Editing 9th Battalion, Madras Regiment

{{short description|Indian army unit}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name=9th Battalion The Madras Regiment
|dates= 1704
|country={{flag|India|size=23px}}
|image=Stamp of India - 2004 - Colnect 158504 - 9 Madras Travancore.jpeg
|caption=Tricentenary postal stamp, 2004 
|allegiance= [[Travancore]]<br/>[[Indian Army]]
|branch= [[Madras Regiment]]
|type= [[Infantry]]
|role=Light Infantry
|size= 
|command_structure=
|garrison=[[Wellington Cantonment|Wellington]], [[Ooty]], [[Nilgiris District]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
|garrison_label=Regimental Centre
|equipment=
|equipment_label=
|nickname=
|patron=
|motto=
|battles= [[Travancore–Dutch War]]<br/>[[Battle of Colachel]]<br/>[[World War II]]<br/>[[Annexation of Hyderabad|Operation Polo]]<br/>[[Sino-Indian War]]<br/>[[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]]<br/>[[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]]<br/>[[Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir|Operation Rakshak]]<br/>[[Operation Parakram]]
|anniversaries=
|battle_honours=
<!-- Commanders -->
|current_commander=
|current_commander_label=
|ceremonial_chief=
|ceremonial_chief_label=
|Colonel_of_the_Regiment=
|colonel_of_the_regiment_label=
|notable_commanders=
}}
The 9th battalion of the [[Madras Regiment]] ([[Travancore]]) is the oldest extant unit in the [[Indian Army]]. It has been in service for over 300 years.<ref name="Ramachandran2015">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/open-page/the-might-of-the-thambis/article7626363.ece|title=The might of the Thambis|date=2015-09-08|access-date=2018-02-11}}</ref>

==History==
The battalion was raised in 1704 at [[Padmanabhapuram]], the capital of the erstwhile kingdom of [[Travancore]]. Raised as personal bodyguards to the [[Maharaja of Travancore]], the unit, though redesigned through the ages, continues to retain its individual identity with no history of disbandment or re-raising.<ref name="TravancoreStateForces">{{Cite web|title=Travancore State Forces|url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=0Shq7wwoytm5UmTfNYDhxQ==&ParentID=X8ZXdizSqjhXDuSfL0C75Q==links/Committee/1Adminrpt1958.asp?intID=1|date=2020-04-13|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413124927/https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=0Shq7wwoytm5UmTfNYDhxQ%3D%3D&ParentID=X8ZXdizSqjhXDuSfL0C75Q%3D%3Dlinks%2FCommittee%2F1Adminrpt1958.asp%3FintID%3D1|archive-date=13 April 2020|access-date=2020-05-06}}</ref>

The Travancore Army, known as the [[Nair Brigade]], completely exterminated the superior and better equipped Dutch Forces which landed at [[Colachal]] in July 1741 during the reign of [[Anizham Thirunal Veer Bala Marthand Varma]]. In the [[Battle of Colachel]], during the [[Travancore–Dutch War]], Capt [[Eustachius De Lannoy]], the Dutch Naval Forces Commander, was captured and was asked later to train the Travancore Army. From 1741 to 1758, Capt De Lannoy remained in command of the Travancore Forces and was involved in annexation of small principalities.<ref name="9th Madras Regiment">
{{cite web
 |publisher   = The journal of India's Armed Forces
 |work        = Sainik Samachar
 |url         = http://mod.nic.in/samachar/april15-04/body.html#l1
 |title       = 9 Madras : A Tale of 'Terrors'
 |access-date  = 2007-04-20
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20160312081154/http://mod.nic.in/samachar/april15-04/body.html#l1
 |archive-date = 12 March 2016}}</ref>

In 1935, the Travancore State joined the Indian State Forces Scheme and the battalion was named 1st Travancore Nair Infantry, Travancore State Forces. The unit was reorganised as an Indian State Infantry Battalion by Lieutenant Colonel H S Steward who was appointed Commandant of the Travancore State Forces.<ref name="TravancoreStateForces" />
 
==World War II==
In 1940, the battalion left for Padmanabhapuram and arrived at Military Station, [[Kannur|Cannanore]]. The battalion served overseas in the 1940s. In 1945, Major General [[V.N. Parameswaran Pillai]] was appointed GOC Travancore State Forces.<ref name="Sadasivan2005">{{cite book|author=S. N. Sadasivan|title=Political and administrative integration of princely states|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kWptYbzpXE8C&pg=PA76|year=2005|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-968-3|page=76}}</ref> In the same year, the unit was asked to move to [[South East Asia Command]]. Embarked on at Taima{{Citation needed|date=July 2011}}, the unit sailed to [[Hong Kong]]. Disembarked at [[Kowloon]] Harbour, it was placed under the command of the [[150th Indian Infantry Brigade]]. While at Kowloon, the unit was assigned the task of guarding Japanese prisoners of war, airfields and docks. It also looked after the repatriation of POWs to Japan. The unit left Hong Kong, disembarked at Madras and arrived at [[Trivandrum]] on 31 January 1947.

==Indian Army==
[[File:President's Colours of 9th Bn. Madras Regt presenting by President Varahagiri Venkata Giri 1970.jpg|thumb|right|9 Madras being presented the President's Colours by the then President [[V. V. Giri]] in 1970]]
In April 1951, the battalion was integrated with [[Indian Army]] and on 1 May 1954, it was merged with the [[Madras Regiment]] and was re-designated '''9th Battalion of the Madras Regiment (Travancore)'''.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Madras Regiment - 9th Battalion (ex State Forces unit), 9th, 16th, 17th battalions|url=http://madrasregiment.org/9Madras.htm|date=2020-05-06|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200506163728/http://madrasregiment.org/9Madras.htm|archive-date=2020-05-06|access-date=2020-05-06}}</ref> After the integration of Travancore State Force with the Indian Army, the State Forces Colours were ceremonially laid up at Chetwode Hall, [[Indian Military Academy]], [[Dehradun]] in 1956. The then-incumbent [[President of India]], [[V. V. Giri]], presented [[Military colours, standards and guidons#President's Colours/Standards/Guidons/Banners of military units|Colours]] to the battalion on 23 May 1970 at Barrack Square, Wellington at a solemn ceremony.

In fond recognition of their bravery, people started calling them terrors.<ref name="9th Madras Regiment" /><ref name="Ramachandran2015" /> Post Independence, the battalion served from Siachen to [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] and from [[Nagaland]] to [[Rajasthan]].<ref name=":1" />

===Operational Achievement===
* The battalion actively participated in the Hyderabad Police Action ([[Operation Polo]]) during 1948 and was instrumental in restoring peace and tranquility in the riot-torn region.
* For the first time, the unit was deployed in high altitude areas in the Sugar Sector in [[Punjab]] and [[Himachal Pradesh]] and occupied forward posts in inhospitable terrain during the [[Sino-Indian War|1962 Indo-China War]].
* During the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]], the battalion located at [[Firozpur]] under the 65th Infantry Brigade fought the famous [[Battle of Burki]] and played a leading role in the capture of Barka-Kalan and [[Ichogil Bund]]. The battalion was honoured with one [[Vir Chakra]], two [[Sena Medal]]s, twelve [[Mentioned in dispatches]] and the [[Battle and theatre honours of the Indian Army|theatre honour Punjab]].<ref name="RSGDefence">{{cite book|author=Capt, R.S.G.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kzo9wyl0AK0C&pg=PT103|title=Major Defence Operations Since 1947|date=2005|publisher=Ocean Books|isbn=9788188322671}}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=6Q7EiZmcMPMC&pg=PA197&dq=battle+of+Ichhogil+bund+22+23+september&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAGoVChMInLXH2deDyQIVDXCOCh3Gfg0U#v=onepage&q=battle%20of%20Ichhogil%20bund%2022%2023%20september&f=false Empire's First Soldiers By D.P. Ramachandran], p. 197, Lancer Publishers, 2008</ref>
* In [[Nagaland]], the battalion conducted operations against [[Naga people|Naga]] hostiles. The unit performed extremely well and was awarded one [[Sena Medal]] and two COAS commendation cards.
* The 9th battalion took part in [[Operation Cactus-Lilly]] during the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]]. The battalion, deployed under the 330rd Infantry Brigade at [[Barmer district|Barmer]], captured Mahendro Ro Par and Fateh Ro Par on Gadra City-Umraokot axis. It remained deployed at Naya Chor till the announcement of ceasefire on 17 December 1971. During this operation, it suffered ten casualties. In another operation, during the 1971 War, Captain Gopal Kumar Raman Pillai was awarded the [[Vir Chakra]].
* The battalion served in the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] from 1990 to 1994 where it had the opportunity to undertake anti-poaching operations in conjunction with [[Indian Navy]] and the [[Indian Air Force]]. The unit was awarded one [[Vishisht Seva Medal]] and four GOC-in-C Southern Command commendation cards during these operations.
* During the ([[Operation Rakshak]]), the battalion conducted counter-insurgency operations in the [[Bhaderwah|Bhadarwah]] and [[Rajouri district|Rajouri]] Sectors. It neutralised more than 35 militants and captured a large quantity of weapons, ammunition and explosives including SAM missiles, UMGs and a sniper rifle. [[Major]] Sajjan Singh Gahalawat and three ORs (Other Ranks) made supreme sacrifice during these operations. The unit was awarded two Shaurya Chakra, three Sena Medals, two COAS commendation cards and two GOC-in-C commendation cards.
* While participating in Operation Meghdoot, the unit served at the world's highest battlefield from 2000 to 2001. It occupied the Actual Ground Position Line (AGPL) in Siachen. During this operation, the battalion suffered two casualties due to adverse weather conditions.
* During [[Operation Parakram]], the unit was operationally deployed at Turtuk, [[Baramulla]], Handanbrog, [[Dras]] and [[Kargil]].

==See also==
* [[Nair Brigade]]

==References==
<references />

{{Indian Army}}

[[Category:Military units and formations of British India]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1954]]
[[Category:Battalions of India]]
[[Category:1954 establishments in India]]