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Twenty20 International

2023-10-08T16:22:58Z

Wasim4gold: /* Teams with T20I status */

{{short description|Form of cricket}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{about|the format for men's international cricket|the women's format|Women's Twenty20 International}}
[[File:England vs Sri Lanka.jpg|thumb|400px|A Twenty20 International between [[England cricket team|England]] and [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]] in June 2006 at [[Rose Bowl (cricket ground)|The Rose Bowl (Southampton)]].]]
A '''Twenty20 International''' ('''T20I''') is a form of [[cricket]], played between international members of the [[International Cricket Council]] (ICC), where each team faces a maximum of twenty [[Over (cricket)|overs]]. These matches hold top-class status and are the highest T20 standard. The game is played under the rules of [[Twenty20]] cricket. Starting from the format's inception in 2005, T20I status only applied to [[List of International Cricket Council members#Full members|Full Members]] and some [[List of International Cricket Council members#Associate Members with T20I status|Associate Member]] teams. However, in April 2018, the ICC announced that it would grant T20I status to all its 105 members from 1 January 2019.

The shortened format was initially introduced to bolster crowds for the domestic game, and was not intended to be played internationally, but the first Twenty20 International took place on 17 February 2005 when [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] defeated [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]], and the first tournament was played two years later, with the introduction of the [[ICC T20 World Cup]]. In 2016, for the first time in a calendar year, more Twenty20 International matches (100) were played than [[One Day International|ODI]] matches (99).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/review2016/content/story/1075114.html|title=More results, more Rohit Sharma 2452 runs, and more T20Is than ODIs|date=3 January 2017|website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> As of November 2021, 90 nations feature in ICC T20I team rankings.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/rankings/mens/team-rankings/t20i |title=Men's T20I Team Rankings |website=icc-cricket.com |access-date=2022-09-16}}</ref>

Twenty20 International format also sees one mandatory [[Powerplay (cricket)|powerplay]] taken in the first six overs. This shorter format of the game makes reaching the traditional milestones of scoring a century or taking five wickets in an innings more difficult, and few players have achieved these. The highest individual score in a Twenty20 International is 172, made by Australia's [[Aaron Finch]] against Zimbabwe in 2018, while Nigeria's [[Peter Aho]] has the best bowling figures of 6/5 against Sierra Leone in October 2021.

{{Cricket sidebar |expanded=all}}

==Origins==
Cricket itself was probably first played in England in the [[Late Middle Ages]], but it did not rise to prominence until the eighteenth century. A set of [[Laws of cricket|laws]] were drawn up in 1744, and the game achieved a level of relative standardisation by the late nineteenth century.<ref>{{cite book |title=A Social History of English Cricket |last=Birley |first=Derek |author-link=Derek Birley |year=2003 |orig-year=1999 |publisher=Aurum Press |isbn=1-85410-941-3 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/socialhistoryofe0000birl/page/3 3–107] |url=https://archive.org/details/socialhistoryofe0000birl/page/3 }}</ref> [[One-day cricket]] was trialled in 1962, and the first domestic tournament played the following year,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/510124.html |title=The low-key birth of one-day cricket |last=Williamson |first=Martin |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|date=9 April 2011 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> and in 1971, England and Australia contested the first [[One Day International]]. The match consisted of one innings for each side, with 40 eight-[[Delivery (cricket)|ball]] [[Over (cricket)|overs]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/464234.html |title=The birth of the one-day international |last=Williamson |first=Martin |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|access-date=3 February 2015|date=22 June 2010 }}</ref>

In the 1990s, a number of countries were exploring the possibility of a shorter game still: in New Zealand, [[Martin Crowe]] developed [[Short form cricket#Cricket Max|Cricket Max]], in which each team bats for 10 eight-ball overs,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/67577.html |title=Cricket Max – The Game Invented By Martin Crowe |work=ESPNcricinfo|date=2 February 1996 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> while in Australia they considered an eight-a-side contest they dubbed "Super 8s". At the same time, the [[England and Wales Cricket Board]] (ECB) conducted consumer research, and proposed the idea of a 20 overs-per-side contest, which would last for about three hours.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/england/england-archive/icc-world-twenty20-2009/history/ |title=History of Twenty20 cricket |publisher=[[England and Wales Cricket Board]] |access-date=3 February 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203150110/http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/england/england-archive/icc-world-twenty20-2009/history/ |archive-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> The first match was played in 2003 between [[Hampshire County Cricket Club|Hampshire]] and [[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex]].{{cn|date=July 2020}}

==History==
The first Twenty20 International match between two men's sides was played on 17 February 2005, involving [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] and [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]]. ''[[Wisden Cricketers' Almanack]]'' reported that "neither side took the game especially seriously",<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/288833.html |title=New Zealand v Australia |last=Ramsay |first=Andrew |year=2006 |work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=30 January 2015}}</ref> and it was noted by ''[[ESPNcricinfo]]'' that but for a large score for [[Ricky Ponting]], "the concept would have shuddered".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/144657.html |title=Saved by Private Ricky |last=English |first=Peter |work=ESPNcricinfo|date=18 February 2005 |access-date=30 January 2015}}</ref> However, Ponting himself said "if it does become an international game then I'm sure the novelty won't be there all the time".<ref name="RP-quote">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/149574.html |title=South Africa's Superman |access-date=17 February 2017 |work=ESPNcricinfo|date=17 May 2006 }}</ref>

Two further matches were played that year; [[England cricket team|England]] beat Australia in June, and [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] were defeated by New Zealand in October.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/match_results.html?class=3;id=2005;type=year |title=Records / 2005 / Twenty20 Internationals / Match results |work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=30 January 2015}}</ref> Early the following year, a contest between New Zealand and the [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] finished as the first [[List of tied Twenty20 Internationals|tied match]], and a tiebreak was played for the first time in men's international cricket: the two sides took part in a [[bowl-out]] to determine a winner; New Zealand won 3–0.<ref name="tiebreak">{{cite web|url=http://www.icc-europe.org/newsdetails.php?newsId=7527_1230249600 |title=WI beat NZ in historical tiebreaker |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=26 December 2008 |access-date=30 January 2015}}</ref>

The game had initially been developed to boost the interest in domestic cricket, and to aid this the international teams were only allowed to host three T20Is each year. The cricket manager for the ICC, [[Dave Richardson (South African cricketer)|David Richardson]], also commented that "Part of the success of Twenty20 cricket is making sure it can coexist with Test cricket and one-dayers."<ref name="plenty">{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/wisdencricketer/content/story/286573.html |title=Is twenty plenty? |work=ESPNcricinfo|date=24 March 2007 |access-date=30 January 2015}}</ref> Despite this, the first international tournament was held in 2007 in South Africa; the [[2007 ICC World Twenty20]].<ref name="plenty"/> That tournament was won by [[India national cricket team|India]], who defeated their close rivals [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]] in the final. Writing for ''[[The Guardian]]'', Dilip Premachandran suggested that the competition's success meant that "the format is here to stay".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2007/sep/26/cricket.worldtwenty202007 |title=Great win, but easy on the chest-thumping |last=Premachandran |first=Dileep |work=[[The Guardian]] |location=London |date=26 September 2007 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> The next tournament was scheduled for 2009, and it was decided that they would take place [[wikt:biannual|biannually]] (more frequently than the 50 over [[Cricket World Cup]], which occurs once every four years).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icc-europe.org/tournaments/global_tour.php |title=Global Tournaments |publisher=International Cricket Council |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> In the opening match of the 2007 World Twenty20, [[Chris Gayle]] scored the first [[List of centuries in Twenty20 International cricket|century in a T20I]], the achievement being reached in the twentieth match of the format.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/twenty20wc/content/story/310526.html |title=Gayle and Gibbs run riot |last1=Gopalakrishna |first1=HR |last2=Vaghese |first2=Mathew |work=ESPNcricinfo|date=11 September 2007 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref>

The 500th T20I match was contested between [[Irish cricket team in the United Arab Emirates in 2015–16|Ireland and the United Arab Emirates]] at the [[Sheikh Zayed Cricket Stadium|Sheikh Zayed Stadium]], [[Abu Dhabi]] on 16 February 2016.<ref name="500matches">{{cite web |url=http://www.cricket.com.au/news/500-t20-internationals-most-runs-wickets-sixes-hat-tricks-catches-mathes-afridi-finch-mendis/2016-02-17 |title=(500) games of T20I cricket |access-date=18 February 2016 |work=cricket.com.au}}</ref>

ICC decided to use [[Umpire Decision Review System]] (DRS) in Twenty20 Internationals from the end of September 2017,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/18629591/uniform-drs-likely-october|title=Uniform DRS likely from October|date=6 February 2017|website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/sports/report-icc-takes-a-huge-decision-which-may-slow-down-t20s-2312355|title=ICC takes a huge decision which may slow down T20s|date=4 February 2017|website=DNA India}}</ref> with its first use in the [[Australian cricket team in India in 2017–18|India-Australia T20I series]] in October 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/20950249/australia-denied-advantage-new-rules|title=Australia denied advantage of new rules|date=8 October 2017|website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

==Current international rankings==
[[File:International_Cricket_Council_members_(by_status)_2017.svg|thumb|300x300px|Current ICC members by membership status: {{Color box|#ff0000|border=pink}} Full members (12) 
{{Color box|#ff6600|border=darkpink}} Associate members with [[One Day International|ODI]] status (8) 
{{Color box|#ff9900|border=darkpink}} Associate members (85) 
{{Color box|#333333|border=darkpink}} Former members (4) 
{{Color box|silver|border=darkpink}} Non-members]]
{{ICC T20I Championship rankings}}

==Teams with T20I status==
===Permanent T20I status===

Prior to 2019, permanent T20I status was limited to the [[Test cricket|Test-playing]] nations (the full members of the ICC), which included 12 teams after the promotion of Afghanistan and Ireland to full member status in 2017. In April 2018, the ICC announced that it would grant T20I status to all of its 105 [[List of International Cricket Council members| members]] from 1 January 2019.<ref name="status">{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/672322 |title=All T20 matches between ICC members to get international status |work=International Cricket Council |access-date=26 April 2018}}</ref><ref name="104to18">{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/23324980/t20s-all-icc-members-international-status|title=T20s between all ICC members to have international status|date=26 April 2018|website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=T20s between all ICC members to have international status|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/23324980/t20s-all-icc-members-international-status|work=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|date=27 April 2018|access-date=26 February 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116163436/http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/23324980/t20s-all-icc-members-international-status|archive-date=16 November 2018}}</ref> Nations that have played T20I cricket are listed below, with the date of their first T20I after gaining permanent T20I status shown in brackets (some of these nations had previously played T20Is with [[#Temporary T20I status|temporary status]]):

{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
# {{cr|AUS}} ([[Australian cricket team in New Zealand in 2004–05|17 February 2005]])
# {{cr|NZ}} ([[Australian cricket team in New Zealand in 2004–05|17 February 2005]])
# {{cr|ENG}} ([[Australian cricket team in England in 2005|13 June 2005]])
# {{cr|SA}} ([[New Zealand cricket team in South Africa in 2005–06|21 October 2005]])
# {{cr|WIN}} ([[West Indies cricket team in New Zealand in 2005–06|16 February 2006]])
# {{cr|SL}} ([[Sri Lankan cricket team in England in 2006|15 June 2006]])
# {{cr|PAK}} ([[Pakistani cricket team in England in 2006|28 August 2006]])
# {{cr|BAN}} ([[Zimbabwean cricket team in Bangladesh in 2006–07|28 November 2006]])
# {{cr|ZIM}} ([[Zimbabwean cricket team in Bangladesh in 2006–07|28 November 2006]])
# {{cr|IND}} ([[Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2006–07|1 December 2006]])
# {{cr|AFG|2013}} ([[Zimbabwean cricket team against Afghanistan in the UAE in 2017–18|5 February 2018]])
# {{cr|IRE}} ([[2018 Netherlands Tri-Nation Series|12 June 2018]])
# {{cr|BHR}} ([[2019 ACC Western Region T20|20 January 2019]])
# {{cr|KUW}} ([[2019 ACC Western Region T20|20 January 2019]])
# {{cr|MDV}} ([[2019 ACC Western Region T20|20 January 2019]])
# {{cr|SAU}} ([[2019 ACC Western Region T20|20 January 2019]])
# {{cr|QAT}} ([[2019 ACC Western Region T20|21 January 2019]])
# {{cr|NEP}} ([[Nepalese cricket team in the United Arab Emirates in 2018–19|31 January 2019]])
# {{cr|UAE}} ([[Nepalese cricket team in the United Arab Emirates in 2018–19|31 January 2019]])
# {{cr|NED}} ([[2018–19 Oman Quadrangular Series|13 February 2019]])
# {{cr|OMA}} ([[2018–19 Oman Quadrangular Series|13 February 2019]])
# {{cr|SCO}} ([[2018–19 Oman Quadrangular Series|13 February 2019]])
# {{cr|USA}} ([[United States cricket team in the United Arab Emirates in 2018–19|15 March 2019]])
# {{cr|PNG}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup East Asia-Pacific Qualifier|22 March 2019]])
# {{cr|PHI}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup East Asia-Pacific Qualifier|22 March 2019]])
# {{cr|VAN}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup East Asia-Pacific Qualifier|22 March 2019]])
# {{cr|MLT}} ([[2019 Spain Triangular T20I Series|29 March 2019]])
# {{cr|ESP}} ([[2019 Spain Triangular T20I Series|29 March 2019]])
# {{cr|BLZ}} ([[2019 Central American Cricket Championship|25 April 2019]])
# {{cr|CRC}} ([[2019 Central American Cricket Championship|25 April 2019]])
# {{cr|MEX}} ([[2019 Central American Cricket Championship|25 April 2019]])
# {{cr|PAN}} ([[2019 Central American Cricket Championship|25 April 2019]])
# {{cr|BEL}} ([[German cricket team in Belgium in 2019|11 May 2019]])
# {{cr|GER}} ([[German cricket team in Belgium in 2019|11 May 2019]])
# {{cr|BOT}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|20 May 2019]])
# {{cr|GHA}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|20 May 2019]])
# {{cr|KEN}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|20 May 2019]])
# {{cr|NAM}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|20 May 2019]])
# {{cr|NGA}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|20 May 2019]])
# {{cr|UGA}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|20 May 2019]])
# {{cr|ITA}} ([[German cricket team against Italy in the Netherlands in 2019|25 May 2019]])
# {{cr|GUE}} ([[2019 T20 Inter-Insular Cup|31 May 2019]])
# {{cr|JER}} ([[2019 T20 Inter-Insular Cup|31 May 2019]])
# {{cr|NOR}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier|15 June 2019]])
# {{cr|DEN}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier|16 June 2019]])
# {{cr|MAS}} ([[2019 Malaysia Tri-Nation Series|24 June 2019]])
# {{cr|THA}} ([[2019 Malaysia Tri-Nation Series|24 June 2019]])
# {{cr|SAM}} ([[Cricket at the 2019 Pacific Games – Men's tournament|8 July 2019]])
# {{cr|FIN}} ([[Finnish cricket team in Denmark in 2019|13 July 2019]])
# {{cr|SIN}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Asia Qualifier|22 July 2019]])
# {{cr|BER}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Americas Qualifier|18 August 2019]])
# {{cr|CAN}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Americas Qualifier|18 August 2019]])
# {{cr|CAY}} ([[2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Americas Qualifier|18 August 2019]])
# {{cr|AUT}} ([[2019 Romania T20 Cup|29 August 2019]])
# {{cr|LUX}} ([[2019 Romania T20 Cup|29 August 2019]])
# {{cr|ROM}} ([[2019 Romania T20 Cup|29 August 2019]])
# {{cr|TUR}} ([[2019 Romania T20 Cup|29 August 2019]])
# {{cr|CZE}} ([[2019 Romania T20 Cup|30 August 2019]])
# {{cr|ARG}} ([[2019 South American Cricket Championship – Men's tournament|3 October 2019]])
# {{cr|BRA}} ([[2019 South American Cricket Championship – Men's tournament|3 October 2019]])
# {{cr|CHI}} ([[2019 South American Cricket Championship – Men's tournament|3 October 2019]])
# {{cr|PER}} ([[2019 South American Cricket Championship – Men's tournament|3 October 2019]])
# {{cr|HK}} ([[2019–20 Oman Pentangular Series|5 October 2019]])
# {{cr|BUL}} ([[2019 Hellenic Premier League|14 October 2019]])
# {{cr|SRB}} ([[2019 Hellenic Premier League|14 October 2019]])
# {{cr|GRE}} ([[2019 Hellenic Premier League|15 October 2019]])
# {{cr|POR}} ([[2019 Iberia Cup|25 October 2019]])
# {{cr|GIB}} ([[2019 Iberia Cup|26 October 2019]])
# {{cr|MWI}} ([[2019 T20 Kwacha Cup#Men's series|6 November 2019]])
# {{cr|MOZ}} ([[2019 T20 Kwacha Cup#Men's series|6 November 2019]])
# {{cr|BHU}} ([[Cricket at the 2019 South Asian Games – Men's tournament|5 December 2019]])
# {{cr|IRN}} ([[2020 Asia Cup Qualifier|23 February 2020]])
# {{cr|IOM}} ([[Isle of Man cricket team in Guernsey in 2020|21 August 2020]])
# {{cr|FRA}} ([[2021 Germany Tri-Nation Series|5 August 2021]])
# {{cr|SWE}} ([[Swedish cricket team in Denmark in 2021|14 August 2021]])
# {{cr|RWA}} ([[Ghanaian cricket team in Rwanda in 2021|18 August 2021]])
# {{cr|HUN}} ([[2021 Continental Cup (cricket)|2 September 2021]])
# {{cr|CYP}} ([[2021 Cyprus T20I Cup|5 October 2021]])
# {{cr|EST}} ([[2021 Cyprus T20I Cup|5 October 2021]])
# {{cr|ESW}} ([[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|16 October 2021]])
# {{cr|LES}} ([[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|16 October 2021]])
# {{cr|SEY}} ([[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier#Group A|16 October 2021]])
# {{cr|SLE}} ([[Sierra Leonean cricket team in Nigeria in 2021–22|19 October 2021]])
# {{cr|SUI}} ([[2021 Valletta Cup|22 October 2021]])
# {{cr|TAN}} ([[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|2 November 2021]])
# {{cr|CMR}} ([[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|3 November 2021]])
# {{cr|BAH}} ([[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Americas Qualifier|7 November 2021]])
# {{cr|ISR}} ([[2022–23 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier#Qualifier C|28 June 2022]])
# {{cr|CRO}} ([[2022–23 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier#Qualifier A|13 July 2022]])
# {{cr|SVN}} ([[2022–23 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier#Qualifier B|25 July 2022]])
# {{cr|COK}} ([[2022–23 ICC Men's T20 World Cup East Asia-Pacific Qualifier#Qualifier A|9 September 2022]])
# {{cr|FIJ}} ([[2022–23 ICC Men's T20 World Cup East Asia-Pacific Qualifier#Qualifier A|9 September 2022]])
# {{cr|IDN}} ([[Indonesian cricket team in Japan in 2022–23|9 October 2022]])
# {{cr|JPN}} ([[Indonesian cricket team in Japan in 2022–23|9 October 2022]])
# {{cr|KOR}} ([[2022–23 ICC Men's T20 World Cup East Asia-Pacific Qualifier#Qualifier B|15 October 2022]])
# {{cr|MLI}} ([[2022–23 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier#Qualifier A|17 November 2022]])
# {{cr|Saint Helena}} ([[2022–23 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier#Qualifier A|17 November 2022]])
# {{cr|GAM}} ([[2022–23 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier#Qualifier B|1 December 2022]])
# {{cr|CAM}} ([[Cricket at the 2023 Southeast Asian Games – Men's tournament#T20|4 May 2023]])
# {{cr|CHN}} ([[2023 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Asia Qualifier#Qualifier B|26 July 2023]])
# {{cr|MYA}} ([[2023 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Asia Qualifier#Qualifier B|26 July 2023]])
# {{cr|MGL}} ([[Cricket at the 2022 Asian Games – Men's tournament|27 September 2023]])
}}

===Temporary T20I status (Defunct)===
Between 2005 and 2018, the ICC granted temporary [[One Day International|ODI]] and T20I status to a selection of other teams (known as [[List of International Cricket Council members#Top Associate Members|Associate members]]). Teams earned this temporary status for a period of four years based on their performance in the quadrennial [[ICC World Cricket League]] – or, more specifically, based on the top six finishing positions at the [[ICC World Cup Qualifier]], which is the final event of the World Cricket League.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/756175.html|title=Nepal, Netherlands get T20 international status|date=28 June 2014|website=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=1 June 2019}}</ref> Teams could also earn this status by qualifying for the [[ICC T20 World Cup]].

Twelve nations held this temporary T20I status before gaining permanent T20I status or losing status after underperforming at the World Cup Qualifier or World Twenty20 Qualifier (dates shown are for the first and last matches played while holding temporary T20I status, not when this status was gained, lost or changed to permanent):
* {{cr|KEN}} (from [[2007 Kenya Twenty20 Quadrangular|1 September 2007]], until [[2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier|30 January 2014]])
* {{cr|SCO}} (from [[2007 ICC World Twenty20|12 September 2007]], until [[2018 Netherlands Tri-Nation Series|20 June 2018]])
* {{cr|IRE}} (from [[2008 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier|2 August 2008]], until [[Irish cricket team against Afghanistan in India in 2016–17|12 March 2017]])
* {{cr|NED}} (from [[2008 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier|2 August 2008]], until [[2018 MCC Tri-Nation Series|29 July 2018]])
* {{cr|CAN}} (from [[2008 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier|2 August 2008]], until [[2014 Cricket World Cup Qualifier|28 January 2014]])
* {{cr|BER}} (from [[2008 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier|3 August 2008]], until [[2009 Cricket World Cup Qualifier|8 April 2009]])
* {{cr|AFG|2013}} (from [[2010 Quadrangular Twenty20 Series in Sri Lanka|1 February 2010]], until [[Afghan cricket team in the West Indies in 2017|5 June 2017]])
* {{cr|NEP}} (from [[2014 ICC World Twenty20|16 March 2014]], until [[2018 MCC Tri-Nation Series|29 July 2018]])
* {{cr|HK}} (from [[2014 ICC World Twenty20|16 March 2014]], until [[2017 Desert T20 Challenge|18 January 2017]])
* {{cr|UAE}} (from [[2014 ICC World Twenty20|17 March 2014]], until [[Australian cricket team in the United Arab Emirates in 2018–19|22 October 2018]])
* {{cr|PNG}} (from [[2015 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier|13 July 2015]], until [[2018 Cricket World Cup Qualifier|17 March 2018]])
* {{cr|OMA}} (from [[2015 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier|25 July 2015]], until [[2017 Desert T20 Challenge|19 January 2017]])

The ICC has also given special T20I status to the [[World XI (cricket)|ICC World XI]] team for:
*The [[2017 Independence Cup (cricket)|2017 Independence Cup]], a three match series versus Pakistan national team to help revive international cricket in Pakistan.<ref>{{cite web|title=ICC confirms plans for World XI tour to Pakistan for three-game T20 series in September|url=https://www.firstpost.com/firstcricket/icc-confirms-plans-for-world-xi-tour-to-pakistan-for-three-game-t20-series-in-september-3740629.html|publisher=Firstpost|date=24 June 2017|access-date=18 April 2018}}</ref>
*The [[Hurricane Relief T20 Challenge]], a one-off match against West Indies on 31 May 2018, to raise funds for stadiums damaged by [[Hurricane Irma]] and [[Hurricane Maria]] in September 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/22429703/west-indies-rest-world-xi-play-fundraising-t20i |title=West Indies, Rest of the World XI to play fundraising T20I |access-date=21 April 2018 |work=ESPNcricinfo|date=14 February 2018 }}</ref>

==Cricket at international multi-sport events==
[[File:Mendis_bowling.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Ajantha Mendis]] was the first player to take six wickets in a T20I]]
Cricket was played as part of the [[Cricket at the 1900 Summer Olympics|1900 Summer Olympics]], when England and France contested a two-day match.<ref name="isoh">{{cite journal |last=Buchanan |first=Ian |year=1993 |title=Cricket at the 1900 Games |journal=Journal of Olympic History |volume=1 |issue=2 |page=4 |publisher=[[International Society of Olympic Historians]] |url=http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/JOH/JOHv1n2/JOHv1n2c.pdf |editor1-first=Bill |editor1-last=Mallon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907211250/http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/JOH/JOHv1n2/JOHv1n2c.pdf |archive-date=7 September 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1998, [[Cricket at the 1998 Commonwealth Games|cricket was played as part of the Commonwealth Games]], on this occasion in the 50-over format. There was some talk about Twenty20 cricket being part of the [[2010 Commonwealth Games]], which were held in [[Delhi]], but at the time the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] (BCCI), were not in favour of the short format of the game, and it was not included.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/234191.html |title=Cricket unlikely at 2010 Games |work=ESPNcricinfo|date=23 January 2006 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref>

Cricket was played in [[Cricket at the 2010 Asian Games|2010 Asian Games]] in Guangzhou, China<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/series/485152.html|title=Asian Games Men's Cricket Competition|website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> and [[Cricket at the 2014 Asian Games|2014 Asian Games]] in Incheon, South Korea.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/series/777895.html|title=Asian Games Men's Cricket Competition|website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> India skipped both times.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/story/766247.html|title=India to skip Asian Games again|date=1 August 2014|website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> There was further calls for subsequent Commonwealth Games and [[Olympic Games]]. The [[Commonwealth Games Federation]] asked the ICC to participate in the [[2014 Commonwealth Games|2014]] and [[2018 Commonwealth Games]], but the ICC turned down the invitation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/sport-games-cricket-idINKBN0FT0KW20140724 |title=ICC rejects 2018 offer, cricket stays out of Commonwealth Games |publisher=Reuters |date=24 July 2014 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> In 2010, the [[International Olympic Committee]] recognised the [[International Cricket Council]] as a governing body that complied to the requirements of the [[Olympic charter]] which in turn meant that cricket could apply to be included in the Olympic Games,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/447930.html |title=Cricket gets Olympic approval |work=ESPNcricinfo|date=12 February 2010 |access-date=3 February 2015}}</ref> but in 2013 the ICC announced that it had no intentions to make such an application, primarily due to opposition from the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India| BCCI]]. ''[[ESPNcricinfo]]'' suggested that the opposition might be based on the possible loss of income.{{cn|date=July 2020}} In April 2016, ICC chief executive David Richardson said that Twenty20 cricket can have a chance of getting in for the [[2024 Summer Olympics|2024 Summer Games]], but there must be collective support shown by the ICC's membership base, in particular from BCCI, in order for there to be a chance of inclusion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc-world-twenty20-2016/content/story/994995.html|title=ICC's Richardson wants more teams in World T20|date=3 April 2016|website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

==Statistics==
{{main|List of Twenty20 International records}}
{{main|List of centuries in Twenty20 International cricket}}
{{main|List of five-wicket hauls in Twenty20 International cricket}}
[[File:Virat Kohli portrait.jpg|thumb|[[Virat Kohli]] is the highest run scorer in the history of T20 internationals with 4008 runs.]]
[[File:Rohit Sharma November 2016 (cropped).jpg|thumb|234x234px|[[Rohit Sharma]] is the only player to score [[List of centuries in Twenty20 International cricket|4 T20I Tons]]]]
The highest team total in a T20I was made by [[Afghanistan national cricket team|Afghanistan]] versus [[Ireland cricket team|Ireland]] when they scored 278/3.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283218.html |title=Records / Twenty20 Internationals / Team records / Highest innings totals |work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283283.html |title=Records / Twenty20 Internationals / Team records / Largest margin of victory (by runs) |work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref> The lowest total was recorded in 2019, when [[Czech Republic national cricket team|Czech Republic]] bowled out [[Turkey national cricket team|Turkey]] for just 21 runs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283172.html |title=Records / Twenty20 Internationals / Team records / Lowest innings totals |work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref> The highest successful chase was made in February 2018, when Australia scored 245 runs to overhaul New Zealand's target and win the match.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?batting_fielding_first=2;class=3;filter=advanced;innings_number=2;orderby=team_score;result=1;template=results;type=team;view=innings |title=Statistics / Statsguru / Twenty20 Internationals / Team records |work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref>

{{As of|2022|11|29|post=,}} [[Virat Kohli ]] has scored the most runs in the format with 4,008<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/records/content/records/282827.html |title=Records / Twenty20 Internationals / Batting records / Most runs in career |work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref> [[Aaron Finch]] has made the highest individual score in T20Is, with his innings of 172 against Zimbabwe in 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/records/content/records/284262.html |title=Records / Twenty20 Internationals / Batting records / Most runs in an innings |work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref> Sri Lankan bowler [[Lasith Malinga]] holds the records for the most wickets, having taken 107 wickets in 84 matches,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283194.html |title=Records / Twenty20 Internatioոals / Bowling records / Most wickets in career |work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref> whilst India's [[Deepak Chahar]] recorded the best bowling figures when he took 6 wickets for 7 runs against Bangladesh in November 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283973.html |title=Records / Twenty20 Internationals / Bowling records / Best figures in an innings |work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of International Cricket Council members]]
* [[Women's Twenty20 International]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Forms of cricket}}
{{International cricket}}

[[Category:Twenty20 International cricket|*]]
[[Category:Twenty20 International cricket competitions|*]]

Suchitra Devi (writer)

2023-10-01T20:51:30Z

Wasim4gold: Suchitra Devi: Remove unnecessary parentheses/disambiguator

#REDIRECT [[Suchitra Devi]]

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Ishant Sharma

2023-06-18T18:03:20Z

Wasim4gold:

{{short description|Indian cricketer}}

{{Use Indian English|date=July 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox cricketer
| name = Ishant Sharma
| image = Ishant Sharma 4.jpg
| caption = Sharma in 2012
| country = India
| fullname = Ishant Sharma
| nickname = Lambu
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1988|9|2|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], India
| height = 6 ft 4 in
| batting = Right handed
| bowling = Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]]
| role = [[Bowler (cricket)|Bowler]]
| international = true
| internationalspan = 2007–present

| testdebutdate = 25 May
| testdebutyear = 2007
| testdebutagainst = Bangladesh
| testcap = 258
| lasttestdate = 25 November
| lasttestyear = 2021
| lasttestagainst = New Zealand

| odidebutdate = 29 June
| odidebutyear = 2007
| odidebutagainst = South Africa
| odicap = 169
| lastodidate = 17 January
| lastodiyear = 2016
| lastodiagainst = Australia
| odishirt = 1

| T20Idebutdate = 1 February
| T20Idebutyear = 2008
| T20Idebutagainst = Australia
| T20Icap = 21
| lastT20Idate = 10 October
| lastT20Iyear = 2013
| lastT20Iagainst = Australia

| T20Ishirt = 1
| club1 = [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]
| year1 = 2006/07–present
| club2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| year2 = 2008–2010
| club3 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| year3 = 2011–2012
| club4 = [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]]
| year4 = 2013–2015
| club5 = [[Rising Pune Supergiants]]
| year5 = 2016
| club6 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| year6 = 2017
| club7 = [[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex]]
| year7 = 2018
| club8 = [[Delhi Capitals]]
| year8 = 2019–present
| columns = 4
| column1 = [[Test cricket|Test]]
| matches1 = 105
| runs1 = 785
| bat avg1 = 8.26
| 100s/50s1 = 0/1
| top score1 = 57
| deliveries1 = 19,160
| wickets1 = 311
| bowl avg1 = 32.40
| fivefor1 = 11
| tenfor1 = 1
| best bowling1 = 7/74
| catches/stumpings1 = 23/–
| column2 = [[One Day International|ODI]]
| matches2 = 80
| runs2 = 72
| bat avg2 = 4.80
| 100s/50s2 = 0/0
| top score2 = 13
| deliveries2 = 3,733
| wickets2 = 115
| bowl avg2 = 30.98
| fivefor2 = 0
| tenfor2 = 0
| best bowling2 = 4/34
| catches/stumpings2 = 19/–
| column3 = [[First class cricket|FC]]
| matches3 = 149
| runs3 = 1,061
| bat avg3 = 8.69
| 100s/50s3 = 0/2
| top score3 = 66
| deliveries3 = 26,808
| wickets3 = 481
| bowl avg3 = 28.35
| fivefor3 = 16
| tenfor3 = 2
| best bowling3 = 7/24
| catches/stumpings3 = 33/–
| column4 = [[List A cricket|LA]]
| matches4 = 123
| runs4 = 174
| bat avg4 = 6.96
| 100s/50s4 = 0/0
| top score4 = 31
| deliveries4 = 5,834
| wickets4 = 178
| bowl avg4 = 28.95
| fivefor4 = 1
| tenfor4 = 0
| best bowling4 = 5/21
| catches/stumpings4 = 26/–
| date = 25 November 2021
| source = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/236779.html ESPNcricinfo]
}}

'''Ishant Sharma''' ({{audio|Ishant Sharma.ogg|pronunciation}}; born 2 September 1988) is an Indian [[cricket]]er who has represented India in [[Test cricket|Tests]], [[One Day International|ODIs]] and [[T20I]]s. He is a 6 ft 4 in tall<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-08-22/interviews/41436662_1_fast-bowling-ishant-sharma-bhuvneshwar-kumar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824002404/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-08-22/interviews/41436662_1_fast-bowling-ishant-sharma-bhuvneshwar-kumar|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 August 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|title=I enjoy being India's bowling spearhead: Ishant Sharma|access-date=19 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-01-18/top-stories/36416301_1_ishant-sharma-steven-finn-ashok-dinda|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521071229/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-01-18/top-stories/36416301_1_ishant-sharma-steven-finn-ashok-dinda|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 May 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|title=Finn and Ishant: The tale of two tall spearheads|access-date=19 September 2013}}</ref><ref>A CORRESPONDENT (20 October 2013), [https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/all-over-in-one-ishant-over-australia-win-by-4-wickets-to-take-2-1-lead/cid/254920 "All over in one Ishant over - Australia win by 4 wickets to take 2-1 lead"], ''The Telegraph India''. Retrieved 13 February 2020.</ref> right-arm fast-medium bowler.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/236779.html |title=Ishant Sharma |publisher=Cricinfo |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref><ref name="Cricket Addictor">{{cite web |url=https://cricketaddictor.com/cricket/top-10-tallest-cricketers-of-all-time/ |title=First-class bowling for each team by Ishant Sharma |date=12 July 2019 |publisher=Cricket Addictor |access-date=8 January 2022}}</ref> At the age of 18, Sharma was called to join the [[Indian national cricket team|Indian squad]] for the [[Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2006-07|tour of South Africa in 2006–07]]. However, after receiving the call and organising travel arrangements, he was deselected.<ref>[http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/274170.html?CMP=OTC-RSS Ishant won't be going to SA], by Anand Vasu, Cricinfo, 27 December 2006</ref> In reference to his height and lean physique in his Under-19 days, the bowler was nicknamed ''Lambu''.<ref name=lambu>{{cite news|url=http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,24478043-2882,00.html|title=Speedster Ishant Sharma earns Curtly Ambrose comparison|work=Herald and Weekly Times|access-date=3 November 2008}}</ref><ref name="Ramamoorthy">{{cite news | url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/04/03/stories/2008040351280400.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020144508/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/04/03/stories/2008040351280400.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=20 October 2013 | title=Season's flavour | first=Mangala | last=Ramamoorthy | date=3 April 2008 | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | access-date=15 July 2012 }}</ref> In 2011, he became the fifth youngest player to take 100 Test wickets. Against [[South Africa cricket team|South Africa]] in 2013, Ishant Sharma became the fifth quickest Indian to grab 100 ODI wickets.{{citation needed|date=September 2021}} While being a "rhythm" bowler, he still is considered one of the fastest Indian bowlers having bowled in excess of 150 km/h on several occasions in international cricket as well as the IPL, his fastest being 152.2 km/h bowled to [[Ricky Ponting]] on [[Boxing Day]] Test in 2011. In 2020, Indian government has awarded him the [[Arjuna Award]] to recognize his outstanding achievement in cricket. Sharma was a member of the Indian team that won the [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy]].

In February 2021, during the series [[English cricket team in India in 2020–21|against England]], Ishant took his [[List of bowlers who have taken 300 or more wickets in Test cricket|300th wicket in Test cricket]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/england-in-india/ishant-sharma-the-man-for-the-dirty-job-climbs-mt-300/articleshow/80758767.cms |title=Ishant Sharma, the man for the 'dirty job', climbs Mt 300 |work=Times of India |access-date=8 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ishant Sharma Becomes 2nd Indian Pacer to Play 100 Tests|url=https://www.thequint.com/sports/cricket/pink-ball-test-ishant-sharma-becomes-2nd-indian-pacer-to-play-100-tests|access-date=2021-02-26|website=TheQuint|date=24 February 2021|language=en}}</ref>.He is regarded as one of the greatest pacers in Indian Cricket.<ref>{{Cite web|https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/england-in-india/1st-test-ishant-sharma-becomes-third-indian-pacer-to-take-300-test-wickets/articleshow/80747352.cms|</ref>

==Domestic and first-class career==

Ishant plays for [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]] in domestic cricket and has taken 68 wickets in 14 [[first class cricket|first-class]] games,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/100/100673/f_Bowling_by_Team.html |title=First-class bowling for each team by Ishant Sharma |publisher=Cricket Archive |access-date=17 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/100/100673/f_Batting_by_Team.html |title=First-class batting and fielding for each team by Ishant Sharma |publisher=Cricket Archive |access-date=17 February 2012}}</ref> including a five-wicket haul against Baroda on the opening day of a match Delhi drew after failing to bowl Baroda out on the fourth day.<ref>[http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/cbs/content/story/271956.html Ishant scalps five as Jadhav and Kanitkar make merry], by Cricinfo, 9 December 2006</ref>

Ishant toured [[England cricket team|England]] with the [[India U-19 cricket team|India Under-19s]] in 2006 and Pakistan in 2006–07. He played three youth tests and six youth One Day Internationals for India. On the basis of his strong performance in Australia in 2008, Ishant Sharma was bought for a winning bid of $950,000 by [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] in the player auction for the [[Indian Premier League]]. This was the highest amount paid for any bowler in the tournament.

On 15 February 2018, it was officially announced that Ishant will join [[Sussex County Cricket Club|Sussex CCC]] for the first two months of the 2018 county season, available from 4 April to 4 June 2018, thus making him the 9th Indian to play for Sussex.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sussexcricket.co.uk/news/ishant-sharma-signs-sussex|title=Ishant Sharma signs for Sussex|publisher=Sussex County Cricket Club|access-date=15 February 2018}}</ref>

==International career==
[[File:Ishant Sharma 2.JPG|thumb|left|upright|Ishant Sharma in 2008]]
In May 2007, Sharma was selected in the [[Test Cricket|test]] team for the [[Bangladesh]] tour and played as a replacement for the fast bowler [[Munaf Patel]]. Over there he played for his national side in the second test where he bowled three overs including one maiden and conceded only five runs without taking a wicket.<ref>[http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/cbs/content/story/294692.html Ishant Sharma to replace injured Munaf], by Anand Vasu, Cricinfo, 18 May 2007</ref> Later on, he was called for the [[Indian cricket team in England in 2007|tour of England]] in July–August 2007.

Sharma got a call back in the team in the 3rd Test during Pakistan's tour of India in December 2007 due to injury of India's frontline pacers [[Zaheer Khan]], [[RP Singh]], and [[Sreesanth]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Pathan, VRV and Ishant drafted in|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/cbs/content/story/323852.html|work=ESPNcricinfo|date=5 December 2007}}</ref> Sharma picked up 5 wickets during the third test in [[Bangalore]].<ref>[http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/cbs/content/story/324821.html Misbah and Ishant light up the day], by Dilip Premchandran, Cricinfo, 11 December 2007</ref> This performance earned him a place in India's squad for the tour of [[Australia cricket team|Australia]].

Sharma was left out in the [[Boxing Day]] Test at [[Melbourne Cricket Ground|Melbourne]] during the [[Border–Gavaskar Trophy]] as India retained their main fast bowlers, Zaheer Khan and RP Singh. However, in January 2008 Sharma was called to represent India once again to replace the injured Zaheer Khan in the second test at the [[Sydney Cricket Ground|SCG]]. Sharma started the first day of the match strongly and was involved in a controversial decision from [[Steve Bucknor]] when [[Andrew Symonds]] nicked the ball to keeper [[MS Dhoni]] off his bowling but was given not out. He bowled reasonably in the match, however without much luck.

Although he had little success, the management retained him for the third Test match at Perth. On the fourth day of the match, he bowled an exceptional spell to Australian captain [[Ricky Ponting]] that resulted in his wicket and helped India claim victory.<ref>[http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/cbs/content/story/332404.html Ishant savour spell to Ponting], by Siddharth Vaidyanathan, Cricinfo, 20 January 2008</ref> He used the pace and bounce of the [[WACA Ground|WACA]] wicket to trouble the batsmen. In the following test played in [[Adelaide Oval|Adelaide]] he picked up two wickets and impressed everyone with his bowling. He finished the tour of Australia with figures of 6/358, an average of 59.66 and a strike rate of 101.0.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/236779.html?class=1;host=2;template=results;type=bowling;view=innings |title=Bowling records | Test matches | Cricinfo Statsguru | ESPN Cricinfo |publisher=Stats.espncricinfo.com |access-date=2013-03-30}}</ref>

On 10 February 2008, Sharma bagged four important wickets in the 4th ODI of [[CB Series]] against Australia. He ended the match with figures of 4/38 and named Man of the Match.<ref>[http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/cbs/engine/match/291362.html Australia v India, 10 February 2008, MCG], by Cricinfo, 10 February 2008</ref> He scalped two important wickets on 18 February 2008 versus Australia in the 7th ODI of CB series.<ref>[http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/cbs/engine/match/291365.html Australia v India, 18 February 2008, Adelaide Oval], by Cricinfo, 18 February 2008</ref>

During the 2008 Test series against [[Australian cricket team in India in 2008–09|Australia in India]], Ishant was the leading wicket-taker, with 16, and was named man-of-the-series as India won 2–0. He thereby became the first Indian paceman to win such an award in a Test series on Indian soil after Kapil Dev who won the award in 1983. He was noted for achieving [[reverse swing]] on balls sometimes as young as eight overs, and along with senior opening bowler Zaheer Khan, troubled the touring Australians.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/10/22/2398331.htm |title=Aussies bamboozled by Sultans of Swing |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |date=22 October 2008 |access-date=23 September 2009}}</ref> He took Australian captain Ricky Ponting's wicket three times during the series, and six times in as many Tests, making the Indian press label Ponting as Ishant's bunny.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.espnstar.com/cricket/international-cricket/news/detail/item139046/Ishant-has-a-new-bunny-in-Ponting/ |title=Ishant has a new bunny in Ponting |publisher=Espnstar.com |date=20 October 2008 |access-date=23 September 2009 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120731114403/http://www.espnstar.com/cricket/international-cricket/news/detail/item139046/Ishant-has-a-new-bunny-in-Ponting/ |archive-date=31 July 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

However, in 2009, Ishant's form slumped, and he was dropped for the second Test against Sri Lanka, replaced by [[Sreesanth]].

On 5 October 2010, Ishant helped [[VVS Laxman]] pull off a highly unlikely win over Australia by one wicket in the first Test in Mohali after India had fallen to 8/124 in pursuit of 205. Ishant provided Laxman with support during an 81-run partnership in which he contributed 31 valuable runs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Recent Match Report - Australia vs India 1st Test 2010 {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/13112/report/464526/india-vs-australia-1st-test-australia-tour-of-india-sep-oct-2010-2010-11|access-date=2020-09-10|website=www.espncricinfo.com|language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Ishant Sharma bowling.JPG|thumb|right|upright|Sharma bowling in the nets in 2008]]
In the 2011 IPL auction, Sharma was bought by the [[Deccan Chargers]]; he hoped that his performance in the competition would give him a chance to impress selectors and push for selection in India's ODI team.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/indian-premier-league-2011/content/story/509841.html |title=Ishant hopes to launch comeback through IPL |publisher=Cricinfo |date=7 April 2011 |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref> From 12 matches, Sharma took 11 wickets at an average of 28.54.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/indian-premier-league-2011/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=5969;type=tournament |title=Indian Premier League, 2011 / Records / Most wickets |publisher=Cricinfo |access-date=17 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213164400/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/indian-premier-league-2011/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=5969%3Btype%3Dtournament |archive-date=13 February 2012 }}</ref> A month after the IPL, which was held in April and May, India toured the West Indies for [[Indian cricket team in the West Indies in 2011|five ODIs and three Tests]]. Several senior players were rested from the ODI side and others absent through injury; this mostly affected the batsmen but Zaheer Khan missed the ODI series.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/west-indies-v-india-2011/content/story/517345.html| title=Opportunity for fringe players – Raina |publisher=Cricinfo |date=31 May 2011 |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref> India won the first three ODIs, and Sharma was called into the team for the fourth, his first ODI since August 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/100/100673/One-Day_International_Matches.html |title=One-Day International matches played by Ishant Sharma |publisher=CricketArchive |access-date=17 January 2012 |archive-date=25 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625001933/http://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/100/100673/One-Day_International_Matches.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/west-indies-v-india-2011/content/story/518866.html |title=Determined West Indies ease to consolation win |first=Sidharth |last=Monga |publisher=Cricinfo |date=13 June 2011 |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref> He managed one wicket from two matches in the series while conceding 109 runs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=6338;type=series |title=Records / India in West Indies ODI Series, 2011 / Most wickets |publisher=Cricinfo |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref> The first Test resulted in a win for India and Sharma took three wickets in each innings.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/314/314921.html |title=f53268 t1997 West Indies v India: India in West Indies 2011 (1st Test) |publisher=CricketArchive |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref> He claimed his 100th Test wicket in the second Test, becoming the fifth youngest to reach the landmark; the fixture was also the first time he took [[ten wickets in a match]] for India.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/west-indies-v-india-2011/content/story/522002.html |title=Simons pleased with Ishant's resurgence |publisher=Cricinfo |date=5 July 2011 |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/west-indies-v-india-2011/content/story/521448.html |title=Ishant cherishes success after gloom |publisher=Cricinfo |first=Sriram |last=Veera |date=30 June 2011 |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref> The second and third Tests ended in draws and India won the series 1–0;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/west-indies-v-india-2011/content/series/489197.html?template=fixtures |title=India tour of West Indies, 2011 / Fixtures |publisher=Cricinfo |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref> Sharma was the leading wicket-taker on either side with 22 dismissals at an average of 16.86.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=6340;type=series |title=Records / India in West Indies Test Series, 2011 / Most wickets |publisher=Cricinfo |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref>

After the tour of West Indies, India suffer a run of eight consecutive defeats in away Tests. In July and August the team played four Tests [[Indian cricket team in England in 2011|in England]]. England inflicted a 4–0 whitewash on India,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/england-v-india-2011/content/story/529033.html |title=Swann's six completes India's humiliation |first=Andrew |last=McGlashan |publisher=Cricinfo |date=22 August 2011 |access-date=17 February 2012}}</ref> and in the process replaced India as No. 1 ranked Test team.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/england-v-india-2011/content/story/527348.html |title=England dethrone India to become No.1 |publisher=Cricinfo |date=13 August 2011 |access-date=17 February 2012}}</ref> Playing in all four matches, Sharma managed 11 wickets at an average pushing 60.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=6112;type=series |title=Records / Pataudi Trophy, 2011 / Most wickets |publisher=Cricinfo |access-date=17 February 2012}}</ref> During the series Sharma suffered an ankle injury and missed the ODI leg, but was sufficiently recovered to face the West Indies [[West Indian cricket team in India in 2011–12|in November]] when India hosted them for three Tests.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/story/540328.html |title=Don't think I need ankle surgery – Ishant |publisher=Cricinfo |date=13 November 2011 |access-date=17 February 2012}}</ref> While India won 2–0, Sharma managed five wickets from three matches at a cost of in excess of 65 runs each.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=6930;type=series |title=Records / West Indies in India Test Series, 2011/12 / Most wickets |publisher=Cricinfo |access-date=17 February 2012}}</ref> Sharma played in all four Tests of India's [[Indian cricket team in Australia in 2011–12|tour of Australia in 2011–12]]. India lost the series 4–0, while Sharma took five wickets at the cost of 451 runs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=6636;type=series|title=Records / Border-Gavaskar Trophy, 2011/12 / Most wickets|publisher=Cricinfo|access-date=28 January 2012}}</ref>

In March 2012, Sharma underwent surgery on his ankle which had been troubling him for over a year. The operation meant that he missed the 2012 IPL.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/indian-premier-league-2012/content/story/558851.html |title=Ankle surgery rules Ishant Sharma out of IPL |publisher=Cricinfo |date=26 March 2012 |access-date=26 March 2012}}</ref>

In 2013 Ind vs. Aus ODI series, he gave away 30 runs in an over, equalling the most expensive over by an Indian bowler and joining [[Yuvraj Singh]], who himself had previously conceded 30 runs in an ODI match against England in 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/278847.html|title=Record for most expensive over in ODI cricket-Ishant Sharma at No. 11 position |publisher=Cricinfo |date=11 November 2013 |access-date=11 November 2013}}</ref>

After some bad performances against Australia in 2013 ODI series, he came back strongly against South Africa taking 4/40 in the third ODI on 11 December 2013 at [[SuperSport Park]], which was his 2nd best performance in ODIs.<ref>{{cite news|title=We lost but have some positives to take as well: Ishant Sharma|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/sport/report-we-lost-but-have-some-positives-to-take-as-well-ishant-sharma-1933741|access-date=22 July 2014|work=DNA|date=12 December 2013}}</ref>

In the [[Indian cricket team in England in 2014|2014 tour of England]], Sharma secured his career-best figures of 7/74 at the [[Lord's]], with an aggressive spell in England's second innings, bowling India to a 95-run win.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hopps|first1=David|title=Ishant's seven destroys England|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/england-v-india-2014/content/story/762777.html|access-date=2 September 2015|work=ESPNcricinfo|date=21 July 2014}}</ref> During the first test of the series, Sharma suffered the slight ignominy of becoming [[Alastair Cook]]'s sole Test wicket when caught down the leg side.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Pringle|first1=Derek|title=England v India: Alastair Cook's bowling spell provides light relief as tourists bat their way to draw at Trent Bridge|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/cricket/international/england/10964749/England-v-India-Alastair-Cooks-bowling-spell-provides-light-relief-as-tourists-bat-their-way-to-draw-at-Trent-Bridge.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/cricket/international/england/10964749/England-v-India-Alastair-Cooks-bowling-spell-provides-light-relief-as-tourists-bat-their-way-to-draw-at-Trent-Bridge.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=23 October 2015|work=Telegraph|date=13 July 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref> India finished the series losing 3–1. He finished the [[Indian cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2015|2015 three-match Test series in Sri Lanka]] with 13 wickets, including a 5-wicket haul in the third Test at [[Sinhalese Sports Club Ground|SSC]]. At the end of the match, he was handed a one-match ban by the [[International Cricket Council]] (ICC), following an altercation with [[Dhammika Prasad]] in the course of the match.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ishant, Prasad, Chandimal and Thirimanne charged by ICC|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/sri-lanka-v-india-2015/content/story/916261.html|access-date=2 September 2015|work=ESPNcricinfo|date=1 September 2015}}</ref> The series also saw him pick his 200th wicket in Tests.<ref>{{cite web|title=India vs Sri Lanka, Day 5 Stats: Ishant Sharma joins 200 club|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/india-vs-sri-lanka-day-5-stats-ishant-sharma-joins-200-club/|website=The Indian Express|date=2 September 2015|access-date=4 September 2015}}</ref> India won the series 2–1.

Ishant Sharma has sustained an injury on his right hand during the World Test Championship (WTC) final against New Zealand at the Ageas Bowl in Southampton..

According to PTI, Ishant Sharma had multiple stitches on his middle and fourth finger in his right hand<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=June 25, 2021 |title=Ishant Sharma sustains injury in WTC final against New Zealand, gets stitches on his right hand|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ishant-sharma-injury-india-vs-new-zealand-england-series-southampton-london-wtc-final-1819055-2021-06-24|access-date=2021-08-27|magazine=India Today|language=en}}</ref>

In August 2018, during the fourth Test [[Indian cricket team in England in 2018|against England]], Sharma took his 250th Test wicket.<ref name="IS250">{{cite web|url=https://www.cricketcountry.com/news/india-vs-england-4th-test-day-1-ishant-sharma-seventh-indian-to-complete-250-test-wickets-740504 |title=Ishant Sharma seventh Indian to complete 250 Test wickets |work=Cricket Country |date=30 August 2018 |access-date=30 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="sports.ndtv.com">{{Cite web|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/england-vs-india-2018/india-vs-england-ishant-sharma-equals-kapil-devs-record-in-england-1913715|title=India vs England: Ishant Sharma Equals Kapil Dev's Record in England | Cricket News}}</ref> In the fifth test, he took 3 wickets in England's first innings and thereby equaled [[Kapil Dev]]'s record of taking the most wickets by an Indian bowler in England. He finished the series as the second-highest wicket taker, with 18 wickets.<ref name="sports.ndtv.com"/> In following India's tour of Australia, he took 11 wickets in the first 3 tests, before being ruled out of the final test due to an injury.{{citation needed|date=September 2021}}

In August 2019, Ishant took his 9th Test 5-wicket haul against West Indies in the 1st Test match of [[Indian cricket team in the West Indies and the United States in 2019|India tour of West Indies 2019]], at the [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]], with figures of 5/43 in the 1st innings.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ishant-sharma-1st-test-day-2-india-vs-west-indies-5-wicket-haul-ravindra-jadeja-antigua-1590999-2019-08-24|title=1st Test: All-round Ishant Sharma puts India on top vs West Indies in Antigua|work=India Today|access-date=24 August 2019}}</ref> In the 2nd Test match of the same series, batting at No.9, Ishant hit his first half-century in Test Cricket.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 1, 2019|first=Saurabh |last=Kumar|title=India vs West Indies: Ishant Sharma hits maiden fifty in 92nd Test|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/india-vs-west-indies-ishant-sharma-hits-maiden-fifty-in-92nd-test-1593976-2019-09-01|access-date=2020-09-10|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> In February 2021, Ishant completed his 100th Test match against England in the third Test match (2nd day/night Test in India) of England Tour of India, at the Motera Stadium <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportstiger.com/rather-than-captain-understanding-me-i-need-to-understand-the-captain-ishant-sharma |title=Ishant Sharma all charged up for the 100th Test |work=sportstiger.com |date=22 February 2021 |access-date=24 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2016059 |title=Ishant Sharma to join India's elite 100-Test club |work=icc-cricket.com | access-date=24 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ishant-sharma-on-100-it-was-important-that-i-understood-captains-psyche-7199691 |title=Milestone-man Ishant Sharma better than before |work=indianexpress.com |date=23 February 2021 |access-date=24 February 2021}}</ref> Ishant Sharma became only the 4th Indian bowler to play 100 test matches, the legendary Kapil Dev being the only other fast bowler to achieve the feat.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ishant Sharma plays his 100th test| url=https://sixsports.in/india-vs-england-3rd-test-day-1-axar-patel-stars-for-india/ |website=sixsports.in |date=25 February 2021}}</ref>

==Bowling style==
A right arm fast-medium bowler, the speed of Sharma's bowling has diminished since he emerged on the international scene,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/england-v-india-2011/content/story/528990.html |title=Varun Aaron says he won't compromise on pace |publisher=Cricinfo |date=22 August 2011 |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref> although in 2008 he bowled a delivery at over {{convert|152|km/h}}.<ref name="fastest ball">{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/cbs/content/current/story/337514.html|title =Australia clinch low-scoring scrap overview|publisher=Cricinfo|access-date=17 February 2008}}</ref> Such occurrences were not the norm as his pace dropped to around {{convert|130|km/h|abbr=on}}, but under [[Eric Simons]] (who was India's bowling coach from 2010 to 2012) Sharma was regularly bowling in excess of {{convert|140|km/h|abbr=on}} when India toured Australia in 2011/12.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/bdeshvind2010/content/story/443217.html |title=India confirm Simons as bowling consultant |publisher=Cricinfo |date=11 January 2010 |access-date=17 February 2012}}</ref><ref name=Simons>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/current/story/554070.html |first=Sidharth |last=Monga |title=Ishant is one of the unluckiest bowlers – Eric Simons |publisher=Cricinfo |date=17 February 2012 |access-date=17 February 2012}}</ref> According to India's former bowling coach [[Venkatesh Prasad]] he is amongst the most dedicated bowler in India's set up.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/west-indies-v-india-2011/content/story/517686.html |title=Tide is high for India's young and restless |first=Sriram |last=Veera |publisher=Cricinfo |date=3 June 2011 |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref>

Simons noted height was a factor in the length Sharma bowled, saying "For Ishant to hit the stumps, he has to pitch it fuller, and that means the batsman has more chance of keeping it out".<ref name=Simons/> Former West Indies fast bowler [[Courtney Walsh]] identified two problems with Sharma's [[bowling action]]: his head drops when the ball is delivered and the position of his wrist varies. The first takes some of the speed out of the delivery, while the second reduces the chance of the ball [[seam bowling|seaming]] and [[swing bowling|swinging]]. The former India batsman [[Sanjay Manjrekar]] suggested that the lack of movement in Sharma's bowling discouraged him from [[Line and length|pitching the ball up]] so instead, he tends to bowl [[Short of a length|short]]. The slower pace of his bowling when he pitches the ball up may explain why the [[yorker]] is not an effective delivery for him. Manjrekar went further, saying that "for all his talent and commitment he just does not take enough wickets"; when the remark was made in January 2012, Sharma had a [[bowling average]] of nearly 37 from 43 Tests.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/magazine/content/story/548557.html |title=The truth about 'unlucky' Ishant |publisher=Cricinfo |date=11 January 2012 |first=Sanjay |last=Manjrekar |access-date=17 January 2012}}</ref>

Former Australian great, [[Glenn McGrath]], feels Ishant is more of a workhorse than a strike bowler and needs to figure out his role in the Indian team, but he is happy that Ishant is slowly adapting to conditions, commenting "When Ishant started off, he took the world by storm bowling good pace. He is probably not bowling at the same pace. But he is much more experienced now with good control. The Edgbaston Test showed that Ishant has started adopting a bit more". McGrath also acknowledged the fact that playing on sub-continent tracks might have contributed to a not so impressive record of Ishant and believes that Ishant has to hit the seam more often, saying "You have got to hit the seam and maybe a bit of movement off the pitch will help. My weapon was bounce and occasionally a bit of seam movement"<ref>{{cite news|title=Ishant Sharma needs to figure out his role in the team: Glenn McGrath|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-in-england/ishant-sharma-needs-to-figure-out-his-role-in-the-team-glenn-mcgrath/articleshow/65294193.cms|work=PTI|date=6 August 2018}}</ref>

==IPL career==
Ishant Sharma played for [[Kings XI Punjab]] in the [[Indian Premier League]]. In December 2018, he was bought by the [[Delhi Capitals]] in the [[List of 2019 Indian Premier League personnel changes|player auction]] for the [[2019 Indian Premier League]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/25390461/ipl-2019-auction-was-sold-whom |title=IPL 2019 auction: The list of sold and unsold players |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=18 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/ipl/top-stories/ipl-auction-2019-who-got-whom/articleshow/67144375.cms |title=IPL 2019 Auction: Who got whom |work=The Times of India |access-date=18 December 2018}}</ref>

== Personal life ==

Sharma comes from a [[Brahmin]] family.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.crictracker.com/i-have-given-all-that-up-ishant-sharma-discloses-the-sacrifices-he-made-to-stay-fit/|title = 'I have given all that up' - Ishant Sharma discloses the sacrifices he made to stay fit|date = 3 October 2019}}</ref> On 10 December 2016, he married Indian basketball player [[Pratima Singh]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Ishant Sharma, Pratima Singh tie the knot, MS Dhoni, Yuvraj Singh attend|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ishant-sharma-pratima-singh-wedding-ms-dhoni-yuvraj-singh-inside-pics-4420064/|work=The Indian Express|date=10 December 2016}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cricinfo|id=236779}}
* [http://www.wisdenindia.com/player/India/Ishant-Sharma/3321.html Ishant Sharma]'s profile page on Wisden
* [http://www.ishantworld.com Ishant Sharma official website]

{{India Squad 2013 ICC Champions Trophy}}
{{India Squad 2015 Cricket World Cup}}
{{Indians with 100 or more Test caps}}
{{Bowlers who have taken 300 or more wickets in Test cricket}}
{{Delhi cricket squad}}
{{Delhi Capitals squad}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sharma, Ishant}}
[[Category:1988 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Delhi cricketers]]
[[Category:Indian cricketers]]
[[Category:India Test cricketers]]
[[Category:India One Day International cricketers]]
[[Category:India Twenty20 International cricketers]]
[[Category:Deccan Chargers cricketers]]
[[Category:Delhi Capitals cricketers]]
[[Category:Kolkata Knight Riders cricketers]]
[[Category:North Zone cricketers]]
[[Category:India Blue cricketers]]
[[Category:India Red cricketers]]
[[Category:Sunrisers Hyderabad cricketers]]
[[Category:Cricketers from Delhi]]
[[Category:Rising Pune Supergiant cricketers]]
[[Category:Sussex cricketers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Arjuna Award]]

Indian general election, 1951–52

2023-03-14T16:12:12Z

Wasim4gold: Contributed a new addition to the platform.

#REDIRECT [[1951–52 Indian general election]]

{{R from move}}

Battle of Attock

2022-06-15T07:17:16Z

Wasim4gold: Created an inspiring manuscript.

#REDIRECT [[Battle of Attock (1813)]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
}}

BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement

2022-01-09T23:58:42Z

Wasim4gold: Generated a new page.

{{Short description|International fiscal framework}}
{{use dmy dates}}
The '''BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement''' ('''CRA''') is a framework for the provision of support through liquidity and precautionary instruments in response to actual or potential short-term balance of payments pressures.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brics.itamaraty.gov.br/media2/press-releases/220-treaty-for-the-establishment-of-a-brics-contingent-reserve-arrangement-fortaleza-july-15|title=Treaty for the Establishment of a BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement|access-date=23 July 2015|work=Government of Brazil|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925234418/http://brics.itamaraty.gov.br/media2/press-releases/220-treaty-for-the-establishment-of-a-brics-contingent-reserve-arrangement-fortaleza-july-15|archive-date=25 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> It was established in 2015 by the [[BRICS]] countries: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The legal basis is formed by the ''Treaty for the Establishment of a BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement'', signed at [[Fortaleza]], Brazil on 15 July 2014. It entered into force upon ratification by all BRICS states, announced at the [[7th BRICS summit]] in July 2015.

The objective of this reserve is to provide protection against global liquidity pressures.<ref name="allabout">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2014/07/17/what-the-new-bank-of-brics-is-all-about/|title=What the new bank of BRICS is all about|newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=20 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="ready">{{cite news |url = http://in.rbth.com/economics/2014/07/10/brics_bank_ready_for_launch_-_russian_finance_minister_36599.html |title=BRICS Bank ready for launch - Russian Finance Minister |publisher= Russia & India Report |access-date=20 July 2014}}</ref><ref name="rics">{{cite news|url=http://in.rbth.com/world/2014/07/17/brics_currency_fund_to_protect_members_from_volatility_-_russias_top_ba_36767.html|title=BRICS currency fund to protect members from volatility - Russia's top banker|publisher= Russia & India Report|access-date=20 July 2014}}</ref> This includes currency issues where members' national currencies are being adversely affected by global financial pressures.<ref name="allabout"/><ref name="rics"/> The CRA is generally seen as a competitor to the [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF) and along with the [[New Development Bank]] is viewed as an example of increasing [[Global North and Global South|South]]-South cooperation.<ref name="allabout"/>

The capital of $100 billion is distributed as follows:<ref name="bp">{{cite web |title = BRICS Development bank top on Agenda of 6th BRICS Summit |url = http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/07/brics-development-bank-top-on-agenda-of-6th-brics-summit/ |work=IANS |publisher=news.biharprabha.com |access-date=15 July 2014}}</ref> The maximum access states can request from the Arrangement is half (China) to twice the amount of capital contributed.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right"
! Country !! Capital contribution<ref name="bp"/> (billion USD) !! Access to Funds (billion USD) !! Voting Rights (%)<ref>http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?id=20140719000069&cid=1203{{Dead link|bot=TheWikiExpert |fix-attempted=yes }} Beijing dominates voting rights of BRICS reserve pool</ref>
|-
| align=left|'''{{BRA}}''' || 18 || 18 || 18.10
|-
| align=left|'''{{CHN}}''' || 41 || 21 || 39.95
|-
| align=left|'''{{IND}}''' || 18 || 18 || 18.10
|-
| align=left|'''{{RUS}}''' || 18 || 18 || 18.10
|-
| align=left|'''{{RSA}}''' || 5 || 10 || 5.75
|-class="sortbottom"
| align=left|'''''Grand Total''''' || 100 || 85 || 100.00
|}

The arrangement is scheduled to start lending in 2016.<ref name="ready" />

==See also==
*[[New Development Bank]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150925234418/http://brics.itamaraty.gov.br/media2/press-releases/220-treaty-for-the-establishment-of-a-brics-contingent-reserve-arrangement-fortaleza-july-15 Text of the Arrangement]

[[Category:BRICS]]
[[Category:International finance institutions]]

Abbas Siddique

2021-03-07T17:07:11Z

Wasim4gold: Father name

{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = Pirzada
| name = Abbas Siddique
| Father name। = Ali Akbar Siddique
| image = 
| alt = 
| caption =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1986}}
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| nationality = India
| other_names =
| occupation = Cleric
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| notable_works =
| organization = [[Indian Secular Front]]
}}

Pirzada '''Abbas Siddique''' is an Indian cleric and the head of Muslim shrine Furfura Sharif.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2021-02-28|title=Mamata Banerjee Created Hindu-Muslim Divide, Did More Harm Than Good to Muslims: ISF's Abbas Siddiqui|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/mamata-banerjee-created-hindu-muslim-divide-did-more-harm-than-good-to-muslims-isfs-abbas-siddiqui-3349511.html|date=27 January 2021|website=News18}}</ref> Siddique is the founder of Furfura Sharif Ahale Sunnatul Jamat and formed [[Indian Secular Front]] in January 2021.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2021-02-28|title=Explained: Spotlight on a Muslim cleric, election pointers in West Bengal|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/spotlight-on-muslim-cleric-pirzada-abbas-siddiqui-election-pointers-in-bengal-7194843/|date=24 February 2021}}</ref> He is the scion of the Siddiqui family, which is the custodian of the famous Furfura Sharif shrine.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2021-02-28|title=Popular Muslim cleric Abbas Siddiqui floats new political party in Bengal|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/popular-muslim-cleric-abbas-siddiqui-floats-new-political-party-in-bengal-101611236598916.html|date=21 January 2021|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

==Controversies==
Siddique has been infamous for his incendiary rhetoric, fear-mongering and calls for 'divine intervention' for the death of 50 crore Indians.<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=2021-03-03|title=Bombs, shotguns recovered from ISF worker's house in West Bengal|url=http://www.opindia.com/2021/03/bombs-shotguns-recovered-from-isf-workers-house-in-west-bengal/|date=3 March 2021}}</ref> He was seen addressing a large gathering of followers and praying to Allah to kill 50 crore Indians with the virus.

On February 26, 2020, a video of Siddique had gone viral on social media in which he was heard referring to anti-Hindu Delhi riots and saying: {{quote|Recently I have got the news that mosques are being set on fire, mosques are being burnt for the last two days. I think something is going to happen within a month. May Allah accept our prayers. May Allah send such a terrible virus to India that ten to twenty to fifty crore people die in India. Am I saying something wrong? It is absolutely blissful.}} He also said that he did not mind whether he would die or survive but he would surely take Hindus with him. However, he later claimed that he was quoted 'out of context'.<ref name="OPIN">{{cite web|accessdate=2021-03-03|title=Meet Abbas Siddiqui: The Islamist ally of Congress, Left in West Bengal|url=http://www.opindia.com/2021/03/abbas-siddiqui-radical-cleric-peerzada-indian-secular-front-left-congress-ally-west-bengal/|date=1 March 2021}}</ref>

In 2019, after the Indian government passed the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), Siddiqui claimed that the citizenship law was unfair to the Muslim population of the country and threatened to block Kolkata airport if the law was not revoked. He urged Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee to either move the Supreme Court or bring a resolution against CAA in State Assembly or else risk losing the support of Muslims in West Bengal.<ref name="OPIN" />

==See also==
*[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]

==References==
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[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1986 births]]