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Bokakhat Assembly constituency

2026-05-04T12:24:51Z

Vijaysakumedia: creating the stub v1

{{Short description|Constituency of the Assam legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Bokakhat
| constituency_no = 105
| type = SLA
| map_image = Bokakhat Assembly constituency map 2023.svg
| state = [[Assam]]
| latest_election_year =
| loksabha_cons = [[Kaziranga Lok Sabha constituency|Kaziranga]]
| established = 1962
| district = [[Golaghat district|Golaghat]]
| reservation = None
| incumbent_image =
| mla =
| party =
| alliance =
| electors =
}}
'''Bokakhat Assembly constituency''' is one of the 126 assembly constituencies of [[Assam Legislative Assembly]]. Bokakhat forms part of the [[Kaziranga Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eci.gov.in/Documents/Delimitation/DELIMITATIONASSAM_UPDATED.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies of State of Assam|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|access-date = 2025-11-28}}</ref><ref name=ceo>{{cite web |url=http://www.ceoassam.nic.in/information/pdf/2_PC%20wise%20LAC%20breakup.pdf |title=List of Assembly constituencies showing their Parliamentary constituences wise break-up |website=www.ceoassam.nic.in| access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref><ref name=ceomap>{{cite web |url=http://www.ceoassam.nic.in/information/pdf/3_Assembly_HPC_wise_MapA1.pdf |title=Map of Assam showing District-wise assembly and Parliamentary constituencies |website=www.ceoassam.nic.in| access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref>

==Town Details==

Following are details on Bokakhat Assembly constituency<ref name="bo ref2">{{cite news |title=Bokakhat Election 2021: Assembly Elections News, Bokakhat Constituency, Vidhan Sabha Seat |url=https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2021/assam/bokakhat-election-result-s03a093/ |access-date=21 November 2021 |publisher=News18 |date=2 May 2021}}</ref>-

*Country: India.
* State: Assam.
* District: Golaghat district .
* Lok Sabha Constituency: Kaliabor Lok Sabha/Parliamentary constituency..
* Assembly Categorisation: Rural
* Literacy Level: 91.27%.
* Eligible Electors as per 2021 General Elections: 1,47,487 Eligible Electors. Male Electors:73,798 . Female Electors: 73,686 .
* Geographic Co-Ordinates: 26°44'54.2"N 93°50'06.7"E.
* Total Area Covered: 1307 square kilometres.
* Area Includes: Bokakhat thana; Mahura mouza in Golaghat thana; and Rangamati mouza in Dergaon thana in Golaghat sub-division, of Golaghat district of Assam.
* Inter State Border : Golaghat.
* Number Of Polling Stations: Year 2011-166, Year 2016-166, Year 2021-93.

==Members of Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="2" |Election
!Member
!Party affiliation
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[1962 Assam Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
|Narendranath Sarma
| rowspan="5" |[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[1967 Assam Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|Lakheswar Das
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[1972 Assam Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|Tulsi Das
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[1978 Assam Legislative Assembly election|1978]]
|Chatra Gopal Karmakar
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[1983 Assam Legislative Assembly election|1983]]
|Dharmeshwar Hazarika
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Independent}}" |
|[[1985 Assam Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
|Balobhadra Tamuly
|[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[1991 Assam Legislative Assembly election|1991]]
| rowspan="2" |Bhupendra Nath Bhuyan
| rowspan="2" |[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[1996 Assam Legislative Assembly election|1996]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Independent}}" |
|[[2001 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
| rowspan="2" |Jiten Gogoi
| rowspan="2" |[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Independent}}" |
|[[2006 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[2011 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|Arun Phukan
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Asom Gana Parishad}}" |
|[[2016 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Atul Bora (AGP politician)|Atul Bora]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Asom Gana Parishad]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Asom Gana Parishad}}" |
|[[2021 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|-
| style="background-color: {{party color|Asom Gana Parishad}}" |
|[[2026 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
|-
|}

== Election results ==
=== 2026 ===

{{Election box begin|title= [[2026 Assam Legislative Assembly election]]: Bokakhat}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[Atul Bora]]|party=Asom Gana Parishad|votes= |percentage= |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate= Hari Prasad Saikia |party=Raijor Dal |votes= |percentage= |change= }}

{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate= |party= |votes= |percentage= |change= }}

{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate= |party= |votes= |percentage= |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes= |percentage= |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes= |percentage= |change=}}
{{Election box turnout |votes= |percentage= |change=}}
{{Election box rejected|votes=|percentage= }}{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = |change = }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=|loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

===2021===
{{Election box begin |title=[[2021 Assam Legislative Assembly election]]: Bokakhat<ref name=election2021>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13620-assam-general-legislative-election-2021/ |title=Assam General Legislative Election 2021 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |accessdate=13 November 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
||candidate=[[Atul Bora]]
|party=Asom Gana Parishad
|votes= 72,930
|percentage= 60.56
|change=+1.02}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate= Pranab Doley
|party= Independent (politician)
|votes= 27,749
|percentage= 23.04
|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate= Jiten Gogoi
|party= Independent (politician)
|votes= 5,550
|percentage= 4.61
|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=2,482|percentage=2.06|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=45,181|percentage=30.55|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes= 1,20,427|percentage=81.45|change=-4.49}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 1,47,846
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Asom Gana Parishad
|loser =
|swing = +1.02
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2016===
{{Election box begin |title=[[2016 Assam Legislative Assembly election]]: Bokakhat<ref name=election2016>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4017-assam-general-legislative-election-2016/ |title=Assam General Legislative Election 2016 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |accessdate=13 November 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Asom Gana Parishad
|candidate = Atul Bora
|votes = 62,962
|percentage = 59.54
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Arun Phukan
|votes = 22,769
|percentage = 21.53
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Anima Gogoi
|votes = 11,872
|percentage = 11.22
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 2,181
|percentage = 2.06
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 40,193
|percentage = 38.01
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,05 737
|percentage = 85.94
|change =
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 1,23,027
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Asom Gana Parishad
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Assam}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Assam]]
[[Category:Golaghat district]]
[[Category:Politics of Assam]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1962]]
[[Category:1962 establishments in Assam]]

Rajnarayan Chandavarkar

2026-05-02T16:55:44Z

Vijaysakumedia: pg

{{More citations needed|article|date=January 2008}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name =Rajnarayan Chandavarkar
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = 1953
| birth_place=
| death_date = 23 April 2006 (aged 53)
| death_place =
| fields =[[History]]
| alma_mater ={{Plainlist|
*[[Trinity College, Cambridge]]
}}
| notable_students =
}}

'''Rajnarayan Chandavarkar''' (1953 – 23 April 2006) was a reader in the history and politics of South Asia and fellow at Trinity College, Cambridge.

== Background ==
Chandavarkar's work engaged most directly with the processes involved in the formation of the industrial working classes in [[Mumbai]]. He worked toward defining a new interdisciplinary approach for understanding processes of urbanisation, the nexus between the city and the countryside, and the evolution of industrial capitalism. His insights prompted research on a wide range of topics in South Asian social history and politics. This was particularly evident in the work of the research students whom he supervised at Cambridge. A new generation of scholars, who now work in India, the United Kingdom, Israel, Japan, the United States and Canada owes much of its achievements to his mentorship. As a participant in seminars at Cambridge, in international conferences, and in other forms of academic gatherings, he provided inspiration for scholars in fields far removed from his own.

Chandavarkar grew up in Bombay before going to England for his advanced education. He completed the final years of his schooling at [[Lancing College]] in West Sussex. The rest of his academic career was closely connected to the [[University of Cambridge]] in England and to the city of Mumbai. He did his undergraduate studies at Gonville and Caius College from 1973 to 1976, where he was deeply influenced by [[Gareth Stedman Jones]], his undergraduate supervisor. He went on to finish his PhD under the direction of Anil Seal at [[Trinity College, Cambridge]]. He became a fellow at Trinity in 1979, and remained associated with the college until his death. He has also served as the director of the Centre for South Asian Studies at Cambridge since 2001. Despite his lifelong association with Cambridge, he maintained strong ties with India, retaining his Indian citizenship, returning frequently to visit and do research, and participating directly in circles related to his intellectual interests, his social commitments and cricket.

Beginning his research on Mumbai during the late 1970s, he quickly developed a strong command over the resources available in libraries such as the [[India Office]] Library, the Maharashtra State Archives and the Mumbai Police Archives. While he devoured historical materials, he never worshipped 'facts'. He interrogated his records, deconstructed evidence critically, and sought to unravel the wider social and political processes his data revealed. He thus moved far beyond the narrow confinement of a straightforward "empiricism". Nonetheless he was suspicious of any research not based upon the rigorous analysis of archival materials, and he exhorted his students to ground themselves solidly in their sources.

Rajnarayan Chandavarkar died of a sudden heart attack on 23 April 2006 at the [[Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center]] in [[Lebanon, New Hampshire]], USA. He had been attending a conference at nearby [[Dartmouth College]]. At the time of his death, he was fifty-two years old.

== Publications ==

Publications based upon his dissertation research began to appear in the early 1980s, and scholars of Mumbai's history awaited his study of the city and its working class with considerable anticipation. When ''The Origins of Industrial Capitalism'' (1994) first appeared in 1994, it was regarded with a sense of admiration, even awe, in some circles. The book was characterised by formidable research and represented a depth of local historical knowledge that went beyond anything that existed in the [[Labor history (discipline)|labour history]] of South Asia at the time. Origins challenged many existing interpretations; indeed it questioned the assumptions of what working class history should be. The study reached beyond the industrial workplace and trade unions into the larger [[informal economy]] of Mumbai, into the neighbourhoods where workers lived, and out to the rural areas, such as Ratnagiri and the Deccan, from which workers originated. The origins of capitalism, in Chandavarkar's view, lay not just in the initiatives of a few captains of industry but in a host of social forces that all played an active part in shaping the new economic structures of late colonial Mumbai.

''Origins'' was followed in 1998 by ''Imperial Power and Popular Politics''. This was a diverse range of essays on industrial capitalism, workers' politics, the police in Mumbai, the plague, colonial discourse and the nature of the colonial state. Some of these essays were as rich empirically as Origins, while others were thought-provoking interpretive pieces.

== Contributions ==
Together these two books and related articles set out coherent and fundamentally new ways of thinking about the history of western India and its economy. First, Chandavarkar's work offered new understandings of the processes of industrialisation and capitalist transformation. Rather than see the development of large-scale production as a simple matter of technological diffusion from Europe to India or as evidence of the triumph of entrepreneurial pioneers, Chandavarkar placed this process squarely within a historical context conditioned by imperialism, rural poverty, insecure markets, and the agency of workers. He argued that the formation of factories was often a risk-minimizing effort by almost marginal figures in the nineteenth century economy, men who were in positions of subordination to foreign businessmen in the export trades, who faced constant difficulties in mobilising capital, and who rushed around from one form of investment to another in hopes of making quick profits in this uncertain business climate. Chandavarkar especially highlighted the role of the workforce in conditioning the form of industrial capitalism in Mumbai. He saw industrialists and workers as participating in a common theatre of interaction; both sets of actors constrained the other's behaviour. Labour recruitment needs and workers' resistances consistently limited the power of capitalists to develop uniform policies that might have maximised profits; the strategies of industrialists served to promote divisions among their workers.

A second set of contributions in these studies lay in their analysis of the social organisation of the working class. He looked at social formations ranging from the workplace to urban neighbourhoods to the workers' rural-urban connections. His research went beyond most previous studies of labour, which had often attempted to identify some kind of solid, enduring structure – whether [[caste]], class, or place of origin – as the essence of working-class society. Chandavarkar viewed workers as involved in an extremely heterogeneous and constantly shifting set of relationships. For example, he thoroughly questioned the dominance of jobbers in working-class society, thus calling into question a major orthodoxy of labour history. He demonstrated that jobbers in Mumbai competed with other figures in workers' neighbourhoods, and their power was limited by their need to satisfy the requirements of their clients. Chandavarkar also argued that there was no straightforward tendency for class-based social ties to develop in the context of industrial employment. Indeed, the characteristics of the workplace and the competition of various leaderships for followings could produce new divisions as well as new unities. In its case for the diffuse, fragile and continuously changing character of social organisation, Chandavarkar's scholarship had profound implications for understanding urban society in South Asia more generally.

The third major area of contribution in these books concerned their understanding of working-class politics. Chandavarkar's work stretched beyond the usual studies of labour politics in that it explored not just workers' participation in trade unions and the [[Communist Party of India|Communist Party]] but also their involvement with the full range of groups and parties with which they became affiliated. This approach allowed him to question views that interpreted political developments as evidence of the continuous evolution of "[[class consciousness]]" or that, conversely, sought to explain the failure of workers to develop such commitments. Chandavarkar argued persuasively that workers' political affiliations and identities, including those of class, were dynamic and shifting, and were constantly being constructed in changing political contexts. As circumstances changed, workers moved between support for communist, nationalist and communalist organisations, between expressions of extensive activism and relative passivity.

== "Class" and "Culture" ==
The most controversial aspect of Origins and Imperial Power was perhaps their treatment of "culture". Chandavarkar reacted against approaches that attributed workers' behaviours to "traditional" commitments rooted in rural India. He insisted, for instance, that the maintenance of rural connections should be seen as a strategy for subsistence by workers rather than as evidence of emotional attachments held over from an earlier period. His dissatisfaction with any static representation of workers' culture led him to be a strong critic of some of the members of the [[Subaltern Studies]] group. Writing perhaps his most polemical piece in 1997, he insisted:

“Caste and kinship ties were vital to the social organization of workers: but so were the affinities of region and religion, workplace and neighbourhood, trade unions and political parties, all of which cut across each other. To insist that the culture of migrant workers was characterized by ‘strong primordial ties of community, language, religion, caste and kinship’ is to obscure the extent to which their interaction produced something quite different and it is to remain blind to the extent to which their ‘culture’ was also informed by work and by politics, and indeed, by the daily struggles of workplace and neighbourhood" (Chandavarkar 1997, p. 187).

But as historical research continued to develop more dynamic portraits of [[working class culture]] and identity, and as his own scholarship sought to appreciate the growth in enthusiasm on the part of workers for movements of regional [[chauvinism]] and communalism, Chandavarkar increasingly acknowledged the role of cultural phenomena and processes in his work and he encouraged his students to deal seriously with cultural issues.

Chandavarkar's most important recent work is his introduction (2004) to ''One Hundred Years, One Hundred Voices: The Millworkers of Girangaon'', Neera Adarkar and Meena Menon’s wonderful oral history of the [[Girangaon]] neighbourhood in Mumbai. This long essay proved to be far more than an ordinary introduction; it was an original work of research and a sweeping history of the working class in the city from the 1880s to the 1980s that may long remain the standard work on the subject. The essay focused primarily on the transformations of working class allegiances over time, from the height of trade union and Communist activity to the Samyukta Maharashtra and Shiv Sena movements to the Great Strike of 1982. Drawing upon the accounts provided by Adarkar and Menon, it offered a multifaceted explanation for these developments that addressed the rich popular culture of Girangaon, the role of capitalists, the appeals and strategies of different political parties and leaderships, and the workers' own actions and interests. The essay also highlighted the increasing political impotence of workers after 1982. It is probably the work that best reflects the evolution of Chandavarkar's scholarship in recent years. However, several other publications were still in process at the time of his death, including a [[Modern Asian Studies]] special issue on labour history he was editing (in which he will have an individual contribution on the decline of jobbers in Mumbai) and a long essay on colonialism and democracy. In recent years, he had become increasingly interested in the larger history of Mumbai. Less than twenty-four hours before his death, he gave a brilliant paper on the city from the seventeenth century to the present in the conference at Dartmouth. Other writing, unfortunately, was probably not so far along, and we fear that much of Chandavarkar's voluminous research in many different areas may now go unpublished.

== Legacy ==
Chandavarkar also left a rich legacy in South Asian history writing through his students. He mentored about eighteen research students. His intense personality and critical no-nonsense engagement with students' work could be initially overpowering for his tutees but also reflected rich and sincere intellectual mentoring. His relentless criticism often enabled students to develop their ideas more fruitfully and at the same time to form richer research insights. His iconoclasm also facilitated their abilities to question received wisdom about historical theories and his formidable engagement with archival material prepared them to treat evidence in original ways.

Chandavarkar's influence is reflected in research by his students in such diverse fields as the politics of the urban poor in the towns of Uttar Pradesh; the interplay of gender, class and community among jute workers in [[Bengal]]; and the shifting patterns of community formation and the development of Communism in [[Malabar (Northern Kerala)|Malabar]]. Many of his students explored labour history in the context of new perspectives such as the relationship between nationalism and labour radicalism in [[Solapur]], comparisons between Bengal's jute workers and Dundee's working classes in the context of British imperialism, and the meaning of class in the context of popular movements in the [[jute mill]] towns outside [[Calcutta]]. Others explored wider fields, including the language of politics and the ideological predilections of nationalists in [[Uttar Pradesh]], and the concerns of the urban middle class in [[Gujarat]] during the colonial period. A recent study of communalism in contemporary [[Ahmedabad]] sought to unravel the wider theoretical underpinnings of the role of ethnicity in politics. Others of his students have examined the making of regional identity in [[Orissa, India|Orissa]], the politics of [[Tamil Muslims]], and childhood and [[child labour in India]]. Through his students Chandavarkar not only mentored a new cohort of historians but stimulated scholarship in wide-ranging and eclectic fields, embracing the most diverse aspects of South Asian history.

On a more amusing note Chandavarkar had a reputation as a draconian taskmaster. Academic life in Cambridge was rich with the folklore of Chandavarkar's interesting and complex ways of handling his students. Indeed, according to rumour, one student of Chandavarkar hid under a bridge to evade him and another calibrated her movement in Trinity College by spotting his car. For his part Chandavarkar jokingly blamed his students for his proverbial ever-receding hairline. However, his students' loyalty and deeply held affection for their supervisor created lasting bonds between them and their intellectual mentor. He warned them not to rush for the most fashionable product in the market, and he encouraged them to explore beyond what is apparent. This serious, critical spirit of enquiry and refusal to compromise his own firmly held convictions remains a lasting legacy of Chandavarkar.

== References ==
* Subho Basu, Douglas Haynes, ''"Rajnarayan Chandavarkar (1953–2006): An Intellectual Biography"'', Economic and Political Weekly, Mumbai, June 2006.
* Rajnarayan Chandavarkar (1994), ''The Origins of Industrial Capitalism: Business Strategies and the Working Classes in Bombay, 1900–1940.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
* Rajnarayan Chandavarkar (1997), ‘The Making of the Indian Working Class’; E.P. Thompson and Indian History" History Workshop Journal, Spring 1997 (no. 43).
* Rajnarayan Chandavarkar (1998), ''Imperial Power and Popular Politics: Class, Resistance and The State in India, c. 1850–1950'', Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
* Rajnarayan Chandavarkar (2004), "From Neighbourhood to Nation: The Rise and Fall of the Left in Bombay's Girangaon in the Twentieth Century", introductory essay from Meena Menon and Neera Adarkar, ''One Hundred Years, One Hundred Voices: The Mill Workers of Girangaon: An Oral History'', Calcutta: Seagull Books, 2004.

== Other Links ==
* [http://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/ Trinity College, Cambridge]
* [https://www.s-asian.cam.ac.uk/ Centre of South Asian Studies, University of Cambridge]
* [https://archive.today/20070106043055/http://www.ssrc.org/programs/southasia/rajchandavarkar.page Social Science Research Council Memoriam by Itty Abraham ]
* [https://dcubed.blogspot.com/2006/05/remembering-raj.html Tribute by Dilip D'Souza]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chandavarkar, Rajnarayan}}
[[Category:1953 births]]
[[Category:2006 deaths]]
[[Category:Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Indian Hindus]]
[[Category:Historians of Southeast Asia]]
[[Category:Historians of South Asia]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to England]]
[[Category:Indian institute directors]]
[[Category:People educated at Lancing College]]
[[Category:Scientists from Mumbai]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian historians]]
[[Category:Academics of the University of Cambridge]]

Bloodywood

2026-04-29T15:41:04Z

Vijaysakumedia: creating basic post initial version!

{{Short description|Indian metal band}}
{{Hatnote|For the 2016 Pentagram album also called Bloodywood, see [[Pentagram (Indian band)]].}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| background = group_or_band
| name = Bloodywood
| image = Bloodywood, La Madeleine, BXL (22.03.2023).02.jpg
| caption = Bloodywood performing in 2023
| image_size =
| landscape = Yes
| alias =
| origin = [[New Delhi]], India
| genre = {{flatlist|
* [[Nu metal]]
* [[folk metal]]
* [[rap metal]]
* [[metalcore]]
}}
| years_active = 2016–present
| label = [[Fearless Records|Fearless]]
| website = {{URL|bloodywood.net}}
{{Infobox
| child = yes
| header = Logo
| headerstyle = background:#b0c4de
| data1 = [[File:Bloodywood logo.png|200px]]
}}
| current_members =
* Karan Katiyar
* Jayant Bhadula
* Raoul Kerr
| past_members =
}}

'''Bloodywood''' is an Indian [[Heavy metal music|metal]] band from [[New Delhi]], formed in 2016. Their style is primarily described as [[nu metal]] but also includes elements of [[folk metal]] and [[metalcore]]. They began as a [[Parody music|parody band]] that uploaded metal covers of [[pop songs]] on [[YouTube]]<ref name="bbcfeature">{{cite web |last1=Mateen |first1=Zoya |title=Bloodywood: From Indian parody band to metal music royalty |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-64796715.amp |website=[[BBC News]] |access-date=29 December 2024 |date=7 April 2023}}</ref> and later wrote their own music. They have become India's first metal act to chart on ''Billboard''.<ref name="bbcfeature" />

==History==
===Foundation and early years===
Prior to forming the band, Karan Katiyar regularly uploaded parody metal covers of popular [[Bollywood]] songs on YouTube, but he had trouble finding a suitable vocalist. At a local gig, Katiyar met Jayant Bhadula, who worked as a [[talent manager]] at an entertainment company, and was impressed by his vocal range and versatility.<ref name="Lewry" /> In 2016, Katiyar quit his job as a [[corporate lawyer]] and together with Bhadula formed a two-piece band<ref name="Lewry">{{cite magazine |last=Lewry |first=Fraser |title=Meet Bloodywood, the Indian metal act with a feel-good hit and a serious message |date=6 September 2018 |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/meet-bloodywood-the-indian-metal-act-with-a-feel-good-hit-and-a-serious-message |magazine=[[Louder Sound]] |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref> with the intention of "destroying pop songs".<ref>{{cite web |last=Lewry |first=Fraser |title=The heavy metal band 'destroying' Punjabi pop music |date=4 October 2018 |url=https://www.sbs.com.au/yourlanguage/punjabi/en/article/2018/10/03/heavy-metal-band-destroying-punjabi-pop-music |publisher=[[SBS (Australian TV channel)|SBS]] |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref>

In 2017, Bloodywood re-recorded [[Linkin Park]]'s song "[[Heavy (Linkin Park song)|Heavy]]" in Linkin Park's early [[nu metal]] style, catching the attention of many music websites such as ''[[Loudwire]]'' and ''[[Metal Hammer]]'', the latter of which declared it "what Linkin Park's Heavy should have sounded like."<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Divita |first=Joe |title=Linkin Park Fan Plays New Song 'Heavy' in Band's Old Style |date=22 February 2017 |url=https://loudwire.com/linkin-park-fan-new-song-heavy-classic-style/ |magazine=[[Loudwire]] |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Morton |first=Luke |title=This is what Linkin Park's Heavy should have sounded like |date=21 February 2017 |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/this-is-what-linkin-parks-heavy-should-have-sounded-like-nu-metal |magazine=[[Louder Sound]] |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref> The band made more covers in 2017 and released the [[Compilation album|compilation cover album]] ''Anti-Pop Vol. 1'' on their [[Bandcamp]] page.<ref>{{cite web |title=India's heaviest metal band releases heaviest song of 2017 – Angry Santa Metal |date=25 December 2017 |url=https://uniteasia.org/indias-heaviest-metal-band-releases-heaviest-song-2017-angry-santa-metal/ |website=[[Unite Asia]] |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref> This was followed by a metal cover version of the popular [[Bhangra (music)|Bhangra]]/[[Indi-pop]] song "[[Tunak Tunak Tun]]" by [[Daler Mehndi]], featuring guest vocals from Bonde do Metaleiro.<ref>{{cite web |title=BLOODYWOOD Are Making Bollywood Metal A Thing, And It Sounds Great |date=9 February 2018 |url=https://metalinjection.net/video/bloodywood-are-making-bollywood-metal-a-thing-and-it-sounds-great |website=Metal Injection |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=Axl |title=Video: Popular Punjabi Song "Tunak Tunak Tun" Made Metal |date=7 February 2018 |url=https://metalinjection.net/video/bloodywood-are-making-bollywood-metal-a-thing-and-it-sounds-great |website=Metal Injection |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref>

In 2018, Bloodywood released "[[Ari Ari (Indian Street Metal)|Ari Ari]]", a cover of the [[Bhangra (music)|Bhangra]] song "Ari Ari" by the duo [[Bombay Rockers]], which itself was a version of the Indian folk song "Baari Barsi".<ref name="Ari Ari">{{cite magazine |title=The Story Behind The Song: Bloodywood's Ari Ari |date=26 March 2021 |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-story-behind-the-song-bloodywoods-ari-ari |magazine=[[Louder Sound]] |accessdate=28 December 2021}}</ref> The track featured rapper Raoul Kerr, whom Katiyar had invited to take part after working on a lyric video for him.<ref name="Lewry" /> The song's initial exposure was provided by [[Bollywood]] actress [[Ileana D'Cruz]], who shared the video of "Ari Ari" on her social media.<ref name="Ari Ari" /> The positive reception from fans encouraged the band to write original material and draw more inspiration from [[Indian folk music]].<ref name="Tagat">{{cite magazine |last=Tagat |first=Anurag |title=Watch Indian Metal Viral Stars Bloodywood's Uplifting New Video "Jee Veerey" |date=18 July 2018 |url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/watch-indian-metal-viral-stars-bloodywoods-uplifting-new-video-jee-veerey |magazine=[[Revolver (magazine)|Revolver]] |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref> In July of the same year, Bloodywood partnered with online counselling site HopeTherapy and released the song "Jee Veerey", dedicated to fighting depression and [[mental illness]].<ref name="Tagat" /><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Bose |first=Rakhi |title=Meet 'Bloodywood', the Heavy Metal Band That's Rapping About Mental Health |date=24 July 2018 |url=https://www.news18.com/news/buzz/meet-bloodywood-the-heavy-metal-band-thats-rapping-about-mental-health-1822311.html |magazine=[[News18]] |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref>

On 15 January 2019, the band released "Endurant", a song dealing with the topic of [[bullying]].<ref name="Revolver">{{cite magazine |title=Hear Indian Metal Viral Stars Bloodywood Take on Bullies with New Song "Endurant" |date=16 January 2019 |url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/hear-indian-metal-viral-stars-bloodywood-take-bullies-new-song-endurant |magazine=[[Revolver (magazine)|Revolver]] |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref> On 21 April, it was announced that Bloodywood would perform at the German heavy metal festival [[Wacken Open Air]].<ref>{{cite web |title=53 new bands for the Easter holidays! |date=21 March 2019 |url=https://www.wacken.com/en/news-details/53-new-bands-for-the-easter-holidays/ |publisher=[[Wacken Open Air]] |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref> Two days later, the band released the song "Machi Bhasad (Expect a Riot)", initially intended for the upcoming [[Ubisoft]] game ''[[Beyond Good and Evil 2]]''. At the same time, Bloodywood announced that Kerr had become a permanent member of the band and that Bloodywood was embarking on their Raj Against the Machine Tour.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=See Indian Folk-Metal Act Bloodywood's New "Machi Bhasad (Expect a Riot)" Video |date=25 April 2019 |url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/see-indian-folk-metal-act-bloodywoods-new-machi-bhasad-expect-riot-video |magazine=[[Revolver (magazine)|Revolver]] |accessdate=26 April 2019}}</ref>

===''Rakshak'' and ''Nu Delhi''===
In 2021, Bloodywood was named one of the "12 new metal bands to watch in 2022" by the heavy metal and rock music magazine ''[[Metal Hammer]]''.<ref name="MHnewbands">{{cite magazine |last1=Mills |first1=Matt |last2=Hobson |first2=Rich |date=20 December 2021 |title=12 new metal bands to watch in 2022 |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/12-new-metal-bands-to-watch-in-2022 |accessdate=28 December 2021 |magazine=[[Louder Sound]]}}</ref> They were also nominated for the Breakthrough Asian Band title at the 2021 Global Metal Apocalypse awards, finishing second.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 January 2022 |title=Global Metal Apocalypse (GMA) Awards 2021 – The Results |url=https://globalmetalapocalypse.weebly.com/metal-news/global-metal-apocalypse-gma-awards-2021-the-results |access-date=9 January 2022 |website=Global Metal Apocalypse}}</ref> Bloodywood's debut studio album, titled ''[[Rakshak (album)|Rakshak]]'', and was released on 18 February 2022.<ref name="MHnewbands" /> Lyrically, it tackles social and political topics, such as the track "Dana-Dan", which discusses rape and sexual assault.<ref name="Dana-Dan">{{cite web |title=Bloodywood Rakshak Lyrics Translated |date=14 June 2022|url=https://archive.org/details/a-collection-of-bredlik-poems-tumblr.com-03-05-2023/Dana-Dan%20-%20Rakshak%20%282022%29 |website=[[Internet Archive]] |accessdate=8 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="Dana-DanRage">{{cite web |title=Dana-Dan Lyrics |date=18 February 2022|url=https://genius.com/Bloodywood-dana-dan-lyrics |website=[[Genius Lyrics]] |accessdate=8 April 2024}}</ref>

On 18 October 2024, it was announced that the band had signed with [[Fearless Records]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.themetalcoalition.com/post/fearless-records-signs-bloodywood-band-shares-nu-delhi-video-watch|title=Fearless Records Signs Bloodywood + Band Shares "Nu Delhi" Video — WATCH|date=18 October 2024|website=themetalcoalition.com}}</ref> This was followed by the release of the new single "Nu Delhi" and the confirmation of a 2025 European tour.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loudersound.com/news/bloodywood-nu-dehli-single|title="It's our love letter to the city that raised us." Indian nu metal sensations Bloodywood release thumping new single Nu Dehli, announce UK and Europe 2025 tour|date=18 October 2024|website=loudersound.com}}</ref> On 6 December, Bloodywood issued the single "Bekhauf", which featured the Japanese [[kawaii metal]] band [[Babymetal]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=5 December 2024 |title=Bloodywood Team Up with Babymetal for New Single "Bekhauf"; Animated Video Teaser Available |url=https://bravewords.com/news/bloodywood-team-up-with-babymetal-for-new-single-bekhauf-animated-video-teaser-available |access-date=6 December 2024 |website=[[Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles]]}}</ref> Bloodywood released their second studio album, ''[[Nu Delhi]]'', on 21 March 2025. In July, Bloodywood was featured in Babymetal's single "Kon! Kon!", from the album ''[[Metal Forth]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Garner |first=Emily |date=11 July 2025 |title=Babymetal team up with Bloodywood for new single Kon! Kon! |url=https://www.kerrang.com/babymetal-kon-kon-feat-bloodywood-official-music-video-new-single-album-metal-forth |access-date=19 July 2025 |website=[[Kerrang!]]}}</ref>

In 2026, Bloodywood launched their System of a Brown tour across the United States, which featured support from [[Ladrones (band)|Ladrones]], [[the Pretty Wild]], and [[Ankor (band)|Ankor]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Kennelty |first=Greg |title=Bloodywood Announces U.S. Tour with the Pretty Wild, Ladrones & Ankor |url=https://metalinjection.net/tour-dates/bloodywood-announces-u-s-tour-with-the-pretty-wild-ladrones-ankor |work=Metal Injection |date=9 December 2025}}</ref>

==Musical style==
Bloodywood's music has been described as [[nu metal]],<ref name="AllMusic Genres">{{cite web|author=James Christopher Monger|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/bloodywood-mn0004181699|title=Bloodywood AllMusic Buo|work=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=17 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Vince|last=Neilstein|url=https://www.metalsucks.net/2021/11/10/indian-folk-nu-metal-bloodywood-bring-the-ruckus-on-gadaar/|title=Indian Folk Nu-Metal: Bloodywood Bring the Ruckus on "Gadaar"|work=[[MetalSucks]]|date=10 November 2021|access-date=28 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Dom|last= Lawson|url=https://www.blabbermouth.net/cdreviews/rakshak/|title=CD Reviews: Rakshak by Bloodywood|work=[[Blabbermouth.net]]|date=18 February 2022|access-date=18 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://uniteasia.org/indias-biggest-nu-metal-export-bloodywood-drop-new-music-video-single-india/|title=India's Biggest Nu-Metal Export Bloodywood Drop New Music Video/Single [India]|website=[[Unite Asia]]|date=22 January 2022|access-date= 18 February 2022}}</ref> [[folk metal]],<ref name="Revolver" /> [[rap metal]],<ref name="AllMusic Genres" /> and [[metalcore]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bloodywood : Rakshak (metalcore) : avis / chronique à lire sur Music Waves |url=https://www.musicwaves.fr/frmReview.aspx?ID=21343&REF=BLOODYWOOD_Rakshak |access-date=31 March 2025 |website=musicwaves.fr |language=fr |trans-title=Bloodywood: Rakshak (metalcore): review / column to read on Music Waves}}</ref>

==Social work==
Along with the messages included in their songs, the band aims to support various social/charity causes. With the release of the video for their song "Jee Veerey", they gave away pre-paid online counselling sessions. In a 2023 interview, Kerr claimed that the band's goal was "to channel their angst for the right causes and make people want to do something about them".<ref name="bbcfeature" />

Upon returning to India from their 2019 European tour, Bloodywood donated the earnings to Posh Foundation, a local NGO that cares for homeless animals, for the purchase of a new ambulance.<ref>{{cite web |last=Westbrook |first=Corinne |title=Bloodywood Donates Ambulance to Animal Rescue, Unleash New Song "Yaad" That Gives Us All the Feels |date=27 March 2020 |url=https://metalinjection.net/av/new-music/bloodywood-donates-ambulance-to-animal-rescue-unleash-new-song-yaad-that-gives-us-all-the-feels |website=Metal Injection |accessdate=28 November 2021}}</ref>

==Band members==
{{columns-start}}
* Karan Katiyar – guitars, flute, production, composition (2016–present)
* Jayant Bhadula – vocals, [[Death growl|growls]] (2016–present)
* Raoul Kerr – [[Rapping|rap vocals]] (2019–present; session musician 2018–2019)
{{column}}
'''Touring members'''
* Sarthak Pahwa – [[dhol]] (2019–present)
* Roshan Roy – bass (2019–present)
* Vishesh Singh – drums (2019–present)
{{columns-end}}

==Discography==
{{columns-start}}

===Studio albums===
* ''Anti-Pop Vol. 1'' (2017)
* ''[[Rakshak (album)|Rakshak]]'' (2022)
* ''[[Nu Delhi]]'' (2025)

===Singles===
* "Angry Santa" (2017)
* "Friday The 13th" (2017)
* "Punjabi Metal" (2017)
* "Tunak Tunak Metal" feat. Bonde do Metaleiro (2018)
* "Rang De Basanti" (2018)
* "[[Ari Ari (Indian Street Metal)|Ari Ari]]" (2018)
* "Jee Veerey" (2018)
* "Endurant" (2019)
* "Machi Bhasad" (2019)
* "Yaad" (2020)
* "Great Is Born Raw" with the Snake Charmer (2021)
* "Gaddaar" (2021)
* "Aaj" (2022)
* "Dana-Dan" (2022)
* "Nu Delhi" (2024)
* "Bekhauf" feat. [[Babymetal]] (2024)
* "Tadka" (2025)
{{column}}

===Videos===
* "Angry Santa" (2017)
* "Tunak Tunak Tun" feat. Bonde do Metaleiro (2018)
* "Rang De Basanti" (2018)
* "Ari Ari" (2018)
* "Jee Veerey" (2018)
* "Endurant" (2019)
* "Machi Bhasad" (2019)
* "Yaad" (2020)
* "Gaddaar" (2021)
* "Aaj" (2022)
* "Dana-Dan" (2022)
* "Nu Delhi" (2024)
* "Bekhauf" feat. Babymetal (2024)
* "Tadka" (2025)
{{columns-end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website|bloodywood.net}}
* [https://bloodywood.bandcamp.com/ Bandcamp page]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2016 establishments in Delhi]]
[[Category:Cover bands]]
[[Category:Fearless Records artists]]
[[Category:Indian folk metal musical groups]]
[[Category:Musical groups established in 2016]]
[[Category:Nu metal musical groups]]
[[Category:Indian heavy metal musical groups]]
[[Category:Parody musicians]]
[[Category:Indian parodists]]
[[Category:Indian comedy musicians]]
[[Category:Indian political music groups]]
[[Category:Rap metal musical groups]]

Muthumula Ashok Reddy

2026-04-23T23:39:20Z

Vijaysakumedia: new - done

{{Short description|Indian politician (born 1968)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Muthumula Ashok Reddy
| office = Member of the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2024
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Anna Rambabu]]
| constituency = [[Giddalur Assembly constituency|Giddalur]]
| term_start1 = 2014
| term_end1 = 2019
| successor1 = [[Anna Rambabu]]
| predecessor1 = [[Anna Rambabu]]
| constituency1 = [[Giddalur Assembly constituency|Giddalur]]
| party = [[Telugu Desam Party]]
| birth_date =
| other_party = [[YSR Congress Party]]
| occupation = Politician
}}
'''Muthumula Ashok Reddy''' (born 15 July 1968)<ref name=":0" /> is an Indian politician from [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly MLA Biography |url=https://ipg.nic.in/assets/img/Proforma/Files/Andhra%20MLA%20bioprofile.pdf}}</ref> He is an MLA from [[Giddalur Assembly constituency]] in [[Prakasam district]]. He represents [[Telugu Desam Party]]. He won the [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] where TDP had an alliance with [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] and [[Jana Sena Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ashok Reddy Muthumula, TDP Candidate from Giddalur Assembly Election 2024 Seat: Electoral History & Political Journey, Winning or Losing - News18 Assembly Election 2024 Result News |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/andhra-pradesh/ashok-reddy-muthumula-assembly-candidate-s01aed2008a112e2024c002/ |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=www.news18.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Giddalur Constituency Election Results 2024: Giddalur Assembly Seat Details, MLA Candidates & Winner |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/andhra-pradesh/constituency-show/giddalur |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Reddy is from Giddalur, [[Prakasam district]]. His father's name is Muthumula Ramachandra Reddy. He runs his own business. He completed his intermediate, the pre university course, in 1985 at Sri Vivekananda Junior College, [[Giddaluru|Giddalur]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Muthumula Ashok Reddy (TDP): Constituency – Giddalur (Prakasam) – Native place: Hanumanthurayuni Palli Village, Komarolu; Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/andhrapradesh2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=4906 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=myneta.info}}</ref>

== Political career ==
Reddy won the [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] from [[Giddalur Assembly constituency]] representing [[Telugu Desam Party]]. He polled 98,463 votes and defeated K. P. Nagarjuna Reddy of [[YSR Congress Party]] by a narrow margin of 973 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Giddalur Assembly Election Results 2024: Giddalur Election Candidates List, Election Date, Vote Share - IndiaToday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/andhra-pradesh/giddalur-constituency-result-1112 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-06 |title=Giddalur Assembly Election Results 2024: Giddalur Andhra Pradesh Election Schedule, Vote share and Results |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly-election/giddalur-constituency/ |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}</ref> Earlier, he won the [[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] from Giddalur representing [[YSR Congress Party]]. He defeated [[Anna Rambabu]] of Telugu Desam Party by a margin of 12,893 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Giddalur Lok Sabha Election 2024 Live: Get Giddalur Lok Sabha Election Results and Candidate List |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly-election/giddalur-constituency/ |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ashok Reddy, Muthumula}}
[[Category:1968 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:Telugu Desam Party politicians]]
[[Category:Telugu politicians]]
[[Category:People from Prakasam district]]

Shankar Rao Telkikar

2026-04-22T06:09:55Z

Vijaysakumedia:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Shankarrao Telkikar
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date |1898|10|3|df=y}}
| birth_place = Telki, [[Nanded district]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1980|11|2|1898|10|3|df=y}}
| death_place =
| office = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| constituency = [[Nanded (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nanded]]
| term = 1952-1957
| predecessor =
| successor = [[Harihar Rao Sonule]]
| office1 =
| constituency1 =
| term1 =
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 =
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| other_party =
| spouse = Kamaladevi Telkikar
| children = 5 Sons and 2 daughters
| website =
| footnotes =
| date =
| year =
| source = https://loksabha.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/1063.htm
}}
'''Shankarrao Telkikar''' was an Indian politician. He was elected to the [[Lok Sabha]], the lower house of the [[Parliament of India]] as a member of the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref name="Singh 1954 p. ">{{cite book | last=Singh | first=T. | title=Indian Parliament (1952-57): "Personalities"-Series 2 Authentic, Comprehensive and Illustrated Biographical Dictionary of Members of the Two Houses of Parliament | publisher=Arunam & Sheel | series=Personalities - | year=1954 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PFvVAAAAMAAJ | access-date=9 Mar 2023 | page=289}}</ref><ref name="India. Parliament. House of the People India. Parliament. Lok Sabha 1981 p. ">{{cite book | author=India. Parliament. House of the People | author2=India. Parliament. Lok Sabha | title=Parliamentary Debates: Official Report | publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat. | year=1981 | issn=0445-6769 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aUAwAAAAMAAJ | access-date=9 Mar 2023 | page=25}}</ref><ref name="Kāryarāhī, śāsakīya prativedana 1963 p. ">{{cite book | title=Kāryarāhī, śāsakīya prativedana | publisher=Vyavasthāpaka, Sarakāri Mudraṇa ca Lekhanasāmagrī, Mahārāshṭra Rājya | issue=v. 9 | year=1963 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I_QWAQAAIAAJ | language=lv | access-date=9 Mar 2023 | page=1433}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://loksabha.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/2002.htm Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website]

[[Category:India MPs 1952–1957]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:1898 births]]
[[Category:1980 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Maharashtra]]

{{Maharashtra-INC-politician-stub}}

Robert Boileau Pemberton

2026-04-21T12:33:00Z

Vijaysakumedia: info

{{Short description|British colonial official and geographer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Robert Boileau Pemberton
| honorific_suffix =
| image =
| image_size =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| order =
| office = [[Agent to the Governor-General]], [[Nawab of Bengal|Murshidabad]]
| term_start = 1840
| term_end = 1840
| office2 = British commissioner to Manipur
| term_start2 = 1824
| term_end2 = 1835
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| office3 =
| term_start3 =
| term_end3 =
| predecessor3 =
| successor3 =
| governor_general =
| birth_date = 21 June 1798
| birth_place = [[Nevis]], [[West Indies]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1840|6|26|1798|6|21|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Murshidabad]]
| spouse =
| father = John Butler Pemberton
| education =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession =
| known_for = 
| allegiance = {{flag|Great Britain}}
| branch = [[Bengal Native Infantry]]
| service_years =
| rank = [[Captain]]
| footnotes =
}}
'''Robert Boileau Pemberton''' (1798–1840) was a British [[British Indian Army|army]] officer and, later, a [[Political officer (British Empire)|political officer]] in [[British India]]. As a Lieutenant, he was sent as a junior commander of the British-funded Manipur Levy provided to prince [[Gambhir Singh]] of [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur]]. He was instrumental in evicting the Burmese from Manipur during the [[First Anglo-Burmese War]]. Later, he was appointed as a commissioner for Manipur along with Captain Grant and the two negotiated the boundary with the Burmese commissioners.{{sfnp|Mackenzie, Relations with the Hill Tribes|2012|pages=177–178}} Pemberton demarcated the boundary between Manipur and the [[Kabaw Valley]], which was ceded to Burma after the negotiations. It came to be known as the "Pemberton's Line". Pemberton was noted as a distinguished geographer. He surveyed the territory of Manipur and the surrounding country, and wrote a book titled ''Report on the Eastern Frontier of British India'' in 1835, which is a valuable early historical reference on the states of [[northeast India]] as well as Burma.<ref name="Markham"/><ref name="Mittal Pub">
{{citation |title=Eastern Frontier of India (Book announcement) |publisher=Mittal Publications |via=e-pao.net |date=6 September 2018 |url=https://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.books.Eastern_Frontier_of_India_Book_20180906}}
</ref>

Later Pemberton was sent as a special envoy to [[Bhutan]].<ref>
{{cite web |title=Political Missions to Bootan (Book blurb) |newspaper=Library of Congress |url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/gdclccn.42049302 |access-date=16 March 2024}}
</ref> He was appointed to the [[Indian Political Department]] in 1840 and served as the [[Agent to the Governor-General]] in [[Nawab of Bengal|Murshidabad]]. He died in Murshidabad.<ref name=":1">
{{citation |title=Calcutta Monthly Journal and General Register |year=1840 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xRcYAAAAYAAJ |page=27}}
</ref><ref name="Mittal Pub"/>

== Early life ==
Boileau Pemberton was born on 21 June 1798 to John Butler Pemberton, a barrister and later the rector of a parish in West Indies. He entered the [[British Indian Army|Indian Army]] in 1817 and was assigned to the 44th [[Bengal Native Infantry|Native Infantry]].<ref name="Mittal Pub"/>

== Manipur ==
In 1819, the Burmese occupied [[Manipur kingdom|Manipur]], evicting its ruling prince [[Marjit Singh]]. The occupation lasted seven years. During this period, the Marjit Singh and his three brothers settled in the neighbouring [[Kachari kingdom|Cachar]] and made multiple unsuccessful attempts to oust the Burmese.

After the Burmese occupied [[Ahom kingdom|Assam]] and started threatening the states bordering British Bengal, the British declared [[First Anglo-Burmese War|war]] on Burma in 1824.{{sfnp|Banerjee, The Eastern Frontier of British India|1946|p=319}} The British proceeded on two fronts: a land invasion of Assam, which commenced immediately,{{sfnp|Banerjee, The Eastern Frontier of British India|1946|p=330}} and a naval invasion on the Burmese mainland starting in May 1824.{{sfnp|Banerjee, The Eastern Frontier of British India|1946|p=359}}

[[Gambhir Singh]], a brother of Marjit Singh, who was also in exile in Cacher, obtained from [[David Scott (political officer)|David Scott]], the [[Agent to the Governor-General]] for Assam, an allowance to raise a force of 500 men. The force was eventually increased to 2000 men, including cavalry, infantry and artillery, under the name 'Manipur Levy'. Captain F. J. Grant was appointed as its commander, with Pemberton, then a Lieutenant, as his assistant.{{sfnp|Johnstone, Manipur and the Naga Hills|1896|p=85}}

Along with Gambhir Singh and Pemberton, a force of 500 men left Sylhet on 17 May 1825 and arrived in the Manipur Valley on 10 June. They found that the Burmese had withdrawn and so the Valley was recaptured.{{sfnp|Banerjee, The Eastern Frontier of British India|1946|pp=345–347}}{{sfnp|Tarapot, Bleeding Manipur|2003|pp=123–124}} More troops were brought in in December 1825, commanded by Captain Grant, and an advance was made to the [[Kabaw Valley]]. Again the Burmese forces were found to have withdrawn, and only the local forces were present. Two stockades at [[Tamu, Myanmar|Tamu]] and Sumjok ([[Thaungdut]]) were taken, repossessing the Kabaw Valley.{{sfnp|Banerjee, The Eastern Frontier of British India|1946|pp=347–348}}

The Anglo-Burmese War was soon concluded with the signing of the [[Treaty of Yandabo]], and the Burmese agreed to relinquish control over Manipur. However, it soon became clear that they did not recognize Manipur's claim to the Kabaw Valley. Grant and Pemberton were dispatched as British boundary commissioners in 1828, to decide the boundary between Manipur and Burma. The Burmese boundary commissioners claimed that the border was at the "Ningthee river" (the Manipuri name of the [[Chindwin River]]) but that it was a different river from Chindwin claimed to be west of Kabaw Valley. The British officers believed that it was an attempt at deception.{{sfnp|Hall, Henry Burney|1974 |pp=186–}}{{sfnp|Tarapot, Bleeding Manipur|2003|pp=222–223}}{{sfnp|Upper Chindwin District Gazetteer|1913|p=12}}

A joint survey was then proposed for the following year, but the Burmese commissioners did not arrive. Thereafter, the British government ordered Grant and Pemberton to fix the boundary to the west of Chindwin. They did so, erecting boundary pillars. They also ordered all the Burmese subjects living in the disputed area to leave by 25 June 1930 or become Manipuri subjects.{{sfnp|Hall, Henry Burney|1974|pp=186–187, 212–213}}

Meanwhile, the British sent Major [[Henry Burney]] as the [[Resident minister|Resident]] to Burma, who discovered, upon his arrival at [[Inwa|Ava]], that tensions were very high regarding the Kabaw Valley. Upon his request, Pemberton was sent to Ava to represent Manipur's case. Pemberton took with him the Manipur chronicle as well as the Manipuri translation of a Shan chronicle (presumably that of [[Kingdom of Pong|Pong]]). There followed long and tedious discussions regarding the respective claims of the two states to the disputed valley.{{sfnp|Hall, Henry Burney|1974|pp=214–}}

Henry Burney conducted his own study of the Burmese records and became convinced of the Burmese claim. In the eventual memorandum sent to the British governor-general, he stated that the Kabaw Valley was in the possession of Burmese kings since 1370 and that, for 12 years prior to the outbreak of the war, it was in continuous Burmese possession. Further, he interpreted the Treaty of Yandabo to mean that Manipur was entitled to recover only those territories that it possessed before the conflict.{{sfnp|Banerjee, The Eastern Frontier of British India|1946|pp=492–493}}{{sfnp|Hall, Henry Burney|1974|loc=p. 245: "On the second point Burney explained that the Burmese chronicle known as the ''Mahayazawindawgyi Oater'' (to be called by the British ''The Glass Palace Chronicle''), which covered Burmese history up to 1821, showed that the valley had been in Burmese possession since 1370, though during the wars with the Shans in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries it had been often overrun. There were also stone inscriptions supporting the Burmese claim.... On the fourth point he said the Burmese had had undisputed possession of the valley for twelve years prior to the Anglo-Burmese war, and although during the war it had been conquered by the Manipuris, the stipulation in the treaty of Yandabo that the Raja of Manipur should recover his territories applied only to those which he had held before the war."}}
Based on the force of Burney's argument as well as the apparent seriousness of the Burmese claim, the governor-general acceded to the cession of Kabaw Valley to Burma. {{sfnp|Hall, Henry Burney|1974|loc=p. 246}} The transfer took place on 9 January 1834.{{sfnp|Banerjee, The Eastern Frontier of British India|1946|p=493}} Grant and Pemberton were dispatched to define the boundary between Manipur and Burma along the Yomadong range, where it still lies. Manipur was compensated by the British government for the loss of its territory by an annual payment of Rs. 6,000.{{sfnp|Upper Chindwin District Gazetteer|1913|p=12}}

=== Pemberton Line ===
[[File:Kabaw Valley and vicinity (SoI, 1924).jpg|thumb|right|280px|A portion of the Pemberton Line, the border between Manipur and Kabaw Valley]]
Pemberton was sent instructions to define the boundary in November 1834, along with Captain Grant, to lie at the foot of the Yomadong range (called Maring Hills in Manipur), which lies immediately to the west of Kabaw Valley. They were met by the Burmese commissioners, who requested further adjustments, which were firmly denied. The Burmese also objected to the [[Moreh, India|Moreh thannah]], which was very close to the proposed boundary. They were told that Manipur had as much right to establish posts on its side of the boundary as the Burmese had to their side. The Burmese also asked for consultation with the tribes living on the eastern slope of the Yomadong range, which was also denied for being inconsistent with the instructions of the British government. Eventually the boundary was laid down and agreement prepared, along with a Burmese translation. Upon Burmese request, a note was added at the bottom stating that a "small strip of country between the eastern base of the Yoma Doung range and the Muring Hills" would be later addressed by the Burmese ministers. But the court of Ava accepted the boundary as laid down.{{sfnp|Mackenzie, Relations with the Hill Tribes|2012|pp=183–184}}

The agreement also included a line to serve as portion of the southern boundary of Manipur, which came to be called "Pemberton's imaginary line". Pemberton's inquiries showed that the southern boundary of Kabaw Valley was at a river called Numsailung by Manipuris (Namsaweng in Burmese and Tuipu in Kuki-Chin). So he included in the agreement an imaginary line running west from the point where Numsailung enters the plains, across the mountains up to the Manipur River. In reality much of this territory was under the control of Chin tribes at that time, and it was not part of Manipur.{{sfnp|Pau, Indo-Burma Frontier|2019|pp=159–160}} But it did influence the British thinking in later times and, when a proper boundary between Manipur and [[Chin Hills]] was defined in 1894, it was drawn very close to Pemberton's imaginary line.{{sfnp|Pau, Indo-Burma Frontier|2019|pp=161–163}}


== Personal life ==
He married Henrietta Peach McLeod, daughter of General McLeod.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=14 July 1854 |title=Died |url=https://www.newspaperarchive.com/london-morning-post/1854-07-14/page-8/ |access-date=13 January 2025 |work=[[The Morning Post]] |pages=8 |edition=London}}</ref> The couple had a son, Robert Charles Boileau Pemberton, who also served in the Indian Army and rose to Major-General.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Major General Robert Charles Boileau Pemberton |url=http://www.holmesacourt.org/hac/4/9876.htm |access-date=13 January 2025 |website=holmesacourt.org}}</ref>

Pemberton died in 1840 while serving in [[Murshidabad]].<ref name=":1" /> He was survived by his wife, Henrietta. She died on 10 July 1854 at her father's residence in Sussex at the age of 43.<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Markham">
{{citation |title=Memoir on the indian surveys |first=Clements R. |last=Markham |publisher=BoD – Books on Demand |year=2023 |isbn=9783382136055 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9-2zEAAAQBAJ |page=84}}
</ref>
}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{citation |first=G. E. R. |last=Grant Brown |title=Burmah Gazetteer: Upper Chindwin District, Volume A |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.206896 |via=archive.org |publisher=Superintendent, Government Printing |location=Rangoon |year=1913 |ref={{sfnref|Upper Chindwin District Gazetteer|1913}}}}
* {{citation |last=Banerjee |first=A. C. |title=The Eastern Frontier of British India, 1784–1826 |publisher=A. Mukherjee |location=Calcutta |date=1946 |orig-date=1943 |edition=Second |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.76519 |via=archive.org |ref={{sfnref|Banerjee, The Eastern Frontier of British India|1946}}}}
* {{citation |last=Hall |first=D. G. E. |title=Henry Burney – A Biography |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1974 |url=https://archive.org/details/henryburneypolit0000hall |via=archive.org |url-access=registration |ref={{sfnref|Hall, Henry Burney|1974}}}}
* {{citation |last=Hodson |first=T. C. |title=The Meitheis |publisher=David Nutt |location=London |year=1908 |url=https://archive.org/details/meitheis01hods |via=archive.org |ref={{sfnref|Hodson, The Meitheis|1908}}}}
* {{cite thesis |last=Ibochou Singh |first=Khwairakpam |title=British administration in Manipur 1891–1947 |journal=University |publisher=Gauhati University |via=Shodhganga |degree=PhD |year=1985 |hdl=10603/66697 |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/66697 |ref={{sfnref|Ibochou Singh, British administration in Manipur|1985}}}}
* {{citation |first=Sir James |last=Johnstone |title=My Experiences in Manipur and the Naga Hills |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston and Company |location=London |year=1896 |url=https://archive.org/details/myexperiencesinm00johniala |via=archive.org |ref={{sfnref|Johnstone, Manipur and the Naga Hills|1896}}}}
* {{citation |last=Mackenzie |first=Alexander |title=History of the Relations of the Government with the Hill Tribes of the North-East Frontier of Bengal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uCV5VrOQi8MC |year=2012 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-108-04606-0 |ref={{sfnref|Mackenzie, Relations with the Hill Tribes|2012}}}}
* {{citation |last=Pau |first=Pum Khan |title=Indo-Burma Frontier and the Making of the Chin Hills: Empire and Resistance |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2019 |isbn=9781000507454 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dVmnDwAAQBAJ |ref={{sfnref|Pau, Indo-Burma Frontier|2019}}}}
* {{citation |last=Tarapot |first=Phanjoubam |title=Bleeding Manipur |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FsUJ0E3BXkMC |year=2003 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |isbn=978-81-241-0902-1 |ref={{sfnref|Tarapot, Bleeding Manipur|2003}}}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pemberton, Boileau}}
[[Category:19th-century British Army personnel]]
[[Category:Indian Political Service officers]]
[[Category:1798 births]]
[[Category:1840 deaths]]

Swadeshi Jagran Manch

2026-04-16T04:24:41Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding the article nd citations

{{Short description|Indian organization}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox organization
| name = Swadeshi Jagran Manch
| image =
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| caption =
| abbreviation =
| formation = {{start date and age|df=yes|p=y|1867}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.swadeshijagranmanch.com/ |title=Swadeshi Jagran Manch |publisher=Swadeshi Jagran Manch|access-date=8 November 2022}}</ref>
| founder =
| founding_location =
| extinction = 
| type = Political and cultural
| key_people =
| affiliations =
| main_organ =
| parent_organization =
| subsidiaries =
| region_served = India
| method =
| website = {{official|https://www.swadeshijagranmanch.com/}}
}}
The '''Swadeshi Jagran Manch''' ({{Translation|'[[Swadeshi movement|Swadeshi]] Awakening Platform'|literal=yes}}) is a political and cultural pan-[[India]] movement that deals with economic issues.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Thacker|first1=Teena|title=RSS arm raises questions over govt's draft policy on pharma|url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/Xov74Swggc6CMWnifK4mdK/RSS-arm-raises-questions-over-govts-draft-policy-on-pharma.html|website=Live Mint|date=18 August 2017 |access-date=8 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=SJM wants fresh cooked food to fight malnutrition in kids|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/sjm-wants-fresh-cooked-food-to-fight-malnutrition-in-kids-1020370-2017-08-23|access-date=8 September 2017|work=India Today|date=23 August 2017}}</ref> Since at least 2015 the SJM has been critical of [[foreign direct investment]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/business/rss-affiliated-swadeshi-jagaran-manch-opposes-fdi-in-single-brand-retail-foreign-investment-in-air-india-4298843.html |title=RSS-affiliated Swadeshi Jagran Manch opposes FDI in single brand retail, foreign investment in Air India |publisher=Firstpost |date=11 January 2018 |access-date=24 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/we-want-a-white-paper-on-costs-and-benefits-of-fdi/293538 |title=We Want A White Paper On Costs And Benefits Of FDI |work=Outlook|date=9 March 2015 |access-date=24 November 2019}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Political organisations based in India]]
[[Category:1867 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1867]]

Pamuru mandal

2026-04-13T09:24:12Z

Vijaysakumedia:

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}{{Infobox settlement
| name = Pamuru mandal
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = te
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Mandal]]
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|15.097|N|79.409|E|display=inline,title|region:IN_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Markapuram district|Markapuram]]
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Pamur]]
| parts_type = [[Administrative divisions of India|Major villages]]
| parts_style = para
| parts =
| leader_title = [[Tehsildar]]
| leader_name =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 63017
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|id=Q58792207|stroke-colour=#C60C30|stroke-width=2|text=Interactive Map Outlining mandal}}

}}

'''Pamuru mandal''' is a sub-district in the [[Markapuram district]],[[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]. Its headquarters are in [[Pamur]].

==Demographics==

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Pamuru mandal (2011)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web|date=2011|title=Population by Religion - Andhra Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11363/download/14476/DDW28C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|89.74}}
{{bar percent|[[Andhra Muslims|Islam]]|green|9.55}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.71}}
|caption=Distribution of religions
}}

As of 2011 census, the mandal had a population of 63,017 in 14,897 households. The total population constitute, 32,206 males and 30,811 females — a sex ratio of 957 females per 1000 males. 7,678 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 4,007 are boys and 3,671 are girls — a sex ratio of 916 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 67.77% with 37,503 literates. 31.74% of the population lives in urban areas, namely Pamur. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 11,778 (18.69%) and 1,992 (3.16%) of the population respectively.<ref name="demographics">{{cite web |title=District Census Hand Book – Prakasam |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/126/download/154/DH_2011_2818_PART_A_DCHB_PRAKASAM.pdf|website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Pamuru mandal (2011)<ref name="language"/>
|thumb = left
|label1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]] |value1 = 92.27 |color1 = steelblue
|label2 = [[Urdu]] |value2 = 7.28 |color2 = green
|label3 = Others |value3 = 0.45 |color3 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2011 census, 92.27% of the population spoke [[Telugu language|Telugu]] and 7.28% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="language">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Andhra Pradesh |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10193/download/13305/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2800.XLSX |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Markapuram district}}

[[Category:Mandals in Markapuram district]]

Bilasa Devi Kevat Airport

2026-04-11T04:27:31Z

Vijaysakumedia:

{{Short description|Airport in Chhattisgarh India}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox airport
| name = Bilasa Devi Kevat Airport
| image = Bilaspur Airport (Chakarbhata Airport) 5.4.2021.png
| caption =
| IATA = PAB
| ICAO = VEBU
| pushpin_map = India Chhattisgarh#India
| pushpin_mapsize = 250
| pushpin_label = '''PAB'''
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of airport in Chhattisgarh
| type = Public
| owner =
| operator = [[Government of Chhattisgarh]]
| city-served = [[Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh|Bilaspur]]
| location = Chakarbhata, Bilaspur, [[Chhattisgarh]], [[India]]
| opened = {{start date and age|1942|||df=y|p=n|br=n}}
| elevation-f = 899
| elevation-m = 274
| coordinates = {{coord|21|59|18|N|82|06|40|E|type:airport|display=inline,title}}
| website = [https://bilaspur.gov.in/en/bilaspur-airport/ Bilaspur Airport]
| metric-elev = y
| metric-rwy = y
| r1-number = 17/35
| r1-length-f = 5,035
| r1-length-m = 1,535
| r1-surface = [[Asphalt concrete|Asphalt]]
| stat-year = April 2023 - March 2024
| stat1-header = Passengers
| stat1-data = 31,083 ({{decrease}} 21.4%)
| stat2-header = Aircraft movements
| stat2-data = 830 ({{decrease}} 29.9%)
| stat3-header = Cargo tonnage
| stat3-data = —
| footnotes = Source: [[Airports Authority of India|AAI]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Annexure III – Passenger Data|url=https://www.aai.aero/sites/default/files/traffic-news/Mar2k24Annex3.pdf|website=aai.aero|access-date=24 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Annexure II – Aircraft Movement Data|url=https://www.aai.aero/sites/default/files/traffic-news/Mar2k24Annex2.pdf|website=aai.aero|access-date=24 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Annexure IV – Freight Movement Data|url=https://www.aai.aero/sites/default/files/traffic-news/Mar2k24Annex4.pdf|website=aai.aero|access-date=24 April 2024}}</ref>
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 10
}}

'''Bilasa Devi Kevat Airport''' {{Airport codes|PAB|VEBU}}, also known as '''Bilaspur Airport''', is a [[domestic airport]] serving the city of [[Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh|Bilaspur]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[India]]. It is located at Chakarbhata, {{cvt|10|km}} south from the city centre. The airport made by the [[Royal Indian Air Force]] in 1942, making it the first and oldest airport of Chhattisgarh. It is owned by the [[Airports Authority of India]]. In 1980s, the airport was used by [[Vayudoot]] to provide flights to [[Bhopal]], [[Nagpur]], [[Mumbai]] and [[Delhi]]. Currently, commercial scheduled flights are operated by [[Alliance Air (India)|Alliance Air]] to Bhopal, Delhi, [[Jabalpur]] and [[Prayagraj]]. It is named after Bilasa Bai Kevtin, a renowned 16th-century personality known for her bravery and courage to fight against difficult situations, who belonged to a fishermen tribe residing near the [[Arpa (river), Chhattisgarh|Arpa River]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Bilaspur airport to be named after Bilasa Bai Kevtin: Chhattisgarh CM|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/raipur/bilaspur-airport-to-be-named-after-bilasa-bai-kevtin-chhattisgarh-cm/articleshow/80091544.cms|work=The Times of India|date=4 January 2021|access-date=2 May 2023|language=en}}</ref>

==History==
Built in 1942, it opened as [[Royal Indian Air Force]] Station, Bilaspur, in the [[Central Provinces]] of [[British India]]. It was used as an airfield during [[World War II]]. It was used by No. 267 Squadron, No. 96 Squadron, No. 10 Squadron, and other units. No. 673 Squadron undertook sporadic glider training and courses in jungle warfare in 1945 in the air force station. It never undertook operational duties because of the [[Japan|Japanese]] surrender. Some operational missions were undertaken; however the pilots of this squadron detached to other units, flying [[Douglas DC-3|Dakotas]] and [[Stinson L-5 Sentinel|L-5 Sentinels]]. The squadron disbanded at Kargi Road Airstrip, another military airfield in Bilaspur, on 25 October 1945. After [[Independence Day (India)|India got independence from Great Britain]], the airfield was transferred to the war department of the [[Government of India]]. The [[Directorate General of Civil Aviation (India)|Directorate General of Civil Aviation]] (DGCA) took control of the airport, followed by the [[Ministry of Civil Aviation (India)|Ministry of Civil Aviation]].

The airport was associated with commercial flight operations to [[Nagpur]], [[Aurangabad]], [[Mumbai]], [[Raipur]] and [[Bhopal]] in 1988, operated by [[Vayudoot]].

The [[Indian Army]] intends to take over the airport and establish a training facility for the special forces. The existing para-military commando training facility at [[Nahan]], [[Himachal Pradesh]] is to be shifted to Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh.<ref>{{cite news|title=Helicopters recalled from UN duty to combat Naxals |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/179344/helicopters-recalled-un-duty-combat.html |newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] |date= 26 July 2010 |access-date=26 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Special forces school shift |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100805/jsp/frontpage/story_12774012.jsp |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120919095048/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100805/jsp/frontpage/story_12774012.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 September 2012 |publisher=[[The Telegraph (Kolkata)]] |date= 5 August 2010 |access-date=26 January 2012 |location=Calcutta, India |first=Nishit |last=Dholabhai}}</ref> The Army wants use of the entire airport, while AAI has made a "conditional offer" of parting with 377 acres, while retaining 56 acres for a [[civil enclave]].<ref>{{cite news|title=AAI has a list of grouses with Army |url=http://www.asianage.com/india/aai-has-list-grouses-army-327 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020140556/http://www.asianage.com/india/aai-has-list-grouses-army-327 |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 October 2018 |publisher=[[The Asian Age]] |date=18 September 2010 |access-date=25 January 2012 }}</ref> On 7 December 2018, the airport got the commercial licence from the DGCA for operating commercial flights by using 19-seater aircraft. On 27 January 2021, the airport got the commercial licence from DGCA for operating commercial flights, this time for 72-seater aircraft.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bilaspur airport gets commercial flight license |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/bilaspur-airport-gets-706778.html |publisher=[[Deccan Herald]]}}</ref> On 2 February 2021, the former Union [[Ministry of Civil Aviation (India)|Minister of Civil Aviation]], [[Hardeep Singh Puri]], announced that commercial flight services will be operational from the airport to [[Prayagraj]], [[Delhi]], Bhopal and [[Jabalpur]] from 1 March 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.patrika.com/raipur-news/bilaspur-delhi-new-flight-service-will-start-from-march-1-6676486/ |title=Bilaspur-Delhi air service will start from March 1, Union Civil Aviation Minister announced |publisher= [[Rajasthan Patrika]] |access-date=2 February 2021}}</ref> As of May 2023, [[Alliance Air (India)|Alliance Air]] operates regular and weekly flights to Bhopal, [[Indore]], Prayagraj and Jabalpur.

==Airfield==

[[File:Alliance Air Aircraft at Bilaspur Airport 566836888.png|thumb|Apron area of the airport]]

The airport has a passenger terminal, an [[Air Traffic Control]] (ATC) tower and one runway, oriented 17/35, is 1,535 metres long and 30 metres wide, with turning pads at both ends. A 630-metre long taxiway connects the runway to a small [[helipad]]-cum-[[Airport ramp|apron]], among other ancillary facilities, like a fire station. It is situated at an elevation of 276 metres above mean sea level.

The runway at present caters to only [[ATR 72|ATR-72]] type aircraft, which is too small for handling larger aircraft like the [[Boeing 737]] and [[Airbus A320 family|Airbus A320]], which need a runway at least 2,190 metres in length and 45 metres in width (6,860 ft.). This means low-cost carriers like [[IndiGo]], [[AIX Connect]] and [[Go First]], which have a fleet of the types of aircraft mentioned above, cannot serve the airport until the runway is extended and widened.

==Airlines and destinations==

{{Airport-dest-list

| [[Alliance Air (India)|Alliance Air]] | [[Indira Gandhi International Airport|Delhi]], [[Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport|Kolkata]], [[Prayagraj Airport|Prayagraj]]
}}

== Statistics ==
{{Airport-Statistics|iata=PAB}}

==2019 Indefinite Strike==

On 26 October 2019, a large number of local residents began an indefinite strike to protest against the [[Government of India|Central]] and [[Government of Chhattisgarh|State]] Governments for demanding more air connectivity from the airport, at a city townhall, named Raghvendra Rao Bhawan. Their demands were as follows:

* The airport should be upgraded to a full-fledged 4C category airport, by expanding the runway to facilitate larger aircraft to operate, or to develop a new completely new airport.
* Connectivity to metro cities like [[Delhi]], [[Mumbai]], [[Chennai]], [[Bengaluru]], etc.

The people also started gathering on the social media platforms of [[Twitter]] and [https://instagram.com/bilaspur_airport?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y= Instagram], by creating a group named '' "BAAC" '' (Bilaspur Airport Awareness Campaign), for the same demands, asking directly to the [[Ministry of Civil Aviation (India)|Ministry of Civil Aviation]], [[Chief Minister of Chhattisgarh]] and the Member of Parliament and Legislative Assembly of [[Bilaspur (Chhattisgarh Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bilaspur constituency]] to draw their attention towards development of the airport and to take immediate actions. The group on the two social media platforms was created so that people among it share updates and announcements based on the airport's development.

As of May 2023, the airport has been operationalized for 3C operations, and has regular and weekly flights to [[Delhi]] via [[Jabalpur]] and [[Allahabad]], along with [[Bhopal]] and [[Indore]], both of which are suspended due to some issues with the only operating airline, [[Alliance Air (India)|Alliance Air]]. Local residents of [[Bilaspur district, Chhattisgarh|Bilaspur district]] are still continuing their strike by asking for the airport upgradation from 3C to 4C category.

==See also==
* [[Raipur Airport|Swami Vivekananda International Airport, Raipur]]
* [[Jagdalpur Airport]]
* [[Jharsuguda Airport]]
* [[List of airports in India]]
* [[List of the busiest airports in India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Airports in India}}

* [https://instagram.com/bilaspur_airport?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y= Bilaspur Airport at Instagram]

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:Airports in Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:Military airbases established in 1942]]
[[Category:1942 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Airports Authority of India]]

Vanaratna

2026-03-31T16:57:26Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding some stub initial version

{{Short description|Indian Buddhist monk and scholar}}
{{Infobox religious biography
|name = Vanaratna
|image = The Mahasiddha (Great Adept) Vanaratna (1384-1468) Receiving Abhishekha (Initiation) from Sita Tara (White Tara) LACMA M.77.19.3.jpg
|image_size = 300px
|caption = Nepalese depiction of Vanaratna receiving initiation from [[Tara (Buddhism)|White Tara]]
|alias =
|dharma name =
|birth_date = {{circa|1384 CE}}
|birth_place = Sadnagara
|death_date = {{circa|1468 CE}}
|death_place =
|nationality =
|religion = [[Buddhism]]
|title =
|location =
|education =
|reincarnation of =
|students =
|spouse =
|children =
}}
'''Vanaratna''' (c. 1384-1468 CE), was an [[History of Buddhism in India|Indian Buddhist]] monk and scholar. Along with [[Dhyānabhadra]] (c. 1289–1363 C.E) and [[Śāriputra (15th-century)|Śāriputra]] (c. 1335-1426 CE), he is one of the last recorded Indian Buddhists in the pre-modern era.<ref>{{cite book |title=Proceedings of the seminars of the International Association for Tibetan Studies, Volume 1 |date=2002 |publisher=Brill |isbn=9789004127753 |page=135 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UsC1sEKQNeYC&dq=vanaratna&pg=PA135}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Tuladhar-Douglas |first1=Will |title=Remaking Buddhism for Medieval Nepal: The Fifteenth-Century Reformation of Newar Buddhism |date=2007 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781134241965 |pages=151–155 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_bx_AgAAQBAJ&dq=vanaratna&pg=PA153}}</ref>

==Biography==
The details of Vanaratna's life are recorded by his Tibetan biographers. Notably the ''mKhas pa chen po dpal nags kyi rin chen gyi rnam par thar pa'' (Life of the Great Paṇḍita, the Illustrious Vanaratna) which was written by [[Gö Lotsawa Zhönnu-pel]].{{sfn|Damron|2021|p=xxxv}}
Vanaratna was born in 1384 CE into the ruling family of the city of Sadnagara. The exact location of Sadnagara is uncertain although Tibetan sources have identified it as being three months of travel east of [[Bodh Gaya]] so likely in the far-eastern regions of [[Bengal]] around the area of modern [[Chittagong]]. Vanaratna was orphaned at an early age with his father dying early and his mother being unfit to raise him due to alcoholism.{{sfn|Damron|2021|p=75}} Because of this, he was ordained as a [[bhikkhu|monk]] at Mahācatiya Vihāra at the age of eight where he was educated in both the [[Mahayana]] and [[Vajrayana]] schools of Buddhism.

===Travels===
By the age of twenty in 1404 CE, he left Sadnagara to live as an itinerant monk and scholar with [[Sri Lanka]] being the first destination he set out for from the port of [[Chittagong]].{{sfn|Damron|2021|p=2-5}} On his way to Sri Lanka, he stopped at the town of [[Kaveripattinam, Krishnagiri|Kaveripattinam]] where he engaged with the local Buddhist community. He eventually arrived in the [[Kingdom of Gampola]].{{sfn|Damron|2021|p=76}}

During his time in Sri Lanka, Vanaratna spent his time focusing on meditation and study. The island was said to have been filled with [[stupas]] at the time, which was the focus of reverence among the local population, and Vanaratna also visited many of these. Tibetan biographers also focus on his ascent of the holy mountain of [[Adam's Peak|Sri Pada]]. In total, he spent six years on the island before he departed back to India in 1411.{{sfn|Damron|2021|p=76}}

From 1411 onwards, he stayed in the region around the [[Krishna River|Krishna River valley]] in modern-day [[Andhra Pradesh]] where he stayed and taught with a small Buddhist community. His next location after this was to travel to [[Magadha]] around the sacred site of [[Bodh Gaya]] where he arrived in 1416 CE.{{sfn|Damron|2021|p=92}} In Bodh Gaya, Vanaratna was disappointed to discover that the Buddhist community was small with non-Buddhist [[Vaishnavism|Vaishnavites]] now forming the majority community there. Despite this, the local kings continued to support the remaining small Buddhist community around the [[Mahabodhi Temple]]. He also visited the nearby site of [[Nalanda]] which at this time was no longer functioning and had long since been abandoned. It was in Magadha that Vanaratna reached the decision to leave India and travel to [[Nepal]] and [[Tibet]], likely due to the lack of a thriving Buddhist community.{{sfn|Damron|2021|p=93}}

Vanaratna left India finally in 1422 and arrived in the [[Kathmandu Valley]] in 1423 CE. It was here that he discovered the large Buddhist community that he had long been seeking. In 1427, he left Nepal and travelled to [[Tibet]] where again he joined with the local Buddhist community.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Parajuli |first1=Punya Prasad |title=Vanaratna and his activities in Fifteenth-Century Nepal |journal=Himalayan Passages: Tibetan and Newar Studies in Honor of Hubert Decleer |date=2014 |pages=287–296 |isbn=978-1-61429-092-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n6QqAwAAQBAJ&dq=vanaratna&pg=PT268}}</ref> It was at this point that Vanaratna embarked on his literary career where gained great renown. He spent his time between Nepal and Tibet until his death in 1468 CE.{{sfn|Damron|2021|p=112}}

==Vanaratna codex==
The so-called "Vanaratna codex" is a multiple text palm-leaf manuscript closely associated with the life and works of Vanaratna and was said to have been "prepared under his close supervision". These assorted texts are mainly esoteric in nature and were written in the [[Sanskrit language]]. Some of the texts contained in the manuscript seem to be translations made by Vanaratna of Tibetan texts that were transmitted orally. The Indologist Harunaga Isaacson estimates that the codex was compiled at some point between 1426 CE and 1468 CE.<ref name="Delhey2021">{{cite journal |last1=Delhey |first1=Martin |title=The 'Vanaratna Codex': A Rare Document of Buddhist Text Transmission |journal=Education Materialised Reconstructing Teaching and Learning Contexts Through Manuscripts |date=2021 |pages=379–394 |doi=10.1515/9783110741124-019 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

The manuscript was originally found in [[Nepal]] and is now kept by the [[Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland]] in [[London]].<ref name= "Delhey2021"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}
==Sources==
*{{cite thesis |last1=Damron|first1=Ryan |title=A Gift of the Dharma: The Life and Works of Vanaratna (1384-1468) (PhD theses) |date=2021 |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/650099gx}}

[[Category:Indian Buddhist monks]]
[[Category:15th-century Buddhist monks]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian monks]]
[[Category:Indian Buddhist missionaries]]

Shree 420

2026-03-28T06:29:50Z

Vijaysakumedia: slightly added intro further to improve readability

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Shree 420
| image = Shree420Poster.jpg
| caption = Original poster
| director = [[Raj Kapoor]]
| producer = [[Raj Kapoor]]
| story = Khwaja Ahmad Abbas<ref name="shree117">{{Cite AV media|title=Shree 420{{!}}1955 |location= 1:17}}</ref>
| screenplay = [[Khwaja Ahmad Abbas]] V.P. Sathe<ref name="shree117"/>
| starring = [[Raj Kapoor]] [[Nargis]] [[Nadira (Indian actress)|Nadira]]
| cinematography = [[Radhu Karmakar]]
| editing = [[G. G. Mayekar|G.G. Mayekar]]
| runtime = 168 minutes
| language = Hindi
| music = [[Shankar–Jaikishan]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1955|09|06}}
| country = India
| gross = {{INR|3.9}} crore<ref>{{Cite web |title=Box Office 1955 |url=http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=161&catName=MTk1NQ== |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102005600/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=161&catName=MTk1NQ== |archive-date=2010-01-02 |access-date=2026-03-28 |website=BoxOfficeIndia.com}}</ref>

}}

'''''Shree 420''''' (also spelled as '''''Shri 420'''''; {{translation|Mr. 420}}) is a 1955 Indian Hindi [[comedy-drama]] film directed and produced by [[Raj Kapoor]] from a story written by [[Khwaja Ahmad Abbas]] whose use of Shree with the negative connotations of 420 caused controversy. The film stars [[Nargis]], [[Nadira (Indian actress)|Nadira]], and Kapoor. The number 420 refers to [[Section 420]] of the [[Indian Penal Code]], which prescribes the punishment for the offence of [[fraud]]; hence, "Mr. 420" is a derogatory term for a fraudster. The film centers on Raj Kapoor, a poor but educated orphan who comes to [[Bombay]] with dreams of success. Kapoor's character is influenced by [[Charlie Chaplin]]'s "[[The Tramp|little tramp]]", much like Kapoor's character in his 1951 ''[[Awaara]]''. The music was composed by the team of [[Shankar Jaikishan]], and the lyrics were penned by [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]] and [[Hasrat Jaipuri]].

''Shree 420'' was the [[List of highest-grossing Indian films|highest-grossing Indian film]] of 1955,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=161&catName=MTk1NQ== |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012165134/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=161&catName=MTk1NQ== |title=Box Office 1955 |work=Box Office India |date=12 October 2012|archive-date=12 October 2012}}</ref> the highest grossing Indian film of all time at the time of its release and the song "[[Mera Joota Hai Japani]]" ("My Shoes are Japanese"), sung by [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]], became popular and a patriotic symbol of the newly independent India. The movie had numerous other hit songs like "Pyaar hua ikrar hua", a duet with [[Nargis]] sung in monsoon old Bombay.

==Plot==
Raj ([[Raj Kapoor]]), a country boy from [[Allahabad]], travels to the big city, [[Mumbai|Bombay]], by walking, to earn a living. He falls in love with the poor but virtuous Vidya ([[Nargis]]), but is soon seduced by the riches of a freewheeling and unethical [[lifestyle (sociology)|lifestyle]] presented to him by an unscrupulous and dishonest businessman, Seth Sonachand Dharmanand (Nemo) and the sultry temptress Maya ([[Nadira (Indian actress)|Nadira]]). He eventually becomes a [[confidence trickster]], or "420," who even cheats in card gambling. Vidya tries hard to make Raj a good man, but fails.<ref name="youku">{{cite web|title=Shree 420 - Full movie|url=http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzkyNDA1MTky.html|website=www.youku.com|publisher=RK Films / You Ku|access-date=15 June 2017|archive-date=29 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029012437/http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMzkyNDA1MTky.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Meanwhile, Sonachand comes up with a [[Ponzi scheme]] to exploit poor people, whereby he promises permanent homes to them at just Rs. 100. The scheme pays off, as people start hoarding money for a home, even at the cost of other important things. Vidya's contempt for Raj increases even more. Raj becomes wealthy but soon realizes that he paid a very high price for it. When Raj discovers that Sonachand has no plans to fulfill his promises, he decides to make wrongs right.

Raj takes all the bond papers of the people's homes and tries to flee Sonachand's home, only to be caught by Sonachand and his cronies. In a scuffle that occurs, Sonachand shoots Raj and he falls unconscious. When people hear the shooting, they come and see Raj nearly dead. Sonachand tells the police that Raj was trying to flee after stealing money from his safe, hence Sonachand shot him.

Upon this, the "dead" Raj springs back to life and, using pure logic, proves Sonachand's guilt. Sonachand and his partners are arrested, while Vidya happily forgives Raj. The film ends with Raj saying "Yeh 420 Nahin, Shree 420 Hain" ("These are not simply con men, they are respectable con men").

==Cast==
;Cast in order of the opening credits of the film:
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Nargis]] as Vidya
* [[Nadira (Indian actress)|Nadira]] as Maya
* [[Raj Kapoor]] as Ranbir Raj / Rajkumar Saxena
* Nemo as Seth Sonachand Dharmanand
* [[Lalita Pawar]] as Ganga Mai
* M. Kumar as Beggar
* [[Indira Billi]] as Seth Sonachand Dharmanand's daughter
* [[Hari Shivdasani]] as Philachand
* [[Nana Palsikar]]
* [[Bhudo Advani]] as Dharmanand's valet
* Pessi Patel as Pawn Shop Owner
* [[Ramesh Sinha]] as Street Dweller
* [[Rashid Khan (actor)|Rashid Khan]] as Raddiwala
* [[Shankar-Jaikishan|Jaikishan]] as Johny
* Sheila Vaaz as dancer
* S. P. Berry
* [[Kathana (actress)|Kathana]] as Customer
* [[Satyanarayan]]
* [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]] lyricist
* Rajoo as young boy
* Mansaram
* [[Iftekhar|Iftikhar]] as Police Inspector
* [[Tun Tun|Uma Devi]] as Maya's Neighbor
* Anwari
* Mirajkar as Inspector
* Bhagwandas
* Bishamber
{{div col end}}

==Allusions==
The title refers to [[section 420]] of the [[Indian penal code]], where crimes of theft and deception are punished, which relates to the troubles of the main character.

In [[Sanskrit]], the name of the main character, "Vidya", means knowledge, while "[[Maya (illusion)|Maya]]" means Illusion.

The title of one of the songs in the movie is "Ramaiya Vastavaiya" is in [[Telugu language|Telugu]], which means "Ramaiya, come quickly". Apart from that, the rest of the song's lyrics (and the film) are in Hindi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Humming SRK's 'Not Ramaiya Vastavaiya'? Know the story behind the phrase |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/humming-srks-not-ramaiya-vastavaiya-know-the-story-behind-the-phrase-2427704-2023-08-28 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=2 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902093122/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/humming-srks-not-ramaiya-vastavaiya-know-the-story-behind-the-phrase-2427704-2023-08-28 |url-status=live |date=28 August 2023}}</ref>

At the beginning of the movie, the main protagonist explains to a policeman that one needs to stand on one's head to make sense of this world. He mentions that this is the reason why even great leaders stand on their heads. This is an allusion to several political leaders of that time who enjoyed practicing the [[Shirshasana]], a [[yoga]] [[asana]] where one stands on his head. In his [[autobiography]], [[Nehru]] described that the shirshasana was his favorite pose, and how he often did the shirshasana in jail, too.

==Production==
{{quote box
| quote = "I had to give a shot and it was raining that day. It was difficult for the crew to make me prepare for the shot. I had just to walk without any expression. It was Nargis who came up with the idea to offer me chocolate to get the shot done. In that sense, I started taking bribes when I was two-year-old."
| source = – Rishi Kapoor, January 20, 2017
| align = right
| width = 30%
}}

Raj Kapoor's real-life children Randhir, Ritu and Rishi were featured in the song "Pyar Hua Iqrar Hua", Rishi revealed that Nargis bribed him with chocolate and recalled it in a 2017 interview.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/did-shree-420-role-only-after-a-chocolate-bribe-rishi-860334-2017-01-20|title=Did Shree 420 role only after a chocolate bribe: Rishi|agency=Press Trust of India|date=January 20, 2017|work=India Today|access-date=18 January 2019|archive-date=19 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121632/https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/did-shree-420-role-only-after-a-chocolate-bribe-rishi-860334-2017-01-20|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{-}}

==Reception==
The song "[[Mera Joota Hai Japani]]", in which the singer asserts his pride in being an Indian, despite his clothes being from other countries, became, and remains, a patriotic favourite among many Indians. It is often referenced, including in an acceptance speech at the Frankfurt Book Fair in 2006 by Bengali author [[Mahasweta Devi]].

The film proved to be popular in other countries, including the [[Soviet Union]], [[Romania]], and [[Israel]]. In Russia, it was said that Raj Kapoor was as popular as [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], due to the success of ''[[Awaara]]'' and ''Shree 420''. In Israel, the song "Ichak Dana Beechak Dana" (transliterated as "Ichikidana") became popular and was re-recorded by local singer Naim Rajuan.

In 2023, [[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]] ranked it #23 on its list of the "100 Best Bollywood Movies."<ref name="best">{{cite web |date=7 February 2023 |title=The 100 best Bollywood movies |url=https://www.timeout.com/film/the-100-best-bollywood-movies-the-list |access-date=28 November 2023 |work=[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]] |archive-date=20 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230820130100/https://www.timeout.com/film/the-100-best-bollywood-movies-the-list |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Box office===
At the Indian box office in 1955, the film [[Gross revenue|grossed]] {{INRConvert|3.9|c|year=1955|lk=c}}, with a [[net income]] of {{INRConvert|2|c|year=1955|lk=r}}.<ref name="boi55">{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=161&catName=MTk1NQ==|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030022739/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=161&catName=MTk1NQ==|archive-date=2013-10-30|title=Boxofficeindia.com|date=30 October 2013}}</ref> This record was beaten two years later by ''[[Mother India]]'' in 1957.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/b-town-rewind-the-tale-of-the-first-bollywood-crore/15162064 |title=B-Town rewind: The tale of the first Bollywood crore - Entertainment |date=16 March 2014 |publisher=Mid-day.com |access-date=2015-09-18 |archive-date=16 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316114251/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/b-town-rewind-the-tale-of-the-first-bollywood-crore/15162064 |url-status=live }}</ref>

It was released in the Soviet Union in 1956, coming second on the [[List of Soviet films of the year by ticket sales|Soviet box office charts]] that year.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rajagopalan |first=Sudha |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cpoLAQAAMAAJ |title=Indian Films in Soviet Cinemas: The Culture of Movie-going After Stalin |date=2008 |publisher=Indiana University Press |isbn=978-0-253-22099-8 |page=86 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230806001013/https://books.google.com/books?id=cpoLAQAAMAAJ |archive-date=6 August 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Despite being imported at an unusually high price, it was the most successful foreign film of the year at the Soviet box office, drawing an audience of 35 million viewers.<ref name="indiana163">{{Cite book |last=Rajagopalan |first=Sudha |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-FceAQAAMAAJ |title=A Taste for Indian Films: Negotiating Cultural Boundaries in Post-Stalinist Soviet Society |date=2005 |publisher=[[Indiana University]] |pages=163 |access-date=14 March 2023 |archive-date=2 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702092511/https://books.google.com/books?id=-FceAQAAMAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The song ''Pyar Hua Iqrar Hua'' is also very famous. It has become a symbol of romance, and was used many times, notably for advertising.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Worldwide gross revenue
|-
! Territory
! Gross
! Adjusted gross
!Footfalls
|-
| [[List of highest-grossing films in India|Domestic (India)]]
| {{INR|link=yes}}3.9{{nbsp}}[[crore]]<ref name="boi55"/> ([[United States dollar|$]]8.19{{nbsp}}million){{#tag:ref|4.7619 [[Indian rupee]]s per [[US dollar]] from 1950 to 1965<ref>{{cite web |url=http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/etc/USDpages.pdf#page=3 |title=Pacific Exchange Rate Service |work=fx.sauder |access-date=3 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150512095429/http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/etc/USDpages.pdf#page=3 |archive-date=12 May 2015 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>|group=n|name=RupeeUSD}} in [[1955 in film|1955]]
| ${{Inflation|US|8.19|1955}}{{nbsp}}million ([[Bollywood 100 Crore Club|{{INR}}490{{nbsp}}crore]])<ref name="exchange16">{{cite web|url=https://www.ofx.com/en-gb/forex-news/historical-exchange-rates/yearly-average-rates/|title=Yearly Average Rates|website=OFX|access-date=3 July 2017|archive-date=13 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713183556/https://www.ofx.com/en-gb/forex-news/historical-exchange-rates/yearly-average-rates/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|35,000,000+<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=17 May 2020 |title=Most Watched Bollywood (Hindi) Movies of All Time (1940-2019) - Movies with Highest Footfall Ever |url=https://www.addatoday.com/2020/05/most-watched-bollywood-hindi-films-of.html |access-date=2022-05-05 |website=Addatoday |archive-date=20 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520000124/https://www.addatoday.com/2020/05/most-watched-bollywood-hindi-films-of.html |url-status=live |last=Ankur}}</ref>
|-
| [[List of highest-grossing Indian films in overseas markets|Overseas]] ([[Soviet Union]])
| 8.75{{nbsp}}million [[Soviet rouble|Rbls]]{{#tag:ref|35 million Soviet tickets sold,<ref name="indiana163"/> average ticket price of 25 [[kopeck]]s<ref>{{Cite book |last=Roth-Ey |first=Kristin |url=https://is.muni.cz/el/1421/podzim2015/FAV291/um/Roth-Ey-Moscow_Prime_Time.pdf#page=5 |title=Moscow Prime Time: How the Soviet Union Built the Media Empire that Lost the Cultural Cold War |date=2011-05-15 |publisher=Cornell University Press |isbn=978-1-5017-7142-2 |page=48 |language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510014311/https://is.muni.cz/el/1421/podzim2015/FAV291/um/Roth-Ey-Moscow_Prime_Time.pdf#page=7 |archive-date=10 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>|group=n}} ($2.19{{nbsp}}million){{#tag:ref|4 [[Soviet rouble|Rbl]]s per US dollar from 1950 to 1960<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive of Bank of Russia |url=http://cbr.ru/currency_base/OldDataFiles/USD.xls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170717030948/http://cbr.ru/currency_base/OldDataFiles/USD.xls |archive-date=2017-07-17 |access-date=2026-03-28 |website=cbr.ru}}</ref>|group=n|name=RubleUSD}} ({{INR}}1.04{{nbsp}}crore)<ref group="n" name="RupeeUSD"/>
| ${{Inflation|US|2.19|1956}}{{nbsp}}million ({{INR}}128{{nbsp}}crore)<ref name="exchange16"/>
|35,000,000<ref name="indiana163" />
|-
! [[List of highest-grossing Indian films|Worldwide]]
! {{INR}}{{#expr:3.9+1.04}}{{nbsp}}crore (${{#expr:8.19+2.19}}{{nbsp}}million)
! {{INR}}{{#expr:490+128}}{{nbsp}}crore (${{#expr:73+19}}{{nbsp}}million)
!70,000,000+
|}

==Soundtrack==
The song "Mera Joota Hai Japani" was reused in the 2016 American English-language film ''[[Deadpool (2016 film)|Deadpool]]''.
{{Tracklist
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Dil Ka Haal Sune Dilwaala
| extra1 = [[Manna Dey]]
| lyrics1 = [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]]
| length1 = 5:36
| title2 = [[Mera Joota Hai Japani|Mera Juta Hai Japani]]
| extra2 = [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]]
| length2 = 4:33
| lyrics2 = Shailendra
| title3 = Mud Mud Ke Na Dekh
| extra3 = [[Manna Dey]], [[Asha Bhosle]]
| length3 = 6:34
| lyrics3 = Shailendra
| title4 = Pyar Hua Iqrar Hua
| extra4 = [[Lata Mangeshkar]], Manna Dey
| lyrics4 = Shailendra
| length4 = 4:22
| title5 = Ramaiya Vastavaiya
| extra5 = Lata Mangeshkar, [[Mohammed Rafi]], Mukesh
| lyrics5 = Shailendra
| length5 = 6:10
| title6 = Ichak Dana Beechak Dana
| extra6 = Lata Mangeshkar, Mukesh
| lyrics6 = [[Hasrat Jaipuri]]
| length6 = 5:08
| title7 = O Janewale
| lyrics7 = Hasrat Jaipuri
| extra7 = Lata Mangeshkar
| length7 = 2:20
| title8 = Sham Gayi Raat Aayi
| lyrics8 = Hasrat Jaipuri
| extra8 = Lata Mangeshkar
| length8 = 4:00
}}

==Awards==
* 1956: [[Filmfare Awards]]
** [[Filmfare Best Cinematographer Award|Best Cinematographer]]: [[Radhu Karmakar]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://deep750.googlepages.com/FilmfareAwards.pdf|title=Filmfare Nominees and Winners|publisher=Deep750.googlepages.com|access-date=2015-09-18|archive-date=12 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090612065210/http://deep750.googlepages.com/FilmfareAwards.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
** [[Filmfare Best Editing Award|Best Editing]]: [[G. G. Mayekar|G.G. Mayekar]]
* [[National Film Awards]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm3rdNFAAward.aspx?PdfName=3NFA.pdf |title=Directorate of Film Festival |publisher=Iffi.nic.in |access-date=2015-09-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304105331/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm3rdNFAAward.aspx?PdfName=3NFA.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
** [[3rd National Film Awards|1956]]: [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi|Certificate of Merit for the Second Best Feature Film in Hindi]]

==See also==
*''[[Raju Ban Gaya Gentleman]]''

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=n}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite journal|last1=Brown|first1=Rebecca M|title=Partition and the uses of history in Waqt/ Time|journal=Screen|date=2007|volume=48|issue=2|pages=161–177|location=Oxford University Press|oclc=365246366|doi=10.1093/screen/hjm013}}
* {{cite book|last1=Blanco|first1=Maria del Pilar|last2=Peeren|first2=Esther|title=Popular Ghosts: The Haunted Spaces of Everyday Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4kawiEQ6mTkC&pg=PA88|date=1 April 2010|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-1-4411-6401-8|page=88}}
* {{cite book|last1=Hillier|first1=Jim|last2=Pye|first2=Doug|title=100 Film Musicals|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MWsdBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA206|date=24 May 2011|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-84457-568-8|page=206}}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=0048613}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qu8ShpSlFX0 Full movie on YouTube], also [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0UuULHKfco]
* [http://www.rediff.com/movies/2002/feb/21dinesh.htm Rediff.com - Classics Revisited: Shree 420]
* [http://www.letstalkaboutbollywood.com/article-14777347.html Shree 420: film analysis at ''Let's talk about Bollywood'']

{{Raj Kapoor}}
{{K. A. Abbas}}
{{National Film Award Best Feature Film Hindi}}

[[Category:1955 films]]
[[Category:1955 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Raj Kapoor]]
[[Category:Films about orphans]]
[[Category:Indian epic films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Shankar–Jaikishan]]
[[Category:R. K. Films films]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas]]
[[Category:Indian Penal Code]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:1955 comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]

Durru Shehvar Children's & General Hospital

2026-03-25T02:34:27Z

Vijaysakumedia: minor expanded intro as per guidelines also and corrected details as per guidelines

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox hospital
| name = Princess Durru Shehvar Children's & General Hospital
| logo=Princess_Durru_Shehvar_Children's_and_General_Hospital_Logo.jpg
| image =Princess Durru Shehvar (cropped).jpg
| caption=Founder: Princess Durru Shehvar.
| location = 22-3-660/A, Purani Haveli, [[Hyderabad]] 500002
| coordinates = {{coord|17.367312
|78.482658|type:landmark|display=inline, title}}
| state = [[Telangana]]
| country = [[India]]
| type = Multispecialty, (Flagship departments [[Neonatal care]] [[Paediatrics]] [[Gynaecology]] & [[Obstetrics]])
| healthcare = Secondary.
| emergency = Adult & Paediatric [[Medical Emergency]] Round-the-clock
| beds = 200 above
| speciality = Multispecialty
| affiliation= [[National Board of Examinations in Medical Sciences]] N.B.E.M.S
| opened = 18 March 1989.
Founded by: [[Princess Durru Shehvar]] Chairman: [[Prince Muffakham Jah]]
{{URL|https://pdscgh.org/}}
}}
'''Princess Durru Shehvar Children's & General Hospital''' (PDSC&GH)<ref>{{cite web |title=Princess durru shehvar Children's and General hospital|url=https://pdscgh.org/about-us-2/}}</ref> is a non-profit, non-governmental [[hospital]] in Hyderabad Telangana India.<ref>{{cite web |title=Recognized Hospitals|url=https://dme.telangana.gov.in/open_record.php?ID=139 |publisher=Directorate of Medical Education Telangana|website=Department of Health, Medical and Family Welfare|access-date= 3 March 2020}}</ref>

==History==
The Princess Durru Shehvar Children's Medical Aid Society was established in 1983, which opened the hospital on March 18, 1989,
primarily as a children's hospital. The foundation stone was laid by its namesake, [[Dürrüşehvar Sultan|Princess Durru Shehvar]], mother of the society's chair [[Prince Muffakham Jah]].The hospital later began to provide medical care to pregnant women, as well as [[prenatal care|prenatal]] and [[postnatal care]], and eventually expanded its services to become a [[Hospital#General|general hospital]].<ref>{{cite web |title =Princess Durru Shehvar Children's and General |url=https://pdscgh.org/
|date=April 2024}}</ref> The society opened a college of nursing in 2003.

==Hospital Accreditation & Academics==
This hospital is accredited by [[National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers]] NABH, NABH Digital.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of NABH Accredited hospitals|url=https://portal.nabh.co/frmViewAccreditedHosp.aspx#gsc.tab=0 |publisher=National Accreditation board for hospitals and Healthcare Providers}}</ref>
Princess Durru Shehvar Children's & General Hospital has been accredited by the National Board of Examinations in Medical Science (NBEMS), New Delhi for imparting training on different broad specialty DNB programs.

The duration of the course for Post MBBS candidates is for 3 years. Candidates who have already completed a recognized PG Diploma program of 2 years in a particular specialty can undergo a 2 years Post Diploma DNB Programme in the same specialty.

Dr. Saud Ahmed Khan is the administrator of Academics, IT, and NABH Quality department.<ref>{{cite web |title=Academics and Hospital Accreditation |url=https://pdscgh.org/dnb/ |publisher=Pdsch.org}}</ref>

==Nursing College==
The Princess Durru Shehvar Children's Medical Aid Society (PDSCMAS) endowed from the main stream of H.E.H. the Nizam's Charitable Trust was founded on 19thJanuary 1983 to cater to the health and educational needs of the people of the local community. To meet these objectives, the Princess Durru Shehvar Children's and General Hospital (PDSC&GH) was established on 16th March 1989.
<ref>{{cite web |title=Princess Durru Shehvar College of Nursing |url=https://www.pdscon.org/ |publisher =pdscon.org}}</ref>

==Green Zone Hospital==
This hospital provides lush green garden, trees and spacious environment for patients.<ref>{{cite web|title=Our Commitment to Your Health and Well-Being|url=https://pdscgh.org/patient-care-services/|publisher=pdscgh.org}}</ref>[[File:Princess Durru Shehvar Children's & General Hospital.jpg|right|thumb|220px|Princess Durru Shehvar Children's & General Hospital]]

==Facilities==
*CT Scanning
*Ultrasound Scanning
*World-class ICU & NICU
*Advanced Operation Theatres
*Infection Control Systems
*Emergency & Casualty Department
*24/7 Pharmacy with all Medical and Surgical
*Robust Electronic Medical Record system
*Canteen for patients and visitors.
*Advanced Diagnostic Laboratory with integrated lab and storage services
*Blood Bank – Advanced technology used in blood collection, storage, and distribution.<ref>{{cite web |title=Facilities provided by hospital|url=https://pdscgh.org/facilities/}}</ref>
[[File:Princessdurrushehvarhospital.jpg|thumb|Princess Durru Shehvar Children's and General Hospital Out Patient]]
Medical services are subsidised by the government to make the healthcare affordable and accessible to all sections of society.

The hospital has all major insurance companies empanelled for cashless treatment.

The 200-bed facility is spread over an area of {{convert|11300|sqyd|m2}}. Additionally, there is an 8-bed [[Intensive care unit|pediatric intensive care unit]] (PICU) with a [[neonatal intensive care unit]] (NICU) equipped with neonatal ventilators, phototherapy units and centralised cardiac monitors. The intensive and critical care department offers 24-hour services to all patient groups with chronic disease conditions requiring [[life support]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Services provided by hospital|url=https://pdscgh.org/patient-care-services/}}</ref>

==Specialties & Departments==
*[[General Medicine]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of General Medicine|url=https://pdscgh.org/general-medicine/ |year=2026 |website=www.pdscgh.org}}</ref>
*[[Pulmonology]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of Pulmonology|url=https://pdscgh.org|year=2026 |website=www.pdscgh.org}}</ref>
*[[Pulmonary medicine]]
*[[Cardiology]] (non-interventional)<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of Cardiology |url=https://pdscgh.org/cardiology-2/}}</ref>
*[[Gastroenterology]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of Gastroenterology|url=https://pdscgh.org|year=2026 |website=www.pdscgh.org}}</ref>
*[[Surgical]] [[Gastroenterology]]
*[[Hepatology]]
*[[Hepatobiliary]] [[Liver]] [[Surgery]]
*[[Laparoscopy]] Surgery, Minimally Invasive Surgery.
*[[Endocrinology]]
*[[Oncology]]
*[[Radiology]]
*[[Pathology]]
*[[General surgery]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of General Surgery|url=https://pdscgh.org/general-surgery/}}
</ref>
*[[Internal medicine]]
*[[Orthopedic]] surgery Orthopaedic and fracture treatment
*[[Otolaryngology]] E.N.T (Ear, Nose, Throat)
*[[Nephrology]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of Nephrology|url=https://pdscgh.org|year=2026 |website=www.pdscgh.org}}</ref>
*[[Paediatrics]], Paediatric surgery <ref>{{cite web |title=Department of Paediatrics & Neonatology |url=https://pdscgh.org/neonatology/}}</ref>
*[[Neonatal Intensive Care Unit]]
*Paediatric Intensive Care Unit
*[[Dermatology]]
*[[Pathology]]
*[[Physiotherapy]]
*[[Reproductive]] health, [[Infertility]] Center
*[[Gynaecology]] and [[Obstetrics]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology |url=
https://pdscgh.org/gynocology-obstition/}}</ref>
*[[Urology]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of Urology|url=https://pdscgh.org|year=2026 |website=www.pdscgh.org}}</ref>
*[[Nutrition]] and [[Dietetics]]
*[[Dental Surgery|Dental]] Surgery

==Administration==
The hospital is managed by the Princess Durru Shehvar Children's Medical Aid Society, the board members of the society are 1.Syed Anis Hussain 2.Mahapara Ali 3.Mohammed Shafiq Uz Zaman 4.Dr.Sudhir Naik 5.Dr.Dilip Mathai 6.Bakhtiar Ahmed Ansari 7.Dr.Habeebuddin and the secretary of the society is Mr. Najeeb Ullah Khan, which has [[Non-profit laws of India|80G non-profit]] status.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hospital Profile {{!}} Princess Durru Shehvar Children's and General Hospital, Purani Haveli, Hyderabad, Telangana.
|url=https://pdscgh.org/|website=www.pdscgh.org|publisher=Princess Durru Shehvar Children's and General Hospital|access-date=3 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Exempt institutions |url=https://office.incometaxindia.gov.in/hindi/exemptions/Lists/Exempted%20Institutions/DispForm.aspx?ID=663 |publisher= Office of the income tax of India exemption list exempted Institutions |access-date= 1 June 2025}}</ref> {{As of|July 2025}}, Dr. Fazeelath Ali Khan is the present administrator and medical superintendent of hospital, K.G.M Faizani is the finance manager of hospital.<ref name=about>{{cite web |title=About US |url=https://pdscgh.org/about-us-2/ |publisher=Princess Durru Shehvar Hospital |access-date=18 February 2026}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://pdscgh.org/ Princess Durru Shehvar Children's & General Hospital website]
* [[List of hospitals in India]]
*[[:Category:Hospitals in Hyderabad, India|List of hospitals in Hyderabad, India.]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Princess Durru Shehvar Children's and General Hospital}}
[[Category:Children's hospitals in India]]
[[Category:Hospitals in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Hospitals established in Hyderabad State]]

Unnaruge Naan Irundhal

2026-03-20T21:48:55Z

Vijaysakumedia: added structure and fixed typos

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Unnaruge Naan Irundhal
| image = Unnaruge Naan Irundhal.jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Selvaa (director)|Selvaa]]
| writer = Murthy Ramesh Nagulan Ponnusamy (dialogues)
| screenplay = Selvaa
| producer = K. Muralidharan V. Swaminathan G. Venugopal
| starring = [[R. Parthiban]] [[Meena (actress)|Meena]]
| cinematography = R. Raghunatha Reddy
| editing = [[Suresh Urs]]
| music = [[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
| studio = [[Lakshmi Movie Makers]]
| released = {{film date|1999|12|3|df=y}}
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Unnaruge Naan Irundhal''''' ({{translation|If I am around you}}) is a 1999 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[romantic comedy]] film directed by [[Selvaa (director)|Selvaa]]. It stars [[R. Parthiban]] and [[Meena (actress)|Meena]], while [[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]], [[Vadivelu]], [[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]], and [[Anandaraj]] play supporting roles. The film has music by [[Deva (composer)|Deva]], editing by [[Suresh Urs]], and cinematography by R. Raghunatha Reddy. It was released on 3 December 1999 and became a success.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Prasad |first=Ayyappa |title=Coming Attractions |url=http://www.screenindia.com/old/dec17/south.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503102203/http://www.screenindia.com/old/dec17/south.htm |archive-date=3 May 2008 |access-date=12 January 2022 |website=[[Screen (magazine)|Screen]]}}</ref>

== Plot ==
{{more plot|date=May 2023}}
[[R. Parthiban]] plays a die-hard fan of [[Rambha (actress)|Rambha]] and a self-interest governed taxi driver whose name is never revealed throughout the film. [[Meena (actress)|Meena]] plays Mahalakshmi, the daughter of a "zamindar" who has lost all his money due to financial troubles; his death leaves Mahalakshmi with a lot of debts (over two lakhs worth). Parthiban is the taxi driver that drives Mahalakshmi's dead father's corpse back to her hometown. There, the people that Mahalakshmi is now indebted to by [[Anandaraj]], who tortures Mahalakshmi with cruel words for being unable to pay the debt. Later, Parthiban helps Mahalakshmi out by giving his taxi in replace to her debt in order to save her at the point of time. However, the twist in the movie is that Parthiban irritates Mahalakshmi, though unwillingly, to get back his taxi as soon as possible. In the later part, Mahalakshmi falls in love with Parthiban for his continuous help and support towards Mahalakshmi. At that time Parthiban's dream girl actress, Rambha, comes for shooting in that palace, which makes Mahalakshmi very angry and jealous as all his attention has been diverted to Rambha. At the end of the shooting, Rambha tries to talk to Parthiban and Mahalakshmi and make them realise their love for each other. However, Mahalakshmi never sees any sign of Parthiban loving her and thus accepts to marry the villain (Anandaraj's) son to get back Parthiban's taxi and settle her debt. Eventually, Parthiban realises his love for Mahalakshmi and tries to stop the wedding as the groom is also a bad guy who cheated [[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]]'s daughter. Finally the movie ends on a happy note with Mahalakshmi getting back all her money and property and leading a happy life with Parthiban.

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
* [[R. Parthiban]] as Taxi Driver
* [[Meena (actress)|Meena]] as Mahalakshmi
* [[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]] as Caring Maid
* [[Vadivelu]] as Vadivelu
* [[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]] as Film Director
* [[Anandaraj]] as Jamindar
* [[Jai Ganesh]] as Rajamgam
* [[Sathyapriya]] as Sathyavadi
* [[Fathima Babu]] as Jamindar's wife
* [[Santhana Bharathi]]
* [[Kaka Radhakrishnan]]
* [[Vaiyapuri]]
*[[Nellai Siva]]
* [[Rambha (actress)|Rambha]] (guest appearance)
* [[Indraja]] (item dance)
* [[Anand (actor)|Anand]] (guest appearance)
* [[Anju Aravind]] (guest appearance)
* [[Sindhu (actress)|Sindhu]] (Vadivelu's Lover)
}}

== Soundtrack ==
Soundtrack was composed by [[Deva (composer)|Deva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 1999 |title=Unnaruge Naan Irundhal (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/unnaruge-naan-irundhal-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1340775853 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515055624/https://music.apple.com/us/album/unnaruge-naan-irundhal-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1340775853 |archive-date=15 May 2023 |access-date=15 May 2023 |website=[[Apple Music]]}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! Song !! Singer(s) !! Lyrics !! Duration
|-
| "Chinna Chinna Poove" || [[Sujatha Mohan|Sujatha]] || [[Na. Muthukumar]] || 05:51
|-
| "Enthan Uyire Enthan Uyire" || [[K. S. Chithra]], Krishnaraj || [[Thamarai]] || 06:07
|-
| "Podava Kattina" || [[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[Anuradha Sriram]] || K. Subash || 06:08
|-
| "Poori Poori" || [[Swarnalatha]], [[Unni Menon]] || Kalaikumar || 05:36
|-
| "Victoria Victoria" || [[Anuradha Sriram]], Naveen || [[Palani Bharathi]]|| 05:30
|}

== Reception ==
Savitha Padmanabhan of ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote, "The plot is cliched and the climax drags. But what makes the film watchable is the comedy track". She also appreciated Parthiban's performance and the dialogues.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Padmanabhan |first=Savitha |date=10 December 1999 |title=Cinema: Time \ Unnarugae Naanirunthal |url=http://www.indiaserver.com/thehindu/1999/12/10/stories/09100222.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010216174043/http://www.indiaserver.com/thehindu/1999/12/10/stories/09100222.htm |archive-date=16 February 2001 |access-date=27 July 2023 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> Aurangazeb of ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' praised Selva for making a film without the usual twists, fights, emotional scenes and also praised Parthiban for acting.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=ஒளரங்கசீப் |date=19 December 1999 |title=உன்னருகே நானிருந்தால் |url=https://archive.org/details/kalki1999-12-19/page/n97/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230515054807/https://archive.org/details/kalki1999-12-19/page/n97/mode/2up |archive-date=15 May 2023 |access-date=17 November 2022 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |language=ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> K. N. Vijiyan of ''[[New Straits Times]]'' wrote, "What lifts this movie above the mediocre are the scintillating dialogue and unusual love story. This is better than average, and everything you would expect from a Parthipan film".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vijiyan |first=K. N. |date=18 December 1999 |title=This one's a cut above |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=9k1OAAAAIBAJ&sjid=axQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3559%2C5316999 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621134825/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=9k1OAAAAIBAJ&sjid=axQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3559%2C5316999 |archive-date=21 June 2024 |access-date=7 February 2024 |work=[[New Straits Times]] |pages=Reel Stuff 4 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}</ref> ''Chennai Online'' wrote "It is a film that starts on a different note, is fairly interesting till it is half-way through & then gets distracted by unwanted additions to the narration. And finally peters down to predictable situations, leading to the desired happy ending".<ref>{{cite web |title=Unnaruge Nanirunthal |url=http://www.chennaionline.com/Moviereviews/tammov13.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040131122731/http://www.chennaionline.com/Moviereviews/tammov13.asp |archive-date=31 January 2004 |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Chennai Online}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}
{{Selva (director)}}

[[Category:1999 Indian films]]
[[Category:1999 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1999 films]]
[[Category:1999 romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Selva (director)]]
[[Category:Films scored by Deva (composer)]]
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

{{Improve categories|date=March 2024}}

Salaam Machhalishahari

2026-03-15T04:09:46Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding basic bio from scratch

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Salaam Machhalishahari
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 1 July 1921
| birth_place = [[Machhali Shahar]], District [[Jaunpur district|Jaunpur]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]].
| death_date = {{death-date and age|19 November 1972|1 July 1921}}
| death_place = [[Delhi]], [[India]]
| other_names =
| known_for = [[Nazm]]s, [[Ghazal]]s, [[Journalist]], [[Qat'aa]]
| occupation = Poet }}
{{Progressive Writers' Movement}}

'''Salaam Machhalishahari''' (1921-1972),<ref>Urdu Authors: Date list as on 31-05-2006 – S.No.1772 – Salaam Machhalishahari> maintained by National Council for Promotion of Urdu, Govt. of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development {{cite web |url=http://www.urducouncil.nic.in/urdu_wrld/u_auth/index_all.htm |title=National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language |access-date=2012-08-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301184839/http://www.urducouncil.nic.in/urdu_wrld/u_auth/index_all.htm |archive-date=2012-03-01 }}</ref><ref>Muktak Aur Rubaian (in Hindi) by Sherjung Garg p.243 https://books.google.com/books?isbn=8170780985</ref> or Salam Machhali Sheri, was an Indian [[Urdu]]-language poet.

==Biography==

Machhalishahari was born in [[Machhali Shahar]], a city in District [[Jaunpur district|Jaunpur]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]], on 1 July 1921.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rekhta.org/Poets/salam-machhli-shahri/profile|title=Salam Machhli shahri - Profile & Biography|website=Rekhta|access-date=2020-01-19}}</ref> He was fluent in [[Urdu]], [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[English language]]s.{{Citation needed|date= June 2018}} He worked in the Urdu Service Department of the [[All India Radio]], New Delhi. He died on 19 November 1972.{{Citation needed|date= June 2018}} Salam Macchlishheri is one of the few poets who escaped the ideological impact of Progressive Writers Movement and wrote a different kind of romantic poetry marked for its spontaneity and naturalness. He was one of the most read poets of his time and had special appeal with young readers.

He was born Abdussalam on July 1, 1921 at Mahatwana Macchlishehr in Jaunpur district. He was first made to learn Quran by heart. In 1935, he passed the middle school examination from a District Board school. He could complete only his high school education after which he got an employment and worked for Allahabad University library. During his service in the library, he got an opportunity to study the literatures of several languages. In 1933, he changed his job and worked as a script writer at Lucknow radio station. While in Lucknow, he also acted as the honorary editor of the University magazine called Mizraab. In 1952, he was promoted as Assistant Producer and posted at Srinagar radio station. After his tenure there, he was promoted as Producer and sent to Delhi radio station. For his cumulative contribution, the prestigious Padma Sri award was also conferred on him.

==Literary career==

Many of Machhalishahari’s ghazals have been put to music and sung
by [[Jagjit Singh]].<ref>Pratinidhi Shairy ( in Hindi ) p.17 https://books.google.com/books?isbn=8171197167</ref><ref>Jagjit Singh's Album "Ecstasies" includes Salaam's poem "Bahut dinon ki baat hai" http://www.fundoozone.com/forums/showthread.php?t=20708 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324115749/http://www.fundoozone.com/forums/showthread.php?t=20708 |date=24 March 2012 }}</ref> Machhalishahari also wrote sonnets in [[Urdu]].<ref>{{Cite web| title=Experiments in form of Modern Urdu Poetry | url=http://people.du.ac.in/~aahmad/Article_Eng/English%20Articles-2.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630105912/http://people.du.ac.in/~aahmad/Article_Eng/English%20Articles-2.pdf | archive-date=2018-06-30}}</ref> He was actively associated with the [[Progressive Writers Movement]].<ref>Hindi -"taraqipasand shayaron ko aap do-teen categories mein baant sakten hain.ek mein sardar jafri, kaifi azami aur niyaz haider taip shayar hain.doosari mein sahir ludhianavi aur salaam machhalishahari taip shayar hain." ( Progressive writers can be divided in two or three categories, in one are poets like [[Ali Sardar Jafri]], [[Kaifi Azmi]] and [[Niyaz Haider]], in the second are poets like [[Sahir Ludhianvi]] and Salaam Machhalishahari ) http://hindipatal.com/2011/04/26/निग़ाहों-के-साये{{Dead link|date=December 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In his Marathi article "Geet Yatre", Madhav Moholkar asserted that [[Faiz Ahmed Faiz]], [[Majaz]], Jazbi, Salaam Machhalishahari, [[Sahir Ludhianvi]] and other poets had started a new era of progressive poetry in Urdu literature.<ref>http://www.hamaraforums/index.php?showtopic=26300&mode=threaded{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

In 1996, the Urdu Academy published selected poems with the title ''Intekhab Salam Machhali Shehri'' {{ISBN|8171211011}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gmpublications.com/product_info.php?products_id=25331&gmPsid= |title=Global Media Publications: Intekhab Salam Machhli Shehri |publisher=Gmpublications.com |date=2005-06-03 |accessdate=2012-08-03}}</ref><ref>http://www.indiaclub/shop/SearchResults.asp?ProdStock=7423{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
A critical appraisal of his life and literary contributions is Aziz Indori's ''Salaam Machhalishahari – Shakhsiyat aur Funn''.<ref>[http://www.globalurduforum.org/authors/view/10355 (in Urdu)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009121953/http://www.globalurduforum.org/authors/view/10355 |date=2011-10-09 }}</ref>

==Bibliography==
* ''Intekhab Salam Machhali Shehri''

==References==
{{Reflist}}



{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Machhalishahari, Salaam}}
[[Category:Urdu-language poets]]
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:1972 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:Poets from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:Sonneteers]]

Eutropis tytleri

2026-03-06T11:16:49Z

Vijaysakumedia: creating a post and citations

{{Short description|Species of lizard}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Andaman Islands 03959-DeNoiseAI-severe-noise.jpg
| image_caption = Near Shoalbay, [[Andaman Islands]]
| name =
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |last1=Mohapatra |first1=P. |year=2021 |title=''Eutropis tytleri'' |volume=2021 |article-number=e.T172647A1358667 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T172647A1358667.en |access-date=4 June 2022}}</ref>
| genus = Eutropis
| species = tytleri
| authority = ([[William Theobald|Theobald]], 1868)<ref>[[William Theobald|Theobald W]] (1868). "Catalogue of Reptiles in the Museum of the Asiatic Society of Bengal". ''Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta'' '''37''' (2) (extra number 146): 7-88. (''Scincus tytleri'', new species, p. 23).</ref>
| synonyms = *''Scincus tytleri'' {{small|Theobald, 1868}}
*''Mabuia tytleri'' {{small|— [[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger]], 1887}}
*''Mabuya tytleri'' {{small|— [[Malcolm Arthur Smith|M.A. Smith]], 1935}}
*''Eutropis tytleri'' {{small|— [[species:Patrick Mausfeld|Mausfeld]] & [[:fr:Andreas Schmitz|Schmitz]], 2003}}
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="RDB"/>
}}

'''''Eutropis tytleri''''' (common name: '''Tytler's mabuya''') is a [[species]] of [[skink]], a lizard in the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Scincidae]]. The species is [[endemic]] to the [[Andaman Islands]], [[India]].

==Etymology and Taxonomy==
''E. tytleri'' is named after British naturalist [[Robert Christopher Tytler]],<ref>[[species:Bo Beolens|Beolens, Bo]]; [[species:Michael Watkins|Watkins, Michael]]; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. (''Mabuya tytleri'', p. 269).</ref> who probably collected the [[Type (biology)|type]].<ref name="RDB">{{NRDB species|genus=Eutropis|species=tytleri|access-date=19 July 2014}}</ref> It was [[description (biology)|described]] by the British [[naturalist]] [[William Theobald]] in 1868, who was employed by the [[Geological Survey of India]] at the time.{{citation needed|date=March 2026}}

==Habitat==
The preferred natural [[habitat]] of ''E. tytleri'' is [[forest]]s, at altitudes from sea level to {{convert|150|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name=iucn/> It can be found in native broadleaf forests, agricultural fields, coconut plantations, and around human dwellings and gardens.<ref name = iucn/>

==Description==
A large species of skink, ''E. tytleri'' may attain a [[Snout-vent length|snout-to-vent length]] (SVL) of {{convert|15|cm|in|abbr=on}}. The tail is long, from 1.5 to 2.2 times SVL. [[Dorsum (anatomy)|Dorsally]], it is bronzish brown. Ventrally, it is light yellow.<ref name=C&A>[[species:S.R. Chandramouli|Chandramouli SR]], [[species:A.A. Thasun Amarasinghe|Amarasinghe AAT]] (2020). "On two poorly known, insular skinks, ''Eutropis tytleri'' (Theobald, 1868) and ''E. andamanensis'' ([[Malcolm Arthur Smith|Smith]], 1935) (Reptilia: Scincidae), endemic to the Andaman Islands, India". ''Taprobanica'' '''9''' (1): 31–38.</ref> ''E. tytleri'' is thought to be the largest extant skink species native to the Indian subcontinent.<ref name=":0" />

==Behavior==
''E. tytleri'' is [[crepuscular]]. It has been observed climbing tree trunks to a height of {{convert|3|m|ft|abbr=on}}, and is also active on the ground.<ref name=C&A/>

==Diet==
''E. tytleri'' [[Predation|preys]] upon insects, frogs, and small reptiles.<ref name=C&A/>

==Reproduction==
The [[Modes of reproduction|mode of reproduction]] of ''E. tytleri'' is unknown.<ref name=RDB/><ref name=":0">[[species:Indraneil Das|Das I]] (2002).</ref>

==Relationship with humans==
While the forests to which ''E. tytleri'' lives appear to be shrinking as human use of its habitat increases, this species population does not appear to be in decline.<ref name = iucn/> ''E. tytleri'' appears able to adapt to new, human-created habitats and is known to inhabit many human-used spaces.<ref name =iucn/> Furthermore, this skink is not known to be utilized by people and does not appear to be under any specific threat.<ref name = iucn/>

[[File:Andaman Islands 03967-DeNoiseAI-severe-noise.jpg|thumb]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger GA]] (1887). ''Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Second Edition. Volume III. ... Scincidæ ...'' London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 575 pp. + Plates I-XL. (''Mabuia tytleri'', p. 187).
*Boulenger GA (1890). ''The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia.'' London; Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xviii + 541 pp. (''Mabuia tytleri'', pp. 191–192).
*[[:fr:Indraneil Das|Das I]] (2002). ''A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of India''. Sanibel Island Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 144 pp. {{ISBN|0-88359-056-5}}. (''Mabuya tytleri'', p. 112).
*[[Malcolm Arthur Smith|Smith MA]] (1935). ''The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. II.—Sauria.'' London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiii + 440 pp. + Plate I + 2 maps. (''Mabuya tytleri'', p. 270).

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3012485}}

[[Category:Eutropis]]
[[Category:Fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]
[[Category:Endemic reptiles of India]]
[[Category:Taxa named by William Theobald]]
[[Category:Reptiles described in 1868]]

Abhimanam

2026-03-05T17:52:37Z

Vijaysakumedia:

{{short description|1960 film}}
{{About|the 1960 Telugu film|the 1975 Malayalam film|Abhimaanam}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Abhimanam
| image = Abhimanam (1960 film).jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| writer = [[Samudrala Jr.|Samudrala Jr]] {{small|(dialogues)}}
| screenplay = C. S. Rao
| producer = T. Ashwadanarayana Sundarlal Nahatha
| director = [[C. S. Rao]]
| starring = [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]] [[Savitri (actress)|Savitri]] [[Krishna Kumari (actress)|Krishna Kumari]]
| music = [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantasala]]
| cinematography = [[Kamal Ghosh]]
| editing = C. Hari Rao N. M. Shankar
| studio = Sri Productions
| distributor = Rajasri Films
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1960|8|26}}
| runtime = 165 minutes
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Abhimanam''''' ({{translation|Self Respect}}) is a 1960 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[drama (film and television)|drama film]] produced by Sundarlal Nahatha and T. Ashwadanarayana under the Sri Productions banner and directed by [[C. S. Rao]]. It stars [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]], [[Savitri (actress)|Savitri]], [[Krishna Kumari (actress)|Krishna Kumari]], with music composed by [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantasala]].

== Plot ==
The film begins with Venu, a graduate, educated by the efforts of his impoverished mother, Lakshmi Kanthamma. He falls for his colleague Radha and approaches her wealthy father, who takes the proposal with his mother. Thereupon, he affronts them due to the status barrier. As a result, Radha weds Venu against her father's wishes. Radha is unable to acclimatize to poverty and is haughty towards them. Moreover, she could not admit the dominance and derision of Venu's sister Kamala. Meanwhile, Venu is hired as a bank officer and resides in the city. Since Radha is restricted, Lakshmi Kanthamma and Kamala stay back. At that juncture, Venu meets his childhood friend OS Rao & his wife Suguna as neighbors. Currently, Venu cannot bear to spend on Radha and cannot allocate the budget for his mother. Hence, the lenders auction their house for debt. The homeless Lakshmi Kanthamma and Kamala reach Venu, where Radha humiliates them. Once, when Venu is in camp, she attributes a heist to Kamala, which makes them leave the house. On the way, Lakshmi Kanthamma encounters an accident made by Kaasulu who shelters them, without the choice of his stingy father Singaraju Lingaraju a millionaire, and Kaasulu crushes Kamala. Soon after the return, Venu realizes the fact and searches for his family. During that time, Radha misuses his bank treasure for her false prestige. Grief-stricken Venu turns back, detects Radha's offense, rebukes, and gets arrested. Fourthly, Radha seeks her father's help, which he denies, but later steps in after perceiving the value of love and affection through Suguna. Because of the plight, Lakshmi Kanthamma attempts a theft at Lingaraju's house, which Kaasulu notices allows the required amount. Right now, she secretly hands it over to Rao and proceeds to commit suicide but is caught by the police. Eventually, Lingaraju identifies the theft, forcibly takes Kamala to the Police Station when Kaasulu arrives, and admits the truth. By the time Rao acquits Venu when Radha arrives, they also learn about the presence of Lakshmi Kanthamma therein. At last, Radha pleads for pardon, and even Lingaraju repents. Finally, the movie ends on a happy note with the marriage of Kaasulu & Kamala.

== Cast ==
*[[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]] as Venu
*[[Savitri (actress)|Savitri]] as Radha
*[[Krishna Kumari (actress)|Krishna Kumari]] as Kamala
*[[V. Nagayya]] as Doctor
*[[Relangi (actor)|Relangi]] as O. S. Rao / Sanyasi Rao
*K. V. S. Sharma as Singaraju Lingaraju
*[[Chalam (actor)|Chalam]] as Kasulu
*[[Allu Ramalingaiah]] as Thalalu
*[[P. Kannamba|Kannamba]] as Lakshmi Kanthamma
*[[S. Varalakshmi]] as Suguna

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantasala]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhimanam (1960) |url=https://mio.to/album/Abhimanam+%281960%29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20221213074821/https://mio.to/album/Abhimanam+(1960) |archive-date=13 December 2022 |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Music India Online}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Abimanam (1960)-Song_Booklet |url=https://indiancine.ma/documents/BZF/info |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20221213074741/https://indiancine.ma/documents/BZF/info |archive-date=13 December 2022 |access-date=13 December 2022 |website=Indiancine.ma}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Song title !!Lyrics !!Singers !!length
|-
|"Thallini Minchina"
|[[Sri Sri (writer)|Sri Sri]]
|[[Jikki]]
|3:04
|-
|"Pada Padave"
|Samudrala Jr.
|Ghantasala, [[K. Jamuna Rani]]
|3:15
|-
|"Ooyalooge Naa Hrudayam"
|[[Arudra]]
|Ghantasala, [[P. Susheela]]
|3:17
|-
|"Dayagala Thallini"
|Sri Sri
|P. Susheela
|6:02
|-
|"Madhini Ninnu"
|[[Kosaraju Raghavaiah|Kosaraju]]
|[[Madhavapeddi Satyam]], [[J. V. Raghavulu]]
|3:32
|-
|"Madhura Nagarilo"
|Samudrala Jr.
|P. Susheela
|5:25
|-
|"Oho Basthi Dorasani"
|Arudra
|Ghantasala, Jikki
|3:36
|-
|"Rama Idhi Yemi"
|Samudrala Jr.
|[[S. Varalakshmi]]
|3:13
|-
|"Valapu Thene Paata"
|Arudra
|Ghantasala, Jikki
|3:24
|}

== Reception ==
''[[The Indian Express]]'' wrote, "Director C. S. Rao has ably handled his team".<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 August 1960 |title=Abhimaanam |pages=3 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19600826&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=13 December 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}

[[Category:1960 drama films]]
[[Category:1960 films]]
[[Category:1960 Indian films]]
[[Category:1960 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by C. S. Rao]]
[[Category:Films scored by Ghantasala (musician)]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]

Ore Vaanam Ore Bhoomi

2026-03-04T04:46:50Z

Vijaysakumedia: small expand article and fixed typos per sources

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Ore Vaanam Ore Bhoomi.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[I. V. Sasi]]
| writer = [[A. Sheriff|Aleppey Sheriff]]
| producer = N. G. John
| starring = [[Jaishankar (actor)|Jaishankar]] [[K. R. Vijaya]] [[Seema (actress)|Seema]] [[Reena (actress)|Reena]] [[Vidhubala]]
| cinematography = [[Ramachandra Babu]] [[Vipindas]]
| editing = [[K. Narayanan]]
| music = [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| studio = Geo Movie Productions
| released = {{Film date|1979|6|22|df=y}}
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}
'''''Ore Vaanam Ore Bhoomi''''' ({{IPAc-en|oʊ|r|eɪ}} {{Translation|One sky, one Earth}}; spelt onscreen as '''''Orey Vaanam Orey Bhoomi''''')<ref>{{Cite book |title=Culture Religion and Home-making in and Beyond South Asia |publisher=[[Fortress Press]] |year=2020 |isbn=9781506439921 |editor-last=Ponniah |editor-first=James |pages=219}}</ref> is a 1979 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language film directed by [[I. V. Sasi]], starring [[Jaishankar (actor)|Jaishankar]], [[K. R. Vijaya]] and [[Seema (actress)|Seema]]. It was released on 22 June 1979.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 June 1979 |title=ஒரே வானம் ஒரே பூமி |url=https://archive.org/details/EAP372-6-23-3-241/page/n3/mode/2up |access-date=29 May 2024 |work=Anna |pages=4 |language=ta |via=[[Endangered Archives Programme]]}}</ref> The film was simultaneously made in [[Malayalam]] as ''[[Ezhamkadalinakkare]]'' with Soman as the hero..<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2018 |title=How movies brought America closer to Keralites |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2018/07/03/malayalam-movies-shot-in-usa-america-keralites.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001093637/https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2018/07/03/malayalam-movies-shot-in-usa-america-keralites.html |archive-date=1 October 2021 |access-date=1 October 2021 |website=[[Onmanorama]]}}</ref>

== Plot ==
{{no plot|date=October 2021}}

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Jaishankar (actor)|Jaishankar]] as Shankar
*[[K. R. Vijaya]] as Lakshmi
*[[Ravikumar (actor)|Ravikumar]] as Somu
*[[Seema (actress)|Seema]] as Seetha
*[[Reena (actress)|Reena]] as Latha
*[[V. K. Ramasamy (actor)|V. K. Ramasamy]] as Lakshmi and Somu's father
*[[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]]
*[[Y. G. Mahendran]] as Manorama's son (cameo appearance)
*[[Janardhanan (actor)|Janardhanan]] as Raghu
*[[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]]
}}

==Production==
''Ore Vaanam Ore Bhoomi'' was said to be the first Tamil film to be shot in the United States while also shot at Canada and New York. Padmini made her acting comeback with this film. The filming was held at locations like [[Niagara Falls]] and [[John F. Kennedy International Airport|Kennedy Airport]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=சலன் |date=4 February 1979 |title=முதல் சாதனைகள் |trans-title=First achievements |url=https://archive.org/download/kalki1979-02-04/kalki1979-02-04.pdf |access-date=10 April 2024 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |pages=56–59 |language=Ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[M. S. Viswanathan]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 December 1979 |title=Ore Vaanam Ore Bhoomi (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) - Single |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/ore-vaanam-ore-bhoomi-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1459253362 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230427030932/https://music.apple.com/us/album/ore-vaanam-ore-bhoomi-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1459253362 |archive-date=27 April 2023 |access-date=27 April 2023 |website=[[Apple Music]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ore Vaanam Ore Bhoomi Tamil Film Ep Vinyl Record by M S Viswananthan |url=https://mossymart.com/product/ore-vaanam-ore-bhoomi-tamil-film-ep-vinyl-record-by-m-s-viswananthan/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211024165702/https://mossymart.com/product/ore-vaanam-ore-bhoomi-tamil-film-ep-vinyl-record-by-m-s-viswananthan/ |archive-date=24 October 2021 |access-date=1 October 2021 |website=Mossymart}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ore Vaanam Ore Bhoomi Tamil Film EP Vinyl Record by MS Viswanathan |url=https://mossymart.com/product/ore-vaanam-ore-bhoomi-tamil-film-ep-vinyl-record-by-ms-viswanathan/ |access-date=29 July 2024 |website=Mossymart |language=en-US |archive-date=26 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726101413/https://mossymart.com/product/ore-vaanam-ore-bhoomi-tamil-film-ep-vinyl-record-by-ms-viswanathan/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Malai Raani Mundhaanai
| lyrics1 = [[Kannadasan]]
| extra1 = [[Jolly Abraham]], [[Vani Jairam]]
| title2 = Sorgaththilae Naam
| lyrics2 = Kannadasan
| extra2 = [[P. Susheela]], [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| title3 = Valamaana Bhoomiyil Sugamaana
| lyrics3 = Kannadasan
| extra3 = [[K. J. Yesudas]]
| title4 = Ore Vaanam Ore Bhoomi
| lyrics4 = [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]]
| extra4 = [[T. M. Soundararajan]]
| title5 = Mangala Poomazhai
| lyrics5 = Kannadasan
| extra5 = Vani Jairam
}}

==Reception==
Kutty Krishnan of ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' wrote neither the sky nor the earth; it is a hanging space between the two.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=கிருஷ்ணன் |first=குட்டி |date=8 July 1979 |title=ஒரே வானம் ஒரே பூமி |url=https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1979/jul/08-07-1979/p57.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220728093002/https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1979/jul/08-07-1979/p57.jpg |archive-date=28 July 2022 |access-date=13 January 2023 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=57 |language=ta}}</ref>


== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
{{I. V. Sasi}}

[[Category:1979 Indian films]]
[[Category:1979 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1979 films]]
[[Category:Films directed by I. V. Sasi]]
[[Category:Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan]]
[[Category:Films set in hospitals]]
[[Category:Films set in Manhattan]]
[[Category:Films set in Ontario]]
[[Category:Films shot in New York City]]
[[Category:Films shot in Ontario]]
[[Category:Indian films set in New York City]]
[[Category:Tamil films remade in other languages]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Garam Khoon

2026-03-03T23:56:24Z

Vijaysakumedia: Improved wording and formatting

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2017}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Garam Khoon
| image = Garam Khoon.jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = A. Salam
| producer = Tej Nath Zar
| writer = Tej Nath Zar
| narrator =
| starring = [[Vinod Khanna]] [[Sulakshana Pandit]] [[Ajit Khan|Ajit]]
| music = [[Shankar Jaikishan]]
| cinematography = Shyam Rao Shiposkar
| editing = Madhu Adsule
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1980|02|28}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
}}
'''''Garam Khoon''''' ({{translation|Hot Blood}}) is a 1980 Hindi-language [[action film]]. Produced and written by Tej Nath Zar and directed by A. Salam. The film stars Vinod Khanna, Sulakshana Pandit, Bindu in lead roles and Ajit as main protagonist. The film's music is by [[Shankar Jaikishan]]

==Plot==

Sood Saheb ([[Nazir Hussain]]) is a rich & reputed industrialist in the city. He has a beautiful wife ([[Sulochana Latkar|Sulochana]]) and twin sons, Babloo & Ravi. Vishal ([[Ajit Khan|Ajit]]) the cunning manager of Sood Industries secretly works for an underworld don, Rajan Seth. When he is caught red-handed and fired by Sood, Vishal kidnaps Babloo as an act of revenge.

Babloo ([[Vinod Khanna]]) grows up to become a criminal working for Vishal. Ravi ([[Vinod Khanna]]) takes care of his father's business and is engaged to Rama. Rajan sends Babloo to Ravi's place to take over the business and property.
Will the brothers recognize each other?
Will the whole family be together?
Will Vishal get punishment for his bad deeds?

==Cast==
*[[Vinod Khanna]] as Ravi Sood / Babloo aka Johny(double role)
*[[Sulakshana Pandit]] as Rama
*[[Nazir Hussain]] as Sood Saheb
*[[Sulochana Latkar|Sulochana]] as Mrs. Sood
*[[Ajit Khan|Ajit]] as Vishal
*[[Helen (actress)|Helen]] as Dancer
*[[Bindu (actress)|Bindu]] as Pummy
*Rajan Haksar as Rajan Seth (Underworld Don)
*[[K.N. Singh]] as Police Commissioner Singh
*[[Imtiaz Khan]] as Gullu (Vishal's Son)
*[[Satish Kaul]] as Inspector (Rama's Brother)
*[[Shashi Puri]] as Dancer in Pardesiya Song
*[[Keshto Mukherjee]] as Bajrang
*[[Dhumal (actor)|Dhumal]] as Sadashiv
*Brahamchari as Shersingh
*[[M. B. Shetty|Ganja Shetty]] as Swami
*[[Shivraj]] as Pandit Ji

==Music==

{{track_listing
| headline = Track listing
| total_length= 17:31
| extra_column= Singer(s)
| title3= Pardesiya Tere Desh Me
| length3= 3.09
| extra3= [[Sulakshana Pandit]], [[Mohammed Rafi]]
| music3= Shankar Jaikishan
| lyrics3= Singhar
| title2= Achhi Bhi Lagti Hu Sundar Bhi
| length2= 3.07
| extra2= [[Lata Mangeshkar]]
| lyrics2= [[Vithalbhai Patel]]
| music2= Shankar Jaikishan
| title1= Tu Jaha Mai Waha
| length1= 3.04
| extra1= [[Kishore Kumar]]
| music1= [[Shankar Jaikishan]]
| lyrics1= [[Hasrat Jaipuri]]
| title4= Ek Chehra Dil Ke Kareeb
| length4= 3.00
| extra4= Lata Mangeshkar
| music4= Shankar Jaikishan
| lyrics4= Singhar
| title5= Paina Loopi Keh Ke Pukaro
| length5=5:11
| music5= Shankar Jaikishan
| lyrics5= Singhar
| extra5= [[Asha Bhosle]]
}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0432866}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* http://www.gomolo.com/garam-khoon-movie/5186 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909143518/http://www.gomolo.com/garam-khoon-movie/5186 |date=9 September 2017 }}

[[Category:1980 films]]
[[Category:1980 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1980 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Shankar–Jaikishan]]

{{1980s-Hindi-film-stub}}

Speed (2007 film)

2026-03-03T11:59:23Z

Vijaysakumedia: cleanup

{{more citations needed|date=May 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Speed
| image = Speed (2007 film).jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Vikram Bhatt]]
| writer = Vikram Bhatt Girish Dhamija
| producer = Pammi Baweja
| starring = [[Zayed Khan]] [[Sanjay Suri]] [[Urmila Matondkar]] [[Aftab Shivdasani]] [[Aashish Chaudhary]] [[Tanushree Dutta]]
| music = [[Pritam]]
| cinematography = [[Pravin Bhatt]]
| editing = Hemal Kothari
| studio = [[Baweja Movies]]
| distributor = [[Zee Motion Pictures]] (India) [[Eros International]] (Overseas)
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2007|10|19}}
| runtime = 103 minutes<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/speed-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0zntywnjq|title=Speed|website=[[British Board of Film Classification]]|access-date=3 March 2022|archive-date=3 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303173723/https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/speed-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0zntywnjq|url-status=live}}</ref>
| country = India
| language = Hindi
}}
'''''Speed''''' is a 2007 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[action thriller]] film directed by [[Vikram Bhatt]] and produced by Pammi Baweja. It stars [[Zayed Khan]], [[Sanjay Suri]], [[Urmila Matondkar]], [[Aftab Shivdasani]], [[Aashish Chaudhary]] and [[Tanushree Dutta]], with [[Sophie Choudry]], [[Suhasini Mulay]], [[Rajendranath Zutshi]] and [[Ashwini Kalsekar]] in supporting roles, and [[Amrita Arora]] in a special appearance. The film was released on 19 October 2007.

''Speed'' is an unofficial remake of the 2004 American film [[Cellular (film)|''Cellular'']], reimagined in an international espionage setting.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=Speed: Total ripoff of Cellular |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2007/oct/19speed.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320004555/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2007/oct/19speed.htm |archive-date=20 March 2023 |access-date=20 March 2023 |website=www.rediff.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=5 October 2007 |title=Bollywood remakes Hollywood movie "Cellular" |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-29866920071005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320004930/https://www.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-29866920071005 |archive-date=20 March 2023 |access-date=20 March 2023 |newspaper=Reuters |via=www.reuters.com}}</ref> The plot follows multiple characters in London whose lives intertwine as they become entangled in a terrorist conspiracy targeting the [[Prime Minister of India|Indian Prime Minister]].

==Plot==
In [[Kuala Lumpur]], an [[MI6]] agent is pursued by gangsters and manages to send a coded message—"EQUINOXA 666007"—to [[MI5]] moments before being shot dead. Though the gangsters believe the secret is safe, the agent's finger inadvertently sends the message.

On 22 September in London, Sandeep "Sandy" Arora arrives from India to reconcile with his estranged girlfriend Sanjana. He befriends a Pakistani taxi driver named Iqbal and heads to Sanjana's hotel, where he tries to convince her to return to India and marry him.

Elsewhere in London, chef Siddharth "Sid" Verma is revealed to be a covert MI5 agent. He is summoned by his superior, James, who informs him of the coded [[SOS|S.O.S.]] email sent from Kuala Lumpur. Sid is tasked with decoding the message, which is believed to warn of an imminent terrorist attack.

Meanwhile, Sid's wife Richa, a schoolteacher, is kidnapped from their home by Kabir Khan and his associate Monica Monteiro. MI5 determines that the code "EQUINOXA" refers to the [[September equinox|autumnal equinox]]—22 September, the present day. Kabir contacts Sid, reveals he is watching him, and uses Richa's captivity to coerce him into following instructions.

Sid is ordered to deliver money to a location. Richa, trying to call for help, accidentally connects to Sandy, who becomes involved. Though initially dismissed by the police, Sandy commits to helping her. Kabir later targets Sid's son, Bobby, and Richa pleads with Sandy to protect him. Sandy and Sanjana attempt to reach Bobby's school, but Kabir abducts the boy first.

Meanwhile, Rohan Nath, a security officer overseeing the Indian Prime Minister Gayatri Devi's visit to London, is revealed to be a traitor working with Kabir. When Rohan's girlfriend, Sameera, discovers his plan, he kills her. He later covers up the murder while continuing to serve as the PM's security liaison.

Sandy uncovers a clue from Richa—a bracelet labeled "Princess Daisy"—and traces it to a burned-down stable where she and Bobby are held. Sanjana rescues Bobby, and Richa escapes after learning that Kabir intends to use Sid to assassinate the PM.

Sid is taken to a hotel, where Kabir and Rohan reveal their plan: Sid is to shoot the PM or risk losing his family. Kabir claims he turned against India after he and his brother were imprisoned in Pakistan and abandoned by the Indian government, leading to his brother's death.

Sandy and Richa confront Rohan, who pretends to help but reveals his true allegiance. Rohan leads Richa to Sid's room and sends a henchman to kill Sandy. However, Sandy overhears Kabir talking in the lobby and recognizes him from an earlier phone call. Hiding in a restroom, Sandy learns the true mastermind is Raaj, the PM's son, who orchestrated the plot to gain sympathy votes and succeed his mother.

Sandy is captured but escapes after defeating Kabir's men. He rushes to the hotel room and stops Sid from shooting the PM just in time. The bullet misses, and the PM is unharmed. Raaj accidentally incriminates himself and is arrested. Sid subdues and kills Rohan in a knife fight.

In a final confrontation, Sandy fights Kabir, eventually killing him by dropping a chandelier on him.

Two months later, Sandy is honored by the Prime Minister for his bravery. He marries Sanjana, while Sid and Richa resume a peaceful life with their son.

== Cast ==
* [[Zayed Khan]] as Sandeep Arora (Sandy)
* [[Urmila Matondkar]] as Richa Verma
* [[Sanjay Suri]] as Siddharth Verma (Sid)
* [[Aftab Shivdasani]] as Kabir Khan
* [[Aashish Chaudhary]] as Rohan Nath
* [[Tanushree Dutta]] as Sanjana Shah
* [[Amrita Arora]] as Sameera Mehra (Sam)
* [[Sophie Chaudhary]] as Monica Montero
* [[Suhasini Mulay]] as [[Prime Minister of India|Indian Prime Minister]] Gayatri Sinha
* [[Rajendranath Zutshi]] as Raaj Sinha
* [[Ashwini Kalsekar]] as Pam
* [[Rajesh Khera]] as Iqbal Qureshi
* Yaseen Choudhry as Bobby Verma
* Richard Harris as Police Officer Ian Cook

==Soundtrack==
The music of the film was composed by [[Pritam]], and lyrics were written by [[Mayur Puri]].

===Soundtrack list===
* Tikhi Tikhi - [[Joi Barua]]
* Wanna Wanna (Be with you forever) - [[Sunidhi Chauhan]] and [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]]
* Loving You - [[Sonu Nigam]] and [[Antara Mitra]]
* Hello - [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]] and [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]

==Reception==
[[Taran Adarsh]] of ''[[IndiaFM]]'' gave the film 2.5 out of 5, writing, ″SPEED belongs to two actors primarily—Urmila Matondkar and Zayed Khan. Urmila handles her part with dexterity and adds freshness to the goings-on since she has cut down on her acting assignments. Zayed is cool and suits the role well. Aashish Chowdhary springs a surprise. In fact, the actor is getting likable with every release. Sanjay Suri is a fine actor, but the spark is missing this time. Aftab too isn't fiery enough and his look is a complete put-off. Tanushree Dutta needs to go easy on her makeup, otherwise she's passable. Sophie Chaudhary makes her presence felt. Amrita Arora looks glamorous. On the whole, SPEED is an interesting thriller that has the advantage of being a solo release."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/speed/critic-review/speed-movie-review/|title=Speed Review 2.5/5 | Speed Movie Review | Speed 2007 Public Review | Film Review|first=Taran|last=Adarsh|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|date=19 October 2007|access-date=20 March 2023|archive-date=20 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320010056/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/speed/critic-review/speed-movie-review/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Rajeev Masand]] gave the film zero out of 5, writing ″It's one big zero for Vikram Bhatt's Speed, it's one those films that make you wish you hadn't stepped into the cinema at all.″<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rajeevmasand.com/admin/uncategorized/review-vikram-bhatts-speed-gets-it-all-wrong/|title=Review: Vikram Bhatt's Speed gets it all wrong « Rajeev Masand – movies that matter : from bollywood, hollywood and everywhere else|access-date=20 March 2023|archive-date=20 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320004602/https://rajeevmasand.com/admin/uncategorized/review-vikram-bhatts-speed-gets-it-all-wrong/|url-status=live}}</ref> D. Morgan of Rediff.com gave the film 1 out of 5, writing ″If someone calls you to see this film even for free, hang up!″<ref name="auto"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|816657|Speed}}
* {{TCMDb title|id=773796}}

{{Vikram Bhatt}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Speed (2007 Film)}}
[[Category:2007 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2000s crime action films]]
[[Category:2000s spy drama films]]
[[Category:2007 action thriller films]]
[[Category:2007 crime thriller films]]
[[Category:2007 films]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of prime ministers of India]]
[[Category:Films about MI6]]
[[Category:Films about corruption in India]]
[[Category:Films about educators]]
[[Category:Films about kidnapping in India]]
[[Category:Films about kidnapping in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Films about kidnapping]]
[[Category:Films about mobile phones]]
[[Category:Films about terrorism in Europe]]
[[Category:Films about terrorism in India]]
[[Category:Films about the Research & Analysis Wing]]
[[Category:Films directed by Vikram Bhatt]]
[[Category:Films set in Delhi]]
[[Category:Films set in England]]
[[Category:Films set in Kuala Lumpur]]
[[Category:Films set in London]]
[[Category:Films set in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Films shot in Kuala Lumpur]]
[[Category:Films shot in London]]
[[Category:Films shot in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Indian action drama films]]
[[Category:Indian action thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian chase films]]
[[Category:Indian crime action films]]
[[Category:Indian crime thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian films about revenge]]
[[Category:Indian remakes of American films]]
[[Category:Indian spy action films]]
[[Category:Indian spy thriller films]]
[[Category:Fiction about MI5]]
[[Category:Unofficial film adaptations]]

The Pool (2007 film)

2026-03-03T11:59:15Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding initial info from scratch

{{Short description|2007 American drama film}}
{{EngvarB|date=April 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = The Pool
| image = THEPOOLPOSTER VENKATESH LR.jpg
| caption = ''The Pool'' poster
| director = [[Chris Smith (filmmaker)|Chris Smith]]
| producer = Kate Noble
| writer = Chris Smith Randy Russell
| starring = Venkatesh Chavan Jhangir Badshah Ayesha Mohan [[Nana Patekar]]
| music = Didier Leplae [[Joe Wong (musician)|Joe Wong]]
| cinematography = Chris Smith
| editing = [[Barry Poltermann]]
| distributor = Vitagraph Films
| released = {{Film date|2007|01|18}}
| runtime = 95 minutes
| country = United States
| language = [[Hindi]] English ([[Subtitle (captioning)|subtitles]])
| budget =
}}

'''''The Pool''''' is a 2007 American [[Drama (film and television)|drama]] film co-written and directed by [[Chris Smith (filmmaker)|Chris Smith]]. The film stars non-professional actors Venkatesh Chavan and Jhangir Badshah, as well as [[Indian cinema|Bollywood]] veteran [[Nana Patekar]] and newcomer Ayesha Mohan.

Though filmed in [[Hindi language|Hindi]], a language Smith didn't know, the film earned good reviews. Besides winning a Special Jury prize at the [[2007 Sundance Film Festival]],<ref name="sundance">{{cite web |last=Means P. |first=Sean |date=7 March 2007 |title=Sundance: Winners span the Earth and beyond |url=http://www.sltrib.com/sundance/ci_5105045 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223012406/http://www.sltrib.com/sundance/ci_5105045 |archive-date=December 23, 2007 |accessdate=3 September 2008 |work=[[The Salt Lake Tribune]]}}</ref> the film won accolades from Geoffrey Gilmore, director of the [[Sundance Film Festival]]. In the same year, it was screened at the [[Vienna International Film Festival]] and [[International Film Festival of India]].

The DVD was released on 13 July 2010.

==Plot==
The story revolves around a young janitor working at a hotel in the port city of [[Panjim]], [[India]], who sees from his perch in a mango tree a luxuriant garden and shimmering pool hidden behind a wall. In making whatever efforts he can to better himself, Venkatesh offers his services to the wealthy owner of the home. Not content to simply dream about a different life, Venkatesh is inquisitive about the home's inhabitants and his curiosity changes the shape of his future.

== Cast ==

* [[Nana Patekar]] as Nana
* Venkatesh Chavan as Venkatesh
* Jhangir Badshah as Jhangir
* Ayesha Mohan as Ayesha

== Production ==
After ''[[American Job]]'' (1996), ''[[American Movie]]'' (1999), ''Home Movie'' (2001), and ''[[The Yes Men]]'' (2003), [[Milwaukee]]-based director [[Chris Smith (filmmaker)|Chris Smith]] read a story, written by Randy Russel, about a person from a graduate school in [[Iowa]]. This person, who is out running, sees a swimming pool and gets obsessed with swimming in it. He follows around the people who own the place and tries to befriend them. However, Smith clarified that the film's story evolved from it in a "completely different way from there".<ref name="smith1">{{cite web |last=Dudek |first=Duane |date=18 September 2007 |title=Milwaukee director goes to India for 'Pool' |url=http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=663703 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605230709/http://www.jsonline.com/entertainment/movies/29392389.html |archive-date=June 5, 2011 |accessdate=3 September 2008 |website=[[Milwaukee Journal Sentinel]]}}</ref> He said that though they had a draft in hand while beginning the shooting, his goal was to let the environment (the actors, their experiences and observations) shape the story.<ref name="smith4">{{cite web|url=http://www.thepoolfilm.com/thepool/THEPOOL_faq.doc |format=DOC |title=Frequently Asked Questions with Chris Smith, director |last=Noble |first=Kate |work=Press Kit – The Pool |accessdate=3 September 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427111337/http://www.thepoolfilm.com/thepool/THEPOOL_faq.doc |archivedate=27 April 2015 }}</ref>

The film is a collaborative result of a crew that was half-based in India and United States. The crew included producer Kate Noble, creative consultant Xavier Leplae, whose film ''I'm Bobby'' was shot in the Indian state of [[Goa]].<ref name="smith1"/> Xavier's brother, Didier Leplae, who composed the score with [[Joe Wong (musician)|Joe Wong]] in Milwaukee, had it arranged by a [[Bollywood]] composer, and recorded by a small orchestra in [[Mumbai]]. The film also credits independent film representative and producer John Sloss, who has handled all of his films, as being his "conduit to the rest of the world,"<ref name="smith1"/> and said that it was Sloss' work on his behalf that "has allowed me to stay in Milwaukee."<ref name="smith1"/> [[Barry Poltermann]], who edited ''The Pool'' and ''American Movie'', continued his association with Smith with this film.<ref name="smith1"/>

Though the story was originally set in Iowa, Smith chose the [[port|port city]] of [[Panjim]], Goa due to his long-time fascination with the city, especially the contrast between the rich and the poor.<ref name="smith2">{{cite web|url=http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2008/sep/02slde1.htm|title=A tale reminiscent of Satyajit Ray|work=[[Rediff.com]]|last=Pais J|first=Arthur|date=2 September 2008|accessdate=3 September 2008}}</ref> For the 65-day shoot, Smith and his crew moved to India for a five-month period.<ref name="smith3">{{cite web|url=http://www.nysun.com/arts/chris-smith-american-director/84858/|title=Chris Smith: American Directory|publisher=[[The New York Sun]]|last=Rapold|first=Nicolas|date=29 August 2008|accessdate=3 September 2008}}</ref> While referring to this cinematic endeavour as an experiment, he felt that the journey to India was crucial in clearing up his creative space to work.<ref name="smith3"/>

Smith once thought of aborting the project because they were unsuccessful in locating a bungalow with a pool.<ref name="smith2"/> Eventually, they managed to lease one from a New Zealand-Indian.<ref name="smith3"/>

=== Casting ===
Saying that this film was the hardest he ever worked on in his life, Smith added that [[Casting (performing arts)|casting]] for the film was quite a challenge. The crew lost three lead actors due to various reasons. While one of them went to Mumbai on the pretext of buying [[karate]] uniforms and never returned,<ref name="smith3"/> a young girl could not obtain permission for leave from school. The actor originally chosen for the father's role left them for a television series. These unfortunate incidents happened three days prior to commencement of the shoot.<ref name="smith4"/>

After a casting director, who had previously worked with Ayesha Mohan, sent them her details, she was chosen to play the main actress.<ref name="smith1"/> Speaking about how they identified [[Nana Patekar]], a veteran Bollywood actor, Smith said:

<blockquote>When you're trying to cast, you will look anywhere and everywhere. At dinner, we would look at the waiters. And one day, this newspaper came (to their hotel room) with a story on Nana (Patekar). And it said that he takes his time between movies and likes to do interesting projects. And Kate thought he looked perfect. We liked his eyes and the way he handled himself in the interview. And he seemed a kindred spirit to what we were trying to do.<ref name="smith3"/></blockquote>

Smith was convinced that if Patekar agreed to play the role, the film would get a boost. Actress Mohan helped him approach [[Anurag Kashyap (director)|Anurag Kashyap]], who directed her in the Bollywood film ''[[Black Friday (2004 film)|Black Friday]]'' (2004).<ref name="smith4"/> Initially, Patekar was not interested to do the film. But Kashyap urged him to take a look at 45 minutes of the film's footage. Upon watching it, Patekar remained quiet for some time and then he said, "this reminds me of what we used to do before we got corrupted."<ref name="smith3"/> According to Smith, Patekar not just played his character, but also helped out in various scenes while filming.<ref name="smith3"/>

20-year-old Venkatesh Chavan, who played the role of the young boy fascinated by the pool, originally hailed from [[Mundargi]] town in [[Gadag district]] of [[Karnataka]]. Chavan's parents left for Goa in search of work. While Smith was in the process of casting, Venkatesh was helping his parents to sell scrap. In January 2006, when he was roaming on the streets of [[Vasco da Gama, Goa|Vasco da Gama]], Smith met him, introduced himself and asked him to act in his film. Venkatesh took his parents' permission and agreed. His mother and sister were asked to play the role of his mother and sister in the film as well. He received [[Indian rupee|INR]] 60,000 as compensation for acting in the film. While filming, Chavan thought it was a documentary.<ref name="chavan1">{{Cite web |date=23 August 2007 |title=Tanda boy turns English movie hero: Deccan Herald |url=http://zeenews.india.com/home/tanda-boy-turns-english-movie-hero-deccan-herald_390513.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125041642/http://zeenews.india.com/home/tanda-boy-turns-english-movie-hero-deccan-herald_390513.html |archive-date=January 25, 2016 |accessdate=2015-09-02 |website=[[Zee News]]}}</ref> Jhangir, who was selected to play the 11-year-old character, worked as an employee in a bar/restaurant.<ref name="IFFI">{{cite web |date=28 November 2007 |title=Star-crossed boys grab screen-share at IFFI |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/009200711281021.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914124040/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/009200711281021.htm |archive-date=September 14, 2008 |accessdate=3 September 2008 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

=== Filmmaking ===
{| class="toccolours" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; colour:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5"
| style="text-align: left;" |"We would cut scenes together – then either adapt other scenes or shoot new scenes to compliment {{sic}} what we already had. The great thing was I could think of a scene at night and we could shoot it the next morning – give the tape to the editor at lunch and see it in the cut the next night."
—Chris Smith, director<ref name="smith4"/>
|}

Neither of the young leads could read, so they couldn't really prepare their scenes in advance. They had to rehearse on the spot and once they got it right, the scene was shot. Another complication was their language. Since neither of them spoke English, it was difficult for Smith to directly convey detailed direction. Hence, with a translator in place, it could easily get translated in the wrong way. Another challenge was that the film was being shot in [[Hindi language|Hindi]], which was not the first language of either of them.<ref name="smith4"/> In addition, Smith had absolutely no knowledge of Hindi. Effectively, they were being directed in a language they did not understand and having to shoot complex dialogue scenes in a language alien to them.<ref name="smith4"/>

Poltermann was editing while the filming was in progress. Smith thought that this process had a huge impact on the finished film.<ref name="smith4"/>

==Critical reception==
On [[Rotten Tomatoes]], the film has an aggregate score of 94% based on 45 positive and 3 negative critics' reviews. The website consensus reads: "Beautifully crafted with loosely drawn characters and a lilting, natural pace, Chris Smith's ''The Pool'' features a universal message to which everyone can relate."<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Pool |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_pool |access-date=September 1, 2022 |website=Rotten Tomatoes}}</ref> The film appeared on several critics' top ten lists of the best films of 2008. Marjorie Baumgarten of ''[[The Austin Chronicle]]'' named it the fourth best film of 2008,<ref name=mctop08/> Sheri Linden of ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' named it the fourth best film of 2008,<ref name=mctop08/> and Tasha Robinson of ''[[The A.V. Club]]'' named it the tenth best film of 2008.<ref name=mctop08>{{cite web|url=http://www.metacritic.com/film/awards/2008/toptens.shtml |title=Metacritic: 2008 Film Critic Top Ten Lists |publisher=[[Metacritic]] |accessdate=11 January 2009 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090102205252/http://www.metacritic.com/film/awards/2008/toptens.shtml |archivedate=2 January 2009 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080916181953/http://www.thepoolfilm.com/thepool Official site]
* {{IMDb title|0911024|The Pool}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes|the_pool|The Pool}}
* {{Metacritic film|title=The Pool}}

{{Chris Smith}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pool, The}}
[[Category:Films set in India]]
[[Category:Films shot in India]]
[[Category:2007 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2007 drama films]]
[[Category:American drama films]]
[[Category:2007 films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Chris Smith]]
[[Category:Sundance Film Festival award–winning films]]
[[Category:2007 independent films]]
[[Category:2007 American films]]

Enga Ooru Aattukkaran

2026-03-03T04:59:43Z

Vijaysakumedia: creating basic info more to come!

{{distinguish|Enga Ooru Pattukaran}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Enga Ooru Aattukkaran.jpg
| alt =
| caption = DVD cover
| native_name = 
| director = [[Sripriya]]
| writer = S. S. Manian (dialogues)
| screenplay = Sripriya
| story =
| based_on = 
| producer = V. Jayaraman
| starring = Chandrakanth Sripriya
| narrator =
| cinematography = K. B. Dhalayan
| editing = S. Sankar
| music = Yuvaraj<ref>{{Cite web |last=குமார் |first=ப கவிதா |date=12 October 2021 |title=ஒரே ஒரு ராஜாவும் சில குறுநில ராஜாக்களும்! |url=https://kamadenu.hindutamil.in/cinema/ilayaraja-and-other-rajas-in-tamil-cine-music-world |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220914110029/https://kamadenu.hindutamil.in/cinema/ilayaraja-and-other-rajas-in-tamil-cine-music-world |archive-date=14 September 2022 |access-date=16 October 2022 |website=[[Kamadenu (magazine)|Kamadenu]] |language=ta}}</ref>
| studio = Yamini Cine Arts
| distributor = 
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1990|8|11|ref1=}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Enga Ooru Aattukkaran''''' ({{Translation|The goatherd of our village}}) is a 1990 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language film directed by [[Sripriya]], starring her brother Chandrakanth as the protagonist and herself as the antagonist.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2013 |title=ரீமேக் படம் இயக்குகிறார் ஸ்ரீபிரியா |trans-title=Sripriya directs a remake film |url=https://cinema.dinakaran.com/cine-news-details.aspx?id=9870&id1=3 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801142518/https://cinema.dinakaran.com/cine-news-details.aspx?id=9870&id1=3 |archive-date=1 August 2022 |access-date=1 August 2022 |website=[[Dinakaran]] |language=Ta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 March 2022 |title=அலமேலு டூ ஸ்ரீப்ரியா : பிறந்தநாள் ஸ்பெஷல் |trans-title=Alamelu to Sripriya : Birthday Special |url=https://m.dinamalar.com/cinema_detail.php?id=103343 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325012036/https://m.dinamalar.com/cinema_detail.php?id=103343 |archive-date=25 March 2022 |access-date=1 August 2022 |website=[[Dinamalar]] |language=ta}}</ref> It was released on 11 August 1990.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Enga Ooru Aatukkaran (1990) |url=https://screen4screen.com/movies/enga-ooru-aatukkaran |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703064859/https://screen4screen.com/movies/enga-ooru-aatukkaran |archive-date=3 July 2022 |access-date=1 August 2022 |website=Screen 4 Screen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Enga Ooru Aattukkaran ( 1990 ) |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/cgi-bin/filmography/allCast.cgi?id=1353 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040815155934/http://www.cinesouth.com/cgi-bin/filmography/allCast.cgi?id=1353 |archive-date=15 August 2004 |access-date=1 August 2022 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref>

== Plot ==
{{more plot|date=August 2022}}
A villager and a rich man's educated daughter clash after the former is insulted by the latter, but eventually fall in love.

== Cast ==
*Chandrakanth as the villager<ref name="IE review" />
*[[Sripriya]] as the village playboy's [[Concubinage|concubine]]<ref name="IE review" />
*[[Kanaka (actress)|Kanaka]] as the rich man's educated daughter<ref name="IE review" />
*[[Rajeev (Tamil actor)|Rajeev]] as the village playboy<ref name="IE review" />

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by Yuvaraj.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Enga Ooru Aattukkaran Tamil Film Audio Cassette |url=https://mossymart.com/product/enga-ooru-aattukkaran-tamil-film-audio-cassette/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230831095229/https://mossymart.com/product/enga-ooru-aattukkaran-tamil-film-audio-cassette/ |archive-date=31 August 2023 |access-date=31 August 2023 |website=Mossymart}}</ref>

== Reception ==
N. Krishnaswamy of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' criticised the film's concept of giving importance to the goat and having it have a flashback scene while also criticising the film's camerawork and music.<ref name="IE review" />

== References ==
<references>

<ref name="IE review">{{Cite news |last=Krishnaswamy |first=N. |date=17 August 1990 |title=Enga Ooru Aattukkaran |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19900817&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=1 August 2022 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=7 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

</references>

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}

[[Category:1990 films]]
[[Category:1990 Indian films]]
[[Category:1990 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Sripriya]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

{{Improve categories|date=October 2024}}

Mamidala Yashaswini Reddy

2026-02-18T19:32:17Z

Vijaysakumedia: new - done

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{BLP sources|date=May 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Mamidala Yashaswini Reddy
| image = Yashaswini Reddy.jpg
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1997|2|3|df=y}}
| birth_place = Dindi Chintapally, [[Vangoor]] [[Mandal]], [[Nagarkurnool]] [[District]], [[Telangana]], [[India]]|
| term_start = 3 December 2023
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Errabelli Dayakar Rao]]
| successor =
| 1blankname = Chief Minister
| constituency = [[Palakurthi Assembly constituency|Palakurthi]]
| spouse = H. Raja Ram Mohan Reddy
| children = 1
| chief minister =
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| office = [[Telangana Legislative Assembly|Member of the Telangana Legislative Assembly]]
}}

'''Mamidala Yashaswini Reddy''' is an Indian politician from the state of [[Telangana]]. She is the second youngest [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] of the [[Telangana Legislative Assembly]]. She is elected to the [[2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election]] from the [[Palakurthi Assembly constituency]] representing [[Indian National Congress]].

==Early life==
Reddy's Parents are from [[Vangoor]] Mandal of [[Nagarkurnool district]] near [[Kalwakurthy]].{{citation needed|date=March 2025}} She has done her schooling in [[Hyderabad]] and completed her graduation from Sreyas Institute of Engineering and Technology, [[Nagole]].{{citation needed|date=March 2025}}

==Career==
Reddy entered politics with the [[Indian National Congress]] party by successfully contesting the 2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election from Palakurthi against political veteran [[Errabelli Dayakar Rao]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Today |first=Telangana |date=2023-12-03 |title=Veteran Errabelli loses seat to political novice |url=https://telanganatoday.com/veteran-errabelli-loses-seat-to-political-novice |access-date=2023-12-03 |website=Telangana Today |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Palakurthi Assembly Election Results 2023 Highlights: INC's Yashaswini Mamidala with 126848 defeats BRS's Dayakar Rao Errabelli |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/palakurthi-assembly-election-results-2023-live-2471013-2023-12-03 |access-date=2023-12-03 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> She is the second youngest legislator in the state at the age of 26 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yashaswini Mamidala(Indian National Congress(INC)):Constituency- PALAKURTHI(JANGAON) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://www.myneta.info/Telangana2023/candidate.php?candidate_id=258 |access-date=2023-12-03 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title= Two Youngest MLAs Who Won In Telangana Assembly Elections 2023|url=https://m.sakshipost.com/news/telangana/two-youngest-mlas-who-won-telangana-assembly-elections-2023-252913 |access-date=2023-12-03 |website=m.sakshipost.com}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Reddy, Mamidala Yashaswini}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Telangana]]
[[Category:Telangana MLAs 2023–2028]]
[[Category:People from Warangal]]
[[Category:1997 births]]
[[Category:Women members of the Telangana Legislative Assembly]]

{{Telangana-INC-politician-stub}}

Libia Lobo Sardesai

2026-02-18T04:48:04Z

Vijaysakumedia: new

{{Short description|Indian independence activist (born 1924)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Libia Lobo Sardesai
| birth_name = Libia Lobo
| image = Libia Lobo Sardesai celebrating her 100th birthday (cropped).jpg
| caption = Lobo celebrating her 100th birthday in 2024
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1924|5|25|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Porvorim]], [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]]
| nickname = Libby
| known_for = [[Voice of Freedom (radio station)|Voice of Freedom]]
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Vaman Sardesai]]|1964|1994|end=died}}
| occupation = {{hlist|Lawyer|anti-colonialist}}
| awards = [[Padma Shri]] (2025)
| honorific_prefix =
}}

'''Libia Lobo Sardesai''' ([[née]] '''Lobo'''; born 25 May 1924) is an Indian independence activist and lawyer. Along with [[Vaman Sardesai]], whom she later married, she ran an [[underground radio]] station, [[Voice of Freedom (radio station)|Voice of Freedom]], that transmitted across [[Portuguese Goa]] from 1955 to 1961, advocating the cause of the [[Goan independence movement]].<ref name="GTVoice24">{{Cite web |date=2024-05-25 |title=At 100, Libia Lobo's voice still inspires Goans |url=https://www.gomantaktimes.com/news/goa/at-100-libia-lobos-voice-still-inspires-goans |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=Goa News in English on Gomantak Times |language=en}}</ref> Following the [[Annexation of Goa]], she was the first Director of Tourism of [[Goa, Daman and Diu]].<ref name="HeraldDoT24">{{Cite web |date=26 May 2024 |title=Freedom fighter and first tourism director of liberated Goa, Daman & Diu felicitated on 100th birthday |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/Freedom-fighter-and-first-tourism-director-of-liberated-Goa-Daman-Diu-felicitated-on-100th-birthday/221819 |access-date=2024-07-06 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref> In January 2025, Libia Lobo Sardesai was honored with the [[Padma Shri]], India's fourth-highest civilian award, by the [[Government of India]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Padma Award Winners 2025 Full List: Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan, Padma Shri |url=https://www.brutimes.com/news/social/padma-awards-2025-arijit-singh-ajith-kumar-shekhar-kapur-and-late-pankaj-udhas-honored-for-excellence |website=Bru Times News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Padma Awards 2025 announced |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2096285 |website=pib.gov.in}}</ref><ref name="HinduPadmaShriJan25">{{Cite news |date=2025-01-25 |title=30 unsung heroes awarded Padma Shri |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/unsung-padma-shri-award-recipients/article69140565.ece |access-date=2025-01-25 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==Life and career==
===Early life (1924–1954)===
[[File:Libia Lobo Sardesai.jpg|thumb|150px|Lobo in her early years]]
Libia Lobo, known by the nickname of "Libby",<ref name="MenezesHeraldLiberdade24">{{Cite web |first=Vivek |last=Menezes |date=28 Apr 2024 |title=LIBBY DE LIBERDADE |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Edit/By-invitation/LIBBY-DE-LIBERDADE-/220727 |access-date=2024-07-10 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref> was born on 25 May 1924 to a [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] family<ref name="PerezNationalist18">{{Cite journal |last=Perez |first=Rosa Maria |date=2018-07-02 |title=Provincializing Goa: Crossing Borders Through Nationalist Women |url=https://journals.library.brocku.ca/index.php/ijpds/article/view/3278 |journal=InterDISCIPLINARY Journal of Portuguese Diaspora Studies |language=en |volume=7 |pages=225–240 |issn=2165-2694}}</ref> in [[Porvorim]], [[Bardez taluka]], [[Portuguese Goa]].<ref name="ShirodkarWho86">{{Cite book |last=Shirodkar |first=Pandurang Purushottam |author-link=Pandurang Purushottam Shirodkar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ISScyAEACAAJ |title=Who's Who of Freedom Fighters, Goa, Daman, and Diu |date=1986 |publisher=Goa Gazetteer Department, Government of the Union Territory of Goa, Daman, and Diu |volume=1 |pages=303–304}}</ref> Her family moved to [[Bombay]] some time in her childhood. She was friends with painter [[F. N. Souza]] in her childhood and they both grew up near [[Crawford Market]]. As a student, she was part of [[T. B. Cunha]]'s Goan Youth League.<ref name="MenezesHeraldLiberdade24" /> She was its secretary from 1948 to 1950.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Salgaonkar |first=Seema P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zkvaAAAAMAAJ |title=Women, Political Power, and the State |date=2006 |publisher=Abhijeet Publications |isbn=978-81-88683-95-6 |page=46}}</ref>

She began her career as a translator and a "censor", working on deciphering cryptic letters written by Italian prisoners of war during [[World War II]]. She simultaneously completed a degree at [[Siddharth College of Arts, Science and Commerce]], which was established by [[B. R. Ambedkar]]. Ambedkar himself expressed his pleasure during her admission process. It was in her college days that Lobo began contributing to the [[Goa liberation movement]]. She was greatly influenced by [[M. N. Roy]], who had been introduced to her by [[Nissim Ezekiel]] and other professors of hers.<ref name="MenezesHeraldLiberdade24" /> Lobo was later hired as a [[stenographer]] and a [[librarian]] at [[All India Radio]] (AIR), Bombay. She pursued a degree in Law while employed at AIR.<ref name="ChadhaIEMural24">{{Cite web |first=Pavneet |last=Singh Chadha|date=2024-05-18 |title=As a mural comes up in Panaji, the muse, a 99-year-old Goan freedom fighter, looks on from her balcony |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/long-reads/panaji-mural-muse-99-year-old-goan-freedom-fighter-9337556/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524165536/https://indianexpress.com/article/long-reads/panaji-mural-muse-99-year-old-goan-freedom-fighter-9337556/ |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=2024-12-26 |website=The Indian Express |url-access=subscription |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baruah |first=Rishika |date=2015-12-18 |title=The Underground Voice That Fought for Goa, Meet Unsung Libia Lobo |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/the-underground-voice-that-fought-for-goa-meet-unsung-libia-lobo |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=TheQuint |language=en}}</ref>

===Voice of Freedom (1955–1961)===
{{Main|Voice of Freedom (radio station)}}
In 1954–55, the Portuguese attacked and killed several [[Satyagraha|Satyagrahis]] who had peacefully entered the Goan borders, demanding the end of colonial rule in Goa. Following this, India closed its borders with Goa, imposing an economic blockade, thus reducing free movement and trade. Lobo, [[Vaman Sardesai]] and [[Nicolau Menezes]], a Goan independence activist who had been living in hiding in Bombay, came together to form a team. Using two wireless radio sets, which were confiscated the Portuguese, were converted into a radio transmitter. This became the [[Voice of Freedom (radio station)|Voice of Freedom radio station]], through which Lobo, Sardesai and Menezes would transmit news and important information to Goans.<ref name="ChadhaIEMural24" /><ref>{{Cite web |first=Vivek |last=Menezes |date=24 Dec 2022 |title=Libia Lobo Sardesai's Voice of Freedom |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Cafe/Libia-Lobo-Sardesai%E2%80%99s-Voice-of-Freedom/198571 |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=oHeraldo |archive-date=10 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240710091944/https://www.heraldgoa.in/Cafe/Libia-Lobo-Sardesai%E2%80%99s-Voice-of-Freedom/198571 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

They initially lived in the jungles of [[Amboli Ghat]], {{Approx.|{{Convert|100|km|mi|abbr=on}}}} from Goa, transmitting an hour-long programme. After Menezes and his wife left, Lobo and Sardesai shifted to [[Castle Rock, Karnataka]] ({{Approx.|{{Convert|50|km|mi|abbr=on}}}} from Goa).<ref name="ChadhaIEMural24" /> Lobo took the alias of "Vimal Nadkarni" to hide from the Portuguese.<ref name="GTVoice24" />

In the days preceding [[Operation Vijay (1961)|Operation Vijay]], Lobo and Sardesai were contacted by the [[Indian defence forces]]. On 17 December 1961, the station transmitted a direct message from then [[Defence Minister of India]], [[V. K. Krishna Menon]], requesting the Portuguese Governor General to surrender. Following the success of Operation Vijay and the [[liberation of Goa]] on 19 December 1961, Lobo and Sardesai boarded an [[Indian Air Force]] plane with a radio and loudspeaker attached to it, flying over Goa and dropping leaflets and announcing the freedom of Goa.<ref name="ChadhaIEMural24" />

===Post Liberation (1961 onwards)===
Following the [[Liberation of Goa]], Lobo joined the [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|Ministry of External Affairs]] to help in their efforts to [[repatriate]] the captured Portuguese troops.<ref name="MenezesHeraldLiberdade24" />

Lobo and Sardesai got married on 19 December 1964, the third anniversary of Goa's Liberation. They had no children.<ref name="MenezesHeraldLiberdade24" />

Lobo was the first Director of Tourism for [[Goa, Daman and Diu]] after the [[liberation of Goa]].<ref name="HeraldDoT24" /> She is regarded as the first practicing female lawyer in Goa. She went on to be the founder and promoter of the Women’s Cooperative Bank, which, as of 2024, is fully run by women. She was also the founder and president of the Goa College of Home Sciences.<ref name="MenezesHeraldLiberdade24" /> In 1994, following her husband's death, she founded the Vedanta Institute "to help people become better versions of themselves".<ref name="GTVoice24" />

Lobo currently lives in the city of [[Panaji]], [[Goa]].<ref name="PerezNationalist18" />

==Legacy and awards==
Lobo's life story is displayed at the renovated museum at the [[Aguada fort]].<ref name="GTVoice24" />

On the occasion of her 100th birthday in 2024, F. N. Souza's grandson, [[Solomon Souza]], painted a mural on the wall of a building facing Lobo's house in [[Panaji]].<ref name="ChadhaIEMural24" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2024 |first=Ajit |last=John |title=Making an artistic mark in Panjim |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Cafe/Making-an-artistic-mark-in-Panjim/221429 |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref>

She was awarded the [[Padma Shri]] in 2025.<ref name="HinduPadmaShriJan25" />

{{Gallery
|title=Legacy of Libia Lobo Sardesai
|width=233 | height=233
|align=center
|File:Mural depicting Libia Lobo Sardesai.jpg
|Mural depicting Libia Lobo Sardesai in Panjim, Goa
|The President of India, Smt Droupadi Murmu presenting the Padma Shri Award to Smt. Libia Lobo Pratap Rao Sardesai at the Civil Investiture Ceremony-I at Rashtrapati Bhavan, in New Delhi on April 28, 2025.jpg
|Lobo receiving her [[Padma Shri]] in 2025
}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Commons category-inline}}

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Social Work}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lobo Sardesai, Libia}}
[[Category:1924 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women]]
[[Category:Indian lawyers]]
[[Category:Goa liberation activists]]
[[Category:People from Portuguese India]]
[[Category:People from North Goa district]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in social work]]
[[Category:Siddharth College of Arts, Science and Commerce alumni]]

Gonsalo Garcia

2026-01-22T14:51:27Z

Vijaysakumedia: formatting fix

{{Short description|Friar Minor, martyr and saint}}
{{Other people|Gonzalo Garcia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox saint
| honorific_prefix= [[Saint]]
| name = Gonsalo Garcia
| honorific_suffix=[[Order of Friars Minor|O.F.M.]]
| image = Statue of St Gonsalo Garcia of Bassein, India - 20120620.png
| imagesize =
| alt =
| caption = St Gonsalo Garcia of Bassein
| titles =
| birth_date = 1556/1557
| birth_place = [[Vasai|Bassein]] ([[Baçaim]]), [[Portuguese India]] [[Deccan Sultanates]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1597|2|05|1557|2|5|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Nagasaki]], Japan
| venerated_in = [[Catholic Church]]
| beatified_date = 14 September 1627
| beatified_place =
| beatified_by = [[Pope Urban VIII]]
| canonized_date = 8 June 1862
| canonized_place =
| canonized_by = [[Pope Pius IX]]
| major_shrine = St. Gonsalo Garcia Church Gass, [[Vasai]], India
| feast_day = 6 February (along with other martyrs), 7 February (in India)
| attributes =
| patronage = {{unbulleted list|[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay]], |Indian Catholic Youth Movement (ICYM)|[[Bombay East Indians|East Indian Community]]}}
}}

'''Gonsalo Garcia''', [[Order of Friars Minor|O.F.M.]] ({{langx|pt|Gonçalo Garcia}}; 1556 – 5 February 1597) was a [[lay brother]] of the [[Franciscans]] from [[History of Bombay under Portuguese rule (1534–1661)|Portuguese Bombay and Bassein]] in [[early modern India]]. He died at the hands of [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] and was [[canonised]] along with his companions, the [[26 Martyrs of Japan]].<ref name="dmello">[https://archive.today/20120710203456/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-10-13/india/27898749_1_vasai-patron-saint-jesuits D'Mello, Ashley, "St Gonsalo Garcia: The 1st Indian saint"]. ''The Times of India'', 13 October 2008</ref> {{Christianity in India sidebar}}

==Historical background==
[[Bassein (Vasai)]] is about 30 miles north of [[Bombay]]. The Portuguese began their presence on the western coast of India with the arrival in 1498 of [[Vasco da Gama]] at the harbour of [[Calicut (Kozhikode)]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.history.com/topics/exploration/vasco-da-gama|title = Vasco da Gama| date=6 June 2023 }}</ref> [[John III of Portugal]] appointed [[Nuno da Cunha]] as the Governor of [[Goa]]. Under his leadership, the Portuguese started attempts to conquer [[Diu Island|Diu]] from the [[sultan of Guzerat]]. Taking Bassein was part of this effort.

After a series of conflicts, Da Cunha took control of the town with the Treaty of Bassein in December 1534. Construction of the [[Fort Bassein|Fort of St Sebastian]] commenced in 1536. The area was prized for its timber for shipbuilding. Its fertility and position, together with its healthy climate, made it a commercial centre of some importance, and the home of many Portuguese noblemen.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url = http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02343a.htm | author = Fernandez, Peter | title = Bassein | encyclopedia = The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 2 | place = New York | publisher = Robert Appleton Company | date = 1907 | access-date = 26 January 2013| quote = Its fertility and position, together with its healthy climate, made it a commercial centre of some importance, and the home of many Portuguese noblemen}},</ref> and took on characteristics of a European city.

The prosperity of Bassein increased such that it was considered among the richest cities among the Portuguese colonies in the world at that time. It became the capital of the Portuguese Province of the North of India; Goa being the capital of Portuguese Province of South. The Portuguese ruled the area for over 200 years.

==Biography==
===Early life===
Garcia was born in 1557. Documents in the Lisbon Archives (ANTT) describe him as {{lang|pt|natural de Agaçaim}} (a resident of Agashi village) in Bassein. His father was a Portuguese soldier and his mother a Canarim as the Portuguese called the inhabitants of the [[Konkan]]. Modern scholars such as Gense and Conti accept the fact that Gonsalo's mother was from Bassein.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pandit |first1=Suraj |title=वसईचा पहिला संत गोन्सालो गार्सिया |url=https://www.lokmat.com/manthan/first-saint-vasai-was-gonzalo-garcia-a301/ |access-date=6 December 2020 |work=Lokmat |date=6 December 2020 |language=mr-IN}}</ref> As the child of a European father and an Indian mother he was a ''[[Mestiço#Mestiços – Portuguese India and Portuguese Ceylon|mestiço]]'' in the Portuguese sense of term.

The fort was reserved for the European people and their servants. According to the policy adopted by the Portuguese colonial government, any Portuguese who got married with a local woman was given certain privileges. So Garcia's father was permitted to quit the job and stayed in the fort as a civilian employee, and because of that his family came to reside inside the fort.

Garcia studied at the [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit]] school in Fort Bassein<ref name=dsa>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06379a.htm D'sá, Manoel. "St. Gonsalo Garcia." The Catholic Encyclopedia] Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 31 Octobrt 2021 {{PD-notice}}</ref> and helped in their {{lang|pt|Igreja do Santo Nome de Jesus}} (Church of the Holy Name of Jesus), now known as St. Gonsalo Garcia Church. Here Garcia came into contact with the Jesuit priest, Sebastião Gonsalves, who became a friend and guide throughout his life. During his stay with the Jesuits, he learned grammar, philosophy and Roman history.

===Lay missionary===
[[File:Gonzalo Garcia (Window pane in the Cathedral of Pune).JPG|thumb|left|upright=1.1|Window in the Cathedral of [[Pune]]]]
In 1580 Garcia left Bassein with some Jesuit missionaries headed to join their mission in Japan. He quickly acquired a knowledge of the language. As a missionary, he went about in public places drawing children to himself by his amiable disposition, by his fluency in the language of the country and by his kindness. He served faithfully as a catechist for eight years.<ref name=dsa/>

===Missionary-turned-merchant===
On leaving the Jesuits, Garcia went to the city of Alacao. There he established himself as a merchant. Gradually, his business transactions expanded and he was able to found new establishments. His commercial relations brought him into contact with all the ranks of Japanese society. The business flourished and he gained great wealth. During his frequent visits to Manila he made the acquaintance of the [[Order of Friars Minor|Franciscan Friars]], and being drawn more and more towards them, he joined them as a lay brother.<ref name=dsa/>

===A Franciscan preacher===
Garcia was very much delighted when he was accepted into the Franciscan order. In Manila, he came into contact with the Franciscan missionary, Friar Pedro Bautista, who remained his companion until their shared death. Garcia started his career as a catechist in Manila. The main advantage for him was his ability to speak the Japanese language. From the different parts of Japan, people began to send him invitations to return. It was at this time that the King of Spain wanted to send a delegation to Japan. The Spanish Governor of Manila selected Peter Baptist as the leader of the delegation, and, since he did not know the Japanese language, Garcia was selected as his translator as well as his companion. Garcia was so happy with this offer that he immediately accepted the responsibility. The missionaries left Manila on 26 May 1592.<ref name=dsa/>

In Japan, Garcia became the center of attraction, as he knew the Japanese language well. After facing some initial difficulties the Franciscans settled in Japan and began their missionary work in [[Kyoto]], [[Osaka]], etc. The Japanese [[kanpaku|regent]] [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] was very friendly with these Franciscans. It was a time when Jesuits were facing lot of opposition in Japan. The people of Japan appreciated the simple way of living adopted by these Franciscan missionaries. It helped them to accelerate their conversion program. Many Japanese, including their overlords, began to accept Christianity. Slowly Japan became the great center of evangelization for the Franciscan missionaries.

===Arrival in Japan===
{{Main|San Felipe incident (1596)}}
In October 1596, the Spanish ship ''[[San Felipe incident (1596)|San Felipe]]'', bound from Manila to [[Acapulco]], was driven by typhoons to the coast of Japan. It was laden with gold and silver when it beached on a sandbar in [[Kōchi, Kōchi|Urado Bay]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Murdoch |first1=James |last2=Yamagata |first2=Isoh |title=A History of Japan: During the Century of Early Foreign Intercourse (1542–1651) |location=Kobe, Japan |publisher=Kobe Chronicle |year=1903 |page=287}}</ref> The captain of the ship, Francisco de Olandia, while conversing with the Japanese customs officials, spoke of {{lang|pt|La Espanha de los Conquistadores}} and boasted that the King of Spain had captured many countries in the world. He told them that the King of Spain sent the missionaries first to instigate the people against their ruler.<ref>Boxer, C. R. ''The Christian Century in Japan: 1549–1650''. University of California Press, (1951) p. 166</ref>
When the matter was reported to Toyotomi Hideyoshi, he became enraged. The situation was exploited by Yakuin Zenso, his physician and close advisor. He issued an order to arrest and execute all Christian missionaries in Japan. The Franciscans, including Bautista, Garcia and others were arrested on 8 December 1596 and were sentenced to death. There were three Jesuits also, including the native [[seminarian]], [[Paul Miki]].

===Death by crucifixion===
On 4 January the prisoners who had been sentenced to death began their journey from Kyoto. They traveled six hundred miles from Kyoto to [[Nagasaki]] through [[Sakai, Osaka|Sakai]], [[Okayama]], [[Hiroshima]], [[Shimonoseki]], and [[Karatsu, Saga|Karatsu]]. They reached Nagasaki on 4 February 1597. The next morning they were taken to a hill known as Nishigaoka. As Garcia was prominent among the missionaries, he was given the middle place. The execution started at 10 o'clock in the morning. He, Peter Baptist, and the other friars were crucified, along with fifteen teenage boys who were members of the [[Third Order of Saint Francis]], as well as the three Jesuits.{{sfn|Murdoch|Yamagata|1903|p=295}}

The condemned were so tired that they could not endure it for long and within half an hour everything was over. The two soldiers who worked as executioners completed their task by stabbing their spears into the missionaries' chests. The Portuguese and Japanese Christians attending the execution broke past the guards and started soaking pieces of cloth in the blood of the executed, gathering lumps of the blood-soaked dirt, and tearing up their [[religious habit]]s and kimono for holy relics. The guards beat the relic-hunters away and order was reestablished. Guards were positioned around the hill to keep onlookers at a distance.

==Veneration==
In 1627, the twenty-six were declared venerable by [[Pope Urban VIII]] and permitted the Jesuits and the Franciscans to venerate them. In 1629 their veneration was permitted throughout the Universal Church.

The matter was neglected for more than two centuries. It was once again taken up in 1862 and on 8 June 1862 [[Pope Pius IX]] [[Canonization|canonized]] Gonsalo Garcia and his co-martyrs as the [[26 Martyrs of Japan]]. Brother Gonsalo Garcia became St. Gonsalo Garcia, the first Catholic saint of India and the Indian sub-continent, and 8 June 2012 marked the 150th anniversary of his canonization.

==Legacy==
Garcia's memory is kept alive with a college named after him in Vasai.<ref name="dmello"/> He is the [[patron saint]] of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Vasai]] and his feast day is a joint one for the group of martyrs, on 6 February (as the actual day of his death, 5 February, is the feast of St. Agatha). Thomas Dabre, the Bishop Emeritus of Vasai, says Garcia's relevance even today lies in the universalism of his charity and love. A small statue of Gonçalo Garcia was taken from Portugal to [[Recife]] in Brazil as early as 1745 by a local Brazilian because of his brown complexion (a further proof of his Indian ancestry), where his veneration soon took off.<ref name=dmello/>

==See also==
*[[Cyril Bernard Papali]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Catholic|wstitle=St. Gonsalo Garcia}}

==Sources==
* ''India's only canonized saint: St Gonsalo Garcia of Bassein''. by Dr. Regin D’silva, St Gonsalo Garcia Publications, Bassein, pp95, 2003.

==External links==
* [http://saints.sqpn.com/saintg95.htm Gonsalo Garcia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720164237/http://saints.sqpn.com/saintg95.htm |date=20 July 2008 }} at Patron Saints Index
* [http://www.26martyrs.com/ Twenty-Six Martyrs Museum Home Page]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100811215443/http://cs.nyu.edu/kandathi/devasahayam.html#garcia St. Gonsalo (Gundisalvus, Gonzalo) Garcia, O. F. M.]
* Biographies of the 26 Martyrs [https://web.archive.org/web/20120331092333/http://210.136.236.116/MartyrsHP/Engmartstory.html]

{{Portalbar|Saints}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garcia, Gonsalo}}
[[Category:1556 births]]
[[Category:1597 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Thane]]
[[Category:Indian people of Portuguese descent]]
[[Category:Indian Friars Minor]]
[[Category:Franciscan missionaries]]
[[Category:Indian people executed abroad]]
[[Category:26 Martyrs of Japan]]
[[Category:Indian Roman Catholic saints]]
[[Category:Portuguese Roman Catholic saints]]
[[Category:Canonized Roman Catholic religious brothers]]
[[Category:Canonizations by Pope Pius IX]]

Sruti Harihara Subramanian

2026-01-18T18:21:31Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding initial stub first draft

{{Undisclosed paid|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sruti Harihara Subramanian
| image =
| caption =
| birth_place = [[Nigeria]]<ref>{{Cite news|title=A saga from the banks of Meenachil|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/kottayam-meenachil-sruti-documentary-national-award-a-far-afternoon-a-painted-saga.html|website= Malayala Manorama}}</ref>
| other_names = Sruti Harihara
| birth_date =
| occupation = Director
| spouse =
| children =
| relatives =
| yearsactive = 2002–present
|known_for = Brave and Bold
}}
'''Sruti Harihara Subramanian''' is a director, entrepreneur, theater actor and former [[Miss Chennai]] in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web| title=Sruti finds her metier in film |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/viral-and-trending/181018/sruti-finds-her-metier-in-film.html|work=Indian Express|date=18 October 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | title=Sruti Harihara Subramanian: Documenting art| url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Sruti-Harihara-Subramanian-Documenting-art/article16729538.ece | website= The Hindu| date=30 November 2016 | last1=Nadadhur | first1=Srivathsan }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Expect the unexpected in cinema'|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/050216/expect-the-unexpected-in-cinema.html|website= Deccan Chronicle|date=5 February 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=A saga from the banks of Meenachil|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/kottayam-meenachil-sruti-documentary-national-award-a-far-afternoon-a-painted-saga.html |website=Malayala Manorama |language=en}}</ref> Her debut feature documentary ''A Far Afternoon'', about artist [[Krishen Khanna]], got 2 national awards: Rajat Kamal Award for Best Art and Culture Film and Best Music for non-feature film at the [[63rd National Film Awards]].<ref>{{Cite news | title=Between dawn and dusk| url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/art/a-documentary-on-painter-krishen-khanna-a-far-afternoon-has-bagged-the-national-awards/article8417893.ece | website= The Hindu| date=31 March 2016 }}</ref> She is most notable for directing the 5 episode Amazon Exclusive musical docu-series, ''Harmony with [[A. R. Rahman]]'' and the 2017 documentary ''Brave and Bold''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AR Rahman has a childlike nature: Sruti Harihara|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/ar-rahman-birthday-sruti-harihara-5525320/|website = Indian Express|date=6 January 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | title=A Far Afternoon — A Painted Saga by Krishen Khanna, Sruti Harihara Subramanian captures in reel how the life and craft of this artist are intertwined| url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/as-krishen-khanna-etched-a-far-afternoon/article7695173.ece | website= The Hindu| date=27 September 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title=The Slow Unfolding of an Artist's Creative Process| url=https://thewire.in/society/18857 | website= The Wire}}</ref> In 2019 she received the Upcoming Entrepreneur of the Year award from [[Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry|FICCI]].

==Early life==
Before starting her career as a documentary director, she was [[Miss Chennai]] in 2002 and worked as an assistant director with notable filmmakers like [[Revathi]]. She assisted [[Vikram Kumar|Vikram K. Kumar]] in the movies [[Yavarum Nalam]] & 13B in 2009 and [[Vishnuvardhan (director)]] in the movie Panjaa in 2011. Sruti has also acted in Tamil TV series like Sahana in 2003,<ref>{{Cite web|title=An afternoon sojourn |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/entertainment/an-afternoon-sojourn-krishen-kumar.html|website =The Week}}</ref> Chidambara Rahasyam in 2004 and was featured in over 100 print ads. Apart from winning the 2nd runner-up, she also won the Miss Talent and Miss Cyber Princess at the Miss Chennai contest in 2002. She is also a trained Carnatic singer and Bharatnatyam dancer.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Expect the unexpected in cinema'|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/050216/expect-the-unexpected-in-cinema.html|website= Deccan Chronicle|date=5 February 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=A saga from the banks of Meenachil|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/kottayam-meenachil-sruti-documentary-national-award-a-far-afternoon-a-painted-saga.html |website=Malayala Manorama |language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneur life==

Sruti is an entrepreneur and founder of Goli Soda Store, which was launched as a sustainability store with zero wastage in 2013 in Chennai.
In 2019 Sruti was awarded the [[Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry|Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) Ladies Organization]] (FLO) award for ''Upcoming Entrepreneur of the Year''. Sruti received the award from Tamil Nadu Governor [[Banwarilal Purohit]]. The same year she was awarded the Yuva Samman Young Achiever award in the Best Entrepreneur category.<ref>{{Cite web | title= Women's Day Special: These Indian business heads help Mother Earth profit with every sale|url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/msociety/2019/mar/08/these-indian-women-who-help-mother-earth-profit-every-time-you-swipe-your-card-at-one-of-their-store-13249.html | website = Indian Express|date=8 March 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title=Buy less, waste less, live in harmony with nature | url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/personal-finance/buy-less-waste-less-liveharmonynature-944879.html| website=Money control}}</ref>

Sruti is also the founder trustee of The Cinema Resource Centre (TCRC) which is a not-for- profit public archive of Indian cinema designed to enable research on the audio-visual cultural artifacts produced by Indian films, especially those made in the South Indian regional languages.<ref>{{Cite web|title='Rewind. Pause. Archive': The Cinema Resource Centre's efforts to preserve forgotten treasures of Indian cinema|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2020/jun/11/rewind-pause-archive-2154907.html|website = New Indian Express|date=11 June 2020 }}</ref>

==Filmography==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Language !! Type !! Notes
|-
| 2015 || ''A Far Afternoon: a Painted Saga by [[Krishen Khanna]]''|| Director || [[English language|English]]|| Documentary feature film || Won [[National Film Award]]
|-
| 2016 || ''Sewa Geet'' || Director || [[Hindi]]|| Music Video || Piramal group anthem sung by [[Kailash Kher]]
|-
| 2017 || Brave and Bold || Director || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] / [[English language|English]]|| Documentary film || by Cuomo Foundation
|-
| 2018 || ''Harmony with [[A. R. Rahman]]''|| Director || English / Malayalam / Manipuri / Lepcha / Hindi || Documentary film || Featuring A R Rahman
|-
| 2021 || ''Yavanika''|| Director || Tamil / Kannada / Hindi / Telugu / English || Dance Film || featuring Priyadarsini Govind
|-
| 2022-23 || ''Ponniyin Selvan: Part 1 & 2''|| Promo Videos Director || Tamil / English / Hindi
|| Series of Promotional films ||
|}

==Awards and nominations==
* 2015 : Rajat Kamal for the best art/cultural film at the 63rd Indian [[National Film Awards]]
* Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) Ladies Organization (FLO) award for Upcoming Entrepreneur of the year
* Yuva Samman Young Achiever award.
<ref>{{ Cite news| title= Women achievers honoured in Chennai |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/women-achievers-honoured-in-chennai/articleshow/68169965.cms | website = Times of India|date=26 February 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| title= Chennai college honours under-35 female achievers| url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2019/feb/25/city-college-honours-under-35-female-achievers-1943239.html | website = Indian Express| date=24 February 2019 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Indian female models]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{India-film-director-stub}}
{{Asia-pageant-bio-stub}}

Palaiya Jumma Palli

2026-01-11T09:07:15Z

Vijaysakumedia: created

{{Short description|Mosque in Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{for|similarly named mosques|List of grand mosques}}
{{Infobox religious building
| image = Palaiya Jumma Palli.jpg
| image_upright = 1.4
| caption = Old Jumma Masjid of Kilakarai
| name = Palaiya Jumma Palli
| location = [[Kilakarai]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
| country = [[India]]
| map_type = India Tamil Nadu
| map_size = 250
| map_relief = 1
| map_caption = Location of the mosque in [[Tamil Nadu]]
| geo = {{coord|9.2314|N|78.7844|E|region:IN_type:landmark|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| religious_affiliation = [[Islam]]
| status = [[Mosque]]
| functional_status = Active
| architect = [[Badhan (Persian Governor)|Bazan Ibn Sasan]]
| architecture_type = {{nowrap|[[Mosque architecture]]}}
| architecture_style = [[Architecture of Tamil Nadu|Tamil Islam architecture]]
| groundbreaking = 628 [[Common Era|CE]]
| year_completed = {{ubl|630 CE;|{{nowrap|1036 CE {{small|(reconstruction)}}}}}}
| dome_quantity = One
| minaret_quantity = Two
}}
The '''Palaiya Jumma Palli''' ({{translation|Paḻaiya jum'mā paḷḷi|Old Jumma Masjid}}), also known as the '''Meen Kadai Palli''', is a [[mosque]], located in [[Kilakarai]], in the state of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. Completed in 630 [[Common Era|CE]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/Oldest-Indian-mosque-Trail-leads-to-Gujarat/articleshow/55270285.cms|title=Oldest Indian mosque: Trail leads to Gujarat |work=The Times of India |date=6 November 2016 }}</ref> it is believed to be [[List of the oldest mosques in the world|one of the oldest mosques in the world]] and along with [[Cheraman Juma Masjid]] in [[Kodungallur]], [[Kerala]] and Barwada Mosque in Ghogha, [[Gujarat]], the [[List of mosques in India|first mosque in India]].<ref>Gibb & Beckingham 1994, pp. 814–815 Vol. 4.</ref><ref name="heritageonlinefoundation">{{cite web | url=http://www.heritageonline.in/2014/07/kilakarai-the-oldest-mosque-in-india/ | title=KILAKARAI-THE OLDEST MOSQUE IN INDIA | publisher=Heritageonlinefoundation | access-date=7 March 2015 | author=Krishna, Nanditha | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402201132/http://www.heritageonline.in/2014/07/kilakarai-the-oldest-mosque-in-india/ | archive-date=2 April 2015 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

The mosque is located in Kilakarai, an ancient port town in [[South India]]. It was built between 628–630 CE and was re-constructed in 1036 CE. The mosque, along with the others in the town, is one of the greatest examples of [[Architecture of Tamil Nadu|Tamil Islam architecture]].<ref name="tamilnet">{{cite web | url=http://tamilnet.com/art.html?catid=13&artid=37619 | title=Documentary on Tamil Muslims inspires approach to Tamil national struggle | publisher=TamilNet | access-date=15 February 2015}}</ref>

==History and construction==
Constructed by the Yemeni merchants and trade settlers of the pre-Islamic period in Pandiya kingdom ordered by Baadhan (Bazan ibn Sasan) Governor of Yemen at the time of [[Muhammad]], after they accepted Islam in 625–628 [[Common Era|CE]] at the time of [[Kavadh II]] son of [[Khosrau II]] (king of Persia). This mosque was rebuilt in the 11th century after the [[Saheed War]].

== Architecture ==
The mosque architecture is similar to a temple architecture, however, the mosque does not have idol carving on the pillars or walls. The ''[[mihrab]]'' is on the wall of inner mosque which is unique identification of mosques for identifying the direction of prayer towards ''[[kaaba]]''. The ''mihrab'' was exactly towards kaaba, and it's also proof of early navigation system followed here. The name ''pallavasal'' means worship place, with many door access, the Tamil name of the mosque.<ref name="tamilnet" />

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
Kilakarai Arabic tombstone.jpg|Tombstone in [[Arwi]] script
Ojm west veiw.jpg|A view of the mosque roofline
Ojm inner old.jpg|Mosque interior
Ojm side veiw old.jpg|
Inner masjid after conservation.jpg|
Side view of ojm.jpg|
Ojm4369.jpg|
Ojm2623.jpg|
Ojm10350.jpg|
Ojm405.jpg|
Ojm841.jpg|Green door of the mosque
</gallery>

== See also ==
{{stack|{{portal|India|Islam}}}}
* [[Islam in Kilakarai]]
* [[List of mosques in India]]
* [[List of the oldest mosques in the world]]

==References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category-inline|Kilakarai Masjid}}

{{Mosques in India}}

[[Category:630 establishments]]
[[Category:7th-century mosques]]
[[Category:11th-century mosques]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1036]]
[[Category:Grand mosques|Palaiya]]
[[Category:Mosque buildings with domes in India]]
[[Category:Mosque buildings with minarets in India]]
[[Category:Mosques in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Ramanathapuram district]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in the 630s]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in the 1030s]]

{{India-mosque-stub}}
{{Ramanathapuram-geo-stub}}

Spoorthi Yadagiri

2026-01-08T00:36:23Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding basic entry w/ refs

{{Short description|Indian playback singer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Spoorthi Yadagiri
| image = Spoorthi.jpg
| caption = Spoorthi receiving award for her Kukuru song in ''[[Kick 2]]''
| birth_date = 25 March 2000<ref name="t">{{Cite web|url=http://www.telugubookofrecords.com/home/youngest-female-play-back-singer-in-indian-film-industry/|title=YOUNGEST FEMALE PLAY BACK SINGER IN INDIAN FILM INDUSTRY | telugu book|date=31 August 2016}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Ramakrishnapur]]am, Telangana<ref name="T"/>
| yearsactive = 2011–present
| parents = Jithender<ref name="D">{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/music/130916/singing-away-to-glory.html|title=Singing away to glory|first=Neha|last=Jha|work=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=13 September 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121235531/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/music/130916/singing-away-to-glory.html|archive-date=21 November 2016}}</ref> Chaitanya<ref name="D"/>
| relatives = [[Jai Srinivas]] (uncle)<ref name="E">{{Cite web|url=https://www.eenadu.net/telugu-news/women/general/6204/121242790|title=బహుముఖ స్ఫూర్తి|work=[[ETV (Telugu)|ETV]]|date=28 November 2021|language=te}}</ref>
| family =
| occupation = Playback singer
| other names = Spoorthi Jithender<ref name="D"/>
}}

'''Spoorthi Yadagiri''' (also known as '''Spoorthi Jitender''') is an Indian playback singer who works primarily in [[Telugu cinema|Telugu]]-language films.

== Career ==
At the age of three, Spoorthi would compose songs and write lyrics.<ref name="D"/> She sang a song for the "Raja Rani" television serial and was paid ₹250.<ref name="E"/> She made her film debut as a playback singer at the age of eleven with the film ''[[Yamaho Yama]]'' (2012) when she was eleven years old.<ref name="D"/> She then went on to sing for [[Puri Jagannadh]]'s ''[[Loafer (2015 film)|Loafer]]'' (2015) and ''[[Ism (film)|Ism]]'' (2016).<ref name="D"/> She sang the title song of ''[[Kick 2]]'' (2015) called "Kukkurukuru", which was an [[item song]].<ref name="D"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ftp.andhrabhoomi.net/content/yuva-241|title=పాటల ప్రపంచంలో మరో కోకిల!|language=te|date=29 September 2016|work=[[Andhra Bhoomi]]}}</ref><ref name="E"/> She wrote the lyrics and sang the female version of the Telugu song "[[Pillaa Raa]]" from ''[[RX 100 (film)|RX 100]]'' (2018).<ref name="E"/> Spoorthi sang the folk song "Dan Dana Dan".<ref name="E"/> After the song's success, she sang more than eighty folk songs.<ref name="E"/> She became famous for the song "Undipova" from [[Savaari (2020 film)|''Savaari'']] (2020).<ref name="T">{{Cite web|url=https://telanganatoday.com/singer-spoorthi-creates-magic-with-her-euphonious-voice|title=Singer Spoorthi creates magic with her euphonious voice|date=28 December 2021|website=[[Telangana Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/music/i-have-to-thank-music-buffs-for-making-savaaris-songs-a-hit-sekhar-chandra/articleshow/74172830.cms|title=I have to thank music buffs for making Savaari's songs a hit: Shekar Chandra|work=[[The Times of India]]|last=Nyayapati|first=Neeshitha|date=17 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/news/2020/feb/17/shekhar-chandra-on-cloud-nine-after-nee-kannulu-success-17083.html|title=Shekhar Chandra on cloud nine after Nee Kannulu success|work=[[The New Indian Express|Cinema Express]]|date=17 February 2020}}</ref> She has since sung in seventy films.<ref name="D"/>

== Personal life ==
She hails from [[Ramakrishnapur]]am, Telangana.<ref name="T"/> She studied at [[Trinity College London]].<ref name="E"/> As of November 2021, she is pursuing a [[Bachelor of Science]] in [[distance education]] at [[Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University Delhi]] and has taught twenty-five children music since the [[COVID-19 lockdowns|lockdown]].<ref name="E"/> She writes and raps English songs and uploads them to her YouTube channel.<ref name="E"/>

==Discography==
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
|-
! width=5%| Year
!Song
! style="width:25%;" | Film
!Composer
!Co-singers
|-
|2012
|"Talkiesu Talkiesu"
|''[[Yamaho Yama]]''
|Bhole Shavali
|
|-
|rowspan="5"| 2015
|"Mazare Mazare"
| ''Okkaditho Modalaindi''
|Bhole Shavali
|
|-
|"Nokkey Dochey"
| ''[[Loafer (2015 film)|Loafer]]''
|Sunil Kashyap
|
|-
|"Kukkurukuru"
| ''[[Kick 2]]''
|[[Thaman S]]
|
|-
|"Appadam Appadam"
| ''Sitara ''
|Gantadi Krishna, Ram Paidisetty
|
|-
|"Chocolate Thinipisthanu"
| ''Mee Kosam''
|Bhole Shavali
|
|-
|rowspan="5"| 2016
|"Jyothi Lakshmi"
| ''Nuvvu Evaro Nenu Evaro''
|Ramana Saake
|
|-
|"Cup Of Coffee Ok Na"
|''Chal Chal Gurram''
|Vengi
|
|-
|"Bhoom Shakalaka"
|''Banthi Poola Janaki''
|Bhole Shavali
|
|-
|"O Mama Ekkadunnav"
| ''Marala Telupana Priya''
|[[Shekar Chandra]]
|
|-
|"Podaade Poda Poda
| ''[[Ism (film)|Ism]]''
|[[Anup Rubens]]
|
|-
| rowspan="5"|2017
|Bachche Kachche Sachche
| ''Bachche Kachche Sachche''
|Ravishankar, Bhole Shavali
|
|-
|"Killer Verappan"
|''Accident''
|Vijay Balaji
|
|-
|"Sunny Leon"
|''Lacchi''
|Suresh Yuvan
|
|-
|"Sinnodu Peddodu"
|''Sarovaram''
|[[Sunil Kashyap]]
|
|-
|"Naughty Naughty"
|''127B'' (Dakhini)
|Seshu K. M. R.
|
|-
| rowspan="2"|2018
|"Aggi Rajukundi Balle"
| ''Desa Dhimmari''
|Subhash Anand
|
|-
|"Undipothara" (Female version)
| ''[[Husharu]]''
|[[Radhan]]
|
|-
|rowspan="8"|2019
|"Uppu Karam"
|''Seenu Venu''
|Ravi Mulakalapalli
|
|-
|"Chalaaki Challa Challa"
|''Bullet''
|Subhash Anand
|
|-
|"Mashallah"
|''Krishna Rao Supermarket''
|Bhole Shavali
|
|-
|"Waka Waka Waka"
|''Special''
|N. V. S. Manyam
|
|-
|"Naa Kannulu Vethike"
|''Pranam Khareedu''
|[[Vandemataram Srinivas]]
|
|-
|"Mathuga Mathuga"
|''Planning''
|Bl Prasad
|
|-
|"Murari Murari"
|''[[Vajra Kavachadhara Govinda]]''
|Vijay Bulganin
|
|-
|"Undipova"
| [[Savaari (2020 film)|''Savaari'']]
|Shekar Chandra
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|2020
|"Thantrika"
|''Nili Nilimisalodu''
|Naga Vamshi
|
|-
|"Daaham Theranantunnadi"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/telugu/blocked-song-daaham-theranantunnadi-lyrical/videoshow/79383733.cms|title=Blocked | Song - Daaham Theranantunnadi (Lyrical) | Entertainment Videos|website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|''Blocked''
|Pradeep Chandra
|
|-
|"Guppedu Gundellona"
|''Vidyarthi''
|Vijay Bulganin
|
|-
|rowspan="5"|2021
|"Kathi Khatarnak Figurey Nenu"
|''Veyyi Shubhamulu Kalugu Neeku''
|Gynani Singh
|
|-
|"Superhitte"
|''Chitrapatam''
|Bandaru Danaiah Kavi
|
|-
|"Manalo Mata"
|''Cherasaala''
|Shankar Thamiri
|
|-
|"Scenu Scenu Siruguddhi"
|''Battala Ramaswamy Biopikku''
|Ram Narayan
|
|-
|"Dhammu"
|''Ammayi''
|Ravi Shanker, DSR
|
|-
|rowspan="5"|2022
|"Skin Tone Milk"
|''Kothala Rayudu''
|[[Sunil Kashyap]]
|
|-
|"I Miss You"
|''Case 30''
|Abu
|
|-
|"Chorkiyare"
|''[[Chor Bazaar]]''
|Suresh Bobbili
|
|-
|"Kumbhamela"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/telugu/kumbhamela-song-manninchava/videoshow/96417346.cms|title=Kumbhamela | Song - Manninchava | Entertainment Videos|website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|''Manninchava''
|John Bhushan
|
|-
|"Ninna Daddy Nange"
|''Oh My Love'' (Kannada)
|Charan Arjun
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2023
|"Bapu Bomma"
|''[[Bhari Taraganam]]''
|Sukku
|[[Yazin Nizar]]
|-
|"Hey Madhumathi"
|''[[Jilebi (2023 film)|Jilebi]]''
|[[Mani Sharma]]
| [[Dhanunjay Seepana]], Simha
|-
| rowspan="2" |2024
|"Honeymoon Express"
|[[Honeymoon Express (2024 film)|''Honeymoon Express'']]
|[[Kalyani Malik]]
|
|-
|"Ori Mayaloda"
|''[[Uruku Patela]]''
|Pravin Lakkaraju
|
|-
|}

=== Female versions and Independent Songs ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Song
!Album
!Channel
|-
|"Pilloda" (Female version)
|''[[RX 100 (film)|RX 100]]''
|Mango Music
|-
|"Yegire Yegire"
|''Madhanam''
|[[Aditya Music]]
|-
|"Oke Oka Lokam"
|''[[Sashi (film)|Sashi]]''
|Aditya Music
|-
|"Yaen Ennai Pirindhaai" (Tamil)
|''[[Aditya Varma]]''
|Aditya Music
|-
|"Anandamo"
|''[[Sindhooram (2023 film)|Sindhooram]]''
|Aditya Music
|-
|"Zari Zari"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/telugu/first-teaser-of-maanas-and-vishnupriyas-song-zari-zari-is-out-amardeep-rj-kajal-and-others-send-out-best-wishes/articleshow/93830408.cms|title=First teaser of Maanas and Vishnupriya's song 'Zari Zari' is out; Amardeep, RJ Kajal and others send out best wishes|date=28 August 2022|work=The Times of India}}</ref>
|{{emdash}}
|Nivriti Vibes
|-
|"Sitharangi"
|{{emdash}}
|Sunny Austin & Chinna Swamy
|-
|"Nerajana"
|{{emdash}}
|Sunny Austin & Chinna Swamy
|-
|"Love Mashup 2019"
|{{emdash}}
|Mango Music
|-
|"Nachadamma" (female version)
|''[[Geetha Govindam]]''
|Aditya Music
|-
|"Oo Maasi"
|''Gaali'' (TV series)
|Madhura Audio
|-
|"Kisko Pata Hein"
|''Cab Stories'' (TV series)
|Mango Music
|-
|"Badmash DJ"
|''Badmash Gallaki Bumper Offer'' Promotional song
|Aditya Music
|-
|"Go Back 2020" - English rap version
|{{emdash}}
|Mittapalli Studio
|-
| "Yogila"<ref name="T"/>
|{{emdash}}
|Matla Music
|-
|"Oh Cheli"
|{{emdash}}
|Baloo Spicy
|-
|"Sinukulata"<ref name="T"/>
|{{emdash}}
|sytv
|-
| "Dan Dana Dan"<ref name="T"/>
|{{emdash}}
|sytv
|-
|"Yadavunnavo Yennela Bava"<ref name="E"/>
|{{emdash}}
|Siri Muvva Music
|-
|"Ungarala Juttoda"<ref name="E"/>
|{{emdash}}
|RK Music
|-
|"Gunde Jallumannade Bava"<ref name="E"/>
|{{emdash}}
|V Music
|-
|"Tiktok Tik"
|''Raja Rani''
|Star Maa - TV serial
|-
|}

==Awards and nomination==
*Telugu Book of Records Achiever - Youngest Playback Singer<ref name="t"/>
*Won - Best Upcoming Female Singer - Gama Awards (Dubai) for "Kukkurukuru" from ''[[Kick 2]]''<ref name="T"/>
*Won - Little Crazy Star of the Year 2015 award for "Kukkurukuru" from ''[[Kick 2]]''<ref name="t"/>
*2021 - Nominated, [[9th South Indian International Movie Awards#Music 2|SIIMA Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] for "Undipova" from ''[[Savaari (2020 film)|Savaari]]''<ref name="T"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb name|14240527}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yadagiri, Spoorthi}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2000 births]]
[[Category:Telugu-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Indian child singers]]
[[Category:Indian women playback singers]]
[[Category:Singers from Telangana]]
[[Category:People from Adilabad district]]
[[Category:Women musicians from Telangana]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]

Tukaram Gangadhar Gadakh

2025-12-27T03:50:42Z

Vijaysakumedia:

{{Short description|Indian politician (1953–2022)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name =Tukaram Gangadhar Gadakh
| image = Gadakh Tukaram Gangadhar.jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1953|11|01|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Ahmednagar]], [[Bombay State]], India
| residence = [[Ahmednagar]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2022|12|02|1953|11|01|df=y}}
| death_place =
| constituency = [[Ahmednagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ahmednagar]]
| office = [[Member of Parliament]] [[Lok Sabha]]
| term_start = 2 June 2004
| term_end = 18 May 2009
| predecessor =[[Dilipkumar Gandhi]]
| successor =[[Dilipkumar Gandhi]]
| office1 = Member of the [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency1 = [[Shevgaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Shevgaon]]
| term_start1 = 27 February 1990
| term_end1 =13 March 1995
| predecessor1 = Sambhajirao Phatke
| successor1 = [[Pandurang Gamaji Abhang]]
| party =[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
| religion =
| spouse = Laxmibai T. Gadakh
| children = 1 son and 2 daughters
| website =
| footnotes =
| date = 16 September |
| year = 2006 |
| source = http://164.100.24.208/ls/lsmember/biodata.asp?mpsno=4080
}}

'''Tukaram Gangadhar Gadakh''' (1 November 1953 – 2 December 2022) was an Indian politician who was a member of the [[14th Lok Sabha]] from 2004 to 2009. He represented the [[Ahmednagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ahmednagar]] constituency of [[Maharashtra]] and was a member of the [[Nationalist Congress Party]] (NCP) political party.

Gadakh died from heart failure on 2 December 2022, at the age of 69.<ref>[https://marathi.indiatimes.com/maharashtra/ahmednagar-news/ex-mp-tukaram-gadakh-passed-away/articleshow/95953864.cms माजी खासदार तुकाराम गडाख यांचे निधन; लढवय्या नेता हरपला] {{in lang|hi}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gadakh, Tukaram Gangadhar}}
[[Category:1953 births]]
[[Category:2022 deaths]]
[[Category:India MPs 2004–2009]]
[[Category:Marathi politicians]]
[[Category:Nationalist Congress Party politicians from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:People from Ahmednagar]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Maharashtra]]

{{Maharashtra-NCP-politician-stub}}

Vadiyakkadu

2025-12-22T19:06:07Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding new info v1

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Vadiyakkadu
| native_name = Vadiyakkadu
| native_name_lang = Tamil
| other_name = Vadiyakkadu
| nickname =
| settlement_type =
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = 
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu, India
| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Thanjavur district|Thanjavur]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Tehsil|Taluk]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Pattukkottai taluk|Pattukkottai]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| leader_title = Panchayat President
| leader_name = P.Vivek
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1147
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 614903
| area_code = +91 4373
| registration_plate = TN49
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Vadiyakkadu''' is a village in the [[Madukkur Panchayat Union]], [[Pattukkottai taluk]] of [[Thanjavur district]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India, also known as Vadiyakkadu. It is a small and well developing Village located in southern part of Tamil Nadu. It is 15 km from Pattukkottai. It is surrounded with number of villages. Being in the Cauvery River Delta Area the inhabitants’ main occupation is agriculture. [[Tamil language|Tamil]] is the official language and is predominantly spoken.

== Demographics ==
As per the 2001 census, Vadiyakkadu had a total population of 1147 with 580 males and 567 females. The sex ratio was 978. The literacy rate was 71.1.

== Major cultivation==
Thanjavur is known as the "Rice bowl of Tamil Nadu". Paddy is the crops and the other crops grown are blackgram, banana, coconut, gingelly, ragi, red gram, green gram, sugarcane and maize. The total percentage of land fit for cultivation is 58%. There are three seasons for agriculture in Thanjavur - Kuruvai (June to September), Samba (August to January) and Thaladi (September, October to February, March) but due to lack of water resources maximum area should be planted by coconut trees. Paddy and coconut are the major crops cultivated by Vadiyakkadu people.

==Education==
There is One Government Primary School located in south street.

==Temples==

There are five major temples – Vinayagar Temple, Marriyamman Temple, Sivan Kovil, Ayyanar Temple, Munishwarar Temple, and Veeranar Temple.

==Others==
Political:

Member of Legislative Assembly N.R. Rangarajan (IN Congress)- MLA of Pattukottai.
Councillor - M. Sekar (AIADMK, Keelakurichi)

Vadiyakkadu is a part of the Thanjavur Lok Sabha constituency
Most of the peoples are supporters of AIADMK, DMK and INC Congress.

== References ==
* {{cite web|title=Primary Census Abstract - Census 2001|url=http://www.census.tn.nic.in/pca2001.aspx|publisher=Directorate of Census Operations-Tamil Nadu|access-date=2009-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829003438/http://www.census.tn.nic.in/pca2001.aspx|archive-date=2009-08-29|url-status=dead}}
{{coord missing|Tamil Nadu}}

[[Category:Villages in Thanjavur district]]

Madhugandha Kulkarni

2025-12-22T16:22:48Z

Vijaysakumedia:

{{Short description|Indian film, theatre and television personality}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Madhugandha Kulkarni
| image =
| caption =
| years_active =
| birth_date = 25 December
| birth_place = [[Pandharpur]], India
| occupation = Actor, screenwriter
| spouse = [[Paresh Mokashi]]
}}

'''Madhugandha Kulkarni''' is an Indian film, theatre and television personality.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pad.free-press-release.com/news-in-conversation-with-madhugandha-kulkarni-shailendra-barve-mitalee-jagtap-only-on-ibn-lokmat-1437369857.html|title=Shailendra barve News: In Conversation with Madhugandha Kulkarni, Shailendra Barve & Mitalee Jagtap, Only On IBN-Lokmat|website=pad.free-press-release.com|access-date=2017-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/movies/previews/Elizabeth-Ekadashi/articleshow/45136458.cms|title=Elizabeth Ekadashi - Times of India|work=The Times of India|access-date=2017-05-23}}</ref>

==Career==
Madhugandha Kulkarni is an Indian actress and screenwriter. She has done good work in Marathi films. These include [[Harishchandrachi Factory]], [[Taptapadi]] (2014), Elizabeth Ekadashi (2014) and Chi Va Chi Sau Ka (2017).

== Personal life ==
Kulkarni's childhood was spent in [[Pandharpur]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.loksatta.com/viva-news/elizabeth-ekadashi-writer-madhugandha-kulkarni-meet-in-viva-lounge-1102632/|title=सृजनगंधा|date=2015-05-15|work=Loksatta|access-date=2017-05-23|language=mr-IN}}</ref> She is married to [[Paresh Mokashi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-elizabeth-ekadashi-works-its-magic-with-the-box-office-and-critics-2035479|title=Elizabeth Ekadashi works its magic with the box office and critics... {{!}} Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis|date=2014-11-16|work=dna|access-date=2017-05-23|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Work ==
* Dialogue, story writer and co-producer of the film [[Chi Va Chi Sau Ka]]
* Dialogue, story writer and co-producer of the film [[Elizabeth Ekadashi]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nagpurtoday.in/nagpurs-ketaki-mategaonkar-wins-first-ever-marathi-filmfare-award-for-best-playback-singer/11211612|title=Nagpur's Ketaki Mategaonkar wins first ever Marathi Filmfare Award for best playback singer|website=www.nagpurtoday.in|date=21 November 2015 |language=en-US|access-date=2017-05-23}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/nominations-for-ajeenkya-dy-patil-filmfare-awards-marathi-11241.html|title=Nominations for Ajeenkya DY Patil Filmfare Awards (Marathi)|work=filmfare.com|access-date=2017-05-23}}</ref> based on her childhood living in Pandharpur.<ref name=":0" />
* Dialogue writer for the film [[Taptapadi]].<ref name=":1" />
* Screenplay co-writer for the film [[Chi Va Chi Sau Ka]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://punemirror.indiatimes.com/others/special/blockbuster-to-art-house/articleshow/56274609.cms|title=Blockbuster to art house - Pune Mirror -|work=Pune Mirror|access-date=2017-05-23|archive-date=14 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714120221/https://punemirror.indiatimes.com/others/special/Blockbuster-to-art-house/articleshow/56274609.cms|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Actor in film ''Pangira''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/news/pangira-film-2138952.html|title=pangira-film- m.bhaskar.com|website=m.divyamarathi.bhaskar.com|access-date=2017-05-23}}{{dead link|date=May 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
* Screenplay and dialogues for the television serial [[Chukbhul Dyavi Ghyavi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.televisionpost.com/television/zee-marathis-new-show-to-mark-the-return-of-actor-dilip-prabhavalkar-on-silver-screen/|title=Zee Marathi's new show to mark the return of actor Dilip Prabhavalkar on silver screen {{!}} TelevisionPost.com|website=www.televisionpost.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-05-23}}</ref>
* Actor in short film ''Baangdya''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/story/two-marathi-short-films-to-be-screened-at-cannes-72488-2010-04-22|title=Two Marathi short films to be screened at Cannes|access-date=2017-05-23}}</ref>
* Actor in television serial [[Julun Yeti Reshimgathi]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.tarunbharat.com/news/146113|title=आजच्या मालिका टीआरपीवर अवलंबुन - तरुण भारत|date=2014-10-20|work=तरुण भारत|access-date=2017-05-23|language=en-US}}</ref>
* Writer of television serial [[Honar Soon Mi Hya Gharchi]].<ref name=":2" />
* Writer of plays ''Tya Eka Valnavar'' and ''Lagnabambal''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://maharashtratimes.indiatimes.com/madhugandha-kulkarni/articleshow/45571590.cms|title=मधुगंधा कुलकर्णी -Maharashtra Times|date=2014-12-19|work=Maharashtra Times|access-date=2017-05-23|language=mr}}</ref>
* Actor in plays ''Eka Kalajachi Goshta'' and ''Lali leela''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://prahaar.in/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A6-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D/|title=ताकद प्रभावी लेखनाची अन् अभिनयाची|website=prahaar.in|language=en-US|access-date=2017-05-23}}</ref>
* Actor in television serial [[Tuza Maza Breakup]]
* Actor in Movie [[Nach Ga Ghuma]] <ref>{{cite web |title=Naach Ga Ghuma Movie (2024): Cast, Trailer, OTT, Songs, Release Date {{!}} Exclusive 2024 - Rang Marathi |url=https://rangmarathi.com/naach-ga-ghuma-movie/ |website=Rang Marathi |access-date=17 March 2024 |date=30 January 2024}}</ref>
* Played role of Advocate Kalindi Dharmadhikari in TV series [[Lakhat Ek Aamcha Dada]], [[Savalyachi Janu Savali]], [[Paaru (Marathi TV series)|Paaru]] and [[Lakshmi Niwas (TV series)|Lakshmi Niwas]]
* Writer, producer and actor in play ''[[Lagna Panchami]]''

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kulkarni, Madhugandha}}
[[Category:Marathi actors]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
{{improve categories|date=May 2024}}

{{India-film-actor-stub}}
{{India-stage-actor-stub}}

Novas Conquistas

2025-12-17T13:20:35Z

Vijaysakumedia: Content improved for clarity and flow

{{Refimprove|date=November 2008}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Novas Conquistas
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = pt
| settlement_type = Region
| image_skyline = GoaConquistas.png
| image_caption = Goa at its height under Portuguese occupation. The ''Novas Conquistas'' are highlighted in cream.
| image_flag =
| image_seal =
| image_shield =
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Portuguese Empire]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Subdivisions of Portugal|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Estado da India]]
| subdivision_type2 = Historical Province
| subdivision_name2 = [[Portuguese Goa|Goa]] [[Província do Norte (India)|Província do Norte]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Concelhos]]
| subdivision_name3 = Goa: 7 Província do Norte: 8
| subdivision_type4 = Parishes
| subdivision_name4 = 25
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type = Capital
| seat = [[Nova Goa]] (Pangim)
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
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| population_as_of =
| population_density_km2 = auto
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| population_note =
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| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| iso_code =
| website =
| footnotes =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
}}

The '''Novas Conquistas''' or "New Conquests" are a group of seven ''[[concelho]]s'' (municipalities) of [[Goa and Damaon]], officially known as [[Portuguese India]]. They were added into Goa in the 18th century AD, comparatively date than the three original ''concelhos'' that make up the ''[[Velhas Conquistas]]'', or "Old Conquests".

The seven ''concelhos'' of the ''Novas Conquistas'' are:<ref>{{Cite news |date=2010-04-15 |title=How Goa got its talukas |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/how-goa-got-its-talukas/articleshow/5805960.cms |access-date=2025-12-17 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
* [[Pernem taluka|Pernem]],
* [[Bicholim taluk|Bicholim]],
* [[Sattari]],
* Antruz ([[Ponda taluka|Ponda]]),
* [[Sanguem taluka|Sanguem]] (modern-day [[Sanguem]] and [[Dharbandora]]),
* [[Quepem taluk|Quepem]] and
* [[Canacona taluka|Canacona]].

[[Silvassa]] was a newly-acquired area in the [[Damaon, Diu & Silvassa|Província do Norte]].

In writing postal addresses, the ''Novas Conquistas'' were abbreviated "N.C."

== History ==
In December 1764, [[Hyder Ali]], the king of [[Mysore]], sent his general, Fazalullah Khan, northward into Soonda via Bednur, where landowners who resisted his administration met severe retribution. Fearing capture, the [[Sundem|Raja of Soonda]] fled to Goa and surrendered his territories below the [[Western Ghats]] to the Portuguese in exchange for sanctuary and a fixed annual stipend. The lower territories including the port of [[Sadashivgad]], near [[Karwar]], were absorbed into the [[Kingdom of Mysore]].<ref name="Machado">''Sarasvati's Children: A History of the Mangalorean Christians'', Alan Machado Prabhu, I.J.A. Publications, 1999, pp. 168</ref>

The new areas granted by the Raja of Soonda were incorporated into [[Portuguese India|Portuguese Goa]].

Later, in 1783, the [[Sawantwadi State|Kingdom of Sawantwadi]] needed get Portuguese help against Kolhapur and so he ceded some parts of Pernem, Bicholim and Sattari to Portugal. The remaining part of Pernem (including [[Fort Tiracol|Terekhol Fort]]) was ceded in 1788 and thus came to be known as the ''Novas Conquistas'' (New Conquests). Unlike the ''Velhas Conquistas'', these areas remained predominantly [[Hinduism|Hindu]], as the Portuguese lost their zeal of [[Christianization]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/americancatholic33philuoft#page/244/mode/2up/search/Jesuit|title=The American Catholic quarterly review|website= archive.org|page=244|access-date=31 May 2017|publisher=Philadelphia : Hardy and Mahony}}</ref>

== Conflicts ==
Some lands in what would become the Novas Conquistas region had been acquired by the Portuguese prior to the 1783 treaty.
*[[Siege of Tiracol]] (1746)
*[[Siege of Alorna]] (1746)

==See also==
* [[Velhas Conquistas]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Colonial Goa]]
[[Category:Districts of Goa]]
[[Category:Former districts of India]]

Nilachala

2025-11-29T04:52:15Z

Vijaysakumedia:

[[File:Puri078.jpg|thumb|The [[Jagannath]] Temple at [[Puri]]]]{{Short description|Region of religious significance in Odisha}}
'''Nilachala''', also rendered '''Niladri''' is a region corresponding{{explain|date=April 2025}} to [[Puri]], in the Indian state of [[Odisha]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Devadevan |first=Manu V. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=exzhDwAAQBAJ&dq=N%C4%ABl%C4%81cala&pg=PA177 |title=The 'Early Medieval' Origins of India |date=2020-12-03 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-108-49457-1 |pages=177 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Manti |first=J. C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QweqCQAAQBAJ&dq=Nilachala+Puri&pg=PR29 |title=The Saga of Jagannatha and Badadeula at Puri (: Story of Lord Jagannatha and his Temple) |date=2014-08-22 |publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-82652-45-8 |pages=29 |language=en}}</ref>

== Description ==
{{See also|Neela Madhava}}

According to the [[Skanda Purana]], King [[Indradyumna]] of [[Avanti Kingdom (Mahabharata)|Avanti]] is said to have dreamt of the deity [[Nila Madhava|Nilamadhava]]. The king is regarded to have dispatched many priests and messengers in the search of this elusive deity, regarded as a form of [[Vishnu]]. Finally, Vidyapati, one of the priests of Indradyumna, located the [[Murti|image]] of Nilamadhava at Nilachala, at the sacred region of Purushottama Kshetra, and took the news back to the king. The image of the deity vanished before Indradyumna's arrival. After being propitiated, [[Vishnu]] is stated to have offered instructions for the construction of the [[Jagannath Temple, Puri|Jagannath temple]] of Puri, also in Nilachala.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Parmeshwaranand |first=Swami |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6F0ZIBIL2ZAC&dq=indradyumna+Avanti&pg=PA322 |title=Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Puranas |date=2001 |publisher=Sarup & Sons |isbn=978-81-7625-226-3 |pages=322 |language=en |access-date=2023-06-16 |archive-date=2023-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308040351/https://books.google.com/books?id=6F0ZIBIL2ZAC&dq=indradyumna+Avanti&pg=PA322 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Silva |first=Jose Carlos Gomes da |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yChREAAAQBAJ&dq=Nilamadhava+sapphire&pg=PA129 |title=The Cult of Jagannatha: Myths and Rituals |date=2010-01-01 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-3462-0 |pages=129 |language=en |access-date=2023-06-16 |archive-date=2023-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308040355/https://books.google.com/books?id=yChREAAAQBAJ&dq=Nilamadhava+sapphire&pg=PA129 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Hypotheses==

===Hypothesis 1===
[[Indologist]] and Jagannath cult researcher, [[Heinrich von Stietencron]] in "''The Advent of Vishnuism in Orissa: An Outline of its History According to Archaeological and Epigraphical Sources from the Gupta Period up to 1135 AD.''" in A. Eschmann et al., The Cult of Jagannath and the Regional Tradition of Orissa, Delhi: Manohar, pp. 1–30, hypothesizes the actual existence of a mountain at Puri in the past and said:

<blockquote>No real mountain exists in the Puri town. Yet it is true that the Jagannath temple was actually built on a hill which receded sharply on its western side. Drifting sands and the sediments of continuous settlement have combined to raise the ground at the foot of the hill considerably so that the difference in level to the temple is no longer striking. It can be noticed, however, when approaching the ancient Siva temples which were situated to the west and to the north of the Hill.<ref>Stietencron, pp. 1-30.</ref>
</blockquote>

===Hypothesis 2===
Another hypothesis regarding the naming of Puri as 'Nilachala' has been advanced by the noted historian, Dr. Krushna Chandra Panigrahi, in his "''History of Orissa''", pp. 338–339. It has been argued that no mountain existed at the Jagannath shrine, and:

<blockquote>Then the Bhaumas came from [[Assam]] in the first part of the eighth century A.D., ruled over [[Orissa, India|Orissa]], obtained the shrine from the [[Sora people|Savaras]], got the temple built on the spot and gave it the name [[Kamakhya Temple|Nilachala]], which was the name of the famous shrine of [[Kamakhya Temple|Kamakhya]] in their homeland of [[Assam]].</blockquote>

==See also==
* "[[Nilachaley Mahaprabhu]]" – biopic of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu

==References==

{{reflist}}
== Sources ==
* {{Official website|http://www.jagannath.nic.in/|Shri Jaganath, official website}}
*[http://www.jagannathtemplepuri.com/ Shri Jaganath Temple at Puri]
*Das, Bikram: Domain Of Jagannath - A Historical Study, BR Publishing Corporation.
*Das, Suryanarayan: Jagannath Through the Ages, Sanbun Publishers, New Delhi. (2010) [https://books.google.com/books?id=gFn8wSDfSxEC]
*Eschmann, A., H. Kulke and G.C. Tripathi (Ed.): The Cult of Jagannath and the Regional Tradition of Orissa, 1978, Manohar, Delhi.
*Hunter, W.W. Orissa: The Vicissitudes of an Indian Province under Native and British Rule, Vol. I, Chapter-III, 1872.
*Kulke, Hermann in The Anthropology of Values, Berger Peter (ed.): Yayati Kesari revisited, Dorling Kindrsley Pvt. Ltd., (2010).
*Mahapatra, K.N.: Antiquity of Jagannath Puri as a place of pilgrimage, OHRJ, Vol.III, No.1, April, 1954, p. 17.
*Mishra, K.C.: The Cult of Jagannath, Calcutta, 1971.
*Mishra, Narayan and Durga Nandan: Annals and antiquities of the temple of Jagannath, Sarup & Sons, New Delhi, 2005. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WKUkLzqNv64C&dq=niladri+vijay&pg=PA64]
*Panigrahi, K. C.: ''History of Orissa'', Kitab Mahal, Cuttack, 2nd ed. (1981)
*Patnaik, H.S.: ''Jagannath, His Temple, Cult and Festivals'', Aryan Books International, New Delhi, 1994, {{ISBN|81-7305-051-1}}.
*Patnaik, N.: ''Sacred Geography of Puri : Structure and Organisation and Cultural Role of a Pilgrim Centre'', Year: 2006, {{ISBN|81-7835-477-2}}
*Starza-Majewski, Olgierd M. L: ''The Jagannatha temple at Puri and its Deities'', Amsterdam, 1983.
*Starza-Majewski, Olgierd Maria Ludwik: ''The Jagannatha Temple At Puri: Its Architecture, Art And Cult'', E.J. Brill (Leiden and New York). [1993] [http://www.paperbackswap.com/Jagannatha-Temple-Puri-O-M-Starza/book/9004096736/]
*Stietencron, Heinrich von: "''The Advent of Vishnuism in Orissa: An Outline of its History According to Archaeological and Epigraphical Sources from the Gupta Period up to 1135 AD.''" in Eschmann, A. et al., [[The Cult of Jagannath and the Regional Tradition of Orissa]], Delhi: Manohar, pp. 1–30

{{Jagannath}}
{{Krishna}}

[[Category:Jagannath]]
[[Category:Hinduism in Odisha]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nilachala}}

St. Jude's Church, Chundale

2025-11-29T04:22:09Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding a entry initial version

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox church
| icon =
| icon_width =
| icon_alt =
| name = St.Jude’s Church, Chundale
| fullname =
| other name = St Jude’s Shrine Chundale
| native_name = Chundale Pally
| native_name_lang =
| image = St. Jude's Church Chundale.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =

| pushpin map = India Kerala
| pushpin label position =
| pushpin map alt =
| pushpin mapsize =
| relief =
| map caption = Location in Kerala, India
| coordinates = {{coord|11.5753181|76.0603043|format=dms|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| osgraw = 
| osgridref = 
| location =
| country = [[India]]

| denomination = [[Latin Catholic Church]]
| previous denomination =
| tradition = [[Eastern Catholic Churches]]
| religious institute = 
| churchmanship =
| membership =
| attendance =
| website = 

| former name =
| bull date =
| founded date = 1925 
| founder = Fr Victor de Rozario
| dedication = [[Jude the Apostle|St.Jude Thaddaeus]]
| dedicated date = 1925
| consecrated date =
| cult =
| relics =
| events =
| past bishop =
| people =

| status =
| functional status =
| heritage designation =
| designated date =
| architect = Mr. T. M. D’Cruz
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| completed date = 1953
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| parish =
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| diocese = [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Calicut]]
| province =
| presbytery =
| synod =
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| district =
| division =
| subdivision =

| archbishop =
| bishop = Most. Rev. Dr. Varghese Chakkalakal<ref>{{cite web |title=Bishop Varghese Chakkalakal [Catholic-Hierarchy] |url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bchakk.html |website=www.catholic-hierarchy.org}}</ref>
| auxiliary bishop =
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'''St.Jude’s Church, Chundale''' is a [[Roman Catholic Church]] located at [[Chundale]], [[Wayanad]], [[Kerala]] under the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Calicut|Diocese of Calicut]].<ref>{{cite web |title=St.Jude's Church, Chundale {{!}} Calicut Diocese |url=http://calicutdiocese.org/st-judes-church-chundale/}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The Catholic Directory of India |date=2005 |publisher=St. Paul Publications. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PNQlAQAAIAAJ&q=St.Jude%E2%80%99s+Church,+Chundale |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=he Emergence Of The Society In Nigeria And In Our Parish |url=http://stanthonysurulere.org/St%20Jude.html |website=ST. ANTHONY'S GBAJA, SURULERE, LAGOS}}</ref> This Shrine is a pilgrim centre of North Kerala.<ref>{{cite web |title=St. Jude's Shrine on The Catholic Directory |url=https://www.catholicdirectory.com/chundale/church/st-judes-shrine |website=The Catholic Directory |language=en}}</ref> The walls of the church are decorated by the paintings of Brother Angelo Bignami,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Terraroli |first1=Valerio |last2=Franceschini |first2=Paola |title=Italian art ceramics, 1900-1950 |date=2007 |publisher=Skira |isbn=9788876246869 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dJtQAAAAMAAJ&q=Brother+Angelo+Bignami |language=en}}</ref> with incidents of traditions believed to be performed by St Jude.

==Feasts==
The Annual Feast of St.Jude is celebrated on the Second Sunday of January Every Year.<ref>{{cite news |last1=CV |first1=Shibu |title=ചുണ്ടേല്‍ പള്ളിയില്‍ തിരുനാള്‍ മഹോത്സവം 3ന് തുടങ്ങും: പ്രധാന തിരുന്നാൾ 12, 13 തിയതികളിൽ. |url=https://newswayanad.in/2019/01/13233 |work=Newswayanad.in-No.1 news portal of Wayanad |date=2 January 2019}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Christianity in Kerala}}
{{Churches of Kerala}}
{{Wayanad}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:St.Jude's Church, Chundale}}
[[Category:Churches in Wayanad district]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic church buildings in India]]

2022–23 Senior Women's National Football Championship

2025-11-04T21:29:37Z

Vijaysakumedia: made new entry basic info

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox football tournament season
|title = {{nowrap|Women's National Football Championship}}
|year = [[2022–23 in Indian football|2022–23]]
|other_titles =
|image =
|image_size =
|caption =
|country = India
|dates = 22 March – 28 June 2023
|num_teams = 32
|winners = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
|count = 2
|second = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
|matches = 95
|goals = 420
|attendance =
|scoring_leader = Anju ([[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]) (13 goals)
|award =
|goalkeeper =
|prev_season = [[2021–22 Rajmata Jijabai Trophy|2021–22]]
|next_season = [[2023–24 Rajmata Jijabai Trophy|2023–24]]
}}

The '''2022–23 Senior Women's National Football Championship''', also known as '''Hero Senior Women's National Football Championship''' for sponsorship reasons, was the 27th edition of the [[Rajmata Jijabai Trophy|Senior Women's National Football Championship]], the premier competition in [[India]] for women's teams representing regional and state football associations.<ref>{{cite news |date=6 March 2023 |title=32 teams to feature in 27th edition of the Hero Senior Women's National Football Championship |agency=AIFF |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/32-teams-to-feature-in-27th-edition-of-the-hero-senior-womens-national-football-championship |accessdate=6 March 2023}}</ref>

[[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]], won their second title after beating [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]] 2–1`in the final.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/comeback-queens-tamil-nadu-regain-national-supremacy |title=Comeback queens Tamil Nadu regain National supremacy |work=AIFF |date=28 June 2023 }}</ref>

== Format ==
Thirty-one teams have been divided into six groups in the qualifying round, which will be played in six different venues across the country. The Final Round of the competition will have a total of 12 teams - six group winners, five best runners-up, and the Railways, who have been given direct entry. The 12 teams will be divided into two groups of six each. The top two teams from each group will qualify for the semi-finals.<ref>{{cite news|date=6 March 2023|title=27th Senior Women National Football Championship to kick-off from Saturday|agency=ANI |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/football/27th-senior-women-national-football-championship-to-kick-off-from-saturday20230306201124/|accessdate=6 March 2023}}</ref>

=== Schedule ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" |Matchday
! colspan="6" |Dates
|-
!Group I
!Group II
!Group III
!Group IV
!Group V
!Group VI
|-
|Matchday 1
|28 March 2023
|27, 28 March 2023
|25 March 2023
|26, 27 March 2023
|25 March 2023
|29 March 2023
|-
|Matchday 2
|30 March 2023
|30, 31 March 2023
|27 March 2023
|29, 30 March 2023
|27 March 2023
|31 March 2023
|-
|Matchday 3
|1 April 2023
|2, 3 April 2023
|29 March 2023
|1, 2 April 2023
|29 March 2023
|2 April 2023
|-
|Matchday 4
|
|5, 6 April 2023
|31 March 2023
|4, 5 April 2023
|
|4 April 2023
|-
|Matchday 5
|
|8, 9 April 2023
|2 April 2023
|7, 8 April 2023
|
|6 April 2023
|}

=== Centralised venues ===
* Group I → GNDU Sports Complex, [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
* Group II → [[Indira Gandhi International Sports Stadium|IGIS Complex]], [[Haldwani]]/[[Rudrapur, Uttarakhand|Rudrapur]], [[Uttarakhand]]
* Group III → [[Navelim]] and [[Benaulim]], [[South Goa]], [[Goa]]
* Group IV → Pant Stadium, [[Bhilai]], [[Chhattisgarh]]
* Group V → Sports Ground, Hindustan College of Science and Technology, [[Mathura]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
* Group VI → [[Bangalore Football Stadium]], [[Bengaluru]], [[Karnataka]]

==Group stage==
===Group I===
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL

|update=complete
|source=[https://www.the-aiff.com/competitions/senior-women-nfc AIFF]
|team1=HR |team2=PB |team3=SK |team4=TG
|result1=KO |result2=KO

|win_PB=1 |draw_PB=2 |loss_PB= |gf_PB=6 |ga_PB=1 |status_PB=H
|win_TG= |draw_TG= |loss_TG=3 |gf_TG=0 |ga_TG=16
|win_SK=1 |draw_SK=1 |loss_SK=1 |gf_SK=6 |ga_SK=7
|win_HR=2 |draw_HR=1 |loss_HR= |gf_HR=12 |ga_HR=0

|name_PB=[[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]]
|name_TG=[[Telangana women's football team|Telangana]]
|name_SK=[[Sikkim women's football team|Sikkim]]
|name_HR=[[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]


|res_col_header=Q
|col_KO=#ccffcc |text_KO=Advance to [[2022–23 Rajmata Jijabai Trophy#Final Round|Final Round]]
|class_rules = 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) goals scored; 4) head-to-head result.
}}

{{football box collapsible
| date = 28 March 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Telangana women's football team|Telangana]]
| score = 0–6
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18125
| team2 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Neha {{goal|27||64||78}}
* Mona {{goal|28}}
* Santosh {{goal|32}}
* Tannu {{goal|52}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Rajkumar Angousana Singh
| potm = Neha (Haryana)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 28 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Sikkim women's football team|Sikkim]]
| score = 1–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18126
| team2 = [[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]]
| goals1 = Nimita Gurung {{goal|90+2}}
| goals2 = Karam Tony Devi {{goal|75}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 100
| referee = Bimalendu Mondal
| potm = Nimita Gurung (Sikkim)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 30 March 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| score = 6–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18127
| team2 = [[Sikkim women's football team|Sikkim]]
| goals1 =
* Santosh {{goal|35}}
* Samiksha {{goal|39||63}}
* Neha {{goal|77||80||88}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 0
| referee = Alok Britto
| potm = Neha (Haryana)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 30 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]]
| score = 5–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18128
| team2 = [[Telangana women's football team|Telangana]]
| goals1 =
* Neha Mann {{goal|13||79}}
* Harmilan Kaur {{goal|45+3}}
* Karuna {{goal|78||90+2|pen.}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = R Kannan
| potm = Neha Mann (Punjab)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 1 April 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Telangana women's football team|Telangana]]
| score = 0–5
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18130
| team2 = [[Sikkim women's football team|Sikkim]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Laxmi Thatal {{goal|12||45+1||58}}
* Samjana Rai {{goal|63}}
* Nimita Gurung {{goal|90+4}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 0
| referee = Bimalendu Mondal
| potm = Nimita Gurung (Sikkim)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 1 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| score = 0–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18129
| team2 = [[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 100
| referee = Pranay Saha
| potm = Sita Sharma (Punjab)
}}

===Group II===
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL

|update=complete
|source=[https://www.the-aiff.com/competitions/senior-women-nfc AIFF]
|team1=MH |team2=CH |team3=KL |team4=UT |team5=PY |team6=MZ
|result1=KO
|result2=KO

|win_UT=2 |draw_UT=1 |loss_UT=2 |gf_UT=11 |ga_UT=8 |status_UT=H
|win_CH=3 |draw_CH=2 |loss_CH= |gf_CH=11 |ga_CH=2
|win_PY= |draw_PY=2 |loss_PY=3 |gf_PY=2 |ga_PY=14
|win_KL=3 |draw_KL= |loss_KL=2 |gf_KL=15 |ga_KL=7
|win_MH=4 |draw_MH= |loss_MH=1 |gf_MH=10 |ga_MH=2
|win_MZ= |draw_MZ=1 |loss_MZ=4 |gf_MZ=4 |ga_MZ=20

|name_UT=[[Uttarakhand women's football team|Uttarakhand]]
|name_CH=[[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
|name_PY=[[Pondicherry women's football team|Pondicherry]]
|name_KL=[[Kerala women's football team|Kerala]]
|name_MH=[[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
|name_MZ=[[Mizoram women's football team|Mizoram]]


|res_col_header=Q
|col_KO=#ccffcc |text_KO=Advance to [[2022–23 Rajmata Jijabai Trophy#Final Round|Final Round]]
|class_rules = 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) goals scored; 4) head-to-head result.
}}

{{football box collapsible
| date = 27 March 2023
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Uttarakhand women's football team|Uttarakhand]]
| score = 0–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18141
| team2 = [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Pallavi Rawat (Uttarakhand)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 28 March 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Pondicherry women's football team|Pondicherry]]
| score = 0–6
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18142
| team2 = [[Kerala women's football team|Kerala]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* P Reshma {{goal|20||43}}
* Manasa K {{goal|35}}
* Malavika P {{goal|66}}
* C Reshma {{goal|70}}
* Sreelakshmi A G {{goal|90+4}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = P Reshma (Kerala)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 28 March 2023
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
| score = 5–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18143
| team2 = [[Mizoram women's football team|Mizoram]]
| goals1 =
* Sapna Rajpure {{goal|14}}
* Arya More {{goal|36}}
* Bhumika Mane {{goal|45+2||70}}
* Sanika Patil {{goal|55}}
| goals2 = Deborah Lalenpuii {{goal|52}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Sonali Chemate (Maharashtra)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 30 March 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Kerala women's football team|Kerala]]
| score = 6–2
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18144
| team2 = [[Uttarakhand women's football team|Uttarakhand]]
| goals1 =
* Femina Raj Valappil {{goal|15}}
* P Reshma {{goal|40||84||86}}
* Sivisha C {{goal|48}}
* Malavika P {{goal|89}}
| goals2 =
* Anjana Thapa {{goal|46}}
* Aditi Parmar {{goal|54}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = P Reshma (Kerala)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 30 March 2023
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
| score = 6–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18145
| team2 = [[Mizoram women's football team|Mizoram]]
| goals1 =
* Anay Bai {{goal|2}}
* Yati Mehta {{goal|11}}
* Shivani {{goal|14||90+4}}
* Vedika Gulia {{goal|25}}
* Santosh {{goal|70}}
| goals2 =
* Lalfakmawii {{goal|45+!}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Shivani (Chandigarh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 31 March 2023
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Pondicherry women's football team|Pondicherry]]
| score = 0–2
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18146
| team2 = [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = Arya More {{goal|20||21}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Arya More (Maharashtra)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 2 April 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Uttarakhand women's football team|Uttarakhand]]
| score = 5–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18147
| team2 = [[Mizoram women's football team|Mizoram]]
| goals1 =
* Bhagwati Chauhan {{goal|20||43}}
* Aditi Parmar {{goal|31}}
* Anjana Thapa {{goal|54}}
* Anjali Chhetri {{goal|55}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Bhagwati Chauhan (Uttarakhand)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 2 April 2023
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Kerala women's football team|Kerala]]
| score = 0–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18148
| team2 = [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = Afreen Peerbhoy {{goal|45+1}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Afreen Peerbhoy (Maharashtra)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 3 April 2023
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
| score = 1–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18149
| team2 = [[Pondicherry women's football team|Pondicherry]]
| goals1 = Kavita Devi {{goal|18}}
| goals2 = Mrithula Palin Gm {{goal|31}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Priyanka (Chandigarh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 5 April 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Mizoram women's football team|Mizoram]]
| score = 1–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18151
| team2 = [[Pondicherry women's football team|Pondicherry]]
| goals1 = Zonuntluangi {{goal|45+2}}
| goals2 = Prabavathi M {{goal|61}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Akila (Pondicherry)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 5 April 2023
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Uttarakhand women's football team|Uttarakhand]]
| score = 0–2
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18150
| team2 = [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = Arya More {{goal|3||49}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Arya More (Maharashtra)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 6 April 2023
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Kerala women's football team|Kerala]]
| score = 0–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18152
| team2 = [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Santosh {{goal|14}}
* Ritu {{goal|42}}
* Disha {{goal|85}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Ritu (Chandigarh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 8 April 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
| score = 0–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18154
| team2 = [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = Ritu {{goal|35}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Yati Mehta (Chandigarh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 8 April 2023
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Mizoram women's football team|Mizoram]]
| score = 1–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18153
| team2 = [[Kerala women's football team|Kerala]]
| goals1 = Lalnun Tluangi {{goal|58}}
| goals2 =
* Sivisha C {{goal|11}}
* Benita Solo {{goal|19|o.g.}}
* P Reshma {{goal|87}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Sivisha C (Kerala)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 9 April 2023
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Pondicherry women's football team|Pondicherry]]
| score = 0–4
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18155
| team2 = [[Uttarakhand women's football team|Uttarakhand]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Bhagwati Chauhan {{goal|7}}
* Anjali Chhetri {{goal|38||55||60}}
| stadium = IGIS Complex
| location = [[Haldwani]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Anjali Chhetri (Uttarakhand)
}}

===Group III===
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL

|update=complete
|source=[https://www.the-aiff.com/competitions/senior-women-nfc AIFF]
|team1=HP |team2=OR |team3=GA |team4=AP |team5=RJ
|result1=KO
|result2=KO

|win_GA=2 |draw_GA=1 |loss_GA=1 |gf_GA=13 |ga_GA=5 |status_GA=H
|win_RJ= |draw_RJ= |loss_RJ=4 |gf_RJ=0 |ga_RJ=32
|win_HP=3 |draw_HP=1 |loss_HP= |gf_HP=41 |ga_HP=4
|win_AP=1 |draw_AP= |loss_AP=3 |gf_AP=3 |ga_AP=36
|win_OR=2 |draw_OR=2 |loss_OR= |gf_OR=24 |ga_OR=4

|name_GA=[[Goa women's football team|Goa]]
|name_RJ=[[Rajasthan women's football team|Rajasthan]]
|name_HP=[[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
|name_AP=[[Andhra Pradesh women's football team|Andhra Pradesh]]
|name_OR=[[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]


|res_col_header=Q
|col_KO=#ccffcc |text_KO=Advance to [[2022–23 Rajmata Jijabai Trophy#Final Round|Final Round]]
|class_rules = 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) goals scored; 4) head-to-head result.
}}

{{football box collapsible
| date = 25 March 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Andhra Pradesh women's football team|Andhra Pradesh]]
| score = 0–8
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18131
| team2 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Sumitra Hembram {{goal|17}}
* Deepa Nayak {{goal|17||28}}
* [[Grace Lalrampari Hauhnar]] {{goal|43}}
* Malati Munda {{goal|45||45+2||50}}
* Jasoda Munda {{goal|53}}
| stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]]
| location = [[Margao]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Jasoda Munda (Odisha)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 25 March 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Rajasthan women's football team|Rajasthan]]
| score = 0–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18132
| team2 = [[Goa women's football team|Goa]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Karen Estrocio {{goal|30||46}}
* Velanie Fernandes {{goal|64}}
| stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]]
| location = [[Margao]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Karen Estrocio (Goa)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 27 March 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| score = 3–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18133
| team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
* Malati Munda {{goal|2}}
* Jasoda Munda {{goal|20}}
* Sumitra Hembram {{goal|32}}
| goals2 =
* Riya Sharma {{goal|26}}
* Poonam {{goal|53}}
* Anju {{goal|70}}
| stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]]
| location = [[Margao]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Poonam (Himachal Pradesh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 27 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Andhra Pradesh women's football team|Andhra Pradesh]]
| score = 2–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18134
| team2 = [[Rajasthan women's football team|Rajasthan]]
| goals1 = Tamatapu Aruna {{goal|70||73}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]]
| location = [[Margao]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Tamatapu Aruna (Andhra Pradesh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 29 March 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
| score = 4–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18135
| team2 = [[Goa women's football team|Goa]]
| goals1 =
* Riya Sharma {{goal|11}}
* Nisha {{goal|50}}
* Ritu Devi {{goal|67}}
* Anju {{goal|81}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]]
| location = [[Margao]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Riya Sharma (Himachal Pradesh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 29 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| score = 12–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18136
| team2 = [[Rajasthan women's football team|Rajasthan]]
| goals1 =
* Jasoda Munda {{goal|11||58||90+4||90+6}}
* Malati Munda {{goal|23||33}}
* Bannya Kabiraj {{goal|45+3||72}}
* Niketa Bishi {{goal|52}}
* Bharati Das {{goal|57}}
* Srijana Tamang {{goal|71}}
* Sumitra Hembram {{goal|80}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]]
| location = [[Margao]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Jasoda Munda (Odisha)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 31 March 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Rajasthan women's football team|Rajasthan]]
| score = 0–15
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18137
| team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Poonam {{goal|21||37||49||81||90+2}}
* Manisha {{goal|24||55||68}}
* Nisha {{goal|29||44||57||79}}
* Anju {{goal|33||83}}
* Naketa {{goal|59}}
| stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]]
| location = [[Margao]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Nisha (Himachal Pradesh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 31 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Goa women's football team|Goa]]
| score = 9–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18138
| team2 = [[Andhra Pradesh women's football team|Andhra Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
* Sushmita Jadhav {{goal|6||17||52}}
* Karen Estrocio {{goal|10||22||32||49||55}}
* Namita Shripad Govekar {{goal|39}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]]
| location = [[Margao]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Karen Estrocio (Goa)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 2 April 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
| score = 19–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18139
| team2 = [[Andhra Pradesh women's football team|Andhra Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
* Riya Sharma {{goal|9||60}}
* Nisha {{goal|13}}
* Anju {{goal|15||45+1||45+2||53||62||65||69}}
* Manisha {{goal|18||37||64}}
* Poonam {{goal|23||28||41||43}}
* Naketa {{goal|56||83}}
| goals2 = Kolluru Anuradha {{goal|24}}
| stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]]
| location = [[Margao]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Anju (Himachal Pradesh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 2 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Goa women's football team|Goa]]
| score = 1–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18140
| team2 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| goals1 = Karen Estrocio {{goal|45}}
| goals2 = Satyabati Khadia {{goal|65}}
| stadium = [[Fatorda Stadium]]
| location = [[Margao]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Karen Estrocio (Goa)
}}

===Group IV===
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL

|update=complete
|source=[https://www.the-aiff.com/competitions/senior-women-nfc AIFF]
|team1=JH |team2=DL |team3=MP |team4=CT |team5=LA |team6=JK
|result1=KO

|win_CT=2 |draw_CT=1 |loss_CT=2 |gf_CT=18 |ga_CT=5 |status_CT=H
|win_JH=5 |draw_JH= |loss_JH= |gf_JH=21 |ga_JH=2
|win_LA=1 |draw_LA= |loss_LA=4 |gf_LA=3 |ga_LA=16
|win_DL=3 |draw_DL=1 |loss_DL=1 |gf_DL=16 |ga_DL=4
|win_JK= |draw_JK= |loss_JK=5 |gf_JK=1 |ga_JK=36
|win_MP=3 |draw_MP= |loss_MP=2 |gf_MP=9 |ga_MP=5

|name_CT=[[Chhattisgarh women's football team|Chhattisgarh]]
|name_JH=[[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
|name_LA=[[Ladakh women's football team|Ladakh]]
|name_DL=[[Delhi women's football team|Delhi]]
|name_JK=[[Jammu and Kashmir women's football team|Jammu and Kashmir]]
|name_MP=[[Madhya Pradesh women's football team|Madhya Pradesh]]


|res_col_header=Q
|col_KO=#ccffcc |text_KO=Advance to [[2022–23 Rajmata Jijabai Trophy#Final Round|Final Round]]
|class_rules = 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) goals scored; 4) head-to-head result.
}}

{{football box collapsible
| date = 26 March 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
| score = 2–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18156
| team2 = [[Chhattisgarh women's football team|Chhattisgarh]]
| goals1 =
* Kusma Kispotta {{goal|1||80}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Anjali Munda (Jharkhand)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 26 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Ladakh women's football team|Ladakh]]
| score = 0–6
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18157
| team2 = [[Delhi women's football team|Delhi]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Fragrancy Riwan {{goal|23}}
* Ruchi {{goal|34||70}}
* Deepika Venkatesh {{goal|38||82}}
* Jyoti {{goal|63}}
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Ruchi (Delhi)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 27 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Jammu and Kashmir women's football team|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| score = 0–6
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18158
| team2 = [[Madhya Pradesh women's football team|Madhya Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Ayushi Malvi {{goal|24}}
* Madhu Raghav {{goal|35||52}}
* Neha Mukati {{goal|40}}
* Piyali Kora {{goal|42}}
* Payal {{goal|90+4}}
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Madhu Raghav (Madhya Pradesh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 29 March 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Ladakh women's football team|Ladakh]]
| score = 0–4
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18159
| team2 = [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Komal Kumari {{goal|15}}
* Mamta Kumari {{goal|24||63}}
* Asha Kumari {{goal|43}}
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Mamta Kumari (Jharkhand)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 29 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Delhi women's football team|Delhi]]
| score = 5–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18160
| team2 = [[Jammu and Kashmir women's football team|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| goals1 =
* Deepika Pal {{goal|18||55}}
* Sanfida Nongrum {{goal|50}}
* Jyoti {{goal|85||90+4}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Jyoti (Delhi)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 30 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Madhya Pradesh women's football team|Madhya Pradesh]]
| score = 2–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18161
| team2 = [[Chhattisgarh women's football team|Chhattisgarh]]
| goals1 =
* Neha Mukati {{goal|50}}
* Payal {{goal|73}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Jyosana Toppo (Madhya Pradesh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 1 April 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Jammu and Kashmir women's football team|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| score = 0–13
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18162
| team2 = [[Chhattisgarh women's football team|Chhattisgarh]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Ripika Korram {{goal|8||31||45}}
* [[Kiran Pisda]] {{goal|10||33||45+3}}
* Shubhangi Subba {{goal|16||58}}
* Masipogu Puspa {{goal|27||55||63}}
* Nisha Bhoi {{goal|43}}
* Jagriti Nirmalkar {{goal|90+3}}
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = [[Kiran Pisda]] (Chhattisgarh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 1 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Delhi women's football team|Delhi]]
| score = 2–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18163
| team2 = [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
| goals1 =
* Jyoti {{goal|33}}
* Sanfida Nongrum {{goal|66}}
| goals2 =
* Kusma Kispotta {{goal|48}}
* Asha Kumari {{goal|62}}
* Anjali Gari {{goal|78}}
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Anjali Gari (Jharkhand)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 2 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Madhya Pradesh women's football team|Madhya Pradesh]]
| score = 1–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18164
| team2 = [[Ladakh women's football team|Ladakh]]
| goals1 = Neha Mukati {{goal|44}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Neha Mukati (Madhya Pradesh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 4 April 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
| score = 9–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18165
| team2 = [[Jammu and Kashmir women's football team|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| goals1 =
* Komal Kumari {{goal|11||43}}
* Mamta Kumari {{goal|13||29}}
* Asha Kumari {{goal|41||78}}
* Anjali Gari {{goal|45+2}}
* Chamni Kumari {{goal|49}}
* Dolly Kumari {{goal|54}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Mamta Kumari (Jharkhand)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 4 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Delhi women's football team|Delhi]]
| score = 2–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18166
| team2 = [[Madhya Pradesh women's football team|Madhya Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
* Neha Mukati {{goal|35|o.g.}}
* Ruchi {{goal|71}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Sanfida Nongrum (Delhi)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 5 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Chhattisgarh women's football team|Chhattisgarh]]
| score = 4–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18167
| team2 = [[Ladakh women's football team|Ladakh]]
| goals1 =
* Ripika Korram {{goal|11}}
* Masipogu Puspa {{goal|33||61}}
* Pinki Kashyap {{goal|48}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Pinki Kashyap (Chhattisgarh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 7 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Chhattisgarh women's football team|Chhattisgarh]]
| score = 1–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18168
| team2 = [[Delhi women's football team|Delhi]]
| goals1 = [[Kiran Pisda]] {{goal|36}}
| goals2 = Ruchi {{goal|90+4}}
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = [[Kiran Pisda]] (Chhattisgarh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 8 April 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Jammu and Kashmir women's football team|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| score = 1–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18169
| team2 = [[Ladakh women's football team|Ladakh]]
| goals1 = Zaara Riaz {{goal|50}}
| goals2 = Jigmet Chuzen {{goal|45+3||72||81}}
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Jigmet Chuzen (Ladakh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 8 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
| score = 3–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18170
| team2 = [[Madhya Pradesh women's football team|Madhya Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
* Asha Kumari {{goal|16}}
* Kusma Kispotta {{goal|78||90+5}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Pant Stadium
| location = [[Bhilai]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Kusma Kispotta (Jharkhand)
}}

===Group V===
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL

|update=complete
|source=[https://www.the-aiff.com/competitions/senior-women-nfc AIFF]
|team1=TN |team2=WB |team3=AR |team4=UP
|result1=KO
|result2=KO

|win_WB=2 |draw_WB= |loss_WB=1 |gf_WB=11 |ga_WB=4
|win_TN=3 |draw_TN= |loss_TN= |gf_TN=15 |ga_TN=0
|win_UP= |draw_UP= |loss_UP=3 |gf_UP=0 |ga_UP=18 |status_UP=H
|win_AR=1 |draw_AR= |loss_AR=2 |gf_AR=3 |ga_AR=7

|name_WB=[[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]]
|name_TN=[[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
|name_UP=[[Uttar Pradesh women's football team|Uttar Pradesh]]
|name_AR=[[Arunachal Pradesh women's football team|Arunachal Pradesh]]


|res_col_header=Q
|col_KO=#ccffcc |text_KO=Advance to [[2022–23 Rajmata Jijabai Trophy#Final Round|Final Round]]
|class_rules = 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) goals scored; 4) head-to-head result.
}}

{{football box collapsible
| date = 25 March 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]]
| score = 3–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18172
| team2 = [[Arunachal Pradesh women's football team|Arunachal Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
* Titli Sarkar {{goal|31}}
* Mousumi Murmu {{goal|45+1}}
* Rimpa Haldar {{goal|90+3}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Hindustan College of Science and Technology Ground
| location = [[Mathura]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Usha
| potm = Titli Sarkar (West Bengal)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 25 March 2023
| time = 15:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Uttar Pradesh women's football team|Uttar Pradesh]]
| score = 0–7
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18171
| team2 = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Muskan Khan {{goal|10|o.g.}}
* [[Priyadharshini S.]] {{goal|17||44}}
* Malavika M {{goal|31}}
* Boya Dasari Anitha {{goal|78}}
* Shanmugapriya S {{goal|85}}
* Iswarya S {{goal|89}}
| stadium = Hindustan College of Science and Technology Ground
| location = [[Mathura]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Sen Hangma Subba
| potm = [[Priyadharshini S.]] (Tamil Nadu)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 27 March 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
| score = 4–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18173
| team2 = [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]]
| goals1 =
* Malavika M {{goal|34||79}}
* [[Priyadharshini S.]] {{goal|43}}
* Yuvarani R {{goal|82}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Hindustan College of Science and Technology Ground
| location = [[Mathura]]
| attendance = 37
| referee = Phurki Lhamu Bhutia
| potm = Malavika M (Tamil Nadu)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 27 March 2023
| time = 15:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Arunachal Pradesh women's football team|Arunachal Pradesh]]
| score = 3–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18174
| team2 = [[Uttar Pradesh women's football team|Uttar Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
* Tamchi Yapi {{goal|27}}
* Papung Bodo {{goal|30}}
* Giani Ramching Mara {{goal|64}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Hindustan College of Science and Technology Ground
| location = [[Mathura]]
| attendance = 47
| referee = Kusum Mandi
| potm = Tamchi Yapi (Arunachal Pradesh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 29 March 2023
| time = 09:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
| score = 4–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18175
| team2 = [[Arunachal Pradesh women's football team|Arunachal Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
* [[Priyadharshini S.]] {{goal|4}}
* Sandhiya P {{goal|10||17||47}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = Hindustan College of Science and Technology Ground
| location = [[Mathura]]
| attendance = 27
| referee = Neetu Rana
| potm = Sandhiya P (Tamil Nadu)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 29 March 2023
| time = 15:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Uttar Pradesh women's football team|Uttar Pradesh]]
| score = 0–8
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18176
| team2 = [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Singo Murmu {{goal|8||39}}
* Mousumi Murmu {{goal|21||52}}
* Sushmita Lepcha {{goal|22}}
* Titli Sarkar {{goal|23}}
* Sibani Sharma {{goal|71}}
* Rubina Khatun {{goal|81}}
| stadium = Hindustan College of Science and Technology Ground
| location = [[Mathura]]
| attendance = 175
| referee = Sen Hangma Subba
| potm = Mousumi Murmu (West Bengal)
}}

===Group VI===
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL

|update=complete
|source=[https://www.the-aiff.com/competitions/senior-women-nfc AIFF]

|team1=MN |team2=KR |team3=GJ |team4=AS |team5=BH
|result1=KO
|result2=KO

|win_AS=1 |draw_AS= |loss_AS=3 |gf_AS=12 |ga_AS=9
|win_BH= |draw_BH= |loss_BH=4 |gf_BH=1 |ga_BH=25
|win_GJ=2 |draw_GJ= |loss_GJ=2 |gf_GJ=6 |ga_GJ=15
|win_KR=3 |draw_KR= |loss_KR=1 |gf_KR=22 |ga_KR=6 |status_KR=H
|win_MN=4 |draw_MN= |loss_MN= |gf_MN=18 |ga_MN=4

|name_AS=[[Assam women's football team|Assam]]
|name_BH=[[Bihar women's football team|Bihar]]
|name_GJ=[[Gujarat women's football team|Gujarat]]
|name_KR=[[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
|name_MN=[[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]


|res_col_header=Q
|col_KO=#ccffcc |text_KO=Advance to [[2022–23 Rajmata Jijabai Trophy#Final Round|Final Round]]
|class_rules = 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) goals scored; 4) head-to-head result.
}}

{{football box collapsible
| date = 29 March 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Bihar women's football team|Bihar]]
| score = 0–5
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18177
| team2 = [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* [[Salam Rinaroy Devi]] {{goal|7||40||52}}
* S Lynda Kom {{goal|45+3||90+2}}
| stadium = [[Bangalore Football Stadium]]
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = [[Salam Rinaroy Devi]] (Manipur)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 29 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Gujarat women's football team|Gujarat]]
| score = 1–9
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18178
| team2 = [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
| goals1 = Khushbu Saroj {{goal|49}}
| goals2 =
* Maitreyi Palasamudram {{goal|7||9||25||39||45+2||90+1}}
* Monalisha Marandi {{goal|21}}
* Kaviya Pakkirisamy {{goal|22||45+1}}
| stadium = [[Bangalore Football Stadium]]
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Maitreyi Palasamudram (Karnataka)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 31 March 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Bihar women's football team|Bihar]]
| score = 0–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18180
| team2 = [[Gujarat women's football team|Gujarat]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = Khushbu Saroj {{goal|40||50||66}}
| stadium = [[Bangalore Football Stadium]]
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Khushbu Saroj (Gujarat)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 31 March 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Assam women's football team|Assam]]
| score = 1–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18179
| team2 = [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
| goals1 =
* Yangoijam Kiranbala Chanu {{goal|87}}
| goals2 =
* Maitreyi Palasamudram {{goal|9}}
* Sonia Marak {{goal|13}}
* Sanjita Niroula {{goal|48}}
| stadium = [[Bangalore Football Stadium]]
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Aruna Bag (Karnataka)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 2 April 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
| score = 6–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18181
| team2 = [[Gujarat women's football team|Gujarat]]
| goals1 =
* [[Irom Prameshwori Devi]] {{goal|29}}
* [[Moirangthem Mandakini Devi]] {{goal|34||45+3||65}}
* Kangabam Anita Devi {{goal|43}}
* S Lynda Kom {{goal|51}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Bangalore Football Stadium]]
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = [[Moirangthem Mandakini Devi]] (Manipur)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 2 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Assam women's football team|Assam]]
| score = 9–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18182
| team2 = [[Bihar women's football team|Bihar]]
| goals1 =
* Yangoijam Kiranbala Chanu {{goal|9||78}}
* Yumkhaibam Hemolata Devi {{goal|34}}
* Thingbaijam Babysana Devi {{goal|39||90+2}}
* Maibam Promila Devi {{goal|48||77}}
* Ningthoujam Roni Devi {{goal|67||90}}
| goals2 = Nisha Kumari {{goal|73}}
| stadium = [[Bangalore Football Stadium]]
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Ningthoujam Roni Devi (Assam)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 4 April 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
| score = 3–2
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18184
| team2 = [[Assam women's football team|Assam]]
| goals1 =
* [[Moirangthem Mandakini Devi]] {{goal|15}}
* [[Salam Rinaroy Devi]] {{goal|61}}
* S Lynda Kom {{goal|89}}
| goals2 =
* Ningthoujam Roni Devi {{goal|30}}
* Yumkhaibam Hemolata Devi {{goal|36}}
| stadium = [[Bangalore Football Stadium]]
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = S Lynda Kom (Manipur)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 4 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
| score = 8–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18183
| team2 = [[Bihar women's football team|Bihar]]
| goals1 =
* Kaviya Pakkirisamy {{goal|27||51||58}}
* Tara Anand {{goal|28}}
* Maitreyi Palasamudram {{goal|42}}
* Aruna Bag {{goal|45+3}}
* Sonia Marak {{goal|49||64}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Bangalore Football Stadium]]
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Kaviya Pakkirisamy (Karnataka)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 6 April 2023
| time = 08:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Gujarat women's football team|Gujarat]]
| score = 2–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18185
| team2 = [[Assam women's football team|Assam]]
| goals1 = Khushbu Saroj {{goal|60||90+1}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Bangalore Football Stadium]]
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Anjanaben Bhuraji Thakor (Gujarat)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 6 April 2023
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
| score = 2–4
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/18186
| team2 = [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
| goals1 =
* Kaviya Pakkirisamy {{goal|32}}
* Aruna Bag {{goal|44}}
| goals2 =
* [[Moirangthem Mandakini Devi]] {{goal|5}}
* [[Heigrujam Daya Devi]] {{goal|48||49}}
* S Lynda Kom {{goal|83}}
| stadium = [[Bangalore Football Stadium]]
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = [[Heigrujam Daya Devi]] (Manipur)
}}

==Final Round==
Final Round will have a total of 12 teams - six group winners, four best runners-up, hosts Punjab and the Railways, who have been given direct entry. The 12 teams will be divided into two groups of six each. The top two teams from each group will qualify for the semi-finals.<ref>{{cite news |date=15 April 2023 |title=Twelve teams to battle for the Hero Senior Women's NFC crown in Punjab |agency=AIFF |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/twelve-teams-to-battle-for-the-hero-senior-womens-nfc-crown-in-punjab |accessdate=16 April 2023}}</ref>

===Qualified teams===
* [[Railways women's football team|Railways]] (Automatic qualification)
* [[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]] (Hosts)
* [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]] (Group I winners)
* [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]] (Group II winners)
* [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]] (Group III winners)
* [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]] (Group IV winners)
* [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]] (Group V winners)
* [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]] (Group VI winners)
* [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]] (Group II runners-up)
* [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]] (Group III runners-up)
* [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]] (Group V runners-up)
* [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]] (Group VI runners-up)

===Group A===
<onlyinclude>
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL
|source=[https://www.the-aiff.com/competitions/senior-women-nfc AIFF]
|update=complete


|team1=TN
|team2=OD
|team3=JH
|team4=CH
|team5=KN
|team6=PJ
|result1=C |result2=C


|name_CH= [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
|name_JH= [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
|name_KN= [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
|name_OD= [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
|name_PJ= [[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]]
|name_TN= [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]


|show_limit=5
|class_rules=1) points; 2) head-to-head points; 3) head-to-head goal difference; 4) head-to-head goals scored; 5) goal difference; 6) number of goals scored; 7) fair play ranking; 8) drawing of lots

|win_CH=1 |draw_CH=1 |loss_CH=3 |gf_CH=2 |ga_CH=7
|win_JH=1 |draw_JH=1 |loss_JH=3 |gf_JH=4 |ga_JH=7
|win_KN=1 |draw_KN=1 |loss_KN=3 |gf_KN=3 |ga_KN=13
|win_OD=4 |draw_OD= |loss_OD=1 |gf_OD=13 |ga_OD=3
|win_PJ= |draw_PJ=3 |loss_PJ=2 |gf_PJ=2 |ga_PJ=11 |status_PJ=H
|win_TN=5 |draw_TN= |loss_TN= |gf_TN=17 |ga_TN=


|res_col_header=Q
|col_C=green1 |text_C=Advance to [[2022–23 Rajmata Jijabai Trophy#Knockout stage|Knockout Stage]]
}}</onlyinclude>

{{football box collapsible
| date = 14 June 2023
| time = 07:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| score = 2–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19199
| team2 = [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
| goals1 =
* [[Pyari Xaxa]] {{goal|7}}
* Karishma Oram {{goal|65}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance = 100
| referee = Pooja S
| potm = Karishma Oram (Odisha)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 14 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
| score = 0–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19200
| team2 = [[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance = 150
| referee = Ranjita Devi Tekcham
| potm = Priyanka (Punjab)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 14 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
| score = 4–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19229
| team2 = [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
| goals1 =
* [[Indumathi Kathiresan]] {{goal|45+3}}
* [[Sandhiya Ranganathan]] {{goal|49||79}}
* Yuvarani R {{goal|60}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = [[Sandhiya Ranganathan]] (Tamil Nadu)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 17 June 2023
| time = 07:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]]
| score = 1–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19260
| team2 = [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
| goals1 =
* Neha Mann {{goal|48}}
| goals2 =
* Maitreyi Palasamudram {{goal|56}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Aiswarya A (Karnataka)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 17 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
| score = 3–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19261
| team2 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| goals1 =
* [[Sandhiya Ranganathan]] {{goal|22}}
* [[Indumathi Kathiresan]] {{goal|39||75}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = [[Indumathi Kathiresan]] (Tamil Nadu)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 17 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
| score = 1–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19262
| team2 = [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
| goals1 =
* Yati Mehta {{goal|83}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Nitu Linda (Jharkhand)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 19 June 2023
| time = 07:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
| score = 2–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19263
| team2 = [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
| goals1 =
* Sunalinda Lawren {{goal|58}}
* Aarushi Santhosh {{goal|78}}
| goals2 =
* Santosh {{goal|88}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Sunalinda Lawren (Karnataka)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 19 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
| score = 0–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19264
| team2 = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Priyadharshini S {{goal|14||32}}
* Malavika M {{goal|19}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Priyadharshini S (Tamil Nadu)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 19 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]]
| score = 0–5
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19265
| team2 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Jasoda Munda {{goal|12}}
* Satyabati Khadia {{goal|36||68}}
* Subhadra Sahoo {{goal|47||75}}
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Satyabati Khadia (Odisha)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 21 June 2023
| time = 07:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| score = 4–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19266
| team2 = [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
| goals1 =
* Jasoda Munda {{goal|34||38||55}}
* Malati Munda {{goal|44}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Jasoda Munda (Odisha)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 21 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
| score = 1–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19267
| team2 = [[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]]
| goals1 = Sudha Ankita Tirkey {{goal|79}}
| goals2 = Nisha {{goal|6}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Sudha Ankita Tirkey (Jharkhand)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 21 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
| score = 3–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19268
| team2 = [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
| goals1 =
* [[Indumathi Kathiresan]] {{goal|9}}
* [[Sandhiya Ranganathan]] {{goal|28}}
* Priyadharshini S {{goal|38}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Indumathi Kathiresan (Tamil Nadu)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 23 June 2023
| time = 07:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Chandigarh women's football team|Chandigarh]]
| score = 0–2
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19270
| team2 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = Satyabati Khadia {{goal|27||87}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Satyabati Khadia (Odisha)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 23 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Punjab women's football team|Punjab]]
| score = 0–4
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19271
| team2 = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* [[Indumathi Kathiresan]] {{goal|3||14||33}}
* Yuvarani R {{goal|43}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = [[Indumathi Kathiresan]] (Tamil Nadu)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 23 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Karnataka women's football team|Karnataka]]
| score = 0–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19269
| team2 = [[Jharkhand women's football team|Jharkhand]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Kusma Kispotta {{goal|7}}
* Asha Kumari {{goal|42||73}}
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance =
| referee =
| potm = Asha Kumari (Jharkhand)
}}

===Group B===
<onlyinclude>
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL
|source=[https://www.the-aiff.com/competitions/senior-women-nfc AIFF]
|update=complete


|team1=HR
|team2=RL
|team3=MN
|team4=WB
|team5=HP
|team6=MA
|result1=C |result2=C


|name_HR= [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
|name_HP= [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
|name_MA= [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
|name_MN= [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
|name_RL= [[Railways women's football team|Railways]]
|name_WB= [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]]


|show_limit=5
|class_rules=1) points; 2) head-to-head points; 3) head-to-head goal difference; 4) head-to-head goals scored; 5) goal difference; 6) number of goals scored; 7) fair play ranking; 8) drawing of lots

|win_HR=4 |draw_HR=1 |loss_HR= |gf_HR=11 |ga_HR=3
|win_HP=1 |draw_HP= |loss_HP=4 |gf_HP=4 |ga_HP=18
|win_MA= |draw_MA= |loss_MA=5 |gf_MA=2 |ga_MA=16
|win_MN=3 |draw_MN= |loss_MN=2 |gf_MN=11 |ga_MN=6
|win_RL=4 |draw_RL= |loss_RL=1 |gf_RL=15 |ga_RL=3
|win_WB=2 |draw_WB=1 |loss_WB=2 |gf_WB=13 |ga_WB=10


|res_col_header=Q
|col_C=green1 |text_C=Advance to [[2022–23 Rajmata Jijabai Trophy#Knockout stage|Knockout Stage]]
}}</onlyinclude>

{{football box collapsible
| date = 16 June 2023
| time = 07:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
| score = 1–3
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19214
| team2 = [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
| goals1 =
* Arya More {{goal|34}}
| goals2 =
* [[Grace Dangmei]] {{goal|24}}
* [[Heigrujam Daya Devi]] {{goal|47||54}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Usha
| potm = [[Heigrujam Daya Devi]] (Manipur)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 16 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Railways women's football team|Railways]]
| score = 1–2
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19215
| team2 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| goals1 =
* [[Anju Tamang]] {{goal|80}}
| goals2 =
* Santosh {{goal|35}}
* Tannu {{goal|49}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = G Ruba Devi
| potm = Santosh (Haryana)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 16 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
| score = 0–4
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19216
| team2 = [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* Barnali Karar {{goal|20}}
* Rimpa Haldar {{goal|47||66}}
* Mousumi Murmu {{goal|54}}
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance = 0
| referee = Neetu Rana
| potm = Rimpa Haldar (West Bengal)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 18 June 2023
| time = 07:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
| score = 3–2
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19272
| team2 = [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]]
| goals1 =
* [[Bala Devi]] {{goal|17}}
* Lynda Kom {{goal|40||52}}
| goals2 =
* Mousumi Murmu {{goal|44}}
* [[Sangita Basfore]] {{goal|71}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Kumari Nandita
| potm = Lynda Kom (Manipur)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 18 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
| score = 1–7
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19273
| team2 = [[Railways women's football team|Railways]]
| goals1 =
* Manisha {{goal|40}}
| goals2 =
* Mamta {{goal|38||50}}
* [[Yumnam Kamala Devi]] {{goal|47||62}}
* [[Anju Tamang]] {{goal|67}}
* Diparnita Dey {{goal|72}}
* [[Jabamani Tudu]] {{goal|73}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = G Ruba Devi
| potm = [[Yumnam Kamala Devi]] (Railways)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 18 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
| score = 0–4
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19274
| team2 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
* [[Renu Rani]] {{goal|34||48}}
* Santosh {{goal|86}}
* [[Ritu Rani (footballer)|Ritu Rani]] {{goal|90+3}}
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Pooja S
| potm = [[Renu Rani]] (Haryana)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 20 June 2023
| time = 07:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]]
| score = 5–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19275
| team2 = [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
| goals1 =
* [[Sangita Basfore]] {{goal|33}}
* Rimpa Haldar {{goal|45+1}}
* Ratna Haldar {{goal|71}}
* Dular Marandi {{goal|74||81}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Harsha Saini
| potm = [[Sangita Basfore]] (West Bengal)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 20 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| score = 1–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19276
| team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
| goals1 = Aarti {{goal|70}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Sen Hangma Subba
| potm = Aarti (Haryana)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 20 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
| score = 0–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19277
| team2 = [[Railways women's football team|Railways]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = [[Manisa Panna]] {{goal|39}}
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance = 200
| referee = Kumari Nandita
| potm = [[Supriya Routray]] (Railways)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 22 June 2023
| time = 07:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Railways women's football team|Railways]]
| score = 5–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19278
| team2 = [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]]
| goals1 =
* [[Yumnam Kamala Devi]] {{goal|27||50}}
* [[Anju Tamang]] {{goal|29||44}}
* Mamta {{goal|41}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = G Ruba Devi
| potm = [[Anju Tamang]] (Railways)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 22 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| score = 2–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19279
| team2 = [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
| goals1 =
* Mona {{goal|13}}
* [[Renu Rani]] {{goal|19}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Usha
| potm = [[Renu Rani]] (Haryana)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 22 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
| score = 3–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19280
| team2 = [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
| goals1 =
* Anju {{goal|17||21}}
* Poonam {{goal|53}}
| goals2 = Arya More {{goal|43}}
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance = 70
| referee = Harsha Saini
| potm = Anju (Himachal Pradesh)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 24 June 2023
| time = 07:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Maharashtra women's football team|Maharashtra]]
| score = 0–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19282
| team2 = [[Railways women's football team|Railways]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = [[Yumnam Kamala Devi]] {{goal|85}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Pooja S
| potm = [[Yumnam Kamala Devi]] (Railways)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 24 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal]]
| score = 2–2
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19281
| team2 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| goals1 =
* Dular Marandi {{goal|23}}
* Mousumi Murmu {{goal|58}}
| goals2 =
* [[Ritu Rani (footballer)|Ritu Rani]] {{goal|44}}
* Tannu {{goal|80}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Kumari Nandita
| potm = Mousumi Murmu (West Bengal)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 24 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
| score = 5–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19283
| team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh women's football team|Himachal Pradesh]]
| goals1 =
* Oinam Babita Devi {{goal|8}}
* Yumlembam Pakpi Devi {{goal|35}}
* [[Irom Prameshwori Devi]] {{goal|39}}
* Oinam Babita Devi {{goal|60}}
* Maibam Nandeshwori Devi {{goal|66}}
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance = 0
| referee = Monika Jana
| potm = Oinam Babita Devi (Manipur)
}}

==Knockout stage==
===Bracket===
{{4TeamBracket
| nowrap = y
| seeds = no

| RD1 = [[#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]]
| RD2 = [[#Final|Final]]

| RD1-team1 = '''[[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]'''
| RD1-score1 = '''3'''
| RD1-team2 = [[Railways women's football team|Railways]]
| RD1-score2 = 1

| RD1-team3 = '''[[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]] {{pso}}'''
| RD1-score3 = '''1 (2)'''
| RD1-team4 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| RD1-score4 = 1 (0)

| RD2-team1 = '''[[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]'''
| RD2-score1 = '''2'''
| RD2-team2 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| RD2-score2 = 1
}}

===Semi-finals===
{{football box collapsible
| date = 26 June 2023
| time = 09:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
| score = 3–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19313
| team2 = [[Railways women's football team|Railways]]
| goals1 =
*Priyadharshini S {{goal|3}}
*[[Supriya Routray]] {{goal|47|o.g.}}
*[[Indumathi Kathiresan]] {{goal|53}}
| goals2 =
* Diparnita Dey {{goal|90+3}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Usha
| potm = Priyadharshini S (Tamil Nadu)
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 26 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| score = 1–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19314
| team2 = [[Odisha women's football team|Odisha]]
| goals1 = [[Ritu Rani (footballer)|Ritu Rani]] {{goal|36}}
| goals2 = Jasoda Munda {{goal|65}}
| stadium = GNDU Sports Complex
| location = [[Amritsar]]
| attendance = 100
| referee = Pooja S
| penaltyscore = 2–0
| penalties1 = Santosh {{pengoal}} [[Renu Rani]] {{pengoal}} Sharda {{penmiss}}
| penalties2 = {{penmiss}} [[Juli Kishan]] {{penmiss}} Satyabati Khadia {{penmiss}} Jasoda Munda {{penmiss}} Malati Munda
| potm = Shreya Hooda (Haryana)
}}

===Final===
{{football box collapsible
| date = 28 June 2023
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
| score = 2–1
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/19315
| team2 = [[Haryana women's football team|Haryana]]
| goals1 =
*Priyadharshini S {{goal|57}}
*[[Indumathi Kathiresan]] {{goal|83|pen.}}
| goals2 =
*Dhurga P {{goal|50|o.g.}}
| stadium = [[Guru Nanak Stadium]]
| location = [[Ludhiana]]
| attendance = 500
| referee = Monika Jana
| potm = Priyadharshini S (Tamil Nadu)
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Rajmata Jijabai Trophy}}
{{2022–23 in Indian football}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2022-23 Senior Women's National Football Championship}}
[[Category:Rajmata Jijabai Trophy]]
[[Category:2022–23 in Indian women's football|Senior National Football Championship]]

Ramu Ramanathan

2025-10-16T16:02:36Z

Vijaysakumedia: done

{{BLP sources|date=September 2023}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Ramu Ramanathan
| image = Ramu Ramanathan of Print Week India at Haymarket office in Mumbai.jpg
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1967|12|29}}
| birth_place = [[Calcutta]] (now [[Kolkata]]), [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| education = Bachelor of Science, Chemistry, [[University of Mumbai]], 1988
| spouse = Kinnari Vohra
| website = {{URL|placesotherthanthis.blogspot.com}}
}}

'''Ramakrishnan Ramanathan''', known as '''Ramu Ramanathan''', is an Indian playwright and director. His plays include ''Mahadevbhai, Cotton 56, Polyester 84'', ''Jazz'', ''Comrade Kumbhakarna'', and ''Postcards From Bardoli''.

Besides playwriting, Ramanathan is the editor of ''PrintWeek'' and ''WhatPackaging?'' magazines. He has been associated with the print industry for 30 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Author - Ramakrishnan Ramanathan |url=https://kalnet.kshec.kerala.gov.in/vufind/Author/Home?author=Ramu+Ramanathan |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=kalnet.kshec.kerala.gov.in |language=en}}</ref>

He is the author of three books. ''3, Sakina Manzil And Other Plays,'' a collection of eight plays and two collections of poems, ''My Encounters with a Peacock'' and ''To Sit on A Stone - And Other Shorts.''<ref>{{Cite web |title=RAMU RAMANATHAN |url=https://jaipurliteraturefestival.org/speaker/ramu-ramanathan |website=Jaipurliteraturefestival.org |date=17 September 2013}}</ref>

His book ''3, Sakina Manzil And Other Plays'',<ref>{{cite web |date=25 June 2012 |title=Playing with Words |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/playing-with-words-2/}}</ref> is published by [[Orient Blackswan]] in collaboration with the [[English and Foreign Languages University]].<ref name="3, Sakina Manzil and Other Plays">{{Cite web|url=http://orientblackswan.com/BookDescription?isbn=978-81-250-4511-3&t=e|title=Orient Blackswan Pvt.Ltd.|website=orientblackswan.com}}</ref>

== Publications ==
* ''Combat, published by [[National School of Drama]] (2003)''
* ''Collaborators And Mahadevbhai, [[Sahitya Akademi]] (2006)''
* ''Tathasthu ("So Be It"), in The Little Magazine (2010)''
* ''Mahadevbhai (in Marathi), [[Popular Prakashan]] (2011)''
* ''3 Sakina Manzil and Other Plays (in English), [[Orient Blackswan]] (2012) - An anthology of eight plays: Shanti, Shanti It’s A War; The Boy Who Stopped Smiling; Curfew; Mahadevbhai (1892–1942); Collaborators; 3, Sakina Manzil; Shakespeare And She; Jazz.''
* ''Book Binding with Adhesives along with Tony Clark and P Sajith''
* ''My Encounters With a Peacock, Red River (2017)''
*''Babri Masjid, 25 Years .. along with Irfan Engineer and Sameena Dalwai (Gyan Prakashan) (2017)''
*''To Sit on A Stone - And Other Shorts, Red River (2020)''
*''Mumbai Murmurings: 213* Tiny Tales of Theatre (Manipal Universal Press) (2023)''
*''Two plays: Cotton 56, Polyester 84 and Comrade Kumbhakarna, Red River (2023)''

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Ramu Ramanathan}}

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRp8RZXVAjI The Eleventh Dr. Ashok Da Ranade Memorial Lecture: 8 ½ Reasons Why We Need Playwrights Today]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hwOw-NsVmCY Mumbai Local with Ramu Ramanathan: Voices of Dissent]

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjGyPbnkHfA Ramu Ramanathan: My favourite poets from Krakow][https://gaana.com/song/ep-13-vijay-tendulkar-biography-by-ramu-ramanathan-part-1 Vijay Tendulkar Biography by Ramu Ramanathan (Part 1)]

[https://gaana.com/song/ep-14-vijay-tendulkar-biography-by-ramu-ramanathan-part-2 Vijay Tendulkar Biography by Ramu Ramanathan (Part 2)]

[https://www.instagram.com/p/CW3JxaThoWc/ Ramu Ramanathan speaks to the translators of the books: Delhi and Anticlock - Fathima EV, Nandakumar K and Ministhy S]

{{more categories |date=June 2024}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ramanathan, Ramu}}
[[Category:1967 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Writers from Kolkata]]
[[Category:Writers from Mumbai]]
[[Category:English-language Indian writers]]
[[Category:Indian magazine editors]]
[[Category:Indian male dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:Indian theatre directors]]

New Reserve Ward

2025-10-11T12:53:44Z

Vijaysakumedia: article

{{one source|date=February 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement

| name = New Reserve Ward
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[Ward (electoral subdivision)|Ward]] under [[Kohima]]
| established_title = Incorporated
| established_date =
| image_skyline =
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map =
| mapsize =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Nagaland
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Nagaland, India
| coordinates = {{coord|25.643185|N|94.110834|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Nagaland]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of urban centres in Nagaland|City]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kohima]]
| parts_type =
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| government_type =
| leader_title = Chairman
| leader_name =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_density_km2 =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| footnotes =
}}

'''New Reserve Ward''' is a ward located under [[Nagaland]]'s capital city, [[Kohima]]. The ward falls under the designated Ward No. 15 of the [[Kohima Municipal Council]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kmc.nagaland.gov.in/map.html|title=Map of Kohima/ wards and colonies|publisher=[[Kohima Municipal Council]]|access-date=1 December 2021|archive-date=28 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728210828/https://kmc.nagaland.gov.in/map.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Municipal Wards of Kohima]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://kmc.nagaland.gov.in/map16.html Map of Kohima Ward No. 15]

[[Category:Kohima]]
[[Category:Wards of Kohima]]

{{India-geo-stub}}

List of Kerala Blasters FC coaches

2025-10-09T12:39:28Z

Vijaysakumedia:

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2019}}
[[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters Football Club]] is an Indian professional football club based in [[Kochi]], [[Kerala]]. The club was established on 27 May 2014 and competes in the [[Indian Super League]], the top division league of Indian football. They play their home matches at the [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]] in Kochi with the highest average attendance in Indian football every season. The club's latest coach was [[Mikael Stahre]] until his departure from the club on 16 December 2024.

==Managerial history==
[[File:DaJa.JPG|thumb|195x195px|[[David James (footballer, born 1970)|David James]] is the first manager and marquee player of the club]]
After the departure of [[Mikael Stahre]] in December 2024, the reserve team Head Coach and head of youth development, Tomasz Tchórz, along with assistant coach [[T. G. Purushothaman|TG Purushothaman]] manages the team until a new head is appointed. The club's longest-serving manager, in terms of both length of tenure and number of games was [[Ivan Vukomanović]], who departed the club on 26 April 2024 after three seasons in the ISL.

===2014 season===

{{main|2014 Kerala Blasters FC season}}
On 13 August 2014, former [[England national football team|England]] international goalkeeper, [[David James (footballer, born 1970)|David James]], was announced as the first head coach of the [[Kerala Blasters|Blasters]] and the first marquee player in team history, thus coming in as a player-head coach.<ref>{{Cite web|date=August 20, 2014|first=Marcus|last=Mergulhao|title=David James set to have a blast with Sachin Tendulkar in ISL |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/interviews/David-James-set-to-have-a-blast-with-Sachin-Tendulkar-in-ISL/articleshow/40469918.cms|access-date=2020-10-07|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> The [[Kerala Blasters|Blasters]] finished at 4th position and qualified for semifinal. The Blasters won the first leg at home 3–0. During the second leg in [[Chennai]], the [[Kerala Blasters|Blasters]] suffered a massive scare. Despite entering the second leg with the three goal advantage, Chennaiyin managed to draw the tie level by winning in regular time 3–0 themselves. However, in extra-time, the [[Kerala Blasters|Blasters]] managed to strike back and score the decisive goal in the 117th minute from [[Stephen Pearson]] to win the tie 4–3 and thus enter the [[2014 Indian Super League final|final]].

In the final, the Blasters took on [[Atlético de Kolkata]] at the [[DY Patil Stadium]] in [[Mumbai]]. Despite holding on for ninety minutes, it was Atlético de Kolkata that came out on top with a [[Mohammed Rafique (footballer)|Mohammed Rafique]] goal in the 95th minute earning the Kolkata side the title with a 1–0 victory.<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 20, 2014|title=ISL: Atletico de Kolkata beat Kerala Blasters 1-0 to win title |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/top-stories/ISL-Atletico-de-Kolkata-beat-Kerala-Blasters-1-0-to-win-title/articleshow/45588313.cms|access-date=2020-10-07|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

===2015 season===
{{main|2015 Kerala Blasters FC season}}
After the [[2014 Kerala Blasters FC season|2014 season]], it was announced that [[David James (footballer, born 1970)|David James]] would not return to the club as head coach and marquee player. On 12 May 2015 it was announced that former [[England national under-20 football team|England U20]] head coach [[Peter Taylor (footballer, born 1953)|Peter Taylor]] would take over as the [[Kerala Blasters|Blasters]] head coach.<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 8, 2015|title=Kerala Blasters appoint Peter Taylor as marquee manager|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/top-stories/Kerala-Blasters-appoint-Peter-Taylor-as-marquee-manager/articleshow/47202666.cms|access-date=2020-10-07|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

The first match of the season was played at the [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]], with the Blasters hosting [[NorthEast United FC|NorthEast United]]. However, the Blasters followed that victory drawing their next match against [[Mumbai City FC|Mumbai City]] and then losing their next four matches which eventually led to the dismissal of [[Peter Taylor (footballer, born 1953)|Peter Taylor]] as head coach. Assistant coach [[Trevor Morgan (footballer)|Trevor Morgan]] was in charge for one match before [[Terry Phelan]] was named head coach for the rest of the season. Fortunes failed to change for the [[Kerala Blasters]] as the club ended their second season in last place, failing to qualify for the Indian Super League finals.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indian Super League Team Analysis: Kerala Blasters FC {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-india/news/7083/isl/2015/12/17/18446222/indian-super-league-team-analysis-kerala-blasters-fc|access-date=2020-10-07|website=www.goal.com}}</ref>

===2016 season===
{{main|2016 Kerala Blasters FC season}}
[[File:Steve coppell 2006 promotion celebration cropped.JPG|thumb|195x195px|[[Steve Coppell]] is one of the most popular head coach of the Blasters]]
On 21 June 2016 [[Kerala Blasters|Blasters]] announced the signing of former [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]] manager [[Steve Coppell]] as their head coach.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-06-22|title=Kerala Blasters announce Steve Coppell as manager for ISL 2016 |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/kerala-blasters-announce-steve-coppell-as-manager-for-isl-2016-2848038.html|access-date=2020-10-07|website=Firstpost}}</ref> After the first month of the season, the [[Kerala Blasters|Blasters]] had one of the best defenses statistically in the league but struggled to find the back of the net. In the second half of the season, after the return of [[C.K. Vineeth]] from loan with [[Bengaluru FC]], the Blasters managed to surge their way into the [[2016 Indian Super League playoffs|finals]].

In the final, the Kerala Blasters would play host to [[Atlético de Kolkata]].The match went into a penalty shootout, Despite taking the lead early in the shootout, the [[Kerala Blasters|Blasters]] lost 4–3 and thus were defeated in their second final in three seasons.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-12-18|title=Atletico de Kolkata beat Kerala Blasters 4-3 on penalties to win ISL 2016|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/football/isl-2016-final-live-football-score-kerala-blasters-fc-face-atletico-de-kolkata/story-VSlBMvCYDkYfRkV5ECZOgK.html|access-date=2020-10-07|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>

===2017–18 season===
{{main|2017–18 Kerala Blasters FC season}}

On 14 July 2017, [[René Meulensteen]] was appointed as head coach of [[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indian Super League: Kerala Blasters appoint former Man United coach Rene Meulensteen as head coach {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-tza/news/indian-super-league-kerala-blasters-appoint-former-man/1adnw0mbauw5b1h7y8e9xma7aa|access-date=2020-10-07|website=www.goal.com}}</ref> [[Dimitar Berbatov]] signed with [[Kerala Blasters|Blasters]] on 23 August 2017 on a one-year deal for a salary of ₹7.5 crore (approximately £900,000). On 2 January 2018, [[René Meulensteen]] step back from head coach position due to personal issues. [[David James (footballer, born 1970)|David James]] was signed on 3 January 2018, for the rest of the season. [[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters]] finished at 6th position on the table and did not qualify for playoffs.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 3, 2018|first=Narayanan|last=S.|title=Kerala Blasters: David James returns as Kerala Blasters head coach |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/top-stories/david-james-returns-as-kerala-blasters-head-coach/articleshow/62353633.cms|access-date=2020-10-07|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

===2018–19 season===
{{main|2018–19 Kerala Blasters FC season}}

[[Kerala Blasters|Blasters]] signed a three-and-a-half-year agreement with [[David James (footballer, born 1970)|David James]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-05|title=ISL 2017-18: Kerala Blasters extend manager David James' contract till 2021 |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/isl-2017-18-kerala-blasters-extend-manager-david-james-contract-till-2021-4376267.html|access-date=2020-10-07|website=Firstpost}}</ref> But was sacked due to poor performance, discontinued from 18 December 2018. Former [[North East United FC|NEUFC]] head coach [[Nelo Vingada]] was signed for the rest of the season. The Blasters finished at 9th position on the table with only 2 wins from 18 games and did not qualify for playoffs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerala Blasters and David James - a 'three-year' project that went nowhere {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/isl-kerala-blasters-david-james-india/rre8ceb8k43h1p6chvg2hsvo9|access-date=2020-10-07|website=www.goal.com}}</ref>

===2019–20 season===
{{main|2019–20 Kerala Blasters FC season}}

Blasters brought in [[Netherlands|Dutchman]] [[Eelco Schattorie]] as their new manager with a long term. Having previously coached other Indian clubs like [[East Bengal]], [[United S.C.|United S.C]] and [[Northeast United FC|Northeast United]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerala Blasters appoint Eelco Schattorie as head coach|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2019/05/19/kerala-blasters-appoint-eelco-schattorie-head-coach.html|access-date=2020-10-07|website=OnManorama|language=en}}</ref> Blasters started the season with a win against [[ATK (football club)|ATK FC]] at home but then had a 9 winless run and inconsistent performance along with injury issues. At the end, the Blasters finished the season at 7th position with only 4 wins in 18 matches.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-20|title=ISL 2019-20 Season Review: Kerala Blasters|url=https://khelnow.com/football/isl-2019-20-season-review-kerala-blasters/|access-date=2020-10-07|website=Khel Now|language=en-US|archive-date=23 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123134404/https://khelnow.com/football/isl-2019-20-season-review-kerala-blasters|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===2020–21 season===
{{main|2020–21 Kerala Blasters FC season}}
On 2020 April, the Blasters announced that [[Kibu Vicuña]] has been appointed as their manager for the [[2020–21 Kerala Blasters FC season|2020-21]] season.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-23|title=ISL 2020 Kerala Blasters Sign Mohun Bagan's I League Winning Head Coach Kibu Vicuna {{!}} The Fan Garage (TFG)|url=https://thefangarage.com/articles/17457-isl-2020--kerala-blasters-sign-mohun-bagans-i-league-winning-head-coach-kibu-vicuna|access-date=2020-09-04|website=thefangarage.com}}</ref> After 18 games under Kibu, the Blasters only had 16 points losing which eventually led to the dismissal of [[Kibu Vicuña|Kibu vicuna]] as head coach. Assistant coach [[Ishfaq Ahmed]] was in charge for the last two matches of the season. They finished in 10th place in the table.<ref>{{Cite web|title=''NorthEast United defended really well'' - Kerala Blasters interim boss Ishfaq Ahmed credits high-flying Highlanders {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/ishfaq-ahmed-kerala-blasters-credit-to-northeast-united/1p1nykk8cw1r61bnr402z73u58|access-date=2021-03-14|website=www.goal.com}}</ref>

===2021–22 season===
{{main|2021–22 Kerala Blasters FC season}}
On 17 June 2021, [[Ivan Vukomanović]] was appointed as the head coach of Kerala Blasters.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sportstar|first=Team|title=ISL: Kerala Blasters appoints Ivan Vukomanovic as head coach|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/isl-news/kerala-blasters-appoints-ivan-vukomanovic-head-coach-indian-football-news-isl-2021/article34737554.ece|access-date=2021-06-17|website=Sportstar|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerala Blasters get new head coach as Serbian Ivan Vukomanovic takes up hot seat|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/indian-super-league/2021/jun/17/kerala-blasters-get-new-head-coach-as-serbian-ivan-vukomanovic-takes-up-hot-seat-2317707.html|access-date=2021-12-23|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> Under Vukomanović, on 11 September 2021, Kerala Blasters won their first game of the season in the [[2021 Durand Cup]] match against [[Indian Navy (football team)|Indian Navy]] with a score of 0–3 at full-time.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-11|title=Durand Cup 2021: Adrian Luna Penalty Ensures Maiden Win for Kerala Blasters on Debut against Indian Navy|url=https://www.news18.com/news/football/durand-cup-2021-adrian-luna-penalty-ensures-maiden-win-for-kerala-blasters-on-debut-against-indian-navy-4192757.html|access-date=2021-12-22|website=News18|language=en}}</ref> Vukomanović's first Indian Super League match as the Blasters' manager ended in 4–2 defeat against [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|ATK Mohun Bagan]] on 19 November.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indian Super League: ATK Mohun Bagan begin with a bang, beat Kerala Blasters 4-2|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/football/indian-super-league-atk-mohun-bagan-begin-with-a-bang-beat-kerala-blasters-4-2/cid/1839722|access-date=2021-12-23|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=India com Sports|title=ISL: Hugo Boumous Stars in ATK Mohun Bagan 4-2 Win Over Kerala Blasters in Season Opener|url=https://www.india.com/sports/isl-hugo-boumous-stars-in-atk-mohun-bagan-4-2-win-over-kerala-blasters-in-season-opener-5102717/|access-date=2021-12-23|website=www.india.com|language=en}}</ref> The following two games saw Blasters drawing against [[NorthEast United FC]] and [[Bengaluru FC]] respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ISL 2021-22: Kerala Blasters beat Odisha FC 2-1|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/sports/football/isl-2021-22-kerala-blasters-beat-odisha-fc-2-1-1.6242491|access-date=2021-12-23|website=Mathrubhumi|language=en}}</ref> It was on 5 December that Vukomanović's Blasters side saw their first league win as they defeated [[Odisha FC]] by 2–1.<ref>{{Cite web|title=We have to stay humble and continue to work hard: Ivan Vukomanovic|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/news/we-have-to-stay-humble-and-continue-to-work-hard-ivan-vukomanovic|access-date=2021-12-23|website=Indian Super League|language=en}}</ref> This victory was Kerala Blasters' first Indian Super League victory in 11 months.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-05|title=Kerala Blasters record first win, beat Odisha FC 2-1|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/kerala-blasters-record-first-win-beat-odisha-fc-2-1-7657795/|access-date=2021-12-23|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> The Blasters' winning streak continued as they won back-to-back games against defending champions [[Mumbai City FC|Mumbai City]] FC, and against [[South Indian Derby#Chennaiyin FC v Kerala Blasters FC|rivals]] [[Chennaiyin FC]], and thereby entering the top four in the table.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kumar|first=P. K. Ajith|title=ISL 2021-22: Diaz, Sahal and Luna goals guide Kerala Blasters to 3-0 win against Chennaiyin FC|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/2021-2022/news/isl-2021-22-kerala-blasters-beat-chennaiyin-fc-3-0-cfc-kbfc-indian-super-league/article38007548.ece|access-date=2021-12-23|website=Sportstar|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-22|title=ISL 2021-22: Kerala Blasters sweep aside Chennaiyin FC 3-0 to cruise into top-four|url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/isl-2021-22-kerala-blasters-sweep-aside-chennaiyin-fc-3-0-to-cruise-into-top-four-10230011.html|access-date=2021-12-23|website=Firstpost|language=en}}</ref> The Blasters extended their unbeaten steak under Vukomanović to ten, when they won back-to-back games against [[Hyderabad FC]] on 9 January 2022, and against Odisha three days later,<ref>{{Cite web|title=ISL 2021-22: Kerala Blasters end Hyderabad FC's unbeaten run to move top of the table|url=https://olympics.com/en/news/isl-2021-22-kerala-blasters-vs-hyderabad-fc-match-result-score|access-date=2022-01-09|website=Olympics.com}}</ref> which helped the Blasters to move to the first spot in table after a long time of 7 years during the middle of the season.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Adwaidh Rajan|date=Jan 10, 2022 |title=Ivan Vukomanovic's Kerala Blasters worth the long wait for fans {{!}} Football News |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/top-stories/ivan-vukomanovics-kerala-blasters-worth-the-long-wait-for-fans/articleshow/88816826.cms |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ISL 2021-22: Kerala Blasters FC do the double over Odisha FC to reclaim summit|url=https://olympics.com/en/news/isl-2021-22-odisha-fc-vs-kerala-blasters-match-result-score|access-date=2022-01-12|website=Olympics.com}}</ref> The Blasters unbeaten streak of ten match under Vukomanović ended with their 0–1 defeat over the [[South Indian Derby|arch-rivals]] Bengaluru on 30 January 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-30|title=ISL 2021-22: Roshan Naorem Stunner Ends Kerala Blasters' Unbeaten Run as Bengaluru FC Continue Streak|url=https://www.news18.com/news/sports/isl-2021-22-roshan-naorem-stunner-ends-kerala-blasters-unbeaten-run-as-bengaluru-fc-continue-streak-4715444.html|access-date=2022-01-30|website=News18|language=en}}</ref> On 5 March, Blasters side qualified for the playoffs for the first time since 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhattacharjee |first=Neeladri |title=ISL 2021-22: Hyderabad eliminates Mumbai City with 2-1 win to guide Kerala Blasters into semifinals |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/2021-2022/news/isl-2021-22-hyderabad-defeats-mumbai-2-1-kerala-blasters-semis-indian-football/article38449608.ece |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=Sportstar |language=en}}</ref> With the end of the regular phase of the season, Vukomanović's Blasters side broke many club records in terms of number of wins, goals, clean-sheets, points-per-game, and achieved a positive goal difference for the first time in the club's history.<ref name="out1">{{cite tweet|number=1500434193767092226|user=IFTWC|title=Here are some of the feats achieved by Vukomanovic's Blasters this season! 💛 All these records were achieved for the first time in the club's history! 💯|author=IFTWC|date=6 March 2022|access-date=6 March 2022}}</ref> Under Vukomanović, the club qualified for the finals of the ISL for the first time in 6 years after defeating [[Jamshedpur FC|Jamshedur FC]] on an aggregate score of 2–1 from both legs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-15 |title=ISL 2021-22 Semi-final 2nd Leg Live Score and Updates, Kerala Blasters vs Jamshedpur FC: KBFC 1-1 JFC |url=https://www.news18.com/news/football/indian-super-league-2021-22-semi-final-2nd-leg-live-score-and-updates-kerala-blasters-vs-jamshedpur-fc-isl-8-kbfc-v-jfc-livenews-4877663.html |access-date=2022-03-15 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> Kerala Blasters played Hyderabad in the [[2022 Indian Super League final|final]] on 20 March, which they lost in the [[Penalty shootout|penalty shoot-out]] after the allotted extra time went goalless, as both sides ended the match 1–1 at 120 minutes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-21 |title=ISL final: Hyderabad give Kerala the blues |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/isl-final-hyderabad-gives-kerala-the-blues-7828652/ |access-date=2022-03-22 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

=== 2022–23 season ===
{{main|2022–23 Kerala Blasters FC season}}
On 4 April 2022, the Blasters renewed the contract of the head coach Ivan Vukomanović till 2025,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-04 |title=Kerala Blasters coach Ivan Vukomanovic signs extension till 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/indian-super-league/story/4633913/kerala-blasters-coach-ivan-vukomanovic-signs-extension-till-2025 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410150606/https://www.espn.com/soccer/indian-super-league/story/4633913/kerala-blasters-coach-ivan-vukomanovic-signs-extension-till-2025 |archive-date=10 April 2022 |access-date=2023-04-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> which was the first time the club has renewed the contract of a first-team head coach in its history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerala Blasters break a pattern by offering contract extension to head coach Vukomanovic |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2022/04/04/kerala-blasters-extend-contract-head-coach-ivan-vukomanovic.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404121213/https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2022/04/04/kerala-blasters-extend-contract-head-coach-ivan-vukomanovic.html |archive-date=4 April 2022 |access-date=2023-04-28 |website=OnManorama}}</ref> The Blasters played their first match of the season under the management of Vukomanović in the opening match of the [[2022–23 Indian Super League]] season on 7 October against [[East Bengal Club|East Bengal FC]], which they won 3–1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-07 |title=Kerala Blasters duo Luna, Kalyuzhnyi overcome personal struggles to shine on opening night of Indian Super League |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/kerala-blasters-beat-east-bengal-3-1-indian-super-league-8196565/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021071235/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/kerala-blasters-beat-east-bengal-3-1-indian-super-league-8196565/ |archive-date=21 October 2022 |access-date=2023-04-28 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Under Vukomanović's guidance, the Blasters went on an eight match unbeaten-streak and also achieved a five consecutive wins in the league stage for the first time in their history in this season.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Play, win, repeat: Ranking the longest winning streaks in Hero ISL history |url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/features/play-win-repeat-ranking-the-longest-winning-streaks-in-hero-isl-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202170928/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/features/play-win-repeat-ranking-the-longest-winning-streaks-in-hero-isl-history |archive-date=2 February 2023 |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Indian Super League |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Acharya |first=Shayan |date=2023-01-07 |title=ISL 2022-23: Unbeaten in eight games, Kerala Blasters visits Mumbai City FC |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/isl-mumbai-city-fc-vs-kerala-blasters-indian-super-league-202223-preview-kbfc-eight-game-unbeaten-run-mcfc/article66350855.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130175451/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/isl-mumbai-city-fc-vs-kerala-blasters-indian-super-league-202223-preview-kbfc-eight-game-unbeaten-run-mcfc/article66350855.ece |archive-date=30 January 2023 |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en}}</ref> Vukomanović's Blasters also set a new club record of most number of wins in the league stage by winning ten games out of twenty matches at the end of the season,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerala Blasters FC season review: A season with potential marred by inconsistency |url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/features/kerala-blasters-fc-season-review-a-season-with-potential-marred-by-inconsistency |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230428165829/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/features/kerala-blasters-fc-season-review-a-season-with-potential-marred-by-inconsistency |archive-date=28 April 2023 |access-date=2023-04-28 |website=Indian Super League |language=en}}</ref> and ended up 5th in the table and qualified for the [[2023 Indian Super League playoffs|playoffs]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Unnikrishnan |first=Dilip |title=ISL: Format, teams qualified and more – what you need to know about Indian Super League playoffs |url=https://scroll.in/field/1044871/isl-format-teams-qualified-and-more-what-you-need-to-know-about-indian-super-league-playoffs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230428162045/https://scroll.in/field/1044871/isl-format-teams-qualified-and-more-what-you-need-to-know-about-indian-super-league-playoffs |archive-date=28 April 2023 |access-date=2023-04-28 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US}}</ref> The Blasters met [[South Indian Derby|arch-rivals]] [[Bengaluru FC]] in the first knockout stage match in a new format for the ISL playoffs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISL: Wounded Blasters to clash with high-flying Bengaluru in first knockout match |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2023/03/02/indian-super-league-kerala-blasters-bengaluru-knockout.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308110830/https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2023/03/02/indian-super-league-kerala-blasters-bengaluru-knockout.html |archive-date=8 March 2023 |access-date=2023-04-28 |website=OnManorama}}</ref> Following a controversial [[Sunil Chhetri]]'s free-kick goal on the match that took place on 3 March 2023, Vukomanović called-off the Kerala Blasters players from the pitch and abandoned the game.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-03 |title=ISL: Kerala Blasters walk off after controversial Sunil Chhetri freekick; Bengaluru FC in semi-final |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/isl-kerala-blasters-walk-off-after-controversial-sunil-chhetri-freekick-bengaluru-fc-in-semi-final-8478235/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230304135850/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/isl-kerala-blasters-walk-off-after-controversial-sunil-chhetri-freekick-bengaluru-fc-in-semi-final-8478235/ |archive-date=4 March 2023 |access-date=2023-04-28 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Bengaluru was awarded the win, and the Blasters appealed to the federation for the match to be replayed and demanded for the match referee Crystal John to banned from refereeing.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-03-06 |title=Kerala Blasters seek replay with Bengaluru, ban on referee Crystal John |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/kerala-blasters-seek-replay-with-bengaluru-ban-on-referee-crystal-john/articleshow/98435022.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306061349/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/kerala-blasters-seek-replay-with-bengaluru-ban-on-referee-crystal-john/articleshow/98435022.cms?from=mdr |archive-date=6 March 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> As a consequence of calling-off the players and abandoning the match, Vukomanović was handed a ten-match ban by the [[All India Football Federation]]'s disciplinary committee from taking part in any AIFF held tournaments along with a fine of rupees five lakhs, and directed him to issue a public apology within a week of issuing the verdict, failing which the fine would be doubled to rupees ten lakhs.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-01 |title=AIFF suspends KBFC coach Vukomanovic for 10 matches, club gets Rs 4 crore fine, asked to issue public apology for walkout |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/aiff-suspends-kbfc-coach-vukomanovic-for-10-matches-club-gets-rs-4-crore-fine-asked-to-issue-public-apology-for-walkout/articleshow/99155581.cms |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408130714/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/aiff-suspends-kbfc-coach-vukomanovic-for-10-matches-club-gets-rs-4-crore-fine-asked-to-issue-public-apology-for-walkout/articleshow/99155581.cms |archive-date=8 April 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Vukomanović issued his apologies as per the verdict of the AIFF-DC, thereby giving an end to a dramatic ISL season.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-03 |title=Kerala Blasters offer apology, only regret from coach Ivan Vukomanovic |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/kerala-blasters-offer-apology-only-regret-from-coach-ivan-vukomanovic/articleshow/99204880.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403191043/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/kerala-blasters-offer-apology-only-regret-from-coach-ivan-vukomanovic/articleshow/99204880.cms?from=mdr |archive-date=3 April 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Following the ban of Vukomanović, the assistant coach [[Frank Dauwen]] took charge of the club and managed the club in the [[2023 Indian Super Cup]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Daily |first=Keralakaumudi |title=Blasters change coach after AIFF pressure; No Vukomanovic in super cup |url=https://keralakaumudi.com/en/news/news.php?id=1042620&u=blasters-change-coach-after-aiff-pressure-no-vukomanovic-in-super-cup |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=Keralakaumudi Daily |language=en}}</ref>

=== 2023–24 season ===
{{main|2023–24 Kerala Blasters FC season}}
Following the 10-match ban imposed on Vukomanović by the AIFF-DC as a result of the walk-out incident in the previous season, Vukomanović missed-out the entire [[2023 Durand Cup]] tournament.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-03 |title=Vukomanovic ban includes Super Cup and possibly even Durand, can start with clean slate in next ISL |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/vukomanovic-ban-includes-super-cup-and-possibly-even-durand-can-start-with-clean-slate-in-next-isl/articleshow/99222711.cms |access-date=2024-05-10 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> After being absent for the entirety of the Durand Cup, and missing out on the opening four matches of the [[2023–24 Indian Super League]] matches, Vukomanović made his return to the dug-out on 27 October 2023 against [[Odisha FC]], where he was welcomed with a tifo in the stands, as the Blasters won the match 2–1 with a comeback win.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-27 |title=ISL: Unstoppable Luna secures memorable win for Kerala Blasters on Vukomanovic's return |url=https://www.espn.com/football/story/_/id/38757153/isl-kerala-blasters-adrian-luna-odisha-ivan-vukomanovic-return |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> On 27 December, the Blasters met [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant]] away from home, and an early strike by [[Dimitrios Diamantakos]] helped the Vukomanović's men to record their first win in their history over Mohun Bagan, as well as their first win ever against a side managed by the Spaniard [[Juan Ferrando]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-27 |title=ISL 2023-24: Kerala Blasters FC Record Historic Win Against Mohun Bagan Super Giant |url=https://www.news18.com/football/isl-2023-24-kerala-blasters-fc-record-historic-win-against-mohun-bagan-super-giant-8719643.html |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> This win over Mohun Bagan also made Vukomanović the first Blasters manager to guide the team to a three consecutive clean-sheets, as well as he became the first Blasters manager to defeat all the sides in the Indian Super League.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISL: Top five wins of Kerala Blasters under Ivan Vukomanovic |url=https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-isl-kerala-blasters-ivan-vukomanovic-best-wins-202404 |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=Khel Now |language=en-us}}</ref> The Blasters would have a roller-coaster season, as the Vukomanović's side won eight out of the first twelve matches, as they ended the first half of the season as table-toppers before going into the winter-breaks.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISL: Kerala Blasters edge Mohun Bagan, top league table |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2023/12/27/isl-kerala-blasters-beat-mohun-bagan-super-giant.html |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=Onmanorama}}</ref> Coming from the winter-breaks, the Blasters played the [[2024 Indian Super Cup]] in January 2024, but was subsequently disqualified after securing just three points in three games from group stage matches.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Kerala Blasters' shocking early exit does not tell us the whole story {{!}} Kalinga Super Cup 2024 |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/kerala-blasters-shocking-early-exit-tell-us-whole-story-kalinga-super-cup-2024 |access-date=10 May 2024 |website=Sportskeeda}}</ref> Coupled with dozens of injuries at the club, along with dozens of suspensions, the Vukomanović's side had a difficult second half of the league campaign as they won only two out of the rest of the ten league matches.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-12 |title=It was a tough game for both sides: Kerala Blasters FC’s Ivan Vukomanovic |url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/news/it-was-a-tough-game-for-both-sides-kerala-blasters-fcs-ivan-vukomanovic |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=www.indiansuperleague.com |language=en}}</ref> They finished the regular season with 33 points and ended up 5th in the table,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-18 |title=ISL 2023-24 playoffs: A detailed look at Kerala Blasters FC |url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/features/isl-2023-24-playoffs-a-detailed-look-at-kerala-blasters-fc |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=www.indiansuperleague.com |language=en}}</ref> as the Blasters qualified for the league [[2024 Indian Super League playoffs|playoffs]] for the third consecutive time, an accomplishment which was unprecedented in the club's history.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2024-04-11 |title=Want to stay in positive shape and rhythm: Kerala Blasters FC’s Ivan Vukomanovic |url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/news/want-to-stay-in-positive-shape-and-rhythm-kerala-blasters-fcs-ivan-vukomanovic |access-date=2024-05-10 |website=www.indiansuperleague.com |language=en}}</ref> Vukomanović also became the first Blasters manager to take the side to the playoffs for three times in their history, as well as the first ever manager in the league to do it three seasons in a row,<ref name=":0" /> before losing out to [[Odisha FC]] in the [[2024 Indian Super League playoffs#Knockout play-offs 2|knockout play-offs]] in extra-time, marking an end to the Blasters' 2023–24 season.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-04-20 |title=Odisha FC come from behind to reach ISL semis |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/odisha-fc-come-from-behind-to-reach-isl-semis/articleshow/109453026.cms |access-date=2024-05-10 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Despite the impressive performance and the contract renewed till 2025, Vukomanović parted ways with club officially on April 2024.

=== 2024–25 season ===
{{main|2024–25 Kerala Blasters FC season}}
On May 2024, [[Mikael Stahre]] was appointed as the new head-coach for the season, with contract signed till 2026. The club started season with the Durand Cup match against [[Mumbai City FC]], winning in a huge score of 8-0, the club's highest win by far. They continued their journey in the Durand Cup and was qualified for the semi-finals, where they lost to [[Bengaluru FC]] for 1-0 and got eliminated from the tournament.

The club started its ISL journey with a home loss against [[Punjab FC]] for 2-1. After 12 matches, the club only managed to sack 3 wins, against [[Chennaiyin FC]], [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan SC]], and East Bengal FC. Due to the poor performance, the management announced departure of Mikael Stahre on 16 December 2024. The team, in the interim, is managed by the Reserve's Team management.

== List and statistics ==
{{updated|26 April 2025}}
''Only competitive matches played by first team are taken into account. [[Durand Cup|Durand cup]] matches played by the [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|reserve team]] are not taken into account''.
;Table headers
* '''P''' – The number of games managed for Kerala Blasters.
* '''W''' – The number of games won as a manager.
* '''D''' – The number of games draw as a manager.
* '''L''' – The number of games lost as a manager.
* '''GF''' – The number of goals scored under his management.
* '''GA''' – The number of goals conceded under his management.
* '''Win%''' – The total [[winning percentage]] under his management.

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center"
|+List of Kerala Blasters FC head coaches
|-
!Name!!Nationality!!From!!class="unsortable"|To!!P!!W!!D!!L!!GF!!GA!!Win%
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[David James (footballer, born 1970)|David James]]
|align=left|{{ENG}}
|align=left|13 August 2014
|align=left|20 December 2014
{{WDL|17|6|4|7|for=13|against=15}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Peter Taylor (footballer, born 1953)|Peter Taylor]]
|align=left|{{ENG}}
|align=left|12 May 2015
|align=left|28 October 2015
{{WDL|6|1|1|4|for=7|against=9}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Trevor Morgan (footballer)|Trevor Morgan]] ''(caretaker)''
|align=left|{{ENG}}
|align=left|28 October 2015
|align=left|1 November 2015
{{WDL|1|0|1|0|for=1|against=1}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Terry Phelan]]
|align=left|{{IRL}}
|align=left|1 November 2015
|align=left|20 December 2015
{{WDL|7|2|2|3|for=14|against=17}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Steve Coppell]]
|align=left|{{ENG}}
|align=left|21 June 2016
|align=left|12 July 2017
{{WDL|17|7|4|6|for=15|against=17}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[René Meulensteen]]
|align=left|{{NED}}
|align=left|14 July 2017
|align=left|2 January 2018
{{WDL|7|1|4|2|for=6|against=10}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[David James (footballer, born 1970)|David James]]
|align=left|{{ENG}}
|align=left|3 January 2018
|align=left|''18 December 2018''
{{WDL|24|6|9|9|for=26|against=22}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Nelo Vingada]] ''(interim)''
|align=left|{{POR}}
|align=left|18 January 2019
|align=left|17 March 2019
{{WDL|7|1|3|3|for=6|against=10}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Eelco Schattorie]]
|align=left|{{NED}}
|align=left|19 May 2019
|align=left|22 April 2020
{{WDL|18|4|7|7|for=29|against=33}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Kibu Vicuna]]
|align=left|{{ESP}}
|align=left|22 April 2020
|align=left|17 February 2021
{{WDL|18|3|7|8|for=22|against=33}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Ishfaq Ahmed]] ''(interim)''
|align=left|{{IND}}
|align=left|17 February 2021
|align=left|27 February 2021
{{WDL|2|0|1|1|for=1|against=3}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Ivan Vukomanović]]
|align=left|{{Flag|Serbia}}
|align=left|17 June 2021
|align=left|26 April 2024
{{WDL|76|33|14|29|for=115|against=105}}
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Frank Dauwen]] ''(stand-in)''{{efn|When [[All India Football Federation|AIFF]] imposed a 10 match ban on Ivan Vukomanović from AIFF held tournaments, assistant coach [[Frank Dauwen]] was in charge of the team for the [[2023 Indian Super Cup]].}}
|align=left|{{Flag|Belgium}}
|align=left|5 April 2023
|align=left|16 April 2023
{{WDL|3|1|1|1|for=4|against=4}}
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Mikael Stahre]]
|align=left|{{Flag|Sweden}}
|align=left|23 May 2024
|align=left| 16 December 2024
{{WDL|16|5|3|8|for=35|against=26
}}
|-
|scope="row" style="text-align:left" |[[T. G. Purushothaman]] ''(caretaker)''
|align="left" |{{IND}}
|align="left" |17 December 2024
|align="left" | 24 March 2025
{{WDL|12|5|3|4|for=14|against=13
}}
|-
|scope="row" style="text-align:left" |[[David Català|'''David Català''']]
|align="left" |{{ESP}}
|align="left" |25 March 2025
|align="left" |present
{{WDL|2|1|0|1|for=3|against=2
}}
|}
{{notelist}}

==Assistant managers==
''The following is a list of all the persons who worked as an Assistant Manager for the club.''

*{{flagicon|ENG}}[[Trevor Morgan (footballer)|Trevor Morgan]] (2014–2015)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-10-24|title=ISL: Kerala Blasters FC counting on Trevor Morgan's fan base in Bengal|url=https://zeenews.india.com/sports/football/indian-super-league-2014/isl-kerala-blasters-fc-counting-on-trevor-morgans-fan-base-in-bengal_1489188.html|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Zee News|language=en}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|SCO}}[[Jamie McAllister]] (2014)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jamie McAllister: The Indian people were superb|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/clubs/498-kerala-blasters-fc-profile/features/jamie-mcallister-the-indian-people-were-superb|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Indian Super League|language=en}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Ishfaq Ahmed]] (2015–2017), (2019–2023)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-05-23|title=Ishfaq Ahmed pens new three-year contract with Kerala Blasters|url=https://khelnow.com/football/isl-2020-21-kerala-blasters-ishfaq-ahmed-contract-extension/|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Khel Now|language=en-US}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Wally Downes]] (2016–2017)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Steve Coppell and Kerala Blasters aim for Indian Super League final berth|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/10694746/steve-coppell-and-kerala-blasters-aim-for-indian-super-league-final-berth|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Sky Sports|language=en}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|NED}} [[Wim Suurbier]] (2017)<ref>{{Cite web|title=ISL 2017: Rinus Michel’s student Wim Suurbier oversaw Kerala Blasters’ pre-season {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-sg/news/isl-2017-rinus-michels-student-wim-suurbier-oversaw-kerala/1on4i3ihq994i1s6onobp1rx86|access-date=2020-07-23|website=www.goal.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|ENG}} Iain Shaw (2017)
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Thangboi Singto]] (2017–2019)<ref>{{Cite web|author=Scroll Staff|title=Ex-Lajong coach Thangboi Singto joins Kerala Blasters as assistant coach|url=https://scroll.in/field/841797/ex-lajong-coach-thangboi-singto-joins-kerala-blasters-as-assistant-coach|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|ISL}} [[Hermann Hreidarsson]] (2017–2018)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerala Blasters assistant coach Hermann Hreiðarsson - There is work to be done {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/isl-kerala-blasters-hermann-hreidarsson-iceland/ejksi4sitvh192m9c2swxdsy|access-date=2020-07-23|website=www.goal.com|language=en}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|POR}} João Arnaldo Correia de Carvalho (2019)
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Francisco Bruto Da Costa]] (2019)
* {{flagicon|AUS}} [[Shaun Ontong]] (2019–2020)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-05|title=Kerala Blasters set to sign former NorthEast United assistant coach Shaun Ontong|url=https://khelnow.com/football/isl-2019-20-kerala-blasters-sign-shaun-ontong/|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Khel Now|language=en-US}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Shameel Chembakath (Association football manager)|Shameel Chembakath]] (2020)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerala Blasters And Its Exemplary Youth System|url=https://iftwc.com/kerala-blasters-and-its-exemplary-youth-system/|access-date=2020-07-23|website=IFTWC|language=en-US}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|VEN}} Guillermo Sanchez (2020)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerala Blasters appoint Guillermo Sanchez as assistant coach|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/news/kerala-blasters-appoint-guillermo-sanchez-as-assistant-coach|access-date=2020-07-23|website=Indian Super League|language=en}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|POL}} Tomasz Tchórz (2020–2021)
* {{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Patrick Van Kets]] (2021)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Releases|first=Press|date=2021-06-17|title=Ivan Vukomanovic joins Kerala Blasters FC as the new Head Coach|url=https://thebridge.in/football/new-kbfc-coachivan-vukomanovic-22178|access-date=2021-06-17|website=thebridge.in|language=en}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Stéphane van der Heyden]] (2021–2022)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-14|title=Kerala Blasters appoint Stephan Van Der Heyden as assistant coach|url=https://khelnow.com/football/isl-2021-22-kerala-blasters-stephan-van-der-heyden-assistant-coach/|access-date=2021-11-14|website=Khel Now|language=en-US}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|Belgium}} [[Frank Dauwen]] (2022–2024)
*{{flagicon|IND}} '''[[T. G. Purushothaman]]''' (2023–)<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 July 2023 |title=Kerala Blasters FC Announces T.G. Purushothaman as New Assistant Coach for First Team |url=https://keralablastersfc.in/kerala-blasters-fc-announces-t-g-purushothaman-as-new-assistant-coach-for-first-team/ |access-date=2023-07-12 |website=Kerala Blasters FC |language=en-US}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|SWE}} [[Björn Wesström]] (2024)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-07 |title=Kerala Blasters FC bolsters coaching staff with appointments of Björn Wesström & Frederico Pereira Morais. - Kerala Blasters FC |url=https://keralablastersfc.in/kerala-blasters-fc-bolsters-coaching-staff-with-appointment-of-bjorn-wesstrom-frederico-pereira-morais/ |access-date=2024-08-02 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters]]
*[[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves|Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy]]
*[[List of Kerala Blasters FC players]]
*[[List of Kerala Blasters FC records and statistics]]
*[[List of Kerala Blasters FC Seasons]]
*[[Kerala Blasters FC results by opponent]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Kerala Blasters FC}}
{{Kerala Blasters FC head coaches}}

[[Category:Lists of football managers in India by club|Kerala Blasters FC]]
[[Category:Kerala Blasters FC-related lists|Coaches]]
[[Category:Kerala Blasters FC managers|*]]

Samrau

2025-10-02T13:12:21Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding some data first draft

{{More citations needed|date=January 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Samrau
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = town
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Rajasthan#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Rajasthan, India
| coordinates = {{coord|26|51|58|N|72|43|14|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Rajasthan]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jodhpur district|Jodhpur]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Tehsil]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Osian, Jodhpur|Osian]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 230
| population_total = 1554
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 342302
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#RJ.E2.80.94Rajasthan|RJ]]-xxx
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|RJ-IN]]
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Samrau''' is a medium-sized village located in Osian, Tehsil of the Jodhpur District, Rajasthan, with a total of 244 families residing in it. According to the 2011 Population Census, Samrau has a population of 1,554 people. Of that number, the census identifies 822 individuals as male and 732 as female.
As per the constitution of India and Panchyati Raaj Act, Samrau village is governed by an elected representative called a Sarpanch (Head of Village). Samrau has one Primary Health Center and more than 10 Schools within its territory, including Rajputs, Jats and Bishnoi's. The village has temples of almost all the Hindu gods.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/84472-samrau-rajasthan.html|title=Samrau Village Population - Osian - Jodhpur, Rajasthan|website=Census2011.co.in}}</ref>

==Samrau violence==
On the evening of 14 January 2018, a 36-year-old liquor trader, Hanuman Ram Jat, a history-sheeter was shot at and ran over by a vehicle in Samrau. After the murder around 10 thousand Jaat people gathered at Samrau along with few local Jaat MLAs. Tension prevailed at the village due to the villagers being in a strike along with the body of deceased, demanding the arrests of all the accused in this connection. The protesters set many shops and houses of the Rajput people in the village on fire, damaged police vehicles, and also pelted stones. They also destroyed the old Raawla (King Residence); this incident is considered as the failure of Jodhpur Police. After the civil unrest, the Home minister Gulab Chand Kataria, state police DGP and many MPs as well as MLAs visited the village.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nyoooz.com/news/jaipur/1009539/liquor-trader-shot-at-and-run-over-by-opponents/|title=Liquor trader shot at and run over by opponents|website=Nyoooz.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.patrika.com/jodhpur-news/clash-after-liquor-contractors-death-in-samrau-jodhpur-2234752/|title=सुलगा उठा जोधपुर का सामराऊ! भीड़ ने एक दर्जन घर फूंके, इंटरनेट बंद, आज होगा शव का पोस्टमार्टम|website=Patrika.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/rajasthan/jodhpur/news/RAJ-JOD-HMU-LCL-loot-and-burning-incidents-during-samrau-violence-5793196-PHO.html|title=घर-दुकान बेरहमी से जलाए, बेटियों के ब्याह के गहने तक लूट ले गए|date=17 January 2018|website=Bhaskar.com|accessdate=29 May 2018}}</ref>

==Geography==
Samrau is located in the [[Thar Desert]] at an elevation of 230 meters above mean sea level. The village is 90 km from district headquarter [[Jodhpur]] and 40 km from [[Osian, Jodhpur|Osian]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Jodhpur district |state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Villages in Jodhpur district]]

Visakhapatnam–Guntur Uday Express

2025-09-30T20:50:26Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding the post needs work

{{short description|Uday Express between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2025}}
{{italic title}}
{{Infobox rail service
| color = FFC97F
| name = Visakhapatnam – Guntur Uday Express
| logo = Ministry of Railways India.svg
| image =
| image_width =
| caption =
| type = [[Uday Express]]
| locale = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| first = {{start date and age|df=yes|2019|09|26}}
| last =
| operator = [[East Coast Railway zone|East Coast Railway]] (ECoR)
| ridership =
| start = {{stnlnk|Visakhapatnam}} (VSKP)
| stops = 8
| end = {{stnlnk|Guntur Junction}} (GNT)
| distance = {{convert|384|km|0|abbr=on}}
| journeytime = 7 hrs 40 mins
| frequency = 5 Days a week (except Sunday, Thursday)
| class = AC Chair Car
| seating = Yes
| sleeping = No
| autorack =
| catering = On-board catering
| observation = Large windows
| entertainment = No
| baggage = Yes
| otherfacilities =
| trainnumber = 22701 / 22702
| stock = [[LHB coach|LHB-Uday]]
| gauge = {{track gauge|1676mm}}
| speed = {{cvt|55|km/h|0|abbr=on}} average including halts
| map = {{Visakhapatnam-Guntur UDAY Express Route}}
| map_state = collapsed
}}

The 22701 / 22702 '''Visakhapatnam–Guntur Uday Express''' is a Double-decker AC chair Car train of the Indian Railways connecting {{stnlnk|Visakhapatnam}} in [[Andhra Pradesh]] and {{stnlnk|Guntur}} in [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Second double-decker Uday Express to run between Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/second-double-decker-uday-express-to-run-between-visakhapatnam-vijayawada/articleshow/70734440.cms?from=mdr |website=The Economic Times |date=19 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=2nd UDAY Express to run between Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada |url=https://currentaffairs.gktoday.in/2nd-uday-express-run-visakhapatnam-vijayawada-08201982789.html |website=Current Affairs Today |date=20 August 2019 |access-date=6 October 2019 |archive-date=6 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191006100524/https://currentaffairs.gktoday.in/2nd-uday-express-run-visakhapatnam-vijayawada-08201982789.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Guntur Jn. It is currently being operated with 22701/22702 train numbers on five days a week. It operates at an average speed of 55 km/h.<ref>{{cite news |title=UDAY Express from Vizag to Vijayawada: All new AC double-decker train launched; check time table, fare |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/infrastructure/railways/uday-express-from-vizag-to-vijayawada-all-new-ac-double-decker-train-launched-check-time-table-fare/1717994/ |work=The Financial Express |date=26 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-11 |title=Uday Express to be extended to Guntur from Jan. 13 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/uday-express-to-be-extended-to-guntur-from-jan-13/article67730389.ece |access-date=2024-01-13 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==Coach composition==

Utkrisht Double Decker Air Conditioned Yatri Express will be double-decker trains with 40% additional passenger capacity.<ref>{{cite news |title=Uday Express Vizag-Vijaywada Double-decker AC Train: All You Need to Know |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/uday-express-vizag-vijaywada-double-decker-ac-train-all-you-need-to-know-2323769.html |work=News18}}</ref> They will run on busy route by Indian Railways with features of LED screen display to show information about stations, train speed etc. and will have announcement system as well, Vending machines for tea, coffee and milk, Bio toilets in compartments as well as CCTV cameras.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Livemint |title=Vijayawada–Visakhapatnam double-decker Uday Express: Timings, schedule |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/visakhapatnam-vijayawada-double-decker-uday-express-timings-schedule-and-other-facilities-1566199479792.html |website=Mint |date=19 August 2019}}</ref>

UDAY Express has a total of 10 coaches; 3 coaches with Dining facility with seating capacity of 104 Seats each and 5 coaches without dining with seating capacity of 120 seats. The remaining two will be power cars.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-12 |title=Kishan Reddy to flag off extended three trains in AP today |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/kishan-reddy-to-flag-off-extended-three-trains-in-ap-today/article67731668.ece |access-date=2024-01-13 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders unsortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!
! rowspan="1" scope="col" style="background:lightgreen;" | 1
! rowspan="1" scope="col" style="background:#FFD700;" | 2
! rowspan="1" scope="col" style="background:#FFD700;" | 3
! rowspan="1" scope="col" style="background:#FFD700;" | 4
! rowspan="1" scope="col" style="background:#FFD700;" | 5
! rowspan="1" scope="col" style="background:#FFD700;" | 6
! rowspan="1" scope="col" style="background:#FFD700;" | 7
! rowspan="1" scope="col" style="background:#FFD700;" | 8
! rowspan="1" scope="col" style="background:#FFD700;" | 9
! rowspan="1" scope="col" style="background:#FFD700;" | 10
|-
|'''22701'''
|[[File:BSicon LDER.svg|25px]] || EOG || C1 || C2 || C3 || C4 ||C5 || C6 || C7 || SLR
|-
|'''22702'''
|[[File:BSicon LDER.svg|25px]]
|SLR
|C7
|C6
|C5
|C4
|C3
|C2
|C1
|EOG
|}

== Service==

It averages 50 km/h as 22701 Uday Express starts from Visakhapatnam, covering 381 km in 7 hrs 40 mins and 55 km/h as 22702 Uday Express starts from Guntur, covering 381 km in 6 hrs 55 min.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vizag |first=Team Yo! |date=2024-01-11 |title=Extension of Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada Uday express trains |url=https://www.yovizag.com/extension-of-visakhapatnam-to-vijayawada-uday-express-trains-up-to-guntur-station/ |access-date=2024-01-13 |website=Vizag |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Andhra Pradesh: G Kishan Reddy flags off three trains from Guntur {{!}} Headlines |url=https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/headlines/2774205-andhra-pradesh-g-kishan-reddy-flags-off-three-trains-from-guntur |access-date=2024-01-13 |website=Devdiscourse |language=en}}</ref>

==Route & halts==
{{columns-list|# '''{{stnlnk|Visakhapatnam}}'''
# {{stnlnk|Duvvada}}
# {{stnlnk|Anakapalle}}
# {{stnlnk|Tuni|Andhra Pradesh}}
# {{stnlnk|Samalkot Junction}}
# {{stnlnk|Rajahmundry}}
# {{stnlnk|Tadepalligudem}}
# {{stnlnk|Eluru}}
# {{stnlnk|Vijayawada Junction}}
# '''{{stnlnk|Guntur Junction}}'''|colwidth=20em}}

==Traction==
Both trains are hauled by a [[Electric Loco Shed, Visakhapatnam|Visakhapatnam]]-based [[WAP-7]] locomotive on its entire journey.

==See also==

* [[Visakhapatnam–Tirupati Double Decker Express]]
* [[Uday Express]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://indiarailinfo.com/train/52225 22701 VSKP GNT Uday Express] India Rail Info
* [https://indiarailinfo.com/train/vijayawada-visakhapatnam-uday-express-22702/52226/29/401 22702 GNT VSKP Uday Express] India Rail Info

{{Uday Express}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada Uday Express}}
[[Category:Uday Express trains]]
[[Category:Transport in Visakhapatnam]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Railway services introduced in 2019]]
[[Category:Transport in Guntur]]

Beela Venkateshan

2025-09-29T21:34:36Z

Vijaysakumedia:

{{Short description|Indian Administrative Service officer (1969–2025)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Beela Venkateshan
| image = The Executive Director, Handloom Export Promotion Council, Ministry of Textiles, Govt. of India, Dr. Mrs. Beela Rajesh inaugurating a Buyer Seller Meet.jpg
|caption=Beela in the checkered saree
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1969|11|15|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Thoothukudi]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2025|09|24|1969|11|15|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Chennai]], India
| children = 2
| office = Secretary at the [[Tamil Nadu Government's Departments#Tamil Nadu Government's Secretariat Departments (Head)|Commercial Taxes and Registration Department of State of Tamil Nadu]]
| term_start = 12 June 2020<ref>{{cite news |title=Amid surge in COVID-19 cases, TN govt transfers health secretary Beela Rajesh; J Radhakrishnan returns |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/chennai/article/amid-surge-in-covid-19-cases-tn-govt-transfers-health-secretary-beela-rajesh-j-radhakrishnan-returns/605374 |access-date=30 August 2020 |work=Times Now |language=en}}</ref>
| term_end = 24 September 2025
| predecessor =
| successor =
| office2 = Health Secretary at the [[Department of Health and Family Welfare (Tamil Nadu)|Department of Health and Family Welfare of State of Tamil Nadu]]
| term_start2 = 17 February 2019
| term_end2 = 12 June 2020<ref name="et">{{cite news |title=Tamil Nadu Health Secretary Beela Rajesh transferred as cases surge |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/tamil-nadu-health-secretary-beela-rajesh-transferred-as-cases-surge/articleshow/76344001.cms |access-date=24 August 2020 |work=The Economic Times |date=12 June 2020}}</ref>
| predecessor2 = [[J. Radhakrishnan]]<ref name="et"/>
| successor2 = [[J. Radhakrishnan]]<ref name="et"/>
}}

'''Beela Venkatesan''' (15 November 1969 – 24 September 2025) was an [[Indian Administrative Service]] (IAS) officer serving as the Secretary of Commercial Taxes and Registration, known for her role in managing the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Tamil Nadu|COVID-19 pandemic]] in [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref name="TNM">{{cite news |author1=Priyanka Thirumurthy |title=Who is Dr Beela Rajesh, and how is she handling the pandemic in Tamil Nadu? |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/who-dr-beela-rajesh-and-how-she-handling-pandemic-tamil-nadu-122406 |access-date=24 August 2020 |work=[[The News Minute]] |date=12 April 2020}}</ref>

== Background ==
Beela Venkatesan was born in [[Thoothukudi district|Thoothukudi District]] on 15 November 1969,<ref name="biodata">{{cite web |title=Biodata of Ms Beela Rajesh |url=https://supremo.nic.in/ERSheetHtml.aspx?OffIDErhtml=15906&PageId= |website=Single User platform Related To Employees Online (SUPREMO) |publisher=Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions |access-date=24 August 2020}}</ref> and was later based in the [[Kottivakkam]] locality of Chennai. She was born in an influential family with her mother, [[Rani Venkatesan]], being a senior [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] leader and a former [[Member of Legislative Assembly|MLA]], and her father, L. N. Venkatesan, a retired [[Director general of police]].<ref name="TNM"/> Beela was an [[MBBS]] graduate from [[Madras Medical College]] and an [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]] officer from the 1997 batch.

Her husband Rajesh Das IPS is accused of sexually harassing a woman Superintendent of Police in February. The incident allegedly happened when he and the woman officer were part of a security detail for the then Chief Minister Edappadi K. Palaniswami during an election campaign.
<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2021/mar/01/former-tamil-nadu-senior-cop-rajesh-das-booked-by-cb-cid-for-sexual-harassment-of-officer-2270335.html|title=Former Tamil Nadu senior cop Rajesh das booked by CB-CID for sexual harassment of officer}}</ref>

Beela died from a [[brain tumour]] on 24 September 2025, at the age of 56.<ref>{{cite news |title=IAS officer Beela Venkatesan, key figure during COVID-19 in TN, passes away at 56 |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/tamil-nadu/ias-officer-beela-venkatesan-key-figure-during-covid-19-in-tn-passes-away-at-56 |access-date=24 September 2025 |publisher=The News Minute |date=24 September 2025}}</ref>

== Career ==
In February 2019, Beela Venkatesan was appointed Health Secretary at the [[Department of Health and Family Welfare (Tamil Nadu)|Department of Health and Family Welfare of State of Tamil Nadu]]. Prior to taking charge as the Health Secretary, she served as Commissioner, Indian Medicine and Homeopathy for the state.<ref name="nie">{{cite news |title=IAS officer Beela Rajesh takes charge as new health secretary |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2019/feb/19/beela-rajesh-takes-charge-as-new-health-secy-1940630.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190220154735/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2019/feb/19/beela-rajesh-takes-charge-as-new-health-secy-1940630.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 20, 2019 |access-date=25 August 2020 |work=The New Indian Express |date=19 February 2019}}</ref> As a Health Secretary, Beela Venkatesan was instrumental in initiating Hospital Management Information System, under which patients data across [[Tamil Nadu]] would be digitised and stored in cloud for future reference and research purposes.<ref>{{cite news |author1=S. Vijay Kumar |title=Tamil Nadu to store patient data in cloud |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/tn-to-store-patient-data-in-cloud/article29875625.ece |access-date=25 August 2020 |work=The Hindu |date=4 November 2019 |language=en-IN}}</ref> She played vital role in minimising the number of [[Dengue fever|Dengue]] cases reported in the state in 2019.<ref>{{cite news |title=Fewer dengue cases reported this year, says Health Secretary |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/fewer-dengue-cases-reported-this-year-says-health-secretary-beela-rajesh-lists-measures-taken-across-state-to-tackle-mosquito-borne-disease/article29621841.ece |access-date=25 August 2020 |work=The Hindu |date=9 October 2019 |language=en-IN}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Twitter|drbeelaias}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rajesh, Beela}}
[[Category:1969 births]]
[[Category:2025 deaths]]
[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic in India]]
[[Category:Indian Administrative Service officers]]
[[Category:People from Thoothukudi district]]
[[Category:Deaths from brain cancer in India]]

Varali

2025-09-27T19:06:09Z

Vijaysakumedia:

{{Short description|Janya raga of Carnatic music}}
{{Infobox ragam
| name = Varali
| synonym =
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| mela =
| chakra =
| type =
| arohanam = {{svaraC|S|G1|R1|G1|M2|P|D1|N3|S'}}
| avarohanam = {{svaraC|S'|N3|D1|P|M2|G1|R1|S}}
| jeeva =
| chhaya =
| nyasa =
| vishesha =
| equivalent =
| similar =
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Carnatic}}
'''Varali''' or '''Varaali''' (pronounced varāḷi) is a [[rāga]]m in [[Carnatic music]] (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is classified either as the 39th mela kartha raga or as a ''[[janya]]'' rāgam (derived scale) of the 39th ''[[melakarta]]'' scale ''[[Jhalavarali]]''. Even though it is a mela kartha, the scale is most often rendered with a ''vakra'' scale (zig-zag notes) in the ascending scale.<ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref>

It is a ''[[Vivadi|vivadi rāgam]]''. It is the 4th in the list of 5 ''Ghana'' rāgams (''[[Nata (raga)|Natta]]'', ''[[Gaula (raga)|Gaula]]'', ''[[Arabhi]]'' and ''[[Shree (Carnatic raga)|Shree]]'' being the others).<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref> In olden times, this rāgam was called ''Varati'',<ref name="ragas" /> and is said to be more than 1300 years old.<ref name="raganubhava">[http://www.carnatica.net/newsletter/varalinewsletter.htm Summary of the Raganubhava session on Varali on 13 February 2000]</ref> It is with this name that it is referred in old musical texts like ''[[Sangita Makarandha]]'' and ''[[Sangita Ratnakara]]''.<ref name="raganubhava" />

== Structure and Lakshana ==
''Varali'' is an asymmetric rāgam due to the ''vakra prayoga'' in ascending scale. It is a ''vakra-sampurna-sampurna'' rāgam (''sampurna'' meaning containing all 7 notes).<ref name="raganidhi" /><ref name="ragas" /> Its ''ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa'' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows:

*[[Arohana|ārohaṇa]] : {{svaraC|S|G1|R1|G1|M2|P|D1|N3|S'|foot=yes}}
*[[Avarohana|avarohaṇa]] : {{svaraC|S'|N3|D1|P|M2|G1|R1|S|foot=yes}}

The notes used in this scale are ''shadjam, shuddha rishabham, shuddha gandharam, prati madhyamam, panchamam, shuddha dhaivatam'' and ''kakali nishadham''. The ''madhyamam'' used is said to be slightly higher than the ''prati madhyamam'', and is also called as ''chyuta panchama madhyamam'' (also referred as ''Varali madhyamam'').<ref name="raganubhava" /> For the details of the notations and terms, see [[Swara#Svaras in Carnatic music|''swaras'' in Carnatic music]]. Some also believe that it can be sung as S R1 G1, and this phrase also appears in many compositions, Kanakanaruchira being one of the most popular.

== Belief ==
It is believed that Varali, when taught directly by a teacher to a student, will strain their relationship or could cause ill effects to one or the other.<ref name="ragas" /> The ragam is said to be learnt by listening and self-learning.

==Popular compositions==
There are many compositions set to ''Varali'' rāgam. Many compositions in praise of Lord [[Ganesha]] are set to this raga.<ref name="ragas" /> Here are some popular ''[[Kriti (music)|kritis]]'' composed in this ragam.

*The fourth ''[[Pancharatna Kriti]]'' ''Kanakana ruchira'' composed by [[Tyagaraja]], the fourth of the 5 gems
*''Eti Janmam Idi, Karuna Elagante, Sri Rama Sri Rama Jitha Rama, Sri Rama Jaya Rama, Dharanu Nee Saridaivamu, Indukemi, Noremi Sri Rama, Pahi Paramaathma, Pahi Ramaa Ramana, Vaddayunde, Ee Menu Kaligina, Bhavasannutha, Marakathamani and Ne Pogadakunte'' by [[Tyagaraja]]
*''Mamava Meenakshi, Lambodaraya Namaste and Sheshachala Nayakam'' by [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]]
*''Karunajudavamma and Kamakshi Bangaru'' by [[Shyama Shastri]]
*''Intha prodayye'' and ''Valapudacha'' by [[Kshetrayya]] padam
*''Ka Vaa Vaa'' and ''Dikku Verilai'' by [[Papanasam Sivan]]
*''Valayunniha'', a Malayalam Padam and M''amava Padmanabha'' by Maharaja [[Swathi Thirunal]]
*''Ille Vaikuntha namma Srilakshmi'' by [[Purandara Dasa]]
*''Idhigo Bhadradri'' by [[Bhadrachala Ramadasu]]
* Aazhi Mazhai Kanna by [[Andal]] tuned by [[Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar]]

==Notes==
{{notelist|30em}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Melakarta ragas|state=collapsed}}
{{Janya|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Janya ragas]]

Dada Salvi

2025-06-05T12:16:51Z

Vijaysakumedia: creating basic post needs work!

{{Short description|Indian actor (1904–1980)}}
{{morefootnotes|date=April 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Dada Salvi
| other_names = D. S. Salvi
| birth_name = Dinkar Shivram Salvi
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1904|12|04}}
| birth_place = Phansop, [[Ratnagiri district]], [[British Raj]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1980|10|29|1904|12|04}}
| death_place = [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| occupation = {{Hlist|Actor|director}}
| years_active = 1928–1980
| spouse = Sakhubai<ref>{{Cite web |title=दादा साळवी यांचा पणतु आहे मराठी सृष्टीतील प्रसिद्ध अभिनेता…. मराठी सृष्टीतील पहिला प्रेमविवाह त्यांनीच केला होता |url=https://bolkyaresha.in/dada-salvi-and-sunil-tawade-realation-news/ |access-date=2024-05-04 |website=Bolkya Resha |language=en-US}}</ref>
}}

'''Dinkar Shivram Salvi''' (1904–1980), popularly known as '''Dada Salvi''' was an Indian actor who worked in Marathi and Hindi films.

== Career ==
Dada Salvi was born in Phansop, Ratnagiri district, and began his career in entertainment by actively participating in various programs in his village, including acting in dramas. The playwright Tipnis brought him to [[Mumbai]], where he secured a position at the Excelcior Film Company managed by Sheth Vazir Ahijee. Salvi's educational background made him an ideal candidate for film work, leading to his employment at a monthly salary of 25 rupees. He made his acting debut in the first silent film ''Khun-e-Nahak'' (1928). Impressed by his performance, Imperial Film Company invited him to join them, where he directed and acted in several silent films such as ''Madanmanjari'', ''Indira B.A.'', ''Bholashikar'', ''Cinema Girl'', ''Hamara Hindustan'', ''Raat Ki Baat'', and ''Khuda Ki Shaan''. Additionally, he worked in Paramount Film Company's ''Poliadi Pehalwan'', directed by Jayant Desai.

Salvi played a significant role in the Marathi film industry, notably in the first talkie film ''Alam Ara'', and continued to act in films like ''Aut Ghatkayacha Raja'', ''Bhakt Pralhad'', ''Chatrapati Sambhaji'', and ''Thakasen Rajput'' under the banner Saraswati Cinetone. He gained recognition for his portrayal of Kalusha Kabjee in ''Chatrapati Sambhaji''. Hans Chitra acknowledged his talent and offered him roles in [[Kolhapur]], where he delivered impressive performances.

In 1937, Salvi ventured into talkies with ''Premveer'', marking the beginning of his collaboration with [[Master Vinayak]]. Their partnership led to memorable films such as ''Brahmachari'', where he portrayed the father of the lead actress. He showcased his versatility with roles ranging from a drunkard in ''Brandy Ki Bottle'', a loving father in ''Devta'' and a professor in ''Ardhangi''.

As Hans Pictures evolved into Navayug Films, Salvi continued to contribute to the industry with films like ''Sangam'', ''Pahili Mangalagaur'', and ''Tujhach''. His acting prowess remained unmatched, and he played the lead role of Barrister Manohar in ''Majh Bal'' for [[Prabhat Films]] after Vinayak's departure. His performances in films like ''Chimukla Sansar'', ''Gajabha'', ''[[Badi Maa]]'', and ''Subhadra'' further solidified his reputation as a versatile actor.

After Vinayak's demise in 1947, Salvi continued to act in films like ''Dr. Kotnis Ki Amar Kahani'', ''[[Tadbir]]'', and ''Maharana Pratap''. Despite declining offers to act in ''[[Ramshastri (film)|Ramshastri]]'' for Prabhat Films, he portrayed the antagonist in ''Jivacha Sakha'' for Mangal Pictures, receiving acclaim for his performance. Salvi's contribution to Marathi cinema was significant, with notable roles in films such as ''Patalacha Por'', ''Vadal'', ''Kanchanganga'', ''Kuldaivat'', ''[[Sangte Aika]]'', ''Shikleli Bayko'', ''Antaricha Diwa'', ''Umaj Padel Tar'', and ''Kanyadan'', where his portrayal of a father-in-law resonated with audiences.

During his tenure at Imperial Film Company, Salvi married actress Sakubai. His journey in the film industry left a lasting impact, showcasing his talent and versatility as an actor.<ref>{{Cite book |last=[[Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar|KHANDEKAR]] |first=V. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7ZoaDgAAQBAJ&q=%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80 |title=JEEVANSHILPI |date=2015-01-01 |publisher=[[Mehta Publishing House]] |isbn=978-81-8498-777-5 |language=en}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
{{Small|Source: Maharashtra Nayak<ref>{{Cite web |title=साळवी, दिनकर शिवराम |url=https://maharashtranayak.in/saalavai-dainakara-saivaraama |access-date=2024-05-04 |website=Maharashtra Nayak|language=en}}</ref>}}

* ''Khoon-E-Nahak''
* ''Madanmanjiri''
* ''Indira B. A.''
* ''Bholashikar''
* ''Cinema Girl''
* ''Hamara Hindustan''
* ''Raat Ki Baat''
* ''Khuda Ki Shaan''
* ''[[Alam Ara]]''
* ''Aaut Ghatkecha Raja''
* ''Bhakta Pralhad''
* ''Thaksen Rajputra''
* ''[[Chhatrapati Sambhaji (1934 film)|Chhatrapati Sambhaji]]''
* ''Premveer''
* ''[[Brahmachari (1938 film)|Bramhachari]]''
* ''Savangadi''
* ''Brandachi Batali''
* ''Devta''
* ''Ardhangi''
* ''[[Amrit (1941 film)|Amrit]]''
* ''Sangam''
* ''Pahili Mangalagaur''
* ''Tujhach''
* ''Majha Bal''
* ''Chimukala Sansar''
* ''Lapandav''
* ''Gajyabhau''
* ''[[Badi Maa]]''
* ''Subhadra''
* ''[[Tadbir]]''
* ''Maharana Pratap''
* ''Jivacha Sakha''
* ''Patalacha Por''
* ''Vadal''
* ''Kanchanganga''
* ''Kuldaivat''
* ''[[Sangte Aika]]''<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Majumdar |first1=Neepa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G5F-EAAAQBAJ&q=%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80 |title=A Companion to Indian Cinema |last2=Mazumdar |first2=Ranjani |date=2022-08-23 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-119-04819-0 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Rajadhyaksha |first1=Ashish |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rF8ABAAAQBAJ&q=%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80 |title=Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema |last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |date=2014-07-10 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-135-94325-7 |language=en}}</ref>
* ''Shikleli Bayko''
* ''Antaricha Diva''
* ''Mansala Pankh Astat''
* ''Saptapadi''
* ''Char Diwas Sasuche Char Diwas Suneche''
* ''Umaj Padel Tar''
* ''Bhairavi''
* ''Kanyadaan''
* ''[[Sawaal Majha Aika!]]''<ref name=":0" />
* ''Malhari Martand''
* ''Janaki''
* ''Baykocha Bhau''
* ''Kay Ho Chamatkar''
* ''Ek Don Teen''
* ''Pahila Bhau''
* ''Suadarshan''
* ''Ek Gaav Bara Bhangadi''
* ''Ganane Ghungroo Haravale''
* ''Ashi Rangali Raat''
* ''Kaali Bayko''
* ''Manala Tar Dev''
* ''Nate Jadale Don Jivache''
* ''Ashich Ek Ratra''
* ''Kasa Kay Patil Bara Hay Ka''
* ''Soon Majhi Savitri''
* ''Aunda Pagin Karayacha''
* ''Karava Tasa Bharava''

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{IMDb name|id=0759430}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Salvi, Dada}}
[[Category:Actors in Marathi cinema]]
[[Category:People from Ratnagiri district]]
[[Category:Actors in Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:1904 births]]
[[Category:1980 deaths]]

Shiradwad

2025-06-04T04:28:51Z

Vijaysakumedia: brief refined lead for clarity and corrected details

{{More sources needed|date=October 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Shiradwad
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| coordinates = {{coord|16.5733|N|74.4841|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Belgaum district|Belgaum]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| parts_type = [[Taluka]]
| parts = [[Nippani]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of = 2017
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Marathi
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 591214
| postal_code = 591214
| registration_plate = KA 23
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest cities
| blank1_info_sec1 = Ichalakaranji, Kolhapur, Sangli.
| blank2_name_sec1 = Lok Sabha constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = Chikodi
| blank3_name_sec1 = Sitting MP
| blank3_info_sec1 = Mr.Annasaheb Shankar Jolle
| blank4_name_sec1 = Vidhan Sabha constituency
| blank4_info_sec1 = Nipani
| blank5_name_sec1 = Sitting MLA
| blank5_info_sec1 = Mrs.Shashikala Jolle
| website =
| footnotes = 'Satyamev Jayate'
}}

'''Shiradwad''' is a village in [[Belgaum district]] of [[Karnataka]] on the bank of [[Dudhaganga]] River. The population has been [[Population census|recorded]] to be 3110 as of 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shiradwad Village Population - Chikodi - Belgaum, Karnataka |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/597154-shiradwad-karnataka.html |access-date=2025-04-11 |website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref> [[Marathi language|Marathi]] is the main spoken language followed by [[Kannada language|Kannada]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Settlements in Belgaum district}}

[[Category:Villages in Belagavi district]]

{{Chikodi-geo-stub}}

Manoharabad

2025-04-18T07:10:15Z

Vijaysakumedia: general refine article for accuracy and corrected details for clarity

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Manoharabad
| native_name = Manoharabad Station
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Mandal
| image_skyline = Ajanta Exp. (22299389954).jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Ajanta Express at Manoharabad Railway station
| pushpin_map = India Telangana#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Telangana, India
| coordinates = {{coord|17.766496|N|78.468089|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Telangana]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = Medak
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 502336
| registration_plate =TS 35
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Climatic regions of India|hot]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])
| website = {{URL|telangana.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Manoharabad''' is a [[Mandal]] of the [[Medak district]], [[Telangana]], India.<ref>[http://nrega.nic.in/netnrega/writereaddata/state_out/more_person0217043017_1213_110.html NREGA report]{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> its erstwhile name was YENNELLI-Harishankergoud Ramunigari also generally called as Manoharabad Station. it also coincides with the Name of Manoharabad a village in [[Jakranpally]] Mandal of [[Nizamabad district|Nizamabad]] district in Telangana.

==Economy==
[[ITC Limited]] opened a manufacturing facility in Manoharabad in 2023. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/agri-business/itc-opens-rs-450-cr-manufacturing-facility/article66449844.ece/amp/ | title=ITC opens ₹450-cr manufacturing facility in Telangana | date=30 January 2023 }}</ref>

==Transport==
[[National Highway 44 (India)|National Highway 44]] passes through this town.
===Rail===
Manoharabad has an existing railway station with code ([[Manoharabad railway station|MOB]]) and is an important part of the new [[Kothapalli–Manoharabad line|Kothapalli-Manoharabad]] line connecting various districts and towns such as [[Karimnagar]], [[Sircilla]], [[Siddipet]], [[Gajwel]], etc to [[Hyderabad]]. The line is estimated to be completed in 2025.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2022/jun/16/age-old-wait-ends-siddipet-sircilla-gajwel-set-for-rail-connectivity-2466192.html | title=Age-old wait ends; Siddipet, Sircilla & Gajwel set for rail connectivity }}</ref>

The Manoharabad - Siddipet portion of the line was inaugurated on 3 October, 2023 with a regular [[Secunderabad Junction railway station|Secunderabad]]-Siddipet [[DEMU]] train service.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/pm-to-commission-two-new-railway-lines-in-telangana/article67357830.ece/amp/ | title=PM to commission two new railway lines in Telangana | newspaper=The Hindu | date=28 September 2023 | last1=Geetanath | first1=V. }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://telanganatoday.com/pm-modi-to-inaugurate-siddipet-secunderabad-train-service-on-october-3 | title=PM Modi to inaugurate Siddipet-Secunderabad train service on October 3 | date=2 October 2023 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Medak district}}

[[Category:Villages in Medak district]]

Rajabagan

2024-12-30T08:09:14Z

Vijaysakumedia:

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement



|name =Rajabagan
|official_name =
|other_name =
|native_name = 
|nickname =
|settlement_type =Neighbourhood in Kolkata (Calcutta) 
|total_type = 
|motto =

|image_skyline = Rajabagan Dockyard.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Rajabagan Dockyard
|image_flag =
|flag_size =
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|seal_size =
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|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|image_dot_map =
|dot_mapsize =
|dot_map_caption =
|dot_x = |dot_y =
|pushpin_map = India Kolkata
|pushpin_label_position = 
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kolkata
|pushpin_mapsize =

|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{IND}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
|subdivision_type2 = City
|subdivision_name2 = [[Kolkata]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]]
|subdivision_name3 = [[Kolkata district|Kolkata]]<ref>{{cite news |title=South 24 Parganas district|url=http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/ACName?DCID=10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/westbengal/kolkata-city-map.htm|title=Map of Kolkata (Calcutta)}}</ref>
|subdivision_type4 =
|subdivision_name4 =

|seat_type = [[Municipal corporation]]
|seat = [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
|parts_type = [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation|KMC]] ward
|parts_style = 
|parts = [[Ward No. 141, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|141]]
|p1 =
|p2 = 

|government_footnotes =
|government_type =
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|leader_title1 = 
|leader_name1 =
|established_title = 
|established_date =
|subdivision_type5 =
|subdivision_name5 =
|subdivision_type6 =
|subdivision_name6 =

|area_magnitude =
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 = 
|area_land_km2 = 
|area_water_km2 =
|area_total_sq_mi =
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|area_water_sq_mi =
|area_water_percent =

|elevation_footnotes = 
|elevation_m =
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|elevation_min_ft =

|population_as_of =
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_total = For population see linked KMC ward page
|population_density_km2 = 
|population_density_sq_mi =

|timezone = IST
|utc_offset = +5:30
|timezone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|coor_type = 
|coordinates = {{coord|22.553417|N|88.269556|E|region:IN-{{IndAbbr|[[West Bengal]]}}|display=inline,title}}

|postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
|postal_code = 700 044
|area_code = +91 33
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Diamond Harbour (Lok Sabha constituency)|Diamond Harbour]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Metiaburuz (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Metiaburuz]]
|website =
|footnotes =
}}

'''Rajabagan''' is a locality and a dockyard in the [[Garden Reach]] neighbourhood of [[Kolkata]] in [[West Bengal]], [[India]]. It is situated in the south-western part of Kolkata near the bank of the [[Hooghly river]] and is situated between [[Metiabruz]] (east) and [[Badartala]] (west).

==Geography==
===Location===
{{OSM Location map 
| coord = {{coord|22.5533|88.2723}} 
| zoom = 14 
| label = Rajabagan
| mark-coord = {{coord|22.5533|88.2723}}
| label-pos = right
| float = right
}}
===Post Office===
The Post Office of the area is named '''Rajabagan Dock Yard''' with the Pin code 700044.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.postoffices.co.in/westbengal-wb/rajabagan-dock-yard-kolkata-44/|title=Rajabagan Dock Yard Post office|access-date=20 November 2024}}</ref>

===Police district===
Rajabagan police station is part of the [[Divisions of Kolkata Police|Port division]] of [[Kolkata Police]]. It is located at T-250 Garden Reach Road, Kolkata-700044.<ref name="police">{{cite web| url = http://kolkatapolice.gov.in/division.asp?ID=4&Division=P |title = Kolkata Police |work = Port Division | publisher= KP| access-date = 21 March 2018}}</ref>

[[Watgunge#Police district|Watgunge Women police station]], located at 16, Watgunge Street, Kolkata-700023, covers all police districts under the jurisdiction of the Port division i.e. North Port, South Port, Watgunge, West Port, Garden Reach, Ekbalpur, Nadial, Rajabagan and Metiabruz.<ref name="police"/>

Jadavpur, Thakurpukur, Behala, Purba Jadavpur, Tiljala, Regent Park, Metiabruz, Nadial and Kasba police stations were transferred from South 24 Parganas to Kolkata in 2011. Except Metiabruz, all the police stations were split into two. The new police stations are Parnasree, Haridevpur, Garfa, Patuli, Survey Park, Pragati Maidan, Bansdroni and '''Rajabagan'''.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/1110901/jsp/calcutta/story_14449897.jsp| archive-url = https://archive.today/20130203125607/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110901/jsp/calcutta/story_14449897.jsp| url-status = dead| archive-date = 3 February 2013|title = Midnight change of guard – 17 more police stations come under Lalbazar | publisher= The Telegraph, 1 September 2011| access-date = 2 April 2018}}</ref>

==Economy==
* [[Rajabagan Dockyard]] is a shipyard situated on the left bank of the Hooghly River about three nautical miles down stream of Calcutta Dock System. In 1967 it came into control of Central Inland Water Transport Corporation (CIWTC). However due to heavy losses it came under management of [[Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers]] (GRSE) on 1 July 2006.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://ciwtcltd.com/rajabagan.htm |title = Central Inland Water Transpot Corporation |work = Rajabagan Dockyard | publisher= CIWTC | access-date = 23 March 2018}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
{{Kolkata neighbourhoods}}

[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Kolkata]]

Rosera Lok Sabha constituency

2024-10-26T10:56:38Z

Vijaysakumedia: done

{{Short description|Former constituency of the Indian parliament in Bihar}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Rosera
| type = LS
| map_image =
| map_caption =
| map_alt =
| state = [[Bihar]]
| union_territory =
| established = 1952
| abolished = 2008
| assembly_cons =
| reservation = SC
}}
'''Rosera''' was a [[Lok Sabha]] constituency in [[Bihar]], India.

==Assembly segments==
No. 16 Rosera (रोसड़ा / रोसरा) Parliamentary Constituency was composed of the following assembly segments in 2004:<ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_III_LS_2004.pdf |title = General Elections, 2004 - Details for Assembly Segments of Parliamentary Constituencies |work = 16. Rosera | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 2011-10-25 }}</ref>
*[[Ghanshyampur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ghanshyampur]]
*[[Baheri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Baheri]]
*[[Warisnagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Warisnagar]]
*[[Rosera (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Rosera]]
*[[Singhia (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Singhia]]
*[[Hasanpur, Bihar Assembly constituency|Hasanpur]]

==Members of Parliament==
*1952: [[Rameshwar Sahu]],<ref name=election1951>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4111-general-election-1951-vol-i-ii/ |title=General Election, 1951 (Vol I, II) |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=31 December 2021}}</ref> [[Indian National Congress]]
*1962: Rameshwar Sahu,<ref name=election1962>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4113-general-election-1962-vol-i-ii/ |title=General Election, 1962 (Vol I, II) |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=31 December 2021}}</ref> Indian National Congress
*1967: [[Kedar Paswan]],<ref name=election1967>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4114-general-election-1967-vol-i-ii/ |title=General Election, 1967 (Vol I, II) |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=31 December 2021}}</ref> [[Samyukta Socialist Party]]
*1971: [[Ram Bhagat Paswan]],<ref name=election1971>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4115-general-election-1971-vol-i-ii/ |title=General Election, 1971 (Vol I, II) |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=31 December 2021}}</ref> Indian National Congress
*1977: [[Ram Sewak Hazary]],<ref name=election1977>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4116-general-election-1977-vol-i-ii/ |title=General Election, 1977 (Vol I, II) |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=31 December 2021}}</ref> [[Janata Party]]
*1980: [[Baleshwar Ram]], Indian National Congress
*1984: Ram Bhagat Paswan, Indian National Congress
*1989: [[Dasai Chowdhary]], [[Janata Dal]]
*1991: [[Ram Vilas Paswan]], Janata Dal
*1996: [[Pitambar Paswan]], [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
*1998: Pitambar Paswan, Rashtriya Janata Dal
*1999: [[Ram Chandra Paswan]],<ref name=election1999>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4125-general-election-1999-vol-i-ii-iii/ |title=General Election, 1999 (Vol I, II, III) |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=31 December 2021}}</ref> [[Janata Dal (United)]]
*2004: [[Ram Chandra Paswan]],<ref name=election2004>{{cite web |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/files/file/4126-general-election-2004-vol-i-ii-iii/ |title=General Election 2004 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 22 October 2021}}</ref> [[Lok Janshakti Party]]
*2008 Onwards:''Does not exist''. See : [[Samastipur (Lok Sabha constituency)]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of Bihar}}
{{Darbhanga Division topics}}
{{Bihar elections}}
{{coord|25.8|86.0|display=title}}

[[Category:Former Lok Sabha constituencies of Bihar]]
[[Category:Former constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]
[[Category:2008 disestablishments in India]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2008]]

Shakuntala Mishra

2024-10-15T01:56:45Z

Vijaysakumedia: adding initial pg needs work

{{Short description|Indian writer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox writer
| image =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Gumla district]], [[Bihar]] (now [[Jharkhand]])
| occupation = Professor, Writer
| language = {{ubl|[[Nagpuri language|Nagpuri]]}}
| nationality = [[India]]n
| citizenship = [[India]]
| education = M.A in Nagpuri, Ph.d
| alma_mater =
| period =
| notableworks = {{ubl|Nagpuri Sadani Vyakaran|Sadani Nagpuri-Hindi Sabdkosh|Sato Nadi Par}}
| spouse =
| partner =
| children =
| relatives = {{ubl|Jageshwar Mishra (father)|Pradumnath Pathak (maternal great-grandfather)}}
| awards = {{ubl|Jharkhand Ratna|Praful Samman (2022)|Prernasrot Samman (Doordarshan)|Katha Samman (Govt. of Jharkhand)|Bidushi Samman (Govt. of Bihar)}}
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| portaldisp =
| imagesize =
}}

'''Shakuntala Mishra''' is an Indian writer. She is a prominent writer in [[Nagpuri language]]. She has written many books in Nagpuri including Nagpuri Sadani Vyakaran a grammar book of Nagpuri, Sadani Nagpuri-Hindi Sabdkosh a dictionary of Nagpuri, Sato Nadi Par a story. Her books are included in university Nagpuri studies. She has been awarded ''Jharkhand Ratna'', ''Praful Samman'', ''Prernasrot Samman'' by Doordarshan Ranchi, ''Katha Samman'' by [[Government of Jharkhand]], ''Bidushi Samman'' by [[Government of Bihar]].<ref name="laharnews">{{cite news|url=https://laharnews.com/?p=7370|title=प्रफुल्ल कुमार राय की जयंती पर वक्ताओं ने कहा- संस्कृति की रक्षा के लिए मातृभाषा को सम्मान देना जरुरी|website=laharnews|date=February 2022|access-date=6 October 2022|language=Hindi}}</ref>

==Life==
===Early life===
She was born in [[Gumla district]] of Bihar (Now [[Jharkhand]]) into a [[Brahmin]] family. Her mother tongue was [[nagpuri language|Nagpuri]]. Her grandmother used to tell her various stories. She started writing the stories as a child. Then ''Jai Jharkhand'' Magazine was published by Dr. [[Bisheshwar Prasad Keshari]] from [[Daltonganj]]. Her writing was published in the magazine. She wrote her first poem ''Nehak Doir'' and it was aired in Aakashvani in 1982. Then she wrote ''Sukhu Kahani'' which was based on witchcraft and it was published in Magazine ''Pajhra'' which was edited by [[Girdhari Ram Gonjhu]]. At that time only Master of Arts course was available in Nagpuri. Despite opposition from her family members, she studied Nagpuri in M.A. She wanted to do something for her language. When she was in M.A final, her written ''Sukhu Kahani'' was included in course. Then her work ''Pardesi Beta'' was published during her studies.<ref name="jagran">{{cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/ranchi-11143080.html|title=दादी की कहानियों ने बना दिया लेखक : शकुंतला मिश्र|website=jagran|date=7 March 2014|access-date=6 October 2022|language=Hindi}}</ref>

===Career===
She worked in Baldev Sahu Mahavidyalaya in [[Lohardaga]] for five years. Her maternal great-grandfather Pradumnath Pathak was a Nagpuri poet. His poetry was a subject of discussion in the family. His father Jageshwar Mishra encouraged her in writing. Then she started work in Nagpuri. She prepared a Nagpuri-Hindi dictionary. Then she wrote Nagpuri Vyakran, the grammar.
Her published story ''Sato Nadi Par'' was included in the Nagpuri Bachelor of Arts course. When she was student, no books were available in Nagpuri. The study of Nagpuri was conducted with manuscripts. She told Balu Kherwar who was raised in her house to collect manuscripts of different poets and writers. She published books by collecting manuscripts. In 2007, a shop was opened by name of Jharkhand Jharokha and selling of books started under the name of Jharkhand Jharokha publication. The publication published more than 100 books. The shop is notable for books in regional and tribal languages of Jharkhand.<ref name="jagran"/>

===Works===
Some of her prominent works are as follows.<ref name="jagran"/>
*''Nehak Doir''
*''Sukhu Kahani''
*''Nagpuri Sadani Vyakaran''
*''Sadani Nagpuri-Hindi Sabdkosh''
*''Sato Nadi Par''

==Awards==
She has been awarded ''Jharkhand Ratna'', ''Prernasrot Samman'' by Doordarshan Ranchi, ''Katha Samman'' by Govt. of Jharkhand, ''Bidushi Samman'' by Govt. of Bihar.<ref name="laharnews"/> In 2022, She was awarded ''Praful Samman'' by Nagpuri Bhasha Parishad which is given for excellent works in Nagpuri language.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/ranchi/story-full-respect-to-dr-shakuntala-mishra-and-ram-proper-singh-5698305.html|title=डॉ शकुंतला मिश्र व राम उचित सिंह को प्रफुल्ल सम्मान|publisher=livehindustan|date=13 January 2022|access-date=6 October 2022|language=Hindi}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/gumla-chatra-news-22453175.html|title=रामउचित सिंह व शकुंतला मिश्रा को मिला प्रफुल्ल सम्मान|publisher=jagran|date=9 February 2022|access-date=6 October 2022|language=Hindi}}</ref> she is an advocate for disability rights and inclusive education

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mishra, Shakuntala}}
[[Category:21st-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:People from Gumla district]]
[[Category:Nagpuri-language writers]]
[[Category:Nagpuria people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Remunda

2024-07-02T01:02:21Z

Vijaysakumedia: added references

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Remunda
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Odisha
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Orissa, India
| coordinates = {{coord|21.26|N|83.75|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Odisha, India|Odisha]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Bargarh district|Bargarh]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 45
| population_total = 6648
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Odia language|Odia]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 768103
| registration_plate = OD17
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Remunda''' (anglicised '''Rae/moon/da/''') is a village situated in [[Bargarh district]], around 30 km away from [[Bargarh]] city in [[Odisha, India|Odisha]] state in [[India]].<ref name="Proof of existence">{{cite web|url=http://www.remunda.com/|title=Remunda village India, state Orissa,|website=www.remunda.com}}</ref>
It has a population of 6,648 people (2011). This village is mainly a farmers' village. Remunda is home to one of the largest cooperative farming society. Dusehara Puja is the celebrated along with nuakhai as main festivals.

Odisha State is located on the eastern coast of India between [[Kolkata]] (Calcutta) and [[Chennai]] (Madras). The State of Odisha is like a bridge between the northern and southern halves of India, representing multifaceted synthesis. In Bargarh district, the [[Dhanu Jatra|Dhanu Yatra]] festival takes place every year around the last week of December or the first week of January.

==Geography and climate==
Remunda is situated at 21° 16' North Latitude 83° 45' Longitude and at an altitude of {{cvt|45|m}} above [[sea level]].

The village has a tropical climate, specifically a [[tropical wet and dry climate]]. The average temperatures range between a minimum of around 10 °C in the winter to a maximum of 40 °C to 45 °C in summer. Sudden afternoon thunderstorms are common in April and May. The south-west monsoons occur in June. The average annual rainfall is 154 cm, most of which is recorded between June and October.

==Cuisine==
Staple foods of local people are rice and vegetables.
The traditional Odia meal is generally spicy with a lot of vegetables.
Special delicacies include fish, prawn and crab in non-veg and dalma (a mix of vegetables and pulses) and sag (leaf vegetables).
Typical sweets local to remunda is jaau(rice pudding prepared with rice, jaggery and spices), chhenagaja, arisa pitha, Manda pitha, lastalia mitha.
Typical sweetmeats include Chhenapoda, Chhenajhilli, Rasabali (all made of milk) and Pitha (cakes).
Mahaprasad, the food of the Gods cooked by unique steaming process, is available at temples.
Green coconut water, a refreshing natural drink, is widely available.
Indian, Chinese and Continental food available in Hotels and Restaurants.

==Health==
In case of emergency, modern [[allopathic]], [[ayurvedic]] and [[homoeopathic]] medical care is available at Government Hospitals as well as private clinic / hospitals at remunda.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

* [http://www.remunda.com Official Remunda village page]
* [http://www.orissaforum.com Orissa Discussion Forum ]
* [http://www.gloriousindia.com/unleashed/place.php?id=174582&PHPSESSID=6f46dd59d5a63e7a58aad531fec30682 www.gloriousindia.com]

{{Bargarh district}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}

[[Category:Villages in Bargarh district]]

Tervada State

2023-08-13T14:10:55Z

Vijaysakumedia: new redirect

#REDIRECT [[Tervada#History]]

{{R with possibilities}}

[[Category:Princely states of Gujarat]]

Sindhu Central University, Ladakh

2023-06-23T13:22:34Z

Vijaysakumedia: redirect

#REDIRECT [[Sindhu Central University]]