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Begusarai Lok Sabha constituency

2026-05-08T10:14:07Z

User3465346:

{{Short description|Lok Sabha Constituency in Bihar}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| type = LS
| name = Begusarai Lok Sabha
| state = [[Bihar]]
| assembly_cons = [[Cheria-Bariarpur Assembly constituency|Cheria-Bariarpur]], [[Bachhwara Assembly constituency|Bachhwara]], [[Teghra Assembly constituency|Teghra]], [[Matihani Assembly constituency|Matihani]], [[Sahebpur Kamal Assembly constituency|Sahebpur Kamal]], [[Begusarai Assembly constituency|Begusarai]] and [[Bakhri Assembly constituency|Bakhri]]
| established = 1951
| reservation = None
| incumbent_image = Giriraj Singh addressing a press conference on the achievements of the Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises, during the last four years, in New Delhi (cropped).JPG
| mp = [[Giriraj Singh]] {{Small|[[Ministry of Textiles|Union Minister of Textiles]]}}
| party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
| preceded_by = [[Bhola Singh]]
| constituency_no =
| map_image =
| map_caption =
| electors = 21,96,089 (2024)
}}
'''Begusarai Lok Sabha constituency''' is one of the 40 [[Lok Sabha]] (parliamentary) constituencies in [[Bihar]] state in eastern [[India]].

==Assembly segments==
From the 2009 Lok Sabha elections, Begusarai Lok Sabha constituency comprises the following seven [[Vidhan Sabha]] (Legislative Assembly) segments:<ref name=commission>{{cite web|url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |title = Schedule – XIII of Constituencies Order, 2008 of Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008 of the Election Commission of India|work= Schedule VI Bihar, Part A – Assembly constituencies, Part B – Parliamentary constituencies |access-date = 2011-01-10 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
!#
!Name
!District
!Member
!colspan="2"| Party
!colspan="2"| 2024 lead
|-
|141
|[[Cheria-Bariarpur Assembly constituency|Cheria-Bariarpur]]
|rowspan="7"| [[Begusarai district|Begusarai]]
|Abhishek Anand
|{{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[Bharatiya Janata party|BJP]]
|-
|142
|[[Bachhwara Assembly constituency|Bachhwara]]
|[[Surendra Mehata]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}" |
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|-
|143
|[[Teghra Assembly constituency|Teghra]]
|[[Rajnish Kumar Singh]]
|{{Party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=5}}
|-
|144
|[[Matihani Assembly constituency|Matihani]]
|Narendra Kumar Singh
|{{Party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal|rowspan=2}}
|-
|145
|[[Sahebpur Kamal Assembly constituency|Sahebpur Kamal]]
|Satanand Sambuddha
|-
|146
|[[Begusarai Assembly constituency|Begusarai]]
|Kundan Kumar
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[Bharatiya Janata party|BJP]]
|-
|147
|[[Bakhri Assembly constituency|Bakhri]] (SC)
|Sanjay Kumar
|style="background-color: {{party color|Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)}}" |
|[[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP(RV)]]
|-
|}

==List of Members of Parliament==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Name
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
|[[1951–52 Indian general election|1952]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Mathura Prasad Mishra]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[1957 Indian general election|1957]]
|-
|[[1962 Indian general election|1962]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1967|1967]]
|[[Yogendra Sharma]]
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1971|1971]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Shyam Nandan Prasad Mishra|Shyam Nandan Mishra]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1977|1977]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1980|1980]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Krishna Sahi]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1984|1984]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1989|1989]]
|[[Lalit Vijay Singh]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1991|1991]]
|[[Krishna Sahi]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
|[[Ramendra Kumar (politician)|Ramendra Kumar]]
|{{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1998|1998]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Rajo Singh]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1999|1999]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 2004|2004]]
|[[Lalan Singh]]
| ROWSPAN="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal (United)}}" |
| rowspan="2"| [[Janata Dal (United)]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 2009|2009]]
|[[Monazir Hassan]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 2014|2014]]
|[[Bhola Singh]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 2019|2019]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Giriraj Singh]]
|-
|[[2024 lok sabha election|2024]]
|}

Source:<ref name="Election Commission of India">[http://archive.eci.gov.in/GE2004/States/index_fs.htm "Election Commission of India"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090131061850/http://archive.eci.gov.in/GE2004/States/index_fs.htm|date=January 31, 2009}}</ref><ref name="Lok Sabha Former Members">[http://164.100.47.134/newls/lokprev.aspx "Lok Sabha Former Members"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080616190202/http://164.100.47.134/newls/lokprev.aspx|date=2008-06-16}}</ref>

==Election results==
===2024===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Indian general election]]: Begusarai<ref name="Begusarai Constituency Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 - 2024">{{cite news |title=Begusarai Constituency Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 - 2024 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-constituencies/bihar/begusarai |accessdate=7 January 2026 |publisher=The Times of India |date=4 June 2024 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260107153631/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-constituencies/bihar/begusarai |archivedate=7 January 2026 |language=en}}</ref>}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[Giriraj Singh]]|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=6,49,331|percentage=50.15|change={{down}}6.33}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Awadhesh Kumar Rai]]|party=Communist Party of India|votes=5,67,851|percentage=43.86|change={{up}}21.83}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=22,382|percentage=1.73|change={{up}}0.06}}
{{Election box majority||votes=81,480|percentage=6.29|change={{down}}28.16}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=12,96,227|percentage=58.91|change={{down}}3.72}}
{{Election box hold with party link|winner=BJP|swing=}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2019 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Indian general elections]]: Begusarai}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Giriraj Singh]]|votes=6,92,193|percentage=56.48|change=+16.75}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Communist Party of India|candidate=[[Kanhaiya Kumar]]|votes=2,69,976|percentage=22.03|change=+ 4.15}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Rashtriya Janata Dal|candidate=Tanweer Hassan|votes=1,98,233|percentage=16.17|change=-18.15}}
{{Election box candidate|
|candidate = Saurabh
|party = [[Independent politician|IND.]]
|votes = 18,638
|percentage = 1.52
|change = ''New''
}}
{{Election box candidate|
|candidate = Shambhu Kumar Singh
|party = [[Independent politician|IND.]]
|votes = 10,019
|percentage = 0.82
|change = ''New''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the Above]]|votes=20,445|percentage=1.67|change=-0.80}}
{{Election box majority||votes=422,217|percentage=34.45|change=+29.04}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=12,26,503|percentage=62.63|change=+2.03}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
Sources:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://results.eci.gov.in/pc/en/constituencywise/ConstituencywiseS0424.htm?ac=24 |title=General Election 2019 - Election Commission of India |website=results.eci.gov.in |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526111405/http://results.eci.gov.in/pc/en/constituencywise/ConstituencywiseS0424.htm?ac=24 |archive-date=2019-05-26}} </ref><ref name="Begusarai Elections 2019">{{cite news |last1=Firstpost |date=2019 |title=Begusarai Elections 2019 |url=https://www.firstpost.com/lok-sabha-elections-2019/bihar/begusarai-election-result-2019-s04p24 |accessdate=10 September 2022 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910151230/https://www.firstpost.com/lok-sabha-elections-2019/bihar/begusarai-election-result-2019-s04p24 |archivedate=10 September 2022}}</ref>

===General Election 2014===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Indian general elections]]: Begusarai}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Bhola Singh|Dr. Bhola Singh]]|votes=4,28,227|percentage=39.73|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Tanweer Hassan|party=Rashtriya Janata Dal|votes=3,69,892|percentage=34.32|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Rajendra Prasad Singh|party=Communist Party of India|votes=1,92,639|percentage=17.87|change=-5.08}}
{{Election box candidate|
|candidate = Vaij Nath Paswan
|party = [[Independent politician|IND.]]
|votes = 12,143
|percentage = 1.13
|change = ''New''
}}
{{Election box candidate|
|candidate = Sushil Kumar
|party = [[Independent politician|IND.]]
|votes = 11,144
|percentage = 1.03
|change = ''New''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the Above]]|votes=26,622|percentage=2.47|change=''New''}}
{{Election box majority||votes=58,335|percentage=5.41|change=-0.28}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=10,77,855|percentage=60.60|change=+11.85}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = JDU
|swing = +11.09
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General Election 2009===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Indian general elections]]: Begusarai }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=Janata Dal (United)|candidate=[[Monazir Hassan|Dr. Monazir Hassan]]|votes=2,05,680|percentage=28.64|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Communist Party of India|candidate=Shatrughan Prasad Singh|votes=1,64,843|percentage=22.95|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Lok Janshakti Party|candidate=Anil Chaudhary|votes=1,21,786|percentage=16.96|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Amita Bhushan]]|votes=74,565|percentage=10.38|change=}}
{{Election box candidate|
|party = [[Independent (politician)|IND.]]
|candidate = Narendra Kumar Singh
|votes = 61,220
|percentage = 8.52
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate|
|party = [[Independent (politician)|IND.]]
|candidate = Ram Dayal Bharti
|votes = 21,389
|percentage = 2.98
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority||votes=40,837|percentage=5.69|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=7,18,265|percentage=48.75|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Janata Dal (United)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Begusarai District]]
* [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of Bihar}}
{{Munger Division topics}}
{{Bihar elections}}

{{coord|25.4|86.1|display=title}}

[[Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in Bihar]]
[[Category:Politics of Begusarai district]]

S. Sundararajan

2026-05-07T02:29:43Z

User3465346:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = S. Sundararajan
| office = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member]] of the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2 May 2021
| term_end = 4 May 2026
| constituency = [[Sankari Assembly constituency|Sankari]]
| party = [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| predecessor = S. Raja
| successor = [[S. Vetrivel]]
}}

'''S. Sundararajan''' is an Indian politician who is a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of Legislative Assembly]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. He was elected from [[Sankari Assembly constituency|Sankari]] as an [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] candidate in 2021.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title= Form 21E (Return of Election) |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211223080836/https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Form21E_TNLA2021/AC087.pdf |url= https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Form21E_TNLA2021/AC087.pdf|access-date= 2 May 2022 |archive-date=23 Dec 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=sankari Election Result |url= https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2021/tamil-nadu/-s22a087|access-date= 2 May 2022}}</ref>

== Elections contested ==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Election
! Constituency
! Party
! Result
! Vote %
! Runner-up
! Runner-up Party
! Runner-up vote %
! Ref.
|- style="background:#cfc;"
|bgcolor=#98FB98 | [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]] || [[Sankari Assembly constituency|Sankari]]|| [[ADMK]] || Won ||49.72% || K. M. Rajesh|| [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]] || 41.09%|| <ref name=":0" />
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sundararajan, S}}
[[Category:Tamil Nadu MLAs 2021–2026]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam politicians]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{AIADMK-politician-stub}}
{{TamilNadu-politician-stub}}

SSS Hubballi–MGR Chennai Central Superfast Express

2026-05-04T15:31:25Z

User3465346: creating a details!

{{Short description|Train in India}}
{{Orphan|date=January 2019}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox rail service
| name = SSS Hubballi–MGR Chennai Central Superfast Express
| image =
| image_width =
| caption =
| type = [[Express trains in India|Superfast]]
| locale =
| first = {{start date and age|df=yes|2003|05|24}}
| last =
| operator = [[South Western Railway zone|South Western Railway]]
| ridership =
| start = {{stnlnk|Hubballi Junction}} (UBL)
| stops = 16
| end = {{stnlnk|Chennai Central}} (MAS)
| distance = {{convert|830|km|0|abbr=on}}
| journeytime = 15h 15m
| frequency = Weekly {{efn|Runs one day in a week for every direction.}}
| class = AC first, AC 2 tier, AC 3 tier, Sleeper class, General Unreserved
| seating = Yes
| sleeping = Yes
| autorack =
| catering = On-board catering, E-catering
| observation = Large windows
| entertainment = No
| baggage = No
| otherfacilities = Below the seats
| stock = [[LHB coach]]
| gauge = {{track gauge|1676mm|al=on|allk=on}}
| electrification =
| trainnumber = 22697 / 22698
| speed = {{convert|54|km/h|0|abbr=on}} average including halts.
| map =
| map_state =
}}

The 22697 / 22698 '''SSS Hubballi–MGR Chennai Central Superfast Express''' is a [[Superfast Express trains in India|Superfast]] train belonging to [[South Western Railway zone]] that runs between {{stnlnk|Hubballi Junction}} and {{stnlnk|Chennai Central}} in India. It is currently being operated with 22697/22698 train numbers on a weekly basis.<ref>[http://www.sr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&id=0,4,268&dcd=4420&did=1469609086176FCB1F8A97A2A3A7F231FAD3773EC595A.web103 PERMANENT AUGMENTATION OF TRAINS]</ref><ref>[http://www.swr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&id=0,4,268&dcd=1424&did=1469507887547028449B149540190795F9EA3D532BC53.web107 LINE BLOCK AT KRANTIVIRA SANGOLLI RAYANNA (BENGALURU) STATION]</ref><ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hubballi/Train-composition-revised/articleshow/52197883.cms Train composition revised]</ref>

== Service==

The 22697/Hubballi–Chennai Central Superfast Express has an average speed of 54 km/h and covers 831 km in 15h 30m. The 22698/Chennai Central–Hubballi Superfast Express has an average speed of 54 km/h and covers 831 km in 15h 20m.

== Route and halts ==

The important halts of the train are:

* {{stnlnk|Hubballi Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Davangere}}
* {{stnlnk|Arsikere Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Tumakuru}}
* {{stnlnk|Yesvantpur Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Banaswadi}}
* {{stnlnk|Krishnarajapuram}}
* {{stnlnk|Bangarapet Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Jolarpettai Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Katpadi Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Arakkonam Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Perambur}}
* {{stnlnk|Chennai Central}}

==Coach composition==

The train has standard ICF rakes with a maximum speed of 110 km/h. The train consists of 16 coaches:

* 1 AC II Tier
* 2 AC III Tier
* 7 Sleeper coaches
* 4 General Unreserved
* 2 Seating cum Luggage Rake

== Traction==

Both trains are hauled by a [[Diesel Loco Shed, Hubballi|Hubballi Loco Shed]] based [[WAP-7]] from {{stnlnk|Hubballi Junction}} to {{stnlnk|Chennai Central}} and vice versa

==Direction reversal==

The train reverses its direction once:

* {{stnlnk|Yesvantpur Junction}}

== See also ==

* [[Chennai Central railway station]]
* [[Hubli Junction railway station]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==

{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://indiarailinfo.com/train/312 22697/Hubballi - Chennai Central Superfast Express] India Rail Info
* [https://indiarailinfo.com/train/666 22698/Chennai Central - Hubballi Superfast Express] India Rail Info

{{Railways in Southern India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hubballi-Chennai Central Superfast Express}}
[[Category:Transport in Chennai]]
[[Category:Transport in Hubli-Dharwad]]
[[Category:Superfast Express trains]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Railway services introduced in 2003]]

{{India-express-train-stub}}

Samreen Kaur

2026-05-01T09:55:25Z

User3465346: put up the info more to come!

{{Short description|Indian actress and model (born 1999)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Samreen Kaur
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date = 7 September 1999 (age 26)
| birth_place = Jammu and Kashmir, India
| occupation = {{hlist|Actress|model}}
| years_active = 2018–present
| title = Miss India Jammu & Kashmir (2018)
}}

'''Samreen Kaur''' (born 7 September 1999) is an Indian actress and model known for her appearances in Hindi and Punjabi music videos and films. She is best known for her roles in ''[[Sardaar Ji 2]]'' (2016), ''[[Nail Polish (film)|Nail Polish]]'' (2021), and ''[[83 (film)|83]]'' (2021),<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ganguly |first=Dharitri |date=2025-02-09 |title=Actor Samreen Kaur on navigating Bollywood's way through the digital revolution! |url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/entertainment/cinema/2025/Feb/09/actor-samreen-kaur-on-navigating-bollywoods-way-through-the-digital-revolution |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=Indulgexpress |language=en}}</ref> as well as her appearances in several popular music videos by artists such as [[Badshah (rapper)|Badshah]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Samreen Kaur shares her excitement on working with Badshah |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/entertainment/samreen-kaur-shares-her-excitement-on-working-with-badshah-290796/ |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=The Tribune |language=en}}</ref> [[Guru Randhawa]], and [[Maninder Buttar]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vashist |first=Neha |date=2021-08-21 |title=Samreen Kaur: I would love to share the screen with Satinder Sartaaj |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/music/samreen-kaur-i-would-love-to-share-the-screen-with-satinder-sartaaj/articleshow/85512655.cms |access-date=2025-08-23 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Samreen Kaur was born in 1999 in [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Rahul |title=Samreen Kaur Reveals She Got Her First Film Offer In 12th Grade |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/latest-news/samreen-kaur-reveals-she-got-her-first-film-offer-in-12th-grade |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref> Her mother is a government college professor, and her father is a businessman in the educational supplies sector. She has a younger brother named Rajveer. Kaur completed her B.Com. (Honours) degree at Symbiosis College of Arts and Commerce in Pune. Initially, she planned to join her father's business before pursuing a career in modelling and acting.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=2025-06-26 |title=Miss India 2018 contestant Samreen Kaur shines bright in Bollywood |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/miss-india-2018-contestant-samreen-kaur-shines-bright-in-bollywood/articleshow/122047853.cms |access-date=2025-08-23 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Her first acting offer came while she was in the 12th grade at the age of 17, but her father declined it due to her young age at the time.<ref name=":1" />

== Career ==
=== Modelling and pageants ===
Kaur began her career as a model, participating in ramp walks and TV commercials.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-12-29 |title=Samreen Kaur |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/samreen-kaur/articleshow/88558882.cms |access-date=2025-08-23 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> In 2018, she auditioned for the [[Femina Miss India 2018|Femina Miss India]] beauty pageant and was selected as a state finalist representing [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sinha |first=Kumar Raviraj |date=2021-07-31 |title=I would love to do woman-centric film and play a strong character: Actor Samreen Kaur |url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/interview/i-would-love-to-do-woman-centric-film-and-play-a-strong-character-actor-samreen-kaur |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=National Herald |language=en}}</ref>

=== Acting ===
Kaur made her film debut in ''[[83 (film)|83]]'' (2021), a sports drama directed by [[Kabir Khan (director)|Kabir Khan]] and starring [[Ranveer Singh]]. She later appeared as Charu Raina in ''[[Nail Polish (film)|Nail Polish]]'' (2021), a legal thriller released on [[ZEE5]], starring [[Arjun Rampal]] and [[Manav Kaul]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Samreen Kaur 'Shocked' as IMDb Movie List Credits Her with Tara Sutaria's Mother's Role in Movie |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/samreen-kaur-shocked-as-imdb-movie-list-credits-her-with-tara-sutarias-mothers-role-in-movie-4020950.html |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> She also acted in the Punjabi-language film ''[[Sardaar Ji 2]]''.<ref name=":2" />

In 2024, she featured in the music film ''Ishq''.<ref name=":0" />

=== Media appearances ===
2025, during [[Jackson Wang]]’s visit to India, Samreen Kaur accompanied him as he explored Mumbai’s street food and traditional cultural experiences.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sen |first=Srijita |title=Exclusive: "Felt Like A Friendship Unfolding"- Samreen Kaur On Exploring Mumbai With Jackson Wang {{!}} Filmfare.com |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/exclusive-felt-like-a-friendship-unfolding-samreen-kaur-on-exploring-mumbai-with-jackson-wang-74856.html |access-date=2025-08-23 |website=www.filmfare.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Language
|-
|2016
|''[[Sardaar Ji 2]]''
|Shiney
|[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2021
|''[[Nail Polish (film)|Nail Polish]]''
|Charu Raina
| rowspan="2" |[[Hindi]]
|-
|''[[83 (film)|83]]''
|Simran
|-
|}

== Music videos ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Title
!Artist(s)
|-
| rowspan="2" |2020
|''Botal Free''
|[[Jordan Sandhu]]
|-
|''Yaara Tere Warga''
|[[Jass Manak]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |2021
|''Mombattiyaan''
|[[Maninder Buttar]]
|-
|''Tujhe Bhoolna Toh Chaaha''
|[[Jubin Nautiyal]]
|-
|''Baawla''
|[[Badshah (rapper)|Badshah]] ft. Uchana Amit
|-
| rowspan="3" |2024
|''Harjayi Ve''
|Harsh Kargeti, [[Afsana Khan]]
|-
|''Damn Serious''
|Punjabi single
|-
|''Ishq'' (Music film)
|Faheem Abdullah
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|nm10684771}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kaur, Samreen}}
[[Category:2001 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses from Jammu and Kashmir]]

1951–52 Indian general election in Madras State

2026-04-30T13:21:35Z

User3465346: made post.

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{For|State Assembly election|1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = Indian general election in Madras, 1951
| country = India
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election =
| previous_year =
| next_election =
| next_year = [[1957 Indian general election in Madras|1957 (Madras)]] → [[1957 Indian general election in Andhra Pradesh|1957 (AP)]] → [[1957 Indian general election in Kerala|1957 (Kerala)]] → [[1957 Indian general election in Mysore|1957 (Mysore)]]
| election_date = November 1951
| seats_for_election = 75 (of 489) seats in the [[Lok Sabha]]
| registered = 26,980,961
| turnout = 15,198,376 (56.33%)
| image1 = [[File:K Kamaraj 1976 stamp of India (cropped).jpg|130x130px]]
| leader1 = [[K. Kamaraj]]
| party1 = Indian National Congress
| leaders_seat1 = [[Srivilliputhur]]
| seats1 = '''35'''
| seat_change1 =
| popular_vote1 = '''7,253,452'''
| percentage1 = '''36.39%'''
| swing1 =
| image2 = [[File:AK Gopalan 1990 stamp of India.jpg|130x130px]]
| leader2 = [[A. K. Gopalan]]
| leaders_seat2 = [[Kannur Lok Sabha constituency|Cannanore]]
| party2 = Communist Party of India
| seats2 = 8
| seat_change2 =
| popular_vote2 = 1,783,407
| percentage2 = 8.95%
| swing2 =
| map_image = Madras in India (1951).svg
| map_size = 200px
| map_caption = [[Madras state]]
| title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| before_election = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
| before_party = Indian National Congress
| after_election = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
| after_party = Indian National Congress
}}
The [[1951–52 Indian general election]] was the first democratic national election held in [[India]] after Independence, and the polls in [[Madras state]] were held for 62 constituencies with 75 seats. This State had the second largest number of seats, after [[Uttar Pradesh]]. The result was a victory for [[Indian National Congress]] winning 35 out of the 75 seats. While the remaining seats were won by left and independent parties, opposed to Congress. However, Congress stalwarts such as [[N. G. Ranga]], [[Durgabai Deshmukh]], and [[Mosalikanti Thirumala Rao]] lost in that election from the Telugu-speaking areas then referred as ''Andhra''. Congress lost in 22 out of the 28 seats (from 23 constituencies) in majority [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-speaking areas (i.e. Andhra region). Reason for the poor performance in Andhra region was attributed to the party's delay in the formation of a separate State for Telugu people. It eventually led to the formation of the [[Andhra State]] in 1953 and later the ''[[States Reorganisation Act, 1956|linguistic reorganization of Indian states]]'' in 1956 where [[Kannada]] and [[Malayalam]] majority speaking areas were merged with [[Mysore State|Mysore]] and [[Kerala]] States respectively.

==Voting and results==

===Results by Alliance===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-weight: bold; font-size: x-small; font-family: verdana"
! style="background-color:#007D48; color:white"|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
! style="background-color:#007D48; color:white"|SEATS
! style="background-color:#FF0000; color:white"|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
! style="background-color:#FF0000; color:white"|SEATS
! style="background-color:#DDDDDD; color:white"|OTHERS
! style="background-color:#DDDDDD; color:white"|SEATS
|----
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|35
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|8
|[[Independent (politician)|IND]]
|15
|----
|
|
|
|
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|5
|----
|
|
|
|
|Others
|12
|----
| bgcolor=#E6FFE6|TOTAL (1951)
| bgcolor=#E6FFE6|35
| bgcolor=#FFE6E6|TOTAL (1951)
| bgcolor=#FFE6E6|8
| bgcolor=#DDDDDD|TOTAL (1951)
| bgcolor=#DDDDDD|32
|}

* Independent parties are local state parties, that are unrecognised nationally

===Results by Parties===
{{Election results
|party1=[[Indian National Congress]]|votes1=7253452|seats1=35
|party2=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes2=1783407|seats2=8
|party3=[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party]]|votes3=1952197|seats3=6
|party4=[[Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party]]|votes4=889292|seats4=4
|party5=[[Commonweal Party]]|votes5=325398|seats5=3
|party6=[[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|Socialist Party]]|votes6=1055423|seats6=2
|party7=[[All India Forward Bloc|Forward Bloc (Marxist Group)]]|votes7=332196|seats7=1
|party8=[[Indian Union Muslim League]]|votes8=79470|seats8=1
|party9=[[Independent politician|Independents]]|votes9=4614210|seats9=15
|party10=Others (7parties)|votes10=1649116|seats10=0
|valid=15063841
|invalid=134535
|electorate=26980961
}}

===Results by Linguistic areas===
===Results by Tamil-majority constituencies===
These were 31 constituencies with 38 seats, namely [[Chennai South Lok Sabha constituency|Madras]], [[Thiruvallur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Thiruvallur]] (2 seats), [[Chengalpattu (Lok Sabha constituency)|Chengalpattu]], [[Kancheepuram (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kancheepuram]], [[Vellore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Vellore]] (2 seats), [[Vandavasi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Vandavasi]], [[Krishnagiri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Krishnagiri]], [[Dharmapuri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dharmapuri]], [[Salem (Lok Sabha constituency)|Salem]], [[Erode (Lok Sabha constituency)|Erode]] (2 seats), [[Tiruchengode (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tiruchengode]], [[Tiruppur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tiruppur]], [[Pollachi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Pollachi]], [[Coimbatore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Coimbatore]], [[Pudukkottai (Lok Sabha constituency)|Pudukkottai]], [[Perambalur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Perambalur]], [[Tiruchirappalli (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tiruchirappalli]], [[Thanjavur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Thanjavur]], [[Kumbakonam (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kumbakonam]], [[Mayuram (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mayuram]] (2 seats), [[Cuddalore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Cuddalore]] (2 seats), [[Tindivanam (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tindivanam]] (2 seats), [[Tirunelveli (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tirunelveli]], Srivaikuntam, Sankaranainarkoil, Aruppukottai, [[Ramanathapuram (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ramanathapuram]], Srivilliputhur, [[Madurai (Lok Sabha constituency)|Madurai]] (2 seats), [[Periyakulam (Lok Sabha constituency)|Periyakulam]] and [[Dindigul (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dindigul]]. Madras constituency had significant Telugu population.

{{Election results
|party1=[[Indian National Congress]]|votes1=4119799|seats1=26
|party2=[[Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party]]|votes2=872418|seats2=4
|party3=[[Commonweal Party]]|votes3=302889|seats3=2
|party4=[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party]]|votes4=455499|seats4=1
|party5=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes5=487555|seats5=1
|party6=[[All India Forward Bloc|Forward Block (Marxist Group)]]|votes6=235938|seats6=1
|party7=[[Independent politician|Independents]]|votes7=2448591|seats7=3
|party8=Others|votes8=892360|seats8=0
|valid=7208237
|invalid=64377
|electorate=13726706
}}

===Results by Telugu-majority constituencies===
These were 23 constituencies with 28 seats, namely Pathapatnam, [[Srikakulam Lok Sabha constituency|Srikakulam]], [[Vizianagaram Lok Sabha constituency|Vizianagaram]], [[Visakhapatnam Lok Sabha constituency|Visakhapatnam]] (2 seats), [[Kakinada Lok Sabha constituency|Kakinada]], [[Rajahmundry Lok Sabha constituency|Rajahmundry]] (2 seats), [[Eluru Lok Sabha constituency|Eluru]] (2 seats), [[Machilipatnam Lok Sabha constituency|Masulipatnam]], Gudivada, [[Vijayawada Lok Sabha constituency|Vijayawada]], [[Tenali Lok Sabha constituency|Tenali]], [[Guntur Lok Sabha constituency|Guntur]], [[Narasaraopet Lok Sabha constituency|Narasaraopet]], [[Ongole Lok Sabha constituency|Ongole]] (2 seats), [[Nellore Lok Sabha constituency|Nellore]], [[Nandyal Lok Sabha constituency|Nandyal]], [[Kurnool Lok Sabha constituency|Kurnool]], [[Anantapur Lok Sabha constituency|Anantapur]], [[Kadapa Lok Sabha constituency|Cuddapah]], [[Chittoor (Lok Sabha constituency)|Chittoor]] (2 seats) and [[Tirupati Lok Sabha constituency|Tirupati]].

Congress stalwarts such as [[N. G. Ranga]], [[Durgabai Deshmukh]], and [[Mosalikanti Thirumala Rao]] lost in that election. Reason for the poor performance of Congress in Telugu-speaking areas both in general then referred as ''Andhra'' was attributed to their delay in the formation of a separate state for Telugu people. It eventually led to the formation of the '''[[Andhra state]]''' in 1953 and later the [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956|linguistic reorganization of Indian States]] in 1956.

{{Election results
|party1=[[Indian National Congress]]|votes1=2299670|seats1=7
|party2=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes2=1067618|seats2=6
|party3=[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party]]|votes3=882126|seats3=2
|party4=[[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|Socialist Party]]|votes4=430208|seats4=2
|party5=[[Independent politician|Independents]]|votes5=1870766|seats5=11
|party6=Others|votes6=1224459|seats6=0
|valid=6068222
|invalid=54196
|electorate=10058378
}}

===Results by Kannada-majority constituencies===
These were 3 constituencies with 3 seats, namely [[Bellary Lok Sabha constituency|Bellary]], [[South Kanara (North) Lok Sabha constituency|South Kanara (North)]] and [[South Kanara (South) Lok Sabha constituency|South Kanara South]]. However, Bellary constituency had significant Telugu minority population.

{{Election results
|party1=[[Indian National Congress]]|votes1=319717|seats1=3
|party2=[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party]]|votes2=174046|seats2=0
|party3=[[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|Socialist Party]]|votes3=36371|seats3=0
|party4=[[Independent politician|Independents]]|votes4=116319|seats4=0
|valid=646453
|invalid=5774
|electorate=1043246
}}

===Results by Malayalam-majority constituencies===
These were 5 constituencies with 6 seats, namely [[Kannur Lok Sabha constituency|Cannanore]], Tellicherry, [[Kozhikode Lok Sabha constituency|Kozhikode]], [[Malappuram Lok Sabha constituency|Malappuram]] and [[Ponnani (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ponnani]] (2 seats).

{{Election results
|party1=[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party]]|votes1=440526|seats1=3
|party2=[[Indian National Congress]]|votes2=537775|seats2=1
|party3=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes3=228234|seats3=1
|party4=[[Indian Union Muslim League|Muslim League]]|votes4=79470|seats4=1
|party5=[[Independent politician|Independents]]|votes5=182652|seats5=0
|party6=Others|votes6=229155|seats6=0
|valid=1310669
|invalid=10188
|electorate=2152621
|}}

== List of Elected MPs ==
Telugu speaking areas had 28 seats from 23 constituencies (constituency serial numbers 1 to 24 except 19), Tamil speaking areas had 38 seats from 31 constituencies (constituency serial numbers 25 to 55), Kannada speaking areas had 3 seats from 3 (constituency serial numbers 19, 56 and 57) and Malayalam speaking areas had 6 seats from 5 constituencies (constituency numbers 58 to 62). Kannada-majority Bellary and Tamil-majority Madras has significant Telugu populations.
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!colspan="2" rowspan="2"|Constituency
! rowspan="2" |{{abbr|NoS|No. of Seats}}
! colspan="5" |Winner
! colspan="5" |Runner-up
! colspan="2" |Margin
|-
!Candidate
! colspan="2" |Party
! data-sort-type=number | Votes
! data-sort-type=number | %
!Candidate
! colspan="2" |Party
!data-sort-type=number | Votes
!data-sort-type=number | %
!data-sort-type=number | Votes
!data-sort-type=number | %
|-
!1
|Pathapatnam
|1
|V. V. Giri
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|50,084
|29.87
|Madusudana Jagadev Raja Bahadur
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|43,689
|26.06
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|6,395
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|3.81
|-
!2
|[[Srikakulam Lok Sabha constituency|Srikakulam]]
|1
|Boddapalli Rajagopala Rao
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|51,992
|28.00
|Pasupati Lakshmi Narsinha Raju
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|42,593
|22.94
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|9,399
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|5.06
|-
!3
|[[Parvathipuram Lok Sabha constituency|Parvathipuram]]
|1
|N. Rama Seshiah
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|67,124
|33.87
|Senapathi Sitharama Patrudu
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|55,279
|27.90
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|11,845
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|5.97
|-
!4
|[[Vizianagaram Lok Sabha constituency|Vizianagaram]]
|1
|Kandala Subramaniam
|{{Party color cell|Socialist Party (India)}}
|[[Socialist Party (India, 2011)|SP]]
|1,12,096
|61.64
|Pasumarihi Veerabhadraswami
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|27,541
|15.14
|style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party (India)}} ; color:white;"|84,555
|style="background:{{party color|Socialist Party (India)}} ; color:white;"|46.50
|-
!5
|[[Visakhapatnam Lok Sabha constituency|Visakhapatnam]]
|2
|Lanka Sundaram
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|1,40,718
|41.45
|K. Subbaraju
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,24,102
|36.56
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!6
|[[Kakinada Lok Sabha constituency|Kakinada]]
|1
|Chelikani Venkata Rama Rao
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|85,901
|39.08
|Moslakanti Tirumal Rao
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|59,540
|27.08
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;"|26,361
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;"|12.00
|-
!7
|[[Rajahmundry Lok Sabha constituency|Rajahmundry]]
|2
|Kaneti Mohana Rao
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|1,47,706
|16.41
|Nalla Reddi Naidu
|{{Party color cell|Socialist Party (India)}}
|[[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|SP]]
|1,46,331
|16.26
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!8
|[[Eluru Lok Sabha constituency|Eluru]]
|2
|K. Subha Rao
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|1,87,822
|18.77
|B. S. Murthy
|{{Party color cell|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|1,64,671
|16.46
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!9
|[[Masulipatnam Lok Sabha constituency|Masulipatnam]]
|1
|Sanka Butehikottaiah
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|1,24,101
|48.91
|K. Venkata Ramayya
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|77,250
|30.45
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;"|46,851
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;"|18.46
|-
!10
|Gudivada
|1
|K. Gopala Rao
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|1,42,537
|51.51
|Duggirala Balaramakrishniah
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|86,785
|31.36
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;"|55,752
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;"|20.15
|-
!11
|[[Vijayawada Lok Sabha constituency|Vijayawada]]
|1
|Harindranath Chattopadhyaya
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|1,24,320
|46.97
|Rajyam Sinha
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|49,396
|18.66
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|74,924
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|28.31
|-
!12
|[[Tenali Lok Sabha constituency|Tenali]]
|1
|Kotha Raghuramiah
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,03,126
|39.70
|Koratala Satyanarayana
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|1,01,738
|39.16
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|1,388
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|0.54
|-
!13
|[[Guntur Lok Sabha constituency|Guntur]]
|1
|S. V. Laxmi Narasimham
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|79,350
|31.18
|N. G. Ranga
|{{Party color cell|Krishikar Lok Party}}
|[[Krishikar Lok Party|KLP]]
|61,833
|24.30
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|17,517
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|6.88
|-
!14
|[[Narasaraopet Lok Sabha constituency|Narasaraopet]]
|1
|Chapalamadugu Ramiah Chowdry
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|78,332
|36.19
|Nandala Anjaneyulu Reddi
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|48,396
|22.36
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|29,936
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|13.83
|-
!15
|[[Ongole Lok Sabha constituency|Ongole]]
|2
|M. Nanadass
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|1,52,472
|21.06
|P. Venkataraghaviah
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|1,26,292
|17.45
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!16
|[[Nellore Lok Sabha constituency|Nellore]]
|1
|Bezwada Ramachandra Reddy
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|67,582
|32.65
|Vennalakurthi Raghavaiah
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|65,795
|31.78
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|1,787
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|0.87
|-
!17
|[[Nandyal Lok Sabha constituency|Nandyal]]
|1
|Seshagiri Rao
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|67,905
|27.74
|Sura Rami Reddy
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|61,301
|25.04
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|6,604
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|2.70
|-
!18
|[[Kurnool Lok Sabha constituency|Kurnool]]
|1
|H. Sitharama Reddy
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|70,887
|36.50
|Y. Gadilingana Goud
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|57,874
|29.80
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|13,013
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|6.70
|-
!19
|[[Bellary Lok Sabha constituency|Bellary]]
|1
|T. Subrahmanyam
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,24,976
|56.91
|Y. Mahabaleshwarappa
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|94,615
|43.09
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|30,361
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|13.82
|-
!20
|[[Anantapur Lok Sabha constituency|Anantapur]]
|1
|Paidi Lakshmayya
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|85,187
|39.45
|Pamidi Bayapa Reddi
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|76,187
|35.28
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|9,000
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|4.17
|-
!21
|Penukonda
|1
|K. S. Raghavachari
|{{Party color cell|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|1,09,408
|50.27
|Kalluri Subba Rao
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|85,098
|39.10
|style="background:{{party color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}} ; color:white;"|24,310
|style="background:{{party color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}} ; color:white;"|11.17
|-
!22
|[[Kadapa Lok Sabha constituency|Cuddapah]]
|1
|Eswara Reddi Yeddula
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|85,125
|35.47
|P. Basi Reddy
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|66,658
|27.78
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;"|18,467
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;"|7.69
|-
!23
|[[Chittoor Lok Sabha constituency|Chittoor]]
|2
|T. N. Vishwanatha Reddi
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,61,590
|20.49
|M. V. Gangadara Siva
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,51,082
|19.16
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!24
|[[Tirupati Lok Sabha constituency|Tirupati]]
|1
|M. Ananthasayanam Ayyanagar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,14,782
|51.35
|N. Venkataram Naidu
|{{Party color cell|Krishikar Lok Party}}
|[[Krishikar Lok Party|KLP]]
|1,08,745
|48.65
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|6,037
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|2.70
|-
!25
|Madras
|1
|T. T. Krishnamachari
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|79,431
|40.66
|Balasubramanya
|{{Party color cell|Justice Party (India)}}
|[[Justice Party (India)|JUSP]]
|63,254
|32.38
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|16,177
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|8.28
|-
!26
|[[Tiruvallur Lok Sabha constituency|Tiruvallur]]
|2
|Margatham Chandrasekar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,10,265
|17.89
|P. Natesan
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|90,340
|14.66
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!27
|[[Chengalpattu Lok Sabha constituency|Chingleput]]
|1
|O. V. Alagesan
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|55,102
|36.53
|A. R. L. Pathy
|{{Party color cell|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|39,857
|26.42
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|15,245
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|10.11
|-
!28
|[[Kancheepuram Lok Sabha constituency|Kancheepuram]]
|1
|A. Krishnaswami
|{{Party color cell|Commonweal Party}}
|[[Commonweal Party|CWL]]
|1,11,233
|55.63
|T. Chengalvarayan
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|88,724
|44.37
|style="background:{{party color|Commonweal Party}} ; color:black;"|22,509
|style="background:{{party color|Commonweal Party}} ; color:black;"|11.26
|-
!29
|[[Vellore Lok Sabha constituency|Vellore]]
|2
|Muthukrishnan
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,39,448
|20.89
|Ramachander
|{{Party color cell|Commonweal Party}}
|[[Commonweal Party|CWL]]
|1,18,154
|17.70
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!30
|[[Vandavasi Lok Sabha constituency|Wandiwash]]
|1
|Munisami
|{{Party color cell|Commonweal Party}}
|[[Commonweal Party|CWL]]
|96,011
|54.09
|Ramachandra Reddy
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|68,498
|38.59
|style="background:{{party color|Commonweal Party}} ; color:black;"|27,513
|style="background:{{party color|Commonweal Party}} ; color:black;"|15.50
|-
!31
|[[Krishnagiri Lok Sabha constituency|Krishnagiri]]
|1
|C. R. Narasimhan
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|61,672
|41.88
|C. Doraisami Gounder
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|55,478
|37.68
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|6,194
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|4.20
|-
!32
|[[Dharmapuri Lok Sabha constituency|Dharmapuri]]
|1
|N. Satyanathan
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|66,216
|35.69
|K. Subramanian
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|61,570
|33.18
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|4,646
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|2.51
|-
!33
|[[Salem Lok Sabha constituency|Salem]]
|1
|S. V. Ramaswami
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|90,570
|44.44
|Konnu Rao Sahaib S. Durai Konnu Pillai
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|79,705
|39.11
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|10,865
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|5.33
|-
!34
|[[Erode Lok Sabha constituency|Erode]]
|2
|Balakrishnan
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,69,708
|21.68
|Periasami Gounder
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,54,527
|19.74
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!35
|[[Tiruchengode Lok Sabha constituency|Tiruchengode]]
|1
|S. K. Baby alias Kandaswami
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|95,664
|54.78
|Dr. P. Subbaroyan
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|78,973
|45.22
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|16,691
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|9.56
|-
!36
|[[Tiruppur Lok Sabha constituency|Tiruppur]]
|1
|T. S. Avinashilingam Chettiar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,17,630
|56.45
|Venkatachalam
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|90,745
|43.55
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|26,885
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|12.90
|-
!37
|[[Pollachi Lok Sabha constituency|Pollachi]]
|1
|Damodaram
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|93,405
|44.40
|Krisnabai Nimbkar Vasudev
|{{Party color cell|Socialist Party (India)}}
|[[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|SP]]
|46,744
|22.22
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|46,661
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|22.18
|-
!38
|[[Coimbatore Lok Sabha constituency|Coimbatore]]
|1
|T. A. Ramalinga Chettiar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|colspan="9"|''Won Uncontested''
|-
!39
|[[Pudukkottai Lok Sabha constituency|Pudukkottai]]
|1
|K. M. Vallatharsu
|{{Party color cell|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|1,02,404
|53.42
|V. Ramaiah Servai
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|89,293
|46.58
|style="background:{{party color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}} ; color:white;"|13,111
|style="background:{{party color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}} ; color:white;"|6.84
|-
!40
|[[Perambalur Lok Sabha constituency|Perambalur]]
|1
|V. Boorarangaswami Pandayachi
|{{Party color cell|Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party}}
|[[Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party|TNT]]
|84,332
|37.34
|R. Krishnaswami Reddiar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|65,443
|28.98
|style="background:{{party color|Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party}} ; color:white;"|18,889
|style="background:{{party color|Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party}} ; color:white;"|8.36
|-
!41
|[[Tiruchirappalli Lok Sabha constituency|Tiruchirappalli]]
|1
|E. Mathuram
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|94,184
|43.82
|N. Halasyam
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|77,007
|35.83
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|17,177
|style="background:{{party color|Independent}} ; color:black;"|7.99
|-
!42
|[[Thanjavur Lok Sabha constituency|Tanjore]]
|1
|R. Venkataraman
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|92,483
|45.85
|R. Srinivasa Sarma
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|87,476
|43.36
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|5,007
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|2.49
|-
!43
|[[Kumbakonam Lok Sabha constituency|Kumbakonam]]
|1
|C. Ramaswamy Mudaliar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|95,433
|41.59
|Ramaiah
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|62,124
|27.07
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|33,309
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|14.52
|-
!44
|[[Mayuram Lok Sabha constituency|Mayuram]]
|2
|K. Ananda Nambiar
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|1,98,743
|22.49
|K. Santhanam
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,89,089
|21.40
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!45
|[[Cuddalore Lok Sabha constituency|Cuddalore]]
|2
|Govindaswamy Kachirayar
|{{Party color cell|Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party}}
|[[Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party|TNT]]
|1,86,894
|25.26
|Kanakasabai
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,64,985
|22.30
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!46
|[[Tindivanam Lok Sabha constituency|Tindivanam]]
|2
|A. Jayaraman
|{{Party color cell|Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party}}
|[[Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party|TNT]]
|2,20,670
|27.95
|V. Muniswami
|{{Party color cell|Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party}}
|[[Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party|TNT]]
|2,14,772
|27.20
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!47
|[[Tirunelveli Lok Sabha constituency|Tirunelveli]]
|1
|Thanu Pillai
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|86,077
|44.32
|Athimoolam
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|71,871
|37.01
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|14,206
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|7.31
|-
!48
|Srivaikuntam
|1
|A. V. Thomas
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,07,338
|62.31
|M. M. Subramanian
|{{Party color cell|Socialist Party (India)}}
|[[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|SP]]
|64,916
|37.69
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|42,422
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|24.62
|-
!49
|Sankaranainarkoil
|1
|M. Sankarapandian
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|96,577
|39.11
|Ahmad Ibrahim
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|92,459
|37.44
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|4,118
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|1.67
|-
!50
|Aruppukottai
|1
|U. Muthuramalinga Thevar
|{{Party color cell|Marxist Forward Bloc}}
|[[Marxist Forward Bloc|MFB]]
|90,512
|45.09
|M. Gulam Mohideen
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|70,724
|35.23
|style="background:{{party color|Marxist Forward Bloc}} ; color:white;"|19,788
|style="background:{{party color|Marxist Forward Bloc}} ; color:white;"|9.86
|-
!51
|[[Ramanathapuram Lok Sabha constituency|Ramanathapuram]]
|1
|V. Vr. N. Ar. Nagappa Chettiar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,09,110
|56.36
|T. Sundaram
|{{Party color cell|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|44,118
|22.79
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|64,992
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|33.57
|-
!52
|[[Srivilliputtur Lok Sabha constituency|Srivilliputtur]]
|1
|K. Kamaraj Nadar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,04,829
|46.77
|G. D. Naidu
|{{Party color cell|Independent}}
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
|77,835
|34.73
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|26,994
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|12.04
|-
!53
|[[Madurai Lok Sabha constituency|Madurai]]
|2
|S. Balasubramaniam
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,95,762
|26.68
|P. M. Kakkan
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,89,945
|25.89
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
!54
|[[Periyakulam Lok Sabha constituency|Periyakulam]]
|1
|A. Sakthivadivel Gounder
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,07,875
|44.43
|C. Raghupathi Thevar
|{{Party color cell|Marxist Forward Bloc}}
|[[Marxist Forward Bloc|MFB]]
|74,991
|30.89
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|32,884
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|13.54
|-
!55
|[[Dindigul Lok Sabha constituency|Dindigul]]
|1
|Ammu Swaminathan
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|77,285
|36.89
|Krishnaswami
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|64,953
|31.01
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|12,332
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|5.88
|-
!56
|[[South Kanara (North) Lok Sabha constituency|South Kanara (North)]]
|1
|U. Srinivasa Mallyya
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|98,122
|44.45
|K. B. Jinaraja Hegde
|{{Party color cell|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|86,268
|39.08
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|11,854
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|5.37
|-
!57
|[[South Kanara (South) Lok Sabha constituency|South Kanara South]]
|1
|B. Shiva Rao
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|96,619
|46.88
|K. R. Karanth
|{{Party color cell|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|87,778
|42.59
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|8,841
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|4.29
|-
!58
|[[Kannur Lok Sabha constituency|Cannanore]]
|1
|A. K. Gopalan
|{{Party color cell|Communist Party of India}}
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|1,66,299
|65.87
|C. K. K. Govindan Nayar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|79,270
|31.40
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;"|87,029
|style="background:{{party color|Communist Party of India}} ; color:white;"|34.47
|-
!59
|Tellicherry
|1
|N. Damodaran
|{{Party color cell|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|98,483
|42.61
|P. Kunhiraman
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|62,182
|26.90
|style="background:{{party color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}} ; color:white;"|36,301
|style="background:{{party color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}} ; color:white;"|15.71
|-
!60
|[[Kozhikode Lok Sabha constituency|Kozhikode]]
|1
|Achuthan Damodaran Menon
|{{Party color cell|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|1,04,466
|44.26
|Ummar Koya, Parappil
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|77,012
|32.63
|style="background:{{party color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}} ; color:white;"|27,454
|style="background:{{party color|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}} ; color:white;"|11.63
|-
!61
|[[Malappuram Lok Sabha constituency|Malappuram]]
|1
|B. Pocker
|{{Party color cell|Indian Union Muslim League}}
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|ML]]
|79,470
|38.98
|T. V. Chathukutty Nair
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|62,494
|30.65
|style="background:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}} ; color:white;"|16,976
|style="background:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}} ; color:white;"|8.33
|-
!62
|[[Ponnani Lok Sabha constituency|Ponnani]]
|2
|Kelappan Koyhapali
|{{Party color cell|Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party}}
|[[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party|KMPP]]
|1,46,366
|18.90
|Karunakara Menon
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|1,36,603
|17.64
|colspan="2"|{{abbr|N/A|Not applicable}}
|-
|}

== See also ==
*[[Elections in Tamil Nadu]]

== Bibliography ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141008191615/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1951/VOL_1_51_LS.PDF Volume I, 1951 Indian general election, 1st Lok Sabha]

==External links==
* [http://eci.nic.in/ Website of Election Commission of India]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090303040541/http://ibnlive.in.com/politics/stats.php CNN-IBN Lok Sabha Election History]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

{{Tamil Nadu elections|state=expanded}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1951-52 Indian general election in Madras}}
[[Category:1951 Indian general election by state or union territory|Madras]]
[[Category:1951 Indian general election|M]]
[[Category:Indian general elections in Tamil Nadu]]

Institute of Language Studies and Research

2026-04-26T02:33:20Z

User3465346: made details

{{Infobox organization
| name =
| full_name = Institute of Language Studies and Research
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang = 
| logo =
| logo_size =
| logo_alt =
| logo_caption =
| image =
| image_size =
| image_alt = 
| caption =
| abbreviation = ILSR
| nickname =
| pronunciation =
| pronounce_ref =
| pronounce_comment =
| named_after =
| predecessor =
| merged_into = 
| successor =
| established = {{start date and age|1963}} (as The Institute of English, Calcutta)
| founder = 
| founding_location =
| dissolved = 
| merger = 
| type = Government Institution
| focus = Linguistics
| headquarters = [[Kolkata]]
| location = Kolkata, [[India]]
| parent_organization = Department of Higher Education ([[West Bengal]])
| subsidiaries =
| secessions =
| affiliations =
| ror_id =
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| website = {{URL|https://silsr.wb.gov.in/}}
| remarks =
| former_name = 
| footnotes =
| bodystyle =
}}
[[File:The stall of the Institute of Language Studies and Research at the International Kolkata Book Fair 2025, held at the Boimela Prangan.jpg|thumb|A stall of the Institute of Language Studies and Research at the [[Kolkata Book Fair|International Kolkata Book Fair 202]]5, held at the Boimela Prangan, [[Bidhannagar|Salt Lake City (Bidhannagar)]].]]

'''The Institute of Language Studies and Research''' ('''ILSR''') is an [[Research institute|research institute]] based in Kolkata. ILSR functions as a nodal centre for research, documentation of language and culture-related materials, translation studies and training in cultural and linguistic interaction. The institute founded in 1963 by the [[Government of West Bengal]] as a teacher training institute.<ref>{{cite news |title=JU signs MoU with Institute of Language Studies & Research |url=https://www.millenniumpost.in/kolkata/ju-signs-mou-with-institute-of-language-studies-research-505291 |access-date=2 February 2025 |work=MillenniumPost |date=13 January 2023 |quote=Basu said within a short span of time, ILSR has been developed as the centre of research for language studies, translation and cultural research. ....The institute is affiliated with the state Higher Education department. “Through this centre of excellence, we are trying to bring back the glory of Bengal and Bengalis,” Basu said.}}</ref>

ILSR is an institution of higher learning with an exclusive focus on [[Bengali language]], linguistics, translation and cultural studies. It is an institution that has helped the Bengali language achieve the status of a [[Classical languages of India#Officially recognised classical languages|classical language]] through advanced research.<ref name="Mitra">{{cite news |last1=Mitra |first1=Atri |title=Behind Bengali’s classical language tag, a Kolkata institute’s 2,000-page research document |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/kolkata/bengalis-classical-language-tag-kolkata-institute-research-9609939/ |access-date=2 February 2025 |work=The Indian Express |date=8 October 2024 |location=Kolkata |quote=And the West Bengal government-run organisation that prepared the document, the Institute of Language Studies and Research (ILSR), is delighted its more than a year-long efforts have paid off.}}</ref>

== Schools ==
The Institute of Language Studies and Research has three schools:
* School of Linguistic Studies
* School of Languages
* School of Translation and Cultural Studies

== References ==
{{Reflist|3}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://silsr.wb.gov.in/}}

{{Authority control}}

{{coord missing|India}}

[[Category:Linguistic research institutes in India]]

K. H. N. Kuranga

2026-04-23T06:50:39Z

User3465346: made pg...

{{Short description|Indian judge (born 1942)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = K. H. N. Kuranga
| honorific_prefix = Hon'ble Chief Justice (Retd.)
| office = [[List of former chief justices of the high courts of India#Chhattisgarh High Court|2nd Chief Justice]] of [[Chhattisgarh High Court]]
| appointer = [[K. R. Narayanan]]
| nominator = [[S. P. Bharucha]]
| predecessor = {{ubl|[[W. A. Shishak]]|Fakhruddin ''(acting)''}}
| successor = A. S. V. Moorthy
| term_start = 6 February 2002
| term_end = 10 May 2004
| office1 = [[Judge]] of [[Karnataka High Court]]
| term_end1 = 5 February 2002
| term_start1 = 22 February 1993
| nominator1 = [[L. M. Sharma]]
| appointer1 = [[S. D. Sharma]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1942|5|11|df=yes}}
}}

'''Korategere Hanumanthayya Narasimha Kuranga''' (born 11 May 1942) is an Indian Advocate, retired [[Chief Justice]] of [[Chhattisgarh High Court]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Justice {{!}} High Court Chhattisgarh |url=https://highcourt.cg.gov.in/sittingjudges/formarcj.html |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=Chhattisgarh High Court}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fJ2Q1rxwY1YC&dq=K.H.N.+Kuranga&pg=PP19 |title=Criminal Justice India Series |date=2002 |publisher=Allied Publishers |isbn=978-81-7764-860-7 |language=en}}</ref> and former judge of [[Karnataka High Court]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Hon'ble Mr.Justice K.H.N.Kuranga |url=https://karnatakajudiciary.kar.nic.in/bio_data/HCKformer_judges/kuranga.html |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=Karnataka Judiciary}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last= |first= |last2= |last3= |first3= |title=HC judge posted CJ of Chattisgarh {{!}} Bengaluru News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/hc-judge-posted-cj-of-chattisgarh/articleshow/1412094853.cms |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=The Times of India |date= 2 February 2002|language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and career ==
Justice Kuranga hails from Tumkur district and started practising in the Bangalore Bar after enrolling as an [[Advocate]] on 17 May 1968.<ref>{{Cite web |title=High Court of Karnataka Official Web Site |url=https://karnatakajudiciary.kar.nic.in/profiles-elevated-as-cj.php |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=Karnataka Judiciary}}</ref> He worked as high court pleader in 1975 and was appointed as additional state public prosecutor in 1985.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=2011-11-11 |title=On FP for 1st editionsJustice Kuranga may be Lokayukta |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/on-fp-for-1st-editionsjustice-kuranga-may-be-lokayukta/articleshow/10686743.cms |access-date=2025-10-23 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

He became Judge of [[Karnataka High Court]] on 22 February 1993 to February 2002.<ref name=":0" /> On 6 February 2002 he became second Chief Justice of [[Chhattisgarh High Court]] and served in this role until May 2004.<ref name=":1" />

In 2011 he was tipped to be the [[Karnataka Lokayukta|Lokayukta of Karnataka]] when the then [[Governor of Karnataka]] was in disagreement with the govt's proposal of appointing [[S. R. Bannurmath]] as lokayukta<ref name=":2" /> but subsequently [[Y. Bhaskar Rao]] was appointed to head this coveted post.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Justice (retd) Y Bhaskar Rao sworn in as new Lokayukta |url=http://www.coastaldigest.com/justice-retd-y-bhaskar-rao-sworn-new-lokayukta |access-date=2025-10-23 |website=coastaldigest.com - The Trusted News Portal of India |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kuranga, K.H.N.}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Chief justices of the Karnataka High Court]]
[[Category:Chief justices of Chhattisgarh High Court]]
[[Category:1942 births]]

{{India-law-bio-stub}}

Mawryngkneng Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T19:31:06Z

User3465346: New new pg v1.

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Meghalaya State, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Mawryngkneng
| state = [[Meghalaya]]
| type = SLA
| map_image = Mawryngkneng Assembly constituency map.svg
| constituency_no = 13
| district = [[East Khasi Hills district|East Khasi Hills]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Shillong (Lok Sabha constituency)|Shillong]]
| established = 2008
| reservation = ST
| mla = [[Heaving Stone Kharpran]]
| party = [[Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya)|Voice of the People Party]]
| electors = {{formatnum:39802}}<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14873-meghalayaexcluding-ac-23/ |title=Meghalaya General Legislative Election 2023 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in|access-date=11 April 2023}}</ref>{{update after|2028|05}}
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
}}
'''Mawryngkneng ''' is one of the 60 [[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Meghalaya]] state in [[India]].<ref name=ceomap>{{cite web |url=http://www.ceomeghalaya.nic.in/gis-map/00-pc-map-meghalaya.pdf |title=Map of Meghalaya Parliamentary Constituencies |website=ceomeghalaya.nic.in |accessdate= 30 January 2021}}</ref> It is part of [[East Khasi Hills district|East Khasi Hills]] district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the [[Scheduled Tribes]]. [[Heaving Stone Kharpran]] is the current MLA from this constituency.

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Member
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
| [[2013 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2013]] || rowspan=2 | David A Nongrum || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[2018 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2018]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2021 elections in India#Meghalaya|2021 By-election]] || Pyniaid Sing Syiem || {{Full party name with color|National People's Party (India)}}
|-
| [[2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2023]] || [[Heaving Stone Kharpran]] || {{Full party name with color|Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya)}}
|}

== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 2023===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Mawryngkneng<ref>{{Cite web |publisher=[[Chief Electoral Officer (India)|Chief Electoral Officer]] |title=General Election to Vidhna Sabha Trends & Result MArch - 2023 |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMar2023/ConstituencywiseS157.htm?ac=7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302144159/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMar2023/ConstituencywiseS157.htm?ac=7 |archive-date=2 March 2023 |access-date=4 January 2025 |website=results.eci.gov.in}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Heaving Stone Kharpran]] |party=Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya) |votes=11,424 |percentage=33.36% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Osaphi Smithson Jyrwa |party=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) |votes=10,182 |percentage=29.73% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Pyniaid Sing Syiem |party=National People's Party (India) |votes=9,541 |percentage=27.86% |change={{decrease}}21.64 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Banshanlang Lawai |party=All India Trinamool Congress |votes=1,559 |percentage=4.55% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Highlander Kharmalki |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=968 |percentage=2.83% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Esron Marwein |party=Indian National Congress |votes=433 |percentage=1.26% |change={{decrease}}41.90 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=282 |percentage=0.82% |change={{decrease}}0.01 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,242 |percentage=3.63% |change= {{decrease}}2.71 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=34,243 |percentage=86.03% |change= {{increase}}8.26 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 39,802 |ref = |change= {{increase}}8.10 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya) |loser=National People's Party (India) |swing= {{decrease}}16.14 }}
{{Election box end}}

===Assembly By-election 2021===
This by-election was needed due to the death of sitting MLA, [[Syntar Klas Sunn]] after a [[cardiac arrest]], on 2 February 2021.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eastmojo.com/news/2021/02/02/meghalaya-congress-mla-david-nongrum-passes-away-at-42/ |title=Meghalaya: Congress MLA David Nongrum passes away at 42 |website=www.eastmojo.com |date=2 February 2021 |author=Princess Giri Rashir |access-date= 19 February 2022}}</ref> The election, which was carried out on 30 October 2021, was won by [[Pyniaid Sing Syiem]], a candidate of the [[National People's Party (India)|National People's Party]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://theshillongtimes.com/2021/11/02/npps-pyniaid-sing-syiem-wins-in-mawryngkneng-constituency/ |title=NPP's Pyniaid Sing Syiem wins in Mawryngkneng constituency |newspaper=The Shillong Times |date=2 November 2021 |access-date= 19 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=byelection2021>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13971-bye-elections-2021-parliamentary-and-assemblies/ |title=Bye Elections 2021 (Parliamentary and Assemblies) - Bye-Elections Result in Xls/Pdf Format |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 19 February 2022}}</ref><ref name="Meghalaya bypolls: NPP wins Rajabala, Mawryngkneng, UDP gets Mawphlang">{{cite news |last1=EastMojo |first1= |date=2 November 2021 |title=Meghalaya bypolls: NPP wins Rajabala, Mawryngkneng, UDP gets Mawphlang |url=https://www.eastmojo.com/meghalaya/2021/11/02/meghalaya-bypolls-npp-takes-rajabala-mawryngkneng-udp-wins-mawphlang/?Y29uc3VtcHRpb24=a27f5987-f823-48af-accd-bfa0be87fb6a |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331122214/https://www.eastmojo.com/meghalaya/2021/11/02/meghalaya-bypolls-npp-takes-rajabala-mawryngkneng-udp-wins-mawphlang/?Y29uc3VtcHRpb24=a27f5987-f823-48af-accd-bfa0be87fb6a |archivedate=31 March 2024 |accessdate=31 March 2024}}</ref>
{{Election box begin|title= [[2021 elections in India#Meghalaya|2021 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly by-election]]: Mawryngkneng<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/statistical-report/detailed-bye-election-results/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date = 1 January 2025 |title=Bye-Election Results - Election Commission of India |publisher=Election Commission Of India |website=eci.gov.in}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Pyniaid Sing Syiem |party=National People's Party (India) |votes=14,177 |percentage=49.51% |change={{increase}}27.99 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Highlander Kharmalki |party=Indian National Congress |votes=12,361 |percentage=43.16% |change={{increase}}5.91 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Norbert Marboh |party=Independent politician |votes=1,400 |percentage=4.89% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Esron Marwein |party=Independent politician |votes=485 |percentage=1.69% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Arbiangkam Kharsohmat |party=Independent politician |votes=214 |percentage=0.75% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=238 |percentage=0.83% |change={{increase}}0.17 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,816 |percentage=6.34% |change= {{decrease}}7.22 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=28,637 |percentage=78.43% |change= {{decrease}}8.41 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 36,820 |ref = |change= {{increase}}14.37 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=National People's Party (India) |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}12.25 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2018===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2018 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Mawryngkneng<ref>{{Cite web |publisher=[[Chief Electoral Officer (India)|Chief Electoral Officer]], [[Meghalaya]] |title=Form 20 - Polling Station Wise Result Sheet of General Election 2018 to the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly |url=https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/electionconducted/mla2018/form20.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240208162439/https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/electionconducted/mla2018/form20.html |archive-date=8 February 2024 |access-date=4 January 2025 |website=ceomeghalaya.nic.in}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=David A Nongrum |party=Indian National Congress |votes=10,336 |percentage=37.25% |change={{increase}}12.44 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Highlander Kharmalki |party=People's Democratic Front (Meghalaya) |votes=6,573 |percentage=23.69% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Pyniaid Sing Syiem |party=National People's Party (India) |votes=5,969 |percentage=21.51% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Pynehborlang Mukhim |party=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) |votes=3,011 |percentage=10.85% |change={{decrease}}7.71 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Moses Kharbithai |party=Khun Hynniewtrep National Awakening Movement |votes=1,037 |percentage=3.74% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Torry Teison Kharsati |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=411 |percentage=1.48% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=184 |percentage=0.66% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,763 |percentage=13.56% |change= {{increase}}10.78 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=27,746 |percentage=86.18% |change= {{decrease}}2.97 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 32,195 |ref = |change= {{increase}}27.77 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Independent politician |swing= {{increase}}9.65 }}
{{Election box end}}

===Assembly Election 2013===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2013 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Mawryngkneng<ref>{{cite web|website=ceomeghalaya.nic.in |publisher=[[Chief Electoral Officer (India)|Chief Electoral Officer]], [[Meghalaya]]|title=Election Commission of India- State Election, 2013 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/electionconducted/mla2013/10-Reports/10-detailed-results.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104021738/https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/electionconducted/mla2013/10-Reports/10-detailed-results.pdf |archive-date=4 January 2025|access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=David A Nongrum |party=Independent politician |votes=6,200 |percentage=27.60% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Pynehborlang Mukhim |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,574 |percentage=24.81% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Highlander Kharmalki |party=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) |votes=4,170 |percentage=18.56% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Osaphi Smithson Jyrwa |party=Independent politician |votes=3,287 |percentage=14.63% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Munu Paul Muktieh |party=Independent politician |votes=2,030 |percentage=9.04% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Pyniaid Sing Syiem |party=Hill State People's Democratic Party |votes=1,204 |percentage=5.36% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=626 |percentage=2.79% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=22,465 |percentage=89.15% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 25,198 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Independent politician |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly]]
* [[East Khasi Hills district]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Meghalaya}}

{{coord|25.55|92.06|display=title}}

[[Category:East Khasi Hills district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Meghalaya]]
[[Category:Politics of Meghalaya]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Meghalaya]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]

Gaura Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T19:26:40Z

User3465346: starting

{{Short description|Constituency of the Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Gaura
| type = SLA
| state = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| constituency_no = 301
| map_image = 301-Gaura.svg
| district = [[Gonda district|Gonda]]
| reservation = None
| established = 2012
| mla = [[Prabhat Kumar Verma]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| latest_election_year = 2022
| electors = 3,20,821
}}
'''Gaura''' is a constituency of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]], covering the city of Gaura and other parts of [[Mankapur tehsil]] in [[Gonda district]] of Uttar Pradesh, India. Gaura is one of five assembly constituencies in the [[Gonda Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref> Since 2012, this assembly constituency is numbered 301 amongst the 403 constituencies and the first election was held in this constituency was in 2012 after dissolving the [[Saddulahnagar Assembly constituency]]. As of 2022, it is represented by [[Prabhat Kumar Verma]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]],

==Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Election
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
| colspan="4" |Before 2012,the constituency was known as the Saddullahnagar Nagar Assembly Constituency Dominated by stalwart of Gonda's Politics Ram Pratap Singh who was elected as the MLA 4 Times Straight in a row since 1991 & his late father Dashrath Singh who won the constituency 3 Times from 1974
|-
| [[2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2012]]
|[[Anand Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Kunwar Anand Singh]]<ref name="election2012">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3262-uttar-pradesh-2012/ |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |title=State Election, 2012 to the Legislative Assembly Of Uttar Pradesh |website=eci.gov.in |accessdate=20 April 2023}}</ref>
|{{Full party name with color|Samajwadi Party}}
|-
| [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2017]]<ref name="election2017">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3471-uttar-pradesh-general-legislative-election-2017/ |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |title=State Election, 2017 to the Legislative Assembly Of Uttar Pradesh |website=eci.gov.in |accessdate=26 March 2022}}</ref>
|rowspan="2"|[[Prabhat Kumar Verma]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2022]]<ref name="election2022"/>
|}

==Election results==

=== 2022 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Gaura<ref name="election2022">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14185-uttar-pradesh-general-legislative-election-2022/ |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |title=State Election, 2022 to the Legislative Assembly Of Uttar Pradesh |website=eci.gov.in |accessdate=4 March 2023}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Prabhat Kumar Verma]]
|votes = {{formatnum:73545}}
|percentage = 42.62
|change = +0.83
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Samajwadi Party|candidate=Sanjay Kumar Vidyarthi|votes={{formatnum:50571}}|percentage=29.31|change=+4.74}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Ram Pratap Singh (4 Term MLA) Rebel SP Leader|votes={{formatnum:31589}}|percentage=18.31|change=+16.73}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Nigar Fatma|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes={{formatnum:11016}}|percentage=6.38|change=-15.92}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]|votes={{formatnum:1361}}|percentage=0.79|change=-0.04}}
{{Election box majority|votes={{formatnum:22974}}|percentage=13.31|change=-3.91}}
{{Election box turnout|votes={{formatnum:172557}}|percentage=53.79|change=-1.81}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2017 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Gaura<ref name="election2017"/>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = Prabhat Kumar Verma
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = {{formatnum:72455}}
|percentage = 41.79
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Ram Pratap Singh
|party = Samajwadi Party
|votes = {{formatnum:42600}}
|percentage = 24.57
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Abdul Kalam
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = {{formatnum:38667}}
|percentage = 22.3
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Vikram Singh
|party = Independent
|votes = {{formatnum:8013}}
|percentage = 4.62
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Tarunendra Chandra Patel
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = {{formatnum:2746}}
|percentage = 1.58
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:1435}}
|percentage = 0.83
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:29855}}
|percentage = 17.22
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:173380}}
|percentage = 55.6
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |title=Results of Uttar Pradesh Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/92-uttar-pradesh/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{coord|26.65|80.98|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Gonda district]]
[[Category:Politics of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]

Kheda Lok Sabha constituency

2026-04-19T08:59:03Z

User3465346: made new details...

{{Short description|One of the parliamentary constituencies in Gujarat, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Kheda
| type = LS
| map_image = ખેડા – Kheda.svg
| map_caption =
| established = 1952
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| mp = [[Devusinh Chauhan]]
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Indian general elections|2024]]
| state = [[Gujarat]]
| assembly_cons = [[Daskroi Assembly constituency|Daskroi]] [[Dholka Assembly constituency|Dholka]] [[Matar Assembly constituency|Matar]] [[Nadiad Assembly constituency|Nadiad]] [[Mehmedabad Assembly constituency|Mehmedabad]] [[Mahudha Assembly constituency|Mahudha]] [[Kapadvanj Assembly constituency|Kapadvanj]]
| reservation = None
| incumbent_image = Devusinh Chauhan with PM Modi (cropped).jpg
}}
'''Kheda''' is one of the 26 [[Lok Sabha]] (parliamentary) constituencies in [[Gujarat]], [[India]].

==Vidhan Sabha segments==
Presently, Kheda Lok Sabha constituency comprises seven [[Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) segments. These are:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ceogujarat.nic.in/site/download/FINAL_ROLL_2009.pdf |title=Parliament Constituency wise Electors Detail, Polling Stations & EPIC - Loksabha Election 2009 |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Gujarat website |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416162919/http://ceogujarat.nic.in/site/download/FINAL_ROLL_2009.pdf |archivedate=2009-04-16 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! width="50px" style="font-size:75%" |Constituency number
! width="200px" |Name
! width="120px" style="font-size:75%" |Reserved for ([[Dalit|SC]]/[[Adivasi|ST]]/None)
! width="150px" |District
! colspan="2"|Party
! colspan="2"|2024 Lead
|-
|57
|[[Daskroi Assembly constituency|Daskroi]]
|None
| rowspan="2" |[[Ahmedabad district|Ahmedabad]]
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=7}}
| {{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=7}}
|-
|58
|[[Dholka Assembly constituency|Dholka]]
|None
|-
|115
|[[Matar Assembly constituency|Matar]]
|None
| rowspan="5" |[[Kheda district|Kheda]]
|-
|116
|[[Nadiad Assembly constituency|Nadiad]]
|None
|-
|117
|[[Mehmedabad Assembly constituency|Mehmedabad]]
|None
|-
|118
|[[Mahudha Assembly constituency|Mahudha]]
|None
|-
|120
|[[Kapadvanj Assembly constituency|Kapadvanj]]
|None
|}

==Members of Lok Sabha==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Winner
! colspan=2|Party
|-
|rowspan=2|[[1951–52 Indian general election|1952]]{{Efn|2-member constituency}}<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.elections.in/parliamentary-constituencies/1951-election-results.html | title=1951 India General (1st Lok Sabha) Elections Results }}</ref>
|[[Maniben Patel]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| Fulsinhjee Dabhi
|-
|[[1957 Indian general election|1957]]
|Thakore Fatehsinhji Dabhi<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.elections.in/parliamentary-constituencies/1957-election-results.html | title=1957 India General (2nd Lok Sabha) Elections Results }}</ref>
|{{Full party name with color|Swatantra Party}}
|-
|[[1962 Indian general election|1962]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Pravinsinh Solanki]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=4}}
|-
|[[1967 Indian general election|1967]]
|-
|[[1971 Indian general election|1971]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Dharmsinh Desai]]
|-
|[[1977 Indian general election|1977]]
|-
|[[1980 Indian general election|1980]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Ajitsinh Dabhi]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)|dab=y}}
|-
|[[1984 Indian general election|1984]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1989 Indian general election|1989]]
|[[Prabhatsinh Chauhan]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}
|-
|[[1991 Indian general election|1991]]
|[[Khushiram Jeswani]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|[[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
| rowspan="5" |[[Dinsha Patel]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress| rowspan=5}}
|-
|[[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
|-
|[[1999 Indian general election|1999]]
|-
|[[2004 Indian general election|2004]]
|-
|[[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
|-
|[[2014 Indian general election|2014]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Devusinh Chauhan]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party| rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
|-
|[[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
|}
{{noteslist}}

== Election results ==

===General election 2024===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Indian general election]]: [[Kheda]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[Devusinh Chauhan]]|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=744,435|percentage=63.31|change={{down}}1.73}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Kalusinh Dabhi|party=Indian National Congress|votes=3,86,677|percentage=32.88|change={{up}}1.26}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above (India)
|candidate = [[None of the Above]]
|votes =18,824
|percentage = 1.60
|change ={{down}}0.06
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party =Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate =Bhailalbhai Kalubhai Pandav
|votes =6,152
|percentage = 0.52
|change =''N/A''
}}
{{Election box candidate |
|party =[[Independent politician|IND]]
|candidate =Sodha Sanjaykumar Parvatsinh
|votes = 6,139
|percentage = 0.52
|change =''N/A''
}}

{{Election box majority||votes=3,57,758|percentage=30.43|change={{down}}2.99}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=11,79,041|percentage=58.71|change={{down}}2.33}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = BJP
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2019===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Indian general elections]]: [[Kheda]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Devusinh Chauhan]]
|votes = 7,14,572
|percentage = 65.04
|change = +5.60
|Result =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Bimal Shah]]
|votes =3,47,427
|percentage = 31.62
|change = -3.46
|Result =
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the Above
|votes = 18,277
|percentage = 1.66
|change = +1.53
|Result =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 3,67,145
|percentage =33.42
|change =+9.06
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 11,01,173
|percentage = 61.04
|change = +1.18
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2014===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Indian general elections]]: [[Kheda]]<ref>CEO Gujarat. ''[http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/Contesting_Candidates_LS2014.PDF Contesting Candidates LS2014] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514025434/http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/Contesting_Candidates_LS2014.PDF |date=2014-05-14 }}''</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS0620.htm?ac=20|title=Constituencywise-All Candidates|publisher=ECI|access-date=2014-05-17|archive-date=2014-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517135238/http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS0620.htm?ac=20|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Devusinh Chauhan]]
|votes = 5,68,235
|percentage = 59.44
|change = +24.36
|Result = Win
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Dinsha Patel]]
|votes = 3,35,334
|percentage = 35.08
|change = -12.04
|Result =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Roshan Shah
|votes =50,004
|percentage = 2.78
|change = ---
|Result =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the Above
|votes = 2,333
|percentage = 0.13
|change = ---
|Result =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 2,32,901
|percentage = 24.36
|change = +24.22
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 9,57,464
|percentage = 59.86
|change = +18.28
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== General election 2009===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Indian general elections]]: Kheda <ref>CEO Gujarat. ''[http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/Contesting_Candidates_LS2014.PDF Contesting Candidates LS2014] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140514025434/http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/Contesting_Candidates_LS2014.PDF |date=2014-05-14 }}''</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS0620.htm?ac=20|title=Constituencywise-All Candidates|publisher=ECI|access-date=2014-05-17|archive-date=2014-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517135238/http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS0620.htm?ac=20|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Dinsha Patel]] <ref>{{cite web | url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/kheda-lok-sabha | title=Kheda Lok Sabha Election Result - Parliamentary Constituency }}</ref>
|votes = 2,83,780
|percentage = 47.12
|change =
|Result = Win
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate =[[Devusinh Chauhan]]
|votes = 2,83,059
|percentage = 46.98
|change =
|Result =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Taufik Husen Shekh
|votes = 13,840
|percentage = 2.30
|change =
|Result =
}}

{{Election box majority|
|votes = 721
|percentage = 0.14
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 6,02,663
|percentage = 41.60
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}

{{Election box end}}

===1957 elections===
* Dabhi Thakorshri Fatesinhji Ratansinhji (IND / Swatantra) : 127,646
* Dabhi Fulsinhji Bharatsinhji (Congress) : 107,135

===1984 elections===
* Ajitsinh Fulsinhji Dyabhai (Congress-Indira) : 292,019 votes <ref>{{cite web | url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/kaira-lok-sabha | title=Kaira Lok Sabha Election Result - Parliamentary Constituency }}</ref>
* Satyam Patel (Lok Dal) : 144,586

==See also==
* [[Kheda district]]
* [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of Gujarat}}

{{coord|22.8|72.7|display=title}}

[[Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in Gujarat]]
[[Category:Kheda district]]

Braja Kishore Pradhan

2026-04-19T00:37:35Z

User3465346: post - done

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Braja Kishore Pradhan
| birth_name =
| caption =
| image = Braja Kishore Pradhan.jpg
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| office = [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Member of Odisha Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency = [[Talcher Assembly constituency|Talcher]]
| term_start = 4 June 2024
| predecessor = Braja Kishore Pradhan
| constituency1 =
| term1 =
| term_end1 =
| successor1 =
| office2 =
| constituency2 =
| term_start2 =
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| party = [[Biju Janata Dal]]
| other_party =
| website =
| alma_mater =
| profession = Politician
| date =
| year =
| source =
}}

'''Braja Kishore Pradhan''' is an Indian politician who was elected to the [[Odisha Legislative Assembly]] from [[Talcher Assembly constituency|Talcher]] as a member of the [[Biju Janata Dal]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Braja Kishore Pradhan Election Affidavit |url=https://www.myneta.info/Odisha2024/candidate.php?candidate_id=871 |website=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=24 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Talcher Election Result 2024 LIVE Updates Highlights: Braja Kishore Pradhan of BJD Wins |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/talcher-election-result-2024-live-updates-highlights-assembly-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-8916944.html |website=News18 |publisher=Election Results Hub |access-date=24 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Odisha Assembly Elections 2024: Talcher Constituency result |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/elections/odisha/odisha-assembly-elections-2024-talcher-constituency-result-3009684 |website=Deccan Herald |access-date=24 September 2024}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pradhan, Braja Kishore}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Biju Janata Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Odisha MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{Odisha-BJD-politician-stub}}

List of speakers of the Bihar Legislative Assembly

2026-04-17T05:53:59Z

User3465346:

{{Short description|Speakers of the Bihar Legislative Assembly}}{{for|upper house|Chairperson of the Bihar Legislative Council}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Speaker
| body = the Bihar Legislative Assembly
| insignia = File:Seal of Bihar.svg
| insigniacaption = Seal of Bihar
| department = [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]
| member_of = [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]
| appointer = Members of the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]]
| incumbent = [[Prem Kumar (politician)|Dr. Prem Kumar]]
| inaugural = Ram Dayalu Singh
| incumbentsince = 01 December 2025
| termlength = During the life of the Bihar Legislative Assembly (five years maximum)
| image = PREM Kumar (cropped).jpg
| style = [[The Honourable|The Hon’ble]] {{small|(formal)}} [[Mister|Mr. Speaker]] {{small|(informal)}}
| reports_to =
| residence = Patna
| deputy = [[Narendra Narayan Yadav]]
}}

The '''Speaker of the Bihar Legislative Assembly'''<ref name=nic/> is the presiding officer of the Legislative Assembly of Bihar, the main law-making body for the [[India]]n state of [[Bihar]]. The Speaker is elected in the very first meeting of the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] after the general elections for a term of 5 years from amongst the members of the assembly. Speakers hold office until ceasing to be a member of the assembly or resigning from the office. The Speaker can be removed from office by a resolution passed in the assembly by an effective majority of its members. In the absence of Speaker, the meeting is presided by the Deputy Speaker.

==List==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center
|-
! #
! Portrait
! Name
! colspan="3" | Term<ref name="nic">{{cite web|url=https://vidhansabha.bih.nic.in/Speaker.html|website=vidhansabha.bih.nic.in|title=Bihar Vidhan Sabha/Speaker|access-date=24 September 2022|archive-date=9 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220909102629/https://vidhansabha.bih.nic.in/Speaker.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
! Assembly
! colspan="2" | Party
|-
| 1
|
| [[Ram Dayalu Singh]]
| 23 July 1937
| 11 November 1944
| {{ayd|23 July 1937|11 November 1944}}
| [[1937 Indian provincial elections|1st]]
| [[Indian National Congress]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|-
! colspan="9" |After Independence
|-
| rowspan="3"|1
| rowspan="3"|
| rowspan="3"|[[Bindeshwari Prasad Verma]]
| rowspan="3"|25 April 1946
| rowspan="3"|14 March 1962
| rowspan="3"|{{ayd|25 April 1946|14 March 1962}}
|
| rowspan="4"|[[Indian National Congress]]
| rowspan="4" style="background-color:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|-
| [[1952 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1st]]
|-
| [[1957 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2nd]]
|-
| 2
|
| [[Lakshmi Narayan Sudhanshu]]
| 15 March 1962
| 15 March 1967
| {{ayd|15 March 1962|15 March 1967}}
| [[1962 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|3rd]]
|-
| 3
| [[File:Dhanik Lal Mandal Lok Sabha photo.jpg|75px]]
| [[Dhanik Lal Mandal]]
| 16 March 1967
| 10 March 1969
| {{ayd|16 March 1967|10 March 1969}}
| [[1967 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|4th]]
| [[Samyukta Socialist Party]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Samyukta Socialist Party}}" |
|-
| 4
|
| [[Ram Narayan Mandal]]
| 11 March 1969
| 20 March 1972
| {{ayd|11 March 1969|20 March 1972}}
| [[1969 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|5th]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Indian National Congress]]
| rowspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|-
| 5
| [[File:Harinath Mishra.jpg|75px]]
| [[Harinath Mishra]]
| 21 March 1972
| 26 June 1977
| {{ayd|21 March 1972|26 June 1977}}
| [[1972 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|6th]]
|-
| 6
|
| [[Tripurari Prasad Singh]]
| 28 June 1977
| 22 June 1980
| {{ayd|28 June 1977|22 June 1980}}
| [[1977 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|7th]]
| [[Janata Party]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Party}}" |
|-
| 7
|
| [[Radhanandan Jha]]
| 24 June 1980
| 1 April 1985
| {{ayd|24 June 1980|1 April 1985}}
| [[1980 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|8th]]
| [[Indian National Congress (I)]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Indian National Congress (I)}}" |
|-
| 8
|
| [[Shivchandra Jha]]
| 4 April 1985
| 23 January 1989
| {{ayd|4 April 1985|23 January 1989}}
| rowspan="2"| [[1985 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|9th]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Indian National Congress]]
| rowspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|-
| 9
|
| [[Md Hidayatullah Khan]]
| 27 March 1989
| 19 March 1990
| {{ayd|27 March 1989|19 March 1990}}
|-
| 10
|
| Ghulam Sarwar
| 20 March 1990
| 9 April 1995
| {{ayd|20 March 1990|9 April 1995}}
| [[1990 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|10th]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Janata Dal]]
| rowspan="2" style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal}}" |
|-
| rowspan="2"| 11
| rowspan="2"|
| rowspan="2"| [[Deo Narayan Yadav]]
| rowspan="2"| 12 April 1995
| rowspan="2"| 6 March 2000
| rowspan="2"| {{ayd|12 April 1995|6 March 2000}}
| rowspan="2"| [[1995 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|11th]]
|-
| [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}" |
|-
| 12
| [[File:Sadanand Singh.jpg|75px]]
| [[Sadanand Singh]]
| 9 March 2000
| 28 June 2005
| {{ayd|9 March 2000|28 June 2005}}
| [[2000 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|12th]]
| [[Indian National Congress]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|-
| rowspan="2"|13
| rowspan="2"|
| rowspan="2"|[[Uday Narayan Choudhary]]
| 30 November 2005
| 29 November 2010
| rowspan="2"|{{ayd|30 November 2005|25 November 2015}}
| [[October 2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|14th]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Janata Dal (United)]]
| rowspan="3" style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal (United)}}" |
|-
| 2 December 2010
| 28 November 2015
| [[2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|15th]]
|-
| 14
|[[File:Vijay Kumar Chaudhary 2022.jpg|80x80px]]
| [[Vijay Kumar Chaudhary]]
| 2 December 2015
| 24 November 2020
| {{ayd|2 December 2015|24 November 2020}}
| [[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|16th]]
|-
| 15
| [[File:Shri Vijay Kumar Sinha.jpg|94x94px]]
| [[Vijay Kumar Sinha]]
| 25 November 2020
| 24 August 2022
| {{ayd|25 November 2020|24 August 2022}}
| rowspan="3"| [[2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|17th]]
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|-
| 16
|
| [[Awadh Bihari Choudhary]]
| 26 August 2022
| 12 February 2024
| {{ayd|26 August 2022|12 February 2024}}
| [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}" |
|-
| 17
| [[File:Nand kishore yadav.JPG|113x113px]]
| [[Nand Kishore Yadav]]
| 15 February 2024
| 30 November 2025
| {{ayd|15 February 2024|30 November 2025 }}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|-
| 18
| [[File:PREM Kumar (cropped).jpg|75px]]
| [[Prem Kumar (politician)|Dr. Prem Kumar]]<ref name="BJP’s Prem Kumar unanimously elected Bihar House speaker">{{cite news |date=2 December 2025 |title=BJP’s Prem Kumar unanimously elected Bihar House speaker |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/bjps-prem-kumar-unanimously-elected-bihar-house-speaker-101764675967058.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251203074531/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/patna-news/bjps-prem-kumar-unanimously-elected-bihar-house-speaker-101764675967058.html |archivedate=3 December 2025 |accessdate=3 December 2025 |publisher=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Bihar Politics: Prem Kumar Elected Bihar Assembly Speaker">{{cite news |date=2 December 2025 |title=Bihar Politics: Prem Kumar Elected Bihar Assembly Speaker |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/bihar/winning-three-hat-tricks-in-a-row-nine-term-bjp-mla-prem-kumar-is-now-bihar-speaker-3817178 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251203074605/https://www.deccanherald.com/india/bihar/winning-three-hat-tricks-in-a-row-nine-term-bjp-mla-prem-kumar-is-now-bihar-speaker-3817178 |archivedate=3 December 2025 |accessdate=3 December 2025 |publisher=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref><ref name="From teen in RSS shakha to Speaker's Chair: Bihar BJP leader Prem Kumar's long journey">{{cite news |date=2 December 2025 |title=From teen in RSS shakha to Speaker's Chair: Bihar BJP leader Prem Kumar's long journey |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2025/Dec/02/from-teen-in-rss-shakha-to-speakers-chair-bihar-bjp-leader-prem-kumars-long-journey |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20251203074642/https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2025/Dec/02/from-teen-in-rss-shakha-to-speakers-chair-bihar-bjp-leader-prem-kumars-long-journey |archivedate=3 December 2025 |accessdate=3 December 2025 |publisher=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
| 2 December 2025
| ''Incumbent''
| {{ayd|2 December 2025}}
|[[2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|18th]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| style="background-color:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|}

== Pro tem Speaker ==
[[Narendra Narayan Yadav]] was appointed as the Pro tem on 24 November 2025 after the conclusion of 2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election to facilitate the oath taking of new MLAs and the election of the new Assembly Speaker. <ref>{{Cite web |title=JD(U) leader Narendra Yadav appointed Pro-tem speaker of Bihar Assembly|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/bihar-assembly/jdu-leader-narendra-yadav-appointed-pro-tem-speaker-of-bihar-assembly/article70317917.ece/|date=24 November 2025 |website=thehindu.com|language=en}}</ref>
==Deputy==

=== List of Pro tem Speakers ===
*[[Sadanand Singh]] 2015
*[[Jitan Ram Manjhi]] 2020
*[[Narendra Narayan Yadav]] 2025

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Current Indian legislative speakers and chairpersons}}

{{Bihar}}

[[Category:Bihar-related lists|Speakers ]]
[[Category:Lists of legislative speakers in India|B]]
[[Category:Speakers of the Bihar Legislative Assembly| ]]

Satsang Ashram

2026-04-17T03:02:47Z

User3465346: put up a stub w/ sources

{{Short description|Headquarters of the Satsang movement, in Deoghar, India}}
{{Infobox organization
| name = Satsang Ashram, Deoghar
| image = Main Gate of Satsang Ashram, Deoghar.jpg
| caption = Main entrance
| type = [[Religious organisation]]
| status =
| formation =
| abbreviation =
| founder = [[Thakur Anukulchandra]]
| purpose = Spirituality and Philanthropy.
| coordinates = {{coord|24.48|N|86.67|E|display=inline,title}}
| headquarters = [[Deoghar, Jharkhand]], India
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| main_organ =
| affiliations =
| membership =
| location =
| region_served = Worldwide
| website = {{URL|https://www.satsang.org.in/}}
}}

'''Satsang Ashram''' is the headquarters of the [[Satsang (Deoghar)|Satsang]] movement started by [[Thakur Anukulchandra]] in India and across the world.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.incredibleindia.org/content/incredible-india-v2/en/destinations/baidyanathdham-deoghar/satsang-ashram.html|title=Incredible India | Satsang Ashram|website=www.incredibleindia.org}}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Jharkhand-governor-inaugurates-Deoghar-function/articleshow/49534813.cms|title=Jharkhand governor inaugurates Deoghar function | India News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref> The Satsang Ashram has become an of attraction in Deoghar for all kinds of people in the society. The township surrounding the ashram is known as Satsang Nagar and has a dedicated Indian railways passenger halt for the ease of devotees visiting the place.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/indian-railway/satsang-nagar-halt-ssnr-station|title=Satsang Nagar Halt Railway Station (SSNR) : Station Code, Time Table, Map, Enquiry|website=www.ndtv.com}}</ref>

==Establishment of the Ashram==
The establishment of the Satsang Ashram at Deoghar was started after Thakur Anukulchandra moved to Deoghar from his birthplace in the [[Pabna District]] of East Bengal (now [[Bangladesh]]) on 2 September 1946. Satsang, as an organization was registered after India got its independence and partition, under the Societies Registration act of 1860.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.satsang.org.in/index.php?=satsang|title=SATSANG - Sree Sree Thakur Anukulchandra - The Official site of Satsang, Deoghar|website=www.satsang.org.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1572652/|title=Satsang And Anr. vs Kiron Chandra Mukhopadhyay And ... on 18 July, 1972|website=indiankanoon.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ngodarpan.gov.in/index.php/home/statewise_ngo/743/20/22?per_page=50|title=NGO Darpan|website=ngodarpan.gov.in}}</ref>

[[File:PRAYER IN SATSANG ASHRAM (DEOGHAR,JHARKHAND).jpg|thumb|Prayer in Satsang Ashram, Deoghar)]]

==Institutions and centers==
[[File:Satsang Ashram, in Deoghar 13.jpg|left|thumb|Satsang Ashram campus]]
As a part of the Satsang movement, various activities are carried out for the service of the devotees and people in general. Various philanthropic and social works are conducted by different centers and institutions established in the Ashram premises.<ref name="auto"/>

===Satsang Philanthropy===
It is the main administrative facility of Satsang. All the activities in the Ashram is carried out under the jurisdiction of the Satsang Philanthropy. The Philanthropy department is well equipped with an advanced computerized system.<ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.easternpanorama.in/index.php/web-special/2716-satsang-a-novel-plane-of-living|title=Satsang - A novel plane of living|first=Eastern|last=Panorama|website=Eastern Panorama}}</ref>

Controversy: all devotees of ashram send donation(istavriti) on monthly basis. It is believed to be used for philanthropy. But, there is no audit report publicly available for the utilisation of this fund.

===Dutadeepti Satsang Charitable Hospital===
This hospital is a charitable hospital and provides free health services to the general public throughout the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cybo.com/IN-biz/dutadeepti-satsang-charitable-hospital|title=Dutadeepti Satsang Charitable Hospital - Deoghar - 02432 232 756|website=Cybo}}</ref>

[[File:Anandabazar Bhavan.jpg|thumb|Anandabazar Bhavan, Satsang Ashram]]

===Anandabazar (Community Kitchen)===
This free community kitchen known as Anandabazar was introduced by the mother of Thakur Anukulchandra, Monmohini Devi. It offers very simple lunch and dinner two times daily to the Ashramites and devotees visiting the Ashram. Due to the growing number of devotees and visitors, a seven storied building named ‘Anandabazar Bhavan’ has been constructed where thousands of people can take Prasad (meal) at any given time.<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto"/>

===Satsang Publishing House===
This publishing company publishes various books and literatures compiled from the sayings and discussions with Thakur Anukulchandra at different times. The publishing house brings out five monthly magazines, ‘Alochana’ in Bengali, ‘Sattwati’ in Hindi, ‘Urjana’ in Odia, ‘Ligate’ in English and ‘Agamvani’ in Assamese.<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/xtrans/bsresult.aspx?lg=0&a=Anukulchandra&fr=0|title=Index Translationum|website=www.unesco.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mycorporateinfo.com/trademark/satsang-publishing-house/2129966|title=SATSANG PUBLISHING HOUSE Indian Trademark Info|website=MyCorporateInfo}}</ref>

===Satsang Rashaishana Mandir (Satsang Chemical Works)===
Thakur Anukulchandra being a doctor himself, used to give herbal and Ayurvedic medicines often accompanied by their respective formulae for the treatment of people. To preserve those formulae and to prepare herbal medicines, the Rashaishana mandir was established. Various medicines under the trademark of Satsang is widely used by the general public.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mycorporateinfo.com/proprietor/satsang/1200607|title=SATSANG. Trademarks Detail|website=MyCorporateInfo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://trademarking.in/details/Preventina-416340.html|title=Preventina by Satsang Rasaishana Mandir (satsang Chemical Works).|first=Satsang Rasaishana Mandir (satsang Chemical|last=Works)|website=trademarKing.in}}</ref>

===Schools and College===
Satsang runs two schools namely, Tapovan Vidyalay and Vinapani Vidyamandir separately for boys and girls respectively. Both schools have their separate premises with hostel facility. The Satsang college named as ‘Amardyuti Sandhya College’ was established in 1969 and is currently run by the government.<ref name="auto3"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A.S._College,_Deoghar&oldid=930577490|title=A.S. College, Deoghar|date=December 13, 2019|via=Wikipedia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hmthunt.com/ads-detail/satsang-tapovan-vidyalaya-deoghar|title=Satsang Tapovan Vidyalaya, Deoghar|website=www.hmthunt.com}}</ref>

===Museums===
A museum named ‘Memoria’ has been established at the Satsang Ashram in the memory of Thakur Anukulchandra. It displays the belongings of Thakur Anukulchandra and photographs of events and meetings with eminent personalities with him. Another museum is dedicated to his eldest son, Amarendranath Chakravarty (Sree Sree Borda).<ref name="auto3"/>

===Other centers and facilities===
Apart from the above institutions, Satsang Ashram has other centers and facilities like Ved Bhavan, dedicated for Vedic studies and recitations, Satsang Library, Kristibandav Natyashilpam (music and dramatic institution), Satsang Press, Satsang Carpentry, Engineering and Mechanical Workshop, Satsang garage, [[Goshala]] (Cowshed) etc.<ref name="auto3"/>

===Rain water harvesting system===
Due to increase in the number of devotees and tourists visiting the Satsang Ashram, [[water scarcity]] became an acute problem. So, The administrators and workers of the ashram developed a promising rain water harvesting system entirely on their own throughout the ashram premises. The project is still ongoing and being upgraded on a regular basis.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://satsang.org.in/index.php?p=rainwaterharvesting|title=Rainwater harvesting|website=satsang.org.in}}</ref><ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211208/wzC5JY1QRQE Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20201117183443/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzC5JY1QRQE Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite AV media| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzC5JY1QRQE| title = Satsang Ashram Deoghar rain Water Harvesting. | website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

==Functions and activities==
A number of functions are celebrated in the Satsang Ashram throughout the year. The birth anniversaries of Thakur Anukulchandra, his wife (Sree Sree Boromaa), his eldest son (Sree Sree Borda) and current Acharyadev are being celebrated in the Satsang Ashram. Other festivals related to the life events of Thakur Anukulchandra, Ritwik conferences are also being celebrated. Lacs of devotees from around the country and abroad arrive at the Ashram to attend the celebrations. Eminent personalities usually attend various Utsavs and functions at the Satsang Ashram.<ref name="auto2"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/jamtara/news/celebrated-thakur-sukh-chandra39s-birthday-in-satsang-nagar-063145-5687313.html|title=सत्संग नगर में ठाकुर अनुकूल चंद्र का जन्मोत्सव मनाया|first=Bhaskar|last=Automation|date=October 11, 2019|website=Dainik Bhaskar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/stampede-in-jharkhand-satsangha-ashram-116791-2012-09-24|title=12 dead, 30 injured in a stampede at Satsang Ashram in Jharkhand|first=Saiful|last=Haque|date=September 24, 2012|website=India Today}}</ref>

<gallery widths="200" heights="200" perrow="7">
File:Sree Sree Thakur in Thakur Bungalow.jpg|Statue of Sree Sree Thakur in Thakur bungalow, Satsang Ashram
File:Sree Sree Boro'maa at Thakur Bungalow.jpg|Statue of Sree Sree Boro'maa at Thakur Bungalow, Satsang Ashram
File:Devotees having Prasad in Anandabazar.jpg|Devotees having Prasad in Anandabazar
File:Food preparation in Anandabazar.jpg|Food preparation in Anandabazar
File:Clock tower in Satsang Ashram.jpg|Clock tower in Satsang Ashram
File:Satsang Ashram, in Deoghar 07.jpg|Shri Angan
File:Satsang Tapovan Vidyalaya in Deoghar 01.jpg|Tapovan Vidyalaya run by Satsang
File:Pracheta Manjil, house of Dr. Prachetaranjan Chakrabarty in Deoghar 07.jpg|Pracheta Manjil, house of Prachetaranjan Chakrabarty under Satsang Ashram
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website| https://www.satsang.org.in/}}
* [http://satsangamerica.org Satsang America | Being and Becoming with Ever Conscious Mind!]

[[Category:Ashrams]]

Ranikhet South Assembly constituency

2026-04-14T03:43:37Z

User3465346: creating new entry

{{Short description|Former constituency of the Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Ranikhet South
| type = SLA
| state = Uttar Pradesh
| district =
| reservation =
| established = 1952
| abolished = 1967
}}
'''Ranikhet South''' was one of the 454 constituencies in the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]] a northern state of [[India]]. Ranikhet South was also a part of [[Almora Lok Sabha constituency]] in present-day [[Uttarakhand]] state. This constituency delimited in 1962 to form [[Ranikhet Assembly constituency]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Sitting and previous MLAs from Ranikhet South Assembly Constituency |url=http://elections.traceall.in/vidhan-sabha-assembly-election-results/Ranikhet-South-in-Uttar-pradesh |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026214314/http://elections.traceall.in/vidhan-sabha-assembly-election-results/Ranikhet-South-in-Uttar-pradesh |archive-date=2017-10-26 |access-date=26 October 2017 |work=elections.traceall.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Uttar Pradesh Assembly Election Results in 1951 |url=http://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/1951-election-results.html |work=Elections.in |access-date=26 October 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=DELIMITATION OF PARLIAMENTARY AND ASSEMBLY CONSTITUENCIES ORDER, 2008 |url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/Acts/act_1962.pdf |work=Election commission of India |access-date= 26 October 2017 }}</ref>

==Member of Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Election!!Member!!colspan=2|Party
|-
| [[1951 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1951]]
| [[Hargovind Pant]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=5}}
|-
| [[1957 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
| [[Chandra Bhanu Gupta]]
|-
| [[1957 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1958 (By Poll)]]
| L. Singh
|-
| [[1957 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1961 (By Poll)]]
| Jang Bahadur
|-
| [[1962 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
| [[Chandra Bhanu Gupta]]
|-
|}

*1967 onwards: ''Constituency does not exist''

''See [[Ranikhet Assembly constituency]]''

==See also==

* [[Ranikhet (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]]
* [[Ranikhet]]
* [[Almora district]]
* [[List of constituencies of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{coords|29.64|79.43|display=title}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Almora district]]
[[Category:Politics of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1952]]
[[Category:1952 establishments in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 1967]]
[[Category:1967 disestablishments in India]]

Bangriposi Assembly constituency

2026-04-14T03:16:55Z

User3465346: made a page

{{Short description|Constituency of the Odisha legislative assembly in India}}
{{About| the assembly constituency|its eponymous town|Bangriposi}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Bangriposi
| state = [[Odisha]]
| constituency_no = 30
| type = SLA
| map_image =
| map_caption =
| map_alt =
| division = Central Division
| district = [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Mayurbhanj (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mayurbhanj]]
| established = 1977
| reservation = ST
| incumbent_image = Sanjali Murmu.jpg
| mla = [[Sanjali Murmu]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| electors = 2,24,301{{efn|as on 2024}}{{efn|as data published by election commission}}
}}

'''Bangriposi''' is a [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha]] [[List of constituencies of Odisha Vidhan Sabha|constituency]] of [[Mayurbhanj district]], [[Odisha]].

Area of this constituency includes Bangriposi block, Shamakhunta block and Kuliana block.

== Elected members ==

{{bar box
|float=right
|title= Vote share of winning candidates<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S18/partycomp5.htm|title= 5 - Bangriposi Assembly Constituency|work=eci.nic.in |year=2006 |quote=List Of Winning Candidates |accessdate= 28 March 2014}}</ref>
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=300px
|barwidth=275px
|bars=
{{bar percent|2024|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|49.94}}
{{bar percent|2019|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|42.91}}
{{bar percent|2014|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|40.64}}
{{bar percent|2009|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|36.13}}
{{bar percent|2004|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|22.46}}
{{bar percent|2000|{{party color|Independent}}|24.16}}
{{bar percent|1995|{{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}|29.98}}
{{bar percent|1990|{{party color|Independent}}|28.43}}
{{bar percent|1985|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|37.17}}
{{bar percent|1980|{{party color|Indian National Congress (I)}}|64.63}}
{{bar percent|1977|{{party color|Janata Party}}|48.44}}
}}

Since its formation in 1951, 18 elections were held till date including one bypoll in 1964.

List of members elected from Bangriposi constituency are:<ref name=prevMLAs>{{cite web|url=http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |title=Odisha Reference Annual - 2011 - List of Members of Odisha Legislative Assembly - (1951–2004) |access-date=6 October 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217121136/http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |archive-date=17 December 2013 }}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
!Year
!Portrait
!Member
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2024]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bangriposi Assembly Election Results 2024: Bangriposi Election Candidates List, Election Date, Vote Share - IndiaToday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/odisha/bangriposi-constituency-result-18029 |access-date=2025-06-19 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
|[[File:Sanjali Murmu.jpg|103x103px]]
|[[Sanjali Murmu]]
|{{full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|[[2019 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2019]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Bangriposi Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency |url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/bangriposi-odisha-assembly-constituency |access-date=2025-06-19 |website=resultuniversity.com}}</ref>
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Sudam Marndi.jpg|102x102px]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Sudam Marndi]]<ref name="election2019">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11679-odisha-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |title=State Election, 2019 to the Legislative Assembly of Odisha |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |accessdate=7 October 2021}}</ref>
|{{full party name with color|rowspan=4|Biju Janata Dal}}
|-
|[[2014 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2014]]<ref name=":1" />
|-
|[[2009 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2009]]<ref name=":1" />
|[[File:Sarojini Hembram Assemply Profile.jpg|104x104px]]
|[[Sarojini Hembram]]
|-
|[[2004 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
|
|Chaitanya Prasad Majhi
|-
|[[2000 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2000]]
|
|Purusottam Naik
|{{full party name with color|Independent}}
|-
|[[1995 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1995]]
|
|Ajen Murmu
|{{full party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}
|-
|[[1990 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
|[[File:Sudam Marndi.jpg|102x102px]]
|[[Sudam Marndi]]
|{{full party name with color|Independent}}
|-
|[[1985 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Kangoi Singh
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1980 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)|dab=yes}}
|-
|[[1977 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|
|Purusottam Naik
|{{full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
|[[1974 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1974]]
|
|Rudramohan Das
|{{full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}
|-
|[[1971 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1971]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Radhamohan Nayak.jpg|102x102px]]
| rowspan="2" |Radhamohan Nayak
|{{full party name with color|rowspan=2|Swatantra Party}}
|-
|[[1967 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|-
|1964 (bypoll){{efn|Death of Ishwar Chandra Nayak}}
| -
|Prasanna Kumar Das{{efn|Won Uncontested}}
|{{full party name with color|rowspan=2|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1961 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1961]]
| -
|Ishwar Chandra Nayak
|-
|[[1957 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
|[[File:Radhamohan Nayak.jpg|102x102px]]
|Radhamohan Nayak
|{{full party name with color|Ganatantra Parishad}}
|-
|[[1951 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1951]]
|
|Jadav Majhi
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}

==Election results==

=== 2024 ===
Voting were held on 1st June 2024 in 4th phase of Odisha Assembly Election & 7th phase of Indian General Election. Counting of votes was on 4th June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=General Election to Legislative Assembly of Odisha 2024 |url=https://elections24.eci.gov.in/election-details-odisa.html |website=[[Election Commission of India|ECI]]}}</ref> In 2024 election, [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate [[Sanjali Murmu]] defeated [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate Ranjita Marandi by a margin of 34,476 votes.<ref name=":0" />

{{Election box begin |
|title= [[2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2024 Odisha Vidhan Sabha Election]] Bangriposi}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Sanjali Murmu]]|votes=87,801|percentage=49.94|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Biju Janata Dal|candidate=Ranjita Marandi|votes=53,325|percentage=30.33|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Murali Dhar Naik|votes=13,085|percentage=7.44|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=628|percentage=0.36|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=34,476|percentage=19.61|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,75,820|percentage=78.30|change=}}
{{Election box gain with party link no swing|
|winner =Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Biju Janata Dal
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2019===
In 2019 election, [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate [[Sudam Marndi]] defeated [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate Sugda Murmu by a margin of 11,844 votes.<ref name=":1" />

{{Election box begin|
|title= [[2019 Odisha Legislative Assembly election]], Bangriposi}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Biju Janata Dal
|candidate = [[Sudam Marndi]]
|votes = 72,050
|percentage = 42.91
|change = {{increase}}2.27
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Sugda Murmu
|votes = 60,206
|percentage = 35.86
|change = {{increase}}15.75
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|candidate = Fagu Hansdah
|votes = 15,908
|percentage = 9.47
|change = {{decrease}}5.78
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the Above
|candidate = None of the Above
|votes = 2,027
|percentage = 1.21
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 11,844
|percentage = 7.05
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,67,914
|percentage = 79.7
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner= Biju Janata Dal
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2014 ===
In 2014 election, [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate [[Sudam Marndi]] defeated [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate Purusotam Naik by a margin of 31,529 votes.<ref name=":1" />

{{Election box begin |
|title= [[2014 Odisha Legislative Assembly election]], Bangriposi}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Biju Janata Dal
|candidate = [[Sudam Marndi]]
|votes = 62,406
|percentage = 40.46
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Purusotam Naik
|votes = 30,877
|percentage = 20.11
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Sundar Mohan Singh
|votes = 26,327
|percentage = 17.15
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|candidate = Ajen Murmu
|votes = 23,411
|percentage = 15.25
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the Above
|candidate = None of the Above
|votes = 2,508
|percentage = 1.63
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 31,529
|percentage = 20.35
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,53,544
|percentage = 84.1
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner= Biju Janata Dal
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2009 ===
In 2009 election, [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate [[Sarojini Hembram]] defeated [[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]] candidate [[Sudam Marndi]] by a margin of 6,331 votes.<ref name=":1" />

{{Election box begin |
|title= [[2009 Odisha Legislative Assembly election]], Bangriposi<ref name=election2009>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3630-orissa-2009/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2009 to the LEgislative Assembly of Orissa |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 6 October 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Biju Janata Dal
|candidate = [[Sarojini Hembram]]
|votes = 48,382
|percentage = 36.13
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|candidate = [[Sudam Marndi]]
|votes = 37,440
|percentage = 30.91
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Setanath Kisku
|votes = 15,262
|percentage = 12.60
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Gouri Naik
|votes = 12,131
|percentage = 10.01
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 6,331
|percentage = ''5.23''{{efn|%of total valid votes}}
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,21,285
|percentage = 76.75
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner= Biju Janata Dal
}}
{{Election box end}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mayurbhanj district}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Odisha|state=expanded}}
{{coords|22.15|86.54|display=title}}

[[Category:Politics of Mayurbhanj district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Odisha]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in Orissa]]

Rina Dhaka

2026-04-10T12:09:53Z

User3465346: creating details

{{Short description|Indian fashion designer}}
{{mi|
{{CoI|date=April 2024}}
{{like resume|date=October 2024}}
{{Update|date=September 2024}}
{{BLP sources|date=September 2024}}
}}

'''Rina Dhaka''' is an Indian [[fashion design]]er.

== Early life ==
Dhaka was born in [[Chandigarh]], and went to school at [[Carmel Convent School]] and then at the Government College for Girls, Chandigarh.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/fashion/shows/a-red-hot-finale-to-chandigarh-times-fashion-week-with-ridhima-pandit/articleshow/95282907.cms|title=A red hot finale to Chandigarh Times Fashion Week with Ridhima Pandit|newspaper=The Times of India |date=November 3, 2022}}</ref> After her family moved to [[Delhi]], her father enrolled her in a fashion design course. When she was 18, she interned at garment exporter Intercraft. She started her fashion line at [[Rohit Khosla]]'s atelier.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|last=Sachdev|first=Geetika|date=16 June 2020|title=Rina Dhaka: The Indian Fashion Designer Ruling The Global Runway|url=https://in.makers.yahoo.com/rina-dhaka-the-indian-fashion-designer-ruling-the-global-runway-030045202.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200730030646/https://in.makers.yahoo.com/rina-dhaka-the-indian-fashion-designer-ruling-the-global-runway-030045202.html |archivedate=30 July 2020 |url-status=dead|website=Makers India}}</ref>

== Career ==
Dhaka started in the fashion industry in the 1980s as a model,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessworld.in/article/Rina-Dhaka-The-Gaultier-of-East/11-05-2017-117992/|title=Rina Dhaka The Gaultier of the East|via=BusinessWorld.in}}</ref> and in the 1990s she designed [[churidar]] made from [[spandex]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/fashion/designers/designermusing-rina-dhaka-reminisces-the-glorious-days-of-indian-fashion/articleshow/85522221.cms|title=#Designermusing: Rina Dhaka reminisces the glorious days of Indian fashion|newspaper=The Times of India |date=September 5, 2021}}</ref> In 2009, she was part of a group of designers who created female [[Swimsuit|beachwear]], which was criticized as not being appropriate for use in India.<ref>{{cite news|title=Are Indian women ready for beachwear? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/fashion/buzz/are-indian-women-ready-for-beachwear/articleshow/5202111.cms|access-date=2021-07-13|website=The Times of India|date=8 December 2009 |language=en}}</ref> In July 2010, she launched a collection inspired by cobwebs, promoted by Indian actress [[Lara Dutta]].<ref>{{cite web|date=2010-07-25|title=A nostalgic Lara walks the ramp for Rina Dhaka|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-a-nostalgic-lara-walks-the-ramp-for-rina-dhaka-1414477|access-date=2021-07-13|website=DNA India|language=en}}</ref> In 2012, Dhaka revamped menus and menu cards, uniforms, and store interiors for the Indian coffee shop chain [[Barista (company)|Barista Lavazza]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Mookerji|first=Nivedita|title=Starbucks effect: Barista ropes in Rina Dhaka|url=https://www.rediff.com/business/report/starbucks-effect-barista-ropes-in-rina-dhaka/20121101.htm|access-date=2021-07-13|website=Rediff|language=en}}</ref> In 2018, Dhaka was a student mentor at the [[JD Institute of Fashion Technology]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Ganguli|first=Aakriti|date=2018-02-05|title=Fashion designer Rina Dhaka turns mentor for the students of a fashion institute|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/lifestyle/fashion-fashion-designer-rina-dhaka-turns-mentor-for-the-students-of-jd-institute-of-fashion-technology-426226|access-date=2021-07-13|website=www.indiatvnews.com|language=en}}</ref> In 2019, she collaborated with a plus-size store,<ref name=":0" /> and launched a collection for maternity wear.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|title=Today, fashion can be anything, says designer Rina Dhaka|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/leisure/2019/08/02/today-fashion-can-be-anything-says-designer-rinadhaka.html|access-date=2021-07-13|website=The Week|language=en}}</ref> In 2020, Dhaka collaborated with sustainable manufacturer LIVA for the collection ''Sustainable Romanticism''.<ref>{{cite web|date=2020-12-28|title=Fashion Designer Rina Dhaka on why being thoughtfully fashionable is the only way forward in these unprecedented times|url=https://www.vogue.in/story/fashion-designer-rina-dhaka-on-why-being-thoughtfully-fashionable-is-the-only-way-forward-in-these-unprecedented-times/|access-date=2021-07-09|website=Vogue India|language=en-IN}}</ref> In 2021, Dhaka partnered with Ruma Devu to feature a tribal fashion show.<ref>{{cite web|date=8 February 2021|title=Aadi Mahotsav highlights Rina Dhaka and Ruma Devi's tribal fashion|url=https://ruralmarketing.in/stories/aadi-mahotsav-highlights-rina-dhaka-and-ruma-devis-tribal-fashion/|website=Rural Marketing|access-date=9 July 2021|archive-date=21 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321133315/https://ruralmarketing.in/stories/aadi-mahotsav-highlights-rina-dhaka-and-ruma-devis-tribal-fashion/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite newsgroup |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/dhaka-top-designers-to-train-ups-craftsmen/articleshow/79769000.cms |title=Rina Dhaka, top designers to train Uttar Pradesh's craftsmen |last=Lalch |first=Neha |date=December 17, 2020 |language=en |access-date=2021-07-09}}</ref>

Dhaka's designs are distinguished by the use of both traditional and modern materials, with an increasing emphasis on sustainability, and on sustaining traditional craftwork skills.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/dhaka-top-designers-to-train-ups-craftsmen/articleshow/79769000.cms|title=Rina Dhaka, top designers to train Uttar Pradesh's craftsmen|newspaper=The Times of India |date=December 17, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.in/story/fashion-designer-rina-dhaka-on-why-being-thoughtfully-fashionable-is-the-only-way-forward-in-these-unprecedented-times/|title=Fashion Designer Rina Dhaka on why being thoughtfully fashionable is the only way forward in these unprecedented times|date=December 28, 2020|website=Vogue India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/amazonindiafashionweek-a-saree-is-still-the-best-source-of-inspiration-for-rina-dhaka/articleshow/54833539.cms?from=mdr|title=#AmazonIndiaFashionWeek: A saree is still the best source of inspiration for Rina Dhaka|first=Khushi|last=Khanna|newspaper=The Economic Times |date=October 13, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/lifestyle/rina-dhaka-who-presents-her-latest-collection-today-at-fdci-x-lakme-fashion-week-talks-about-her-designs-and-inspiration|title=Rina Dhaka, who presents her latest collection today at FDCI x Lakme Fashion Week, talks about her designs and inspiration|website=Free Press Journal}}</ref>

Dhaka's designs have been worn by celebrities including [[Naomi Campbell]], [[Uma Thurman]] and Lara Dutta, exhibited at [[Louvre|The Louvre]] in [[Paris]] and the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] in [[New York City]].<ref name=":1" />

Dhaka has worked for an NGO in Delhi "ensuring ration is distributed."<ref name=":0" />

Dhaka appears as herself in the Bollywood film ''[[Sandeep Aur Pinky Faraar]]''. She is an advocate for sustainable development, and an ambassador for [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals]] (PETA) India, advocating for laws and governance against animal cruelty.<ref>{{cite web| title= Fashion designer Rina Dhaka on why being thoughtfully fashionable is the only way forward in these unprecedented times - vogue| url = https://www.vogue.in/story/fashion-designer-rina-dhaka-on-why-being-thoughtfully-fashionable-is-the-only-way-forward-in-these-unprecedented-times/ | access-date=2020-12-08 |website = vogue india| language= en}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Dhaka has spoken publicly about her diagnosis with breast cancer in 2017, and her subsequent treatment and recovery.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/health/national-cancer-awareness-day-i-dealt-with-it-with-the-motto-one-day-at-a-time-says-rina-dhaka-101636278886238.html|title=National Cancer Awareness Day: I dealt with it with the motto 'One day at a time' says Rina Dhaka|date=November 7, 2021|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

She is a [[Buddhism|Buddhist]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Pandit|first=Geetanjali|title=Buddha at Work: Finding Purpose, Balance and Happiness at Your Workplace|publisher=New Holland Publishers|year=2017|isbn=9781760790547}}</ref>

== Awards ==
Dhaka won the Yuva Ratan award in 1993. In 2004, she won the designer choice award at [[Miami Fashion Week]].<ref>{{cite news| title= Haute in Miami - Times of India| url =https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/delhi-times/haute-in-miami/articleshow/692820.cms | access-date=2004-06-23 | website = The Times of India| date =23 May 2004 | language = en}}</ref>

Dhaka received the Rajiv Gandhi excellence award in 2017.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/fashion/shows/tejasswi-prakash-rocks-thigh-high-slit-as-she-turns-showstopper-for-rina-dhaka/articleshow/94737565.cms|title=Tejasswi Prakash rocks thigh-high slit as she turns showstopper for Rina Dhaka|newspaper=The Times of India |date=October 9, 2022}}</ref> She unveiled the 'explorer spring summer' in 2018, where Bollywood actor [[Nidhhi Agerwal]] walked the ramp as the showstopper. In 2019, she was an honorary member of the Bharat conclave celebrating Mahatma Gandhi's 150th birthday in London.<ref>{{cite web |title = Bharat Conclave 2019 to celebrate Gandhi@150 in London |url = https://asianlite.com/2019/news/asia-diaspora-news/bharat-conclave-2019-to-celebrate-gandhi150-in-london/ |access-date = 2019-07-10 |website = Asian Lite |date = 10 July 2019 |language = en |archive-date = 2021-08-01 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210801190105/https://asianlite.com/2019/news/asia-diaspora-news/bharat-conclave-2019-to-celebrate-gandhi150-in-london/ |url-status = dead }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://rinadhaka.in/ Official website]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dhaka, Rina}}
[[Category:Indian women fashion designers]]
[[Category:Indian fashion designers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Anand Mahato

2026-04-04T03:10:22Z

User3465346: made new page

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Anand Mahato
| image = File:Anand Mahato.jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = January 23, 1942
| birth_place = [[Sindri (Dhanbad)|Sindri]], [[Dhanbad district]], [[Jharkhand]], [[India]]
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| office = Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA)
| constituency = [[Sindri Assembly constituency|Sindri]]
| term_start = 1977
| term_end = 2000
| party = [[Marxist Coordination Committee]] (before 2024), [[CPI(ML) Liberation]] (after 2024)
| children = [[Bablu Mahato]]
| profession = Politician, social worker
}}

'''Anand Mahato''' (born January 23, 1942) was an Indian politician and social worker who served four terms as a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) from the [[Sindri Assembly constituency]] in [[Dhanbad]], [[Jharkhand]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://myneta.info/jarka09/candidate.php?candidate_id=294|title=ANAND MAHATO(Marxist Co-ordination):Constituency- Sindri(Dhanbad) - Affidavit Information of Candidate|website=myneta.info}}</ref><ref>https://mccsindri.in/</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/election/lok-sabha-elections/jharkhand/candidates/anand-mahato-mco-2014-dhanbad-7-jharkhand-110185|title=Mco Anand Mahato Candidate Dhanbad Jharkhand Lok Sabha Election Result 2014|website=Amar Ujala}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/dhanbad-dhanbad-news-fourtime-mla-anand-mahato-retired-from-electoral-politics-22359763.html|title=चार बार विधायक रहे आनंद महतो ने चुनावी राजनीति से लिया संन्यास - dhanbad news Four-time MLA Anand Mahato retired from electoral politics - Jharkhand Dhanbad Politics News|website=Jagran}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/jharkhand/dhanbad/news/former-sindri-mla-anand-mahato-met-the-governor-133522556.html|title=Former Sindri MLA Anand Mahato met the Governor | राज्यपाल से मिले सिंदरी के पूर्व विधायक आनंद महतो: बिनोद बिहारी महतो कोयलांचल विश्वविद्यालय धनबाद के अंगीभूत कॉलेजों में हो इंटर की पढ़ाई, किया आग्रह - Dhanbad News}}</ref> An advocate for workers' rights and social justice, Mahato was a key figure in the [[Marxist Coordination Committee]] (MCC) until its merger with [[CPI(ML) Liberation]] in 2024.

== Political career ==

Anand Mahato's political career was deeply intertwined with the struggles of the working class in Jharkhand. He was one of the founding members of the [[Marxist Coordination Committee]] (MCC) and played a crucial role in its efforts to advance leftist ideologies in the region.

== See also ==
* [[Marxist Coordination Committee]]
* [[CPI(ML) Liberation]]
* [[Bablu Mahato]]
* [[Sindri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{improve categories|date=November 2024}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahato, Anand}}
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Dhanbad district]]
[[Category:Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation politicians]]

Pistha (1997 film)

2026-04-01T01:41:31Z

User3465346: creating a data!

{{short description|1997 film by K. S. Ravikumar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Pistha (1997 film).jpg
| caption = DVD cover
| director = [[K. S. Ravikumar]]
| screenplay = K. S. Ravikumar
| story = M. A. Kennedy
| producer = [[Pyramid Natarajan]]
| starring = [[Karthik (actor)|Karthik]] [[Nagma]]
| cinematography = Ashok Rajan
| editing = K. Thanikachalam
| music = [[S. A. Rajkumar]]
| studio = Pyramid Films International
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1997|5|9}}
| runtime = 152 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}
'''''Pistha''''' ({{translation|Crook}} {{lit|[[Pistachio]]}}) is a 1997 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[comedy film]] directed by [[K. S. Ravikumar]] and produced by [[Pyramid Natarajan]], starring [[Karthik (actor)|Karthik]] and [[Nagma]] in the lead roles. The film was released on 9 May 1997 and became a major success. The film was remade in Kannada as ''Rusthum'' (2001).<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2013 |title=Rusthum – ರುಸ್ತುಂ (2001/೨೦೦೧) |url=https://kannadamoviesinfo.wordpress.com/2013/11/14/rusthum-2001/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231021111448/https://kannadamoviesinfo.wordpress.com/2013/11/14/rusthum-2001/ |archive-date=21 October 2023 |access-date=21 October 2023 |website=Kannada Movies Info}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Manigandan is a server in a hotel who is a devotee of [[Ayyappan]] (the bachelor god). He follows a fasting for Ayyappan and is very sincere and honest. One day, a businessman, named Dharmaraj visits the hotel where Manigandan works. He admires Manigandan's sincerity and offers him the general manager job in his factory at [[Ooty]]. Dharmaraj takes Manigandan to his factory and office to introduce him to his employees who do not do any work but play games, sit idle, watch TV etc. Innocent Mani does not understand why employees do not work but gets scared that he must manage all of them, a task which was impossible for 419 managers before him.

Manigandan sees a woman who breaks everything she sees, and yet Dharmaraj pays for everything she breaks. He finds out that she is Vennila, daughter of Dharmaraj who is a spoilt woman who cannot be controlled even by her father. Manigandan and Vennila fight frequently. Vennila makes every attempt to get rid of him, but a spark develops between them.

Vennila visits the home of her sister's lover to give money for their expenses. She finds out that she must inherit all her grandfather's property if she can continue to afford money for them. The only way to inherit the property is to get married as per his will. She wants to help her sister, so decides to marry Manigandan and attempts to win his heart. Manigandan also declares his love for Vennila but Dharmaraj objects to the match as Vennila is very dangerous girl and she might spoil his life. He is reluctantly persuaded to accept the marriage, and Manigandan and Vennila marry.

On the day of the marriage, to everybody's surprise, Manigandan is revealed to be an ex-convict and a crook. Vennila is shocked by this. It is now Manigandan's turn to overpower Vennila and he begins his game. The rest of the story follows with the fight between Manigandan and Vennila and how Manigandan surpasses Vennila's arrogance. In the end, it is revealed that the sister's lover is actually a crook who is already married and had illicitly socialised with her sister as he wanted to steal her property. In a fight ensuing, Manigandan pushes him and makes him disabled, Vennila asks for forgiveness to Manigandan & Co for her mistakes which they eventually accept. The film ends with Manigandan turning into Ayyappan devotee again.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Karthik (actor)|Karthik]] as Manikandan aka Pistha Mani
* [[Nagma]] as Vennila
* [[T. S. B. K. Mouli|Mouli]] as Dharmaraj
* [[Manivannan]] as Kesavan, Manikandan's friend
* [[Jayashree (Tamil actress)|Jayashree]] as Shanti
* [[Sindhu (actress)|Sindhu]]
* [[Balu Anand]] as Balu, Dharmaraj's servant
* [[Vasu Vikram]] as Ramakrishnan, Dharmaraj's ex-manager
* [[Mansoor Ali Khan (actor)|Mansoor Ali Khan]] as Adv. Adhimoolam
* [[Idichapuli Selvaraj]]
* [[Oru Viral Krishna Rao]]
* Kavignar Kalidasan as hotel owner
* Kumar Natarajan
* [[Bayilvan Ranganathan]]
* [[Crane Manohar]] as a house guest
* [[K. S. Ravikumar]] in a special appearance
}}

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[S. A. Rajkumar]] and lyrics were penned by Kavignar Kalidasan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 January 1997 |title=Pistha (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/pistha-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1577990380 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109090620/https://music.apple.com/in/album/pistha-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1577990380 |archive-date=9 January 2023 |access-date=17 February 2023 |website=[[Apple Music]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Naerukku Naer / Pistha / Minsara Kanavu |url=https://avdigital.in/products/naerukku-naer-pistha-minsara-kanavu |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805052622/https://avdigital.in/products/naerukku-naer-pistha-minsara-kanavu |archive-date=5 August 2021 |access-date=21 October 2023 |website=AVDigital}}</ref>

{{tracklist
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 26:49
| title1 = Pistha Pistha
| extra1 = –
| note1 = Instrumental
| length1 = 0:45
| title2 = Azhagu Puyala Ultra
| extra2 = [[Harini (singer)|Harini]]
| length2 = 4:45
| title3 = Kangalile Oru Kadhal Nila
| extra3 = [[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[Sujatha Mohan|Sujatha]]
| length3 = 5:02
| title4 = Oh Oh Kattuna Ponna
| extra4 = [[Malaysia Vasudevan]], Mano
| length4 = 4:47
| title5 = Siru Siru Manithuli
| extra5 = [[K. S. Chithra]]
| length5 = 1:08
| title6 = Siru Siru
| note6 = sad
| extra6 = K. S. Chithra
| length6 = 0:46
| title7 = Kozhi Curry Konduvaratta
| extra7 = [[Karthik (actor)|Karthik]]
| length7 = 4:36
| title8 = Saranam Ayyappa
| extra8 = [[P. Unnikrishnan]]
| length8 = 5:00
}}

== Release and reception ==
''Pistha'' was released on 9 May 1997.<ref>{{Cite web |last=S |first=Karthikeyan |date=9 May 2023 |title=26 Years Of Pistha: காமெடியில் சக்க போடு போட்ட கார்த்திக்கின் 'பிஸ்தா' ரிலீஸான நாள் இன்று |url=https://tamil.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/actor-karthiks-pistha-movie-completes-26-years-of-its-release-on-may-8-131683556012844.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230509054718/https://tamil.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/actor-karthiks-pistha-movie-completes-26-years-of-its-release-on-may-8-131683556012844.html |archive-date=9 May 2023 |access-date=21 October 2023 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=ta}}</ref> Kousi from ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' wrote that if viewers discard all logic and fool themselves, they can laugh for two hours without questioning anything.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=கெளசி |date=1 June 1997 |title=பிஸ்தா |url=https://archive.org/details/kalki1997-06-01/page/80/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230213052652/https://archive.org/details/kalki1997-06-01/page/80/mode/2up |archive-date=13 February 2023 |access-date=17 February 2023 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=80 |language=ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> The film became a major success,<ref>{{Cite web |title=A-Z Continues... |url=http://www.indolink.com/tamil/cinema/Specials/97/Oct/a-z/atoz-5.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424003725/http://www.indolink.com/tamil/cinema/Specials/97/Oct/a-z/atoz-5.htm |archive-date=24 April 2013 |access-date=12 January 2022 |website=Indolink}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sundaram |first=Nandhu |date=23 June 2022 |title=Arunachalam to Kadhalukku Mariyadhai: 1997 witnessed many huge hits in Tamil cinema |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/arunachalam-kadhalukku-mariyadhai-1997-witnessed-many-huge-hits-tamil-cinema-165216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220623115730/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/arunachalam-kadhalukku-mariyadhai-1997-witnessed-many-huge-hits-tamil-cinema-165216 |archive-date=23 June 2022 |access-date=17 February 2023 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref> and Lalitha-Mani won the [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Choreographer|Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Dance Director]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 November 1998 |title=Tamilnadu Government Cinema Awards For 1997 Announced: Best Film Award For "Arunachalam", "Surya Vamsam" |url=http://www.dinakaran.com/cinema/english/awards/27-11-98/g_award.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990203194036/http://www.dinakaran.com/cinema/english/awards/27-11-98/g_award.htm |archive-date=3 February 1999 |access-date=8 October 2023 |website=[[Dinakaran]]}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}
*{{Rotten Tomatoes}}
{{K. S. Ravikumar}}

[[Category:1997 Indian films]]
[[Category:1997 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1997 comedy films]]
[[Category:1997 films]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. S. Ravikumar]]
[[Category:Films scored by S. A. Rajkumar]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by K. S. Ravikumar]]
[[Category:Indian comedy films]]
[[Category:Tamil films remade in other languages]]
[[Category:Tamil-language comedy films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

The Atlantic

2026-03-25T16:57:10Z

User3465346: minor reworked lead per sources also and fixed typos

{{Short description|American magazine and publisher}}
{{For-multi|the body of water|Atlantic Ocean|other uses|Atlantic (disambiguation)}}
{{Distinguish|The Athletic}}
{{Use American English|date=November 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox magazine
| title = The Atlantic
| publisher = [[Laurene Powell Jobs]]
| logo = The-Atlantic-logo-vector.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert
| image_file = The Atlantic September 2020 issue cover.jpg
| image_caption = Cover of the September 2020 issue
| editor_title = Editor-in-chief
| editor = [[Jeffrey Goldberg]]
| previous_editor = [[James Bennet (journalist)|James Bennet]]
| category = {{hlist|Literature|political science|foreign affairs|lifestyle}}
| frequency = {{Plainlist|
* Monthly (1857–2000, 2025–)
* Eleven issues a year (2001–2002)
* Ten issues a year (2003–2024)
}}
| circulation_year = 2024
| total_circulation = 1,107,293<ref>{{Cite web |title=Total Circ for Magazine Media |url=https://abcas3.auditedmedia.com/ecirc/magtitlesearch.asp |website=[[Alliance for Audited Media]] |date=June 30, 2024 |access-date=October 13, 2024}}</ref>
| founder = {{unbulleted list|[[Moses Dresser Phillips]]|[[Francis H. Underwood]]|[[Ralph Waldo Emerson]]|[[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]]}}
| founded = {{start date and age|1857}}
| firstdate = {{start date and age|1857|11|01}} (as ''The Atlantic Monthly'')
| company = [[Emerson Collective]]
| country = United States
| based = [[Boston]] until 2005; [[Washington, D.C.]], U.S. since 2005<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historical Facts About The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/about/atlfaqf.htm |website=The Atlantic |access-date=July 21, 2016 |archive-date=April 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422163133/http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/about/atlfaqf.htm |url-status=live}}</ref>
| language = English
| website = {{URL|https://www.theatlantic.com/|theatlantic.com}}
| issn = 1072-7825
| eissn = 2151-9463
| oclc = 936540106 
}}

'''''The Atlantic''''' is an American magazine and multi-platform publisher based in [[Washington, D.C.]] It features articles on politics, foreign affairs, business and the economy, culture and the arts, technology, and science.

It was founded in 1857 in [[Boston]] as '''''The Atlantic Monthly''''', a literary and cultural magazine that published leading writers' commentary on education, the [[Antislavery Movement In America|abolition of slavery]], and other major political issues of that time. Its founders included [[Francis H. Underwood]]<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |last=Chevalier |first=Tracy |title=The Atlantic Monthly American magazine, 1857 |date=2012 |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of the Essay |quote=The Atlantic Monthly was founded in Boston in 1857 by Francis Underwood (an assistant to the publisher...}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sedgwick |first=Ellery |author-link=Ellery Sedgwick |date=2009 |orig-year=1994 |title=A History of the Atlantic Monthly, 1857–1909: Yankee Humanism at High Tide and Ebb |edition=Reprint |location=Amherst, Mass. |publisher=University of Massachusetts Press |page=3 |isbn=9781558497931 |oclc=368048027}}</ref> and prominent writers [[W. E. B. Du Bois]], [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]], [[Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.]], [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]], [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]], and [[John Greenleaf Whittier]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Letters of John Greenleaf Whittier |last=Whittier |first=John Greenleaf |volume=2 |date=1975 |page=318}} "... owever, was the founding of the Atlantic Monthly in 1857. Initiated by Francis Underwood and with Lowell as its first editor, the magazine had been sponsored and organized by Lowell, Emerson, Holmes, and Longfellow."</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Goodman |first=Susan |title=Republic of Words: The Atlantic Monthly and Its Writers |date=2011 |page=90}}</ref> [[James Russell Lowell]] was its first editor.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=The Atlantic {{!}} History, Ownership, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Atlantic-Monthly |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=August 24, 2017}}</ref> During the 19th and 20th centuries, the magazine also published the annual ''The Atlantic Monthly [[Almanac]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Atlantic Monthly Almanac |url=https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/serial?id=atlanticalmanac |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924120538/https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/serial?id=atlanticalmanac |archive-date=September 24, 2021 |access-date=September 24, 2021 |website=University of Pennsylvania libraries}}</ref> The magazine was purchased in 1999 by businessman [[David G. Bradley]], who fashioned it into a general editorial magazine primarily aimed at serious national readers and "[[thought leader]]s"; in 2017, he sold a majority interest in the publication to [[Laurene Powell Jobs]]'s [[Emerson Collective]].<ref name="White 2017">{{Cite news |last=White |first=Gillian B. |title=Emerson Collective Acquires Majority Stake in The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2017/07/emerson-collective-atlantic-coalition/535215/ |work=The Atlantic |date=July 28, 2017 |access-date=July 28, 2017 |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208140321/https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2017/07/emerson-collective-atlantic-coalition/535215/ |url-status=live |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Laurene Powell Jobs is buying the Atlantic magazine |first=Edmund |last=Lee |url=https://www.recode.net/2017/7/28/16055162/laurene-powell-jobs-acquired-atlantic-magazine-publisher-steve-widow-philanthropist-nonprofit |work=Recode |date=July 28, 2017 |access-date=September 17, 2018 |archive-date=April 9, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409121628/https://www.recode.net/2017/7/28/16055162/laurene-powell-jobs-acquired-atlantic-magazine-publisher-steve-widow-philanthropist-nonprofit |url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Laurene Powell Jobs - Politico 50 2018 |url=https://www.politico.com/interactives/2018/politico50/laurene-powell-jobs/ |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=September 17, 2018 |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208140321/https://www.politico.com/interactives/2018/politico50/laurene-powell-jobs/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

The magazine was published monthly until 2001, when 11 issues were produced; since 2003, it has published 10 per year. It dropped "Monthly" from the cover with the January/February 2004 issue, and officially changed the name in 2007.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kuczynski |first=Alex |date=May 7, 2001 |title=Media Talk: This Summer, It's the Atlantic Not-Monthly |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/07/business/07ATLA.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160717062535/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/07/business/07ATLA.html?ex=1224129600&en=7a32bba6b6e6f7ff&ei=5070 |archive-date=July 17, 2016 |access-date=October 7, 2010 |newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> In 2024, it announced that it will resume publishing monthly issues in 2025.<ref name="cnn-20241011">{{Cite web |last=Stelter |first=Brian |date=2024-10-11 |title=The Atlantic is expanding its print magazine as it surpasses 1 million subscribers {{!}} CNN Business |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/10/11/media/the-atlantic-magazine-print-monthly-subscription |access-date=2024-10-11 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |author= |title=The Atlantic to Grow Newsroom and Return to Monthly Publication in 2025 |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2024/10/atlantic-returns-monthly-publication/680223/ |magazine=The Atlantic |date=2024-10-11 |access-date=2024-10-13}}</ref> In 2016, the periodical was named Magazine of the Year by the [[American Society of Magazine Editors]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Steigrad |first=Alexandra |date=February 2, 2016 |title=The American Society of Magazine Editors Crowns The Atlantic Magazine of the Year at Ellies |url=https://wwd.com/business-news/media/american-society-magazine-editors-asme-winners-2016-ellies-national-magazine-awards-atlantic10336083-10336083/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108141026/https://wwd.com/business-news/media/american-society-magazine-editors-asme-winners-2016-ellies-national-magazine-awards-atlantic10336083-10336083/ |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=April 26, 2017 |work=WWD}}</ref> In 2022, its writers won [[Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing|Pulitzer Prizes for feature writing]] and, in 2022, 2023, and 2024 ''The Atlantic'' won the award for general excellence by the American Society of Magazine Editors. In 2024, it was reported that the magazine had crossed one million subscribers<ref name="cnn-20241011" /> and become profitable, three years after losing $20 million in a single year and laying off 17% of its staff.

As of 2024, the website's executive editor is [[Adrienne LaFrance]], the editor-in-chief is [[Jeffrey Goldberg]], and the CEO is [[Nicholas Thompson (editor)|Nicholas Thompson]]. According to a 2025 [[Pew Research Center]] study on educational differences among audiences of 30 major U.S. [[News media|news outlets]], ''The Atlantic'' had the highest proportion of [[Undergraduate education|college-educated]] readers, with 62% of its audience holding at least a [[bachelor's degree]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lipka |first=Mary Randolph and Michael |date=2025-08-18 |title=How the audiences of 30 major news sources differ in their levels of education |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/08/18/how-the-audiences-of-30-major-news-sources-differ-in-their-levels-of-education/ |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=Pew Research Center |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Founding==
===19th century===
[[File:James Russell Lowell - 1855.jpg|thumb|[[James Russell Lowell]], the first editor of ''The Atlantic'']]
In the autumn of 1857, [[Moses Dresser Phillips]], a publisher from [[Boston]], created ''The Atlantic Monthly''. The plan for the magazine was launched at a dinner party at the Parker House Hotel in Boston,<ref name="How The Atlantic Began">{{cite web| url = https://www.theatlantic.com/personal/archive/2017/05/how-the-atlantic-began/622431/ | title = How The Atlantic Began | last = Goldberg | first = Jeffrey | date = 5 May 2017 | website = The Atlantic | publisher = The Atlantic | access-date = 5 Dec 2025}}</ref> which was described in a letter by Phillips:

{{blockquote|I must tell you about a little dinner-party I gave about two weeks ago. It would be proper, perhaps, to state the origin of it was a desire to confer with my literary friends on a somewhat extensive literary project, the particulars of which I shall reserve till you come. But to the Party: My invitations included only [[Ralph Waldo Emerson|R. W. Emerson]], [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow|H. W. Longfellow]], [[James Russell Lowell|J. R. Lowell]], [[John Lothrop Motley|Mr. Motley]] (the 'Dutch Republic' man), [[Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.|O. W. Holmes]], [[James Elliot Cabot|Mr. Cabot]], and [[Francis H. Underwood|Mr. Underwood]], our literary man. Imagine your uncle as the head of such a table, with such guests. The above named were the only ones invited, and they were all present. We sat down at three P.M., and rose at eight. The time occupied was longer by about four hours and thirty minutes than I am in the habit of consuming in that kind of occupation, but it was the richest time intellectually by all odds that I have ever had. Leaving myself and 'literary man' out of the group, I think you will agree with me that it would be difficult to duplicate that number of such conceded scholarship in the whole country besides... Each one is known alike on both sides of the Atlantic, and is read beyond the limits of the English language.<ref name="Hale 1898">{{cite book |last1=Hale |first1=Edward Everett |author1-link=Edward Everett Hale |title=James Russell Lowell and His Friends |date=1899 |oclc=5923947 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company |location=Boston |pages=157–158 |url=https://archive.org/details/lowellandfriends00halerich/page/154/mode/1up?ref=ol&view=theater |via=Open Library}}</ref>}}

At that dinner he announced his idea for the magazine:

{{blockquote|Mr. Cabot is much wiser than I am. Dr. Holmes can write funnier verses than I can. Mr. Motley can write history better than I. Mr. Emerson is a philosopher and I am not. Mr. Lowell knows more of the old poets than I. But none of you knows the American people as well as I do.<ref name="Hale 1898" />}}

[[Harriet Beecher Stowe]] was invited to the dinner party but declined because it served alcohol.<ref name="How The Atlantic Began"></ref> She signed the manifesto that set out the goals of the paper along with [[Herman Melville]] and [[Nathaniel Hawthorne]],<ref name="How The Atlantic Began"></ref> and ''The Atlantic'' today credits her as one of its founders.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.theatlantic.com/author/harriet-beecher-stowe/ | title = Harriet Beecher Stowe | website = The Atlantic | access-date = 5 Dec 2025}}</ref>

''The Atlantic''{{'}}s first issue was published in November 1857, and quickly gained notability as one of the finest magazines in the English-speaking world.{{Citation needed|date=February 2026}}

In 1878, the magazine absorbed ''[[The Galaxy (magazine)|The Galaxy]]'', a competitor monthly magazine founded a dozen years previously by [[William Conant Church]] and his brother [[Francis P. Church]]; it had published works by [[Mark Twain]], [[Walt Whitman]], [[Ion Hanford Perdicaris]] and [[Henry James]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://whitmanarchive.org/biography/correspondence/tei/prc.00024.html |title=Walt Whitman to Francis P. Church and William C. Church, 15 November 1869 (Correspondence) |website=The Walt Whitman Archive |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002103648/https://whitmanarchive.org/biography/correspondence/tei/prc.00024.html |archive-date=October 2, 2023 |access-date=July 28, 2024 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 1879, ''The Atlantic'' had offices in [[Winthrop Square (Boston)|Winthrop Square]] in Boston and at 21 [[Astor Place]] in [[New York City]].<ref>''The Atlantic Monthly'', Volume 43 (1879)</ref>

==Literary history==
[[File:Battle Hymn of the Republic.jpg|thumb|In February 1862, ''The Atlantic'' was first to publish the "[[Battle Hymn of the Republic]]".]]
[[File:1873 AtlanticMonthly TremontSt Boston.png|thumb|The magazine's office Ticknor & Fields at 124 Tremont Street in [[Boston]], {{Circa|1868}}<ref>''Boston Directory'', 1868.</ref>]]
A leading literary magazine, ''The Atlantic'' has published many significant works and authors. It was the first to publish pieces by the abolitionists [[Julia Ward Howe]] ("[[Battle Hymn of the Republic]]" on February 1, 1862), and [[William Parker (abolitionist)|William Parker]], whose [[slave narrative]], "The Freedman's Story" was published in February and March 1866. It also published [[Charles W. Eliot]]'s "The New Education", a call for practical reform that led to his appointment to the presidency of [[Harvard University]] in 1869, works by [[Charles Chesnutt]] before he collected them in ''[[The Conjure Woman]]'' (1899), and poetry and short stories, and helped launch many national literary careers.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} In 2005, the magazine won a National Magazine Award for fiction.<ref>{{cite web |title=Esquire Wins 2005 National Magazine Award |url=http://www.hearst.com/newsroom/esquire-wins-2005-national-magazine-award |website=Hearst |date=April 13, 2005 |access-date=April 12, 2018 |archive-date=April 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413043235/http://www.hearst.com/newsroom/esquire-wins-2005-national-magazine-award |url-status=live}}</ref>

Editors have recognized major cultural changes and movements. For example, of the emerging writers of the 1920s, [[Ernest Hemingway]] had his short story "[[Fifty Grand]]" published in the July 1927 edition. Harking back to its abolitionist roots, in its August 1963 edition, at the height of the [[civil rights movement]], the magazine published [[Martin Luther King Jr.]]'s defense of [[civil disobedience]], "[[Letter from Birmingham Jail]]",<ref>{{cite web |last=King |first=Martin Luther Jr. |title=Martin Luther King's 'Letter From Birmingham Jail' |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/02/letter-from-a-birmingham-jail/552461/ |url-status=live |work=The Atlantic |volume=212 |number=2 |pages=78–88 |date=April 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120184141/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/02/letter-from-a-birmingham-jail/552461/ |archive-date=January 20, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref> under the headline "The Negro Is Your Brother".<ref>{{cite book |last=Rieder |first=Jonathan |year=2013 |title=Gospel of Freedom: Martin Luther King, Jr.'s 'Letter From Birmingham Jail' |chapter='Free At Last?' |location=New York |publisher=Bloomsbury Press |isbn=978-1-62040-058-6}}</ref>

The magazine has published speculative articles that inspired the development of new technologies. The classic example is [[Vannevar Bush]]'s essay "[[As We May Think]]" (July 1945), which inspired [[Douglas Engelbart]] and later [[Ted Nelson]] to develop the modern [[workstation]] and [[hypertext]] technology.<ref>{{cite web |last=Reingold |first=Howard |title=Tools For Thought Chapter 9: The Loneliness of a Long-Distance Thinker |url=http://www.rheingold.com/texts/tft/09.html#Chap09 |website=Tools for Thought |access-date=January 29, 2018 |date=1985 |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208140347/http://www.rheingold.com/texts/tft/09.html#Chap09 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Dalakov |first=Georgi |title=The MEMEX of Vannevar Bush |url=http://history-computer.com/Internet/Dreamers/Bush.html |website=The History of Computers |access-date=January 29, 2018 |archive-date=January 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107233415/https://history-computer.com/Internet/Dreamers/Bush.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

''The Atlantic Monthly'' founded the Atlantic Monthly Press in 1917; for many years, it was operated in partnership with [[Little, Brown and Company]]. Its published books included ''[[Drums Along the Mohawk (novel)|Drums Along the Mohawk]]'' (1936) and ''[[Blue Highways]]'' (1982). The press was sold in 1986; today it is an imprint of [[Grove Atlantic]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Cohen |first=Roger |title=THE MEDIA BUSINESS; Small House to Buy Atlantic Monthly Press |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/24/business/the-media-business-small-house-to-buy-atlantic-monthly-press.html |work=The New York Times |date=June 24, 1991 |access-date=May 13, 2018 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216130936/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/24/business/the-media-business-small-house-to-buy-atlantic-monthly-press.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

In addition to publishing notable fiction and poetry, ''The Atlantic'' has emerged in the 21st century as an influential platform for [[Long-form journalism|longform]] storytelling and newsmaker interviews. Influential cover stories have included [[Anne Marie Slaughter]]'s "Why Women Still Can't Have It All" (2012) and [[Ta-Nehisi Coates]]'s "A Case for Reparations" (2014).<ref>{{cite web |title='The Atlantic's' Ta-Nehisi Coates Builds 'A Case For Reparations' |url=https://www.npr.org/2014/05/23/315279271/the-atlantics-ta-nehisi-coates-builds-a-case-for-reparations |website=NPR.org |date=May 23, 2014 |access-date=April 26, 2017 |archive-date=February 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216125656/https://www.npr.org/2014/05/23/315279271/the-atlantics-ta-nehisi-coates-builds-a-case-for-reparations |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2015, [[Jeffrey Goldberg]]'s "Obama Doctrine" was widely discussed by American media and prompted response by many world leaders.<ref>{{cite news |last=Landler |first=Mark |title=Obama Criticizes the 'Free Riders' Among America's Allies |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/10/world/middleeast/obama-criticizes-the-free-riders-among-americas-allies.html |work=The New York Times |date=March 10, 2016 |access-date=April 26, 2017 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216131025/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/10/world/middleeast/obama-criticizes-the-free-riders-among-americas-allies.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

As of 2022, writers and frequent contributors to the print magazine included [[James Fallows]], Jeffrey Goldberg, Ta-Nehisi Coates, [[Caitlin Flanagan]], [[Jonathan Rauch]], [[McKay Coppins]], Gillian White, [[Adrienne LaFrance]], [[Vann R. Newkirk II]], [[Derek Thompson (journalist)|Derek Thompson]], [[David Frum]], Jennifer Senior, [[George Packer]], [[Ed Yong]], and James Parker.

On August 2, 2023, it was announced that Jeffrey Goldberg, who had served as editor-in-chief of ''The Atlantic'' since 2016, had been named as the tenth moderator of the [[PBS]] news program, ''[[Washington Week]]'', and that the politics and culture publication would also enter into an editorial partnership with the television program – which was retitled accordingly as ''Washington Week with The Atlantic'' – similar to the earlier collaboration with the ''[[National Journal]]''.<ref name="PBS 2023">{{cite press release |title=Jeffrey Goldberg named new moderator of Washington Week |url=https://www.pbs.org/weta/washingtonweek/article/2023/08/jeffrey-goldberg-named-new-moderator-of-washington-week |website=Washington Week |publisher=PBS |date=August 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302002221/https://www.pbs.org/weta/washingtonweek/article/2023/08/jeffrey-goldberg-named-new-moderator-of-washington-week |archive-date=March 2, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='Washington Week' Gets New Moderator, New Name |url=https://www.nexttv.com/news/washington-week-gets-new-moderator-new-name |last=Malone |first=Michael |magazine=[[Broadcasting & Cable]] |publisher=Future US, Inc. |date=August 2, 2023 |access-date=August 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803074616/https://www.nexttv.com/news/washington-week-gets-new-moderator-new-name |archive-date=August 3, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Steinberg |first=Brian |date=2023-08-02 |title=Jeffrey Goldberg Named Moderator of PBS' 'Washington Week,' 'The Atlantic' Joins as Production Partner |url=https://variety.com/2023/tv/news/jeffrey-goldberg-moderator-pbs-washington-week-the-atlantic-production-partner-1235686064/ |access-date=2025-04-14 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref> The first episode under the longer title, and with Goldberg as moderator, was the one broadcast on August 11, 2023.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeffrey Goldberg moderates Washington Week with The Atlantic |url=https://www.pbs.org/video/jeff-opening-nty6iv/ |date=August 11, 2023 |publisher=PBS |website=YouTube |access-date=March 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303084318/https://www.pbs.org/video/jeff-opening-nty6iv/ |archive-date=March 3, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Political viewpoint==
{{Expand section|Political views between 1860 and 1960|date=May 2025}}
In 1860, three years into publication, ''The Atlantic''{{'}}s then-editor [[James Russell Lowell]] endorsed [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Abraham Lincoln]] for his first run for president and also endorsed the [[abolition of slavery]].<ref>[[James Russell Lowell|Lowell, James Russell]], [https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1860/10/the-election-in-november/306549/ "The Election in November"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923015221/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1860/10/the-election-in-november/306549/ |date=September 23, 2022 }}, ''The Atlantic'', November 1860.</ref>

In 1964, Edward Weeks wrote on behalf of the editorial board in endorsing [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] and rebuking Republican [[Barry Goldwater]]'s candidacy.<ref>Weeks, Edward, [https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1964/10/the-1964-election/303598/ "The 1964 Election"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225003913/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1964/10/the-1964-election/303598/ |date=February 25, 2021 }}, ''The Atlantic'', November 1964.</ref>

In 2016, during the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 presidential campaign]], the editorial board endorsed a candidate for the third time in the magazine's history, urging readers to support Democratic nominee [[Hillary Clinton]] in a rebuke of Republican [[Donald Trump]]'s candidacy.<ref>[https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/11/the-case-for-hillary-clinton-and-against-donald-trump/501161/ "Against Donald Trump"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208051328/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/11/the-case-for-hillary-clinton-and-against-donald-trump/501161/ |date=February 8, 2021 }}, ''The Atlantic'', November 2016.</ref>

After Trump prevailed in the November 2016 election, the magazine became a strong critic of his. In March 2019, a cover article by editor [[Yoni Appelbaum]] called for the [[Efforts to impeach Donald Trump|impeachment of Donald Trump]]: "It's time for Congress to judge the president's fitness to serve."<ref name="Appelbaum 2019">{{cite news |last=Appelbaum |first=Yoni |title=Impeach Donald Trump |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/03/impeachment-trump/580468/ |website=The Atlantic |date=January 17, 2019 |access-date=January 17, 2019 |archive-date=February 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227204017/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/03/impeachment-trump/580468/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/the-atlantic-calls-for-impeachment-as-mainstream-media-continues-to-lead-charge-against-trump |title=The Atlantic calls for impeachment as mainstream media continues to lead charge against Trump |publisher=[[Fox News]] |first=Brian |last=Flood |date=January 17, 2019 |access-date=January 17, 2019 |archive-date=February 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216125937/https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/the-atlantic-calls-for-impeachment-as-mainstream-media-continues-to-lead-charge-against-trump |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='Impeach': The Atlantic's March cover makes the case for Trump's impeachment |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/the-atlantics-march-cover-makes-the-case-for-trumps-impeachment-2019-1 |website=[[Business Insider]] |date=January 17, 2019 |access-date=January 17, 2019 |archive-date=February 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210216130043/https://www.businessinsider.com/the-atlantics-march-cover-makes-the-case-for-trumps-impeachment-2019-1 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In September 2020, it published a story, citing several anonymous sources, reporting that Trump referred to dead American soldiers as "losers".<ref>{{cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Jeffrey |title=Trump: Americans Who Died in War Are 'Losers' and 'Suckers' |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2020/09/trump-americans-who-died-at-war-are-losers-and-suckers/615997/ |work=The Atlantic |date=September 3, 2020 |access-date=September 4, 2020 |archive-date=September 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200904012358/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2020/09/trump-americans-who-died-at-war-are-losers-and-suckers/615997/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Trump called it a "fake story", and suggested the magazine would soon be out of business.<ref>{{cite tweet |user=realDonaldTrump |number=1301893907295371266 |date=September 4, 2020 |title=The Atlantic Magazine is dying, like most magazines, so they make up a fake story in order to gain some relevance. Story already refuted, but this is what we are up against. Just like the Fake Dossier. You fight and fight, and then people realize it was a total fraud!}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Peter |last2=Haberman |first2=Maggie |author-link2=Maggie Haberman |date=September 4, 2020 |title=Trump Faces Uproar Over Reported Remarks Disparaging Fallen Soldiers |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/04/us/politics/trump-veterans-losers.html |access-date=March 8, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=September 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200904061002/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/04/us/politics/trump-veterans-losers.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2020, ''The Atlantic'' endorsed the Democratic presidential nominee [[Joe Biden]] in the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]], and urged its readers to oppose Trump's re-election bid.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-22 |title=The Case Against Donald Trump |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2020/10/atlantics-endorsement-against-donald-trump/616815/ |access-date= |website=The Atlantic |language=en |archive-date=February 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213042308/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2020/10/atlantics-endorsement-against-donald-trump/616815/ |url-status=live}}</ref> In early 2024, ''The Atlantic'' published a special 24-article issue titled "If Trump Wins," warning about a potential second term for Trump being worse than his first.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Matthews |first=Jessica T. |date=February 20, 2024 |authorlink=Jessica Matthews |journal=[[Foreign Affairs]] |issn=0015-7120 |volume=103 |issue=2 |pages=192–193 |title=If Trump Wins |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/reviews/if-trump-wins}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Sforza |first=Lauren |date=December 4, 2023 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |title=The Atlantic's new issue sounds alarm over second Trump term |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/4340883-atlantic-issue-second-trump-term/}}</ref> In October, the publication endorsed Democratic nominee [[Kamala Harris]] in her presidential bid against Trump in the [[2024 United States presidential election|2024 election]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-10-10 |title=The Case for Kamala Harris |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2024/11/kamala-harris-atlantic-endorsement/679944/ |access-date=2024-10-10 |work=The Atlantic |language=en |issn=2151-9463}}</ref>

==Format==
===''Atlantic'' website access===
The website is, as of 2025 a four tier [[freemium]] model. All paid subscribers get access to unlimited articles including the archives and narrated articles and various other features. The base paid model is "Digital" subscriber, the higher tier "Print & Digital" includes physical copies of the magazine, and the "Premium" subscription includes advertisement free access ($120 per year).<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Atlantic |url=https://accounts.theatlantic.com/products/ |access-date=2025-10-17 |website=accounts.theatlantic.com}}</ref>

''The Atlantic'' went on-line with AOL in 1993. They created an independent website ''The Atlantic Monthly on the Web'' in 1995, becoming "Atlantic Unbound" in 1997.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wilson |first=Mara |date=2018-06-23 |title=A History of The Atlantic’s Reader Correspondence |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/letters/archive/2018/06/a-history-of-the-atlantics-reader-correspondence/560570/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627125256/https://www.theatlantic.com/letters/archive/2018/06/a-history-of-the-atlantics-reader-correspondence/560570/ |archive-date=2018-06-27 |access-date=2025-10-17 |work=The Atlantic |language=en-US}}</ref>

''The Atlantic'' had a paywall, being only available to subscribers to the print edition, until January 2008, when they removed it, concomitant with a sponsorship from [[Goldman Sachs]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Only |first=Subscription |date=2008-01-22 |title=The Atlantic Tears Down Their Paywall |url=https://www.adweek.com/performance-marketing/the-atlantic-tears-down-their-paywall/ |access-date=2025-10-17 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="BI">{{Cite web |title=Five Failed Paywalls And What We Can Learn From Them |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/failed-paywalls-2010-4 |access-date=2025-10-17 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref>

The website introduced "soft" limitations in October 2016, when free readers with adblockers were advised that they could turn off their adblocker, pay ($39.99 per year for advertising free access) or be blocked.<ref name="dd">{{Cite web |date=2017-04-10 |title=The Atlantic is now telling ad blockers to whitelist or pay up |url=https://digiday.com/media/atlantic-now-telling-ad-blockers-whitelist-pay/ |access-date=2025-10-17 |website=Digiday |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="wsj2016">{{Cite news |last=Perlberg |first=Steven |date=2016-10-17 |title=The Atlantic to Ad Blockers: Pay Up or Leave |url=http://www.wsj.com/articles/the-atlantic-to-ad-blockers-pay-up-or-leave-1476702001 |access-date=2025-10-17 |work=Wall Street Journal |language=en-US |issn=0099-9660}}</ref> Closing the warning window, however would allow reading the article, the block wasn't actually "hard" implemented until 10 April 2017.<ref name=dd />

A new paywall was expected to start trials in January 2018, but the project was delayed while platform improvements and staff recruitment were completed.<ref name=nl /><ref name=wsj2019 /> The relaunch of the paywall was finally announced in August 2019.<ref name="wsj2019">{{Cite news |last=Alpert |first=Lukas I. |date=2019-08-24 |title=The Atlantic, Propped Up by Laurene Powell Jobs, Charts New Course |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-atlantic-propped-up-by-steve-jobss-widow-charts-new-course-11566651600 |access-date=2025-10-17 |work=Wall Street Journal |language=en-US |issn=0099-9660}}</ref>

In September 2019 the new paywall was imposed, "Digital" subscriptions were $49.99 per year, print and digital $59.99 and "Premium" $100.<ref name=nl>https://www.niemanlab.org/2019/09/the-atlantic-rejoins-the-metered-paywall-club-with-digital-subscriptions-starting-at-49-99-yea</ref> Free users are no longer permitted five articles per month. They can only read the first two paragraphs or so and are then presented a link to subscribe.<ref name=nl />

===Aspen Ideas Festival===
{{Main|Aspen Ideas Festival}}

In 2005, ''The Atlantic'' and the [[Aspen Institute]] launched the [[Aspen Ideas Festival]], a ten-day event in and around the city of [[Aspen, Colorado|Aspen]], Colorado.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/dealmakers/2012/09/05/the-manifest-destiny-of-the-atlantic/#57d8ded19573 |title=The Manifest Destiny of The Atlantic |last=DeVries |first=Tom Searcy and Henry |work=[[Forbes]] |access-date=May 29, 2018 |language=en |archive-date=May 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180530040055/https://www.forbes.com/sites/dealmakers/2012/09/05/the-manifest-destiny-of-the-atlantic/#57d8ded19573 |url-status=live}}</ref> The annual conference features 350 presenters, 200 sessions, and 3,000 attendees. The event has been called a "political [[Who's Who|who's who]]" as it often features policymakers, journalists, lobbyists, and [[think tank]] leaders.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2013/05/aspen-ideas-festival-speakers-091729 |title=Aspen Ideas a political who's who |work=[[Politico]] |access-date=May 29, 2018 |language=en |archive-date=May 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180530035805/https://www.politico.com/story/2013/05/aspen-ideas-festival-speakers-091729 |url-status=live}}</ref>

On January 22, 2008, TheAtlantic.com dropped its [[Paywall|subscriber wall]] and allowed users to freely browse its site, including all past archives.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Editors' Note |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200801u/editors-note |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509191810/http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200801u/editors-note |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 9, 2008 |journal=The Atlantic |access-date=October 7, 2010}}</ref> By 2011 ''The Atlantic''{{'}}s web properties included TheAtlanticWire.com, a news- and opinion-tracking site launched in 2009,<ref>{{cite news |last=Summers |first=Nick |url=https://observer.com/2011/01/exclusive-exgawker-guy-snyder-to-head-atlantic-wire-new-manhattan-staff/ |title=Exclusive: Ex-Gawker Guy Snyder to Head Atlantic Wire, New Manhattan Staff |date=January 31, 2011 |work=The New York Observer |access-date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=July 31, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731085733/https://observer.com/2011/01/exclusive-exgawker-guy-snyder-to-head-atlantic-wire-new-manhattan-staff/ |url-status=live}}</ref> and TheAtlanticCities.com, a stand-alone website started in 2011 that was devoted to global cities and trends.<ref name="Welton 2011">{{cite news |last=Welton |first=Caysey |title=The Atlantic Debuts TheAtlanticCities.com |url=http://www.foliomag.com/2011/atlantic-debuts-atlanticcities-com |work=FOLIO Magazine |date=September 15, 2011 |access-date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=April 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405185923/http://www.foliomag.com/2011/atlantic-debuts-atlanticcities-com/ |url-status=live}}</ref> According to a ''[[Mashable]]'' profile in December 2011, "traffic to the three web properties recently surpassed 11 million uniques per month, up a staggering 2500% since ''The Atlantic'' brought down its paywall in early 2008."<ref>{{cite news |last=Indvik |first=Lauren |title=Inside The Atlantic: How One Magazine Got Profitable by Going 'Digital First' |url=http://mashable.com/2011/12/19/the-atlantic-digital-first/ |work=Mashable |date=December 19, 2011 |access-date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208140631/https://mashable.com/2011/12/19/the-atlantic-digital-first/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

===''The Atlantic Wire''===
In 2009, the magazine launched ''The Atlantic Wire'' as a stand-alone [[news aggregator]] site. It was intended as a curated selection of news and opinions from online, print, radio, and television outlets.<ref name="Carr 2009">{{cite news |url=http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/tag/the-atlantic-wire/ |department=Media Decoder |work=The New York Times |title=Atlantic Hits the Wire With Lots of Opinions |date=September 16, 2009 |last=Carr |first=David |access-date=November 3, 2009 |archive-date=September 24, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924182556/http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/tag/the-atlantic-wire/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://mashable.com/2012/02/02/atlantic-wire-gabriel-snyder-interview |work=Mashable |title=What's Next for The Atlantic Wire |author=Indvik, Lauren |date=February 2, 2012 |access-date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=April 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418153919/http://mashable.com/2012/02/02/atlantic-wire-gabriel-snyder-interview/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Garber 2009">{{cite news |url=http://archives.cjr.org/the_kicker/more_on_the_atlantic_wire_they.php |work=Columbia Journalism Review |date=September 16, 2009 |author=Garber, Megan |title=More on The Atlantic: Wire They Aggregating? |access-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-date=March 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170318085322/http://archives.cjr.org/the_kicker/more_on_the_atlantic_wire_they.php |url-status=live}}</ref> At its launch, it published [[op-ed]]s from across the media spectrum and summarized significant positions in each debate.<ref name="Garber 2009"/> It later expanded to feature news and original reporting.

Regular features in the magazine included "What I Read", describing the [[media diet]]s of people from entertainment, journalism, and politics; and "Trimming the Times", the feature editor's summary of the best content in ''[[The New York Times]]''.<ref name="Garber 2011">{{cite journal |url=http://www.niemanlab.org/2011/04/trimming-the-times-the-atlantic-wire-has-a-new-way-for-you-to-make-the-most-of-your-20-clicks/ |author=Garber, Megan |title='Trimming the Times': The Atlantic Wire's new feature wants you to make the most of your 20 clicks |website=Nieman Journalism Lab |date=April 1, 2011 |access-date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=May 30, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530034857/http://www.niemanlab.org/2011/04/trimming-the-times-the-atlantic-wire-has-a-new-way-for-you-to-make-the-most-of-your-20-clicks/ |url-status=live}}</ref> ''The Atlantic Wire'' rebranded itself as ''The Wire'' in November 2013,<ref name="Bazilian 2013">{{cite web |last=Bazilian |first=Emma |url=http://www.adweek.com/news/press/atlantic-wire-relaunches-wire-153959 |work=Adweek |title=The Atlantic Wire Relaunches as The Wire |date=November 19, 2013 |access-date=December 3, 2013 |archive-date=December 6, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206185253/http://www.adweek.com/news/press/atlantic-wire-relaunches-wire-153959 |url-status=live}}</ref> and was folded back into ''The Atlantic'' the following year.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.poynter.org/2014/the-atlantic-shuts-down-the-wire/270891/ |title=The Atlantic shuts down The Wire |first=Andrew |last=Beaujon |date=September 22, 2014 |work=Poynter |access-date=April 26, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=April 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427103054/http://www.poynter.org/2014/the-atlantic-shuts-down-the-wire/270891/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

In August 2011, it created its video channel.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kafka |first=Peter |title=The Atlantic Launches a Video Aggregator With a Twist |url=http://allthingsd.com/20110804/the-atlantic-launches-a-video-aggregator-with-a-twist/ |work=All Things D. |date=August 4, 2011 |access-date=March 27, 2012 |archive-date=March 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323130347/http://allthingsd.com/20110804/the-atlantic-launches-a-video-aggregator-with-a-twist/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Initially created as an aggregator, ''The Atlantic''{{'}}s video component, Atlantic Studios, has since evolved in an in-house production studio that creates custom video series and original documentaries.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dreier |first=Troy |title=The Atlantic Adapts: A Legendary Magazine Meets Online Video |url=http://www.streamingmedia.com/Articles/Editorial/Featured-Articles/The-Atlantic-Adapts-A-Legendary-Magazine-Meets-Online-Video-105232.aspx |work=Streaming Media Magazine |date=July 16, 2015 |access-date=April 26, 2017 |archive-date=July 31, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731085804/https://www.streamingmedia.com/Articles/Editorial/Featured-Articles/The-Atlantic-Adapts-A-Legendary-Magazine-Meets-Online-Video-105232.aspx |url-status=live}}</ref>

===''CityLab''===
In September 2011, ''The Atlantic'' launched ''CityLab'', a separate website. Its co-founders included [[Richard Florida]], urban theorist and professor. The stand-alone site has been described as exploring and explaining "the most innovative ideas and pressing issues facing today's global cities and neighborhoods."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theatlanticcities.com/ |title=The Atlantic Cities |publisher=TheAtlanticCities.com |access-date=March 26, 2012 |archive-date=November 19, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131119052900/http://www.theatlanticcities.com/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2014, it was rebranded as ''CityLab.com'', and covers transportation, environment, equity, life, and design. Among its offerings are Navigator, "a guide to urban life"; and Solutions, which covers solutions to problems in a dozen topics.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Introducing CityLab.com: All Things Urban, from The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/personal/archive/2014/05/introducing-citylabcom-all-things-urban-from-the-atlantic/371038/ |website=The Atlantic |date=May 16, 2014 |access-date=May 17, 2014}}</ref>

In December 2011, a new Health Channel launched on TheAtlantic.com, incorporating coverage of food, as well as topics related to the mind, body, sex, family, and public health. Its launch was overseen by Nicholas Jackson, who had previously been overseeing the Life channel and initially joined the website to cover technology.<ref>{{cite news |last=Moses |first=Lucia |title='The Atlantic' Continues Expansion With Health Channel |url=http://www.adweek.com/news/technology/atlantic-continues-expansion-health-channel-137022 |work=AdWeek |access-date=March 26, 2012 |date=December 13, 2011 |archive-date=January 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113232327/http://www.adweek.com/news/technology/atlantic-continues-expansion-health-channel-137022 |url-status=live}}</ref> TheAtlantic.com has also expanded to [[visual storytelling]], with the addition of the "In Focus" photo blog, curated by Alan Taylor.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kaufman |first=Rachel |title=Alan Taylor Jumps to The Atlantic |url=https://www.adweek.com/performance-marketing/alan-taylor-jumps-to-the-atlantic/ |work=Media Bistro's Media Jobs Daily |date=January 19, 2011 |access-date=March 27, 2012 |archive-date=March 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303165429/http://www.mediabistro.com/mediajobsdaily/alan-taylor-jumps-to-the-atlantic_b5432 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2015, TheAtlantic.com launched a dedicated Science section<ref>{{cite news |last=Andersen |first=Ross |title=Science Has a New Home on TheAtlantic.com |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2015/09/introducing-the-atlantics-new-science-section/405088/ |work=The Atlantic |access-date=April 26, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208140628/https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2015/09/introducing-the-atlantics-new-science-section/405088/ |url-status=live}}</ref> and in January 2016 it redesigned and expanded its politics section in conjunction with the 2016 U.S. presidential race.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Atlantic Launches Politics and Policy Expansion |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2016/01/the-atlantic-launches-politics-policy-expands-coverage-and-events-triples-reporting-team/423087/ |work=The Atlantic |date=January 7, 2016 |access-date=April 26, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=September 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921123609/https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2016/01/the-atlantic-launches-politics-policy-expands-coverage-and-events-triples-reporting-team/423087/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2015, ''CityLab'' and [[Univision]] launched ''CityLab Latino'', which features original journalism in Spanish as well as translated reporting from the English language edition of ''CityLab.com''.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.niemanlab.org/2016/04/bienvenidos-a-miami-the-atlantic-and-univision-are-bringing-city-lab-to-spanish-language-audiences/ |title=Bienvenidos a Miami: The Atlantic and Univision are bringing CityLab to Spanish-language audiences |work=Nieman Lab |access-date=April 26, 2017 |archive-date=April 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427102558/http://www.niemanlab.org/2016/04/bienvenidos-a-miami-the-atlantic-and-univision-are-bringing-city-lab-to-spanish-language-audiences/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The site has not been updated since 2018.

In early December 2019, Atlantic Media sold ''CityLab'' to [[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg Media]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.adweek.com/digital/bloomberg-media-acquires-citylab-the-atlantic/ |title=Bloomberg Media Makes First Acquisition in 10 Years |last=Jerde |first=Sara |date=December 10, 2019 |website=adweek.com |language=en-US |access-date=December 11, 2019 |archive-date=December 10, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210230701/https://www.adweek.com/digital/bloomberg-media-acquires-citylab-the-atlantic/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2019/12/bloomberg-media-is-buying-citylab-from-the-atlantic-and-some-of-its-fans-are-nervous/ |title=Bloomberg Media is buying CityLab from The Atlantic (and some of its fans are nervous) |last=Benton |first=Joshua |date=December 10, 2019 |website=Nieman Lab |access-date=December 11, 2019 |archive-date=December 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211011726/https://www.niemanlab.org/2019/12/bloomberg-media-is-buying-citylab-from-the-atlantic-and-some-of-its-fans-are-nervous/ |url-status=live}}</ref> which promptly laid off half the staff.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.motherjones.com/media/2019/12/bloomberg-just-bought-citylab-and-put-half-its-reporters-out-of-a-job/ |title=Bloomberg just bought CityLab—and put half its reporters out of a job |last=Cohen |first=Matt |website=Mother Jones |language=en-US |access-date=January 5, 2020 |archive-date=January 5, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200105182237/https://www.motherjones.com/media/2019/12/bloomberg-just-bought-citylab-and-put-half-its-reporters-out-of-a-job/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The site was relaunched on June 18, 2020, with few major changes other than new branding and linking the site with other Bloomberg verticals and its data terminal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CityLab has been relaunched under the Bloomberg umbrella |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2020/06/citylab-has-been-relaunched-under-the-bloomberg-umbrella/ |access-date=June 20, 2020 |website=Nieman Lab |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620120719/https://www.niemanlab.org/2020/06/citylab-has-been-relaunched-under-the-bloomberg-umbrella/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

In September 2019, TheAtlantic.com introduced a digital subscription model, restricting unsubscribed readers' access to five free articles per month.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Atlantic Launches New Subscription Plans and Introduces A Metered Model |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2019/09/atlantics-new-subscription-plans-and-meter/597418/ |website=The Atlantic |date=September 5, 2019 |access-date=October 6, 2019 |language=en-US |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208140650/https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2019/09/atlantics-new-subscription-plans-and-meter/597418/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Jeffrey |title=Introducing The Atlantic's New Subscription Model |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/news/archive/2019/09/introducing-the-atlantics-new-subscription-model/597304/ |website=The Atlantic |date=September 5, 2019 |access-date=October 6, 2019 |language=en-US |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208140731/https://www.theatlantic.com/news/archive/2019/09/introducing-the-atlantics-new-subscription-model/597304/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

In June 2020, ''The Atlantic'' released its first full-length documentary, ''[[White Noise (2020 film)|White Noise]]'', a film about three [[alt-right]] activists.<ref>{{cite web |last=Wissot |first=Lauren |title="This Whole Movement is about Performance": Daniel Lombroso on his Alt-Right Doc ''White Noise'' |url=https://filmmakermagazine.com/109823-this-whole-movement-is-about-performance-daniel-lombroso-on-his-alt-right-doc-white-noise/ |work=[[Filmmaker (magazine)|Filmmaker]] |date=June 18, 2020 |access-date=July 30, 2020 |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208140700/https://filmmakermagazine.com/109823-this-whole-movement-is-about-performance-daniel-lombroso-on-his-alt-right-doc-white-noise/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Praise, retractions, legal issues, and controversies ==

In June 2006, the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' named ''The Atlantic'' one of the top ten English-language magazines, describing it as the "150-year-old granddaddy of periodicals" because "it keeps us smart and in the know" with cover stories on the then-forthcoming fight over ''[[Roe v. Wade]]''. It also lauded regular features such as "Word Fugitives" and "Primary Sources" as "cultural barometers".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/chi-0606140373jun15-story.html |title=Fourth Annual |author= |date=June 15, 2006 |website=Chicago Tribune |access-date=September 23, 2020 |archive-date=August 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808132921/https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/chi-0606140373jun15-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

On January 14, 2013, ''The Atlantic''{{'}}s website published "[[Native advertising|sponsor content]]" promoting [[David Miscavige]], the leader of the [[Church of Scientology]]. While the magazine had previously published advertising looking like articles, this was widely criticized. The page comments were moderated by the marketing team, not by editorial staff, and comments [[Criticism of Scientology|critical of the church]] were being removed. Later that day, ''The Atlantic'' removed the piece from its website and issued an apology.<ref name="Raabe">Raabe, Natalie (n.d.). [https://www.magnetmail.net/actions/email_web_version.cfm?recipient_id=699462885&message_id=2459857&user_id=NJG_Atlan&group_id=0&jobid=12656579 "Statement from ''The Atlantic''"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422053139/https://www.magnetmail.net/actions/email_web_version.cfm?recipient_id=699462885&message_id=2459857&user_id=NJG_Atlan&group_id=0&jobid=12656579 |date=April 22, 2015 }}.</ref><ref name="Wemple 2013">[[Erik Wemple|Wemple, Erik]], [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/erik-wemple/wp/2013/01/15/the-atlantics-scientology-problem-start-to-finish/ "The Atlantic's Scientology problem, start to finish"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927180829/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/erik-wemple/wp/2013/01/15/the-atlantics-scientology-problem-start-to-finish/ |date=September 27, 2015 }}, ''The Washington Post'' blog, January 15, 2013.</ref><ref name="Stelter">[[Brian Stelter|Stelter, Brian]], and Christine Haughney, [http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/01/15/the-atlantic-apologizes-for-scientology-ad/?_r=0 "The Atlantic Apologizes for Scientology Ad"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518021212/http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/01/15/the-atlantic-apologizes-for-scientology-ad/?_r=0 |date=May 18, 2016 }}, January 15, 2013, ''The New York Times''.</ref>

In 2018 ''The Atlantic'' published a cover story by [[Jesse Singal]] titled "When Children Say They're Trans" which involved undisclosed consultation with a [[Transphobia|transphobic]] [[hate group]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anderson |first=M. K. |date=2022-04-22 |title=Singal and the Noise • Protean Magazine |url=https://proteanmagstaging.wpcomstaging.com/2022/04/22/singal-and-the-noise/ |access-date=2026-03-25 |website=Protean Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> The article was widely criticized by [[Transgender|transgender people]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chu |first=Andrea Long |date=2018-11-24 |title=Opinion {{!}} My New Vagina Won’t Make Me Happy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/24/opinion/sunday/vaginoplasty-transgender-medicine.html |access-date=2026-03-25 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>, parents of [[Transgender youth|trans children]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Peterson |first=Matt |last2=Kitchener |first2=Caroline |date=2018-06-22 |title=What Do the Parents of Trans Kids Have to Say? |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/membership/archive/2018/06/what-do-the-parents-of-trans-kids-have-to-say/563507/ |access-date=2026-03-25 |website=The Atlantic |language=en-US}}</ref>, journalists<ref>{{Cite web |title=“Autogynephilia” critics – Transgender Map |url=https://www.transgendermap.com/issues/sexology/autogynephilia/critics/ |access-date=2026-03-25 |website=www.transgendermap.com}}</ref>, and scientists<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-02 |title=Jesse Singal Got More Wrong Than He Thinks · EmilyGorcenski.com |url=https://emilygorcenski.com/post/jesse-singal-got-more-wrong-than-he-thinks/ |access-date=2026-03-25 |website=The Personal Blog of Emily Gorcenski}}</ref>. ''The Atlantic'' went on to publish a series of critical responses.<ref>{{Cite web |title=When Children Say They're Trans, Continued |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/category/when-children-say-theyre-trans-continued/ |access-date=2026-03-25 |website=The Atlantic |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2019, the magazine published an expose on the allegations against movie director [[Bryan Singer]] that "sent Singer's career into a tailspin". It was originally contracted to ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]'' magazine, but the writers moved it there due to what ''New York Times'' reporter [[Ben Smith (journalist)|Ben Smith]] described as [[Hearst Communications|Hearst magazines]]' "timid" nature. "There's not a lot of nuance here", [[Jeffrey Goldberg]] said. "They [[Spike (journalism)|spike]]d a story that should have been published in the [[public interest]] for reasons unknown."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/26/business/media/hearst-culture-magazines.html |title=Did Hearst's Culture Kill Hearst's Biggest Magazine Story? |last=Smith |first=Ben |work=The New York Times |date=July 26, 2020 |access-date=April 13, 2021 |archive-date=April 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413140714/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/26/business/media/hearst-culture-magazines.html?searchResultPosition=5 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In June 2020, ''The Atlantic'' faced legal action in Japan that claimed defamation and invasion of privacy in the article "When the Presses Stop" by [[Molly Ball]], published in the January/February 2018 edition, which led to numerous removals, corrections and clarifications after a settlement was reached in January 2024. The lawsuit highlighted [[fact-checking]] and ethical concerns, bringing attention to the magazine's editorial practices.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Legacy battle {{!}} FCCJ |url=https://www.fccj.or.jp/number-1-shimbun-article/legacy-battle |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=www.fccj.or.jp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ball |first=Molly |date=2017-12-08 |title=When the Presses Stop |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/01/the-cambodia-daily-bernie-krisher/546563/ |access-date=2024-04-07 |work=The Atlantic |language=en |issn=2151-9463}}</ref><ref name="Wemple 2024">{{Cite news |last=Wemple |first=Erik |date=2024-03-01 |title=Opinion {{!}} Settlement in Japanese court ends embarrassing episode for the Atlantic |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2024/02/29/atlantic-krisher-japan-cambodia-settlement/ |access-date=2024-04-07 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>

On November 1, 2020, ''The Atlantic'' retracted an article, "The Mad, Mad World of Niche Sports Among [[Ivy League]]–Obsessed Parents", after an inquiry by ''[[The Washington Post]]''. An 800-word editor's note said, "We cannot attest to the trustworthiness and credibility of the author, and therefore we cannot attest to the veracity of the article." The note alleged that the article's author, freelancer [[Ruth Shalit Barrett]], had left the staff of ''[[The New Republic]]'' in 1999 amid allegations of [[plagiarism]].<ref name="Levenson 2020">{{cite web |last=Levenson |first=Michael |title=The Atlantic Retracts Ruth Shalit Barrett Article on Niche Sports |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/01/business/media/atlantic-ruth-shalit-barrett.html |work=The New York Times |date=November 1, 2020 |access-date=November 2, 2020 |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101234606/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/01/business/media/atlantic-ruth-shalit-barrett.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Wemple 2020">{{cite news |last=Wemple |first=Erik |title=The Atlantic's troubled niche-sports story |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/10/30/atlantics-troubled-niche-sports-story |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=October 30, 2020 |access-date=November 2, 2020 |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101202629/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/10/30/atlantics-troubled-niche-sports-story/ |url-status=live}}</ref> On January 7, 2022, Barrett sued the magazine for defamation. The lawsuit claimed ''The Atlantic'' misrepresented Barrett's background and destroyed her journalistic career through what it publicly said about her.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Robertson |first=Katie |date=January 9, 2022 |title=Freelance Writer Accuses The Atlantic of Defamation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/09/business/ruth-shalit-barrett-atlantic-lawsuit.html |access-date=January 9, 2022 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Pietsch |first=Brian |date=January 9, 2022 |title=Ruth Shalit Barrett sues Atlantic for $1 million over retraction of viral article, allegations of inaccuracies |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/media/2022/01/09/atlantic-ruth-shalit-barrett-lawsuit-article/ |access-date=January 28, 2024 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> In legal filings, Barrett argued that ''The Atlantic''{{'}}s handling of allegations and errors in another article written by [[Molly Ball]] demonstrated inconsistency in the magazine's editorial standards and accountability measures. Barrett asserted that the factual inaccuracies and ethical violations in Ball's piece, as highlighted by a separate defamation lawsuit that resulted in a settlement and numerous retractions and corrections to Ball's story, were "transgressions far more numerous and incomparably worse" than any mistakes attributed to her own work.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 12, 2024 |title=Ruth Shalit Barrett v. The Atlantic Monthly Group LLC and Donald Christopher Peck, Case No.: 1:22-cv-00049-EGS |url=https://ecf.dcd.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/show_temp.pl?file=8759128-0--103819.pdf&type=application/pdf |access-date=April 8, 2024 |website=pcl.uscourts.gov/}}</ref><ref name="Wemple 2024" /> In June 2025, after mediation, Barrett and ''The Atlantic'' reached a settlement and jointly moved to dismiss the case with prejudice. Court filings showed that on June 26 the magazine updated its online editor’s note to clarify that the pseudonymous source “Sloane” was anonymous, that Barrett says she elected to leave ''The New Republic'', and that she did not ask the magazine to use a novel byline. The revision also changed a statement that she had encouraged “at least one source” to lie to “a source.” The following day, the parties filed their stipulation of dismissal in federal court. Although the settlement terms were not publicly disclosed in court, ''The New York Times'' reported that ''The Atlantic'' agreed to pay Barrett more than $1 million. ''TheWrap'', citing the ''Times'', also reported the payment. The story remains retracted and, according to an ''Atlantic'' spokesperson, the editor’s note will not be updated further.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-09-12 |title=Atlantic Settles Writer’s Suit Over Article It Retracted |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/12/business/media/atlantic-defamation-lawsuit-settlement.html |access-date=2025-09-19 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bolies |first=Corbin |date=2025-09-12 |title=The Atlantic Settles Writer's Defamation Lawsuit for Over $1 Million, Story Stays Retracted |url=https://www.thewrap.com/the-atlantic-settles-defamation-lawsuit-with-writer-1-million/ |access-date=2025-09-19 |website=TheWrap |language=en-US}}</ref>

On February 5, 2024, ''The Atlantic'' cut ties with contributor [[Yascha Mounk]] after he was accused of rape. He called the allegation "categorically untrue."<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Wagner |first1=Laura |last2=Sommer |first2=Will |date=2024-02-06 |title=The Atlantic cuts ties with prominent contributor after rape allegation |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2024/02/05/atlantic-yascha-mounk/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>

In 2025, national-security leaders in the Donald Trump administration [[United States government group chat leak|accidentally included ''The Atlantic'' editor Jeffrey Goldberg in a group chat]] where they organized and strategized upcoming military strikes on the [[Houthis]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goldberg |first=Jeffrey |date=2025-03-24 |title=The Trump Administration Accidentally Texted Me Its War Plans |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/03/trump-administration-accidentally-texted-me-its-war-plans/682151/ |website=The Atlantic |language=en}}</ref>

==Ownership and editors==
By its third year, it was published by [[Boston]] publishing house [[Ticknor and Fields]], which later became part of [[Houghton Mifflin]],{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} based in the city known for literary culture. The magazine was purchased in 1908 by editor at the time, [[Ellery Sedgwick]], and remained in Boston.

In 1980, the magazine was acquired by [[Mortimer Zuckerman]], property magnate and founder of [[Boston Properties]], who became its chairman. On September 27, 1999, Zuckerman transferred ownership of the magazine to [[David G. Bradley]], owner of the [[National Journal Group]], which focused on [[Washington, D.C.]] and [[Federal government of the United States|federal government]] news. Bradley had promised that the magazine would stay in Boston for the foreseeable future, as it did for the next five-and-a-half years.

In April 2005, however, the publishers announced that the editorial offices would be moved from their longtime home at 77 North Washington Street in Boston to join the company's advertising and circulation divisions in Washington, D.C.<ref name="Feeney 2005">{{cite news |last1=Feeney |first1=Mark |last2=Mehegan |first2=David |title=Atlantic, 148-year institution, leaving city |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2005/04/15/atlantic_148_year_institution_leaving_city?pg=full |newspaper=[[The Boston Globe]] |date=April 15, 2005 |access-date=June 28, 2024 |archive-date=January 9, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060109125458/http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2005/04/15/atlantic_148_year_institution_leaving_city?pg=full |url-status=dead}}</ref> Later in August, Bradley told ''[[The New York Observer]]'' that the move was not made to save money—near-term savings would be $200,000–$300,000, a relatively small amount that would be swallowed by severance-related spending—but instead would serve to create a hub in Washington, D.C., where the top minds from all of Bradley's publications could collaborate under the [[Atlantic Media Company]] umbrella. Few of the Boston staff agreed to move, and Bradley then commenced an open search for a new editorial staff.<ref>{{cite news |title=Atlantic owner scours country for cinder-editor |newspaper=[[New York Observer]] |date=September 5, 2005}}</ref>

In 2006, Bradley hired [[James Bennet (journalist)|James Bennet]], the [[Jerusalem]] bureau chief for ''The New York Times'', as editor-in-chief. Bradley also hired Jeffrey Goldberg and [[Andrew Sullivan]] as writers for the magazine.<ref name="Kurtz 2007">{{cite news |last=Kurtz |first=Howard |author-link=Howard Kurtz |title=The Atlantic's Owner Ponies Up |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/05/AR2007080501576.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=August 6, 2007 |access-date=August 18, 2007 |archive-date=September 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220909145321/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/05/AR2007080501576.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2008, Jay Lauf joined the organization as publisher and vice-president; as of 2017, he was publisher and president of ''[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/a/masthead.mhtml |title=Atlantic masthead |journal=The Atlantic |access-date=October 7, 2010 |archive-date=August 20, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820121835/http://theatlantic.com/a/masthead.mhtml |url-status=live}}</ref>

In early 2014, Bennet and Bob Cohn became co-presidents of ''The Atlantic'', and Cohn became the publication's sole president in March 2016 when Bennet was tapped to lead ''The New York Times''{{'}}s editorial page.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bob Cohn Named Sole President of ''The Atlantic''; James Bennet to Leadership Post at ''New York Times'' |website=The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2016/03/bob-cohn-named-sole-president-of-the-atlantic/473610/ |date=March 14, 2016 |access-date=September 26, 2021 |archive-date=May 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504025618/https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2016/03/bob-cohn-named-sole-president-of-the-atlantic/473610/ |url-status=live |url-access=limited}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=James Bennet Will Lead Editorial Page at New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/15/business/media/james-bennet-will-lead-editorial-page-at-new-york-times.html |work=The New York Times |date=March 14, 2016 |access-date=May 29, 2018 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228063123/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/15/business/media/james-bennet-will-lead-editorial-page-at-new-york-times.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Jeffrey Goldberg was named editor-in-chief in October 2016.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeffrey Goldberg Named Editor in Chief of The Atlantic |website=The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2016/10/jeffrey-goldberg-named-editor-in-chief-of-the-atlantic/503576/ |date=October 11, 2016 |access-date=September 26, 2021 |archive-date=September 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923004016/https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2016/10/jeffrey-goldberg-named-editor-in-chief-of-the-atlantic/503576/ |url-status=live |url-access=limited}}</ref>

On July 28, 2017, ''The Atlantic'' announced that [[Laurene Powell Jobs]] (the widow of former [[Apple Inc.]] chairman and CEO [[Steve Jobs]]) had acquired majority ownership through her [[Emerson Collective]] organization, with a staff member of Emerson Collective, Peter Lattman, being immediately named as vice chairman of ''The Atlantic''. David G. Bradley and Atlantic Media retained a minority share position in this sale.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ember |first=Sydney |title=Laurene Powell Jobs's Organization to Take Majority Stake in The Atlantic |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/28/business/media/atlantic-media-emerson-collective-majority-stake.html |work=The New York Times |date=July 28, 2017 |access-date=September 26, 2021 |archive-date=September 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923004021/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/28/business/media/atlantic-media-emerson-collective-majority-stake.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

In the September 2017 issue of ''The Atlantic'', [[Jean Twenge]] argued that [[Smartphone|smartphones]] were the most likely cause behind the sudden increases in mental health issues among teens after 2012.

In May 2019, technology journalist Adrienne LaFrance became executive editor.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adrienne LaFrance - the Atlantic |website=LinkedIn |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/adrienne-lafrance-4656a910/}}</ref>

In December 2020, former ''[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]'' editor-in-chief [[Nicholas Thompson (editor)|Nicholas Thompson]] was named CEO of ''The Atlantic''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 3, 2020 |title=The Atlantic Appoints Nicholas Thompson as CEO and Expands Board of Directors |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2020/12/the-atlantic-appoints-nicholas-thompson-as-ceo/617290/ |access-date=July 28, 2024 |website=The Atlantic |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203203327/https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2020/12/the-atlantic-appoints-nicholas-thompson-as-ceo/617290/ |archive-date=December 3, 2020 |url-access=limited}}</ref>

In 2022, ''The Atlantic'' moved its offices to [[The Wharf (Washington, D.C.)|The Wharf]] in Washington, D.C.'s [[Southwest Waterfront]] neighborhood.

===List of editors===
{{cols|colwidth=20em}}
* [[James Russell Lowell]], 1857–1861
* [[James T. Fields]], 1861–1871
* [[William Dean Howells]], 1871–1881
* [[Thomas Bailey Aldrich]], 1881–1890
* [[Horace Scudder]], 1890–1898
* [[Walter Hines Page]], 1898–1899
* [[Bliss Perry]], 1899–1909
* [[Ellery Sedgwick]], 1909–1938
* [[Edward A. Weeks]], 1938–1966
* [[Robert Manning (journalist)|Robert Manning]], 1966–1980
* [[William Whitworth (journalist)|William Whitworth]], 1980–1999
* [[Michael Kelly (editor)|Michael Kelly]], 1999–2003
* [[Cullen Murphy]], 2003–2006 (interim editor, never named editor-in-chief)
* [[James Bennet (journalist)|James Bennet]], 2006–2016
* [[Jeffrey Goldberg]], 2016–present<ref>{{cite web |first=Krishnadev |last=Calamur |date=October 11, 2016 |title=''The Atlantic''{{'}}s New Editor in Chief |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/news/archive/2016/10/jeffrey-goldberg-atlantic-editor-in-chief/503573/ |archive-date=April 21, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421080157/https://www.theatlantic.com/news/archive/2016/10/jeffrey-goldberg-atlantic-editor-in-chief/503573/ |url-status=live |work=The Atlantic |access-date=March 11, 2017}}</ref>
{{colend}}

== See also ==
* ''[[The New Yorker]]''

{{Portal bar|United States|Media}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|The Atlantic (magazine)}}
{{Wikisource|The Atlantic Monthly}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* {{Official website|https://www.theatlantic.com/}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/19971023085637/http://www3.theatlantic.com/about/atlhistf.htm "A History of ''The Atlantic''{{-"}}] (archived 23 October 1997)
* [https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/flashbacks/ ''The Atlantic'' archival writings by topic]
* [https://archive.org/details/pub_atlantic?&sort=-week Online archive of ''The Atlantic''] (earliest issues 1857 up to 2016) at the Internet Archive
* Hathi Trust. [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000597656 ''Atlantic Monthly''] digitized issues, 1857–1928, plus search of 1929–1963, 1971, and 1976 (partial)
* [http://www.oldmagazinearticles.com/article-summary/atlantic_monthly_history An early history of ''The Atlantic''] from ''The Literary Digest'' (1897)
* [https://archives.lib.umd.edu/repositories/2/resources/59 ''Atlantic Monthly'' records], at the [[University of Maryland Libraries|University of Maryland libraries]]

{{Atlantic Media}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Atlantic, The}}
[[Category:The Atlantic (magazine)| ]]
[[Category:1857 establishments in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Lifestyle magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Literary magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Magazines established in 1857]]
[[Category:Magazines published in Boston]]
[[Category:Magazines published in Washington, D.C.]]
[[Category:Monthly magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:News magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Political magazines published in the United States]]

Agni Sreedhar

2026-03-23T23:30:42Z

User3465346: made data

{{Short description|Former gangster, writer, film director}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}

'''Agni Shridhar''' is a [[Kannada]] former gangster, writer, critic and artist.<ref>{{cite news|title=The bounce-back rowdies|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/bangalore/report_the-bounce-back-rowdies_1257993|accessdate=8 December 2010|newspaper=Daily News and Analysis|date=22 May 2009}}</ref> He founded ''Karunada Sene''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Will Bangalore no longer be cosmo?|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1041219/asp/opinion/story_4146622.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050113084715/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1041219/asp/opinion/story_4146622.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 January 2005|accessdate=8 December 2010|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=19 September 2004|location=Calcutta, India}}</ref> Later he founded the weekly Kannada newspaper ''Agni'', and turned a professional writer. He has written a book called ''Daadagiriya Dinagalu'', meaning the days of Goondaism.

He hails from [[Channapattana]] and studied in [[Bangalore]].<ref name=interview>{{cite news|last=Dharmaraj |first=Paul |title=Books : Interview: Agni Sreedhar |url=http://www.timeoutbengaluru.net/books/features/interview-agni-sreedhar |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140309073055/http://www.timeoutbengaluru.net/books/features/interview-agni-sreedhar |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 March 2014 |accessdate=9 March 2014 |newspaper=Timeoutbengaluru.net }}</ref>

==Literary works==
*He has scripted a play called ''Edegarike''.
*He has scripted a film with Girish Karnad called ''[[Aa Dinagalu]]'' which is derived from his ''Daadagiriya Dinagalu'' written on [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]] crime of 1986.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aa Dinagalu is worth a watch|url=http://inhome.rediff.com/movies/2007/oct/22aad.htm|accessdate=8 December 2010|newspaper=Rediff.com|date=22 October 2007}}</ref>
*His directorial debut movie ''[[Thamassu]]'' (2010)<ref>{{cite news|title=Thamassu|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/kannada/Thamassu/articleshow/6038104.cms|accessdate=8 December 2010|newspaper=The Times of India|date=11 June 2010}}</ref>
*He scripted a film in 2022 called ''[[Head Bush]]''. Which is directed by Shoonya.

==Filmography==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Film !!Director !!Screenplay !!Story !! Notes
|-
| 2007 ||''[[Aa Dinagalu]]'' ||{{no}} ||{{yes}} ||{{yes}} || also dialogue writer
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Kallara Santhe]]'' ||{{no}} ||{{yes}} ||{{yes}} ||
|-
| 2010 || ''[[Thamassu]]'' || {{yes}}|| {{yes}}||{{yes}} || directorial debut
|-
| 2012 ||''[[Edegarike]]'' ||{{no}} ||{{yes}} ||{{yes}} || dialogue writer
|-
| 2016 ||''[[Kiragoorina Gayyaligalu]]'' ||{{no}} ||{{yes}} ||{{no}} ||
|-
|2021
|''[[Head Bush]]''
|No
|No
|Yes
|
|-
|TBA ||''[[Silent Sunila]]'' ||{{no}} ||{{yes}} ||{{yes}} ||
|-
|}

==Awards==

[[Thamassu]] directed by Agni Shridhar was adjudged as the second best film in the [[Karnataka State Film Awards]] for the year 2010–11.
He also won the Best Screen Play writer award for the same movie.
<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-10-25/news-interviews/43394682_1_medal-best-dubbing-artiste-best-dialogue-writer | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200735/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-10-25/news-interviews/43394682_1_medal-best-dubbing-artiste-best-dialogue-writer | url-status=dead | archive-date=29 October 2013 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Kannada State Film Awards list 2010-11 | date=25 October 2013}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shridhar, Agni}}
[[Category:Kannada-language writers]]
[[Category:Kannada film directors]]
[[Category:Indian male screenwriters]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian gangsters]]

Ei Raat Tomar Amaar

2026-03-21T23:35:32Z

User3465346: starting

{{Short description|2025 Indian Bengali drama film by Parambrata Chattopadhyay}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}

{{Infobox film
| image = Ei Raat Tomar Amaar poster.jpg
| caption = Release poster
| native_name = {{Infobox name module|bn|এই রাত তোমার আমার}}
| director = [[Parambrata Chattopadhyay]]
| writer = Chironjib Bordoloi (CJ)
| producer = Vishnu Mohta
| starring = {{plainlist|
* [[Anjan Dutt]]
* [[Aparna Sen]]
* [[Parambrata Chattopadhyay]]}}
| cinematography = Prosenjit Chowdhury
| editing = Sumit Chowdhury
| music = [[Indraadip Dasgupta]]
| studio = Hoichoi Studios
| distributor = SVF
| released = {{Film date|df=y| 2025|1|31}}
| runtime = 104 Minutes
| country = India
| language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| gross =
}}

'''''Ei Raat Tomar Amaar''''' ({{Translation|This Night is yours and mine}}) is a 2025 Indian Bengali-language [[psychological drama film]]. Directed by [[Parambrata Chatterjee|Parambrata Chattopadhyay]], the original story and screenplay have been written by Chironjib Bordoloi. Produced under the banner of Hoichoi by Vishnu Mohta, the film stars [[Anjan Dutt]] and [[Aparna Sen]] in the lead roles. It explores the complexities of relationships, mutual understanding, and the harsh realities of life. The film was released in theaters across [[West Bengal]] on January 31.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Banerjee |first=Swati Das |date=2024-12-19 |title=পরমের পরিচালনায় আবারও একসঙ্গে অঞ্জন-অপর্ণা,কবে মুক্তি পাচ্ছে এই রাত তোমার আমার? |url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bengali-anjan-dutt-parambrata-chatterjee-directorial-aparna-sen-ei-rat-tomar-amar-we-release-on-31st-jan-31734625043994.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226152706/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bengali-anjan-dutt-parambrata-chatterjee-directorial-aparna-sen-ei-rat-tomar-amar-we-release-on-31st-jan-31734625043994.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 December 2024 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=Hindustantimes Bangla |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=নিউজ |first=সময় |title=পরমব্রতর নতুন সিনেমা দেখে হাউমাউ করে কাঁদলেন অভিনেত্রী {{!}} বিনোদন |url=https://www.somoynews.tv/news/2025-01-30/VDyKCsGW |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=Somoy News |language=bn}}</ref>

The original story and Hindi-language screenplay by Chironjib Bordoloi were adapted into Bengali and made more contemporary by the director.<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 Jan 2025 |title=যত্নে লালিত সিনেমাদর্শন, উত্তর ইউরোপীয় ছবিকে মনে করিয়ে দেয় 'এই রাত তোমার আমার' |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/amp/entertainment/review-of-bengali-film-ei-raat-tomar-amaar-starring-aparna-sen-and-anjan-dutt-directed-by-parambrata-chatterjee-dgtl/cid/1578331 |access-date=18 Feb 2025 |work=[[Anandabazar Patrika]] |language=Bengali}}</ref> This marks the third cinematic collaboration between [[Aparna Sen]] and [[Anjan Dutt]], whose partnership has had a significant impact on Bengali cinema. The film's music has been composed by [[Indraadip Dasgupta]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=পর্দায় ফের অঞ্জন দত্ত ও অপর্ণা সেনের জুটি! প্রকাশ্যে পরমব্রতের নতুন ছবির পোস্টার |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/amp/entertainment/aparna-sen-and-anjan-dutt-starrer-film-ei-raat-tomar-amars-poster-released-dgtl/cid/1536291 |access-date=18 Feb 2025 |work=Anandobazar Patrika}}</ref> while cinematography has been handled by Prosenjit Choudhury.

The film's title evokes memories of a timeless song—composed by [[Gauriprasanna Mazumder|Gauri Prasanna Majumdar]] and sung by the legendary [[Hemanta Mukhopadhyay]] for the 1959 film ''Deep Jwele Jai''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=bdnews24.com |title=অঞ্জন-অর্পণার 'এই রাত তোমার আমার' আসছে |url=https://bangla.bdnews24.com/glitz/f1e4f7ad0e9d |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=অঞ্জন-অর্পণার 'এই রাত তোমার আমার' আসছে |language=en}}</ref> This iconic song served as an inspiration for the new film produced by Hoichoi Studios.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2024-08-16 |title=Aparna Sen-Anjan Dutt starrer 'Ei Raat Tomar Amar' to release next month |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/entertainment/tv-film/news/aparna-sen-anjan-dutt-starrer-ei-raat-tomar-amar-release-next-month-3678781 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref>

==Plot==
Amar Gupta is struggling to come to terms with his wife Jayita's battle with cancer. Despite ongoing treatment, her health is deteriorating. Meanwhile, Amar shares a strained relationship with his son, Joy. Determined to care for his wife alone, he refuses to stay in [[Kolkata]] or move to [[London]] with his son. Instead, he takes Jayita to their ancestral home in North Bengal.

As they reminisce about their journey together, celebrating their golden jubilee anniversary, memories of love, regret, forgiveness and companionship resurface. Over the course of a single night, past emotions and untold stories unfold, revealing that despite the trials and tribulations of life, their love has remained unwavering. Through all the struggles and challenges, their bond has only deepened, standing the test of time.

==Cast==
* [[Anjan Dutt]] as Amar Gupta<ref>{{Cite web |title=অঞ্জন- অপর্ণার এক রাতের গল্প, দেখতে হাজির হয়ে কী বললেন দেব- পার্নো-সৌরসেনী? |url=https://aajkaal.in/story/36524/dev_sauraseni_maitra_parno_mittra_talks_on_anjan_dutta_and_aparna_sen_starrer_movie_aei_raat_tomar_amar_in_its_premiere_ent |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220060121/https://aajkaal.in/story/36524/dev_sauraseni_maitra_parno_mittra_talks_on_anjan_dutta_and_aparna_sen_starrer_movie_aei_raat_tomar_amar_in_its_premiere_ent |url-status=dead |archive-date=20 February 2025 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=aajkaal.in |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Aparna Sen]] as Jayita Gupta<ref>{{Cite web |title=দাম্পত্যে কতটা টান থাকলে শেষপর্যন্ত একসঙ্গে থাকা যায়? প্রশ্ন উস্কে প্রকাশ্যে অঞ্জন-অপর্ণার ছবির ঝলক |url=https://www.aajkaal.in/entertainment/parambrata-chattopadhyay-s-film-starring-aparna-sen-anjan-dutt-ei-raat-tomar-amar-trailer-release-details-inside-ent-143145 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=aajkaal.in |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Parambrata Chatterjee|Parambrata Chattopadhyay]] as Joy
* Rohit Mukherjee as Jayita's brother
* Swati Mukherjee
* Debdut Roy
* Shruti Das as Mira, Joy's wife

==Release==
The film was initially scheduled for release on August 30, 2024, but was later postponed to January 31, 2025,<ref name=":0" /> when it premiered in theaters across [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-21 |title=Tollywood News: পর্দায় অঞ্জন-অপর্ণার রসায়ন! নতুন বছরে মুক্তি পাচ্ছে পরমব্রতর 'এই রাত তোমার আমার' |url=https://bengali.news18.com/news/entertainment/parambrata-chatterjee-directoria-ei-raat-tomar-amar-starring-aparna-sen-and-anjan-dutt-will-be-releasing-sank-1992808.html |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=bengali.news18.com |language=bn}}</ref> It is set to release on the OTT platform Hoichoi.

Additionally, the film was screened at the [[Kolkata International Film Festival]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=2024-12-07 |title=KIFF 2024: চলচ্চিত্র উৎসবে গৌতম ঘোষের 'পরিক্রমা'-সহ একগুচ্ছ বাংলা ছবি, আর কোথায় কী? |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/bn/!entertainment/goutam-ghose-movie-parikrama-and-bhanu-putulnama-screened-at-30th-kolkata-international-film-festival-west-bengal-news-wbs24120701947 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=bn}}</ref>

==Reception==
Sudip Ghosh of [[Anandabazar Patrika]] rated the film 9 out of 10, praising its execution despite being confined to a single setting. He wrote, "Although the film is set within the walls of a house, its screenplay, dialogues, and cinematography keep the audience engaged. The use of light and shadow is remarkable, and [[Indraadip Dasgupta]]’s music perfectly complements the film’s atmosphere. Under the director’s skilled guidance, every aspect of the film is beautifully crafted. Its refined storytelling and craftsmanship give it an international appeal."<ref>{{Cite news |title=যত্নে লালিত সিনেমাদর্শন, উত্তর ইউরোপীয় ছবিকে মনে করিয়ে দেয় 'এই রাত তোমার আমার' |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/amp/entertainment/review-of-bengali-film-ei-raat-tomar-amaar-starring-aparna-sen-and-anjan-dutt-directed-by-parambrata-chatterjee-dgtl/cid/1578331 |access-date=18 Feb 2025 |work=[[Anandabazar Patrika]]}}{{rating|9|10}}</ref>

Subhsmita Kanji of [[Hindustan Times]] rated the film 4.5 out of 5, praising its nuanced portrayal of marital complexities, illness, memories, and newfound realizations. She wrote, "[[Anjan Dutt]] and [[Aparna Sen]] deliver impeccable performances, capturing the deep struggles of marriage, illness, and emotional rediscovery. Despite its slow pace, the beauty of the dialogues, screenplay, and background score makes it a unique cinematic experience. The director skillfully parallels the strained father-son relationship with themes of familial ego and distance. With its emotionally charged yet restrained storytelling, this film effortlessly finds a place in the audience’s heart."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-31 |title='এই রাত তোমার আমার'-এ পরমের নির্দেশনায় পর্দা জুড়ে অঞ্জন-অপর্ণার ম্যাজিক! |url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/parambrata-chatterjee-directorial-ei-raat-tomar-amar-review-starting-aparna-sen-anjan-dutt-31738336648015.html |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=Hindustantimes Bangla |language=bn}}{{dead link|date=February 2026|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}{{rating|4.5|5}}</ref>

Sandipta Bhanj of [[Sangbad Pratidin]] wrote, "[[Parambrata Chattopadhyay]]’s Ei Raat Tomar Amar tells the story of a lonely couple expressing years of unspoken emotions on their 50th wedding anniversary night. [[Aparna Sen]] and [[Anjan Dutt]] deliver exceptional performances, bringing to life the unspoken words, emotions, and nostalgia of a long marriage. With a well-crafted screenplay, the director beautifully captures the tensions and realities of familial relationships. The film’s crisp narrative, realistic character portrayals, and emotionally charged moments make it a deeply moving experience."<ref>{{Cite web |title=অঞ্জন-অপর্ণা জুটির ম্যাজিক, কেমন হল 'এই রাত তোমার আমার'? পড়ুন রিভিউ |url=https://m.sangbadpratidin.in/article/parambrata-helmed-anjan-dutta-aparna-sens-ei-raat-tomar-amaar-review/1016388 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=sangbadpratidin.in}}</ref>

Navanita Sarkar of [[Zee 24 Ghanta]] wrote, "Under [[Parambrata Chattopadhyay]]’s direction, Ei Raat Tomar Amar is a poignant tale exploring the depth and complexities of an elderly couple’s relationship. [[Aparna Sen]] and [[Anjan Dutt]] deliver stellar performances, while the soft lighting, soothing music, and realistic storytelling leave a lasting impact. Themes of parental distance, loneliness, and emotional bonds add to the film’s authenticity. The film does not dwell on the breakdown of relationships but rather celebrates their endurance. Indraadip Dasgupta’s soulful score, atmospheric music, and restrained cinematography elevate the experience. This stands as one of Parambrata’s finest directorial works and signals a promising future for [[Bengali cinema (India)|Bengali cinema]]."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aparna-Anjan: খাদের ধারের রেলিংটায় আটকে জীবন, দাম্পত্য-সখ্যের 'পরম' কথকতায় নরম আলো...{{!}} Review of Bengali film Ei Raat Tomar Amar |url=https://zeenews.india.com/bengali/entertainment/review-of-bengali-film-ei-raat-tomar-amar_566822.html/amp |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=zeenews.india.com}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
==External links==
* {{IMDb title}}

[[Category:2025 Bengali-language films]]
[[Category:2025 Indian films]]
[[Category:Bengali-language romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Films set in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Films shot in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Films about parent–child relationships]]
[[Category:Bengali-language family drama films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Indradeep Dasgupta]]
[[Category:Films directed by Parambrata Chatterjee]]
[[Category:Hoichoi Studios films]]

List of railway stations in Chennai

2026-03-21T18:24:55Z

User3465346: New basic article nd citations

{{Short description|None}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}

[[File:Chennai suburban rail and bus interconnectivity map.png|thumb|300px|A railway map of the Chennai suburban train system including proposed new lines]]

[[File:Chennai Intracity Train System updated.png|thumb|alt=A graphical representation of the different public transit railway lines inside city limits in Chennai (including the Chennai Suburban Railway and the Chennai Metro) and their connections.|A graphical representation of the different public transit railway lines inside city limits in Chennai (including the Chennai Suburban Railway and the Chennai Metro) and their connections.]]

[[Chennai]], the capital city of the state of [[Tamil Nadu]], India, and the headquarters of the [[Southern Railway zone]], is a major rail transport hub in the country. It has over 40 railway stations which are part of an extensive suburban railway network<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sr.indianrailways.gov.in/ |title=Home |website=sr.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref> The city is served by three railway terminals – the [[Chennai Central railway station|Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station]] and the [[Chennai Egmore railway station]] and the [[Tambaram railway station]].

The first railway station to be built in Madras was the [[Royapuram railway station|Royapuram station]] constructed in 1855 though the city had a railway line that dates back to the 1840s.

Fundamentally, Chennai has 4 suburban railway lines,<ref name="CMRL pdf">{{cite web|title=Project Brief of Chennai Metro Rail |url=http://chennaimetrorail.gov.in/pdf/project_brief_updated_aug08.pdf |work=CMRL |publisher=Chennai Metro Rail Limited (CMRL) |access-date=24 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308045622/http://chennaimetrorail.gov.in/pdf/project_brief_updated_aug08.pdf |archive-date= 8 March 2014 }}</ref> namely [[North Line, Chennai Suburban|North line]], [[West Line, Chennai Suburban|West line]], [[South Line, Chennai Suburban|South line]] and [[Chennai MRTS|MRTS line]]. The [[South West Line, Chennai Suburban|South West line]], [[West North Line, Chennai Suburban|West North line]] and [[West South Line, Chennai Suburban|West South line]] are merely minor extensions or modifications of the aforementioned suburban lines. The MRTS is a suburban railway line that chiefly runs on an elevated track exclusively used for running local EMUs or suburban local trains. No express trains or passenger trains run on MRTS line.

==List of railway stations in Chennai==
{{See also|List of Chennai metro stations}}

The list includes those stations located within the [[Chennai Metropolitan Area]]. The [[Chennai Suburban Railway Network]] extends outside the metropolitan limits and are not included in the list, as are [[Chennai Metro]] stations.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="12" | List of railway stations in Chennai (Names in bold indicate that the station is also a regional hub)
|-
! style="width:1%;" rowspan="2"|#
! style="width:5%;" rowspan="2"|Image
! style="width:5%;" colspan="2"|Station Name
! style="width:1%;" rowspan="2"|Railway Station Code
! style="width:5%;" rowspan="2"|District
! style="width:5%;" rowspan="2"|Connections

|-
!English || [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
|-
| 1 || [[File:ChennaiBeach Platforms4And5.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Chennai Beach}} || சென்னை கடற்கரை || MSB || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || [[North Line, Chennai Suburban|North line]] [[West Line, Chennai Suburban|West line]] [[South Line, Chennai Suburban|South Line]] [[Chennai Mass Rapid Transit System|MRTS Line]]
|-
| 2 || [[File:Chennai Central (Front Entrance - Evening 2024).jpg|150px]] || [[Chennai Central railway station|Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station]]||புரட்சித் தலைவர் டாக்டர். எம்.ஜி. இராமச்சந்திரன் மத்திய ரயில் நிலையம்|| MAS ||[[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line West Line
|-
| 3 || [[File:Chennai Moore Market Station.jpg|150 px]] ||{{stnlnk|Moore Market Complex}}|| மூர் சந்தை வளாகம்|| MMC || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North line West Line
|-
| 4 || [[File:Royapuram-Stn-Oct07.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Royapuram}} || இராயபுரம் || RPM || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line West Line
|-
| 5 || [[File:View of BBQ junction.JPG|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Basin Bridge}} || பேசின் பாலம் சந்திப்பு || BBQ || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line West Line
|-
| 6 || [[File:WashermanpetStation WesternEnd.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Washermanpet}} || வண்ணாரப்பேட்டை || WST || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line West Line
|-
| 7 || [[File:சென்னைக் கோட்டை.JPG|150 px]]|| {{stnlnk|Chennai Fort}} || சென்னைக் கோட்டை || MSF || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || South Line MRTS Line
|-
| 8 || [[File:Chennai Park railway station View2.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Chennai Park}} || சென்னைப் பூங்கா || MPK || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || South Line
|-
| 9 || [[File:Chennai Egmore station, Second Entrance.jpg|150 px]]||{{stnlnk|Chennai Egmore}}||சென்னை எழும்பூர்|| MS || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || South Line
|-
| 10 || [[File:Korukkupet railway station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Korukkupet}} || கொருக்குப்பேட்டை || KOK || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line
|-
| 11 || [[File:Tondiarpet railway station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Tondiarpet}} || தண்டையார்பேட்டை || TNP || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line
|-
| 12 || [[File:Name plate VOC Nagar.JPG|150px]] || {{stnlnk|V. O. C. Nagar}} || வ. உ. சி. நகர் || VOC || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line
|-
| 13 || [[File:Tiruvottiyur railway station.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Tiruvottiyur}} || திருவொற்றியூர் || TVT || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line
|-
| 14 || [[File:Wimco Nagar railway station.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Wimco Nagar}} || விம்கோ நகர் || WCN || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line
|-
| 15 ||[[File:Kathivakkam Railway Station nameplate.JPG|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Kathivakkam}} || கத்திவாக்கம் || KAVM || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line
|-
| 16 || [[File:Ennore Railway Station.JPG|150 px]]|| {{stnlnk|Ennore}} || எண்ணூர் || ENR || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || North Line
|-
| 17 || [[File:Athipattu Pudhunagar railway station.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Athipattu Pudhunagar}} || அத்திப்பட்டு புதுநகர் || AIPP || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || North Line
|-
| 18 || [[File:Athipattu railway station.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Athipattu}} || அத்திப்பட்டு || AIP || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || North Line
|-
| 19 || [[File:Nandiambakkam railway station.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Nandiambakkam}} || நந்தியம்பாக்கம் || NPKM || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || North Line
|-
| 20 || || {{stnlnk|Minjur}} || மீஞ்சூர் || MJR || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || North Line
|-
| 21 || [[File:VysarpadiStation View3.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Vyasarpadi Jeeva}} || வியாசர்பாடி ஜீவா || VJM || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || West Line
|-
| 22 || [[File:PeramburStation View2.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Perambur}} || பெரம்பூர் || PER || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || West Line
|-
| 23 || [[File:PeramburCarriageWorks View1.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Perambur Carriage Works}}||பெரம்பூர் பயணியர் ஊர்த்திப் பட்டரை || PCW|| [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || West Line
|-
| 24 || [[File:PeramburLocoWorks View1.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Perambur Loco Works}} || பெரம்பூர் உந்துப் பொறி பட்டரை || PEW || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || West Line
|-
| 25 || [[File:VillivakkamStation View2.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Villivakkam}} || வில்லிவாக்கம் || VLK || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || West Line
|-
| 26 || [[File:Korattur Station, Chennai, View 1.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Korattur}} || கொரட்டூர் || KOTR || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || West Line
|-
| 27 || [[File:Eastern end of Pattaravakkam Station, Chennai.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Pattaravakkam}} || பட்டரவாக்கம் || PVM || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || West Line
|-
| 28 || [[File:Chennai Ambattur railway station EntranceView.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Ambattur}} || அம்பத்தூர் || ABU || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || West Line
|-
| 29 || [[File:FOB at Thirumullaivoyal Station, Chennai.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Thirumullaivoyal}} || திருமுல்லைவாயில் || TMVL || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || West Line
|-
| 30 || [[File:Annanur Station, Chennai, View 1.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Annanur}} || அண்ணனூர் || ANNR || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || West Line
|-
| 31 || [[File:Avadi railway station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Avadi}} || ஆவடி || AVD || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || West Line
|-
| 32 || || {{stnlnk|Hindu College}} || இந்துக் கல்லூரி || HC || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || West Line
|-
| 33 || || {{stnlnk|Pattabiram}} || பட்டாபிராம் || PAB || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || West Line
|-
| 34 || || {{stnlnk|Pattabiram Military Siding}} || பட்டாபிராம் மிலிட்டரி சைடிங் || PTMS || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || West Line
|-
| 35 || || {{stnlnk|Pattabiram East Depot}} || பட்டாபிராம் கிழக்கு டிப்போ || PRES || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || West Line
|-
| 36 || || {{stnlnk|Nemilichery}} || நெமிலிச்சேரி || NEC || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || West Line
|-
| 37 || || {{stnlnk|Thirunindravur}} || திருநின்றவூர் || TI || [[Tiruvallur district|Tiruvallur]] || West Line
|-
| 38 || [[File:ChennaiSuburbanRailway Chetput.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Chetput}} || சேத்துப்பட்டு || MSC || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || South Line
|-
| 39 || [[File:Nungambaakkam railway station2.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Nungambakkam}} || நுங்கம்பாக்கம் || NBK || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || South Line
|-
|40 || [[File:ChennaiSuburbanRailway Kodambakkam.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Kodambakkam}} || கோடம்பாக்கம் || MKK || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || South Line
|-
|41 || [[File:Mambalam Railway Station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Mambalam}} || மாம்பலம் || MBM || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || South Line
|-
|42 || [[File:Saidapet Railway Station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Saidapet}} || சைதாப்பேட்டை || SP || [[Chennai district|Chennai]]
|| South Line
|-
|43 || [[File:Guindy 2006 03 01.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Guindy}} || கிண்டி || GDY || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || South Line
|-
|44|||| {{stnlnk|St. Thomas Mount}} || பரங்கிமலை || STM || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] ||South Line
|-
|45|| [[File:Pazhavanthangal Railway Station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Pazhavanthangal}} || பழவந்தாங்கல் || PZA || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] ||South Line
|-
|46|| [[File:Meenambakkam Railway Station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Meenambakkam}} || மீனம்பாக்கம் || MN || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] ||South Line
|-
|47|| [[File:Tirusulam Station.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Tirusulam}} || திரிசூலம் || TLM || [[Chengalpattu district|Chengalpattu]] ||South Line
|-
|48|| [[File:ChennaiSuburbanRailway Pallavaram.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Pallavaram}} || பல்லாவரம் || PV || [[Chengalpattu district|Chengalpattu]] ||South Line
|-
|49|| [[File:ChennaiSuburbanRailway Chromepet.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Chromepet}} || குரோம்பேட்டை || CMP || [[Chengalpattu district|Chengalpattu]] ||South Line
|-
|50|| [[File:Tambaram Sanatorium Railway Station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Tambaram Sanatorium}} || தாம்பரம் பிணிநீக்கு மையம் || TBMS || [[Chengalpattu district|Chengalpattu]] ||South Line
|-
|51|| [[File:Tambaram railway station.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Tambaram}} || தாம்பரம் || TBM || [[Chengalpattu district|Chengalpattu]] ||South Line
|-
|52|| [[File:Perungalathur railway station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Perungalathur}} || பெருங்களத்தூர் || PRGL || [[Chengalpattu district|Chengalpattu]] ||South Line
|-
|53|| [[File:Vandalur-Railway-Station.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Vandalur}} || வண்டலூர் || VDR || [[Chengalpattu district|Chengalpattu]] ||South Line
|-
|54|| || {{stnlnk|Kilambakkam}} (under construction) || கிளாம்பாக்கம் || || [[Chengalpattu district|Chengalpattu]] ||South Line
|-
|55|| [[File:ChennaiParkTown WesternViewWithCrowd.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Chennai Park Town}} || பூங்கா நகர் || MPKT || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] ||MRTS Line
|-
|56|| [[File:Chintadripet station tracks and platform.JPG|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Chintadripet}} || சிந்தாதிரிப்பேட்டை || MCPT || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|57|| [[File:Chepauk Railway Station.JPG|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Chepauk}} || சேப்பாக்கம் || MCPK || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|58|| || {{stnlnk|Thiruvallikeni}} || திருவல்லிக்கேணி || MTCN || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|59|| || {{stnlnk|Light House}} || கலங்கரை விளக்கம் || MLHS || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|60|| || {{stnlnk|Mundagakanniamman Koil}} || முண்டகக்கண்ணியம்மன் கோவில் || MKAK || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|61|| [[File:Tirumailai MRTS station Chennai (Madras).jpg|150 px]] ||{{stnlnk|Thirumayilai}} || திருமயிலை || MTMY|| [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|62|| [[File:Platform - Mandaveli Commuter Railway Station - Chennai, India (6090402229).jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Mandaveli}} || மந்தைவெளி || MNDY || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|63|| || {{stnlnk|Greenways Road}} || பசுமைவழிச் சாலை || GWYR|| [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|64|| [[File:Kotturpuram railway station.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Kotturpuram}}|| கோட்டூர்புரம் || KTPM || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|65|| [[File:Kasturbai nagar.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Kasturba Nagar}} || கஸ்தூரிபாய் நகர் || KTBR|| [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|66|| || {{stnlnk|Indira Nagar}} || இந்திரா நகர் || INDR|| [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|67|| [[File:Thiruvanmiyur Station.JPG|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Thiruvanmiyur}} || திருவான்மியூர் || TYMR|| [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|68|| [[File:Tharamani MRTS 11 09.JPG|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Taramani}} || தரமணி || TRMN|| [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|69|| [[File:Perungudi train station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Perungudi}} || பெருங்குடி || PRGD|| [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|70|| [[File:Velachery Railway station June 2010.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Velachery}} || வேளச்சேரி || VLCY|| [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|71|| [[File:Puzhuthivakkam.jpg|150px]] || {{stnlnk|Puzhuthivakkam}} || புழுதிவாக்கம் || PZV || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|72|| [[File:Adambakkam Railway Station.jpg|150 px]] || {{stnlnk|Adambakkam}} || ஆதம்பாக்கம் || ABKM || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || MRTS Line
|-
|73|| || {{stnlnk|Padi}} (Defunct since 2007) || பாடி || || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || West Line
|-
|74|| || {{stnlnk|Anna Nagar}} (Defunct since 2007) || அண்ணா நகர் || || [[Chennai district|Chennai]] || West Line
|-
|}

==See also==
* [[List of Chennai metro stations]]
* [[Chennai Suburban Railway]]
* [[Transport in Chennai]]
{{Portal bar|India|Transport|Engineering}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Chennai topics}}
{{Transport in Chennai}}
{{Railway stations in Tamil Nadu|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Railway stations in Chennai| ]]
[[Category:Chennai-related lists|Railway]]
[[Category:Chennai railway division]]
[[Category:Lists of railway stations in India|Chennai]]
[[Category:Lists of buildings and structures by city|Chennai, Hotels]]
[[Category:Lists of buildings and structures in Tamil Nadu]]

Rourkela Assembly constituency

2026-03-18T08:05:18Z

User3465346:

{{Short description|Constituency of the Odisha legislative assembly in India}}
{{About| the assembly constituency|its eponymous town|Rourkela}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Rourkela
| state = [[Odisha]]
| constituency_no = 12
| type = SLA
| map_image = 12-Rourkela.svg
| map_caption = Rourkela Assembly constituency in [[Sundargarh district]]
| map_alt =
| division = Northen Division
| district = [[Sundargarh district|Sundargarh]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Sundargarh Lok Sabha constituency|Sundargarh]]
| established = 1967
| reservation = None
| incumbent_image =
| mla = [[Sarada Prashad Nayak]]
| party = [[Biju Janata Dal]]
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| electors = 2,15,294{{efn|as on 2024}}{{efn|as data published by election commission}}
}}
'''Rourkela''' is a [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Assembly]] [[List of constituencies of the Odisha Legislative Assembly|constituency]] of [[Sundergarh district]] in [[Odisha]] [[States and union territories of India|State]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=283&cid=12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140105043840/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=283&cid=12 |url-status=usurped |archive-date=5 January 2014 |title= Orissa Assembly Election 2009 |work=empoweringindia.org |quote= Constituency: Rourkela (12) District : Sundargarh|accessdate= 5 January 2014}}</ref> It was established in 1967.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies Order - 2008 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3931-delimitation-of-parliamentary-assembly-constituencies-order-2008/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317193120/https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3931-delimitation-of-parliamentary-assembly-constituencies-order-2008/ |archive-date=2024-03-17 |access-date=2025-09-10 |website=Election Commission of India |language=en-IN}}</ref>

== Extent of Assembly Constituencies ==

* Rourkela Municipal Corporation
* Bisra Block : Kulunga (O.G.), Jagada and Jhirpani GPs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Orissa/orissa.pdf|title=Assembly Constituencies and their Extent}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/paper1to7/Orissa.xls|title=Seats of Odisha}}</ref>

==Elected members==
{{bar box
|float=right
|title= Vote share of winning candidates<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S18/partycomp139.htm|title= 139 - Rourkela Assembly Constituency|work=eci.nic.in |year=2006 |quote=List Of Winning Candidates |accessdate= 27 March 2014}}</ref>
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=300px
|barwidth=275px
|bars=
{{bar percent|2024|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|46.46}}
{{bar percent|2019|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|47.29}}
{{bar percent|2014|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|48.37}}
{{bar percent|2009|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|53.25}}
{{bar percent|2004|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|58.51}}
{{bar percent|2000|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|52.86}}
{{bar percent|1995|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|43.64}}
{{bar percent|1990|{{party color|Janata Dal}}|77.22}}
{{bar percent|1985|{{party color|Janata Party}}|45.48}}
{{bar percent|1980|{{party color|Indian National Congress (I)}}|34.13}}
{{bar percent|1977|{{party color|Janata Party}}|62.39}}
}}
Since its formation in 1967, 15 elections were held till date including one bypoll in 1971.

List of members elected from Rourkela constituency are:<ref name=prevMLAs>{{cite web|url=http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |title=Odisha Reference Annual - 2011 - List of Members of Odisha Legislative Assembly - (1951–2004) |access-date=6 October 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217121136/http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |archive-date=17 December 2013 }}</ref>
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Member
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2024]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Rourkela Assembly Election Results 2024: Rourkela Election Candidates List, Election Date, Vote Share - IndiaToday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/odisha/rourkela-constituency-result-18012 |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
|rowspan=2|[[Sarada Prashad Nayak]]
|{{full party name with color|rowspan=2|Biju Janata Dal}}
|-
|[[2019 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2019]]<ref name="election2019">{{cite web |title=State Election, 2019 to the Legislative Assembly of Odisha |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11679-odisha-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |url-access=limited |access-date=7 October 2021 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=IndiaVotes AC Summary: Rourkela 2019 |url=https://www.indiavotes.com/ac/summary/www.indiavotes.com/ac/summary/43346 |access-date=2025-06-18 |website=IndiaVotes}}</ref>
|-
|[[2014 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2014]]<ref name=":3" />
|[[Dilip Ray|Dilip Kumar Ray]]
|{{full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|[[2009 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2009]]<ref name=":4" />
|rowspan=2|[[Sarada Prashad Nayak]]
|{{full party name with color|rowspan=3|Biju Janata Dal}}
|-
|[[2004 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
|-
|[[2000 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2000]]
|Ajit Das
|-
||[[1995 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1995]]
|Prabhat Mohapatra
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
||[[1990 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
|rowspan=2|[[Dilip Ray|Dilip Kumar Ray]]
|{{full party name with color|rowspan=2|Janata Dal}}
|-
||[[1985 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
|-
||[[1980 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
|Gurupada Nanda
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)|dab=yes}}
|-
||[[1977 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|Braja Kishore Mohanty
|{{full party name with color|rowspan=2|Indian National Congress}}
|-
||[[1974 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1974]]
|Dhananjaya Mohanty
|-
|1971 (bypoll){{efn|Resignation of Shyamsundar Mohapatra}}
|[[Bishwanath Das]]
|{{full party name with color|Independent}}
|-
||[[1971 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1971]]
|Shyamsundar Mohapatra
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
||[[1967 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|Rajkishore Samantarai
|{{full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party}}
|}

==Election results==
=== 2024 ===
Voting were held on 20th May 2024 in 2nd phase of Odisha Assembly Election & 5th phase of Indian General Election. Counting of votes was on 4th June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=General Election to Legislative Assembly of Odisha 2024 |url=https://elections24.eci.gov.in/election-details-odisa.html |website=[[Election Commission of India|ECI]]}}</ref> In 2024 election, [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate [[Sarada Prasad Nayak]] defeated [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate [[Dilip Ray|Dilip Kumar Ray]] by a margin of 3,552 votes.<ref name=":0" />
{{Election box begin
|title= [[2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2024 Odisha Vidhan Sabha Election]],Rourkela}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=Biju Janata Dal|candidate=[[Sarada Prashad Nayak]]|votes=64,660|percentage=46.46|change={{decrease}}0.83}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Dilip Ray|Dilip Kumar Ray]]|votes=61,108|percentage=43.91|change={{increase}}4.74}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Birendra Nath Pattnaik|votes=8,751|percentage=6.29|change={{decrease}}4.57}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Independent|candidate=Nihar Ray|votes=2,522|percentage=1.81|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=837|percentage=0.6|change={{decrease}}0.10}}
{{Election box majority||votes=3,552|percentage=2.55|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=139,170|percentage=64.64|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link |
|winner = Biju Janata Dal
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2019===
In 2019 election, [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate [[Sarada Prasad Nayak]] defeated [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate Nihar Ray by a margin of 10,460 votes.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://results.eci.gov.in/ac/en/constituencywise/ConstituencywiseS1812.htm?ac=12|title=Assembly Election 2019 - Election Commission of India|website=results.eci.gov.in|access-date=2019-06-22}}</ref><ref name=":2" />
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Odisha Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Rourkela]]<ref name="SP Ass Cand">{{cite web |title=List of Contesting Candidates(Phase-II) (AC) |url=http://www.ceoorissa.nic.in/docs/Election/2019/Form7A/Phase2/List%20of%20Contesting%20Candidates%20%282nd%20Phase-AC%20Wise%29.pdf |website=ceoorissa.nic.in |publisher=Office of the Chief Electoral Officer, Odisha |accessdate=17 April 2019}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Biju Janata Dal
|candidate = [[Sarada Prashad Nayak]]
|votes = 60,877
|percentage = 47.29
|change = {{increase}}7.78
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Nihar Ray
|votes = 50,417
|percentage = 39.17
|change = {{decrease}}9.2
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Biren Senapaty
|votes = 13,977
|percentage = 10.86
|change = {{increase}}2.43
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 895
|percentage = 0.7
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 10,460
|percentage =7.96
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,31,375
|percentage = 63.75
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Biju Janata Dal
|loser = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2014 ===
In 2014 election, [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate [[Dilip Ray|Dilip Kumar Ray]] defeated [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate [[Sarada Prasad Nayak]] by a margin of 10,929 votes.<ref name=":3">{{cite web|title=Constituency Wise odisha Assembly Election result 2014|url=http://leadtech.in/infoelection/index.php/odisha/2604-constituency-wise-odisha-assembly-election-result.html|publisher=Leadtech.in|accessdate=5 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818230907/http://leadtech.in/infoelection/index.php/odisha/2604-constituency-wise-odisha-assembly-election-result.html|archive-date=18 August 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{Election box begin |
| title=[[2014 Odisha Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Rourkela]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Odisha - Rourkela|url=http://eciresults.nic.in/AC/ConstituencywiseS1812.htm?ac=12|publisher=Election Commission of India|accessdate=5 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Orissa Assembly Election 2014 Constituency: Rourkela (12)|url=http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=998&cid=12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606220601/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=998&cid=12|url-status=usurped|archive-date=6 June 2014|publisher=Empowering India.org|accessdate=5 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/rourkela-odisha-assembly-constituency#2014|title=Rourkela Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency|website=resultuniversity.com|access-date=2019-06-22}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Dilip Ray|Dilip Kumar Ray]]
|votes = 59,653
|percentage = 48.37
|change = {{increase}}24.74
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Biju Janata Dal
|candidate = [[Sarada Prashad Nayak]]
|votes = 48,724
|percentage = 39.51
|change = {{decrease}}13.74
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Pravat Mohapatra
|votes = 10,397
|percentage = 8.43
|change = {{decrease}}8.59
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 1,091
|percentage = 0.88
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 10,929
|percentage = 8.86
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,23,320
|percentage = 68.84
|change = 21.05
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 1,79,140
}}
{{Election box gain with party link no swing|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Biju Janata Dal
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2009 ===
In 2009 election, [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate [[Sarada Prashad Nayak]] defeated [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate Ramesh Kumar Agrawal 25,596 votes.<ref name=":4">{{cite web |url=http://leadtech.in/infoelection/index.php/odisha/431-odisha-election-result-2009-votemargin.html |title=Orissa Election Result 2009 With Vote Margin |work=leadtech.in |quote=25596 |accessdate=5 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527163949/http://leadtech.in/infoelection/index.php/odisha/431-odisha-election-result-2009-votemargin.html |archive-date=27 May 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{Election box begin |title= [[2009 Odisha Legislative Assembly election]]: [[Rourkela]]<ref name=election2009>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3630-orissa-2009/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2009 to the Legislative Assembly of Orissa |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 6 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/rourkela-odisha-assembly-constituency#2009|title=Rourkela Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency|website=resultuniversity.com|access-date=2019-06-22}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Biju Janata Dal
|candidate = [[Sarada Prashad Nayak]]
|votes = 46,020
|percentage = 53.25
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Ramesh Kumar Agrawal
|votes = 20,424
|percentage = 23.63
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Prashanta Kumar Behera
|votes = 14,707
|percentage = 17.02
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 25,596
|percentage = 29.61{{efn|% of total valid votes}}
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 86,488
|percentage = 47.79
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner = Biju Janata Dal
}}
{{Election box end}}

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Sundergarh district}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Odisha|state=expanded}}
{{coords|22.22|84.86|display=title}}

[[Category:Sundergarh district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Odisha]]
[[Category:Rourkela]]
[[Category:Politics of Odisha]]
[[Category:Constituencies established in 1967]]
[[Category:1967 establishments in Orissa]]

Abhinay Vaddi

2026-03-16T21:03:21Z

User3465346: made a stub.

{{Short description|Indian actor}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Abhinay Vaddi
| image =
| birth_date = 
| birth_place = Chennai, India
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|Table tennis player}}
| spouse = 
| children = 
| parents =
| relatives = [[Gemini Ganesan]] (grandfather) [[Savitri (actress)|Savitri]] (grandmother) [[Rekha]] (aunt)
| yearsactive = 2010{{ndash}}2022
}}

'''Abhinay Vaddi''' is an Indian actor who works in Tamil and Telugu-language films. He is also an accomplished athlete, and was a former national level table tennis player. He is currently one of the head coaches for the Canadian national team in the sport of table tennis.

== Career ==
Abhinay Vaddi made his film debut with the Telugu film ''[[Young India (film)|Young India]]'' (2010) directed by [[Dasari Narayana Rao]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/south-indian/gemini-ganesans-grandson-is-new-kid-on-the-block-1.1357480|title=Gemini Ganesan's grandson is new kid on the block|website=gulfnews.com|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=8 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230908151603/https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/south-indian/gemini-ganesans-grandson-is-new-kid-on-the-block-1.1357480|url-status=live}}</ref> He was set to make his Tamil debut with ''[[Vilambaram (2019 film)|Vilambaram]]'', but the delay of the film meant that the biographical film ''[[Ramanujan (film)|Ramanujan]]'', based on the mathematician, was his debut film in Tamil.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Gemini-Ganesans-grandson-turns-actor/articleshow/17214327.cms|title=Gemini Ganesan's grandson turns actor|website=The Times of India|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=11 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111225032/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Gemini-Ganesans-grandson-turns-actor/articleshow/17214327.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/chen-society/unveiling-a-reclusive-genius/article6194132.ece|title=Unveiling a reclusive genius|first=Udhav|last=Naig|date=10 July 2014|work=The Hindu|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=23 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623130544/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/chen-society/unveiling-a-reclusive-genius/article6194132.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/south-slide-show-1-i-am-ecstatic-to-portray-ramanujan-on-screen/20131003.htm|title='I am ecstatic to portray Ramanujan on screen'|website=Rediff|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=8 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230908151602/https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/south-slide-show-1-i-am-ecstatic-to-portray-ramanujan-on-screen/20131003.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> He was awarded the role after a series of auditions which had prominent actors from the Tamil film industry.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/the-boy-next-door-comes-of-age/article7064917.ece|title=The boy next door comes of age|first=Srinivasa|last=Ramanujam|date=3 April 2015|work=The Hindu|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=24 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200624135348/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/the-boy-next-door-comes-of-age/article7064917.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> Akin to Ramanujan, Vaddi is also good at math.<ref name="A">{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Math-whiz-plays-genius-Ramanujan-in-biopic/articleshow/36252789.cms|title=Math whiz plays genius Ramanujan in biopic|website=The Times of India|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=14 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200914193726/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Math-whiz-plays-genius-Ramanujan-in-biopic/articleshow/36252789.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> Each scene was shot first in Tamil and then in English, with changes made between the versions due to the different theatrical audience.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Gemini-Ganesans-grandson-as-Ramanujan/articleshow/20971943.cms|title=Gemini Ganesan's grandson as Ramanujan|website=The Times of India}}</ref> A critic from [[The Indian Express|''The'' ''Indian Express'']] cited that "the highlight of the film is that it has a talented debutant playing Ramanujan to the hilt. You could see Ramanujan in Vaddi, literally, and his portrayal of the genius is nearly flawless".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/ramanujan-inspiring-biopic-but-doesnt-resonate-tamil-movie-review/|title='Ramanujan': Inspiring biopic, but doesn't resonate (Tamil Movie Review)|date=11 July 2014|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=15 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815183109/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/ramanujan-inspiring-biopic-but-doesnt-resonate-tamil-movie-review/|url-status=live}}</ref> Vaddi played a negative cameo role in ''[[Chennai 600028 II]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/200416/abhinay-plays-baddie-in-chennai-28-sequel.html|title=Abhinay plays baddie in Chennai-28 sequel!|first=S.|last=Subhakeerthana|date=20 April 2016|website=Deccan Chronicle|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=23 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623044348/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/200416/abhinay-plays-baddie-in-chennai-28-sequel.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He also play the lead role in the unreleased film ''Michaelagiya Naan'', which is a psychological thriller<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/from-biopic-to-physiological-thriller-abhinay-vaddi/article6209131.ece|title=From biopic to physiological thriller: Abhinay Vaddi|date=14 July 2014|work=The Hindu|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=22 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622135456/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/from-biopic-to-physiological-thriller-abhinay-vaddi/article6209131.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> and stars [[Vasundhara Kashyap]] and [[Malobika Banerjee]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/abhinay-becomes-michael/article6200862.ece|title=Abhinay becomes Michael|first=Srinivasa|last=Ramanujam|date=11 July 2014|work=The Hindu|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=24 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200624080612/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/abhinay-becomes-michael/article6200862.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> and the unreleased ''Sugar'' starring [[Simran (actress)|Simran]] and [[Trisha (actress)|Trisha]].<ref name="D" /> He is paired opposite Simran in the film .<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/i-play-simrans-pair-but-ive-more-scenes-with-trisha/articleshow/70277485.cms|title=I play Simran's pair, but I've more scenes with Trisha|website=The Times of India|last1=Suganth|first1=M.|archive-date=5 November 2019|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191105205249/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/i-play-simrans-pair-but-ive-more-scenes-with-trisha/articleshow/70277485.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Abhinay Vaddi's grandfather is [[Gemini Ganesan]] and his grandmother is [[Savitri (actress)|Savithri]].<ref name="D">{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/180719/abhinay-vaddi-ready-to-shoulder-responsibility-of-family-legacy.html|title=Abhinay Vaddi ready to shoulder responsibility of family legacy|first=Anupama|last=Subramanian|date=18 July 2019|website=Deccan Chronicle|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=18 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018134949/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/180719/abhinay-vaddi-ready-to-shoulder-responsibility-of-family-legacy.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Abhinay was also a national level [[table tennis]] player and is a table tennis coach and trains state and national level professional athletes.<ref>https://ca.linkedin.com/in/abhinay-vaddi-a88550256</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/grandson-of-acting-legends-to-play-genius/cid/288201|title=Grandson of acting legends to play genius|website=www.telegraphindia.com|access-date=22 June 2020|archive-date=23 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623102548/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/grandson-of-acting-legends-to-play-genius/cid/288201|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="A" />

== Filmography ==
{{Pending films key}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+List of films and roles
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Language
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2010 || ''[[Young India (film)|Young India]]'' || Abhi || [[Telugu language|Telugu]] || credited as Pradyumna
|-
| 2014 || ''[[Ramanujan (film)|Ramanujan]]'' || [[Srinivasa Ramanujan]] || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] [[English language|English]] || Bilingual film
|-
| 2016 || ''[[Chennai 600028 II]]'' || Ganeshan || rowspan="2"|Tamil ||
|-
| 2019 || ''[[Vilambaram (2019 film)|Vilambaram]]'' || Ashvin / Santhosh ||
|-
|}

=== Television ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+List of television shows
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
!Platform
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
|2021–2022|| ''[[Bigg Boss (Tamil season 5)]]'' || rowspan="2" |Contestant
|[[Star Vijay|Vijay Television]]||Evicted Day 77
|-
|2022|| ''[[Bigg Boss Ultimate (Season 1)]]''
|[[Disney+ Hotstar]]||Evicted Day 21
|}

==Discography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ List of Abhinay Vaddi playback singer credits
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Song
! scope="col" | Composer
! scope="col" | Lyrics
! scope="col" | Co-singer(s)
! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
|2017
|"Friendship Anthem"
| Praveen PDM, Rahul Mani
| [[Aadhav Kannadasan]]
| [[Premgi Amaren]], MC Rude, Praveen PDM, Rahul Mani, Danny, Nikil Murugan
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/ca/album/friendship-anthem-feat-praveen-pdm-mc-rude-rahul-mani/1353735330|title=Friendship Anthem (feat. Praveen Pdm, MC Rude, Rahul Mani & Yashmith) - Single by Premgi Amaren on Apple Music|date=30 April 2017|via=music.apple.com|access-date=13 September 2024|archive-date=13 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913035400/https://music.apple.com/ca/album/friendship-anthem-feat-praveen-pdm-mc-rude-rahul-mani/1353735330|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}

== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+List of awards and nominations
!Year
!Award
!Category
!Work
!Result
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Ref.
|-
|2015
|4th SIIMA Awards
|Best Debut Actor
|rowspan="2"|''Ramanujan''
|{{Nom}}
|{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}
|-
| 2015
| [[9th Vijay Awards]]
| [[Vijay Award for Best Debut Actor|Best Debut Actor]]
| {{nom}}
|{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb name|5785091}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vaddi, Abhinay}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Male actors in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Telugu male actors]]

Kathgola

2026-03-13T22:56:14Z

User3465346: made a data...

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{more footnotes|date=October 2012}}

{{coord|24.207093|88.26707|display=title}}
{{Infobox settlement

| name = Kathgola
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| settlement_type = Neighbourhood in [[Murshidabad]]
| image_skyline = Kathgola satyajit sinha.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = The Kathgola Palace, also known as ''Kathgola Raj Bari''.
| image_flag =
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}}
'''Kathgola''' (also known as Katgola) is a neighbourhood in the city of [[Murshidabad]] which was at one time the capital of [[Bengal]], [[Bihar]] and [[Orissa, India|Orissa]] during the reign of the [[Nawabs of Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120226/spectrum/main6.htm|title=Spectrum|website=Tribune India|access-date=29 August 2021}}</ref>

==History==

Kathgola often refers to the Kathgola Palace. Kathgola Gardens, also known as the Kathgola Temple, was built by Lakshmipat Singh Dugar.{{fact|date=August 2020}}

==Kathgola Gardens==
It is said that [[Black rose (symbolism)|black rose]]s were cultivated here but now only mango trees can be seen here. The gardens cover 30 acres.{{fact|date=August 2020}}

==Adinath Temple==
[[File:Katgola Temple.JPG|thumb|The temple in the Kathgola Gardens.]]
Adinath Temple also known as Paresh Nath Temple or Kathgola Temple is situated in the Kathgola Gardens. It is a temple dedicated to [[Rishabha (Jain tirthankar)|Bhagawan Adishvar]]. Moolnayak of this temple is a 90 cm. white colored idol of Bhagawan Adishvar ''[[Lotus position|padmasana]]'' posture. The idol of Bhagwan Adinatha is very ancient and considered to be around 900 years old. There are 17 other images of Jain Tithankaras and other deities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hotelsamrat.net.in/kathgola-gardens/|title=Kathgola Gardens | Hotel Samrat|access-date=23 August 2016|archive-date=3 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003230136/http://hotelsamrat.net.in/kathgola-gardens/|url-status=dead}}</ref> This temple was built in 1933 by Lakshmipat Singh Dugar due to inspiration from his mother. The architecture of the temple is unique of its kind.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://murshidabad.nic.in/tourism2.htm |title=Adinath Temple |access-date=7 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101082159/http://murshidabad.nic.in/tourism2.htm |archive-date=1 January 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
A dadabari dedicated to jain saint Jinadutta Suriji Maharaj is present near the Adinath Temple. The dadabari contains a pair of Charans of Guru Jinadutta Suriji Maharaj, and was built at the same time as the main temple.

==Kathgola Palace==
[[File:Katgola The Beautiful Palace.jpg|thumb|The Kathgola Palace]]
[[File:Katgola Palace (Side View).jpg|thumb|[[Façade]] of the palace]]
[[Kathgola Palace]] is a four-storeyed palatial palace in the Kathgola Gardens. It has an ornamented facade with paintings, mirrors and furniture.{{fact|date=August 2020}} Beside the palace is a small pond and a ''[[baoli]]''.

==Gallery==
<gallery caption="Kathgola Gallery" widths="125px" heights="100px" perrow="4">
File:Hazarduari2 .jpg|The Katgola Palace
File:Katgola A Traditional Design.JPG|The ornamented wall of the palace.
File:Hazarduari6 .jpg|A demolished part of the palace.
File:Katgola Michelangelo.JPG|A statue of [[Michelangelo]] in the gardens.
File:Hazarduari1 .jpg|A statue of another brother who built Kathgola.
File:Hazarduari3 .jpg|The lion gate ''(shinghadwar)''.
File:Hazarduari9.jpg|Kathgola Jain temple
</gallery>

==References==
{{commons category|Kathgola (Murshidabad)|Kathgola}}
{{reflist}}

{{Tourist attractions in Murshidabad}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Murshidabad district]]
[[Category:Former capitals in India]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Murshidabad]]

Barrister Babu

2026-03-10T11:05:38Z

User3465346: general adjusted structure

{{Short description|Pre-independence Indian Social Drama}}
{{Pp-pc|small=1}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Barrister_Babu.png
| genre = Social drama
| creator = {{ubl|Shashi Mittal|Sumeet Hukamchand Mittal}}
| director = Mangesh Kanthale
| writer = {{ubl|Shashi Mittal|Sumeet Hukamchand Mittal|Vaishali Naik|Seema Mantri}}
| creative_director = Neha Kothari
| starring = [[#Cast|See below]]
| theme_music_composer = Ashish Rego
| opentheme = ''Rishta Tera Mera''
| endtheme =
| composer = [[Anish John]] '''Singers''' Mukund Suryavanshi Shreya Phukan
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 408
| executive_producer =
| producer = {{ubl|Shashi Mittal|Sumeet Hukamchand Mittal|Animesh Bandyopadhyay|Gita Pandey Desai Bandyopadhyay}}
| editor =
| cinematography = {{ubl|Abhishek Basu Sudesh Kotian}}
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-Camera]]
| runtime = 20-59 minutes
| company = [[Shashi Sumeet Productions]]
| network = [[Colors TV]]
| first_aired = {{start date|df=yes|2020|2|11}}
| last_aired = {{end date|df=yes|2021|11|12}}
| related = [[Durga Aur Charu]]
| list_episodes =
}}

'''''Barrister Babu''''' is an Indian Hindi-language [[soap opera]] by [[Shashi Sumeet Productions]], which broadcast on [[Colors TV]]. It aired from 11 February 2020 to 12 November 2021 and starred [[Pravisht Mishra]], [[Aurra Bhatnagar Badoni]] and [[Anchal Sahu]].

A sequel, ''[[Durga Aur Charu]]'', aired from 12 December 2022 to 14 April 2023. It starred [[Aurra Bhatnagar Badoni]], Vaishnavi prajapati, [[Rachi Sharma]], [[Adrija Roy]], and [[Kunal Jaisingh]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/khatron-ke-khiladi-10-to-roadies-season-17-list-of-tv-shows-to-look-forward/photostory/73940979.cms|title=Khatron Ke Khiladi 10 to Roadies season 17; list of TV shows to look forward|last=|first=|date=5 February 2020|website=The Times of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205075255/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/khatron-ke-khiladi-10-to-roadies-season-17-list-of-tv-shows-to-look-forward/photostory/73940979.cms|archive-date=5 February 2020|access-date=}}</ref>

==Plot==
In the [[Indian independence movement|pre-independence era]] in rural [[Bengal]], Aniruddh Roy Choudhary, a 22-year-old [[barrister]], returns from London to his family's native village of [[Tulsipur]], intending to marry his childhood sweetheart, Saudamini Bhaumik. Meanwhile, Aniruddh's best friend, Saurabh, is going to marry Sampoorna, a [[Bengalis|Bengali]] girl. Sampoorna's parents, Sundaram and Devoleena, and her widowed aunt Sumati, decide to raise money for her dowry by marrying off Sumati's young daughter Bondita to an elderly man.

On Bondita's wedding day, Aniruddh discovers the planned [[child marriage]] and unsuccessfully tries to stop it. When the elderly groom dies midway through the wedding, his relatives declare Bondita a widow and demand she perform ''[[sati (practice)|sati]]''. In a desperate attempt to save her life, Aniruddh marries Bondita, and shocks his family by bringing her home as his wife.

Saudamini, with the assistance of Aniruddh's father Binoy, who wants Aniruddh to return to London and practice law there, plots to separate the newlyweds. On the other hand, Aniruddh's uncle Trilochan accepts Bondita, and becomes fond of her.

After a con man tricks Bondita into helping him, Aniruddh sends her back to her mother, where she is seen as bad luck, abused, and finally sold to a brothel in [[Kolkata]]. When Aniruddh finds out, he races to retrieve her, only to be beaten up by the guards and stabbed by the [[madam (prostitution)|madam]]. Saurabh rescues him, and the two return in disguise to rescue all of the girls in the brothel.

Meanwhile, Trilochan discovers Saudamini's plot, and she pushes him over, leading to his paralysis from head injuries. When Aniruddh also discovers the plot, Saudamini is expelled from the household. Bondita cures Trilochan's paralysis and is finally accepted by the whole family.

Some time later, Aniruddh, Binoy, and Trilochan visit Sir John Greenwood, the village chief, with various requests. Aniruddh wants permission to send Bondita to school, while Binoy and Trilochan want permission to build a factory and for the village farmers to stop growing [[Indigo revolt|indigo]]. There they encounter Saudamini, now married to Sir Greenwood and calling herself "Betty". Sir Greenwood, at Saudamini's urging, insults them, finally challenging Aniruddh to a competition. If Sir Greenwood loses, he will grant all their requests and resign from his position; if Aniruddh loses, he must become Greenwood's slave for the rest of his life. Aniruddh accepts the challenge and ultimately wins the competition.

Sir Greenwood leaves Tulsipur forever, rejecting Saudamini when she wants to accompany him. In revenge, she kidnaps Bondita and locks her in a [[chemical plant]]. When Saurabh dies rescuing her, Saudamini is arrested for [[murder]]. Saurabh's father, Premlal, blames Aniruddh for Saurabh's death, and tries to kill him, but Bondita exposes the plot and Premlal is also sent to prison. Devoleena and Sundaram contrive for the widowed Sampoorna to marry Binoy.

Soon after, Aniruddh meets a revolutionary named Manorama, who wants Aniruddh to pretend to marry her as part of a plot. Aniruddh, who is concerned that Bondita has been neglecting her studies to focus on being a good wife, agrees. Manorama fakes her death shortly afterward in a revolutionary operation making realise Bondita about the dreams of becoming lawyer.

Then, in support of the [[Child Marriage Restraint Act]], Aniruddh and Bondita nullify their marriage. When the angered villagers put a price on Bondita's head, Aniruddh sends her to a hostel in [[Siliguri]] for her safety. Sampoorna and Devoleena help a villager find and kidnap her, but Aniruddh is able to rescue her in time.

Bondita's great-aunt, Kalindi Das, arrives and takes Bondita to her village of [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishna Nagar]]. As a young woman, Kalindi had been engaged to Trilochan, but after she violated custom to care for him when he was sick, Trilochan refused to marry her. Kalindi, who has remained single for the rest of her life, carries a grudge against the Roy Choudharys, and attempts to take it out on Bondita and Aniruddh.

Kalindi arranges for Bondita to marry Chandrachur Banerjee, who is infatuated with her. A disguised Aniruddh rescues Bondita and sends her to London to fulfill her dream of becoming a barrister. Kalindi substitutes Bondita's cousin, Tupur, as the bride, and Chandrachur reluctantly accepts under pressure from his parents.

=== 8 years later ===
Bondita, now grown up, returns to Tulsipur as a barrister. Aniruddh refuses to see her because of her relation to Kalindi, whom the Roy Choudharys have sworn enmity against. Dismayed, Bondita travels to Krishna Nagar, where Tupur tells her that Kalindi had agreed to make peace with the Roy Choudharys until Aniruddh concealed a bomb among gifts to her.

Bondita refuses to believe this and returns to Tulsipur in disguise to find out the truth. There she encounters Binoy, now mentally disabled after the feuding people of Krishna Nagar poisoned and attacked them. When Bondita is blamed for an attack on the Roy Choudharys orchestrated by Chandrachur, Aniruddh fails to support her, and Bondita cuts him off. Aniruddh realizes he has fallen in love with Bondita and confesses his feelings to her; she forgives him, they convince their families to end the feud, and the couple remarry.

On the wedding night, Chandrachur, still obsessed with Bondita, plans to sexually assault her. When Bondita's cousin Tapur discovers his attentions, he assaults her instead. Aniruddh catches him and accidentally pushes him off a cliff; to preserve Tapur's dignity, he keeps the assault a secret, even when arrested for murdering Chandrachur.

Bondita, resolved to defend Aniruddh in court, investigates and discovers the truth of what happened. At her urging, Tapur agrees to testify in court, but is scared off by [[public prosecutor]] Subodh Chatterjee. Bondita discovers Chandrachur, still alive; at first he escapes before she can take him to court, but she tricks him into confessing to all his crimes, including poisoning Binoy and the bombing blamed on Aniruddh. Chandrachur is arrested, Bondita wins the case, Aniruddh is found innocent, and Aniruddh and Bondita finally consummate their marriage.

In Bondita's next case, she defends a pregnant widow against her in-laws. Her opponent is Aniruddh's youngest brother, Batuk, now an [[advocate]]. He was sent to Italy to avoid the feud between Tulsipur and Krishna Nagar, and blames Bondita for the separation from his family. When Bondita gives a speech encouraging widow remarriage, attendees revolt, and the widow's in-laws take the opportunity to drag her off. Bondita chases after them, but they throw her into a river; Aniruddh rescues her, but is lost himself, despite Batuk's attempts to save him.

Batuk, now angrier than ever, wants to kill Bondita; when he finds out she is pregnant, he decides to instead wait until the baby is born to seize it and throw her out of the house. With the help of an unwitting Trilochan, he disguises himself as Aniruddh, to Bondita's gradually increasing suspicion. Meanwhile, the real Aniruddh is being cared for by a stranger who found him paralyzed and unable to remember his address.

Six months later, Bondita, having won the pregnant widow's case, realises that the person living with her is actually Batuk. Before she can set out in search of the real Aniruddh, she goes into labor, and gives birth to twin girls. Batuk kidnaps the twins and takes them home to prepare to abscond to Italy with them, locking the door to keep out a desperate Bondita. Outside the door, Bondita begs him to return her babies, until Batuk drops a lighted match on her, intending to burn her alive.

Arriving in the nick of time, a recovered Aniruddh appears, saves Bondita, and breaks down the door. After Aniruddh throws out Batuk, Bondita and Aniruddh take their newborn twins before a statue of [[Durga]], vowing that their children will also become barristers and fight to overcome social evils.

==Cast==
=== Main ===
*[[Pravisht Mishra]] as
** [[Barrister]] Aniruddh Roy Choudhary: Shubhra and Binoy's eldest son; Somnath and Batuk's brother; Shashwati's half-brother; Bondita's husband; Durga and Devi's father (2020–2021)
** [[Advocate]] Batuk Roy Choudhary: Shubhra and Binoy's youngest son; Aniruddh and Somnath's brother; Shashwati's half-brother; Malika's ex-boyfriend (2021)
*** Meet Rohra / Vaidik Poriya / Daksh Rana as Child Batuk Roy Choudhary (2020–2021)
*[[Anchal Sahu]] as [[Barrister]] Bondita Anirudh Roy Choudhary: Sumati and Arvind's daughter; Sampoorna, Tupur and Tapur's cousin; Aniruddh's wife; Durga and Devi's mother (2021)
*** [[Aurra Bhatnagar Badoni]] as Child Bondita Das (2020–2021)

=== Recurring ===
*Rishi Khurana as Trilochan Roy Choudhary: [[Patriarchy|Patriarch]] of Roy Chowdhury family; Binoy's brother; Aniruddh, Somnath, Batuk and Shashwati's uncle; Kalindi's ex-fiancée (2020–2021)
*[[Chandan K Anand]] as Binoy Roy Choudhary: Trilochan's brother; Shubhra's widower; Sampoorna's second husband; Aniruddh, Somnath, Batuk and Shashwati's father; Durga and Devi's grandfather (2020–2021)
*Ansh Gupta as Dr. Somnath Roy Choudhary: Shubhra and Binoy's second son; Aniruddh and Batuk's brother; Shashwati's half-brother (2021)
**Viraj Kapoor / Param Mehta as Teenage Somnath Roy Choudhary (2020–2021)
*Pallavi Mukherjee as Sampoorna Jadhav Roy Choudhary: Devoleena and Sundaram's daughter; Bondita's cousin; Saurabh's widow; Binoy's second wife; Shashwati's mother (2020–2021)
*Arina Dey as Sumati Jadhav Das: Sundaram's sister; Arvind's widow; Bondita's mother; Durga and Devi's grandmother (2020–2021)
*[[Pranali Rathod]] as Saudamini "Mini/Betty" Bhaumik Greenwood: Shivanand's daughter; Aniruddh's ex-fiancée; John's wife (2020)
*Kundan Kumar as Bihari Babu: Malti's husband; househelp at Roy Chowdhury household (2020–2021)
*[[Sadiya Siddiqui]] as Kalindi Das (Thaku Maa): Trilochan's ex-fiancée; Arvind and Shaumik's aunt; Bondita, Tupur and Tapur's grandaunt (2021)
*Bhavya Sachdeva as Chandrachur Banerjee: Bondita's obsessive lover; Tupur's husband; Aniruddh's rival (2021)
*[[Jason Shah]] as Sir John Greenwood: Saudamini's husband (2020)
*Rohan Roy as Sundaram Jadhav: Sumati's brother; Devoleena's husband; Sampoorna's father; Shashwati's grandfather (2020–2021)
*[[Barsha Chatterjee]] as Devoleena Jadhav: Sundaram's wife; Sampoornaa's mother; Shashwati's grandmother (2020–2021)
*Dev Aaditya as Saurabh Munshi: Biraj and Premlal's son; Surmani's step-son; Sampoorna's first husband; Aniruddh's best friend (2020)
*Diksha Tiwari as Tupur Das Banerjee: Rimjhim and Shaumik's elder daughter; Tapur's sister; Bondita's cousin; Chandrachur's wife (2021)
**Geet Jain as Child Tupur Das Banerjee (2021)
*Ketaki Kulkarni / Saumya Shetye as Tapur Das: Rimjhim and Shaumik's younger daughter; Tupur's sister; Bondita's cousin (2021)
**Nabiya Ansari as Child Tapur Das (2021)
*Krisha Pandirkar as Shashwati Roy Choudhary: Sampoorna and Binoy's daughter; Aniruddh, Somnath and Batuk's half-sister; Durga and Devi's cousin/step-aunt (2021)
*Khushboo Kamal as Rimjhim Das: Shaumik's wife; Tupur and Tapur's mother (2021)
*Luv K Kwatra as Shaumik Das: Arvind's brother; Rimjhim's husband; Tupur and Tapur's father (2021)
*[[Ashish Kaul]] as Shivanand Bhaumik: Basuri's son; Binoy's friend; Saudamini's father (2020)
*Akshita Arora as Basuri Devi Bhaumik: Shivanand's mother; Saudamini's grandmother. (2020)<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-barrister-babus-akshita-arora-cintaa-gave-rs-2000-twice-in-two-months-but-how-does-one-survive-in-this-meager-amount/photostory/75845917.cms | title=Exclusive – Barrister Babu's Akshita Arora: CINTAA gave Rs 2000 twice in two months, but how does one survive in this meager amount? | newspaper=The Times of India }}</ref>
*Premchand Singh as Premlal Munshi: Surmani and Biraj's husband; Saurabh's father (2020)
*Madhushee Sharma as Surmani Munshi: Premlal's first wife; Saurabh's step-mother (2020)
*Hetal Yadav as Biraj Munshi: Premlal's second wife; Saurabh's mother (2020)
*Adish Vaidya as Brijwasi Babu: A fraud who pretends to be a huge devotee of [[Lord Krishna]] (2020)
*Kalyani Jha as Malti: Bihari's wife; househelp at Roy Chowdhury's house (2021)
*Naman Arora as Praveen: Chandrachur's friend (2021)
*[[Sayantani Ghosh]] as Rasiya Bai: Dancer at brothel (2020) (Dead)
*[[Alka Kaushal]] as Tara Bai: Brothel owner (2020)
*Ram Awana as Muchhad Babu: The man who sells Bondita to Tara Bai (2020)
*Prakriti Nautiyal as Ramaiya: Suraiya's twin-sister; dancer at brothel (2020)
*Pragya Nautiyal as Suraiya: Ramaiya's twin-sister; dancer at brothel (2020)
*Disha Tewani as Shubhra Roy Choudhary: Binoy's first wife; Aniruddh, Somnath and Batuk's mother; Durga and Devi's grandmother (2020)
*Chahat Tewani as Fake Shubhra Roy Choudhary: An [[orphan]]; Premlal's aide (2020)
*Rachana Mistry as Manorama: A revolutionary; Aniruddh's fake wife (2021)
*Simmi Ghoshal as Laboni Banerjee: Chandrachur's cousin (2021)
*[[Chetan Pandit]] as Public Prosecutor Subodh Chatterjee (2021)
*Sejal Banodha as Mallika: Batuk's ex-girlfriend (2021)

==Production==
===Broadcast===
The production and airing of the show were halted indefinitely since 19 March 2020, due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=12 May 2020|title=Television Industry in a Slump With the Lockdown|url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/tv/television-industry-experiencing-slowdown-with-the-lockdown|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612101235/https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/tv/television-industry-experiencing-slowdown-with-the-lockdown|archive-date=12 June 2020|access-date=|website=[[The Quint]]}}</ref> The filming was expected to resume on 1 April 2020 but could not and the series was last broadcast on 31 March 2020 when the remaining episodes were aired.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=15 March 2020|title=Coronavirus outbreak: Film and television shootings to stop till March 31|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/coronavirus-outbreak-film-and-television-shootings-to-stop-till-march-31-1655773-2020-03-15|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609125115/https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/coronavirus-outbreak-film-and-television-shootings-to-stop-till-march-31-1655773-2020-03-15|archive-date=2020-06-09|access-date=|website=India Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=COVID-19 impact: TV industry braces for loss as production stalled|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/covid-19-impact-tv-industry-braces-for-loss-as-production-stalled-11584938268645.html|last=|first=|date=23 March 2020|website=Live Mint|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612101236/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/covid-19-impact-tv-industry-braces-for-loss-as-production-stalled-11584938268645.html|archive-date=12 June 2020|access-date=}}</ref> The episodes resumed on 6 July 2020. On 22 June 2021, [[Colors TV]] unveiled a teaser to introduce the new actress, [[Anchal Sahu]] as grown-up Bondita, and the eight-year leap after Anirudh and Bondita's separation.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Anchal Sahu to play the role of grown-up Bondita in Colors' show Barrister Babu|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/add-to-lead-273495|url-status=live|access-date=|website=The Tribune|language=en|archive-date=2021-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105151110/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/add-to-lead-273496}}</ref>

The show had integrated episodes with [[Namak Issk Ka]] in 2021.

Barrister Babu was dubbed in Tamil as Bommi B.A, B.L premiered on 3 May 2021.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/bommi-b-a-b-l-dubbed-hindi-tv-show-barrister-babu-to-entertain-tamil-audience/articleshow/82369282.cms Bommi B.A, B.L.: Dubbed Hindi TV show Barrister Babu to entertain Tamil audience - The Times of India]</ref> It has also been dubbed in Bengali and aired from September 2020.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/hindi-tv-show-barrister-babu-to-be-dubbed-in-bengali/articleshow/77904844.cms Hindi TV show Barrister Babu to be dubbed in Bengali - The Times of India]</ref>
The show went off-air on 12 November 2021 with [[Balika Vadhu 2]] replacing it from 15 November 2021.

===Soundtrack===
The original soundtrack was composed by Shreya Phukan and Mukund Suryavansh, namely, ''Rishta Tera Mera'' (The Relation between You and Me).{{cn|date=September 2025}} The themes of respective characters were composed by Ashish Rego.

{{Track listing
| title1 = Handiya se Rasgulle Khaye
| length1 =
| title2 = Aaja Tujhko Mitti Puckare
| length2 =
| title3 = Lad liya tere liye sabse
| length3 =
| title4 = Rasmon ka shor bada hai
| length4 =
| title5 = Door hai par tera saya hai - 1
| length5 =
| title6 = Rasmon ka mela yahan hai
| length6 =
| title7 = Pyar choot raha hai mera
| length7 =
| title8 = Door har par tera saya hai - 2
| length8 =
| title9 = Tughe me Roshan hoga suraj
| length9 =
| title10 = Kyun bharosa mera toda
| length10 =
| title11 = Jhoot bolun jeeb sulge
| length11 =
| title12 = Jhoot tera uljha dhaga
| length12 =
| title13 = Kuch khafa hu kuch dukhi hoon
| length13 =
| headline = Original Songs
| title14 = Tark se hai fark padta
| title15 = Mene kaha tha saath rahunga
| title16 = Dhoop jeevan tujhko dhoonde
| title17 = Main ladhoonga tere khatir
| title18 = Rooh meri kaanpti hai
| title19 = dur tak hai ek udasi
| title20 = Main vo murat hoon
| title21 = Mera dil tu pyar mera hai tu
| title22 = Aaja Tujhko Mitti Puckare (slow version)
}}

===Casting===
In January 2020, Rishi Khurana joined the cast.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/rishi-khurana-joins-the-cast-of-barrister-babu-calls-his-character-typical-saas-of-tv/articleshow/73138898.cms|title=Rishi Khurana joins the cast of 'Barrister Babu', calls his character "typical saas of TV"|work=The Times of India|date=7 January 2020 }}</ref> In June 2020, it was rumoured that [[Devoleena Bhattacharjee]] is set to replace Aurra Bhatnagar as grown up Bondita, which was denied by the production house.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/devoleena-bhattacharjee-wont-play-the-grown-up-bondita-on-barrister-babu-aurra-bhatnagar-to-continue-on-the-show-confirms-producer/articleshow/76183672.cms|title=Devoleena Bhattacharjee won't play the grown-up Bondita on 'Barrister Babu', Aurra Bhatnagar to continue on the show, continue on the show, confirms producer|work=The Times of India|date=3 June 2020 }}</ref> Twins Prakriti and Pragya Nautiyal played two brothel workers, Ramaiya and Suraiya.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/prakriti-nautiyal-why-cant-twins-be-cast-in-lead-roles/articleshow/78958310.cms|work=The Times of India|title=Prakriti Nautiyal: Why can't twins be cast in lead roles?|date=31 October 2020 }}</ref> In December 2020, child actor Chahat Tewani entered the show as a pretend reincarnation of Anirudh's mother, Shubhra.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/child-actor-chahat-tewani-to-enter-barrister-babu/articleshow/79915385.cms|title=Child actor Chahat Tewani to enter Barrister Babu|work=The Times of India|date=23 December 2020 }}</ref> In May 2021, [[Sadiya Siddiqui]] to entered the show as Bondita's Thakuma.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/sadiya-siddiqui-to-enter-barrister-babu-as-thakuma/articleshow/82457336.cms|title=Sadiya Siddiqui to enter Barrister Babu as Thakuma|work=The Times of India|date=7 May 2021 }}</ref> In May 2021, Khushboo Kamal joined the show as Rimjhim<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/khushboo-kamal-on-entering-barrister-babu-i-am-glad-to-be-working-during-these-difficult-times/articleshow/83062900.cms|title=Khushboo Kamal on entering Barrister Babu: I am glad to be working during these difficult times|work=The Times of India|date=29 May 2021 }}</ref> but quit the show in June 2021 post leap stating that she wasn't comfortable playing the mother of a twenty year old. Her character was shown to have died in the show.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-i-didnt-want-to-play-mother-to-a-20-year-old-in-barrister-babu-so-i-decided-to-quit-says-khushboo-kamal/articleshow/83661735.cms|title=Exclusive! I didn't want to play mother to a 20-year-old in Barrister Babu, so I decided to quit says Khushboo Kamal|work=The Times of India|date=19 June 2021 }}</ref> In June 2021, [[Kanika Mann]] was almost finalised to play elder Bondita but she backed out of the show.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-kanika-mann-reveals-why-she-is-no-longer-playing-the-grown-up-bondita-in-barrister-babu/articleshow/83425320.cms|work=The Times of India|title=Exclusive! Kanika Mann reveals why she is no longer playing the grown-up Bondita in Barrister Babu |date=11 June 2021 }}</ref> In June 2021, Bhavya Sachdeva to entered the show as Chandrachur.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bhavya-sachdeva-enjoys-shooting-with-child-artiste-aurra-bhatnagar/articleshow/83870886.cms|work=The Times of India|title=Bhavya Sachdeva enjoys shooting with child artiste Aurra Bhatnagar |date=26 June 2021 }}</ref> In June 2021, [[Anchal Sahu]] was confirmed to be playing elder Bondita post leap.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/i-am-ready-for-the-online-trolls-and-comparisons-anchal-sahu-on-playing-grown-up-bondita-in-barrister-babu/articleshow/83662227.cms|title=I am ready for online trolls and comparisons: Anchal Sahu on playing grown-up Bondita in Barrister Babu|work=The Times of India|date=19 June 2021 }}</ref> In September 2021, Guneet Sharma played Angad.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/guneet-sharma-to-enter-barrister-babu-talks-about-his-role-in-the-show/articleshow/86037316.cms|work=The Times of India|title=Guneet Sharma to enter Barrister Babu; talks about his role in the show |date=8 September 2021 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|id=11591580}}
{{Shashi Sumeet Productions}}

[[Category:2020 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]
[[Category:Indian drama television series]]
[[Category:Indian television soap operas]]
[[Category:Colors TV original programming]]
[[Category:Shashi Sumeet Productions series]]
[[Category:Television episodes about child marriage]]

Lockdown (2021 Bengali film)

2026-03-04T00:16:30Z

User3465346: New initial bio nd citations.

{{Short description|2021 Bengali film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Lockdown
| image = Lockdown film.jpg
| caption = Lockdown Movie Poster
| director = Abhimanyu Mukherjee
| producer =
| starring = * [[Soham Chakraborty]]
* [[Srabanti Chatterjee]]
* [[Adrit Roy]]
* [[Om Prakash Sahani]]
* Rajnandini Pal
* [[Manali Dey|Manali Manisha Dey]]
| studio = Artage & Pandemonium Productions
| distributor = Artage & Pandemonium Productions
| released = {{Film date|2021|09|10|df=yes}}
}}
'''''Lockdown''''' is a [[Bengali language|Bengali]] [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] directed by Abhimanyu Mukherjee.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lockdown (2021) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/lockdown-47299|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920045127/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/lockdown-47299|url-status=live|archive-date=20 September 2021|access-date=2021-12-07|website=Cinestaan}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Lockdown Movie: Showtimes, Review, Trailer, Posters, News & Videos {{!}} eTimes|newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movie-details/lockdown/movieshow/86067037.cms|access-date=2021-12-07}}</ref> This film was released on 10 September 2021 under the banner of Artage and Pandemonium Productions.<ref>{{Cite news|title='Lockdown'|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/previews/lockdown/articleshow/86090472.cms|access-date=2022-01-01|newspaper=The Times of India|language=en|date=10 September 2021}}</ref>

==Plot==
The movie revolves around the lives of three different types of couple and their mental trauma in lockdown during the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India|COVID-19 pandemic]] situation. The plot is on how they face personal and social crises.<ref>{{Cite news|title='Lockdown': three-track story on lives in the pandemic|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/lifestyle/lockdown-three-track-story-on-lives-of-few-people-in-the-pandemic/cid/1829913|access-date=2022-01-01|newspaper=The Telegraph|location=India|first=Arindam|last=Chatterjee|date=9 September 2021}}</ref>

==Cast==
* [[Soham Chakraborty]]<ref name="c">{{cite news |last1=বিশ্বাস |first1=বিহঙ্গী |title='লকডাউন'-এ একসঙ্গে সোহম-শ্রাবন্তী, থাকছেন মানালি-সহ অনেকেই |url=https://tv9bangla.com/entertainment/srabanti-chatterjee-and-soham-chakraborty-to-act-in-a-new-film-directed-by-abhimanyu-mukherjee-351265.html |work=TV9 Bangla |date=15 April 2021 |language=bn}}</ref>
* [[Srabanti Chatterjee]] as Madhubala<ref name="b">{{cite news |last1=Nag |first1=Niranjana |title=অন‍্যরা রাগ করলে করুক, শ্রাবন্তীই সেরা সহ অভিনেত্রী, প্রশংসায় পঞ্চমুখ আদৃত |url=https://banglahunt.com/adrit-roy-said-srabanti-is-his-best-costar-till-date/ |work=Bangla Hunt |date=14 September 2021|language=bn}}</ref>
**Ananya Guha as teenage Madhubala
* [[Adrit Roy]] as Raj<ref name="b"/>
* [[Om Prakash Sahani]]<ref name="a">{{cite news |last1=Bose |first1=Priyanka |title='লকডাউন'-এ অন্তঃসত্ত্বা মানালি! আগলে রাখছেন ওম |url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/manali-manisha-dey-feature-as-a-pregnant-woman-for-her-upcoming-film-lockdown-31630761904219.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210904164440/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/manali-manisha-dey-feature-as-a-pregnant-woman-for-her-upcoming-film-lockdown-31630761904219.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 September 2021 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] Bangla |date=4 September 2021 |language=bn}}</ref>
* Rajnandini Pal as Pollabi Bannerjee<ref name="c"/>
* [[Manali Dey|Manali Manisha Dey]]<ref name="a"/>
* Bhavna Banerjee as Jhuma

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|15353948}}

[[Category:2021 films]]
[[Category:Bengali-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:2021 Bengali-language films]]
[[Category:Indian films about the COVID-19 pandemic]]
[[Category:Bengali-language drama films]]

Hifazat (1973 film)

2026-03-03T23:39:36Z

User3465346: refined layout per sources

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Hifazat
| image =

| caption =
| director = [[K. S. R. Das]]
| producer =
| writer =
| narrator =
| starring = [[Vinod Mehra]] [[Asha Sachdev]]
| music = [[R. D. Burman]]
| cinematography =
| editing =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|1973}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Hifazat''''' is a 1973 Indian Hindi-language [[drama film]] directed by [[K. S. R. Das]]. The film stars [[Ashok Kumar]], [[Vinod Mehra]], [[Asha Sachdev]], [[Narendra Nath]] and [[Lalita Pawar]]. The film was not a commercial success but songs are classics even today.

==Cast==
*[[Vinod Mehra]] as Kishore
*[[Asha Sachdev]] as Asha
*[[Ashok Kumar]] as Judge Ram Prasad – Asha's foster father (special appearance)
*[[Madan Puri]] as saw mill owner (special appearance)
*[[Ranjeet]] as Ranjeet – Kishore's friend (special appearance)
*[[Kanhaiyalal (actor)|Kanhaiyalal]] as Kishore's father
*[[Iftekhar]] as Lala Jamnadas – Asha's real father (special appearance)
*[[Lalita Pawar]] as Sewak Singh's mother
*[[Narendra Nath]] as Sewak Singh
*[[Jyothi Lakshmi]] as Dancer

==Soundtrack==
All songs are written by [[Majrooh Sultanpuri]] and music by [[R. D. Burman]].
{|class="wikitable"
! Song
! Singer
|-
| "Jaan-E-Jahan Rootha Na Karo"
| [[Kishore Kumar]]
|-
| "Mere Hamrahi, Mere Pyar"
| [[Asha Bhosle]]
|-
| "Aiya Habbi, Aiya Habbi"
| Asha Bhosle
|-
| "Yeh Mastani Dagar"
| Asha Bhosle
|-
|}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=0357742|title=Hifazat}}

{{K. S. R. Das}}

[[Category:1973 films]]
[[Category:1973 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1973 Indian films]]
[[Category:1973 drama films]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. S. R. Das]]
[[Category:Films scored by R. D. Burman]]

{{1970s-Hindi-film-stub}}
{{1970s-drama-film-stub}}

Deepam (film)

2026-03-03T20:57:03Z

User3465346: expanded layout additionally and fixed typos

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Deepam
| image =
| caption =
| director = [[P. Chandrakumar]]
| producer = Renji Mathew
| writer = Joseph Madappally
| screenplay = Joseph Madappally
| starring = [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]] [[Jayan]] [[Srividya]] [[Seema (actress)|Seema]]
| music = [[Shyam (composer)|Shyam]]
| cinematography = N. Vijayakumar
| editing = G. Venkittaraman
| studio = Praveen Pictures
| distributor = Praveen Pictures
| released = {{Film date|1980|11|14|df=y}}
| country = India
| language = [[Malayalam]]
}}

'''''Deepam''''' ({{translation|Light}}) is a 1980 [[Cinema of India|Indian]] [[Malayalam]] film, directed by [[P. Chandrakumar]] and produced by Renji Mathew. The film stars [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]], [[Jayan]], [[Srividya]] and [[Seema (actress)|Seema]] in the lead roles. The film has musical score by [[Shyam (composer)|Shyam]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=1144|title=Deepam|accessdate=2014-10-11|publisher=malayalachalachithram.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://malayalasangeetham.info/s.php?6585 |title=Deepam |accessdate=2014-10-11 |publisher=malayalasangeetham.info |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016073646/http://malayalasangeetham.info/s.php?6585 |archivedate=16 October 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://spicyonion.com/title/deepam-malayalam-movie/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016032229/http://spicyonion.com/title/deepam-malayalam-movie/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=16 October 2014|title=Deepam|accessdate=2014-10-11|publisher=spicyonion.com}}</ref> The film was a remake of the Hindi film ''[[Main Tulsi Tere Aangan Ki]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://oldmalayalam.blogspot.com/2010/12/remakes-from-hindi.html|title = Old is Gold: Remakes from Hindi|date = 15 December 2010}}</ref>

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
*[[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]] as Mr. Varma
*[[Jayan]] as Ajaykumar
*[[Srividya]] as Padmini
*[[Seema (actress)|Seema]] as Thulasi
*[[Sukumari]] as Varma's Mother
*[[Praveena Bhagyaraj|Praveena]] as Geetha
*[[Sathaar]] as Prathap
*Baby Sangeetha
*[[Mala Aravindan]] as Subrahmanyam
*Master Naveen
*Priya as Mini
*[[T. P. Madhavan]] as Geetha's Father
*[[Vanchiyoor Radha]] as Bhargavi
*[[Vallathol Unnikrishnan]]
*Radhadevi
* sathyachithra
{{colend}}

==Soundtrack==
The music was composed by [[Shyam (composer)|Shyam]] and the lyrics were written by [[Sathyan Anthikkad]].

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length (m:ss)
|-
| 1 || "Doore Pranaya Kavitha" || [[P. Jayachandran]] || [[Sathyan Anthikkad]] ||
|-
| 2 || "Ee Raagadeepam" || [[Vani Jairam]] || Sathyan Anthikkad ||
|-
| 3 || "Ee Raagadeepam" || [[P. Susheela]] || Sathyan Anthikkad ||
|-
| 4 || "Hey Nin Hridanthamo" || [[Ambili (singer)|Ambili]] || Sathyan Anthikkad ||
|-
| 5 || "Pavizhavum Muthum" || Vani Jairam || Sathyan Anthikkad ||
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0331985|Deepam}}

[[Category:1980 films]]
[[Category:1980 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Malayalam remakes of Hindi films]]
[[Category:Films directed by P. Chandrakumar]]

{{1980s-Malayalam-film-stub}}

The Family Star

2026-03-03T09:13:46Z

User3465346: put up initial article v1

{{Short description|2024 Indian film by Parasuram}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = The Family Star
| image = Family Star Poster.png
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Parasuram (director)|Parasuram]]
| writer = Parasuram
| producer = {{ubl|[[Dil Raju]] | Sirish}}
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Vijay Deverakonda]]
* [[Mrunal Thakur]]
}}
| cinematography = [[K. U. Mohanan]]
| editing = [[Marthand K. Venkatesh]]
| music = [[Gopi Sundar]]
| studio = [[Sri Venkateswara Creations]]
| released = {{film date|df=y|2024|04|05|ref1=<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2024 |title=Vijay Deverakonda and Mrunal Thakur-starrer Family Star gets release date |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/vijay-deverakonda-and-mrunal-thakur-starrer-family-star-gets-release-date-9141263/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307190006/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/vijay-deverakonda-and-mrunal-thakur-starrer-family-star-gets-release-date-9141263/ |archive-date=7 March 2024 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=[[Indian Express]]}}</ref>}}
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| runtime = 157 minutes<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 April 2024 |title=CBFC changes run-time, certification of Vijay Deverakonda and Mrunal Thakur's Family Star |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/cbfc-changes-run-time-certification-of-vijay-deverakonda-and-mrunal-thakur-s-family-star-101712239930599.html |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
| budget = {{INR|50 crores}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Prakash |first=BVS |date=7 April 2024 |title=Vijay Devarakonda's Family Star touches a budget of 50 cr? |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/vijay-devarakonda-family-star-budget-touches-rs-50-cr-884451 |access-date=7 April 2024 |work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref>
| gross = {{estimation}}{{INR|34.78 crore}}{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}}
}}
'''''The Family Star''''' is a 2024 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[romance film|romantic]] [[action film|action]] [[drama film]] written and directed by [[Parasuram (director)|Parasuram]], and produced by [[Dil Raju]] and Sirish under [[Sri Venkateswara Creations]]. The film features [[Vijay Deverakonda]] and [[Mrunal Thakur]] in lead roles.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CBFC | Search Film |url=https://www.cbfcindia.gov.in/cbfcAdmin/search-result.php?recid=Q0EwNzIxMDMyMDI0MDAwNDM= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403054651/https://www.cbfcindia.gov.in/cbfcAdmin/search-result.php?recid=Q0EwNzIxMDMyMDI0MDAwNDM= |archive-date=3 April 2024 |access-date=5 April 2024 |website=[[Central Board of Film Certification|CBFC]]}}</ref>

The film was officially announced in February 2023 under the tentative title ''VD13'' and the official title was announced in October 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cherukuri |first=Abhilasha |date=2023-10-18 |title=VD 13 is now titled Family Star |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2023/Oct/18/vd-13-is-now-titled-family-star-48744.html |access-date=2025-08-31 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> [[Principal photography]] commenced in July 2023. It was shot sporadically in several legs, with filming locations including [[Hyderabad]] and [[New York City|New York]]. The film has music composed by [[Gopi Sundar]].

''Family Star'' was initially scheduled to release on [[Makar Sankranti|Sankranthi]] 2024, but it was postponed as filming was delayed due to visa issues and not going to be completed in time <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 November 2023 |title=విదేశాలకు ఫ్యామిలీస్టార్‌ |url=https://www.sakshi.com/telugu-news/movies/vijay-devarakonda-and-mrunal-thakur-family-star-drop-out-sankranti-race-1862096 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327081147/https://www.sakshi.com/telugu-news/movies/vijay-devarakonda-and-mrunal-thakur-family-star-drop-out-sankranti-race-1862096 |archive-date=27 March 2024 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=[[Sakshi (newspaper)|Sakshi]] |language=te}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Vijay Devarakonda-starrer Family Star's Release Date Postponed: Report |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/vijay-devarakonda-starrer-family-stars-release-date-postponed-report-8663066.html |access-date=2025-08-31 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> ''The Family Star'' received mixed-to-negative reviews from critics. While Parasuram’s writing, plot, and direction were criticized, the lead cast’s performances and the soundtrack were mostly praised or at least considered adequate, and the comedy received mixed reviews. The film was a failure at the box office grossing {{INR}}34.78 crore worldwide against a budget of {{INR}}50 crore.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Prakash |first=B. V. S. |date=2024-03-07 |title=Vijay Devarakonda Family Star budget touches Rs 50 cr? |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/vijay-devarakonda-family-star-budget-touches-rs-50-cr-884451 |access-date=2025-08-31 |website=www.deccanchronicle.com |language=en}}</ref>

==Plot==
'''Present:''' A woman named Indu sadly sits in the middle of a ceremony. When she is questioned about her unusual behavior, she tells her past.

''' Past:''' Govardhan is a family man. As a selfless character, he works in a business to provide for his family. He also faces trouble with his drunkard brother. However, he meets Indu when she moves into his "space", which is a room upstairs that Govardhan used. That too, Indu and his family quickly become friends. Soon, they both fall in love. After a big incident, he reconciles with his brother after his mother reveals to Indu that his brother hated him because of Govardhan shaming him. However, when he finds her thesis on his family and him for a college project, he slaps her and vows to teach her a lesson. He goes to Keshu, a previous job offeror, requests to join the company, and asks for a big advance. He uses that advance to defy whatever Indu has written in her thesis. However, it is revealed that Indu is Keshu's daughter. Though annoyed, he continues in the company but demands everything Indu gets. After learning that his flight tickets were not paid for, he resorts to Indu, who provides money for his family. After falling in love again, she hears him talking to a lady negatively about Indu, saying that she is not the right person for him. Heartbroken, Indu isolates herself from him. After revealing that she heard him that day, she leaves him.

'''Present:''' Govardhan finds out Indu's true intentions of writing the thesis from her father and proceeds to stop her from a wedding, held for one person who got injured due to Govardhan and (according to the person's grandfather, a famous politician) would be the only thing to make him feel better. It is revealed that Indu is at that wedding. Govardhan defeats the politician's goons along with his grandmother, wins back Indu, and marries her at the end.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Vijay Deverakonda]] as Govardhan
* [[Mrunal Thakur]] as Indu Dhanaraj, [[CEO]] of Indu Infra Company
* [[Jagapathi Babu]] as Keshu Dhanraj, Indu's father and head of Indu Infra Company
* [[Divyansha Kaushik]] as Govardhan's colleague (cameo appearance)
* [[Vennela Kishore]] as Samarth, Indu's assistant
* [[Ravi Prakash]] as Govardhan's elder brother
* Raja Chembolu as Govardhan's elder brother
* [[Vasuki Anand]] as Manju, Govardhan's sister-in-law
* [[Abhinaya (actress)|Abhinaya]] as Govardhan's sister-in-law
* [[Rohini Hattangadi]] as Govardhan's grandmother
* [[Ravi Babu]] as Loan Shark
* [[VTV Ganesh]] as Ramesh, [[Human Resources|HR]] of Indu Infra Company
* [[Prabhas Sreenu]] as Govardhan's friend
* [[Achyuth Kumar]] as Politician
* [[Ajay Ghosh]] as a rowdy
* [[Kalyani Natarajan]] as Wedding Auntie
* Jabardasth Ramprasad as Petrol Bunk Guy
* Nanajee Karri as Delivery Boy
* Kishore Vasistha as Office Staff
}}

== Production ==

=== Development ===
On 6 February 2023, [[Vijay Deverakonda]], who had a successful collaboration with director [[Parasuram (director)|Parasuram]] after ''[[Geetha Govindam]]'' (2018), was announced to join hands with the latter for his directorial venture after ''[[Sarkaru Vaari Paata]]'' (2022). [[Sri Venkateswara Creations]], headed jointly by [[Dil Raju]] and Sirish, would reportedly produce the venture.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 February 2023 |title=We are getting back together: Vijay Deverakonda |url=https://telanganatoday.com/we-are-getting-back-together-vijay-deverakonda |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405200851/https://telanganatoday.com/we-are-getting-back-together-vijay-deverakonda |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=[[Telangana Today]]}}</ref> The company made a public announcement on 14 June, confirming the project. [[Tentatively titled]] ''VD13'', a [[Muhurat shot|muhurat]] puja was held on that week with the presence of the film's cast and crew. The presence of Devarakonda and actress [[Mrunal Thakur]] revealed their inclusion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2023 |title=Mrunal Thakur, Vijay Deverakonda launch their Telugu film VD13; share glimpse from puja: 'Can't wait for shoot to begin' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/mrunal-thakur-vijay-deverakonda-telugu-film-vd13-101686735192136.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825140456/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/mrunal-thakur-vijay-deverakonda-telugu-film-vd13-101686735192136.html |archive-date=25 August 2023 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> Shortly after the beginning of the principal photography, [[Divyansha Kaushik]] was announced to play as a second lead actress.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2023 |title=హ్యాట్రిక్ ప్లాపుల్లో ఉన్న హీరోయిన్‌కు ఛాన్స్ ఇచ్చిన విజయ్ దేవరకొండ! |url=https://telugu.abplive.com/entertainment/cinema/vijay-devarakonda-13th-movie-divyansha-kaushik-to-romance-rowdy-boy-in-parasuram-direction-105441 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405201212/https://telugu.abplive.com/entertainment/cinema/vijay-devarakonda-13th-movie-divyansha-kaushik-to-romance-rowdy-boy-in-parasuram-direction-105441 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=[[ABP Group|A. B. P. Desam]] |language=te}}</ref> The official title, ''The Family Star'', was speculated in June 2023 and was announced in October 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 June 2023 |title=Vijay Deverakonda: విజయ్‌ దేవరకొండ 'ఫ్యామిలీ స్టార్‌'? |url=https://www.eenadu.net/telugu-news/movies/gossip-on-vijay-devarakonda-new-movie-title/0205/123106745 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405200529/https://www.eenadu.net/telugu-news/movies/gossip-on-vijay-devarakonda-new-movie-title/0205/123106745 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=[[Eenadu]] |language=te}}</ref>

=== Filming ===
[[Principal photography]] began with the first schedule on 15 July 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2023 |title=VD 13 goes on floors |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2023/Jul/16/vd-13-goes-on-floors-45681.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405201945/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2023/Jul/16/vd-13-goes-on-floors-45681.html |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=[[The New Indian Express|Cinema Express]]}}</ref> The first schedule was held in [[Hyderabad]], where they also celebrated Thakur's birthday on 2 August.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 August 2023 |title=VD13: సెట్స్‌లో మృణాల్‌ని సర్‌ప్రైజ్ చేసిన విజయ్ దేవరకొండ | VD13 Team Celebrates Heroine Mrunal Thakur Birthday on the sets KBK |url=https://www.chitrajyothy.com/2023/cinema-news/vd13-team-celebrates-heroine-mrunal-thakur-birthday-on-the-sets-kbk-46498.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804074101/https://www.chitrajyothy.com/2023/cinema-news/vd13-team-celebrates-heroine-mrunal-thakur-birthday-on-the-sets-kbk-46498.html |archive-date=4 August 2023 |access-date=5 April 2024 |website=[[Andhra Jyothi|Chitrajyothy]]}}</ref> In late December, the third schedule began in [[New York (state)|New York]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 December 2023 |title=NTV Film Roundup: పబ్బులో మహేష్, శ్రీ లీల.. యాడ్ ఫిలిం షూట్ లో పుష్ప రాజ్? |url=https://ntvtelugu.com/movie-news/ntv-film-roundup-telugu-movie-shooting-updates-11th-december-2023-500899.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405201338/https://ntvtelugu.com/movie-news/ntv-film-roundup-telugu-movie-shooting-updates-11th-december-2023-500899.html |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=5 April 2024 |website=[[NTV (India)|NTV Telugu]] |language=te}}</ref>

== Music ==
{{Infobox album
| name = The Family Star
| type = soundtrack
| artist = [[Gopi Sundar]]
| released = {{Start date|df=yes|2024|04|05}}
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = {{Duration|m=22|s=12}}
| language = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| label = [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]
| prev_title = Kadakan
| prev_year = 2024
| next_title = [[Aa Okkati Adakku (2024 film)|Aa Okkati Adakku]]
| next_year = 2024
| chronology = Gopi Sundar
}}
The music and background score is composed by [[Gopi Sundar]], in his third collaboration with Vijay after ''[[Geetha Govindam]]'' (2018) and ''[[World Famous Lover]]'' (2020); second with Parasuram after ''Geetha Govindam''. The first single "Nandanandana" was released on 8 February 2024.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} This was followed by "Kalyani Vaccha Vacchaa," which was released on 12 March 2024.<ref name="K">{{Cite news |last=Chitrajyothy |author-link=Andhra Jyothi |date=12 March 2024 |title='కళ్యాణి వచ్చా వచ్చా'.. ఫ్యామిలీ స్టార్ రెండో పాటొచ్చింది |url=https://www.chitrajyothy.com/2024/cinema-news/kalyani-vaccha-vacchaa-lyrical-song-out-from-vijay-deverakonda-family-star-ktr-51752.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312141330/https://www.chitrajyothy.com/2024/cinema-news/kalyani-vaccha-vacchaa-lyrical-song-out-from-vijay-deverakonda-family-star-ktr-51752.html |archive-date=12 March 2024 |access-date=12 March 2024 |language=te}}</ref> The third single "Madhuramu Kadha" was unveiled on 25 March 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 March 2024 |title='Madhuramu Kadha' song from Family Star out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2024/Mar/25/madhuramu-kadha-song-from-family-star-out |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405095951/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2024/Mar/25/madhuramu-kadha-song-from-family-star-out |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline =
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Nandanandana
| length1 = 4:59
| lyrics1 = [[Anantha Sriram]]
| extra1 = [[Sid Sriram]]
| title2 = Kalyani Vaccha Vacchaa
| length2 = 3:21
| lyrics2 = Anantha Sriram
| extra2 = [[Mangli]], [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]]
| title3 = Madhuramu Kadha
| lyrics3 = [[Sri Mani]]
| extra3 = [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
| length3 = 4:09
| title4 = Dekho Re Dekho
| lyrics4 = Anantha Sriram
| extra4 = [[Hemachandra (singer)|Hemachandra]]
| length4 = 3:18
| title5 = Don't Judge Me
| lyrics5 = MaaHaa
| extra5 = MaaHaa
| total_length = 22:12
| length5 = 6:25
}}

== Release ==

=== Theatrical ===

=== Home media ===
The digital streaming rights of the film were acquired by [[Amazon Prime Video]] and premiered 26 April 2024 in Telugu, Malayalam and [[Tamil language|Tamil]] languages.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 March 2024 |title=Prime Buys Several Big Telugu Film OTT Rights – List |url=https://www.m9.news/what-to-watch-on-ott/prime-video-buys-several-big-telugu-film-ott-rights-list/ |website=M9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=26 April 2024 |title=The Family Star Set for OTT Streaming |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/ott/he-family-star-now-streaming-on-prime-video-891053 |website=Deccan Chronicle |language=en}}</ref>

== Critical reception ==
''The Family Star'' received mixed-to-negative reviews from critics. While Parasuram’s writing, plot, and direction were criticized, the lead cast’s performances and the soundtrack were mostly praised or at least considered adequate, and the comedy received mixed reviews. {{Rotten Tomatoes prose|score=0|count=7|average=4|ref=yes}} A critic from ''[[News18]]'' rated the film 3.5/5 stars and wrote "Vijay Deverakonda, Mrunal Thakur Shine in Perfect Family Entertainer. Vijay Deverakonda and Mrunal Thakur's solid on-screen chemistry receives much love and appreciation from the audience" .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=5 April 2024 |title=Family Star FIRST Review Out: Vijay Deverakonda, Mrunal Thakur Shine in Perfect Family Entertainer |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/family-star-first-review-out-vijay-deverakonda-mrunal-thakur-shine-in-perfect-family-entertainer-8840301.html |website=News18}}</ref> Suhasini Srihari from [[Deccan Chronicle]] gave it 3/5 stars and praised the acting in the film "All the actors manage to deliver their best. Mrunal’s performance is subtle and convincing while Deverakonda is over the top sometimes", while describing the film this way "This film is meant for a niche audience who enjoy hearty family dramas. It is formulaic and the execution is weak. Despite its flaws, Family Star is watchable if you like the genre of family entertainers."<ref>{{Cite web |title='Family Star' movie review: Formulaic family drama on betrayal |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/family-star-movie-review-formulaic-family-drama-on-betrayal-2967689 |access-date=2025-08-31 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> T.A. Kiran Kumar of {{lang|te|Zee News Telugu}} rated the film 2.75/5, describing it as a moderately impressive family star. He praised Vijay Deverakonda and Mrunal Thakur’s performances, the first half, and the production values, while noting that the second half lagged and some emotional scenes were less effective.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kiran Kumar |first=TA |date=5 April 2024 |title=The Family Star Review |url=https://zeenews.india.com/telugu/entertainment/the-family-star-movie-review-and-rating-public-talk-vijay-devarakonda-got-success-ta-131640 |access-date=31 August 2025 |website=Zee News Telugu |language=te}}</ref>

Paul Nicodemus from ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the film 2.5/5 stars and wrote that "''Family Star'', despite its promising setup and strong performances, ultimately falters due to its unengaging screenplay and lack of emotional depth in key relationships", while also saying that Vijay and Mrunal shone in the film.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |title=Family Star Movie Review : Vijay Deverakonda & Mrunal Thakur shine amidst a fading narrative |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/family-star/movie-review/109063037.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405190511/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/family-star/movie-review/109063037.cms |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=5 April 2024 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Avad Mohammad from ''[[HT Media|OTTplay]]'' rated the film 2.5/5 stars and wrote that "On the whole, ''Family Star'' is a routine romantic drama with a decent first half. The second half goes for a toss and leaves the audience disappointed. A few family-oriented scenes are good, and the film might cater to the target audience this holiday season".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mohammad |first=Avad |date=5 April 2024 |title=Family Star Review – Vijay Deverakonda shines in this lengthy and outdated romantic drama |url=https://www.ottplay.com/review/family-star-review-vijay-deverakonda-shines-in-this-otherwise-lengthy-and-outdated-romantic-drama/58f487118d660 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406070413/https://www.ottplay.com/review/family-star-review-vijay-deverakonda-shines-in-this-otherwise-lengthy-and-outdated-romantic-drama/58f487118d660 |archive-date=6 April 2024 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=[[HT Media|OTTplay]]}}</ref> Jalapathy Gudellia of ''[[Telugucinema.com]]'' rated it 2.5/5 stars and wrote "''Family Star'' draws in us in the first half with its enthralling romance between the lead pair and a well-executed plot twist at the interval. But the slow-paced narrative and excessively lengthy runtime in the second half undo everything", while praising the production's design&values and the cinematography.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2024 |title=Family Star Review: Lacks compelling narration! |url=https://telugucinema.com/reviews/family-star-review-lacks-compelling-narration |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405205946/https://telugucinema.com/reviews/family-star-review-lacks-compelling-narration |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=5 April 2024 |website=Telugu Cinema}}</ref> Neeshita Nyayapati from the ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' wrote that "''Family Star'' could’ve been a simple, earnest film about a man taking up the responsibility of a massive family and finding love".<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2024 |title=Family Star review: Vijay Deverakonda, Mrunal Thakur's family drama tests your patience |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/family-star-review-vijay-deverakonda-mrunal-thakur-s-family-drama-tests-your-patience-101712300576257.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405190510/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/family-star-review-vijay-deverakonda-mrunal-thakur-s-family-drama-tests-your-patience-101712300576257.html |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=5 April 2024 |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

Raghu Bandi from ''[[The Indian Express]]'' rated the film 2/5 and wrote that "Given the film is designed as a blockbuster with Dil Raju producing, the middle-class sensibilities often slip, revealing it to be the big extravaganza it was always meant to be".<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2024 |title=Family Star movie review: Vijay Deverakonda, Mrunal Thakur film lacks originality, brilliance |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/family-star-movie-review-vijay-deverakonda-mrunal-thakur-film-lacks-originality-brilliance-9253309/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405134135/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/family-star-movie-review-vijay-deverakonda-mrunal-thakur-film-lacks-originality-brilliance-9253309/ |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=5 April 2024 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> Janani K from ''[[India Today]]'' rated the film 2/5 stars and wrote that "''The Family Star'' is enjoyable in parts, thanks to Vijay Deverakonda's camaraderie with his grandmother and a few funny sequences. However, its pacing and conflict could have lifted the film to another level".<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2024 |title='The Family Star' Review: Vijay Deverakonda-Mrunal Thakur film fails to shine |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/the-family-star-review-vijay-deverakonda-mrunal-thakur-film-fails-to-shine-2523728-2024-04-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405191606/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/the-family-star-review-vijay-deverakonda-mrunal-thakur-film-fails-to-shine-2523728-2024-04-05 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=5 April 2024 |website=India Today}}</ref> Arjun Menon of ''[[Rediff.com]]'' rated it 2/5 stars and observed, "There is only so much that Vijay Deverakonda is allowed to work on from a clueless script that bounces from one wrong choice to another."<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 April 2024 |title=Family Star Review: Vijay Devarkonda Can't Save This Romance |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/review/family-star-review/20240406.htm |website=Rediff}}{{rating|2|5}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Sakshi Post]]'' rated the film 2/5 stars and wrote that "Watch it at your own risk. Outdated and annoying the film is".<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 April 2024 |title=Family Star Review, Rating |url=https://www.sakshipost.com/news/movie-reviews/family-star-review-rating-287439 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405211230/https://www.sakshipost.com/news/movie-reviews/family-star-review-rating-287439 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=5 April 2024 |website=Sakshi Post}}</ref>

Abhilasha Cherukuri from ''[[The New Indian Express|Cinema Express]]'' rated the film 1.5/5 stars and wrote that "Despite its assembly line of shortcomings, Family Star could have still critic-proofed its way to success, had the makers taken the film a bit more seriously".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cherukuri |first=Abhilasha |date=5 April 2024 |title=Family Star Movie Review: A tasteless, unoriginal star vehicle on autopilot |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2024/Apr/05/family-star-movie-review-a-tasteless-unoriginal-star-vehicle-on-autopilot |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405151144/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2024/Apr/05/family-star-movie-review-a-tasteless-unoriginal-star-vehicle-on-autopilot |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=Cinema Express}}</ref> Balakrishna Ganeshan from ''[[The News Minute]]'' gave the film the 1.5/5 stars and wrote that "Overall, Vijay Deverakonda’s ''Family Star'' is headache-inducing if not triggering".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ganeshan |first=Balakrishna |date=5 April 2024 |title=Family Star review: Vijay Deverakonda-Mrunal film is a headache-inducing watch |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/family-star-review-vijay-deverakonda-mrunal-film-is-a-headache-inducing-watch-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405193938/https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/family-star-review-vijay-deverakonda-mrunal-film-is-a-headache-inducing-watch-2 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |access-date=6 April 2024 |website=The News Minute}}</ref> Sangeetha Devi Dundoo from ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote that "''Family Star'' does no justice to the family quotient or the star material. It is an interesting idea to raise a toast to the star of every middle-class family but that idea is lost in a film that gets progressively boring and tests your patience".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=5 April 2024 |title='Family Star' movie review: What exactly does Vijay Deverakonda's drama intend to convey? |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/family-star-movie-review-director-parasurams-telugu-film-with-vijay-deverakonda-and-mrunal-thakur-is-an-incoherent-muddle/article68031794.ece |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405095109/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/family-star-movie-review-director-parasurams-telugu-film-with-vijay-deverakonda-and-mrunal-thakur-is-an-incoherent-muddle/article68031794.ece |archive-date=5 April 2024 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|26655108}}
{{Parasuram|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Family Star}}
[[Category:2024 films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Indian family films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Gopi Sundar]]
[[Category:Films directed by Parasuram]]
[[Category:2024 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Indian action comedy films]]
[[Category:Films about families]]
[[Category:Films about interpersonal relationships]]
[[Category:Films set in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Films about dysfunctional families]]
[[Category:Indian romantic musical films]]
[[Category:Films set in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Films about Indian Americans]]
[[Category:Films shot in the United States]]
[[Category:Indian films set in New York City]]
[[Category:Foreign films set in the United States]]
[[Category:Indian business films]]

Narayan Sanyal

2026-02-28T21:59:00Z

User3465346: fixes

{{Short description|Indian writer (1923–2005)}}
{{About|the writer|the politician|Narayan Sanyal (politician)}}
{{EngvarB|date=April 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Narayan Sanyal
| image = NarayanSanyallhome.jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1923|4|26}}
| birth_place = [[Hindmotor]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2005|2|7|1923|4|26}}
| death_place = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| parents =
| signature =
| spouse =
}}
{{Contains special characters|Indic}}
'''Narayan Sanyal''' (26 April 1923 – 7 February 2005) was an Indian writer of modern [[Bengali literature]] and a civil engineer.<ref name="bio1">{{cite web|url=http://shibpurinternational.com/sublink/Personalities/html/Narayan%20Sanyal.html|title=Biography of Narayan Sanyal|work=Shibpur International|publisher=shibpurinternational.com|access-date=24 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016053131/http://shibpurinternational.com/sublink/Personalities/html/Narayan%20Sanyal.html|archive-date=16 October 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Biography==
[[File:NarayanSanyalwife.jpg|thumbnail|Narayan Sanyal with his wife Sabita Sanyal]]
Narayan Sanyal was born in [[Hindmotor]] to Chittasukh Sanyal and Basantalata Devi. His name was initially Narayandas Sanyal in school life.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Krishnanagar College Magazine|last=Ed. Sudhir Chakraborty|publisher=Patrika Parishad|year=1973|location=Krishnanagar|pages=112, 113}}</ref> His family consisted of wife Sabita Sanyal; elder daughter Anindita Basu, son-in-law Amitabha Basu, son Tirtharenu Sanyal, daughter-in-law Sharmila Sanyal, younger daughter Mou Sanyal Talukdar, son-in-law Soumitra Talukdar. His granddaughter is [[Ayoshi Talukdar]].

Although Sanyal is known mostly as a novelist, he was also an eminent [[civil engineer]] by profession. After graduating in science from the [[University of Calcutta]], he passed Bachelor of Engineering from [[Bengal Engineering College]] in 1948. Thereafter he joined Public Works Department and later [[National Buildings Organisation]], Ministry of Works and Housing, Eastern Region, Govt of India. He was a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers (India) and a Fellow of the Association of Engineers (India). He also wrote books in Civil Engineering such as ''Vaastu Vigyan''.

A biography of Narayan Sanyal was written by Pradip Dutta – ''Ami Narayan Sanyal Ke Dekhechi''.

A Documentary on Writer Narayan Sanyal was screened on the 18th Kolkata International Film Festival on 15 November 2012 at Bangla Academy . The film " CHOKHER DEKHA PRANER KOTHA .... Narayan Sanyal " in Bengali named by his elder son-in-law Amitabha basu, was directed by his younger son-in-law Soumitra Talukdar and produced by his younger daughter Mou Sanyal.

==Overview of his works==
Sanyal wrote numerous books<ref name="profile1">{{cite web|url=http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/746916.Narayan_Sanyal|title=Author profile of Narayan Sanyal|work=Goodreads|publisher=goodreads.com|access-date=24 August 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110210405/http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/746916.Narayan_Sanyal|archive-date=10 November 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> that dealt with various topics, such as children, science, art and architecture, travels, psychiatry, technology, refugee problems, history, biographical pieces, encyclopaedia of animals, [[social novel]] and [[Devadasi]]-related.

This author also preferred writing books on deep shadow of many world-famous works. One of the most popular sci-fiction books, ''Nakshatraloker Debatatma'' [নক্ষত্রলোকের দেবতাত্মা], is based on the transformation of human race from primitive creature to civilised intelligent species controlling the whole earth. Then it deals with Jupiter exploration and a super intelligent computer HAL. The three-part book is an inspiration of ''2001: A Space Odyssey'' by [[Arthur C. Clarke]]. In his book, Sanyal named HAL as ''Jantra-Na'', in his mother tongue Bengali, it ambiguously means 'not a machine' as well as 'pain'.

His most popular work is [[Biswasghatak]] [বিশ্বাসঘাতক] written about the Manhattan project that developed the first US atom bomb. This book is based on the shadow of ''[[Brighter than a Thousand Suns: A Personal History of the Atomic Scientists]]'' (1970), by Austrian [[Robert Jungk]].

Another book ''Timi Timingil'' is on whales. This stands on an article published in ''[[Reader's Digest]]''.

He also wrote a series of detective fiction called the ''Kanta'' [কাঁটা] (Thorn) series. Most of the stories were inspired from various foreign novels of [[Erle Stanley Gardner]] and [[Agatha Christie]]. The protagonist of Kanta series thriller, [[Barrister]] P.K. Basu was based on the character [[Perry Mason]].
{{See also|Narayan Sanyal#List of works|l1=List of works}}
Apart from this series, he wrote ''Bishupal Bodh: Uposonghar'' [বিশুপাল বধ: উপসংহার], which is basically a completion of [[Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay]]'s unfinished ''[[Byomkesh Bakshi]]'' story: ''Bishupal Bodh''. Narayan Babu fulfilled some terms given by Bandyopadhyay's friend [[Pratul Chandra Gupta]], who edited Bandyopadhyay's works. [[Samaresh Basu]], as the editor (also a friend of Sanyal) of ''Mahanagar'', a magazine, published it in a Puja issue.<ref>From the introduction of ''Kantay Kantay 1'' by Sanyal himself.</ref>

Sanyal did not simply copy foreign works; he took the central themes and adapted them for a proper Bengali atmosphere, which would be familiar to Bengali readers. For this reason, some changes in the original plot and a few anachronisms (that suit, e.g. offering a chair to the accused & the witness at the courtroom in India—- which is not generally the practice) necessarily occur in his writings. He always mentioned the source, the changes he made in his script, and why these were necessary. He also tried to keep the nomenclature resembling the original so as to offer his gratitude. He often referred to ''[[P. K. Basu]]'' as "the [[Perry Mason]] of the East", as it was [[Erle Stanley Gardner]]'s masterpiece that inspired him to create Basu.

It is undoubtedly accepted{{Citation needed|reason=who?|date=October 2024}} by all that Narayan Babu was one of the finest authors in Bengali and he was a class apart from the flock of contemporary Bengali writers those who were too dependent on sentiment and emotional overdose in their writings and too dependent on monopolist Bengali media/publication groups in commercial front.

==Accolades==
Sanyal received several awards for literature including [[Rabindra Puraskar]] (for ''Aporupa Ajanta'' in 1969), [[Bankim Puraskar]] (for ''Rupmanjari'' in 2000), and Narasingha Dutta Award. Many of his books were filmed and he won the Best Film Story Writer Award (for ''Satyakaam'') by [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards|Bengal Film Journalists]].

== List of works ==

===Adaptations in movies===

*#'''Satyakam''', his novel, was adapted into Hindi film, ''[[Satyakam]]'' (1969), directed by [[Hrishikesh Mukherjee]], starring [[Dharmendra]], [[Sharmila Tagore]] as ''Ranjana'',[[Sanjeev Kumar]] [[Rabi Ghosh]] and [[Ashok Kumar]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Encyclopaedia of Hindi cinema|author=Gulzar |author-link=Gulzar |author2=Govind Nihalani |author3=Saibal Chatterjee |publisher=Popular Prakashan|year=2003|isbn=81-7991-066-0 |page=337 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8y8vN9A14nkC&q=Sahib+Bibi+Aur+Golam+Bimal+Mitra+%28novel%29&pg=PT361 }}</ref>
*# His another novel, '''Nagchampa''' was turned into [[Jadi Jantem]], a Bengali Film released on 1 March 1974. This film was directed by ''[[Yatrik]]'' and starred by [[Uttam Kumar]] as ''[[P. K. Basu]]'', [[Ruma Guha Thakurta]] as ''Ranu'', [[Soumitra Chatterjee]] as ''Koushik Mitra'', [[Supriya Choudhury]] as ''Sujata'', [[Basanta Choudhury]], [[Kamal Mitra]] and [[Haradhan Banerjee]]. Sanyal also wrote the dialogue.
*# The plot of '''[[Ashleelotar Daye (movie)|Ashleelotar Daye]]''' was adopted to a [[Chiranjit]] starred film with the same name (1983).
*# '''Neelimay Neel''' was turned into a [[Tapas Paul]], [[Indrani Haldar]] & [[Anup Kumar (actor)|Anup Kumar]] starred film in 1991.
*# '''[[Pashanda Pandit]]''' was filmed by director Shibaprasad Sen. [[Soumitra Chatterjee]] starred film in 1993.
*# ''[[Gajamukta]]'' was released in 1994 by director Ajit Lahiri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gajamukta (1994)|url=https://indiancine.ma/AIOR|access-date=2021-12-28|website=Indiancine.ma}}</ref>
*# ''[[Kaantaye Kaantaye]]'' scheduled to release on [[ZEE5]] on August 15, 2024. Directed by [[Joydip Mukherjee]] This is based on the book Sonar Kanta, from the Kanta series. Features [[Saswata Chatterjee]] as [[P.K.Basu]]<ref>{{Citation|title= Kaantaye Kaantaye Teaser: Saswata Chatterjee and Ananya Chatterjee starrer Kaantaye Kaantaye Official Teaser|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/web-series/bengali/kaantaye-kaantaye-teaser-saswata-chatterjee-and-ananya-chatterjee-starrer-kaantaye-kaantaye-official-teaser/videoshow/112007770.cms|access-date=28 July 2024}}</ref>

===Children and teenage literature===
* Sherlock Hebo [শার্লক হেবো] (1971)
* Origami (1982; with Pradip Dutta)
* Disneyland [ডিসনেল্যান্ড] (1985)—A delightful account on his trip to [[Disneyland]], California. The book contains some of his pencil sketches.
* Nak Unchu [নাক উঁচু] (1985)
* Hati Aar Hati [হাতি আর হাতি] (1989)

===Scientific articles and science fictions===
* [[Biswasghatak]] [বিশ্বাসঘাতক] (1974)—This is a book about the story of the [[Manhattan Project]] in the US during the 1930s and has a good insight on the type of collective intellect that worked together to make the project a success. This book also displays the win of economics and politics over "common sense" and the disastrous aftermath of such an action.
{{See also|Narayan Sanyal#Overview of his works|l1=Overview of his works: 3rd para}}
* He Hansabalaka [হে হংসবলাকা] (1974)
* Obak Prithibee [অবাক পৃথিবী] (1976)
* Nakshatraloker Debotatma [নক্ষত্রলোকের দেবতাত্মা] (1976)
* Aji Hote Shatobarsho Pore [আজি হতে শতবর্ষ পরে] (1985)
* Charles Augustus Lindebark
* Bihanga Basona (1998)

===Painting, sculpture, architecture===
* Ajanta Aparupa [অজন্তা অপরূপা] (1968)
* La-jawab Dehli Aparupa Agra [লা-জবাব দেহ্লি অপরূপা আগ্রা] (1982)
* Immortal Ajanta (1984)
* Erotics in Indian Temples (1984)
* Bharatiyo Bhaskarje Mithun [ভারতীয় ভাস্কর্যে মিথুন] (1980)
* Prabanchak [প্রবঞ্চক] (1987)—This contains two articles, one on the original story of stealing the [[Mona Lisa]] & the other one is on the greatest forgery in the history of paintings.

===Travel===
* DandokShabori [দণ্ডকশবরী] (1962)
* Pother Mohaprosthan [পথের মহাপ্রস্থান] (1965)
* Japan Theke Fire [জাপান থেকে ফিরে] (1971)—This is an account of a trip to Japan during [[Expo '70|Exposition, 1970]].

===Nostalgic===
* Shat Ekshotti [ষাট একষট্টি] (1984)
* Abar Se Esechhe Firiya [আবার সে এসেছে ফিরিয়া] (1989)

===Psychological===
* Monami [মনামী] (1960)
* [[Antarleena]] [অন্তর্লীনা] (1966)
* Tajer Swapno [তাজের স্বপ্ন] (1969)

===Detective===
All books of the ''Kanta'' series are of '''Prasanna Kumar Basu''' (famously known as ''[[P. K. Basu]]''), Bar at Law.
* 1.'''Nagchampa''' [নাগচম্পা] (Published: 1968)
This novel is the first [[P. K. Basu]] story by Sanyal, though he called it as a "trial ball". It was later adopted in a Bengali movie, [[Jadi Jantem]] in 1974. Here, [[P. K. Basu|Basu]] is shown to be an old, unmarried man; who solves the death mystery of a businessman. ''Sujata'', who is an essential character of the following stories, was accused of murder. ''Koushik'', in a disguise of a driver, also helps her. ''Koushik'' is a typical example of bulk of the engineers who fails to manage any satisfiable job.
* 2.'''Sonar Kanta''' [সোনার কাঁটা] (Written:1974 Published:October 1974; Inspiration: ''[[mousetrap]]'' by [[Agatha Christie]]; Dedication: ''Late [[Byomkesh Bakshi]]'')
After ''[[Jodi Jantem]]'', he changed the character ''Basu'' to be an aged lawyer, whose wife ''Ranu'' is made invalid & ''Suborna'' alias ''Mithu'', their only daughter is died in an accident. This novel marks the proper starting of the series. This is based on a murder of ''Ramen Guha'', a policeman and some other incidents at ''The Repose'', a hotel at [[Ghum, West Bengal|Ghum]], [[Darjeeling]], run by the Mitra couple, ''Sujata'' & ''Koushik Mitra''.
* 3.'''Machher Kanta''' [মাছের কাঁটা] (Written:1974, Published:March 1975; Dedication: Samarjit Gupta)
Mitra couple returns [[Kolkata]], after selling the hotel and starts a private detective agency, named '''Sukoushali''' [সুকৌশলী] at Basu's residence at [[New Alipore]]. This story revolves about ''Supriya Dashgupta'' [সুপ্রিয় দাশগুপ্ত], a manager of a [[Bombay]] based farm. At the end of the story, the caught person is proved to be different than the original culprit.
* 4.'''Pother Kanta''' [পথের কাঁটা] (Written:1975, Published:January 1976; Dedication: Mukul Chakraborty)
Old ''Jagadananda Sen'' lives with granddaughter ''Nilima Sen'', nephew ''Jogananda'' and Jogananda's relative ''Shyamal''. ''Mahendra'', his ex-employee, whom he revoked, suddenly comes back and starts blackmailing Jagadananda. He, then seeks help from Basu. Meanwhile, police arrests Jagadananda in charge of killing his own nephew Jogananda. ''Joydeep'', Nilima's fiancé shadows another ex-employee of Jagadananda, ''Yu Siang'', a [[Burma|Burmese]], who is also supposed to come India to blackmail the old man. Finally, Basu succeeds to make him free catching the culprit.
* 5.'''Ghorir Kanta''' [ঘড়ির কাঁটা] (Written:1976, Published:January 1977; Dedication: Suresh Prasad Lahiri Chaudhuri)
''Rabi Bosu'', a police inspector, who is prevalent in some later stories, is introduced. This story is about a ticket of lottery and a murder. Basu makes ''Prakash Sengupta'', a doctor free from all charges of killing his friend, ''Kamalesh Mitter''.
* 6.'''Kuler Kanta''' [কুলের কাঁটা] (Written:1977, Published:May 1978; Dedication: Kamal Hossain)
''Minati Roychaudhury'', alias ''Minti'', a lost granddaughter of ''GokulChandra Roychaudhury'' is found back. This story has a very little to do with Basu.
* 7.'''Uler Kanta''' [উঁলের কাঁটা] (Written: 1978, Published:May 1980; Inspiration: ''The Case of the Perjured Parrot'' by [[Erle Stanley Gardner]]; Dedication: Sheela & Gourdas BosuMallik)
''Mahadeo Prasad Khanna'', an ex-[[Member of Parliament|M. P.]] was murdered in a lonely cottage in [[Kashmir]]. A parrot is taught in such a way that ''Rama Khanna'', a Bengali lady, supposed to be married by Khanna is kept in the lock-up. Basu finally solves the issue by tracing some clues at the cottage, that includes a pair of wool knitting sticks (in [[Bengali language|Bengali]], which are called ''Uler Kanta'').
* 8.'''Aw-Aa-Kaw Khuner Kanta''' [অ-আ-ক-খুনের কাঁটা] (Written: 1986, Published: [[Kolkata Book Fair]], 1987; Inspiration: [[The A.B.C. Murders]] by [[Agatha Christie]]; Dedication: Prafulla Roy)
''ChandraaChoor Chatterjee'' [চন্দ্রচূড় চ্যাটার্জী] of [[Chandannagar]] was murdered by his brother in law ''Bikash Mukherjee''. Bikash makes an excellent plan to put the blame on a retired Mathematics teacher ''Shibajee Protap Chakraborty''. Chakraborty has a bit psychological problems and has records of attempt of murder unconsciously. Bikash takes full advantage of this, by sending some letters to Basu. These letters apparently seem to be a childish or lunatic job, as it contain quotations & pictures from [[Sukumar Ray]]'s writings for children and some hotchpotch of [[Sanskrit]] & English, but the thing turns serious when murders are made in [[Asansol]] and [[Burdwan]] (these two names are mentioned in the letters).
* 9.'''Sarmeyo Genduker Kanta''' [সারমেয় গেণ্ডুকের কাঁটা] (Written: April 1988, Published: [[Kolkata Book Fair]], 1989; Inspiration: ''Dumb Witness'' by [[Agatha Christie]]; Dedication: Late Probodh Chandra Basu)
''Miss Pamela Johnson'' of ''Merinagar'', a hypothetical township near [[Kanchrapara]], West Bengal dies at age 72. She donates all her belongings to her servants and non-profitable organisations, totally unexpectedly, as everyone anticipates that the old lady would give it to her relatives: ''Suresh Haldar'', ''Smrituku Haldar'' alias ''Tuku'' & ''Hena Thakur''. This novel is unique in a way as it is written in a first person speech of Koushik Mitra.
* 10.'''Koutuholi Koner Kanta''' [কৌতূহলী কনের কাঁটা] (Published: 1993 from [[Ujjwal Sahitya Mandir]]; Dedication: Aloka & Ananta Prasad Tribedi) ({{ISBN|8173340072}})
A distressed lady, ''Chhanda'', is presently married to ''Tridib Narayan Rao'', son of ''Tribikram Narayan Rao'' who is an aristocrat [[Rajput]] and also a business tycoon. She is accused of a murder of her previous husband ''Kamalendu Biswas'' alias ''Kamalskha Kar'' alias ''Kamal Chandra Ghosh'', who also had previous marriages. Basu saves the poor lady.
* Abhi Purbak Nee Dhatu Aw-er Kanta [অভি পূর্বক নী ধাতু অ-য়ের কাঁটা] (Inspiration: ''The Case of the Restless Redhead'' by [[Erle Stanley Gardner]]).
* 12. '''Jadu Eto Boro Ronger Kanta''' [যাদু এতো বড় রঙ্গের কাঁটা]

* Ristedarer Kanta [রিস্তেদারের কাঁটা] (Published: 1992; Inspiration: ''The Case of the Beautiful Beggar'' by [[Erle Stanley Gardner]]).
* Dress Rehearsaler Kanta [ড্রেস রিহার্সালের কাঁটা] (Inspiration: ''Three Act Tragedy'' by [[Agatha Christie]]).
* 15. '''NyayNishtha Nyasnasheer Kanta [ন্যায়নিষ্ঠ ন্যাসনাশীর কাঁটা]''' (Published: 1994).
The story begins with Anirban Dutta, an investment counselor, visiting '''[[P. K. Basu|PK Basu]]''' for a legal advice. He was charged with criminal case of embezzling 2.5L from Korobi Sen, daughter of late business tycoon, Raghubir Sen. Before his demise, Mr. Raghubir Sen made a strange will, where he donated everything to a trust, except the Feat car. He made Anirban the trustee, as he thought Korobi was not mature for her age. He had the power of trading the company's shares. Korobi will have access to the fund when she reaches 22, till then she has to depend on him for her expenditures. When she was 18, she lodged a suit to challenge the will, but failed miserably. He stated that Korobi's friends are influencing her to make wrong decisions. Anirban asks PK Basu to advice on how to proceed without harming anyone.

* Sokol Kanta Dhyonyo Kore [সকল কাঁটা ধন্য করে]
* Kantay Kantay (in 6 volumes) [কাঁটায় কাঁটায়] -A collection of all ''Kanta'' books, published by Dey's Publishing.
** Kantay Kantay 1 (Published: 1990): Sonar Kanta, Machher Kanta, Pother Kanta, Ghorir Kanta, Kuler Kanta.
** Kantay Kantay 2 (Published: 1990): Uler Kanta, Aw-Aaw-Kaw Khuner Kanta, Sarmeyo Genduker Kanta.
** [https://www.amazon.in/Kantay-Kantay-3-Narayan-Sanyal/dp/8129519976 Kantay Kantay 3:] Koutuholi Koner Kata, Jady E To Boro Ronger Kata, Ristedarer Kata
** Kantay Kantay 4: Abhi-nee-aw Er Kata, Nyaynishtha Nyasnasheer Kanta, Dwiboibahik Kanta, Jom Duare Kata
{{See also|Narayan Sanyal#Overview of his works|l1=Overview of his works: 5th para}}

===Research related===
* Netaji Rahasyo Sandhane [নেতাজি রহস্য সন্ধানে] (1970)
* Chin-Bharat Long March [চিন-ভারত লং মার্চ] (1977)
* Poyomukhm [পয়োমুখম] (1987)

===Refugee problems===
* Bolmeek [বল্মীক] (1955)
* Bakultala P.L. Camp [বকুলতলা পি. এল. ক্যাম্প] (1955)
* AronyoDondok [অরণ্যদণ্ডক] (1961)

===Historical===
* Mohakaler Mondir [মহাকালের মন্দির] (1964)
* Hanseshwaree [হংসেশ্বরী] (1977)
* AnandaSwarupini [আনন্দস্বরূপিণী] (1978)
* Ladley Begum [লাডলী বেগম] (1986)
* RupManjari [রূপমঞ্জরী]
* Mrityorma Amritam [মৃত্যোর্মা অমৃতম্]

===Biographical===
* Ami Netajike Dekhechhi [আমি নেতাজিকে দেখেছি] (1970)<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sanyal|first=Narayan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m-jvmQEACAAJ|title=Ami Netajike dekhechi|date=1973|language=bn}}</ref>
* Ami Rasbeharike Dekhechhi [আমি রাসবিহারীকে দেখেছি] (1973)
* Lindeberg [লিন্ডবার্গ] (1978)

===Devdasi related===
* Sutonuka Ekti Devdasir Nam [সুতনুকা একটি দেবদাসীর নাম] (1983)
* Sutonuka Kono Devdasir Nam Noy [সুতনুকা কোন দেবদাসীর নাম নয়] (1984)

===Dramas===
* Muskil Aasan [মুস্কিল আসান] (1954)
* Ek Dui Tin [এক দুই তিন] —An adoption in Bengali of the play by George Orwell-Animal Farm.

===Essay collections===
* Swargiyo Naraker Dwar Ebong... [স্বর্গীয় নরকের দ্বার এবং...] (1992)
* Leonardor Noteboi Ebong... [লেঅনার্দোর নোটবই এবং...] (1992)

===Na Manush (Not Human) related===
* Gajomukta [গজমুক্তা] (1973)
* Timi Timingil [তিমি তিমিঙ্গিল] (1979)
* Raskel [রাস্কেল] (1984)
* Na-Manushi Bishwokosh (Ek) [না-মানুষী বিশ্বকোষ এক] (1988)
* Na-Manushi Bishwokosh (Dui) [না-মানুষী বিশ্বকোষ দুই] (1990)
* Na-Manusher Kahini [না-মানুষের কাহিনী] (1988)

===Social novels===
* Bryatya [ব্রাত্য] (1959)
* Alokananda [অলকানন্দা] (1963)
* Neelimay Neel [নীলিমায় নীল] (1964)
* Satyakam [সত্যাকাম] (1965)
* Pashanda Pandit [পাষণ্ড পণ্ডিত] (1970)
* Asleelotar Daye [অশ্লীলতার দায়ে] (1975; Inspiration: ''Seven Minutes'' by [[Irving Wallace]]).
* Lal Trikon [লাল ত্রিকোণ] (1975)
* Parabola Sir [প্যারাবোলা স্যার] (1977)
* Aabar Jodi Ichcha Karo [আবার যদি ইচ্ছা কর]
* Milanantak [মিলনান্তক] (1985)
* Chonbal [ছোঁবল] (1989)
* Chhoytaner Chaoyal [ছয়তানের ছাওয়াল] (1989)
* Emonta To Hoyei Thake [এমনটা তো হয়েই থাকে] (1992)
* Amrapali [আম্রপালি] (1992)
* Maan Mane Kachu [মান মানে কচু] (1992)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{IMDb name|1238805|Narayan Sanyal}}
* [http://www.becollege.org/news/news_item.asp?NewsID=135 An obituary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928003326/http://www.becollege.org/news/news_item.asp?NewsID=135 |date=28 September 2007 }} on BE College
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050426074427/http://www.hindu.com/2005/02/08/stories/2005020808320900.htm Another obituary] on The Hindu
* [http://worldcat.org/search?q=au%3ANarayan+Sanyal&fq=dt%3Abks&qt=facet_dt%3A WorldCat Booklist]
* [http://www.ambarish.com/autograph/authors/narayan_sanyal.html Autograph of Narayan Sanyal]

{{Authority control}}

{{Narayan Sanyal}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sanyal, Narayan}}
[[Category:Bengali-language novelists]]
[[Category:Bengali detective fiction writers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Rabindra Puraskar]]
[[Category:1924 births]]
[[Category:2005 deaths]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:People from Nadia district]]
[[Category:Writers from Kolkata]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:Indian crime fiction writers]]
[[Category:Krishnagar Government College alumni]]

Sana Althaf

2026-02-28T01:50:34Z

User3465346:

{{short description|Indian actress|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{infobox person
| name = Sana Althaf
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Kochi]], [[Kerala]], India
| occupation = {{hlist| Film actress|[[TV host]]}}
| parents =
| spouse = {{marriage| [[Hakim Shahjahan]] |2024}}
| relatives = [[Sajna Najam]] (aunt)
| website =
| years active = 2013–2019
| notable works =
}}

'''Sana Althaf''' is an Indian actress who works in [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam]] and [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]] films.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/140717/character-assimilation-sana-althaf.html |title=Character assimilation: Sana Althaf |first=Elizabeth |last=Thomas |date=14 July 2017 |website=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2017/jan/24/no-movies-till--board-exams-for-sana-althaf-1563156.html |title=No movies till board exams for Sana Althaf |website=The New Indian Express|date=25 January 2017 }}</ref>

==Career==
She was born in [[Kochi, Kerala]] to Althaf and Shameena Althaf. She attended [[Bhavan's Adarsha Vidyalaya]] in [[Kochi]]. She was a TV host before starting an acting career.<ref>{{cite news |title=I enjoyed shooting in the rain: Sana Althaf |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/I-enjoyed-shooting-in-the-rain-Sana-Althaf/articleshow/46029418.cms |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=28 January 2015}}</ref> She made her movie debut playing Dulquer Salman's sister in Vikramadithyan. She got the role through her aunt [[Sajna Najam]].{{Citation needed|date=December 2022}} She then played the female lead, Salomi in Mariyam Mukku, opposite Fahadh Faazil and was also seen as a trekker in Rani Padmini.<ref>{{cite news |agency=Times News Network |title=Sana Althaf spotted at the launch of Aashiq Abu's Rani padmini in Kochi |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/kochi/Sana-Althaf-spotted-at-the-launch-of-Aashiq-Abus-Rani-padmini-in-Kochi/articleshow/46907506.cms |accessdate=15 April 2015 |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=14 April 2015}}</ref> She made her Tamil debut through [[Chennai 600028 II: Second Innings]] playing Anuradha.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/my-character-is-very-much-relevant-to-the-story/articleshow/55028641.cms My character is very much relevant to the story]</ref> She then acted alongside Farhan Faazil in [[Basheerinte Premalekhanam]] as Suhra.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/suhra-is-very-close-to-my-heart-sana-althaf/articleshow/55261629.cms Suhra is very close to my heart: Sana Althaf]</ref> She was then seen in [[Odiyan]] where she played Meenakshi, sister of Manju Warrier.<ref>[https://www.manoramanews.com/news/entertainment/2018/12/21/sana-althaf-interview.html ദുല്‍ഖറിന്‍റെ അനിയത്തി; മ‌‍ഞ്ജുവിന്‍റെയും: സിനിമയിലെ 'ബ്ലാക്ക്ബെൽറ്റു’കാരി: അഭിമുഖം]</ref> She was then seen in Tamil movies RK Nagar<ref>[https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/280517/sana-and-vaibhav-in-venkat-prabhus-production.html Sana and Vaibhav in Venkat Prabhu's production]</ref> and Pancharaksharam.<ref>[https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/200718/five-friends-in-quirky-supernatural-thriller.html Five friends in quirky supernational thriller]</ref>

==Filmography==
{{Pending films key}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Language
! {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
|2014
|''[[Vikramadithyan]]''
|Shruthi || rowspan=3|[[Malayalam]] ||<ref name=".0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/161018/all-hopeful.html |title=All hopeful |first=Gautham |last=S |date=16 October 2018 |website=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan=2|2015 ||''[[Mariyam Mukku]]'' || Salomi ||<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/Sana-replaces-Hima-in-Mariyam-Mukku/articleshow/44948201.cms |title=Sana replaces Hima in Mariyam Mukku |date=28 October 2014 |accessdate= |work=[[The Times of India]] |last= |first=}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Rani Padmini (film)|Rani Padmini]]'' || Trekker ||<ref name=".0"/>
|-
|2016
|''[[Chennai 600028 II: Second Innings]]''
|Anuradha || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] ||<ref>[https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/211016/sana-althaf-comes-to-kollywood.html Sana Althaf comes to Kollywood]</ref>
|-
|2017
|''[[Basheerinte Premalekhanam]]''
|Suhra || rowspan=2| Malayalam ||<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/sana-althaf-to-romance-farhaan-faasil-in-her-next/articleshow/53098373.cms Sana Althaf to romance Farhaan Faasil in her next]</ref>
|-
|2018
|''[[Odiyan]]''
|Meenakshi ||<ref>{{cite news |last1=George |first1=Anjana |title=Mohanlal's Odiyan will have Kailash, Sana Althaf and Sreejaya |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/mohanlals-odiyan-will-have-kailash-sana-althaf-and-sreejaya/articleshow/62048930.cms |access-date=19 November 2018 |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=13 December 2017}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan=2|2019
|''[[RK Nagar (film)|RK Nagar]]''
|Ranjini ||rowspan=2| Tamil ||<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2017/may/30/rk-nagar-is-not-a-political-film-1610532.html |title='RK Nagar is not a political film' |website=The New Indian Express|date=30 May 2017 }}</ref>
|-
|''[[Pancharaaksharam]]''
|Jeevika
|<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2018/jul/18/pancharaksharam-to-be-a-supernatural-thriller-1844728.html |title=Pancharaksharam to be a supernatural thriller |website=The New Indian Express |date=18 July 2018 |access-date=2019-02-05}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|7050679}}
* {{facebook|SanaaAlthaf}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Althaf, Sana}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses from Kochi]]
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]

State Emblem of India

2026-02-14T17:45:26Z

User3465346:

{{short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox coat of arms
|name = State Emblem of India
|image = Emblem of India.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert
|middle =
|middle_caption =
|lesser =
|lesser_width =
|lesser_caption =
|armiger = [[Republic of India]]
|year_adopted = {{start date and age|1950|01|26|df=y|p=y}}
|crest =
|torse =
|shield = [[Lion Capital of Ashoka]]
|supporters =
|compartment =
|motto = ''[[Satyameva Jayate]]'': '''"Truth Alone Triumphs"''', from the "[[Mundaka Upanishad]]", a part of [[Upanishads]]
|orders =
|other_elements =
|earlier_versions =
|use = National Emblem of India and official documents, currency & passports.
|image_width=125}}

The '''State Emblem of India''' is the [[national emblem]] of the [[Republic of India]] and is used by the [[Government of India|union government]], many [[State governments of India|state governments]], and other government agencies. The emblem is an adaptation of the [[Lion Capital of Ashoka]], an ancient sculpture dating back to 280 [[BCE]] during the [[Maurya Empire]]. The statue is a three dimensional emblem showing four
lions. It became the emblem of the [[Dominion of India]] in [[December 1947]],<ref name="State Emblem and Seal">{{cite web|title=Press Communique' - State Emblem|url=http://pib.nic.in/archive/docs/DVD_38/ACC%20NO%20804-BR/HOM-1947-12-30_116.pdf|website=Press Information Bureau of India - Archive|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://pib.nic.in/archive/docs/DVD_38/ACC%20NO%20804-BR/HOM-1947-12-30_116.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2017}}</ref> and later the emblem of the [[Republic of India]]. The State Emblem of India is an official seal of the Government of India. It is used as the national emblem of India and appears on official documents, currency and passports.

The emblem was adopted by the Government of India on 26 January 1950, the day that India became a republic. It is based on the Lion Capital of Ashoka, a sculpture that was originally erected at the [[Sarnath]], a place where [[The Buddha|Gautama Buddha]] first taught the [[Dharma]], now in [[Uttar Pradesh]], India. The emblem features four [[Asiatic lion]]s standing back to back, symbolizing power, courage, confidence and faith. The lions are mounted on a circular abacus and the abacus is mounted on a lotus. The wheel of the law, Dharmachakra, is in the center of the abacus. The wheel has 24 spokes, which symbolize the progress and evolution of human civilization.

The motto, ''Satyamēva Jayatē'' ({{Translation|'''Truth Alone Triumphs'''|i=yes}}) is inscribed below the abacus in [[Devanagari]]. The use of the emblem is governed by the State Emblem of India (Prohibition of Improper Use) Act, 2005 and the State Emblem of India (Regulation of Use) Rules, 2007.

The State Emblem of India is used by the Government of India and its agencies, as well as by all state governments and union territory administrations in India. It is also used by private citizens in India on letterheads, business cards and other personal uses, but with certain restrictions. The emblem is protected under the Indian Emblem Act and its use without proper authority is punishable under the law.

==History==
Following the end of British rule on 15-August-1947, the newly independent [[Dominion of India]] adopted an official state emblem on 30-December-1947. The emblem consisted of a representation of the [[Lion Capital of Ashoka]] at [[Sarnath]] enclosed within a rectangular frame.<ref name="State Emblem and Seal" /> The task of beautifying the original manuscript of the [[Constitution of India]] was given to [[Nandalal Bose]] (then the Principal of Kala Bhavan, Santiniketan) by the Indian National Congress.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/features/celebrating-nandalal-bose-artist-who-rejected-everything-british-designed-indias-constitution/156874/|title=Celebrating Nandalal Bose, artist who rejected everything British & designed India's constitution.|website=The Print|date=3 December 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/kids/read-on-to-find-out-how-nandalal-bose-played-an-important-part-in-promoting-modern-indian-art/article8413791.ece|title=Bringing out the kala|last=Pathak|first=Yamini|date=31 March 2016|work=The Hindu|access-date=4 September 2019|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Bose set out to complete this task with the help of his students, one of whom was [[Dinanath Bhargava]], then 21 years old.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/we-know-very-little-about-the-man-who-designed-our-national-emblem-here-are-some-fact-about-his-remarkable-life-268185.html|title=We Know Very Little About The Man Who Designed Our National Emblem. Here Are Some Facts Him.|date=26 December 2016|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=4 September 2019}}</ref> Bose was keen to include the Lion Capital of Ashoka into the opening pages of the constitution. Wanting the lions to be depicted realistically, he chose Bhargava who studied the behaviour of the lions at the [[Kolkata Zoo]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/79658/dinanath-bhargava-india-national-emblem/|title=A Tribute to the Artist who Sketched and Illuminated India's National Emblem|date=26 December 2016|website=The Better India|language=en-US|access-date=4 September 2019}}</ref>

On 26-January-1950, a representation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka placed above the motto, {{transliteration|hi|Satyameva Jayate}}, was adopted as the State Emblem of India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/79658/dinanath-bhargava-india-national-emblem/|title=A Tribute to the Artist who Sketched and Illuminated India's National Emblem|date=26 December 2016|website=The Better India|language=en-US|access-date=15 September 2019}}</ref>

==Usage and description==
[[File:Sarnath capital.jpg|thumb|The original [[Lion Capital of Ashoka]], 3rd century BCE, [[Sarnath Museum]]]]
The [[emblem]] forms a part of the official letterhead of the [[Government of India]] and appears on all Indian [[Indian Rupee|currency]] as well. It also functions as the national emblem of India in many places and appears prominently on [[Indian passport]]s. Usage of the emblem is regulated and restricted under [[State Emblem of India (Prohibition of Improper Use) Act, 2005]], under which no individual or private organisation is permitted to use the emblem for official correspondence. The [[Ashoka Chakra]] (Ashoka wheel) on its base features in the centre of the [[National Flag of India]].

The actual Sarnath [[Lion Capital of Ashoka|capital]] features four [[Asiatic lion]]s standing back to back, symbolising power, courage, confidence and pride, mounted on a circular base. At the bottom is a horse and a bull, and at its centre is a [[Dharma chakra]]. The [[Abacus (architecture)|abacus]] is girded with a [[frieze]] of sculptures in high relief of The Lion of the North, The Horse of the West, The Bull of the South and The Elephant of the East, separated by intervening wheels, over a lotus in full bloom, exemplifying the fountainhead of life and creative inspiration. Carved from a single block of sandstone, the polished capital is crowned by the [[Dharmachakra|Wheel of Dharma]].

In the emblem finally adopted, only three lions are visible, the fourth being hidden from view. The wheel appears in relief in the centre of the abacus, with a bull on the right and a galloping horse on the left, and outlines of Dharma Chakras on the extreme right and left. A horse and a bull are represented right below the abacus. The bull represents hard work and steadfastness, while the horse represents loyalty, speed, and energy. The bell-shaped lotus beneath the abacus has been omitted.<ref>{{ cite web | url = http://mha.nic.in/pdfs/STATE_EMBLEM_ACT2005.pdf | title = The State Emblem Of India (Prohibition Of Improper Use) Act, 2005 | date = 20 December 2005 | access-date = 15 April 2012 | page = 4 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130319192231/http://mha.nic.in/pdfs/STATE_EMBLEM_ACT2005.pdf | archive-date = 19 March 2013 | df = dmy-all }}</ref>

Forming an integral part of the emblem is the [[motto]] inscribed below the abacus in [[Devanagari]] script: ''[[Satyameva Jayate]]'' ({{langx|sa|सत्यमेव जयते}}; translation: "'''Truth Alone Triumphs'''").<ref>{{cite court|litigants=Kamal Dey v. Union of India and State of West Bengal| court= Calcutta High Court | url = http://mha.nic.in/pdfs/WP-No.32027W.pdf| date = 14 July 2011 }}</ref> This is a quote from the ''[[Mundaka Upanishad]]'',<ref>{{ cite web | url = http://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/resume/193/scp.html.pdf | title = Rajya Sabha Parliamentary Standing Committee On Home Affairs: 116th Report on The State Emblem Of India (Prohibition Of Improper Use) Bill, 2004 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130308060826/http://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/resume/193/scp.html.pdf | archive-date = 8 March 2013 | df = dmy-all }}</ref> the concluding part of the sacred Hindu [[Vedas]].

== Emblems of National Bodies ==
<gallery>
File:Cbi logo.svg|Emblem of the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]]
</gallery>

== Use on Buildings ==
<gallery>
File:Dome with Lion Capital of Ashoka, Vidhana Soudha (01).jpg|The State Emblem atop the dome of [[Vidhana Soudha]], seat of the [[Karnataka Legislature|state legislature of Karnataka]]
File:India emblem.png | The State Emblem atop the new [[Parliament House, New Delhi|Parliament Building]] of India
</gallery>

== Emblems of States and Union Territories ==
{{main|List of Indian state emblems}}
Most of the [[states and union territories of India]] have adopted their own state emblem, seal or coat of arms which are used as an official governmental symbol, while six states and five union territories use the National Emblem of India with a text legend as their official governmental seal.

Some of the [[autonomous district council]]s established by the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India have also adopted an official emblem.

== Historic Seals and Emblems ==
===Medieval Period in India===
====Pandya Dynasty====
<gallery>
File:Medieval Pandya royal insignia from a Chola coin.png|Medieval royal insignia of the [[Pandya dynasty]]
</gallery>

====Vijayanagara Empire====
<gallery>
File:Emblem of vijayanagar.jpg|Emblem of the [[Vijayanagara Empire]]
</gallery>

====Ahom Kingdom====
<gallery>
File:Ahom insignia plain.svg|Insignia of the [[Ahom kingdom]]
</gallery>

===Early modern era in India===
====Mughal Empire====
<gallery>
File:Imperial Seal of the Mughal Empire.svg|Imperial Seal of the [[Mughal Empire]]
</gallery>

====Maratha Empire====
<gallery>
File:Seal of Shivaji.png|Seal of [[Shivaji|Shivajiraje Bhonsle I]], 1st [[Chhatrapati]] of the [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]]
File:Closing seal of Shivaji.jpg|Closing Seal of [[Shivaji|Shivajiraje Bhonsle I]]
File:Pratap Singh's Royal Seal and Endscript seal.jpg|Royal Seal (left) and Endscript seal (right) of [[Pratap Singh (Raja of Satara)|Pratap Singh Bhosale]], 8th and last [[Chhatrapati]] of the [[Maratha Empire]]
</gallery>

===Colonial India===

====British rule in India====
<gallery>
File:Coat of arms of the East India Company.svg|[[East India Company#Symbols|Coat of arms of the East India Company]], used during the [[Company Raj]] (1757–1858)
File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952).svg|[[Coat of arms of the United Kingdom]], used for official documents, publications and correspondence from the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]] during the [[British Raj]] (1858–1947)
File:Star-of-India-gold-centre.svg|[[Star of India (flag)#Emblem|Star of India]], an emblem used within India during the [[British Raj]]
</gallery>

====Portuguese India====
<gallery>
File:Blason of Goa (ancient).svg|[[Emblem of Goa|Coat of arms]] of [[Portuguese India]] (1600–1935)
File:Lesser coat of arms of Portuguese India.svg|Lesser coat of arms of [[Portuguese India]] (1935–1961)
File:Coat of arms of Portuguese India (1935-1951).svg|Greater coat of arms of [[Portuguese India]] (1935–1951)
File:Coat of arms of Portuguese India (1951-1974).svg|Greater coat of arms of [[Portuguese India]] (1951–1961)
</gallery>

====French India====
<gallery>
File:Armoiries république française.svg|[[Diplomatic emblem of France|Emblem of France]] used in [[French India]] (1912–1954)
Great Seal of France.svg|[[Great Seal of France]]
</gallery>

=== Azad Hind ===
<gallery>
File:Interpreted Azad Hind Gov. emblem.svg|Emblem of [[Azad Hind]] (1943–1945)
File:Seal of Azad Hind.svg|Seal of Azad Hind (1943–1945)
</gallery>

===Dominion of India===
<gallery>
File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(1837-1952).svg|[[Coat of arms of the United Kingdom]] used by the [[Dominion of India]] (15 August – 29 December 1947)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kashmir Accession document side 2 |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Kashmir_Accession_document_side_2.jpg}}</ref>
File:Emblem of India (without motto).svg|Emblem used by the [[Dominion of India]] (30 December 1947 – 25 January 1950)<ref name="State Emblem and Seal"/>
File:Seal of the Constituent Assembly of India.svg|Emblem of the [[Constituent Assembly of India]]
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Flag of India]]
* [[Jana Gana Mana]]
* [[Vande Mataram]]
* [[National symbols of India]]
* [[List of Indian state emblems]]
* [[List of Indian state symbols]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{India topics}}
{{Coats of arms of Asia}}
{{Symbols of India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Emblem Of India}}
[[Category:National emblems|India]]
[[Category:National symbols of India| ]]
[[Category:Indian coats of arms| ]]
[[Category:Indian coats of arms with lions|India]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with bulls|India]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with horses|India]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with the dharmachakra|India]]
[[Category:Memorials to Ashoka]]

Sambhudhan Phonglo

2026-02-11T06:53:26Z

User3465346: put up initial article v1!

{{short description|Indian fighter}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Notability|1=Biographies|date=October 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=January 2023}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sambhudhan Phonglo
| image =
| alt =
| caption = A statue of Sambhudhan Phonglo at Haflong
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1850|03|16|df=y}}
| birth_place = Longkhor, Assam, British India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1883|02|12|1850|02|16|df=y}}
| death_place = Cachar district, India
| death_cause = Killed by British Regime
| known_for = Armed resistance against the [[British Raj]]
}}

'''Sambhudhan Phonglo''' (16 March 1850 – 12 February 1883), also known as Veer Sengya Sambudhan Phonglo,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Martyr Day of Veer Sengya Sambudhan Phonglo observed in Haflong |date=13 February 2019 |url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/martyr-day-of-veer-sengya-sambudhan-phonglo-observed-in-haflong/}}</ref> was an Indian independent freedom fighter who fought against British colonial power in [[Assam]].

== Early life ==
Sambhudhan Phonglo was born in Longkhor near Maibang in the [erstwhile North Cachar Hills] of what is today the Dima Hasao District. He was born reportedly on the Falgoon of Indian almanac. His father was Deprondao Phonglo and mother Khasaidi Phonglo. they had four younger brothers: Umakant, Ramakant, Ramcharan (alias Ramren) and Haisholong.{{citation needed|date=August 2024}}

Sambhudhan Phonglo spent his childhood at Longkhor, later moving over to Gonjung. Afterwards, he moved to Saupra, a small village near Nanadisa. As a young man, he moved to Semdikhor, near [[Mahur, Assam|Mahur]], where he married Nasadi. Sambhudhan Phonglo was reportedly tall, of fair complexion, with black eyes and large ears.{{citation needed|date=August 2024}}

== Opposition to British ==
In 1832, the British took control of Southern Cachar, and in 1854 Northern Cachar. Instead of combining the two territories, they annexed them to the district of [[Nagaon]]. The territory was then placed under the charge of a Junior Political Officer with headquarters at Asalu. In 1866, the territory was distributed between the districts of [[Nagaon]] and [[Naga Hills]]. Thus, while parts of the Diyung Valley and the Kopili Valley had been given to the district of Nowgong, a large portion was joined with the newly created district of Naga Hills. The rest formed the territory of the North Cachar Hills comprising exclusively the hilly region.

Phonglo opposed these moves. He felt that the British had no right to rule the people of Assam and that the territorial moves were intended to weaken them. Phonglo took the view that if the native people were going to lose freedom, then shouldn't they help the foreign power in consolidating its position. To lose freedom was to embrace slavery. It would not be worthwhile for them to live under the aliens as slaves, as hardships could be endured, but not slavery.

== Insurrection ==
Phonglo decided to foment a rebellion against the British. He toured extensively in the North Cachar Hills, encouraging mass resistance, making contacts, and organizing followers. He was able to recruit a large number of youths to form a revolutionary force. Phonglo appointed Man Singh as his Principal Adviser and Molongthong a Subordinate Commander.

Phonglo started training his insurgents in Maibang. Villagers voluntarily rendered their services to the training center. Recruits were brought to Maibang in batches of thirty to forty.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Phonglo, Sambhudhan}}
[[Category:1850 births]]
[[Category:1883 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Assam]]

Ram Puniyani

2026-02-10T02:52:57Z

User3465346: basic improve references per standard format further and updated info

{{Short description|Indian academic and activist (born 1945)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Ram Puniyani
| image = Ram_Puniyani_Image.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1945|08|25}}
| known_for =
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Writer]]| [[volunteer]]|[[public speaker]]|[[Doctor (title)|doctor]]|[[teacher]]|[[medical researcher]]}}
| website = {{URL|https://rampuniyani.in}}
}}

'''Ram Puniyani''' (born 25 August 1945) is an Indian author and former professor of biomedical engineering. He worked at the [[Indian Institute of Technology Bombay]] as a senior medical officer. He began his medical career in 1973 and served at IIT in various capacities for 27 years, starting in 1977. He has been involved in human rights work and initiatives opposing '' '' [[Hindutva|Hindu fundamentalism]] in [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-11 |title=Ram Puniyani |url=https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/en/profile/ram-puniyani |access-date=2025-01-21 |website=Front Line Defenders |language=en}}</ref> He is currently serving as the President of the Executive Council of the Centre for Study of Society and Secularism (CSSS).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://csss-isla.com/about-us/governing-body/|title = Governing Body| date=18 June 2019 }}</ref> He is also an advisory board member of the ''[[Muslim Mirror]]''.<ref name=":MM">{{Cite web |title=About us |url=https://muslimmirror.com/eng/about/ |access-date=2023-12-18 |website=Muslim Mirror |language=en-US |archive-date=16 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216032355/https://muslimmirror.com/eng/about/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Activism ==
He has been associated with various secular initiatives and has participated in several investigations concerning [[human rights]] violations against minorities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://southasia.oneworld.net/event/peoples-tribunal-on-victimisation-of-minorities|title=People's tribunal on victimisation of minorities, OneWorld South Asia|date=22 August 2008|website=OneWorld South Asia}}</ref>

He also served on an [[Indian People's Tribunal]] that investigated the violation of the rights of minorities in the states of [[Odisha]] and [[Madhya Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iptindia.org/state-terrorism-torture-extra-judicial-killings-and-forced-disappearances-in-india/ |title=Indian People's Tribulal Report 40 |date=20 May 2009}}</ref>

He gives seminars and workshops on topics such as communal politics, human rights, [[secularism]] and the [[Uniform Civil Code]] debate, the [[Partition of India]], and the [[Kashmir conflict]]. His articles and essays regularly appear in various Indian magazines and newspapers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.countercurrents.org/comm-puniyani250804.htm|title=Veer Savarkar : Brave By Half By Ram Puniyani|website=www.countercurrents.org}}</ref>

He also runs a fortnightly e-bulletin, ''Issues in Secular Politics''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pluralindia.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200118115018/http://pluralindia.com/|archive-date=18 January 2020|title=Plural India}}</ref>

In March 2019, men in plain clothes, claiming to be from the [[CID (India)|CID]], inquired about the whereabouts of his children.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Desai |first1=Nachiketa |title=Knock, knock, cops come calling on Prof Ram Puniyani |url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/india/knock-knock-cops-come-calling-on-prof-ram-puniyani |website=National Herald |access-date=16 May 2021 |language=en |date=11 March 2019}}</ref>

In early June 2019, he reported receiving threatening phone calls from unknown individuals who demanded that he cease his activities and leave the country. After these incidents, Puniyani filed a report with the [[Mumbai Police]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/ex-iit-professor-ram-puniyani-says-he-got-threat-calls-for-anti-hindutva-stance/cid/1692023|title=Ex-IIT professor Ram Puniyani says he got threat calls for anti-Hindutva stance|date=8 June 2019|website=Telegraphindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/dispatches/article27696941.ece|title=Social activist Ram Puniyani gets threat to life|date=8 June 2019|website=Frontline}}</ref>

== Awards ==
* Maharashtra Foundation (US) award for Social Awareness about the threat of Communal Politics (2002)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121025174452/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-01-03/mumbai/27269944_1_cash-award-winners-activists Trade unionists and activists win awards, Times of India, 3 Jan 2003]</ref>
* National Communal Harmony Award (2007)<ref>[http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=34923 National Communal Harmony Awards for 2007 announced]...Dr. Ram Puniyani and Setu Charitable Trust have been selected for the National Communal Harmony Award for the year 2007.</ref>
* NCHRO's Mukundan C.Menon award (2015)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/94592664@N00/25188856066|title=NCHRO's Mukundan C.Menon award 2015; Honored by Sadbhawna Award by Jamat E Islami Hind on August 20, 2016 given to Ram Puniyani|last=|first=|date=23 February 2016|website=flickr.com|access-date=}}</ref>{{Primary source inline|date=November 2015}}

== Works ==
* ''Clinical Hemorheology: New Horizons'' (New Age International, 1996), {{ISBN|9788122407754}}
* ''Applied Clinical Hemorheology'' (with Hideyuki Nimi, Quest Publications, 1998), {{ISBN|9788187099062}}
* ''The Other Cheek: Minorities under Threat'' (Media House, 2000), {{ISBN|9788174950819}}
* ''Second Assassination of Gandhi'' (University of Leicester, 2002), {{ISBN|9788174951489}}
* ''Communalism: What is False: What is True'' (with Khalid Azam, Bombay Sarvoda Friendship Center, 2002)
* ''Communal Politics: Facts Versus Myths'' (2003), {{ISBN|9780761996675}}
* ''Communalism: Illustrated Primer'' (Safdar Hashmi Memorial Trust and J&P Publications, 2004), {{ISBN|978-8186219324}}
* ''Hindu Extreme Right-Wing Groups : Ideology and Consequences'' (Media House, 2004), {{ISBN|9788174951731}}
* ''Fascism of Sangh Parivar'' (Media House, 2004), {{ISBN|9788174951953}}
* ''Religion, Power and Violence: Expression Of Politics In Contemporary Times'', (SAGE, 2005), {{ISBN|9788132102069}}
* ''Contours of Hindu Rashtra: Hindutva, Sangh Parivar And Contemporary Politics'' (Kalpaz, 2006), {{ISBN|9788178354736}}
* ''Indian Democracy, Pluralism and Minorities'' (Global Media, 2006), {{ISBN|9788188869190}}
* ''The Politics behind [[Violence against Christians in India|Anti-Christian Violence]]'' (compilation of investigation committee reports, Media House, 2006), {{ISBN|9788174952370}}
* ''Terrorism: Facts versus Myths'' (Pharos Media, 2007), {{ISBN|978-81-7221-033-5}}
* ''Fundamentalism: Threat to Secular Democracy'' (eBook, IdeaIndia.com, 2007), ASIN B005D7FCYY
* ''Contemporary India: Overcoming Sectarianism: Terrorism'' (Hope India, 2008), {{ISBN|9788178711454}}
* ''Communalism: India's Nemesis?'' (eBook, IdeaIndia.com, 2009), ASIN B005INISXU
* ''Dalit and Social Justice'' (Mythri Books, 2009)
* ''Mumbai" Post 26/11 - An Alternative Perspective'' (with [[Shabnam Hashmi]], SAGE, 2010), {{ISBN|9788132104926}}
* ''Deconstructing Communalism in India: Striving for Harmony'' (All India Secular Forum, 2010)
* ''Samajik Nyaya Ek Sachitra Parichay'' (in Hindi, Vani Prakashan, 2010), 9789350001479
* ''Communal Threat to Secular Democracy'' (Kalpaz, 2010), {{ISBN|978-8178358611}}
* ''Malegaon to Ajmer: The Trail of Terror'' (edited, All-India Secular Forum, 2010)
* ''Communalism Explained! A Graphic Account'' (with Sharad Sharma, Vani Prakashan, 2011)
* ''Making Sense of Ayodhya Verdict'' (co-edited with [[Asghar Ali Engineer|Dr. Asghar Ali Engineer]], Vitasta Publishing, 2011), {{ISBN|9380828500}}.
* ''God Politics'' (Vitasta Pub, 2012), {{ISBN|9789380828633}}
* ''Sectarianism, Politics and Development'' (with Uday Mehta, Rawat, 2012), {{ISBN|9788131605233}}
* ''Muslims in Indian Democracy'' (Kalpaz, 2013), {{ISBN|9788178359281}}
* ''Quest for Social Justice: An Illustrated Primer'' (Arth Prakashan, 2013), ASIN B00J6AN412

* ''Tribute Volume For [[Asghar Ali Engineer|Dr. Asghar Ali Engineer]] Striving For Peace And Harmony'' (Bhashya Prakashan 2014), {{ISBN|978-9383206292}}
* ''Caste and Communalism'' (Mythri Books 2011), ASIN: B00HR1PB04
* ''Communalism & Anti Christian Violence'' (Mythri Books 2011), ASIN: B00HWWISMG
* ''Osama, America and Terrorism'' (Mythri Books 2012), ASIN: B00HWWIUP6
* ''Religion and Politics'' (Mythri Books 2009), ASIN: B00HWWMF7U
* ''Making of a Nation'' (Mythri Books 2012), ASIN: B00HWWMHWI
* ''Saampradaayiktaa (''2011), {{ISBN|978-9350007419}}
* ''Aatankvaad Explained- A Graphics Account'' (Arth Prakashan 2013), {{ISBN|978-8192627632}}
* ''Mathaveri'' (Uyirmmai Pathippagam 2009) {{ISBN|978-9380072883}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}} {{Authority control}}

{{Wikiquote}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Puniyani, Ram}}
[[Category:1945 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian bioengineers]]
[[Category:Writers from Nagpur]]
[[Category:Academic staff of IIT Bombay]]
[[Category:Indian critics of religions]]
[[Category:Scientists from Nagpur]]
[[Category:Indian religious writers]]
[[Category:Indian political writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian biologists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Activists from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Indian writers]]

M. Jayachandran discography

2026-02-08T19:08:41Z

User3465346: New some entry added tags

{{short description|Discography}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2020}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
[[File:M Jayachandran 01.jpg|225px|thumb|Jayachandran at University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus in 2013]]
[[M. Jayachandran]] is a [[film score]] [[Music composer|composer]], singer, and musician in [[Indian cinema|Indian films]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0419654/bio|title=M. Jayachandran|website=IMDb|language=en|access-date=2020-01-18}} {{unreliable?|date=January 2020}}</ref> He has won the [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Music Director]] for a record number of seven times<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0419654/awards|title=M. Jayachandran|website=IMDb|language=en|access-date=2020-01-18}} {{unreliable?|date=January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/290316/m-jayachandran-has-the-last-laugh.html|title=M Jayachandran has the last laugh|date=2016-03-29|website=Deccan Chronicle|language=en|access-date=2020-01-18}}</ref> In 2005, he also won the state award for best male singer. In 2015, he won the [[National Film Award for Best Music Direction]] for the film ''[[Ennu Ninte Moideen]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/national-award-a-team-effort-jayachandran/article8421161.ece|title=National award, a team effort: Jayachandran|author=Staff Reporter|date=2016-04-01|work=The Hindu|access-date=2020-01-18|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He has composed music for more than one hundred films.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/m-jayachandran/filmography.html|title=Check out lists of Movies by #Mjayachandran #Filmography|website=FilmiBeat|language=en|access-date=2020-01-18}}</ref>

== Discography ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Title
! class="unsortable" |Lyricist
! class="unsortable" |Director
! class="unsortable" |Notes
|-
|1995
|''[[Chantha]]''
|[[Girish Puthenchery]]
|
|
|-
|1996
|''[[Rajaputhran]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
| rowspan="6" |2001
|''Samana Thalam''
|
|
|
|-
|''Punyam''
|
|
|
|-
|''Naranathu Thamburan''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Nagaravadhu (film)|Nagaravadhu]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Sathyameva Jayathe]]''
|Girish Puthenchery, Kaithapram
|
|
|-
|''[[Bharthavudyogam]]''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="5" |2002
|''[[Pakalppooram]]''
|
|
|Guest composer
|-
|''[[Valkannadi]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''Basket''
|
|
|
|-
|''Savithriyude Aranjanam''
|
|
|
|-
|''Kanmashi''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2003
|''[[Balettan]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Gaurisankaram]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|Kerala State Film Award for Best Music Director, Asianet Film Award for Best Music Director
|-
| rowspan="16" |2004
|''Thalamelam''
|
|
|
|-
|''Kakkakarumban''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''Two Wheeler''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''Kusruthi''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Vellinakshatram (2004 film)|Vellinakshatram]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''Kanninum Kannadikkum''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Akale]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Mayilattam (film)|Mayilattam]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Natturajavu]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Sathyam (2004 film)|Sathyam]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''Youth Festival''
|
|
|
|-
|''Malsaram''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Maampazhakkaalam]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Kathavasheshan]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|Kerala State Film Award for Best Music Director
|-
|''[[Perumazhakkalam]]''
|Kaithapram
|
|Kerala State Film Award for Best Music Director, Asianet Film Award for Best Music Director, Asianet Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer, Filmfare Award for Best Music Director – Malayalam
|-
|''[[Amrutham (film)|Amrutham]]''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="10" |2005
|''The Campus''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''Sarkar Dada''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''Junior Senior''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Immini Nalloraal]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Athbhutha Dweepu]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Krithyam]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''Paranju Theeratha Visheshangal''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Gomathi Nayagam]]''
|
|
|Tamil film
|-
|''Lokanathan I.A.S''
|
|
|
|-
|''Boy Friend''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="9" |2006
|''Annorikkal''
|
|
|Guest composer
|-
|''[[Madhuchandralekha]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''Bada Dosth''
|
|
|
|-
|''Ravanan''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Bus Conductor (2005 film)|Bus Conductor]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Mahasamudram]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Chakkara Muthu]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Nottam]]''
|
|
|[[Kerala State Film Award for Best Singer|Kerala State Film Award For Best Male Playback Singer]]
|-
|''[[Kanaka Simhasanam]]''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2007
|''[[Nivedyam (2007 film)|Nivedyam]]''
|
|
|Kerala State Film Award for Best Music Director, [[Asianet Film Award#Best Music Director|Asianet Film Award]] for Best Music Director
|-
|''[[Katha Parayumbol]]''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="6" |2008
|''[[Novel (film)|Novel]]''
|
|
|Also guest appearance
|-
|''Anthiponvettam''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Madampi]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|Kerala State Film Award for Best Music Director
|-
|''[[Parthan Kanda Paralokam]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Sultan (2008 film)|Sultan]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[De Ingottu Nokkiye]]''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="16" |2009
|''[[Vilapangalkappuram]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[I G Inspector General]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''Kaval Nilayam''
|
|
|Tamil
|-
|''[[Samastha Keralam PO]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Nammal Thammil]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Katha, Samvidhanam: Kunchacko]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Vairam: Fight For Justice|Vairam]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Chemistry (2009 film)|Chemistry]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Makante Achan]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Orkkuka Vallappozhum]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Banaras (2009 film)|Banaras]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Kancheepurathe Kalyanam]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''Utharaswayamvaram''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Ivar Vivahitharayal]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Bharya Onnu Makkal Moonnu]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Robin Hood (2009 film)|Robin Hood]]''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="13" |2010
|''[[Happy Husbands (2010 film)|Happy Husbands]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Pramani]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''PSC Balan''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[April Fool (2010 film)|April Fool]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Kadaksham]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Janakan (film)|Janakan]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
|''[[Oru Small Family]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''Arayan''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Sadgamaya]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Four Friends (2010 film)|Four Friends]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Karayilekku Oru Kadal Dooram]]''
|
|
|[[Kerala State Film Award for Best Music Director]]
|-
|''Sahasram''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Shikkar]]''
|Gireesh Puthenchery
|
|
|-
| rowspan="8" |2011
|''[[Khaddama]]''
|
|
|Background music only
|-
|''[[Living Together (2011 film)|Living Together]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Bhakthajanangalude Sradhakku]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Lucky Jokers]]''
|
|
|Composed along with Berny Ignatious and S.P Venkatesh
|-
|''[[Manikiakkallu]]''
|
|
|Also guest appearance
|-
|''[[Rathinirvedam (2011 film)|Rathinirvedam]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Pranayam (2011 film)|Pranayam]]''
|
|
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director – Malayalam]]
|-
|''[[Swapna Sanchari]]''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="7" |2012
|''[[Ezham Suryan]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Mallu Singh]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Chattakaari (2012 film)|Chattakaari]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[No. 66 Madhura Bus]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[916 (film)|916]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Aan Piranna Veedu]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Trivandrum Lodge]]''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="9" |2013
|''[[Romans (2013 film)|Romans]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Kammath & Kammath]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Celluloid (film)|Celluloid]]''
|
|
|[[Kerala State Film Award for Best Music Director]], [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director – Malayalam]]
|-
| ''[[72 Model]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Up & Down - Mukalil Oralundu]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Kalimannu]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Pattam Pole]]''
|
|
|
|-
|''Radio Jockey''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Kadhaveedu]]''
|
|
|
|-
|2014
|''[[Cousins (2014 film)|Cousins]]''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2015
|''[[Nirnnayakam]]''
|Santhosh Varma
|Boby Sanjay
|
|-
|''[[Ennu Ninte Moideen]]''
|[[Rafeeq Ahamed]]
|R.S Vimal
|[[National Film Award for Best Music Direction]], [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director – Malayalam]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2016
|''[[Kambhoji (film)|Kambhoji]]''
|ONV Kurup, Vinod Mankara, Gopalakrishna Bharathi
|Vinod Mankara
|[[Kerala State Film Award for Best Music Director]]
|-
|''[[Mohavalayam]]''
|Rafeeq Ahamed, Anchal Sreenath ...
|T.V Chandran
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2017
|''[[Munthirivallikal Thalirkkumbol]]''
|Rafeeq Ahmed, Madhu Vasudevan, Dr B Ajithkumar
|Jibu Jacob
|
|-
|''Pullikaaran Staraa''
|Santhosh Varma, MR Jayageetha, Vinayak Sasikumar, BK Harinarayanan
|[[Syamdhar]]
|
|-
| rowspan="5" |2018
|''[[Kinar (film)|Kinar]]''
|B. K. Harinarayanan, Palani Bharathi
|[[M. A. Nishad]]
|
|-
|''[[Aami]]''
|Rafeeq Ahmed, Gulzar
|Kamal
|
|-
|''Ente Mezhuthiri Athazgangal''
|Rafeeq Ahmed
|Sooraj Thomas
|
|-
|''[[Koode]]''
|Rafeeq Ahmed
|Anjali Menon
|
|-
|''[[Odiyan]]''
|Rafeeq Ahamed, Prabha Varma, Lakshmi Sreekumar
|V. A. Shrikumar
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2019
|''[[Pattabhiraman (film)|Pattabhiraman]]''
|Kaithapram
|[[Kannan Thamarakkulam]]
|
|-
|''[[Mamangam (2019 film)|Mamangam]]''
|Rafeeq Ahamed, Ajay Gopal
|[[M. Padmakumar]]
|
|-
|2020
|''[[Sufiyum Sujatayum]]''
|
|Naranipuzha Shanavas
|
|-
|2022
|''[[Pathonpatham Noottandu]]''
|Rafeeq Ahamed
|[[Vinayan]]
|
|-
|2023
|[[Otta (film)|''Otta'']]
|Rafeeq Ahamed, [[Vairamuthu]]
|[[Resul Pookutty]]
|
|-
|2023
|''[[Ayisha (film)|Ayisha]]''
|
|
|4th '[[Cinemania (film festival)|Cinemana]]' International Film Festival, Oman, Award for background score<ref>{{Cite web |author=Web Desk |date=2023-02-09 |title=Ayisha film grabs laurels at Oman International Film Festival |url=https://madhyamamonline.com/middle-east/oman/ayisha-film-grabs-laurels-at-oman-international-film-festival-1127097 |access-date=2025-07-11 |website=madhyamamonline.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2024
|''[[Manorathangal]]''
|
|
|Series
|-
|2024
|''[[Oru Anweshanathinte Thudakkam]]''
|[[Palani Bharathi]], Prabha Varma, Kunwar Juneja
|[[M. A. Nishad]]
|
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Malayalam film score composers]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Malayalam music]]
[[Category:Malayalam music albums]]
[[Category:National Film Award (India) winners]]

Bir Radha Sherpa

2026-02-06T06:07:30Z

User3465346: done - done

{{short description|Indian dancer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Bir Radha Sherpa
| image = Bir Radha Sherpa.jpg
| caption = Bir Radha Sherpa with his mother.
| other_names = Chirag, BRS
| birth_date = 15 August 1999
| birth_place = [[Silchar]], Assam, India
| education = [[Gurucharan College]], [[Silchar]]
| occupation = Dancer
| style = B-boying and Contemporary
| height_ft = 5.7
}}

'''Bir Radha Sherpa''' is an Indian dancer, who is renowned for winning- [[Dance Plus (season 3)]] and [[Dance Champions]].

== Early life ==
Bir was born on 15 August 1999, in [[Silchar]], Assam. Born in a poor family, Bir always showed a passion for dancing as a child, and performed in many live events in his areas prior to contesting in any notable competition.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bir Radha Sherpa – Biography|url=https://www.tollywoodcelebrities.in/2018/02/Bir-Radha-Sherpa-Family-Wife-Son-Daughter-Father-Mother-Age-Height-Biography-Profile-Wedding-Photos.html}}</ref>

== Career ==

=== Dance Plus ===
Bir auditioned for Dance Plus (season 3) and was selected into Team Punit- headed by [[Punit Pathak]]. He dominated the entire season to enter the final, and eventually went on to win it successfully.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Dance Plus season 3: Bir Radha Sherpa wins the show|work=[[The Times Of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/dance-plus-season-3-bir-radha-sherpa-wins-the-show/articleshow/60813995.cms}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Bir Radha Sherpa Wins Dance Plus 3: Here's A Look At All The Winners Of Dance Plus|work=[[India.com]]|url=https://www.india.com/viral/bir-radha-sherpa-wins-dance-plus-3-heres-a-look-at-all-the-winners-of-dance-plus-2494032/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bir Radha Sherpa wins Dance Plus 3|url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/entertainment/punit-pathak-bir-radha-sherpa-winner-of-dance-plus-3-on-star-plus-judwaa-2-varun-dhawan-joins-remo-dsouza-15513}}</ref> This was also the first win for a dancer in Team Punit.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bir Radha Sherpa from Punit Pathak's team is the winner of Dance Plus 3.|work=[[India Today]]|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/congratulations-assam-bir-radha-sherpa-wins-dance-plus-3-punit-pathak-lifetv-1051235-2017-09-24}}</ref>

=== Dance Champions ===
Bir was chosen to represent Dance Plus in Dance Champions, that featured champion dancers who won or were runners-up in different shows. Entering as a favorite,<ref>{{Cite news|title=Dance Champions: On the sets|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://photogallery.indiatimes.com/tv/behind-the-scenes/dance-champions-on-the-sets/articleshow/62240262.cms}}</ref> Bir went on the win the competition in the final.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Bir Radha Sherpa wins Dance Champions, see photos|work=[[The Indian Express]]|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/bir-radha-sherpa-dance-champions-winner-see-photos-4994269/#:~:text=After%20taking%20home%20the%20trophy,winner%20of%20Dance%20Champions%20too.&text=Bir%20Radha%20Sherpa%20wins%20Dance%20Champions%3A%20His%20stupendous%20and%20consistent,the%20audience%20time%20and%20again.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bir Radha Sherpa Winner Of The Dance Champions 2017|url=https://www.auditionform.in/dance-champions-winners/}}</ref>

=== Dance India Dance Li'l Masters ===
Mentor for one of team in [[Dance India Dance#Spin-offs|season 4]]. Tamman Gamnu from Bir ke Baahubali was the second runner-up of that season.

== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sherpa, Bir Radha}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1999 births]]
[[Category:Indian male dancers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian dancers]]
[[Category:People from Silchar]]

Panhala Assembly constituency

2026-02-02T20:15:18Z

User3465346: creating a data

{{Short description|Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Panhala
| type= SLA
| state = Maharashtra
| established = 1955
| abolished = 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref>
| electors = 160,412
| mla = [[Vinay Kore|Vinay Vilasrao Kore]]
| party = {{Party index link|Jan Surajya Shakti}}
| constituency_no =
| latest_election_year = [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
| district =
| loksabha_cons =
| reservation =
}}
Panhala Assembly constituency was an assembly constituency in the [[India]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Maharashtra]].
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election|1957]] || Desai Babajirao Balasaheb || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || Sadashiva Daulatrao Patil || {{Full party name with color|Peasants and Workers Party of India}}
|-
| [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || rowspan=2 | D. Yashwantrao Patil || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
| [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|-
| [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1978]] || rowspan=3 | Patil Yeshwant Eknath
|-
| [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1980]] || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1985]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
| [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1990]] || Yashwant Alias Dada Eknath Patil
|-
| [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1995]] || Patil Yeshwant Eknath
|-
| [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1999]] || rowspan=2 | [[Vinay Kore|Vinay Vilasrao Kore]] || {{Full party name with color|Nationalist Congress Party}}
|-
| [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2004]] || {{Full party name with color|Jan Surajya Shakti}}
|}

==Election results==
===Assembly Election 2004===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Vinay Kore|Vinay Vilasrao Kore]] |party=Jan Surajya Shakti |votes = 66,256 |percentage = 48.94% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Yeshwant Eknath |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 56,525 |percentage = 41.75% |change={{decrease}}11.46 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Jayendra Ravrane |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 10,298 |percentage = 7.61% |change={{decrease}}1.96 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Krishnat Sitaram Chougule Dattaram |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 2,306 |percentage = 1.70% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 9,731 |percentage = 7.19% |change= {{decrease}}8.97 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 1,35,389 |percentage = 84.40% |change= {{increase}}7.09 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 1,35,385}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,60,412|ref = |change= {{increase}}9.57 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Jan Surajya Shakti |loser = Nationalist Congress Party |swing= {{decrease}}4.27 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1999===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117044316/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Vinay Kore|Vinay Vilasrao Kore]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 58,322 |percentage = 53.21% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Yeshwant Eknath |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 40,608 |percentage = 37.05% |change={{decrease}}4.57 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ashokrao Shankarrao Patil (Tatya) |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 10,484 |percentage = 9.56% |change={{decrease}}11.15 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 17,714 |percentage = 16.16% |change= {{increase}}2.36 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 1,13,182 |percentage = 77.31% |change= {{increase}}1.02 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 1,09,614}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,46,397|ref = |change= {{increase}}0.68 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Nationalist Congress Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}11.59 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1995===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1995 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117121534/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Yeshwant Eknath |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 46,162 |percentage = 41.61% |change={{decrease}}23.75 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kore Nipun Vilasrao |party=Independent politician |votes = 30,851 |percentage = 27.81% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ashokarao Shankarrao Patil (Tatya) |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 22,979 |percentage = 20.71% |change={{decrease}}10.79 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=D. S. Kamble |party=Independent politician |votes = 5,619 |percentage = 5.07% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kambale Aba Pandurang |party=Independent politician |votes = 2,499 |percentage = 2.25% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=S. P. Kamble |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,794 |percentage = 1.62% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=B. B. Pawar |party=Independent politician |votes = 767 |percentage = 0.69% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 15,311 |percentage = 13.80% |change= {{decrease}}20.05 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 1,14,558 |percentage = 78.78% |change= {{increase}}5.76 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 1,10,935}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,45,406|ref = |change= {{increase}}12.06 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}23.75 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1990===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117080722/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Yashwant Alias Dada Eknath Patil |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 59,821 |percentage = 65.36% |change={{increase}}9.77 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ashokrao Shankarrao Patil |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 28,837 |percentage = 31.51% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Subhashrao D. Kore (Dada) |party=Janata Dal |votes = 2,523 |percentage = 2.76% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 30,984 |percentage = 33.85% |change= {{increase}}14.46 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 93,080 |percentage = 71.73% |change= {{decrease}}0.15 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 91,521}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,29,763|ref = |change= {{increase}}19.57 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}9.77 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1985===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117075119/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Yeshwant Eknath |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 42,640 |percentage = 55.59% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Dattatray Ramchandra |party=Indian Congress (Socialist) |votes = 27,761 |percentage = 36.19% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bhogaokar Gajanan Shankarrao |party=Independent politician |votes = 3,623 |percentage = 4.72% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Gurav Manajirao Raghoji |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,310 |percentage = 1.71% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Shinde Suresh Harishchandra |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,035 |percentage = 1.35% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 14,879 |percentage = 19.40% |change= {{decrease}}16.75 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 78,179 |percentage = 72.04% |change= {{increase}}8.04 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 76,703}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,08,522|ref = |change= {{increase}}12.28 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Independent politician |swing= {{decrease}}1.89 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1980===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1980 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117083555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Yeshwant Eknath |party=Independent politician |votes = 34,800 |percentage = 57.48% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Dnyandeo Yeshwant |party=Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 12,913 |percentage = 21.33% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Yeshwant Dnyandeo |party=Indian National Congress (U) |votes = 7,613 |percentage = 12.57% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Gurao Manajirao Raghoji |party=Independent politician |votes = 4,578 |percentage = 7.56% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kamble Mahadeo Santu |party=Independent politician |votes = 641 |percentage = 1.06% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 21,887 |percentage = 36.15% |change= {{increase}}5.68 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 61,761 |percentage = 63.90% |change= {{decrease}}9.35 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 60,545}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 96,650|ref = |change= {{increase}}5.18 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Independent politician |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}4.97 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1978===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629182050/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-date=29 June 2017|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Yeshwant Eknath |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 34,735 |percentage = 52.51% |change={{decrease}}13.70 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Shankarrao Dattatraya (Shingnapurkar) |party=Janata Party |votes = 14,580 |percentage = 22.04% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Yeshwant Dnyandeo |party=Independent politician |votes = 9,349 |percentage = 14.13% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Shankarrao Tukaram |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 5,080 |percentage = 7.68% |change={{decrease}}14.25 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Yadav Ramakant Ramchandra |party=Independent politician |votes = 887 |percentage = 1.34% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Desai Dnyanu Raghu |party=Independent politician |votes = 859 |percentage = 1.30% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Gurao Manajirao Raghoji |party=Independent politician |votes = 659 |percentage = 1.00% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 20,155 |percentage = 30.47% |change= {{decrease}}13.80 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 68,060 |percentage = 74.07% |change= {{increase}}7.97 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 66,149}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 91,888|ref = |change= {{increase}}5.40 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}13.70 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1972===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519183024/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-date=19 May 2017|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=D. Yashwantrao Patil |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 36,951 |percentage = 66.21% |change={{increase}}15.31 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Sadashiv Daulatrao |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 12,242 |percentage = 21.93% |change={{decrease}}15.97 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Raorane Yashwant Ravaji |party=Independent politician |votes = 4,287 |percentage = 7.68% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kale Sahadev Masoji |party=Republican Party of India |votes = 1,433 |percentage = 2.57% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Malve Ramchandra Krishna |party=Independent politician |votes = 899 |percentage = 1.61% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 24,709 |percentage = 44.27% |change= {{increase}}31.28 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 58,154 |percentage = 66.70% |change= {{decrease}}0.10 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 55,812}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 87,182|ref = |change= {{increase}}13.08 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}15.31 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1967===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926233227/https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-date=26 September 2018|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=D. Yashwantrao Patil |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 25,158 |percentage = 50.89% |change={{increase}}4.95 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Sadashiva Daulatrao Patil |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 18,735 |percentage = 37.90% |change={{decrease}}16.16 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=B. B. Patil |party=Independent politician |votes = 5,540 |percentage = 11.21% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 6,423 |percentage = 12.99% |change= {{increase}}4.88 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 53,811 |percentage = 69.80% |change= {{increase}}17.13 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 49,433}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 77,098|ref = |change= {{increase}}26.11 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Peasants and Workers Party of India |swing= {{decrease}}3.16 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1962===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117085627/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Sadashiva Daulatrao Patil |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 15,529 |percentage = 54.06% |change={{increase}}20.65 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Babajirao Balasaheb Desai |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 13,198 |percentage = 45.94% |change={{increase}}23.87 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,331 |percentage = 8.11% |change= {{increase}}3.91 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 31,683 |percentage = 51.82% |change= {{decrease}}1.75 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 28,727}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 61,136|ref = |change= {{increase}}9.83 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Peasants and Workers Party of India |loser = Independent politician |swing= {{increase}}16.45 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1957===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election]] : Panhala<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 to the Legislative Assembly of Bombay |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114093455/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf|archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Desai Babajirao Balasaheb |party=Independent politician |votes = 10,202 |percentage = 37.61% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Sadashivrao Doulatrao |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 9,062 |percentage = 33.40% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Mane Shankarrao Dattatraya |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 5,987 |percentage = 22.07% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Bapu Ganapat |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,877 |percentage = 6.92% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 1,140 |percentage = 4.20% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 27,128 |percentage = 48.74% |change= ''New'' }} {{Election box total valid |votes= 27,128}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 55,663|ref = |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Independent politician |loser = Peasants and Workers Party of India |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra}}

{{coord missing|Maharashtra}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Long stubs with short prose]]

{{Maharashtra-geo-stub}}

McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics

2026-01-29T06:10:15Z

User3465346: New some pg w/ sources.

{{short description|2010 book by Jonathan D. James}}
{{Infobox book
| image = File:McDonaldisation,_Masala_McGospel_and_Om_Economics.jpg
| author = Jonathan D. James
| language = English
| country = [[Australia]]
| genre = Non-fiction
| pub_date = 2010
}}
{{italic title}}
'''''McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics''''' is a book on the phenomenon of [[Christian]] [[televangelism]] in early 21st century urban [[India]]. The book was written in 2010 by Jonathan D. James of [[Edith Cowan University]] in Australia.

==Overview==

The book discusses religion in a transnational, global context and is based on a three years ethnographic study of Church and [[Hindu]] community leaders from India.

It compares televised religion to "McDonaldisation", which is the process by which society takes on the characteristics of the famous US fast-food restaurant, McDonald's.<ref>{{cite web|first=|title=McDonaldisation Masala McGospel Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India|url=http://www.sagepub.in/books/Book235557?siteId=sage-india&prodTypes=any&q=McDonaldisation+Masala+McGospel+Om&pageTitle=productsSearch#tabview=title|publisher=Sage Publications|access-date=28 January 2014}}</ref> James argues that global Christian television programs that are broadcast on Indian television without any editing are similar to the process of McDonaldisation which takes a 'one size fits all', standardized approach.<ref name="James2536">{{cite book|last=James|first=Jonathan|title=McDonaldisation Masala McGospel Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India|year=2010|publisher=Sage Publications|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788132104735|pages=25–36}}</ref>

The book also discusses the fusion between Indian and American televangelism, which he refers to as "Masala McGospel".<ref name="James45">{{cite book|last=James|first=Jonathan|title=McDonaldisation Masala McGospel Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India|year=2010|publisher=Sage Publications|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788132104735|pages=45}}</ref> James does this by attempting a case study of a program produced by the [[Christian Broadcasting Network]] (CBN) India, entitled Solutions. Whilst the author's initial intention was to analyze Christian televangelism, James also discovered the prevalence of Hindu televangelism in India, which he refers to as ‘Om Economics’ because of the predominantly commercial nature of this phenomenon.<ref name="James98">{{cite book|last=James|first=Jonathan|title=McDonaldisation Masala McGospel Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India|year=2010|publisher=Sage Publications|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788132104735|pages=98}}</ref>

James' study reveals that Christian televangelism in India (which comes in three varieties: global, local and 'glocal' [the fusion of Indian and US], is mainly produced by the [[Charismatic]] and [[neo-Pentecostal]] brands of Christianity rather than the 'mainline', established denominational churches (such as [[Anglican]] or [[Presbyterian]].<ref name="James102">{{cite book|last=James|first=Jonathan|title=McDonaldisation Masala McGospel Om Economics: Televangelsim in Contemporary India|year=2010|publisher=Sage Publications|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-8132104735|pages=102}}</ref>

== Globalization==

''McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics'' is unique in that it places televangelism and religion in the context of globalization. Media scholar Sukhmani Khorana reflects in her analysis, that the author is "cognizant of macro cultural dynamics" in borrowing terminology such as ‘border crossing’ and ‘border blurring’ that show the interplay of religion, nation and media.<ref name=Khorana />

The author infers that Hindu televangelism has been helped by Christian televangelism in the sense that the rhetoric, techniques and style have been borrowed from Christian TV (mainly of the American, Charismatic variety) and taken on board in promoting Hindu practices on Indian television.<ref name="James99101">{{cite book|last=James|first=Jonathan|title=McDonaldisation Masala McGospel Om Economics: Televangelism In Contemporary India|date=8 September 2010|publisher=Sage Publications|isbn=9788132104735|pages=99–101}}</ref> This leads to the idea that there are historical precedents as to how colonial Christianity has influenced Hinduism in various ways.<ref name=Randall>{{cite journal|last=Balmer|first=Randall|journal=Journal of Intercultural Studies|year=2012|volume=33|issue=4|pages=469–471|publisher=Routledge|issn=0725-6868}}</ref>

Pradip Thomas singles out the sociologically grounded methodology of the study as one of the strengths of the book as the interviews with religious leaders "offer insights into their apprehensions, interpretations and understandings of televangelism".<ref name=Thomas>{{cite journal|last=Thomas|first=Pradip|journal=Asian Journal of Communication|year=2011|volume=21|issue=2|pages=217–220|doi=10.1080/01292986.2011.559037|issn=0129-2986|title=Book Reviews|s2cid=218620713}}</ref>
Missiologist Roger Hedlund, in his assessment sees the major contribution of the study as the emphasis on the indigenization of Indian Christianity rather than the Americanization of the faith.<ref name=Hedlund>{{cite journal|last=Hedlund|first=Roger|journal=[[Pneuma: The Journal of the Society for Pentecostal Studies]]|year=2012|volume=34|pages=115–116|doi=10.1163/157007412X621815|title=Jonathan D. James, ''McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel & Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India''|isbn=978-81-321-0473-5}}</ref>

== Critical responses ==

Savio Abreu<ref name=Abreu>{{cite journal|last=Abreu|first=Savio|journal=Contributions to Indian Sociology|year=2014|volume=48|issue=1|pages=143–163|doi=10.1177/0069966713502432|title=Book Review: Jonathan James. 2010. McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India|s2cid=146987844}}</ref> and Rudolph Heredia <ref name=Heredia>{{cite journal|last=Heredia|first=Rudolf|title=Televangelism and Popular Religiosity|journal=ESocialSciences|year=2011|issue=August|url=http://www.esocialsciences.org/BooksInfo/Book_Reviews.aspx|access-date=28 January 2014}}</ref> point out that the limited content analysis of TV programs and sampling of interviews prohibit this from being seen as an exhaustive and comprehensive study. Rajalakshimi Kannan questions the author's choice of the cities - Mumbai and Hyderabad where he conducted his interviews, pointing out that Mumbai is the headquarters for Hindu extremist groups and Hyderabad is a city with a large Muslim population and that if the studies were conducted in other cities, they may have revealed "significantly different" responses.<ref name=Kannan>{{cite journal|last=Kannan|first=Rajalakshmi|journal=Literature and Theology|year=2011|volume=May 2011|pages=1–3|doi=10.1093/litthe/frro19|publisher=Oxford University Press|doi-broken-date=12 July 2025}}</ref> Robert Stephens is of the opinion that the author's motivation for the study is not merely historical or ethnographic, but rather in "rescuing the state of missionary work in South Asia".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Stephens|first=Robert|title=Jonathan D. James. McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India. New Delhi: Sage Publications. 2010. |journal=Journal of International and Global Studies|year=2012|volume=3|issue=2|pages=133–137|publisher=Lindenwood University|doi=10.62608/2158-0669.1107 |issn=2158-0669|doi-access=free}}</ref> Thomas cautions the reader from coming to the quick conclusion that television is the dominant means of evangelism in India today as televangelism's "ubiquity is not matched by its influence".<ref name=Thomas/> In a similar vein, Ahmad writing from a political science perspective, calls for more analysis as the study does not actually explore "the vested political and/or economic interests" of mediatized faith in India.<ref name=Ahmad>{{cite journal|last=Ahmad|first=Riaz|journal=Social Change|year=2011|volume=41|issue=1|pages=173–175|doi=10.1177/004908571104100110|title=Jonathan D. James, McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India, New Delhi, Sage, 2010, pp. Xxiii+234, Rs 595|s2cid=144774767}}</ref>

== Overall usefulness ==

Most scholars argue in the balance, that ''McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics'' is original and useful reading "for students of religion and culture in pluralist societies"<ref name=Athyal>{{cite journal|last=Athyal|first=Jesudas|journal=International Bulletin of Missionary Research|year=2012|volume=36|issue=1|pages=48–49|publisher=Overseas Ministries Study Center|issn=0272-6122|doi=10.1177/239693931203600128|title=Book Review: Mc ''Donaldisation'', Masala Mc ''Gospel'', and Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India|s2cid=149069529}}</ref> as well as "media personnel and academicians involved in religious [[media studies]], sociology of media and sociology of religion".<ref name=Abreu /> Kannan indicates that the study is filled with "numerous directions in relation to further research on a topic to which little attention has generally been paid in the past".<ref name=Kannan /> Indian historian, Vincent Kumaradoss draws attention to James' unique and somewhat provocative assertions in the book such as the 'full circle accommodation' assertion, which explores the "inspirational linkages" of the two faiths - the idea that just as Hinduism earlier influenced aspects of Charismatic Christian practices, Charismatic theology is now returning to India, through the airwaves with increased intensity and even toxicity.<ref name=Kumaradoss>{{cite journal|last=Kumaradoss|first=Vincent|title=From a Cultural Standpoint|journal=The Book Review|year=2011|volume=XXXV|issue=7|url=http://www.thebookreviewindia.org/articles/archives-405/2011/july/7/from-a-cultural-standpoint.html|access-date=28 January 2014|publisher=The Book Review Literary Trust}}</ref> Khorana concludes her review with the following assessment: "[The Study] contributes significantly to cross-cultural religious studies and it can also serve as a useful model for examining the televisual presence of other non-Hindu faiths in India, and for considering how they interact with both the local Hindu mainstream and their global and diasporic arms".<ref name=Khorana>{{cite journal|last=Khorana|first=Sukhmani|journal=Media International Australia|year=2011|volume=139|issue=May|pages=170–171|issn=1329-878X|doi=10.1177/1329878X1113900132|title=Book Review: Mc ''Donaldisation'', Masala Mc ''Gospel'' and Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India|s2cid=142777992}}</ref>

==The author==

James is an Adjunct Lecturer in media, culture, politics, and religion.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jonathan D James |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |date=13 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308081810/https://theconversation.com/profiles/jonathan-d-james-315689 |archive-date=2023-03-08 |url-status=live |url=https://theconversation.com/profiles/jonathan-d-james-315689}}</ref>

James followed this book with ''Transnational Religious Movements: Faith's Flows'' which was published in 2017.<ref>[https://www.waterstones.com/book/transnational-religious-movements/jonathan-d-james//9789353880545 Waterstones website]</ref> The book looks at how world religions have become involved with politics, economics and welfare.

James also edited and wrote the introductory chapter and conclusion to ''The Internet and the Google Age'' which was published in 2014.<ref>[https://www.ro.ecu.edu.au/ecuworkspost2013/720/ Edith Cowan University website]</ref>

== See also ==

*[[Televangelism]]
*[[McDonaldization]]
*''[[The McDonaldization of Society]]''
*[[Charismatic movement]]
*[[Globalization]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{cite web|url=http://www.sagepub.com/books/Book235557?siteId=sage-us&prodTypes=any&q=McDonaldisation+Masala+McGospel+Om&pageTitle=productsSearch|title=SAGE: McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel and Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India: Jonathan D James: 9788132104735|publisher=sagepub.com|access-date=19 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419160244/http://www.sagepub.com/books/Book235557?siteId=sage-us&prodTypes=any&q=McDonaldisation+Masala+McGospel+Om&pageTitle=productsSearch|archive-date=19 April 2014|url-status=dead}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.uk.sagepub.com/books/Book235557|title=SAGE: McDonaldisation, Masala McGospel, and Om Economics: Televangelism in Contemporary India: Jonathan D James: 9788132104735|publisher=uk.sagepub.com|access-date=19 April 2014}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Books about the economy of India]]
[[Category:McDonald's]]
[[Category:Books about globalization]]

Rajesh Khanna: The Untold Story of India's First Superstar

2026-01-25T09:56:06Z

User3465346: Data.

{{Short description|2014 Indian biographical book by Yasser Usman}}
{{good article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Rajesh Khanna: The Untold Story of India's First Superstar
| image = Rajesh Khanna- The Untold Story of India's First Superstar.jpg
| caption = First edition
| author = [[Yasser Usman]]
| audio_read_by = Anuj Dutta
| country = India
| language = English
| series =
| release_number =
| subject = [[Rajesh Khanna]]
| genre = Biography
| set_in =
| publisher = [[Penguin Books]]
| published = 5 December 2014
| media_type = Print
| pages = 352<ref name="book">{{Cite book |last=Usman |first=Yasser |title=Rajesh Khanna: The Untold Story of India's First Superstar |date=1 May 2018 |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=978-93-51188-75-9 |location=New Delhi, India |author-link=Yasser Usman}}</ref>
| isbn = 978-9-351-18875-9
| isbn_note =
| oclc =
| dewey =
| congress =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| notes =
| exclude_cover =
}}

'''''Rajesh Khanna: The Untold Story of India's First Superstar''''' is a 2014 Indian biographical book written by [[Yasser Usman]] and is about the Indian film actor and politician [[Rajesh Khanna]]. The book describes Khanna's birth in [[Amritsar]] during the [[partition of India]] in 1942, his 46-year-long acting and political career, his well-publicized marriage to the actor [[Dimple Kapadia]], with whom he had daughters [[Twinkle Khanna|Twinkle]] and [[Rinke Khanna|Rinke]], and his death in 2012.

''Rajesh Khanna'' was Usman's first published work. He was in [[Mumbai]] recording a show for his employer, [[ABP News]], when he heard news of Khanna's death. Usman's editor, [[Shazi Zaman]], asked him to research Khanna's life. Usman collected several archives of magazines and interviews, and compiled them in a book that was later published on 5 December 2014 by [[Penguin Books]] and received positive critical reviews.

== Synopsis ==
''Rajesh Khanna'' opens with an article about the death of Rajesh Khanna in 2012. It follows by the information about his birth in [[Amritsar]] during the [[partition of India]] in 1942 and his adoption to his family's relatives Chunillal and Leelawati, which was followed by their move to [[Bombay]] (present-day Mumbai). The book chronicles Khanna's acting career, including his debut in the drama ''[[Aakhri Khat]]'' (1966), in which he portrays a sculptor; the film was a commercial failure but critical success. He starred as an [[Indian Air Force]] officer in ''[[Aradhana (1969 film)|Aradhana]]'' (1969), for which he received his first nomination for [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor]]. In 1971, he played a man who has [[lymphosarcoma]] in ''[[Anand (1971 film)|Anand]]'', which won him the Filmfare Award in the Best Actor category and has been described as one of his best films.

The book also covers Khanna's well-publicized marriage in 1973 to the then-newcomer actor [[Dimple Kapadia]], with whom he has two daughters [[Twinkle Khanna|Twinkle]] and [[Rinke Khanna|Rinke]], born in 1974 and 1977 respectively. Khanna and Kapadia later separated in 1982, though they never officially divorced. The book continues with Khanna's political career, from his nomination as a candidate for the [[Indian National Congress]] in 1991 and his win against the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]'s [[Shatrughan Sinha]] the next year to his resignation in 1996. Khanna made his television debut with ''[[Apne Paraye]]'' (2001) and in association with [[Rishi Kapoor]], made a television series titled ''[[Raghukul Reet Sada Chali Aayi]]'' (2007). The book ends with Khanna's illness and death.

== Development and release ==
{{quote box
| quote="Rajesh Khanna exemplified the real definition of stardom ... People from abroad would come specially to see him. But he, as a person, was an outcome of a series of loss. Since childhood, he was left alone or abandoned by people he loved ... When he was barely five or six, he was given away by his parents. He could never come to terms with this loss that he become a foster child."
| source = —Usman on Khanna, from his 2015 interview to Karan Bhardwaj of ''[[The Pioneer (India)|The Pioneer]]''<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bhardwaj |first=Karan |date=9 March 2015 |title=Last impression |work=[[The Pioneer (India)|The Pioneer]] |url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2015/vivacity/last-impression.html |url-status=live |access-date=1 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301105126/https://www.dailypioneer.com/2015/vivacity/last-impression.html |archive-date=1 March 2021}}</ref>
| align = right
| width = 30%
}}

''Rajesh Khanna'' is [[Yasser Usman]]'s first published book and the first part in his "untold" trilogy.<ref name="Interview by Eekta Malik">{{Cite news |last=Malik |first=Eekta |date=10 August 2018 |title='I am so tired of goody-goody hagiographies' |work=[[The Indian Express]] |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/books/sanjay-dutt-biography-biopic-yasser-usman-i-am-so-tired-of-goody-goody-hagiographies-5131903/ |url-status=live |access-date=28 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180605161135/http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/books/sanjay-dutt-biography-biopic-yasser-usman-i-am-so-tired-of-goody-goody-hagiographies-5131903/ |archive-date=5 June 2018}}</ref> When Khanna died on 18 July 2012, Usman was in [[Mumbai]] to record a show for the news channel [[ABP News]]. He wrote in the book's foreword that the news of Khanna's death was much discussed on the social media platforms like [[Facebook]] and [[Twitter]]. The same evening, Usman received a call from his channel's editor [[Shazi Zaman]], stating that their channel would produce a documentary about Khanna's death;<ref name="The Hindu" /> Zaman also asked him to research Khanna's last years and interview number of people who were close to Khanna.<ref name="book" />:xiii–xiv

The next day, Usman watched news coverage of Khanna's funeral procession and later stated that the event motivated him to wrote a book about Khanna.<ref name="book" />:xiv He collected archive of magazines—such as ''[[Filmfare]]'', ''Star & Style'' and ''Super''—and various interviews of Khanna.<ref name="India Today" /> When Usman met people who had been close with Khanna, several of them asked "What exactly are you writing about him?".<ref name="book" />:xv Usman said many of them refused to talk about Khanna, especially his death, and found that Khanna's life before the release of ''Aradhana'' (1969) was "hardly ... documented".<ref name="book" />:xv<ref name="The Hindu" /> In his research, Usman noticed Khanna never mentioned anything about his biological parents and could not find any photographs of them. Usman supposed Khanna "had undone his past in his mind".<ref name="The Hindu" /> Usman tried to meet Khanna's wife Kapadia but she never responded to him.<ref name="book" />:xvi

''Rajesh Khanna'' was released by [[Penguin Books]] on 5 December 2014 on [[Amazon Kindle]].<ref name="Amazon01" /> The book's cover was designed by Aashim Raj and featured Khanna's photograph by cinematographers Jagdish and Shyam Aurangabadkar. After the publication, Usman received handwritten letters and emails from Khanna's fans.<ref name="book" />:352 He said "some still find their way into my inbox"; many of the letter-writers said they "were distressed, and surprised, to learn Rajesh Khanna's loneliness, little known about before".<ref name="Rekha">{{Cite book |last=Usman |first=Yasser |title=Rekha: The Untold Story |title-link=Rekha: The Untold Story |date=29 August 2016 |publisher=Juggernaut Books |isbn=978-81-93284-18-6 |location=New Delhi, India}}</ref>:xii It motivated Usman to research other popular film stars' lives.<ref name="Rekha" />:ix<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kotnala |first=Stutee |date=11 September 2016 |title='Rekha was glamorous, wild she wanted marriage' |work=[[The Asian Age]] |url=https://www.asianage.com/books/rekha-was-glamorous-wild-she-wanted-marriage-763 |url-status=live |access-date=18 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814021447/https://www.asianage.com/books/rekha-was-glamorous-wild-she-wanted-marriage-763 |archive-date=14 August 2020}}</ref> The book was published in a paperback edition on 13 December 2014 and 1 May 2018,<ref name="book" /><ref name="Amazon02" /> while the audiobook version (narrated by Anuj Dutta) was released by [[Random House]] on 8 July 2021.<ref name="audiobook" />

== Critical reception ==
Critics gave ''Rajesh Khanna'' a positive reception.<ref name="book" />:vi–vii Writing for ''[[The Hindu]]'', [[Vijay Lokapally]] said the book was "written in a racy style" and called it "a fine tribute" to Khanna.<ref name="The Hindu">{{Cite news |last=Lokapally |first=Vijay |author-link=Vijay Lokapally |date=12 December 2014 |title=A star only too human |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-reviews/a-star-only-too-human/article6686013.ece |url-status=live |access-date=28 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201051026/https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-reviews/a-star-only-too-human/article6686013.ece |archive-date=1 February 2021}}</ref> ''[[Bollywood Hungama]]'' wrote, "Yasser Usman succeeds quite well in establishing the connect between the superstar and readers. So right from his personal relationships to his professional rivalries ... all narrated in very good detail, something that keeps you turning over the pages at a vigorous pace".<ref name="book" />:vi Gautam Chintamani of ''[[India Today]]'' said the book "packs a punch while constructing the story of the biggest star of Hindi cinema and the best is reserved for the portions that describe his relationships".<ref name="India Today">{{Cite news |last=Chintamani |first=Gautam |date=9 February 2015 |title=Superstar-crossed actor |work=[[India Today]] |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/books/story/20150209-rajesh-khanna-indias-superstar-loneliness-bollywood-817385-2015-01-29 |url-status=live |access-date=1 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301105127/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/books/story/20150209-rajesh-khanna-indias-superstar-loneliness-bollywood-817385-2015-01-29 |archive-date=1 March 2021}}</ref> [[Advaita Kala]] from the ''[[Deccan Chronicle]]'' called it "a special book", calling the writing "cinematic and reads like a film script", and said the book is "one of the best read of 2014".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kotnala |first=Stutee |date=2 January 2015 |title=2014 best reads |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150102/lifestyle-booksart/article/2014-best-reads |url-status=live |access-date=1 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623202230/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/150102/lifestyle-booksart/article/2014-best-reads |archive-date=23 June 2015}}</ref> A review carried by the ''[[Financial Chronicle]]'' noted the book's "brilliantly-woven narrative", adding, "Yasser Usman certainty has a knack for ensnaring the unsuspecting reader".<ref name="book" />:vi

Bhupesh Bhandari of ''[[Business Standard]]'' described it as a "delightful new book" by Usman that "brings to light the various facets of the actor's extraordinary life".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bhandari |first=Bhupesh |date=7 February 2015 |title=Never short of drama |work=[[Business Standard]] |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/never-short-of-drama-115020601652_1.html |url-status=live |access-date=1 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923091958/https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/never-short-of-drama-115020601652_1.html |archive-date=23 September 2020}}</ref> ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' said the book "is a collation of information that is part filmlore, part of cautionary tale with occasional pieces of rare trivia".<ref name="book" />:vi ''[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]''{{'s}} [[Asif Noorani]] noted the author had written "a real-page turner", further saying "the book reads like a novel, such is the writer’s narrative skill. But more importantly, it is rich in content."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Asif |first=Noorani |date=28 February 2015 |title=The rise and fall of Rajesh Khanna |work=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]] |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1166498 |url-status=live |access-date=1 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170123025730/http://www.dawn.com/news/1166498 |archive-date=23 January 2017 |author-link=Asif Noorani}}</ref> Mamun M. Adil from the same publication called the book; " ... a potboiler of sorts", and said; "[t]he narrative is brisk, the facts substantiated by many leading journalists and actors who worked with Khanna, all of which come together to create an insight into Khanna’s life, yet with plenty of mystique".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Adil |first=Mamun M. |date=3 January 2016 |title=The mystique of a superstar |work=Dawn |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1230461 |url-status=live |access-date=1 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219173637/http://www.dawn.com/news/1230461 |archive-date=19 February 2017}}</ref> The [[BBC]] praised it for "carefully woven between the fame of the superstar Rajesh Khanna and the conflict between his shy, egoistic [and] skeptical persona". ''[[Open (Indian magazine)|Open]]'' magazine said Usman "understand[s] the mechanics of narrative" and ''[[Firstpost]]'' called Usman's writing "crisp" and "well-paced".<ref name="book" />:vi–vii

== Adaptations ==
In 2022, the filmmakers Khushboo Sinnha and [[Samir Karnik]] announced a biopic based on the book, whose rights the duo acquired in July the previous year. The film's cast and crew will be finalised in 2022. Although another book on Khanna, ''Dark Star: The Loneliness of Being Rajesh Khanna'' (2014) by Gautam Chintamani, is also being adapted at the same time, Karnik stated; "It's not heartbreaking ... We all have stories to tell and ways to tell them, and to tell you the truth, every filmmaker is entitled to their own interpretation. We know what we have as a script, we know how much effort we have put in and we are confident and so is our studio that this film will succeed in showcasing the story of the superstar."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/sameer-karnik-for-khushboo-and-i-rajesh-khannas-biopic-is-not-a-project-its-a-matter-of-pride/articleshow/88679473.cms |date=4 January 2022 |work=[[The Times of India]] |title=Samir Karnik: For Khushboo and I, Rajesh Khanna's biopic is not a project, it's a matter of pride |last=Dubey |first=Rachani |access-date=18 January 2022 |archive-date=18 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118092708/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/sameer-karnik-for-khushboo-and-i-rajesh-khannas-biopic-is-not-a-project-its-a-matter-of-pride/articleshow/88679473.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Publication history ==
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col"|Region
! scope="col"|Release date
! scope="col"|Format
! scope="col"|{{abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
!scope="row" rowspan="4" |India
|5 December 2014
|[[Amazon Kindle]]
| style="text-align: center;"|<ref name="Amazon01">{{Cite book |last=Usman |first=Yasser |title=Rajesh Khanna: The Untold Story of India's First Superstar Kindle Edition |date=5 December 2014 |publisher=Penguin Books |id={{ASIN|B06XYP2Q8B|country=in}}}}</ref>
|-
|13 December 2014
|Paperback
| style="text-align: center;"|<ref name="Amazon02">{{Cite book |last=Usman |first=Yasser |title=Rajesh Khanna Paperback – December 13, 2014 |date=13 December 2014 |publisher=Penguin Books |isbn=978-0-14-343125-1}}</ref>
|-
|1 May 2018
|Paperback
| style="text-align: center;"|<ref name="book" />
|-
|8 July 2021
|Audiobook
| style="text-align: center;"|<ref name="audiobook">{{Cite book |last=Usman |first=Yasser |title=Rajesh Khanna: The Untold Story of India's First Superstar |date=8 July 2021 |publisher=[[Random House]] |asin=B098TWNVNZ}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Portal|Biography}}
* [https://yasserusman.com/ Yasser Usman's official website]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=xhK0BQAAQBAJ ''Rajesh Khanna: The Untold Story of India's First Superstar''] on [[Google Books]]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2014 non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Biographies about actors]]
[[Category:Books by Yasser Usman]]
[[Category:Debut books]]
[[Category:Indian biographies]]
[[Category:Penguin Books India books]]

List of regiments and corps of the Indian Army

2026-01-22T03:44:47Z

User3465346: Created.

{{COI|date=June 2024}}
{{Short description|none}}

{{Military of India sidebar}}

This article lists the '''regiments of the [[Indian Army]]''', including the various corps of supporting arms and services.

== History ==
{{See also | Military history of India | Indian_Army#History | l2= History of Indian Army }}

=== Historic list of regiments ===

The following old lists in this section have been replaced by the present list provided in the subsequent sections:
* [[List of regiments of the Indian Army (1903)]]
* [[List of regiments of the Indian Army (1922)]]

== Regiments ==
{{See also|Category:Administrative corps of the Indian Army}}
=== Armoured ===
{{See also | Indian Army Armoured Corps | List_of_equipment_of_the_Indian_Army#Armoured_combat_vehicles | l2= Indian Armoured combat vehicles }}

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[President's Bodyguard]]
* [[Skinner's Horse|1st Horse]] (Skinner's Horse)
* [[2nd Lancers (Gardner's Horse)|2nd Lancers]] (Gardner's Horse)
* [[3rd Cavalry (India)|3rd Cavalry]]
* [[4th Duke of Cambridge's Own Hodson's Horse|4th Horse]] (Hodson's Horse)
* [[5th Armoured Regiment (India)|5th Armoured Regiment]]
* [[6th Lancers (India)|6th Lancers]]
* [[7th Light Cavalry]]
* [[8th Light Cavalry]]
* [[9th Deccan Horse|9th Horse]] (The Deccan Horse)
* [[10th Armoured Regiment (India)|10 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[11th Armoured Regiment (India)|11 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[12th Armoured Regiment (India)|12 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[13th Armoured Regiment (India)|13 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[14th Prince of Wales's Own Scinde Horse|14 Horse]] (The Scinde Horse)
* [[15th Armoured Regiment|15 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[16th Light Cavalry]]
* [[Poona Horse|17th Horse]] (The Poona Horse)
* [[18th King Edward's Own Cavalry|18th Cavalry]]
* [[19th Armoured Regiment (India)|19 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[20 Lancers (India)|20 Lancers]]
* [[Central India Horse|21 Horse]] (Central India Horse)
* [[41st Armoured Regiment (India)|41 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[42nd Armoured Regiment (India)|42 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[43rd Armoured Regiment (India)|43 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[44th Armoured Regiment (India)|44 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[45th Cavalry (India)|45 Cavalry]]
* [[46th Armoured Regiment (India)|46 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[47th Armoured Regiment (India)|47 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[48th Armoured Regiment (India)|48 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[49th Armoured Regiment (India)|49 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[50th Armoured Regiment (India)|50 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[51st Armoured Regiment (India)|51 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[52nd Armoured Regiment (India)|52 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[53rd Armoured Regiment (India)|53 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[54th Armoured Regiment (India)|54 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[55th Armoured Regiment (India)|55 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[56th Armoured Regiment (India)|56 Armoured Regiment]]
* 57 Armoured Regiment
* [[58th Armoured Regiment (India)|58 Armoured Regiment]]
* 59 Armoured Regiment
* [[60th Armoured Regiment (India)|60 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[61st Cavalry Regiment (India)|61 Cavalry]]
* [[62nd Cavalry Regiment (India)|62 Cavalry]]
* [[63 Cavalry]]
* [[64 Cavalry]]
* [[65th Armoured Regiment (India)|65 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[66th Armoured Regiment (India)|66 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[67th Armoured Regiment (India)|67 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[68th Armoured Regiment (India)|68 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[69th Armoured Regiment (India)|69 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[70th Armoured Regiment (India)|70 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[71st Armoured Regiment (India)|71 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[72nd Armoured Regiment (India)|72 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[73rd Armoured Regiment (India)|73 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[74th Armoured Regiment (India)|74 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[75th Armoured Regiment (India)|75 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[76th Armoured Regiment (India)|76 Armoured Regiment]]
* 77 Armoured Regiment
* [[81st Armoured Regiment (India)|81 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[82nd Armoured Regiment (India)|82 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[83rd Armoured Regiment (India)|83 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[84 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[85th Armoured Regiment (India)|85 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[86th Armoured Regiment (India)|86 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[87th Armoured Regiment (India)|87 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[88th Armoured Regiment (India)|88 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[89th Armoured Regiment (India)|89 Armoured Regiment]]
* [[90th Armoured Regiment (India)|90 Armoured Regiment]]
{{div col end}}

=== Artillery ===
{{See also |Regiment of Artillery (India)}}

In the Regiment of Artillery the battalion-sized units are referred to as regiments, a point of confusion on occasion. These units are equipped and named based on their type of equipment. There are two types of units. The majority are regiments that have weapons as their equipment, such as missiles, rockets, field guns, medium guns or mortars. The second type of regiment are those that have mission support equipment, such as surveillance equipments and weapon locating radars.

====Weapon equipped units====
{{See also|List_of_equipment_of_the_Indian_Army#Artillery|l1=Indian artillery weapons|List_of_equipment_of_the_Indian_Army#Missile_systems|l2=Indian army missiles||l3=}}

Weapon-equipped units of the Regiment of Artillery are listed below:

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[1 Field Regiment (India)|1 Field Regiment (Meiktila)]]
* [[2 Medium Regiment (India)|2 Medium Regiment (Self Propelled) (Letse and Point 171)]]
* [[3 Medium Regiment]]
* [[4 Medium Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[5 Field Regiment]]
* [[6 Field Regiment]]
* [[7 Field Regiment (Gazala)]]
* [[8 Field Regiment]]
* [[9 (Parachute) Field Regiment]]
* [[10 Field Regiment (India)|10 Field Regiment]]
* [[11 Medium Regiment (Zojila)]]
* [[12 Field Regiment]]
* [[13 Field Regiment (India)|13 Field Regiment (Chushul and Gadra City)]]
* [[14 Field Regiment]]
* [[15 Medium Regiment (India)|15 Medium Regiment]]
* [[16 Field Regiment]]
* [[17 (Parachute) Field Regiment (India)|17 (Parachute) Field Regiment (Zojila and Poongali Bridge)]]
* [[18 Medium Regiment]]
* [[22 Medium Regiment (India)|22 Medium Regiment (Sittang and Yenangyaung)]]
* [[23 Field Regiment (India)|23 Field Regiment (Ad Tecleasan and OP Hill)]]
* [[24 Field Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[31 Medium Regiment]]
* [[32 Field Regiment (India)|32 Field Regiment]]
* [[33 Medium Regiment]]
* [[34 Field Regiment (Cassino-II)]]
* [[35 Field Regiment]]
* [[36 Medium Regiment]]
* [[37 Field Regiment (India)|37 Field Regiment]]
* [[38 Field Regiment]]
* [[39 Field Regiment (Laleali and Piquet 707)]]
* [[40 Field Regiment (India)|40 Field Regiment (Asal Uttar)]]
* [[41 Field Regiment (India)|41 Field Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[42 Medium Regiment (India)|42 Medium Regiment (Dera Baba Nanak)]]
* [[43 Field Regiment]]
* [[44 Field Regiment (India)|44 Field Regiment]]
* [[51 Medium Regiment (India)|51 Medium Regiment]]
* [[52 Medium Regiment (India)|52 Medium Regiment (Sanjoi-Mirpur)]]
* [[53 Medium Regiment (India)|53 Medium Regiment]]
* [[54 Medium Regiment (India)|54 Medium Regiment]]
* [[56 Field Regiment (India)|56 Field Regiment (Jitra)]]
* [[57 Field Regiment (Sittang & Yenangyaung)]]
* [[58 Medium Regiment]]
* [[59 Medium Regiment (India)|59 Medium Regiment]]
* [[60 Medium Regiment (India)|60 Medium Regiment]]
* [[61 Medium Regiment (India)|61 Medium Regiment]]
* [[62 Medium Regiment]]
* [[63 Field Regiment]]
* [[64 Field Regiment (India)|64 Field Regiment]]
* [[65 Medium Regiment (India)|65 Medium Regiment]]
* [[66 Medium Regiment (India)|66 Medium Regiment]]
* [[67 Field Regiment (India)|67 Field Regiment]]
* [[68 Medium Regiment (Parbat Ali)]]
* [[69 Medium Regiment (India)|69 Medium Regiment]]
* [[70 Medium Regiment]]
* [[71 Field Regiment (India)|71 Field Regiment]]
* [[72 Field Regiment (India)|72 Field Regiment]]
* [[73 Field Regiment]]
* [[74 Field Regiment]]
* [[75 Medium Regiment (India)|75 Medium Regiment (Basantar River)]]
* [[76 Field Regiment (India)|76 Field Regiment]]
* [[77 Field Regiment (India)|77 Field Regiment]]
* [[78 Field Regiment (India)|78 Field Regiment]]
* [[79 Medium Regiment (India)|79 Medium Regiment]]
* [[80 Medium Regiment (India)|80 Medium Regiment]]
* [[81 Medium Regiment (India)|81 Medium Regiment]]
* [[90 Field Regiment (India)|90 Field Regiment]]
* [[91 Field Regiment (India)|91 Field Regiment (Asal Uttar)]]
* [[92 Medium Regiment (India)|92 Medium Regiment]]
* [[93 Field Regiment]]
* [[94 Field Regiment (India)|94 Field Regiment]]
* [[95 Field Regiment]]
* [[96 Medium Regiment (India)|96 Medium Regiment]]
* [[97 Field Regiment (India)|97 Field Regiment]]
* [[98 Field Regiment]]
* [[99 Medium Regiment (India)|99 Medium Regiment (Sylhet)]]
* [[100 Field Regiment]]
* [[101 Field Regiment (India)|101 Field Regiment (Harar Kalan)]]
* [[102 Field Regiment]]
* [[106 Medium Regiment]]
* [[108 Field Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[110 Medium Regiment (India)|110 Medium Regiment]]
* [[111 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[113 Field Regiment]]
* [[114 Medium Regiment]]
* [[116 Medium Regiment]]
* [[118 Medium Regiment]]
* [[133 Medium Regiment (India)|133 Medium Regiment]]
* [[136 Field Regiment]]
* [[137 Field Regiment]]
* [[138 Medium Regiment]]
* [[139 Medium Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[141 Medium Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[143 Medium Regiment]]
* [[150 Field Regiment]]
* [[153 Medium Regiment (India)|153 Medium Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[154 Field Regiment]]
* [[155 Field Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[158 Medium Regiment (Self Propelled) (Kargil)]]
* [[159 Field Regiment]]
* [[161 Medium Regiment (Basantar River)]]
* [[162 Medium Regiment (India)|162 Medium Regiment]]
* [[163 Medium Regiment (India)|163 Medium Regiment]]
* [[164 Medium Regiment (Parbat Ali)]]
* [[165 Medium Regiment (India)|165 Medium Regiment]]
* [[166 Medium Regiment]]
* [[167 Medium Regiment]]
* [[168 Field Regiment (India)|168 Field Regiment (Longewala)]]
* [[169 Medium Regiment (India)|169 Medium Regiment (OP Hill)]]
* [[170 Medium Regiment]]
* [[171 Medium Regiment]]
* [[172 Medium Regiment]]
* [[173 Medium Regiment (India)|173 Medium Regiment]]
* [[174 Medium Regiment (Sehjra)]]
* [[175 Medium Regiment (India)|175 Medium Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[176 Medium Regiment (India)|176 Medium Regiment]]
* [[177 Field Regiment]]
* [[189 Field Regiment]]
* [[190 Medium Regiment]]
* [[191 Field Regiment]]
* [[192 Field Regiment (India)|192 Field Regiment]]
* [[193 Medium Regiment]]
* [[194 Field Regiment (India)|194 Field Regiment]]
* [[195 Field Regiment (India)|195 Field Regiment (Banwat)]]
* [[196 Medium Regiment]]
* [[197 Field Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[198 Field Regiment]]
* [[199 Medium Regiment]]
* [[200 Field Regiment]]
* [[207 Field Regiment]]
* [[210 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[212 Rocket Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[213 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[214 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[216 Medium Regiment]]
* [[217 Field Regiment]]
* [[218 Medium Regiment (India)|218 Medium Regiment]]
* [[219 Medium Regiment]]
* [[220 Field Regiment (India)|220 Field Regiment]]
* [[221 Field Regiment]]
* [[222 Medium Regiment]]
* [[223 Field Regiment]]
* [[224 Medium Regiment (India)|224 Medium Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[225 Field Regiment]]
* [[226 Field Regiment (India)|226 Field Regiment]]
* [[228 Field Regiment]]
* [[230 Medium Regiment]]
* [[237 Field Regiment]]
* [[242 Medium Regiment]]
* [[244 Field Regiment]]
* [[246 Field Regiment]]
* [[253 Medium Regiment]]
* [[255 Medium Regiment]]
* [[262 Field Regiment]]
* [[268 Field Regiment]]
* [[269 Medium Regiment (India)|269 Medium Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[274 Field Regiment]]
* [[278 Medium Regiment]]
* [[281 Field Regiment]]
* [[282 Medium Regiment]]
* [[283 Field Regiment]]
* [[284 Field Regiment]]
* [[285 Medium Regiment]]
* [[286 Medium Regiment (India)|286 Medium Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[287 Field Regiment]]
* [[288 Medium Regiment]]
* [[290 Medium Regiment]]
* [[297 Medium Regiment]]
* [[298 Field Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[299 Medium Regiment]]
* [[301 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[302 Medium Regiment]]
* [[305 Field Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[306 Field Regiment]]
* [[307 Medium Regiment]]
* [[310 Field Regiment]]
* [[311 Field Regiment]]
* [[312 Field Regiment]]
* [[313 Field Regiment(India)|313 Field Regiment]]
* [[314 Heavy Mortar Regiment]]
* [[315 Field Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[316 Medium Regiment (India)|316 Medium Regiment]]
* [[317 Field Regiment]]
* [[318 Medium Regiment]]
* [[320 Medium Regiment]]
* [[321 Medium Regiment]]
* [[322 Field Regiment]]
* [[323 Field Regiment]]
* [[324 Field Regiment]]
* [[325 Field Regiment]]
* [[326 Field Regiment]]
* [[327 Medium Regiment]]
* [[328 Medium Regiment]]
* [[329 Medium Regiment]]
* [[330 Field Regiment]]
* [[331 Medium Regiment]]
* [[332 Field Regiment]]
* [[336 Field Regiment]]
* [[337 Field Regiment]]
* [[338 Medium Regiment]]
* [[339 Medium Regiment]]
* [[340 Medium Regiment]]
* [[341 Medium Regiment]]
* [[342 Field Regiment]]
* [[343 Field Regiment]]
* [[344 Missile Regiment]]
* [[345 Medium Regiment]]
* [[346 Field Regiment]]
* [[354 Missile Regiment]]
* [[371 Missile Regiment]]
* [[501 Light Regiment]]
* [[551 Rocket Regiment (India)|551 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[581 Light Regiment]]
* [[821 Light Regiment]]
* [[831 Light Regiment]]
* [[832 Light Regiment]]
* [[841 Rocket Regiment (India)|841 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[851 Light Regiment]]
* [[852 Light Regiment]]
* [[861 Missile Regiment (India)|861 Missile Regiment (Laleali and Picquet 707)]]
* [[871 Medium Regiment (Shingo)]]
* [[872 Light Regiment]]
* [[881 Missile Regiment (India)|881 Missile Regiment]]
* [[891 Field Regiment (India)|891 Field Regiment]]
* [[908 Medium Regiment]]
* [[1211 Medium Regiment]]
* [[1811 Medium Regiment]]
* [[1812 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[1821 Light Regiment (India)|1821 Light Regiment]]
* [[1822 Light Regiment (India)|1822 Light Regiment]]
* [[1831 Medium Regiment]]
* [[1832 Light Regiment]]
* [[1841 Light Regiment]]
* [[1842 Light Regiment]]
* [[1851 Light Regiment (India)|1851 Light Regiment]]
* [[1861 Medium Regiment]]
* [[1862 Light Regiment]]
* [[1871 Field Regiment]]
* [[1872 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[1880 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[1881 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[1889 Missile Regiment (India)|1889 Missile Regiment (Kargil)]]
* [[1890 Rocket Regiment (India)|1890 Rocket Regiment]]
* [[1900 Field Regiment]]
* [[1905 Light Regiment]]
* [[1906 Light Regiment]]
* [[1907 Medium Regiment]]
* [[1988 (Independent) Medium Battery]]
* [[3342 Missile Regiment]]

{{div col end}}

The following units, designated as "Missile Group", are equipped with [[Nuclear weapon|nuclear capable]] [[Ballistic missile|ballistic missiles]] like [[Prithvi (missile)|Prithvi]]<ref name="P1">{{Cite web |title=India's Nuclear Force Structure 2025 |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2016/06/indias-nuclear-force-structure-2025?lang=en |access-date=2024-08-21 |website=carnegieendowment.orgundefined |language=en}}</ref><ref name="MT">{{Cite web |date=2024-04-23 |title=Prithvi-I |url=https://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/prithvi/ |access-date=2024-08-21 |website=Missile Threat |language=en}}</ref> and [[Agni (missile)|Agni]].<ref name="Agni">{{Cite web |date=2019-04-04 |title=Countdown: Ballistic Missiles |url=https://forceindia.net/countdown-ballistic-missiles/ |access-date=2024-08-21 |website=Force India |language=en}}</ref> They operate under the [[Strategic Forces Command]].

* 222 Missile Group ([[Prithvi (missile)|Prithvi-I missile]])
* 333 Missile Group ([[Prithvi (missile)|Prithvi missile]] at [[Secunderabad]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=333rd Artillery Group - India Special Weapons Agencies |url=https://nuke.fas.org/guide/india/agency/333.htm |access-date=2024-08-21 |website=nuke.fas.org}}</ref>
* 334 Missile Group ([[Agni-I]] missile at [[Secunderabad]])
* 335 Missile Group ([[Agni-II]] missile at [[Secunderabad]] with 12 [[Transporter erector launcher|TEL]] vehicles)<ref>{{cite web |title=Agni-2 |url=http://www.missilethreat.com/missilesoftheworld/id.9/missile_detail.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018150947/http://www.missilethreat.com/missilesoftheworld/id.9/missile_detail.asp |archive-date=18 October 2012 |access-date=2012-09-20 |publisher=Missilethreat.com}}</ref>
* 444 Missile Group ([[Prithvi (missile)|Prithvi-I missile]])
* 555 Missile Group ([[Prithvi (missile)|Prithvi-I missile]])

==== SATA units ====
{{See also | List_of_equipment_of_the_Indian_Army#Radar | l1= Indian army radars and SATA equipment }}

Units of the Regiment of Artillery that have equipment other than weapons are listed below. These units mainly have [[Surveillance and Target Acquisition]] (SATA) equipment, '''[[Surveillance]] and [[target acquisition]]''' is a military role assigned to units and/or their equipment. It involves watching an area to see what changes (surveillance) for the purpose of enemy [[field artillery]] acquisition, then the acquisition of targets based on that information, and example of their equipment include [[Counter-battery radar]] (CoBRa) and [[Unmanned aerial vehicle]]s (UAVs) (see also
[[Mobile Artillery Monitoring Battlefield Radar|Mobile Artillery Monitoring Battlefield Asset (MAMBA)]]).

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[20 SATA Regiment]]
* [[21 SATA Regiment]]
* [[122 SATA Regiment]]
* [[124 SATA Battery]]
* [[125 SATA Regiment (India)|125 SATA Regiment]]
* [[126 SATA Battery]]
* [[127 SATA Regiment]]
* [[128 SATA Regiment]]
* [[129 SATA Regiment]]
* [[131 SATA Regiment]]
* [[132 SATA Regiment]]
* [[201 SATA Battery]]
* [[202 SATA Battery]]
* [[203 SATA Regiment]]
* [[204 SATA Battery]]
* [[205 SATA Battery]]
* [[206 SATA Battery]]
* [[229 SATA Battery]]
* [[267 SATA Battery (India)|267 SATA Battery]]
* [[279 SATA Battery]]
* [[289 SATA Battery]]
* [[617 SATA Battery]]
* [[618 SATA Battery]]
* [[619 SATA Battery]]
* [[620 SATA Battery]]
* [[621 SATA Battery]]
* [[622 SATA Battery]]
* [[623 SATA Battery]]
* [[624 SATA Battery]]
* [[625 SATA Battery]]
* [[626 SATA Battery]]
* [[627 SATA Battery]]
* [[628 SATA Battery]]
* [[629 SATA Battery]]
* [[630 SATA Battery]]
* [[631 SATA Battery]]
* [[632 SATA Battery]]
* [[633 SATA Battery]]
* [[634 SATA Battery]]
* [[635 SATA Battery]]
* [[636 SATA Battery]]
* [[637 SATA Battery]]
* [[638 SATA Battery]]
* [[641 SATA Battery]]
{{div col end}}

=== Infantry ===
{{ see also | Infantry of the Indian Army | l1= Indian Infantry | List_of_equipment_of_the_Indian_Army#Infantry_weapons | l2= Indian Infantry weapons | List_of_equipment_of_the_Indian_Army#Infantry_equipment | l3= Indian Infantry future weapons }}

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
|-
! Regiment
! Active From
! Regimental Center
! Motto
! War Cry
|-
| [[Madras Regiment]]
| 1758
| [[Wellington, Tamil Nadu|Wellington]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
| "Swadharme nidhanam shreyaha" ("it is a glory to die doing one's duty")
| "Veera Madrassi, Adi Kollu, Adi Kollu" ("Brave Madrassi, Strike and Kill, Strike and Kill!")
|-
| [[Rajputana Rifles]]
| 1775
| [[Delhi Cantonment]], [[Delhi]]
| "Veer bhogya vasundhara" ("the brave shall inherit the earth")
| "Raja Ramachandra ki jai" ("victory to King Ramachandra")
|-
| [[Rajput Regiment]]
| 1778
| [[Fatehgarh]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| "Sarvatra vijay" ("victory everywhere")
| "Bol Bajrang Bali Ki jai" ("say victory to Lord Hanuman")
|-
| [[Dogra Regiment]]
| 1877
| [[Ayodhya]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| "Kartavyam anvatma" ("duty before death")
| "Jawala Mata ki jai" ("victory to Goddess Jawala")
|-
| [[Sikh Regiment]]
| 1846
| [[Ramgarh Cantonment]], [[Jharkhand]]
| "Nischay kar apni jeet karon" ("with determination, I will be triumphant")
| "Bole So Nihal, sat sri akal" ("Shout Aloud in Ecstasy, True is the Great Eternal God!") "Wahe Guruji Da Khalsa, Wahe Guruji Di Fateh" ("The Khalsa of Waheguru is victorious")
|-
| [[Jat Regiment]]
| 1795
|[[Bareilly]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| "Sangathan va veerta" ("unity and valour")
| "Jat balwan, jai bhagwan" ("the Jat is strong, victory to God")
|-
| [[Parachute Regiment (India)|Parachute Regiment]]
| 1945
| [[Bengaluru]], [[Karnataka]]
| "Shatrujeet" ("the conqueror")
| "Balidan Param Dharma" ("Sacrifice, Supreme Duty")
|-
| [[Punjab Regiment (India)|Punjab Regiment]]
| 1761
| [[Ramgarh Cantonment]], [[Jharkhand]]
| "Sthal wa jal" ("by land and sea")
| "Jo bole So Nihal, sat sri akal" ("Shout Aloud in Ecstasy, True is the Great Eternal God!"); "Bol Jawala Ma ki jai" ("say victory to Goddess Jawala")
|-
| [[The Grenadiers]]
| 1778
| [[Jabalpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| "Naam, Namak, Nishan" ("Name, Salt, Mark")
| "Sarvada shaktishali" ("always strong")
|-
| [[Sikh Light Infantry]]
| 1944
| [[Fatehgarh]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| "Deg teg fateh" ("Victory to charity and arms")
| "Jo bole So Nihal, sat sri akal" ("Shout Aloud in Ecstasy, True is the Great Eternal God!")
|-
| [[Maratha Light Infantry]]
| 1768
| [[Belgaum]], [[Karnataka]]
| "Duty, honour, courage"
| "Bola Shri Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj ki jai ("say victory to King Shivaji); "Temlai Mata ki Jai" ("victory to Goddess Temlai"); [[Hara Hara Mahadeva|Har Har Mahadev]] ("Hail to Shiva")
|-
| [[The Garhwal Rifles]]
| 1887
|[[Lansdowne, India|Lansdowne]], [[Uttarakhand]]
| "Yudhaya krit nischya" ("fight with determination")
| "Badri Vishal Lal ki jai" ("victory to the Great Lord Badri Nath")
|-
| [[Kumaon Regiment]]
| 1813
| [[Ranikhet]], [[Uttarakhand]]
| "Parakramo vijayate" ("valour triumphs")
| "Kalika Mata ki jai" ("victory to Goddess Kali"); "Bajrang Bali ki jai" ("victory to Lord Hanuman"); "Dada Kishan ki jai" ("Victory to Dada Kishan")
|-
| [[Assam Regiment]]
| 1941
| [[Shillong]], [[Meghalaya]]
| "Assam vikram" ("unique valour")
| "Rhino charge"
|-
| [[Bihar Regiment]]
| 1941
| [[Danapur]], [[Bihar]]
| "Karam Hi Dharam" ("Work is Worship")
| "Bajrang Bali Ki Jai" ("Victory to Lord Hanuman"); "Birsa Munda Ki Jai" ("Victory to Birsa Munda")
|-
| [[Mahar Regiment]]
| 1815
| [[Sagar, Madhya Pradesh|Sagar]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| "Yash sidhi" ("success and attainment")
| "Bolo Hindustan ki jai" ("say victory to India")
|-
| [[Jammu & Kashmir Rifles]]
| 1821
| [[Jabalpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| "Prashata ranvirta" ("valour in battle is praiseworthy")
| "Durga Mata ki jai" ("victory to Goddess Durga")
|-
| [[Jammu and Kashmir Light Infantry]]
| 1947
| [[Avantipur|Awantipora]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| "Balidanam vir lakshanam " ("sacrifice is a characteristic of the brave")
| "Bharat Mata ki jai" ("victory to Mother India")
|-
| [[Naga Regiment]]
| 1970
| [[Ranikhet]], [[Uttarakhand]]
|"Parakramo vijayate" ("valour triumphs")
| "Jai Durga Naga" ("victory to Durga Naga")
|-
| [[1 Gorkha Rifles|1 Gorkha Rifles (The Malaun Regiment)]]
| 1815
| [[Sabathu|Subathu]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
| rowspan="3" | "Kayar hunu bhanda marnu ramro" ("better to die than live like a coward")
| rowspan="3" | "Jai Maa Kali, ayo Gorkhali" ("Hail Goddess Kali, here come the Gorkhas")
|-
| [[3 Gorkha Rifles]]
| 1815
| [[Varanasi]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
|-
| [[4 Gorkha Rifles]]
| 1857
| [[Sabathu]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
|-
| [[5 Gorkha Rifles (Frontier Force)]]
| 1858
| [[Shillong]], [[Meghalaya]]
| "Shaurya evam nistha" ("courage and determination")
|"Ayo Gorkhali" ("Here come the Gorkhas")
|-
| [[8 Gorkha Rifles]]
| 1824
| [[Shillong]], [[Meghalaya]]
| rowspan="2" | "Kayar hunu bhanda marnu ramro" ("better to die than live like a coward")
| rowspan="3" | "Jai Maa Kali, ayo Gorkhali" ("Hail Goddess Kali, here come the Gorkhas")
|-
|-
| [[9 Gorkha Rifles]]
| 1817
| [[Varanasi]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
|-
| [[11 Gorkha Rifles]]
| 1918-1922; from 1948
| [[Lucknow]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| "Yatraham vijayastatra" ("Victory resides where I reside")
|-
| [[Ladakh Scouts]]
| 1963
| [[Leh]], [[Ladakh]]
|
| "Ki ki so so Lhargyalo" ("Victory to God")
|-
| [[Arunachal Scouts]]
| 2010
| Rayang, [[Pasighat]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
|
|
|-
| [[Sikkim Scouts]]
| 2013
| [[Lucknow]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
|
|
|}

=== Mechanised ===
{{ see also | List_of_equipment_of_the_Indian_Army#Vehicles | l1= Indian Army vehicles | List_of_equipment_of_the_Indian_Army#Vehicles_2 | l2= Indian Infantry future vehicles }}

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
|-
! Regiment
! Active From
! Regimental Center
! Motto
! War Cry
|-
| [[Brigade of the Guards]]
| 1949
| [[Kamptee]], [[Maharashtra]]
| "Pahla humesha Pahla ("first always first")
| "Garud ka hu bol pyare" ("I am the son of Garuda say o my friend")
|-
| [[Mechanised Infantry Regiment]]
| 1979
| [[Ahmednagar]], [[Maharashtra]]
| "Valour and faith"
| "Bolo Bharat Mata ki jai" ("say victory to Mother India")
|}

===Corps of Army Air Defence===
{{See also|Corps of Army Air Defence}}

The list of army air defence regiments is as follows:

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[19 AD Regiment]]
* [[25 AD Regiment (India)|25 AD Regiment]]
* [[26 AD Regiment]]
* [[27 AD Missile Regiment (Amritsar Airfield)]] ([[Akash (missile)|Akash SAM]])
* [[28 AD Regiment (India)|28 AD Regiment]]
* [[29 AD Regiment (Samba) (India)|29 AD Regiment (Samba)]]
* [[45 AD Regiment (Basantar River)]]
* [[46 Air Defence Regiment (India)|46 AD Regiment]]
* [[47 Air Defence Regiment (India)|47 AD Regiment]]
* [[48 AD Regiment (India)|48 AD Regiment]]
* [[49 Air Defence Regiment (India)|49 AD Regiment]]
* [[50 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[103 Air Defence Regiment (India)|103 AD Regiment]]
* [[104 AD Regiment]]
* [[105 AD Regiment]]
* [[107 AD Regiment]]
* [[109 Light AD Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[126 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[127 Light Air Defence Regiment (Composite)|127 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[128 AD Missile Regiment]] ([[Akash (missile)|Akash SAM]])
* [[129 AD Regiment]]
* [[130 AD Regiment (India)|130 AD Regiment]]
* [[131 AD Regiment]]
* [[140 AD Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[142 AD Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[144 AD Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[145 Light AD Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[146 Light AD Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[147 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[148 Light AD Regiment]]
* [[151 Air Defence Regiment (India)|151 AD Regiment (Self Propelled) (Chhamb)]]
* [[152 AD Regiment]]
* [[156 Light AD Missile Regiment (Self propelled)]]
* [[157 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[322 AD Regiment]]
* [[323 AD Regiment]]
* [[325 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[326 Light AD Regiment]]
* [[401 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[402 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[403 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[404 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[405 Light AD Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[406 Gun Missile AD Regiment]]
* [[407 Gun Missile AD Regiment]]
* [[408 Gun Missile AD Regiment]]
* [[436 Air Defence Missile Regiment (India)|436 AD Missile Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[501 AD Group (Self Propelled)]] ([[2K12 Kub|SA-6]])<ref name="SA-6">{{cite web|url=http://www.sipri.org/databases/armstransfers|title=SIPRI Arms Transfers Database|access-date=24 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216034008/http://www.sipri.org/databases/armstransfers/|archive-date=16 December 2014}}</ref>
* [[502 AD Group (Self Propelled)]] ([[2K12 Kub|SA-6]])<ref name="SA-6"/>
* [[503 AD Missile Regiment ]] ([[Barak 8|MR-SAM]])
* [[510 Light AD Missile Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[511 AD Missile Regiment (Self Propelled) (Composite)]]
* [[512 Light AD Missile Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[513 AD Missile Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[514 Air Defence Regiment (India)|514 AD Regiment (Self Propelled)]]
* [[912 Light AD Regiment]]
* [[916 Light AD Regiment (Composite)]]
* [[947 Light AD Regiment]]
* [[707 Target Support Unit]]
* [[708 Target Support Unit]]
* [[252 (Parachute) AD Battery]]
{{div col end}}

=== Corps of Engineers ===
{{main | Indian Army Corps of Engineers }}
The corps was formed from the Sapper and Miner Groups of each of the erstwhile presidencies of British India. The Corps consists of three groups of combat engineers, namely the [[Madras Sappers]], the [[Bengal Sappers]] and the [[Bombay Sappers]]. The list of Engineer regiments is as follows:
{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[1 Armoured Engineer Regiment]]
* [[2 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[3 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[4 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[5 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[6 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[7 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[8 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[9 Rapid (Strike) Engineer Regiment]]
* [[10 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[11 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[12 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[13 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[14 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[15 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[16 Engineer Bridge Regiment]]
* [[17 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[18 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[19 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[20 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[21 Engineer Regiment (India)|21 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[22 Engineer Regiment (India)|22 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[38 Assault Engineer Regiment]]
* [[51 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[52 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[53 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[54 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[55 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[56 Rapid (Strike) Engineer Regiment]]
* [[57 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[58 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[59 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[60 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[61 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[62 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[63 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[64 Assault Engineer Regiment]]
* [[65 Engineer Bridge Regiment]]
* [[66 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[67 Engineer Bridge Regiment]]
* [[68 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[69 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[70 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[71 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[101 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[102 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[103 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[104 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[105 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[106 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[107 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[108 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[109 Rapid (Strike) Engineer Regiment]]
* [[110 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[111 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[112 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[113 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[114 Armoured Engineer Regiment]]
* [[115 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[116 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[117 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[118 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[119 Assault Engineer Regiment]]
* [[120 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[121 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[122 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[201 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[202 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[203 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[234 Armoured Engineer Regiment]]
* [[235 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[236 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[237 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[267 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[268 Engineer Bridge Regiment]]
* [[269 Engineer Regiment]]
* [[270 Engineer Regiment]]

{{div col end}}

===Army Aviation Corps===
{{main | Army Aviation Corps (India) }}
{{see also|List_of_equipment_of_the_Indian_Army#Aircraft|l1=List of aircraft of the Indian Army||l2=}}

The Army Aviation Corps units are designated as 'Squadrons'. Each squadron generally consists of two Reconnaissance (Recce) and Observation Flights. R & O Flights might be part of squadrons or operate independently and do not have a parent squadron (designated by an (I) in their name). The suffix 'UH' stands for Utility Helicopter Flights and 'ALH-WSI' stands for [[HAL Rudra|Advanced Light Helicopter - Weapon Systems Integrated]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/ARMY/units/29-Army-Aviation-Corps.html|title=Army Aviation Corps|date=2006-10-12|access-date=2021-03-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scramble.nl/planning/orbats/india/india-army|title=Indian Army|date=|access-date=2021-03-09}}</ref>
;Squadrons
{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
*[[201 Army Aviation Squadron (UH)]]
*[[202 Army Aviation Squadron (UH)]]
*[[203 Army Aviation Squadron (UH)]]
*[[204 Army Aviation Squadron (UH)]]
*[[205 Army Aviation Squadron (UH)]]
*[[206 Army Aviation Squadron (UH)]]
*[[207 Army Aviation Squadron (UH)]]
*[[209 Army Aviation Squadron (UH)]]
*[[251 Army Aviation Squadron (ALH-WSI)]]
*[[252 Army Aviation Squadron (ALH-WSI)]]
*[[253 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[254 Army Aviation Squadron (ALH-WSI)]]
*[[257 Army Aviation Squadron (ALH-WSI)]]
*[[301 Army Aviation Squadron (Spec Ops)]]
*[[351 Army Aviation Squadron (LCH)]]
*[[451 Army Aviation Squadron (AH-64E)]]
*[[659 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[660 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[661 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[662 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[663 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[664 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[665 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[666 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[667 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[668 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[669 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[670 Army Aviation Squadron]]
*[[671 Army Aviation Squadron]]
{{div col end}}

;Flights
{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
*[[1 (I) R&O Flight]]
*[[2 R&O Flight]]
*[[3 R&O Flight]]
*[[4 R&O Flight]]
*[[5 R&O Flight]]
*[[6 R&O Flight]]
*[[7 R&O Flight]]
*[[8 R&O Flight]]
*[[9 R&O Flight]]
*[[10 R&O Flight]]
*[[11 R&O Flight]]
*[[12 (I) R&O Flight]]
*[[13 R&O Flight]]
*[[14 R&O Flight]]
*[[15 R&O Flight]]
*[[16 R&O Flight]]
*[[17 R&O Flight]]
*[[18 R&O Flight]]
*[[19 R&O Flight]]
*[[20 R&O Flight]]
*[[21 R&O Flight]]
*[[22 (I) R&O Flight]]
*[[23 (I) R&O Flight]]
*[[24 R&O Flight]]
*[[25 R&O Flight]]
*[[26 R&O Flight]]
*[[27 (I) R&O Flight]]
*[[28 R&O Flight]]
*[[29 R&O Flight]]
*[[30 (I) R&O Flight]]
*[[31 R&O Flight]]
*[[32 R&O Flight]]
*[[33 R&O Flight]]
*[[34 R&O Flight]]
*[[35 R&O Flight]]
*[[58 RPA Flight]]
*[[37 (I) R&O Flight]]
*[[38 (I) R&O Flight]]
*[[39 (I) R&O Flight]]
*[[40 (I) R&O Flight]]
*[[1 (I) UH Flight]]
*[[2 (I) UH Flight]]
*[[2011 UH Flight]]
*[[2012 UH Flight]]
*[[2021 UH Flight]]
*[[2022 UH Flight]]
*[[2031 UH Flight]]
*[[2032 UH Flight]]
*[[2041 UH Flight]]
*[[2042 UH Flight]]
*[[2051 UH Flight]]
*[[2052 UH Flight]]
*[[2061 UH Flight]]
*[[2062 UH Flight]]
*[[2071 UH Flight]]
*[[2072 UH Flight]]
*[[2511 ALH-WSI Flight]]
*[[2512 ALH-WSI Flight]]
*[[2521 ALH-WSI Flight]]
*[[2522 ALH-WSI Flight]]
*[[2571 ALH-WSI Flight]]
*[[2572 ALH-WSI Flight]]
{{div col end}}

=== Corps of Signals ===
{{Main|Indian Army Corps of Signals}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==See also==
* [[Military of India]]
* [[Paramilitary forces of India]]
* [[Women in Indian Armed Forces]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indian Army Infantry Regiments}}
{{Indian Army Armoured Corps}}

[[Category:Regiments of the Indian Army| ]]
[[Category:Lists of military units and formations of India|Regiments]]

Kaavaalaa

2026-01-19T23:23:27Z

User3465346: made a pg...

{{Unreliable sources|date=September 2024}}
{{use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox song
| name = Kaavaalaa
| type = single
| cover = Kaavaalaa song.jpg
| caption = Official song cover
| artist = [[Shilpa Rao]]
| album = [[Jailer (soundtrack)|Jailer]]
| language = {{hlist|Tamil|Telugu}}
| released = {{Start date|df=yes|2023|07|06}}
| recorded = March–April 2023
| studio = {{hlist|Albuquerque Records, [[Chennai]]|[[AM Studios]], Chennai|Studio DMI, [[Las Vegas]]}}
| genre = {{hlist|[[Electronic dance music|EDM]]|[[Dappankuthu|Kuthu]]|[[Pop music|pop]]}}
| length = 3:10
| label = [[Sun Pictures]]
| composer = [[Anirudh Ravichander]]
| lyricist = [[Arunraja Kamaraj]]
| producer = [[Anirudh Ravichander]]
| tracks = # "'''Kaavaalaa'''"
# "Jailer Theme"
# "Rathamaarey"
# "Muthuvel Pandian Theme"
# "[[Hukum – Thalaivar Alappara]]"
# "Jailer Drill"
# "Jujubee"
# "Alappara Theme"
| misc = {{Extra chronology
| artist = [[Shilpa Rao]]
| type = single
| prev_title = Numaani
| prev_title2 =
| prev_year = 2023
| title = Kaavaalaa
| title2 =
| year = 2023
| next_title = [[Chaleya]]
| next_title2 =
| next_year = 2023
}}
{{External music video|type=single|{{YouTube|id=lM8h5Mm6ODo|title="Kaavaalaa"}}
}}
}}

"'''Kaavaalaa'''" ({{Translation|Do you want?}}) is an Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language song composed by [[Anirudh Ravichander]], written by [[Arunraja Kamaraj]] and performed by [[Shilpa Rao]], for the [[Jailer (soundtrack)|soundtrack album]] of the 2023 film ''[[Jailer (2023 Tamil film)|Jailer]]'', starring [[Rajinikanth]] and written and directed by [[Nelson Dilipkumar]] for [[Sun Pictures]]. It was released on 6 July 2023 as the lead single from the album through the production house.

== Composition and recording ==
"Kaavaalaa" opens with a [[flute]] interlude that occurs predominantly to provide an [[Afrobeat]]-kind of music.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2y3BBDPtigM |title=Jailer Songs - Decoded by Anirudh {{!}} Jailer Unlocked - Jailer Making {{!}} Streaming now on Sun NXT |date=2024-08-26 |type=Video |language=ta |time=2:45 |access-date=2024-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240905233552/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2y3BBDPtigM |archive-date=2024-09-05 |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}</ref> The [[humming]] after the [[Hook (music)|hook]] line shared similarities with that of "Aadaludan Paadalai Kettu" from ''[[Kudiyirundha Koyil]]'' (1968).<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2y3BBDPtigM |title=Jailer Songs - Decoded by Anirudh {{!}} Jailer Unlocked - Jailer Making {{!}} Streaming now on Sun NXT |date=2024-08-26 |type=Video |language=ta |time=3:05 |access-date=2024-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240905233552/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2y3BBDPtigM |archive-date=2024-09-05 |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}</ref>

It was recorded during the end of March 2023, when Anirudh had recorded the female portions for the song "[[Chaleya]]" with [[Shilpa Rao]] at a [[jam session]] in his own studio.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Mallik |first=Prattusa |date=5 October 2023 |title=EXCL: Shilpa Rao opens up on her musical career beyond Bollywood |url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/culture/music/2023/Oct/05/beyond-bollywood-shilpa-rao-opens-upon-her-musical-career-beyond-the-mainstream-53916.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902153409/https://www.indulgexpress.com/culture/music/2023/Oct/05/beyond-bollywood-shilpa-rao-opens-upon-her-musical-career-beyond-the-mainstream-53916.html |archive-date=2 September 2024 |access-date=2 September 2024 |website=Indulgexpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-07-05 |title=I still ask Anirudh why he thought of me for 'Kaavalaa': Shilpa Rao |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/i-still-ask-anirudh-why-he-thought-of-me-for-kaavalaa-shilpa-rao/articleshow/111505485.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801184603/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/i-still-ask-anirudh-why-he-thought-of-me-for-kaavalaa-shilpa-rao/articleshow/111505485.cms |archive-date=2024-08-01 |access-date=2024-09-17 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Impressed by her vocals, Anirudh had insisted on Rao recording the track as he found her vocals being too apt for it. As Rao's first song in Tamil after a decade, she was assisted with the pronunciation which "[made] the recording really enjoyable".<ref name=":0" />

Rao was shown the footage of the song, so that she could get the tone correct. She received the tune first so that she could rehearse the lyrics for two days and had recorded the song within an hour.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2023-07-10 |title=Originally, Rajini sir was not to be a part of Kaavalaa |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/interviews/2023/jul/10/originally-rajini-sir-was-not-to-be-a-part-of-kaavalaa-45489.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822131536/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/interviews/2023/jul/10/originally-rajini-sir-was-not-to-be-a-part-of-kaavalaa-45489.html |archive-date=22 August 2023 |access-date=2023-08-18 |website=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref>

== Lyrics ==
The lyrics for the song was written by [[Arunraja Kamaraj]], who previously associated with Anirudh on writing lyrics for "Im So Cool" and "Shake That" from ''[[Kaaki Sattai]]'' (2015), "Kannula Thimiru" from ''[[Darbar (film)|Darbar]]'' (2020) and "Kutti Story" from ''[[Master (2021 film)|Master]]'' (2021).<ref name=":1" /> Anirudh wanted to experiment with the song, as if it must be a song with Telugu lyrics, being written by a non-Telugu person.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOqzSY_0exI |title=Behind the Groove: Anirudh about the Making of Kaavaalaa! |date=2023-08-16 |type=Television production |language=Tamil |publisher=Sun TV |access-date=2023-08-18}}</ref> Kamaraj had performed songs in five languages, which made him easier to write a song with catchphrases from various languages. After sorting out various phonetics, he found "Kaavaalaa" to be catchy and eventually becoming the hook line of the track.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Federal |first=The |date=2023-07-16 |title=Kaavaalaa: Viral song from Jailer latest to try mish-mash of languages |url=https://thefederal.com/entertainment/kaavaalaa-viral-song-not-dancing-to-any-new-tune-with-mish-mash-of-telugu-tamil-lyrics/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822131509/https://thefederal.com/entertainment/kaavaalaa-viral-song-not-dancing-to-any-new-tune-with-mish-mash-of-telugu-tamil-lyrics/ |archive-date=22 August 2023 |access-date=2023-08-18 |website=The Federal}}</ref>

According to Kamaraj, he described it as a bilingual song as it mixed Telugu lyrics with Tamil lines.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> Since the song was written only for Bhatia's character, he tried to approach the lyrics without the "Rajini filter" but eventually surprised to see him being a part of the song.<ref name=":1" /> He wrote the entire lyrics for the song within 30 minutes.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sU8CbCYJTwA |title=அரைமணி நேரத்துல பாட்டு எழுதினேன்: Arunraja Kamaraj Interview {{!}} Kaavaalaa, Jailer, Rajini {{!}} Naa Ready |date=2023-07-07 |type=Interview |language=ta |publisher=IndiaGlitz |trans-title=I wrote the song within 30 minutes: Arunraja Kamaraj Interview {{!}} Kaavaalaa, Jailer, Rajini {{!}} Naa Ready |access-date=2024-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240917152334/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sU8CbCYJTwA |archive-date=2024-09-17 |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}</ref>

== Music video ==
The song was filmed at the [[Ramoji Film City]] in Hyderabad during a brief schedule from 29 May to 1 June 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 May 2023 |title='Jailer': Rajinikanth films for a short schedule |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/jailer-rajinikanth-films-for-a-short-schedule/articleshow/100590590.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603003632/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/jailer-rajinikanth-films-for-a-short-schedule/articleshow/100590590.cms |archive-date=3 June 2023 |access-date=1 September 2024 |work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2023 |title=Rajinikanth, Tamannaah Bhatia wrap 'Jailer' shoot with a giant cake, see pics! |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/regional-indian-cinema-news/article/jailer-wrap-up-party-rajinikanth-tamannaah-bhatia-wrap-jailer-shoot-with-a-giant-cake-see-pics-23289946 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705040504/https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/regional-indian-cinema-news/article/jailer-wrap-up-party-rajinikanth-tamannaah-bhatia-wrap-jailer-shoot-with-a-giant-cake-see-pics-23289946 |archive-date=5 July 2023 |access-date=2 June 2023 |website=[[Mid-Day]] |language=en}}</ref> It featured Rajinikanth and Bhatia, with [[Sunil (actor)|Sunil]], [[Sunil Reddy]], [[Redin Kingsley]] and Jaffer Sadiq also appearing. Jani Master choreographed the song.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=6 July 2023 |title='Kaavaalaa': Rajinikanth, Tamannaah shake a leg in this peppy first single from 'Jailer' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kaavaalaa-rajinikanth-tamannaah-shake-a-leg-in-this-peppy-first-single-from-jailer/article67049278.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230706131547/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kaavaalaa-rajinikanth-tamannaah-shake-a-leg-in-this-peppy-first-single-from-jailer/article67049278.ece |archive-date=6 July 2023 |access-date=6 July 2023 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

== Marketing and release ==
The song was teased with a [[Promotional video|promo video]] featuring Nelson, Anirudh and Kamaraj that was released on 3 July 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 July 2023 |title='Jailer' first single promo: 'Kaavaalaa' is a fun-filled talk between Anirudh and Nelson |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/jailer-first-single-promo-kaavaalaa-is-a-fun-filled-talk-between-anirudh-and-nelson/articleshow/101478354.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808161943/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/jailer-first-single-promo-kaavaalaa-is-a-fun-filled-talk-between-anirudh-and-nelson/articleshow/101478354.cms?from=mdr |archive-date=8 August 2023 |access-date=8 August 2023 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> It was released as the lead single from the album on 6 July, accompanied with a lyrical video featuring snippets from the song.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=6 July 2023 |title=Jailer song Kaavaalaa: Tamannaah Bhatia and Rajinikanth shake a leg to Anirudh Ravichander's new catchy song |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/kaavaalaa-from-jailer-tamannaah-anirudh-ravichander-rajinikanth-8790080/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709123717/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/kaavaalaa-from-jailer-tamannaah-anirudh-ravichander-rajinikanth-8790080/ |archive-date=9 July 2023 |access-date=8 August 2023 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> The video song was released on 6 September.

It was also released in Telugu as "Kaavaali", in Hindi as "Tu Aa Dilbara", in Kannada as "Kaavaalaayya", and in Malayalam under the same title, with Sindhuja Srinivasan performing all the versions in place of Shilpa Rao. The Telugu version was supposed to release along with an event at CMR College in [[Hyderabad]] on 26 July, cancelled due to the heavy rains, and instead released directly through digital platforms.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-27 |title=Release Of Jailer's Kaavaalaa Telugu Version At CMR College cancelled, Out On YouTube |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/release-of-jailers-kaavaalaa-telugu-version-at-cmr-college-cancelled-out-on-youtube-8440195.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822135000/https://www.news18.com/movies/release-of-jailers-kaavaalaa-telugu-version-at-cmr-college-cancelled-out-on-youtube-8440195.html |archive-date=22 August 2023 |access-date=2023-08-18 |website=News18}}</ref> However, a promotional event was held to release the song's Hindi version in [[Mumbai]] on 27 July.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-27 |title=Can't get enough of Kaavaalaa? Tamannaah Bhatia's viral track from Rajinikanth's Jailer gets a Hindi version |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/cant-get-enough-of-kaavaalaa-tamannaah-bhatias-viral-track-from-rajinikanths-jailer-gets-a-hindi-version-1232332 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822135002/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/cant-get-enough-of-kaavaalaa-tamannaah-bhatias-viral-track-from-rajinikanths-jailer-gets-a-hindi-version-1232332 |archive-date=22 August 2023 |access-date=2023-08-18 |website=PINKVILLA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-27 |title=Tamannaah Bhatia launches the Hindi version of Kaavaalaa from Rajinikanth's Jailer |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/news/tamannaah-bhatia-launches-the-hindi-version-of-kaavaalaa-from-rajinikanths-jailer |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822135005/https://www.filmcompanion.in/news/tamannaah-bhatia-launches-the-hindi-version-of-kaavaalaa-from-rajinikanths-jailer |archive-date=22 August 2023 |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=[[Film Companion]]}}</ref>

== Reception ==
Meera Venugopal of ''[[Radio Mirchi]]'' described it as "one of the most delightful item tracks in recent times".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anirudh Ravichanders album for Rajinikanths Jailer is a tribute to the superstar |url=https://mirchi.in/stories/music/rajinikanths-jailer-music-review/102594787 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818085825/https://mirchi.in/stories/music/rajinikanths-jailer-music-review/102594787 |archive-date=18 August 2023 |access-date=2023-08-18 |website=mirchi.in}}</ref> A critic from ''[[The Indian Express]]'' described it as a "raunchy number" with lyrics that are "more about the rhyming words and less about the meaning."<ref name=":4" /> Anindita Mukherjee of ''[[India Today]]'' wrote "Tamannaah Bhatia owns the track and makes it her own with her sizzling moves."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mukherjee |first=Anindita |date=2023-07-06 |title=Kaavaalaa from Jailer out. Tamannaah, Rajinikanth's chemistry is top-notch |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kaavaalaa-jailer-first-song-out-tamannaah-bhatia-rajinikanth-nelson-dilipkumar-anirudh-ravichander-2402867-2023-07-06 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230706125826/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/kaavaalaa-jailer-first-song-out-tamannaah-bhatia-rajinikanth-nelson-dilipkumar-anirudh-ravichander-2402867-2023-07-06 |archive-date=2023-07-06 |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> ''[[DT Next]]'' wrote: "The percussion-heavy peppy song has been well-staged in a colourful set. Arunraja Kamaraj just came up with the right ingredients needed for the lyrics to be instantly attractive. Jani Master's choreography too is on the mark."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-06 |title=Jailer first single: Tamannaah and Rajini on song in the peppy 'Kaavaalaa' |url=https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/jailer-first-single-tamannaah-and-rajini-on-song-in-the-peppy-kaavaalaa-722634 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240917170254/https://www.dtnext.in/news/cinema/jailer-first-single-tamannaah-and-rajini-on-song-in-the-peppy-kaavaalaa-722634 |archive-date=2024-09-17 |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=DT Next |language=en}}</ref> In his year-ender review for ''[[Scroll.in]]'', Devarsi Ghosh mentioned the song which "scores for its tune, beats, and Shilpa Rao's uncharacteristic star turn in an item song."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ghosh |first=Devarsi |date=2023-12-26 |title=2023 year ender: The best music in films and web series |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1061079/2023-year-ender-the-best-music-in-films-and-web-series |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106145541/https://scroll.in/reel/1061079/2023-year-ender-the-best-music-in-films-and-web-series |archive-date=2024-01-06 |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=Scroll.in |language=en}}</ref>

== Impact ==
The lyrical video became viral upon its release crossing 100 million views within a month.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 August 2023 |title=10 கோடி பார்வைகளைக் கடந்து காவாலா பாடல் சாதனை |url=https://www.dinamani.com/cinema/cinema-news/2023/aug/05/jailer-kaavaalaa-lyric-video-reached-10-7-crore-views-on-youtube-4049784.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807060922/https://www.dinamani.com/cinema/cinema-news/2023/aug/05/jailer-kaavaalaa-lyric-video-reached-10-7-crore-views-on-youtube-4049784.html |archive-date=7 August 2023 |access-date=8 August 2023 |website=[[Dinamani]] |language=Tamil}}</ref> The video song of the film was the 6th most-viewed music video of 2023, according to [[YouTube|YouTube Trends]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-18 |title=Vicky Kaushal's Tere Vaste to Rajinikanth's Kaavaalaa: YouTube unveils the top 15 most viewed music videos of 2023 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/vicky-kaushals-tere-vaste-to-rajinikanths-kaavaalaa-youtube-unveils-the-top-15-most-viewed-music-videos-of-2023-9072731/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225001221/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/vicky-kaushals-tere-vaste-to-rajinikanths-kaavaalaa-youtube-unveils-the-top-15-most-viewed-music-videos-of-2023-9072731/ |archive-date=2023-12-25 |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-13 |title=YouTube Trends 2023: 'Tere Vaaste', 'Kaavaalaa' music videos top list |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/youtube-trends-2023-tere-vaaste-kaavaalaa-music-videos-top-list/article67630831.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218003104/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/youtube-trends-2023-tere-vaaste-kaavaalaa-music-videos-top-list/article67630831.ece |archive-date=2023-12-18 |access-date=2024-09-17 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> It was also one of the ten-most searched regional songs searched on [[Amazon Alexa]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Deepali |date=2024-02-16 |title=Naatu Naatu, Kaavaalaa, Khalasi among top 10 most-searched regional songs on Alexa |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/trends/entertainment/naatu-naatu-kaavaalaa-khalasi-among-top-10-regional-songs-searched-on-alexa-12287511.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240710080708/https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/trends/entertainment/naatu-naatu-kaavaalaa-khalasi-among-top-10-regional-songs-searched-on-alexa-12287511.html |archive-date=2024-07-10 |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=Moneycontrol}}</ref>

The hook step performed by Bhatia went viral upon social media,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Tamannaah's hook steps in 'Kaavaalaa' takes internet by storm. Fans call her Indian Shakira |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/music/2023/07/11/tamannah-jailer-tamil-movie-anirudh-indian-shakira-comparison-kaavaalaa.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230809033840/https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/music/2023/07/11/tamannah-jailer-tamil-movie-anirudh-indian-shakira-comparison-kaavaalaa.html |archive-date=9 August 2023 |access-date=9 August 2023 |website=[[Onmanorama]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-08 |title=Tamannaah Bhatia Grooves To 'Kavaalaa' From Jailer, Fans Call It 'Better Than The Original'; Watch |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/tamannaah-bhatia-grooves-to-kavaalaa-from-jailer-fans-call-it-better-than-the-original-watch-8285107.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822134958/https://www.news18.com/movies/tamannaah-bhatia-grooves-to-kavaalaa-from-jailer-fans-call-it-better-than-the-original-watch-8285107.html |archive-date=22 August 2023 |access-date=2023-08-18 |website=News18}}</ref> resulting in numerous recreations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-28 |title=WATCH: Woman Recreates Kaavaalaa's Hook Step, Fans Tag Tamannaah Bhatia |url=https://www.news18.com/viral/watch-woman-recreates-kaavaalaas-hook-step-fans-tag-tamannaah-bhatia-8448115.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801142123/https://www.news18.com/viral/watch-woman-recreates-kaavaalaas-hook-step-fans-tag-tamannaah-bhatia-8448115.html |archive-date=2023-08-01 |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Korean men's dance to Tamannaah Bhatia and Rajinikanth's Kaavaalaa goes viral |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/korean-mens-dance-to-tamannaah-bhatia-and-rajinikanths-kaavaalaa-goes-viral-60580.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822134438/https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/korean-mens-dance-to-tamannaah-bhatia-and-rajinikanths-kaavaalaa-goes-viral-60580.html |archive-date=22 August 2023 |access-date=2023-08-18 |website=Filmfare}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-21 |title=Kaavaalaa Craze Continues: 5 Viral Videos Setting Internet Ablaze |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/viral/tamannaah-bhatia-kaavaalaa-craze-continues-5-viral-videos-setting-internet-ablaze-article-102913609 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240917174221/https://www.timesnownews.com/viral/tamannaah-bhatia-kaavaalaa-craze-continues-5-viral-videos-setting-internet-ablaze-article-102913609 |archive-date=2024-09-17 |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref> Some of them includes versions [[Vijay Varma]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vijay Varma Dances To Girlfriend Tamannaah's Kaavaalaa Song With Salman Khan |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/vijay-varma-performs-kaavaalaa-hook-step-on-bigg-boss-ott-s-weekend-va-vaar-episode-4255923 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901215338/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/vijay-varma-performs-kaavaalaa-hook-step-on-bigg-boss-ott-s-weekend-va-vaar-episode-4255923 |archive-date=2023-09-01 |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=NDTV |language=en}}</ref> and [[Ragini Dwivedi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-17 |title=Watch: Ragini Dwivedi Grooves To Jailer's Trending Song Kaavaalaa But With A Twist |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/watch-ragini-dwivedi-grooves-to-jailers-trending-song-kaavaalaa-but-with-a-twist-8357071.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718055524/https://www.news18.com/movies/watch-ragini-dwivedi-grooves-to-jailers-trending-song-kaavaalaa-but-with-a-twist-8357071.html |archive-date=2023-07-18 |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>

== Credits ==
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* Anirudh Ravichander – composer, arranger, programmer, keyboard, synth and rhythm
* Shilpa Rao – vocal
* Arunraja Kamaraj – lyricist
* Navin – flute, woodwinds
* Vedha – morsing
* Ananthakrrishnan – music advisor, violin
* Shashank Vijay – rhythm, darbuka
* Kalyan – rhythm
* Arish – keyboard
* Pradeep PJ – keyboard
* Srinivasan M – recording and mixing engineer (Albuquerque Records, Chennai)
* Shivakiran S – recording engineer (Albuquerque Records, Chennai)
* Pradeep Baskaran – recording engineer (AM Studios, Chennai)
* Sathya Narayanan – recording engineer (AM Studios, Chennai)
* Ainul Haq – recording engineer (AM Studios, Chennai)
* Sathish V Saravanan – recording engineer (AM Studios, Chennai)
* Vinay Sridhar – mixing engineer (Albuquerque Records, Chennai)
* Luca Pretolesi – mastering engineer (Studio DMI, Las Vegas)
* Alistair Pintus – mastering assistance
* Sajith Satya – creative consultant
* Velavan B – music co-ordinator
{{div col end}}

== Chart performance ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! class="unsortable" | Chart
! class="unsortable" | Peak position
|-
! scope="row" |[[Billboard India Songs|India]] (''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'')<ref name=":10">{{cite magazine |date=26 August 2023 |title=India Songs |url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/india-songs-hotw/2023-08-26/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240917181507/https://www.billboard.com/charts/india-songs-hotw/2023-08-26/ |archive-date=17 September 2024 |access-date=17 September 2024 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref>
{{small|''Kaavaalaa''}}
|22
|-
! scope="row" |[[Asian Music Chart]] ([[Official Charts Company|OCC]])<ref>{{cite web |date=14 July 2023 |title=Asian Music Chart Top 40: 14 July 2023 |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/asian-music-chart/20230714/asian/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231229212620/https://www.officialcharts.com/charts/asian-music-chart/20230714/asian/ |archive-date=29 December 2023 |access-date=17 September 2024 |website=[[Official Charts Company]] |language=en}}</ref>
|12
|}

== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|-
! scope="col" | Award
! scope="col" | Date of ceremony
! scope="col" | Category
! scope="col" | Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
! scope="col" | Result
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Ref.}}
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2" |[[Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards]]
| rowspan="2" |22 June 2024
|Best Female Playback Singer
|[[Shilpa Rao]]
| {{nom}}
| align="center" rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2024 |title=Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards 2023 |url=https://awards.vikatan.com/cinema-awards |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521163957/https://awards.vikatan.com/cinema-awards |archive-date=21 May 2024 |access-date=23 August 2024 |website=Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards}}</ref>
|-
|Best Lyricist
|[[Arunraja Kamaraj]]
| {{nom}}
|-
! scope="row" |[[Filmfare Awards South]]
|[[69th Filmfare Awards South|3 August 2024]]
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil|Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Shilpa Rao]]
| {{nom}}
| align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-03 |title=Nominations for the 69th Filmfare Awards South 2024 – Tamil |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2024/tamil/nominations |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240804115118/https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2024/tamil/nominations |archive-date=2024-08-04 |access-date=2024-08-23 |website=Filmfare}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |[[IIFA Utsavam]]
|[[3rd IIFA Utsavam|27 September 2024]]
|Playback Singer – Female
| {{nom}}
| align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-21 |title=IIFA 2024 Utsavam unveils nominations, honouring the diversity of South Indian cinema |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/iifa-2024-utsavam-unveils-nominations-honouring-the-diversity-of-south-indian-cinema-13806739.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240821060722/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/iifa-2024-utsavam-unveils-nominations-honouring-the-diversity-of-south-indian-cinema-13806739.html |archive-date=2024-08-21 |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=Firstpost |language=en-us}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Anirudh Ravichander}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2023 songs]]
[[Category:Songs written for films]]
[[Category:Songs written for Tamil films]]
[[Category:Songs with music by Anirudh Ravichander]]
[[Category:Shilpa Rao songs]]
[[Category:Electronic dance music songs]]
[[Category:Pop songs]]

DRDO espionage case

2026-01-01T20:25:33Z

User3465346: stub - done

{{Short description|Indian legal case}}
{{Orphan|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox event
| title = DRDO espionage case
| image =
| caption =
| date = 3 May 2023
| location = [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| coordinates =
| type = [[Espionage]]
| outcome = Ongoing investigation
| reported deaths =
| reported injuries =
| reported missing =
| reported property damage =
| participants = [[Pradeep Kurulkar]]
}}

The '''DRDO espionage case''' is an ongoing investigation by the [[Anti-Terrorism Squad]] (ATS) in [[Maharashtra]], India, into Pradeep Kurulkar, a senior scientist at the [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] (DRDO). It is alleged that the accused scientist, Pradeep Kurulkar who is a director at one of the DRDO labs in [[Pune]], passed [[confidential information]] to a [[Pakistani intelligence]] operative.<ref name="Hindu">{{cite news |title=DRDO scientist arrested for passing sensitive information to Pakistani agent sent to 14-day judicial custody |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/drdo-scientist-arrested-for-passing-sensitive-information-to-pakistani-agent-sent-to-14-day-judicial-custody/article66858183.ece |work=The Hindu |date=16 May 2023 |language=en-IN |access-date=21 May 2023 |archive-date=21 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230521191248/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/drdo-scientist-arrested-for-passing-sensitive-information-to-pakistani-agent-sent-to-14-day-judicial-custody/article66858183.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Print">{{cite news |last1=Chitnis |first1=Purva |title=Was arrested DRDO scientist honey-trapped? 'Explicit photos, chats' hint at Pakistani spy connection |url=https://theprint.in/india/was-arrested-drdo-scientist-honey-trapped-explicit-photos-chats-hint-at-pakistani-spy-connection/1580367/ |work=ThePrint |date=19 May 2023 |access-date=21 May 2023 |archive-date=21 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230521191255/https://theprint.in/india/was-arrested-drdo-scientist-honey-trapped-explicit-photos-chats-hint-at-pakistani-spy-connection/1580367/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The case is a serious security breach, and it has raised concerns about the safety of India's [[Defence industry of India|defence secrets]] and [[India and weapons of mass destruction|nuclear weapons]].<ref>{{cite news |title=How top DRDO scientist's arrest in honeytrapping case raises questions |url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/current/2023/05/20/drdo-scientist-pradeep-kurulkar-arrest-raises-questions.html |work=The Week |date=21 May 2023 |language=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |archive-date=21 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230521191249/https://www.theweek.in/theweek/current/2023/05/20/drdo-scientist-pradeep-kurulkar-arrest-raises-questions.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Background==
In February 2023, a senior official of the [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]], who was posted at the DRDO's [[Integrated Test Range]] at [[Chandipur, Odisha|Chandipur]], [[Balasore district]] in [[Odisha]], was arrested for allegedly sharing
[[Classified information|secret information]] related to [[Defence industry of India|India's defence sector]] with a Pakistani spy, according to the [[Odisha Police]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Defence Research Official Arrested For Sharing Info With Pakistani Spy |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/defence-research-official-arrested-for-sharing-info-with-pakistani-spy-3811550 |work=NDTV.com |date=24 February 2023 |access-date=21 May 2023 |archive-date=21 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230521191249/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/defence-research-official-arrested-for-sharing-info-with-pakistani-spy-3811550 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Timeline==
On 3 May 2023, Kurulkar was arrested following a complaint filed by a senior officer of the DRDO's Vigilance and Security Department.<ref name="Hindu"/> A probe by the DRDO's internal standing committee and a [[forensic]] report, found that he had allegedly been in contact with a female [[Pakistani intelligence]] operative through [[WhatsApp]] messages, voice and video calls. The ATS also seized Kurulkar's electronic devices, which they say contain evidence of him sharing sensitive information with the Pakistani operative.<ref name="Hindu"/>

Kurulkar has been charged under the [[Official Secrets Act (India)|Official Secrets Act]], which carries a maximum sentence of 14 years in prison. He has denied the charges, claiming that he was [[Honey trapping|honey-trapped]] by the Pakistani operative.<ref name="Hindu"/>

Kurulkar holding a [[diplomatic passport]] had allegedly travelled to five to six countries.<ref name="Hindu"/>

On 4 May 2023, he was produced before a special court in Pune where his ATS custody was extended for further probe till 9 May 2023.<ref>{{cite news |title=DRDO scientist held for 'Pak link' headed key research lab, ATS probing 'foreign visits' in espionage case |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/drdo-scientist-pakistan-link-ats-espionage-8592702/ |work=The Indian Express |date=5 May 2023 |language=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |archive-date=21 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230521191248/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/drdo-scientist-pakistan-link-ats-espionage-8592702/ |url-status=live }}</ref> And again till 15 May 2023.<ref name="Hindu"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Held for 'Pakistan links', DRDO scientist's custody extended till May 15 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/pakistan-drdo-scientist-custody-extended-8600149/ |work=The Indian Express |date=9 May 2023 |language=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |archive-date=21 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230521191254/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/pakistan-drdo-scientist-custody-extended-8600149/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 15 May 2023, the special court extended his police custody till 16 May after the prosecution requested that Kurulkar's mobile phone required to be analysed.<ref name="Hindu"/>

On 16 May 2023, the special court remanded DRDO scientist Kurulkar to a 14-day [[judicial custody]] till 29 May 2023.<ref name="Hindu"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Espionage case: ATS custody over, DRDO scientist to be sent to Yerawada jail |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/espionage-case-drdo-scientist-pradeep-kurulkar-yerawada-jail-8612635/ |work=The Indian Express |date=16 May 2023 |language=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |archive-date=21 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230521191251/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/espionage-case-drdo-scientist-pradeep-kurulkar-yerawada-jail-8612635/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 30 June 2023, the Maharashtra ATS submitted a 1,837-page [[chargesheet]] before a special court.<ref>{{cite news |title=Espionage case: ATS files chargesheet against Kurulkar; DRDO scientist refuses polygraph test |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/pune-espionage-case-ats-chargesheet-drdo-scientist-refuses-polygraph-8694480/ |work=The Indian Express |date=30 June 2023 |language=en |access-date=5 April 2024 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405135641/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/pune-espionage-case-ats-chargesheet-drdo-scientist-refuses-polygraph-8694480/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Banerjee |first1=Shoumojit |title=DRDO scientist arrested for espionage had exploited two women with promise of jobs, says Maharashtra ATS |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/drdo-scientist-arrested-for-espionage-had-exploited-two-women-with-promise-of-jobs-says-maharashtra-ats/article67067967.ece |work=The Hindu |date=11 July 2023 |language=en-IN |access-date=5 April 2024 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405135641/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/drdo-scientist-arrested-for-espionage-had-exploited-two-women-with-promise-of-jobs-says-maharashtra-ats/article67067967.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 7 December 2023, the Pune District and Sessions court rejected the [[bail]] application of Kurulkar.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Inamdar |first1=Nadeem |title=Pune court rejects former DRDO scientist Dr Pradeep Kurulkar's bail application in espionage case |url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/national/pune-court-rejects-former-drdo-scientist-dr-pradeep-kurulkars-bail-application-in-espionage-case |work=National Herald |date=8 December 2023 |language=en |access-date=5 April 2024 |archive-date=5 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240405135650/https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/national/pune-court-rejects-former-drdo-scientist-dr-pradeep-kurulkars-bail-application-in-espionage-case |url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[ISRO espionage case]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)}}

[[Category:2023 in India]]
[[Category:2023 controversies]]
[[Category:Indian military scandals]]
[[Category:Defence Research and Development Organisation]]
[[Category:Espionage scandals and incidents]]

Manjit Sharma Kongbrailatpam

2025-11-30T04:05:25Z

User3465346: New a bio w/ sources

{{short description|Indian footballer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Western name order|Kongbrailatpam Manjit Sharma}}
{{Meitei name|Kongbrailatpam|Manjit|Sharma}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Manjit Sharma
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| fullname = Manjit Sharma Kongbrailatpam
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1996|3|3|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Manipur]], [[India]]
| height = {{height|m=}}
| currentclub = [[FC Bengaluru United|Bengaluru United]]
| clubnumber = 3
| position = [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|Centre-back]]
| youthyears1 =
| youthclubs1 =
| years1 = 2019–2022
| clubs1 = [[NEROCA FC|NEROCA]]
| caps1 = 22
| goals1 = 0
| years2 = 2022–2023
| clubs2 = [[Sudeva Delhi FC|Sudeva Delhi]]
| caps2 = 10
| goals2 = 0
| years3 = 2023–
| clubs3 = [[FC Bengaluru United|Bengaluru United]]
| caps3 = 1
| goals3 = 0
| nationalyears1 =
| nationalteam1 =
| nationalcaps1 =
| nationalgoals1 =
| club-update = 21:09, 27 March 2023 (UTC)
| nationalteam-update =
}}

'''Manjit Sharma Kongbrailatpam''' ({{langx|mni|Kongbrailatpam Manjit Sharma}}, born 3 March 1996) is an Indian professional [[Association football|football]] player who plays as a [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|defender]] for [[I-League 2]] club [[FC Bengaluru United|Bengaluru United]].

== Early life ==
Sharma was born on 3 March 1996 in [[India]]'s [[Northeast India|northeastern state]] of [[Manipur]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=|title=Kongbrailatpam Manjit Sharma - Player Profile|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/players/profile/145465?type=club|access-date=4 January 2021|website=All India Football Federation}}</ref>

== Career ==

=== NEROCA FC ===

==== 2019-20 ====
Sharma signed his first senior contract with [[I-League]] side [[NEROCA F.C.]] He would represent the club in [[2019–20 I-League|2019-20 I-League season]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=NEROCA FC Squad 2019-20|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/te136155/|access-date=4 January 2021|website=www.worldfootball.net}}</ref> Sharma played his debut match on 14 March 2020 against [[Chennai City FC|Chennai City F.C.]] Sharma was started in the lineup for the match.<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 March 2020|title=NEROCA v Chennai City Starting XIs {{!}} I-League|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/neroca-v-chennai-city/lineups/61teqa6tve064rzv5bje8j5gq|access-date=4 January 2021|website=www.goal.com}}</ref> He played the full 90 minutes.<ref>{{Cite web|date=|title=Stats of Kongbrailatpam Sharma|url=https://fbref.com/fr/joueurs/820ed0ca/Kongbrailatpam-Sharma|access-date=4 January 2021|website=FBREF}}</ref> The game finished in a 2–2 draw.<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 March 2020|title=NEROCA vs Chennai City Match Result {{!}} I-League|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2020/03/14/india/i-league/neroca/chennai-city/3183731/|access-date=4 January 2021|website=Soccerway}}</ref> Sharma played just one game in total for the club at the end of the season.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Manjit Sharma - Player Profile|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe660579/manjit-sharma/|access-date=4 January 2021|website=www.worldfootball.net}}</ref>

==== 2020-21 ====
Sharma stayed with club for the [[2020–21 I-League|2020-21 I-League]] season.<ref>{{Cite web|title=NEROCA FC - Squad 2020/2021|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/te136155/|access-date=2021-02-19|website=worldfootball.net|language=en}}</ref> He played his first match of the season on 15 January 2021 against [[TRAU FC]] in a 1–1 draw as a substitute for Khaiminthang Lhungdim.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|last2=|last3=|first3=|date=15 January 2021|title=I-League: NEROCA, TRAU play out 1-1 draw in Imphal derby {{!}} Football News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/i-league-neroca-trau-play-out-1-1-draw-in-imphal-derby/articleshow/80290579.cms|access-date=2021-02-19|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> He started in the lineup for the first time the season against [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan SC]] on 3 February which ended in a 0–0 draw.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mohammedan v NEROCA Starting XIs, 03/02/21, I-League {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/mohammedan-v-neroca/lineups/4x2sfxhrdpkku0jildr3m1ij8|access-date=2021-02-19|website=www.goal.com}}</ref>

==Club statistics==
===Club===
{{updated|27 March 2023}}<ref>{{soccerway|kongbrailatpam-manjit-sharma/645261}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
!rowspan="2"|Club
!rowspan="2"|Season
!colspan="3"|League
!colspan="2"|Cup
!colspan="2"|[[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]]
!colspan="2"|Total
|-
!Division!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals
|-
| rowspan="4" |[[NEROCA FC|NEROCA]]
|[[2019–20 I-League|2019–20]]
| rowspan="3" |[[I-League]]
|1||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |—||1||0
|-
|[[2020–21 I-League|2020–21]]
|9||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |—||9||0
|-
|[[2021–22 I-League|2021–22]]
|12||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |—||12||0
|-
! colspan="2" |NEROCA total
!22!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!22!!0
|-
| rowspan="1" |[[Sudeva Delhi FC|Sudeva Delhi]]
|[[2022–23 I-League|2022–23]]
| rowspan="1" |I-League
|10||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |—||10||0
|-
| rowspan="1" |[[FC Bengaluru United|Bengaluru United]]
|[[2022–23 I-League 2|2022–23]]
| rowspan="1" |[[I-League 2]]
|1||0||0||0|| colspan="2" |—||1||0
|-
! colspan="3" |Career total
!33!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!33!!0
|}
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Soccerway|645261}}
* {{GSA player|kongbrailatpam-sharma/390176}}
* {{FBref player|820ed0ca/Kongbrailatpam-Sharma}}

{{NEROCA F.C. squad}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sharma, Kongbrailatpam Manjit}}
[[Category:1996 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian men's footballers]]
[[Category:NEROCA FC players]]
[[Category:I-League players]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]
[[Category:Men's association football defenders]]
[[Category:Footballers from Manipur]]

Anil Singh (politician)

2025-11-26T15:51:25Z

User3465346: typo fix

{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Multiple issues|{{BLP sources|date=September 2019}}{{more footnotes needed|date=September 2019|blp=yes}}}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image =
| office = Member of [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2025
| predecessor = [[Nitu Kumari]]
| constituency = [[Hisua Assembly constituency|Hisua]]
| term_start1 = 2005
| term_end1 = 2020
| predecessor1 = Aditya Singh
| successor1 = [[Nitu Kumari]]
| constituency1= [[Hisua Assembly constituency|Hisua]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1968|11|11}}
| birth_place = [[Nawada]], [[Bihar]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| spouse = Ragini Devi
| children = 1 son, 1 daughter
| father = Ramsharan Singh
| education = [[Bachelor of Arts]]
| source = https://web.archive.org/web/20240713162041/https://vidhansabha.bih.nic.in//pdf/member_profile/236.pdf
}}
'''Anil Singh''' is an Indian politician and member of [[Bihar Legislative Assembly|14th]], [[Bihar Legislative Assembly|15th]] and [[Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Bihar|16th Legislative Assembly of Bihar]]. He represented the [[Hisua (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]] in [[Nawada district]] of [[Bihar]]. He is a member of [[Bhartiya Janta Party]] and a social activist.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vidhansabha.bih.nic.in/pdf/list%20of%20member.pdf|title=Member Profile|website=vidhansabha.bih.nic.in |accessdate=15 September 2019}}</ref>
==Early life and education==

Anil Singh was born on 11 November 1967 in Fulma village in Nawada district. He completed his schooling from Bareb High school, then pursued his college studies in political science (BA) from Shri Krishna memorial college, [[Magadh University]].<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.livehindustan.com/lok-sabha-election/story-lok-sabha-vip-seat-nawada-caste-factor-is-heavy-on-development-bjp-have-this-lok-sabha-seat-for-10-years-2453763.html| title = नवादा में विकास पर भारी रहा है जातीय फैक्टर, 10 साल से BJP के खाते में सीट}}</ref>

==Political career==

Anil Singh has won the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] elections three consecutive times in 2005, 2010 and 2015. He is also the core committee member of Bihar [[Bhartiya Janta Party]].
He also holds the post of whip for his party in the State Legislative Assembly.<ref name=" Brief profile ">{{cite news|title=Brief profile|publisher=myneta.info|url=http://myneta.info/bihar2015/candidate.php?candidate_id=24}}</ref> He is also the leader of [[Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha]] in Bihar, which is the youth wing of BJP in the state.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://sanmarglive.com/nawada-763/119498/ | title = Membership Under MLA Anil Singh}}</ref>
He has also been one of the proposers of [[Ram Nath Kovind]] for the Indian Presidential election in 2017 for [[Bhartiya Janta Party]].

==Posts held==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! # !! From !! To !! Position !! Comments
|-
| 01 || 2005 || 2010 || Member, [[October 2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]] ||
|-
| 02 || 2010 || 2015 || Member, [[2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]] ||
|-
| 03 || 2015 || 2020 || Member, [[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]] ||
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.jagran.com/bihar/nawada-panchu-talab-18681316.html]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Anil}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bihar MLAs 2015–2020]]
[[Category:1967 births]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Bihar]]
[[Category:Bihar MLAs 2025–2030]]

{{Bihar-BJP-politician-stub}}

Atal Pedestrian Bridge

2025-11-19T16:19:42Z

User3465346:

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox bridge
| name = Atal Pedestrian Bridge
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Atal_Pedestrian_Bridge_at_Night.jpg
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption = At night
| coordinates = {{coord|region:IN-GJ_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| carries = Pedestrians
| crosses = [[Sabarmati River]]
| locale = [[Sabarmati Riverfront]], [[Ahmedabad]], Gujarat, India
| other_name = Atal Foot Over Bridge
| named_for = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| owner = [[Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation]]
| maint =
| heritage =
| id =
| id_type =
| website =
| preceded =
| followed =
| design = [[pedestrian bridge|Pedestrian]] [[truss bridge]]
| material = Concrete
| material1 = Steel
| material2 =
| length = {{Convert|300|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| width = {{Convert|10|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} to {{Convert|14|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| height =
| depth =
| traversable =
| towpath =
| mainspan = {{Convert|100|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| number_spans =
| piers_in_water = 4
| load =
| clearance_above =
| clearance_below =
| life =
| architect =
| designer =
| contracted_designer =
| winner = STUP Consultants
| engineering =
| builder = P & R Infraprojects Ltd.
| fabricator =
| begin = 2018
| complete = 2022
| cost = {{INRConvert|74|c}}
| open =
| inaugurated ={{start date|2022|08|27|df=y}}
| rebuilt =
| collapsed =
| closed =
| replaces =
| traffic =
| toll = 
|mapframe=yes
| mapframe-zoom = 14
| mapframe-marker =
}}
'''Atal Pedestrian Bridge''' is a [[pedestrian bridge|pedestrian]] [[truss bridge|triangular truss bridge]] at [[Sabarmati Riverfront]] on [[Sabarmati River]] in [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]], [[India]]. It has a design inspired by [[International Kite Festival in Gujarat – Uttarayan|kites]]. Inaugurated in 2022, it is {{convert|300|m}} long and {{convert|10|m}} to {{convert|14|m}} wide.

==History==
[[File:Atal Pedestrian Bridge.jpg|thumb|Under construction in June 2021|left]]
On 21 March 2018, a steel [[Footbridge|foot overbridge]] (pedestrian bridge) was approved by the Sabarmati Riverfront Development Corporation Ltd (SRFDCL) connecting both banks of Sabarmati river, at a cost of {{INRconvert|74|c}}.<ref name="a1"/><ref name="a2"/> The [[Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation]] named it after former Indian Prime Minister [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] on his birth anniversary on 25 December 2021.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |last3= |first3= |date=2021-12-24 |title=Ahmedabad: Bridge named after Vajpayee |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/bridge-named-after-vajpayee/articleshow/88461644.cms |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> The construction was completed by June 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-19 |title=Congress declares Atal Bridge open, protesting delay in inauguration |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/ahmedabad/congress-declares-atal-bridge-open-protesting-delay-in-inauguration-8039865/ |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2nd phase of Sabarmati Riverfront Development to be completed by 2027 |url=https://ahmedabadmirror.com/2nd-phase-of-sabarmati-riverfront-development-to-be-completed-by-2027/81827373.html |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=Ahmedabad Mirror |language=en}}</ref> On 27 August 2022, it was inaugurated by Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-27 |title=PM Modi to launch 'Atal Bridge': All about foot overbridge on Sabarmati river |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pm-modi-to-launch-atal-bridge-all-about-foot-overbridge-on-sabarmati-river-101661562758804.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2022-08-27 |title=PM Modi inaugurates Atal Bridge on Sabarmati river, pays impromptu visit later |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pm-modi-inaugurates-atal-bridge-on-sabarmati-river-in-ahmedabad-101661605107787.html |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>

==Architecture==
[[File:Foot bridge at Ahmedabad Sabarmati Riverfront.jpg|thumb|Steel frames and coloured fabric panel shades of the bridge|left]]

The bridge is located between Sardar Bridge and [[Ellis Bridge]].<ref name=":0" /> It is designed by STUP Consultants Ltd based in Mumbai and built by P&R Infraprojects Ltd.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |last3= |first3=04:06 |date=2020-09-17 |title=Riverfront foot overbridge gets a leg-up |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/riverfront-foot-overbridge-gets-a-leg-up/articleshow/78155233.cms |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

The design is inspired by [[International Kite Festival in Gujarat – Uttarayan|kite festival]] organised in the city.<ref name="a1" /><ref name="a2" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" />

It is a single span steel [[truss bridge]] with two additional foundations. The cross section of the truss has [[rhombus]] shape similar to kites. The elevation of the truss gives impression of an arch which is supported on spherical bearings on each end. The depth of the truss varies across the length. The bridge is shaded by colourful fabric panels with colours inspired by kites. They protect people from harsh climate.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Heggade |first=V. N. |date=February 2022 |title=A Vision to Conceptual Design of Bridges |url=https://www.cecr.in/bridges-1/a-vision-to-conceptual-design-of-bridges |journal=Civil Engineering & Construction Review |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=32–44 |issn=0975-9034 |access-date=2022-07-29}}</ref> 2600 metric tonnes of steel pipes were used in its construction. The railings are made of steel and glass.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-27 |title=This is Not Europe or America: Its Newly Built 'Atal Bridge' In Ahmedabad |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/atal-bridge-all-about-foot-overbridge-on-sabarmati-river-in-ahmedabad-578228.html |access-date=2022-08-30 |website=IndiaTimes |language=en-IN}}</ref> It is lit by [[Light-emitting diode|LED]] lights.<ref name=":3" />

It is {{convert|300|m}} long and {{convert|10|m}} to {{convert|14|m}} wide.<ref name="a1">{{Cite web |date=2020-09-17 |title=Riverfront foot overbridge gets a leg-up |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/riverfront-foot-overbridge-gets-a-leg-up/articleshow/78155233.cms |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref name="a2">{{Cite web |date=2020-07-15 |title=In photos: A new river bridge for walkers only under construction at Sabarmati Riverfront |url=https://www.deshgujarat.com/2020/07/15/in-photos-a-new-river-bridge-for-walkers-only-under-construction-at-sabarmati-riverfront/ |access-date=2021-02-22 |website=DeshGujarat |language=en-US}}</ref> It features two levels of walkways at each end connecting upper and lower promenades of the Sabarmati riverfront.<ref name=":0" /> It connects the flower garden on the west bank to upcoming arts and culture centre on the east bank.<ref name=":3" />

==See also==
* [[Amgen Helix Pedestrian Bridge]]
* [[Bridge of Peace]]
* [[Peace Bridge (Calgary)|Peace Bridge]]
* [[Sudama Setu]]
* [[Tabiat Bridge]]
* [[Okha–Beyt Dwarka Signature Bridge]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{commons category}}

{{Ahmedabad topics |state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Ahmedabad]]
[[Category:Pedestrian bridges in India]]
[[Category:Bridges in Gujarat]]
[[Category:Steel bridges]]
[[Category:Bridges completed in 2022]]
[[Category:2022 establishments in Gujarat]]
[[Category:Truss bridges in India]]
[[Category:Memorials to Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]

Dhan, Himachal Pradesh

2025-11-13T19:07:41Z

User3465346:

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2017}}
{{coord|32.1319879|75.9903052|display=title}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2017}}
'''Dhan''' is a village in the [[tehsil]] of [[Jawali, Himachal Pradesh]] in India. As of the 2011 census, the village had a population of 1,878 persons in 399 households.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/9159-dhan-himachal-pradesh.html|title=Dhan Population – Kangra, Himachal Pradesh|year=2015|work=Population Census 2011|publisher=Census Organization of India|accessdate=13 September 2017}}</ref> The chief elected official is a [[Sarpanch]].

==Temple==
[[File:Vaishno Devi Mandir, Dhan.png|thumb|Vaishno Devi Mandir in Dhan]]
The [[Vaishno Devi Mandir]] is located in Dhan Village, approximately 2 kilometres from Jawali. The temple is established on 30 November 2012.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://villageinfo.in/himachal-pradesh/kangra/jawali/dhan.html Dhan] at villageinfo.in

{{Kangra district}}

[[Category:Villages in Kangra district]]

Maharashtra Times

2025-09-24T05:24:02Z

User3465346: enhance information additionally and improved wording

{{Short description|Marathi language newspaper in India}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox newspaper
| name = Maharashtra Times
| image = MaharashtraTimesCover.jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| type = Daily [[newspaper]]
| format = [[Broadsheet]]
| founded = {{start date and age|df=y|1962|06|18}}
| owners = [[The Times Group]]
| publisher = [[The Times Group]]
| editor = Parag Karandikar
| headquarters = Mumbai, Maharashtra
| language = [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| circulation = 1,000,000 daily
| sister_newspapers = ''[[The Economic Times]]'' ''[[Navbharat Times]]'' ''[[The Times of India]]'' ''[[Ei Samay]]'' ''[[Mumbai Mirror]]'' ''[[Vijaya Karnataka]]''
| ISSN =
| oclc =
| website = {{URL|https://maharashtratimes.com/}}
}}

'''''Maharashtra Times''''' ({{langx|mr|महाराष्ट्र टाइम्स}}), colloquially referred to as 'Ma Ta' (मटा) from its Marathi [[initialism]], is a [[Marathi language|Marathi]] newspaper based in Mumbai, India.<ref>{{Cite web | title="Maharashtra Times Brand Stories, Press Release and News − Mediawire.in" | url=https://www.mediawire.in/user/corporate/Maharashtra-Times992 | access-date=2025-08-09 | website=www.mediawire.in}}</ref> It is one of the largest selling daily Marathi newspapers in the country and part of The Times of India group.

According to the IRS 2005 survey, ''Maharashtra Times'' enjoys the second largest readership in Mumbai. Other than ''[[The Times of India]]'', ''Maharashtra Times'' is the only newspaper in Mumbai which has more than one million readers in the city.

==Editions==
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! Edition
! Started
! Closed
! Supplements
|-
| [[Ahmednagar]]
| 21 November 2013
| rowspan="2"| 13 May 2020
| Ahmednagar Times
|-
| [[Jalgaon]]
| 20 August 2013
| Jalgaon Times
|-
| [[Kolhapur]]
| 21 August 2012
| 31 May 2020
| Kolhapur Times
|-
| [[Aurangabad|Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar]]
| 9 December 2011
| rowspan="6"| Ongoing
| Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar Times
|-
| [[Mumbai]]
| 18 June 1962
| Mumbai Times Vasai-Virar Plus
|-
| [[Nagpur]]
| 12 June 2012
| Nagpur Plus
|-
| [[Nashik]]
| 8 June 2011
| Nashik Plus
|-
| [[Pune]]
| 7 January 2011
| Pune Plus Pimpri-Chinchwad Plus
|-
| [[Thane]]
| 18 February 2015
| Thane Plus Navi Mumbai Plus
|}

==Supplements==
# City Times (Mon-Sat)
# Times Property (Saturday)
# Maifal (Saturday)
# Samvad (Sunday)

===Discontinued supplements===
# Pune Times, Nashik Times, Nagpur Times, Thane Vishesh (superseded by newer supplements)

===Ongoing supplements===
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! Supplement
! Started
! Days
|-
| Nagpur Plus
| rowspan="2"| 1 April 2016
| rowspan="3"| Mon-Sat
|-
| Nashik Plus
|-
| Vasai-Virar Plus
| rowspan="2"| 16 March 2020
|-
| Navi Mumbai Plus
| rowspan="4"| Daily
|-
| Pimpri-Chinchwad Plus
| 9 December 2024
|-
| Pune Plus
| 8 January 2018
|-
| Thane Plus
| 14 April 2016
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|https://maharashtratimes.com/}}
*[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/timesepaper/publication-maharashtra-times,city-mumbai.cms Maharashtra Times]
*[http://www.timescontent.com Times Syndication Service], syndication arm of The Times Group, deals with content syndication of ''Maharashtra Times''.

{{The Times Group}}
{{Newspapers in India}}

[[Category:Newspapers published in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Publications of The Times Group]]
[[Category:Marathi-language newspapers]]
[[Category:Daily newspapers published in India]]
[[Category:Newspapers established in 1962]]
[[Category:Newspapers published in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:1962 establishments in Maharashtra]]

Dhani (company)

2025-09-03T18:05:48Z

User3465346: details - done

{{Short description|Indian Financial technology company}}

{{Multiple issues|
{{notability|1=Companies|date=July 2022}}
{{Advert|date=October 2024}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Dhani Services Limited
| type = Public company
| logo =
| owner = [[Sameer Gehlaut]]
| traded_as = {{BSE|532960}} {{NSE|DHANI}}
| ISIN = {{ISIN|sl=n|pl=y|INE274G01010}}
| founded = 1995
| hq_location_city = New Delhi
| hq_location_country = India
| area_served = India
| key_people = [[Sameer Gehlaut]]<ref>[https://www.cnbctv18.com/business/companies/sameer-gehlaut-to-resign-from-indiabulls-housing-finance-board-by-march-31-11847032.htm Sameer Gehlaut to resign from Indiabulls Housing Finance board by March 31] [[CNBC TV18]] Retrieved on 12 January 2022</ref>
| industry = {{plainlist|
*[[Financial technology]]
*Healthcare
*[[E-commerce]]
*Information technology
*Retail}}
| subsid = Dhani Loans & Services Limited Dhani Stocks
Limited Dhani Healthcare Limited
| num_employees = 10000+ (2021)
| products = {{ubl|Medicine supply| Healthcare products|[[Telemedicine]]}}
| services = {{ubl|[[Online wallet]]|[[Online broker|Stock broking]]}}
| website = {{URL|https://www.dhani.com/}}
}}

'''Dhani''' is an Indian software company. Its app provides digital financial and [[Healthcare industry|healthcare services]].<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Gupta|first1=Ashish|url=http://dln.jaipuria.ac.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/10827/1/India%20FinTech%20Sector%20-%20A%20guide%20to%20the%20galaxy.pdf|title=India FinTech Sector:A Guide to the Galaxy|last2=Shah|first2=Viral|publisher=[[Credit Suisse]]|year=2021|location=[[Mumbai]]|pages=63|language=en}}</ref>

== History ==
The company was founded by [[Sameer Gehlaut]] in 1995, as Indiabulls Ventures Limited which was later renamed Dhani Services Limited in October 2020 to accommodate the consumer business of the [[Indiabulls]] Group under one brand name.<ref>{{Cite web|date=6 October 2020|title=Indiabulls Ventures Limited is now Dhani Services Limited|url=https://equitybulls.com/category.php?id=274906|access-date=18 February 2022|website=EquityBulls}}</ref> In 2017, one of its subsidiaries, Indiabulls Consumer Finance Limited launched an app-based lending platform primarily focused on the personal loans' domain.<ref>{{Cite news|date=25 October 2017|title=Indiabulls Ventures' subsidiary launches mobile application 'Dhani App'|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-cm/indiabulls-ventures-subsidiary-launches-mobile-application-dhani-app-117102500147_1.html|access-date=18 February 2022}}</ref> In October 2020, the subsidiary also adopted a new nawas renamedme as Dhani Loans & Services Limited.<ref>{{Cite web|title=IFIN|url=https://www.ifinltd.in/Equity/CompanyProfile/Name-Change/Dhani-Loans-and-Services-Ltd/70611|access-date=18 February 2022|website=ifinltd.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last1=Shethia|first1=Himanshu|last2=Agarwal|first2=Sanjay|date=7 April 2021|title=CARE Ratings: Loans and Services Limited|url=https://idbitrustee.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Revision-in-Credit-Rating-Dhani-Loans-and-Services-Limited-CARE-Apr-2021.pdf|access-date=18 February 2021|website=[[IDBI Bank|IDBI Trusteeship]]}}</ref> Another subsidiary, Indiabulls Securities Limited was rebranded as Dhani Stocks Limited in 2020<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Harsha|first1=Sree|last2=Patwardhan|first2=Anil|date=18 December 2020|title=Rating Rationale: Dhani Stocks Limited (erstwhile Indiabulls Securities Ltd)|url=https://www.brickworkratings.com/Admin/PressRelease/Dhani-Stocks-18Dec2020.pdf|access-date=18 February 2022|website=Brickwork Ratings}}</ref> and a new company Dhani Healthcare Limited was incorporated to offer telemedicine and online pharmacy services.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indiabulls' healthcare arm to offer Rs 90-crore of non-critical drugs in Covid aid |url=https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/pharma/indiabulls-healthcare-arm-to-offer-rs-90-crore-of-non-critical-drugs-in-covid-aid/82624819|access-date=18 February 2022|website=ETHealthworld.com|language=en}}</ref>

=== Funding ===
In October 2020, Dhani raised ₹1.47 billion by issuing 8.4 million shares to New York-based [[NWH Management|NWI Management]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=6 October 2020|title=Dhani Services raises Rs 147 cr by issuing shares to foreign investor|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/dhani-services-raises-rs-147-cr-by-issuing-shares-to-foreign-investor-120100601344_1.html|access-date=18 February 2022}}</ref> In October 2020, the company raised ₹12 billion from General Catalyst Partners, Think Investments, [[Ribbit Capital]], First Royalty Ventures, and the founder Sameer Gehlaut.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Dhani Services to raise Rs 1,200 crore from General Catalysts, others|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/funding/dhani-services-to-raise-rs-1200-crore-from-general-catalysts-others/articleshow/87168212.cms|access-date=18 February 2022}}</ref>

== Services ==

Dhani's super app combines an online wallet with [[buy now, pay later]] facility plus a subscription fee<ref name="DhaniOneFreedom">[https://loaneligibilitystatus.com/articles/7-days-loan-app-list-in-india 7 Days Loan App List in India]</ref> & primary healthcare services under ''OneFreedom''. In Dhani OneFreedom's subscription [[business model]], depending on how much credit limit Users are charged a monthly subscription fee based on their granted credit limit, regardless of usage the customer is granted irrespective of the actual limit utilization, the interest charged on it which is termed a monthly subscription exponentially rises.<ref name="DhaniOneFreedom"/> In its gamified ecosystem, customers use multiple products within the app to perform mobile recharge, loan repayments, and insurance payments. The platform now also offers direct investments in stocks listed on [[Bombay Stock Exchange]] and [[National Stock Exchange of India]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dhani Stocks launches new platform|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/markets/dhani-stocks-launches-new-platform/article64963692.ece|access-date=18 February 2022|website=Business Line|date=2 February 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=R Kavitha|first=R. Rajeswari|date=20 August 2021|title=QM wallet Chain: Blockchain Traceability using Working Vacation Queueing Model in Mobile Wallet|url=https://www.tojqi.net/index.php/journal/article/view/4742|journal=Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry|language=en|volume=12|issue=8|pages=2876–2889|issn=1309-6591}}</ref>

In 2020, the company integrated online pharmacy with its super app. Within it Dhani Doctor, a telemedicine service including instant video consultations with in-house doctors was added.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The pandemic has accelerated the adoption of digital healthcare services: Nikhil Chari, Dhani Healthcare|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/health/the-pandemic-has-accelerated-the-adoption-of-digital-healthcare-services-nikhil-chari-dhani-healthcare/2317380/|access-date=18 February 2022|website=The Financial Express|date=25 August 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

In 2021, Dhani's super-app was rated as one of the best personal loan applications in India by [[The New Indian Express]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=12 Fastest Instant Loan App |url=https://loaneligibilitystatus.com/articles/fastest-instant-loan-app |access-date=3 September 2025 |website=Loan Eligibility Status |language=en}}</ref>

== Controversies ==
*In November 2023 [[Times of India]] news report, a man from Kalamboli was allegedly defrauded of Rs 90,000 by a cybercriminal while attempting to secure a loan through the Dhani Finance App.<ref name="Mendonca 2023 h120">{{cite web | last=Mendonca | first=George | title=Man loses Rs 90k in loan scam | website=The Times of India | date=2023-11-13 | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/navi-mumbai/man-loses-rs-90k-in-loan-scam/articleshow/105176417.cms | access-date=2024-04-19}}</ref>
*In mid-February 2022, many non-users reported that they have faced issues over the misuse of their [[permanent account number]] details by unknown third parties on the Dhani app to avail loans without their consent and knowledge.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Ritu |date=15 February 2022 |title=PAN misuse? Indiabulls' Dhani app disbursed loans 'without consent', claim users |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/business/companies/pan-misuse-indiabulls-dhani-app-disbursed-loans-to-strangers-without-consent-claim-users-12502532.htm |access-date=3 March 2022 |website=cnbctv18.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bureau |first=BL Mumbai |title=Complaints of fraudsters using PAN of other people to obtain loans from Dhani app hit social media |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/money-and-banking/complaints-of-fraudsters-using-pan-of-other-people-to-obtain-loans-from-dhani-app-hit-social-media/article65055815.ece |access-date=3 March 2022 |website=Business Line |date=16 February 2022 |language=en}}</ref> Complainants said their credit scores were harmed because credit reports displayed loans they never took as defaults.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Unnikrishnan |first=Dinesh |title=Explainer{{!}} How Dhani fake loan episode exposes big holes in digital lending |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/explainer-how-dhani-fake-loan-episode-exposes-big-holes-in-digital-lending-8123271.html |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=Moneycontrol |date=17 February 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
*In April 2021, many non-users of the Dhani app received a text message to pay for a loan that was never taken by them. The company later apologised to its users for this tech glitch.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Way to go 'Dhani': A utility application asking non-users of the app to repay loan which they never took|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/business/way-to-go-dhani-a-utility-application-asking-non-users-of-the-app-to-repay-loan-which-they-never-took|access-date=18 February 2022|website=Free Press Journal|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Khan|first=Sami|date=7 April 2021|title=Indiabulls Dhani spamming people with payment reminders. Problem: Non-users getting them too|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/indiabulls-dhani-spamming-people-payment-reminders-problem-non-users-getting-them-too-834974|access-date=18 February 2022|website=ibtimes.co.in|language=en}}</ref>
*In December 2020 [[Times of India]] news report, it was revealed that women doctors on various Indian online doctor consultation portals face "sexual harassment" from patients. At that time, the company "expressed inability" to issue any "formal statement".<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 December 2020|first=Rema|last=Nagarajan|title=Women docs sexually harassed during e-consultations, websites try to hide it {{!}} India News|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/women-docs-sexually-harassed-during-e-consultations-websites-try-to-hide-it/articleshow/80001279.cms|access-date=18 February 2022|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
*In 2019, [[Securities and Exchange Board of India]] impounded ₹8720,000 from the former non-executive director of the company and her husband in an [[insider trading]] case.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gautam |first1=Shweta |last2=Sharma |first2=Arya |date=2020–2021 |title=Insider Trading: A Reality of Indian Security Market |url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/juscrp1&id=1476&div=&collection= |journal=Jus Corpus Law Journal |volume=1 |pages=466 |via=[[HeinOnline]]-Wikipedia Library}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Indiabulls insider trading: Sebi impounds Rs 87.2 lakh from ex-director, spouse |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/indiabulls-insider-trading-sebi-impounds-rs-87-2-lakh-from-ex-director-spouse/1588644/ |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=The Financial Express |date=25 May 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Together, they possessed unpublished price-sensitive information that they used to trade the stocks in 2017–2019.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fazli |first=Sarim |year=2021 |title=Behavioral Finance & Insider Trading in Securities Market |url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/juscrp2&id=313&div=&collection= |journal=Jus Corpus Law Journal |volume=2 |pages=327 |via=[[HeinOnline]]-Wikipedia Library}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Financial services in India}}
{{Online brokerages}}
{{FinTech in India}}

[[Category:Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Financial services companies of India]]
[[Category:Online retailers of India]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India]]
[[Category:Brokerage firms]]

Khalilur Rahman Saharanpuri

2025-06-09T10:05:49Z

User3465346: made new bio...

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2025}}
'''Khalilur Rahman Saharanpuri''' was an Indian Islamic scholar of the [[Deobandi movement]] who served as the [[List of chancellors and principals of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama|chancellor]] of [[Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]] from 1905 until 1915. He was secretary general of the same institution, succeeding [[Masihuzzaman Khan]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hakim |first=Masykur |date=2009-04-01 |title=Dari India untuk Dunia: Peran Darul Ulum Deoband dalam Pelestarian Hadis dan Ulumul Hadis |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ref.v11i2.38056 |journal=Refleksi |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=155–168 |doi=10.15408/ref.v11i2.38056 |issn=2714-6103|url-access=subscription |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Directorate of Distance Education University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar |url=https://egov.uok.edu.in/eLearningDistance/tutorials/8123_4_2023_240430170024.pdf |title=M. A Education Programme |publisher=University of Kashmir |year=2023 |isbn=978-93-82288-80-0 |publication-date=2023}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Saharanpuri was born in [[Saharanpur]] in the Indian state of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. His father was [[Ahmad Ali Saharanpuri]], a teacher of [[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Khan |first=Ghazanfar Ali |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144513911.pdf |title=NADVAT- al - 'ULAMA' A CENTRE OF ISLAMIC LEARNING |publisher=DEPARTMENT OF ISLAMIC STUDIES ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) |year=2001 |location=Aligarh, India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Maulana Imraan Kajee |url=http://spirituallight.co.za/sites/default/files/Books/The%20Ulema%20of%20Deoband_0.pdf |title=The legacy of the Ulama of Deoband |year=2018 |edition=1st}}</ref> Saharanpuri received his early education from [[Mazahir Uloom]], studying ''[[hadith]]'' with his father.<ref name=":1" />

== Career ==
After his father's death in 1879, he worked as a [[timber]] merchant.<ref name=":1" />

Beginning in 1893, Saharanpuri was involved in the establishment of [[Nadwatul Ulama]], which aimed to reform the Islamic educational system and better address challenges of the [[British Raj]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=The introduction of Nadwatul Ulama {{!}} Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama |url=https://www.nadwa.in/en/about-2/ |access-date=2024-10-13 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

Saharanpuri took part in this movement with fellow Indian Muslim Deobandi scholars such as [[Shibli Nomani]], and [[Altaf Hussain Hali|Altaf Hussein Hali]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-03-05 |title=Nadwatul Ulema |url=https://lucknowobserver.com/nadwatul-ulema/ |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=The Lucknow Observer |language=en-US}}</ref>

The University Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama in [[Lucknow]] was founded by the Nadwatul Ulama council in 1898; Saharanpuri served as its chancellor from 1905 to 1915 and Secretary General, succeeding [[Masihuzzaman Khan]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

== Views ==
Saharanpuri opposed teaching English to Indian Muslims as well as British-style education and culture. He was a supporter of the [[Khilafat Movement|Khilafat movement]] in the Indian Subcontinent.<ref name=":1" />

== Death and legacy ==
Saharanpuri died on 4 February 1936. His sons Aqilur Rahman Khan Nadvi and Manzurun Nabi also became scholars.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sayed Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi |url=https://www.muslim-library.com/dl/books/English-Saviours-Of-Islamic-Spirit-Abridged.pdf |title=Saviours of Islamic Spirit |publisher=Icon Publications Pvt. Ltd. |year=2008 |isbn=978-81-88086-53-5 |edition=1st |location=4331/3 Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi-110002.}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Hanafi scholars}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:People from British India]]