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2025–26 Kerala Blasters FC season

2026-05-08T04:39:29Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating New Page

{{Use Indian English|date=May 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox football club season
| club = [[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters]]
| season = [[2025–26 in Indian football|2025–26]]
| chairman = Nikhil Bhardwaj Abhik Chatterjee
| owner = [[Kerala Blasters FC#Ownership and finances|Magnum Sports Private Limited]]
| mgrtitle = Head coach
| manager = [[David Català]] (until 27 March 2026) [[Ashley Westwood (footballer, born 1976)|Ashley Westwood]] (remainder of season)
| stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Kochi|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]], [[Kochi]]
| league = [[Indian Super League]]
| league result = [[2025–26 Indian Super League|TBD]]
| cup1 = [[AIFF Super Cup|Indian Super Cup]]
| cup1 result = [[2025–26 AIFF Super Cup|Group Stage]]
| cup2 =
| cup2 result =
| cup3 =
| cup3 result =
| league topscorer =
| season topscorer =
| highest attendance =
| lowest attendance =
| average attendance =
| largest win =
| largest loss =
| pattern_la1 =
| pattern_b1 = _yellow_collar
| pattern_ra1 =
| pattern_sh1 =
| pattern_so1 =
| leftarm1 = F4E84E
| body1 = F4E84E
| rightarm1 = F4E84E
| shorts1 = 1357C7
| socks1 = F4E84E
| pattern_la2 = _navylower
| pattern_b2 = _collarnavy
| pattern_ra2 = _navylower
| pattern_sh2 =
| pattern_so2 =
| leftarm2 = F4F6F7
| body2 = F4F6F7
| rightarm2 = F4F6F7
| shorts2 = F4F6F7
| socks2 = F4F6F7
| pattern_la3 =
| pattern_b3 =
| pattern_ra3 =
| pattern_sh3 =
| pattern_so3 =
| leftarm3 = 2E0854
| body3 = 2E0854
| rightarm3 = 2E0854
| shorts3 = 2E0854
| socks3 = 2E0854
| prevseason = [[2024–25 Kerala Blasters FC season|2024–25]]
| nextseason = 2026–27
| updated = 6 November 2025, 20:00 (UTC)
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| chrtitle = Director Chief Executive Officer
}}

The '''2025–26 season''' is the [[List of Kerala Blasters FC seasons|twelfth season]] in [[Kerala Blasters FC]]'s existence, as well as their twelfth season in the [[Indian Super League]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espn.in/football/story/_/id/46094085/aiff-fsdl-tell-supreme-court-isl-begin-december|title=AIFF-FSDL tell Supreme Court ISL will begin in December|website=newsn9ne|date=28 August 2025|access-date=14 September 2025}}</ref>

== Background ==

{{See also|2024–25 Kerala Blasters FC season}}

Entering the 2025-26 campaign, Kerala Blasters were coming off a disappointing 2024-25 season where they failed to qualify for the [[2024–25 Indian Super League|ISL]] playoffs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISL 2024-25, Kerala Blasters FC review: A campaign of high hopes and hard lessons |url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/features/isl-2024-25-kerala-blasters-fc-review-a-campaign-of-high-hopes-and-hard-lessons |access-date=2025-04-19 |website=indiansuperleague.com }}</ref>
Furthermore, the club encountered a major administrative setback: they were denied the Premier 1 club licence by the [[All India Football Federation|AIFF]] for the 2025-26 season due to compliance failures.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerala Blasters, Odisha FC among clubs denied Premier 1 license for 2025–26 season |url=https://thebridge.in/football/kerala-blasters-odisha-fc-denied-premier-1-license-202526-season-53223 |access-date=2025-05-16 |website=thebridge.in }}</ref> This licence issue raised concerns about stadium safety standards and other governance/infra matters at the home venue.

== Season overview ==

=== Super Cup ===

Kerala Blasters began their [[2025–26 AIFF Super Cup]] campaign strongly under new head coach [[David Català]]. Drawn into Group D alongside [[Rajasthan United FC|Rajasthan United]], [[SC Delhi|Sporting Club Delhi]] and [[Mumbai City FC|Mumbai City]], the Blasters registered back-to-back wins.

The Blasters opened their tournament with a narrow 1–0 victory over Rajasthan United.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Match Report: Kerala Blasters FC 1-0 Rajasthan United FC |url=https://keralablastersfc.in/match-report-kerala-blasters-fc-1-0-rajasthan-united-fc |access-date=2025-10-31 |website=keralablastersfc.in }}</ref> New Spanish forward [[Koldo Obieta]] marked his debut goal for the club, scoring the only goal late in the match to secure all three points. The result also gave Català a winning start in his first official competitive fixture in charge.

Kerala Blasters followed up with a 3–0 win over Sporting Club Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Match Report: Kerala Blasters FC 3-0 Sporting Club Delhi |url=https://keralablastersfc.in/match-report-kbfc-3-0-scd |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=keralablastersfc.in }}</ref> Obieta continued his fine form with a brace, while [[Korou Singh Thingujam]] added the third. All three goals came in the first half, signalling a strong performance. But Kerala Blasters' final group-stage match ended in disappointment as they suffered a narrow 1–0 defeat to Mumbai City FC, which knocked them out of the tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Match Report: Kerala Blasters FC 1-0 Rajasthan United FC |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/late-own-goal-propels-mumbai-city-to-aiff-super-cup-semi-finals |access-date=2026-03-07 |website=the-aiff.com }}</ref>

== Club Personnel ==

{{updated|7 October 2025}}

=== First-team coaching staff ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%; width:90%;"
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" scope="col" | Role
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" scope="col" | {{abbr|Nationality|Nationality of the personnel}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" scope="col" | Name
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" scope="col" | {{abbr|Year Appointed|The year, the personnel was appointed by the club.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" scope="col" | {{abbr|Previous club|Mentions the previous club the personnel was appointed for.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" scope="col" | {{tooltip|Refs.|References}}
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| Head Coach/Manager
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flagg|main|unce|ENG}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Ashley Westwood (footballer, born 1976)|Ashley Westwood]]
| 2025
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|Hong Kong}} [[Hong Kong national football team|Hong Kong]] (as head coach)
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Kerala Blasters appoint Westwood, a coach who knows Indian football from pre-ISL days
|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2026/03/23/kerala-blasters-appoint-ashley-westwood-coach.html |publisher=onmanorama|date=27 March 2026|access-date=27 March 2026}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| Assistant Coach
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flagg|main|unce|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Chinta Chandrashekar Rao]]
| 2026
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[SC Bengaluru|Sporting Bengaluru]] (as head coach)
|
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| Assistant Coach
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flagg|main|unce|ENG}}
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Peter Hartley (footballer)|Peter Hartley]]
| 2026
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|SCO}} [[St. Mirren FC|St. Mirren FC B]] (as assistant coach)
|
|-
|}

=== First-team squad ===

'''Notes''':

:* Table below mentions the squad registered by the club for the 2025–26 season.
:* Flags indicate national team as defined under [[FIFA eligibility rules]]. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
:* '''*''' Players who joined the club permanently or on loan during the season.
:* '''†''' Players who were not registered by the club for the 2025–26 season.

{{row hover highlight}}
{| class="wikitable hover-highlight sortable " style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; width:90%;"
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{abbr|No.|Jersey number of the player.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Name
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{abbr|Nat.|Nationality}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{abbr|Pos.|Position}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{abbr|Footedness|Mentions the strong foot of the respective players.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Date of Birth (Age)
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Height
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{Abbr|Last Club|Mentions the last club from which the player was signed from or played.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{Abbr|Transfer Fee|Mentions the transfer fee involved in the transfer of the player.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{Abbr|Signed|Mentions the year the player was signed for the club.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{Abbr|Contract Till|Mentions the year till which they player has contract with the club.}}
|-
! colspan="13" style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; text-align:center;" | Goalkeepers
|-
| 1
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Sachin Suresh]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2001|1|18}}
| 1.83 m<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Sachin Suresh - Indian Super League|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com//players/goalkeeper-157115-sachin-a-suresh-profile|access-date=2023-12-01|website=indiansuperleague.com|language=en|archive-date=19 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019150414/https://www.indiansuperleague.com//players/goalkeeper-157115-sachin-a-suresh-profile|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Youth System]]
| style="text-align:left;" | N/A
| 2021
| 2026
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 31
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Arsh Anwer Shaikh]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2002|7|09}}
| 1.88 m
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|Mohun Bagan]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2025
| 2028
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
! colspan="13" style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Defenders
|-
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 3
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Soraisham Sandeep Singh|Sandeep Singh]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Defender (association football)#Full-back|RB]]/[[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]/[[Defender (association football)#Full-back|LB]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1995|3|1}}
| 1.79 m<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Sandeep Singh - Indian Super League|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/defender-58793-soraisham-sandeep-singh-profile|access-date=2023-12-01|website=indiansuperleague.com|language=en|archive-date=16 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216201247/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/defender-58793-soraisham-sandeep-singh-profile|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[TRAU FC]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2020
| 2027
|-
| 4
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Hormipam Ruivah]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2001|1|25}}
| 1.83 m<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Ruivah Hormipam - Indian Super League|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com//players/defender-154107-ruivah-hormipam-profile|access-date=2023-12-01|website=indiansuperleague.com|language=en|archive-date=26 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626072728/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/defender-154107-ruivah-hormipam-profile|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[RoundGlass Punjab FC]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2021
| 2027
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 5
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Muhammed Saheef]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Defender (association football)#Full-back|LB]]
| Left
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2003|2|7}}
| 1.84 m<ref>{{Cite web |title=India - M. Saheef - Profile with news, career statistics and history - Soccerway |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/muhammed-saheef/937910/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523162235/https://int.soccerway.com/players/muhammed-saheef/937910/ |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=int.soccerway.com}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Gokulam Kerala FC]]
| style="text-align:left;" | Loan Return
| 2022
| 2026
|-
| 15
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Jagannath Jayan]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Centre-back (association football)|CB]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2005|6|27}}
|
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Youth System]]
| style="text-align:left;" | NA
| 2026
| 2027
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 27
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Aibanbha Dohling]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Defender (association football)#Full-back|LB]]/[[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1996|3|23}}
| 1.76 m<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Aibanbha Kupar Dohling - Indian Super League|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/defender-35212-aibanbha-kupar-dohling-profile|access-date=2023-12-01|website=indiansuperleague.com|language=en|archive-date=16 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216201241/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/defender-35212-aibanbha-kupar-dohling-profile|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[FC Goa]]
| style="text-align:left;" | ₹1.45 crore<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=2023-08-29|title=Aibanbha moves from Goa to Kerala|work=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/aibanbha-moves-from-goa-to-kerala/articleshow/103184723.cms?from=mdr|access-date=2023-09-22|issn=0971-8257|archive-date=30 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230830134412/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/aibanbha-moves-from-goa-to-kerala/articleshow/103184723.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}}</ref> (US$174,000)
| 2023
| 2026
|-
| 30
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Sumit Sharma]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2007|3|05}}
| 1.83 m
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Classic FA
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2025
| 2028
|-
| 44
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Fallou Ndiaye]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|SEN}}
| [[Centre-back (association football)|CB]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2001|11|10}}
| 1.98 m
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|FIN}} [[Seinäjoen Jalkapallokerho|SJK]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2026
| 2027
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 50
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Naocha Singh]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Defender (association football)#Full-back|LB]]
| Left
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1999|8|24}}
| 1.68 m<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Naocha Singh - Indian Super League|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/defender-63629-naocha-singh-huidrom-profile|access-date=2023-12-01|website=indiansuperleague.com|language=en|archive-date=16 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216201326/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/defender-63629-naocha-singh-huidrom-profile|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Mumbai City FC]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2023
| 2025
|-
| 63
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Bikash Yumnam]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Centre-back (association football)|CB]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2003|9|06}}
| 1.83 m
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Chennaiyin FC|Chennaiyin]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2025
| 2029
|-
! colspan="13" style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; text-align:center;" | Midfielders
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 6
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Freddy Lallawmawma]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Midfielder#Defensive midfielder|CDM]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2002|7|27}}
| 1.71 m<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Freddy Lallawmawma - Indian Super League|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/midfielder-176258-freddy-lallawmawma-profile|access-date=2023-12-01|website=indiansuperleague.com|language=en|archive-date=16 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216201254/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/midfielder-176258-freddy-lallawmawma-profile|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Punjab FC]]
| style="text-align:left;" | Undisclosed fee
| 2023
| 2027
|-
| 8
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Vibin Mohanan]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|CM]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2003|2|6}}
| 1.73 m<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Vibin Mohanan - Indian Super League|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/midfielder-163123-vibin-mohanan-profile|access-date=2023-12-01|website=indiansuperleague.com|language=en|archive-date=16 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216201237/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/midfielder-163123-vibin-mohanan-profile|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Youth System]]
| style="text-align:left;" | N/A
| 2022
|2029
|-
|-bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 10
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Marlon Roos-Trujillo]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|GER}}
| [[Midfielder|AM]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2003|8|16}}
| 1.80 m
| style="text-align:left;" |
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2026
| 2026
|-
| 13
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Danish Farooq Bhat]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Midfielder#Wide midfielder|LM]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1996|5|9}}
| 1.85 m<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Danish Farooq - Indian Super League|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com//players/midfielder-63700-danish-farooq-profile|access-date=2023-12-01|website=indiansuperleague.com|language=en|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225040823/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/midfielder-63700-danish-farooq-profile|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Bengaluru FC]]
| style="text-align:left;" | ₹25 lakhs<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=|first=|title=Kerala Blasters pay Rs 25 Lakhs transfer fee to get Danish Farooq early|url=https://khelnow.com/football/2023-01-indian-football-isl-2022-23-kerala-blasters-sign-danish-farooq-contract-details|access-date=2023-09-22|website=Khel Now|language=English|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328050951/https://khelnow.com/football/2023-01-indian-football-isl-2022-23-kerala-blasters-sign-danish-farooq-contract-details|url-status=live}}</ref> (US$30,000)
| 2023
| 2026
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 21
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Matías Hernández]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}}
| [[Midfielder|DM]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1996|6|23}}
| 1.86 m
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Gokulam Kerala FC|Gokulam Kerala]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2026
| 2026
|-
|22
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Rowllin Borges]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Midfielder|DM]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1992|6|5}}
| 1.82 m
| style="text-align:left;" |
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2026
| 2026
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 23
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Franchu]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ARG}}
| [[Midfielder|AM]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1998|5|12}}
| 1.72 m
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|CYP}} [[Karmiotissa FC|Karmiotissa]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2026
| 2026
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 25
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Karim Benarif]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|MAR}}
| [[Midfielder|CM]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1993|1|20}}
| 1.76 m
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IRQ}} [[Karbala SC|Karbala]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2026
| 2026
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
|39
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kévin Yoke]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|FRA}}
| [[Midfielder|LM]]
| Both
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1996|6|23}}
| 1.82 m
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|GRE}} [[P.A.E. Chania|Chania]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2026
| 2026
|-
| 47
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Ebindas Yesudasan]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Midfielder|AM]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2005|4|19}}
|
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Youth System]]
| style="text-align:left;" | NA
| 2026
| 2027
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 94
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Lalthanmawia Renthlei|R. Lalthanmawia]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Midfielder#Winger|LW]]/[[Midfielder#Winger|RW]]
| Both
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2002|5|9}}
| 1.71 m
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Aizawl FC]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2024
| 2027
|-
|
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Sukham Yoihenba Meitei|Yoihenba Meitei]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Midfielder|CM]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2004|2|7}}
| 1.55 m<ref name=":11">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Sukham Yoihenba Meitei- Indian Super League|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/midfielder-185408-sukham-yoihenba-meitei-profile|access-date=2023-12-01|website=indiansuperleague.com|language=en|archive-date=16 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216201208/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/midfielder-185408-sukham-yoihenba-meitei-profile|url-status=live}}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Youth System]]
| style="text-align:left;" | N/A
| 2023
| 2027
|-
! colspan="13" style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Forwards
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 7
|style="text-align:left;" | [[Víctor Bertomeu]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}}
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1992|10|19}}
| 1.85 m
| style="text-align:left;" |
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| 2026
| 2026
|-
|-
| 11
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Korou Singh]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Midfielder#Wide midfielder|LM]]/[[Midfielder#Winger|LW]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|2006|12|3|df=yes}}
| 1.67 m<ref name=":11" />
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Youth System]]
| style="text-align:left;" | N/A
| 2024
| ''TBC''
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 17
|style="text-align:left;" | [[Nihal Sudeesh]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Midfielder#Winger|RW]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2001|6|18}}
| 1.72 m<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Nihal Sudeesh - Indian Super League |url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/forward-163714-nihal-sudheesh-profile |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=www.indiansuperleague.com |language=en |archive-date=16 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216201232/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/forward-163714-nihal-sudheesh-profile |url-status=live }}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Youth System]]
| style="text-align:left;" |N/A
| 2022
| 2026
|-
| 14
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Salahudheen Adnan]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2001|5|26}}
|
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant Reserves and Academy|Mohun Bagan B]]
| style="text-align:left;" | NA
| 2026
| 2027
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 19
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Muhammad Ajsal]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2003|3|28}}
|
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Youth System]]
| style="text-align:left;" | NA
| 2026
| 2027
|-
| 45
| style="text-align:left;" | Sreekuttan MS
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| Right
| {{Birth date and age|2004|11|30|df=yes}}
| 1.81 m<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sreekuttan MS - Indian Super League |url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/forward-163105-ms-sreekuttan-profile |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240709184808/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/forward-163105-ms-sreekuttan-profile |archive-date=9 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-09 |website=www.indiansuperleague.com }}</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Youth System]]
| style="text-align:left;" | N/A
| 2023
| 2027
|-
|}

=== Contract Extensions ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%; width:90%;"
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | {{H:title|Date|Date of signing}}
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | Player
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | No.
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | {{abbr|Position(s)|Mentions the position(s) that the player plays.}}
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | Contract Till
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | {{tooltip|Refs.|References}}
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 21 July 2025
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Sreekuttan MS]]
| 45
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| 2027
|
|-
|}

== Transfers ==

=== Transfers In ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%; width:90%;"
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{H:title|Date|Date of signing}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | Player
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | No.
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{abbr|Position(s)|Mentions the position(s) that the player plays.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{Abbr|Last Club|For 'free players', the last contracted club is mentioned.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{Abbr|Contract Length|Mentions the number of years left in the player's contract by the time of signing.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{colored link|#2A5AA1|Transfer window}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{Abbr|Fee|Transfer fee used to sign the player.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{tooltip|Refs.|References}}
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 1 June 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Amey Ranawade]]
|55
| [[Full-back (association football)#Full-back|RB]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Mumbai City FC|Mumbai City]]
| 5 years
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2025 |title=Kerala Blasters signs Amey Ranawade on five-year deal|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/isl-news/kerala-blasters-transfer-news-amey-ranawade-kbfc-new-club-contract-isl/article69647662.ece|access-date=26 October 2025|website=sportstar.thehindu.com }}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 14 June 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Arsh Anwer Shaikh
| 31
| [[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|Mohun Bagan]]
| 3 years
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 June 2025 |title=Arsh signs for the Blasters|url=https://keralablastersfc.in/arsh-signs-for-the-blasters/ |access-date=14 June 2025|website=KBFC }}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 7 July 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Sumit Sharma
| 30
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Classic FA
| 3 years
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 July 2025 |title=Know more about Sumit Sharma |url=https://footyindia.in/2025/07/10/sumit-sharma-latest-kerala-blasters-recruit/ |access-date=26 October 2025|website=footyindia.in}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 3 October 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}} [[Koldo Obieta]]
| 9
| [[Forward (association football)|CF]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}} [[Real Unión]]
| 1 year
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web|title=ബ്ലാസ്റ്റേഴ്‌സ് മുന്നേറ്റത്തിന് സ്പാനിഷ് കരുത്ത്; കോൾഡോ ഒബിയേറ്റയെ സൈൻ ചെയ്ത് KBFC|url=https://www.twentyfournews.com/2025/10/03/spanish-strength-for-blasters-progress-kbfc-signs-koldo-obieta.html|access-date=2025-10-03 |language=malayalam}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 8 October 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|POR}} [[Tiago Alves (footballer, born 1996)|Tiago Alves]]
| 77
| [[Forward (association football)|CF]]
| style="text-align:left;" |Free Agent
| 1 year
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2025 |title=Kerala Blasters signs Portuguese forward Tiago Alves|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/kerala-blasters-signs-tiago-alves-portuguese-forward-career-stats-timeline-indian-football-kbfc-news/article70139308.ece|access-date=26 October 2025|website=sportstar.thehindu.com }}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 9 October 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}} [[Juan Rodríguez (footballer, born 1995)|Juan Rodríguez]]
| 22
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}} [[CD Lugo|Lugo]]
| 1 year
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 October 2025 |title=ISL Transfers: Kerala Blasters sign Spanish defender Juan Rodríguez Martínez|url=https://thebridge.in/football/kerala-blasters-sign-juan-rodriguez-martinez-54858|access-date=26 October 2025|website=thebridge.in }}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 25 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Rowllin Borges]]
| 22
| [[Midfielder#Defensive midfielder|DM]]
| style="text-align:left;" |Free Agent
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=Kerala Blasters sign midfielder Rowllin Borges|url= https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2026/01/25/kerala-blasters-sign-rowllin-borges.html|access-date=25 January 2026|website=onmanorama }}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 25 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|GER}} [[Marlon Roos-Trujillo]]
| 10
| [[Midfielder#Attacking midfielder|AM]]
| style="text-align:left;" |Free Agent
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=Kerala Blasters FC announce new attacking addition Marlon Roos Trujillo |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2026/01/25/marlon-roos-trujillo-to-play-for-kerala-blasters.html |access-date=25 January 2026|website=onmanorama }}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 26 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|FRA}} [[Kévin Yoke]]
| 39
| [[Midfielder#Left winger |LW]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|GRE}} [[P.A.E. Chania|Chania]]
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=26 January 2026 |title=ISL 2025-26: Kerala Blasters signs French forward Kevin Yoke on a free transfer |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/isl-2025-26-kerala-blasters-signs-french-attacker-kevin-yoke-indian-super-league-kbfc-latest/article70552426.ece |access-date=26 January 2026|website=sportstar }}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 27 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}} [[Matías Hernández]]
| 21
| [[Midfielder#Defencieve Midfielder |DM]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Gokulam Kerala FC|Gokulam Kerala]]
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=27 January 2026 |title=Kerala Blasters sign midfielder Matias Hernandez from Gokulam |url= https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2026/01/27/kerala-blasters-sign-matias-hernandez.html |access-date=27 January 2026|website=onmanorama}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 29 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}} [[Víctor Bertomeu]]
| 7
| [[Forward (association football)|CF]]
| style="text-align:left;" |Free Agent
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2026 |title=ISL 2025-26: Kerala Blasters signs forward Victor Bertomeu before new season|url= https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/isl-2025-26-kerala-blasters-transfer-news-kbfc-signs-striker-victor-bartomeu-indian-super-league/article70565149.ece |access-date=31 January 2026|website=sportstar}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 30 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|GUI}} Oumar Bah
| 2
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| style="text-align:left;" |Free Agent
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 January 2026 |title=ISL 2025-26: Kerala Blasters signs Guinean defender Oumar Bah|url= https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/kerala-blasters-fc-signs-oumar-bah-guinea-defender-isl-2025-26-indian-super-league-news/article70571845.ece |access-date=31 January 2026|website=sportstar}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 02 February 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Salahudheen Adnan
|
| [[Forward (association football)|CF]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant Reserves and Academy|Mohun Bagan B]]
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 21 February 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|SCO}} [[Jai Quitongo]]
| 9
| [[Forward (association football)|ST]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|MLT}} [[Marsaxlokk F.C.|Marsaxlokk]]
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2026 |title=ISL 2025-26: Kerala Blasters confirms Jai Quitongo signing|url= https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/kerala-blasters-new-signing-jai-quitongo-isl-2025-26-transfer-football-news/article70661020.ece |access-date=21 February 2026|website=sportstar}}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 04 March 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|SEN}} [[Fallou Ndiaye]]
|
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|FIN}} [[Seinäjoen Jalkapallokerho|SJK]]
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 March 2026 |title=Fallou Ndiaye: Senegal centre-back linked with Kerala Blasters move in India|url= https://africasoccer.com/fallou-ndiaye-senegal-centre-back-linked-with-kerala-blasters-move-in-india/ |access-date=4 March 2026|website=africasoccer}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 30 March 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|MAR}} [[Karim Benarif]]
|
| [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|CM]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IRQ}} [[Karbala SC|Karbala]]
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
| <ref>{{Cite web |title= Westwood makes Moroccan midfielder Benarif his first signing for Kerala Blasters|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2026/03/29/kerala-blasters-sign-moroccan-midfielder-karim-benarif-isl-2026.amp.html|access-date=29 March 2026 |website=Onmanorama|language=en |archive-url=}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 10 April 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{#invoke:flag|icon|ARG}} [[Francisco Feuillassier]]
|
| [[Midfielder#Left winger |WF]]
| style="text-align:left;" |Free Agent
| 1 year
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|
|-
|}

=== Promoted from Reserves ===

{{see also|Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; width:80%;"
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; text-align:center;" | No.
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; text-align:center;" | Name
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; text-align:center;" | Nationality
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; text-align:center;" | {{abbr|Position(s)|Mentions the position(s) that the player plays.}}
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; text-align:center;" | Date of Birth (Age)
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; text-align:center;" |{{tooltip|Refs.|References}}
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
|44
|[[Muhammad Ajsal]]
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
|[[Midfielder#Winger|LW]]
|{{Birth date and age|df=yes|2003|3|28}}
|
|-
|
|Jagannath Jayan
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
|[[Defender (association football)#Full-back|DF]]
|{{Birth date and age|df=yes|2005|6|27}}
|
|-
|
|[[Ebin Das]]
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
|[[Midfielder#Attacking midfielder|AM]]
|{{Birth date and age|df=yes|2006|12|3}}
|
|}

=== Transfers Out ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%; width:90%;"
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | {{Abbr|Exit Date|Mentions the date the player's departure was announced by the club.}}
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | Player
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | No.
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | {{abbr|Position(s)|Mentions the position(s) that the player plays.}}
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | To
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | Transfer window
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | {{Abbr|Fee|Mentions the transfer fee involved in the incoming transfer.}}
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" | {{tooltip|Refs.|References}}
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 17 June 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|MNE}} [[Miloš Drinčić]]
| 15
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]/[[Defender (association football)#Full-back|LB]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|THA}} [[BG Pathum United F.C.|BG Pathum United]]
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 June 2025 |title=milos drincic kerala blasters part ways|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2025/06/17/defender-milos-drincic-kerala-blasters-part-ways.html|access-date=26 October 2025|website=onmanorama.com }}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 3 July 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|GHA}} [[Kwame Peprah]]
| 14
| [[Forward (association football)#Striker|ST]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|CAM}} [[Preah Khan Reach Svay Rieng FC|PKR Svay Rieng]]
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2025 |title=Kwame Peprah seals move to Cambodian side Svay Rieng FC|url=https://www.modernghana.com/sports/1414118/ex-king-faisal-striker-kwame-peprah-seals-move.amp|access-date=26 October 2025|website=onmanorama.com }}</ref>
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 4 July 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Saurav Mandal]]
| 17
| [[Midfielder#Wide midfielder|RM]]/[[Midfielder#Winger|RW]]
| style="text-align:left;" |TBA
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2025 |title=Jamshedpur FC, Chennaiyin FC, and Kerala Blasters FC confirm new departures|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/amp/news/jamshedpur-fc-chennaiyin-fc-and-kerala-blasters-fc-confirm-new-departures|access-date=26 October 2025|website=ISL}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 11 July 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|ESP}} [[Jesús Jiménez (footballer)|Jesús Jiménez]]
| 9
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|POL}} [[Bruk-Bet Termalica Nieciecza]]
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2025 |title=jesus jimenez exits kerala blasters isl impasse aiff fsdl|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2025/07/11/jesus-jimenez-exits-kerala-blasters-isl-impasse-aiff-fsdl.html|access-date=26 October 2025|website=onmanorama.com}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 1 July 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Ishan Pandita]]
| 26
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} TBA
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 July 2025 |title=Bengaluru FC, Odisha FC, NorthEast United FC, Kerala Blasters announce departures|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/amp/news/bengaluru-fc-odisha-fc-northeast-united-fc-kerala-blasters-announce-departures|access-date=26 October 2025|website=ISL}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 22 August 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Bryce Miranda]]
| 18
| [[Midfielder#Wide midfielder|LM]]/[[Midfielder#Winger|LW]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Diamond Harbour FC|Diamond Harbour]]
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 22 October 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Sagolsem Bikash Singh]]
| 23
| [[Winger (association football)|LW]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Punjab FC|Punjab]]
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 October 2025 |title=Super Cup: Five new signings highlight Punjab FC's squad |url=https://ianslive.in/super-cup-five-new-signings-highlight-punjab-fcs-squad-for-campaign-opener-against-gokulam-kerala-fc--20251026184722|access-date=26 October 2025|website=ianslive.in}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 22 October 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Prabir Das]]
| 33
| [[Defender (association football)#Full-back|RB]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Inter Kashi FC|Inter Kashi]]
| Pre-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 30 December 2025
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|POR}} [[Tiago Alves (footballer, born 1996)|Tiago Alves]]
| 77
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|CAM}} [[Preah Khan Reach Svay Rieng FC|PKR Svay Rieng]]
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 October 2025 |title=Kerala Blasters release Portuguese striker Alves within three months of signing due to ISL stalemate |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2025/12/30/tiago-alves-leaves-kerala-blasters.html |access-date=30 October 2025|website=ianslive.in}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 14 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|ESP}} [[Juan Rodríguez (footballer, born 1995)|Juan Rodríguez]]
| 22
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|ESP}} [[Marbella FC|Marbella]]
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Marbella FC|url=https://marbellafc.es/en/signing-Juan-Rodriguez/|title=New signing: Juan Rodríguez|date=14 January 2026|access-date=11 February 2026}}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 24 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|ESP}} [[Koldo Obieta|Koldo Obieta]]
| 9
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IDN}} [[Borneo F.C. Samarinda|Borneo Samarinda]]
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 24 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|MNE}} [[Dušan Lagator]]
| 94
| [[Midfielder|DM]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IDN}} [[PSM Makassar]]
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 24 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Mohammed Aimen]]
| 19
| [[Winger (association football)|LW]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[SC Delhi]]
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=ISL 2025–26: SC Delhi sign twins Mohammed Aimen & Mohammed Azhar from Kerala Blasters|url=https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-isl-idelhi-twins-mohammed-aimen-mohammed-azhar-kerala-blasters-202601|access-date=31 January 2026|website=khelnow }}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 24 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Mohammed Azhar]]
| 19
| [[Midfielder|MF]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[SC Delhi]]
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=ISL 2025–26: SC Delhi sign twins Mohammed Aimen & Mohammed Azhar from Kerala Blasters|url=https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-isl-idelhi-twins-mohammed-aimen-mohammed-azhar-kerala-blasters-202601|access-date=31 January 2026|website=khelnow }}</ref>
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 08 February 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[Nora Fernandes]]
| 20
| [[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IND}} [[SC Delhi]]
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 04 March 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|GUI}} Oumar Bah
| 2
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| style="text-align:left;" |TBD
| Mid-season
| [[Free transfer (association football)|Free transfer]]
|
|}

=== Loan Returns ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%; width:90%;"
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | Player
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | No.
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{abbr|Position(s)|Mentions the position(s) that the player plays.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | From
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Nihal Sudeesh]]
| 77
| [[Midfielder#Winger|RW]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{Flagicon|IND}} [[Punjab FC]]
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Likmabam Rakesh Meitei|Likmabam Rakesh]]
| —
| [[Defender (association football)#Full-back|LB]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{Flagicon|IND}} [[Punjab FC]]
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Sagolsem Bikash Singh]]
| 23
| [[Midfielder#Winger|LW]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{Flagicon|IND}} [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan SC]]
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Thomas Cherian
| —
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{Flagicon|IND}} [[Churchill Brothers FC Goa]]
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Muhammad Ajsal
| 44
| [[Midfielder#Winger|LW]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Gokulam Kerala FC]]
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Mohammed Arbaz
| 21
| [[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{Flagicon|IND}} [[Real Kashmir FC]]
|}

=== Loan Outs ===

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%; width:90%;"
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{H:title|Exit Date|Mentions the date the player's loan departure was announced by the club}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | Player
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | No.
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{abbr|Position(s)|Mentions the position(s) that the player plays.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | To
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | Transfer window
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" | {{tooltip|Refs.|References}}
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 19 August 2025
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Mohammed Arbaz
| 21
| [[Goalkeeper (association football)|GK]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{Flagicon|IND}} [[Diamond Harbour FC|Diamond Harbour]]
| Pre-season
|
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 3 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|MAR}} [[Noah Sadaoui]]
| 7
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|WF]]
| style="text-align:left;" |{{Flagicon|IDN}} [[Dewa United Banten F.C.|Dewa United]]
| Mid-season
|
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 08 January 2026
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|URU}} [[Adrián Luna]]
| 10
| [[Midfielder#Attacking midfielder|MF]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{Flagicon|IDN}} [[Persik Kediri]]
| Mid-season
|
|-
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| style="text-align:left;" | 08 February 2026
| style="text-align:left;" | {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Amey Ranawade]]
| 55
| [[Full-back (association football)#Full-back|DF]]
| style="text-align:left;" | {{Flagicon|IND}} [[Mohun Bagan Super Giants|Mohun Bagan]]
| Mid-season
|
|-
|}

== Pre-season and friendlies ==

{{legend2|#CCFFCC|Win|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#FFFFCC|Draw|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#FFCCCC|Loss|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#FFFFFF|Fixtures|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2025|10|18|df=y}}
|time = TBC [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = Friendly
|score = 0–1
|report = https://x.com/kbfcxtra/status/1979543408554467823
|team1 = {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Chennaiyin FC]]
|goals1 =
|team2 = Kerala Blasters
|goals2 = * [[Danish Farooq Bhat|Danish]] {{goal|TBC}}
|stadium =
|location = [[Goa]], [[India]]
|attendance = ''TBC''
|referee = ''TBC''
|motm = N/A
|note =
|result = W
}}
{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|02|04|df=y}}
|time = TBC [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = Friendly
|score = 1-0
|report = https://x.com/kevbmat/status/2020854738493857859#:~:text=FT%20%F0%9F%94%9A%20Friendly%20Match%20Kerala,%F0%9F%A4%8D147
|team1 = {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Kerala Blasters
|goals1 = * [[Lalthanmawia Renthlei|Amawia]] {{goal|TBC}}
|team2 = [[Gokulam Kerala]]
|goals2 =
|stadium =
|location = [[The Sanctuary (Kochi)|The Sanctuary]], [[Thripunithura]], [[Kerala]]
|attendance = ''TBC''
|referee = ''TBC''
|motm = N/A
|note =
|result = W
}}
{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|02|09|df=y}}
|time = TBC [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = Friendly
|score = 3-1
|report = https://aaveshamclub.com/kbfc-vs-gkfc-match-result-2/
|team1 = {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} Kerala Blasters
|goals1 = * Victor Bertomeu {{goal|TBC}}
* Rowllin Borges {{goal|TBC}}
* Ebindas Yesudas {{goal|TBC}}
|team2 = Gokulam Kerala
|goals2 =* TBC {{goal|TBC}}
|stadium =
|location = The Sanctuary, Thripunithura, Kerala
|attendance = ''TBC''
|referee = ''TBC''
|motm = N/A
|note =
|result = W
}}

== Competitions ==

=== Overview ===

{{#invoke:Fb overview|main
| c= 0
| c1= [[Super Cup (India)|Super Cup]]
| fm1= 30 October 2025
| lm1= 6 November 2025
| sr1= Group Stage
| w1= 2
| l1= 1
| d1= 0
| f1= 4
| a1= 1
| fp1= Group Stage
| c2= [[Indian Super League|Super League]]
| fm2= 14 February 2026
| lm2= ''TBD''
| sr2= [[2025–26 Indian Super League#Results|Matchday 1]]
| w2= 3
| l2= 6
| d2= 2
| f2= 10
| a2= 15
| fp2= ''TBD''

| u= {{Start date|2026|04|23|df=y}}.
| s= [https://int.soccerway.com/teams/india/kerala-blasters/31407/ Soccerway]
}}

=== Indian Super League ===

{{Main|2025–26 Indian Super League}}

==== League table ====
{{2025–26 Indian Super League points table|showteam=KER}}

==== Results by match ====
{{#invoke:sports rbr table|table|legendpos=b
|header = Match
|label1 = Ground
| res1 = A/H/H/H/A/H/A/A/H/H/H/H/H
|label2 = Result
| res2 = L/L/L/L/D/L/L/W/D/W/W
|label3 = Position
| res3 = 13/12/12/12/12/13/13/13/11/9/9

|text_H=Home|text_A=Away
|color_W=green2|text_W=Win
|color_D=yellow2|text_D=Draw
|color_L=red2|text_L=Loss

|color_1=1st|color_2=2nd|color_3=3rd

|source=[https://www.indiansuperleague.com/schedule-fixtures indiansuperleague.com]
|updated=23 April 2026
}}

==== Matches ====

{{football box collapsible
| round = 1
| date = {{Start date|2026|2|14|df=y}}
| time = 17:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|Mohun Bagan]]
| score = 2–0
| report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/63334
| team2 = Kerala Blasters
| goals1 = *[[Jamie Maclaren|Maclaren]] {{goal|36}}
*[[Alberto Rodríguez (footballer, born 1992)|Alberto]] {{yel|51}}
*[[Tom Aldred|Aldred]] {{goal|90+5}}
| goals2 = *[[Danish Farooq Bhat| Farooq]] {{yel|30}}
*[[Huidrom Naocha Singh|Naocha]] {{yel|48}}
*[[Bikash Yumnam|Bikash]] {{yel|82}}
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| stadium = [[Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan]]
| attendance = 29,110
| referee = Aditya Purkayastha
| result = l
| motm = [[Jamie Maclaren]] (Mohun Bagan)
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|2|22|df=y}}
|time = 19:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = 2
|score = 0-1
|report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/63345
|team1 = Kerala Blasters
|goals1 =
|team2 = [[Mumbai City FC ]]
|goals2 = *[[Lallianzuala Chhangte]] {{goal|48}}
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
|location = [[Kochi]]
|attendance =16,243
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =''TBD''
|result = L
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|2|28|df=y}}
|time = 17:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = 3
|score = 1-2
|report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/63351
|team1 = Kerala Blasters
|goals1 = *[[Víctor Bertomeu|Víctor ]] {{goal|84}}
|team2 = [[Inter Kashi FC|Inter Kashi]]
|goals2 = *[[Nauris Petkevičius |Petkevičius]] {{goal|34}}
*[[Alfred Planas|Alfred ]] {{goal|78}}
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
|location = [[Kochi]]
|attendance =7,856
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =[[Alfred Planas ]](Inter Kashi)
|result = L
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|3|7|df=y}}
|time = 17:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = 4
|score = 0-1
|report = https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/63359
|team1 = Kerala Blasters
|goals1 =
|team2 = [[Chennaiyin FC]]
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
|location = [[Kochi]]
|attendance =''TBD''
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =''TBD''
|result = L
}}

{{footballbox collapsible
|date=14 March 2026
|round= 5
|time=17:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|team1=[[East Bengal]]
|score=1–1
|report=https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/63364
|team2=Kerala Blasters
|goals1=* [[Youssef Ezzejjari|Ezzejjari]] {{goal|10|pen}}
|goals2=* [[Aibanbha Dohling|Dohling]] {{yel|10}}
* [[Fallou Ndiaye|Ndiaye]] {{yel|86}}
* [[Muhammad Ajsal|Ajsal]] {{goal|90+6}}
|location=[[Kolkata]]
|stadium=[[Salt Lake Stadium]]
|referee=Harish Kundu
|motm= [[Muhammad Ajsal]] (Kerala Blasters)
|attendance=13,379
|result=D
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|3|21|df=y}}
|time = 19:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = 6
|score = 1-3
|report =
|team1 = Kerala Blasters
|goals1 = * [[Fallou Ndiaye|Ndiaye]] {{goal|65}}
|team2 = [[Punjab FC|Punjab]]
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
|location = [[Kochi]]
|attendance =''TBD''
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =''TBD''
|result = L
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|04|05|df=y}}
|time = 17:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = 7
|score = 2-0
|report =
|team1 = [[SC Delhi]]
|goals1 =
|team2 = Kerala Blasters
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
|location = [[Delhi]]
|attendance =''TBD''
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =''TBD''
|result = L
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|04|11|df=y}}
|time = 17:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = 8
|score = 1-2
|report =
|team1 = [[Bengaluru FC|Bengaluru]]
|goals1 =
|team2 = Kerala Blasters
|goals2 = *[[Víctor Bertomeu|Víctor ]] {{goal|61}}
*[[Franchu]] {{goal|78}}
|stadium = [[Sree Kanteerava Stadium]]
|location = [[Bengaluru]]
|attendance =''TBD''
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =''TBD''
|result = W
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|4|15|df=y}}
|time = 19:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = 9
|score = 1-1
|report =
|team1 = Kerala Blasters
|goals1 =
|team2 = [[NorthEast United]]
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
|location = [[Kochi]]
|attendance =''TBD''
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =''TBD''
|result = D
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|4|18|df=y}}
|time = 17:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = 10
|score = 2-0
|report =
|team1 = Kerala Blasters
|goals1 = *[[Nihal Sudeesh|Nihal]] {{goal|12}}
*[[Vibin Mohanan|Vibin]] {{goal|36}}
|team2 = [[Jamshedpur FC|Jamshedpur]]
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
|location = [[Kochi]]
|attendance =''TBD''
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =''TBD''
|result = W
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|4|23|df=y}}
|time = 19:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = 11
|score = 2-1
|report =
|team1 = Kerala Blasters
|goals1 = *[[Víctor Bertomeu|Víctor ]] {{goal|12}}
*[[Matías Hernández|Matías ]] {{goal|90+4}}
|team2 = [[Odisha FC|Odisha]]
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
|location = [[Kochi]]
|attendance =''TBD''
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =''TBD''
|result = W
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|5|10|df=y}}
|time = 17:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|round = 12
|score =
|report =
|team1 = Kerala Blasters
|goals1 =
|team2 = [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
|location = [[Kochi]]
|attendance =''TBD''
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =''TBD''
|result =
}}

{{football box collapsible
|date = {{start date|2026|5|17|df=y}}
|time = TBD
|round = 13
|score =
|report =
|team1 = Kerala Blasters
|goals1 =
|team2 = [[FC Goa|Goa]]
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
|location = [[Kochi]]
|attendance =''TBD''
|referee =''TBD''
|motm =''TBD''
|result =
}}

===Super Cup===
{{main|2025–26 AIFF Super Cup}}

==== Group D ====
{{2025–26 AIFF Super Cup group tables|Group D|showteam=KER}}

==== Matches ====

{{Football box collapsible
| round = 1
| date = {{Start date|2025|10|30|df=y}}
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Rajasthan United FC|Rajasthan United]]
| score = 0-1
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=57402 I-League] [https://aiff-cms.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/cms/reports/57402_Match_Summary_V1_1761829432.pdf PDF Report]
| team2 = Kerala Blasters
| goals1 =
| goals2 = *[[Koldo Obieta|Obieta]] {{goal|87}}
| attendance =213
| referee = Aditya Purkayastha
| location = [[Bambolim]]
| stadium = [[GMC Athletic Stadium]]
| result = W
}}
{{Football box collapsible
| round = 2
| date = {{Start date|2025|11|03|df=y}}
| time = 16:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = Kerala Blasters
| score = 3–0
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=57404 I-League] [https://aiff-cms.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/cms/reports/57404_Match_Summary_V1_1762174714.pdf PDF Report]
| team2 = [[SC Delhi|Sporting Delhi]]
| goals1 =
*[[Koldo Obieta|Obieta]] {{goal|18||23}}
*[[Korou Singh Thingujam|Thingujam]] {{goal|34}}
| goals2 =
| attendance = 100
| referee = Ashwin
| location = [[Bambolim]]
| stadium = [[GMC Athletic Stadium]]
| result = W
}}
{{Football box collapsible
| round = 3
| date = {{Start date|2025|11|06|df=y}}
| time = 19:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Mumbai City FC|Mumbai City]]
| score = 1–0
| report = [https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=57406 I-League] [https://aiff-cms.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/cms/reports/57406_Match_Summary_V1_1762445267.pdf PDF Report]
| team2 = [[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters]]
| goals1 = *[[Muhammed Saheef|Saheef]] {{goal|88|o.g.}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Fatorda]]
| stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Margao)|Fatorda Stadium]]
| attendance =488
| referee = Harish Kundu Man of the Match: [[Akash Mishra]] (Mumbai City)
| result = L
}}

== Statistics ==

''All stats are correct as of 6 November 2025''

=== Appearances ===
Players with no appearances are not included on the list.

{{Updated|27 February 2026}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" rowspan="2"|No.
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" rowspan="2"|Pos.
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" rowspan="2"|Nat.
! style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20;" rowspan="2"|Name
!style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" colspan="2"|[[2025–26 Indian Super League|Super League]]
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;"" colspan="2" |{{nowrap|[[2025–26 AIFF Super Cup|Indian Super Cup]]}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1;" colspan="2"|Total
|-
!Apps
!Starts
!Apps
!Starts
!Apps
!Starts
|-
|1
|GK
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Sachin Suresh]]
||1||1||0||0||'''1'''||'''1'''
|-
|2
|DF
|{{Flagicon|GUI}}
|align=left|Oumar Bah
||3||3||0||0||'''3'''||'''3'''
|-
|3
|DF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Sandeep Singh (footballer)|Sandeep Singh]]
||2||2||3||3||'''5'''||'''5'''
|-
|5
|DF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Muhammed Saheef]]
||2||2||3||3||'''5'''||'''5'''
|-
|6
|MF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Freddy Lallawmawma]]
||0||0||2||0||'''2'''||'''0'''
|-
|<s>7</s>
|WF
|{{Flagicon|MAR}}
|align=left|[[Noah Sadaoui]]
||0||0||3||2||'''3'''||'''2'''
|-
|7
|FW
|{{Flagicon|ESP}}
|align=left|[[Víctor Bertomeu]]
||3||3||0||0||'''3'''||'''3'''
|-
|8
|MF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Vibin Mohanan]]
||3||1||2||1||'''5'''||'''2'''
|-
|<s>9</s>
|FW
|{{Flagicon|ESP}}
|align=left|[[Koldo Obieta]]
||0||0||3||3||'''3'''||'''3'''
|-
|9
|FW
|{{Flagicon|SCO}}
|align=left|[[Jai Quitongo]]
||1||0||0||0||'''1'''||'''0'''
|-
|<s>10</s>
|MF
|{{Flagicon|URU}}
|align=left|[[Adrián Luna]]
||0||0||3||3||'''3'''||'''3'''
|-
|10
|MF
|{{Flagicon|GER}}
|align=left|[[Marlon Roos-Trujillo]]
||3||1||0||0||'''3'''||'''1'''
|-
|11
|WF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Korou Singh]]
||3||3||3||3||'''6'''||'''6'''
|-
|13
|MF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Danish Farooq Bhat|Danish Farooq]]
||3||3||3||1||'''6'''||'''4'''
|-
|17
|WF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Nihal Sudeesh]]
||2||2||3||2||'''5'''||'''4'''
|-
|<s>19</s>
|WF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Mohammed Aimen]]
||0||0||2||0||'''2'''||'''0'''
|-
|19
|WF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Muhammad Ajsal]]
||2||0||0||0||'''2'''||'''0'''
|-
|<s>20</s>
|GK
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Nora Fernandes]]
||0||0||3||3||'''3'''||'''3'''
|-
|21
|MF
|{{Flagicon|ESP}}
|align=left|[[Matías Hernández]]
||2||1||0||0||'''2'''||'''1'''
|-
|<s>22</s>
|DF
|{{Flagicon|ESP}}
|align=left|[[Juan Rodríguez (footballer, born 1995)|Juan Rodríguez]]
||0||0||3||3||'''3'''||'''3'''
|-
|22
|MF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Rowllin Borges]]
||2||2||0||0||'''2'''||'''2'''
|-
|27
|DF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Aibanbha Dohling]]
||1||1||2||0||'''3'''||'''1'''
|-
|31
|GK
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Arsh Anwer Shaikh]]
||2||2||0||0||'''2'''||'''2'''
|-
|39
|MF
|{{Flagicon|FRA}}
|align=left|[[Kévin Yoke]]
||3||1||0||0||'''3'''||'''1'''
|-
|45
|FW
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Sreekuttan MS]]
||1||0||0||0||'''1'''||'''0'''
|-
|47
|MF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Ebindas Yesudasan]]
||3||1||0||0||'''3'''||'''1'''
|-
|50
|DF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Naocha Singh]]
||3||2||1||0||'''4'''||'''2'''
|-
|<s>55</s>
|DF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Amey Ranawade]]
||0||0||1||0||'''1'''||'''0'''
|-
|63
|DF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Bikash Yumnam]]
||3||2||3||3||'''6'''||'''5'''
|-
|<s>77</s>
|CF
|{{Flagicon|POR}}
|align=left|[[Tiago Alves (footballer, born 1996)|Tiago Alves]]
||0||0||2||1||'''2'''||'''1'''
|-
|<s>94</s>
|MF
|{{Flagicon|MNE}}
|align=left|[[Dušan Lagator]]
||0||0||2||2||'''2'''||'''2'''
|-
|97
|MF
|{{Flagicon|IND}}
|align=left|[[Lalthanmawia Renthlei]]
||0||0||1||0||'''1'''||'''0'''
|-
|}

===Goalscorers===

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center"
|-
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Rank
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{Tooltip|Nation|Mentions the nationality of the player.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Name
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | No.
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{Tooltip|Position(s)|Mentions the position(s) played by the player.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | League
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Super Cup
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Total
|-
| rowspan="2" |1
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Víctor Bertomeu]]
| 7
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| 3 || 0 || '''3'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Koldo Obieta]]
| <s>9</s>
| [[Forward (association football)#Centre-forward|CF]]
| 0 || 3 || '''3'''
|-
| rowspan="7" |3
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Vibin Mohanan]]
| 8
| [[Midfielder#Midfielder|MF]]
| 1 || 0 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Korou Singh]]
| 11
| [[Midfielder#Winger|WF]]
| 0 || 1 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Nihal Sudeesh]]
| 17
| [[Midfielder#Winger|WF]]
| 1 || 0 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Muhammad Ajsal]]
| 19
| [[Midfielder#Winger|WF]]
| 1 || 0 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Matías Hernández]]
| 21
| [[Midfielder#Defencive Midfielder|DM]]
| 1 || 0 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ARG}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Franchu]]
| 23
| [[Midfielder#Attacking Midfielder|AM]]
| 1 || 0 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|SEN}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Fallou Ndiaye]]
| 44
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| 1 || 0 || '''1'''
|-
! colspan="5" | Own Goals
| 1 || 0 || '''1'''
|-
! colspan="5" | Total
! 10 !! 4 !! 14
|}
'''Source''': [https://www.indiansuperleague.com/stats/461-138-goals-player-statistics Indian Super League]

===Assists===

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center"
|-
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Rank
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{Tooltip|Nation|Mentions the nationality of the player.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Name
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | No.
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{Tooltip|Position(s)|Mentions the position(s) played by the player.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | League
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Super Cup
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Total
|-
| rowspan="1" |1
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Ebindas Yesudasan]]
| 47
| [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|CM]]
| 4 || 0 || '''4'''
|-
| rowspan="6" |2
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|SCO}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Jai Quitongo]]
| <s>9</s>
| [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|CM]]
| 1 || 0 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|URU}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Adrián Luna]]
| <s>10</s>
| [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|CM]]
| 0 || 1 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Nihal Sudeesh]]
| 17
| [[Midfielder#Winger|WF]]
| 0 || 1 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Juan Rodríguez (footballer, born 1995)|Juan Rodríguez]]
| <s>22</s>
| [[Defender (association football)#Centre-back|CB]]
| 0 || 1 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ARG}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Franchu]]
| 23
| [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|AM]]
| 1 || 0 || '''1'''
|-
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|MAR}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Karim Benarif]]
| 23
| [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|CM]]
| 1 || 0 || '''1'''
|-
! colspan="5" | Total
! 7 !! 3 !! 10
|}

===Clean-sheets===

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center"
|-
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Rank
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | {{Tooltip|Nation|Mentions the nationality of the player.}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Name
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | No.
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | League
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Super Cup
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; text-align:center;" | Total
|- bgcolor="#EFEFEF"
| 1
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Nora Fernandes]]
| 22
| 0 || 2 || '''2'''
|-
! colspan="4" | Total
! 0 !! 2 !! 2
|}

=== Disciplinary record ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%; text-align: center;"
! rowspan=2 style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; | {{Tooltip|No.|Mentions the squad number of the player.}}
! rowspan=2 style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; |{{Tooltip|Position(s)|Mentions the position(s) played by the player.}}
! rowspan=2 style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; | {{Tooltip|Nation|Mentions the nationality of the player.}}
! rowspan=2 style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; | Name
! colspan=3 style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; | {{colored link|#FADF20|2025–26 Indian Super League|League}}
! colspan=3 style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; | {{colored link|#FADF20|Super Cup (India)|Super Cup}}
! colspan=3 style="background:#2A5AA1; color:#FADF20; | Total
|-

! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; | {{Fb yellow card}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; | {{Fb second yellow card}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; | {{Fb red card}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; | {{Fb yellow card}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; | {{Fb second yellow card}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; | {{Fb red card}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; | {{Fb yellow card}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; | {{Fb second yellow card}}
! style="background:#FADF20; color:#2A5AA1; | {{Fb red card}}
|-
| 2
| [[Defender (association football)#Center-back|CB]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|GUI}}
| style="text-align:left;" | Oumar Bah
| 1 || 0 || 0 || 0|| 0 || 0 || '''1''' || '''0''' || '''0'''
|-
| 3
| [[Defender (association football)#Full-back|RB]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Soraisham Sandeep Singh|Sandeep Singh]]
| 0 || 0 || 0 || 2|| 1 || 0 || '''2''' || '''1''' || '''0'''
|-
| 5
| [[Defender (association football)#Full-back|LB]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Muhammed Saheef]]
| 1 || 0 || 0 || 1|| 0 || 0 || '''2''' || '''0''' || '''0'''
|-
| <s>10</s>
| [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|CM]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|URU}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Adrián Luna]]
| 0 || 0 || 0 || 1|| 0 || 0 || '''1''' || '''0''' || '''0'''
|-
| 10
| [[Midfielder#Attacking midfielder|AM]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|GER}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Marlon Roos-Trujillo]]
| 1 || 0 || 0 || 0|| 0 || 0 || '''1''' || '''0''' || '''0'''
|-
| 11
| [[Midfielder#Winger|WF]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Korou Singh]]
| 0 || 0 || 0 || 1|| 0 || 0 || '''1''' || '''0''' || '''0'''
|-
| 13
| [[Midfielder|CM]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Danish Farooq Bhat|Danish Farooq]]
| 1 || 0 || 0 || 0|| 0 || 0 || '''1''' || '''0''' || '''0'''
|-
| 50
| [[Defender (association football)#Full-back|LB]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Huidrom Naocha Singh|Naocha Singh]]
| 2 || 0 || 0 || 0|| 0 || 0 || '''2''' || '''0''' || '''0'''
|-
| 63
| [[Defender (association football)#Center-back|CB]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Bikash Yumnam]]
| 1 || 0 || 0 || 0|| 0 || 0 || '''1''' || '''0''' || '''0'''
|-
| 97
| [[Midfielder#Central midfielder|CM]]
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Lalthanmawia Renthlei]]
| 0 || 0 || 0 || 1|| 0 || 0 || '''1''' || '''0''' || '''0'''
|-
! colspan="4" |Total
! 7 !! 0 !! 0 !! 6 !! 1 !! 0 !! 13 !! 1 !! 0
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Kerala Blasters FC}}
{{Indian Super League}}

[[Category:Kerala Blasters FC seasons]]
[[Category:2025–26 Indian Super League season by team|Kerala Blasters]]

INS Kabra

2026-05-06T12:16:05Z

Tyrone73H144:

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2019}}{{Short description|Indian patrol vessel}}
{{italic title|string=Kabra}}{{Infobox ship
|section1={{Infobox ship/image
|image=INS Kabra.jpg
|image_caption=
}}

|section2={{Infobox ship/characteristics
|hide_header=
|header_caption=
|class= [[Car Nicobar-class fast attack craft]]
|type=[[Fast Attack Craft]]
|tonnage=
|displacement= 320 tons<ref name=toi30oct>{{cite news|title=Warship INS Kabra joins Indian Navy|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-08/india/29633709_1_indian-navy-grse-smaller-ships|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103071158/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-08/india/29633709_1_indian-navy-grse-smaller-ships|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|accessdate=30 October 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=8 June 2011}}</ref>
|length=49 m<ref name=toi30oct/>
|beam= 7.5<ref name=toi30oct/>
|height=
|draught=
|draft=
|depth=
|hold_depth=
|decks=
|deck_clearance=
|ramps=
|ice_class=
|power=
|propulsion=3 water jet propulsion engines producing 11,238 hp
|sail_plan=
|speed=35+ knots<ref name=toi30oct/>
|range=2,000 miles @ 12-14 knots
|endurance=
|test_depth=
|boats=
|capacity=
|troops=
|complement=
|crew= 3 officers and 39 sailors <ref name=toi30oct/>
|time_to_activate=
|sensors=
|EW=
|armament=*1 × [[CRN 91 Naval Gun|CRN-91]] 30mm [[autocannon]]<ref name=toi30oct/>
*[[9K38 Igla|Igla]] SA-18 [[surface-to-air missile|SAM]]<ref name=toi30oct/>
*2 × 12.7mm [[heavy machine gun|HMGs]]
*ASW capability
|armour=
|armor=
|aircraft=
|aircraft_facilities=
|notes=
}}
}}

'''INS ''Kabra''''' is the eighth ship of the series of ten Fleet I {{Sclass|Car Nicobar|fast attack craft|1}} built by [[Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers]] (GRSE) for the [[Indian Navy]]. It is named after an island of the [[Andaman and Nicobar]] [[archipelago]]. The vessels are designed as a cost-effective platform for high-speed offshore patrol, [[Anti-piracy measures|anti-piracy]] and rescue operations in [[India]]'s [[Exclusive Economic Zone#India|Exclusive Economic Zone]].<ref name=hindu_commissioned/>

The class and its vessels are named for Indian islands. They are the first [[water jet (propulsion)|water jet propelled]] vessels of the Indian Navy.<ref name=id-rep4229>{{cite web|url=http://www.india-defence.com/reports-4229|title=Indian Navy to Commission INS Carnicobar, INS Chetlat|publisher=India Defence|date=2009-02-16|accessdate=2011-09-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814060245/http://www.india-defence.com/reports-4229|archive-date=14 August 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

INS Kabra was commissioned by [[Vice admiral (India)|Vice Admiral]] K.N. Sushil, Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief of the [[Southern Naval Command]], at the [[INS Venduruthy|Kochi naval base]] on 8 June 2011.<ref name="hindu_commissioned">{{cite news |date=9 June 2011 |title=Fast Attack Craft INS Kabra commissioned |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article2088393.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610182911/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article2088393.ece |archive-date=10 June 2011 |accessdate=21 June 2012 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

==Design==
The ''Car Nicobar'' class vessels were designed and built by GRSE. Production of the class was fast-tracked after the [[2008 Mumbai attacks]]. The vessels feature improved habitability with fully air-conditioned modular accommodation, on board [[reverse osmosis]] plant for [[desalination]], and a [[sewage treatment]] plant.<ref name=id-rep4229/><ref name=bl-rajabagan>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/blnus/14161631.htm |title=GRSE delivers two warships from Rajabagan Dockyard |publisher=The Hindu Business Line |accessdate=2011-09-16 }}{{dead link|date=April 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

The vessels are each powered by three HamiltonJet HM811 water jets, coupled with MTU 16V 4000 M90 engines, delivering a combined 8160 KW of power. An aluminum superstructure reduces weight and is designed to reduce radar cross-section.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}

As patrol vessels, they are lightly armed. They carry various sensors, including the Furuno navigation radar and sonar. Armament on board includes a 30mm [[CRN 91 Naval Gun|CRN-91]] [[automatic cannon]] with an electronic day-night fire control system of [[Ordnance Factories Organisation|Ordnance Factory Board]] (OFB) and [[Bharat Electronics Limited]] (BEL) origin. The vessels also mount two 12.7mm [[heavy machine gun]]s (HMG) and multiple medium machine guns, besides carrying shoulder-launched [[9K38 Igla|Igla]] [[surface-to-air missile]]s to combat aerial threats.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}

==Service history==
On 8 January 2024, ''Kabra'' arrived at the [[Port of Colombo]], situated in [[Colombo]], [[Sri Lanka]], as part of a formal visit. Following the completion of the official engagement, the vessel departed from the island on 10 January 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.navy.lk/eventnews/2024/01/08/202401081730/ |title=INS Kabra arrives in Colombo |publisher=Sri Lanka Navy |last= |first= |date=8 January 2024 |accessdate=26 August 2024 |archive-date=26 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240826072553/https://news.navy.lk/eventnews/2024/01/08/202401081730/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Active/201-Car-Nicobar-Class.html Car Nicobar Class - Bharat Rakshak] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016044836/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Active/201-Car-Nicobar-Class.html |date=16 October 2011 }}
*[https://archive.today/20130203183355/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1071128/asp/calcutta/story_8599567.asp New age ship for patrol]

==Media==

===Video===
*[http://specials.rediff.com/news/2008/jul/17video1.htm Indian Navy adds new warships]

===Images===
*[http://www.grse.nic.in/events10.htm Commissioning ceremony of INS Kora Divh and INS Cheriyam]
*[http://pib.nic.in/release/phsmall.asp?phid=22108 Governor taking salute during commissioning ceremony]
*[http://pib.nic.in/release/phsmall.asp?phid=22110 INS Car Nicobar during commissioning ceremony]
*[http://pib.nic.in/release/phsmall.asp?phid=22111 INS Chetlat during commissioning ceremony]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kabra}}
[[Category:Car Nicobar-class patrol vessels]]
[[Category:2010 ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in Kolkata]]

Sarath City Capital Mall

2026-05-06T11:45:44Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating initial location w/ refs

{{Short description|Shopping mall in Hyderabad, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox shopping mall
| name = Sarath City Capital Mall
| image = Sarath city capital mall hyderabad.jpg
| image_width =
| caption =
| location = [[Kondapur]], [[Hyderabad]]
| coordinates = {{coord|17.457|N|78.364|E|display=inline,title}}
| address = [[Kondapur]], [[Hyderabad]]
| opening_date = 2018
| developer = Skill Promoters Private Limited
| manager = Skill Promoters Pvt Ltd & Dymes Engineers Pvt Ltd
| owner = Skill Promoters Pvt Ltd & Dymes Engineers Pvt Ltd
| number_of_stores = 400
| floor_area = 2,700,000 sq ft
| floors = 8
| parking = Multilevel
| website = https://sarathcitycapitalmall.com/
}}

'''Sarath City Capital Mall''' is a shopping mall in [[Hyderabad]], [[India]]. It is located in [[Kondapur|the Kondapur]] area of the city and is also one of the largest shopping malls in all of India. It is generally referred to by the locals as "AMB Mall"<ref>{{Cite web |title=About us – Sarath City Capital Mall |date=13 February 2020 |url=https://sarathcitycapitalmall.com/about-us/ |access-date=2025-03-03 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Keval |first=Varun |date=15 September 2024 |title=Sarath City Capital, Nexus Mall Make Top 25 Most Visited Malls in India |url=https://www.bizzbuzz.news/TelanganaState/GHMC/sarath-city-capital-nexus-mall-make-top-25-most-visited-malls-in-india-1336509 |access-date=3 March 2025 |work=Bizz Buzz}}</ref>

The mall has a dedicated area of about 2,700,000 sq ft, meaning mall retail space of 1,931,000 sq ft, has parking spaces for over 4000 cars and over 6000 bikes and is split into 8 floors.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Karki |first=Poorva |title=10 Biggest Malls In India {{!}} Hyderabad's Sarath City Capital Mall To Noida's DLF Mall of India |url=https://www.thedailyjagran.com/viral/10-biggest-malls-in-india-hyderabad-sarath-city-capital-mall-to-noida-dlf-mall-of-india-10131208 |access-date=3 March 2025 |work=English Jagran}}</ref>

It has 2 food courts, a hypermarket by the [[Dutch people|Dutch]] brand [[Spar (retailer)|Spar]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-05 |title=Best SPAR Hypermarket in Hyderabad {{!}} Shop Groceries, Electronics & More at Sarath City Capital Mall |url=https://sarathcitycapitalmall.com/spar-hypermarket-hyderabad/ |access-date=2025-10-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> An [[amusement park]] and Arcade by the name Tridom, a [[Multiplex (movie theater)|cinema multiplex]] called AMB Cinemas, which is a [[joint venture]] between Indian [[Multiplex (movie theater)|Multiplex]] chain [[Asian Cinemas]] and Telugu Film Actor and Indian Celebrity [[Mahesh Babu]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-15 |title=Tridom - Sarath City Capital Mall |url=https://sarathcitycapitalmall.com/tridom/ |access-date=2025-10-04 |language=en-US}}</ref>, a [[marketplace]] called BAZAAR, has over 500 [[Brand|brands]] in the mall for people to shop for, etc.

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:Sarath city capital mall 2 hyd.jpg|outside view of the mall
File:Sarath city capital mall kondapur.jpg|Sarath city capital mall
File:AMB Mall.jpg|AMB Cinemas in mall
File:Sarath City Capital Mall (21044).jpg|a part of the inside of the mall
File:Sarath City Capital Mall (92326).jpg|road to the parking lot of the mall
</gallery>

== Amenities ==

=== Brands ===

* [[Trent Limited|Zudio]], Centro, Comet, [[Van Heusen (brand)|Vanheusen]], [[Shoppers Stop]], Bata, [[Reebok]], [[Forever 21]], Mia by [[Tanishq]], etc<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sinha |first=Smita |date=30 April 2019 |title=Centro opens new store in Hyderabad's Sarath City Capital Mall |url=https://www.retail4growth.com/news/centro-opens-new-store-in-hyderabads-sarath-city-capital-mall-4346 |work=Retail 4 Growth}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=27 May 2022 |title=Forever 21 unveils its all-new flagship store at Sarath City Capital Mall in Hyderabad |url=https://orissadiary.com/forever-21-unveils-its-all-new-flagship-store-at-sarath-city-capital-mall-in-hyderabad/ |access-date=3 March 2025 |work=Orissa Diary}}</ref>
* The mall also features a local multiplex by AMB Cinemas<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMB Cinemas – Sarath City Capital Mall |date=15 February 2020 |url=https://sarathcitycapitalmall.com/amb-cinemas/ |access-date=2025-03-03 |language=en-US}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://sarathcitycapitalmall.com/ Official Website]

{{Shopping malls in India}}

[[Category:Shopping malls in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Shopping malls established in 2018]]
[[Category:2018 establishments in Telangana]]

{{Mall-stub}}
{{India-struct-stub}}

36 Guni Jodi

2026-05-05T16:08:59Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating New Entry!

{{Short description|2023 Indian Marathi language TV series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox television
| image = 36 Guni Jodi ZM.jpg
| image_size =
| company = Seventh Sense Media
| last_aired = {{End date|2023|12|24|df=y}}
| first_aired = {{Start date|2023|01|23|df=y}}
| network = [[Zee Marathi]]
| num_episodes = 294
| language = Marathi
| num_seasons =
| editor =
| theme_music_composer =
| open_theme =
| end_theme =
| writer =
| producer = Shashank Solanki
| country = India
| director = Abhijeet Patil
| starring = [[#Cast|See below]]
| genre = [[Drama]]
| caption =
| location = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 22 minutes
| related = ''Varudhini Parinayam''
}}

'''''36 Guni Jodi''''' ({{translation|36 Qualities Pair}}) is an Indian [[Marathi language]] drama series that aired on [[Zee Marathi]]. It starred Aayush Salunkhe and Anushka Sarkate in lead roles. It is produced by Shashank Solanki and directed by Abhijeet Patil under the banner of ''Seventh Sense Media''. It premiered from 23 January 2023 by replacing ''[[Majhi Tujhi Reshimgath]]''. It is an official remake of Telugu TV series ''Varudhini Parinayam''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=New TV show 36 Guni Jodi starring Aayush Sanjeev and Anushka Sarkate to premiere soon - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/new-tv-show-36-guni-jodi-starring-aayush-sanjeev-and-anushka-sarkate-to-premiere-soon/articleshow/97005327.cms|access-date=2023-01-15|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Vedant and Amulya are as different as chalk and cheese and always at loggerheads.

=== Special episode (1 hour) ===
# 5 March 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title='३६ गुणी जोडी' मालिकेत नवा ट्विस्ट, वेदांतसमोर येणार आरती आणि विक्रांतचं सत्य!|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/chhattis-guni-jodi-marathi-serial-episodic-a592/|access-date=2023-03-01|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
# 23 April 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title=३६ गुणी जोडीमध्ये नवा ट्विस्ट, भर लग्न मंडपात आरती मारणार वेदांतच्या थोबाडीत, पण....|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/36-guni-jodi-marathi-serial-episodic-a-a592/|access-date=2023-04-21|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
# 14 May 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title=‘माझी तुझी रेशीमगाठ’ संपणार? ‘३६ गुणी जोडी’च्या प्रोमोने वाढवलं टेन्शन, भडकले प्रेक्षक|url=https://www.lokmat.com/television/majhi-tujhi-reshimgath-serial-may-off-air-zee-marathi-share-36-guni-jodi-promo-a590/|access-date=2022-12-28|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref>
# 16 July 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title=३६ गुण जुळणार की ३६ चा आकडा.. येतेय भन्नाट मालिका..|url=https://www.esakal.com/manoranjan/chhattis-guni-jodi-new-marathi-serial-on-zee-marathi-nsa95|access-date=2023-01-12|website=[[Sakal]]|language=mr}}</ref>
# 3 September 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title='सा रे ग म प लिटिल चॅम्प्स'फेम रोहित राऊतचं अभिनय क्षेत्रात पदार्पण; 'या' मालिकेत दिसणार|url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/bollywood/saregamapa-little-champs-fame-singer-rohit-raut-in-marathi-serial-36-guni-jodi-television-entertainment-latest-update-1200343|access-date=2023-08-11|website=[[ABP Majha]]|language=mr}}</ref>
# 12 November 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title=‘३६ गुणी जोडी’ मालिकेची वेळ बदलली, आता ‘या’ वेळेत पाहता येणार|url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan/television/zee-marathi-serial-36-guni-jodi-timing-change-new-promo-sare-kahi-tichyasathi-serial-nrp-97-3865356/|access-date=2023-08-21|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref>
# 24 December 2023<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vidisha Mhaskar Roped in for 36 Guni Jodi; Actress to leave Rang Maza Vegla?|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/vidisha-mhaskar-roped-in-for-36-guni-jodi-actress-to-leave-rang-maza-vegla-6870775.html|access-date=2023-01-19|website=[[News18]]}}</ref>

== Cast ==
=== Main ===
* Aayush Sanjeev as Vedant Shridhar Wankhede<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ayush Sanjeev Returns With 36 Guni Jodi: I Got Offers After My First TV Show But I Rejected Them As They All Had A Similar Concept - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/ayush-sanjeev-returns-with-36-guni-jodi-i-got-offers-after-my-first-tv-show-but-i-rejected-them-as-they-all-had-a-similar-concept/etphotostory/98518156.cms|access-date=2023-03-09|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* Anushka Sarkate as Amulya Ashish Tumpalwar<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anushka Sarkate is delighted to be back on TV with the upcoming show 36 Guni Jodi - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/anushka-sarkate-is-delighted-to-be-back-on-tv-with-the-upcoming-show-36-guni-jodi/articleshow/98180255.cms|access-date=2023-02-23|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

=== Recurring ===
;Wankhede family
* [[Abhijeet Chavan]] as Shridhar Wankhede - Vedant's father
* Pradnya Jawale as Nutan Shridhar Wankhede - Vedant's mother
* Tejas Dongre / Swanand Ketkar as Vikrant Shridhar Wankhede - Vedant's brother, Aarti's husband<ref>{{Cite web|title=Actor 'Tejas Dongre' will appear in the serial '36 Guni Jodi' on Zee Marathi|url=https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/actor-tejas-dongre-will-appear-in-the-serial-36-guni-jodi-on-zee-marathi/81850353.html|access-date=2023-01-24|website=[[Ahmedabad Mirror]]}}</ref>
* Akshata Apte as Aadya Shridhar Wankhede / Aadya Sarthak Badwaik - Vedant's sister, Sarthak's wife
* Sanyogita Bhave as Aaji - Nutan's mother

;Tumpalwar family
* Rujuta Deshmukh as Suman Ashish Tumpalwar - Amulya's mother<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rujuta Deshmukh shares her happiness about playing Suman Tumpalwar in 36 Guni Jodi - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/rujuta-deshmukh-shares-her-happiness-about-playing-suman-tumpalwar-in-36-guni-jodi/articleshow/99603436.cms|access-date=2023-04-19|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* Avinash Narkar as Ashish (Anna) Tumpalwar - Amulya's father
* Sanjana Kale as Aarti Ashish Tumpalwar / Aarti Vikrant Wankhede - Amulya's sister, Vikrant's wife

;Badwaik family
* Surabhi Bhave-Damle as Sumati Rajsingh Badwaik - Suman's sister, Sarthak's mother
* Sagar Korade as Sarthak Rajsingh Badwaik - Amulya's cousin, Aadya's husband
* Vidisha Mhaskar as Sarika Rajsingh Badwaik - Sarthak's sister
* Milind Adhikari as Rajsingh Badwaik - Sarthak's father

;Others
* [[Milind Shinde]] as Purushottam Gudpallivar<ref>{{Cite web|title=Popular actor Milind Shinde is all set to be a part of 36 Guni Jodi - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/popular-actor-milind-shinde-is-all-set-to-be-a-part-of-36-guni-jodi/articleshow/99933904.cms|access-date=2023-05-02|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> - Nutan's right hand
* [[Rohit Raut]] as Amartya - Vedant's friend
* [[Ruchira Jadhav]] as Sahitya Gaikwad - Vedant's fiance<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mazhya Navryachi Bayko fame Ruchira Jadhav to play Sahitya in 36 Guni Jodi - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mazhya-navryachi-bayko-fame-ruchira-jadhav-to-play-sahitya-in-36-guni-jodi/articleshow/104951217.cms|access-date=2023-11-03|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* Milind Shirole as Vijay Pawar - Vedant's P.A.
* Sanjit Pednekar as Shripad - Office worker
* Rucha Modak as Meena - Clinic receptionist
* Ruturaj Phadke as Gautam Prabhakar Ghorpade - Aarti's fiance
* Pooja Gore as Pallavi Gautam Ghorpade - Gautam's wife
* Shubhada Naik as Prabha Prabhakar Ghorpade - Gautam's mother

== Adaptations ==
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; margin-right: 0;"
|- style="color:white"
! style="background:#7b0c0c; width:20%;"| Language
! style="background:#7b0c0c; width:24%;"| Title
! style="background:#7b0c0c; width:13%;"| Original release
! style="background:#7b0c0c; width:16%;"| Network
! style="background:#7b0c0c; width:15%;"| Last aired
! style="background:#7b0c0c; width:18%;"| Notes
|-
| [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| ''Varudhini Parinayam'' వరూధినీ పరిణయం
| 5 August 2013
| [[Zee Telugu]]
| 10 August 2016
| Original
|-
| [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| ''[[Poove Poochudava (TV series)|Poove Poochudava]]'' பூவே பூச்சூடவா
| 24 April 2017
| [[Zee Tamil]]
| 4 September 2021
| rowspan="8"| Remake
|-
| [[Kannada]]
| ''[[Gattimela]]'' ಗಟ್ಟಿಮೇಳ
| 11 March 2019
| [[Zee Kannada]]
| 5 January 2024
|-
| [[Malayalam]]
| ''[[Pookkalam Varavayi (TV series)|Pookkalam Varavayi]]'' പൂക്കാലം വരവായ്
| 1 July 2019
| [[Zee Keralam]]
| 26 September 2021
|-
| [[Odia language|Odia]]
| ''[[Sathire]]'' ସାଥିରେ
| 3 October 2022
| Zee Sarthak
| 30 September 2023
|-
| [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| ''[[Dildariyan]]'' ਦਿਲਦਾਰੀਆਂ
| 14 November 2022
| [[Zee Punjabi]]
| 6 October 2023
|-
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| ''[[Mon Dite Chai]]'' মন দিতে চাই
| 2 January 2023
| [[Zee Bangla]]
| 24 May 2024
|-
| rowspan="2"| [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| ''36 Guni Jodi'' ३६ गुणी जोडी
| 23 January 2023
| rowspan="2"| [[Zee Marathi]]
| 24 December 2023
|-
| ''[[Sanai Chaughade]]'' सनई चौघडे
| 16 March 2026
| Ongoing
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt26599535}}
* [https://www.zee5.com/tv-shows/details/36-guni-jodi/0-6-4z5281484 ''36 Guni Jodi''] at [[ZEE5]]

[[Category:Marathi-language television shows]]
[[Category:2023 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Zee Marathi original programming]]
[[Category:2023 Indian television series endings]]
[[Category:Remakes of Indian television series]]

Tammareddy Bharadwaja

2026-04-26T14:14:01Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating first post initial version

{{short description|Indian film director and producer|bot = PearBOT 5}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Tammareddy Bharadwaja
| image = Tammareddy Bharadwaja.jpg
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1948|6|30|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| occupation = Producer, Director
| spouse =
| children =
| awards =
}}

'''Tammreddy Bharadwaja''' is an Indian film director and producer known for his work in [[Telugu cinema]].<ref>{{cite web |date=9 February 2022 |title=Tammareddy Bharadwaja: అవార్డులు ఇవ్వట్లేదు.. మినీ థియేటర్లకు ప్రోత్సాహం లేదు |url=https://www.eenadu.net/telugu-news/movies/bharadwaja-thammareddy-press-meet/0201/122027986 |access-date=18 October 2022 |website=[[Eenadu]] |language=te}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Rao |first=Rama |date=9 February 2022 |title=Tammareddy Bharadwaja: తెలుగు చిత్ర పరిశ్రమ సమస్యలను జగన్ త్వరగా పరిష్కరించాలి |url=https://www.hmtvlive.com/andhra/producer-tammareddy-bharadwaj-appeals-to-cm-jagan-77229 |access-date=18 October 2022 |website=[[HMTV]] |language=te}}</ref> Over his career, Bharadwaja directed more than 20 films and produced around 15 films. He also served as the president of the Telugu Film Chamber of Commerce.<ref>{{cite web |date=30 July 2012 |title=Tammareddy Bharadwaja is film chamber president |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/tammareddy-bharadwaja-is-film-chamber-president/articleshow/15262356.cms |access-date=18 October 2022 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> He is known for his role as a liaison between film producers and workers' unions.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=13 May 2001 |title=Interview with Tammareddy Bharadwaja by Jeevi |url=https://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/interview_tammareddy.html |access-date=23 October 2022 |website=[[Idlebrain.com]]}}</ref> Bharadwaja is the son of veteran producer [[Tammareddy Krishna Murthy]], a recipient of the prestigious [[Raghupathi Venkaiah Award]].<ref name=":12">{{cite web |date=11 February 2009 |title=Raghupathi Venkaiah award 2007 to Tammareddy Krishna Murthy |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/telugu/article/44994.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301031711/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/telugu/article/44994.html |archive-date=1 March 2009 |website=IndiaGlitz |publisher=}}</ref>

Bharadwaja began his career as a producer with ''[[Kothala Raayudu|Kothala Rayudu]]'' (1979), followed by ''[[Mogudu Kaavali|Mogudu Kavali]]'' (1980), both of which starred [[Chiranjeevi]] and achieved commercial success. He later transitioned to directing, delivering successful films such as ''Alajadi'' (1990), ''Pachani Samsaram'' (1993), and ''Swarnakka'' (1998). In 2006, he directed ''Pothe Poni'', which won the [[Nandi Awards|Nandi Award]] for [[Nandi Award for Best Feature Film#Best Feature Film - Gold|Best Feature Film (Gold)]].<ref name=":1" />

==Early life==
Tammreddy Bharadwaja is born in a film family. His father, [[Tammareddy Krishna Murthy]] is a film producer who received the [[Raghupathi Venkaiah Award]].<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=2009-02-15 |title=Starry fare marks awards night in |url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/02/15/stories/2009021560040500.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090223234517/http://hindu.com/2009/02/15/stories/2009021560040500.htm |archive-date=2009-02-23 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> His brother Lenin Babu is also a film director.<ref name=":0" />

Since his childhood, Bharadwaja was interested in labour problems. His father was a [[Communism|communist]]. Bharadwaja was a union member in Students' Union Federation. Due to these reasons, he was attracted towards [[Trade union|labour union]] problems. Later on in his career, this made him useful as a liaison between Telugu film producers and film workers' unions.<ref name=":0" />

Bharadwaja did his schooling in Wesley High School, [[Secunderabad]]. He later did his B. E. in the College of Engineering, Osmania University.{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}

== Career ==
Bharadwaja pursued a career as a Civil Engineer in Andhra Pradesh's irrigation department and also had a brief stint at Hyderabad municipal corporation.{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}} He then stepped into film industry in 1979 as a producer and later became a director.<ref name=":0" />

Bharadwaja started a film [[production company]], ''Charita Chitra'' named after his daughter. His first film as a producer was ''[[Kothala Raayudu|Kothala Rayudu]]'' (1979). It was also the first film for [[Chiranjeevi]] as a full-fledged solo lead.<ref name=":0" /> His second film was ''[[Mogudu Kaavali|Mogudu Kavali]]'' (1980) also starring Chiranjeevi. ''Kothala Rayudu'' ran for 100 days film and ''Mogudu Kavali'' ran for 175 days.<ref name=":0" />

Bharadwaja debuted as a director with ''Manmatha Samrajyam'' (1989) starring [[Malashri|Malasri]]. His second film as a director was ''Alajadi'' (1990),<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.zaminryot.com/pdf/1990/Mar/2-mar-1990.pdf | title=కాంగ్రెస్చీలిపోతుందా? | language=te | trans-title=Will Congress split? | website=www.zaminryot.com}}</ref> which was commercially successful. Then he directed more films in the next few years, out of which ''Pachani Samsaram'' (1993) was a box-office hit.<ref name=":0" />

In 1995, he produced and directed ''Vetagadu'', a remake of Hindi film ''[[Baazigar]]'' (1993). The film was a major financial set back for Bharadwaja. After the failure of ''Vetagadu'', he closed his office and quit the film industry. His even went abroad to settle down. He came back and changed his banner name to ''Ravindra Arts'', which was his father's banner. He produced and directed ''Swarnakka'' (1998) on that banner which became successful.<ref name=":0" />

Bharadwaja produced ''[[Suri (2000 film)|Suri]]'' in 2000 which became a [[Box-office bomb|box-office disaster]]. As per Bharadwaja, for ''Suri'', he even lacked the money to put the movie titles or market the film in newspapers.<ref name=":0" /> His next directorial film ''[[Ramma Chilakamma]]'' (2001) starred [[Sumanth]] and [[Laya (actress)|Laya]] and was a box-office failure.''<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=28 November 2001 |title=Sumanth's Sabhash on the backtrack |url=http://www.idlebrain.com/news/2000march20/news179.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423051456/http://www.idlebrain.com/news/2000march20/news179.html |archive-date=23 April 2021 |access-date=2 August 2022 |website=[[Idlebrain.com]]}}</ref>'' His 2006 directorial venture, ''Pothe Poni'' was critically acclaimed and won the [[Nandi Awards|Nandi Award]] for [[Nandi Award for Best Feature Film|Best Feature Film - Gold]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=నంది అవార్డు విజేతల పరంపర (1964–2008) |trans-title=A series of Nandi Award Winners (1964–2008) |url=http://ipr.ap.nic.in/New_Links/Film.pdf |access-date=27 October 2022 |publisher=[[Andhra Pradesh (magazine)|Information & Public Relations of Andhra Pradesh]] |language=Telugu}}</ref>

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Film
! scope="col" | Director
! scope="col" | Producer
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
| 1979
| ''[[Kothala Raayudu]]''
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|Debut as a film producer
| rowspan="6" |<ref name=":0" />
|-
| 1980
| ''[[Mogudu Kaavali]]''
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|
|-
| 1981
| ''Maro Kurukshetram''
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|
|-
| 1983
| ''Iddaru Kiladilu''
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|
|-
|1989
|''Manmadha Samrajyam''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|Debut film as a director
|-
| 1990
| ''Alajadi''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| 1990
| ''Kadapa Reddamma''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|
|-
| 1990
| ''Neti Dourjanyam''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|
|-
| 1991
| ''Siva Sakthi''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|
|-
| 1992
| ''Pachani Kapuram''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|
|-
| 1993
| ''[[Rowdy Annayya]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|
|-
| 1993
| [[One by Two (1993 film)|''One by Two'']]
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|
|
|-
| 1993
| ''Pachani Samsaram''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| 1993
| ''Urmila''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|Remake of Hindi film ''[[Damini]]''
|
|-
| 1993
| ''Nagajyothi''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|
|-
| 1994
| ''Bangaru Mogudu''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|
|-
| 1994
| ''Donga Rascal''
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|
|
|-
| 1995
| ''Vetagadu''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|Remake of Hindi film ''[[Baazigar]]'' (1993)
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| 1995
| ''Simha Gharjana''
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|
|
|-
| 1996
| ''Kuthuru''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|
|-
| 1997
| ''Atha Nee Koduku Jhagartha''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|
|-
| 1998
| ''[[Antahpuram]]''
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|Co-producer
|
|-
| 1998
| ''Swarnakka''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|
|<ref name=":0" />
|-
| 1998
| ''Swarna Mukhi''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|
|-
| 1999
| ''Sanchalanam''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|
| rowspan="4" |<ref name=":0" />
|-
| 2000
| [[Soori (2001 film)|''Suri'']]
| {{no}}
| {{yes|Uncredited}}
|
|-
| 2001
| ''[[Ramma Chilakamma]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| 2002
| ''Entha Bagundho''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Nenu Pelliki Ready]]''
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|
|
|-
| 2006
| ''Pothe Poni''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|[[Nandi Award for Best Feature Film|Nandi Award for Best Feature Film - Gold]]
|
|-
|2014
|''Prathighatana''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|
|
|}

;Actor
* ''[[Ee Rojullo]]'' (2012) as himself
* ''[[Seenu Vasanthi Lakshmi]]'' (2004)
* ''Nenera Police'' (1991) as Villain

; As distributor
*''[[Palasa 1978]]'' (2020)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://tammareddybharadwaj.com Tammareddy Bharadwaj]
* {{IMDb name|0856997}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bharadwaja, Tammareddy}}
[[Category:Film producers from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Telugu film directors]]
[[Category:Telugu film producers]]
[[Category:1948 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Film directors from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian people]]

Cholo Paltai

2026-04-25T19:11:01Z

Tyrone73H144:

{{more citations needed|date=March 2019}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Chalo Paltai
| image = Chalo Paltai poster.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| native_name =
| director = [[Haranath Chakraborty]]
| producer = Mahendra Soni Shrikant Mohta
| writer = [[N. K. Salil]]
| screenplay = [[N.K. Salil]]
| story =
| based_on =
| narrator =
| starring = [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]] [[Aryann Bhowmik]] [[Tathoi Deb]]
| music = [[Anupam Roy]]
| cinematography = Soumik Haldar
| editing = Rabiranjan Moitra
| studio = [[Shree Venkatesh Films]]
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2011|3|4|Kolkata}}
| runtime =
| country = [[India]]
| language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Cholo Paltai''''' ({{Translation|'''''Let's Change'''''}}) is a 2011 Indian [[Bengali language|Bengali]]-language [[Social problem film|social problem]] [[Sports film|sports drama film]] co-written and directed by [[Haranath Chakraborty]]. Produced by [[Shree Venkatesh Films|Shrikant Mohta]] and Mahendra Soni under the banner of [[Shree Venkatesh Films]], it stars [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]] and [[Aryann Bhowmik]] in the lead roles, playing the roles of father and son respectively. It is based on the lives and desires of the present generation children. ''Cholo Paltai'' released on 4 March 2011.<ref>{{cite news |title=Chalo Paltai Movie Review |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movie-reviews/chalo-paltai/movie-review/7662257.cms |access-date=14 March 2025 |work=[[Times of India]] |date=18 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="o">{{cite news |last=Nag |first=Kushali |last2=Bhattacharya |first2=Arijit |date=4 April 2011 |title=Battle for box office |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110404/jsp/entertainment/story_13805427.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110407083552/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110404/jsp/entertainment/story_13805427.jsp |archive-date=7 April 2011 |access-date=7 April 2011 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |publisher= |location= |quote="People have liked the treatment and appreciated the message we tried to convey. I am satisfied with the response,” says Chakraborty.}}</ref>

== Plot ==
The film revolves around the relationship between a father and a son. Subhomoy Chatterjee, a widower, lives with his two children- Gourav and Munni. Though poor in academics, Gourav loves cricket as a passion and is extremely talented in it, he is appreciated by everyone for his excellence in Cricket. Gourav wants to become a Professional cricketer in the future and play for [[India national cricket team|Indian Cricket Team]], which only results in his father opposing his dreams, whose wish is to see his son flourish as an engineer or a doctor. Gourav failed in the school pre-board exams and as a result, his principal did not allow him to sit for [[Madhyamik]] unless he scored 75% grades required for Main Board Exams. Heartbroken by this, Subhomoy pleaded with the principal to give him 5 days, during which Gourav would prosper in his studies and produce the required results. But things remain the same.

One day, a violent clash occurred between Gourav and Subhomoy, as Gourav decides not to sit for the exam, raged by this Subhomoy destroys his cricket bat threatening to him, Gourav retaliates he will continue to play come what may and in fury, Subhamoy struck Gourav, to which he fell and his head got a severe injury after getting hit by a bed. He became unconscious and was immediately taken to hospital, where the doctors reported that he had entered into a coma. Following this Doctors inform the Police and get Subhomoy arrested on charges of physical assault, who gets out of prison thanks to his neighbor.

Subhomoy, who was deeply hurt by this incident, changed his thoughts and started protesting against the educational system of the state, which pressured children's minds and took away all the freedom needed to enjoy their childhood. He states his arguments on News TV and soon becomes a local hero and the voice of thousands of common people. But the government authorities took no notice of him. Therefore, Subhomoy hatches a plan to directly talk to the Chief Minister. He ties a bomb (which later turns out to be a fake model made by him and his daughter Munni) to his body and manages to enter the CM's office. He impressed the CM with his lecture on the disadvantages of the modern-day education structure, to which the CM replied that he agreed that there is a need for change and government will try to achieve it. The film ends as the doctors perform an operation on Gourav which turns out to be successful, and he returns as a cricketer, hitting a century in his first cricket match.

== Cast ==
* [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]] as Subhomoy
* [[Aryann Bhowmik]] as Gourav
* [[Tathoi Deb]] as Munni
* [[Rajatava Dutta]] as Imraan bhai
* [[Mouli Ganguly]] as Malini
* Debranjan Nag as Subhomoy's neighbour
* B. D. Mukherjee as Chief Minister of West Bengal
* [[Sambaran Banerjee]] as Himself (Cricket coach)
* Supriyo Dutta as police officer
* [[Jagannath Guha]] as a teacher (special appearance)

== Soundtrack ==

{{Infobox album
| name = Chalo Paltai
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = [[Anupam Roy]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 2011
| recorded = 2010
| venue =
| studio = [[Shree Venkatesh Films]]
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length =
| label = [[Shree Venkatesh Films|SVF]]
| producer = [[Mahendra Soni]], [[Shrikant Mohta]]
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
| misc = {{Singles
| name = Chalo Paltai
| type = Soundtrack
| single1 = Class Room
| single1date = 4 Feb 2011
| single2 = Bhul Korechi
| single2date = 12 Feb 2011
| single3 = Bariye Dao
| single3date = 19 Feb 2011
}}
}}

{{track listing
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music = [[Anupam Roy]]
| extra_column = Singer
| title1 = Class Room - Children Version
| length1 = 4:27
| lyrics1 = [[Anupam Roy]]
| extra1 = Rahul, Adrita, Swaralipi, Dipamala
| music1 =
| title2 = Bhul Korechi
| length2 = 4:27
| lyrics2 = [[Anupam Roy]]
| extra2 = Raghav Chatterjee
| music2 =
| title3 = Bariye Dao
| length3 = 4:14
| lyrics3 = [[Anupam Roy]]
| extra3 = [[Anupam Roy]]
| music3 =
| title4 = Class Room
| length4 = 4:27
| lyrics4 =
| extra4 = [[Anupam Roy]]
| music4 =
| title5 = Chalo Paltai
| length5 = 4:04
| lyrics5 =
| extra5 = Sayak Bandopadhyay
| music5 =
}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Haranath Chakraborty}}
{{Shree Venkatesh Films}}

[[Category:Bengali-language Indian films]]
[[Category:2011 Bengali-language films]]
[[Category:Films about the education system in India]]
[[Category:Indian sports drama films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Anupam Roy]]
[[Category:2010s sports drama films]]
[[Category:2011 sports films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Haranath Chakraborty]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by N. K. Salil]]

Umed Singh (Rajasthan politician)

2026-04-22T01:33:38Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating first biography added tags

{{Short description|Indian politician (1936–2006)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Umed Singh
| image = Rawat Umed Singh Rathore Barmer.jpg
| caption = Umed Singh
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1936|10|05|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Barmer, Rajasthan|Barmer]], India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2006|9|29|1936|10|05|df=y}}
| office = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly|MLA]]
| constituency = [[Barmer (Lok Sabha constituency)|Barmer]], [[Sheo]], [[Didwana]]
| term =
| successor =
| portfolio =
| spouse =
| children =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Umed Singh''' (5 October 1936 – 29 September 2006) was a politician from [[Rajasthan]] state, India.

Singh was elected for a first five-year term as [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) from [[Barmer district]], Rajasthan, in 1962, on an Independent ticket.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Rajasthan_1962.pdf |title=Statistical report on the 1962 election to the Legislative Assembly|pages=7, 212}}</ref> In 1980, he was elected for a second five-year term as MLA from Deedwana constituency on a [[Janata Party]] ticket.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Rajasthan.pdf |title=Statistical report on 1980 election of Rajasthan Assembly|pages=8, 251}}</ref> In 1985, he was elected for a third five-year term as MLA from [[Sheo]] constituency on a Janata Party ticket.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%201985%20Rajasthan.pdf |title=Statistical report on 1985 election of Rajasthan Assembly|pages=8, 250}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Umed}}
[[Category:Rajasthani people]]
[[Category:1936 births]]
[[Category:2006 deaths]]
[[Category:Janata Party politicians]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:People from Barmer, Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1980–1985]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1962–1967]]
[[Category:Rajasthan MLAs 1985–1990]]

{{Rajasthan-politician-stub}}

Blaira

2026-04-21T20:05:14Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating New Stub

{{Short description|Genus of amphibians}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Ghatophryne ornata or Malabar Torrent Toad.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Blaira ornata]]''
| taxon = Ghatophryne
| authority = [[Alain Dubois|Dubois]], [[Annemarie Ohler|Ohler]], and Pyron, 2021
| type_species = ''[[Ghatophryne ornata|Ansonia ornata]]''
| type_species_authority = Günther, "1876" 1875
| diversity = 2 species (see [[#Species|text]])
| synonyms = ''Ghatophryne''
}}

'''''Blaira''''' is a small genus of [[Bufonidae|true toads]] endemic to the southern [[Western Ghats]], India.<ref name=frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Ghatophryne |title=''Ghatophryne'' Biju, Van Bocxlaer, Giri, Loader, and Bossuyt, 2009 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2014 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=7 September 2014}}</ref> The genus was erected in 2021 as a valid substitute name for '''''Ghatophryne''''' which was created in 2009 for ''[[Ghatophryne ornata|Ansonia ornata]]'' which was found to be distinct enough to warrant its own genus. This was however considered an invalid description as it was published in an only a digital medium (before 2012, the ICZN rules were subsequently modified); ''[[Ghatophryne rubigina|Ansonia rubigina]]'' was moved based on its morphological similarity and distribution.<ref name=Biju>{{cite journal |last1=Biju|first1=S.D.|last2=Van Bocxlaer|first2=Ines|last3=Giri|first3=Varad B.|last4=Loader|first4=Simon P.|last5=Bossuyt|first5=Franky |title=Two new endemic genera and a new species of toad (Anura: Bufonidae) from the Western Ghats of India |journal=BMC Research Notes |year=2009 |volume=2 |page=241 |doi=10.1186/1756-0500-2-241|pmid=19968866|pmc=2797014|doi-access=free}}</ref>

==Description==
''Blaira'' are small-sized toads with adult males measuring up to {{convert|30|mm|abbr=on}} and females up to {{convert|35|mm|abbr=on}} in snout–vent length. The [[Dorsum (anatomy)|dorsum]] is reddish brown; ventrum is dark brownish black with prominent yellowish-orange spots. They do not possess [[parotoid gland]]s. Fingers are free of webbing whereas the toes are medium webbed. Skin on dorsum has sparsely granular projections, especially on anterior half of the body. Eggs are non-pigmented. [[Tadpole]]s have a suctorial disk, an adaptation to mountain streams.<ref name=Biju/>

==Species==
This small genus has two species at present:<ref name=frost/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb>{{cite web |url=http://www.amphibiaweb.org/lists/Bufonidae.shtml|title=Bufonidae |year=2014 |work=AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application] |publisher=Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb |access-date=7 September 2014}}</ref>
* ''[[Blaira ornata]]'' (Günther, 1876) — ornate toad, Malabar torrent toad, or black torrent toad
* ''[[Blaira rubigina]]'' (Pillai and Pattabiraman, 1981) — Kerala stream toad, Silent Valley torrent toad, or red torrent toad

==References==
{{Commons category|Ghatophryne}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3104797}}

[[Category:Blaira| ]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Asia]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of the Western Ghats]]
[[Category:Endemic amphibians of India]]
[[Category:Amphibian genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Alain Dubois]]

Olokkhis in Goa (TV series)

2026-04-19T19:26:36Z

Tyrone73H144: Starting The Stub With Sources!

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Olokkhis-in-Goa Web series.jpg
| caption =
| director = Joydip Banerjee
| producer = Santanu Chatterjee
| writer = Joydip Banerjee and Soumit Deb
| genre = Comedy
| screenplay =
| story =
| starring = Anuradha Mukherjee, Priyanka Bhattacharjee, Avery Singha Roy, Priyanka Mondal
| music =
| cinematography =
| editor =
| studio =
| released = {{Start date|2023|01|22|df=y}}
| runtime =
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 5
| country = India
| language = Bengali
| network = [[Klikk]]
| budget =
}}
'''''Olokkhis in Goa''''' is a 2023 [[Bengali language]] [[comedy]] [[streaming television]] series.<ref>{{cite web |title=Web series 'Olokkhis in Goa' to stream soon |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/web-series-olokkhi-in-goa-to-stream-soon/articleshow/96548772.cms |website=The Times of India |date=16 January 2023}}</ref> Loosely based on [[Rough Night]], it was written and directed by Joydip Banerjee and produced by Santanu Chatterjee.<ref>{{cite web |title=স্বপ্নের গোয়ায় কোথা থেকে এল লাশ! 'অলক্ষ্মীজ ইন গোয়া'র ডার্ক কমেডিতে মন মজেছে |url=https://bengali.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/olokkhis-in-goa-review-klikk-otts-new-thriller-web-series-is-a-must-watch-ss-977995.html |website=News18 Bengali |language=bn |date=26 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Banerjee |first1=Ashish |title=Olokkhis in Goa 2023 Web Series: A Bachelorette Party Gone Wrong Takes a Hilarious Turn |url=https://www.brutimes.com/news/entertainment/olokkhis-in-goa-2023-web-series-a-bachelorette-party-gone-wrong-takes-a-hilarious-turn |website=Bru Times News |language=en}}</ref>

The main cast of the series is Anuradha Mukherjee, Priyanka Bhattacharjee, Avery Singha Roy, Priyanka Mondal. OIG was released on 22 January 2023 on [[Klikk]] OTT platform.<ref>{{cite web |title=In pics: Trailer launch of Bengali webs series Olokkhis in Goa |url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/galleries/2023/jan/19/in-pics-trailer-launch-of-bengali-webs-series-olokkhis-in-goa-1692.html |website=Indulgexpress.com |date=19 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Olokkhis In Goa: Latest News, Photos and Videos on Olokkhis In Goa |url=https://bengali.abplive.com/topic/olokkhis-in-goa |website=bengali.abplive.com |language=bn}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Living the Bollywood dream, Hoi, Ronita, Barsha, and Titash take a holiday to Goa as Titash's bachelorette. Amazing adventures await, some unexpected connections arise, and old grudges, hurt feelings, and misunderstandings resurface. The tale of four unfortunate companions who have never experienced true wealth or tranquility and who appear to bring their bad luck with them everywhere they go is told in Olokkhis in Goa.<ref>{{cite web |title=Olokkhis In Goa: জমজমাট লেডিজ নাইটে লঞ্চ হল 'অলক্ষ্মীজ ইন গোয়া'র দ্বিতীয় গান, অপেক্ষা স্ট্রিমিংয়ের |url=https://bangla.aajtak.in/cinema-and-tv-serial-news/tollywood-bengali-cinema/story/klik-new-web-series-olokkhis-goas-second-news-song-release-special-ladies-night-500859-2023-01-21 |website=Aaj Tak বাংলা |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Olokkhis In Goa |url=https://www.ottplay.com/show/web-series-olokkhis-in-goa-2023/af83d54d07995 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref>

== Cast ==
*Anuradha Mukherjee as Ranita ([https://www.instagram.com/anuradhamukherjee/?hl=en IG])
*Priyanka Bhattacharjee as Hoi ([https://www.instagram.com/priyankabhattacharjeebubly/?hl=en IG])
*Avery Singha Roy as Barsha ([https://www.instagram.com/singharoyavery/?hl=en IG])
*Priyanka Mondal as Titas ([https://www.instagram.com/priyankamondalofficial/?hl=en IG])

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt26542609}}

[[Category:Indian web series]]
[[Category:2024 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Bengali-language web series]]

Rajnagar, Bihar Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:49:38Z

Tyrone73H144: Starting Initial Stub W/ Infobox!

{{For|disambiguation|Rajnagar (disambiguation){{!}}Rajnagar}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Rajnagar, Bihar
| type = SLA
| map_image = 37-Rajnagar, Bihar constituency.svg
| map_caption =
| map_alt =
| mla = [[Sujit Paswan]] 
| party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| alliance = [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
| latest_election_year = [[2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2025]]
| region =
| state = [[Bihar]]
| district = [[Madhubani district|Madhubani]]
| division =
| loksabha_cons =
| constituency_no = [[List of constituencies of the Bihar Legislative Assembly|37]]
| established = 1967
| electors = 313,288
| reservation = SC
| abolished = 
}}
'''Rajnagar Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Madhubani district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Bihar]]. It is reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|scheduled castes]].

==Overview==
As per Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008, No. 37 Rajnagar Assembly constituency is composed of the following: [[Rajnagar Bihar|Rajnagar]] and Andhratharhi [[Community Development Block in India|community development blocks]].<ref name=commission>{{cite web|url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |title = Schedule – XIII of Constituencies Order, 2008 of Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008 of the Election Commission of India|work= Schedule VI Bihar, Part A – Assembly constituencies, Part B – Parliamentary constituencies |access-date = 2011-01-10 }}</ref>

Rajnagar Assembly constituency is part of No. 7 [[Jhanjharpur (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name=commission/>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Name<ref name="election2018">{{Cite web |title=Rajnagar Election and Results 2018, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up, Current MLA and Previous MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/bihar/assembly-constituencies/rajnagar.html |access-date= |website=Elections in India}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
|[[1967 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|Ram Krishna Mahato
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[1969 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1969]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Bilat Paswan Vihangam]]
|-
|[[1972 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|-
|colspan="4"|{{center|''1977-2008: Constituency defunct''}}
|-
|[[2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2010]]
|Ram Lakhan Ram Raman
| {{Full party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal|rowspan=2}}
|-
|2014^
|Ramawtar Paswan
|-
|[[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2015]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Ram Prit Paswan (Indian politician)|Ram Prit Paswan]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2020]]
|-
|[[2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2025]]
|[[Sujit Paswan]]
|-
|}

==Election results==
=== 2025 ===
{{Election box begin |title=[[2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]: Rajnagar<ref name="2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly Election Results: Rajnagar">{{cite news |title=2025 Bihar Legislative Assembly Election Results: Rajnagar |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2025/candidateswise-S0437.htm|access-date=3 December 2025 |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=14 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251223060012/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2025/candidateswise-S0437.htm|archive-date=23 December 2025}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = [[Sujit Paswan]]
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = {{formatnum:108362}}
|percentage = 56.79
|change = +5.37
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Rashtriya Janata Dal
|candidate = Bishnu Deo Mochi
|votes = {{formatnum:66177}}
|percentage = 34.68
|change = -5.75
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jan Suraaj Party
|candidate = Surendra Kumar Das
|votes = {{formatnum:5669}}
|percentage = 2.97
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Aam Janta Pragati Party
|candidate = Rampari Devi
|votes = {{formatnum:3568}}
|percentage = 1.87
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bhartiya Chetna Party
|candidate = Maheshwar Paswan
|votes = {{formatnum:1838}}
|percentage = 0.96
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:2889}}
|percentage = 1.51
|change = -0.96
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:42185}}
|percentage = 22.11
|change = +11.12
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:190800}}
|percentage = 60.9
|change = +8.37
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = BJP
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2020 ===

In the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] election of 2015, the Communist Party of India (CPI) won Rajnagar seat by defeating rival Ramavtar Paswan of [[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]].

{{Election box begin |title=[[2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]: Rajnagar<ref name="election2020">{{Cite web |date=2021-01-13 |title=Bihar General Legislative Election 2020 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/12787-bihar-legislative-election-2020/ |website=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = [[Ram Prit Paswan (Indian politician)|Ram Prit Paswan]]
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = {{formatnum:89459}}
|percentage = 51.42
|change = {{increase}}5.19
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Rashtriya Janata Dal
|candidate = Ramawatar Paswan
|votes = {{formatnum:70338}}
|percentage = 40.43
|change = {{decrease}}1.77
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Rakesh Kumar
|votes = {{formatnum:2017}}
|percentage = 1.16
|change = {{decrease}}0.31
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Voters Party International
|candidate = Raja Ram Chaupal
|votes = {{formatnum:1612}}
|percentage = 0.93
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jago Hindustan Party
|candidate = Arun Kumar Mandal
|votes = {{formatnum:1600}}
|percentage = 0.92
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:4303}}
|percentage = 2.47
|change = {{increase}}0.24
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:19121}}
|percentage = 10.99
|change = {{increase}}6.96
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:173977}}
|percentage = 52.53
|change = {{increase}}0.33
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2015 ===
{{Election box begin
|title = [[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]: Rajnagar<ref name="Rajnagar Constituency Election Results 2015 - 2025">{{cite news |title=Rajnagar Constituency Election Results 2015 - 2025 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/bihar/constituency-show/rajnagar|access-date=3 December 2025 |publisher=The Times of India |date=14 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251223055834/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/bihar/constituency-show/rajnagar|archive-date=23 December 2025 |language=en}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Ram Prit Paswan
|votes = {{formatnum:71614}}
|percentage = 46.23
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Rashtriya Janata Dal
|candidate = Ramawatar Paswan
|votes = {{formatnum:65372}}
|percentage = 42.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Maheswar Ram
|votes = {{formatnum:2650}}
|percentage = 1.71
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Rakesh Kumar
|votes = {{formatnum:2271}}
|percentage = 1.47
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Vishnath Paswan
|votes = {{formatnum:2029}}
|percentage = 1.31
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation
|candidate = Utim Paswan
|votes = {{formatnum:1945}}
|percentage = 1.26
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:3447}}
|percentage = 2.23
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:6242}}
|percentage = 4.03
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:154905}}
|percentage = 52.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |title=Results of all Bihar Assembly elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/68-bihar/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}

{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Bihar}}
{{Darbhanga Division topics}}
{{coord|26|24|N|86|11|E|region:IN-{{IndAbbr|[[Bihar]]}}|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Bihar]]
[[Category:Politics of Madhubani district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1967]]
[[Category:1967 establishments in Bihar]]

Nelamangala Assembly constituency

2026-04-14T03:31:18Z

Tyrone73H144: Starting A Data W/ Infobox!

{{Short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Karnataka, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Nelamangala
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 181
| map_image = 181-Nelamangala constituency.svg
| map_caption = Map of Assembly constituency
| mla = N Srinivas
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| preceded_by = K. Shrinivasamurthy
| state = [[Karnataka]]
| district = [[Bangalore Rural district|Bangalore Rural]] and [[Ramanagara district|Ramanagara]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Chikkaballapur Lok Sabha constituency|Chikkaballapur]]
| established = 1951
| reservation = SC
| incumbent_image =
| electors = {{formatnum:217473}}<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/15163-karnataka-2023/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election - 2023 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in |access-date=24 July 2023 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{update after|2028|7}}
}}
'''Nelamangala Assembly constituency''' is one of the 224 constituencies in the [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]] of [[Karnataka]], a southern state of [[India]]. It is also part of [[Chikballapur Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{cite news |title=DELIMITATION OF PARLIAMENTARY AND ASSEMBLY CONSTITUENCIES ORDER, 2008 |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |work=Election commission of India |access-date= 9 October 2017}}</ref>

==Members of the Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" rowspan="2" | [[1952 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1952]] || D. M. Govindaraju || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=6}}
|-
| K. Prabhakar
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" rowspan="2" | [[1957 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1957]] || Alur Hanumanthappa
|-
| Lokesvaniratha. M. Hanumanthaiah
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1962 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || K. Prabhakar
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1967 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || A. Hanumanthappa
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1972 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || H. Maregowda || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[1978 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1978]] || K. Prabhakar || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)}}
|-
| [[1983 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1983]] || Sathyanarayana. M. G || {{Full party name with color|Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1985 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1985]] || B. Guruprasad
|-
| [[1989 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1989]] || Anjana Murthy || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1994 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1994]] || Dr. M. Shankar Naik || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}
|-
| [[1999 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1999]] || rowspan="2" | Anjana Murthy || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
|-
| [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2008]] || M. V. Nagaraju || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2013]] || rowspan="2" | Dr. K. Sreenivasamurthy || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal (Secular)|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018]]
|-
| [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]] || [[N. Shreenivasaiah]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}

==Election results==
=== Assembly Election 2023 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref name="Karnataka Assembly Election Results 2023- Nelamangala">{{cite news |title=Karnataka Assembly Election Results 2023- Nelamangala |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS10181.htm?ac=181 |access-date=4 April 2025 |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=13 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250404110523/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS10181.htm?ac=181 |archive-date=4 April 2025}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[N. Shreenivasaiah]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 84,229 |percentage = 48.72% |change = {{increase}}20.87 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. K. Sreenivasamurthy |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 52,251 |percentage = 30.22% |change = {{decrease}}12.69 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sapthagiri Shankarnaik |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 30,582 |percentage = 17.69% |change = {{decrease}}8.75 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. M. Gangabylappa |party = Aam Aadmi Party |votes = 1,650 |percentage = 0.95% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Narasimhamurthy. G |party = Uttama Prajaakeeya Party |votes = 1,327 |percentage = 0.77% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 979 |percentage = 0.57% |change = {{decrease}}0.14 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 31,978 |percentage = 18.50% |change = {{increase}}3.43 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 174,389 |percentage = 80.19% |change = {{increase}}0.77 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 172,882}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 217,473 |ref = |change = {{increase}}6.73 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Janata Dal (Secular) |swing = {{increase}}5.81 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2018 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. K. Sreenivasamurthy |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 69,277 |percentage = 42.91% |change = {{increase}}7.34 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = R. Narayanaswamy |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 44,956 |percentage = 27.85% |change = {{increase}}1.16 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. V. Nagaraju |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 42,689 |percentage = 26.44% |change = {{increase}}15.05 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,151 |percentage = 0.71% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 24,321 |percentage = 15.07% |change = {{increase}}6.19 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 161,828 |percentage = 79.42% |change = {{increase}}2.54 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 161,435}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 203,761 |ref = |change = {{increase}}11.81 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Janata Dal (Secular) |swing = {{increase}}7.34 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2013 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2013 : To the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |website=eci.nic.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=2014-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220034253/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. K. Sreenivasamurthy |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 60,492 |percentage = 35.57% |change = {{increase}}6.82 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Anjana Murthy |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 45,389 |percentage = 26.69% |change = {{decrease}}4.40 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. V. Nagaraju |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 19,368 |percentage = 11.39% |change = {{decrease}}21.57 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Cheluvaraju. H. P |party = Karnataka Janata Paksha |votes = 9,821 |percentage = 5.77% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 15,103 |percentage = 8.88% |change = {{increase}}7.01 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 140,103 |percentage = 76.88% |change = {{increase}}6.75 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 170,066}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 182,244 |ref = |change = {{increase}}11.13 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Janata Dal (Secular) |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}2.61 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2008 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web |title=General Election Karnataka Legislative Assembly 2008 Election Statistics |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |publisher=Government of Karnataka |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201232433/https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |archive-date=1 February 2021 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = M. V. Nagaraju |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 37,892 |percentage = 32.96% |change = {{increase}}4.68 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Anjana Murthy |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 35,741 |percentage = 31.09% |change = {{decrease}}1.12 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. K. Sreenivasamurthy |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 33,057 |percentage = 28.75% |change = {{increase}}1.24 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. M. Shankar Naik |party = Janata Dal (United) |votes = 4,038 |percentage = 3.51% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Lawyer Ramaiah |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,668 |percentage = 1.45% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Krishnamurthy. T |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,057 |percentage = 0.92% |change = {{decrease}}1.15 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Vijayabhaskar. N |party = Samajwadi Party |votes = 846 |percentage = 0.74% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,151 |percentage = 1.87% |change = {{decrease}}2.06 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 115,005 |percentage = 70.13% |change = {{increase}}6.25 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 114,970}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 163,985 |ref = |change = {{decrease}}10.20 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}0.75 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2004 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2004 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2004/StatisticalReports_KT_2004.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006204912/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2004/StatisticalReports_KT_2004.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Anjana Murthy |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 37,578 |percentage = 32.21% |change = {{decrease}}32.90 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. Guruprasad |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 32,992 |percentage = 28.28% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shankar Naik. M |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 32,085 |percentage = 27.51% |change = {{increase}}23.75 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Cheluvaraju. H. P |party = Independent politician |votes = 5,807 |percentage = 4.98% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ramappa |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 2,416 |percentage = 2.07% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shankarrao. K. N |party = Janata Party |votes = 1,912 |percentage = 1.64% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Chandrashekaraiah. S |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,185 |percentage = 1.02% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Bhaskar Prasad. B. R |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,080 |percentage = 0.93% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Gaviyappa. B. H |party = Kannada Nadu Party |votes = 824 |percentage = 0.71% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 4,586 |percentage = 3.93% |change = {{decrease}}30.05 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 116,650 |percentage = 63.88% |change = {{decrease}}3.85 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 116,650}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 182,609 |ref = |change = {{increase}}20.43 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}32.90 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1999 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1999 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-KT99.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006053217/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-KT99.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Anjana Murthy |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 64,682 |percentage = 65.11% |change = {{increase}}25.77 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. M. Shankar Naik |party = Janata Dal (United) |votes = 30,925 |percentage = 31.13% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kempamma |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 3,731 |percentage = 3.76% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 33,757 |percentage = 33.98% |change = {{increase}}30.68 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 102,695 |percentage = 67.73% |change = {{decrease}}5.20 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 99,338}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 3,217 |percentage = 3.13% |change = {{increase}}1.68 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 151,629 |ref = |change = {{increase}}17.75 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Janata Dal |swing = {{increase}}22.47 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1994 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1994 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1994 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1994/StatisticalReport-KT94.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006211324/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1994/StatisticalReport-KT94.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. M. Shankar Naik |party = Janata Dal |votes = 39,459 |percentage = 42.64% |change = {{increase}}15.02 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Anjana Murthy |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 36,408 |percentage = 39.34% |change = {{decrease}}12.93 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = L. S. Ravi Prakash |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 13,384 |percentage = 14.46% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. Guruprasad |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,558 |percentage = 1.68% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = N. Murthy |party = Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee |votes = 602 |percentage = 0.65% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,051 |percentage = 3.30% |change = {{decrease}}21.35 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 93,909 |percentage = 72.93% |change = {{increase}}1.36 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 92,546}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,363 |percentage = 1.45% |change = {{decrease}}2.63 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 128,767 |ref = |change = {{increase}}13.59 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Janata Dal |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}9.63 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1989 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1989 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1989 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report%20karnataka%201989.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007070737/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report%20karnataka%201989.pdf|archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Anjana Murthy |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 40,675 |percentage = 52.27% |change = {{increase}}14.97 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dr. M. Shankar Naik |party = Janata Dal |votes = 21,491 |percentage = 27.62% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. Guruprasad |party = Janata Party |votes = 14,055 |percentage = 18.06% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ramappa |party = Bharatiya Rashtriya Party |votes = 1,027 |percentage = 1.32% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 19,184 |percentage = 24.65% |change = {{decrease}}0.76 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 81,132 |percentage = 71.57% |change = {{decrease}}3.12 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 77,820}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 3,312 |percentage = 4.08% |change = {{increase}}2.78 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 113,364 |ref = |change = {{increase}}34.48 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}10.43 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1985 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1985 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201985.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006143216/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201985.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = B. Guruprasad |party = Janata Party |votes = 38,967 |percentage = 62.70% |change = {{increase}}6.56 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Anjana Murthy |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 23,177 |percentage = 37.30% |change = {{decrease}}0.09 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 15,790 |percentage = 25.41% |change = {{increase}}6.65 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 62,962 |percentage = 74.69% |change = {{increase}}8.47 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 62,144}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 818 |percentage = 1.30% |change = {{decrease}}0.24 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 84,298 |ref = |change = {{increase}}9.49 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}6.56 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1983 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1983 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1983 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/Statistical%20Report%201983%20karnatkaa.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007124742/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/Statistical%20Report%201983%20karnatkaa.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Sathyanarayana. M. G |party = Janata Party |votes = 28,185 |percentage = 56.14% |change = {{increase}}14.75 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Anjana Murthy |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 18,769 |percentage = 37.39% |change = {{increase}}34.98 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Hanumanthappa |party = Lokdal |votes = 1,739 |percentage = 3.46% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Gangaraju |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 354 |percentage = 0.71% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Gopal. C |party = Independent politician |votes = 335 |percentage = 0.67% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Gangaiah |party = Independent politician |votes = 321 |percentage = 0.64% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 9,416 |percentage = 18.76% |change = {{increase}}16.03 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 50,985 |percentage = 66.22% |change = {{decrease}}1.53 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 50,201}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 784 |percentage = 1.54% |change = {{decrease}}0.77 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 76,990 |ref = |change = {{increase}}8.78 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress (I) |swing = {{increase}}12.02 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1978 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1978 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201978.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007164123/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201978.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = K. Prabhakar |party = Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 20,666 |percentage = 44.12% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Doddathimmaiah |party = Janata Party |votes = 19,388 |percentage = 41.39% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = H. Ravi |party = Independent politician |votes = 3,995 |percentage = 8.53% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. Gangabyraiah |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,396 |percentage = 2.98% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = T. Kempahanumaiah |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 1,130 |percentage = 2.41% |change = {{decrease}}41.02 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 1,278 |percentage = 2.73% |change = {{decrease}}10.41 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 47,947 |percentage = 67.75% |change = {{increase}}8.25 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 46,838}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,109 |percentage = 2.31% |change = {{increase}}2.31 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 70,773 |ref = |change = {{increase}}5.91 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress (I) |loser = Independent politician |swing = {{decrease}}12.45 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1972 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisRep_Mysore_72.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006074555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisRep_Mysore_72.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = H. Maregowda |party = Independent politician |votes = 21,977 |percentage = 56.57% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = T. V. Manumantharaju |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 16,871 |percentage = 43.43% |change = {{decrease}}12.78 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 5,106 |percentage = 13.14% |change = {{decrease}}11.25 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 39,758 |percentage = 59.50% |change = {{decrease}}3.12 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 38,848}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 66,822 |ref = |change = {{increase}}25.00 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Independent politician |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}0.36 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1967 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1967 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Mysore%201967.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006083645/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Mysore%201967.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = A. Hanumanthappa |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 17,508 |percentage = 56.21% |change = {{increase}}2.73 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = H. Maregowda |party = Independent politician |votes = 9,911 |percentage = 31.82% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. Channappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,538 |percentage = 8.15% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Gavithimmaiah |party = Independent politician |votes = 691 |percentage = 2.22% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = A. Hanumaiah |party = Independent politician |votes = 501 |percentage = 1.61% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 7,597 |percentage = 24.39% |change = {{increase}}4.96 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 33,478 |percentage = 62.62% |change = {{increase}}13.47 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 31,149}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 53,458 |ref = |change = {{increase}}27.05 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}2.73 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1962 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1962 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Mysore_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006093153/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Mysore_1962.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = K. Prabhakar |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 10,352 |percentage = 53.48% |change = {{decrease}}20.00 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Lokesvaniratha. M. Hanumanthaiah |party = Independent politician |votes = 6,591 |percentage = 34.05% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. Muniyappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,413 |percentage = 12.47% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,761 |percentage = 19.43% |change = {{decrease}}15.68 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 20,680 |percentage = 49.15% |change = {{increase}}7.98 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 19,356}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 42,078 |ref = |change = {{decrease}}49.44 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}10.49 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1957 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1957 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Mysore_1957.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111195053/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Mysore_1957.pdf |archive-date=11 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Alur Hanumanthappa |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 29,458 |percentage = 42.99% |change = {{increase}}1.63 }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Lokesvaniratha. M. Hanumanthaiah |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 20,897 |percentage = 30.49% |change = {{decrease}}10.87 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Nanjappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 5,399 |percentage = 7.88% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. Muniyappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 4,675 |percentage = 6.82% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dugle Gowda |party = Independent politician |votes = 3,201 |percentage = 4.67% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = V. Chickayellappa |party = Praja Socialist Party |votes = 2,761 |percentage = 4.03% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Thimmegowda |party = Praja Socialist Party |votes = 2,135 |percentage = 3.12% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 24,059 |percentage = 35.11% |change = {{increase}}28.14 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 68,526 |percentage = 41.17% |change = {{decrease}}32.18 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 68,526}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 83,219 |ref = |change = {{increase}}8.99 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}16.62 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1952 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1952 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Nelamangala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1951 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatRep_51_MYSORE.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007130946/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatRep_51_MYSORE.pdf|archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = D. M. Govindaraju |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 14,771 |percentage = 26.37% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = A. B. Hanumantharaya |party = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party |votes = 10,865 |percentage = 19.40% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = K. Prabhakar |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 8,394 |percentage = 14.99% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Honnasiddaiah |party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 7,616 |percentage = 13.60% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = K. Krishanappa |party = Independent politician |votes = 4,779 |percentage = 8.53% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = M. Muniyappa |party = Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party |votes = 3,845 |percentage = 6.86% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. Chennasomanna |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,944 |percentage = 5.26% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Thimmarayappa |party = Socialist Party (India, 1948) |votes = 1,417 |percentage = 2.53% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Gangappa. N. Karanikaru |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,378 |percentage = 2.46% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,906 |percentage = 6.97% |change = }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 56,009 |percentage = 36.68% |change = }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 56,009}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 76,356 |ref = |change = }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Bangalore Rural district]]
* [[List of constituencies of Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of Karnataka}}
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Bengaluru Rural district]]
[[Category:Politics of Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in Mysore State]]
{{coord|13.10|77.39|display=title}}

Electric Loco Shed, Tughlakabad

2026-04-13T16:02:08Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating A Post

{{more citations needed|date=September 2023}}
{{Short description|Loco shed in Delhi, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2020}}
{{Infobox Railway Depot
| embed =
| name = Electric Loco Shed, Tughlakabad
| image = Tejas-express-powered-by-wap-7.jpg
| image_upright = 1.5
| image_alt = The shed is located near Tughlakabad railway station
| caption = A Tughlakabad-based WAP-7 at New Delhi
| map_type = India Delhi
| coordinates = {{coord|28.512366|77.290482|display=inline,title}}
| map_size = 250
| location = [[Badarpur, Delhi]]
| owner = [[Indian Railways]]
| operator = [[West Central Railway zone]]
| depotcode = TKD
| type = [[Engine shed]]
| roads = 6
| rollingstock = [[WAP-7]] [[WAG-9]] [[WAG-9|WAG-9H]] [[WAG-9|EF9K]]
| routes =
| opened = {{Start date and age|1988|06|15|df=y}}<ref name = "WCR - Electric Loco Shed, Tughlakabad">{{cite web |last= |first= |date=2021 |title=Electric Loco Shed, Tughlakabad |url=https://wcr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1616585316635-TKD%20Shed%20RTI.pdf |website=wcr.indianrailways.gov.in |location= |publisher=[[West Central Railway zone|WCR]] |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=5 April 2026}}</ref>
| closed =
| original =
| pregrouping =
| postgrouping =
| former_rolling_stock = [[Indian locomotive class WAM-4|WAM-4]] [[Indian locomotive class WAG-5|WAG-5]] [[Indian locomotive class WAG-7|WAG-7]]
| image_width =
}}

The '''Electric Loco Shed, Tughlakabad''' is a [[motive power depot]] performing maintenance and repair for [[electric locomotives]] of the [[Indian Railways]]. Located at {{stnlnk|Tughlakabad}} in [[Delhi]] and belonging to the [[Kota railway division|Kota division]], it is one of the three electric loco sheds under [[West Central Railway zone|West Central Railway]] (along with [[Electric Loco Shed, Itarsi|Itarsi]] and [[New Katni Junction railway station|New Katni]]), and the only one located within [[Northern Railway zone|Northern Railway]] territory.<ref name = "WCR - Kota Division">{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Kota Division |url=https://wcr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,1,2176,2192 |website=wcr.indianrailways.gov.in |location= |publisher=[[West Central Railway zone|WCR]] |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |quote=The division have ''(sic)'' an Electric Loco Shed, having the holding capacity of 212 locomotives for the maintenance of electric locomotives at Tughlakabad. |access-date=5 April 2026}}</ref>

== History ==
The Tughlakabad loco shed was commissioned on 15 June 1988 with an initial holding of 100 locomotives.<ref name = "WCR - Electric Loco Shed, Tughlakabad" />

== Livery and markings ==
[[File:TKD ELS Logo.png|thumb|150px|Logo Mark of '''Electric Loco Shed, Tughlakabad''']]
Tughlakabad ELS has its own logo and stencils. It is written on loco's body side as well as front & back side.

== Locomotives ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Serial No.
!Locomotive Class
!Horsepower
!Quantity
|-
|1.
|[[WAP-7]]
|6350
|87
|-
|2.
|[[WAG-9]]
|6120
|21
|-
|3.
|[[WAG-9|WAG-9H]]
|6120
|183
|-
|4.
|[[WAG-9|EF9K]]
|9000
|6
|-
| colspan="3" |'''Total active locomotives as of April 2026'''<ref name = "eLocos - Holding and Availability">{{Cite web |title=Electric Loco Holding & Availability Targets |url=http://elocos.railnet.gov.in/Holding/holding.html |website=elocos.railnet.gov.in |access-date=28 February 2026}}</ref><ref name = "IR - Traction Circulars">{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Traction Circulars |url=http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,1,304,366,541,710,717 |location= |publisher=[[Indian Railways|IR]] |access-date=28 February 2026}}</ref>
|297
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category}}

* [http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,1,304,366,549,687,709%7COfficial Website]
* [http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-shed.html#sr%7CLoco Particulars]
* [https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=1roX7g62tnMMg55hY1MrsHO9jZWA&hl=en_US&ll=11.4184021004248%2C78.02839185468747&z=7%7CGoogle maps of Indian Railway Loco Sheds]
* [https://vimeo.com/185662473%7CVideo showing the Tughlakabad Electric Loco Shed]

{{Locomotives Sheds of India}}

[[Category:Electric railway depots in India|Tuglakabad]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Delhi]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Delhi]]
[[Category:1977 establishments in Delhi]]

Wai Khandala Assembly constituency

2026-04-09T18:29:53Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating the article more to come

{{Short description|Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Wai Khandala
| type= SLA
| state = Maharashtra
| established = 1951 <ref name="delimitation1951">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3968-dpaco-1951/ |title=DPACO (1951) - Archive Delimitation Orders - Election Commission of India |access-date= 9 December 2020 |pages=52–124}}</ref>
| abolished = 1955 <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/146-archive-delimitation-orders |title= Archive Delimitation Orders - Final Order DC (1953-1955) |access-date=31 January 2026 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref>
| electors = 64,747
| mla = Dadasaheb Khasherao Jagtap
| party = {{Party index link|Peasants and Workers Party of India}}
| constituency_no =
| latest_election_year = [[1952 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election|1952]]
| district =
| loksabha_cons =
| reservation =
}}
'''Wai Khandala Assembly constituency''' was an assembly constituency in the [[India]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Maharashtra]]. After 1955 Delimitation act, it was split into [[Wai Assembly constituency|Wai]] and [[Phaltan Assembly constituency|Phaltan]].

==Members of the Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| bgcolor="#FFB2B2" | [[1952 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election|1952]] || Dadasaheb Khasherao Jagtap || {{Full party name with color|Peasants and Workers Party of India}}
|}

==Election results==
=== Assembly Election 1952 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1952 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election]] : Wai Khandala <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1951 to the Legislative Assembly of Bombay |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatReport_51_BOMBAY.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114083220/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatReport_51_BOMBAY.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Dadasaheb Khasherao Jagtap |party = Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 19,395 |percentage = 50.20% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Veer Kisan Mahadeo |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 17,131 |percentage = 44.34% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dhamal Mahadeo Sidaram |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,177 |percentage = 3.05% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Homane Dinkar Ganpati |party = Independent politician |votes = 931 |percentage = 2.41% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,264 |percentage = 5.86% |change = }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 38,634 |percentage = 59.67% |change = }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 38,634}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 64,747 |ref = |change = }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Peasants and Workers Party of India |swing = }}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra}}
{{coord missing|Maharashtra}}
[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Maharashtra]][[Constituencies established in 1951]]
{{Maharashtra-geo-stub}}

Kanalpoovu

2026-04-05T22:49:04Z

Tyrone73H144: made info

{{Short description|Indian television series}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Kanalpoovu TV series.jpeg
| caption =
| alt_name =
| genre = [[Drama]]
| executive_producer = Sakshi B Devraj
| writer = Dr.Praveen Eravankara
| screenplay = [[V. Thiruselvam]]
| director = T.S.Saji/ Abhi Krishna /ambili devi
| starring = {{Plainlist|
*Vaishnavi
*Sandra Babu
ambili devi
}}
| theme_music_composer = {{Plainlist|
*Jithin K Roshan
*Rajeev Alunkal
}}
| composer =
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 812
| list_episodes =
| producer = Baiju Devraj
| company = Sandras communication
| opentheme = "penne nee unarnu vaa"
| cinematography = Prabhu
| editor = Santhosh Sridhar
| camera = [[Multi-Camera]]
| runtime = approx. 22–24 minutes per episode
| channel = [[Surya TV]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2022|7|24|df=yes}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2024|10|27|df=yes}}
| location = Trivandrum
}}

'''''Kanalpoovu''''' was an Indian [[Malayalam]]-language drama television series starring [[Ambili Devi]], Kannada actress Vaishnavi (marking her debut), Chilanka and Manve.It aired from 24 July 2022 to 27 October 2024 in [[Surya TV]] and digitally streams on [[Sun NXT]]. The show is an official remake of critically acclaimed [[Tamil (language)|Tamil]] serial ''[[Ethirneechal (TV series)|Ethirneechal]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title={{!}} News in Malayalam |url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/photo-gallery/kanalpoovu-serial-telecasting-in-surya-tv-location-photos-shared-by-actor-naveen-arakkal-127687/kanalpoovu-127688 |access-date=2024-04-12 |website=Zee News Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=കയറിപ്പിടിച്ച സംവിധായകനെ തല്ലിയ സീരിയൽ നടി! സംഘർഷാവസ്ഥ നടന്നു എന്നത് സത്യമാണ്; ശരിക്കും നടന്നത് എന്താണ്; മനോജ് കുമാർ |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/tv/celebrity-news/manoj-kumar-about-kanalpoovu-serial-director-t-s-saji-viral-video/articleshow/99003490.cms |access-date=2024-04-12 |website=Samayam Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>

==Cast==
; Lead Cast
*Vaishnavi (epi 1-595) / [[Sandra Babu]] (epi 597-812) as Janani (Female Protagonist)
*Yedu Krishnan (Episode 1-650)/ Amal Rajdev (Episode 658-812) as Manikyamangalath Viswanathan (Main Antagonist)
*Sanuraj as Haridas (Male Protagonist)
*[[Ambili Devi]] as Kaveri
*Chilanka S. Deedu as Nanditha
*Lekshmi Maya (2022–23)/ Manve Surendran (2023–2024) as Mythili<ref>{{Cite web |title=സീനിയർ സ്ത്രീ ആർട്ടിസ്റ്റുകൾ വിഷം നിറയ്ക്കുന്നു; ഗർഭിണി ആയതുകൊണ്ടല്ല ഈ പിന്മാറ്റം; മൈഥിലി ആയി ഇനി മായ ഇല്ല! |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/tv/celebrity-news/kanalpoovu-serial-fame-l-maya-reveals-that-why-did-she-quit-from-the-serial/articleshow/101249695.cms |access-date=2024-04-12 |website=Samayam Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
*Daveed John as Ajayaghosh (Parallel Antagonist)
*Girish Mohan (epi 11- 94) / Naveen Arackal (epi 98-503) / Deva Prasad (epi 503-812) as Chandradas (Second male Protagonist)
*Omana Ouseph as Mahalakshmi amm/achamma
*Kalyani (epi 1-300) / Laksmi (epi 330-812) as Athira
*Manka Mahesh as Manikyamangalath Haimavathi Amma (dead)
*Vishnu Prasad as Raghuraman Chettiyaar

; Recurring Cast
*Bimal Joy as Kareem Bhai
*Ananthu Sheeja as Mithun
*Arun Raj as Suneesh Kumar
*Anand Thrissur as Sethumadhavan
*Indulekha as Rukku maami
*Raheena Anas as Sindhu
*Maya Krishnan as Kamalakshi
*Athira Praveen as Srilatha
*Kripa Shekar as Fathima
*Sree Padma as Padmini
*Shriya Surendran as Suchithra
*Poojappura Radhakrishnan as Chandroth Parameshwaran Nair, Kaveri's father
*Bindu murali as Kaveri's mother
*Amrutha Varnan as Charulata
*___ as Kuttykrishnan
*Shifas as Akash
* Prajusha as Rani
*Tonisha Maheshwari as Kundalatha
*Baby Lakshya
*Subhash Menon as Ananthan
*Hari as Adiseshan
*Sini Prasad as Nanditha's mother
*Anand VH as Adishankaran
*[[Kishor]] as Mukundanunni
*Kalyani Nair as Uma Mukundan
*____ as Ramabhadran
*Smitha Nair as Damayanthi Ramabhadran
*Amboori Jayan
*Neethu Nair as Anjana
*Padma Kumar as Advocate
*Ashwathy Chand
; Guest appearance
*[[Ineya]] as Ashwathy Mahadevan (Episode 135-138)
*[[Saniya Iyappan]] (episode 37)

== Adaptations ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|- style="color:white"
! style="background:Violet; "| Language(s)
! style="background:Violet; "| Title(s)
! style="background:Violet; "| Original release
! style="background:Violet; "| Network(s)
! style="background:Violet; "| Last aired
! style="background:Violet; "| Notes
! style="background:Violet; "| Ref.
|-
|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
|''[[Ethirneechal (TV series)|Ethirneechal]]'' எதிர்நீச்சல்
|7 February 2022
|[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|8 June 2024
|Original
|
|-
|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|''[[Uppena (TV series)|Uppena]]''
ఉప్పెన
|4 April 2022
|[[Gemini TV]]
|22 June 2024
| rowspan="5" |Remake
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Uppena Gemini TV Serial Launching On 4th April - Remake Of Ethirneechal|url=https://www.indiantvinfo.com/uppena-gemini-serial-cast/|website=Indian TV News|date=April 2022 |access-date=5 November 2022|archive-date=2 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002085408/https://www.indiantvinfo.com/uppena-gemini-serial-cast/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Malayalam]]
|''Kanalpoovu''
''കനല്പ്പൂവ്''
|24 July 2022
|[[Surya TV]]
|rowspan="2"|27 October 2024
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kanalpoovu Surya TV Serial Cast|url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/photo-gallery/kanalpoovu-serial-telecasting-in-surya-tv-location-photos-shared-by-actor-naveen-arakkal-127687|website=Zee News|access-date=30 June 2023|archive-date=30 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630121046/https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/photo-gallery/kanalpoovu-serial-telecasting-in-surya-tv-location-photos-shared-by-actor-naveen-arakkal-127687|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kannada]]
|''[[Janani (TV series)|Janani]]''
ಜನನಿ
|15 August 2022
|[[Udaya TV]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiantvinfo.com/janani-serial-udaya-tv-star-cast/|title=Janani Serial Udaya TV Launching on 15th August at 09:00 PM – Monday to Saturday|website=IndianTVInfo|access-date=5 November 2022|archive-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026135715/https://www.indiantvinfo.com/janani-serial-udaya-tv-star-cast/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Bengali language|Bengali]]
|''Alor Theekana''
আলোর ঠিকানা
|19 September 2022
|[[Sun Bangla]]
|15 October 2023
|<ref name="tv9bangla.com">{{Cite news|url=https://tv9bangla.com/entertainment/sun-bangla-new-serial-alor-thikana-know-all-about-from-plot-to-cast-au60-646470.html|title=Sun Bangla New Serial Alor Theekana! Know All About From Plot to Cast|website=TV9 Bangla|language=bn|access-date=5 November 2022|archive-date=5 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105141351/https://tv9bangla.com/entertainment/sun-bangla-new-serial-alor-thikana-know-all-about-from-plot-to-cast-au60-646470.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Marathi language|Marathi]]
|''Shabbas Sunbai''
शाब्बास सूनबाई
|14 November 2022
|[[Sun Marathi]]
|15 July 2023
|<ref name="tv9bangla.com"/>
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.sunnxt.com/ Official website]

[[Category:Sun Surya original programming]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language television shows]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language television series based on Tamil-language television series]]
[[Category:2024 Indian television series endings]]

French cricket

2026-03-29T05:38:41Z

Tyrone73H144: fix content and updated info

{{short description|Informal game}}
{{about|the recreational form of cricket|information about the French national cricket team|France national cricket team}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2016}}
[[Image:French Cricket.jpg|300px|right|thumb|French cricket. Note upward scooping of bat and legs held close together by batter. Game being played at [[Jervis Bay]], Australia, a popular holiday location.]]

'''French cricket''' is a form of [[cricket]] that creates a game similar to [[catch (game)|catch]].<ref name="activityvillage.co.uk">{{Cite web|url=https://www.activityvillage.co.uk/french-cricket|title=activityvillage.co.uk|access-date=2017-10-21}}</ref> The game can be played socially at picnics and parties or on parks and beaches.<ref name="French Cricket">{{Cite web|url=http://mocomi.com/french-cricket/|title=Mocomi.com: French Cricket|date=17 August 2012|access-date=2017-10-24}}</ref> It is a form of cricket that can include children of varied ages.

{{Dubious span|text=Not all participants need to be fully involved, and spectators can make a catch and have a bat (informally).|date=November 2022}} In [[India]] children often play this game with a plastic or rubber ball, it is called as "Bat-Ball" or "Catch-Catch", and in some parts of Australia the game is referred to as "toey", derived from the word 'toe' (as feet are a target for dismissal, see below).

==Game play==
There is only one [[Batting (cricket)|batter]], and their objective is to not be [[Dismissal (cricket)|dismissed]] by the other participants — who are [[Fielding (cricket)|fielders]], or a [[Bowler (cricket)|bowler]] if they have possession of the ball — for as long as possible. The objective of the other participants is to dismiss the batter. There are only two methods of dismissal, being [[caught]] or being "[[Leg Before Wicket]]", but as there are no [[Stump (cricket)|stump]]s, this method of dismissal is effected by a bowled ball hitting the batter's legs typically below the knees. {{Efn|In India, in this type of cricket, batter can be out only by catching the ball by fielders and bowler.}} Once the batter is dismissed, the other participant who took the catch or effected the [[Leg before wicket|LBW]] typically replaces them as batter, and the game-play begins again.
There are many varieties of additional rules. The batter may be obliged to stay with their legs in the same place, facing the same way for the whole of their [[innings]]; they may remain in the same place but be permitted to change their stance if they effect a [[Batting (cricket)#Orthodox technique and strokeplay|shot]] by hitting the ball; or, they may be able to freely move around after playing a shot. The batter may also score [[Run (cricket)|runs]] in some variations of the game.

==Rules==
The batsman stands stationary with the bat protecting their legs, their legs being the "stumps" of formal cricket.<ref name="NSW_DSR_PDF_FrenchCricket">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dsr.nsw.gov.au/assets/pubs/kids_sport/Ks_childplay.pdf|title=KidsSport_Frenchcricket|publisher=[[Government of New South Wales|Department of Sports and Recreation of New South Wales]]|access-date=2009-10-19|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091015075253/http://www.dsr.nsw.gov.au/assets/pubs/kids_sport/Ks_childplay.pdf|archive-date=2009-10-15}}</ref> Whichever other player has the ball throws it at the batsman attempting to dismiss them by hitting their legs. If the batsman hits the ball, the other participants may also dismiss the batman by a catch.<ref name="TheDailyTelegraph_13Aug2009_TheFriday_FrenchCricket">{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sponsored/thefriday/6023687/Sort-of-sport---French-cricket.html|title=Sort of sport - French cricket|last=Fennell|first=Tim|date=2009-08-13|publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805153522/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sponsored/thefriday/6023687/Sort-of-sport-French-cricket.html|archive-date=5 August 2011|access-date=2009-10-18}}</ref><ref name="AustralianSportsComission_1994_Hillary_ACTIVITY271_FrenchCricket">{{Cite web|url=http://fulltext.ausport.gov.au/fulltext/1994/hillary/manipulate_striking237-281.pdf|title=HITTING WITH A CRICKET BAT ACTIVITY 271 FRENCH CRICKET|publisher=[[Australian Sports Commission]]|access-date=2009-10-19|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091027051919/http://fulltext.ausport.gov.au/fulltext/1994/hillary/manipulate_striking237-281.pdf|archive-date=2009-10-27}}</ref>

===Players===
French cricket is most commonly played by children, or mixed groups of children and adults. Adults sometimes play the game as an event diversion during outdoor [[party|parties]] or on [[picnic]]s.<ref name="TheDailyTelegraph_13Aug2009_TheFriday_FrenchCricket"/>
If the game is played more seriously, players take turns to bat and the player who batted for the most balls or the longest time is considered the winner.

===Equipment===
The type of equipment is not restricted to cricket equipment, but there are only two items used. The ball is typically a [[tennis ball]], bowled [[underarm]] at the legs of another player holding a [[cricket bat]], a [[tennis racquet]], or some other object that can be used as like a cricket bat.

[[Albert Camus]], in his book [[The First Man]], describes (page 34) the game of ''Canette Vinga'' <ref>{{Citation |title=7. The First Man – Camus Buries his Father 163 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/978-3-0351-0028-0/9 |work=Albert Camus |year=2010 |publisher=Peter Lang |doi=10.3726/978-3-0351-0028-0/9 |isbn=9783035100280 |access-date=2022-10-30|url-access=subscription }}</ref> played with a cigar shaped bit of wood rather than a ball. The batter stands in a circle and the bowler has to get the pointed piece of wood to land in the circle, whilst the batter tries to hit it far away. Camus calls the game "Poor man's tennis" (page 35) but it is much nearer to French Cricket.

===Batting===
The player holding the bat, the batsman, is required to block and defend their "wicket", with the batsman's legs taking the place of the stumps. The batsman is not allowed to move their legs, and in some variants, the batsman can only hit the ball in a direct upward or scooping-like motion.

===Fielding===
Any number of fielders can stand around the batsman, and any fielder can bowl at the batsman from any angle.

When played in India, normally players can stand front, left and right side but can not stand behind the batsman and bowler must bowl with a full toss to batsman and they should hit ball in the air but they should not hit the ball far from the fielders’ reach. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-06 |title=The Ultimate Guide to Cricket Fielding Positions - New Era Training {{!}} Indoor Cricket Nets London |url=https://www.neweratraining.net/cricket-fielding-positions/ |access-date=2026-03-29 |language=en}}</ref>

===Rule varieties===
====Batting====
* Often, the batsman is only allowed to turn to face the next delivery if they hit the ball. If they miss and are not dismissed, they must attempt to play the next ball (which is bowled from where the ball ended up after the previous delivery) without being allowed to turn to face it. Sometimes additionally, if the batsman does not turn to face the ball before a fielder picks it up, they would have to turn their waist and face the fielder bowling in order to hit the ball.
* In some variations, the batsman is not allowed to turn at all, and is declared [[Out (cricket)|out]] if their feet move. Restrictive rules like this also help to contain the ball in smaller areas such as backyards.
* In other variations, if the batsman has effected a shot, they can relocate as fast as they can run, until a fielder has the ball in their hands.
* In other variations, a batsman can score runs. Alternatively, when the [[batsman]] hits the [[ball]], they can make 'runs' by revolving the bat around themselves with both hands. A batsman can take these runs until the ball is in the hands of a fielder and they call 'ready'.
* In other variations, a batsman cannot be out first ball. A batsman scores 'runs' each time a ball is bowled at them or passed between fielders. And, if they should hit a rather lengthy shot, for a bonus of 10 'runs' they can offer the bowler a free bowl without being allowed to defend it.

====Fielding====
* In one variation, once the fielder has fielded the ball they cannot take any steps until they have bowled the ball or passed the ball to another fielder. Passes to fielders can be thrown overarm or sidearm but to get a batter out with a direct throw the fielder must throw the ball underarm.
* Sometimes the batsman can be caught out "one-hand one-bounce". When this rule is applied, the batsman will also be dismissed if the catcher takes the ball with one hand after it has bounced only once.

==Origin of the name==
Suggested possibilities include juxtaposition with the English origin of regular cricket.<ref name="TheDailyTelegraph_13Aug2009_TheFriday_FrenchCricket"/> It seems likely that as the game is a lesser version of regular cricket that the name is intended to mock both the game and the French — just as a "[[French Cut|French cut]]" in the sport of cricket is a poorly executed cut shot which almost gets a batsman out. The name may also have arisen from the similarity of the batting motion to the one used in [[croquet]] which while not a French game is sometimes assumed to be French because of its name.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}}

==See also==
*[[Cricket terminology]]
*[[Backyard cricket]] – Another form of cricket for children.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

===Notes===
{{notelist}}
{{Forms of cricket}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:French Cricket}}
[[Category:Short form cricket]]
[[Category:Children's games]]

Dhirendra Krishna Shastri

2026-03-27T03:34:13Z

Tyrone73H144: improved lead further

{{Short description|Indian self-styled godman (born 1996)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox Hindu leader
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
| name = Dhirendra Krishna Shastri
| birth_name = Dhirendra Krishna Garg
| birth_place = [[Chhatarpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], India
| education =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age |1996 |07 |04 |df=yes }}
| image = File:Dhirendra Krishna Shastri.jpg
| caption = Shastri in 2025
| father =
| mother =
| website = {{URL |https://bageshwardham.co.in/ }}
| nationality = Indian
| guru =
| post = Head of the [[Bageshwar Dham Balaji Temple]]<ref name="hindustantimes-19Jan23">{{cite news |date=19 January 2023 |title=What is the row over Bageshwar Dham Sarkar? Who is Dhirendra Krishna Shastri? |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/what-is-the-row-over-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-who-is-dhirendra-krishna-shashtri-101674130665942.html |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |first1=Poulomi |last1=Ghosh |language=en |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122071125/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/what-is-the-row-over-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-who-is-dhirendra-krishna-shashtri-101674130665942.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
| predecessor =
| honorific prefix =
}}

'''Dhirendra Krishna Garg''' (born 4 July 1996)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-19 |title=Who is Bageshwar Dham Sarkar aka Dhirendra Krishna Shastri? Why he is in news? |url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/who-is-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-aka-dhirendra-krishna-shashtri-1674134081-1 |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=Jagranjosh.com |archive-date=2023-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404083854/https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/who-is-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-aka-dhirendra-krishna-shashtri-1674134081-1 |url-status=live }}</ref> also known as '''Baba''' '''Bageshwar Dham'''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-07 |title=Baba Bageshwar Dham procession: Here are the routes to avoid in South Delhi today |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/baba-bageshwar-dham-procession-routes-avoid-south-delhi-november-7-10347107/ |access-date=2026-01-27 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref name="abplive-21Jan23">{{cite news |date=21 January 2023 |title=बागेश्वर धाम के पंडित धीरेंद्र शास्त्री की परिवार के साथ अनदेखी तस्वीरें, यहां रहकर हुई थी उनकी |url=https://www.abplive.com/photo-gallery/states/madhya-pradesh-mp-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-old-photos-seen-with-family-and-friends-chhatarpur-ann-2314050 |work=[[ABP News]] |first1=Brajesh |last1=Rajput |trans-title=Bageshwar Dham: Unseen pictures of Pandit Dhirendra Shastri of Bageshwar Dham with his family, he did his schooling while staying here |language=hi |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122071127/https://www.abplive.com/photo-gallery/states/madhya-pradesh-mp-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-old-photos-seen-with-family-and-friends-chhatarpur-ann-2314050 |url-status=live }}</ref> is an Indian self-styled [[Godman (India)|godman]]. He is the current leader of [[Bageshwar Dham Balaji Temple|Bageshwar Dham]], a [[Hinduism|Hindu]] temple in [[Madhya Pradesh]], India.

== Early years ==
=== Family ===
Shastri was born on 4 July 1996 in Gada village of [[Chhatarpur district]]. He was the eldest of two children to Saroj Garg (mother) and Ram Kripal Garg (father) and was brought up in a [[Brahmin]] family.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Web |first=Statesman |date=2023-09-04 |title=Who is Dhirendra Krishna Shashtri? Anas Ansari sends threat |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/who-is/who-is-dhirendra-krishna-shashtri-anas-ansari-sends-threat-1503218555.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=The Statesman |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Live |first=A. B. P. |date=2023-08-03 |title=कौन हैं पंडित धीरेंद्र कृष्ण शास्त्री, जानिए बागेश्वर धाम वाले बाबा के जीवन के बारे में |url=https://www.abplive.com/lifestyle/religion/bageshwar-dham-balaji-maharaj-pandit-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-full-biography-in-hindi-2465987 |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=www.abplive.com |language=hi}}</ref> His father worked as a priest.<ref name="jagran-20Jan2023"/><ref name="timesnownews-23Jan23">{{cite news |date=21 January 2023 |title=Superstition challenge row: Who is Bageshwar Dham Sarkar alias Dhirendra Krishna Shastri? |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/superstition-challenge-row-who-is-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-alias-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-article-97183362 |work=[[Times Now]] |first1=Nakshab |last1=Khan |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120185343/https://www.timesnownews.com/india/superstition-challenge-row-who-is-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-alias-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-article-97183362 |archive-date=20 January 2023 }}</ref> Shastri's childhood was marked by poverty, as his family lived in a [[kutcha house]]. As a child, he used to narrate [[Katha (storytelling format)|kathas]] to people in his village.<ref name="jagran-20Jan2023">{{cite news |title=Bageshwar Dham वाले Dhirendra Shastri का कठिनाइयों में बीता बचपन, जानें- बाला जी भगवान के भक्त की कहानी |url=https://www.jagran.com/news/national-who-is-dhirendra-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-know-all-about-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-information-about-bageshwar-baba-row-23303049.html |newspaper=[[Dainik Jagran]] |language=hi |first1=Piyush |last1=Kumar |trans-title=Dhirendra Shastri of Bageshwar Dham had a difficult childhood, know the story of a devotee of Lord Balaji |date=20 January 2023 |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122071129/https://www.jagran.com/news/national-who-is-dhirendra-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-know-all-about-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-information-about-bageshwar-baba-row-23303049.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Education ===
Shastri completed his schooling in Ganj village, Chhatarpur district.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/education/bageshwar-dham-know-dhirendra-shastri-education-qualification-and-family-background-5262633.html |title=Bageshwar Dham: धीरेंद्र शास्त्री ने कितनी की है पढ़ाई, कैसा है उनका फैमिली बैकग्राउंड |date=23 January 2023 |work=[[News18 India]] |first1=Praveen |last1=Singh |trans-title=Bageshwar Dham: How much has Dhirendra Shastri studied, how is his family background |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180818/https://hindi.news18.com/news/education/bageshwar-dham-know-dhirendra-shastri-education-qualification-and-family-background-5262633.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Religious career ===
Shastri is a disciple of [[Rambhadracharya]].<ref>{{cite web |title=क्या चमत्कार होते हैं? धीरेंद्र कृष्ण शास्त्री के गुरु रामभद्राचार्य ने दिया जवाब, स्वामी प्रसाद मौर्य पर भी बोले |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/madhya-pradesh/story-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-miracles-issue-rambhadracharya-says-everything-is-possible-on-grace-of-god-7678540.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125164742/https://www.livehindustan.com/madhya-pradesh/story-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-miracles-issue-rambhadracharya-says-everything-is-possible-on-grace-of-god-7678540.html |archive-date=25 January 2023 |website=Hindustan}}</ref> Shastri is known for his preaching of the [[Ramcharitmanas]] and [[Shiva Purana]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-06 |title=Bageshwar Dham Sarkar: Know About The Spiritual Life Of Dhirendra Krishna Shastri |url=https://www.thedailyjagran.com/spiritual/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-all-about-the-controversial-life-of-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-10105333 |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=English Jagran |language=en}}</ref> He claims to possess supernatural powers through [[sādhanā]] and the blessings of his great-grandfather, Sannyasi Baba, the founder of Bageshwar Dham.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Piyush |date=20 January 2023 |title=Bageshwar Dham वाले Dhirendra Shastri का कठिनाइयों में बीता बचपन, जानें- बाला जी भगवान के भक्त की कहानी - Bageshwar Dham Who is Dhirendra Shastri of Bageshwar Dham know all about dhirendra krishna shastri information about Bageshwar Baba Row |url=https://www.jagran.com/news/national-who-is-dhirendra-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-know-all-about-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-information-about-bageshwar-baba-row-23303049.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331041704/https://www.jagran.com/news/national-who-is-dhirendra-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-know-all-about-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-information-about-bageshwar-baba-row-23303049.html |archive-date=31 March 2023 |access-date=2025-01-19 |website=Jagran |language=hi}}</ref>

== Bageshwar Dham==
Shastri is serving as a ''peethadhishwar'' (chief) of the Bageshwar Dham, a Hindu site dedicated to the god [[Lord Hanuman|Hanuman]] in Gada village of [[Chhatarpur district|Chattarpur District]], [[Madhya Pradesh]] which was established by his great-grandfather, Sannyasi Baba.<ref name=":0" /> Shastri organises a [[Durbar (court)|''divya darbar'']] at Bageshwar Dham every Tuesday and Saturday,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-01-23 |title=Who is Pandit Dhirendra Shastri and why is he famous? |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/new-updates/who-is-pandit-dhirendra-shastri-and-why-is-he-famous/articleshow/97259653.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-05-25 |issn=0013-0389}}</ref> where he purportedly conducts [[Exorcism#Hinduism|exorcisms]], diagnoses illnesses including terminal cancers and performs other miracles.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Shinjinee Majumder |title=Hate, Hindu supremacy, occultism: The legacy of Dhirendra Shastri, Modi’s ‘younger brother’ from Bageshwar Dham |url=https://www.altnews.in/hate-hindu-supremacy-occultism-the-legacy-of-dhirendra-shastri-modis-younger-brother-from-bageshwar-dham/ |website=[[Alt News]] |access-date=26 February 2025 |date=25 February 2025}}</ref> In an interview with ''[[The Lallantop]]'' Shastri said that he is the third generation serving as the chief of the dham, after his grandfather and father.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/travel/religious-trip/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-famous-for-dheerendra-shastri-know-about-travel-details/articleshow/97270483.cms |title=बागेश्वर धाम में आखिर क्यों नहीं रह पाते लोग हाजिरी लगाए बिना, जानिए यहां तक जाने का खर्च |website=Navbharat Times |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180812/https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/travel/religious-trip/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-famous-for-dheerendra-shastri-know-about-travel-details/articleshow/97270483.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/who-is-bageshwar-dhams-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-find-out-reason-behind-the-recent-controversy-473655 |title=Who is Bageshwar Dham's Dhirendra Krishna Shastri? Find out reason behind the recent controversy |first=Vibha |last=Sharma |newspaper=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)]] |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125182314/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/who-is-bageshwar-dhams-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-find-out-reason-behind-the-recent-controversy-473655 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/explained-who-is-bageshwar-dham-krishna-shastri-and-why-is-he-in-news-11674560891348.html |title=Explained: Who is Bageshwar Dham Krishna Shastri and why is he in news? |date=24 January 2023 |newspaper=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]] |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180811/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/explained-who-is-bageshwar-dham-krishna-shastri-and-why-is-he-in-news-11674560891348.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Social activities ===
Shastri has established the [[Annapurna (goddess)|Annapurna]] Kitchen in his dham, where free food offerings are arranged for his followers. He also holds an annual function for the marriage of poor and destitute girls. He is establishing a [[Vedic]] [[Gurukula]] to promote ancient [[Vedas|vedic studies]] and [[Sanskrit]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bageshwardham.co.in/services/ |title=सेवाएं {{pipe}} गौ रक्षा {{pipe}} वैदिक गुरुकुल |publisher=Bageshwar Dham |date=16 July 2022 |archive-date=23 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123101240/https://bageshwardham.co.in/services/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/why-mps-bageshwar-dham-and-its-head-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-are-trending-5-key-reasons-article-97244704 |title=Why MP's Bageshwar Dham and {{as written|i|t's [sic]}} head Dhirendra Krishna Shastri are trending {{pipe}} 5 key reasons |date=January 23, 2023 |work=[[TimesNow]] |archive-date=January 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123101240/https://www.timesnownews.com/india/why-mps-bageshwar-dham-and-its-head-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-are-trending-5-key-reasons-article-97244704 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Shastri is said to have brought 300 people converted to [[Christianity]] back into [[Hinduism]] during a [[Ghar Wapsi|ghar wapsi]] program in 2021. On January 25, 2023, [[Government of Madhya Pradesh]] increased the security of Shastri following the [[death threat]]s received by him.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abplive.com/states/madhya-pradesh/mp-police-sit-for-security-of-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-shastri-ann-2316133 |title=बागेश्वर धाम सरकार की सुरक्षा के लिए एसआईटी, स्वागत के लिए उमड़ा भक्तों का सैलाब |first1=Brajesh |last1=Rajput|date=24 January 2023 |work=[[ABP News]] |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125164742/https://www.abplive.com/states/madhya-pradesh/mp-police-sit-for-security-of-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-shastri-ann-2316133 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2023/01/24/bageshwar-dham-chief-gets-life-threat-chhatarpur-police-form-25-member-probe-team.html |title=Bageshwar Dham chief gets life threat; Chhatarpur police form 25-member probe team |work=[[The Week (Indian magazine)]] |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125164745/https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2023/01/24/bageshwar-dham-chief-gets-life-threat-chhatarpur-police-form-25-member-probe-team.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Social media presence ===
Shastri has experienced a surge in his social media presence, boasting of a total of 7.5 million followers across various platforms. Specifically, he has garnered 3.4 million followers on [[Facebook]], 3.9 million subscribers on [[YouTube]], 300,000 followers on [[Instagram]], and 72,000 followers on [[Twitter]]. Several of his widely viewed videos have garnered between three and ten million views.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-02-05 |title=Bageshwar Dham Sarkar: The Indian guru making headlines over 'miracle' cures |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-64480726 |access-date=2023-05-24}}</ref>

== Controversies and criticism ==
=== Superstition and witchcraft allegations ===
Shastri came into focus when Indian rationalist [[Shyam Manav]] challenged him and questioned his spiritual powers. Manav also accused Shastri of promoting blind faith. When the controversy erupted in the media, Shastri invited Manav to his Divya Darbar and said, "I am just a servant at the feet of Bageshwar Balaji. I do as he inspires me".<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 January 2023 |title=What is the row over Bageshwar Dham Sarkar? Who is Dhirendra Krishna Shastri? |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/what-is-the-row-over-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-who-is-dhirendra-krishna-shashtri-101674130665942.html |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en |archive-date=6 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206205454/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/what-is-the-row-over-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-who-is-dhirendra-krishna-shashtri-101674130665942.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.abplive.com/videos/news/exclusive-interview-of-shyam-manav-who-challenged-baba-of-bageshwar-dhirendra-shastri-1577179 |title=Exclusive interview of Shyam Manav who challenged Baba of Bageshwar {{pipe}} Dhirendra Shastri |date=21 January 2023 |work=[[ABP News]] |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122084748/https://news.abplive.com/videos/news/exclusive-interview-of-shyam-manav-who-challenged-baba-of-bageshwar-dhirendra-shastri-1577179 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/video-dna-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-and-shyam-manav-a-faceoff-3018367 |title=DNA {{pipe}} Dhirendra Krishna Shastri and Shyam Manav - A faceoff |website=DNA India |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122084747/https://www.dnaindia.com/india/video-dna-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-and-shyam-manav-a-faceoff-3018367 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The All India Superstition Eradication Committee (Akhil Bhartiya Andhashraddha Nirmulan Samiti) made a complaint to the [[Nagpur Police]] about Shastri under the [[Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Act|anti-superstition act]]. The committee's chairman, Shyam Manav, said that [[witchcraft]] is being promoted in the guise of 'Divya Darbar' and '[[Preta]] Darbar', and that ordinary people are being frauded, cheated, and exploited by Dhirendra Shastri in the name of religion.<ref name="aajtak.in-19Jan23">{{cite news |last1=Chaurasia |first1=Lokesh |last2=Pandey |first2=Yogesh |date=19 January 2023 |title='ना मैं संत हूं, ना कोई समस्या दूर करने का दावा करता हूं', बोले बागेश्वर धाम के धीरेंद्र शास्त्री |trans-title='Neither am I a saint, nor do I claim to solve any problem', said Dhirendra Shastri of Bageshwar Dham |url=https://www.aajtak.in/india/news/story/dhirendra-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-clarification-on-spreading-superstition-1619100-2023-01-19 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122065539/https://www.aajtak.in/india/news/story/dhirendra-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-clarification-on-spreading-superstition-1619100-2023-01-19 |archive-date=22 January 2023 |work=[[Aaj Tak]] |language=hi}}</ref> The police investigated this and found no grounds for prosecution under the [[Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Act]] (2013).<ref name="theprint.in-25Jan23" />

Many [[Hindu saints|Hindu Religious leaders]] like [[Ramdev|Swami Ramdev]], [[Rambhadracharya]], Sadhvi Prachi, [[Pragya Thakur]] and [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] politician [[Giriraj Singh]] came to his support. He also got support from [[Akhil Bharatiya Akhara Parishad]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abplive.com/states/up-uk/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-row-baba-ramdev-support-pandit-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-mention-lord-hanuman-2313675 |title=बागेश्वर धाम के पीठाधीश्वर पंडित धीरेंद्र शास्त्री पर पहली बार बोले बाबा रामदेव, जानिए क्या कहा |date=January 21, 2023 |work=[[ABP News]] |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122084759/https://www.abplive.com/states/up-uk/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-row-baba-ramdev-support-pandit-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-mention-lord-hanuman-2313675 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aajtak.in/india/politics/story/union-minister-giriraj-singh-in-support-of-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-lcln-1620339-2023-01-21 |title=धीरेंद्र शास्त्री विवाद में कूदे केंद्रीय मंत्री गिरिराज सिंह , बोले- सनातन धर्म के महापुरुषों में ऐसा सामर्थ्य होता है |date=21 January 2023 |website=आज तक |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122084757/https://www.aajtak.in/india/politics/story/union-minister-giriraj-singh-in-support-of-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-lcln-1620339-2023-01-21 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aajtak.in/india/maharashtra/story/nagpur-bageshwar-maharaj-accepted-challenge-called-shyam-manav-to-raipur-manav-said-your-people-will-be-there-lcla-1619233-2023-01-19 |title=बागेश्वर महाराज ने चैलेंज किया स्वीकार, अखिल भारतीय अंधश्रद्धा निर्मूलन समिति के उपाध्यक्ष को बुलाया रायपुर |date=January 19, 2023 |website=आज तक |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122084747/https://www.aajtak.in/india/maharashtra/story/nagpur-bageshwar-maharaj-accepted-challenge-called-shyam-manav-to-raipur-manav-said-your-people-will-be-there-lcla-1619233-2023-01-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 22 January 2023, several Hindu organizations called for a protest at [[Jantar Mantar, New Delhi|Jantar Mantar]] in [[New Delhi]] in support of Bageshwar Dham Sarkar's Chief, Dhirendra Shastri.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://zeenews.india.com/video/india/today-protest-in-delhi-to-support-bageshwar-dham-baba-2564340.html |title=Today Protest in Delhi to support Bageshwar Dham Baba |work=[[Zee News]] |type=video |date=22 January 2023 |language=hi |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122084748/https://zeenews.india.com/video/india/today-protest-in-delhi-to-support-bageshwar-dham-baba-2564340.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatv.in/india/national/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-shastri-supporters-demonstration-at-jantar-mantar-2023-01-22-924056 |title=बागेशवर धाम सरकार का विवाद दिल्ली तक पहुंचा, समर्थकों का आज जंतर-मंतर पर प्रदर्शन |first1=Swayam |last1=Prakash |date=22 January 2023 |website=India TV Hindi |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122084757/https://www.indiatv.in/india/national/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-shastri-supporters-demonstration-at-jantar-mantar-2023-01-22-924056 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-advocate-of-sanatan-dharma-superstition-all-about-godman-dhirendra-shastri-6888859.html |title=Bageshwar Dham Sarkar: Advocate of Superstition & Sanatan Dharma {{pipe}} About 'Godman' Dhirendra Shastri |date=22 January 2023 |work=[[News18]] |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122084747/https://www.news18.com/news/india/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-advocate-of-sanatan-dharma-superstition-all-about-godman-dhirendra-shastri-6888859.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 25 January 2023, the [[Nagpur Police]] gave a [[wikt:clean chit|clean chit]] to Dhirendra Shastri against an allegation of promoting [[Superstition|superstitious activities]] in his public programmes in [[Nagpur]]. [[Commissioner of Police (India)|Commissioner of Police]] Amitesh Kumar said that during an inquiry into the complaint and the examination of "evidence" submitted by complainant Shyam Manav, founder of 'Akhil Bharatiya Andhashraddha Nirmoolan Samiti', nothing was found that could attract action under the [[Anti-Superstition and Black Magic Act|Maharashtra Anti-Superstition & Black Magic Act.]]<ref name="theprint.in-25Jan23">{{cite news |newspaper=[[ThePrint]] |url=https://theprint.in/india/nagpur-police-give-clean-chit-to-bageshwar-dham-chief-in-complaint-lodged-by-anti-superstition-crusader/1335168/ |title=Nagpur police give 'clean chit' to Bageshwar Dham chief in complaint lodged by anti-superstition crusader |date=25 January 2023 |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180819/https://theprint.in/india/nagpur-police-give-clean-chit-to-bageshwar-dham-chief-in-complaint-lodged-by-anti-superstition-crusader/1335168/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/india/baba-dhirendra-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-got-clean-chit-from-nagpur-police-2317206 |title=नागपुर पुलिस ने दी क्लीन चिट तो बागेश्वर वाले बाबा धीरेंद्र शास्त्री बोले- कानून पर पूरा भरोसा |date=25 January 2023 |work=[[ABP News]] |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180818/https://www.abplive.com/news/india/baba-dhirendra-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-got-clean-chit-from-nagpur-police-2317206 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/madhya-pradesh/bhopal/bageshwar-dham-maharaj-got-clean-chit-from-nagpur-police-in-shyam-manav-case-see-pictures/articleshow/97313188.cms |title=सनातन का प्रचार अंधविश्वास नहीं... नागपुर पुलिस से क्लीन चिट पर दहाड़े बागेश्वर महाराज |website=Navbharat Times |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180814/https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/madhya-pradesh/bhopal/bageshwar-dham-maharaj-got-clean-chit-from-nagpur-police-in-shyam-manav-case-see-pictures/articleshow/97313188.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.tv9hindi.com/state/maharashtra/nagpur-police-given-clean-chit-to-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-shashtri-au154-1681604.html |title=सिद्धि नहीं है और वे ढोंग रच रहे हैं...! सब गलत, धीरेंद्र शास्त्री को क्लीन चिट |trans-title=There is no achievement and they are creating pretence...! All wrong, clean chit to Dhirendra Shastri |first1=Shamit |last1=Sinha |editor1-first=Shikhar |editor1-last=Srivastava |date=25 January 2023 |work=[[TV9 Bharatvarsh]] |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180818/https://www.tv9hindi.com/state/maharashtra/nagpur-police-given-clean-chit-to-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-shashtri-au154-1681604.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Love Jihad in NCERT book ===
Shastri claimed that a lesson titled "Chitthi Aayi Hai" in the [[National Council of Educational Research and Training|NCERT]] Class 3 environmental studies textbook promotes [[Love jihad conspiracy theory|Love Jihad]]. The chapter features a letter from a girl named Reena to her friend Ahmed. He questioned why the letter was addressed to a Muslim boy and suggested that such content harms Hindu sentiments and reflects an agenda to influence young minds.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-09-25 |title=NCERT Class 3 Textbook Controversy: Allegations Of 'Love Jihad' – Know What's In The Chapter |url=https://news.abplive.com/education/ncert-class-3-textbook-sparks-controversy-allegations-of-love-jihad-here-s-what-the-chapter-contains-1719828 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240926020643/https://news.abplive.com/education/ncert-class-3-textbook-sparks-controversy-allegations-of-love-jihad-here-s-what-the-chapter-contains-1719828 |archive-date=2024-09-26 |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=[[ABP News]] |language=en}}</ref>

== Hindu nationalism ==
On the birth anniversary of [[Subhas Chandra Bose|Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose]] on January 23, Shastri gave the slogan ''"Give us your support, we will give [[Hindu Rashtra]]"'' to declare India as a [[Hindu nationalism|Hindu nation]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/india/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-hindu-rashtra-statement-support-me-i-give-you-hindi-nation-2316685 |title=अब हिंदू राष्ट्र को लेकर धीरेंद्र शास्त्री का आया नया बयान, विवादों के बीच बयानों के छोड़े तीर |date=25 January 2023 |work=[[ABP News]] |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180812/https://www.abplive.com/news/india/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-hindu-rashtra-statement-support-me-i-give-you-hindi-nation-2316685 |url-status=live |language=hi }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/nation/bageshwar-dham-big-statement-of-pandit-dhirendra-shastri-you-support-me-i-will-give-hindu-nation-5269457.html |title='तुम हमारा साथ दो, हम हिंदू राष्ट्र बनाएंगे', बागेश्वर धाम वाले धीरेंद्र शास्त्री का नया बयान, कहा- चूड़ियां पहनकर घर में मत बैठो |date=January 24, 2023 |work=[[News18 India]] |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180816/https://hindi.news18.com/news/nation/bageshwar-dham-big-statement-of-pandit-dhirendra-shastri-you-support-me-i-will-give-hindu-nation-5269457.html |url-status=live |language=hi }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aajtak.in/india/news/story/bageshwar-dham-dhirendra-shastri-you-support-me-we-make-hindu-nation-ntc-1621836-2023-01-23 |title='तुम मेरा साथ दो, हम हिंदू राष्ट्र बनाएंगे', बोले बागेश्वर धाम के धीरेंद्र शास्त्री |date=23 January 2023 |website=[[Aaj Tak]]|archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180812/https://www.aajtak.in/india/news/story/bageshwar-dham-dhirendra-shastri-you-support-me-we-make-hindu-nation-ntc-1621836-2023-01-23 |url-status=live |language=hi }}</ref><ref name="timesnownews-25Jan23">{{cite web |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/support-me-and-i-will-give-you-hindu-rashtra-says-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-watch-article-97315835 |title='Support me and I will give you Hindu Rashtra', says Bageshwar Dham 'Sarkar' Dhirendra Krishna Shastri [WATCH] |date=25 January 2023 |work=[[TimesNow]] |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180813/https://www.timesnownews.com/india/support-me-and-i-will-give-you-hindu-rashtra-says-bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-watch-article-97315835 |url-status=live }}</ref> He also urged that [[Ramcharitmanas]] be declared the national scripture of India.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aajtak.in/programmes/vishesh/video/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-shastri-demands-to-give-ramcharitmanas-stature-of-national-scripture-1623445-2023-01-25 |title=विशेष: पहले हिंदू राष्ट्र, अब रामचरितमानस की बात...बागेश्वर धाम वाले बाबा के दिल में क्या है? |website=[[Aaj Tak]] |date=25 January 2023 |archive-date=25 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125180811/https://www.aajtak.in/programmes/vishesh/video/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-shastri-demands-to-give-ramcharitmanas-stature-of-national-scripture-1623445-2023-01-25 |url-status=live |language=hi }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://jaagore.org/know-the-truth-of-bageshwar-dham/,%20https://jaagore.org/know-the-truth-of-bageshwar-dham/ |title=कौन हैं धीरेंद्र शास्त्री ? क्या है बागेश्वर धाम - Jaago Re |date=January 23, 2023 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In [[Rajat Sharma]]'s [[Aap Ki Adalat|Aapki Adalat Show]] Shastri said that he respects all religions and is not against any religion but will not tolerate objectionable remarks against his religion. He also said that he will continue to raise the demand for [[Hindu Rashtra]] and [[Akhand Bharat]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Roushan |first1=Anurag |last2=Sharma |first2=Rajat |author-link2=Rajat Sharma |date=11 February 2023 |title=Aap Ki Adalat: 'Hum karen to chori...': Dhirendra Shastri on Owaisi's 'Hindu leaders spreading hate' remark |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/aap-ki-adalat-bageshwar-baba-dhirendra-shastri-on-asaduddin-owaisi-s-hindu-leaders-spreading-hate-remark-watch-2023-02-11-846377 |url-status=live |website=[[India TV]] |language=en |archive-date=21 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321113453/https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/aap-ki-adalat-bageshwar-baba-dhirendra-shastri-on-asaduddin-owaisi-s-hindu-leaders-spreading-hate-remark-watch-2023-02-11-846377 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Vineet |date=11 February 2023 |title=देखें, 'आप की अदालत' में बागेश्वर धाम के प्रमुख धीरेंद्र कृष्ण शास्त्री LIVE |url=https://www.indiatv.in/india/national/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-in-aap-ki-adalat-with-rajat-sharma-live-2023-02-11-930867 |website=[[India TV]] |language=hi |archive-date=17 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217155109/https://www.indiatv.in/india/national/bageshwar-dham-sarkar-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-in-aap-ki-adalat-with-rajat-sharma-live-2023-02-11-930867 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Rajat |author-link=Rajat Sharma |date=13 February 2023 |title=VIDEO: Bageshwar Dham In Aap Ki Adalat: Pandit Dhirendra Shastri told what pastimes he has done? |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/video/aap-ki-adalat/bageshwar-dham-in-aap-ki-adalat-pandit-dhirendra-shastri-told-what-pastimes-he-has-done-2023-02-13-846842 |url-status=live |website=[[India TV]] |language=en |archive-date=13 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313155910/https://www.indiatvnews.com/video/aap-ki-adalat/bageshwar-dham-in-aap-ki-adalat-pandit-dhirendra-shastri-told-what-pastimes-he-has-done-2023-02-13-846842 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Shruti |first=Srivastava |date=12 February 2023 |title=जब रजत शर्मा से बोले धीरेंद्र शास्त्री- आप भी इंडिया टीवी का हाउस हमारे नाम करें हमें कोई दिक्कत नहीं |url=https://www.jansatta.com/national/bageshwar-dham-dhirendra-shastri-said-to-rajat-sharma-you-also-name-india-tv-on-my-name/2655975/ |newspaper=[[Jansatta]] |archive-date=19 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319211801/https://www.jansatta.com/national/bageshwar-dham-dhirendra-shastri-said-to-rajat-sharma-you-also-name-india-tv-on-my-name/2655975/ |url-status=live |language=hi }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Rajat |author-link=Rajat Sharma |date=13 February 2023 |title=VIDEO: Dhirendra Shastri In Aap Ki Adalat: Does the Baba of Bageshwar Dham do Publicity Stunt? |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/video/aap-ki-adalat/dhirendra-shastri-in-aap-ki-adalat-does-the-baba-of-bageshwar-dham-do-publicity-stunt-2023-02-13-846911 |url-status=live |website=[[India TV]] |language=en |archive-date=13 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313155909/https://www.indiatvnews.com/video/aap-ki-adalat/dhirendra-shastri-in-aap-ki-adalat-does-the-baba-of-bageshwar-dham-do-publicity-stunt-2023-02-13-846911 }}</ref>

Shastri's remarks received mixed reactions, [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen|AIMIM]] chief [[Asaduddin Owaisi]] opposed it citing the [[Constitution of India|constitution]],<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 February 2023 |title=Asaduddin Owaisi: बागेश्वर धाम के धीरेंद्र शास्त्री पर बरसे असदुद्दीन ओवैसी, हिंदू राष्ट्र का भी किया जिक्र |trans-title=Asaduddin Owaisi: Asaduddin Owaisi lashed out at Dhirendra Shastri of Bageshwar Dham, also mentioned Hindu nation |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/india/aimim-chief-asaduddin-owaisi-said-on-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-such-people-are-ruining-the-sacrifices-of-many-2335304 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217155108/https://www.abplive.com/news/india/aimim-chief-asaduddin-owaisi-said-on-dhirendra-krishna-shastri-of-bageshwar-dham-such-people-are-ruining-the-sacrifices-of-many-2335304 |archive-date=17 February 2023 |work=[[ABP News]] |language=hi}}</ref> while [[Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister]] [[Yogi Adityanath]] endorsed his remarks and said that India is already a [[Hindu Rashtra]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Mayank |date=16 February 2023 |title=India a 'Hindu Rashtra', 'Akhand Bharat' will come true, says Yogi Adityanath |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/india-a-hindu-rashtra-akhand-bharat-will-come-true-says-yogi-adityanath/article66512640.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217155108/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/india-a-hindu-rashtra-akhand-bharat-will-come-true-says-yogi-adityanath/article66512640.ece |archive-date=17 February 2023 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 February 2023 |title=UP Politics: हिन्दू राष्ट्र के मुद्दे पर सीएम योगी आदित्यनाथ ने दिया सबसे बड़ा बयान, जानिए- क्या कहा? |trans-title=UP Politics: CM Yogi Adityanath gave the biggest statement on the issue of Hindu nation, know what he said? |url=https://www.abplive.com/states/up-uk/cm-yogi-adityanath-big-statement-on-hindu-nation-issue-know-what-he-said-2334837 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217155109/https://www.abplive.com/states/up-uk/cm-yogi-adityanath-big-statement-on-hindu-nation-issue-know-what-he-said-2334837 |archive-date=17 February 2023 |work=[[ABP News]] |language=hi}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Bageshwar Dham Balaji Temple]]

== References ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
{{Subject bar
|commons = yes
|commons-search = Category:Dhirendra Krishna Shastri
|d = yes
|d-search = Q116290597
|portal1 = Biography
|portal2 = Hinduism
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shastri, Dhirendra Krishna}}
[[Category:1996 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian Hindus]]
[[Category:Mentalists]]

Kolami

2026-03-26T16:30:48Z

Tyrone73H144: made new entry

{{Short description|Central Dravidian language of India}}
{{distinguish|Kol Ami (disambiguation){{!}}Kol Ami}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}
{{Infobox language
| name = Kolami
| nativename = {{lang|kfb-Deva|कॊलामि}}, {{lang|kfb-Telu|కొలామి}}
| altname = Kolāmi
| image =
| imagealt = ''
| imagecaption = '
| states = [[India]]
| region = [[Maharashtra]], [[Telangana]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| ethnicity = 239,583 [[Kolam people|Kolam]] (2011 census)<ref name="census">{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/ST.html|title=A-11 Individual Scheduled Tribe Primary Census Abstract Data and its Appendix|publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=2017-11-18}}</ref>
| speakers = 128,451, 54% of ethnic population
| date = 2011 census
| ref = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language_MTs.html|title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=censusindia.gov.in|access-date=2020-01-29}}</ref>
| familycolor = Dravidian
| fam2 = [[Dravidian languages#Classification|Central]]
| fam3 = Kolami–Naiki
| script = * [[Devanagari]]
* [[Telugu script]]
* [[Goykanadi]]
| glotto = nort2699
| glottorefname = Northwestern Kolami Kolam
| ld1 = Northwestern Kolami
| lc1 = kfb
| lc2 = nit
| ld2 = [[Southeastern Kolami]] (Naiki)
}}
{{Infobox ethnonym|person=Kolavand, kolavak|people=Kolavader, kolavaker|language=Kolāmi|country=Maharashtram,
India}}
'''Kolami''' ({{ipa|kfb|kolaːmi|ipa}}, Northwestern Kolami/Southeastern Kolami) is a [[Adivasi|tribal]] [[Central Dravidian language]] spoken in [[Maharashtra]] and [[Telangana]] states of India. It falls under the Kolami–Naiki group of languages. It is the most widely spoken Central Dravidian language.

==Etymology==
{{Empty section|date=December 2025}}

==Classification==
Kolami language has been classified as a Central Dravidian language. It is well known as a Dravidian language of [[Maharashtra]] state. Well influenced by South Central Dravidian languages like [[Telugu language|Telugu]] and [[Gondi language|Gondi]], it is also a tribal Dravidian language. Kolami is the dialect of the [[Kolam people|Kolam]] tribal group.

The Kolami dialect differs considerably from the Gond language of the neighboring district. In some respects, Kolami is closely related to Telugu and in others to Kannada. The influence of the [[Bhili language|Bhilli]] language is felt as the communication in the surrounding area comes into contact. Some other points of similarity are also important like the Toda dialect of the Nilgiris and according to Dr. Grierson, linguistically speaking, the Kolami may be the remaining descendants of the Dravidian tribes, who either never participated in the development of the main Dravidian language or who never [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/RISE_-_Adivasi_Foundation_%2C_Nagpur.webm adopted Dravidian language].

==Writing systems==
Kolami language is written using [[Devanagari]], and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] scripts for writing purposes.

==Numbers==
===First ten numbers===

{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center;"
|-
!Modern [[Devanagari script]]||Kolami numeral|| Kolami word and transliteration
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"| ० || [[0 (number)|0]] || lang| शून्यम् ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|Śūnyam}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"|१ || [[1 (number)|1]] || ऒक्कॊद् ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|okkod}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"|२ || [[2 (number)|2]] || {{lang|ta|इन्दिङ्}} ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|indiṅ}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"|३|| [[3 (number)|3]] || {{lang|ta|मून्दिङ्}} ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|mūndiṅ}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"|४|| [[4 (number)|4]] || {{lang|ta|नालिङ्}} ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|nāliṅ}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"|५ || [[5 (number)|5]] || {{lang|ta|सेन्दि}} ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|sēndi}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"|६ || [[6 (number)|6]] || {{lang|ta|साऱि}} ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|sār̠i}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"|७|| [[7 (number)|7]] || {{lang|ta|एऴ्}} ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|ēẓ}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"|८ || [[8 (number)|8]] || {{lang|ta|ऎंदि}} ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|eṁdi}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"|९ || [[9 (number)|9]] || {{lang|ta|तॊंदि}} ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|toṁdi}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line-height:normal"|१०|| [[10 (number)|10]] || {{lang|ta|पदि}} ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|padi}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line height:normal"| २० || [[20 (number)|20]] || lang| इरवै ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|iravai}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line height:normal"| १०० || [[100 (number)|100]] || lang| नूऱ् ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|nūr̠}})
|-
|style="font-size:160%;line height:normal"| १००० || [[1000 (number)|1000]] || lang| सहस्रम् ({{Transliteration|ta|ISO|Sahasram}})
|-
|}

==Nouns==

{{Empty section|date=May 2025}}

==Verbs==
=== Present tense ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!Present tense
!Present tense negative
|-
|1st person singular आन् ''ān''
|वद्दुन्
'''vaddun'''

I am coming
|वरॆन्
'''varen'''

I am not going
|-
|}

==Characteristics==
Kolami has a two-gender system, being either [[Masculinity|masculine]] or non-masculine. Kolami has developed aspirated stops, distancing itself from its ancestor [[Proto-Dravidian]].

==Phonology==
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
|+[[Vowels]]<ref name="bhk">{{cite book|last=Krishnamurti|first=Bhadriraju|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=54fV7Lwu3fMC&q=grantha+script|title=The Dravidian Languages|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2003|isbn=978-1-139-43533-8|location=}}</ref>
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |[[Front vowel|Front]]
! colspan="2" |[[Central vowel|Central]]
! colspan="2" |[[Back vowel|Back]]
|-
!short
!long
!short
!long
!short
!long
|- align="center"
![[High vowel|High]]
|{{IPA link|i}}
|{{IPA link|iː}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|u}}
|{{IPA link|uː}}
|- align="center"
![[Mid vowel|Mid]]
|{{IPA link|e}}
|{{IPA link|eː}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|o}}
|{{IPA link|oː}}
|- align="center"
![[Low vowel|Low]]
|
|
|{{IPA link|a}}
|{{IPA link|aː}}
|
|
|}

{|class="wikitable" style=text-align:center
|+[[Consonant]]s<ref name="bhk"/>
|-
!colspan="2"|
![[Labial consonant|Labial]]
![[Dental consonant|Dental]]/ [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
![[Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]]
![[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
![[Velar consonant|Velar]]
![[Pharyngeal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
!colspan=2| [[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
|{{IPA link|m}}
|{{IPA link|n}}
|{{IPA link|ɳ}}
|
|{{IPA link|ŋ}}
|
|-
!rowspan="2"|[[Plosive consonant|Plosive]]
! {{small|[[voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
|{{IPA link|p}}
|{{IPA link|t}}
|{{IPA link|ʈ}}
|{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}
|{{IPA link|k}}
|
|-
! {{small|[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|{{IPA link|b}}
|{{IPA link|d}}
|{{IPA link|ɖ}}
|{{IPA link|d͡ʒ}}
|{{IPA link|ɡ}}
|
|-
!rowspan="2"|[[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
! {{small|[[voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
|
|{{IPA link|s}}
|
|
|
|{{IPA link|h}}
|-
! {{small|[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|
|{{IPA link|z}}
|
|
|
|
|-
!rowspan=2| [[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
! {{small|[[median consonant|median]]}}
|{{IPA link|ʋ}}
|
|
|{{IPA link|j}}
|
|
|-
! {{small|[[lateral consonant|lateral]]}}
|
|{{IPA link|l}}
|{{IPA link|ɭ}}
|
|
|
|-
!colspan=2| [[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]]
|
|{{IPA link|r}}
|
|
|
|
|}

==Sample Text==
The given sample text is Article 1 from the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.<ref>{{cite web |title=Universal Declaration of Human Rights |url=https://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/index.html |website=www.un.org |access-date=29 March 2020 |language=en |date=6 October 2015}}</ref>

===English===
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

===Kolami===
ऎल् मन्ककॆर् स्वातन्त्र्यमड् पुट्टॆन्दन् वन्नॆर्.
मरि समानं मरि अधिकारङ्कुळन् समानम् अण्डर्.
अवर् तर्कङ्कुळ् मरि विवेकंलड् सम्पन्नं मरि ऒक्कॊरिक्कॊवॆण्ट बन्धूत्वंलॆ भावनालड् आडन् पाजे।

ఎల్ మన్కకెర్ స్వాతంత్ర్యమనడ్ పుట్టెందన్ వన్నెర్.
మరి సమానం మరి అధికారంకుళన్ సమానం అండర్.
అవర్ తర్కంకుళ్ మరి వివేకంలడ్ సంపన్నం మరి ఒక్కొరిక్కొవెంట బంధూత్వంలె భావనాలడ్ ఆడన్ పాజే.

===Romanisation===
El mankaker svātantryamaḍ puṭṭendan vanner. Iṇi samānam iṇi adhikāraṅkuḷan samānam aṇḍar. Avar tarkaṅkuḷ iṇi vivēkanlaḍ sampannam iṇi okkorikkoveṇṭa bandhutvamle bhāvanālaḍ āḍan pājē.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Phrases !! English Translation !! Dēvanāgarī !! Telugu
|-
| Inne pidir tāned ? || What is your name ?
|| इन्नॆ पिदिर् तानॆद् ? || ఇన్నె పిదిర్ తానెద్ ?
|-
| Anne pidir rāmak || My name is rāmand
|| अन्नॆ पिदिर् रामन्द् || అన్నె పిదిర్ రామన్ద్
|-
|| Rāmak, avar devar|| Rāmak, they are god|| रामक्, अवर् देवक् || రామక్,అపర్ దేవక్
|-
| Āy || Yes || आय् || ఆయ్
|-
| Tōted, Sillai|| No || तोतॆद्, सिल्लै|| తోతెద్, సిల్లై
|-
| var itti || Come (singular) here || वर् इत्ति || వర్ ఇత్తి
|-
| varrur|| come (plural) || वर्रुर् || వర్రుర్
|-
| Etti ini enaṅ || where and how || ऎत्ति इनि ऎनङ् || ఎత్తి ఇవి ఎనఙ్
|-
|}

Also see [[wikt:Appendix:Kolami Swadesh list|Kolami Swadesh list]] on wiktionary.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book |last=Emeneau |first=Murray B. |year=1955 |title=Kolami: A Dravidian Language |location=Berkeley and Los Angeles |publisher=University of California Press}}
* {{cite book
|last=Emeneau
|first=Murray B
|year=1961
|title=Kolami: A Dravidian Language
|location=Annamalainagar
|publisher=Annamalai University
|pages=302
}}

{{Languages of India}}
{{Dravidian languages}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kolami Language}}
[[Category:Agglutinative languages]]
[[Category:Dravidian languages]]
[[Category:Languages of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Endangered languages of India]]
[[Category:Languages written in Devanagari]]

Central Water Commission

2026-03-26T12:03:11Z

Tyrone73H144: improve article

{{Short description|Indian government agency}}
{{More citations needed|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox organization
| name = CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION
| formation = 1945
| logo = Cwclogo.jpg
| abbreviation = CWC
| headquarters = Sewa Bhawan, R.K. Puram, New Delhi
| location_country = INDIA
| leader_title = Ministers Responsible
| leader_name = [[Chandrakant Raghunath Patil]], [[Union Minister]] of Jal Shakti
[[V. Somanna]], [[Minister of State]]
[[Raj Bhushan Choudhary]], [[Minister of State]]
| leader_title2 = Chairman
| leader_name2 = Atul Jain
| leader_title3 = Duties
| leader_name3 = Premier Technical Organization of India in the field of Water Resources
| leader_title4 = Mode of Selection
| leader_name4 = Indian [[Engineering Services Examination]] for Group 'A' Post

[[Staff Selection Commission]] JE Exam for Group 'B' Post
| website = http://www.cwc.gov.in
}}
'''Central Water Commission (CWC)''' is a technical organization of India in the field of water resources.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goteti |first=Gopi |date=2024 |title=Limitations of catchment area estimates and river basin boundaries from the Central Water Commission and the water resources information system |url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=178396806&lang=en-gb&site=eds-live&scope=site |journal=Current Science |volume=127 |issue=1 |pages=28–34 |via=EBSCOhost}}</ref> It is presently functioning as an attached office of the [[Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation]], [[Ministry of Jal Shakti]], [[Government of India]]. The commission is entrusted with the general responsibilities of initiating, coordinating and furthering in consultation of the [[State governments of India|State Governments]] concerned, schemes for control, conservation and utilization of water resources throughout the country, for purpose of [[flood control]], [[irrigation]], navigation, drinking water supply and [[Hydroelectricity|hydro power development]]. It also undertakes the investigations, construction and execution of any such schemes as required.

CWC is headed by a chairman, with the status of Ex-Officio Secretary to the Government of India. The work of the commission is divided among three wings namely, Designs and Research (D&R) Wing, River Management (RM) Wing and Water Planning and Projects (WP&P) Wing. Each wing is placed under the charge of a full-time Member with the status of Ex-Officio Additional Secretary to the Government of India and comprising a number of organizations responsible for the disposal of tasks and duties falling within their assigned scope of functions.

== History ==
Central Water Commission (CWC) came into existence as “Central Waterways, Irrigation and Navigation Commission” (CWINC) in 1945 which was established on the advice of [[B. R. Ambedkar|Dr. B. R. Ambedkar]], Member (Labour) in the then [[Viceroy's Executive Council|Viceroy's Executive Council]]. The final proposal for establishment of CWINC was prepared by the then Department of Labour with the help of Dr. A.N. Khosla, Consulting Engineer to the Govt. of India for Waterways, Irrigation and Navigation. Dr. A.N. Khosla was subsequently appointed as founder Chairman of the CWINC. Thereafter, Govt. of India vide Ministry of Natural Resources and Scientific Research Resolution dated 21.04.1951 decided on grounds of economy and efficiency, to amalgamate the CWINC and Central Electricity Commission into Central Water and Power Commission (CW&PC). With the creation of the Ministry of Irrigation and Power in 1952, CW&PC became its attached office.

Following the bifurcation of the Ministry of Irrigation and Power in the year 1974 into Department of Power under the Ministry of Energy and Department of Irrigation under the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, the CW&PC was also bifurcated and its water wing became the Central Water Commission (CWC) and its power wing became the Central Electricity Authority (CEA). Central Water Commission is presently functioning as an attached office of the Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India.

== Functions of CWC ==
Following are the functional domains of CWC:

*Basin Planning and Management
*Appraisal of Water Resources Projects
*Establishing Project Hydrology
*Survey & Investigation of Water Resources Projects
*Civil & Structural Design of Water Resources Projects
*Hydro-Mechanical Design of Water Resources Projects
*Monitoring of Water Resources Projects
*Dam Safety
*Flood Forecasting/ Hydrological Observation
*River Management
*Inter-State/ International conflict resolution in Water related Disputes
*Monitoring the River Water Quality

== Regional offices ==
In order to achieve better management in the Water Resources Sector and to have better coordination with State Government departments, CWC has established 14 regional organisations, each headed by a Chief Engineer. The organisations with their location are as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
! Sl.
! Location
! Organization
|-
|1
|Bengaluru
|Monitoring South Organization (MSO)
|-
|2
|Bhopal
|Narmada Basin Organization (NBO)
|-
|3
|Bhubaneswar
|Mahanadi and Eastern Rivers Organization (MERO)
|-
|4
|Chandigarh
|Indus Basin Organization (IBO)
|-
|5
|Coimbatore
|Cauvery and Southern Rivers Organization (CSRO)
|-
|6
|Delhi
|Yamuna Basin Organization (YBO)
|-
|7
|Gandhi Nagar
|Mahi and Tapi Basin Organization (MTBO)
|-
|8
|Guwahati
|Brahmaputra Basin Organization (BBO)
|-
|9
|Hyderabad
|Krishna and Godavari Basin Organization (KGBO)
|-
|10
|Kolkata
|Teesta and Bhagirathi Damodar Basin Organization (T&BDBO)
|-
|11
|Lucknow
|Upper Ganga Basin Organization (UGBO)
|-
|12
|Nagpur
|Monitoring Central Organization (MCO)
|-
|13
|Patna
|Lower Ganga Basin Organization (LGBO)
|-
|14
|Shillong
|Barak and Other Basin Organization (BOBO)
|}

== Central Water Engineering Service (CWES) ==
Central Water Engineering Service (CWES) Group ‘A’ Service was formally constituted in the year 1965, though the cadre had been building since April, 1945 when Central Waterways, Irrigation and Navigation Commission (CWINC) was constituted. CWES is the only organized Group ‘A’ Service at central government dealing with water sector. CWES was mainly constituted with the objective of efficiently manning the various formations of the Government of India (GOI) dealing with water resources development.

CWES officers, belonging to Civil Engineering or Mechanical Engineering streams, are either directly recruited for the Group-A posts by the [[Union Public Service Commission]] (UPSC) on the basis of Engineering Services Examination (ESE) or by way of promotion of Group-B officers in the feeder grade.

National Water Academy (NWA), Pune, the in house training institute of Central Water Commission (CWC), conducts induction training program for the directly recruited CWES officers joining at the assistant director level. The promotee CWES officers also undergo an orientation course at NWA. These trainings expose CWES officers to various aspects/ issues of water sector and enable them with various techno-managerial tools to deal with various challenges in the sector. Besides, NWA also conducts Mandatory Cadre Training Programs, various types of trainings and capacity building programs for CWES officers at different levels throughout the year. CWES officers are also sent on foreign trainings on a regular basis.

CWES officers head important organisations under the Department of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation (DoWR, RD & GR), Ministry of Jal Shakti. Majority of the CWES officers are posted in Central Water Commission (CWC), while a sizeable no. of posts of CWES are also encadered in other organizations. This includes encadered posts in DoWR, RD & GR, Central Electricity Authority (CEA), Ganga Flood Control Commission (GFCC), [[Farakka Barrage]] Project (FBP), Krishna River Management Board (KRMB), Godavari River Management Board (GRMB), Cauvery Water Management Authority (CWMA) etc.

Opportunities are also available for CWES officers to steer other organisations e.g. National Water Development Agency (NWDA), Central Water & Power Research Station (CWPRS), Central Soil & Material Research Station (CSMRS), National Institute of Hydrology (NIH), Upper Yamuna River Board (UYRB), etc. CWES officers are also deputed on foreign assignments of planning and execution of Water Resources Projects and other long and short term deputations in international institutions such as [[Asian Development Bank]] (ADB). In addition, CWES Gr.‘A’ officers avail opportunities of serving on important posts in other Govt. departments through Central Staffing Scheme(CSS).

== Designations and career progression ==
Positions and Designations held by CWES officers in their career are as below-
{| class="wikitable"
|Junior Time Scale (JTS)
|Assistant Director / Assistant Executive Engineer
|-
|Senior Time Scale (STS)

|Deputy Director/ Executive Engineer/ Deputy Commissioner (Equivalent to Under Secretary to GOI)
|-
|Non Functional Second Grade (NFSG)
|Deputy Director/ Executive Engineer/ Deputy Commissioner (Equivalent to Deputy Secretary to GOl)
|-
|Junior Administrative Grade (JAG)
|Director/ Superintending Engineer/ Senior Joint Commissioner (Equivalent to Director to GOI)
|-
|Senior Administrative Grade (SAG)
|Chief Engineer/ Commissioner (Equivalent to Joint Secretary to GOI)
|-
|Higher Administrative Grade (HAG)
|Member, CWC/ Chairman, GFCC/KRMB/GRMB (Equivalent to Additional Secretary to GOI)
|-
|Apex Scale
|Chairman, CWC (Equivalent to Secretary to GOI)
|}
According to prevalent recruitment rules for CWES cadre, an officer is expected to put in minimum 4 years of service at the Junior Time Scale (JTS) level, and nine years at Senior Time Scale (STS) level before his or her promotion to the Junior Administrative Grade (JAG) level. During their tenure at JTS and STS level, the officers develop requisite competencies for bigger responsibilities at JAG level. At JAG and above, the officers are required to deliver well defined output. A CWES officer may further be promoted to Senior Administrative Grade (SAG) level and Higher Administrative Grade (HAG) level after putting in a minimum of 17 years and 25 years of Gr. A service respectively subject to other terms and conditions.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Ministry of Water Resources (India)]]

Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009

2026-03-26T11:49:56Z

Tyrone73H144:

{{Short description|Children's rights in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox legislation
| short_title = Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009
| imagesize = 100
| long_title = An Act to provide for free and compulsory education to all the children of the age of six to fourteen years.
| citation = [https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/upload_document/rte.pdf Act No. 35 of 2009]
| enacted_by = [[Parliament of India]]
| date_assented = 26 August 2009
| date_commenced = 1 April 2010
| related = [[Eighty-sixth Amendment of the Constitution of India|86th Amendment]] (2002)
| status = in force
}}

The '''Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009''', commonly known as the '''Right to Education Act''' ('''RTE'''), is a legislation enacted by the [[Parliament of India]] on 4 August 2009. It provides for [[free education|free]] and [[compulsory education]] to all [[Children and adolescents in India|children]] aged 6 to 14 years in India, in accordance with Article 21A of the [[Constitution of India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.education.nic.in/constitutional.asp |title=Provisions of the Constitution of India having a bearing on Education |publisher=Department of Higher Education |access-date=1 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201181216/http://www.education.nic.in/constitutional.asp |archive-date=1 February 2010 }}</ref> The Act came into effect on 1 April 2010, making India one of 135 countries to recognise [[Right to education|education as a fundamental right]] for every child.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article337111.ece|title=Education is a fundamental right now|author=Aarti Dhar|date=1 April 2010|work=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8598167.stm|title=India launches children's right to education|date=1 April 2010|publisher=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article365232.ece|title=India joins list of 135 countries in making education a right|date=2 April 2010|work=The Hindu News}}</ref>

==History==

Article 21A, introduced by the 86th Amendment to the [[Constitution of India]] in 2002, made education a fundamental right. However, the amendment did not specify the manner of implementation, instead stating that enabling legislation would be required.

The first draft of the bill was prepared in 2005 to outline practical measures for implementation of the right. It generated controversy due to a provision mandating the reservation of 25% of seats in [[Private school|private schools]] for children from disadvantaged backgrounds, among other groups. The sub-committee of the Central Advisory Board of Education, which prepared the draft, considered this provision essential for fostering a democratic and [[Egalitarianism|egalitarian]] society. Earlier, the Law Commission of India had recommended a 50% reservation for disadvantaged students in private schools.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Centre-buries-Right-to-Education-Bill/articleshow/1748745.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103150337/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-07-14/india/27789149_1_education-bill-private-school-lobby-seats-for-poor-children|url-status=live|archive-date=3 November 2012|title=Centre buries Right to Education Bill – India|last=Seethalakshmi|first=S.
|date=14 July 2006|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=1 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://education.nic.in/elementary/RighttoEducationBill2005.pdf |title=Microsoft Word – Final Right To Education Bill 2005 modified-14.11.2005.doc |access-date=1 September 2010 |archive-date=5 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705124410/http://www.education.nic.in/elementary/RighttoEducationBill2005.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The enactment of the Right to Education (RTE) Act marked a shift towards a rights-based approach, placing a legal obligation on both the Central and State Governments to ensure the implementation of this right in accordance with the Act's provisions.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.lawji.in/2018/09/right-to-education.html|title=Right to Education|work=LawJi.in : one-stop destination for all law students|access-date=2018-09-26|archive-date=27 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927005340/https://www.lawji.in/2018/09/right-to-education.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Precedents==
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE) is not without precedent. At the time of drafting the Constitution, the idea of universal adult franchise faced opposition, as a significant portion of the population was illiterate. Nonetheless, the framers of the Constitution recognised the importance of education and included Article 45 in the Directive Principles of State Policy:

<blockquote>"The State shall endeavour to provide, within a period of ten years from the commencement of this Constitution, for free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age of fourteen years."</blockquote>

As this deadline passed without fulfilment, several decades later, the then Education Minister, [[M. C. Chagla]], remarked:

<blockquote>"Our Constitution fathers did not intend that we just set up hovels, put students there, give untrained teachers, give them bad textbooks, no playgrounds, and say, we have complied with Article 45 and primary education is expanding... They meant that real education should be given to our children between the ages of 6 and 14." — M. C. Chagla, 1964<ref name=ssa>{{Cite web| title=The Situation of Elementary Education in India | url=http://www.indg.in/primary-education/policiesandschemes/rte_ssa_final_report.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727235224/http://www.indg.in/primary-education/policiesandschemes/rte_ssa_final_report.pdf | archive-date=2011-07-27}}</ref></blockquote>

During the 1990s, with support from the World Bank, efforts were made to establish schools accessible to rural communities. These initiatives were later consolidated under the [[Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan]], a flagship programme aimed at achieving universal elementary education. The RTE Act builds upon these earlier efforts by making the enrolment of children in schools a legal obligation of the State.

== Passage ==

The bill was approved by the [[Union Council of Ministers|Union Cabinet]] on 2 July 2009.<ref>{{cite news|title=Cabinet approves Right to Education Bill|url=http://newindianexpress.com/nation/article90087.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023141338/http://newindianexpress.com/nation/article90087.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 October 2013|work=The New Indian Express|date=2 July 2009|access-date=2 July 2009}}</ref> It was passed by the [[Rajya Sabha]] on 20 July 2009<ref>{{cite news|title=Rajya Sabha passes Right to Education bill|url=http://newindianexpress.com/nation/article97310.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023141335/http://newindianexpress.com/nation/article97310.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 October 2013 |work= The News Indian Express|date=20 July 2009}}</ref> and subsequently by the [[Lok Sabha]] on 4 August 2009.<ref>{{cite news|title=Parliament passes landmark Right to Education Bill|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/parliament-passes-landmark-right-to-education-bill/497964/|work=The Indian Express|date=4 August 2009}}</ref> The bill received Presidential assent and was notified as law on 26 August 2009,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=52370|title=The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 notified|date=3 September 2009|publisher=Press Information Bureau|access-date=1 April 2010}}</ref> under the title ''The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://education.nic.in/Elementary/free%20and%20compulsory.pdf |title=Right to Education Bill 2009 |access-date=1 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212101037/http://education.onojnjniononioniniononinonionioninionnic.in/Elementary/free%20and%20compulsory.pdf |archive-date=12 February 2012 }}</ref> The Act came into force across India, except in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, on 1 April 2010.

While introducing the legislation, the then [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]], [[Manmohan Singh]], stated:

<blockquote>"We are committed to ensuring that all children, irrespective of gender and social category, have access to education—an education that enables them to acquire the skills, knowledge, values and attitudes necessary to become responsible and active citizens of India."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=60001 |title=Prime Minister's Address to the Nation on The Fundamental Right of Children to Elementary Education |publisher=Pib.nic.in |access-date=1 September 2010}}</ref></blockquote>

== Highlights ==

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE) provides every child the right to free and compulsory education until the completion of elementary education in a neighbourhood school. The Act clarifies that "compulsory education" refers to the obligation of the appropriate government to ensure free and compulsory admission, attendance, and completion of elementary education for every child between the ages of 6 and 14 years. The term "free" implies that no child shall be required to pay any fee, charge, or expense that may hinder their ability to pursue and complete elementary education.

=== Admission and access to education ===
The Act mandates regular surveys to identify children in need of education and to ensure that suitable facilities are established in every neighbourhood to meet this requirement. According to Sam Carlson, the [[World Bank]]'s education specialist for India:

<blockquote>"The RTE Act is the first legislation in the world that places the responsibility of ensuring enrolment, attendance, and completion on the Government. In the United States and other countries, it is the parents’ responsibility to send children to school."<ref>
name=prayatna</ref></blockquote>

The Act also stipulates that newly admitted children must be placed in age-appropriate classes.

=== Implementation framework ===
The Act outlines the duties and responsibilities of governments, local authorities, and parents in ensuring free and compulsory education. It also provides for the sharing of financial and administrative responsibilities between the central and state governments.

It mandates the formation of School Management Committees (SMCs) in all government and aided schools to facilitate community and parental participation in school governance. It also establishes monitoring and accountability mechanisms. A 14-member [[National Advisory Council (India)|National Advisory Council]] (NAC) was constituted to oversee the implementation of the Act.

=== Quality standards ===
The RTE Act prescribes norms and standards related to [[pupil-teacher ratios]] (PTRs), school buildings and infrastructure, number of working days for schools, and working hours for teachers. It mandates the appointment of an adequate number of trained and qualified teachers and requires that PTRs be maintained at the level of each individual school, rather than averaged across districts or states, to prevent urban-rural disparities in teacher distribution.

Teachers are prohibited from being assigned non-educational duties, except for activities such as the decennial census, elections to local bodies and legislatures, and disaster relief operations.

The Act calls for the development of curricula in line with constitutional values, aimed at the holistic development of children. It emphasises learning that builds on the child's knowledge, potential, and talents, and promotes a system that is free of fear, trauma, and anxiety through child-friendly and child-centred education.

=== Child-friendly provisions ===
The Act explicitly prohibits the following:
* Physical punishment and mental harassment
* Screening procedures for admission
* Collection of capitation fees
* Private tuition by teachers
* Operation of unrecognised schools

While the RTE Act covers the right to education for children aged 6 to 14, the rights of children with disabilities to free education up to the age of 18 are addressed under the Persons with Disabilities Act. The RTE Act also includes provisions to improve school infrastructure, teacher-student ratios, and faculty qualifications.

==Amendments==
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE) has undergone several amendments since its enactment, aimed at improving implementation and addressing evolving educational needs.

In 2017, an amendment extended the deadline for unqualified teachers to acquire the necessary professional qualifications. This amendment emphasised teacher training through distance learning, aiming to improve the quality of teaching in government and private schools.

The 2019 amendment removed the no-detention policy, thereby allowing state governments to reintroduce examinations in Classes 5 and 8. Under the revised provisions, students who fail these examinations may be detained, provided that they are first given remedial instruction and the opportunity to appear for a re-examination.

On 7 May 2014, the Supreme Court of India ruled that the provisions of the RTE Act do not apply to minority educational institutions, thereby exempting them from certain requirements under the Act.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140508004809/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/rte-not-applicable-to-minority-schools-sc/article1-1216632.aspx Minority institutions are exempted from Right to Education Act]</ref>

In 2011, the government took an in-principle decision to extend the right to education up to Class X (age 16)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=72540 |title=Shri Kapil Sibal Addresses 58th Meeting of CABE; Proposes Extension of RTE up to Secondary Level Moots Bill to Control Malpractices in School Education |publisher=PIB |date=7 June 2010 |access-date=8 October 2010}}</ref> and to include preschool education within its ambit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-08-03/news/29846436_1_rte-act-government-schools-upper-primary-levels |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120531080528/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-08-03/news/29846436_1_rte-act-government-schools-upper-primary-levels |url-status=dead |archive-date=31 May 2012 |title=NAC recommends pre-primary sections in govt schools |work=The Economic Times|date=3 August 2010 |access-date=8 October 2010}}</ref> However, in subsequent years, the government's policy emphasis shifted towards the development and implementation of a new [[National Education Policy 2020|National Education Policy]] (NEP) rather than expanding the scope of the RTE Act.

The NEP 2020 proposes further reforms, including the possible extension of the RTE framework to cover early childhood care and education (ages 3–6) as well as secondary education. It also stresses the integration of digital learning, vocational training, and other innovations to address contemporary educational challenges.

==Status of implementation and funding==

===Significant achievements===

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE), implemented in 2010, has made significant contributions to India's education system. Notable achievements include:

* '''Increased Enrolment, Reduced Dropout Rates, and Narrowing of Gender Gaps:''' Overall school enrolment reached 97.2% by 2018.<ref>{{cite web|title=Annual Status of Education Report 2018|url=http://img.asercentre.org/docs/ASER%202018/Release%20Material/aserreport2018.pdf|publisher=ASER Centre|access-date=2025-01-04}}</ref> There was a marked increase in the enrolment of girls in both primary and secondary education.
* '''Improved Infrastructure:''' The enforcement of infrastructure norms led to improved school facilities. For instance, the proportion of schools with usable girls' toilets doubled to 66.4% by 2018.<ref>{{cite web|title=U-DISE Flash Statistics 2016-17|url=http://udise.in/Downloads/Publications/Documents/Flash_Statistics_on_School_Education-2016-17.pdf|publisher=National University of Educational Planning and Administration|access-date=2025-01-04}}</ref> Recruitment and training of teachers were also enhanced, leading to improved quality of education delivery.
* '''Inclusion of Disadvantaged Groups:''' More than 3.3 million students were admitted under the 25% reservation for children from economically weaker sections and disadvantaged groups.<ref>{{cite web|title=RTE Implementation Report|url=http://mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/upload_document/RTE_Implementation_Report.pdf|publisher=Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India|access-date=2025-01-04}}</ref>

===Continued policy implementation gap===

Despite the above gains, significant gaps remain in the implementation of the Act. As per public estimates based on UDISE+ 2019–20 data, only 25.5% of schools complied with all infrastructure norms under the RTE Act. Compliance rates ranged from 63.6% in [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] to as low as 1.3% in [[Meghalaya]]. Furthermore, regularly updated RTE compliance data is no longer made publicly available.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/106440961|title=Centre, states to share RTE expenses in 68:32 ratio|work=The Pandemic Years: Status of Implementation of the RTE Act 2009, RTE Forum|date=2023|access-date=4 January 2025}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref>

The Ministry of Human Resource Development had released periodic reports on the status of implementation, including a report on the first anniversary of the Act and subsequent updates till 2015. These reports noted that 1.7 million children between the ages of 6 and 14 remained out of school, and there was a shortage of approximately 508,000 teachers across the country.

A shadow report released by the National RTE Forum—a coalition of leading education networks led by activist [[Ambarish Rai]] —challenged the government's findings, highlighting delays in fulfilling several key legal commitments. The [[Supreme Court of India]] has intervened at various points to ensure implementation of the Act. The Act has also served as a legal basis for enforcing pay parity between teachers in government and government-aided schools.

===Challenges to implementation===
One of the primary barriers to effective implementation is the insufficient investment by both central and state governments in upgrading schools to meet RTE standards. India continues to allocate less than 4% of its GDP to education, falling short of the globally recommended minimum for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) and Education for All (EFA) targets.

As education is a concurrent subject under the Indian Constitution, both the Centre and the States have legislative powers. However, many state governments have argued that they lack the financial capacity to provide education of the required standard across all schools.<ref name="et">{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/policy/Centre-states-to-share-RTE-expenses-in-6832-ratio/articleshow/6235330.cms |title=Centre, states to share RTE expenses in 68:32 ratio |work=The Economic Times |date=30 July 2010 |access-date=1 September 2010}}</ref>

A committee tasked with estimating funding requirements projected a need of ₹1710 billion (₹1.71 trillion or approximately US$38.2 billion) over five years. In April 2010, the central government agreed to bear 65% of the cost, with states covering 35%, and a 90:10 ratio for [[Northeast India|north-eastern]] states.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-02-13/india/28133665_1_ratio-funds-hrd-ministry|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811071258/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-02-13/india/28133665_1_ratio-funds-hrd-ministry|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 August 2011|title=Right To Education Act to be implemented from April|author=PTI|date=13 February 2010|work=[[The Times of India]]|location=New Delhi}}</ref> This estimate was later revised to ₹2,310 billion, with the Centre increasing its share to 68%.<ref name="et" /> Despite these agreements, actual budgetary allocations for education have remained inadequate, particularly in the aftermath of the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India|COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbgaindia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Revisting-the-Priorities-An-Analysis-of-Union-Budget-2024-25.pdf |title=Revisiting the Priorities: An Analysis of Union Budget 2024-25 |publisher=CBGA |date=2024 |access-date=4 January 2025}}</ref>

===Inter-state variation===

The implementation of the RTE Act varies considerably across states. For example, the [[Government of Haryana]] assigned the responsibilities of implementation and monitoring to Block Elementary Education Officers–cum–Block Resource Coordinators (BEEOs-cum-BRCs) to ensure effective execution of the Act at the grassroots level.<ref>RTE Implementation http://iharnews.com/index.php/education/295-beeo-right-to-education-act-haryana {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524071821/http://www.iharnews.com/index.php/education/295-beeo-right-to-education-act-haryana |date=24 May 2013}}</ref>

==Criticism==
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE) has attracted criticism on multiple grounds, including concerns over its drafting process, lack of consultation, inadequate focus on quality, and its impact on private and minority-run schools. It has also been criticised for excluding children under six years of age from its purview.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indiatogether.org/education/consoct01.htm|title=Common Demands on Education|last=George|first=Sony|date=November 2001|work=India Together|access-date=1 April 2010|archive-date=22 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222093152/http://indiatogether.org/education/consoct01.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Some critics argue that many of the Act's provisions simply extend existing government programmes such as the [[Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan]] from the 2000s and the District Primary Education Programme (DPEP) of the 1990s, both of which have been criticised for inefficiency<ref name=southasia/> and allegations of corruption.<ref>{{cite web|author=Aarti Dhar |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article538703.ece |title=News / National : U.K. doesn't intend to probe Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan for corruption |work=The Hindu|date=28 July 2010 |access-date=1 September 2010}}</ref>

===Failure to provide uniform quality standards===
The Act has been criticised for institutionalising inequality by failing to ensure uniform quality standards across all schools in India. Prominent educationist [[Anil Sadgopal]] stated:

<blockquote>"It is a fraud on our children. It gives neither free education nor compulsory education. In fact, it only legitimises the present multi-layered, inferior-quality school education system where discrimination shall continue to prevail."<ref name=panel>{{cite web|author= |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/ftn-privatisation-no-cure-for-indias-education-ills/98584-3.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090807024038/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/ftn-privatisation-no-cure-for-indias-education-ills/98584-3.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 August 2009 |title=FTN: Privatisation no cure for India's education ills |publisher=IBNLive |date=3 February 2010 |access-date=1 September 2010}}</ref></blockquote>

Entrepreneur and author [[Gurcharan Das]] highlighted that 54% of urban children attend private schools, with the figure growing at 3% annually. He remarked, "Even poor children are abandoning government schools. They are leaving because the teachers are not showing up."<ref name=panel/> However, other researchers contend that perceived learning advantages in private schools often diminish when controlling for variables such as family income and parental literacy.

===Public-private partnership and quota provisions===
To address issues of access and quality, the Act includes provisions for compensating private schools that admit students under the 25% reservation quota for economically weaker sections. This approach has drawn comparisons to [[school voucher]] systems, where parents can choose between public and private institutions.

Organisations such as the All India Forum for Right to Education (AIF-RTE) have criticised this model, arguing that it reflects the state's withdrawal from its constitutional responsibility to provide universal elementary education.<ref name=southasia>{{cite web|author=Infochange India |url=http://southasia.oneworld.net/todaysheadlines/india-to-notify-right-to-education-act |title=India to notify right to education act |publisher=Southasia.oneworld.net |access-date=1 September 2010}}</ref>

===Criticism from private schools===
Given the perceived inadequacies in public education—such as teacher absenteeism, infrastructure deficiencies, and allegations of politically influenced appointments—low-cost private schools argue that they offer better value for money.<ref>{{cite web|author=Surbhi Bhatia |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/Quality-in-education-Its-my-legal-right/articleshow/6217082.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811092725/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-26/education/28302755_1_compulsory-education-muslim-girls-education-act |url-status=live |archive-date=11 August 2011 |title=Quality in education: It's my legal right – Education – Home |date=26 July 2010 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=1 September 2010}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=January 2025}} In some states, average monthly salaries for rural private school teachers are reportedly as low as ₹4,000,<ref name=prayatna>{{cite web|url=http://prayatna.typepad.com/education/teachers_salaries/ |title=Education in India: Teachers' salaries |publisher=Prayatna.typepad.com |access-date=1 September 2010}}</ref> compared to significantly higher government school salaries.

Supporters of private education argue that these schools serve marginalised children who face [[caste-based discrimination]] in public schools. However, critics contend that many low-fee private schools operate without official recognition due to non-compliance with quality standards, and their fee-based nature excludes the poorest families. As such, they are often viewed as catering to a relatively better-off rural elite.

In Writ Petition (Civil) No. 95 of 2010, the Society for Un-aided Private Schools, Rajasthan, along with 31 other private school associations,<ref name="Right to Edu Act: Supreme Court judgement">{{cite web|title=Right to Edu Act: Supreme Court judgement|url=http://courtnic.nic.in/supremecourt/temp/95201031242012p.txt|publisher=Supreme Court of India|access-date=2 August 2012|author=S. H. Kapadia|author2=Swatanter Kumar |author3=K. S. Radhakrishnan |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530005029/http://courtnic.nic.in/supremecourt/temp/95201031242012p.txt|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 May 2012}}</ref> petitioned the [[Supreme Court of India]], contending that the RTE Act violated the constitutional right of private entities to manage their institutions without state interference.<ref>{{cite web |author=PTI |url=http://beta.thehindu.com/news/national/article267634.ece |title=The Hindu : News / National : Private schools challenge Right To Education Act in Supreme Court |publisher=Beta.thehindu.com |date=2010-03-22 |access-date=2010-09-01 |archive-date=25 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325004258/http://beta.thehindu.com/news/national/article267634.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> The petitioners specifically challenged the constitutionality of the 25% reservation mandate in unaided private schools.<ref name="southasia" />

On 12 April 2012, a three-judge bench of the [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] delivered a 2–1 judgement. [[Chief Justice of India|Chief Justice]] [[S. H. Kapadia]] and Justice [[Swatanter Kumar]] upheld the validity of the reservation, ruling that it was not unconstitutional. However, they excluded private minority institutions and boarding schools from the purview of the Act. Justice [[K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan]] dissented, holding that the Act could not apply to private unaided schools—minority or otherwise—that did not receive government aid.<ref>{{cite news|title=Supreme Court uphold constitutional validity of RTE Act|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics/nation/seats-for-weaker-sections-under-right-to-education-valid-supreme-court/articleshow/12634042.cms|access-date=12 April 2012|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=12 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Supreme Court upholds constitutional validity of RTE Act|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article3306454.ece?homepage=true|access-date=12 April 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=12 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Society for Un-aided Private Schools of Rajasthan v. Union of India (WP NO. 95 of 2010)|url=http://courtnic.nic.in/supremecourt/temp/95201031242012p.txt|publisher=Supreme Court of India|access-date=13 April 2012}}</ref>

In September 2012, the Supreme Court declined to admit a review petition challenging the verdict.<ref>{{cite news|title=Supreme Court declines review of right to education verdict|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-20/news/33975994_1_unaided-schools-minority-institutions-weaker-sections|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103123519/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-09-20/news/33975994_1_unaided-schools-minority-institutions-weaker-sections|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|access-date=21 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=20 September 2012}}</ref>

=== Implementation issues and case law ===
There is a growing body of case law surrounding RTE implementation across various states. In May 2016, for instance, Maharishi Vidya Mandir, a CBSE-affiliated school in Chetpet, Tamil Nadu, was accused of deliberately bypassing the 25% quota provision.<ref>[http://www.maharishividyamandirchennai.com/ Maharishi Vidya Mandir Protest Site]</ref> Reports alleged that school authorities rejected applications from economically weaker families, claimed that the RTE Act "does not exist," and disqualified candidates based on lack of email addresses or falsified distance criteria to avoid compliance.

In 2017, a [[public interest litigation]] was filed in the High Courts of [[Andhra Pradesh]] and [[Telangana]], seeking effective implementation of the 25% quota provision. The courts directed both state governments to take necessary action to ensure compliance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PIL filed for implementation of RTE in schools in AP, TS |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2017/jun/27/pil-filed-for-implementation-of-rte-in-schools-in-ap-ts-1621278.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=The New Indian Express|date=27 June 2017 }}</ref>

=== Barriers for orphans and documentation requirements ===
Although the RTE Act allows for the admission of children without documentation, several states have continued to insist on proof such as income certificates, caste certificates, [[Ration card (India)|BPL cards]], and birth certificates. These procedural requirements often pose barriers for orphaned children, who may be unable to furnish such documents despite being eligible under the Act.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/School-education-Strict-rules-bar-orphans-from-RTE-benefits/articleshow/12860724.cms | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130706054543/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-25/news/31398228_1_rte-act-orphans-caste-certificate | url-status=live | archive-date=6 July 2013 | title=Strict rules bar orphans from RTE benefits | date=25 April 2012 | work=[[The Times of India]] | access-date=25 April 2012}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Social issues in India}}

[[Category:2009 in education]]
[[Category:Education law in India]]
[[Category:Children's rights in India]]
[[Category:Acts of the Parliament of India 2009]]
[[Category:Manmohan Singh administration]]
[[Category:Compulsory education]]

Kobe Steel

2026-03-25T19:31:29Z

Tyrone73H144: enhanced section for accuracy

{{for|the construction equipment subsidiary|Kobelco Construction Machinery America}}
{{short description|Japanese steelmaker}}
{{update|date=November 2017}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Kobe Steel, Ltd.
| trade_name = Kobelco
| native_name = 株式会社神戸製鋼所
| native_name_lang = ja
| romanized_name = Kabushiki gaisha Kōbe Seikō-sho
| logo = Kobelco logo.svg
| logo_size = 200px
| image = 東京本社ONビル.jpg
| image_caption = Tokyo Head Office
| type = [[public company|Public]] (''[[Kabushiki gaisha]]'')
| traded_as = {{TYO|5406}} {{NAG|5406}} [[Nikkei 225]] component (TYO)
| foundation = Kobe, Japan ({{start date and age|1905|9|1}})
| founder = Suzuki Shoten Seiichiro Kobayashi
| location = 2-4, Wakinohama-Kaigandori 2-chome, [[Chūō-ku, Kobe|Chūō-ku]], [[Kobe]], [[Hyōgo]], 651-8585, Japan
| key_people = Mitsugu Yamaguchi, ([[CEO]] and [[President (corporate title)|President]])
| industry = [[Steel]]
| products = {{Unbulleted list|[[Steel & Aluminum]]|[[Advanced Materials]]|[[Welding]]|[[Machinery]]|[[Engineering]]|[[Construction Machinery]]|[[Electric Power]]}}
| revenue = {{increase}} [[Japanese yen|¥]]106.8 billion (FY 2022)
| net_income = {{increase}} [[Japanese yen|¥]]72.5 billion (FY 2022)
| num_employees = 38,106 (consolidated) (as of March 31, 2022)
| homepage = {{Official URL}}
| footnotes = <ref name="KP">{{cite web |url=https://www.kobelco.co.jp/english/about_kobelco/kobesteel/profile/index.html |title=Corporate Profile|website=Kobelco.co.jp |access-date=April 13, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kobelco.co.jp/ir/library/fncl_results/2022/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2022/08/09/220809_hosoku.pdf |title=Financial statements for the first quarter of 2022 |website=Kobelco.co.jp |access-date=August 28, 2022 |archive-date=August 28, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828053824/https://www.kobelco.co.jp/ir/library/fncl_results/2022/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2022/08/09/220809_hosoku.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| assets = [[Japanese yen|¥]]250.9 billion (as of March 31, 2022)
}}

'''Kobe Steel, Ltd.''' (株式会社神戸製鋼所, ''Kabushiki gaisha Kōbe Seikō-sho'') is a major [[Japan|Japanese]] [[Steel producers|steel manufacturer]] headquartered in [[Chūō-ku, Kobe|Chūō-ku]], [[Kobe]]. '''Kobelco''' is the unified brand name of the Kobe Steel Group.

Kobe Steel has the lowest proportion of steel operations of any major steelmaker in Japan and is characterised as a conglomerate comprising the three pillars of the Materials Division, the Machinery Division and the Power Division.<ref name="収益構造">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kobelco.co.jp/about_kobelco/outline/integrated-reports/index.html |title=統合報告書 |work=KOBELCO：神戸製鋼所グループ |publisher=株式会社神戸製鋼所 |accessdate=28 August 2022}}</ref>

The materials division has a high market share in wire rods and aluminium materials for transport equipment, while the machinery division has a high market share in screw compressors. In addition, the power sector has one of the largest wholesale power supply operations in the country.<ref name="市場シェア">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kobelco.co.jp/about_kobelco/outline/integrated-reports/index.html |title=統合報告書 |work=KOBELCO：神戸製鋼所グループ |publisher=株式会社神戸製鋼所 |accessdate=28 August 2022}}</ref>

Kobe Steel is a member of the [[Mizuho Financial Group|Mizuho]] [[keiretsu]]. It was formerly part of the [[DKB Group]], [[Sanwa Group]] keiretsu, which later were subsumed into Mizuho.
The company is listed on the [[Tokyo Stock Exchange|Tokyo]] & [[Nagoya Stock Exchange]], where its stock is a component of the [[Nikkei 225]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indexes.nikkei.co.jp/en/nkave/index/component?idx=nk225#17 |title=Components:Nikkei Stock Average |publisher=[[Nikkei Inc.]] |access-date=April 13, 2014}}</ref>

As of March 31, 2022, Kobe Steel has 201 subsidiaries and 50 affiliated companies across [[Japan]], [[Asia]], [[Europe]], the [[Middle East]] and the [[US]]. Its main production facilities are [[Kakogawa Steel Works]] and Takasago Works.<ref name="世界展開">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kobelco.co.jp/about_kobelco/outline/integrated-reports/index.html |title=統合報告書 |work=KOBELCO：神戸製鋼所グループ |publisher=株式会社神戸製鋼所 |accessdate=28 August 2022}}</ref>

Kobe Steel is also famous as the owner of the rugby team [[Kobelco Steelers]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-16 |title=How Dan Carter's Kobelco Steelers are setting the new standard in Japanese rugby |url=https://www.rugbypass.com/news/how-dan-carters-kobelco-steelers-are-setting-the-new-standard-in-japanese-rugby/ |access-date=2023-09-04 |website=www.rugbypass.com |language=en}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Suzuki_&_Co_1918.jpg|thumb|left|Suzuki Shoten headquarters (formerly [[Mikado Hotel]], before 1918)]]
In 1905, the general partnership trading company Suzuki Shoten acquired a steel business in Wakinohama, Kobe, called Kobayashi Seikosho, operated by Seiichiro Kobayashi, and changed its name to Kobe Seikosho. Then, in 1911, Suzuki Shoten spun off the company to establish Kobe Steel Works, Ltd. at Wakinohamacho, Kobe.<ref name="鈴木商店">{{Cite web|url=http://www.suzukishoten-museum.com/footstep/history/cat3/cat3/post-158.php |title=神戸製鋼所設立の歴史① |publisher=鈴木商店記念館 |accessdate=28 August 2022}}</ref>

After the Russo-Japanese War, as the Imperial Japanese Navy adopted a policy of fostering private factories, Kobe Steel received technical guidance and orders from the Kure Naval Arsenal and other arsenals in Maizuru and Yokosuka, and expanded its scale.<ref name="日本海軍との関わり">{{Cite web|url=http://www.suzukishoten-museum.com/footstep/history/cat3/cat3/post-155.php |title=神戸製鋼所設立の歴史③ |publisher=鈴木商店記念館 |accessdate=28 August 2022}}</ref>

Around 1914, the company started making machinery for naval vessels and began its journey as a machine manufacturer. Its business performance expanded, partly due to the shipbuilding boom during World War I. In 1918, it acquired the rights to manufacture diesel engines from Sulzer of Switzerland, helping to speed up the Japanese naval, marine, locomotive and automobile transport sectors.<ref name="大戦景気">{{Cite web|url=http://www.suzukishoten-museum.com/footstep/history/cat3/cat3/post-152.php |title=神戸製鋼所設立の歴史⑤ |publisher=鈴木商店記念館 |accessdate=28 August 2022}}</ref>

Engineers from Kobe Steel played a major role in the establishment and early operation of [[Planta de Pellets]] in the [[Chilean Iron Belt]] in 1978.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Historia de la minería del hierro en Chile|language=Spanish |last=Millán |first=Augusto |publisher=[[Editorial Universitaria]] |year=1999 |isbn=956-11-1499-2 |location=Santiago de Chile|page=163}}</ref><ref name=crisolpelet>{{Cite web |title=Planta de Pellets de CMP en Huasco cumplió 45 años delineando nuevos desafíos |url=https://revistacrisol.cl/planta-pellets-de-cmp-en-huasco-cumplio-45-anos-delineando-nuevos-desafios/ |date=2023-03-20|access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Revista Minera Crisol |language=es}}</ref>

In the Great Hanshin Earthquake of January 1995, the Kobe head office building and company housing collapsed, and the No. 3 Blast Furnace at the Kobe Steel Works was also damaged, resulting in an emergency shutdown, causing approximately JPY 100 billion in damage, the largest for a private company. The Third Blast Furnace, which restarted only two and a half months after the earthquake, had become a 'symbol of recovery', but was suspended in October 2017 in order to strengthen competitiveness.<ref name="第三高炉">{{Cite news |title=神戸製鋼、神戸の高炉休止震災復興の象徴、歴史に幕 |newspaper=朝日新聞 |date=31 October 2017 |url=https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASKB002YJKBZPLFA00W.html |accessdate=28 August 2022 |archive-date=27 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220827165927/https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASKB002YJKBZPLFA00W.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> In recent years, the company has been focusing on fields other than steel, such as aluminium, machinery, and electric power, and is clearly aiming to change from being a 'steelmaker' to a 'manufacturer that also handles steel'.<ref name="事業展開">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kobelco.co.jp/about_kobelco/outline/integrated-reports/index.html |title=統合報告書 |work=KOBELCO：神戸製鋼所グループ |publisher=株式会社神戸製鋼所 |accessdate=28 August 2022}}</ref>

Former prime minister [[Shinzō Abe]] worked at Kobe Steel before entering politics.<ref name="veconomist">{{cite news |date=12 October 2017 |title=Kobe Steel admits falsifying data on 20,000 tonnes of metal |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |url=https://www.economist.com/news/business/21730244-it-latest-long-list-scandals-have-befallen-corporate-japan-kobe-steel-admits}}</ref>

In August 2024, China’s Baoshan Iron and Steel (Baosteel) and Baowu Aluminum partnered with Kobe Steel to establish a joint venture for producing aluminum sheets for the automotive industry.<ref>{{Cite web |title=China's Baosteel, Baowu Aluminum, and Japan's Kobe Steel unite for automotive aluminium sheet manufacturing |url=https://www.alcircle.com/news/chinas-baosteel-baowu-aluminum-and-japans-kobe-steel-unite-for-automotive-aluminium-sheet-manufacturing-111662 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=alcircle |language=en}}</ref>

Today, the KOBELCO Group operates a broad range of business fields that cover Steel & Aluminum, Advanced Materials, Welding, Machinery, Engineering, Construction Machinery, and Electric Power.<ref name="事業展開"/>

== Main locations ==
Source:<ref name="主な事業所">{{Cite　web|url=https://www.kobelco.co.jp/about_kobelco/outline/integrated-reports/index.html |title=統合報告書 |publisher=株式会社神戸製鋼所 |accessdate=28 August 2022}}</ref>
===Domestic Locations===
* Kobe Head Office [[File:Kobe Steel co,ltd.jpg|thumb|right|Kobe Steel Kobe headquarters]]
* Tokyo Head Office
* Takasago Works
* Kobe Corporate Research Laboratories
* Kakogawa Works [[File:Kobe_Steel,_Ltd-神戸製鋼所加古川製鉄所_1172657.jpg|thumb|right|Kakogawa Works]]
* Research & Development Laboratory
* Kobe Wire Rod & Bar Plant [[File:Kobelco Kobe Works 20120928-001.jpg|thumb|right|Kobe Wire Rod & Bar Plant]]
* Fujisawa Office
* Ibaraki Plant
* Saijo Plant
* Fukuchiyama Plant
* Moka Works
* Chofu Works
* Daian Works

===Overseas Regional Headquarters and Offices===
* Kobe Steel USA Inc. (U.S. headquarters): 19575 Victor Parkway, Suite 200 Livonia, MI, 48152, USA
* Kobelco (China) Holding Co., Ltd. (China headquarters, investment company): Room 3701, Hong Kong New World Tower, No.300 Middle Huai Hai Zhong Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200021, People's Republic of China
* Kobelco (China) Holding Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou Branch): Room 1203, #285 East Linhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
* Kobelco South East Asia Ltd. (Regional headquarters for Southeast Asia and South Asia): 17th Floor, Sathorn Thani Tower ll, 92/49 North Sathorn Road, Khwaeng Silom, Khet Bangrak, Bangkok, 10500, Kingdom of Thailand
* Kobelco Europe GmbH (Regional Headquarters for Europe and the Middle East): Luitpoldstrasse 3, 80335 Munich, Germany

== Business Units & Main Products ==

{{Multiple image|perrow = 2|total_width=375|align=right
|image1 = EXCON 2025, Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (724).jpg
|width1 = 125px
|image2 = EXCON 2025, Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (721).jpg
|width2 = 125px
|footer = Kobelco at [[EXCON]] 2025, [[Bangalore International Exhibition Centre|BIEC]]
}}

Source:<ref name="事業領域">{{Cite　web|url=https://www.kobelco.co.jp/about_kobelco/outline/integrated-reports/index.html |title=統合報告書 |publisher=株式会社神戸製鋼所 |accessdate=28 August 2022}}</ref>
===Steel & Aluminum===
* Steel Sheets
* Wire Rods and Bars
* Aluminum Plate
* Steel Plates
===Welding===
* Robots and Electric Power Sources
* Welding Materials
===Advanced Materials===
* Steel Castings and Forgings
* Titanium
* Copper Sheet and Strip
* Steel Powder
===Machinery===
* Standard Compressors
* Rotating Machinery
* Tire and Rubber Machinery
* Plastic Processing Machinery
* Advanced Technology Equipment
* Rolling Mill・Press Machine
* Ultra High Pressure Equipment
* Energy & Chemical Field
===Engineering===
* Iron Unit Field
* Advanced Urban Transit System
===Electric Power===
* Wholesale Power Supply

==Scandal==
In October 2017, Kobe Steel admitted to falsifying data on the strength and durability of its aluminium, copper and steel products.<ref name="veconomist" /><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/10/business/kobe-steel-japan.html|access-date=10 October 2017|title=Kobe Steel's Falsified Data Is Another Blow to Japan's Reputation |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=10 October 2017 |last1=Soble |first1=Jonathan |last2=Boudette |first2=Neal E. }}</ref> The scandal deepened when the company said it found falsified data on its iron ore powder, which caused its shares to fall 18%. By 11 October, shares had fallen by a third.<ref name="veconomist" /> After testing the parts of their [[Shinkansen|bullet trains]], the [[Central Japan Railway Company]] announced that 310 components were discovered to contain sub-standard parts supplied by Kobe Steel.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-10-12/bullet-train-wheel-parts-made-by-kobe-steel-failed-quality-tests|access-date=11 October 2017|title=Bullet Train Parts Failed Quality Tests: Steel Scandal Deepens |work=Bloomberg |publisher=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/oct/11/japan-kobe-steel-scandal-ford-toyota-honda-mazda-boeing|access-date=11 October 2017|title=Kobe Steel scandal deepens over quality of products used in cars and aircraft |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>

Following further news in October 2017 that car makers [[Toyota]], [[Nissan]], and [[General Motors]], and train manufacturer [[Hitachi]], were among 200 companies affected by the Kobe Steel's mislabelling, which had potential safety implications for their vehicles, the CEO of Kobe Steel conceded that his company now had "zero credibility".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/oct/12/kobe-steel-scandal-car-general-motors-auto-train-aircraft|title=Kobe Steel chief admits scandal has hit trust as car checks spread|first=Justin|last=McCurry|date=12 October 2017|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=12 October 2017}}</ref> Other affected companies include [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]], [[Boeing]] and [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries]].<ref name="veconomist" /> CEO Kawasaki promised to lead an internal investigation.<ref name="veconomist" /> On 13 October 2017, Kobe Steel admitted that the number of companies misled was over 500.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/kobe-steel-admits-500-companies-misled-in-scandal-1507901631|title=Kobe Steel Admits 500 Companies Misled in Scandal|last1=McLain|first1=Sean|date=2017-10-13|work=Wall Street Journal|access-date=2017-10-13|last2=Tsuneoka|first2=Chieko|language=en-US|issn=0099-9660}}</ref>

Despite the costs of dealing with the scandal, Kobe Steel issued a revised profit forecast in February 2018 announcing that it expects to generate a net profit of ¥45 billion ($421 million) for the full 2017 fiscal year, marking its first net profit in three years.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-japan-steel/japan-steelmakers-profits-surge-kobe-steel-reinstates-forecast-idUSKBN1FL4GE|title=Japan steelmakers' profits surge; Kobe Steel reinstates forecast|last=Obayashi|first=Yuka|date=2018-02-01|work=Reuters|access-date=2018-02-26|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/02/02/business/corporate-business/kobe-steel-expects-net-profit-fiscal-2017-despite-data-fabrication-scandal|title=Kobe Steel expects net profit for fiscal 2017 despite data fabrication scandal|date=2018-02-02|work=The Japan Times|access-date=2018-02-26|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="180px">
神戸製鋼所寄贈戦艦「陸奥」スクリュー.png|Screw of IJN Battleship Mutsu, donated by Kobe Steel (Yamato Museum)
Yukikaze ikari 01.jpg|Main anchor of IJN destroyer Yukikaze with the engraving 'KOBE STEEL WORKS LTD' (JMSDF the First Service School)
Kobeseiko Te-Gō.jpg|IJA Kobeseiko Te-Gō
</gallery>

==See also==
{{Portal|Japan|Engineering|Companies}}
* [[Kobeseiko Te-Gō]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website}}
* [https://www.kobelco.co.jp/english/about_kobelco/group/index.html Kobe Steel Group of Companies]
* [https://www.kobelco.co.jp/english/about_kobelco/outline/history/index.html History of Kobe Steel Group]
* [https://www.kobelco-europe.com/ Kobelco Construction Machinery Europe]

{{Nikkei 225}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Steel companies of Japan]]
[[Category:Crane manufacturers]]
[[Category:Construction equipment manufacturers of Japan]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Nagoya Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Osaka Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies in the Nikkei 225]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in Kobe]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1905]]
[[Category:Japanese companies established in 1905]]
[[Category:Defense companies of Japan]]
[[Category:Japanese brands]]
[[Category:Midori-kai]]
[[Category:Industrial machine manufacturers]]

Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka

2026-03-24T16:58:01Z

Tyrone73H144: rework information and cleaned formatting

{{short description|Indian Hindi-language television drama series (2018)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka webm.png
| native_name = 
| genre = [[Drama]] [[Romance film|Romance]]
| creator =
| based_on =
| developer =
| writer = [[Gajra Kottary]]
| screenplay =
| story =
| director = Ravi Bhushan
| creative_director =
| presenter = 
| starring = [[#Cast|See below]]
| judges = 
| voices = 
| narrator =
| theme_music_composer =
| open_theme =
| end_theme =
| composer =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 2
| num_episodes = 295
| list_episodes =
| executive_producer =
| producer = Sunjoy Waddhwa<ref name="colors1">{{cite web|url=http://www.colorstv.com/mena/news/exploring-the-complexities-of-modern-love-stories-colors-launches-silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-7127.html|title=Exploring The Complexities of Modern Love Stories|publisher=ColorsTV.com}}</ref>
| news_editor = 
| location = 
| cinematography =
| editor = 
| camera = 
| runtime = Approximately 20 minutes
| company = [[Sphere Origins]]
| budget =
| network = {{ubl|[[Colors TV]] (4 June 2018 – 23 November 2018)|[[Voot]] (26 November 2018 – 19 July 2019)}}
| first_aired = {{start date|df=yes|2018|6|4}}
| last_aired = {{end date|df=yes|2019|7|19}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/soaps/story/silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-actor-kunal-jaisingh-is-upset-as-show-nears-end-1570859-2019-07-18|title=Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka actor Kunal Jaisingh is upset as show nears end|website=India Today|date=18 July 2019 }}</ref>
}}

'''''Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka''''' ({{Translation|''Sequence of Changing Relationships''}})<ref name='colors1'/> is an Indian romantic drama series which premiered on 4 June 2018 on [[Colors TV]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.colorstv.com/in/shows/silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-3841.html|title=Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka : Starts 4th June, Monday to Friday at 10:00 PM only on Colors|publisher=ColorsTV.com|access-date=15 June 2018|archive-date=8 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608063745/http://www.colorstv.com/in/shows/silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-3841.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> It was produced by Sunjoy Waddhwa for [[Sphere Origins]].<ref name='it1'>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/top-stories/story/madhubala-actress-drashti-dhami-to-be-back-on-tv-with-this-show-1214627-2018-04-18|title=Madhubala actress Drashti Dhami to be back on TV with this show?|date=5 February 2018 |publisher=[[India Today]] }}</ref><ref name='tiedd1'/> The show focused on how situations change relationships and the consequences of extramarital affairs.<ref name="toi11">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/silsila-explores-the-complexities-of-modern-love-stories/articleshow/64435829.cms? |title='Silsila' explores the complexities of modern love stories|work=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref><ref name="p3toi">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/new-promo-of-drashti-dhamis-silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-deals-with-domestic-violence/articleshow/64403230.cms|title=New Promo of Drashti Dhami's Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka deals with domestic violence|work=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref> In 2018, the story revolved around Kunal's life with Nandini and Mauli played by [[Shakti Arora]], [[Drashti Dhami]] and [[Aditi Sharma (actress, born 1983)|Aditi Sharma]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/new-promo-of-drashti-dhamis-silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-deals-with-domestic-violence/articleshow/64403230.cms|title=Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka promo: Drashti Dhami and Shakti Arora return with a complex love story|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> In 2018, the show moved to digital platform [[Voot]] and in 2019, took a generation leap, focusing on Kunal's two daughters Mishti and Pari as well as Ruhaan played by [[Tejasswi Prakash]], [[Aneri Vajani]] and [[Kunal Jaisingh]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/web-series/story/watch-silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-2-s-promo-introduces-the-promising-star-cast-1467974-2019-03-01|title=Watch: Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka 2's promo introduces promising star cast|website=India Today|date=March 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

The first season was about Kunal's life with Mauli and Nandini where Kunal and Nandini fall for each other while Mauli moves on in life with Ishaan played by [[Kinshuk Mahajan]] after divorcing Kunal. Second season was about both Kunal's daughters from his
both wives Pari and Mishti <ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/shakti-arora-silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-5203623/lite/|title=Shakti Arora: Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka will focus on new-age relationships|date=4 June 2018 |publisher=[[Indian Express]]}}</ref> It also focused on showing [[domestic violence against women]] by showcasing Nandini's husband, Rajdeep.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/soaps/story/silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-to-saubhagyavati-bhava-5-daily-soaps-that-showed-domestic-violence-1258238-2018-06-12|title=Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka to Saubhagyavati Bhava: 5 daily soaps that showed domestic violence|date=12 June 2018 |publisher=[[India Today]]}}</ref><ref name="itp3review">{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/soaps/story/silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-trailer-review-drashti-dhami-is-the-victim-of-domestic-violence-in-her-new-show-1248113-2018-06-01|title=Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka trailer review: Drashti Dhami is the victim of domestic violence in her new show|date=June 2018 |publisher=[[India Today]] }}</ref> The first season was first telecasted on Colors TV but later shifted to Voot. while the second season which focused on modern age youth, love and relationships was fully on digital streaming platform Voot.

==Series overview==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! style="padding: 0 8px" colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Season
! style="padding: 0 8px" rowspan="2" | No. of episodes
! colspan="2" | Originally broadcast
|-
! style="padding: 0 8px" | Series premiere
! style="padding: 0 8px" | Series finale
|-
|style="background:#FF0000"|
|align="center"| 1
|align="center"| 196
|align="center"| {{start date|df=yes|2018|6|4}}
|align="center"| {{end date|df=yes|2019|3|4}}
|-
|style="background:#00FF00"|
|align="center"| 2
|align="center"| 99
|align="center"| {{start date|df=yes|2019|3|5}}
|align="center"| {{end date|df=yes|2019|7|19}}
|-
|}

==Plot==
Mauli Srivastav and Nandini Verma are best friends who grew up together. Nandini chooses Rajdeep Thakur over Mauli's friendship despite her of warning Nandini of his bad character which leads to a fallout between the two and they part ways.

Mauli, who is now a [[Gynaecology|gynaecologist]] is married to Dr. Kunal Malhotra who is a [[Pediatrics|pediatrician]]. Married to Rajdeep, Nandini is a victim of [[domestic violence]]. An ambitious businessman and a dominating husband, Rajdeep often abuses Nandini, both physically and mentally.

Kunal sees Nandini at a medical conference and saves her from a major accident. He discovers she is the friend Mauli reminisces about. He discusses it with Mauli. She meets Nandini after seven years. Nandini informs Mauli of her pregnancy. Rajdeep beats Nandini upon hearing about her pregnancy and leaves her on a road. Kunal finds her and takes her to the hospital. Nandini miscarries.

With the support of Mauli & Kunal, she gets Rajdeep arrested on domestic abuse charges and begins to live in Mauli & Kunal's home. He starts falling for her. He reminds himself about Mauli but is unable to stop thinking about Nandini. Slowly, she begins to feel the same for Kunal and decides to leave town due to her inability to control her romantic feelings for him.

When Kunal learns this, he stops her and confesses his own feelings. Nandini and Kunal start to love each other secretly. Mauli is heartbroken upon knowing this and wants to move out his house. Kunal's mother stops her from leaving and forces Kunal to leave instead as he's the one who's wrong. Kunal accepts his mistake and gets out of house. Mauli files for a divorce. After Kunal and Mauli part ways, Kunal and Nandini plan to get married. Mauli finds out that she is pregnant. Kunal discovers this, but accuses her of false pregnancy after a misunderstanding. He marries Nandini and they move out while Mauli decides to go on by herself.

After a few years, Mauli lives with her daughter, Mishti and best friend Ishaan Khanna. Kunal returns from London with his and Nandini's daughter Pari. He is unaware that Mishti is his daughter. Mishti and Pari become best friends, unaware they are half-sisters. Kunal and Mauli come face to face. She learns that Nandini died due to cancer. She is deeply heartbroken and begins to take care of Pari as her own.

Kunal discovers that Mishti is his daughter. However, Mishti also learns that Kunal is her father and becomes bitter towards him and Pari for having caused her mother's heartbreak. Mauli finally forgives Nandini and promises to love Pari like her own daughter. Ishaan proposes to Mauli. Kunal loses his memory in an accident, only remembering Mauli. She stays with him. Kunal after having visions of past finally regains his memory and meets Pari and Mishti. Later Mauli realizes her love for Ishaan and chooses him over Kunal. They both get married and they soon have a son named Ansh. Mishti forgives Kunal but chooses Ishaan as her father, and he adopts her.

Mishti, Pari and Ansh grow up. Mauli, Kunal and Ishaan are dead. Mishti is a perfectionist who believes in love and commitment, about to get engaged to her boyfriend, Veer. Pari is commitment phobic and easy going; her childhood friend Arnav loves her but she doesn't love him. Mishti and Pari run an event-management company.

Pari gets fascinated by Veer's friend, Ruhaan; who is attracted to Mishti. He develops a conflicting relation with Mishti and an easy going bond of friendship with Pari.

Mishti and Veer get engaged. Ruhaan tries to ignore his feelings for her. Mishti is nervous sensing how she feels around Ruhaan and tries to push away her love.

Pari starts falling for Ruhaan. Arnav is heartbroken. Eventually, Mishti accepts her feelings for Ruhaan. They confess their love to each other; she breaks up with Veer, who informs Pari about Mishti and Ruhaan's relationship hoping to cause problems between them. Upon knowing Pari's feelings for Ruhaan, Mishti decides to sacrifice her love.

She denies having feelings for Ruhaan by faking to get back with Veer. Pari proposes Ruhaan but is heartbroken when he rejects her. Ruhaan questions Mishti's sacrifice. She is adamant. Later after many discussion mishti-veer and pari-ruhaan's marriage is fixed .on the wedding day, Mishti faints and is diagnosed with a lupus. Pari discovers Mishti and Ruhaan's love for each other, and donates her kidney to save Mishti.

Mishti and Ruhaan get married and move into a new house in same apartment. Pari finally accepts Arnav’s love, hinting that she might develop feelings for him too. Mishti, Pari, Ruhaan, Ansh and Arnav celebrate together with Kunal's mother, Radhika.

==Cast==
===Main===
* [[Aditi Sharma (actress, born 1983)|Aditi Sharma]] as Mauli Khanna (formerly Malhotra) ([[Birth name|née]] Srivastav) (main season 1; guest season 2) (2018-2019) (Dead)
* [[Shakti Arora]] as Kunal Malhotra (main season 1) (2018-2019) (Dead)
* [[Drashti Dhami]] as Nandini Malhotra (formerly Thakur) ([[Birth name|née]] Verma) (main season 1) (2018) (Dead)
* [[Kinshuk Mahajan]] as Ishaan Khanna (main season 1) (2018-2019) (Dead)
* [[Abhinav Shukla]] as Rajdeep Thakur (main season 1) (2018)
* [[Tejasswi Prakash]] as Mishti Malhotra Khanna (main season 2) (2019)
** Maisha Dixit as Child Mishti Malhotra Khanna (main season 1) (2018-2019)
* [[Aneri Vajani]] as Pari Malhotra (main season 2) (2019)
** Arravya Sharma as Child Pari Malhotra (main season 1) (2018-2019)
* [[Kunal Jaisingh]] as Ruhaan (main season 2) (2019)
* [[Rohan Gandotra]] as Veer Verma (main season 2) (2019)

===Recurring===
* [[Jaya Bhattacharya]] as Radhika Malhotra (recurring season 1-2) (2018-2019)
* [[Neena Cheema]] as Yamini Malhotra (recurring season 1) (2018-2019) (Dead)
* [[Prachi Kowli]] as Sweety Khanna (recurring season 1-2) (2018-2019)
* Roma Bali as Jyoti Srivastav (recurring season 1) (2018)
* Raj Singh Suryavanshi as Mayank Srivastav (recurring season 1) (2018)
* [[Prateeksha Lonkar]] as Sandhya Khanna (recurring season 1) (2018-2019)
* Siddharth Tamboli as Ansh Khanna (recurring season 2) (2019)
** Evan Dixit as Baby Ansh Khanna (recurring season 1) (2019)
* [[Dolly Minhas]] as Sukhmani (recurring season 2) (2019)
* [[Akshit Sukhija]] as Arnav (recurring season 2) (2019)
* Ahmad Harhash as Veer Khanna (recurring season 2) (2019)
* Mishmee Das as Taani (recurring season 2) (2019)
* [[Abigail Jain]] as Mehak (recurring season 1) (2018)
* Farooq Saeed as Sushant Verma (recurring season 2) (2019)
* Bindiya Kalra as Naina Verma (recurring season 2) (2019)
* Arjun Aneja as Manas Ahuja (recurring season 1) (2018)

===Guests===
* [[Harshad Chopda]] as Aditya Hooda from ''[[Bepannah]]''
* [[Jennifer Winget]] as Zoya Hooda from ''[[Bepannah]]''
* [[Vijayendra Kumeria]] as Suraj Rajvanshi from ''[[Ishq Mein Marjawan]]''
* [[Meera Deosthale]] as Chakor Rajvanshi from ''[[Udaan (2014 TV series)|Udaan]]''
* [[Ritvik Arora]] as Ahaan Dhanrajgir from ''[[Tu Aashiqui]]''
* [[Jannat Zubair Rahmani]] as Pankti Dhanrajgir from ''[[Tu Aashiqui]]''
* [[Shivin Narang]] as Jai Mittal from ''[[Internet Wala Love]]''
* [[Tunisha Sharma]] as Aadhya Verma from ''[[Internet Wala Love]]''
* [[Arjun Bijlani]] as Deep Raj Singh from ''[[Ishq Mein Marjawan]]''
* [[Aalisha Panwar]] as Tara Raj Singh from ''[[Ishq Mein Marjawan]]''
* [[Nia Sharma]] as Aarohi Raj Singh from ''[[Ishq Mein Marjawan]]''
*[[Vineet Raina]] as Virat Raichand from ''[[Ishq Mein Marjawan]]''
* [[Varun Dhawan]], [[Alia Bhatt]] and [[Aditya Roy Kapur]] to promote their film [[Kalank]]
* [[Salman Khan]] to promote their upcoming film [[Bharat (film)|Bharat]]
* [[Shahid Kapoor]] and [[Kiara Advani]] to promote their upcoming film [[Kabir Singh]]

== Production ==
=== Casting ===
Initially, [[Devoleena Bhattacharjee]] was selected to play Nandini but the role went to [[Drashti Dhami]]. Similarly, [[Sukirti Kandpal]] was selected to play Dr Mauli but [[Aditi Sharma (actress, born 1983)|Aditi Sharma]] got the role. Likewise, although [[Aham Sharma]] was selected to play Rajdeep, [[Abhinav Shukla]] was later chosen.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/soaps/story/meri-aashiqui-tumse-hi-star-shakti-arora-to-romance-two-popular-tv-actresses-in-his-next-1224127-2018-05-01|title=Meri Aashiqui Tumse Hi star Shakti Arora to romance two popular TV actresses in his next?|date=May 2018 |publisher=[[India Today]] }}</ref><ref name="toi1">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/abhinav-shukla-roped-in-for-drashti-dhami-shakti-aroras-show-silsila-badalte-rishton-ka/articleshow/64191024.cms|title=Abhinav Shukla roped in for Drashti Dhami-Shakti Arora's show Silsila-Badalte Rishton Ka?|work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

===Writing and development===
The serial was named '' 'Bawre Nain' '' but the makers changed the title to ''<nowiki/>'Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka'''.<ref name='it1'/>

Dhami stated that the serial is not about extra marital affairs but it focus on the friendship between two friends and two couples and how circumstances takes place in their lives.<ref name='p3toi'/><ref name='toi59'>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-promo-drashti-dhami-and-shakti-arora-return-with-a-complex-love-story/articleshow/64283815.cms|title =Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka promo: Drashti Dhami and Shakti Arora return with a complex love story|work=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref><ref name='toi1'/><ref name='tiedd1'>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/drashti-dhami-silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-5198494/|title=Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka actor Drashti Dhami: I am happy ruling television than moving to Bollywood|date=31 May 2018 |publisher=[[The Indian Express]] }}</ref>

Before the launch of the series, Manisha Sharma, programming head of Colors, stated that: {{blockquote|With this show, we are exploring an evolved and modern love story. The twist and turns every relationship goes through often complicates situations making the person break boundaries. This complicated yet interesting space will keep everyone intrigued and engaged, with viewers contemplating the difference between what feels right and what seems wrong.<ref name='colors1'/><ref name="iw1">{{cite web|url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/television/aapka-colors-silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-explores-complexities-of-modern/article_ed437462-64f9-11e8-931e-c3e5a942b3db.html|title=Aapka Colors' 'Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka' Explores Complexities of Modern Love|publisher=India West}}</ref>}}

==Reception==
===Critical reception===
{{cleanup|section|date=July 2018|reason=Please find conflicting opinions and present [[WP:NPOV|a balanced perspective of the critical response.]]}}
Shweta Ksheri of ''[[India Today]]'' wrote, "Drashti Dhami nails it as the tormented wife; a good comeback for the actress."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reviews/story/silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-review-drashti-dhami-nails-it-as-the-tormented-wife-a-good-comeback-for-the-actress-1251111-2018-06-05|title=Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka review: Drashti Dhami nails it as the tormented wife; a good comeback for the actress|website=India Today|date=June 2018 |language=en|access-date=2018-07-19}}</ref> Soumyata Chauhan of ''[[DNA India]]'' wrote: "Shakti-Aditi's sizzling romance perfectly off-sets Drashti Dhami's abusive marriage."<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/television/report-silsila-badallte-rishton-ka-review-shakti-aditi-s-sizzling-romance-perfectly-off-sets-drashti-dhami-s-abusive-marriage-2622342|title=Silsila Badallte Rishton Ka Review: Shakti-Aditi's sizzling romance perfectly off-sets Drashti Dhami's abusive marriage|date=2018-06-05|work=dna|access-date=2018-07-19|language=en-US}}</ref> Shruti Shiksha of ''[[NDTV]]'' wrote: "The show is a good take on new-age friendship, love and marriage".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/what-shakti-arora-and-drashti-dhamis-silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-is-all-about-1862712|title=What Shakti Arora And Drashti Dhami's Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka Is All About|work=NDTV.com|access-date=2018-07-19}}</ref> ''[[The Times of India]]'' stated, "''Silsila Badalte Rishton'' Ka has managed to grab the attention of the viewers for its unique storyline and bold content".<ref name="toisep2018">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/drashti-dhami-and-shakti-arora-get-trolled-for-their-extra-marital-affair-in-silsila/articleshow/65793588.cms|title=Drashti Dhami and Shakti Arora get trolled for their extra-marital affair in Silsila|work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

==Controversy==
{{cleanup|section|reason=Per [[WP:CSECTION]], controversy sections are strongly discouraged because they place undue emphasis on negative events, which tends to make it difficult to maintain a [[WP:NPOV|neutral point of view]]. If the content in this section is noteworthy, it should be incorporated into more intuitive areas of this article.|date=March 2019}}
In the beginning, the makers and Drashti Dhami told that the series was not about [[Infidelity|extra marital affairs]] but how circumstances takes place in couples lives<ref name='tiedd1'/> and channel programming head of Colors stated that the serial is about exploring an evolved and modern love story.<ref name='colors1'/><ref name='iw1'/>

In September 2018, some audiences were not happy about the storyline and blamed the makers and main cast for showing extra marital affairs content on national television.<ref name="toisep2018"/>

They started to [[Internet troll|troll]] on the main cast of the series on social networking sites.<ref name="toisep2018"/><ref name="toias1">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/silsila-badalte-rishton-ka-drashti-dhami-receives-backlash-for-her-role-as-home-breaker-co-star-aditi-comes-out-in-support/articleshow/65858619.cms|title=Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka: Drashti Dhami receives backlash for her role as home breaker; co-star Aditi comes out in support|date=18 September 2018|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=7 July 2019}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.colorstv.com/mena/shows/silsila-badallte-rishton-ka-3841.html Official website]
* {{IMDb title|tt8531380}}

{{Colors Programmes}}

[[Category:Indian television soap operas]]
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows about violence against women]]
[[Category:Colors TV original programming]]
[[Category:2018 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Indian drama television series]]
[[Category:2019 Indian television series endings]]
[[Category:Domestic violence in television]]

Dipyaman Ganguly

2026-03-20T22:09:07Z

Tyrone73H144: enhanced formatting per standard format and updated info

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Dipyaman Ganguly
| image = DGanguly.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date = 25 October
| birth_place = [[Baharampur]], [[West Bengal]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| fields = {{ublist| [[Immunology]] | [[Cell biology]] }}
| workplaces = {{ublist | [[Ashoka University]] }}
| alma_mater = {{ublist|Rahara Ramakrishna Mission Boys’ Home High School|[[Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata]] |[[Indian Institute of Chemical Biology]] | [[University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center]] | [[Columbia University Medical Center]] }}
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_students =
| known_for = Studies on [[Immunology|Human Immunology]]
| awards = {{ublist| 2013 [[Ramanujan Fellowship]] |2017 [[Swarnajayanti Fellowship]] | 2017 [[National Academy of Sciences, India|NASI]]-Scopus Young Scientist Award | 2017/18 [[National Bioscience Award for Career Development|N-BIOS Prize]] | 2019 [[CDRI Award for Excellence in Drug Research]]| 2019 [[Merck Young Scientist Award]]| 2022  [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize]]}}
}}
'''Dipyaman Ganguly''' is an Indian physician-scientist [[immunologist]] and [[cell biologist]], currently a professor in the Department of Biology, [[Ashoka University]].<ref name="Profile on SERB">{{Cite web |url=http://www.serb.gov.in/pdfs/ramanujan2014/Dipyaman-Ganguly.pdf |title=Profile on SERB |date=2018-12-27 |website=Scientific and Engineering Research Board |access-date=2018-12-27}}</ref> The [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research]], the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology]], one of the highest Indian science awards for his contributions to Medical Sciences in 2022.

Ganguly graduated in medicine from [[Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata]] in 2001 but shifted his focus to biomedical research and joined the [[Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology]] as a clinical associate.<ref name="Profile on SERB" /> In 2003, he joined [[Indian Institute of Chemical Biology]] for doctoral research as a research scholar which earned him his first PhD in 2006. Moving to the US, he carried on his research at [[University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center]] and received another PhD from the [[University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston]].<ref name="IICB profile">{{Cite web |url=http://iicb.res.in/dipyaman-ganguly/ |title=IICB profile |date=2018-12-27 |website=Indian Institute of Chemical Biology |language=en-US |access-date=2018-12-27}}</ref> His post-doctoral work was at the [[Columbia University Medical Center]] as an SLE Foundation Fellow<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-04/lri-slf040511.php|title=S.L.E. Lupus Foundation announces new grants to further NYC scientists' leadership in lupus research.|website=EurekAlert!|language=en|access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref> He was also a Swarnajayanti Fellow of the [[Department of Science and Technology (India)|Department of Science and Technology]], and was formerly a Ramanujan Fellow of the [[Science and Engineering Research Board]] of the [[Department of Science and Technology (India)|Department of Science and Technology]].

== Scientific contribution ==
Research interests of Ganguly lab are exploring the role of dendritic cells in autoreactive inflammatory contexts, deciphering molecular regulation of innate immune response and exploring the role of mechanical cues in immune cells. Researchers from Ganguly Lab recently discovered a novel regulatory module involving the Piezo1 mechanosensors in human T cells, driven by mechanical cues.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Liu|first1=Chinky Shiu Chen|last2=Raychaudhuri|first2=Deblina|last3=Paul|first3=Barnali|last4=Chakrabarty|first4=Yogaditya|last5=Ghosh|first5=Amrit Raj|last6=Rahaman|first6=Oindrila|last7=Talukdar|first7=Arindam|last8=Ganguly|first8=Dipyaman|date=2018-02-15|title=Cutting Edge: Piezo1 Mechanosensors Optimize Human T Cell Activation|journal=The Journal of Immunology|language=en|volume=200|issue=4|pages=1255–1260|doi=10.4049/jimmunol.1701118|pmid=29330322|issn=0022-1767|doi-access=free}}</ref> They also provided the first evidence for involvement of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in obesity and associated metabolic syndrome in humans.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/health/why-the-obese-are-prone-to-diabetes-a-protein-gives-a-clue/|title=Why the obese are prone to diabetes: a protein gives a clue|date=2016-09-26|website=The Indian Express|language=en-IN|access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/obesity-link-to-diabetes-decoded/cid/1517526|title=Obesity link to diabetes decoded|website=www.telegraphindia.com|language=en|access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref> Previous work by Dipyaman Ganguly led to discovery of the key initiation events in pathogenesis of the skin autoimmunity in Psoriasis,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ganguly|first1=Dipyaman|last2=Chamilos|first2=Georgios|last3=Lande|first3=Roberto|last4=Gregorio|first4=Josh|last5=Meller|first5=Stephan|last6=Facchinetti|first6=Valeria|last7=Homey|first7=Bernhard|last8=Barrat|first8=Franck J.|last9=Zal|first9=Tomasz|date=2009-08-31|title=Self-RNA–antimicrobial peptide complexes activate human dendritic cells through TLR7 and TLR8|journal=The Journal of Experimental Medicine|language=en|volume=206|issue=9|pages=1983–1994|doi=10.1084/jem.20090480|pmid=19703986|issn=0022-1007|pmc=2737167}}</ref> as well as first identification of dying neutrophils as the major source of nuclear antigens in systemic lupus,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bosch|first=Xavier|date=2011-08-25|title=Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the Neutrophil|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|language=en|volume=365|issue=8|pages=758–760|doi=10.1056/NEJMcibr1107085|pmid=21864171|issn=0028-4793}}</ref> which was featured in Nature Reviews Key Advances in Medicine for the year 2012. Ganguly lab has also interest in development of new therapies for autoimmune diseases.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://biotechtimes.org/2018/06/03/iicb-scientists-aiming-first-class-drugs-autoimmune-diseases/|title=IICB Scientists Aiming at First-in-Class Drugs for Autoimmune Diseases|date=2018-06-03|website=BioTech Times|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref> Ganguly lab also took interest in performing research on immunology of COVID-19 disease and ran a randomized control trial on convalescent plasma therapy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ray |first1=Yogiraj |last2=Paul |first2=Shekhar Ranjan |last3=Bandopadhyay |first3=Purbita |last4=d'Rozario |first4=Ranit |last5=Sarif |first5=Jafar |last6=Lahiri |first6=Abhishake |last7=Bhowmik |first7=Debaleena |last8=Vasudevan |first8=Janani Srinivasa |last9=Maurya |first9=Ranjeet |last10=Kanakan |first10=Akshay |last11=Sharma |first11=Sachin |last12=Kumar |first12=Manish |last13=Singh |first13=Praveen |last14=Roy |first14=Rammohan |last15=Chaudhury |first15=Kausik |last16=Maiti |first16=Rajsekhar |last17=Bagchi |first17=Saugata |last18=Maiti |first18=Ayan |last19=Perwez |first19=Md. Masoom |last20=Mondal |first20=Abhinandan |last21=Tewari |first21=Avinash |last22=Mandal |first22=Samik |last23=Roy |first23=Arpan |last24=Saha |first24=Moumita |last25=Biswas |first25=Durba |last26=Maiti |first26=Chikam |last27=Chakraborty |first27=Sayantan |last28=Sarkar |first28=Biswanath Sharma |last29=Haldar |first29=Anima |last30=Saha |first30=Bibhuti |display-authors=1 |title=A phase 2 single center open label randomised control trial for convalescent plasma therapy in patients with severe COVID-19 |journal=Nature Communications |date=2022 |volume=13 |issue=1 |article-number=383 |doi=10.1038/s41467-022-28064-7 |pmid=35046397 |pmc=8770561 |bibcode=2022NatCo..13..383R |medrxiv=10.1101/2020.11.25.20237883v1}}</ref>

== Awards ==
The [[Department of Biotechnology]] of the Government of India awarded him the [[National Bioscience Award for Career Development]], one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences, in 2017/18.<ref name="Awardees of National Bioscience Awards for Career Development">{{Cite web |url=http://dbtindia.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/list_of_bioscience_awardees.pdf |title=Awardees of National Bioscience Awards for Career Development |date=2016 |publisher=Department of Biotechnology |access-date=2017-11-20 |archive-date=4 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304191331/http://dbtindia.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/list_of_bioscience_awardees.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> He is also a recipient of the Merck Young Scientist Award, the CDRI Award for Excellence in Drug Research from CSIR-[[Central Drug Research Institute]], Swarnajayanthi Fellowship of the [[Department of Science and Technology (India)|Department of Science and Technology]] and the [[National Academy of Sciences, India|NASI]]-Scopus Young Scientist Award of the [[Elsevier]].<ref name="Scopus Award 2017">{{Cite web |url=http://southasia.elsevier.com/ElsevierDNN/ScopusAward2017/tabid/3051/Default.aspx |title=Scopus Award 2017 |date=2018-12-27 |website=southasia.elsevier.com |access-date=2018-12-27}}</ref> He was awarded the [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize]] for Science and Technology in Medical Sciences in the year 2022.

== Public outreach ==
Ganguly is an enthusiast for public outreach of science in India,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dialogue.ias.ac.in/|title=DIALOGUE - Science, Scientists, and Society|website=Dialogue|access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiabioscience.org/columns/conversations/are-we-reaching-the-public-with-our-public-outreach-programs|title=Are we reaching the 'public' with our public outreach programs?|date=2018-07-13|website=IndiaBioscience|access-date=2019-07-10}}</ref> an avid stargazer and a public commentator and popular columnist on issues on science and health.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/calcutta/coronavirus-the-fight-the-soldiers/cid/1765874|title=Coronavirus: the fight & the soldiers}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/opinion/coronavirus-pandemic-preparing-for-long-lasting-covid/cid/1797372|title=Preparing for long-lasting Covid}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/opinion/one-pandemic-unmasking-another/cid/1800550|title=One pandemic unmasking another}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/opinion/will-the-vaccines-protect-us-from-new-strains-of-the-novel-coronavirus/cid/1804558|title=Will the vaccines protect us from new strains of the novel coronavirus?}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/more-strain-on-covid-management/article33560841.ece|title=More 'strain' on Covid management|date=12 January 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/slow-mutation-of-the-covid-pandemic/article33794829.ece|title=Slow mutation of the Covid pandemic|date=9 February 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2021/apr/21/interview--pandemic-will-end-up-as-an-endemicsays-immunologist-dr-dipyaman-ganguly-2292921.html|title=Pandemic will end up as an endemic|date=21 April 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2020/jul/25/interview--herd-immunity-may-come-before-covid-19-vaccine-says-dr-dipyaman-ganguly-2174783.html|title=Herd immunity may come before COVID-19 vaccine|date=26 July 2020 }}</ref>

== Selected bibliography ==
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{cite journal|vauthors=Sisirak V, Ganguly D, Lewis KL, Couillault C, Tanaka L, Bolland S, D'Agati V, Elkon KB, Reizis B|title=Genetic evidence for the role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in systemic lupus erythematosus|journal=The Journal of Experimental Medicine|volume=211|issue=10|pages=1969–76|date=September 2014|pmid=25180061|pmc=4172218|doi=10.1084/jem.20132522}}
* {{cite journal|vauthors=Lande R, Ganguly D, Facchinetti V, Frasca L, Conrad C, Gregorio J, Meller S, Chamilos G, Sebasigari R, Riccieri V, Bassett R, Amuro H, Fukuhara S, Ito T, Liu YJ, Gilliet M|title=Neutrophils activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells by releasing self-DNA-peptide complexes in systemic lupus erythematosus|journal=Science Translational Medicine|volume=3|issue=73|pages=73ra19|date=March 2011|pmid=21389263|pmc=3399524|doi=10.1126/scitranslmed.3001180}}
* {{cite journal|vauthors=Rahaman O, Bhattacharya R, Liu C, Raychaudhuri D, Ghosh AR, Bandopadhyay P, Pal S, Goswami RP, Sircar G, Ghosh P, Ganguly D|title=Cutting Edge: Dysregulated Endocannabinoid-Rheostat for Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Activation in a Systemic Lupus Endophenotype|journal=Journal of Immunology|volume=202|pages=1674–1679|date=March 2019|issue=6|pmid=30728209|doi=10.4049/jimmunol.1801521|doi-access=free}}
* {{cite journal|vauthors=Liu C, Raychaudhuri D, Paul B, Chakrabarty Y, Ghosh AR, Rahaman O, Talukdar A, Ganguly D|title=Cutting Edge: Piezo1 Mechanosensors Optimize Human T Cell Activation|journal=Journal of Immunology|volume=200|pages=1255–1260|date=Feb 2018|issue=4|pmid=29330322|doi=10.4049/jimmunol.1701118|doi-access=free}}
* {{cite journal|vauthors=Ganguly D|title=Do Type I Interferons Link Systemic Autoimmunities and Metabolic Syndrome in a Pathogenetic Continuum?
|journal=Trends in Immunology|volume=39|pages=28–43|date=Jan 2018|issue=1
|pmid=28826817|doi=10.1016/j.it.2017.07.001}}
* {{cite journal|vauthors=Ghosh AR, Bhattacharya R, Bhattacharya S, Nargis T, Rahaman O, Duttagupta P, Raychaudhuri D, Liu CS, Roy S, Ghosh P, Khanna S, Chaudhuri T, Tantia O, Haak S, Bandyopadhyay S, Mukhopadhyay S, Chakrabarti P, Ganguly D|title=Adipose Recruitment and Activation of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Fuel Metaflammation|journal=Diabetes|volume=65|pages=3440–3452|date=Nov 2016|issue=11|pmid=27561727 |doi=10.2337/db16-0331|doi-access=free}}
* {{cite journal|vauthors=Meller S, Di Domizio J, Voo KS, Friedrich HC, Chamilos G, Ganguly D, Conrad C, Gregorio J, Le Roy D, Roger T, Ladbury JE, Homey B, Watowich S, Modlin RL, Kontoyiannis DP, Liu YJ, Arold ST, Gilliet M|title=T(H)17 cells promote microbial killing and innate immune sensing of DNA via interleukin 26|journal=Nature Immunology|volume=16|pages=970–979|date=Sep 2015|issue=9|pmid=26168081 |doi=10.1038/ni.3211|pmc=4776746}}
* {{cite journal|vauthors=Ganguly D, Haak S, Sisirak V, Reizis B|title=The role of dendritic cells in autoimmunity|journal=Nature Reviews Immunology|volume=13|pages=566–577|date=Aug 2013|issue=8|pmid=23827956 |doi=10.1038/nri3477|pmc=4160805}}
* {{cite journal|vauthors=Ganguly D, Chamilos G, Lande R, Gregorio J, Meller S, Facchinetti V, Homey B, Barrat FJ, Zal T, Gilliet M|title=Self-RNA-antimicrobial peptide complexes activate human dendritic cells through TLR7 and TLR8|journal=The Journal of Experimental Medicine|volume=206|pages=1983–1994|date=Aug 2009|issue=9|pmid=19703986 |doi=10.1084/jem.20090480|pmc=2737167|doi-access=free}}
* {{cite journal|vauthors=Mukherjee A, Raychaudhuri D, Sinha BP, Kundu B, Mitra M, Paul B, Bandopadhyay P, Ganguly D, Talukdar A|title=A Chemical Switch for Transforming a Purine Agonist for Toll-like Receptor 7 to a Clinically Relevant Antagonist|journal=Journal of Medicinal Chemistry|volume=63|pages=4776–4789|date=May 2020|issue=9|pmid=32302115 |doi=10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00011|s2cid=215809717 }}
{{Refend}}

== See also ==
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[T helper 17 cell]]
* [[Dendritic cell]]
{{div col end}}
{{Portal|India|Biology|Biography}}

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=note|2}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.pubfacts.com/author/Dipyaman+Ganguly |title=Publications Authored by Dipyaman Ganguly |date=2018-12-27 |website=PubFacts |access-date=2018-12-27}}

{{N-BIOS Laureates 2010–2019}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ganguly, Dipyaman}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:N-BIOS Prize recipients]]
[[Category:Indian cell biologists]]
[[Category:Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata alumni]]
[[Category:Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology]]
[[Category:University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:Indian immunologists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Scientists from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Ashoka University]]

Bhushan Patwardhan

2026-03-20T14:06:39Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating New Entry!

{{Short description|Academic, Biomedical Scientist (born 1959)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Bhushan Patwardhan
| image = Bhushan Patwardhan.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Pune]], [[India]]
| occupation = Academic, Biomedical Scientist
| known_for = Traditional Medicine Research
| awards =
}}

'''Bhushan Patwardhan''' is an Indian researcher of traditional Indian medical systems, such as [[Ayurveda]]. The theory and practice of Ayurveda is [[pseudoscientific]].<ref name="kaufman">{{cite book |last=Beall |first=Jeffrey |title=Pseudoscience: The Conspiracy Against Science |publisher=MIT Press |year=2018 |isbn=978-0-262-03742-6 |editor-last1=Kaufman |editor-first1=Allison B. |page=293 |chapter=Scientific soundness and the problem of predatory journals |author-link=Jeffrey Beall |editor-last2=Kaufman |editor-first2=James C. |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dwFKDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA293}}</ref><ref name="oxpsych">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=626fDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA24 |chapter=Chapter 1: Thinking about psychiatry |vauthors=Semple D, Smyth R |title=Oxford Handbook of Psychiatry |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2019 |isbn=978-0-19-879555-1 |edition=4th |page=24 |doi=10.1093/med/9780198795551.003.0001}} {{subscription required}}</ref><ref name="Quack-2011">{{cite book |last=Quack |first=Johannes |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=55wFpydSZ8oC |title=Disenchanting India: Organized Rationalism and Criticism of Religion in India |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-19-981260-8 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=TNbxUwhS5RUC&pg=PA213 213], [https://books.google.com/books?id=TNbxUwhS5RUC&pg=PA3 3] |author-link=Johannes Quack}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title= Over 1000 Indians in Stanford's list of top 2% scientists in the world| url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/over-1000-indians-in-stanford-s-list-of-top-2-scientists-in-the-world-1738214-2020-11-05|access-date=2025-03-14 |website=India Today| date=5 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title= SASTRA National Science Day awards presented| url= https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/sastra-national-science-day-awards-presented/article67899768.ece |access-date=2025-03-14 |website=The Hindu| date= 29 February 2024 }}</ref> He currently serves as a National Research Professor at the [[Ministry of Ayush]], [[Government of India]], Distinguished Professor at the Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, [[Savitribai Phule Pune University]] and adjunct professor at National Institute of Complementary Medicine, [[Western Sydney University]], Australia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Research Professor-Ayush |url= https://ccras.nic.in/national-research-professor-ayush |access-date=2025-03-14 |website=CCRAS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhushan Patwardhan |url=https://www.westernsydney.edu.au/nicmhri/about_us/people/adjuncts/bhushan_patwardhan|access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Western Sydney}}</ref>

== Education and career ==

Patwardhan attended Nutan Marathi Vidyalaya High School, Pune. He obtained a bachelor's degree in science from [[Fergusson College]] and a master's degree in biochemistry from the Postgraduate School for Biological Studies, University of Pune. He then obtained his doctoral degree (PhD) from [[Haffkine Institute]] and the Department of Botany, [[Savitribai Phule Pune University]], previously known as the [[University of Pune]].

He is known to play an important role in India's push to globalize its [[Indian medicine (disambiguation)|traditional medicine]].<ref>{{Cite web |title= 'It was fascinating': What a market university taught one of Pune's brightest minds | url= https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/pune-mandai-vidyapeeth-market-university-bhushan-patwardhan-8696708 |access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Indian Express| date= 3 July 2023 }}</ref> As an Indian scientist, he was featured on the Stanford University's global list of 2% scientists curated by the Stanford University experts on the basis of standardized citation indicators like information on citations, h-index, co-authorship, and a composite indicator.<ref>{{Cite web |title= 55 from Pune ranked in Stanford varsity's list of world's top 2% scientists | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/stanford-university-ranking-55-experts-from-pune-among-worlds-top-2-scientists-8975497/|access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Indian Express| date=10 October 2023}}</ref>

He previously served as the chairman of the executive committee, [[National Assessment and Accreditation Council]] (NAAC), Bengaluru,<ref>{{Cite web |title= NAAC chief Bhushan Patwardhan resigns to 'safeguard sanctity of post' |url= https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/naac-chief-bhushan-patwardhan-resigns-to-safeguard-sanctity-of-post-123030600557_1.html|access-date=2025-03-14 |website=India Today|date= 6 March 2023|last1= India|first1= Press Trust of}}</ref> Chairman Additional Charge, [[Indian Council of Social Science Research]], ICSSR New Delhi,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://icssr.org/chairman |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715024633/http://www.icssr.org/chairman |archive-date=15 July 2018 |title=Chairman {{!}} Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR)}}</ref> and Vice Chairman, [[University Grants Commission (India)|University Grants Commission]] UGC, New Delhi,.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Dr Bhushan Patwardhan appointed chairperson of NAAC executive committee|url= https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/dr-bhushan-patwardhan-appointed-chairperson-naac-executive-committee-7792378/|access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Indian Express|date= 27 February 2022}}</ref> He served as the Director of Interdisciplinary School of Health Science and Center for Complementary & Integrative Health, Savitribai Phule Pune University.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UGC appoints scientist Bhushan Patwardhan as chairman of NAAC executive committee| url=https://government.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/governance/ugc-appoints-scientist-bhushan-patwardhan-as-chairman-of-naac-executive-committee/89887789|access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Economic Times}}</ref> He was also the Vice Chancellor at [[Symbiosis International University]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Natural Solution| url= https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/natural-solution/|access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Indian Express| date= 6 June 2012}}</ref> and Director at Institute of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine and [[Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions]], Bangalore. He Co-chaired the [[WHO]] Expert Group for the Global Center for Traditional Medicine and the First Global Summit on Traditional Medicine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UGC appoints scientist Bhushan Patwardhan appointed UGC chairman| url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/bhushan-patwardhan-appointed-ugc-vice-chairman/articleshow/65956668.cms|access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Economic Times| date= 26 September 2018}}</ref> He is part of the task forces and policy-making committees for various organizations like the [[National Knowledge Commission]], [[Planning Commission (India)|Planning Commission]], [[NITI Aayog]], and the World Health Organization Geneva.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Prof. Bhushan Patwardhan| url= https://chanakyauniversity.edu.in/iac/prof-bhushan-patwardhan/|access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Chanakya University| date= 26 March 2023}}</ref>

He is a fellow of the [[National Academy of Sciences, India|National Academy of Science, India]], and the [[National Academy of Medical Sciences]] (India).<ref>{{Cite web |title= Fellow National Science Academy India | url=https://nasi.org.in/fellows/patwardhan-bhushan-keshav |access-date=2025-03-14 |website=NASI}}</ref>

He is the founder and editor-in-chief of the [[Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine]], published by [[Elsevier Science Direct|Elsevier]].<ref>{{Cite web |title= Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine | url= https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-ayurveda-and-integrative-medicine/about/editorial-board |access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Science Direct}}</ref> He is also on Editorial Boards of Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine,<ref>{{Cite web |title= Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine | url=
https://home.liebertpub.com/publications/journal-of-integrative-and-complementary-medicine/26/editorial-board |access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Liebertpub}}</ref> [[Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine]] and various other reputed journals.
.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine | url=https://link.springer.com/journal/11655/editorial-board|access-date=2025-03-14 |website=Springer}}</ref>

Patwardhan was presented with the SASTRA-Mahamana Award in recognition of his contribution to the field of Ayurveda.<ref>{{Cite web |title= SASTRA National Science Day awards presented| url= https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/sastra-national-science-day-awards-presented/article67899768.ece |access-date=2025-03-14 |website=The Hindu| date= 29 February 2024 }}</ref>

One of his books, "Genome to Om" explores the desired transitions from modern science to metascience. Dr. Vidya Yeravdekar, Principal Director of [[Symbiosis Society]] and Pro Chancellor of [[Symbiosis International University]], describes as a profound and enlightening work that redefines the trajectory of human evolution and explores the intersection of science, spirituality, and liberal arts.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Monday Motivation: Exploring the Book – Genome to Om| url=https://drvidya.symbiosis.ac.in/2024/12/23/monday-motivation-exploring-the-book-genome-to-om/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=SwarajMag| date=23 December 2024 }}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}

== External links==

*{{google scholar id|egxm6oIAAAAJ}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Patwardhan, Bhushan}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Scientists from Pune]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Savitribai Phule Pune University]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Western Sydney University]]
[[Category:Fergusson College alumni]]
[[Category:Savitribai Phule Pune University alumni]]
[[Category:Fellows of the National Academy of Sciences, India]]
[[Category:Fellows of the National Academy of Medical Sciences]]
{{Improve categories|date=May 2025}}

Koodathayi cyanide killings

2026-03-16T23:21:42Z

Tyrone73H144: made a entry

{{Short description|Six murders in Kerala, India, over 14 years}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox civilian attack
| title = Koodathayi cyanide killings
| image =
| time =
| date = 2002{{endash}}2016
| location = [[Koodathayi]], [[Kozhikode district|Kozhikode]], [[Kerala]], India
| coordinates =
| also_known_as =
| type = [[Cyanide poisoning]]
| inquiries = K. G. Simon, [[Superintendent of police (India)|Rural SP]], [[Kerala Police]]
| outcome =
| victims = {{Plainlist|
*Annamma Thomas, 57
*Tom Thomas, 66
*Roy Thomas, 40
*Mathew Manjayadil, 68
*Alphine Shaju, 2
*Sily Shaju, 41
}}
| fatalities = 6
| accused = *Jolly Joseph (prime suspect)
*M. S. Mathew
*Praji Kumar
| charges = Murder
}}

[[File:Koodathai.jpg|thumb|right|400px| The Thomas family tree and relations
{{legend|#FF0000|Victims allegedly murdered by the prime accused, Jolly Joseph, through cyanide poisoning between 2002 and 2016}}
{{legend|#585858|Prime accused and the suspected accomplices}}
{{legend|#e0e0e0|Living family members}}
]]
'''The Koodathayi cyanide killings''' were a series of [[Manner of death|unnatural deaths]] that were later regarded as murders, that occurred in [[Koodathayi]] in [[Kerala]], India. The crimes were investigated in late 2019, involving the mystery of 6 deaths over a span of 14 years. The criminal cases drew considerable media and public interest to Kerala, and eventually led to the arrest of Jollyamma Joseph.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.manoramaonline.com/news/kerala/2019/10/08/koodathayi-morders-story-so-far.html|title=Koodathayi cyanide murders: The story so far|website=OnManorama|language=en|access-date=2019-10-16|archive-date=16 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016000701/https://english.manoramaonline.com/news/kerala/2019/10/08/koodathayi-morders-story-so-far.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/health/health-news/2019/10/14/koodathayi-murder-jolly-psychopathic.html|title=സീരിയൽ കില്ലറായ സ്ത്രീകളുടെ മനഃശാസ്ത്രം; ഡോക്ടർ പറയുന്നു|website=ManoramaOnline|language=ml|access-date=2019-10-16|trans-title=The psychology of women as serial killers; Says the doctor|archive-date=15 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015125621/https://www.manoramaonline.com/health/health-news/2019/10/14/koodathayi-murder-jolly-psychopathic.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/19/world/asia/india-koodathayai-murder.html|title=Police Say Cyanide Soup and 6 Deaths Point to a Serial Killer|first1=Shalini Venugopal|last1=Bhagat|first2=Maria|last2=Abi-Habib|newspaper=The New York Times|date=19 October 2019|access-date=20 October 2019|archive-date=20 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191020042242/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/19/world/asia/india-koodathayai-murder.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/11/08/asia/jolly-joseph-murder-india-intl-hnk/index.html|title=Mom, churchgoer, chatty neighbor ... suspected serial killer|author=Julia Hollingsworth|author2=Manveena Suri|author3=Ananthu Sureshkumar|website=CNN|date=9 November 2019|access-date=19 November 2019|archive-date=11 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111041907/https://www.cnn.com/2019/11/08/asia/jolly-joseph-murder-india-intl-hnk/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Timeline of the crimes==

In 2002, Annamma Thomas (aged 57), the mother-in-law of the accused, drank a glass of water after returning home from a walk. Immediately afterwards, she began to feel [[malaise|uneasy]] and [[dizzy]], eventually collapsing on the floor. She was taken to the hospital, where she later died, and the doctors declared that she had suffered a [[heart attack]].

In 2008, Tom Thomas (aged 66), Annamma's husband and Jolly's father-in-law, died after [[swooning]] and collapsing. Jolly Joseph was allegedly present at the spot on both occasions.

In 2011, Roy Thomas (aged 40), Jolly's then husband, died after consuming his dinner of [[rice]] and [[Bengal gram]] curry. He was found dead in a bathroom that was locked from the inside. The cause of death was then ruled as [[suicide]] due to financial issues, as the [[Autopsy|post-mortem report]] showed traces of [[poison]]. Roy's maternal uncle, Mathew Manjayadil, called for a post-mortem report and an inquiry into Roy's cause of death.

In 2014, Mathew (aged 68) swooned and died after Jolly allegedly gave him poison-laden [[whisky]]. The deceased Roy has a cousin named Shaju Zachariah.

The same year (2014), Shaju's two-year-old daughter, Alphine Shaju, died after "[[choking]] on food".

In 2016, Jolly allegedly gave Sily Shaju (aged 41), Alphine's mother, a [[Capsule (pharmacy)|mushroom capsule]], which Jolly convinced her would help with energy and [[Depression (mood)|depression]], and Sily died on the spot soon after.

In 2018, Rojo Thomas (brother of Roy Thomas) came down to Koodathayi and filed a series of [[Right to Information Act, 2005|RTI]] applications. From the government hospital, he received a copy of the [[autopsy]] report of his brother's body. "When he read the report, he found out that what Jolly told us was wrong. Jolly told us he had food at 3.30 pm and hadn't had food after that. But it was clear in the post-mortem report that he had rice and Bengal gram curry at 8.30 pm," said family friend Mohammad Bawa. "Acute cyanide poisoning can result in death in a matter of seconds. Cyanide does not accumulate in the body and so it is rare to encounter it in slow death cases," explained Dr V. V. Pillay, head of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, [[Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences]] in [[Kochi]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/kerala-serial-killer-jolly-everything-you-need-to-know-1.1570526945036|title=Kerala serial killer Jolly: Everything you need to know|website=gulfnews.com|date=8 October 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-10-16|archive-date=16 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016075502/https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/kerala-serial-killer-jolly-everything-you-need-to-know-1.1570526945036|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Suspects==

Jolly Joseph, who was 47 at the time of her arrest in 2019, was the prime suspect in the murder of six members of the family she married into. It was Renji Thomas, Roy Thomas's sister, who complained to the police about the six unnatural deaths whose investigation led to Jolly Joseph. Following her [[arrest]] in October 2019, Jolly confessed to using [[cyanide]] to kill the six aforementioned people. She allegedly obtained the cyanide with the help of M. S. Mathew and Praji Kumar, who have also been arrested.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-10-06 |title=Using cyanide, Kerala woman murdered six members of family over 14 years, say police |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/kerala/using-cyanide-kerala-woman-murdered-six-members-of-family-over-14-years-say-police-6055693/ |access-date=2023-12-24 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224155541/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/kerala/using-cyanide-kerala-woman-murdered-six-members-of-family-over-14-years-say-police-6055693/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Jolly Joseph===

Jolly was originally from [[Kattappana]], [[Idukki district]], and a first-year college dropout. She married her first husband, Roy Thomas, in 1997. Jolly and Roy had two sons, now aged 19 and 24. According to her neighbour, Jolly lied to fellow villagers about being an M.Com. (Master's degree in Commerce) graduate and working at [[National Institute of Technology Calicut|NIT Calicut]]. Her whereabouts during her daily outings to her fake job remained uncertain. In 2011, her husband Roy Thomas died under mysterious circumstances. Following the death of Shaju Zachariah's wife in 2016, Jolly married Shaju.<ref name="auto"/> Jolly had been described as "jovial, friendly, jolly and pious" by people who knew her.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/jovial-friendly-pious-shocked-kerala-town-recalls-its-serial-killer-who-killed-6-people-over-14-years-1.1570461633045|title=Jovial, friendly, pious: Shocked Kerala town recalls its 'serial killer' who killed 6 people over 14 years|website=gulfnews.com|date=7 October 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-10-16|archive-date=14 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014112231/https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/jovial-friendly-pious-shocked-kerala-town-recalls-its-serial-killer-who-killed-6-people-over-14-years-1.1570461633045|url-status=live}}</ref>

===M. S. Mathew===
According to the police, Mathew, a jewellery shop employee who was also a distant relative and lover of Jolly, was the one who provided Jolly with the cyanide. He reportedly told the police that he procured the cyanide from Praji Kumar after giving him two bottles of alcohol and {{INR|5000}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.manoramaonline.com/news/kerala/2019/10/14/koodathayi-murder-jolly-cyanide-mathew-prajikumar-statements.html|title=Two bottles of alcohol & Rs 5,000: How co-suspect in Koodathayi murders got cyanide|website=OnManorama|language=en|access-date=2019-10-16|archive-date=16 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016132735/https://english.manoramaonline.com/news/kerala/2019/10/14/koodathayi-murder-jolly-cyanide-mathew-prajikumar-statements.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Mathew claims that Jolly asked him for cyanide to kill a [[stray dog]] that comes near her house.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/jolly-josephs-relative-confessed-he-got-cyanide-her-rs-5000-say-cops-110522|title=Jolly Joseph's relative confessed he got cyanide for her for Rs 5000, say cops|last=|first=|date=|website=www.thenewsminute.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014184909/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/jolly-josephs-relative-confessed-he-got-cyanide-her-rs-5000-say-cops-110522|archive-date=14 October 2019|access-date=2019-10-16}}</ref>

=== Praji Kumar ===
Praji Kumar was a goldsmith who allegedly gave M. S. Mathew the cyanide. He stated that he assumed the poison was being bought to kill rats.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.keralakaumudi.com/en/news/news.php?id=166643&u=cyanide-was-given-to-kill-greater-bandicoot-rat-don%E2%80%99t-have-any-role-in-conspiracy-says-praji-kumar|title=Cyanide was shown to kill greater bandicoot stray dog, don't have any role in conspiracy, says Praji Kumar|last=Daily|first=Keralakaumudi|website=Keralakaumudi Daily|language=en|access-date=2019-10-16|archive-date=13 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613105659/https://www.keralakaumudi.com/en/news/news.php?id=166643&u=cyanide-was-given-to-kill-greater-bandicoot-rat-don%E2%80%99t-have-any-role-in-conspiracy-says-praji-kumar|url-status=live}}</ref>

==In popular culture==
[[Antony Perumbavoor]] announced his upcoming movie would be based on the Koodathayi incident, with the leading role played by [[Mohanlal]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/entertainment/2019/10/09/kerala-cyanide-murders-to-become-movie-mohanlal-to-play-key-role.html|title=Kerala cyanide murders to become movie, Mohanlal to play key role|website=The Week|access-date=18 October 2019|archive-date=18 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018011603/https://www.theweek.in/news/entertainment/2019/10/09/kerala-cyanide-murders-to-become-movie-mohanlal-to-play-key-role.html|url-status=live}}</ref> synchronized actress Dini Daniel launched a poster through social media of her new movie based the same topic in which she plays as Jolly Joseph.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deepika.com/cinema/CinemaNews.aspx?ID=4401|title=ഡിനി ഡാനിയേൽ നായികയാകുന്ന "കൂടത്തായി'; ഫസ്റ്റ്ലുക്ക് എത്തി : Cinema News|website=deepika.com|trans-title=Fidelukku: Koodiyattayi starring Dini Daniel|language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/mohanlal-to-play-investigation-officer-in-koodathai-murder-case-inspired-thriller/articleshow/71501818.cms|title=Mohanlal to play investigation officer in Koodathai murder case inspired thriller? - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=9 October 2019 |access-date=29 October 2019|archive-date=12 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012070313/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/mohanlal-to-play-investigation-officer-in-koodathai-murder-case-inspired-thriller/articleshow/71501818.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

Malayalam entertainment-oriented TV channels are airing the same topic in their serials but using a different method of storytelling, fencing against legal issues.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.madhyamam.com/kerala/koodathai-serial-kerala-news/663453|title = ടി.വി സീരിയലിന് കൂടത്തായി കൂട്ടക്കൊലയുമായി സാമ്യമെന്ന് പൊലീസ് ഹൈകോടതിയിൽ | Madhyamam|date = 3 February 2020|access-date = 16 June 2020|archive-date = 17 June 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200617031036/https://www.madhyamam.com/kerala/koodathai-serial-kerala-news/663453|url-status = live}}</ref>

In November 2019, [[Kairali TV]] released a serial based on the Koodathayi case. Serial actress Divya Sreedhar had played the role of Dolly, a woman who is a psychopath. ''Krithyam'' was the first Malayalam television serial that portrayed the Koodathayi incident.

In December 2019, [[Sony Entertainment Television|Sony TV]]'s crime series ''[[Crime Patrol (TV series)|Crime Patrol]]'' presented 3 episodes case based on Koodathayi incident.<ref>{{Citation |title=Crime Patrol Satark Season 2 - Ep 100 - Full Episode - 2nd December, 2019 | date=4 December 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MXr-CjDAMM4 |access-date=2024-02-28 |language=en}}</ref>

In 2020, a Malayalam TV series named ''Koodathayi'' was aired on [[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]] based on the series killing incident. Actress [[Muktha (actress)|Muktha]] played the role of a killer in the [[Malayalam]] serial. Actors like [[Mallika Sukumaran]], [[Kollam Thulasi]], Dayyana Hamid, etc., played other roles in that serial.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-09 |title=Koodathayi Serial Resumes On Flowers TV - HC Allowed Channel To Air Content |url=https://www.keralatv.in/koodathayi-serial-resumes-flowers/ |access-date=2022-10-18 |language=en-US |archive-date=18 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018065014/https://www.keralatv.in/koodathayi-serial-resumes-flowers/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Malayalam Tv Serial Koodathayi Synopsis Aired On Flowers TV Channel |url=https://nettv4u.com/about/Malayalam/tv-serials/koodathayi |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=nettv4u |language=en |archive-date=18 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018065013/https://nettv4u.com/about/Malayalam/tv-serials/koodathayi |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 7 September 2020, [[Spotify]] launched a ten-episode original podcast, ''Death, Lies & Cyanide'' narrated by the journalist [[Sashi Kumar]], based on the murders.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bhavani |first1=Divya Kala |title=A journalistic podcast on the infamous 'cyanide woman' of Kerala |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/spotify-india-podcast-true-crime-death-lies-cyanide-sashi-kumar-journalist-interview/article32540044.ece |access-date=1 January 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=7 September 2020 |language=en-IN |archive-date=17 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917104533/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/spotify-india-podcast-true-crime-death-lies-cyanide-sashi-kumar-journalist-interview/article32540044.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 22 December 2023, [[Netflix]] released a documentary film titled ''[[Curry & Cyanide: The Jolly Joseph Case]]'' based on the case. It is directed by [[Christo Tomy]], and written by Shalini Ushadevi.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-23 |title=The true story of the Jolly Joseph case, now subject of a Netflix documentary |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/jolly-joseph-murders-koodatha-netflix-9079974/ |access-date=2023-12-24 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224154629/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/jolly-joseph-murders-koodatha-netflix-9079974/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

''Anali'', an upcoming web series on [[Disney+ Hotstar]] directed by [[Midhun Manuel Thomas]] is reportedly based on the case.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-07-11 |title=Shoot of Midhun Manuel Thomas' Web series Anali Wrapped Up|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/malayalam/shoot-of-midhun-manuel-thomas-web-series-anali-wrapped-up-article-111651095 |access-date=2024-12-01 |website=Times Now|language=en}}</ref> It stars [[Nikhila Vimal]] and [[Leona Lishoy]] in lead roles.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/midhun-manuel-thomas-announces-web-series-anali-starring-leona-lishoy-and-nikhila-vimal/articleshow/108330911.cms|title=Midhun Manuel Thomas announces web series 'Anali' starring Leona Lishoy and Nikhila Vimal|website=[[The Times Of India]]|access-date=2024-12-01}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:2019 crimes in India]]
[[Category:Crime in Kerala]]
[[Category:Deaths by poisoning]]
[[Category:Deaths by cyanide poisoning]]
[[Category:2019 in Kerala]]
[[Category:Mariticides]]
[[Category:Murder in India]]
[[Category:Scandals in India]]

Urvashi Bahuguna

2026-03-15T09:35:24Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating first data w/ infobox

{{short description|Indian poet and essayist}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Urvashi Bahuguna
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Cuttack]], India
| occupation = {{Cslist|Poet|essayist}}
| language =
| nationality = Indian
| education = [[University of East Anglia]] (MA)
| notable_works =
| website = {{Official website|https://urvashibahuguna.com/}}
}}

'''Urvashi Bahuguna''' is an Indian poet and essayist.

==Life and career==
Born in [[Cuttack]],<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Thayil |editor1-first=Jeet |title=The Penguin Book Of Indian Poets |date=2022 |publisher=Penguin Random House |isbn=9789354925108 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mgRqEAAAQBAJ&q=%22Urvashi%20Bahuguna%22%20born&pg=PT990 |access-date=14 May 2024}}</ref> Bahuguna grew up in [[Goa]], and moved to [[Delhi]] during her high school years. She attended [[Delhi University]] for her undergraduate degree,<ref name="Sharma">{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Manik |title=Urvashi Bahuguna on her poetry collection Terrarium, growing up in Goa, finding her way back to writing |url=https://www.firstpost.com/living/urvashi-bahuguna-on-her-poetry-collection-terrarium-growing-up-in-goa-finding-her-way-back-to-writing-6125611.html |access-date=14 May 2024 |work=Firstpost |date=24 February 2019 |language=en-us}}</ref> and graduated from the [[University of East Anglia]] with a master's degree in creative writing (poetry) in 2014.<ref name="NW">{{cite web |last=Alexander |first=Samantha |date=December 2017 |title=Urvashi Bahuguna wins Emerging Poet's Prize |url=https://www.newwriting.net/2017/12/urvashi-bahuguna-wins-emerging-poets-prize/ |website=New Writing |publisher=UEA Publishing Project |access-date=9 November 2023}}</ref> {{As of|2017}} she lived in Delhi.<ref name="NW"/>

In 2017 she was awarded the Emerging Poet's Prize by the (Great) Indian Poetry Collective for her debut collection of poems, ''Terrarium''.<ref name="NW"/> She was selected for the award by [[Aimee Nezhukumatathil]]. The collection was described by the ''[[HuffPost]]'' as "the poetry of our planet [...] terrestrial, atmospheric, oceanic",<ref name="Goyal">{{cite news |last1=Goyal |first1=Sana |title=Poet Urvashi Bahuguna On Her Debut 'Terrarium' and Its Inspirations |url=https://www.huffpost.com/archive/in/entry/poet-urvashi-bahuguna-on-her-debut-terrarium-its-inspirations_in_5c7cfa1be4b0e5e313ccbb72 |access-date=14 May 2024 |work=HuffPost India |date=4 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref> and a review by ''[[The Hindu]]'' said that Bahuguna's poetry "will draw your attention to our fragile planet, making you fall in love with it".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Srilata |first1=K. |title='Terrarium' by Urvashi Bahuguna: Beauteous earth, our home |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/terrarium-by-urvashi-bahuguna-beauteous-earth-our-home/article26673138.ece |access-date=14 May 2024 |work=The Hindu |date=30 March 2019 |url-access=subscription |language=en-IN}}</ref> She has also received the Charles Wallace India Trust Fellowship, a Sangam House fellowship, an Eclectica Spotlight Author Prize, and a TOTO Award for Creative Writing.<ref name="Sur">{{cite journal |last1=Sur |first1=Sanchari |title=On Creating a Writing Life While Negotiating Mental Illness: An Interview with Urvashi Bahuguna |journal=Michigan Quarterly Review |date=December 2021 |url=https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/mqr/2021/12/on-creating-a-writing-life-while-negotiating-mental-illness-an-interview-with-urvashi-bahuguna/ |access-date=9 November 2023}}</ref>

In 2021 she published a collection of essays titled ''No Straight Thing Was Ever Made: Essays on Mental Health''.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Zutshi |first1=Vikram |title=Urvashi Bahuguna's Latest Book on Mental Health Offers Hope for Turbulent Minds |url=https://thewire.in/books/urvashi-bahugunas-latest-book-on-mental-health-offers-hope-for-turbulent-minds |access-date=9 November 2023 |work=The Wire |date=29 April 2021}}</ref> ''The Hindu'' said that the collection "comforts, confronts and challenges" readers.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pragati |first1=K.B |title='No Straight Thing was Ever Made: Essays on Mental Health' review: Giving a chance to hope |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-reviews/no-straight-thing-was-ever-made-essays-on-mental-health-review-giving-a-chance-to-hope/article36893707.ece |access-date=14 May 2024 |work=The Hindu |date=9 October 2021 |language=en-IN |url-access=subscription}}</ref> In 2022, her poetry was included in ''The Penguin Book of Indian Poets'', edited by [[Jeet Thayil]]; she is one of the youngest writers included in the anthology.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gupta |first1=Uttaran Das |title=Verse Affairs: The Big Fat Book of Indian (English) Poetry |url=https://thewire.in/books/review-penguin-book-of-indian-poets |access-date=14 May 2024 |work=The Wire |date=15 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

==Selected works==
*''Terrarium'' (The (Great) Indian Poetry Collective, 2019)
* ''No Straight Thing Was Ever Made: Essays on Mental Health'' (Penguin Random House, 2021)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|https://urvashibahuguna.com/}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bahuguna, Urvashi}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:People from Cuttack]]
[[Category:Delhi University alumni]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of East Anglia]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian essayists]]
[[Category:Indian women essayists]]
[[Category:English-language Indian writers]]
[[Category:English-language Indian poets]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women poets]]

Gitanjali Express

2026-03-15T05:41:51Z

Tyrone73H144: minor changes

{{short description|Train in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox rail service
| name = Gitanjali Express
| logo =
| image = গীতাঞ্জলি এক্সপ্রেস.jpg
| caption = Gitanjali Express train board.
| type = [[Superfast Express trains in India|Superfast]]
| locale = [[West Bengal]], [[Jharkhand]], [[Odisha]], [[Chhattisgarh]] & [[Maharashtra]]
| first ={{start date and age|df=yes|1977|11|04}}
| operator =[[South Eastern Railway zone|South Eastern Railway]]
| start = [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus|Mumbai CSMT]] (CSMT)
| stops = 25
| end = [[Howrah Junction railway station|Howrah Junction]] (HWH)
| distance = {{convert|1963|km|0|abbr=on}}
| journeytime = 31 hrs 05 mins
| frequency = Daily
| class = [[Indian Railways coaching stock|AC 2 Tier]], [[Indian Railways coaching stock|AC 3 Tier]], [[Indian Railways coaching stock|AC 3 Tier Economy]], [[Indian Railways coaching stock|Sleeper class]], [[Indian Railways coaching stock|General Unreserved]]
| seating = Yes
| sleeping = Yes
| catering = Available
| observation = Large windows
| baggage = Available
| otherfacilities = Below the seats
| gauge = {{track gauge|1676mm|lk=on|allk=on}}
| stock = [[LHB coach]]
| trainnumber = 12859 / 12860
| speed = {{convert|130|km/h|0|abbr=on}} maximum, {{convert|65|km/h|0|abbr=on}} average including halts.
| map = [[File:(Howrah - Mumbai) Express and Gitanjali Express Route map.jpg|thumb|Gitanjali Express Route map]]
}}

The 12859 / 12860 '''Gitanjali Express''' is a Daily Superfast Express train of Indian Railways running between Two Major Metro Cities [[Kolkata]], ({{stnlnk|Howrah Junction}}) in [[West Bengal]] and [[Mumbai]], ([[Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus railway station|Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus]]) in [[Maharashtra]] connecting the East with the West. Numbered 12859/60 this train belongs to the [[Superfast Express trains in India|Superfast Express]] category. This train takes 30½ hrs to cover the distance of 1968 km between Mumbai and Howrah while the return takes 31 hrs 15 mins. This is first train which depart behind pure AC Loco from Mumbai CSMT after conversion of Mumbai CSMT to Thane from DC to AC. It has the top most priority in Howrah Mumbai route. It uses the [[Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line]].

==Relevance==
[[Rabindranath Tagore]], a famous poet of India, wrote the book ''[[Gitanjali]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/tagore/gitnjali.htm |title= Rabindranath Tagore wrote the book Geetanjali|publisher=sacred-texts.com |date= |accessdate=8 July 2016}}</ref> Since this train, too, starts from [[Bengal]] this train has the same name. This is the first Classless train in [[India]], introduced by Ex Railway Minister Prof. Madhu Dandvate on 26 December 1977.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qmoiCCN2AK0C |title=''Dialogue with Life'' by Madhu Dandvate |accessdate=2011-11-17|isbn=9788177648560 |last1=Dandavate |first1=Madhu |year=2005 |publisher=Allied Publishers (P) Limited }}</ref>

==Train schedule==
'''From Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus to Howrah — 12859'''. The train starts from Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus everyday.<ref>{{Cite web |last=telang |first=Kamlesh |title=12859/Gitanjali Express (PT) - Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus to Howrah SER/South Eastern Zone - Railway Enquiry |url=https://indiarailinfo.com/train/-train-gitanjali-express-12859/517/12282/1 |access-date=2022-06-11 |website=indiarailinfo.com}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background:gold;" | Station code
! style="background:gold;" ! | Station name
! style="background:gold;" ! | Arrival
! style="background:gold;" ! | Departure
|-
| '''CSMT'''|| '''Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus'''|| --- || '''06:00'''
|-
|DR
|Dadar Central
|06:12
|06:15
|-
| KYN || Kalyan Junction || 06:52 || 06:55
|-
| KSRA|| Kasara railway station|| 08:00|| 08:03
|-
| IGP|| Igatpuri railway station|| 08:30|| 08:32
|-
|NK
|Nashik Road
|09:25
|09:30
|-
|JL
|Jalgaon
|11:58
|12:00
|-
| BSL || Bhusaval Junction || 12:40 || 12:45
|-
|MKU
|Malkapur
|13:29
|13:30
|-
|SEG
|Shegaon
|14:14
|14:15
|-
| AK || Akola || 14:45 || 14:50
|-
| BD || Badnera || 16:12 || 16:15
|-
|WR
|Wardha Junction
|17:18
|17:20
|-
| NGP || Nagpur Junction || 18:55 || 19:00
|-
|BRD
|Bhandara Road
|19:51
|19:53
|-
| G || Gondia || 20:48 || 20:50
|-
| RJN || Raj Nandgaon || 22:07 || 22:09
|-
| DURG || Durg Junction || 22:50 || 22:55
|-
| R || Raipur Junction || 23:30 || 23:35
|-
|BSP
|Bilaspur Junction
|01:20
|01:35
|-
|RIG
|Raigarh
|03:11
|03:13
|-
|JSG
|Jharsuguda
|04:28
|04:30
|-
|ROU
|Rourkela Junction
|05:44
|05:52
|-
|CKP
|Chakradhapur
|07:13
|07:15
|-
|TATA
|Tatanagar Junction
|08:15
|08:25
|-
|KGP
|Kharagpur
|10:23
|10:28
|-
|SRC
|Santragachi Junction
|11:47
|11:48
|-
| '''HWH'''|| '''Howrah'''|| '''12:30''' || ---
|}
Note : Train stops at [[Kasara railway station|Kasara]] & [[Igatpuri railway station|Igatpuri Railway Station]] only for Bankers Loco attachment & removal at the back of the Train. There is no Commercial halt at these Stations.

'''From Howrah to Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus — 12860'''. The train starts from Howrah everyday.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Vikas |title=12860/Gitanjali Express (PT) - Howrah to Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus SER/South Eastern Zone - Railway Enquiry |url=https://indiarailinfo.com/train/-train-gitanjali-express-12860/518/1/12282 |access-date=2022-06-11 |website=indiarailinfo.com}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background:gold;" | Station code
! style="background:gold;" ! | Station name
! style="background:gold;" ! | Arrival
! style="background:gold;" ! | Departure
|-
| '''HWH'''|| '''Howrah'''|| --- || '''14:05'''
|-
|KGP
|Kharagpur
|15:40
|15:45
|-
| TATA || Tatanagar Junction || 17:41 || 17:48
|-
|CKP
|Chakradharpur
|18:45
|18:47
|-
|ROU
|Rourkela Junction
|20:12
|20:20
|-
| JSG || Jharsuguda || 21:53 || 21:55
|-
|RIG
|Raigarh
|22:58
|23:00
|-
|BSP
|Bilaspur Junction
|01:00
|01:15
|-
| R || Raipur Junction || 02:45 || 02:50
|-
| DURG || Durg Junction || 03:45 || 03:50
|-
|RJN
|Raj Nandgaon
|04:12
|04:14
|-
| G || Gondia || 05:40 || 05:42
|-
|BRD
|Bhandara Road
|06:29
|06:31
|-
| NGP || Nagpur Junction || 07:40 || 07:45
|-
| WR || Wardha Junction || 08:48 || 08:50
|-
| BD || Badnera || 10:32 || 10:35
|-
| AK || Akola || 11:30 || 11:35
|-
|SEG
|Shegaon
|12:03
|12:05
|-
|MKU
|Malkapur
|12:43
|12:45
|-
|BSL
|Bhusaval Junction
|13:45
|13:50
|-
|JL
|Jalgaon
|14:18
|14:20
|-
|NK
|Nashik Road
|17:05
|17:10
|-
| {{Red|IGP}}|| {{Red|Igatpuri}}|| {{Red|17:57}}|| {{Red|18:00}}
|-
|KYN
|Kalyan Junction
|20:02
|20:05
|-
|DR
|Dadar Central
|20:47
|20:50
|-
| '''CSMT'''|| '''Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus'''|| '''21:20''' || ---
|}

== Arrival and departure ==
Train No.12859 leaves source point, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus Mumbai Daily Early Morning at 6:00 am and reaches its destination station Howrah Junction daily at 12:30 PM in afternoon the next day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cleartrip.com/trains/12859 |title= Gitanjali Express 12859 Schedule |publisher=cleartrip.com |date= |accessdate=8 July 2016}}</ref>
Train No.12860 leaves Howrah Junction at 2:05 pm daily and reach its destination, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus at 9:20 pm next evening <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Vikas |title=12860/Gitanjali Express (PT) - Howrah to Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus SER/South Eastern Zone - Railway Enquiry |url=https://indiarailinfo.com/train/-train-gitanjali-express-12860/518/1/12282 |access-date=2022-05-03 |website=indiarailinfo.com}}</ref> it is a daily Superfast Express service with Top Most High Level Priority.

==Traction==
It is hauled by a [[Santragachi railway station|Santragachi Loco Shed]] / [[Electric Loco Shed, Ajni|Ajni Loco Shed]] / [[Electric Loco Shed, Kalyan|Kalyan Loco Shed]] based [[WAP-7]] electric locomotive on its entire journey.

==Coach composition==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders unsortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| Loco
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 1
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 2
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 3
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 4
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 5
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 6
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 7
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 8
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 9
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 10
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 11
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 12
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 13
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!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 15
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 16
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 17
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 18
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 19
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 20
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 21
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:lightskyblue;"| 22
|-
|[[File:BSicon LDER.svg|25px]] ||SLR||GEN||S1||S2||S3||S4||S5||S6||S7||PC||M1||M2||M3||B1||B2||B3||B4||B5||A1||A2||GEN||EOG
|}

== See also ==
*[[Dedicated Intercity trains of India]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{cite web|title=Gitanjali Express|url=http://indiarailinfo.com/train/517|ref=Gitanjali Express}}
*{{cite web|title=Gitanjal Express|url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/passenger/single-view/view/mumbai-network-switches-from-dc-to-ac.html}}

{{Central Railway}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gitanjali Express}}
[[Category:Rail transport in Howrah]]
[[Category:Transport in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Named passenger trains of India]]
[[Category:Express trains in India]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Odisha]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Rail transport in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Railway services introduced in 1977]]

Heegu Unte

2026-03-04T07:28:55Z

Tyrone73H144: made a details

{{distinguish|text = Heegu Unte, a [[TV9 Kannada]] program}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Heegu Unte
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name = 
| director = [[Madan Patel]]
| writer = Madan Patel
| screenplay =
| story =
| based_on = 
| producer = Madan Patel
| starring = Madan Patel [[Jai Akash]]
| narrator =
| cinematography = R. D. Ravi
| editing = J. G. Krishna
| music = Adi (Mahesh Patel)
| studio = Media International
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2008|10|24}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Kannada
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Heegu Unte''''' is a 2008 Indian [[Kannada]]-language [[drama film]] directed by [[Madan Patel]] and starring himself and [[Jai Akash]].

==Plot==
The film is about the problems faced by women in the garment industry.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

== Cast ==
*[[Madan Patel]] as Annaiah
*[[Jai Akash]]
*Sushil Kumar
*Madhu Goumathi
*Ravi Teja
*Harshita
*Vanitha
*[[Satya Prakash (actor)|Satya Prakash]]

== Release and reception ==
The film was released on 24 October 2008 coinciding with ''[[Sangama (film)|Sangama]]'' to negative reviews.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

A critic from ''[[Bangalore Mirror]]'' rated the film one out of five stars and wrote that "It is doubtful if the audience will watch this film even at gunpoint. They will either doze off or run away disregarding the gun pointed by Madan Patel, who is the film’s leading man, director, script writer and a host of other things combined".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/reviews/heegu-unte-nonsense/articleshow/22374891.cms|title=Heegu Unte: Nonsense|date=25 October 2008|work=[[Bangalore Mirror]]|access-date=22 June 2024}}</ref> [[R. G. Vijayasarathy]] of ''[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]'' wrote that "''Heegu Unte'' is a film that should be avoided at any cost".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaforums.com/article/heegu-unte-fails-on-all-countskannada-film-review_9010|title='Heegu Unte' fails on all counts|work=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]|via=India Forums|date=28 October 2008|first=R. G.|last=Vijayasarathy|author-link=R. G. Vijayasarathy|access-date=22 June 2024|archive-date=10 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210104012/https://www.indiaforums.com/article/heegu-unte-fails-on-all-countskannada-film-review_9010|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Controversy ==
[[Madan Patel]] pointed his gun at a senior news photographer KN Nageshkumar for badmouthing the film and Nageshkumar subsequently filed a police complaint.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/film-director-patches-up-with-photojournalist/articleshow/22369371.cms|title=Film director patches up with photojournalist|work=[[Bangalore Mirror]]|date=31 October 2008|access-date=24 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/badmouth-a-film-face-a-gun/articleshow/22373854.cms|title=Badmouth a film, face a gun!|date=27 October 2008|work=Bangalore Mirror|access-date=24 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chitratara.com/show-content.php?id=370&ptype=News&title=PISTOLS%20AND%20WAR%20OF%20WORDS:%20CONTROVERSIES%20IN%202008|title=PISTOLS AND WAR OF WORDS: CONTROVERSIES IN 2008|date=25 December 2008|work=Chitratara.com|access-date=24 June 2024}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|14252674}}

[[Category:2008 Indian films]]
[[Category:2008 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:2008 drama films]]
[[Category:Films about prostitution]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]

Mallesham

2026-03-03T17:48:47Z

Tyrone73H144: update lead as per guidelines

{{short description|2019 Indian Telugu-language film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Mallesham
| image = Mallesham_Poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = Raj Rachakonda
| producer = Raj Rachakonda Sri Adhikari
| writer = Raj Rachakonda
| starring = [[Priyadarshi (actor)|Priyadarshi]] [[Jhansi (TV anchor)|Jhansi]] [[Ananya Nagalla]] [[Ananda Chakrapani]]
| music = Mark K. Robin
| cinematography = Balu Sandilyasa
| editing = Raghavender V.
| studio = Studio 99
| distributor = [[Suresh Productions]]
| released = {{Film date|2019|06|21|df=y}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget = {{INR|2.5 [[crore]]}}<ref name="sakshi">{{Cite web|date=2019-12-31|title=2019లో భారీ వసూళ్లు రాబట్టిన సినిమాలివే..|trans-title=Highest grossing films of 2019|url=https://www.sakshi.com/news/family/roundup-2019-special-story-tollywood-movies-1252065|access-date=2020-08-06|website=Sakshi|language=te}}</ref>
| gross = {{Estimation}} {{INR|5 crore}}<ref name="sakshi" />
}}

'''''Mallesham''''' is a 2019 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[biographical film]] based on the life of [[Chintakindi Mallesham]], written and directed by Raj Rachakonda. The film features [[Priyadarshi (actor)|Priyadarshi]] as Mallesham, alongside [[Jhansi (TV anchor)|Jhansi]], debutante [[Ananya Nagalla]] and [[Ananda Chakrapani]] in prominent roles. The film garnered positive reviews from critics upon release. Priyadarshi's performance in the film is regarded as one of the "100 Greatest Performances of the Decade" by ''[[Film Companion]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=100 Greatest Performances of the Decade|url=https://filmcompanion.in/best-of-the-decade/100-best-performances-indian-cinema.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219043509/https://www.filmcompanion.in/best-of-the-decade/100-best-performances-indian-cinema.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 December 2019|access-date=2020-11-14|website=[[Film Companion]]|language=en}}</ref>'' It also won the state Gaddar Award for Third Best Feature Film.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/telugu/gaddar-telangana-film-awards-adivi-sesh-thanks-telangana-government-for-honouring-major-expresses-gratitude-to-mahesh-babu-article-151755732|title=Gaddar Telangana Film Awards: Adivi Sesh Thanks Telangana Government For Honouring Major, Expresses Gratitude To Mahesh Babu|date=May 30, 2025|website=Times Now}}</ref>

== Plot ==
This biopic of Padma Shri awardee [[Chintakindi Mallesham]] is essentially a tale of a man going to great lengths to ease the pain of his mother, and several other women like her. The mother, Lakshmi (Jhansi), runs the home and something more — winds threads over a four-foot, v-shaped ‘asu’ continuously. It is a thankless pre-loom step, before her husband Narasimhulu (Ananda Chakrapani) can use the weft and warp and give life to ikat fabric on his loom.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dundoo |first=Sangeetha Devi |date=2019-06-20 |title='Mallesham' review: A indie-spirited biopic is a heart-warming portrayal of tenacity and triumph |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/mallesham-review-a-indie-spirited-biopic-is-a-heart-warming-portrayal-of-tenacity-and-triumph/article28084956.ece |access-date=2025-03-30 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Priyadarshi (actor)|Priyadarshi]] as [[Chintakindi Mallesham]]
*[[Jhansi (TV anchor)|Jhansi]] as Lakshmi
*[[Ananya Nagalla]] as Padma, Mallesham's wife
*[[Ananda Chakrapani]] as Narasimhulu
*[[Gangavva]] as a home owner
*[[Jagadeesh Prathap Bandhari]] as Anji
*Durgaprasad K as Electrician Kiran
*[[Anvesh Michael]] as Raju
*Jayasri Rachakonda as Dr. Indira, gynecologist
*[[Thiruveer]] as Veera Pratap
*[[Laxman Aelay]] as Padma's father
*[[Thagubothu Ramesh]] as a drunkard
*[[Dheer Charan Srivastav]] as Abdul
}}

== Production ==
Short film director Raj made his directorial debut with this film.<ref name="N">{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/2019/jul/25/the-making-of-mallesham-2009048.html|title=The Making of Mallesham|website=The New Indian Express|date=25 July 2019 }}</ref> He had seen the [[TED talk]] by [[Chintakindi Mallesham]] and wanted to create a film about Mallesham.<ref name="H">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/artist-laxman-aelay-and-chintakindi-mallesham-hold-forth-on-the-biopic-mallesham/article27949174.ece|title=Behind the scenes of 'Mallesham', the Telugu biopic on an ikat weaver|first=Sangeetha Devi|last=Dundoo|date=15 June 2019|work=The Hindu}}</ref> Carl Zeiss super-speed lenses were used to shoot the film as Raj wanted the film to feel like [[Shyam Benegal]]'s ''[[Susman (film)|Susman]]'' (1987). The film was shot in Revanapally and the crew stayed in the village for a year to shoot the film.<ref name="N"/> [[Laxman Aelay]] was signed as the head of art production after a hiatus of almost 25 years. His last work was ''[[Nirantharam]]'' (1995). He helped the crew by referring local artisans to the team. His drawings of weavers were used as references for the crew.<ref name="H"/> The trailer released on 29 May.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/priyadarshis-mallesham-trailer-is-here-and-its-promising/articleshow/69563874.cms|title=Priyadarshi's 'Mallesham' trailer is here and it's promising!|website=The Times of India|date=29 May 2019 }}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Mallesham
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = Mark K Robin
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 2019
| recorded = 2019
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Soundtrack]]
| length =
| label =
| producer = Mark K Robin
| prev_title = [[Suryakantham (film)|Suryakantham]]
| prev_year = 2019
| next_title = [[Agent Sai Srinivasa Athreya]]
| next_year = 2019
}}
The songs were composed by Mark K Robin.
{|class="wikitable"
! Song title !! Lyricist !! Singer(s)
|+Original track list (Telugu)
|-
| "Dhana Dhana Dhann" || [[Goreti Venkanna]] || [[Anurag Kulkarni]]
|-
| "Naaku Nuvvani" || [[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]] || Sri Krishna, [[Ramya Behara]]
|-
|"Oho Jambiya" || Goreti Venkanna || Goreti Venkanna, Rahul SipliGunj
|-
|"Aa Challani" || Dasaradhi || Anurag Kulkarni
|-
|"Kotha Kotha Ga" || Goreti Venkanna || Sri Krishna & Ramya Behara
|-
|"Amma Deevena" || Chandrabose || Sri Krishna
|-
| "Amma Deevena" (Instrumental) || ||
|-
| "Entha Maaya" || Ashok Peddinti || Ramya Behara
|-
| "Sethikochina Biddi" || Chandrabose || Anurag Kulkarni
|}

== Release ==
''The Times of India'' gave the film four out of five stars and stated that "The film delivers what it promises – the story of a common man who dared to find a practical solution to the issue at hand, a man anyone can relate to. Director Raj Rachakonda needs to be lauded for this".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/mallesham/movie-review/69885094.cms|title=Mallesham Movie Review {4/5}: A biopic pulled off well|work=The Times of India}}</ref> ''The New Indian Express'' stated that "And yes, Raj deserves applause for churning out a film which has its heart in the right place. Priyadarshi’s complete ownership of the role is what elevates this film a few notches higher."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2019/jun/22/mallesham-movie-review-a-heart-warming-and-inspiring-story-1993768.html|title='Mallesham' movie review: A heart-warming and inspiring story|website=The New Indian Express|date=22 June 2019 }}</ref> ''The Hindu'' wrote that "This indie-spirited film is a heart-warming portrayal of tenacity and triumph".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/mallesham-review-a-indie-spirited-biopic-is-a-heart-warming-portrayal-of-tenacity-and-triumph/article28084956.ece|title='Mallesham' review: A biopic that spells hope|first=Sangeetha Devi|last=Dundoo|date=20 June 2019|work=The Hindu}}</ref> The movie is successful at the box office.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sakshi.com/news/family/roundup-2019-special-story-tollywood-movies-1252065 | title=Biggest Hits in 2019: Box Office Collections Wise | Telugu Hit Movies List in 2019 - Sakshi }}</ref>

=== Digital release ===
The film has a theatrical release and digitally released on [[Netflix]].

== Accolades ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Date of ceremony
!Award
!Category
!Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
!Result
!Ref.
|-
| rowspan="4" |28 March 2020
| rowspan="4" |Critics Choice Film Awards
|Best Actor – Male
|Priyadarshi
|{{nom}}
| rowspan="4" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=2 March 2020|title=Critics Choice Film Awards 2020: Complete nominations list|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/critics-choice-film-awards-2020-complete-nominations-list-6295588/|access-date=10 March 2020|website=The Indian Express}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=28 March 2020|title=Critics' Choice Film Awards 2020: Complete winners list|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/critics-choice-film-awards-2020-complete-winners-list-6336210/|access-date=29 March 2020|website=The Indian Express}}</ref>
|-
|Best Actor – Female
|Jhansi
|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Director
|Raj Rachakonda
|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Film
|''Mallesham''
|{{won}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |11 January 2020
| rowspan="2" |[[Zee Cine Awards Telugu]]
|Special Appreciation
|''Mallesham''
|{{won}}
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=12 January 2020|title=Zee Cine awards Telugu 2020: Samantha Akkineni, Chiranjeevi and Nani win top laurels|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/zee-cine-awards-telugu-2020-samantha-akkineni-chiranjeevi-and-nani-win-top-laurels/story-IIb1IjGUKhrdscXkxVOI2I.html|access-date=12 January 2020|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
|-
|Best Story
|Raj Rachakonda, Peddinti Ashok Kumar
|{{won}}
|-
|[[9th South Indian International Movie Awards|18 September 2021]]
|[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
|Best Debutant Producer – Telugu
|Studio 99
|{{won}}
|<ref>{{cite web |title=SIIMA 2021 Full Winners List: Mahesh Babu – Rashmika Mandanna Win Best Actor And Actress Award |url=https://www.india.com/entertainment/siima-2021-full-winners-list-mahesh-babu-rashmika-mandanna-win-best-actor-and-actress-award-4968951/ |website=India.com |date=20 September 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[9th South Indian International Movie Awards|18 September 2021]]
|[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
|Best Debutant Actress
|[[Ananya Nagalla]]
|{{nom}}
|
|-
|[[9th South Indian International Movie Awards|18 September 2021]]
|[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
|Best Debutant Director
|Raj R
|{{nom}}
|
|-
|[[9th South Indian International Movie Awards|18 September 2021]]
|[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
|Best Debutant Producer
|Studio 99 (Raj R & Sri Adhikari)
|{{won}}
|
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|9742362}}

[[Category:2019 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Indian biographical films]]
[[Category:2019 films]]
[[Category:Films set in Telangana]]
[[Category:Films shot in Telangana]]

Brahmmavaram PS Paridhilo

2026-03-03T09:14:41Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating A Details

{{Short description|2024 Telugu film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Brahmavaram PS Paridilo
| image = Brahmavaram PS Paridilo Theatrical Release Poster.jpeg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = Imran Sastry
| writer = Imran Sastry
| producer =
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* Sravanthi Bellamkonda
* Guru
* [[Surya Sreenivas]]
* Harshini
* [[Jeeva (Telugu actor)|Jeeva]]
* Roopa Lakshmi
}}
| cinematography = Mujeer Malik
| editing = Avula Venkatesh
| music = Saketh Sairam
| studio = Under Dreamz On Reelz Entertainment
| released = {{Film date|2024|08|23|df=yes}}
| runtime = 104 minutes
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget =
}}

'''''Brahmavaram PS Paridilo''''' is a 2024 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language film written and directed by debutant Imran Sastry.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=16 August 2024 |title=Brahmmavaram P.S. Paridhilo Releasing on August 23 |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/general/brahmmavaram-ps-paridhilo-releasing-on-august-23-1816878 |access-date=16 August 2024 |website=Deccan Chronicle |language=en}}</ref> It is produced under the banner of Dreamz On Reelz Entertainment. the film features Sravanthi Bellamkonda, Guru, [[Surya Sreenivas]], Harshini, [[Jeeva (Telugu actor)|Jeeva]], and Roopa Lakshmi in important roles alongside other ensemble cast.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Raju |title=Brahmmavaram P.S. Paridhilo Releasing on August 23rd, 2024 |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/brahmmavaram-ps-paridhilo-releasing-on-august-23rd-2024-900080 |access-date=16 August 2024 |website=The Hans India |language=en}}</ref>

''Brahmavaram PS Paridilo'' was theatrically released on 23 August 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 August 2024 |title=Brahmavaram PS Paridhilo: Where Mystery Meets Drama |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/brahmavaram-ps-review-1818589 |access-date=25 August 2024 |website=Deccan Chronicle |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 August 2024 |title=Brahmmavaram P.S. Paridhilo Releasing on August 23rd, 2024 |url=https://www.sakshipost.com/news/entertainment/brahmmavaram-ps-paridhilo-releasing-august-23rd-2024-324193 |access-date=16 August 2024 |website=Sakshi Post |language=en}}</ref>

== Plot ==
When a headless body was discovered near the police station in Brahmmavaram, raising questions about the identity of the victim, the identity of the killer, and the reasons for leaving the body at that location. What went wrong, and how can mistakes sometimes lead to justice?<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sistu |first=Suhas |date=23 August 2024 |title='Brahmavaram P.S. Paridhilo' review: Gripping suspense thriller |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/tollywood/brahmavaram-ps-paridhilo-review-gripping-suspense-thriller-901832 |access-date=25 August 2024 |website=thehansindia.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Cast ==
* Sravanthi Bellamkonda as Chaitra
* Guru as Goutam
* [[Surya Sreenivas]] as Surya
* Harshini as Mahalakshmi
* [[Jeeva (Telugu actor)|Jeeva]] as CI Vittal
* [[Rupa Lakshmi]] as Lakshmi
* Sammeta Gandhi as Brahmam
* Prem Sagar as Pattabhi
* Rudra Tippe Swamy as SI Prabhakar
* Baby Hima Sriya as Gowri
* Kakinada Prasad as SP Swaminadhan

== Music ==
The music and background score is composed by Saketh Sairam and background score by Sri Venkat.<ref name=":0" />

{{track listing
| headline = Track list
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 4:19
| title1 = Seethakaalam
| lyrics1 = Srinivasa Mouli
| extra1 = Manasa Acharya
| length1 = 4:19
}}

==Reception==
A critic from ''[[The Hans India]]'' wrote that "On a whole, ''Brahmavaram P.S. Paridhilo'' is a well-crafted suspense thriller that will undoubtedly appeal to fans of the genre. With its strong narrative, impressive performances, and effective technical execution, it’s a film that promises to entertain and engage audiences".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sistu |first=Suhas |title=Brahmmavaram P.S. Paridhilo Releasing on August 23rd, 2024 |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/tollywood/brahmavaram-ps-paridhilo-review-gripping-suspense-thriller-901832 |date=23 September 2024 |access-date=29 September 2024 |website=The Hans India |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|id=27510137|title=Brahmavaram PS Paridilo}}

[[Category:2024 films]]
[[Category:2024 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:2024 Indian films]]

Coolie No. 1 (2020 film)

2026-03-02T01:06:11Z

Tyrone73H144: basic rework layout additionally and added references

{{short description|2020 Hindi-language film by David Dhawan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Coolie No. 1
| image = Coolie No. 1 2020 poster.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Official release poster
| director = [[David Dhawan]]
| producer = {{unbulleted list|[[Vashu Bhagnani]]|[[Jackky Bhagnani]]|[[Deepshikha Deshmukh]]}}
| screenplay = Rumi Jaffrey
| based_on = {{Based on|''[[Chinna Mapillai]]'' by [[P. Kalaimani]]}}
| starring = {{unbulleted list|[[Varun Dhawan]]|[[Sara Ali Khan]]|[[Paresh Rawal]]}}
| narrator =
| music = '''Songs:''' [[Salim–Sulaiman]] [[Anand-Milind]] [[Tanishk Bagchi]] Lijo George-DJ Chetas [[Javed - Mohsin|Javed-Mohsin]] '''Background Score:''' [[Salim–Sulaiman]]
| cinematography = [[Ravi K. Chandran]]
| editing = Ritesh Soni
| studio = [[Pooja Entertainment]]
| distributor = [[Amazon Prime Video]] [[Tips Industries]]
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2020|12|25|ref1=<ref name="rd">{{Cite web |title=Coolie No. 1, Durgavati, Chhalaang among films to release directly Amazon Prime Video India |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/coolie-no-1-durgavati-chhalaang-among-films-to-release-directly-amazon-prime-video-india-8895581.html |access-date=9 October 2020 |website=First Post |date=9 October 2020 |language=en |archive-date=9 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009041530/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/coolie-no-1-durgavati-chhalaang-among-films-to-release-directly-amazon-prime-video-india-8895581.html |url-status=live}}</ref>}}
| runtime = 135 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
}}

'''''Coolie No. 1''''' is a 2020 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[masala film]] directed by [[David Dhawan]] and produced by [[Vashu Bhagnani]]. A reboot of his own [[Coolie No. 1 (1995 film)|1995 film of the same name]], which itself is a remake of the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film ''[[Chinna Mapillai]]'' (1993), the film stars [[Varun Dhawan]], [[Sara Ali Khan]], and [[Paresh Rawal]]. When a matchmaker is insulted by Jeffrey Rozario, a rich businessman, he vows to exact revenge. As a result, he makes a porter pretend to be a rich man and marries him off to Rozario's daughter.

[[Principal photography]] began on 8 August 2019 in [[Bangkok]].

The film was set to be theatrically released in India on 1 May 2020, but was postponed due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. <ref name="indiatoday.in">{{Cite web |title=Coolie No 1: Varun Dhawan shares first-look posters on Sara Ali Khan's birthday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/coolie-no-1-varun-dhawan-shares-first-look-posters-on-sara-ali-khan-s-birthday-1579920-2019-08-12 |access-date=12 August 2019 |website=India Today |date=12 August 2019 |archive-date=12 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812122700/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/coolie-no-1-varun-dhawan-shares-first-look-posters-on-sara-ali-khan-s-birthday-1579920-2019-08-12 |url-status=live}}</ref> Later, it was released on 25 December, during Christmas, on [[Amazon Prime Video]].

==Plot==
Pandit Jai Kishen brings a prospective groom's family to Sarah Rozario. But when her father Jeffrey learns that the family isn't filthy rich, he insults Jai Kishen. Jai Kishen vows to teach Jeffrey a lesson for his arrogance and pride.

On the way home, Jai Kishen bumps into Raju Coolie, a railway station [[porter (carrier)|porter]] who proudly wears his badge - "Coolie No. 1". Raju is known among his fellow porters for being heroic, recently having gotten a drug dealer Mahesh arrested. When Raju is smitten by Sarah's photo, Jai Kishen hatches a plan to get the poor porter married to Sarah and exact his revenge. With Jai Kishen's guidance and the help of his friend Deepak Mechanic, Raju poses as the prince of Singapore, Kunwar Raj Pratap Singh and wins Sarah's heart. In the process, Sarah's sister Anju falls for Deepak.

Jeffrey gets Sarah married to Raju, not knowing that he is just a poor porter. When Raju returns home with Sarah after the wedding, he pretends that his "father" Mahendra Pratap Singh has thrown him out of the house for getting married without his consent. Sarah tries to make the best out of the given situation by cheering up Raj, which makes him feel guilty.

The trouble becomes double when Jeffrey comes to town to visit his daughter and son-in-law but spots Raju as a coolie at the train station. Jeffrey creates a ruckus, saying that Raju is a fraud who posed as a rich prince and married his daughter. Spontaneously, Raju pretends to not recognise Jeffrey and shoos him away. Raju comes home dressed as Raj and explains that Jeffrey must have seen his twin brother Raju who his father threw out due to his drinking and gambling addictions. Jeffrey buys this story and decides to get Anju married to Raju, so that both his daughters will live filthy rich lives.

Raju keeps getting into trouble since he can be only at one place at one time. One such incident forces Raju, Sarah and Jeffrey Rozario to file a missing complaint for Kunwar Raj Pratap Singh. Inspector Jagjit Godbole gets skeptical of the situation and starts to believe that Raju and his twin Raj are the same person. To prevent further problems, Deepak suggests that he should "kill" Raju. Taking this suggestion, Raju tosses his "Coolie No. 1" badge into a car which he and Deepak push down a cliff, into a lake. However, when the car is recovered but no body is found, Inspector Godbole's suspicions are confirmed.

Mahesh Anand is disowned by his father, Mahendra, due to his criminal activities. To get back at him and Raju, Mahesh stabs Mahendra and frames Raju for the same. Inspector Godbole arrives to arrest him, but Raju informs him that Mahendra is still alive and needs critical medical care, following which he escapes police custody. Raju runs to Deepak, and both of them hatch a plan to pretend to be nurses to save Mahendra's life, as that is Raju's only proof of innocence. At the hospital, Inspector Godbole tells Jeffrey, Sarah, and Anju that Raju is just a porter who pretended to be Kunwar Raj Pratap Singh.

While trying to save Mahendra, Raju and Deepak bump into Sarah and Anju. Raju confesses his fraud to Sarah, and she forgives him. Jeffrey and Sarah help Raju and Deepak to stop Mahesh from killing Mahendra. Once he gains consciousness, Mahendra announces that since Raju saved his life, he is like a son to him. Anju also announces her love for Deepak. When Jeffrey cries about his sons-in-law being a porter and a mechanic, Jai Kishen arrives and tells Jeffrey that it was bound to happen to someone so arrogant and proud of his wealth. Jai Kishen explains that for a happy marriage, wealth isn't needed-love is.

== Cast ==
* [[Varun Dhawan]] in a [[double role]] as
** Raju Coolie
** Kunwar Raj Pratap Singh (Cameo Appearance)
* [[Sara Ali Khan]] as Sarah Pratap Singh (née Rozario): Jeffrey's daughter, Anju's sister and Raju's wife
* [[Paresh Rawal]] as Jeffrey Rozario: Sarah and Anju's father
* [[Jaaved Jaaferi]] as Pandit Jai Kishen / Secretary Jackson
* [[Rajpal Yadav]] as Pinto Mama: Sarah and Anju's uncle and Jeffrey's brother-in-law<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rajpal Yadav joins cast of 'Coolie No. 1' remake |url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/other/rajpal-yadav-joins-cast-of-coolie-no-1-remake/ar-AAEHKtu |access-date=12 August 2019 |publisher=MSN |archive-date=12 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812123255/https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/other/rajpal-yadav-joins-cast-of-coolie-no-1-remake/ar-AAEHKtu |url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Johnny Lever]] as Inspector Jagjit Godbole<ref>{{Cite web |last=Taneja |first=Parina |date=20 July 2019 |title=Johny Lever joins Sara Ali Khan and Varun Dhawan in David Dhawan's Coolie No. 1 |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/celebrities-johny-lever-joins-sara-ali-khan-and-varun-dhawan-in-david-dhawan-s-coolie-no-1-536669 |access-date=12 August 2019 |website=indiatvnews.com |archive-date=12 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812123253/https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/celebrities-johny-lever-joins-sara-ali-khan-and-varun-dhawan-in-david-dhawan-s-coolie-no-1-536669 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Sahil Vaid]] as Deepak Mechanic: Raju's best friend and Anju's fiancé<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 October 2019 |title=Varun Dhawan welcomes Sahil Vaid in Coolie No 1: Back with my all-time best friend |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/varun-dhawan-welcomes-sahil-vaid-in-coolie-no-1-1605401-2019-10-02 |access-date=23 November 2019 |website=India Today |archive-date=23 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223183935/https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/movies/bollywood/story/varun-dhawan-welcomes-sahil-vaid-in-coolie-no-1-1605401-2019-10-02 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* Shikha Talsania as Anjali "Anju" Rozario: Jeffrey's daughter, Sarah's sister and Deepak's fiancé<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 September 2019 |title=Veere Di Wedding's Shikha Talsania in Coolie No. 1. Varun Dhawan has the best welcome message |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/veere-di-wedding-s-shikha-talsania-in-coolie-no-1-varun-dhawan-has-the-best-welcome-message-1594467-2019-09-02 |access-date=23 November 2019 |website=India Today |archive-date=23 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223183934/https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/movies/bollywood/story/veere-di-wedding-s-shikha-talsania-in-coolie-no-1-varun-dhawan-has-the-best-welcome-message-1594467-2019-09-02 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Vikas Verma]] as Mahesh Pratap Singh: Mahendra's son
* [[Manoj Joshi (actor)|Manoj Joshi]] as Mahendra's manager
* [[Anil Dhawan]] as Mahendra Pratap Singh: Mahesh's father
* [[Bharati Achrekar]] as Mrs. Rozario: Jeffrey's mother and Sarah and Anju's grandmother
* [[Rajat Rawail]] as Mac, a bellboy at Raju/Raj, Anju and Sarah's honeymoon hotel
* [[Rakesh Bedi]] as driver and Shalini's father
* Shashi Kiran as Coolie Chacha: Raju's uncle
* [[Hemant Pandey]] as Tambe, owner of the South Indian Restaurant
* [[Farhad Samji]] as plumber at the Rozario Hotel
* Shibesh Debnath as Vishu Coolie: Raju's fellow porter
* [[Girdhar Swami]] as casting director

== Production ==

=== Development ===
Varun Dhawan said In a short time interview with [[Indo-Asian News Service]], producer Bhangani said that David Dhawan wanted to remake the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film ''[[Chinna Mapillai]]'' (1993).<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 July 2011 |title=Remake of ''Coolie No. 1'' a new film: David Dhawan |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/remake-of-coolie-no-1-a-new-film-david-dhawan/1567078 |access-date=29 November 2020 |website=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]] |quote=Initially, he thought of me as a kid and one day, called me out of the blue to ask if I had seen the Tamil film ''Chinna Mapillai'', and that we should remake it. |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228073426/https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/remake-of-coolie-no-1-a-new-film-david-dhawan/1567078 |url-status=live}}</ref> Other sources point the [[Telugu language|Telugu]] film ''[[Coolie No. 1 (1991 film)|Coolie No. 1]]'' (1991) as the original story.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Palat |first=Lakshana N. |date=12 August 2019 |title=Judwaa 2, Coolie No 1. Why is David Dhawan remaking his films? Are we back to the 90s? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/standpoint/story/judwaa-2-coolie-no-1-why-is-david-dhawan-remaking-his-films-are-we-back-to-the-90s-1580119-2019-08-12 |access-date=29 November 2020 |website=India Today |archive-date=8 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208015622/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/standpoint/story/judwaa-2-coolie-no-1-why-is-david-dhawan-remaking-his-films-are-we-back-to-the-90s-1580119-2019-08-12 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 December 2020 |title='Coolie No. 1' review: The same, only much worse |url=https://lifestyle.livemint.com//how-to-lounge/movies-tv/-coolie-no-1-review-the-same-only-much-worse-111608886796603.html |access-date=8 January 2021 |website=Mintlounge |language=en |archive-date=26 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226153601/https://lifestyle.livemint.com/how-to-lounge/movies-tv/-coolie-no-1-review-the-same-only-much-worse-111608886796603.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Karthik Keramulu of ''[[Film Companion]]'' notes that the ''Coolie No. 1'' (1995) was a remake of ''Chinna Mapillai'', but also took inspiration from ''Coolie No. 1'' (1991).<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 December 2020 |title=Prabhu, Venkatesh, Govinda, Shashi Kumar... Is Varun Dhawan Coolie No 1 or 5? |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/bollywood-features/prabhu-venkatesh-govinda-shashi-kumar-is-varun-dhawan-coolie-no-1-or-5/ |access-date=8 January 2021 |website=Film Companion |language=en-US |archive-date=9 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109081127/https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/bollywood-features/prabhu-venkatesh-govinda-shashi-kumar-is-varun-dhawan-coolie-no-1-or-5/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Principal photography ===
Filming began in [[Bangkok]] on 8 August 2019,<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 August 2019 |title=Coolie No. 1: Varun Dhawan, Sara Ali Khan's comedy goes on the floors in Thailand |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/coolie-no-1-varun-dhawan-sara-ali-khans-comedy-goes-on-the-floors-in-thailand-7125431.html |website=Firstpost |access-date=8 November 2020 |archive-date=28 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200828141447/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/coolie-no-1-varun-dhawan-sara-ali-khans-comedy-goes-on-the-floors-in-thailand-7125431.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Varun Dhawan and Sara Ali Khan's Coolie No 1 kicks off in Bangkok. Watch video |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/varun-dhawan-and-sara-ali-khan-s-coolie-no-1-kicks-off-in-bangkok-watch-video-1578195-2019-08-07 |website=India Today |date=7 August 2019 |language=en |access-date=8 November 2020 |archive-date=8 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808065958/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/varun-dhawan-and-sara-ali-khan-s-coolie-no-1-kicks-off-in-bangkok-watch-video-1578195-2019-08-07 |url-status=live}}</ref> and also took place [[Goa]], India.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Varun and David Dhawan are doing all things Goa on Coolie No 1 shoot. Ranveer Singh approves |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/varun-and-david-dhawan-are-doing-all-things-goa-on-coolie-no-1-shoot-ranveer-singh-approves-1648336-2020-02-20 |website=India Today |date=19 February 2020 |language=en |access-date=8 November 2020 |archive-date=28 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128132510/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/varun-and-david-dhawan-are-doing-all-things-goa-on-coolie-no-1-shoot-ranveer-singh-approves-1648336-2020-02-20 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2020 |title=Sara Ali Khan, Varun Dhawan Have a Blast as They Shoot for Coolie No 1 on Beach, Watch BTS Video |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/sara-ali-khan-varun-dhawan-have-a-blast-as-they-shoot-for-coolie-no-1-on-beach-watch-bts-video-2508061.html |website=News18 |language=en |access-date=8 November 2020 |archive-date=21 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221133415/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/sara-ali-khan-varun-dhawan-have-a-blast-as-they-shoot-for-coolie-no-1-on-beach-watch-bts-video-2508061.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The filming was completed on 23 February 2020 and was scheduled for release on 1 May 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2020 |title=Coolie No 1 wraps up: Varun Dhawan cuts a healthy cake, Sara Ali Khan bids Goa goodbye |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/coolie-no-1-wraps-up-varun-dhawan-cuts-a-healthy-cake-sara-ali-khan-bids-goa-goodbye/story-IhJ763ZkjbkYCVoZZ2pH2H.html |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |access-date=8 November 2020 |archive-date=24 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124132938/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/coolie-no-1-wraps-up-varun-dhawan-cuts-a-healthy-cake-sara-ali-khan-bids-goa-goodbye/story-IhJ763ZkjbkYCVoZZ2pH2H.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Coolie No 1: Varun Dhawan Wraps The Film And Celebrates It With Pancakes |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/coolie-no-1-varun-dhawan-wraps-the-film-and-celebrates-it-with-pancakes-2183669 |website=NDTV.com |date=21 February 2020 |access-date=8 November 2020 |archive-date=22 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022014808/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/coolie-no-1-varun-dhawan-wraps-the-film-and-celebrates-it-with-pancakes-2183669 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sara Ali Khan thanks Varun Dhawan after Coolie No 1 wrap: Will miss irritating you constantly |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/sara-ali-khan-thanks-varun-dhawan-after-coolie-no-1-wrap-will-miss-irritating-you-constantly-1649347-2020-02-24 |website=India Today |date=23 February 2020 |language=en |access-date=8 November 2020 |archive-date=11 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200311154105/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/sara-ali-khan-thanks-varun-dhawan-after-coolie-no-1-wrap-will-miss-irritating-you-constantly-1649347-2020-02-24 |url-status=live}}</ref> However, due to [[COVID-19 pandemic]] the film skipped the theatrical release and was streamed on [[Amazon Prime Video]] on 25 December 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 November 2020 |title=Varun Dhawan calls Joe Biden 'hamare naye dost' in his 'Coolie No 1' look |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-varun-dhawan-calls-joe-biden-hamare-naye-dost-in-his-coolie-no-1-look-2855151 |website=DNA India |language=en |access-date=8 November 2020 |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108082939/https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-varun-dhawan-calls-joe-biden-hamare-naye-dost-in-his-coolie-no-1-look-2855151 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Coolie No. 1
| type = soundtrack
| artist = [[Tanishk Bagchi]], [[Anand-Milind]], Lijo George – DJ Chetas, [[Javed - Mohsin|Javed – Mohsin]] and [[Salim–Sulaiman]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 22 December 2020<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/coolie-no.-1/OLYyVIsUDXk_ |title=Coolie No. 1 – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack |date=22 December 2020 |publisher=Jiosaavn |access-date=22 December 2020 |archive-date=22 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201222133543/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/coolie-no.-1/OLYyVIsUDXk_ |url-status=live}}</ref>
| recorded = 2019–2020
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 21:57
| language = Hindi
| label = [[Zee Music Company]] (All Songs) [[Tips Music]] (Husnn Hai Suhaana & Mirchi Lagi Toh)
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
| misc = {{external music video| header = Official audio
|{{YouTube|7DqLdw1LVuw|Coolie No. 1 - Full Album}}
}}}}

The music of the film was composed by [[Tanishk Bagchi]], Lijo George – DJ Chetas, [[Javed - Mohsin|Javed – Mohsin]] and [[Salim–Sulaiman]] while the lyrics were written by [[Sameer Anjaan]], [[Rashmi Virag]], [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]], Danish Sabri, [[Ikka Singh|Ikka]] and [[Farhad Samji]].

Two of the songs from the ''[[Coolie No. 1 (1995 film)|Coolie No. 1]]'' (1995) - "Husn Hai Suhana" and "Main Toh Raste Se Jaa Raha Tha", originally composed by [[Anand–Milind|Anand-Milind]] and written by [[Sameer Anjaan|Sameer]] were recreated for the film with the original vocals and singers being retained.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 August 2019 |title=Coolie No 1: Motion poster of David Dhawan's remake, starring Varun Dhawan, Sara Ali Khan, unveiled |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/coolie-no-1-motion-poster-of-david-dhawans-remake-starring-varun-dhawan-sara-ali-khan-unveiled-7144301.html |website=Firstpost |access-date=15 August 2019 |archive-date=31 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031142129/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/coolie-no-1-motion-poster-of-david-dhawans-remake-starring-varun-dhawan-sara-ali-khan-unveiled-7144301.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=David Dhawan's Wife and Varun Dhawan's Mom Karuna Launches 'Coolie No. 1' |url=https://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/david-dhawan-s-wife-and-varun-dhawan-s-mom-karuna/article_bbdf1914-bd1b-11e9-8e29-17e475397b2a.html |access-date=15 August 2019 |archive-date=13 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190813123353/https://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/david-dhawan-s-wife-and-varun-dhawan-s-mom-karuna/article_bbdf1914-bd1b-11e9-8e29-17e475397b2a.html |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title='Coolie No. 1' remake: Makers to recreate 'Main Toh Raste Se Jaa Raha Tha' and 'Husn Hai Suhana' songs for the film |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/photo-features/remakes-to-look-forward-to-in-the-coming-months/coolie-no-1-remake-makers-to-recreate-main-toh-raste-se-jaa-raha-tha-and-husn-hai-suhana-songs-for-the-film/photostory/68901463.cms |access-date=6 September 2023 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=3 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603161546/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/photo-features/remakes-to-look-forward-to-in-the-coming-months/coolie-no-1-remake-makers-to-recreate-main-toh-raste-se-jaa-raha-tha-and-husn-hai-suhana-songs-for-the-film/photostory/68901463.cms |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{Tracklist
| headline = Track listing
| total_length = 21:57
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Teri Bhabhi
| extra1 = [[Dev Negi]], [[Neha Kakkar]], Javed–Mohsin
| music1 = [[Javed - Mohsin|Javed – Mohsin]]
| lyrics1 = Danish Sabri
| length1 = 3:22
| title2 = Husnn Hai Suhaana New
| extra2 = [[Chandana Dixit]], [[Abhijeet Bhattacharya]]
| music2 = [[Tanishk Bagchi]]
| lyrics2 = [[Sameer Anjaan]]
| length2 = 4:27
| title3 = Mummy Kassam
| extra3 = [[Udit Narayan]], [[Ikka Singh|Ikka]], [[Monali Thakur]]
| music3 = Tanishk Bagchi
| lyrics3 = [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]], Ikka
| length3 = 3:32
| title4 = Mirchi Lagi Toh New
| extra4 = [[Kumar Sanu]], [[Alka Yagnik]]
| music4 = Lijo George – DJ Chetas
| lyrics4 = Sameer Anjaan
| length4 = 5:22
| title5 = Tere Siva
| extra5 = Renessa Das, [[Ash King]]
| music5 = Tanishk Bagchi
| lyrics5 = [[Rashmi Virag]]
| length5 = 3:07
| title6 = Coolie No. 1
| note6 = Title Track
| extra6 = Raj Pandit
| music6 = [[Salim–Sulaiman]]
| lyrics6 = [[Farhad Samji]]
| length6 = 2:07
}}

== Release ==
The film was set to be theatrically released in India on 1 May 2020, but was postponed due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref name="indiatoday.in"/>

But as the pandemic refused to slow down, the film was released directly on [[Amazon Prime Video]] on 25 December 2020, coinciding with Christmas.<ref name=rd />

== Reception ==
The film was panned by critics, who rejected its irritative performances, loose writing, stale humor, and some unrealistic situations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2021 |title=Despite negative reviews, Varun Dhawan's Coolie No 1 creates viewership record on Amazon Prime |url=https://english.lokmat.com/entertainment/despite-negative-reviews-varun-dhawans-coolie-no-1-creates-viewership-record-on-amazon-prime/ |url-status=live |access-date=12 April 2021 |website=Lokmat English |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119154352/https://english.lokmat.com/entertainment/despite-negative-reviews-varun-dhawans-coolie-no-1-creates-viewership-record-on-amazon-prime/ |archive-date=19 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author= |date=26 December 2020 |title=Coolie No 1 actor Shikha Talsania defends film against negative reviews, says viewers can choose what they want to watch |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/coolie-no-1-actor-shikha-talsania-defends-film-against-negative-reviews-says-viewers-can-choose-what-they-want-to-watch/story-zPRKJn0agpLAWxIVKEjGAN.html |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=23 September 2024 |archive-date=25 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325053841/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/coolie-no-1-actor-shikha-talsania-defends-film-against-negative-reviews-says-viewers-can-choose-what-they-want-to-watch/story-zPRKJn0agpLAWxIVKEjGAN.html |url-status=live}}</ref> {{Rotten Tomatoes prose|score=0|count=8|average=2.7|consensus= |ref=yes |access-date=23 September 2024}} [[Shubhra Gupta]] of ''[[Indian Express]]'' rated it 1 out of 5 stars, calling it a "zero wit, no flair".<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 December 2020 |title=Coolie No 1 review: Zero wit, no flair |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/coolie-no-1-review-zero-wit-no-flair-varun-dhawan-sara-ali-khan-7119374/ |access-date=25 December 2020 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=25 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225093848/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/coolie-no-1-review-zero-wit-no-flair-varun-dhawan-sara-ali-khan-7119374/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Writing for ''[[Film Companion]]'', [[Anupama Chopra]] called the film "offensive and unfunny".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chopra |first=Anupama |date=25 December 2020 |title=Coolie No 1 Starring Varun Dhawan And Sara Ali Khan Is Offensive And Unfunny |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/reviews/bollywood-review/coolie-no-1-review-varun-dhawan-offensive-and-unfunny-sara-ali-khan-amazon-prime-video-anupama-chopra/ |access-date=25 December 2020 |website=Film Companion |language=en-US |archive-date=25 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225061458/https://www.filmcompanion.in/reviews/bollywood-review/coolie-no-1-review-varun-dhawan-offensive-and-unfunny-sara-ali-khan-amazon-prime-video-anupama-chopra/ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Hindustan Times]] rated the film 1/5 stars and called the film limp spoof of the original.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 December 2020 |title=Coolie No 1 movie review: Varun Dhawan, Sara Ali Khan's film is limp spoof of the original. |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/coolie-no-1-movie-review-varun-dhawan-sara-ali-khan-film-is-limp-spoof-of-original-where-even-covid-19-is-reduced-to-a-poor-joke/story-bZIYdLAX0S916EGZE0SizL.html |access-date=25 December 2020 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=25 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225133238/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/coolie-no-1-movie-review-varun-dhawan-sara-ali-khan-film-is-limp-spoof-of-original-where-even-covid-19-is-reduced-to-a-poor-joke/story-bZIYdLAX0S916EGZE0SizL.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Taran Adarsh]] of [[Bollywood Hungama]] rated it 3.5/5 stars, calling it funny and entertaining.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hungama |first=Bollywood |title=Coolie No.1 Review 3.5/5 : Varun Dhawan & Sara Ali Khan's COOLIE NO. 1 is atypical David Dhawan entertainer — crazy, outrageous and over the top — but funny and entertaining. |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=25 December 2020 |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/coolie-no-1-2/critic-review/coolie-no-1-2-movie-review/ |access-date=25 December 2020 |language=en |archive-date=25 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225051022/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/coolie-no-1-2/critic-review/coolie-no-1-2-movie-review/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of films with a 0% rating on Rotten Tomatoes]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Bollywood Hungama movie|coolie-no-1-2}}

{{David Dhawan}}

[[Category:2020 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2020 comedy films]]
[[Category:2020 films]]
[[Category:Hindi-language comedy films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:Hindi remakes of Tamil films]]
[[Category:Remakes of Indian films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Bangkok]]
[[Category:Films postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic]]
[[Category:Films not released in theaters due to the COVID-19 pandemic]]
[[Category:Amazon Prime Video original films]]
[[Category:Indian films with live action and animation]]
[[Category:Films directed by David Dhawan]]
[[Category:Cross-dressing in Indian films]]

1969 elections in India

2026-02-27T21:35:00Z

Tyrone73H144: small reworked article and improved wording

{{Short description|none}} 
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = Elections in India
| country = India
| previous_election = 1968 elections in India
| previous_year = 1968
| election_date = 1969
| next_election = 1970 elections in India
| next_year = 1970
}}
{{Politics of India}}
'''Elections in the Republic of India''' in ''1969'' included elections to six state legislative assemblies and to seats in the [[Rajya Sabha]].

==Legislative Assembly elections==
1969 elections in India

===[[Bihar]]===
{{Main|1969 Bihar Legislative Assembly election}}
{{Election results
|party1=[[Indian National Congress]]|votes1=4570413|seats1=118|sc1=
|party2=[[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]]|votes2=2345780|seats2=34|sc2=
|party3=[[Samyukta Socialist Party]]|votes3=2052274|seats3=52|sc3=
|party4=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes4=1515105|seats4=25|sc4=
|party5=[[Praja Socialist Party]]|votes5=846563|seats5=18|sc5=
|party6=Loktantrik Congress Dal|votes6=573344|seats6=9|sc6=
|party7=Shoshit Dal|votes7=552764|seats7=6|sc7=
|party8=[[Janata Party]]|votes8=501010|seats8=14|sc8=
|party9=[[Bharatiya Kranti Dal]]|votes9=301010|seats9=6|sc9=
|party10=[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]|votes10=187541|seats10=3|sc10=
|party11=[[Swatantra Party]]|votes11=130638|seats11=3|sc11=
|party12=[[Bihar Prant Hul Jharkhand]]|votes12=56506|seats12=5|sc12=
|party13=Backward Classes Party of India|votes13=38995|seats13=0|sc13=
|party14=Proutist Bloc of India|votes14=29675|seats14=0|sc14=
|party15=[[Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)|Socialist Unity Centre of India]]|votes15=26259|seats15=0|sc15=
|party16=[[All India Forward Bloc]]|votes16=17452|seats16=1|sc16=
|party17=[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]|votes17=6310|seats17=0|sc17=
|party18=[[Republican Party of India]]|votes18=5057|seats18=0|sc18=
|party19=[[Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha]]|votes19=2161|seats19=0|sc19=
|party20=Bihar Prantiya Sudharavadi Party|votes20=855|seats20=0|sc20=
|party21=[[Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad]]|votes21=811|seats21=0|sc21=
|party22=Independents|votes22=1243106|seats22=24|sc22=
|invalid=451530
|electorate=29274251
|source=[https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3890-bihar-1969/ ECI]
}}

===[[Nagaland]]===
{{Main|1969 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election}}
{{Election results
|image=[[File:India Nagaland Legislative Assembly 1969.svg]]
|party1=[[Nagaland Nationalist Organisation]]|votes1=53507|seats1=22|sc1=New
|party2=[[United Front of Nagaland]]|votes2=30109|seats2=10|sc2=New
|party3=Independents|votes3=54783|seats3=8|sc3=–32
|total_sc=0
|invalid=259
|electorate=176931
|source=ECI<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3633-nagaland-1969/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1969 to the Legislative Assembly of Nagaland |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date= 15 August 2021}}</ref>
}}

===[[Puducherry (union territory)|Pondicherry]]===
{{Main|1969 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election}}
{{Election results
|image=[[File:India Puducherry Legislative Assembly 1969.svg]]
|party1=[[Indian National Congress]]|votes1=78052|seats1=10|sc1={{decrease}}12
|party2=[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]|votes2=61717|seats2=15|sc2=New
|party3=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes3=23115|seats3=3|sc3=New
|party21=Independents|votes21=20250|seats21=2|sc21={{decrease}}2
|total_sc=0
|invalid=3497
|electorate=228754
|source=ECI<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3423-puducherry-1969/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1969 to the Legislative Assembly of Pondicherry |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 July 2022}}</ref>
}}

===[[Punjab, India|Punjab]]===
{{Main|1969 Punjab Legislative Assembly election}}
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
!colspan=7|Result of Punjab Legislative Assembly election 1969<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in//punjab/assembly-constituencies/1969-election-results.html|title=List of Polling Booth For Punjab Lok Sabha Elections 1969|website=www.elections.in}}</ref>
|-
!colspan=2|Party
!contested
!Seats won
!change in seats
!popular vote
!%
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}"|
|align=left|[[Shiromani Akali Dal]]
|65
|43
|{{increase}} 43
|13,81,916
|29.36
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|align=left|[[Indian National Congress]]
|103
|38
|{{decrease}} 10
|18,44,360
|39.18
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Jana Sangh}}"|
|align=left| [[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]]
|30
|8
|{{decrease}} 1
|4,24,008
|9.01
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India}}"|
|align=left|[[Communist Party of India]]
|28
|4
|{{decrease}} 1
|2,27,600
|4.84
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"|
|align=left|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|10
|2
|{{decrease}} 1
|1,44,610
|3.07
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Socialist Party (India)}}"|
|align=left| [[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|Socialist Party]]
|7
|2
|{{increase}} 1
|39,109
|0.83
|-
|bgcolor="darkred"|
|align=left|[[Punjab Janta Party]]
|16
|1
|{{increase}} 1
|79,269
|1.68
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}"|
|align=left|[[Praja Socialist Party]]
|3
|1
|{{increase}} 1
|23,617
|0.50
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Swatantra Party}}"|
|align=left|[[Swatantra Party]]
|6
|1
|{{increase}} 1
|43,006
|0.91
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}"|
|align=left| [[Independent politician|Independents]]
|160
|4
|{{decrease}} 5
|4,18,232
|8.89
|-
|
|Others
|43
|0
|
|81,359
|1.72
|-
!colspan=2 align=left|Total
!471
!104
!
!47,07,086
!
|}

===[[Uttar Pradesh]]===
{{Main|1969 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election}}
{{Election results
|image=[[File:India Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly 1969.svg]]
|party1=[[Indian National Congress]]|votes1=7893152|seats1=211|sc1=+12
|party2=[[Bharatiya Kranti Dal]]|votes2=4989116|seats2=98|sc2=New
|party3=[[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]]|votes3=4200175|seats3=49|sc3=–49
|party4=[[Samyukta Socialist Party]]|votes4=1831345|seats4=33|sc4=–11
|party5=[[Republican Party of India]]|votes5=815964|seats5=1|sc5=–9
|party6=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes6=715092|seats6=4|sc6=–9
|party7=[[Praja Socialist Party]]|votes7=401999|seats7=3|sc7=–8
|party8=[[Swatantra Party]]|votes8=293781|seats8=5|sc8=–7
|party9=[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]|votes9=114616|seats9=1|sc9=0
|party10=Uttar Pradesh Kisan Mazdoor Party|votes10=112552|seats10=1|sc10=New
|party11=[[Hindu Mahasabha]]|votes11=67807|seats11=1|sc11=New
|party12=Others|votes12=333068|seats12=0|sc12=
|party21=Independents|votes21=1661887|seats21=18|sc21=–19
|total_sc=0
|invalid=794232
|electorate=44812431
|source=ECI<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3247-uttar-pradesh-1969/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1969 to the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=16 January 2022}}</ref>
}}

===[[West Bengal]]===
{{Main|1969 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election}}
{{Election results
|image=[[File:India West Bengal Legislative Assembly 1969.svg]]
|party1=[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]|votes1=2676981|seats1=80|sc1= {{increase}} 37
|party2=[[Indian National Congress]]|votes2=5538622|seats2=55|sc2= {{decrease}} 72
|party3=[[Bangla Congress]]|votes3=1094654|seats3=33|sc3= {{decrease}} 1
|party4=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes4=938472|seats4=30|sc4= {{increase}} 14
|party5=[[All India Forward Bloc]]|votes5=671664|seats5=21|sc5= {{increase}} 8
|party6=[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)]]|votes6=375983|seats6=12|sc6= {{increase}} 6
|party7=[[Samyukta Socialist Party]]|votes7=249362|seats7=9|sc7= {{increase}} 2
|party8=[[Socialist Unity Centre of India]]|votes8=202721|seats8=7|sc8= {{increase}} 3
|party9=[[Praja Socialist Party]]|votes9=175890|seats9=5|sc9= {{decrease}} 2
|party10=[[Lok Sewak Sangh]]|votes10=99844|seats10=4|sc10= NA
|party11=[[Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League]]|votes11=71665|seats11=4|sc11= NA
|party12=[[Progressive Muslim League (West Bengal)]]|votes12=208574|seats12=3|sc12= NA
|party13=[[Revolutionary Communist Party of India]]|votes13=51181|seats13=2|sc13= NA
|party14=[[Workers Party of India]]|votes14=47391|seats14=2|sc14= NA
|party15=[[Indian National Democratic Front]]|votes15=118650|seats15=1|sc15= NA
|party16=[[Marxist Forward Bloc]]|votes16=27143|seats16=1|sc16= NA
|party20=Others|votes20=374421|seats20=0|sc20=0
|party21=Independents|votes21=481092|seats21=11|sc21= {{decrease}} 20
|total_sc=0
|invalid=353762
|electorate=20685110
|source=ECI<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3185-west-bengal-1969/ |title=West Bengal Legislative Assembly Election, 1969 |date=14 August 2018 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=24 February 2023}}</ref>
}}

==Rajya Sabha==
{{Main|1969 Indian Rajya Sabha elections}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}
* {{cite web |url=https://eci.gov.in/statistical-report/statistical-reports/ |title=Election Results - Full Statistical Reports |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]}}

{{Indian elections}}
{{Legislatures of India}}

[[Category:1969 elections in India]]
[[Category:1969 elections in Asia|India]]
[[Category:1969 in India]]
[[Category:Elections in India by year]]

M. M. Murugappan

2026-02-26T06:55:37Z

Tyrone73H144: basic added article as per guidelines and cleaned formatting

{{Short description|Indian businessman}}
'''M. M. Murugappan''' is a fourth-generation member of the [[Murugappa family]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businesstoday.in/magazine/features/how-gen-5-is-reimagining-the-117-year-old-murugappa-group/story/253135.html|title=How Gen 5 is reimagining the 117-year-old Murugappa Group|website=www.businesstoday.in|date=27 May 2017 |access-date=2018-03-26}}</ref> and the former chairman of the [[Murugappa Group]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Narashimhan |date=2020 |title=M M Murugappan steps down as chairman of 3 Murugappa group firms |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/vellayan-subbiah-to-take-over-the-reins-of-rs-38-000-cr-murugappa-group-120111100786_1.html}}</ref>

==Biography==

He is the current chairman of the [[Carborundum Universal]] Ltd,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Management |url=https://www.cumi-murugappa.com/management/ |access-date=2024-01-09 |website=CUMI |language=en-US}}</ref> Cholamandalam MS General Insurance Company Limited,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Get to Know Us |url=https://www.cholainsurance.com/about-us}}</ref> Murugappa Water & Technology Solutions and trustee of the AMM foundation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AMM Foundation - About Us - Management |url=http://www.ammfoundation.org/AU_Management.html |access-date=2018-03-26 |website=www.ammfoundation.org}}</ref> He also serves as the Correspondent of the Murugappa Polytechnic College<ref>{{Cite web |title=Murugappa Polytechnic - Governing Council |url=http://www.murugappapoly.ac.in/Abt_GoverningCouncil.html |access-date=2018-03-26 |website=www.murugappapoly.ac.in}}</ref> and on the board of [[IIT Madras|IIT Madras-Research Park]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=IIT Madras Research Park: Board of Directors |url=http://respark.iitm.ac.in/about_us/board_of_directors.php |access-date=2018-03-26 |website=respark.iitm.ac.in |language=en}}</ref> Murugappan is a non-executive chairman on the board of [[Cyient]] Ltd. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Inc |first=Cyient |title=MM Murugappan {{!}} Cyient |url=https://www.cyient.com/board-of-directors/mm-murugappan |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=www.cyient.com |language=en}}</ref> He retired from the board of [[Mahindra & Mahindra|Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd]] in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Board of Directors at Mahindra Rise |url=https://www.mahindra.com/investors/board-of-directors |access-date=2018-03-26 |website=www.mahindra.com}}</ref> He also serves as an Independent Director of Carson Cumberbatch, Sri Lanka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Board of Directors |url=https://www.carsoncumberbatch.com/about_us/board_of_directors.php |access-date=November 17, 2023}}</ref> In 2022, he was appointed the chairman of the board of governors of IIM Indore (Indian Institute of Management) for a four-year term.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MP: Murugappan appointed as chairman of IIM Indore |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/indore/mp-murugappan-appointed-as-chairman-of-iim-indore |access-date=2023-10-18 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref>

He studied in [[Lawrence School, Lovedale|The Lawrence School, Lovedale]] and has a Bachelor's in Chemical Engineering from the [[Alagappa College of Technology|AC College of Technology]], [[University of Madras]], and a [[Master of Science]] Degree in Chemical Engineering from the [[University of Michigan]], [[United States]]. He is a member of the American and Indian Institutes of Chemical Engineers, the Indian Ceramic Society and the Plastics and Rubber Institute.<ref>{{cite news |last1=T E |first1=Narasimhan |date=5 February 2018 |title=Murugappa Group appoints M M Murugappan as exec chairman, succeeds Vellayan |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/murugappa-group-appoints-m-m-murugappan-as-exec-chairman-succeeds-vellayan-118020500927_1.html |work=[[Business Standard]]}}</ref> In December 2019, M. M. Murugappan was awarded a Lifetime Achievement award by the Vikatan Group for his contributions to the industry.<ref>{{Cite web |title=M M Murugappan honoured with Lifetime Achievement award for his contribution to industry |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/business/2019/dec/06/m-m-murugappan-honoured-with-lifetime-achievement-award-for-his-contribution-to-industry-2072448.html |access-date=2023-10-18 |website=The New Indian Express|date=6 December 2019}}</ref> He was also awarded the Lifetime Achievement award at TiECON Chennai 2022.<ref>{{cite web |title=iECON Chennai 2022: MM Murugappan honoured with Lifetime Achievement award. |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/tiecon-chennai-2022-mm-murugappan-honoured-with-lifetime-achievement-award/article65981907.ece |access-date=January 24, 2023 |website=thehindubusinessline|date=7 October 2022}} </ref>

He is also the former chairman and director of Murugappa Group companies [[Tube Investments of India Limited|Tube Investments of India]] (TII), Coromandel International Ltd, and [[Cholamandalam Investment and Finance Company]].<ref name=":0" /> In 2018, in an interview with Business Standard, he mentioned how ancient Chinese writings and John Heider's book ''The Tao of Leadership'' influenced his ‘simple’ leadership style.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Narasimhan |last2=Babu |date=December 14, 2018 |title=What Murugappa Group's chief learned from the Tao of Leadership |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/what-murugappan-group-s-chief-learned-from-the-tao-of-leadership-118121401206_1.html}}</ref>

In August 2019, at the CEO Awards 2019 ceremony, M. M. Murugappan bagged the “Boundary Breaker” award, given to “an extraordinary individual of Indian origin running an Indian company with a global presence while delivering superior performance”.<ref>{{Citation |title=The Boundary Breaker: MM Murugappan, Executive Chairman, Murugappa Group | date=13 August 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gj39p8zllgA |access-date=2023-11-09 |language=en}}</ref>

An avid hockey enthusiast, Murugappan ensures the continued legacy of the MCC-Murugappa Gold Cup national-level hockey tournament that has taken place in Chennai for more than 9 decades. <ref>Murugappa Group. (2018, September 18). ''Mr. M.M. Murugappan on the tournament'' [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QVnoiVJMy08 </ref>

Murugappan currently resides in Chennai, India.

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Murugappan, M. M.}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century births]]
[[Category:Indian billionaires]]
[[Category:University of Michigan College of Engineering alumni]]
[[Category:Murugappa family]]

Siya Malasi

2026-02-23T16:03:43Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating some post with sources

{{short description|Indian model and actress}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Siya Malasi
| image = 
| alt = 
| caption =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = 
| birth_place =
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| other_names =
| occupation = {{hlist|Actress|model}}
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
}}
'''Siya Malasi''' is an Indian actress and model. She was a contestant in the second season of ''[[MTV Supermodel of the Year]]'' in 2021. In 2023, she portrayed the character Chandi in the Hindi-language action crime drama ''[[Rana Naidu]]''. Later that year, she starred in the debut commercial for [[Tata Starbucks]]'s #ItStartsWithYourName campaign, which went [[viral video|viral]] on [[Facebook]] and [[Twitter]], receiving over 12 million views and leading some people to call for a boycott of Starbucks.

== Biography ==
In 2021, Malasi was a contestant on the second season of the Indian reality television competition show ''[[MTV Supermodel of the Year]]'', where she placed tenth.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Winters |first=Bryce J. |date=2021-10-22 |title=Supermodel of the year season 2 winner: Roshni Dada is the winner of Supermodel of the year season 2 |url=https://thenewscrunch.com/supermodel-of-the-year-season-2-winner-roshni-dada-is-the-winner-of-supermodel-of-the-year-season-2/39600/ |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=TheNewsCrunch |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Digital Desk |first=Northeast Live |date=2021-10-24 |title=MTV Supermodel: Arunachal's Roshni Dada Wins, Sikkim's Eksha Runner Up |url=https://northeastlivetv.com/topnews/mtv-supermodel-arunachals-roshni-dada-wins-sikkims-eksha-runner-up/ |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=Northeast Live |language=en-US}}</ref> While competing on the series, she talked openly about [[coming out]] as a transgender woman.<ref name="in">{{Cite web |last=Sahu |first=Sushri |date=2021-10-05 |title=MTV Supermodel of The Year Fame Siya Malasi On How Inclusive Fashion Is And Her Experience As A Trans Woman |url=https://in.mashable.com/culture/25151/mtv-supermodel-of-the-year-fame-siya-malasi-on-how-inclusive-fashion-is-and-her-experience-as-a-tran |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=Mashable India |language=en-in}}</ref> Malasi continues to work as model, and appeared in a haircare campaign for ''Tweak India''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chawla |first=Trisha |date=2019-11-08 |title=5 unholy habits causing hair damage when you least expect it |url=https://tweakindia.com/beauty/hair/5-unholy-habits-causing-hair-damage/ |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=Tweak India |language=en-US}}</ref>

As an actress, Malasi has appeared in television series and commercials. In 2023, she played Chandi in the Indian Hindi action crime drama ''[[Rana Naidu]]''.<ref name="news18">{{Cite web |date=2023-03-27 |title=Gaurav Chopra Opens Up on Doing Sex Scene With Trans Actor in Rana Naidu, Says 'It Was Bold...' {{!}} Exclusive |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/gaurav-chopra-opens-up-on-sexually-explicit-scene-with-trans-actor-in-rana-naidu-says-it-was-bold-7392715.html |access-date=2023-06-01 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> In March 2023, Malasi portrayed Arpita, a transgender woman meeting with her parents in a coffee shop, in a [[Pride Month]] commercial for [[Tata Starbucks|Starbucks]], which launched the company's campaign titled #ItStartsWithYourName.<ref name="post">{{Cite news |last1=Suliman |first1=Adela |last2=Hassan |first2=Jennifer |title=Why a Starbucks ad on trans rights sparked joy and fury in India |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/05/20/starbucks-india-transgender-ad/ |access-date=1 June 2023}}</ref> The commercial went [[viral video|viral]] and was received over twelve million views on [[Facebook]] and [[Twitter]].<ref name= post/> The campaign caused debate on social media platforms, with some calling for a boycott of Starbucks and other's celebrating the company's LGBTQ inclusivity.<ref name= post/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|id=nm14641203}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Malasi, Siya}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian LGBTQ people]]
[[Category:Actresses from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi television]]
[[Category:Actresses from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Female models from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Female models from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian transgender actresses]]
[[Category:Participants in Indian reality television series]]
[[Category:Transgender female models]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

B.D.Memorial International

2026-02-22T03:41:07Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating New Info!

{{Short description|Private English Medium Co-ed School in Kolkata}}
{{distinguish|Braddock Dunn & McDonald}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox school
| name = B.D.Memorial International
| logo =
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| motto =
| location = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]]
| country = [[India]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|22.44916888|N|.388906|E|region:IND_type:edu|display=inline,title}}
| other_names = BDMI, B.D.Memorial International
| religious_affiliation =
| established = {{Start date|1966|||df=y}}
| opened =
| closed =
| type = [[Private school|Private]]
| school_board = [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]]
| district =
| grades = Toddler to 12
| founder = Draupadi Devi Khaitan & Shri G.N. Khaitan
| chairman = Shailesh Khaitan
| principal = Ms. Madhumita Sengupta
| headmistress =
| head =
| gender = [[Co-ed]]
| enrollment =
| faculty =
| campus_type = Urban
| team_name =
| newspaper =
| colours = Navy blue, gold and white
| song = '''We are the students of BDM International'''
| communities =
| feeder_schools =
| website = {{URL|https://www.bdmi.org}}
| footnotes =
| affiliation = [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]]
}}

'''B.D.M International''' (formerly Bhagawati Devi Memorial Institute) is an institute affiliated with the CBSE board in Pratapgarh, [[Rajpur Sonarpur]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bdmi.org/|title=Best CBSE School South Kolkata {{!}} English Medium School Kolkata |website=BDMI|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-10}}</ref> It has over 10,000 students. The school is [[English medium education|English medium]] with [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and [[Hindi]] being taught as [[vernacular]]s.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Primary schools in West Bengal]]
[[Category:High schools and secondary schools in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Schools in South 24 Parganas district]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1966]]
[[Category:1966 establishments in West Bengal]]

{{WestBengal-school-stub}}

Kongunadu Munnetra Kazhagam

2026-02-19T12:40:04Z

Tyrone73H144:

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox Indian Political Party
|party_name = Kongunadu Munnetra Kazhagam
|party_logo =
|leader = [[Best Ramasamy|Best .S.Ramasamy Gounder]]
|foundation = 15 February 2009
|ideology = [[Indigenism]] [[Social conservatism]]
|position = [[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]]
|headquarters = [[Coimbatore]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
|colorcode = {{party color|Kongunadu Munnetra Kazhagam}}
|website = https://www.kongunadumunnetrakazhagam.com/
|party_flag = [[File:Flag of Kongunadu.svg|200px]]
|alliance= [[Democratic Progressive Alliance|DPA]] (2011,2014-2019) [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP+]] (2011) [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|AIADMK+]] (2019-present)
|eci=registered Unrecognised Party}}
'''Kongunadu Munnetra Kazhagam''' (KMK) is a caste based political party representing the [[Kongu Vellala Gounders]], a [[Backward Caste|backward caste]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. The party's vote base is mainly concentrated in the [[Kongu Nadu]] region of Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=VIJAYABASKAR|first1=M|last2=WYATT|first2=ANDREW|date=2013|title=Economic Change, Politics and Caste: The Case of the Kongu Nadu Munnetra Kazhagam|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23528935|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|volume=48|issue=48|pages=103–111|jstor=23528935|issn=0012-9976}}</ref>

== Origins and platform ==
The party launched in the name of "Kongunadu Munnetra Peravai" but later its leaders adopted the already registered name of "Kongunadu Munnetra Kazhagam". It was launched in 2009 at [[Coimbatore]] by the Kongu Vellala Goundergal Peravai, a [[Gounder]] [[Caste system in India|caste]] organisation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dinamalar.com/Political_detail.asp?news_id=7103|title=Latest Tamilnadu, Indian Political News, Headlines, Information Online|website=[[Dinamalar]]}}</ref> Although the party was launched by a Gounder organisation,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/04/10/stories/2009041055640700.htm|title=The Hindu : Tamil Nadu / Coimbatore News : Beginning with message of conservation|date=8 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108111628/http://www.hindu.com/2009/04/10/stories/2009041055640700.htm|archive-date=8 November 2012}}</ref> the party's founder Best Ramasamy dismissed that the party was only for the cause of Kongu Velala Gounders and said that his party will work for the cause of western Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/04/29/stories/2009042959840300.htm|title=The Hindu : Tamil Nadu / Coimbatore News : KMP to work for progressive Western Tamil Nadu|date=8 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108111647/http://www.hindu.com/2009/04/29/stories/2009042959840300.htm|archive-date=8 November 2012}}</ref> The party also claims that it will work for development of the [[Kongu Nadu|Kongu]] region.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/web/meet-best-ramasamy-from-tirupur-tamil-nadus-new-political-entrepreneur/|title=Meet 'Best' Ramasamy from Tirupur, Tamil Nadu's new political entrepreneur|date=7 May 2009}}</ref>

== 2009 Lok Sabha election ==
The party contested in 12 constituencies independently (without alliance) in the 2009 Lok Sabha elections and polled around 6 lakhs (600,000) votes in the Kongu region.<ref name=autogenerated1>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Gounder-consolidation-could-pose-headache-to-major-parties/articleshow/4557663.cms|title=Gounder consolidation could pose headache to major parties - Times Of India|date=4 November 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104013919/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-21/chennai/28179309_1_poll-observers-assembly-polls-poll-eve|archive-date=4 November 2012}}</ref> Although the party was not able to win any seat still it was considered as a good show by political observers as the party was started only 4 months before the elections. The party mainly contributed for the defeat of all [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] - [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (DMK) alliance candidates in the Kongu region of Tamil Nadu.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite web|last1=Prasad|first1=Ayyappa|date=26 November 2010|title=DMK bid to wrest Kongunadu|url=http://truthdive.com/2010/11/26/dmk-bid-to-wrest-kongunadu.html|url-status=usurped|publisher=Kalugu Media|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320015451/http://truthdive.com/2010/11/26/dmk-bid-to-wrest-kongunadu.html|archivedate=2011-03-20}}</ref> The party came third in many constituencies ahead of [[Vijayakanth]]'s [[Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam]].<ref name=autogenerated1 />

== 2011 Assembly election ==
In the 2011 Tamil Nadu Assembly elections, KMK joined hands with DMK and contested 7 seats. It lost in all the 7 seats and in [[Local body elections in Tamil Nadu|local body elections]], the party allied with the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP).<ref>[https://archive.today/20120707230830/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-09-26/coimbatore/30203523_1_bjp-ties-gounder-community-parties BJP ties up with KMK for forthcoming polls]</ref>

== Election history ==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year || Election || Votes polled || Seats contested || Seats won || Alliance with
|-
| 2009 || [[2009 Indian general election]] || 5,79,704 || 12 || 0 || --
|-
| 2011 || [[2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]] || 3,70,044 || 7 || 0 || [[United Progressive Alliance]]
|}

==See also==
* [[Kongu Nadu Statehood movement]]
== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.knmkparty.com}}

{{Indian political parties}}

[[Category:Political parties in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 2009]]
[[Category:2009 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Coimbatore]]

Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex

2026-02-17T10:05:05Z

Tyrone73H144: updated

{{short description|Birth place of Hindu god Krishna in Mathura, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox religious building
| name = Krishna Janmasthan Temple Complex
| image = Mathura Temple-Mathura-India0002.JPG
| alt = Katra Keshav Dev Temple
| caption = Front view of Keshavdeva Temple
| map_type = India Uttar Pradesh
| map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh
| coordinates = {{coord|27.504748|77.669754|type:landmark_region:IN-UP|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| religious_affiliation = [[Hinduism]]
| locale = Mallapura
| location = [[Mathura]]
| deity = {{bulleted list|[[Krishna|Keshavdeva]] (Keshavdeva temple)|[[Radha Krishna]] (Bhagvata Bhavan)}}
| tradition = [[Vaishnavism]]
| festival = [[Krishna Janmashtami]]
| district = [[Mathura district]]
| state = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| region = [[Braj]]
| country = India
| consecration_year = 1958 CE (modern temple)
| functional_status = Active
| funded_by = [[Dalmia Group|Dalmia]] and [[Birla family]]
| groundbreaking = 1953 (modern temple)
| year_completed = 1982
| temple_quantity = Three
}}

'''Krishna Janmasthan Temple''' is a [[Hindu temple]] situated in [[Mathura]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]. There are three main temples inside the premises -- ''Keshavdev'' ''temple'' which is dedicated to [[Krishna]], ''Garbh Griha'' where Krishna is believed to be born in [[Dvapara Yuga|Dvapar Yuga]] and ''Bhagvata Bhavan'' where presiding deities are [[Radha Krishna]].<ref name=":4">{{cite book|title=Tattvāloka|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PTUKAQAAMAAJ|volume=30|year=2007|publisher=Sri Abhinava Vidyatheertha Educational Trust|page=20}}</ref><ref name="Vemsani" /><ref name="Scr" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name="TH1">{{Cite news|date=2020-10-16|title=Mathura court admits plea to remove mosque adjacent Krishna Janmabhoomi|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/mathura-court-admits-plea-to-remove-mosque-adjacent-krishna-janmabhoomi/article32875442.ece|access-date=2020-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017094154/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/mathura-court-admits-plea-to-remove-mosque-adjacent-krishna-janmabhoomi/article32875442.ece|archive-date=2020-10-17|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name="Growse" /><ref name="Ahmad1963" />

The place has held religious significance since at least the 6th century BCE with findings of religious artifacts in excavations.<ref name="Entwistle1987" /> The temples were destroyed multiple times throughout history, most recently by the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperor [[Aurangzeb]] in 1670. He built the Shahi Eidgah mosque there, which still stands.<ref name="Scr" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name="TH1" /><ref name="Truschke2018" /><ref name="Entwistle1987" /> In the 20th century, the new temple complex adjacent to mosque was built with the financial help from industrialists.<ref name="Scr">{{cite web|last=Yamunan|first=Sruthisagar|title=In Mathura, the Ayodhya playbook is being deployed again to claim Hindu rights over Idgah mosque|url=https://scroll.in/article/974389/in-mathura-the-ayodhya-playbook-is-being-deployed-again-to-claim-hindu-rights-over-idgah-mosque|access-date=2020-12-04|website=Scroll.in|date=30 September 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref>

{{Vaishnavism}}
{{Hinduism small}}

==History==
[[File:Ogee Arches and Balconies Containing Human Figures - Rear View - Circa 2nd Century BCE - Katra Keshav Dev - ACCN 00-M1 - Government Museum - Mathura 2013-02-24 6100.JPG|thumb|Ogee arches and balconies containing human figures, rear view, circa 2nd century BCE, found from archeological excavation of Katra Keshavdeva. Now in [[Government Museum, Mathura]].|260x260px|left]]
[[File:The Idgah, Mathura 1949 (cropped).jpg|thumb|The Shahi Eidgah in 1949 which was constructed on the raised plinth of the original temple destroyed by Aurangzeb|260x260px|left]]

=== Ancient and Classical Period ===
According to Hindu traditions, Krishna was born to [[Devaki]] and [[Vasudeva]] in a prison cell where they were confined by his maternal uncle [[Kamsa]], a king of [[Mathura]], due to prophecy of his death by the child of Devaki.<ref name="Anand1992" /><ref name="Bakker1990" /> According to tradition, a temple dedicated to Krishna was built the birthplace by his great-grandson [[Vajra (king)|Vajranabh]].<ref name="Vemsani" /><ref name="Anand1992">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EsvSwdUgQYcC&pg=PA29|title=Krishna, the Living God of Braj|author=D. Anand|publisher=Abhinav Publications|year=1992|isbn=978-81-7017-280-2|pages=29, 125}}</ref> The present site known as Krishna Janmasthan ({{literal translation|birthplace of Krishna}}) was known as Katra ({{literal translation|market place}}) Keshavdeva.<ref name="Entwistle1987" /> The archaeological excavations of the site had revealed pottery and terracotta from 6th century BCE.<ref name="Entwistle1987" /> It also produced some [[Jain]] sculptures as well as a large [[Buddhist]] complex including Yasha Vihara.<ref name="Entwistle1987">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2YoRAQAAIAAJ|title=Braj: Centre of Krishna pilgrimage|author=A. W. Entwistle|date=1 January 1987|publisher=E. Forsten|isbn=9789069800165|pages=125, 319–320}}</ref> The Vaishnava temple may have erected on the place as early as the first century.<ref name="Entwistle1987" /> A whole new magnificent temple complex was rebuilt at the place by Gupta Emperor [[Chandragupta II]] in 400CE.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> A late 8th century inscriptions also mentions donations to the site by the [[Rashtrakuta dynasty|Rashtrakutas]].<ref name="Scr" /><ref name=":2">{{cite web|title=Petition Asks for Removal of Idgah Mosque From 'Krishna's Birthplace' in Mathura|url=https://thewire.in/law/mathura-mosque-lord-krishna-temple|access-date=2020-12-04|website=The Wire}}</ref><ref name="TH1" /><ref name="Anand1992" />

=== Medieval Period ===
In 1017 or 1018, [[Mahmud of Ghazni]] attacked and plundered [[Brindaban|Mahaban]]. He ordered to burn all the temples and demolish them. He plundered gold and silver statues and carried away a load of hundred camels.<ref name="Growse">{{cite book|author=F. S. Growse|title=Mathura-Brindaban-The Mystical Land Of Lord Krishna|date=31 January 2024 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=md2nxLByaQ4C&pg=PA50|publisher=Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd.|isbn=978-81-7182-443-4|pages=50–51, 52, 55}}</ref><ref name="Ahmad1963">{{cite book|author=Fazl Ahmad|title=Heroes of Islam Series: Mahmood of Ghazni|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9oVTAAAAYAAJ|year=1963|publisher=Sh. Muhammad Ashraf|page=70}}</ref> A stone inscription in Sanskrit found from the site mentions that in [[Vikram Samvat]] 1207 (1150) a person named Jajja who may have been a vassal of [[Gahadavala]] king built a Vishnu temple which was 'brilliantly white and touching the clouds'.<ref name="Entwistle1987" /><ref name="Bakker1990">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=McwUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA6|title=The History of Sacred Places in India As Reflected in Traditional Literature: Papers on Pilgrimage in South Asia|author=Hans Bakker|publisher=BRILL|year=1990|isbn=90-04-09318-4|pages=6–7, 9}}</ref>

=== Mughal Period ===
[[Vaishnava]] saints [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]] and [[Vallabhacharya]] visited Mathura in early 16th century.<ref name="Scr" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name="Bakker1990" /><ref name="Knapp">{{cite book|author=Stephen Knapp|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fw_ODQAAQBAJ&pg=PT5|title=Krishna Deities and Their Miracles|date=January 1, 2021|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan|page=5}}</ref> Abdullah, in the reign of [[Mughal Empire|Mughal emperor]] [[Jehangir]], mentions in ''[[Tarikh-i-Dawudi|Tarikh-i-Daudi]]'' the destruction of Mathura and its temples by [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi Sultan]] [[Sikandar Lodi]] in 16th century. Lodi had prohibited Hindus from bathing in the river and shaving of heads on the banks as well.<ref name="Growse" /><ref name="Bakker1990" /> In the reign of Jehangir, in 1618, [[Vir Singh Deo|Raja Veer Singh Deva]] Bundela of [[Orchha State|Orchha]] had built a temple at the cost of thirty-three lakhs.<ref name="Growse" /><ref name="Truschke2018" /><ref name="Jafri2009">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2c9312fKPqgC&pg=PA299|title=Transformations in Indian History|author=Saiyid Zaheer Husain Jafri|date=1 January 2009|publisher=Anamika Publishers & Distributors|isbn=978-81-7975-261-6|pages=299–303|access-date=7 July 2012}}</ref> A French traveller [[Jean-Baptiste Tavernier|Tavernier]] visited Mathura in 1650 and had described the octagonal temple built in red sandstone.<ref name="Jafri2009" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/travelsinindia00tavegoog|title=Travels in India|last1=Tavernier|first1=Jean-Baptiste|last2=Ball|first2=V. (Valentine)|date=1889|publisher=London, New York, Macmillan and co.|others=University of Michigan|pages=240–241}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6_htAAAAMAAJ|title=The Quarterly Review of Historical Studies|publisher=Institute of Historical Studies.|year=1983|volume=22|page=50}}</ref> Italian traveller [[Niccolao Manucci]] who worked in Mughal court has also described the temple.<ref name=":3" /> Mughal prince [[Dara Shukoh|Dara Shikoh]] had patronised the temple and donated a railing to the temple.<ref name="Truschke2018" /> The railing was removed by Mathura governor Abdun Nabi Khan on the order of Mughal emperor [[Aurangzeb]] and he built the Jama mosque on the ruins of the Hindu temples. During the Jat rebellion in Mathura, Abdul Nabi Khan was killed in 1669.<ref name="Mehta1986">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-TsMl0vSc0gC&pg=PA499|title=Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India|author=Jl Mehta|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd|year=1986|isbn=978-81-207-1015-3|pages=499–500}}</ref> Aurangzeb attacked Mathura and destroyed that Keshavdeva temple in 1670 and built the Shahi Eidgah in its place.<ref name="Entwistle1987" /><ref name="Truschke2018">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AGwlDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT95|title=Aurangzeb: The Man and the Myth|author=Audrey Truschke|date=1 February 2018|publisher=Penguin Random House India Private Limited|isbn=978-0-14-343967-7|pages=95–96}}</ref>

=== Modern Period ===
Mathura came under British control in 1804. The [[East India Company]] auctioned the {{convert|13.37|acre|ha|order=flip}} of land of Katra and it was purchased by Raja Patnimal, a wealthy banker of [[Varanasi|Banaras.]]<ref name="Anand1992" /><ref name="SinghMishra2005">{{cite book|author1=Nagendra Kr Singh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0TBTVPax4E8C&pg=PA397|title=Encyclopaedia of Oriental Philosophy and Religion: Hinduism : J-R|author2=A. P. Mishra|publisher=Global Vision Publishing House|year=2005|isbn=978-81-8220-073-9|page=397}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=History|url=http://shrikrishnajanmasthan.net/history.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904230906/http://shrikrishnajanmasthan.net/history.html|archive-date=4 September 2015|access-date=2018-07-31|website=shrikrishnajanmasthan.net}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web|last=Ghimire|first=Yubaraj|date=15 June 1993|title=Shahi Idgah adjacent to Krishna Janmabhoomi Temple at Mathura to be VHP's next target|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/special-report/story/19930615-shahi-idgah-adjacent-to-krishna-janmabhoomi-temple-at-mathura-to-be-vhp-next-target-811195-1993-06-15|access-date=2018-07-31|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> Raja Patnimal wanted to build the temple but could not do so. His descendants inherited the land of Katra and still maintained the full {{convert|13.37|acre|ha|order=flip}} without splitting it up. His descendant Rai Krishna Das was challenged, for the ownership of {{convert|13.37|acre|ha|order=flip}} of land on which the shrine and the Shahi Eidgah is situated, in two civil suits by the Muslims of Mathura but the [[Allahabad High Court]] ruled in favour of Raj Krishna Das in both suits in 1935.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> [[Kailash Nath Katju]] and Madanmohan Chaturvedi had helped in these lawsuits. Politician and educationist [[Madan Mohan Malaviya]] acquired the land from Raj Krishna Das on 7 February 1944 at the cost of Rs. 13000 with financial help of Industrialist [[Jugal Kishore Birla]].<ref name="Anand1992" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Following the death of Malaviya, Jugal Kishore Birla formed a trust named Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi Trust, later registered as the Shri Krishna Janmasthan Seva Sansthan, on 21 February 1951 and acquired the full {{convert|13.37|acre|ha|order=flip}} of land.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Jugal Kishore Birla entrusted the construction of the new temple with another industrialist and philanthropist [[Jaidayal Dalmia]]. The construction of the temple complex was started in October 1953 with leveling of lands and completed in February 1982. His eldest son [[Vishnu Hari Dalmia]] succeeded him and served on the Trust until his death. His grandson Anurag Dalmia is Joint Managing Trustee on the Trust.<ref name="Anand1992" /><ref name=":0" /> The construction was funded by other business families including [[Ramnath Goenka]].<ref name="Anand1992" />

In 1968, the Shree Krishna Janmasthan Seva Sangh and the Shahi Eidgah committee reached a compromise agreement which granted the temple land to the Trust and the management of the Shahi Eidgah to the Eidgah committee as well no legal claim of the Shree Krishna Janmasthan Seva Sangh on the Shahi Eidgah.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|last=Gopal|first=Sarvepalli|title=Anatomy of a Confrontation: Ayodhya and the Rise of Communal Politics in India|date=1993-10-15|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=9781856490504|pages=95–97|language=en|chapter=Note 3|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=47AARF595dUC&q=shahi+idgah+mathura&pg=PA95}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> [[Indian National Congress]] leader [[Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar]] was the first chairman of the Shree Krishna Janmasthan Seva Sangh which signed the compromise agreement and his legal authority to sign agreement is contested. He was succeeded by [[M. A. Ayyangar]], followed by Akhandananda Saraswati and Ramdev Maharaj. Nrityagopaldas is the present chairman.<ref name=":0" /> Following the [[Demolition of the Babri Masjid|demolition of the Babri Mosque]] in 1992, Manohar Lal Sharma, a resident of [[Vrindavan]], has filed a petition in the Mathura District Court challenging the 1968 agreement as well as a petition to quash the Places of Religious Worship Act of 1991 which preserves the status quo as on 15 August 1947 for all places of worship.<ref name=":6">{{cite web|last=Dhavan|first=Rajeev|date=11 July 2003|title=Ayodhya solutions|url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/2003/07/11/stories/2003071101071000.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030912142933/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/2003/07/11/stories/2003071101071000.htm|archive-date=12 September 2003|access-date=2018-07-31|website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

[[File:Shri Krishna Janmabhoomi birth site 1949.jpg|thumb|The site celebrated as the birthplace of Krishna who, as tradition goes, was born in a prison and the prison is said to have existed on the plot marked by a stone plate. To the right of it is the Shahi Eidgah. The image is taken in 1949 before the modern temple complex was built.|left]]
[[File:Krishnajanmabhoomi 1988A.jpg|thumb|Garbha Griha shrine (left) behind the Eidgah (centre) and entrance of the Keshavdeva temple (right), 1988.|260x260px]]

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==Temples and monuments==
[[File:Mathura India (2).JPG|thumb|upright|Entrance of the Krishna Janambhoomi temple complex]]
The temple complex contains Keshavdeva temple, Garbha Griha shrine and Bhagavata Bhavan.<ref name="Vemsani">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4fw2DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA140|title=Krishna in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Hindu Lord of Many Names: An Encyclopedia of the Hindu Lord of Many Names|last=Vemsani|first=Lavanya|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2016|isbn=978-1-61069-211-3|pages=140–141}}</ref>

===Keshavdeva Temple===
The Keshavdeva Temple was built by Ramkrishna Dalmia in memory of his mother Jadiadevi Dalmia. The construction of the temple started on 29 June 1957 and inaugurated on 6 September 1958 by [[Hanuman Prasad Poddar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://shrikrishnajanmasthan.net/temples_keshav.html|title=Keshavdeva|website=shrikrishnajanmasthan.net|access-date=2018-07-31}}</ref> It is located south of the [[Shahi Eidgah Mosque]].

===Garbha Griha shrine===
It is said that Shahi Eidgah was constructed on the ''sabhamandapa'' (assembly hall) of the original temple and the ''garbha griha'' (sanctum sactorum) was left. It is considered as the place of the prison cell where Krishna is believed to have been born. A marble pavilion and an underground prison cell were built on the place with spacious [[veranda]]. There is shrine near it dedicated to eight-handed goddess [[Adi Parashakti#Yog Maya|Yogmaya]].<ref name="Vemsani" /><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://shrikrishnajanmasthan.net/temples_garbha.htm|title=Garbha Griha|website=shrikrishnajanmasthan.net|access-date=2018-07-31}}</ref> It is located against the rear wall of the Shahi Eidgah.<ref name="Anand1992" />

===Bhagavata Bhavan===
The construction of the temple dedicated to ''[[Bhagavata Purana|Shrimad Bhagavata]]'' was started on 11 February 1965 and the installation ceremony of the deities were held on 12 February 1982. It includes five shrines: the main shrine having a {{convert|6|ft|cm|order=flip}} tall couple of [[Radha]] and Krishna; the shrine of [[Balarama]], [[Subhadra]] and [[Jagannath]]a on right; the temple of [[Rama]], [[Lakshmana]] and [[Sita]] on left; Garuda Stambha (pillar) and [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]] in front of Jagannatha shrine and [[Hanuman]] in front of Ram shrine; the temple of [[Durga]] and the temple with [[Lingam|Shivalinga]]. The ceiling, walls and pillars of the assembly hall are adorned with [[fresco]]es depicting life events of Krishna and his associates and devotees. The text of ''[[Bhagavad Gita]]'' engraved on copper-plates adorn the walls of the ''[[parikrama]]'' (circumambulation) of the main temple.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://shrikrishnajanmasthan.net/temples_bhagvata.htm|title=Bhagvata Bhavan|website=shrikrishnajanmasthan.net|access-date=2018-07-31}}</ref><ref name="Vemsani" /><ref name="Anand1992" /> There are statues of Malaviya and Birla in the complex. Other construction includes the [[Ayurveda]] Bhavan, International Guest House, shops, library and open space for performances.<ref name="Anand1992" />

=== Potra Kund ===
There is a large and deep stepped water tank, Potra Kund or Pavitra Kund, in south-east of the Janmasthan temple which is said to have been used for the first bath of child Krishna after his birth.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uptourism.gov.in/pages/top/explore/top-explore-mathura---vrindavan/krishna-janmasthan-temple|title=Krishna Janmasthan Temple|website=UP Tourism|language=en|access-date=2018-07-31|archive-date=21 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721172017/http://www.uptourism.gov.in/pages/top/explore/top-explore-mathura---vrindavan/krishna-janmasthan-temple|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Vemsani" /> The steps of the tank were built by [[Mahadji Scindia]] in 1782. They were restored by his descendants in 1850.<ref name="Anand1992"/>
[[File:Mathura(krishnakund).JPG|thumb|upright|Potra Kund]]

== Culture ==
The temple is one of the most visited temples in India. [[Krishna Janmashtami]], [[Radhashtami]], [[Diwali]] and [[Holi]] are the major festivals celebrated at this temple and entire [[Braj]] region.<ref name="Vemsani" />

== See also ==
*[[Nandmahar Dham]]
*[[Dwarkadhish Temple, Mathura]]

* [[Ram Janmabhoomi]], Rama's birthplace
* [[Janakpur Dham]], Sita's birthplace in Nepal
* [[Punaura Dham]], Sita's birthplace in India
* [[Kundinapuri]], Rukmini's birthplace
* [[Kaundinyapur]], near Nagpur and associated with Rukmini's birthplace Kundinapuri
* [[Raval, Uttar Pradesh]], Radha's birthplace
* [[Parikrama]]
* [[Yatra]]

==References==
{{commons category}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
* [http://shrikrishnajanmasthan.net/ Official website]
* [http://www.mathuraonline.in/city-guide/shri-krishna-janmasthan-in-mathura Temple Information on Mathura Online]
{{Krishna}}
{{Hindu temples in Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Famous Vishnu temples}}
{{Agra Division topics}}

[[Category:Tourist attractions in Mathura]]
[[Category:Hindu temples in Mathura district]]
[[Category:Krishna temples]]
[[Category:1958 establishments in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Hindu temples sacked in the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent]]
[[Category:Mosques converted from Hindu temples]]
[[Category:Divya Desams]]
[[Category:Former Hindu temples in India]]

Roti-Beti Ka Rishta

2026-02-07T23:13:14Z

Tyrone73H144: Starting First Data More To Come

{{Short description|Cultural and social relation between India and Nepal}}

'''''Roti-Beti Ka Rishta''''' ([[Devanagari]]: रोटी-बेटी का रिश्ता) is a colloquial and culturally significant term used to describe the deep and multifaceted ties between [[India]] and [[Nepal]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=प्यार सरहद पार: नेपाल और भारत में शादियों पर क्यों लग रहा है ग्रहण |url=https://bbc.com/hindi/extra/b9ejs1lqsa/india-nepal-cross-border-weddings |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=bbc.com}}</ref> It highlights the unique and extensive interdependence of the two nations across economic, social, and cultural spheres.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-05-10 |title=Nepal has roti-beti ka rishta with India: Deep Upadhyay |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nepal-has-roti-beti-ka-rishta-with-india-deep-upadhyay/articleshow/52197397.cms |access-date=2025-07-27 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-08 |title=Roti-Beti, Electricity, Connectivity, Security and Beyond |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/roti-beti-electricity-connectivity-security-and-beyond |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com |language=en}}</ref> In essence, the "Roti-Beti" relationship implies that India and Nepal are not just neighboring countries but are bound by familial, cultural, and economic ties that are integral to the daily lives and identities of their people.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Mishra |first=Dharmendra |last2=Hindi |first2=India TV |date=2024-01-14 |title=नेपाल ने कहा भारत के साथ है "बेटी-रोटी और खून का रिश्ता"...इस नेता का जवाब सुनते ही चीन को लग जाएगा सदमा |url=https://www.indiatv.in/world/asia/former-deputy-pm-bimalendra-nidhi-said-india-nepal-beti-roti-and-blood-relations-deep-and-close-comparing-china-2024-01-14-1015928 |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=India TV Hindi |language=hi}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=सीता-राम विवाह से बना भारत नेपाल का संबंध, रोटी-बेटी का रिश्ता आज भी कायम; प्राण प्रतिष्ठा पर जनकपुर में उत्सव |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/story-india-nepal-relationship-started-with-mother-sita-and-lord-ram-marriage-bread-daughter-connection-continues-celebration-in-janakpur-on-pran-pratistha-9168647.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123122512/https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/story-india-nepal-relationship-started-with-mother-sita-and-lord-ram-marriage-bread-daughter-connection-continues-celebration-in-janakpur-on-pran-pratistha-9168647.html |archive-date=2024-01-23 |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=Hindustan |language=hi-IN}}</ref>

== Etymology ==
The term "[[Roti]]" means bread for food. This aspect symbolizes the economic interdependence and daily livelihoods. Similarly, the term "[[Daughter|Beti]]" means daughter and symbolizes marriage relation between India and Nepal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-10 |title=When even a village mukhiya in Bihar worries she may not be able to vote |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/bihar-ec-roll-revision-village-mukhiya-worries-vote-10114115/ |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> This aspect highlights the strong familial and matrimonial ties between the two nations. The literally meaning of the phrase "Roti-Beti Ka Rishta" is "relation of bread and daughter".<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Seli |first=Yeshi |date=2022-08-28 |title=India-Nepal 'roti-beti' relations at stake, marriage ties weaken |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/2022/Aug/28/india-nepal-roti-beti-relations-at-stake-marriage-ties-weaken-2492146.html |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== Origin ==
The "Roti-Beti" relation between the two countries can be traced back to the Ramayana-era. In the text [[Ramayana]], the prince [[Rama]] of [[Ayodhya]] was married with the princess [[Sita]] of [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]]. This marriage relation between Lord Rama and Goddess Sita is considered as one of ancient origin of the "Roti-Beti" relation between the two present nations India and Nepal.<ref name=":0" />

== Description ==
India and Nepal have cherished a relationship described as "Roti Beti Ka Rishta" since their inception.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chowdhury |first=Manaswita |date=2024-08-01 |title=Regime Change and Regional Dynamics: Decoding the Future of India-Nepal Relations |url=https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2024/08/02/regime-change-and-regional-dynamics-decoding-the-future-of-india-nepal-relations/ |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=Modern Diplomacy |language=en-US}}</ref> The "Roti-Beti" relationship between India and Nepal refers to the unique and deeply intertwined cultural, social, and economic bonds between the two countries. It includes trade, commerce, employment, livelihoods, cross-border marriages, shared cultural heritage and people-to-people connections, etc.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Nepal government formation: India blindsided |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/opinion/nepal-government-formation-india-blindsided-1175579.html |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> The [[Hindi]] phrase "Roti-beti ka rishta" is emotionally and commonly used by the people of the two nations to signify the strong social and family ties between India and Nepal. This relationship is connected through roti (food) and daughter (marriage), symbolizing mutual cooperation, love and intimacy between the people of both countries.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nepalis finding their fortune in Shimla |url=https://kathmandupost.com/money/2023/04/22/nepalis-finding-their-fortune-in-shimla |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=kathmandupost.com |language=English}}</ref> The Roti-Beti relationship between the two nations is still continued and maintained by the [[Indo-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship|Indo-Nepal Peace and Friendship Treaty of 1950]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sharma |first=Jeetendr Kumar |date=2024-09-30 |title=From Roti and Beti to Strategic Partnerships: Exploring India-Nepal Relations |url=https://journal.sijss.com/index.php/home/article/view/865 |journal=South India Journal of Social Sciences |language=en |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=227–238 |doi=10.62656/SIJSS.v22i3.865 |issn=3048-6165|url-access=subscription |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Due to the unique relationship of "Roti Beti Ka Rishta" between the two nations, Nepal has a blood relationship with India. Therefore, the relation between India and Nepal is special compared to any third nation.<ref name=":1" /> The special relation is enjoyed and strengthen in the form of porous border and free movement of the both national citizens in the land of the two nations.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=2020-05-24 |title='Roti-beti' ties, intact for centuries, shouldn't be hit: Families on Indo-Nepal border at Lipulekh |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/roti-beti-ties-intact-for-centuries-shouldnt-be-hit-families-on-indo-nepal-border-at-lipulekh/articleshow/75924964.cms |access-date=2025-07-27 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> The other most important factor for the stronger relationship of the ''Roti-Beti Ka Rishta'' is the common origin of the cultural and religious traditions in the both nations.<ref name=":0" /> The popular annual circumambulation of the [[Mithila Madhya Parikrama]] in the Mithila region is a pilgrimage that symbolizes the "roti-beti ka rishta" by connecting communities in India and Nepal through a shared cultural and religious heritage related to the legendary marriage between Lord Rama and Sita in Mithila.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mithila Parikrama, symbol of Nepal-India mutual goodwill, underway |url=https://risingnepaldaily.com/news/58474 |access-date=2025-09-06 |website=GorakhaPatra}}</ref>

In the recent period, the [[Devashila Yatra]] was one of the major cultural and religious journeys between the both nations to show the ties of the Roti-Beti relation between the two nations publicly.<ref>{{Cite web |title=नेपाल की तरफ से भारत को सिया सुकुमारी के विवाह का उपहार, इस शालिग्राम देवशिला से 9 माह में स्वरुप लेंगे रामलला - shaligram devshila is Sita's wedding gift from Nepal to India it will take nine months for ramlala to get carved from this devshila |url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/madhubani-shaligram-devshila-is-sita-s-wedding-gift-from-nepal-to-india-it-will-take-nine-months-for-ramlala-to-get-carved-from-this-devshila-23314495.html |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=Jagran |language=hi}}</ref>

== Challenges and evolving dynamics ==
While traditionally strong, the "Roti-Beti" relationship has faced some challenges in recent years. The new citizenship act in Nepal, political shifts and their anti-Indian sentiments, border disputes are the major challenges faced by the traditional relationship of ''Roti-Beti'' between the two nations.<ref name=":4" /> In the recent years, due to these challenges the "Roti Beti Ka Rishta" has seen some declination.<ref name=":2" /> Similarly, according to experts, the growing [[China|Chinese]] influence in Nepal is another potential challenge for the "Roti-Beti" relation. It has potential to hurt the ties of "Roti Beti Ka Rishta" in future.<ref name=":3" />

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:India–Nepal relations]]
[[Category:India–Nepal cultural relations]]

Talala, Gujarat

2026-02-07T05:56:17Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating the details from scratch

{{More citations needed|date=March 2016}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Talala
| settlement_type = Town
| map_alt = Talala
| map_caption = Talala
| pushpin_map = India Gujarat
| pushpin_label_position = center
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|21.05|70.55|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Gujarat]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts in India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Gir Somnath district|Gir Somnath]]
| population_total = 21,060
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|Pincode(s)]]
| postal_code = 362 150
| area_code = [[Telephone numbers in India|02877]]
| registration_plate = GJ-32
| blank3_name = [[Languages of India|Spoken languages]]
| blank3_info = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]
}}

'''Talala''' is a town and a [[taluka]] in [[Gir Somnath district]] in the Indian [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[India|Gujarat]]. Talala is famous for [[Asiatic lion]]s and orchards of [[Gir Kesar|Kesar mangoes]].

== APMC market yard ==
APMC Talala (Gir) was established on 6 June 1987. It started operation in 1991. Construction cost was around 21,984,984 rupees, which includes shops, road, godown, compound wall, office. The Kesar mango auction in APMC started on 29 April 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.apmctalalagir.com/ |title=APMC Market Yard Talala (Gir) |access-date=10 March 2016 |archive-date=24 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160124062406/http://www.apmctalalagir.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Sri Bai ashram ==
Sri Bai ashram is located on the bank of [[Hiran River]]. It is a historic temple of Sri Bai.
[[File:Shree bai ashram.jpg|thumb|Shree bai ashram]]

== [[Gir National Park]] ==
In [[Sasan Gir]] The [[Asiatic Lion]] hub

== Hadmatiya stupa ==
Buddhist Stupa, belonging to the era of [[Western Satraps|Kshatrapas]] (built in the 2nd century), locally known as Vajir Panat No Kotho is in the forest three kilometres from Talala Taluka. It is located on the bank of [[Sarasvati River|Sarasvati river]]. The outer part of the stupa was built around the start of the [[Common Era]] using burnt bricks. The inner part is filled with undressed stones.<ref name="MishraRay2016">{{cite book|author1=Susan Verma Mishra|author2=Himanshu Prabha Ray|title=The Archaeology of Sacred Spaces: The temple in western India, 2nd century BCE–8th century CE|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NdLLDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT45|date=5 August 2016|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-19413-2|page=45}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

Hiran river

[[Category:Villages in Gir Somnath district]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Gir Somnath district]]

{{Gujarat-geo-stub}}

Sahapedia

2026-02-05T08:54:26Z

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{{Short description|Indian encyclopedia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{no footnotes|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox website
| name = Sahapedia
| logo =
| logo_size = 
| logo_caption = Sahapedia is an open online resource on the arts, cultures and heritage of India.
| logo_alt =
| screenshot =
| screenshot_size =
| caption =
| screenshot_alt =
| collapsible =
| collapsetext = 
| url = {{URL|https://www.sahapedia.org/}}
| commercial = "No"
| type = Non Profit
| registration =
| language = English
| num_users =
| content_license = CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0 Licence
| owner = Sahapedia.org
| author =
| editor =
| MD = Dr. Sudha Gopalakrishnan
| launch_date = 
| revenue = Non Profit
| alexa = 
| ip =
| current_status = Active
| footnotes =
| background = 
| programming_language = php
}}
'''Sahapedia''' is a website which seeks to make the culture and history of India accessible to all. Sahapedia is a [[portmanteau]] of the word Saha and [[encyclopedia]]. Saha is [[Sanskrit]] for "together with". It uses a method of collaboration between scholars and lay people contributing content to the portal. Once lay people register they are able to contribute to the portal once approved by editors. The site seeks to take the middle path between scholarly contribution and the open contribution system seen on [[Wikipedia]]. It serves as a portal with content in the form of articles, videos, image galleries, interviews and events listing.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Sundayapp/v4fvvDtzQBuMRf3A9nxn2L/Sahapedia-A-challenge-to-Indias-hidebound-museum-culture.html|title=Sahapedia: A challenge to India's hidebound museum culture|last=Janardhan|first=Arun|date=17 September 2016|website=Livemint|language=en|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://openthemagazine.com/art-culture/sahapedia-click-for-chhau/|title=Sahapedia: Click for Chhau|date=27 April 2016|website=Open The Magazine|language=en-GB|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref>

==History==
Sahapedia was founded in New Delhi in 2010. It was registered as a not-for-profit Society in June 2011 under the Societies Act of 1860 and has offices in New Delhi and Kochi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/about-us|title=About Us|website=Sahapedia|language=en|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> [[Subramaniam Ramadorai|S. Ramadorai]], who was the Former Vice Chairman, Tata Consultancy Services, and Chairman, National Skills Development Agency is the President and mentor of Sahapedia. Sudha Gopalakrishnan, who was the Founder Director of the National Mission for Manuscripts, Government of India and an [[UNESCO]]-empanelled expert on intangible cultural heritage is the Vice President and Executive Director of Sahapedia. Sahapedia's technology platform, which was launched on 23 April 2016.<ref name=":0" />

In 2018, Sahapedia won [[Pacific Asia Travel Association|PATA]] Gold Award for its India Heritage Walk Festival. In 2019, Sahapedia won [[Pacific Asia Travel Association|Pacific Asia Travel Association Grand Award]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2019-07-18 |title=Sahapedia Bags PATA Grand Award 2019 |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2019/Jul/18/sahapedia-bags-pata-grand-award-2019-2005522.html |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

==Work==
The core of Sahapedia is the encyclopedia that addresses ten domains: the areas covered come under the categories of Knowledge Traditions, Visual and Material Arts, Performing Arts, Literature and Languages, Practices and Rituals, Histories, Institutions, People, and Natural Environment. The research and editorial team identify subjects for the encyclopedia, visit libraries and consult experts to arrive at an outline for its treatment, write to scholars for articles or request them for interviews, go on field visits for documentation and compile links to online resources and suggestions for further reading. Sahapedia also works with affiliates who are experts in their field and can curate modules that cover various aspects of a particular subject.

==Ongoing projects==
*[[Oral history]]: Documents interactions with artists, scholars and practitioners. The project also records performances, events, activities, lectures, demonstrations and seminars.
*Library: Makes available archival material relating to history, literature, music and the performing arts under the Creative Share-alike License.
*Built heritage: Documents heritage sites and spaces in India with a view to covering both academic studies and experiential accounts. India Heritage Walks seeks to enable access to local history and heritage.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/2019/jul/21/sahapedias-india-heritage-walks-wins-international-award-2006994.html|title=Sahapedia's India Heritage Walks wins international award|last=Sharma|first=Nikita|date=21 July 2019|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref>
*Maps project: Encourages people to participate in the cultural mapping of India and South Asia by marking cultural sites, forms, practices and events in their areas.
*Heritage education: It has partnered in the Heritage Education efforts of the Central Board of Secondary Education involving 12,900 schools, by creating an interactive web resource for children on the CBSE website Besides, the collaboratively-created encyclopedia database will be available as an offline tool for distance and rural education.
*Institutional collaborations: Sahapedia is in partnership with the [[Ministry of Culture (India)|Indian Ministry of Culture]], [[Rashtrapati Bhavan]], [[Archaeological Survey of India]], the [[Indian Institute of Advanced Studies]], [[National School of Drama]], the [[National Centre for the Performing Arts (India)|National Centre for the Performing Arts]] and the International Information Networking Centre for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Asia-Pacific Region, UNESCO.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/content-partners|title=Content Partners|website=Sahapedia|language=en|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref>
*India Heritage Walks: An initiative that hosts immersive and diverse experiences that bring people closer to their local heritage and culture.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About India Heritage Walks {{!}} India Heritage Walks|url=https://www.indiaheritagewalks.org/index.php/about-us|access-date=13 March 2021|website=www.indiaheritagewalks.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Heritage Experiences|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/heritage-experiences|access-date=13 March 2021|website=Sahapedia|language=en}}</ref>
*Museums of India: Designed to bring together museums, heritage and communities to create a participatory eco-system of museum exploration, enrichment and education. It is an expanding digital listing of the museums in India, with the realization that there is no single in-depth online resource that showcases the diversity of Indian museums.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Museums of India|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/museums-india|access-date=13 March 2021|website=Sahapedia|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The muse of history: Digitally mapping India's museums|url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/culture/art/2017/may/13/the-muse-of-history-digitally-mapping-indias-museums--heritage-1521.html|access-date=13 March 2021|website=www.indulgexpress.com|date=13 May 2017 |language=en}}</ref>

== Recognition ==

* India Heritage Walks won the [[Pacific Asia Travel Association]] (PATA) Grand Award 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pata.org/pata-announces-grand-and-gold-award-winners-2019/|title=PATA announces Grand and Gold Award winners 2019|date=18 July 2019|website=PATA|language=en-US|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.sahapedia.org/ Official website]

[[Category:Online encyclopedias]]
[[Category:Collaborative projects]]
[[Category:Indian online encyclopedias]]
[[Category:Arts organisations based in India]]
[[Category:Culture of Indian diaspora]]

Dalit League

2026-02-01T22:29:56Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating A Bio

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox Indian Political Party
|party_name = Indian Union Dalit League
|logo = File:Indian Union Dalit League flag.png
|image =
|colorcode = Blue
|leader = [[U. C. Raman]], A. P. Unnikrishnan<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lsgkerala.gov.in/index.php/en/lbelection/electdmemberpersondet/2015/162/2015016202001|title=Local Self Government Department | Local Self Government Department|website=lsgkerala.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/dalit-league-for-cbi-probe-in-walayar-case/article29816673.ece|title=Dalit League for CBI probe in Walayar case|author=Staff Reporter|newspaper=The Hindu |date=28 October 2019|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>
|founder = [[U. C. Raman]]
|alliance = [[Indian Union Muslim League]] UDF
|ideology =
|party symbol =
|headquarters = [[Kozhikkode]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]
|flag =
|eci =
}}
'''Dalit League''' is also known as '''Indian Union Dalit League''' ('''IUDL''')<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/|title=Dalit League meet begins on Sunday|date=3 May 2012|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> Indian Political Party and Caste wing of the [[Indian Union Muslim League]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/iuml-to-bank-on-dalit-league-for-reservation-seats/articleshow/49283526.cms|title=IUML to bank on Dalit League for reservation seats|newspaper=The Times of India |date=9 October 2015}}</ref> in [[Kerala]], India. It was founded by [[IUML]] and A. P. Unnikrishnan, [[U. C. Raman]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chandrikadaily.com/dalid-leag-uc-raman-ap-unnikrishnan-pc-rajan.html|title=ദലിത് ലീഗ്: യു.സി രാമന്‍ പ്രസി, എ.പി ഉണ്ണികൃഷ്ണന്‍ സെക്ര, പിസി രാജന്‍ ട്രഷ.|date=25 February 2018}}</ref> As of 2012, the IUDL Kerala State President of U.C. Raman, its state secretary M.P. Gopi and state treasurer Balan.

The Dalit League is active in five districts of the Malabar region. The number of Dalit League representatives in local self-governing bodies of Kerala stands at around 250.

== Leadership ==
=== Kerala ===
{| class=" wikitable"
|+Current office bearers<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediaoneonline.com/kerala/new-office-bearers-for-dalit-league-state-committee-232648|title=ദളിത് ലീഗ് സംസ്ഥാന കമ്മറ്റിക്ക് പുതിയ ഭാരവാഹികൾ|first=Web|last=Desk|date=3 October 2023|website=www.mediaoneonline.com}}</ref>
|- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;"
! Name !! Designation !! District
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|E.P Babu || President || [[Kozhikkode]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|Sashidharan Manalaya|| General Secretary || [[Malappuram]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; t
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|S. Kumaran || Treasure|| [[Palakkad]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|Soman Pothath || Vice President || [[Kottayam]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|V.M Suresh Babu || Vice President || [[Kozhikkode]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|P. Balan || Vice President || [[Wayanad]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|Prakashan Moochikkal || Vice President || [[Malappuram]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|Prakashan Paramban || Vice President || [[Kannur]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|Sree Devi Prakunnu || Vice President || [[Malappuram]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|Afshila || Secretary || [[Kozhikkode]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
| R. Chandran|| Secretary || [[Wayanad]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|Kalabhavan Raju || Secretary|| [[Kasargod]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|K.A Sashi || Secretary|| [[Eranakulam]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|Velayudhan Manjeri || Secretary|| [[Malappuram]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|Sajid Vinod || Secretary|| [[Palakkad]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|Pole M Petor || Secretary|| [[Pathanamthitta]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|}
{| class=" wikitable"
|+Current office bearers of Women's wing<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediaoneonline.com/kerala/new-office-bearers-for-dalit-league-state-committee-232648|title=ദളിത് ലീഗ് സംസ്ഥാന കമ്മറ്റിക്ക് പുതിയ ഭാരവാഹികൾ|first=Web|last=Desk|date=3 October 2023|website=www.mediaoneonline.com}}</ref>
|- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;"
! Name !! Designation !! District
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
|[[Jayanthi Rajan]]<ref>https://www.deccanherald.com/india/kerala/appointment-of-dalit-women-leaders-sheds-iumls-communal-discriminatory-image-3544471</ref> || President || [[Wayanad]]
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of political parties in India]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==

{{Indian political parties}}

[[Category:2011 establishments in Kerala]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 2011]]
[[Category:Political parties in Kerala]]
[[Category:Dalit politics]]
[[Category:Dalit Muslim]]
[[Category:Indian Union Muslim League]]

Tarikh-i-Dawudi

2026-01-29T03:27:14Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating basic post needs work

{{Short description|16th-century Persian-language history book}}
{{italic title}}
{{Jaunpur Sultanate}}
The '''''Tārīkh-i-Dāwūdī''''' ({{langx|fa|{{Nastaliq|تاریخِ داوودی}}}}) is a 16th-century [[Persian language]] document recording the administration of various [[Pashtun]] dynasties in [[South Asia]]. It was written by a historian named [[Abdullah (historian)|Abdullah]]. It starts with the Sultan [[Bahlul Khan Lodi]] of the [[Lodi dynasty]] of [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi]] and ends with Sultan [[Daud Khan Karrani]] of the [[Karrani dynasty]] of [[Bengal Sultanate|Bengal]]. Information relating to the Afghan [[Sur dynasty]] can also be found in the book. Other than these Afghan dynasties, the book also contains poetry as well as a history of the [[Jaunpur Sultanate]].<ref>{{cite Banglapedia|article=Tarikh-i-Daudi|author=[[Abdul Karim (historian)|Abdul Karim]]}}</ref> The book is named after, dedicated to and was written at the court of [[Daud Khan Karrani]].<ref>{{cite Banglapedia|article=Historiography|author=[[Sirajul Islam|Islam, Sirajul]]}}</ref> It has been translated into English and Urdu in 1969 by Shaikh Abdur Rashid and Iqtidar Husain Siddiqi of the Department of History of the [[Aligarh Muslim University]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abebooks.com/Tarikh-I--Daudi-Abdullah-Iqtidar-Husain/30793081466/bd|title=Tarikh - I- Daudi Of Abdullah|website=[[AbeBooks]]|access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Tarikh]]

==External links==
*Read [https://sufinama.org/ebooks/tareekh-e-daudi-abdullah-ebooks ''Tareekh-e-Daudi''] online in the [[Hindi]] language

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:16th-century Indian books]]
[[Category:Indian manuscripts]]
[[Category:Indian chronicles]]
[[Category:16th-century Persian books]]

{{India-hist-book-stub}}

Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal

2026-01-28T16:57:25Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating new page added tags

{{Short description|Public charitable trust in India}}
'''Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal''' ('''SVKM''') is a [[charitable trust|Public charitable trust]] in [[India]] that runs and operates many educational schools, colleges and institutions across India.

==History==
SVKM started in 1934 when it took over the Rashtriya Shala, a school established in 1921, in the wake of the [[Swadeshi Movement]] and [[Indian Independence Movement]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.svkm.ac.in/Overview/M__213|title=Overview|website=www.svkm.ac.in}}</ref> Over the years, it has made the [[Mumbai]] suburb of [[Vile Parle]] into an educational hub with over 40 schools and colleges under its wing. It has now spread to other Indian cities like [[Bangalore]], [[Hyderabad]], [[Chandigarh]], [[Ahmedabad]], [[Indore]], [[Navi Mumbai]], among others.

==Institutions==
Some of the institutions under the SVKM umbrella are mentioned below.

{| class = "wikitable sortable"
|-
! Founded
! Name of Institution
! Location
|-
| 1934
| Smt. Gokalibai Punamchand Pitambar High School
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1961
| [[Mithibai College|Mithibai College of Arts]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mithibai.ac.in/Overview/M__517|title=Overview|website=mithibai.ac.in}}</ref>
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1961
| [[Mithibai College|Chauhan Institute of Science]]
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1963
| Shri Bhagubhai Mafatlal Polytechnic
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1964
| [[Narsee Monjee College of Commerce and Economics]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nmcollege.in/AboutUs/History.aspx|title=History :: About Us :: Narsee Monjee College of Commerce and Economics|website=www.nmcollege.in}}</ref>
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1977
| Jitendra Chauhan College of Law
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1980
| [[Mithibai College|Amrutben Jivanlal College of Commerce and Economics]]
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1981
| [[SVKM's NMIMS]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nmims.edu/about/|title=about|website=www.nmims.edu}}</ref>
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1990
| Harkisan Mehta Institute of Media, Research and Analysis
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1992
| Acharya A. V. Patel Junior College
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1994
| Dwarkadas J. Sanghvi College of Engineering<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.djsce.ac.in/Overview/M__39|title=Overview|website=www.djsce.ac.in}}</ref>
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 1997
| Chatrabhuj Narsee Memorial School & N. D. Parekh Pre-Primary School
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 2003
| [[Usha Pravin Gandhi College of Management]]
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 2004
| Pravin Gandhi College of Law
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 2004
| Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
|2006
| SVKM’s Institute of International Studies
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 2008
| Shri J. V. Parekh International School
| [[Vile Parle]], [[Mumbai]]
|-
| 2017
| SVKM's Institute of Technology
| [[Dhule]]
|-
|2017
|SVKM's Institute of Pharmacy
|[[Dhule]]
|}

PSA
"Education is an area where chances of confusion should be completely avoided as it can result in having a damaging effect on the careers of children” - Delhi High Court
<ref>https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=8f83a460-6edd-407b-9551-7488027a8ee2</ref>
While other schools/institutions bear the name "Narsee" they are not a part of Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal
The SVKM institutions are
1) Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (N.M.I.M.S.)
2) Narsee Monjee College of Commerce & Economics (N.M.)
3) Chatrabhuj Narsee Memorial School Vile Parle (C.N.M. SCHOOL & N. D. PAREKH PRE-PRIMARY)
<ref>https://charity.maharashtra.gov.in:8060/knowyourtrust.aspx</ref>

parents should be aware as consumers and look up the mandals, trusts and companies that operate the schools they send their children to.

==Cultural festivals==
SVKM's colleges organise some of Mumbai's most attended inter-college festivals such as Umang of Narsee Monjee College, which has been tagged as Asia's fastest growing festival,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lawctopus.com/umang-annual-festival-narsee-monjee-college-of-commerce-and-economics/|title = 'Umang' Annual Fest of Narsee Monjee College of Commerce and Economics [Aug 15-17, Mumbai]|date = 2 July 2015}}</ref> and Kshitij of Mithibai College. From 13 to 16 January 2016, SVKM organised a festival called Yuva for the students and teachers of all institutions under its banner, holding competitions in 13 different sporting categories.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/locality/news-tags/shri-vile-parle-kelavani-mandal-svkm|title=Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal (SVKM) - DNA|website=dna}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Educational charities]]
[[Category:Charitable trusts]]
[[Category:Charities based in India]]

Patangrao Kadam

2026-01-22T04:43:43Z

Tyrone73H144:

{{Short description|Indian politician (1944–2018)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder|
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1944|01|08}}
| birth_place = Sonsal [[Village]], Tal: [[Kadegaon]], [[Sangli]], ([[Bombay Presidency]]), ([[British India]])
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2018|3|09|1944|01|08}}
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]

| office = [[Government of Maharashtra|Cabinet Minister]] [[Government of Maharashtra]]
| minister =
*[[Ministry of Forest (Maharashtra)|Forest]]
| term_start = 11 November 2010
| term_end = 26 September 2014
| 1blankname = [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]
| 1namedata = [[Prithviraj Chavan]]
| 2blankname = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Maharashtra|Dy Chief Minister]]
| 2namedata = [[Ajit Pawar]]
| 3blankname = Guardian Minister
| 3namedata =
*[[Jalna district|Jalna District]]
*[[Osmanabad district|Osmanabad District]]
| governor =
*[[K. Sankaranarayanan]]
*[[Om Prakash Kohli]]
*[[C. Vidyasagar Rao]]

| predecessor = Himself
| successor = [[Sudhir Mungantiwar]]

| office1 = [[Government of Maharashtra|Cabinet Minister]] [[Government of Maharashtra]]
| minister1 =
*[[Ministry of Forest (Maharashtra)|Forest]]
| term_start1 = 07 November 2009
| term_end1 = 09 November 2010
| 1blankname1 = [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]
| 1namedata1 = [[Ashok Chavan]]
| 2blankname1 = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Maharashtra|Dy Chief Minister]]
| 2namedata1 = [[Chhagan Bhujbal]]
| 3blankname1 = Guardian Minister
| 3namedata1 =
*[[Sangli district|Sangli District]]
| governor1 =
*[[S. C. Jamir]]
*[[K. Sankaranarayanan]]

| predecessor1 = [[Babanrao Pachpute]]
| successor1 = Himself

| office2 = [[Government of Maharashtra|Cabinet Minister]] [[Government of Maharashtra]]
| minister2 =
*[[Ministry of Revenue (Maharashtra)|Revenue]]
*[[Ministry of Sports and Youth Welfare (Maharashtra)|Sports and Youth Welfare]]
| term_start2 = 08 December 2008
| term_end2 = 06 November 2009
| 1blankname2 = [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]
| 1namedata2 = [[Ashok Chavan]]
| 2blankname2 = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Maharashtra|Dy Chief Minister]]
| 2namedata2 = [[Chhagan Bhujbal]]
| 3blankname2 = Guardian Minister
| 3namedata2 =
*[[Sangli district|Sangli District]]
*[[Washim district|Washim District]]
| governor2 = [[S. C. Jamir]]
| predecessor2 =
*[[Narayan Rane]] (Revenue)
*[[Vasant Purke]] (Sports and Youth Welfare)
| successor2 =
*[[Narayan Rane]] (Revenue)
*[[Suresh Shetty]] (Sports and Youth Welfare)
| office3 = [[Government of Maharashtra|Cabinet Minister]] [[Government of Maharashtra]]
| minister3 =
*[[Ministry of Earthquake Rehabilitation (Maharashtra)|Earthquake Rehabilitation]]
*[[Ministry of Co-operation (Maharashtra)|Co-operation]]
*[[Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (Maharashtra)|Skill Development Entrepreneurship]]
*[[Ministry of Fisheries (Maharashtra)|Fisheries]]
*[[Ministry of Ports Development (Maharashtra)|Ports Development]]
*[[Ministry of Other Backward Bahujan Welfare (Maharashtra)|Other Backward Bahujan Welfare]]
| term_start3 = 09 November 2004
| term_end3 = 01 December 2008
| 1blankname3 = [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]
| 1namedata3 = [[Vilasrao Deshmukh]]
| 2blankname3 = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Maharashtra|Dy Chief Minister]]
| 2namedata3 =[[R. R. Patil]]
| 3blankname3 = Guardian Minister
| 3namedata3 =
*[[Gondia district|Gondia District]]
*[[Kolhapur district|Kolhapur District]]
| governor3 =
*[[Mohammed Fazal]]
*[[S. M. Krishna]]
*[[S. C. Jamir]]
| predecessor3 =
*[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]] (Earthquake Rehabilitation)
*[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]] (Co-operation)
*[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]] (Skill Development Entrepreneurship)
*[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]] (Fisheries)
*[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]] (Ports Development)
*[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]] (Other Backward Bahujan Welfare)
| successor3 =
*[[Babanrao Pachpute]] (Earthquake Rehabilitation)
*[[Harshvardhan Patil]] (Co-operation)
*[[R. R. Patil]] (Skill Development Entrepreneurship)
*[[Ravisheth Patil]] (Fisheries)
*[[Ravisheth Patil]] (Ports Development)
*[[Surupsingh Hirya Naik]] (Other Backward Bahujan Welfare)
| office4 = [[Government of Maharashtra|Cabinet Minister]] [[Government of Maharashtra]]
| minister4 =
*[[Ministry of Energy, New and Renewable Energy Maharashtra|Energy]]
*[[Ministry of Energy, New and Renewable Energy Maharashtra|New and Renewable Energy]]
| term_start4 = 18 January 2003
| term_end4 = 01 November 2004
| 1blankname4 = [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]
| 1namedata4 = [[Sushilkumar Shinde]]
| 2blankname4 = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Maharashtra|Dy Chief Minister]]
| 2namedata4 =
*[[Chhagan Bhujbal]]
*[[Vijaysingh Mohite-Patil]]
| 3blankname4 = Guardian Minister
| 3namedata4 =
*[[Thane district|Thane District]]
*[[Gadchiroli district|Gadchiroli District]]
*[[Beed district|Beed District]]
| governor4 = [[Mohammed Fazal]]
| predecessor4 =
*[[Padamsinh Bajirao Patil]] (Energy)
*[[Padamsinh Bajirao Patil]] (New and Renewable Energy)
| successor4 =
*[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]] (Energy)
*[[Vilasrao Deshmukh]] (New and Renewable Energy)

| office5 = [[Government of Maharashtra|Cabinet Minister]] [[Government of Maharashtra]]
| minister5 =
*[[Ministry of Industries (Maharashtra)|Industries]]
*[[Ministry of Mining (Maharashtra)|Mining Department]]
*[[Ministry of Soil and Water Conservation (Maharashtra)|Soil and Water Conservation]] (19 October 1999 – 02 March 2001)
| term_start5 = 19 October 1999
| term_end5 = 16 January 2003
| 1blankname5 = [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]
| 1namedata5 = [[Vilasrao Deshmukh]]
| 2blankname5 = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Maharashtra|Dy Chief Minister]]
| 2namedata5 = [[Chhagan Bhujbal]]
| 3blankname5 = Guardian Minister
| 3namedata5 =
*[[Nagpur district|Nagpur District]]
*[[Sangli district|Sangli District]]
| governor5 =
*[[P. C. Alexander]]
*[[Mohammed Fazal]]
| predecessor5 =
*[[Nitin Gadkari]] (Industries)
*[[Liladhar Dake]] (Mining Department)
*[[Sureshdada Jain]] (Soil and Water Conservation)
| successor5 =
*[[Ashok Chavan]] (Industries)
*[[Vasant Chavan]] (Mining Department)
*[[Padamsinh Bajirao Patil]] (Soil and Water Conservation)

| office6 = [[List of leaders of the house in the Maharashtra Legislative Council|Leader of The House Maharashtra Legislative Council]]
| term_start6 = 08 December 2008
| term_end6 = 07 November 2009
|governor6 = [[S. C. Jamir]]
| 1blankname6 = [[List of Chairman of the Maharashtra Legislative Council|Chairman of the House]]
| 1namedata6 =[[Shivajirao Deshmukh]]
| 2blankname6 = [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]
| 2namedata6 = [[Ashok Chavan]]
| 3blankname6 = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Maharashtra|Dy Chief Minister]]
| 3namedata6 = [[Chhagan Bhujbal]]
| 4blankname6 = Deputy Leader
| 4namedata6 = [[Radhakrishna Vikhe Patil]]
| predecessor6 =[[R. R. Patil]]
| successor6 = [[Chhagan Bhujbal]]

| term_start7 = 18 October 1999
| term_end7 = 16 January 2003
|governor7 =
*[[Mohammed Fazal]]
*[[S. M. Krishna]]
*[[S. C. Jamir]]
| 2blankname7 = [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]]
| 2namedata7 = [[Vilasrao Deshmukh]]
| 1blankname7 = [[List of Chairman of the Maharashtra Legislative Council|Chairman of the House]]
| 3blankname7 = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Maharashtra|Dy Chief Minister]]
| 3namedata7 = [[Chhagan Bhujbal]]
| 1namedata7 = [[N. S. Pharande]]
| 4blankname7 = Deputy Leader
| 4namedata7 = [[Ranjeet Deshmukh]]
| predecessor7 = [[Sudhir Joshi]]
| successor7 = [[Ranjeet Deshmukh]]

| office8 = Member of the [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start8 = (2009-2014), (2014
| term_end8 = 2018)
| constituency8 = [[Palus-Kadegaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]]
| predecessor8 =
| successor8 = [[Vishwajeet Kadam|Vishwajeet Patangrao Kadam]]
| term_start9 = (1985-1990), (1990-1995), (1999-2004), (2004
| term_end9 = 2009)
| constituency9 =[[Bhilwadi Wangi Assembly constituency]]
| predecessor9 = Sampatrao Annasaheb Chavan
| successor9 =

| nationality = [[India]]n
| party = [[Indian National Congress]] (INC)
| name =
| children = *[[Vishwajeet Kadam]]
*Late Abhijeet Kadam
*Asmita Jagtap
*Bharati Lad
}}
'''Patangrao Shripatrao Kadam''' (8 January 1944 – 9 March 2018) was an Indian politician from the state of [[Maharashtra]]. He came from a middle level farmer family in a small village, Sonsal in Sangli district. He previously held the forest ministry in the [[Maharashtra]] government.<ref>{{cite web|last=kadam|first=patang|title=forest dt.|url=http://www.mahaforest.nic.in/internal.php?id=25|publisher=state|accessdate=7 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=times of india|title=patangrao|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Patangrao-Kadam|newspaper=timesofindia}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=india|first=today|title=list of ministers|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/assembly-elections-2009/maharashtra/story/list-of-cabinet-ministers-in-maharashtra-60415-2009-11-08}}</ref> He was also an educationist and was the founder of [[Bharati Vidyapeeth]].<ref name=obit-firstpost>{{Cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/patangrao-kadam-senior-maharashtra-congress-leader-passes-away-at-72-at-mumbai-hospital-4384011.html|title=Patangrao Kadam, senior Maharashtra Congress leader, passes away at 72 at Mumbai hospital - Firstpost|website=www.firstpost.com|access-date=2018-03-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Bharati|first=Vidyapeeth|title=founder|url=http://bvp.bharatividyapeeth.edu/About-Bharati-Vidyapeeth/About-Founder/default.aspx|publisher=Bharati Vidyapeeth|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917135843/http://bvp.bharatividyapeeth.edu/About-Bharati-Vidyapeeth/About-Founder/default.aspx|archivedate=2012-09-17}}</ref> Kadam died of [[renal dysfunction]] at Mumbai's [[Lilavati Hospital]] on 9 March 2018.<ref name=obit-firstpost/><ref name=obit-mirror>{{Cite news|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/dr-patangrao-kadam-senior-congress-leader-and-educationist-passes-away-in-mumbai/articleshow/63238345.cms|title=Dr Patangrao Kadam, senior Congress leader and educationist, passes away in Mumbai - Mumbai Mirror -|work=Mumbai Mirror|access-date=2018-03-09}}</ref>

==Early life==
Patangrao Kadam was born into a middle-level farming family in a small village of Sonsal, [[Sangli District]] in Maharashtra. Since no educational facilities were available in Sonsal, Kadam had to walk 4–5 km every day to attend a primary school in a nearby village. He did his secondary education up to [[Secondary School Certificate|S.S.C.]] at a boarding school in [[Kundal]].

Kadam was the first person from his village to have passed the S.S.C. examination. After S.S.C., he joined Shivaji College, Satara, run by [[Rayat Shikshan Sanstha]], which was established by a renowned social reformer and educationist, Karmaveer [[Bhaurao Patil]]. He was enrolled in the College under its "earn and learn scheme". He took lessons of dedicated social service from Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil.

Kadam came to [[Pune]] in 1961, where he completed a one-year Diploma Course in teaching in 1962, and started working as a part-time teacher in a secondary school in Pune run by Rayat Shikshan Sanstha. Kadam obtained a bachelor's degree in Law and master's degree from the [[Savitribai Phule Pune University|University of Pune]]. Despite his preoccupation with educational, social and political activities, Kadam completed his research on the theme "Administrative Problems of Educational Administration in 80s" for which he was awarded a Ph.D. in Management by the University of Pune. He has also established Milk Society, Spinning Mills, Sugar Factories, a Bank etc.{{Citation needed|date=January 2025}}

==Political career==
* June 1991 - May 1992 - Minister of State for Education
* May 1992 - 1995 - Education Minister (Independent Charge)
* October 1999 to October 2004 - Cabinet Minister for Industry, Trade, Commerce and Parliamentary Affairs
* November 2004 onwards - Minister of State for Rehabilitation and Relief Works
* Acting President - Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee
* Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) Chairman
* December 2008 - Cabinet Minister, Government of Maharashtra - Revenue, Rehabilitation and Relief, Earthquake Rehabilitation and School Education
* March 2009 onwards - Cabinet Minister, Revenue Accounts, Government of Maharashtra
* November 2009 onwards - Cabinet Minister, Government of Maharashtra - Forest Department
* November 2010 to 2014 - Cabinet Minister, State of Maharashtra - Department of Forests, Rehabilitation and Relief, Earthquake Rehabilitation

==Death==
After prolonged illness caused by renal dysfunction, Patangrao died at Mumbai's Lilavati Hospital on 9 March 2018.<ref name=obit-firstpost/><ref name=obit-mirror/><ref name="Patangrao Kadam, Maharashtra Congress leader and educationist, passes away">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |title=Patangrao Kadam, Maharashtra Congress leader and educationist, passes away |url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/obituary/patangrao-kadam-maharashtra-congress-leader-and-educationist-passes-away |access-date=15 January 2025 |publisher=National Herald |date=10 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250115150534/https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/obituary/patangrao-kadam-maharashtra-congress-leader-and-educationist-passes-away |archive-date=15 January 2025 |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{Portal|India}}
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kadam, Patangrao}}
[[Category:Marathi politicians]]
[[Category:1944 births]]
[[Category:2018 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2009–2014]]
[[Category:People from Sangli district]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:Deaths from kidney disease]]
[[Category:Presidents of Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee]]

Gateway Distriparks

2026-01-15T14:25:10Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating Post

{{Short description|Indian logistics company}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox company
| logo = Gateway Distriparks.svg
| name = Gateway Distriparks Limited
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{ubl|{{BSE|543489}}|{{NSE|GATEWAY}}}}
| location_city = [[Mumbai, India]]
| foundation = 1994
| key_people = {{plainlist|
*Prem Kishan Gupta (Group Chairman & Managing Director)
*Ishaan Gupta (Joint Managing Director)
*Samvid Gupta (Joint Managing Director - GatewayRail)
*Sachin Bhanushali (CEO - Gateway Rail)}}
| area_served = India
| industry = [[Logistics]]
| subsid = Gateway Rail Freight Limited, Snowman Logistics Limited
| revenue = {{profit}} {{INR}} 1,527 crore (2018-19)
| net_income = {{profit}} {{INR}} 150 crore (2018-19)
| num_employees = 2500
| homepage = {{URL|http://www.gateway-distriparks.com/}}|
}}
'''Gateway Distriparks Limited''' is an Indian [[logistics]] company based in [[Mumbai]] with three business verticals: [[Container terminal|container freight stations]] (CFS), [[Dry port|inland container depots]] (ICD) with rail movement and [[Cold chain|cold chain storage and logistics]]. The company was founded in April 1994 and originally promoted by Newsprint Trading & Sales Corporation (NTSC), CWT Distribution Limited, NUR Investment and Trading Pvt. Ltd., and Intercontinental Forest Products Pte. Ltd. (IFP) as a [[joint venture]] company to conduct the business of [[warehousing]], container freight stations and all related activities. As of November 2015, Prism International Private Limited (same group as NTSC) is the sole promoter of the company.

==History==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Event
|-
| 1994 || Gateway Distriparks Limited founded
|-
| 1998 || GDL started CFS operations in [[Nhava Sheva]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hajara |first1=Sabyasachi |title=GATEWAY DISTRIPARKS LTD COMMENCES CFS OPERATIONS AT KRISHNAPATNAM PORT |url=http://www.maritimegateway.com/gateway-distriparks-ltd-commences-cfs-operations-krishnapatnam-port/ |website=maritimegateway.com |date=16 February 2017 |publisher=Colombo International Logistics Conference |access-date=6 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=JNPT speedy import program weighs on Gateway Distriparks |url=https://www.joc.com/international-logistics/logistics-providers/jnpt-speedy-import-program-weighs-gateway-distriparks-earnings_20170519.html |website=[[The Journal of Commerce]] |publisher=[[JOC Group]] |access-date=6 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=CFS DETAILS for Gateway Distriparks Ltd |url=http://164.100.155.199/index.php/cfs-details |website=Jawaharlal Nehru Custom House |publisher=Department of Revenue, Minister of Finance, Government of India |access-date=6 February 2019 |archive-date=7 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207015345/http://164.100.155.199/index.php/cfs-details |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Gateway Distriparks to operate Punjab Conware |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/gateway-distriparks-to-operate-punjab-conware-106122701088_1.html |website=[[Business Standard]] |publisher=Business Standard Ltd (BSL) |access-date=6 February 2019 |location=Mumbai |date=14 February 2013}}</ref>
|-
| 2001 || [[IDFC]] invested {{INR}}26 [[crores]] into GDL as [[private equity]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/logistic/2001/07/11/stories/0911g051.htm |title=IDFC picks 21 pc in Gateway Distriparks |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.in |date=2001-07-11 |access-date=2013-08-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826120229/http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/logistic/2001/07/11/stories/0911g051.htm |archive-date=2014-08-26 }}</ref>
|-
| 2004 || [[Temasek Holdings]] Singapore invested into GDL as private equity<ref>{{cite web |last1= |first1= |date=24 November 2004 |title=Temasek arm picks up 10% in logistics firm |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/temasek-arm-picks-up-10-in-logistics-firm-104112401089_1.html |access-date=12 February 2019 |website=[[Business Standard|Business Standard India]] |publisher=Business Standard Ltd.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Temasek arm buys 10% in logistics firm |url=https://www.rediff.com/money/report/temasek/20041124.htm |website=[[Rediff.com]] |publisher=Rediff.com India Ltd. |access-date=12 February 2019 |location=[[Mumbai, India]] |date=24 November 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/2004/11/24/stories/2004112404431401.htm | archive-url=https://archive.today/20140824085740/http://www.thehindu.com/2004/11/24/stories/2004112404431401.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=24 August 2014 | title= Temasek buys stake in Gateway | date=24 November 2004 | author=PTI | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | access-date=12 January 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Karun |first1=Shenoy |title=Gopinath Pillai lifts stake in GDL |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/Gopinath-Pillai-lifts-stake-in-GDL/articleshow/21113035.cms |access-date=6 February 2019 |work=[[The Times of India]] |agency=Times News Network |issue=1 |publisher=[[Times Group]] |date=17 July 2013}}</ref>

GDL acquired CFS in [[Chennai]] and CFS [[Vizag]] developed<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2004/04/24/stories/2004042400920400.htm |title=The Hindu Business Line : Gateway Distriparks plans greenfield project in Vizag |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.in |date=2004-04-24 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2005/08/20/stories/2005082003000700.htm |title=The Hindu Business Line : Gateway Distriparks launches operations in Vizag port |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.in |date=2005-08-20 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/announcements/-1641975.html|title=Gateway Distriparks subsidiary acquires 100% of Chandra CFS|website=Moneycontrol|date=4 February 2013 }}</ref>

Acquisition of ICD [[Garhi Harsaru]] and development by GatewayRail<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2004/05/06/stories/2004050600430900.htm |title=The Hindu Business Line : Gateway Distriparks buys CWCL's Gurgaon ICD |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.in |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>
|-
| 2005 || GDL Listed with [[National Stock Exchange of India|National Stock Exchange of India (NSE)]] and [[Bombay Stock Exchange|Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2005/04/01/stories/2005040102371300.htm |title=The Hindu Business Line : Gateway Distriparks lists with premium |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.in |date=2005-04-01 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>

GDL raised {{INR}}352.57 crore through the issue of [[Global depository receipt|GDR]] at [[Luxembourg]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bseindia.com/corporates/anndet_new.aspx?newsid=01d47abd-d3d5-4dd0-81b6-5436aac6291f&param1=1 |title=Announcements |publisher=Bseindia.com |date=2005-12-12 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>
|-
| 2006 || GatewayRail obtained Category I CTO (container train operator) licence worth {{INR}}50 crores<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=23796 |title=Press Information Bureau English Releases |publisher=Pib.nic.in |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>

GDL acquired majority stake in Snowman Frozen Foods Limited<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-11-22/news/27425711_1_snowman-amalgam-group-gdl |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715093634/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2006-11-22/news/27425711_1_snowman-amalgam-group-gdl |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 July 2014 |title=Gateway Distriparks to take over Snowman Frozen Foods - Economic Times |publisher=Articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-logistics/Gateway-Distriparks-acquires-50.1-pc-stake-in-Snowman/article20228394.ece|title=Gateway Distriparks acquires 50.1 pc stake in Snowman|website=@businessline|date=22 November 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-business/gateway-buys-501-pc-in-snowman-frozen-foods/article3051503.ece|title=Gateway buys 50.1 p.c. in Snowman Frozen Foods|newspaper=The Hindu |date=23 November 2006|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>
|-
| 2007 || GatewayRail and [[Container Corporation of India|Container Corporation of India (CONCOR)]] form venture for container terminal<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-logistics/Concor-Gateway-Rail-form-venture-for-container-terminal/article20159561.ece|title=Concor, Gateway Rail form venture for container terminal|website=@businessline|date=26 March 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.portnews.ru/news/3512/?kpk=1|title=Concor (India), Gateway Rail ink deal for container terminal|website=en.portnews.ru|date=27 March 2007 }}</ref><ref name="moneycontrol.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/|title=Share/Stock Market News - Latest NSE, BSE, Business News, Stock/Share Tips, Sensex Nifty, Commodity, Global Market News & Analysis|website=Moneycontrol}}</ref>

GDL takes over Punjab Conware CFS on 15 year operations & management (O&M) agreement<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/gateway-distriparks-to-operate-punjab-conware-106122701088_1.html |title=Gateway Distriparks to operate Punjab Conware |newspaper=Business Standard India |publisher=Business Standard |date=2006-12-27 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.projectstoday.com/News/Gateway-signs-pact-with-Punjab-Conware-for-freight-station|title=Gateway signs pact with Punjab Conware for freight station|website=www.projectstoday.com}}</ref><ref name="moneycontrol.com"/>
|-
| 2009 || Temasek sells 5.59% stake for {{INR}}28 crore<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vccircle.com/temasek-sells-bulk-its-stake-gateway-distriparks|title=Temasek Sells Bulk of Its Stake In Gateway Distriparks|date=5 March 2009|website=VCCircle}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-38361720090305|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207020009/https://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-38361720090305|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 February 2019|title=Temasek sells bulk of its stake in Gateway Distriparks|newspaper=Reuters |date=5 March 2009|via=in.reuters.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/37129999/temasek-holdings-sells-5-59-stake-gateway-distriparks|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114807/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/37129999/temasek-holdings-sells-5-59-stake-gateway-distriparks|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-08-26|title=Temasek Holdings Sells 5.59% Stake in Gateway Distriparks|website=connection.ebscohost.com|access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref>

[[Allcargo Logistics Limited]] buys 5.97% stake in GDL for {{INR}}29 crore<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/DSN2P62oDY267jFzIiXmjL/Allcargo-buys-597-stake-in-Gateway-Distriparks-for-Rs29-cr.html|title=Allcargo buys 5.97% stake in Gateway Distriparks for Rs29 crore|last=P.Manoj|first=P. R. Sanjai and|date=12 March 2009|website=livemint.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://origin-www.sify.com/finance/allcargo-global-buys-5-97-gateway-distriparks-shares-news-default-jegs3Ucdhfasi.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207020408/http://origin-www.sify.com/finance/allcargo-global-buys-5-97-gateway-distriparks-shares-news-default-jegs3Ucdhfasi.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2019-02-07|title=Allcargo Global buys 5.97% Gateway Distriparks shares|website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>

GatewayRail starts operations at ICD [[Sahnewal]] (Punjab)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-12-30/news/27616186_1_cargo-handling-first-rail-rail-sidings |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716023756/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-12-30/news/27616186_1_cargo-handling-first-rail-rail-sidings |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 July 2014 |title=Gateway Rail to invest Rs 25 cr to up cargo handling capacity - Economic Times |publisher=Articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com |date=2010-12-30 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/gateway-rail-opens-punjab%C3%ADs-pvt-rail-linked-logistics-park_372033.html |title=Gateway Rail opens Punjab's Pvt Rail Linked Logistics Park |publisher=Moneycontrol.com |date=2008-12-22 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/state-gets-its-first-raillinked-logistics-park-at-sahnewal/409004/|title=State gets its first rail-linked logistics park at Sahnewal - Indian Express|website=archive.indianexpress.com}}</ref>
|-
| 2010 || The [[Blackstone Group]] invested {{INR}}300 crores in GatewayRail<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-11-09/news/28458358_1_blackstone-group-rail-logistics-logistics-sector|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813002353/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-11-09/news/28458358_1_blackstone-group-rail-logistics-logistics-sector|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 August 2014|title=Blackstone to invest Rs 300 cr in Gateway Distriparks arm - Economic Times|date=2009-11-09|publisher=economictimes.indiatimes.com|access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>
|-
| 2011 || GatewayRail develops ICD [[Faridabad]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/logistics/gatewayrail-to-lay-rail-tracks-to-faridabad-container-depot/article3577472.ece |title=GatewayRail to lay rail tracks to Faridabad container depot | Business Line |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com |date=2012-06-27 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>
[[International Finance Corporation]] (IFC) invested {{INR}}24.89 crores in Snowman<ref>{{cite web|url=http://profit.ndtv.com/news/market/article-gateway-distriparks-executes-share-subscription-agreement-with-international-finance-corporation-59176 |title=Gateway Distriparks executes share subscription agreement with International Finance Corporation - NDTVProfit.com |publisher=Profit.ndtv.com |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ifcext.ifc.org/ifcext/pressroom/ifcpressroom.nsf/0/882E5ADFC2036D0F852579DB003CD887|title=Press Releases|website=ifcext.ifc.org|access-date=6 February 2019|archive-date=7 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207015920/https://ifcext.ifc.org/ifcext/pressroom/ifcpressroom.nsf/0/882E5ADFC2036D0F852579DB003CD887|url-status=dead}}</ref>

GatewayRail commences [[double-stack rail transport|double-stack]] container train operations<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiainfoline.com/article/news-corporate/gateway-rail-commences-double-stack-container-train-operations-113102209234_1.html|title=Gateway Rail commences double-stack container train operations|website=www.indiainfoline.com}}</ref>
|-
| 2012 || GDL starts operations at [[Kochi]] CFS<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/logistics/new-cfs-to-add-muscle-to-gateway-distriparks/article3794898.ece |title=New CFS to add muscle to Gateway Distriparks | Business Line |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com |date=2012-08-19 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/press-releases/gateway-distriparks-vallarpadam-cfs-commences-operations-112050900075_1.html|title=Gateway Distriparks' Vallarpadam CFS commences operations|last=Announcement|newspaper=Business Standard India |date=9 May 2012|via=Business Standard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/Gateway-Distriparks-launches-CFS-operations-at-Vallarpadam/article20431737.ece|title=Gateway Distriparks launches CFS operations at Vallarpadam|first=V. Sajeev|last=Kumar|website=@businessline|date=9 May 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/article2565292.ece|title=Double-stacks could be the game-changer|first=Mamuni|last=Das|website=@businessline|date=23 October 2011 }}</ref>

The Gateway Group crossed half a million [[Twenty-foot equivalent unit|TEUs]] annual throughput<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.myiris.com/shares/news/storyShowNew.php?fileR=20120402172638200&dir=2012/04/02 |title=Gateway Distriparks group's annual throughput crosses half a million TEUs |publisher=Myiris.com |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>
|-
| 2013 || GDL acquires a second CFS in [[Chennai]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/announcements/gateway-distriparks-subsidiary-acquires-100chandra-cfs_817944.html |title=Gateway Distriparks subsidiary acquires 100% of Chandra CFS |publisher=Moneycontrol.com |date=2013-02-04 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>

[[Norwest Venture Partners]] invested {{INR}}60 crores in Snowman<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-06-14/news/39976730_1_snowman-logistics-gateway-distriparks-nvp |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130624204006/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-06-14/news/39976730_1_snowman-logistics-gateway-distriparks-nvp |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 June 2013 |title=Gateway Distriparks subsidiary Snowman Logistics to get Rs 60 crores from NVP - Economic Times |publisher=Articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com |date=2013-06-14 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>

Snowman announces approval for [[Initial public offering|IPO]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/GATE.NS/key-developments/article/2805902 |title=Gateway Distriparks Ltd (GATE.NS) Key Developments |publisher=Reuters.com |date=2013-08-01 |access-date=2013-08-25}}</ref>

Snowman files for IPO<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/markets/snowman-logistics-files-for-public-issue-to-allow-exit-of-non-promoters/article23122003.ece|title=Snowman Logistics files for public issue to allow exit of non-promoters|website=@businessline|date=30 August 2013 }}</ref>
|-
| 2014 || GDL acquires 74 lakh equity shares of Snowman for {{INR}} 25.9 crores<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/announcements/gateway-distriparks-raises-its-stakesnowman-logistics-1078459.html|title=Gateway Distriparks raises its stake in Snowman Logistics|website=Moneycontrol}}</ref>

[[ICICI Bank|ICICI Prudential]] buys 10 lakh shares ({{Estimation}} 1 million) of GDL for {{INR}} 22.8 crores<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneyworks4me.com/company/news/index/id/107721|title=ICICI Prudential Mutual Fund buys 10 lakh shares of Gateway Distriparks - Gateway Distriparks Ltd. Latest News|website=www.moneyworks4me.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/gateway-distriparks-gains-icici-prudential-054705877.html|title=Gateway Distriparks gains after ICICI Prudential buys stake|last=Vishnoi|first=Abhishek|date=9 June 2014|work=[[Yahoo! Finance]]|access-date=6 February 2019|publisher=[[Oath Inc.]]|agency=[[Yahoo!]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/gateway-distriparks-gains-after-icici-prudential-buys-stake-453940|title=Gateway Distriparks Gains After ICICI Prudential Buys Stake|date=9 June 2014|website=[[NDTV]]|access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref>

GatewayRail starts rail operations at ICD [[Faridabad]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://netindian.in/news/2014/08/04/00030035/gateway-rail-commissions-new-faridabad-inland-container-depot|title=Gateway Rail commissions new Faridabad Inland Container Depot - NetIndian|date=4 August 2014|website=netindian.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://steelguru.com/steel/GatewayRail%20Freight%20starts%20rail%20operations%20at%20rail%20linked%20logistics%20park%20in%20Haryana%0D%0A/346213?type=steel|title=GatewayRail Freight starts rail operations at rail linked logistics park in Haryana|last=|website=SteelGuru India|access-date=6 February 2019|archive-date=7 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207015750/https://steelguru.com/steel/GatewayRail%20Freight%20starts%20rail%20operations%20at%20rail%20linked%20logistics%20park%20in%20Haryana%0D%0A/346213?type=steel|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Snowman files [[red herring prospectus]] for an IPO of its equity shares<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Money/zgmL0JrGrDibzOcgBhvqUI/Gateway-Distriparks-to-list-its-cold-chain-unit-by-month-end.html|title=Gateway Distriparks to list its cold chain unit by month end|last=Sanjai|first=P. R.|date=16 August 2014|website=livemint.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/GATE.NS/key-developments|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706051347/http://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/GATE.NS/key-developments|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 July 2017|title=Gateway Distriparks Ltd (GATE.NS); Key Developments - Reuters.com|author=Reuters Editorial|website=U.S.|access-date=6 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vccircle.com/gateway-distriparks-cold-chain-unit-snowman-logistics-get-listed|title=Gateway Distriparks' cold chain unit Snowman Logistics to get listed|date=18 August 2014|website=VCCircle}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Money/VREKaIQfpPKAjrB2xBsnWN/Midsize-infra-firms-line-up-for-IPOs.html|title=Mid-size infra firms line up for IPOs|last=Sarkar|first=Malvika Joshi, Madhura Karnik, Pooja|date=19 August 2014|website=livemint.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/markets/gateway-distriparks-hits-record-high-as-unit-plans-ipo-114081900237_1.html|title=Gateway Distriparks hits record high as unit plans IPO|first=S. I.|last=Reporter|newspaper=Business Standard India |date=19 August 2014|via=Business Standard}}</ref>

Snowman IPO opens on 26 August in the range of {{INR}}44-47<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/ipos/fpos/snowman-logistics-ipo-on-august-26-its-a-buy-say-brokerages/articleshow/40678940.cms|title=Snowman Logistics' IPO on August 26; it's a buy, say brokerages|date=2014-08-22|work=[[The Economic Times]]|access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref>

Snowman IPO opens and anchor investors subscribe to 94.5 lakh shares at {{INR}}47 per share<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Money/3qurxcHaBCCncVb9nIMbXL/Snowman-Logistics-says-anchor-investors-subscribe-to-shares.html|title=Snowman Logistics says anchor investors subscribe to shares at Rs47 per share|last=Shah|first=Ami|date=25 August 2014|website=livemint.com}}</ref>

Snowman IPO oversubscribed 60 times<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-cm/snowman-logistics-ipo-subscribed-59-75-times-114083000131_1.html|title=Snowman Logistics IPO subscribed 59.75 times|first=Capital|last=Market|newspaper=Business Standard India |date=30 August 2014|via=Business Standard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/business/business-others/snowman-logistics-ipo-oversubscribed-61-times/|title=Snowman Logistics IPO oversubscribed 61 times|date=29 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Money/nknLhFGko7huJvUQZOYcSI/Snowman-Logistics-IPO-subscribes-nearly-60-times.html|title=Snowman Logistics' IPO subscribes nearly 60 times|last=Shah|first=Ami|date=28 August 2014|website=livemint.com}}</ref>

Snowman listed at {{INR}}76 (62% premium against issue price)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/investors-make-big-gains-with-snowman-logistics-sizzling-debut-on-d-street/articleshow/42392215.cms|title=Investors make big gains with Snowman Logistics' sizzling debut on D-Street|last1=Mandavia|first1=Megha|date=2014-09-13|work=[[The Economic Times]]|access-date=2019-02-06|last2=Mascarenhas|first2=Rajesh}}</ref>

GDL share price at an all-time high at {{INR}}278.90<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/stocks/gateway-distriparks-hits-record-high-post-snowmans-listing-1292519.html|title=Gateway Distriparks hits record high post Snowman's listing|website=Moneycontrol}}</ref>

Snowman gives 100% returns in six sessions<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/news/snowman-logisitics-gives-100-returns-in-six-sessions/articleshow/42877223.cms|title=Snowman Logisitics gives 100% returns in six sessions|date=2014-09-19|work=[[The Economic Times]]|access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref>

Snowman planning to set up 3 warehouses and increase capacity by 14,500 pallets<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fnbnews.com/Top-News/Snowman-Logistics-plans-3-warehouses-2-will-have-5000-pellets-capacity|title=FNB News - Snowman Logistics plans 3 warehouses; 2 will have 5000 pellets capacity - FNB News|website=www.fnbnews.com}}</ref>
|-
|2018
|GDL acquires Blackstone shareholding in Gateway Rail Freight Limited <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/markets/gateway-distriparks-buys-blackstone-stake-in-rail-arm/article23993262.ece|title=Gateway Distriparks buys Blackstone stake in rail arm|work=@businessline|access-date=2018-05-28|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Raghavan |first1=Ranjani |title=Blackstone drags Gateway Distriparks into arbitration |url=https://www.vccircle.com/dsk-legal-and-trilegal-name-new-partners |website=[[VCCircle]] |date=2 January 2019 |publisher=Mosaic Media Ventures |access-date=6 February 2019}}</ref>
|-
|2019
|Started Inland Container Depot (ICD) operations at [[Viramgam]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://businessworld.in/article/1st-Export-Train-Flagged-Off-By-Ahmedabad-Division-Of-Indian-Railways/31-07-2019-174182|title=1st Export Train Flagged Off By Ahmedabad Division Of Indian Railways|last=Bureau|first=BW Online|website=BW Businessworld|language=en|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|In June 2023, Gateway Distriparks Ltd. initiated double-stack rail transportation services between [[Viramgam]] Inland Container Depot (ICD) in [[Ahmedabad]] and [[Mundra Port]], aimed at enhancing operational efficiency and reducing logistics costs for its Export-Import (EXIM) trade customers.<ref>[https://www.bqprime.com/business/gateway-distriparks-begins-double-stack-rail-services-between-viramgam-icd-and-mundra-port BQ Prime]</ref>
|-
|}

==Core Business==

GDL operates three core businesses: Container Freight Stations (CFS), Rail-linked Inland Container Depots (ICD) and Cold Chain Storage & Logistics.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gateway Distriparks Ltd (GATE.BO) |url=https://in.reuters.com/finance/stocks/company-profile/GATE.BO |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207020042/https://in.reuters.com/finance/stocks/company-profile/GATE.BO |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 February 2019 |website=[[Reuters]] |publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]] |access-date=6 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Gateway Distriparks Ltd. |url=https://www.business-standard.com/company/gateway-distr-14744/information/company-history |website=[[Business Standard]] |publisher=Business Standard Ltd. |access-date=6 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Gateway Distriparks Ltd; Share Price, Gateway Distriparks |url=https://www.indiainfoline.com/company/gateway-distriparks-ltd/summary/14744 |website=[[India Infoline]] |access-date=6 February 2019}}</ref>

===Container Freight Stations (CFS)===
GDL operates Container Freight Stations, located at major Indian ports such as [[Navi Mumbai]], [[Chennai]], [[Visakhapatanam]], and [[Kochi]]. The stations offer container yards, general warehousing, bonded warehousing, empty handling and [[RFID]] technologies used for container tracking. GDL also has its own dedicated fleet of over 25 rakes and 265 trailers for first and last mile connectivity.<ref name="OvGDL">{{cite web |title=Overview of Gateway Distriparks |url=http://be.acespheremf.com/UploadResearch/634726046066563750_Gateway%20Distripark.pdf |website=Balance equity |publisher=InfoRes & Advisors (Consilium) |access-date=6 February 2019 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="GDLS">{{cite news |title=Gateway Distriparks undergoes changes in shareholding pattern |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/gateway-distriparks-undergoes-changes-in-shareholding-pattern/articleshow/50301097.cms |website=[[The Economic Times]] |publisher=[[The Times Group]] |access-date=6 February 2019}}</ref>

===Rail-linked Inland Container Depots (ICD)===
GDL's rail operations are handled by its subsidiary, Gateway Rail Freight Limited. The ICDs are located at [[Garhi Harsaru]] ([[Gurgaon|Gurgaon, Haryana]]), [[Sahnewal]] ([[Ludhiana|Ludhiana, Punjab]]) and [[Faridabad|Faridabad, Haryana]]. In 2010, [[Blackstone Group]] had invested {{INR}}300 crores in GatewayRail, and then in 2019 GDL bought back the entire shareholding from Blackstone.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="auto"/> Company had announced the fifth rail linked container terminal of its subsidiary, Gateway Rail Freight Limited at [[Viramgam]].<ref name="OvGDL"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.apherald.com/Business/ViewArticle/261177/Gateway-Rail-to-Start-Handling-Container-Traffic-at-Viramgam/|title=Gateway Rail to Start Handling Container Traffic at Viramgam|work=APHerald [Andhra Pradesh Herald]|access-date=2018-10-19|language=en}}</ref>

===Cold Chain Logistics===
The [[cold chain]] logistics of GDL is run by its subsidiary, Snowman Logistics Limited.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Agaram |first1=Sundar Mangadu |title=Snowman Logistics Limited |url=https://www.sebi.gov.in/sebi_data/attachdocs/1378197720977.pdf |website=sebi.gov.in |publisher=[[Securities and Exchange Board of India]] |access-date=6 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="OvGDL"/><ref name="GDLS"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|http://www.gateway-distriparks.com/}}
{{Logistics companies of India}}

[[Category:Logistics companies of India]]
[[Category:Companies based in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1994]]
[[Category:1994 establishments in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange]]

Neem oil

2026-01-15T00:59:54Z

Tyrone73H144: Stub

{{Short description|Vegetable oil from the Indian neem tree}}
{{use dmy dates |date=June 2024}}
[[Image:Expeller (4).jpg|thumb|200px|right|Pressed neem oil]]

'''Neem oil''', also known as '''margosa oil''', is a [[vegetable oil]] pressed from the fruits and seeds of the neem (''[[Azadirachta indica]]''), a tree which is indigenous to the [[Indian subcontinent]] and has been introduced to many other areas in the tropics. It is the most important of the commercially available products of neem, and is a potent [[pesticide]] used in organic farming.

== Composition ==
[[Azadirachtin]] is the most well known and studied [[triterpenoid]] in neem oil. [[nimbin (chemical)|Nimbin]] is another triterpenoid which has been credited with some of neem oil's properties as an [[antiseptic]], [[antifungal]], [[antipyretic]] and [[antihistamine]].<ref>W. Kraus, "Biologically active ingredients-azadirachtin and other triterpenoids", in: H. Schutterer (Ed.), ''The Neem Tree Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Other Meliaceous Plants'', Weinheim, New York, 1995, pp. 35–88. {{ISBN|3-527-30054-6}}</ref>

== Uses ==

=== Ayurveda ===
Neem Oil has a history of use in [[Ayurvedic]] [[traditional medicine|folk medicine]].<ref name="drugs">{{cite web |url=https://www.drugs.com/npc/neem.html |title=Neem Oil Monograph |publisher=Drugs.com |access-date=26 January 2016 |archive-date=16 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316123156/https://www.drugs.com/npc/neem.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Puri-1999>{{Cite book | last1= Puri | first1= H. S. | year= 1999 | title= Neem: The Divine Tree. Azadirachta indica | publisher= Harwood Academic Publications | location= Amsterdam | isbn= 978-90-5702-348-4 }}</ref>

=== Pesticide ===
Formulations that include neem oil have found wide usage as a [[biopesticide]] for horticulturists{{cn|date=April 2025}} and for [[organic farming]], as it repels a wide variety of insect pests including [[mealy bug]]s, [[beet armyworm]]s, [[aphids]], [[cabbage worm]]s, [[thrips]], [[whiteflies]], [[mites]], [[fungus gnats]], beetles, [[moth]] larvae, mushroom flies, [[leaf miners]], [[caterpillars]], [[locusts]], [[nematodes]] and [[Japanese beetle]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1146/annurev.ento.51.110104.151146|pmid=16332203|title=Botanical Insecticides, Deterrents, and Repellents in Modern Agriculture and an Increasingly Regulated World|journal=Annual Review of Entomology|volume=51|pages=45–66|year=2006|last1=Isman|first1=Murray B}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|pmid=8936291|year=1995|last1=Mishra|first1=A. K|title=Use of neem oil as a mosquito repellent in tribal villages of mandla district, madhya pradesh|journal=Indian Journal of Malariology|volume=32|issue=3|pages=99–103|last2=Singh|first2=N|last3=Sharma|first3=V. P}}</ref>

When sufficiently diluted and not concentrated directly into their area of habitat or on their food source, neem oil is not known to be harmful to mammals, birds, earthworms or some beneficial insects such as butterflies, [[Western honey bee|honeybees]] and [[Coccinellidae|ladybug]]s. It can be used as a household [[pesticide]] for [[ant]]s, [[Bed bug|bedbug]]s, [[cockroach]]es, [[houseflies]], [[sand flies]], [[snail]]s, [[termite]]s and [[mosquito]]es both as a repellent and as a larvicide.<ref name=Puri-1999/>

Neem extracts act as an [[antifeedant]] and block the action of the insect molting hormone [[ecdysone]]. [[Azadirachtin]] is the most active of these growth regulators ([[limonoid]]s), occurring at 0.2–0.4% in the seeds of the neem tree.<ref>{{citation | author=Robert L. Metcalf | contribution=Insect Control | title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry | edition=7th | publisher=Wiley | year=2007 | pages=1–64 | doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_263| title-link=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry | isbn=978-3527306732 }}</ref>

== Toxicity ==
Neem oil appears quite toxic by ingestion and can cause [[metabolic acidosis]], [[seizure]]s, [[kidney failure]], [[encephalopathy]] and severe brain swelling in infants and young children.<ref name="drugs" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Meeran |first1=M |last2=Murali |first2=A |last3=Balakrishnan |first3=R |last4=Narasimhan |first4=D |title="Herbal remedy is natural and safe"--truth or myth? |journal=The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India |date=November 2013 |volume=61 |issue=11 |pages=848–50 |pmid=24974507}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bhaskar |first1=MV |last2=Pramod |first2=SJ |last3=Jeevika |first3=MU |last4=Chandan |first4=PK |last5=Shetteppa |first5=G |title=MR imaging findings of neem oil poisoning. |journal=AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology |date=August 2010 |volume=31 |issue=7 |pages=E60-1 | pmc=7965469 |doi=10.3174/ajnr.A2146 |pmid=20448012|doi-access=free }}</ref> Neem oil is not recommended for use by pregnant women, women who are trying to conceive or are breastfeeding and those under the age of 18.<ref name="drugs" /> It can also be associated with allergic [[contact dermatitis]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=de Groot |first1=A |last2=Jagtman |first2=BA |last3=Woutersen |first3=M |title=Contact Allergy to Neem Oil. |journal=Dermatitis: Contact, Atopic, Occupational, Drug |date=2017 |volume=28 |issue=6 |pages=360–362 |doi=10.1097/DER.0000000000000309 |pmid=29059091|s2cid=39042581 }}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Neem cake]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Neem Oil}}
[[Category:Plant toxin insecticides]]
[[Category:Vegetable oils]]

Kovilthottam Lighthouse

2026-01-03T22:34:32Z

Tyrone73H144: slightly added page for consistency and updated info

{{Short description|Lighthouse in Kerala, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox lighthouse
| image_name = Kovilthottam Lighthouse, Nov 2016.jpg
| caption = The lighthouse in 2016
| location = Kovilthottam, [[Kollam district|Kollam]], [[India]]
| coordinates = {{coord|8.984715|76.524523|format=dms|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| yearbuilt = 1953 (first)
| yearlit = 1962
| foundation = reinforced concrete
| construction = masonry tower
| marking = black tower with a horizontal white band, black lantern
| shape = square tower with balcony and lantern
| height = {{convert|18|m}}
| focalheight = {{convert|20|m}} above [[mean sea level|MSL]]
| lens = 250 mm 4th order cut & polished drum optic inside 1.8 m diameter Lantern House (BBT)
| intensity = 500W halogen lamp (220/250 volt) AC
| range = {{convert|15|nmi}}
| characteristic = Fl W 5s.
}}

'''Kovilthottam Lighthouse''' is situated at Kovilthottam in [[Kollam district]] of [[Kerala]]. The 18-meter-tall [[lighthouse]] tower is painted with black and white alternating bands.<ref name="Lighthouses">{{Cite web |url=http://kerala.bizhat.com/lighthouses.html |title=Lighthouses in Kerala |access-date=19 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319042907/http://kerala.bizhat.com/lighthouses.html |archive-date=19 March 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> Operated by the Directorate General of Lighthouses and Lightships, the lighthouse features a 70 W LED light with a range of 15 nautical miles and the characteristic Fl (3) W 15s.

== History ==
== Structure & Technical Specifications ==
The Kovilthottam Lighthouse stands on the Arabian Sea coast near the mouth of the [[Ashtamudi Lake]]. The lighthouse was constructed to aid navigation for vessels entering the [[Neendakara]] and [[Chavara]] backwaters, which are vital for the local fishing and cashew industries. The tower is a cylindrical concrete structure with a height of 18 meters (59 ft), painted with black and white horizontal bands, and topped by a red lantern. The focal plane of the light is situated 17 meters above mean sea level. The lighthouse originally used an oil-based light source, later replaced by an electronic flasher powered by solar energy. The current light characteristic is Fl (3) W 15s, meaning three white flashes every 15 seconds, with a range of 15 nautical miles. The light source is a 70 W LED, and the lantern uses a 6-panel optic manufactured by [[J. Stone & Co|M/s J. Stone & Co. Ltd.]], UK.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kovilthottam Light house DGLL |url=https://www.dgll.nic.in/sites/default/files/2022-12/Master%20Ledger%20Cochin%2014.pdf |access-date=11 July 2025 |website=dgll.nic.in}}</ref> The structure includes a service room and gallery, and is operated and maintained by the Directorate General of Lighthouses and Lightships (DGLL) under [[Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Indian_Journal_of_Radio_Space_Physics/nN76foOYsGwC |title=Indian Journal of Radio & Space Physics |date=1994 |publisher=Council of Scientific & Industrial Research |page=257 |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|India|Engineering}}
* [[List of lighthouses in India]]

== References ==
<ref>{{cite web |title=Indian Lighthouses – An overview |url=http://www.dgll.nic.in/WriteReadData/Publication/Publication_Pdf_File/LighthousesofIndia(2).pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218163515/http://www.dgll.nic.in/WriteReadData/Publication/Publication_Pdf_File/LighthousesofIndia(2).pdf |archive-date=18 December 2014 |access-date=2 April 2015 |publisher=DGLL India}}</ref>{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Lighthouse Digest|6315}}
* {{Commons category-inline|Kovilthottam Lighthouse|position=left}}
* {{ARLHS link}}

{{Lighthouses in Kerala|state=expanded}}
{{Kollam |state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Lighthouses in Kerala]]
[[Category:Lighthouses completed in 1953]]
[[Category:1953 establishments in Travancore–Cochin]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Kollam]]
[[Category:Lighthouses completed in 1961]]

Chaugan Stadium

2026-01-02T01:47:16Z

Tyrone73H144: adjusted details per standard format and added references

{{Short description|Stadium in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
'''Chaugan Stadium''' is a stadium in [[Jaipur]] city in [[Rajasthan]] state in [[India]]. [[Elephant polo]] matches are played here. The stadium is a venue of [[Teej]] festivities and [[Elephant Festival]]. The stadium lies between Gangauri Bazaar and the [[City Palace, Jaipur|City Palace]] not far away from [[Govind Dev Ji Temple]].

==References==
*Jaipur, profile of a changing city by Ramesh Kumar Arora, Rakesh Hooja, Shashi Mathur

{{Coord|26.9305629|N|75.8206665|E|display=title}}

[[Category:Cricket grounds in Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Sports venues in Jaipur]]
[[Category:Elephant festivals]]
[[Category:Event venues with year of establishment missing]]

{{India-sports-venue-stub}}
{{India-cricket-ground-stub}}

2009 Indian general election in Himachal Pradesh

2025-12-31T17:40:10Z

Tyrone73H144: Minor edits and structural improvements

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
{{more refs|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2009 Indian general election in Himachal Pradesh
| country = India
| type = parliamentary
| previous_election = 2004 Indian general election in Himachal Pradesh
| previous_year = 2004
| next_election = 2014 Indian general election in Himachal Pradesh
| next_year = 2014
| election_date = 13 May 2009
| seats_for_election = 4 seats
| turnout = 58.43%
| party1 = Bharatiya Janata Party
| last_election1 = 1
| seats1 = '''3'''
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 2
| party2 = Indian National Congress
| last_election2 = 3
| seats2 = 1
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 2
| map_image = 2009 election.png
| map_caption = [[Himachal Pradesh]]
| ongoing =
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Lotus flower symbol.svg|bSize=120|cWidth=120|cHeight=120|oLeft=0|oTop=0}}
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Hand INC.svg||bSize=140|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=16|oTop=0}}
| percentage1 = '''49.58%'''
| percentage2 = 45.61%
| title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| before_election = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| before_party = Indian National Congress
| after_election = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| after_party = Indian National Congress
}}

The [[2009 Indian general election]] in [[Himachal Pradesh]] were held for 4 seats. [[Bhartiya Janata Party]] won 3 seats. While [[Indian National Congress]] won 1 seat.<ref name=election2009>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/98-general-election-2009/ |title=General Election 2009 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 22 October 2021}}</ref>

== Parties and alliances ==

==={{legend2|{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}|[[National Democratic Alliance]]}}===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!colspan="2"|Party
!Flag
!Symbol
!Leader
!Seats contested
|-
|{{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[File:BJP flag.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Lotus flower symbol.svg|50px]]
|[[Prem Kumar Dhumal]]
|4
|}

==={{legend2|{{party color|United Progressive Alliance}}|[[United Progressive Alliance]]}}===

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!colspan="2"|Party
!Flag
!Symbol
!Leader
!Seats contested
|-
|{{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|[[File:Indian National Congress Flag.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Hand INC.svg|50px]]
|[[Virbhadra Singh]]
|4
|-
|}

==Results==

===Party Wise Results===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="4" rowspan="2" | Party Name
! colspan="3" | Popular vote
! colspan="3" | Seats
|-
! Votes
! %
! ±[[Percentage point|pp]]
! Contested
! Won
! '''+/−'''
|-
| {{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| colspan="3"|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| 13,33,774
| 49.58
| {{increase}} 5.34
| 4
| 3
| {{increase}} 2
|-
| {{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
| colspan="3"|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| 12,26,933
| 45.61
| {{decrease}} 6.28
| 4
| 1
| {{decrease}} 2
|-
| {{Party color cell|Other}}
| colspan="3" | [[2009 Indian general election in Himachal Pradesh#Others|Others]]
| 89,592
| 3.33
| {{steady}}
| 14
| 0
| {{steady}}
|-
| {{Party color cell|Independent (politician)}}
| colspan="3" | [[Independent (politician)|IND]]
| 39,991
| 1.49
| {{decrease}} 0.17
| 9
| 0
| {{steady}}
|-
! colspan="4" | Total
! 26,90,290
! 100%
! -
! 31
! 4
! -
|}

===Elected MPs===
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!colspan="2" rowspan="2"|Constituency
! colspan="5" |Winner
! colspan="5" |Runner-up
! colspan="2" |Margin
|-
!Candidate
! colspan="2" |Party
! data-sort-type=number | Votes
! data-sort-type=number | %
!Candidate
! colspan="2" |Party
!data-sort-type=number | Votes
!data-sort-type=number | %
!data-sort-type=number | Votes
!data-sort-type=number | %
|-
!1
|[[Kangra Lok Sabha constituency|Kangra]]
|Dr. Rajan Sushant
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|322,254
|48.69
|Chander Kumar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|301,475
|45.55
!style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|20,779
!style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|3.14

|-
!2
|[[Mandi Lok Sabha constituency|Mandi]]
|[[Virbhadra Singh]]
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|340,973
|47.82
|Maheshwar Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|326,976
|45.86
!style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|13,997
!style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|1.96

|-
!3
|[[Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency|Hamirpur]]
|[[Anurag Thakur|Anurag Singh Thakur]]
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|373,598
|53.47
|Narinder Thakur
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|300,866
|43.06
!style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|72,732
!style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|10.41

|-
!4
|[[Shimla Lok Sabha constituency|Shimla]]
|Virender Kashyap
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|310,946
|50.42
|Dhani Ram Shandil
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|283,619
|45.99
!style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|27,327
!style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|4.43
|-
|}

==Post-election Union Council of Ministers from Himachal Pradesh==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto; text-align:center;"
|-
!#
!Name
!Constituency
!Designation
!Department
!From
!To
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
|rowspan="2"|1
|rowspan="2"|Virbhadra Singh
|rowspan="2"|Mandi
|rowspan="2"|Cabinet Minister
|Steel
|28 May 2009
|19 January 2011
|{{party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
|19 January 2011
|26 June 2012
|-
|}

== Assembly Segment wise lead ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan=2|Party
!Assembly segments
!Position in Assembly (as of 2012 election)
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|
! [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| 48
| 26
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
! [[Indian National Congress]]
| 20
| 36
|-
|bgcolor=#FAF8FA|
! Others
| 0
| 6
|-
!colspan=2|Total
!colspan=2|68
|}

==See also==
* [[Results of the 2009 Indian general election by state]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Himachal Pradesh elections}}

[[Category:2009 Indian general election by state or union territory|Himachal]]
[[Category:Indian general elections in Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:2000s in Himachal Pradesh]]

Richard Burn (Indologist)

2025-12-29T03:18:56Z

Tyrone73H144: Starting First Article Initial Version!

{{short description|English civil servant, Indologist, and numismatist}}
{{EngvarB|date=June 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}
[[File:Sir Richard Burn 1871 - 1947.jpg|thumbnail|right|Sir Richard Burn, as photographed by [[Walter Stoneman]], 1940.]]
'''Sir Richard Burn''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CSI}} (1 February 1871 – 26 July 1947) was an English civil servant in [[British India]], historian of India and [[Numismatics|numismatist]].<ref name=who>"BURN, Sir Richard", in ''[[Who Was Who]]'', [[A & C Black]], online edition, [[Oxford University Press]], 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2014.</ref> He was the editor of Volume IV of ''[[The Cambridge History of India]]'' and contributed four chapters to Volume VI of that work on the Indian political situation after 1900.

== Early life ==
Burn was born in Liverpool, educated at the [[Liverpool Institute High School for Boys|Liverpool Institute]], then at [[Christ Church, Oxford|Christ Church College]], University of Oxford.<ref name=who />

== Career in India ==
Burn entered the [[Indian Civil Service]] in 1891.<ref name=IndBio>Hayavadana Rao, C. (Ed.) (1915) [https://archive.org/details/indianbiographic00raoc ''The Indian biographical dictionary 1915''.] Madras: Pillar & Co., pp. 72–73. [[s:The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Burn, Hon’ble Mr. Richard|At Wikisource.]]</ref> He became Under-Secretary to the Government of the [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Provinces]] in 1897, Superintendent of the Census 1900, and of the ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India|Imperial Gazetteer]]'' in 1902, and editor in 1905.<ref name=IndBio />

He was Secretary to the Government of the United Provinces, and member of the Legislative Council, from 1910 (Chief Secretary, 1912).<ref name=who /><ref name=IndBio /> He became a Commissioner in 1918 and member of the Board of Revenue, United Provinces, in 1922. In 1926 he was Acting Finance Member. Burn retired in 1927.<ref name=who />

Burn was awarded the [[Kaisar-i-Hind Medal|Kaiser-i-Hind gold medal]] for famine services in India in 1907–08, and [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]] in 1927.<ref name=who />

== ''The Imperial Gazetteer of India'' ==
[[File:Map of the United Provinces from The Imperial Gazetteer of India (1907-1909).jpg|thumbnail|right|The United Provinces in 1909 in a map from ''The Imperial Gazetteer of India''.]]
Burn was the third editor in India of the new edition of ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', replacing [[William Stevenson Meyer]] who had himself replaced [[Herbert Hope Risley|Sir Herbert Risley]], both of whom had been promoted to more senior positions. The ''Gazetteer'' was published in 26 volumes at Oxford from 1909. The first edition had been published in 1881 and the second in 1885–87.<ref>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V01_004.gif "General Preface"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203051800/https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V01_004.gif |date=3 December 2022 }} ''The Imperial Gazetteer of India: The Indian Empire, Vol. I Descriptive.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. v.</ref>

In a paper read before the Indian Section of [[The Royal Society of Arts]] in 1908, Burn described the great efforts that had been made to improve on earlier editions of the ''Gazetteer'', including a vastly expanded contents and the inclusion of a detailed atlas. He reported that it had taken years of discussion to settle the form of the work:
{{quote|It is not my intention to weary you by detailing the numerous proposals and counter-proposals which followed the decision that a new revised gazetteer should be prepared. There is a story relating that a newcomer in the secretariat of the Government of India was appalled by the number of officials whom it was deemed necessary to consult regarding a certain file. In sending it on, he noted (whether ingenuously or with undue levity must not be enquired) that by some mistake the file had not yet been submitted for the opinion of the Bishop of Calcutta, though all other high officials had seen it.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41338107 | jstor=41338107 | title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India | last1=Burn | first1=Richard | journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Arts | date=1908 | volume=56 | issue=2884 | pages=364–373 }}</ref>}}

== Numismatics ==
Burn was a knowledgeable numismatist, producing papers on the subject that were published in the ''[[Numismatic Chronicle]]'' and the journals of the [[Royal Asiatic Society]] and the [[Asiatic Society of Bengal]].<ref name=who /> He was a founder member, in 1910, of the [[Numismatic Society of India]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081223191452/http://www.bhu.ac.in/aihc/ins.htm Numismatic Society of India] Banars Hindu University, 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2014. </ref>

== Selected publications ==
*''Census report of the United Provinces''. 1902.
*''[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/ The Imperial Gazetteer of India]''. 3rd edition. Clarendon Press, Oxford, from 1909. (Editor)
*''The Cambridge History of India Vol. IV The Mughul period''. University Press, Cambridge, 1937. Planned by Wolseley Haig, edited by Richard Burn.
*''[https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistory035143mbp The Cambridge History of India Vol. VI. The Indian Empire, 1858–1918. With chapters on the development of administration, 1818–1858]''. 1932. Edited by H.H. Dodwell. Four chapters by Richard Burn.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Burn, Richard}}
[[Category:1871 births]]
[[Category:1947 deaths]]
[[Category:Writers from Liverpool]]
[[Category:English Indologists]]
[[Category:People educated at Liverpool Institute High School for Boys]]
[[Category:Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Star of India]]
[[Category:Indian Civil Service (British India) officers]]
[[Category:British administration in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:Historians from British India]]

The Lives of Others (novel)

2025-12-12T23:22:07Z

Tyrone73H144: Creating some data from scratch

{{Short description|2014 novel by Neel Mukherjee}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox book
| name = The Lives of Others
| title_orig =
| image = Neel Mukherjee - The Lives of Others.jpg
| author = [[Neel Mukherjee (writer)|Neel Mukherjee]]
| cover_artist =
| country = India
| language = [[English language|English]]
| series =
| genre =
| publisher = [[Chatto & Windus]] (UK); [[W. W. Norton]] (US)
| release_date = 22 May 2014 (UK); 1 October 2014 (US)
| media_type = Print ([[Hardcover|Hardback]])
| pages = 528 pp (UK hardback edition)
| isbn = 978-0-7011-8629-6
| oclc=
}}

'''''The Lives of Others''''' is a [[novel]] by [[Neel Mukherjee (writer)|Neel Mukherjee]]. It was published in 2014 by [[Chatto & Windus]] in the UK and [[W. W. Norton & Company]] in the US. The novel, the author's second one, was shortlisted for the [[2014 Man Booker Prize]] on 9 September 2014.<ref name=toi>{{cite web|title=Neel Mukherjee shortlisted for 2014 Man Booker prize|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/books/Neel-Mukherjee-shortlisted-for-2014-Man-Booker-prize/articleshow/42169778.cms|website=[[The Times of India]]|accessdate=23 September 2014}}</ref> Bookbinder [[Tom McEwan (bookbinder)|Tom McEwan]] was commissioned to make a custom binding for the book at the ceremony at the [[Guildhall, London|Guildhall]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Designer bindings of Man Booker shortlist on display at Waterstones, Piccadilly | the Man Booker Prizes |url=http://www.themanbookerprize.com/feature/designer-bindings-man-booker-shortlist-display-waterstones-piccadilly |url-status=dead |accessdate=2014-12-19 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219142633/http://www.themanbookerprize.com/feature/designer-bindings-man-booker-shortlist-display-waterstones-piccadilly |archivedate=19 December 2014 |df=dmy-all}}, "Designer bindings of Man Booker shortlist on display at Waterstones, Piccadilly". Retrieved on 19 December 2014.</ref>

The novel is set in [[Calcutta]] (Kolkata) in the 1960s and follows a wealthy business family, one of whose members gets involved in extremist political activism. The book deals with the chasm between generations, and is set against a backdrop in which the gulf between the poor and the wealthy has never been wider.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Lives of Others|url=http://www.themanbookerprize.com/books/lives-others|website=[[2014 Man Booker Prize]]|accessdate=23 September 2014}}</ref>

== Writing ==
The novel is split into two interlacing narratives, typeset in different fonts. One is an epistolary account of a violent agrarian movement through the eyes of Ghosh family scion Supratik, who has left his home to mobilise the oppressed peasants against corrupt moneylenders and landlords. The other is a third-person account around the Ghosh family,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lal |first1=Nandini |title=Book review: 'The Lives of Others,' by Neel Mukherjee |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/book-review-the-lives-of-others-by-neel-mukherjee/2014/10/13/95973596-4f31-11e4-aa5e-7153e466a02d_story.html |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=13 October 2014}}</ref> which forms the bulk of the book.<ref name=nyt/> The story touches briefly on notable moments of the city's history such as the [[Bengal famine of 1943]], the [[Great Calcutta Killings]] of 1946, and the [[Partition of India]]. Most of the action takes place in the years 1968–72.<ref name=ghosh>{{cite web |title=Neel Mukherjee's THE LIVES OF OTHERS: a review |last1=Ghosh |first1=Amitav |author-link1=Amitav Ghosh |url=https://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=6400 |date=3 May 2014}}</ref>

Like many other Indian novels in English, the text includes [[Bengali language|Bengali]] words and phrases. A family tree and a guide to Bengali relational terms is provided.<ref name=independent/>

The tension between classes is at the core of the novel.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Beretta|first=Carlotta Maria|date=2019-04-02|title=Righting the Subalterns? Neel Mukherjee's The Lives of Others and the Naxalite Movement|url=https://revistes.uab.cat/indialogs/article/view/v6-beretta|journal=Indialogs|volume=6|pages=65|doi=10.5565/rev/indialogs.130|issn=2339-8523|doi-access=free}}</ref> ''[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]'' described the book to have a [[neo-orientalism|neo-orientalist]] agenda.<ref name=statesman>{{cite web|author=Somdatta Mandal|title=The neo-orientalist agenda|url=http://www.thestatesman.com/supplements/the-neo-orientalist-agenda-92942.html|newspaper=The Statesman|date=27 September 2015}}</ref>

Describing the unexpected ease with which he wrote the novel, Mukherjee said:<ref name=rsl>{{cite web |url=https://rsliterature.org/award/rsl-encore-award/ |title=RSL Encore Award |date=30 August 2016 |publisher=Royal Society of Literature |access-date=3 August 2017}}</ref>
{{Blockquote|"Writers rarely have access to that part of their heads where books originate. One can talk cogently of influences, plotting, putting a book together, structuring, editing, everything, really, but origins are a far cloudier issue, the domain of the unconscious, mostly, so not readily available for truthful discussion.... I don't know whether my book started life as the story of a joint family in Calcutta at a critical juncture in history or as a reckoning with an ultra-left movement for social justice and equality around which the domestic story was built.... That way of talking about a book as which narrative came first is always already too late because the origins lie far earlier.... It was as if the book had already been there, waiting patiently to be let in; I only had to open the door."}}

== Reviews ==
''The Lives of Others'' was favourably reviewed by novelists including [[Amitav Ghosh]], [[A S Byatt]], [[Anita Desai]] and [[Patrick Flanery]].<ref name=statesman/>

Critics praised the novel's intricate and detailed portrayal of middle-class Bengali life during the period.<ref name=statesman/><ref name=ghosh/> In a glowing review for ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[A S Byatt]] complimented the author's capacity to imagine the lives of others.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Lives of Others by Neel Mukherjee review – Marxism and tradition in 1960s India |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/may/14/lives-of-others-neel-mukherjee-review |website=The Guardian |last1=Byatt |first1=A. S. |date=14 May 2014}}</ref>

Reviewing for ''[[The Independent]]'', [[Patrick Gale]] noted the author's taste for violent contrasts and narratives within narratives.<ref name=independent>{{cite web|author=Patrick Gale|title=The Lives of Others by Neel Mukherjee, book review: A departure from the comfy Indian novel that both shocks and impresses|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/the-lives-of-others-by-neel-mukherjee-book-review-a-departure-from-the-comfy-indian-novel-that-both-9378005.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220618/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/the-lives-of-others-by-neel-mukherjee-book-review-a-departure-from-the-comfy-indian-novel-that-both-9378005.html |archive-date=18 June 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|website=The Independent|date=15 May 2014}}</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' likened Mukherjee with [[Leo Tolstoy|Tolstoy]] in his ability "to bring to life a diverse and expansive set of characters and to sharply evoke their interior worlds."<ref name=nyt>{{cite web |last1=Sawhney |first1=Hirsh |title='The Lives of Others,' by Neel Mukherjee |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/28/books/review/the-lives-of-others-by-neel-mukherjee.html? |website=The New York Times |date=26 December 2014}}</ref> For ''[[The New York Review of Books]]'', [[Anita Desai]] noted the eye for detail, as in Victorian novel, and in terms of theme, compared the book with [[Rabindranath Tagore]]'s 1915 novel ''[[The Home and the World]]'' which depicts an altruistic aristocrat along with a villainous revolutionary.<ref name=desai>{{cite journal |last1=Desai |first1=Anita |title=The Real India |url=https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2015/10/22/real-india/ |journal=The New York Review of Books |date=October 22, 2015|volume=62 |issue=16 }}</ref> Reviewing for ''[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]'', [[Patrick Flanery]] wrote favourably of the well-observed and psychologically nuanced scenes of collective family.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Flanery |first1=Patrick |title=The Lives of Others by Neel Mukherjee, review: 'masterful' |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/bookreviews/10862488/The-Lives-of-Others-by-Neel-Mukherjee-review-masterful.html |website=The Telegraph |date=14 October 2014}}</ref> ''[[Il Sole 24 Ore]]'' likened the novel to ''[[Buddenbrooks]]'' (1901).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sampietro|first=Luigi|date=11 November 2016|title=Ridere per disperazione a Calcutta|url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/cultura/2016-11-11/ridere-disperazione-calcutta-163307.shtml?uuid=ADzq7oqB|website=Il Sole 24 Ore|language=it}}</ref>

In 2020, ''The Independent''<nowiki/>'s Emma Lee-Potter listed ''The Lives of Others'' as one of the 12 best Indian novels.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lee-Potter|first=Emma|date=2020-08-05|title=12 best Indian novels that everyone needs to read|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/extras/indybest/books/fiction-books/best-india-books-literature-novels-salman-rushdie-arundhati-roy-a9264211.html|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-12-23|website=The Independent}}</ref>

==Awards and honours==
*2014 [[Man Booker Prize]] shortlist<ref name=toi/>
*2014 [[Encore Award]] winner<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.encoreaward.com/index.php/winners-shortlists/103-2014-winner |title=2014 Winner |publisher=Encore Award |date=19 June 2014 |accessdate=19 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121015240/http://www.encoreaward.com/index.php/winners-shortlists/103-2014-winner |archivedate=21 January 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
*2014 [[Costa Book Award for Novel]] shortlist<ref name=toi/>
*2016 [[DSC Prize for South Asian Literature]] shortlist<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dscprize.com/global/updates/dsc-prize-2016-announces-a-shortlist-of-6-novels.html |title=DSC Prize 2016 Finalists |author= |date=26 November 2015 |accessdate=28 November 2015}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lives of Others, The}}
[[Category:2014 Indian novels]]
[[Category:Novels set in the 1960s]]
[[Category:Novels set in 1967]]
[[Category:Novels set in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Chatto & Windus books]]
[[Category:W. W. Norton & Company books]]