Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Assam cricket team

2023-10-13T03:47:50Z

Socialibnacc: /* Current squad */

{{short description|Indian cricket team}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox cricket team
|name = Assam cricket team
|image =
|colours = {{color box|#006629}} [[Dark Green]] {{color box|Yellow}} Yellow
|captain = [[Kunal Saikia]] (FC & LA) [[Riyan Parag]] (T20)
|coach = Trevor Gonsalves
|founded = 1948
|ground = [[Assam Cricket Association Stadium, Guwahati]]
|capacity = 40,000
|ground2 = [[Nehru Stadium, Guwahati|Nehru Stadium]] 
|capacity2 = 15,000
|owner = [[Assam Cricket Association]]
|first_fc = [[United Provinces cricket team|United Provinces]]
|first_fc_year = 1948
|first_fc_venue = [[Garrison Ground, Shillong]]
|title1 = [[Ranji Trophy]]
|title1wins = 0
|title2 = [[Vijay Hazare Trophy]]
|title2wins = 0
|title3 = [[Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy]]
|title3wins = 0
|website = [http://www.assamcricket.com/ www.assamcricket.com]
}}

The '''Assam cricket team''' is a domestic [[cricket]] team represents the [[India]]n state of [[Assam]], run by the [[Assam Cricket Association]]. They compete and represent the state annually in the [[first-class cricket|first-class]] [[Ranji Trophy]] tournament, [[List A|limited-overs]] [[Vijay Hazare Trophy]] tournament and the [[Twenty20]] [[Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy]].

==History==
Assam played their first first-class match in the 1948–49 Ranji Trophy, [[captain (cricket)|captained]] by [[Rupert Kettle (cricketer)|Rupert Kettle]], who also scored their first century two seasons later. They had their first victory in the 1951–52 Ranji Trophy, when they beat [[Odisha cricket team|Orissa]] by 103 runs; the captain, [[Peter Bullock (cricketer)|Peter Bullock]], top-scored in each innings with 31 and 148, and took 7 for 70 and 3 for 29.<ref>{{cite web|title=Assam v Orissa 1951–52|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/20/20035.html|website=CricketArchive|access-date=21 December 2017}}</ref>

Until the [[2002–03 Indian cricket season|2002–03 season]], when the zonal system was abandoned, Assam formed part of East Zone, and never progressed further than the pre-quarter-finals. They won their plate group in 2006/07 before losing the semi-final to Orissa. In the [[Ranji Trophy 2009–10|2009–10 season]] Assam entered the elite group of the Ranji Trophy, and topped the plate group and subsequently progressed to the Super League. However, in the [[Ranji Trophy 2010–11|2010–11 season]], they ended at the bottom of their group in the Super League and were relegated to the Plate League for the next season. In the 2012–13 [[Vijay Hazare Trophy]] Assam played extremely well and finished runners-up.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/vijay-hazare-trophy-2013/content/story/623199.html|title=Assam reach first Vijay Hazare final|publisher=espncricinfo.com|access-date=14 October 2015}}</ref> In the 2014–15 Ranji season Assam were again promoted to Group A level.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/70150/ranji-trophy-2014-15-team-unity-behind-assams-remarkable-season|title=Team unity behind Assam's remarkable season|publisher=cricbuzz.com|access-date=14 October 2015}}</ref> In the [[2015–16 Ranji Trophy]], the team reached the semi-final for the first time in their history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ranji-trophy-2015-16/content/story/972069.html|title=Assam relaxed ahead of maiden semi-final|publisher=espncricinfo.com|access-date=27 February 2017}}</ref>

In September 2017, former Indian batsman [[Lalchand Rajput]] was named as head coach of Assam cricket team for two [[Ranji Trophy]] seasons.

==Home grounds==
*[[Assam Cricket Association Stadium, Guwahati|Assam Cricket Association Stadium]], Barsapara, [[Guwahati]]
*[[Nehru Stadium, Guwahati]], Hosted 14 [[One Day International|ODI]]s.
*Amingaon Cricket Ground, Amingaon
*[[Northeast Frontier Railway Stadium]], Maligaon, Guwahati
*[[Satindra Mohan Dev Stadium]], [[Silchar]]

Since Assam played its first home match in 1948, it has also played first-class home matches in (in chronological order) [[Shillong]], [[Jorhat]], [[Nagaon|Nowgong]], [[Dibrugarh]], [[Karimganj]], [[Hailakandi]], [[Mangaldoi]] and [[Tinsukia]].<ref>{{cite web | url = https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Teams/0/17/First-Class_Matches.html| title = First-class matches played by Assam| publisher = CricketArchive| access-date = 25 January 2015}}</ref>

==Famous players==
{{main article|List of Assam cricketers}}
* [[Riyan Parag]]
* [[Abu Nechim]]
* [[Anup Ghatak]]
* [[Arlen Konwar]]
* [[Gautam Dutta]]
* [[Hemanga Baruah]]
* [[Javed Zaman]]
* [[Krishna Das (cricketer)|Krishna Das]]
* [[Nishanta Bordoloi]]
* [[Zahir Alam]]
* [[Rajesh Borah]]
* [[Subhrajit Saikia]]
* [[Zakaria Zuffri]]

==Current squad==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%"
|-
!align=center| Name
!align=center| Birth date
!align=center| Batting style
!align=center| Bowling style
!align=center| Notes
|-
! colspan="7" style="background: #DCDCDC" align=center| Batters
|-
| [[Rahul Hazarika]] || {{birth date and age|1993|5|31|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] ||
|-
| [[Rishav Das]] || {{birth date and age|1989|12|16|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] ||
|-
| [[Sibsankar Roy (cricketer)|Sibsankar Roy]] || {{birth date and age|1990|10|10|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] ||
|-
| [[Subham Mandal]] || {{birth date and age|1998|8|23|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] ||
|-
| [[Gokul Sharma]] || {{birth date and age|1985|12|25|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] ||
|-
| [[Saahil Jain]] || {{birth date and age|1998|10|22|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] ||
|-
| [[Pallavkumar Das]] || {{birth date and age|1990|1|17|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] ||
|-
| [[Denish Das]] || {{birth date and age|2002|5|17|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg break]] ||
|-
! colspan="7" style="background: #DCDCDC" align=center| All-rounders
|-
| [[Riyan Parag]] || {{birth date and age|2001|11|10|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] ||'''Twenty20 Captain''' Plays for '''[[Rajasthan Royals]]''' in [[Indian Premier League|IPL]]
|-
| [[Swarupam Purkayastha]] || {{birth date and age|1989|9|15|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] ||
|-
| [[Rajjakuddin Ahmed]] || {{birth date and age|1995|9|2|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] ||
|-
| Akash Sengupta || {{birth date and age|2000|10|26|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] ||
|-
| [[Nipan Deka]] || {{birth date and age|2001|11|15|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] ||
|-
! colspan="7" style="background: #DCDCDC" align=center| Wicket-keepers
|-
| [[Kunal Saikia]] || {{birth date and age|1988|6|19|df=y}} || Right-handed || ||'''First-class and List A Captain'''
|-
| [[Erik Roy]] || {{birth date and age|1999|1|15|df=y}} || Right-handed || ||
|-
| [[Wasiqur Rahman]] || {{birth date and age|1994|12|29|df=y}} || Right-handed || ||
|-
! colspan="7" style="background: #DCDCDC" align=center| Spin Bowlers
|-
| [[Avinov Choudhury]] || {{birth date and age|1999|12|1|df=y}} || Right-handed || [[Slow left-arm orthodox]] ||
|-
| [[Sidharth Sarmah]] || {{birth date and age|1998|12|7|df=y}} || Left-handed || [[Slow left-arm orthodox]] ||
|-
| [[Roshan Alam]] || {{birth date and age|1995|4|20|df=y}} || Right-handed || [[Slow left-arm orthodox]] ||
|-
| [[Amlanjyoti Das]] || {{birth date and age|2002|1|15|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] ||
|-
! colspan="7" style="background: #DCDCDC" align=center| Pace Bowlers
|-
| [[Mukhtar Hussain]] || {{birth date and age|1999|1|11|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] ||
|-
| Sunil Lachit || {{birth date and age|1999|12|6|df=y}} || Right-handed || Left-arm [[fast bowling|medium-fast]] ||
|-
| [[Mrinmoy Dutta]] || {{birth date and age|1998|11|24|df=y}} || Left-handed || Left-arm [[fast bowling|fast-medium]] ||
|-
| Hridip Deka || {{birth date and age|1999|10|10|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] ||
|-
| Dharani Rabha || {{birth date and age|1997|9|10|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] ||
|}

''Updated as on 24 January 2023''

==Coaching staff==

* Head coach: Trevor Gonsalves
* Assistant coach: Salil Sinha and [[Subhrajit Saikia]]
* Trainer: Bhaskar Borah
* Physio: Dr Koustob Bharadwaj
* Video analyst: Rajesh Sharma

==Records==
''For more details on this topic, see [[List of Assam first-class cricket records]], [[List of Assam List A cricket records]], [[List of Assam Twenty20 cricket records]].''

==See also==
*[[List of Assam cricketers]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
*[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Records/India/Firstclass/Assam/ First-class records for Assam]
*[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Records/India/ListA/Assam/index.html ListA records for Assam]
*[http://stats.espncricinfo.com/haeir-t20-2015-16/engine/records/team/highest_match_aggregates.html?class=6;id=1601;type=team Twenty 20 records for Assam]

{{Ranji Trophy}}
{{Cricket in India}}

[[Category:Indian first-class cricket teams]]
[[Category:Cricket in Assam]]
[[Category:1948 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Cricket clubs established in 1948]]

{{India-cricket-team-stub}}

Mulu Manek

2023-10-05T10:27:25Z

Socialibnacc: Created page with '{{Infobox film | name = Mulu Manek | image = | caption = Poster | director = Manhar Raskapur | producer = | writer = Gunvantrai Acharya (story), Manhar Raskapur (script) | starring = {{plainlist| * Arvind Pandya }} | music = Indukumar | cinematography = Manek Mehta | editing = | studio = Vikram Chitra | runtime = 137 minutes | country = India | language...'

{{Orphan|date=October 2023}}

{{Infobox film
| name = Mulu Manek
| image =
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Manhar Raskapur]]
| producer =
| writer = [[Gunvantrai Acharya]] (story), Manhar Raskapur (script)
| starring = {{plainlist|
* [[Arvind Pandya]]
}}
| music = Indukumar
| cinematography = Manek Mehta
| editing =
| studio = Vikram Chitra
| runtime = 137 minutes<ref name=":0" />
| country = India
| language = Gujarati
| released = 1955
| based_on = ''Allabeli'' play by Gunvantrai Acharya
| distributor =
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Mulu Manek''''' is 1955 [[Gujarati cinema|Gujarati]] historical fantasy film directed by [[Manhar Raskapur]] from India. The film depicted Mulu Manek, a [[Banditry|bandit]], fighting the [[British Raj|British]]. The lead roles were played by [[Shanta Apte]] and [[Arvind Pandya]]. The music was composed by Indukumar.<ref name="EIC">{{Cite book |last=Rajadhyaksha |first=Ashish |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rF8ABAAAQBAJ |title=Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema |last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |date= |publisher=Routledge |year=1999 |isbn=978-1-135-94325-7 |edition=Revised |pages=197, 342}}</ref>

== Plot ==
During the [[British Raj]], [[Okha, India|Okha]] in [[Kathiawar]] region is captured by the British and is ruled by the [[Gaekwad dynasty]]. Before and during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], local chief Mulu Manek becomes a bandit and opposes the Gaekwad and the British. When Mulu's childhood friend Devobha's marriage proposal is rejected by Mulu's siter Devbai, Devobha joins the opposition as a soldier. Devobha has changed his mind following the sacrifice of his mother. Mulu decides to surrender to save his comrades but he is prevented and encouraged by Devobha to fight. Eventually they all die fighting.<ref name="EIC"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baradi |first=Hasmukh |date=2001-01-01 |title=અલ્લાબેલી |url=https://gujarativishwakosh.org/%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%80/ |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=[[Gujarati Vishwakosh]] |language=gu}}</ref>

==Cast==
The cast is as follows:<ref name="EIC"/><ref name=":0" />
* [[Shanta Apte]]
* [[Arvind Pandya]]
* Champshibhai Nagda
* Shalini
* Champak Lala
* Ulhas

==Production==
The film was based anti-Imperialist play ''Allabeli'' by Gujarati author [[Gunvantrai Acharya]].<ref name="EIC" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Goble |first=Alan |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Yyqc0Qa6b60C&pg=PA877&dq=Mulu+Manek+(1955)&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwist8u3xdyBAxWWS2wGHS4lDTcQ6AF6BAgMEAI#v=onepage&q=Mulu%20Manek%20(1955)&f=false |title=The Complete Index to Literary Sources in Film |date=2011-09-08 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-095194-3 |pages=2, 877 |language=en}}</ref> The play was staged by [[Indian People's Theatre Association]] (IPTA) first and was adapted into the film. It was directed by Mahnar Raskapur and produced under the banner of film company Vikram Chitra.<ref name="EIC"/><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gokulsing |first=K. Moti |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=djUFmlFbzFkC&pg=PA455&dq=Mulu+Manek+film&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjJ0LLLxtyBAxXpgFYBHc-GARMQ6AF6BAgFEAI#v=onepage&q=Mulu%20Manek%20film&f=false |title=Routledge Handbook of Indian Cinemas |last2=Dissanayake |first2=Wimal |date=2013-04-17 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-77284-9 |pages=92 |language=en}}</ref> The film starred Hindi-Marathi singer Shanta Apte which remained her only Gujarati film.<ref name="EIC"/>

==Music==
The music was composed by Indukumar while the lyrics were written by Karsandas Manek.<ref name="EIC"/>

==Legacy==
The film became the first among the series of similar genre films by Raskapur; all featuring the opposition to the British such as ''[[Kadu Makrani]]'' (1960).<ref name="EIC" /> The film was remade in 1977 in Gujarati by Manibhai Vyas.<ref name="EIC"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title}}

[[Category:1955 films]]
[[Category:Films set in Gujarat]]
[[Category:1950s Gujarati-language films]]
[[Category:Indian biographical films]]
[[Category:Indian historical fantasy films]]
[[Category:Films set in the British Raj]]
[[Category:Films set in the Indian independence movement]]
[[Category:Films based on real people]]

Kadu Makrani (film)

2023-10-04T07:55:13Z

Socialibnacc:

{{Infobox film
| name = Kadu Makrani
| image = Kadu Makrani 1960 film poster.jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Manhar Raskapur]]
| producer = Champshibhai Nagada
| writer = [[Gunvantrai Acharya]] (story), Manhar Raskapur (script)
| starring = {{plainlist|
* [[Arvind Pandya]]
}}
| music = [[Avinash Vyas]]
| cinematography = Bipin Gajjar
| editing =
| studio = Sadhna Chitra
| runtime = 148 minutes<ref name="EIC"/>
| country = India
| language = Gujarati
| released = 1960
| based_on =
| distributor =
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Kadu Makrani''''' is 1960 [[Gujarati cinema|Gujarati]] historical fantasy film directed by [[Manhar Raskapur]] from India. The film depicted [[Kadu Makrani]], a [[Banditry|bandit]], fighting the [[British Raj|British]]. The lead role was played by [[Arvind Pandya]]. The music was composed by [[Avinash Vyas]]. It was a commercial success.

== Plot ==
A century ago, Makrani clan of Inaj, a settlement in [[Junagadh State]], defy the [[British Raj]]. The British invades the settlement thus four Makrani members become bandits and harass the British. The British orders Harbhai Desai who was an administrator under the Nawab of Junagadh, to capture or kill their leader Kadar Baksh, also known as Kadu Madrani. Harbhai Desai and Kadu Makrani were childhood friends who clash on the battlefield with each other. Kadu retracted but was identified and finally captured. In 1887, he was [[Hanging|hanged]] in [[Karachi Central Jail|Karachi jail]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Raghuvanshi |first=Harish |date=2006-01-01 |title=કાદુ મકરાણી |url=https://gujarativishwakosh.org/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%81-%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80/ |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=[[Gujarati Vishwakosh]] |language=gu}}</ref><ref name="EIC">{{Cite book |last=Rajadhyaksha |first=Ashish |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rF8ABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1994-IA182&dq=kadu+makrani&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjDye681duBAxVg8jgGHRFMB1wQ6AF6BAgJEAI#v=onepage&q=kadu%20makrani&f=false |title=Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema |last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |date=1999 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-135-94325-7 |edition=Revised |pages=363 |language=en}}</ref>

== Cast ==
The cast is as follows:<ref name="EIC"/><ref name=":0" />
* [[Arvind Pandya]]
* Shalini
* Champshibhai Nagada
* Mahesh Desai
* Bhudo Advani
* Babu Raje

Other cast members included Champak Lala, Radha, [[Ruby Myers]] (Sulochana), Ulhas, Jaya Bhatt, [[Honey Chhaya]], Vishnu Vyas, Padmakumar Joshi, Ajit Soni, Mukund Desai, Devika Roy, Bhimjibhai, [[Upendra Trivedi]], Gunvant Kayastha, Bagla, Manjula Moti.<ref name="EIC"/>

== Production ==
The film was a anti-Imperialist historical fantasy.<ref name="EIC" /> The film was based on a biographical story of [[Kadu Makrani]] by Gujarati author [[Gunvantrai Acharya]]. It was directed by Mahnar Raskapur and produced by Champshibhai Nagada under banner of film company Sadhna Chitra.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="EIC"/> The production was launched on 18 September 1958, [[Ganesh Chaturthi]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Kadu Makrani |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=AKWuoPM_1pIC&q=kadu+makrani&dq=kadu+makrani&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjDye681duBAxVg8jgGHRFMB1wQ6AF6BAgDEAI |journal=The Journal of the Film Industry |date= |publisher=Ram L. Gogtay |year=1958 |volume=19-20 |location=1958 |pages=31-32 |language=en}}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
The soundtrack is as follows:<ref>{{Citation |publisher=Hungama |title=Kadu Makrani |url=https://www.hungama.com/album/kadu-makrani/22981449/ |access-date=2023-10-04 |language=en}}</ref>
{{Infobox album
| name = Kadu Makrani
| type = soundtrack
| artist = [[Avinash Vyas]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = {{Start date|df=y|1960}}
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 16:12
| label = [[Sa Re Ga Ma]]
| producer = Sadhna Chitra
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}
{{tracklist
| total_length = 16:12
| headline = Track list
| all_music = [[Avinash Vyas]]<ref name=":0" />
| all_lyrics = Avinash Vyas, Apa Hamir
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Mari Gagrdi Maan
| lyrics1 =
| extra1 = Sulochana Vyas, chorus
| length1 = 3:30
| title2 = Amari Najar Jyan Tamara Bhani Thai
| lyrics2 =
| extra2 = [[Geeta Dutt]]
| length2 = 3:17
| title3 = Dungare Dungare Kadu Tara Dayara
| lyrics3 =
| extra3 = Ratikumar Vyas
| length3 = 3:04
| title4 = Lal Rangna Laheriya
| lyrics4 =
| extra4 = Geeta Dutt, [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]]
| length4 = 3:06
| title5 = Makrani Jo Marad Lade
| lyrics5 =
| extra5 = Ratikumar Vyas
| length5 = 3:15

}}

== Reception ==
The film was a commercial success.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Ramachandran |first=T. M. |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Q9rthUDKxyEC&q=kadu+makrani&dq=kadu+makrani&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjs843H2NuBAxXWzjgGHVOTAX04ChDoAXoECAcQAg |title=70 Years of Indian Cinema, 1913-1983 |last2=Rukmini |first2=S. |date=1985 |publisher=CINEMA India-International |isbn=978-0-86132-090-5 |pages=343 |language=en}}</ref> It is Raskapur's best-known film.<ref name="EIC"/> Film critic [[Amrit Gangar]] has considered the film as one of the "landmark" films of Raskapur.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gokulsing |first=K. Moti |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=djUFmlFbzFkC&pg=PA95&dq=kadu+makrani&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjDye681duBAxVg8jgGHRFMB1wQ6AF6BAgEEAI#v=onepage&q=kadu%20makrani&f=false |title=Routledge Handbook of Indian Cinemas |last2=Dissanayake |first2=Wimal |date=2013-04-17 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-77284-9 |pages=95 |language=en}}</ref>

== Legacy ==
The film started a tradition of films depicting the struggle with the establishment in Gujarati cinema. Large number of such films were produced subsequently and the tradition was also mirrored in the Hindi cinema after a decade and half.<ref name=":0" /> The film's success pushed for more films based on folklore in Gujarati cinema.<ref name=":1" />

The film was remade in 1973 in Gujarati by Manu Desai.<ref name="EIC"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title}}

[[Category:1960 films]]
[[Category:Films set in Gujarat]]
[[Category:Films shot in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Films shot in Gujarat]]
[[Category:1960s Gujarati-language films]]
[[Category:Indian biographical films]]
[[Category:Indian historical fantasy films]]
[[Category:Films set in the British Raj]]
[[Category:Films set in the Indian independence movement]]
[[Category:Films based on real people]]

Flavio Geisshuesler

2023-10-03T17:47:00Z

Socialibnacc: academic biography

{{Short description|Swiss-Italian academic and writer}}
{{Infobox academic
| honorific_prefix = 
| name = Flavio Geisshuesler
| honorific_suffix =
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| birth_name = Flavio Alessio Geisshüsler
| birth_date = 
| birth_place =
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| death_cause =
| nationality = Swiss and Italian
| citizenship = 
| other_names =
| occupation = Senior Lecturer at the [[University of Sydney]]
| period =
| known_for =
| title =
| boards = 
| spouse =
| partner =
| children =
| parents =
| relatives =
| awards = 
| website = {{URL|https://www.flaviogeisshuesler.com/}}
| education = [[University of Lausanne]] (2008, B.A.) [[University of Virginia]] (2013, M.A.) [[HEC Paris]] (2025, EMBA)
| alma_mater = [[University of Bern]] (2018) [[University of Virginia]] (2019)
| thesis_title = Prisons of Freedom: An Interdisciplinary Study of Contemplative Practices in Great Perfection Buddhism
| thesis_url = https://libraetd.lib.virginia.edu/public_view/sb397874p
| thesis_year = 2019
| school_tradition =
| doctoral_advisor =
| academic_advisors = [[David Germano]] [[Kurtis Schaeffer]] [[Peter W. Ochs]]
| influences = 
| era =
| discipline = [[History of religion|History of Religions]]
| sub_discipline = [[Tibetan Buddhism|Indo-Tibetan Buddhism]] Theory in religious studies European intellectual history
| workplaces = 
| doctoral_students = 
| notable_students =
| main_interests = Meditation research [[Dzogchen]] tradition of [[Tibetan Buddhism]]
| notable_works =
| notable_ideas =
| influenced = 
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| signature_size =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Flavio Alessio Geisshuesler''' is a Swiss-Italian academic and writer. As historian of religions, he specializes in the study of meditation and other contemplative practices in [[Tibetan Buddhism|Indo-Tibetan Buddhism]].

==Early life and education==
Geisshuesler spent his childhood in [[Zurich]], Switzerland. He graduated with a B.A. from the [[University of Lausanne]] in 2008, where he majored in [[religious studies]], focusing on Judaism and Indian religions, while studying Biblical Hebrew, Hindi, and Tibetan. In 2013, he obtained an received an M.A. from the [[University of Virginia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.uvatibetcenter.org/about/students/flavio-geisshuesler/|title=UVA Tibet Center, Academic Research, Programs, Events & Collaboration, Tibetan Studies in Charlottesville, VA|website=www.uvatibetcenter.org | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flaviogeisshuesler.com/bio|title=Bio | Flavio A. Geisshuesler|website=GeisshueslerCopy | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> Afterwards, he earned two PhDs, one from the [[University of Bern]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.relwi.unibe.ch/notre_institut/equipe/index_fra.html|title=Equipe|date=February 3, 2022|website=Institut de sciences des religions | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> in 2018 and another from the [[University of Virginia]] in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6735-977X|title=ORCID|website=orcid.org|access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>

His 2018 doctoral dissertation, defended at the University of Bern, is titled ''Crisis and Critique in the History of Religions: Ernesto de Martino (1908-1965) in Italy and Beyond''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.relwi.unibe.ch/forschung/dissertationen/index_ger.html|title=Dissertationen|date=April 1, 2015|website=Institut für Religionswissenschaft | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> In 2019, he also defended a second doctoral disseration, ''Prisons of Freedom: An Interdisciplinary Study of Contemplative Practices in Great Perfection Buddhism'', at the [[University of Virginia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://libraetd.lib.virginia.edu/public_view/sb397874p|title=Prisons of Freedom: An Interdisciplinary Study of Contemplative Practices in Great Perfection Buddhism|first=Geisshuesler, Flavio, Religious Studies - Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of|last=Virginia|website=libraetd.lib.virginia.edu | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> As part of his research, he also spent several years living and studying in various parts of Asia, particularly in the Himalayan regions of India and Nepal.<ref name="Sky-Gazing"/>

==Career==
In 2021, he published a monograph on the life and work of [[Ernesto de Martino]].<ref>{{cite book | last=Geisshuesler | first=Flavio A | title=The Life and Work of Ernesto de Martino | publisher=Numen Book | publication-place=Leiden Boston (Mass.) | date=2021 | isbn=978-90-04-45770-6 | url=https://brill.com/display/title/59827 | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://data.snf.ch/|title=SNSF Data Portal|website=data.snf.ch | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> The research project is based on 18 months of archival work in [[Rome]], which was financed by a grant from the [[Swiss National Science Foundation]].<ref name="auto2"/> Geisshuesler also wrote a book on [[Sky gazing (Dzogchen)|Tibetan sky-gazing meditation]] in the [[Dzogchen]] tradition, which is based on his doctoral dissertation and further expanded during his postdoctoral research at the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]].<ref name="Sky-Gazing">{{cite book | last=Geisshuesler | first=Flavio | title=Tibetan Sky-Gazing Meditation and the Pre-History of Great Perfection Buddhism | date=2024-02-08 | isbn=978-1-350-42881-2 | location=London | publisher=Bloomsbury}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.asia.huji.ac.il/people/flavio-geisshuesler|title=Flavio Geisshuesler|website=en.asia.huji.ac.il | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> The fieldwork in Nepal was funded by a [[Fulbright–Hays]] Dissertation Research Abroad Fellowship.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=1jcGe_qsY9zMsheyNMfU5BzO_29I|title=IFLE Grantee Institutions - FY 2015|website=Google My Maps | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> His postdoctoral position in Israel was funded by fellowships from the Khyentse Foundation (2019-21),<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://khyentsefoundation.org/kf-news-the-university-of-sydney-appoints-kf-macready-senior-lecturer-in-tibetan-buddhism/|title=KF News | The University of Sydney Appoints KF-Macready Senior Lecturer in Tibetan Buddhism|date=July 5, 2023|website=Khyentse Foundation | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> the [[Lady Davis Fellows|Lady Davis Foundation]] (2020-21),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ldft.huji.ac.il/fellows/post-doctoral-fellows-awards-for-2020-21|title=Post-Doc 2020/21|website=ldft.huji.ac.il | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> the [[Azrieli Foundation]] (2021-23),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://azrielifoundation.org/the-azrieli-foundation-is-delighted-to-announce-the-selection-of-the-2021-2022-international-postdoctoral-research-fellows/|title=The Azrieli Foundation is delighted to announce the selection of the 2021-2022 International Postdoctoral Research Fellows|date=May 3, 2021 | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/posts/postdocisrael_dr-flavio-geisshuesler-become-the-monkey-activity-7097919639074029568-VDUp|title=Postdoc in Israel on LinkedIn: Dr. Flavio Geisshuesler: Become The Monkey! A New Paradigm For Meditation…|website=www.linkedin.com | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> and the Mandel Scholion Research Center (2021-24).<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://en.scholion.huji.ac.il/people/flavio-geisshuesler|title=Flavio Geisshuesler|website=en.scholion.huji.ac.il | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>

Throughout his career, has also taught courses at several universities, including the [[University of Virginia]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://louslist.org/page.php?Semester=1118&Type=Course&Mnemonic=RELB&Number=2054|title=UVa Class Schedule - Schedule for RELB 2054 - Fall 2011 (Unofficial, Lou's List)|website=louslist.org | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thecourseforum.com/instructor/2491/|title=Flavio Geisshuesler - theCourseForum|website=thecourseforum.com | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]], the [[University of Bern]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://experiments-with-experience.org/conference|title=Conference|website=experiments-with-experience.org | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> the [[University of Fribourg]] in 2021,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unifr.ch/sr/de/news/news/25962|title=Flavio A. Geisshuesler|website=www.unifr.ch | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> the [[University of Basel]] in 2022,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vorlesungsverzeichnis.unibas.ch/de/recherche?id=266029|title=Recherche | Vorlesungsverzeichnis Universität Basel|website=vorlesungsverzeichnis.unibas.ch | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> and the [[Sapienza University of Rome]] in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.uniroma1.it/lettere/news/teorie-e-metodi-della-ricerca-negli-studi-orientali-venerd%C3%AC-28-aprile-2023|title=Teorie e metodi della ricerca negli studi orientali - Venerdì 28 Aprile 2023 | Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia|website=web.uniroma1.it | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>

Bilingual in German and Italian, he has mastered English, French, Spanish, Hebrew, Tibetan, Nepali, Hindi, Urdu, and Persian. He also reads Sanskrit, Tibetan, Pali, Biblical Hebrew, and Russian.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://huji.academia.edu/FlavioAlessioGeisshuesler/CurriculumVitae|title=Flavio A . Geisshuesler | The Hebrew University of Jerusalem - Academia.edu|website=huji.academia.edu | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>

In 2023, he was appointed as KF-Macready [[Senior lecturer|Senior Lecturer]] in Tibetan Buddhism at the [[University of Sydney]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.buddhistdoor.net/news/khyentse-foundation-announces-the-appointment-of-kf-macready-senior-lecturer-in-tibetan-buddhism-at-the-university-of-sydney/|title=Khyentse Foundation Announces the Appointment of KF-Macready Senior Lecturer in Tibetan Buddhism at the University of Sydney | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="auto1"/>

==Research==
Geisshuesler's primary research centers on the contemplative traditions of India, Tibet, and the wider Himalayas, particularly the [[Dzogchen]] or Great Perfection tradition. His most recent publication offers the first comprehensive English-speaking introduction to the [[Sky gazing (Dzogchen)|Tibetan sky-gazing]] practice. The book's most important argument is that the Great Perfection was originally a pre-Buddhist indigenous Tibetan tradition that emerged in close contact with the early [[Bön]] tradition. He argues that Dzogchen once belonged to a [[shamanism|shamanic]] cult centered on the quest for vitality, which involved the worship of the sky as primordial source of life and endorsed the hunting of animals, as they were believed to be endowed with the ability to move in between the divine realm of the heavens and the world of humans. The book also traces the historical development of the Great Perfection, delineating a process of buddhicization that started with the introduction of Buddhism during the time of the [[Tibetan Empire]], intensified with the rise of [[History_of_Tibetan_Buddhism#Tibetan_Renaissance_(10th–12th_centuries)|new schools in the 11th century]], and reached its climax in the systematization of the teachings by the great scholar-yogi [[Longchenpa]] in the 14th century.<ref name="Sky-Gazing"/>

Geisshuesler also published about other subjects, such as the Italian anthropologist and historian of religion [[Ernesto de Martino]],<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/10/5/304|title=A Parapsychologist, an Anthropologist, and a Vitalist Walk into a Laboratory: Ernesto de Martino, Mircea Eliade, and a Forgotten Chapter in the Disciplinary History of Religious Studies|first=Flavio A.|last=Geisshuesler|date=May 2, 2019|journal=Religions|volume=10|issue=5|pages=304|via=www.mdpi.com|doi=10.3390/rel10050304 | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://brill.com/display/title/59827|title=The Life and Work of Ernesto De Martino|first=Flavio A.|last=Geisshuesler|date=July 29, 2021|publisher=Brill|via=brill.com | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref> the methodology of the [[cognitive science of religion]], or the connection between [[collective trauma]] and the historical development of contemplative traditions.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/11/3/114|title=Luminous Bodies, Playful Children, and Abusive Grandmothers: Trauma, Dissociation, and Disorganized Attachment in the Early History of Great Perfection (rDzogs Chen) Buddhism|first=Flavio A.|last=Geisshuesler|date=March 2, 2020|journal=Religions|volume=11|issue=3|pages=114|via=www.mdpi.com|doi=10.3390/rel11030114 | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.dbpia.co.kr/Journal/articleDetail?nodeId=NODE09365438|title=From Grounded Identity to Receptive Creativity The Mythical-Historical Formation of the Nyingma School and the Potential of Collective Trauma|first=Flavio A.|last=Geisshuesler|date=June 2, 2020|journal=International Journal of Buddhist Thought and Culture|volume=30|issue=1|pages=233–270|via=www.dbpia.co.kr|doi=10.16893/IJBTC.2020.06.30.1.233 | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311908.2019.1707055|title=When Buddhas dissociate: A psychological perspective on the origins of great perfection Buddhism (rDzogs Chen)|last=Geisshuesler|first=Flavio A.|editor-first=Luca|editor-last=Cerniglia|date=January 1, 2019|journal=Cogent Psychology|volume=6|issue=1|via=CrossRef|doi=10.1080/23311908.2019.1707055 | access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
===Books===
*{{cite book | last=Geisshuesler | first=Flavio A. | title=The Life and Work of Ernesto de Martino: Swiss Perspectives on Apocalypse and Rebirth in the Modern Study of Religion | publisher=Brill | series=Numen book series | year=2021 | isbn=978-90-04-45770-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fsc6zgEACAAJ}}
* {{cite book | last=Geisshuesler | first=Flavio | title=Tibetan Sky-Gazing Meditation and the Pre-History of Great Perfection Buddhism | date=2024 | isbn=978-1-350-42881-2 | location=London | publisher=Bloomsbury}}

===Articles===
Selected articles by Geisshuesler include:<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VrhYGIUAAAAJ|title=Flavio A. Geisshuesler|work=Google Scholar|access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>

* {{cite journal | last=Geisshuesler | first=Flavio A. | title=When Buddhas dissociate: A psychological perspective on the origins of great perfection Buddhism (''rDzogs Chen'') | journal=Cogent Psychology | publisher=Informa UK Limited | volume=6 | issue=1 | date=2019 | issn=2331-1908 | doi=10.1080/23311908.2019.1707055}}
* {{cite journal | last=Geisshuesler | first=Flavio A. | title=The 7E Model of the Human Mind: Articulating a Plastic Self for the Cognitive Science of Religion | journal=Journal of Cognition and Culture | publisher=Brill | volume=19 | issue=5 | date=2019 | issn=1567-7095 | doi=10.1163/15685373-12340069 | pages=450–476}}
* {{cite journal | last=Geisshuesler | first=Flavio A. | title=A Parapsychologist, an Anthropologist, and a Vitalist Walk into a Laboratory: Ernesto de Martino, Mircea Eliade, and a Forgotten Chapter in the Disciplinary History of Religious Studies | journal=Religions | publisher=MDPI AG | volume=10 | issue=5 | date=2019 | issn=2077-1444 | doi=10.3390/rel10050304 | page=304}}
* {{cite journal | last=Geisshuesler | first=Flavio A. | title=From Grounded Identity to Receptive Creativity The Mythical-Historical Formation of the Nyingma School and the Potential of Collective Trauma | journal=International Journal of Buddhist Thought and Culture | publisher=International Association for Buddhist Thought and Culture | volume=30 | issue=1 | date=2020 | issn=1598-7914 | doi=10.16893/ijbtc.2020.06.30.1.233 | pages=233–270}}
* {{cite journal | last=Geisshuesler | first=Flavio A. | title=Luminous Bodies, Playful Children, and Abusive Grandmothers: Trauma, Dissociation, and Disorganized Attachment in the Early History of Great Perfection (rDzogs Chen) Buddhism | journal=Religions | publisher=MDPI AG | volume=11 | issue=3 | date=2020 | issn=2077-1444 | doi=10.3390/rel11030114 | page=114}}
* {{cite journal | last=Geisshuesler | first=Flavio A. | title=Meditation between Open Skies and Deep Ravines | journal=Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies | publisher=Peeters online journals | doi=10.2143/JIABS.45.0.3291576 | pages=39–71 | date=2022}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{official website|https://www.flaviogeisshuesler.com/}}
*[https://huji.academia.edu/FlavioAlessioGeisshuesler Academia.edu]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Geisshuesler, Flavio}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Buddhist studies scholars]]
[[Category:Tibetologists]]
[[Category:Swiss historians of religion]]
[[Category:Italian historians of religion]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:University of Lausanne alumni]]
[[Category:University of Virginia alumni]]
[[Category:University of Bern alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Sydney]]
[[Category:Tibetan Buddhism writers]]
[[Category:Swiss-Italian people]]

Nav (rapper)

2023-10-02T00:04:59Z

Socialibnacc:

{{Short description|Punjabi-Canadian rapper and record producer (born 1989)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Nav
| image = Nav Denver Co May 7th.jpg
| caption = Nav in 2018
| birth_name = Navraj Singh Goraya
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1989|11|3}}
| birth_place = [[Toronto]], [[Ontario, Canada]]
| education = [[Thistletown Collegiate Institute]]
| alma_mater = [[Metalworks Institute]]
| occupation = {{flatlist|
* Rapper
* singer
* songwriter
* record producer
}}
| years_active = 2014–present
| website = {{URL|navmusic.com}}
| module = {{Infobox musical artist | embed=yes
| alias =
| genre = {{flatlist|
* [[Hip hop music|Hip hop]]
* [[Trap music|trap]]
}}
| label = {{flatlist|
* [[XO (record label)|XO]]
* [[Republic Records|Republic]]
}}
}}
}}

'''Navraj Singh Goraya''' (born November 3, 1989), known professionally as '''Nav''', is a Canadian rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. Nav originally began his career as a producer, co-producing fellow Canadian rapper [[Drake (musician)|Drake]]'s single, "[[Back to Back (Drake song)|Back to Back]]", in 2015. He then gained mainstream attention in 2016 when his song "[[Myself (song)|Myself]]" went viral on [[SoundCloud]]. Nav is signed to Canadian singer [[the Weeknd]]'s record label [[XO (record label)|XO]] and its parent label, [[Republic Records]], and is managed by XO managers [[Amir Esmailian|Amir "Cash" Esmailian]] and [[Wassim Slaiby|Wassim "Sal" Slaiby]].

In 2017, Nav released his [[Nav (mixtape)|self-titled debut mixtape]] and his collaborative mixtape with [[Metro Boomin]], ''[[Perfect Timing (Nav album)|Perfect Timing]]''. He released his debut studio album, ''[[Reckless (Nav album)|Reckless]]'', in 2018. He then released his second studio album, ''[[Bad Habits (Nav album)|Bad Habits]]'' (2019), which debuted at number one on the US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]]. In 2020, Nav released his highest-charting song as a lead artist, "[[Turks (song)|Turks]]", with [[Gunna (rapper)|Gunna]] featuring [[Travis Scott]], which debuted and peaked at number 17 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]. It serves as the lead single to his third studio album, ''[[Good Intentions (album)|Good Intentions]]'' (2020), which was released later and then became his second number-one album on the US ''Billboard'' 200. Soon, he released its deluxe edition titled ''[[Brown Boy 2]]'' (2020), which is also a sequel of his unofficial EP titled ''Brown Boy'' (2019), which Cash published on Audiomack a week before ''Bad Habits''. He then earned his highest-charting song in total from his feature on [[Internet Money Records|Internet Money]], Gunna, and [[Don Toliver]]'s single, "[[Lemonade (Internet Money, Gunna and Don Toliver song)|Lemonade]]", which eventually reached at number six on the Hot 100. He released his commercial mixtape, ''[[Emergency Tsunami]]'', in late 2020. Nav released his fourth studio album, ''[[Demons Protected by Angels]]'', in fall 2022. He is set to release his third commercial mixtape, ''Nav2'', a sequel to his self-titled project, sometime in 2023.

==Early life==
Navraj Singh Goraya was born on November 3, 1989, in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], into an immigrant [[Punjabi Canadians|Punjabi]] [[Jat Sikh]] family, from [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[India]]. He was raised in the [[Rexdale]] neighbourhood. His mother was involved in computer manufacturing and his father operated a forklift.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.complex.com/music/2017/07/nav-interview-2017|title=Nav Is the "First Brown Boy to Get It Popping" and His Meteoric Rise Is Far From Over|website=Complex.com|access-date=October 14, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014133337/http://www.complex.com/music/2017/07/nav-interview-2017|archive-date=October 14, 2017|url-status=live|quote=His parents are from Punjab, India.}}</ref> Nav first became interested in music after his mother bought him a boombox in the third grade.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/nav-meet-the-toronto-rapper-opening-the-weeknds-tour-w495749|title=Nav: Meet the Toronto Rapper-Producer Opening the Weeknd's Starboy Tour|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|access-date=October 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014182624/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/nav-meet-the-toronto-rapper-opening-the-weeknds-tour-w495749|archive-date=October 14, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> His uncle was also a [[Music of Punjab#Punjabi pop|popular Punjabi singer]] in [[India]] and brought him to a studio.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://gazettereview.com/2017/08/nav-net-worth-wealthy-rapper-now/|title=Nav Net Worth – How Wealthy is the Rapper Now? – The Gazette Review|last=Carter|first=Brooke|date=August 5, 2017|work=The Gazette Review|access-date=October 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020024107/http://gazettereview.com/2017/08/nav-net-worth-wealthy-rapper-now/|archive-date=October 20, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> He began making mash-ups in high school and producing beats for local underground Toronto artists, and became popular on [[SoundCloud]]. Nav first started producing using [[Sony]]'s [[ACID Pro]] software.<ref name=":0"/> He attended West Humber Junior Middle School and then later attended [[Thistletown Collegiate Institute]] for his high school education and had to spend an additional year to graduate. Following high school, he attended and graduated from [[Metalworks Institute]] in [[Mississauga, Ontario]] in 2010 with a diploma in Audio Production and Engineering.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://metalworksinstitute.com/alumni-update-juno-nominations-2018/|title=Alumni Update: JUNO Award Nominations 2018, Metalworks Institute|date=February 9, 2018|website=Metalworks Institute|access-date=May 31, 2020}}</ref>

==Career==
===2015–2018: Commercial debut, ''Nav'', ''Perfect Timing'', and ''Reckless''===
{{main|Nav (mixtape)|Perfect Timing (mixtape)}}
On July 29, 2015, fellow Canadian rapper and singer [[Drake (musician)|Drake]] released the single "[[Back to Back (Drake song)|Back to Back]]", which Nav helped co-produce. On September 4, 2015, Nav released one of his earliest singles on [[SoundCloud]] and [[YouTube]], "Take Me Simple", which has accumulated over eighteen million listens. He released the single "Ten Toes Down" (abbreviated as "TTD" on streaming services) on SoundCloud and YouTube on December 15, 2015. In 2016, another one of his SoundCloud and YouTube-exclusive singles, "The Man", was played on Drake's [[OVO Sound]] Radio.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://genius.com/Drake-ovo-sound-radio-episode-13-tracklist-lyrics|title=Drake – OVO Sound Radio Episode 13 Tracklist|website=Genius.com|access-date=August 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817161358/https://genius.com/Drake-ovo-sound-radio-episode-13-tracklist-lyrics|archive-date=August 17, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://genius.com/Drake-ovo-sound-radio-episode-16-tracklist-lyrics|title=Drake – OVO Sound Radio Episode 16 Tracklist|website=Genius.com|access-date=August 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817193306/https://genius.com/Drake-ovo-sound-radio-episode-16-tracklist-lyrics|archive-date=August 17, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> On January 12, 2016, Nav released the single "[[Myself (song)|Myself]]" on SoundCloud and YouTube, which quickly became his biggest song at the time, earning him numerous cosigns, including one from American model and internet personality [[Kylie Jenner]]. On June 4, 2016, he released the single "Up" on SoundCloud and YouTube. Following the popularity of the singles, he was signed to [[XO (record label)|XO]] and [[Republic Records]], after being called by his now-manager [[Amir Esmailian|Amir "Cash" Esmailian]].<ref name="XXL">{{cite web|url=http://www.xxlmag.com/news/2017/02/nav-signs-with-xo-records/|title=Nav Signs Deal With The Weeknd's XO Records|work=[[XXL (magazine)|XXL]]|last=Simmons|first=Ted|date=February 16, 2017|accessdate=February 26, 2017}}</ref> On September 2, 2016, Nav was featured on and solely produced the single "[[Beibs in the Trap]]" by [[Travis Scott]], as part of the latter's second studio album, ''[[Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight]]'', in which the song reached number 90 on the US [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and was eventually certified [[RIAA certification|double platinum]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America]] (RIAA) after selling over two million copies.<ref name="Beibs">{{cite magazine|title=Travis Scott Chart History: Hot 100|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/travis-scott/chart-history/hsi/|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=October 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926140845/https://www.billboard.com/music/Travis-Scott/chart-history/hot-100|archive-date=September 26, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://hypebeast.com/2017/8/travis-scott-nav-biebs-in-the-trap-goes-platinum|title=Travis Scott & Nav's "Biebs In The Trap" Just Went Platinum|work=HYPEBEAST|access-date=October 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020032543/https://hypebeast.com/2017/8/travis-scott-nav-biebs-in-the-trap-goes-platinum|archive-date=October 20, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> On December 24, 2016, American record producer [[Metro Boomin]], who helped produce "Up", took to [[Twitter]] to announce that he and Nav would be releasing a collaborative project in 2017. On February 15, 2017, Nav released his debut single, "[[Some Way]]" featuring [[the Weeknd]], who is his label boss from XO, as the lead single from his [[Nav (mixtape)|self-titled debut mixtape]], which was released exactly nine days later. Exactly, one week after the release of the single, Nav tweeted that his collaborative mixtape with Metro Boomin would be titled ''[[Perfect Timing (mixtape)|Perfect Timing]]''. "Myself" was chosen as the second and final single from Nav's self-titled mixtape as it was sent to [[rhythmic contemporary|rhythmic contemporary radio]] on April 11, 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fashionably-early.com/2017/04/11/rhythmicurban-radio-update-april-11-2017/|title=Rhythmic/Urban Radio Update|date=12 April 2017|publisher=|via=Fashionably}}</ref> On July 14, 2017, Nav and Metro Boomin released "[[Perfect Timing (Intro)]]" and "[[Call Me (Nav and Metro Boomin song)|Call Me]]", the dual lead singles of ''Perfect Timing'', which was released exactly a week later.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.xxlmag.com/news/2017/07/nav-metro-boomin-drop-perfect-timing/|title=Nav and Metro Boomin Drop 'Perfect Timing' Project – XXL|website=XXL Mag|date=July 21, 2017 |access-date=January 31, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201075428/http://www.xxlmag.com/news/2017/07/nav-metro-boomin-drop-perfect-timing/|archive-date=February 1, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== 2018–2019: ''Reckless'' and ''Bad Habits'' ===
{{main|Reckless (Nav album)|Bad Habits (Nav album)}}
On November 7, 2017, Nav was featured on the single "[[Bali (song)|Bali]]" by Canadian [[hip hop music|hip hop]] duo [[88Glam]], which consisted of rappers and now-former XO signees [[Derek Wise]] and [[88Camino]] before the duo split in late 2022, as part of the duo's [[88Glam (mixtape)|self-titled debut mixtape]]. Three days later, he released the single "[[Wanted You]]" featuring Lil Uzi Vert, which became his first single as a lead artist, as well as a credited artist, to chart on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], reaching number 64.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Lamarre |first=Carl |date=November 10, 2017 |title=Nav & Lil Uzi Vert Blast Their Past Relationships on 'Wanted You' |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/nav-new-song-wanted-you-lil-uzi-vert-stream-8031205/ |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |language=en-US|accessdate=July 15, 2023}}</ref> In February 2018, Nav received a [[Juno Award]] nomination for [[Juno Award for Breakthrough Artist of the Year|Breakthrough Artist of the Year]] at the [[Juno Awards of 2018]].<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/music/junos/junos-news/arcade-fire-and-daniel-caesar-lead-2018-juno-award-nominations-1.4520940 "Arcade Fire and Daniel Caesar lead 2018 Juno Award nominations"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208065845/http://www.cbc.ca/music/junos/junos-news/arcade-fire-and-daniel-caesar-lead-2018-juno-award-nominations-1.4520940 |date=February 8, 2018 }}. [[CBC Music]], February 6, 2018.</ref> On March 16, 2018, he released the single "[[Freshman List]]", which saw him taking aim at the magazine ''[[XXL (magazine)|XXL]]'' for not including him in their segment of the same name to highlight up-and-coming artists in 2017.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mojica |first1=Nick |title=Nav Wants the Rookie of the Year Crown on New Song "Freshman List" |url=https://www.xxlmag.com/nav-freshman-list/ |website=[[XXL (magazine)|XXL]] |access-date=November 30, 2022 |date=March 16, 2018}}</ref> On April 6, 2018, Nav was featured on the single "[[Maintain (song)|Maintain]]" by fellow XO signee [[Belly (rapper)|Belly]], which later appeared on the latter's second studio album, ''[[Immigrant (album)|Immigrant]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/84796-belly-and-nav-are-out-here-trying-to-maintain-in-new-single-new-song|title=Belly & Nav Are Out Here Trying To "Maintain" In New Single|work=[[HotNewHipHop]]|last=Zidel|first=Alex|date=April 5, 2018|access-date=July 15, 2023}}</ref> On April 26, 2018, during his concert for his "Freshman Tour" in Los Angeles, he announced that he would be releasing two projects that year, in which he said that his debut studio album would be titled ''[[Reckless (Nav album)|Reckless]]'' and that he would also be releasing another collaborative mixtape with Metro Boomin titled ''Perfect Timing 2'', which is a sequel to their project together that was released in 2017, but the latter project has still not been released as of 2023. The next day, Nav took to social media to announce that Travis Scott, who came out to perform "Beibs in the Trap" with him onstage the previous day, would be featured on a song from ''Reckless''. On May 18, 2018, Nav released ''Reckless'', with "Wanted You" and "Freshman List" serving as the respective lead and second singles.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Saponara |first1=Michael |title=Stream NAV's Debut Album 'Reckless,' Feat. Travis Scott, Quavo & Lil Uzi Vert |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/nav-reckless-album-stream-8456716/ |magazine=Billboard |access-date=18 November 2022 |date=18 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Nav's Debut Album 'Reckless' Is Here |url=https://www.complex.com/music/2018/05/nav-reckless-stream |website=Complex |access-date=18 November 2022 |language=en}}</ref> "[[Champion (Nav song)|Champion]]" featuring Travis Scott was chosen as the third and final single from the album as it was sent to rhythmic contemporary radio on June 26, 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614224406/https://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 14, 2018|title=Top 40 Rhythmic Future Releases {{!}} R&B Song and Hip-Hop Music Release Dates {{!}} ...|date=June 14, 2018|access-date=January 12, 2020}}</ref> On August 3, 2018, Nav was featured alongside [[Gunna (rapper)|Gunna]] on the single "[[Yosemite (song)|Yosemite]]" by Travis Scott, as part of the latter's third studio album, ''[[Astroworld (album)|Astroworld]]'', which he received worldwide attention because his voice was initially mixed at a lower volume, but it was fixed and re-released with a better mix at the correct volume eight days later.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/travis-scott-picks-yosemite-as-next-astroworld-single-news.64318.html|title=Travis Scott Picks "Yosemite" As Next "Astroworld" Single|work=[[HotNewHipHop]]|last=Findlay|first=Mitch|date=November 12, 2018|access-date=December 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.spin.com/2018/08/travis-scott-astroworld-yosemite-nav-verse-final-mix-update/|title=Travis Scott Updates Final Mix of Astroworld Song 'Yosemite'|work=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]|last=Arcand|first=Rob|date=August 12, 2018|access-date=December 5, 2018}}</ref>

On November 2, 2018, Nav released the single "[[Know Me]]".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Espinoza |first1=Joshua |title=Nav Drops New Single "Know Me" |url=https://www.complex.com/music/2018/11/nav-know-me-stream |website=[[Complex Networks|Complex]] |access-date=November 30, 2022 |date=November 2, 2018}}</ref> He received two [[Juno Award]] nominations for [[Juno Fan Choice Award|Fan Choice]] and [[Juno Award for Rap Recording of the Year|Rap Recording of the Year]] at the [[Juno Awards of 2019]] for ''Reckless''. On March 22, 2019, Nav released his second studio album, ''[[Bad Habits (Nav album)|Bad Habits]]'', with "Know Me" serving as the lead single.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://exclaim.ca/music/article/nav_gets_meek_mill_young_thug_the_weeknd_for_bad_habits_album|title=NAV Gets Meek Mill, Young Thug, the Weeknd for 'Bad Habits' Album|work=[[Exclaim!]]|last=Slingerland|first=Calum|date=March 21, 2019|access-date=March 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322020537/https://exclaim.ca/music/article/nav_gets_meek_mill_young_thug_the_weeknd_for_bad_habits_album|archive-date=March 22, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Four days later, he released the deluxe edition of the album and "[[Price on My Head]]" featuring the Weeknd was chosen as the second single of the album on the same day.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Chin |first1=Mallory |title=Nav Drops Future-Assisted Track on Deluxe Edition of 'Bad Habits' |url=https://hypebeast.com/2019/3/nav-bad-habits-deluxe-edition-album-stream |website=HYPEBEAST |date=March 26, 2019 |access-date=April 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416083940/https://hypebeast.com/2019/3/nav-bad-habits-deluxe-edition-album-stream |archive-date=April 16, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Saponara |first1=Michael |title=Nav Connects With Future for 'Amazing,' Releases 'Bad Habits' Deluxe Edition |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8504249/nav-amazing-future-bad-habits-deluxe |magazine=Billboard |access-date=April 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424181141/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8504249/nav-amazing-future-bad-habits-deluxe |archive-date=April 24, 2019 |url-status=live |date=March 26, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/nav-the-weeknd-price-on-my-head-video-watch-813821/|title=Nav, the Weeknd's Toronto Hometown Burns in 'Price on My Head' Video|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|last=Legaspi|first=Althea|date=March 26, 2019|access-date=April 6, 2019|quote= The single appears on Nav's sophomore studio album, ''Bad Habits''.}}</ref> It debuted number one on the [[Billboard 200|US ''Billboard'' 200]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Caulfield |first1=Keith |title=NAV Nets First No. 1 Album on Billboard 200 Chart With 'Bad Habits' |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8504886/nav-nets-first-no-1-album-on-billboard-200-chart-with-bad-habits |magazine=Billboard |access-date=April 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405202144/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8504886/nav-nets-first-no-1-album-on-billboard-200-chart-with-bad-habits |archive-date=April 5, 2019 |url-status=live |date=March 31, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Caulfied |first1=Keith |title=NAV's 'Bad Habits' Set for No. 1 Debut on Billboard 200 Albums Chart |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8504820/nav-bad-habits-aiming-number-1-debut-billboard-200-albums-chart |magazine=Billboard |access-date=April 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430121319/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/8504820/nav-bad-habits-aiming-number-1-debut-billboard-200-albums-chart |archive-date=April 30, 2019 |url-status=live |date=March 29, 2019 }}</ref> "[[Tap (song)|Tap]]" featuring [[Meek Mill]] was chosen as the third and final single from the album as it was sent to rhythmic contemporary radio on May 7, 2019.<ref>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505084615/https://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases|url=http://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases|title=Top 40 Rhythmic Future Releases|publisher=All Access Media Group|accessdate=July 4, 2019|archivedate=May 5, 2019}}</ref> On June 28, 2019, [[Mustard (record producer)|Mustard]] released his third studio album, ''[[Perfect Ten (album)|Perfect Ten]]'', with Nav featured alongside [[Playboi Carti]] and [[A Boogie wit da Hoodie]] on the fourth track, "[[Baguettes in the Face]]".<ref>{{cite web |author=Devin Ch|title=Mustard Floods "Baguettes In The Face" Of NAV, A Boogie Wit Da Hoodie & Playboi Carti |url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/mustard-floods-baguettes-in-the-face-of-nav-a-boogie-wit-da-hoodie-and-playboi-carti-new-song.1983610.html |website=[[HotNewHipHop]] |date=June 30, 2019|accessdate=October 21, 2019}}</ref>

=== 2020–present: ''Good Intentions'', ''Brown Boy 2'', ''Emergency Tsunami'', ''Demons Protected by Angels'', and ''Nav2'' ===
{{main|Good Intentions (album)|Brown Boy 2|Emergency Tsunami|Demons Protected by Angels}}
On March 27, 2020, Nav released a collaboration with Gunna titled "[[Turks (song)|Turks]]" featuring Travis Scott.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/9345222/nav-turks-travis-scott-gunna|title=NAV, Gunna & Travis Scott Join Forces Again on 'Turks'|date=March 27, 2020|magazine=Billboard|access-date=March 29, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefader.com/2020/03/27/nav-shares-turks-featuring-gunna-and-travis-scott|title=Nav and Gunna share "Turks" featuring Travis Scott|website=The FADER|language=en|access-date=March 29, 2020}}</ref> The song became his highest-charting song in the United States as it reached number 17 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and served as the lead single from his third studio album, ''[[Good Intentions (album)|Good Intentions]]''. The album was released on May 8 and debuted at number one on the US ''Billboard'' 200. Three days later, Nav released its deluxe edition with a reissued album titled ''[[Brown Boy 2]]'', which also serves as a sequel to his unofficial EP, ''Brown Boy'', which his manager Cash released exclusively on Audiomack in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://audiomack.com/cashxo/album/brown-boy-ep|title = Audiomack | Free Music Sharing and Discovery}}</ref> Soon after the release of the albums, Nav released a merchandise collaboration with [[Vlone]] and [[Virgil Abloh]] for the album.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/style/2020/05/nav-good-intentions-merch-title-track-video|title=Nav Connects With Virgil Abloh, VLONE, and nWo on 'Good Intentions' Album Merch|website=Complex|access-date=May 31, 2020}}</ref> On August 14, Nav was featured on the single "[[Lemonade (Internet Money, Gunna and Don Toliver song)|Lemonade]]" by record label [[Internet Money Records|Internet Money]], Gunna, and [[Don Toliver]], which later appeared the label's debut studio album, ''[[B4 the Storm]]'', and gave Nav his highest-charting song ever as it reached number seven on the Hot 100.<ref name="HNHH">{{cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/internet-money-taps-gunna-nav-and-don-toliver-for-lemonade-new-song.1988255.html|title=Internet Money Taps Gunna, Nav, & Don Toliver For "Lemonade"|work=HotNewHipHop|last=Marke|first=Erika|date=August 14, 2020|access-date=August 23, 2020}}</ref> On November 6, 2020, Nav released his second commercial mixtape, ''[[Emergency Tsunami]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=NAV Announces New Mixtape 'Emergency Tsunami' |url=https://exclaim.ca/music/article/nav_announces_new_mixtape_emergency_tsunami |website=[[Exclaim!]] |access-date=18 November 2022 |language=en-ca}}</ref> Five days later, he released a bonus version of the mixtape.<ref>{{cite web |title=NAV Adds Future Collab To 'Emergency Tsunami' For Bonus Version Mixtape |url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.58966/title.nav-adds-future-collab-to-emergency-tsunami-for-bonus-version-mixtape |website=HipHopDX |access-date=November 18, 2022 |language=en |date=November 11, 2020}}</ref> "[[Young Wheezy]]", a collaboration with Gunna, was chosen as the lead and only single from the mixtape as it was sent to rhythmic contemporary radio on January 12, 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Top 40 Rhythmic Future Releases |url=https://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases |website=AllAccess|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104190322/https://www.allaccess.com/top40-rhythmic/future-releases |archive-date=January 4, 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On June 27, 2022, Nav shared that his fourth studio album would be titled ''[[Demons Protected by Angels]]''. On July 29, he released a collaboration with Lil Baby as the album's lead single titled "[[Never Sleep]]" featuring Travis Scott.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/nav-travis-scott-lil-baby-never-sleep|title=Nav Reconnects With Travis Scott and Lil Baby on "Never Sleep"|website=[[Complex Networks|Complex]]|last=Espinoza|first=Joshua|date=July 29, 2022|access-date=July 29, 2022}}</ref> Nav solely produced the second single, "Wrong Decisions", which was released on August 23, 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/nav-wrong-decisions-stream-video|title=Nav Shares Video for New Track "Wrong Decisions"|website=[[Complex Networks|Complex]]|last=Shifferaw|first=Abel|date=August 23, 2022|access-date=September 9, 2022}}</ref> The album was released on September 9, 2022, and a collaboration with Don Toliver, "[[One Time (Nav and Don Toliver song)|One Time]]", featuring [[Future (rapper)|Future]], was chosen as the third single four days later.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hypebeast.com/2022/9/nav-future-don-toliver-one-time-music-video-release|title=NAV Teams up With Future and Don Toliver in New Visuals for "One Time"|website=[[Hypebeast (website)|Hypebeast]]|last=Li|first=Joyce|date=September 14, 2022|access-date=September 14, 2022|quote=Following the release of his most recent album ''Demons Protected By Angels'', NAV has dropped new visuals for his single "One Time" featuring Future and Don Toliver.}}</ref> On October 1, 2022, Nav shared that he would be releasing his third commercial mixtape, ''Nav2'', a sequel to his self-titled mixtape, which was released back in 2017. On February 10, 2023, he released the single "[[Lately (Nav song)|Lately]]", which is expected to serve as the lead single from the mixtape.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.complex.com/music/nav-lately-stream|title=Nav Teases Upcoming 'Nav 2' Album With New Track "Lately"|website=[[Complex Networks|Complex]]|last=Cowen|first=Trace William|date=February 10, 2023|access-date=February 10, 2023}}</ref> On May 21, 2023, Metro Boomin joined Nav onstage during the latter's performance at the Metro Metro Festival in Montreal, which was before his own set at the festival, in which the two announced that their collaborative mixtape, ''Perfect Timing 2'', which was originally announced in 2018, would be released soon. Exactly ten days later, Nav released a collaboration with Metro Boomin and [[Swae Lee]] titled "[[Calling (Metro Boomin, Swae Lee and Nav song)|Calling]]" featuring A Boogie wit da Hoodie, which later appeared on Metro's first [[Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse (soundtrack)#Soundtrack|soundtrack album]], which was for the film ''[[Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Metro Boomin, NAV, A Boogie Wit Da Hoodie, And Swae Lee Join Forces On "Calling"|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/684757-metro-boomin-nav-boogie-swae-lee-join-forces|website=[[HotNewHipHop]]|last=Fisher|first=Caroline|date=May 31, 2023|access-date=May 31, 2023}}</ref> In a short interview in June 2023, Nav announced that he is currently working on his upcoming fifth studio album and sequels to three of his previously-released mixtapes: ''Nav2'', ''Emergency Tsunami 2'', and ''Perfect Timing 2'' (with Metro Boomin).

==Controversies==
In June 2017, Nav had received backlash from some members of his musical audience for usage of the word "nigga" in his songs such as on "My Mind", "TTD", and other songs.<ref>{{cite web |title=Why We Can't Give South Asian Artists Who Say The N-Word A Pass |date=March 5, 2017 |url=https://www.thefader.com/2017/03/15/south-asian-artists-rapper-nav |access-date=October 22, 2020}}</ref> In an interview with [[Genius (website)|Genius]], Nav stated that the neighborhood he grew up in of Rexdale is very "multicultural" with members of the "Chinese to white to black to Jamaican" openly using the term with one another. He stated that it was commonly used among his friends, but once he had gotten global exposure, Nav said he started seeing some backlash. In this interview, Nav had stated that he would no longer use this term in his music anymore, and that people would not hear it on his then-upcoming collaboration project with [[Metro Boomin]], ''[[Perfect Timing (mixtape)|Perfect Timing]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://genius.com/a/nav-says-he-s-done-using-the-n-word-in-his-music |title=NAV Says He's Done Using the N-Word in His Music |access-date=May 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524235713/https://genius.com/a/nav-says-he-s-done-using-the-n-word-in-his-music |archive-date=May 24, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In March 2018, Nav had publicly criticized ''[[XXL (magazine)|XXL]]'' through a series of tweets and Instagram posts along with releasing the single, "Freshman List".<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/nav-debuts-freshman-list-single-ahead-of-tour-new-song.1977774.html | title=Nav Debuts "Freshman List" Single Ahead of Tour| website=HNHH| date=March 15, 2018}}</ref> His main reason for criticizing the magazine was due to not being selected for the 2018 freshman cover. In his tweets, Nav shared his thoughts that had ranged "from angry and bitter to motivational and inspirational". After his tweets and release of the single, Nav began addressing the outlet's editor-in-chief Vanessa Satten through now deleted Instagram posts and further continued to criticize the outlet.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://hiphopwired.com/747419/nav-blasts-xxls-editor-in-chief-says-freshmen-list-website-is-trash/ | title=Nav Blasts XXL's Editor-In-Chief, Says Freshmen List & Website is Trash| date=March 20, 2018}}</ref>

In August 2018, Nav featured on [[Travis Scott]]'s third studio album, ''[[Astroworld (album)|Astroworld]]'', on the song "[[Yosemite (song)|Yosemite]]" alongside fellow rapper [[Gunna (rapper)|Gunna]]. He was the subject of many [[Internet meme|memes]] mocking his feature; Nav's four vocal lines at the end of the song were initially mixed at a very low volume. Nav himself shared a meme on his Instagram. Scott and producer [[Mike Dean (record producer)|Mike Dean]] later confirmed this was an error, and re-mixed and re-released the track on streaming services with the updated vocal mix a week after the release of the song and album.<ref>{{cite web |title=Why Nav's Vocals on "Yosemite" Were Quiet, According to Travis Scott's Engineer |url=https://www.complex.com/music/2020/04/why-nav-vocals-were-so-low-on-travis-scott-yosemite |website=[[Complex Magazine|Complex]] |access-date=18 November 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Travis Scott's Engineer Explains The Low Volume Of Nav's 'Yosemite' Verse |url=https://uproxx.com/music/travis-scott-engineer-explains-volume-nav-yosemite/ |website=[[UPROXX]] |access-date=18 November 2022 |date=7 April 2020}}</ref>

In March 2019 during an interview with Pitchfork, Nav expressed his frustration stating that "Fame is something I want, it's a good problem to have. I'm still not there, because when I walk out of fucking Delilah in L.A. and [[TMZ]] will be standing out there with cameras and not even take a picture of me, I get sick. I get in my fucking Lambo truck right in front of them. All my jewelry on and they don't even take one picture."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://pitchfork.com/levels/lunch-with-nav/ |title=Lunch with Nav |website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]] |date=March 27, 2019 |access-date=May 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503070839/https://pitchfork.com/levels/lunch-with-nav/ |archive-date=May 3, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> However, he later clarified that this was taken out of context, as "sick" is in fact a positive term in Toronto slang, and rather than being disgusted for not being recognized, he is grateful to still have anonymity as a celebrity.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ga5XU3RX4QA | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211118/Ga5XU3RX4QA| archive-date=November 18, 2021 | url-status=live|title=Nav Talks Working With Lil Uzi Vert, "Yosemite" Vocals & Haters |website=[[YouTube]] |access-date=May 20, 2020 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> Nav further stated in the [[Pitchfork (website)|''Pitchfork'']] interview that he hoped his latest project, ''[[Bad Habits (Nav album)|Bad Habits]]'' would help him become more noticed by TMZ along with other paparazzi. A week later, TMZ found Nav in New York and did a brief video interview with him, asking him questions about his chain-snatching situation with [[Lil Uzi Vert]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.tmz.com/videos/1_6al6q8fw/ |title=Canadian Rapper Nav on TMZ is Finally a Thing |access-date=May 22, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401072001/https://www.tmz.com/videos/1_6al6q8fw/ |archive-date=April 1, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Discography==
{{main|Nav discography}}

'''Studio albums'''
* ''[[Reckless (Nav album)|Reckless]]'' (2018)
* ''[[Bad Habits (Nav album)|Bad Habits]]'' (2019)
* ''[[Good Intentions (album)|Good Intentions]]'' (2020)
* ''[[Demons Protected by Angels]]'' (2022)

==Awards and nominations==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Awards
! Category
! Work
! Result
|-
| 2018
| [[Juno Awards of 2018|Juno Award]]
| [[Juno Award for Breakthrough Artist of the Year|Breakthrough Artist of the Year]]
|
| {{nominated}}
|-
|rowspan=2| 2019
|rowspan=2| [[Juno Awards of 2019|Juno Award]]
| [[Juno Fan Choice Award|Fan Choice]]
|
| {{nominated}}
|-
| [[Juno Award for Rap Recording of the Year|Rap Recording of the Year]]
| ''[[Reckless (Nav album)|Reckless]]''
| {{nominated}}
|-
|rowspan=2| 2020
|rowspan=2| [[Juno Awards of 2020|Juno Award]]
| Fan Choice<ref name="hollywoodreporter.com">{{Cite web|date=March 9, 2021|title=Juno Awards: The Weeknd Scores Leading 6 Nominations|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/2021-junos-nominations-list|access-date=March 12, 2021|website=The Hollywood Reporter|language=en}}</ref>
|
| {{nominated}}
|-
| Rap Recording of the Year<ref name="hollywoodreporter.com"/>
| ''Bad Habits''
| {{nominated}}
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Nav}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nav}}
[[Category:1989 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Canadian male singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Canadian rappers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian singers]]
[[Category:Canadian hip hop record producers]]
[[Category:Canadian hip hop singers]]
[[Category:Canadian male rappers]]
[[Category:Canadian male singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:Canadian musicians of Indian descent]]
[[Category:Canadian people of Punjabi descent]]
[[Category:Indian hip hop singers]]
[[Category:Indian male singer-songwriters]]
[[Category:Indian record producers]]
[[Category:People from Etobicoke]]
[[Category:Punjabi rappers]]
[[Category:Punjabi singers]]
[[Category:Rappers from Toronto]]
[[Category:Republic Records artists]]
[[Category:Trap musicians]]
[[Category:Twitch (service) streamers]]
[[Category:XO (record label)]]
[[Category:21st-century Canadian singer-songwriters]]

Byju's

2023-09-26T19:14:39Z

Socialibnacc: Edit

{{short description|Indian multinational educational technology company}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Byju's
| logo = Byju's logo.svg
| type = [[Privately held company|Private]]
| industry = {{plainlist|
*[[Edtech]]}}
| founded = {{Start date and age|df=y|2011}}<ref name=entrep />
| founders = {{plainlist|
*[[Byju Raveendran]]
*[[Divya Gokulnath]]
}}
| hq_location_city = [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]]<ref name=entrep />
| hq_location_country = India
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = {{Unbulleted_list|
[[Byju Raveendran]] {{small|([[Chief executive officer|CEO]])}}
|[[Divya Gokulnath]] {{small|([[Director (business)|Director]])}}<ref>{{cite news |title=Byju's better half |url=https://www.fortuneindia.com/people/byjus-better-half/104850 |access-date=12 March 2021 |work=www.fortuneindia.com |language=en}}</ref>}}
| products = BYJU'S – The Learning App
| revenue = {{decrease}} {{INRConvert|2280|c}} (FY 2021){{r|FR2021}}
| subsid = {{plainlist|
*[[Osmo (game system)|Osmo]]
*TutorVista (Rebranded as iRobot Tutor TV STEM)
*HashLearn
*[[WhiteHat Jr]]
*LabInApp
*Scholr
*Aakash Institute
*Toppr
*Whodat
*[[Tynker]]
*[[Epic!]]
*Great Learning
*Superset
*GradeUp (Rebranded as Byju's Exam Prep)
*[[GeoGebra]]
}}
| website = {{official URL}}
}}

'''Byju's''' (stylised as '''BYJU'S''') is an Indian [[Multinational corporation|multinational]] [[educational technology]] company, headquartered in [[Bangalore]].<ref>{{Cite report |last1=Sahu |first1=Akshaya Kumar |last2=Abhishek |first2=M. |date=2018 |title=A study of ed-tech industry in India, with a focus on the growth of Byju's |url=http://repository.iimb.ac.in/handle/2074/19233}}</ref> It was founded in 2011 by [[Byju Raveendran]] and [[Divya Gokulnath]]. As of Sept 2023, Byju's was valued at $5.1 billion.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Manish |date=2023-06-27 |title=Prosus slashes edtech giant Byju's valuation to $5.1 billion |url=https://techcrunch.com/2023/06/27/prosus-byjus-markdown/ |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=TechCrunch |language=en-US}}</ref> As of April 2023, the company claims to have over 150 million registered students.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Learn Math, Coding, Music & Arts Online {{!}} BYJU'S USA {{!}} BYJU'S Learning {{!}} BYJU'S Future School |url=https://byjus.com/us/ |access-date=2023-04-05 |website=BYJU'S |language=en}}</ref>

== History ==
[[File:Byju Raveendran CEO Byju's.jpg|thumb|Byju's CEO Byju Raveendran]]
Byju's app was developed by Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd, a company which was established by [[Byju Raveendran]], [[Divya Gokulnath]] and a group of students in 2011.<ref name="bloomberg">{{cite news|last=Rai|first=Saritha|date=21 June 2017|title=Zuckerberg or Gates? Billionaires Try Opposite Paths for Online Education in India|newspaper=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-06-20/zuckerberg-or-gates-billionaires-try-opposites-paths-for-online-education-in-india|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180324072640/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-06-20/zuckerberg-or-gates-billionaires-try-opposites-paths-for-online-education-in-india|archive-date=24 March 2018|access-date=4 May 2019|publisher=[[Bloomberg Technology]]}}</ref><ref name=entrep>{{cite web|url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/310403|title=Decoding Byju's Journey From Start-up to Unicorn|first=Sandeep|last=Soni|date=14 March 2018|work=[[Entrepreneur (magazine)|Entrepreneur India]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180324083500/https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/310403|archive-date=24 March 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref name="Ghosh 2020">{{cite news |last1=Ghosh |first1=Debojyoti |title=Byju's better half |url=https://www.fortuneindia.com/people/byjus-better-half/104850 |access-date=26 March 2021 |work=Fortune India |date=November 21, 2020}}</ref> Byju, an [[engineer]] by profession was coaching students in [[mathematics]] since 2006.<ref name=bloomberg /><ref>{{Cite web |title=BYJU'S The Learning App |department=Faculty & Research |publisher=Harvard Business School |url=https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=52474&source=post_page--------------------------- |access-date=2022-07-18 |website=www.hbs.edu}}</ref> In initial days the company focused on offering online video-based learning programs for the [[K-12]] segment and for competitive exams.<ref name="8students">{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/how-8-students-helped-byju-raveendran-build-his-multi-crore-edtech-business/articleshow/59274288.cms|title=How 8 students helped Byju Raveendran build his multi-crore edtech business|author=J Vignesh|date=23 June 2017|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180412072941/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/how-8-students-helped-byju-raveendran-build-his-multi-crore-edtech-business/articleshow/59274288.cms|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url= https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/overseas-expansion-acquisition-on-byju-raveendrans-mind/articleshow/53392426.cms|title=Overseas expansion, acquisition on Byju Raveendran's mind|author=Anu Thomas|date= 28 July 2016|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180413112147/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/overseas-expansion-acquisition-on-byju-raveendrans-mind/articleshow/53392426.cms|archive-date=13 April 2018|access-date= 4 May 2019}}</ref> In 2012, the firm entered Deloitte Technology Fast 50 India and [[Deloitte Technology Fast 500|Deloitte Technology Fast 500 Asia Pacific]] ratings and has been present there ever since.<ref name=entrep /><ref name="del">{{cite web|url=https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/in/Documents/technology-media-telecommunications/in-tmt-tech-fast-50-winners-report-17-noexp.pdf|title=Deloitte Technology Fast50 India 2017 Ranking|year=2017|publisher=[[Deloitte]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180412073224/https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/in/Documents/technology-media-telecommunications/in-tmt-tech-fast-50-winners-report-17-noexp.pdf|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref>
In August 2015

In August 2015, the firm launched Byju's: The Learning App.<ref name="financial2018">{{cite news|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/education-2/reinventing-the-classroom-says-byju-raveendran-of-byjus-the-learning-app/755401/|title=Reinventing the classroom, says Byju Raveendran of Byju's: The Learning App|author=Gaurab Dasgupta|date=25 August 2017|newspaper=[[The Financial Express (India)|Financial Express]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180412074915/http://www.financialexpress.com/education-2/reinventing-the-classroom-says-byju-raveendran-of-byjus-the-learning-app/755401/|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref name=8students /> In 2017, they launched Byju's Math App for kids and Byju's Parent Connect app.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.businessinsider.in/Byjus-new-gamified-app-wantsto-make-studying-Maths-real-fun-for-students/articleshow/57166026.cms|title=Byju's new gamified app wants to make studying Maths real fun for students|first=Tanya|last=Dubey|date=15 February 2017|work=[[Business Insider| Business Insider India]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180412075729/https://www.businessinsider.in/Byjus-new-gamified-app-wantsto-make-studying-Maths-real-fun-for-students/articleshow/57166026.cms|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/education/parent-connect-app-will-track-the-childs-learning-journey-says-byjus-ceo/article9715336.ece|title= Parent connect app will track the child's learning journey, says Byju's CEO|author=Venkatesh Ganesh|publisher=[[Business Line]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180412075855/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/education/parent-connect-app-will-track-the-childs-learning-journey-says-byjus-ceo/article9715336.ece|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref> By 2018, it had 15 million users out of which 900,000 were paid users at that time.<ref name="et2018a">{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/byjus-targets-rs-1300-crore-revenue-next-year/articleshow/63397720.cms|title=Byju's targets Rs 1300 crore revenue next year|first=Krishna|last=Kumar|date=21 March 2018|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180324080218/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/byjus-targets-rs-1300-crore-revenue-next-year/articleshow/63397720.cms|archive-date=24 March 2018|access-date=4 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="economist">{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/business/21737096-byjus-has-900000-paid-users-and-investment-sequoia-capital-and-chinas-tencent-indian|title=Indian teaching startups make work for idle thumbs|date=17 February 2018|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217112341/https://www.economist.com/news/business/21737096-byjus-has-900000-paid-users-and-investment-sequoia-capital-and-chinas-tencent-indian|archive-date= 17 February 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref> In the same year, Byju's became India's first edtech unicorn.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Byju's Is India's First EdTech Unicorn|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/byju-india-first-edtech-unicorn-043520632.html|access-date=2022-01-13|website=finance.yahoo.com|date=20 September 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref> By 2019, 60% of BYJU’S students were from non-metros and rural cities.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Byju's profit up due to non-metro users|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/business/2019/dec/19/byjus-profit-up-due-to-non-metro-users-2078273.html|access-date=2022-01-13|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>

In January 2022, the company joined Simplilearn, Unacademy, upGrad, PrepInsta Prime and [[Vedantu]] to become one of the founding members of [[IAMAI]]'s India EdTech Consortium.<ref>{{Cite news|agency=PTI|date=2022-01-12|title=IAMAI sets up India EdTech Consortium to uphold code of conduct by edtech platforms|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/education/iamai-sets-up-india-edtech-consortium-to-uphold-code-of-conduct-by-edtech-platforms/article38248144.ece|access-date=2022-02-10|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

In March 2022, it signed a contract with [[Qatar Investment Authority]] to establish a new edtech company and an R&D centre in Doha.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Abrar |first=Peerzada |date=2022-03-28 |title=Byju's and Qatar Investment Authority announce ed-tech subsidiary in Doha |work=Business Standard India |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/byju-s-and-qatar-investment-authority-announce-ed-tech-subsidiary-in-doha-122032800784_1.html |access-date=2022-04-30}}</ref>

In August 2022, ''[[Bloomberg News]]'' reported that the [[Ministry of Corporate Affairs]] sent a letter to Byju's asking them to explain the non-filing of its audited financials for the year ending March 2021. Byju's reasoned that the 17-month delay was due to the challenge of consolidating the accounts of its acquisitions during that year.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-25/byju-s-said-to-be-asked-reasons-for-delayed-filing-of-accounts |title=India Seeks Byju's Reply on Delayed Filing of Audited Accounts |date=2022-08-25 |url-access=limited |first1=Shruti |last1=Srivastava |first2=Anto |last2=Antony |archive-url=http://archive.today/2022.08.26-020017/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-25/byju-s-said-to-be-asked-reasons-for-delayed-filing-of-accounts |archive-date=2022-08-26}}</ref> In spite of the delay, Deloitte gave the company a clean audit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BYJU's receives a clean bill of health from Deloitte – e3d news |date=5 September 2022 |url=https://e3dnews.com/2022/09/05/byjus-unqualified-deloitte/ |access-date=2022-09-06 |language=en-US}}</ref> In November 2022, many employees of Byju's came out to speak against the company's unfair treatment. Reportedly, Byju's sacked over 5,000 employees.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Byju's Forced Us To Resign, Treated Us As Robots," Say Sacked Employees |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/byjus-ex-employees-claim-company-forced-them-to-sign-resignation-letters-treated-them-as-robots-3487877 |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref> In April 2023, the [[Enforcement Directorate]] announced that it had conducted searches at Byju's offices under the [[Foreign Exchange Management Act]] and seized "incriminating" documents.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Manish |title=India's anti-money laundering agency searches edtech giant Byju's offices |url=https://techcrunch.com/2023/04/28/edtech-giant-byjus-founder-under-india-crime-fighting-agency-radar/ |access-date=1 May 2023 |work=TechCrunch |date=29 April 2023}}</ref>

== Products and services ==
Byju's is an education tutoring app that runs on a [[freemium]] model,<ref name="tech2016">{{cite web|url= http://techcircle.vccircle.com/2016/03/22/ed-tech-startup-byjus-raises-75m-from-sequoia-sofina/|title=Ed-tech startup Byju's raises $75M from Sequoia, Sofina|first=Priya|last=Prasad|date=22 March 2016|website=[[VCCircle]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331161943/http://techcircle.vccircle.com/2016/03/22/ed-tech-startup-byjus-raises-75m-from-sequoia-sofina/|archive-date=31 March 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref> with free access to content limited for 15 days after the registration.<ref name=tech2016 /><ref name="manorama">{{cite web|url=https://english.manoramaonline.com/business/news/byju-raveendran-50-million-investments-facebook-zuckerberg.html|title=Byju Raveendran: From a Malayalam school to an app with Zuckerberg funding|first=Ajish|last=George|date=12 September 2016|newspaper=[[Malayala Manorama]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331163007/https://english.manoramaonline.com/business/news/byju-raveendran-50-million-investments-facebook-zuckerberg.html|archive-date=31 March 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref> It was launched in August 2015,<ref name="rediff_201610">{{Cite news|url=http://www.rediff.com/business/interview/two-lakh-to-330-crore-the-byjus-classes-success-story/20161007.htm|title=2 lakh to 3300 crore: The Byju's Classes success story|last=Warrier|first=Shobha|website=[[Rediff.com]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802204802/http://www.rediff.com/business/interview/two-lakh-to-330-crore-the-byjus-classes-success-story/20161007.htm|archive-date=2 August 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref> offering educational content for students from classes 4 to 12<ref name="Williamson 157–162">{{Cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Ben |date=2022-04-03 |title=Big EdTech |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2022.2063888 |journal=Learning, Media and Technology |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=157–162 |doi=10.1080/17439884.2022.2063888 |s2cid=249100577 |issn=1743-9884|doi-access=free }}</ref> and in 2019 an early learning program has started for classes 1 to 3.<ref name="et2018a" /> It also trains students for examinations in [[India]] such as [[IIT-JEE]], [[National Eligibility and Entrance Test|NEET]], [[Common Admission Test|CAT]], [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]], and international examinations such as [[Graduate Record Examinations|GRE]] and [[GMAT]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/companies/byjus-ceo-targets-entry-into-unicorn-club-aims-to-turn-profitable-in-fy18-2286985.html|title=Byjus' CEO targets entry into unicorn club; aims to turn profitable in FY18|first=Durba|last=Ghosh|date=24 May 2017|website=[[Moneycontrol.com]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331144119/https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/companies/byjus-ceo-targets-entry-into-unicorn-club-aims-to-turn-profitable-in-fy18-2286985.html|archive-date=31 March 2018|access-date=4 May 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Academic subjects and concepts are explained with 12–20 minute [[Computer animation|digital animation]] videos<ref name="ecotimes_201606">{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/wealth/earn/why-byju-raveendrans-firm-is-leading-in-the-educational-technology-space/articleshow/52700525.cms|title=Why Byju Raveendran's firm is leading in the educational technology space|last=Dwivedi|first=Vinay|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=13 June 2016|access-date=4 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215160026/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/wealth/earn/why-byju-raveendrans-firm-is-leading-in-the-educational-technology-space/articleshow/52700525.cms|archive-date=15 February 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="qz_201607">{{Cite news|url=https://qz.com/740893/an-engineer-has-built-indias-largest-education-technology-startup-by-helping-students-get-into-the-iims/|title=India's largest edu-tech startup was built by an engineer who aced CAT for fun—twice|last=Karnik|first=Madhura|website=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz]]|date=27 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160801073300/https://qz.com/740893/an-engineer-has-built-indias-largest-education-technology-startup-by-helping-students-get-into-the-iims/|archive-date=1 August 2016|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref name="forbes_201609">{{Cite web|url=http://www.forbesindia.com/article/hidden-gems-2016/how-byjus-fills-the-biggest-gap-in-indian-education/44247/1|title=How Byju's fills the biggest gap in Indian education|last=Shree|first=Shilpa|website=[[Forbes India]]|language=en-US|date=9 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731184429/http://www.forbesindia.com/article/hidden-gems-2016/how-byjus-fills-the-biggest-gap-in-indian-education/44247/1|archive-date=31 July 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref> and through which students learn in a self-paced mode.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Mirjana |first1=Pejic-Bach |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xG9bEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Byju%27s%22&pg=PA293 |title=Management Strategies for Sustainability, New Knowledge Innovation, and Personalized Products and Services |last2=Ça?lar |first2=Do?ru |date=2022-01-14 |publisher=IGI Global |isbn=978-1-7998-7795-0 |language=en}}</ref> Byju's reports to have 40 million users overall, 3 million annual paid subscribers and an annual retention rate of about 85%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessworld.in/article/Byju-s-Group-The-World-Is-His-Classroom/29-04-2019-169817/|title=Byju's Group: The World Is His Classroom|first=Suman|last=K Jha|work=[[Businessworld]]|date=29 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502150713/http://www.businessworld.in/article/Byju-s-Group-The-World-Is-His-Classroom/29-04-2019-169817/|archive-date=2 May 2019|access-date=2 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/sindhujabalaji/2018/03/11/how-are-indias-biggest-edtech-startups-winning-students-by-treating-it-like-a-game/|title=How Are India's Biggest EdTech Startups Winning Students? By Treating It Like A Game|first=Sindhuja|last=Balaji|date=11 March 2018|work=[[Forbes India]]|access-date=4 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720010545/https://www.forbes.com/sites/sindhujabalaji/2018/03/11/how-are-indias-biggest-edtech-startups-winning-students-by-treating-it-like-a-game/|archive-date=20 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> In October 2018, the app expanded to the United Kingdom, United States and other English-speaking countries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC World News - India's Game-Changers, Byju Raveendran |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/n3ct5ckk |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=BBC |language=en-GB}}</ref>

In 2019, the company announced that it would launch its app in regional [[Languages of India|Indian languages]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bestmediainfo.com/2017/11/byju-s-looking-at-regional-languages-and-international-markets-for-growth/|title=Byju's looking at regional languages and international markets for growth|first=Roshni|last=Nair|date=22 November 2017|website=bestmediainfo.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331155917/http://bestmediainfo.com/2017/11/byju-s-looking-at-regional-languages-and-international-markets-for-growth/|archive-date=31 March 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref name="et2018a" /> It also planned to launch an international version of the app for English-speaking students in other countries.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://techcircle.vccircle.com/2018/03/09/why-ed-tech-startup-byju-s-will-build-not-buy-for-its-global-expansion|title= Why ed-tech startup Byju's will build, not buy, for its global expansion|first1=Anand|last1=J.|first2=Dearton Thomas|last2=Hector|date=9 March 2018|website=[[VCCircle]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190502090122/https://www.techcircle.in/2018/03/09/why-ed-tech-startup-byju-s-will-build-not-buy-for-its-global-expansion|archive-date=2 May 2019|access-date=2 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2018/12/17/byjus-raises-540-million/|title=Byju's targets global expansion for its digital education service after raising $540M|first=Jon|last=Russell|website=[[TechCrunch]]|date=17 December 2018|access-date=2 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505034826/https://techcrunch.com/2018/12/17/byjus-raises-540-million/|archive-date=5 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> And to cater students of kindergarten, Byju's launched new programs in its Early Learn App.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Disney. Byju's Early Learn App Now Offers Learning Programs For Kindergarten Kids In India|url=https://www.apnnews.com/disney-byjus-early-learn-app-now-offers-learning-programs-for-kindergarten-kids-in-india/|access-date=2020-06-15|language=en-US}}</ref>

In April 2021, the company also announced the launch of "Byju's Future School" to be led by [[WhiteHat Jr.|WhiteHat Jr]] Founder [[Karan Bajaj]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-09|title=Byju's to build a blended-learning Future School based on WhiteHat Jr Success Story|url=https://www.ciol.com/byjus-build-blended-learning-future-school-based-whitehat-jr-success-story/|access-date=2021-04-19|website=CIOL|language=en-US}}</ref> The Future School aims to cross the bridge from passive to active learning with an interactive learning platform blended with coding and other subjects like Math, Science, English, Music and Fine arts through storytelling. Byju's will launch the Future School in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Brazil, Indonesia and Mexico in May.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Abrar|first=Peerzada|date=2021-04-08|title=Indian edtech giant Byju's expands globally, launches Future School|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/indian-edtech-giant-byju-s-expands-globally-launches-future-school-121040800739_1.html|access-date=2021-04-19}}</ref> Karan Bajaj quit WhitHat Jr a year after the acquisition.<ref>{{Cite news |title=WhiteHat Jr founder Karan Bajaj quits a year after acquisition by Byju's |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/whitehat-jr-founder-karan-bajaj-quits-a-year-after-acquisition-by-byjus/articleshow/85033048.cms |access-date=2022-10-08}}</ref>

The company is focusing on adopting a hybrid model of teaching and learning by launching 500 tuition centers across 200 cities in India.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Byju's to launch 500 physical tuition centres as edtech firm ramps up blended learning |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/companies/byjus-to-launch-500-physical-tuition-centres-as-edtech-firm-ramps-up-blended-learning-8120241.html |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=Moneycontrol |date=17 February 2022 |language=en}}</ref> As of February 2022, 80 centers are already launched.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Simhan |first=T. E. Raja |title=Byju's Tuition Centre to hire nearly 4,000 teachers this year |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/education/byjus-tuition-centre-plans-to-hire-nearly-4000-teachers-this-year/article65062083.ece |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=www.thehindubusinessline.com |date=18 February 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

== Acquisitions ==
In July 2017, Think and Learn acquired [[TutorVista]] (including Edurite) from [[Pearson plc|Pearson]].<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.livemint.com/Companies/VtOJY1jBZSOrtBvyLzsrhI/Byjus-acquires-TutorVista-Eduvista-in-push-for-global-expa.html|title=Byju's buys Pearson's TutorVista, Edurite in push for global expansion|author=Sayan Chakraborty|date=4 July 2017|newspaper=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412082807/https://www.livemint.com/Companies/VtOJY1jBZSOrtBvyLzsrhI/Byjus-acquires-TutorVista-Eduvista-in-push-for-global-expa.html|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/byjus-acquires-tutorvista-and-edurite/articleshow/59427281.cms|title= *Byju's acquires TutorVista, Edurite from Pearson|author=J Vignesh|date=3 July 2017|publisher=[[The Economic Times]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180412082950/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/byjus-acquires-tutorvista-and-edurite/articleshow/59427281.cms|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref name="forbes_201707">{{cite news|last=Dhamija|first=Anshul|title=Byju's acquires TutorVista and Edurite from Pearson|url=http://www.forbesindia.com/article/special/byjus-acquires-tutorvista-and-edurite-from-pearson/47449/1|work=[[Forbes India]]|date=3 July 2017|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref> In January 2019, Byju's acquired American-based [[Osmo (game system)|Osmo]], a maker of educational games for children aged 3–8 years for {{USD|120 million|link=yes}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/80Le6wvAY3xi3jFSs5FJLI/Byjus-acquires-USbased-Osmo-for-120-million.html|title=Byju's acquires US-based Osmo for $120 million, also Toppr |first=Deepti|last=Govind|website=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]|date=19 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190205042058/http://www.livemint.com/Companies/80Le6wvAY3xi3jFSs5FJLI/Byjus-acquires-USbased-Osmo-for-120-million.html|archive-date=5 February 2019|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref> Byju's also acquired Indian startup WhiteHat Jr for {{USD|300 million}}.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/byjus-acquires-mumbai-based-edtech-firm-whitehat-jr/articleshow/77378868.cms|title=Byju's parent buys WhiteHat Jr in $300m cash deal|first=Biswarup|last=Gooptu|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref> In September 2020, Byju's acquires virtual labs simulation startup LabInApp.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bhalla|first=Tarush|date=2020-09-17|title=Byju's buys virtual simulation platform LabInApp|url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/byju-s-acquires-ed-tech-startup-labinapp-11600360542485.html|access-date=2021-07-05|website=mint|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sil|first=Debarghya|date=2020-09-18|title=Edtech Giant Byju's Acquires Virtual Lab Simulation Platform LabInApp|url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/356376|access-date=2021-07-05|website=Entrepreneur|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Byju's acquires Unitus-funded edtech start-up LabInApp|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/social-media/byjus-acquires-unitus-funded-edtech-start-up-labinapp/article32632055.ece|access-date=2021-07-05|website=@businessline|date=17 September 2020 |language=en}}</ref> In February 2021, Byju's acquires [[Mumbai]]-based doubt clearing platform Scholr.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Upadhyay|first=Harsh|date=2021-02-18|title=Exclusive: Byju's acquires Mumbai-based doubt clearing platform Scholr|url=https://entrackr.com/2021/02/exclusive-byjus-acquires-mumbai-based-doubt-clearing-platform-scholr/|access-date=2021-02-19|website=Entrackr|language=en-US}}</ref>

In April 2021, Byju's acquired test prep firm Aakash Educational Services Ltd. in an estimated {{USD|950 million}} cash and stock deal. Aakash's founders and [[Blackstone Group]] will receive minority stakes in Byju's as part of the deal.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Shah |first1=Sneha |last2=Peermohamed |first2=Alnoor |title=Byju's to acquire Aakash Educational Services in nearly $1-billion deal |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/byjus-to-acquire-aakash-educational-services-in-700-million-deal/articleshow/81910598.cms |website=The Economic Times |access-date=6 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-01-12|title=Byju's to Pay $1 Billion for Blackstone-Backed India Tutor|language=en|work=Bloomberg.com|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-12/byju-s-said-to-pay-1-billion-for-blackstone-backed-india-tutor|access-date=2021-01-18}}</ref> In July 2021, Byju's acquired American-based kids learning platform [[Epic!]] in a {{USD|500 million}} cash-and-stock deal. The Epic acquisition was part of Byju's foray into the overseas market, from where it expects annual revenue of {{USD|300 million}} per financial year.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/byjus-acquires-us-edtech-firm-epic-in-500-million-deal/articleshow/84612454.cms|title = Byju's acquires US edtech firm Epic in $500-million deal|newspaper = The Economic Times}}</ref> In July 2021, Byju's acquired [[Singapore]]-based higher education platform Great Learning at a cost of {{USD|600 million}} and after-school learning app Toppr.<ref>{{cite news |title=Byju's Acquires Education Platform Great Learning For $600 Million |url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/byjus-acquires-education-platform-great-learning-2495176 |access-date=27 July 2021 |work=NDTV.com}}</ref> In September 2021, Byju's acquired two startups including online test preparation platform Gradeup for an undisclosed price and rebranded it to BYJU’S Exam Prep<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bhalla|first=Tarush|date=2021-09-07|title=Byju's takes over Gradeup in its 8th acquisition of the year|url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/start-ups/byjus-acquires-exam-prep-platform-gradeup-8th-buy-this-year-11631025394832.html|access-date=2021-09-10|website=mint|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Byju's acquires online exam preparation platform Gradeup|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/byjus-acquires-online-exam-preparation-platform-gradeup/articleshow/86016376.cms|access-date=2021-09-10}}</ref> and American based coding platform [[Tynker]] for {{USD|200 million}}.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 17, 2021|first=Shilpa|last=Phadnis|title=tynker: Byju's acquires US kids coding platform for $200 million|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/byjus-acquires-us-kids-coding-platform-for-200-million/articleshow/86281012.cms|access-date=2021-09-18|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Byju's acquires coding platform Tynker for $200 million in US expansion push|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2021/09/16/byjus-acquires-coding-platform-tynker-for-200-million-in-us-expansion-push/|access-date=2021-09-18|website=TechCrunch|date=16 September 2021 |language=en-US}}</ref> In December 2021, Byju's acquired [[GeoGebra]] in a {{USD|100 million}} cash-and-stock deal.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Padmanabhan|first=Arun|title=Byju's acquires Austria's math platform GeoGebra in $100 million deal|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/byjus-acquires-austria-based-math-platform-geogebra/articleshow/88162698.cms|access-date=2021-12-18}}</ref> In February 2022, Byju's-owned upskilling platform Great Learning acquires [[Bengaluru]]-based campus recruitment platform Superset.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rai|first=Joseph|date=2022-02-23|title=Byju's-owned upskilling platform Great Learning buys recruitment firm Superset|url=https://www.livemint.com/companies/start-ups/byjusowned-upskilling-platform-great-learning-buys-recruitment-firm-superset-11645558786034.html|access-date=2022-02-23|website=Livemint|language=en-US}}</ref>

To date, Byju's spent at least $2.8 billion on a dozen acquisitions to expand beyond the original learning app and bring together its services that will allow it to reach learners of all ages. For example, it has ventured into exam preparation, higher education [[Mooc|MOOCs]], and tuition centers. In addition, it has acquired several additional platforms that offer [[virtual reality]], [[artificial intelligence]], and educational gaming services, most of which occurred in 2021.<ref name="Williamson 157–162"/>

== Funding and financials ==
Byju's received [[Seed money|seed funding]] from Aarin Capital in 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/an-entrepreneur-by-heart-fortis-manipal-deal-makes-ranjan-pai-the-new-king-of-indias-healthcare-industry-2538335.html|title=An entrepreneur at heart, Ranjan Pai is the new king of India's healthcare industry|author=Prince Mathews Thomas|date=29 March 2018|website=[[Moneycontrol.com]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412084323/https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/an-entrepreneur-by-heart-fortis-manipal-deal-makes-ranjan-pai-the-new-king-of-indias-healthcare-industry-2538335.html|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> As of 2019, Byju's had secured nearly $785 million in funding from investors, including [[Sequoia Capital|Sequoia Capital India]], [[Chan Zuckerberg Initiative]] (CZI), [[Tencent]], [[Sofina]], [[Lightspeed Venture Partners]], Qatar Investment Authority,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Forbes India - Byju's Raises $150 Million From Qatar Investment Authority, Owl Ventures |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/special/byjus-raises-$150-million-from-qatar-investment-authority-owl-ventures/54289/1 |access-date=2022-04-30 |website=Forbes India |language=en}}</ref> Verlinvest, [[International Finance Corporation|IFC]], [[Naspers|Naspers Ventures]], [[CPP Investment Board|CPPIB]] and [[General Atlantic]].<ref name="economist" /><ref name="et2018b">{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/edutech-startup-byjus-quietly-turns-a-unicorn-company/articleshow/63293773.cms|title=Here's how edutech startup Byju's quietly turned into a unicorn company|first1=J|last1=Vignesh|first2=Madhav|last2=Chanchani|date=14 March 2018|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180324081409/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/edutech-startup-byjus-quietly-turns-a-unicorn-company/articleshow/63293773.cms|archive-date=24 March 2018|access-date=24 March 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vccircle.com/cppib-general-atlantic-others-back-byju-s-in-mega-funding-round/|title=CPPIB, General Atlantic & others back Byju's in Naspers-led mega funding round|first=Vijayakumar|last=Pitchiah|website=[[VCCircle]]|date=11 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411014655/https://www.vccircle.com/cppib-general-atlantic-others-back-byju-s-in-mega-funding-round/|archive-date=11 April 2019|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref> Byju's was the first company in [[Asia]] to receive an investment from Chan-Zuckerberg Initiative (co-funded by [[Meta Platforms]] co founder, [[chairman]] and [[CEO]] [[Mark Zuckerberg]] and [[Priscilla Chan (philanthropist)|Priscilla Chan]]).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/sep/21/mark-zuckerberg-priscilla-chan-end-disease|title=Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg aim to 'cure, prevent and manage' all disease|author=Olivia Solon|date=22 September 2016|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412091640/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/sep/21/mark-zuckerberg-priscilla-chan-end-disease|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/byjus-raises-50m-co-led-by-chan-zuckerberg-initiative-1473357848|title=Byju's Raises $50M Co-led by Chan Zuckerberg Initiative|date=8 September 2016|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|access-date=4 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021070131/http://www.wsj.com/articles/byjus-raises-50m-co-led-by-chan-zuckerberg-initiative-1473357848|archive-date=21 October 2016|url-status=live}}{{subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.cnbc.com/2016/12/07/how-start-up-byjus-shrugged-off-a-slowdown-and-snagged-cash-from-mark-zuckerberg.html|title= How this start-up shrugged off a slowdown and snagged cash from Mark Zuckerberg|author=Gauri Bhatia|date=8 December 2016|publisher=[[CNBC]]|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180412092620/https://www.cnbc.com/2016/12/07/how-start-up-byjus-shrugged-off-a-slowdown-and-snagged-cash-from-mark-zuckerberg.html|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref> As per the company filings with the [[Ministry of Corporate Affairs]], Byju's became a [[Unicorn (finance)|unicorn]] and was valued at ₹6,505 crore ($1 billion) as of March 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://inc42.com/buzz/the-rise-of-indias-billion-dollar-club-edtech-startup-byjus-turns-unicorn/|title=The Rise Of India's Billion-Dollar Club: Edtech Startup Byju's Turns Unicorn|last=Anupam|first=Suprita|date=14 March 2018|website=inc42.com|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref name="et2018b" /> In June 2020, Byju's attained the ''decacorn'' status with an investment by [[Mary Meeker]]'s Bond Capital.<ref name="TechCrunch 2020">{{cite web | title=Mary Meeker's Bond backs Indian online learning startup Byju's – TechCrunch | website=TechCrunch | date=2020-06-25 | url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2020/06/25/mary-meekers-bond-invests-in-indian-online-learning-giant-byjus/ | access-date=2020-06-26}}</ref> In March 2022 Byju's raised $800 million, reaching a valuation of $22 billion.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Byju's closes $800 million pre-IPO fundraise at a valuation of $22 billion |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/byjus-closes-800-million-pre-ipo-fundraise-at-22-billion-valuation/articleshow/90155310.cms |access-date=2022-06-12}}</ref>

In September 2020, Byju's replaced [[Oppo phones|Oppo]] as the title sponsor of the [[India national cricket team]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=BCCI announces Byju's as Indian cricket team's new sponsor for three-year period |url=https://www.firstpost.com/firstcricket/sports-news/bcci-announces-byjus-as-indian-cricket-teams-new-sponsor-for-three-year-period-7057621.html|access-date=2020-11-07|website=Firstpost|date=25 July 2019 }}</ref> Byju's operates roughly on a premium business model where a paid subscription is required for most of the content.<ref name="ecotimes_201606" /> In 2017, Byju's generated revenues of about ₹260 crore (US$40 million or €33 million) and doubled it in 2018 financial year, earning ₹520 crore.<ref name="fexpress">{{cite web|last=Jose Hector|first=Darlington|date=9 June 2017|title=Byju's on way to turn India's first education based unicorn, CEO [Byju Raveendran] on how he turned it into mammoth online venture|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/byjus-on-way-to-turn-indias-first-education-based-unicorn-ceo-byju-raveendran-on-how-he-turned-it-into-mammoth-online-venture/708927/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324073529/http://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/byjus-on-way-to-turn-indias-first-education-based-unicorn-ceo-byju-raveendran-on-how-he-turned-it-into-mammoth-online-venture/708927/|archive-date=24 March 2018|access-date=4 May 2019|newspaper=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]]}}</ref><ref name="qz2018">{{cite web|url=https://qz.com/1248788/byjus-indias-newest-unicorn-is-going-global-with-its-exam-prep-business/|title=After turning exam prep into a booming business, India's newest unicorn is going global|last=U N|first=Sushma|date=16 April 2018|website=[[Quartz (publication)|Quartz India]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416082817/https://qz.com/1248788/byjus-indias-newest-unicorn-is-going-global-with-its-exam-prep-business/|archive-date=16 April 2018|access-date=4 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/byjus-ups-revenue-to-rs-490-cr-in-fy-18-drops-losses-by-half/articleshow/67474606.cms|title=Byju's ups revenue to Rs 490 cr in FY 18, drops losses by half|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=10 January 2019|access-date=4 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502100745/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/byjus-ups-revenue-to-rs-490-cr-in-fy-18-drops-losses-by-half/articleshow/67474606.cms|archive-date=2 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> In June 2020, with the investment of Bond, a global technology investment firm, Byju's became decacorn at US$10.5 billion valuations.<ref>{{cite news |title=Byju's is now a decacorn with the latest investment from Mary Meeker's BOND |url=https://www.businessinsider.in/business/startups/news/byjus-is-now-a-decacorn-with-the-latest-investment-from-mary-meekers-bond/amp_articleshow/76639112.cms |access-date=28 June 2020 |publisher=Business Insider |date=26 June 2020}}</ref>

In November 2020, Byju's became the title sponsor of the [[Indian Super League]] club [[Kerala Blasters FC]] replacing [[Muthoot Pappachan Group|Muthoot Group]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=കേരള ബ്ലാസ്റ്റേഴ്സിൻെറ ടൈറ്റിൽ സ്പോൺസറായി ബൈജൂസിനെ പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചു|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/byjus-named-as-kerala-blasters-fcs-new-title-sponsor/articleshow/79099984.cms|access-date=2020-11-07|website=malayalam.samayam.com|language=ml}}</ref> In November 2020, Byju's raised US$200 million in a fresh funding round led by [[BlackRock]] and [[T. Rowe Price]] at a valuation of $12 billion.<ref>{{cite news |title=Byju's raises $200 mn in fresh funding; valuation surges to $12 bn |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/byju-s-raises-200-mn-in-fresh-funding-valuation-surges-to-12-bn-120112100876_1.html |access-date=27 March 2021 |work=Business Standard India |date=21 November 2020}}</ref> In March 2021, Byju's secured $460m in a series F funding round.<ref>{{cite news |title=Byju's secured $460M in Series F Funding round|url=https://onlinechurn.com/byjus-secured-460m-in-series-f-funding-round/ |access-date=30 March 2021 |work=Online Churn}}</ref> In April 2021, B Capital, Baron Funds, and XN invested $1 billion in Byju's.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-10/saverin-s-b-capital-others-invest-1-billion-in-india-s-byju-s|title = Saverin's B Capital, Others Invest $1 Billion in India's Byju's|newspaper = Bloomberg.com|date = 10 April 2021}}</ref> In June 2021, Byju's raised $50 million in a Series F round from IIFL's private equity fund and Maitri Edtech.<ref>{{cite news|title=Byju's raises another $50 million led by IIFL|website=the economic times|publisher=etech|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/funding/byjus-raises-50-million-in-series-f-round-led-by-iifl/articleshow/83715676.cms}}</ref> In October 2021, Byju's raised $296 million as a part of its Series F round from Oxshott Venture Fund, [[Edelweiss Group]], Verition Fund Management, XN Exponent Holdings, and MarketX Ventures.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-15|title=Exclusive: Byju's Valuation Touches $21 Bn Post Chan Zuckerberg & Google Founder's Office Investment|url=https://inc42.com/buzz/exclusive-byjus-takes-series-f-round-size-to-363-mn-adds-chan-zuckerberg-as-investor/|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Inc42 Media|language=en-US}}</ref> In March 2022, the company raised $800 million from Byju Raveendran, Sumeru Ventures, Vitruvian Partners, and BlackRock.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Abrar |first=Peerzada |date=2022-03-11 |title=Byju's CEO pumps 50% of $800 mn in latest fundraise; valuation tops $22 bn |work=Business Standard India |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/byju-s-valuation-tops-22-bn-after-800-mn-funding-led-by-founder-122031101188_1.html |access-date=2022-03-24}}</ref>
In March 2022, Byju's was named as one of the official sponsors of the [[2022 FIFA World Cup]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Byju's named official sponsor of FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/byjus-named-official-sponsor-of-fifa-world-cup-qatar-2022/articleshow/90425001.cms |access-date=27 April 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=24 March 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

In 2022 Byjus laid off nearly 4000 people from its team amid funding crunch and road to profitability.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mukhopadhyay |first=Sounak |date=2023-03-22 |title=Thousands have lost jobs in India; these layoff numbers will blow your mind |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/thousands-have-lost-jobs-in-india-these-layoff-numbers-will-blow-your-mind-11679462788841.html |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background:#813588; color:#eeeeef;"|Year
!style="background:#813588; color:#eeeeef;"|Revenue (In crores)
!style="background:#813588; color:#eeeeef;"|Profits/Loss (In crores)
|-
|FY 2018<ref>{{Cite news |title=Byju's ups revenue to Rs 490 cr in FY 18, drops losses by half |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/byjus-ups-revenue-to-rs-490-cr-in-fy-18-drops-losses-by-half/articleshow/67474606.cms |access-date=2022-03-27}}</ref>
|{{Increase}} 490
|{{Decrease}} {{color|red|-29}}
|-
|FY 2019<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Tyagi |first=Gaurav |date=2021-09-03 |title=Byju's consolidated revenue grew 82% in FY20 while losses jump 30X |url=https://entrackr.com/2021/09/byjus-consolidated-revenue-grew-82-in-fy20-while-losses-jump-30x/ |access-date=2022-04-17 |website=Entrackr |language=en-US}}</ref>
|{{Increase}} 1,376
|{{Increase}} {{color|red|-8.82}}
|-
|FY 2020<ref name=":0" />
|{{Increase}} 2,381
|{{Decrease}}{{color|red|-262.1}}
|-
|FY 2021<ref name=FR2021>{{Cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Samidha |last2=Mishra |first2=Digbijay |title=Byju's losses swell to Rs 4,588 crore in delayed FY21 results |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/byjus-readjusts-revenue-for-fy21-to-rs-2280-crore-losses-swell-to-rs-4588-crore/articleshow/94198872.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2022-09-16}}</ref>
|{{Decrease}} 2,280
|{{Decrease}}{{color|red|-4,558}}
|}

== Philanthropy ==
In September 2020, Byju's launched the “Education for All” Initiative for kids from marginalized populations.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 16, 2020|title=Byju's announces social initiative to empower 5 million children by 2025|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/education/byjus-announces-social-initiative-to-empower-5-million-children-by-2025/article32620626.ece|access-date=2022-02-14|website=[[Hindu Business Line]]|language=en}}</ref>

Among the several initiatives launched under Education for All, Byju's Give was launched in November 2020, under which the company collects old or unused smart devices for refurbishing purposes and then loads them up with Byju's content for free and distribute to those children who have no access to the internet.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 20, 2020|title=Byju's launches new initiative to encourage digital learning|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/byjus-launches-new-initiative-to-encourage-digital-learning/articleshow/79323225.cms|access-date=2022-02-14|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref>

== Sports sponsorships ==
In July 2019, Byju's won the sponsorship rights for the [[India national cricket team|Indian cricket team]] jersey.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Byju's to replace Oppo on Team India jersey |work=Business Today |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/oppo-to-be-replaced-by-byjus-on-indian-cricket-team-jersey/article28706334.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725075909/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/oppo-to-be-replaced-by-byjus-on-indian-cricket-team-jersey/article28706334.ece |archive-date=25 July 2019}}</ref>

In November 2020, Byju's replaced the [[Muthoot Pappachan Group|Muthoot Group]] to become the title sponsor of the [[Indian Super League]] club [[Kerala Blasters FC]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=കേരള ബ്ലാസ്റ്റേഴ്സിൻെറ ടൈറ്റിൽ സ്പോൺസറായി ബൈജൂസിനെ പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചു |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/byjus-named-as-kerala-blasters-fcs-new-title-sponsor/articleshow/79099984.cms |access-date=2020-11-07 |website=malayalam.samayam.com |language=ml}}</ref>

In March 2022, Byju's was announced as an official sponsor of the [[2022 FIFA World Cup|FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-24 |title=Byju's named as official sponsor of FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/business/byjus-named-as-official-sponsor-of-fifa-world-cup-qatar-2022-7835066/ |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== Criticism ==

=== Libel suits ===
Byju's was criticized for charging fees that only the rich can afford.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Digitally deprived & divided|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/comment/digitally-deprived-divided-289680|access-date=2021-10-12|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en}}</ref> Former salespeople say the company pushes its products on parents who cannot afford them.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-08-30|title=Hard sells and 'toxic' targets: How Indian edtech giant Byju's fuels its meteoric rise|url=https://restofworld.org/2021/inside-india-edtech-byjus/|access-date=2021-10-12|website=Rest of World|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Chengappa|first=Sangeetha|title=Why Byju's did not meet $150-million net profit target in FY21|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/why-byjus-did-not-meet-150-million-net-profit-target-in-fy21/article34323074.ece|access-date=2021-10-12|website=@businessline|date=15 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Byju's filed a {{currency|20|INR}} crore ({{crore|20}}) defamation suit against critic Pradeep Poonia. They later withdrew the lawsuit.<ref>{{Cite web|title=WhiteHat Jr drops Rs 20 cr defamation suit against critic Pradeep Poonia|url=https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/corporate/story/whitehat-jr-drops-rs-20-cr-defamation-suit-against-critic-pradeep-poonia-294974-2021-05-04|access-date=2021-10-12|website=Business Today|date=4 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=IIT engineer says corporates not above freedom of speech after WhiteHat Jr withdraws defamation case against him|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/business/iit-engineer-says-corporates-not-above-freedom-of-speech-after-whitehat-jr-withdraws-defamation-case-against-him|access-date=2021-10-12|website=Free Press Journal|language=en}}</ref>

=== Advertising and sales practices ===
Byju's subsidiary WhiteHat Jr. was asked to remove their five TV advertisements by the [[Advertising Standards Council of India]] (ASCI) due to misleading advertisements<ref>{{Cite news|date=28 October 2020|title=Byju's WhiteHat Jr. agrees to withdraw ads after ASCI flags code violation|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/advertising/whitehat-jr-to-withdraw-ads-after-asci-flags-code-violation/articleshow/78899934.cms?from=mdr|access-date=2 November 2020|website=Economic Times|last1=Bhushan|first1=Ratna}}</ref> and hard sales tactics.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Chen |first1=Benjamin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wagvEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Byju%27s%22&pg=PT173 |title=Youth Economist Compilation: For the youth by the youths |last2=Garcia |first2=David Cendon |last3=Caldas |first3=Amy Espinoza |last4=Andrade |first4=Beatriz |last5=Nicholas |first5=Kayla |last6=Dhesi |first6=Kiman |last7=Costa |first7=Luciana |last8=Huemer |first8=Sarah |last9=Shekhawat |first9=Vaidaansh |date=2021-05-23 |publisher=Benjamin Chen |isbn=979-8-5056-5091-2 |language=en}}</ref> WhiteHat Jr. claimed that a child named "Wolf Gupta" bagged job offers worth crores in multiple social media advertisements. This child was often described to be between the ages of 6 and 14 years. Investigations later revealed that this was all fabricated and Mr. "Gupta" is a work of fiction.<ref>{{Cite web|date=12 October 2020|title=Who Is Wolf Gupta? Byju's WhiteHat Jr Latest Marketing Gimmick Is Making Netizens Furious, Here's What We Know So Far About the 'Fictitious' Kid Apparently Working As AI Researcher at Google|url=https://in.news.yahoo.com/wolf-gupta-byju-whitehat-jr-090945630.html|access-date=2 November 2020|website=Yahoo News}}</ref>

The company had filed a {{INRConvert|20000000|year=2020}} defamation suit against Pradeep Poonia in November 2020, a software engineer, who alleged that the company made false claims and hired incompetent teachers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-06 |title=WhiteHat Jr withdraws defamation case against software engineer |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/business/companies/whitehat-jr-withdraws-defamation-case-against-software-engineer-7303550/ |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> It was later withdrawn.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WhiteHat Jr drops Rs 20 cr defamation suit against critic Pradeep Poonia |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/corporate/story/whitehat-jr-drops-rs-20-cr-defamation-suit-against-critic-pradeep-poonia-294974-2021-05-04 |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=Business Today |date=4 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref> It has also been the subject of a data leak, where the personal information of over 200,000 users was exposed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WhiteHat Jr Data Exposed Data Due to Multiple Vulnerabilities: Report |url=https://gadgets360.com/apps/news/whitehat-jr-vulnerabilities-security-issues-exposing-2-8-lakh-student-teacher-data-2329924 |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=NDTV Gadgets 360 |date=25 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution|Department of Consumer Affairs]] voiced concerns on June 24, 2022, at India Edtech Consortium (IEC) meeting regarding aggressive sales practices and deceptive marketing strategies utilized by EdTech companies, particularly Byju's and the entities that make up its group. DCA advised Byju's to work closely with the ASCI based on the complaints against it.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mishra |first=Digbijay |title=Government airs concerns over complaints against edtech companies |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/government-airs-concerns-over-complaints-against-edtech-companies/articleshow/92883976.cms |access-date=2022-07-19}}</ref> According to the reports, Byju's team has pledged to resolve these grievances with a detailed action plan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-15 |title=Govt Expresses Concern Over Alleged Malpractices By BYJU's, Other Edtech Companies |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/business/edtech-startups-in-india-govt-expresses-concern-over-alleged-malpractices-by-byju-s-other-edtech-companies-edtech-startup-funding-news-209376 |access-date=2022-07-19 |website=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook India]] |language=en}}</ref>

=== Accounting practices ===
Previously, BYJU's used a different revenue recognition practice, which they had to change and obtain approval in accordance with [[Indian Accounting Standards]] (Ind-AS) 115 guidelines. For example, revenue expected in one fiscal year for a multi-year charge cannot be considered as revenue in that year alone. This discrepancy was eventually flagged by the auditor and a change was sought by the latter.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Mishra |first1=Digbijay |last2=Sharma |first2=Samidha |title=Byju's audited revenue may be lower than projected by edtech unicorn |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/startups/byjus-final-audited-accounts-may-lower-revenue-numbers/articleshow/94159952.cms |access-date=2022-10-09}}</ref> As of September 2022, BYJU's began recognising streaming revenue across the term of usage, which was previously recognised fully upon the start of the contract. These new accounting standards have resulted in a reduction in the amount of income that Byju's is able to book in advance.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last1=Cornish |first1=Chloe |last2=Singh |first2=Jyotsna |last3=Ruehl |first3=Mercedes |date=2022-10-03 |title=How a teaching app feted by Silicon Valley was left chasing the Indian dream |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=https://www.ft.com/content/8d998d44-3937-4931-8ee1-f963f6a8b253 |access-date=2022-10-08}}</ref>

Also, in the past, BYJU's used its funding capital to acquire both domestic and overseas businesses and group them under its brand. And, lately investors voiced scepticism regarding this very plan to rapidly deploy capital in order to grow internationally.<ref name=":1" />

=== Crime allegations ===
In April, Indian authorities conducted a raid on the Bengaluru office of the firm, suspecting violations of foreign exchange laws. Despite denying any wrongdoing, the company assured its employees of full compliance with the laws. In May, the company faced a lawsuit from lenders in a US court, alleging defaults on payments and breaches of the loan agreement, including significant delays in releasing financial statements. Byju's denied the accusations of fund diversion through its US-based subsidiary, Alpha. In June, following the alleged non-payment of an interest installment of nearly $40 million, Byju's counter sued the lenders for harassment and initiated a new round of layoffs, resulting in the termination of around a thousand employees. The company faced further challenges as its auditors, [[Deloitte, Haskins and Sells|Deloitte Haskins and Sells]], resigned citing the delayed submission of financial statements, hindering their ability to assess the company's accounts. Subsequently, three board members resigned, leaving CEO Byju Raveendran, his wife Divya Gokulnath, and brother Riju Raveendran as the remaining members on the board.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-07-10 |title=Byju's: The unravelling of India's most valued start-up |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-66126095 |access-date=2023-07-10}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Course Hero]]
* [[Doubtnut]]
* [[Khan Academy]]
* [[Vedantu]]

== References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|https://byjus.com}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Byju's}}
[[Category:Byju's]]
[[Category:Indian educational websites]]
[[Category:Educational websites]]
[[Category:Educational technology companies]]
[[Category:Education companies of India]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 2011]]
[[Category:2011 establishments in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Online K–12 schools]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 2011]]
[[Category:Online tutoring]]
[[Category:IOS software]]
[[Category:Virtual learning environments]]
[[Category:Distance education institutions based in India]]
[[Category:Multinational companies headquartered in India]]

Sulkhanpur

2023-09-06T22:46:33Z

Socialibnacc: Added format.

{{Short description|Village in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Use Indian English}}
{{distinguish|Sultanpur}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Sulkhanpur
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|27.28906|N|79.16284|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mainpuri district|Mainpuri]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Tehsil]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Bhongaon]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011 A"/>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 1.608
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 2326
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011 A"/>
| demographics_type1 =
| demographics1_title1 =
| demographics1_info1 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Sulkhanpur''' ([[Devanagari]]: सुलखनपुर {{IAST|Sulkhanpur}}) is a village in [[Sultanganj, Mainpuri|Sultanganj]] block of [[Mainpuri district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]. As of 2011, it has a population of 2,326, in 414 households.

== Demographics ==
As of 2011, Sulkhanpur had a population of 2,326, in 414 households.<ref name="Census 2011 A"/>{{rp|167}} This population was 52.0% male (1,210) and 48.0% female (1,116). The 0-6 age group numbered 424 (217 male and 207 female), or 18.2% of the total population. 425 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 18.3% of the total.<ref name="Census 2011 B">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Mainpuri, Part B (Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1259/download/4050/DH_2011_0917_PART_B_DCHB_MAINPURI.pdf |website=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|124-5}}

The [[1981 Census of India|1981 census]] recorded Sulkhanpur as having a population of 1,224.<ref name="Census 1981">{{cite book |title=Census 1981 Uttar Pradesh: District Census Handbook Part XIII-A: Village & Town Directory, District Mainpuri |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/29484/download/32665/28516_1981_MAI.pdf |access-date=25 July 2023}}</ref>{{rp|166-7}}

The [[1961 Census of India|1961 census]] recorded Sulkhanpur as comprising 2 hamlets, with a total population of 846 people (462 male and 384 female), in 147 households and 116 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 395 acres.<ref name="Census 1961">{{cite book |title=Census 1961: District Census Handbook, Uttar Pradesh (24 - Mainpuri District) |location=Lucknow |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/28772/download/31954/22833_1961_MAI.pdf |access-date=25 December 2021}}</ref>{{rp|xcii}}

== Infrastructure ==
As of 2011, Sulkhanpur had 2 primary schools; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village had a post office but no public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both ''[[Indian vernacular architecture#kachcha|kachcha]]'' and ''[[Indian vernacular architecture#pucca|pakka]]'' materials.<ref name="Census 2011 A">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Mainpuri, Part A (Village and Town Directory) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1258/download/4046/DH_2011_0917_PART_A_DCHB_MAINPURI.pdf |website=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|167-72}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mainpuri district}}

[[Category:Villages in Mainpuri district]]

Swimming Federation of India

2023-08-05T08:48:24Z

Socialibnacc: /* top */1932-33 → 1932–33

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox sport governing body
|name = Swimming Federation of India
|abbrev = SFI
|logo = Swimming Federation of India logo.jpg
|logosize =
|sport = [[Aquatic sports]]
|category = [[Swimming (sport)|Swimming]], [[masters swimming]], [[Synchronised swimming|synchronized swimming]], [[Diving (sport)|diving]], [[high diving]], and [[water polo]]
|image =
|caption =
|jurisdiction = National
|membership = 30 State/UT associations<ref>{{cite web |title=Units of SFI |url=http://swimming.org.in/units-of-sfi/ |website=Swimming Federation of India |access-date=20 July 2018}}</ref>
|founded = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1948}}
|aff = [[FINA]]
|affdate = 1932-33{{efn|Affiliation received by the National Swimming Association (NSA), the SFI's predecessor.}}
|region = [[Asia Swimming Federation]]
|regionyear =
|headquarters = 11/A Vithalbhai Patel Colony, [[Navrangpura]], [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Contact Us |url=http://swimming.org.in/contact-us-2/ |website=Swimming Federation of India |access-date=20 July 2018}}</ref>
|president = R N Jayprakash
|chiefexec = Virendra Nanavati
|secretary = Chokshi Monal<ref>{{cite web |title=Office Bearers of SFI |url=http://swimming.org.in/sfi/office-bearers-of-sfi/ |website=Swimming Federation of India |access-date=20 July 2018}}</ref>
|coach =
|womenscoach =
|key staff =
|operating income =
|sponsor =
|replaced = {{ubl|National Swimming Association|Indian Swimming Federation}}
|prevfounded =
|url = http://swimming.org.in
|countryflag = IND
|more =
}}
The '''Swimming Federation of India (SFI)''' is the national governing body for [[aquatic sports]] in India. Legally, it is a [[Nonprofit organization|non-profit association]] registered under the ''West Bengal Societies Registration Act, 1861''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Registration Certificate – |url=http://swimming.org.in/2017/12/22/registration-certificate/ |website=Swimming Federation of India |access-date=20 July 2018}}</ref> The federation holds elections for its office bearers every four years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://swimming.org.in/sfi/|title=About SFI|website=Swimming Federation of India|access-date=20 July 2018}}</ref> The SFI currently oversees competition in the sports of [[Swimming (sport)|swimming]], [[masters swimming]], [[Synchronised swimming|synchronized swimming]], [[Diving (sport)|diving]], [[high diving]], and [[water polo]]. It is affiliated to [[FINA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fina.org/national-federations/IND|title=National Federations|website=FINA|language=en|access-date=20 July 2018}}</ref> and the [[Asia Swimming Federation]] (AASF).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://asiaswimmingfederation.org/about_nat_fed_desc.php?fed=12|title=National Federations|website=Asia Swimming Federation|access-date=20 July 2018}}</ref>

The SFI was formed by the merger of the National Swimming Association (NSA) and the Indian Swimming Federation (ISF) in 1948. Prior to the merger, the NSA and ISF had been engaged in disputes. While the Calcutta-based NSA received affiliation from FINA in 1932–33, the ISF had the support of the [[Indian Olympic Association]]. The [[Union Government]] intervened to resolve the dispute by merging the two entities to form the SFI.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swimming Federation of India - SFI - Indian Swimming Federation |url=http://www.iloveindia.com/sports/swimming/sfi.html |website=www.iloveindia.com |access-date=20 July 2018 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Sharma |first1=V. K. |title=Physical Education Class 12 |publisher=Saraswati House Pvt Ltd |isbn=9789350419212 |page=89 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-hNADAAAQBAJ&q=Indian+Swimming+Federation+%221948%22&pg=PA89 |access-date=20 July 2018 |language=en}}</ref>

In July 2017, FINA presented a certificate to SFI CEO Virendra Nanavati during the 17th FINA World Championship in honour of his services to the discipline.<ref>{{cite web |title=FINA honours Indian swimming federation CEO |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/fina-honours-indian-swimming-federation-ceo-117072300547_1.html |website=Business Standard India |access-date=20 July 2018 |date=23 July 2017}}</ref>

==Total medals won by Indian Swimmers in Major tournaments==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Competition
! Gold
! Silver
! Bronze
! Total
|-
|[[Swimming at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]
|1
|2
|6
|9
|-
|[[Swimming at the Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]]
|0
|0
|1
|1
|-
| Total || '''1''' || '''2''' || '''7''' || '''10'''
|-
|}

==Total medals won by Indian Divers in Major tournaments==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Competition
! Gold
! Silver
! Bronze
! Total
|-
|[[Diving at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]
|2
|1
|2
|5
|-
| Total || '''2''' || '''1''' || '''2''' || '''5'''
|-
|}

==Total medals won by Indian Water Polo Team in Major tournaments==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
! Competition
! Gold
! Silver
! Bronze
! Total
|-
|[[Water polo at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]
|1
|1
|1
|3
|-
| Total || '''1''' || '''1''' || '''1''' || 3
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of Indian records in swimming]]
*[[Water polo in India]]
*[[India men's national water polo team]]
*[[Arati Saha]]
*[[Mihir Sen]]
*[[Sachin Nag]]
*[[Brojen Das]]
*[[Shamsher Khan]]
*[[Bula Choudhury]]
*[[Virdhawal Khade]]
*[[Srihari Nataraj]]
*[[Sajan Prakash]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{National Members of FINA}}
{{Sports governing bodies in India}}

[[Category:Sports organizations established in 1948]]
[[Category:1948 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Swimming in India]]
[[Category:Sports governing bodies in India|Swimming]]
[[Category:Swimming organizations|India]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Ahmedabad]]

{{india-sport-stub}}

East Zone cricket team

2023-07-28T11:16:03Z

Socialibnacc: /* Current squad */

{{for multi|the [[Pakistan]]i team|East Zone cricket team (Pakistan)|the [[Bangladesh]]i team|East Zone cricket team (Bangladesh)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
The '''East Zone cricket team''' is a [[first class cricket|first-class]] [[cricket]] team that represents eastern [[India]] in the [[Duleep Trophy]] and [[Deodhar Trophy]]. It is a composite team of six first-class Indian teams from eastern India competing in the [[Ranji Trophy]]: [[Assam cricket team|Assam]], [[Bihar cricket team|Bihar]], [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal (West Bengal)]], [[Jharkhand cricket team|Jharkhand]], [[Odisha cricket team|Odisha]] and [[Tripura cricket team|Tripura]].

East Zone has won the Duleep Trophy twice in the 2011/12 and 2012/13 seasons, as well as the Deodhar Trophy four times in the 1992/93, 1993/94, 1996/97 and 2003/04 seasons.

==Current squad==

Players with international caps are listed in '''bold'''. ''Updated as on 26 Jul 2023''

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
|-
! Name
! Domestic team
! Birth date
! Batting Style
! Bowling Style
! Format
! Notes
|-
! colspan="7" | Batters
|-
|| [[Anustup Majumdar]] || Bengal || {{Birth date and age|1984|4|30|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[leg break]] || First-class ||
|-
|| [[Sudip Gharami]] || Bengal || {{Birth date and age|1999|3|21|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[off break]] || First-class & List A ||
|-
|| [[Shantanu Mishra]] || Odisha || {{Birth date and age|1994|5|30|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[off break]] || First-class ||
|-
|| [[Abhimanyu Easwaran]] || Bengal || {{Birth date and age|1995|9|6|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[leg break]] || First-class & List A || Vice-captain
|-
|| '''[[Saurabh Tiwary]]''' || Jharkhand || {{Birth date and age|1989|12|30|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right arm [[off break]] || List A || Captain
|-
|| [[Virat Singh]] || Jharkhand || {{Birth date and age|1997|12|8|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right arm [[off break]] || List A ||
|-
|| [[Subhranshu Senapati]] || Odisha || {{Birth date and age|1996|12|30|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] || List A ||
|-
|| [[Rishav Das]] || Assam || {{Birth date and age|1989|12|16|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[off break]] || List A ||
|-
! colspan="7" | All-rounders
|-
|| '''[[Shahbaz Ahmed (cricketer)|Shahbaz Ahmed]]''' || Bengal || {{Birth date and age|1994|12|11|df=y}} || Left-handed || [[Slow left-arm orthodox]] || First-class & List A ||
|-
|| [[Riyan Parag]] || Assam || {{Birth date and age|2001|11|10|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[leg break]] || First-class & List A ||
|-
|| [[Anukul Roy]] || Jharkhand || {{Birth date and age|1998|11|30|df=y}} || Left-handed || [[Slow left-arm orthodox]] || First-class ||
|-
|| [[Utkarsh Singh]] || Jharkhand || {{Birth date and age|1998|5|7|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right arm [[off break]] || List A ||
|-
! colspan="7" | Wicket-keepers
|-
|| Abishek Porel || Bengal || {{Birth date and age|2002|10|17|df=y}} || Left-handed || - || First-class & List A ||
|-
|| [[Kumar Kushagra]] || Jharkhand || {{Birth date and age|2004|10|23|df=y}} || Right-handed || - || First-class & List A ||
|-
|| Bipin Saurabh || Bihar || {{Birth date and age|1999|11|20|df=y}} || Right-handed || - || First-class ||
|-
! colspan="7" | Spin Bowler
|-
|| '''[[Shahbaz Nadeem]]''' || Jharkhand || {{Birth date and age|1989|8|12|df=y}} || Right-handed || [[Slow left-arm orthodox]] || First-class ||
|-
|| [[Avinov Choudhury]] || Assam || {{Birth date and age|1999|12|1|df=y}} || Right-handed || [[Slow left-arm orthodox]] || List A ||
|-
! colspan="7" | Pace Bowlers
|-
|| [[Manisankar Murasingh]] || Tripura || {{Birth date and age|1993|1|1|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] || First-class & List A ||
|-
|| [[Ishan Porel]] || Bengal || {{Birth date and age|1998|9|5|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] || First-class ||
|-
|| [[Akash Deep]] || Bengal || {{Birth date and age|1996|12|15|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] || First-class & List A ||
|-
|| [[Suryakant Pradhan]] || Odisha || {{Birth date and age|1993|9|30|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] || First-class ||
|-
|| [[Mukhtar Hussain]] || Assam || {{Birth date and age|1999|1|11|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] || List A ||
|-
|| [[Abhijeet Saket]] || Bihar|| {{Birth date and age|1995|8|3|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] || List A ||
|}

==Famous players from East Zone==
{{main|List of East Zone cricketers}}
*[[Pankaj Roy]]
*[[Sourav Ganguly]]
*[[Arun Lal]]
*[[Wriddhiman Saha]]
*[[Mahendra Singh Dhoni]]
*[[Deep Dasgupta]]
*[[Rohan Gavaskar]]
*[[Devang Gandhi]]
*[[Debasis Mohanty]]
*[[Shiv Sunder Das]]
*[[Saurabh Tiwary]]
*[[Manoj Tiwary (cricketer)|Manoj Tiwary]]
*[[Ashok Dinda]]
*[[Mohammed Shami]]

==External links==
* [https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Teams/0/671/671.html East Zone] at CricketArchive

{{Cricket in India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:East Zone Cricket Team}}
[[Category:Indian first-class cricket teams]]

{{India-cricket-team-stub}}

Preethi Hangama

2023-07-18T22:03:05Z

Socialibnacc: Just completed a fresh chapter.

{{Infobox film
| name = Preethi Hangama
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name = 
| director = Vivek Raj
| writer = '''Dialogue:''' R Rajashekhar M S Ramesh
| screenplay = Vivek Raj
| story = Vivek Raj
| based_on = 
| producer = Pushpa Eknath Rashmi Eknath
| starring = Vivek Raj [[Shubha Poonja]]
| narrator =
| cinematography = Chandrasekhar
| editing = Vinod Manohar
| music = Raj Kiran
| studio = 
| distributor = 
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2010|8|27}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Kannada
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Preethi Hangama''''' ({{translation|Love season}}) is a 2010 Indian Kannada-language romantic drama film directed by Vivek Raj and starring himself and [[Shubha Poonja]]. The film's story is based off ''[[How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days]]'' (2003).<ref name="D">{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/92032/preethi-hungama.html|title= Preethi Hangama|last=Srivani|first=B. S.|work=[[Deccan Herald]]}}</ref>

== Cast ==
*Vivek Raj as Raj
*[[Shubha Poonja]] as Geetha
*[[Anant Nag]] as Raj's father
*[[Avinash]] as Geetha's boss
*[[Urvashi]]
*[[Padmaja Rao]]
*Malathi Sardeshpande

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by debutante Raj Kiran.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/ca/album/preethi-hungama-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1161650170|title=Preethi Hangama (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)|work=[[Apple Music]]}}</ref> The lyrics were written by [[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]]. The audio function was held on 9 April 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/preethi-hangama-audio-released--news-56060|title=''Preethi Hangama'' audio released|work=Indiaglitz}}</ref>

{{Infobox album
| name = Preethi Hangama
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = Raj Kiran
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 2010
| recorded = 2010
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 25:24
| language = Kannada
| label =
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
| misc =
}}

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Himse Himse
| extra1 = [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
| length1 = 4:02
| title2 = Surivaaga
| extra2 = Naresh Iyengar
| length2 = 4:33
| title3 = Moda Modalu
| extra3 = Karthik, [[Nanditha (singer)|Nanditha]]
| length3 = 3:57
| title4 = Chellu Chelluva
| extra4 = [[Tippu (singer)|Tippu]], Inchara
| length4 = 4:03
| title5 = Manasu Manasugalige
| extra5 = [[Rajesh Krishnan]]
| length5 = 4:44
| title6 = Nanu Nanna Kanasu
| extra6 = Arya, Nanditha
| length6 = 4:05
| total_length=25:24
}}

== Reception ==
A critic from ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the film {{fraction|2|1|2}} out of 5 stars and wrote that "Vivek Raj, who doubles as director and hero in his maiden venture, has selected a good story but fails to impress with poor script and amateurish narration".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/preethi-hangama/movie-review/6473173.cms|title=PREETHI HANGAMA MOVIE REVIEW|work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Rediff.com]]'' gave the film a rating of one out of five stars and wrote that "In a nutshell, this 'hangama' is best avoided".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/south-kannada-review-preeti-hangama/20100827.htm|title=This Preeti Hangama is best avoided|work=[[Rediff.com]]|last=Lakshminarayana|first=Shruti Indira}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Deccan Herald]]'' wrote that "Vivek would do better to enroll in a film school. Time the film chamber acted on it’s promise requiring newbies to be trained before setting them loose among the unsuspecting audience".<ref name="D"/> V. S. Rajapur of ''[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]'' gave the film a rating of 1 out of 5 stars and wrote that "Give ''Preethi Hangama'' a miss".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaforums.com/article/give-preethi-hangama-a-miss-kannada-movie-review_20206|title=Give 'Preethi Hangama' a miss (Kannada Movie Review)|work=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]|via=India Forums|last=Rajapur|first=V. S.}}</ref> A critic from ''Indiaglitz'' gave the film a rating of 6 out of 10 stars and wrote that "Compared to various inconsequential films of today Vivek Raj's film ''Preethiya Hangama'' is fair. The screenplay tautness should have been there and no point in explaining what the characters are up to".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/preethi-hangama-review-malayalam-movie-12257|title=Preethi Hangama Review|work=Indiaglitz}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|13690948}}

[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]

Assam women's cricket team

2023-07-04T01:15:46Z

Socialibnacc: /* Current squad */

{{short description|Indian women's cricket team}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox cricket team
| name = Assam Women
| image =
| captain = Nirupama Baro
| founded = Unknown{{-}}''First recorded match: 1979''
| ground = [[Assam Cricket Association Stadium, Guwahati|Assam Cricket Association Stadium]]
| owner = [[Assam Cricket Association]]
| title1 = [[Women's Senior One Day Trophy|WSODT]]
| title1wins = 0
| title2 = [[Women's Senior T20 Trophy|WSTT]]
| title2wins = 0
| website = [http://www.assamcricket.com/ Assam Cricket]
}}

The '''Assam women's cricket team''' is a women's [[cricket]] team that represents the [[India]]n state of [[Assam]]. The team competes in the [[Women's Senior One Day Trophy]] and the [[Women's Senior T20 Trophy]].<ref name="CAprof">{{cite web|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Teams/4/4726/4726.html|title=Assam Women |publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=15 January 2022}}</ref>

==Current squad==
{{Update|Current Squad|date=January 2022}}
* Priyanka Boruah
* Gayatri Gurung
* Hiramoni Saikia
* Papori Gogoi
* Monikha Das
* Uma Chetry (wk)
* Sapna Choudhary (wk)
* Ruhina Pegu
* Genevie Pando
* Anamika Bori
* Rashmi Dey
* Mousumi Narah
* Nibedita Baruah
* [[Jintimani Kalita]]
* Rekharani Bora
* Maina Narah

==See also==
* [[Assam cricket team]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Cricket in India}}
{{Women's Inter State Cricket in India}}

[[Category:Cricket in Assam]]
[[Category:Women's cricket teams in India]]

{{India-cricket-team-stub}}

The Wall Street Journal

2022-09-07T04:28:06Z

Socialibnacc: Just completed a comprehensive guide.

{{short description|American business-focused daily newspaper}}
{{redirect|WSJ}}
{{Cleanup|reason=Promotional additions}}
{{Use mdy dates}}
{{Infobox newspaper
| name = The Wall Street Journal
| logo = WSJ Logo.svg
| logo_size =
| logo_border =
| logo_alt =
| image =
| image_size = 250px
| image_border =
| image_alt = border
| caption =
| type = [[Daily newspaper]]
| format = [[Broadsheet]]
| foundation = {{start date and age|1889|7|8|mf=y|br=y}}
| founders = {{ubl|[[Charles Dow]]|[[Edward Jones (statistician)|Edward Jones]]|[[Charles Bergstresser]]}}
| owners = [[News Corp]] (via [[Dow Jones & Company]])
| chiefeditor = [[Emma Tucker]]
| depeditor = {{ubl|Jason Anders|Neal Lipschutz}}
| maneditor = Liz Harris
| opeditor = [[Paul A. Gigot]]
| publisher = [[Almar Latour]]
| language = [[English language|English]]
| headquarters = {{ubl|[[1211 Avenue of the Americas]]|[[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]] 10036, U.S.}}
| publishing_country = United States
| circulation = {{bulleted list|
3,749,000 news subscribers
* 3,095,000 digital-only
* 654,000 print
}}
| circulation_date = June 2022
| circulation_ref = <ref name="circ-aug19">{{cite web |title=News Corporation 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K |publisher=[[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]] |url=https://investors.newscorp.com/static-files/8c153e10-28ca-48c4-80d0-60e57c7a1c0b |url-status=live |access-date=June 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624205031/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1564708/000119312519219463/d741099d10k.htm |archive-date=May 23, 2023}}</ref>
| ISSN = 0099-9660
| eissn = 1042-9840
| oclc = 781541372
| website = {{URL|https://www.wsj.com/}}
}}

'''''The Wall Street Journal''''' is an American business and economic-focused international daily newspaper based in New York City.<ref>{{cite web |title=Business & Finance News |url=https://www.wsj.com/news/business |access-date=October 1, 2020 |website=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref> The ''Journal'' is published six days a week by [[Dow Jones & Company]], a division of [[News Corp]]. The newspaper is published in [[broadsheet]] format and online. The ''Journal'' has been printed continuously since its inception on July 8, 1889,<ref>{{cite press release |type=Press release |title=The Wall Street Journal Strengthens Its International Editions; Repositions To Better Serve Global Business Leaders and Advertisers |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20050508005015/en/The-Wall-Street-Journal-Strengthens-Its-International-Editions-Repositions-To-Better-Serve-Global-Business-Leaders-and-Advertisers |website=[[Business Wire]] |access-date=September 29, 2020}}</ref> and is regarded as a [[newspaper of record]], particularly in terms of business and financial news.<ref>{{citation |last=Caulfield |first=Mike |title=National Newspapers of Record |url=https://webliteracy.pressbooks.com/chapter/national-newspapers-of-record/ |work=Web Literacy for Student Fact-Checkers |publisher=Self-published |access-date=September 13, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Doctor |first=Ken |title=On The Washington Post and the 'newspaper of record' epithet |url=http://politi.co/1Pxmksh |access-date=September 13, 2020 |website=POLITICO Media }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Library |first=Gelman |title=Research Guides: Newspaper Research: Current Newspapers |url=https://libguides.gwu.edu/c.php?g=258674&p=1727877 |access-date=September 13, 2020 |website=libguides.gwu.edu}}</ref> The newspaper has won 39 [[Pulitzer Prize]]s, the most recent in 2023.<ref>{{webarchive |title=dowjones.com: ''The Wall Street Journal'' |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209052436/https://www.dowjones.com/products/wsj/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pulitzer.org/prize-winners-by-category/209 |title=National Reporting |website=The Pulitzer Prizes |access-date=August 3, 2022 |quote=2019 – Staff of The Wall Street Journal: For uncovering President Trump's secret payoffs to two women during his campaign who claimed to have had affairs with him, and the web of supporters who facilitated the transactions, triggering criminal inquiries and calls for impeachment.}}</ref><ref>Pulitzer.org: [https://www.pulitzer.org/prize-winners-by-year/2023 ''2023 Pulitzer Prizes'']. Retrieved May 9, 2023</ref>

''The Wall Street Journal'' is the [[List of newspapers in the United States|second-largest newspaper in the United States]] by circulation, with a [[print circulation]] of around 654,000 and 3 million digital subscribers as of 2022.<ref name="circ-aug19"/> The ''Journal'' publishes the luxury news and [[lifestyle magazine]] ''[[WSJ.|WSJ]]'', which was originally launched as a quarterly but expanded to 12 [[Issue (periodicals)|issues]] in 2014. An online version was launched in 1995, which has been accessible only to subscribers since it began.<ref>{{cite web |title=WSJ.com |url=https://www.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/info-wsjlookback06.html |access-date=2022-08-31 |website=www.wsj.com}}</ref> The [[Editorial Board at The Wall Street Journal|editorial pages of the ''Journal'']] are typically [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative]] in their positions.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ember |first=Sydney |title=Wall Street Journal Editorial Harshly Rebukes Trump |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/22/business/media/wall-street-journal-editorial-trump.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322202247/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/22/business/media/wall-street-journal-editorial-trump.html |archive-date=2017-03-22 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |newspaper=The New York Times }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/424877-wall-street-journal-editorial-conservatives-could-live-to-regret-trump |title=Wall Street Journal editorial: Conservatives 'could live to regret' Trump emergency declaration |first=John |last=Bowden |website=The Hill}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Pete |last=Vernon |url=https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/wsj_trump_editorial_opinion.php |title=Unpacking WSJ's 'watershed' Trump editorial |website=[[Columbia Journalism Review]] |issn=0010-194X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170621040535/https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/wsj_trump_editorial_opinion.php |archive-date=June 21, 2017}}</ref>

==History==
{{Recentism}}

===Founding and 19th century===
[[File:The Wall Street Journal first issue.jpg|thumb|upright=1|Front page of the first issue of ''The Wall Street Journal'' on July 8, 1889]]
[[File:President Reagan's Interview with the Wall Street Journal in the Oval Office on February 7, 1985.webm|thumb|upright=1|U.S. President [[Ronald Reagan]] interviewed by the ''The Wall Journal'' in the [[Oval Office]] in February 1985]]
[[File:Vladimir Putin 11 February 2002-1.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Vladimir Putin]] with ''Wall Street Journal'' correspondent [[Karen Elliott House]] in 2002]]
The first products of [[Dow Jones & Company]], the publisher of the ''Journal'', were brief news bulletins, nicknamed ''flimsies'', hand-delivered throughout the day to traders at the [[stock exchange]] in the early 1880s. They were later aggregated in a printed daily summary called the ''Customers' Afternoon Letter''. Reporters [[Charles Dow]], [[Edward Jones (statistician)|Edward Jones]], and [[Charles Bergstresser]] converted this into ''The Wall Street Journal'', which was published for the first time on July 8, 1889, and began delivery of the Dow Jones & Company News Service via telegraph.<ref>Dow Jones & Co. Inc., [http://www.dowjones.com/TheCompany/History/History.htm "Dow Jones History – The Late 1800s"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060807214105/http://www.dowjones.com/TheCompany/History/History.htm }}, Retrieved July 25, 2013.</ref>

In 1896, the [[Dow Jones Industrial Average]] was launched. It was the first of several indices of stock and bond prices on the [[New York Stock Exchange]]. In 1899, the ''Journal''{{'s}} Review & Outlook column, which still runs today, appeared for the first time, initially written by Charles Dow.

===20th century===
Journalist [[Clarence Barron]] purchased control of the company for US$130,000 in 1902 ({{Inflation|US|130000|1902|fmt=eq}}); circulation was then around 7,000 but climbed to 50,000 by the end of the 1920s. Barron and his predecessors were credited with creating an atmosphere of fearless, independent financial reporting—a novelty in the early days of [[business journalism]]. In 1921, ''[[Barron's (newspaper)|Barron's]]'', the United States's premier financial weekly, was founded.<ref name="Crossen">Crossen, Cynthia. "[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118591182345183718.html It All Began in the Basement of a Candy Store] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081007033228/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118591182345183718.html }}", ''The Wall Street Journal'' (New York), p. B1, August 1, 2007.</ref> Barron died in 1928, a year before [[Wall Street Crash of 1929|Black Tuesday]], the stock market crash that greatly affected the [[Great Depression in the United States]]. Barron's descendants, the [[Bancroft family]], would continue to control the company until 2007.<ref name="Crossen"/>

The ''Journal'' took its modern shape and prominence in the 1940s, a time of industrial expansion for the United States and its financial institutions in New York. [[Bernard Kilgore]] was named managing editor of the paper in 1941, and company CEO in 1945, eventually compiling a 25-year career as the head of the ''Journal''. Kilgore was the architect of the paper's iconic front-page design, with its "What's News" digest, and its national distribution strategy, which brought the paper's circulation from 33,000 in 1941 to 1.1{{nbsp}}million when Kilgore died in 1967. Under Kilgore, in [[1947 Pulitzer Prize|1947]], the paper won its first [[Pulitzer Prize]] for William Henry Grimes's [[Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing|editorials]].<ref name="Crossen"/>

In 1967, Dow Jones Newswires began a major expansion outside of the United States ultimately placing its journalists in every major financial center in [[Europe]], [[Asia]], [[Latin America]], [[Australia]], and [[Africa]]. In 1970, Dow Jones bought the Ottaway newspaper chain, which at the time comprised nine dailies and three Sunday newspapers. Later, the name was changed to [[Local Media Group|Dow Jones Local Media Group]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dowjoneslmg.com/|title=Dow Jones Local Media Group, Inc.|publisher=Local Media Group}}</ref>

The period from 1971 to 1997 brought about a series of launches, acquisitions, and joint ventures, including "[[Factiva]]", ''[[The Wall Street Journal Asia]]'', ''[[The Wall Street Journal Europe]]'', the WSJ.com website, Dow Jones Indexes, [[MarketWatch]], and "WSJ Weekend Edition". In 2007, [[News Corporation|News Corp.]] acquired Dow Jones. ''[[WSJ.]]'', a luxury lifestyle magazine, was launched in 2008.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://us.ft.com/ftgateway/superpage.ft?news_id=fto090320082104328499 |title=WSJ magazine targets upscale market |work=[[Financial Times]] |last=Edgecliffe-Johnson |first=Andrew |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929154941/http://us.ft.com/ftgateway/superpage.ft?news_id=fto090320082104328499 |archive-date=September 29, 2011}}</ref>

A complement to the print newspaper, ''The Wall Street Journal Online'', was launched in 1996 and has allowed access only by subscription from the beginning.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stulberg |first=Ariel |title=Testing news paywalls: Which are leaky, and which are airtight? |url=https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/news-paywalls-new-york-times-wall-street-journal.php |work=Columbia Journalism Review }}</ref>

===21st century===
In 2003, Dow Jones began to integrate reporting of the ''Journal''{{'s}} print and online subscribers together in [[Audit Bureau of Circulations (North America)|Audit Bureau of Circulations]] statements.<ref>"The Wall Street Journal Announces New Integrated Print and Online Sales and Marketing Initiatives". Press release. November 3, 2003.</ref> In 2007, it was commonly believed to be the largest paid-subscription news site on the Web, with 980,000 paid subscribers.<ref name="Crossen"/> Since then, digital subscription has risen to 1.3 million as of September 2018, falling to number two behind ''[[The New York Times]]'' with 3 million digital subscriptions.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://phys.org/news/2018-11-newscorp-higher-profits-subscriptions.html|title=NewsCorp sees higher profits as subscriptions rise|website=phys.org}}</ref> In May 2008, an annual subscription to the online edition of ''The Wall Street Journal'' cost $119 for those who do not have subscriptions to the print edition. By June 2013, the monthly cost for a subscription to the online edition was $22.99, or $275.88 annually, excluding introductory offers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://subscribe.wsj.com |title=Subscribing to the Wall Street Journal |work=The Wall Street Journal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114212045/https://subscribe.wsj.com/ |archive-date=November 14, 2013}}</ref> Digital subscription rates increased dramatically to $443.88 per year as its popularity increased over print, with first-time subscribers paying $187.20 per year.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://store.wsj.com/shop/us/us/wsjusasa0419/?inttrackingCode=aaqt86ty&icid=WSJ_ON_PHP_ACQ_NA&n2IKsaD9=n2IKsaD9&Pg9aWOPT=Pg9aWOPT&Cp5dKJWb=Cp5dKJWb&APCc9OU1=APCc9OU1%7Ctitle=The|access-date=2021-08-06|website=store.wsj.com}}</ref>

On November 30, 2004, [[Oasys Mobile]] and ''The Wall Street Journal'' released an app that would allow users to access content from ''The Wall Street Journal Online'' via their mobile phones.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=131111&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=807942&highlight=|title=Oasys Mobile, Inc. News Release|publisher=Phx.corporate|access-date=June 5, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20081128014031/http://phx.corporate%2Dir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c%3D104016%26p%3Dirol%2DCSRhome|archive-date=November 28, 2008}}</ref>

In September 2005, the ''Journal'' launched a weekend edition, delivered to all subscribers, which marked a return to Saturday publication after a lapse of some 50 years. The move was designed in part to attract more consumer advertising.<ref name="Crossen"/>

In 2005, the ''Journal'' reported a readership profile of about 60 percent top management, an average income of $191,000, an average household net worth of $2.1{{nbsp}}million, and an average age of 55.<ref>Mitchell, Bill. "[http://www.poynter.org/content/content_view.asp?id=89351 The Wall Street Journal Weekend Edition: Expectations, Surprises, Disappointments] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060816134815/http://www.poynter.org/content/content_view.asp?id=89351 }}". [[Poynter Institute|Poynter Online]], September 21, 2005.</ref>

In 2007, the ''Journal'' launched a worldwide expansion of its website to include major foreign-language editions. The paper had also shown an interest in buying the rival ''[[Financial Times]]''.<ref>{{cite news|last=Wray|first=Richard|title=How the word on Wall Street will spread around the world|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=UK|url=http://business.guardian.co.uk/story/0,,2003063,00.html|access-date=February 3, 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070203082414/http://business.guardian.co.uk/story/0%2C%2C2003063%2C00.html|archive-date=February 3, 2007}}</ref>

===Design changes===
The nameplate is unique in having a period at the end.<ref>{{cite news|title=Punctuation Nerds Stopped by Obama Slogan, 'Forward.'|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444840104577553020326811222.html|access-date=October 30, 2012|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030102036/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444840104577553020326811222.html|archive-date=October 30, 2012}}</ref>

Front-page advertising in the ''Journal'' was re-introduced on September 5, 2006. This followed similar introductions in the European and Asian editions in late 2005.<ref>"[http://biz.yahoo.com/pz/060718/102326.html Wall Street Journal Introduces New Front Page Advertising Opportunity] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060814030343/http://biz.yahoo.com/pz/060718/102326.html }}". Press release, July 18, 2006. Retrieved August 19, 2006.</ref>

After presenting nearly identical front-page layouts for half a century{{snd}} always six columns, with the day's top stories in the first and sixth columns, "What's News" digest in the second and third, the "A-hed" feature story in the fourth (with 'hed' being jargon for [[headline]]) and themed weekly reports in the fifth column<ref>[http://info.wsj.com/college/guidedtour/pageone.html WSJ.com Guided Tour: Page One] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090101105307/http://info.wsj.com/college/guidedtour/pageone.html }}, accessed August 30, 2007.</ref>{{snd}} the paper in 2007 decreased its [[broadsheet]] width from 15 to 12{{nbsp}}inches while keeping the length at 22{{frac|3|4}}{{nbsp}}inches, to save [[newsprint]] costs. News design consultant [[Mario García (designer)|Mario Garcia]] collaborated on the changes. Dow Jones said it would save US$18{{nbsp}}million a year in newsprint costs across all ''The Wall Street Journal'' papers.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ahrens |first=Frank |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/11/AR2005101101551.html |title=Wall Street Journal To Narrow Its Pages |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=August 19, 2006 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724120700/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/11/AR2005101101551.html |archive-date=July 24, 2008 }}</ref> This move eliminated one column of print, pushing the "A-hed" out of its traditional location (though the paper now usually includes a quirky feature story on the right side of the front page, sandwiched among the lead stories).

The paper uses ink dot drawings called [[hedcut]]s, introduced in 1979 and originally created by [[Kevin Sprouls]],<ref>[http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/journal/ "Picturing Business in America"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051105024706/http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/journal/ }}, [[Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery]], Retrieved August 19, 2006.</ref> in addition to photographs, a method of illustration considered a consistent visual signature of the paper. the ''Journal'' still heavily employs the use of [[caricatures]], including those by illustrator [[Ken Fallin]], such as when [[Peggy Noonan]] memorialized then-recently deceased newsman [[Tim Russert]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Noonan|first=Peggy|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121390975307189781.html|title=Tim Russert WSJ drawing|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=June 5, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926050219/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121390975307189781.html|archive-date=September 26, 2011}}</ref><ref>[http://www.bizbash.com/orlando/content/editorial/12186_caricaturist_captures_the_corporate_market.php Caricaturist Captures the Corporate Market] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090924092509/http://www.bizbash.com/orlando/content/editorial/12186_caricaturist_captures_the_corporate_market.php }}, Biz Bash Orlando, August 11, 2008.</ref> The use of color photographs and graphics has become increasingly common in recent years with the addition of more "lifestyle" sections.

The daily was awarded by the [[Society for News Design]] World's Best Designed Newspaper award for 1994 and 1997.<ref>{{cite web|title=World's Best-Designed winners (2006)|url=http://www.snd.org/competitions/print/worlds-best-designed/|publisher=Society for News Design|access-date=October 8, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811101446/http://www.snd.org/competitions/print/worlds-best-designed/|archive-date=August 11, 2017}}</ref>

===News Corporation and News Corp===
On May 2, 2007, [[News Corporation]] made an unsolicited takeover bid for [[Dow Jones & Company|Dow Jones]], offering US$60 a share for stock that had been selling for US$33 a share. The [[Bancroft family]], which controlled more than 60% of the voting stock, at first rejected the offer, but later reconsidered its position.<ref>For background and sequel, see: Ellison, Sarah, ''War at the Wall Street Journal: Inside the Struggle To Control an American Business Empire'', Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010. {{ISBN|978-0-547-15243-1}} (Also published as: ''War at The Wall Street Journal: How Rupert Murdoch Bought an American Icon'', Sydney, Text Publishing, 2010.)</ref>

Three months later, on August 1, 2007, News Corporation and Dow Jones entered into a definitive merger agreement.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/6923474.stm|title=Murdoch wins Control of Dow Jones|publisher=BBC|access-date=August 1, 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070805015221/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/6923474.stm|archive-date=August 5, 2007}}</ref> The US$5{{nbsp}}billion sale added ''The Wall Street Journal'' to [[Rupert Murdoch]]'s news empire, which already included [[Fox News Channel]], [[Fox Business Network|financial network unit]] and London's ''[[The Times]]'', and locally within New York, the ''[[New York Post]]'', along with [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] [[flagship station]] [[WNYW]] (Channel 5) and [[MyNetworkTV]] flagship [[WWOR-TV|WWOR]] (Channel 9).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/20032918|title=Murdoch clinches deal for publisher of Journal|publisher=[[NBC News]]|access-date=August 9, 2007}}</ref>

On December 13, 2007, shareholders representing more than 60 percent of Dow Jones's voting stock approved the company's acquisition by News Corporation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portfolio.com/news-markets/top-5/2007/12/13/News-Corp-Dow-Jones-Deal-Done |title=News Corp Dow Jones Deal Done |publisher=Portfolio.com |access-date=June 5, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511054943/http://www.portfolio.com/news-markets/top-5/2007/12/13/News-Corp-Dow-Jones-Deal-Done |archive-date=May 11, 2011 }}</ref>

In an editorial page column, publisher [[L. Gordon Crovitz]] said the Bancrofts and News Corporation had agreed that the ''Journal''{{'}}s news and opinion sections would preserve their editorial independence from their new corporate parent.<ref name="Crovitz">[[L. Gordon Crovitz]], "A Report to Our Readers". ''The Wall Street Journal'' (New York), page A14, August 1, 2007.</ref>

A special committee was established to oversee the paper's editorial integrity. When the managing editor [[Marcus Brauchli]] resigned on April 22, 2008, the committee said that News Corporation had violated its agreement by not notifying the committee earlier. However, Brauchli said he believed that new owners should appoint their own editor.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120949530982953531.html |title=WSJ Editor's Resignation Is Criticized By Committee |first=Steve |last=Stecklow |work=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=September 27, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080918015011/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120949530982953531.html |archive-date=September 18, 2008 }}</ref>

A 2007 ''Journal'' article quoted charges that Murdoch had made and broken similar promises in the past. One large shareholder commented that Murdoch has long "expressed his personal, political and [[business]] biases through his newspapers and television stations". Former ''Times'' assistant editor [[Fred Emery (journalist)|Fred Emery]] remembers an incident when "Mr. Murdoch called him into his office in March 1982 and said he was considering firing ''Times'' editor [[Harold Evans]]. Mr. Emery says he reminded Mr. Murdoch of his promise that editors couldn't be fired without the independent directors' approval. 'God, you don't take all that seriously, do you?' Mr. Murdoch answered, according to Mr. Emery." Murdoch eventually forced out Evans.<ref>Steve Stecklow, Aaron O. Patrick, Martin Peers, and Andrew Higgins, [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118100557923424501.html "Calling the shots: In Murdoch's career, a hand in the news; his aggressive style can blur boundaries; 'Buck stops with me'"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213115324/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118100557923424501.html }}, ''The Wall Street Journal'', June 5, 2007.</ref>

In 2011, ''[[The Guardian]]'' found evidence that the ''Journal'' had artificially inflated its European sales numbers, by paying Executive Learning Partnership for purchasing 16% of European sales. These inflated sales numbers then enabled the ''Journal'' to charge similarly inflated advertising rates, as the advertisers would think that they reached more readers than they actually did. In addition, the ''Journal'' agreed to run "articles" featuring Executive Learning Partnership, presented as news, but effectively advertising.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/oct/12/wall-street-journal-andrew-langhoff|title=Wall Street Journal circulation scam claims senior Murdoch executive|access-date=October 13, 2011|location=London|work=The Guardian|first=Nick|last=Davies|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114091242/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/oct/12/wall-street-journal-andrew-langhoff|archive-date=November 14, 2013}}</ref> The case came to light after a Belgian ''Wall Street Journal'' employee, [[Gert Van Mol]], informed Dow Jones CEO [[Les Hinton]] about the questionable practice.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/news-corp-wall-street-journal-phone-hacking-250764|title=News Corp Ignored Wall Street Journal Circulation Inflation (Report)|access-date=October 13, 2011|location=US|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|author=|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411230654/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/news-corp-wall-street-journal-phone-hacking-250764|archive-date=April 11, 2012}}</ref> As a result, the then ''Wall Street Journal Europe'' CEO and Publisher Andrew Langhoff was fired after it was found out he personally pressured journalists into covering one of the newspaper's business partners involved in the issue.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/mediawire/149205/wall-street-journal-europe-publisher-resigns-after-deal-suggested-outside-influence-over-editorial-content/|title=WSJ Europe publisher resigns after reports he 'personally pressured' journalists into covering paper's business partner|access-date=October 13, 2011|location=US|publisher=[[Poynter Institute]]|first=Steve|last=Meyers|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114094516/http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/mediawire/149205/wall-street-journal-europe-publisher-resigns-after-deal-suggested-outside-influence-over-editorial-content/|archive-date=November 14, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203499704576625162816696954.html|title=Publisher of WSJ Europe Resigns After Ethics Inquiry|access-date=October 13, 2011|location=London|work=The Wall Street Journal|first=Paul|last=Sonne|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111013062055/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203499704576625162816696954.html|archive-date=October 13, 2011}}</ref> Since September 2011, all the online articles that resulted from the ethical wrongdoing carry a ''Wall Street Journal'' disclaimer informing the readers about the circumstances in which they were created.

The ''Journal'', along with its parent Dow Jones & Company, was among the businesses News Corporation spun off in 2013 as the new [[News Corp]].

In November 2016, in an effort to cut costs, the ''Journal''{{'s}} editor-in-chief, [[Gerard Baker]], announced layoffs of staff and consolidation of its print sections. The new "Business & Finance" section combined the former "Business & Tech" and "Money & Investing" sections. The new "Life & Arts" section took the place of "Personal Journal" and "Arena". In addition, the ''Journal''{{'s}} "Greater New York" coverage was reduced and moved to the main section of paper.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://fortune.com/2016/11/02/wall-street-journal-layoffs-cuts-sections/|title=Wall Street Journal Begins Layoffs, Cuts Sections|access-date=November 2, 2016|location=New York|work=[[Forbes]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104012400/http://fortune.com/2016/11/02/wall-street-journal-layoffs-cuts-sections/|archive-date=November 4, 2016}}</ref> The section was shuttered on July 9, 2021.<ref name="nyt-greater-ny">{{cite news |last1=Robertson |first1=Katie |title=The Wall Street Journal will close its Greater New York section. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/17/business/wsj-greater-new-york-section.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/17/business/wsj-greater-new-york-section.html |archive-date=2021-12-28 |url-access=limited |access-date=29 July 2021 |work=The New York Times }}{{cbignore}}</ref>

In an October 2018 [[Simmons Research]] survey of 38 news organizations, ''The Wall Street Journal'' was ranked the most trusted news organization by Americans. [[Joshua Benton]] of the [[Nieman Journalism Lab]] at [[Harvard University]] wrote that the paper's "combination of respected news pages and conservative editorial pages seem to be a magic formula for generating trust across the ideological spectrum."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Benton |first=Joshua |author-link=Joshua Benton |title=Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!) |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001945/https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |access-date=July 24, 2022 |website=[[Nieman Lab]]}}</ref>

The Personal Journal section branding was brought back in July 2020.<ref>{{cite news |title=WSJ is bringing back the print Personal Journal section |url=https://talkingbiznews.com/they-talk-biz-news/wsj-is-bringing-back-the-print-personal-journal-section/ |last=Roush |first=Chris |authorlink=Chris Roush |work=[[Talking Biz News]] }}</ref>

From 2019 through 2022, the ''Journal'' partnered with [[Facebook]] to provide content for the social-media site's "News Tab". Facebook paid the ''Journal'' in excess of $10 million during that period, terminating the relationship as part of a broader shift away from news content.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fischer |first=Sara |title=Meta officially cuts funding for U.S. news publishers |url=https://www.axios.com/2022/07/28/meta-publishers-news-funding-cut |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=Axios |language=en}}</ref>

On June 13, 2022, the ''Journal'' launched a [[Review site|product review website]] called ''Buy Side''.<ref name="axios220622">{{cite web |url=https://www.axios.com/2022/06/11/wsj-new-commerce-site-buy-side |title=Exclusive: WSJ debuts new commerce site "Buy Side" |last=Fischer |first=Sara |website=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |access-date=August 12, 2022}}</ref> The website remains free and has a distinct team from the Journal newsroom.<ref name="axios220622" />

===Recent milestones===
* ''WSJ Noted.'', a monthly digital magazine, launches on June 30, 2020, in a bid to attract younger readers.<ref name="noted-nieman" />
* Reaches 3 million subscribers in May 2020<ref name="biz-news-3m">{{cite news |title=News Corp CEO Thomson: WSJ reaches 3 million subscribers |url=https://talkingbiznews.com/they-talk-biz-news/news-corp-ceo-thomson-wsj-reaches-3-million-subscribers/ |last=Roush |first=Chris |author-link=Chris Roush |work=[[Talking Biz News]] }}</ref>
*WSJ Live became available on mobile devices in September 2011.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/13/wall-street-journal-adds-to-live-video-programming/|title=Wall Street Journal Adds to Live Video Programming|work=The New York Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140804092439/http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/13/wall-street-journal-adds-to-live-video-programming/?_r=0|archive-date=August 4, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
*''WSJ Weekend'', the weekend newspaper, expanded September 2010, with two new sections: "Off Duty" and "Review".<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shafer|first=Jack|title=Weekend update: The Wall Street Journal remakes its Saturday edition.|url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2010/09/weekend-update-the-wall-street-journal-remakes-its-saturday-edition.html|access-date=September 13, 2020|website=Slate Magazine }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Introducing Exchange From The Wall Street Journal |work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/introducing-exchange-from-the-wall-street-journal-1527912001|access-date=September 13, 2020|issn=0099-9660}}</ref>
*"Greater New York", a stand-alone, full color section dedicated to the [[New York metropolitan area|New York metro]] area, ran from April 2010 until July 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gettyimages.de/ereignis/wall-street-journal-launches-ny-section-aiming-to-compete-with-ny-times-97735559#an-issue-of-the-wall-street-journal-is-viewed-beside-the-new-york-on-picture-id98674763|title=Wall Street Journal Launches NY Section, Aiming To Compete With NY Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815182308/http://www.gettyimages.de/ereignis/wall-street-journal-launches-ny-section-aiming-to-compete-with-ny-times-97735559#an-issue-of-the-wall-street-journal-is-viewed-beside-the-new-york-on-picture-id98674763|archive-date=August 15, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="nyt-greater-ny" />
*''The Wall Street Journal''{{'s}} San Francisco Bay Area Edition, which focuses on local news and events, launched on November 5, 2009, appearing locally each Thursday in the print Journal and every day on online at WSJ.com/SF.<ref>{{Cite web|title='Wall Street Journal' launches San Francisco edition|url=https://adage.com/article/btob/8216-wall-street-journal-8217-launches-san-francisco-edition/277225|access-date=September 13, 2020|website=adage.com }}</ref>
*''WSJ Weekend'', formerly called ''Saturday's Weekend Edition'': September 2005.<ref>{{Cite news|author=|title=Journal to Start Weekend Edition Next September |work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB109526182995618560|access-date=September 13, 2020|issn=0099-9660}}</ref>
*Launch of ''Today's Journal'', which included both the addition of ''Personal Journal'' and color capacity to the ''Journal'': April 2002.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Newswires|first=Dow Jones|title=Dow Jones Ad Linage Remained Soft in April |work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB105284668510262500|access-date=September 13, 2020|issn=0099-9660}}</ref>
*Launch of ''The Wall Street Journal Sunday'': September 12, 1999. A four-page print supplement of original investing news, market reports and personal-finance advice that ran in the business sections of other U.S. newspapers. WSJ Sunday circulation peaked in 2005 with 84 newspapers reaching nearly 11 million homes. The publication ceased on February 7, 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/goodbye-from-the-wsj-sunday-1423359901|title=Goodbye From The WSJ Sunday|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=September 14, 2018}}</ref>
*''Friday Journal'', formerly called ''First Weekend Journal'': March 20, 1998.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=The Wall Street Journal|url=http://wsjpro.com/djcom/FactSheets/WallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf|website=WSJ Pro|access-date=September 13, 2020|archive-date=November 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123162007/http://wsjpro.com/djcom/FactSheets/WallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*WSJ.com launched in April 1996.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/info-wsjlookback06.html|title=WSJ.com|website=online.wsj.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219233253/http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/info-wsjlookback06.html|archive-date=December 19, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
*First three-section ''Journal'': October 1988.<ref name=":3" />
*First two-section ''Journal'': June 1980.<ref name=":3" />

==Features and operations==
Since 1980, the ''Journal'' has been published in multiple sections. At one time, the ''Journal''{{'s}} page count averaged as much as 96 pages an issue,{{citation needed}} but with the industry-wide decline in advertising, the ''Journal'' in 2009–10 more typically published about 50 to 60 pages per issue.

{{As of|2012}}, ''The Wall Street Journal'' had a global news staff of around 2,000 journalists in
85 news bureaus across 51 countries.<ref name="djfactsheet">{{cite web|url=http://www.dowjones.com/djcom/FactSheets/WallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf|title=The Wall Street Journal|publisher=[[Dow Jones & Company]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227131559/http://dowjones.com/djcom/FactSheets/WallStreetJournalFactSheet.pdf|archive-date=February 27, 2013|url-status=dead|access-date=July 25, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dowjones.com/bureaus.asp|title=Worldwide Bureaus|year=2011|publisher=Dow Jones & Company|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820024720/http://www.dowjones.com/bureaus.asp|archive-date=August 20, 2011|url-status=dead|access-date=August 25, 2011}}</ref> {{As of|2012}}, it had 26 printing plants.<ref name="djfactsheet" />

Regularly scheduled sections are:

*Section One: Every day; corporate news, as well as political and economic reporting and the opinion pages
*Marketplace: Monday through Friday; coverage of health, technology, [[Mass media|media]], and [[marketing]] industries (the second section was launched June 23, 1980)
*Money and Investing: Every day; covers and analyzes international financial markets (the third section was launched October 3, 1988)
*Personal Journal: Published Tuesday through Thursday; covers personal investments, [[career]]s and cultural pursuits (the section was introduced April 9, 2002)
*Off Duty: Published Saturdays in WSJ Weekend; focuses on fashion, food, design, travel and gear/tech. The section was launched September 25, 2010.
*Review: Published Saturdays in WSJ Weekend; focuses on essays, commentary, reviews and ideas. The section was launched September 25, 2010.
*Mansion: Published Fridays, focuses on high-end real estate. The section was launched October 5, 2012.
*WSJ Magazine: Launched in 2008 as a quarterly, this luxury magazine supplement distributed within the U.S., European and Asian editions of The Wall Street Journal grew to 12 issues per year in 2014.

In addition, several columnists contribute regular features to the ''Journal'' opinion page:
* Mondays: Americas by [[Mary O'Grady]]
* Wednesdays: Business World by [[Holman W. Jenkins Jr.]]
* Thursdays: Wonder Land by [[Daniel Henninger]]
* Fridays: Potomac Watch by [[Kimberley Strassel]]
* Weekend Edition: Rule of Law, The Weekend Interview (variety of authors), Declarations by [[Peggy Noonan]]

In addition to editorials and columns from the printed newspaper, wsj.com carries two daily web-only opinion columns:
*''Best of the Web Today'' by [[James Taranto]], the editor of the former OpinionJournal.com website (no subscription required).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.opinionjournal.com/best/|title=Opinion, Editorials, Columns, Op-Ed, Letters to the Editor, Commentary|work=The Wall Street Journal|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040604145713/http://www.opinionjournal.com/best/|archive-date=June 4, 2004}}</ref>
*''Political Diary'' edited by [[Holman W. Jenkins Jr]] and featuring [[John Fund]] (separate subscription required).

In addition to these regular opinion pieces, on Fridays the ''Journal'' publishes a religion-themed op-ed, titled "Houses of Worship", written by a different author each week. Authors range from the [[Dalai Lama]] to cardinals.

===''WSJ.''===
{{main|WSJ.}}
''WSJ.'' is ''The Wall Street Journal''{{'}}s luxury lifestyle magazine. Its coverage spans art, fashion, entertainment, design, food, architecture, travel and more. Kristina O'Neill is Editor in Chief and Omblyne Pelier is Publisher.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/wsj-publisher-050139987.html |title=WSJ.'s New Publisher |first=Kathryn |last=Hopkins |website=[[Yahoo News]] |access-date=August 3, 2022}}</ref>

Launched as a quarterly in 2008, the magazine grew to 12 issues a year for 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wsjmediakit.com/wsjmagazine/|title=WSJ. Media Kit|first=Chukky|last=Nze|work=The Wall Street Journal|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407071044/http://www.wsjmediakit.com/wsjmagazine/|archive-date=April 7, 2014}}</ref> The magazine is inserted into the weekend U.S. edition of ''The Wall Street Journal'' and is available on WSJ.com and in the newspaper's iPad app.

[[Penélope Cruz]], [[Carmelo Anthony]], [[Woody Allen]], [[Scarlett Johansson]], [[Emilia Clarke]], [[Daft Punk]], and [[Gisele Bündchen]] have all been featured on the cover.

In 2012, the magazine launched its Innovator Awards program. An extension of the November Innovators issue, the awards ceremony, held in New York City at [[Museum of Modern Art]], honors visionaries across the fields of design, fashion, architecture, humanitarianism, art and technology.

In 2013, ''Adweek'' named ''WSJ.'' the "Hottest Lifestyle Magazine of the Year" in its annual Hot List.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adweek.com/news-gallery/check-out-all-winners-print-category-years-hot-list-154185#hottest-lifestyle-magazine-4/|title=Check Out All of the Winners in the Print Category From This Year's Hot List|work=[[Adweek]]|url-status=live |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407055807/http://www.adweek.com/news-gallery/check-out-all-winners-print-category-years-hot-list-154185#hottest-lifestyle-magazine-4/|archive-date=April 7, 2014}}</ref>

===OpinionJournal.com===
{{Infobox website
| name = OpinionJournal.com
| logo =
| screenshot =
| caption =
| url = http://www.opinionjournal.com
| commercial = Yes
| type = News and opinion
| language = English
| registration = N/A
| owner = ''The Wall Street Journal''
| author = ''The Wall Street Journal''
| launch_date =
| current_status = Redirects to https://www.wsj.com/news/opinion
| revenue = N/A
}}
'''OpinionJournal.com''' was a [[website]] featuring content from the editorial pages of ''The Wall Street Journal''. It existed separately from the news content at '''wsj.com''' until January 2008, when it was merged into the main website.<ref>
{{cite web |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB119991634497578851 |title=Wsj.com/opinion |website=The Wall Street Journal |page=A14}}</ref>
The editorials (titled "Review & Outlook") reflected ''The Journal''{{'}}s [[conservatism in the United States|conservative]] political [[#Editorial page and political stance|editorial line]], as did its regular [[columnist]]s, who included [[Peggy Noonan]], [[John Fund]], and [[Daniel Henninger]].

===''WSJ Noted.''===
On June 30, 2020, the ''Journal'' launched ''WSJ Noted.'', a monthly digital "news and culture" magazine for subscribers aged 18–34 years old in a bid to attract a younger audience to the ''Journal''. The magazine has a group of some 7,000 young adults who are invited to preview content, provide feedback, and join Q&As with Noted staff.<ref name="noted-nieman">{{cite news |last1=Laura Hazard |first1=Owen |title=The Wall Street Journal aims for a younger audience with Noted, an Instagram-heavy news and culture magazine |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2020/06/the-wall-street-journal-aims-for-a-younger-audience-with-noted-an-instagram-heavy-news-and-culture-magazine/ |access-date=July 14, 2020 |publisher=Nieman Lab }}</ref>

==Editorial board==
{{Main|Editorial Board at The Wall Street Journal}}
''The Wall Street Journal'' editorial board members oversee the ''Journal''<nowiki/>'s editorial page, dictating the tone and direction of the newspaper's opinion section. ''The Wall Street Journal'' does not provide details on the exact duties of board members.

Every Saturday and Sunday, three editorial page writers and host [[Paul Gigot]], editor of the editorial page, appear on [[Fox News Channel]]'s ''[[Journal Editorial Report]]'', where they discuss current issues with a variety of guests. As editors of the editorial page, [[Vermont C. Royster]] (served 1958–1971) and [[Robert Bartley]] (served 1972–2000) provided a [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative]] interpretation of the news on a daily basis.<ref name=vetter>Richard Vetter, "Wall Street Journal", in Bruce Frohnen, ed. '' American Conservatism'' (2006), pp. 898–99.</ref>

Contrasts have been noted between the ''Journal''<nowiki/>'s news reporting and its editorial pages.<ref name="Smith_10/25/2020" /> "While ''Journal'' reporters keep busy informing readers," wrote one reporter in 1982, "''Journal'' editorial writers put forth views that often contradict the paper's best reporting and news analysis."<ref>{{Cite news |last=MacDougall |first=A. Kent |title=Books: Taking Stock of Dow Jones |pages=59–63 |work=Columbia Journalism Review}}</ref> Two summaries published in 1995 by the progressive blog [[Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting]], and in 1996 by the ''[[Columbia Journalism Review]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=1325|title=20 Reasons Not to Trust the Journal Editorial Page|last1=Naureckas|first1=Jim|last2=Rendall|first2=Steve|work=[[Extra!]]|publisher=Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081107135516/http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=1325|archive-date=November 7, 2008|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://backissues.cjrarchives.org/year/96/4/wsj.asp|title=Bartley's Believe It Or Not!|last=Lieberman|first=Trudy|work=Columbia Journalism Review|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080129014101/http://backissues.cjrarchives.org/year/96/4/wsj.asp|archive-date=January 29, 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> criticized the ''Journal''{{'s}} editorial page for inaccuracy during the 1980s and 1990s. One reference work in 2011 described the editorial pages as "rigidly neoconservative" while noting that the news coverage "has enjoyed a sterling reputation among readers of all political stripes".<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Scribner |first1=Todd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vRY27FkGJAUC |title=Culture Wars: An Encyclopedia of Issues, Viewpoints, and Voices |last2=Chapman |first2=Roger |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |isbn=978-0-7656-2250-1 |editor-last=Chapman |editor-first=Roger |pages=587 |language=en |chapter=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref>

In July 2020, more than 280 ''Journal'' journalists and Dow Jones staff members wrote a letter to new publisher [[Almar Latour]] to criticize the opinion pages' "lack of fact-checking and transparency, and its apparent disregard for evidence", adding that "opinion articles often make assertions that are contradicted by ''WSJ'' reporting."<ref name="wsj-opinion-news">{{cite news |last1=Trachtenberg |first1=Jeffrey A. |title=WSJ Journalists Ask Publisher for Clearer Distinction Between News and Opinion Content |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/wsj-journalists-ask-publisher-for-clearer-distinction-between-news-and-opinion-content-11595349198 |access-date=July 22, 2020 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal }}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{cite news |last1=McLaughlin |first1=Aidan |title=WSJ Reporters Call Out Misinformation and 'Disregard For Evidence' From Paper's Opinion Section in Scathing Letter |url=https://www.mediaite.com/print/wsj-reporters-call-out-misinformation-and-disregard-for-evidence-from-papers-opinion-section-in-scathing-letter/ |access-date=July 22, 2020 |publisher=Mediaite }}</ref> The editorial board responded that its opinion pages "won't wilt under cancel-culture pressure" and that the objective of the editorial content is to be independent of the ''Journal''{{'}}s news content and offer alternative views to "the uniform progressive views that dominate nearly all of today's media."<ref name="auto1">{{cite news |last1=Editorial Board |title=A Note to Readers These pages won't wilt under cancel-culture pressure. |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-note-to-readers-11595547898 |access-date=July 23, 2020 |newspaper=Wall Street Journal }}</ref> The board's response did not address issues regarding fact-checking that had been raised in the letter.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/508870-wsj-editorial-board-calls-employee-concerns-about-opinion-page-cancel-culture|title=WSJ editorial board calls employee concerns about opinion page 'cancel culture'|first=J. Edward|last=Moreno|website=TheHill}}</ref>

===Editorial positions===

====Economic====

During the Reagan administration, the newspaper's editorial page was particularly influential as the leading voice for [[supply-side economics]]. Under the editorship of [[Robert L. Bartley|Robert Bartley]], it expounded at length on economic concepts such as the [[Laffer curve]], and how a decrease in certain marginal tax rates and the [[capital gains tax in the United States|capital gains tax]] could allegedly increase overall tax revenue by generating more economic activity.<ref name="bartley-obit">{{cite news |title=Bartley, Longtime Journal Editor And Thinker on Right, Dies at 66 |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB107107510671889000 |access-date=July 22, 2020 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal }}</ref>

In the economic argument of [[exchange rate regime]]s (one of the most divisive issues among economists), the ''Journal'' has a tendency to support [[fixed exchange rate]]s over [[floating exchange rate]]s.<ref>{{cite report |last1=McCallum |first1=Bennett T. |title=Wall Street Journal Position on Exchange Rates |year=2002 |publisher=Bradley Policy Research Center |hdl=1802/510 }}</ref>

====Political====
[[File:Interview Wall Street Journal (6425462779).jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Mark Rutte]], prime minister of the [[Netherlands]], being interviewed by The ''Journal'' in 2011]]
The ''Journal''{{'s}} editorial pages and columns, run separately from the news pages, have a [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative]] bent and are highly influential in establishment conservative circles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/wsj_trump_editorial_opinion.php|title=Unpacking WSJ's 'watershed' Trump editorial|website=Columbia Journalism Review |access-date=January 1, 2019}}</ref> Despite this, the ''Journal'' refrains from endorsing candidates and has not endorsed a candidate since 1928.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/19951/brief-history-newspaper-endorsements|title=A Brief History of Newspaper Endorsements|website=www.mentalfloss.com |access-date=December 4, 2019}}</ref>

The editorial board has long argued for a pro-business immigration policy.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rutenberg |first=Jim |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/03/washington/03immig.html |title=The editorial page commonly publishes pieces by U.S. and world leaders in academia, business, government and politics |work=The New York Times |access-date=June 5, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513210559/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/03/washington/03immig.html?_r=1&hp=&adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1180807796-2rtP%2FypH5CxbIhLG9%2FDQjg&oref=slogin |archive-date=May 13, 2011 }}</ref>

The ''Journal''{{'s}} editorial page was seen as critical of many aspects of [[Barack Obama]]'s presidency. In particular, it has been a prominent critic of the [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act|Affordable Care Act]] legislation passed in 2010, and has featured many opinion columns attacking various aspects of the bill.<ref>Wagner, Michael W., and Timothy P. Collins. "Does Ownership Matter? The case of Rupert Murdoch's purchase of the Wall Street Journal". ''Journalism Practice'' (2014) 8#6 pp: 1–14. [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17512786.2014.882063#.VIhEWtLF9A0 online]</ref> The ''Journal''{{'s}} editorial page has also criticized the [[Energy policy of the Obama administration|Obama administration's energy policies]] and foreign policy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/big-solars-subsidy-bubble-1440975764|title=Big Solar's Subsidy Bubble|work=The Wall Street Journal|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170402170812/https://www.wsj.com/articles/big-solars-subsidy-bubble-1440975764|archive-date=April 2, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/obamas-tide-of-war-1476832244 |title=Obama's Tide of War |work=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=April 24, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170402170809/https://www.wsj.com/articles/obamas-tide-of-war-1476832244 |archive-date=April 2, 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/obamas-iran-missile-war-1476398945 |title=Obama's Iran Missile War |work=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=April 24, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170402170126/https://www.wsj.com/articles/obamas-iran-missile-war-1476398945 |archive-date=April 2, 2017 }}</ref>

On October 25, 2017, the editorial board called for Special Counsel [[Robert Mueller]] to resign from the investigation into [[Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections]] and accused [[Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign|Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign]] of colluding with Russia.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/democrats-russians-and-the-fbi-1508971759 |title=Democrats, Russians and the FBI |newspaper=Wall Street Journal }}</ref> In December 2017, the editorial board repeated its calls for Mueller's resignation.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/wall-street-journal-editorial-board-robert-mueller-resign-2017-12?r=US&IR=T|title=Wall Street Journal editorial board calls on special counsel Robert Mueller to resign again|work=Business Insider|access-date=July 24, 2018 }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/wall-street-journal-attacks-mueller_us_5a26540de4b07324e840359e|title=Wall Street Journal Editorial Board Goes To Bat Against FBI And Robert Mueller For Trump|last=Frej|first=Willa|work=Huffington Post|access-date=July 24, 2018 }}</ref> The editorials by the editorial board caused fractures within ''The Wall Street Journal'', as reporters say that the editorials undermine the paper's credibility.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/11/the-wall-street-journal-editorial-board-coverage-of-mueller|title="A Different Level of Crazy": Inside The Wall Street Journal's Civil War|last=Pompeo|first=Joe|work=The Hive|access-date=July 24, 2018 }}</ref>

In October 2021, the Journal published a letter from former President Donald Trump in the Letters to the Editor section of the editorial pages. Other news sources described the contents of the letter as false and debunked claims about the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 presidential election]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/10/28/media/rupert-murdoch-january-6-insurrection-election/index.html|title=Rupert Murdoch is letting his media empire spread January 6 and election conspiracy theories|author=Oliver Darcy|website=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2021/oct/28/trump-election-letter-wall-street-journal-lie-criticism|title=Wall Street Journal criticized for Trump letter pushing election lie|website=the Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/dereksaul/2021/10/27/wall-street-journal-hit-for-publishing-letter-from-trump-with-litany-of-election-fraud-claims/|title=Wall Street Journal Hit For Publishing Letter From Trump With Litany Of Election Fraud Claims|first=Derek|last=Saul|website=Forbes}}</ref> The next day, the editorial board published their own critique of Trump's letter.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Facts on Trump's Fraud Letter.|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-facts-on-donald-trumps-fraud-letter-2020-election-11635449578 |access-date=24 April 2023 |publisher=The Wall Street Journal }}</ref>

====Scientific====
The ''Journal'' editorial pages were described as a "forum for [[climate change denial]]" in 2011 due to columns that attacked climate scientists and accused them of engaging in fraud.<ref>Multiple sources:
*{{cite journal |last1=Cook |first1=J. |last2=Nuccitelli |first2=D. |last3=Green |first3=S.A. |last4=Richardson |first4=M. |last5=Winkler |first5=B.R. |last6=Painting |first6=R. |last7=Way |first7=R. |last8=Jacobs |first8=P. |last9=Skuce |first9=A. |title=Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature |journal=Environmental Research Letters |year=2013 |volume=8 |issue=2 |page=024024 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024024 |bibcode=2013ERL.....8b4024C |doi-access=free }}
*{{Cite news |last=Nordhaus |first=William D. |title=Why the Global Warming Skeptics Are Wrong |language=en |work=New York Review of Books |url=https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2012/03/22/why-global-warming-skeptics-are-wrong/ |access-date=2022-08-04 |issn=0028-7504}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Supran |first1=Geoffrey |last2=Oreskes |first2=Naomi |author-link2=Naomi Oreskes |title=Assessing ExxonMobil's climate change communications (1977–2014) |journal=[[Environmental Research Letters]] |year=2017 |volume=12 |number=8 |pages=084019 |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/aa815f |bibcode=2017ERL....12h4019S |doi-access=free}}
*{{cite book |last=Powell |first=James Lawrence |title=The Inquisition of Climate Science |url=http://cup.columbia.edu/book/the-inquisition-of-climate-science/9780231157193 |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=9780231527842 }}
*{{Cite journal|last1=Vardy|first1=Mark|last2=Oppenheimer|first2=Michael|last3=Dubash|first3=Navroz K.|last4=O'Reilly|first4=Jessica|last5=Jamieson|first5=Dale|title=The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Challenges and Opportunities|journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources|language=en|volume=42|issue=1|pages=55–75|doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-061053|issn=1543-5938|quote=One of the tactics successfully used to discredit climate science is typified by Frederick Seitz's 1996 commentary in ''The Wall Street Journal'' in which he argued that the IPCC did not follow its own rules for peer review. Subsequent analysis showed that the IPCC did not transgress any of its rules of peer review, which in fact are more rigorous than the standards of peer review that academic journals typically try to uphold|doi-access=free}}
*Karen Akerlof et al.: ''Communication of climate projections in US media amid politicization of model science''. [[Nature Climate Change]] 2, 2012, 648–654 {{doi|10.1038/nclimate1542}}.
*{{cite web |last=Nuccitelli |first=Dana |title=The Wall Street Journal denies the 97% scientific consensus on human-caused global warming |website=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2014/may/28/wall-street-journal-denies-global-warming-consensus |access-date=2022-08-03}}
*{{cite web |last=Nuccitelli |first=Dana |title=The Wall Street Journal keeps peddling Big Oil propaganda |website=The Guardian |url=http://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2018/jun/11/the-wall-street-journal-keeps-peddling-big-oil-propaganda |access-date=2021-11-24 }}
*Shaun W. Elsasser, Riley E. Dunlap: ''Leading Voices in the Denier Choir: Conservative Columnists' Dismissal of Global Warming and Denigration of Climate Science''. [[American Behavioral Scientist]] 57, No. 6, 2013, 754–776, {{doi|10.1177/0002764212469800}} "... and clearly Fox, leading conservative newspapers such as the WSJ ... provide powerful provide powerful fora for the promotion of climate change denial."
*{{cite web|last=Cassella |first=Carly |url=https://www.sciencealert.com/major-news-outlets-wall-street-journal-climate-denial-opinion-piece |title=The Wall Street Journal Still Treats Climate Change as "Opinion", And This Practice Needs to Stop |website=ScienceAlert |access-date=August 3, 2022 |quote=For years, the WSJ has run opinion piece after opinion piece, questioning the reality of anthropogenic climate change. Too often, these "opinions" are written by authors with strong ties to the fossil fuel industry. In May of 2018, for example, the WSJ published an article that proclaimed, "Sea levels are rising, but not because of climate change."}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199566600|title=The Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-173527-1|language=en-US|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566600.001.0001|pages=125|editor1-last=Dryzek|editor1-first=John S|editor2-first=Richard B|editor2-last=Norgaard|editor3-first=David|editor3-last=Schlosberg}}
</ref> A 2011 study found that the ''Journal'' was alone among major American print news media in how, mainly in its editorial pages, it adopted a [[false balance]] that overplayed the uncertainty in climate science or denied anthropogenic climate change altogether.<ref name="Feldman">{{Cite journal |last1=Feldman |first1=Lauren |last2=Hart |first2=P. Sol |last3=Milosevic |first3=Tijana |title=Polarizing news? Representations of threat and efficacy in leading US newspapers' coverage of climate change |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0963662515595348 |journal=Public Understanding of Science |language=en |volume=26 |issue=4 |pages=481–497 |doi=10.1177/0963662515595348 |pmid=26229010 |hdl=10852/59799 |s2cid=32171406 |issn=0963-6625|hdl-access=free }}</ref> That year, the [[Associated Press]] described the ''Journal''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s editorial pages as "a place friendly to climate change skeptics".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/171649/skeptics-own-study-finds-climate-change-real-but-says-scientists-should-be-more-critical/ |title=Skeptic's own study finds climate change real, but says scientists should be more critical |agency=Associated Press |first=Seth |last=Borenstein |access-date=August 3, 2022}}</ref> In 2013, the editorial board and other opinion writers vocally criticized President [[Barack Obama|Obama]]'s plan to address climate change, mostly without mentioning climate science.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Corneliussen |first=Steven T. |title=Wall Street Journal opinion writers target President Obama's climate plan |url=https://physicstoday.scitation.org/do/10.1063/PT.4.2500/full |journal=Physics Today |language=en |doi=10.1063/PT.4.2500}}</ref> A 2015 study found ''The Wall Street Journal'' was the newspaper that was least likely to present negative [[effects of global warming]] among several newspapers. It was also the most likely to present negative economic framing when discussing climate change mitigation policies, tending to take the stance that the cost of such policies generally outweighs their benefit.<ref name="Feldman" />

[[Climate Feedback]], a fact-checking website on media coverage of climate science, determined that multiple opinion articles range between "low" and "very low" in terms of scientific credibility.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://climatefeedback.org/outlet/the-wall-street-journal/|title=The Wall Street Journal articles analyzed|website=Climate Feedback |access-date=December 28, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Wall Street Journal article repeats multiple incorrect and misleading claims made in Steven Koonin's new book 'Unsettled'|url=https://climatefeedback.org/evaluation/wall-street-journal-article-repeats-multiple-incorrect-and-misleading-claims-made-in-steven-koonins-new-book-unsettled-steven-koonin/|access-date=2021-05-06|website=Climate Feedback }}</ref> The Partnership for Responsible Growth stated in 2016 that 14% of the guest editorials on climate change presented the results of "mainstream climate science", while the majority did not. The Partnership also determined that none of the 201 editorials concerning climate change that were published in ''The Wall Street Journal'' since 1997 conceded that the burning of [[fossil fuel]]s is the main [[Attribution of recent climate change|cause of climate change]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/wall-street-journal-accepts-environmentalist-ad-but-charges-extra/2016/06/13/422cd8e2-3199-11e6-95c0-2a6873031302_story.html|title=Wall Street Journal accepts environmentalist ad but charges extra|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=June 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615120938/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/wall-street-journal-accepts-environmentalist-ad-but-charges-extra/2016/06/13/422cd8e2-3199-11e6-95c0-2a6873031302_story.html|archive-date=June 15, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the 1980s and 1990s, the ''Journal'' published numerous columns opposing and misrepresenting the scientific consensus on the harms of [[Passive smoking|second-hand smoke]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bayer|first1=Ronald|last2=Colgrove|first2=James|author-link2=James Colgrove|title=Science, Politics, and Ideology in the Campaign Against Environmental Tobacco Smoke |journal=American Journal of Public Health|volume=92|issue=6|pages=949–954|issn=0090-0036|pmc=1447493|pmid=12036788 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.92.6.949}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Lerbinger|first=Otto|title=Corporate Public Affairs: Interacting With Interest Groups, Media, and Government|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-59999-7|pages=161|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Rosenstock |first1=Linda |last2=Lee |first2=Lore Jackson |title=Attacks on Science: The Risks to Evidence-Based Policy |journal=American Journal of Public Health |language=en |volume=92 |issue=1 |pages=14–18 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.92.1.14 |issn=0090-0036 |pmc=1447376 |pmid=11772749}}</ref> [[acid rain]], and [[ozone depletion]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Taubes|first=Gary|title=The Ozone Backlash|url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.260.5114.1580|journal=Science|volume=260|issue=5114|pages=1580–1583|doi=10.1126/science.260.5114.1580|pmid=17810191|bibcode=1993Sci...260.1580T}}</ref> in addition to public policy efforts to curb pesticides and asbestos.<ref name="handful">{{Cite book|last1=Oreskes|first1=Naomi|url=https://archive.org/details/merchantsofdoubt00ores|title=Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming|last2=Conway|first2=Erik M.|publisher=Bloomsbury|isbn=9781608192939|pages=[https://archive.org/details/merchantsofdoubt00ores/page/94 94], 126, 135, 146, 208–213|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fleischer |first=Doris Z. |title=Silent Spring: Personal Synthesis of Two Cultures |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/027046769301300403 |journal=Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society |language=en |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=200–202 |doi=10.1177/027046769301300403 |s2cid=144455619 |issn=0270-4676}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Fagin |first1=Dan |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40776758 |title=Toxic Deception |last2=Lavelle |first2=Marianne |publisher=Common Courage Press |isbn=1-56751-163-5 |edition=2nd |location=Monroe, Me. |pages=vii-viii |oclc=40776758 |author-link=Dan Fagin}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Page |first=Benjamin I. |title=Speedy deliberation: Rejecting "1960s programs" as causes of the Los Angeles riots |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10584609.1995.9963072 |journal=Political Communication |language=en |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=245–261 |doi=10.1080/10584609.1995.9963072 |issn=1058-4609}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=McCulloch |first1=Jock |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G1cVDAAAQBAJ |title=Defending the Indefensible: The Global Asbestos Industry and Its Fight for Survival |last2=Tweedale |first2=Geoffrey |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-953485-2 |pages=183 |language=en}}</ref> The ''Journal'' later recognized that efforts to curb acid rain through cap-and-trade had been successful, a decade after the Clean Air Act Amendments.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediamatters.org/research/2012/08/02/the-wall-street-journal-dismissing-environmenta/189063|title=The Wall Street Journal: Dismissing Environmental Threats Since 1976|website=Media Matters for America |access-date=January 1, 2019}}</ref>

==Political views==
Its reporting has been described as "[[small-c conservatism]]".<ref name="Smith_10/25/2020">{{Cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Ben |title=Trump Had One Last Story to Sell. The Wall Street Journal Wouldn't Buy It. |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/25/business/media/hunter-biden-wall-street-journal-trump.html |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |df=mdy-all |author-link=Ben Smith (journalist) |access-date=October 31, 2020 |archive-date=October 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030084330/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/25/business/media/hunter-biden-wall-street-journal-trump.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Some of the ''Journal''{{'s}} former reporters claim that the paper has adopted a more conservative tone since [[Rupert Murdoch]]'s purchase.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/14/business/media/14carr.html |title=The Media Equation: Under Murdoch, Tilting Rightward at The Journal |first=David |last=Carr |work=The New York Times |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223011945/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/14/business/media/14carr.html |archive-date=February 23, 2017 }}</ref>

===Bias in news pages===
====Pre-Murdoch ownership====
The ''Journal''{{'}}s editors stress the independence and impartiality of their reporters.<ref name="Crovitz" /> According to CNN in 2007, the ''Journal''<nowiki/>'s "newsroom staff has a reputation for non-partisan reporting."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2007/07/31/news/companies/dowjones_newscorp/|title=News Corp.-Dow Jones finally a done deal - Aug. 1, 2007|website=money.cnn.com|access-date=January 1, 2019}}</ref> Ben Smith of the ''New York Times'' described the ''Journal''<nowiki/>'s news reporting as "small-c [conservative]", and noted that its readership leans further to the right than other major newspapers.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Smith|first=Ben|title=Trump Had One Last Story to Sell. The Wall Street Journal Wouldn't Buy It. |work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/25/business/media/hunter-biden-wall-street-journal-trump.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025224009/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/25/business/media/hunter-biden-wall-street-journal-trump.html |archive-date=2020-10-25 |url-access=limited |url-status=live|access-date=October 26, 2020|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

In a 2004 study, Tim Groseclose and [[Jeffrey Milyo]] argue the ''Journal''{{'s}} news pages have a pro-liberal bias because they more often quote liberal think tanks. They calculated the ideological attitude of news reports in 20 media outlets by counting the frequency they cited particular [[think tank]]s and comparing that to the frequency that legislators cited the same think tanks. They found that the news reporting of the ''Journal'' was the most liberal (more liberal than [[NPR]] or ''[[The New York Times]]''). The study did not factor in editorials.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Groseclose |first1=T. |last2=Milyo |first2=J. |doi=10.1162/003355305775097542 |title=A Measure of Media Bias |journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics |volume=120 |issue=4 |page=1191 |year=2005 |doi-access=free }}</ref> [[Mark Liberman]] criticized the model used to calculate bias in the study and argued that the model unequally affected liberals and conservatives and that "the model starts with a very peculiar assumption about the relationship between political opinion and the choice of authorities to cite." The authors assume that "think tank ideology ... only matters to liberals."<ref>{{cite web| last=Liberman| first=Mark| title=Linguistics, Politics, Mathematics| publisher=Language Log| date=December 22, 2005| url=http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/002723.html| access-date=November 6, 2006| url-status=live| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060910105642/http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/002723.html| archive-date=September 10, 2006| df=mdy-all}}</ref>

The company's planned and eventual acquisition by [[News Corp]] in 2007 led to significant media criticism and discussion
about whether the news pages would exhibit a rightward slant under [[Rupert Murdoch]].<ref>{{cite news| last = Shafer | first = Jack| title = The Murdoch Street Journal| work = Slate| date = May 7, 2007| url = https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2007/05/the-murdoch-street-journal-not-for-me-thanks.html| access-date = September 7, 2008| url-status = live| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080918203139/http://www.slate.com/id/2165749/| archive-date = September 18, 2008| df = mdy-all}}</ref> An August 1, 2007 editorial responded to the questions by asserting that Murdoch intended to "maintain the values and integrity of the ''Journal''".<ref>
{{cite news| title = A New Owner| work = The Wall Street Journal| date = August 1, 2007| url = http://www.opinionjournal.com/extra/?id=110010409| access-date = September 7, 2008| url-status = live| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090625154530/http://www.opinionjournal.com/extra/?id=110010409| archive-date = June 25, 2009| df = mdy-all}}</ref>

====During Trump presidency====
In 2016 and 2017, the ''Journal'' leadership under Baker came under fire from critics, both from the outside and from within the newsroom, who viewed the paper's coverage of President [[Donald Trump]] as too timid.<ref name="Ember">{{cite news |last1=Ember |first1=Sydney |title=Top Wall Street Journal Editor Defends Trump Coverage |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/13/business/media/wall-street-journal-wsj2020.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213210535/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/13/business/media/wall-street-journal-wsj2020.html |archive-date=2017-02-13 |url-access=limited|url-status=live |access-date=July 14, 2020 |newspaper=The New York Times }}</ref> Particularly controversial was the ''Journal''{{'}}s November 2016 front-page headline that repeated Trump's false claim that "millions of people" had voted illegally in the [[United States elections, 2016|election]], only noting that the statement was "without corroboration".<ref name="Ember"/>

Also controversial was a January 2017 note from Baker to ''Journal'' editors, directing them to avoid using the phrase "seven majority-Muslim countries" when writing about [[Executive Order 13769|Trump's executive order on travel and immigration]]; Baker later sent a follow-up note "clarifying that there was 'no ban'" on the phrase, "but that the publication should 'always be careful that this term is not offered as the only description of the countries covered under the ban.'"<ref name="Ember"/>

At a town-hall-style meeting with Journal staff in February 2017, Baker defended the paper's coverage, saying that it was objective and protected the paper from being "dragged into the political process" through a dispute with the Trump administration.<ref name="Ember"/>

A 2018 survey conducted by [[Gallup (company)|Gallup]] and the [[Knight Foundation]] found that ''The Wall Street Journal'' was considered the third most-accurate and fourth most-unbiased news organization among the general public, tenth among [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]], and second among [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicans]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Perceived accuracy and bias in the news media|url=https://knightfoundation.org/reports/perceived-accuracy-and-bias-in-the-news-media/|author1=[[Gallup (company)|Gallup]]|author2=[[Knight Foundation]]|access-date=November 23, 2021}}</ref>

On February 19, 2020, China announced the revoking of the press credentials of three ''Wall Street Journal'' reporters based in Beijing. China accused the paper of failing to apologize for publishing articles that criticized China's efforts to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, and failing to investigate and punish those responsible.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wen |first1=Xin |title=China revokes the press credentials of three Wall Street Journal reporters based in Beijing |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2020-02/19/c_1125597355.htm |access-date=October 3, 2020|website=Xinhua News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004061339/http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2020-02/19/c_1125597355.htm| archive-date=October 3, 2020}}</ref>

In June 2020, following the [[murder of George Floyd]] and [[George Floyd protests|subsequent protests]], journalists at the ''Journal'' sent a letter to editor in chief [[Matt Murray (journalist)|Matt Murray]] demanding changes to the way the paper covers race, policing and finance. The reporters stated that they "frequently meet resistance when trying to reflect the accounts and voices of workers, residents or customers, with some editors voicing heightened skepticism of those sources' credibility compared with executives, government officials or other entities".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Tracy |first1=Marc |title=Wall Street Journal Staff Members Push for Big Changes in News Coverage |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/10/business/media/wall-street-journal-staff.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711004014/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/10/business/media/wall-street-journal-staff.html |archive-date=2020-07-11 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |access-date=July 14, 2020 |work=The New York Times }}</ref>

==Notable stories and Pulitzer Prizes==
The ''Journal'' has won 38 [[Pulitzer Prize]]s in its history. Staff journalists who led some of the newspaper's best-known coverage teams have later published books that summarized and extended their reporting.

===1987: RJR Nabisco buyout===
In 1987, a bidding war ensued between several financial firms for tobacco and food giant [[RJR Nabisco]]. Bryan Burrough and John Helyar documented the events in more than two dozen ''Journal'' articles. Burrough and Helyar later used these articles as the basis of a bestselling book, ''[[Barbarians at the Gate: The Fall of RJR Nabisco]]'', which was turned into a [[Barbarians at the Gate (film)|film]] for HBO.<ref>{{IMDb title|id=0106356|title=Barbarians at the Gate}}</ref>

===1988: Insider trading===
In the 1980s, then-''Journal'' reporter [[James B. Stewart]] brought national attention to the illegal practice of [[insider trading]]. He was awarded the [[Pulitzer Prize]] in explanatory journalism in 1988, which he shared with [[Daniel Hertzberg]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/cgi-bin/year.pl?type=w&year=1988&FormsButton2=Retrieve|title=The Pulitzer Prizes|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925063457/http://www.pulitzer.org/cgi-bin/year.pl?type=w&year=1988&FormsButton2=Retrieve|archive-date=September 25, 2006}}</ref> who went on to serve as the paper's senior deputy managing editor before resigning in 2009. Stewart expanded on this theme in his 1991 book, ''[[Den of Thieves (Stewart book)|Den of Thieves]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Den of Thieves |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/james-b-stewart/den-of-thieves/ |access-date=August 3, 2022 |website=Kirkus Reviews}}</ref>

===1997: AIDS treatment===
David Sanford, a Page One features editor who was infected with [[HIV]] in 1982 in a bathhouse, wrote a front-page personal account of how, with the assistance of improved treatments for HIV, he went from planning his death to planning his retirement.<ref>Sanford, David. "[http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1997/national-reporting/works/7.html Back to the Future: One Man's AIDS Tale Shows How Quickly Epidemic Has Turned] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630113448/http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1997/national-reporting/works/7.html }}". ''The Wall Street Journal'' (New York), November 8, 1997.</ref> He and six other reporters wrote about the new treatments, political and economic issues, and won the 1997 [[Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting]] about [[HIV/AIDS|AIDS]].<ref>[http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1997/national-reporting/works/ Pulitzer Prize Winners: 1997 – National Reporting], retrieved August 8, 2007. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070711062822/http://www.pulitzer.org/year/1997/national-reporting/works/ }}</ref>

===2000: Enron===
[[Jonathan Weil]], a reporter at the Dallas bureau of ''The Wall Street Journal'', is credited with first breaking the story of financial abuses at [[Enron]] in September 2000.<ref>Gladwell, Malcolm. "[https://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/01/08/070108fa_fact_gladwell?currentPage=2 Open Secrets] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929153018/http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/01/08/070108fa_fact_gladwell?currentPage=2 }}". ''The New Yorker'', January 8, 2007.</ref> [[Rebecca Smith (journalist)|Rebecca Smith]] and [[John R. Emshwiller]] reported on the story regularly,<ref>[http://www.usdoj.gov/enron/exhibit/03-08/BBC-0001/Images/EXH023-00201.PDF Enron CFO's Partnership Had Millions in Profit] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060823080958/http://www.usdoj.gov/enron/exhibit/03-08/BBC-0001/Images/EXH023-00201.PDF }}, ''The Wall Street Journal'' (New York), October 19, 2001. Retrieved August 19, 2006. (PDF).</ref> and wrote a book, ''24 Days''. In October 2021, the ''Journal'' released Bad Bets, a podcast that recounted the papers reporting on Enron.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Introducing: Bad Bets – Bad Bets – WSJ Podcasts|url=https://www.wsj.com/podcasts/bad-bets/introducing-bad-bets/d26a97c0-79f4-4d71-9378-f8b486f7b6e5|access-date=2021-12-07|website=The Wall Street Journal|language=en}}</ref>

===2001: 9/11===
The ''Journal'' claims to have sent the first news report, on the Dow Jones wire, of a plane crashing into the [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]] on [[September 11 attacks|September 11, 2001]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mediaweek.co.uk/news/662527/Raymond-Snoddy-Media-Logic-says-WSJ-safe-Murdoch/ |title=Raymond Snoddy on Media: Logic says WSJ is safe with Murdoch |publisher=Mediaweek.co.uk |access-date=June 5, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121222143923/http://mediaweek.co.uk/news/662527/Raymond-Snoddy-Media-Logic-says-WSJ-safe-Murdoch/ |archive-date=December 22, 2012 }}</ref> Its headquarters, at [[One World Financial Center]], was severely damaged by the collapse of the World Trade Center just across the street.<ref name="The Eye of the Storm">Bussey, John. "[http://www.pulitzer.org/archives/6536 The Eye of the Storm: One Journey Through Desperation and Chaos] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511142246/http://www.pulitzer.org/archives/6536 }}". ''The Wall Street Journal'', page A1, September 12, 2001. Retrieved August 8, 2007.</ref> Top editors worried that they might miss publishing the first issue for the first time in the paper's 112-year history. They relocated to a makeshift office at an editor's home, while sending most of the staff to Dow Jones's [[South Brunswick Township, New Jersey]], corporate campus, where the paper had established emergency editorial facilities soon after the [[1993 World Trade Center bombing]]. The paper was on the stands the next day, albeit in scaled-down form. Perhaps the most compelling story in that day's edition was a first-hand account of the Twin Towers' collapse written by then-Foreign Editor John Bussey,<ref name="The Eye of the Storm"/> who holed up in a ninth-floor Journal office, literally in the shadow of the towers, from where he phoned in live reports to [[CNBC]] as the towers burned. He narrowly escaped serious injury when the first tower collapsed, shattering all the windows in the ''Journal''{{'s}} offices and filling them with dust and debris. The ''Journal'' won a [[2002 Pulitzer Prize]] in [[Pulitzer Prize for Breaking News Reporting|Breaking News Reporting]] for that day's stories.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/works/2002-Breaking-News-Reporting|title=The Pulitzer Prizes – Works|work=pulitzer.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230004601/http://www.pulitzer.org/works/2002-Breaking-News-Reporting|archive-date=December 30, 2010}}</ref>

The ''Journal'' subsequently conducted a worldwide investigation of the causes and significance of 9/11, using contacts it had developed while covering business in the Arab world. In [[Kabul, Afghanistan]], a reporter from ''The Wall Street Journal'' bought a pair of looted computers that [[Al Qaeda]] leaders had used to plan assassinations, chemical and biological attacks, and mundane daily activities. The encrypted files were decrypted and translated.<ref>Cullison, Alan, and Andrew Higgins. "Forgotten Computer Reveals Thinking Behind Four Years of Al Qaeda Doings". ''The Wall Street Journal'' (New York), December 31, 2001.</ref> It was during this coverage that terrorists kidnapped and killed ''Journal'' reporter [[Daniel Pearl]].

===2007: Stock option scandal===
In 2007, the paper won the [[Pulitzer Prize for Public Service]], with its iconic gold medal,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/theMedal|title=The Pulitzer Prizes – The Medal|author=|website=The Pulitzer Prizes|access-date=October 29, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131027094433/http://www.pulitzer.org/theMedal|archive-date=October 27, 2013}}</ref> for exposing companies that illegally [[Options backdating|backdate stock options]] they awarded executives to increase their value.

===2008: Bear Stearns fall===
Kate Kelly wrote a three-part series that detailed events that led to the collapse of [[Bear Stearns]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kelly |first1=Kate |title=Lost Opportunities Haunt Final Days of Bear Stearns |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121184521826521301 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=August 1, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kelly |first1=Kate |title=Fear, Rumors Touched Off Fatal Run on Bear Stearns |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121193290927324603 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=August 1, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kelly |first1=Kate |title=Bear Stearns Neared Collapse Twice in Frenzied Last Days |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121202057232127889 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=August 1, 2019 }}</ref>

===2010: McDonald's health care===
A report<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ademy |first=Janet |title=McDonald's May Drop Health Plan |url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703431604575522413101063070.html |work=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=September 30, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101004012540/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703431604575522413101063070.html |archive-date=October 4, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> published on September 30, 2010, detailing allegations [[McDonald's]] had plans to drop health coverage for hourly employees drew criticism from McDonald's as well as the Obama administration. ''The Wall Street Journal'' reported the plan to drop coverage stemmed from new health care requirements under the [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act]]. McDonald's called the report "speculative and misleading", stating they had no plans to drop coverage.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Arnall |first=Daniel |title=McDonald's Fights Back Against Report It Will Drop Health Care Plan |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/HealthCare/mcdonalds-fights-back-report-drop-health-care-plan/story?id=11764596 |work=ABC News |access-date=September 30, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101002092723/http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/HealthCare/mcdonalds-fights-back-report-drop-health-care-plan/story?id=11764596 |archive-date=October 2, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> ''The Wall Street Journal'' report and subsequent rebuttal received coverage from several other media outlets.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Fulton |first=April |title=McDonald's threatens to cut skimpy health plans |url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2010/09/30/130239354/media-takes-note-when-mcdonalds-threatens-to-cut-skimpy-health-plans |publisher=National Public Radio |access-date=September 30, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101001201020/http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2010/09/30/130239354/media-takes-note-when-mcdonalds-threatens-to-cut-skimpy-health-plans |archive-date=October 1, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Pequent |first=Julian |title=Health secretary says McDonald's not dropping health plans |url=http://thehill.com/blogs/healthwatch/health-reform-implementation/121875-sebelius-denies-story-of-mcdonalds-dropping-coverage |newspaper=The Hill |access-date=September 30, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101003084820/http://thehill.com/blogs/healthwatch/health-reform-implementation/121875-sebelius-denies-story-of-mcdonalds-dropping-coverage |archive-date=October 3, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Weisenthal |first=Joe |title=The WSJ's Demonization Of Obamacare Hits New Low With Article On McDonald's Dropping Coverage |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/the-wsjs-demonization-of-obamacare-hits-pathetic-low-with-article-on-mcdonalds-dropping-coverage-2010-9 |website=Business Insider |access-date=September 30, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101002202237/http://www.businessinsider.com/the-wsjs-demonization-of-obamacare-hits-pathetic-low-with-article-on-mcdonalds-dropping-coverage-2010-9 |archive-date=October 2, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

===2015: Malaysia Prime Minister Najib Razak and 1MDB===
In 2015, a report<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/malaysia-authorities-order-six-bank-accounts-frozen-tied-to-probe-of-alleged-transfers-to-prime-minister-najib-1436253593|title=Malaysia Orders Freeze of Accounts Tied to Probe of Alleged Transfers to Prime Minister Najib|first=Jason|last=Ng|work=The Wall Street Journal|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423062859/https://www.wsj.com/articles/malaysia-authorities-order-six-bank-accounts-frozen-tied-to-probe-of-alleged-transfers-to-prime-minister-najib-1436253593|archive-date=April 23, 2017}}</ref> published by ''The Journal'' alleged that up to US$700 million was wired from [[1MDB]], a Malaysian state investment company, to the personal accounts of Malaysia Prime Minister [[Najib Razak]] at [[AmBank]], the fifth largest lender in Malaysia. Razak responded by threatening to sue the New York-based newspaper. The Journal's reporting on the [[1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal|1MDB scandal]] was a finalist for the 2016 Pulitzer Prize in international reporting.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Finalist: Tom Wright, Bradley Hope, Simon Clark, Mia Lamar and James Hookway of ''The Wall Street Journal'' |url=https://www.pulitzer.org/finalists/tom-wright-bradley-hope-simon-clark-mia-lamar-and-james-hookway |access-date=August 3, 2022 |website=The Pulitzer Prizes |language=en}}</ref>

The report prompted some governmental agencies in Malaysia to conduct an investigation into the allegation. On July 28, 2020, Najib Razak was found guilty on seven charges in the 1MDB scandal. He was sentenced to 12 years in prison.<ref>{{cite news |title=Najib Razak: Malaysian ex-PM gets 12-year jail term in 1MDB corruption trial |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53563065 |work=BBC News }}</ref>

===2015–present: Theranos investigation===
In 2015, a report written by the ''Journal''{{'s}} [[John Carreyrou]] alleged that blood testing company [[Theranos]]' technology was faulty and founder [[Elizabeth Holmes]] was misleading investors.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901|title=Hot Startup Theranos Has Struggled With Its Blood-Test Technology|last=Carreyrou|first=John|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=April 22, 2017|issn=0099-9660|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421220545/https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901|archive-date=April 21, 2017}}</ref><ref name="Bilton">{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2016/09/elizabeth-holmes-theranos-exclusive|title=Exclusive: How Elizabeth Holmes's House of Cards Came Tumbling Down|last=Bilton|first=Nick|work=The Hive|access-date=April 22, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410172642/http://www.vanityfair.com/news/2016/09/elizabeth-holmes-theranos-exclusive|archive-date=April 10, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://fortune.com/2015/10/15/theranos-elizabeth-holmes-wsj/|title=Are The Wall Street Journal's Allegations About Theranos True|website=Fortune|access-date=April 22, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111090439/http://fortune.com/2015/10/15/theranos-elizabeth-holmes-wsj/|archive-date=January 11, 2017}}</ref> According to ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'', "a damning report published in ''The Wall Street Journal'' had alleged that the company was, in effect, a sham—that its vaunted core technology was actually faulty and that Theranos administered almost all of its blood tests using competitors' equipment."<ref name="Bilton"/> The ''Journal'' has subsequently published several more reports questioning Theranos' and Holmes' credibility.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/second-theranos-lab-failed-u-s-inspection-1484708428|title=Second Theranos Lab Failed U.S. Inspection|last1=Weaver|first1=Christopher|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=April 22, 2017|last2=Carreyrou|first2=John|issn=0099-9660|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421122207/https://www.wsj.com/articles/second-theranos-lab-failed-u-s-inspection-1484708428|archive-date=April 21, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-secretly-bought-outside-lab-gear-ran-fake-tests-court-filings-1492794470|title=Theranos Secretly Bought Outside Lab Gear, Ran Fake Tests: Court Filings|last=Weaver|first=Christopher|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=April 22, 2017|issn=0099-9660|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421221930/https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-secretly-bought-outside-lab-gear-ran-fake-tests-court-filings-1492794470|archive-date=April 21, 2017}}</ref> In May 2018, Carreyrou released a book about Theranos, ''[[Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup|Bad Blood]]'', which met with critical success (and was compared to Stewart's ''Den of Thieves<ref name="Harry">{{cite journal |last1=Harry |first1=Charles |title=Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup |journal=Library Journal |volume=143 |issue=11 |pages=78–83}}</ref>''). The following month, the [[United States Attorney for the Northern District of California|U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of California]] announced the indictment of Holmes on [[wire fraud]] and conspiracy charges in relation to her role as CEO of Theranos.<ref>{{cite web |last1=O'Brien |first1=Sarah Ashley |title=Elizabeth Holmes indicted on wire fraud charges, steps down from Theranos |url=https://money.cnn.com/2018/06/15/technology/elizabeth-holmes-indicted-theranos/index.html |website=CNN |access-date=June 15, 2018}}</ref> Holmes was [[United States v. Elizabeth A. Holmes, et al.|found guilty on four of the eleven original charges]] in January 2022.<ref name="griffith">{{cite web |last1=Griffith |first1=Erin |last2=Woo |first2=Erin |title=Elizabeth Holmes Found Guilty of Four Charges of Fraud |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/01/03/technology/elizabeth-holmes-trial-verdict |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220104002329/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/01/03/technology/elizabeth-holmes-trial-verdict |archive-date=January 4, 2022 |access-date=2022-01-04 |website=The New York Times}}</ref>

[[Rupert Murdoch]]—at the time a major investor in Theranos and owner of the ''Journal''—lost approximately $100 million in his investments in Theranos.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/nov/29/rupert-murdoch-theranos-investment-wall-street-journal|title=Rupert Murdoch set to lose $100m Theranos investment e|website=The Guardian|access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref>

===2018–present: Investigation into Stormy Daniels payment===
On January 12, 2018, [[Michael Rothfeld]] and Joe Palazzolo reported in ''The Wall Street Journal'' that during the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 presidential campaign]], then-candidate [[Donald Trump]]'s personal lawyer, [[Michael Cohen (lawyer)|Michael Cohen]] coordinated a $130,000 payment to [[Stormy Daniels]] for her silence regarding an alleged affair. In subsequent reports, the method of payment and many other details were extensively covered. In April of that year, [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] agents stormed Cohen's home, seizing records related to the transaction.<ref>{{cite news |title=Timeline of the Donald Trump-Stormy Daniels Saga |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/timeline-of-the-donald-trump-stormy-daniels-saga-1525373930 |access-date=April 8, 2019 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal }}</ref> On August 21, 2018, Cohen pleaded guilty to eight counts including campaign finance violations in connection with the Daniels payment.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mangan |first1=Dan |title=Trump's ex-lawyer and fixer Michael Cohen sentenced to 3 years in prison after admitting 'blind loyalty' led him to cover up president's 'dirty deeds' |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/12/12/trumps-ex-lawyer-and-fixer-michael-cohen-sentenced-to-3-years.html |access-date=April 8, 2019 |publisher=CNBC }}</ref> The coverage earned the ''Journal'' the 2019 [[Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Grynbaum |first1=Michael M. |title=Pulitzer Prizes Focus on Coverage of Trump Finances and Parkland Shooting |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/15/business/media/pulitzer-prizes.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415194445/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/15/business/media/pulitzer-prizes.html |archive-date=2019-04-15 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |access-date=April 16, 2019 |newspaper=The New York Times }}</ref>
==See also==
{{Portal|Journalism|New York City}}
* [[William Peter Hamilton]]
* ''[[The Economic Times]]''
* ''[[Far Eastern Economic Review]]''
* ''[[Index of Economic Freedom]]'' – an annual report published by the ''Journal'' together with [[The Heritage Foundation]]
* [[Lucky duckies]]
* [[Media in New York City]]
* ''[[On the Money (2013 TV series)]]'' – the current title of a CNBC-produced program known as ''The Wall Street Journal Report'' from 1970 until the CNBC/Dow Jones split in January 2013.
*''[[The Wall Street Journal Special Editions]]''
* [[Wall Street Journal Radio Network]]
* [[Worth Bingham Prize]]
* [[Billion Dollar Whale (book)|Billion dollar whale]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em|refs=


}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin|30em}}
*{{cite book | last1 = Dealy | first1 = Francis X. | date = 1993-06-01 |chapter = | chapter-url = | chapter-url-access = | title = The Power and the Money: Inside the Wall Street Journal | url = https://archive.org/details/powermoneyinside00deal | url-access = registration | language = en | edition = 1st | publisher = [[Carol Publishing Group|Birch Lane Press]] | isbn = 978-1559721189 | lccn = 92035893 | oclc = 468517852 | ol = OL1731385M | access-date = | via = [[Internet Archive]] | quote = | quote-page = | df = dmy-all}}
* Douai, Aziz, and Terry Wu. "News as business: the global financial crisis and Occupy movement in the Wall Street Journal". ''Journal of International Communication'' 20.2 (2014): 148–167.
* Merrill, John C., and Harold A. Fisher. ''The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers'' (1980), pp. 338–41.
* Rosenberg, Jerry M. ''Inside The Wall Street Journal: The History and the Power of Dow Jones & Company and America's Most Influential Newspaper'' (1982) [https://www.questia.com/library/98720012/inside-the-wall-street-journal-the-history-and-the online]
* Sakurai, Takuya. "Framing a Trade Policy: An Analysis of The Wall Street Journal Coverage of Super 301". ''Intercultural Communication Studies'' 24.3 (2015). [https://web.uri.edu/iaics/files/Takuya-Sakurai.pdf online]
* Steinbock, Dan. "Building dynamic capabilities: The Wall Street Journal interactive edition: A successful online subscription model (1993–2000)". ''International Journal on Media Management'' 2.3-4 (2000): 178–194.
* Yarrow, Andrew L. "The big postwar story: Abundance and the rise of economic journalism". ''Journalism History'' 32.2 (2006): 58+ [http://www.publicagenda.com/files/The_Big_Postwar_Story_final%20_Journalism_History_article.pdf online] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20181113022641/http://www.publicagenda.com/files/The_Big_Postwar_Story_final%20_Journalism_History_article.pdf }}
{{refend}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|https://www.wsj.com/|mobile=http://m.wsj.com/}}
** [https://blogs.wsj.com/ ''The Wall Street Journal'' blogs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221160823/http://blogs.wsj.com/ }}
**[http://www.opinionjournal.com/ OpinionJournal] website (redirector)
**[https://online.wsj.com/public/page/news-opinion-commentary.html Opinion & Commentary section] of the WSJ website
**[http://www.opinionjournal.com/politicaldiary/ ''Political Diary''] (paid subscription required)
**[https://www.wsj.com/market-data/bonds/moneyrates Money Rates including Prime Rate]
*[https://online.wsj.com/articles/about-us-1384185904?tesla=y ''The Wall Street Journal'' editorial board]
*[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118591182345183718.html "It all began in the basement of a candy story"], by Cynthia Crossen, ''The Wall Street Journal'', July 31, 2007
*[http://irishamerica.com/2010/08/the-pioneer-of-wall-street-john-j-kiernan/ ''The Pioneer of Wall Street: John J. Kiernan''] at Irish America

{{Navboxes|title=Articles and topics related to ''Wall Street Journal''
|list1=
{{White House James S. Brady Press Briefing Room seating chart}}
{{Dow Jones}}
{{PulitzerPrize BreakingNews 2001–2025}}
{{PulitzerPrize Explanatory Reporting}}
{{PulitzerPrize International Reporting}}
{{PulitzerPrize Investigative Reporting}}
{{PulitzerPrize National Reporting}}
{{PulitzerPrize PublicService 2001–2025}}
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Wall Street Journal, The}}
[[Category:The Wall Street Journal| ]]
[[Category:1889 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:Business newspapers published in the United States]]
[[Category:Daily newspapers published in New York City]]
[[Category:Dow Jones & Company]]
[[Category:Financial data vendors]]
[[Category:National newspapers published in the United States]]
[[Category:Newspapers established in 1889]]
[[Category:Financial services companies established in 1889]]
[[Category:Pulitzer Prize-winning newspapers]]
[[Category:Pulitzer Prize for Public Service winners]]
[[Category:Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting winners]]
[[Category:Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting winners]]
[[Category:Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Journalism winners]]
[[Category:Podcasting companies]]