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Vishwasrao Chowgule

2026-09-07T07:06:55Z

Simba: Created page with "{{Short description|Indian industrialist (1915–2008)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}} {{Infobox person | name = Vishwasrao Chowgule | image = Vishwasrao Chowgule.jpg | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1915|8|24|df=y}} | death_date = {{Death date and age|2008|10|4|1915|8|24|df=y}} | birth_place = Haldi, Kolhapur, Kolhapur State, British India | death_place = Vasco d..."

{{Short description|Indian industrialist (1915–2008)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Vishwasrao Chowgule
| image = Vishwasrao Chowgule.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1915|8|24|df=y}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2008|10|4|1915|8|24|df=y}}
| birth_place = Haldi, [[Kolhapur]], [[Kolhapur State]], British India
| death_place = [[Vasco da Gama, Goa]], India
| other_names =
| spouse =
| children = 6
| occupation = Businessman
| years_active =
| known_for = Expansion of Chowgule Brothers into mining
| movement =
| alma_mater =
}}

'''Vishwasrao Chowgule''' (24 August 1915 – 4 October 2008) was an Indian industrialist and mining executive from [[Goa]]. He is recognized as a prominent mine owner and entrepreneur who expanded his family's enterprise, Chowgule Brothers, into a large diversified conglomerate. In 1976, the [[Government of India]] officially declared him the wealthiest person in India based on wealth tax statistics.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999">{{cite wikisource |editor-first1=Tanaji |editor-last1=Halarnkar |editor-link1=Tanaji Halarnkar |others= |title=Konkani Vishwakosh |trans-title=Konkani Encyclopaedia |wslink=Page:Konkani Viswakosh Vol1.pdf/793 |type= |edition= |series= |pages=793-794 |volume=1 |year=1999 |publisher=[[Goa University]] |location=Goa |language=gom |wslanguage=gom }}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Vishwasrao Chowgule was born on 24 August 1915 in Haldi, [[Kolhapur]], into a middle-class family. He received his primary education at Mission High School and later completed his matriculation examination at Beynon Smith High School in [[Belgaum]]. He subsequently enrolled at Karnataka College in [[Dharwad]] for higher studies; however, due to financial hardships at home, he was forced to discontinue his college education midway.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />

==Career==
===Early career and World War II===
Chowgule began his professional career as a clerk at Lionel Edwards and Company in [[Mormugao]], where he worked for six months and gained initial experience in the shipping and export industries. He then entered the clearing and forwarding trade by joining a firm called Mormugao Agents. Following this, he joined his family's business, Chowgule Brothers, which was involved in cargo loading and unloading, shipping agencies, Protection and Indemnity (P&I) clubs, and import-export operations.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />

With the outbreak of [[World War II]] in 1939, Mormugao port emerged as a critical hub for exporting wartime materials. Chowgule capitalized on this by exporting commodities such as teak wood, bamboo, and coconut oil. He also procured substantial quantities of goods from [[Lisbon]] to distribute to various countries.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />

===Post-independence and mining expansion===
Following the [[Indian Independence Day|independence of India]] on 15 August 1947, Chowgule's company expanded its mining exports, sending 1,500 tons of manganese ore to [[Czechoslovakia]] in 1947 and 9,000 tons of iron ore to [[Japan]] in 1950. He successfully negotiated business deals with Japanese steel mills, securing buyers for Goan iron ore and stimulating the region's mining sector.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" /><ref name="NT08" />

During this period, Chowgule secured financial assistance from Japanese steel corporations to establish a mechanized ore handling plant at Mormugao, which was the first facility of its kind in the Eastern world. His economic assessments also led to the introduction of mechanized barges to transport iron ore from inland mines to nearby rivers, significantly advancing the local barge industry.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />

===Post-liberation and diversification===
After the [[Liberation of Goa]] in 1961, Chowgule ventured into multiple new industries. He established several enterprises, including Chowgule Steamships, Mandovi Pellets, Konkan Fisheries, Karnataka Explosives, Alembi va Reez, Chowgule Shipyard, and Narmada Cement. The Chowgule Group eventually expanded its operations across various Indian states, including Goa, [[Maharashtra]], [[Karnataka]], [[Gujarat]], [[Tamil Nadu]], and [[Odisha]].<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />

Chowgule constructed a large-scale pelletization plant in Shiroda, which was the first in India and the third largest in the world within the iron ore industry. However, the facility was forced to shut down after its financial viability was severely impacted by the [[1970s energy crisis]].<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />

===Leadership roles===
Chowgule served as the president of the [[Goa Chamber of Commerce and Industry]] for four consecutive years, during which he introduced new operational directions for the organization. Additionally, he served as the president of the All India Shipping Council.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />

== Personal life ==
Chowgule had six children: three sons, Vijay, Ashok and Umaji, and three daughters, Sarita, Rohini and Padma.<ref name="NT08" />

==Death==
Chowgule died on 4 October 2008 after a brief illness at his residence in Baina, [[Vasco da Gama, Goa]].<ref name="NT08">{{cite news |title=Vishwasrao Chowgule is no more |url=http://www.navhindtimes.com/story.php?story=2008100511 |access-date=12 June 2026 |work=[[The Navhind Times]] |date=5 September 2008 |language=en}}</ref>

==Philanthropy and media==
Chowgule founded several public welfare and educational institutions, including the Parvatibai Chowgule College in [[Margao]], the St. Joseph's Institute in [[Vasco da Gama, Goa|Vasco]], and the Chowgule Hospital. On 26 January 1962, he launched ''Gomantak'', a Marathi daily newspaper that achieved the highest circulation in Goa.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />

==Awards and recognition==
* In 1953, the [[Portugal|Portuguese government]] conferred an honorary title of distinction (''Sardarki'') upon Chowgule for his efforts in mechanizing the Sirigao iron mine.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />
* In 1959, the Portuguese government honored him with the title of "Commander" in recognition of his contributions to the mining sector.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />
* In 1976, he was declared the wealthiest individual in India by the Government of India.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />
* During the silver jubilee celebrations of Goa's liberation, he was formally felicitated by the Government of Goa at the hands of the former [[President of India]], [[Giani Zail Singh]].<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />
* On 25 August 1991, his 75th birthday (''Amrit Mahotsav'') was celebrated with a major public event.<ref name="Vishwakosh1999" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chowgule, Vishwasrao}}

[[Category:1915 births]]
[[Category:2008 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Vasco da Gama, Goa]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Goa]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian businesspeople]]

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2026-09-07T07:05:26Z

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2026-09-07T07:05:08Z

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2026-09-07T07:04:21Z

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2026-09-07T07:04:01Z

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#: '''Outcome''': {{Cricinfo 2|trophy-rec|id=indian-premier-league-117|rec=most dismissals in a series|event=Indian Premier League|access-date=20 May 2026|dynamic=y}}

=== Archived citations ===
# <nowiki>{{Cricinfo 2|trophy-rec|id=the-ashes-1|rec=series results|event=The Ashes|access-date=20 May 2026|dynamic=n|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250210041833/https://www.Cricinfo.com/records/trophy/team-series-results/the-ashes-1|archive-date=10 February 2025}}</nowiki>
#: '''Outcome''': {{Cricinfo 2|trophy-rec|id=the-ashes-1|rec=series results|event=The Ashes|access-date=20 May 2026|dynamic=n|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250210041833/https://www.Cricinfo.com/records/trophy/team-series-results/the-ashes-1|archive-date=10 February 2025}}
# <nowiki>{{Cricinfo 2|trophy-rec|id=icc-world-test-championship-804|rec=list of 5wi|event=World Test Championship|access-date=20 May 2026|dynamic=n|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617091009/https://www.Cricinfo.com/records/trophy/bowling-list-5wi/icc-world-test-championship-804|archive-date=17 June 2023}}</nowiki>
#: '''Outcome''': {{Cricinfo 2|trophy-rec|id=icc-world-test-championship-804|rec=list of 5wi|event=World Test Championship|access-date=20 May 2026|dynamic=n|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617091009/https://www.Cricinfo.com/records/trophy/bowling-list-5wi/icc-world-test-championship-804|archive-date=17 June 2023}}
# <nowiki>{{Cricinfo 2|trophy-rec|id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89|rec=list of centuries|event=Men's T20 World Cup|access-date=20 May 2026|dynamic=n|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127214455/https://www.Cricinfo.com/records/trophy/batting-list-hundreds/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89|archive-date=27 November 2024}}</nowiki>
#: '''Outcome''': {{Cricinfo 2|trophy-rec|id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89|rec=list of centuries|event=Men's T20 World Cup|access-date=20 May 2026|dynamic=n|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127214455/https://www.Cricinfo.com/records/trophy/batting-list-hundreds/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89|archive-date=27 November 2024}}
# <nowiki>{{Cricinfo 2|trophy-rec|id=indian-premier-league-117|rec=most dismissals in a series|event=Indian Premier League|access-date=20 May 2026|dynamic=n|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241219024831/https://www.Cricinfo.com/records/trophy/keeping-most-dismissals-series/indian-premier-league-117|archive-date=19 December 2024}}</nowiki>
#: '''Outcome''': {{Cricinfo 2|trophy-rec|id=indian-premier-league-117|rec=most dismissals in a series|event=Indian Premier League|access-date=20 May 2026|dynamic=n|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241219024831/https://www.Cricinfo.com/records/trophy/keeping-most-dismissals-series/indian-premier-league-117|archive-date=19 December 2024}}
}}

== Tracking categories ==
{{further|Template:Cricinfo 2#Tracking categories}}
* [[:Category:Pages using the Cricinfo template with trophy-rec function]]
** [[:Category:Pages using the Cricinfo template trophy-rec function with errors]]

[[Category:Cricinfo template|trophy-rec]]
}}</noinclude>

Template:Cricinfo 2

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| #default={{Error|Please specify a supported function (see [[Template:Cricinfo 2#Functions and examples|instructions]]).[[Category:Pages using the Cricinfo template with errors]]}}
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| tournament-r | tournament = {{#ifeq:{{{stat|}}}||{{Cricinfo 2/tournament | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | event={{{event|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} records | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}|{{Preview warning|This configuration of the [[Template:Cricinfo 2]] will be deprecated soon, please update the template configuration (see [[Template:Cricinfo 2#stat|instructions]]).}}[[Category:Pages using the Cricinfo template with deprecated configuration]]}}
| tournament-rec = {{Cricinfo 2/tournament-rec | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | rec={{{rec|}}} | event={{{event|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
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| trophy-rec = {{Cricinfo 2/trophy-rec | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | rec={{{rec|}}} | event={{{event|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
| player | cricketer | players | cricketers = {{Cricinfo 2/cricketer | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | name={{{name|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
| player-sub | cricketer-sub | players-sub | cricketers-sub = {{Cricinfo 2/cricketer-sub | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | sub={{{sub|}}} | name={{{name|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
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| franchise-r | team-r = {{Cricinfo 2/team-r | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | name={{{name|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} records | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
| franchise-rec | team-rec = {{Cricinfo 2/team-rec | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | rec={{{rec|}}} | format={{{format|}}} | name={{{name|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
| venues | grounds | venue | ground | cricket-venues | cricket-grounds | cricket-venue | cricket-ground = {{Cricinfo 2/cricket-ground | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | name={{{name|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
| venues-r | grounds-r | venue-r | ground-r | cricket-venues-r | cricket-grounds-r | cricket-venue-r | cricket-ground-r = {{Cricinfo 2/ground-r | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | name=Cricket records at {{{name|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
| venues-rec | grounds-rec | venue-rec | ground-rec | cricket-venues-rec | cricket-grounds-rec | cricket-venue-rec | cricket-ground-rec = {{Cricinfo 2/ground-rec | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | rec={{{rec|}}} | format={{{format|}}} | name={{{name|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
| auction = {{Cricinfo 2/auction | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | event = {{{event|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
| auction-sub = {{Cricinfo 2/auction-sub | id={{{id|{{{ref|}}}}}} | sub={{{sub|}}} | event={{{event|{{{title|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}}}}} | access-date={{{access-date|}}} | dynamic={{{dynamic|}}} | archive-url={{{archive-url|}}} | archive-date={{{archive-date|}}}}}
}}[[Category:Pages using the Cricinfo template]]{{#ifeq:{{{access-date|}}}||[[Category:Cricinfo template generates external links]]|[[Category:Cricinfo template generates references]]{{#ifeq:{{{dynamic|}}}||{{Error|The {{Para|dynamic|!mxt=y}} parameter is missing (see [[Template:Cricinfo 2#dynamic|instructions]]).[[Category:Cricinfo template missing dynamic parameter]]|{{#ifeq:{{{dynamic|}}}|n|[[Category:Cricinfo template generates archived references]]|[[Category:Cricinfo template generates dynamic references]]}}}}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Error|Please specify a supported function (see [[Template:Cricinfo 2#Functions and examples|instructions]]).}}{{Documentation}}</noinclude>

Template:ESPNcricinfo 2

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#REDIRECT [[Template:Cricinfo 2]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
}}

Template:International cricket competitions sidebar

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Simba: Created page with "{{Sidebar with collapsible lists | name = International cricket competitions sidebar | pretitle = '''Part of a series on the''' | title = {{nobr|International cricket competitions}} | image = class=skin-invert | above = {{flatlist| * International Cricket Council * Outline }} | list1title = Regional bodies | list1 = {{flatlist| * Africa Cricket Asso..."

{{Sidebar with collapsible lists
| name = International cricket competitions sidebar
| pretitle = '''Part of a series on the'''
| title = {{nobr|[[International cricket#International competitions|International cricket competitions]]}}
| image = [[File:Cricket pictogram.svg|120px|class=skin-invert]]

| above = {{flatlist|
* [[International Cricket Council]]
* [[International cricket|Outline]]
}}

| list1title = Regional bodies
| list1 = {{flatlist|
* [[Africa Cricket Association|Africa]]
* [[ICC Americas|Americas]]
* [[Asian Cricket Council|Asia]]
* [[ICC East Asia-Pacific|East Asia-Pacific]]
* [[ICC Europe|Europe]]
}}

| heading2 = <big>ICC Competitions</big>

| heading3 = Men's

| list3title = [[World Test Championship|Test Championship]]
| list3 = {{flatlist|
* [[ICC Test Championship Mace|Mace]]
* [[World Test Championship records|Records]]
}}

| list4title = [[Cricket World Cup|ODI World Cup]]
| list4 = {{flatlist|
* [[History of the Cricket World Cup|History]]
** [[Cricket World Cup qualification|Qualification]]
** [[List of Cricket World Cup finals|Finals]]
** [[Cricket World Cup teams|Teams]]
** [[Cricket World Cup Trophy|Trophy]]

* [[Cricket World Cup records|Records]]
** [[List of Cricket World Cup centuries|Centuries]]
** [[List of Cricket World Cup five-wicket hauls|Five-wicket hauls]]

* ''[[World Cricket League]]''
** Divisions
*** ''[[World Cricket League Championship|Championship]]''
*** ''[[World Cricket League Division Two|Two]]''
*** ''[[World Cricket League Division Three|Three]]''
*** ''[[World Cricket League Division Four|Four]]''
*** ''[[World Cricket League Division Five|Five]]''
*** ''[[World Cricket League Division Six|Six]]''
*** ''[[World Cricket League Division Seven|Seven]]''
*** ''[[World Cricket League Division Eight|Eight]]''
** Qualification
*** ''[[World Cricket League Africa Region|Africa]]''
*** ''[[ICC Americas Championship|Americas]]''
*** ''[[ACC Trophy|Asia]]''
*** ''[[ICC EAP Cricket Trophy (One day)|East-Asia Pacific]]''
*** ''[[European Cricket Championship|Europe]]''

* [[Cricket World Cup Qualifier|Qualifier]]
** [[Cricket World Cup Qualifier Play-off|Play-off]]
* ''[[Cricket World Cup Super League|Super League]]''
* [[Cricket World Cup League 2|League 2]]
* [[Cricket World Cup Challenge League|Challenge League]]
** [[Cricket World Cup Challenge League A|A]]
** [[Cricket World Cup Challenge League B|B]]
** [[Cricket World Cup Challenge League Play-off|Play-off]]
}}

| list5title = [[Men's T20 World Cup|T20 World Cup]]
| list5 = {{flatlist|
* [[History of the T20 World Cup|History]]
** [[Men's T20 World Cup tournaments|Tournaments]]

* [[Men's T20 World Cup qualification|Qualification]]
** [[Men's T20 World Cup Global Qualifier|Global]]
** [[Men's T20 World Cup regional qualification|Regional]]

* [[Men's T20 World Cup records|Records]]
** [[List of Men's T20 World Cup centuries|Centuries]]
** [[List of Men's T20 World Cup five-wicket hauls|Five-wicket hauls]]
** [[List of Men's T20 World Cup hat-tricks|Hat-tricks]]
}}

| list6title = [[ICC Champions Trophy|Champions Trophy]]
| list6 = {{flatlist|
* Records
** [[List of Champions Trophy centuries|Centuries]]
** [[List of Champions Trophy five-wicket hauls|Five-wicket hauls]]
}}

| list7title = ''[[ICC Intercontinental Cup|Intercontinental Cup]]''
| list7 = {{flatlist|
* [[ICC Intercontinental Cup#Tournament history|History]]
* [[ICC Intercontinental Cup#Records and statistics|Records]]
}}

| list8title = [[Under-19 Men's Cricket World Cup|U19 World Cup]]
| list8 = {{flatlist|
* Records
** [[List of Under-19 Cricket World Cup centuries|Centuries]]

* Qualification
** [[ICC U19 Cricket World Cup Africa Qualifier|Africa]]
** [[ICC U19 Cricket World Cup Americas Qualifier|Americas]]
** [[Under-19 Men's Asia Cup|Asia]]
** [[ICC U19 Cricket World Cup EAP Qualifier|East Asia-Pacific]]
** [[ICC U19 Cricket World Cup Europe Qualifier|Europe]]
}}

| heading9 = Women's

| list9title = [[Women's Cricket World Cup|ODI World Cup]]
| list9 = {{flatlist|
* [[Women's Cricket World Cup#History|History]]
* [[Women's Cricket World Cup records|Records]]

* Qualification
** [[Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier|Qualifier]]
** [[ICC Women's Championship|Championship]]
}}

| list10title = [[Women's T20 World Cup|T20 World Cup]]
| list10 = {{flatlist|
* [[History of the T20 World Cup|History]]
* [[Women's T20 World Cup records|Records]]
* [[Women's T20 World Cup Global Qualifier|Qualifier]]
}}

| list11title = [[ICC Women's Champions Trophy|Champions Trophy]]
| list11 = {{flatlist|
* [[ICC Women's Champions Trophy#History|History]]
}}

| list12title = [[Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup|U19 World Cup]]
| list12 = {{flatlist|
* Qualification
** [[Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|Africa]]
** [[Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup Americas Qualifier|Americas]]
** [[Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup Asia Qualifier|Asia]]
** [[Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup EAP Qualifier|East-Asia Pacific]]
** [[Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier|Europe]]
}}

| heading13 = <big>Multi-sport competitions</big> {{icon|template}} [[Template:Cricket at multi-sport events|navbox]]

| content13 = {{flatlist|
* [[Cricket at the Summer Olympics|Summer Olympics]]
** [[List of Olympic medalists in cricket|Medalists]]

* ''[[Cricket at the Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]]''

* [[Cricket at the African Games|African Games]]
* [[Cricket at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]
** [[List of Asian Games medalists in cricket|Medalists]]

* ''[[Cricket at the Pacific Games|Pacific Games]]''
* [[Cricket at the Pan American Games|Pan American Games]]

* [[Cricket at the South Asian Games|South Asian Games]]
* SEA Games
}}

| heading22 = <big>Regional competitions</big>

| list22title = Africa
| list22 = {{flatlist|
* [[Kwibuka T20 Tournament]]
}}

| list23title = Americas
| list23 = {{flatlist|
* [[North American Cup]]
* [[South American Cricket Championship]]
}}

| list24title = Asia
| list24 = {{flatlist|
; Men's
: ''[[Asian Test Championship]]''

: [[Asia Cup]]
:: [[ACC Premier Cup|Premier Cup]]
:: [[ACC Men's Challenger Cup|Challenger Cup]]

: [[Asia Cup Rising Stars]]
: [[Under-19 Men's Asia Cup|Under-19 Asia Cup]]
:: [[ACC Under-19 Men's Premier Cup|Under-19 Premier Cup]]

: ''[[ACC Trophy]]''
: ''[[ACC Twenty20 Cup]]''

; Women's
: [[Women's Asia Cup|Asia Cup]]
:: [[ACC Women's Premier Cup|Premier Cup]]

: [[Women's Asia Cup Rising Stars|Asia Cup Rising Stars]]
: [[Under-19 Women's T20 Asia Cup|Under-19 Asia Cup]]
:: [[ACC Under-19 Women's Premier Cup|Under-19 Premier Cup]]
}}

| list25title = East-Asia Pacific
| list25 = {{flatlist|
* [[Twenty20 East Asia Cup]]
}}

| list26title = Europe
| list26 = {{flatlist|
* [[Central Europe Cup]]
* ''[[Women's European Cricket Championship]]''
}}

| list27title = Other
| list27 = {{flatlist|
* ''[[World Series Cricket]]''
}}

| content28 = '''Note''': ''Defunct competitions'' are listed in italics.

| below = {{flatlist|
* {{icon|category}} [[:Category:International cricket competitions|Category]]
* {{icon|commons}} [[c:Category:International cricket|Commons]]
* {{icon|template}} [[Template:International Cricket Council sidebar|Main sidebar]]

* {{icon|wikiproject}} [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Cricket/ICC cricket task force|WikiProject task force]]
}}

}}<noinclude>
[[Category:International cricket competitions|*]]
</noinclude>

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Template:UTZ

2026-09-07T06:59:42Z

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Men's T20 World Cup

2026-09-07T06:58:48Z

Simba: Created page with "{{Short description|International cricket competition}} {{Distinguish|Cricket World Cup}} {{Good article}} {{Use British English|date=March 2025}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}} {{Infobox cricket tournament main | name = ICC Men's T20 World Cup | image = Men's T20 World Cup logo (since 2024).svg | administrator = International Cricket Council | cricket format = Twenty20 International | tournament format = see below | first = 2007 World Twenty20|2..."

{{Short description|International cricket competition}}
{{Distinguish|Cricket World Cup}}
{{Good article}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox cricket tournament main
| name = ICC Men's T20 World Cup
| image = Men's T20 World Cup logo (since 2024).svg
| administrator = [[International Cricket Council]]
| cricket format = [[Twenty20 International]]
| tournament format = [[#Format|see below]]
| first = [[2007 World Twenty20|2007]]: South Africa (as ICC World Twenty20)
| last = [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]]: India & Sri Lanka
| next = [[2028 Men's T20 World Cup|2028]]: Australia & New Zealand
| participants = 20
| champions = {{cr|IND}} (3rd title)
| most successful = {{ubl|{{cr|IND}} (3 titles)}}
| most runs = {{cricon|IND}} [[Virat Kohli]] (1,292)
| most wickets = {{cricon|BAN}} [[Shakib Al Hasan]] (50)
| website = {{URL|https://www.t20worldcup.com|t20worldcup.com}}
| current =
| editions =
* [[2007 World Twenty20|2007]]
* [[2009 World Twenty20|2009]]
* [[2010 World Twenty20|2010]]
* [[2012 World Twenty20|2012]]
* [[2014 World Twenty20|2014]]
* [[2016 World Twenty20|2016]]
* [[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]]
* [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022]]
* [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]]
* [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]]
* [[2028 Men's T20 World Cup|2028]]
}}
{{International cricket competitions sidebar}}

The '''ICC Men's T20 World Cup''', formerly the '''ICC World Twenty20''', is a biennial [[world cup]] for [[cricket]] in [[Twenty20 International]] (T20I) format, organised by the [[International Cricket Council]] (ICC). It was held in every odd year from [[2007 World Twenty20|2007]] to [[2009 World Twenty20|2009]], and since [[2010 World Twenty20|2010]] has been held in every even year with the exception of 2018 and 2020. In 2018, the tournament was rebranded from the World Twenty20 to the Men's T20 World Cup.

The 2011 edition of the tournament was brought forward to 2010 to replace the [[ICC Champions Trophy]]. In May 2016, the ICC put forward the idea of having a tournament in 2018, with South Africa being the possible host country, but later dropped the idea due to multiple bilateral series taking place that year. The 2020 edition of the tournament was scheduled to take place in Australia but due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the tournament was postponed until 2021, with the intended host changed to India. The [[2021 Men's T20 World Cup]] was later relocated to the United Arab Emirates and Oman due to problems relating to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]], taking place five years after the previous (2016) edition.

As of 2026, ten editions have been played; a total of 25 teams have competed and six teams have won the T20 World Cup. [[India national cricket team|India]] (2007, [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]], [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]]) are the most successful team with three titles. [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] ([[2012 World Twenty20|2012]], [[2016 World Twenty20|2016]]) and [[England cricket team|England]] (2010, [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022]]) have won it twice, while [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]] (2009), [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]] ([[2014 World Twenty20|2014]]), and [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] (2021) have one title each. A total of 15 countries have hosted the tournament (including 6 island nations of the West Indies). India are the current champions, having won their third title in the 2026 edition. The next edition of the tournament will take place in Australia and New Zealand in [[2028 Men's T20 World Cup|2028]].

== History ==
{{Main|History of the T20 World Cup}}
=== Background ===
When the [[Benson & Hedges Cup]] ended in 2002, the [[England and Wales Cricket Board]] (ECB) sought another one-day competition to appeal to the younger generation in response to dwindling crowds and reduced sponsorship. The Board wanted to deliver fast-paced, exciting cricket accessible to fans who were put off by the longer versions of the game.<ref name="cricinfo">{{cite web |last1=Gardner |first1=Alan |title=T20 timeline: Revolution to uncertainty |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/t20-timeline-revolution-to-uncertainty-820517 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |date=13 January 2015 |access-date=12 June 2024 |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612182434/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/t20-timeline-revolution-to-uncertainty-820517 |url-status=live }}</ref> Stuart Robertson, the marketing manager of the ECB, proposed a 20-[[Over (cricket)|over]] per [[innings]] game to county chairmen in 2001, and they voted 11–7 in favour of adopting the new format.<ref>{{cite news |first=Oliver |last=Brett |url= https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/6985087.stm |title= The roots of Twenty20 |work= BBC Sport |date= 11 September 2007 |access-date= 7 August 2020 |quote= Stuart Robertson was the marketing manager of the ECB when Twenty20 was launched. [...] His extensive research suggested women and children would only watch cricket if it was in a shorter format, and started in the late afternoon. [...] He also gave two presentations to the Professional Cricket Association's annual general meeting. [...] But it was only just enough to sway the counties, who voted 11–7 in favour of Twenty20. |archive-date= 17 October 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211017061133/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/6985087.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> The first official [[Twenty20]] matches were played on 13 June 2003 between the English counties in the [[T20 Blast]]'s [[2003 Twenty20 Cup|inaugural edition]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-07-03 |title=T20 Blast: All you need to know about the first 15 years of English Twenty20 cricket |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/44645128 |access-date=2026-02-22 |work=[[BBC Sport]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> The first season of Twenty20 in England was a relative success, with [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] defeating [[Warwickshire County Cricket Club|Warwickshire]] by 9 wickets in the final to claim the title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Spiller |first=Richard |date=2014-08-18 |title=What happened to Surrey's T20 champions of 2003? |url=http://www.getsurrey.co.uk/sport/other-sport/cricket/t20-blast-what-happened-surrey-7634383 |access-date=2026-02-22 |website=[[Surrey Live]] |language=en}}</ref> The first Twenty20 match held at [[Lord's]], on 15 July 2004 between [[Middlesex County Cricket Club|Middlesex]] and Surrey, attracted a crowd of 26,500, the largest attendance for any [[county cricket]] game at the ground since 1953.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-07 |title=T20 Blast: Five of the best Lord's encounters |url=https://www.espn.in/cricket/story/_/id/37810620/five-great-lord-games-vitality-t20-blast |access-date=2026-02-22 |website=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> On 17 February 2005, [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] defeated [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] in the first men's full international Twenty20 match, played at [[Eden Park]] in [[Auckland]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/first-t20-cricket-match |title=First T20 match: When cricket's shortest format took flight |access-date=11 December 2024 |archive-date=16 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240816035906/https://olympics.com/en/news/first-t20-cricket-match |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Initial years (2007–2012) ===
{{Main|2007 World Twenty20|2009 World Twenty20|2010 World Twenty20|2012 World Twenty20}}
The first tournament was in [[2007 World Twenty20|2007]] in South Africa where [[India national cricket team|India]] defeated [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]] in the [[2007 World Twenty20 final|final]].<ref name="7f"/> In December 2007 it was decided to hold a qualifying tournament with a 20-over format to better prepare the teams.<ref>{{cite web |date=13 December 2007 |title=ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier to be held in Ireland |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/icc-world-twenty20-qualifier-to-be-held-in-ireland-325356 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140621114635/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/325356.html |archive-date=21 June 2014 |access-date=17 May 2012 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref> The [[2009 World Twenty20|2009 tournament]] in England was won by Pakistan who defeated [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]] in the [[2009 World Twenty20 final|final]].<ref name="9f"/> The [[2010 World Twenty20|third tournament]], was brought forward to 2010 from 2011 to replace the [[ICC Champions Trophy]]. This scheduling bottleneck was caused after the [[2009 ICC Champions Trophy|5th edition of the ICC Champions Trophy]], scheduled to be hosted by Pakistan in 2008, was delayed and shifted to South Africa in 2009 due to security concerns. The Champions Trophy was converted into a quadrennial tournament after that.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 October 2008 |title=2010 Champions Trophy cancelled, superseded by a World T20 Tournament. |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/sport/46898/2010-champions-trophy-cancelled |website=[[RNZ]] |access-date=31 July 2024 |archive-date=31 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240731163012/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/sport/46898/2010-champions-trophy-cancelled |url-status=live }}</ref> The third World Twenty20 was held in the West Indies in May 2010, where [[England cricket team|England]] defeated Australia by 7 wickets in the [[2010 World Twenty20 final|final]].<ref name="10f"/> The [[2012 World Twenty20|2012 tournament]] in Sri Lanka was won by [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] who defeated Sri Lanka in the [[2012 World Twenty20 final|final]].<ref name="12f"/>

=== Expansion to 16 teams (2014–2016) ===
{{Main|2014 World Twenty20|2016 World Twenty20}}
The 2012 tournament was to be expanded into a 16-team format, however this was reverted to 12.<ref>{{cite web |title=ICC approves Test championship |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/icc-icc-approves-test-championship-481373 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140621114622/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/current/story/481373.html |archive-date=21 June 2014 |access-date=22 March 2014 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref> The [[2014 World Twenty20|2014 tournament]] in Bangladesh, was the first to feature 16 teams<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/bcb-promises-stellar-t20-wc/|title=BCB promises stellar T20 WC|date=7 April 2013|newspaper=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]]|access-date=9 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192904/http://www.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/bcb-promises-stellar-t20-wc/|archive-date=29 October 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> including all ten [[List of International Cricket Council members#Full Members|full members]] and six [[List of International Cricket Council members#Associate Members|associate members]] who qualified through the 2013 Qualifier.<ref name="13q">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |series |title=2013 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier |id=icc-world-twenty20-qualifier-2013-14-660011 |access-date=2024-12-11|dynamic=y}}</ref> Sri Lanka won the 2014 tournament after defeating India in the [[2014 World Twenty20 final|final]].<ref name="14f"/> The [[2016 World Twenty20|2016 tournament]] in India was won by West Indies, who became the first team to win two T20 World Cups after defeating England in the [[2016 World Twenty20 final|final]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-04-03 |title=World Twenty20: West Indies beat England to claim second title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/35955518 |access-date=2025-03-05 |work=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name="16f"/>

=== Disruptions and rebranding (2018–2022) ===
{{Main|2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2022 Men's T20 World Cup}}
{{Further|Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cricket}}
In May 2016, the ICC proposed a World Twenty20 tournament in 2018, with South Africa being the possible host,<ref name="2018SA">{{Cite web |title=ICC hopeful of World T20 return in 2018 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/icc-hopeful-of-world-t20-return-in-2018-1019437 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804182242/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/1019437.html |archive-date=4 August 2016 |access-date=26 May 2016 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref> but this was later dropped<ref>{{cite web|title=Champions Trophy to take place in 2021, No World T20 in 2018|work=Hindustan Times|first=Mukesh|last=Bhatt|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/no-icc-world-t20-in-2018-india-to-host-next-champions-trophy-in-2021/story-myhab0aP2U4ZM4n0pyVuZM.html|date=18 June 2017|access-date=19 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619124441/http://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/no-icc-world-t20-in-2018-india-to-host-next-champions-trophy-in-2021/story-myhab0aP2U4ZM4n0pyVuZM.html|archive-date=19 June 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> as the top member nations were busy with multiple bilateral tour matches that year.<ref>{{Cite web |title=All you need to know about the Men's T20 World Cup 2022 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/men-s-t20-world-cup-2022-who-is-playing-when-where-faqs-1339969 |access-date=2024-12-14 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |quote=The ICC gave it a miss in 2018 because the calendar was just too crowded with bilateral cricket. |archive-date=14 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214165807/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/men-s-t20-world-cup-2022-who-is-playing-when-where-faqs-1339969 |url-status=live }}</ref> In November 2018, as part of a goal to heighten the profile of the World Twenty20 tournaments, the ICC announced that they would be rebranded as the "T20 World Cup" beginning in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-23 |title=World T20 renamed as T20 World Cup |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/world-t20-renamed-as-t20-world-cup |access-date=2025-03-09 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref> Initially, Australia was set to host both the men's and women's tournaments in 2020,<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 November 2018 |title=ICC renames global T20 tournament |url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/3295868 |access-date=19 June 2024 |website=Cricket Australia |language=en |archive-date=19 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619004542/https://www.cricket.com.au/news/3295868 |url-status=live }}</ref> however in July 2020, the ICC announced that the 2020 tournament had been postponed to 2021 due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] and with Australian international travel restrictions not expected to be lifted until 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Macmillan |first=Jade |date=17 June 2020 |title=Australian borders likely to stay closed until next year, Tourism Minister says |url=https://mobile.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-17/borders-likely-closed-until-next-year-coronavirus-restrictions/12365978 |access-date=17 June 2020 |work=abc.net.au |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |archive-date=17 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617124916/https://mobile.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-17/borders-likely-closed-until-next-year-coronavirus-restrictions/12365978 |url-status=live }}</ref> Later, the ICC chose to relocate the tournament to India, and award Australia the 2022 edition as compensation.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-07 |title=Men's T20WC 2021 in India, 2022 in Australia; Women's CWC postponed |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/mens-t20wc-2021-in-india-2022-in-australia-womens-cwc-postponed |access-date=2025-03-05 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref> Due to concerns over the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]], the tournament was played at venues in the United Arab Emirates and Oman instead, although India remained as the formal host.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Radley |first=Paul |date=29 June 2021 |title=T20 World Cup will move to UAE and Oman, confirms ICC |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/cricket/t20-world-cup-will-move-to-uae-and-oman-confirms-icc-1.1251079 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703155807/https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/cricket/t20-world-cup-will-move-to-uae-and-oman-confirms-icc-1.1251079 |archivedate=3 July 2021 |accessdate=3 July 2021 |work=The National}}</ref> The [[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021 tournament]] was won by Australia, who won their maiden T20 World Cup title after defeating New Zealand in the [[2021 Men's T20 World Cup final|final]].<ref name="21f"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-14 |title=Road to T20 glory: How Australia marched to maiden men's T20 World Cup title |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/road-to-t20-glory-how-australia-marched-to-maiden-mens-t20-world-cup-title?appview=true |access-date=2025-03-05 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref> The [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022 tournament]] was won by England, who won their second T20 World Cup title after defeating Pakistan in the [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup final|final]].<ref name="22f"/><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-11-13 |title=T20 World Cup: England beat Pakistan to win pulsating final in Melbourne |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/63613694 |access-date=2025-03-05 |work=BBC Sport |language=en-GB |archive-date=13 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113114921/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/63613694 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Expansion to 20 teams (2024–present) ===
{{Main|2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2028 Men's T20 World Cup}}
In June 2021, the ICC announced that the Men's T20 World Cup would expand to 20 teams beginning in 2024,<ref name=sixsports.in>{{Cite web|title=ICC announces World Cup schedule; 14 teams in 2027 And 2031|url=https://sixsports.in/icc-announces-world-cup-schedule-14-teams-in-2027-and-2031/|access-date=2 June 2021|website=Six Sports|date=2 June 2021|archive-date=1 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401040539/https://sixsports.in/icc-announces-world-cup-schedule-14-teams-in-2027-and-2031/|url-status=dead}}</ref> divided into four groups of five each for the group stage.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ICC expands men's world events: ODI WC to 14 teams, T20 WC to 20 teams |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/icc-expands-men-s-world-events-odi-world-cup-to-14-teams-t20-world-cup-to-20-teams-1264847 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027181807/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/icc-expands-men-s-world-events-odi-world-cup-to-14-teams-t20-world-cup-to-20-teams-1264847 |archive-date=27 October 2021 |access-date=22 November 2021 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref> The [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024 tournament]] was hosted by the West Indies and the United States. It was the first time the US had hosted a major ICC event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-05 |title=Fixtures revealed for historic ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 in West Indies and the USA |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/fixtures-revealed-for-historic-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-in-west-indies-and-the-usa |access-date=2025-03-05 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=1 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601062529/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/fixtures-revealed-for-historic-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-in-west-indies-and-the-usa |url-status=live }}</ref> In the [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup final|final]], India defeated South Africa to win their second T20 World Cup title after 17 years.<ref name="24f"/><ref>{{cite news |access-date=30 June 2024 |title=T20 World Cup 2024 final: India lifts second T20 World Cup title after 17 years |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/icc-twenty20-world-cup-2024-final-india-vs-south-africa-in-bridgetown-on-june-29-2024/article68349405.ece |website=The Hindu |last1=Achal |first1=Ashwin |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701152749/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/icc-twenty20-world-cup-2024-final-india-vs-south-africa-in-bridgetown-on-june-29-2024/article68349405.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026 tournament]] was hosted by India and Sri Lanka; where India defeated New Zealand in the [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup final|final]] to become the first team to win three titles and the first host country to win the title.<ref name="26f"/>

== Hosts ==
{{clear}}
{{location map+ |Earth |float=center |width=900 |caption=Host countries of Men's T20 World Cup |places=
{{Location map~ |Earth |position=bottom |lat=-30.56 |long=22.94 |label=[[2007 World Twenty20|2007]]}}
{{Location map~ |Earth |position=bottom |lat=52.36 |long=-0.196192 |label=[[2009 World Twenty20|2009]]}}
{{Location map~ |Earth |position=bottom |lat=18.23 |long=-66.41 |label=[[2010 World Twenty20|2010]], [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]]}}
{{Location map~ |Earth |position=bottom |lat=7.87 |long=80.77 |label=[[2012 World Twenty20|2012]], [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]]}}
{{Location map~ |Earth |position=top |lat=23.69 |long=90.36 |label=[[2014 World Twenty20|2014]]}}
{{Location map~ |Earth |position=bottom |lat=20.59 |long=78.96 |label=[[2016 World Twenty20|2016]], [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]]}}
{{Location map~ |Earth |position=left |lat=23.42 |long=53.85 |label=[[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]]}}
{{Location map~ |Earth |position=bottom |lat=21.47 |long=55.98 |label=[[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]]}}
{{Location map~ |Earth |position=top |lat=-25.27 |long=133.78 |label=[[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022]], [[2028 Men's T20 World Cup|2028]]}}
{{Location map~ |Earth |position=bottom |lat=38.79 |long=-106.53 |label=[[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]]}}
{{Location map~|Earth|position=left |lat=-40.90 |long=174.89 |label=[[2028 Men's T20 World Cup|2028]]}}
{{Location map~|Earth|position=left |lat=53.48 |long=-5.24|label=[[2030 Men's T20 World Cup|2030]]}}
}}
The ICC's executive committee votes for the hosts of the tournament after examining bids from the nations which have expressed an interest in holding the event. After South Africa in 2007,<ref>{{Cite web |last=OneCricket |title=First T20 World Cup Final |url=https://cricket.one/t20-world-cup/first-t20-world-cup-final/6658e1c8fdc09c66a5328615 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913022552/https://cricket.one/t20-world-cup/first-t20-world-cup-final/6658e1c8fdc09c66a5328615 |archive-date=13 September 2024 |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=OneCricket |date=31 May 2024 |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref> the tournament was hosted by England, the West Indies, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and India in 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016 respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup Trophy Winners List: From 2007 To 2024 |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/explainers/icc-mens-t20-world-cup-trophy-winners/93373/1 |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=Forbes India |language=en |archive-date=23 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240723201401/https://www.forbesindia.com/article/explainers/icc-mens-t20-world-cup-trophy-winners/93373/1 |url-status=live }}</ref> After a gap of four years, Australia was set to host the 2020 edition, but it was postponed to 2021, relocated to India and played in UAE and Oman due to the COVID-19 pandemic.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BCCI confirms 2021 T20 World Cup switch to UAE |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/bcci-confirms-2021-t20-world-cup-switch-to-uae-1268149 |access-date=2024-12-11 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref> The 2022 tournament was hosted by Australia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The A to Z of the 2022 T20 World Cup |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/the-a-to-z-of-the-2022-t20-world-cup-1339650 |access-date=2024-12-12 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=4 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304214628/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/the-a-to-z-of-the-2022-t20-world-cup-1339650 |url-status=live }}</ref> In November 2021 as part of the [[2024–2031 ICC men's hosts cycle|2024–2031 men's hosts cycle]],<ref>{{cite web |title=ICC's new rules |date=26 June 2024 |url=https://www.nayaindia.com/sports/iccs-new-rules-in-the-semi-finals-of-t20-world-cup-463704.html |publisher=Naya India |access-date=17 July 2024}}</ref> the ICC confirmed the hosts for the next four Men's T20 World Cup tournaments from 2024 to 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-16 |title=USA to stage T20 World Cup: 2024-2031 ICC Men's tournament hosts confirmed |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/usa-to-stage-t20-world-cup-2024-2031-icc-mens-tournament-hosts-confirmed |access-date=2025-03-09 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=5 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205110854/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2354682 |url-status=live }}</ref> The West Indies and United States would co-host the 2024 edition,<ref>{{cite web |title=USA co-hosts for 2024 T20 WC, Pakistan gets 2025 Champions Trophy, India and Bangladesh 2031 World Cup |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/usa-co-hosts-for-2024-t20-wc-pakistan-gets-2025-champions-trophy-india-and-bangladesh-2031-world-cup-1289589 |access-date=16 November 2021 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116141837/http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/usa-co-hosts-for-2024-t20-wc-pakistan-gets-2025-champions-trophy-india-and-bangladesh-2031-world-cup-1289589 |url-status=live }}</ref> India and Sri Lanka to co-host the 2026 edition,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sri Lanka and India to jointly host T20 World Cup 2026 |url=http://www.adaderana.lk/news.php?nid=84363 |access-date=2026-02-22 |work=[[Ada Derana]] |language=en}}</ref> Australia and New Zealand to host the 2028 edition<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cricket Australia and New Zealand Cricket to host 2028 ICC Men’s T20 World Cup |url=https://www.nzc.nz/news-items/archive/cricket-australia-and-new-zealand-cricket-to-host-2028-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup/ |access-date=2026-02-22 |publisher=[[New Zealand Cricket]] |language=en-US}}</ref> and the 2030 edition is to be co-hosted by England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-16 |title=England, Ireland and Scotland to co-host Men's T20 World Cup in 2030 |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/cricket/ireland-scotland-england-india-west-indies-b1958579.html |access-date=2024-12-16 |website=The Independent |language=en |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627102344/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/cricket/ireland-scotland-england-india-west-indies-b1958579.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|+ Summary of hosts by ICC region (2007–2030)
! scope="col" | Region
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Hosting [[Sports governing body|body]]
! scope="col" | Host(s)
|-
! scope="row" | Africa
| [[2007 World Twenty20|2007]] || [[Cricket South Africa]] || South Africa
|-
! scope="rowgroup" rowspan="2" | Americas
| [[2010 World Twenty20|2010]] || [[Cricket West Indies]] || West Indies
|-
| [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]] || [[Cricket West Indies]] [[USA Cricket]] || West Indies United States
|-
! scope="rowgroup" rowspan="5" | Asia
| [[2012 World Twenty20|2012]] || [[Sri Lanka Cricket]] || Sri Lanka
|-
| [[2014 World Twenty20|2014]] || [[Bangladesh Cricket Board]] || Bangladesh
|-
| [[2016 World Twenty20|2016]] || rowspan="2" | [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] || India
|-
| [[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]] || United Arab Emirates Oman
|-
| [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]] || [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] [[Sri Lanka Cricket]] || India Sri Lanka
|-
! scope="rowgroup" rowspan="2" | East Asia-Pacific
| [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022]] || [[Cricket Australia]] || Australia
|-
| [[2028 Men's T20 World Cup|2028]] || [[Cricket Australia]] [[New Zealand Cricket]] || Australia New Zealand
|-
! scope="rowgroup" rowspan="2" | Europe
| [[2009 World Twenty20|2009]] || [[England and Wales Cricket Board]] || England
|-
| [[2030 Men's T20 World Cup|2030]] || [[England and Wales Cricket Board]] [[Cricket Ireland]] [[Cricket Scotland]] || England Wales Ireland Scotland
|}

== Format ==
=== Qualification ===
{{Main|Men's T20 World Cup qualification|Men's T20 World Cup regional qualification|Men's T20 World Cup Global Qualifier}}
For the inaugural tournament in 2007, ten then [[List of International Cricket Council members#Full members|full members]] qualified directly for the tournament along with the top two teams from the [[2007 World Cricket League Division One|2007 WCL Division One]].<ref name="2007Q">{{cite web |title=The bizarre qualification process for the 2007 World T20 |url=https://www.wisden.com/cricket-news/the-bizarre-qualification-process-for-the-2007-world-t20 |website=Wisden |date=1 October 2022 |access-date=11 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213173145/https://www.wisden.com/cricket-news/the-bizarre-qualification-process-for-the-2007-world-t20 |archive-date=13 December 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> A separate [[Men's T20 World Cup Global Qualifier|qualifier]] (later named global qualifier) for teams advanced from the [[World Cricket League]], was introduced for the 2009 tournament through which top two [[List of International Cricket Council members#Associate members|associates]] qualified for the World Twenty20 while, all ten full members were given direct qualification.<ref name="2009Q">{{Cite web |date=2007-12-13 |title=ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier to be held in Ireland |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/cricket/story/_/id/22867915/icc-world-twenty20-qualifier-held-ireland |access-date=2026-02-22 |website=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="2010Q">{{Cite web |last=Williamson |first=Martin |date=2009-05-20 |title=UAE to host expanded World Twenty20 Qualifiers |url=https://www.espn.com/cricket/story/_/id/22063591/uae-host-expanded-world-twenty20-qualifiers |access-date=2026-02-22 |website=[[ESPN]] |language=en}}</ref> A new expanded pathway was introduced for the 2012 tournament with the introduction of [[Men's T20 World Cup regional qualification|regional qualifiers]]. All associate nations competed in the regional competitions for a spot in the global qualifier from which top associates qualified for the World Twenty20 while, all ten full members were given direct qualification.<ref name="2012Q">{{Cite web |title=Sixteen teams to contest 2012 World T20 qualifiers |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/sixteen-teams-to-contest-2012-world-t20-qualifiers-462601 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250421195916/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/sixteen-teams-to-contest-2012-world-t20-qualifiers-462601 |archive-date=2025-04-21 |access-date=2026-02-22 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="2014Q">{{Cite web |date=2014-03-04 |title=Men’s qualifiers put final touches on ICC World Twenty20 2014 preparation |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/mens-qualifiers-put-final-touches-on-icc-world-twenty20-2014-preparation |access-date=2026-02-22 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="2016Q">{{Cite web |date=2016-01-08 |title=ICC World Twenty20 India 2016 – Two Months to Go |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/icc-world-twenty20-india-2016-two-months-to-go |access-date=2026-02-22 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref>

A new qualification pathway was introduced in 2019 following the rebranding as T20 World Cup. A stipulated number of top teams from the [[ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings|T20I Rankings]] directly qualified for the T20 World Cup,<ref name="2021DQ">{{Cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/963607 |title=Direct qualifiers for ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2020 confirmed |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |access-date=1 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101193832/https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/963607 |archive-date=1 January 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref> while all other teams competed in two-stage regional qualifiers (sub-regional qualifiers and regional finals) for a spot in the global qualifier from which teams advanced to the T20 World Cup.<ref name="2021Q">{{Cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/1586447 |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2021 qualification process confirmed |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |access-date=23 January 2020 |archive-date=26 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326071952/https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/1586447 |url-status=dead}}</ref> From the 2022 tournament onwards, direct qualification is given to the top teams from the previous tournament and T20I Rankings.<ref name="2022Q">{{Cite web |date=2020-12-21 |title=Global Game: ICC Men’s T20 World Cup 2022 qualification pathway announced |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/global-game-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2022-qualification-pathway-announced |access-date=2026-02-23 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref> Following the T20 World Cup's expansion to 20 teams from the 2024 tournament onwards, the global qualifiers were discontinued with the top teams from regional qualifiers qualifying for the T20 World Cup.<ref name="2024Q">{{cite web |title=Qualification pathway for ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 announced |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/qualification-pathway-for-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-announced |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=31 May 2022 |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref><ref name="2026Q">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-07 |title=How does qualification for the 2026 T20 World Cup work? |url=https://www.wisden.com/series/icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2026/cricket-news/how-does-qualification-for-the-2026-t20-world-cup-work |access-date=2026-02-23 |website=Wisden |language=en}}</ref> An expanded global qualifier will be introduced for the 2028 tournament, in which teams advanced from the regional qualifiers along with the bottom teams from the previous T20 World Cup will compete to determine the final entrants.<ref name="2028Q">{{Cite web |date=2026-02-18 |title=ICC Confirms Qualification Of 12 Teams For 2028 Men’s T20 World Cup |url=https://www.wisden.com/series/icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2026/cricket-news/icc-confirms-qualification-of-12-teams-for-2028-mens-t20-world-cup |access-date=2026-02-23 |website=Wisden |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Format28"/>

=== Tournament ===
The T20 World Cup is played in three stages. The preliminary stage or group stage is played by 2 (2014–2022), 4 (2007–2012; 2024–2026) or 6 (2028 onwards) groups in a [[Round-robin tournament|round-robin]] format. The second round known as Super 8 (2007–2012; 2024–2026), Super 10 (2014–2016; 2028 onwards) and Super 12 (2021–2022) is also played by 2 groups in a round-robin format.<ref name="Format">{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Sandipan |date=2026-02-20 |title=Fifty years of blunders: How the ICC keeps getting the World Cup format wrong |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/t20-world-cup-icc-blunders-fifty-years-format-wrong-history-odis-2871463-2026-02-20 |access-date=2026-02-23 |work=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Format28">{{cite web |access-date=15 July 2026 |title=New Men’s T20 World Cup format and qualification explained |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/new-men-s-t20-world-cup-format-and-qualification-explained |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]}}</ref> In both the preliminary round and the Super round, teams are ranked based on: 1) Points; 2) Wins; 3) [[Net run rate]]; 4) Results of games between tied teams; 5) T20I rankings ahead of the respective tournament.<ref name="26t20wc-pc">{{Cite journal |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2026 |url=https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/igqt8cceiusrtat0ru5u.pdf |date=1 February 2026|journal=[[ICC playing conditions|ICC Men's T20 World Cup, playing conditions]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=10 }}</ref> The third round was played as a [[Single-elimination tournament|knockout stage]] of four teams from 2007 to 2026 and will be played as a knockout stage of six teams from 2026 onwards.<ref name="Format"/><ref name="Format28"/> In case of a [[Tie (draw)|tie]] (that is, both teams scoring the same number of [[Run (cricket)|runs]] at the end of their respective [[innings]]), a [[Super Over]] is used to decide the winner sice 2009. In the case of a tie occurring again in the Super Over, subsequent super overs would be played until there is a winner. Prior to 2019, the match would be won by the team that had scored the most [[Boundary (cricket)|boundaries]] in their innings.<ref>{{Cite web |title=No more boundary countback as ICC changes Super over regulations |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/no-more-boundary-countback-as-icc-changes-super-over-regulations-1203757 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015130845/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/27844486/no-more-boundary-countback-icc-changes-super-regulations |archive-date=15 October 2019 |access-date=4 November 2019 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref><ref name="9wt20-pc">{{Cite journal |title=ICC World Twenty20 2009 |url=http://worldtwenty20.yahoo.com/abouttwenty20/playing-conditions.html |date=2007-09-12 |journal=[[ICC playing conditions|ICC Men's T20 World Cup, playing conditions]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720113337/http://worldtwenty20.yahoo.com/abouttwenty20/playing-conditions.html |archive-date=2008-07-20}}</ref> During the 2007 tournament, a [[bowl-out]] was used to decide the winner of tied matches.<ref name="7wt20-pc">{{Cite journal |title=ICC World Twenty20 2007 |url=http://worldtwenty20.com/abouttwenty20/icc_world_twenty20_playing_conditions_final.pdf |date=2007-08-30 |journal=[[ICC playing conditions|ICC Men's T20 World Cup, playing conditions]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080721131245/http://worldtwenty20.yahoo.com/abouttwenty20/icc_world_twenty20_playing_conditions_final.pdf |archive-date=2008-07-21}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center"
|+ Summary of tournament formats (2007–2028)
! scope="col" | #
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Teams
! scope="col" | Matches
! scope="col" | Preliminary stage
! scope="col" | Super stage
! scope="col" | Final stage
|-
| 1
! scope="row" | [[2007 World Twenty20|2007]]
| rowspan="4" | 12 || rowspan="4" | 27 || rowspan="4" | 4 groups of 3 teams: 12 matches || rowspan="4" | '''Super 8 stage''' 2 groups of 4 teams: 12 matches || rowspan="10" | Knockout of 4 teams: 3 matches
|-
| 2
! scope="row" | [[2009 World Twenty20|2009]]
|-
| 3
! scope="row" | [[2010 World Twenty20|2010]]
|-
| 4
! scope="row" | [[2012 World Twenty20|2012]]
|-
| 5
! scope="row" | [[2014 World Twenty20|2014]]
| rowspan="4" | 16 (8 direct qualified for Super 10/12) || rowspan="2" | 35 || rowspan="4" | 2 groups of 4 teams: 12 matches || rowspan="2" | '''Super 10 stage''' 2 groups of 5 teams: 20 matches
|-
| 6
! scope="row" | [[2016 World Twenty20|2016]]
|-
| 7
! scope="row" | [[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]]
| rowspan="2" | 45 || rowspan="2" | '''Super 12 stage''' 2 groups of 6 teams: 30 matches
|-
| 8
! scope="row" | [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022]]
|-
| 9
! scope="row" | [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]]
| rowspan="3" | 20 || rowspan="3" | 55 || rowspan="2" | 4 groups of 5 teams: 40 matches || rowspan="2" | '''Super 8 stage''' 2 groups of 4 teams: 12 matches
|-
| 10
! scope="row" | [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]]
|-
| 11
! scope="row" | [[2028 Men's T20 World Cup|2028]]
|rowspan="1" | 5 groups of 4 teams: 30 matches || rowspan="1" | '''Super 10 stage''' 2 groups of 5 teams: 20 matches || rowspan="1" | Knockout of 6 teams: 5 matches
|}

== Trophy ==
[[File:ICC Men's T20 World Cup Trophy at COA - BugWarp (20) (cropped).jpg|thumb|alt=ICC Men's T20 World Cup Trophy|ICC Men's T20 World Cup Trophy]]
The ICC Men's T20 World Cup Trophy is presented to the winners of the final. It is made of [[silver]] and [[rhodium]] and weighs approximately {{convert|12|kg|lb|abbr=on}} and stands {{convert|57.15|cm|in|abbr=on}} tall, with a width of {{convert|16.5|cm|in|abbr=on}} at the top and {{convert|13.97|cm|in|abbr=on}} at the base.<ref name="trophy">{{cite web |last1=Fitzgerald |first1=James |title=ICC World Twenty20 trophy unveiled |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/icc-world-twenty20-trophy-unveiled-308851 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |date=29 August 2007 |access-date=12 June 2024 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130061059/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/icc-world-twenty20-trophy-unveiled-308851 |url-status=live }}</ref> It was designed in 2007 by Minale Bryce Design Strategy, based in [[Queensland]], Australia.<ref name="trophy"/> The trophy was initially manufactured by Amit Pabuwal in India,<ref name="trophy"/> and then in 2012, [[Links of London]] became the manufacturer of the trophy.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/icc-world-t20-trophy-unveiled/article3755037.ece|title=ICC World T20 Trophy unveiled|date=August 11, 2012|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=30 November 2024|access-date=12 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130060238/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/icc-world-t20-trophy-unveiled/article3755037.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/834593/icc-world-t20-trophy-tour-kicks-off-tomorrow|title=ICC World T20 trophy tour kicks off tomorrow|date=February 8, 2009|website=DAWN.COM}}</ref> In 2021, [[Thomas Lyte]] became the official manufacturer of the trophy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thomaslyte.com/t20-world-cup-trophy-a-symbol-of-the-modern-game/|title=The T20 World Cup Trophy: A Symbol of the Modern Game|date=November 12, 2022|access-date=12 September 2024|archive-date=23 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623024537/https://thomaslyte.com/t20-world-cup-trophy-a-symbol-of-the-modern-game/|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Attendance ==
{{hatnote|Currently the accurate attendance count for prior tournaments are unavailable.}}
[[File:MCG2022ICCT20.jpg|thumb|80,428 spectators attended the [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup final|2022 final]] between Pakistan and England at the [[Melbourne Cricket Ground|MCG]].|alt=refer to caption]]
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Total attendance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Ref.}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]]
| 378,895 || <ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-10-06 |title=Tickets on sale for every match of ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2021 |url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1113867/tickets-on-sale-for-t20-world-cup-2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006094645/https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1113867/tickets-on-sale-for-t20-world-cup-2021 |archive-date=6 October 2021 |access-date=2025-01-27 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022]]
| 751,775 || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-03 |title=ICC Men's T20 Cricket World Cup 2022 |url=https://www.health.gov.au/topics/sport/major-sporting-events/icc-mens-t20-cricket-world-cup-2022 |access-date=2024-12-11 |website=Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care |quote=The tournament set new records for T20 tournament attendance (751,775) and individual attendance at a T20 match (90,293).}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]]
| 190,000+{{Efn|Over 190,000 in US alone.<ref name=at26/>}}{{Efn|name=mat|Exact attendance figures are unknown.}} || <ref name=at26>{{Cite web |last=Shafiq |first=Saman |title=US shows 'unprecedented interest' in cricket as 190,000 attend T20 World Cup matches |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2024/06/26/t20-world-cup-cricket-us-attendance/74205475007/ |access-date=2026-04-25 |work=[[USA Today]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]]
| 1.2 million+{{Efn|name=mat}} || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-03-23 |title=A game for the world: cricket's growth horizons |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/a-game-for-the-world-cricket-s-growth-horizons |access-date=2026-03-23 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=25 March 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260325001923/https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/a-game-for-the-world-cricket-s-growth-horizons |url-status=live |quote=With nearly 1.3 million in-stadia fans attending the tournament [...]}}</ref>
|}
{{notelist}}

== Summary ==
{{Main|Men's T20 World Cup tournaments}}
As of the 2026 tournament, twenty-five nations have played in the T20 World Cup. Eight teams have competed in every tournament, six of whom have won the title. India has won the title thrice; England and the West Indies have won the title twice each, while Australia, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka have won the title once each.<ref name=tps/> India has made four final appearances, while England, India and Pakistan have each made six semi-final appearances.<ref name=sr>{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=series results |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>

India is the only nation to have won the tournament as the hosts and defended their title in the following edition (both in 2026).<ref name="rec-win">{{cite web |access-date=9 March 2026 |title=India becomes first team to defend T20 World Cup title, lift trophy at home |url=https://www.business-standard.com/cricket/icc-t20-world-cup/india-becomes-first-team-to-defend-t20-world-cup-title-lift-trophy-at-home-126030800781_1.html |work=[[Business Standard]]}}</ref> [[Kensington Oval]] in [[Bridgetown]], Barbados is the only venue to have hosted more than one final (2010 and 2024).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kensington Oval on the road to host the ICC Men's T20 World Cup West Indies & USA 2024 Final {{!}} Windies Cricket news |url=https://www.windiescricket.com/news/Kensington-Oval-on-the-road-to-host-the-ICC-Mens-T20-World-Cup-West-Indies-and-USA-2024-Final/ |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=Windies}}</ref> All Test-playing nations made their debuts in the inaugural edition with the exception of Ireland and Afghanistan, who were still associate members at the time and made their debuts in the 2009 and 2010 editions respectively. Kenya and Scotland were the only non-Test playing nations to be featured in the inaugural edition. A total of thirteen different associate teams have qualified for the competition since, with the current format ensuring that at least eight qualify for each tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-14 |title=History of the ICC Men's T20 World Cup |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/history-of-the-tournament |access-date=2024-12-12 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=13 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213171721/https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/history-of-the-tournament |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=sr/>

=== Final results ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="colgroup" colspan="2" | Winners
! scope="colgroup" colspan="2" | Runners-up
! scope="col" | {{Ref.}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[2007 World Twenty20 final|2007]]
| {{cr|IND}} || 157/5 (20 overs) || {{cr|PAK}} || 152 (19.4 overs) || <ref name="7f">{{Cite web |title=India hold their nerve to win thriller |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-twenty20-2007-08-286109/india-vs-pakistan-final-287879/match-report |access-date=2025-03-06 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2009 World Twenty20 final|2009]]
| {{cr|PAK}} || 139/2 (18.4 overs) || {{cr|SL}} || 138/6 (20 overs) || <ref name="9f">{{Cite web |title=Afridi fifty seals title for Pakistan |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-twenty20-2009-335113/pakistan-vs-sri-lanka-final-356017/match-report |access-date=2025-03-06 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=13 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213102327/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-twenty20-2009-335113/pakistan-vs-sri-lanka-final-356017/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2010 World Twenty20 final|2010]]
| {{cr|ENG}} || 148/3 (17 overs) || {{cr|AUS}} || 147/6 (20 overs) || <ref name="10f">{{Cite web |title=Kieswetter and Pietersen seal title for England |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-twenty20-2010-412671/australia-vs-england-final-412703/match-report |access-date=2025-03-06 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=3 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203010212/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-twenty20-2010-412671/australia-vs-england-final-412703/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2012 World Twenty20 final|2012]]
| {{nobr|{{cr|WIN}}}} || 137/6 (20 overs) || {{cr|SL}} || 101 (18.4 overs) || <ref name="12f">{{Cite web |title=Samuels, Sammy give WI first world title since 1979 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-twenty20-2012-13-531597/sri-lanka-vs-west-indies-final-533298/match-report |access-date=2025-03-06 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2014 World Twenty20 final|2014]]
| {{cr|SL}} || 134/4 (17.5 overs) || {{cr|IND}} || 130/4 (20 overs) || <ref name="14f">{{Cite web |title=Cool Sangakkara breaks final hoodoo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/world-t20-2013-14-628368/india-vs-sri-lanka-final-682965/match-report |access-date=2025-03-06 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2016 World Twenty20 final|2016]]
| {{cr|WIN}} (2) || 161/6 (19.4 overs) || {{cr|ENG}} || 155/9 (20 overs) || <ref name="16f">{{Cite web |title=WI grab title after Brathwaite 6, 6, 6, 6 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/world-t20-2015-16-901359/england-vs-west-indies-final-951373/match-report |access-date=2025-03-06 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2021 Men's T20 World Cup final|2021]]
| {{cr|AUS}} || 173/2 (18.5 overs) || {{cr|NZ}} || 172/4 (20 overs) || <ref name="21f">{{Cite web |date=2021-11-14 |title=Marsh, Warner muscle Australia to T20 World Cup glory |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2021-22-1267897/australia-vs-new-zealand-final-1273756/match-report |access-date=2025-03-06 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup final|2022]]
| {{cr|ENG}} (2) || 138/5 (19 overs) || {{cr|PAK}} || 137/8 (20 overs) || <ref name="22f">{{Cite web |date=2022-11-13 |title=Sam Curran and Ben Stokes the heroes of the final as England break Pakistan hearts |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2022-23-1298134/england-vs-pakistan-final-1298179/match-report |access-date=2025-03-06 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=18 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221118202331/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2022-23-1298134/england-vs-pakistan-final-1298179/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup final|2024]]
| {{cr|IND}} (2) || 176/7 (20 overs) || {{cr|SA}} || 169/8 (20 overs) || <ref name="24f">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-29 |title=Bumrah and Hardik script stunning comeback to lead India to T20 World Cup glory |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/india-vs-south-africa-final-1415755/match-report |access-date=2025-03-06 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=30 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240630000326/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/india-vs-south-africa-final-1415755/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup final|2026]]
| {{cr|IND}} (3) || 255/5 (20 overs) || {{cr|NZ}} || 159 (19 overs) || <ref name="26f">{{cite web |access-date=8 March 2026 |title=India crush New Zealand for third T20 World Cup title |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2025-26-1502138/india-vs-new-zealand-final-1512773/match-report |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== Team performance ===
The table below provides a summary of the performances of teams over past T20 World Cups, as of the end of the 2024 tournament. Teams are ordered by best result then by appearances, and then alphabetically.

Current [[List of International Cricket Council members#Full members|Test playing nations / ICC full members]] are indicated by a dagger symbol ({{dagger}}).

* Source: [[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref name="tps">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=results summary |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>

{{Table alignment}}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders defaultcenter col1left"
! scope="col" | Team
! scope="col" | Appearances
! scope="col" | Best performance
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|IND}}{{dagger}}
| rowspan="8" | 10
| style="background:gold" | Champions ([[2007 World Twenty20|2007]], [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]], [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|ENG}}{{dagger}}
| style="background:gold" | Champions ([[2010 World Twenty20|2010]], [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|WIN}}{{dagger}}
| style="background:gold" | Champions ([[2012 World Twenty20|2012]], [[2016 World Twenty20|2016]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|AUS}}{{dagger}}
| style="background:gold" | Champions ([[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|PAK}}{{dagger}}
| style="background:gold" | Champions ([[2009 World Twenty20|2009]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|SL}}{{dagger}}
| style="background:gold" | Champions ([[2014 World Twenty20|2014]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|NZ}}{{dagger}}
| style="background:silver" | Runners-up ([[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]], [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|SA}}{{dagger}}
| style="background:silver" | Runners-up ([[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|AFG}}{{dagger}}
| 8 || style="background:#CC9966" | Semi-finals ([[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|BAN}}{{dagger}}
| rowspan="2" | 9 || style="background:#BBF3BB" | Super 8s ([[2007 World Twenty20|2007]], [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|IRE}}{{dagger}}
| style="background:#BBF3BB" | Super 8s ([[2009 World Twenty20|2009]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|ZIM}}{{dagger}}
| 7 || style="background:#BBF3BB" | Super 8s ([[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|USA}}
| 2 || style="background:#BBF3BB" | Super 8s ([[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|NED}}
| rowspan="2" | 7 || style="background:#BBF3BB" | Super 10s ([[2014 World Twenty20|2014]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|SCO}}
| style="background:#BBF3BB" | Super 12s ([[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|NAM}}
| rowspan="2" | 4
| style="background:#BBF3BB" | Super 12s ([[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|OMA}}
| {{nobr|First round ([[2016 World Twenty20|2016]], [[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]], [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]], [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]])}}
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|NEP}}
| rowspan="2" | 3 || First round ([[2014 World Twenty20|2014]], [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]], [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{nobr|{{cr|UAE}}}}
| First round ([[2014 World Twenty20|2014]], [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022]], [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|CAN}}
| rowspan="3" | 2 || First round ([[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]], [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|HKG}}
| First round ([[2014 World Twenty20|2014]], [[2016 World Twenty20|2016]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|PNG}}
| First round ([[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]], [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|ITA}}
| rowspan="3" | 1 || First round ([[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|KEN}}
| First round ([[2007 World Twenty20|2007]])
|-
! scope="row" | {{cr|UGA}}
| First round ([[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]])
|}

== Records ==
{{Main|Men's T20 World Cup records}}
{{See also|List of Men's T20 World Cup centuries|List of Men's T20 World Cup five-wicket hauls}}
[[File:Virat Kohli in PMO New Delhi.jpg|thumb|alt=Virat Kohli in 2024|Former Indian captain [[Virat Kohli]] has scored the most runs (1,292), highest average (58.72) and most 50+ scores (15) in the T20 World Cup.]]
[[File:Shakib Al Hasan (4).jpg|thumb|alt=Shakib Al Hasan in 2018|[[Shakib Al Hasan]] of Bangladesh has taken the most wickets (50) in the T20 World Cup.]]
[[File:QUINTON DE KOCK (15681398316).jpg|thumb|alt=Quinton de Kock in 2014|[[Quinton de Kock]] of South Africa has taken the most dismissals for a wicket keeper (39) in the T20 World Cup.]]
As of the 2026 tournament, former Indian captain [[Rohit Sharma]] and [[Shakib Al Hasan]] of Bangladesh are the only players to have appeared in nine out of ten editions of the T20 World Cup.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-16 |title=Game-changers and record-makers: Statistical standouts from the ICC Men's T20 World Cups |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/game-changers-and-record-makers-statistical-standouts-from-the-icc-men-s-t20-world-cups |access-date=2024-12-14 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=14 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214040744/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/game-changers-and-record-makers-statistical-standouts-from-the-icc-men-s-t20-world-cups |url-status=live }}</ref> However, [[Brendan Taylor]] of Zimbabwe is the only cricketer to play in the inaugural (2007) and the tenth (2026) edition of the T20 World Cup. Rohit Sharma also holds the record for most appearances in T20 World Cup matches (47),<ref name="mm">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most matches |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref> while [[MS Dhoni]] holds the record for most T20 World Cup matches as a captain (33).<ref name="mmc">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most matches as captain |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref> [[Virat Kohli]] has won the most player of the match awards in T20 World Cups (8).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Most Man of the Match Awards in T20 World Cups and T20 internationals |url=https://www.howzat.com/blog/cricket/most-man-of-the-match-awards-in-t20-world-cup |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=www.howzat.com |language=en |archive-date=14 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214045727/https://www.howzat.com/blog/cricket/most-man-of-the-match-awards-in-t20-world-cup |url-status=live }}</ref> [[R. Premadasa Stadium]] in [[Colombo]], Sri Lanka has hosted most T20 World Cup matches (23).<ref name="mmg">{{Cite web |title=Men's T20 World Cup Records, most matches ground |url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=3;filter=advanced;groupby=ground;orderby=matches;template=results;trophy=89;type=team |access-date=9 March 2026 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=14 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214100117/https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=3;filter=advanced;groupby=ground;orderby=matches;template=results;trophy=89;type=team |url-status=live }}</ref> Australian [[Umpire (cricket)|umpire]] [[Rod Tucker]] has umpired the most T20 World Cup matches (52),<ref name="mmu">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most matches as an umpire |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref> while [[Simon Taufel]] has umpired the most T20 World Cup finals (3).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Men's T20 World Cup Records, individual most finals umpire |url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=3;filter=advanced;final_type=1;orderby=matches_umpire;template=results;trophy=89;type=official |access-date=9 March 2026 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref> India and England scored the highest match aggregate of 499/14 in 2026.<ref name="hma"/> India has the highest victory percentage in T20 World Cups (73.33%).<ref name="tps"/>

Former Indian captain Virat Kohli holds the records for most runs (1,292),<ref name="mr"/> and most 50+ scores (15),<ref name="mf">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most fifties |access-date=2024-07-01|dynamic=y}}</ref> while [[Chris Gayle]] of West Indies and [[Sahibzada Farhan]] of Pakistan shares the record for most [[Century (cricket)|centuries]] (2 each);<ref name="mc"/> Farhan also holds the record most runs in a tournament (383 in 2026).<ref name="mrt"/> Shakib Al Hasan holds the record for most wickets (50),<ref name="mw"/> while [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] of Afghanistan and [[Arshdeep Singh]] of India shares the record for most wickets in a tournament (17 in 2024).<ref name="mwt"/> [[Pat Cummins]] is the only player to have taken more than one [[Hat-trick (cricket)|hat-trick]] and has taken 2 hat-tricks both in 2024.<ref name="htl">{{Cite web |title=T20I matches {{!}} Bowling records {{!}} T20 World Cup - Hat-tricks |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/t20-world-cup-hat-tricks-1343247 |access-date=9 March 2026 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621080135/https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/t20-world-cup-hat-tricks-1343247 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Quinton de Kock]] of South Africa holds the record for most [[Dismissal (cricket)|dismissals]] by a [[wicket-keeper]] (39)<ref name="mwkd"/> and [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] of Australia hold the record for most [[Caught|catches]] by a [[Fielding (cricket)|fielder]] (25).<ref name="mfc"/> Former West Indies captain [[Daren Sammy]] holds the record for most T20 World Cup titles as a captain, while [[Marlon Samuels]] holds the record for most player of the final awards (both in 2012 and 2016).<ref name="wt12">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |tournament |title=2012 World Twenty20 records |id=icc-world-twenty20-2012-13-6856 |access-date=13 December 2024|dynamic=y}}</ref><ref name="wt16">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |tournament |title=2016 World Twenty20 records |id=world-t20-2015-16-10291 |access-date=13 December 2024|dynamic=y}}</ref>

=== Team records ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
! scope="col" | Record for
! scope="col" | Record holder
! scope="col" | Record
! scope="col" | Tournament(s)
! scope="col" | {{Ref.}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Highest innings totals|Highest team total]]
| {{cr|SL}} (v {{cr|KEN}}) at [[Wanderers Stadium|Johannesburg]] || 260/6 || [[2007 World Twenty20|2007]] || <ref name="htt">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=highest team totals |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
! scope="rowgroup" rowspan=2 | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Lowest innings totals|Lowest team total]]
| {{cr|NED}} (v {{cr|SL}}) at [[Zohur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium|Chittagong]] || rowspan=2 | 39 || [[2014 World Twenty20|2014]] || rowspan=2 | <ref name="ltt">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=lowest team totals |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
| {{cr|UGA}} (v {{cr|WIN}}) at [[Providence Stadium|Guyana]] || [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Highest match aggregate|Highest match aggregate]]
| {{cr|IND}} v {{Cr|ENG}} at [[Wankhede Stadium|Mumbai]] || 499/14 || [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]] || <ref name="hma">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=highest match aggregates |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Lowest match aggregate|Lowest match aggregate]]
| {{cr|NED}} v {{cr|SL}} at [[Zohur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium|Chittagong]] || 79/11 || [[2014 World Twenty20|2014]] || <ref name="lma">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=lowest match aggregates |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|}

=== Batting records ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
! scope="col" | Record for
! scope="col" | Record holder
! scope="col" | Record
! scope="col" | Tournament(s)
! scope="col" | {{Ref.}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Most runs|Most runs]]
| {{cricon|IND}} [[Virat Kohli]] || 1,292 || [[2012 World Twenty20|2012]] – [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]] || <ref name="mr">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most runs |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Most runs in a tournament|Most runs in a tournament]]
| {{cricon|PAK}} [[Sahibzada Farhan]] || 383 || [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]] || <ref name="mrt">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most runs in a series |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Highest individual scores|Highest score]]
| {{cricon|NZ}} [[Brendon McCullum]] v {{cr|BAN}} at [[Pallekele International Cricket Stadium|Kandy]] || 123 || [[2012 World Twenty20|2012]] || <ref name="hs">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=highest scores |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
! scope="rowgroup" rowspan="2" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Most centuries|Most centuries]]
| {{cricon|WIN}} [[Chris Gayle]] || rowspan="2" | 2 || [[2007 World Twenty20|2007]] – [[2021 Men's T20 World Cup|2021]] || rowspan="2" |<ref name="mc">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most centuries |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
| {{cricon|PAK}} [[Sahibzada Farhan]] || [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]]
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Highest partnerships (any wicket)|Highest partnership]]
| {{cricon|PAK}} [[Sahibzada Farhan]] & [[Fakhar Zaman (cricketer)|Fakhar Zaman]] v {{cr|SL}} at [[Pallekele International Cricket Stadium|Kandy]] || 176 || [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]] || <ref name="hpr">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=highest partnerships by runs |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|}

=== Bowling records ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
! scope="col" | Record for
! scope="col" | Record holder
! scope="col" | Record
! scope="col" | Tournament(s)
! scope="col" | {{Ref.}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Most career wickets|Most wickets]]
| {{cricon|BAN}} [[Shakib Al Hasan]] || 50 || [[2007 World Twenty20|2007]]–[[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]] || <ref name="mw">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most wickets |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Most wickets in a tournament|Most wickets in a tournament]]
| {{cricon|AFG}} [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] and {{cricon|IND}} [[Arshdeep Singh]] || 17 || [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]] || <ref name="mwt">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most wickets in a series |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Best bowling figures|Best bowling figures]]
| {{cricon|SL}} [[Ajantha Mendis]] v {{cr|ZIM}} at [[Mahinda Rajapaksa International Cricket Stadium|Hambantota]] || 6/8 || [[2012 World Twenty20|2012]] || <ref name="bbi">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=bbi |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|}

=== Fielding records ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
! scope="col" | Record for
! scope="col" | Record holder
! scope="col" | Record
! scope="col" | Tournament(s)
! scope="col" | {{Ref.}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Most dismissals (wicketkeeper)|Most wicket-keeper dismissals]]
| {{cricon|SA}} [[Quinton de Kock]] || 39 || [[2014 World Twenty20|2014]] – [[2026 Men's T20 World Cup|2026]] || <ref name="mwkd">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most dismissals |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#One tournament 2|Most wicket-keeper dismissals in a tournament]]
| {{cricon|IND}} [[Rishabh Pant]] || 14 || [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]] || <ref name="mwkdt">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most dismissals in a series |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | [[Men's T20 World Cup records#Most catches (fielder)|Most catches]]
| {{cricon|AUS}} [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] || 25 || [[2009 World Twenty20|2009]] – [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup|2024]] || <ref name="mfc">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |rec=most catches |access-date=9 March 2026 |dynamic=y}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://www.t20worldcup.com/}}
* {{ESPNcricinfo 2|trophy|id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89}}

{{Navboxes|title=Men's T20 World Cup |list=
{{Men's T20 World Cup}}
{{Countries at the Men's T20 World Cup}}
{{Men's T20 World Cup winners}}
{{Player of the tournament in Men's T20 World Cup}}
{{Player of the match in Men's T20 World Cup final}}
}}
{{International cricket}}
{{Main world cups}}
{{Main world championships}}

[[Category:Men's T20 World Cup|*]]
[[Category:International Cricket Council events|T20I]]
[[Category:World championships in cricket|T20I]]
[[Category:Recurring sporting events established in 2007]]

2024 Men's T20 World Cup

2026-09-07T06:58:15Z

Simba: Created page with "{{Short description|Ninth edition of the Men's T20 World Cup}} {{good article}} {{Use British English|date=January 2025}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}} {{Infobox cricket tournament | name = 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup | image = 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup logo.svg | administrator = International Cricket Council | cricket format = Twenty20 International | tournament format = Group stage, Super 8s and ..."

{{Short description|Ninth edition of the Men's T20 World Cup}}
{{good article}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox cricket tournament
| name = 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup
| image = 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup logo.svg
| administrator = [[International Cricket Council]]
| cricket format = [[Twenty20 International]]
| tournament format = [[Tournament#Group stage|Group stage]], [[Men's T20 World Cup#Format|Super 8s]] and [[Single-elimination tournament|Knockout stage]]
| host = {{ubl|West Indies|United States}}
| fromdate = 1
| todate = 29 June 2024
| champions = {{cr|IND}}
| runner up = {{cr|SA}}
| count = 2
| participants = 20
| matches = 55
| attendance =
| player of the series = {{cricon|IND}} [[Jasprit Bumrah]]
| most runs = {{cricon|AFG}} [[Rahmanullah Gurbaz]] (281)
| most wickets = {{cricon|AFG}} [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] (17) {{cricon|IND}} [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] (17)
| website = [https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/ icc-cricket.com]
| previous_year = 2022
| previous_tournament = 2022 Men's T20 World Cup
| next_year = 2026
| next_tournament = 2026 Men's T20 World Cup
}}

The '''2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup''' was the ninth edition of the [[ICC Men's T20 World Cup]], co-hosted by [[Cricket West Indies]] and [[USA Cricket]] from 1 to 29 June 2024. It was the first major [[International Cricket Council|ICC]] tournament to include matches played in the United States. The West Indies had previously hosted the [[2010 World Twenty20|2010 competition]]. A total of twenty teams competed in 55 matches across six venues in the West Indies, and three in the United States with a total attendance of 190,000 in those three venues.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shafiq|first=Saman|date=26 June 2024|title=US shows 'unprecedented interest' in cricket as 190,000 attend T20 World Cup matches|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2024/06/26/t20-world-cup-cricket-us-attendance/74205475007/|website=usatoday.com|publisher=[[USA Today]]|access-date=30 June 2025}}</ref>

The number of participants was increased from sixteen to twenty teams, which included teams from the two hosts, the top eight teams from the 2022 edition, the two highest-ranked teams in the [[ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings]] not already qualified, and eight other teams determined through regional qualifiers. [[Canada national cricket team|Canada]] and [[Uganda national cricket team|Uganda]] qualified for the men's T20 World Cup for the first time; and the [[United States national cricket team|United States]] participated for the first time by virtue of being co-hosts.

[[England cricket team|England]] were the defending champions and were beaten in the [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup knockout stage#Semi-final 2|semi-finals]] by [[India national cricket team|India]], who went on to win their second T20 World Cup title, defeating [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] by seven runs in the [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup final|final]]. India won all their matches, and were the first team to win a T20 World Cup while undefeated. They joined England and [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] as the only teams to win the title twice.

== Background ==
The [[ICC Men's T20 World Cup]] is a biennial [[world cup]] for [[cricket]] in [[Twenty20 International]] (T20I) format, organised by the [[International Cricket Council]] (ICC).<ref name="WorldCupformat"/> It was first played in [[2007 World Twenty20|2007]] in South Africa,<ref name="2007wt20">{{cite news |first=Paresh |last=Soni |title=ICC World Twenty20 |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/7009035.stm |work=[[BBC]] |date=24 September 2007 |access-date=24 September 2007 |archive-date=9 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409214356/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/7009035.stm |url-status=live}}</ref> and the 2024 tournament marked its ninth edition.<ref name="WorldCupformat">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/articles/cj7mmedrjryo |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup format, rules & past winners |work=[[BBC Sport]] |date=14 May 2024 |access-date=11 March 2025 |archive-date=13 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241213204103/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/articles/cj7mmedrjryo |url-status=live }}</ref> The eighth edition, held in [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022]] in Australia, was contested by 16 teams,<ref name="2022t20wc">{{Cite web |date=7 August 2020 |title=Men's T20WC 2021 in India, 2022 in Australia; Women's CWC postponed |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/mens-t20wc-2021-in-india-2022-in-australia-womens-cwc-postponed |access-date=20 February 2025 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref> and was won by [[England cricket team|England]] who defeated [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]] in the [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup final|final]].<ref name="22f">{{Cite news |title=Sam Curran and Ben Stokes the heroes of the final as England break Pakistan hearts |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2022-23-1298134/england-vs-pakistan-final-1298179/match-report |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |date=13 November 2022 |access-date=18 November 2022 |archive-date=18 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221118202331/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2022-23-1298134/england-vs-pakistan-final-1298179/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Host selection ===
In November 2021, as part of the [[2024–2031 ICC men's hosts cycle]], the ICC announced that the 2024 Men's T20 World Cup would be played in the West Indies and the United States.<ref name="hc">{{Cite web |date=16 November 2021 |title=USA to stage T20 World Cup: 2024–2031 ICC Men's tournament hosts confirmed |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/usa-to-stage-t20-world-cup-2024-2031-icc-mens-tournament-hosts-confirmed |access-date=20 February 2025 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=5 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205110854/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2354682 |url-status=live }}</ref> A joint bid had been submitted by [[Cricket West Indies]] and [[USA Cricket]] following two years of preparation, and as part of a strategic partnership between the two associations.<ref name="hg">{{cite news|url=https://www.usacricket.org/team-usa-men/cricket-west-indies-and-usa-cricket-hail-successful-joint-bid-to-host-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-in-2024/|title=Cricket West Indies and USA Cricket hail successful joint bid to host ICC Men's T20 World Cup in 2024|publisher=[[USA Cricket]]|date=16 November 2021|access-date=21 October 2022|archive-date=21 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021081717/https://www.usacricket.org/team-usa-men/cricket-west-indies-and-usa-cricket-hail-successful-joint-bid-to-host-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-in-2024/|url-status=live}}</ref>

USA Cricket's co-hosting was part of efforts to help develop and promote cricket in the United States, where the sport's fanbase largely consists of [[South Asian Americans|South Asian diaspora]].<ref name="US-cric">{{Cite web |last=Nerkar |first=Santul |date=24 October 2023 |title=Media Companies Eye Cricket-Loving Diaspora in the U.S. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/24/business/cricket-media-streaming.html |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Prior to this World Cup, the United States had occasionally hosted West Indies home matches at [[Central Broward Park]] in Florida, while a T20 franchise league known as [[Major League Cricket]] launched in 2023.<ref name="US-cric" /><ref name="US-cric2" />

The United States is associated with several notable developments in the early history of the game, including hosting [[Canada national cricket team|Canada]] in the [[Canadian cricket team in the United States in 1844|first international cricket match]], and American cricketer [[Bart King]] being credited with the development of [[swing bowling]].<ref name="US-cric2">{{Cite web |last=Farrell |first=Melinda |title=The T20 World Cup has brought cricket to the US, but will it ever take off? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2024/6/1/icc-t20-world-cup-2024-will-cricket-finally-take-off-in-north-america-usa-vs-canada |access-date=9 June 2024 |website=[[Al Jazeera English]] |language=en |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609043241/https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2024/6/1/icc-t20-world-cup-2024-will-cricket-finally-take-off-in-north-america-usa-vs-canada |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="US-cric3">{{Cite web |date=29 May 2024 |title=T20 World Cup: History of cricket in the USA |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/cekkjxlvpp8o |access-date=9 June 2024 |website=[[BBC Sport]] |language=en-GB |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609043240/https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/cekkjxlvpp8o |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Format ===
The 20 qualifying teams were divided into four groups of five each. In the group stage, each team played four matches against one another in a [[Round-robin tournament|round-robin]]; the top two teams in each group advanced to the Super 8 stage, where they were placed into two groups of four teams each, and played three matches against one another. The top two teams in each group advanced to the knockout stage.<ref name="Format1">{{Cite web |date=21 November 2022 |title=New format, new location: How the 2024 T20 World Cup will look |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/new-format-new-location-how-the-2024-t20-world-cup-will-look |access-date=20 February 2025 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="24t20wc-pc"/>

Prior to the tournament, the ICC announced the eight [[seeding (sports)|seeded]] teams for the Super 8 stage based on their T20I rankings ahead of the tournament. After advancing from the group stage, the teams were placed in predetermined positions in the Super 8 stage, irrespective of their position in the group stage. If an unseeded team qualified at the expense of a seeded team, it took the position of the corresponding seeded team that failed to qualify from their group.<ref name="FAQs">{{cite news|author=Abhimanyu Bose|title=T20 World Cup 2024 FAQs: Timings, venues and more|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/t20-world-cup-2024-frequently-asked-questions-faqs-1435161|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=11 June 2024|date=27 May 2024|archive-date=11 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611051246/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/t20-world-cup-2024-frequently-asked-questions-faqs-1435161|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="24t20wc-pc"/>

=== Schedule ===
June 2024 was allocated to the tournament on the [[2023–2027 ICC Men's Future Tours Programme]].<ref name="FTP">{{Cite journal |title=2023–2027 ICC Men's FTP |url=https://i.imgci.com/db/DOWNLOAD/0000/0045/men-s_ftp_2023_2027.pdf |date=17 August 2022 |journal=[[ICC Men's Future Tours Programme]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=4 |via=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=9 February 2025 |access-date=21 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250209130126/https://i.imgci.com/db/DOWNLOAD/0000/0045/men-s_ftp_2023_2027.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> On 28 July 2023, [[ESPNcricinfo]] reported that the tournament would be played from 4 to 30 June 2024.<ref name="Schedule">{{cite news|title=Next Men's T20 World Cup set to be played from June 4 to 30, 2024|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/next-men-s-t20-world-cup-set-to-be-played-from-june-4-to-30-2024-1389921 |access-date=1 June 2024|date=28 July 2023|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=28 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728175902/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/next-men-s-t20-world-cup-set-to-be-played-from-june-4-to-30-2024-1389921|url-status=live }}</ref> The finalized schedule was announced on 5 January 2024, with the tournament scheduled to take place from 1 to 29 June. The teams played 55 matches with three cities in the United States hosting 12 matches and the rest of the matches hosted at six venues in the Caribbean.<ref name="Schedule2">{{cite news|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/groups-fixtures-confirmed-for-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|title=Groups, fixtures confirmed for ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024|date=5 January 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=10 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310012104/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/groups-fixtures-confirmed-for-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|url-status=live}}</ref> On 16 May 2024, the ICC announced that warm-up fixtures would be held from 27 May to 1 June.<ref name="warm-up">{{cite news|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/warm-up-fixtures-announced-for-the-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|title=Warm-up fixtures announced for the ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|access-date=1 June 2024|date=16 May 2024|archive-date=27 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527131541/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/warm-up-fixtures-announced-for-the-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Prize money ===
The ICC allocated a pool of [[United States dollar|$]]11.25 million in prize money for the tournament. The winners would be given at least $2.45 million, the highest prize money in the history of the tournament. Moreover, each team would receive an additional $31,154 for each match they won, excluding the semi-finals and final.<ref name="prize">{{cite news|date=3 June 2024|title=Highest prize money announced for historic ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/highest-prize-money-announced-for-historic-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|access-date=4 June 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=4 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604035955/https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/highest-prize-money-announced-for-historic-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|+ Prize money allocation for the tournament
! rowspan="2" scope=col | Place
! rowspan="2" scope=col | Teams
! colspan="2" scope=colgroup | Amount
|-
! scope=col | per side
! scope=col | Total
|-
| align=left | Champions || {{center|1}} || [[United States dollar|$]]2.45 million || [[United States dollar|$]]2.45 million
|-
| align=left | Runners-up || {{center|1}} || $1.28 million || $1.28 million
|-
| align=left | Semi-finalists || {{center|2}} || $787,500 || $1.575 million
|-
| align=left | 5th–8th place (Super 8) || {{center|4}} || $382,500 || $1.53 million
|-
| align=left | 9th–12th place (Group stage) || {{center|4}} || $247,500 || $0.99 million
|-
| align=left | 13th–20th place (Group stage) || {{center|8}} || $225,000 || $1.8 million
|-
| align=left | Match winners || {{center|52}} || $31,154 || $1.62 million
|- class=sortbottom
! align=left | Total || {{center|20}} || colspan="2" | $11.25 million
|}

=== Marketing ===
The ICC hosted a trophy tour, before the tournament, which began on 19 March in New York, and the trophy was taken to various locations around the world.<ref name="trophy-tour">{{cite news|date=26 March 2024|title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 Trophy Tour Begins in New York |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-trophy-tour-begins-in-new-york|access-date=29 April 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]}}</ref> Former cricketers [[Yuvraj Singh]],<ref name="Singh">{{cite news|date=26 April 2024|title=Yuvraj Singh named ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 Ambassador|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/yuvraj-singh-named-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-ambassador|access-date=29 April 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=29 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429160750/https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/yuvraj-singh-named-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-ambassador|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Chris Gayle]] and [[Shahid Afridi]],<ref name="Afridi">{{cite news|date=24 May 2024|title=Former Pakistan captain revealed as tournament ambassador for Men's T20 World Cup 2024|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/former-pakistan-captain-revealed-as-tournament-ambassador-for-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|access-date=24 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=24 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524145400/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/former-pakistan-captain-revealed-as-tournament-ambassador-for-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|url-status=live}}</ref> as well as Olympic athlete [[Usain Bolt]],<ref name="Bolt">{{cite news|date=25 April 2024|title=Usain Bolt appointed ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 Ambassador|url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1144868/bolt-icc-men-t20-world-cup-ambassador|access-date=3 May 2024|work=[[Inside the Games]]|archive-date=3 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503055539/https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1144868/bolt-icc-men-t20-world-cup-ambassador|url-status=live}}</ref> were named as the ambassadors of the tournament.<ref name="ambassadors">{{cite news|date=26 April 2024|title=T20 World Cup 2024 Ambassadors: List of ICC ambassadors for World T20|url=https://www.sportingnews.com/in/cricket/news/icc-t20-world-cup-2024-list-ambassadors-world-t20/4f1178b1edc333487d8fd278|access-date=29 April 2024|work=[[The Sporting News]]|archive-date=29 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429160750/https://www.sportingnews.com/in/cricket/news/icc-t20-world-cup-2024-list-ambassadors-world-t20/4f1178b1edc333487d8fd278|url-status=live}}</ref> The official theme song for the tournament, "Out of This World", produced by Tano and performed by [[Sean Paul]] and [[Kes (band)|Kes]], was released on 2 May 2024 under the Ineffable Records label.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/videos/out-of-this-world-by-sean-paul-and-kes-the-official-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-anthem |title='Out of this World' by Sean Paul and Kes: The official ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 anthem |language=en |access-date=28 February 2025 |via=[[International Cricket Council]] |archive-date=13 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113220544/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/videos/out-of-this-world-by-sean-paul-and-kes-the-official-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-anthem |url-status=live }}</ref> The song has three [[remix]] versions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Out Of This World (ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 Official Anthem) (Remixes), by Sean Paul x Kes |url=https://ineffablerecords.bandcamp.com/album/out-of-this-world-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-official-anthem-remixes |access-date=28 February 2025 |website=Ineffable Records |language=en |archive-date=26 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240826074456/https://ineffablerecords.bandcamp.com/album/out-of-this-world-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-official-anthem-remixes |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Qualification ==
{{Main|2024 Men's T20 World Cup qualification}}
The hosts, the [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] and the [[United States national cricket team|United States]], along with the top eight teams from the [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup|2022 tournament]], automatically qualified for the tournament. The remaining two automatic qualification places were taken by the best-ranked teams in the [[ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings]], which had not already qualified as of 14 November 2022.<ref name="AutoQ">{{cite news|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/top-eight-teams-as-well-as-hosts-wi-and-usa-to-get-automatic-entry-into-2024-t20-world-cup-1310292|title=Twelve teams to get automatic entry into 2024 men's T20 World Cup|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=10 April 2022|archive-date=10 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410152032/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/top-eight-teams-as-well-as-hosts-wi-and-usa-to-get-automatic-entry-into-2024-t20-world-cup-1310292|url-status=live}}</ref> The eight remaining places were filled via the ICC's regional qualifiers, consisting of two teams from [[Africa]], [[Asia]], and [[Europe]] and one team each from the [[Americas]] and the [[East Asia]]-Pacific groups.<ref name="QualPath">{{Cite web |date=10 April 2022 |title=Qualification pathway for marquee ICC events confirmed |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/qualification-pathway-for-marquee-icc-events-confirmed |access-date=20 February 2025 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=7 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507162417/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/qualification-pathway-for-marquee-icc-events-confirmed |url-status=live }}</ref> In May 2022, the ICC confirmed the sub-regional qualification pathways for Europe, East Asia-Pacific, and Africa.<ref name="RegQ">{{Cite web |date=31 May 2022 |title=Qualification pathway for ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 announced |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/qualification-pathway-for-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-announced |access-date=20 February 2025 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref>

In July 2023, [[Ireland cricket team|Ireland]] and [[Scotland national cricket team|Scotland]] qualified from the [[2022–23 Men's T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier|Europe Qualifier]],<ref name="EuropeQ">{{cite news|title=Ireland and Scotland seal their place in 2024 Men's T20 World Cup|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/europe-region-qualifier-ireland-scotland-qualify-for-2024-men-s-t20-world-cup-1389593|access-date=1 June 2024|date=27 July 2023|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=8 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108045653/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/europe-region-qualifier-ireland-scotland-qualify-for-2024-men-s-t20-world-cup-1389593|url-status=live}}</ref> followed by [[Papua New Guinea national cricket team|Papua New Guinea]] from the [[2022–23 Men's T20 World Cup East Asia-Pacific Qualifier|East Asia-Pacific Qualifier]].<ref name="EAPQ">{{cite news|title=Papua New Guinea qualify for 2024 Men's T20 World Cup|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/2024-mens-t20-world-cup-papua-new-guinea-qualify-from-east-asia-pacific-region-1389780|date=28 July 2023|access-date=6 June 2024|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=7 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107060135/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/2024-mens-t20-world-cup-papua-new-guinea-qualify-from-east-asia-pacific-region-1389780 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Canada national cricket team|Canada]] secured its qualification in October 2023 after winning the [[2023 Men's T20 World Cup Americas Qualifier|Americas Qualifier]].<ref name="AmericasQ">{{cite news|title=Dhaliwal, Sana star as Canada qualify for T20 World Cup for the first time in their history|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-americas-region-final-2023-24-1399133/bermuda-vs-canada-12th-match-1399161/match-report|access-date=1 June 2024|date=7 October 2023|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=6 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106055557/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-americas-region-final-2023-24-1399133/bermuda-vs-canada-12th-match-1399161/match-report|url-status=live}}</ref> The following month, [[Nepal national cricket team|Nepal]] and [[Oman national cricket team|Oman]] qualified by reaching the final of the [[2023 Men's T20 World Cup Asia Qualifier|Asia Qualifier]] in Nepal.<ref name="AsiaQ">{{cite news|title=Nepal and Oman qualify for 2024 men's T20 World Cup|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/nepal-and-oman-qualify-for-2024-mens-t20-world-cup-1406860|date=3 November 2023|access-date=1 June 2024|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=3 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103114658/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/nepal-and-oman-qualify-for-2024-mens-t20-world-cup-1406860|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Namibia national cricket team|Namibia]] and [[Uganda national cricket team|Uganda]] became the final two teams to qualify after being assured of a top-two finish in the [[2022–23 Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier|Africa Qualifier]],<ref name="AfricaQ">{{cite news|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/africa-region-qualifier-namibia-seal-their-spot-in-2024-t20-world-cup-1410937|title=Namibia seal their spot in 2024 T20 World Cup|access-date=28 November 2023|date=30 November 2023|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=28 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128135144/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/africa-region-qualifier-namibia-seal-their-spot-in-2024-t20-world-cup-1410937|url-status= live}}</ref> with [[Zimbabwe national cricket team|Zimbabwe]] becoming the only Test-playing country that failed to qualify for the World Cup.<ref name="Zimbabwe">{{cite news|title=Zimbabwe fail to qualify for 2024 T20 World Cup; Uganda make it|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/2024-mens-t20-world-cup-uganda-qualify-zimbabwe-knocked-out-1411119|access-date=30 November 2023|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |date=30 November 2023|archive-date=30 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231130123359/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/2024-mens-t20-world-cup-uganda-qualify-zimbabwe-knocked-out-1411119|url-status=live}}</ref> Canada and Uganda qualified for the men's T20 World Cup for the first time,<ref name="etk1">{{cite news|title=T20 World Cup 2024: Dates, Groups, Venues|work=[[NDTV]]|date=30 May 2024|access-date=1 July 2022|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/t20-world-cup-2024-dates-groups-venues-everything-you-need-to-know-5779807|archive-date=30 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530124703/https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/t20-world-cup-2024-dates-groups-venues-everything-you-need-to-know-5779807|url-status=live}}</ref> while the United States also participated for the first time by virtue of being co-host.<ref name="USA-hostQ">{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/61083748|title=2024 T20 World Cup: USA granted automatic qualification|work=[[BBC]]|date=12 April 2022|access-date=12 April 2022|archive-date=12 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220412134824/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/61083748 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:2024 ICC Mens T20 World Cup Participating nations.svg|right|thumb|alt=Map highlighting the countries at the 2024 T20 World Cup qualification pathway|Countries that participated in the 2024 T20 World Cup qualification pathway.]]

{{Table alignment}}
{| class="wikitable sortable defaultcenter col1left col3left"
|+ Teams qualified for the tournament
! scope=col | Method of qualification
! scope=col | No. of teams
! scope=col | Teams
! scope=col | [[ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings|T20I ranking]]{{Efn|The [[ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings]] of the respective team ahead of the tournament.}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | Hosts || rowspan="2" | '''2''' || {{cr|WIN}} || 4
|-
| {{cr|USA}} || 18
|-
| rowspan="8" | [[2022 Men's T20 World Cup]] (Top 8 teams from the previous tournament) || rowspan="8" | '''8''' || {{cr|AUS}} || 2
|-
| {{cr|ENG}} || 3
|-
| {{cr|IND}} || 1
|-
| {{cr|NED}} || 15
|-
| {{cr|NZ}} || 5
|-
| {{cr|PAK}} || 6
|-
| {{cr|SA}} || 7
|-
| {{cr|SL}} || 8
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings]] || rowspan="2" | '''2''' || {{cr|AFG}} || 10
|-
| {{cr|BAN}} || 9
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[2023 Men's T20 World Cup Europe regional final|Europe Qualifier]] || rowspan="2" | '''2''' || {{cr|IRE}} || 11
|-
| {{cr|SCO}} || 14
|-
| [[2023 Men's T20 World Cup EAP regional final|East Asia-Pacific Qualifier]] || '''1''' || {{Cr|PNG}} || 20
|-
| [[2023 Men's T20 World Cup Americas regional final|Americas Qualifier]] || '''1''' || {{cr|CAN}} || 23
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[2023 Men's T20 World Cup Asia regional final|Asia Qualifier]] || rowspan="2" | '''2''' || {{cr|NEP}} || 17
|-
| {{cr|OMA}} || 19
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[2023 Men's T20 World Cup Africa regional final|Africa Qualifier]] || rowspan="2" | '''2''' || {{Cr|NAM}} || 13
|-
| {{Cr|UGA}} || 22
|- class=sortbottom
! Total || 20 || ||
|}{{notelist}}

== Venues ==
In May 2023, [[Cricket West Indies]] (CWI) began a bidding process for countries in the Caribbean region willing to host the matches of the World Cup.<ref name="venue-bid">{{cite news|date=3 May 2023|title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 Caribbean bid process takes centre stage|url=https://www.windiescricket.com/news/icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-caribbean-bid-process-takes-centre-stage/|access-date=1 December 2023|work=Windies Cricket|archive-date=1 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801050319/https://www.windiescricket.com/news/icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-caribbean-bid-process-takes-centre-stage/|url-status=live}}</ref> In July 2023, the ICC shortlisted four venues to host World Cup matches in the United States: [[Central Broward Park]] in [[Lauderhill, Florida]]; [[Church Street Park]] in [[Morrisville, North Carolina]]; [[Grand Prairie Stadium]] in [[Grand Prairie, Texas]]; and a temporary stadium at [[Van Cortlandt Park]] in [[the Bronx]], New York City.<ref name="Schedule"/> Residents of the Bronx objected to the Van Cortlandt Park stadium, citing that it would restrict public access to the park for an extended time, expressing concerns for its environmental impact, and questioning the economic viability of the event.<ref name="Bronx1">{{cite news|last=Custodio|first=Jonathan|date=21 August 2023|title=Dozens of Bronx Groups Object to 34,000-Seat Cricket Stadium in Van Cortlandt Park|url=http://www.thecity.nyc/2023/08/21/community-oppose-cricket-stadium-bronx/|access-date=1 December 2023|work=[[The City (website)|The City]]|archive-date=28 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128161834/https://www.thecity.nyc/2023/08/21/community-oppose-cricket-stadium-bronx/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Bronx2">{{cite news|last=Overmyer|first=Steve|date=1 September 2023|title=Temporary stadium to be built in the Bronx for Cricket World Cup, sparking mixed reactions from community|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/bronx-cricket-world-cup-stadium-van-cortlandt-park/|access-date=1 December 2023|work=[[CBS New York]]|archive-date=6 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106225926/https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/bronx-cricket-world-cup-stadium-van-cortlandt-park/|url-status=live}}</ref> On 20 September 2023, the ICC announced that Grand Prairie, Lauderhill, and New York would be the three U.S. host cities, with a 34,000-seat temporary stadium to be constructed at [[Eisenhower Park]] on [[Long Island]] in [[Nassau County, New York]].<ref name="NoBronx1">{{cite news|last=Botello|first=Camille|date=20 September 2023|title=Cricket stadium opponents relieved with ICC's decision to nix Van Cortlandt Park proposal, opt for Long Island site|url=https://www.bxtimes.com/cricket-stadium-nix-van-cortlandt/|access-date=1 December 2023|work=[[Bronx Times-Reporter]]|archive-date=6 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106225926/https://www.bxtimes.com/cricket-stadium-nix-van-cortlandt/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NoBronx2">{{cite news|last=Solis|first=Marcus|date=20 September 2023|title=Cricket T20 World Cup venue to be built in Nassau County, not Bronx like first proposed|url=https://abc7ny.com/cricket-world-cup-nassau-county-eisenhower-park-van-cortlandt/13805087/|access-date=1 December 2023|work=[[ABC7 New York]]|archive-date=8 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208170111/https://abc7ny.com/cricket-world-cup-nassau-county-eisenhower-park-van-cortlandt/13805087/|url-status=live}}</ref> Central Broward Park and Grand Prairie Stadium were to be expanded, with temporary grandstands and hospitality areas doubling their capacity during the tournament.<ref name="stadiums">{{cite report|title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 – Modular Stadium fact sheet|url=https://resources.pulse.icc-cricket.com/ICC/document/2023/09/20/b605b1bb-ed64-4f6d-9482-9b274de1cb27/Modular-Stadium-Fact-Sheet.pdf|access-date=29 September 2023|archive-date=2 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002143111/https://resources.pulse.icc-cricket.com/ICC/document/2023/09/20/b605b1bb-ed64-4f6d-9482-9b274de1cb27/Modular-Stadium-Fact-Sheet.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 22 September 2023, the ICC announced that [[Antigua and Barbuda]], [[Barbados]], [[Guyana]], [[Saint Lucia]], [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]], and [[Trinidad and Tobago]] would be the locations of venues in the West Indies.<ref name="venues-confirmed">{{Cite web |date=22 September 2023 |title=Caribbean, USA venues confirmed as ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 heads to the west |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/caribbean-usa-venues-confirmed-as-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-heads-to-the-west |access-date=25 February 2025 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en|archive-date=25 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925193009/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/3694302|url-status=live}}</ref>[[Grenada]], [[Jamaica]], and [[Saint Kitts and Nevis]] did not submit bids to host the World Cup,<ref name="venue-guide">{{cite news|date=29 May 2024|title=Welcoming the world: West Indies T20 World Cup 2024 venue guide|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/welcoming-the-world-west-indies-t20-world-cup-2024-venue-guide|access-date=1 June 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=1 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601055625/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/welcoming-the-world-west-indies-t20-world-cup-2024-venue-guide|url-status=live}}</ref> with Jamaican sports minister [[Olivia Grange]] ruling out a bid on cost grounds.<ref name="Jamaica">{{cite news|date=25 September 2023|title=2024 T20 World Cup: 'Cost-benefit analysis' convinced Jamaica to not bid to host games|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/t20-world-cup-2024-jamaica-sports-minister-explains-why-country-didnt-bid-to-host-games-1399934|access-date=30 November 2023|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=1 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201015159/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/t20-world-cup-2024-jamaica-sports-minister-explains-why-country-didnt-bid-to-host-games-1399934|url-status=live}}</ref> In November 2023, it was announced that Trinidad's [[Queen's Park Oval]], the country's primary cricket venue, would not be hosting any World Cup matches and that fixtures would be moved to the [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]] in [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]. Nigel Camacho, the president of the [[Queen's Park Cricket Club]], stated that the venue would instead most likely host warm-up matches before the start of the main tournament.<ref name="Brain-Lara">{{cite news|last=Walcott|first=Roneil|date=26 November 2023|title=No T20 World Cup games at the Oval, Brian Lara venue to host all fixtures|url=https://newsday.co.tt/2023/11/26/no-t20-world-cup-games-at-oval-brian-lara-venue-to-host-all-fixtures/|access-date=27 November 2023|work=[[Newsday]]|archive-date=28 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128102520/https://newsday.co.tt/2023/11/26/no-t20-world-cup-games-at-oval-brian-lara-venue-to-host-all-fixtures/|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Government of Dominica]] decided to withdraw its venue, [[Windsor Park (Dominica)|Windsor Park]], citing its inability to complete the infrastructural development of the venue before the tournament commenced.<ref name="Dominica">{{cite news|date=30 November 2023|title=Dominica pulls out of hosting T20 World Cup matches|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/mens-t20-world-cup-2024-dominica-pulls-out-as-host-venue-1411178|access-date=30 November 2023|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=1 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201021155/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/mens-t20-world-cup-2024-dominica-pulls-out-as-host-venue-1411178|url-status=live}}</ref>

In December 2023, a delegation of representatives from the ICC undertook an inspection of the confirmed host venues in the Caribbean and the United States, intending to finalise the fixtures for the tournament.<ref name="venue-inspection">{{cite news|title=ICC men's T20 World Cup West Indies & USA 2024: CWI and ICC on two-week inspection of match venues|url=https://www.windiescricket.com/news/icc-mens-t20-world-cup-west-indies-usa-2024|access-date=5 December 2023|work=Windies Cricket|archive-date=7 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207113029/https://www.windiescricket.com/news/icc-mens-t20-world-cup-west-indies-usa-2024/|url-status=live}}</ref> The New York stadium was slated to host the [[#match19|India–Pakistan group stage match]], which was considered one of the sport's strongest [[India–Pakistan cricket rivalry|rivalries]].<ref name="India–Pakistan">{{cite news|title=New York to host India v Pakistan Clash in 2024 T20 World Cup|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/dec/14/new-york-to-host-india-v-pakistan-clash-in-2024-t20-world-cup|access-date=15 December 2023|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=14 December 2023|last=Burnton|first=Simon}}</ref> On 17 January 2024, the ICC unveiled the proposed design of the temporary New York stadium—[[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]]—which was completed in May 2024, in time for the tournament.<ref name="NYC-proposal">{{cite news|last=Gollapudi|first=Nagraj|date=17 January 2024|title=ICC confirms New York's Eisenhower Park will not host international games before T20 WC|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/new-york-s-eisenhower-park-unlikely-to-host-any-international-games-before-t20-world-cup-1417076|access-date=18 January 2024|publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612071617/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/new-york-s-eisenhower-park-unlikely-to-host-any-international-games-before-t20-world-cup-1417076|url-status=live}}</ref> It marked the first temporary venue to have ever been used during an ICC World Cup.<ref name="NYC-stadium">{{Cite web |last=Hernández |first=Kristian |date=11 June 2024 |title=Men's T20 Cricket World Cup: PMY Group, Populous Get Nassau County International Cricket Stadium Ready in Record Time |url=https://www.sportsvideo.org/2024/06/11/mens-t20-cricket-world-cup-pmy-group-populous-get-nassau-county-international-cricket-stadium-ready-in-record-time/ |access-date=15 June 2024 |website=Sports Video Group |language=en |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615001200/https://www.sportsvideo.org/2024/06/11/mens-t20-cricket-world-cup-pmy-group-populous-get-nassau-county-international-cricket-stadium-ready-in-record-time/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{col-begin}}
{{col-break|width=50%}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"
! colspan="3" | Venues in the West Indies
|-
| style="background:#ececec;color:#2C2C2C;vertical-align:middle;" colspan="3" | {{location map+ |CFU|float=center |width=320 |caption= |alt=A map of the Caribbean region with pin-points on 2024 Men's T20 World Cup venues |places=
{{location map~ |CFU |lat=14.08 |long=-60.95 |label=[[Saint Lucia|St Lucia]] |position=top}}
{{location map~ |CFU |lat=13.10 |long=-59.62 |label=[[Barbados]] |position=right}}
{{location map~ |CFU |lat=10.17 |long=-61.28 |label=[[Trinidad and Tobago|Trinidad]] |position=rightt}}
{{location map~ |CFU |lat=17.12 |long=-61.78 |label=[[Antigua]] |position=right}}
{{location map~ |CFU |lat=6.80 |long=-58.16 |label=[[Guyana]] |position=right}}
{{location map~ |CFU |lat=13.10 |long=-61.13 |label=[[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|St Vincent]] |position=left}}
}}
|-
! [[Antigua and Barbuda|Antigua & Barbuda]]
! [[Barbados]]
! [[Guyana]]
|-
| [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]]
| [[Kensington Oval]]
| [[Providence Stadium]]
|-
| Capacity: '''10,000'''
| Capacity: '''28,000'''
| Capacity: '''20,000'''
|-
| Matches: '''8'''
| Matches: '''9 (Final)'''
| Matches: '''6 (Semi-final 2)'''
|-
| [[File:SVRStadium.jpg|150px|alt=Sir Vivian Richards Stadium in 2015]]
| [[File:Kensington Oval yes.jpg|150px|alt=Kensington Oval in 2007]]
| [[File:One Day Cricket - panoramio.jpg|150px|alt=Providence Stadium in 2011]]
|-
! [[Saint Lucia]]
! [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|St. Vincent & the Grenadines]]
! [[Trinidad and Tobago|Trinidad & Tobago]]
|-
| [[Daren Sammy Cricket Ground]]
| [[Arnos Vale Stadium]]
| [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]]
|-
| Capacity: '''15,000'''
| Capacity: '''18,000'''
| Capacity: '''15,000'''
|-
| Matches: '''6'''
| Matches: '''5'''
| Matches: '''5 (Semi-final 1)'''
|-
| [[File:Beausejour Stadium Cricket St Lucia.jpg|150px|alt=Daren Sammy Cricket Ground in 2011]]
| [[File:Arnos vale ground.jpg|150px|alt=Arnos Vale Stadium in 2023]]
| [[File:Brian Lara Stadium.jpg|150px|alt=Brian Lara Cricket Academy in 2010]]
|}
{{col-break|width=50%}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"
! colspan="3" | Venues in the United States
|-
| style="background:#ececec;color:#2C2C2C;vertical-align:middle;" colspan="3" | {{location map+ |USA |AlternativeMap=USA edcp location map lite.svg |float=center |width=450 |caption= |alt=A map of the United States with pin-points on 2024 Men's T20 World Cup venues |places=
{{location map~ |USA |lat=32.74 |long=-97.00 |label=[[Texas]] |position=right}}
{{location map~ |USA |lat=26.96 |long=-80.14 |label=[[Florida]] |position=left}}
{{location map~ |USA |lat=40.42 |long=-73.33 |label=[[New York (state)|New York]] |position=left}}
}}
|-
! [[Florida]]
! [[New York (state)|New York]]
! [[Texas]]
|-
| [[Central Broward Park]]
| [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium|Nassau County Stadium]]
| [[Grand Prairie Stadium]]
|-
| Capacity: '''25,000'''{{efn|The capacity of this stadium was expanded using temporary seating during the competition.|name=expand}}
| Capacity: '''34,000'''
| Capacity: '''15,000'''{{efn|name=expand}}
|-
| Matches: '''4'''
| Matches: '''8'''
| Matches: '''4'''
|-
| [[File:CBRegionalPark.jpg|150px|alt=Central Broward Park in 2008]]
| [[File:২০২৪ টি২০ বিশ্বকাপের সময় নাসাউ কাউন্টি আন্তর্জাতিক ক্রিকেট স্টেডিয়াম.jpg|150px|alt=Nassau County Stadium in 2024]]
| [[File:Grand Prairie Stadium seating, April 2024.jpg|150px|alt=Grand Prairie Stadium in 2024]]
|-
| colspan="3" | {{notelist}}
|}
{{col-end}}

== Squads ==
{{Main|2024 Men's T20 World Cup squads}}

Each team was allowed to have a squad of 15 players and was required submit the provisional squad to the ICC by 1 May 2024. The teams were allowed to make changes to their squads until 25 May.<ref name="squad-deadline">{{cite news|title=2024 T20 World Cup: When will the teams be finalized? ICC deadline approaching fast|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2024/04/26/t20-world-cup-2024-teams-deadline/73471289007/|access-date=29 April 2024|date=26 April 2024|website=[[USA Today]]|archive-date=29 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429030901/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2024/04/26/t20-world-cup-2024-teams-deadline/73471289007/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="final-squads">{{cite news|title=Every squad for the men's T20 World Cup|url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/3989959/every-squad-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-usa-caribbean-player-lists-names-injuries-changes|access-date=1 June 2024|date=27 May 2024|website=[[Cricket Australia]]|archive-date=2 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602045006/https://www.cricket.com.au/news/3989959/every-squad-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-usa-caribbean-player-lists-names-injuries-changes|url-status=live}}</ref> On 29 April 2024, [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] was the first team to announce its squad for the tournament.<ref name="NZ-squad">{{cite news|title=New Zealand name T20 World Cup 2024 squad|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/new-zealand-name-t20-world-cup-2024-squad|date=29 April 2024|access-date=29 April 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=29 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429024838/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/new-zealand-name-t20-world-cup-2024-squad|url-status=live}}</ref> The following day, [[Afghanistan national cricket team|Afghanistan]],<ref name="AFG-squad">{{cite news|date=30 April 2024|title=Afghanistan announce T20 World Cup 2024 squad|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/afghanistan-announce-t20-world-cup-2024-squad|access-date=1 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=1 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501063112/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/afghanistan-announce-t20-world-cup-2024-squad|url-status=live}}</ref> [[England cricket team|England]],<ref name="ENG-squad">{{cite news|date=29 April 2024|title=England Men name preliminary ICC Men's T20 World Cup squad|url=http://www.ecb.co.uk/news/3990061|access-date=1 June 2024|work=[[BBC]]|archive-date=1 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501155117/https://www.ecb.co.uk/news/3990061|url-status=live}}</ref> [[India national cricket team|India]],<ref name="IND-squad">{{cite news|date=30 April 2024|access-date=1 June 2024|title=India's T20 World Cup Squad: Yuzvendra Chahal, Sanju Samson, Rishabh Pant make the cut; KL Rahul ignored|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/indias-t20-world-cup-2024-squad-announcement-bcci-set-for-selection-meeting/liveblog/109709626.cms|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=1 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501141756/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/indias-t20-world-cup-2024-squad-announcement-bcci-set-for-selection-meeting/liveblog/109709626.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Oman national cricket team|Oman]],<ref name="OMA-squad">{{cite news|date=30 April 2024|title=A new captain named as Oman put forward T20 World Cup squad|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/a-new-captain-named-as-oman-put-forward-t20-world-cup-squad|access-date=1 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=1 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501124730/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/a-new-captain-named-as-oman-put-forward-t20-world-cup-squad|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] announced their squads;<ref name="SA-squad">{{cite news|title=Cricket South Africa squad named|url=https://cricket.co.za/2024/04/30/proteas-mens-squad-named-for-2024-t20-world-cup/|date=30 April 2024|access-date=1 June 2024|work=Cricket South Africa|archive-date=3 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503112337/https://cricket.co.za/2024/04/30/proteas-mens-squad-named-for-2024-t20-world-cup/|url-status=dead}}</ref> followed by [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]]<ref name="AUS-squad">{{cite news|last=Cameron|first=Louis|title=Aussies reveal T20 World Cup squad, Marsh to lead|url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/3990756/australia-squad-reveal-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-caribbean-usa-mitch-marsh-named-captain|work=[[Cricket Australia]]|date=1 May 2024|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=14 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614055533/https://www.cricket.com.au/news/3990756/australia-squad-reveal-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-caribbean-usa-mitch-marsh-named-captain|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Nepal national cricket team|Nepal]] on 1 May;<ref name="NEP-squad">{{cite news|date=1 May 2024|title=Nepal put forward strong squad on T20 World Cup return|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/nepal-put-forward-squad-in-t20-world-cup-return|access-date=5 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=2 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502003404/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/nepal-put-forward-squad-in-t20-world-cup-return|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Canada national cricket team|Canada]] on 2 May;<ref name="CAN-squad">{{cite news|date=2 May 2024|title=Canada announces 2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup squad|url=https://www.cricketcanada.org/news-detail/2960/Canada-announces-2024-ICC-Men%E2%80%99s-T20-World-Cup-squad|access-date=2 May 2024|work=[[Cricket Canada]]|archive-date=2 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502043008/https://www.cricketcanada.org/news-detail/2960/Canada-announces-2024-ICC-Men%E2%80%99s-T20-World-Cup-squad|url-status=live}}</ref> co-hosts [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]]<ref name="WIN-squad">{{cite news|title=Co-hosts West Indies announce squad for T20 World Cup|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/co-hosts-west-indies-announce-squad-for-t20-world-cup|access-date=3 May 2024|date=3 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=3 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503144350/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/co-hosts-west-indies-announce-squad-for-t20-world-cup|url-status=live}}</ref> and the [[United States national cricket team|United States]] on 3 May;<ref name="USA-squad">{{cite news|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/world-cup-finalist-named-in-usa-t20-world-cup-2024-squad|title=World Cup finalist named in USA T20 World Cup 2024 squad|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|date=3 May 2024|access-date=3 May 2024|archive-date=3 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503144410/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/world-cup-finalist-named-in-usa-t20-world-cup-2024-squad|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Scotland national cricket team|Scotland]]<ref name="SCO-squad">{{cite news|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/key-players-return-to-scotland-s-squad-for-t20-world-cup|title=Key players return to Scotland's squad for T20 World Cup|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|access-date=6 May 2024|date=6 May 2024|archive-date=6 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506121421/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/key-players-return-to-scotland-s-squad-for-t20-world-cup|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Uganda national cricket team|Uganda]] on 6 May;<ref name="UGA-squad">{{cite news|date=6 May 2024|title=Uganda name squad for historic T20 World Cup appearance|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/uganda-name-squad-for-historic-t20-world-cup-appearance|access-date=6 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=6 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506111602/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/uganda-name-squad-for-historic-t20-world-cup-appearance|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Ireland cricket team|Ireland]]<ref name="IRE-squad">{{cite news|date=7 May 2024|title=Ireland announce squad for ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/ireland-announce-squad-for-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|access-date=7 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=7 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507152143/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/ireland-announce-squad-for-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Papua New Guinea national cricket team|Papua New Guinea]] on 7 May;<ref name="PNG-squad">{{cite news|date=7 May 2024|title=Papua New Guinea stick with experience in T20 World Cup 2024 squad|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/papua-new-guinea-stick-with-experience-in-t20-world-cup-2024-squad|access-date=7 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=8 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240508015813/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/papua-new-guinea-stick-with-experience-in-t20-world-cup-2024-squad|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]] on 9 May;<ref name="SL-squad">{{cite news|date=9 May 2024|title=Sri Lanka name star-studded squad for ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/sri-lanka-name-star-studded-squad-for-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|access-date=9 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=9 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240509134451/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/sri-lanka-name-star-studded-squad-for-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Namibia national cricket team|Namibia]] on 10 May;<ref name="NAM-squad">{{cite news|title=Erasmus to skipper as Namibia name squad for T20 World Cup|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/erasmus-to-skipper-as-namibia-name-squad-for-t20-world-cup|access-date=10 May 2024|date=10 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=10 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510143821/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/erasmus-to-skipper-as-namibia-name-squad-for-t20-world-cup|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Netherlands national cricket team|Netherlands]] on 13 May;<ref name="NED-squad">{{cite news|date=13 May 2024|title=Big names miss out as Netherlands announce squad for T20 World Cup|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/big-names-miss-out-as-netherlands-announce-squad-for-t20-world-cup|access-date=13 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=13 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240513141756/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/big-names-miss-out-as-netherlands-announce-squad-for-t20-world-cup|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Bangladesh national cricket team|Bangladesh]] on 14 May.<ref name="BAN-squad">{{cite news|access-date=14 May 2024|title=Shanto to lead Bangladesh's squad for T20 World Cup|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/shanto-to-lead-bangladesh-s-squad-for-t20-world-cup|date=14 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=14 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514083910/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/shanto-to-lead-bangladesh-s-squad-for-t20-world-cup|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]] became the final team to announce their squad for the tournament, on 24 May.<ref name="PAK-squad">{{cite news|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/pakistan-name-15-member-t20-world-cup-squad|title=Pakistan name 15-member T20 World Cup squad|date=24 May 2024|access-date=24 May 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=24 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524152724/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/pakistan-name-15-member-t20-world-cup-squad|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Match officials ==
On 3 May 2024, the ICC released the list of [[match referee]]s and [[Umpire (cricket)|umpire]]s for the tournament.<ref name="officials">{{cite news|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/match-officials-revealed-for-the-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|title=Match officials revealed for the ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|date=3 May 2024|access-date=3 May 2024|archive-date=3 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503104820/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/match-officials-revealed-for-the-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024|url-status=live}}</ref>

; Match referees
{{div col|colwidth=20em|content=
* {{flagicon|AUS}} [[David Boon]]
* {{flagicon|NZ}} [[Jeff Crowe]]
* {{flagicon|SL}} [[Ranjan Madugalle]]
* {{flagicon|ZIM}} [[Andy Pycroft]]
* {{flagicon|WIN}} [[Richie Richardson]]
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Javagal Srinath]]
}}

; Umpires
{{div col|colwidth=20em|content=
* {{flagicon|NZ}} [[Chris Brown (cricketer, born 1973)|Chris Brown]]
* {{flagicon|SL}} [[Kumar Dharmasena]]
* {{flagicon|NZ}} [[Chris Gaffaney]]
* {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]]
* {{flagicon|SA}} [[Adrian Holdstock]]
* {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Richard Illingworth]]
* {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Richard Kettleborough]]
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Jayaraman Madanagopal]]
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Nitin Menon]]
* {{flagicon|AUS}} [[Sam Nogajski]]
* {{flagicon|SA}} [[Allahudien Paleker]]
* {{flagicon|PAK}} [[Ahsan Raza]]
* {{flagicon|PAK}} [[Rashid Riaz]]
* {{flagicon|AUS}} [[Paul Reiffel]]
* {{flagicon|ZIM}} [[Langton Rusere]]
* {{flagicon|BAN}} [[Sharfuddoula]]
* {{flagicon|AUS}} [[Rod Tucker]]
* {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Alex Wharf]]
* {{flagicon|WIN}} [[Joel Wilson (umpire)|Joel Wilson]]
* {{flagicon|PAK}} [[Asif Yaqoob]]
}}

== Warm-up matches ==
The warm-up matches were played from 27 May to 1 June, and involved most of the teams, except England, New Zealand, Pakistan, and South Africa.<ref name="warm-up"/>

{{collapse top|Warm-up matches|bg=lightblue}}
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 1'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|27|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-5}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|CAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|NEP}}
| score1 = 183/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Nicholas Kirton]] 52 (39)
| wickets1 = [[Abinash Bohara]] 2/27 (3 overs)
| score2 = 120 (19.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Kushal Malla]] 37 (30)
| wickets2 = [[Dillon Heyliger]] 4/20 (2.3 overs)
| result = Canada won by 63 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434090.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Grand Prairie Stadium]], [[Dallas]]
| umpires = Jermaine Lindo (USA) and Rushane Samuels (WI)
| toss = Nepal won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 2'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|27|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|15:00|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|PNG}}
| team2 = {{cr|OMA}}
| score1 = 137/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Lega Siaka]] 28 (24)
| wickets1 = [[Aqib Ilyas]] 3/22 (4 overs)
| score2 = 141/7 (19.1 overs)
| runs2 = [[Zeeshan Maqsood]] 45 (42)
| wickets2 = [[Alei Nao]] 2/12 (3 overs)
| result = Oman won by 3 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434091.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]], [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]
| umpires = Christopher Taylor (WI) and [[Carl Tuckett]] (WI)
| toss = Oman won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 3'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|27|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|19:00|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|UGA}}
| team2 = {{cr|NAM}}
| score1 = 134/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Roger Mukasa]] 53[[not out|*]] (41)
| wickets1 = [[Jack Brassell]] 2/16 (4 overs)
| score2 = 135/5 (18.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Niko Davin]] 54 (34)
| wickets2 = [[Henry Ssenyondo]] 2/14 (3 overs)
| result = Namibia won by 5 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434092.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]], [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]
| umpires = [[Zahid Bassarath]] (WI) and [[Deighton Butler]] (WI)
| toss = Namibia won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 4'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|28|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|NED}}
| team2 = {{cr|SL}}
| score1 = 181/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Michael Levitt (cricketer)|Michael Levitt]] 55 (28)
| wickets1 = [[Dilshan Madushanka]] 2/39 (4 overs)
| score2 = 161 (18.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Wanindu Hasaranga]] 43 (15)
| wickets2 = [[Aryan Dutt]] 3/20 (2 overs)
| result = Netherlands won by 20 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434093.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Central Broward Park]], [[Lauderhill, Florida|Lauderhill]]
| umpires = Aditya Gajjar (USA) and [[Janapareddy Tarakeswara Rao|Tarakeswara Rao]] (Ind)
| toss = Sri Lanka won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 5'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|28|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-5}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|BAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|USA}}
| score1 =
| runs1 =
| wickets1 =
| score2 =
| runs2 =
| wickets2 =
| result = Match abandoned
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434094.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Grand Prairie Stadium]], [[Dallas]]
| umpires = Owen Brown (USA) and Jermaine Lindo (USA)
| toss = No toss.
| rain = Match abandoned due to bad weather.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 6'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|28|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|19:00|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|NAM}}
| team2 = {{cr|AUS}}
| score1 = 119/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Zane Green]] 38 (30)
| wickets1 = [[Adam Zampa]] 3/25 (4 overs)
| score2 = 123/3 (10 overs)
| runs2 = [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] 54[[not out|*]] (21)
| wickets2 = [[Bernard Scholtz]] 2/16 (2 overs)
| result = Australia won by 7 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434095.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Queen's Park Oval]], [[Port of Spain]]
| umpires = Christopher Taylor (WI) and [[Carl Tuckett]] (WI)
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 7'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|29|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|13:00|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|OMN}}
| team2 = {{cr|AFG}}
| score1 = 154/3 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Aqib Ilyas]] 66[[not out|*]] (48)
| wickets1 = [[Azmatullah Omarzai]] 1/23 (2 overs)
| score2 =
| runs2 =
| wickets2 =
| result = No result
| report =[https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434097.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Queen's Park Oval]], [[Port of Spain]]
| umpires = [[Zahid Bassarath]] (WI) and [[Deighton Butler]] (WI)
| toss = Afghanistan won the toss and elected to field.
| rain = Rain prevented any further play.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 8'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|30|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-5}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|USA}}
| team2 = {{cr|NEP}}
| score1 =
| runs1 =
| wickets1 =
| score2 =
| runs2 =
| wickets2 =
| result = No result
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434098.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Grand Prairie Stadium]], [[Dallas]]
| umpires = Owen Brown (USA) and Rushane Samuels (WI)
| toss = United States won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain = No play was possible due to rain.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 9'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|30|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|UGA}}
| team2 = {{cr|SCO}}
| score1 = 90/5 (18 overs)
| runs1 = [[Riazat Ali Shah]] 22 (34)
| wickets1 = [[Safyaan Sharif]] 2/16 (3 overs)
| score2 = 27/0 (1.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Oli Hairs]] 20[[not out|*]] (7)
| wickets2 =
| result = No result
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434099.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]], [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]
| umpires = Christopher Taylor (WI) and [[Carl Tuckett]] (WI)
| toss = Scotland won the toss and elected to field.
| rain = The match was reduced to 18 overs per side due to rain.
* Rain prevented any further play.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 10'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|30|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|15:00|-5}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|NED}}
| team2 = {{cr|CAN}}
| score1 =
| runs1 =
| wickets1 =
| score2 =
| runs2 =
| wickets2 =
| result = Match abandoned
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434100.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Grand Prairie Stadium]], [[Dallas]]
| umpires = Jermaine Lindo (USA) and Rushane Samuels (WI)
| toss = No toss.
| rain = No play was possible due to rain.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 11'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|30|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|15:00|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|PNG}}
| team2 = {{cr|NAM}}
| score1 = 109/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Sese Bau]] 29 (25)
| wickets1 = [[David Wiese]] 2/8 (3 overs)
| score2 = 93/6 (16.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Jan Frylinck]] 36 (39)
| wickets2 = [[Alei Nao]] 2/9 (2 overs)
| result = Namibia won by 3 runs ([[Duckworth–Lewis–Stern method|DLS method]])
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434101.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]], [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]
| umpires = Christopher Taylor (WI) and [[Carl Tuckett]] (WI)
| toss = Namibia won the toss and elected to field.
| rain = Namibia were set a revised target of 91.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 12'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|30|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|19:00|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|WIN}}
| team2 = {{cr|AUS}}
| score1 = 257/4 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Nicholas Pooran]] 75 (25)
| wickets1 = [[Adam Zampa]] 2/62 (4 overs)
| score2 = 222/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Josh Inglis]] 55 (30)
| wickets2 = [[Gudakesh Motie]] 2/31 (4 overs)
| result = West Indies won by 35 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434102.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Queen's Park Oval]], [[Port of Spain]]
| umpires = [[Zahid Bassarath]] (WI) and [[Deighton Butler]] (WI)
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 13'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|31|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SL}}
| team2 = {{cr|IRE}}
| score1 = 163/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Angelo Mathews]] 32[[Not out|*]] (30)
| wickets1 = [[Barry McCarthy]] 2/31 (2.4 overs)
| score2 = 122 (18.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Curtis Campher]] 26 (26)
| wickets2 = [[Dasun Shanaka]] 4/23 (3.2 overs)
| result = Sri Lanka won by 41 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-warm-up-matches-2024-1434088/ireland-vs-sri-lanka-warm-up-1434103/live-cricket-score Scorecard]
| venue = [[Central Broward Park]], [[Lauderhill, Florida|Lauderhill]]
| umpires = Aditya Gajjar (USA) and Vijaya Mallela (USA)
| toss = Ireland won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 14'''
| date = {{start date|2024|05|31|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AFG}}
| team2 = {{cr|SCO}}
| score1 = 178/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Gulbadin Naib]] 69 (30)
| wickets1 = [[Chris Sole]] 3/35 (4 overs)
| score2 = 123/9 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Mark Watt]] 34 (25)
| wickets2 = [[Karim Janat]] 2/13 (2 overs)
| result = Afghanistan won by 55 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434104.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Queen's Park Oval]], [[Port of Spain]]
| umpires = [[Zahid Bassarath]] (WI) and [[Deighton Butler]] (WI)
| toss = Afghanistan won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = '''Warm-up match 15'''
| date = {{start date|2024|06|01|df=y}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|BAN}}
| score1 = 182/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rishabh Pant]] 53 (32)
| wickets1 = [[Mahmudullah]] 1/16 (2 overs)
| score2 = 122/9 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Mahmudullah]] 40 (28)
| wickets2 = [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] 2/12 (3 overs)
| result = India won by 60 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1434105.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Chris Brown (cricketer, born 1973)|Chris Brown]] (NZ) and [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
{{cob}}

== Group stage ==
The ICC announced the groups and their fixtures on 5 January 2024, with the group stage matches being played from 1 to 17 June.<ref name="fixtures">{{cite news|date=5 January 2024|title=Fixtures revealed for historic ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 in West Indies and the USA|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/fixtures-revealed-for-historic-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-in-west-indies-and-the-usa|access-date=1 June 2024|publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]|archive-date=1 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601062529/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/fixtures-revealed-for-historic-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-in-west-indies-and-the-usa|url-status=live}}</ref> The 20 teams were divided into four groups of five with each team facing the other teams in the group for a total of 40 matches.<ref name="24t20wc-pc"/> The opening match was played with co-hosts United States facing Canada in the first ever [[List of Twenty20 International cricket grounds|T20I match]] at Grand Prairie Stadium on [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup group stage#match1|1 June]].<ref name="A1i">{{Cite web |date=2 June 2024 |title=USA vs CAN highlights, ICC T20 World Cup 2024: United States beat Canada by 7 wickets in Dallas |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/usa-vs-can-live-score-icc-t20-world-cup-2024-match-01-united-states-vs-canada-scorecard-updates-9366150/ |access-date=7 June 2024 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en |archive-date=7 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607025731/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/usa-vs-can-live-score-icc-t20-world-cup-2024-match-01-united-states-vs-canada-scorecard-updates-9366150/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Nassau County Stadium at New York hosted its first-ever international match on [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup group stage#match4|3 June]] between South Africa and Sri Lanka.<ref name="D1i">{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/this-is-unacceptable-icc-ripped-apart-for-terrible-drop-in-new-york-pitch-after-low-scoring-sl-vs-sa-t20-world-cup-match-101717463458932.html |title='This is unacceptable': ICC ripped apart for 'terrible' drop-in New York pitch after low-scoring SL vs SA T20WC match |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=4 June 2024 |access-date=4 June 2024 |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604023853/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/this-is-unacceptable-icc-ripped-apart-for-terrible-drop-in-new-york-pitch-after-low-scoring-sl-vs-sa-t20-world-cup-match-101717463458932.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The following table lists teams in order of their initial group stage seedings.<ref name=24t20wc-pc/>

{| class="wikitable"
! width=25% | Group A
! width=25% | Group B
! width=25% | Group C
! width=25% | Group D
|-
| valign="top" |
* {{cr|IND}}
* {{cr|PAK}}
* {{cr|IRE}}
* {{cr|CAN}}
* {{cr|USA}}
| valign="top" |
* {{cr|ENG}}
* {{cr|AUS}}
* {{cr|NAM}}
* {{cr|SCO}}
* {{cr|OMA}}
| valign="top" |
* {{cr|NZ}}
* {{cr|WIN}}
* {{cr|AFG}}
* {{cr|UGA}}
* {{cr|PNG}}
| valign="top" |
* {{cr|SA}}
* {{cr|SL}}
* {{cr|BAN}}
* {{cr|NED}}
* {{cr|NEP}}
|}

=== Group A ===
<section begin=groupA />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=CricketRR
|show_tie=no
|source = [[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref name=24t20wc-pt>{{ESPNcricinfo 2|series|ref=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/points-table-standings|title=2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, points table standings|access-date=2024-07-01|dynamic=y}}</ref>
|class_rules=1) Points; 2) Wins; 3) [[Net run rate]]; 4) Results of games between tied teams; 5) Initial group stage seedings<ref name="24t20wc-pc">{{Cite journal |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |date=15 May 2024 |journal=[[ICC playing conditions|ICC Men's T20 World Cup, playing conditions]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610115930/https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2024}}</ref>
|update=complete

|team1=IND
|team2=USA
|team3=PAK
|team4=CAN
|team5=IRE

|win_CAN=1 |loss_CAN=2 |nr_CAN=1 |nrr_CAN=-0.493
|win_IND=3 |loss_IND= |nr_IND=1 |nrr_IND=1.137
|win_IRE= |loss_IRE=3 |nr_IRE=1 |nrr_IRE=-1.293
|win_PAK=2 |loss_PAK=2 |nr_PAK= |nrr_PAK=0.294
|win_USA=2 |loss_USA=1 |nr_USA=1 |nrr_USA=0.127

|name_CAN={{cr|CAN}}
|name_IND={{cr|IND}}
|name_IRE={{cr|IRE}}
|name_PAK={{cr|PAK}}
|name_USA={{cr|USA}}

|result1=Q
|result2=Q
|result3=E
|result4=E
|result5=E

|col_Q=green1
|res_col_header=Q
|text_Q={{nobr|Advanced to the}} [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup Super 8 stage|Super 8 stage]]
|text_E=Eliminated

|status_USA=H
|status_text_H=Hosts

}}
<section end=groupA />
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match1}}'''Match 1'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|01}}
| time = {{UTZ|19:30|-5}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|CAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|USA}}
| score1 = 194/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Navneet Dhaliwal]] 61 (44)
| wickets1 = [[Harmeet Singh Baddhan|Harmeet Singh]] 1/27 (4 overs)
| score2 = 197/3 (17.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Aaron Jones (cricketer)|Aaron Jones]] 94[[not out|*]] (40)
| wickets2 = [[Dillon Heyliger]] 1/19 (3 overs)
| result = United States won by 7 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415701.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Grand Prairie Stadium]], [[Dallas]]
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Sharfuddoula]] (Ban)
| motm =[[Aaron Jones (cricketer)|Aaron Jones]] (USA)
| toss = United States won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = This was the first [[List of Twenty20 International cricket grounds|T20I match played at this venue]].<ref name="A1i"/>
* Both [[United States national cricket team|United States]] and [[Canada national cricket team|Canada]] made their T20 World Cup debuts.<ref name=A1ii>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-02 |title=All the records from USA's milestone triumph over Canada at T20 World Cup |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/all-the-records-from-usa-s-milestone-triumph-over-canada-at-t20-world-cup |access-date=2024-06-04 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604033743/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/all-the-records-from-usa-s-milestone-triumph-over-canada-at-t20-world-cup |url-status=live }}</ref>
* This was the first World Cup match victory for the United States across all formats.<ref name=A1ii />
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match8}}'''Match 8'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|05}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IRE}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}
| score1 = 96 (16 overs)
| runs1 = [[Gareth Delany]] 26 (14)
| wickets1 = [[Hardik Pandya]] 3/27 (4 overs)
| score2 = 97/2 (12.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 52[[not out|*]] (37)
| wickets2 = [[Ben White (cricketer)|Ben White]] 1/6 (1 over)
| result = India won by 8 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415708.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Alex Wharf]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] (Ind)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind) scored his 4,000th run in T20Is<ref name="A2i">{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/t20-world-cup-2024/story/t20-world-cup-2024-ind-vs-ire-rohit-sharma-men-t20is-ireland-2549554-2024-06-05 |title=T20 World Cup: Rohit Sharma becomes 3rd batter to 4000 runs in Men's T20Is |work=India Today |date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605173019/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/t20-world-cup-2024/story/t20-world-cup-2024-ind-vs-ire-rohit-sharma-men-t20is-ireland-2549554-2024-06-05 |url-status=live }}</ref> and 1,000th run in the T20 World Cup,<ref name="A2ii">{{cite web |url=https://www.cricket.com/news/rohit-sharma-becomes-third-player-to-score-1000-t20-world-cup-runs-652024-1717607434354 |title=Rohit Sharma becomes third player to score 1000 T20 World Cup runs |work=Cricket.com |date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605174404/https://www.cricket.com/news/rohit-sharma-becomes-third-player-to-score-1000-t20-world-cup-runs-652024-1717607434354 |url-status=live }}</ref> becoming the second Indian to achieve both feats after [[Virat Kohli]]. He also completed 600 sixes in international cricket, 100 sixes in ICC tournaments and 300 wins in international cricket.<ref name="A2iii">{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/sports/cricket/rohit-sharma-becomes-first-player-in-history-to-achieve-miraculous-record-in-international-cricket-2024-06-05-935408 |title=Rohit Sharma achieves world record, becomes first player to get to huge milestone in international cricket |work=India TV |date=5 June 2024 |access-date=5 June 2024 |archive-date=5 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605174401/https://www.indiatvnews.com/sports/cricket/rohit-sharma-becomes-first-player-in-history-to-achieve-miraculous-record-in-international-cricket-2024-06-05-935408 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Rishabh Pant]] (Ind) scored his 1,000th run in T20Is.<ref name="A2iv">{{cite web|url=https://olympics.com/en/news/t20-world-cup-2024-india-vs-ireland-cricket-match-group-a-result-score |title=IND vs IRE, T20 World Cup 2024: India beat Ireland by eight wickets to kick off campaign on a high |work=Olympics |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref>
* Rohit Sharma broke [[MS Dhoni]]'s record of most wins as Indian Captain in T20Is.<ref name="A2v">{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/t20-world-cup-2024/story/rohit-sharma-ms-dhoni-india-most-successful-t20i-captain-2549586-2024-06-05|title=Rohit Sharma breaks MS Dhoni's record to become India's most successful T20I captain|work=India Today|date=5 June 2024|access-date=8 June 2024|archive-date=8 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608051348/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/t20-world-cup-2024/story/rohit-sharma-ms-dhoni-india-most-successful-t20i-captain-2549586-2024-06-05|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match11}}'''Match 11'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|06}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-5}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|PAK}}
| team2 = {{cr|USA}}
| score1 = 159/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Babar Azam]] 44 (43)
| wickets1 = [[Nosthush Kenjige]] 3/30 (4 overs)
| score2 = 159/3 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Monank Patel]] 50 (38)
| wickets2 = [[Mohammad Amir]] 1/25 (4 overs)
| result = Match tied (United States won the [[Super Over]])
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415711.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Grand Prairie Stadium]], [[Dallas]]
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Allahudien Paleker]] (SA)
| motm = [[Monank Patel]] (USA)
| toss = United States won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = This was the first time Pakistan and United States faced each other in T20Is.<ref name="A3i">{{Cite web |title=USA stun Pakistan in dramatic Super Over to complete all-time great upset |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/live-pakistan-open-t20-world-cup-campaign-against-hosts-usa-in-dallas |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=6 June 2024 |language=en |archive-date=8 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608051852/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/live-pakistan-open-t20-world-cup-campaign-against-hosts-usa-in-dallas |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Babar Azam]] (Pak) became the highest run-scorer in T20Is, surpassing [[Virat Kohli]].<ref name="A3ii">{{Cite web |title=Babar Azam takes lead over Virat Kohli as T20Is' highest run-scorer |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/1197611-babar-azam-takes-lead-over-virat-kohli-as-t20is-highest-run-scorer |access-date=2024-06-07 |work=The News |archive-date=8 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608180009/https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/1197611-babar-azam-takes-lead-over-virat-kohli-as-t20is-highest-run-scorer |url-status=live }}</ref>
* This was United States's first win against Pakistan in T20Is.<ref name="A3iii">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-06 |title=USA outclass sloppy Pakistan in thrilling Super Over finish |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/united-states-of-america-vs-pakistan-11th-match-group-a-1415711/match-report |access-date=2024-06-07 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=4 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204133442/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/united-states-of-america-vs-pakistan-11th-match-group-a-1415711/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Super Over: United States 18/1, Pakistan 13/1
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match13}}'''Match 13'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|07}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|CAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|IRE}}
| score1 = 137/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Nicholas Kirton]] 49 (35)
| wickets1 = [[Barry McCarthy]] 2/24 (4 overs)
| score2 = 125/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Mark Adair]] 34 (24)
| wickets2 = [[Jeremy Gordon]] 2/16 (4 overs)
| result = Canada won by 12 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415713.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng) and [[Sam Nogajski]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Nicholas Kirton]] (Can)
| toss = Ireland won the toss and elected to field.
| notes =This was the first T20 World Cup match victory for Canada.<ref name="A4i">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-07 |title=Canada stun Ireland for first T20 World Cup win |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240607-canada-stun-ireland-for-first-t20-world-cup-win |access-date=2024-06-12 |website=France 24 |language=en |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612141106/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240607-canada-stun-ireland-for-first-t20-world-cup-win |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match19}}'''Match 19'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|09}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|PAK}}
| score1 = 119 (19 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rishabh Pant]] 42 (31)
| wickets1 = [[Naseem Shah]] 3/21 (4 overs)
| score2 = 113/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Mohammad Rizwan (cricketer)|Mohammad Rizwan]] 31 (44)
| wickets2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 3/14 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 6 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415719.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] (Ind)
| toss = Pakistan won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Mohammad Rizwan (cricketer)|Mohammad Rizwan]] (Pak) played in his 100th T20I match.<ref name="A5i">{{cite web |url=https://www.latestly.com/socially/sports/cricket/mohammad-rizwan-completes-100-matches-for-pakistan-in-t20i-cricket-during-ind-vs-pak-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-match-6026220.html |title=Mohammad Rizwan Completes 100 Matches for Pakistan in T20I Cricket During IND vs PAK ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 Match |work=LatestLY |date=9 June 2024 |access-date=9 June 2024 |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609194936/https://www.latestly.com/socially/sports/cricket/mohammad-rizwan-completes-100-matches-for-pakistan-in-t20i-cricket-during-ind-vs-pak-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024-match-6026220.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match22}}'''Match 22'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|11}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|CAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|PAK}}
| score1 = 106/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Aaron Johnson (cricketer)|Aaron Johnson]] 52 (44)
| wickets1 = [[Mohammad Amir]] 2/13 (4 overs)
| score2 = 107/3 (17.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Mohammad Rizwan (cricketer)|Mohammad Rizwan]] 53[[not out|*]] (53)
| wickets2 = [[Dillon Heyliger]] 2/18 (4 overs)
| result = Pakistan won by 7 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415722.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] (SL) and [[Adrian Holdstock]] (SA)
| motm = [[Mohammad Amir]] (Pak)
| toss = Pakistan won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Haris Rauf]] (Pak) took his 100th wicket in T20Is.<ref name="A6i">{{cite web |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/pak-vs-can-haris-rauf-100-wickets-t20is-third-fastest-record-stats-pakistan-v-canada-t20-world-cup-2024/article68277234.ece |title=PAK vs CAN: Haris Rauf becomes third quickest to pick 100 wickets in T20Is during T20 World Cup 2024 match against Canada |work=Sportstar |access-date=10 June 2024 |archive-date=11 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611153211/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/pak-vs-can-haris-rauf-100-wickets-t20is-third-fastest-record-stats-pakistan-v-canada-t20-world-cup-2024/article68277234.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match25}}'''Match 25'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|12}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|USA}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}
| score1 = 110/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Nitish Kumar (cricketer)|Nitish Kumar]] 27 (23)
| wickets1 = [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] 4/9 (4 overs)
| score2 = 111/3 (18.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Suryakumar Yadav]] 50[[not out|*]] (49)
| wickets2 = [[Saurabh Netravalkar]] 2/18 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 7 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415725.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Sam Nogajski]] (Aus) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] (Ind)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = This was the first time India and United States faced each other in T20Is.<ref name="A7i">{{Cite web |title=India vs USA: T20 World Cup 2024 Match Preview, Fantasy Tips, Pitch And Weather Reports {{!}} Cricket News |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/india-vs-usa-t20-world-cup-2024-match-preview-fantasy-tips-pitch-and-weather-reports-5867213 |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=NDTVSports.com |language=en |archive-date=16 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716095648/https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/india-vs-usa-t20-world-cup-2024-match-preview-fantasy-tips-pitch-and-weather-reports-5867213 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* India qualified for the Super 8 as a result of this match.<ref name="A1q"/>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match30}}'''Match 30'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|14}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|USA}}
| team2 = {{cr|IRE}}
| score1 =
| score2 =
| result = Match abandoned
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415730.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Central Broward Park]], [[Lauderhill, Florida|Lauderhill]]
| umpires = [[Sharfuddoula]] (Ban) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
| toss = No toss.
| rain = No play was possible because of rain.
| notes = United States qualified for the Super 8, while Canada, Ireland, and Pakistan were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="A2q"/>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match33}}'''Match 33'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|15}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|CAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}
| score1 =
| score2 =
| result = Match abandoned
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415733.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Central Broward Park]], [[Lauderhill, Florida|Lauderhill]]
| umpires = [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng) and [[Sharfuddoula]] (Ban)
| toss = No toss.
| rain = No play was possible because of rain.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match36}}'''Match 36'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|16}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IRE}}
| team2 = {{cr|PAK}}
| score1 = 106/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Gareth Delany]] 31 (19)
| wickets1 = [[Imad Wasim]] 3/8 (4 overs)
| score2 = 111/7 (18.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Babar Azam]] 32[[not out|*]] (34)
| wickets2 = [[Barry McCarthy]] 3/15 (4 overs)
| result = Pakistan won by 3 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415736.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Central Broward Park]], [[Lauderhill, Florida|Lauderhill]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Shaheen Afridi]] (Pak)
| toss = Pakistan won the toss and elected to field.
}}

=== Group B ===
<section begin=groupB />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=CricketRR
|show_tie=no
|source = [[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref name=24t20wc-pt>{{ESPNcricinfo 2|series|ref=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/points-table-standings|title=2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, points table standings|access-date=2024-07-01|dynamic=y}}</ref>
|class_rules=1) Points; 2) Wins; 3) [[Net run rate]]; 4) Results of games between tied teams; 5) Initial group stage seedings<ref name="24t20wc-pc">{{Cite journal |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |date=15 May 2024 |journal=[[ICC playing conditions|ICC Men's T20 World Cup, playing conditions]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610115930/https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2024}}</ref>
|update=complete

|team1=AUS
|team2=ENG
|team3=SCO
|team4=NAM
|team5=OMA

|win_AUS=4 |loss_AUS= |nr_AUS= |nrr_AUS=2.791
|win_ENG=2 |loss_ENG=1 |nr_ENG=1 |nrr_ENG=3.611
|win_NAM=1 |loss_NAM=3 |nr_NAM= |nrr_NAM=-2.585
|win_OMA= |loss_OMA=4 |nr_OMA= |nrr_OMA=-3.062
|win_SCO=2 |loss_SCO=1 |nr_SCO=1 |nrr_SCO=1.255

|name_AUS={{cr|AUS}}
|name_ENG={{cr|ENG}}
|name_NAM={{cr|NAM}}
|name_OMA={{cr|OMA}}
|name_SCO={{cr|SCO}}

|result1=Q
|result2=Q
|result3=E
|result4=E
|result5=E

|col_Q=green1
|res_col_header=Q
|text_Q={{nobr|Advanced to the}} [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup Super 8 stage|Super 8 stage]]
|text_E=Eliminated

}}
<section end=groupB />
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match3}}'''Match 3'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|02}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|OMA}}
| team2 = {{cr|NAM}}
| score1 = 109 (19.4 overs)
| runs1 = [[Khalid Kail]] 34 (39)
| wickets1 = [[Ruben Trumpelmann]] 4/21 (4 overs)
| score2 = 109/6 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Jan Frylinck]] 45 (48)
| wickets2 = [[Mehran Khan]] 3/7 (3 overs)
| result =Match tied (Namibia won the [[Super Over]])
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415703.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
| umpires = [[Jayaraman Madanagopal]] (Ind) and [[Joel Wilson (umpire)|Joel Wilson]] (WI)
| motm = [[David Wiese]] (Nam)
| toss = Namibia won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = Super Over: Namibia 21/0, Oman 10/1
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match6}}'''Match 6'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|04}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SCO}}
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}
| score1 = 90/0 (10 overs)
| runs1 = [[Michael Jones (cricketer)|Michael Jones]] 45[[not out|*]] (30)
| score2 =
| result = No result
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415706.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
| umpires = [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind) and [[Asif Yaqoob]] (Pak)
| toss = Scotland won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain = The match was reduced to 10 overs per side due to rain.
* England were set a revised target of 109 from 10 overs due to rain.
* No further play was possible due to rain.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match10}}'''Match 10'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|05}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AUS}}
| team2 = {{cr|OMA}}
| score1 = 164/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Marcus Stoinis]] 67[[not out|*]] (36)
| wickets1 = [[Mehran Khan]] 2/38 (4 overs)
| score2 = 125/9 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Ayaan Khan]] 36 (30)
| wickets2 = [[Marcus Stoinis]] 3/19 (3 overs)
| result = Australia won by 39 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415710.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
| umpires = [[Joel Wilson (umpire)|Joel Wilson]] (WI) and [[Asif Yaqoob]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Marcus Stoinis]] (Aus)
| toss = Oman won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] became the [[List of Australia Twenty20 International cricket records#Most career runs|leading run-scorer for Australia in T20Is]], passing the previous record of 3,120 runs set by [[Aaron Finch]].<ref name="B3i">{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/david-warner-highest-run-scorer-australia-t20is-uganda-t20-world-cup-2024-aaron-finch-stats-records-news/article68257754.ece |title=AUS vs OMA, T20 World Cup 2024: David Warner becomes highest run-scorer for Australia in T20 cricket, eclipses Aaron Finch |work=[[Sportstar]] |date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match12}}'''Match 12'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|06}}
| time = {{UTZ|15:00|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|NAM}}
| team2 = {{cr|SCO}}
| score1 = 155/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Gerhard Erasmus]] 52 (31)
| wickets1 = [[Brad Wheal]] 3/33 (4 overs)
| score2 = 157/5 (18.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Richie Berrington]] 47[[Not out|*]] (35)
| wickets2 =[[Gerhard Erasmus]] 2/29 (4 overs)
| result = Scotland won by 5 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415712.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
| umpires = [[Jayaraman Madanagopal]] (Ind) and [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind)
| motm =[[Michael Leask]] (Sco)
| toss = Namibia won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match17}}'''Match 17'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|08}}
| time = {{UTZ|13:00|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AUS}}
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}
| score1 = 201/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] 39 (16)
| wickets1 = [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]] 2/44 (4 overs)
| score2 = 165/6 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Jos Buttler]] 42 (28)
| wickets2 = [[Pat Cummins]] 2/23 (4 overs)
| result = Australia won by 36 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415717.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
| umpires = [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind) and [[Joel Wilson (umpire)|Joel Wilson]] (WI)
| motm = [[Adam Zampa]] (Aus)
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]] (Eng) took his 100th wicket in T20Is.<ref name="B5i">{{cite web |access-date=9 June 2024 |date=9 June 2024 |title=Chris Jordan Becomes Only The Second English Bowler To Achieve 'This' Feat |url=https://cricket.one/cricket-news/chris-jordan-becomes-only-the-second-english-bowler-to-achieve-this-feat/6665253cfdc09c66a532ab76 |work=OneCricket |archive-date=9 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609053152/https://cricket.one/cricket-news/chris-jordan-becomes-only-the-second-english-bowler-to-achieve-this-feat/6665253cfdc09c66a532ab76 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match20}}'''Match 20'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|09}}
| time = {{UTZ|13:00|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|OMA}}
| team2 = {{cr|SCO}}
| score1 = 150/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Pratik Athavale]] 54 (40)
| wickets1 = [[Safyaan Sharif]] 2/40 (4 overs)
| score2 = 153/3 (13.1 overs)
| runs2 = [[Brandon McMullen]] 61[[not out|*]] (31)
| wickets2 = [[Bilal Khan (cricketer)|Bilal Khan]] 1/12 (2.1 overs)
| result = Scotland won by 7 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415720.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]], [[North Sound]]
| umpires = [[Chris Brown (cricketer, born 1973)|Chris Brown]] (NZ) and [[Allahudien Paleker]] (SA)
| motm = [[Brandon McMullen]] (Sco)
| toss = Oman won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes = Oman were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="B6i">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-11 |title=Scotland close in on Super 8s with confident win, Oman eliminated |url=https://www.stabroeknews.com/2024/06/11/sports/scotland-close-in-on-super-8s-with-confident-win-oman-eliminated/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=Stabroek News |language=en-us}}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match24}}'''Match 24'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|11}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|NAM}}
| team2 = {{cr|AUS}}
| score1 = 72 (17 overs)
| runs1 = [[Gerhard Erasmus]] 36 (43)
| wickets1 = [[Adam Zampa]] 4/12 (4 overs)
| score2 = 74/1 (5.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Travis Head]] 34[[not out|*]] (17)
| wickets2 = [[David Wiese]] 1/15 (1 over)
| result = Australia won by 9 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415724.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]], [[North Sound]]
| umpires = [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind) and [[Rashid Riaz]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Adam Zampa]] (Aus)
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Adam Zampa]] (Aus) became the [[List of Australia Twenty20 International cricket records#Most career wickets|first Australian cricketer to take 100 wickets in T20Is]].<ref name="B7i">{{cite web |access-date=12 June 2024 |title=Adam Zampa Creates History, Becomes First Aussie To Take 100 Wickets in T20Is |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/adam-zampa-creates-history-becomes-first-aussie-to-take-100-wickets-in-t20is-article-110924210 |work=Times Now |date=12 June 2024 |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612104326/https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/adam-zampa-creates-history-becomes-first-aussie-to-take-100-wickets-in-t20is-article-110924210 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Australia qualified for the Super 8 while Namibia were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="B2q-D1q"/><ref name="B7ii">{{Cite web |last=Agencies |date=2024-06-12 |title=T20 World Cup: Australia annihilate Namibia to secure Super 8 spot |url=https://thefederal.com/cricket/t20-world-cup-australia-annihilate-namibia-to-secure-super-8-spot-127176 |access-date=2024-06-12 |website=thefederal.com |language=en |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612092423/https://thefederal.com/cricket/t20-world-cup-australia-annihilate-namibia-to-secure-super-8-spot-127176 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match28}}'''Match 28'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|13}}
| time = {{UTZ|15:00|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|OMA}}
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}
| score1 = 47 (13.2 overs)
| runs1 = [[Shoaib Khan (Omani cricketer)|Shoaib Khan]] 11 (23)
| wickets1 = [[Adil Rashid]] 4/11 (4 overs)
| score2 =50/2 (3.1 overs)
| runs2 =[[Jos Buttler]] 24[[Not out|*]] (8)
| wickets2 =[[Kaleemullah (cricketer)|Kaleemullah]] 1/10 (1 over)
| result = England won by 8 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415728.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]], [[North Sound]]
| umpires = [[Langton Rusere]] (Zim) and [[Asif Yaqoob]] (Pak)
| motm =[[Adil Rashid]] (Eng)
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match34}}'''Match 34'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|15}}
| time = {{UTZ|13:00|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|ENG}}
| team2 = {{cr|NAM}}
| score1 = 122/5 (10 overs)
| runs1 = [[Harry Brook]] 47[[not out|*]] (20)
| wickets1 = [[Ruben Trumpelmann]] 2/31 (2 overs)
| score2 = 84/3 (10 overs)
| runs2 = [[Michael van Lingen]] 33 (29)
| wickets2 = [[Jofra Archer]] 1/15 (2 overs)
| result = England won by 41 runs ([[Duckworth–Lewis–Stern method|DLS method]])
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415734.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]], [[North Sound]]
| umpires = [[Adrian Holdstock]] (SA) and [[Langton Rusere]] (Zim)
| motm = [[Harry Brook]] (Eng)
| toss = Namibia won the toss and elected to field.
| rain = The match was reduced to 10 overs per side due to rain.
* Namibia were set a revised target of 126 from 10 overs due to rain.
| notes = [[Niko Davin]] (Nam) became the first batter to be dismissed retired out in a T20 World Cup match.<ref name="B9ii">{{Cite web |last=Sportstar |first=Team |date=15 June 2024 |title=ENG vs NAM: Namibia's Nikolaas Davin becomes first batter to retire out in T20 World Cup history |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/eng-vs-nam-nikolaas-davin-retired-out-t20-world-cup-history-first-batter-record-england-namibia/article68294961.ece |access-date=21 June 2024 |website=Sportstar |language=en |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616071818/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/eng-vs-nam-nikolaas-davin-retired-out-t20-world-cup-history-first-batter-record-england-namibia/article68294961.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match35}}'''Match 35'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|15}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SCO}}
| team2 = {{cr|AUS}}
| score1 = 180/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Brandon McMullen]] 60 (34)
| wickets1 = [[Glenn Maxwell]] 2/44 (4 overs)
| score2 = 186/5 (19.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Travis Head]] 68 (49)
| wickets2 = [[Mark Watt]] 2/34 (4 overs)
| result = Australia won by 5 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415735.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Daren Sammy Cricket Ground]], [[Gros Islet]]
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Asif Yaqoob]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Marcus Stoinis]] (Aus)
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = England qualified for the Super 8 while Scotland were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="B1q"/>
}}

=== Group C ===
<section begin=groupC />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=CricketRR
|show_tie=no
|source = [[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref name=24t20wc-pt>{{ESPNcricinfo 2|series|ref=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/points-table-standings|title=2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, points table standings|access-date=2024-07-01|dynamic=y}}</ref>
|class_rules=1) Points; 2) Wins; 3) [[Net run rate]]; 4) Results of games between tied teams; 5) Initial group stage seedings<ref name="24t20wc-pc">{{Cite journal |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |date=15 May 2024 |journal=[[ICC playing conditions|ICC Men's T20 World Cup, playing conditions]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610115930/https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2024}}</ref>
|update=complete

|team1=WIN
|team2=AFG
|team3=NZ
|team4=UGA
|team5=PNG

|win_AFG=3 |loss_AFG=1 |nr_AFG= |nrr_AFG=1.835
|win_NZ=2 |loss_NZ=2 |nr_NZ= |nrr_NZ=0.415
|win_PNG= |loss_PNG=4 |nr_PNG= |nrr_PNG=-1.268
|win_UGA=1 |loss_UGA=3 |nr_UGA= |nrr_UGA=-4.510
|win_WIN=4 |loss_WIN= |nr_WIN= |nrr_WIN=3.257

|name_AFG={{cr|AFG}}
|name_NZ={{cr|NZ}}
|name_PNG={{cr|PNG}}
|name_UGA={{cr|UGA}}
|name_WIN={{cr|WIN}}

|result1=Q
|result2=Q
|result3=E
|result4=E
|result5=E

|col_Q=green1
|res_col_header=Q
|text_Q={{nobr|Advanced to the}} [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup Super 8 stage|Super 8 stage]]
|text_E=Eliminated

|status_WIN=H
|status_text_H=Hosts

}}
<section end=groupC />
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match2}}'''Match 2'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|02}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|PNG}}
| team2 = {{cr|WIN}}
| score1 = 136/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Sese Bau]] 50 (43)
| wickets1 = [[Andre Russell]] 2/19 (3 overs)
| score2 = 137/5 (19 overs)
| runs2 = [[Roston Chase]] 42[[not out|*]] (27)
| wickets2 = [[Assad Vala]] 2/28 (4 overs)
| result = West Indies won by 5 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415702.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Providence Stadium]], [[Guyana]]
| umpires = [[Adrian Holdstock]] (SA) and [[Rashid Riaz]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Roston Chase]] (WI)
| toss = West Indies won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match5}}'''Match 5'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|03}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AFG}}
| team2 = {{cr|UGA}}
| score1 = 183/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rahmanullah Gurbaz]] 76 (45)
| wickets1 = [[Brian Masaba]] 2/21 (4 overs)
| score2 = 58 (16 overs)
| runs2 = [[Robinson Obuya]] 14 (25)
| wickets2 = [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] 5/9 (4 overs)
| result = Afghanistan won by 125 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415705.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Providence Stadium]], [[Guyana]]
| umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] (SL) and [[Ahsan Raza]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] (Afg)
| toss = Uganda won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] (Afg) took his maiden [[five-wicket haul]] in T20Is.<ref name="C2i">{{cite news|title=T20 World Cup: Farooqi's maiden five-wicket haul seals 125-run win for Afghanistan over Uganda|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/cricket/t20-world-cup-farooqis-maiden-five-wicket-haul-seals-125-run-win-for-afghanistan-over-uganda20240604093634/|access-date=4 June 2024|date=4 June 2024|work=[[Asian News International|ANI News]]|archive-date=4 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604074118/https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/cricket/t20-world-cup-farooqis-maiden-five-wicket-haul-seals-125-run-win-for-afghanistan-over-uganda20240604093634/|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match9}}'''Match 9'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|05}}
| time = {{UTZ|19:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|PNG}}
| team2 = {{cr|UGA}}
| score1 = 77 (19.1 overs)
| runs1 = [[Hiri Hiri]] 15 (19)
| wickets1 = [[Frank Nsubuga]] 2/4 (4 overs)
| score2 = 78/7 (18.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Riazat Ali Shah]] 33 (56)
| wickets2 = [[Alei Nao]] 2/16 (4 overs)
| result = Uganda won by 3 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415709.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Providence Stadium]], [[Guyana]]
| umpires = [[Adrian Holdstock]] (SA) and [[Rashid Riaz]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Riazat Ali Shah]] (Uga)
| toss = Uganda won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = This was the first World Cup match victory for Uganda across all formats.<ref name="C3i">{{cite web |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/papua-new-guinea-vs-uganda-9th-match-group-c-1415709/match-report |title=Uganda's bowlers and Riazat seal their first win in T20 World Cup history |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=6 June 2024 |archive-date=20 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620042847/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/papua-new-guinea-vs-uganda-9th-match-group-c-1415709/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match14}}'''Match 14'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|07}}
| time = {{UTZ|19:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AFG}}
| team2 = {{cr|NZ}}
| score1 = 159/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rahmanullah Gurbaz]] 80 (56)
| wickets1 = [[Trent Boult]] 2/22 (4 overs)
| score2 = 75 (15.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Glenn Phillips (cricketer)|Glenn Phillips]] 18 (18)
| wickets2 = [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] 4/17 (3.2 overs)
| result = Afghanistan won by 84 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415714.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Providence Stadium]], [[Guyana]]
| umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] (SL) and [[Ahsan Raza]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Rahmanullah Gurbaz]] (Afg)
| toss = New Zealand won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = This was Afghanistan's first win against New Zealand in T20Is.<ref name="C4i">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-08 |title=New Zealand vs Afghanistan Highlights, T20 World Cup 2024: Afghanistan beat New Zealand by 84 runs |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/new-zealand-vs-afghanistan-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-match-14-today-nz-vs-afg-latest-scorecard-updates-9378894/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=17 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240917053656/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/new-zealand-vs-afghanistan-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-match-14-today-nz-vs-afg-latest-scorecard-updates-9378894/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match18}}'''Match 18'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|08}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|WIN}}
| team2 = {{cr|UGA}}
| score1 = 173/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Johnson Charles]] 44 (42)
| wickets1 = [[Brian Masaba]] 2/31 (4 overs)
| score2 = 39 (12 overs)
| runs2 = [[Juma Miyagi]] 13[[not out|*]] (20)
| wickets2 = [[Akeal Hosein]] 5/11 (4 overs)
| result = West Indies won by 134 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415718.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Providence Stadium]], [[Guyana]]
| umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] (SL) and [[Rashid Riaz]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Akeal Hosein]] (WI)
| toss = West Indies won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes =[[Akeal Hosein]] (WI) took his maiden five-wicket haul in T20Is.<ref name="C5i">{{cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/cricket/2024/Jun/09/hoseins-fifer-fashions-west-indies-134-run-win-over-uganda |title=Hosein's fifer fashions West Indies' 134-run win over Uganda |work=[[The New Indian Express]] |access-date=12 June 2024 |date=9 June 2024 |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612040713/https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/cricket/2024/Jun/09/hoseins-fifer-fashions-west-indies-134-run-win-over-uganda |url-status=live }}</ref>
* This was West Indies [[List of West Indies Twenty20 International cricket records#Greatest win margins (by runs)|highest winning margin by runs in T20I cricket]].<ref name="C5ii">{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/uganda-39-all-out-vs-west-indies-lowest-team-total-in-t20-world-cup-check-five-weakest-totals-in-tournament-history-101717903597616.html |title=Uganda's 39 all out vs West Indies lowest team total in T20 World Cup: Check five smallest team totals in T20WC history |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=12 June 2024 |date=9 June 2024 |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612040713/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/uganda-39-all-out-vs-west-indies-lowest-team-total-in-t20-world-cup-check-five-weakest-totals-in-tournament-history-101717903597616.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match26}}'''Match 26'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|12}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|WIN}}
| team2 = {{cr|NZ}}
| score1 = 149/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Sherfane Rutherford]] 68[[not out|*]] (39)
| wickets1 = [[Trent Boult]] 3/16 (4 overs)
| score2 = 136/9 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Glenn Phillips (cricketer)|Glenn Phillips]] 40 (33)
| wickets2 = [[Alzarri Joseph]] 4/19 (4 overs)
| result = West Indies won by 13 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415726.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]], [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]
| umpires = [[Ahsan Raza]] (Pak) and [[Alex Wharf]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Sherfane Rutherford]] (WI)
| toss = New Zealand won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Nicholas Pooran]] became the [[List of West Indies Twenty20 International cricket records#Most career runs|leading run-scorer for West Indies in T20Is]], passing the previous record of 1,899 runs set by [[Chris Gayle]].<ref name="C6i">{{cite web |url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/nicholas-pooran-breaks-chris-gayles-record-becomes-leading-run-getter-for-west-indies-in-t20i-history-8931314.html |title=Nicholas Pooran Breaks Chris Gayle's Record, Becomes Leading Run-getter for West Indies in T20I History |access-date=13 June 2024 |work=News18 |archive-date=13 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613170645/https://www.news18.com/cricket/nicholas-pooran-breaks-chris-gayles-record-becomes-leading-run-getter-for-west-indies-in-t20i-history-8931314.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* West Indies qualified for the Super 8 as a result of this match.<ref name="C2q"/>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match29}}'''Match 29'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|13}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|PNG}}
| team2 = {{cr|AFG|2013}}
| score1 = 95 (19.5 overs)
| runs1 = [[Kiplin Doriga]] 27 (32)
| wickets1 = [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] 3/16 (4 overs)
| score2 = 101/3 (15.1 overs)
| runs2 = [[Gulbadin Naib]] 49[[not out|*]] (36)
| wickets2 = [[Semo Kamea]] 1/16 (3 overs)
| result = Afghanistan won by 7 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415729.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]], [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Alex Wharf]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] (Afg)
| toss = Afghanistan won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = Afghanistan qualified for the Super 8 while New Zealand, Uganda and Papua New Guinea were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="C1q"/>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match32}}'''Match 32'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|14}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|UGA}}
| team2 = {{cr|NZ}}
| score1 = 40 (18.4 overs)
| runs1 = [[Kenneth Waiswa]] 11 (18)
| wickets1 = [[Tim Southee]] 3/4 (4 overs)
| score2 = 41/1 (5.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Devon Conway]] 22[[not out|*]] (15)
| wickets2 = [[Riazat Ali Shah]] 1/10 (1 over)
| result = New Zealand won by 9 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415732.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]], [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Tim Southee]] (NZ)
| toss = New Zealand won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match39}}'''Match 39'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|17}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|PNG}}
| team2 = {{cr|NZ}}
| score1 = 78 (19.4 overs)
| runs1 = [[Charles Amini]] 17 (25)
| wickets1 = [[Lockie Ferguson]] 3/0 (4 overs)
| score2 = 79/3 (12.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Devon Conway]] 35 (32)
| wickets2 = [[Kabua Morea]] 2/4 (2.2 overs)
| result = New Zealand won by 7 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415739.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]], [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]
| umpires = [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus) and [[Langton Rusere]] (Zim)
| motm = [[Lockie Ferguson]] (NZ)
| toss = New Zealand won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Trent Boult]], [[Tim Southee]] and [[Kane Williamson]] (NZ) all played in their last T20I match.<ref name="C9i">{{Cite news |date=2024-06-18 |title='It's my last day with New Zealand': Trent Boult bids farewell with T20 World Cup win against PNG |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/icc-mens-t20-world-cup/its-my-last-day-with-new-zealand-trent-boult-bids-farewell-with-t20-world-cup-win-against-png/articleshow/111070759.cms |access-date=2024-06-21 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621105944/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/icc-mens-t20-world-cup/its-my-last-day-with-new-zealand-trent-boult-bids-farewell-with-t20-world-cup-win-against-png/articleshow/111070759.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=2 November 2025 |title=Kane Williamson retires from T20Is |url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/136172/kane-williamson-retires-from-t20is |publisher=[[Cricbuzz]]}}</ref>
* [[Lockie Ferguson]] (NZ) became the second bowler to bowl four consecutive maiden overs in a T20I match.<ref name="C9ii">{{cite web |access-date=17 June 2024 |title=NZ vs PNG: Lockie Ferguson records first instance of four maidens by a bowler in a T20 World Cup history |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/lockie-ferguson-records-most-maiden-overs-in-t20-world-cup-history-nz-vs-png/article68301382.ece |work=SportStar|date=17 June 2024 }}</ref><ref name="C9iii">{{Cite web |title=4–4–0–3: Lockie Ferguson achieves T20 World Cup perfection |url=https://www.wisden.com/series/icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024/cricket-news/lockie-ferguson-bowls-four-overs-without-conceding-a-run-in-t20-world-cup-first |access-date=22 June 2024 |website=Wisden |date=17 June 2024 |language=en |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622112308/https://www.wisden.com/series/icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024/cricket-news/lockie-ferguson-bowls-four-overs-without-conceding-a-run-in-t20-world-cup-first |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match40}}'''Match 40'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|17}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night= y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|WIN}}
| team2 = {{cr|AFG}}
| score1 = 218/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Nicholas Pooran]] 98 (53)
| wickets1 = [[Gulbadin Naib]] 2/14 (2 overs)
| score2 = 114 (16.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Ibrahim Zadran]] 38 (28)
| wickets2 = [[Obed McCoy]] 3/14 (3 overs)
| result = West Indies won by 104 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415740.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Daren Sammy Cricket Ground]], [[Gros Islet]]
| umpires = [[Chris Brown (cricketer, born 1973)|Chris Brown]] (NZ) and [[Allahudien Paleker]] (SA)
| motm = [[Nicholas Pooran]] (WI)
| toss = Afghanistan won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Nicholas Pooran]] (WI) scored 36 runs in an over off of [[Azmatullah Omarzai]] (Afg), the second such instance in a T20 World Cup match and fifth in T20Is overall.<ref name="C10i">{{cite web |access-date=18 June 2024 |title=36 runs in an over again: Nicholas Pooran equals Yuvraj Singh and Rohit Sharma's record |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/t20-world-cup-2024/story/36-runs-in-an-over-again-nicholas-pooran-equals-yuvraj-singh-and-rohit-sharmas-record-2554526-2024-06-18 |website=India Today |date=18 June 2024 |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621065721/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/t20-world-cup-2024/story/36-runs-in-an-over-again-nicholas-pooran-equals-yuvraj-singh-and-rohit-sharmas-record-2554526-2024-06-18 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

=== Group D ===
<section begin=groupD />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=CricketRR
|show_tie=no
|source = [[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref name=24t20wc-pt>{{ESPNcricinfo 2|series|ref=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/points-table-standings|title=2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, points table standings|access-date=2024-07-01|dynamic=y}}</ref>
|class_rules=1) Points; 2) Wins; 3) [[Net run rate]]; 4) Results of games between tied teams; 5) Initial group stage seedings<ref name="24t20wc-pc">{{Cite journal |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |date=15 May 2024 |journal=[[ICC playing conditions|ICC Men's T20 World Cup, playing conditions]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610115930/https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2024}}</ref>
|update=complete

|team1=SA
|team2=BAN
|team3=SL
|team4=NED
|team5=NEP

|win_BAN=3 |loss_BAN=1 |nr_BAN= |nrr_BAN=0.616
|win_NEP= |loss_NEP=3 |nr_NEP=1 |nrr_NEP=-0.542
|win_NED=1 |loss_NED=3 |nr_NED= |nrr_NED=-1.358
|win_SA=4 |loss_SA= |nr_SA= |nrr_SA=0.470
|win_SL=1 |loss_SL=2 |nr_SL=1 |nrr_SL=0.863

|name_BAN={{cr|BAN}}
|name_NEP={{cr|NEP}}
|name_NED={{cr|NED}}
|name_SA={{cr|SA}}
|name_SL={{cr|SL}}

|result1=Q
|result2=Q
|result3=E
|result4=E
|result5=E

|col_Q=green1
|res_col_header=Q
|text_Q={{nobr|Advanced to the}} [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup Super 8 stage|Super 8 stage]]
|text_E=Eliminated

}}
<section end=groupD />
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match4}}'''Match 4'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|03}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SL}}
| team2 = {{cr|SA}}
| score1 = 77 (19.1 overs)
| runs1 = [[Kusal Mendis]] 19 (30)
| wickets1 = [[Anrich Nortje]] 4/7 (4 overs)
| score2 = 80/4 (16.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Quinton de Kock]] 20 (27)
| wickets2 = [[Wanindu Hasaranga]] 2/22 (3.2 overs)
| result = South Africa won by 6 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415704.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Chris Brown (cricketer, born 1973)|Chris Brown]] (NZ) and [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Anrich Nortje]] (SA)
| toss = Sri Lanka won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes = This was the first [[List of Twenty20 International cricket grounds|T20I match played at this venue]].<ref name="D1i"/>
* This was [[List of Sri Lanka Twenty20 International cricket records#Fewest runs in an innings|Sri Lanka's lowest total in T20Is]].<ref name="D1ii">{{cite web |url=https://www.tbsnews.net/sports/sri-lanka-bundled-out-77-against-sa-their-lowest-total-t20i-history-867866 |title=Sri Lanka bundled out for 77 against SA, their lowest total in T20I history |work=The Business Standard |date=3 June 2024 |access-date=4 June 2024 |archive-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604004548/https://www.tbsnews.net/sports/sri-lanka-bundled-out-77-against-sa-their-lowest-total-t20i-history-867866 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match7}}'''Match 7'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|04}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-5}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|NEP}}
| team2 = {{cr|NED}}
| score1 = 106 (19.2 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rohit Paudel]] 35 (37)
| wickets1 = [[Logan van Beek]] 3/18 (3.2 overs)
| score2 = 109/4 (18.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Max O'Dowd]] 54[[not out|*]] (48)
| wickets2 = [[Dipendra Singh Airee]] 1/6 (2 overs)
| result = Netherlands won by 6 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415707.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Grand Prairie Stadium]], [[Dallas]]
| umpires = [[Langton Rusere]] (Zim) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Tim Pringle]] (Ned)
| toss = Netherlands won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match15}}'''Match 15'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|07}}
| time = {{UTZ|19:30|-5}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SL}}
| team2 = {{cr|BAN}}
| score1 = 124/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Pathum Nissanka]] 47 (28)
| wickets1 = [[Mustafizur Rahman]] 3/17 (4 overs)
| score2 = 125/8 (19 overs)
| runs2 = [[Towhid Hridoy]] 40 (20)
| wickets2 = [[Nuwan Thushara]] 4/18 (4 overs)
| result = Bangladesh won by 2 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415715.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Grand Prairie Stadium]], [[Dallas]]
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Rishad Hossain]] (Ban)
| toss = Bangladesh won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = This was Bangladesh's first win against Sri Lanka in T20 World Cup.<ref name="D3i">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-08 |title=Sri Lanka vs Bangladesh Highlights, T20 World Cup 2024: BAN edge SL as bowlers shine in Dallas |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/sri-lanka-vs-bangladesh-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-match-15-today-sl-vs-ban-latest-scorecard-updates-9378774/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match16}}'''Match 16'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|08}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|NED}}
| team2 = {{cr|SA}}
| score1 = 103/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Sybrand Engelbrecht (cricketer)|Sybrand Engelbrecht]] 40 (45)
| wickets1 = [[Ottneil Baartman]] 4/11 (4 overs)
| score2 = 106/6 (18.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[David Miller (South African cricketer)|David Miller]] 59[[not out|*]] (51)
| wickets2 = [[Vivian Kingma]] 2/12 (4 overs)
| result = South Africa won by 4 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415716.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Sharfuddoula]] (Ban)
| motm = [[David Miller (South African cricketer)|David Miller]] (SA)
| toss = South Africa won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match21}}'''Match 21'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|10}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SA}}
| team2 = {{cr|BAN}}
| score1 = 113/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Heinrich Klaasen]] 46 (44)
| wickets1 = [[Tanzim Hasan Sakib]] 3/18 (4 overs)
| score2 = 109/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Towhid Hridoy]] 37 (34)
| wickets2 = [[Keshav Maharaj]] 3/27 (4 overs)
| result = South Africa won by 4 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415721.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Nassau County International Cricket Stadium]], [[East Meadow, New York|East Meadow]]
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Sam Nogajski]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Heinrich Klaasen]] (SA)
| toss = South Africa won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match23}}'''Match 23'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|11}}
| time = {{UTZ|19:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|NEP}}
| team2 = {{cr|SL}}
| score1 =
| score2 =
| result = Match abandoned
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415723.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Central Broward Park]], [[Lauderhill, Florida|Lauderhill]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng)
| toss = No toss.
| rain = No play was possible due to rain.
| notes = South Africa qualified for the Super 8 as a result of this match.<ref name="B2q-D1q"/>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match27}}'''Match 27'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|13}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|BAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|NED}}
| score1 = 159/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Shakib Al Hasan]] 64[[not out|*]] (46)
| wickets1 = [[Paul van Meekeren]] 2/15 (4 overs)
| score2 = 134/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Sybrand Engelbrecht (cricketer)|Sybrand Engelbrecht]] 33 (22)
| wickets2 = [[Rishad Hossain]] 3/33 (4 overs)
| result = Bangladesh won by 25 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415727.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Arnos Vale Stadium]], [[Kingstown]]
| umpires = [[Chris Brown (cricketer, born 1973)|Chris Brown]] (NZ) and [[Jayaraman Madanagopal]] (Ind)
| motm = [[Shakib Al Hasan]] (Ban)
| toss = Netherlands won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = Sri Lanka were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="D7i"/>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match31}}'''Match 31'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|14}}
| time = {{UTZ|19:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SA}}
| team2 = {{cr|NEP}}
| score1 = 115/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Reeza Hendricks]] 43 (49)
| wickets1 = [[Kushal Bhurtel]] 4/19 (4 overs)
| score2 = 114/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Aasif Sheikh (cricketer)|Aasif Sheikh]] 42 (49)
| wickets2 = [[Tabraiz Shamsi]] 4/19 (4 overs)
| result = South Africa won by 1 run
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415731.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Arnos Vale Stadium]], [[Kingstown]]
| umpires = [[Jayaraman Madanagopal]] (Ind) and [[Joel Wilson (umpire)|Joel Wilson]] (WI)
| motm = [[Tabraiz Shamsi]] (SA)
| toss = Nepal won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = Nepal were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="D8i">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-15 |title=South Africa vs Nepal Live Score, T20 World Cup 2024: Nepal falls metres (and one run) short of making history |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/south-africa-vs-nepal-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-match-31-today-sa-vs-nep-latest-scorecard-updates-9393435/ |access-date=2024-06-15 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621084122/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/south-africa-vs-nepal-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-match-31-today-sa-vs-nep-latest-scorecard-updates-9393435/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match37}}'''Match 37'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|16}}
| time = {{UTZ|19:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|BAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|NEP}}
| score1 = 106 (19.3 overs)
| runs1 = [[Shakib Al Hasan]] 17 (22)
| wickets1 = [[Sompal Kami]] 2/10 (3 overs)
| score2 = 85 (19.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Kushal Malla]] 27 (40)
| wickets2 = [[Tanzim Hasan Sakib]] 4/7 (4 overs)
| result = Bangladesh won by 21 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415737.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Arnos Vale Stadium]], [[Kingstown]]
| umpires = [[Sam Nogajski]] (Aus) and [[Ahsan Raza]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Tanzim Hasan Sakib]] (Ban)
| toss = Nepal won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Sandeep Lamichhane]] (Nep) took his 100th wicket in T20Is.<ref name="D9i">{{Cite web |title=Sandeep Lamichhane becomes second fastest bowler to pick 100 T20I wickets |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/sandeep-lamichhane-100-t20i-wickets-nepal-vs-bangladesh-t20-world-cup-2024-stats-records-cricket-news/article68299066.ece |access-date=2024-06-16 |work=SportStar |language=en |archive-date=17 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617010918/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/sandeep-lamichhane-100-t20i-wickets-nepal-vs-bangladesh-t20-world-cup-2024-stats-records-cricket-news/article68299066.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Bangladesh qualified for the Super 8 while Netherlands were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="D2q"/>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match38}}'''Match 38'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|16}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SL}}
| team2 = {{cr|NED}}
| score1 = 201/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Charith Asalanka]] 46 (21)
| wickets1 = [[Logan van Beek]] 2/45 (4 overs)
| score2 = 118 (16.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Michael Levitt (cricketer)|Michael Levitt]] 31 (23)
| wickets2 = [[Nuwan Thushara]] 3/24 (3.4 overs)
| result = Sri Lanka won by 83 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415738.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Daren Sammy Cricket Ground]], [[Gros Islet]]
| umpires = [[Allahudien Paleker]] (SA) and [[Alex Wharf]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Charith Asalanka]] (SL)
| toss = Netherlands won the toss and elected to field.
}}

== Super 8 stage ==
The top two teams from groups A to D advanced to the Super 8 stage, where they were divided into two groups of four teams each. In the Super 8 stage, each team played the others in their group as a round-robin, with the top two teams from each group advancing to the knockout stage.<ref name="FAQs"/><ref name="Schedule"/> No points were carried over from the group stage to the Super 8 stage.<ref name="24t20wc-pc"/> Prior to the tournament, eight teams had been seeded for the Super 8 stage based on their T20I rankings at that time: Australia,<ref name="B2q-D1q">{{Cite web |date=12 June 2024 |title=Australia and South Africa become first teams to qualify for Super 8 stage of T20 World Cup – CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/sports/australia-and-south-africa-become-first-teams-to-qualify-for-super-8-stage-of-t20-world-cup-19427304.htm |access-date=12 June 2024 |website=[[CNBC TV18]] |language=en |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612132153/https://www.cnbctv18.com/sports/australia-and-south-africa-become-first-teams-to-qualify-for-super-8-stage-of-t20-world-cup-19427304.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> India,<ref name="A1q">{{Cite web |last=Sportstar |first=Team |date=12 June 2024 |title=USA vs IND, T20 World Cup 2024: India qualifies for Super 8 after beating United States |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/india-vs-usa-ind-qualifies-super-8-teams-t20-wc-2024-group-a/article68281148.ece |access-date=13 June 2024 |website=[[Sportstar]] |language=en |archive-date=13 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613022927/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/india-vs-usa-ind-qualifies-super-8-teams-t20-wc-2024-group-a/article68281148.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> New Zealand, and Sri Lanka in Group 1; England,<ref name="B1q">{{Cite web |date=16 June 2024 |title=T20 World Cup 2024: England qualify for Super 8 as Australia beat Scotland |url=https://www.firstpost.com/firstcricket/sports-news/t20-world-cup-2024-england-qualify-for-super-8-as-australia-beat-scotland-13782972.html |access-date=16 June 2024 |website=[[Firstpost]] |language=en-us |archive-date=16 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616102311/https://www.firstpost.com/firstcricket/sports-news/t20-world-cup-2024-england-qualify-for-super-8-as-australia-beat-scotland-13782972.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Pakistan, South Africa, and the West Indies<ref name="C2q">{{Cite web |title=West Indies Qualify For Super 8s After 13-Run Win Over New Zealand {{!}} Cricket News |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/west-indies-qualify-for-super-8s-after-13-run-win-over-new-zealand-5879320 |access-date=13 June 2024 |work=[[NDTV|NDTVSports]] |language=en |archive-date=13 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613093441/https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/west-indies-qualify-for-super-8s-after-13-run-win-over-new-zealand-5879320 |url-status=live }}</ref> in Group 2.<ref name="S8t">{{cite news |title=T20 World Cup 2024 Super 8: Qualified teams, schedule, match date and venues |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/t20-world-cup-2024-super-8-qualified-teams-schedule-date-india-vs-australia-9391821/ |access-date=14 June 2024 |publisher=The Indian Express |date=14 June 2024 |archive-date=14 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614034318/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/t20-world-cup-2024-super-8-qualified-teams-schedule-date-india-vs-australia-9391821/ |url-status=live }}</ref> New Zealand, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka did not qualify for the Super 8 stage,<ref name="D7i">{{cite news|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/sri-lanka-knocked-out-of-t20-world-cup-2024-bangladesh-close-in-on-super-eight-berth-with-25-run-win-over-netherlands-5884790|title=Sri Lanka Knocked Out Of T20 World Cup 2024|date=13 June 2024|access-date=13 June 2024|work=[[NDTV]]|archive-date=27 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627034341/https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/sri-lanka-knocked-out-of-t20-world-cup-2024-bangladesh-close-in-on-super-eight-berth-with-25-run-win-over-netherlands-5884790|url-status=live}}</ref> and their places were taken by Afghanistan,<ref name="C1q">{{cite news|url=https://crictoday.com/cricket/daily-cricket-news/afghanistan-qualify-for-super-8-stage-of-icc-t20-world-cup-2024-new-zealand-eliminated/|title=Afghanistan qualify for Super 8 stage of ICC T20 World Cup 2024, New Zealand eliminated|date=14 June 2024|access-date=14 June 2024|work=Cric Today|archive-date=14 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614052936/https://crictoday.com/cricket/daily-cricket-news/afghanistan-qualify-for-super-8-stage-of-icc-t20-world-cup-2024-new-zealand-eliminated/|url-status=live}}</ref> Bangladesh,<ref name="D2q">{{Cite web |title=Bangladesh Seal Final Spot In T20 World Cup Super 8s, Fans Question "Where Is Pakistan?" {{!}} Cricket News |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/bangladesh-seal-final-spot-in-t20-world-cup-super-8s-fans-question-where-is-pakistan-5906395 |access-date=18 June 2024 |website=[[NDTV|NDTVSports.com]] |language=en |archive-date=18 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618111206/https://sports.ndtv.com/t20-world-cup-2024/bangladesh-seal-final-spot-in-t20-world-cup-super-8s-fans-question-where-is-pakistan-5906395 |url-status=live }}</ref> and the United States.<ref name="A2q">{{Cite news |last=Smyth |first=Rob |date=14 June 2024 |title=USA qualify for Super Eights after washout against Ireland: T20 Cricket World Cup – as it happened |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2024/jun/14/usa-v-ireland-t20-cricket-world-cup-live |access-date=15 June 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" width=50% | Qualification
! colspan="2" width=50% | Super 8 stage
|-
! width=25% | Group 1
! width=25% | Group 2
|-
| rowspan="4" width=40% | {{nowrap|Advanced from the group stage}} (Top 2 teams from each group)
| {{center|'''A'''}} || {{cr|IND}} || {{nowrap|{{cr|USA}}}}
|-
| {{center|'''B'''}} || {{cr|AUS}} || {{cr|ENG}}
|-
| {{center|'''C'''}} || {{nowrap|{{cr|AFG}}}} || {{cr|WIN}}
|-
| {{center|'''D'''}} || {{cr|BAN}} || {{cr|SA}}
|}

=== Group 1 ===
<section begin=group1 />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=CricketRR
|show_tie=no
|source = [[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref name=24t20wc-pt>{{ESPNcricinfo 2|series|ref=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/points-table-standings|title=2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, points table standings|access-date=2024-07-01|dynamic=y}}</ref>
|class_rules=1) Points; 2) Wins; 3) [[Net run rate]]; 4) Results of games between tied teams; 5) [[ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings|T20I Rankings]] ahead of the tournament<ref name="24t20wc-pc">{{Cite journal |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |date=15 May 2024 |journal=[[ICC playing conditions|ICC Men's T20 World Cup, playing conditions]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610115930/https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2024}}</ref>
|update=complete

|team1=IND
|team2=AFG
|team3=AUS
|team4=BAN

|win_AFG=2 |loss_AFG=1 |nr_AFG= |nrr_AFG=-0.305
|win_AUS=1 |loss_AUS=2 |nr_AUS= |nrr_AUS=-0.331
|win_BAN= |loss_BAN=3 |nr_BAN= |nrr_BAN=-1.709
|win_IND=3 |loss_IND= |nr_IND= |nrr_IND=2.017

|name_AFG={{cr|AFG}}
|name_AUS={{cr|AUS}}
|name_BAN={{cr|BAN}}
|name_IND={{cr|IND}}

|result1=Q
|result2=Q
|result3=E
|result4=E

|col_Q=green1
|res_col_header=Q
|text_Q={{nobr|Advanced to the}} [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup knockout stage|knockout stage]]
|text_E=Eliminated

}}
<section end=group1 />
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match43}}'''Match 43'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|20}}
| time= {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|AFG}}
| score1 = 181/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Suryakumar Yadav]] 53 (28)
| wickets1 = [[Rashid Khan]] 3/26 (4 overs)
| score2 = 134 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Azmatullah Omarzai]] 26 (20)
| wickets2 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 3/7 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 47 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415743.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
| umpires = [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Suryakumar Yadav]] (Ind)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match44}}'''Match 44'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|20}}
| time= {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|BAN}}
| team2 = {{cr|AUS}}
| score1 = 140/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Najmul Hossain Shanto]] 41 (36)
| wickets1 = [[Pat Cummins]] 3/29 (4 overs)
| score2 = 100/2 (11.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] 53[[not out|*]] (35)
| wickets2 = [[Rishad Hossain]] 2/23 (3 overs)
| result = Australia won by 28 runs ([[Duckworth–Lewis–Stern method|DLS method]])
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415744.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]], [[North Sound]]
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Pat Cummins]] (Aus)
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to field.
| rain = Rain prevented any further play.
* Australia were above the DLS par score of 72 in 11.2 overs.
| notes = [[Pat Cummins]] (Aus) took his first [[List of Twenty20 International cricket hat-tricks#Chronological list of hat-tricks|hat-trick in T20Is]].<ref name="1-2i">{{Cite web |title=Pat Cummins Makes History With T20 World Cup Hat-trick, Enters Record Books. Watch {{!}} Cricket News |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/pat-cummins-makes-history-with-t20-world-cup-hat-trick-enters-record-books-watch-5935817 |access-date=2024-06-21 |work=NDTVSports |language=en}}</ref> This was the first hat-trick in the 2024 tournament and overall the seventh in the history of the T20 World Cup.<ref name="1-2ii">{{Cite web |title=Cummins takes first hat-trick of T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/t20-world-cup-2024-australia-fast-bowler-pat-cummins-stars-with-hat-trick-against-bangladesh-1439994 |access-date=2024-06-21 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621040853/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/t20-world-cup-2024-australia-fast-bowler-pat-cummins-stars-with-hat-trick-against-bangladesh-1439994 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match47}}'''Match 47'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|22}}
| time= {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|BAN}}
| score1 = 196/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Hardik Pandya]] 50[[not out|*]] (27)
| wickets1 = [[Tanzim Hasan Sakib]] 2/32 (4 overs)
| score2 = 146/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Najmul Hossain Shanto]] 40 (32)
| wickets2 = [[Kuldeep Yadav]] 3/19 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 50 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415747.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]], [[North Sound]]
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Adrian Holdstock]] (SA)
| motm = [[Hardik Pandya]] (Ind)
| toss = Bangladesh won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Shakib Al Hasan]] (Ban) became the first bowler to take 50 wickets in T20 World Cup history.<ref name="1-3i">{{cite web |access-date=22 June 2024 |date=22 June 2024 |title=Shakib Al Hasan becomes first bowler to pick 50 wickets in T20 World Cup history |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/ind-vs-ban-shakib-al-hasan-record-50-wickets-t20-world-cup-stats-india-v-bangladesh-rohit-sharma/article68320741.ece/ |work=SportStar |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622160548/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/ind-vs-ban-shakib-al-hasan-record-50-wickets-t20-world-cup-stats-india-v-bangladesh-rohit-sharma/article68320741.ece/amp/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match48}}'''Match 48'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|22}}
| time= {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AFG}}
| team2 = {{cr|AUS}}
| score1 = 148/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rahmanullah Gurbaz]] 60 (49)
| wickets1 = [[Pat Cummins]] 3/28 (4 overs)
| score2 = 127 (19.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Glenn Maxwell]] 59 (41)
| wickets2 = [[Gulbadin Naib]] 4/20 (4 overs)
| result = Afghanistan won by 21 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415748.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Arnos Vale Stadium]], [[Kingstown]]
| umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] (SL) and [[Ahsan Raza]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Gulbadin Naib]] (Afg)
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Pat Cummins]] (Aus) took his second consecutive [[List of Twenty20 International cricket hat-tricks#Chronological list of hat-tricks|hat-trick in T20Is]] and became the only player to take more than one hat-trick in the T20 World Cup. This was the second hat-trick of the tournament and overall the eighth in the history of the T20 World Cup.<ref name="1-4i">{{cite web |access-date=23 June 2024 |title=Cummins creates history with second consecutive T20 World Cup hat-trick |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/cummins-creates-history-with-second-consecutive-t20-world-cup-hat-trick |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=23 June 2024 |archive-date=23 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623025847/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/cummins-creates-history-with-second-consecutive-t20-world-cup-hat-trick |url-status=live }}</ref>
* This was Afghanistan's first win against Australia in T20Is.<ref name="1-4ii">{{cite web |access-date=23 June 2024 |title=AUS vs AFG: Afghanistan secure historic win vs Australia to stay alive in T20 World Cup |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/t20-world-cup-australia-afghanistan-history-gurbaz-maxwell-2556817-2024-06-23 |work=India Today |date=23 June 2024 |archive-date=23 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623041845/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/t20-world-cup-australia-afghanistan-history-gurbaz-maxwell-2556817-2024-06-23 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match51}}'''Match 51'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|24}}
| time= {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|AUS}}
| score1 = 205/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 92 (41)
| wickets1 = [[Mitchell Starc]] 2/45 (4 overs)
| score2 = 181/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Travis Head]] 76 (43)
| wickets2 = [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] 3/37 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 24 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415751.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Daren Sammy Cricket Ground]], [[Gros Islet]]
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind)
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]], [[Mitchell Starc]] and [[Matthew Wade]] (Aus) played their last T20I.<ref name="1-5i">{{Cite web |date=2024-01-01 |title=Warner confirms ODI retirement to add to Test farewell |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/warner-confirms-odi-retirement-to-add-to-test-farewell |access-date=2024-01-07 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=15 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250215113857/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/warner-confirms-odi-retirement-to-add-to-test-farewell |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind) became the first player to hit 200 sixes in T20Is.<ref name="1-5ii">{{cite web |access-date=24 June 2024 |title=IND vs AUS, T20 World Cup 2024: Rohit Sharma becomes first to hit 200 sixes in T20Is |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/rohit-sharma-most-sixes-t20i-record-stats-ind-vs-aus-t20-world-cup/article68328504.ece |work=SportStar |date=24 June 2024 |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624173143/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/rohit-sharma-most-sixes-t20i-record-stats-ind-vs-aus-t20-world-cup/article68328504.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> He also became the highest run-scorer in T20Is, surpassing [[Babar Azam]].<ref name="1-5iii">{{cite web |access-date=24 June 2024 |title=Stat Pack: Rohit Sharma goes past Babar Azam in demolition job vs Australia |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/t20-world-cup-2024-india-vs-australia-rohit-sharma-stat-pack-2557533-2024-06-24 |work=India Today |date=24 June 2024 |archive-date=24 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624173345/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/t20-world-cup-2024-india-vs-australia-rohit-sharma-stat-pack-2557533-2024-06-24 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* India qualified for the semi-finals as a result of this match.<ref name="1-2q">{{Cite web |last=PTI |title=T20 World Cup 2024: India beat Australia to qualify for semi-finals |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/sports/cricket/t20-world-cup-2024-india-beat-australia-to-qualify-for-semi-finals-3079267 |access-date=25 June 2024 |website=[[Deccan Herald]] |language=en |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625123504/https://www.deccanherald.com/sports/cricket/t20-world-cup-2024-india-beat-australia-to-qualify-for-semi-finals-3079267 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match52}}'''Match 52'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|24}}
| time= {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AFG}}
| team2 = {{cr|BAN}}
| score1 = 115/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rahmanullah Gurbaz]] 43 (55)
| wickets1 = [[Rishad Hossain]] 3/26 (4 overs)
| score2 = 105 (17.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Litton Das]] 54[[not out|*]] (49)
| wickets2 = [[Rashid Khan]] 4/23 (4 overs)
| result = Afghanistan won by 8 runs ([[Duckworth–Lewis–Stern method|DLS]] method)
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415752.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Arnos Vale Stadium]], [[Kingstown]]
| umpires = [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind) and [[Langton Rusere]] (Zim)
| motm = [[Naveen-ul-Haq]] (Afg)
| toss = Afghanistan won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain = Bangladesh were set a revised target of 114 runs off 19 overs due to rain.
| notes = [[Rashid Khan]] (Afg) took his 150th wicket in T20Is.<ref name="1-6i">{{cite web |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/rashid-khan-creates-history-becomes-first-spinner-in-the-world-to-article-111247496 |title=Rashid Khan Creates History, Becomes First Spinner In The World To... |work=Times Now |date=25 June 2024 |access-date=25 June 2024 |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625044616/https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/rashid-khan-creates-history-becomes-first-spinner-in-the-world-to-article-111247496 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* This was Afghanistan's first win against Bangladesh in T20 World Cup.<ref name="1-6ii">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-25 |title=AFG vs BAN highlights - Afghanistan knock out Australia, Bangladesh to make maiden semi-final of T20 World Cup |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/afghanistan-vs-bangladesh-52nd-match-super-eights-group-1-1415752/live-match-blog |access-date=2024-06-25 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref>
* Afghanistan qualified for the semi-finals while Australia and Bangladesh were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="1-1q">{{Cite web |date=25 June 2024 |title=T20 World Cup results: Afghanistan reach semi-final for first time |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/ckvvvg717wno |access-date=25 June 2024 |website=[[BBC Sport]] |language=en-GB |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625133222/https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/ckvvvg717wno |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Afghanistan qualified for the semi-finals of any major ICC Tournament for the first time.<ref name="1-1q"/>
}}

=== Group 2 ===
<section begin=group2 />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=CricketRR
|show_tie=no
|source = [[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref name=24t20wc-pt>{{ESPNcricinfo 2|series|ref=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/points-table-standings|title=2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup, points table standings|access-date=2024-07-01|dynamic=y}}</ref>
|class_rules=1) Points; 2) Wins; 3) [[Net run rate]]; 4) Results of games between tied teams; 5) [[ICC Men's T20I Team Rankings|T20I Rankings]] ahead of the tournament<ref name="24t20wc-pc">{{Cite journal |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |date=15 May 2024 |journal=[[ICC playing conditions|ICC Men's T20 World Cup, playing conditions]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610115930/https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2024}}</ref>
|update=complete

|team1=SA
|team2=ENG
|team3=WIN
|team4=USA

|win_ENG=2 |loss_ENG=1 |nr_ENG= |nrr_ENG=1.992
|win_SA=3 |loss_SA= |nr_SA= |nrr_SA=0.599
|win_USA= |loss_USA=3 |nr_USA= |nrr_USA=-3.906
|win_WIN=1 |loss_WIN=2 |nr_WIN= |nrr_WIN=0.963

|name_ENG={{cr|ENG}}
|name_SA={{cr|SA}}
|name_USA={{cr|USA}}
|name_WIN={{cr|WIN}}

|result1=Q
|result2=Q
|result3=E
|result4=E

|col_Q=green1
|res_col_header=Q
|text_Q={{nobr|Advanced to the}} [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup knockout stage|knockout stage]]
|text_E=Eliminated

|status_WIN=H
|status_USA=H
|status_text_H=Hosts

}}
<section end=group2 />
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match41}}'''Match 41'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|19}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SA}}
| team2 = {{cr|USA}}
| score1 = 194/4 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Quinton de Kock]] 74 (40)
| wickets1 = [[Saurabh Netravalkar]] 2/21 (4 overs)
| score2 = 176/6 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Andries Gous]] 80[[not out|*]] (47)
| wickets2 = [[Kagiso Rabada]] 3/18 (4 overs)
| result = South Africa won by 18 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415741.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]], [[North Sound]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Quinton de Kock]] (SA)
| toss = United States won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = This was the first time South Africa and United States faced each other in T20Is.<ref name="2-1i">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-19 |title=South Africa vs United States Highlights, T20 World Cup 2024: Kagiso Rabada snaps three wickets as SA beat USA by 18 runs |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/south-africa-vs-united-states-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-match-41-today-sa-vs-usa-latest-scorecard-updates-9401373/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705144535/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/south-africa-vs-united-states-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-match-41-today-sa-vs-usa-latest-scorecard-updates-9401373/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match42}}'''Match 42'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|19}}
| time= {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|WIN}}
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}
| score1 = 180/4 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Johnson Charles]] 38 (34)
| wickets1 = [[Moeen Ali]] 1/15 (2 overs)
| score2 = 181/2 (17.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Phil Salt]] 87[[not out|*]] (47)
| wickets2 = [[Roston Chase]] 1/19 (3 overs)
| result = England won by 8 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415742.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Daren Sammy Cricket Ground]], [[Gros Islet]]
| umpires = [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind) and [[Ahsan Raza]] (Pak)
| motm = [[Phil Salt]] (Eng)
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match45}}'''Match 45'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|21}}
| time= {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|SA}}
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}
| score1 = 163/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Quinton de Kock]] 65 (38)
| wickets1 = [[Jofra Archer]] 3/40 (4 overs)
| score2 = 156/6 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Harry Brook]] 53 (37)
| wickets2 = [[Keshav Maharaj]] 2/25 (4 overs)
| result = South Africa won by 7 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415745.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Daren Sammy Cricket Ground]], [[Gros Islet]]
| umpires = [[Chris Brown (cricketer, born 1973)|Chris Brown]] (NZ) and [[Sharfuddoula]] (Ban)
| motm = [[Quinton de Kock]] (SA)
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match46}}'''Match 46'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|21}}
| time= {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|USA}}
| team2 = {{cr|WIN}}
| score1 = 128 (19.5 overs)
| runs1 = [[Andries Gous]] 29 (16)
| wickets1 = [[Roston Chase]] 3/19 (4 overs)
| score2 = 130/1 (10.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Shai Hope]] 82[[not out|*]] (39)
| wickets2 = [[Harmeet Singh Baddhan|Harmeet Singh]] 1/18 (2 overs)
| result = West Indies won by 9 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415746.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
| umpires = [[Allahudien Paleker]] (SA) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Roston Chase]] (WI)
| toss = West Indies won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = This was the first time West Indies and United States faced each other in T20Is.<ref name="2-4i">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-22 |title=United States vs West Indies Highlights, T20 World Cup 2024: Shai Hope powers West Indies to 9-wicket victory |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/united-states-vs-west-indies-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-match-46-today-usa-vs-wi-latest-scorecard-updates-9407418/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match49}}'''Match 49'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|23}}
| time= {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|USA}}
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}
| score1 = 115 (18.5 overs)
| runs1 = [[Nitish Kumar (cricketer)|Nitish Kumar]] 30 (24)
| wickets1 = [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]] 4/10 (2.5 overs)
| score2 = 117/0 (9.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Jos Buttler]] 83[[not out|*]] (38)
| result = England won by 10 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415749.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Joel Wilson (umpire)|Joel Wilson]] (WI)
| motm = [[Adil Rashid]] (Eng)
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = This was the first time England and United States faced each other in T20Is.<ref name="2-5i">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-23 |title=United States vs England Highlights, T20 World Cup 2024: Jos Buttler stars with blistering knock as England thrash USA in 9.4 overs to qualify for semifinals |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/united-states-vs-england-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-match-49-today-usa-vs-eng-latest-scorecard-updates-9409957/ |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=15 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250215113857/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/united-states-vs-england-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-match-49-today-usa-vs-eng-latest-scorecard-updates-9409957/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]] (Eng) took his first [[List of Twenty20 International cricket hat-tricks#Chronological list of hat-tricks|hat-trick in T20Is]] and became the first English player to take hat-trick in T20 World Cup. This was the third hat-trick of the tournament and overall the ninth in the history of the T20 World Cup.<ref name="2-5ii">{{cite web |access-date=23 June 2024 |title=ENG vs USA: Chris Jordan becomes second bowler to take hat-trick in T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/chris-jordan-hattrick-record-t20-world-cup-2024-eng-vs-usa-stats/article68324922.ece |work=SportStar |date=23 June 2024 |archive-date=23 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623161755/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/t20-world-cup/chris-jordan-hattrick-record-t20-world-cup-2024-eng-vs-usa-stats/article68324922.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>
* England qualified for the semi-finals while United States were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="2-2q">{{Cite web |date=23 June 2024 |title=Jordan, Rashid and Buttler lead England's charge into the semis |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/england-vs-united-states-of-america-49th-match-super-eights-group-2-1415749/match-report |access-date=24 June 2024 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625183505/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/england-vs-united-states-of-america-49th-match-super-eights-group-2-1415749/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
----
{{Single-innings cricket match
| round = {{anchor|match50}}'''Match 50'''
| date = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|23}}
| time= {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night= y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|WIN}}
| team2 = {{cr|SA}}
| score1 = 135/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Roston Chase]] 52 (42)
| wickets1 = [[Tabraiz Shamsi]] 3/27 (4 overs)
| score2 = 124/7 (16.1 overs)
| runs2 = [[Tristan Stubbs]] 29 (27)
| wickets2 = [[Roston Chase]] 3/12 (3 overs)
| result = South Africa won by 3 wickets ([[Duckworth-Lewis-Stern method|DLS]] method)
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415750.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Sir Vivian Richards Stadium]], [[North Sound]]
| umpires = [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus) and [[Alex Wharf]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Tabraiz Shamsi]] (SA)
| toss = South Africa won the toss and elected to field.
| rain = South Africa were set a revised target of 123 runs off 17 overs due to rain.
| notes = South Africa qualified for the semi-finals while West Indies were eliminated as a result of this match.<ref name="2-1q">{{Cite web |title=South Africa knock West Indies out to enter semi-final with nervy win |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/west-indies-vs-south-africa-50th-match-super-eights-group-2-1415750/match-report |access-date=24 June 2024 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=25 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625183203/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/west-indies-vs-south-africa-50th-match-super-eights-group-2-1415750/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

== Knockout stage ==
The knockout stage consisted of two semi-finals, played at [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]] in [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]] on 26 June and [[Providence Stadium]] in [[Guyana]] on 27 June, and the [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup final|final]], at [[Kensington Oval]] in [[Bridgetown]] on 29 June.<ref name="etk">{{Cite web |date=21 May 2024 |title=Everything you need to know about the ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024 |access-date=21 June 2024 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621024516/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="24t20wc-pc"/> The ICC had stated that if India qualified for the semi-finals, they would play in semi-final 2 at Providence Stadium in Guyana, for the match timings to be aligned with the [[UTC+05:30|local time in India]].<ref name="24t20wc-pc"/><ref name=sfv>{{Cite web |title= T20 World Cup 2024 - India allotted Guyana semi-final on June 27 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/mens-t20-world-cup-2024-india-allotted-second-semi-final-on-june-27-in-providence-guyana-1433782 |access-date= 14 May 2024 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |date= 14 May 2024 |archive-date= 14 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240514143218/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/mens-t20-world-cup-2024-india-allotted-second-semi-final-on-june-27-in-providence-guyana-1433782?platform=amp |url-status= live }}</ref>

=== Rules ===
Both semi-finals had an additional time of 250 minutes. In semi-final 1, 60 minutes was available on the scheduled date with another 190 minutes on the reserve day, while semi-final 2 had 250 minutes available only on the scheduled day and had no reserve day. The final, however, had a reserve day available on 30 June.<ref name="etk"/><ref name="24t20wc-pc"/> If a reserve day came into play, the match would not be restarted but instead resumed from the previous day's play, if there was any.<ref name="etk"/><ref name="24t20wc-pc"/>

In the event of no play on the scheduled day or the reserve day, in the semi-finals, the team that finished higher in the group stage would progress to the final, and if no play were possible in the final, the trophy would be shared.<ref name="etk"/><ref name="24t20wc-pc"/> If any match ended in a [[Result (cricket)#Tie|tie]], a [[Super Over]] would be used to determine the winner. If the scores in the Super Over were also tied, subsequent Super Overs will be played until there's a winner.<ref name="etk">{{Cite web |date=21 May 2024 |title=Everything you need to know about the ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024 |access-date=21 June 2024 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=21 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240621024516/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="24t20wc-pc">{{Cite journal |title=ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |date=15 May 2024 |journal=[[ICC playing conditions|ICC Men's T20 World Cup, playing conditions]] |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |volume=9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610115930/https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/znofzpw3btrqudr8seqd.pdf |archive-date=10 June 2024}}</ref>

=== Bracket ===
<section begin="bracket" />{{4TeamBracket
| team-width = 150px
| score-width = 150px

| RD1 = '''[[2024 Men's T20 World Cup knockout stage#Semi-finals|Semi-finals]]'''
| RD1-seed1 = '''2W'''
| RD1-team1 = {{nobr|'''{{cr|SA}}'''}}
| RD1-score1 = {{nobr|'''60/1 (8.5 overs)'''}}
| RD1-seed2 = 1R
| RD1-team2 = {{cr|AFG}}
| RD1-score2 = 56 (11.5 overs)

| RD1-seed3 = '''1W'''
| RD1-team3 = '''{{cr|IND}}'''
| RD1-score3 = {{nobr|'''171/7 (20 overs)'''}}
| RD1-seed4 = 2R
| RD1-team4 = {{cr|ENG}}
| RD1-score4 = 103 (16.4 overs)

| RD2= '''[[2024 Men's T20 World Cup final|Final]]'''
| RD2-seed1 = SF1W
| RD2-team1 = {{nobr|{{cr|SA}}}}
| RD2-score1 = 169/8 (20 overs)
| RD2-seed2 = '''SF2W'''
| RD2-team2 = '''{{cr|IND}}'''
| RD2-score2 = '''{{nobr|176/7 (20 overs)}}'''
}}
* Source:<ref name="24t20wc-pc"/><ref>{{ESPNcricinfo 2|series-sub|id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166|sub=fixtures and results|event=2024 Men's T20 World Cup|access-date=2025-04-19|dynamic=y}}</ref><section end="bracket"/>

=== Semi-finals ===
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break|width=20%}}
[[File:Marco Jansen 2022.jpg|left|thumb|alt=Marco Jansen in 2022|South Africa's [[Marco Jansen]] (pictured in 2022) was awarded with the Player of the match award for semi-final 1.]]
{{Col-break}}
{{Limited overs matches
| round = {{anchor|Semi-final 1}}'''Semi-final 1'''
| date = {{start date|df=y|2024|06|26}}
| time = {{UTZ|20:30|-4}}
| night = y
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AFG}}
| team2 = {{cr|SA}}
| score1 = 56 (11.5 overs)
| runs1 = [[Azmatullah Omarzai]] 10 (12)
| wickets1 = [[Tabraiz Shamsi]] 3/6 (1.5 overs)
| score2 = 60/1 (8.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Reeza Hendricks]] 29[[not out|*]] (25)
| wickets2 = [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] 1/11 (2 overs)
| result = South Africa won by 9 wickets
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415753.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Brian Lara Cricket Academy]], [[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind)
| motm = [[Marco Jansen]] (SA)
| toss = Afghanistan won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes = This was the first time Afghanistan played in a major ICC tournament semi-final.<ref name="1-1q"/>
* [[Anrich Nortje]] (SA) took his 50th wicket in T20Is.<ref name=SF1i>{{cite web |access-date=27 June 2024 |title=Anrich Nortje Completes 50 Wickets in T20Is, Achieves Feat During SA vs AFG ICC T20 World Cup 2024 Semi-Final |url=https://www.latestly.com/socially/sports/cricket/anrich-nortje-completes-50-wickets-in-t20is-achieves-feat-during-sa-vs-afg-icc-t20-world-cup-2024-semi-final-6067532.html |website=Latestly |date=27 June 2024 |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627143620/https://www.latestly.com/socially/sports/cricket/anrich-nortje-completes-50-wickets-in-t20is-achieves-feat-during-sa-vs-afg-icc-t20-world-cup-2024-semi-final-6067532.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] (Afg) broke the record of most wickets at a single edition of the [[Men's T20 World Cup]] (17), previously held by [[Wanindu Hasaranga]] of Sri Lanka (16).<ref name="mw 2">{{ESPNcricinfo 2 |trophy-rec |event=Men's T20 World Cup |rec=most wickets |id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89 |access-date=13 December 2024|dynamic=y}}</ref>
* Afghanistan posted their lowest T20I score.<ref name=SF1ii>{{Cite web |title=Stats - South Africa men's maiden World Cup final, Afghanistan's lowest T20I total |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/t20-world-cup-2024-semi-final-stats-south-africa-men-maiden-world-cup-final-afghanistan-lowest-t20i-total-1441083 |access-date=2024-06-27 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]|language=en |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627064015/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/t20-world-cup-2024-semi-final-stats-south-africa-men-maiden-world-cup-final-afghanistan-lowest-t20i-total-1441083 |url-status=live }}</ref> It was also the lowest score in a T20 World Cup semi-final.<ref name=SF1iii>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-27 |title=SA vs AFG: Afghanistan 56-all out, lowest total in T20 World Cup semi-finals |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/t20-world-cup-afghanistan-south-africa-lowest-record-semi-final-2558763-2024-06-27 |access-date=2024-06-28 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=28 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628133536/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/t20-world-cup-afghanistan-south-africa-lowest-record-semi-final-2558763-2024-06-27 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* South Africa qualified for the T20 World Cup final for the first time.<ref name=SF1q>{{Cite web |title=South Africa demolish Afghanistan to enter their maiden men's World Cup final |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/afghanistan-vs-south-africa-1st-semi-final-1415753/match-report |access-date=28 February 2025 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=27 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627054524/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/afghanistan-vs-south-africa-1st-semi-final-1415753/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
{{Col-end}}
Afghanistan played in their maiden semi-final but were bowled out 56 in 11.5 overs posting their lowest T20I score;<ref name=SF1ii/> and also the lowest score in a T20 World Cup semi-final,<ref name=SF1iii/> with the highest score being 10 off of 12 by [[Azmatullah Omarzai]] and South Africa's [[Tabraiz Shamsi]] taking 3/6 in 1.5 overs.<ref name=SF1c>{{Cite news |last=Pegan |first=Martin |date=27 June 2024 |title=South Africa smash men's World Cup semi-final hoodoo with Afghanistan win |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/jun/27/t20-world-cup-2024-south-africa-vs-afghanistan-results-match-report-scores |access-date=28 February 2025 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In the second innings, South Africa managed to chase it down in only 8.5 overs with [[Reeza Hendricks]]'s 29[[not out|*]] off of 25 while losing only one wicket to [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]].<ref name=SF1c/> South Africa's [[Marco Jansen]] was awarded with the Player of the match award.<ref name=SF1q/> South Africa qualified for their maiden World Cup final as a result of this match.<ref name=SF1q/>
----
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break}}
{{Limited overs matches
| round = {{anchor|Semi-final 2}}'''Semi-final 2'''
| date = {{start date|df=y|2024|06|27}}
| time = {{UTZ|10:30|-4}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}
| score1 = 171/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 57 (39)
| wickets1 = [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]] 3/37 (3 overs)
| score2 = 103 (16.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Harry Brook]] 25 (19)
| wickets2 = [[Kuldeep Yadav]] 3/19 (4 overs)
| result = India won by 68 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415754.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Providence Stadium]], [[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)
| motm = [[Axar Patel]] (Ind)
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = India qualified in the T20 World Cup final for the third time.<ref name=SF2q>{{Cite web |date=27 June 2024 |title=Rohit, Axar and Kuldeep lead India's dismantling of England in semi-final |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/england-vs-india-2nd-semi-final-1415754/match-report |access-date=28 February 2025 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=28 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250228092444/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/england-vs-india-2nd-semi-final-1415754/match-report |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
Throughout a rain-affected innings India managed to score 171 for the loss of 7 wickets, with the Indian captain [[Rohit Sharma]] scoring 57 off 39 balls and England's [[Chris Jordan (cricketer)|Chris Jordan]] taking 3/37 in 3 overs.<ref name=SF2c>{{Cite web |title=India thrash England in T20 World Cup semi - as it happened |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/live/cw009pqzjvkt |access-date=28 February 2025 |website=[[BBC Sport]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> In the second innings with the highest score being 25 off of 19 balls by [[Harry Brook]], England were bowled out for 103 in 16.4 overs, with India's [[Kuldeep Yadav]] taking 3/19 in 4 overs.<ref name=SF2c/> Indian spinner [[Axar Patel]] was awarded with the Player of the match award.<ref name=SF2q/> India qualified for their third T20 World Cup final after previously having won the tournament in [[2007 World Twenty20 final|2007]] and being runner-up in [[2014 World Twenty20 final|2014]].<ref name=SF2q/>
{{Col-break|width=20%}}
[[File:Axar Patel in PMO New Delhi.jpg|thumb|alt=Axar Patel in 2024|India's [[Axar Patel]] was awarded with the Player of the match award for semi-final 2.]]
{{Col-end}}

=== Final ===
{{Main|2024 Men's T20 World Cup final}}

{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break}}
India won the toss and elected to bat first.<ref name="toss">{{cite web |access-date=29 June 2024 |title=India vs South Africa Live Score, T20 World Cup 2024 Final: Rohit Sharma wins toss, IND bat first |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/india-vs-south-africa-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-final-today-ind-vs-sa-match-updates-and-full-scorecard-29-june-101719648383470.html |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629085550/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/india-vs-south-africa-live-score-t20-world-cup-2024-final-today-ind-vs-sa-match-updates-and-full-scorecard-29-june-101719648383470.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Indian opener [[Virat Kohli]] was the only batter from his team to register a 50+ score; [[Axar Patel]] scored 47 runs, [[Shivam Dube]] scored 27 runs, while five other batters managed to register single-digit scores as India posted 176 runs for the loss of 7 wickets. Chasing the target, South African batter [[Heinrich Klaasen]] was the only batter from his team to register a 50+ score; [[Quinton de Kock]], [[Tristan Stubbs]] and [[David Miller (South African cricketer)|David Miller]] scored 39, 31, 21 runs respectively, while six other batters managed to register single-digit scores as South Africa posted 169 runs for the loss of 8 wickets to lose the match by 7 runs.<ref name=sc1>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2024 |title=Ind vs SA Live Report |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/india-vs-south-africa-final-1415755/live-match-blog |access-date=29 June 2024 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629170851/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166/india-vs-south-africa-final-1415755/live-match-blog |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=sc2>{{Cite web |date=29 June 2024 |title=India vs South Africa LIVE Score, T20 World Cup Final 2024 |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/india-vs-south-africa-live-score-final-t20-world-cup-2024-ind-vs-sa-match-updates-streaming-info-weather-highlights/article68347747.ece |access-date=29 June 2024 |work=[[Sportstar]] |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629153507/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/india-vs-south-africa-live-score-final-t20-world-cup-2024-ind-vs-sa-match-updates-streaming-info-weather-highlights/article68347747.ece |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=sc3>{{Cite news |last=Aldred |first=Tanya |date=2024-06-29 |title=T20 World Cup final: India beat South Africa by seven runs to claim trophy – as it happened |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2024/jun/29/t20-cricket-world-cup-final-india-v-south-africa-live |access-date=2026-03-06 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

This was India's second T20 World Cup victory after their first win in [[2007 World Twenty20 final|2007]] and first win in a major ICC event in 11 years, with their previous win being the [[2013 ICC Champions Trophy]].<ref>{{cite news |access-date=30 June 2024 |title=ICC Trophy Drought Ends: India's Journey Through T20 World Cup History |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/icc-mens-t20-world-cup/icc-trophy-drought-ends-indias-journey-through-t20-world-cup-history/articleshow/111369631.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |archive-date=30 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240630011657/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/icc-mens-t20-world-cup/icc-trophy-drought-ends-indias-journey-through-t20-world-cup-history/articleshow/111369631.cms |url-status=live}}</ref> India also became the first team in the T20 World Cup history to win the title undefeated throughout the tournament.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=30 June 2024 |title=India script history to become first-ever team to win T20 Cricket World Cup title undefeated |url=https://www.sportingnews.com/ca/cricket/news/india-history-first-ever-team-win-t20-cricket-world-cup-undefeated/f3fed7d806c1ff72a325c807 |website=[[The Sporting News]] |date=29 June 2024 |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629193556/https://www.sportingnews.com/ca/cricket/news/india-history-first-ever-team-win-t20-cricket-world-cup-undefeated/f3fed7d806c1ff72a325c807 |url-status=live}}</ref> Rohit Sharma became the third Indian captain to win a major ICC event after [[Kapil Dev]] and [[MS Dhoni]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 June 2024 |title=India vs SA Final 2024: Rohit Sharma becomes the third captain after Kapil Dev and MS Dhoni to lift ICC World Cup |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/sports/india-vs-sa-final-2024-rohit-sharma-becomes-the-third-captain-after-kapil-dev-and-ms-dhoni-to-lift-icc-world-cup/articleshow/111369492.cms?from=mdr |access-date=30 June 2024 |work=[[The Economic Times]] |issn=0013-0389 |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701152830/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/sports/india-vs-sa-final-2024-rohit-sharma-becomes-the-third-captain-after-kapil-dev-and-ms-dhoni-to-lift-icc-world-cup/articleshow/111369492.cms |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Virat Kohli]] was the highest run-scorer in the match with 76 runs from 59 balls and received the player of the match award.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-01 |title=Lasting legacy: Looking back at Virat Kohli's best T20 World Cup innings |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/virat-kohli-s-best-t20-world-cup-innings |access-date=2026-03-25 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref> Sharma, Kohli and [[Ravindra Jadeja]] announced their retirement from the T20I cricket.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kohli, Rohit and Jadeja retire from T20 internationals |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/c6p2g1w2ydyo |access-date=4 July 2024 |work=[[BBC Sport]] |date=29 June 2024 |archive-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704014753/https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/c6p2g1w2ydyo |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{Single-innings cricket match
| date = {{anchor|match55}}{{start date|2024|06|29|df=y}}
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}
| team2 = {{cr|SA}}
| score1 = 176/7 (20 overs)
| score2 = 169/8 (20 overs)
| result = [[2024 Men's T20 World Cup final#Match details|India won by 7 runs]]
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1415755.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kensington Oval]], [[Bridgetown]]
}}
{{Col-break|width=15%}}
[[File:Virat Kohli in PMO New Delhi.jpg|thumb|alt=Virat Kohli in 2024|[[Virat Kohli]] scored the most runs for [[India national cricket team|India]] in the final (76 runs off 59 balls) and was awarded the player of the match.]]
{{Col-end}}

== Statistics ==
[[Rahmanullah Gurbaz]] of Afghanistan scored the most runs in the 2024 tournament (281 runs from 8 innings).<ref name="mr">{{ESPNcricinfo 2|tournament-rec|id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-15946|rec=most runs|access-date=1 July 2024|dynamic=y}}</ref> [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] of Afghanistan and [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] of India both took 17 wickets and were tied for the most wickets in the 2024 tournament. This was also the [[List of Men's T20 World Cup records#Most wickets in a tournament|most wickets in a T20 World Cup]].<ref name="mw">{{ESPNcricinfo 2|tournament-rec|id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-15946|rec=most wickets|access-date=1 July 2024|dynamic=y}}</ref><ref name="mwt">{{ESPNcricinfo 2|trophy-rec|id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-89|event=Men's T20 World Cup|rec=most wickets in a series|access-date=1 July 2024|dynamic=y}}</ref>

{{Multiple image |total_width = 300
| image1 = Fazalhaq Farooqi.jpg
| alt1 = Fazalhaq Farooqi in 2021
| image2 = Arshdeep Singh in PMO New Delhi.jpg
| alt2 = Arshdeep Singh in 2024
| footer = [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] (pictured in 2021) of Afghanistan and [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] of India took the joint-most wickets (17) in the tournament and Farooqi also had the {{Abbr|BBI|Best Bowling Innings}} of 5/9 against Uganda.
}}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Most runs scored by a batter<ref name="mr"/>
! scope=col | [[Run (cricket)|Runs]]
! scope=col | Player
! scope=col | Team
|-
! scope=row | 281
| [[Rahmanullah Gurbaz]] || {{cr|AFG}}
|-
! scope=row | 257
| [[Rohit Sharma]] || {{cr|IND}}
|-
! scope=row | 255
| [[Travis Head]] || {{cr|AUS}}
|-
! scope=row | 243
| [[Quinton de Kock]] || {{cr|SA}}
|-
! scope=row | 231
| [[Ibrahim Zadran]] || {{cr|AFG}}
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Most wickets taken by a bowler<ref name="mw"/>
! scope=col | [[Wicket]]s
! scope=col | Player
! scope=col | Team
|-
! scope=rowgroup rowspan=2 | 17
| [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]] || {{cr|AFG}}
|-
| [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] || {{cr|IND}}
|-
! scope=rowgroup rowspan=2 | 15
| [[Jasprit Bumrah]] || {{cr|IND}}
|-
| [[Anrich Nortje]] || {{cr|SA}}
|-
! scope=row | 14
| [[Rashid Khan]] || {{cr|AFG}}
|}

== Team of the tournament ==
{{Multiple image
| total_width = 450
| image1 = Prime Minister Of Bharat Shri Narendra Damodardas Modi with Shri Rohit Gurunath Sharma (Cropped).jpg
| alt1 = Rohit Sharma in 2024
| image2 = Jasprit Bumrah in PMO New Delhi.jpg
| alt2 = Jasprit Bumrah in 2024
| footer = Indian captain [[Rohit Sharma]] and bowler [[Jasprit Bumrah]] were featured in the team of the tournament.
}}

On 30 June, the ICC announced its team of the tournament with [[Jasprit Bumrah]] being named as player of the tournament for taking 15 wickets with an [[economy rate]] of 4.17, and [[Rohit Sharma]] as the captain of the team.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Men's T20 World Cup 2024, Player of the Tournament |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/pott |access-date=29 June 2024 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629192840/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/pott |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="tt1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/six-indian-t20-world-cup-stars-named-in-team-of-the-tournament |title=Six Indian T20 World Cup stars named in team of the tournament |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=30 June 2024 |access-date=1 July 2024 |archive-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701025422/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/six-indian-t20-world-cup-stars-named-in-team-of-the-tournament |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="tt2">{{Cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/four-nationalities-star-in-icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-team-of-the-tournament |title=Four nationalities star in Men's T20 World Cup 2024 Team of the Tournament |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=30 June 2024 |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+ Team of the tournament<ref name="tt1" /><ref name="tt2" />
! scope=col | Player
! scope=col | Team
! scope=col | Role
|-
! scope=row | [[Rohit Sharma]]
| {{cr|IND}} || Batter (captain)
|-
! scope=row | [[Rahmanullah Gurbaz]]
| {{cr|AFG}} || [[Wicket-keeper]]
|-
! scope=row | [[Nicholas Pooran]]
| {{cr|WIN}} || Batter
|-
! scope=row | [[Suryakumar Yadav]]
| {{cr|India}}|| Batter
|-
! scope=row | [[Marcus Stoinis]]
| {{cr|AUS}} || All-rounder
|-
! scope=row | [[Hardik Pandya]]
| {{cr|IND}} || All-rounder
|-
! scope=row | [[Axar Patel]]
| {{cr|IND}} || All-rounder
|-
! scope=row | [[Rashid Khan]]
| {{cr|AFG}} || Bowler
|-
! scope=row | [[Jasprit Bumrah]]
| {{cr|IND}} || Bowler
|-
! scope=row | [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]]
| {{cr|IND}} || Bowler
|-
! scope=row | [[Fazalhaq Farooqi]]
| {{cr|AFG}} || Bowler
|-
! scope=row | [[Anrich Nortje]]
| {{cr|SA}} || 12th man
|}

== Broadcasting ==
[[Disney Star]] served as host broadcaster for the tournament<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kerschbaumer |first=Ken |date=21 June 2024 |title=T20 Cricket World Cup: Inside Look at Disney Star's Host Broadcast, Unilateral Productions |url=https://www.sportsvideo.org/2024/06/21/inside-look-at-disney-star-host-unilateral-productions-for-the-t20-mens-cricket-world-cup/ |access-date=22 June 2024 |website=Sports Video Group |language=en |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622225910/https://www.sportsvideo.org/2024/06/21/inside-look-at-disney-star-host-unilateral-productions-for-the-t20-mens-cricket-world-cup/ |url-status=live }}</ref> After having introduced smartphone-oriented [[vertical video]] broadcasts at the [[2023 Cricket World Cup]], using dedicated camera feeds, the vertical video feeds for this T20 World Cup shifted to using [[machine learning]] technology to automatically adapt the main [[16:9 aspect ratio|16:9]] camera feeds to vertical and square video formats.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McLean |first=Heather |date=31 May 2024 |title=Quidich Innovation Labs introduces QuickFlip at the ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 in the West Indies and USA |url=https://www.svgeurope.org/blog/headlines/quidich-innovation-labs-introduces-quickflip-at-the-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024/ |access-date=15 June 2024 |website=SVG Europe |language=en |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615174131/https://www.svgeurope.org/blog/headlines/quidich-innovation-labs-introduces-quickflip-at-the-icc-mens-t20-world-cup-2024/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The ICC also offered highlights from the Super 8 round onward through an immersive app for [[visionOS]], which allowed users to view perspectives from various areas of the stadium.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kerschbaumer |first=Ken |date=21 June 2024 |title=T20 Cricket World Cup: ICC, With Help of Quidich, Offers Apple Vision Pro Users Immersive Highlights |url=https://www.sportsvideo.org/2024/06/21/icc-with-help-of-quidich-offer-apple-vision-pro-users-immersive-t20-world-cup-cricket-highlights/ |access-date=22 June 2024 |website=Sports Video Group |language=en |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622225910/https://www.sportsvideo.org/2024/06/21/icc-with-help-of-quidich-offer-apple-vision-pro-users-immersive-t20-world-cup-cricket-highlights/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In an effort to help promote the sport to U.S. audiences, the ICC partnered with American sports podcaster [[Jomboy (sports media)|Jomboy]], who has been known for producing cricket-related content targeting [[baseball]] viewers. He was hired as a contributor, including guest appearances as an [[Color commentator|analyst]] on selected matches to help explain the rules and strategy of the sport to new viewers.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shea |first=Bill |title=Baseball vanquished cricket in the U.S. once, but a new skirmish is afoot |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/3353516/2022/06/09/major-league-cricket-with-120m-pledged-pitches-a-new-t20-venture-in-the-u-s/ |access-date=24 May 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=27 July 2022 |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=24 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524235931/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/3353516/2022/06/09/major-league-cricket-with-120m-pledged-pitches-a-new-t20-venture-in-the-u-s/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Farrell |first=Melinda |date=24 May 2024 |title=Meet Jomboy – the American baseball pundit making cricket fun for newbies |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2024/5/24/who-is-jomboy-cricket-commentator-baseball-analyst-icc-t20-world-cup-2024 |access-date=15 June 2024 |website=[[Al Jazeera]] |language=en |archive-date=13 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613214336/https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2024/5/24/who-is-jomboy-cricket-commentator-baseball-analyst-icc-t20-world-cup-2024 |url-status=live }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Broadcasters for the tournament<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official Broadcasters {{!}} ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/fans/official-broadcasters |access-date=20 February 2025 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=27 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527021850/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/fans/official-broadcasters |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 May 2024 |title=Where to watch T20 World Cup? Broadcasters confirmed for ninth edition |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/broadcasters-confirmed-for-ninth-edition-of-t20-world-cup |access-date=20 February 2025 |publisher=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en |archive-date=29 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529152210/https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/news/broadcasters-confirmed-for-ninth-edition-of-t20-world-cup |url-status=live }}</ref>
! scope="col" | Region
! scope="col" | Country/Sub-region
! scope="col" | Broadcasting licensee(s)
! scope="col" | Broadcasting platforms
! scope="col" | Radio
|-
! rowspan=2 | Africa
| Middle East and North Africa || [[E&]] || CricLife Max [[StarzPlay]] || rowspan="5" {{N/A}}
|-
| Sub-Saharan Africa || [[SuperSport (South African broadcaster)|SuperSport]] || SS Cricket [[DStv]]
|-
! rowspan=3 | Americas
| Canada || Willow || [[Willow (TV channel)|Willow TV]] [[Cricbuzz]]
|-
| Caribbean Islands || [[ESPN]] || [[ESPN Caribbean]] [[ESPN Play]]
|-
| United States || Willow || [[Willow (TV channel)|Willow TV]] [[Cricbuzz]]
|-
! rowspan=7 | Asia
| Bangladesh || TSM || [[Nagorik (TV channel)|Nagorik TV]] [[Toffee (streaming service)|Toffee]] || [[Radio Shadhin]] and [[Radio Bhumi]]
|-
| India || [[Disney Star]] || [[Star Sports (India)|Star Sports]] [[Disney+ Hotstar]] || [[All India Radio]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | Pakistan || [[Pakistan Television Corporation|PTV]] || [[PTV Sports]] || rowspan="2" | [[Hum FM]]
|-
| Ten Sports || [[Ten Sports]]
|-
| Singapore || [[StarHub]] || [[Hub Sports]] || {{N/A}}
|-
| Sri Lanka || [[MTV Channel|Maharaja TV]] || [[TV 1 (Sri Lankan TV channel)|TV 1]] || [[Lakhanda radio]]
|-
| United Arab Emirates || colspan="2" {{N/A}} || Talk 100.3FM and Big 106.2
|-
! rowspan="3" | Europe
| Ireland || [[Sky Sports]] || [[Sky Sports Cricket]] || rowspan="2" {{N/A}}
|-
| Netherlands || [[Nederlandse Omroep Stichting|NOS]] || NOS
|-
| United Kingdom || [[Sky Sports]] || [[Sky Sports Cricket]] [[Sky Go]] || [[BBC Radio 5 Sports Extra]]
|-
! rowspan="2" | Oceania
| Australia || [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] || [[Amazon Prime Video|Prime Video]] || rowspan="2" {{N/A}}
|-
| New Zealand || [[Sky (New Zealand)|Sky TV NZ]] || [[Sky Sport (New Zealand)|Sky Sport]]
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/t20cricketworldcup/}}
* {{ESPNcricinfo 2|series|id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-1411166}}
* {{ESPNcricinfo 2|tournament|id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-2024-15946}}
* {{ESPNcricinfo 2|series|id=icc-men-s-t20-world-cup-warm-up-matches-2024-1434088|event=2024 Men's T20 World Cup warm-up matches}}

{{2024 Men's T20 World Cup}}
{{Men's T20 World Cup}}
{{International cricket in 2024}}
{{World championships in 2024}}
{{Portal bar|Sports|Cricket|Caribbean|United States}}

[[Category:2024 Men's T20 World Cup|*]]
[[Category:International cricket competitions in 2024]]
[[Category:International cricket competitions in the West Indies]]
[[Category:International cricket competitions in the United States]]
[[Category:June 2024 sports events in North America|ICC]]

Pilgrims

2026-09-07T06:57:16Z

Simba: Redirected page to Pilgrimage

#redirect [[Pilgrimage]]

Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)

2026-09-07T05:11:24Z

Simba: Created page with "{{Short description|Phase since 2022 of war ongoing since 2014}} {{Redirect|Russian invasion of Ukraine|the initial full-scale invasion in 2022|2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|other invasions|List of invasions and occupations of Ukraine|other wars between Russia and Ukraine|List of wars between Russia and Ukraine}} {{pp-move}} {{pp-extended|small=yes}} {{Bots|deny=InternetArchiveBot}}<!-- IABot replaces ghostarchive links with archive.org links, which do not work proper..."

{{Short description|Phase since 2022 of war ongoing since 2014}}
{{Redirect|Russian invasion of Ukraine|the initial full-scale invasion in 2022|2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|other invasions|List of invasions and occupations of Ukraine|other wars between Russia and Ukraine|List of wars between Russia and Ukraine}}
{{pp-move}}
{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Bots|deny=InternetArchiveBot}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}}
<section begin=infobox/>{{#invoke:Infobox military conflict|main
| conflict = Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)
| partof = the [[Russo-Ukrainian war]]
| image = 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.svg
| caption = Map of Ukraine {{As of|2026|April|24|lc=y}} ([[Template:Russo-Ukrainian War detailed map|details]]):
{{Center block|{{Leftlegend|#FDE182|Continuously controlled by Ukraine}}{{Leftlegend|#EBC0B3|[[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|Currently occupied or controlled by Russia]]}}{{Leftlegend|#ABD4DD|[[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine#Formerly occupied territories|Formerly occupied by Russia]]}}}}
| image_size = 300px
| alt =
| date = [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|24 February 2022]] – present ({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|day1=24|month1=2|year1=2022|day2=|month2=|year2=|duration=no}})
| place = Ukraine, [[Attacks in Russia during the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|Russia]], [[Naval warfare in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|Black Sea]]
| coordinates = 
| map_type =t
| map_relief =
| map_size =
| map_marksize =
| map_caption =
| map_label =
| result =
| status = [[List of ongoing armed conflicts|Ongoing]] ([[List of military engagements during the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|list of engagements]] '''·''' [[Territorial control during the Russo-Ukrainian War|territorial control]] '''·''' [[Timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|timeline of events]])
| combatants_header =
| combatant1 = {{Tree list}}
*{{#invoke:flag||Russia}}

*{{#invoke:flag||Belarus}}{{efn|Belarus's logistical support for Russian forces, particularly allowing Russian forces to launch offensive operations against Ukraine from Belarusian territory in 2022, has been characterised as belligerency on the part of Belarus in this conflict by numerous analysts, including those published by the [[Institute for the Study of War|ISW]],<ref>{{cite web |title=RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE CAMPAIGN ASSESSMENT, DECEMBER 11 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-december-11 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |date=11 December 2022}}</ref> the [[International Institute for Strategic Studies|IISS]],<ref>{{cite book |title=Armed Conflict Survey 2023 |date=6 December 2023 |publisher=Taylor & Francis, The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) |isbn=978-1-040-01544-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ueznEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Belarus+remains+a+co-belligerent+but+not+a+co-combatant%22&pg=RA3-PT42}}</ref> and [[Centre for Eastern Studies|OSW]].<ref name="z625">{{cite web | title=The reluctant co-aggressor. Minsk's complicity in the war against Ukraine | website=OSW Centre for Eastern Studies | date=10 February 2023 | url=https://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/osw-commentary/2023-02-10/reluctant-co-aggressor-minsks-complicity-war-against-ukraine | access-date=30 September 2025}}</ref> {{Crossreference|See also: [[Belarusian involvement in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)]]}}}}
*{{#invoke:flag||North Korea}}{{efn|{{Crossreference|See: [[North Korean involvement in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)]]}}}}
{{Tree list/end}}
| combatant2 = {{#invoke:flag||Ukraine}}
| commander1 = {{plainlist}}
*{{#invoke:flag|deco|Russia}} [[Vladimir Putin]]
*{{#invoke:flag|deco|Russia}} [[Valery Gerasimov]]
*{{#invoke:flag|deco|Russia}} [[Sergei Shoigu]]
*{{#invoke:flag|deco|Russia}} [[Andrey Belousov]]
{{endplainlist}}
| commander2 = {{plainlist}}
*{{#invoke:flag|deco|Ukraine}} [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]]
*{{#invoke:flag|deco|Ukraine}} [[Mykhailo Drapatyi]]
*{{#invoke:flag|deco|Ukraine}} [[Oleksandr Syrskyi]]
*{{#invoke:flag|deco|Ukraine}} [[Valerii Zaluzhnyi]]
{{endplainlist}}
| units1 = [[Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present) order of battle#Russian forces|Order of battle]]
| units2 = [[Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present) order of battle#Ukrainian forces|Order of battle]]
| strength1 = '''Pre-invasion at border''': 169,000–190,000{{efn|Including military, paramilitary, and 34,000 separatist militias.}}<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=75 тысяч погибших российских солдат 120 смертей в день – вот цена, которую платит Россия за нападение на соседнюю страну. Новое большое исследование "Медузы" и "Медиазоны" о потерях |url=https://meduza.io/feature/2024/02/24/75-tysyach-pogibshih-rossiyskih-soldat |access-date=24 February 2024 |website=Meduza |language=ru |quote=... численность войск на фронте (если при вторжении ее оценивали в 190 тысяч вместе с «народными милициями ДНР и ЛНР», ...}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Bengali |first=Shashank |date=18 February 2022 |title=The U.S. says Russia's troop buildup could be as high as 190,000 in and near Ukraine. |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/02/18/world/ukraine-russia-news |access-date=18 February 2022 |url-access=limited |archive-date=18 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218063637/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/02/18/world/ukraine-russia-news |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="The Military Balance2021">{{#invoke:cite|book|editor1-last=Hackett |editor1-first=James |title=The Military Balance 2021 |date=February 2021 |url={{GBurl|Re4fEAAAQBAJ|}} |publisher=[[International Institute for Strategic Studies]] |location=Abingdon, Oxfordshire |edition=1st |isbn=978-1-03-201227-8 |ol=OL32226712M |oclc=1292198893 |page=68 }}</ref> '''Pre-invasion total''': 900,000 military<ref name="The Military Balance2022_p901">{{#invoke:cite|book|title=The Military Balance 2022 |date=February 2022 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vOFeEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA901 |publisher=[[International Institute for Strategic Studies]] |isbn=978-1-000-62003-0 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> 554,000 paramilitary<ref name="The Military Balance2022_p901"/> '''In February 2023''': 300,000+ active personnel in Ukraine<ref name="ISW May 30">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, May 30, 2023 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-may-30-2023 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |date=31 May 2023 |access-date=31 May 2023}}</ref> '''In June 2024''': 700,000 active personnel in the area<ref name="ISW 14 June 2024">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, June 14, 2024 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-june-14-2024 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>
| strength2 = '''Pre-invasion total''': 196,600 military<ref name="The Military Balance2022_p945">{{#invoke:cite|book|title=The Military Balance 2022 |date=February 2022 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vOFeEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA945 |publisher=[[International Institute for Strategic Studies]] |isbn=978-1-000-62003-0 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> 102,000 paramilitary<ref name="The Military Balance2022_p945"/> '''July 2022 total''': up to 700,000<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20260115201415/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ukraine/#military-and-security Ukraine]", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2023-01-18, retrieved 19 January 2023</ref> '''September 2023 total''': over 800,000<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=17 November 2023 |title=Swimming rivers and faking illness to escape Ukraine's draft |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-67120904 |access-date=17 November 2023}}</ref>
| strength3 =
| casualties3 = Reports vary widely, see [[#Casualties|§ Casualties]] for details.
| below =
}}
{{Campaignbox Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}
{{Campaignbox Russo-Ukrainian war}}
{{Campaignbox Conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union}}
<section end="infobox"/>

On 24 February 2022, {{not a typo|[[Russia]] invaded [[Ukraine]]}}, starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since [[World War II]], in a major escalation of the [[Russo-Ukrainian war|existing war between the two countries]] that began when Russia attacked Ukraine [[Russo-Ukrainian war#History|in 2014]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last1=McFaul |first1=Michael |last2=Person |first2=Robert |editor1-last=Brands |editor1-first=Hal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0n72EAAAQBAJ&dq=On+February+24,+2022,+Russian+president+Vladimir+Putin+launched+a+full-+scale+invasion+of+Ukraine,+expanding+dramatically+the+war+against+Ukraine+he+be+gan+in+2014+and+starting+the+largest+war+in+Europe+since+World+War+II.&pg=PA34 |title=War in Ukraine: Conflict, Strategy, and the Return of a Fractured World |date=2 April 2024 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]] |isbn=978-1-4214-4985-2 |page=34 |language=en |quote=On February 24, 2022, Russian president Vladimir Putin launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, expanding dramatically the war against Ukraine he began in 2014 and starting the largest war in Europe since World War II.}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last=Ramani |first=Samuel |date=13 April 2023 |title=Putin's War on Ukraine: Russia's Campaign for Global Counter-Revolution |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=74ebEAAAQBAJ |publisher=Hurst Publishers |isbn=978-1-80526-003-5 |page=74}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last=D'Anieri |first=Paul |author-link=Paul D'Anieri |date=23 March 2023 |title=Ukraine and Russia: From Civilized Divorce to Uncivil War |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ASysEAAAQBAJ |edition=2nd |location=Cambridge |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-1-009-31550-0 |oclc=1350843759 |pages=i; 98}}</ref> The fighting has caused hundreds of thousands of [[Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War|military casualties]] and tens of thousands of Ukrainian [[Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|civilian casualties]]. {{As of|2026|8|alt=Russian troops
[[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|occupy roughly 20% of Ukraine]].}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Russia-Ukraine War Report Card, Aug. 25, 2026|url=https://www.russiamatters.org/news/russia-ukraine-war-report-card/russia-ukraine-war-report-card-aug-18-2026 |access-date=27 August 2026 |website=Russia Matters}}</ref> From a population of 41 million, about 8 million Ukrainians have been internally displaced<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Ukraine internal displacement report: General population Survey |url=https://crisisresponse.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1481/files/appeal/documents/IOM_UKR_Internal%20Displacement%20Report_GPS%20R19_January%202025.pdf |access-date=4 December 2025 |website=Global Crisis Response Platform}}</ref> and 6–7 million have [[Ukrainian refugee crisis|fled the country]],<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Asadzade |first1=Ulviyya |last2=Sachalko |first2=Borys |title=Ukraine Faces Labor Shortage as Russia's War Empties Factories and Farms |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-war-creates-labor-shortages-in-ukraine/33606226.html |access-date=4 December 2025 |work=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] |date=December 2025}}</ref> creating Europe's [[List of largest refugee crises|largest refugee crisis]] since World War II.

In late 2021, Russia [[Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine|massed troops]] near Ukraine's borders and [[2021 Russian ultimatum to NATO|issued demands]] to [[Western world|the West]], including a ban on Ukraine ever joining [[NATO]]. After repeatedly denying having plans to attack Ukraine, on 24 February 2022, Russian president [[Putin's invasion of Ukraine speech|Vladimir Putin announced]] a "[[special military operation]]," saying it was to support the Russian-backed breakaway [[Donetsk People's Republic|republics of Donetsk]] and [[Luhansk People's Republic|Luhansk]], whose [[Russian separatist forces in Ukraine|paramilitary forces]] had been fighting Ukraine in the [[War in Donbas|Donbas war]] since 2014. Putin espoused [[Russian irredentism|irredentist]] and [[Russian neo-imperialism|imperialist]] views challenging Ukraine's [[Right to exist|legitimacy as a state]]. He [[Disinformation in the Russian invasion of Ukraine#Russian themes|claimed without evidence]] that the Ukrainian government were [[Far-right politics in Ukraine#Russian disinformation|neo-Nazis]] committing [[Allegations of genocide in Donbas|genocide]] against the [[Russians in Ukraine|Russian minority]] in the [[Donbas]] and that Russia's goal was to "demilitarise and denazify" Ukraine.{{efn|Attributed to multiple references:<ref>{{#invoke:cite|journal|last=Marples |first=David R. |date=3 July 2022 |title=Russia's war goals in Ukraine |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00085006.2022.2107837 |journal=Revue Canadienne des Slavistes |volume=64 |issue=2–3 |pages=207–219 |doi=10.1080/00085006.2022.2107837 |issn=0008-5006}}</ref><ref name="The Conversation: Baseless but not unprecedented">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Hinton |first=Alexander |author-link=Alexander Hinton |date=25 February 2022 |title=Putin's claims that Ukraine is committing genocide are baseless, but not unprecedented |url=https://theconversation.com/putins-claims-that-ukraine-is-committing-genocide-are-baseless-but-not-unprecedented-177511 |access-date=15 December 2024 |publisher=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250518011039/https://theconversation.com/putins-claims-that-ukraine-is-committing-genocide-are-baseless-but-not-unprecedented-177511 |archive-date=18 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|author=Al Jazeera Staff |title='No other option': Excerpts of Putin's speech declaring war |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/24/putins-speech-declaring-war-on-ukraine-translated-excerpts |access-date=15 December 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250406034718/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/24/putins-speech-declaring-war-on-ukraine-translated-excerpts |archive-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=melvin |first=Neil |title=Nationalist and Imperial Thinking Define Putin's Vision for Russia |url=https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/nationalist-and-imperial-thinking-define-putins-vision-russia |access-date=15 December 2024 |website=[[Royal United Services Institute]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250525092801/https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/nationalist-and-imperial-thinking-define-putins-vision-russia |archive-date=25 May 2025}}</ref><ref name="i505">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine war: President Putin speech fact-checked |work=[[BBC News]] |date=21 February 2023 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/64718139 |access-date=3 August 2025}}</ref>}} Russian air strikes and a ground [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|invasion]] were launched on a [[Northern Ukraine campaign|northern front]] from [[Belarus]] towards the capital, [[Kyiv]]; a [[Southern Ukraine campaign|southern front]] from [[2014 Russian annexation of Crimea|occupied Crimea]]; and an [[Eastern Ukraine campaign|eastern front]] from the Donbas towards [[Kharkiv]]. Ukraine enacted [[Martial law in Ukraine|martial law]], ordered [[Mobilization in Ukraine|a general mobilisation]], and severed diplomatic [[Russia–Ukraine relations|relations with Russia]].

Russian troops retreated from the north and the outskirts of Kyiv by April 2022, after encountering stiff resistance and logistical challenges. The [[Bucha massacre]] was uncovered after their withdrawal. Russia launched an [[Battle of Donbas (2022)|offensive in the Donbas]] and captured [[Mariupol]] after [[Siege of Mariupol|a destructive siege]]. Russia continued to bomb military and civilian targets far from the front and [[Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)|struck Ukraine's energy grid]] during winter months. In late 2022, Ukraine launched successful counteroffensives in [[2022 Kherson counteroffensive|the south]] and [[2022 Kharkiv counteroffensive|east]], liberating most of [[Kharkiv Oblast]]. Soon after, Russia illegally [[Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts|annexed four partly occupied provinces]]. In November, Ukraine [[Liberation of Kherson|liberated the city of Kherson]] and all [[Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast|land west of the Dnipro River]]. After small but steady Russian advances in the east in the first half of 2024, Ukraine launched a cross-border [[Kursk campaign|offensive into Russia's Kursk Oblast]] in August, where [[North Korea]]n soldiers were sent to help Russia.

The [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights|United Nations Human Rights Office]] reports that Russia is committing severe [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine#Violations and war crimes|human rights violations]] in occupied Ukraine. Russia's [[Russian attacks on civilians in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|attacks on civilians]], as well as its policies in occupied territories, have led to [[Allegations of genocide of Ukrainians in the Russo-Ukrainian War|allegations of genocide]].{{efn|Attributed to multiple references:<ref name="Etkind"/><ref name="h710">{{#invoke:cite|magazine|last=McGlynn |first=Jade |title=Russia Is Committing Cultural Genocide in Ukraine |magazine=[[Foreign Policy]] |date=23 April 2024 |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/04/23/russia-ukraine-cultural-genocide-looting-indoctrination-deporatation/ |access-date=4 July 2024}}</ref><ref name="q611">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Stavljanin |first=Dragan |title=Genocide Scholar: 'I Do Think that Russia's Violence in Ukraine is Genocidal' |website=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] |date=2 April 2024 |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-genocide-ukraine-scholar-war-crimes-prosecution-hague/32888386.html |access-date=4 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250622040322/https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-genocide-ukraine-scholar-war-crimes-prosecution-hague/32888386.html |archive-date=22 June 2025}}</ref><ref name="v008"/>}} The direct cost of the war for Russia has been estimated as over US$450 billion, while the [[World Bank Group]] estimates the cost of reconstruction in Ukraine at US$588 billion.

The Russian invasion was met with [[Reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine|international condemnation]]. Many countries imposed [[International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine|sanctions]] on Russia and its ally Belarus while providing [[List of humanitarian aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War|humanitarian]] and [[List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War|military aid]] to Ukraine. [[Protests against the Russian invasion of Ukraine|Protests occurred]] around the world. Within its borders, Russia met [[2022 anti-war protests in Russia|anti-war protesters]] with mass arrests and [[Censorship in Russia|greater media censorship]]. War-related disruption to Ukrainian agriculture and shipping worsened the [[2022–2023 global food crises|world food crisis]]; war-related environmental damage was described as [[Ecocide#Russian invasion of Ukraine|ecocide]]. The [[International Criminal Court]] (ICC) opened [[International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine|an investigation]] into [[crimes against humanity]], [[War crimes in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|war crimes]], [[Child abductions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|abduction of Ukrainian children]], and genocide against Ukrainians. The ICC issued [[International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Russian leaders|arrest warrants for Putin]] and five other Russian officials. [[Peace negotiations in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|Peace negotiations]] have stalled, and Russia has repeatedly refused calls for a ceasefire.

{{TOC limit}}

== Background ==
{{further|Russo-Ukrainian war|Russia–Ukraine relations}}

=== Post-Soviet relations ===
[[File:Presidents after signing the Trilateral Statement, Moscow, 1994.png|thumb|right|US president [[Bill Clinton|Clinton]], Russian president [[Boris Yeltsin|Yeltsin]], and Ukrainian president [[Leonid Kravchuk|Kravchuk]] after signing the [[Budapest Memorandum|Trilateral Statement]] (1994). Russia and the US agreed to uphold Ukraine's independence and territorial integrity in return for Ukraine giving up its nuclear weapons.]]
After the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]] in 1991, Russia and Ukraine maintained cordial relations. In return for security guarantees, Ukraine signed the [[Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons|Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty]] in 1994 and gave up its [[Ukraine and weapons of mass destruction|nuclear weapons]].<ref>
{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Budjeryn |first=Mariana |title=Issue Brief #3: The Breach: Ukraine's Territorial Integrity and the Budapest Memorandum |url=https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/publication/Issue%20Brief%20No%203--The%20Breach--Final4.pdf |access-date=6 March 2022 |publisher=[[Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513084856/https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/publication/Issue%20Brief%20No%203--The%20Breach--Final4.pdf |archive-date=13 May 2025}}</ref> Russia, the US, and the UK agreed in the [[Budapest Memorandum]] to respect Ukraine's sovereignty and borders.<ref>
{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Vasylenko |first=Volodymyr |date=15 December 2009 |title=On assurances without guarantees in a 'shelved document' |work=The Day |url=https://www.day.kiev.ua/en/article/close/assurances-without-guarantees-shelved-document |access-date=7 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224163240/http://day.kyiv.ua/en/article/close/assurances-without-guarantees-shelved-document |archive-date=24 February 2021}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|last=Harahan |first=Joseph P. |year=2014 |title=With Courage and Persistence: Eliminating and Securing Weapons of Mass Destruction with the Nunn-Luger Cooperative Threat Reduction Programs |url=https://www.dtra.mil/Portals/61/Documents/History/With%20Courage%20and%20Persistence%20CTR.pdf?ver=2016-05-09-102902-893 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228153820/https://www.dtra.mil/Portals/61/Documents/History/With%20Courage%20and%20Persistence%20CTR.pdf?ver=2016-05-09-102902-893 |archive-date=28 February 2022 |access-date=7 March 2022 |website=DTRA History Series |publisher=Defense Threat Reduction Agency |asin=B01LYEJ56H}}</ref> In 1999, Russia signed the [[Charter for European Security]], affirming that every country had the right "to choose or change its security arrangements" and to join military alliances.<ref>
{{#invoke:cite|web|date=19 November 1999 |title=Istanbul Document 1999 |url=https://www.osce.org/node/39569 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140601124042/https://www.osce.org/node/39569 |archive-date=1 June 2014 |access-date=21 July 2015 |publisher=[[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]] |page=[https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/6/5/39569.pdf#page=10 3] (PDF)}}</ref> In 2005, Putin said that if Ukraine wanted to join NATO, "we will respect their choice".<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/transcripts/22952|title=Interview with French Television Company France 3|date=7 May 2005|website=President of Russia}}</ref>

=== Ukrainian revolution ===
{{Main|Revolution of Dignity}}

[[File:Euromaidan 19 January 3.jpg|thumb|left|Protesters at a rally on Independence Square, 19 January 2014]]
In 2013, [[Verkhovna Rada|Ukraine's parliament]] approved finalising the [[European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Parliament passes statement on Ukraine's aspirations for European integration |url=https://www.kyivpost.com/article/content/ukraine-politics/parliament-passes-statement-on-ukraines-aspirations-for-european-integration-320792.html |author1=Interfax-Ukraine |work=[[Kyiv Post]] |date=22 February 2013 }}</ref>
The [[Russia under Vladimir Putin|Putin regime]] put pressure on Ukraine to reject the agreement and [[Russian embargo of Ukrainian goods|imposed economic sanctions]] on the country.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|editor1-last=Dinan |editor1-first=Desmond |editor2-last=Nugent |editor2-first=Neil |title=The European Union in Crisis |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |pages=3, 274}}</ref> Kremlin adviser [[Sergei Glazyev]] warned in September 2013 that if Ukraine signed the EU agreement, Russia would no longer acknowledge [[Geography of Ukraine|Ukraine's borders]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Walker |first=Shaun |date=22 September 2013 |title=Ukraine's EU trade deal will be catastrophic, says Russia |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/22/ukraine-european-union-trade-russia |access-date=12 September 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}
* {{#invoke:cite|book|title=The European Union in Crisis |publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]] |editor1-last=Dinan |editor1-first=Desmond |pages=3, 274 |editor2-last=Nugent |editor2-first=Neil}}</ref>

In November, Ukrainian president [[Viktor Yanukovych|Yanukovych]] suddenly withdrew from signing the agreement,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/21/ukraine-suspends-preparations-eu-trade-pact |title=Ukraine suspends talks on EU trade pact as Putin wins tug of war: Ukraine was due to sign accord at summit next week but MPs reject key bills, especially on freeing Yulia Tymoshenko from jail |first1=Ian |last1=Traynor |first2=Oksana |last2=Grytsenko |date=21 November 2013 |work=[[The Guardian]] }}</ref> choosing closer ties to Russia instead. This coerced withdrawal sparked massive protests known as [[Euromaidan]], culminating in the [[Revolution of Dignity]] in February 2014. Almost [[Maidan casualties|100 protesters were killed]] by state forces, most of them shot by police [[sniper]]s. Despite signing [[Agreement on settlement of political crisis in Ukraine|an agreement]], Yanukovych secretly fled to Russia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-02-27 |title=Russia 'grants Ukraine's Viktor Yanukovych protection' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-26367722 |access-date=2026-07-02 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Verkhovna Rada|Ukraine's parliament]] then [[Viktor Yanukovych#Removal from presidency|voted to remove him]] and hold [[2014 Ukrainian presidential election|new elections]],<ref name="b713">{{#invoke:cite|web| title=Ukrainian MPs vote to oust President Yanukovych | website=[[BBC News]] | date=22 February 2014 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26304842 | access-date=26 June 2025}}</ref> which elected [[Petro Poroshenko]] as [[President of Ukraine]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-07 |title=Poroshenko sworn in as Ukrainian president |url=https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/208367.html |access-date=2026-07-02 |website=Interfax-Ukraine |language=en}}</ref>

=== Russian invasion of Crimea and Donbas ===
{{main|2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine|2014 Russian annexation of Crimea|War in Donbas}}

[[File:2014 Russo-ukrainian-conflict map.svg|thumb|Map of Russian-controlled territory in Ukraine, September 2014]]
On 27 February 2014, [[Little green men (Russo-Ukrainian War)|Russian soldiers with no insignia]] began to [[Russian occupation of Crimea|occupy]] the Ukrainian territory of Crimea,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/27/crimean-parliament-seized-by-unknown-pro-russian-gunmen |title=Crimean parliament seized by unknown pro-Russian gunmen: Gunmen storm Crimea's regional administrative complex in Simferopol and hoist Russian flag above parliament building |first1=Harriet |last1=Salem |first2=Shaun |last2=Walker |first3=Luke |last3=Harding |date=27 February 2014 |work=[[The Guardian]] }}</ref> blockading Ukrainian military bases.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukrainian forces withdraw from Crimea |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-26713727 |access-date=9 April 2025 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=24 March 2014 }}</ref> In March, Russia [[Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation|annexed Crimea]] following an [[2014 Crimean status referendum|illegitimate referendum]] held under occupation. It was the first time since World War II that a European country had annexed part of another,<ref>{{cite web |title=Ukraine: Conflict at the Crossroads of Europe and Russia |url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounders/ukraine-conflict-crossroads-europe-and-russia |website=[[Council on Foreign Relations]] |date=5 February 2020}}</ref> and several scholars likened it to Nazi Germany's [[Anschluss|annexation of Austria]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last=Plokhy |first=Serhii |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e3eoEAAAQBAJ&dq=annexation+of+the+peninsula+to+Hitler%E2%80%99s+Anschluss+of+Austria+in+1938&pg=PT64 |title=The Russo-Ukrainian War: The Return of History |date=9 May 2023 |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]] |isbn=978-1-324-05120-6 |quote=... In an article published on the eve of the referendum, the historian Andrei Zubov, a professor at the elite Moscow Institute of International Relations, compared the planned annexation of the peninsula to Hitler's Anschluss of Austria in 1938. He drew parallels between Hitler's vision of Greater Germany and Russia's reunification rhetoric, pointed out that both acts were justified to the public by the need to protect allegedly persecuted minorities, German (in Czechoslovakia) in the first case and Russian in the second, and mentioned the staged referendum as a sham to provide legal cover for the forcible annexation. ...}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|journal|last=Žalimas |first=Dainius |date=14 March 2017 |title=Lessons of World War II and the Annexation of Crimea |url=https://ojs.mruni.eu/ojs/international-comparative-jurisprudence/article/view/4559 |journal=International Comparative Jurisprudence |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=25–36 |doi=10.13165/j.icj.2017.03.003 |issn=2351-6674 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="z259">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Gouré |first=Daniel |title=Putin's Anschluss |website=[[Lexington Institute]] |date=3 March 2014 |url=https://lexingtoninstitute.org/putins-anschluss/ |access-date=13 October 2025}}</ref> The [[UN General Assembly]] adopted [[United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262|a resolution]] affirming the "territorial integrity of Ukraine" and rejecting the annexation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/a_res_68_262.pdf|title=United Nations A/RES/68/262 General Assembly|date=1 April 2014|publisher=United Nations}}</ref> NATO also suspended [[Russia–NATO relations|cooperation with Russia]].<ref name="end coop">{{cite web |title=Ukraine Crisis: NATO Suspends Russia Co-operation |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-26838894 |publisher=BBC News, UK |date=2 April 2014 |access-date=2 April 2014}}</ref> Putin [[Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin|said]] Crimea should never have been part of an independent Ukraine and claimed that Russia did not want to take any other regions of Ukraine.<ref>{{cite news |title=Crimea crisis: Russian President Putin's speech annotated |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-26652058 |work=BBC News |date=19 March 2014}}</ref>

[[2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine|Pro-Russian protests]] followed in the Ukrainian cities of [[Donetsk]] and [[Luhansk]], covertly funded and organised by Russia.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Umland |first1=Andreas |title=The Glazyev Tapes: Getting to the root of the conflict in Ukraine |url=https://ecfr.eu/article/commentary_the_glazyev_tapes_getting_to_the_root_of_the_conflict_in_7165/ |website=[[European Council on Foreign Relations]] |date=1 November 2016}}</ref> In April 2014, armed [[Russian separatist forces in Donbas|Russian paramilitaries]] seized [[Sloviansk]] and other settlements, proclaiming the independent [[Donetsk People's Republic]] (DPR) and [[Luhansk People's Republic]] (LPR). Their commander, [[Igor Girkin]], acknowledged that this sparked the [[War in Donbas]], as Ukraine soon launched an operation to retake the territory.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russia's Igor Strelkov: I Am Responsible for War in Eastern Ukraine |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2014/11/21/russias-igor-strelkov-i-am-responsible-for-war-in-eastern-ukraine-a41598 |work=[[The Moscow Times]] |date=21 November 2014 |access-date=11 December 2020 |archive-date=23 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223204015/https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2014/11/21/russias-igor-strelkov-i-am-responsible-for-war-in-eastern-ukraine-a41598 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Unnamed War Sloviansk">{{#invoke:cite|book|title=Ukraine's Unnamed War |date=2023 |pages=138–140 |editor-last=Arel |editor-first=Dominique |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |editor2-last=Driscoll |editor2-first=Jesse}}</ref><ref name="AJ">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Ragozin |first=Leonid |date=16 March 2019 |title=Annexation of Crimea: A masterclass in political manipulation |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2019/3/16/annexation-of-crimea-a-masterclass-in-political-manipulation |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107230534/https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2019/3/16/annexation-of-crimea-a-masterclass-in-political-manipulation/ |archive-date=7 November 2020}}</ref> Russia covertly supported the separatists with troops, tanks and artillery.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=23 October 2014 |title=Exclusive: Charred tanks in Ukraine point to Russian involvement |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-tanks-exclusive-idUSKCN0IC1GE20141023 |url-status=live |access-date=28 February 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220301/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-tanks-exclusive-idUSKCN0IC1GE20141023 |archive-date=1 March 2022}}
*{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Walker |first1=Shaun |last2=Grytsenko |first2=Oksana |last3=Ragozin |first3=Leonid |date=3 September 2014 |title=Russian soldier: 'You're better clueless because the truth is horrible' |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/03/ukraine-soldier-youre-better-clueless-because-truth-horrible-moscow-ilovaysk |url-status=live |access-date=28 February 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220301/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/03/ukraine-soldier-youre-better-clueless-because-truth-horrible-moscow-ilovaysk |archive-date=1 March 2022 |issn=1756-3224 |oclc=60623878}}</ref> The [[International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine|International Criminal Court]] judged that the war was a national and international armed conflict involving Russia,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Report on Preliminary Examination Activities (2016) |url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/iccdocs/otp/161114-otp-rep-PE_ENG.pdf |publisher=[[International Criminal Court]] |pages=33–38 |date=14 November 2016 }}</ref> and the [[European Court of Human Rights]] judged that Russia controlled the DPR and LPR from 2014 onward.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Eastern Ukraine and flight MH17 case declared partly admissible |url=https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/app/conversion/pdf/?library=ECHR&id=003-7550165-10372782&filename=Grand%20Chamber%20decision%20Ukraine%20and%20the%20Netherlands%20v.%20Russia%20-%20Flight%20MH17%20and%20eastern-Ukraine-conflict%20case%20partially%20admissible,%20will%20proceed%20to%20judgment.pdf |publisher=[[European Court of Human Rights]] |date=25 January 2023 }}</ref> Ukraine's parliament declared the Donbas region to be occupied by Russia.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine declares Russian 'occupation' in eastern region |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/1/18/ukraine-declares-russian-occupation-in-eastern-region |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |date=18 January 2018 }}</ref>

The annexation of Crimea and the Donbas war sparked a wave of [[Russian nationalism]]. Analyst [[Vladimir Socor]] called Putin's [[Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin|2014 speech]] following the annexation a "manifesto of [[Russian irredentism|Greater Russia irredentism]]."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Socor |first=Vladimir |author-link=Vladimir Socor |date=24 March 2014 |title=Putin's Crimea Speech: A Manifesto of Greater-Russia Irredentism |volume=11 |publisher=[[Eurasia Daily Monitor]] |issue=56 |url=https://jamestown.org/program/putins-crimea-speech-a-manifesto-of-greater-russia-irredentism/ }}</ref> Putin began referring to "[[Novorossiya]]" (New Russia), a former Russian imperial territory that covered much of southern Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last1=Kimmage |first1=Michael |title=Collisions: The Origins of the War in Ukraine and the New Global Instability |date=2024 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |page=129}}</ref> Russian-backed forces were influenced by [[Russian neo-imperialism]]<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine: Are 2014 pro-Russia rebels fighting 1920s war? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-28532392 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=28 July 2014 }}</ref> and sought to create a [[Novorossiya (confederation)|new Novorossiya]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|journal|last1=O'Loughlin |first1=John |title=The rise and fall of "Novorossiya": examining support for a separatist geopolitical imaginary in southeast Ukraine |journal=[[Post-Soviet Affairs]] |date=2017 |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=124–144 |doi=10.1080/1060586X.2016.1146452 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1060586X.2016.1146452|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

[[File:Normandy format (2019-10-09) 03.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Normandy Format]] meeting in December 2019 was the only meeting between Zelenskyy and Putin.<ref name="i407">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Zelenskyy on meeting Putin in 2019: We talked and bargained a lot |website=Ukrainska Pravda |date=25 February 2024 |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/02/25/7443642/ |access-date=15 July 2024 }}</ref>]]

When the conflict began in 2014, Ukraine was officially [[neutral country|neutral]]<ref name="Atlantic Council: Ukrainian neutrality">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Blank |first1=Stephen |title=Ukrainian neutrality would not appease Putin or prevent further Russian aggression |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/ukrainian-neutrality-would-not-appease-putin-or-prevent-further-russian-aggression/ |publisher=[[Atlantic Council]] |date=28 January 2022 |access-date=8 March 2024 |archive-date=8 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308150443/https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/ukrainian-neutrality-would-not-appease-putin-or-prevent-further-russian-aggression/ |url-status=live}}</ref> and said it was not seeking NATO membership.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Deschytsia states new government of Ukraine has no intention to join NATO |url=https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/198372.html |work=[[Interfax-Ukraine]] |date=29 March 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=New Ukraine president Petro Poroshenko vows to stop war |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/26/new-ukraine-president-petro-poroshenko-vows-stop-war |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=26 May 2014 }}</ref> Following Russia's occupation of Crimea and [[War in Donbas#August 2014 invasion by Russian forces|invasion of the Donbas]], Ukraine's parliament voted in December 2014 to revoke the country's neutral status and seek [[Ukraine–NATO relations|NATO membership]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-parliament-abandons-neutrality/26758725.html |title=Ukraine Votes To Abandon Neutrality |newspaper=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] |date=23 December 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/odr/nato-ukraine-neutrality-russia-zelenskyi/ |title=How NATO can ease Ukraine's path to neutrality |website=[[openDemocracy]] |date=23 March 2022 }}</ref>

The [[Minsk agreements]] (September 2014 and February 2015) aimed to resolve the Donbas War, but ceasefires and further negotiations failed.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=29 July 2020 |title=Ukraine ceasefire violated more than 100 times within days: OSCE |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/7/29/ukraine-ceasefire-violated-more-than-100-times-within-days-osce |url-status=live |access-date=28 February 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220301/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/7/29/ukraine-ceasefire-violated-more-than-100-times-within-days-osce |archive-date=1 March 2022}}</ref> The [[Western world|West]]'s weak response to Russian actions led Putin to believe the West would not react strongly to the 2022 invasion.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last=Brands |first=Hal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WxP-EAAAQBAJ&dq=Russia%E2%80%99s+invasion+of+Georgia+in+2008+and+Ukraine+in+2014+provided+ample+evidence&pg=PA39 |title=War in Ukraine: Conflict, Strategy, and the Return of a Fractured World |date=2 April 2024 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-1-4214-4984-5 |page=39 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last1=Kuzio |first1=Taras |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M6dK0AEACAAJ |title=Fascism and Genocide: Russia's War Against Ukrainians |last2=Jajecznyk-Kelman |first2=Stefan |date=2023 |publisher=ibidem |isbn=978-3-8382-7791-2 |page=237 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last=Brands |first=Hal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WxP-EAAAQBAJ&dq=on+Kyiv,+the+West+never+gave+Putin+much+reason+to+believe+he+would+suffer&pg=PA5 |title=War in Ukraine: Conflict, Strategy, and the Return of a Fractured World |date=2 April 2024 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-1-4214-4984-5 |page=5 |language=en}}</ref> Several political scientists said this encouraged further Russian aggression.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last=Ramani |first=Samuel |date=13 April 2023 |title=Putin's War on Ukraine: Russia's Campaign for Global Counter-Revolution |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=74ebEAAAQBAJ |publisher=Hurst Publishers |isbn=978-1-80526-003-5 |page=11}}</ref><ref name="u485">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Hall |first=Stephen |title=Ukraine war: how the west's weak reaction to Crimea's referendum paved the way for a wider invasion |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |date=18 January 2024 |url=https://theconversation.com/ukraine-war-how-the-wests-weak-reaction-to-crimeas-referendum-paved-the-way-for-a-wider-invasion-201269 |access-date=25 March 2025 }}</ref><ref name="o290">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Kazdobina |first1=Julia |last2=Hedenskog |first2=Jakob |last3=Umland |first3=Andreas |title=How the West Misunderstood Moscow in Ukraine |website=[[Foreign Policy]] |date=17 July 2024 |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/07/17/ukraine-russia-war-2014-donbas-crimea-west/ |access-date=25 March 2025 }}</ref>

== Prelude ==
{{Main|Prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine}}

{{Further|Russian opposition to Ukrainian NATO membership|Disinformation in the Russian invasion of Ukraine}}

=== Russian military buildup and demands ===
[[File:Russian forces near Ukraine, 2021-12-03 (crop).jpg|thumb|Russian military build-up around Ukraine as of 3 December 2021]]
There was a Russian military build-up near Ukraine's borders in March and April 2021,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.wilsoncenter.org/article/russian-military-buildup-ukraines-border-expert-analysis |title=The Russian Military Buildup on Ukraine's Border: An Expert Analysis |first1=Peter B. |last1=Zwack |first2=Victor |last2=Andrusiv |first3=Oksana |last3=Antonenko |date=15 April 2021 |publisher=[[Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars|Wilson Center]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/04/22/europe/russia-military-ukraine-border-exercises-intl/index.html |title=Russia pulls back troops after massive buildup near Ukraine border |first1=Zahra |last1=Ullah |first2=Anna |last2=Chernova |first3=Eliza |last3=Mackintosh |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=23 April 2021}}</ref> and again in both Russia and Belarus from October 2021 onward.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Harris |first1=Shane |last2=Sonne |first2=Paul |date=3 December 2021 |title=Russia planning massive military offensive against Ukraine involving 175,000 troops, U.S. intelligence warns |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/russia-ukraine-invasion/2021/12/03/98a3760e-546b-11ec-8769-2f4ecdf7a2ad_story.html |access-date=23 February 2023|name-list-style=and}}
*{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Schogol |first=Jeff |date=22 February 2022 |title=Here's what those mysterious white 'Z' markings on Russian military equipment may mean |url=https://taskandpurpose.com/analysis/russian-military-equipment-white-markings/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220227/https://taskandpurpose.com/analysis/russian-military-equipment-white-markings/ |archive-date=27 February 2022 |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=[[Task & Purpose]] |publisher=North Equity |quote=[B]ottom line is the 'Z' markings (and others like it) are a deconfliction measure to help prevent friendly fire incidents.}}</ref> Russia said it was only holding [[military exercise]]s. Members of its government, including Putin, repeatedly denied having plans to invade Ukraine, issuing denials up until the day before the invasion.<ref name="denials">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Taylor |first=Adam |others=Photograph by [[Evgeniy Maloletka]] ([[Associated Press]]) |date=24 February 2022 |title=Russia's attack on Ukraine came after months of denials it would attack |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/24/ukraine-russia-denials/ |url-access=limited |access-date=26 February 2022 |quote=On Sunday ... "There is no invasion. There is no such plans," Antonov said.}}</ref><ref name="Deny">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Farley |first1=Robert |last2=Kiely |first2=Eugene |date=24 February 2022 |title=Russian Rhetoric Ahead of Attack 66 Ukraine: Deny, Deflect, Mislead |work=[[FactCheck.org]] |publisher=[[Annenberg Public Policy Center]] |url=https://www.factcheck.org/2022/02/russian-rhetoric-ahead-of-attack-against-ukraine-deny-deflect-mislead/ |url-status=live |access-date=26 February 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220227/https://www.factcheck.org/2022/02/russian-rhetoric-ahead-of-attack-against-ukraine-deny-deflect-mislead/ |archive-date=27 February 2022 |quote=Nov. 28 – ... 'Russia has never hatched, is not hatching and will never hatch any plans to attack anyone,' Peskov said. ... 19 Jan – ... Ryabkov ... 'We do not want and will not take any action of aggressive character. We will not attack, strike, invade, quote unquote, whatever Ukraine.'}}</ref><ref name="Czech">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Fořtová |first=Klára |date=8 March 2022 |title=Velvyslanec Ukrajiny v Česku denně promlouvá, ruský mlčí a je 'neviditelný' |language=cs |trans-title=Ukraine's ambassador to the Czech Republic speaks daily, the Russian is silent and 'invisible' |work=[[Mladá fronta DNES]] |url=https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/jevhen-perebyjnis-alexandr-zmejevskij-velvyslanec-rusko-ukrajina.A220307_095550_domaci_klf |url-status=live |access-date=10 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308092951/https://www.idnes.cz/zpravy/domaci/jevhen-perebyjnis-alexandr-zmejevskij-velvyslanec-rusko-ukrajina.A220307_095550_domaci_klf |archive-date=8 March 2022 |quote=Zmejevský{{nbsp}}... 'Důrazně jsme odmítli jako nepodložená obvinění Ruska z přípravy, agrese vůči Ukrajině a fámy o vstupu ruských jednotek na ukrajinské území,' stojí v něm. |trans-quote=Zmeevsky{{nbsp}}... 'We emphatically dismissed Russia's allegations of preparation, aggression against Ukraine and rumours of Russian troops entering Ukrainian territory,' he said.}}</ref>

[[Russian separatist forces in Ukraine|Russia's proxy forces]] launched thousands of attacks on Ukrainian troops in the Donbas.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Ongoing Violations of International Law and Defiance of OSCE Principles and Commitments by the Russian Federation in Ukraine |url=https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/2/0/488998.pdf |publisher=United States Mission to the [[OSCE]] |access-date=6 March 2025 |date=20 May 2021}}</ref> [[OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine|Observers]] from the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]] (OSCE) reported more than 90,000 ceasefire violations throughout 2021, most in Russian-controlled territory.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=2021 trends and observations |publisher=[[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]] |url=https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/2/a/511327.pdf |access-date=6 March 2025 |date=2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250529002311/https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/2/a/511327.pdf |archive-date=29 May 2025}}</ref>

In July 2021, Putin published "[[On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians]]," in which he called Ukraine "historically Russian lands" and claimed there is "no historical basis" for the "idea of Ukrainian people as a nation separate from the Russians."<ref name="Duben">{{#invoke:cite|journal|last1=Düben |first1=Björn Alexander |title=Revising History and 'Gathering the Russian Lands': Vladimir Putin and Ukrainian Nationhood |journal=LSE Public Policy Review |date=8 September 2023 |volume=3 |issue=1 |article-number=4 |doi=10.31389/lseppr.86 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Putin |first=Vladimir |author-link=Vladimir Putin |date=12 July 2021 |title=Article by Vladimir Putin 'On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians' |url=https://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/66181 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125053520/https://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/66181 |archive-date=25 January 2022 |access-date=1 February 2022 |website=[[The Kremlin]] |publisher=[[Government of Russia]]}}</ref>{{anchor|putinsEssay}} Putin was accused of promoting [[Russian imperialism]], historical revisionism, and disinformation.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Roth |first=Andrew |date=7 December 2021 |title=Putin's Ukraine rhetoric driven by distorted view of neighbor |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/07/putins-ukraine-rhetoric-driven-by-distorted-view-of-neighbour |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207180813/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/07/putins-ukraine-rhetoric-driven-by-distorted-view-of-neighbour |archive-date=7 December 2021 |access-date=25 January 2021 |website=[[The Guardian]] |quote=fear has gone hand-in-hand with chauvinistic bluster that indicates Moscow has a distorted view of modern Ukraine and the goals it wants to achieve there.}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|last=Lucas |first=Edward |date=15 September 2020 |title=Why Putin's history essay requires a rewrite |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/why-putins-history-essay-requires-a-rewrite-6nzjzbqjb |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125143913/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/why-putins-history-essay-requires-a-rewrite-6nzjzbqjb |archive-date=25 January 2022 |access-date=25 September 2023 |website=[[The Times]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Dickinson |first1=Peter |last2=Haring |first2=Melinda |last3=Lubkivsky |first3=Danylo |last4=Motyl |first4=Alexander |last5=Whitmore |first5=Brian |last6=Goncharenko |first6=Oleksiy |last7=Fedchenko |first7=Yevhen |last8=Bonner |first8=Brian |last9=Kuzio |first9=Taras |date=15 July 2021 |title=Putin's new Ukraine essay reveals imperial ambitions |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/putins-new-ukraine-essay-reflects-imperial-ambitions/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210715191212/https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/putins-new-ukraine-essay-reflects-imperial-ambitions/ |archive-date=15 July 2021 |access-date=25 September 2023 |publisher=[[Atlantic Council]] |quote=Vladimir Putin's inaccurate and distorted claims are neither new nor surprising. They are just the latest example of gaslighting by the Kremlin leader.}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|last=Wilson |first=Andrew |date=23 December 2021 |title=Russia and Ukraine: 'One People' as Putin Claims? |url=https://rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/russia-and-ukraine-one-people-putin-claims |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124130721/https://rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/russia-and-ukraine-one-people-putin-claims/ |archive-date=24 January 2022 |access-date=25 January 2022 |publisher=[[Royal United Services Institute]] |quote=Putin's key trope is that Ukrainians and Russians are 'one people', and he calls them both 'Russian'. He starts with a myth of common origin: 'Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians are all descendants of Ancient Rus', which was the largest state in Europe' from the 9th to 13th centuries AD.}}</ref>

[[File:Deputy Secretary Sherman Meets With the NATO-Russia Council (51815888987).jpg|thumb|Meeting of the [[NATO-Russia Council]] on 12 January 2022]]

The [[December 2021 Russian ultimatum to NATO]] included demands that NATO end all activity in its Eastern European member states and ban Ukraine or any [[Post-Soviet states|former Soviet state]] from ever joining the alliance.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Putin warns Russia will act if NATO crosses its red lines in Ukraine |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/stocks/putin-warns-russia-will-act-if-nato-crosses-its-red-lines-ukraine-2021-11-30/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241216001315/https://www.reuters.com/markets/stocks/putin-warns-russia-will-act-if-nato-crosses-its-red-lines-ukraine-2021-11-30/ |archive-date=16 December 2024 |access-date=29 November 2025 |work=Reuters |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="v440">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Roth |first=Andrew |title=Russia issues list of demands it says must be met to lower tensions in Europe |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=17 December 2021 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/17/russia-issues-list-demands-tensions-europe-ukraine-nato |access-date=5 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250618172507/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/17/russia-issues-list-demands-tensions-europe-ukraine-nato |archive-date=18 June 2025}}</ref><ref name="Reuters 17 Dec 21">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Tétrault-Farber |first1=Gabrielle |last2=Balmforth |first2=Tom |date=17 December 2021 |title=Russia demands NATO roll back from East Europe and stay out of Ukraine |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-unveils-security-guarantees-says-western-response-not-encouraging-2021-12-17/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222081106/https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-unveils-security-guarantees-says-western-response-not-encouraging-2021-12-17/ |archive-date=22 February 2022}}</ref><ref name="FG"/> Russia's government said NATO was a threat and warned of a military response if it followed an "aggressive line."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=MacKinnon |first=Mark |date=21 December 2021 |title=Putin warns of unspecified military response if U.S. and NATO continue 'aggressive line' |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-putin-warns-of-unspecified-military-response-if-us-and-nato-continue/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115165246/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-putin-warns-of-unspecified-military-response-if-us-and-nato-continue/ |archive-date=15 January 2022}}</ref> A US official said the US was willing to discuss the proposals, but there were some that "the Russians know are unacceptable" and had already been ruled out.<ref name="Reuters 17 Dec 21"/> NATO Secretary General [[Jens Stoltenberg]] replied that "Russia has no veto" on whether Ukraine joins and "has no right to establish a [[sphere of influence]] to try to control their neighbours."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=1 December 2021 |title=NATO chief: "Russia has no right to establish a sphere of influence" |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |url=https://www.axios.com/nato-russia-ukraine-invasion-18619fd7-be80-4d37-86f8-fcebcb1fbe8a.html |url-status=live |access-date=17 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214172403/https://www.axios.com/nato-russia-ukraine-invasion-18619fd7-be80-4d37-86f8-fcebcb1fbe8a.html |archive-date=14 February 2022}}</ref> NATO underlined that it is a [[Collective security|defensive alliance]] and had [[Russia-NATO relations|co-operated with Russia]] until the Crimea annexation.<ref name="NATO myths">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=NATO-Russia: Setting the record straight |url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/115204.htm |access-date=16 May 2023 |publisher=[[NATO]]}}</ref>

Several Western political analysts suggested that Russia knew its "unrealistic demands" would be rejected,<ref name="Reuters 17 Dec 21"/> giving it a [[pretext]] to invade.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Pifer |first1=Steven |title=Russia's draft agreements with NATO and the United States: Intended for rejection? |url=https://www.brookings.edu/articles/russias-draft-agreements-with-nato-and-the-united-states-intended-for-rejection/ |website=[[Brookings Institution]] |date=21 December 2021}}</ref> No countries bordering Russia had joined NATO since 2004. Ukraine had not yet applied, and some NATO states would likely veto its membership.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Coyer |first=Cassandre |date=25 February 2022 |title=Why is Ukraine not in NATO and is it too late to join? Here's what experts, NATO say |work=[[The Miami Herald]] |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/article258774458.html |url-status=live |access-date=28 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329021337/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/article258774458.html |archive-date=29 March 2022}}</ref> Analysts [[Taras Kuzio]] and [[Vladimir Socor]] agree that "when Russia made its decision to invade Ukraine, that country was more remote than ever not only from NATO membership but also from any track that might lead to membership."<ref name="FG">{{#invoke:cite|book|last1=Kuzio |first1=Taras |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IpBtzwEACAAJ |title=Fascism and Genocide: Russia's War Against Ukrainians |last2=Jajecznyk-Kelman |first2=Stefan |date=2023 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |isbn=978-3-8382-1791-8 |pages=17, 57}}</ref> Political scientists [[Michael McFaul]] and Robert Person said Russia's occupation of Crimea and the Donbas had already blocked Ukraine's NATO membership; they suggested Putin's real aim was to subjugate Ukraine.<ref name="Person-McFaul1">{{#invoke:cite|journal|last1=Person |first1=Robert |last2=McFaul |first2=Michael |title=What Putin Fears Most |journal=Journal of Democracy |date=April 2022 |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=18–27 |doi=10.1353/jod.2022.0015 |url=https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/what-putin-fears-most/ |access-date=8 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406093802/https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/what-putin-fears-most/ |archive-date=6 April 2024 |url-status=live |issn=1045-5736|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

NATO offered to negotiate some of Russia's demands and to improve military [[Transparency (behavior)|transparency]], as long as Russia stopped its troop buildup.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=US offers no concessions in response to Russia on Ukraine |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-europe-russia-united-states-moscow-72856781c3b92640d03c5e954488ba90 |work=[[Associated Press]] |date=26 January 2022}}</ref> The alliance rejected Russia's demand to keep Ukraine out of NATO forever, pointing out that Russia had signed agreements affirming the right of Ukraine and other countries to join alliances.<ref name="ElPais">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=US offered disarmament measures to Russia in exchange for deescalation of military threat in Ukraine |url=https://english.elpais.com/usa/2022-02-02/us-offers-disarmament-measures-to-russia-in-exchange-for-a-deescalation-of-military-threat-in-ukraine.html |work=[[El País]] |date=2 February 2022}}</ref><ref name="DD">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Brumme |first=Christoph |date=28 January 2024 |title=Der dysfunktionale russische Staat ist nicht wettbewerbsfähig |url=https://www.nzz.ch/meinung/des-kremls-uebersehene-kriegsgruende-der-dysfunktionale-russische-staat-kann-im-friedlichen-wettbewerb-mit-anderen-laendern-schlicht-nicht-mithalten-ld.1775119 |access-date=6 December 2024 |work=Neue Zürcher Zeitung |language=de-CH |issn=0376-6829 }}</ref> The US proposed that it and Russia sign an agreement not to station missiles or troops in Ukraine.<ref name="ElPais"/> Putin replied that Russia's demands had been "ignored," and the Russian troop buildup continued.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Putin: U.S. and NATO have "ignored" Russia's main security demands |url=https://www.axios.com/2022/02/01/putin-nato-demands-ukraine-orban |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |date=1 February 2022}}</ref>

Western leaders vowed heavy sanctions should Putin invade rather than negotiate.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=U.S. and NATO Respond to Putin's Demands as Ukraine Tensions Mount |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/26/us/politics/russia-demands-us-ukraine.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=26 January 2022}}</ref> French president [[Emmanuel Macron]]<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/kremlin-denies-putin-promised-not-hold-manoeuvres-near-ukraine-2022-02-08/ |title=France's Macron calls for calm to resolve Ukraine crisis |first1=Michael |last1=Rose |first2=Pavel |last2=Polityuk |date=8 February 2022 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> and German chancellor [[Olaf Scholz]] met Putin in February 2022 to dissuade him from invading. Putin told Scholz that Ukraine should not be an independent state.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Scholz: Putin started war for 'completely absurd' reasons |url=https://www.dw.com/en/germanys-scholz-says-putin-started-war-for-completely-absurd-reasons/a-62880926 |work=[[Deutsche Welle]] |date=21 August 2022}}</ref> Zelenskyy said Putin had broken agreements and could not be trusted to respect Ukrainian neutrality.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Gordon |first1=Michael R. |last2=Pancevski |first2=Bojan |last3=Bisserbe |first3=Noemie |last4=Walker |first4=Marcus |date=1 April 2022 |title=Vladimir Putin's 20-Year March to War in Ukraine—and How the West Mishandled It |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/vladimir-putins-20-year-march-to-war-in-ukraineand-how-the-west-mishandled-it-11648826461 |url-access=subscription |access-date=18 June 2022}}</ref> At the [[Munich Security Conference]], Zelenskyy called for Western powers to end their "[[appeasement]]" of Putin and give a timeframe for when Ukraine could join NATO.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=West should stop 'appeasement' policy towards Russia, says Ukraine's Zelensky |url=https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20220219-harris-to-meet-zelensky-as-ukraine-crisis-overshadows-munich-security-conference |access-date=10 February 2024 |work=France 24 |date=19 February 2022}}</ref>

[[File:Luhansk thermal power plant after shelling, 2022-02-22 (01).jpg|thumb|upright=.8|[[Luhansk power station]] after being shelled by Russian-backed forces in the Donbas, 22 February 2022]]
Shortly before the invasion, Russia's proxy forces stepped up attacks on Ukrainian forces and civilians in the Donbas.<ref name="BBC 19 Feb 2022">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine will not respond to provocations, Zelensky says |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-60448638 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=19 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250403230835/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-60448638 |archive-date=3 April 2025}}</ref><ref name="Guardian 18 Feb 2022">{{#invoke:cite|news|first1=Shaun |last1=Walker |first2=Andrew |last2=Roth |title=Pro-Russian separatists order mass evacuation of eastern Ukraine |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/18/pro-russian-separatist-order-mass-evacuation-eastern-ukraine-fear-moscow-seeking-create-pretext-invasion |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=18 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250414194104/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/18/pro-russian-separatist-order-mass-evacuation-eastern-ukraine-fear-moscow-seeking-create-pretext-invasion |archive-date=14 April 2025}}</ref> Separatist leaders warned that Ukraine was about to launch an offensive, but they gave no evidence, and ''[[The Guardian]]'' noted it would be "exceedingly risky" for Ukraine to assault the Donbas while Russian troops were massed on its borders.<ref name="Guardian 18 Feb 2022"/> Ukraine and Western leaders accused Russia of staging [[false flag|false-flag]] attacks and trying to provoke retaliation to give Russia a pretext for invading.<ref name="BBC 19 Feb 2022"/><ref name="Guardian 18 Feb 2022"/> On 17 February, Russian proxy forces [[Stanytsia Luhanska kindergarten bombing|shelled a kindergarten]] in Ukrainian-held territory, then blamed it on Ukraine.<ref name="Guardian 18 Feb 2022"/> Zelenskyy said his military would not respond to the provocations.<ref name="BBC 19 Feb 2022"/>

=== Invasion plans ===
The [[Royal United Services Institute]] reported that Russia's plan involved defeating Ukraine within ten days and capturing or killing its government, followed by [[Zachistka|"mopping up" operations]]; establishing [[Russian filtration camps for Ukrainians|filtration camps for Ukrainians]]; setting up occupation regimes; executing people involved in the Revolution of Dignity; and annexation.<ref name="RUSI invasion plan">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Zabrodskyi |first1=Mykhaylo |last2=Watling |first2=Jack |last3=Danylyuk |first3=Oleksandr |last4=Reynolds |first4=Nick |title=Preliminary Lessons in Conventional Warfighting from Russia's Invasion of Ukraine: February–July 2022 |url=https://static.rusi.org/359-SR-Ukraine-Preliminary-Lessons-Feb-July-2022-web-final.pdf |date=30 November 2022 |publisher=[[Royal United Services Institute]] |pages=1–12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250617163952/https://static.rusi.org/359-SR-Ukraine-Preliminary-Lessons-Feb-July-2022-web-final.pdf |archive-date=17 June 2025}}</ref><ref name="KyivPost invasion plan">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=2 December 2022 |title=Captured Documents Show Moscow Planned to Start War with "Massive Airstrike Campaign" |url=https://www.kyivpost.com/post/4768 |work=[[Kyiv Post]]}}</ref><ref name="SkyNews invasion plan">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=1 December 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Captured Russian documents reveal Moscow's 10-day plan to take over the country and kill its leaders |url=https://news.sky.com/story/ukraine-war-captured-russian-documents-reveal-moscows-10-day-plan-to-take-over-the-country-and-kill-its-leaders-12759836 |work=[[Sky News]]}}</ref> The decision to invade was reportedly made by Putin and a small group of [[war hawk]]s or ''[[silovik]]i'' in Putin's inner circle, including national security adviser [[Nikolai Patrushev]] and [[Minister of Defence (Russia)|defence minister]] [[Sergei Shoigu]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=20 March 2022 |title=Kremlin Insiders Alarmed Over Growing Toll of Putin's War in Ukraine |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-20/putin-s-war-in-ukraine-has-russian-elites-fearing-global-isolation }}</ref>

After the invasion began, Ukrainian and Western analysts assessed that Putin seemed to have believed the Russian military could seize [[Kyiv]] within days. This assessment led to the conclusion that "taking Kyiv in three days" had been the original goal of the invasion.<ref name="Sheftalovich2">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Sheftalovich |first=Zoya |date=26 February 2022 |title=Putin's miscalculation |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/ukraine-war-russia-vladimir-putin-miscalculation/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310193923/https://www.politico.eu/article/ukraine-war-russia-vladimir-putin-miscalculation/ |archive-date=10 March 2022 |access-date=11 March 2022 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref name="France 24">{{#invoke:cite|news|author=AFP |date=8 March 2022 |title=Five reasons why Ukraine has been able to stall Russian advance |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220308-five-reasons-why-ukraine-has-been-able-to-stall-russian-advance |access-date=21 December 2022 |work=France 24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/6d1f5ad5-f867-4e65-9127-916a195e9780|title=Putin has once again overplayed his hand in Ukraine|website=ft.com}}</ref>

==== Putin's invasion announcement ====
{{Main|Putin's invasion of Ukraine speech}}

[[File:Обращение Президента Российской Федерации 2022-02-24.webm|thumb|Putin's address to the nation on 24 February 2022. Minutes after Putin's announcement, the invasion began.]]
On 21 February, Putin [[Putin's recognition of the Donbas republics|announced]] the formal recognition of the independence of the [[Donetsk People's Republic]] and [[Luhansk People's Republic]] by Russia. The following day, Russia announced that it was sending troops into the territories as "peacekeepers",<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=22 February 2022 |title=Ukraine crisis: Russia orders troops into rebel-held regions |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-60468237 }}</ref> and the [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council of Russia]] authorised the use of military force abroad.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=22 February 2022 |title=Federation Council gives consent to use the Russian Armed Forces outside of the Russian Federation |work=Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation |url=http://council.gov.ru/en/events/news/133443/ |access-date=21 March 2023 |publisher=[[Federation Council of Russia]] }}</ref>

Before 5 a.m. Kyiv time on 24 February, Putin, in [[Putin's invasion of Ukraine speech|another speech]], announced a "[[special military operation]]," which effectively declared war on Ukraine.<ref name="Meduza_Putin_announces_invasion">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=24 February 2022 |title=Putin announces formal start of Russia's invasion in eastern Ukraine |work=[[Meduza (website)|Meduza]] |url=https://meduza.io/en/news/2022/02/24/putin-announces-start-of-military-operation-in-eastern-ukraine |access-date=24 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224033732/https://meduza.io/en/news/2022/02/24/putin-announces-start-of-military-operation-in-eastern-ukraine |archive-date=24 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=24 February 2022 |title=Putin declares war on Ukraine |url=https://kyivindependent.com/national/putin-declares-war-on-ukraine |access-date=24 June 2022 |work=[[The Kyiv Independent]]}}
*{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Haltiwager |first=John |date=23 February 2022 |title=Russian President Vladimir Putin announces military assault against Ukraine in surprise speech |work=[[Business Insider]] |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/putin-announces-military-assault-against-ukraine-in-surprise-speech-2022-2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224031448/https://www.businessinsider.com/putin-announces-military-assault-against-ukraine-in-surprise-speech-2022-2 |archive-date=24 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2022}}</ref> Putin said the operation was to "protect the people" of the Russian-controlled breakaway republics. He [[Allegations of genocide in Donbas|baselessly claimed]] that Russians in the Donbas had "been facing humiliation and genocide perpetrated by the Kyiv regime" for 8 years.<ref name="The Conversation: Baseless but not unprecedented"/> Putin said Russia was being threatened: he [[Disinformation in the Russian invasion of Ukraine#Russian themes|baselessly claimed]] that Ukrainian officials [[Disinformation in the Russian invasion of Ukraine#Allegations of Nazism|were neo-Nazis]] under Western control, that Ukraine was developing nuclear weapons, and that a hostile NATO was building up its forces and infrastructure in Ukraine.<ref name="Putin declaration"/><ref name="bbc22422"/> He said Russia sought the "demilitarisation and denazification" of Ukraine and denied the legitimacy of the Ukrainian state.<ref name="bbc22422">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=24 February 2022 |title=Ukraine conflict: Russian forces attack after Putin TV declaration |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-60503037 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224064553/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60503037 |archive-date=24 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2022 |work=[[BBC News]] }}</ref><ref name="Time22222">{{cite magazine |last=Perrigo |first=Billy |title=What Putin Gets Wrong About Ukraine's Statehood |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=22 February 2022 |url=https://time.com/6150046/ukraine-statehood-russia-history-putin/ |access-date=6 November 2023}}</ref> Putin said he had no plans to occupy Ukraine.<ref name="Putin declaration">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=24 February 2022 |title=Full text: Putin's declaration of war on Ukraine |work=[[The Spectator]] |url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/full-text-putin-s-declaration-of-war-on-ukraine }}</ref> The invasion began within minutes of Putin's speech.<ref name="Meduza_Putin_announces_invasion"/>

== Events ==
{{for timeline|Timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}
{{main list|List of military engagements during the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)
}}

[[File:Russian troops in Novoaidar, 6 March 2022.png|thumb|Russian troops in Ukraine early in the 2022 invasion]]
The invasion began at dawn on 24 February.<ref name="Meduza_Putin_announces_invasion"/><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Missiles rain down around Ukraine |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/putin-orders-military-operations-ukraine-demands-kyiv-forces-surrender-2022-02-24/ |work=[[Reuters]] |date=25 February 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russian forces launch full-scale invasion of Ukraine |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/24/putin-orders-military-operations-in-eastern-ukraine-as-un-meets |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |date=24 February 2022}}</ref> It was the biggest attack on a European country and the first full-scale war in Europe since World War II.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last=Dietrich |first=Marc |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ujQszwEACAAJ |title=A Cosmopolitan Model for Peacebuilding: The Ukrainian Cases of Crimea and the Donbas |date=2023 |publisher=Ibidem Verlag |isbn=978-3-8382-1687-4}}</ref> Russia launched a simultaneous ground and air attack.<ref name="CriticalThreats">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Kagan |first1=Frederick |last2=Barros |first2=George |last3=Stepanenko |first3=Kateryna |date=5 March 2022 |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, March 4 |work=CriticalThreats |url=https://www.criticalthreats.org/analysis/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-march-4 |access-date=5 March 2022 }}</ref><ref name="ISW 4MAR"/> Missiles struck targets throughout Ukraine,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Sheftalovich |first=Zoya |date=24 February 2022 |title=Battles flare across Ukraine after Putin declares war |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/putin-announces-special-military-operation-in-ukraine/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224064603/https://www.politico.eu/article/putin-announces-special-military-operation-in-ukraine/ |archive-date=24 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2022 |website=[[Politico]]}}</ref> and Russian troops invaded from the north, east, and south.<ref>
{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Mongilio |first1=Heather |last2=LaGrone |first2=Sam |date=27 February 2022 |title=Russian Navy Launches Amphibious Assault on Ukraine; Naval Infantry 30 Miles West of Mariupol |url=https://news.usni.org/2022/02/25/russian-navy-launches-amphibious-assault-on-ukraine |website=USNI News}}
* {{#invoke:cite|journal|last1=Corten |first1=Olivier |last2=Koutroulis |first2=Vaios |date=22 May 2023 |title=The 2022 Russian intervention in Ukraine: What is its impact on the interpretation of jus contra bellum? |journal=[[Leiden Journal of International Law]] |volume=36 |issue=4 |pages=997–1022 |doi=10.1017/S0922156523000249 |s2cid=258857526 |doi-access=free |hdl=2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/360991 |hdl-access=free}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|last=Coakley |first=Amanda |date=24 February 2022 |title=Lukashenko Is Letting Putin Use Belarus to Attack Ukraine |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/02/24/russia-ukraine-war-belarus-chernobyl-lukashenko/ |access-date=25 September 2023 |website=Foreign Policy}}</ref> Russia did not officially declare war.<ref name="University of Hull 2023 u063">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=23 February 2023 |title=Putin |url=https://www.hull.ac.uk/work-with-us/more/media-centre/news/2023/putins-state-of-the-nation-why-russia-hasnt-officially-declared-war-and-what-difference-it-would-make |access-date=14 November 2023 |website=[[University of Hull]]}}</ref> Immediately after the invasion began, Zelenskyy declared [[martial law in Ukraine]] in a video speech.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Lock |first=Samantha |date=24 February 2022 |title=Russia-Ukraine crisis live news: Putin has launched 'full-scale invasion', says Ukrainian foreign minister – latest updates |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/feb/23/ukraine-russia-news-crisis-latest-live-updates-putin-biden-europe-sanctions-russian-invasion-border-troops |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224054309/https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/feb/23/ukraine-russia-news-crisis-latest-live-updates-putin-biden-europe-sanctions-russian-invasion-border-troops |archive-date=24 February 2022 |access-date=24 February 2022 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=24 February 2022 |title=Ukraine president declares martial law following Russia invasion |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/ukraine-russia-martial-law-zelensky-b2022093.html |access-date=11 September 2023 |work=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> The same evening, he ordered a [[2022 Ukrainian mobilization|general mobilisation]] of all Ukrainian males aged 18–60,<ref name="Interfax 2022">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=25 February 2022 |title=Zelensky signs decree declaring general mobilization |url=https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/801769.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225113724/https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/801769.html |archive-date=25 February 2022 |access-date=25 February 2022 |website=[[Interfax-Ukraine]]}}</ref> prohibiting them from leaving the country.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Gilbert |first=Asha C. |date=25 February 2022 |title=Reports: Ukraine bans all male citizens ages 18 to 60 from leaving the country |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2022/02/25/russia-invasion-ukraine-bans-male-citizens-leaving/6936471001/ |access-date=26 March 2022}}</ref>

[[File:Bucha_main_street,_2022-04-06_(0804).jpg|thumb|Wreckage of a [[Battle of Bucha|destroyed]] Russian column on 27 February in [[Bucha, Kyiv Oblast|Bucha]]]]

The first stage of the invasion was conducted on four fronts: one towards western [[Kyiv]] from Belarus by the Russian [[Eastern Military District]]; one deployed towards eastern Kyiv by the [[Central Military District]] (northeastern front), comprising the [[41st Combined Arms Army]] and the [[2nd Guards Combined Arms Army]],<ref name="TR"/> one deployed towards Kharkiv; and a fourth, southern front originating in Crimea and Russia's [[Rostov Oblast|Rostov oblast]] with an eastern axis towards Odesa and a western area of operations toward [[Mariupol]].<ref name="TR">{{#invoke:cite|journal|last=Bielieskov |first=Mykola |date=21 September 2021 |title=The Russian and Ukrainian Spring 2021 War Scare |url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/russian-and-ukrainian-spring-2021-war-scare |access-date=25 November 2021 |website=[[Center for Strategic & International Studies]]}}</ref> The invasion was unexpectedly met by fierce resistance.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Kube |first1=Courtney |last2=Siemaszko |first2=Corky |date=26 February 2022 |title=Russian offensive unexpectedly slowed by fierce Ukrainian resistance |work=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/russian-offensive-unexpectedly-slowed-fierce-ukrainian-resistance-rcna17703 |access-date=16 September 2022}}</ref> Russia failed to take Kyiv and was repulsed in the battles of [[Battle of Irpin|Irpin]], [[Battle of Hostomel|Hostomel]], and [[Battle of Bucha|Bucha]]. The Russians tried to encircle the capital, but defenders under [[Oleksandr Syrskyi]] held their ground, using [[FGM-148 Javelin|anti-tank]] and [[FIM-92 Stinger|anti-aircraft missiles]] to thin Russian supply lines and stall the offensive.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=7 April 2022 |title=Russia's failure to take down Kyiv was a defeat for the ages |work=[[Associated Press]] News |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-battle-for-kyiv-dc559574ce9f6683668fa221af2d5340 |access-date=16 September 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Sonne |first1=Paul |last2=Khurshudyan |first2=Isabelle |date=24 August 2022 |title=Battle for Kyiv: Ukrainian valor, Russian blunders combined to save the capital |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/interactive/2022/kyiv-battle-ukraine-survival/ |access-date=27 September 2022}}</ref>

By 7 April, Russian troops deployed to the northern front pulled back to resupply and redeploy to the Donbas. The northeastern front was similarly withdrawn for redeployment to southeastern Ukraine.<ref name="TR"/><ref name="news.yahoo.com">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Epstein |first1=Jake |last2=Haltiwanger |first2=John |date=6 April 2022 |title=NATO chief says Putin still wants to control all of Ukraine, despite repositioning forces to the eastern Donbas region |url=https://news.yahoo.com/nato-chief-says-putin-still-144125043.html |access-date=7 April 2022}}</ref> On 26 April, delegates from the US and 40 allied nations [[2022 Ramstein Air Base meeting|met]] in Germany to discuss [[Ukraine Defense Contact Group|a coalition]] to provide economic support, military supplies, and refitting to Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Vandiver |first1=John |last2=Svan |first2=Jennifer H. |date=26 April 2022 |title=US and allies gather at Ramstein to discuss how to help Ukraine defeat Russia's 'unjust invasion' |work=[[Stars and Stripes (newspaper)|Stars and Stripes]] |location=Ramstein Air Base, Germany |url=https://www.stripes.com/theaters/europe/2022-04-26/austin-ukraine-ramstein-air-base-russia-5804405.html |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=9 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504174341/https://www.stripes.com/theaters/europe/2022-04-26/austin-ukraine-ramstein-air-base-russia-5804405.html |archive-date=4 May 2022}}</ref>

=== Initial invasion (24 February – 7 April 2022) ===
{{Main|2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine}}

[[File:2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine Phase 1 animated.gif|thumb|upright=1.7|Animated map of the Russian invasion from 24 February to 7 April 2022]]
The invasion began on 24 February, launched out of Belarus to target Kyiv and from the northeast against the city of Kharkiv. The southeastern front was conducted as two separate spearheads, from Crimea and the southeast against Luhansk and Donetsk.<ref>{{cite news |title=Russian forces launch full-scale invasion of Ukraine |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/24/putin-orders-military-operations-in-eastern-ukraine-as-un-meets |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |date=24 February 2022|access-date=15 December 2025}}</ref>

==== Kyiv and northern front ====
{{Further|Capture of Chernobyl|Battle of Kyiv (2022)|Bucha massacre|Siege of Chernihiv|Battle of Sumy|Russian occupation of Sumy Oblast}}
[[File:An-225 Mriya after Russian invasion of Ukraine (3to4).jpg|right|thumb|The [[Antonov An-225 Mriya]], the largest aircraft ever built, was destroyed during the [[Battle of Antonov Airport]].]]

Russian troops tried to seize [[Kyiv]] quickly with a spearhead on 24 February, from Belarus south along the west bank of the [[Dnipro River]], with [[Spetsnaz]] infiltrating into the city, supported by airborne operations and a rapid mechanised advance from the north, but failed.<ref name="wapo20220320">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Sly |first1=Liz |last2=Lamothe |first2=Dan |date=20 March 2022 |title=Russia's war for Ukraine could be headed toward stalemate |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/20/russia-ukraine-military-offensive/ |url-status=live |access-date=6 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320093229/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/20/russia-ukraine-military-offensive/ |archive-date=20 March 2022 |issn=0190-8286 |oclc=2269358}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|last=Roblin |first=Sebastien |date=27 February 2022 |title=At Vasylkiv, Ukrainians Repel Russia's Paratroopers and Commandos in Frantic Night Battle |url=https://www.19fortyfive.com/2022/02/at-vasylkiv-ukrainians-repel-russias-paratroopers-and-commandos-in-frantic-night-battle/ |access-date=5 March 2022 |website=19FortyFive}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Boot |first=Max |date=21 March 2022 |title=Opinion: Against all odds, Ukrainians are winning. Russia's initial offensive has failed. |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/03/21/ukraine-is-winning-war-russia-offensive-putin/ |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Kemp |first=Richard |date=22 March 2022 |title=The Russian army has run out of time |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2022/03/22/russian-army-has-run-time/ |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref> The apparent intent was to encircle the city from the west, supported by two separate axes of attack along the east bank of the Dnipro: the western at [[Chernihiv]] and from the east at [[Sumy]].<ref name="CriticalThreats"/><ref name="ISW 4MAR">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Kagan |first1=Frederick |last2=Barros |first2=George |last3=Stepanenko |first3=Kateryna |date=4 March 2022 |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, March 4 |url=https://understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-march-4 |access-date=5 March 2022 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]]}}</ref> Russian forces advanced into [[Chernihiv Oblast]] on 24 February, besieging its administrative capital within [[siege of Chernihiv|four days of fighting]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Ward |first=Alexander |date=25 February 2022 |title='Almost not possible' for Ukraine to win without West's help, Ukraine official says |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://politi.co/3LWSyC5 |url-status=live |access-date=26 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226175146/https://www.politico.com/newsletters/national-security-daily/2022/02/25/almost-not-possible-for-ukraine-to-win-00011969 |archive-date=26 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=26 February 2022 |title=Ukraine war news from February 25: Kyiv suburbs breached, Russian forces face resistance, Zelensky warns Russia will 'storm' capital |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=https://www.ft.com/content/93554a7e-f974-49fc-85ba-c111d253b002 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=26 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226151541/https://www.ft.com/content/93554a7e-f974-49fc-85ba-c111d253b002 |archive-date=26 February 2022 |issn=0307-1766}}</ref> Travelling along highways, Russian forces reached [[Brovary]], an eastern suburb of Kyiv, on 4 March.<ref name="ISW 4MAR"/><ref name="CriticalThreats"/>

The US contacted Zelenskyy and offered to help him flee, lest the Russian army attempt to kidnap or kill him; Zelenskyy responded that "The fight is here; [[I need ammunition, not a ride]]."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=25 February 2022 |title=Live updates: Zelenskyy declines US offer to evacuate Kyiv |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-business-europe-united-nations-kyiv-6ccba0905f1871992b93712d3585f548 |access-date=28 February 2023 |publisher=[[AP News]]}}</ref> By early March, Russian advances along the west side of the Dnipro were limited by Ukrainian defences.<ref name="ISW 4MAR"/><ref name="CriticalThreats"/> As of 5 March, [[Russian Kyiv Convoy|a Russian convoy]], reportedly {{Convert|64|km|mi}} long, had made little progress toward Kyiv.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Stern |first=David L. |date=5 March 2022 |title=After temporary cease-fires break down, Putin threatens Ukraine's government |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/05/ukraine-military-battlefield-kyiv-mariupol/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=6 March 2022}}</ref> Advances from Chernihiv largely halted as a [[siege of Chernihiv|siege began there]]. Russian forces advanced on Kyiv from the northwest, capturing [[Bucha, Kyiv Oblast|Bucha]], [[Hostomel]] and [[Vorzel]] by 5 March.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Lister |first1=Tim |last2=Pennington |first2=Josh |last3=McGee |first3=Luke |last4=Gigova |first4=Radina |name-list-style=and |date=7 March 2022 |title='A family died ... in front of my eyes': Civilians killed as Russian military strike hits evacuation route in Kyiv suburb |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/03/06/europe/ukraine-russia-invasion-sunday-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=9 March 2022 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=7 March 2022 |title=Bucha, Vorzel, Hostomel under enemy's control, situation remains critical |agency=[[Ukrinform]] |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3422872-bucha-vorzel-hostomel-under-enemys-control-situation-remains-critical.html |access-date=9 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Lister |first1=Tim |last2=Voitovych |first2=Olga |date=8 March 2022 |title="Irpin can't be bought, Irpin fights": Mayor refuses Russian demand to surrender |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-putin-news-03-08-22#h_e09d49888fcb2a07b8f1a95d6f2b0faa |access-date=8 March 2022}}</ref> By 11 March, the lengthy convoy had largely dispersed and taken cover.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Murphy |first=Paul |date=11 March 2022 |title=Stalled 40-mile-long Russian convoy near Kyiv now largely dispersed, satellite images show |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-putin-news-03-11-22#h_1b9599f9b4bf3b17110242404180ffec |access-date=11 March 2022}}</ref> On 16 March, Ukrainian forces began a counter-offensive.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Cullison |first1=Alan |last2=Coles |first2=Isabel |last3=Trofimov |first3=Yaroslav |date=16 March 2022 |title=Ukraine Mounts Counteroffensive to Drive Russians Back From Kyiv, Key Cities |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ukraine-mounts-counteroffensive-to-drive-russians-back-from-kyiv-key-cities-11647428858 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=16 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220316111106/https://www.wsj.com/articles/ukraine-mounts-counteroffensive-to-drive-russians-back-from-kyiv-key-cities-11647428858 |archive-date=16 March 2022}}</ref> Unable to achieve a quick victory in Kyiv, Russian forces switched to [[Indiscriminate attack|indiscriminate bombing]] and [[siege]] warfare.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Gordon |first1=Michael R. |last2=Leary |first2=Alex |date=21 March 2022 |title=The Wall Street Journal News Exclusive: Russia, Failing to Achieve Early Victory in Ukraine, Is Seen Shifting to 'Plan B' |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/russia-failing-to-achieve-early-victory-in-ukraine-is-seen-shifting-to-plan-b-11647824374 |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Ali |first1=Idrees |last2=Stewart |first2=Phil |date=27 February 2022 |title=Russian forces appear to shift to siege warfare in Ukraine- U.S. official |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/putins-nuclear-move-could-make-situation-much-much-more-dangerous-us-official-2022-02-27/ |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref>

On 25 March, a Ukrainian counteroffensive retook towns to the east and west of Kyiv.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=23 March 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Ukrainian fightback gains ground west of Kyiv |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60847188 |access-date=29 March 2022 |website=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref name="Guardian220325">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Walters |first1=Joanna |last2=Bartholomew |first2=Jem |last3=Belam |first3=Martin |last4=Lock |first4=Samantha |date=25 March 2022 |title=Russia-Ukraine war latest: Ukraine takes back towns east of Kyiv; hopes of Mariupol humanitarian corridor grow – live |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/mar/25/ukraine-war-latest-news-sanctions-a-little-late-zelenskiy-tells-european-council-biden-to-visit-poland-live |access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> Russian troops in the Bucha area retreated north. Ukrainian forces entered the city on 1 April and recaptured the region around Kyiv and uncovered evidence of [[War crimes in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|war crimes]] in [[Bucha massacre|Bucha]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine war latest: Ukraine says it has retaken entire Kyiv region |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/world-europe-60949706 |access-date=2 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Rudenko |first=Olga |date=2 April 2022 |title=Hundreds of murdered civilians discovered as Russians withdraw from towns near Kyiv (Graphic Images) |url=https://kyivindependent.com/national/hundreds-of-murdered-civilians-discovered-as-russians-withdraw-from-towns-near-kyiv-graphic-images/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220403022637/https://kyivindependent.com/national/hundreds-of-murdered-civilians-discovered-as-russians-withdraw-from-towns-near-kyiv-graphic-images/ |archive-date=3 April 2022 |access-date=3 April 2022 |website=[[The Kyiv Independent]]}}</ref> [[The Pentagon]] confirmed on 6 April that the Russian army had left [[Chernihiv Oblast]];<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Demirjian |first1=Karoun |last2=Lamothe |first2=Dan |name-list-style=and |date=6 April 2022 |title=Pentagon: Russia has fully withdrawn from Kyiv, Chernihiv |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2022/04/06/pentagon-russia-withdraws-kyiv-chernihiv/ |access-date=7 April 2022 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> local authorities said Russian troops had left Sumy Oblast.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Kalatur |first=Anastasiya |date=8 April 2022 |title=Sumy region liberated from Russian troops |work=[[Ukrainska Pravda]] |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2022/04/8/7338013/ |access-date=15 April 2022}}</ref> NATO secretary-general Jens Stoltenberg said the Russian "retraction, resupply, and redeployment" of troops from the Kyiv area should be interpreted as an expansion of Putin's plans for concentrating his forces on eastern Ukraine.<ref name="news.yahoo.com"/>

==== Southern and eastern front ====
{{Further|Siege of Mariupol|Odesa strikes (2022–present)|Battle of Kherson|Battle of Enerhodar|Battle of Kharkiv (2022)|Battle of Izium|Millerovo air base attack|Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast|Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast|Russian occupation of Kharkiv Oblast}}
[[File:Myronosytska 1 after Russian shelling on 2 March 2022 (05).jpg|thumb|upright=.7|School of Economics of the [[National University of Kharkiv]] after Russian bombardment, 2 March 2022]]
On 24 February, Russian attack groups moved northwest from Crimea, capturing bridges over the [[Dnieper]]<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine loses control over crossing to Kherson |agency=[[Ukrinform]] |date=25 February 2022 |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3412906-ukraine-loses-control-over-crossing-to-kherson.html |url-status=live |access-date=25 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225155031/https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3412906-ukraine-loses-control-over-crossing-to-kherson.html |archive-date=25 February 2022}}</ref> and the [[North Crimean Canal]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Marrow |first1=Alexander |last2=Ostroukh |first2=Andrey |date=24 February 2022 |editor-last=Balmforth |editor-first=Tom |title=Russian forces unblock water flow for canal to annexed Crimea, Moscow says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russian-forces-unblock-water-flow-canal-annexed-crimea-moscow-says-2022-02-24/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220301/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russian-forces-unblock-water-flow-canal-annexed-crimea-moscow-says-2022-02-24/ |archive-date=1 March 2022 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> On 1 March, [[Battle of Kherson|Kherson]] was the first major city to fall to Russia.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Schwirtz |first1=Michael |last2=Pérez-Peña |first2=Richard |name-list-style=and |date=2 March 2022 |title=First Ukraine City Falls as Russia Strikes More Civilian Targets |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/02/world/europe/kherson-ukraine-russia.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303000108/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/02/world/europe/kherson-ukraine-russia.html |archive-date=3 March 2022 |access-date=3 March 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Russian troops moved on [[Mykolaiv]] and [[Battle of Mykolaiv|attacked it]] but were repelled.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=4 March 2022 |title=Ukrainian defenders repelled attack on Mykolaiv city, fighting continues on outskirts |agency=[[Ukrinform]] |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3420336-ukrainian-defenders-repelled-attack-on-mykolaiv-city-fighting-continues-on-outskirts.html |access-date=4 March 2022}}</ref> Russian forces approached the [[Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant]]<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=26 February 2022 |title=Ukraine official says Russian troops approaching Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant |work=[[National Post]] |url=https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/ukraine-official-says-russian-troops-approaching-zaporizhzhia-nuclear-plant |access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref> and [[Battle of Enerhodar|besieged Enerhodar]]. By 25 February, Russian units had begun advancing on [[Mariupol]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Battle ongoing near Mariupol – mayor |agency=[[Ukrinform]] |date=25 February 2022 |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3412585-battle-ongoing-near-mariupol-mayor.html |url-status=live |access-date=25 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225110919/https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3412585-battle-ongoing-near-mariupol-mayor.html |archive-date=25 February 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|last=Richárd |first=Jabronka |date=25 February 2022 |title=Így áll most a háború Ukrajnában: több nagyvárosban harcok dúlnak, megtámadtak egy orosz repülőteret |trans-title=This is how the war in Ukraine is now: fighting is raging in several big cities, a Russian airport has been attacked |url=https://ellenszel.hu/2022/02/25/igy-all-most-a-haboru-ukrajnaban-tobb-nagyvarosban-harcok-dulnak-megtamadtak-egy-orosz-repuloteret/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226011052/https://ellenszel.hu/2022/02/25/igy-all-most-a-haboru-ukrajnaban-tobb-nagyvarosban-harcok-dulnak-megtamadtak-egy-orosz-repuloteret/ |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=25 February 2022 |website=[[Ellenszél]] |language=hu}}</ref> Russian forces captured [[Berdiansk]].<ref name="CNN-Berdyansk">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Lister |first1=Tim |last2=Alkhaldi |first2=Celine |last3=Voitovych |first3=Olga |last4=Mezzofiore |first4=Gianluca |date=24 March 2022 |title=Ukrainians claim to have destroyed large Russian warship in Berdyansk |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/24/europe/ukraine-russian-warship-berdyansk-intl/index.html |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref><ref name="unianberdyansk">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Polyakovskaya |first=Tanya |date=26 February 2022 |title=Rossiyskaya voyennaya tekhnika zanyala territoriyu byvshego aeroporta "Berdyansk" – gorsovet |script-title=ru:Российская военная техника заняла территорию бывшего аэропорта "Бердянск" – горсовет |language=ru |trans-title=Russian military equipment occupied the territory of the former airport "Berdyansk" – city council |publisher=Berdyansk City Council |agency=[[Ukrainian Independent Information Agency]] |url=https://www.unian.net/war/rossiyskaya-voennaya-tehnika-zanyala-territoriyu-byvshego-aeroporta-berdyansk-gorsovet-novosti-donbassa-11719648.html |url-status=live |access-date=26 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226195413/https://www.unian.net/war/rossiyskaya-voennaya-tehnika-zanyala-territoriyu-byvshego-aeroporta-berdyansk-gorsovet-novosti-donbassa-11719648.html |archive-date=26 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite tweet||number=1497605510887100420 |user=nexta_tv |title=The tanks of the occupiers have circled #Berdyansk and are heading towards #Mariupol. https://t.co/jwsIoORzH0 |author=NEXTA |author-link=Nexta |date=26 February 2022 |access-date=28 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227062037/https://twitter.com/nexta_tv/status/1497605510887100420 |archive-date=27 February 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> On 1 March, [[Denis Pushilin]], head of the DPR, announced that it had surrounded [[Volnovakha]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Lister |first1=Tim |last2=Voitovych |first2=Olya |date=1 March 2022 |title=Russian-backed separatist leader expects his forces to surround Mariupol on Tuesday |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-putin-news-03-01-22/h_0e3d20b474aa007bb1e4acc0d0fba984 |access-date=1 March 2022}}</ref>

By 18 March, Mariupol was encircled and fighting had reached the city centre, hampering efforts to evacuate civilians.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Boffey |first1=Daniel |last2=Tondo |first2=Lorenzo |name-list-style=and |date=18 March 2022 |title=Fighting reaches central Mariupol as shelling hinders rescue attempts |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/18/russia-missile-lviv-mariupol-ukraine-war |access-date=21 March 2022 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> The Russians demanded surrender, and the Ukrainians refused.<ref name="CBC-2022-03-21">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=21 March 2022 |title=Ukraine refuses to surrender Mariupol as scope of human toll remains unclear |publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/ukraine-russia-war-march21-1.6391709 |access-date=21 March 2022}}</ref> On 27 March, Ukrainian deputy prime minister [[Olha Stefanishyna]] said that "more than 85 percent of the whole town is destroyed".<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Scully |first=Rachel |date=27 March 2022 |title=Ukrainian official: Mariupol 'simply does not exist anymore' |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]] |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/sunday-talk-shows/599917-ukrainian-official-mariupol-simply-does-not-exist-anymore |access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref> Russia refused safe passage into Mariupol to 50 buses sent by the UN to evacuate civilians.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=30 March 2022 |title=Ukraine War: Putin demands Mariupol surrender to end shelling |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60926470 |access-date=31 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=1 April 2022 |title=Ukraine: No 'plan B' for evacuation of shattered Mariupol, say humanitarians, as Friday attempt fails |work=[[UN News]] |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/04/1115282 |access-date=3 April 2022}}</ref>

In the east, Russian troops [[Battle of Kharkiv (2022)|attempted to capture Kharkiv]]<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Losh |first=Jack |date=25 February 2022 |title=Kharkiv's Resistance to Russia's War Has Already Begun |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/02/24/russia-ukraine-war-resistance-kharkiv/ |magazine=[[Foreign Policy]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225044904/https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/02/24/russia-ukraine-war-resistance-kharkiv/ |archive-date=25 February 2022 |access-date=27 February 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|title=Rosiya atakuvala ukrayinsʹki mista: de vidbulysya boyi |script-title=uk:Росія атакувала українські міста: де відбулися бої |trans-title=Russia attacked Ukrainian cities: where the fighting took place |url=https://24tv.ua/rosiya-atakuvala-ukrayinski-mista-de-vidbulisya-boyi_n1877474 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225025620/https://24tv.ua/rosiya-atakuvala-ukrayinski-mista-de-vidbulisya-boyi_n1877474 |archive-date=25 February 2022 |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=[[Channel 24 (Ukraine)|Channel 24]] |language=uk}}</ref> and met strong Ukrainian resistance. [[Izium]] was captured by Russian forces on 1 April<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/04/07/izyum-eastern-ukraine-razing-towns/ |title=In eastern Ukraine, Russian military razing towns to take them over |first=Dalton |last=Bennett |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=7 April 2022 |access-date=21 February 2022}}</ref> after a monthlong battle.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jul/18/russian-human-rights-abuses-took-place-in-izium-ukraine-investigation-finds |title=Militia units commanded by Russia named in Izium abuse investigation |first1=Nick |last1=Hopkins |first2=Jamie |last2=Wilson |first3=Luke |last3=Harding |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=18 July 2023 |access-date=21 February 2024}}</ref> On 25 March, the Russian defence ministry said it would seek to occupy major cities in eastern Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=25 March 2022 |title=Russia says first phase of Ukraine operation mostly complete, focus now on Donbass |publisher=[[Yahoo! Finance]] |agency=[[Reuters]] |location=London |editor-last=Trevelyan |editor-first=Mark |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/russia-says-first-phase-ukraine-134534902.html |access-date=28 March 2022}}</ref>

On 3 April, following the retreat of Russian forces from Kyiv, Russia expanded its attack on southern Ukraine, with bombardment and strikes against Odesa, Mykolaiv, and the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=3 April 2022 |title=Missiles hit Ukraine refinery, 'critical infrastructure' near Odessa |work=[[The Straits Times]] |publisher=[[SPH Media Trust]] |agency=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/missiles-hit-critical-infrastructure-at-ukrainian-port-of-odessa |access-date=6 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=11 March 2022 |title=Video analysis reveals Russian attack on Ukrainian nuclear plant veered near disaster |publisher=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/03/11/1085427380/ukraine-nuclear-power-plant-zaporizhzhia |access-date=1 April 2022}}</ref> By 7 April, the renewed massing of Russian troops and tanks around Izium, [[Sloviansk]], and [[Kramatorsk]] prompted Ukrainian officials to advise remaining residents near the eastern border to evacuate to western Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Picheta |first=Rob |date=6 April 2022 |title=The fight for Sloviansk may be 'the next pivotal battle' of Russia's war in Ukraine |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/04/06/europe/sloviansk-ukraine-russia-military-significance-intl/index.html |access-date=15 April 2022}}</ref>

=== Southeastern front (8 April – 5 September 2022) ===
{{for timeline|Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (8 April – 28 August 2022)}}
[[File:2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine Phase 2 animated.gif|thumb|upright=1.7|Animated map of the Russian invasion from 7 April to 5 September 2022]]
By 17 April, Russian progress on the southeastern front appeared impeded by Ukrainian forces in the large, heavily fortified [[Azovstal Iron and Steel Works]] and surrounding area in Mariupol.<ref name="RNZM"/> On 19 April Russia launched an "eastern assault" across a {{Convert|300|mi|km|adj=on|order=flip}} front extending from Kharkiv to Donetsk and Luhansk, with simultaneous missile attacks again directed at Kyiv and Lviv.<ref name="nytimes.com">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Arraf |first1=Jane |last2=Nechepurenko |first2=Ivan |last3=Landler |first3=Mark |date=19 April 2022 |title=Ukraine Says Russia Begins Assault in the East After Raining Missiles Nationwide |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/18/world/europe/ukraine-russia-missiles-lviv-donbas.html |access-date=20 April 2022 }}</ref> An anonymous US defence official called the Russian offensive "minimal at best".<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=2 May 2022 |title=US official briefs on Russia's war effort |publisher=[[BBC]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-61295448}}</ref>

By 30 May, disparities between Russian and Ukrainian artillery were apparent, with Ukrainian artillery vastly outgunned.<ref name="Sabbagh">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Sabbagh |first=Dan |date=31 May 2022 |title=Biden will not supply Ukraine with long-range rockets that can hit Russia |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/may/30/biden-will-not-supply-ukraine-with-long-range-rockets-that-can-hit-russia}}</ref> In response to Biden's indication that enhanced artillery would be provided to Ukraine, Putin said Russia would expand its invasion to include new cities and ordered a missile strike against Kyiv on 6 June after not directly attacking it for weeks.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/russia-bombards-kyiv-vows-strike-123428279.html?fr=yhssrp_catchall |title=Russia bombards Kyiv, vows to strike new targets if U.S. Sends long-range missiles to Ukraine |work=CBS News Videos via Yahoo News |date=6 June 2022 }}</ref> On 10 June, deputy head of the [[Security Service of Ukraine|SBU]] Vadym Skibitsky stated that during the Sievierodonetsk campaign, the frontlines were where the future of the invasion would be decided:<ref name="iktgvs">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Koshiw |first=Isobel |date=10 June 2022 |title=We're almost out of ammunition and relying on western arms, says Ukraine |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/10/were-almost-out-of-ammunition-and-relying-on-western-arms-says-ukraine }}</ref>
{{blockquote |text=This is an artillery war now, and we are losing in terms of artillery. Everything now depends on what [the West] gives us. Ukraine has one artillery piece to 10 or 15 Russian artillery pieces. Our western partners have given us about 10% of what they have.}}

On 29 June, US intelligence director Avril Haines said US agencies agree the invasion will continue "for an extended period of time ... In short, the picture remains pretty grim, and Russia's attitude toward the West is hardening."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Alper |first1=Alexandra |last2=Freifeld |first2=Karen |last3=Landay |first3=Jonathan |date=29 June 2022 |title=Putin still wants most of Ukraine, war outlook grim -U.S. intelligence chief |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/putin-still-wants-most-ukraine-war-outlook-grim-us-intelligence-chief-2022-06-29/ |access-date=2 July 2022 |work=[[Reuters]] }}</ref>

The chief spokesman for the [[Russian Ministry of Defence]], [[Igor Konashenkov]], revealed that Russian troops were divided between the army groups "Centre", commanded by Colonel General [[Aleksandr Lapin (general)|Aleksander Lapin]], and "South", commanded by Army General [[Sergey Surovikin]].<ref name="Novaya">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Cherkasov |first=Alexander |date=26 June 2022 |script-title=uk:Люди, стрелявшие в наших отцов |language=uk |agency=[[Novaya Gazeta]] |url=https://novayagazeta.eu/articles/2022/06/26/liudi-streliavshie-v-nashikh-ottsov }}</ref> On 20 July, Lavrov announced that Russia would respond to the increased military aid being received by Ukraine from abroad by expanding its special military operation to [[Zaporizhzhia Oblast|Zaporizhzhia]] and [[Kherson Oblast|Kherson]] oblasts.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=20 July 2022 |title=Ukraine News: Kyiv Intensifies Attacks on Russian Positions in South |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/07/20/world/ukraine-russia-war#russia-ukraine-territory-expansion-lavrov }}</ref> [[Russian Ground Forces]] started recruiting volunteer battalions to create a new [[3rd Army Corps (Russia)|3rd Army Corps]] within the Western Military District, with a planned strength of 16,000–60,000 personnel.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=29 July 2022 |title=Russia prepares to deploy new strike force against Ukraine – Ukrainian Intelligence |work=[[Ukrainska Pravda]] |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2022/07/29/7360811/ |access-date=27 August 2022 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=6 August 2022 |title=Russia forming 3rd Army Corps for war in Ukraine – ISW |agency=[[Ukrinform]] |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3544612-russia-forming-3rd-army-corps-for-war-in-ukraine-isw.html |access-date=27 August 2022 }}</ref> Its units were deployed to the front around the September [[2022 Kharkiv counteroffensive|Kharkiv counteroffensive]], in time to join the Russian retreat. The 3rd Army "melted away" according to ''[[Forbes]]'', having little impact on the battlefield along with other irregular forces.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Axe|first=David|date=15 September 2022|title=The Russians Spent Months Forming A New Army Corps. It Lasted Days in Ukraine.|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2022/09/15/the-russians-spent-months-forming-a-new-army-corps-it-lasted-days-in-ukraine/|magazine=[[Forbes]]|access-date=29 November 2025|url-access=limited}}
*{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 18|url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-september-18|access-date=3 October 2022|website=Institute for the Study of War|date=19 September 2022}}</ref>

==== Fall of Mariupol ====
{{further|Siege of Mariupol}}
On 13 April, Russian forces intensified their attack on the [[Azovstal Iron and Steel Works]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Harding |first1=Luke |last2=Koshiw |first2=Isobel |last3=McKernan |first3=Bethan |date=13 April 2022 |title=Last marines defending Mariupol 'running out of ammunition' |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/11/ukraine-last-marines-defending-mariupol-running-out-of-ammunition |access-date=15 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250415205024/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/11/ukraine-last-marines-defending-mariupol-running-out-of-ammunition |archive-date=15 April 2025}}</ref> Ukrainian prime minister Denys Shmyhal said Ukrainian soldiers had vowed to ignore the ultimatum to surrender and fight to the last.<ref name="RNZM">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=17 April 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Mariupol defenders will fight to the end |work=[[Radio New Zealand]] News |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/world/465439/ukraine-war-mariupol-defenders-will-fight-to-the-end-pm }}</ref> On 20 April, Putin said the siege could be considered tactically complete, since the 500 Ukrainian troops entrenched in bunkers within the ironworks and estimated 1,000 civilians were sealed off from relief.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Schreck |first=Adam |date=21 April 2022 |title=Putin claims victory in Mariupol despite steel-mill holdouts |work=[[Associated Press]] News |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-putin-kyiv-business-europe-f0e1cd893715eda1e6bef696d9c47db3 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250604113211/https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-putin-kyiv-business-europe-f0e1cd893715eda1e6bef696d9c47db3 |archive-date=4 June 2025}}</ref>

After meetings with Putin and Zelenskyy, UN secretary-general Guterres on 28 April said he would attempt to organise an evacuation from Azovstal in accordance with assurances from Putin.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Prentice |first=Alessandra |date=28 April 2022 |title=U.N. chief Guterres calls for escape route from Mariupol 'apocalypse' |work=[[Reuters]] |publication-place=Kyiv |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/un-doing-all-it-can-make-evacuation-ukrainian-steel-plant-possible-guterres-2022-04-28/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220429105525/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/un-doing-all-it-can-make-evacuation-ukrainian-steel-plant-possible-guterres-2022-04-28/ |archive-date=29 April 2022}}</ref> On 30 April, Russian troops allowed civilians to leave under UN protection.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=1 May 2022 |title=Civilians flee Azovstal bunkers in evacuation led by U.N. |first1=Tom |last1=Balmforth |first2=Max |last2=Hunder |first3=Alessandra |last3=Prentice |work=[[Yahoo News]] |agency=[[Reuters]] |url=https://news.yahoo.com/more-civilians-evacuated-around-azovstal-111331097.html |access-date=2 September 2024 }}</ref> By 3 May, after allowing 100 civilians to depart, Russian troops renewed their bombardment.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=3 May 2022 |title=Russia shells Mariupol plant with civilians still reported trapped |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-says-it-started-shelling-azovstal-plant-after-ukraine-took-advantage-2022-05-03/ |url-status=live |access-date=9 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506145656/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-says-it-started-shelling-azovstal-plant-after-ukraine-took-advantage-2022-05-03/ |archive-date=6 May 2022}}</ref> On 6 May, ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' reported that Russia had used thermobaric bombs against the remaining soldiers. Zelenskyy authorised the commander of the steel factory to surrender as necessary.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Vasilyeva |first=Nataliya |date=5 May 2022 |title=Ukraine loses contact with Azovstal defenders as Russian troops storm steelworks |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2022/05/04/besieged-azovstal-steelwork-bunker-survivors-stave-hunger-frying/ }}</ref> On 7 May, all civilians were evacuated.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=7 May 2022 |title='All' civilians have been evacuated from a besieged steel plant in Mariupol |work=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/05/07/1097413091/steel-plant-mariupol-azovstal-civilians-evacuated |access-date=2 June 2022 }}</ref>

[[File:Наслідки обстрілу дитячої лікарні та пологового будинку в Маріуполі, 9 березня 2022 року.jpg|thumb|A children's hospital in [[Mariupol]] after [[9 March 2022 Mariupol Hospital 3 attack|a Russian airstrike]]]]
After the last civilians evacuated, 2,000 Ukrainian soldiers remained barricaded there; 700 were injured. They communicated a plea for a military corridor to evacuate, as they expected execution if they surrendered.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Koshiw |first=Isobel |date=8 May 2022 |title='Surrender is not an option': Azov battalion commander in plea for help to escape Mariupol |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/may/08/surrender-is-not-an-option-azov-battalion-commander-in-plea-for-help-to-escape-mariupol |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250511201140/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/may/08/surrender-is-not-an-option-azov-battalion-commander-in-plea-for-help-to-escape-mariupol |archive-date=11 May 2025}}</ref> Reports of dissent on 8 May indicated that the commander of the [[Ukrainian Marine Corps|Ukrainian marines]] had made an unauthorised acquisition of tanks, munitions, and personnel, broke out from the position and fled. The remaining soldiers spoke of a weakened defence as a result, which allowed progress to advancing Russian attacks.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Petrenko |first=Roman |date=8 May 2022 |title=Mariupol defenders tell how the commander of marines fled the city |work=[[Yahoo News]] |agency=[[Ukrayinska Pravda]] |url=https://news.yahoo.com/mariupol-defenders-tell-commander-marines-120905296.html |access-date=2 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250304015517/https://www.yahoo.com/news/mariupol-defenders-tell-commander-marines-120905296.html |archive-date=4 March 2025}}</ref> [[Illia Samoilenko (officer)|Ilia Somolienko]], deputy commander of the remaining Ukrainian troops, said, "We are basically here, dead men. Most of us know this, and it's why we fight so fearlessly."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Krasnolutska |first1=Daryna |last2=Champion |first2=Marc |date=8 May 2022 |title=Mariupol Steel Plant's 'Dead Men' Defenders Call for Rescue Plan |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-05-08/mariupol-steel-plant-s-dead-men-defenders-call-for-rescue-plan |access-date=2 June 2022 }}</ref>

On 16 May, the Ukrainian General Staff announced that the Mariupol garrison had "fulfilled its combat mission" and final evacuations had begun. 264 service members were evacuated to Olenivka under Russian control, while 53 who were seriously injured were taken to a hospital in [[Novoazovsk]], controlled by Russia.<ref name="nytimes16">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Hopkins |first1=Valerie |last2=Nechepurenko |first2=Ivan |last3=Santora |first3=Marc |name-list-style=and |date=16 May 2022 |title=Ukrainian authorities declare an end to the combat mission in Mariupol after weeks of Russian siege. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/16/world/europe/azovstal-mariupol.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516233043/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/16/world/europe/azovstal-mariupol.html |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=16 May 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Harrison |first1=Virginia |last2=agencies |name-list-style=and |date=17 May 2022 |title=Hundreds of Ukrainian troops evacuated from Mariupol steelworks after 82-day assault: Blow for Ukraine as removal of soldiers, many wounded, suggests city that became symbol of resistance has fallen into Russian hands |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/may/16/hundreds-of-ukrainian-troops-evacuated-from-azovstal-steelworks-after-82-day-assault |access-date=17 May 2022 |work=[[The Guardian]] }}</ref> Following the evacuation, Russian and DPR forces fully controlled Mariupol. Russia press secretary Dmitry Peskov said Putin had guaranteed that the fighters who surrendered would be treated "in accordance with international standards," while Zelenskyy said that "the work of bringing the boys home continues..."<ref name="reutersmay17">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=17 May 2022 |title=Azovstal siege ends as hundreds of Ukrainian fighters surrender |work=[[Reuters]] |publication-place=Mariupol |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-backed-separatists-say-256-ukrainian-fighters-surrendered-azovstal-2022-05-17/ |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=17 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517104718/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-backed-separatists-say-256-ukrainian-fighters-surrendered-azovstal-2022-05-17/ |archive-date=17 May 2022}}</ref>

==== Fall of Sievierodonetsk and Lysychansk ====
{{Main|Battle of Donbas (2022)}}

{{Further|Battle of Popasna|Kramatorsk railway station attack|Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)|Battle of Lysychansk}}
[[File:Окупанти вдарили «Точкою-У» по залізничному вокзалу Краматорська 03 (3to4).jpg|thumb|Aftermath of the [[Kramatorsk railway station attack]] by Russia, which killed 63 civilians]]
On 11 April, Zelenskyy said Ukraine expected a new Russian offensive in the east.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=11 April 2022 |title=Tens of thousands feared dead in Mariupol |work=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/live-blog/russia-ukraine-war-live-updates-zelenskyy-warns-offensive-east-rcna23809 |access-date=15 April 2022 }}</ref> American officials said Russia had withdrawn or been repulsed elsewhere and was preparing a retraction, resupply, and redeployment to the southeastern Ukraine front.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Bacon |first1=John |last2=Mansfield |first2=Erin |last3=Wadington |first3=Katie |last4=Santucci |first4=Jeanine |last5=Vanden Brook |first5=Tom |last6=Tebor |first6=Celina |name-list-style=and |date=10 April 2022 |title=EU to consider Ukraine membership in weeks; Russia warns of 'direct military confrontation' with US: April 10 recap |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2022/04/10/ukraine-russia-invasion-live-updates/9528799002/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410073616/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2022/04/10/ukraine-russia-invasion-live-updates/9528799002/ |archive-date=10 April 2022 |access-date=28 May 2022 |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Telford |first1=Taylor |last2=Timsit |first2=Annabelle |last3=Pietsch |first3=Bryan |last4=Duplain |first4=Julian |date=10 April 2022 |title=As war enters bloody new phase, Ukraine again calls for more weapons |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2022/04/10/ukraine-russia-war-zelensky/ |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=23 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411003557/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2022/04/10/ukraine-russia-war-zelensky/ |archive-date=11 April 2022}}</ref> Military satellites photographed Russian convoys of infantry and mechanised units deploying south from Kharkiv to Izium on 11 April, apparently part of the planned Russian redeployment.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Saric |first=Ivana |date=10 April 2022 |title=Satellite images: Russian military convoy heads south toward Donbas region |work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |url=https://www.axios.com/photos-russia-convoy-donbas-3af345c4-c292-4181-abe5-80abbc303b8b.html }}</ref>

On 18 April, with Mariupol overtaken by Russian forces, the Ukrainian government announced that the second phase of the reinforced invasion of the Donetsk, Luhansk and Kharkiv oblasts had intensified with expanded invasion forces occupying the Donbas.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=18 April 2022 |title=Ukraine says 'Battle of Donbas' has begun, Russia pushing in east |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/ukraine-says-battle-donbas-has-begun-russia-pushing-east-2022-04-18/ |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=23 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418205729/https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/ukraine-says-battle-donbas-has-begun-russia-pushing-east-2022-04-18/ |archive-date=18 April 2022}}</ref> On 22 May, the BBC reported that after the fall of Mariupol, Russia had intensified offensives in Luhansk and Donetsk while concentrating missile attacks and intense artillery fire on Sievierodonetsk, the largest city under Ukrainian control in Luhansk Oblast.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Murphy |first=Matt |date=23 May 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Russian assault on key Donbas city intensifies |publisher=[[BBC]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61547756 |url-status=live |access-date=26 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523080849/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61547756 |archive-date=23 May 2022}}</ref> On 23 May, Russian forces were reported entering [[Lyman, Ukraine|Lyman]], capturing the city by 26 May.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=25 May 2022 |title=Russia seeking to capture Ukraine's Lyman: separatist leader |work=[[The Australian]] |url=https://www.theaustralian.com.au/world/russia-seeking-to-capture-ukraines-lyman-separatist-leader/news-story/501ab08e54c87aeb68daa4e4dbe6e4ef |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=15 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526032910/https://www.theaustralian.com.au/world/russia-seeking-to-capture-ukraines-lyman-separatist-leader/news-story/501ab08e54c87aeb68daa4e4dbe6e4ef |archive-date=26 May 2022 |issn=1038-8761}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=26 May 2022 |title=Russian forces have 'upper hand' in Donbas fighting, Ukrainian officials say |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/may/26/ukraine-burying-civilians-mass-graves-russia-advances |website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Ukrainian forces were reported leaving [[Sviatohirsk]].<ref name="RID Rivista Italiana Difesa">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Markic |first=Igor |title=Ucraina, Belgorod sotto attacco, ma i Russi stringono la morsa su Severodonetsk |trans-title=Ukraine, Belgorod under attack, but the Russians tighten their grip on Severodonetsk |url=https://www.rid.it/shownews/4938 |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=[[Rivista Italiana Difesa]] |publisher=[[Coop Giornalistica La Riviera]] |language=it }}</ref> By 24 May, Russian forces captured [[Svitlodarsk]].<ref name="Svitlodarsk24522">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Donetsk region: occupying forces capture Svitlodarsk |work=[[Yahoo News]] |date=24 May 2022 |url=https://news.yahoo.com/donetsk-region-occupying-forces-capture-133430234.html |access-date=24 May 2022}}</ref> On 30 May, Reuters reported that Russian troops had breached the outskirts of Sievierodonetsk.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=30 May 2022 |title=Russian troops enter outskirts of key city in eastern Ukraine's Donbas |work=[[NBC News]] |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/ukraine-russia-battle-east-zelenskyy-visits-front-rcna31076 |access-date=2 June 2022 }}</ref> By 2 June, ''The Washington Post'' reported that Sievierodonetsk was on the brink of capitulation with over 80% in the hands of Russian troops.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Thebault |first1=Reis |last2=Iati |first2=Marisa |last3=Timsit |first3=Annabelle |last4=Suliman |first4=Adela |last5=Pietsch |first5=Bryan |last6=Pannett |first6=Rachel |date=2 June 2022 |title=Russia, U.S. trade barbs over weapons pledge; Severodonetsk on the brink |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/06/01/russia-ukraine-war-news-live-updates/ |access-date=5 June 2022 }}</ref> On 3 June, Ukrainian forces reportedly began a counter-attack in Sievierodonetsk. By 4 June, Ukrainian government sources claimed 20% or more of the city had been recaptured.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=4 June 2022 |title=Russia 'suffering huge casualties' as troops retreat: Ukraine |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/6/4/fighting-rages-in-two-key-eastern-ukrainian-cities |access-date=5 June 2022 }}</ref>

[[File:Движение техники по понтонной переправе через Северский Донец 001.png|thumb|Russian tanks at a pontoon crossing over the Seversky Donets River, 9 April 2022]]

Ukrainian authorities estimated that 800 Ukrainian civilians were besieged at the [[Azot (Sievierodonetsk)|Azot]] chemical factory in Sievierodonetsk; Russian-backed separatists said it sheltered 300–400 soldiers.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=11 June 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Chemical plant hit as fighting rages in Severodonetsk |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61773356 |access-date=9 August 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Sauer |first=Pjotr |date=12 June 2022 |title=Fighting in eastern Ukraine rages as Sievierodonetsk chemical plant hit |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/12/fighting-eastern-ukraine-rages-sievierodonetsk-chemical-plant-hit |access-date=9 August 2022 }}</ref> With the Ukrainian defences of Sievierodonetsk faltering, Russian troops began intensifying their attack on the neighbouring city of [[Lysychansk]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Gibbons-Neff |first1=Thomas |last2=Stevis-Gridneff |first2=Matina |date=13 June 2022 |title=Ukraine Allies Ponder Options As Cities Falter |edition=Late, New York |volume=59,453 |page=1 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://static01.nyt.com/images/2022/06/13/nytfrontpage/scan.pdf }}</ref> On 20 June it was reported that Russian troops continued to tighten their grip on Sievierodonetsk by capturing surrounding villages.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Hughes |first=Clyde |date=20 June 2022 |title=Russian troops capture key suburb near Severodonetsk after months of battle |work=[[United Press International|UPI]] |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2022/06/20/Ukraine-Severdonetsk-suburb-capture-Kharkiv/6931655722874/ }}</ref>

On 24 June, [[CNN]] reported that, amid scorched-earth tactics by advancing Russian troops, Ukraine's armed forces were ordered to evacuate Sievierodonetsk; several hundred civilians taking refuge in the Azot chemical plant were left behind, with some comparing their plight to those in Mariupol.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Berlinger |first1=Joshua |last2=Lister |first2=Tim |date=24 June 2022 |title=Ukraine to withdraw from key city of Severodonetsk as Russia's advance grinds on |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/06/24/europe/severodonetsk-luhansk-russia-ukraine-intl/index.html }}</ref> On 3 July, the Russian defence ministry claimed Lysychansk had been captured and occupied.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=3 July 2022 |title=Russia claims capture of pivotal city in eastern Ukraine |work=[[CBS News]] |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ukraine-russia-war-lysychansk-luhansk-province-donbas/ }}</ref> On 4 July, ''The Guardian'' reported that after the fall of the Luhansk oblast, Russian troops would continue their invasion into the adjacent [[Donetsk Oblast]] to attack the cities of Sloviansk and [[Bakhmut]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Jones |first=Sam |date=4 July 2022 |title=Putin declares victory in Luhansk after fall of Lysychansk |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/04/ukraine-donetsk-next-russian-target-after-capture-of-luhansk-says-governor }}</ref>

==== Zaporizhzhia front ====
{{See also|Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast}}
[[File:Shopping center in Kremenchuk after Russian shelling, 2022-06-27 (1) frame 0246.jpg|thumb|French president Emmanuel Macron called the Russian [[Kremenchuk shopping mall attack|missile attack on a shopping mall in Kremenchuk]] on 28 June 2022 a "war crime"]]
Russian forces continued to fire missiles and drop bombs on [[Dnipro]] and [[Zaporizhzhia]].<ref name="nytimes.com"/> Russian missiles destroyed the [[Dnipro International Airport]] on 10 April.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=10 April 2022 |title=Russian rockets destroy airport in Ukrainian city of Dnipro |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/4/10/russian-rockets-destroy-airport-in-ukrainian-city-of-dnipro |access-date=1 October 2023 }}</ref> On 2 May, the UN, reportedly with the cooperation of Russian troops, evacuated about 100 survivors from the siege of Mariupol.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Rai |first1=Arpan |last2=Bancroft |first2=Holly |date=2 May 2022 |title=Mariupol steelworks shelling resumes as doctors describe dire bunker conditions |publisher=[[Yahoo! News]] |url=https://news.yahoo.com/ukraine-news-live-un-conducting-025522315.html |access-date=2 June 2022 }}</ref> On 28 June, Reuters reported that a Russian missile attack on [[Kremenchuk]], detonated in a mall, had killed at least 18. France's Macron called it a "[[war crime]]."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Lewis |first=Simon |date=28 June 2022 |title=Dozens missing after Russian missile strike on mall kills 18 |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/rescuers-dig-survivors-russian-missile-strike-ukrainian-shopping-mall-2022-06-28/ }}</ref>

The president of the Ukrainian nuclear agency [[Energoatom]] called the situation at the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant "extremely tense," saying that it was being operated by Ukrainian staff but controlled by up to 500 Russian soldiers, with Russia shelling nearby areas and storing weapons at the plant.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=7 July 2022 |title=Russia accused of shelling from Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant in Ukraine |url=https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20220716-live-russia-accused-of-shelling-from-zaporizhzhia-nuclear-plant |access-date=13 August 2022 |work=[[France 24]] }}</ref> Russia agreed on 19 August to allow IAEA inspectors access to the plant after a call from Macron to Putin. As of July 2023, access to the plant remained limited.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-yet-grant-access-zaporizhzhia-nuclear-reactor-roofs-iaea-2023-07-20/ |title=Russia yet to grant access to Zaporizhzhia nuclear reactor roofs, IAEA says |last1=Murphy |first1=Francois |date=20 July 2023 |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=24 September 2023 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Mureephy |first=Matt |date=19 August 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Russia to allow inspectors at Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant – Putin |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-62613013 |access-date=1 October 2023 }}</ref>
[[File:Missile strike on a humanitarian convoy in Zaporizhzhia, 2022-09-30 (02).jpg|thumb|Ukrainian civilians killed by the Russian Armed Forces during the [[Zaporizhzhia civilian convoy attack]] in September 2022]]

Russia reported that 12 attacks with explosions from 50 artillery shells had been recorded by 18 August at the plant and the company town of [[Enerhodar]].<ref name="nei-20220822">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=22 August 2022 |title=Growing concern about Zaporizhzya NPP sparks international diplomacy |publisher=Nuclear Engineering International |url=https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsgrowing-concern-about-zaporizhzya-npp-sparks-international-diplomacy-9944011 |access-date=1 October 2023}}</ref> [[Tobias Ellwood]], chair of the UK's [[Defence Select Committee]], and US congressman [[Adam Kinzinger]] said that radiation leaks would be a breach of the [[North Atlantic Treaty]], under which an attack on a member of NATO is an attack on them all.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=20 August 2022 |title=UK, US Set Ultimatum Against Russia Due To Provocations At Zaporizhzhia NPP |publisher=[[Charter 97]] |url=https://charter97.org/en/news/2022/8/20/512116/ }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=The West considers applying NATO's Article 5 in response to possible accident at Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant |work=[[Ukrainska Pravda]] |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2022/08/20/7364116/ |access-date=20 August 2022 }}</ref>

=== Russian annexations and occupation losses (6 September – 11 November 2022) ===
{{for timeline|Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (29 August – 11 November 2022)}}
[[File:2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine Phase 3 animated (cropped).gif|thumb|upright=1.5|Animated map of the Russian invasion from 5 September 2022 to 11 November 2022]]
On 6 September 2022, Ukrainian forces launched a surprise [[2022 Kharkiv counteroffensive|counteroffensive in the Kharkiv region]], beginning near [[Balakliia]], led by [[Oleksandr Syrskyi|General Syrskyi]].<ref name="RO">{{Cite report |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/Russian%20Operations%20Assessment%20September%206.pdf |title=Russian offensive campaign assessment, September 6 |last1=Hird |first1=Karolina |last2=Barros |first2=George |date=6 September 2022 |publisher=Institute for the Study of War |last3=Philipson |first3=Layne |last4=Kagan |first4=Frederick W. |access-date=10 September 2022 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|title=Oleksandr Syrskyi, o coronel-general que está a orquestrar a contraofensiva na Ucrânia |trans-title=Oleksandr Syrskyi, the Colonel General who is orchestrating the counter-offensive in Ukraine |url=https://observador.pt/2022/09/11/oleksandr-syrskyi-o-coronel-general-que-esta-a-orquestrar-a-contraofensiva-na-ucrania |website=[[Observador]] |language=pt }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Sauer |first1=Pjotr |last2=Koshiw |first2=Isobel |date=8 September 2022 |title=Ukraine launches surprise counterattack in Kharkiv region |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global/2022/sep/07/ukraine-launches-surprise-counterattack-kharkiv-region-russia |access-date=10 September 2022 }}</ref> An emboldened Kyiv launched a counteroffensive 12 September around Kharkiv, successful enough to make Russia admit losing key positions and for ''The New York Times'' to say that it dented the image of a "Mighty Putin." Kyiv sought more arms from the West to sustain the counteroffensive.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Troianovski |first=Anton |date=12 September 2022 |title=Retreat Dents Image of a Might Putin |edition=Late, New York |volume=59544 |page=1 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://static01.nyt.com/images/2022/09/12/nytfrontpage/scan.pdf }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Kramer |first1=Andrew |last2=Higgins |first2=Andrew |date=12 September 2022 |title=An Emboldened Kyiv Wants More Arms |edition=Late, New York |volume=59544 |page=1 |work=[[The New York Times]] |location=Kharkiv, Ukraine |url=https://static01.nyt.com/images/2022/09/12/nytfrontpage/scan.pdf }}</ref> On 21 September 2022, Vladimir Putin announced [[2022 Russian mobilization|a partial mobilisation]], and Minister of Defence [[Sergei Shoigu]] said 300,000 reservists would be called.<ref name="France 24 2022">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=21 September 2022 |title=Putin calls up reservists, warns Russia will use 'all means' for defence |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220921-putin-calls-up-reservists-warns-russia-will-use-all-means-for-defence |access-date=21 September 2022 |website=[[France 24]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Scott-Geddes |first=Arthur |date=21 September 2022 |title=Putin calls up 300,000 reservists in 'partial mobilisation' |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2022/09/21/putin-calls-300000-reservists-partial-mobilisation/ |access-date=21 September 2022 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=21 September 2022 |title=Russia calls up 300,000 reservists, says 6,000 soldiers killed in Ukraine |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-partial-mobilisation-will-see-300000-drafted-defence-minister-2022-09-21/ |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=[[Reuters]] }}</ref> He also said that his country would use "all means" to "defend itself." Mykhailo Podolyak, an adviser to Zelenskyy, said that the decision was predictable and that it was an attempt to justify "Russia's failures."<ref name="gazetapl 2022 pd">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=21 September 2022 |title=Ukraina odpowiada na orędzie Władimira Putina: Rosjanie dostali "prezent" |trans-title=Ukraine responds to Vladimir Putin's message: Russians got a "gift" |url=https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/wiadomosci/7,114881,28935390,ukraina-odpowiada-na-oredzie-wladimira-putina-rosjanie-dostali.html |access-date=21 September 2022 |website=gazetapl |language=pl }}</ref> British Foreign Office Minister Gillian Keegan called the situation an "escalation,"<ref name="Ellyatt 2022 esc">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Ellyatt |first=Holly |date=21 September 2022 |title=Russia's Putin announces partial military mobilization |work=[[CNBC]] |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/21/russia-ukraine-war-putin-announces-partial-military-mobilization.html |access-date=21 September 2022}}</ref> while former Mongolian president [[Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj]] accused Russia of using Russian Mongols as "cannon fodder."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=4 October 2022 |title='We're minor losses': Russia's mobilisation targets ethnic minorities |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=https://www.ft.com/content/ae06c532-e1ff-488a-b77c-cb93422d3dd7 |access-date=3 November 2022 }}</ref>

==== Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk, and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts ====
{{Main|Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk, and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts}}

In late September 2022, Russian-installed officials in Ukraine organised [[2022 annexation referendums in Russian-occupied Ukraine|referendums]] on the annexation of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic, as well as the Russian-appointed military administrations of Kherson Oblast and Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Denounced by Ukraine's government and allies as [[sham election]]s, official results showed overwhelming majorities in favour of annexation.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=27 September 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Russia claims win in occupied Ukraine 'sham' referendums |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63052207 |access-date=29 September 2022 }}</ref>

On 30 September 2022, Vladimir Putin announced the annexation of Ukraine's Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson, and Zaporizhzhia oblasts.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Berlinger |first1=Joshua |last2=Chernova |first2=Anna |last3=Lister |first3=Tim |date=30 September 2022 |title=Putin announces annexation of Ukrainian regions in defiance of international law |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/09/30/europe/putin-russia-ukraine-annexation-intl/index.html |access-date=26 January 2023 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|last=Speri |first=Alice |date=8 October 2022 |title=Will Putin Face Prosecution for the Crime of Aggression in Ukraine? |url=https://theintercept.com/2022/10/08/russia-putin-ukraine-war-crimes-accountability/ |access-date=26 January 2023 |website=[[The Intercept]] }}</ref> Ukraine, the United States, the European Union, and the United Nations all denounced the annexation as illegal.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Trevelyan |first=Mark |date=30 September 2022 |title=Putin declares annexation of Ukrainian lands in Kremlin ceremony |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/putin-declare-annexation-ukrainian-lands-major-escalation-war-2022-09-29/ |access-date=30 September 2022 }}</ref>

==== Kherson counteroffensive ====
{{Main|2022 Kherson counteroffensive|Liberation of Kherson}}

[[File:Volodymyr Zelenskyy took part in hoisting the State Flag of Ukraine in liberated Kherson. (52502054830).jpg|thumb|Ukrainian president [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]], participating in reraising the Ukrainian flag in Kherson a few days after [[Liberation of Kherson|the city's liberation]]]]
On 29 August, Zelenskyy announced the start of a full-scale counteroffensive in the southeast to retake Russian-occupied territory in the Kherson and Mykolaiv regions.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine's south is on the line as a major counteroffensive appears to be underway |work=[[NBC News]] |date=29 August 2022 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/ukraine-counteroffensive-russian-held-south-kherson-rcna45265 |access-date=31 August 2022 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=29 August 2022 |title=Ukraine says long-anticipated southern offensive has begun |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/ukraine-says-long-anticipated-southern-offensive-has-begun-2022-08-29/ |access-date=29 August 2022 |work=[[Reuters]] }}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|date=29 August 2022 |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, August 29 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-august-29 |access-date=31 August 2022 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] }}</ref> By 4 September, Ukrainian forces had retaken the village of [[Vysokopillia]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Asami |first=Terajima |date=4 September 2022 |title=Ukraine war latest: Ukraine liberates villages in south and east |work=[[The Kyiv Independent]] |url=https://kyivindependent.com/national/ukraine-war-latest-ukraine-liberates-villages-in-south-and-east |access-date=5 September 2022 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Gadzo |first1=Mersiha |last2=Ibrahim |first2=Arwa |date=4 September 2022 |title=Ukraine-Russia live 4 September 2022 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2022/9/4/ukraine-russia-live-updates-berlin-agrees-e65bn-inflation-relief }}</ref> Ukrainian attacks also continued along the southern frontline, though reports about territorial changes were largely unverifiable.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Dammers |first=Tobias |date=10 September 2022 |title=Gegenoffensive in Südukraine. "Je schneller vorbei, desto besser" |trans-title=Counteroffensive in southern Ukraine. "The quicker it's over, the better" |url=https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/mykolajiw-krieg-101.html |access-date=10 September 2022 |work=[[Tagesschau (German TV programme)|Tagesschau]] |language=de }}</ref>

In October, Ukrainian forces pushed further south towards the city of Kherson, taking control of {{convert|1170|km2|sqmi}}, with fighting extending to [[Dudchany]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Peter |first1=Laurence |last2=Murphy |first2=Matt |date=4 October 2022 |title=Ukraine makes breakthrough in south against Russia Published |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-63126156 |access-date=10 October 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=9 October 2022 |title=Ukraine says it recaptured 1,200 sq km of Kherson region in ongoing counteroffensive |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-says-it-recaptured-1200-sq-km-kherson-region-ongoing-counteroffensive-2022-10-09/ |access-date=10 October 2022 }}</ref> On 9 November, defence minister Shoigu ordered Russian forces to leave part of Kherson Oblast, including the city of [[Liberation of Kherson|Kherson]], and move to the eastern bank of the Dnieper.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Beaumont |first1=Peter |last2=Sauer |first2=Pjotr |date=9 November 2022 |title=Russian troops ordered to retreat from Kherson in face of Ukrainian advance |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/09/russians-destroy-dnieper-bridges-to-slow-ukraine-advance-on-kherson |access-date=10 November 2022 }}</ref> On 11 November, Ukrainian troops entered Kherson as Russia completed its withdrawal. This meant that Russian forces no longer had a foothold on the west bank of the Dnieper.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Kramer |first1=Andrew E. |last2=Santora |first2=Marc |date=11 November 2022 |title=Russia-Ukraine War: Zelensky Hails 'Historic Day' as Ukrainian Troops Enter Kherson |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/11/11/world/ukraine-war-news-russia-updates |access-date=11 November 2022 |issn=0362-4331 }}</ref>

==== Kharkiv counteroffensive ====
{{Main|2022 Kharkiv counteroffensive}}

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Ukrainian forces launched another surprise counteroffensive on 6 September in the Kharkiv Oblast near [[Balakliia]] led by General Syrskyi.<ref name="RO"/> By 7 September, Ukrainian forces had advanced {{convert|20|km}} into Russian-occupied territory and claimed to have recaptured approximately {{convert|400|km2}}. Russian commentators said this was likely due to the relocation of Russian forces to Kherson.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Hird |first1=Karolina |last2=Mappes |first2=Grace |last3=Barros |first3=George |last4=Philipson |first4=Layne |last5=Clark |first5=Mason |date=7 September 2022 |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 7 |url=https://understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-september-7 |access-date=10 September 2022 |publisher=Institute for the Study of War |via=understandingwar.org }}</ref> On 8 September, Ukrainian forces captured Balakliia and advanced to within {{convert|15|km}} of [[Kupiansk]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Stepanenko |first1=Kateryna |last2=Mappes |first2=Grace |last3=Barros |first3=George |last4=Philipson |first4=Layne |last5=Clark |first5=Mason |date=8 September 2022 |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 8 |url=https://understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-september-8 |access-date=10 September 2022 |publisher=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |via=understandingwar.org }}</ref> Military analysts said Ukrainian forces appeared to be moving towards Kupiansk, a major railway hub, with the aim of cutting off the Russian forces at Izium from the north.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Santora |first1=Marc |last2=Nechepurenko |first2=Ivan |last3=Hernandez |first3=Marco |date=9 September 2022 |title=Ukraine Attacks Russia Along Northern Front, Swiftly Making Gains |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/09/world/europe/ukraine-russia-kharkiv.html |access-date=10 September 2022 }}</ref>

On 9 September, the [[Russian occupation of Kharkiv Oblast|Russian occupation administration of Kharkiv Oblast]] announced it would "evacuate" the civilian populations of Izium, Kupiansk and [[Velykyi Burluk]]. The [[Institute for the Study of War]] (ISW) said it believed Kupiansk would likely fall in the next 72 hours,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Osterman |first=Cynthia |date=9 September 2022 |title=Ukraine retakes settlements in Kharkiv advance – Russian-installed official |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/civilians-being-evacuated-russian-held-kharkiv-region-towns-russian-installed-2022-09-09/ |access-date=10 September 2022}}</ref> while Russian reserve units were sent to the area by both road and helicopter.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Lister |first1=Tim |last2=Kesaieva |first2=Julia |last3=Pennington |first3=Josh |date=9 September 2022 |title=Russia sends reinforcements to Kharkiv as Ukrainians advance |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/09/10/europe/ukraine-kharkiv-advances-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=10 September 2022 }}</ref> On the morning of 10 September, photos emerged claiming to depict Ukrainian troops raising the Ukrainian flag in the centre of Kupiansk,<ref name="kupiansk-euromaidanpress">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=10 September 2022 |title=Ukrainian troops liberate Kupiansk, Kharkiv oblast – media |work=[[Euromaidan Press]] |url=https://euromaidanpress.com/2022/09/10/ukrainian-troops-liberate-kupiansk-kharkiv-oblast-media/ |access-date=10 September 2022 }}</ref> and the ISW said Ukrainian forces had captured approximately {{convert|2500|sqkm}}.<ref name="isw20220909">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 9 |url=https://www.iswresearch.org/2022/09/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment_10.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910102731/https://www.iswresearch.org/2022/09/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment_10.html |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=10 September 2022}}</ref> Reuters reported that Russian positions in northeast Ukraine had "collapsed" in the face of the Ukrainian assault, with Russian forces forced to withdraw from their base at Izium after being cut off by the capture of Kupiansk.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Hunder |first1=Max |last2=Hnidyi |first2=Vitalii |date=10 September 2022 |title=Russian grip on northeast Ukraine collapses after Kyiv severs supply line |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-troops-raise-flag-over-railway-hub-advance-threatens-turn-into-rout-2022-09-10/ |access-date=10 September 2022 }}</ref>

By 15 September, an assessment by the [[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|UK Ministry of Defence]] confirmed that Russia had either lost or withdrawn from almost all of their positions west of the [[Oskil (river)|Oskil River]], abandoning high-value military assets.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=15 September 2022 |title=Ukraine continues to consolidate its control in Kharkiv area, UK says |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-continues-consolidate-its-control-kharkiv-area-uk-says-2022-09-15/ }}</ref> The offensive continued pushing east, and by 1 October, Ukrainian forces [[second battle of Lyman|had liberated Lyman]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Balmforth |first1=Tom |last2=Polityuk |first2=Pavel |date=1 October 2022 |title=Ukraine troops say they take key town, Putin ally mulls possible nuclear response |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-encircles-russian-forces-around-lyman-stronghold-military-2022-10-01/ |access-date=10 October 2022 }}</ref>

=== Winter stalemate, attrition campaign and first military surge (12 November 2022 – 7 June 2023) ===
{{further|Russian winter offensive in Ukraine (2022–2023)|Battle of Vuhledar|Battle of Marinka (2022–2023)|Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (12 November 2022 – 7 June 2023)}}
After the end of the twin Ukrainian counteroffensives, the fighting was semi-deadlocked during the winter,<ref name="TakesStock">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=8 April 2023 |title=Russia takes stock after winter offensive fails to deliver gains |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2023/04/08/russia-takes-stock-after-winter-offensive-fails-to-deliver-gains-a80762 |work=[[The Moscow Times]] |agency=[[Agence France-Press|AFP]] | access-date=26 April 2023}}</ref> with heavy casualties but reduced motion of the frontline.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Trofimov |first=Yaroslav |title=Ukraine, Russia Gird for a Decisive Spring Campaign After a Bloody Winter |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=13 March 2023 |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ukraine-russia-gird-for-a-decisive-spring-campaign-after-a-bloody-winter-a3beef16 |access-date=26 April 2023 }}</ref> Russia launched a self-proclaimed winter offensive in eastern Ukraine, but the campaign stalled with limited gains.<ref name="TakesStock"/><ref name="aground">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Holder |first1=Josh |last2=Hernandez |first2=Marco |date=6 April 2023 |title=How Russia's Offensive Ran Aground |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/04/06/world/europe/russia-offensive-maps.html |access-date=26 April 2023 |issn=0362-4331 }}</ref> Analysts blamed the failure on Russia's lack of "trained men" and supply problems with artillery ammunition, among other problems.<ref name=TakesStock/><ref name="aground"/> Near the end of May, [[Mark Galeotti]] assessed that "after Russia's abortive and ill-conceived winter offensive, which squandered its opportunity to consolidate its forces, Ukraine is in a relatively strong position."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Galeotti |first=Mark |author-link=Mark Galeotti |date=24 May 2023 |title=Ukraine's next move: can Putin be outsmarted? |url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/ukraines-next-move-can-putin-be-outsmarted/ |access-date=25 May 2023 |website=[[The Spectator]] }}</ref>

On 7 February, ''The New York Times'' reported that Russians had newly mobilised nearly 200,000 soldiers to participate in the offensive in the Donbas.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Schwirtz |first1=Michael |last2=Addario |first2=Lynsey |date=6 February 2023 |title=Outnumbered and Worn Out, Ukrainians in East Brace for Russian Assault |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/06/world/europe/ukraine-russia-offensive.html |access-date=25 March 2023 |issn=0362-4331 }}</ref> The Russian private military company Wagner Group took on greater prominence in the war,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=13 January 2023 |title=The success of Russia's mercenary group says something about Putin's war |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/wagner-mercenary-group-russia-putin-b2261201.html |work=[[The Independent]] |access-date=26 April 2023 }}</ref> leading "grinding advances" in [[Battle of Bakhmut|Bakhmut]] with tens of thousands of recruits from [[Penal military unit|prison battalions]] taking part in "near suicidal" assaults on Ukrainian positions.<ref name="aground"/>

In late January 2023, fighting intensified in southern Zaporizhzhia Oblast, with both sides suffering heavy casualties.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Grove |first=Thomas |date=24 January 2023 |title=Fighting Intensifies in Southern Ukraine |page=A6 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}
^{{#invoke:cite|news|date=22 January 2023 |title=Ukraine Latest: Russia Makes 'Incremental Gains' Around Bakhmut |work=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-01-22/ukraine-latest-russia-makes-incremental-gains-around-bakhmut |access-date=17 June 2023 }}</ref> In nearby southern parts of Donetsk Oblast, an [[Battle of Vuhledar|intense, three-week Russian assault]] near the coal-mining town of [[Vuhledar]] was called the largest tank battle of the war to date and ended in disaster for Russian forces, who lost "at least 130 tanks and armored personnel carriers," according to Ukrainian commanders. The [[British Ministry of Defence]] stated that "a whole Russian brigade was effectively annihilated."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Santora |first=Marc |date=16 February 2023 |title=Moscow's Military Capabilities Are in Question After Failed Battle for Ukrainian City |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/15/world/europe/russia-military-vuhledar-ukraine.html |access-date=26 April 2023 |issn=0362-4331 }}</ref><ref name="TankKramer">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Kramer |first=Andrew E. |date=1 March 2023 |title=How Russia Lost an Epic Tank Battle, Repeating Earlier Mistakes |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/01/world/europe/ukraine-russia-tanks.html |access-date=26 April 2023 |issn=0362-4331 }}</ref>

In late 2022, as Russian casualties exceeded 50,000, the Russian army introduced [[barrier troops]]. The UK defence ministry stated that these are units that threaten to shoot their own retreating soldiers to compel offensives. In March 2023, Russian soldiers filmed a video addressed to Putin where they stated that after suffering casualties, they attempted to return to their headquarters, but their superiors denied them evacuation, and barrier troops were placed behind them, threatening to "destroy them".<ref name="Sauer 2023 a785">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Sauer |first=Pjotr |title=Russian soldiers say commanders used 'barrier troops' to stop them retreating |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=27 March 2023 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/mar/27/russian-soldiers-commanders-used-barrier-troops-stop-retreating |access-date=25 January 2024 }}</ref> In particular, [[Storm-Z]] units have been reported to be "kept in line" by barrier troops.<ref name="Axe 2024 h250">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Axe |first=David |title='They're Just Choosing Where To Die.' When Russia's Poorly-Trained Stormtroopers Retreat, Russian Barrier Troops Gun Them Down. |website=[[Forbes]] |date=18 January 2024 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2024/01/18/theyre-just-choosing-where-to-die-when-russias-poorly-trained-stormtroopers-retreat-russian-barrier-troops-gun-them-down/?sh=1b63e48d75a0 |access-date=25 January 2024 }}</ref>

=== Battle of Bakhmut ===
{{Main|Battle of Bakhmut}}

[[File:Bakhmut during the battle (2023-04-05), frame 16531.jpg|thumb|right|View of western Bakhmut during the battle, 5 April 2023]]
Following defeat in Kherson and Kharkiv, Russian and Wagner forces focused on taking Bakhmut and breaking the half-year-long stalemate there since the start of the war. Russian forces sought to encircle the city, attacking from the north via [[Soledar]]. After taking heavy casualties, Russian and Wagner forces [[Battle of Soledar|took control of Soledar]] on 16 January 2023.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=15 January 2023 |title=Ukrainian military source: Russia controls administrative territory of Soledar |url=https://kyivindependent.com/news-feed/ukrainian-military-source |access-date=16 January 2023 |work=[[The Kyiv Independent]] }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Ukraine confirms that Russia has taken control of disputed town of Soledar|url=https://www.news360.es/usa/2023/01/16/ukraine-confirms-that-russia-has-taken-control-of-disputed-town-of-soledar/|access-date=29 November 2025|website=news360.es |date=16 January 2023 }}</ref> By early February 2023, Bakhmut was facing attacks from north, south, and east, with the sole Ukrainian supply lines coming from [[Chasiv Yar]] to the west.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=1 February 2023 |title=Russia Pours Fighters Into Battle for Bakhmut |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/01/31/world/russia-ukraine-news |url-access=subscription }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Guerin |first=Orla |date=8 February 2023 |title=Ukraine war: Borrowed time for Bakhmut as Russians close in |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64523029 |access-date=10 February 2023 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Engel |first=Richard |date=9 February 2023 |title=Ukraine's defiant city struggles to hold out as Russia pushes for a bloody victory |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/bakhmut-ukraine-surrounded-russia-offensive-rcna69651 |access-date=10 February 2023 |work=[[CBS News]] }}</ref>

On 4 March, Bakhmut's deputy mayor told news services that there was street fighting in the city.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=4 March 2023 |title=Bakhmut: Fighting in the street but Russia not in control – deputy mayor |publisher=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64846666 |access-date=4 March 2023}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Badshah |first1=Nadeem |last2=Clinton |first2=Jane |last3=Gerts |first3=Mark |date=4 March 2023 |title=As it happened: street fighting in Bakhmut as battle rages for control of the city |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2023/mar/04/russia-ukraine-war-live-ukraine-fortifying-bakhmut-as-russian-encirclement-looms |access-date=4 March 2023 |issn=0261-3077 }}</ref> On 20 May 2023, the Wagner Group claimed full control over Bakhmut, and a victory in the battle was officially declared by Russia the next day,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/kremlin%E2%80%99s-pyrrhic-victory-bakhmut-retrospective-battle-bakhmut |date=24 May 2023 |work=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |title=The Kremlin's Pyrrhic Victory in Bakhmut: A Retrospective on the Battle for Bakhmut |first=Kateryna |last=Stepanenko }}</ref> following which Wagner forces retreated from the city and were replaced by regular Russian units.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Bailey |first1=Riley |last2=Mappes |first2=Grace |last3=Hird |first3=Karolina |last4=Kagan |first4=Frederick W. |name-list-style=and |date=3 June 2023 |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, June 3, 2023 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-june-3-2023 |work=Institute for the Study of War }}</ref>

===2023 Ukrainian counteroffensives (8 June 2023 – 1 December 2023)===
{{For-multi|a chronological guide|Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (8 June 2023 – 31 August 2023)|and|Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 September – 30 November 2023)}}
{{Further|2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive}}
[[File:Flood in Kherson Oblast, 2023-06-10.jpg|thumb|Flood in [[Kherson Oblast]] on 10 June 2023 caused by the [[destruction of the Kakhovka Dam]] 4 days earlier]]

In June 2023, Ukrainian forces launched counteroffensives on multiple fronts.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russia-Ukraine war updates: Russian missiles strike Zelenskyy's hometown |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/live-updates/russia-ukraine-war/?id=99926452 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |first1=Tom Soufi |last1=Burridge |first2=Oleksiy |last2=Pshemyskiy |first3=Yulia |last3=Drozd |first4=Nadine |last4=El-Bawab |first5=Kevin |last5=Shalvey |date=27 June 2023 |access-date=7 June 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=8 June 2023 |title=Ukraine launches counteroffensive against Russia|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/ukraine-launches-counteroffensive-russia-zaporizhzhia-rcna88332 |first1=Raf |last1=Sanchez |first2=Anastasiia |last2=Parafeniuk |first3=Bill |last3=O'Reilly |work=[[NBC News]] }}</ref> Efforts faced stiff Russian resistance.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=9 June 2023|title=Ukraine counteroffensive ramps up, but meets stiff Russian resistance|first=Jamie|last=Dettmer|work=[[Politico]]|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/ukraine-russia-war-counteroffensive-ramps-up-but-meets-stiff-russian-resistance/}}</ref> By 12 June, Ukraine reported advances and liberated settlements.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Balmforth |first=Tom |title=Ukraine claims new gains in early phase of counteroffensive |work=[[Reuters]] |date=12 June 2023 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-reports-small-gains-early-stages-counteroffensive-2023-06-12/ }}</ref> On 24 June, the [[Wagner Group rebellion]] briefly unfolded before a peace deal.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=25 June 2023 |title=Russian mercenaries' short-lived revolt could have long-term consequences for Putin |work=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-wagner-prigozhin-belarus-deal-6782455ddc4234816bfb2d7d388d8a9a }}</ref> In late June, Ukraine reclaimed territory in Donbas and made gains in Kherson Oblast.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine in maps: Tracking the war with Russia |work=[[BBC News]] |date=1 July 2023 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60506682 }}</ref>
Russia heavily mined areas, making Ukraine the most mined country in the world.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=13 August 2023 |first=Daniel|last=Boffey|title=Ukraine desperate for help clearing mines, says defence minister |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/aug/13/ukraine-desperate-for-help-clearing-mines-says-defence-minister |work=[[The Guardian]] }}</ref> Following Russia leaving the Black Sea Grain Initiative, Ukraine targeted Russian ships.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=13 September 2023 |title=Ukraine hits Russian naval targets in major Crimea attack |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-launches-missile-attack-sevastopol-crimea-russian-installed-governor-2023-09-13/ }}</ref> In September 2023, Russian strikes hit Ukrainian energy facilities.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=21 September 2023 |title=As Russia hits Ukraine's energy facilities with a deadly missile attack, fear mounts over nuclear plants |work=[[CBS News]] }}</ref> The US announced sending long-range ATACMS missiles<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine to receive US long-range ATACMS missiles, US media report |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]}}</ref>, and Ukraine struck the Sevastopol naval base.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Stern |first=David L. |date=22 September 2023 |title=Ukraine hits headquarters of Russia's Black Sea Fleet in Sevastopol |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |issn=0190-8286 }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Kilner |first=James |date=23 September 2023 |title=Russian commanders killed in Storm Shadow missile strike |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issn=0307-1235}}</ref>

In October–December 2023, Ukrainian forces crossed the [[Dnipro River]] despite heavy losses. On 1 December 2023, Zelenskyy stated that the Ukrainian counter-offensive was unsuccessful.<ref name="failedTelegraph"/> In December 2023, media outlets described the Ukrainian counteroffensive as having failed to regain significant territory or meet any of its objectives.<ref name="failedTelegraph">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Page |first=Lewis |date=12 November 2023 |title=Ukraine's counteroffensive has failed — here's why |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2023/11/12/ukraine-counteroffensive-failed-russia-putin-war-plan/ |access-date=12 December 2023 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] }}</ref><ref name="failedNYT">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Cooper |first1=Helene |last2=Schmitt |first2=Eric |date=11 December 2023 |title=U.S. and Ukraine Seek New Strategy for War's Next Phase |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/11/us/politics/us-ukraine-war-strategy.html |access-date=12 December 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] }}</ref><ref name="failedWPT1">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Jaffe |first1=Greg |last2=Ryan |first2=Missy |date=4 December 2023 |title=Ukraine's counteroffensive stalls amid Russian defenses |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/12/04/ukraine-counteroffensive-stalled-russia-war-defenses/ |access-date=12 December 2023 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] }}</ref>

===Battle of Avdiivka===
{{main|Battle of Avdiivka (2023–2024)}}

{{For-multi|a chronological guide|Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 December 2023 – 31 March 2024)|}}
[[File:Avdiivka after Russian bombing, 2023-05-23 (01).jpg|thumb|Residential buildings damaged by Russian strikes in [[Avdiivka]] during [[Battle of Avdiivka (2023–2024)|fighting over the city]] in May 2023]]
In October 2023, it was reported that there were growing mutinies among Russian troops due to the extensive losses in Russian offensives around [[Avdiivka]], with a lack of artillery, food, and water being reported as well as poor command.<ref name="Cole 2023 r879">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Cole |first=Brendan |title=Mutiny is brewing in the Russian army |work=[[Newsweek]] |date=26 October 2023 |url=https://www.newsweek.com/russia-ukraine-avdiivka-astra-army-1838107 |access-date=27 October 2023}}</ref> By November, British intelligence said that recent weeks had "likely seen some of the highest Russian casualty rates of the war so far."<ref name="France 24 2023 a290">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russia ramping up attacks in eastern Ukrainian town of Avdiivka |website=France 24 |date=29 November 2023 |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20231129-russia-ramping-up-attacks-in-donetsk-region |access-date=12 December 2023}}</ref>

On 17 February 2024, [[Battle of Avdiivka (2023–2024)|Russia captured Avdiivka]], a longtime stronghold for Ukraine that had been described as a "gateway" to nearby [[Donetsk]].<ref name="Avdiivka_BBCW">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Lukiv |first=Jaroslav |date=17 February 2024 |title=Avdiivka: Ukraine troops leaving embattled eastern town |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68323366 |access-date=17 February 2024 |website=BBC News |archive-date=17 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217011141/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68323366 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Avdiivka_TGW">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Walker |first=Shaun |date=17 February 2024 |title=Ukrainian forces withdraw from Avdiivka to avoid encirclement, army chief says |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/feb/16/ukrainian-forces-give-up-some-positions-in-avdiivka-as-russian-assault-continues |access-date=17 February 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=17 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217014538/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/feb/16/ukrainian-forces-give-up-some-positions-in-avdiivka-as-russian-assault-continues |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=17Feb24NYT>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/17/world/europe/ukraine-avdiivka-withdraw-despair.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=17 February 2024 |title=Avdiivka, Longtime Stronghold for Ukraine, Falls to Russians |access-date=17 February 2024 |archive-date=17 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217142646/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/17/world/europe/ukraine-avdiivka-withdraw-despair.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Described by ''Forbes'' journalist David Axe as a pyrrhic Russian victory, the Russian 2nd and 41st Combined Arms Armies ended up with 16,000 men killed, tens of thousands wounded, and around 700 vehicles lost.<ref name="Axe 2024 u665">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Axe |first=David |title=Russian Regiments Collide With Ukraine's Rebuilt Defensive Line—And Lose 80 Vehicles In One Day |website=[[Forbes]] |date=8 March 2024 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2024/03/08/the-russians-usually-lose-20-armored-vehicles-a-day-around-march-1-they-lost-more-than-80/?sh=7a8a40b63f66 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref>

Ukraine's shortage of ammunition caused by political deadlock in the US Congress and a lack of production capacity in Europe contributed to the Ukrainian withdrawal from Avdiivka and was "being felt across the front," according to ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''. The shortage resulted in Ukraine having to ration its units to fire only 2,000 rounds per day, compared to an estimated 10,000 rounds fired daily by Russia.<ref name="Watling 2024 x516">{{cite magazine |last=Watling |first=Jack |title=The Peril of Ukraine's Ammo Shortage |magazine=Time |date=19 February 2024 |url=https://time.com/6694885/ukraine-russia-ammunition/ |access-date=19 April 2024}}</ref>

=== Russian offensives and Ukrainian incursion (April 2024 – present) ===
{{See also|Eastern front of the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)#Russian general offensive (April 2024–present)}}
{{For-multi|a chronological guide|Timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war (1 April – 31 July 2024)|and|Timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war (1 August – 31 December 2024)|and|Timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war (1 January 2025 – 31 May 2025)|and|Timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war (1 June 2025 – 31 August 2025)|and|Timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war (1 September 2025 – 31 December 2025)|and|Timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war (1 January 2026 – 31 May 2026)|and|Timeline of the Russo-Ukrainian war (1 June 2026 – present)}}

====2024 Russian spring and summer offensives====
{{main|Battle of Ocheretyne|2024 northern Kharkiv offensive}}

[[File:2024-09-05 - Presidential Brigade UAF - Vovchansk 05.jpg|thumb|The ruins of [[Vovchansk]] following Russia's [[2024 Kharkiv offensive]]]]

On 10 May 2024, Russia began a [[Northern Kharkiv front of the Russo-Ukrainian War (2024–present)|renewed offensive]] in [[Kharkiv Oblast]]. Russia captured a dozen villages; Ukraine had evacuated more than 11,000 people from the region since the start of the offensive by 25 May. Ukraine said on 17 May that its forces had slowed the Russian advance, and by 25 May Zelenskyy said that Ukrainian forces had secured "combat control" of areas where Russian troops entered the northeastern Kharkiv Oblast. Russian officials said that they were "advancing in every direction" and that the goal was to create a "buffer zone" for embattled border regions.<ref name="c973">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Kullab |first1=Samya |last2=Morton |first2=Elise |name-list-style=and |date=25 May 2024 |title=Zelenskyy says Ukraine has taken back control in areas of Kharkiv region, aerial attacks continue |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-kharkiv-offensive-f05456d648a341970ce446c35fa69173 |access-date=7 June 2024 |website=AP News}}</ref><ref name="k589">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Mayer |first1=Daryna |last2=Talmazan |first2=Yuliya |name-list-style=and |date=17 May 2024 |title=Ukraine halts Russia's advance and unleashes a wave of drones on Crimea |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/ukraine-stabilized-kharkiv-russia-offensive-crimea-drone-attack-power-rcna152717 |access-date=7 June 2024 |website=NBC News}}</ref> The White House said on 7 June that the offensive had stalled and was unlikely to advance further.<ref name="k069">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Dress |first=Brad |title=US says Russia's advance on Kharkiv is 'all but over' |website=The Hill |date=7 June 2024 |url=https://thehill.com/policy/defense/4710848-white-house-russia-advance-ukraine-kharkiv-region-stalled/ |access-date=12 June 2024}}</ref>

Following the battle of Avdiivka, Russian forces advanced northwest to form a salient, [[Battle of Ocheretyne|capturing Ocheretyne]] in late April.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2024/04/24/russia-advances-5-miles-after-error-by-ukraine-forces/ |title=Russian troops advance five miles after Ukrainians left front line unmanned |work=The Telegraph |date=24 April 2024 |first=Joe |last=Barnes}}</ref><ref name="ISW 2024-05-04">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, May 4, 2024 |last1=Harward |first1=Christina |last2=Evans |first2=Angelica |last3=Stepanenko |first3=Kateryna |last4=Kagan |first4=Frederick W. |work=Institute for the Study of War |date=4 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-may-4-2024}}</ref> Russian forces also launched an [[Battle of Chasiv Yar|offensive towards Chasiv Yar]] in early April,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://euromaidanpress.com/2024/04/07/frontline-report-ukrainian-troops-in-chasiv-yar-face-extensive-bombing-and-numerous-attacks/ |title=Frontline report: Ukrainian troops in Chasiv Yar face extensive bombing and numerous attacks |work=Euromaidan Press |date=7 April 2024}}</ref> and by early July had captured its easternmost district.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/4/ukraine-army-retreats-from-part-of-strategic-chasiv-yar-as-russia-advances |title=Ukraine army retreats from part of strategic Chasiv Yar as Russia advances |date=4 July 2024 |work=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-says-it-took-control-district-chasiv-yar-ukraine-2024-07-03/ |title=Russia claims control of part of Chasiv Yar, Ukraine reports heavy fighting |date=4 July 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Another [[Battle of Toretsk|offensive]] towards [[Toretsk]] was launched on 18 June,<ref name="ISW 2024-07-18">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, July 18, 2024 |last1=Stepanenko |first1=Kateryna |last2=Evans |first2=Angelica |last3=Hird |first3=Karolina |last4=Harward |first4=Christina |last5=Barros |first5=George |work=Institute for the Study of War |date=18 July 2024 |access-date=19 July 2024 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-july-18-2024}}</ref> with the goal of capturing the city,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.kyivpost.com/post/35449 |date=7 July 2024 |title=Russians Advance on Toretsk, Ukrainian Troops Battle on Town's Approaches |work=Kyiv Post |first=Julia |last=Struck}}</ref> and according to Ukrainian military observer Nazar Voloshyn, flanking Chasiv Yar from the south.<ref name="ISW 2024-06-21">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, June 21, 2024 |last1=Evans |first1=Angelica |last2=Wolkov |first2=Nicole |last3=Harward |first3=Christina |last4=Hird |first4=Karolina |last5=Barros |first5=George |work=Institute for the Study of War |date=21 June 2024 |access-date=13 July 2024 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-june-21-2024}}</ref> Russian forces expanded the salient northwest of Avdiivka in July, and, on 19 July 2024, made a breakthrough to [[Pokrovsk offensive|advance towards]] the operationally significant city of [[Pokrovsk]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|work=[[Meduza (website)|Meduza]] |date=26 July 2024 |title=The fall of Prohres : A new Russian breakthrough threatens Ukraine's supply lines at the most vulnerable part of the front |url=https://meduza.io/en/feature/2024/07/26/the-fall-of-prohres}}</ref><ref name="ISW 2024-07-19">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, July 19, 2024 |last1=Bailey |first1=Riley |last2=Evans |first2=Angelica |last3=Wolkov |first3=Nicole |last4=Harward |first4=Christina |last5=Barros |first5=George |last6=Gasparyan |first6=Davit |work=Institute for the Study of War |date=19 July 2024 |access-date=19 July 2024 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-july-19-2024}}</ref>

====Ukrainian offensive into Russia====
{{main|Kursk campaign}}

[[File:The 80th Air Assault Brigade captured a T-90M Proryv tank in the Kursk region.jpg|thumb|Ukrainian soldiers in [[Kursk Oblast]] in August 2024]]

On 6 August 2024, Ukraine launched their first direct offensive into Russian territory, the largest of any pro-Ukrainian incursion since the invasion's inception, into the bordering [[Kursk Oblast]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|work=[[The New York Times]] |date=7 August 2024 |first=Constant |last=Méheut |title=Ukraine Launches Rare Cross-Border Ground Assault Into Russia |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/07/world/europe/ukraine-russia-cross-border-assault.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808025204/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/07/world/europe/ukraine-russia-cross-border-assault.html |archive-date=8 August 2024}}</ref> The main axis of the initial advance centred in the direction of [[Sudzha]], {{convert|10|km}} from the border,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-brings-war-back-to-russian-soil-with-unprecedented-attack-on-kursk-oblast/ |work=[[Kyiv Independent]] |first=Francis |last=Farrell |date=8 August 2024 |title=Ukraine's unprecedented attack on Kursk Oblast brings war back to Russian soil}}</ref> which was reported by President Zelenskyy to have been captured on 15 August.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|work=[[The New York Times]] |date=15 August 2024 |first=Constant |last=Méheut |title=Ukraine Captures Russian Town, Zelensky Says |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/15/world/europe/russia-ukraine-airfields-kursk.html}}</ref> Ukraine, taking advantage of the lack of experienced units and defences along the border with Kursk Oblast, quickly seized territory in the opening days of the incursion.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|work=[[Associated Press]] |date=16 August 2024 |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-kursk-incursion-putin-1178b99b32b476816db3a48ffa06b11a |title=Ukraine's swift push into the Kursk region shocked Russia and exposed its vulnerabilities}}</ref> The incursion caused Russia to divert thousands of troops from occupied Ukrainian territory.<ref name="k052">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Lister |first1=Tim |last2=Brennan |first2=Eve |last3=Goodwin |first3=Allegra |title=How Ukraine turned the war on its head with surprise attack on southern Russia |website=CNN |date=17 August 2024 |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/08/17/europe/ukraine-kursk-russia-attack-explainer-intl/index.html |access-date=18 August 2024}}</ref><ref name="wapo831">{{#invoke:cite|news|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |title=Ukraine's gamble in Russia has yet to slow Moscow's eastern assault |date=31 August 2024 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/08/31/ukraine-russia-kursk-pokrovsk-sysrky/ |first1=Siobhán |last1=O'Grady |first2=Tetiana |last2=Burianova |first3=Serhiy |last3=Morgunov|name-list-style=and}}</ref>

Despite repeated deadlines set by Putin during 2024 to push out Ukrainian troops, Russian forces had not done so by the end of January 2025, with advances in Donetsk Oblast being prioritised over the Kursk salient. However, by the summer of 2025, Ukrainian forces had been mostly repelled from the area.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news| last1=O'Grady |first1=Siobhán |last2=Ebel |first2=Francesca |last3=Khudov |first3=Kostiantyn |last4=Morgunov |first4=Serhiy |last5=Korolchuk |first5=Serhii |date=11 August 2025 |title=Ukraine invaded Russia, seizing land it hoped to trade. It couldn't hold on. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2025/08/11/ukraine-war-kursk-invasion-russia/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=18 December 2025 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref>

====Late 2024 – early 2026 Russian advances====
{{main|Velyka Novosilka offensive|Battle of Kurakhove|Battle of Toretsk|Pokrovsk offensive|Kupiansk offensive|Northeast Donetsk Oblast campaign|Battle of Chasiv Yar}}

[[File:2024-07-04 - 24 OMBr ZSU - Chasiv Yar - 03.jpg|thumb|Destruction during the [[Battle of Chasiv Yar]]]]
[[File:2024- Russian drones launched against Ukraine.svg |thumb|Use of Russian drones (unmanned aerial vehicles) increased about tenfold from early 2024 through summer 2025.<ref name=NYTimes_20250908>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Johnson |first1=Lizzie |last2=Korolchuk |first2=Serhii |last3=Galouchka |first3=Anastacia |last4=Khudov |first4=Kostiantyn |last5=Ram |first5=Ed |last6=Chen |first6=Yutao |last7=Ledur |first7=Júlia |last8=Sand |first8=Bishop |title=Russia bombs Ukraine almost every night. This is what it sounds like. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2025/ukraine-bombing-sounds-war-sirens-russia/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=8 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250909004516/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/interactive/2025/ukraine-bombing-sounds-war-sirens-russia/ |archive-date=9 September 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref>]]
Russian troops continued advancing in eastern Ukraine at a faster pace than prior to the Kursk offensive,<ref name=Miller>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Volodymyr Zelenskyy faces backlash over Russia's breach of eastern defences |website=FT |date=30 August 2024 |last1=Miller |first1=Christopher |url=https://www.ft.com/content/e63ce931-d3a1-4b4a-8540-e578d87873e5 |access-date=31 August 2024 |archive-date=31 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240831121654/https://www.ft.com/content/e63ce931-d3a1-4b4a-8540-e578d87873e5 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription}}</ref> including towards the operationally important city of [[Pokrovsk]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=22 August 2024 |first1=Isabelle |last1=Khurshudyan |first2=Anastacia |last3=Morgunov |last2=Galouchka |first3=Serhiy |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/08/22/ukraine-kursk-pokrovsk-russia-views/ |title=Ukrainians cheer push into Russia but fear it comes at the cost of the east|name-list-style=and}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|newspaper=[[The Economist]] |url=https://www.economist.com/europe/2024/08/22/the-kremlin-is-close-to-crushing-pokrovsk-a-vital-ukrainian-town |title=The Kremlin is close to crushing Pokrovsk, a vital Ukrainian town |date=22 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|work=[[Associated Press]] |date=22 August 2024 |title=Moscow sees one of Ukraine's largest drone attacks as fighting rages in Kursk and eastern Ukraine |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-829eac0d80851258f03d8d9cbaf71eea |quote=The gains in Kursk come as Ukraine continues to lose ground in the eastern industrial region of Donbas.}}</ref>

In late August 2024, Russian forces seized [[Novohrodivka]], southeast of Pokrovsk,<ref name=Miller/> while [[Battle of Krasnohorivka|capturing Krasnohorivka]]<ref name="ISW 2024-09-10">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 10, 2024 |last1=Hird |first1=Karolina |last2=Evans |first2=Angelica |last3=Wolkov |first3=Nicole |last4=Mappes |first4=Grace |last5=Zehrung |first5=Haley |work=Institute for the Study of War |date=10 September 2024 |access-date=10 September 2024 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-september-10-2024 |quote=Geolocated footage posted on September 9 indicates that Russian forces seized Krasnohorivka [...] The Russian MoD also claimed that Russian forces seized Krasnohorivka, consistent with the available geolocated evidence.}}</ref> and [[Ukrainsk]]<ref name="NYT918"/> in early September.<ref name="NYT918">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Méheut |first=Constant |date=18 September 2024 |title=Russia Seizes Eastern Town as Ukraine Says It Hit a Big Ammunition Depot |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/18/world/europe/ukraine-russia-strikes.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918104436/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/18/world/europe/ukraine-russia-strikes.html/ |archive-date=18 September 2024 |access-date=18 September 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> In late September, a Russian assault on the long-held city of [[Battle of Vuhledar|Vuhledar began]];<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|work=[[Reuters]] |title=Russian forces storming east Ukrainian town of Vuhledar, bloggers and media say |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russian-forces-storming-ukrainian-town-vuhledar-bloggers-media-say-2024-09-24/ |date=24 September 2024 }}</ref> after it fell on 1 October, the city with a pre-war population of about 14,000 was described as a "sprawling ruin."<ref name="vuhledar101">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Kilner |first=James |date=1 October 2024 |title=Russia secures biggest victory since February as it captures Ukrainian stronghold |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2024/10/01/russias-biggest-victory-since-february-ukrainian-stronghold/ |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] }}</ref><ref name="j026">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Harding |first=Luke |title=Ukraine says its forces have withdrawn from defensive bastion of Vuhledar |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=2 October 2024 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/oct/02/ukraine-forces-withdrawn-vuhledar-donetsk |access-date=9 October 2024 }}</ref>

On 30 October 2024, Ukrainian Major General [[Dmytro Marchenko]] was reported to have said "our front has crumbled" due to a dwindling ammunition supply, problems with military recruitment, and poor leadership. He said [[Victory Plan for Ukraine|Zelensky's victory plan]] was too heavily focused on Western support. Briefings from Western officials had also become more pessimistic.<ref name=telegraph-20241030>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2024/10/30/ukraine-crumbling-russia-zelensky-victory-plan-kyiv/ |title=Ukraine's front line is 'crumbling' against Russian advances, says general |last1=Kilner |first1=James |last2=Hardaker |first2=Daniel |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |url-access=subscription |date=30 October 2024 |access-date=7 November 2024 }}</ref><ref name=nyt-20241101>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/01/us/politics/russia-ukraine-war.html |title=As Russia Advances, U.S. Fears Ukraine Has Entered a Grim Phase |last1=Barnes |first1=Julian E. |last2=Schmitt |first2=Eric |last3=Cooper |first3=Helene |last4=Barker |first4=Kim |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=subscription |date=1 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241101211720/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/01/us/politics/russia-ukraine-war.html |archive-date=1 November 2024}}</ref> According to the Prosecutor General's Office, more than 100,000 criminal cases for [[desertion]] were initiated by the end of November 2024.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|first1=Samya |last1=Kullab |first2=Volodymyr |last2=Yurchuk |title=Desertion threatens to starve Ukraine's forces at a crucial time in its war with Russia |url=https://apnews.com/article/deserters-awol-ukraine-russia-war-def676562552d42bc5d593363c9e5ea0 |work=[[AP News]] |date=29 November 2024 }}</ref> Russian forces captured the city of [[Kurakhove]] in late December 2024 and the nearby [[Kurakhove Power Station]] in January 2025.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=31 December 2024 |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, December 31, 2024 |url=https://understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-december-31-2024 |access-date=17 April 2025 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |language=en }}</ref><ref name="ISW 2025-01-03">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Trotter |first1=Nate |last2=Kagan |first2=Frederick W. |last3=Mappes |first3=Grace |last4=Runkel |first4=William |last5=Gibson |first5=Olivia |last6=Harward |first6=Christina |date=3 January 2025 |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, January 3, 2025 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-january-3-2025 |work=[[Institute for the Study of War]] }}</ref>

In early 2025, Russian forces advanced in eastern Ukraine,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Eckel |first1=Mike |date=3 January 2025 |title=Russia Advances, Ukraine Struggles, The War Turns Grimmer For Kyiv |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-russia-pokrovsk-donbas-war-offensive/33261303.html |work=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=15 February 2025 |title=Russian forces take control of two settlements in eastern Ukraine, TASS says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russian-forces-take-control-two-settlements-eastern-ukraine-tass-says-2025-02-14/ |work=[[Reuters]] }}</ref> with Russia claiming to have captured [[Velyka Novosilka]] in January.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=26 January 2025 |title=Russia says its troops have captured a strategic town in eastern Ukraine |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-invasion-donetsk-offensive-c544bbc5c99c64d5620876cad165a5db |access-date=17 April 2025 |work=[[AP News]] |language=en }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=2 February 2025 |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, February 2, 2025 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-february-2-2025 |access-date=17 April 2025 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |language=en }}</ref> Russia continued [[Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)|attacks]] on Ukrainian energy infrastructure.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russia claims to have seized two new villages in eastern Ukraine |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/1/12/russia-claims-to-have-seized-new-villages-in-eastern-ukraine |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |date=12 January 2025 }}</ref> In February 2025, Ukraine's government approved a one-year contract for volunteers aged 18–24 not subject to [[mobilisation]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Basmat |first1=Dmytro |title=Over 10,000 applications to join military submitted by young recruits following introduction of 'special contracts,' Defense Ministry says |url=https://kyivindependent.com/over-10-000-applications-to-join-military-received-from-young-recruits-following-introduction-of-special-contracts-defense-ministry-says/ |work=[[The Kyiv Independent]] |date=18 February 2025 }}</ref> By April 2025, Russian advances had slowed, according to Seth Jones from the [[Center for Strategic and International Studies]].<ref name="h119">{{#invoke:cite|web| last1=Jones | first1=Seth G. | last2=McCabe | first2=Riley | title=Russia's Battlefield Woes in Ukraine | website=CSIS | date=11 August 2025 | url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/russias-battlefield-woes-ukraine | access-date=3 September 2025}}</ref> Russian attacks on civilians also intensified, with the month of June seeing the highest civilian casualty count in Ukraine since the start of the invasion, with 232 killed and 1,343 injured.<ref name="o749">{{#invoke:cite|web| title=UN warns of record civilian casualties in Ukraine | website=UN News | date=10 July 2025 | url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/07/1165366 | access-date=3 September 2025}}</ref> Russia killed at least 21 civilians, including children, in the second-largest strike of the war overnight on 27 and 28 August, damaging European diplomatic facilities along with civilian infrastructure.<ref name="c384">{{#invoke:cite|web| title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, August 28, 2025 | website=Institute for the Study of War | date=28 August 2025 | url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-august-28-2025 | access-date=3 September 2025}}</ref>

Putin declared in March 2025 that "there are reasons to believe we can finish off Ukrainian forces," as a Russian summer offensive was expected. Russia planned to expand into Sumy and Kharkiv; however, the actual offensive was generally considered a failure with modest gains at the cost of heavy casualties. By September 2025, Russian forces had not achieved any frontline breakthroughs, with key strategic objectives like Pokrovsk still held by Ukraine.<ref name="b037">{{#invoke:cite|web |last=Dickinson |first=Peter |title=Putin's failed summer offensive shatters the myth of inevitable Russian victory |website=[[Atlantic Council]] |date=2 September 2025 |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/putins-failed-summer-offensive-shatters-the-myth-of-inevitable-russian-victory/ |access-date=3 September 2025 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref><ref name="x018">{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Russia's summer offensive in Ukraine underwhelms – but Kyiv won't be celebrating |work=[[CNN]] |date=29 June 2025 |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2025/06/29/europe/russia-summer-offensive-kyiv-ukraine-intl |access-date=3 September 2025 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>

Russia escalated attacks on Ukrainian energy infrastructure.<ref name="Chathamhouse_Nov2025"/> In response, Ukraine attacked Russian energy and logistical networks, including targeting oil facilities, causing a Russian [[2025 Russian fuel crisis|fuel crisis]].<ref>UK Parliament Library, Ukraine Update, October 2025.</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Christou |first=William |date=8 November 2025 |title=Russian missile attacks on Ukrainian energy facilities kill at least seven |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/nov/08/russia-ukraine-drone-missile-attacks-energy-infrastructure-casualties |access-date=19 November 2025 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref><ref name="o817">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Kirichenko |first=David |title=Russia's Fuel Crisis Deepens As Kremlin Warns Gas Station Owners |website=[[Forbes]] |date=1 October 2025 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidkirichenko/2025/10/01/russias-fuel-crisis-deepens-as-kremlin-warns-gas-station-owners/ |access-date=19 November 2025 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>

During October and November 2025, Russian forces intensified operations around Pokrovsk. Russia advanced hundreds of square miles, applying pressure on Ukrainian defensive lines.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=The Russia-Ukraine War Report Card, Nov. 12, 2025 {{!}} Russia Matters |url=https://www.russiamatters.org/news/russia-ukraine-war-report-card/russia-ukraine-war-report-card-nov-12-2025 |access-date=19 November 2025 |website=russiamatters.org}}</ref> By late October, there was fighting within Pokrovsk city proper.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Landale |first=James |date=1 November 2025 |title=Key town faces 'multi-thousand' Russian force, top Ukraine commander admits |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crklljyx6mzo |access-date=18 December 2025 |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> On 1 December, Russia claimed to have captured the city, although there were still Ukrainian forces in the northern portion.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Osborn |first=Andrew |date=2 December 2025 |title=Russia says before talks with US it has fully captured city of Pokrovsk, Ukraine denies it |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/russias-putin-told-frontline-liberation-pokrovsk-vovchansk-kremlin-says-2025-12-01/ |access-date=18 December 2025 |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Beale |first=Jonathan |date=9 December 2025 |title=Ukrainians raise flag to show BBC the fight goes on in city claimed by Russia |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd6x3vv7y60o |access-date=18 December 2025 |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> Russia reportedly fully captured [[Pokrovsk]], [[Myrnohrad]], and [[Huliaipole]] in early 2026.<ref>{{cite web | last=Bern | first=Stefaniia | title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, February 25, 2026 | website=Institute for the Study of War | date=2026-02-26 | url=https://understandingwar.org/research/russia-ukraine/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-february-25-2026/ | access-date=2026-03-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Noonan | first=Fiona | title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, February 4, 2026 | website=Institute for the Study of War | date=2026-02-05 | url=https://understandingwar.org/research/russia-ukraine/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-february-4-2026/ | access-date=2026-03-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Grace | first=Adam | title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, February 6, 2026 | website=Institute for the Study of War | date=2026-02-07 | url=https://understandingwar.org/research/russia-ukraine/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-february-6-2026/ | access-date=2026-03-02}}</ref>

In December 2025, following Russian claims of controlling Kupiansk, Zelenskyy visited the city. A Ukrainian commander stated that Russian troops there were surrounded.<ref name="y195">{{cite news |last=Psaropoulos |first=John T. |title=Russian forces 'completely cut off' from Kupiansk, says Ukrainian commander |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |date=12 December 2025 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/12/12/putin-pursues-peace-through-capitulation-as-ukraine-fights-on-in-pokrovsk |access-date=18 December 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Dysa |first=Yuliia |date=12 December 2025 |title=Zelenskiy visits Kupiansk as Ukraine retakes parts of frontline town |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-says-it-retakes-parts-kupiansk-encircling-russian-troops-2025-12-12/ |access-date=18 December 2025 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> The ISW reported that Russian ultranationalist milbloggers acknowledged the severity of the situation for Russian forces and that Russian claims of advances in the area were part of a [[cognitive warfare]] effort.<ref name="d830">{{cite web |last=Noonan |first=Fiona |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, December 15, 2025 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |date=16 December 2025 |url=https://understandingwar.org/research/russia-ukraine/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-december-15-2025/ |access-date=18 December 2025 }}</ref>

Early 2026 saw Ukraine make its largest battlefield gains in over two and a half years (not counting the Kursk offensive): according to ISW data, it retook over {{convert|200|km2}} between 11 and 15 February. The advance coincided with the Russian military being blocked from using [[Starlink]], causing communication issues compounded by the Russian government cutting access to Telegram. Despite this, Russia gained net territory in February.<ref name="w459">{{cite web | last=Stuart | first=Riley | title=Ukraine reclaims more than 200 square kilometres of territory as Elon Musk blocks Russian army's internet access | website=ABC News | date=18 February 2026 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-02-19/ukraine-reclaims-territory-as-musk-blocks-russian-army-internet/106356642 | access-date=5 March 2026}}</ref><ref name="m572">{{cite web | last=Adams | first=Paul | title=Musk cuts Starlink access for Russian forces, giving Ukraine an edge at the front | website=BBC | date=19 February 2026 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0q3ndj7052o | access-date=5 March 2026}}</ref> Western officials also said that for the first time since the invasion, Russia was suffering more losses than it was able to recruit new personnel.<ref name="b940">{{cite web | last1=Cotterill |first1=Tom |last2=Barker |first2=Memphis |last3=Blomfield |first3=Adrian | title= Russian soldiers being killed faster than Kremlin can recruit them | website=The Telegraph | date=24 February 2026 | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2026/02/24/russian-soldiers-killed-faster-than-kremlin-can-recruit/?WT.mc_id=tmgoff_reddit_faster-than-kremlin-can-recruit/ | access-date=5 March 2026}}</ref>

In April 2026, the [[Unmanned Systems Forces of Ukraine]] launched the [[middle strike campaign]] against [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|Russian-occupied territories]], especially [[Crimea]], with [[one-way attack drone]]s.<ref name="Beaumont">{{cite news |last=Beaumont |first=Peter |title='Highway of death': the Ukrainian drone campaign menacing Russian logistics |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=11 June 2026 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/jun/11/highway-of-death-the-ukrainian-drone-campaign-menacing-russian-logistics |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Eastwood">{{cite web |last=Eastwood |first=Brent M. |title=Russia's Last Supply Road to Crimea Has Earned a Grim New Name: The 'Highway of Death' |website=National Security Journal |date=11 June 2026 |url=https://nationalsecurityjournal.org/russias-last-supply-road-to-crimea-has-earned-a-grim-new-name-the-highway-of-death/ |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

In mid-May 2026, Russia's spring offensive was described as unsuccessful by battlefield experts and military analysts, with Ukraine regaining more territory than it had lost for the second time in the year.<ref name="f785">{{cite web | last1=Lohinov | first1=Yehor | last2=Eckel | first2=Mike | title=On Springtime Battlefield In War's Fifth Year, Ukraine Claws Back Territory | website=RFE/RL | date=20 May 2026 | url=https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-russia-war-battlefield-gains/33761066.html | access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref><ref name="f78f">{{cite web | last=Verbian| first=Volodymyr| title=Ukraine, Allies Grow Confident Russia Invasion Losing Steam | website=Bloomberg | date=22 May 2026 | url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-05-22/ukraine-and-allies-grow-confident-russia-s-invasion-losing-steam?embedded-checkout=true | access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref> The same month, Russia launched one of the largest combined aerial assaults of the war against Kyiv and other Ukrainian cities.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Beaumont |first=Peter |date=2026-05-14 |title=Ukraine hit by second day of large-scale Russian missile and drone strikes |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/may/14/ukraine-second-day-large-scale-russian-missile-drone-strikes |access-date=2026-05-14 |work=The Guardian |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> In Kyiv, a residential building was destroyed, killing 24.<ref name="f053">{{cite web | last=Khalili-Tari | first=Daniel | title=Zelenskyy vows response after Russian strike kills 24 in Kyiv | website=Al Jazeera | date=15 May 2026 | url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/5/15/zelenskyy-vows-response-after-russian-strike-kills-24-in-kyiv | access-date=16 May 2026}}</ref><ref name="i653">{{cite web | title=Kyiv in mourning after 24 killed in strike as Russia, Ukraine exchange POWs | website=France 24 | date=15 May 2026 | url=https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20260515-ukraine-in-mourning-after-24-killed-in-russian-attack-on-kyiv | access-date=16 May 2026}}</ref>

== Battlespaces ==
{{further|Northern front of the Russian invasion of Ukraine|Eastern front of the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|Southern front of the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|label1=Northern front|label2=Eastern front|label3=Southern front}}

=== Command ===
{{further|Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present) order of battle}}
[[File:Meeting with military district commanders (2024-05-15) 14.jpg|thumb|Putin with [[Sergei Shoigu|Shoigu]], [[Valery Gerasimov|Gerasimov]], [[Andrey Belousov|Belousov]], [[Yunus-bek Yevkurov|Yevkurov]] and commanders of [[military districts of Russia]] on 15 May 2024]]
[[File:Defenceofkyiv.jpg|thumb|Ukrainian commanders [[Oleksandr Syrskyi]] and [[Valerii Zaluzhnyi]]]]
====Russia====
As head of state, Vladimir Putin is the supreme commander of Russia's armed forces. Putin has reportedly intervened in operational decisions, bypassing senior commanders and giving orders directly to brigade commanders.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Sabbagh |first=Dan |date=16 May 2022 |title=Putin involved in war 'at level of colonel or brigadier', say western sources |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/may/16/putin-involved-russia-ukraine-war-western-sources |access-date=10 October 2023 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> Additionally, during the initial period of the war Russian forces suffered from a lack of unified command, with leadership of the operation divided between the four military districts involved in it.<ref name="CRSR21323"/>

According to US officials, the commander of the Russian Southern Military District, [[Aleksandr Dvornikov]], was placed in overall command on 8 April 2022.<ref name="Burns & Yen 2022">{{cite news |last1=Burns |first1=Robert |last2=Yen |first2=Hope |title=US doubts new Russian war chief can end Moscow's floundering |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-appoints-new-ukraine-war-commander-dvornikov-22 |access-date=28 February 2026 |work=AP News |date=10 April 2022}}</ref> Analysts of the OSINT organisation CIT speculated that Dvornikov had been replaced by [[Gennady Zhidko]] in late May 2022,<ref name="NVOU June 2022">{{cite news |title=General Dvornikov 'no longer in command' of Russian Army in Ukraine - CIT |url=https://english.nv.ua/nation/general-dvornikov-dismissed-from-command-of-russian-army-in-ukraine-russia-news-russia-invasion-50247453.html |access-date=28 February 2026 |work=New Voice of Ukraine |date=3 June 2022}}</ref> with US officials quoted in ''The New York Times'' also speculating that he had "disappeared".<ref name="Cooper May 2022">{{cite news |last1=Cooper |first1=Helene |title=Russian Military Is Repeating Mistakes in Eastern Ukraine, U.S. Says |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/31/us/politics/russia-military-eastern-ukraine.html |access-date=28 February 2026 |work=The New York Times |date=31 May 2022|author-link=Helene Cooper}}</ref>

In October 2022 the Russian ministry of defence officially announced that [[Sergei Surovikin]] had been placed in charge of Russia's forces fighting in Ukraine; according to analyst John Hardie writing for [[FDD's Long War Journal|the Long War Journal]], Surovikin was "likely the operation's first true unified commander". Surovikin, whom Hardie described as "a competent commander", was replaced in January 2023 by [[Valery Gerasimov]]. The Russian ministry of defence claimed that Surovikin's replacement was necessitated by the need for a more senior officer to carry out an "amplified range of tasks" and to increase "cooperation between services and branches of the Armed Forces". According to Hardie, Suvorikin's replacement may have reflected "internal power politics".<ref name="Hardie 2023">{{cite journal |last1=Hardie |first1=John |title=Moscow Shakes Up Command of Its Forces in Ukraine (Again) |journal=Long War Journal |date=12 January 2023 |url=https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2023/01/moscow-shakes-up-command-of-its-forces-in-ukraine-again.php |access-date=28 February 2026}}</ref>

Gerasimov was still in overall command of Russian forces in the Ukraine war when he reached the mandatory retirement age in September 2025 but was allowed to stay on.<ref name="Moscow Times Sept 2025">{{cite news |title=Putin Likely Lets Gerasimov Stay On as Top General After Hitting Retirement Age |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2025/09/09/putin-likely-lets-gerasimov-stay-on-as-top-general-after-hitting-retirement-age-a90469 |access-date=28 February 2026 |work=Moscow Times |date=9 September 2025}}</ref> According to Australian analyst and former general Mick Ryan writing in September 2023, Russian forces benefited from this unification of command.<ref>
{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Ryan |first=Mick |date=10 September 2023 |title=The Russians may be learning from the mistakes of the Ukraine war. But are they adapting fast enough? |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-05-31/russia-ukraine-war-learning-from-mistakes-adapting-enough/101110070 |access-date=10 October 2023 |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref><ref name="CRSR21323">{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R47068 |title=Russia's War in Ukraine: Military and Intelligence Aspects |date=13 February 2023 |publisher=Congressional Research Service |access-date=10 October 2023 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>

Particularly during the opening months of the war, Russia suffered a remarkably large number of casualties in the ranks of its officers, including [[List of Russian generals killed during the Russian invasion of Ukraine|a number of generals]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Deliso |first=Meredith |date=8 May 2022 |title=Why Russia has suffered the loss of an 'extraordinary' number of generals |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/russia-suffered-loss-extraordinary-number-generals/story?id=84545931 |access-date=26 June 2023 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>

====Ukraine====
General [[Valerii Zaluzhnyi]] was [[Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine|commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine]] from before the start of the war in February 2022. US General [[Mark Milley]] wrote in May 2022 that Zaluzhnyi had "emerged as the military mind his country needed. His leadership enabled the Ukrainian armed forces to adapt quickly with battlefield initiative against the Russians."<ref name="Shuster 2022">{{Cite magazine |last=Shuster |first=Simon |date=26 September 2022 |title=Inside the Ukrainian Counterstrike That Turned the Tide of the War |url=https://time.com/6216213/ukraine-military-valeriy-zaluzhny/ |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |access-date=10 September 2023 }}</ref> Following reported disputes between Zaluzhnyi and Volodomir Zelenskyy, Zaluznhy was replaced by [[Oleksandr Syrskyi]] in February 2024. According to [[Mykhailo Podolyak]], Zaluzhnyi's replacement was motivated by the need to revise tactics and prevent stagnation of the front in the aftermath of Ukraine's 2023 counteroffensive.<ref name="Moloney 2024">{{cite news |last1=Moloney |first1=Marita |title=Zelensky sacks Ukraine's commander-in-chief Valerii Zaluzhnyi |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-68244813 |access-date=28 February 2026 |work=BBC News |date=8 February 2024}}</ref> In July 2026, Zelenskyy replaced Syrskyi with [[Mykhailo Drapatyi]] amidst a military leadership crisis and protests demanding the reinstatement of [[Mykhailo Fedorov]] as Minister of Defence and the removal of Syrskyi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-07-21|title= Syrsky Dismissed as Commander-in-Chief, Drapaty Replaces Him |url= https://www.kyivpost.com/post/80782 |access-date=2026-07-22|website= Kyiv Post}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-07-21|title= Ukraine's Zelenskyy fires his military chief after protests and names a replacement |url= https://apnews.com/article/ukraine-zelenskyy-syrskyi-army-chief-504513cfcc5cbc55175dc605cc711793 |access-date=2026-07-22|website= Associated Press}}</ref>

=== Missile attacks and aerial warfare ===
{{main|Aerial warfare in the Russian invasion of Ukraine}}

{{see also|List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Russo-Ukrainian war}}

[[File:Kyiv after Russian shelling, 2022-10-10 (073).webp|thumb|Burning cars and civilians killed in Kyiv following [[Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)|Russian missile and drone strikes on 10 October 2022]]]]
Aerial warfare began the first day of the invasion. Dozens of missile attacks were recorded across both eastern and western Ukraine,<ref name="CriticalThreats"/><ref name="ISW 4MAR"/> as far west as Lviv.<ref name="Rostov-Gazeta-2022-02-25">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=25 February 2022 |title=Вооруженные силы Украины атаковали Миллерово «Точкой-У» |trans-title=Ukrainian Armed Forces attacked Millerovo with Tochka-U |url=https://rostovgazeta.ru/news/politics/25-02-2022/vooruzhennye-sily-ukrainy-atakovali-millerovo-tochkoy-u |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225073113/https://rostovgazeta.ru/news/politics/25-02-2022/vooruzhennye-sily-ukrainy-atakovali-millerovo-tochkoy-u |archive-date=25 February 2022 |access-date=25 February 2022 |work=[[Rostov Gazeta]] |language=ru}}</ref>

By September 2022, Ukrainian air forces had shot down about 55 Russian warplanes.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Insinna |first=Valerie |date=19 September 2022 |title=It took 'couple of months' to put US anti-radiation missiles on Ukrainian fighters, USAF reveals |url=https://breakingdefense.sites.breakingmedia.com/2022/09/it-took-couple-of-months-to-put-us-anti-radiation-missiles-on-ukrainian-fighters-usaf-reveals/ |access-date=26 December 2022 |website=Breaking Defense }}</ref> In mid-October, Russian forces launched [[Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure|missile strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure]], intended to knock out energy facilities.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Meilhan |first1=Pierre |last2=Roth |first2=Richard |date=22 October 2022 |title=Ukrainian military says 18 Russian cruise missiles destroyed amid attacks on energy infrastructure |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/22/europe/russia-ukraine-war-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=26 December 2022 }}</ref> By late November, hundreds of civilians had been killed or wounded,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=25 November 2022 |title=UN: Russian attacks on Ukraine's energy system have killed 77 civilians since Oct. 10 |work=The [[Kyiv Independent]] |url=https://kyivindependent.com/news-feed/un-says-russian-attacks-on-ukraines-energy-system-have-killed-77-civilians-since-oct-10 |access-date=26 December 2022 }}</ref> and [[rolling blackout]]s had left millions without power.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine battles to restore power as millions face blackouts |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/11/24/ukraine-battles-to-restore-power-after-russia-damages-grid |access-date=26 December 2022 }}</ref>

In December 2022, drones launched from Ukraine allegedly carried out several attacks on [[Dyagilevo (air base)|Dyagilevo]] and [[Engels-2 (air base)|Engels]] air bases in [[2022–2023 Western Russia attacks|western Russia]], killing 10 and heavily damaging two [[Tupolev Tu-95|Tu-95]] aircraft.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=5 December 2022 |title=Three dead in explosions at Russian airbases |url=https://english.nv.ua/nation/three-dead-in-explosions-at-russian-air-bases-ukraine-war-news-50288864.html |access-date=11 February 2023 |website=[[The New Voice of Ukraine]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}

* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=26 December 2022 |title=Three killed in second attack on Engels base deep inside Russia |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/12/26/ukraine-war-explosions-reported-at-engels-airbase-deep-inside-russia.html |access-date=11 February 2023 |work=[[CNBC]] |agency=[[Reuters]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>

On 1 June 2025, Ukraine carried out "[[Operation Spiderweb]]," targeting several air bases deep inside Russian territory using smuggled drones. The operation was seen as successful,<ref name="z595">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Boffey |first=Daniel |title='He's a bulldog': the man behind the success of Ukraine's Operation Spiderweb |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=6 June 2025 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/jun/06/the-man-behind-the-success-of-ukraine-operation-spiderweb-russia |access-date=10 June 2025 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> with Ukraine saying it had damaged or destroyed 41 high-value aircraft, including strategic bombers used to coordinate and launch attacks on Ukrainian cities.<ref name="b319">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Bego |first=Katja |title=Ukraine's Operation Spider's Web is a game-changer for modern drone warfare. NATO should pay attention |website=Chatham House – International Affairs Think Tank |date=5 June 2025 |url=https://www.chathamhouse.org/2025/06/ukraines-operation-spiders-web-game-changer-modern-drone-warfare-nato-should-pay-attention |access-date=10 June 2025 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> US officials assessed a lower number, saying that Ukraine had hit 20 planes, destroying 10.<ref name="s394">{{#invoke:cite|news|first1=Phil |last1=Stewart |first2=Idrees |last2=Ali |title=Exclusive: Ukraine hit fewer Russian planes than it estimated, US officials say |work=[[Reuters]] |date=5 June 2025 |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/ukraine-hit-fewer-russian-planes-than-it-estimated-us-officials-say-2025-06-04/ |access-date=10 June 2025 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> The operation is estimated to have caused billions of dollars in damage to Russian aircraft.<ref name="b759">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Gozzi| first=Laura| title=How Ukraine carried out daring 'Spider Web' attack on Russian bombers |work=[[BBC News]] |date=2 June 2025 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cq69qnvj6nlo |access-date=10 June 2025 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref><ref name="p895">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Bondar |first=Kateryna |title=How Ukraine's Operation "Spider's Web" Redefines Asymmetric Warfare |website=CSIS |date=3 June 2025 |url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/how-ukraines-spider-web-operation-redefines-asymmetric-warfare |access-date=10 June 2025 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref><ref name="t713">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Just how much damage did Ukraine do in its 'Spiderweb' drone attack on Russia? |work=[[NBC News]] | date=7 June 2025 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/world/ukraine/ukraine-spiderweb-drone-attack-russia-kyiv-moscow-osint-satellite-rcna211381 |access-date=10 June 2025 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref><ref name="d975">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Mazhulin | first1=Artem |last2=Holmes |first2=Oliver |last3=Swan |first3=Lucy |last4=Boulinier |first4=Laure |last5=Hecimovic |first5=Arnel |title=Operation Spiderweb: a visual guide to Ukraine's destruction of Russian aircraft |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=2 June 2025 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/jun/02/operation-spiderweb-visual-guide-ukraine-drone-attack-russian-aircraft |access-date=10 June 2025 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>

==== Crimea attacks ====
{{main|Crimea attacks}}

[[File:В Новофёдоровке в день взрывов на аэродроме, 2022, 03.jpg|thumb|Smoke from the [[2022 Saky air base attack|Ukrainian attack on Saky airbase]], Crimea, 2022]]
On 31 July 2022, Russian Navy Day commemorations were cancelled after a drone attack reportedly wounded several people at the Russian [[Black Sea Fleet]] headquarters in Sevastopol.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=31 July 2022 |title=Russian Navy Day Celebrations Canceled In Crimea's Sevastopol After Reported Drone Attack |work=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/crimea-navy-day-canceled-sevastapol-attack/31967407.html |access-date=23 August 2022 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> On 9 August 2022, [[2022 Novofedorivka explosions|large explosions]] were reported at [[Saky (air base)|Saky Air Base]] in western Crimea. Satellite imagery showed at least eight aircraft damaged or destroyed.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Cheetham |first=Joshua |date=11 August 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Crimea airbase badly damaged, satellite images show |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-62500560 |access-date=6 September 2022 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> Ukrainian general [[Valerii Zaluzhnyi]] claimed responsibility on 7 September.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Sands |first=Leo |date=7 September 2022 |title=Saky airfield: Ukraine claims Crimea blasts responsibility after denial |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-62821044 |access-date=12 September 2022 |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>

A week later Russia blamed "sabotage" for explosions and a fire at an arms depot near [[Dzhankoi]] in northeastern Crimea that also damaged a railway line and power station. Russian regional head [[Sergei Aksyonov]] said that 2,000 people were evacuated from the area.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Kirby |first=Paul |date=16 August 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Russia blames sabotage for new Crimea blasts |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-62560041 |access-date=19 August 2022 }}</ref> On 18 August, explosions were reported at [[Belbek Air Base]] north of Sevastopol.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Graham-Harrison |first=Emma |date=19 August 2022 |title=Fires and explosions reported at military targets in Russia and Crimea |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/18/fires-and-explosions-reported-at-military-targets-in-russia-and-crimea |access-date=19 August 2022 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref> On 8 October 2022 the [[Kerch Bridge]], linking occupied Crimea to Russia, [[2022 Crimean Bridge explosion|partially collapsed due to an explosion]].<ref name="nyttruck">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Kramer |first1=Andrew E. |last2=Schwirtz |first2=Michael |date=11 October 2022 |orig-date=8 October 2022 |title=Explosion on 12-Mile Crimea Bridge Kills 3 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/10/08/world/russia-ukraine-war-news |url-status=live |access-date=8 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221008061227/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/10/08/world/russia-ukraine-war-news |archive-date=8 October 2022 |issn=0362-4331 |oclc=1645522 |eissn=1553-8095}}</ref> On 17 July 2023, there was [[2023 Crimean Bridge explosion|another large explosion]] on the bridge.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/16/europe/russia-crimea-bridge-intl-hnk/index.html |title=Emergency incident reported on bridge linking Crimea with Russia |date=16 July 2023 |last1=Pennington |first1=Josh |last2=Stambaugh |first2=Alex |work=[[CNN]] |access-date=16 July 2023 |archive-date=17 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717033602/https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/16/europe/russia-crimea-bridge-intl-hnk/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref> On 3 June 2025, an [[2025 Crimean Bridge explosion|attack with underwater explosives]] damaged the foundations of the bridge; traffic resumed within hours.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Crimea bridge reopens after Ukraine says it carried out underwater explosion |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cr58e9yr2ezt |date=3 June 2025 |access-date=7 June 2025 |first=Adam |last=Goldsmith |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>

==== Russian attacks against Ukrainian civilian infrastructure ====
{{Main|Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure}}

{{Further|Russian attacks on civilians in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}
[[File:Kyiv after Russian shelling, 2022-10-10 (305).webp|thumb|Fires on a [[Cogeneration|combined heat and power plant]] in Kyiv after Russian missile strikes on 10 October 2022]]
Since 2022, Russia has carried out strikes on Ukrainian electrical and water systems.<ref name="intermittent">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=16 December 2022 |title=Russia launches another major missile attack on Ukraine |work=[[Associated Press]] News |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-kyiv-5d3e5ee5e93b6402d5214b3cf094fa1c |access-date=17 December 2022 }}</ref> On 6 October 2022, the Ukrainian military reported that 86 [[HESA Shahed 136|Shahed 136]] kamikaze drones had been launched by Russian forces, and between 30 September and 6 October, Ukrainian forces had destroyed 24 out of 46 launched.<ref name=nw1>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Impelli |first=Matthew |date=6 October 2022 |title=Half of Russia's Iranian-made drones obliterated in one week: Ukraine |url=https://www.newsweek.com/half-russias-iranian-made-drones-obliterated-one-week-ukraine-1749700 |access-date=17 December 2022 |website=[[Newsweek]] |archive-date=17 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221217210405/https://www.newsweek.com/half-russias-iranian-made-drones-obliterated-one-week-ukraine-1749700 |url-status=live}}</ref> On 8 October, it was announced that [[General of the Army]] [[Sergey Surovikin]] would be commanding all Russian forces on the strength of his novel air assault technique.<ref name="alar1">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russia names new commander of its forces engaged in Ukraine |url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/world/2022/10/08/Russia-names-new-commander-of-its-forces-engaged-in-Ukraine |agency=[[Al-Arabiya]] |date=8 October 2022 |access-date=8 October 2022 |archive-date=30 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030140959/https://english.alarabiya.net/News/world/2022/10/08/Russia-names-new-commander-of-its-forces-engaged-in-Ukraine |url-status=live}}</ref> On 16 October, ''[[The Washington Post]]'' reported that Iran was planning to supply Russia with drones and missiles.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Warrick |first1=Joby |last2=Nakashima |first2=Ellen |last3=Harris |first3=Shane |date=16 October 2022 |title=Iran plans to send missiles, drones to Russia for Ukraine war, officials say |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2022/10/16/iran-russia-missiles-ukraine/ }}</ref> On 18 October, the US State Department accused Iran of violating [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231|Resolution 2231]] by selling [[Shahed 131]] and [[Shahed 136]] drones to Russia,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=18 October 2022 |title=Ukraine war: US says Iranian drones breach sanctions |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63294698 }}</ref> agreeing with France and the UK. Iran denied sending arms for the Ukraine war.<ref name="CNN: Iran denies supplying Russia with weapons for use in Ukraine">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Kennedy |first1=Niamh |last2=Mahmoodi |first2=Negar |last3=Kottasová |first3=Ivana |last4=Raine |first4=Andrew |date=16 October 2022 |title=Iran denies supplying Russia with weapons for use in Ukraine |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/10/15/europe/iran-denies-supplying-russia-weapons-ukraine-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=18 October 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912064217/https://edition.cnn.com/2022/10/15/europe/iran-denies-supplying-russia-weapons-ukraine-intl-hnk/index.html |archive-date=12 September 2023}}</ref> On 22 October, France, Britain, and Germany called for a UN investigation.<ref name="f24-20221022">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=22 October 2022 |title=European countries urge UN probe of Iran drones in Ukraine |work=[[France 24]] |agency=[[Agence France-Presse]] |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20221022-european-countries-urge-un-probe-of-iran-drones-in-ukraine |access-date=5 November 2022 }}</ref> On 1 November, CNN reported that Iran was preparing to send ballistic missiles and other weapons to Russia for use in Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Atwood |first=Kylie |date=1 November 2022 |title=Iran is preparing to send additional weapons including ballistic missiles to Russia to use in Ukraine, western officials say |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/01/politics/iran-missiles-russia/index.html |access-date=29 November 2022 }}</ref>

On 15 November 2022, Russia fired 85 missiles at the [[Electricity in Ukraine|Ukrainian power grid]], causing [[power outage]]s in Kyiv and neighbouring regions.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/11/15/barrage-of-russian-missiles-causes-blackouts-across-ukraine |title=Barrage of Russian missiles causes blackouts across Ukraine: Ukraine's energy minister says the wave of attacks was the biggest bombardment of power facilities in war so far |date=17 November 2022 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] }}</ref> In March 2023, ''The New York Times'' reported that Russia had used new hypersonic missiles in a massive missile attack on Ukraine. Such missiles are more effective in evading conventional Ukrainian anti-missile defences.<ref name=nyt2>{{#invoke:cite|news|work=[[The New York Times]] |date=10 March 2023 |title=Russia Fires Hypersonic Missiles in Largest Air Assault in Weeks |first=Andrew E. |last=Kramer}}</ref>

The UK Defence Ministry said strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure are part of Russia's 'Strategic Operation for the Destruction of Critically Important Targets' (SODCIT) military doctrine, intended to demoralise the population and force the Ukrainian leadership to capitulate.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|work=[[The Kyiv Independent]] |date=1 December 2022 |title=UK Defense Ministry: Russia's strategy of attacking Ukraine's critical infrastructure becoming less effective |url=https://kyivindependent.com/news-feed/uk-defense-ministry-russias-strategy-of-attacking-ukraines-critical-infrastructure-becoming-less-effective }}</ref> According to the [[Royal United Services Institute]], half of Ukraine's electricity production capacity had been destroyed.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Cranny-Evans |first1=Sam |title=Bracing for the Hardest Winter: Protecting Ukraine's Energy Infrastructure |url=https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/bracing-hardest-winter-protecting-ukraines-energy-infrastructure |work=[[Royal United Services Institute]] |date=24 June 2024 }}</ref>

On 8 July 2024, Russia used a [[Kh-101]] missile<ref name="bc8">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2024/07/09/russian-missile-identified-in-kyiv-childrens-hospital-attack/ |title=Russian Missile Identified in Kyiv Children's Hospital Attack|work=Bellingcat|date=9 July 2024}}</ref> to kill two and injure 16 at the [[Okhmatdyt|Okhmatdyt Children's Hospital]] in Kyiv.<ref name="ap8">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-kyiv-bombing-hospital-cancer-0ac47b944af2ed20d840563727836f53 |title=Russian missile attack on Ukraine's largest hospital complicates treatment of kids with cancer |first=Hanna |last=Arhirova |work=[[Associated Press|AP]] |date=11 July 2024 |access-date=18 May 2025 }}</ref><ref name="cnn8">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/08/europe/ukraine-russian-strike-childrens-hospital-intl/index.html |title=Ukrainian children's hospital attacked as Russian strikes on cities kill at least 43 |first1=Svitlana |last1=Vlasova |first2=Daria |last2=Tarasova-Markina |first3=Maria |last3=Kostenko |first4=Victoria |last4=Butenko |first5=Lauren |last5=Said-Moorhouse |work=[[CNN]] |date=8 July 2024 |access-date=18 May 2025 }}</ref><ref name="bbc8">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cl4y1pjk2dzo |title=Children's hospital hit as Russian strikes kill dozens in Ukraine |first1=Rob |last1=Corp |first2=Kyla |last2=Herrmannsen |work=[[BBC News]] |date=8 July 2024 |access-date=18 May 2025 }}</ref><ref name="cbc8">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/ukraine-war-kyiv-childrens-hospital-1.7256892 |title=Russian airstrikes kill at least 41 in Ukraine, damage Kyiv children's hospital |work=[[CBC News]] |date=8 July 2024 |access-date=18 May 2025 }}</ref> At least 20 civilians were killed in Kyiv that night.<ref name="peu8">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/russians-attack-the-largest-childrens-hospital-in-kyiv-with-a-ballistic-missile/ |title=Russia bombs children's hospital as missiles kill dozens across Ukraine |first=Veronika |last=Melkozerova |work=[[Politico]] |date=8 July 2024 |access-date=18 May 2025 }}</ref>

In late 2024, Russia switched from attacking energy distribution infrastructure to striking power stations, affecting 15% of Ukraine's pre-war generating capacity. From the summer of 2025, attacks switched back to infrastructure with a much greater number of drones and ballistic missiles. Strikes were also made on Ukrainian gas production, with 60% of its capacity destroyed in October 2025.<ref name="Chathamhouse_Nov2025">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Lough |first=John |date=10 November 2025 |title=Ukraine's best defence against Putin's energy war is more attacks on Russia's oil refining sector |url=https://www.chathamhouse.org/2025/11/ukraines-best-defence-against-putins-energy-war-more-attacks-russias-oil-refining-sector |website=chathamhouse.org |location=London |publisher=Chatham House, The Royal Institute of International Affairs |access-date=20 November 2025}}</ref>

==== Ukrainian attacks on Russian oil production ====
In 2025, Ukraine intensified efforts to disrupt Russian oil production and export facilities, using drone and missile strikes assisted by Western targeting intelligence. By late October 2025, an estimated 50% of Russia's 38 major refineries had been hit more than once. The result has been an estimated drop in oil production of between 10 and 15%, leading to raised domestic fuel prices and shortages in some regions.<ref name="Chathamhouse_Nov2025"/>

=== Naval blockade and engagements ===
{{Main|Naval warfare in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}

[[File:Stamp of Ukraine s1985.jpg|thumb|Commemorative stamp about the phrase ''[[Russian warship, go fuck yourself!]]'']]
[[File:Russian cruiser Moskva.jpg|thumb|The Russian Black Sea flagship ''[[Russian cruiser Moskva|Moskva]]'' was sunk on 14 April 2022, reportedly after being hit by two Ukrainian [[R-360 Neptune|Neptune]] [[anti-ship missile]]s.]]
On 28 February 2022, Turkey invoked the 1936 [[Montreux Convention]] and sealed off the [[Bosphorus]] and [[Dardanelles]] straits to Russian warships that were not registered to [[Black Sea]] home bases and returning to their ports of origin. It specifically denied passage to four Russian naval vessels.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=2 March 2022 |title=Russia cancelled Black Sea passage bid of four warships: Turkey |publisher=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/2/russia-cancelled-black-sea-passage-bid-warships-turkey |access-date=29 March 2022 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Tavsan |first=Sinan |date=2 March 2022 |title=Turkey rejects Russia's request for navy ships to pass Bosporus |work=[[Nikkei Asia]] |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Ukraine-war/Turkey-rejects-Russia-s-request-for-navy-ships-to-pass-Bosporus |access-date=17 March 2022 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=28 February 2022 |title=Turkey to implement pact limiting Russian warships to Black Sea |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/turkey-implement-international-pact-access-shipping-straits-due-ukraine-war-2022-02-27/ |access-date=17 March 2022 |work=[[Reuters]] }}</ref> On 24 February, the [[State Border Guard Service of Ukraine]] announced that Russian Navy ships had begun an [[Snake Island campaign|attack on Snake Island]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Boruah |first1=Manash Pratim |last2=Karle |first2=Prathamesh |last3=Tringham |first3=Kate |date=25 February 2022 |title=Russian attacks on Ukraine's coast threaten loss of key naval bases as well as critical shipbuilding facilities |work=[[Jane's Defence Weekly]] |url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/russian-attacks-on-ukraines-coast-threaten-loss-of-key-naval-bases-as-well-as-critical-shipbuilding-facilities }}</ref> The guided missile cruiser and flagship of the [[Black Sea Fleet]], {{ship|Russian cruiser|Moskva||2}} and patrol boat {{ship|Russian patrol boat|Vasily Bykov||2}} bombarded the island.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=24 February 2022 |title=Russian Navy Captures Ukraine's Outpost on Snake Island |work=The Maritime Executive |url=https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/russian-navy-captures-ukraine-s-outpost-on-snake-island |url-status=live |access-date=25 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225100645/https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/russian-navy-captures-ukraine-s-outpost-on-snake-island |archive-date=25 February 2022}}</ref> The Russian warship instructed the Ukrainians on the island to surrender. Their response was "[[Russian warship, go fuck yourself|Russian warship, go fuck yourself!]]"<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Lister |first1=Tim |last2=Pennington |first2=Josh |date=24 February 2022 |title=February 24, 2022 Russia-Ukraine news |at=Entry: Audio emerges appearing to be of Ukrainian fighters defending island from Russian warship |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-news-02-24-22-intl/h_2e17e59214679efefede60d5fb481432 |url-status=live |access-date=25 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225020216/https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-news-02-24-22-intl/h_2e17e59214679efefede60d5fb481432 |archive-date=25 February 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|title="Russkyy korablʹ, ydy na kh.y!": zakhysnyky Zmiyinoho vidpovily vorohovi |script-title=uk:"Русский корабль, иди на х.й!": захисники Зміїного відповіли ворогові |trans-title='Russian ship, go on f.y!': Defenders of the Serpent responded to the enemy |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2022/02/25/7325592/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225021042/https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2022/02/25/7325592/ |archive-date=25 February 2022 |access-date=25 February 2022 |website=[[Ukrainska Pravda]] |language=uk}}
</ref> After the bombardment, Russian soldiers landed and took control of [[Snake Island (Ukraine)|Snake Island]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Visontay |first=Elias |date=25 February 2022 |title=Ukraine soldiers told Russian officer 'go fuck yourself' before they died on island |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/25/ukraine-soldiers-told-russians-to-go-fuck-yourself-before-black-sea-island-death |url-status=live |access-date=25 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225102114/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/25/ukraine-soldiers-told-russians-to-go-fuck-yourself-before-black-sea-island-death |archive-date=25 February 2022}}</ref> Russia said on 26 February that US drones had supplied intelligence to the Ukrainian navy to help it target Russian warships in the Black Sea. The US denied this.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Hodge |first1=Nathan |last2=Cotovio |first2=Vasco |last3=Lieberman |first3=Oren |date=26 February 2022 |title=Pentagon denies Russia's claim that it's "highly likely" US used surveillance drones to help Ukrainian navy |url=https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-news-02-26-22#h_b669a7b9f3668b9579d3cb72c52647ac |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220227/https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-news-02-26-22/h_b669a7b9f3668b9579d3cb72c52647ac |archive-date=27 February 2022 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref>

By 3 March, Ukrainian forces in Mykolaiv [[scuttled]] the frigate {{ship|Ukrainian frigate|Hetman Sahaidachny||2}}, the flagship of the Ukrainian navy, to prevent its capture.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Evans |first=Michael |title=Ukraine scuttles its flagship frigate as the Russians close in |work=[[The Times]] |date=4 March 2022 |url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/russia-ukraine-war/article/ukraine-scuttles-its-flagship-frigate-as-the-russians-close-in-wtd07bbqp |access-date=4 March 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=4 March 2022 |title=Frehat Ukrayiny "Hetʹman Sahaydachnyy" vyvedenyy z ladu |script-title=uk:Фрегат України "Гетьман Сагайдачний" виведений з ладу |language=uk |trans-title=The frigate of Ukraine "Hetman Sagaidachny" is out of order |publisher=[[Armed Forces of Ukraine]] |url=https://mil.in.ua/uk/news/fregat-ukrayiny-getman-sagajdachnyj-vyvedenyj-z-ladu/ |access-date=28 March 2022 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|title=Hetman Sahaidachny frigate, being under repair, flooded not to get to enemy – Reznikov |publisher=[[Interfax Ukraine]] |date=4 March 2022 |url=https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/806837.html |access-date=4 March 2022 }}</ref> On 24 March, Ukrainian officials said that a Russian [[Alligator-class landing ship|landing ship]] docked in Berdiansk was destroyed by a Ukrainian rocket attack.<ref name="CNN-Berdyansk"/><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Polityuk |first1=Pavel |last2=Heritage |first2=Timothy |date=24 March 2022 |title=Ukraine says it has destroyed a large Russian landing ship |work=[[Reuters]] |editor-last=Heavens |editor-first=Andrew |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-says-it-has-destroyed-large-russian-landing-ship-2022-03-24/ |access-date=24 March 2022 }}</ref> In March 2022, the UN [[International Maritime Organization]] (IMO) sought to create a safe sea corridor for commercial vessels to leave Ukrainian ports.<ref name="reuters-20220312">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Saul |first=Jonathan |date=12 March 2022 |title=UN to work on safe corridor for ships stranded by Ukraine conflict |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/un-work-safe-corridor-ships-stranded-by-ukraine-conflict-2022-03-12/ |access-date=22 May 2022 }}</ref> On 27 March, Russia established a sea corridor {{convert|80|mi|km}} long and {{convert|3|mi|km}} wide through its [[Maritime Exclusion Zone]], for the transit of merchant vessels from the edge of Ukrainian territorial waters southeast of Odesa.<ref name="westpoint-20220412">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Pedrozo |first=Raul |date=12 April 2022 |title=Ukraine Symposium – Maritime Exclusion Zones in Armed Conflicts |url=https://lieber.westpoint.edu/maritime-exclusion-zones-armed-conflicts/ |access-date=22 May 2022 |website=West Point |publisher=[[United States Military Academy]] }}</ref><ref name="imo-20220328">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=28 March 2022 |title=Communication from the Government of the Russian Federation |url=https://wwwcdn.imo.org/localresources/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Documents/Black%20Sea%20and%20Sea%20of%20Azov%20-%20Member%20States%20and%20Associate%20Members%20Communications/Circular%20Letter%20No.4543%20-%20Communication%20From%20The%20Government%20Of%20The%20Russian%20Federation%20(Secretariat).pdf |access-date=8 June 2022 |website=Mission of the Russian Federation to the IMO |publisher=[[International Maritime Organization]] |id=Circular Letter No.4543 }}</ref>

The ''Moskva'' was, according to Ukrainian sources and a US senior official,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=16 April 2022 |title=Russia-Ukraine war latest: Ukraine PM to head to Washington; Russian warship sunk by Ukraine missile strike, say US officials – live |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/apr/16/russia-ukraine-war-latest-ukraine-pm-to-head-to-washington-russian-warship-sunk-by-ukraine-missile-strike-say-us-officials-live |access-date=16 April 2022 |issn=0261-3077 }}</ref> hit on 13 April by two Ukrainian [[R-360 Neptune|Neptune anti-ship cruise missiles]]. The Russian Defence Ministry said the warship had suffered serious damage from a munition explosion caused by a fire and that its crew had been evacuated.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=14 April 2022 |title=Russia confirms severe damage to Black Sea Fleet Flagship Moskva, Crew Abandoned Ship |work=[[The Free Press Journal]] |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/world/russia-confirms-severe-damage-to-black-sea-fleet-flagship-moskva-crew-abandoned-ship |access-date=14 April 2022 }}
</ref> Pentagon spokesman John Kirby reported on 14 April that satellite images showed that the Russian warship had suffered a sizeable explosion onboard but was heading to the east for expected repairs in [[Sevastopol]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Forgey |first=Quint |date=14 April 2022 |title=Pentagon confirms explosion aboard Russian warship |work=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2022/04/14/pentagon-explosion-russian-warship-00025243 |access-date=14 April 2022 }}</ref> Later the same day, the Russian Ministry of Defence stated that the [[Sinking of the Moskva|''Moskva'' had sunk]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=14 April 2022 |title=Russian warship Moskva has sunk – state media |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61114843 |access-date=14 April 2022 }}</ref> On 15 April, Reuters reported that Russia launched an apparent retaliatory missile strike against the missile factory [[Luch Design Bureau]] in Kyiv, where the Neptune missiles used in the ''Moskva'' attack were manufactured.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Polityuk |first1=Pavel |last2=Piper |first2=Elizabeth |date=15 April 2022 |title=Ukraine says fighting rages in Mariupol, blasts rattle Kyiv |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/powerful-explosions-heard-kyiv-after-russian-warship-sinks-2022-04-15/ }}</ref> On 5 May, a US official confirmed that the US gave "a range of intelligence" to assist in the sinking.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=6 May 2022 |title=US intelligence helped Ukraine sink Russia's flagship cruiser Moskva |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-05-06/us-intelligence-leads-to-ukraine-sinking-russia-moskva-missile/101044452 }}</ref>

On 1 June, Russian Foreign Minister [[Sergey Lavrov]] asserted that Ukraine's policy of mining its own harbours to impede Russian maritime aggression had contributed to the food export crisis, saying: "If Kyiv solves the problem of demining ports, the Russian Navy will ensure the unimpeded passage of ships with grain to the Mediterranean Sea."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=31 May 2022 |title=Lavrov said Russians would let through ships carrying grain if Ukraine demined ports |work=[[Yahoo! News]] |agency=[[Ukrainska Pravda]] |url=https://news.yahoo.com/lavrov-said-russians-let-ships-103100228.html |access-date=1 June 2022 }}</ref> On 23 July, CNBC reported a Russian missile strike on the Ukrainian port of Odesa, swiftly condemned by world leaders amid a recent [[Black Sea Grain Initiative|UN- and Turkish-brokered deal]] to secure a sea corridor for exports of foodstuffs.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=22 July 2022 |title=Russia, Ukraine seal grain deal in Istanbul |work=[[Le Monde]] |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2022/07/22/russia-ukraine-seal-grain-deal-in-istanbul_5991090_4.html |access-date=2 August 2022 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Macias |first=Amanda |date=23 July 2022 |title='He simply cannot be trusted:' World leaders slam Putin's attack on Odesa following sea corridor deal |work=[[CNBC]] |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/07/23/world-leaders-slam-putins-attack-on-odesa-following-sea-corridor-deal.html |access-date=1 October 2023 }}</ref>

On 26 December 2023, Ukraine's air force attacked the [[Russian landing ship Novocherkassk|Russian landing ship ''Novocherkassk'']] docked in [[Feodosia]]. Ukraine said it was destroyed, a claim that independent analysts confirmed. Russian authorities claimed that two attacking aircraft were destroyed.<ref name="strikes_2023_12_26_reuters">Osborn, Andrew and Max Hunder: [https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-carries-out-air-assault-crimeas-port-feodosia-2023-12-26/ "Ukraine strikes Russian naval landing warship, Moscow admits damage,"], 26 December 2023, [[Reuters]]; [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXmjRq13-VI video and transcript on YouTube]; also at [[NBC News]] as [https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/ukraine-strikes-russian-naval-landing-warship-crimea-rcna131156 "Ukraine strikes Russian naval landing warship in Crimea,"] retrieved 26 December 2023</ref><ref name="attack_2023_12_26_foxnews">Dorgan, Michael: [https://www.foxnews.com/world/ukraine-missile-attack-hits-russian-warship-crimea-killing-least-1 "Ukraine missile attack strikes Russian warship in Crimea, killing at least 1: The landing ship, called Novocherkassk, was hit at a base in the city of Feodosia by plane-launched guided missiles, the Russian ministry said,"] 26 December 2023, [[Fox News]], retrieved 26 December 2023</ref><ref name="strikes_2023_12_26_wsj_com">Lovett, Ian: [https://www.wsj.com/world/ukraine-strikes-russian-warship-in-crimea-in-another-blow-to-moscows-black-sea-fleet-ffe327d8 "Ukraine Strikes Russian Warship in Crimea, in Another Blow to Moscow's Black Sea Fleet: Kyiv shows it can land blows deep behind Russian lines as the ground war edges toward stalemate,"], 26 December 2023, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]],'' retrieved 26 December 2023</ref> On 31 January 2024, Ukrainian sea drones struck the Russian [[Tarantul-class corvette]] Ivanovets in the Black Sea, causing the ship to sink.<ref name="The Telegraph 2024 e989">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Watch: Ukraine sinks Russian warship in Black Sea drone strike |website=The Telegraph |date=1 February 2024 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2024/02/01/ukraine-sinks-russian-warship-black-sea-drone-strike/ |access-date=1 February 2024}}</ref><ref name="Greenall 2024 j308">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Greenall |first=Robert |title=Ukraine 'hits Russian missile boat Ivanovets in Black Sea' |website=BBC Home |date=1 February 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68165523 |access-date=1 February 2024}}</ref> On 14 February, the same type of Ukrainian sea drones struck and sank the [[Russian ship Tsezar Kunikov|Russian landing ship ''Tsezar Kunikov'']].<ref name="Goryashko 2024 x892">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Goryashko |first=Sergey |date=14 February 2024 |title=Ukraine sinks Russian ship off Crimean coast |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/ukraine-sinks-russian-ship-off-crimean-coast/ |access-date=14 February 2024 |website=Politico}}</ref><ref name="Tom Balmforth 2024 k016">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Tom Balmforth |first=Pavel Polityuk |title=Ukraine says it sank Russian large landing warship in Black Sea |website=Reuters |date=14 February 2024 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukrainian-forces-destroy-large-russian-landing-ship-military-says-2024-02-14/ |access-date=14 February 2024}}</ref>

=== Ukrainian resistance ===
{{Main|Ukrainian resistance in Russian-occupied Ukraine}}

{{See also|2022 protests in Russian-occupied Ukraine}}
[[File:Reporter’s Notebook - Thriving Kyiv Becomes Battle Zone, Almost Overnight 03 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Civilians in Kyiv preparing [[Molotov cocktails]], 26 February 2022]]
Ukrainian civilians resisted the Russian invasion by volunteering for territorial defence units, making [[Molotov cocktail]]s, donating food, building barriers like [[Czech hedgehog]]s,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Raghavan |first1=Sudarsan |last2=O'Grady |first2=Siobhán |last3=Shefte |first3=Whitney |last4=Khudov |first4=Kostiantyn |date=28 February 2022 |title=In a Kyiv under siege, neighbors dig trenches and raise barriers to brace for Russian assault |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/28/ukraine-russia-kyiv-defense/ |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=30 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220301011750/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/28/ukraine-russia-kyiv-defense/ |archive-date=1 March 2022 |issn=0190-8286 |oclc=2269358}}</ref> and helping to transport refugees.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Kirby |first=Jen |date=3 March 2022 |title=The other members of Ukraine's resistance |url=https://www.vox.com/22956752/ukraine-resistance-volunteers-russia-invasion |access-date=10 March 2022 |website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]}}</ref> Responding to a call from [[State Agency of Automobile Roads of Ukraine|Ukravtodor]], Ukraine's transportation agency, civilians dismantled or altered road signs,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Doubek |first=James |date=1 March 2022 |title=Road signs direct expletives at the Russian military |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/03/01/1083644721/ukraine-russian-soldiers-road-signs-billboards |website=NPR}}</ref> constructed makeshift barriers, and blocked roadways.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Bella |first=Timothy |date=26 February 2022 |title=Ukrainian agency, urging removal of road signs, posts fake photo with a colorful message for Russia |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/26/ukraine-russia-roads-signs-facebook/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> Social media reports showed spontaneous street [[2022 protests in Russian-occupied Ukraine|protests against Russian forces]] in occupied settlements, often evolving into verbal altercations and physical standoffs with Russian troops.<ref name="yes!">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Hunter |first=Daniel |date=1 March 2022 |title=How Ukrainian Civilians Are Resisting Military Force |work=[[Yes! (U.S. magazine)|YES! Magazine]] |url=https://www.yesmagazine.org/democracy/2022/03/01/ukraine-civilian-resistance |access-date=8 March 2022}}</ref>

People physically blocked Russian military vehicles, sometimes forcing them to retreat.<ref name="yes!"/><ref>
{{#invoke:cite|news|date=28 February 2022 |title=Ukrainian Civilians Take On Russian Invaders With Words And Deeds |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-civil-resistance-russian-aggression/31728966.html |access-date=8 March 2022 |publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Schwirtz |first1=Michael |last2=Santora |first2=Marc |last3=Hill |first3=Evan |last4=Cardia |first4=Alexander |date=5 March 2022 |title=Ukrainian protesters take to the streets in occupied Kherson. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/05/world/europe/kherson-protests-ukraine.html |url-access=limited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305160437/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/05/world/europe/kherson-protests-ukraine.html |archive-date=5 March 2022 |access-date=8 March 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |issn=1553-8095 |oclc=1645522}}</ref> The Russian soldiers' response to unarmed civilian resistance varied from reluctance to engage the protesters,<ref name="yes!"/> to firing directly into crowds.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Murphy |first1=Paul P. |last2=Lister |first2=Tim |last3=Mezzofiore |first3=Gianluca |last4=Voitovych |first4=Olga |name-list-style=and |date=5 March 2022 |title=Ukrainian authorities accuse Russians of opening fire on civilian protest |url=https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-putin-news-03-05-22#h_c9644300c3986a3e19e31dcb6188abdf |access-date=8 March 2022 |work=[[CNN International]]}}</ref> To facilitate Ukrainian attacks, civilians reported Russian military positions via a [[Telegram (software)|Telegram]] chatbot and [[Diia]], a Ukrainian government app. In response, Russian forces began destroying mobile phone network equipment, searching door-to-door for smartphones and computers, and, in at least one case, killed a civilian who had pictures of Russian tanks.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Judah |first=Tim |date=10 April 2022 |title=How Kyiv was saved by Ukrainian ingenuity as well as Russian blunders |work=[[Financial Times]] |url=https://www.ft.com/content/e87fdc60-0d5e-4d39-93c6-7cfd22f770e8 |access-date=7 June 2025}}</ref>

===Energy infrastructure===
{{See also|Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure|Russian sabotage operations in Europe#Energy and infrastructure}}
[[File:Fire at an energy infrastructure facility after Russian shelling, 2022-09-11 (01).jpg|thumb|Fire at a power plant in Kharkiv after a Russian strike, September 2022]]

Throughout the war Russia and Ukraine have attacked each other's energy infrastructure. Ukrainian power generation and heating facilities and Russia's pipelines and refineries were hit.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=What is the Real Cost and Benefit of Ukrainian Attacks on Russian Refining? |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/russia-eurasia/politika/2024/06/russia-oil-refining-attacks?lang=en |website=Carnegie Russia Eurasia Center | date=25 June 2024 |access-date=28 August 2025}}</ref><ref name=gas_infra/>

As a reaction to [[International recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic|Russia's recognition of the occupied Ukrainian territories in Donetsk and Luhansk]], Germany suspended its certification of the [[Nord Stream 2]] pipeline on 22 February 2022.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Scholz zu Russland-Sanktionen: Deutschland stoppt Nord Stream 2 |trans-title=Scholz on Russia sanctions: Germany stops Nord Stream 2 |date=22 February 2022 |work=ZDFheute |publisher=Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen |language=de |url=https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/scholz-russland-ukraine-100.html |access-date=24 August 2022 }}</ref> In September 2022 the inactive Nord Stream pipeline between Russia and Germany was [[Nord Stream pipelines sabotage|sabotaged]], destroying three of the four pipelines. {{As of|August 2025}}, no party has claimed nor admitted responsibility, and investigations are ongoing. A Ukrainian national was arrested in August 2025 on suspicion of being involved.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Lehberger |first1=Roman |last2=Schmid |first2=Fidelius |date=21 August 2025 |title=(S+) Nord Stream: Mutmaßlicher Angreifer auf Ostseepipelines gefasst |url=https://www.spiegel.de/panorama/nord-stream-mutmasslicher-angreifer-auf-ostsee-pipelines-gefasst-a-1d2b82ee-961c-4d81-b167-2fb7637d582b |access-date=21 August 2025 |work=Der Spiegel |language=de |issn=2195-1349}}</ref> As part of the [[economic sanctions]] against Russia for its war, the [[EU Commission]] has banned the use of the Nord Stream pipelines.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url= https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_25_1840 |website= ec.europa.eu |title= EU adopts 18th package of sanctions against Russia |date= 18 July 2025 |access-date= 22 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url= https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2025/07/18/eu-agrees-new-sanctions-on-russias-oil-and-banks-after-robert-fico-lifts-his-veto |website= euronews.com |title= EU imposes new sanctions on Russia's oil and banks after Robert Fico lifts his veto |date= 18 July 2025 |access-date= 22 July 2025}}</ref>

Pipelines carrying natural gas and oil from Russia to Central Europe continued to operate during the war in a reduced manner. They have been attacked several times; in May 2025 both sides accused each other of attacking gas infrastructure in Russia's Kursk Oblast. In August 2025 Ukraine repeatedly attacked pumping stations of Russia's [[Druzhba pipeline]], interrupting oil supply to Hungary and Slovakia,<ref name=gas_infra>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Polityuk |first1=Pavel |last2=Komuves |first2=Anita |last3=Dvorakova |first3=Vera |date=22 August 2025 |title=Ukrainian attack suspends Russian oil flows to Hungary, Slovakia |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/ukrainian-attack-suspends-russian-oil-flows-hungary-slovakia-2025-08-22/ |website=Reuters |location=Kyiv/Budapest |publisher=Thomson Reuters |access-date=23 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=28 March 2025 |title=Russia says Ukraine 'virtually destroys' gas infrastructure in Sudzha |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-says-ukraine-virtually-destroys-key-sudzha-gas-station-2025-03-28/ |website=Reuters |location=Moscow |publisher=Thomson Reuters |access-date=23 August 2025}}</ref> while the same month a Russian attack on Ukrainian energy infrastructure left more than 100,000 households without electricity.<ref name="u402">{{#invoke:cite|web| title=More than 100,000 Ukrainian homes lose power after Russia targets energy sites | website=France 24 | date=27 August 2025 | url=https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20250827-more-than-100-000-ukrainian-homes-lose-power-as-russia-targets-energy-sites | access-date=30 August 2025}}</ref>

By 28 August 2025, Ukraine's campaign to strike at Russia's petroleum industry had hit ten oil refineries and was estimated by [[Reuters]] to have disrupted Russia's refinery capacity by at least 17% or 1.1 million barrels a day.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url= https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russia-says-it-put-out-fire-large-oil-refinery-after-latest-ukrainian-drone-2025-08-28/ |work= [[Reuters]] |title= Russia says it put out fire at large oil refinery after latest Ukrainian drone attack |date= 25 August 2025 |access-date= 30 August 2025}}</ref> The effect was a fuel crisis in Crimea and both southern and far eastern regions with price surges and dry gas stations.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/aug/27/frustrated-russians-grapple-with-fuel-crisis-as-ukraine-attacks-oil-refineries |work= theguardian.com |title= Frustrated Russians grapple with fuel crisis as Ukraine attacks oil refineries |first= Pjotr |last= Sauer |date= 27 August 2025 |access-date= 30 August 2025}}</ref> In September 2025 the [[International Energy Agency]] stated that Russia's revenues from [[Petroleum industry in Russia|oil product exports]] had in August declined to five-year lows, contributing to Russia's economic slowdown.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url= https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russias-oil-fuel-export-revenue-fell-august-iea-says-2025-09-11/ |website= reuters.com |title= Russia's oil and fuel export revenue fell in August, IEA says |date= 11 September 2025 |access-date= 11 September 2025}}</ref> Acknowledging Russia's strained [[Energy in Russia|energy system]], President [[Vladimir Putin]] pointed to Russia's [[Coal in Russia|coal reserves]] to offset its gas shortage, insufficient infrastructure, and underdeveloped grid economy.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url= https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-economy-putin-coal-gas-shortage-crisis-ukraine-drone-strikes-2025-9 |website= businessinsider.com |title= Putin's energy fix for drone-hit Russia: Dig up more coal |first= Huileng |last= Tan |date= 11 September 2025 |access-date= 11 September 2025}}</ref>

Following its 14 September 2025 attack on Russia's second-largest refinery, [[Kinef]], the [[General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces]] claimed to be "working 'systematically' to weaken Russia's military and economic capabilities with a particular focus on fuel, weapons, and ammunition production."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url= https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/world/drones-strike-russias-major-export-oriented-oil-refinery/article70048651.ece |via= [[Business Line]] |work= [[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]] |title= Drones strike Russia's major export-oriented oil refinery |date= 14 September 2025 |access-date= 14 September 2025}}</ref>

== Foreign involvement ==
{{Main|Foreign involvement in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}

=== Support for Ukraine ===
{{Main|Military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian war}}

{{further|List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian war|International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine|International Legion (Ukraine)}}
[[File:Delivering military aid to Ukraine - detailed.svg|thumb|upright=1.5|{{center|'''Countries that have delivered military aid to Ukraine'''}}{{legend|#0071b2|Heavy weaponry}}{{legend|#75abd0|Light weaponry}}{{legend|#67f03c|Non-lethal materiel}}{{legend|#feda77|Non-materiel}}{{legend|#893f9e|Ukraine}}]]

Many countries have supplied military aid to Ukraine, including weaponry, equipment, training, and logistical support. Several imposed limited sanctions on Russia in the prelude to the invasion and applied new sanctions when the invasion began, intending to cripple the Russian economy;<ref name="DA">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Melander |first1=Ingrid |last2=Gabriela |first2=Baczynska |date=24 February 2022 |title=EU targets Russian economy after 'deluded autocrat' Putin invades Ukraine |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-launch-new-sanctions-against-russia-over-barbaric-attack-ukraine-2022-02-24/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226002323/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/eu-launch-new-sanctions-against-russia-over-barbaric-attack-ukraine-2022-02-24/ |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=[[Reuters]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|date=25 February 2022 |title=Western Countries Agree To Add Putin, Lavrov To Sanctions List |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/eu-sanctions-putin-lavrov/31723682.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226005425/https://www.rferl.org/a/eu-sanctions-putin-lavrov/31723682.html |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Funakoshi |first1=Minami |last2=Lawson |first2=Hugh |last3=Deka |first3=Kannaki |date=9 March 2022 |title=Tracking sanctions against Russia |url=https://graphics.reuters.com/UKRAINE-CRISIS/SANCTIONS/byvrjenzmve/ |access-date=28 May 2022 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> sanctions targeted individuals, banks, businesses, monetary exchanges, exports, and imports.<ref name="DA"/>

[[File:Fumio Kishida at the issuance of the Joint Declaration on Assistance to Ukraine at the 2023 NATO Summit (3).jpg|thumb|Ukrainian president [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] and Western leaders at the [[2023 Vilnius summit|NATO Summit in Vilnius]] on 12 July 2023]]

Military assistance has mostly been co-ordinated through the [[Ukraine Defence Contact Group]], whose more than fifty countries include all 32 [[Member states of NATO|member states]] of [[NATO]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=NATO's response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine |url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_192648.htm |access-date=27 October 2022 |website=[[NATO]]}}</ref> From January 2022 to January 2024, $380 billion in aid to Ukraine was tracked by the [[Kiel Institute for the World Economy|Kiel Institute]].<ref name="cnn-aid">{{#invoke:cite|news|first1=Rachel|last1=Wilson|first2=Lou|last2=Robinson|first3=Henrik |last3=Pettersson|date=20 March 2024 |title=Ukraine aid: Where the money is coming from, in 4 charts |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/10/05/world/ukraine-money-military-aid-intl-dg/index.html |work=CNN}}</ref> European countries have provided the most aid in total (military, financial and humanitarian).<ref name="CNN US investment">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=21 September 2023|last=Wolf|first=Zachary|title=$113 billion: Where the US investment in Ukraine aid has gone |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/09/21/politics/war-funding-ukraine-what-matters/index.html |work=CNN}}</ref> Estonia and Denmark have provided the most military aid as a share of GDP.<ref name="CFR"/> The European Union co-ordinated the supply of military aid for the first time.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Military assistance to Ukraine since the Russian invasion |url=https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/cbp-9477/ |website=[[House of Commons Library]] |date=12 May 2024 |last1=Mills |first1=Claire}}</ref> The [[United States and the Russian invasion of Ukraine|US has provided]] the most military assistance to Ukraine,<ref name="CNN US investment"/> and has set aside $175 billion to help the country.<ref name="CFR">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=How Much U.S. Aid Is Going to Ukraine? |url=https://www.cfr.org/article/how-much-us-aid-going-ukraine |website=[[Council on Foreign Relations]] |date=27 September 2024}}</ref> Most of the US military aid has been old American weaponry and equipment from [[War reserve stock|reserve stockpiles]], while most of the US funding earmarked for Ukraine stays in the US economy and supports US industries, subsidising the manufacture of weapons and military equipment.<ref name="CFR"/><ref name="Lawfare">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=How America's Aid to Ukraine Actually Works |url=https://www.lawfaremedia.org/article/how-america-s-aid-to-ukraine-actually-works |website=[[Lawfare (website)|Lawfare]] |date=16 July 2024}}</ref> Bulgaria supplied Ukraine with over one third of the ammunition needed in the early phase of the invasion and a plurality of needed fuel.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Volkmann-Schluck |first=Philip |date=18 January 2023 |title=Bulgaria to the rescue: How the EU's poorest country secretly saved Ukraine |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/bulgaria-volodymyr-zelenskyy-kiril-petkov-poorest-country-eu-ukraine/ |access-date=18 January 2023 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> Most of Ukraine's supporters ruled out sending troops to the country in the early months of the invasion.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=LeBlanc |first=Paul |date=28 February 2022 |title=Why the US isn't sending troops into Ukraine |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/27/politics/us-troops-ukraine-russia-what-matters/index.html |access-date=20 April 2022 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Although [[India and the Russian invasion of Ukraine|India has maintained a neutral stance]] on the invasion,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=How India Profits From Its Neutrality in the Ukraine War |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/06/22/business/india-russia-oil.html |work=The New York Times |date=22 June 2023}}</ref> reports indicate that artillery shells made by Indian manufacturers were sold to European countries and then diverted to Ukraine. Indian officials have not intervened despite objections from Russia.<ref name="reuters-2024-09-19">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Brunnstrom |first=David |title=Ammunition from India enters Ukraine, raising Russian ire |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/ammunition-india-enters-ukraine-raising-russian-ire-2024-09-19/ |access-date=30 September 2024 |work=Reuters |date=19 September 2024}}</ref>

The Russian government has threatened retaliation against countries supplying military aid to Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russia accuses Nato of 'proxy war' in Ukraine as US hosts crucial defence summit |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/26/russia-accuses-nato-of-proxy-war-in-ukraine-as-us-hosts-crucial-defence-summit |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=26 April 2022}}</ref> According to the [[Atlantic Council]]'s Peter Dickinson, Russia's government has not followed through on its threats, despite most of its "[[Red lines in the Russo-Ukrainian war|red lines]]" being crossed.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Dickinson |first1=Peter |title=Putin is becoming entangled in his own discredited red lines |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/putin-is-becoming-entangled-in-his-own-discredited-red-lines/ |work=[[Atlantic Council]] |date=17 September 2024}}</ref>

Since the start of Russia's invasion, the US has been sharing intelligence with Ukraine, with a focus on finished signal intelligence to aid in targeting.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Najibullah |first1=Farangis |last2=Dobrynin |first2=Sergei |date=8 March 2025 |title=How Important Is US Intelligence For Ukraine's War Effort? |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/us-intelligence-sharing-pause-restrictions-ukraine/33340241.html |publisher=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty |access-date=24 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Murauskaite |first=Egle E. |title=U.S. Assistance to Ukraine in the Information Space: Intelligence, Cyber, and Signaling |url=https://www.start.umd.edu/sites/default/files/publications/local_attachments/ATAC%20-%20U.S.%20Assistance%20to%20Ukraine%20in%20the%20Information%20Space.pdf |access-date=24 December 2025}}</ref> In March 2025, the US paused intelligence sharing with Ukraine,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Vincent |first1=Elise |last2=Grynszpan |first2=Emmanuel |date=7 March 2025 |title="Pause" of US intelligence sharing with Ukraine poses unprecedented challenges for allies |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/03/07/pause-of-us-intelligence-sharing-with-ukraine-poses-unprecedented-challenges-for-allies_6738929_4.html |access-date=24 December 2025}}</ref> only to resume it a few days later.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hudson |first1=John |last2=Dixon |first2=Robyn |title=U.S. lifts pause on Ukraine aid as Kyiv agrees to ceasefire proposal |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2025/03/11/ukraine-us-jeddah-rubio-russia-talks/ |date=11 March 2025 |access-date=24 December 2025 |newspaper=The Washington Post |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250311134409/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2025/03/11/ukraine-us-jeddah-rubio-russia-talks/ |archive-date=11 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=U.S.-Ukraine Intelligence Sharing: A Conversation with Calder Walton |url=https://www.belfercenter.org/research-analysis/us-ukraine-intelligence-sharing-conversation-calder-walton |access-date=24 December 2025 |date=12 March 2025 |work=Belfer Center}}</ref> In October 2025, the ''Wall Street Journal'' and Reuters reported that the US was to provide intelligence to enable long-range strikes on Russian energy infrastructure deep in Russian territory.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pancevski |first1=Bojan |last2=Ward |first2=Alexander |last3=Seligman |first3=Lara |title=U.S. to Provide Ukraine With Intelligence for Missile Strikes Deep Inside Russia |date=1 October 2025 |url=https://www.wsj.com/world/europe/u-s-to-provide-ukraine-with-intelligence-for-missile-strikes-deep-inside-russia-ca7b2276 |access-date=24 December 2025 |publisher=Wall Street Journal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251002103757/https://www.wsj.com/world/europe/u-s-to-provide-ukraine-with-intelligence-for-missile-strikes-deep-inside-russia-ca7b2276 |archive-date=2 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Holland |first1=Steve |last2=Slattery |first2=Gram |title=US to give Ukraine intelligence on long-range energy targets in Russia |date=2 October 2025 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/us-provide-ukraine-with-intelligence-missile-strikes-deep-inside-russia-wsj-2025-10-01/ |access-date=24 December 2025 |publisher=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sabbagh |first1=Dan |last2=Roth |first2=Andrew |date=2 October 2025 |title=US to give Ukraine intelligence on long-range energy targets in Russia, say reports |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/oct/02/us-give-ukraine-intelligence-long-range-energy-targets-russia-reports |access-date=24 December 2025 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> In November 2025, Reuters reported that the US threatened to cut intelligence sharing to pressure Ukraine into negotiating a peace agreement.<ref>{{cite news |last=Balmforth |first=Tom |title=Exclusive: US threatens to cut intel, weapons to press Ukraine into peace deal, sources say |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/us-threatens-cut-intel-weapons-press-ukraine-into-peace-deal-sources-2025-11-21/ |date=22 November 2025 |access-date=24 December 2025 |work=Reuters}}</ref>

By January 2026, according to French president Macron, the [[Coalition of the willing (Russo-Ukrainian war)|coalition of the willing]] was providing all of the international military support to Ukraine, with France providing two-thirds of the military intelligence.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dariia |first1=Mykailenko |title=France Supplies Majority of Intelligence Ukraine Uses in War With Russia, Macron Says |url=https://united24media.com/latest-news/france-supplies-majority-of-intelligence-ukraine-uses-in-war-with-russia-macron-says-15064 |access-date=15 January 2026 |work=UNITED24 Media |date=15 January 2026 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Macron: Coalition of the Willing provides 100% military support to Ukraine |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/4080694-macron-coalition-of-the-willing-provides-100-military-support-to-ukraine.html |access-date=15 January 2026 |work=ukrinform.net |date=15 January 2026 |language=en}}</ref> In April 2026, reports emerged that Ukrainian [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16]] pilots had gone through an [[Royal Air Force|RAF]]-led program and were being instructed to operate in [[Global Positioning System|GPS]]-denied environments due to extensive Russian electronic warfare.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Epstein |first=Jake |title=Ukraine's future F-16 fighter pilots are learning to fly without GPS as Russian jamming complicates air combat |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/ukrainian-pilots-flight-training-without-gps-prepare-for-russian-jamming-2026-4 |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Epstein |first=Jake |title=Ukrainian pilots are breaking from Soviet-era tactics and learning to fly with a Western mindset |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/ukrainian-pilots-break-from-soviet-mindset-fly-with-western-thinking-2026-4 |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref> In June 2026, with a 90bn euro loan from the EU for increasing Ukrainian defence, President Zelenskyy said his government will raise military wages and recruit foreign soldiers to counter manpower shortages.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2026-06-13 |title=Ukraine war briefing: Zelenskyy boosts army wages and seeks foreign recruits to counter manpower shortage |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/jun/13/ukraine-war-briefing-zelenskyy-boosts-army-wages-foreign-seeks-foreign-recruits |access-date=2026-06-14 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

=== Support for Russia ===
{{Main|Support for Russia in the Russian invasion of Ukraine}}

[[File:Countries supplying military equipment to Russia during the 2022 Russian invasion.png|thumb|upright=1.5|
{{legend|#ffb0ca|Countries sending weaponry to Russia}}
{{legend|#810000|Russia}}
{{legend|#ffff00|Ukraine}}]]

==== Belarus ====
{{See also|Belarusian involvement in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}

Belarus has allowed Russia to use its territory to stage part of the invasion and to launch missiles into Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=31 January 2023 |title=Lukashenko: Belarus willing to offer more help to Russia |work=[[AP News]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-politics-belarus-government-alexander-lukashenko-1124dbad889ccc6d269069e501a31fa6 |access-date=26 April 2023}}</ref> Belarus airspace was used by Russia, including for [[Airborne early warning and control|radar early warning and control]] missions, until 2023, when a Russian [[Beriev A-50]] surveillance plane was [[Machulishchy air base attack|damaged by drones]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=23 July 2024 |title=Почему российские "шахеды" залетают в Беларусь и чем это опасно для Украины |url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/articles/crg51dr8lmqo |access-date=23 July 2024 |website=BBC News Русская служба |language=ru}}</ref> Belarus is considered a [[Co-belligerence|co-belligerent]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last=Lozka |first=Katsiaryna |url=http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-01HGZF2NV7XH9AVKAZSP0VSVX3 |title=Between the hammer and the anvil : Belarus, its people, and Russia's war against Ukraine |date=2023 |isbn=978-83-67678-29-2 |volume=6 |publisher=Instytut Europy Środkowej |hdl=1854/LU-01HGZF2NV7XH9AVKAZSP0VSVX3}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Putin's Strategic Failure |url=https://www.iiss.org/sv/online-analysis/survival-online/2022/04/putins-strategic-failure/ |access-date=28 June 2024 |website=IISS}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Humphreys |first1=Richard |last2=Paegļkalna |first2=Lauma |title=Combat Without Warfighting: Non-Belligerent Actors and the Russian Invasion of Ukraine |ssrn=4048994 }}</ref> Political scientist Matthew Frear considers Belarus a co-combatant, with "[[Alexander Lukashenko|Lukashenko]] repeatedly stating his support for Putin's military actions",<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last1=Baturo |first1=Alex |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9CcHEQAAQBAJ&dq=a+co-combatant+in+the+invasion,+as+Lukashenko+repeatedly+stated+his+support+for&pg=PA195 |title=Personalism and Personalist Regimes |last2=Anceschi |first2=Luca |last3=Cavatorta |first3=Francesco |date=10 May 2024 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-266471-6 |page=195 |language=en}}</ref> while ''the 2023 issue of the Armed Conflict Survey'' classified it as not a direct co-combatant.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|author=The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ueznEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Belarus+remains+a+co-belligerent+but+not+a+co-combatant%22&pg=RA3-PT42 |title=Armed Conflict Survey 2023 |date=6 December 2023 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-040-01544-5 |quote=... Belarus remains a co-belligerent but not a co-combatant, providing extensive assistance to Russia – including the use of its territory to base Russian forces and launch attacks – without directly intervening with its own military assets ...}}</ref> Belarus provided Russia with weapons and ammunition, and later, according to the 2024 issue of ''Armed Conflict Survey'', Russia deployed tactical nuclear weapons in Belarus.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|last=Studies (IISS) |first=The International Institute for Strategic |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Clc3EQAAQBAJ&dq=%22Belarusian+territory+to+launch+ground+and+air+%22&pg=PT145 |title=The Armed Conflict Survey 2024 |date=12 December 2024 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-040-33815-5 |page=82 |language=en}}</ref>

==== Iran ====
{{See also|Iran and the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}

In June 2023, US military intelligence suggested Iran was providing both [[Shahed drone|Shahed combat drones]] and production materials to develop a [[Yelabuga drone factory|drone manufactory]] for Russia.<ref>
{{#invoke:cite|web|date=9 June 2023 |title=White House says Iran is helping Russia build a drone factory east of Moscow for the war in Ukraine |url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/2023/06/09/white-house-says-iran-is-helping-russia-build-a-drone-factory-east-of-moscow-for-the-war-in-ukraine-2/ |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=Sun Sentinel}}</ref> In February 2024, a [[Reuters]] report indicated that Iran sent ballistic missiles to the Russian military.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=21 February 2024 |title=Exclusive: Iran sends Russia hundreds of ballistic missiles |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/iran-sends-russia-hundreds-ballistic-missiles-sources-say-2024-02-21/ |access-date=23 February 2024 |website=Reuters}}</ref> According to the US and Ukraine, Iranian troops have been stationed in Crimea to assist Russia in launching drone attacks against civilians and civilian infrastructure.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Madhani |first1=Aamer |last2=Miller |first2=Zeke |date=21 October 2022 |title=US: Iranian troops in Crimea backing Russian drone strikes |url=https://apnews.com/article/government-and-politics-8b085070758120c31d421f68a65e4b14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503164518/https://apnews.com/article/government-and-politics-8b085070758120c31d421f68a65e4b14 |archive-date=3 May 2023 |access-date=22 November 2024 |publisher=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Hird |first1=Karolina |last2=Mappes |first2=Grace |last3=Bailey |first3=Riley |last4=Howard |first4=Angela |last5=Kagan |first5=Frederick W. |date=25 November 2022 |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, November 25 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-november-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214005539/https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-november-25 |archive-date=14 December 2023 |access-date=22 November 2024 |publisher=[[Institute for the Study of War]]}}</ref> Iran has denied sending arms to Russia for use against Ukraine.<ref name="CNN: Iran denies supplying Russia with weapons for use in Ukraine"/>

==== North Korea ====
{{See also|North Korean involvement in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}

[[North Korea]] has supplied Russia with ballistic missiles and launchers.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Axe |first1=David |title=Russia Got 7,500-Pound Rockets From North Korea—And Promptly Blew Up A Pair Of Ukrainian Supply Bases |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2024/01/05/russia-got-7500-pound-rockets-from-north-korea-and-promptly-blew-up-a-pair-of-ukrainian-supply-bases/?sh=208781e9363f |access-date=8 January 2024 |work=[[Forbes]] }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Did Russia Fire North Korean Missiles At Ukraine? |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-ukraine-north-korea-war-missiles-kn-23/32765450.html |access-date=8 January 2024 |work=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] |date=8 January 2024 }}</ref> In October 2024, Ukraine and [[South Korea]] claimed North Korean engineers had been deployed to the battlefield to help with the launch of these missiles and suffered casualties.<ref name="The Guardian: North Korean Troops Deployed">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Graham-Harrison |first1=Emma |last2=McCurry |first2=Justin |name-list-style=and |date=10 October 2024 |title=North Koreans deployed alongside Russian troops in Ukraine, sources say |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/oct/10/north-korea-engineers-deployed-russia-ukraine |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] }}</ref><ref name="k284">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Jochecová |first=Ketrin |date=8 October 2024 |title=North Korean soldiers are likely dying for Putin in Ukraine, Seoul says |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/north-korean-soldiers-are-likely-fighting-in-ukraine-seouls-defense-minister-says/ |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=[[Politico]] }}</ref><ref name="a180">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Lee |first=Youkyung |date=9 October 2024 |title=North Korea Seen Likely to Send Troops to Ukraine to Aid Russia |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-10-09/north-korea-seen-likely-to-send-troops-to-ukraine-to-aid-russia |access-date=10 October 2024 |website=[[Bloomberg News|Bloomberg]] }}</ref> In October 2024, Zelensky announced that Ukrainian intelligence believed there were 10,000 North Korean troops preparing to join Russian forces.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Cecil |first=Nicholas |date=17 October 2024 |title=Putin military doubling 'kamikaze' drone attacks on Ukraine to 1,500 last month, say western officials |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/vladimir-putin-ukraine-drone-attacks-russia-double-b1188508.html |newspaper=[[Evening Standard]] }}</ref> The North Korean government stated that none of their soldiers were fighting for Russia.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=22 October 2024 |title=North Korea UN representative denies Pyongyang sent troops to Russia |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/east-asia/north-korea-united-nations-represenative-denies-pyongyangg-troops-russia-4693886 |access-date=2 November 2024 |work=CNA |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113011116/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/east-asia/north-korea-united-nations-represenative-denies-pyongyangg-troops-russia-4693886 |archive-date=13 November 2024 |quote=North Korea has not sent troops to Russia to help Moscow fight Ukraine, one of its United Nations representatives said on Monday (Oct 22), dismissing Seoul's claims as 'groundless rumour'.}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=23 October 2024 |title=North Korea UN representative denies Pyongyang sent troops to Russia |url=https://www.trtworld.com/asia/north-korea-un-representative-denies-pyongyang-sent-troops-to-russia-18223088 |access-date=2 November 2024 |work=[[TRT World]] }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Denisova |first=Kateryna |date=22 October 2024 |title=North Korea denies sending troops to join Russia's war in Ukraine, dismisses 'groundless rumors' |url=https://kyivindependent.com/north-korea-denies-alleged-troops-sending-to-fight-russian-war-as-groundless-rumors/ |access-date=2 November 2024 |work=[[The Kyiv Independent]] }}</ref>

US officials reported that North Korea had sent 3,000 soldiers to Russia for possible deployment to Ukraine, who had been transported by ship in October and were training at three military bases in eastern Russia.<ref name="y335">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Phil Stewart |first=Hyonhee Shin |date=23 October 2024 |title=US says evidence shows North Korea has troops in Russia, possibly for Ukraine war |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/north-korea-has-sent-3000-troops-russia-ukraine-war-south-korean-lawmakers-say-2024-10-23/ |access-date=24 October 2024 |work=[[Reuters]] }}</ref> On 28 October, NATO chief [[Mark Rutte]] confirmed earlier Ukrainian intelligence that North Korean troops had been deployed to [[Kursk Oblast]] to support Russia against the [[Kursk offensive (2024–2025)|Kursk offensive]], and the Pentagon reported that around 10,000 North Korean soldiers had been sent in total.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=29 October 2024 |title=Russia to deploy 10,000 North Korean troops against Ukraine within 'weeks', Pentagon says |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/oct/29/russia-north-korean-troops-ukraine-war |access-date=29 October 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] }}</ref><ref name="i587">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Phil Stewart |first=Andrew Gray |date=28 October 2024 |title=No new limits on Ukraine's use of US arms if North Korea joins fight, Pentagon says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/nato-chief-says-he-can-confirm-north-korean-troops-are-russias-kursk-2024-10-28/ |access-date=28 October 2024 |work=[[Reuters]] }}</ref><ref name="k484">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=28 October 2024 |title=NATO, Pentagon confirm deployment of North Korean troops to Russia |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/28/nato-pentagon-confirm-deployment-of-north-korean-troops-to-russia |access-date=28 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] }}</ref>

[[File:Andrei Belousov and No Kwang-chol, 2024.jpg|thumb|Russian Defence Minister [[Andrey Belousov]] with North Korean Defence Minister [[No Kwang-chol]] on 29 November 2024]]
On 7 November, Ukraine's defence minister reported that North Korean troops had engaged in battle on 5 November in Kursk oblast,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=7 November 2024 |title=North Korean Soldiers Fighting in Kursk |url=https://fu.kyivpost.com/post/41862 |access-date=7 December 2024 |work=[[Kyiv Post]] }}</ref> a report that was confirmed by US and South Korean officials.<ref name="r219">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=13 November 2024 |title=US confirms North Korean troops joining Russia in combat against Ukraine |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/korea/2024/11/13/north-korea-us-kursk-confirm/ |first=Taejun |last=Kang |access-date=14 November 2024 |website=[[Radio Free Asia]] }}</ref><ref name="b215">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=13 November 2024 |title=South Korea says North Korean soldiers are fighting Ukraine forces |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/south-korea-says-north-korean-soldiers-are-fighting-ukraine-forces-2024-11-13/ |access-date=14 November 2024 |work=[[Reuters]] }}</ref><ref name="u951">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=16 November 2024 |title=Language barriers and inexperience may hamper North Korean troops on Russia's battlefield |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/language-barriers-inexperience-may-hamper-north-korean-troops-russias-rcna177756 |first1=Stella |last1=Kim |first2=Mithil |last2=Aggarwal |access-date=16 November 2024 |work=[[NBC News]] }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Vergun |first=David |date=18 November 2024 |title=North Korean Troops Enter Kursk Where Ukrainians Are Fighting |url=https://www.war.gov/News/News-Stories/Article/Article/3968230/north-korean-troops-enter-kursk-where-ukrainians-are-fighting/ |access-date=3 December 2024 |website=U.S. Department of Defence }}</ref> On 24 November, the Ukrainian chief of general staff confirmed that North Korean troops had been engaged in battle.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Zimko |first=Oleksandra |date=24 November 2024 |title=DPRK soldiers already participated in battles against Ukrainian Armed Forces in Kursk region |url=https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/dprk-soldiers-already-participated-in-battles-1732480243.html |access-date=7 December 2024 |website=RBC-Ukraine }}</ref> On 2 December the Pentagon noted that North Korean soldiers had been integrated into Russian units,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=3 December 2024 |title=Pentagon addresses DPRK troops' role in Russia's offensive |url=https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/pentagon-addresses-dprk-troops-role-in-russia-1733186791.html |access-date=3 December 2024 |website=RBC-Ukraine }}</ref> reports that were echoed by the Ukrainian intelligence directorate.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=3 December 2024 |title=2,000 North Korean Troops Led by 3 Generals Join Russians Against Ukraine – Intel |url=https://www.kyivpost.com/post/43184 |access-date=5 December 2024 |work=[[Kyiv Post]] }}</ref> On 16 December, the US confirmed that North Korean troops had been killed in combat in Russia's Kursk oblast.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=North Korean troops killed in combat against Ukraine for first time, Pentagon says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/north-korean-troops-killed-combat-against-ukraine-first-time-pentagon-says-2024-12-16/ |work=[[Reuters]] }}</ref> By 18 December, the number of killed and wounded North Korean soldiers had reportedly reached a couple of hundred,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=17 December 2024 |title=A couple hundred North Korean troops killed, wounded in battles with Ukrainian forces |url=https://apnews.com/article/north-korea-ukraine-casualties-kursk-russia-a1207ba61ded5061f721ffa0f0650851 |access-date=18 December 2024 |work=[[AP News]] }}</ref> while South Korea reported 100 North Koreans dead and 1000 injured.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=At least 100 North Koreans dead in Ukraine war, says South Korea |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cm2ezx258xzo |access-date=21 December 2024 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=19 December 2024 }}</ref> [[United States Army Judge Advocate General's Corps|US Army JAG]] officers Steve Szymanski and Joshua Keruski stated that North Korea had become a party to an international armed conflict with Ukraine as of the 5 November engagement.<ref name="Szymanski & Keruski">{{#invoke:cite|journal|last1=Szymanski |first1=Steve |last2=Keruski |first2=Joshua C. T. |title=Ukraine Symposium – North Korea's Entry into International Armed Conflict |journal=Articles of War |date=10 December 2024 |url=https://lieber.westpoint.edu/north-koreas-entry-international-armed-conflict/|publisher=[[Lieber Institute for Law & Warfare|Lieber Institute]] |access-date=8 January 2025 }}</ref>

Zelenskyy showcased footage that he said showed Russian troops burning the faces of killed North Korean soldiers to conceal their presence on the battlefield.<ref name="i614">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russians 'burning faces' of dead North Koreans to keep them secret: Zelenskyy |website=[[Radio Free Asia]] |date=17 December 2024 |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/korea/2024/12/17/north-korean-soldier-video-russia-12172024/ |access-date=18 December 2024 }}</ref><ref name="q291">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine reports North Korean losses on Russia's Kursk front |work=[[Reuters]] |date=16 December 2024 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-reports-north-korean-losses-russias-kursk-front-2024-12-16/ |access-date=18 December 2024 }}</ref><ref name="f970">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Psaropoulos |first=John T. |title=North Koreans are 'disciplined', armed with high-quality ammo, says Ukraine |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |date=27 January 2025 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/1/27/more-north-korean-troops-headed-to-ukraine-as-conflict-goes-global |access-date=27 January 2025 }}</ref><ref name="d245">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Melkozerova |first=Veronika |title=Suicide and soap operas: North Koreans react to being Ukrainian POWs |work=[[Politico]] |date=21 January 2025 |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/north-korea-soldiers-russia-ukrainian-pow-soap-opera-suicide/ |access-date=27 January 2025 }}</ref>

In January 2025, two North Korean servicemen were taken prisoner while fighting in Kursk Oblast. Intelligence debriefings indicate that North Korean soldiers have been issued false military papers stating that they are Russians from [[Tuva]].<ref name="nk-soldiers-captured">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Harding |first=Luke |title=Suicides, new tactics and propaganda iPads: details from captured North Koreans expose new foe in Ukraine |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=18 January 2025 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/jan/18/suicides-new-tactics-and-propaganda-ipads-details-from-captured-north-koreans-expose-new-foe-in-ukraine |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119023832/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/jan/18/suicides-new-tactics-and-propaganda-ipads-details-from-captured-north-koreans-expose-new-foe-in-ukraine |archive-date=19 January 2025 |access-date=19 January 2025}}</ref> In March 2025, South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff said that North Korea had sent an additional 3,000 soldiers early in the year, along with military equipment including short-range ballistic missiles. According to South Korea, roughly 11,000 North Korean soldiers had been sent to Russia, 4,000 of whom were killed or wounded.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Harvey |first=Lex |title=North Korea has sent 3,000 more soldiers to bolster Russia's war on Ukraine, South Korea says |work=[[CNN]] |date=27 March 2025 |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2025/03/27/europe/north-korea-russia-ukraine-soldiers-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=22 April 2025 }}</ref> The same month, Russia acknowledged the presence of North Korean soldiers fighting in Kursk for the first time.<ref name="x755">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Munster |first=Ben |title=Russia claims complete 'liberation' of Kursk, admits North Korea assistance |work=[[Politico]] |date=26 April 2025 |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/kremlin-claims-complete-liberation-kursk-admits-north-korea-assistance-ukraine-war/ |access-date=26 April 2025 }}</ref>

In June 2025, former Russian defence minister Sergei Shoigu announced that 1,000 North Korean military workers would be deployed to Kursk for demining, and another 5,000 for reconstruction.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=North Korea to send military construction workers, deminers to rebuild Russia's Kursk region |url=https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20250617-north-korea-to-send-military-construction-workers-and-deminers-to-russia |access-date=12 August 2025 |agency=[[Agence France-Presse|AFP]] |date=17 June 2025}}</ref> The BBC reported that, in 2024, more than 10,000 North Korean workers were sent to work in "slave-like conditions" in Russian construction and other sectors "in violation of the UN sanctions banning the use of North Korean labour." A South Korean intelligence official told the BBC that as many as 50,000 workers were to be deployed in 2025.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Mackenzie |first1=Jean |title=North Koreans tell BBC they are being sent to work 'like slaves' in Russia |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c2077gwjlvxo |access-date=12 August 2025 |agency=[[BBC]] |date=12 August 2025}}</ref>

==== Others and sanction evasions ====
{{See also|China and the Russo-Ukrainian war|India and the Russian invasion of Ukraine}}
[[File:2024 BRICS Summit (1729758533).jpg|thumb|Putin and Chinese president [[Xi Jinping]] at the [[16th BRICS summit]] in [[Kazan]], Russia. Most of the [[Global North and Global South|Global South]] countries took a neutral position towards the war and maintained good relations with Russia.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Shidore |first1=Sarang |title=The Return of the Global South |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/world/return-global-south-critique-western-power |work=[[Foreign Affairs]] |date=31 August 2023 }}</ref>]]
''[[Politico]]'' reported in March 2023 that Chinese state-owned weapons manufacturer [[Norinco]] shipped assault rifles, drone parts, and body armour to Russia between June and December 2022, with some shipments via third countries including [[Turkey]] and the [[United Arab Emirates]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Banco |first1=Eric |last2=Aarup |first2=Sarah Anne |date=16 March 2023 |title='Hunting rifles' — really? China ships assault weapons and body armor to Russia |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2023/03/16/chinese-rifles-body-armor-russia-ukraine-00087398 |work=[[Politico]] }}</ref> According to the US, Chinese ammunition has been used on battlefields in Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=18 March 2023 |title=Use of Chinese ammunition in Ukraine confirmed by U.S.: sources |url=https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2023/03/48412a76107a-urgent-use-of-chinese-ammunition-in-ukraine-confirmed-by-us-sources.html |website=[[Kyodo News]] }}</ref> In May 2023, the European Union identified that Chinese and UAE firms were supplying weapon components to Russia.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Rettman |first=Andrew |date=9 May 2023 |title=The EU fears that Chinese and UAE firms could be supplying weapons components to Russia, new sanctions indicate |url=https://euobserver.com/world/157011 |work=[[EU Observer]] }}</ref> In April 2024, China was reported to have provided Russia with [[geospatial intelligence]], machine tools for tanks, and propellants for missiles.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Nardelli |first1=Alberto |last2=Jacobs |first2=Jennifer |date=6 April 2024 |title=China Is Providing Geospatial Intelligence to Russia, US Warns |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-04-06/china-is-providing-geospatial-intelligence-to-russia-us-warns |access-date=6 April 2024 |work=[[Bloomberg News]] }}</ref> In September 2024, Reuters reported documents indicating Russia had established a weapons programme in China to develop and produce long-range attack drones, with assistance from local specialists, for use in the invasion.<ref name="k324">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Exclusive: Russia has secret war drones project in China, intel sources say |work=[[Reuters]] |date=25 September 2024 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-has-secret-war-drones-project-china-intel-sources-say-2024-09-25/ |access-date=16 November 2024 }}</ref> In July 2025, Ukraine's [[Main Directorate of Intelligence (Ukraine)|Main Directorate of Intelligence]] reported that [[Laos]] had sent a 50-person demining crew to Kursk, though Laos denied the claim.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://understandingwar.org/backgrounder/adversary-entente-task-force-update-july-16 |last1=Shats |first1=Daniel|last2=Mappes |first2=Grace |last3=Campa |first3=Kelly |last4=Hird |first4=Karolina |last5=Kagan |first5=Frederick W. |title=Adversary Entente Task Force Update, July 16 |publisher=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |date=16 July 2025 |access-date=25 July 2025}}</ref>

Russia imports sensitive electronics, machinery, auto parts, and defence equipment from India.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Walsh |first1=Nick Paton |last2=Davey-Attlee |first2=Florence |name-list-style=and |date=19 February 2024 |title=The Kremlin has never been richer – thanks to a US strategic partner |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/02/19/europe/russia-oil-india-shadow-fleet-cmd-intl/index.html |access-date=15 September 2024 |work=[[CNN]] }}</ref> Trade like oil sales has surged since 2022, boosting revenue for Russian state-owned companies. To bypass sanctions and manage its currency surplus, Russia pays in rupees, supporting both civilian and military needs.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russian firms buy $4 billion worth of India-made arms, pay in Indian rupee |url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/russian-firms-spend-4-billion-dollar-from-rupee-vostro-accounts-to-buy-india-arms-rupee-13769478.html |access-date=16 September 2024 |work=FP News }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=4 September 2024 |title=Russia built covert trade channel with India, leaks reveal |url=https://www.ft.com/content/101afcd6-8e6f-4b5f-89b0-98f48cd5d119 |first1=John |last1=Reed |first2=Max |last2=Seddon |first3=Chris |last3=Cook |first4=John Paul |last4=Rathbone |work=[[Financial Times]] }}</ref> Reuters reported in July 2025 that according to Indian customs data, an Indian company shipped military-use explosive compounds valued at $1.4 million to Russia in December 2024.<ref name="o455">{{#invoke:cite|web| last=Slattery | first=Gram | title=Exclusive: Indian firm shipped explosives to Russia despite US warnings | website=Reuters | date=24 July 2025 | url=https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/indian-firm-shipped-explosives-russia-despite-us-warnings-2025-07-24/ | access-date=24 July 2025}}</ref>

Russia has continued to make billions from fossil fuel exports to the West. Ukraine's Western allies{{which|date=November 2025}} have paid Russia more for its hydrocarbons than they have given Ukraine in aid. In 2025 [[Slovakia]] and [[Hungary]] rejected an EU plan to phase out deliveries of Russian gas via Turkey by 2028. "Laundromat refineries" in Turkey and India process Russian crude and sell the refined fuel to sanctioning countries.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web| title=Slovakia and Hungary reject EU plan to phase out Russian gas by end-2027 | work=Reuters | date=7 May 2025 | url=https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/slovakia-rejects-eu-plan-phase-out-russian-gas-by-end-2027-2025-05-07/ }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web| title=How the West is helping Russia to fund its war on Ukraine | date=29 May 2025 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cdxk454kxz8o }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web| title=The EU's continued trade with Russia undermines its support for Ukraine – EUROPP | date=9 October 2024 | url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2024/10/09/the-eus-continued-trade-with-russia-undermines-its-support-for-ukraine/ }}</ref> Russia has also developed partnerships with [[India]] and [[UAE|the UAE]] that actively support its efforts to evade sanctions.<ref name=":23">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russia dodges G7 price cap sanctions on most of its oil exports |url=https://www.ft.com/content/cad37c16-9cbd-473c-aa2f-102c21393d2e |access-date=21 May 2024 |newspaper=Financial Times |date=24 September 2023 |archive-date=26 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926003841/https://www.ft.com/content/cad37c16-9cbd-473c-aa2f-102c21393d2e |url-status=live |last1=Cook |first1=Chris |last2=Sheppard |first2=David |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web| last1=Saul | first1=Jonathan | last2=Verma | first2=Nidhi | last3=Verma | first3=Nidhi | title=Exclusive: Lloyd's Register drops ships of top Indian carrier of Russian oil | work=Reuters | date=26 May 2023 | url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/lloyds-register-drops-ships-top-indian-carrier-russian-oil-2023-05-25/ }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web| title=How Dubai became 'the new Geneva' for Russian oil trade | url=https://www.ft.com/content/7ac92047-b306-49d0-9811-ddde5c916dd6 | access-date=30 July 2025 | work=Financial Times |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

In 2022, approximately 400,000 US-made semiconductors worth $53.6 million were shipped to Russia via [[Maldives|the Maldives]], accounting for almost 20% the Maldives's exports. The Maldives has no native semiconductor manufacturers; all of its exports are by Russian shell companies, most headquartered in Hong Kong.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Maldives is second-largest microcircuit supplier to Russia after China |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2023/07/23/7412548/ |website=[[pravda.com.ua]] |access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Creel |first1=Katherine |last2=Yano |first2=Shoji |title=Maldives: Small island nation with big role shipping chips to Russia |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Tech/Semiconductors/Maldives-Small-island-nation-with-big-role-shipping-chips-to-Russia |website=[[Nikkei Asia]] |access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref> From 2015 to 2021, average annual trade between Russia and Turkey in 45 military-linked materials was $28 million; from January to October 2023, it was $158 million.<ref name=ftTurkeyRussiaTrade >Adam Samson in Ankara and Chris Cook and Max Seddon in London ''Financial Times'' [https://www.ft.com/content/1cef6628-32eb-49c9-a7f1-2aef9bce4239 (27 Nov 2023) Turkey's exports of military-linked goods to Russia soar]</ref>

From January 2022 to mid-2025, the United States imported $24.51 billion of Russian goods, mainly fertilisers, [[enriched uranium]] and [[plutonium]], and [[palladium]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Three years into war, US and Europe keep billions in trade with Russia |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/three-years-into-war-us-and-europe-keep-billions-trade-with-russia-2025-08-05/|date=6 August 2025 |access-date=15 August 2025 |work=Reuters |language=en}}</ref>

== Casualties ==
{{Further|Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian war#Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|List of deaths during the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}
[[File:Συνάντηση με ΥΠΕΞ Ουκρανίας D. Kuleba - Επίσκεψη σε Μνημείο πεσόντων υπερασπιστών Ουκρανίας (uncensored).jpg|thumb|[[The Wall of Remembrance of the Fallen for Ukraine|Wall of Remembrance]] of Ukrainian soldiers killed in the Russo-Ukrainian War]]
[[File:Українські захисники розгромили ворожу БТГ на Донеччині за кілька годин 09.jpg|thumb|Russian casualties next to a [[Z (military symbol)|Z]] marked armoured vehicle]]
[[File:Російські війська убили дітей в Охтирці.jpg|thumb|Casualties after two shells hit a two-storey building of a kindergarten in [[Okhtyrka]], causing about 50 people to be hospitalised]]

Russian and Ukrainian sources have both been said to inflate opposing casualty numbers and downplay their own losses for morale.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://theconversation.com/ukraine-war-casualty-counts-from-either-side-can-be-potent-weapons-and-shouldnt-always-be-believed-198894 |title=Ukraine war: casualty counts from either side can be potent weapons and shouldn't always be believed |publisher=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |date=1 February 2023 |first=Lily |last=Hamourtziadou }}</ref> Leaked US documents say "under-reporting of casualties within the [Russian] system highlights the military's 'continuing reluctance' to convey bad news up the chain of command."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-65260672 |first=Paul |last=Kirby |title=Ukraine war: Pentagon leaks reveal Russian infighting over death toll |work=[[BBC News]] |date=13 April 2023 }}</ref> Russian news outlets have largely stopped reporting the Russian death toll.<ref name="fortune">{{Cite magazine |last=Meyer |first=David |date=14 March 2022 |title=Why is it so hard to get accurate death tolls in the Russia-Ukraine war? |url=https://fortune.com/2022/03/14/ukraine-russia-death-tolls-misinformation-find-your-own/ |magazine=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |access-date=21 March 2022 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Roth |first=Andrew |date=22 March 2022 |title=How many Russian soldiers have died in the war in Ukraine? |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/22/how-many-russian-soldiers-died-ukraine-losses |access-date=22 March 2022 }}</ref> Russia and Ukraine have admitted suffering "significant"<ref name="tragedy">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=8 April 2022 |title=Russia admits 'significant losses of troops' in Ukraine |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/4/8/we-have-significant-losses-and-its-a-huge-tragedy-kremlin |access-date=17 September 2023 }}</ref> and "considerable" losses, respectively.<ref name="untilwarends">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=29 March 2022 |title=Ukraine not to reveal own military death toll until war ends |work=[[Ukrinform]] |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3443116-ukraine-not-to-reveal-own-military-death-toll-until-war-ends.html}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-66581217 |title='Dying by the dozens every day' – Ukraine losses climb |date=29 August 2023 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=17 September 2023 }}</ref>

The numbers of civilian and military deaths have been [[fog of war|impossible to determine]] precisely.<ref>
{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Khurshudyan |first1=Isabelle |last2=Witte |first2=Griff |date=26 February 2022 |title=Civilians are dying in Ukraine. But exactly how many remains a mystery. |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/02/26/ukraine-deaths-casualties/ |access-date=19 September 2023 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=17 March 2022 |title=As Russian Troop Deaths Climb, Morale Becomes an Issue, Officials Say |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/16/us/politics/russia-troop-deaths.html |url-status=live |access-date=16 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220316225152/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/16/us/politics/russia-troop-deaths.html |archive-date=16 March 2022 |quote="The conservative side of the estimate, at more than 7,000 Russian troop deaths, is greater than the number of American troops killed over 20 years in Iraq and Afghanistan combined."}}</ref> [[Agence France-Presse]] (AFP) reported that neither it nor independent conflict monitors could verify Russian and Ukrainian claims of enemy losses and suspected they were inflated.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=13 April 2022 |title=Ukraine conflict death toll: what we know |agency=[[Agence France-Presse]] |work=[[France 24]] |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220413-ukraine-conflict-death-toll-what-we-know |access-date=20 April 2022 }}</ref> In October 2022, the independent Russian media project [[Important Stories|iStories]], citing sources close to the Kremlin, reported that more than 90,000 Russian soldiers had been killed, seriously wounded, or gone missing.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=12 October 2022 |title=Russia's 'irrecoverable losses' in Ukraine: more than 90,000 troops dead, disabled, or AWOL |work=[[Meduza (website)|Meduza]] |url=https://meduza.io/en/news/2022/10/12/russia-s-irrecoverable-losses-in-ukraine-more-than-90-000-troops-dead-disabled-or-awol }}</ref> Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky stated in February 2026 that approximately 55,000 Ukrainian soldiers had been killed on the battlefield, noting that a significant number were also officially listed as missing in action.<ref name="55k_reuters">{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/55000-ukrainian-soldiers-killed-battlefield-zelenskiy-tells-french-tv-2026-02-04/|title=Fifty-five thousand Ukrainian soldiers killed on battlefield, Zelenskiy tells French TV |work=Reuters }}</ref><ref name="55k_euronews">{{Cite web |date=2026-02-04 |title=Zelenskyy says 55,000 Ukrainian soldiers killed in Russian all-out war |url=https://www.euronews.com/2026/02/04/volodymyr-zelenskyy-55000-ukrainian-soldiers-killed-since-full-scale-invasion |access-date=2026-02-05 |website=euronews |language=en}}</ref><ref name="55k_bbc">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=2026-02-05 |title=55,000 Ukrainian soldiers killed in war with Russia, Zelensky says |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cvgn2dzwd1do |access-date=2026-02-07 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref>

While combat deaths can be inferred from a variety of sources, including [[satellite imagery]] of military action, measuring civilian deaths is more difficult. In June 2022, the [[Ukrainian Ministry of Defence|Ukrainian Minister of Defence]] told CNN that tens of thousands of Ukrainians had died, and he hoped the death toll was below 100,000.<ref>
{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Regan |first1=Helen |last2=Kottasová |first2=Ivana |last3=Haq |first3=Sana Noor |last4=Khalil |first4=Hafsa |last5=Vogt |first5=Adrienne |last6=Sangal |first6=Aditi |date=16 June 2022 |title=Tens of thousands have been killed since the invasion, says Ukrainian defense minister |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-06-16-22#h_255010f04309b11df83acfffc6a47042 |access-date=15 September 2022}}</ref> By July 2024, about 20,000 Ukrainians had lost limbs.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Bennetts |first=Marc |date=25 June 2024 |title=Facing annihilation, the Ukrainian towns praying for Western reinforcements |url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/russia-ukraine-war/article/facing-annihilation-the-ukrainian-towns-praying-for-western-reinforcements-5xtvpxwtv |access-date=25 June 2024 |website=[[The Times]]}}</ref> In Mariupol, Ukrainian officials believe at least 25,000 have been killed,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Yuhas |first=Alan |date=24 August 2022 |title=Thousands of Civilian Deaths and 6.6 Million Refugees: Calculating the Costs of War |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/24/world/europe/russia-ukraine-war-toll.html |access-date=20 September 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Shandra |first=Alya |date=30 August 2022 |title=87,000 killed civilians documented in occupied Mariupol – volunteer |work=[[Euromaidan Press]] |url=https://euromaidanpress.com/2022/08/30/87000-killed-civilians-documented-in-occupied-mariupol-volunteer/ |access-date=20 September 2022}}</ref> and bodies were still being discovered in September 2022.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=4 September 2022 |title=Mariupol: invaders don't bother to clear residential buildings of newly discovered bodies |work=[[Ukrinform]] |url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/3564256-mariupol-invaders-dont-bother-to-clear-residential-buildings-of-newly-discovered-bodies.html |access-date=19 September 2023}}</ref> The mayor said over {{formatnum:10000}} and possibly as many as {{formatnum:20000}} civilians died in the [[siege of Mariupol]] and Russian forces had brought mobile cremation equipment when they entered the city.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|publisher=[[PBS]] |title=Over 10,000 civilians killed in Mariupol siege, mayor says |date=11 April 2022 |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/over-10000-civilians-killed-in-mariupol-siege-mayor-says |access-date=17 September 2023|first1=Yuras|last1=Karmanau|first2=Adam|last2=Schreck|first3=Cara|last3=Anna}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=14 February 2023 |title='Terrible toll': Russia's invasion of Ukraine by the numbers |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/02/14/world/russia-invasion-of-ukraine-numbers/ |access-date=26 September 2023 |work=[[The Japan Times]] |quote=Kyiv said at least 20,000 Ukrainian civilians had been killed. In total, some 30,000 to 40,000 civilians have lost their lives nationwide in the conflict, Western sources say.}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=At What Cost? The Economic and Human Costs of Russia's Invasion of Ukraine |url=https://www.cdhowe.org/public-policy-research/what-cost-economic-and-human-costs-russias-invasion-ukraine-0 |access-date=7 October 2023 |website=C.D. Howe Institute}}</ref> An investigation by [[Associated Press|AP]] from the end of 2022 estimated up to 75,000 killed civilians in the Mariupol area alone.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=The Cost of War to Ukraine |url=https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/cost-war-ukraine |access-date=8 October 2023 |website=The Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=23 December 2022 |title=Russia scrubs Mariupol's Ukraine identity, builds on death |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-erasing-mariupol-499dceae43ed77f2ebfe750ea99b9ad9 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=[[AP News]]}}</ref> [[Agence France-Presse|AFP]] says "a key gap in casualty counts is the lack of information from Russian-occupied places like the port city of Mariupol, where tens of thousands of civilians are believed to have died."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=6 June 2023 |title=10,368: The incomplete count of Ukraine's civilian dead |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230606-10-368-the-incomplete-count-of-ukraine-s-civilian-dead |access-date=29 September 2023 |publisher=[[Agence France-Presse]] republished in [[France 24]]}}</ref> There were at least 8,000 excess deaths in Mariupol between March 2022 and February 2023.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=8 February 2024 |title="Our City Was Gone": Russia's Devastation of Mariupol, Ukraine |url=https://www.hrw.org/feature/russia-ukraine-war-mariupol/report |access-date=15 August 2025 |website=Human Rights Watch |language=en|page= 147|quote=Based on an assessment of satellite imagery and photo and video analysis, we estimate that at least 10,284 people were buried in four of the city's cemeteries and in Manhush cemetery between March 2022 and February 2023. We also estimate that around 2,250 people would have died of causes unrelated to war in Mariupol during that period, meaning the city saw at least an estimated 8,034 deaths above a peacetime rate. We are not able to determine how many of those buried in the city were civilians or military personnel, or how many were killed as a result of unlawful attacks.}}</ref> The [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]] (OHCHR) believed the true civilian casualty numbers were significantly higher than it has been able to confirm.<ref name="OHCHR sep">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=25 September 2023 |title=Ukraine: Ukraine: civilian casualty update 24 September 2023 |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/news/2023/09/ukraine-civilian-casualty-update-24-september-2023 |publisher=[[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]]}}</ref>

In the Russian military, ethnic minorities have suffered disproportionately high casualties. In October 2022, the Russian regions with the highest death tolls were [[Dagestan]], [[Tuva]], and [[Buryatia]], all minority regions. In February 2024, six out of ten Russian regions with the highest mortality rates in Ukraine were located in Siberia and the far east, and ethnic minorities' continuing outsized casualty rates prompted analysts to warn that the situation will lead to long-term destructive impacts on these communities.<ref name="n606">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Schifrin |first1=Nick |last2=Cutler |first2=Sarah |last3=Fellow |first3=Columbia Journalism |title=Russia's ethnic minorities disproportionately die in the war in Ukraine |website=PBS NewsHour |date=11 December 2023 |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/russias-ethnic-minorities-disproportionately-conscripted-to-fight-the-war-in-ukraine |access-date=17 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="g456">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Latypova |first=Leyla |title=2 Years Into Ukraine War, Russia's Ethnic Minorities Disproportionately Killed in Battle |website=The Moscow Times |date=17 May 2024 |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2024/02/24/2-years-into-ukraine-war-russias-ethnic-minorities-disproportionately-killed-in-battle-a84170 |access-date=17 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="g132">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Petkova |first=Mariya |title='Putin is using ethnic minorities to fight in Ukraine': Activist |website=Al Jazeera |date=25 October 2022 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2022/10/25/russia-putin-is-using-ethnic-minorities-to-fight-in-ukraine |access-date=17 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="c079">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Bessonov |first=Ania |title=Russian ethnic minorities bearing brunt of Russia's war mobilization in Ukraine |website=CBC |date=4 October 2022 |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/russia-mobilization-ethnic-minorities-buryat-1.6605501 |access-date=17 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="j309">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Young, poor and from minorities: the Russian troops killed in Ukraine |website=France 24 |date=17 May 2022 |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220517-young-poor-and-from-minorities-the-russian-troops-killed-in-ukraine |access-date=17 May 2024}}</ref> About 1,200 Russian soldiers were killed or wounded in Ukraine every day in May–June 2024,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine calls them meat assaults: Russia's brutal plan to take ground |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c80xjne8ryxo |work=BBC News |date=4 July 2024}}</ref> which climbed to 1,500 by November 2024, when 45,690 casualties were estimated.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russia is suffering record casualties as the West steps up support for Ukraine, and it may struggle to replace them |first=Tom |last=Porter |work=[[Business Insider]] |date=6 December 2024 |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/russia-will-struggle-to-replace-its-casualties-in-ukraine-isw-2024-12}}</ref> ''[[Newsweek]]'' estimated that on the bloodiest day in November 2024 the ratio of killed Russian men (1,950) exceeded the average daily male birth rate in Russia (1,836).<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|work=Newsweek |title=Russia's Loss of Men in Ukraine Surpasses Daily Birth Rate |date=12 November 2024 |url=https://www.newsweek.com/russia-casualties-death-rate-birth-rate-ukraine-1984557}}</ref> Latvia-based news outlet ''[[Meduza (website)|Meduza]]'' estimated that up to 140,000 Russian soldiers had died by July 2024.<ref>{{cite Q|Q127245770}}</ref> In December 2025, an analysis by the BBC suggested that Russian casualties were growing at a faster rate than at any point previously in the invasion, with 40% more obituaries of soldiers being published in Russia in 2025 compared to 2024.<ref name="r579">{{cite web | last=Ivshina | first=Olga | title=Russia's losses in Ukraine rise faster than ever as US pushes for peace deal | website=BBC | date=30 December 2025 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c62n922dnw7o | access-date=4 January 2026}}</ref><ref name="e211">{{cite web | last=Butt | first=Maira | title=Russian losses in Ukraine rising faster than ever, finds new analysis | website=The Independent | date=31 December 2025 | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/russia-ukraine-losses-casualties-war-putin-zelensky-b2892512.html | access-date=4 January 2026}}</ref> The war in Ukraine and the associated emigration, lower [[birth rate]]s, and war-related casualties further deepened the [[demographic crisis of Russia]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russia stares into population abyss as Putin sends its young men to die |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2023/02/26/russia-stares-population-abyss-putin-sends-young-men-die/ |work=The Telegraph |date=26 February 2023}}</ref>

The Russian invasion became the deadliest European war since [[World War II]] (1939-1945).<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|work=The New York Times |title=Enduring Mayhem: Images From Year 3 of the War in Ukraine |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/24/world/europe/images-ukraine-war-third-year.html |date=24 April 2024}}</ref> In February 2025, [[Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft|the Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft]] estimated 250,000 dead.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web| title=The Ukraine War After Three Years: Roads Not Taken |first=Marcus |last=Stanley |date=19 February 2025| publisher=[[Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft]] |url=https://quincyinst.org/research/the-ukraine-war-after-three-years-roads-not-taken/#}}</ref> In September 2024, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' reported that there were now one million Ukrainians and Russians who were killed or wounded.<ref name="WSJ-Casualties">{{#invoke:cite|journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/world/one-million-are-now-dead-or-injured-in-the-russia-ukraine-war-b09d04e5 |first=Bojan |last=Pancevski |journal=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=17 September 2024 |title=One Million Are Now Dead or Injured in the Russia-Ukraine War |access-date=17 September 2024}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+Confirmed casualties
|-
! scope="col" |
! scope="col" |Numbers
! scope="col" |Time period
! scope="col" |Source
|-
! scope="row" |Ukrainian civilians
|'''16,874''' killed, '''51,273''' wounded{{efn|At least 176 foreign civilians from 25 countries are confirmed to have been killed within Ukraine. [[Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War#Foreign civilians|See table here]] for a detailed breakdown of deaths by nationalities.}}
|24 February 2022 – 13 August 2026
|United Nations ([[OHCHR]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.un.org/ru/story/2026/08/1468479|title=Мониторинговая миссия ООН: число жертв среди мирных украинцев в июле было самым высоким в период с марта 2022 года |publisher=Новости ООН|lang=ru |date=2026-08-13}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"|Russian civilians
|'''1716''' killed (excluding annexed territories)
|24 February 2022 – 2 September 2026
|[[Novaya Gazeta|Novaya Gazeta Europe]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://novayagazeta.eu/articles/2026/09/02/leto-2026-goda-stalo-rekordnym-po-chislu-pogibshikh-mirnykh-zhitelei-v-rossii|title=Лето 2026 года стало рекордным по числу погибших мирных жителей в России|lang=ru|website=Новая газета. Европа|date=2026-09-02}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"|Ukrainian forces
|'''103,418''' killed (incl. non-combat), '''97,938''' missing, '''11,618''' captured (conf. by names)
|24 February 2022 – 4 September 2026
|UALosses project<ref name="UALosses">{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://ualosses.org/en/soldiers/|title=Ukraine's losses in the war |website=UALosses |date=7 January 2026}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Важкі цифри: як сприймати нові дані про військові втрати – DW – 27.02.2024 |url=https://www.dw.com/uk/vazki-cifri-ak-sprijnali-ukrainci-novi-dani-pro-vijskovi-vtrati/a-68381601 |access-date=25 May 2024 |website=dw.com |language=uk}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |Russian forces ([[Russian separatist forces in Donbas|DPR/LPR]] excluded)
|'''243,674''' killed ([[Russia 200|conf. by names]])
|24 February 2022 – 4 September 2026
|[[BBC News Russian]] and [[Mediazona]]<ref name="BBCMediazona">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/articles/cgk5m01m52do |title=Исчезающие без приказа. Что стало с мобилизованными за четыре года войны |date=2026-09-04 |publisher=BBC |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260904082228/https://www.bbc.com/russian/articles/cgk5m01m52do |archive-date=2026-09-04 |url-status=live}} {{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russian casualties in Ukraine. Mediazona count, updated |work=[[Mediazona]] |url=https://en.zona.media/article/2022/05/11/casualties_eng |date=1 August 2025 |access-date=3 July 2026}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |Russian forces ([[Russian separatist forces in Donbas|Donetsk & Luhansk PR]])
|'''21,000–23,500''' killed
|24 February 2022 – 30 September 2024
|[[BBC News Russian]]<ref name="BBCMediazona"/>
|}
{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+Estimated and claimed casualties
|-
! scope="col" |
! scope="col" |Numbers
! scope="col" |Time period
! scope="col" |Source
|-
! rowspan="2" ! scope="row" |Ukrainian civilians
|'''12,000''' killed (confirmed),{{efn|[[Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War#Civilian deaths|See here]] for a detailed breakdown of civilian deaths by oblast, according to Ukrainian authorities.}} '''16,000+''' captive{{efn|Some civilians have been reported to have died in captivity in Russia,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Thousands of Ukrainian civilians lost in hellish archipelago of Russian jails |url=https://news.sky.com/story/thousands-of-ukrainian-civilians-lost-in-hellish-archipelago-of-russian-jails-13368705 |date=16 May 2025 |website=[[Sky News]] |language=en}}</ref> like journalist [[Victoria Roshchyna]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=24 April 2025 |title=Ukraine brings back body of journalist Viktoriia Roshchyna tortured in Russian captivity, official says |url=https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-brings-back-body-of-journalist-viktoriia-roshchyna/ |access-date=24 April 2025 |website=[[The Kyiv Independent]] |language=en}}</ref>}}
|24 February 2022 – 17 June 2024 24 February 2022 – 16 December 2024
|Ukraine<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/lishe-vstanovlennya-spravedlivogo-miru-ta-prityagnennya-agre-91613|title=Only the Establishment of a Just Peace and Holding the Aggressor to Account will Stop Russia's War Crimes in Ukraine – a Separate Discussion on the Humanitarian Dimension of the War Was Held at the Peace Summit|date=17 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/12/16/7489343/|title=Over 16,000 Ukrainian civilians held captive in Russia – Ukraine's ombudsman|date=16 December 2024}}</ref>
|-
|'''2,883''' killed, '''8,260''' wounded (in DPR/LPR areas)
|17 February 2022 – 22 December 2024
|DPR{{efn|The DPR stated 1,799 of its civilians were killed and 6,902 wounded in its territories between 1 January 2022 and 22 December 2024,<ref>
* {{#invoke:cite|web|date=30 December 2022|title=Обзор социально-гуманитарной ситуации, сложившейся на территории Донецкой Народной Республики вследствие военных действий в период с 24 по 30 декабря 2022 г. |trans-title=Overview of the socio-humanitarian situation that developed on the territory of the Donetsk People's Republic as a result of military actions in the period from 24 December to 30 December 2022 |language=ru |publisher=Human rights Ombudsman in the Donetsk People's Republic |url=https://ombudsman-dnr.ru/obzor-soczialno-gumanitarnoj-situaczii-slozhivshejsya-na-territorii-doneczkoj-narodnoj-respubliki-vsledstvie-voennyh-dejstvij-v-period-s-24-po-30-dekabrya-2022-g/}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|date=9 January 2024|title=Обзор социально-гуманитарной ситуации, сложившейся на территории Донецкой Народной Республики вследствие военных действий в период с 25 по 31 декабря 2023 г. |trans-title=Overview of the socio-humanitarian situation that developed on the territory of the Donetsk People's Republic as a result of military actions in the period from 25 December to 31 December 2023 |language=ru |publisher=Human rights Ombudsman in the Donetsk People's Republic |url=https://ombudsman-dnr.ru/obzor-soczialno-gumanitarnoj-situaczii-slozhivshejsya-na-territorii-doneczkoj-narodnoj-respubliki-vsledstvie-voennyh-dejstvij-v-period-s-25-po-31-dekabrya-2023-g/}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|date=22 December 2024|title=Обзор социально-гуманитарной ситуации, сложившейся на территории Донецкой Народной Республики вследствие военных действий в период с 16 по 22 декабря 2024 г. |trans-title=Overview of the socio-humanitarian situation that developed on the territory of the Donetsk People's Republic as a result of military actions in the period from 16 December to 22 December 2024 |language=ru |publisher=Human rights Ombudsman in the Donetsk People's Republic |url=https://ombudsman-dnr.ru/obzor-soczialno-gumanitarnoj-situaczii-slozhivshejsya-na-territorii-doneczkoj-narodnoj-respubliki-vsledstvie-voennyh-dejstvij-v-period-s-16-po-22-dekabrya-2024-g/}}
</ref> of which 8 died and 23 were wounded between 1 January and 25 February 2022,<ref name="ombudsman1">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=12 February 2022 |title=The overview of the current social and humanitarian situation in the territory of the Donetsk People's Republic as a result of hostilities in the period from 19 and 25 February 2022 |url=https://eng.ombudsman-dnr.ru/the-overview-of-the-current-social-and-humanitarian-situation-in-the-territory-of-the-donetsk-peoples-republic-as-a-result-of-hostilities-in-the-period-from-19-and-25-february-2022/ |access-date=21 March 2022 |website=Human Rights Ombudsman in the Donetsk People's Republic}}</ref> leaving a total of 1,791 killed and 6,879 wounded in the period of the Russian invasion.}} and LPR<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=2 March 2023 |title=3,200 LPR civilians killed as a result of Kiev's aggression since 2014 – ombudsperson |website=lug-info.com |url=https://lug-info.com/en/news/3-200-lpr-civilians-killed-as-a-result-of-kiev-s-aggression-since-2014-ombudsperson |access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=28 December 2023 |title=Kiev artillery attacks claim 72 lives in LPR over year, 268 people wounded – ombudsperson |website=lug-info.com |url=https://lug-info.com/en/news/kiev-artillery-attacks-claim-72-lives-in-lpr-over-year-268-people-wounded-ombudsperson}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |Russian civilians
|'''621''' killed (including [[Crimea]]), '''789''' missing
|24 February 2022 – 19 May 2025
|Russia<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=19 May 2025 |title=Ukrainian Attacks Have Killed 600 Russian Civilians Since Full-Scale Invasion, Chief Investigator Claims |work=The Moscow Times |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2025/05/19/ukrainian-attacks-have-killed-600-russian-civilians-since-full-scale-invasion-chief-investigator-claims-a89131}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Over 350 People Killed and Nearly 800 Still Missing in Kursk Region After Ukrainian Incursion, Prosecutor Says |website=The Moscow Times |date=28 May 2025 | url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2025/05/27/over-350-people-killed-and-nearly-800-still-missing-in-kursk-region-after-ukrainian-incursion-prosecutor-says-a89232 | access-date=28 May 2025}}</ref>
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |Ukrainian forces
| '''80,000''' killed, '''400,000''' wounded
|24 February 2022 – before September 2024
|[[The Wall Street Journal|WSJ]] citing confidential Ukrainian estimate<ref name="WSJ-Casualties"/>
|-
|'''60,000–100,000''' killed, '''400,000''' wounded
|24 February 2022 – 26 November 2024
|[[The Economist]] estimate<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2024/11/26/how-many-ukrainian-soldiers-have-died |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |date=26 November 2024 |title=How many Ukrainian soldiers have died? |access-date=26 November 2024}}</ref>
|-
|'''55,000''' killed,<ref name="55k_reuters"/><ref name="55k_euronews"/><ref name="55k_bbc"/> '''380,000''' wounded,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=17 February 2025 |title=Over 46,000 Ukrainian soldiers killed since start of Russia's full-scale war, Zelensky says |url=https://kyivindependent.com/over-46-000-ukrainian-soldiers-killed-since-start-of-war-zelensky-says/ |work=[[The Kyiv Independent]] |first=Kateryna |last=Hodunova |language=en }}</ref> '''56,700''' missing,{{efn|name=missing|63,000 missing as of 17 February 2025.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=17 February 2025 |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20250217-ukraine-war-death-toll-huge-but-not-fully-known |title=Ukraine war death toll: huge but not fully known |work=[[France 24]] }}</ref> 90 percent of which were thought to be soldiers,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2025-02-13/icrc-number-of-missing-people-in-ukraine-and-russia-war-doubled-to-50-000-in-a-year |title=Red Cross Says Missing People in Ukraine and Russia War Doubles to 50,000 Over Past Year |date=13 February 2025 |website=USNEWS }}</ref> which would be around 56,700.}} '''8,000''' captured<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/30/world/europe/russia-ukraine-war-torture-abuse.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=30 October 2024 |title=Ukrainians Tell of Brutal Russian Repression in Occupied Territories }}</ref>
|24 February 2022 – 6 March 2025 24 February 2022 – 17 February 2025 24 February 2022 – 30 October 2024
|Ukraine
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |Russian forces
|'''1,140,000''' killed and wounded
|24 February 2022 – 5 November 2025
|UK [[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|MoD]] estimate<ref name="i174">{{#invoke:cite|web| last=Allison | first=George | title=Russian casualties exceed 1.1m since invasion says Britain | website=UK Defence Journal | date=6 November 2025 | url=https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/russian-casualties-exceed-1-1m-since-invasion-says-britain/ | access-date=9 November 2025}}</ref>
|-
|'''191,000–269,000''' killed
|24 February 2022 – 30 May 2025
|BBC News Russian<ref name="BBCMediazona"/>
|-
|'''1,425,990+''' killed and wounded, '''60,000''' missing
|24 February 2022 – 17 July 2026 24 February 2022 – 4 February 2025
|Ukrainian [[Ministry of Defence (Ukraine)|MoD]] estimate<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=20 June 2026 |title=War in Ukraine. Total Combat Losses of the Russian Forces for Day 1,605 |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/ |access-date=17 July 2026 |work=[[Ukrainska Pravda]] }}</ref> [[Coordination Headquarters for the Treatment of Prisoners of War|Government of Ukraine]]<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=4 February 2025 |title=Ukraine Sees Surge in Inquiries From Russian Families on Missing Soldiers |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2025/02/04/ukraine-sees-surge-in-inquiries-from-russian-families-on-missing-soldiers-a87855 |work=[[Moscow Times]] }}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |[[Korean People's Army|DPRK forces]]
|'''2,300''' killed, '''2''' captured{{efn|name=DPRK|In addition, Ukraine claimed six [[North Korea]]n soldiers were killed in a missile strike in early October 2024, while fighting alongside Russian forces. [[Ministry of National Defense (South Korea)|South Korea's Defense Minister]] said of this report it was "highly likely" true.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/n-korean-soldiers-highly-likely-065912286.html|title=N. Korean soldiers 'highly likely' killed in Ukraine: Seoul |work=Yahoo News }}</ref> However, Russia denied the reports.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=11 October 2024 |url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2024/10/11/kremlin-dismisses-reports-north-korean-soldiers-supporting-russia-in-ukraine |title=Kremlin dismisses reports of North Korean soldiers fighting for Russia in Ukraine |work=[[Euronews]] }}</ref>}}
|December 2024 – March 2026
|BBC News<ref>{{cite news |title=Thousands of North Koreans fought for Russia. A memorial hints at the death toll |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/clypr5985ejo |access-date=8 May 2026 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=7 May 2026}}</ref>
|}

== War crimes and attacks on civilians ==
{{main|War crimes in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)|Russian attacks on civilians in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}

[[File:Bucha after Russian occupation (06).jpg|thumb|right|Dead bodies following the [[Bucha massacre]] by Russian troops]]
The Russian military and authorities have been responsible for deliberate [[Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|attacks against civilian targets]]<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=9 April 2022 |title=Chernihiv: Are these Russia's weapons of war? |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61036880 |access-date=3 May 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Gall |first1=Carlotta |last2=Kramer |first2=Andrew E. |date=3 April 2022 |title=In a Kyiv Suburb,'They Shot Everyone They Saw' |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/03/world/europe/ukraine-russia-war-civilian-deaths.html |access-date=3 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220412065516/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/03/world/europe/ukraine-russia-war-civilian-deaths.html |archive-date=12 April 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> (including [[Russian strikes on hospitals during the Russian invasion of Ukraine|strikes on hospitals]] and [[Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)|on the energy grid]]), massacres of civilians, abduction and torture of civilians, [[Sexual violence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|sexual violence]],<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/23/world/europe/russia-ukraine-war-crimes-united-nations.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924015357/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/23/world/europe/russia-ukraine-war-crimes-united-nations.html |archive-date=24 September 2022 |title=U.N. Experts find that war crimes have been committed in Ukraine |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=23 September 2022 |last1=Cumming-Bruce |first1=Nick}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Macias |first=Amanda |title=UN report details horrifying Ukrainian accounts of rape, torture and executions by Russian troops |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/28/russia-ukraine-war-un-report-details-accounts-of-rape-torture-and-executions.html |access-date=29 January 2023 |work=[[CNBC]] |date=28 October 2022 }}</ref> forced deportation of civilians, and torture and murder of Ukrainian prisoners of war. They have also carried out [[indiscriminate attack]]s in densely populated areas, including [[Use of cluster munitions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|with cluster bombs]], in one instance killing 61 people in the [[Kramatorsk railway station attack]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|journal|year=2022 |title=Update on the human rights situation in Ukraine |url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/2022-03/HRMMU_Update_2022-03-26_EN.pdf |journal=Ukraine |volume=2 |issue=1 |via=[[United Nations Human Rights Council]] |access-date=19 January 2023 |archive-date=1 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401192931/https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/2022-03/HRMMU_Update_2022-03-26_EN.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=24 May 2022 |title=Ukraine destruction: how the Guardian documented Russia's use of illegal weapons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/may/24/ukraine-destruction-how-the-guardian-documented-russia-use-of-weapons |access-date=19 January 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]] |issn=1756-3224 |oclc=60623878 |archive-date=29 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220829060748/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/may/24/ukraine-destruction-how-the-guardian-documented-russia-use-of-weapons |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|book|year=2022 |title=Cluster Munition Monitor 2022 |url=http://www.the-monitor.org/media/3348257/Cluster-Munition-Monitor-2022-Web_HR.pdf |publisher=Cluster Munition Coalition |isbn=978-2-9701476-1-9 |via=The Monitor |access-date=19 January 2023 |archive-date=27 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220827072718/http://www.the-monitor.org/media/3348257/Cluster-Munition-Monitor-2022-Web_HR.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="z362">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Deadliest civilian attacks in Russia's invasion of Ukraine |work=[[Reuters]] |date=5 October 2023 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/deadliest-civilian-attacks-russias-invasion-ukraine-2023-10-05/ |access-date=15 February 2025 }}</ref> According to [[Kyrylo Budanov]], the chief of Ukrainian intelligence, Russia, before the start of the invasion, had created 'execution lists' of Ukrainian teachers, journalists, scientists, writers, priests, and politicians and was preparing for a [[genocide]] of Ukrainians; the plans included locations of [[mass grave]]s and mobile [[crematorium|crematoria]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russia was Preparing for a New Genocide of Ukrainians Long Before the Full-Scale Invasion, – Kyrylo Budanov |url=https://gur.gov.ua/en/content/do-novoho-henotsydu-ukraintsiv-rosiia-hotuvalas-zadovho-do-povnomasshtabnoho-vtorhnennia-kyrylo-budanov |website=Main Directorate of Intelligence of Ukraine |date=23 November 2024 }}</ref>

[[File:Destructions in Zaporizhzhia after Russian attack, 2025-01-08 (01).jpg|thumb|Aftermath of a Russian airstrike on Zaporizhzhia on 8 January 2025, which killed 13 people and wounded many more<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Update: Russian airstrike on Zaporizhzhia industrial site kills 13, injures 122 |url=https://kyivindependent.com/russian-strike-on-zaporizhzhia-industrial-site-kills-1-injures-at-least-30/ |work=[[Kyiv Independent]] |date=8 January 2025}}</ref>]]

According to the [[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights|United Nations' Human Rights Office]] (OHCHR), by December 2023, about 78% of confirmed civilian casualties had been killed in Ukrainian-held territory.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://ukraine.un.org/sites/default/files/2024-01/Ukraine%20-%20protection%20of%20civilians%20in%20armed%20conflict%20%28December%202023%29_ENG_0.pdf |title=Ukraine: protection of civilians in armed conflict. December 2023 update |publisher=[[Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights]] |website=ukraine.un.org }} Total civilians killed: 10,191; Killed in Ukrainian government-controlled territories: 7,967; Killed in Russian-occupied territories: 2,224.</ref> Over 12,300 civilians have been killed since the invasion began.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Over 12,300 civilians killed since start of Ukraine war, UN says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/over-12300-civilians-killed-since-start-ukraine-war-un-says-2025-01-08/ |work=[[Reuters]] |date=8 January 2025 }}</ref> Russia has deliberately and repeatedly attacked Ukrainian civilians with [[First-person view (radio control)|FPV drones]], including [[first responder]]s,<ref name="p704">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=UN Commission concludes that Russian armed forces' drone attacks against civilians in Kherson Province amount to crimes against humanity of murder |website=[[OHCHR]] |date=28 May 2025 |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/05/un-commission-concludes-russian-armed-forces-drone-attacks-against-civilians |access-date=29 May 2025 }}</ref> such as in the Kherson terror campaign dubbed the "[[Human safari (terror campaign)|human safari]]."<ref name="p249">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Hambling |first=David |title=Terrifying 'Human Safari' In Kherson As Russian Drones Hunt Civilians |website=[[Forbes]] |date=11 October 2024 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidhambling/2024/10/11/terrifying-human-safari-in-kherson-as-russian-drones-hunt-civilians/ |access-date=6 February 2025}}</ref><ref name="z211">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Limaye |first=Yogita |title=Drone strikes on civilians suggest new Russian terror tactic in Ukraine |work=[[BBC News]] |date=31 October 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c207gz7key6o |access-date=6 February 2025 }}</ref><ref name="v798">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Horton |first1=Alex |last2=Korolchuk |first2=Serhii |title=Russian drones hunt civilians in streets of southern Ukrainian city |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=31 October 2024 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/10/31/kherson-ukraine-russia-drone-attacks/ |access-date=6 February 2025 }}</ref> In October 2025, the UN concluded that the Russian military was systematically attacking Ukrainian civilians and civilian targets with drones along a 300-kilometre stretch of the [[Dnipro River]] to drive Ukrainians out of the region. The report said that these are war crimes and crimes against humanity.<ref name="OHCHR report Oct 25">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russian authorities committed crimes against humanity targeting civilian population through drone attacks as well as war crimes of forcible transfer and deportation of civilians |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2025/10/russian-authorities-committed-crimes-against-humanity-targeting-civilian |website=[[OHCHR]] |date=28 October 2025}}</ref>

The UN Human Rights Office reports that Russia is committing severe [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine#Violations and war crimes|human rights violations in occupied Ukraine]], including [[Arbitrary arrest and detention|arbitrary detentions]]; [[enforced disappearance]]s; torture; crackdown on [[2022 protests in Russian-occupied Ukraine|protests]] and [[freedom of speech]]; enforced [[Russification]]; indoctrination of children, and suppression of Ukrainian language and culture.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=9 March 2022 |title=Ordinary Ukrainians are resisting Vladimir Putin's occupying force in Kherson and elsewhere |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |url=https://www.economist.com/europe/ordinary-ukrainians-are-resisting-vladimir-putins-occupying-force-in-kherson-and-elsewhere/21808101 |url-access=subscription |access-date=10 March 2022}}</ref><ref name="UN report March 24">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=UN report details 'climate of fear' in Russian occupied areas of Ukraine |work=UN News |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/03/1147776 |date=20 March 2024}}</ref> The UN also found that Russian authorities were systematically deporting Ukrainian civilians from occupied provinces, which is a crime against humanity.<ref name="OHCHR report Oct 25"/> Ukrainians have been [[Passportization|coerced into taking Russian passports]] and becoming Russian citizens. Those who refuse are denied healthcare and other rights,<ref name="UN report March 24"/> and can be imprisoned as a "foreign citizen." Ukrainian men who take Russian citizenship are drafted to fight against Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Takeaways into AP investigation into Russian system to force its passports on occupied Ukraine |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-occupation-passports-citizenship-fa49f7f348f6283ab06db0512fd23eda |work=[[Associated Press]] |date=15 March 2024 |first1=Lori |last1=Hinnant |first2=Vasilisa |last2=Stepanenko |first3=Samya |last3=Kullab |last4=Hanna |first4=Arhipova }}</ref>

Russian forces have reportedly used banned [[chemical weapons]], usually [[tear gas]] grenades.<ref name="Hambling 2023 z855">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Hambling |first=David |title=What We Know About Russian Chemical Weapon Attacks |website=[[Forbes]] |date=29 December 2023 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidhambling/2023/12/29/what-we-know-about-russian-chemical-weapon-attacks/ |access-date=23 March 2024 }}</ref><ref name="Field 2024 s609">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Field |first=Matt |title=Russia appears to be using chemical weapons in Ukraine. And admitting it. |website=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists |date=15 March 2024 |url=https://thebulletin.org/2024/03/russia-appears-to-be-using-chemical-weapons-in-ukraine-and-admitting-it/ |access-date=23 March 2024}}</ref> In April 2024, a ''[[The Daily Telegraph|Daily Telegraph]]'' investigation concluded that "Russian troops are carrying out a systematic campaign of illegal chemical attacks against Ukrainian soldiers".<ref name="The Telegraph 2024 g413">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Rushton |first=James |date=6 April 2024 |title=Russia carrying out illegal chemical attacks on Ukrainian soldiers |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2024/04/06/russia-using-illegal-chemical-attacks-against-ukraine/ |access-date=7 April 2024 |website=[[The Daily Telegraph]] }}</ref>

In January 2026, the UN reported that 2025 had been the deadliest year for Ukrainian civilians since 2022, with 2,514 deaths and 12,142 injuries being verified during the year, a 31% increase compared to 2024. The report said that a "massive increase" of Russian long-range weapons was causing increased harm in urban centres.<ref name="d405">{{cite web | title=2025 deadliest year for civilians in Ukraine since 2022, UN human rights monitors find | website=UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine | date=12 January 2026 | url=https://ukraine.ohchr.org/en/2025-deadliest-year-for-civilians-in-Ukraine-since-2022-UN-human-rights-monitors-find | access-date=15 January 2026}}</ref><ref name="l054">{{cite web | last=Davies | first=Maia | title=Ukraine war: Last year was deadliest for civilians since 2022, UN says | website=BBC Home | date=13 January 2026 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4gv27517yxo | access-date=15 January 2026}}</ref>

=== Prisoners of war ===
{{Main|Prisoners of war in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}

[[File:Military of the Russian Federation captured during the Battle of Sumy.jpg|thumb|Russian soldiers captured during the [[Battle of Sumy]]]]
An August 2022 report by the Humanitarian Research Lab of the [[Yale School of Public Health]] identified 21 [[Russian filtration camps for Ukrainians|filtration camps]] for Ukrainian "civilians, POWs [prisoners of war], and other personnel" in the vicinity of the Donetsk oblast. Imaging of one camp, [[Olenivka, Kalmiuske Raion|Olenivka prison]], found two sites of disturbed earth consistent with "potential graves."<ref name="Yale School of Medicine">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=25 August 2022 |title=Yale researchers identify 21 sites in Donetsk oblast, Ukraine used for civilian interrogation, processing, and detention |url=https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/yale-researchers-identify-21-sites-in-donetsk-oblast-ukraine-used-for-civilian-interrogation-processing-and-detention/ |access-date=27 August 2022 |work=[[Yale School of Medicine]] }}</ref> Kaveh Khoshnood, a professor at the Yale School of Public Health, said: "Incommunicado detention of civilians is more than a violation of international humanitarian law—it represents a threat to the public health of those currently in the custody of Russia and its proxies." Conditions described by freed prisoners include exposure, insufficient access to sanitation, food, and water; cramped conditions; electrical shocks; and assault..<ref name="Yale School of Medicine"/>

An [[OHCHR]] report released in November 2022 documented abuses on both sides, based on interviews with prisoners.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Waterhouse |first1=James |date=16 February 2023 |title=Ukraine war: Inside a prisoner of war camp for Russians |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64637928 |access-date=26 February 2025 |work=[[BBC News]] }}</ref> In March 2023, UN human rights commissioner [[Volker Türk]] reported that more than 90% of the Ukrainian POWs interviewed by his office said they had been tortured or ill-treated in penitentiary facilities, which Russia, despite several requests, did not give UN staff access to.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=On Ukraine, High Commissioner Türk details severe violations and calls for a just peace |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements/2023/03/ukraine-high-commissioner-turk-details-severe-violations-and-calls-just-peace |access-date=4 April 2023 |website=[[OHCHR]] }}</ref>

In April 2023, several videos circulated on different websites purportedly showing Russian soldiers beheading Ukrainian soldiers.<ref name="AP NEWS 2023">{{#invoke:cite|news|date=12 April 2023 |title=Ukraine's outrage grows over video seeming to show beheading |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-beheading-video-54d6dca30e5e326f6287a60602a8e5cb |access-date=17 April 2023 |work=[[AP News]] }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=12 April 2023 |title=Zelenskyy slams 'beasts' in gruesome beheading video; Kremlin calls footage 'terrible' |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/04/12/russia-ukraine-live-updates.html |access-date=26 September 2023 |work=[[CNBC]] }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Belam |first1=Martin |last2=Chao-Fong |first2=Léonie |date=12 April 2023 |title=Russia-Ukraine war at a glance: what we know on day 413 of the invasion |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/apr/12/russia-ukraine-war-at-a-glance-what-we-know-on-day-413-of-the-invasion |access-date=26 September 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]] |issn=0261-3077 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Cotovio |first1=Vasco |last2=Carey |first2=Andrew |last3=Pennington |first3=Josh |last4=Kesaieva |first4=Yulia |date=12 April 2023 |title=Zelensky slams 'beasts' who purportedly beheaded Ukrainian soldiers after video emerges |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/11/europe/beheading-videos-ukraine-intl-hnk-ml/index.html |access-date=26 September 2023 |work=[[CNN]] }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ukraine says Russia 'worse than ISIS' after beheading video |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/4/12/ukraine-says-russia-worse-than-isis-after-beheading-video |access-date=26 September 2023 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] }}</ref>

In March 2024, the UN issued a report saying Russia may have executed more than 30 recently captured Ukrainian POWs over the winter. The UN Human Rights Office verified three incidents in which Russian servicemen executed seven Ukrainian servicemen. According to the same report, 39 of 60 released Ukrainian POWs said that they had been subjected to sexual violence during their internment.<ref name="Melkozerova 2024 g984">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Melkozerova |first=Veronika |date=27 March 2024 |title=Russia executed Ukrainian POWs, UN report says |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/russia-executed-32-ukrainian-prisioners-war-winter-un-report-reads/ |access-date=27 March 2024 |work=[[Politico]] }}</ref>

In October 2024, the [[European External Action Service|EEAS]] described an increasing frequency of Russian executions of Ukrainian prisoners, with at least 177 prisoners dying in Russian captivity since the beginning of the war. The statement included the OHCHR's confirmation of systematic use of different methods of torture used by Russians against Ukrainian prisoners.<ref name="m314">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=16 October 2024 |title=Ukraine/Russia: Statement by the High Representative on the killing of Ukrainian prisoners of war |url=https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/ukrainerussia-statement-high-representative-killing-ukrainian-prisoners-war_en |access-date=25 January 2025 |website=EEAS }}</ref>

The Ukrainian Armed Forces have been accused of executions and abuses of Russian POWs, but the number of allegations has been significantly lower.<ref name="Report_OHCHR">{{Cite report |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/country-reports/situation-human-rights-ukraine-context-armed-attack-russian-federation |title=The situation of human rights in Ukraine in the context of the armed attack by the Russian Federation, 24 February to 15 May 2022 |date=29 June 2022 |publisher=[[OHCHR]] |access-date=27 July 2022 }}</ref>{{rp|at=para. 105}}<ref name="NYT-Russian-POW">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Shull |first=Abbie |title=Video appears to show Ukrainian soldiers executing Russian soldier captured in an ambush outside Kyiv, New York Times reports |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/video-appears-to-show-ukrainian-soldiers-executing-captured-russian-soldier-nyt-2022-4 |access-date=7 April 2022 |website=[[Business Insider]] }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Gibbons-Neff |first1=Thomas |title=In Ukraine, Killings of Surrendering Russians Divide an American-Led Unit |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/06/world/europe/ukraine-russia-killings-us.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=6 July 2024 |access-date=4 March 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Report on the Human Rights Situation in Ukraine (1 December 2023 – 29 February 2024) |url=https://ukraine.un.org/sites/default/files/2024-04/report-human-rights-situation-ukraine-1-dec-2023-29-feb-2024.pdf |website=ukraine.un.org |publisher=[[OHCHR]] |access-date=13 March 2025 |pages=14–15 }}</ref>

=== Abduction of Ukrainian children ===
{{main|Child abductions in the Russo-Ukrainian war}}

[[File:Открытие смены для детей из Херсонской и Запорожской областей, прибывших в Евпаторию, 2022, 01.jpg|thumb|Ukrainian children from [[Kherson Oblast|Kherson]] and [[Zaporizhzhia Oblast|Zaporizhzhia]] oblasts at [[Yevpatoria]], [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|Russian-occupied Crimea]], October 2022]]
In June 2024, an investigation by the ''[[Financial Times]]'' identified four Ukrainian children on a Russian government-linked adoption website who had been abducted from state care homes. The children's Ukrainian background was not mentioned. One child was shown with a new Russian name and an age that differed from their Ukrainian documents, while another was shown using a Russian version of their Ukrainian name. 17 other matches identified by the ''Financial Times'' on the adoption website were confirmed as Ukrainian children in a ''New York Times'' investigation. Ukrainian authorities estimate that nearly 20,000 Ukrainian children have been forcibly taken from occupied territories to Russia since the full-scale invasion began. Wayne Jordash, president of humanitarian law firm Global Rights Compliance, described forcibly transferring or deporting children as war crimes, adding that when done as part of a widespread or systematic attack on a civilian population, Russia is also committing crimes against humanity.<ref name="k182">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=FT investigation finds Ukrainian children on Russian adoption sites |work=[[Financial Times]] |date=12 June 2024 |url=https://www.ft.com/content/2d0013d2-a407-449f-b1e2-3d14fe65188f |access-date=13 June 2024 |last1=Miller |first1=Christopher |last2=Joiner |first2=Sam |last3=Killing |first3=Alison |last4=Andringa |first4=Peter |last5=Campbell |first5=Chris |last6=Stognei |first6=Anastasia |last7=Learner |first7=Sam }}</ref><ref name="t017">{{#invoke:cite|news|title=US aware of 'credible' reports Russia is listing Ukrainian children for adoption, White House says |work=[[Reuters]] |date=12 June 2024 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us-aware-credible-reports-russia-is-listing-ukrainian-children-adoption-white-2024-06-12/ |access-date=13 June 2024 }}</ref>

A March 2025 report published by the ISW suggests that the mass transfer of Ukrainian children to Russia had been an established component of Russia's war plans prior to the invasion. It references Russian governmental documents that predate the invasion, which outlined plans to move Ukrainian orphans in occupied Ukraine to Russia, described as 'humanitarian evacuations.' Since the invasion, tens to hundreds of thousands of Ukrainian children have been deported to Russia, where they have been housed in camps, placed with adoptive families, and provided with new Russian identities, including new names, falsified birth certificates, and other state documentation. The report claims that Russia intends to convert the abductees into 'the next generation of Russians' while 'depriving [Ukraine] of its multi-generation potential.' Referencing Article 2 of the [[Genocide Convention]], the author notes that 'international law explicitly forbids the forcible transfer of children from one group to another group for the purpose of destroying, in whole or in part, a national or ethnic group and considers these violations as constituent acts of genocide.'<ref name="o490">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Hird |first=Karolina |title=Putin is Still Stealing Ukrainian Children |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |date=24 March 2025 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/putin-still-stealing-ukrainian-children |access-date=23 October 2025 }}</ref>

In August 2025, [[Mykola Kuleba]], the head of a Ukrainian [[Non-governmental organization|NGO]], said that Russian occupation authorities in Ukraine had created an online "catalog" of Ukrainian children up for adoption sorted by physical traits, denouncing the practice as [[Trafficking of children|child trafficking]].<ref name="r419">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Fornusek |first=Martin | title=Russia launches 'catalog' of Ukrainian children for adoption, sorted by eye and hair color | website=The Kyiv Independent | date=7 August 2025 | url=https://kyivindependent.com/russia-launches-catalogue-of-ukrainian-children-for-adoption-sorted-by-eye-and-hair-color/ | access-date=13 August 2025}}</ref><ref name="n637">{{#invoke:cite|web| last=Vakulina | first=Sasha | title=Russia creates 'catalogue' of Ukrainian children for adoption | website=euronews | date=8 August 2025 | url=https://www.euronews.com/2025/08/08/stolen-children-marketplace-russia-creates-catalogue-of-ukrainian-kids-for-adoption | access-date=28 August 2025}}</ref><ref name="s452">{{#invoke:cite|web| title=Russian occupation authorities publish database of Ukrainian children for adoption, sortable by hair and eye color | website=Meduza | date=8 August 2025 | url=https://meduza.io/en/feature/2025/08/08/russian-occupation-authorities-publish-database-of-ukrainian-children-for-adoption-sortable-by-hair-and-eye-color | access-date=28 August 2025}}</ref><ref name="b387">{{#invoke:cite|web| last=Cookman | first=Liz | title=Russia 'running slave catalogue of Ukrainian children to adopt' | website=The Times and The Sunday Times | date=8 August 2025 | url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/russia-ukraine-war/article/orphans-adoption-website-children-3bfnd2k5d | access-date=28 August 2025}}</ref>

=== International arrest warrants ===
{{Main|International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Russian leaders}}

[[File:Zapad-2021 strategic military exercises (2021-09-13) 2.jpg|thumb|Three of the indicted individuals (left to right): Valery Gerasimov, Vladimir Putin and Sergei Shoigu]]
The [[International Criminal Court]] (ICC) opened [[International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine|an investigation]] into possible [[crimes against humanity]], [[Allegations of genocide of Ukrainians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|genocide]], and war crimes committed in Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Allegretti |first=Aubrey |date=3 March 2022 |title=ICC launches war crimes investigation over Russian invasion of Ukraine |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/03/icc-launches-war-crimes-investigation-russia-invasion-ukraine |access-date=11 February 2023 |issn=0261-3077 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|title=Ukraine |url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/ukraine |access-date=11 February 2023 |website=[[International Criminal Court]] }}</ref> On 17 March 2023, the ICC issued a warrant for Putin's arrest, charging him with individual criminal responsibility in the [[Child abductions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|abduction of children]] forcibly deported to Russia.<ref name="issues_warrant_2023_03_17_reuters">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us-says-video-shows-russian-jet-intercepted-spy-drone-near-ukraine-2023-03-16/ |title=Ukraine war: International court issues warrant for Putin's arrest |date=17 March 2023 |work=[[Reuters]] |access-date=18 March 2023 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/situation-ukraine-icc-judges-issue-arrest-warrants-against-vladimir-vladimirovich-putin-and |title=Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova |date=17 March 2023 |website=[[International Criminal Court]] |access-date=18 March 2023 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|last=Hofmański |first=Piotr |author-link=Piotr Hofmański |date=17 March 2023 |title=ICC arrest warrants in the situation of Ukraine: Statement by President Piotr Hofmański |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FbKhCAaRLfc |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[International Criminal Court]] |format=video}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Corder |first1=Mike |last2=Casert |first2=Raf |date=17 March 2023 |title=ICC issues arrest warrant for Putin over Ukraine war crimes |work=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://apnews.com/article/icc-putin-war-crimes-ukraine-9857eb68d827340394960eccf0589253 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317153603/https://apnews.com/article/icc-putin-war-crimes-ukraine-9857eb68d827340394960eccf0589253 |archive-date=17 March 2023}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Michaels |first=Daniel |date=17 March 2023 |title=U.N. Court Issues Arrest Warrant for Russia's Putin And Another Kremlin Official |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-n-court-issues-arrest-warrant-for-russias-putin-and-another-kremlin-official-d3b9cb8e?mod=Searchresults_pos1&page=1 }}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Fowler |first=Sarah |date=17 March 2023 |title="No excuse to deport children to Russia, says ICC prosecutor," |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-64994087 |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317155622/https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-64994087 |archive-date=17 March 2023}}</ref> It was the first time that the ICC had issued an arrest warrant for the head of state of a [[Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council|permanent member]] of the [[United Nations Security Council]]<ref name="issues_warrant_2023_03_17_reuters"/> (the world's five principal nuclear powers).<ref name="nuclear_powers">{{#invoke:cite|book|url=https://sipri.org/sites/default/files/SIPRIYB20c10s0.pdf |at=Table 10.1. World nuclear forces, January 2020; page 326 |chapter=10: "World nuclear forces" |title=Military Spending and Armaments, 2019 |publisher=[[Stockholm International Peace Research Institute]] (SIPRI) |access-date=18 March 2023 }}</ref> Moscow has denied any involvement in war crimes, a response Vittorio Bufacchi of [[University College Cork]] says "has bordered on the farcical",<ref>{{#invoke:cite|journal|first1=Vittorio |last1=Bufacchi |title=War crimes in Ukraine: is Putin responsible? |page=6 |date=26 July 2022 |doi=10.1080/2158379X.2022.2105495 |volume=16 |issue=1 |journal=[[Journal of Political Power]] |s2cid=251124184 |doi-access=free |hdl=10468/13459 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> and its contention that the images coming out of Bucha were fabricated is "a disingenuous response born by delusional hubris, post-truth on overdrive, (that) does not merit being taken seriously." Even the usually fractured [[United States Senate]] came together to call Putin a war criminal.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-senate-unanimously-condemns-putin-war-criminal-2022-03-15/ |title=U.S. Senate unanimously condemns Putin as war criminal |first=Moira |last=Warburton |date=15 March 2022 }}</ref>

One of several efforts to document Russian war crimes concerns its repeated bombardment of markets and bread lines, destruction of basic infrastructure, and attacks on exports and supply convoys in a country where [[Holodomor|deliberate starvation of Ukrainians by Soviets]] still looms large in public memory.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|first1=Dan |last1=Sabbagh |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/24/war-crimes-dossier-to-accuse-russia-of-deliberately-causing-starvation-in-ukraine |title=War crimes dossier to accuse Russia of deliberately causing starvation in Ukraine |date=24 September 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]] }}</ref> Forcible deportation of populations, such as took place in Mariupol, is another area of focus.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|journal|first1=Victoria |last1=Colvin |first2=Phil |last2=Orchard |title=Forced deportations and the Ukraine war: Russian culpability in atrocity crimes |doi=10.1177/26330024231167184 |volume=3 |issue=2 |date=28 March 2023 |journal=Violence |pages=281–300 |s2cid=257852247 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

In March 2024, the ICC issued arrest warrants for military officials [[Sergey Kobylash]], [[Viktor Sokolov (naval officer)|Viktor Sokolov]], [[Sergei Shoigu]], and [[Valery Gerasimov]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/situation-ukraine-icc-judges-issue-arrest-warrants-against-sergei-ivanovich-kobylash-and |title=Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Sergei Ivanovich Kobylash and Viktor Nikolayevich Sokolov |work=International Criminal Court |publisher=[[International Criminal Court]] |date=5 March 2024 |access-date=5 March 2024 }}</ref><ref name="WarCrime">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jun/25/icc-issues-arrest-warrants-for-russias-sergei-shoigu-and-valery-gerasimov |last=Roth |first=Andrew |title=ICC issues arrest warrants for Russian officials over alleged Ukraine war crimes |date=25 June 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=25 June 2024 }}</ref> In May 2026, a special tribunal was formalized by 36 countries to prosecute Putin for the [[crime of aggression]] against Ukraine.<ref name="c728">{{cite web | last=Liboreiro | first=Jorge | title='Point of no return': 36 countries join tribunal to prosecute Putin | website=euronews | date=15 May 2026 | url=https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2026/05/15/point-of-no-return-36-countries-join-special-tribunal-to-prosecute-vladimir-putin | access-date=18 May 2026}}</ref>

== Impacts ==
=== Humanitarian impact ===
{{main|Humanitarian impacts of the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}

The invasion contributed to the [[2022–2023 global food crises|2022 food crises]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=27 August 2022 |title=Ukraine exports 1 million tonnes of grain under new deal, train attacks may be war crimes, experts say |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-08-27/ukraine-has-exported-1-million-tonnes-of-food-under-grain-deal/101379084 |access-date=27 August 2022 |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] }}</ref> As of February 2025, 3.7 million Ukrainians were internally displaced and 6.9 million were refugees.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Ukraine Refugee Crisis: Aid, Statistics and News {{!}} USA for UNHCR |url=https://www.unrefugees.org/emergencies/ukraine/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250425182826/https://www.unrefugees.org/emergencies/ukraine/ |archive-date=25 April 2025 |access-date=25 April 2025 |website=unrefugees.org |language=en}}</ref>

Russian attacks on civilians, causing mass civilian casualties and displacement, have been characterised as [[genocide]] and [[democide]].<ref name="Etkind">{{#invoke:cite|journal|last=Etkind |first=Alexander |year=2022 |title=Ukraine, Russia, and Genocide of Minor Differences |journal=[[Journal of Genocide Research]] |volume=25 |issue=3–4 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |pages=1–19 |doi=10.1080/14623528.2022.2082911 |s2cid=249527690}}</ref><ref name="h710"/><ref name="q611"/><ref name="v008">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Richardson |first=Jon |date=11 March 2024 |title=Unmarked graves, violent repression and cultural erasure: the devastating human toll of Russia's invasion of Ukraine |url=https://theconversation.com/unmarked-graves-violent-repression-and-cultural-erasure-the-devastating-human-toll-of-russias-invasion-of-ukraine-223337 |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] }}</ref> In September 2023, a UN-mandated investigative body reported that Russian occupiers had tortured Ukrainians to death and forced families to listen as they raped women.<ref name="Farge 2023 r049">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Farge |first=Emma |date=25 September 2023 |title=Russia tortured some Ukrainian victims to death, UN inquiry says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-tortured-some-ukrainian-victims-death-un-inquiry-says-2023-09-25/ |access-date=26 September 2023 |work=[[Reuters]] }}</ref> The commission previously found that violations committed by Russian forces in Ukraine may constitute [[crimes against humanity]].<ref name="Gabrielle Tétrault-Farber 2023 t397">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Gabrielle Tétrault-Farber |last2=Emma Farge |date=16 March 2023 |title=UN inquiry finds |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russia-has-committed-wide-range-war-crimes-ukraine-un-inquiry-finds-2023-03-16/ |access-date=26 September 2023 |work=[[Reuters]] }}</ref>

By August 2024, the [[WHO]] had recorded 1,940 [[Russian strikes on hospitals during the Russian invasion of Ukraine|attacks against Ukrainian healthcare]] and reported widespread [[Double tap strike|double-tap]] attacks.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Grim milestone on World Humanitarian Day: WHO records 1940 attacks on health care in Ukraine since start of full-scale war |url=https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/19-08-2024-grim-milestone-on-world-humanitarian-day--who-records-1940-attacks-on-health-care-in-ukraine-since-start-of-full-scale-war |access-date=25 April 2025 |website=who.int |language=en}}</ref> In 2023, [[Physicians for Human Rights]] described Russian attacks on Ukraine's healthcare system as having a "reasonable basis" to be considered war crimes, and potentially constitute crimes against humanity.<ref name="PHR 2023 i908">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=7 August 2023 |title=Destruction and Devastation: One Year of Russia's Assault on Ukraine's Health Care System |url=https://phr.org/our-work/resources/russias-assault-on-ukraines-health-care-system/ |access-date=17 December 2023 |website=PHR}}</ref>

==== Cultural heritage ====
{{Main|Ukrainian culture during the Russian invasion of Ukraine}}

As of August 2025, [[UNESCO]] has verified damage to 508 Ukrainian cultural sites, including 151 religious sites, 34 museums, 33 monuments, and 18 libraries.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Damaged cultural sites in Ukraine verified by UNESCO |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/damaged-cultural-sites-ukraine-verified-unesco |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220413132416/https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/damaged-cultural-sites-ukraine-verified-unesco |archive-date=13 April 2022 |access-date=25 April 2025 |website=[[UNESCO]]}}</ref> In 2022, the [[European Parliament]] labelled Russia's destruction of Ukrainian cultural property a war crime.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=20 October 2022 |title=Destruction of cultural heritage is a war crime |url=https://www.eppgroup.eu/newsroom/news/destruction-of-cultural-heritage-is-a-war-crime |website=EPP Group in the European Parliament}}{{retrieved|access-date=14 February 2023}}</ref> Ukraine's [[Ministry of Culture and Strategic Communications|Minister of Culture]] [[Oleksandr Tkachenko (journalist)|Oleksandr Tkachenko]] called it [[cultural genocide]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=13 September 2022 |title=Salvaging Ukraine's culture: Country's history & language under threat |url=https://www.euronews.com/culture/2022/09/13/its-cultural-genocide-ukraines-culture-minister-trying-to-salvage-the-countrys-artifacts |access-date=11 November 2022 |publisher=[[Euronews]]}}</ref>

A documentary film produced during the siege of Mariupol, ''[[20 Days in Mariupol]]'', won the [[Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature Film|Oscar for best documentary]] in [[97th Academy Awards|2024]].<ref name="Pulver Shoard 2024 a031">{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Pulver |first1=Andrew |last2=Shoard |first2=Catherine |date=11 March 2024 |title=Ukraine war film 20 Days in Mariupol wins Oscar for best documentary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2024/mar/11/20-days-in-mariupol-documentary-oscar |access-date=14 March 2024 |website=The Guardian}}</ref>

=== Refugee crisis ===
{{Main|Ukrainian refugee crisis}}

{{See also|Transnational repression by Russia}}

[[File:02022 1199 Refugees from Ukraine in Kraków.jpg|thumb|Ukrainian refugees in [[Kraków]] protesting against the war, 6 March 2022]]

The war has caused the largest refugee and [[humanitarian crisis]] in Europe since World War II.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Beaumont |first=Peter |date=6 March 2022 |title=Ukraine has fastest-growing refugee crisis since second world war, says UN |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/06/ukraine-fastest-growing-refugee-crisis-since-second-world-war |access-date=8 March 2022 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> In the first week of the invasion, the UN reported over a million refugees had fled Ukraine; this reached over eight million by February 2023.<ref name="UNHCR-Ukraine">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Situation Ukraine Refugee Situation |url=https://data2.unhcr.org/en/situations/ukraine |access-date=23 July 2022 |website=[[United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Wintour |first=Patrick |date=3 July 2022 |title=Liz Truss mulls seizure of Russian assets in UK to give to Ukraine |work=the Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/03/liz-truss-mulls-seizure-of-russian-assets-in-uk-to-give-to-ukraine |access-date=4 July 2022}}</ref> In May 2022, following an influx of military equipment into Ukraine, a significant number of refugees sought to return to regions relatively isolated from the front in southeastern Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Bior |first1=Ayen |last2=Shapiro |first2=Ari |last3=Ozug |first3=Matt |date=20 May 2022 |title=Millions rushed to leave Ukraine. Now the queue to return home stretches for miles |publisher=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/05/20/1099876370/ukraine-russia-poland-border-return |url-status=live |access-date=28 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520092843/https://www.npr.org/2022/05/20/1099876370/ukraine-russia-poland-border-return |archive-date=20 May 2022}}</ref> By 3 May, another 8 million people were displaced inside Ukraine.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Ukraine |url=https://www.internal-displacement.org/countries/ukraine |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=IDMC}}</ref>

Most refugees were women, children, elderly, or disabled.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=26 February 2022 |title=Refugees flee Ukraine for the EU, men told to stay and fight |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-02-26/thousands-flee-ukraine-into-eu-men-told-to-stay-and-fight/100863936 |access-date=3 March 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Michaels |first=Samantha |date=7 March 2022 |title=More Than 1.5 Million Refugees Have Fled Ukraine |work=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]] |url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2022/03/refugees-fleeing-ukraine-russian-invasion/ |access-date=10 March 2022}}</ref> Most male Ukrainian nationals aged 18 to 60 were denied exit from Ukraine as part of [[Conscription in Ukraine|mandatory conscription]],<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|first=Charli |last=Carpenter |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/07/15/ukraine-war-conscription-martial-law-men-gender-human-rights/ |date=15 July 2022 |title=Civilian Men Are Trapped in Ukraine: Human rights and humanitarian NGOs should pay attention to Kyiv's sex-selective martial law |work=Foreign Policy |access-date=17 September 2023}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=8 March 2022 |title=Why banning men from leaving Ukraine violates their human rights |work=[[The Conversation (website)|The Conversation]] |url=https://theconversation.com/why-banning-men-from-leaving-ukraine-violates-their-human-rights-178411}}</ref> unless they were responsible for the financial support of three or more children, were single fathers, or were the parent/guardian of children with disabilities.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Tondo |first=Lorenzo |date=9 March 2022 |title=Ukraine urged to take 'humane' approach as men try to flee war |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/mar/09/ukraine-urged-to-take-humane-approach-as-men-try-to-flee-war |access-date=9 March 2022}}</ref> Many Ukrainian men, including teenagers, opted to remain in Ukraine voluntarily to join the resistance.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SqP5Yx57aeo |title=Men, some in their teens, join Ukraine's resistance fighters |date=5 March 2022 |access-date=8 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306020105/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SqP5Yx57aeo |archive-date=6 March 2022 |url-status=live |via=YouTube |work=[[DW News]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|web|date=11 August 2022 |title=Generation UA: Young Ukrainians are driving the resistance to Russia's war |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/ukrainealert/generation-ua-young-ukrainians-are-driving-the-resistance-to-russias-war/ |access-date=14 February 2023 |website=Atlantic Council}}</ref>

According to the UN High Commission for Refugees as of May 2022, there were 3,315,711 refugees in Poland, 901,696 in Romania, 594,664 in Hungary, 461,742 in Moldova, 415,402 in Slovakia, and 27,308 in Belarus, while Russia reported it had received over 800,104 refugees.<ref name="UNHCR-Ukraine"/> By July 2022, over {{formatnum:390000}} Ukrainian refugees had arrived in the Czech Republic.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Klimešová |first1=Magdaléna |last2=Šatava |first2=Jiří |last3=Ondruška |first3=Michal |title=The situation of refugees from Ukraine |url=https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/library-document/situation-refugees-ukraine_en |publisher=[[Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Czech Republic)]] |date=13 July 2022 |access-date=28 February 2024}}</ref> Turkey registered more than 58,000 Ukrainian refugees as of March 2022.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=22 March 2022 |title=İçişleri Bakanı Soylu: 58 bin Ukraynalı savaş sonrası Türkiye'ye geldi |language=tr |trans-title=Interior Minister Soylu: 58 thousand Ukrainians came to Turkey after the war |work=[[BBC]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-60836830 |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref> The EU invoked the [[Temporary Protection Directive]] for the first time, granting Ukrainian refugees the right to live and work in the EU for up to three years.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=30 March 2022 |title=How many refugees have fled Ukraine and where are they going? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-60555472 |access-date=15 April 2022 |website=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Britain has accepted 146,379 refugees, as well as extending the ability to remain in the UK for three years.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Statistics on Ukrainians in the UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/immigration-statistics-year-ending-june-2022/statistics-on-ukrainians-in-the-uk |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=gov.uk}}</ref> Flight from war affected especially the southern and eastern regions and especially educated women of childbearing age and their children. With an estimate of more than 20% of refugees not returning, study author Maryna Tverdostup concluded that long-term shrinking will significantly impair reconstruction.<ref name="kna23">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Knapp |first=Andreas |title=Ukraine: Population loss endangers reconstruction |url=https://wiiw.ac.at/ukraine-population-loss-endangers-reconstruction-n-603.html |website=WIIW |access-date=19 July 2023 |date=13 July 2023}}</ref>

According to the [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]], Russia has engaged in "massive deportation" of over 1.3 million Ukrainian civilians, potentially constituting crimes against humanity.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Herb |first1=Jeremy |last2=Kaufman |first2=Ellie |last3=Atwood |first3=Kylie |date=14 July 2022 |title=Experts document alleged crimes against humanity committed by Russian forces in Ukraine |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/07/14/politics/osce-report-russia-war-crimes/index.html |access-date=19 October 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Subramaniam |first=Tara |title=Russia's war in Ukraine |work=[[CNN]] |date=19 October 2022 |url=https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-10-19-22/index.html |access-date=19 October 2022}}</ref> The OSCE and Ukraine have accused Russia of [[Forced displacement|forcibly moving]] civilians to filtration camps in Russian-held territory and then into Russia. Ukrainian sources have compared this policy to [[Population transfer in the Soviet Union|Soviet-era population transfers]] and Russian actions in the [[Chechen War of Independence]].<ref name="Mackintosh-2022-04-08">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Mackintosh |first1=Eliza |last2=Ochman |first2=Oleksandra |last3=Mezzofiore |first3=Gianluca |last4=Polglase |first4=Katie |last5=Rebane |first5=Teele |last6=Graham-Yooll |first6=Anastasia |date=8 April 2022 |title=Russia or die: After weeks under Putin's bombs, these Ukrainians were given only one way out |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/04/07/europe/ukraine-mariupol-russia-deportation-cmd-intl/index.html |access-date=9 April 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Peter |first=Laurence |date=27 March 2022 |title=Russia transfers thousands of Mariupol civilians to its territory |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60894142 |access-date=1 April 2022}}</ref> For instance, as of April 2022, Russia claimed to have evacuated about 121,000 Mariupol residents to Russia.<ref name="Mackintosh-2022-04-08"/><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=19 October 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Russians start leaving Ukraine's Kherson city |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63311744 |access-date=19 October 2022}}</ref> [[RIA Novosti]] and Ukrainian officials said that thousands were dispatched to centres in cities in Russia and Russian-occupied Ukraine,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Butchenko |first=Maksym |date=15 April 2022 |title=V dukhe Stalina. Fil'tratsionnyye lagerya, doprosy i vyvoz v glush' — kak Moskva nasil'no deportiruyet ukraintsev Donbassa |script-title=ru:В духе Сталина. Фильтрационные лагеря, допросы и вывоз в глушь — как Москва насильно депортирует украинцев Донбасса |language=ru |trans-title=In the spirit of Stalin. Filtration camps, interrogations and removal into the wilderness – how Moscow forcibly deports Ukrainians from Donbass |work=NV.ua |url=https://life.nv.ua/socium/deportaciya-ukraincev-v-rossiyu-kak-eto-proishodit-i-kak-vernutsya-v-ukrainu-50233912.html |access-date=20 April 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.segodnya.ua/strana/podrobnosti/denisova-okkupanty-derzhat-v-filtracionnyh-lageryah-rf-bolee-20-000-mariupolcev-1615773.html |script-title=ru:Денисова: оккупанты держат в фильтрационных лагерях РФ более 20 000 мариупольцев |title=Denisova: okkupanty derzhat v fil'tratsionnykh lageryakh RF boleye 20 000 mariupol'tsev |language=ru |trans-title=Denisov: occupiers keep more than 20,000 Mariupol residents in filtration camps of the Russian Federation |first=Valentyna |last=Shapoval |work=[[Segodnya (1997)|Segodnya]] |date=18 April 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.currenttime.tv/a/razdevali-tatushki-moi-smotreli-artem/31797135.html |script-title=ru:"Раздевали, татушки мои смотрели". Артем уехал из Мариуполя в "ДНР", а потом и из России. Он рассказывает о том, что происходило на границах |title="Razdevali, tatushki moi smotreli". Artem uyekhal iz Mariupolya v "DNR", a potom i iz Rossii. On rasskazyvayet o tom, chto proiskhodilo na granitsakh |language=ru |trans-title="They undressed, they looked at my tattoos." Artem left Mariupol for the "DPR", and then from Russia. He talks about what happened at the borders |first1=Yuliya |last1=Goricheva |first2=Аnnа |last2=Tokhmakhchi |work=[[Current Time TV]] |date=11 April 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://news.obozrevatel.com/vojna-v-ukraine/okkupantyi-sozdali-v-rossii-lager-dlya-deportirovannyih-iz-ukrainyi-tam-soderzhat-bolee-400-chelovek.htm |script-title=ru:Оккупанты создали в России лагерь для депортированных из Украины: там содержат более 400 человек |title=Okkupanty sozdali v Rossii lager' dlya deportirovannykh iz Ukrainy: tam soderzhat boleye 400 chelovek |language=ru |trans-title=The occupiers created a camp in Russia for deportees from Ukraine: more than 400 people are kept there |first=Ol'ga |last=Hanyukova |work=[[Obozrevatel]] |date=10 April 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://tsn.ua/ru/ukrayina/ne-bylo-odezhdy-edy-i-predmetov-gigieny-v-rossii-obnaruzhili-tri-lagerya-dlya-deportirovannyh-mariupolcev-2039359.html |script-title=ru:"Не имели одежды, еды и предметов гигиены": в России обнаружили три лагеря для депортированных мариупольцев |title="Ne imeli odezhdy, yedy i predmetov gigiyeny": v Rossii obnaruzhili tri lagerya dlya deportirovannykh mariupol'tsev |language=ru |trans-title="They didn't have clothes, food and hygiene items": three camps for deported Mariupol residents were found in Russia |first=Tat'yana |last=Kurpita |work=[[Television Service of News|TSN]] |date=17 April 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://news.liga.net/politics/news/rossiya-sozdala-bliz-donetska-filtratsionnyy-lager-dlya-ukraintsev-razvedka |script-title=ru:Россия создала близ Донецка фильтрационный лагерь для украинцев – разведка |title=Rossiya sozdala bliz Donetska fil'tratsionnyy lager' dlya ukraintsev – razvedka |language=ru |trans-title=Russia has created a filtration camp for Ukrainians near Donetsk – intelligence |first=Yevgeniy |last=Pylypenko |work=LIGA.net |date=24 March 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://nv.ua/kharkiv/okkupanty-sozdayut-filtracionnye-lagerya-dlya-perepravki-lyudey-v-rf-novosti-harkova-50231325.html |script-title=ru:В Харьковской области оккупанты создают фильтрационные лагеря — Денисова |title=V Khar'kovskoy oblasti okkupanty sozdayut fil'tratsionnyye lagerya — Denisova |language=ru |trans-title=Invaders create filtration camps in Kharkiv region – Denisova |first=Aleksandr |last=Klimov |work=NV.ua |date=5 April 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/russia-ukraine-war/article/russia-ukraine-art-school-mariupol-6fprjwq0t |title=Ukraine accuses Russia of killing 56 care home residents in Luhansk |first=Tom |last=Ball |work=[[The Times]] |date=20 March 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://sport.ua/news/578396-foto-okkupanty-stroyat-filtratsionnye-lagerya-dlya-ukraintsev |script-title=ru:Фото. Оккупанты строят фильтрационные лагеря для украинцев |title=Foto. Okkupanty stroyat fil'tratsionnyye lagerya dlya ukraintsev |language=ru |trans-title=A Photo. Occupiers build filtration camps for Ukrainians |website=sport.ua |date=28 March 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022}}</ref> from which people were sent to economically depressed regions of Russia.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Kupriyanova |first=Olga |date=24 March 2022 |title=Fil'tratsionnyye lagerya i trudoustroystvo na Sakhaline: ukraintsev iz okkupirovannykh gorodov prinuditel'no otpravlyayut v rossiyu |script-title=ru:Фильтрационные лагеря и трудоустройство на Сахалине: украинцев из оккупированных городов принудительно отправляют в россию |language=ru |trans-title=Filtration camps and employment on Sakhalin: Ukrainians from occupied cities are forcibly sent to Russia |work=[[1+1 (TV channel)|1+1]] |url=https://1plus1.ua/ru/novyny/filtracijni-tabori-ta-pracevlastuvanna-na-sahalini-ukrainciv-z-okupovanih-mist-primusovo-vidpravlaut-do-rosii |access-date=20 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=21 April 2022 |title=Putin i Shoygu planirovali sozdat' kontslagerya dlya ukraintsev v Zapadnoy Sibiri, – Danilov |script-title=ru:Путин и Шойгу планировали создать концлагеря для украинцев в Западной Сибири, – Данилов |trans-title=Putin and Shoigu planned to create concentration camps for Ukrainians in Western Siberia – Danilov |url=https://censor.net/ru/news/3335903/putin_i_shoyigu_planirovali_sozdat_kontslagerya_dlya_ukraintsev_v_zapadnoyi_sibiri_danilov |access-date=25 April 2022 |website=Цензор.НЕТ |language=ru}}
^{{#invoke:cite|web|date=22 April 2022 |title=Putin i Shoygu planirovali sozdat' kontslagerya dlya ukraintsev v Zapadnoy Sibiri – Danilov |script-title=ru:Путин и Шойгу планировали создать концлагеря для украинцев в Западной Сибири – Данилов |trans-title=Putin and Shoigu planned to create concentration camps for Ukrainians in Western Siberia – Danilov |url=https://news.liga.net/politics/news/putin-i-shoygu-planirovali-sozdat-kontslagerya-dlya-ukraintsev-v-zapadnoy-sibiri-danilov |access-date=25 April 2022 |website=LIGA |language=ru}}</ref>{{Efn|Most likely, new cities meant new industrial cities in Siberia, the construction plans of which were announced by Shoigu in the fall of 2021.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=6 September 2021 |title=Shoygu nazval mesta dlya stroitel'stva novykh gorodov v Sibiri |script-title=ru:Шойгу назвал места для строительства новых городов в Сибири |trans-title=Shoigu named places for the construction of new cities in Siberia |url=https://www.rbc.ru/politics/06/09/2021/6131fa0f9a7947199b6163d1 |website=РБК |language=ru}}</ref>}}

=== Environmental impact ===
{{Main|Environmental impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine}}

[[File:Attack on the center of Severodonetsk by Russian forces.jpg|thumb|An explosion due to the shelling of a tank of nitric acid during the [[Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)|battle of Sievierodonetsk]], 31 May 2022]]
Based on a preliminary assessment, the war has inflicted $51 billion in environmental damage in Ukraine; according to a report by the [[Yale School of the Environment]], {{convert|687,000|ST|t e9lb|order=out|abbr=off}} of petrochemicals have burnt as a result of shelling, while nearly {{convert|1,600|ST|t e6lb|order=out|abbr=off}} of pollutants have leaked into bodies of water. Hazardous chemicals have contaminated around {{convert|70|acres|ha|order=flip}} of soil and likely made agricultural activities temporarily impossible.<ref name="enviroyale">[https://e360.yale.edu/digest/russia-ukraine-war-environmental-cost-one-year "One Year In, Russia's War on Ukraine Has Inflicted $51 Billion in Environmental Damage"] e360.yale.edu. 22 February 2023. Accessed 25 September 2023.</ref> Around 30% of Ukraine's land is littered with explosives, and more than {{convert|2.4|e6ha|abbr=off}} of forest have been damaged.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title='Environmental Destruction Is a Form of Warfare': Thunberg Joins Ecocide Investigation in Ukraine |url=https://www.commondreams.org/news/thunberg-joins-group-to-investigate-ecocide-in-ukraine |access-date=3 July 2023 |website=commondreams.org}}</ref>

According to peace organisation PAX, Russia's "deliberate targeting of industrial and energy infrastructure" has caused "severe" pollution, and explosive weapons have left "millions of tonnes" of contaminated debris in cities and towns.<ref name="pax">[https://paxforpeace.nl/news/overview/ten-step-plan-to-address-environmental-impact-of-war-in-ukraine "Ten-Step plan to address environmental impact of war in Ukraine"] PAX for Peace. 24 February 2023. Accessed 25 September 2023.</ref> In June 2023, the [[Kakhovka Dam]], under Russian occupation, [[Destruction of the Kakhovka Dam|was damaged]], causing flooding and triggering warnings of an "ecological disaster."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Finlay |first1=Madeleine |last2=Cox |first2=Joel |last3=Bury |first3=Ellie |date=13 June 2023 |title=Kakhovka dam destruction: why is Ukraine calling it 'ecocide'? – podcast |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/audio/2023/jun/13/kakhovka-dam-destruction-why-is-ukraine-calling-it-ecocide-podcast |access-date=9 October 2023 |work=The Guardian |issn=0261-3077}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Talmazan |first1=Yuliya |last2=Arkin |first2=Daniel |last3=Kaufman |first3=Sarah |last4=Mayer |first4=Daryna |name-list-style=and |date=6 June 2023 |title=Ukraine accuses Russia of blowing up major dam |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/kakhovka-dam-ukraine-russia-destroyed-rcna87852 |access-date=25 September 2023 |work=[[NBC News]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Hallam |first1=Jonny |last2=Pennington |first2=Josh |last3=Regan |first3=Helen |last4=Voitovych |first4=Olga |last5=Nasser |first5=Irene |last6=Shukla |first6=Sebastian |last7=Kottasová |first7=Ivana |last8=Mezzofiore |first8=Gianluca |last9=Shelley |first9=Jo |name-list-style=and |date=6 June 2023 |title=Collapse of critical Ukrainian dam sparks region-wide evacuations. Here's what we know |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/06/06/europe/ukraine-nova-kakhovka-dam-breach-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=9 October 2023 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref>

The Ukrainian government, international observers, and journalists have described the damage as [[ecocide]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=2 June 2023 |title=The Environmental Cost of the War in Ukraine |url=https://www.irreview.org/articles/the-environmental-cost-of-the-war-in-ukraine |access-date=7 June 2023 |website=International Relations Review}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Graham-Harrison |first=Emma |date=27 August 2022 |title=Toxins in soil, blasted forests – Ukraine counts cost of Putin's 'ecocide' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/27/destroyed-nature-ukrainians-race-to-gather-evidence-of-putins-ecocide |access-date=25 September 2023 |work=The Observer |issn=0029-7712}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=19 March 2022 |title=Ukrainians hope to rebuild greener country after Russia's war ravages environment |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/ukraine-green-ecocide-russia-war-b2038825.html |access-date=7 June 2023 |work=[[The Independent]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Gutman-Argemí |first1=Clara |last2=Ahn |first2=Ashley |last3=Benson |first3=Brawley |name-list-style=and |date=9 June 2023 |title=Ukrainians Are Accusing Russia of Ecocide. What Does That Mean? |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/06/09/ecocide-ukraine-russia-dam-war-crimes/ |access-date=9 October 2023 |work=[[Foreign Policy]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=7 June 2023 |title=Ukraine launches "ecocide" and war crimes probe into Nova Kakhovka dam incident |url=https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-06-07-23#h_36848cd5abb76e0ddd522cd78f4f5f43 |access-date=9 October 2023 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> The Ukrainian government is investigating more crimes against the environment and ecocide (a crime in Ukraine).<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Yermak |first1=Andriy |author1-link=Andriy Yermak |last2=Wallström |first2=Margot |author2-link=Margot Wallström |date=16 August 2023 |title=Russia is committing grave acts of ecocide in Ukraine – and the results will harm the whole world |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/aug/16/russia-ecocide-ukraine-world-war-crimes |access-date=9 October 2023 |issn=0261-3077}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Graham-Harrison |first=Emma |date=27 August 2022 |title=Toxins in soil, blasted forests – Ukraine counts cost of Putin's 'ecocide' |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/27/destroyed-nature-ukrainians-race-to-gather-evidence-of-putins-ecocide |access-date=9 October 2023 |issn=0029-7712}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Santora |first=Marc |date=17 August 2023 |title=As Dead Dolphins Wash Ashore, Ukraine Builds a Case of Ecocide Against Russia |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/17/world/europe/russia-war-dolphin-deaths-ukraine.html |access-date=9 October 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Zelenskyy has met with prominent European figures ([[Heidi Hautala]], [[Margot Wallstrom]], [[Mary Robinson]], and [[Greta Thunberg]]) to discuss the environmental damage and how to prosecute it.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Gigova |first=Radina |date=2 July 2023 |title=Russia is accused of 'ecocide' in Ukraine. But what does that mean? |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/07/02/world/ukraine-ecocide-dam-collapse-crime-climate-intl-cmd/index.html |access-date=25 September 2023 |work=[[CNN]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|agency=Press Association |date=29 June 2023 |title=Zelenskyy meets Greta Thunberg, Mary Robinson to address war's effect on Ukraine's ecology |url=https://www.thejournal.ie/zelenskyy-greta-thunberg-6106147-Jun2023/ |access-date=25 September 2023 |work=[[TheJournal.ie]]}}</ref>

According to an investigation by NGL Media published in April 2024, Russia has completely destroyed over {{convert|60,000|ha|abbr=off}} of Ukrainian forests. The investigation stated that long-term ecological consequences may include lowering of the groundwater level, reduction of biodiversity, worsening of air quality, fire outbreaks, and rivers and ponds drying up.<ref name="Fornusek 2024 r049">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Fornusek |first=Martin |title=Media: Russia destroys over 60,000 hectares of Ukrainian forests |website=Yahoo News |date=8 April 2024 |url=https://news.yahoo.com/media-russia-destroys-over-60-101907829.html |access-date=12 April 2024}}</ref>

The war in Ukraine has severely disrupted global [[climate policy]] and increased CO2 emissions.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Singha |first1=Sutandra |title=Ripples of War: The Russia-Ukraine Conflict's Impact on Global Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Climate Change |url=https://chintan.indiafoundation.in/articles/ripples-of-war-the-russia-ukraine-conflicts-impact-on-global-carbon-dioxide-emissions-and-climate-change/ |website=Chintan India foundation blog |date=17 December 2024 |publisher=India Foundation |access-date=13 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Russia owes 'whole world' for environment damage: Ukraine |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/defence/news/russia-owes-whole-world-for-environment-damage-ukraine/ |website=Euroactive |date=15 November 2022 |access-date=21 January 2025}}</ref> The effects have been strongly felt in Asia,<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=de Guzman |first=Chad |date=19 May 2023 |title=Russia's War in Ukraine Is Worsening Asia's Heat Wave |url=https://time.com/6281045/asia-heat-wave-russia-ukraine-war/ |access-date=21 May 2023 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Tan |first=Huileng |date=22 May 2023 |title=Asia is in the middle of a record heatwave, and Russia is reaping the financial rewards of it |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/putin-russian-energy-oil-gas-coal-india-china-korea-heatwave-2023-5 |access-date=23 May 2023 |website=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Chin |first=Yongchang |date=21 May 2023 |title=Crippling Heat Deepens Asia's Reliance on Russian Energy |work=Bloomberg News |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-05-21/crippling-heat-waves-deepen-asia-s-reliance-on-russian-energy |access-date=23 May 2023}}</ref> Europe,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Climate bomb' warning over $200bn wave of new gas projects |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/dec/05/climate-bomb-warning-over-200bn-wave-of-new-gas-projects |work=The Guardian |access-date=25 December 2024 |agency=The Guardian |date=5 December 2024}}</ref> and the US.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Lakhani |first1=Nina |last2=Milman |first2=Oliver |title=US fracking boom could tip world to edge of climate disaster |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/may/11/us-fracking-climate-fossil-fuel-gases |access-date=1 December 2023 |agency=The Guardian |date=11 May 2022}}</ref>
{{also|2026 Chernobyl exclusion zone wildfires}}
==== Nuclear risk ====
{{main|Nuclear risk during the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}

[[File:Rafael Mariano Grossi visits Zaporizhzhya NPP (02011296) (52340771440).jpg|thumb|IAEA inspectors recording damage at Zaporizhzhia NPP]]

The invasion had an [[Impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on nuclear power plants|impact on Ukraine's nuclear power plants]]. Russian forces [[Capture of Chernobyl|captured Chernobyl]] on the first day, leading to a huge spike in radiation levels.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=25 February 2022 |title=Chernobyl: Radiation spike at nuclear plant seized by Russian forces |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-60528828 |last=Gill |first=Victoria |access-date=25 February 2022 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |archive-date=25 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225165134/https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-60528828 |url-status=live}}</ref> Russia also captured the [[Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant]], the largest in Europe, which has since [[Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis|been at risk]] and damaged by shelling. In August 2022, Zelenskyy described the situation as "Russian [[nuclear terrorism|nuclear terror]]."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=7 August 2022 |title='Russian nuclear terror': Ukraine atomic plant attacked again |work=aljazeera.com |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/8/7/fears-of-disaster-after-ukrainian-nuclear-plant-struck-again |access-date=10 September 2022}}</ref> The [[International Atomic Energy Agency]] said it was the first time a military conflict occurred amid nuclear plants, and it called for a demilitarised zone around Zaporizhzhia NPP.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=U.N. nuclear watchdog calls for a 'security protection zone' around the Russian-held Zaporizhzhia power plant |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/un-nuclear-watchdog-calls-security-protection-zone-russian-held-zapori-rcna46446 |access-date=7 September 2022 |website=NBC News |date=7 September 2022}}</ref>

=== Economic impact ===
{{Main|Economic impact of the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}
[[File:2020- Price of oil.svg|thumb|Viewed in context, the price of oil has been affected internationally at the times of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian war and the [[2026 Iran war]].<ref name=EIA_OilPriceData>{{cite web |title=Petroleum & Other Liquids / Data ▼ / Download series history |url=https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_pri_spt_s1_w.htm |publisher=U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260605153644/https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_pri_spt_s1_w.htm |archive-date=5 June 2026 |url-status=live}}</ref>]]

==== Ukraine ====
[[Ministry of Economy (Ukraine)|Ukrainian Minister of Economic Development and Trade]] [[Yulia Svyrydenko]] announced that for 2022 Ukraine had a 30% loss in its [[gross domestic product]] (GDP).<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Horowitz |first=Julia |date=5 January 2022 |title=Ukraine's economy shrank by more than 30% in 2022 |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/01/05/business/ukraine-economy/index.html |access-date=11 May 2024 |work=CNN |type=Digital}}</ref> The [[International Monetary Fund]] predicted that Ukraine's GDP would decrease between 10% and 35%;<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Shalal |first1=Andrea |last2=Zinets |first2=Natalia |last3=Lawder |first3=David |date=14 March 2022 |title=Ukraine economy to contract sharply in 2022 due to war, IMF report says |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-economy-could-shrink-by-third-due-russia-invasion-imf-report-says-2022-03-14/ |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> the [[European Bank for Reconstruction and Development]] predicted a 20% decrease.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Porter |first=Richard |date=31 March 2022 |title=EBRD sees war on Ukraine causing major growth slowdown |url=https://www.ebrd.com/news/2022/ebrd-sees-war-on-ukraine-causing-major-growth-slowdown.html |website=European Bank for Reconstruction and Development}}</ref> The Ukrainian statistics service said that the GDP of Ukraine in 2023 grew by 5.3%.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=28 March 2024 |title=Ukraine's economy grew 5.3% in 2023, statistics service says |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/europe/ukraines-economy-grew-53-2023-statistics-service-says-2024-03-28/ |access-date=2 June 2024 |work=Reuters |type=Digital}}</ref> By 2026 the total cost of rebuilding Ukraine was estimated by the World Bank at US$588 billion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-02-23 |title=Ukraine: $588 billion recovery cost over the next 10 years {{!}} UN News |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/02/1167016 |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=news.un.org |language=en}}</ref><ref name="o831">{{cite web |last=Shalal |first=Andrea |date=2026-02-23 |title=Ukraine reconstruction estimate jumps 12% to $588 billion, World Bank says |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/ukraine-reconstruction-estimate-jumps-12-588-billion-world-bank-says-2026-02-23/ |access-date=2026-02-25 |website=Reuters}}</ref>

Ukraine began issuing [[war bond]]s on 1 March 2022, and the following day the Ukrainian government announced that they had raised 6.14 billion hryvnias.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Tan |first1=Weizhen |last2=Wang |first2=Christine |date=2 March 2022 |title=Ukraine raises $270 million from sale of war bonds to fund army as Russia's invasion continues |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/03/02/ukraine-raises-270-million-from-sale-of-war-bonds-to-fund-army.html |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=CNBC |type=Digital}}</ref> In May 2022 the European Commission banned grain sales in Bulgaria, Poland, Hungary, Romania and Slovakia, except if they were transiting through those countries; the ban was lifted in September 2023.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=2 April 2024 |title=How much grain is Ukraine exporting and how is it leaving the country? |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-61759692 |access-date=11 May 2024 |work=BBC |type=Digital}}</ref>

The war has caused a major [[humanitarian crisis]] in Ukraine: the [[United Nations Development Programme]] calculated in March 2022 that a prolonged conflict would cause 30% of the Ukrainian population to fall below the poverty line, while a further 62% would be at risk of falling into poverty within a year.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=16 March 2022 |title=UN: 90 Percent Of Ukrainians Could Slip Into Poverty If War Drags On |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/un-ukraine-90percent-poverty/31755484.html |website=[[RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty]]}}</ref>

Ukraine is home to substantial mineral, fossil-fuel, and agricultural resources, the capture of which analysts believe was a potential motivation for the launching of the war by Russia.<ref name="Kirby">{{cite news |last1=Kirby |first1=Jason |title=In taking Ukraine, Putin would gain a strategic commodities powerhouse |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-in-taking-ukraine-putin-would-gain-a-strategic-commodities-powerhouse/ |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |date=25 February 2022}}</ref><ref name="Brewster">{{cite news |last1=Brewster |first1=Murray |author-link1=Murray Brewster |title=Natural gas, rare earth minerals: What's at stake for Ukraine in the territory Russia is trying to conquer |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/natural-resources-ukraine-war-1.6467039 |work=[[CBC News]] |date=27 May 2022}}</ref> Joint exploitation of Ukrainian mineral resources was subsequently the subject of the [[Ukraine–United States Mineral Resources Agreement]].<ref name="Aikman & da Silva 2025">{{cite news |last1=Aikman |first1=Ian |last2=da Silva |first2=João |title=What we know about US-Ukraine minerals deal |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cn527pz54neo |access-date=3 March 2026 |work=BBC News |date=26 February 2025}}</ref>

==== Russia ====
The US government estimated that Russia's economic losses from the war and Western sanctions would be around $1.3 trillion by 2025, and Russia's direct financial spending on the invasion is estimated at $250 billion (as of late 2024)—costs that Russia could not have foreseen.<ref name="DU">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Brumme |first=Christoph |title=In der Ukraine kämpft Russland um Rohstoffe |url=https://www.n-tv.de/politik/Der-Krieg-gegen-die-Ukraine-ist-fuer-Russland-ein-Kampf-um-Rohstoffe-article25032685.html |access-date=6 December 2024 |website=n-tv.de |language=de }}</ref> Other estimates put the direct cost of the war to Russia at over US$450 billion.<ref name="DU"/><ref name=mt20250114/><ref name=kpost20250115/> The international sanctions led Russia to become heavily economically and technologically dependent on China.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Russia becomes China's 'junior partner'|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/08/12/china-russia-power-imbalance-putin-xi-junior-partner/|access-date=28 April 2023|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286|last=Tharoor|first=Ishaan|date=12 August 2022}}</ref><ref name=":152">{{Cite news |date=20 May 2026|title=How China quietly helps Russia in Ukraine|url=https://www.economist.com/china/2026/05/20/how-china-quietly-helps-russia-in-ukraine|url-access=subscription|access-date=2026-05-23|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|issn=0013-0613}}</ref>

The [[Ministry of Economic Development (Russia)|Russian Ministry of Economic Development]] said that for 2022 the GDP contracted by 2.1%<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=21 February 2023 |title=Russian economy shrank 2.1% in 2022, much less than expected |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/2/21/russias-economy-contracted-2-1-in-2022 |access-date=11 May 2024 |work=Al Jazeera}}</ref> and for 2023 Russia's government said the GDP grew by 3.6%.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Garver |first=Rob |date=8 February 2024 |title=Russia's Economy Grew in 2023, Despite War and Sanctions |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/russia-economy-grew-in-2023-despite-war-and-sanctions/7478952.html |access-date=2 June 2024 |work=Voice of America |type=Digital}}</ref> In April 2024, it was reported that Russia was planning tax increases to help finance the war.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Sonne |first=Paul |title=Putin's War Will Soon Reach Russians' Tax Bills |website=New York Times |date=27 April 2024 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/27/world/europe/russia-taxes-ukraine-war-putin.html |access-date=30 April 2024}}</ref> In January 2025, it was reported that, since early 2022, Russia had used a two-prong strategy to finance the war. In addition to the official Russian government [[Military budget of Russia|defence budget]]—direct financial expenditure for the war was estimated at US$250 billion through June 2024 for military spending through normal channels,<ref name="DU"/> with the military budget rising to over 20% of annual GDP—an additional off-budget financing mechanism was employed with over US$200 billion of debt funding obtained from preferential bank loans to defence contractors and war-related businesses, compelled by the Russian government.<ref name=mt20250114>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russia's Hidden War Debt Creates a Looming Credit Crisis |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2025/01/14/russias-hidden-war-debt-creates-a-looming-credit-crisis-a87606 |last=Aris |first=Ben |work=[[Moscow Times]] |date=14 January 2025 |access-date=24 January 2025}}</ref><ref name=kpost20250115>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Russia's Preferential Defense Loans a Ticking Bomb for Moscow's Economy |url=https://www.kyivpost.com/post/45424 |last=Hrazhdan |first=Olena |work=[[Kyiv Post]] |date=15 January 2025 |access-date=24 January 2025}}</ref>

A report in April 2025 by the Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics noted that official Russian statistics are unreliable.<ref name=SITEreport1>{{cite report |date= April 2025|title=Financing the Russian War Economy|url= https://www.hhs.se/contentassets/79a322a8739a401ea88225909d2e4856/site-russian-economy-spring-2025-update.pdf|publisher= Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics (SITE)|access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref> The report argued that Russian fiscal stimulus has kept the economy afloat so far but that it is on an unsustainable trajectory.<ref name=SITEreport1/><ref name=sitepresent>{{#invoke:cite|web|author= |date= 16 May 2025|title= SITE's Torbjörn Becker briefs EU on Russia's economy and effects of sanctions|url= https://www.hhs.se/en/about-us/news/site-publications/2025/eu-sanctions-on-russia/|website= [[Stockholm School of Economics]]|publisher= Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics (SITE)|access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref> In August 2025, [[VEB.RF|VEB]], one of the largest Russian state banks, assessed that the Russian economy had started slipping into recession.<ref name="e976">{{#invoke:cite|web| title=Китай принял первый груз санкционного российского СПГ перед визитом Путина к Си Цзиньпину | website=Русская служба The Moscow Times | date=30 August 2025 | url=https://www.moscowtimes.ru/2025/08/29/kitai-prinyal-pervii-gruz-sanktsionnogo-rossiiskogo-spg-pered-vizitom-putina-k-si-tszinpinu-a173066 | language=ru | access-date=30 August 2025}}</ref> In April 2026, Putin said Russia's GDP shrank by a combined 1.8% in January and February; according to ''[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]'', Russian officials warned Putin earlier in the year about a possible financial crisis due to "spiraling" inflation.<ref name="t539">{{cite web | last=Ma | first=Jason | title=Putin finally admits Russia's economy is in trouble and grasps for answers, after warnings about a financial crisis have been piling up | website=Fortune | date=18 April 2026 | url=https://fortune.com/2026/04/18/russia-economy-contraction-vladimir-putin-financial-crisis-warnings-iran-ukraine-war-drones-oil-exports/ | access-date=22 April 2026}}</ref>

A price cap was placed on Russian oil by the [[G7]] in December 2022.<ref name="EI">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Meredith |first=Sam |date=3 February 2023 |title=Europe is set to ramp up its oil war against Russia — and markets are bracing for more disruption |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/03/europe-is-set-to-ramp-up-its-oil-war-against-russia-with-products-ban.html |access-date=10 May 2024 |work=CNBC |type=Digital}}</ref> The US banned all imports of Russian oil in March 2022.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Bussewitz |first1=Cathy |last2=Daly |first2=Matthew |date=8 March 2022 |title=EXPLAINER: What does a US ban on Russian oil accomplish? |url=https://apnews.com/article/us-russian-oil-ban-what-does-it-mean-731f748450c38fc34353d96aea6897fe |access-date=11 May 2024 |work=Associated Press |type=Digital}}</ref> The EU placed an embargo on oil products from Russia in February 2023.<ref name="EI"/> Other countries that embargoed Russian oil included [[Five Eyes]] partners Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Goldman |first=David |date=24 March 2022 |title=Gas rationing, food vouchers and hunger: Economic pain from Russia's war is getting real |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/business/article/gas-rationing-food-vouchers-and-hunger-economic-pain-from-russias-war-is-getting-real/ |access-date=2 June 2024 |work=[[CTV News Channel (Canadian TV channel)|CTV News]] |agency=CNN}}</ref>

== Peace efforts ==
{{Main|Peace negotiations in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}

[[File:CUMBRE POR LA PAZ EN UCRANIA. ZÚRICH-SUIZA, 16 DE JUNIO DE 2024 - 1.jpg|thumb|Attendees at the [[June 2024 Ukraine peace summit]]]]
Peace negotiations between Russia and Ukraine took place on {{nobr|28 February}}, {{nobr|3 March}}, and {{nobr|7 March 2022}} in Belarus. Further talks were held on 10 March and 14 March in Turkey.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Hopkins |first=Valerie |date=28 February 2022 |title=Initial talks between Russia and Ukraine yield no resolution. |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/28/world/europe/ukraine-russia-talks-belarus.html |url-status=live |access-date=16 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314231723/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/28/world/europe/ukraine-russia-talks-belarus.html |archive-date=14 March 2022 |issn=0362-4331}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Reevell |first1=Patrick |last2=Hutchinson |first2=Bill |date=2 March 2022 |title=2nd round of talks between Russia and Ukraine end with no cease-fire |work=ABC News |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/2nd-round-talks-russia-ukraine-end-cease-fire/story?id=83226054 |url-status=live |access-date=15 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314224621/https://abcnews.go.com/International/2nd-round-talks-russia-ukraine-end-cease-fire/story?id=83226054 |archive-date=14 March 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|date=7 March 2022 |title=Ukraine and Russia hold third round of talks |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] |agency=[[Reuters]], [[Agence France-Presse]], [[Deutsche Presse-Agentur]] |url=https://www.dw.com/en/ukraine-and-russia-hold-third-round-of-talks/a-61039008 |url-status=live |access-date=15 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314110854/https://www.dw.com/en/ukraine-and-russia-hold-third-round-of-talks/a-61039008 |archive-date=14 March 2022}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Roshchina |first=Olena |date=28 February 2022 |script-title=uk:Переговори делегацій України та Росії почалися |language=uk |trans-title=Negotiations between the delegations of Ukraine and Russia began |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2022/02/28/7326809/ |url-status=live |access-date=7 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314012254/https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2022/02/28/7326809/ |archive-date=14 March 2022 |script-work=uk:Українська правда |trans-work=[[Ukrainska Pravda]] |script-quote=uk:Деталі: Переговори відбуваються на Гомельщині на березі річки Прип'ять. Із міркувань безпеки точне місце організатори переговорів не називають. |trans-quote=Details: Negotiations are taking place in the Gomel region on the banks of the Pripyat River. For security reasons, the organisers of the talks did not name the exact location.}}</ref> [[Peace negotiations in the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)#Istanbul peace talks|Peace negotiations in Istanbul]], Turkey, began on 29 March 2022 and ended without agreement.

[[File:Map of Ukraine, with Russian-occupied regions highlighted.svg|thumb|Putin has demanded international recognition of the [[Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts|annexed provinces]] (pictured) as Russian, despite only controlling parts of them.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=5 January 2023 |title=Putin Signals Readiness for Peace Talks if Kyiv Cedes Occupied Regions |work=The Moscow Times |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2023/01/05/putin-signals-readiness-for-peace-talks-if-kyiv-cedes-occupied-regions-a79877}}</ref>]]
Since 2024, Ukraine's main peace terms are that Russia withdraw its troops; that Ukrainian prisoners be released; Russian leaders be prosecuted for [[War crimes in the Russian invasion of Ukraine|war crimes]]; and Ukraine be given security guarantees to prevent further aggression. Russia's main terms are that Russia must keep [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|all the land it occupies]], that it be given all of the [[Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts|provinces that it claims]] but does not fully control, that Ukraine end plans to join NATO, and that sanctions against Russia be lifted.<ref name="Putin terms">{{#invoke:cite|news|first=Henri |last=Astier|title=Putin lays out his terms for ceasefire in Ukraine |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c033eyyr20do |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=14 June 2024}} {{#invoke:cite|news|title=Vladimir Putin issues fresh demands to Ukraine to end war |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jun/14/vladimir-putin-issues-fresh-demands-to-ukraine-to-end-war |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=14 June 2024}} {{#invoke:cite|news|title=Putin states Ukrainian Armed Forces must withdraw from 4 Ukrainian oblasts to begin peace talks |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/06/14/7460781/ |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=[[Ukrainska Pravda]] |date=14 June 2024}}</ref> According to Western analysts, allowing Russia to keep the land it seized would "[[right of conquest|reward the aggressor]] while punishing the victim" and set a dangerous precedent.<ref name="Chatham end">{{#invoke:cite|web|title=How to end Russia's war on Ukraine |url=https://www.chathamhouse.org/2023/06/how-end-russias-war-ukraine |publisher=[[Chatham House]] |date=3 October 2023}}</ref> They predicted this would encourage Russia "to continue its [[Russian neo-imperialism|imperialist]] campaign of expansionism," and embolden other expansionist regimes.<ref name="Chatham end"/><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Global Perspectives on Ending the Russia-Ukraine War |url=https://www.cfr.org/councilofcouncils/global-memos/global-perspectives-ending-russia-ukraine-war |website=Council of Councils |publisher=[[Council on Foreign Relations]] |date=21 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Karatnycky |first1=Adrian |title=What a Russian Victory Would Mean for Ukraine |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2023/12/19/ukraine-russia-war-stalemate-victory-congress-military-aid/ |website=[[Foreign Policy]] |date=19 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last1=Danylyuk |first1=Oleksandr |title=What Ukraine's Defeat Would Mean for the US, Europe and the World |url=https://rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/what-ukraines-defeat-would-mean-us-europe-and-world |website=[[Royal United Services Institute]] |date=24 January 2024}}</ref>

After [[Donald Trump]] became US president in 2025, there was a major shift in US policy. The Trump administration began [[February 2025 United States–Russia meeting in Saudi Arabia|negotiations with Russia]] and separately with Ukraine. In February 2025, the US twice sided with Russia in UN resolutions, opposing a European-drafted resolution condemning Russia's actions and supporting the territorial integrity of Ukraine and then drafting and voting for a UN Security Council resolution calling for the end of the conflict but containing no criticism of Russia.<ref name="u697">{{#invoke:cite|web| last=Landale | first=James | title=US sides with Russia in UN resolutions on invasion of Ukraine | website=BBC Home | date=25 February 2025 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c7435pnle0go | access-date=9 July 2025}}</ref>

Since March 2025, Ukraine has accepted a proposal for a 30-day unconditional [[ceasefire]], which is supported by the US and European allies.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ravid |first=Barak |date=11 March 2025 |title=Ukraine backs U.S. proposal for 30-day ceasefire with Russia |url=https://www.axios.com/2025/03/11/ukraine-russia-ceasefire-30-days |access-date=11 March 2025 |website=[[Axios (website)|Axios]] |language=en}}</ref> Russia has rejected calls for a ceasefire.<ref>{{cite news |title=Putin questions Ukraine ceasefire plan and sets out string of conditions |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2025/mar/13/russia-wary-of-proposed-ukraine-ceasefire-plan-as-us-talks-begin |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=13 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Russian drones attack Ukraine after Kremlin rejects 30-day ceasefire proposal |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/russian-drones-attack-ukraine-after-kremlin-rejects-30-day-ceasefire-proposal |work=[[PBS News]] |date=12 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Trump says he did not want 'wasted meeting' after plan for Putin talks shelved |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c4gjp73gp41o |work=[[BBC News]] |date=21 October 2025}}</ref> In November 2025, Trump adopted a [[U.S. peace plan for Ukraine|28-point peace plan]], interpreted as broadly pro-Russian,<ref name="e610">{{cite web | last=Brennan | first=David | title=Trump-Putin Alaska summit looms large in Kremlin's Ukraine negotiating strategy | website=ABC News | date=16 December 2025 | url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/trump-putin-alaska-summit-looms-large-kremlins-ukraine/story?id=128244821 | access-date=26 December 2025}}</ref><ref name="l915">{{cite web | last=Menon | first=Rajan | title=Trump's 'peace plan' was a pro-Kremlin abomination whose failure is a glimmer of hope for Ukraine | website=The Guardian | date=24 November 2025 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/nov/24/donald-trump-peace-plan-kremlin-ukraine | access-date=26 December 2025}}</ref> and, according to ''[[The Insider (website)|The Insider]]'', at its core a recycled Russian document substantially written by [[Kirill Dmitriev]], a Kremlin operative.<ref name="j465">{{cite web | last1=Grozev | first1=Christo | last2=Weiss | first2=Michael | title=Made in Moscow: The "U.S. peace plan" for Ukraine was substantially formulated months ago by Kremlin operative Kirill Dmitriev | website=The Insider | date=26 November 2025 | url=https://theins.ru/en/politics/287159 | language=ru | access-date=26 December 2025}}</ref> Ukraine, European allies and the US then produced revised versions. These were rejected by the Russians.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Zadorozhnyy |first=Tim |date=11 February 2026 |title=Russia effectively dismisses US-Ukraine peace framework, says it contradicts 'real' American plan |url=https://kyivindependent.com/russia-effectively-dismisses-us-ukraine-peace-framework/ |work=The Kyiv Independent}}</ref>

== International reactions ==
{{Main|Reactions to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine}}

{{see also|Protests against the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)}}
[[File:United Nations General Assembly resolution ES-11 L.1 vote.svg|thumb|[[United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1|UN General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1]] vote on 2 March 2022 condemning the invasion of Ukraine and demanding a complete withdrawal of Russian troops {{legend|#74C365|In favour}}{{legend|#ab4e52|Against}}{{legend|#FADA5E|Abstained}}{{legend|#89CFF0|Absent}}{{legend|#C0C0C0|Non-member}}]]
The invasion received widespread international condemnation from [[Government and intergovernmental reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine|governments and intergovernmental organisations]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Bellinger |first=John B. III |date=28 February 2022 |title=How Russia's Invasion of Ukraine Violates International Law |url=https://www.cfr.org/article/how-russias-invasion-ukraine-violates-international-law |access-date=26 January 2023 |website=Council on Foreign Relations}}</ref> In March 2022 and February 2023, 141 [[Member states of the United Nations|member states]] of the [[UN General Assembly]] voted for a resolution that Russia should immediately withdraw. Seven, including Russia, opposed.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=23 February 2023 |title=Ukraine war: UN condemns Russian invasion ahead of anniversary |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64748349 |access-date=24 February 2023 |publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Political reactions to the invasion included [[International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War|new sanctions on Russia]], which triggered [[Economic impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine|widespread effects on the Russian and world economies]].<ref name="Sanctions slams Russian economy">{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Chernova |first1=Anna |last2=Cotovio |first2=Vasco |last3=Thompson |first3=Mark |date=28 February 2022 |title=Sanctions slams Russian economy |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/02/28/business/russia-ruble-banks-sanctions/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228085645/https://edition.cnn.com/2022/02/28/business/russia-ruble-banks-sanctions/index.html |archive-date=28 February 2022 |access-date=28 May 2022 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> As of July 2025, the EU had adopted 18 packages of sanctions against Russia and Belarus.<ref name=EU18sanctions>{{#invoke:cite|web|author= |date= 18 July 2025|title= Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine: EU adopts 18th package of economic and individual measures|url= https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2025/07/18/russia-s-war-of-aggression-against-ukraine-eu-adopts-18th-package-of-economic-and-individual-measures/|publisher= [[Council of the EU]]|access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref> Sanctions forced Russia to reorient its oil exports, rely more on [[Liquefied natural gas|LNG]] (which was not subject to EU sanctions), and shift its coal exports from Europe to Asia.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|journal|last1=Overland |first1=Indra |last2=Loginova |first2=Julia |date=1 August 2023 |title=The Russian coal industry in an uncertain world: Finally pivoting to Asia? |journal=Energy Research & Social Science |volume=102 |article-number=103150 |bibcode=2023ERSS..10203150O |doi=10.1016/j.erss.2023.103150 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Most European countries cancelled nuclear cooperation with Russia.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|journal|last1=Szulecki |first1=Kacper |last2=Overland |first2=Indra |date=April 2023 |title=Russian nuclear energy diplomacy and its implications for energy security in the context of the war in Ukraine |journal=Nature Energy |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=413–421 |bibcode=2023NatEn...8..413S |doi=10.1038/s41560-023-01228-5 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free |hdl=11250/3106595}}</ref>

Over 70 countries and the EU delivered [[List of humanitarian aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War|humanitarian aid]] to Ukraine, and nearly 50 countries plus the EU provided [[List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War|military aid]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|date=15 June 2023 |title=Ukraine war aid: Austin asks U.S. allies to 'dig deep' |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/us-defence-boss-austin-urges-allies-dig-deep-with-arms-ukraine-2023-06-15/ |website=Reuters}}</ref> Economic sanctions included bans on Russian aircraft using EU airspace,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=EU adopts new set of measures to respond to Russia's military aggression against Ukraine |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/02/28/eu-adopts-new-set-of-measures-to-respond-to-russia-s-military-aggression-against-ukraine/ |publisher=Europa (web portal)}}</ref> [[SWIFT ban against Russian banks|certain Russian banks from the SWIFT payments system]], and certain Russian media outlets.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=EU imposes sanctions on state-owned outlets RT/Russia Today and Sputnik's broadcasting in the EU |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/03/02/eu-imposes-sanctions-on-state-owned-outlets-rt-russia-today-and-sputnik-s-broadcasting-in-the-eu/ |publisher=Europa (web portal)}}</ref> Reactions to the invasion have included public and media responses, [[2022 Russia–Ukraine peace negotiations|peace efforts]], and the examination of the [[Legality of the Russian invasion of Ukraine|invasion's legality]].

Demonstrations were held worldwide.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Tambur |first=Silver |date=26 February 2022 |title=Pictures: 30,000 people protest in Tallinn against the Russian invasion of Ukraine |url=https://estonianworld.com/pictures/pictures-30000-people-protest-in-tallinn-against-the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine/ |publisher=Estonian world}}</ref> Calls for [[2022 boycott of Russia and Belarus|a boycott of Russian goods]] spread on social media,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Brooks |first=Hannah |date=2 May 2022 |title=Putin invaded Ukraine. But Russian immigrants are paying the price |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/putin-ukraine-russia-war-russian-immigrants-paying-price-rcna26971 |publisher=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> while hackers attacked Russian websites.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Srivastava |first=Mehul |date=6 May 2022 |title=Russia pummelled by pro-Ukrainian hackers following invasion |url=https://www.ft.com/content/3391bf8c-e431-415c-b7c5-9eeee08b3374 |work=[[Financial Times]]}}</ref> [[Anti-Russian sentiment]] against Russians living abroad surged.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Beardsworth |first=James |date=4 March 2022 |title=Russians Abroad: Blamed for a Regime They Sought to Escape |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/03/04/russians-abroad-blamed-for-a-regime-they-sought-to-escape-a76762 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306231213/https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/03/04/russians-abroad-blamed-for-a-regime-they-sought-to-escape-a76762 |archive-date=6 March 2022 |work=[[The Moscow Times]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last=Brooks |first=Hannah |date=3 May 2022 |title=Putin invaded Ukraine. But Russian immigrants are paying the price. |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/putin-ukraine-russia-war-russian-immigrants-paying-price-rcna26971 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607005052/https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/putin-ukraine-russia-war-russian-immigrants-paying-price-rcna26971 |archive-date=7 June 2022 |publisher=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> In March 2022, Russian president Putin introduced [[Russian 2022 war censorship laws|prison sentences of up to 15 years]] for publishing "fake news" about Russian military operations,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=11 March 2022 |title=Even Russia's Kremlin-backed media is going off message and beginning to question Putin's war on Ukraine |url=https://fortune.com/2022/03/11/russia-kremlin-backed-media-off-message-question-putin-war-ukraine-invasion/ |work=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]}}</ref> intended to suppress any criticism related to the war.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Weir |first1=Fred |date=5 December 2022 |title=In Russia, critiquing the Ukraine war could land you in prison |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Europe/2022/1205/In-Russia-critiquing-the-Ukraine-war-could-land-you-in-prison |work=[[Christian Science Monitor]]}}</ref>

Some countries, particularly in the [[Global North and Global South|Global South]], saw public sympathy or support for Russia, due in part to distrust of [[Foreign policy of the United States|US foreign policy]].<ref name="nyt-eligon">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Eligon |first=John |date=17 March 2022 |title=In Some Parts of the World, the War in Ukraine Seems Justified |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/17/world/war-russia-china-putin-support.html |access-date=19 March 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}
* {{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Holder |first1=Josh |last2=Leatherby |first2=Lauren |last3=Troianovski |first3=Anton |last4=Cai |first4=Weiyi |date=23 February 2023 |title=The West Tried to Isolate Russia. It Didn't Work. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/02/23/world/russia-ukraine-geopolitics.html |access-date=30 July 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> According to the Economist Intelligence Unit, in 2023, 31% of the world's population lives in countries that are leaning towards or supportive of Russia, 30.7% live in neutral countries, and 36.2% live in countries that are against Russia in some way.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Garcia |first=Lucia |date=7 March 2023 |title=Russia's pockets of support are growing in the developing world |url=https://www.eiu.com/n/russias-pockets-of-support-are-growing-in-the-developing-world/ |access-date=7 July 2023 |website=[[Economist Intelligence Unit]]}}</ref>
Several parliaments passed resolutions declaring Russia to be a [[state sponsor of terrorism]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/european-lawmakers-declare-russia-state-sponsor-terrorism-2022-11-23/ |title=European Parliament declares Russia a state sponsor of terrorism |website=[[Reuters]] |date=23 November 2022 |access-date=13 December 2024 |archive-date=23 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123121114/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/european-lawmakers-declare-russia-state-sponsor-terrorism-2022-11-23/ |url-status=live}}</ref> By October 2022, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia had declared Russia a [[State terrorism|terrorist state]].<ref name="Fiedler 2022">{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Fiedler |first=Tristan |date=18 October 2022 |title=Estonian parliament declares Russia a terrorist state |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/as-the-third-country-to-estonia-declares-russia-a-terrorist-state/ |access-date=8 June 2023 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref> In August 2023, [[Iceland]] became the first European country to close its embassy in Russia as a result of the invasion.<ref name="Nova 2023 y784">{{#invoke:cite|web|date=1 August 2023 |title=Iceland is the first European country to close its embassy in Moscow |url=https://www.agenzianova.com/en/news/iceland-is-the-first-european-country-to-close-its-embassy-in-moscow/ |access-date=3 August 2023 |website=Agenzia Nova}}</ref>

The invasion prompted Ukraine,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Harding |first1=Luke |last2=Koshiw |first2=Isobel |date=30 September 2022 |title=Ukraine applies for Nato membership after Russia annexes territory |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/sep/30/ukraine-applies-for-nato-membership-after-russia-annexes-territory |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001025243/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/sep/30/ukraine-applies-for-nato-membership-after-russia-annexes-territory |archive-date=1 October 2022 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> [[Finland]], and [[Sweden]] to apply for NATO membership.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last1=Emmott |first1=Robin |last2=Straus |first2=Marine |date=18 May 2022 |title=Finland, Sweden apply to join NATO amid Turkish objections |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/finland-sweden-submit-application-join-nato-2022-05-18/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518070947/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/finland-sweden-submit-application-join-nato-2022-05-18/ |archive-date=18 May 2022 |work=[[Reuters]] |quote=Finland and Sweden formally applied to join the NATO alliance on Wednesday, a decision spurred by Russia's invasion of Ukraine}}</ref> Finland became a member in 2023,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|first1=Paul |last1=Kirby|first2=Jonathan |last2=Beale|date=4 April 2023 |title=Nato's border with Russia doubles as Finland joins |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-65173043 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405214936/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-65173043 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |agency=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> and Sweden in 2024.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Erlanger |first=Steven |date=7 March 2024 |title=Sweden Officially Enters NATO Alliance, a Strategic Blow to Moscow |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/07/world/europe/sweden-nato-neutrality.html |access-date=7 March 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>

== See also ==

{{#invoke:Portal|portal|2020s|Current events|Europe|Politics|Russia|Ukraine}}

* {{annotated link|2020s in military history}}
* [[Democracy in Europe]]
* [[Elections in Russia]]
* [[Elections in Ukraine]]
* [[List of armed conflicts between Russia and Ukraine]]
* [[List of conflicts in Europe]]
* [[List of conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union]]
* {{annotated link|List of interstate wars since 1945}}
* [[List of invasions in the 21st century]]
* [[List of ongoing armed conflicts]]
* [[List of wars: 2020–present]]
* {{annotated link|Red lines in the Russo-Ukrainian war}}
* [[Russian emigration during the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)]]
* [[List of residential strikes during the Russian invasion (May 2022)]]

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=note}}
{{Notelist|30em}}

== References ==
<references/>

== Bibliography ==
* {{#invoke:cite|book|last=D'Anieri |first=Paul |date=31 October 2019 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gs6vDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1 |title=Ukraine and Russia: From Civilized Divorce to Uncivil War |edition=1st |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-1-108-48609-5 |via=[[Google Books]] |ref=none}}
* {{#invoke:cite|book|last=Wallensteen |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Wallensteen |year=2023 |title=Understanding Conflict Resolution |publisher=[[Sage Publishing|SAGE]] |oclc=1370602224 |location=Los Angeles |isbn=978-1-5296-1320-9}}

== External links ==
{{#invoke:Sister project links|main|auto=yes|d=Q110999040|m=yes}}
* [https://unric.org/en/the-un-and-the-war-in-ukraine-key-information/ The UN and the war in Ukraine] at the [[United Nations]]
* [https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/documents-publications/library/library-blog/posts/think-tank-reports-on-the-invasion-of-ukraine/ Think Tank reports on the invasion of Ukraine] at the [[Council of the European Union]]
* [https://news.google.com/topics/CAAqLAgKIiZDQkFTRmdvTkwyY3ZNVEZ5Y0dSaWNXcDZjeElGWlc0dFIwSW9BQVAB Russian invasion of Ukraine] at [[Google News]]
* [https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/ukraine-conflict-updates Ukraine conflict updates] at the [[Institute for the Study of War]]
* [https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/36a7f6a6f5a9448496de641cf64bd375 Interactive Map: Russia's Invasion of Ukraine] at the [[Institute for the Study of War]]
* [https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/733fe90805894bfc8562d90b106aa895 Interactive Time-lapse: Russia's War in Ukraine] at the [[Institute for the Study of War]]
*{{#invoke:cite|web|url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/russias-battlefield-woes-ukraine|title=Russia's Battlefield Woes in Ukraine|first1=Seth |last1=G. Jones|first2=Riley|last2=McCabe|publisher=CSIS|date=3 June 2025|access-date=18 June 2025}}

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Rewa District

2026-09-07T05:10:40Z

Simba: Redirected page to Rewa district

#redirect [[Rewa district]]

List of flash floods

2026-08-27T07:25:28Z

Simba: New list

{{Short description|None}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}
This list of notable [[flash flood]]s summarizes the most widely reported events.

{| class="wikitable sortable "
!scope="col"| Date
!scope="col"| Fatalities
!scope="col"| Cause
!scope="col"| Country
!scope="col" class="unsortable"| Description
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1864|03|11|format=dmy}}
| 240
| dam failure
| [[England]]
| [[Great Sheffield Flood]], [[Sheffield]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1889|05|31|format=dmy}}
| 2208
| dam failure
| [[US]]
| [[Johnstown Flood]] Johnstown, Pennsylvania, Most fatalities from a flash flood in US history.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1891|09|11|format=dmy}}
| 359
| heavy rain
| [[Spain]]
| [[Consuegra]], [[Castilla-La Mancha]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1903|06|14|format=dmy}}
| 247
| thunderstorm
| US
| [[Heppner Flood of 1903]], [[Oregon]], Second-deadliest flash flood in the United States; kills almost a quarter of the town's residents.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1912|07|11|format=dmy}}
| 8
| thunderstorm
| US
| [[Mazuma, Nevada|Mazuma]], Nevada, Postmistress among the dead. Relief efforts include a fund set up by [[William Randolph Hearst]].
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1919|01|15|format=dmy}}
| 21
| dam failure
| US
| [[Great Molasses Flood]], Boston, {{convert|8|to|15|ft|m|adj=on}} wall of molasses from a collapsed distillation storage tank moves through the streets at {{convert|35|mph|km/h}} killing 21, injuring 150
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1929|3|20|format=dmy}}
| 1
| heavy rain
| [[New Zealand]]
| [[1929 New Zealand cyclone]], [[Otago]] and [[Canterbury Region|Canterbury]], New Zealand. Flooding in many parts of the South Island, especially around the city of [[Dunedin]], where {{convert|139|mm|in}} of rain falls in 24 hours. A railway worker dies in a washout on the line between Dunedin and [[Ranfurly, New Zealand|Ranfurly]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1938|2|19|format=dmy}}
| 21
| thunderstorm
| New Zealand
| [[Kopuawhara flash flood of 1938]], [[Māhia Peninsula]], New Zealand: a temporary camp for rail workers next to a river is hit by a {{convert|5|m|ft|adj=on}} high wall of water<ref>{{cite web | url = https://nzhistory.govt.nz/timeline/19/02 | title = 19 February | work = Today in History | publisher = New Zealand History | access-date = 23 October 2012}}</ref> already swollen by heavy rain associated with [[Typhoon Haikui]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://christchurchcitylibraries.com/Kids/NZDisasters/Kopuawhara.asp | title = Floods: Kopuawhara | work = New Zealand Disasters | publisher = Christchurch City Libraries | accessdate = 23 October 2012}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1952|8|15|format=dmy}}
| 34
| heavy rain
| England
| [[Lynmouth Flood]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1953|1|31|format=dmy}}
| 2394
| heavy storm
| [[The Netherlands]], [[Belgium]], England, [[Scotland]]
| [[North Sea flood of 1953]], a combination of a high spring tide and a severe European windstorm over the North Sea causes a storm tide. As a result, the Dutch [[Delta Works]] are authorized, an elaborate project to enable emergency closing of the mouths of most estuaries, to prevent flood surges upriver.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1965|6|17|format=dmy}}
| 0
| heavy rain
| US
| [[1965 Philmont Scout Ranch flash flood]], [[Philmont Scout Ranch]], [[New Mexico]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1967|11|25|format=dmy}}
| 464
| heavy rain
| [[Portugal]]
| {{convert|115|to|129|mm|inch}} rain in 5 hours at up to {{convert|30|mm|inch}} per hour near Lisbon, Portugal<ref name="embleton">{{cite book
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=NxI7k1fsVfIC&pg=PA404
| title = Geomorphological hazards of Europe
| author = Clifford Embleton
| author-link1 = Clifford Embleton
|author2=Christine Embleton-Hamann
| year = 1997
| isbn = 978-0-444-88824-2
| page = 404
| publisher = Elsevier
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1971|1|4|format=dmy}}
| 32
| monsoon
| [[Malaysia]]
| [[1971 Kuala Lumpur floods|Kuala Lumpur floods]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1972|6|9|format=dmy}}
| 238
| dam failure
| US
| [[Black Hills flood]], South Dakota, {{convert|15|in|cm}} in 6 hours
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1976|7|31|format=dmy}}
| 143
| thunderstorm
| US
| [[Big Thompson River#Big Thompson Canyon Flooding of 1976|Big Thompson River flood]], Colorado
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1979|8|11|format=dmy}}
| 1800–25,000
| dam failure
| [[India]]
| [[1979 Machchhu dam failure|Machchu-2 dam failed]] due to heavy upstream rain, washes out the town of Morbi and nearby villages of [[Gujarat]], India. Estimated deaths range from 1800 to 25,000 people. Considered worst flash flood of history.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1982|07|24|format=dmy}}
| 299
| heavy rain
| [[Japan]]
| maximum {{convert|187|mm|inch}} rainfall per an hour in [[Nagayo, Nagasaki]], floods, landslides, and bridge, house, buildings collapses occur simultaneously in the suburbs of [[Nagasaki]], [[Kyushu Island]], [[Japan]]<ref>[[:ja:長崎大水害]] (Japanese language edition). Retrieved 10 October 2019.</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1983|11|19|format=dmy}}
| 10
| heavy rain
| Portugal
| maximum rate of {{convert|24|mm|inch}} in 30 minutes near Lisbon, Portugal, with similar intensity of 1967 event; much lower fatalities due to lessons learned<ref name="embleton"/>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1987|7|16|format=dmy}}
| 10
| heavy rain
| US
| The [[Guadalupe River (Texas)|Guadalupe River]] floods in [[Texas Hill Country]] after a series of severe thunderstorms dumps {{convert|5|to|11.5|in|mm}} of rainfall in its headwaters basin. Hundreds of people had to be rescued; 10 teenagers at a summer camp lost their lives.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.weather.gov/ewx/wxevent-19870717 | title = 1987 Guadalupe River Flood | date = 2 Oct 2019 | publisher = NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX | access-date = 6 Jul 2025 | language = en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.kvue.com/article/news/history/guadalupe-river-flash-flood-teens-killed-1987-comfort-texas/269-e92dd375-b461-4ce7-8723-188a9de6a03a | title = Remembering the 1987 Guadalupe River flash flood that killed 10 after raging through a Hill Country summer camp | last = Garcia-Buckalew | first = Bob | date = 4 Jul 2025 | publisher = [[KVUE]] | access-date = 6 Jul 2025 | language = en}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1990|6|14|format=dmy}}
| 26
| heavy rain
| US
| [[Shadyside, Ohio#1990 flood|Shadyside]], Ohio<ref>{{cite report | title=Shadyside, Ohio Floods of 1990 | publisher=[[NOAA]] | url=http://www.nws.noaa.gov/er/iln/shadyside.html |accessdate=30 May 2011}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1990|6|16|format=dmy}}
| 4
| thunderstorm
| US
| [[Davenport, Iowa#Climate|Duck Creek Floods of 1990]] near Davenport, Iowa,<ref>{{cite web|title=Flood Facts |publisher=QC Memory |url=http://www.qcmemory.org/Page/Flood_Facts.aspx?nt=266 |accessdate=16 April 2009 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525192404/http://www.qcmemory.org/Page/Flood_Facts.aspx?nt=266 |archivedate=25 May 2011 }}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1997|8|12|format=dmy}}
| 11
| thunderstorm
| US
| [[Antelope Canyon#Flash flood danger|Antelope Canyon]], Arizona
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1998|7|20|format=dmy}}
| 63
| heavy rain
| [[Slovakia]]
| [[Jarovnice]], Slovakia. Combination of heavy rain and collapse of dam formed by debris causes flood wave that inundates the unprotected Romani settlement.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|1998|10|18|format=dmy}}
| 31
| heavy rain
| US
| [[San Marcos, Texas|San Marcos]], Texas, rains totaling from {{convert|15|to|30|in|mm}}<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/FS-147-99/
| title = Floods in the Guadalupe and San Antonio River Basins in Texas, October 1998
| publisher = United States Geological Survey
| accessdate = 15 October 2011
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2000|09|11|format=dmy}}
| 10
| heavy rain
| Japan
|
According to Japan Meteorological Agency official confirmed report, a {{convert|100|mm|inch}} to {{convert|114|mm|inch}} principation per a single hour, total {{convert|428|mm|inch}} to {{convert|492|mm|inch}} principation per twelve hours, following flash floods in [[Nagoya]] and surrounding area, another 150 persons are wounded, [[Japanese government]] official confirmed report.<ref>[[:ja:東海豪雨]] (Japanese language edition). Retrieved 1 August 2021.</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2003|08|30|format=dmy}}
| 6
| heavy rain
| US
| [[Jacobs Creek Flood]], [[Kansas Turnpike]] near [[Emporia, Kansas|Emporia]], Kansas
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2004|8|16|format=dmy}}
| 0
| heavy rain
| England
| [[Boscastle flood, 2004|Boscastle flood]], Cornwall
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2006|8|6|format=dmy}}
| 350
| heavy rain
| [[Ethiopia]]
| Eastern Ethiopia, tens of thousands are displaced<ref name="eth"/><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.worldwatch.org/node/4591
| title = Ethiopia Hit by Flooding in North, South and East
| publisher = Worldwatch Institute
| date = 14 August 2006
| accessdate = 9 October 2011
| archive-date = 29 May 2017
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170529210539/http://www.worldwatch.org/node/4591
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2006|8|13|format=dmy}}
| 125
| heavy rain
| Ethiopia
| Southern Ethiopia, hundreds of thousands are displaced<ref name="eth">{{cite web
| url = https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4791813.stm
| title = Flash floods kill 125 in Ethiopia
| publisher = BBC
| date=14 August 2006
| access-date = 9 October 2011
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2007|7|3|format=dmy}}
| 64
|
| [[Sudan]]
| [[2007 Sudan floods|Sudan floods]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2007|11|2|format=dmy}}
| 0
| heavy rain
| US
| Mount Rainier National Park, Washington<ref>{{cite web | url = https://home.nps.gov/mora/learn/news/november-2006-flooding.htm | title = November 2006 Flooding | publisher = NPS | access-date = 8 January 2008}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2008|6|12|format=dmy}}
| 0
| thunderstorm
| US
| The 12–13 June 2008 floods around Duck Creek in [[Davenport, Iowa|Davenport]], Iowa<ref>{{cite web
| url=http://www.qconline.com/archives/qco/display.php?id=391015
| title=Duck Creek Flooding Closes Davenport Streets
| date=22 May 2008
| publisher=Quad Cities Online
| accessdate=9 October 2011
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2009|8|4|format=dmy}}
| 0
| thunderstorm
| US
| The [[2009 Kentuckiana Flash Flood]] results from {{convert|3|to|6|in|mm}} of rain falling in less than an hour near Louisville, Kentucky
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2009|9|9|format=dmy}}
| 31
| heavy rain
| [[Turkey]]
| [[2009 Turkish flash floods|Turkish flash floods]].
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2009|9|19|format=dmy}}
| 10
| heavy rain
| US
| [[2009 Southeastern United States floods]] included flash flooding around Atlanta, Georgia<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.nws.noaa.gov/os/assessments/pdfs/se_floods10.pdf
| title = Southeast United States Floods, September 18–23, 2009
| publisher = U.S. National Weather Service
| date = May 2010
| accessdate = 20 March 2012
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2009|9|26|format=dmy}}
| 100
| tropical storm
| [[Philippines]]
| Metro Manila, primarily Marikina, Taguig, and Pasig; and several municipalities in the provinces of Rizal, Bulacan, and Laguna, taking more than a hundred lives and leaving thousands of affected residents homeless. It also submerges several municipalities under feet deep of water for several weeks. It is caused by [[Typhoon Ketsana]].
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2009|10|01|format=dmy}}
| 37
|heavy rain
| [[Italy]]
| Giampilieri, Messina, Sicily. See Also [[2009 Messina floods and mudslides]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2009|10|10|format=dmy}}
|
|
| Philippines
| 10–13 October in Northern Luzon causing major landslides in the [[Cordillera Central (Luzon)|Cordillera Mountains]], and submerging 80% of the province of Pangasinan.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2009|10|format=dmy}}
| 0
| heavy rain
| US
| In late October, a rainy [[nor'easter]] causes several flash floods in Southeast [[Virginia]] and injures over 100 people.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2009|11|25|format=dmy}}
| 122
| heavy rain
| [[Saudi Arabia]]
| More than 122 people die in flash floods that sweep away highways and neighborhoods in the city of [[Jeddah, Saudi Arabia]], caused by heavy rains.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Saudi King Abdullah charges officials over 122 deaths in floods|url=https://worldbulletin.dunyabulteni.net/asia-pacific/saudi-king-abdullah-charges-officials-over-122-deaths-in-floods-h58316.html|access-date=22 April 2021 |website=worldbulletin.dunyabulteni.net |language=tr}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2010|2|20|format=dmy}}
| 42
| heavy rain
| Portugal
| [[2010 Madeira floods and mudslides]]: {{convert|108|to|165|mm|in}} of rain fell in 5 hours, much more than the monthly February average of {{convert|88|mm|in}}. 51 people die, 250 are injured, and at least eight people are missing.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2010|4|format=dmy}}
|
|
| US
| April–May: The great Nashville, Tennessee, flood. Water in the Cumberland river rose, flooding downtown Nashville and surrounding areas.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2010|6|11|format=dmy}}
| 20
| heavy rain
| US
| The Little Missouri River risse over {{Convert|20|ft}} in only a few hours, [[2010 Arkansas floods]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2010|7|24|format=dmy}}
| 0
| dam failure
| US
| [[Delhi Dam]] on Iowa's Maquoketa River breaches after {{convert|9|in|mm}} of rainfall. 8,000 people evacuate and {{Convert|15|ft|abbr=on}} chunks of highway break off and are swept down river. Contributed to flooding the Mississippi River in [[Davenport, Iowa|Davenport]], Iowa.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2010|7|format=dmy}}
| 1400
| monsoon
| Pakistan
| Mid–July till mid-August, Pakistan's three provinces are badly affected during the monsoon rains when dams, rivers and lakes overflow, killing at least 1400 people and affecting 3.5 million people.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2010|8|6|format=dmy}}
| 180
| cloud burst
| India
| Leh, India. More than 180 people are reported to have died with 400 missing and 300 injured due to flash floods, caused probably due to cloud burst. Injured and stranded public are airlifted by Indian army.<ref>[http://www.worldsnap.com/news/national/at-least-115-killed-in-leh-by-cloudburst-relief-work-on-87968.html Cloudburst In The Leh]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} WorldSnap</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2010|10|4|format=dmy}}
| 7
| chemical plant accident
| [[Hungary]]
| Flood caused by the [[Ajka alumina plant accident]] in western Hungary<ref>{{Cite web
| title = Red mud spill in Veszprém County
| url = http://index.hu/belfold/2010/10/04/iszapomles_veszprem_megyeben/
| publisher = index.hu
| date = 5 October 2010
}}</ref> A dam wall collapses, freeing about one million cubic metres (35 million cubic feet) of highly alkaline liquid waste, called [[red mud]], from the Ajkai Timföldgyár alumina plant in [[Ajka]],<ref>{{cite news
| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/hungary/8043969/Hungary-threatened-by-ecological-catastrophe-as-toxic-sludge-escapes-factory.html
| title=Hungary threatened by 'ecological catastrophe' as toxic sludge escapes factory
| date=5 October 2010
| newspaper=Telegraph (UK)
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news
| url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna39503888
| title=Red sludge floods towns in Hungary
| agency=Associated Press
| date=4 October 2010
}}</ref> [[Veszprém County]]. The mud is released as a {{convert|1|-|2|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} wave, flooding several nearby localities, including the village of [[Kolontár]] and the town of [[Devecser]]. The flood kills seven persons and the high pH (~13) of the sludge burned several hundred people and devastated more than {{Convert|40|km2|abbr=on}} of ground in the basin of the [[Danube]] river.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2010|10|18|format=dmy}}
| 0
| heavy rain
| [[West Indies]]
| [[St. Lucia]], [[West Indies]]:<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.caribbean360.com/index.php/news/45129.html
| title = Red Cross responds to St Lucia floods
| publisher = Caribbean 360
| date = 18 October 2010
}}</ref> The flood displaces about 500 people and receives immediate assistance from local government and international organizations. No fatalities nor injuries are reported.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.ifrc.org/docs/appeals/10/MDRLC001dfr.pdf
| title = DREF operation final report
| publisher = International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
| date = 3 June 2011
| accessdate = 18 March 2013
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2011|07|27|format=d}} – {{dts|2011|07|28|format=dmy}}
| 1
| heavy rain
| US
| [[Dubuque County, Iowa|Dubuque County]], Iowa – [[Jo Daviess County, Illinois|Jo Daviess County]], Illinois<ref>[http://www.crh.noaa.gov/dvn/?n=event_072711_dubuqueflashflood Historic Heavy Rain and Flash Flooding in Dubuque and Jo Daviess Counties 07/27-07/28/2011]</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2011|1|11|format=dmy}}
| 35
| heavy rain
| [[Australia]]
| [[2010–2011 Queensland floods]], Australia<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/01/11/3110095.htm
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110112032111/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/01/11/3110095.htm
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 12 January 2011
| title = Toowoomba swamped by deadly 'inland tsunami'
| date = 11 January 2011
| publisher = Australian Broadcasting Corporation
| accessdate = 9 October 2011
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2012|7|7|format=dmy}}
| 172
| heavy rain
| [[Russia]]
| [[2012 Russian floods]] Krasnodarsky krai<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-18758895
| title = Russia floods: Putin orders inquiry over mass deaths
| date = 8 July 2012
| publisher = BBC
| accessdate = 8 July 2012
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2012|8|7|format=dmy}}
| 89
| monsoon
| Philippines
|[[2012 Philippine floods]] Monsoon enhanced by [[Typhoon Haikui]] brings torrential rain and floods to Metro Manila and nearby provinces<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/268631/news/nation/monsoon-enhanced-by-haikui-to-continue-bringing-heavy-rain-to-ncr-12-other-areas
| title = Monsoon enhanced by 'Haikui' to continue bringing heavy rain to NCR, 12 other areas
| date = 7 August 2012
| publisher = GMA News Network
| accessdate = 7 August 2012
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2013|4|1|format=dmy}}
| 101
| rain storm
| [[Argentina]]
| [[2013 Argentina floods]] For five hours, extremely heavy rainfall on northeastern section of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina results in several flash floods that claim the lives of at least 101 people. Greater La Plata is hardest hit with 91 reported deaths, and Greater Buenos Aires reports ten deaths. Is the worst flooding in La Plata's history.<ref>{{cite news
| url = http://www.buenosairesherald.com/article/127774/deadly-rains-flood-capital-greater-ba-
| title = Deadly rains flood capital, Greater [Buenos Aires]
| work = Buenos Aires Herald
| date = 3 April 2013
| accessdate = 25 April 2013
}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2013|11|17|format=dmy}}
| 18
|heavy rain
| Italy
| [[Cyclone Cleopatra]], Northeast Sardinia. See Also [[2013 Sardinia floods]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2014|04|29|format=d}} – {{dts|2014|04|30|format=dmy}}
| 2+
| heavy rain
| USA
| Alabama, Florida
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2014|6|7|format=dmy}}
| 73
| rain storm
| [[Afghanistan]]
| [[2014 Baghlan floods]] High rainfall contributes to the flash flood that destroyed hundreds of mud homes.<ref name="BBC">{{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-27745771#TWEET1150212 | title=Afghanistan flash flood kills dozens in Baghlan province | publisher=BBC | date=7 June 2014 | access-date=7 June 2014}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2014|9|7|format=dmy}}
| 300
| monsoon floods
| India, Pakistan
| Floods caused by five days of heavy rain kill 300 people.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/monsoon-floods-kill-nearly-300-in-india-pakistan-1.2758346 | title=Monsoon floods kill nearly 300 in India, Pakistan | publisher=[[CBC News]] | date=7 September 2014 | access-date=21 October 2025}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2015|06|27|format=dmy}}
| 1
| heavy rain
| US
| [[2015 Philmont Scout Ranch flash flood]], [[Philmont Scout Ranch]], [[New Mexico]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2015|07|07|format=dmy}}
| 0
| heavy rain
| US
| [[2015 Ghost Ranch flash flood]], [[Ghost Ranch]], [[New Mexico]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2015|09|14|format=dmy}}
| 21
| rain storms
| US
|[[2015 Utah floods]] Sudden downpours cause flash flooding of canyons in [[Hildale, Utah|Hildale]], Utah, and [[Zion National Park]], killing 21 people- 13 people in [[Hildale, Utah|Hildale]] and a group of 7 canyoners in [[Zion National Park]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Schaffer |first=Grayson |date=24 May 2016 |title=Special Report: the Keystone Seven |url=https://www.outsideonline.com/outdoor-adventure/exploration-survival/special-report-keyhole-seven/?scope=anon |magazine=Outside}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Reavy|first1=Pat|title=16, possibly 20 die in devastating southern Utah flash floods|url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865636814/10-bodies-recovered-in-Hildale-flash-flood-as-search-continues-for-3-more.html?pg=all|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918113021/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865636814/10-bodies-recovered-in-Hildale-flash-flood-as-search-continues-for-3-more.html?pg=all|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 September 2015|accessdate=16 September 2015|work=Deseret News|date=16 September 2015|location=Salt Lake City}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2015|10|25|format=dmy}}
|17+
|rain storms
| [[Egypt]]
|[[Alexandria]] and [[Nile Delta]] region of Northern Egypt. Strong rains on 25 October and 4 November cause flash flooding and result in the deaths of at least 17 people, including five electrocuted when a [[Trams in Alexandria|tram]] power line collapsed into a puddle.<ref>[https://watchers.news/2016/10/29/flood-egypt-october-2016/ Severe flash flooding hits Egypt, at least 17 dead]</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2015|11|05|format=dmy}}
|3
|rain storms
| [[Jordan]]
|Flash flooding occurs in the Jordanian capital Amman causing 3 deaths when a severe thunderstorm lasts over 30 minutes.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2016|07|30|format=dmy}}
|2
|heavy rain
| US
|[[2016 Maryland flood]] – A historic and deadly flash flood strikes [[Ellicott City, Maryland|Ellicott City]], Maryland due an estimated {{convert|6|in|cm}} of rain falling in the city within only two hours. It is said to have been a "1000-year flood" event by the [[National Weather Service|NWS]].
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2017|07|15|format=dmy}}
|10
|heavy rain, wildfire burn scar
| US
|[[2017 Payson flash floods]] A flash flood occurred at a popular [[swimming hole]] near [[Payson, Arizona|Payson]], [[Arizona]], the flood kills 10 members of an extended family.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2017|11|15|format=dmy}}
|24
|heavy rain
|[[Greece]]
|[[2017 West Attica floods]] Flash floods occur in the towns of [[Mandra]], [[Nea Peramos]] and [[Megara]], towards west of [[Athens]], due to heavy rain. 24 people die due to this disaster along with significant damage to property.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Toll from Greek floods rises to 23 as 2 new deaths reported|url = https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/toll-greek-floods-rises-22nd-body-found-mud-51403059|publisher = ABC News|location=United States|accessdate = 27 November 2017}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2018|04|26|format=dmy}}
| 10
| heavy rain
| [[Israel]]
| Heavy rainfall in the [[Negev]] desert causes a flash flood in the Tzafit canyon trapping a group of hikers and resulting in 10 fatalities.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Multiple-youth-feared-dead-in-southern-Israel-flash-floods-552823|title=9 YOUTH DEAD IN SOUTHERN ISRAEL FLASH FLOODS|access-date=26 April 2018|language=en}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2018|05|27|format=dmy}}
|1
|heavy rain
| US
|[[2018 Maryland flood]] Just two years after a [[2016 Maryland flood|historic and deadly flash flood]] struck the region, another heavy rain brings around {{Convert|8|in|cm}} in two hours to [[Elliccott City, Maryland|Elliccott City]], Maryland, resulting in a disaster that is assessed to be much worse than the previous one. This is the second "1000-year flood" event in two years.
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2018|07|04|format=dmy}}
|0
|heavy rain
| US
|Heavy rainfall causes flash flooding in [[Houston]], Texas, and the surrounding area, causing the cancellation of 4 July festivities.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://time.com/5330436/flash-floods-rain-out-fourth-of-july-festivities-in-houston/ |title=Flash Floods Rain Out Fourth of July Festivities in Houston|last=Calfas |first=Jennifer |date=4 July 2018 |magazine=TIME |access-date=7 July 2018}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2018|07|05|format=dmy}}
|0
|heavy rain
| US
|Heavy rainfall causes flash flooding in [[Canton, Ohio|Canton]], Ohio, and other parts of [[Stark County, Ohio|Stark County]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cantonrep.com/news/20180706/readers-share-photos-video-of-flash-flooding |title=Cameras capture the downpour that drenched Stark County late Thursday|last=Tipton |first=Stephen |date=6 July 2018 |website=Canton Rep |access-date=7 July 2018}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2018|08|21|format=dmy}}
|11
|heavy rain
| Italy
|A flash flood in a gorge in the southern [[Italy|Italian]] region of [[Calabria]] kills 11 hikers.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/8/21/italy-at-least-11-killed-by-flash-flood-in-calabria-gorge Italy: At least 11 killed by flash flood in Calabria gorge]</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2019|10|25|format=dmy}}
|10
|heavy rain
| Japan
|Heavy rainfall, total {{convert|60 to 120|mm|inch}} per an hour, and {{convert|160 to 280|mm|inch}} on twelve hours precipitation, and resulting to flash flooding, landslide around [[Boso Peninsula]], [[Chiba Prefecture]], [[Japan]].<ref>[[:ja:千葉県豪雨]] (Japanese language edition). Retrieved 31 October 2019.</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2021|07|20|format=dmy}}
|302 (50 missing)
|heavy rain
| [[China]]
|According to [[China Meteorological Administration]] official confirmed report, a heavy rain {{convert|617.1|mm|inch}} in the past three days by 20 July, including {{convert|201.9|mm|inch}}, per a single hour in [[Zhengzhou]], [[Henan Province]], [[China]]. According to [[Chinese government]] official confirmed report, flood sweeps away many persons and vehicles are stuck in downtown area, and part section of [[Line 5 (Zhengzhou Metro)|Zhengzhou Subway Line 5]] also damaged, and flash flooding hits neighborhooud [[Kaifeng]], [[Luohe]], [[Xinxiang]], total government and economic damaged on 90.98 billion [[renminbi]] (14.08 billion [[United States dollar|US dollars]]).{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2021|08|12|format=dmy}}
|21 (4 missing)
|heavy rain
| China
|According to China Meteorological Administration official confirmed report, a heavy rain {{convert|459|mm|inch}} to {{convert|519|mm|inch}} past 18 hours by 12 August in [[Suizhou]], [[Yicheng, Hubei|Yicheng]], [[Liulin]], [[Hubei Province]], [[China]]. including {{convert|117.9|mm|inch}}, per a single hour in Liulin. According to [[Chinese government]] official confirmed report, flood sweeps away many persons and vehicles are stuck in a wide area.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2021|08|18|format=dmy}}
|0
|heavy rain
| Sweden
|In [[Gävle]], [[Sweden]], 161.6 mm of rain was measured by an automatic weather station during a period of 24 hours within the area, 101 mm of which falls in just 2 hours<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.smhi.se/bloggar/vaderleken-2-3336/rekordstora-dygnsnederbordsmangder-1.174558 | title=Rekordstora dygnsnederbördsmängder | SMHI }}</ref> resulting in considerable flooding within multiple counties, including Gävleborg County & Dalarnas county. Entire neighborhoods were flooded, landslides occurred & vehicles were submerged into the waters<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.expressen.se/nyheter/allmanheten-varnas-for-stora-oversvamningar-i-gavle/ | title=Larmen om översvämningen hinns inte med – polisen: Åk inte hit | date=18 August 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bt.dk/udland/lige-nu-vilde-billeder-fra-sverige | title=LIGE NU: Vilde billeder fra Sverige | date=18 August 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi?lang=en_0&lastquery=15132437108 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221110152444/https://eswd.eu/cgi-bin/eswd.cgi?lang=en_0&lastquery=15132437108 | archive-date=10 November 2022 | title=European Severe Weather Database }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.svt.se/nyheter/lokalt/gavleborg/stora-oversvamningar-allmanheten-varnas | title=Kraftiga skyfall och stora översvämningar i Gävle | newspaper=SVT Nyheter | date=18 August 2021 | last1=Nyheter | first1=S. V. T. }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkUHzIElD1I | title=GÄVLE: Kraftiga översvämningar • Bilar fast i vattnet • Skolan inställd | date=18 August 2021 | via=YouTube }}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2022|07|26|format=dmy}}
|1
|heavy rain
| US
|{{convert|12.86|in|mm}} is reported in a span of 5 hours in [[2022 Missouri floods|26 July 2022]] in [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]].{{citation needed|date=July 2022}}
|-
! {{dts|2022|07|27|format=d}} – {{dts|2022|07|28|format=dmy}}
|39
|heavy rain
| US
|Extremely heavy rain falls over portions of [[Eastern Kentucky]] and surrounding areas between [[2022 Appalachian floods|27 July and 28 July 2022]]. Some areas report up to {{convert|10|inch|mm}} of rain in less than 12 hours.
|-
! scope="row" | {{dts|2022|08|21|format=d}} – {{dts|2022|08|22|format=dmy}}
|1
|heavy rain
| US
|[[2022 Dallas floods]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2023|01|27|format=dmy}}
|4
|heavy rain
| New Zealand
|[[2023 Auckland Anniversary Weekend floods]]. NIWA reports a record breaking 260.6 millimeters (10 in) falls across the city of [[Auckland]], New Zealand in a span of 8 hours, landslides destroy homes, over $10 million worth of high-end luxury vehicles are severely damaged.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Zealand weather: Four dead after record rainfall causes flooding and landslides |url=https://news.sky.com/story/new-zealand-weather-four-dead-after-record-rainfall-causes-flooding-and-landslides-12798314 |access-date=2023-01-30 |publisher=Sky News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=New Zealand – State of Emergency as Record Rain Causes Flood Havoc in Auckland – FloodList |url=https://floodlist.com/australia/new-zealand-floods-auckland-record-rain-january-2023 |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=floodlist.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Up to $10m worth of luxury cars 'written off' |url=https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/auckland/auckland-flood-up-to-10m-worth-of-luxury-cars-written-off-as-north-shore-dealership-flooded/ |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=Newstalk ZB |language=en-nz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-01-29 |title=Auckland flooding: death toll rises as New Zealand hit with more heavy rain and landslides |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jan/29/auckland-flooding-death-toll-rises-as-new-zealand-hit-with-more-heavy-rain-and-landslides |access-date=2023-01-30 |agency=Reuters|website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{dts|2023|04|12|format=d}} – {{dts|2023|04|13|format=dmy}}
|0
|heavy rain
| US
|[[2023 Fort Lauderdale floods]]. On 12 April 2023, a historic flash flood event occurs in [[Fort Lauderdale, Florida|Fort Lauderdale]], Florida, and surrounding areas. The Fort Lauderdale area reports 25.6 inches (65 cm) of rain within approximately 12 hours.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ortiz |first=John Bacon and Jorge L. |title='Once in every 1,000-2,000 years': Storm swamps Fort Lauderdale with 25 inches of rain. Live updates |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2023/04/13/fort-lauderdale-flood-airport-live-updates/11655448002/ |access-date=2023-04-14 |website=USA Today |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | {{dts|2023|07|21|format=d}} – {{dts|2023|07|22|format=dmy}}
|3 (1 missing)
|heavy rain
| [[Canada]]
|[[2023 Nova Scotia floods]]
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2024|10|29|format=dmy}}
|238+
|heavy rain
| Spain
|[[2024 Spain floods]]
|-
! scope="row" | {{dts|2025|05|08|format=d}} – {{dts|2025|05|09|format=dmy}}
|104
|heavy rain
| [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]
|Heavy rain causes the Kasaba River, in [[South Kivu]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo]] to burst its banks, destroying at least 150 homes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=More than 100 dead after flooding in eastern DR Congo, officials say |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/5/11/more-than-100-dead-after-flooding-in-eastern-dr-congo-officials-say |access-date=2025-05-14 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| {{dts|2025|7|4|format=dmy}}
|> 132
|heavy rain
| US
|[[July 2025 Central Texas floods]]
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of deadliest floods]]
* [[Dam failure#List of major dam failures|List of major dam failures]]
* [[2021 European floods]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Rivers, streams and springs}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Flood|Flash]]
[[Category:Lists of floods|Flash]]

Flash flood

2026-08-27T07:08:54Z

Simba: New

{{Short description|Rapid flooding of low-lying areas}}
{{Globalize|date=October 2022|2=the US and the Western world}}
[[File:Main and University, Charlottesville, during flash flood (comparison).jpg|thumb|right|250px|An underpass in [[Charlottesville, Virginia]], United States during normal conditions (upper) and after fifteen minutes of heavy rain (lower) in 2017]]
[[File:GobiFlood.JPG|thumb|right|250px|A flash flood after a thunderstorm in the [[Gobi Desert]], Mongolia in 2004]]

A '''flash flood''' is a rapid [[flood]]ing of low-lying areas: [[Washland|washes]], [[river]]s, [[dry lake|dry lakes]], and [[Depression (geology)|depressions]]. It may be caused by heavy [[rain]] associated with a [[severe thunderstorm]], [[hurricane]], or [[tropical storm]], or by [[meltwater]] from ice and [[snow]]. Flash floods may also occur after the collapse of a natural [[Ice jam|ice]] or [[debris dam]], or a human structure such as a man-made [[dam]], as occurred before the [[Johnstown Flood]] of 1889. Flash floods are distinguished from regular floods by having a timescale of fewer than six hours between rainfall and the onset of flooding.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.weather.gov/phi/FlashFloodingDefinition | title=Flash Flooding Definition | publisher=National Weather Service | access-date=August 31, 2017 | archive-date=September 1, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170901031820/http://www.weather.gov/phi/FlashFloodingDefinition | url-status=live }}</ref>

Flash floods are a significant hazard, causing more fatalities in the [[United States]] in an average year than lightning, [[tornado]]es, or [[Tropical cyclone|hurricanes]]. They can also deposit large quantities of sediments on [[floodplains]] and destroy vegetation cover not adapted to frequent flood conditions.

== Causes ==
Flash floods most often occur in dry areas that have recently received [[precipitation]], but they may be seen anywhere downstream from the source of the precipitation, even many miles from the source. In areas on or near [[volcano]]es, flash floods have also occurred after eruptions, when [[glacier]]s have been melted by the intense heat. Flash floods are known to occur in the high mountain ranges of the [[United States]] and are also common in the arid plains of the Southwestern United States. Flash flooding can also be caused by extensive rainfall released by [[Tropical cyclone|hurricane]]s and other [[tropical storm]]s, as well as the sudden thawing effect of [[Ice jam|ice dam]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://weathereye.kgan.com/cadet/flood/about.html |title=Flash Flood! |author=WeatherEye |year=2007 |publisher=Sinclair Acquisition IV, Inc. |access-date=2009-09-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227073206/http://weathereye.kgan.com/cadet/flood/about.html |archive-date=2009-02-27 }}</ref><ref name="srh.noaa.gov" /> Human activities can also cause flash floods to occur. When [[dam failure|dams fail]], a large quantity of water can be released and destroy everything in its path.<ref name="srh.noaa.gov">{{cite web|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/mrx/hydro/flooddef.php|title=Definitions of flood and flash flood|author=[[National Weather Service]] Forecast Office [[Morristown, Tennessee]]|publisher=[[National Weather Service]] Southern Region Headquarters|date=2006-03-07|access-date=2009-09-09|archive-date=2006-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929072411/http://www.srh.noaa.gov/mrx/hydro/flooddef.php|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Hazards ==
The United States [[National Weather Service]] gives the advice "Turn Around, Don't Drown" for flash floods; that is, it recommends that people get out of the area of a flash flood, rather than trying to cross it. Many people tend to underestimate the dangers of flash floods. What makes flash floods most dangerous is their sudden nature and fast-moving water. A vehicle provides little to no protection against being swept away; it may make people overconfident and less likely to avoid the flash flood. More than half of the fatalities attributed to flash floods are people swept away in vehicles when trying to cross flooded intersections.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://forecasts.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=usa&wwa=Flash%20Flood%20Warning | title = Watches, Warnings & Advisories—Flash Flood Warning | publisher = [[National Weather Service (United States)|National Weather Service]] | access-date = 2007-06-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080111203614/http://forecasts.weather.gov/wwamap/wwatxtget.php?cwa=usa&wwa=Flash%20Flood%20Warning | archive-date = 2008-01-11 }}</ref> As little as {{convert|2|ft}} of water is enough to carry away most SUV-sized vehicles.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/brochures/ffbro.htm | title = A Preparedness Guide to flash floods #1 weather-related killer in the United States | publisher = [[U.S. Department of Commerce]], [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] [[National Weather Service]], [[Federal Emergency Management Agency]], [[American Red Cross]] | date = July 1992 | access-date = 2007-06-25 | archive-date = 2007-07-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070705105149/http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/brochures/ffbro.htm | url-status = live }}</ref> The U.S. National Weather Service reported in 2005 that, using a national 30-year average, more people die yearly in floods, 127 on average, than by [[lightning]] (73), [[tornado]]es (65), or [[hurricane]]s (16).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.srh.noaa.gov/tadd/ | title = Turn Around Don't Drown | access-date = 2007-06-25 | archive-date = 2018-11-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181129140316/http://www.srh.noaa.gov/tadd/ | url-status = live }}</ref>
In [[desert]]s, flash floods can be particularly deadly for several reasons. First, storms in arid regions are infrequent, but they can deliver an enormous amount of water in a very short time. Second, these rains often fall on poorly absorbent and often clay-like soil, which greatly increases the amount of [[surface runoff|runoff]] that rivers and other water channels have to handle.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Campos|first1=Priscila Celebrini de Oliveira|last2=Paz|first2=Igor|year=2020|title=Spatial Diagnosis of Rain Gauges' Distribution and Flood Impacts: Case Study in Itaperuna, Rio de Janeiro—Brazil|journal=Water|language=en|volume=12|issue=4|page=1120|doi=10.3390/w12041120|doi-access=free|bibcode=2020Water..12.1120C }}</ref> These regions tend not to have the infrastructure that wetter regions have to divert water from structures and roads, such as storm drains, culverts, and [[retention basin]]s, either because of sparse population or poverty, or because residents believe the risk of flash floods is not high enough to justify the expense. In fact, in some areas, desert roads frequently cross a dry river and creek beds without bridges. From the driver's perspective, there may be clear weather, when a river unexpectedly forms ahead of or around the vehicle in a matter of seconds.<ref>{{cite book |last=McGuire |first=Thomas |title=Earth Science: The Physical Setting |publisher=Amsco School Pubns Inc |year=2004 |page=571 |isbn=0-87720-196-X |chapter=Weather Hazards and the Changing Atmosphere |chapter-url=http://www.amscopub.com/images/file/File_67.pdf |access-date=2008-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625030134/http://www.amscopub.com/images/file/File_67.pdf |archive-date=2008-06-25 }}</ref> Finally, the lack of regular rain to clear water channels may cause flash floods in deserts to be headed by large amounts of debris, such as rocks, branches, and logs.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jahns |first1=R.H. |year=1949 |title=Desert floods |journal=Engineering and Science |volume=12 |issue=8 |pages=10–14 |url=https://calteches.library.caltech.edu/990/1/Desert.pdf |access-date=17 July 2021 |archive-date=30 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430132128/https://calteches.library.caltech.edu/990/1/Desert.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

Deep [[slot canyon]]s can be especially dangerous to hikers as they may be flooded by a storm that occurs on a [[mesa]] miles away. The flood sweeps through the canyon; the canyon makes it difficult to climb up and out of the way to avoid the flood. For example, a [[cloudburst]] in southern Utah on 14 September 2015 resulted in 20 flash flood fatalities, of which seven fatalities occurred at Zion National Park when hikers were trapped by floodwaters in a slot canyon.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=James A. |last2=Baeck |first2=Mary Lynn |last3=Yang |first3=Long |last4=Signell |first4=Julia |last5=Morin |first5=Efrat |last6=Goodrich |first6=David C. |title=The Paroxysmal Precipitation of the Desert: Flash Floods in the Southwestern United States |journal=Water Resources Research |date=December 2019 |volume=55 |issue=12 |pages=10218–10247 |doi=10.1029/2019WR025480|bibcode=2019WRR....5510218S |doi-access=free }}</ref>

== Impacts ==
{{See also|List of flash floods}}
Flash floods induce severe impacts in both the built and the natural environment. The effects of flash floods can be catastrophic and show extensive diversity, ranging from damages in buildings and infrastructure to impacts on vegetation, human lives and livestock. The effects are particularly difficult to characterize in urban areas.<ref name="Diakakis et al 2020">{{cite journal | title=Proposal of a flash flood impact severity scale for the classification and mapping of flash flood impacts | author=Diakakis M. | author2=Deligiannakis G. | author3=Antoniadis Z. | author4=Melaki M. | author5=Katsetsiadou K.N. | author6=Andreadakis E. | author7=Spyrou N.I. | author8=Gogou M. |name-list-style=amp | journal=Journal of Hydrology | date=2020 | volume=590 | article-number=125452 | doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125452| bibcode=2020JHyd..59025452D | s2cid=225031085 }}</ref>

Researchers have used datasets such as the Severe Hazards Analysis and Verification Experiment (SHAVE) and the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) ''Storm Data'' datasets to connect the impact of flash floods with the physical processes involved in flash flooding. This should increase the reliability of flash flood impact forecasting models.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Calianno |first1=Martin |last2=Ruin |first2=Isabelle |last3=Gourley |first3=Jonathan J. |title=Supplementing flash flood reports with impact classifications |journal=Journal of Hydrology |date=January 2013 |volume=477 |pages=1–16 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.09.036|bibcode=2013JHyd..477....1C }}</ref> Analysis of flash floods in the United States between 2006 and 2012 shows that injuries and fatalities are most likely in small, rural catchments, that the shortest events are also the most dangerous, that the hazards are greatest after nightfall, and that a very high fraction of injuries and fatalities involve vehicles.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Špitalar |first1=Maruša |last2=Gourley |first2=Jonathan J. |last3=Lutoff |first3=Celine |last4=Kirstetter |first4=Pierre-Emmanuel |last5=Brilly |first5=Mitja |last6=Carr |first6=Nicholas |title=Analysis of flash flood parameters and human impacts in the US from 2006 to 2012 |journal=Journal of Hydrology |date=November 2014 |volume=519 |pages=863–870 |doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.004|bibcode=2014JHyd..519..863S }}</ref>

An impact severity scale is proposed in 2020 providing a coherent overview of the flash flood effects through the classification of impact types and severity and mapping their spatial extent in a continuous way across the floodplain. Depending on the affected elements, the flood effects are grouped into 4 categories: (i) impacts on built environment (ii) impacts on man-made mobile objects,(iii) impacts on the natural environment (including vegetation, agriculture, geomorphology, and pollution) and (iv) impacts on the human population (entrapments, injuries, fatalities). The scale was proposed as a tool on prevention planning, as the resulting maps offer insights on future impacts, highlighting the high severity areas.<ref name="Diakakis et al 2020"/>

Flash floods can cause rapid soil erosion.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Brilly |first1=Mitja |chapter=The Integrated Approach to Flash Flood Management |title=Coping with Flash Floods |date=2001 |pages=103–113 |doi=10.1007/978-94-010-0918-8_12|isbn=978-0-7923-6826-7 }}</ref> Much of the Nile delta sedimentation may come from flash flooding in the desert areas that drain into the [[Nile River]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Labib |first1=Tarik M. |title=Soil erosion and total denudation due to flash floods in the Egyptian eastern desert |journal=Journal of Arid Environments |date=September 1981 |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=191–202 |doi=10.1016/S0140-1963(18)31560-X|bibcode=1981JArEn...4..191L }}</ref> However, flash floods of short duration produce relatively little bedrock erosion or channel widening, having their greatest impact from sedimentation on the floodplain.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Marchi |first1=Lorenzo |last2=Cavalli |first2=Marco |last3=Amponsah |first3=William |last4=Borga |first4=Marco |last5=Crema |first5=Stefano |title=Upper limits of flash flood stream power in Europe |journal=Geomorphology |date=November 2016 |volume=272 |pages=68–77 |doi=10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.11.005|bibcode=2016Geomo.272...68M }}</ref>

Some wetland plants, such as certain varieties of rice, are adapted to endure flash flooding.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hattori |first1=Yoko |last2=Nagai |first2=Keisuke |last3=Ashikari |first3=Motoyuki |title=Rice growth adapting to deepwater |journal=Current Opinion in Plant Biology |date=February 2011 |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=100–105 |doi=10.1016/j.pbi.2010.09.008|pmid=20934370 |bibcode=2011COPB...14..100H }}</ref> However, plants that thrive in drier areas can be harmed by flooding, as the plants can become stressed by the large amount of water.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Perata |first1=Pierdomenico |last2=Armstrong |first2=William |last3=Voesenek |first3=Laurentius A. C. J. |title=Plants and flooding stress: Commentary |journal=New Phytologist |date=April 2011 |volume=190 |issue=2 |pages=269–273 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03702.x|pmid=21443603 |doi-access=free |hdl=11382/308967 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tamang |first1=Bishal |last2=Fukao |first2=Takeshi |title=Plant Adaptation to Multiple Stresses during Submergence and Following Desubmergence |journal=International Journal of Molecular Sciences |date=17 December 2015 |volume=16 |issue=12 |pages=30164–30180 |doi=10.3390/ijms161226226|pmid=26694376 |pmc=4691168 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

==See also==
{{clear}}
{{cmn|
* [[Coastal flood]]
* [[Drowning]]
* [[Flash Flood Alley]]
* [[Flash Flood Guidance Systems]]
* [[Flash flood warning]]
* [[Flash flood watch]]
* [[Freshet]]
* [[Huayco]]
* [[Lifesaving]]
* [[Kalla kadal]]
* [[Storm surge]]
* [[Jökulhlaup]]
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite journal|last=Schmittner|first=Karl-Erich|author2=Pierre Giresse|date=August 1996|title=Modelling and application of the geomorphic and environmental controls on flash flood flow|journal=Geomorphology|volume= 16 |issue= 4 |pages=337–47 |doi= 10.1016/0169-555X(96)00002-5 |bibcode= 1996Geomo..16..337S }}
* Sercl, Petr et al. (2023): Flash Flood Indicator. Prague (Czech Hydrometeorological Institute). 50 p. ([https://www.chmi.cz/files/portal/docs/reditel/SIS/nakladatelstvi/assets/ffi.pdf on-line])

==External links==
{{Commons category|Flash floods}}
{{Wikivoyage|Flash floods}}
* {{YouTube|eQIEgn-j4H4|Scottish Flash Flood}} Public clip of the Fochabers flood in Moray September 9
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130601205453/http://floodrisk.net/ Decision tree to choose an uncertainty method for hydrological and hydraulic modelling], choosing an uncertainty analysis for flood modelling.
* [http://www.rankinstudio.com/flashfloods Great footage of flash floods] in the arid midwest heading down dry washes after heavy rain.
* [http://floodsafety.com/media/maps/texas/index.htm Map] of central Texas flash flood alley.
* [http://www.apfm.info/projects/pilot/europe/Pilot_Guidance_on_Flash_Flood_Mgmt_Eastern_Europe.pdf Workshop Proceedings Flash Flood Management]
* [http://www.nws.noaa.gov/iao/iao_FFW.php Workshop Proceedings Flash Flood Forecasting]
* [http://www.hrc-lab.org/ Hydrologic Research Center]

{{Natural disasters}}
{{Rivers, streams and springs}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Flood]]
[[Category:Hydrology]]
[[Category:Hazards of outdoor recreation]]

2026 Nepal–Tibet floods

2026-08-27T07:08:08Z

Simba: New

{{Short description|2026 flooding in Nepal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2026}}
{{Infobox event
| name = 2026 Nepal floods
| image = 2026 Nepal floods.gif
| image_caption = Flood hitting the Gyirong Port crossing on the [[China–Nepal border]]
| date = {{start date|2026|08|26|df=y}}
| location = {{ubl
|[[Rasuwa District]] and [[Nuwakot District]], Nepal
|[[Gyirong County]], [[Tibet Autonomous Region]], China
}}
| type = [[Flash flood]]
| deaths = 175+{{efn|{{hlist|165 in Nepal|3 in China<ref name="162 dead" />}}}} 
| missing = 1,384+{{efn|{{hlist|826 in Nepal|558 in China<ref name="162 dead" />}}}} 
| cause = Glacier collapse or icefall (initial reports)
| property_damage = [[Hydropower]] facilities, houses, bridges, roads, dams, businesses, and government offices
}}
On the morning of 26 August 2026, a series of [[Flash flood|flash floods]] along the [[Trishuli River]]{{efn|The Trishuli River's upper section in Nepal is also known as the Bhotekoshi River; a larger river 65 km to the east, also named [[Bhotekoshi River| Bhotekoshi]], was unaffected.}} struck dozens of settlements in Nepal's [[Rasuwa District|Rasuwa]] and [[Nuwakot District|Nuwakot]] districts. The floods also affected the [[Gyirong Port]] area on the [[China–Nepal border]], an important gateway for cross-border trade and tourism. The flash floods and [[Mudflow|mudslides]] caused massive damage to populated areas, with officials reporting at least 162 confirmed deaths in Nepal and 3 in China. Authorities have issued flood warnings for communities along rivers in the Rasuwa, Nuwakot, [[Dhading District|Dhading]], [[Gorkha District|Gorkha]], and [[Chitwan District|Chitwan]] districts.

== Background ==
[[File:River in Rasuwa.JPG|thumb|left|Bhotekoshi River (left) and the Lhende Khola River (right); the Miteri border bridge is under construction (2013)]]

The Trishuli (also known on this stretch as Bhotekoshi) is joined by the Lhende Khola (also known as Lende River), which originates in [[Gyirong County]], [[Tibet Autonomous Region]], China, before flowing past [[Dhunche]], downstream from which it forms part of the [[Trishuli River]] system.<ref>{{cite news|date=26 August 2026|title=रसुवामा भीषण बाढी, मुग्लिङसम्म सतर्कता|url=https://www.bbc.com/nepali/articles/c3wjp107jy9o|trans-title=Heavy flood in Rasuwa, alert up to Muglin |language=ne|publisher=BBC|access-date=26 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827045156/https://www.bbc.com/nepali/articles/c3wjp107jy9o|archive-date=27 August 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Tourist board says 33 UK nationals missing after Nepal-Tibet flash floods |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cnvlde5075no |website=www.bbc.com |access-date=27 August 2026 |date=27 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827053510/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cnvlde5075no|archive-date=27 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Cause==
Authorities have not yet established a definite cause for the flood. Nepal's foreign minister [[Shisir Khanal]] said initial assessments determined that an [[earthquake]] triggered an [[avalanche]] which caused the flooding.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Flash flood hits Rasuwa, damages hydropower projects and markets |url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2026/08/26/major-flood-damages-syabrubesi-hydropower-projects-in-rasuwa |access-date=2026-08-26 |website=The Kathmandu Post |language=English|date=26 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827045338/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2026/08/26/major-flood-damages-syabrubesi-hydropower-projects-in-rasuwa|archive-date=27 August 2026}}</ref> Nepalese officials initially believed the Lhende Khola may have been blocked by an avalanche in Nepal, forming a [[glacier lake]]. The trapped water would then have been released when the avalanche debris forming a dam collapsed, possibly due to an earthquake.<ref name="kathmandupost">{{Cite web |title=Ice avalanche, debris lake may have triggered Bhotekoshi flood |url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2026/08/26/ice-avalanche-debris-lake-may-have-triggered-bhotekoshi-flood |access-date=2026-08-26 |website=The Kathmandu Post |language=English|date=26 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827053516/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2026/08/26/ice-avalanche-debris-lake-may-have-triggered-bhotekoshi-flood|archive-date=27 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=What triggered the catastrophic flood on the Nepal-Tibet border? |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/what-triggered-catastrophic-flood-nepal-tibet-border-2026-08-26/ |access-date=26 August 2026 |date=26 August 2026|work=Reuters|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827053605/https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/what-triggered-catastrophic-flood-nepal-tibet-border-2026-08-26/|archive-date=27 August 2026}}</ref> A [[glacial lake outburst flood]] may also have been involved.<ref name="kathmandupost"/> A spokesperson for the [[International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development]] said an avalanche occurred in the Lhende Khola River after an earthquake which caused the flood.<ref name="162 dead" />

The [[United States Geological Survey]]'s analysis of long-period [[seismic wave]]s demonstrated, however, that they were consistent with a landslide, not an earthquake.<ref>{{cite news | title = Nepal flash floods: Increasing death toll, many missing; rescuers search for survivors – Live Updates | url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/nepal-flash-floods-increasing-death-toll-many-missing-rescuers-search-for-survivors-live-updates-august-27-2026/article71394802.ece | work = The Hindu | date = 27 August 2026 | access-date = 27 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827054015/https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/nepal-flash-floods-increasing-death-toll-many-missing-rescuers-search-for-survivors-live-updates-august-27-2026/article71394802.ece|archive-date=27 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> This event measured {{M|s|5.2|link=[[Richter scale]]}}, struck at 02:52 [[UTC]] (08:37 [[Nepal Standard Time|NPT]]; 10:52 [[China Standard Time|CST]]), and was centered between [[Langtang Lirung]] and [[Langtang National Park]].<ref>{{cite anss|M 5.2 Landslide - 55 km NW of Kodāri̇̄, Nepal|2026|us7000tbwb|access-date=26 August 2026}}</ref> Such was the cataclysmic scale and speed of the flash flood that the leading hypothesis of [[geomorphology|geomorphologists]] is that the collapsed portion of a glacier fell hundreds of feet, melting the ice by the sheer velocity of the impact, with the resulting initial flood causing water displacement downwards.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/world/asia/foreign-tourists-among-hundreds-missing-after-flash-floods-in-nepal-and-tibet-39e73ce7|title=Hundreds Missing, 157 Dead, as Likely Ice-Rock Cascade Triggers Floods in Nepal and Tibet|first1=Tripti|last1=Lahiri|first2=Krishna|last2=Pokharel|date=26 August 2026|publisher= The Wall Street Journal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827054241/https://www.wsj.com/world/asia/foreign-tourists-among-hundreds-missing-after-flash-floods-in-nepal-and-tibet-39e73ce7|archive-date=27 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref>

There were indications of heavy water flow almost immediately after the seismic waves were detected. The combination of the two near-simultaneous signals, and review of the first satellite imagery, led researchers to conclude that an [[ice avalanche]] of a portion of a glacier measuring {{Convert|2000|ft}} in width may have fallen {{Convert|4000|ft}}, and that it was this break some {{Convert|40|mi}} north of [[Kathmandu]] that may have been responsible for triggering the flooding.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sands |first=Leo |date=26 August 2026 |title=Deadly Nepal Flood May Have Been Caused by 'Ice Avalanche,' Scientists Say |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/08/26/world/asia/nepal-flood-glacier-ice-avalanche.html |access-date=26 August 2026 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331 |quote=The deadly flooding in Nepal on Wednesday was likely set off at least in part by an enormous chunk of ice snapping off a glacier and cascading thousands of feet to the valley below, according to an initial assessment by a group of geologists and glaciologists. The phenomenon is known as an ice avalanche.... On Wednesday, a chunk of ice with a width of about 2,000 feet snapped cleanly off the glacier, Dr. Shugar said, sending a mixture of ice and water to the valley floor. By his assessment, the chunk of ice fell from an altitude of around 17,000 feet, dropping almost 4,000 feet.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827054345/https://www.nytimes.com/2026/08/26/world/asia/nepal-flood-glacier-ice-avalanche.html|archive-date=27 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences]] recorded a magnitude 4.4 event approximately seven minutes before [[timestamp]]ed [[CCTV]] footage showed the flood reaching the Gyirong Port.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2026-08-26 |title=Hunderte Einheimische und Touristen nach Sturzflut in Nepal vermisst |trans-title=Hundreds of Locals and Tourists Missing After Flash Flood in Nepal |url=https://www.spiegel.de/ausland/nepal-hunderte-touristen-nach-sturzflut-vermisst-a-31da589a-af62-4b2b-982f-e7cb635e6456 |access-date=2026-08-27 |work=Der Spiegel |language=de |issn=2195-1349|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827054528/https://www.spiegel.de/ausland/nepal-hunderte-touristen-nach-sturzflut-vermisst-a-31da589a-af62-4b2b-982f-e7cb635e6456|archive-date=27 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Corp |first=Pelmorex |date=2026-08-26 |title=Devastating flash flood on Nepal-Tibet border kills nine, hundreds of tourists missing |url=https://www.theweathernetwork.com/en/news/weather/severe/devastating-flash-flood-on-nepal-tibet-border |access-date=2026-08-27 |website=The Weather Network |language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Casualties==
{{Multiple image
| image1 = Mudslide at Gyirong Port 1.webm
| image2 = Mudslide at Gyirong Port 2.webm
| footer = [[Closed-circuit television|CCTV]] footage showing floodwater destroying the Gyirong Port
}}
At least 162 deaths were confirmed in Nepal, with 826 people reported missing.<ref name="162 dead">{{Cite news |date=2026-08-26 |title=More than 1,300 are missing in Nepal and Tibet after catastrophic floods caused by glacial collapse |url=https://apnews.com/article/climate-change-nepal-tibet-glacier-collapse-floods-61b592d428e4631add31ce052d0daf1f |access-date=2026-08-26 |publisher=|work=[[Associated Press]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260827043057/https://apnews.com/article/climate-change-nepal-tibet-glacier-collapse-floods-61b592d428e4631add31ce052d0daf1f|archive-date=27 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> 579 tourists were reported missing, including 466 foreigners from 28 countries.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2026/08/26/britons-missing-nepal-flash-floods/|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|title=Girl, 13, among dozens of Britons missing in Nepal flash floods|date=26 August 2026|access-date=26 August 2026}}</ref> At least 105 Indians and 37 [[Indian diaspora|non-resident Indians]] were reported missing.<ref name="indiatoday26a" /> Australia's foreign minister said at least 34 of the missing were pilgrims.<ref name="162 dead" /> At least 55 Malaysians, 47 American, 34 Australian, 33 British, and 24 Canadian tourists were among the missing.<ref name="162 dead" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Sharma |first=Gopal |last2=Bajracharya |first2=Sahana |last3=Chitrakar |first3=Navesh |date=26 August 2026 |title=Rescuers search for survivors after devastating Nepal flood |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/rescuers-search-survivors-after-devastating-nepal-flood-2026-08-27/ |access-date=27 August 2026 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2026-08-27 |title=Anthony Albanese says 34 Australians among hundreds of people missing in deadly Nepal flash floods |url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2026/aug/27/australian-tourists-reported-missing-nepal-tibet-floods |access-date=2026-08-27 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> The [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (South Korea)|South Korean Foreign Ministry]] reported nine citizens working at a hydropower plant construction site went missing.<ref>{{cite web |title=(LEAD) Gov't sends emergency response team to Nepal over 9 missing S. Koreans after massive floods |url=https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20260827001051315 |website=Yonhap News |access-date=27 August 2026|date=27 August 2026|last=Oh|first=Seok-min}}</ref> Tourists from South Africa, Japan, and the Netherlands were also reported missing.<ref name="indiatoday26a">{{cite news |title=Nepal flash flood from Tibet leaves 17 dead, 105 Indians missing |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/nepal-flash-flood-tibet-rockslide-rasuwa-105-indians-missing-ptag-2980484-2026-08-26 |access-date=26 August 2026 |publisher= |date=26 August 2026|work=India Today}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> At least 26 [[Nepal Police|police]] officers, 9 [[Armed Police Force]] personnel, 44 [[Nepali Army|Nepal Army]] personnel, customs and immigration personnel were reported missing.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-08-26 |title='राष्ट्रिय विपद्को अवस्था' : सरकारले रसुवा बाढीबारे के-के भनेको छ? |trans-title=The affected district will be declared a disaster area for three months, latest details of damage in Rasuwa floods |url=https://www.bbc.com/nepali/articles/c8d3je7y4vqo |access-date=2026-08-27 |website=BBC News नेपाली |language=ne}}</ref>

Chinese state broadcaster [[China Central Television|CCTV]] reported 3 fatalities and 558 others missing in [[Tibet Autonomous Region]], including 260 foreigners.<ref name="162 dead" /><ref name="RU26a">{{cite web|last=Sharma|first=Gopal|date=26 August 2026|title=Nepal flash flood kills eight; damages roads, power projects|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/nepal-flash-flood-washes-away-villages-project-sites-near-tibet-border-2026-08-26/|website=Reuters|access-date=26 August 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=26 August 2026|url=https://www.am730.com.hk/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B/1049703/%E5%8F%97%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E7%88%BE%E6%B3%A5%E7%9F%B3%E6%B5%81%E6%B3%A2%E5%8F%8A-%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%8F3%E6%AD%BB265%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%B1%E8%81%AF|title=|work=[[am730]]|trans-title=Three Dead and 265 Missing in Tibet Following Nepal Mudslides|language=zh|script-title=zh: 受尼泊爾泥石流波及西藏3死265人失聯|access-date=26 August 2026}}</ref>

== Damage ==
[[File:Landsat Nepal flood 2026-08-26.png|thumb|Satellite imagery of the aftermath of the flooding from [[Landsat 9]]]]
Floodwaters reached settlements as high as {{Convert|270|ft|sigfig=1}} above the river level.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last1=Prasai |first1=Kamal |last2=Gautam |first2=Dinesh |date=2026-08-26 |title=Rasuwa flood leaves trail of destruction from Rasuwagadhi to Bidur |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/rasuwa-flood-in-pictures.html |access-date=2026-08-26 |website=Online Khabar |language=en-GB}}</ref> In Nuwakot, floodwater entered areas including [[Timure]], [[Dhunche]], [[Mailung Khola Hydropower Station|Mailung]], [[Syaphru|Syafrubesi]], [[Betrawati, the Uttar Gaya|Betrawati]], Trishuli, and [[Devighat]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name="Ratopati" /> Local officials said that property damage was extensive; assessments were continuing.<ref name="Ratopati">{{Cite web |title=Flood Damages Property in Nuwakot Due to Rasuwa Border Overflow |url=http://english.ratopati.com/story/76358/nuwakot-cdo-says-there-has-been-a-lot-of-physical-damage |access-date=2026-08-26 |website=Ratopati |language=|date=26 August 2026}}</ref> Director of the [[Department of Roads (Nepal)|Roads Department]] Bijaya Jaishi reported an initial estimate of 15 billion [[Nepalese rupee|rupees]] in road and bridge infrastructure had been damaged.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2026-08-26 |title=रसुवा बाढी : सडक र पुलमा रु १५ अर्बभन्दा बढीको क्षति भएको प्रारम्भिक आकलन |trans-title=Initial assessment: Floods cause over Rs 15 billion in damage to roads and bridges |url=https://www.bbc.com/nepali/articles/c1wxn9705gyo |access-date=2026-08-27 |website=BBC News नेपाली |language=ne}}</ref> He stated that 19 bridges and 40 kilometers of roads had been damaged.<ref name=":4" />

In Nepal, residential areas and infrastructure, including roads, sustained extensive damage.<ref name="RU26a" /> The [[Rasuwagadhi]] [[Customs|customs office]] was destroyed.<ref name=":1" /> A bridge connected to Trishuli Bazaar was swept away.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2026-08-26 |title=Hundreds missing and 98 dead as flash flood hits Nepal-Tibet border |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx2zyerv2lmo |access-date=2026-08-26 |website=BBC News|first1=Phanindra|last1=Dahal|first2=Laura|last2=Bicker|language=en-GB}}</ref> On the Chinese side, road access, communications and electricity supply to the [[Gyirong Port]] area were cut off by the flood.<ref>{{cite news |title= |url=https://www.xinhuanet.com/20260826/9b9c3faea12240b288dca79dcacf09c8/c.html |access-date=26 August 2026 |agency=Xinhua |date=26 August 2026|language=zh|script-title=zh: 西藏多方力量赶赴吉隆口岸救援|trans-title=Rescue Teams from Various Sectors in Tibet Rush to the Gyirong Port for Rescue Operations}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> The border crossing was reported as being "completely destroyed".<ref name=":3" /> A road connecting Syafrubesi and Rasuwagadhi, which was under reconstruction after damage from [[2025 Nepal floods|flooding in 2025]], was further damaged.<ref name=":4" />

Damage to electricity generation, transmission, and distribution infrastructure disrupted supplies in affected areas. The [[Nepal Electricity Authority]] said that six major hydropower and transmission facilities had been damaged. These included Rasuwagadhi, [[Chilime Hydropower Plant|Chilime]], [[Trishuli Hydropower Station|Trishuli 3A]], the Trishuli 3B Hub 220 [[kilovolt|kV]] substation, [[Trishuli Hydropower Station]], and [[Devighat Hydropower Station]].<ref>{{cite web|date=26 August 2026|title=Rasuwa flood damages 6 major hydropower, transmission facilities, disrupts power supply|url=https://english.nepalnews.com/s/business/rasuwa-flood-damages-6-major-hydropower-transmission-facilities-disrupts-power-supply/|website=Nepal News|location=Kathmandu|access-date=26 August 2026}}</ref>

== Response ==
The Government of Nepal mobilised the [[Nepal Army]], [[Armed Police Force]], and the [[Nepal Police]], supported by helicopters and medical teams, to conduct search, rescue, and relief operations.<ref name="Onlinekhabar">{{Cite web |date=2026-08-26 |title=Flood leaves parts of Rasuwa and Nuwakot cut off |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/flood-rasuwa-and-nuwakot.html |access-date=2026-08-26 |language=en-GB|website=OnlineKhabar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Rasuwa flashflood: NA teams, two choppers deployed for search, rescue |url=https://risingnepaldaily.com/news/85520 |access-date=2026-08-26 |website=The Rising Nepal|date=26 August 2026}}</ref> The Nepal Army reported that at least 88 people had been rescued.<ref name=":0" /> Following the flooding, the Nepal [[Department of Roads (Nepal)|Roads Department]] began installing [[Bailey bridge|bailey bridges]] to replace collapsed bridges.<ref name=":4" />

[[General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party|CCP General Secretary]] [[Xi Jinping]] called for continued efforts to locate missing people and improvements to disaster monitoring and warning systems.<ref name="Xinhua">{{Cite web |title= |url=https://www.news.cn/politics/leaders/20260826/e73cdedcfa6e4384b15cebedc9a13378/c.html |website=[[Xinhua News Agency]] |date=2026-08-26 |access-date=2026-08-26 |language=zh-cn|trans-title=Xi Jinping Issues Important Instructions Regarding the Mudslide Disaster in Jilong County, Shigatse City, Tibet|script-title=zh:习近平对西藏日喀则市吉隆县遭受泥石流灾害作出重要指示|quote=Following the disaster, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee attached great importance to the situation and issued important instructions...}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=26 August 2026|title=Hundreds missing and many feared dead after massive flash flood hits Nepal-China border|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2026/08/26/asia/nepal-flooding-flood-intl|website=CNN |access-date=26 August 2026}}</ref> The government of Tibet Autonomous Region mobilized nearly 800 emergency workers and 150 vehicles as well as sniffer dogs and speed boats to help the rescue efforts.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 26, 2026 |title=Search for missing after Nepal-Tibet floods kill 165 |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20260826-nepal-floods-at-china-border-kill-8-cause-major-casualties-in-tibet |access-date=2026-08-27 |website=France 24 |language=en}}</ref>

The [[International Charter on Space and Major Disasters]], which provides for widespread albeit contingent humanitarian satellite coverage, was activated.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://disasterscharter.org/activations/flood-in-nepal-activation-1052-|title=Flood in Nepal - Charter Activations | The International Charter: Space And Major Disasters|website=disasterscharter.org}}</ref>

The [[United States Department of State|United States State Department]] stated that it would send a disaster response advisor and provide $500,000 in assistance.<ref name=":3" /> UN secretary-general [[António Guterres|Antonio Guterres]] stated that United Nations teams and partners were sending supplies and personnel to support the the Nepal government-led response.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> Indian minister of external affairs [[S. Jaishankar]] reported that India had sent ten tonnes of [[humanitarian assistance]] and [[disaster relief]] supplies on 26 August.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2026-08-26 |title=India sends humanitarian aid, essential medicines to Nepal after flash floods |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/nepal-flash-floods-india-sends-relief-aid-medicines-by-iaf-flight-ptag-2980675-2026-08-26 |access-date=2026-08-27 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Nepal|China}}
{{Commonscat}}
* [[List of flash floods]]
* [[1970 Huascarán debris avalanche]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Deadliest meteorological events in 2026}}
{{2026 floods}}

[[Category:2026 floods in Asia|Nepal]]
[[Category:2020s in Tibet|Nepal floods]]
[[Category:August 2026 in Nepal|Floods]]
[[Category:Floods in Nepal]]
[[Category:Floods in China|Nepal]]
[[Category:History of Bagmati Province]]
[[Category:Nuwakot District]]
[[Category:Rasuwa District]]
[[Category:China–Nepal border]]
[[Category:Flash floods|Nepal]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]

Ohh My Dog (2026 film)

2026-08-08T06:56:41Z

Simba: Fix name

{{Short description|2026 Indian Hindi-language film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2026}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Ohh My Dog
| image = Oh My Dog official poster 2026.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Amit Rai (director)|Amit Rai]]
| writer = Amit Rai
| producer = Amit Rai Rajesh Bhardwaj Sana Warsi
| starring = [[Maahi Rai]] [[Pankaj Tripathi]] [[Pawan Malhotra]] [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] [[Geeta Agarwal Sharma]]
| cinematography = Máté Herbai
| editing = Suvir Nath
| music = [[Aman Pant]]
| studio = Babulal Biscope Thinking Hats Entertainment Solutions
| released = {{Film date|2026|8|7|df=y}}
| runtime = 150 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
}}

'''''Ohh My Dog''''' is a 2026 Indian Hindi-language children's [[comedy drama]] and family [[thriller film]] written, directed and co-produced by [[Amit Rai (director)|Amit Rai]].<ref name="Filmfare">{{Cite web |date=7 July 2026 |title=Amit Rai’s Ohh My Dog To Hit Theatres On July 31 |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/amit-rais-ohh-my-dog-to-hit-theatres-on-july-31_-84829.html |website=Filmfare |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref> Produced by Amit Rai, Rajesh Bhardwaj and Sana Warsi under the banners of Babulal Biscope and Thinking Hats Entertainment Solutions, the film stars [[Maahi Rai]] in his acting debut alongside [[Pankaj Tripathi]], [[Pawan Malhotra]], [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] and [[Geeta Agarwal Sharma]], with canine performers Bruno and Oscar in prominent roles. The film features more than 250 dogs and explores themes of loyalty, compassion and the bond between humans and animals.<ref name="Filmfare" /><ref name="Print">{{Cite web |last=Tiwari |first=Harsh |date=7 July 2026 |title=Amit Rai goes from Oh My God 2 to Ohh My Dog. Humans are second fiddle |url=https://theprint.in/feature/amit-rai-goes-from-oh-my-god-2-to-ohh-my-dog-humans-are-second-fiddle/2980054/ |website=ThePrint |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

The film was theatrically released on 7 August 2026.<ref name="IE Review">{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Shubhra |date=7 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog movie review: Pankaj Tripathi, stray dogs are stars of rare kid-friendly film |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/ohh-my-dog-movie-review-pankaj-tripathi-stray-dogs-are-stars-of-rare-kid-friendly-film-10821907/ |website=The Indian Express |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Plot ==
The story opens with the burial of Senapati, a decorated police dog, whose separation from her puppies is recalled with regret. Her two sons, Momo and Oscar, grow up in different circumstances. In Dibrugarh, Assam, Momo is adopted by young Apu and his family. In Bihar, Oscar lives with Prince, a construction labourer who shares a close bond with the dog despite limited means.

When Momo goes missing, Apu and his mother report the disappearance to the local police, who initially show limited interest. Convinced that animal traffickers are involved, the tech-savvy Apu begins his own investigation with the support of his teacher. Around the same time, Prince vanishes from a construction site in Bihar. Oscar sets out to find him, drawing the attention of a local teacher who educates migrant workers’ children and a reluctant police officer.

The parallel searches expose networks involved in dog trafficking for meat and the exploitation of vulnerable labourers, including organ-related crimes. As Apu and Oscar pursue leads across state lines, they confront indifference and corruption among some officials while receiving help from others. The journeys highlight the resilience of the dogs and the determination of those who care for them, culminating in efforts to confront the perpetrators and reunite the companions.<ref name="IT Review">{{Cite web |last=Farzeen |first=Sana |date=6 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog review: Amit Rai's paw-some hero steals the show in this emotional ride |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/ohh-my-dog-review-amit-rai-paw-some-hero-steals-the-show-emotional-ride-nikhil-kumar-pankaj-tripathi-rajesh-kumar-2965149-2026-08-06 |website=India Today |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref><ref name="Hindu Review">{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Anuj |date=6 August 2026 |title=‘Ohh My Dog’ movie review: Amit Rai’s poignant plea for coexistence |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/ohh-my-dog-movie-review-amit-rais-poignant-plea-for-coexistence/article71312727.ece |website=The Hindu |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref><ref name="TOI Review">{{Cite web |last=Vyavahare |first=Renuka |date=6 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog Movie Review: Engaging but overstretched dog-human investigative drama |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/ohh-my-dog/movie-review/133008845.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Maahi Rai]] as Apu
* [[Pankaj Tripathi]] as the teacher (Masterji)
* [[Pawan Malhotra]] as a police officer
* [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] as a police officer
* [[Geeta Agarwal Sharma]] as Apu’s mother
* Nikhil Kumar as Prince
* Sulakhyana Baruah as a teacher
* Vijay Mishra as a police officer
* Bruno as Oscar
* Oscar as Momo
}}

== Soundtrack ==
The film’s music was composed by [[Aman Pant]], with background score by Mangesh Dhakde. The soundtrack was released by Tips.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Track listing
! No. !! Title !! Singer(s) !! Lyrics !! Length
|-
| 1. || "Chota Bacha 2.0" || Aditya Narayan, DEE MC || Mohsin Shaikh, DEE MC ||
|-
| 2. || "Sone Do" || Sneha Shankar || Akhil Tiwari ||
|-
| 3. || "Dharma" || Sukhwinder Singh, Sneha Shankar || Guru Thakur ||
|-
| 4. || "Bajrang Baan" || Anand Bhaskar || Traditional ||
|-
| 5. || "Ohh My Dog" (Title Track) || Aman Pant, Moksh Pant || Prashant Sishodia ||
|-
| 6. || "Chott Chott" || Vandana Sinha || Traditional ||
|-
| 7. || "Gayan Bayan" || Troilokya Nath, Partha Dutta, Jishuraj Gogoi, Achyut Tamuli || Traditional ||
|}

== Release ==
''Ohh My Dog'' was originally scheduled for theatrical release on 31 July 2026. The release was postponed to 7 August 2026 owing to limited screen availability caused by the simultaneous run of ''Spider-Man: Brand New Day''.<ref name="BH Postponed">{{Cite web |date=27 July 2026 |title=Pankaj Tripathi starrer Ohh My Dog release postponed to August 7 due to Spider-Man: Brand New Day screen shortage |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/pankaj-tripathi-starrer-ohh-my-dog-release-postponed-to-august-7-due-to-spider-man-brand-new-day-screen-shortage/ |website=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref> The film received a U/A certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification after modifications. Paid previews were held on 6 August 2026.<ref name="BH Hungama">{{Cite web |title=Ohh My Dog |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/ohh-my-dog/ |website=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

Pankaj Tripathi appeared in the film without accepting a fee, stating that he wished to support the project and its subject because of his association with the director and belief in the story.<ref name="TOI Free">{{Cite web |last=Kulkarni |first=Onkar |date=16 July 2026 |title=Pankaj Tripathi did Ohh My Dog without charging a fee, says director Amit Rai |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/pankaj-tripathi-works-for-free-in-ohh-my-dog-reveals-director-amit-rai/articleshow/132430536.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Reception ==
''Ohh My Dog'' received mixed to positive reviews, with particular praise for the performances of the canine actors and the film’s emotional core, while several critics noted its length and occasional reliance on stereotypes.

Shubhra Gupta of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' rated the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and observed that it remains watchable when focused on the dogs, describing them as non-pedigreed animals with resilience, though the narrative becomes stretched when explanatory.<ref name="IE Review" /> Sana Farzeen of ''[[India Today]]'' highlighted Oscar as a scene-stealing presence who carries much of the film’s emotion and entertainment across its runtime, while noting that the film is occasionally stereotypical and overlong.<ref name="IT Review" /> Renuka Vyavahare of ''[[The Times of India]]'' awarded 3 out of 5 stars, calling it an engaging investigative drama powered by a dog’s loyalty that nevertheless overstays its welcome at two-and-a-half hours.<ref name="TOI Review" /> Anuj Kumar of ''[[The Hindu]]'' described the film as an absorbing thriller with a moral spine that positions the bond between humans and animals as one of both intelligence and heart, praising the work of Maahi Rai and Bruno.<ref name="Hindu Review" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt36626888}}

[[Category:2026 films]]
[[Category:2026 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian children's films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Indian thriller films]]
[[Category:Films about dogs]]
[[Category:Films about pets]]
[[Category:Films directed by Amit Rai]]
[[Category:Films set in Assam]]
[[Category:Films set in Bihar]]

Amit Rai (director)

2026-08-08T06:52:46Z

Simba: New page

[[File:Director Amit Rai.jpg|thumb]]
{{short description|Indian film director and writer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
'''Amit Rai''' is an Indian [[film director]] and writer. He won the [[Gollapudi Srinivas Award]] in 2010 for directing ''[[Road to Sangam]]''. As an associate director he did 2009 Marathi film ''[[Tingya]]'', which was critically acclaimed and won various National and International awards.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://beta.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article248169.ece|title=Amit Rai bags Gollapudi Srinivas award for 2009|date=17 March 2010|work=[[The Hindu]]|accessdate=18 May 2010}}</ref>

After a long break from the industry, he wrote and directed the sequel to [[OMG – Oh My God!]] titled [[OMG 2]] in 2023 which gained high critical and audience acclaim and became a box office success. He has received [[69th Filmfare Awards]] for the film [[OMG 2]] (best story) in 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=69th Hyundai Filmfare Awards 2024 Winners Full List |url=https://www.brutimes.com/news/entertainment/69th-filmfare-awards-winner-list |website=Bru Times News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Filmfare Awards 2024 full list of winners: Alia Bhatt is Best Actress, Ranbir Kapoor Best Actor, 12th Fail Best Film |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/filmfare-awards-2024-full-list-of-winners-alia-bhatt-ranbir-kapoor-best-film-101706457570220.html |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Year
! Film
! Language
! Credited as
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Tingya]]''
| Marathi
|Associate Director
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Road to Sangam]]''
| Hindi
| Director
|-
| rowspan=2| 2023
| ''[[OMG 2]]''
| Hindi<ref>{{cite news |title=OMG 2 director Amit Rai calls out CBFC's 'hypocrisy' after OTT release announcement; asks if Rocky Aur Rani's kissing scenes were 'okay for kids' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/omg-2-director-amit-rai-calls-out-cbfc-hypocrisy-ott-release-condom-ad-gadar-2-8966993/ |access-date=17 December 2023 |work=The Indian Express |date=3 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
| Writer & Director
|-
| ''[[Dear Jassi]]''
| Punjabi English
| Writer
|}

== Awards ==

* [[Gollapudi Srinivas Award|Gollapudi Srinivas Award (2010)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|3538058}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rai, Amit}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Indian film directors]]
[[Category:Indian screenwriters]]

{{India-writer-stub}}
{{India-film-director-stub}}

Ohh My Dog (2026 film)

2026-08-08T06:52:02Z

Simba: Poster

{{Short description|2026 Indian Hindi-language film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2026}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Ohh My Dog
| image = Oh My Dog official poster 2026.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Amit Rai (director)|Amit Rai]]
| writer = Amit Rai
| producer = Amit Rai Rajesh Bhardwaj Sana Warsi
| starring = [[Maahi Rai]] [[Pankaj Tripathi]] [[Pawan Malhotra]] [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] [[Geeta Aggarwal Sharma]]
| cinematography = Máté Herbai
| editing = Suvir Nath
| music = [[Aman Pant]]
| studio = Babulal Biscope Thinking Hats Entertainment Solutions
| released = {{Film date|2026|8|7|df=y}}
| runtime = 150 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
}}

'''''Ohh My Dog''''' is a 2026 Indian Hindi-language children's [[comedy drama]] and family [[thriller film]] written, directed and co-produced by [[Amit Rai (director)|Amit Rai]].<ref name="Filmfare">{{Cite web |date=7 July 2026 |title=Amit Rai’s Ohh My Dog To Hit Theatres On July 31 |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/amit-rais-ohh-my-dog-to-hit-theatres-on-july-31_-84829.html |website=Filmfare |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref> Produced by Amit Rai, Rajesh Bhardwaj and Sana Warsi under the banners of Babulal Biscope and Thinking Hats Entertainment Solutions, the film stars [[Maahi Rai]] in his acting debut alongside [[Pankaj Tripathi]], [[Pawan Malhotra]], [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] and [[Geeta Aggarwal Sharma]], with canine performers Bruno and Oscar in prominent roles. The film features more than 250 dogs and explores themes of loyalty, compassion and the bond between humans and animals.<ref name="Filmfare" /><ref name="Print">{{Cite web |last=Tiwari |first=Harsh |date=7 July 2026 |title=Amit Rai goes from Oh My God 2 to Ohh My Dog. Humans are second fiddle |url=https://theprint.in/feature/amit-rai-goes-from-oh-my-god-2-to-ohh-my-dog-humans-are-second-fiddle/2980054/ |website=ThePrint |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

The film was theatrically released on 7 August 2026.<ref name="IE Review">{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Shubhra |date=7 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog movie review: Pankaj Tripathi, stray dogs are stars of rare kid-friendly film |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/ohh-my-dog-movie-review-pankaj-tripathi-stray-dogs-are-stars-of-rare-kid-friendly-film-10821907/ |website=The Indian Express |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Plot ==
The story opens with the burial of Senapati, a decorated police dog, whose separation from her puppies is recalled with regret. Her two sons, Momo and Oscar, grow up in different circumstances. In Dibrugarh, Assam, Momo is adopted by young Apu and his family. In Bihar, Oscar lives with Prince, a construction labourer who shares a close bond with the dog despite limited means.

When Momo goes missing, Apu and his mother report the disappearance to the local police, who initially show limited interest. Convinced that animal traffickers are involved, the tech-savvy Apu begins his own investigation with the support of his teacher. Around the same time, Prince vanishes from a construction site in Bihar. Oscar sets out to find him, drawing the attention of a local teacher who educates migrant workers’ children and a reluctant police officer.

The parallel searches expose networks involved in dog trafficking for meat and the exploitation of vulnerable labourers, including organ-related crimes. As Apu and Oscar pursue leads across state lines, they confront indifference and corruption among some officials while receiving help from others. The journeys highlight the resilience of the dogs and the determination of those who care for them, culminating in efforts to confront the perpetrators and reunite the companions.<ref name="IT Review">{{Cite web |last=Farzeen |first=Sana |date=6 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog review: Amit Rai's paw-some hero steals the show in this emotional ride |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/ohh-my-dog-review-amit-rai-paw-some-hero-steals-the-show-emotional-ride-nikhil-kumar-pankaj-tripathi-rajesh-kumar-2965149-2026-08-06 |website=India Today |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref><ref name="Hindu Review">{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Anuj |date=6 August 2026 |title=‘Ohh My Dog’ movie review: Amit Rai’s poignant plea for coexistence |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/ohh-my-dog-movie-review-amit-rais-poignant-plea-for-coexistence/article71312727.ece |website=The Hindu |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref><ref name="TOI Review">{{Cite web |last=Vyavahare |first=Renuka |date=6 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog Movie Review: Engaging but overstretched dog-human investigative drama |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/ohh-my-dog/movie-review/133008845.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Maahi Rai]] as Apu
* [[Pankaj Tripathi]] as the teacher (Masterji)
* [[Pawan Malhotra]] as a police officer
* [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] as a police officer
* [[Geeta Aggarwal Sharma]] as Apu’s mother
* Nikhil Kumar as Prince
* Sulakhyana Baruah as a teacher
* Vijay Mishra as a police officer
* Bruno as Oscar
* Oscar as Momo
}}

== Soundtrack ==
The film’s music was composed by [[Aman Pant]], with background score by Mangesh Dhakde. The soundtrack was released by Tips.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Track listing
! No. !! Title !! Singer(s) !! Lyrics !! Length
|-
| 1. || "Chota Bacha 2.0" || Aditya Narayan, DEE MC || Mohsin Shaikh, DEE MC ||
|-
| 2. || "Sone Do" || Sneha Shankar || Akhil Tiwari ||
|-
| 3. || "Dharma" || Sukhwinder Singh, Sneha Shankar || Guru Thakur ||
|-
| 4. || "Bajrang Baan" || Anand Bhaskar || Traditional ||
|-
| 5. || "Ohh My Dog" (Title Track) || Aman Pant, Moksh Pant || Prashant Sishodia ||
|-
| 6. || "Chott Chott" || Vandana Sinha || Traditional ||
|-
| 7. || "Gayan Bayan" || Troilokya Nath, Partha Dutta, Jishuraj Gogoi, Achyut Tamuli || Traditional ||
|}

== Release ==
''Ohh My Dog'' was originally scheduled for theatrical release on 31 July 2026. The release was postponed to 7 August 2026 owing to limited screen availability caused by the simultaneous run of ''Spider-Man: Brand New Day''.<ref name="BH Postponed">{{Cite web |date=27 July 2026 |title=Pankaj Tripathi starrer Ohh My Dog release postponed to August 7 due to Spider-Man: Brand New Day screen shortage |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/pankaj-tripathi-starrer-ohh-my-dog-release-postponed-to-august-7-due-to-spider-man-brand-new-day-screen-shortage/ |website=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref> The film received a U/A certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification after modifications. Paid previews were held on 6 August 2026.<ref name="BH Hungama">{{Cite web |title=Ohh My Dog |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/ohh-my-dog/ |website=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

Pankaj Tripathi appeared in the film without accepting a fee, stating that he wished to support the project and its subject because of his association with the director and belief in the story.<ref name="TOI Free">{{Cite web |last=Kulkarni |first=Onkar |date=16 July 2026 |title=Pankaj Tripathi did Ohh My Dog without charging a fee, says director Amit Rai |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/pankaj-tripathi-works-for-free-in-ohh-my-dog-reveals-director-amit-rai/articleshow/132430536.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Reception ==
''Ohh My Dog'' received mixed to positive reviews, with particular praise for the performances of the canine actors and the film’s emotional core, while several critics noted its length and occasional reliance on stereotypes.

Shubhra Gupta of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' rated the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and observed that it remains watchable when focused on the dogs, describing them as non-pedigreed animals with resilience, though the narrative becomes stretched when explanatory.<ref name="IE Review" /> Sana Farzeen of ''[[India Today]]'' highlighted Oscar as a scene-stealing presence who carries much of the film’s emotion and entertainment across its runtime, while noting that the film is occasionally stereotypical and overlong.<ref name="IT Review" /> Renuka Vyavahare of ''[[The Times of India]]'' awarded 3 out of 5 stars, calling it an engaging investigative drama powered by a dog’s loyalty that nevertheless overstays its welcome at two-and-a-half hours.<ref name="TOI Review" /> Anuj Kumar of ''[[The Hindu]]'' described the film as an absorbing thriller with a moral spine that positions the bond between humans and animals as one of both intelligence and heart, praising the work of Maahi Rai and Bruno.<ref name="Hindu Review" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt36626888}}

[[Category:2026 films]]
[[Category:2026 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian children's films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Indian thriller films]]
[[Category:Films about dogs]]
[[Category:Films about pets]]
[[Category:Films directed by Amit Rai]]
[[Category:Films set in Assam]]
[[Category:Films set in Bihar]]

File:Oh My Dog official poster 2026.jpg

2026-08-08T06:51:42Z

Simba:

Ohh My Dog (2026 film)

2026-08-08T06:48:35Z

Simba:

{{Short description|2026 Indian Hindi-language film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2026}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Ohh My Dog
| image =
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Amit Rai (director)|Amit Rai]]
| writer = Amit Rai
| producer = Amit Rai Rajesh Bhardwaj Sana Warsi
| starring = [[Maahi Rai]] [[Pankaj Tripathi]] [[Pawan Malhotra]] [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] [[Geeta Aggarwal Sharma]]
| cinematography = Máté Herbai
| editing = Suvir Nath
| music = [[Aman Pant]]
| studio = Babulal Biscope Thinking Hats Entertainment Solutions
| released = {{Film date|2026|8|7|df=y}}
| runtime = 150 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
}}

'''''Ohh My Dog''''' is a 2026 Indian Hindi-language children's [[comedy drama]] and family [[thriller film]] written, directed and co-produced by [[Amit Rai (director)|Amit Rai]].<ref name="Filmfare">{{Cite web |date=7 July 2026 |title=Amit Rai’s Ohh My Dog To Hit Theatres On July 31 |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/amit-rais-ohh-my-dog-to-hit-theatres-on-july-31_-84829.html |website=Filmfare |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref> Produced by Amit Rai, Rajesh Bhardwaj and Sana Warsi under the banners of Babulal Biscope and Thinking Hats Entertainment Solutions, the film stars [[Maahi Rai]] in his acting debut alongside [[Pankaj Tripathi]], [[Pawan Malhotra]], [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] and [[Geeta Aggarwal Sharma]], with canine performers Bruno and Oscar in prominent roles. The film features more than 250 dogs and explores themes of loyalty, compassion and the bond between humans and animals.<ref name="Filmfare" /><ref name="Print">{{Cite web |last=Tiwari |first=Harsh |date=7 July 2026 |title=Amit Rai goes from Oh My God 2 to Ohh My Dog. Humans are second fiddle |url=https://theprint.in/feature/amit-rai-goes-from-oh-my-god-2-to-ohh-my-dog-humans-are-second-fiddle/2980054/ |website=ThePrint |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

The film was theatrically released on 7 August 2026.<ref name="IE Review">{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Shubhra |date=7 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog movie review: Pankaj Tripathi, stray dogs are stars of rare kid-friendly film |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/ohh-my-dog-movie-review-pankaj-tripathi-stray-dogs-are-stars-of-rare-kid-friendly-film-10821907/ |website=The Indian Express |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Plot ==
The story opens with the burial of Senapati, a decorated police dog, whose separation from her puppies is recalled with regret. Her two sons, Momo and Oscar, grow up in different circumstances. In Dibrugarh, Assam, Momo is adopted by young Apu and his family. In Bihar, Oscar lives with Prince, a construction labourer who shares a close bond with the dog despite limited means.

When Momo goes missing, Apu and his mother report the disappearance to the local police, who initially show limited interest. Convinced that animal traffickers are involved, the tech-savvy Apu begins his own investigation with the support of his teacher. Around the same time, Prince vanishes from a construction site in Bihar. Oscar sets out to find him, drawing the attention of a local teacher who educates migrant workers’ children and a reluctant police officer.

The parallel searches expose networks involved in dog trafficking for meat and the exploitation of vulnerable labourers, including organ-related crimes. As Apu and Oscar pursue leads across state lines, they confront indifference and corruption among some officials while receiving help from others. The journeys highlight the resilience of the dogs and the determination of those who care for them, culminating in efforts to confront the perpetrators and reunite the companions.<ref name="IT Review">{{Cite web |last=Farzeen |first=Sana |date=6 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog review: Amit Rai's paw-some hero steals the show in this emotional ride |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/ohh-my-dog-review-amit-rai-paw-some-hero-steals-the-show-emotional-ride-nikhil-kumar-pankaj-tripathi-rajesh-kumar-2965149-2026-08-06 |website=India Today |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref><ref name="Hindu Review">{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Anuj |date=6 August 2026 |title=‘Ohh My Dog’ movie review: Amit Rai’s poignant plea for coexistence |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/ohh-my-dog-movie-review-amit-rais-poignant-plea-for-coexistence/article71312727.ece |website=The Hindu |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref><ref name="TOI Review">{{Cite web |last=Vyavahare |first=Renuka |date=6 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog Movie Review: Engaging but overstretched dog-human investigative drama |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/ohh-my-dog/movie-review/133008845.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Maahi Rai]] as Apu
* [[Pankaj Tripathi]] as the teacher (Masterji)
* [[Pawan Malhotra]] as a police officer
* [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] as a police officer
* [[Geeta Aggarwal Sharma]] as Apu’s mother
* Nikhil Kumar as Prince
* Sulakhyana Baruah as a teacher
* Vijay Mishra as a police officer
* Bruno as Oscar
* Oscar as Momo
}}

== Soundtrack ==
The film’s music was composed by [[Aman Pant]], with background score by Mangesh Dhakde. The soundtrack was released by Tips.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Track listing
! No. !! Title !! Singer(s) !! Lyrics !! Length
|-
| 1. || "Chota Bacha 2.0" || Aditya Narayan, DEE MC || Mohsin Shaikh, DEE MC ||
|-
| 2. || "Sone Do" || Sneha Shankar || Akhil Tiwari ||
|-
| 3. || "Dharma" || Sukhwinder Singh, Sneha Shankar || Guru Thakur ||
|-
| 4. || "Bajrang Baan" || Anand Bhaskar || Traditional ||
|-
| 5. || "Ohh My Dog" (Title Track) || Aman Pant, Moksh Pant || Prashant Sishodia ||
|-
| 6. || "Chott Chott" || Vandana Sinha || Traditional ||
|-
| 7. || "Gayan Bayan" || Troilokya Nath, Partha Dutta, Jishuraj Gogoi, Achyut Tamuli || Traditional ||
|}

== Release ==
''Ohh My Dog'' was originally scheduled for theatrical release on 31 July 2026. The release was postponed to 7 August 2026 owing to limited screen availability caused by the simultaneous run of ''Spider-Man: Brand New Day''.<ref name="BH Postponed">{{Cite web |date=27 July 2026 |title=Pankaj Tripathi starrer Ohh My Dog release postponed to August 7 due to Spider-Man: Brand New Day screen shortage |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/pankaj-tripathi-starrer-ohh-my-dog-release-postponed-to-august-7-due-to-spider-man-brand-new-day-screen-shortage/ |website=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref> The film received a U/A certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification after modifications. Paid previews were held on 6 August 2026.<ref name="BH Hungama">{{Cite web |title=Ohh My Dog |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/ohh-my-dog/ |website=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

Pankaj Tripathi appeared in the film without accepting a fee, stating that he wished to support the project and its subject because of his association with the director and belief in the story.<ref name="TOI Free">{{Cite web |last=Kulkarni |first=Onkar |date=16 July 2026 |title=Pankaj Tripathi did Ohh My Dog without charging a fee, says director Amit Rai |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/pankaj-tripathi-works-for-free-in-ohh-my-dog-reveals-director-amit-rai/articleshow/132430536.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Reception ==
''Ohh My Dog'' received mixed to positive reviews, with particular praise for the performances of the canine actors and the film’s emotional core, while several critics noted its length and occasional reliance on stereotypes.

Shubhra Gupta of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' rated the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and observed that it remains watchable when focused on the dogs, describing them as non-pedigreed animals with resilience, though the narrative becomes stretched when explanatory.<ref name="IE Review" /> Sana Farzeen of ''[[India Today]]'' highlighted Oscar as a scene-stealing presence who carries much of the film’s emotion and entertainment across its runtime, while noting that the film is occasionally stereotypical and overlong.<ref name="IT Review" /> Renuka Vyavahare of ''[[The Times of India]]'' awarded 3 out of 5 stars, calling it an engaging investigative drama powered by a dog’s loyalty that nevertheless overstays its welcome at two-and-a-half hours.<ref name="TOI Review" /> Anuj Kumar of ''[[The Hindu]]'' described the film as an absorbing thriller with a moral spine that positions the bond between humans and animals as one of both intelligence and heart, praising the work of Maahi Rai and Bruno.<ref name="Hindu Review" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt36626888}}

[[Category:2026 films]]
[[Category:2026 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian children's films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Indian thriller films]]
[[Category:Films about dogs]]
[[Category:Films about pets]]
[[Category:Films directed by Amit Rai]]
[[Category:Films set in Assam]]
[[Category:Films set in Bihar]]

Ohh My Dog (2026 film)

2026-08-08T06:48:25Z

Simba: New page

```wikitext
{{Short description|2026 Indian Hindi-language film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2026}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Ohh My Dog
| image =
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Amit Rai (director)|Amit Rai]]
| writer = Amit Rai
| producer = Amit Rai Rajesh Bhardwaj Sana Warsi
| starring = [[Maahi Rai]] [[Pankaj Tripathi]] [[Pawan Malhotra]] [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] [[Geeta Aggarwal Sharma]]
| cinematography = Máté Herbai
| editing = Suvir Nath
| music = [[Aman Pant]]
| studio = Babulal Biscope Thinking Hats Entertainment Solutions
| released = {{Film date|2026|8|7|df=y}}
| runtime = 150 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
}}

'''''Ohh My Dog''''' is a 2026 Indian Hindi-language children's [[comedy drama]] and family [[thriller film]] written, directed and co-produced by [[Amit Rai (director)|Amit Rai]].<ref name="Filmfare">{{Cite web |date=7 July 2026 |title=Amit Rai’s Ohh My Dog To Hit Theatres On July 31 |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/amit-rais-ohh-my-dog-to-hit-theatres-on-july-31_-84829.html |website=Filmfare |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref> Produced by Amit Rai, Rajesh Bhardwaj and Sana Warsi under the banners of Babulal Biscope and Thinking Hats Entertainment Solutions, the film stars [[Maahi Rai]] in his acting debut alongside [[Pankaj Tripathi]], [[Pawan Malhotra]], [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] and [[Geeta Aggarwal Sharma]], with canine performers Bruno and Oscar in prominent roles. The film features more than 250 dogs and explores themes of loyalty, compassion and the bond between humans and animals.<ref name="Filmfare" /><ref name="Print">{{Cite web |last=Tiwari |first=Harsh |date=7 July 2026 |title=Amit Rai goes from Oh My God 2 to Ohh My Dog. Humans are second fiddle |url=https://theprint.in/feature/amit-rai-goes-from-oh-my-god-2-to-ohh-my-dog-humans-are-second-fiddle/2980054/ |website=ThePrint |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

The film was theatrically released on 7 August 2026.<ref name="IE Review">{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Shubhra |date=7 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog movie review: Pankaj Tripathi, stray dogs are stars of rare kid-friendly film |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/ohh-my-dog-movie-review-pankaj-tripathi-stray-dogs-are-stars-of-rare-kid-friendly-film-10821907/ |website=The Indian Express |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Plot ==
The story opens with the burial of Senapati, a decorated police dog, whose separation from her puppies is recalled with regret. Her two sons, Momo and Oscar, grow up in different circumstances. In Dibrugarh, Assam, Momo is adopted by young Apu and his family. In Bihar, Oscar lives with Prince, a construction labourer who shares a close bond with the dog despite limited means.

When Momo goes missing, Apu and his mother report the disappearance to the local police, who initially show limited interest. Convinced that animal traffickers are involved, the tech-savvy Apu begins his own investigation with the support of his teacher. Around the same time, Prince vanishes from a construction site in Bihar. Oscar sets out to find him, drawing the attention of a local teacher who educates migrant workers’ children and a reluctant police officer.

The parallel searches expose networks involved in dog trafficking for meat and the exploitation of vulnerable labourers, including organ-related crimes. As Apu and Oscar pursue leads across state lines, they confront indifference and corruption among some officials while receiving help from others. The journeys highlight the resilience of the dogs and the determination of those who care for them, culminating in efforts to confront the perpetrators and reunite the companions.<ref name="IT Review">{{Cite web |last=Farzeen |first=Sana |date=6 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog review: Amit Rai's paw-some hero steals the show in this emotional ride |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/ohh-my-dog-review-amit-rai-paw-some-hero-steals-the-show-emotional-ride-nikhil-kumar-pankaj-tripathi-rajesh-kumar-2965149-2026-08-06 |website=India Today |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref><ref name="Hindu Review">{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Anuj |date=6 August 2026 |title=‘Ohh My Dog’ movie review: Amit Rai’s poignant plea for coexistence |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/ohh-my-dog-movie-review-amit-rais-poignant-plea-for-coexistence/article71312727.ece |website=The Hindu |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref><ref name="TOI Review">{{Cite web |last=Vyavahare |first=Renuka |date=6 August 2026 |title=Ohh My Dog Movie Review: Engaging but overstretched dog-human investigative drama |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/ohh-my-dog/movie-review/133008845.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Maahi Rai]] as Apu
* [[Pankaj Tripathi]] as the teacher (Masterji)
* [[Pawan Malhotra]] as a police officer
* [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)|Rajesh Kumar]] as a police officer
* [[Geeta Aggarwal Sharma]] as Apu’s mother
* Nikhil Kumar as Prince
* Sulakhyana Baruah as a teacher
* Vijay Mishra as a police officer
* Bruno as Oscar
* Oscar as Momo
}}

== Soundtrack ==
The film’s music was composed by [[Aman Pant]], with background score by Mangesh Dhakde. The soundtrack was released by Tips.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Track listing
! No. !! Title !! Singer(s) !! Lyrics !! Length
|-
| 1. || "Chota Bacha 2.0" || Aditya Narayan, DEE MC || Mohsin Shaikh, DEE MC ||
|-
| 2. || "Sone Do" || Sneha Shankar || Akhil Tiwari ||
|-
| 3. || "Dharma" || Sukhwinder Singh, Sneha Shankar || Guru Thakur ||
|-
| 4. || "Bajrang Baan" || Anand Bhaskar || Traditional ||
|-
| 5. || "Ohh My Dog" (Title Track) || Aman Pant, Moksh Pant || Prashant Sishodia ||
|-
| 6. || "Chott Chott" || Vandana Sinha || Traditional ||
|-
| 7. || "Gayan Bayan" || Troilokya Nath, Partha Dutta, Jishuraj Gogoi, Achyut Tamuli || Traditional ||
|}

== Release ==
''Ohh My Dog'' was originally scheduled for theatrical release on 31 July 2026. The release was postponed to 7 August 2026 owing to limited screen availability caused by the simultaneous run of ''Spider-Man: Brand New Day''.<ref name="BH Postponed">{{Cite web |date=27 July 2026 |title=Pankaj Tripathi starrer Ohh My Dog release postponed to August 7 due to Spider-Man: Brand New Day screen shortage |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/pankaj-tripathi-starrer-ohh-my-dog-release-postponed-to-august-7-due-to-spider-man-brand-new-day-screen-shortage/ |website=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref> The film received a U/A certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification after modifications. Paid previews were held on 6 August 2026.<ref name="BH Hungama">{{Cite web |title=Ohh My Dog |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/ohh-my-dog/ |website=Bollywood Hungama |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

Pankaj Tripathi appeared in the film without accepting a fee, stating that he wished to support the project and its subject because of his association with the director and belief in the story.<ref name="TOI Free">{{Cite web |last=Kulkarni |first=Onkar |date=16 July 2026 |title=Pankaj Tripathi did Ohh My Dog without charging a fee, says director Amit Rai |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/pankaj-tripathi-works-for-free-in-ohh-my-dog-reveals-director-amit-rai/articleshow/132430536.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=8 August 2026}}</ref>

== Reception ==
''Ohh My Dog'' received mixed to positive reviews, with particular praise for the performances of the canine actors and the film’s emotional core, while several critics noted its length and occasional reliance on stereotypes.

Shubhra Gupta of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' rated the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and observed that it remains watchable when focused on the dogs, describing them as non-pedigreed animals with resilience, though the narrative becomes stretched when explanatory.<ref name="IE Review" /> Sana Farzeen of ''[[India Today]]'' highlighted Oscar as a scene-stealing presence who carries much of the film’s emotion and entertainment across its runtime, while noting that the film is occasionally stereotypical and overlong.<ref name="IT Review" /> Renuka Vyavahare of ''[[The Times of India]]'' awarded 3 out of 5 stars, calling it an engaging investigative drama powered by a dog’s loyalty that nevertheless overstays its welcome at two-and-a-half hours.<ref name="TOI Review" /> Anuj Kumar of ''[[The Hindu]]'' described the film as an absorbing thriller with a moral spine that positions the bond between humans and animals as one of both intelligence and heart, praising the work of Maahi Rai and Bruno.<ref name="Hindu Review" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt36626888}}

[[Category:2026 films]]
[[Category:2026 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian children's films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Indian thriller films]]
[[Category:Films about dogs]]
[[Category:Films about pets]]
[[Category:Films directed by Amit Rai]]
[[Category:Films set in Assam]]
[[Category:Films set in Bihar]]

Hello Friends (Narendra Modi video)

2026-07-28T21:12:39Z

Simba:

{{Short description|2026 Instagram and Facebook video by Narendra Modi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2026}}
{{Infobox storage medium
| name = Hello Friends
| logo =
| image = File:Hello Friend (Narendra Modi).mp4
| caption = Still from the video
| type = Social media video / [[Instagram Reel]]
| capacity =
| blocksize =
| read =
| write =
| standard =
| owner = [[Narendra Modi]]
| use = Political communication addressing youth on examination paper leaks
| dimensions =
| weight =
| extended from =
| extended to =
| released = 23–24 July 2026
| discontinued =
}}

{{Tweet
| name = Narendra Modi
| username = narendramodi
| replyto =
| text = More strict actions against paper leaks to come in tomorrow’s Cabinet!
| date = July 23, 2026
| ID = 2080357811662492096
| image = Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed at world summit .jpg
| right = yes
}}
"'''Hello Friends'''" is a late-night selfie-style video message posted by Indian Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] on his official [[Instagram]] and [[Facebook]] accounts on the night of 23–24 July 2026. In the video, Modi addressed young Indians as "friends" regarding nationwide student protests over irregularities and paper leaks in the [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test|NEET-UG]] 2026 examination, outlining government actions already taken and announcing plans for stricter legislation and fast-track courts.

The video, Modi's first direct vertical-format outreach in this style to Gen Z audiences amid the protests, rapidly gained massive engagement. It crossed 303 million views on Instagram within 24 hours, setting a reported world record for the most-viewed Instagram Reel in that timeframe and surpassing the previous benchmark of approximately 300 million views held by streamer [[IShowSpeed]] for a clip featuring members of [[BTS]]. It also contributed to a surge of roughly one million new Instagram followers for Modi overnight, with his total rising from around 101 million to over 105 million within a week.

A follow-up video beginning with "Thank you friends" was posted the next day. The original video was briefly restricted on Facebook in the early hours of 28 July 2026; [[Meta Platforms]] attributed the action to a technical error or automated filter glitch, restored the content, and apologised. The Indian government rejected the explanation as inadequate and summoned senior Meta executives.

The video formed part of the broader government response to the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP)-led agitation, which culminated in the resignation of Education Minister [[Dharmendra Pradhan]] and the introduction of the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026.

== Background ==
The NEET-UG 2026 medical entrance examination, held in early May 2026, faced allegations of paper leaks and other irregularities, leading to its cancellation and the conduct of re-examinations for approximately 22 lakh candidates. Results of the re-examination were declared on 19 July 2026.

Student discontent crystallised into the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP), a youth-led movement founded by Abhijeet Dipke. The name derived from remarks by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant comparing certain unemployed youth to "cockroaches" and "parasites," which protesters reclaimed as a badge of identity. CJP organised sustained demonstrations, including a major sit-in at [[Jantar Mantar]], New Delhi, and a "Sansad Chalo" march toward Parliament on 20 July 2026. Primary demands included the resignation of Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan, accountability for examination authorities, compensation for families of students who died by suicide amid the controversy, and systemic reforms.

By late July the protest had entered its fourth and fifth weeks, with intermittent clashes involving Delhi Police, temporary internet restrictions in parts of central Delhi, and involvement of figures such as climate activist [[Sonam Wangchuk]], who undertook a hunger strike. Opposition parties and civil society groups amplified calls for ministerial accountability.

== Content of the video ==
Recorded in a casual, front-camera vertical format typical of Instagram Reels and posted around midnight, the video marked a departure from Modi's more formal addresses. Addressing viewers as "Friends," Modi acknowledged the distress caused by paper leaks:

"Friends, I know that paper leaks are not an ordinary matter. For lakhs of students and their parents, it is extremely painful."

He detailed steps taken over the preceding two-and-a-half months, including arrests of those involved (who were then in jail), and emphasised the priority of preventing loss of an academic year by rapidly organising re-examinations for around 22 lakh students. Results had been declared on 19 July, with reports of celebrations by successful candidates, yet the government remained unsatisfied.

Modi announced that he had directed departments that day to prepare a legal framework for fast-track courts and stringent punishments. A draft had been submitted late at night and would be placed before the Union Cabinet the following day. After incorporating ministerial suggestions, the measure would be finalised for introduction in Parliament the following week, with efforts to secure early passage.

The accompanying caption on social media stated: "More strict actions against paper leaks to come in tomorrow’s Cabinet!"

A second video, posted on 24 July and beginning with the words "Thank you friends," expressed gratitude for the response and "insightful suggestions" from young viewers. In it Modi said the bond with the youth would continue to strengthen and that their affection would remain with him.

== Reception and records ==
The initial video achieved exceptional reach. Within 24 hours it recorded over 303 million views on Instagram, establishing a new platform record for a single Reel in that period and overtaking IShowSpeed's previous mark of around 300 million views (from a clip of his meeting with BTS). Reports indicated the view count later exceeded 340–396 million. The video also attracted more than 16 million likes and approximately 1.5 million comments in the early phase.

Modi's Instagram follower count rose by roughly one million overnight (from approximately 101 million) and by about four million over the subsequent days and week, crossing 105 million. Commentators noted the resonance of the informal "Friends" address and Gen Z-oriented format among younger users, though some online reactions included humorous or critical memes referring to the Prime Minister in playful terms such as "Pookie PM."

CJP spokespersons and protesters offered mixed responses, with some viewing the outreach as evidence of pressure from the agitation while insisting that demands, particularly Pradhan's resignation, remained non-negotiable. Political supporters highlighted the direct communication with youth, while critics described it as a public-relations effort amid unresolved structural issues in the examination system.

== Meta Platforms controversy ==
On the early morning of 28 July 2026 the Facebook version of the video became briefly unavailable to users in India. Access pages displayed a notice indicating that the content had been withheld in the region following a legal request. The restriction lasted a short period before the post was restored.

Meta Platforms stated that "The content was removed in error and has since been restored," attributing the incident to a technical glitch or error in automated content filters reviewing shared posts. Government sources described the company's explanation as "not reasonable" and indicated that the matter was "far from settled." The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) summoned Meta's global head of public policy and other senior executives, including those responsible for Instagram, seeking a detailed account and improvements to moderation tools. Meta reportedly offered measures such as ring-fencing high-profile accounts to prevent recurrence.

The episode drew political comment, with some Bharatiya Janata Party workers questioning the platform's authority to restrict content from the Prime Minister of India. It also coincided with broader parliamentary scrutiny: the Standing Committee on Communications and Information Technology scheduled discussions involving Meta, Google, X and Snapchat on digital platform regulation, privacy and public order.

== Aftermath ==
The Union Cabinet approved the draft legislation on or around 25 July 2026. On 27 July the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026 was introduced in the Lok Sabha by Minister of State Jitendra Singh. The bill amends the 2024 Act to strengthen deterrence against examination malpractices. Key provisions include:

* Imprisonment of five to ten years and fines up to ₹50 lakh for individuals using unfair means (increased from three to five years and ₹10 lakh);
* Higher penalties for organised crime and for service providers (fines up to ₹5–10 crore and extended debarment periods);
* Mandatory completion of investigations within two months, with provision for a Special Task Force;
* Designation of Special Fast Track Courts required to complete trials within three months of the charge-sheet, with day-to-day hearings and Special Public Prosecutors.

Dharmendra Pradhan resigned as Education Minister amid the continuing pressure. The CJP-led protests at Jantar Mantar were called off around 25 July after discussions with government representatives, with organisers stating that key demands on accountability, protection of protesters and dignity for affected families had been addressed or were under further negotiation.

The episode was widely reported as an example of political communication adapting to short-form vertical video platforms popular with younger demographics, while also highlighting ongoing tensions between Indian authorities and global technology companies over content moderation.

== See also ==
* [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test]]
* [[Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024]]
* [[Cockroach Janta Party]]
* [[Social media use by Narendra Modi]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [Official Instagram account of Narendra Modi]

[[Category:2026 in India]]
[[Category:Narendra Modi]]
[[Category:Internet memes]]
[[Category:Instagram]]
[[Category:Social media]]
[[Category:2026 controversies]]
[[Category:Education in India]]
[[Category:Videos]]

File:Hello Friend (Narendra Modi).mp4

2026-07-28T21:11:57Z

Simba:

Hello Friends (Narendra Modi video)

2026-07-28T20:58:19Z

Simba: Tweet

{{Short description|2026 Instagram and Facebook video by Narendra Modi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2026}}
{{Infobox storage medium
| name = Hello Friends
| logo =
| image =
| caption = Still from the video
| type = Social media video / [[Instagram Reel]]
| capacity =
| blocksize =
| read =
| write =
| standard =
| owner = [[Narendra Modi]]
| use = Political communication addressing youth on examination paper leaks
| dimensions =
| weight =
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{{Tweet
| name = Narendra Modi
| username = narendramodi
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| text = More strict actions against paper leaks to come in tomorrow’s Cabinet!
| date = July 23, 2026
| ID = 2080357811662492096
| image = Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed at world summit .jpg
| right = yes
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"'''Hello Friends'''" is a late-night selfie-style video message posted by Indian Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] on his official [[Instagram]] and [[Facebook]] accounts on the night of 23–24 July 2026. In the video, Modi addressed young Indians as "friends" regarding nationwide student protests over irregularities and paper leaks in the [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test|NEET-UG]] 2026 examination, outlining government actions already taken and announcing plans for stricter legislation and fast-track courts.

The video, Modi's first direct vertical-format outreach in this style to Gen Z audiences amid the protests, rapidly gained massive engagement. It crossed 303 million views on Instagram within 24 hours, setting a reported world record for the most-viewed Instagram Reel in that timeframe and surpassing the previous benchmark of approximately 300 million views held by streamer [[IShowSpeed]] for a clip featuring members of [[BTS]]. It also contributed to a surge of roughly one million new Instagram followers for Modi overnight, with his total rising from around 101 million to over 105 million within a week.

A follow-up video beginning with "Thank you friends" was posted the next day. The original video was briefly restricted on Facebook in the early hours of 28 July 2026; [[Meta Platforms]] attributed the action to a technical error or automated filter glitch, restored the content, and apologised. The Indian government rejected the explanation as inadequate and summoned senior Meta executives.

The video formed part of the broader government response to the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP)-led agitation, which culminated in the resignation of Education Minister [[Dharmendra Pradhan]] and the introduction of the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026.

== Background ==
The NEET-UG 2026 medical entrance examination, held in early May 2026, faced allegations of paper leaks and other irregularities, leading to its cancellation and the conduct of re-examinations for approximately 22 lakh candidates. Results of the re-examination were declared on 19 July 2026.

Student discontent crystallised into the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP), a youth-led movement founded by Abhijeet Dipke. The name derived from remarks by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant comparing certain unemployed youth to "cockroaches" and "parasites," which protesters reclaimed as a badge of identity. CJP organised sustained demonstrations, including a major sit-in at [[Jantar Mantar]], New Delhi, and a "Sansad Chalo" march toward Parliament on 20 July 2026. Primary demands included the resignation of Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan, accountability for examination authorities, compensation for families of students who died by suicide amid the controversy, and systemic reforms.

By late July the protest had entered its fourth and fifth weeks, with intermittent clashes involving Delhi Police, temporary internet restrictions in parts of central Delhi, and involvement of figures such as climate activist [[Sonam Wangchuk]], who undertook a hunger strike. Opposition parties and civil society groups amplified calls for ministerial accountability.

== Content of the video ==
Recorded in a casual, front-camera vertical format typical of Instagram Reels and posted around midnight, the video marked a departure from Modi's more formal addresses. Addressing viewers as "Friends," Modi acknowledged the distress caused by paper leaks:

"Friends, I know that paper leaks are not an ordinary matter. For lakhs of students and their parents, it is extremely painful."

He detailed steps taken over the preceding two-and-a-half months, including arrests of those involved (who were then in jail), and emphasised the priority of preventing loss of an academic year by rapidly organising re-examinations for around 22 lakh students. Results had been declared on 19 July, with reports of celebrations by successful candidates, yet the government remained unsatisfied.

Modi announced that he had directed departments that day to prepare a legal framework for fast-track courts and stringent punishments. A draft had been submitted late at night and would be placed before the Union Cabinet the following day. After incorporating ministerial suggestions, the measure would be finalised for introduction in Parliament the following week, with efforts to secure early passage.

The accompanying caption on social media stated: "More strict actions against paper leaks to come in tomorrow’s Cabinet!"

A second video, posted on 24 July and beginning with the words "Thank you friends," expressed gratitude for the response and "insightful suggestions" from young viewers. In it Modi said the bond with the youth would continue to strengthen and that their affection would remain with him.

== Reception and records ==
The initial video achieved exceptional reach. Within 24 hours it recorded over 303 million views on Instagram, establishing a new platform record for a single Reel in that period and overtaking IShowSpeed's previous mark of around 300 million views (from a clip of his meeting with BTS). Reports indicated the view count later exceeded 340–396 million. The video also attracted more than 16 million likes and approximately 1.5 million comments in the early phase.

Modi's Instagram follower count rose by roughly one million overnight (from approximately 101 million) and by about four million over the subsequent days and week, crossing 105 million. Commentators noted the resonance of the informal "Friends" address and Gen Z-oriented format among younger users, though some online reactions included humorous or critical memes referring to the Prime Minister in playful terms such as "Pookie PM."

CJP spokespersons and protesters offered mixed responses, with some viewing the outreach as evidence of pressure from the agitation while insisting that demands, particularly Pradhan's resignation, remained non-negotiable. Political supporters highlighted the direct communication with youth, while critics described it as a public-relations effort amid unresolved structural issues in the examination system.

== Meta Platforms controversy ==
On the early morning of 28 July 2026 the Facebook version of the video became briefly unavailable to users in India. Access pages displayed a notice indicating that the content had been withheld in the region following a legal request. The restriction lasted a short period before the post was restored.

Meta Platforms stated that "The content was removed in error and has since been restored," attributing the incident to a technical glitch or error in automated content filters reviewing shared posts. Government sources described the company's explanation as "not reasonable" and indicated that the matter was "far from settled." The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) summoned Meta's global head of public policy and other senior executives, including those responsible for Instagram, seeking a detailed account and improvements to moderation tools. Meta reportedly offered measures such as ring-fencing high-profile accounts to prevent recurrence.

The episode drew political comment, with some Bharatiya Janata Party workers questioning the platform's authority to restrict content from the Prime Minister of India. It also coincided with broader parliamentary scrutiny: the Standing Committee on Communications and Information Technology scheduled discussions involving Meta, Google, X and Snapchat on digital platform regulation, privacy and public order.

== Aftermath ==
The Union Cabinet approved the draft legislation on or around 25 July 2026. On 27 July the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026 was introduced in the Lok Sabha by Minister of State Jitendra Singh. The bill amends the 2024 Act to strengthen deterrence against examination malpractices. Key provisions include:

* Imprisonment of five to ten years and fines up to ₹50 lakh for individuals using unfair means (increased from three to five years and ₹10 lakh);
* Higher penalties for organised crime and for service providers (fines up to ₹5–10 crore and extended debarment periods);
* Mandatory completion of investigations within two months, with provision for a Special Task Force;
* Designation of Special Fast Track Courts required to complete trials within three months of the charge-sheet, with day-to-day hearings and Special Public Prosecutors.

Dharmendra Pradhan resigned as Education Minister amid the continuing pressure. The CJP-led protests at Jantar Mantar were called off around 25 July after discussions with government representatives, with organisers stating that key demands on accountability, protection of protesters and dignity for affected families had been addressed or were under further negotiation.

The episode was widely reported as an example of political communication adapting to short-form vertical video platforms popular with younger demographics, while also highlighting ongoing tensions between Indian authorities and global technology companies over content moderation.

== See also ==
* [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test]]
* [[Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024]]
* [[Cockroach Janta Party]]
* [[Social media use by Narendra Modi]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [Official Instagram account of Narendra Modi]

[[Category:2026 in India]]
[[Category:Narendra Modi]]
[[Category:Internet memes]]
[[Category:Instagram]]
[[Category:Social media]]
[[Category:2026 controversies]]
[[Category:Education in India]]
[[Category:Videos]]

Hello Friends (Narendra Modi video)

2026-07-28T20:37:42Z

Simba:

{{Short description|2026 Instagram and Facebook video by Narendra Modi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2026}}
{{Infobox storage medium
| name = Hello Friends
| logo =
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"'''Hello Friends'''" is a late-night selfie-style video message posted by Indian Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] on his official [[Instagram]] and [[Facebook]] accounts on the night of 23–24 July 2026. In the video, Modi addressed young Indians as "friends" regarding nationwide student protests over irregularities and paper leaks in the [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test|NEET-UG]] 2026 examination, outlining government actions already taken and announcing plans for stricter legislation and fast-track courts.

The video, Modi's first direct vertical-format outreach in this style to Gen Z audiences amid the protests, rapidly gained massive engagement. It crossed 303 million views on Instagram within 24 hours, setting a reported world record for the most-viewed Instagram Reel in that timeframe and surpassing the previous benchmark of approximately 300 million views held by streamer [[IShowSpeed]] for a clip featuring members of [[BTS]]. It also contributed to a surge of roughly one million new Instagram followers for Modi overnight, with his total rising from around 101 million to over 105 million within a week.

A follow-up video beginning with "Thank you friends" was posted the next day. The original video was briefly restricted on Facebook in the early hours of 28 July 2026; [[Meta Platforms]] attributed the action to a technical error or automated filter glitch, restored the content, and apologised. The Indian government rejected the explanation as inadequate and summoned senior Meta executives.

The video formed part of the broader government response to the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP)-led agitation, which culminated in the resignation of Education Minister [[Dharmendra Pradhan]] and the introduction of the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026.

== Background ==
The NEET-UG 2026 medical entrance examination, held in early May 2026, faced allegations of paper leaks and other irregularities, leading to its cancellation and the conduct of re-examinations for approximately 22 lakh candidates. Results of the re-examination were declared on 19 July 2026.

Student discontent crystallised into the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP), a youth-led movement founded by Abhijeet Dipke. The name derived from remarks by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant comparing certain unemployed youth to "cockroaches" and "parasites," which protesters reclaimed as a badge of identity. CJP organised sustained demonstrations, including a major sit-in at [[Jantar Mantar]], New Delhi, and a "Sansad Chalo" march toward Parliament on 20 July 2026. Primary demands included the resignation of Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan, accountability for examination authorities, compensation for families of students who died by suicide amid the controversy, and systemic reforms.

By late July the protest had entered its fourth and fifth weeks, with intermittent clashes involving Delhi Police, temporary internet restrictions in parts of central Delhi, and involvement of figures such as climate activist [[Sonam Wangchuk]], who undertook a hunger strike. Opposition parties and civil society groups amplified calls for ministerial accountability.

== Content of the video ==
Recorded in a casual, front-camera vertical format typical of Instagram Reels and posted around midnight, the video marked a departure from Modi's more formal addresses. Addressing viewers as "Friends," Modi acknowledged the distress caused by paper leaks:

"Friends, I know that paper leaks are not an ordinary matter. For lakhs of students and their parents, it is extremely painful."

He detailed steps taken over the preceding two-and-a-half months, including arrests of those involved (who were then in jail), and emphasised the priority of preventing loss of an academic year by rapidly organising re-examinations for around 22 lakh students. Results had been declared on 19 July, with reports of celebrations by successful candidates, yet the government remained unsatisfied.

Modi announced that he had directed departments that day to prepare a legal framework for fast-track courts and stringent punishments. A draft had been submitted late at night and would be placed before the Union Cabinet the following day. After incorporating ministerial suggestions, the measure would be finalised for introduction in Parliament the following week, with efforts to secure early passage.

The accompanying caption on social media stated: "More strict actions against paper leaks to come in tomorrow’s Cabinet!"

A second video, posted on 24 July and beginning with the words "Thank you friends," expressed gratitude for the response and "insightful suggestions" from young viewers. In it Modi said the bond with the youth would continue to strengthen and that their affection would remain with him.

== Reception and records ==
The initial video achieved exceptional reach. Within 24 hours it recorded over 303 million views on Instagram, establishing a new platform record for a single Reel in that period and overtaking IShowSpeed's previous mark of around 300 million views (from a clip of his meeting with BTS). Reports indicated the view count later exceeded 340–396 million. The video also attracted more than 16 million likes and approximately 1.5 million comments in the early phase.

Modi's Instagram follower count rose by roughly one million overnight (from approximately 101 million) and by about four million over the subsequent days and week, crossing 105 million. Commentators noted the resonance of the informal "Friends" address and Gen Z-oriented format among younger users, though some online reactions included humorous or critical memes referring to the Prime Minister in playful terms such as "Pookie PM."

CJP spokespersons and protesters offered mixed responses, with some viewing the outreach as evidence of pressure from the agitation while insisting that demands, particularly Pradhan's resignation, remained non-negotiable. Political supporters highlighted the direct communication with youth, while critics described it as a public-relations effort amid unresolved structural issues in the examination system.

== Meta Platforms controversy ==
On the early morning of 28 July 2026 the Facebook version of the video became briefly unavailable to users in India. Access pages displayed a notice indicating that the content had been withheld in the region following a legal request. The restriction lasted a short period before the post was restored.

Meta Platforms stated that "The content was removed in error and has since been restored," attributing the incident to a technical glitch or error in automated content filters reviewing shared posts. Government sources described the company's explanation as "not reasonable" and indicated that the matter was "far from settled." The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) summoned Meta's global head of public policy and other senior executives, including those responsible for Instagram, seeking a detailed account and improvements to moderation tools. Meta reportedly offered measures such as ring-fencing high-profile accounts to prevent recurrence.

The episode drew political comment, with some Bharatiya Janata Party workers questioning the platform's authority to restrict content from the Prime Minister of India. It also coincided with broader parliamentary scrutiny: the Standing Committee on Communications and Information Technology scheduled discussions involving Meta, Google, X and Snapchat on digital platform regulation, privacy and public order.

== Aftermath ==
The Union Cabinet approved the draft legislation on or around 25 July 2026. On 27 July the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026 was introduced in the Lok Sabha by Minister of State Jitendra Singh. The bill amends the 2024 Act to strengthen deterrence against examination malpractices. Key provisions include:

* Imprisonment of five to ten years and fines up to ₹50 lakh for individuals using unfair means (increased from three to five years and ₹10 lakh);
* Higher penalties for organised crime and for service providers (fines up to ₹5–10 crore and extended debarment periods);
* Mandatory completion of investigations within two months, with provision for a Special Task Force;
* Designation of Special Fast Track Courts required to complete trials within three months of the charge-sheet, with day-to-day hearings and Special Public Prosecutors.

Dharmendra Pradhan resigned as Education Minister amid the continuing pressure. The CJP-led protests at Jantar Mantar were called off around 25 July after discussions with government representatives, with organisers stating that key demands on accountability, protection of protesters and dignity for affected families had been addressed or were under further negotiation.

The episode was widely reported as an example of political communication adapting to short-form vertical video platforms popular with younger demographics, while also highlighting ongoing tensions between Indian authorities and global technology companies over content moderation.

== See also ==
* [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test]]
* [[Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024]]
* [[Cockroach Janta Party]]
* [[Social media use by Narendra Modi]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [Official Instagram account of Narendra Modi]

[[Category:2026 in India]]
[[Category:Narendra Modi]]
[[Category:Internet memes]]
[[Category:Instagram]]
[[Category:Social media]]
[[Category:2026 controversies]]
[[Category:Education in India]]
[[Category:Videos]]

Hello Friends (Narendra Modi video)

2026-07-28T20:34:29Z

Simba:

{{Short description|2026 Instagram and Facebook video by Narendra Modi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2026}}
{{Infobox media
| name = Hello Friends
| image = 
| caption = Screenshot from the video
| alt = Narendra Modi speaking in a selfie-style video
| type = [[Instagram Reel]] / Social media video
| creator = [[Narendra Modi]]
| released = 23–24 July 2026
| platform = {{Unbulleted list
| [[Instagram]]
| [[Facebook]]
}}
| runtime = Approximately 2–3 minutes
| language = Hindi
| views = {{Unbulleted list
| '''Instagram''': Over 303 million in 24 hours (record)
| Later exceeded 340–396 million
}}
| likes = Over 16 million (early count)
| followers impact = ~1 million new Instagram followers overnight
| subject = Response to NEET-UG 2026 paper leak protests
| format = Vertical selfie-style video
| country = India
}}

"'''Hello Friends'''" is a late-night selfie-style video message posted by Indian Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] on his official [[Instagram]] and [[Facebook]] accounts on the night of 23–24 July 2026. In the video, Modi addressed young Indians as "friends" regarding nationwide student protests over irregularities and paper leaks in the [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test|NEET-UG]] 2026 examination, outlining government actions already taken and announcing plans for stricter legislation and fast-track courts.

The video, Modi's first direct vertical-format outreach in this style to Gen Z audiences amid the protests, rapidly gained massive engagement. It crossed 303 million views on Instagram within 24 hours, setting a reported world record for the most-viewed Instagram Reel in that timeframe and surpassing the previous benchmark of approximately 300 million views held by streamer [[IShowSpeed]] for a clip featuring members of [[BTS]]. It also contributed to a surge of roughly one million new Instagram followers for Modi overnight, with his total rising from around 101 million to over 105 million within a week.

A follow-up video beginning with "Thank you friends" was posted the next day. The original video was briefly restricted on Facebook in the early hours of 28 July 2026; [[Meta Platforms]] attributed the action to a technical error or automated filter glitch, restored the content, and apologised. The Indian government rejected the explanation as inadequate and summoned senior Meta executives.

The video formed part of the broader government response to the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP)-led agitation, which culminated in the resignation of Education Minister [[Dharmendra Pradhan]] and the introduction of the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026.

== Background ==
The NEET-UG 2026 medical entrance examination, held in early May 2026, faced allegations of paper leaks and other irregularities, leading to its cancellation and the conduct of re-examinations for approximately 22 lakh candidates. Results of the re-examination were declared on 19 July 2026.

Student discontent crystallised into the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP), a youth-led movement founded by Abhijeet Dipke. The name derived from remarks by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant comparing certain unemployed youth to "cockroaches" and "parasites," which protesters reclaimed as a badge of identity. CJP organised sustained demonstrations, including a major sit-in at [[Jantar Mantar]], New Delhi, and a "Sansad Chalo" march toward Parliament on 20 July 2026. Primary demands included the resignation of Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan, accountability for examination authorities, compensation for families of students who died by suicide amid the controversy, and systemic reforms.

By late July the protest had entered its fourth and fifth weeks, with intermittent clashes involving Delhi Police, temporary internet restrictions in parts of central Delhi, and involvement of figures such as climate activist [[Sonam Wangchuk]], who undertook a hunger strike. Opposition parties and civil society groups amplified calls for ministerial accountability.

== Content of the video ==
Recorded in a casual, front-camera vertical format typical of Instagram Reels and posted around midnight, the video marked a departure from Modi's more formal addresses. Addressing viewers as "Friends," Modi acknowledged the distress caused by paper leaks:

"Friends, I know that paper leaks are not an ordinary matter. For lakhs of students and their parents, it is extremely painful."

He detailed steps taken over the preceding two-and-a-half months, including arrests of those involved (who were then in jail), and emphasised the priority of preventing loss of an academic year by rapidly organising re-examinations for around 22 lakh students. Results had been declared on 19 July, with reports of celebrations by successful candidates, yet the government remained unsatisfied.

Modi announced that he had directed departments that day to prepare a legal framework for fast-track courts and stringent punishments. A draft had been submitted late at night and would be placed before the Union Cabinet the following day. After incorporating ministerial suggestions, the measure would be finalised for introduction in Parliament the following week, with efforts to secure early passage.

The accompanying caption on social media stated: "More strict actions against paper leaks to come in tomorrow’s Cabinet!"

A second video, posted on 24 July and beginning with the words "Thank you friends," expressed gratitude for the response and "insightful suggestions" from young viewers. In it Modi said the bond with the youth would continue to strengthen and that their affection would remain with him.

== Reception and records ==
The initial video achieved exceptional reach. Within 24 hours it recorded over 303 million views on Instagram, establishing a new platform record for a single Reel in that period and overtaking IShowSpeed's previous mark of around 300 million views (from a clip of his meeting with BTS). Reports indicated the view count later exceeded 340–396 million. The video also attracted more than 16 million likes and approximately 1.5 million comments in the early phase.

Modi's Instagram follower count rose by roughly one million overnight (from approximately 101 million) and by about four million over the subsequent days and week, crossing 105 million. Commentators noted the resonance of the informal "Friends" address and Gen Z-oriented format among younger users, though some online reactions included humorous or critical memes referring to the Prime Minister in playful terms such as "Pookie PM."

CJP spokespersons and protesters offered mixed responses, with some viewing the outreach as evidence of pressure from the agitation while insisting that demands, particularly Pradhan's resignation, remained non-negotiable. Political supporters highlighted the direct communication with youth, while critics described it as a public-relations effort amid unresolved structural issues in the examination system.

== Meta Platforms controversy ==
On the early morning of 28 July 2026 the Facebook version of the video became briefly unavailable to users in India. Access pages displayed a notice indicating that the content had been withheld in the region following a legal request. The restriction lasted a short period before the post was restored.

Meta Platforms stated that "The content was removed in error and has since been restored," attributing the incident to a technical glitch or error in automated content filters reviewing shared posts. Government sources described the company's explanation as "not reasonable" and indicated that the matter was "far from settled." The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) summoned Meta's global head of public policy and other senior executives, including those responsible for Instagram, seeking a detailed account and improvements to moderation tools. Meta reportedly offered measures such as ring-fencing high-profile accounts to prevent recurrence.

The episode drew political comment, with some Bharatiya Janata Party workers questioning the platform's authority to restrict content from the Prime Minister of India. It also coincided with broader parliamentary scrutiny: the Standing Committee on Communications and Information Technology scheduled discussions involving Meta, Google, X and Snapchat on digital platform regulation, privacy and public order.

== Aftermath ==
The Union Cabinet approved the draft legislation on or around 25 July 2026. On 27 July the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026 was introduced in the Lok Sabha by Minister of State Jitendra Singh. The bill amends the 2024 Act to strengthen deterrence against examination malpractices. Key provisions include:

* Imprisonment of five to ten years and fines up to ₹50 lakh for individuals using unfair means (increased from three to five years and ₹10 lakh);
* Higher penalties for organised crime and for service providers (fines up to ₹5–10 crore and extended debarment periods);
* Mandatory completion of investigations within two months, with provision for a Special Task Force;
* Designation of Special Fast Track Courts required to complete trials within three months of the charge-sheet, with day-to-day hearings and Special Public Prosecutors.

Dharmendra Pradhan resigned as Education Minister amid the continuing pressure. The CJP-led protests at Jantar Mantar were called off around 25 July after discussions with government representatives, with organisers stating that key demands on accountability, protection of protesters and dignity for affected families had been addressed or were under further negotiation.

The episode was widely reported as an example of political communication adapting to short-form vertical video platforms popular with younger demographics, while also highlighting ongoing tensions between Indian authorities and global technology companies over content moderation.

== See also ==
* [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test]]
* [[Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024]]
* [[Cockroach Janta Party]]
* [[Social media use by Narendra Modi]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [Official Instagram account of Narendra Modi]

[[Category:2026 in India]]
[[Category:Narendra Modi]]
[[Category:Internet memes]]
[[Category:Instagram]]
[[Category:Social media]]
[[Category:2026 controversies]]
[[Category:Education in India]]
[[Category:Videos]]

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Hello Friends (Narendra Modi video)

2026-07-28T20:31:41Z

Simba: Hello Friends

{{Short description|2026 Instagram and Facebook video by Narendra Modi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2026}}

{{Infobox media
| name = Hello Friends
| image =
| caption = Screenshot from the video
| alt =
| director =
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| starring = [[Narendra Modi]]
| music =
| cinematography =
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| distributor = [[Instagram]], [[Facebook]]
| released = 23 July 2026
| runtime = Approximately 2–3 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross =
}}

"'''Hello Friends'''" is a late-night selfie-style video message posted by Indian Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] on his official [[Instagram]] and [[Facebook]] accounts on the night of 23–24 July 2026. In the video, Modi addressed young Indians as "friends" regarding nationwide student protests over irregularities and paper leaks in the [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test|NEET-UG]] 2026 examination, outlining government actions already taken and announcing plans for stricter legislation and fast-track courts.

The video, Modi's first direct vertical-format outreach in this style to Gen Z audiences amid the protests, rapidly gained massive engagement. It crossed 303 million views on Instagram within 24 hours, setting a reported world record for the most-viewed Instagram Reel in that timeframe and surpassing the previous benchmark of approximately 300 million views held by streamer [[IShowSpeed]] for a clip featuring members of [[BTS]]. It also contributed to a surge of roughly one million new Instagram followers for Modi overnight, with his total rising from around 101 million to over 105 million within a week.

A follow-up video beginning with "Thank you friends" was posted the next day. The original video was briefly restricted on Facebook in the early hours of 28 July 2026; [[Meta Platforms]] attributed the action to a technical error or automated filter glitch, restored the content, and apologised. The Indian government rejected the explanation as inadequate and summoned senior Meta executives.

The video formed part of the broader government response to the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP)-led agitation, which culminated in the resignation of Education Minister [[Dharmendra Pradhan]] and the introduction of the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026.

== Background ==
The NEET-UG 2026 medical entrance examination, held in early May 2026, faced allegations of paper leaks and other irregularities, leading to its cancellation and the conduct of re-examinations for approximately 22 lakh candidates. Results of the re-examination were declared on 19 July 2026.

Student discontent crystallised into the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP), a youth-led movement founded by Abhijeet Dipke. The name derived from remarks by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant comparing certain unemployed youth to "cockroaches" and "parasites," which protesters reclaimed as a badge of identity. CJP organised sustained demonstrations, including a major sit-in at [[Jantar Mantar]], New Delhi, and a "Sansad Chalo" march toward Parliament on 20 July 2026. Primary demands included the resignation of Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan, accountability for examination authorities, compensation for families of students who died by suicide amid the controversy, and systemic reforms.

By late July the protest had entered its fourth and fifth weeks, with intermittent clashes involving Delhi Police, temporary internet restrictions in parts of central Delhi, and involvement of figures such as climate activist [[Sonam Wangchuk]], who undertook a hunger strike. Opposition parties and civil society groups amplified calls for ministerial accountability.

== Content of the video ==
Recorded in a casual, front-camera vertical format typical of Instagram Reels and posted around midnight, the video marked a departure from Modi's more formal addresses. Addressing viewers as "Friends," Modi acknowledged the distress caused by paper leaks:

"Friends, I know that paper leaks are not an ordinary matter. For lakhs of students and their parents, it is extremely painful."

He detailed steps taken over the preceding two-and-a-half months, including arrests of those involved (who were then in jail), and emphasised the priority of preventing loss of an academic year by rapidly organising re-examinations for around 22 lakh students. Results had been declared on 19 July, with reports of celebrations by successful candidates, yet the government remained unsatisfied.

Modi announced that he had directed departments that day to prepare a legal framework for fast-track courts and stringent punishments. A draft had been submitted late at night and would be placed before the Union Cabinet the following day. After incorporating ministerial suggestions, the measure would be finalised for introduction in Parliament the following week, with efforts to secure early passage.

The accompanying caption on social media stated: "More strict actions against paper leaks to come in tomorrow’s Cabinet!"

A second video, posted on 24 July and beginning with the words "Thank you friends," expressed gratitude for the response and "insightful suggestions" from young viewers. In it Modi said the bond with the youth would continue to strengthen and that their affection would remain with him.

== Reception and records ==
The initial video achieved exceptional reach. Within 24 hours it recorded over 303 million views on Instagram, establishing a new platform record for a single Reel in that period and overtaking IShowSpeed's previous mark of around 300 million views (from a clip of his meeting with BTS). Reports indicated the view count later exceeded 340–396 million. The video also attracted more than 16 million likes and approximately 1.5 million comments in the early phase.

Modi's Instagram follower count rose by roughly one million overnight (from approximately 101 million) and by about four million over the subsequent days and week, crossing 105 million. Commentators noted the resonance of the informal "Friends" address and Gen Z-oriented format among younger users, though some online reactions included humorous or critical memes referring to the Prime Minister in playful terms such as "Pookie PM."

CJP spokespersons and protesters offered mixed responses, with some viewing the outreach as evidence of pressure from the agitation while insisting that demands, particularly Pradhan's resignation, remained non-negotiable. Political supporters highlighted the direct communication with youth, while critics described it as a public-relations effort amid unresolved structural issues in the examination system.

== Meta Platforms controversy ==
On the early morning of 28 July 2026 the Facebook version of the video became briefly unavailable to users in India. Access pages displayed a notice indicating that the content had been withheld in the region following a legal request. The restriction lasted a short period before the post was restored.

Meta Platforms stated that "The content was removed in error and has since been restored," attributing the incident to a technical glitch or error in automated content filters reviewing shared posts. Government sources described the company's explanation as "not reasonable" and indicated that the matter was "far from settled." The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) summoned Meta's global head of public policy and other senior executives, including those responsible for Instagram, seeking a detailed account and improvements to moderation tools. Meta reportedly offered measures such as ring-fencing high-profile accounts to prevent recurrence.

The episode drew political comment, with some Bharatiya Janata Party workers questioning the platform's authority to restrict content from the Prime Minister of India. It also coincided with broader parliamentary scrutiny: the Standing Committee on Communications and Information Technology scheduled discussions involving Meta, Google, X and Snapchat on digital platform regulation, privacy and public order.

== Aftermath ==
The Union Cabinet approved the draft legislation on or around 25 July 2026. On 27 July the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026 was introduced in the Lok Sabha by Minister of State Jitendra Singh. The bill amends the 2024 Act to strengthen deterrence against examination malpractices. Key provisions include:

* Imprisonment of five to ten years and fines up to ₹50 lakh for individuals using unfair means (increased from three to five years and ₹10 lakh);
* Higher penalties for organised crime and for service providers (fines up to ₹5–10 crore and extended debarment periods);
* Mandatory completion of investigations within two months, with provision for a Special Task Force;
* Designation of Special Fast Track Courts required to complete trials within three months of the charge-sheet, with day-to-day hearings and Special Public Prosecutors.

Dharmendra Pradhan resigned as Education Minister amid the continuing pressure. The CJP-led protests at Jantar Mantar were called off around 25 July after discussions with government representatives, with organisers stating that key demands on accountability, protection of protesters and dignity for affected families had been addressed or were under further negotiation.

The episode was widely reported as an example of political communication adapting to short-form vertical video platforms popular with younger demographics, while also highlighting ongoing tensions between Indian authorities and global technology companies over content moderation.

== See also ==
* [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test]]
* [[Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024]]
* [[Cockroach Janta Party]]
* [[Social media use by Narendra Modi]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [Official Instagram account of Narendra Modi]

[[Category:2026 in India]]
[[Category:Narendra Modi]]
[[Category:Internet memes]]
[[Category:Instagram]]
[[Category:Social media]]
[[Category:2026 controversies]]
[[Category:Education in India]]
[[Category:Videos]]

Template:Infobox rocket/payload

2026-07-18T18:37:49Z

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Template:Infobox rocket/payload

2026-07-18T18:36:41Z

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Template:Infobox rocket/Payload

2026-07-18T18:36:30Z

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#REDIRECT [[Template:Infobox rocket/payload]]

Vikram-1

2026-07-18T18:35:36Z

Simba: Vikram-1

{{Short description|Indian small-lift launch vehicle developed by Skyroot Aerospace}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2026}}
{{Infobox Rocket
| name = Vikram-1
| image = [[File:Skyroot’s Vikram-I on the Launch Pad at SDSC SHAR.webp|290px]]
| caption = Vikram-I on the First Launch Pad at SDSC SHAR
| function = [[Small-lift launch vehicle]]
| manufacturer = [[Skyroot Aerospace]]
| country-origin = India
| cpl =
| height = {{cvt|24|m}}
| diameter =
| mass =
| stages = 4
| capacities =
{{infobox rocket/Payload
| location = [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] (500 km @ 45° inclination)
| mass = I:{{cvt|350|kg}} IU:{{cvt|550|kg}}
}}
{{Infobox rocket/Payload
| location = [[Polar orbit|SSPO]] (500 km)
| mass = {{cvt|260|kg}}
}}
| status = Active
| sites = {{ubil
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]]
| [[SSLV Launch Complex]]
}}
| launches = 1
| success = 1
| fail =
| partial =
| first =
| last =
| payloads =
| stagedata =
{{Infobox rocket/stage
| type = stage
| stageno = First
| engines = Kalam 1200
| length =
| diameter =
| solid = yes
| thrust = {{cvt|1000|kN}}
| burntime =
| SI =
| fuel = Solid
| empty =
| gross =
| propmass =
}}
{{Infobox rocket/stage
| type = stage
| stageno = Second
| length =
| diameter =
| engines = Kalam 250
| thrust = {{cvt|250|kN}}
| SI =
| burntime =
| fuel = Solid
| empty =
| gross =
| propmass =
}}
{{Infobox rocket/stage
| type = stage
| stageno = Third
| length =
| diameter =
| engines = Kalam 100
| solid = yes
| thrust = {{cvt|100|kN}}
| SI =
| burntime =
| fuel = Solid
| empty =
| gross =
| propmass =
}}
{{Infobox rocket/stage
| type = stage
| stageno = Fourth
| length =
| diameter =
| engines = 4 x [[Raman (rocket engine)|Raman-I]]
| thrust = {{cvt|3.4|kN}}
| SI =
| burntime =
| fuel = [[N2O4]]/[[Monomethylhydrazine|MMH]]
| empty =
| gross =
| propmass =
}}
| comparable = {{flatlist|
* [[Agnibaan]]
* [[Firefly Alpha|Alpha]]
* [[Rocket Lab Electron|Electron]]
* [[Small Satellite Launch Vehicle|SSLV]]}}
}}

'''Vikram-1''' ([[Sanskrit]], {{literally|Brave}}; [[Namesake]]: [[Vikram Sarabhai]], also referred to as '''Vikram-I''') is a four-stage [[Expendable launch system|expendable]] [[small-lift launch vehicle]] developed by [[Skyroot Aerospace]]. The vehicle employs [[Solid-propellant rocket|solid propulsion]] for its first three stages, while its final stage is powered by a [[Liquid-propellant rocket|liquid engine]]. Its maiden mission, designated '''Aagaman''', was launched on 18 July 2026 and successfully completed its flight objectives.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Foust |first=Jeff |date=2026-07-18 |title=Skyroot Aerospace reaches orbit on first Vikram-1 launch |url=https://spacenews.com/skyroot-aerospace-reaches-orbit-on-first-vikram-1-launch/ |access-date=2026-07-18 |website=SpaceNews |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Development ==
[[File:Vikram-1.svg|thumb|left|upright=0.35|Schematic representation of Vikram-I]]

[[Skyroot Aerospace]] officially introduced the Vikram-1 launch vehicle in October 2023 during an event held at its MAX-Q headquarters in [[Hyderabad]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thathoo |first=Chetan |date=2023-10-24 |title=Shooting For The Stars: Skyroot Unveils Orbital Rocket Vikram-I At Its New HQ In Hyderabad |url=https://inc42.com/buzz/shooting-for-the-moon-skyroot-unveils-orbital-rocket-vikram-i-at-its-new-hq-in-hyderabad/ |access-date=2026-05-24 |website=Inc42 Media |language=en}}</ref> According to the company, the rocket was designed to address the increasing demand for launches within the global [[small satellite]] market.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Skyroot {{!}} On-Demand Space Launch Vehicles |url=https://www.skyroot.in/ |access-date=2026-07-18 |website=www.skyroot.in |language=en}}</ref>

Development of Vikram-1 followed the successful flight of the [[Vikram-S]] suborbital demonstrator in November 2022. That mission made Skyroot the first privately owned Indian company to launch a rocket from facilities operated by [[ISRO]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=India successfully launches Vikram-S, first privately made rocket |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/11/18/india-successfully-launches-vikram-s-first-privately-made-rocket |access-date=2026-05-24 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref>

In May 2022, the company carried out a full-duration static firing test of the Kalam-100 solid rocket stage, one of the propulsion elements intended for Vikram-1.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Alamalhodaei |first=Aria |date=2022-05-20 |title=Skyroot successfully completes full-duration stage test |url=https://techcrunch.com/2022/05/20/indian-launch-startup-skyroot-successfully-completes-full-duration-stage-test/ |access-date=2026-05-24 |website=TechCrunch |language=en-US}}</ref> Further qualification activities, including avionics validation and stage separation testing, were conducted during 2024 and 2025.<ref name=":0" />

In November 2025, Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] unveiled the flight-ready version of Vikram-1 while inaugurating Skyroot's Infinity Campus in Hyderabad.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PM Modi to inaugurate Skyroot's Infinity Campus, unveil Vikram-I Orbital Rocket today |url=https://ddnews.gov.in/en/pm-to-inaugurate-skyroots-infinity-campus-unveil-vikram-i-orbital-rocket-on-november-27/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251208154942/https://ddnews.gov.in/en/pm-to-inaugurate-skyroots-infinity-campus-unveil-vikram-i-orbital-rocket-on-november-27/ |archive-date=2025-12-08 |access-date=2026-05-24 |website=ddnews.gov.in |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Design ==
Vikram-1 is a four-stage orbital launch vehicle measuring about 20 metres in height and 1.7 metres in diameter.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-26 |title=Skyroot readies Vikram-1 for India's first private orbital launch - Manufacturing Today India |url=https://www.manufacturingtodayindia.com/skyroot-readies-vikram-1-for-indias-first-private-orbital-launch |access-date=2026-05-24 |language=en-US}}</ref> Solid propulsion is used for the first three stages, whereas the upper kick stage is powered by a liquid propulsion system that performs orbital insertion and subsequent orbital adjustment manoeuvres.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=India's Skyroot launches Vikram-1 in first private orbital rocket mission |url=https://www.reuters.com/science/indias-skyroot-launches-vikram-1-first-private-orbital-rocket-mission-2026-07-18/}}</ref>

The vehicle is finished with a blue first stage, while the remaining three stages are painted white.<ref name=":0">{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-lLd1cI7v0U |title=Vikram-1 {{!}} Test Flight-1 {{!}} Skyroot {{!}} Mission Aagaman{{!}} India's First Private Orbital Rocket Launch |date=2026-07-16 |last=Skyroot Aerospace |access-date=2026-07-18 |via=YouTube}}</ref>

Its structure makes extensive use of [[Carbon-fiber reinforced polymer|carbon-composite]] airframes to reduce overall weight. According to Skyroot, the rocket also incorporates [[3D printing|3D-printed]] liquid engines together with a modular avionics architecture.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Skyroot Aerospace and Dhawan-II's More Powerful 3D-Printed Cryogenic Engine |url=https://www.cryogenicsociety.org/index.php?option=com_dailyplanetblog&view=entry&category=industry-news&id=178:skyroot-aerospace-and-dhawan-ii-s-more-powerful-3d-printed-cryogenic-engine |access-date=2026-05-24 |website=www.cryogenicsociety.org}}</ref>

The Kalam 250 stage is equipped with [[Thrust vectoring|thrust vector control]] to steer the vehicle during flight, while the upper stage employs [[Reaction control system|reaction control system (RCS)]] thrusters to maintain and adjust its attitude.<ref name=":0" />

Skyroot describes Vikram-1 as a responsive launch vehicle intended for rapid integration and launch, with relatively low ground infrastructure requirements.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MSN |url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/insight/skyroot-aerospace-nears-maiden-orbital-rocket-launch-milestone/gm-GMCAD8DC86?gemSnapshotKey=GMCAD8DC86-snapshot-3&uxmode=ruby |access-date=2026-05-24 |website=www.msn.com}}</ref> The launcher is designed to support both dedicated payload missions and rideshare launches.<ref name=":3" />

== Launch history ==
The inaugural mission of Vikram-1, named '''Aagaman''' ([[Sanskrit]], 'Arrival'), was launched on 18 July 2026. During the flight, the vehicle successfully deployed several miniaturized satellites into low Earth orbit, marking the first successful orbital launch by the rocket.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2026-07-17 |title='The dawn of a new space era': Vikram-1, India's 1st private orbital rocket, aces debut launch |url=https://www.space.com/space-exploration/launches-spacecraft/skyroot-aerospace-india-first-private-orbital-launch-vikram-1 |access-date=2026-07-18 |website=Space |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-11 |title=With Skyroot at the head of the class, India's private space industry seeks to take off |url=https://arstechnica.com/space/2026/05/with-skyroot-at-the-head-of-the-class-indias-private-space-industry-seeks-to-take-off/ |access-date=2026-05-20 |website=Ars Technica |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/skyroot-vikram-1-mission-aagaman-indias-1st-private-rocket-lifts-off-for-historic-mission-from-sriharikota-11787468
|title=Hello Space, Vikram-1 Has Arrived: Skyroot Scripts India's Historic Rocket Mission|date=2026-07-18|access-date=2026-07-18|website=NDTV|language=en}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width: 100%;"
|-
! scope="col" | Date / time ([[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]])
! scope="col" | Flight
! scope="col" | Rocket (Configuration)
! scope="col" | Launch site
! scope="col" | Payload
! scope="col" | Orbit
! scope="col" | Status
|-
| rowspan="2" |18 July 2026 06:35:30
| Aagaman
| Vikram-1
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|Satish Dhawan]] FLP
|{{plainlist|
*{{flagicon|India}} SCOPE
*{{flagicon|India}} SOLARAS S3
}}
| [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]]
| {{Success}}
|-
| colspan="7" |The maiden flight of Vikram-1 also carried Cosmoserve Space's robotic arm '''Embrace''' and hosted an in-orbit technology demonstration by the [[Germany|German]] company DCUBED on the vehicle's upper stage. The mission successfully achieved orbit on the rocket's first launch attempt.<ref name=":1" />
|-
| rowspan="2" |Q1 2027
| TBA
| Vikram-1U
| [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|Satish Dhawan]]
| {{flagicon|India}} TBA
| [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]]
| {{Planned}}
|-
| colspan="7" |The first flight of the Vikram-1U configuration, an upgraded version of Vikram-1 equipped with additional solid rocket boosters, is planned for the first quarter of 2027.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Foust |first=Jeff |date=2026-07-08 |title=Skyroot prepares for first orbital launch attempt |url=https://spacenews.com/skyroot-prepares-for-first-orbital-launch-attempt/ |access-date=2026-07-17 |website=SpaceNews |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|}

== See also ==
* [[Vikram-2]]
* [[Small Satellite Launch Vehicle|SSLV]]
* [[Agnibaan]]
* [[Space industry of India]]
* [[List of Vikram launches]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://skyroot.in/}}

{{Expendable launch systems}}
{{Indian space programme}}

[[Category:Expendable space launch systems]]
[[Category:Vehicles introduced in 2026]]
[[Category:Indian inventions]]

Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib

2026-07-02T16:37:38Z

Simba:

{{Short description|Historic Sikh gurdwara in Punjab, Pakistan}}

{{Infobox building
| name = Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib
| native_name = {{nq|گردوارہ سری گرو سنگھ سبھا صاحب}} ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਭਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ
| image = Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib demolition 2026.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| caption = Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib before its partial demolition in 2026
| location_town = [[Farooqabad]] (formerly Chuharkana), [[Sheikhupura District]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]]
| location_country = [[Pakistan]]
| construction_start_date = c. 1900–1901
| architectural_style = [[Sikh architecture]]
}}

'''Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib''',{{efn|[[Shahmukhi]]: {{Nastaliq|گردوارہ سری گرو سنگھ سبھا صاحب}} [[Gurmukhi]]: ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਭਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ}} also known simply as '''Gurdwara Singh Sabha''', is a historic [[gurdwara]] located in [[Farooqabad]] (formerly Chuharkana), [[Sheikhupura District]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]. Constructed around the beginning of the 20th century, the shrine is associated with the [[Singh Sabha movement]], the Sikh reform movement that emerged in the late nineteenth century and played a significant role in the revival of Sikh religious and educational institutions.<ref name="HT">{{cite news |title=What to know about 125-year-old Gurdwara Singh Sabha demolished in Pakistan |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/what-to-know-about-125-year-old-gurdwara-singh-sabha-demolished-in-pakistan-punjab-india-condemns-act-101782962592295.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=2 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NDTV">{{cite news |title=Pakistan's 125-year-old Gurdwara was demolished. Here's its story |url=https://www.ndtv.com/lifestyle/pakistans-125-year-old-gurdwara-was-demolished-here-is-its-story-11716666 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The gurdwara stands close to [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]], one of the principal shrines associated with [[Guru Nanak]], and historically served the Sikh community of Chuharkana before the [[Partition of India]] in 1947.<ref name="ToI">{{cite news |title=125-year-old gurdwara demolished in Pakistan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistan/articleshow/132075211.cms |work=The Times of India |date=30 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Tribune">{{cite news |title=125-year-old Gurdwara demolished by businessman without permission; restoration ordered |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/pakistan/125-year-old-gurdwara-singh-sabha-demolished-in-pakistan-by-businessman-without-permission-restoration-ordered/ |work=The Tribune |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The shrine attracted international attention in June 2026 after portions of the historic structure were demolished during an alleged illegal demolition, prompting protests by Sikh organisations, condemnation by the [[Government of India]], and assurances from Pakistani authorities that the gurdwara would be restored.<ref name="ET">{{cite news |title=India condemns demolition of 125-year-old Gurdwara in Pakistan, seeks restoration |url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/new-updates/india-condemns-demolition-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-in-pakistan-seeks-restoration/articleshow/132140477.cms |work=The Economic Times |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

==Location==

The gurdwara is situated in the town of '''Farooqabad''', historically known as '''Chuharkana''', in [[Sheikhupura District]] of Pakistan's Punjab province. The town lies approximately 35 kilometres west of [[Nankana Sahib]] and is closely associated with Sikh history owing to the presence of [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]], where [[Guru Nanak]] is believed to have performed the episode known as ''Sacha Sauda'' ("True Bargain").<ref name="NDTV" />

Located only a short distance from Gurdwara Sacha Sauda, Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib formed part of the historic Sikh religious landscape of the town during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.<ref name="ToI" />

==Significance==

The gurdwara derives its historical importance from its association with the '''[[Singh Sabha movement]]''', a reform movement founded in 1873 that sought to revive Sikh religious institutions, promote Punjabi education in the [[Gurmukhi]] script, standardise Sikh practices, and strengthen Sikh identity during the colonial period.<ref name="NDTV" />

Constructed approximately 125 years before its demolition in 2026, the shrine became a local centre for Sikh religious and community activities and was regarded as one of the surviving pre-Partition Sikh monuments in Farooqabad.<ref name="HT" />

Following the Partition of India in 1947 and the migration of the town's Sikh population, the gurdwara ceased functioning as an active place of worship but continued to survive as an important reminder of the region's Sikh heritage.<ref name="NDTV" />

==History==

===Construction===

Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib was established around 1900–1901 during the expansion of the Singh Sabha movement across undivided Punjab. Contemporary reports describe the building as approximately 125 years old, with its year of construction reportedly inscribed above the main entrance.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="Hindu">{{cite news |title=Historic Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan's Punjab |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/historic-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistans-punjab-sikh-community-protests/article71173204.ece |work=The Hindu |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The shrine served the Sikh residents of Chuharkana during the late colonial period, when the town possessed a vibrant Sikh community and several religious institutions connected with the life of Guru Nanak.<ref name="NIE">{{cite news |title=125-year-old Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan; Sikh groups seek intervention |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2026/Jul/02/125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistan-mea-condemns-act-sikh-groups-seek-intervention |work=The New Indian Express |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

===After Partition===

Following the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, the Sikh population of Farooqabad migrated to India, leaving the gurdwara without a resident congregation. According to later reports, the property was subsequently occupied for residential purposes, while the historic structure largely remained standing for decades despite neglect.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="Hindu" />

Despite no longer functioning as an active gurdwara, the building continued to be recognised by Sikh organisations as a significant historic monument because of its connection with the Singh Sabha movement and its proximity to Gurdwara Sacha Sauda.<ref name="HT" />

==Demolition==

[[File:125-Year-Old Gurdwara Singh Sabha Demolished In Pakistan.jpeg|thumb|The gurdwara after portions of the historic structure were demolished in June 2026.]]

During the night of 24–25 June 2026, substantial portions of Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib were demolished by heavy machinery, reportedly at the direction of a local businessman seeking to redevelop the property.<ref name="NDTV_News">{{cite news |title=Pakistani businessman demolishes 125-year-old Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib in Farooqabad, sparks protest |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/pakistani-businessman-demolishes-125-year-old-gurdwara-sri-guru-singh-sabha-sahib-in-farooqabad-sparks-protest-11715534 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="Hindu" />

According to Pakistani authorities, the demolition was carried out without approval from the relevant government departments. Initial reports indicated that most of the historic building had been razed, leaving only sections of the front façade and boundary walls standing. The demolition attracted widespread attention after photographs and videos circulated on social media showing rubble scattered across the site and construction machinery operating within the compound.<ref name="NIE" /><ref name="IndiaToday">{{cite news |title=Historic 125-year-old Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pakistan-news-historic-125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-pakistan-punjab-lhore-mea-reaction-2939213-2026-07-02 |work=India Today |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

Reports stated that the businessman had allegedly purchased or occupied part of the surrounding property and intended to replace the historic structure with a commercial complex. Local Sikh representatives disputed the legality of the demolition and argued that the shrine was a historic religious monument that should have been protected irrespective of ownership claims.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="HT" />

The incident was widely condemned by Sikh organisations in Pakistan and abroad, who described the demolition as an attack on Sikh religious heritage. Community leaders demanded criminal proceedings against those responsible and called for the complete reconstruction of the shrine using its original architectural design.<ref name="Hindu" />

===Government response===

Soon after the incident became public, officials of the [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]] (ETPB), the [[Punjab Police (Pakistan)|Punjab Police]], and the district administration visited the site to assess the damage. Pakistani authorities stated that the demolition had been undertaken without official permission and ordered an inquiry into the incident.<ref name="NDTV_News" />

Police arrested several individuals in connection with the demolition, including the businessman alleged to have organised the operation. Officials also announced that the demolished portions of the shrine would be reconstructed under government supervision.<ref name="Pragativadi">{{cite news |title=Pakistan orders restoration after demolition of historic Sikh shrine |url=https://www.pragativadi.com/pakistan-announces-restoration-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-after-india-condemns-demolition/ |work=Pragativadi |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]] stated that the restoration would seek to preserve the historic appearance of the gurdwara and that action would be taken against those found responsible for violating heritage and property regulations.<ref name="Hindu" />

==Reactions==
{{Tweet
| name = Randhir Jaiswal
| username = MEAIndia
| text = Our response to media queries regarding reported demolition of 125-year-old Gurdwara in Pakistan ⬇️
| date = 1 July 2026
| ID = 2072315705840771575
}}

The demolition prompted condemnation from Sikh organisations, heritage activists and political leaders in India and Pakistan.

The [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)]] described the demolition as a "highly deplorable and targeted act of vandalism" and urged the Government of Pakistan to ensure the immediate restoration of the shrine and take strict action against those responsible. The ministry further stated that the incident reflected a broader pattern of attacks on the religious heritage of minority communities in Pakistan.<ref name="ET" /><ref name="NDTV_Slams">{{cite news |title=Highly deplorable: India slams demolition of 125-year-old Pakistan gurdwara |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/highly-deplorable-india-slams-demolition-of-125-year-old-pak-gurdwara-11714884 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The [[Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee]] (DSGMC) condemned the demolition and appealed to international organisations, including [[UNESCO]], to intervene for the protection of Sikh religious heritage in Pakistan.<ref name="ANI">{{cite news |title=Regrettable: Delhi minister Manjinder Singh Sirsa condemns demolition of 125-year-old gurdwara in Pakistan |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/regrettable-delhi-minister-manjinder-singh-sirsa-condemns-demolition-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-in-pakistan20260702142624 |work=ANI |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

Several Sikh organisations within Pakistan also expressed concern over the destruction of the shrine and urged the authorities to strengthen legal protections for historic gurdwaras and other minority religious sites.<ref name="Hindu" />

==Conservation and restoration==

Following public criticism and diplomatic protests, Pakistani authorities announced that the demolished portions of Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib would be reconstructed. Officials from the Evacuee Trust Property Board stated that restoration work would be undertaken under official supervision and that legal proceedings would continue against those accused of carrying out the demolition.<ref name="Pragativadi" />

The incident renewed debate regarding the preservation of Sikh religious heritage in Pakistan and highlighted concerns about the protection of historic places of worship that no longer serve active congregations but remain culturally and historically significant.<ref name="HT" />

==See also==

* [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]]
* [[Gurdwara Janam Asthan]]
* [[Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur]]
* [[Singh Sabha movement]]
* [[Sikhism in Pakistan]]
* [[Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee]]
* [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]]

==Notes==

{{notelist}}

==References==

{{reflist|30em}}

[[Category:Gurdwaras in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Sikh architecture]]
[[Category:Sikhism in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Sheikhupura District]]
[[Category:Sheikhupura District]]
[[Category:Singh Sabha movement]]
[[Category:Gurdwaras associated with Guru Nanak]]
[[Category:1901 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1901]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures demolished in 2026]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures demolished in 2026]]
[[Category:Demolished religious buildings and structures]]
[[Category:Attacks on Sikh places of worship]]
[[Category:History of Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Cultural heritage of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Pakistan–India relations]]
[[Category:2026 controversies]]
[[Category:2026 in Pakistan]]
[[Category:2026 in religion]]

Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib

2026-07-02T16:36:24Z

Simba: Images

{{Short description|Historic Sikh gurdwara in Punjab, Pakistan}}

{{Infobox building
| name = Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib
| native_name = {{nq|گردوارہ سری گرو سنگھ سبھا صاحب}} ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਭਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ
| image = Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib demolition 2026.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| caption = Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib before its partial demolition in 2026
| location_town = [[Farooqabad]] (formerly Chuharkana), [[Sheikhupura District]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]]
| location_country = [[Pakistan]]
| construction_start_date = c. 1900–1901
| architectural_style = [[Sikh architecture]]
}}

'''Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib''',{{efn|[[Shahmukhi]]: {{Nastaliq|گردوارہ سری گرو سنگھ سبھا صاحب}} [[Gurmukhi]]: ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਭਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ}} also known simply as '''Gurdwara Singh Sabha''', is a historic [[gurdwara]] located in [[Farooqabad]] (formerly Chuharkana), [[Sheikhupura District]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]. Constructed around the beginning of the 20th century, the shrine is associated with the [[Singh Sabha movement]], the Sikh reform movement that emerged in the late nineteenth century and played a significant role in the revival of Sikh religious and educational institutions.<ref name="HT">{{cite news |title=What to know about 125-year-old Gurdwara Singh Sabha demolished in Pakistan |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/what-to-know-about-125-year-old-gurdwara-singh-sabha-demolished-in-pakistan-punjab-india-condemns-act-101782962592295.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=2 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NDTV">{{cite news |title=Pakistan's 125-year-old Gurdwara was demolished. Here's its story |url=https://www.ndtv.com/lifestyle/pakistans-125-year-old-gurdwara-was-demolished-here-is-its-story-11716666 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The gurdwara stands close to [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]], one of the principal shrines associated with [[Guru Nanak]], and historically served the Sikh community of Chuharkana before the [[Partition of India]] in 1947.<ref name="ToI">{{cite news |title=125-year-old gurdwara demolished in Pakistan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistan/articleshow/132075211.cms |work=The Times of India |date=30 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Tribune">{{cite news |title=125-year-old Gurdwara demolished by businessman without permission; restoration ordered |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/pakistan/125-year-old-gurdwara-singh-sabha-demolished-in-pakistan-by-businessman-without-permission-restoration-ordered/ |work=The Tribune |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The shrine attracted international attention in June 2026 after portions of the historic structure were demolished during an alleged illegal demolition, prompting protests by Sikh organisations, condemnation by the [[Government of India]], and assurances from Pakistani authorities that the gurdwara would be restored.<ref name="ET">{{cite news |title=India condemns demolition of 125-year-old Gurdwara in Pakistan, seeks restoration |url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/new-updates/india-condemns-demolition-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-in-pakistan-seeks-restoration/articleshow/132140477.cms |work=The Economic Times |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

==Location==

The gurdwara is situated in the town of '''Farooqabad''', historically known as '''Chuharkana''', in [[Sheikhupura District]] of Pakistan's Punjab province. The town lies approximately 35 kilometres west of [[Nankana Sahib]] and is closely associated with Sikh history owing to the presence of [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]], where [[Guru Nanak]] is believed to have performed the episode known as ''Sacha Sauda'' ("True Bargain").<ref name="NDTV" />

Located only a short distance from Gurdwara Sacha Sauda, Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib formed part of the historic Sikh religious landscape of the town during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.<ref name="ToI" />

==Significance==

The gurdwara derives its historical importance from its association with the '''[[Singh Sabha movement]]''', a reform movement founded in 1873 that sought to revive Sikh religious institutions, promote Punjabi education in the [[Gurmukhi]] script, standardise Sikh practices, and strengthen Sikh identity during the colonial period.<ref name="NDTV" />

Constructed approximately 125 years before its demolition in 2026, the shrine became a local centre for Sikh religious and community activities and was regarded as one of the surviving pre-Partition Sikh monuments in Farooqabad.<ref name="HT" />

Following the Partition of India in 1947 and the migration of the town's Sikh population, the gurdwara ceased functioning as an active place of worship but continued to survive as an important reminder of the region's Sikh heritage.<ref name="NDTV" />

==History==

===Construction===

Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib was established around 1900–1901 during the expansion of the Singh Sabha movement across undivided Punjab. Contemporary reports describe the building as approximately 125 years old, with its year of construction reportedly inscribed above the main entrance.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="Hindu">{{cite news |title=Historic Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan's Punjab |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/historic-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistans-punjab-sikh-community-protests/article71173204.ece |work=The Hindu |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The shrine served the Sikh residents of Chuharkana during the late colonial period, when the town possessed a vibrant Sikh community and several religious institutions connected with the life of Guru Nanak.<ref name="NIE">{{cite news |title=125-year-old Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan; Sikh groups seek intervention |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2026/Jul/02/125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistan-mea-condemns-act-sikh-groups-seek-intervention |work=The New Indian Express |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

===After Partition===

Following the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, the Sikh population of Farooqabad migrated to India, leaving the gurdwara without a resident congregation. According to later reports, the property was subsequently occupied for residential purposes, while the historic structure largely remained standing for decades despite neglect.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="Hindu" />

Despite no longer functioning as an active gurdwara, the building continued to be recognised by Sikh organisations as a significant historic monument because of its connection with the Singh Sabha movement and its proximity to Gurdwara Sacha Sauda.<ref name="HT" />

==Demolition==

[[File:125-Year-Old Gurdwara Singh Sabha Demolished In Pakistan|thumb|The gurdwara after portions of the historic structure were demolished in June 2026.]]

During the night of 24–25 June 2026, substantial portions of Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib were demolished by heavy machinery, reportedly at the direction of a local businessman seeking to redevelop the property.<ref name="NDTV_News">{{cite news |title=Pakistani businessman demolishes 125-year-old Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib in Farooqabad, sparks protest |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/pakistani-businessman-demolishes-125-year-old-gurdwara-sri-guru-singh-sabha-sahib-in-farooqabad-sparks-protest-11715534 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="Hindu" />

According to Pakistani authorities, the demolition was carried out without approval from the relevant government departments. Initial reports indicated that most of the historic building had been razed, leaving only sections of the front façade and boundary walls standing. The demolition attracted widespread attention after photographs and videos circulated on social media showing rubble scattered across the site and construction machinery operating within the compound.<ref name="NIE" /><ref name="IndiaToday">{{cite news |title=Historic 125-year-old Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pakistan-news-historic-125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-pakistan-punjab-lhore-mea-reaction-2939213-2026-07-02 |work=India Today |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

Reports stated that the businessman had allegedly purchased or occupied part of the surrounding property and intended to replace the historic structure with a commercial complex. Local Sikh representatives disputed the legality of the demolition and argued that the shrine was a historic religious monument that should have been protected irrespective of ownership claims.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="HT" />

The incident was widely condemned by Sikh organisations in Pakistan and abroad, who described the demolition as an attack on Sikh religious heritage. Community leaders demanded criminal proceedings against those responsible and called for the complete reconstruction of the shrine using its original architectural design.<ref name="Hindu" />

===Government response===

Soon after the incident became public, officials of the [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]] (ETPB), the [[Punjab Police (Pakistan)|Punjab Police]], and the district administration visited the site to assess the damage. Pakistani authorities stated that the demolition had been undertaken without official permission and ordered an inquiry into the incident.<ref name="NDTV_News" />

Police arrested several individuals in connection with the demolition, including the businessman alleged to have organised the operation. Officials also announced that the demolished portions of the shrine would be reconstructed under government supervision.<ref name="Pragativadi">{{cite news |title=Pakistan orders restoration after demolition of historic Sikh shrine |url=https://www.pragativadi.com/pakistan-announces-restoration-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-after-india-condemns-demolition/ |work=Pragativadi |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]] stated that the restoration would seek to preserve the historic appearance of the gurdwara and that action would be taken against those found responsible for violating heritage and property regulations.<ref name="Hindu" />

==Reactions==
{{Tweet
| name = Randhir Jaiswal
| username = MEAIndia
| text = Our response to media queries regarding reported demolition of 125-year-old Gurdwara in Pakistan ⬇️
| date = 1 July 2026
| ID = 2072315705840771575
}}

The demolition prompted condemnation from Sikh organisations, heritage activists and political leaders in India and Pakistan.

The [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)]] described the demolition as a "highly deplorable and targeted act of vandalism" and urged the Government of Pakistan to ensure the immediate restoration of the shrine and take strict action against those responsible. The ministry further stated that the incident reflected a broader pattern of attacks on the religious heritage of minority communities in Pakistan.<ref name="ET" /><ref name="NDTV_Slams">{{cite news |title=Highly deplorable: India slams demolition of 125-year-old Pakistan gurdwara |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/highly-deplorable-india-slams-demolition-of-125-year-old-pak-gurdwara-11714884 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The [[Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee]] (DSGMC) condemned the demolition and appealed to international organisations, including [[UNESCO]], to intervene for the protection of Sikh religious heritage in Pakistan.<ref name="ANI">{{cite news |title=Regrettable: Delhi minister Manjinder Singh Sirsa condemns demolition of 125-year-old gurdwara in Pakistan |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/regrettable-delhi-minister-manjinder-singh-sirsa-condemns-demolition-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-in-pakistan20260702142624 |work=ANI |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

Several Sikh organisations within Pakistan also expressed concern over the destruction of the shrine and urged the authorities to strengthen legal protections for historic gurdwaras and other minority religious sites.<ref name="Hindu" />

==Conservation and restoration==

Following public criticism and diplomatic protests, Pakistani authorities announced that the demolished portions of Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib would be reconstructed. Officials from the Evacuee Trust Property Board stated that restoration work would be undertaken under official supervision and that legal proceedings would continue against those accused of carrying out the demolition.<ref name="Pragativadi" />

The incident renewed debate regarding the preservation of Sikh religious heritage in Pakistan and highlighted concerns about the protection of historic places of worship that no longer serve active congregations but remain culturally and historically significant.<ref name="HT" />

==See also==

* [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]]
* [[Gurdwara Janam Asthan]]
* [[Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur]]
* [[Singh Sabha movement]]
* [[Sikhism in Pakistan]]
* [[Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee]]
* [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]]

==Notes==

{{notelist}}

==References==

{{reflist|30em}}

[[Category:Gurdwaras in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Sikh architecture]]
[[Category:Sikhism in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Sheikhupura District]]
[[Category:Sheikhupura District]]
[[Category:Singh Sabha movement]]
[[Category:Gurdwaras associated with Guru Nanak]]
[[Category:1901 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1901]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures demolished in 2026]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures demolished in 2026]]
[[Category:Demolished religious buildings and structures]]
[[Category:Attacks on Sikh places of worship]]
[[Category:History of Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Cultural heritage of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Pakistan–India relations]]
[[Category:2026 controversies]]
[[Category:2026 in Pakistan]]
[[Category:2026 in religion]]

File:125-Year-Old Gurdwara Singh Sabha Demolished In Pakistan.jpeg

2026-07-02T16:35:16Z

Simba:

File:Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib demolition 2026.jpg

2026-07-02T16:34:42Z

Simba:

Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib

2026-07-02T16:31:57Z

Simba: MEA tweet

{{Short description|Historic Sikh gurdwara in Punjab, Pakistan}}

{{Infobox building
| name = Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib
| native_name = {{nq|گردوارہ سری گرو سنگھ سبھا صاحب}} ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਭਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ
| image =
| image_size = 300px
| caption = Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib before its partial demolition in 2026
| location_town = [[Farooqabad]] (formerly Chuharkana), [[Sheikhupura District]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]]
| location_country = [[Pakistan]]
| construction_start_date = c. 1900–1901
| architectural_style = [[Sikh architecture]]
}}

'''Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib''',{{efn|[[Shahmukhi]]: {{Nastaliq|گردوارہ سری گرو سنگھ سبھا صاحب}} [[Gurmukhi]]: ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਭਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ}} also known simply as '''Gurdwara Singh Sabha''', is a historic [[gurdwara]] located in [[Farooqabad]] (formerly Chuharkana), [[Sheikhupura District]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]. Constructed around the beginning of the 20th century, the shrine is associated with the [[Singh Sabha movement]], the Sikh reform movement that emerged in the late nineteenth century and played a significant role in the revival of Sikh religious and educational institutions.<ref name="HT">{{cite news |title=What to know about 125-year-old Gurdwara Singh Sabha demolished in Pakistan |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/what-to-know-about-125-year-old-gurdwara-singh-sabha-demolished-in-pakistan-punjab-india-condemns-act-101782962592295.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=2 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NDTV">{{cite news |title=Pakistan's 125-year-old Gurdwara was demolished. Here's its story |url=https://www.ndtv.com/lifestyle/pakistans-125-year-old-gurdwara-was-demolished-here-is-its-story-11716666 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The gurdwara stands close to [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]], one of the principal shrines associated with [[Guru Nanak]], and historically served the Sikh community of Chuharkana before the [[Partition of India]] in 1947.<ref name="ToI">{{cite news |title=125-year-old gurdwara demolished in Pakistan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistan/articleshow/132075211.cms |work=The Times of India |date=30 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Tribune">{{cite news |title=125-year-old Gurdwara demolished by businessman without permission; restoration ordered |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/pakistan/125-year-old-gurdwara-singh-sabha-demolished-in-pakistan-by-businessman-without-permission-restoration-ordered/ |work=The Tribune |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The shrine attracted international attention in June 2026 after portions of the historic structure were demolished during an alleged illegal demolition, prompting protests by Sikh organisations, condemnation by the [[Government of India]], and assurances from Pakistani authorities that the gurdwara would be restored.<ref name="ET">{{cite news |title=India condemns demolition of 125-year-old Gurdwara in Pakistan, seeks restoration |url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/new-updates/india-condemns-demolition-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-in-pakistan-seeks-restoration/articleshow/132140477.cms |work=The Economic Times |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

==Location==

The gurdwara is situated in the town of '''Farooqabad''', historically known as '''Chuharkana''', in [[Sheikhupura District]] of Pakistan's Punjab province. The town lies approximately 35 kilometres west of [[Nankana Sahib]] and is closely associated with Sikh history owing to the presence of [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]], where [[Guru Nanak]] is believed to have performed the episode known as ''Sacha Sauda'' ("True Bargain").<ref name="NDTV" />

Located only a short distance from Gurdwara Sacha Sauda, Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib formed part of the historic Sikh religious landscape of the town during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.<ref name="ToI" />

==Significance==

The gurdwara derives its historical importance from its association with the '''[[Singh Sabha movement]]''', a reform movement founded in 1873 that sought to revive Sikh religious institutions, promote Punjabi education in the [[Gurmukhi]] script, standardise Sikh practices, and strengthen Sikh identity during the colonial period.<ref name="NDTV" />

Constructed approximately 125 years before its demolition in 2026, the shrine became a local centre for Sikh religious and community activities and was regarded as one of the surviving pre-Partition Sikh monuments in Farooqabad.<ref name="HT" />

Following the Partition of India in 1947 and the migration of the town's Sikh population, the gurdwara ceased functioning as an active place of worship but continued to survive as an important reminder of the region's Sikh heritage.<ref name="NDTV" />

==History==

===Construction===

Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib was established around 1900–1901 during the expansion of the Singh Sabha movement across undivided Punjab. Contemporary reports describe the building as approximately 125 years old, with its year of construction reportedly inscribed above the main entrance.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="Hindu">{{cite news |title=Historic Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan's Punjab |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/historic-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistans-punjab-sikh-community-protests/article71173204.ece |work=The Hindu |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The shrine served the Sikh residents of Chuharkana during the late colonial period, when the town possessed a vibrant Sikh community and several religious institutions connected with the life of Guru Nanak.<ref name="NIE">{{cite news |title=125-year-old Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan; Sikh groups seek intervention |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2026/Jul/02/125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistan-mea-condemns-act-sikh-groups-seek-intervention |work=The New Indian Express |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

===After Partition===

Following the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, the Sikh population of Farooqabad migrated to India, leaving the gurdwara without a resident congregation. According to later reports, the property was subsequently occupied for residential purposes, while the historic structure largely remained standing for decades despite neglect.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="Hindu" />

Despite no longer functioning as an active gurdwara, the building continued to be recognised by Sikh organisations as a significant historic monument because of its connection with the Singh Sabha movement and its proximity to Gurdwara Sacha Sauda.<ref name="HT" />

==Demolition==

[[File:Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib demolition 2026.jpg|thumb|The gurdwara after portions of the historic structure were demolished in June 2026.]]

During the night of 24–25 June 2026, substantial portions of Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib were demolished by heavy machinery, reportedly at the direction of a local businessman seeking to redevelop the property.<ref name="NDTV_News">{{cite news |title=Pakistani businessman demolishes 125-year-old Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib in Farooqabad, sparks protest |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/pakistani-businessman-demolishes-125-year-old-gurdwara-sri-guru-singh-sabha-sahib-in-farooqabad-sparks-protest-11715534 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="Hindu" />

According to Pakistani authorities, the demolition was carried out without approval from the relevant government departments. Initial reports indicated that most of the historic building had been razed, leaving only sections of the front façade and boundary walls standing. The demolition attracted widespread attention after photographs and videos circulated on social media showing rubble scattered across the site and construction machinery operating within the compound.<ref name="NIE" /><ref name="IndiaToday">{{cite news |title=Historic 125-year-old Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pakistan-news-historic-125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-pakistan-punjab-lhore-mea-reaction-2939213-2026-07-02 |work=India Today |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

Reports stated that the businessman had allegedly purchased or occupied part of the surrounding property and intended to replace the historic structure with a commercial complex. Local Sikh representatives disputed the legality of the demolition and argued that the shrine was a historic religious monument that should have been protected irrespective of ownership claims.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="HT" />

The incident was widely condemned by Sikh organisations in Pakistan and abroad, who described the demolition as an attack on Sikh religious heritage. Community leaders demanded criminal proceedings against those responsible and called for the complete reconstruction of the shrine using its original architectural design.<ref name="Hindu" />

===Government response===

Soon after the incident became public, officials of the [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]] (ETPB), the [[Punjab Police (Pakistan)|Punjab Police]], and the district administration visited the site to assess the damage. Pakistani authorities stated that the demolition had been undertaken without official permission and ordered an inquiry into the incident.<ref name="NDTV_News" />

Police arrested several individuals in connection with the demolition, including the businessman alleged to have organised the operation. Officials also announced that the demolished portions of the shrine would be reconstructed under government supervision.<ref name="Pragativadi">{{cite news |title=Pakistan orders restoration after demolition of historic Sikh shrine |url=https://www.pragativadi.com/pakistan-announces-restoration-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-after-india-condemns-demolition/ |work=Pragativadi |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]] stated that the restoration would seek to preserve the historic appearance of the gurdwara and that action would be taken against those found responsible for violating heritage and property regulations.<ref name="Hindu" />

==Reactions==
{{Tweet
| name = Randhir Jaiswal
| username = MEAIndia
| text = Our response to media queries regarding reported demolition of 125-year-old Gurdwara in Pakistan ⬇️
| date = 1 July 2026
| ID = 2072315705840771575
}}

The demolition prompted condemnation from Sikh organisations, heritage activists and political leaders in India and Pakistan.

The [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)]] described the demolition as a "highly deplorable and targeted act of vandalism" and urged the Government of Pakistan to ensure the immediate restoration of the shrine and take strict action against those responsible. The ministry further stated that the incident reflected a broader pattern of attacks on the religious heritage of minority communities in Pakistan.<ref name="ET" /><ref name="NDTV_Slams">{{cite news |title=Highly deplorable: India slams demolition of 125-year-old Pakistan gurdwara |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/highly-deplorable-india-slams-demolition-of-125-year-old-pak-gurdwara-11714884 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The [[Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee]] (DSGMC) condemned the demolition and appealed to international organisations, including [[UNESCO]], to intervene for the protection of Sikh religious heritage in Pakistan.<ref name="ANI">{{cite news |title=Regrettable: Delhi minister Manjinder Singh Sirsa condemns demolition of 125-year-old gurdwara in Pakistan |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/regrettable-delhi-minister-manjinder-singh-sirsa-condemns-demolition-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-in-pakistan20260702142624 |work=ANI |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

Several Sikh organisations within Pakistan also expressed concern over the destruction of the shrine and urged the authorities to strengthen legal protections for historic gurdwaras and other minority religious sites.<ref name="Hindu" />

==Conservation and restoration==

Following public criticism and diplomatic protests, Pakistani authorities announced that the demolished portions of Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib would be reconstructed. Officials from the Evacuee Trust Property Board stated that restoration work would be undertaken under official supervision and that legal proceedings would continue against those accused of carrying out the demolition.<ref name="Pragativadi" />

The incident renewed debate regarding the preservation of Sikh religious heritage in Pakistan and highlighted concerns about the protection of historic places of worship that no longer serve active congregations but remain culturally and historically significant.<ref name="HT" />

==See also==

* [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]]
* [[Gurdwara Janam Asthan]]
* [[Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur]]
* [[Singh Sabha movement]]
* [[Sikhism in Pakistan]]
* [[Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee]]
* [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]]

==Notes==

{{notelist}}

==References==

{{reflist|30em}}

[[Category:Gurdwaras in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Sikh architecture]]
[[Category:Sikhism in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Sheikhupura District]]
[[Category:Sheikhupura District]]
[[Category:Singh Sabha movement]]
[[Category:Gurdwaras associated with Guru Nanak]]
[[Category:1901 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1901]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures demolished in 2026]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures demolished in 2026]]
[[Category:Demolished religious buildings and structures]]
[[Category:Attacks on Sikh places of worship]]
[[Category:History of Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Cultural heritage of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Pakistan–India relations]]
[[Category:2026 controversies]]
[[Category:2026 in Pakistan]]
[[Category:2026 in religion]]

Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib

2026-07-02T16:24:30Z

Simba: Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib

{{Short description|Historic Sikh gurdwara in Punjab, Pakistan}}

{{Infobox building
| name = Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib
| native_name = {{nq|گردوارہ سری گرو سنگھ سبھا صاحب}} ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਭਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ
| image =
| image_size = 300px
| caption = Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib before its partial demolition in 2026
| location_town = [[Farooqabad]] (formerly Chuharkana), [[Sheikhupura District]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]]
| location_country = [[Pakistan]]
| construction_start_date = c. 1900–1901
| architectural_style = [[Sikh architecture]]
}}

'''Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib''',{{efn|[[Shahmukhi]]: {{Nastaliq|گردوارہ سری گرو سنگھ سبھا صاحب}} [[Gurmukhi]]: ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਭਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ}} also known simply as '''Gurdwara Singh Sabha''', is a historic [[gurdwara]] located in [[Farooqabad]] (formerly Chuharkana), [[Sheikhupura District]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]. Constructed around the beginning of the 20th century, the shrine is associated with the [[Singh Sabha movement]], the Sikh reform movement that emerged in the late nineteenth century and played a significant role in the revival of Sikh religious and educational institutions.<ref name="HT">{{cite news |title=What to know about 125-year-old Gurdwara Singh Sabha demolished in Pakistan |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/what-to-know-about-125-year-old-gurdwara-singh-sabha-demolished-in-pakistan-punjab-india-condemns-act-101782962592295.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=2 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NDTV">{{cite news |title=Pakistan's 125-year-old Gurdwara was demolished. Here's its story |url=https://www.ndtv.com/lifestyle/pakistans-125-year-old-gurdwara-was-demolished-here-is-its-story-11716666 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The gurdwara stands close to [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]], one of the principal shrines associated with [[Guru Nanak]], and historically served the Sikh community of Chuharkana before the [[Partition of India]] in 1947.<ref name="ToI">{{cite news |title=125-year-old gurdwara demolished in Pakistan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistan/articleshow/132075211.cms |work=The Times of India |date=30 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Tribune">{{cite news |title=125-year-old Gurdwara demolished by businessman without permission; restoration ordered |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/pakistan/125-year-old-gurdwara-singh-sabha-demolished-in-pakistan-by-businessman-without-permission-restoration-ordered/ |work=The Tribune |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The shrine attracted international attention in June 2026 after portions of the historic structure were demolished during an alleged illegal demolition, prompting protests by Sikh organisations, condemnation by the [[Government of India]], and assurances from Pakistani authorities that the gurdwara would be restored.<ref name="ET">{{cite news |title=India condemns demolition of 125-year-old Gurdwara in Pakistan, seeks restoration |url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/new-updates/india-condemns-demolition-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-in-pakistan-seeks-restoration/articleshow/132140477.cms |work=The Economic Times |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

==Location==

The gurdwara is situated in the town of '''Farooqabad''', historically known as '''Chuharkana''', in [[Sheikhupura District]] of Pakistan's Punjab province. The town lies approximately 35 kilometres west of [[Nankana Sahib]] and is closely associated with Sikh history owing to the presence of [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]], where [[Guru Nanak]] is believed to have performed the episode known as ''Sacha Sauda'' ("True Bargain").<ref name="NDTV" />

Located only a short distance from Gurdwara Sacha Sauda, Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib formed part of the historic Sikh religious landscape of the town during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.<ref name="ToI" />

==Significance==

The gurdwara derives its historical importance from its association with the '''[[Singh Sabha movement]]''', a reform movement founded in 1873 that sought to revive Sikh religious institutions, promote Punjabi education in the [[Gurmukhi]] script, standardise Sikh practices, and strengthen Sikh identity during the colonial period.<ref name="NDTV" />

Constructed approximately 125 years before its demolition in 2026, the shrine became a local centre for Sikh religious and community activities and was regarded as one of the surviving pre-Partition Sikh monuments in Farooqabad.<ref name="HT" />

Following the Partition of India in 1947 and the migration of the town's Sikh population, the gurdwara ceased functioning as an active place of worship but continued to survive as an important reminder of the region's Sikh heritage.<ref name="NDTV" />

==History==

===Construction===

Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib was established around 1900–1901 during the expansion of the Singh Sabha movement across undivided Punjab. Contemporary reports describe the building as approximately 125 years old, with its year of construction reportedly inscribed above the main entrance.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="Hindu">{{cite news |title=Historic Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan's Punjab |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/historic-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistans-punjab-sikh-community-protests/article71173204.ece |work=The Hindu |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The shrine served the Sikh residents of Chuharkana during the late colonial period, when the town possessed a vibrant Sikh community and several religious institutions connected with the life of Guru Nanak.<ref name="NIE">{{cite news |title=125-year-old Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan; Sikh groups seek intervention |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2026/Jul/02/125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-in-pakistan-mea-condemns-act-sikh-groups-seek-intervention |work=The New Indian Express |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

===After Partition===

Following the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, the Sikh population of Farooqabad migrated to India, leaving the gurdwara without a resident congregation. According to later reports, the property was subsequently occupied for residential purposes, while the historic structure largely remained standing for decades despite neglect.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="Hindu" />

Despite no longer functioning as an active gurdwara, the building continued to be recognised by Sikh organisations as a significant historic monument because of its connection with the Singh Sabha movement and its proximity to Gurdwara Sacha Sauda.<ref name="HT" />

==Demolition==

[[File:Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib demolition 2026.jpg|thumb|The gurdwara after portions of the historic structure were demolished in June 2026.]]

During the night of 24–25 June 2026, substantial portions of Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib were demolished by heavy machinery, reportedly at the direction of a local businessman seeking to redevelop the property.<ref name="NDTV_News">{{cite news |title=Pakistani businessman demolishes 125-year-old Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib in Farooqabad, sparks protest |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/pakistani-businessman-demolishes-125-year-old-gurdwara-sri-guru-singh-sabha-sahib-in-farooqabad-sparks-protest-11715534 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="Hindu" />

According to Pakistani authorities, the demolition was carried out without approval from the relevant government departments. Initial reports indicated that most of the historic building had been razed, leaving only sections of the front façade and boundary walls standing. The demolition attracted widespread attention after photographs and videos circulated on social media showing rubble scattered across the site and construction machinery operating within the compound.<ref name="NIE" /><ref name="IndiaToday">{{cite news |title=Historic 125-year-old Gurdwara demolished in Pakistan |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pakistan-news-historic-125-year-old-gurdwara-demolished-pakistan-punjab-lhore-mea-reaction-2939213-2026-07-02 |work=India Today |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

Reports stated that the businessman had allegedly purchased or occupied part of the surrounding property and intended to replace the historic structure with a commercial complex. Local Sikh representatives disputed the legality of the demolition and argued that the shrine was a historic religious monument that should have been protected irrespective of ownership claims.<ref name="NDTV" /><ref name="HT" />

The incident was widely condemned by Sikh organisations in Pakistan and abroad, who described the demolition as an attack on Sikh religious heritage. Community leaders demanded criminal proceedings against those responsible and called for the complete reconstruction of the shrine using its original architectural design.<ref name="Hindu" />

===Government response===

Soon after the incident became public, officials of the [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]] (ETPB), the [[Punjab Police (Pakistan)|Punjab Police]], and the district administration visited the site to assess the damage. Pakistani authorities stated that the demolition had been undertaken without official permission and ordered an inquiry into the incident.<ref name="NDTV_News" />

Police arrested several individuals in connection with the demolition, including the businessman alleged to have organised the operation. Officials also announced that the demolished portions of the shrine would be reconstructed under government supervision.<ref name="Pragativadi">{{cite news |title=Pakistan orders restoration after demolition of historic Sikh shrine |url=https://www.pragativadi.com/pakistan-announces-restoration-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-after-india-condemns-demolition/ |work=Pragativadi |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]] stated that the restoration would seek to preserve the historic appearance of the gurdwara and that action would be taken against those found responsible for violating heritage and property regulations.<ref name="Hindu" />

==Reactions==

The demolition prompted condemnation from Sikh organisations, heritage activists and political leaders in India and Pakistan.

The [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)]] described the demolition as a "highly deplorable and targeted act of vandalism" and urged the Government of Pakistan to ensure the immediate restoration of the shrine and take strict action against those responsible. The ministry further stated that the incident reflected a broader pattern of attacks on the religious heritage of minority communities in Pakistan.<ref name="ET" /><ref name="NDTV_Slams">{{cite news |title=Highly deplorable: India slams demolition of 125-year-old Pakistan gurdwara |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/highly-deplorable-india-slams-demolition-of-125-year-old-pak-gurdwara-11714884 |work=NDTV |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

The [[Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee]] (DSGMC) condemned the demolition and appealed to international organisations, including [[UNESCO]], to intervene for the protection of Sikh religious heritage in Pakistan.<ref name="ANI">{{cite news |title=Regrettable: Delhi minister Manjinder Singh Sirsa condemns demolition of 125-year-old gurdwara in Pakistan |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/regrettable-delhi-minister-manjinder-singh-sirsa-condemns-demolition-of-125-year-old-gurdwara-in-pakistan20260702142624 |work=ANI |date=2 July 2026}}</ref>

Several Sikh organisations within Pakistan also expressed concern over the destruction of the shrine and urged the authorities to strengthen legal protections for historic gurdwaras and other minority religious sites.<ref name="Hindu" />

==Conservation and restoration==

Following public criticism and diplomatic protests, Pakistani authorities announced that the demolished portions of Gurdwara Sri Guru Singh Sabha Sahib would be reconstructed. Officials from the Evacuee Trust Property Board stated that restoration work would be undertaken under official supervision and that legal proceedings would continue against those accused of carrying out the demolition.<ref name="Pragativadi" />

The incident renewed debate regarding the preservation of Sikh religious heritage in Pakistan and highlighted concerns about the protection of historic places of worship that no longer serve active congregations but remain culturally and historically significant.<ref name="HT" />

==See also==

* [[Gurdwara Sacha Sauda]]
* [[Gurdwara Janam Asthan]]
* [[Gurdwara Darbar Sahib Kartarpur]]
* [[Singh Sabha movement]]
* [[Sikhism in Pakistan]]
* [[Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee]]
* [[Evacuee Trust Property Board]]

==Notes==

{{notelist}}

==References==

{{reflist|30em}}

[[Category:Gurdwaras in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Sikh architecture]]
[[Category:Sikhism in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Sheikhupura District]]
[[Category:Sheikhupura District]]
[[Category:Singh Sabha movement]]
[[Category:Gurdwaras associated with Guru Nanak]]
[[Category:1901 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1901]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures demolished in 2026]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures demolished in 2026]]
[[Category:Demolished religious buildings and structures]]
[[Category:Attacks on Sikh places of worship]]
[[Category:History of Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Cultural heritage of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Pakistan–India relations]]
[[Category:2026 controversies]]
[[Category:2026 in Pakistan]]
[[Category:2026 in religion]]

File:XMwVGdxmiCNdzPsN.mp4

2026-06-25T17:50:16Z

Simba: Young schoolgirls protesting against the Government of Pakistan in Pakistan-occupide Kashmir.

== Summary ==
Young schoolgirls protesting against the Government of Pakistan in Pakistan-occupide Kashmir.

2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests

2026-06-25T17:23:49Z

Simba: Expand

{{Short description|Protests in Pakistan-administered Kashmir}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2026}}

{{Infobox civil conflict
| title = 2026 Azad Kashmir protests
| name = 2026 Azad Kashmir protests
| date = {{Start date|2026|6|5}} – ongoing
| place = [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir|Azad Kashmir]]
| status = Ongoing
| causes =
* Dispute over 12 reserved refugee seats
* Political representation
* Governance concerns
* Economic grievances
* Electricity tariffs and subsidies
| goals =
* Abolition of refugee seats
* Implementation of JAAC's 38-point charter
* Greater political representation
* Governance reforms
| methods =
* General strikes
* Long marches
* Demonstrations
* Road blockades
* Rallies
* Sit-ins
| result =
* JAAC banned under anti-terror legislation
* Internet and communication restrictions imposed
* Arrests and sedition cases filed
* Multiple deaths and injuries
| side1 = [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee|Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee (JAAC / JKJAAC)]]
| side2 =
* [[Government of Pakistan]]
* [[Government of Azad Kashmir]]
* [[Azad Kashmir Police]]
* [[Punjab Rangers]]
* [[Federal Constabulary]]
| casualties1 =
* At least 30 protesters reported killed
* More than 200 reported injured
| casualties2 =
* Unknown
}}

The '''2026 Azad Kashmir protests''' (also referred to as the '''2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests''') are an ongoing protest movement that began in June 2026 across '''[[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]''' (PoK), officially administered by Pakistan as '''[[Azad Jammu and Kashmir]]''' (AJK), a territory claimed by India as part of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. The demonstrations were organised primarily by the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC / JKJAAC), a coalition of traders, lawyers, transport workers, students and civil society organisations. Initially centred on opposition to the continued reservation of 12 seats in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] for refugees residing elsewhere in Pakistan, the movement subsequently expanded to include demands for constitutional reforms, greater political representation, administrative accountability and implementation of the JAAC's 38-point charter.<ref name="Reuters9Jun"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

The protests intensified after the Government of Azad Kashmir designated the JAAC as a prohibited organisation under anti-terrorism legislation on 5 June 2026. Authorities arrested activists, imposed restrictions on communications and movement, and deployed additional police and paramilitary forces throughout the territory. Clashes between protesters and security personnel, particularly in [[Rawalakot]], resulted in multiple deaths and injuries, prompting criticism from human rights organisations including [[Amnesty International]], which expressed concern over the use of anti-terror legislation, arbitrary arrests and restrictions on freedom of assembly.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun"/><ref name="ReutersRawalakot"/><ref name="BBCClashes"/>

Following the expiry of the JAAC's ultimatum on 23 June, demonstrations continued across [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Rawalakot]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]], [[Mirpur, Azad Kashmir|Mirpur]] and other districts. Protest leaders rejected reports that the planned long march towards Muzaffarabad had been postponed and stated that the movement would continue until meaningful progress had been made on constitutional amendments and political reforms. Women, students and schoolchildren emerged as prominent participants in the demonstrations, transforming the movement from a trader-led campaign into a broader civil society mobilisation.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

During the later stages of the protests, demonstrators accused Pakistani authorities of restricting the movement of food, fuel and medicines into the territory, resulting in reported shortages of essential commodities in several districts. Pakistani authorities denied imposing a blockade and maintained that transportation disruptions resulted from security measures introduced during the unrest. By late June 2026, the protests had become one of the largest sustained political movements in Pakistan-administered Kashmir in recent years, attracting extensive attention from regional and international media.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="IndiaCom25Jun2026"/>

==Background==
Mass protest movements have periodically emerged in PoK over issues relating to governance, economic conditions and political representation. During 2024 and 2025, demonstrations organised by traders, transport workers and civil society groups focused on electricity tariffs, wheat subsidies, taxation and the distribution of public resources. These movements resulted in negotiations with authorities and partial concessions, but many demands remained unresolved.<ref name="Frontline">{{cite web |title=Why Pakistan-administered Kashmir is witnessing mass protests |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/politics/why-pakistan-occupied-kashmir-is-witnessing-mass-protests/article71080112.ece |publisher=Frontline |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

The Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee (JAAC / JKJAAC) emerged as the principal umbrella organisation representing a broad coalition of traders' associations, transport unions, lawyers, students and activists. The organization previously led major protest movements in 2024 and 2025 concerning electricity tariffs, flour prices and governance issues. Since 2023, many protests were held in Pakistan-administered Kashmir addressing economic and political grievances of the locals. In May 2023, residents began protesting rising electricity tariffs alongside allegations of flour smuggling and shortages of subsidised wheat. The JKJAAC-led movement escalated in May 2024, when protesters undertook a long march towards Muzaffarabad, leading to violent clashes that resulted in at least five deaths. In September and October 2025, the JKJAAC issued a 38-point charter of demands and called for a lockdown, after which the government imposed a communications blackout in response.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=Al Jazeera |title=Deadly protests in Pakistan-administered Kashmir: What’s going on? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/6/9/deadly-protests-in-pakistan-administered-kashmir-whats-going-on |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Clashes in Pakistan-administered Kashmir kill 7 after court upholds refugee legislative seats |work=Associated Press |date=8 June 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/d9a51c10d6389e33e70232fd187c3338}}</ref>

The movement increasingly shifted its focus from economic issues to constitutional and political questions, particularly representation within the territory's legislative institutions. In 2026, the movement focused mostly on the twelve seats reserved in the [[Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] for refugees from Jammu and Kashmir living in Pakistan. JKJAAC leaders argued that the seats provide political influence to individuals who do not reside in Azad Kashmir and affect the political representation of local residents.<ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref>{{cite news |title=A banned group's call for a strike halts business and transport across Pakistan-administered Kashmir |work=Associated Press |date=9 June 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/7b4f5e038abd227415dd0aeb32e5ebe3}}</ref>

Ahead of the 2026 legislative elections, controversy intensified regarding the 12 seats reserved for refugees from Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir living elsewhere in Pakistan. JAAC leaders argued that the arrangement diluted the political influence of residents living in Azad Kashmir and gave disproportionate electoral weight to voters residing outside the territory. Government officials and supporters of the system maintained that the reserved seats reflected the historical circumstances of the Kashmir dispute and ensured representation for displaced communities.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="TheHinduClashes">{{cite news |title=Pakistan-administered Kashmir clashes: Joint Awami Action Committee protestors killed |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/pakistan-occupied-kashmir-clashes-joint-awami-action-committee-protestors-killed/article71075418.ece |work=The Hindu |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

In May 2026, talks between a federal ministerial team and the JKJAAC leadership broke down with the latter finally calling for protests. Subsequently, on 5 June 2026, the local government proscribed the Committee under the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2014 and banned it.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=What the Banning of the JAAC Reveals About Power in Azad Kashmir |url=https://thediplomat.com/2026/06/what-the-banning-of-the-jaac-reveals-about-power-in-azad-kashmir/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref> The dispute gained further prominence after legal and administrative decisions upheld the continuation of the refugee-seat arrangement. In response, the JAAC announced a region-wide campaign demanding constitutional reforms and the abolition of the reserved seats. Protest organisers warned that failure to address the issue would result in a long march and general strike across the territory.<ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum">{{cite web |title=PAJK protest movement issues election ultimatum, threatens June long march |url=https://kashmirtimes.com/news/pajk-protest-movement-issues-election-ultimatum-threatens-june-long-march |publisher=Kashmir Times |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="WIONBan">{{cite web |title=Protests intensify in Pakistan-administered Kashmir after government bans JAAC ahead of elections |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/protests-intensify-in-pakistan-occupied-kashmir-after-govt-bans-primary-advocacy-body-jaac-ahead-of-elections-1780835112422 |publisher=WION |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

==Demands==
The JAAC's programme combined economic, political and constitutional demands. Protest organisers argued that the existing political structure of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir provided inadequate representation to residents and disproportionately favoured political elites and refugee constituencies located outside the territory.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="Frontline" />

One of the principal demands of the Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee (JAAC / JKJAAC) during the 2026 protests was the abolition of the 12 seats reserved in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] for refugees from Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir and their descendants residing in Pakistan. Protest organizers argued that political representation in Azad Kashmir should be limited to residents of the territory and maintained that the reserved seats allowed non-residents to influence its political affairs. The issue gained prominence ahead of the 2026 Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, as elections for the refugee seats were scheduled alongside those for the territorial constituencies. The JAAC included the abolition of the refugee-seat system among its key political demands and organized demonstrations across Azad Kashmir on the issue.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" />

Supporters of the reserved seats argued that they provide representation to displaced Kashmiris and are an integral part of the constitutional framework of Azad Kashmir. On 7 June 2026, the Supreme Court of Azad Jammu and Kashmir ruled that the seats could not be abolished through executive action and could only be altered through a constitutional amendment. Following the ruling, protests continued in several parts of Azad Kashmir, with the issue remaining one of the central points of contention between the JAAC and the authorities.<ref>{{cite news |title=Protesters clash with police in Pakistani Kashmir as strike shutters cities |work=Reuters |date=9 June 2026 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/protesters-clash-with-police-pakistani-kashmir-strike-shutters-cities-2026-06-09/}}</ref><ref name="k">{{cite news |title=Pakistan Kashmir's top court upholds refugee seats and clears the way for upcoming elections |work=Associated Press |date=7 June 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/9dafaae025057b018f3afe7b30bb96d6}}</ref>

The movement also demanded lower electricity tariffs, increased subsidies for wheat and essential commodities, greater local control over revenues generated by hydroelectric projects, reforms to public administration and increased accountability among elected officials. Protest organisers further called for the reduction of privileges and allowances granted to political officeholders and senior government officials.<ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="WIONBan" />

In May 2026, the JAAC issued a 38-point charter of demands and warned that a territory-wide strike and long march would be organised if negotiations with authorities failed to produce satisfactory results.<ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" /><ref name="WIONBan" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

The movement's demands evolved during the course of the protests, with constitutional reforms becoming increasingly prominent alongside its original economic and governance-related objectives. Protest leaders argued that the existing constitutional framework governing [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]] limited the political authority of locally elected institutions and called for amendments that would provide greater autonomy and democratic representation to residents of the territory.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The JAAC also reiterated its demand for the abolition of the 12 seats reserved in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] for refugees residing elsewhere in Pakistan. Protest organisers argued that the arrangement reduced the political representation of residents living within the territory and no longer reflected contemporary political realities. Government officials defended the system as part of the historical constitutional framework relating to the Kashmir dispute.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK protests & Pakistan: Newsmaker of the Week |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/newsmaker-of-the-week/pok-protests-pakistan-kashmir/2958714/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

In addition, protest leaders called for the implementation of the JAAC's 38-point charter, which included measures relating to administrative accountability, judicial independence, electoral reforms, local control over natural resources, reductions in public expenditure on elected officials and greater transparency in public administration. They maintained that these reforms were necessary to strengthen democratic governance and improve public confidence in the territory's institutions.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

During negotiations with government representatives in late June 2026, JAAC leaders stated that the planned long march and other protest activities would continue until meaningful progress had been achieved on constitutional amendments and the implementation of the movement's principal demands. They rejected reports that the demonstrations would be suspended before an agreement had been reached with the authorities.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="ABP25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests against Pakistani government continue, thousands gather in Rawalakot |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/world/pok-protests-against-pakistani-government-continue-thousand-of-peopel-gather-in-rawalakot-ann-3150499 |website=ABP Live |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

==Supreme Court ruling==
On 7 June 2026, the Supreme Court of Azad Kashmir ruled that the twelve refugee seats are constitutionally protected and cannot be abolished without a constitutional amendment. The court further stated that elections to the Legislative Assembly should proceed within the constitutional framework. The decision strengthened the government's position ahead of the legislative elections scheduled for July 2026 but was rejected by the JKJAAC, which announced the continuation of its protest campaign.<ref>{{cite news |title=Protesters clash with police in Pakistani Kashmir as strike shutters cities |work=Reuters |date=9 June 2026 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/protesters-clash-with-police-pakistani-kashmir-strike-shutters-cities-2026-06-09/}}</ref><ref name="k" />

==Ban of the JAAC==
On 5 June 2026, the Government of Azad Kashmir designated the Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee as a prohibited organisation under anti-terror legislation. Authorities stated that the measure was necessary to preserve public order and prevent unrest ahead of the planned demonstrations and the upcoming legislative elections.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APArrests">{{cite news |title=Police arrest supporters of banned group ahead of rally in Pakistan-administered Kashmir |url=https://apnews.com/article/006859907010f8f66cf4fb5ceb2ec6cb |work=Associated Press |date=7 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="WIONBan" />

The decision was condemned by JAAC leaders, who rejected accusations that the movement posed a security threat. Protest organisers argued that the ban represented an attempt to suppress political opposition and prevent demonstrations relating to electoral representation and governance issues.<ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" />

Following the ban, authorities initiated a broad security operation targeting the movement's leadership. According to Reuters and Associated Press reporting, numerous activists were detained, sedition cases were filed against prominent JAAC leaders and rewards were announced for information leading to the arrest of certain organisers. The government also imposed temporary internet and mobile network restrictions and increased the deployment of security personnel in various areas. On 9 June, [[NetBlocks]] stated that its data revealed that access to the web remained severely restricted in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APArrests" /><ref name=":0" />

Additional police and paramilitary personnel were deployed throughout the territory, particularly in Muzaffarabad, Rawalakot and other urban centres expected to host demonstrations. Road checkpoints were established and security measures were strengthened ahead of the planned long march. Helicopter surveillance flights were set up over Rawalakot and Muzaffarabad.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="USEmbassy">{{cite web |title=Demonstration Alert – June 9 Protests in Azad Kashmir |url=https://pk.usembassy.gov/demonstration-alert-june-9-protests-in-azad-kashmir/ |publisher=U.S. Embassy in Pakistan |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="AJ9Jun" />

===Reaction to the ban===
The ban drew criticism from human-rights organisations and civil society groups. Amnesty International described the designation of the JAAC as a dangerous escalation and warned that anti-terror legislation should not be used to criminalise peaceful political dissent.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

Amnesty further expressed concern regarding reports of arbitrary arrests, restrictions on freedom of assembly and the use of communication shutdowns during the unrest. The organisation called upon Pakistani authorities to respect international human-rights standards and ensure that any restrictions on protest activity complied with international law.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

Several commentators and analysts viewed the ban within the broader context of growing political tensions ahead of the 2026 elections. Reporting by Frontline, Al Jazeera and other outlets noted that the dispute over refugee representation had become one of the most significant political controversies in Azad Kashmir in recent years.<ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

==Timeline==
===Pre-strike developments===
During late May and early June 2026, negotiations between protest leaders and authorities failed to resolve disagreements regarding the JAAC's demands. Following the collapse of talks, the movement intensified preparations for a region-wide shutdown and long march toward Muzaffarabad.<ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" /><ref name="WIONBan" /><ref name="Frontline" />

Authorities responded by increasing security deployments and imposing restrictions in anticipation of demonstrations. Activists reported increased surveillance and detentions, while government officials warned that any attempts to disrupt public order would be met with legal action.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APArrests" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" />

On the eve of the planned protests, the United States Embassy in Pakistan issued a demonstration alert warning of possible disruptions to transportation, communications and public services in Azad Kashmir. The advisory urged American citizens to avoid areas where demonstrations were expected to take place and to monitor local developments closely.<ref name="USEmbassy" />

Reports from local media and civil society organisations indicated that checkpoints had been established on major roads and that movement between districts was being closely monitored by security forces.<ref name="WIONBan" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="Frontline" />

===Rawalakot clashes===
The most serious violence associated with the protests occurred in and around [[Rawalakot]], where confrontations between demonstrators and security forces took place prior to the planned region-wide strike. The clashes followed arrests of JAAC activists and growing tensions surrounding the government's decision to prohibit the organisation and prevent planned demonstrations.<ref name="AJ8Jun">{{cite web |title=At least 11 killed in Pakistan-administered Kashmir clashes before rally |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/6/8/at-least-11-killed-in-pakistan-administered-kashmir-clashes-before-rally |publisher=Al Jazeera |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="ReutersRawalakot">{{cite news |title=Clashes in Pakistan-administered Kashmir kill 11 ahead of planned protest |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/clashes-pakistan-administered-kashmir-kill-11-ahead-protest-2026-06-08/ |work=Reuters |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="ABCClashes">{{cite news |title=Clashes in Pakistan-administered Kashmir kill seven ahead of planned protest |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/clashes-pakistan-administered-kashmir-kill-7-ahead-planned-133678094 |work=ABC News |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Following the Supreme Court's decision upholding the constitutional status of the twelve legislative seats reserved for Kashmiri refugees residing in Pakistan, demonstrations intensified across Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). Public rallies, road blockades, sit-ins and shutter-down strikes were reported in Muzaffarabad, Rawalakot, Mirpur, Kotli, Bagh and several other towns. By official estimates, at least 10,000 protestors had gathered outside the city of Rawalakot.<ref name="k" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2026-06-11 |title=At least 15 dead after deadly clashes in Pakistan-administered Kashmir |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cdxdyn5716xo |access-date=2026-06-18 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref>

On 8 June 2026, clashes erupted between protesters and security forces in Rawalakot and surrounding areas. According to regional authorities and media, between eleven and fifteen people were killed and more than seventy were injured during the unrest, including protesters and security personnel. Official figures during the first week of protests also put the casualties at 7 people killed in Kotli and 1 killed in Mirpur.<ref name="j">{{cite news |title=Clashes in Pakistan-administered Kashmir kill 11 ahead of protest |work=Reuters |date=8 June 2026 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/clashes-pakistan-administered-kashmir-kill-11-ahead-protest-2026-06-08/}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2026-06-14 |title=Pakistan defense minister urges ‘complete obedience to state’ amid Azad Kashmir unrest |url=https://arab.news/4779x |access-date=2026-06-19 |website=Arab News |language=en}}</ref>

Thousands of protesters gathered in Rawalakot and surrounding areas despite restrictions imposed by authorities. Demonstrators accused the government of attempting to suppress political dissent and prevent mobilisation against the refugee-seat system. Security personnel were deployed throughout the city and road access to several locations was restricted.<ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="Frontline" />

Accounts of the violence differed between officials and protest organisers. Government representatives stated that demonstrators attacked security personnel, attempted to breach security cordons and damaged public property. Protest organisers, eyewitnesses and several media outlets alleged that police and paramilitary forces opened fire on demonstrators and used excessive force, including live ammunition, against largely unarmed protesters. JKJAAC leader Shaukat Nawaz Mir described the events in Rawalakot as a "massacre" and vowed to continue the protest movement despite the crackdown.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" /><ref name="TheHinduClashes" /><ref name="KTFire" /><ref name="NDTV30" /><ref name="HTFire" /><ref name="j" />

Independent reporting confirmed that live ammunition was used during at least some of the confrontations, although accounts differed regarding the circumstances that led to the shootings and the sequence of events preceding the violence.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" />

The clashes quickly became the deadliest episode of unrest in Azad Kashmir since the protest movements of 2024 and 2025 and attracted extensive international media coverage.<ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="BBCClashes" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" />

==Casualties and injuries==
===Deaths===
Casualty figures reported during the protests varied substantially between sources.

Reuters, Associated Press, ABC News and Al Jazeera initially reported that at least 11 people were killed and more than 70 injured during clashes between protesters and security forces in Rawalakot and surrounding areas.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" /><ref name="ABCClashes" /><ref name="APStrike" />

Subsequent reporting by NDTV, Frontline, Times of India, Kashmir Times and other outlets cited protest organisers and activists who alleged that the death toll exceeded 30 and that more than 200 people had been injured during the crackdown.<ref name="NDTV30">{{cite news |title=Over 30 dead, 200 injured as security forces open fire on protesters in PoK |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/over-30-dead-200-injured-as-security-forces-open-fire-on-protesters-in-pok-11611606 |work=NDTV |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="TOI30">{{cite news |title=Pakistan launches manhunt for four PoK protesters after crackdown |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/pakistan-launches-manhunt-for-four-pok-protesters-after-crackdown-killing-19-kids-7-pregnant-women/articleshow/131625952.cms |work=The Times of India |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="KTFire">{{cite web |title=Police open fire on protesters in PAJK, killing at least eleven |url=https://kashmirtimes.com/news/police-open-fire-on-protesters-in-pajk-killing-at-least-eleven |publisher=Kashmir Times |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Authorities disputed several of the higher casualty estimates, while human-rights organisations called for independent investigations into the deaths and injuries reported during the unrest.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

===Injuries===
More than 70 people were reported injured during the Rawalakot clashes, including protesters, civilians and members of the security forces.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" />

Hospitals in Rawalakot and neighbouring districts treated victims suffering from gunshot wounds, injuries caused by crowd-control measures and other protest-related violence.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="TheHinduClashes" />

Additional injuries were reported during demonstrations and confrontations that occurred during the region-wide strike on 9 June.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" />

===Use of force allegations===

The actions of Pakistani security forces during the protests became a major source of controversy. Protest organisers, civil society groups and several media outlets alleged that police and paramilitary personnel used excessive force against demonstrators, including the use of live ammunition, tear gas and baton charges during efforts to disperse crowds.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" /><ref name="KTFire">{{cite web |title=Police open fire on protesters in PAJK, killing at least eleven |url=https://kashmirtimes.com/news/police-open-fire-on-protesters-in-pajk-killing-at-least-eleven |publisher=Kashmir Times |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

According to Reuters, clashes erupted after authorities attempted to prevent demonstrations organised by the banned JAAC, resulting in deaths and injuries among both protesters and security personnel.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" /> Protest leaders and eyewitnesses alleged that security forces opened fire on demonstrators in Rawalakot and other locations, contributing to the high casualty figures reported during the unrest.<ref name="KTFire" /><ref name="NDTV30">{{cite news |title=Over 30 dead, 200 injured as security forces open fire on protesters in PoK |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/over-30-dead-200-injured-as-security-forces-open-fire-on-protesters-in-pok-11611606 |work=NDTV |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="HTFire">{{cite news |title=PoK erupts over a ban, Pak forces fire at protesters; several killed |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pok-erupts-over-a-ban-pak-forces-fire-at-protesters-several-killed-as-asim-munirs-kashmir-claims-exposed-again-101781011036554.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Several reports alleged that women and children were among those killed or injured during the crackdown. The Times of India, citing activists and protest organisers, reported allegations that numerous minors and pregnant women were among the victims. These claims could not be independently verified by international news agencies at the time of reporting.<ref name="TOICasualties">{{cite news |title=Pakistan launches manhunt for four PoK protesters after crackdown killing 19 kids, 7 pregnant women |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/pakistan-launches-manhunt-for-four-pok-protesters-after-crackdown-killing-19-kids-7-pregnant-women/articleshow/131625952.cms |work=The Times of India |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Authorities rejected accusations that security forces had deliberately targeted peaceful protesters. Government representatives maintained that force was used only after demonstrators attacked security personnel, damaged public property and attempted to breach security cordons. Officials stated that law-enforcement personnel acted in accordance with security procedures and denied allegations of indiscriminate firing.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="APStrike" />

Amnesty International criticised the authorities' response to the protests and called for independent investigations into allegations of excessive force, arbitrary arrests and restrictions on freedom of assembly. The organisation stated that anti-terror legislation should not be used to suppress peaceful political dissent and urged Pakistani authorities to ensure accountability for any human-rights violations committed during the unrest.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

The allegations of excessive force became a central issue in subsequent domestic and international discussions regarding the protests, with human-rights advocates, diaspora organisations and opposition groups demanding transparent investigations into the deaths and injuries reported during the crackdown.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="TOIDiaspora" /><ref name="IndiaTodayUK">{{cite news |title=PoK killings spark protests in UK; British MPs express concern |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-killing-news-protest-in-united-kingdom-pak-consulate-british-mps-concern-2923954-2026-06-09 |work=India Today |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Several media organisations continued to report allegations by protest organisers that civilians, including women and children, were among those affected during the government's crackdown on the demonstrations. Protest leaders accused Pakistani security forces of employing excessive force to disperse gatherings and suppress the movement, while also alleging arbitrary arrests and intimidation of activists.<ref name="Hawk25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests: Pakistan accused of targeting women, children using starvation tactics |url=https://www.thehawk.in/news/world/pok-protests-pakistan-accused-of-targeting-women-children-using-starvation-tactics |website=The Hawk |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18Starving25Jun2026">{{cite news |title='People Are Starving': PoK Protesters Accuse Pakistan Of Failing Them And Crushing Dissent |url=https://www.news18.com/world/people-are-starving-pok-protesters-accuse-pakistan-of-failing-them-and-crushing-dissent-ws-l-10170336.html |work=News18 |date=24 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

According to protest representatives, the continued deployment of police and paramilitary personnel, combined with restrictions on movement and the transportation of essential supplies, intensified humanitarian concerns in several districts. Activists alleged that these measures disproportionately affected vulnerable groups, including women, children and elderly residents. Pakistani authorities denied deliberately targeting civilians and maintained that security operations were conducted solely to restore public order and prevent further violence.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Human rights advocates and protest organisers continued to call for independent investigations into the deaths, injuries and arrests reported during the unrest. They also urged Pakistani authorities to ensure accountability for any unlawful use of force and to safeguard the rights to peaceful assembly, freedom of expression and political participation.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

===General strike of 9 June===
On 9 June 2026, the JAAC's call for a shutter-down and wheel-jam strike was widely observed across Pakistan-occupied Kashmir. A region-wide strike called by the JKJAAC on 9 June resulted in the closure of markets, businesses, educational institutions and transport services across much of Azad Kashmir. Thousands of supporters participated in demonstrations despite restrictions imposed by the authorities. Reports from Muzaffarabad and other urban centres indicated that commercial activity was largely suspended and public transport services were significantly disrupted.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="TheHinduMarkets">{{cite news |title=Markets, streets deserted in different parts of Azad Kashmir after JAAC protest call |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/markets-streets-deserted-in-different-parts-of-pok-after-jaacs-protest-call/article71083633.ece |work=The Hindu |date=10 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="p">{{cite news |title=A banned group's call for a strike halts business and transport across Pakistan-administered Kashmir |work=Associated Press |date=9 June 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/7b4f5e038abd227415dd0aeb32e5ebe3}}</ref>

Markets remained closed in Muzaffarabad, Rawalakot, Kotli, Bagh, Mirpur and other towns as protesters responded to the strike call. Streets in several cities were reported to be largely deserted, while public transport services were significantly disrupted.<ref name="TheHinduMarkets" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

According to Reuters, the strike represented one of the largest coordinated shutdowns in the territory in recent years. Protest leaders declared that the movement would continue until authorities addressed demands relating to political representation, governance and economic reforms.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" />

Associated Press reported that the strike affected businesses and transportation across large parts of the territory, demonstrating the organisational capacity of the JAAC despite the government's decision to ban the movement.<ref name="APStrike" />

===Long march===

A central component of the protest campaign was a planned long march toward Muzaffarabad. Organisers described the march as a peaceful demonstration intended to pressure authorities into addressing longstanding grievances regarding governance and representation.<ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" />

Government authorities attempted to prevent the march through arrests, checkpoints and restrictions on movement. Protest organisers accused officials of seeking to obstruct peaceful political activity, while authorities argued that restrictions were necessary to prevent violence and maintain public order.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APArrests" /><ref name="WIONBan" />

Despite these measures, groups of demonstrators continued to assemble and attempted to proceed toward Muzaffarabad from various districts, leading to additional confrontations with security forces and further arrests.<ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="TheHinduMarkets" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

===Continuation of the long march===

Following the expiry of the JAAC's 23 June deadline, protest leaders announced that the planned long march towards [[Muzaffarabad]] would proceed as scheduled despite increased security measures and reports that authorities were attempting to prevent demonstrators from reaching the capital. JAAC representatives rejected speculation that the march had been postponed, stating that the movement would continue until its constitutional and political demands were addressed.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Speaking at public gatherings in [[Rawalakot]], JAAC leaders urged supporters to remain peaceful while continuing preparations for the march. Organisers stated that discussions with government representatives had failed to produce an agreement on the movement's principal demands, including the abolition of the 12 refugee seats in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]], constitutional reforms and the implementation of the committee's 38-point charter.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Thousands of demonstrators continued to participate in rallies and public meetings across [[Rawalakot]], [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]] and other districts. Protest organisers described the mobilisation as one of the largest sustained protest movements in Pakistan-administered Kashmir in recent years, with traders, lawyers, transport workers, students and civil society organisations continuing to support the campaign despite the government's designation of the JAAC as a prohibited organisation.<ref name="ABP25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests against Pakistani government continue, thousands gather in Rawalakot |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/world/pok-protests-against-pakistani-government-continue-thousand-of-peopel-gather-in-rawalakot-ann-3150499 |website=ABP Live |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

Pakistani authorities maintained extensive security deployments throughout the territory, including checkpoints on major highways and roads leading towards Muzaffarabad. Protest leaders alleged that security forces were attempting to prevent participants from joining the march by restricting movement between districts and monitoring the activities of organisers. Officials maintained that the measures were necessary to preserve public order and prevent further violence.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

JAAC leaders stated that the movement would continue until political prisoners were released, restrictions imposed following the ban on the organisation were withdrawn and meaningful negotiations commenced regarding constitutional reforms. They further reiterated that the long march represented a peaceful campaign intended to secure greater political representation and institutional reforms rather than a violent confrontation with the authorities.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

===Negotiations===

Throughout late June 2026, representatives of the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC) continued discussions with officials of the [[Government of Azad Kashmir]] in an attempt to resolve the ongoing protests. Despite multiple rounds of negotiations, protest leaders stated that no agreement had been reached on the movement's principal constitutional and political demands.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

JAAC representatives stated that the government had requested additional time to consider the movement's proposals, including constitutional amendments, the abolition of the 12 refugee seats in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]], and implementation of the committee's 38-point charter. Protest leaders, however, maintained that demonstrations and preparations for the proposed long march would continue while negotiations remained inconclusive.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/>

According to JAAC leaders, the movement was prepared to suspend protest activities only after the government formally accepted its principal demands. They rejected reports suggesting that the proposed long march had been cancelled or indefinitely postponed, reiterating that the campaign would continue until meaningful progress had been achieved through negotiations.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/>

Government representatives continued to urge restraint while discussions remained ongoing. Authorities maintained that dialogue represented the preferred mechanism for resolving the dispute but also stated that security measures would remain in force until public order had been restored across the territory.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="ABP25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests against Pakistani government continue, thousands gather in Rawalakot |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/world/pok-protests-against-pakistani-government-continue-thousand-of-peopel-gather-in-rawalakot-ann-3150499 |website=ABP Live |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

===Participation of women, students and children===

As the protests entered a prolonged phase in late June, women, students and schoolchildren emerged as some of the most visible participants in demonstrations organised by the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC). Large numbers of women attended rallies, public meetings and protest marches across [[Rawalakot]], [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]] and neighbouring districts, while students participated in demonstrations demanding constitutional reforms and greater political representation for residents of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]].<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Women, schoolchildren fuel massive PoK protests against Pakistan as June 23 deadline ends today |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/world/women-schoolchildren-fuel-massive-pok-protests-against-pakistan-as-june-23-deadline-ends-today-article-13956326.html |work=Moneycontrol |date=23 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

According to protest organisers, women assumed increasingly prominent leadership roles as demonstrations continued despite the government's ban on the JAAC. Local committees organised neighbourhood meetings and rallies in which women addressed crowds alongside lawyers, traders and student representatives. Organisers stated that broad participation by women and young people reflected growing public dissatisfaction with the territory's political and constitutional arrangements.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

Several media organisations reported that schoolchildren and university students also joined the demonstrations, carrying banners and chanting slogans supporting the movement's demands. Protest leaders described the participation of younger residents as evidence that the movement had expanded beyond its original economic grievances to encompass wider constitutional and governance issues.<ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

Protest organisers further alleged that Pakistani security personnel attempted to prevent women from travelling to demonstration sites by establishing checkpoints on major roads and restricting access to protest venues. According to News18, activists accused members of the [[Pakistan Rangers]] of stopping vehicles carrying female demonstrators and preventing them from joining public gatherings in some areas.<ref name="News18Women25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Pakistan Rangers Crack Down On Women In PoK, Block Them From Joining Protests |url=https://www.news18.com/world/pakistan-rangers-crack-down-on-women-in-pok-block-them-from-joining-protests-ws-l-10172344.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The allegations were rejected by Pakistani authorities, who maintained that security measures introduced across the territory were intended to preserve public order and regulate public gatherings rather than target any particular group of demonstrators. Protest leaders nevertheless continued to encourage the participation of women and students, describing their involvement as central to the movement's campaign for constitutional reforms and political representation.<ref name="News18Women25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

Political analysts observed that the sustained participation of women, students and children distinguished the 2026 protests from earlier demonstrations in the territory, transforming the movement from a predominantly trader-led campaign into a broader civil society mobilisation encompassing multiple sections of the population.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/><ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026"/>

===Military helicopter crash===
On 10 June 2026, a Pakistan Army MI-17 helicopter crashed near Muzaffarabad, killing all military personnel on board. According to the Pakistani military, the helicopter crashed shortly after takeoff because of a technical fault. The aircraft was reportedly transporting security personnel deployed in the region during the ongoing protest-related security operation. One of the military helicopters used in surveillance crashed over Muzaffarabad, killing all 22 personnel onboard.<ref name="APHelicopter">{{cite news |title=Pakistan army helicopter crashes in Kashmir because of technical fault, killing all on board |url=https://apnews.com/article/ead694987cabae2f7f4be9cdd5fabaec |work=Associated Press |date=10 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="ReutersHelicopter">{{cite news |title=Pakistan says all aboard military helicopter killed in crash in Pakistani Kashmir |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistan-says-all-aboard-military-helicopter-killed-crash-pakistani-kashmir-2026-06-10/ |work=Reuters |date=10 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name=":2" />

Pakistani authorities stated that there was no indication that the crash was connected to the protests or unrest in the region and announced an investigation into the incident. President Asif Ali Zardari, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and Chief of Army Staff Asim Munir issued condolence messages following the crash. Prime Minister [[Faisal Mumtaz Rathore]] stated that dialogue remained possible but maintained that constitutionally protected issues could not be altered without following legal procedures.<ref name="APHelicopter" /><ref name="ReutersHelicopter" />

==Communications restrictions==

Throughout the protests, authorities imposed restrictions on communications and movement across several parts of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]. Human rights organisations, protest leaders and media reports alleged that internet services were periodically disrupted and that security checkpoints were established on major highways connecting [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Rawalakot]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]] and other districts.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun"/><ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Protest organisers alleged that the restrictions were intended to prevent demonstrators from travelling between districts and to hinder the organisation of rallies and the proposed long march towards [[Muzaffarabad]]. According to activists, vehicles transporting protesters were subjected to searches and delays at security checkpoints, while movement on several highways was monitored by police and paramilitary personnel.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Reports published during the later stages of the protests also described interruptions in the movement of commercial vehicles transporting food, fuel and medicines into the territory. Protest leaders argued that these restrictions contributed to shortages of essential commodities in several districts, while Pakistani authorities maintained that temporary transportation disruptions resulted from security operations rather than an official blockade.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/><ref name="IndiaCom25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Pakistan's internal crisis: Blockade imposed in occupied Kashmir, cutting off food, medicine supplies amid protests |url=https://www.india.com/news/world/pakistans-internal-crisis-blockade-imposed-in-occupied-kashmir-cutting-off-food-medicine-supplies-amid-protests-8456862/ |website=India.com |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Amnesty International criticised the use of communication restrictions during the protests, stating that measures affecting internet access and freedom of assembly should comply with international human rights standards. The organisation called upon Pakistani authorities to refrain from using security legislation to suppress peaceful political activity and urged an end to arbitrary restrictions on communications and movement.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun"/>

Government officials defended the restrictions as temporary security measures introduced to preserve public order during the unrest. Authorities stated that roadblocks, checkpoints and communication controls were necessary to prevent violence and facilitate law enforcement operations while rejecting allegations that the measures were intended to suppress peaceful political dissent.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/>

==Blockade and humanitarian situation==

Following the expiry of the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC)'s 23 June ultimatum, protest leaders accused Pakistani authorities of imposing an effective blockade on [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]] by restricting the movement of essential commodities into the territory. According to protest organisers, security forces established checkpoints on major highways connecting the region with [[Punjab, Pakistan]], delaying or preventing the movement of trucks carrying food, fuel and medicines into several districts.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Residents in [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Rawalakot]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]] and the [[Neelum Valley]] reported shortages of flour, vegetables, cooking oil, petrol and medicines as commercial supplies were disrupted. Pharmacies and grocery stores reportedly experienced difficulty replenishing stocks, while long queues formed outside fuel stations in several towns. Protest organisers alleged that the restrictions were intended to weaken the movement by creating economic and humanitarian pressure on the local population.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/><ref name="IndiaCom25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Pakistan's internal crisis: Blockade imposed in occupied Kashmir, cutting off food, medicine supplies amid protests |url=https://www.india.com/news/world/pakistans-internal-crisis-blockade-imposed-in-occupied-kashmir-cutting-off-food-medicine-supplies-amid-protests-8456862/ |website=India.com |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Several residents told media organisations that they had travelled to [[Rawalpindi]] and [[Islamabad]] to purchase essential medicines and household supplies that had become unavailable locally. Protest leaders also alleged that trucks carrying flour, vegetables and other necessities were prevented from entering the territory, contributing to rising prices and shortages in local markets.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

The JAAC accused Pakistani authorities of employing "starvation tactics" against civilians by restricting access to essential goods. According to protest representatives, women, children and elderly residents were disproportionately affected by the shortages. Some activists described the measures as an attempt to force demonstrators to abandon the protest movement through economic hardship rather than direct confrontation.<ref name="Hawk25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests: Pakistan accused of targeting women, children using starvation tactics |url=https://www.thehawk.in/news/world/pok-protests-pakistan-accused-of-targeting-women-children-using-starvation-tactics |website=The Hawk |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18Starving25Jun2026">{{cite news |title='People Are Starving': PoK Protesters Accuse Pakistan Of Failing Them And Crushing Dissent |url=https://www.news18.com/world/people-are-starving-pok-protesters-accuse-pakistan-of-failing-them-and-crushing-dissent-ws-l-10170336.html |work=News18 |date=24 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Pakistani authorities denied imposing a blockade and maintained that security measures introduced across the territory were intended to preserve public order during the ongoing unrest. Officials rejected allegations that humanitarian supplies had been deliberately restricted and stated that transportation disruptions were the result of security operations and protest-related road closures rather than government policy.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/>

The reported shortages became a significant issue during the later phase of the protests, with both domestic and international media highlighting growing humanitarian concerns alongside the movement's political demands. Protest organisers warned that unless restrictions were lifted and negotiations resumed, shortages of food, fuel and medicines would continue to worsen across the territory.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="News18Starving25Jun2026"/>

==Government response==
The Government of Azad Kashmir and federal authorities defended the measures taken during the unrest, arguing that the restrictions were necessary to maintain public order and prevent further violence. Officials accused elements within the protest movement of encouraging confrontation with security forces and disrupting public services.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="ABCClashes" /> Authorities maintained that the designation of the JAAC under anti-terror legislation was justified by concerns regarding security and stability. Government representatives stated that law enforcement agencies had acted to prevent escalation and to ensure the safety of residents during the protests. Pakistan Defence Minister [[Khawaja Asif]] urged "complete obedience to state."<ref name=":3" />

Following the outbreak of violence, security deployments were increased throughout the territory. Police, paramilitary personnel and other security forces were stationed in major urban centres, while checkpoints were established on roads leading to Muzaffarabad and other strategic locations.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="USEmbassy" />

Authorities also defended internet restrictions and movement controls imposed during the unrest, arguing that such measures were necessary to prevent the spread of violence and misinformation. Protest organisers and human-rights groups rejected this justification, claiming that the restrictions hindered freedom of expression and access to information.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="WIONBan" />

Government officials rejected allegations that security forces had deliberately targeted peaceful protesters, maintaining that force was used only when demonstrations became violent. Protest leaders disputed these claims and accused security personnel of employing excessive force against demonstrators.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" /><ref name="TheHinduClashes" />

===Negotiations and continued security measures===

Following the expiry of the JAAC's 23 June ultimatum, authorities continued negotiations with representatives of the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC) in an effort to defuse the protests. Protest leaders, however, maintained that no agreement had been reached on the movement's principal demands and rejected reports that the planned long march had been postponed. They stated that demonstrations would continue until meaningful constitutional and political reforms were implemented.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Pakistani authorities maintained an extensive security presence throughout Pakistan-occupied Kashmir, with police and paramilitary personnel deployed at major intersections, government buildings and highways connecting the territory with [[Punjab, Pakistan]]. Checkpoints remained in place on routes leading to [[Muzaffarabad]] and other major towns, while security personnel continued to monitor the movement of protesters and organisers.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

According to protest organisers, security forces continued to restrict travel between districts by establishing roadblocks and conducting vehicle inspections, making it difficult for demonstrators to reach planned protest sites. JAAC leaders alleged that these measures were intended to reduce participation in rallies and the proposed long march, while government officials maintained that they were necessary to preserve law and order and prevent further violence.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/>

Authorities also continued to defend the decision to prohibit the JAAC under anti-terrorism legislation, maintaining that the organisation's activities posed a threat to public order. Protest leaders rejected the designation, arguing that the movement remained peaceful and that the ban had been used to justify arrests, restrictions on public assembly and increased surveillance of activists.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Despite the continued security measures, demonstrations persisted in several districts throughout late June, with protest organisers reiterating that negotiations would continue only if the government agreed to discuss constitutional amendments, electoral reforms and the implementation of the JAAC's 38-point charter.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="ABP25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests against Pakistani government continue, thousands gather in Rawalakot |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/world/pok-protests-against-pakistani-government-continue-thousand-of-peopel-gather-in-rawalakot-ann-3150499 |website=ABP Live |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

==International reaction==

===Amnesty International===

Amnesty International strongly criticised the government's response to the protests. The organisation condemned the designation of the JAAC as a terrorist organisation and described the move as a dangerous escalation in the treatment of political dissent in Azad Kashmir.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

The organisation expressed concern regarding reports of arbitrary arrests, internet shutdowns, restrictions on freedom of assembly and allegations of excessive force against protesters. Amnesty called upon Pakistani authorities to respect international human-rights obligations and ensure accountability for any violations committed during the unrest.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

===United States===

Prior to the planned demonstrations, the United States Embassy in Pakistan issued a security advisory warning of possible disruptions associated with the protests. The advisory noted the possibility of transportation interruptions, communication restrictions and security incidents and advised American citizens to avoid areas where demonstrations were expected to occur.<ref name="USEmbassy" />

The advisory was widely cited by international media as evidence of concerns regarding the potential scale of the unrest and the likelihood of significant disruptions across the territory.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" />

===India===

The protests received significant attention in India, where officials and media outlets monitored developments in Pakistan-administered Kashmir. Indian media extensively reported on the JAAC's demands, the ban imposed on the organisation, the violence in Rawalakot and allegations of human-rights violations.<ref name="TheHinduClashes" /><ref name="TheHinduMarkets" /><ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="WIONBan" />

The Ministry of External Affairs reiterated India's longstanding position regarding territories administered by Pakistan and criticised political developments affecting the region. Coverage of the protests frequently appeared within broader discussions relating to the Kashmir dispute and governance issues in Pakistan-administered territories.<ref name="MEA2026">{{cite web |title=India lodges strong protest regarding holding of General Elections in Gilgit-Baltistan |url=https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases?dtl/41268/India_lodges_strong_protest_regarding_holding_of_General_Elections_in_GilgitBaltistan |publisher=Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

===Pakistan===

The continued protests prompted renewed debate within Pakistan regarding the constitutional status and political identity of residents of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]. During the unrest, Pakistan's Defence Minister [[Khawaja Asif]] stated that residents of the territory were "not Kashmiris" but Pakistanis, arguing that they should identify themselves with Pakistan rather than as a separate political entity. His remarks drew criticism from protest leaders and opposition figures, who argued that the statement contradicted Pakistan's longstanding official position regarding the disputed status of the region.<ref name="Firstpost25Jun2026">{{cite news |title='You're Not Kashmiris': Pak Defence Minister Dismisses Identity Of PoK Residents Amid Ongoing Protests |url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/youre-not-kashmiris-pak-defence-minister-dismisses-identity-of-pok-residents-amid-ongoing-protests-14025750.html |work=Firstpost |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Leaders of the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC) accused the federal government of attempting to undermine the political identity of the territory while refusing to address longstanding constitutional and governance concerns. Protest organisers stated that the movement sought greater political representation, constitutional reforms and increased local autonomy rather than the abolition of the territory's distinct political identity.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Political commentators observed that the Defence Minister's remarks generated additional controversy at a time when demonstrations were expanding across the territory. Several analysts argued that the comments further strengthened the protesters' claims that residents of Pakistan-administered Kashmir lacked meaningful political representation within Pakistan's constitutional framework.<ref name="PrintOpinion25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK protests & Pakistan: Newsmaker of the Week |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/newsmaker-of-the-week/pok-protests-pakistan-kashmir/2958714/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Despite the controversy, Pakistani authorities continued to maintain that the security measures adopted during the protests were intended solely to preserve public order and denied allegations that the federal government was attempting to suppress peaceful political dissent.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

===Human rights organisations===

In addition to Amnesty International, several civil-society organisations and activists expressed concern regarding the treatment of protesters and the use of anti-terror legislation against a political movement. Critics argued that criminalising protest activity risked undermining freedoms of assembly, association and expression.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="Frontline" />

Advocacy groups called for transparent investigations into the deaths and injuries reported during the unrest and urged authorities to release individuals detained solely for peaceful political activities.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

==Diaspora response==

The protests received significant attention among members of the Kashmiri diaspora, particularly in the [[United Kingdom]], where demonstrations, public meetings and solidarity campaigns were organised following reports of clashes between protesters and Pakistani security forces. Diaspora organisations called for international scrutiny of the situation in Pakistan-administered Kashmir and urged foreign governments and human rights organisations to monitor developments in the territory.<ref name="IndiaTodayUK">{{cite news |title=PoK killings spark protests in UK; British MPs express concern |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-killing-news-protest-in-united-kingdom-pak-consulate-british-mps-concern-2923954-2026-06-09 |work=India Today |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="TOIDiaspora">{{cite web |title=Kashmiri diaspora stages massive UK protests against alleged military crackdown in PoJK |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/videos/kashmiri-diaspora-stages-massive-uk-protests-against-alleged-military-crackdown-in-pojk/videoshow/131601146.cms |website=The Times of India |date=June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Demonstrators gathered outside Pakistani diplomatic missions and organised rallies in support of the protest movement, condemning the reported use of force against demonstrators and expressing support for the constitutional and political demands advanced by the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC). Protesters also criticised the designation of the JAAC as a prohibited organisation and called for the release of detained activists.<ref name="IndiaTodayUK"/><ref name="TOIDiaspora"/>

Diaspora organisations continued to highlight reports of alleged restrictions on movement, shortages of food, fuel and medicines and the participation of women and students in the demonstrations. Several groups appealed to international human rights organisations to investigate allegations of excessive force, arbitrary arrests and restrictions on freedom of assembly during the protests.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The continued demonstrations in late June sustained international attention on the movement, with diaspora groups maintaining public campaigns through rallies, petitions and social media. Activists stated that these efforts were intended to increase international awareness of the protesters' demands and encourage external scrutiny of developments in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.<ref name="TOIDiaspora"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

===Political and media commentary===

The continued demonstrations attracted widespread attention from political commentators and regional media, many of whom described the protests as the most significant challenge to Pakistan's administration of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]] since the large-scale demonstrations of 2024 and 2025. Analysts noted that the movement had evolved from an economic campaign into a broader constitutional movement centred on political representation, governance reforms and the relationship between the territory and the federal government.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK protests & Pakistan: Newsmaker of the Week |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/newsmaker-of-the-week/pok-protests-pakistan-kashmir/2958714/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Several commentators observed that the participation of traders, lawyers, transport workers, women, students and civil society organisations distinguished the 2026 protests from previous movements in the territory. They argued that the broad social composition of the demonstrations reflected growing public dissatisfaction with existing constitutional arrangements and governance in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Women, schoolchildren fuel massive PoK protests against Pakistan as June 23 deadline ends today |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/world/women-schoolchildren-fuel-massive-pok-protests-against-pakistan-as-june-23-deadline-ends-today-article-13956326.html |work=Moneycontrol |date=23 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Coverage of the later stages of the protests increasingly focused on allegations of restrictions on movement, shortages of food, fuel and medicines, and the continuation of the proposed long march despite the government's security measures. While protest organisers described these developments as evidence of an escalating humanitarian situation, Pakistani authorities maintained that the restrictions were temporary security measures implemented to preserve public order.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18Starving25Jun2026">{{cite news |title='People Are Starving': PoK Protesters Accuse Pakistan Of Failing Them And Crushing Dissent |url=https://www.news18.com/world/people-are-starving-pok-protesters-accuse-pakistan-of-failing-them-and-crushing-dissent-ws-l-10170336.html |work=News18 |date=24 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

==Aftermath==

By late June 2026, the protests had developed into one of the largest sustained protest movements in the history of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]. Despite the ban on the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC), arrests of activists and an extensive security deployment across the territory, demonstrations continued in [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Rawalakot]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]], [[Mirpur, Azad Kashmir|Mirpur]] and other districts. Protest leaders stated that the movement would continue until the government accepted their principal constitutional and political demands.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The demonstrations increasingly evolved beyond their initial focus on electoral representation and the abolition of the 12 reserved refugee seats in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]. Political analysts observed that the movement had broadened into a wider campaign calling for constitutional reforms, greater local autonomy, administrative accountability and increased control over the territory's political and economic affairs.<ref name="PrintOpinion25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK protests & Pakistan: Newsmaker of the Week |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/newsmaker-of-the-week/pok-protests-pakistan-kashmir/2958714/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The prolonged demonstrations also attracted increased participation from women, students, lawyers, traders and transport workers, transforming what had initially been a trader-led protest movement into a broader civil society mobilisation. Observers noted that participation by multiple sections of society contributed to the movement's ability to sustain demonstrations despite continuing arrests and security restrictions.<ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Women, schoolchildren fuel massive PoK protests against Pakistan as June 23 deadline ends today |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/world/women-schoolchildren-fuel-massive-pok-protests-against-pakistan-as-june-23-deadline-ends-today-article-13956326.html |work=Moneycontrol |date=23 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

Reports of shortages of food, fuel and medicines during the protests also attracted wider attention. Protest leaders accused Pakistani authorities of using restrictions on transportation and movement to pressure demonstrators by disrupting supplies of essential commodities. Pakistani authorities denied imposing a blockade, maintaining that temporary disruptions resulted from security measures implemented during the unrest.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndiaCom25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Pakistan's internal crisis: Blockade imposed in occupied Kashmir, cutting off food, medicine supplies amid protests |url=https://www.india.com/news/world/pakistans-internal-crisis-blockade-imposed-in-occupied-kashmir-cutting-off-food-medicine-supplies-amid-protests-8456862/ |website=India.com |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The protests received extensive coverage in Indian and international media, with several commentators describing the unrest as one of the most significant political challenges faced by the Government of Pakistan in the territory since the large-scale demonstrations of 2024 and 2025. Analysts suggested that the movement reflected broader dissatisfaction over governance, political representation and constitutional arrangements in Pakistan-administered Kashmir, while also exposing tensions between local political groups and the federal government.<ref name="PrintOpinion25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

As of late June 2026, no comprehensive political settlement had been reached between the government and the JAAC. Protest leaders reiterated that demonstrations, public meetings and preparations for the proposed long march would continue until substantive progress was made on their constitutional, political and economic demands, while authorities maintained that security measures would remain in force to preserve public order.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="ABP25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests against Pakistani government continue, thousands gather in Rawalakot |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/world/pok-protests-against-pakistani-government-continue-thousand-of-peopel-gather-in-rawalakot-ann-3150499 |website=ABP Live |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

==Impact==

The protests significantly disrupted daily life across [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]], with repeated strikes, demonstrations and security operations affecting transportation, commerce and public services in several districts. Markets and businesses remained closed during periods of the unrest, while public transport services were suspended or operated on a limited basis in response to strike calls issued by the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC).<ref name="Reuters9Jun"/><ref name="TheHinduMarkets"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The movement also affected the supply of essential commodities in parts of the territory. Residents and protest organisers reported shortages of food, fuel and medicines, alleging that security restrictions on highways disrupted commercial transportation into the region. Pakistani authorities denied imposing a blockade and stated that temporary disruptions resulted from measures introduced to maintain public order during the protests.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndiaCom25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Pakistan's internal crisis: Blockade imposed in occupied Kashmir, cutting off food, medicine supplies amid protests |url=https://www.india.com/news/world/pakistans-internal-crisis-blockade-imposed-in-occupied-kashmir-cutting-off-food-medicine-supplies-amid-protests-8456862/ |website=India.com |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Educational institutions, commercial establishments and government offices experienced intermittent disruptions as demonstrations continued throughout June. Public gatherings, road closures and security checkpoints affected travel between districts, while authorities maintained an increased police and paramilitary presence in major towns including [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Rawalakot]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]] and [[Kotli]].<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/>

The prolonged demonstrations also elevated constitutional reform and political representation to the forefront of public debate within Pakistan-administered Kashmir. Analysts observed that issues previously discussed primarily by political organisations became subjects of wider public mobilisation, contributing to one of the most sustained protest movements in the territory in recent years.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

===Media bias===
As the movement expanded, sections of Pakistan's mainstream electronic media and pro-establishment commentators tried to frame the JKJAAC in security-centric terms, portraying it as a potential "anti-state actor." These claims, often presented without substantive evidence, tried to shift the public discourse away from issues of governance, economic hardship, and political accountability toward narratives centred on patriotism and national security.<ref name=":1" />

==Political analysis==

Political analysts described the 2026 protests as a significant shift in the political landscape of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]], arguing that the movement had evolved beyond economic grievances into a broader campaign for constitutional reform and political representation. Commentators observed that while earlier protest movements in 2024 and 2025 had primarily focused on electricity tariffs, subsidies and taxation, the 2026 demonstrations centred on questions of governance, electoral representation and the constitutional relationship between Pakistan and the territory.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK protests & Pakistan: Newsmaker of the Week |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/newsmaker-of-the-week/pok-protests-pakistan-kashmir/2958714/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

According to ''ThePrint'', the movement represented an unprecedented challenge to Pakistan's administrative framework in the territory because its demands increasingly focused on constitutional amendments rather than solely economic concessions. Analysts noted that the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC) had broadened its support base by bringing together traders, lawyers, transport workers, students, women and civil society organisations under a common political platform.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Several commentators observed that the continued participation of women, students and young people distinguished the protests from previous movements in the territory. Rather than remaining a campaign led primarily by traders' associations, the demonstrations expanded into a wider civil society movement encompassing multiple professional and social groups. Analysts suggested that this broader participation contributed to the protests' ability to continue despite the government's ban on the JAAC and the deployment of additional security forces.<ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Women, schoolchildren fuel massive PoK protests against Pakistan as June 23 deadline ends today |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/world/women-schoolchildren-fuel-massive-pok-protests-against-pakistan-as-june-23-deadline-ends-today-article-13956326.html |work=Moneycontrol |date=23 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

Commentary published by several media organisations argued that the unrest exposed longstanding tensions over governance and political representation in Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The continuing demonstrations, coupled with allegations of restrictions on movement and shortages of essential commodities, were described as reflecting wider dissatisfaction among sections of the territory's population with existing constitutional and administrative arrangements.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Some analysts further suggested that the movement demonstrated a transition from issue-specific protests towards a sustained political mobilisation seeking institutional reform. They argued that the prominence of constitutional demands, together with calls for greater local representation and administrative accountability, differentiated the 2026 protests from previous waves of unrest in the territory.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

==See also==

* [[2024 Azad Kashmir protests]]
* [[2025 Azad Kashmir protests]]
* [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]]
* [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Kashmir conflict]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Azad Kashmir protests, 2026}}

[[Category:2026 protests]]
[[Category:2026 in Azad Kashmir]]
[[Category:June 2026 events in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Politics of Azad Kashmir]]
[[Category:Political controversies in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Protests in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Riots and civil disorder in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Civil disorder in Asia]]
[[Category:Kashmir conflict]]
[[Category:Human rights abuses in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Internet censorship in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Political movements in Kashmir]]

2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests

2026-06-25T17:16:28Z

Simba:

{{Short description|Protests in Pakistan-administered Kashmir}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2026}}

{{Infobox civil conflict
| title = 2026 Azad Kashmir protests
| date = {{Start date|2026|6|5}} – ongoing
| place = [[Pakistan occupide Kashmir]]
| causes =

* Dispute over 12 reserved refugee seats
* Political representation
* Governance concerns
* Economic grievances
* Electricity tariffs and subsidies
| goals =
* Abolition of refugee seats
* Implementation of JAAC's 38-point charter
* Greater political representation
* Governance reforms
| methods =
* General strikes
* Long marches
* Demonstrations
* Road blockades
| result =
* JAAC banned under anti-terror legislation
* Internet and communication restrictions imposed
* Arrests and sedition cases filed
* Multiple deaths and injuries
| side1 = [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]]
| side2 =
* [[Government of Pakistan]]
* [[Government of Azad Kashmir]]
* [[Azad Kashmir Police]]
* [[Punjab Rangers]]
* [[Federal Constabulary]]
| casualties1 =
* At least 30 protesters reported killed
* More than 200 reported injured
| casualties2 =
* Unknown
}}

The '''2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests''' are an ongoing protest movement that began in June 2026 across '''[[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]''' (PoK), officially administered by Pakistan as '''[[Azad Jammu and Kashmir]]''' (AJK), a territory claimed by India as part of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. The demonstrations were organised primarily by the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC), a coalition of traders, lawyers, transport workers, students and civil society organisations. Initially centred on opposition to the continued reservation of 12 seats in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] for refugees residing elsewhere in Pakistan, the movement subsequently expanded to include demands for constitutional reforms, greater political representation, administrative accountability and implementation of the JAAC's 38-point charter.<ref name="Reuters9Jun"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

The protests intensified after the Government of Azad Kashmir designated the JAAC as a prohibited organisation under anti-terrorism legislation on 5 June 2026. Authorities arrested activists, imposed restrictions on communications and movement, and deployed additional police and paramilitary forces throughout the territory. Clashes between protesters and security personnel, particularly in [[Rawalakot]], resulted in multiple deaths and injuries, prompting criticism from human rights organisations including [[Amnesty International]], which expressed concern over the use of anti-terror legislation, arbitrary arrests and restrictions on freedom of assembly.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun"/><ref name="ReutersRawalakot"/><ref name="BBCClashes"/>

Following the expiry of the JAAC's ultimatum on 23 June, demonstrations continued across [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Rawalakot]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]], [[Mirpur, Azad Kashmir|Mirpur]] and other districts. Protest leaders rejected reports that the planned long march towards Muzaffarabad had been postponed and stated that the movement would continue until meaningful progress had been made on constitutional amendments and political reforms. Women, students and schoolchildren emerged as prominent participants in the demonstrations, transforming the movement from a trader-led campaign into a broader civil society mobilisation.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

During the later stages of the protests, demonstrators accused Pakistani authorities of restricting the movement of food, fuel and medicines into the territory, resulting in reported shortages of essential commodities in several districts. Pakistani authorities denied imposing a blockade and maintained that transportation disruptions resulted from security measures introduced during the unrest. By late June 2026, the protests had become one of the largest sustained political movements in Pakistan-administered Kashmir in recent years, attracting extensive attention from regional and international media.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="IndiaCom25Jun2026"/>

==Background==

Mass protest movements have periodically emerged in POK over issues relating to governance, economic conditions and political representation. During 2024 and 2025, demonstrations organised by traders, transport workers and civil society groups focused on electricity tariffs, wheat subsidies, taxation and the distribution of public resources. These movements resulted in negotiations with authorities and partial concessions, but many demands remained unresolved.<ref name="Frontline">{{cite web |title=Why Pakistan-administered Kashmir is witnessing mass protests |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/politics/why-pakistan-occupied-kashmir-is-witnessing-mass-protests/article71080112.ece |publisher=Frontline |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

The JAAC emerged as the principal umbrella organisation representing a broad coalition of traders' associations, transport unions, lawyers, students and activists. The movement increasingly shifted its focus from economic issues to constitutional and political questions, particularly representation within the territory's legislative institutions.<ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

Ahead of the 2026 legislative elections, controversy intensified regarding the 12 seats reserved for refugees from Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir living elsewhere in Pakistan. JAAC leaders argued that the arrangement diluted the political influence of residents living in Azad Kashmir and gave disproportionate electoral weight to voters residing outside the territory. Government officials and supporters of the system maintained that the reserved seats reflected the historical circumstances of the Kashmir dispute and ensured representation for displaced communities.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="TheHinduClashes">{{cite news |title=Pakistan-administered Kashmir clashes: Joint Awami Action Committee protestors killed |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/pakistan-occupied-kashmir-clashes-joint-awami-action-committee-protestors-killed/article71075418.ece |work=The Hindu |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

The dispute gained further prominence after legal and administrative decisions upheld the continuation of the refugee-seat arrangement. In response, the JAAC announced a region-wide campaign demanding constitutional reforms and the abolition of the reserved seats. Protest organisers warned that failure to address the issue would result in a long march and general strike across the territory.<ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum">{{cite web |title=PAJK protest movement issues election ultimatum, threatens June long march |url=https://kashmirtimes.com/news/pajk-protest-movement-issues-election-ultimatum-threatens-june-long-march |publisher=Kashmir Times |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="WIONBan">{{cite web |title=Protests intensify in Pakistan-administered Kashmir after government bans JAAC ahead of elections |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/protests-intensify-in-pakistan-occupied-kashmir-after-govt-bans-primary-advocacy-body-jaac-ahead-of-elections-1780835112422 |publisher=WION |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

==Demands==

The JAAC's programme combined economic, political and constitutional demands. Protest organisers argued that the existing political structure of Pakistan occupide Kashmir provided inadequate representation to residents and disproportionately favoured political elites and refugee constituencies located outside the territory.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="Frontline" />

Among the movement's principal demands was the abolition of 12 seats reserved in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] for refugees from Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir residing elsewhere in Pakistan. JAAC leaders argued that the arrangement distorted electoral representation and reduced the influence of residents living within the territory itself.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" />

The movement also demanded lower electricity tariffs, increased subsidies for wheat and essential commodities, greater local control over revenues generated by hydroelectric projects, reforms to public administration and increased accountability among elected officials. Protest organisers further called for the reduction of privileges and allowances granted to political officeholders and senior government officials.<ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="WIONBan" />

In May 2026, the JAAC issued a 38-point charter of demands and warned that a territory-wide strike and long march would be organised if negotiations with authorities failed to produce satisfactory results.<ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" /><ref name="WIONBan" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

The movement's demands evolved during the course of the protests, with constitutional reforms becoming increasingly prominent alongside its original economic and governance-related objectives. Protest leaders argued that the existing constitutional framework governing [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]] limited the political authority of locally elected institutions and called for amendments that would provide greater autonomy and democratic representation to residents of the territory.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The JAAC also reiterated its demand for the abolition of the 12 seats reserved in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] for refugees residing elsewhere in Pakistan. Protest organisers argued that the arrangement reduced the political representation of residents living within the territory and no longer reflected contemporary political realities. Government officials defended the system as part of the historical constitutional framework relating to the Kashmir dispute.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK protests & Pakistan: Newsmaker of the Week |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/newsmaker-of-the-week/pok-protests-pakistan-kashmir/2958714/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

In addition, protest leaders called for the implementation of the JAAC's 38-point charter, which included measures relating to administrative accountability, judicial independence, electoral reforms, local control over natural resources, reductions in public expenditure on elected officials and greater transparency in public administration. They maintained that these reforms were necessary to strengthen democratic governance and improve public confidence in the territory's institutions.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

During negotiations with government representatives in late June, JAAC leaders stated that the planned long march and other protest activities would continue until meaningful progress had been achieved on constitutional amendments and the implementation of the movement's principal demands. They rejected reports that the demonstrations would be suspended before an agreement had been reached with the authorities.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="ABP25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests against Pakistani government continue, thousands gather in Rawalakot |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/world/pok-protests-against-pakistani-government-continue-thousand-of-peopel-gather-in-rawalakot-ann-3150499 |website=ABP Live |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

==Ban of the JAAC==

On 5 June 2026, the Government of Azad Kashmir designated the Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee as a prohibited organisation under anti-terror legislation. Authorities stated that the measure was necessary to preserve public order and prevent unrest ahead of the planned demonstrations and the upcoming legislative elections.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APArrests">{{cite news |title=Police arrest supporters of banned group ahead of rally in Pakistan-administered Kashmir |url=https://apnews.com/article/006859907010f8f66cf4fb5ceb2ec6cb |work=Associated Press |date=7 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="WIONBan" />

The decision was condemned by JAAC leaders, who rejected accusations that the movement posed a security threat. Protest organisers argued that the ban represented an attempt to suppress political opposition and prevent demonstrations relating to electoral representation and governance issues.<ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" />

Following the ban, authorities initiated a broad security operation targeting the movement's leadership. According to Reuters and Associated Press reporting, numerous activists were detained, sedition cases were filed against prominent JAAC leaders and rewards were announced for information leading to the arrest of certain organisers.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APArrests" />

Additional police and paramilitary personnel were deployed throughout the territory, particularly in Muzaffarabad, Rawalakot and other urban centres expected to host demonstrations. Road checkpoints were established and security measures were strengthened ahead of the planned long march.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="USEmbassy">{{cite web |title=Demonstration Alert – June 9 Protests in Azad Kashmir |url=https://pk.usembassy.gov/demonstration-alert-june-9-protests-in-azad-kashmir/ |publisher=U.S. Embassy in Pakistan |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="AJ9Jun" />

===Reaction to the ban===

The ban drew criticism from human-rights organisations and civil society groups. Amnesty International described the designation of the JAAC as a dangerous escalation and warned that anti-terror legislation should not be used to criminalise peaceful political dissent.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

Amnesty further expressed concern regarding reports of arbitrary arrests, restrictions on freedom of assembly and the use of communication shutdowns during the unrest. The organisation called upon Pakistani authorities to respect international human-rights standards and ensure that any restrictions on protest activity complied with international law.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

Several commentators and analysts viewed the ban within the broader context of growing political tensions ahead of the 2026 elections. Reporting by Frontline, Al Jazeera and other outlets noted that the dispute over refugee representation had become one of the most significant political controversies in Azad Kashmir in recent years.<ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

==Timeline==

===Pre-strike developments===

During late May and early June 2026, negotiations between protest leaders and authorities failed to resolve disagreements regarding the JAAC's demands. Following the collapse of talks, the movement intensified preparations for a region-wide shutdown and long march toward Muzaffarabad.<ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" /><ref name="WIONBan" /><ref name="Frontline" />

Authorities responded by increasing security deployments and imposing restrictions in anticipation of demonstrations. Activists reported increased surveillance and detentions, while government officials warned that any attempts to disrupt public order would be met with legal action.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APArrests" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" />

On the eve of the planned protests, the United States Embassy in Pakistan issued a demonstration alert warning of possible disruptions to transportation, communications and public services in Azad Kashmir. The advisory urged American citizens to avoid areas where demonstrations were expected to take place and to monitor local developments closely.<ref name="USEmbassy" />

Reports from local media and civil society organisations indicated that checkpoints had been established on major roads and that movement between districts was being closely monitored by security forces.<ref name="WIONBan" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="Frontline" />

===Rawalakot clashes===

The most serious violence associated with the protests occurred in and around [[Rawalakot]], where confrontations between demonstrators and security forces took place prior to the planned region-wide strike. The clashes followed arrests of JAAC activists and growing tensions surrounding the government's decision to prohibit the organisation and prevent planned demonstrations.<ref name="AJ8Jun">{{cite web |title=At least 11 killed in Pakistan-administered Kashmir clashes before rally |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/6/8/at-least-11-killed-in-pakistan-administered-kashmir-clashes-before-rally |publisher=Al Jazeera |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="ReutersRawalakot">{{cite news |title=Clashes in Pakistan-administered Kashmir kill 11 ahead of planned protest |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/clashes-pakistan-administered-kashmir-kill-11-ahead-protest-2026-06-08/ |work=Reuters |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="ABCClashes">{{cite news |title=Clashes in Pakistan-administered Kashmir kill seven ahead of planned protest |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/clashes-pakistan-administered-kashmir-kill-7-ahead-planned-133678094 |work=ABC News |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Thousands of protesters gathered in Rawalakot and surrounding areas despite restrictions imposed by authorities. Demonstrators accused the government of attempting to suppress political dissent and prevent mobilisation against the refugee-seat system. Security personnel were deployed throughout the city and road access to several locations was restricted.<ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="Frontline" />

Accounts of the violence differed between officials and protest organisers. Government representatives stated that demonstrators attacked security personnel, attempted to breach security cordons and damaged public property. Protest organisers, eyewitnesses and several media outlets alleged that police and paramilitary forces opened fire on demonstrators and used excessive force, including live ammunition, against largely unarmed protesters.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" /><ref name="TheHinduClashes" /><ref name="KTFire" /><ref name="NDTV30" /><ref name="HTFire" />

Independent reporting confirmed that live ammunition was used during at least some of the confrontations, although accounts differed regarding the circumstances that led to the shootings and the sequence of events preceding the violence.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" />

The clashes quickly became the deadliest episode of unrest in Azad Kashmir since the protest movements of 2024 and 2025 and attracted extensive international media coverage.<ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="BBCClashes" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" />

==Casualties and injuries==

===Deaths===

Casualty figures reported during the protests varied substantially between sources.

Reuters, Associated Press, ABC News and Al Jazeera initially reported that at least 11 people were killed and more than 70 injured during clashes between protesters and security forces in Rawalakot and surrounding areas.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" /><ref name="ABCClashes" /><ref name="APStrike" />

Subsequent reporting by NDTV, Frontline, Times of India, Kashmir Times and other outlets cited protest organisers and activists who alleged that the death toll exceeded 30 and that more than 200 people had been injured during the crackdown.<ref name="NDTV30">{{cite news |title=Over 30 dead, 200 injured as security forces open fire on protesters in PoK |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/over-30-dead-200-injured-as-security-forces-open-fire-on-protesters-in-pok-11611606 |work=NDTV |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="TOI30">{{cite news |title=Pakistan launches manhunt for four PoK protesters after crackdown |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/pakistan-launches-manhunt-for-four-pok-protesters-after-crackdown-killing-19-kids-7-pregnant-women/articleshow/131625952.cms |work=The Times of India |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="KTFire">{{cite web |title=Police open fire on protesters in PAJK, killing at least eleven |url=https://kashmirtimes.com/news/police-open-fire-on-protesters-in-pajk-killing-at-least-eleven |publisher=Kashmir Times |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Authorities disputed several of the higher casualty estimates, while human-rights organisations called for independent investigations into the deaths and injuries reported during the unrest.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

===Injuries===

More than 70 people were reported injured during the Rawalakot clashes, including protesters, civilians and members of the security forces.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" />

Hospitals in Rawalakot and neighbouring districts treated victims suffering from gunshot wounds, injuries caused by crowd-control measures and other protest-related violence.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="TheHinduClashes" />

Additional injuries were reported during demonstrations and confrontations that occurred during the region-wide strike on 9 June.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" />

===Use of force allegations===

The actions of Pakistani security forces during the protests became a major source of controversy. Protest organisers, civil society groups and several media outlets alleged that police and paramilitary personnel used excessive force against demonstrators, including the use of live ammunition, tear gas and baton charges during efforts to disperse crowds.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" /><ref name="KTFire">{{cite web |title=Police open fire on protesters in PAJK, killing at least eleven |url=https://kashmirtimes.com/news/police-open-fire-on-protesters-in-pajk-killing-at-least-eleven |publisher=Kashmir Times |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

According to Reuters, clashes erupted after authorities attempted to prevent demonstrations organised by the banned JAAC, resulting in deaths and injuries among both protesters and security personnel.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" /> Protest leaders and eyewitnesses alleged that security forces opened fire on demonstrators in Rawalakot and other locations, contributing to the high casualty figures reported during the unrest.<ref name="KTFire" /><ref name="NDTV30">{{cite news |title=Over 30 dead, 200 injured as security forces open fire on protesters in PoK |url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/over-30-dead-200-injured-as-security-forces-open-fire-on-protesters-in-pok-11611606 |work=NDTV |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="HTFire">{{cite news |title=PoK erupts over a ban, Pak forces fire at protesters; several killed |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pok-erupts-over-a-ban-pak-forces-fire-at-protesters-several-killed-as-asim-munirs-kashmir-claims-exposed-again-101781011036554.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Several reports alleged that women and children were among those killed or injured during the crackdown. The Times of India, citing activists and protest organisers, reported allegations that numerous minors and pregnant women were among the victims. These claims could not be independently verified by international news agencies at the time of reporting.<ref name="TOICasualties">{{cite news |title=Pakistan launches manhunt for four PoK protesters after crackdown killing 19 kids, 7 pregnant women |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/pakistan-launches-manhunt-for-four-pok-protesters-after-crackdown-killing-19-kids-7-pregnant-women/articleshow/131625952.cms |work=The Times of India |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Authorities rejected accusations that security forces had deliberately targeted peaceful protesters. Government representatives maintained that force was used only after demonstrators attacked security personnel, damaged public property and attempted to breach security cordons. Officials stated that law-enforcement personnel acted in accordance with security procedures and denied allegations of indiscriminate firing.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="APStrike" />

Amnesty International criticised the authorities' response to the protests and called for independent investigations into allegations of excessive force, arbitrary arrests and restrictions on freedom of assembly. The organisation stated that anti-terror legislation should not be used to suppress peaceful political dissent and urged Pakistani authorities to ensure accountability for any human-rights violations committed during the unrest.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

The allegations of excessive force became a central issue in subsequent domestic and international discussions regarding the protests, with human-rights advocates, diaspora organisations and opposition groups demanding transparent investigations into the deaths and injuries reported during the crackdown.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="TOIDiaspora" /><ref name="IndiaTodayUK">{{cite news |title=PoK killings spark protests in UK; British MPs express concern |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-killing-news-protest-in-united-kingdom-pak-consulate-british-mps-concern-2923954-2026-06-09 |work=India Today |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Several media organisations continued to report allegations by protest organisers that civilians, including women and children, were among those affected during the government's crackdown on the demonstrations. Protest leaders accused Pakistani security forces of employing excessive force to disperse gatherings and suppress the movement, while also alleging arbitrary arrests and intimidation of activists.<ref name="Hawk25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests: Pakistan accused of targeting women, children using starvation tactics |url=https://www.thehawk.in/news/world/pok-protests-pakistan-accused-of-targeting-women-children-using-starvation-tactics |website=The Hawk |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18Starving25Jun2026">{{cite news |title='People Are Starving': PoK Protesters Accuse Pakistan Of Failing Them And Crushing Dissent |url=https://www.news18.com/world/people-are-starving-pok-protesters-accuse-pakistan-of-failing-them-and-crushing-dissent-ws-l-10170336.html |work=News18 |date=24 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

According to protest representatives, the continued deployment of police and paramilitary personnel, combined with restrictions on movement and the transportation of essential supplies, intensified humanitarian concerns in several districts. Activists alleged that these measures disproportionately affected vulnerable groups, including women, children and elderly residents. Pakistani authorities denied deliberately targeting civilians and maintained that security operations were conducted solely to restore public order and prevent further violence.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Human rights advocates and protest organisers continued to call for independent investigations into the deaths, injuries and arrests reported during the unrest. They also urged Pakistani authorities to ensure accountability for any unlawful use of force and to safeguard the rights to peaceful assembly, freedom of expression and political participation.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>
===General strike of 9 June===

On 9 June 2026, the JAAC's call for a shutter-down and wheel-jam strike was widely observed across Pakistan occupide Kashmir. Businesses, transport services and commercial establishments closed in many urban centres, while protesters organised rallies and attempted to continue long-march activities despite government restrictions.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="TheHinduMarkets">{{cite news |title=Markets, streets deserted in different parts of Azad Kashmir after JAAC protest call |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/markets-streets-deserted-in-different-parts-of-pok-after-jaacs-protest-call/article71083633.ece |work=The Hindu |date=10 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Markets remained closed in Muzaffarabad, Rawalakot, Kotli, Bagh, Mirpur and other towns as protesters responded to the strike call. Streets in several cities were reported to be largely deserted, while public transport services were significantly disrupted.<ref name="TheHinduMarkets" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

According to Reuters, the strike represented one of the largest coordinated shutdowns in the territory in recent years. Protest leaders declared that the movement would continue until authorities addressed demands relating to political representation, governance and economic reforms.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" />

Associated Press reported that the strike affected businesses and transportation across large parts of the territory, demonstrating the organisational capacity of the JAAC despite the government's decision to ban the movement.<ref name="APStrike" />

===Long march===

A central component of the protest campaign was a planned long march toward Muzaffarabad. Organisers described the march as a peaceful demonstration intended to pressure authorities into addressing longstanding grievances regarding governance and representation.<ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" />

Government authorities attempted to prevent the march through arrests, checkpoints and restrictions on movement. Protest organisers accused officials of seeking to obstruct peaceful political activity, while authorities argued that restrictions were necessary to prevent violence and maintain public order.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APArrests" /><ref name="WIONBan" />

Despite these measures, groups of demonstrators continued to assemble and attempted to proceed toward Muzaffarabad from various districts, leading to additional confrontations with security forces and further arrests.<ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="TheHinduMarkets" /><ref name="Reuters9Jun" />

===Continuation of the long march===

Following the expiry of the JAAC's 23 June deadline, protest leaders announced that the planned long march towards [[Muzaffarabad]] would proceed as scheduled despite increased security measures and reports that authorities were attempting to prevent demonstrators from reaching the capital. JAAC representatives rejected speculation that the march had been postponed, stating that the movement would continue until its constitutional and political demands were addressed.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Speaking at public gatherings in [[Rawalakot]], JAAC leaders urged supporters to remain peaceful while continuing preparations for the march. Organisers stated that discussions with government representatives had failed to produce an agreement on the movement's principal demands, including the abolition of the 12 refugee seats in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]], constitutional reforms and the implementation of the committee's 38-point charter.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Thousands of demonstrators continued to participate in rallies and public meetings across [[Rawalakot]], [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]] and other districts. Protest organisers described the mobilisation as one of the largest sustained protest movements in Pakistan-administered Kashmir in recent years, with traders, lawyers, transport workers, students and civil society organisations continuing to support the campaign despite the government's designation of the JAAC as a prohibited organisation.<ref name="ABP25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests against Pakistani government continue, thousands gather in Rawalakot |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/world/pok-protests-against-pakistani-government-continue-thousand-of-peopel-gather-in-rawalakot-ann-3150499 |website=ABP Live |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

Pakistani authorities maintained extensive security deployments throughout the territory, including checkpoints on major highways and roads leading towards Muzaffarabad. Protest leaders alleged that security forces were attempting to prevent participants from joining the march by restricting movement between districts and monitoring the activities of organisers. Officials maintained that the measures were necessary to preserve public order and prevent further violence.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

JAAC leaders stated that the movement would continue until political prisoners were released, restrictions imposed following the ban on the organisation were withdrawn and meaningful negotiations commenced regarding constitutional reforms. They further reiterated that the long march represented a peaceful campaign intended to secure greater political representation and institutional reforms rather than a violent confrontation with the authorities.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

===Negotiations===

Throughout late June 2026, representatives of the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC) continued discussions with officials of the [[Government of Azad Kashmir]] in an attempt to resolve the ongoing protests. Despite multiple rounds of negotiations, protest leaders stated that no agreement had been reached on the movement's principal constitutional and political demands.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

JAAC representatives stated that the government had requested additional time to consider the movement's proposals, including constitutional amendments, the abolition of the 12 refugee seats in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]], and implementation of the committee's 38-point charter. Protest leaders, however, maintained that demonstrations and preparations for the proposed long march would continue while negotiations remained inconclusive.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/>

According to JAAC leaders, the movement was prepared to suspend protest activities only after the government formally accepted its principal demands. They rejected reports suggesting that the proposed long march had been cancelled or indefinitely postponed, reiterating that the campaign would continue until meaningful progress had been achieved through negotiations.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/>

Government representatives continued to urge restraint while discussions remained ongoing. Authorities maintained that dialogue represented the preferred mechanism for resolving the dispute but also stated that security measures would remain in force until public order had been restored across the territory.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="ABP25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests against Pakistani government continue, thousands gather in Rawalakot |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/world/pok-protests-against-pakistani-government-continue-thousand-of-peopel-gather-in-rawalakot-ann-3150499 |website=ABP Live |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

===Participation of women, students and children===

As the protests entered a prolonged phase in late June, women, students and schoolchildren emerged as some of the most visible participants in demonstrations organised by the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC). Large numbers of women attended rallies, public meetings and protest marches across [[Rawalakot]], [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]] and neighbouring districts, while students participated in demonstrations demanding constitutional reforms and greater political representation for residents of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]].<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Women, schoolchildren fuel massive PoK protests against Pakistan as June 23 deadline ends today |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/world/women-schoolchildren-fuel-massive-pok-protests-against-pakistan-as-june-23-deadline-ends-today-article-13956326.html |work=Moneycontrol |date=23 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

According to protest organisers, women assumed increasingly prominent leadership roles as demonstrations continued despite the government's ban on the JAAC. Local committees organised neighbourhood meetings and rallies in which women addressed crowds alongside lawyers, traders and student representatives. Organisers stated that broad participation by women and young people reflected growing public dissatisfaction with the territory's political and constitutional arrangements.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

Several media organisations reported that schoolchildren and university students also joined the demonstrations, carrying banners and chanting slogans supporting the movement's demands. Protest leaders described the participation of younger residents as evidence that the movement had expanded beyond its original economic grievances to encompass wider constitutional and governance issues.<ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

Protest organisers further alleged that Pakistani security personnel attempted to prevent women from travelling to demonstration sites by establishing checkpoints on major roads and restricting access to protest venues. According to News18, activists accused members of the [[Pakistan Rangers]] of stopping vehicles carrying female demonstrators and preventing them from joining public gatherings in some areas.<ref name="News18Women25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Pakistan Rangers Crack Down On Women In PoK, Block Them From Joining Protests |url=https://www.news18.com/world/pakistan-rangers-crack-down-on-women-in-pok-block-them-from-joining-protests-ws-l-10172344.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The allegations were rejected by Pakistani authorities, who maintained that security measures introduced across the territory were intended to preserve public order and regulate public gatherings rather than target any particular group of demonstrators. Protest leaders nevertheless continued to encourage the participation of women and students, describing their involvement as central to the movement's campaign for constitutional reforms and political representation.<ref name="News18Women25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

Political analysts observed that the sustained participation of women, students and children distinguished the 2026 protests from earlier demonstrations in the territory, transforming the movement from a predominantly trader-led campaign into a broader civil society mobilisation encompassing multiple sections of the population.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/><ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026"/>

===Military helicopter crash===

On 10 June 2026, a Pakistan Army MI-17 helicopter crashed near Muzaffarabad, killing all military personnel on board. According to the Pakistani military, the helicopter crashed shortly after takeoff because of a technical fault. The aircraft was reportedly transporting security personnel deployed in the region during the ongoing protest-related security operation.<ref name="APHelicopter">{{cite news |title=Pakistan army helicopter crashes in Kashmir because of technical fault, killing all on board |url=https://apnews.com/article/ead694987cabae2f7f4be9cdd5fabaec |work=Associated Press |date=10 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="ReutersHelicopter">{{cite news |title=Pakistan says all aboard military helicopter killed in crash in Pakistani Kashmir |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistan-says-all-aboard-military-helicopter-killed-crash-pakistani-kashmir-2026-06-10/ |work=Reuters |date=10 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Pakistani authorities stated that there was no indication that the crash was connected to the protests or unrest in the region and announced an investigation into the incident. President Asif Ali Zardari, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and Chief of Army Staff Asim Munir issued condolence messages following the crash.<ref name="APHelicopter" /><ref name="ReutersHelicopter" />

==Communications restrictions==

Throughout the protests, authorities imposed restrictions on communications and movement across several parts of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]. Human rights organisations, protest leaders and media reports alleged that internet services were periodically disrupted and that security checkpoints were established on major highways connecting [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Rawalakot]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]] and other districts.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun"/><ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Protest organisers alleged that the restrictions were intended to prevent demonstrators from travelling between districts and to hinder the organisation of rallies and the proposed long march towards [[Muzaffarabad]]. According to activists, vehicles transporting protesters were subjected to searches and delays at security checkpoints, while movement on several highways was monitored by police and paramilitary personnel.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Reports published during the later stages of the protests also described interruptions in the movement of commercial vehicles transporting food, fuel and medicines into the territory. Protest leaders argued that these restrictions contributed to shortages of essential commodities in several districts, while Pakistani authorities maintained that temporary transportation disruptions resulted from security operations rather than an official blockade.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/><ref name="IndiaCom25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Pakistan's internal crisis: Blockade imposed in occupied Kashmir, cutting off food, medicine supplies amid protests |url=https://www.india.com/news/world/pakistans-internal-crisis-blockade-imposed-in-occupied-kashmir-cutting-off-food-medicine-supplies-amid-protests-8456862/ |website=India.com |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Amnesty International criticised the use of communication restrictions during the protests, stating that measures affecting internet access and freedom of assembly should comply with international human rights standards. The organisation called upon Pakistani authorities to refrain from using security legislation to suppress peaceful political activity and urged an end to arbitrary restrictions on communications and movement.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun"/>

Government officials defended the restrictions as temporary security measures introduced to preserve public order during the unrest. Authorities stated that roadblocks, checkpoints and communication controls were necessary to prevent violence and facilitate law enforcement operations while rejecting allegations that the measures were intended to suppress peaceful political dissent.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/>

==Blockade and humanitarian situation==

Following the expiry of the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC)'s 23 June ultimatum, protest leaders accused Pakistani authorities of imposing an effective blockade on [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]] by restricting the movement of essential commodities into the territory. According to protest organisers, security forces established checkpoints on major highways connecting the region with [[Punjab, Pakistan]], delaying or preventing the movement of trucks carrying food, fuel and medicines into several districts.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Residents in [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Rawalakot]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]] and the [[Neelum Valley]] reported shortages of flour, vegetables, cooking oil, petrol and medicines as commercial supplies were disrupted. Pharmacies and grocery stores reportedly experienced difficulty replenishing stocks, while long queues formed outside fuel stations in several towns. Protest organisers alleged that the restrictions were intended to weaken the movement by creating economic and humanitarian pressure on the local population.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/><ref name="IndiaCom25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Pakistan's internal crisis: Blockade imposed in occupied Kashmir, cutting off food, medicine supplies amid protests |url=https://www.india.com/news/world/pakistans-internal-crisis-blockade-imposed-in-occupied-kashmir-cutting-off-food-medicine-supplies-amid-protests-8456862/ |website=India.com |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Several residents told media organisations that they had travelled to [[Rawalpindi]] and [[Islamabad]] to purchase essential medicines and household supplies that had become unavailable locally. Protest leaders also alleged that trucks carrying flour, vegetables and other necessities were prevented from entering the territory, contributing to rising prices and shortages in local markets.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

The JAAC accused Pakistani authorities of employing "starvation tactics" against civilians by restricting access to essential goods. According to protest representatives, women, children and elderly residents were disproportionately affected by the shortages. Some activists described the measures as an attempt to force demonstrators to abandon the protest movement through economic hardship rather than direct confrontation.<ref name="Hawk25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests: Pakistan accused of targeting women, children using starvation tactics |url=https://www.thehawk.in/news/world/pok-protests-pakistan-accused-of-targeting-women-children-using-starvation-tactics |website=The Hawk |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18Starving25Jun2026">{{cite news |title='People Are Starving': PoK Protesters Accuse Pakistan Of Failing Them And Crushing Dissent |url=https://www.news18.com/world/people-are-starving-pok-protesters-accuse-pakistan-of-failing-them-and-crushing-dissent-ws-l-10170336.html |work=News18 |date=24 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Pakistani authorities denied imposing a blockade and maintained that security measures introduced across the territory were intended to preserve public order during the ongoing unrest. Officials rejected allegations that humanitarian supplies had been deliberately restricted and stated that transportation disruptions were the result of security operations and protest-related road closures rather than government policy.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/>

The reported shortages became a significant issue during the later phase of the protests, with both domestic and international media highlighting growing humanitarian concerns alongside the movement's political demands. Protest organisers warned that unless restrictions were lifted and negotiations resumed, shortages of food, fuel and medicines would continue to worsen across the territory.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="News18Starving25Jun2026"/>

==Government response==

The Government of Azad Kashmir and federal authorities defended the measures taken during the unrest, arguing that the restrictions were necessary to maintain public order and prevent further violence. Officials accused elements within the protest movement of encouraging confrontation with security forces and disrupting public services.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="ABCClashes" />

Authorities maintained that the designation of the JAAC under anti-terror legislation was justified by concerns regarding security and stability. Government representatives stated that law enforcement agencies had acted to prevent escalation and to ensure the safety of residents during the protests.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APArrests" />

Following the outbreak of violence, security deployments were increased throughout the territory. Police, paramilitary personnel and other security forces were stationed in major urban centres, while checkpoints were established on roads leading to Muzaffarabad and other strategic locations.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="USEmbassy" />

Authorities also defended internet restrictions and movement controls imposed during the unrest, arguing that such measures were necessary to prevent the spread of violence and misinformation. Protest organisers and human-rights groups rejected this justification, claiming that the restrictions hindered freedom of expression and access to information.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" /><ref name="WIONBan" />

Government officials rejected allegations that security forces had deliberately targeted peaceful protesters, maintaining that force was used only when demonstrations became violent. Protest leaders disputed these claims and accused security personnel of employing excessive force against demonstrators.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" /><ref name="TheHinduClashes" />

===Negotiations and continued security measures===

Following the expiry of the JAAC's 23 June ultimatum, authorities continued negotiations with representatives of the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC) in an effort to defuse the protests. Protest leaders, however, maintained that no agreement had been reached on the movement's principal demands and rejected reports that the planned long march had been postponed. They stated that demonstrations would continue until meaningful constitutional and political reforms were implemented.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Pakistani authorities maintained an extensive security presence throughout Pakistan-occupied Kashmir, with police and paramilitary personnel deployed at major intersections, government buildings and highways connecting the territory with [[Punjab, Pakistan]]. Checkpoints remained in place on routes leading to [[Muzaffarabad]] and other major towns, while security personnel continued to monitor the movement of protesters and organisers.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

According to protest organisers, security forces continued to restrict travel between districts by establishing roadblocks and conducting vehicle inspections, making it difficult for demonstrators to reach planned protest sites. JAAC leaders alleged that these measures were intended to reduce participation in rallies and the proposed long march, while government officials maintained that they were necessary to preserve law and order and prevent further violence.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/>

Authorities also continued to defend the decision to prohibit the JAAC under anti-terrorism legislation, maintaining that the organisation's activities posed a threat to public order. Protest leaders rejected the designation, arguing that the movement remained peaceful and that the ban had been used to justify arrests, restrictions on public assembly and increased surveillance of activists.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Despite the continued security measures, demonstrations persisted in several districts throughout late June, with protest organisers reiterating that negotiations would continue only if the government agreed to discuss constitutional amendments, electoral reforms and the implementation of the JAAC's 38-point charter.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="ABP25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests against Pakistani government continue, thousands gather in Rawalakot |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/world/pok-protests-against-pakistani-government-continue-thousand-of-peopel-gather-in-rawalakot-ann-3150499 |website=ABP Live |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

==International reaction==

===Amnesty International===

Amnesty International strongly criticised the government's response to the protests. The organisation condemned the designation of the JAAC as a terrorist organisation and described the move as a dangerous escalation in the treatment of political dissent in Azad Kashmir.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

The organisation expressed concern regarding reports of arbitrary arrests, internet shutdowns, restrictions on freedom of assembly and allegations of excessive force against protesters. Amnesty called upon Pakistani authorities to respect international human-rights obligations and ensure accountability for any violations committed during the unrest.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

===United States===

Prior to the planned demonstrations, the United States Embassy in Pakistan issued a security advisory warning of possible disruptions associated with the protests. The advisory noted the possibility of transportation interruptions, communication restrictions and security incidents and advised American citizens to avoid areas where demonstrations were expected to occur.<ref name="USEmbassy" />

The advisory was widely cited by international media as evidence of concerns regarding the potential scale of the unrest and the likelihood of significant disruptions across the territory.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="AJ9Jun" />

===India===

The protests received significant attention in India, where officials and media outlets monitored developments in Pakistan-administered Kashmir. Indian media extensively reported on the JAAC's demands, the ban imposed on the organisation, the violence in Rawalakot and allegations of human-rights violations.<ref name="TheHinduClashes" /><ref name="TheHinduMarkets" /><ref name="Frontline" /><ref name="WIONBan" />

The Ministry of External Affairs reiterated India's longstanding position regarding territories administered by Pakistan and criticised political developments affecting the region. Coverage of the protests frequently appeared within broader discussions relating to the Kashmir dispute and governance issues in Pakistan-administered territories.<ref name="MEA2026">{{cite web |title=India lodges strong protest regarding holding of General Elections in Gilgit-Baltistan |url=https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases?dtl/41268/India_lodges_strong_protest_regarding_holding_of_General_Elections_in_GilgitBaltistan |publisher=Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

===Pakistan===

The continued protests prompted renewed debate within Pakistan regarding the constitutional status and political identity of residents of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]. During the unrest, Pakistan's Defence Minister [[Khawaja Asif]] stated that residents of the territory were "not Kashmiris" but Pakistanis, arguing that they should identify themselves with Pakistan rather than as a separate political entity. His remarks drew criticism from protest leaders and opposition figures, who argued that the statement contradicted Pakistan's longstanding official position regarding the disputed status of the region.<ref name="Firstpost25Jun2026">{{cite news |title='You're Not Kashmiris': Pak Defence Minister Dismisses Identity Of PoK Residents Amid Ongoing Protests |url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/youre-not-kashmiris-pak-defence-minister-dismisses-identity-of-pok-residents-amid-ongoing-protests-14025750.html |work=Firstpost |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Leaders of the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC) accused the federal government of attempting to undermine the political identity of the territory while refusing to address longstanding constitutional and governance concerns. Protest organisers stated that the movement sought greater political representation, constitutional reforms and increased local autonomy rather than the abolition of the territory's distinct political identity.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Political commentators observed that the Defence Minister's remarks generated additional controversy at a time when demonstrations were expanding across the territory. Several analysts argued that the comments further strengthened the protesters' claims that residents of Pakistan-administered Kashmir lacked meaningful political representation within Pakistan's constitutional framework.<ref name="PrintOpinion25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK protests & Pakistan: Newsmaker of the Week |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/newsmaker-of-the-week/pok-protests-pakistan-kashmir/2958714/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Despite the controversy, Pakistani authorities continued to maintain that the security measures adopted during the protests were intended solely to preserve public order and denied allegations that the federal government was attempting to suppress peaceful political dissent.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

===Human rights organisations===

In addition to Amnesty International, several civil-society organisations and activists expressed concern regarding the treatment of protesters and the use of anti-terror legislation against a political movement. Critics argued that criminalising protest activity risked undermining freedoms of assembly, association and expression.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="Frontline" />

Advocacy groups called for transparent investigations into the deaths and injuries reported during the unrest and urged authorities to release individuals detained solely for peaceful political activities.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

==Diaspora response==

The protests received significant attention among members of the Kashmiri diaspora, particularly in the [[United Kingdom]], where demonstrations, public meetings and solidarity campaigns were organised following reports of clashes between protesters and Pakistani security forces. Diaspora organisations called for international scrutiny of the situation in Pakistan-administered Kashmir and urged foreign governments and human rights organisations to monitor developments in the territory.<ref name="IndiaTodayUK">{{cite news |title=PoK killings spark protests in UK; British MPs express concern |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-killing-news-protest-in-united-kingdom-pak-consulate-british-mps-concern-2923954-2026-06-09 |work=India Today |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="TOIDiaspora">{{cite web |title=Kashmiri diaspora stages massive UK protests against alleged military crackdown in PoJK |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/videos/kashmiri-diaspora-stages-massive-uk-protests-against-alleged-military-crackdown-in-pojk/videoshow/131601146.cms |website=The Times of India |date=June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Demonstrators gathered outside Pakistani diplomatic missions and organised rallies in support of the protest movement, condemning the reported use of force against demonstrators and expressing support for the constitutional and political demands advanced by the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC). Protesters also criticised the designation of the JAAC as a prohibited organisation and called for the release of detained activists.<ref name="IndiaTodayUK"/><ref name="TOIDiaspora"/>

Diaspora organisations continued to highlight reports of alleged restrictions on movement, shortages of food, fuel and medicines and the participation of women and students in the demonstrations. Several groups appealed to international human rights organisations to investigate allegations of excessive force, arbitrary arrests and restrictions on freedom of assembly during the protests.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The continued demonstrations in late June sustained international attention on the movement, with diaspora groups maintaining public campaigns through rallies, petitions and social media. Activists stated that these efforts were intended to increase international awareness of the protesters' demands and encourage external scrutiny of developments in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.<ref name="TOIDiaspora"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

===Political and media commentary===

The continued demonstrations attracted widespread attention from political commentators and regional media, many of whom described the protests as the most significant challenge to Pakistan's administration of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]] since the large-scale demonstrations of 2024 and 2025. Analysts noted that the movement had evolved from an economic campaign into a broader constitutional movement centred on political representation, governance reforms and the relationship between the territory and the federal government.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK protests & Pakistan: Newsmaker of the Week |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/newsmaker-of-the-week/pok-protests-pakistan-kashmir/2958714/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Several commentators observed that the participation of traders, lawyers, transport workers, women, students and civil society organisations distinguished the 2026 protests from previous movements in the territory. They argued that the broad social composition of the demonstrations reflected growing public dissatisfaction with existing constitutional arrangements and governance in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Women, schoolchildren fuel massive PoK protests against Pakistan as June 23 deadline ends today |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/world/women-schoolchildren-fuel-massive-pok-protests-against-pakistan-as-june-23-deadline-ends-today-article-13956326.html |work=Moneycontrol |date=23 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Coverage of the later stages of the protests increasingly focused on allegations of restrictions on movement, shortages of food, fuel and medicines, and the continuation of the proposed long march despite the government's security measures. While protest organisers described these developments as evidence of an escalating humanitarian situation, Pakistani authorities maintained that the restrictions were temporary security measures implemented to preserve public order.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18Starving25Jun2026">{{cite news |title='People Are Starving': PoK Protesters Accuse Pakistan Of Failing Them And Crushing Dissent |url=https://www.news18.com/world/people-are-starving-pok-protesters-accuse-pakistan-of-failing-them-and-crushing-dissent-ws-l-10170336.html |work=News18 |date=24 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

==Aftermath==

By late June 2026, the protests had developed into one of the largest sustained protest movements in the history of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]. Despite the ban on the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC), arrests of activists and an extensive security deployment across the territory, demonstrations continued in [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Rawalakot]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]], [[Kotli]], [[Mirpur, Azad Kashmir|Mirpur]] and other districts. Protest leaders stated that the movement would continue until the government accepted their principal constitutional and political demands.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Long March Not Postponed: PoK Protest Leaders Keep Pressure On Pakistan Government |url=https://www.news18.com/world/long-march-not-postponed-pok-protest-leaders-keep-pressure-on-pakistan-government-ws-l-10172443.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The demonstrations increasingly evolved beyond their initial focus on electoral representation and the abolition of the 12 reserved refugee seats in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]. Political analysts observed that the movement had broadened into a wider campaign calling for constitutional reforms, greater local autonomy, administrative accountability and increased control over the territory's political and economic affairs.<ref name="PrintOpinion25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK protests & Pakistan: Newsmaker of the Week |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/newsmaker-of-the-week/pok-protests-pakistan-kashmir/2958714/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The prolonged demonstrations also attracted increased participation from women, students, lawyers, traders and transport workers, transforming what had initially been a trader-led protest movement into a broader civil society mobilisation. Observers noted that participation by multiple sections of society contributed to the movement's ability to sustain demonstrations despite continuing arrests and security restrictions.<ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Women, schoolchildren fuel massive PoK protests against Pakistan as June 23 deadline ends today |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/world/women-schoolchildren-fuel-massive-pok-protests-against-pakistan-as-june-23-deadline-ends-today-article-13956326.html |work=Moneycontrol |date=23 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

Reports of shortages of food, fuel and medicines during the protests also attracted wider attention. Protest leaders accused Pakistani authorities of using restrictions on transportation and movement to pressure demonstrators by disrupting supplies of essential commodities. Pakistani authorities denied imposing a blockade, maintaining that temporary disruptions resulted from security measures implemented during the unrest.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndiaCom25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Pakistan's internal crisis: Blockade imposed in occupied Kashmir, cutting off food, medicine supplies amid protests |url=https://www.india.com/news/world/pakistans-internal-crisis-blockade-imposed-in-occupied-kashmir-cutting-off-food-medicine-supplies-amid-protests-8456862/ |website=India.com |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The protests received extensive coverage in Indian and international media, with several commentators describing the unrest as one of the most significant political challenges faced by the Government of Pakistan in the territory since the large-scale demonstrations of 2024 and 2025. Analysts suggested that the movement reflected broader dissatisfaction over governance, political representation and constitutional arrangements in Pakistan-administered Kashmir, while also exposing tensions between local political groups and the federal government.<ref name="PrintOpinion25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

As of late June 2026, no comprehensive political settlement had been reached between the government and the JAAC. Protest leaders reiterated that demonstrations, public meetings and preparations for the proposed long march would continue until substantive progress was made on their constitutional, political and economic demands, while authorities maintained that security measures would remain in force to preserve public order.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/><ref name="ABP25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=PoK protests against Pakistani government continue, thousands gather in Rawalakot |url=https://www.abplive.com/news/world/pok-protests-against-pakistani-government-continue-thousand-of-peopel-gather-in-rawalakot-ann-3150499 |website=ABP Live |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

==Impact==

The protests significantly disrupted daily life across [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]], with repeated strikes, demonstrations and security operations affecting transportation, commerce and public services in several districts. Markets and businesses remained closed during periods of the unrest, while public transport services were suspended or operated on a limited basis in response to strike calls issued by the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC).<ref name="Reuters9Jun"/><ref name="TheHinduMarkets"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

The movement also affected the supply of essential commodities in parts of the territory. Residents and protest organisers reported shortages of food, fuel and medicines, alleging that security restrictions on highways disrupted commercial transportation into the region. Pakistani authorities denied imposing a blockade and stated that temporary disruptions resulted from measures introduced to maintain public order during the protests.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndiaCom25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Pakistan's internal crisis: Blockade imposed in occupied Kashmir, cutting off food, medicine supplies amid protests |url=https://www.india.com/news/world/pakistans-internal-crisis-blockade-imposed-in-occupied-kashmir-cutting-off-food-medicine-supplies-amid-protests-8456862/ |website=India.com |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Educational institutions, commercial establishments and government offices experienced intermittent disruptions as demonstrations continued throughout June. Public gatherings, road closures and security checkpoints affected travel between districts, while authorities maintained an increased police and paramilitary presence in major towns including [[Muzaffarabad]], [[Rawalakot]], [[Bagh, Azad Kashmir|Bagh]] and [[Kotli]].<ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026"/>

The prolonged demonstrations also elevated constitutional reform and political representation to the forefront of public debate within Pakistan-administered Kashmir. Analysts observed that issues previously discussed primarily by political organisations became subjects of wider public mobilisation, contributing to one of the most sustained protest movements in the territory in recent years.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

==Political analysis==

Political analysts described the 2026 protests as a significant shift in the political landscape of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]], arguing that the movement had evolved beyond economic grievances into a broader campaign for constitutional reform and political representation. Commentators observed that while earlier protest movements in 2024 and 2025 had primarily focused on electricity tariffs, subsidies and taxation, the 2026 demonstrations centred on questions of governance, electoral representation and the constitutional relationship between Pakistan and the territory.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK protests & Pakistan: Newsmaker of the Week |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/newsmaker-of-the-week/pok-protests-pakistan-kashmir/2958714/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

According to ''ThePrint'', the movement represented an unprecedented challenge to Pakistan's administrative framework in the territory because its demands increasingly focused on constitutional amendments rather than solely economic concessions. Analysts noted that the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JAAC) had broadened its support base by bringing together traders, lawyers, transport workers, students, women and civil society organisations under a common political platform.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026"/><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Students, women and children at forefront as PoK protests continue, demand constitutional amendments |url=https://theprint.in/diplomacy/students-women-and-children-at-forefront-as-pok-protests-continue-demand-constitutional-amendments/2966901/ |work=ThePrint |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Several commentators observed that the continued participation of women, students and young people distinguished the protests from previous movements in the territory. Rather than remaining a campaign led primarily by traders' associations, the demonstrations expanded into a wider civil society movement encompassing multiple professional and social groups. Analysts suggested that this broader participation contributed to the protests' ability to continue despite the government's ban on the JAAC and the deployment of additional security forces.<ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=Women, schoolchildren fuel massive PoK protests against Pakistan as June 23 deadline ends today |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/world/women-schoolchildren-fuel-massive-pok-protests-against-pakistan-as-june-23-deadline-ends-today-article-13956326.html |work=Moneycontrol |date=23 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026"/>

Commentary published by several media organisations argued that the unrest exposed longstanding tensions over governance and political representation in Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The continuing demonstrations, coupled with allegations of restrictions on movement and shortages of essential commodities, were described as reflecting wider dissatisfaction among sections of the territory's population with existing constitutional and administrative arrangements.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026">{{cite web |title=Protests rage on in PoK, agitators firm on demands despite govt crackdown, blockade |url=https://thefederal.com/category/international/protests-rage-on-in-pok-agitators-firm-on-demands-despite-govt-crackdown-blockade-247935 |website=The Federal |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026">{{cite news |title=PoK faces food, fuel, medicine shortage as Pakistan blockade intensifies amid protests |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/pok-news-pakistan-blockade-occupied-kashmir-protest-food-fuel-medicine-shortage-jaac-protests-2933438-2026-06-25 |work=India Today |date=25 June 2026 |access-date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

Some analysts further suggested that the movement demonstrated a transition from issue-specific protests towards a sustained political mobilisation seeking institutional reform. They argued that the prominence of constitutional demands, together with calls for greater local representation and administrative accountability, differentiated the 2026 protests from previous waves of unrest in the territory.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026"/><ref name="Federal25Jun2026"/>

==See also==

* [[2024 Azad Kashmir protests]]
* [[2025 Azad Kashmir protests]]
* [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]]
* [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Kashmir conflict]]

==References==

{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Azad Kashmir protests, 2026}}

[[Category:2026 protests]]
[[Category:2026 in Azad Kashmir]]
[[Category:June 2026 events in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Politics of Azad Kashmir]]
[[Category:Political controversies in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Protests in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Riots and civil disorder in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Civil disorder in Asia]]
[[Category:Kashmir conflict]]
[[Category:Human rights abuses in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Internet censorship in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Political movements in Kashmir]]

2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests

2026-06-25T17:13:35Z

Simba:

2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests

2026-06-25T17:11:21Z

Simba: Additional details

{{Short description|Ongoing protests in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2026}}

{{Infobox civil conflict
| name = 2026 Azad Kashmir protests
| title = 2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests
| image =
| caption =
| date = June 2026 – present ({{Start date|2026|6|5}} – ongoing)
| place = [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]] (officially administered by Pakistan as [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir]])
| status = Ongoing
| causes =
* Opposition to the reservation of 12 refugee seats in the Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly
* Dispute over political representation
* Governance concerns
* Economic grievances including electricity tariffs and flour subsidies
| goals =
* Abolition of the 12 refugee seats
* Implementation of the JKJAAC's 38-point charter of demands
* Greater political representation and constitutional reforms
* Governance and administrative reforms
| methods = Demonstrations, strikes, rallies, road blockades, long marches
| result =
* JKJAAC banned under anti-terror legislation
* Internet and communication restrictions imposed
* Arrests and sedition cases filed
* Multiple deaths and injuries
| side1 = [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JKJAAC / JAAC)
| side2 =
* [[Government of Azad Kashmir]]
* [[Government of Pakistan]]
* [[Azad Kashmir Police]]
* [[Punjab Rangers]]
* [[Federal Constabulary]]
| casualties1 = At least 11–30 protesters reported killed (disputed); more than 70–200 reported injured (disputed)
| casualties2 = Unknown; some security personnel reported affected
}}

The '''2026 Azad Kashmir protests''' (also known as the '''2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests''') are a series of ongoing demonstrations, strikes, clashes and long marches in [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]] (officially administered by Pakistan as [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir]]), that began in June 2026. The protests are primarily organised by the [[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]] (JKJAAC or JAAC), a coalition of civil society groups, traders, lawyers, transport workers, students and activists. They initially focused on opposition to the reservation of twelve seats in the [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]] for refugees from Jammu and Kashmir residing elsewhere in Pakistan, arguing that the arrangement allows non-residents to influence the political affairs of the territory. The movement expanded to include broader demands for constitutional reforms, greater political representation for local residents, administrative accountability, economic relief and implementation of the JAAC's 38-point charter of demands.<ref name="Al">{{cite news |title=Deadly protests in Pakistan-administered Kashmir: What's going on? |work=Al Jazeera |date=9 June 2026 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/6/9/deadly-protests-in-pakistan-administered-kashmir-whats-going-on}}</ref><ref name="Reuters9Jun">{{cite news |title=Protesters clash with police in Pakistani Kashmir as strike shutters cities |work=Reuters |date=9 June 2026 |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/protesters-clash-with-police-pakistani-kashmir-strike-shutters-cities-2026-06-09/}}</ref><ref name="Frontline">{{cite web |title=Why Pakistan-administered Kashmir is witnessing mass protests |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/politics/why-pakistan-occupied-kashmir-is-witnessing-mass-protests/article71080112.ece |publisher=Frontline |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

The protests intensified following a ruling by the Supreme Court of Azad Kashmir on 7 June 2026 upholding the constitutional status of the refugee seats. Demonstrations spread across Rawalakot, Muzaffarabad, Mirpur, Kotli, Bagh and other areas. On 5 June 2026, the Government of Azad Kashmir proscribed the JKJAAC under the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2014. Clashes, particularly in Rawalakot, resulted in multiple deaths and injuries. Authorities imposed communications restrictions and deployed additional security forces. Human rights organisations including [[Amnesty International]] criticised the response, raising concerns over the use of anti-terror legislation, arrests, excessive force and restrictions on assembly and movement.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun">{{cite web |title=Pakistan: “Terrorism” designation of protest movement marks dangerous escalation in Jammu and Kashmir crackdown |publisher=Amnesty International |date=9 June 2026 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2026/06/pakistan-terrorism-designation-of-protest-movement-marks-dangerous-escalation-in-jammu-and-kashmir-crackdown/}}</ref><ref name="APStrike">{{cite news |title=A banned group's call for a strike halts business and transport across Pakistan-administered Kashmir |work=Associated Press |date=9 June 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/7b4f5e038abd227415dd0aeb32e5ebe3}}</ref>

== Background ==
The Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee emerged as a coalition advocating economic and political reforms in Azad Kashmir. It previously led major protest movements in 2024 and 2025 concerning electricity tariffs, flour prices, wheat subsidies, taxation and governance issues. Since 2023, protests in Pakistan-administered Kashmir have addressed similar local grievances. In May 2023, residents protested rising electricity tariffs and flour shortages. The JKJAAC-led movement escalated in May 2024 with a long march to Muzaffarabad resulting in violent clashes and deaths. In September–October 2025, the JAAC issued a 38-point charter and called for a lockdown, prompting a government-imposed communications blackout.<ref name="Al" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Deadly protests in Pakistan-administered Kashmir: What’s going on? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/6/9/deadly-protests-in-pakistan-administered-kashmir-whats-going-on |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=Al Jazeera}}</ref>

In 2026, focus shifted to the twelve seats reserved in the Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly for refugees residing elsewhere in Pakistan. JAAC leaders argued these seats grant disproportionate political influence to non-residents. Ahead of the 2026 elections, the issue gained prominence as elections for refugee seats were scheduled alongside territorial constituencies. In May 2026, talks with a federal ministerial team broke down, leading to the call for protests.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=What the Banning of the JAAC Reveals About Power in Azad Kashmir |url=https://thediplomat.com/2026/06/what-the-banning-of-the-jaac-reveals-about-power-in-azad-kashmir/ |access-date=2026-06-16 |website=thediplomat.com}}</ref><ref name="WIONBan">{{cite web |title=Protests intensify in Pakistan-administered Kashmir after government bans JAAC ahead of elections |url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/protests-intensify-in-pakistan-occupied-kashmir-after-govt-bans-primary-advocacy-body-jaac-ahead-of-elections-1780835112422 |publisher=WION |date=June 2026 |access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref>

Mass protest movements have periodically emerged in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir over issues relating to governance, economic conditions and political representation. The JAAC emerged as the principal umbrella organisation representing a broad coalition of traders' associations, transport unions, lawyers, students and activists. The movement increasingly shifted its focus from economic issues to constitutional and political questions, particularly representation within the territory's legislative institutions.<ref name="Frontline" />

== Demands ==
One of the principal demands of the JKJAAC was the abolition of the 12 refugee seats. Protest organisers argued that political representation should be limited to residents of the territory and that the reserved seats allowed non-residents to influence its political affairs. The issue gained prominence ahead of the 2026 Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly election. Supporters of the reserved seats argued that they provide representation to displaced Kashmiris and are an integral part of the constitutional framework of Azad Kashmir.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="APStrike" />

The JAAC's programme combined economic, political and constitutional demands. The movement also demanded lower electricity tariffs, increased subsidies for wheat and essential commodities, greater local control over revenues generated by hydroelectric projects, reforms to public administration, increased accountability among elected officials, reduction of privileges and allowances granted to political officeholders and senior government officials, judicial independence, electoral reforms and transparency. In May 2026, the JAAC issued a 38-point charter of demands.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026" /><ref name="KashmirTimesUltimatum" /><ref name="Federal25Jun2026" />

The movement's demands evolved during the course of the protests, with constitutional reforms becoming increasingly prominent alongside its original economic and governance-related objectives. Protest leaders argued that the existing constitutional framework governing Pakistan-occupied Kashmir limited the political authority of locally elected institutions and called for amendments that would provide greater autonomy and democratic representation to residents of the territory.

== Supreme Court ruling ==
On 7 June 2026, the Supreme Court of Azad Kashmir ruled that the twelve refugee seats are constitutionally protected and cannot be abolished without a constitutional amendment. The court further stated that elections to the Legislative Assembly should proceed within the constitutional framework. The decision strengthened the government's position ahead of the legislative elections scheduled for July 2026 but was rejected by the JKJAAC, which announced the continuation of its protest campaign.<ref name="k">{{cite news |title=Pakistan Kashmir's top court upholds refugee seats and clears the way for upcoming elections |work=Associated Press |date=7 June 2026 |url=https://apnews.com/article/9dafaae025057b018f3afe7b30bb96d6}}</ref>

== Ban of the JAAC ==
On 5 June 2026, the Government of Azad Kashmir designated the JKJAAC as a prohibited organisation under anti-terrorism legislation. Authorities stated that the measure was necessary to preserve public order and prevent unrest ahead of the planned demonstrations and the upcoming legislative elections. The decision was condemned by JAAC leaders, who rejected accusations that the movement posed a security threat. Protest organisers argued that the ban represented an attempt to suppress political opposition and prevent demonstrations relating to electoral representation and governance issues.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="APArrests" /><ref name="WIONBan" />

Following the ban, authorities initiated a broad security operation targeting the movement's leadership. Numerous activists were detained, sedition cases were filed against prominent JAAC leaders and rewards were announced for information leading to the arrest of certain organisers. Additional police and paramilitary personnel were deployed throughout the territory, particularly in Muzaffarabad, Rawalakot and other urban centres. Road checkpoints were established and security measures were strengthened ahead of the planned long march.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="USEmbassy" />

=== Reaction to the ban ===
The ban drew criticism from human-rights organisations and civil society groups. Amnesty International described the designation of the JAAC as a dangerous escalation and warned that anti-terror legislation should not be used to criminalise peaceful political dissent. Amnesty further expressed concern regarding reports of arbitrary arrests, restrictions on freedom of assembly and the use of communication shutdowns during the unrest.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" />

Several commentators and analysts viewed the ban within the broader context of growing political tensions ahead of the 2026 elections.

== Timeline ==
=== Pre-strike developments ===
During late May and early June 2026, negotiations between protest leaders and authorities failed to resolve disagreements regarding the JAAC's demands. Following the collapse of talks, the movement intensified preparations for a region-wide shutdown and long march toward Muzaffarabad. Authorities responded by increasing security deployments and imposing restrictions in anticipation of demonstrations.<ref name="Reuters9Jun" /><ref name="Frontline" />

On the eve of the planned protests, the United States Embassy in Pakistan issued a demonstration alert. Reports from local media indicated that checkpoints had been established on major roads.<ref name="USEmbassy" />

=== Rawalakot clashes ===
On 8 June 2026, clashes erupted between protesters and security forces in Rawalakot and surrounding areas. According to regional authorities and media, between eleven and fifteen people were killed and more than seventy were injured during the unrest, including protesters and security personnel. Official figures during the first week of protests also put the casualties at 7 people killed in Kotli and 1 killed in Mirpur. Higher estimates from protest organisers and some outlets reported over 30 dead and more than 200 injured.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="AJ8Jun" /><ref name="BBCClashes" /><ref name="NDTV30" />

Authorities stated that some demonstrators attacked security personnel and government property, while protest organizers accused the authorities of using excessive force against largely peaceful demonstrators. JKJAAC leader Shaukat Nawaz Mir described the events in Rawalakot as a "massacre". Accounts of the violence differed between officials and protest organisers. Independent reporting confirmed that live ammunition was used during at least some of the confrontations. Allegations emerged that women, children and pregnant women were among those killed or injured. These claims could not be independently verified by all international news agencies.<ref name="Al" /><ref name="TOI30" />

=== General strike of 9 June ===
A region-wide strike called by the JKJAAC on 9 June resulted in the closure of markets, businesses, educational institutions and transport services across much of Azad Kashmir. Thousands of supporters participated in demonstrations despite restrictions imposed by the authorities. Markets remained closed in Muzaffarabad, Rawalakot, Kotli, Bagh, Mirpur and other towns. The strike represented one of the largest coordinated shutdowns in the territory in recent years.<ref name="APStrike" /><ref name="TheHinduMarkets" />

=== Long march ===
A central component of the protest campaign was a planned long march toward Muzaffarabad. Government authorities attempted to prevent the march through arrests, checkpoints and restrictions on movement. Despite these measures, groups of demonstrators continued to assemble and attempted to proceed toward Muzaffarabad from various districts.

Following the expiry of the JAAC's ultimatum on 23 June, protest leaders announced that the planned long march towards Muzaffarabad would proceed as scheduled. JAAC representatives rejected speculation that the march had been postponed. Thousands of demonstrators continued to participate in rallies and public meetings across Rawalakot, Muzaffarabad, Bagh, Kotli and other districts.<ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026" /><ref name="ABP25Jun2026" />

=== Negotiations ===
Throughout late June 2026, representatives of the JKJAAC continued discussions with officials of the Government of Azad Kashmir. Despite multiple rounds of negotiations, protest leaders stated that no agreement had been reached on the movement's principal constitutional and political demands. JAAC leaders stated that the movement was prepared to suspend protest activities only after the government formally accepted its principal demands.<ref name="Federal25Jun2026" /><ref name="News18LongMarch25Jun2026" />

=== Participation of women, students and children ===
As the protests entered a prolonged phase in late June, women, students and schoolchildren emerged as prominent participants in the demonstrations. Large numbers of women attended rallies and addressed crowds. Schoolchildren and university students also joined, carrying banners supporting the movement's demands. Protest organisers described the participation of younger residents as evidence that the movement had expanded beyond its original economic grievances.<ref name="PrintWomen25Jun2026" /><ref name="Moneycontrol25Jun2026" />

=== Military helicopter crash ===
On 10 June 2026, one of the military helicopters used in surveillance crashed over Muzaffarabad, killing all 22 personnel onboard. According to the Pakistani military, the helicopter crashed because of a technical fault. Pakistani authorities stated that there was no indication that the crash was connected to the protests.<ref name="APHelicopter" />

== Casualties and injuries ==
Casualty figures reported during the protests varied substantially between sources. Initial reports cited at least 11 killed and more than 70 injured. Subsequent reporting cited higher figures exceeding 30 dead and 200 injured. Additional injuries were reported during demonstrations and confrontations. Hospitals treated victims suffering from gunshot wounds and other injuries. Allegations of excessive force, including the use of live ammunition, tear gas and baton charges, were made by protest organisers and some media outlets. Authorities rejected accusations that security forces had deliberately targeted peaceful protesters.<ref name="ReutersRawalakot" /><ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="TOICasualties" />

== Communications restrictions ==
Throughout the protests, authorities imposed restrictions on communications and movement. NetBlocks stated that access to the web remained severely restricted. Protest organisers alleged that the restrictions were intended to prevent demonstrators from travelling between districts and to hinder the organisation of rallies.<ref name="Al" />

== Blockade and humanitarian situation ==
During the later stages of the protests, demonstrators accused Pakistani authorities of restricting the movement of food, fuel and medicines into the territory, resulting in reported shortages of essential commodities in several districts including Muzaffarabad, Rawalakot, Bagh, Kotli and the Neelum Valley. Protest leaders alleged that these measures constituted "starvation tactics" and disproportionately affected women, children and elderly residents. Pakistani authorities denied imposing a blockade and maintained that transportation disruptions resulted from security measures introduced during the unrest.<ref name="IndiaToday25Jun2026" /><ref name="Federal25Jun2026" /><ref name="News18Starving25Jun2026" />

== Government response ==
The government deployed additional security personnel, detained activists and increased security measures. Prime Minister Faisal Mumtaz Rathore stated that dialogue remained possible but maintained that constitutionally protected issues could not be altered without following legal procedures. Pakistan Defence Minister Khawaja Asif urged "complete obedience to state." Authorities defended the measures as necessary to maintain public order.<ref name=":3" />

== International reaction ==
[[Amnesty International]] criticised the government's response, expressing concern over reports of internet shutdowns, arbitrary arrests and the use of force against protesters. The United States Embassy issued a demonstration alert. The protests received significant attention in India. The Kashmiri diaspora, particularly in the United Kingdom, organised protests and called for international scrutiny.<ref name="Amnesty9Jun" /><ref name="IndiaTodayUK" />

== Diaspora response ==
The protests received significant attention among members of the Kashmiri diaspora, particularly in the United Kingdom, where demonstrations and solidarity campaigns were organised. Diaspora organisations called for international scrutiny and urged foreign governments and human rights organisations to monitor developments.<ref name="TOIDiaspora" />

== Aftermath ==
By late June 2026, the protests had become one of the largest sustained political movements in Pakistan-administered Kashmir in recent years. Demonstrations continued without a comprehensive political settlement. The movement highlighted ongoing disputes regarding political representation, constitutional reform and governance in the territory. Political analysts described the protests as a significant shift, evolving from economic grievances into a broader campaign for constitutional reform with broad participation across society.<ref name="PrintAnalysis25Jun2026" /><ref name="Federal25Jun2026" />

== See also ==
*[[2024 Azad Kashmir protests]]
*[[2025 Azad Kashmir protests]]
*[[Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee]]
*[[Azad Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]
*[[Kashmir conflict]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Azad Kashmir protests, 2026}}
[[Category:2026 protests]]
[[Category:2026 in Azad Kashmir]]
[[Category:June 2026 events in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Politics of Azad Kashmir]]
[[Category:Political controversies in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Protests in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Riots and civil disorder in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Civil disorder in Asia]]
[[Category:Kashmir conflict]]
[[Category:Human rights abuses in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Internet censorship in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Political movements in Kashmir]]

2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests

2026-06-10T21:03:41Z

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2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests

2026-06-10T21:01:25Z

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2026 Pakistan-occupied Kashmir protests

2026-06-10T20:56:46Z

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