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Anup Kumar (Bengali actor)

2026-05-05T11:32:53Z

Silentbram: Started Bio - done

{{Short description|Indian actor}}
{{Distinguish|Anoop Kumar}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2010}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Anup Kumar
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_name = Satyen Das
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1930|06|17}}
| birth_place = [[Calcutta]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1998|09|03|1930|06|17|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| othername =
| occupation = [[Actor]], [[Cinema of West Bengal]]
| years_active = 1938–1998
| spouse =
| relatives = Deepjit Das (grandson)
| website =
}}

'''Anup Kumar''' ({{langx|bn|অনুপ কুমার}}; 17 June 1930 – 3 September 1998<ref>[http://www.rediff.com/news/1997/sep/04anup.htm]{{dead link|date=September 2019}}</ref>) was an [[Indian people|Indian]] actor who is known for his work in [[Cinema of West Bengal|Bengali cinema]].

== Early life ==
Anup Kumar was born on 17 June 1930 in [[Calcutta]], [[British India]]. His [[Pseudonym|real name]] was Satyen Das. His parents were Dhirendra Nath Das who was a singer and actor and was closely associated with the famous poet and composer, [[Kazi Nazrul Islam]] [1899-1976], and Bijoya Das. He passed his Matriculation at the Calcutta Jubilee Institution. In 1986, he married actress Aloka Ganguly.

== Acting career ==
Anup Kumar took his acting lessons from his father and [[Sisir Kumar Bhaduri]]. He started acting quite early in life. He got his first break as a child artist in [[Dhiren Ganguly]]'s film ''[[Halkatha]]'' (1938). ''[[Palatak]]'', ''Jiban Kahini'', ''[[Alor Pipasa]]'', ''[[Nimantran]]'' and ''[[Thagini]]'' were the movies which exposed his versatility as an actor. He was also involved with live theatre, [[yatra]]s, and film directing.

In 1964, he was awarded the [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards|BFJA Award]] for Best Actor for his performance in the film ''[[Palatak]]''. He received a silver medal from the [[Star Theatre, Kolkata|Star Theatre]]. In 1988, he won the ''West Bengal Natya Academy Award''. In 1989, he was awarded with ''Siromoni Prize'' and in 1991, he was awarded Best Director for his [[yatra]]s. In 1997, he was recognized by the BFJA Awards for completion of 50 years in films.

Besides his superlative performance in ''[[Palatak]]'', Anup Kumar is also remembered for his brilliant comic timing. Along with the classic comedians like [[Nabadwip Haldar]], [[Bhanu Bandopadhyay]], [[Jahor Roy]] and [[Rabi Ghosh]], Anup Kumar is much-admired comedic roles in films such as ''[[Basanta Bilap]]'', ''[[Mouchak]]'', ''[[Fuleswari]]'', ''[[Dadar Kirti]]'', ''Protisodh'' etc.

== Politics ==
In 1996, Kumar stood for election to the [[Vidhan Sabha]] as a [[CPI(M)]] representative from [[Cossipore]]; but he was not elected.{{Citation needed|date=May 2016}}

== Filmography ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Director !! Co-Star !! Notes
|-
| 1934|| ''Halkatha'' || || [[Dhirendranath Ganguly]] || ||
|-
| 1946|| ''Sangram'' || || Ardhendu Mukherjee || ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1948|| ''Bankalekha'' || || [[Chitta Bose]] || ||
|-
| ''Dhatri Debata'' || || Kali Prasad Ghose || ||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1949|| ''Sankalpa'' || || [[Agradoot]] || ||
|-
| ''Krishna Kaberi'' || || [[Bidhayak Bhattacharya]] || ||
|-
| ''Sakshigopal'' || || Gour See || ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1950|| ''Vidyasagar'' || || Kali Prasad Ghose || [[Pahari Sanyal]] ||
|-
| ''[[Maryada (1950 film)|Maryada]]'' || || Digambar Chatterjee || ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1951|| ''[[Bhakta Raghunath]]'' || || Debnarayan Gupta || ||
|-
| ''Barjatri'' || || [[Satyen Bose]] || [[Kali Banerjee]] ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1952|| ''[[Pasher Bari]]'' || || Sudhir Mukherjee || [[Sabitri Chatterjee]], [[Satya Bandyopadhyay]] ||
|-
| ''[[Rani]]'' || || [[L. V. Prasad]] || ||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 1953|| ''Bansher Kella'' || || Sudhir Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Rami Chandidas'' || || Debnarayan Gupta || [[Sandhyarani]]||
|-
| ''[[Raja Krishnachandra]]'' || || Sudhirbandhu Bannerjee || ||
|-
| ''Swashurbari'' || || Arun Choudhury || ||
|-
| rowspan="7" | 1954|| ''Nil Shari'' || || Sudhirbandhu Bannerjee || ||
|-
| ''Aaj Sandhyay'' || || Sudhir Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Mahila Mahal'' || || Binu Bardhan || ||
|-
| ''Bidhilipi'' || Anup || Manu Sen || ||
|-
| ''[[Annapurnar Mandir]]'' || || [[Naresh Mitra]] ||[[Uttam Kumar]], [[Sabitri Chatterjee]], [[Suchitra Sen]] ||
|-
| ''[[Agni Pareeksha (1954 film)|Agni Pareeksha]]'' || || [[Agradoot]] || [[Uttam Kumar]], [[Suchitra Sen]] || First movie with [[Uttam Kumar]], [[Suchitra Sen]]
|-
| ''Ei Satyi'' || || Suresh Haldar|| ||
|-
| rowspan="7" | 1955|| ''[[Rani Rashmoni]]'' || || Kali Prasad Ghose || Malina Devi, [[Gurudas Banerjee]], Asitbaran ||
|-
| ''Anupama'' || Keshto || [[Agradoot]] || ||
|-
| ''Debatra'' || || [[Haridas Bhattacharya]] || ||
|-
| ''Joy Maa Kali Boarding'' || || Sadhan Sarkar || ||
|-
| ''[[Kankabatir Ghat]]'' || || [[Chitta Bose]] || ||
|-
| ''Mejo Bou'' || Debnarayan Gupta || ||
|-
| ''[[Sagarika (1956 film)|Sagarika]]'' || || Agragami || [[Uttam Kumar]], [[Suchitra Sen]] ||
|-
| rowspan="10" | 1956|| ''[[Tonsil]]'' || || [[Tapan Sinha]] || [[Madhabi Mukherjee]] ||
|-
| ''[[Ekti Raat]]'' || || [[Chitta Bose]] || [[Uttam Kumar]], [[Suchitra Sen]], Sabita Chatterjee, [[Kamal Mitra]], [[Pahari Sanyal]], Malina Devi ||
|-
| ''[[Shankar Narayan Bank]]'' || || [[Niren Lahiri]] || [[Uttam Kumar]] ||
|-
| ''Asamapta'' || || Ratan Chatterjee || ||
|-
| ''[[Shyamali]]'' || || [[Ajoy Kar]] || [[Uttam Kumar]], [[Kaberi Bose]], Malina Devi ||
|-
| ''[[Madan Mohan]]'' || Amal Kumar Bose || ||
|-
| ''[[Putrabadhu]]'' || || [[Chitta Bose]] || ||
|-
| ''Nagardola'' || || Amalendu Basu || ||
|-
| ''Sinthir Sindoor'' || || Ardhendu Sen || ||
|-
| ''Mahakavi Girish Chandra'' || || [[Modhu Bose]] || [[Pahari Sanyal]], [[Gurudas Banerjee]] ||
|-
| rowspan="15" | 1957|| ''Harjit'' || || Manu Sen || [[Uttam Kumar]], Anita Guha ||
|-
| ''Ulka'' || || Naresh Mitra || Dipak Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''Ratri Sheshey'' || Santosh Guharay || ||
|-
| ''Punarmilan'' || || Manu Sen || [[Uttam Kumar]], Manju De, [[Anil Chatterjee]], [[Sabitri Chatterjee]], Jahar Ganguli ||
|-
| ''Prithibi Amare Chay'' || || [[Niren Lahiri]] || [[Uttam Kumar]], [[Mala Sinha]] ||
|-
| ''[[Adarsha Hindu Hotel (film)|Adarsha Hindu Hotel]]'' || || Ardhendu Sen || [[Sabitri Chatterjee]] ||
|-
| ''[[Harishchandra]]'' || || Phani Burma || ||
|-
| ''Khela Bhangar Khela'' || || Ratan Chatterjee || ||
|-
| ''Surer Parashe'' || || [[Chitta Bose]] || ||
|-
| ''Rastar Chhele'' || || [[Chitta Bose]] || ||
|-
| ''Kancha-Mithey'' || || Jyotirmoy Roy || ||
|-
| ''Ogo Sunchho'' || || Kamal Ganguly || [[Bhanu Banerjee]] ||
|-
| ''Garer Math'' || || Aaj Production Unit || ||
|-
| ''[[Pathe Holo Deri]]'' || || [[Agradoot]] || [[Uttam Kumar]], [[Suchitra Sen]], [[Chhabi Biswas]] ||
|-
| ''Janmatithi'' || || Dilip Mukherji Sr. || ||
|-
| rowspan="6" | 1958|| ''Kalamati'' || || [[Tapan Sinha]] || ||
|-
| ''Daktarbabu'' || || Bishu Dasgupta || ||
|-
| ''Priya'' || || Salil Sen || ||
|-
| ''Lila Kanka'' || || Satish Dasgupta || ||
|-
| ''Marmabani'' || || Sushil Majumdar || ||
|-
| ''Nagini Kanyar Kahini'' || || Salil Sen || ||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 1959|| ''Derso Khokhar Kando'' || || Kamal Ganguly || ||
|-
| ''Sashibabur Sansar'' || || Sudhir Mukherjee || [[Chhabi Biswas]], [[Chandrabati Devi]], [[Sabitri Chatterjee]], [[Arundhati Devi]], [[Basanta Choudhury]] ||
|-
| ''Gali Thekey Rajpath'' || || [[Prafulla Chakraborty]] || [[Uttam Kumar]], [[Sabitri Chatterjee]] ||
|-
| ''Noukabilas'' || || Sudhir Mukherjee || ||
|-
| rowspan="6" | 1960|| ''Dui Bechara'' || || [[Dilip Bose]] || ||
|-
| ''Prabesh Nishedh'' || || Sushil Ghosh || ||
|-
| ''Baishey Shravana'' || || [[Mrinal Sen]] || Gyanesh Mukherjee, Madhabi Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''Smriti Tuku Thak'' || Shobha's brother || Tarun Majumdar, Dilip Mukherjee, Sachin Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Natun Fasal'' || || Hemchandra Chunder || [[Kali Banerjee]], Supriya Devi ||
|-
| ''Biyer Khata'' || || Nirmal Dey || ||
|-
| rowspan="9" | 1961|| ''Mr. & Mrs. Choudhury'' || || Ashim Pal || ||
|-
| ''Bishkanya'' || || Shri Jayadratha || Tarun Kumar ||
|-
| ''Arghya'' || || Debaki Bose || ||
|-
| ''Kathin Maya'' || || Sushil Majumdar || ||
|-
| ''Kanchanmulya'' || || Nirmal Mitra || ||
|-
| ''Aaj Kal Parshu'' || || Nirmal Sarbagna || ||
|-
| ''Ahwan'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || Anil Chatterjee, [[Sandhya Roy]] ||
|-
| ''Maa'' || || Chitta Bose || ||
|-
| ''[[Kanamachi]]'' || || Tas Unit || ||
|-
| rowspan="6" | 1962|| ''Abasheshe'' || || [[Mrinal Sen]] || ||
|-
| ''Agnisikha'' || || [[Rajen Tarafdar]] || ||
|-
| ''Shesh Chinha'' || || Bibhuti Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Abhisarika'' || || Kamal Majumdar || ||
|-
| ''Benarasi'' || || Arup Guhathakurta || [[Ruma Guhathakurta]] ||
|-
| ''Shubhoddristi'' || || [[Chitta Bose]] || ||
|-
| rowspan="8" | 1963|| ''Dui Bari'' || || Ashim Pal || ||
|-
| ''Barnachora'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Saat Bhai'' || || Taru Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''High Heel'' || || Dilip Bose || Sandhya Roy, Bhanu Banerjee, Anil Chatterjee ||
|-
| ''[[Palatak]]'' || Basanta Chatujye || Tarun Majumdar || Sandhya Roy, Asitbaran, Bharati Devi, Jahar Roy ||
|-
| ''Dui Nari'' || || Jiban Ganguly || ||
|-
| ''Kanchankanya'' || || Sukhendu Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Shreyasi'' || || Shyam Chakraborty || ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1964|| ''Tahole'' || || Gurudas Bagchi || Bikash Roy, Dilip Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''Jiban Kahini'' || || Rajen Tarafdar || Sandhya Roy, Bikash Roy ||
|-
| ''Kashtipathar'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''[[Pratinidhi (film)|Pratinidhi]]'' || || [[Mrinal Sen]] || Soumitra Chatterjee, Sabitri Chatterjee ||
|-
| ''Bingshati Janani'' || || Khagen Roy || ||
|-
| rowspan="9" | 1965|| ''[[Alor Pipasa]]'' || Sohan Lal || [[Tarun Majumdar]] || Sandhya Roy, Basanta Choudhury ||
|-
| ''Mahalagna'' || || Kanak Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Antaral'' || || Agradoot || ||
|-
| ''Jaya'' || || Chitta Bose || Malina Devi, Pahari Sanyal, Sabitri Chatterjee, Anil Chatterjee, Lily Chakraborti, Tarun Kumar ||
|-
| ''Ektuku Basa'' || || Tarun Majumdar || Sandhya Roy, Soumitra Chatterjee ||
|-
| ''Dinanter Alo'' || || Mangal Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Dolna'' || || Partha Prathim Choudhury || ||
|-
| ''Mukhujye Paribar'' || || Ajit Ganguly || ||
|-
| ''Tapasi'' || || Agradoot || ||
|-
| rowspan="8" | 1966|| ''[[Rajdrohi]]'' || || Niren Lahiri || Uttam Kumar, Anjana Bhoumick, Bikash Roy ||
|-
| ''Mayabini Lane'' || || Kanak Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Kalanki Raat'' || || Binoy Bannerjee || ||
|-
| ''Nutan Jiban'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || Anil Chatterjee, Pahari Sanyal, Sandhya Roy, Jahar Roy, Sumita Sanyal ||
|-
| ''Shesh Tin Din'' || || Prafulla Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''[[Uttar Purush]]'' || || [[Chitrakar]] || ||
|-
| ''Last Three Days'' || || Prafulla Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Natun Jiban'' || || Aurobindo Mukhopadhyay || ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1967|| ''[[Hathat Dekha]]'' || || Nityananda Dutta || ||
|-
| ''Jiban Mrityu'' || || [[Hiren Nag]] || Uttam Kumar, Supriya Devi, Kamal Mitra ||
|-
| ''[[Kheya]]'' || || Rupak Gosthi || ||
|-
| ''Prastar Swakshar'' || Sujit || Salil Dutta || Sandhya Roy ||
|-
| ''[[Balika Badhu (1967 film)|Balika Bodhu]]'' || || Tarun Majumdar || Partha Mukherjee, Mousumi Chatterjee ||
|-
| rowspan="6" | 1968|| ''Chhotto Jignansa'' || || Jagannath Chatterjee || [[Biswajeet]], Madhabi Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''Teen Adhyay'' || || Mangal Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Baluchari'' || || Ajit Ganguly || [[Anil Chatterjee]], Sabitri Chatterjee, Lily Chakraborti ||
|-
| ''[[Gar Nasimpur]]'' || || Ajit Lahiri || [[Uttam Kumar]], Biswajeet, Madhabi Mukherjee, Dev Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''Boudi'' || || Dilip Bose || ||
|-
| ''Jiban Sangeet'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || ||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 1969|| ''Dadu'' || || Ajit Ganguly || ||
|-
| ''Duranta Charai'' || || Jagannath Chatterjee || ||
|-
| ''Pita Putra'' || Gobinda (Gabin) || Aravind Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Panna Heere Chuni'' || ||Amal Dutta || ||
|-
| rowspan="7" | 1970|| ''[[Samantaral]]'' || || Gurudas Bagchi || ||
|-
| ''Aleyar Alo'' || || Mangal Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Kalankita Nayak'' || || [[Salil Dutta]] || Uttam Kumar, Sabitri Chatterjee, Bikash Roy, Aparna Sen ||
|-
| ''Padmagolap'' || || Ajit Lahiri || ||
|-
| ''[[Nishi Padma]]'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || Uttam Kumar, Sabitri Chatterjee ||
|-
| ''Manjari Opera'' || || Agradoot || Uttam Kumar, Sabitri Chatterjee ||
|-
| ''Ei Korechho Bhalo'' || Ashish Bannerjee || Ajit Bannerjee || ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1971|| ''[[Nimantran]]'' || || Tarun Majumdar || Sandhya Roy, Nondini Maliya ||
|-
| ''Pratham Basanta'' || || Nirmal Mitra || ||
|-
| ''Bibaha Bibhrat'' || || Ashim Bannerjee || ||
|-
| ''Anya Mati Anya Rang'' || || Ramprasad Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Attatar Din Pare'' || || Ajit Lahiri || ||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 1972|| ''Biraj Bou'' || || Manu Sen || Uttam Kumar, Madhabi Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''Shesh Parba'' || || [[Chitta Bose]] || ||
|-
| ''Naya Michhil'' || || Piyush Kanti Ganguly || ||
|-
| ''Jiban Sangram'' || || Prabhat Chakraborty || ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1973|| ''[[Shabari]]'' || ||Ashok Das || ||
|-
| ''[[Basanta Bilap]]'' || || Dinen Gupta || [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], [[Aparna Sen]], [[Rabi Ghosh]] ||
|-
| ''Natun Diner Alo'' || || Ajit Ganguly || Soumitra Chatterjee, Sandhyarani, Sabitri ||
|-
| ''Ek Je Chhilo Bagh'' || || Uma Prasad Moitra || ||
|-
| ''Daabi'' || || Kanak Mukherjee || ||
|-
| rowspan="7" | 1974|| ''[[Mouchak]]'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || [[Uttam Kumar]], [[Sabitri Chatterjee]], [[Ranjit Mallick]] ||
|-
| ''Pranta Rekha'' || || Dinen Gupta || ||
|-
| ''Phulu Thakurma'' || || Sadhan Sarkar || Kamal Mitra, Malina Devi, Satya Banerjee ||
|-
| ''[[Fuleswari]]'' || || [[Tarun Majumdar]] || Sandhya Roy, Samit Bhanja ||
|-
| ''[[Sangini]]'' || || Dinen Gupta || ||
|-
| ''[[Thagini]]'' || || Tarun Majumdar || Sandhya Roy, Utpal Dutta, Robi Ghosh ||
|-
| ''Ujala Hi Ujala'' || Anuradha's Father || S. M. Sagar || ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1975|| ''Harano Prapti Niruddesh'' || || Swadesh Sarkar || Dipankar De, Sandhya Roy ||
|-
| ''Tin Pari Chhoy Premik'' || || Dilip Bannerjee || ||
|-
| ''Rag Anurag'' || Barun || Dinen Gupta || Ranjit Mallick, Aparna Sen ||
|-
| ''Nishimrigaya'' || || Dinen Gupta || ||
|-
| ''Phulshajya'' || || Sarathi || ||
|-
| rowspan="6" | 1976|| ''[[Sei Chokh]]'' || || Salil Dutta || ||
|-
| ''Swikarokti'' || || Gyanesh Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Ajasra Dhanyabad'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || Soumitra Chatterjee, Sumitra Mukherjee, Basanta Choudhry ||
|-
| ''Ananda Mela'' || || Mangal Chakraborty || Uttam Kumar, Arati Bhattacharyya ||
|-
| ''[[Do Anjaane]]'' || Amit's co-worker || [[Dulal Guha]] || ||
|-
| ''Chander Kachhakachhi'' || || Dilip Mukherji || ||
|-
| rowspan="10" | 1977|| ''[[Babu Moshai]]'' || || [[Salil Dutta]] || ||
|-
| ''Bhola Moira'' || || Piyush Kanti Ganguly || Uttam Kumar, Supriya Devi, Bikash Roy, Lily Chakraborti ||
|-
| ''Pratisruti'' || || Pinaki Mukherjee || Ranjit Mallick, Santu Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''Golap Bou'' || || Shakti Bandyopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''Baba Taraknath'' || || Sunil Bannerjee || Sandhya Roy, Biswajeet ||
|-
| ''Ek Je Chhilo Desh'' || || Tapan Sinha || Dipankar De, Sumitra Mukherjee, Sonali Gupta, [[Santosh Dutta]] ||
|-
| ''Ae Prithibi Pantha Niwas'' || || Arabinda Mukhopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''[[Sanai]]'' || Haru || Dinen Gupta || ||
|-
| ''Pratima'' || || Palash Bannerjee || Soumitra Chatterje, Sumitra Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''Proxy'' || || Dinen Gupta || Ranjit Mallick, Aparna Sen, Satya Banerjee ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1978|| ''Dak Diye Jai'' || Mahendra (postman) || Ranjit Mull Kankaria || ||
|-
| ''Nishkriti'' || || Sunil Basu Mullick || Satya Banerjee, Nirmal Kumar, Madhabi Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''[[Nadi Theke Sagare]]'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''[[Tusi]]'' || || Gurudas Bagchi || Anil Chatterjee ||
|-
| ''[[Tilottama]]'' || Madan || Dinen Gupta || Ranjit Mallick, Sumitra Mukherjee, Utpal Dutta, Gita Dey ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1979|| ''Debdas'' || || Dilip Roy || ||
|-
| ''Ghatkali'' || || Bimal Roy Jr. || Satya Banerjee ||
|-
| ''Ganadevata'' || || Tarun Majumdar || ||
|-
| ''Chirantan'' || || Gurudas Bagchi || ||
|-
| ''Sikandar'' || || Nur Hossain Bolai || ||
|-
| 1980|| ''[[Dadar Kirti]]'' || Bhombol || Tarun Majumdar || [[Mahua Roychoudhury]], [[Debashree Roy|Debasree Roy]], [[Tapas Paul]], Ayan Banerjee, Kali Banerjee ||
|-
| rowspan="8" | 1981|| ''Meghmukti'' || || Tarun Majumdar || ||
|-
| ''Subarnalata'' || || Bijoy Bose || Madhabi Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''Khelar Putul'' || || Tarun Majumdar || ||
|-
| ''Sei Sur'' || || Niranjan Dey || ||
|-
| ''Pratishodh'' || || Sukhen Das || Uttam Kumar, Soumitra Chatterjee, Mohua Roychowdhury ||
|-
| ''Swami Stri'' || || Gurudas Bagchi || ||
|-
| ''Shahar Theke Dure'' || Ratan Thakur|| Tarun Majumdar || Samit Bhanja, Sandhya Roy ||
|-
| ''Bodhan'' || || Amal Dutta || ||
|-
| rowspan="9" | 1982|| ''Pipasa'' || || Inder Sen || ||
|-
| ''Maa Bhabani Maa Aamar'' || || Sadhan Choudhury || ||
|-
| ''Imon Kalyan'' || Nidhi (servant) || Shantimoy Bannerjee || Uttam Kumar, Supriya Devi, Dipankar De ||
|-
| ''Preyasi'' || || Shrikanta Guha-Thakurta || ||
|-
| ''Mayer Ashirbad'' || || Parimal Ghosh || ||
|-
| ''Amrita Kumbher Sandhaney'' || || Dilip Ray || Subhendu Chatterjee, Bhanu Banerjee, Aparna Sen, Lily Chakraborti ||
|-
| ''[[Prafulla]]'' || || Sujoy Datta || ||
|-
| ''Sonar Bangla'' || || Kedar Agarwal || ||
|-
| ''Shathe Shathyang'' || || Dinen Gupta || Ranjit Mallick ||
|-
| rowspan="12" | 1983|| ''Prayashchitta'' || || Arabinda Mukhopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''Amar Geeti'' || || Tarun Majumdar || Soumitra Chatterjee, Biswajeet, Sandhya Roy ||
|-
| ''[[Srinkhal]]'' || || Abir Basu || ||
|-
| ''Sansarer Itikatha'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Nishi Bhor'' || || Rashbehari Sinha || ||
|-
| ''[[Abhinoy Noy]]'' || || Archan Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Arpita'' || || Aravind Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Jyotsna Ratri'' || || Mrinal Bhattacharya || ||
|-
| ''[[Jiban Maran]]'' || || Sukhen Das || ||
|-
| ''Indira'' || || Dinen Gupta || ||
|-
| ''Ei Chhilo Mone'' || || Subir Sarkar || ||
|-
| ''Samapti'' || || Bijoy Bose || ||
|-
| rowspan="8" | 1984|| ''Suryatrishna'' || || Ashutosh Bannerjee || ||
|-
| ''Lal Golap'' || || Jahar Biswas || ||
|-
| ''Mohanar Dike'' || || Biresh Chatterjee || Dipankar De, Aparna Sen, Sumitra Mukherjee ||
|-
| ''Agni Shuddhi'' || || Sachin Adhikari || ||
|-
| ''[[Ahuti]]'' || || Prabir Mitra || ||
|-
| ''Rashiphal'' || || Dinen Gupta || ||
|-
| ''Sorgol'' || || Biswajit || ||
|-
| ''[[Shatru (1984 film)|Shatru]]'' || || Anjan Choudhury || Ranjit Mallick ||
|-
| rowspan="8" | 1985|| ''[[Bhalobasa Bhalobasa (1985 film)|Bhalobasa Bhalobasa]]'' || || Tarun Majumdar || Tapas Paul, Debosree Roy, Utpal Dutta ||
|-
| ''Baikunther Will'' || || Sushil Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''[[Harishchandra Shaibya]]'' || || Ardhendu Chatterjee || ||
|-
| ''Sandhya Pradeep'' || || Anjan Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Till Theke Tal'' || || Shantimoy Bannerjee || ||
|-
| ''Putulghar'' || || Amit Sarkar || ||
|-
| ''Aamar Prithibi'' || || Bimal Bhowmick || ||
|-
| ''Nilkantha'' || || Dilip Ray || Dilip Ray, Aparna Sen, Mamata Shankar ||
|-
| rowspan="10" | 1986|| ''Swarga Sukh'' || || Bablu Samaddar || ||
|-
| ''Anurager Chhoan'' || || Jahar Biswas || Tapas Paul, Mohua Roychowdhury ||
|-
| ''Dui Adhyay'' || || Goutam Mukhopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''Urbashe'' || || Salil Dutta || ||
|-
| ''Abhishap'' || || Biresh Chatterjee || ||
|-
| ''Daktar Bou'' || || Jagadish Mandal || ||
|-
| ''[[Shatru (1986 film)|Shatru]]'' || Inspector Anup Chatterjee || Pramod Chakravorty || Hindi film||
|-
| ''[[Ashirwad]]'' || || Biresh Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Ashirbad'' || || Biresh Chattopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''Mukhujjey Paribar'' || || Sunil Basu Mullick || ||
|-
| rowspan="14" | 1987|| ''Bidrohi'' || || [[Anjan Choudhury]] || ||
|-
| ''[[Lalan Fakir]]'' || || Shakti Chatterjee || Ashim Kumar ||
|-
| ''Raj Purush'' || || Iman Kalyan Chatterjee || ||
|-
| ''Mahamilan'' || || Dinen Gupta || ||
|-
| ''[[Radharani]]'' || || Ajit Bannerjee || ||
|-
| ''Swarnamoyeer Thikana'' || || Sushil Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Mouna Mukhar'' || || Sarit Bannerjee || ||
|-
| ''Ekanto Apon'' || || Biresh Chattopadhyay || [[Victor Banerjee]], Aparna Sen ||
|-
| ''Sargam'' || || Dinen Gupta || ||
|-
| ''[[Abir]]'' || || Kamal Majumdar || ||
|-
| ''[[Arpan]]'' || || Srinivas Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Dabar Chal'' || || Kumar Gangopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''Dolonchanpa'' || || [[Sujit Guha]] || ||
|-
| ''Paap Punnya'' || || Rajat Das || ||
|-
| rowspan="12" | 1988|| ''Kalankini Nayika'' || || Shuven Sarkar || ||
|-
| ''Boba Sanai'' || || Ajit Ganguly || ||
|-
| ''Channachara'' || || Anjan Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Kidnap'' || || Abir Basu || ||
|-
| ''Antaranga'' || || Dinen Gupta || ||
|-
| ''Tumi Koto Sundar'' || || Manoj Ghosh || ||
|-
| ''Debi Baran'' || || Shrikanta Guha-Thakurta || ||
|-
| ''Surer Akashe'' || || Biresh Chatterjee || ||
|-
| ''Dena Paona'' || || Sukhen Das || ||
|-
| ''Agaman'' || || [[Tarun Majumdar]] || Tapas Paul, Debosree Roy, Sandhya Roy, Utpal Dutta ||
|-
| ''Surer Sathi'' || || Tapan Saha || ||
|-
| ''Ora Charjan'' || || [[Shamit Bhanja]] || ||
|-
| rowspan="14" | 1989|| ''Biday'' || || Ajit Ganguly || ||
|-
| ''Mangaldip'' || || [[Haranath Chakraborty]] || ||
|-
| ''Shatarupa'' || || Palash Bannerjee || ||
|-
| ''Aparanher Alo'' || || [[Agradoot]] || Sandhyarani ||
|-
| ''Abhisar'' || || Sanat Dutta || ||
|-
|''Asha'' || || Sajal Deb || ||
|-
| ''Jhankar'' || || [[Sujit Guha]] || ||
|-
| ''Aamar Shapath'' || || [[Prabhat Roy]] || ||
|-
| ''Aghatan Ajo Ghate'' || ||Amal Mitra || ||
|-
| ''Asha-O-Bhalobasha'' || || [[Sujit Guha]] || ||
|-
| ''[[Asha]]'' || ||Anup Sengupta || ||
|-
| ''Mangal Deep'' || || Haranath Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Satarupa'' || || Palash Bandopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''Chhandaneer'' || || Utpalendu Chakrabarty || ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1990|| ''Anuraag'' || || Jahar Biswas || ||
|-
| ''[[Apan Aamar Apan]]'' || || [[Tarun Majumdar]] || ||
|-
| ''Raktareen'' || || Sushil Mukherjee || ||
|-
| ''Garmil'' || || [[Dilip Ray]] || ||
|-
| ''Debota'' || || Abhijit Sen || ||
|-
| rowspan="11" | 1991|| ''[[Ahankar]]'' || || Shrikanta Guha-Thakurta || ||
|-
| ''[[Nabab]]'' || || [[Haranath Chakraborty]] || ||
|-
| ''Rajnartaki'' || || Narayan Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Nilimay Nil'' || || Biresh Chatterjee || [[Tapas Paul]] ||
|-
| ''[[Bourani]]'' || || Bhabesh Kundu || ||
|-
| ''Abhagini'' || || Bablu Samaddar || ||
|-
| ''Sajani Go Sajani'' || || [[Tarun Majumdar]] || ||
|-
| ''Pati Param Guru'' || || Biresh Chattopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''Ek Pashla Brishti'' || || Nitish Ray || ||
|-
| ''Path-O-Prasad'' || || [[Tarun Majumdar]] || ||
|-
| ''Nawab'' || || Haranath Chakraborty || ||
|-
| 1992|| ''Anutap'' || || [[Prabhat Ray]] || ||
|-
| rowspan="7" | 1992|| ''Pennam Kolkata'' || || Gurudas Bagchi || ||
|-
| ''Indrajit'' || || [[Anjan Choudhury]] || ||
|-
| ''Priya'' || || Shibu Mitra || ||
|-
| ''Mahashoy'' || || Mukul Dutta || ||
|-
| ''Satya Mithya'' || ||A. K. Mintu || ||
|-
| ''Nabarupa'' || || Amal Ray Ghatak || ||
|-
| ''Rupaban'' || Mastermoshai || Harun-Ur-Rashid || ||
|-
| rowspan="10" | 1993|| ''[[Mon Mane Na (1992 film)|Mon Mane Na]]'' || || Inder Sen || [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], Silpa das ||
|-
| ''Krantikal'' || || Amal Sur || ||
|-
| ''Maya Mamata'' || || [[Anjan Choudhury]] || ||
|-
| ''Bhranta Pathik'' || || Ardhendu Chatterjee || ||
|-
| ''Shraddhanjali'' || || Shrikanta Guha-Thakurta || ||
|-
| ''Mishti Madhur'' || || Santimoy Bandyopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''Kanyadan'' || || Amal Dutta || ||
|-
| ''Prithibir Shesh Station'' || || Lalit Mukhopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''[[Tapasya]]'' || || Rajat Das || ||
|-
| ''Mayer Ashirbad'' || || Alamgir || ||
|-
| rowspan="9" | 1994|| ''Tobu Mone Rekho'' || || Nitish Ray || ||
|-
| ''Atikram'' || || Amal Dutta || ||
|-
| ''Geet Sangeet'' || || Subhash Sen || ||
|-
| ''Nati Binodini'' || || Dinen Gupta || ||
|-
| ''Ami O Maa'' || || Sukhen Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Salma Sundari'' || || Ajit Ganguly || ||
|-
| ''Katha Chhilo'' || || [[Tarun Majumdar]] || ||
|-
| ''Lal Pan Bibi'' || || Prashanta Nanda || ||
|-
| ''Harishchandra'' || || Phani Burma || ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1995|| ''[[Sangharsha (1995 film)|Sangharsha]]'' || || [[Haranath Chakraborty]] || [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Ranjit Mallick]], [[Tapas Paul]], [[Laboni Sarkar]] ||
|-
| ''Mashal'' || || Shankar Ray || ||
|-
| ''Mejo Bou'' || || Bablu Samaddar || ||
|-
| ''Rangin Basanta'' || || Sandip Chattopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''Sansar Sangram'' || || [[Chiranjit]] || ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1996|| ''Himghar'' || || Sandip Ray || [[Anil Chatterjee]] ||
|-
| ''Rabibar'' || || Nitish Mukhopadhyay || ||
|-
| ''Joto Kando Kathmandute'' || Jatayu || Sandip Ray || || TV Movie
|-
| ''Sinthir Sindoor'' || || Anup Sengupta || ||
|-
| ''Tridhara'' || || Prashanta Nanda || ||
|-
| rowspan="7" | 1997|| ''Ajker Santan'' || || [[Haranath Chakraborty]] || [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Ranjit Mallick]], [[Tapas Paul]] ||
|-
| Jiban Sandhan' || || Ramprasad Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Pratirodh'' || || Srinivas Chakraborty || ||
|-
| ''Matribhumi'' || || Milan Bhowmik || ||
|-
| ''[[Saptami]]'' ||[[Pallab Ghosh]] ||||
|-
| ''Bahurupa'' || || Arabinda Mitra || ||
|-
| ''Dabidar'' || || Shyamal Basu || || Last released film during his lifetime
|-
| 1999|| ''Neoti'' || || Bablu Samaddar || ||
|-
| 2009|| ''Narak Guljar'' || || Nitish Mukherjee || || (final film role)
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|1352627|Anup Kumar}}
{{Subject bar
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|d-search =
|portal1 = Biography
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{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumar, Anup}}
[[Category:1932 births]]
[[Category:Bengali Hindus]]
[[Category:Male actors in Bengali cinema]]
[[Category:Bengali male actors]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Indian male comedians]]
[[Category:1998 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Male actors from Kolkata]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian comedians]]

Dipak Kumar Halder

2026-05-02T12:31:30Z

Silentbram: Added New Biography

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}

'''Dipak Kumar Halder''' (born 1966)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021 |title=Dipak Kumar Halder (Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)):Constituency- Diamond Harbour (South 24 Parganas) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://www.myneta.info/WestBengal2021/candidate.php?candidate_id=548 |access-date=2025-04-30 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref> is an Indian politician from [[West Bengal]]. He is a former member of the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]] from [[Diamond Harbour Assembly constituency]] in [[South 24 Parganas district]]. He won the [[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]] representing the [[All India Trinamool Congress]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-30 |title=West Bengal Assembly election 2021, Diamond Harbour profile: TMC's Dipak Kumar Halder has held party's bastion since 2011 |url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/west-bengal-assembly-election-2021-diamond-harbour-profile-tmcs-dipak-kumar-halder-retains-partys-bastion-since-2011-9376441.html |access-date=2025-04-30 |website=Firstpost |language=en-us}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Halder is from [[Diamond Harbour]], South 24 Parganas district, West Bengal. He is the son of late Amal Kumar Halder. He worked as an insurance agent for LIC. He completed his BCom in 1985 at a college affiliated with [[Calcutta University]].<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Halder first became an MLA winning the [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]] from the Diamond Harbour Assembly constituency representing the All India Trinamool Congress. He polled 87,645 votes and defeated his nearest rival, Subhra Sau of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]], by a margin of 20,774 votes.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Diamond Harbour Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency |url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/diamondharbour-west-bengal-assembly-constituency |access-date=2025-04-30 |website=resultuniversity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=West Bengal Election: Diamond Harbour Assembly Constituency 2021 |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly-election/diamond-harbour-51962715 |access-date=30 April 2025 |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> He retained the seat for the Trinamool Congress winning the 2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election where he defeated the Communist Party of India (Marxist) candidate Abdul Hasnat, by a margin of 15,037 votes.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-02 |title=Diamond Harbour Election Result 2021 LIVE: How to check Diamond Harbour assembly (Vidhan Sabha) election winners, losers, vote margin, news updates - CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/politics/diamond-harbour-election-result-2021-live-how-to-check-diamond-harbour-assembly-vidhan-sabha-election-winners-losers-vote-margin-news-updates-9132281.htm |access-date=2025-04-30 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}</ref> He polled 96,833 votes. In February 2021, he shifted to the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Shiv Sahay |date=2021-02-02 |title=Diamond Harbour TMC MLA joins BJP |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/diamond-harbour-tmc-mla-joins-bjp/article33730500.ece |access-date=2025-04-30 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He managed to get the nomination for the Diamond Harbour seat from BJP but lost the [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]] to Trinamool Congress candidate, [[Pannalal Halder]] by a margin of 16,996 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamond-harbour Election Results 2021 LIVE, Vote Counting, Leading, Trailing , Winners West bengal Diamond-harbour Constituency Election News LIVE |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/west-bengal-election-results-2021/wb-diamond-harbour-constituency-143.html |access-date=2025-04-30 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en|date=2021}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Halder, Dipak Kumar}}
[[Category:1966 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Trinamool Congress politicians from West Bengal]]
[[Category:People from South 24 Parganas district]]
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 2011–2016]]
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 2016–2021]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from West Bengal]]

Minerva Academy FC

2026-04-28T21:09:41Z

Silentbram: made the post first draft

{{Short description|Multi-sports club in Punjab, India}}
{{For the|[[Indian Super League]] club|Punjab FC}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2014}}
{{Infobox football club
| clubname = Minerva Academy
| image = Minerva Academy FC.svg
| upright = 1.2
| fullname = Minerva Academy Football and Cricket Club
| founded = {{start date and age|2005}} {{small|(as ''Minerva Academy'')}}
| nickname = {{ubl|The Warriors|The Factory}}
| ground = Minerva Academy Ground
| owntitle = Owner
| owner = Ranjit Bajaj
| mgrtitle = Head coach
| manager =
| league = {{ubl|Punjab Youth Football League|[[Youth League (India)|Indian Youth League]]}}
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}}

'''Minerva Academy Football Club''' (often referred to as '''Minerva Punjab''') is an Indian professional [[association football|football]] club based in [[Mohali]]/[[Chandigarh]], [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]]. It is part of the [[multi-sports club]] which also has [[cricket]] and [[futsal]] teams.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.india.com/sports/mahesh-singhs-late-strike-scripts-shillong-lajongs-win-against-minerva-punjab-fc-3543008/|date=25 January 2019|title=Mahesh Singh's Late Strike Scripts Shillong Lajong's Win Against Minerva Punjab FC|access-date=18 September 2023|archive-date=12 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812035511/https://www.india.com/sports/mahesh-singhs-late-strike-scripts-shillong-lajongs-win-against-minerva-punjab-fc-3543008/amp/|website=india.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|first=Neeladri|last=Bhattacharjee|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/gothia-cup-2023-minerva-academy-winner-pirlo-alan-shearer-zlatan-ibrahimovich-indian-football-future/article67136414.ece|title=Minerva Academy treading path of Pirlo, Shearer and Ibrahimovic with Gothia Cup win|date=29 July 2023|access-date=31 July 2023|location=Chennai|website=sportstar.thehindu.com|publisher=Sportstar – The Hindu News|archive-date=29 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230729200002/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/gothia-cup-2023-minerva-academy-winner-pirlo-alan-shearer-zlatan-ibrahimovich-indian-football-future/article67136414.ece}}</ref> The club's football section predominantly competed in the [[Punjab State Super Football League|Punjab State Super League]].<ref>{{cite web|title=33rd JCT Punjab State Super Football League 2019|url=http://www.indiafooty.com/33nd-jct-punjab-state-super-football-league-2019-20/|work=indiafooty.com|date=15 September 2019|access-date=5 September 2021|archive-date=31 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031121805/http://www.indiafooty.com/33nd-jct-punjab-state-super-football-league-2019-20/}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|number=1046003829039353856|user=minervapunjabfc|title=A quick look at the latest #PunjabFootballLeague table 📈 #chakdephatte|date=29 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203043137/https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1046003829039353856|archive-date=3 December 2021|access-date=3 December 2021}}</ref>

Minerva previously participated in the [[I-League]], then the highest division of the [[Indian football league system]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/01/29/india/i-league/india-minerva-fc/east-bengal-club-fc/2383759/|title=Minerva Punjab 0–5 East Bengal|date=1 February 2017|website=int.soccerway.com|publisher=Soccerway|access-date=1 February 2017|archive-date=31 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131222238/http://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/01/29/india/i-league/india-minerva-fc/east-bengal-club-fc/2383759/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|work=Goal.com|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/aizawl-vs-minerva-punjab/2383740/report|title=I-League 2017: Aizawl FC 1–0 Minerva Punjab – Supersub Ashutosh wins it at the death|date=13 January 2017|access-date=19 February 2021|archive-date=18 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918044205/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/aizawl-v-punjab-fc/eaztffi7fycx75gcoagzguhnt}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=I-League: East Bengal miss penalty, hold Minerva for a 2–2 draw|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/i-league-east-bengal-miss-penalty-hold-minerva-for-a-2-2-draw/articleshow/62711950.cms|work=timesofindia.com|access-date=12 March 2018|archive-date=14 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814074735/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/i-league-east-bengal-miss-penalty-hold-minerva-for-a-2-2-draw/articleshow/62711950.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/indian-football-transfers-minerva-punjab-fc-complete-double-deal-rope-in-brazilian-winger-and-nigerian-striker|title=Indian football transfers: Minerva Punjab FC rope in Sergio Barboza Jr and Orok Essien in a double deal|website=Sportskeeda.com|date=10 August 2019|first=Sounak|last=Mullick|access-date=20 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013102115/https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/indian-football-transfers-minerva-punjab-fc-complete-double-deal-rope-in-brazilian-winger-and-nigerian-striker|archive-date=13 October 2019}}</ref> After selling Punjab FC to [[RoundGlass Foundation|Roundglass Sports]], owner Ranjit Bajaj bought stakes in [[Delhi FC]]. However, Minerva Academy remained active since its inception.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-06 |title=Minerva Academy FC enters into a historic partnership with Delhi FC! |url=https://www.arunfoot.com/minerva-academy-fc-enters-into-a-historic-partnership-with-delhi-fc/ |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=Arunava about Football |language=en-GB |archive-date=28 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028072707/http://www.arunfoot.com/minerva-academy-fc-enters-into-a-historic-partnership-with-delhi-fc/ }}</ref><ref name="TM">{{cite web|url=https://www.tamilmurasu.com.sg/tabla/sports/story20200424-43003|title=His goal: India in football World Cup!|website=tamilmurasu.com.sg|publisher=SPH Digital News|agency=Indo-Asian News Service|date=24 April 2020|access-date=19 February 2021|archive-date=29 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529050003/https://www.tamilmurasu.com.sg/tabla/sports/story20200424-43003}}</ref>

After being promoted into the I-League in 2016,<ref>{{cite news|first=Khelchandra|last=Bharat|title=Durand Cup 2016: Minerva Academy FC Gets Direct Entry Along With 7 Other Clubs|url=http://www.indianfootballnetwork.com/blog/2016/07/06/durand-cup-2016-minerva-academy-fc-gets-direct-entry-along-7-clubs/|access-date=4 August 2016|website=indianfootballnetwork.com|publisher=Indian Football Network|date=6 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160712010945/http://www.indianfootballnetwork.com/blog/2016/07/06/durand-cup-2016-minerva-academy-fc-gets-direct-entry-along-7-clubs/|archive-date=12 July 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> the academy based club was rebranded as ''Minerva Punjab FC'', and in 2019 the football section was relabeled as ''Punjab FC''. The club has won the I-League title once, in [[2017–18 I-League|2017–18]]. Widely known as "the factory" of Indian football, Minerva is one of the most successful sports academies in the country.<ref>{{cite news|first=Swapnaneel|last=Parasar|title=Minerva Punjab win U-13 Youth League title|url=https://www.sportingnews.com/us/india/news/u13-youth-i-league-minerva-punjab-india/1p5eeni75eb881gia9ex2kncp1|access-date=26 August 2022|website=sportingnews.com|publisher=The Sporting News India|date=5 August 2018|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20230522160517/https://www.sportingnews.com/us/india/news/u13-youth-i-league-minerva-punjab-india/1p5eeni75eb881gia9ex2kncp1|archive-date=22 May 2023|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://halfwayfootball.com/minerva-academy-new-residential-program-at-bengaluru-sai-facility/|title=Minerva Academy Revolutionizes Indian Football with New Residential Program at Bengaluru SAI Facility|date=17 June 2023|access-date=17 June 2023|first=Anson|last=Jaison|website=halfwayfootball.com|publisher=Halfway Football India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617104035/https://halfwayfootball.com/minerva-academy-new-residential-program-at-bengaluru-sai-facility/|archive-date=17 June 2023}}</ref>

==History and overview==
===2005–2020===
The club was established in 2005 as Minerva Academy.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nisanth V Easwar|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/lists/i-league-how-newly-promoted-teams-have-performed/ma7hveltk8i91ieo2d5oos8jg|title=I-League: How newly-promoted teams have performed|website=goal.com|publisher=Goal|date=10 September 2020|access-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926143637/https://www.goal.com/en-in/lists/i-league-how-newly-promoted-teams-have-performed/ma7hveltk8i91ieo2d5oos8jg|archive-date=26 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Hans|last=Schöggl|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/indiafound.html|title=India — List of Foundation Dates|website=[[RSSSF]]|access-date=17 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023194819/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesi/indiafound.html|archive-date=23 October 2021}}</ref><ref>[https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/te128232/punjab-fc/ Minerva Punjab football club profile and seasons]. [https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/te128232/punjab-fc/]. ''worldfootball.net''. Retrieved 23 March 2021.</ref> It was founded as a purpose of reviving the glory of the Minerva Club, a football team of Minerva Public School in [[Mohali]], that emerged as one of the most formidable in the state of [[Punjab]].<ref name="Need to Know">{{Cite web|date=22 November 2016|first=Rony|last=Rakshit|title=Minerva Academy FC: All You Need To Know|url=https://khelnow.com/football/minerva-academy-fc-all-you-need-to-know|access-date=10 May 2021|website=khelnow.com|publisher=Khel Now|archive-date=10 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510124922/https://khelnow.com/football/minerva-academy-fc-all-you-need-to-know}}</ref> Until 2013, it was operated as an amateur [[minifootball|six-a-side]] team for local players, alongside appearing in age-grouped tournaments.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://minervaacademyfc.com/about-us/|title=ABOUT US: Minerva Academy Football Club — Committed to developing football culture|website=minervaacademyfc.com|access-date=26 September 2022|archive-date=1 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901073839/https://minervaacademyfc.com/about-us/}}</ref>

[[File:Kareem&sehijpal.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Kareem Omolaja]] and Sehijpal Singh in training with Minerva Punjab in 2016.]]

Minerva initially fielded players in various regional competitions in Punjab and beyond, while club's first major tournament at the national level was the [[I-League 2|I-League 2nd Division]] in 2015–16.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Abhishek|last=Shukla|url=https://www.indiafooty.com/2016/04/29/i-league-2nd-division-minerva-beat-gangtok-himalayan-to-keeps-pressure-on-dempo/|title=I-LEAGUE 2ND DIVISION: MINERVA BEAT GANGTOK HIMALAYAN TO KEEPS PRESSURE ON DEMPO|website=indianfooty.com|publisher=India Footy|access-date=1 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217105224/https://www.indiafooty.com/2016/04/29/i-league-2nd-division-minerva-beat-gangtok-himalayan-to-keeps-pressure-on-dempo/|archive-date=17 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Minerva Academy Football Club announce 37-member squad|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/chandigarh/sports/minerva-academy-football-club-announce-37-member-squad/159231.html|access-date=16 April 2018|work=Tribune India|date=17 November 2015|archive-date=10 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410134914/http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/chandigarh/sports/minerva-academy-football-club-announce-37-member-squad/159231.html}}</ref> On 22 November 2015, the club began league journey with a 2–0 win against [[Mumbai Kenkre FC|Kenkre]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/minerva-begin-campaign-on-winning-note-161809|date=22 November 2015|title=Minerva begin campaign on winning note|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=The Tribune India|agency=Tribune News Service|location=Chandigarh|access-date=5 October 2023|archive-date=25 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225101516/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/minerva-begin-campaign-on-winning-note-161809}}</ref> Goalkeeper [[Arshdeep Singh (footballer, born 1997)|Arshdeep Singh]] maintained cleen-sheets as Minerva thrashed [[PIFA Sports FC|PIFA]] 3–0 on 11 December.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiafooty.com/2015/12/12/2nd-division-league-minerva-afc-thrash-pifa-sports-3-0-maintain-winning-run/|date=12 December 2015|title=2nd Division League: Minerva AFC thrash PIFA Sports 3–0; maintain winning run|access-date=10 October 2023|archive-date=17 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017142441/https://www.indiafooty.com/2015/12/12/2nd-division-league-minerva-afc-thrash-pifa-sports-3-0-maintain-winning-run/}}</ref> They reached [[2015–16 I-League 2nd Division final round|final round]] of the tournament and maintained good form, but ended campaign earning second place after a 3–1 defeat to [[Dempo SC|Dempo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/dempo-return-to-i-league-with-3-1-win-against-minerva|date=29 May 2016|title=Dempo return to I-League with 3–1 win against Minerva|agency=IANS|location=Margao|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=[[Sportskeeda]]|access-date=5 October 2023|archive-date=7 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007064208/https://www.sportskeeda.com/amp/indian-football/dempo-return-to-i-league-with-3-1-win-against-minerva}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Minerva AFC Continue Their Domination In Second Division League|url=http://i-league.org/2nd-division-league/minerva-afc-continue-their-domination-in-second-division-league/|access-date=8 January 2017|work=I-League|date=11 December 2015|archive-date=2 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702061127/http://i-league.org/2nd-division-league/minerva-afc-continue-their-domination-in-second-division-league/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://i-league.org/second-division-league/results-fixtures-2nd-division/|title=Results, Fixtures &Table: 2nd Division I-League|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190318210756/http://i-league.org/second-division-league/results-fixtures-2nd-division/|archive-date=18 March 2019|website=i-league.org|publisher=I-League|access-date=23 March 2021}}</ref> They were promoted to the [[I-League]] after an impressive stint at the [[I-League 2|2nd Division]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Anselm|last=Noronha|website=Goal.com|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2016/12/11/30379992/chennai-city-minerva-punjab-in-i-league|title=I-League Update: Chennai City FC and Minerva Punjab FC to play in the coming season|date=11 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113163430/http://m.goal.com/s/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2016/12/11/30379992/i-league-update-chennai-city-fc-and-minerva-punjab-fc-to-play-in-|access-date=11 March 2017|archive-date=13 January 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=DSK Shivajians 4–4 Minerva Punjab|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/04/30/india/i-league/dsk-shivajians/india-minerva-fc/2442844/|website=Soccerway|archive-date=15 May 2017|access-date=29 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515055841/https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/04/30/india/i-league/dsk-shivajians/india-minerva-fc/2442844/}}</ref> Minerva later took part in [[2016 Durand Cup]], getting the direct entry.<ref>{{cite news|title=Durand Cup 2016: Minerva Academy FC Gets Direct Entry Along With 7 Other Clubs|url=http://www.indianfootballnetwork.com/blog/2016/07/06/durand-cup-2016-minerva-academy-fc-gets-direct-entry-along-7-clubs/|access-date=4 August 2016|work=Indian Football Network|date=6 July 2016|archive-date=21 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221100428/http://www.indianfootballnetwork.com/blog/2016/07/06/durand-cup-2016-minerva-academy-fc-gets-direct-entry-along-7-clubs/}}</ref> They earned only point from a 2–2 tie with [[Army Green]] in the last group stage fixture, hence couldn't qualify for the semi-finals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Gangtok Himalayan makes a flying start|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-sports/Gangtok-Himalayan-makes-a-flying-start/article14599550.ece|access-date=30 January 2017|location=New Delhi|work=The Hindu|date=31 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109062855/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/Gangtok-Himalayan-makes-a-flying-start/article14598252.ece|archive-date=9 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/football/indian-navy-thrashed-minerva-academy-fc-in-the-durand-cup-clash|date=1 September 2016|title=Indian Navy thrashed Minerva Academy FC in the Durand Cup clash|access-date=12 October 2023|archive-date=17 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017153953/https://khelnow.com/football/indian-navy-thrashed-minerva-academy-fc-in-the-durand-cup-clash}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiafooty.com/2016/09/03/durand-cup-minerva-academy-hold-army-green-2-2/|date=3 September 2016|title=Durand Cup: Minerva Academy hold Army Green 2–2|access-date=12 October 2023|archive-date=17 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017142442/https://www.indiafooty.com/2016/09/03/durand-cup-minerva-academy-hold-army-green-2-2/}}</ref> Minerva along with [[Chennai City FC|Chennai City]] was promoted to the I-League, after the withdrawal of Dempo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://xtratime.in/dempo-sc-confirms-withdrawal-from-i-league/|date=7 December 2016|title=Dempo SC confirms withdrawal from I-League|access-date=12 October 2023|archive-date=17 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017142441/https://xtratime.in/dempo-sc-confirms-withdrawal-from-i-league/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.goal.com/s/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2016/12/11/30379992/i-league-update-chennai-city-fc-and-minerva-punjab-fc-to-play-in-|date=11 December 2016|title=I-LEAGUE UPDATE: CHENNAI CITY FC AND MINERVA PUNJAB FC TO PLAY IN THE UPCOMING SEASON|website=Goal.com|access-date=12 October 2023|archive-date=13 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113163430/http://m.goal.com/s/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2016/12/11/30379992/i-league-update-chennai-city-fc-and-minerva-punjab-fc-to-play-in-}}</ref> The club ended its [[2016–17 I-League|2016–17 I-League season]] at the second last position. In December 2016, Minerva roped in Colm Joseph Toal as technical director.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.babushahi.com/full-news.php?id=53358&headline=Colm-Toal-signs-up-as-Technical-Director-of-Minerva-Punjab-FC|title=Colm Toal signs up as Technical Director of Minerva Punjab FC|first1=Balbir|last1=Singh|website=babushahi.com|date=24 December 2016|access-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224072812/https://www.babushahi.com/full-news.php?id=53358&headline=Colm-Toal-signs-up-as-Technical-Director-of-Minerva-Punjab-FC|archive-date=24 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/sports/minerva-roping-in-colm-toal-good-news-for-indian-football-bagan-coach|title=Minerva roping in Colm Toal good news for Indian football: Bagan coach|first1=Balbir|last1=Singh|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=[[Sportskeeda]]|location=Kolkata|agency=IANS|date=26 December 2016|access-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224075349/https://www.sportskeeda.com/sports/minerva-roping-in-colm-toal-good-news-for-indian-football-bagan-coach|archive-date=24 February 2024}}</ref> In October 2017, [[Hindi cinema|Bollywood]] actor [[Rannvijay Singha]] was unveiled as co-owner of the club.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/i-league-2017-18-bollywood-star-becomes-the-co-owner-of-minerva-punjab-fc|title=Bollywood star becomes co-owner of Indian top-flight club Minerva Punjab FC|date=3 October 2015|access-date=26 December 2023|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=[[Sportskeeda]]|first1=Sunderam|last1=Saxena|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112181835/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/i-league-2017-18-bollywood-star-becomes-the-co-owner-of-minerva-punjab-fc|archive-date=12 January 2024}}</ref>

[[File:baoringdao_bodo.JPG|thumb|150px|[[Baoringdao Bodo]] in Minerva's away kit in 2017.]]

Next season, surprising everyone, Minerva clinched the [[2017–18 I-League|I-League]] title.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://iftwc.com/neroca-set-to-appoint-gift-raikhan-as-head-coach-for-upcoming-i-league-season/ |title=NEROCA set to appoint Gift Raikhan as head coach for upcoming I League season |date=4 July 2019 |first=Shreyash |last=Ingale |website=iftwc.com |publisher=Indian Football Team for World Cup |access-date=28 December 2022 |archive-date=24 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924060242/https://iftwc.com/neroca-set-to-appoint-gift-raikhan-as-head-coach-for-upcoming-i-league-season/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/i-league-2017-18-minerva-punjab-fc-clinch-maiden-title-courtesy-william-opokus-goal-on-thrilling-last-day-of-season-4382363.html|work=The First Post|date=8 March 2018|title=I-League 2017–18: Minerva Punjab FC clinch maiden title courtesy William Opoku's goal on thrilling last day of season|access-date=12 October 2023|archive-date=17 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017142440/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/i-league-2017-18-minerva-punjab-fc-clinch-maiden-title-courtesy-william-opokus-goal-on-thrilling-last-day-of-season-4382363.html}}</ref> It was their first ever top division title.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/sports/i-league-2017-18-minerva-punjab-presented-with-winners-trophy-nerocas-gift-raikhan-named-seasons-best-coach-4401551.html|title=I-League 2017–18: Minerva Punjab presented with winners' trophy; NEROCA's Gift Raikhan named season's best coach|date=22 March 2018|access-date=23 March 2018|archive-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323220106/http://www.firstpost.com/sports/i-league-2017-18-minerva-punjab-presented-with-winners-trophy-nerocas-gift-raikhan-named-seasons-best-coach-4401551.html|agency=Press Trust of India|location=Chandigarh|website=firstpost.com|publisher=The FirstPost News}}</ref> They became the first club from [[North India]] to win the league since 1996. The title made the team qualify for their first-ever continental tournament.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Sportstar]]|title=I-League 2018: Minerva Punjab signs Colombian defender Caicedo|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/ileague-2018-minerva-punjab-fc-jorge-ivan-caicedo-rodriguez-el-kaiser-madivian-premier-league/article25604460.ece|website=sportsstar.thehindu.com|date=27 November 2018|access-date=12 July 2019|archive-date=12 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190712152334/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/ileague-2018-minerva-punjab-fc-jorge-ivan-caicedo-rodriguez-el-kaiser-madivian-premier-league/article25604460.ece}}</ref> Minerva appeared in the [[2019 AFC Cup group stage#Group E|group stage]] of the [[2019 AFC Cup]], alongside [[Chennaiyin F.C.|Chennaiyin]], starting from the [[2019 AFC Champions League qualifying play-offs#West 2.3|preliminary round 2]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.talksports24x7.com/2019/02/09/know-which-foreign-players-minerva-punjab-have-registered-for-the-afc-competition/|title=Know Which Foreign Players Minerva Punjab Have Registered For The AFC Competition|website=talksports24x7.com|date=9 February 2019|access-date=12 March 2021|archive-date=20 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120183933/https://www.talksports24x7.com/2019/02/09/know-which-foreign-players-minerva-punjab-have-registered-for-the-afc-competition/|url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Chennai's Pasha wary of Abahani|url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/72365/article/35972|access-date=10 December 2023|website=newagebd.net|publisher=New Age Bangladesh|language=en|date=14 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210124611/https://www.newagebd.net/article/72365/article/35972|archive-date=10 December 2023|location=Dhaka}}</ref> However, they lost to Iranian club [[Saipa F.C.|Saipa]] in the qualifying play-offs of the [[2019 AFC Champions League]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-sg/match/saipa-v-punjab-fc/report/4p32dgpsfkfkndqwsmw33a7ai|title=AFC Champions League 2019 qualifier: SAIPA FC thrash Minerva Punjab 4–0|website=Goal.com|access-date=23 March 2021|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709193217/https://www.goal.com/en-sg/match/saipa-v-punjab-fc/report/4p32dgpsfkfkndqwsmw33a7ai}}</ref> On 3 April 2019, Minerva kicked-off their group stage campaign against Chennaiyin, which ended in a 0–0 stalemate.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/press-releases/chennaiyin-minerva-play-out-goalless-draw-in-afc-cup-2019-group-stage-opener|work=indiansuperleague.com|date=4 April 2019|title=CHENNAIYIN, MINERVA PLAY OUT GOALLESS DRAW IN AFC CUP 2019 GROUP STAGE OPENER|access-date=14 October 2023|archive-date=17 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017142441/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/press-releases/chennaiyin-minerva-play-out-goalless-draw-in-afc-cup-2019-group-stage-opener}}</ref> On 17 April, the club held [[Abahani Limited Dhaka]] of Bangladesh by 2–2 at [[Bangabandhu National Stadium]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/minerva-held-by-abahani-dhaka/article26867389.ece|title=Minerva held by Abahani Dhaka|website=thehindu.com|publisher=The Hindu|access-date=26 December 2022|location=Dhaka|date=17 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225112337/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/minerva-held-by-abahani-dhaka/article26867389.ece|archive-date=25 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/football/minerva-punjab-held-by-abahani-dhaka-2-2-in-afc-cup-match/story-9QN4sKV1ERqWpQF5ufTyXK.html|title=Minerva Punjab held by Abahani Dhaka 2–2 in AFC Cup match|website=hindustantimes.com|publisher=The Hindustan Times|access-date=26 December 2022|location=Dhaka|agency=Press Trust of India|date=17 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203192142/https://www.hindustantimes.com/football/minerva-punjab-held-by-abahani-dhaka-2-2-in-afc-cup-match/story-9QN4sKV1ERqWpQF5ufTyXK.html|archive-date=3 December 2021}}</ref> They maintained undefeated form, drew both home and away games with Nepali side [[Manang Marshyangdi Club|Manang Marshyangdi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-afc.com/en/club/afc_cup/news/group_e_minerva_punjab_2-2_manang_marshyangdi_club.html|date=2 May 2019|title=Group E: Minerva Punjab 2-2 Manang Marshyangdi Club|work=the-afc.com|publisher=[[Asian Football Confederation]]|access-date=17 October 2023|archive-date=22 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122045906/https://www.the-afc.com/en/club/afc_cup/news/group_e_minerva_punjab_2-2_manang_marshyangdi_club.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://kathmandupost.com/football/2019/05/16/manang-minerva-punjab-settle-for-a-draw-in-afc-cup|date=16 May 2019|work=The Kathmandu Post|title=Manang, Minerva Punjab settle for a draw in AFC Cup|access-date=17 October 2023|archive-date=22 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122045904/https://kathmandupost.com/football/2019/05/16/manang-minerva-punjab-settle-for-a-draw-in-afc-cup}}</ref> They drew another game with Chennaiyin, this time 1–1 in [[Guwahati]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/afc-cup-minerva-dents-chennaiyin-fc-s-knockout-hopes/article28077682.ece/|date=19 June 2019|title=AFC Cup: Minerva dents Chennaiyin FC's knockout hopes|work=The Hindu|access-date=17 October 2023|archive-date=22 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122045904/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/afc-cup-minerva-dents-chennaiyin-fc-s-knockout-hopes/article28077682.ece/amp/}}</ref> In the last group stage fixture, the club lost 0–1 to Abahani.<ref>{{Cite web|author1=Mukherjee, Soham |author2=Easwar, Nisanth V|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/india-clubs-in-afc-champions-league-afc-cup/3dj1qowtkdxc1pzji71c49vnz|title=How have Indian clubs fared in AFC Champions League and AFC Cup?|date=1 April 2020|access-date=23 March 2021|website=goal.com|publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]|archive-date=15 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415045019/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/india-clubs-in-afc-champions-league-afc-cup/3dj1qowtkdxc1pzji71c49vnz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.arunfoot.com/abahani-limited-dhaka-score-late-winner-at-minerva-punjab-fc/|date=26 June 2019|title=Abahani Limited Dhaka score late winner at Minerva Punjab FC!|access-date=19 October 2023|archive-date=22 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122045909/https://www.arunfoot.com/abahani-limited-dhaka-score-late-winner-at-minerva-punjab-fc/amp/}}</ref> Minerva was also placed in the round of 16 of the [[2018 Indian Super Cup]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Saharoy|first1=Shilarze|title=Chennaiyin to face Aizawl in Super Cup on March 31|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/chennaiyin-to-face-aizawl-in-super-cup-on-march-31/articleshow/63273453.cms|access-date=12 March 2018|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=12 March 2018|archive-date=18 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618022509/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/chennaiyin-to-face-aizawl-in-super-cup-on-march-31/articleshow/63273453.cms}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Inaugural Super Cup's final round from Mar 31-Apr 22: AIFF|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/inaugural-super-cups-final-round-from-mar-31-apr-22-aiff/articleshow/62985550.cms|access-date=19 February 2018|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=19 February 2018|archive-date=20 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220143616/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/inaugural-super-cups-final-round-from-mar-31-apr-22-aiff/articleshow/62985550.cms}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Hussain|first1=Sabi|title=Super Cup set to be a 16-team affair|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/super-cup-set-to-be-a-16-team-affair/articleshow/62629294.cms|access-date=12 March 2018|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=24 January 2018|archive-date=9 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809123335/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/super-cup-set-to-be-a-16-team-affair/articleshow/62629294.cms}}</ref> in which they lost to [[Jamshedpur FC|Jamshedpur]] by 4–5.<ref>{{cite news|title=Jamshedpur FC knock out I-League winners Minerva Punjab after Sanjiban Ghosh heroics|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/2018/apr/02/jamshedpur-fc-knock-out-i-league-winners-minerva-punjab-after-sanjiban-ghosh-heroics-1796106.html|access-date=12 May 2018|work=New Indian Express|date=2 April 2018|agency=PTI|location=Bhubaneswar|archive-date=13 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180513081139/https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/2018/apr/02/jamshedpur-fc-knock-out-i-league-winners-minerva-punjab-after-sanjiban-ghosh-heroics-1796106.html}}</ref>

[[File:DPMM-Kasuka 4 December 2022 (Officials) 12.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Paul Munster]] guided Minerva in 2018–19 season as both technical director and [[head coach]].]]

In July 2018, Minerva roped in noted Indian manager [[Sukhwinder Singh (football manager)|Sukhwinder Singh]] as technical director.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/minerva-punjab-fc-rope-in-sukhwinder-as-technical-director/articleshow/65028498.cms|title=Minerva Punjab FC rope in Sukhwinder as technical director|date=17 July 2018|access-date=26 September 2023|location=Chandigarh|website=[[The Times of India]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718015832/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/minerva-punjab-fc-rope-in-sukhwinder-as-technical-director/articleshow/65028498.cms|archive-date=18 July 2018|first=Pratyush|last=Raj|url-status=live|agency=TNN}}</ref> On 8 August 2018, Northern Irish manager [[Paul Munster]] was appointed by the club.<ref>{{Cite web | title = Paul Munster joins Indian champions | first = Steven | last = Crawford | website=newsletter.co.uk |publisher= The News Letter | date = 8 August 2018 | access-date = 17 August 2018 | url = https://www.newsletter.co.uk/sport/football/paul-munster-joins-indian-champions-1-8595180 | archive-date = 17 August 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180817161259/https://www.newsletter.co.uk/sport/football/paul-munster-joins-indian-champions-1-8595180}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fnx.network/interview-with-paul-munster/|title=Interview with Paul Munster|website=FNX.Network|date=6 December 2018|publisher=Shoot The Defence|language=en-AU|access-date=2018-12-07|archive-date=7 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207163123/https://fnx.network/interview-with-paul-munster/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://minervapunjabfc.com/team/minerva-punjab-fc/|title=Minerva Punjab FC|website=Apollo Minerva Punjab FC|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-07|archive-date=6 June 2019|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606115335/https://minervapunjabfc.com/team/minerva-punjab-fc/}}</ref> The club won the Punjab State Super League for the first time after becoming undefeated in 11 games, and later went on to win the J&K Invitational Cup, jointly with [[Real Kashmir FC|Real Kashmir]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/minerva-warm-up-for-i-league-campaign-with-a-3-0-win-671741|title=Minerva warm up for I-League campaign with a 3–0 win|date=22 October 2018|access-date=27 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619083653/https://m.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/minerva-warm-up-for-i-league-campaign-with-a-3-0-win-671741|archive-date=19 June 2024|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=The Tribune|location=Chandigarh}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://theawayend.co/2018/10/25/jk-invitational-cup-2018-real-kashmir-fc-and-minerva-punjab-fc-declared-joint-winners/|title=J&K Invitational Cup-2018: Real Kashmir FC and Minerva Punjab FC declared joint winners|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714122945/https://theawayend.co/2018/10/25/jk-invitational-cup-2018-real-kashmir-fc-and-minerva-punjab-fc-declared-joint-winners/|author=Nehal|date=25 October 2018|archive-date=14 July 2020|website=theawayend.co|publisher=The Away End India|access-date=26 February 2022}}</ref> In February 2019, Minerva signed a strategic partnership with [[Bundesliga]] club [[Borussia Mönchengladbach]], aiming football development at grassroots level.<ref name="MoU">{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/minerva-punjab-borussia-monchengladbach-partnership-mou-bundesliga-i-league/article26163018.ece|title=Minerva Punjab signs MoU with Bundesliga club Borussia Monchengladbach|location=Delhi|date=2 February 2019|access-date=26 November 2022|website=sportstar.thehindu.com|publisher=[[Sportstar]]|first=Hanu|last=Trivedi|archive-date=29 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729053159/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/minerva-punjab-borussia-monchengladbach-partnership-mou-bundesliga-i-league/article26163018.ece}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://heartof.football/2020/03/10/project-2034-how-an-indian-club-is-undertaking-the-most-ambitious-youth-football-project-in-the-world/comment-page-1/|title=Project 2034: How an Indian club is undertaking the most ambitious youth football project in the world|date=10 March 2020|access-date=26 November 2022|website=heartof.football|publisher=Heart of Football|first=Hanu|last=Trivedi|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719110518/https://heartof.football/2020/03/10/project-2034-how-an-indian-club-is-undertaking-the-most-ambitious-youth-football-project-in-the-world/comment-page-1/#comments}}</ref> On 8 February 2019, Minerva announced Munster's departure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scroll.in/field/912587/i-league-paul-munster-resigns-as-head-coach-of-minerva-punjab-citing-personal-reasons|title=I-League: Paul Munster resigns as head coach of Minerva Punjab citing 'personal reasons'|date=8 February 2019|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-03|archive-date=3 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303185355/https://scroll.in/field/912587/i-league-paul-munster-resigns-as-head-coach-of-minerva-punjab-citing-personal-reasons}}</ref> In the [[2018–19 I-League]], the club managed to win four of their twenty fixtures and finished ninth in the league table. They were placed in the [[2019 Indian Super Cup]] qualifying round, but refused to play protesting against uncertainty of the I-League clubs' future in [[Football in India|Indian football]]. Thereafter, they were also not invited to play the [[2019 Durand Cup]]. On 30 October 2019, announcement was made that after a partnership agreement with RoundGlass Sports Private Ltd., the club has been renamed as ''Punjab Football Club''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Minerva Punjab renamed as Punjab Football Club |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/minerva-punjab-renamed-punjab-football-club-pfc-ranjit-bajaj-indian-football-i-league-round-glass-sports/article29833601.ece |access-date=31 October 2019 |work=Sportstar |publisher=The Hindu |date=30 October 2019 |archive-date=31 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031050409/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/minerva-punjab-renamed-punjab-football-club-pfc-ranjit-bajaj-indian-football-i-league-round-glass-sports/article29833601.ece }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=I-League Club Minerva Punjab FC Renamed as Punjab Football Club |url=https://www.news18.com/news/football/i-league-club-minerva-punjab-fc-renamed-as-punjab-football-club-2367923.html |access-date=31 October 2019 |agency=PTI |website=News18 |date=30 October 2019 |archive-date=31 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031050408/https://www.news18.com/news/football/i-league-club-minerva-punjab-fc-renamed-as-punjab-football-club-2367923.html }}</ref> From mid-2019 until May 2020, the club was coached by [[Yan Law]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/other/2019/nov/07/by-the-touchline-yan-and-the-laws-of-a-young-football-coach-2058287.html|title=By the touchline: Yan and the Laws of a young football coach|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191108134204/https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/other/2019/nov/07/by-the-touchline-yan-and-the-laws-of-a-young-football-coach-2058287.html|archive-date=8 November 2019|first1=Ayantan|last1=Chowdhury|agency=ENS|website=newindianexpress.com|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=7 November 2019|access-date=5 December 2023|location=Chandigarh}}</ref> After losing the I-League spot, Minerva started playing football again in Punjab football league system with its youth age groups.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-27 |title=Punjab Football League: Minerva Academy drub Dalbir Football Academy 2–0 |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/punjab-football-league-minerva-academy-drub-dalbir-football-academy-20-101666810655848.html |access-date=2023-05-21 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=7 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221107050952/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/punjab-football-league-minerva-academy-drub-dalbir-football-academy-20-101666810655848.html }}</ref> It is the only [[Indian club]] to win all age group national titles in the same year, 2017–18, winning U13, U15, U18 and the senior I-League.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Scroll Staff |title=I-League finale, as it happened: Minerva Punjab FC clinch historic title, NEROCA FC finish second |url=https://scroll.in/field/871271/i-league-final-day-live-four-teams-in-contention-for-the-crown-in-grand-football-finale |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US |archive-date=18 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618055306/https://scroll.in/field/871271/i-league-final-day-live-four-teams-in-contention-for-the-crown-in-grand-football-finale }}</ref>

===2020–present===
{{Cquote|''This year we have changed the name of the club from Minerva Punjab FC to Punjab FC. I have sold Punjab FC and not Minerva FC. We are now registered with Punjab Football Association as Minerva Academy Football Club again.''|source=Ranjit Bajaj, owner of Minerva, on club's rebranding in 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/2020/Apr/16/i-am-not-going-anywhere-will-produce-world-cuppers-football-entrepreneur-ranjit-bajaj-2131062.html|location=New Delhi|title=I am not going anywhere, will produce World Cuppers: Football entrepreneur Ranjit Bajaj|website=newindianexpress.com|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=16 April 2020|access-date=29 July 2023|archive-date=7 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240607104404/https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/2020/Apr/16/i-am-not-going-anywhere-will-produce-world-cuppers-football-entrepreneur-ranjit-bajaj-2131062.html}}</ref>|Cquote}}
RoundGlass Sports bought 50% of Minerva Academy's share earlier; In 2020, they bought remaining 50% from owners Ranjit and Heena Bajaj to form [[Punjab FC|RoundGlass Punjab]] a year later.<ref>{{cite web|website=arunfoot.com|url=https://www.arunfoot.com/roundglass-sports-launch-their-rg-punjab-fc-new-logo/|title=RoundGlass Sports launch their RG Punjab FC new logo!|date=2 November 2020|access-date=26 September 2021|first=Arunava|last=Chaudhuri|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111041652/https://www.arunfoot.com/roundglass-sports-launch-their-rg-punjab-fc-new-logo/|archive-date=11 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/marathon/from-east-to-west-t10-sports-lets-you-achieve-on-and-off-the-field-46450|title=From East to West: T10 Sports lets you achieve on and off the field|date=22 March 2024|archive-date=19 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319125335/https://thebridge.in/marathon/from-east-to-west-t10-sports-lets-you-achieve-on-and-off-the-field-46450|work=The Bridge|access-date=10 December 2024|first1=Subhajit|last1=Mazumdar}}</ref>

In November 2020, Minerva Academy was accredited as [[Khelo India]] State Centre of Excellence (KISCE) by the [[Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports]].<ref name="Khelo India">{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/others/minerva-academy-now-a-khelo-india-state-centre-of-excellence/articleshow/79126387.cms|title=Minerva Academy now a Khelo India State Centre of Excellence|date=9 November 2020|access-date=7 December 2021|website=[[The Times of India]]|agency=IANS|location=New Delhi|archive-date=19 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119112204/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/others/minerva-academy-now-a-khelo-india-state-centre-of-excellence/articleshow/79126387.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dtnext.in/amp/story/sports/2020/11/09/minerva-academy-now-a-khelo-india-state-centre-of-excellence|title=Minerva Academy now a Khelo India State Centre of Excellence|date=9 November 2020|access-date=7 December 2021|website=dtnext.in|publisher=DT NEXT|agency=IANS|location=New Delhi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527130913/https://www.dtnext.in/amp/sports/2020/11/09/minerva-academy-now-a-khelo-india-state-centre-of-excellence/|archive-date=27 May 2023}}</ref> The same year, [[Sports Authority of India]] (SAI) signed [[Memorandum of Understanding]] with Minerva for a period of four years under the "Khelo India Talent Identification and Development Program".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/sports/minerva-academy-accredited-as-khelo-india-state-centre-of-excellence-by-sports-ministry-3057407.html|title=Minerva Academy Accredited as Khelo India State Centre of Excellence by Sports Ministry|date=8 November 2020|access-date=7 December 2021|website=News18.com|agency=IANS|location=New Delhi|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204195500/https://www.news18.com/news/sports/minerva-academy-accredited-as-khelo-india-state-centre-of-excellence-by-sports-ministry-3057407.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.navhindtimes.in/2020/11/10/sports/minerva-academy-now-a-khelo-india-state-centre-of-excellence/|title=Minerva Academy now a Khelo India State Centre of Excellence|date=10 November 2020|access-date=7 December 2021|website=navhindtimes.in|publisher=The Navahind Times|location=New Delhi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527130726/https://www.navhindtimes.in/2020/11/10/sports/minerva-academy-now-a-khelo-india-state-centre-of-excellence/|archive-date=27 May 2023}}</ref> The club became a regular participant in the Shaheed-e-Azam Sardar [[Bhagat Singh]] [[Memorial Tournament]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=फुटबॉल टूर्नामेंट:नामधारी अकादमी ने माहिलपुर को 2–1 और जेसीटी ने मिनर्वा अकादमी को 4–3 से हराया |date=3 July 2023 |language=hi |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/punjab/nawanshahr/news/namdhari-academy-beat-mahilpur-2-1-and-jct-beat-minerva-academy-4-3-130645657.html |website=bhaskar.com |publisher=Dainik Bhaskar |access-date=3 July 2023 |archive-date=3 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703144429/https://www.bhaskar.com/amp/local/punjab/nawanshahr/news/namdhari-academy-beat-mahilpur-2-1-and-jct-beat-minerva-academy-4-3-130645657.html |trans-title=Football Tournament: Namdhari Academy beat Mahilpur 2–1 and JCT beat Minerva Academy 4–3. |location=Banga City }}</ref>

==Crest and colours==
Club crest and emblem of Minerva depicting emblems of the three armed forces, the Sikh [[Khanda (Sikh symbol)|khanda]] symbol and the profile of [[Minerva]] – the Roman goddess of wisdom.<ref name="Overview – ESPN"/>
[[File:Omolajanurain.jpg|thumb|140px|Kareem Omolaja in Minerva's away kit in 2016]]
Club colours are predominantly blue, white and black.

==Stadiums==
[[File:GURU NANAK STADIUM, LUDHIANA.jpg|thumb|[[Guru Nanak Stadium]] in [[Ludhiana]], former home ground of the club.]]

The official home ground of Minerva Academy was [[Tau Devi Lal Athletic Stadium (Panchkula)|Tau Devi Lal Stadium]] of Panchkula, used in the I-League,<ref>{{cite web|author=Swapnaneel Parasar|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/minerva-punjab-v-mohun-bagan/bj5hgwjt2tlzofaz3sue3xhm2|title=I-League 2017/18: Minerva Punjab 1–1 Mohun Bagan: Late equaliser stuns Mariners in season opener|website=Goal.com|date=25 November 2017|access-date=24 November 2021|archive-date=5 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180805232944/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/minerva-punjab-v-mohun-bagan/bj5hgwjt2tlzofaz3sue3xhm2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=AIFF XI open account in I-League|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-12-08/top-stories/28261194_1_desmond-bulpin-aiff-xi-ongc|date=8 December 2010|location=Gurgaon|agency=PTI|website=[[The Times of India]]|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103080322/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-12-08/top-stories/28261194_1_desmond-bulpin-aiff-xi-ongc|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|access-date=31 August 2012}}</ref> with a [[seating capacity]] of 12,000.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiafooty.com/2019/11/15/i-league-2019-20-punjab-fc-ton-play-their-home-matches-at-ludhiana/|title=I-LEAGUE 2019/20: PUNJAB FC TO PLAY THEIR HOME MATCHES AT LUDHIANA|website=indiafooty.com|access-date=23 March 2021|archive-date=10 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810022209/http://www.indiafooty.com/2019/11/15/i-league-2019-20-punjab-fc-ton-play-their-home-matches-at-ludhiana/}}</ref> The club previously used the Guru Nanak Stadium, but only for one season.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab-fc-aims-to-score-3-points-in-match-against-gokulam-kerala-28931|title=Punjab to take on Gokulam Kerala|website=tribuneindia.com|first=Anil|last=Datt|publisher=Tribune India News Service|language=en|location=Ludhiana|date=19 January 2020|access-date=9 February 2020|archive-date=9 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709092846/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/ludhiana/punjab-to-take-on-gokulam-kerala-28931}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiafooty.com/venue/tau-devi-lal-stadium-panchkula/|title=Tau Devi Lal Stadium Archive|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030122803/http://www.indiafooty.com/venue/tau-devi-lal-stadium-panchkula/|archive-date=30 October 2018|website=indiafooty.com|access-date=31 May 2021}}</ref><ref name="The Warriors">{{cite web|title=I-League 2017: Minerva Punjab 0–0 Churchill Brothers – The Warriors notch first home point in dour draw|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/minerva-punjab-vs-churchill-brothers/2383764/report|website=Goal.com|date=1 February 2017|archive-date=25 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725082212/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/punjab-fc-v-churchill-brothers/1i8awj1rscx995g5ehdspz2ll}}</ref>

[[File:Main Stand of the Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium, Guwahati.jpg|thumb|Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium in Guwahati, served as home ground of Minerva Punjab for their AFC Cup matches.]]
During I-League Second Division, the club used Minerva Academy Ground in [[Chandigarh]] as home venue.<ref>{{cite news |title=Minerva beat Neroca to take I-League promotiton race to final day |publisher=Thif-Live.com |url=http://thif-live.com/minerva-beat-neroca-to-take-i-league-promotiton-race-to-final-day/ |date=19 May 2016 |access-date=27 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160522140857/http://thif-live.com/minerva-beat-neroca-to-take-i-league-promotiton-race-to-final-day/ |location=Chandigarh |archive-date=22 May 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> When the club entered into continental tourney AFC Cup, they used various stadiums which could fit the competitions standards. During the group stage, club played two matches at the [[Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium]] in [[Guwahati]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dtnext.in/News/Sports/2019/06/18235318/1152628/Chennaiyin-FC-takes-on-Minerva-in-crunch-AFC-Cup-group-.vpf|title=Chennaiyin takes on Minerva Punjab in crunch AFC Cup group stage match in Guwahati|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418103042/https://www.dtnext.in/News/Sports/2019/06/18235318/1152628/Chennaiyin-FC-takes-on-Minerva-in-crunch-AFC-Cup-group-.vpf|archive-date=18 April 2021|website=dtnext.in|access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref> and remaining at the [[Kalinga Stadium]] in [[Bhubaneswar]]. They previously used Sector 17 Training Ground in Chandigarh for training purposes.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Verma|first1=Jatin|title=Spanish coach for Minerva|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/spanish-coach-for-minerva/articleshow/60027300.cms|location=Chandigarh|agency=TNN|website=[[The Times of India]]|publisher=The Times of India|date=12 August 2017|access-date=26 February 2022|archive-date=31 July 2023|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731061029/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/spanish-coach-for-minerva/articleshow/60027300.cms}}</ref>

The club is currently using Minerva Academy Ground, which is located in Chandigarh.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=Delhi FC crowned Hero 2nd Division champions, earn promotion to Hero I-League |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/delhi-fc-crowned-hero-2nd-division-champions-earn-promotion-to-hero-i-league |access-date=2023-05-27 |website=the-aiff.com |publisher=All India Football Federation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527052449/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/delhi-fc-crowned-hero-2nd-division-champions-earn-promotion-to-hero-i-league |archive-date=27 May 2023 |location=New Delhi |first=AIFF |last=Media Team }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-26 |title=Delhi FC secure maiden I-League berth |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/delhi-fc-secure-maiden-i-league-berth-8631089/ |access-date=2023-05-26 |website=indianexpress.com |publisher=[[The Indian Express]] |agency=PTI |location=New Delhi |language=en |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20230527050523/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/delhi-fc-secure-maiden-i-league-berth-8631089/ |archive-date=27 May 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Kit manufacturers and shirt sponsors==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin-left:1em;float:center"
|-
!Period
!Kit manufacturer
!Shirt sponsor
|-
|2015–2017
|T10 Sports<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/marathon/from-east-to-west-t10-sports-lets-you-achieve-on-and-off-the-field-46450|title=From East to West: T10 Sports lets you achieve on and off the field|first1=Subhajot|last1=Mazumdar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319125335/https://thebridge.in/marathon/from-east-to-west-t10-sports-lets-you-achieve-on-and-off-the-field-46450|archive-date=19 March 2024|access-date=25 March 2024|date=12 March 2024|website=thebridge.in|publisher=The Bridge}}</ref>
|—
|-
|2017–2019
|Astro<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/Minerva_AFC/status/935437469746470912|title=We thank all our Sponsors and Partners who backed us for the ongoing @ILeagueOfficial season #chakdephatte #IndianFootball|last=FC|first=MINERVA PUNJAB|date=2017-11-28|website=@Minerva_AFC|language=en|access-date=2017-12-05|archive-date=15 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215122305/https://twitter.com/Minerva_AFC/status/935437469746470912}}</ref>
|rowspan="2" |[[Apollo Tyres]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Minerva|url=https://corporate.apollotyres.com/press-media/news/minerva/?subsection=Announcements|access-date=2021-10-30|website=corporate.apollotyres.com|language=en|archive-date=30 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030103015/https://corporate.apollotyres.com/press-media/news/minerva/?subsection=Announcements}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/Minerva_AFC/status/933941594285260800|title=Join us in welcoming @apollotyres as our official title sponsors for the upcoming @ILeagueOfficial season #chakdephatte|last=FC|first=MINERVA PUNJAB|date=2017-11-24|website=@Minerva_AFC|language=en|access-date=2017-11-24|archive-date=9 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109010305/https://twitter.com/Minerva_AFC/status/933941594285260800}}</ref>
|-
|2019–2020
|rowspan="2" |Spartan<ref>{{cite web|title=Spartan sports will be the official kit sponsor of Minerva Punjab FC for the upcoming season|url=https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1160198790436909057|access-date=15 July 2019|work=Minerva Punjab FC|publisher=Twitter|date=10 August 2019|archive-date=2022-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220602031322/https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc?protected_redirect=true}}</ref>
|-
|2020–present
|—
|}

==Records and statistics==
===Overall records===
{{updated|12 March 2023}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Season
! colspan=7 class="unsortable" | Division
! colspan=6 class="unsortable" | Continental
! colspan=2 class="unsortable" | Top scorer

|-
!Division
!{{tooltip|P|Games played}}
!{{tooltip|W|Games won}}
!{{tooltip|D|Games drawn}}
!{{tooltip|L|Games lost}}
!{{tooltip|GF|Goals for}}
!{{tooltip|GA|Goals against}}
!{{tooltip|P|Games played}}
!{{tooltip|W|Games won}}
!{{tooltip|D|Games drawn}}
!{{tooltip|L|Games lost}}
!{{tooltip|GF|Goals for}}
!{{tooltip|GA|Goals against}}
!{{tooltip|Player}}
!{{tooltip|Goals}}
|-
| colspan="16" |''As Minerva Punjab''
|-
|[[2015–16 I-League 2nd Division|2015–16]]
| rowspan="1" |[[I-League 2|I-League 2nd Division]]
|18
|11
|4
|3
|30
|14
| colspan="6" |''Not qualified''
|{{flagicon|NGA}} [[Kareem Omolaja|Kareem Nurain]]
|4
|-
|[[2016–17 I-League|2016–17]]
| rowspan="8" |[[I-League]]
|18
|2
|7
|9
|17
|33
| colspan="6" |''Not qualified''
|{{flagicon|NGA}} [[Kareem Omolaja|Kareem Nurain]] {{flagicon|NGA}} [[Loveday Enyinnaya]]
|3
|-
|[[2017–18 I-League|2017–18]]
|18
|11
|2
|5
|24
|16
| colspan="6" |''Not qualified''
|{{flagicon|BHU}} [[Chencho Gyeltshen]]
|7
|-
|[[2018–19 I-League|2018–19]]
|20
|4
|6
|10
|10
|19
|7
|0
|5
|2
|6
|11
|{{flagicon|NGA}} [[Philip Njoku]] {{flagicon|GHA}} [[William Opoku]] {{flagicon|CIV}} [[Lancine Touré]]
|2
|-
| colspan="16" |''As Punjab''
|-
|{{nowrap|[[2019–20 I-League|2019–20]]}}
|16
|5
|8
|3
|23
|11
| colspan="6" |''Not qualified''
|{{flagicon|CMR}} [[Aser Pierrick Dipanda]]
|12
|}

===Continental records===
{{updated|27 June 2019}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! width="250"|Competition
! width="50"|Pld
! width="50"|W
! width="50"|D
! width="50"|L
! width="50"|GF
! width="50"|GA
! width="50"|GD
|-
|[[AFC Champions League]]
|1
|0
|0
|1
|0
|4
|−4
|-
|[[AFC Cup]]
|6
|0
|5
|1
|6
|7
|−1
|-
!'''Total'''
!'''7'''
!'''0'''
!'''5'''
!'''2'''
!'''6'''
!'''11'''
!'''–5'''
|}

===Other records===
* Top goalscorer in [[I-League]], representing Minerva Punjab: {{flagicon|CMR}} [[Aser Pierrick Dipanda]] (with 12 goals).<ref>Due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the league was suspended after 14 March 2020; Only champions were awarded and remaining prize money in the league was equally divided among the remaining participating clubs and no individual prize money was also not awarded. However, [[Aser Pierrick Dipanda]] of [[Minerva Punjab FC|Minerva Punjab]] scored the highest number of goals, having scored 12 goals in 15 matches. Source: {{cite news |title=Indian I-League Scoring Stats — 2019–20 |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/stats/_/league/IND.2/indian-i-league |access-date=27 June 2020 |work=[[ESPN]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627201933/https://www.espn.com/soccer/stats/_/league/IND.2/indian-i-league|archive-date=27 June 2020}}</ref>
* Youngest goalscorer in [[AFC Cup]]: {{flagicon|IND}} [[Thoiba Singh Moirangthem]] (at 16 years and 154 days), representing Minerva Punjab: 1–1 tie vs [[Manang Marshyangdi Club|Manang Marshyangdi]]; 15 May 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.odishafc.com/players/Thoiba|title=Player profile and summary: Thoiba Singh Moirangthem|website=odishafc.com|archive-date=10 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610202222/https://www.odishafc.com/players/Thoiba|access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/indian-football-minerva-punjab-thoiba-singh-becomes-youngest-goal-scorer-afc-cup|first1=Avik|last1=Roy|title=Indian Football: Minerva Punjab's Thoiba Singh becomes youngest goal-scorer in AFC Cup history|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=[[Sportskeeda]]|archive-date=22 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222124608/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/indian-football-minerva-punjab-thoiba-singh-becomes-youngest-goal-scorer-afc-cup|date=15 May 2019|access-date=17 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/field/978671/indian-footballs-gen-next-21-under-21-players-to-watch-out-for-in-2020-21-isl|first1=Kaushal|last1=Shukla|title=Indian football's Gen Next: 21 under-21 players to watch out for in 2020–21 Indian Super League|website=Scroll.in|archive-date=20 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720012619/https://scroll.in/field/978671/indian-footballs-gen-next-21-under-21-players-to-watch-out-for-in-2020-21-isl|date=17 November 2020|access-date=17 February 2024}}</ref>
* Maximum number of points earned in the country's highest division: 35 (in [[2017–18 I-League]]).<ref>{{cite web|first1=Ritayan|last1=Basu|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/football/story/2017-18-i-league-minerva-punjab-fc-crowned-champions-1184720-2018-03-08|date=8 March 2018|title=2017–18 I-League: Minerva Punjab FC crowned champions|work=indiatoday.in|access-date=12 October 2023|archive-date=27 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627195608/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/football/story/2017-18-i-league-minerva-punjab-fc-crowned-champions-1184720-2018-03-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first1=Mihir|last1=Vasavda|url=https://www.indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/minerva-punjab-fc-the-mavericks-and-i-league-champions-5093480/lite/|work=indianexpress.com|date=11 March 2018|title=Minerva Punjab FC: The Mavericks and new I-League Champions|access-date=12 October 2023|archive-date=17 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231017143945/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/minerva-punjab-fc-the-mavericks-and-i-league-champions-5093480/lite/}}</ref>
* Highest scoring in domestic league: 5–4 (away win vs. [[Churchill Brothers FC|Churchill Brothers]] at the [[Tilak Maidan]] in Goa; 19 February 2017).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/football/minerva-punjab-defeat-churchill-brothers-5-4-in-an-exciting-away-encounter|title=Minerva Punjab defeat Churchill Brothers 5–4 in an exciting away encounter|date=19 February 2017|access-date=27 November 2023|website=khelnow.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618185057/https://khelnow.com/football/minerva-punjab-defeat-churchill-brothers-5-4-in-an-exciting-away-encounter|archive-date=18 June 2024}}</ref>
* Biggest margin win/most goals scored by a team in the [[Youth League (India)|AIFF Sub Junior League]]: 33–1 win against Namdhari Academy (31 March 2024).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/30118|title=AIFF Sub Junior League 2023/24 — Minerva Academy FC 33–1 Namdhari Sports Academy (31 March 2024)|website=the-aiff.com|publisher=[[All India Football Federation]]|date=31 March 2024|location=New Delhi|access-date=1 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401132116/https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/30118|archive-date=1 April 2024}}</ref>
* Youngest goalscorer in [[I-League]]: {{flagicon|IND}} [[Baoringdao Bodo]] (at 17 years 3 months and 18 days), representing Minerva Punjab: 2–1 win vs [[Mumbai FC]]; 4 February 2017.<ref>{{cite web|first1=Atanu|last1=Mitra|title=Minerva Punjab's Baoringdao Bodo becomes youngest ever scorer in I-League, overtakes Samuel Lalmuanpuia|url=https://www.goal.com/en-ae/news/minerva-punjabs/1fzr5k8nit2jf1qkdi58kd01o9|website=Goal.com|date=4 February 2017|archive-date=4 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250404111936/https://www.goal.com/en-ae/news/minerva-punjabs/1fzr5k8nit2jf1qkdi58kd01o9|access-date=4 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Minerva Punjab FC defeat Mumbai FC, register maiden I-League victory|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/football/minerva-punjab-fc-defeat-mumbai-fc-register-maiden-i-league-victory/story-JFWqjzrKMg5Gp93JB5YB9K.html|work=The Hindustan Times|date=4 February 2017|archive-date=12 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212053553/http://www.hindustantimes.com/football/minerva-punjab-fc-defeat-mumbai-fc-register-maiden-i-league-victory/story-JFWqjzrKMg5Gp93JB5YB9K.html|access-date=12 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=I-League 2017–18: Minerva Punjab FC 2–1 Mumbai FC (Saturday; 4 February 2017)|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/match-report/ma8350657/lineup/|work=WorldFootball.net|date=4 February 2017|archive-date=4 April 2025|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250404113653/https://www.worldfootball.net/report/i-league-2017-minerva-punjab-fc-mumbai-fc/liveticker/|access-date=4 April 2025}}</ref>

==Performance in AFC competitions==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Season
! Competition
! Round
! Club
! Home
! Away
! Position
! Top scorer
|-
|rowspan="4"|2019<ref name="AFC">{{Cite web|last1=Mukherjee|first1=Soham|last2=Easwar|first2=Nisanth V|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/india-clubs-in-afc-champions-league-afc-cup/3dj1qowtkdxc1pzji71c49vnz|title=How have Indian clubs fared in AFC Champions League and AFC Cup?|date=1 April 2020|access-date=23 March 2021|website=goal.com|publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]|archive-date=15 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415045019/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/india-clubs-in-afc-champions-league-afc-cup/3dj1qowtkdxc1pzji71c49vnz}}</ref>
|rowspan="1"|[[2019 AFC Champions League|AFC Champions League]]
|rowspan="1"|[[2019 AFC Champions League#Preliminary round 2|Preliminary round 2]]
|{{flagicon|IRN}} [[Saipa F.C.|Saipa]]
| colspan=2; bgcolor=#FFCCCC style="text-align:center;|0–4
| Preliminary Round
|rowspan="4"|{{flagicon|IND}} Sreyas Valiyaveettu Gopalan (2 goals)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nepal90.com/players/26658/|title=PLAYER DETAILS — TOURNAMENTS APPEARANCES: Sreyas Valiyaveettu Gopalan|website=nepal90.com|publisher=Nepal90 Football|location=Kathmandu|access-date=24 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526160142/https://www.nepal90.com/players/26658/|archive-date=26 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="AFC"/>
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[2019 AFC Cup|AFC Cup]]
|rowspan="3"|[[2019 AFC Cup#Group E|Group E]]
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Chennaiyin FC|Chennaiyin]]
|style="text-align:center;" bgcolor=#FFFFBF|0–0
|style="text-align:center;" bgcolor=#FFFFBF|1–1
|rowspan="3"|Third in Group E
|-
|{{flagicon|BAN}} [[Abahani Limited Dhaka|Dhaka Abahani]]
|style="text-align:center;" bgcolor=#FFFFBF|2–2
|style="text-align:center;" bgcolor=#FFCCCC|0–1
|-
|{{flagicon|NEP}} [[Manang Marshyangdi Club|Manang Marshyangdi]]
|style="text-align:center;" bgcolor=#FFFFBF|2–2
|style="text-align:center;" bgcolor=#FFFFBF|1–1
|}

==Managerial record==

[[File:Surinder Pic.jpg|thumb|160px|Surinder Singh managed the club in the I-League Second Division during their first season.]]

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center"
!Name!!Nationality!!From!!class="unsortable"|To!!P!!W!!D!!L!!GF!!GA!!Win%!!Ref.
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Surinder Singh (footballer)|Surinder Singh]]
|align=left|{{IND}}
|align=left|1 July 2015
|align=left|5 January 2017
{{WDL|28|7|10|11|for=31|against=44}}
|<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sen|first1=Debayen|title=Dempo, Minerva eye I-League promotion in League 2 decider|url=http://www.espn.com/football/story/_/id/15782514/dempo-sc-vs-minerva-sc-league-2|access-date=20 December 2016|work=ESPN|date=28 May 2016|archive-date=11 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711151043/https://www.espn.com/football/story/_/id/15782514/dempo-sc-vs-minerva-sc-league-2}}</ref>
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|José Carlos Hevia
|align=left|{{ESP}}
|align=left|5 January 2017
|align=left|1 June 2017
{{WDL|0|0|0|0|for=0|against=0}}
|<ref>{{cite news|agency=Tribune News Service|title=Minerva appoint Jose Carlos Hevia as coach|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/minerva-appoint-jose-carlos-hevia-as-coach-346115|access-date=20 December 2022|work=tribuneindia.com|location=Chandigarh|date=5 January 2017|archive-date=12 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712103041/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/minerva-appoint-jose-carlos-hevia-as-coach-346115}}</ref>
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|Juan Luis Pérez Herrera
|align=left|{{ESP}}
|align=left|1 June 2017
|align=left|1 September 2017
{{WDL|-|-|-|-|for=-|against=-}}
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/minerva-punjab-parts-ways-with-spanish-coach-over-communication-barrier/article20102392.ece|title=Minerva Punjab parts ways with Spanish coach over communication barrier|website=sportstar.thehindu.com|publisher=Sportstar|date=10 November 2017|access-date=26 August 2020|first=Shyam|last=Vasudevan|location=Chennai|archive-date=2 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202192807/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/minerva-punjab-parts-ways-with-spanish-coach-over-communication-barrier/article20102392.ece}}</ref>
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Khogen Singh]]
|align=left|{{IND}}
|align=left|1 September 2017
|align=left|31 May 2018
{{WDL|18|11|2|5|for=24|against=16}}
|<ref>{{cite news |date=10 May 2016 |title=Kareem scores hat-trick as Minerva stay in touch with leaders Dempo after beating Lonestar Kashmir |publisher=THIF-LIVE.COM |url=http://thif-live.com/kareem-scores-hat-trick-as-minerva-stay-in-touch-with-leaders-dempo-after-beating-lonestar-kashmir/ |access-date=18 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610044252/http://thif-live.com/kareem-scores-hat-trick-as-minerva-stay-in-touch-with-leaders-dempo-after-beating-lonestar-kashmir/ |archive-date=10 June 2016 |first=Debabrata |last=Majumder |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|Sachin Badadhe
|align=left|{{IND}}
|align=left|31 May 2018
|align=left|7 August 2018
{{WDL|-|-|-|-|for=-|against=-}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://minervapunjabfc.com/team/minerva-punjab-fc/|title=Minerva Punjab FC — Senior team: Head Coach SACHIN BADADHE|website=Apollo Minerva Punjab FC|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-07|archive-date=6 June 2019|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606115335/https://minervapunjabfc.com/team/minerva-punjab-fc/}}</ref>
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Paul Munster]]
|align=left|{{NIR}}
|align=left|8 August 2018
|align=left|12 February 2019
{{WDL|16|3|5|8|for=8|against=15}}
|<ref>{{Cite web | title = Paul Munster joins Indian champions | first = Steven | last = Crawford | work = News Letter | date = 8 August 2018 | access-date = 17 August 2018 | url = https://www.newsletter.co.uk/sport/football/paul-munster-joins-indian-champions-1-8595180 | archive-date = 17 August 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180817161259/https://www.newsletter.co.uk/sport/football/paul-munster-joins-indian-champions-1-8595180 }}</ref>
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|Sachin Badadhe
|align=left|{{IND}}
|align=left|12 February 2019
|align=left|30 June 2019
{{WDL|3|1|0|2|for=2|against=4}}
|<ref name="india">{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatimes.com/sports/meet-sachin-badadhe-the-tea-shop-owner-whose-coaching-helped-minerva-punjab-fc-win-the-i-league-341688.html|title=Meet Sachin Badadhe, The Tea Shop Owner Whose Coaching Helped Minerva Punjab FC Win The I-League|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507094803/https://www.indiatimes.com/sports/meet-sachin-badadhe-the-tea-shop-owner-whose-coaching-helped-minerva-punjab-fc-win-the-i-league-341688.html|archive-date=7 May 2021|website=indiatimes.com|publisher=The India Times|date=18 March 2018|first=Tanay|last=Apte|access-date=7 May 2021}}</ref>
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Yan Law]]
|align=left|{{IND}}
|align=left|1 July 2019
|align=left|31 May 2020
{{WDL|16|5|8|3|for=23|against=21}}
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/punjab-fc-coach-from-iconic-restaurant-family/cid/1717723|title=Punjab FC coach from iconic restaurant family|date=11 July 2019|first=Angshuman|last=Roy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418102453/https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/punjab-fc-coach-from-iconic-restaurant-family/cid/1717723|archive-date=18 April 2021|website=telegraphindia.com|publisher=The Telegraph India|access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" align="left" |Emerson Ricardo Alcântara
|rowspan="1" align="left" | {{BRA}}
|align=left|2020
|align=left|2021
{{WDL|-|-|-|-|for=-|against=-}}
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/football/2023-06-indian-football-hero-intercontinental-cup-rival-watch-vanuatu|title=Hero Intercontinental Cup Rival Watch: Vanuatu|website=khelnow.com|publisher=Khel Now India|date=4 June 2023|first=Uttiyo|last=Sarkar|access-date=15 June 2023|archive-date=4 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604190649/https://khelnow.com/football/2023-06-indian-football-hero-intercontinental-cup-rival-watch-vanuatu}}</ref>
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|Tushar Soodan
|align=left|{{IND}}
|align=left|2021
|align=left|2023
{{WDL|-|-|-|-|for=-|against=-}}
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.crosstownnews.in/post/84235/-minerva-jammu-trials-attract-young-footballers-in-jammu.html|title=Minerva Jammu Trials Attract Young Footballers In Jammu|date=9 December 2022|access-date=26 January 2023|website=crosstownnews.in|publisher=Cross Town News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523122941/https://www.crosstownnews.in/post/84235/-minerva-jammu-trials-attract-young-footballers-in-jammu.html|archive-date=23 May 2023|first=Rahul|last=Gupta}}</ref>
|}

==Minerva youth==
===Youth and academy===

[[File:Minerva Punjab FC Team Players.jpg|thumb|Youth players of Minerva in training, in 2020.]]
[[File:The Air Officer-in-Charge Administration, Air Marshal H.N. Bhagwat at the inauguration of the 59th Edition of Subroto Cup International Football Tournament, at Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Stadium, in New Delhi on October 25, 2018.JPG|thumb|Minerva players (in black) at the 59th edition of [[Subroto Cup]], at the Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Stadium in [[New Delhi]], October 2018.]]
Since the foundation in 2005, Minerva focused on youth development, and has more than hundred residential academies in the country.<ref name="Need to Know">{{Cite web|date=22 November 2016|first=Rony|last=Rakshit|title=Minerva Academy FC: All You Need To Know|url=https://khelnow.com/football/minerva-academy-fc-all-you-need-to-know|access-date=10 May 2021|website=khelnow.com|publisher=Khel Now|archive-date=10 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510124922/https://khelnow.com/football/minerva-academy-fc-all-you-need-to-know}}</ref> Club's youth men's section has been participating in various age-group domestic competitions, including U13, U15, and U18 [[Youth League (India)|Hero Youth League]]s,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-01-13 |title=Minerva to face Classic FA in Elite League knockout |website=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/minerva-to-face-classic-fa-in-elite-league-knockout/articleshow/96954519.cms |access-date=2023-05-21 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=13 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113033339/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/minerva-to-face-classic-fa-in-elite-league-knockout/articleshow/96954519.cms }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=4 teams secure progress to next rounds of Hero U-18 Youth League |url=https://i-league.org/4-teams-secure-progress-to-next-rounds-of-hero-u-18-youth-league/ |access-date=17 December 2018 |work=the-I–League.org |date=3 December 2018 |archive-date=17 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217202350/https://i-league.org/4-teams-secure-progress-to-next-rounds-of-hero-u-18-youth-league/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/minerva-blank-sudeva-5-0-to-qualify-to-first-u13-youth-league-final|title=MINERVA BLANK SUDEVA 5–0 TO QUALIFY TO FIRST U13 YOUTH LEAGUE FINAL|date=6 May 2018|access-date=28 September 2020|website=the-aiff.org|publisher=[[All India Football Federation]]|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522120233/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/minerva-blank-sudeva-5-0-to-qualify-to-first-u13-youth-league-final|archive-date=22 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://i-league.org/16-teams-to-compete-in-nike-premier-cup-2018-national-finals/|title=16 Teams To Compete In Nike Premier Cup 2018 National Finals|location=New Delhi|website=i-league.org|publisher=All India Football Federation|date=27 January 2018|access-date=27 January 2019|archive-date=27 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727142024/https://i-league.org/16-teams-to-compete-in-nike-premier-cup-2018-national-finals/}}</ref> in which they clinched multiple titles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/49-teams-to-participate-in-aiff-elite-youth-league-2022-23|title=49 teams to participate in AIFF Elite Youth League 2022–23|date=7 December 2022|access-date=28 January 2023|location=New Delhi|website=the-aiff.com|publisher=[[All India Football Federation]]|archive-date=8 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208054612/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/49-teams-to-participate-in-aiff-elite-youth-league-2022-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/quick-starts-watertight-defences-and-perfect-records-a-look-ahead-to-the-hero-u-17-youth-cup-final-round|title=Quick starts, watertight defences and perfect records: A look ahead to the Hero U-17 Youth Cup final round|date=18 January 2023|access-date=28 January 2023|website=the-aiff.com|publisher=[[All India Football Federation]]|first=Vaibhav|last=Raghunandan|location=New Delhi|archive-date=22 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122082038/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/quick-starts-watertight-defences-and-perfect-records-a-look-ahead-to-the-hero-u-17-youth-cup-final-round}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uniindia.com/minerva-academy-fc-win-nike-preminer-cup/sports/news/464901.html|title=Minerva Academy FC won the Nike Premier Cup|date=29 April 2016|access-date=28 January 2023|website=uniindia.com|publisher=United News of India|location=Mapusa|archive-date=30 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730143925/http://www.uniindia.com/minerva-academy-fc-win-nike-preminer-cup/sports/news/464901.html}}</ref> Club's academy is responsible in nurturing talents, bringing up promising youngsters; Many of them graduated from the club's academy and went on to represent India internationally.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mahadevan|first=Maya|date=2017-10-06|title=India's U-17 World Cup Team Owes a Lot to This Chandigarh Academy|url=https://www.thequint.com/sports/football/chandigarh-minerva-football-academy-fifa-under-17-world-cup|access-date=2020-09-15|website=thequint.com|publisher=The Quint|language=en|archive-date=30 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030184014/https://www.thequint.com/sports/football/chandigarh-minerva-football-academy-fifa-under-17-world-cup}}</ref> In 2017–18, Spanish manager José Carlos Hevia served as head of Minerva's academy and reserve team.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/i-league-2020-21-mohammedan-sporting-jose-hevia/1e62q86474qhl1vq28jotlyl9y|title=I-League 2020–21: Mohammedan Sporting appoint Jose Hevia as head coach|work=Goal.com|date=24 October 2020|access-date=24 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129144132/https://www.goal.com/en/news/i-league-2020-21-mohammedan-sporting-jose-hevia/1e62q86474qhl1vq28jotlyl9y|archive-date=29 January 2021}}</ref> Ahead of the [[2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup]], club's reserve team appeared in an exhibition match against one of the participants [[Colombia national under-17 football team|Columbia U17]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/colombia-u-17-to-play-minerva-punjab-in-practice-match-117092101162_1.html|title=Colombia U-17 to play Minerva Punjab in practice match|website=business-standard.com|publisher=The Business Standard India|location=New Delhi|agency=IANS|date=21 September 2017|access-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921195916/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/colombia-u-17-to-play-minerva-punjab-in-practice-match-117092101162_1.html|archive-date=21 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=U-17 World Cup 2017: Colombia beat Minerva Punjab U-20 in practice match|url=http://www.goal.com/en-ie/news/u-17-world-cup-2017-colombia-beat-minerva-punjab-u-20-in/cp76zmybda6q1101ul5b2e8sx|access-date=16 November 2017|work=Goal.com|date=27 September 2017|archive-date=17 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117003027/http://www.goal.com/en-ie/news/u-17-world-cup-2017-colombia-beat-minerva-punjab-u-20-in/cp76zmybda6q1101ul5b2e8sx}}</ref> In June 2020, Minerva Academy was recommended for "Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Puraskar" for producing more than 70 players for the various India national football sides.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sharma|first=Vishal|date=2020-06-22|title=Minerva Academy Football Club's owner Ranjit Bajaj elated with Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Puruskar 2020 recommendation|url=https://www.mykhel.com/football/minerva-academy-football-club-s-owner-ranjit-bajaj-elated-with-rashtriya-khel-protsahan-puruskar-145949.html|access-date=2020-09-15|website=mykhel.com|language=en|archive-date=23 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200623170804/https://www.mykhel.com/football/minerva-academy-football-club-s-owner-ranjit-bajaj-elated-with-rashtriya-khel-protsahan-puruskar-145949.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Dey|first=Sayak Dipta|date=2020-06-20|title=Minerva Academy recommended for Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Puruskar|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/minerva-academy-recommended-rashtriya-khel-protsahan-puruskar-aim-play-i-league|access-date=2020-09-15|website=sportskeeda.com|language=en-us|archive-date=7 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407004859/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/minerva-academy-recommended-rashtriya-khel-protsahan-puruskar-aim-play-i-league}}</ref>

In 2022, U12 team of Minerva Academy took part in [[Mina Cup]], an youth international tournament held in [[Dubai]], [[United Arab Emirates]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Tribune News |title=U-12 football: Minerva Academy win Mina Cup in Dubai |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/chandigarh/u-12-football-minerva-academy-win-mina-cup-in-dubai-385917 |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=tribuneindia.com |publisher=Tribuneindia News Service |language=en |archive-date=18 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618055305/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/chandigarh/u-12-football-minerva-academy-win-mina-cup-in-dubai-385917 }}</ref> In that tournament, they won title with dominant performance, beating [[La Masia|Barcelona Academy]] 4–0 in final.<ref name="Mina Cup 2022">{{Cite web |last1=Radley |first1=Paul |title=Indian kids stun Manchester City and Barcelona as they dominate Mina Cup |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/football/2022/04/12/indian-kids-stun-manchester-city-and-barcelona-as-they-dominate-mina-cup/ |access-date=26 November 2022 |website=thenationalnews.com |publisher=The National News |language=en |location=Dubai |archive-date=19 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230219053019/https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/football/2022/04/12/indian-kids-stun-manchester-city-and-barcelona-as-they-dominate-mina-cup/ }}</ref> Later in July 2023, they went to [[Sweden]], and took part in U13 category of the prestigious [[Gothia Cup]].<ref name="Results of Gothia Cup">{{cite web|url=https://results.gothiacup.se/2023/teams/42384974|title=Gothia Cup — Results: Minerva Academy FC|website=results.gothiacup.se|location=Gothenburg|access-date=9 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723084409/https://results.gothiacup.se/2023/teams/42384974|archive-date=23 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldwisdomnews.com/ampere-by-greaves-evs-dealership-shriji-enterprises-launched/|title=Minerva Academy's winning start in Youth World Cup|website=worldwisdomnews.com|publisher=World Wisdom News|first=Divya|last=Azad|location=Chandigarh|date=17 July 2023|access-date=18 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719113145/http://www.worldwisdomnews.com/minerva-academys-winning-start-in-youth-world-cup/|archive-date=19 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/football/minerva-academy-champions-gothia-cup-2023-history-indian-football-43108|title=Minerva Academy becomes first-ever Indian club to win Gothia Cup 2023|date=23 July 2023|access-date=23 July 2023|website=thebridge.com|publisher=The Bridge|location=Chandigarh|archive-date=23 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723101835/https://thebridge.in/football/minerva-academy-champions-gothia-cup-2023-history-indian-football-43108}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/football/2023-07-indian-football-minerva-academy-win-gothia-cup|title=Minerva Academy become first Indian team to win Gothia Cup|first=Shalini|last=Gupta|date=22 July 2023|access-date=23 July 2023|website=khelnow.com|publisher=Khel Now News|archive-date=23 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723102116/https://khelnow.com/football/2023-07-indian-football-minerva-academy-win-gothia-cup}}</ref> On 22 July, defeating Brazilian side Ordin by 3–1 in final at the SKF Arena, Minerva Academy became the first ever Indian team to clinch Gothia Cup title.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gothiacup.se/en/post/minerva-academy-fc-made-history-as-the-first-ever-team-from-india-to-win-the-gothia-cup|title=Minerva Academy FC made history as the first-ever Indian team to win Gothia Cup|date=22 July 2023|access-date=23 July 2023|website=gothiacup.se|location=Gothenburg|archive-date=22 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722183215/https://gothiacup.se/en/post/minerva-academy-fc-made-history-as-the-first-ever-team-from-india-to-win-the-gothia-cup}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/news-indian-football-fans-show-overwhelming-support-minerva-academy-youngsters-make-history-global-stage|title=Indian football fans show overwhelming support as Minerva Academy youngsters make history on global stage|first=Rahul|last=Madhavan|date=22 July 2023|access-date=23 July 2023|website=Sportskeeda.com|archive-date=23 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723100012/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/news-indian-football-fans-show-overwhelming-support-minerva-academy-youngsters-make-history-global-stage}}</ref> In that edition, more than 150 teams competed; Minerva went on to seal the championship winning all their matches, scoring 46 goals, and conceding only 2.<ref name="Results of Gothia Cup"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-academy-football-club-makes-history-by-winning-youth-world-cup-defeating-brazilian-opponents-101690065298398.html|title=Minerva Academy FC enters history books as first Indian side to lift Gothia Cup|first=Shalini|last=Gupta|date=23 July 2023|access-date=23 July 2023|website=hindustantimes.com|publisher=The Hindustan Times|location=Chandigarh|archive-date=23 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723101241/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-academy-football-club-makes-history-by-winning-youth-world-cup-defeating-brazilian-opponents-101690065298398.html}}</ref> Club's academy gained an 'elite category' accreditation by the [[All India Football Federation]] in December 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of AIFF accredited 'Elite Category' academies for 2023–24 season |url=https://khelnow.com/football/2023-12-indian-football-aiff-accredited-elite-category-academy-list |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=khelnow.com |publisher=Khel Now News |first1=Rahul |last1=Patra |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214082259/https://khelnow.com/football/2023-12-indian-football-aiff-accredited-elite-category-academy-list |archive-date=14 December 2023 }}</ref> The club won Sub Junior League title in 2024, defeating [[Bengaluru FC]] 7–4 in final.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/16-tournaments-11000-players-a-hectic-2023-24-domestic-season-with-class-and-character|title=16 tournaments, 11,000 players: A hectic 2023–24 domestic season with class and character|date=18 June 2024|access-date=18 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618135956/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/16-tournaments-11000-players-a-hectic-2023-24-domestic-season-with-class-and-character|archive-date=18 June 2024|location=New Delhi|website=the-aiff.com|publisher=[[All India Football Federation]]|first1=AIFF|last1=Media Team}}</ref> In October 2024, Minerva Academy's player Mohammad Razin made headlines by signing the Saudi U-15 Premier League side Al-Nassr FC U14 through passing the trials.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latestly.com/sports/football/12-year-old-mohammad-razin-p-selected-by-cristiano-ronaldos-al-nassr-junior-team-minerva-academy-football-club-owner-ranjit-bajaj-provides-update-6397261.html|title=12-Year-Old Mohammad Razin P Selected By Cristiano Ronaldo's Al-Nassr Junior Team, Minerva Academy Football Club Owner Ranjit Bajaj Provides Update|work=latestly.com|access-date=6 November 2024|first1=Kunal|last1=Chawda|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241106125246/https://www.latestly.com/sports/football/12-year-old-mohammad-razin-p-selected-by-cristiano-ronaldos-al-nassr-junior-team-minerva-academy-football-club-owner-ranjit-bajaj-provides-update-6397261.html|archive-date=6 November 2024}}</ref> In May 2025, the club clinched AIFF Sub-Junior League, defeating hosts FC Madras 2–1 in the final day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://i-league.org/minerva-academy-fc-crowned-aiff-sub-junior-league-champions-2024-25/|title=Minerva Academy FC crowned AIFF Sub-Junior League champions 2024–25|website=i-league.org|publisher=Hero I-League|date=26 May 2025|location=Mahabalipuram|access-date=27 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250527140152/https://i-league.org/minerva-academy-fc-crowned-aiff-sub-junior-league-champions-2024-25/|archive-date=27 May 2025}}</ref> In July 2025, the U-14 team of the club took part in [[Helsinki Cup]] in Finland.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/sports/minerva-academy-u-14-side-off-to-a-dominant-start-at-helsinki-cup-2025-1503455241.html|title=Minerva Academy U-14 side off to a dominant start at Helsinki Cup 2025|work=The Statesman|date=8 July 2025|location=New Delhi|access-date=11 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250711055052/https://www.thestatesman.com/sports/minerva-academy-u-14-side-off-to-a-dominant-start-at-helsinki-cup-2025-1503455241.html|archive-date=11 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/helsinki-cup-minerva-academy-logs-twin-victories-101752082544395.html|title=Helsinki Cup: Minerva Academy logs twin victories|date=10 July 2025|location=Chandigarh|access-date=11 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250711055705/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/helsinki-cup-minerva-academy-logs-twin-victories-101752082544395.html|archive-date=11 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/sports/helsinki-cup-minerva-academy-storms-into-round-of-16-with-7-0-rout-1503456132.html|title=Helsinki Cup: Minerva Academy storms into Round of 16 with 7–0 rout|work=The Statesman|date=10 July 2025|location=New Delhi|access-date=11 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250711055413/https://www.thestatesman.com/sports/helsinki-cup-minerva-academy-storms-into-round-of-16-with-7-0-rout-1503456132.html|archive-date=11 July 2025}}</ref> In that tournament, Minerva Academy ended their campaign with a runners-up finish, scoring 42 goals in 10 matches, conceding just 1 goal, that too only in final against Finnish club [[PK-35 (men)|PK-35]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://helsinkicup.torneopal.fi/|title=Tervetuloa Helsinki Cupiin! — La 12.7.2025|trans-title=Welcome to the Helsinki Cup!|date=12 July 2025|access-date=13 July 2025|language=fi|website=helsinkicup.torneopal.fi|archive-date=13 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250713060525/https://helsinkicup.torneopal.fi/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/football/helsinki-cup-minerva-academy-in-semi-finals-two-finland-clubs-eliminated20250712135832/|title=Helsinki Cup: Minerva Academy in semi-finals, two Finland clubs eliminated|date=12 July 2025|access-date=13 July 2025|website=aninews.com|archive-date=13 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250713062147/https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/football/helsinki-cup-minerva-academy-in-semi-finals-two-finland-clubs-eliminated20250712135832/}}</ref><ref name="Helsinki"/> The club clinched [[Dana Cup]] title in [[Denmark]] in July 2025, defeating Maltese side KFF Club by 15–0 in the final; By the end of the tournament, Minerva Academy scored 110 goals in seven matches, conceding only one goal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-fc-doubles-glory-nets-dana-cup-after-gothia-triumph-101753457353688.html|title=Minerva FC doubles glory, nets Dana Cup after Gothia triumph|date=25 July 2025|access-date=27 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250727053624/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-fc-doubles-glory-nets-dana-cup-after-gothia-triumph-101753457353688.html|work=Hindustan Times|archive-date=27 July 2025|location=Chandigarh}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danacup.dk/en/final-b14-2025/|title=KFF Academy (MAL) – Minerva Academy FC (IND) 0–15 (0–6)|work=danacup.dk|access-date=25 July 2025|date=25 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250725133009/https://www.danacup.dk/en/final-b14-2025/|archive-date=25 July 2025}}</ref> In August 2025, the club clinched [[Norway Cup]] title in U14 boys category, scoring a staggering 130 goals across eight matches which made them the highest-scoring team in the tournament across all age groups.<ref name="Norway Cup"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-minerva-academy-fc-norway-cup-202508|title=Looking at Minerva Academy FC's road to U14 Norway Cup title|date=3 August 2025|access-date=3 August 2025|work=Khel Now|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250803130746/https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-minerva-academy-fc-norway-cup-202508|archive-date=3 August 2025|first1=Saikat|last1=Sengupta}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/chandigarh/minerva-academy-fc-won-the-norway-cup-chandigarh-news-c-16-pkl1043-779099-2025-08-02|title=मिनर्वा एकेडमी एफसी ने जीता नॉर्वे कप|date=2 August 2025|access-date=3 August 2025|work=Amar Ujala|language=hi|trans-title=Minerva Academy win another title in Europe|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250803131043/https://www.amarujala.com/chandigarh/minerva-academy-fc-won-the-norway-cup-chandigarh-news-c-16-pkl1043-779099-2025-08-02|archive-date=3 August 2025|location=Chandigarh}}</ref>

====Notable Minerva youth graduates/players====
* [[Jeakson Singh Thounaojam]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Young Jeakson Singh is taking his chances at Kerala Blasters {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/kerala-blasters-jeakson-singh-taking-his-chances/1swyen30ms1j11lfgi7l72vxbw|access-date=2020-09-15|website=goal.com|archive-date=10 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710150739/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/kerala-blasters-jeakson-singh-taking-his-chances/1swyen30ms1j11lfgi7l72vxbw}}</ref>
* [[Dheeraj Singh Moirangthem]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.redbull.com/in-en/dheeraj-singh-indias-rising-football-superstar|access-date=2020-09-15|website=redbull.com|title=Meet Dheeraj Singh, India's rising football superstar|url-status=live |archive-date=1 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701014536/https://www.redbull.com/in-en/dheeraj-singh-indias-rising-football-superstar}}</ref>
* [[Givson Singh]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=NxGn India: Meet Givson Singh – The midfielder quietly making a name for himself at Arrows {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/nxgn-indian-arrows-givson-singh-midfielder-name/w59ykd3xf74k1ka2nnzciqt9m|access-date=2020-09-15|website=goal.com|archive-date=18 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618211338/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/nxgn-indian-arrows-givson-singh-midfielder-name/w59ykd3xf74k1ka2nnzciqt9m}}</ref>
* [[Amarjit Singh Kiyam]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nayak|first=Nicolai|title=In Amarjit Singh Kiyam, Indian football has a leader in the making|url=https://scroll.in/field/952919/in-amarjit-kiyam-singh-indian-football-has-a-leader-in-the-making|access-date=2020-09-15|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US|archive-date=9 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809031659/https://scroll.in/field/952919/in-amarjit-kiyam-singh-indian-football-has-a-leader-in-the-making}}</ref>
* [[Vikram Pratap Singh]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/india-u-16-football-vikram-pratap-singh/1ivan0jop9v791ki5kqf2i44j5|title=India U-16's Vikram Pratap Singh confident of AFC U-16 Championship glory|website=Goal.com|date=20 September 2018|first=Zulhilmi|last=Zainal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101203151/https://www.goal.com/en/news/india-u-16-football-vikram-pratap-singh/1ivan0jop9v791ki5kqf2i44j5|archive-date=1 November 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/93428/Vikram_Partap_Singh.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Singh, Vikram Pratap|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=24 January 2024|archive-date=14 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114200820/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/93428/Vikram_Partap_Singh.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* Dilliram Sanyasi<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/football/i-league-2020-21-look-new-recruits-east-bengal-from-minerva-punjab-fc/|title=I-League 2020–21: A look at new recruits of East Bengal from Minerva Punjab FC|work=The Bridge|first=Prachyaprachetah|last=Sarkar|date=20 April 2020|access-date=26 April 2020|archive-date=24 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724140633/https://thebridge.in/featured/i-league-2020-21-look-new-recruits-east-bengal-from-minerva-punjab-fc}}</ref>
* [[Baoringdao Bodo]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.goal.com/en-my/news/3889/main/2017/02/04/32307112/minerva-punjabs-baoringdao-bodo-becomes-youngest-ever-scorer |title=Minerva Punjab's Baoringdao Bodo becomes youngest ever scorer in I-League, overtakes Samuel Lalmuanpuia |work=Goal.com |access-date=4 February 2017 |archive-date=5 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205095820/http://www.goal.com/en-my/news/3889/main/2017/02/04/32307112/minerva-punjabs-baoringdao-bodo-becomes-youngest-ever-scorer }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.goalbold.com/the-future-of-indian-footballs-attack-baoringdao-bodo/ |title=Baoringdao Bodo — the future of Indian football's attack |work=GoalBold.com |access-date=26 January 2017 |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202063931/http://www.goalbold.com/the-future-of-indian-footballs-attack-baoringdao-bodo/ }}</ref>
*[[Kamalpreet Singh]]<ref name="Announcement">{{cite news|title=Minerva Academy Football Club announce 37-member squad|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/chandigarh/sports/minerva-academy-football-club-announce-37-member-squad/159231.html|access-date=8 January 2017|work=Tribune India|date=17 November 2015|archive-date=10 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410134914/http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/chandigarh/sports/minerva-academy-football-club-announce-37-member-squad/159231.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Minerva Punjab crowned I-League champions|url=http://www.rediff.com/sports/report/minerva-punjab-crowned-i-league-champions-india-football/20180308.htm|access-date=16 April 2018|work=Rediff.com|date=8 March 2018|archive-date=18 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618052323/http://www.rediff.com/sports/report/minerva-punjab-crowned-i-league-champions-india-football/20180308.htm}}</ref>
*[[Arshdeep Singh (footballer, born 1997)|Arshdeep Singh]]<ref name="Announcement"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Chennai City 0–0 Minerva Punjab|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/01/08/india/i-league/chennai-city/india-minerva-fc/2383739/|website=Soccerway.com|access-date=21 February 2018|archive-date=11 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111120529/http://int.soccerway.com/matches/2017/01/08/india/i-league/chennai-city/india-minerva-fc/2383739/}}</ref>
* [[Aakash Sangwan]]<ref name="Announcement"/>
* [[Krishna Pandit]]<ref name="Announcement"/>

==Other departments==
===Cricket===
Minerva has been running academies and teams for [[cricket]] since inception.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/patiala/minerva-pip-reliance-india-547837|title=Minerva pip Reliance India|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=The Tribune India|location=Patiala|date=25 September 2023|access-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926124854/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/patiala/minerva-pip-reliance-india-547837|archive-date=26 September 2023}}</ref> It is widely known for producing international cricketers including [[Gurkeerat Singh|Gurkeerat Singh Mann]], [[Mandeep Singh]], [[Rishi Dhawan]], [[Barinder Sran]], [[Manan Vohra]], [[Siddarth Kaul]], and [[Shubman Gill]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/in-form-minerva-to-play-fci-delhi-in-final-729203|title=In form Minerva to play FCI Delhi in final|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=The Tribune India|location=Chandigarh|date=25 September 2023|access-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108180117/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/in-form-minerva-to-play-fci-delhi-in-final-729203|archive-date=8 November 2023|first1=Nitin|last1=Mittal}}</ref><ref name="Overview – ESPN">{{Cite web|last=Selvaraj|first=Jonathan|title=Minerva FC set for the big leap ahead of I-league debut|url=https://www.espn.in/football/story/3033245/minerva-fc-set-for-the-big-leap-ahead-of-i-league-debut|website=espn.in|publisher=[[ESPN]]|language=en-US|access-date=26 August 2020|date=6 January 2017|archive-date=10 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710172042/https://www.espn.in/football/story/3033245/minerva-fc-set-for-the-big-leap-ahead-of-i-league-debut}}</ref><ref name="Scroll MP">{{Cite web|first=Anubhav|last=Roda|title=Chandigarh's Minerva FC is putting North India back on the country's football map|url=https://scroll.in/field/822106/chandigarhs-minerva-fc-is-putting-north-india-back-on-the-countrys-football-map|website=scroll.in|publisher=Scroll|language=en-US|access-date=26 August 2020|date=21 November 2016|archive-date=8 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108164209/https://scroll.in/field/822106/chandigarhs-minerva-fc-is-putting-north-india-back-on-the-countrys-football-map}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|first=RS|last=Prasad|location=Chennai|title=Amit: The man who kept Minerva in the best shape mentally|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/amit-the-man-who-kept-minerva-in-the-best-shape-mentally/articleshow/63270328.cms|website=[[The Times of India]]|agency=TNN|language=en-US|access-date=26 August 2020|date=12 March 2018|archive-date=29 May 2023|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20230529050537/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/amit-the-man-who-kept-minerva-in-the-best-shape-mentally/articleshow/63270328.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The cricket section is accredited to [[Punjab Cricket Association]] (PCA).<ref name="TM"/> Minerva clinched JP Atray Cricket Tournament title in Mohali, in September 2005, in their debut season.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050920/sports.htm#9|title=Minerva defeat ICL|agency=Tribune News Service|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=The Tribune India|location=Chandigarh|date=19 September 2005|access-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926113757/https://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050920/sports.htm#9|archive-date=26 September 2023}}</ref><ref name="Cricket 2005">{{cite web|url=https://m.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050930/sports.htm#15|title=Minerva win JP Atray cricket trophy|first=Akash|last=Ghai|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=The Tribune India|date=29 September 2005|access-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926112201/https://m.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050930/sports.htm#15|archive-date=26 September 2023}}</ref>

===Futsal===
The [[futsal]] section was included within Minerva Academy in later years,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Draw for Futsal Club Championship 2021–22 announced|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/football/draw-for-futsal-club-championship-2021-22-announced20211029130912/|access-date=6 November 2021|website=aninews.in|publisher=Asianet News International|language=en|date=29 October 2021|location=New Delhi|archive-date=6 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211106200218/https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/football/draw-for-futsal-club-championship-2021-22-announced20211029130912/}}</ref> and the team participated in the [[2021–22 Futsal Club Championship|inaugural]] [[Futsal Club Championship]] organised by the [[All India Football Federation]] (AIFF).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bangde |first1=Arjun |title=Fast, exciting and technical – welcome to Hero Futsal Club Championship |url=https://www.footballcounter.com/2021/fast-exciting-and-technical-welcome-to-hero-futsal-club-championship/ |website=footballcounter.com |access-date=27 October 2021 |publisher=Football Counter |archive-date=29 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129114607/https://www.footballcounter.com/2021/fast-exciting-and-technical-welcome-to-hero-futsal-club-championship/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Dias |first1=Shayne |title=Nikhil Mali - The undisputed star of the Futsal Club Championship |url=https://sportslumo.com/football/nikhil-mali-the-undisputed-star-of-the-futsal-club-championship/ |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Sportslumo |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116055141/https://sportslumo.com/football/nikhil-mali-the-undisputed-star-of-the-futsal-club-championship/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=30 January 2023 |title=Hero Futsal Club Championship to commence on February 8 |website=the-aiff.com |publisher=All India Football Federation |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/hero-futsal-club-championship-to-commence-on-february-8 |access-date=1 February 2023 |archive-date=1 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201073112/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/hero-futsal-club-championship-to-commence-on-february-8 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Hero Futsal Club Championship 2022-23 |website=the-aiff.com |publisher=All India Football Federation |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/calendar?event=63&month=0&year=2023 |access-date=1 February 2023 |archive-date=1 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201113804/https://www.the-aiff.com/calendar?event=63&month=0&year=2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://i-league.org/minerva-enter-quarters-bhawanipore-maintain-perfect-record/|title=Minerva enter quarters, Bhawanipore maintain perfect record|location=Rudrapur|date=9 August 2025|access-date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250820050554/https://i-league.org/minerva-enter-quarters-bhawanipore-maintain-perfect-record/|archive-date=20 August 2025|work=ileague.org|publisher=All India Football Federation}}</ref> The club emerged as champion in the [[2022–23 Futsal Club Championship|2022–23 edition]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportstrumpet.com/goalkeeper-scott-moraes-stood-tall-as-minerva-academy-fc-won-the-hero-futsal-club-championship/|title=Goalkeeper Scott Moraes stood tall as Minerva Academy FC won the Hero Futsal Club Championship|date=20 February 2023|location=New Delhi|access-date=22 September 2023|website=sportstrumpet.com|publisher=Sports Trumpet|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320020834/https://www.sportstrumpet.com/goalkeeper-scott-moraes-stood-tall-as-minerva-academy-fc-won-the-hero-futsal-club-championship/|archive-date=20 March 2023}}</ref> and qualified for the [[AFC Futsal Club Championship]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theawayend.co/2023/02/20/minerva-academy-win-hero-futsal-club-championship-2023/|title=Scott stands tall to help Minerva Academy win Hero Futsal Club Championship 2023|date=20 February 2023|location=New Delhi|access-date=22 May 2023|website=theawayend.co|publisher=The Away End|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220033906/https://theawayend.co/2023/02/20/minerva-academy-win-hero-futsal-club-championship-2023/|archive-date=20 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/football/minerva-academy-win-futsal-club-championship-39823|title=Minerva Academy win Futsal Club Championship|date=20 February 2023|location=New Delhi|access-date=22 May 2023|website=thebridge.in|publisher=The Bridge Sports|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422160416/https://thebridge.in/football/minerva-academy-win-futsal-club-championship-39823|archive-date=22 April 2023}}</ref> The club also clinched the Punjab Futsal Club Championship title in 2023 and 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/chandigarh/minerva-dominates-punjab-futsal-league-by-winning-its-third-title-chandigarh-news-c-16-pkl1043-475807-2024-07-25|title=पंजाब फुटसल लीग में तीसरा खिताब जीतकर मिनर्वा ने बनाया दबदबा|date=25 July 2024|access-date=25 July 2024|website=amarujala.com|publisher=[[Amar Ujala]]|location=Chandigarh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725120426/https://www.amarujala.com/chandigarh/minerva-dominates-punjab-futsal-league-by-winning-its-third-title-chandigarh-news-c-16-pkl1043-475807-2024-07-25|archive-date=25 July 2024|trans-title=Minerva dominated the Punjab Football League by winning the third title|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/35677|title=3rd Punjab Futsal Club Championship: Punjab Police Football Club 1–5 Minerva Academy FC (21 July 2024)|date=21 July 2024|access-date=22 July 2024|website=the-aiff.com|publisher=All India Football Federation|archive-date=22 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240722131353/https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/35677}}</ref>

==Honours==
===Association football===
====Senior team====
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
;League
*'''[[I-League]]'''<ref group="note" name="Top_league">From [[2017–18 in Indian football|2017–18 season]] until [[2021–22 in Indian football|2021–22 season]], [[I-League]] and [[Indian Super League]] shared joint top flight status in Indian Football.</ref>
**Champions (1): [[2017–18 I-League|2017–18]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/indiachamp.html|title=India – List of National Champions|first1=Atsushi|last1=Fujioka|first2=Arunava|last2=Chaudhuri|website=[[RSSSF]]|access-date=14 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026112338/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesi/indiachamp.html|archive-date=26 October 2021}}</ref>
**Third place (1): [[2019–20 I-League|2019–20]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/mohun-bagan-wins-ileague-title-papa-diawara-win-over-aizawl-fc-kalyani-dempo-isl-india-super-league/article31032319.ece|title=Mohun Bagan wins second I-League title with win over Aizawl FC|website=sportstar.thehindu.com|publisher=[[Sportstar]]|first=Amitabha|last=Das Sharma|date=10 March 2020|access-date=10 March 2021|archive-date=25 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125223239/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/mohun-bagan-wins-ileague-title-papa-diawara-win-over-aizawl-fc-kalyani-dempo-isl-india-super-league/article31032319.ece}}</ref>
*'''[[I-League 2|I-League 2nd Division]]'''
**Runners-up (1): [[2015–16 I-League 2nd Division|2015–16]]<ref>See: [[2015–16 I-League 2nd Division final round]] for further information.</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Sharda|first1=Deepankar|title=Minerva FC to debut in 2017 I-League|location=Chandigarh|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/chandigarh/sports/minerva-fc-to-debut-in-2017-i-league/335718.html|access-date=20 December 2016|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=The Tribune India News|date=12 December 2016|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220103000/http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/chandigarh/sports/minerva-fc-to-debut-in-2017-i-league/335718.html}}</ref>
*'''[[Punjab State Super Football League|Punjab State Super League]]'''
**Champions (2): 2017–18, [[2019 Punjab State Super League season|2019–20]]<ref>{{cite web|date=21 October 2019|title=Minerva Punjab FC Beat Punjab Police to Win 2nd Straight Punjab Super League Title|url=https://www.news18.com/news/football/minerva-punjab-fc-beat-punjab-police-to-win-2nd-straight-punjab-super-league-title-2353189.html|website=news18.com|access-date=30 September 2021|archive-date=16 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220416064401/https://www.news18.com/news/football/minerva-punjab-fc-beat-punjab-police-to-win-2nd-straight-punjab-super-league-title-2353189.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Punjab State Super Football League |url=https://theawayend.co/punjab-state-super-football-league/ |website=The Away End |access-date=18 December 2023 |archive-date=31 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031122019/https://theawayend.co/punjab-state-super-football-league/ }}</ref>
**Runners-up (1): 2018–19<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/india2019.html#punj|title=India 2018/19 — Punjab State Super Football League|access-date=26 January 2023|archive-date=23 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523233120/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/india2019.html#punj|work=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref>
*'''Punjab State Second Division League'''
**Champions (1): 2020–21<ref name="Statistics">{{Cite web |url=https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1478376344228487168 |access-date=2022-06-19 |title=Who are we ⁉️ Champions of Punjab, Chandigarh, Himachal and Delhi 🤩🏆 (4️⃣ States 8️⃣ Titles 5️⃣ Runners Up) |website=Twitter |language=en |date=4 January 2022 |archive-date=19 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619115519/https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1478376344228487168 }}</ref>
*'''Punjab State Third Division League'''
**Champions (1): 2020–21<ref name="Statistics"/>

{{col-2}}
;Cup
* '''J&K Invitational Cup'''
**Champions (1): 2018<ref group="note">Title shared with [[Real Kashmir FC|Real Kashmir]].</ref><ref name="Greater Kashmir">{{cite web|first=Abid|last=Khan|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/sports/jk-invitational-cup-2018-real-kashmir-fc-minerva-punjab-fc-joint-winners|title=J&K Invitational Cup-2018: Real Kashmir FC, Minerva Punjab FC joint winners|date=24 October 2018|access-date=28 September 2021|website=Greater Kashmir|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928114155/https://www.greaterkashmir.com/amp/story/sports/jk-invitational-cup-2018-real-kashmir-fc-minerva-punjab-fc-joint-winners|archive-date=28 September 2021}}</ref>
*'''Harbhajan Singh Memorial All-India Football Tournament'''
**Champions (1): 2018<ref name="Silverware">{{cite web|url=https://www.arunfoot.com/minerva-punjab-fc-bags-another-silverwear-time-balachur-football-tournament-punjab/|title=Minerva Punjab FC bags another silverware; this time Balachur Football Tournament in Punjab!|website=arunfoot.com|first=Arunava|last=Chaudhuri|date=28 February 2018|access-date=13 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180318060739/https://www.arunfoot.com/minerva-punjab-fc-bags-another-silverwear-time-balachur-football-tournament-punjab/|archive-date=18 March 2018}}</ref>
* '''Sukhia Gold Cup'''
**Champions (1): 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=https://minervaacademyfc.com/2019/10/28/minerva-punjab-fc-and-army-green-fc-declared-as-joint-winners-of-the-sukhia-gold-cup/|title=MINERVA PUNJAB FC AND ARMY GREEN FC DECLARED AS JOINT WINNERS OF THE SUKHIA GOLD CUP|date=28 October 2019|access-date=26 November 2022|website=minervaacademyfc.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526185933/https://minervaacademyfc.com/2019/10/28/minerva-punjab-fc-and-army-green-fc-declared-as-joint-winners-of-the-sukhia-gold-cup/|archive-date=26 May 2023}}</ref>
* '''[[Bodousa Cup]]'''
**Runners-up (1): 2019<ref>{{cite web|title=11th Bodousa Cup: Durand Cup Winners Gokulam Kerala FC Beat Former I-League Champions Minerva Punjab In Nerve-Wrecking Final|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/sports-news-11th-bodousa-cup-durand-cup-winners-gokulam-kerala-fc-beat-former-i-league-champions-minerva-punjab-in-nerve-wrecking-/340007|website=outlookindia.com|publisher=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook India]]|date=4 October 2019|access-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024084840/https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/sports-news-11th-bodousa-cup-durand-cup-winners-gokulam-kerala-fc-beat-former-i-league-champions-minerva-punjab-in-nerve-wrecking-/340007|archive-date=24 October 2019}}</ref>
{{col-end}}

====Youth team====
{{col-begin}}
{{col-3}}
;National
* '''[[Youth League U18]]'''
**Champions (1): [[2018–19 Indian Elite League|2018–19]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/elite-league-2018-19-minerva-punjab-champion-pune-city/1x4h2nj6ru9gl1v2pisid8utvi|title=Elite League 2018–19: Minerva Punjab beat Pune City to win title|date=8 February 2019|access-date=22 November 2022|work=Goal.com|first=Swapnaneel|last=Parasar|archive-date=22 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522121223/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/elite-league-2018-19-minerva-punjab-champion-pune-city/1x4h2nj6ru9gl1v2pisid8utvi}}</ref>
* '''[[Youth League (India)#Under-15 level|Youth League U15]]'''<ref group="note" name="Name">Youth League U15 was formerly known as "Nike Premier Cup".</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.footballcounter.com/2019/hero-junior-league-final-minerva-punjab-pip-bengaluru-fc-to-lift-title-for-the-4th-consecutive-year/|title=Hero Junior League final: Minerva Punjab pip Bengaluru FC to lift title for the 4th consecutive year|website=footballcounter.com|publisher=Football Counter|last=Shetty|first=Chittu|date=29 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225113839/https://www.footballcounter.com/2019/hero-junior-league-final-minerva-punjab-pip-bengaluru-fc-to-lift-title-for-the-4th-consecutive-year/|archive-date=25 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay?newsID=639033|title=I-League club Minerva renamed as Punjab Football Club|date=30 October 2019|access-date=26 August 2020|website=daijiworld.com|publisher=Daiji World|location=Mangalore|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522144156/https://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay?newsID=639033|archive-date=22 May 2023}}</ref>
**Champions (4): 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19
*'''[[Youth League (India)#Under-13 level|Youth League U13]]'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/u13-youth-i-league-minerva-punjab-india/1jgi233t1oo5c1iv4q628bpnfz|title=Minerva Punjab win U-13 Youth League title|date=8 May 2018|access-date=22 May 2023|work=Goal.com|first=Swapnaneel|last=Parasar|archive-date=29 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629174955/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/u13-youth-i-league-minerva-punjab-india/1jgi233t1oo5c1iv4q628bpnfz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/minerva-academy-fc-emerge-aiff-sub-junior-league-2023-24-champions|title=Minerva Academy FC emerge AIFF Sub-Junior League 2023–24 champions|date=24 May 2024|access-date=28 May 2024|work=the-aiff.com|archive-date=24 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524235840/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/minerva-academy-fc-emerge-aiff-sub-junior-league-2023-24-champions}}</ref>
**Champions (3): 2017–18, 2023–24, 2024–25
*'''Punjab State Youth League'''
**Champions (1): 2021–22<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1505118151545016321 |date=19 June 2022 |access-date=2022-06-19 |website=Twitter |language=en |title=WHO ARE WE ⁉️ The Champions of 3rd JCT PUNJAB YOUTH LEAGUE! 🤩🔥 |archive-date=19 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619091203/https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1505118151545016321 }}</ref>
*'''[[Subroto Cup]]''' (sub-junior)
**Champions (1): 2023,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1711713962708828318|title=Adding another star to our collection! 🌟🏆|website=Twitter.com (Minerva Academy FC official)|date=10 October 2023|access-date=10 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231010123603/https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1711713962708828318|archive-date=10 October 2023}}</ref> 2025<ref>{{Cite web |title=CISCE win Subroto Cup Sub Junior Boys title |url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/sports-news/cisce-win-subroto-cup-sub-junior-boys-title |date=12 September 2025 |website=The Sentinel |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250924145313/https://www.sentinelassam.com/sports-news/cisce-win-subroto-cup-sub-junior-boys-title |archive-date=24 September 2025 }}</ref>
*'''RFYS National Championship'''
**Champions (1): 2018<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rfyouthsports.com//football/news/national-championship-team-profile-minerva-public-school|title=National Championship Team Profile: Minerva Public School|date=24 December 2018|access-date=22 November 2022|website=rfyouthsports.com|publisher=Reliance Foundation Yluth Sports|archive-date=23 May 2023|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20230523070530/https://www.rfyouthsports.com//football/news/national-championship-team-profile-minerva-public-school|location=Mumbai}}</ref>
*'''Chandigarh U17 Youth Championship'''
**Champions (1): 2015<ref>{{cite web|url=https://i-league.org/minerva-academy-fc-lifts-u-17-chandigarh-championship/|title=Minerva Academy FC Lifts U-17 Chandigarh Championship|website=i-league.org|publisher=Hero I-League|date=13 November 2015|location=Chandigarh|access-date=23 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119033046/http://i-league.org/minerva-academy-fc-lifts-u-17-chandigarh-championship/|archive-date=19 November 2015}}</ref>
*'''All India Balachur Open Cup'''
**Champions (1): 2018<ref name="Silverware"/>
*'''Principal Harbhajan Singh Memorial Tournament''' (U17)
**Champions (1): 2022<ref>{{Cite web |title=👏🏽 We'ev brought home another silverware yesterday 🏆 Champione of 56th Principal Harbhajan Singh Memorial All-India Football Tournament ⚽️ |date=23 February 2018 |url=https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/966954783314759680 |access-date=2022-06-19 |website=Twitter |language=en |archive-date=19 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619113803/https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/966954783314759680 }}</ref>
*'''Administrator's U17 Challenge Cup'''
**Champions (1): 2018<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/administrators-cup-row-over-minervas-title-win-661483|title=Administrator's Cup: Row over Minerva's title win|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=Tribune News Service|first=Deepankar|last=Sharda|date=1 December 2018|location=Chandigarh|access-date=23 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523125846/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/administrators-cup-row-over-minervas-title-win-661483|archive-date=23 May 2023}}</ref>
*'''Namdhari Under-17 Football League'''
**Champions (1): 2021<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/u17-football-league-minerva-academy-fc-emerge-champions-101618168175662.html|title=U-17 football league: Minerva Academy FC emerge champions|website=hindustantimes.com|publisher=The Hindustan Times|date=12 April 2021|location=Mohali|access-date=23 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413022623/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/u17-football-league-minerva-academy-fc-emerge-champions-101618168175662.html|archive-date=13 April 2021}}</ref>
*'''CISCE Pre-Subroto Cup''' (U14)
**Champions (2): 2023 {{small|(North-India zone)}},<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1663149668379885570|title=Kudos to our U-14 boys for winning the North India Regional CISCE Pre-Subroto Cup 2023 hosted by Sant Baba Hari Singh Model School, Mahilpur.|website=Twitter.com (Minerva Academy FC official)|date=29 May 2023|access-date=29 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529141746/https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1663149668379885570|archive-date=29 May 2023}}</ref> 2023 {{small|(all-India)}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1680099541683412994|title=We are thankful to all media for the coverage of our "Young Warriors" wins in the recently concluded Pre-Subroto Cup tournament.|website=Twitter.com (Minerva Academy FC official)|date=15 July 2023|access-date=16 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716071944/https://twitter.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1680099541683412994|archive-date=16 July 2023}}</ref>

{{col-3}}
;International
*{{Flagicon|UAE}} '''[[Mina Cup]]''' (U12)
**Champions (1): 2022<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-13 |location=Chandigarh |title=Minerva Academy U-12 team wins Mina Cup 2022 in Dubai |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-academy-u-12-team-wins-mina-cup-2022-in-dubai-101649791930279.html |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=hindustantimes.com |publisher=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507224246/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-academy-u-12-team-wins-mina-cup-2022-in-dubai-101649791930279.html }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-12 |first=
Joseph |last=Biswas |title=Minerva Academy crowned 2022 Mina Cup champions |url=https://khelnow.com/football/mina-cup-2022-minerva-academy-la-liga-hpc-final-champions/ |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=Khel Now |language=en-US |archive-date=12 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220412173243/https://khelnow.com/football/mina-cup-2022-minerva-academy-la-liga-hpc-final-champions }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|SWE}} '''[[Gothia Cup]]'''
**Champions (2):
***2023 (U13),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/football/minerva-academy-fc-gothia-cup-b13-win-first-indian-team-to-win-title-8402377.html|title=Minerva Academy FC Create History With Gothia Cup B13 Triumph, Become First Indian Team to Win Title|first=Vivek|last=Ganapathy|date=22 July 2023|access-date=22 July 2023|website=News18.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230722185046/https://www.news18.com/football/minerva-academy-fc-gothia-cup-b13-win-first-indian-team-to-win-title-8402377.html|archive-date=22 July 2023}}</ref>
***2025 (U14)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/football/minerva-academy-crowned-u14-champions-gothia-cup-53923|title=Minerva Academy crowned U14 Champions at Gothia Cup|date=19 July 2025|access-date=19 July 2025|website=The Bridge|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719181847/https://thebridge.in/football/minerva-academy-crowned-u14-champions-gothia-cup-53923|archive-date=19 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://gothiacup.se/en/post/goal-galore-in-the-final-at-skf-arena|title=Goal galore in the final at SKF Arena|date=19 July 2025|access-date=19 July 2025|website=gothiacup.se|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719182235/https://gothiacup.se/en/post/goal-galore-in-the-final-at-skf-arena|archive-date=19 July 2025}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|DEN}} '''[[Dana Cup]]''' (U14)
**Champions (1): 2025<ref>{{cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-minerva-academy-fc-crowned-the-champions-of-dana-cup-202507|title=Minerva Academy FC crowned champions of Dana Cup|work=Khel Now|access-date=27 July 2025|date=25 July 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250727054426/https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-minerva-academy-fc-crowned-the-champions-of-dana-cup-202507|first1=Saikat|last1=Sengupta|archive-date=27 July 2025}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|NOR}} '''[[Norway Cup]]''' (U14)
**Champions (1): 2025<ref name="Norway Cup">{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-academy-fc-lifts-u-14-norway-cup-101754080079603.html|title=Minerva Academy FC lifts U-14 Norway Cup|work=Hindustan Times|access-date=2 August 2025|date=2 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250802053144/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-academy-fc-lifts-u-14-norway-cup-101754080079603.html|location=Chandigarh|archive-date=2 August 2025}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|FIN}} '''[[Helsinki Cup]]''' (U14)
**Runners-up (1): 2025<ref name="Helsinki">{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sports/minerva-narrowly-fell-short-in-final-but-won-hearts-with-historic-helsinki-cup-campaign/|title=Minerva narrowly fell short in final, but won hearts with historic Helsinki Cup campaign|date=13 July 2025|access-date=13 July 2025|website=tribuneindia.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250713140557/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sports/minerva-narrowly-fell-short-in-final-but-won-hearts-with-historic-helsinki-cup-campaign/|archive-date=13 July 2025}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|SPA}} '''[[Mediterranean International Cup]]''' (U15)
**Quarterfinalists (1): 2026<ref name="Mediterranean International Cup">{{cite web|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/sports/indias-minerva-academy-fc-make-history-with-6-0-win-over-liverpool-fc-bow-out-in-quarters-1503577947.html/amp|title=India’s Minerva Academy FC make history with 6-0 win over Liverpool FC, bow out in quarters|work=The Statesman|access-date=4 April 2026|date=4 April 2026}}</ref>
{{col-3}}
[[File:Anthony Andrews after clinching the Youth I-league.jpg|thumb|Club's U13 players in celebration after clinching the 2017–18 [[Youth League (India)#Under-13 level|Youth I-League]].]]
{{col-end}}

===Futsal===
*'''[[Futsal Club Championship|Hero Futsal Club Championship]]'''
**Champions (1): [[2022–23 Futsal Club Championship|2022–23]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-academy-pockets-11th-national-title-101676931512816.html|title=Minerva Academy pockets 11th national title|date=21 February 2023|access-date=23 March 2023|website=hindustantimes.com|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]|location=Chandigarh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221075005/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-academy-pockets-11th-national-title-101676931512816.html|archive-date=21 February 2023}}</ref>
*'''Punjab Futsal Club Championship'''
**Champions (2): 2023,<ref name="Khaskhabar">{{cite web|url=https://www.khaskhabar.com/local/chandigarh-ut/chandigarh-ut-news/sports-news-minerva-football-club-fc-becomes-champion-in-punjab-state-futsal-news-hindi-1-609348-KKN.html|title=मिनर्वा फुटबॉल क्लब एफसी पंजाब स्टेट फुटसल में चैम्पियन बना|date=30 December 2023|access-date=26 September 2023|website=khaskhabar.com|location=Chandigarh|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126030325/https://www.khaskhabar.com/local/chandigarh-ut/chandigarh-ut-news/sports-news-minerva-football-club-fc-becomes-champion-in-punjab-state-futsal-news-hindi-1-609348-KKN.html|archive-date=26 January 2024|trans-title=Minerva Football Club FC became champion in Punjab State Futsal|language=hi}}</ref> 2024<ref>{{cite web|url=https://x.com/minervapunjabfc/status/1815006305926697363|title=𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐀𝐠𝐚𝐢𝐧 ✨✨🏆 :: We have successfully defended our title as 3rd Punjab State Futsal League champions. 🏆🥇|work=x.com (@minervapunjabfc)|date=21 July 2024|access-date=21 July 2024|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/Ej5Rs|archive-date=21 July 2024}}</ref>

===Cricket===
*'''JP Atray Cricket Trophy'''
**Champions (2): 2005,<ref name="Cricket 2005"/> 2025<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-academy-cricket-club-clinches-jp-atray-title-101759179240327.html|title=Minerva Academy Cricket Club clinches JP Atray title|location=Chandigarh|work=The Hindustan Times|date=30 September 2025|access-date=30 September 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250930133812/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/minerva-academy-cricket-club-clinches-jp-atray-title-101759179240327.html|archive-date=30 September 2025}}</ref>
**Runners-up (1): 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/news-detail-729578|title=Manish helps FCI lift JP Atray trophy|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=The Tribune India|location=Chandigarh|date=16 February 2019|access-date=10 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213055110/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/news-detail-729578|archive-date=13 February 2024}}</ref>
*'''Chandigarh One-day Open Cricket Tournament'''
**Champions (1): 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050623/cth2.htm#9|title=Minerva Academy win|location=Chandigarh|date=22 June 2005|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=Tribune News Service|access-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926130905/https://m.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050623/cth2.htm#9|archive-date=26 September 2023}}</ref>
*'''Amey Tripathi Cricket Championship'''
**Champions (1): 2016<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/minerva-win-amey-tripathi-tournament-344039|title=Minerva win Amey Tripathi tournament|location=Chandigarh|date=30 December 2016|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=Tribune News Service|access-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926124112/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/minerva-win-amey-tripathi-tournament-344039|archive-date=26 September 2023}}</ref>
*'''Uttrakhand Gold Cup'''
**Champions (1): 2016<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiansportsnews.com/cricket-news/39794-minerva-academy-cricket-club-win-uttrakhand-gold-cup-2016|title=Minerva Academy Cricket Club win Uttrakhand Gold Cup 2016|location=New Delhi|first=Poosalra|last=Chandra Varun|date=15 June 2016|website=indiansportsnews.com|access-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219204104/http://www.indiansportsnews.com/cricket-news/39794-minerva-academy-cricket-club-win-uttrakhand-gold-cup-2016|archive-date=19 February 2020}}</ref>

==Notable players==


===Past and present internationals===
The following Minerva Academy/Minerva Punjab players have been capped at ''[[National sports team#Individual selection and participation|full international level]]''. Years in brackets indicate their spells at the club.

'''India'''
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Manvir Singh (footballer, born 1995)|Manvir Singh]] (2015–2016)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Top 5 Established Minerva Academy Graduates – Manvir Singh|work=IFTWC — Indian Football Team For World Cup|url=https://iftwc.com/top-5-established-minerva-academy-graduates/|access-date=2021-05-10|language=en-US|archive-date=10 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510142447/https://iftwc.com/top-5-established-minerva-academy-graduates/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Minerva Academy FC — Squad 2015/2016|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/te128232/punjab-fc/squad/|access-date=2021-05-10|website=worldfootball.net|language=en|archive-date=10 May 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510131709/https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/punjab-fc/2016/2/}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} Sukhwinder Singh (2015–2016)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/30161/Sukhwinder_Singh.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Singh, Sukhwinder|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122152655/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/30161/Sukhwinder_Singh.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} Jagpreet Singh (2016)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/42686/Jagpreet_Singh.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Singh, Jagpreet|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=27 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227103451/http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/42686/Jagpreet_Singh.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Clifford Miranda]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/12941/Clifford_Miranda_Rayes.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Miranda, Clifford|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=2 February 2023|archive-date=7 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807231250/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/12941/Clifford_Miranda_Rayes.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Germanpreet Singh]] (2016–2017)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/64924/Germanpreet_Singh.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Singh, Germanpreet|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=5 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005121423/http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/64924/Germanpreet_Singh.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Anirudh Thapa]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|title=Anirudh Thapa signs for Minerva Punjab|url=https://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2016/12/28/30918282/i-league-2016-17-minerva-punjab-fc-sign-chennaiyin-fc-trio|website=Goal.com|date=27 December 2016|access-date=24 December 2020|archive-date=3 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203003223/https://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2016/12/28/30918282/i-league-2016-17-minerva-punjab-fc-sign-chennaiyin-fc-trio}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Anirudh Thapa's first goal for Minerva Punjab|url=https://scroll.in/field/828534/i-league-minerva-punjab-beat-mumbai-fc-2-1-to-register-first-ever-win-in-top-flight|website=Scroll.in|date=4 February 2017|access-date=24 December 2020|archive-date=3 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003041356/https://scroll.in/field/828534/i-league-minerva-punjab-beat-mumbai-fc-2-1-to-register-first-ever-win-in-top-flight}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Jewel Raja]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/42688/Jewel_Raja_Shaikh.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Jewel Raja Shaikh|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=28 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928085031/http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/42688/Jewel_Raja_Shaikh.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Gurjinder Kumar]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/46744/Gurjinder_Kumar.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Kumar, Gurjinder|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=1 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201162947/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/46744/Gurjinder_Kumar.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Davinder Singh (footballer)|Davinder Singh]] (2017)<ref>{{cite news|last1=V Easwar|first1=Nisanth|title=From University Team to Indian National Team — Davinder Singh Is a Proud Punjabi Living His Dream|url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/from-university-team-to-indian-national-team-davinder-singh/w3xdzayi5ywy1pcm43f12unxi|accessdate=5 December 2017|work=Goal.com|date=13 August 2017|archive-date=25 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625210557/https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/from-university-team-to-indian-national-team-davinder-singh/w3xdzayi5ywy1pcm43f12unxi}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/71938/Davinder_Singh.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Singh, Davinder|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=3 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003110635/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/71938/Davinder_Singh.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Vinit Rai]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/64927/Vinit_Rai.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Rai, Vinit|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=5 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005114611/http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/64927/Vinit_Rai.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Aakash Sangwan]] (2017–2019)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/95995/Aakash_Sangwan.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Aakash Sangwan|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=26 February 2023|archive-date=6 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250406155544/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/95995/Aakash_Sangwan.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Manandeep Singh]] (2017; 2018–2019)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/46672/Manandeep_Singh.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Singh, Manandeep|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=31 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731112139/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/46672/Manandeep_Singh.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Jeakson Singh]] (2017–2018)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Top 5 Established Minerva Academy Graduates – Jeakdon Singh|work=IFTWC — Indian Football Team For World Cup|url=https://iftwc.com/top-5-established-minerva-academy-graduates/3/|access-date=2021-05-10|language=en-US|archive-date=5 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205143112/https://iftwc.com/top-5-established-minerva-academy-graduates/3/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Jackson Singh – India U17 team's Manipuri midfield destroyer who croons in Punjabi|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/jeakson-singh-india-u17-world-cup-team-destroyer-midfield/y6s83ggg6iik1tpaf5twly2gf|website=Goal.com|access-date=22 May 2020|archive-date=6 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006113734/http://www.goal.com/en/news/jeakson-singh-india-u17-world-cup-team-destroyer-midfield/y6s83ggg6iik1tpaf5twly2gf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Who is Jeakson Singh — India's first-ever goalscorer in a World Cup |url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/who-is-jeakson-singh-indias-first-ever-goalscorer-in-a-world/1vpvkkjksm1za1csiw5mmpcsm8|website=Goal.com|language=en|access-date=22 May 2020|archive-date=27 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627070949/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/who-is-jeakson-singh-indias-first-ever-goalscorer-in-a-world/1vpvkkjksm1za1csiw5mmpcsm8}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Anwar Ali (footballer, born 2000)|Anwar Ali Jr.]] (2017–2018)<ref>{{cite web|first=Sudipto|last=Mullick|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/fifa-u-17-world-cup-india-2017-indian-full-back-anwar-ali-s-journey-from-a-small-town-boy-to-the-big-pitch|title=FIFA U-17 World Cup: How defender Anwar Ali went from being a small-town boy to making India dream|date=3 August 2017|website=Sportskeeda|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=10 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110114559/https://www.sportskeeda.com/amp/football/fifa-u-17-world-cup-india-2017-indian-full-back-anwar-ali-s-journey-from-a-small-town-boy-to-the-big-pitch}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Mihir|last=Vasavda|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/football-star-anwar-ali-career-on-pause-family-faces-tough-medical-call-6580904/lite/|title=Football star Anwar's career on pause, his family faces tough medical call|date=3 September 2020|publisher=The Indian Express|access-date=10 January 2022|archive-date=11 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111065406/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/football-star-anwar-ali-career-on-pause-family-faces-tough-medical-call-6580904/lite/}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Hormipam Ruivah]] (2018–2020)<ref>{{Cite web |title=I hope to have a long footballing career: Kerala Blasters FC defender Ruivah Hormipam |url=https://www.indiansuperleague.com/news/i-hope-to-have-a-long-footballing-career-kerala-blasters-fc-defender-ruivah-hormipam |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=Indian Super League |language=en |archive-date=2 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302075920/https://www.indiansuperleague.com/news/i-hope-to-have-a-long-footballing-career-kerala-blasters-fc-defender-ruivah-hormipam }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Huileng|first=Reisang Madridista|title=Destine For Greatness: The Rise Of Hormipam Ruivah|work=IFTWC – Indian Football Team For World Cup|date=21 April 2020|url=https://iftwc.com/destine-for-greatness-the-rise-of-hormipam-ruivah/|access-date=2021-06-18|language=en-US|archive-date=23 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623023926/https://iftwc.com/destine-for-greatness-the-rise-of-hormipam-ruivah/}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Anwar Ali (footballer, born 1984)|Anwar Ali]] (2019–2020)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/27486/Anwar_Ali.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Anwar Ali|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=26 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226230940/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/27486/Anwar_Ali.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

'''Asia (AFC)'''
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* {{flagicon|GUM}} [[Marcus Lopez]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/47968/Marcus_Lopez.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Lopez, Marcus|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 January 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227075437/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/47968/Marcus_Lopez.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|KGZ}} [[Ivan Filatov]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/53982/Ivan_Filatov.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Filatov, Ivan|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 November 2022|archive-date=25 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525070117/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/53982/Ivan_Filatov.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url= https://khelnow.com/news/article/mohun_bagan_steamroll_minerva_in_i_league | title= Mohun Bagan steamroll Minerva in I-League | publisher= Khel Now |website=khelnow.com | access-date= 18 January 2017 | archive-date= 18 January 2017 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170118220155/https://khelnow.com/news/article/mohun_bagan_steamroll_minerva_in_i_league }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|BHU}} [[Chencho Gyeltshen]] (2017–2018)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/football/roundglass-punjab-fc-signs-bhutanese-international-chencho-gyeltshen-38738|title=RoundGlass Punjab FC signs Bhutanese international Chencho Gyeltshen|date=13 January 2023|archive-date=14 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114160351/https://thebridge.in/football/roundglass-punjab-fc-signs-bhutanese-international-chencho-gyeltshen-38738|access-date=14 January 2023}}</ref><ref>
*{{Cite web|title=Chencho Gyeltshen signs for Punjab Football Club from Paro FC|url=http://www.bbs.bt/news/?p=137864|date=22 October 2020|access-date=31 August 2021|website=BBS – The Bhutanese Expression|archive-date=31 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831163536/http://www.bbs.bt/news/?p=137864}}
*{{cite web
| title = Soccerway — Squad: Minerva Punjab FC
| url = https://int.soccerway.com/teams/india/india-minerva-fc/35319/squad/
| website = int.soccerway.com
| access-date = 11 December 2017
| archive-date = 2 September 2018
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180902223601/https://int.soccerway.com/teams/india/india-minerva-fc/35319/squad/ }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|NEP}} [[Kiran Chemjong]] (2018; 2019–2020)<ref name="2022–23">{{cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/football/i-league-2022-23-roundglass-punjab-fc-sign-luka-majcen-kiran-limbu-official|title=RoundGlass Punjab sign Kiran Limbu, Luka Majcen for I-League 2022–23 season {{!}} The Warriors have also added experienced defender Aleksandar Ignjatovic to the roster.|website=khelnow.com|publisher=Khel Now|date=23 September 2022|access-date=26 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924002048/https://khelnow.com/football/i-league-2022-23-roundglass-punjab-fc-sign-luka-majcen-kiran-limbu-official|archive-date=24 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/39267/Kiran_Chemjong.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Chemjong, Kiran|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=2 February 2023|archive-date=30 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130144540/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/39267/Kiran_Chemjong.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|SYR}} [[Mahmoud Amnah]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/6465/Mahmoud_Al_Amenah.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Amnah, Mahamoud Al|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 January 2018|archive-date=16 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816070405/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/6465/Mahmoud_Al_Amenah.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|MDV}} [[Ali Ashfaq]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://everythingforfootball.in/player/ali-ashfaq/|title=Player profile – Transfer History: Ali Ashfaq|website=everythingforfootball.in|publisher=Everything For Football|access-date=9 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220209050225/https://everythingforfootball.in/player/ali-ashfaq/|archive-date=9 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sofascore.com/player/ali-ashfaq/810822|title=Player profile – Transfer History: Ali Ashfaq|website=sofascore.com|publisher=Sofascore|access-date=26 January 2023|archive-date=1 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801112214/https://www.sofascore.com/player/ali-ashfaq/810822}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

'''Africa (CAF)'''
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* {{flagicon|RWA}} [[Aimable Nsabimana]] (2018)<ref>{{cite web|title=Nsabimana off to India for Pro move to Minerva Punjab|url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/sports/nsabimana-india-pro-move-minerva-punjab|work=newtimes.co.rw|date=3 September 2018|first=Damas|last=Sikubwabo|access-date=8 September 2018|archive-date=8 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908202502/https://www.newtimes.co.rw/sports/nsabimana-india-pro-move-minerva-punjab}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|SEN}} [[Papa Niang]] (2018)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe147960/papa-niang/|title=Player profile – Career statistics: Papa Niang|website=worldfootball.net|access-date=2 February 2021|archive-date=24 January 2022|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124153424/https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/papa-niang/}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|LBR}} [[Teah Dennis Jr.]] (2019–2020)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/42825/Teah_Dennis.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Dennis Jr, Teah|website=National-Football-Teams.com|access-date=23 October 2018|archive-date=24 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024035209/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/42825/Teah_Dennis.html}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

'''North America (CONCACAF)'''
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* {{flagicon|TRI}} [[Robert Primus]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/30363/Robert_Primus.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Primus, Robert|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 May 2018|archive-date=3 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303150957/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/30363/Robert_Primus.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|VIN}} [[Cornelius Stewart]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web|first=Avik|last=Roy|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/i-league-transfer-news-cornelius-stewart-signs-for-minerva-punjab-collin-abranches-to-gokulam-kerala|title=I-League Transfer news: Cornelius Stewart signs for Minerva Punjab, Collin Abranches moves to Gokulam Kerala|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=Sportskeeda|date=26 January 2019|access-date=26 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205181150/https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/i-league-transfer-news-cornelius-stewart-signs-for-minerva-punjab-collin-abranches-to-gokulam-kerala|archive-date=5 December 2020}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

===Other foreign players===
''All the players below, appeared in [[I-League]], representing the club.''
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* {{flagicon|BLR}} [[Dzmitry Kowb]] (2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/minerva-sign-dzmitry-kowb-472556|title=Minerva sign Dzmitry Kowb|archive-date=28 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128052556/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/minerva-sign-dzmitry-kowb-472556|location=Chandigarh|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=The Tribune India|date=25 September 2017|access-date=28 November 2023}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|SEN}} [[Kassim Aidara]] (2017–2018)<ref>{{cite web|title=Minerva Punjab FC sign Dano, Aidara|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/minerva-punjab-fc-sign-dano-aidara-4873434/|publisher=The Indian Express|access-date=25 November 2017|date=4 October 2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201031913/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/minerva-punjab-fc-sign-dano-aidara-4873434/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=I-League 2017/18: Minerva Punjab 1–1 Mohun Bagan: Late equaliser stuns Mariners in season opener|url=https://au.sports.yahoo.com/a/38008489/i-league-2017-18-minerva-punjab-1-1-mohun-bagan-late-equaliser-stuns-mariners-in-season-opener/|publisher=Yahoo Sports|access-date=25 November 2017|date=25 November 2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043458/https://au.sports.yahoo.com/a/38008489/i-league-2017-18-minerva-punjab-1-1-mohun-bagan-late-equaliser-stuns-mariners-in-season-opener/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=I-League 2017: Minerva stage comeback to topple Chennai City|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/football/i-league-2017-minerva-stage-comeback-to-topple-chennai-city201712120942090002/|publisher=ANI News|access-date=12 December 2017|date=12 December 2017|archive-date=12 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212070715/https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/football/i-league-2017-minerva-stage-comeback-to-topple-chennai-city201712120942090002/}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|GHA}} [[William Opoku]] (2017–2019)<ref>{{cite news|title=Minerva Punjab FC on a signing spree, rope in talented foreigner from Middlesbrough|url=http://minervapunjabfc.com/like-weve-given-chance-play-world-cup-ranjit-bajaj/|access-date=16 November 2017|work=Minerva Punjab FC|date=26 September 2017|archive-date=22 September 2018|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922232239/http://minervapunjabfc.com/like-weve-given-chance-play-world-cup-ranjit-bajaj/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Levadiast lahkunud ghanalane läks koos Kovbiga Indiasse|url=http://sport.err.ee/632781/levadiast-lahkunud-ghanalane-laks-koos-kovbiga-indiasse|access-date=16 November 2017|work=Eesti Rahvusringhääling|date=27 September 2017|archive-date=17 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117002420/http://sport.err.ee/632781/levadiast-lahkunud-ghanalane-laks-koos-kovbiga-indiasse}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Minerva Punjab FC trash Dalbir FA 3–0 in Punjab Football League|url=http://minervapunjabfc.com/minerva-punjab-fc-trash-dalbir-fa-3-0-punjab-football-league/|access-date=16 November 2017|work=Minerva Punjab FC|date=3 October 2017|archive-date=22 September 2018|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922173710/http://minervapunjabfc.com/minerva-punjab-fc-trash-dalbir-fa-3-0-punjab-football-league/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=WILLIAM OPOKU EXTENDS HIS STAY WITH THE WARRIORS|url=http://minervapunjabfc.com/william-opoku-extends-stay-warriors/|work=minervapunjabfc. com|access-date=22 September 2018|archive-date=22 September 2018|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922232242/http://minervapunjabfc.com/william-opoku-extends-stay-warriors/}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|JPN}} Yu Kuboki (2018)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/i-league-2018-19-churchill-brothers-minerva-punjab-anthony-wolfe-vasco-da-gama/article25921054.ece/|title=I-League: Anthony Wolfe stars in Churchill Brothers' win over Minerva Punjab|website=sportstar.thehindu.com|publisher=[[Sportstar]]|date=5 January 2019|access-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210904111544/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/i-league-2018-19-churchill-brothers-minerva-punjab-anthony-wolfe-vasco-da-gama/article25921054.ece|archive-date=4 September 2021}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|NGA}} [[Philip Njoku]] (2018–2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/minerva-punjab-signs-nigerian-midfielder-philip-njoku/19r4xi7kmpi761rn6ujbesdv45|title=I-league 2018/19: Minerva Punjab signs Nigerian midfielder Philip Njoku|date=3 August 2018|accessdate=26 September 2018|author=Soham Mukherjee|publisher=Goal.com|archive-date=3 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803074514/http://www.goal.com/en-gb/news/minerva-punjab-signs-nigerian-midfielder-philip-njoku/19r4xi7kmpi761rn6ujbesdv45}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|CIV}} [[Lancine Touré]] (2018–2019)<ref>{{cite web|title=MINERVA PUNJAB FC SNAP CÔTE D'IVOIRE DEFENDER LANCINE TOURÉ FOR THE UPCOMING SEASON.|url=http://minervapunjabfc.com/minerva-punjab-fc-snap-cote-divoire-defender-lancine-toure-upcoming-season/|work=minervapunjabfc.com|accessdate=27 October 2018|archive-date=29 October 2018|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181029084542/http://minervapunjabfc.com/minerva-punjab-fc-snap-cote-divoire-defender-lancine-toure-upcoming-season/}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|COL}} [[Jorge Caceido]] (2018–2019)<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Sportstar]]|title=I-League 2018: Minerva Punjab signs Colombian defender Caicedo|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/ileague-2018-minerva-punjab-fc-jorge-ivan-caicedo-rodriguez-el-kaiser-madivian-premier-league/article25604460.ece|website=sportstar.thehindu.com|date=27 November 2018|access-date=12 July 2019|archive-date=12 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190712152334/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/ileague-2018-minerva-punjab-fc-jorge-ivan-caicedo-rodriguez-el-kaiser-madivian-premier-league/article25604460.ece}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|GAM}} [[Dawda Ceesay]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/indian-football-transfers-minerva-punjab-fc-rope-in-gambian-midfielder-dawda-ceesay|title=Indian Football Transfers: Minerva Punjab FC rope in Gambian midfielder Dawda Ceesay|archive-date=29 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241229054652/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/indian-football-transfers-minerva-punjab-fc-rope-in-gambian-midfielder-dawda-ceesay|website=Sportskeeda|date=18 July 2019|access-date=28 January 2025|first1=Sounak|last1=Mullick}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|UKR}} [[Roland Bilala]] (2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.talksports24x7.com/2019/02/09/know-which-foreign-players-minerva-punjab-have-registered-for-the-afc-competition/|title=Know Which Foreign Players Minerva Punjab Have Registered For The AFC Competition|website=talksports24x7.com|access-date=12 March 2021|archive-date=20 January 2021|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120183933/https://www.talksports24x7.com/2019/02/09/know-which-foreign-players-minerva-punjab-have-registered-for-the-afc-competition/}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Juan Quero]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/i-league-juan-quero-barrasos-strike-helps-minerva-punjab-secure-1-0-win-over-neroca-fc-5598030/|agency=PTI|date=23 February 2019|access-date=26 January 2024|title=I-League: Juan Quero Barraso's strike helps Minerva Punjab secure 1–0 win over Neroca FC|work=The Indian Express|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228132135/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/i-league-juan-quero-barrasos-strike-helps-minerva-punjab-secure-1-0-win-over-neroca-fc-5598030/|archive-date=28 February 2019}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|GHA}} [[Kalif Alhassan]] (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ghanasoccernet.com/indian-i-league-champions-minerva-punjab-fc-sign-kalif-alhassan|title=Indian I-League champions Minerva Punjab FC sign Kalif Alhassan|website=ghanasoccernet.com|publisher=Ghana Soccer Network|date=11 February 2019|access-date=26 December 2023|archive-date=7 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107231954/https://ghanasoccernet.com/indian-i-league-champions-minerva-punjab-fc-sign-kalif-alhassan}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Sérgio Barboza|Sérgio Barboza Júnior]] (2019–2020)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/punjab-fc-thrash-reigning-i-league-champions-chennai-city-fc/1wjdnddosblm215gk9vuxwwsbk|title=Punjab FC thrash reigning I-League champions Chennai City FC 3–1|access-date=2020-04-09|language=en|website=Goal.com|date=December 12, 2019|archive-date=28 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128054605/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/punjab-fc-thrash-reigning-i-league-champions-chennai-city-fc/1wjdnddosblm215gk9vuxwwsbk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/aizawl-v-punjab/cem0o5irsbxfmc6nmagit4mzu|title=Aizawl FC, Punjab FC share the spoils in a six-goal thriller|access-date=2020-04-09|language=en|website=Goal.com|date=December 20, 2019|archive-date=28 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128054725/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/aizawl-v-punjab/cem0o5irsbxfmc6nmagit4mzu}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|CMR}} [[Aser Pierrick Dipanda]] (2019–2020)<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://xtratime.in/minerva-punjab-strengthens-their-squad-by-signing-former-mohun-bagan-forward/|title = Minerva Punjab strengthens their squad by signing former Mohun Bagan forward | XtraTime | to get the best and exclusive sporting news, keep watching |work = XtraTime.in |date = 27 September 2019|access-date = 28 September 2019|archive-date = 28 September 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190928173838/https://xtratime.in/minerva-punjab-strengthens-their-squad-by-signing-former-mohun-bagan-forward/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/punjab-v-gokulam/8xaea6zmtoazduredia0alai2|title=I-League 2019–20: Aser Dipanda brace helps Punjab FC sink Gokulam Kerala|access-date=2020-04-09|language=en|website=Goal.com|date=December 20, 2019|archive-date=3 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103055435/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/punjab-v-gokulam/8xaea6zmtoazduredia0alai2}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Jay Hart (footballer)|Jay Hart]] (2019–2020)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/ileague-2019-20-minerva-punjab-chennai-city-match-report-dipanda-dicka-thoiba-singh-sergio-barboza/article30268026.ece|title=I-League: Second-half blitzkrieg helps Punjab down champion Chennai City|work=sportstar.thehindu.com|date=10 December 2019|agency=PTI|access-date=26 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920033841/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/ileague-2019-20-minerva-punjab-chennai-city-match-report-dipanda-dicka-thoiba-singh-sergio-barboza/article30268026.ece|archive-date=20 September 2021}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|BRA}} [[Danilo Quipapá]] (2019–2021)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iftwc.com/heres-how-the-warriors-minerva-punjab-are-preparing-for-upcoming-i-league-season/|title=Here's How 'The Warriors – Minerva Punjab' are preparing for upcoming I-League season|website=iftwc.com|publisher=IFTWC – Indian Football Team for World Cup|first1=Shreyash|last1=Ingale|date=12 October 2019|access-date=28 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224181132/https://iftwc.com/heres-how-the-warriors-minerva-punjab-are-preparing-for-upcoming-i-league-season/|archive-date=24 December 2019}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

==Affiliations & partnerships==

''The following clubs/academies are/were affiliated with Minerva Academy FC:''

'''Club'''
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Techtro Swades United FC|Techtro Swades United]] (2020–)<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 August 2020|title=Techtro & Ranjit Bajaj launch Techtro Swades United to develop Himachal Pradesh football!|url=http://www.arunfoot.com/techtro-ranjit-bajaj-launch-techtro-swades-united-to-develop-himachal-pradesh-football/|access-date=3 November 2020|website=arunfoot.com|language=en-GB|archive-date=19 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019212742/http://www.arunfoot.com/techtro-ranjit-bajaj-launch-techtro-swades-united-to-develop-himachal-pradesh-football/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=31 August 2020|title=Techtro And Ranjit Bajaj Launches 'Techtro Swades United' Football Club|url=https://www.transcontinentaltimes.com/techtro-and-ranjit-bajaj-launches-techtro-swades-united-football-club.html|access-date=3 November 2020|website=transcontinentaltimes.com|publisher=Transcontinental Times|language=en-US|archive-date=27 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027142631/https://www.transcontinentaltimes.com/techtro-and-ranjit-bajaj-launches-techtro-swades-united-football-club.html}}</ref>
* {{Flagicon|IND}} [[Delhi FC]] (2020–)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-10|title=Minerva Academy Owns 90 Per Cent Stake in Delhi FC: Details of the Takeover|url=https://www.news18.com/news/football/minerva-academy-owns-90-per-cent-stake-in-delhi-fc-details-of-the-takeover-2771935.html|access-date=2021-07-24|website=news18.com|publisher=News18 Sports|language=en|archive-date=14 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714105404/https://www.news18.com/news/football/minerva-academy-owns-90-per-cent-stake-in-delhi-fc-details-of-the-takeover-2771935.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=6 August 2020|title=Minerva Academy enters into partnership with Delhi FC|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/minerva-academy-enters-into-partnership-with-delhi-fc/articleshow/77395268.cms|access-date=2021-07-24|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en|archive-date=26 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726063740/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/minerva-academy-enters-into-partnership-with-delhi-fc/articleshow/77395268.cms|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|location=New Delhi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ABOUT DELHI FOOTBALL CLUB — History — Ownership|url=http://delhifootballclub.com/about-delhi-football-club-delhifc-dfc/ |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=delhifootballclub.com |language=en-US |archive-date=6 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306121655/http://delhifootballclub.com/about-delhi-football-club-delhifc-dfc/ }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Techtro Lucknow FC|Techtro Lucknow]] (2020–)<ref>{{Cite web |first=Akshat |last=Sinha |title=Techtro FC: One man's dream to change Indian Football |url=https://www.theturffootball.com/articles/techtro-fc-one-man-dream-to-change-indian-football/ |access-date=2022-06-04 |website=theturffootball.com |archive-date=5 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105175901/https://www.theturffootball.com/articles/techtro-fc-one-man-dream-to-change-indian-football/ |date=6 July 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-01 |title=TECHTRO FOOTBALL CLUB TO FACE THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE!!|work=IFTWC – Indian Football Team For World Cup |url=https://iftwc.com/techtro-football-club-to-face-the-biggest-challenge/ |access-date=2022-06-04 |language=en-US |archive-date=19 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519061723/https://iftwc.com/techtro-football-club-to-face-the-biggest-challenge/ }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|GER}} [[Borussia Mönchengladbach]] (2019–2020)<ref name="MoU">{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/minerva-punjab-borussia-monchengladbach-partnership-mou-bundesliga-i-league/article26163018.ece|title=Minerva Punjab signs MoU with Bundesliga club Borussia Monchengladbach|location=Delhi|date=2 February 2019|access-date=26 November 2022|website=sportstar.thehindu.com|publisher=[[Sportstar]]|first=Hanu|last=Trivedi|archive-date=29 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729053159/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/minerva-punjab-borussia-monchengladbach-partnership-mou-bundesliga-i-league/article26163018.ece}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/10-partnerships-between-indian-and-european-football-clubs-which-broke-down|title=10 Partnerships between Indian and European football clubs which broke down|date=28 June 2019|access-date=15 January 2022|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=[[Sportskeeda]]|first1=Abhishek|last1=Kundu|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231229133036/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/10-partnerships-between-indian-and-european-football-clubs-which-broke-down|archive-date=29 December 2023}}</ref>

'''Academy'''
* {{flagicon|IND}} Chandigarh Football Academy (2015–)<ref>{{cite news|last1=Selvaraj|first1=Jonathan|title=How 14,000 became 21: The story of India's history boys|url=http://www.espn.in/football/u-17-world-cup/story/3218395/how-14,000-became-21-the-story-of-indias-history-boys|access-date=29 November 2017|work=ESPN.in|date=3 October 2017|archive-date=10 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110234754/https://www.espn.in/football/u-17-world-cup/story/3218395/how-14,000-became-21-the-story-of-indias-history-boys}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} Kick Football Academy (2019–)<ref>{{Cite web|date=6 September 2019|title=Minerva Punjab affiliated First Kick Football Academy to offer grassroots training in Mumbai|url=https://www.footballcounter.com/2019/minerva-punjab-affiliated-first-kick-football-academy-to-offer-grassroots-training-in-mumbai/|access-date=27 September 2019|website=footballcounter.com|publisher=Football Counter|language=en|archive-date=14 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814133144/https://www.footballcounter.com/2019/minerva-punjab-affiliated-first-kick-football-academy-to-offer-grassroots-training-in-mumbai/|location=Mumbai}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} Poirei Lamdam Football Academy (2022–)<ref>{{Cite web|date=22 May 2022|title=Minerva FC signs MoU with Thoubal academy|agency=Chronicle News Service|url=https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=Sport6..230522.may22|access-date=28 September 2024|website=E-Pao|language=en|archive-date=15 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615195838/https://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=Sport6..230522.may22}}</ref>

==Footnotes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==See also==
{{Portal bar|India|Association football|Cricket|Sports}}
* [[List of football clubs in India|List of football clubs in Punjab]]
* [[Indian football clubs in Asian competitions]]
* [[Punjabi sports (India)|Sports in the Indian state of Punjab]]
* [[Delhi Football League|Delhi Premier League]]

==References==
'''Cited sources'''
{{reflist}}

{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
'''Bibliography'''
*{{Cite book |title=THE BEST WAY FORWARD FOR INDIA'S FOOTBALL |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KdH7DwAAQBAJ |first=S. S. |last=Shreekumar |date=15 August 2020 |publisher=HSRA Publications |isbn=9788194721697 |access-date=3 February 2023 |archive-date=4 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204051238/https://www.google.com/books/edition/THE_BEST_WAY_FORWARD/KdH7DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 }}
*{{cite book |title=India's Football Dream |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-V6HDwAAQBAJ&q=national+association+manmatha+ganguly |publisher=SAGE Publications India |last1=Sharma |first1=Nikhil Paramjit |last2=Gupta |first2=Shantanu |date=4 February 2019 |access-date=4 October 2022 |archive-date=4 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004041830/https://books.google.com/books?id=-V6HDwAAQBAJ&dq=national+association+manmatha+ganguly&source=gbs_navlinks_s |isbn=9789353283063 }}

'''Further reading'''
*{{cite news|first=Jonathan|last=Selvaraj|title=Minerva give India another champion team from Punjab |url=http://www.espn.in/football/indian-i-league/story/3411481/minerva-punjab-win-historic-i-league-title|website=espn.in|publisher=[[ESPN]]|date=8 March 2018|access-date=5 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130142239/https://www.espn.in/football/indian-i-league/story/3411481/minerva-punjab-win-historic-i-league-title|archive-date=30 November 2021}}
*{{cite web |title=Khogen Singh quits I-League champions Minerva Punjab |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/khogen-singh-quits-i-league-champions-minerva-punjab/7rp1q4ij49kt1kkab5em7n2n4 |access-date=3 November 2018 |first=Soham |last=Mukherjee |work=Goal.com |date=22 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103132825/https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/khogen-singh-quits-i-league-champions-minerva-punjab/7rp1q4ij49kt1kkab5em7n2n4 |archive-date=3 November 2018}}
*{{cite web|title=I-League 2017: Minerva Punjab 0–0 Churchill Brothers – The Warriors notch first home point in dour draw|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/minerva-punjab-vs-churchill-brothers/2383764/report|website=Goal.com|access-date=28 November 2020|first=Anselm|last=Noronha|date=1 February 2017|archive-date=25 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725082212/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/punjab-fc-v-churchill-brothers/1i8awj1rscx995g5ehdspz2ll}}
*{{cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/football/wanted-a-document-that-gave-me-security-triman-ranvir-on-why-he-did-not-join-kerala-blasters-40899|title=Wanted a document that gave me security: Triman Ranvir on why he did not join Kerala Blasters|website=thebridge.in|publisher=The Bridge|date=31 March 2023|access-date=12 April 2023|first=Rajdeep|last=Saha|archive-date=10 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410205646/https://thebridge.in/football/wanted-a-document-that-gave-me-security-triman-ranvir-on-why-he-did-not-join-kerala-blasters-40899}}
*{{cite web|url=https://www.pixstory.com/story/belgian-footballer-triman-will-try-to-play-with-the-country-s-top-club-through-minerva-academy-tri/207774|title=Belgian footballer Triman will try to play with the country's top club through Minerva Academy|website=pixstory.com|publisher=Pixstory|date=29 March 2023|access-date=12 April 2023|location=Chandigarh|archive-date=12 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412155234/https://www.pixstory.com/story/belgian-footballer-triman-will-try-to-play-with-the-country-s-top-club-through-minerva-academy-tri/207774}}
*{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/minerva-ongc-in-football-final-547369|title=56th Principal Harbhajan Singh Memorial All-India Football Tournament — Minerva, ONGC in football final|date=21 February 2018|access-date=26 November 2020|location=Chandigarh|website=tribuneindia.com|publisher=The Tribune India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522144937/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/minerva-ongc-in-football-final-547369|archive-date=22 May 2023}}
*{{Cite web|title=I-League 2017: DSK Shivajians 4–4 Minerva Punjab FC: Spoils shared in eight goal thriller|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/shivajians-v-punjab-fc/360xhpndon9m840v9ky6ypre1|access-date=2021-04-02|website=goal.com|first1=Nikhil|last1=Jitendran|date=30 April 2017|archive-date=13 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713170032/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/shivajians-v-punjab-fc/360xhpndon9m840v9ky6ypre1}}
*{{cite news |url=https://www.espn.in/football/story/_/id/37612547/i-league-preview-second-division-not-league-matters |title=I-League preview: Second division or not, the I-League matters |first1=Anirudh |last1=Menon |publisher=ESPN |date=8 January 2021 |access-date=20 May 2023 |archive-date=23 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231123111933/https://www.espn.in/football/story/_/id/37612547/i-league-preview-second-division-not-league-matters }}
*{{cite web|first=Gokul|last=Manthara|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/playing-for-kerala-blasters-fc-is-a-dream-reveals-triman-ranveer/articleshow/99167046.cms|language=ml|title=കേരള ബ്ലാസ്റ്റേഴ്സിൽ കളിക്കുക എന്നത് വലിയ സ്വപ്നം, മനസ് തുറന്ന് ട്രിമൻ രൺവീർ|trans-title=Playing for Kerala Blasters is a big dream, open-minded Triman Ranveer|date=1 April 2023|access-date=12 April 2023|website=malayalam.samayam.com|publisher=Malayalam Samayam|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230402073647/https://malayalam.samayam.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/playing-for-kerala-blasters-fc-is-a-dream-reveals-triman-ranveer/articleshow/99167046.cms|archive-date=2 April 2023}}
*{{cite web|url=https://morningexpress.in/playing-for-kerala-blasters-is-a-big-dream-open-minded-triman-ranveer/|title=Playing for Kerala Blasters is a big dream, open-minded Triman Ranveer|date=1 April 2023|access-date=12 April 2023|website=morningexpress.in|publisher=The Morning Express|archive-date=12 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412155236/https://morningexpress.in/playing-for-kerala-blasters-is-a-big-dream-open-minded-triman-ranveer/}}
*{{cite web |last1=Parasar |first1=Swapnaneel |date=10 March 2018 |title=Indian Super League: NorthEast United FC sign Provat Lakra & Girik Khosla |url=http://www.goal.com/en-in/news/isl-northeast-united-fc-provat-lakra-girik-khosla-pawan/7606135pw5fq1mxdyhrvjpts6 |website=Goal.com |access-date=24 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=24 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624054859/http://www.goal.com/en-in/news/isl-northeast-united-fc-provat-lakra-girik-khosla-pawan/7606135pw5fq1mxdyhrvjpts6 |location=Guwahati }}
*{{cite news|last1=Sharma|first1=Ashutosh|title=Minerva Punjab FC beat Aizawl FC, climb to top of I-League table|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/football/minerva-punjab-fc-beat-aizawl-fc-climb-to-top-of-i-league-table/story-g90bUTaLckqeI66lGzHFbJ.html|accessdate=16 April 2018|website=hindustantimes.com|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=26 February 2018|archive-date=16 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416200319/https://www.hindustantimes.com/football/minerva-punjab-fc-beat-aizawl-fc-climb-to-top-of-i-league-table/story-g90bUTaLckqeI66lGzHFbJ.html}}
*{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/i-league-2018-19-relegation-battle-round-up/1qaniwya806tx1equ3ib8rp24s|title=I-League 2018–19 Relegation Battle: Shillong Lajong face an uphill task|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511134033/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/i-league-2018-19-relegation-battle-round-up/1qaniwya806tx1equ3ib8rp24s|archive-date=11 May 2021|website=Goal.com|date=24 February 2019|first1=Sooraj|last1=Kamath|access-date=11 May 2021}}
*{{cite web|url=https://morningexpress.in/the-young-player-rejected-the-offer-put-forward-by-kerala-blasters-the-reason-is-surprising/|title=The young player rejected the offer put forward by Kerala Blasters, the reason is surprising…|date=31 March 2023|access-date=12 April 2023|website=morningexpress.in|publisher=The Morning Express|archive-date=12 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412155245/https://morningexpress.in/the-young-player-rejected-the-offer-put-forward-by-kerala-blasters-the-reason-is-surprising/}}
*{{cite news |title=Minerva beat Neroca to take I-League promotiton race to final day |publisher=Thif-Live.com |url=http://thif-live.com/minerva-beat-neroca-to-take-i-league-promotiton-race-to-final-day/ |date=19 May 2016 |access-date=27 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160522140857/http://thif-live.com/minerva-beat-neroca-to-take-i-league-promotiton-race-to-final-day/ |location=Chandigarh |archive-date=22 May 2016 |url-status=dead }}
*{{cite news|first=Jonathan|last=Selvaraj|title=Minerva give India another champion team from Punjab |url=http://www.espn.in/football/indian-i-league/story/3411481/minerva-punjab-win-historic-i-league-title|website=ESPN|date=8 March 2018|access-date=5 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130142239/https://www.espn.in/football/indian-i-league/story/3411481/minerva-punjab-win-historic-i-league-title|archive-date=30 November 2021}}
*{{cite news |title=Minerva Punjab FC become King of the North with I-League crown |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/2018/mar/09/minerva-punjab-fc-become-king-of-the-north-with-i-league-crown-1784314.html |access-date=3 November 2018 |work=New Indian Express |date=9 March 2018 |archive-date=3 November 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103170530/http://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/2018/mar/09/minerva-punjab-fc-become-king-of-the-north-with-i-league-crown-1784314.html }}
*{{Cite web|title=Former Middlesbrough manager Curtis Fleming set to take charge at Punjab FC|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/middlesbrough-curtis-fleming-punjab-fc-indian-football-i/1odkuw3r1x4s51jtsgvzipmj17|date=14 June 2020|first=Soham|last=Mukherjee|access-date=2020-06-15|website=Goal.com|archive-date=15 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615080912/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/middlesbrough-curtis-fleming-punjab-fc-indian-football-i/1odkuw3r1x4s51jtsgvzipmj17}}
*{{cite web|first=Fazal|last=Khan|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/city-lad-carving-a-niche-in-intl-football-arena/articleshow/95815220.cms|title=Lucknow lad carving a niche in international football arena|date=28 November 2022|website=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=29 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129010430/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/city-lad-carving-a-niche-in-intl-football-arena/articleshow/95815220.cms}}
*{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/football/story/chennai-city-fc-i-league-2018-19-champions-manzi-east-bengal-gokulam-kerala-1474250-2019-03-09|title=Chennai City FC win I-League 2018–19 title, East Bengal finish second|website=indiatoday.in|language=en|access-date=2019-03-09|archive-date=20 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720130700/https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/football/story/chennai-city-fc-i-league-2018-19-champions-manzi-east-bengal-gokulam-kerala-1474250-2019-03-09}}
*{{cite web|url=https://thefield.scroll.in/827298/this-wahingdoh-boy-went-from-being-scouted-to-u-15-i-league-player-of-the-year-in-just-two-years|title=This Wahingdoh boy went from being scouted to U-15 I-League Player of the Year in just two years|date=21 January 2017|access-date=13 November 2023|first1=Arka|last1=Bhattacharya|location=Shillong|website=thefield.scroll.in|publisher=Scroll|archive-date=13 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113150500/https://scroll.in/field/827298/this-wahingdoh-boy-went-from-being-scouted-to-u-15-i-league-player-of-the-year-in-just-two-years}}
*{{cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/wire-updates/sports/2024/05/29/spd8-spo-foot-futsal.html|title=AIFF Futsal Club Championship from June 22-July 5|access-date=2 June 2024|date=29 May 2024|website=theweek.in|agency=PTI|archive-date=2 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602103355/https://www.theweek.in/wire-updates/sports/2024/05/29/spd8-spo-foot-futsal.html}}
*{{cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-aiff-futsal-club-championship-202405|title=AIFF Futsal Club Championship to commence on 22 June|access-date=2 June 2024|date=29 May 2024|website=khelnow.com|agency=PTI|archive-date=2 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602103225/https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-aiff-futsal-club-championship-202405}}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}

* {{official website|https://minervaacademyfc.in/}}
* [https://www.the-aiff.com/club/13797 Minerva Academy FC] on [[All India Football Federation|AIFF]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Minerva Academy FC}}
[[Category:Minerva Academy FC]]
[[Category:Football academies in India]]
[[Category:Youth football in India]]
[[Category:2005 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Association football clubs established in 2005]]

J. Malsawma

2026-04-25T16:54:11Z

Silentbram: put up a details.

{{Short description|Indian writer, scholar}}
{{Mizo name|Malsawma}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = J. Malsawma
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Aizawl]], [[Mizoram]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| restingplace =
| restingplacecoordinates =
| othername =
| occupation =
| yearsactive =
| spouse =
| domesticpartner =
| children =
| parents =
| website = {{URL||Official web site}}
| awards = [[Padma Shri]] Mizo Academy Award Mizo Writers Certificate of Appreciation
}}
[[File:Padma Shri India IIIe Klasse.jpg|thumb|75px|Padma Shri India]]

'''J. Malsawma''', is a [[Mizo people|Mizo]] writer and scholar from North East Indian state of [[Mizoram]], [[India]]. The [[Government of India]] honoured him, in 2013, by awarding him the [[Padma Shri]], the fourth highest civilian award, for his contributions to the fields of literature.<ref name="Padma 2013">{{cite web | url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=91838 | title=Padma 2013 | publisher=Press Information Bureau, Government of India | date=25 January 2013 | access-date=10 October 2014}}</ref>

==Publications==
J. Malsawma hails is a known writer in [[mizo language]] and is credited with several books on mizo culture and poetry.<ref name="Mizo News">{{cite web | url=http://www.mizonews.net/mizoramnews/padmashree-for-j-malsawma/ | title=Mizo News | publisher=Mizo News | date=28 January 2013 | access-date=26 October 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217201011/http://www.mizonews.net/mizoramnews/padmashree-for-j-malsawma/ | archive-date=17 December 2014 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="NE Calling">{{cite web | url=http://necalling.com/padmashree-for-j-malsawma/ | title=NE Calling | publisher=NE Calling | date=2013 | access-date=26 October 2014}}</ref>
* His book, ''Vanglai'' is a mixed content publication with essays on mizo religion and culture and biographies of a selected number of mizo personalities.<ref name="Google book">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FWCiWWeRCU4C&q=J+Malsawma&pg=PA159 | title=Google book | date=2014 | isbn=9788180693007 | access-date=27 October 2014| last1=Guptā | first1=Ramaṇikā | publisher=Concept Publishing Company }}</ref>
* {{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FWCiWWeRCU4C&q=J+Malsawma&pg=PA159 | title=Zozia - Ethics and Moral Principles of Mizo People | date=2003 | access-date=27 October 2014 | author=J Malsawma| publisher=Concept Publishing Company | isbn=9788180693007 }}<ref name="Mizo News" /><ref name="NE Calling" />
* {{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FWCiWWeRCU4C&q=J+Malsawma&pg=PA159 | title=Vanglai - Prime Days | date=1995 | access-date=27 October 2014 | author=J Malsawma| publisher=Concept Publishing Company | isbn=9788180693007 }}
* {{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FWCiWWeRCU4C&q=J+Malsawma&pg=PA159 | title=Notes on Mizo Poems | date=1969 | access-date=27 October 2014 | author=J Malsawma| publisher=Concept Publishing Company | isbn=9788180693007 }}
* {{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FWCiWWeRCU4C&q=J+Malsawma&pg=PA159 | title=Zonun - Collection of Essays on Mizo Culture | date=1963 | access-date=27 October 2014 | author=J Malsawma| publisher=Concept Publishing Company | isbn=9788180693007 }}
* {{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FWCiWWeRCU4C&q=J+Malsawma&pg=PA159 | title=Mizo Poems - Old and New | date=1962 | access-date=27 October 2014 | author=J Malsawma| publisher=Concept Publishing Company | isbn=9788180693007 }}
* {{cite web | url=http://www.misual.com/2011/06/02/kan-mizia-2/ | title=Kan Mizia | date=1960 | access-date=27 October 2014 | author=J. Malsawma}} <ref name="Kan Mizia">{{cite web | url=http://www.misual.com/2011/06/02/kan-mizia-2/ | title=Kan Mizia | date=1960 | access-date=27 October 2014 | author=J. Malsawma}}</ref>

==Awards==
* Malsawma is a recipient of the Academy Award from the Mizo Academy of Letters, which he received in 2001.
* In 2013, he was honoured by the Government of India with the civilian award of [[Padma Shri]].<ref name="Padma 2013" />
* He has also received the ''Certificate of Appreciation'' from the Mizo Writers Association three times <ref name="Google book" /><ref name="Mizo News" /><ref name="NE Calling" />

Malsawma is a member of the ''Mizo Publication Board'' and the ''State Advisory Board on Tribal Art, Culture, Language'', and the ''Indian national Trust for Arts and Cultural Heritage''.<ref name="Google book" /> he was the founder secretary of the Mizo Academy of Letters during 1964-65 and was its advisor later.<ref name="Google book" />

==See also==
* [[Mizo language]]
{{portal|India}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web | url=http://www.theindianpanorama.com/2013/04/08/president-confers-padma-awards/ | title=Padma Awards List | publisher=Indian Panorama | date=2014 | access-date=12 October 2014}}

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Literature & Education}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Malsawma, J}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Aizawl]]
[[Category:Scholars from Mizoram]]
[[Category:Mizo people]]
[[Category:Writers from Mizoram]]
[[Category:Indian social sciences writers]]
[[Category:Indian male writers]]
[[Category:English-language Indian writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature and education]]

Sundarapu Vijay Kumar

2026-04-23T08:47:09Z

Silentbram: Created a bio w/ infobox.

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Sundarapu Vijay Kumar
| office = Member of the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2024
| predecessor = [[Kanna Babu]]
| constituency = [[Elamanchili Assembly constituency|Elamanchili]]
| party = [[Jana Sena Party]]
| birth_date =
}}
'''Sundarapu Vijay Kumar''' is an Indian politician from [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavendra |first=V. |date=2024-03-24 |title=Jana Sena Party announces candidates for 18 Assembly constituencies, including Pawan Kalyan and Nadendla Manohar, in Andhra Pradesh |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly/jana-sena-party-announces-candidates-for-18-assembly-constituencies-including-pawan-kalyan-and-nadendla-manohar-in-andhra-pradesh/article67988458.ece |access-date=2024-06-06 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He is a member of [[Jana Sena Party]]. He has been elected as the [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] representing the [[Elamanchili Assembly constituency]] in [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-04 |title=Yelamanchili, Andhra Pradesh Assembly Election Results 2024 Highlights: JSP's Sundarapu Vijay Kumar defeats YSRCP's Uppalapati Venkata Ramanamurthy Raju with 48956 votes |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/story/yelamanchili-andhra-pradesh-assembly-election-results-2024-live-updates-2548219-2024-06-04 |access-date=2024-06-06 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-04 |title=Elamanchili Election Result 2024 LIVE Updates Highlights: Assembly Winner, Loser, Leading, Trailing, MLA, Margin |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/elamanchili-election-result-2024-live-updates-highlights-assembly-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-8916849.html |access-date=2024-06-06 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumar, Sundarapu Vijay}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Jana Sena Party politicians]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2024–2029]]

{{AndhraPradesh-JSP-politician-stub}}

Dudu Miyan II

2026-04-19T06:20:36Z

Silentbram: Added New Article

{{Short description|Bangladeshi religious leader}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2025}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = Pir
| name = Dudu Miyan II
| native_name = দ্বিতীয় দুদু মিয়া
| native_name_lang = bn
| image =
| image_size =
| office = Leader of the [[Faraizi Movement]]
| term_start = 14 December 1959
| term_end = 6 August 1997
| predecessor = [[Awa Khaled Rashid Uddin Ahmad|Badshah Miyan]]
| succeeded = [[Mohiuddin Ahmad Dadan Mia|Dadan Miyan]]
| office1 = President of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Bangladesh|East Pakistan Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]]
| term_start1 = 4 January 1969
| term_end1 = 10 October 1971
| predecessor1 = [[Abdul Karim Kauria]]
| succeeded1 = Abdul Karim Kauria
| office2 = Member of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]]
| constituency2 = NE-35 Faridpur-2
| leader2 = [[Nurul Amin]]
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| term_start2 = 1965
| term_end2 = 1969
| office3 = Member of the [[East Bengal Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency3 = Madaripur North-West
| leader3 = {{ubl|[[A. K. Fazlul Huq]]|[[Abu Hussain Sarkar]]}}
| predecessor3 =
| successor3 =
| term_start3 = 1954
| term_end3 = 1958
| birth_name = Abul Hafez Mohsen Uddin Ahmad
| birth_date = 1913
| birth_place = [[Ahsan Manzil]], Dacca, British India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1997|08|06|1913}}
| death_place = [[Shibpur Upazila|Bahadurpur]], [[Madaripur District]], Bangladesh
| party = [[Bangladesh Democratic League|BDL]] (1976–1977)
| other_party = [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam|JUI]] (1969–1971) [[National Democratic Front (Pakistan)|NDF]] (1962–1969) [[Nizam-e-Islam Party|NIP]] (1952–1958)
| alma_mater = [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
| relations = {{ubl|[[Yusuf Ali Chowdhury]] (brother-in-law)|[[Pirzada Hanzala]] (grandson)}}
| parents = [[Awa Khaled Rashid Uddin Ahmad]] (father)
}}
'''Abul Hafez Mohsen Uddin Ahmad''', commonly known as '''Dudu Miyan''', was a [[Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]] religious leader and politician. He was member of the [[List of members of the 4th National Assembly of Pakistan|4th National Assembly of Pakistan]] as a representative from the former Pakistani province of [[East Pakistan]] (present-day [[Bangladesh]]).<ref>{{cite web|title=LIST OF MEMBERS OF THE 4TH NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF PAKISTAN FROM 1965-1969|url=http://www.na.gov.pk/uploads/former-members/4th%20National%20Assembly.pdf|website=|access-date=19 January 2021}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Miyan was born in 1913.<ref name="ম">{{cite news |date=7 August 1997 |title=দুদু মিয়ার ইন্তেকাল |newspaper=[[The Sangbad]] |page=8 |language=bn}}</ref> He was descendant of [[Haji Shariatullah]], the founder of [[Faraizi movement]] in [[British Bengal]]. He was one of two sons of [[Nizam-e-Islam Party]] politician, [[Awa Khaled Rashid Uddin Ahmad]] and Mst. Saleha Begum, a member of the [[Dhaka Nawab family]].<ref name=book/> He was a relative of the politician [[Yusuf Ali Chowdhury]].<ref name="ম" />

Miyan died on 6 August 1997 at his residence in Bahadurpur village of [[Shibpur Upazila]], [[Madaripur District]], Bangladesh.<ref name="ম" /> Two days later, he was buried at his family graveyard located in his village.<ref>{{cite news |date=9 August 1997 |title=Pir Dudu Miah laid to rest |newspaper=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]] |page=12}}</ref>

== Career ==
Miyan became the leader of Farazi movement after his father.<ref name=book>{{cite book|script-title=bn:বাংলাদেশের সংগ্রামী ওলামা পীর-মাশায়েখ|language=bn|first=Zulfiqar Ahmad|last=Qismati|pages=1, 20|publisher=Pragati Prakashani|year=1987}}</ref>

In [[1954 East Bengal Legislative Assembly election]], Miyan was elected as a member of the [[East Bengal Legislative Assembly]] in ''Madaripur North-West Muslim'' from [[United Front (East Pakistan)|United Front]].<ref>{{cite news|script-title=bn:নির্ব্বাচনী ফলাফল|language=bn|page=5|date=20 March 1954|newspaper=[[Daily Azad]]}}</ref>

In [[1965 Pakistani general election]], he was elected as a member of the [[National Assembly of Pakistan]] in ''NE-35 Faridpur-II'' as a member of the [[National Democratic Front (Pakistan)|National Democratic Front]].<ref>{{cite news|script-title=bn:যথানিয়মে সরকারী দলের বিপুল সংখ্যাগরিষ্ঠতা|language=bn|page=1|date=22 March 1965|newspaper=[[The Daily Ittefaq]]}}</ref>

On 4 January 1969, he became the president of the East Pakistan branch of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]].<ref>{{cite book|title=দেওবন্দ আন্দোলন: ইতিহাস ঐতিহ্য অবদান|language=bn|page=245|first=Abul Fatah Muhammad|last=Yahya|author-link=|year=2011|publisher=Al-Amin Research Academy Bangladesh}}</ref>

In 1971, during the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], he was a member of [[East Pakistan Central Peace Committee]]<ref>{{Cite Banglapedia|article=Peace Committee}}</ref> and opposed the [[independence of Bangladesh]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.banglatribune.com/national/165735/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE|script-title=bn:যেমন আছেন আলেম মুক্তিযোদ্ধারা|language=bn|last=Shakil|first=Salman Tareq|date=15 December 2016|work=[[Bangla Tribune]]|access-date=3 June 2022|archive-date=4 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604003833/https://www.banglatribune.com/national/165735/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE|url-status=live}}</ref> In 13 October 1971, he resigned from the position of president of East Pakistan branch of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]] for alleged health reasons. However, the real reason was disagreements with other members of the party.<ref>{{cite news|script-title=bn:পীর মোহসেন উদ্দিনের পদত্যাগ|language=bn|page=1|date=13 August 1971|newspaper=[[Dainik Bangla|Daily Pakistan]]}}</ref>

After 1976, Miyan became vice-president of the ''Bangladesh Democratic League''.<ref>{{cite book|title=একাত্তরের ঘাতক ও দালালরা কে কোথায়|language=bn|page=184|year=1992|orig-year=1987|publisher=Muktijuddho Chetona Bikash Kendro}}</ref> However, he left the party on 3 August 1977.<ref>{{cite book|title=বাংলাদেশের তারিখ|language=bn|volume=1|page=109}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ahmad, Abul Hafez Mohsen Uddin}}
[[Category:1913 births]]
[[Category:1997 deaths]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam politicians]]
[[Category:Nizam-e-Islam Party politicians]]
[[Category:Pakistani MNAs 1965–1969]]
[[Category:East Pakistan MLAs 1954–1958]]
[[Category:Haji Shariatullah family]]
[[Category:People of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]]
[[Category:Politicians from Dhaka]]
[[Category:People from Madaripur District]]

Chemmeen

2026-04-11T09:22:39Z

Silentbram: Added New Stub

{{about|the 1966 Indian film|the novel on which the film is based on|Chemmeen (novel)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Chemmeen
| image = Chemmeen.JPG
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Ramu Kariat]]
| producer = [[:ml:ബാബു_ഇസ്മയിൽ_സേട്ടു|Babu Ismail Sait (Kanmani Babu)]]
| screenplay = [[S. L. Puram Sadanandan]]
| based_on = {{based on|''[[Chemmeen (novel)|Chemmeen]]''|[[Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai]]}}
| starring = [[Sathyan (Malayalam actor)|Sathyan]] [[Sheela]] [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]] [[Kottarakkara Sreedharan Nair]]
| music = [[Salil Chowdhury]]
| cinematography = [[Marcus Bartley]] [[:ml: വർഗ്ഗം:യു._രാജഗോപാൽ_കാമറ_ചലിപ്പിച്ച_ചലച്ചിത്രങ്ങൾ|U. Rajagopal]]
| editing = [[Hrishikesh Mukherjee]] [[K. D. George]]
| studio = Kanmani Films
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|1966|8|19|df=y}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| budget = {{INR}}8 lakhs<ref name="boxoffice">{{Cite news |last=Pradeep |first=K |date=13 August 2015 |title=Behind the scenes of Chemmeen |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/collection-of-facts-and-trivia-about-malayalam-film-chemmeen/article7530083.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170411204415/https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/collection-of-facts-and-trivia-about-malayalam-film-chemmeen/article7530083.ece |archive-date=11 April 2017 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>
| gross = {{INR}}40 lakhs <ref name="boxoffice" />
}}
'''''Chemmeen''''' ({{translation|The [[Prawn]]}}) is a 1966 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[romance film]], based on the [[Chemmeen (novel)|novel of the same name]] by [[Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai]]. It was adapted into a screenplay by [[S. L. Puram Sadanandan]], directed by [[Ramu Kariat]], and produced by Babu Ismail Sait under the banner Kanmani Films. The film stars [[Sheela]] as Karuthamma, [[Sathyaneshan Nadar|Sathyan]] as Palani, [[Kottarakkara Sreedharan Nair]] as Chembankunju, and [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]] as Pareekutty. The film tells the story of a pre-marital and later extra-marital relationship between Karuthamma, the daughter of an ambitious fisherman, and Pareekutty, the son of an affluent trader.

The theme of the film is a popular legend among the fishermen communities along the coastal [[Kerala]] State in southern India regarding chastity. The legend says that if a married fisherwoman is unfaithful when her husband is out at sea, the Sea Goddess (''Kadalamma'' literally meaning the Mother Sea) would consume him. It has cinematography by [[Marcus Bartley]] and U. Rajagopal, and editing by [[Hrishikesh Mukherjee]] and [[K. D. George]]. The original score and songs were composed by [[Salil Chowdhury]], with lyrics by [[Vayalar Ramavarma|Vayalar]], and songs featuring the voices of [[K. J. Yesudas]], [[P. Leela]], [[Manna Dey]] and [[Santha P. Nair]].

The film was censored in late 1965 and released on 19 August 1966. It received strongly positive critical reviews and was recognised as a technically and artistically brilliant film. This movie was a blockbuster and broke many records. It is usually cited as the first notable creative film in [[South India]] and is one of the popular [[cult]] [[classic]]s in Malayalam cinema.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Venkiteswaran|first=C. S.|date=2015-08-13|title=Chemmeen: 50 Years of a Classic|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/malayalam-film-chemmeen-completes-50-years-of-its-release/article7530129.ece|access-date=2021-06-14|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=10 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710225830/https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/malayalam-film-chemmeen-completes-50-years-of-its-release/article7530129.ece|url-status=live}}</ref>{{sfn|Gupta|1980|loc=''Chemmeen'' (1965), by Ramu Kariat in Kerala, is usually cited as the first notable creative film in the South}} It was also the first South Indian film to win the [[President of India|Indian President]]'s [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film|Gold Medal for the Best Feature Film]], doing so in 1965. It was screened at various international film festivals and won awards at the [[Cannes Film Festival|Cannes]] and [[Chicago International Film Festival|Chicago]] festivals. The film was included in the list of ''100 greatest Indian films'' by [[IBN Live]].<ref name=IBN2 /> ''Chemmeen'' was dubbed and released in Hindi as ''Chemmeen Lahren'' and in English as ''The Anger of the Sea''. A sequel, ''[[Thirakalkkappuram]]'', was released in 1998.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/sandakozhi-2-Tamil-film-sequels-time-between-release|title=Mind The Gap: Tamil Sequels And The Time Between Them|work=[[Film Companion]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016203230/https://www.filmcompanion.in/sandakozhi-2-Tamil-film-sequels-time-between-release|archive-date=16 October 2018}}</ref>

== Plot ==

Karuthamma is the daughter of an ambitious fisherman, Chembannkunju. She is in love with a young fish trader, Pareekutty. Chembankunju's only aim in life is to own a boat and net. Pareekutty finances Chembankunju to realise this dream. This is on a condition that the haul by the boat will be sold only to him. Karuthamma's mother Chakki learns of her daughter's affair with Pareekutty, and reminds her daughter about the life they lead within the boundaries of strict social tradition and warns her to keep away from such a relationship. The fisherfolks believe that a fisherwoman has to lead a life within the boundaries of strict social traditions.

Karuthamma sacrifices her love for Pareekutty and marries Palani, an orphan discovered by Chembankunju in the course of one of his fishing expeditions. Following the marriage, Karuthamma accompanies her husband to his village, despite her mother's sudden illness and her father's requests to stay. In his fury, Chembankunju disowns her. On acquiring a boat and a net and subsequently adding one more, Chembankunju becomes more greedy and heartless. With his dishonesty, he drives Pareekutty to bankruptcy. After the death of his wife, Chembankunju marries Pappikunju, the widow of the man from whom he had bought his first boat. Panchami, Chembankunju's younger daughter, hates her stepmother and her son and constantly taunts them. Pappikunju's son, unable to bear the constant humiliation by Panchami, decides to leave in search of a better life. Emotionally blackmailed by her son, Pappikunju steals money from Chembankunju's savings and gives it to her son. Panchami finds this out and informs Chembankunju. He ousts Pappikunju from their home, and turns mad due to the setbacks faced in his life. Alarmed by her father's madness, Panchami leaves home to join Karuthamma.

Meanwhile, Karuthamma has endeavoured to be a good wife and mother, but scandal about her old love for Pareekutty spreads in the village. Palani's friends ostracise him and refuse to take him fishing with them. Supported by Karuthamma, Palani starts to go fishing in a single-man boat. They slowly prosper and become parents to a daughter. Palani initially trusts his wife, but due to the constant vile talk by the villagers, seeds of doubt start to get sown in his mind. One day, when he hears Karuthamma enquiring about Pareekkutty to Panchami, he confronts her, and accuses Karuthamma of cheating and leaves in the night to go on his fishing expedition. By a stroke of fate, Karuthamma and Pareekutty meet that night and their old love is awakened. Palani, at sea alone and baiting a shark, is caught in a huge whirlpool and is swallowed by the sea. Next morning, Karuthamma and Parekutty, are also found dead hand in hand, washed ashore. At a distance, there lies the body of the shark which was baited by Palani.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/classic-movie-of-all-time/article38372423.ece | title=Why 'Chemmeen' remains a high point in Malayalam cinema | newspaper=The Hindu | date=3 February 2022 | last1=Roy | first1=Piyush | archive-date=6 February 2022 | access-date=6 February 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220206115543/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/classic-movie-of-all-time/article38372423.ece | url-status=live }}</ref>

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
*[[Sheela]] as Karuthamma
*[[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]] as Pareekutty
*[[Sathyan (Malayalam actor)|Sathyan]] as Palani
*[[Kottarakkara Sreedharan Nair]] as Chembankunju
*[[Adoor Bhavani]] as Chakki
*[[Latha Raju]] as Panchami
*[[Adoor Pankajam]] as Nalla Pennu
*[[S. P. Pillai]] as Achankunju
*Rajakumari Venu as Pappikkunju
*[[Philomina]]
*[[Paravoor Bharathan]]
*[[Nilambur Ayisha]]
*Jerrardh Josekutty as Shark
}}

== Production ==

=== Development ===
{{Main|Chemmeen (novel)}}
Kariat bought the rights from Thakazhi for {{INR}}8000, a comparatively large sum for a Malayalam novel then.<ref name = hindu>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/collection-of-facts-and-trivia-about-malayalam-film-chemmeen/article7530083.ece|title=Behind the scenes of Chemmeen|newspaper=The Hindu|date=13 August 2015|last1=By|first1=Compiled|last2=Pradeep|first2=K.|archive-date=11 April 2017|access-date=16 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170411204415/http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/collection-of-facts-and-trivia-about-malayalam-film-chemmeen/article7530083.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/malayalamContentView.do?contentId=9433257&programId=7940958&channelId=-1073751665&BV_ID=@@@&tabId=9|title=തകഴിയെ കാത്ത കാത്ത|newspaper=[[Malayala Manorama]]|date=1 June 2011|access-date=29 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404154713/http://www.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/malayalamContentView.do?contentId=9433257&programId=7940958&channelId=-1073751665&BV_ID=@@@&tabId=9|archive-date=4 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> With adapting the novel, [[Ramu Kariat]] was taking a big risk as everybody in the film circle was almost certain that the film would be no patch on the novel.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/28/stories/2008012852290300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080129231946/http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/28/stories/2008012852290300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 January 2008 |title=Cinema limits freedom of viewers |date=28 January 2008 |access-date=27 May 2011 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |location=Chennai, India}}</ref> The project was bankrolled by Babu Ismail Sait under the banner Kanmani Films. Once Ramu Kariat had decided to make a film based on the novel, he approached several people including the [[Government of Kerala|Kerala State Government]] for funds to produce the film. On one of these journeys, he met Babu Ismail Sait (Kanmani Babu). Then in his early twenties, Kanmani Babu agreed to finance the film.<ref name="hindu" />

=== Filming ===
Although the novel was set in the coastal area of [[Alappuzha]], The film was shot from [[Nattika]] beach in Thrissur and [[Varkala Beach]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.keralatourism.com/php/placeDetails.php?plid=179&cid=2&did=14&linkid=&partid=|title=Thrissur " Nattika Beach|publisher=Keralatourism.com|access-date=29 May 2011|archive-date=22 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110122012035/http://www.keralatourism.com/php/placeDetails.php?plid=179&cid=2&did=14&linkid=&partid=|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ramu Kariat wanted to shoot the film in the exact locations mentioned in Thakazhi's novel. But some people at [[Purakkad]] demanded rent for their boats, forcing Kariat to shift the location to [[Nattika]], a place he was familiar with.<ref name = hindu /> In the 40th anniversary of the release of the film, Madhu described how the fisherfolk of Nattika cooperated by offering their homes and clothing for the filming. He also described how Sathyan escaped being drowned in the sea during the shooting.<ref name="40 anniversary">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2005/11/25/stories/2005112501190200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109223953/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2005/11/25/stories/2005112501190200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 November 2012 |author=G. Jayakumar|title=Remembering a classic |date=25 November 2005|access-date=27 May 2011 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |location=Chennai, India}}</ref> After the outdoor shoot was done cinematographer Marcus Bartley had to leave as he had to complete a Dilip Kumar film and U. Rajagopal gave the finishing touches to the film.<ref name = hindu />

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Chemmeen
| type = soundtrack
| artist = [[Salil Chowdhury]]
| cover =
| released = 1965
| recorded = Bharani Studio Recording Theatre, Madras
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[World Music]]
| length =
| label = [[Saregama|His Master's Voice]]
| producer = Babu Ismail Sait
| prev_title = [[Chand Aur Suraj]]
| prev_year = 1965
| year = 1965
| next_title = ''Ezhuraathrikal''
| next_year = 1968
}}

The music was composed by [[Salil Chowdhary]] and the lyrics were written by [[Vayalar Ramavarma]]. ''Chemmeen'' marked Salil Chowdhary's debut in South Indian music.

{|class="wikitable"
|-
!No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length (m:ss)
|-
| 1 || "Kadalinakkare Ponore" || [[K. J. Yesudas]] || [[Vayalar Ramavarma]] || 3:48
|-
| 2 || "Maanasamaine Varoo" || [[Manna Dey]] || Vayalar Ramavarma || 3:12
|-
| 3 || "Pennaale Pennaale" || K. J. Yesudas, [[P. Leela]], Chorus || Vayalar Ramavarma || 5:39
|-
| 4 || "Puthan Valakkare" || K. J. Yesudas, P. Leela, Chorus, [[K. P. Udayabhanu]], [[Shantha P. Nair]] || Vayalar Ramavarma || 3:19
|-
| 5 || Theme Music || Instrumental || ||2:20
|}

== Awards ==
* [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-04/did-you-know-/32253677_1_national-award-first-malayalam-film-best-feature-film |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627114511/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-04/did-you-know-/32253677_1_national-award-first-malayalam-film-best-feature-film |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 June 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]] |title=Chemmeen won the National Award |access-date=11 October 2012}}</ref>
*[[Filmfare Award for Best Film - Malayalam]] won by ''Hasam Ismail'' (1966)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5UqAAAAYAAJ&q=+chemmeen|title = Collections|year = 1991}}</ref>
* Certificate of Merit at the [[Chicago International Film Festival]]
* Gold Medal at the [[Cannes Film Festival]] for Best Cinematography – [[Marcus Bartley]]<ref>{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20100809115516/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/fr/2006/08/11/stories/2006081101690200.htm "Fifty and still refreshing"]}}. ''The Hindu''. 11 August 2006. Retrieved 24 May 2011.</ref>

== Controversy ==
In 2017, the fishermen community boycotted the [[Golden jubilee|Golden jubilee celebrations]] of the film, conducted by the [[State Government of Kerala|State government]]. The Akhila Kerala Deevara Sabha, an association of fisherfolk, alleged that the movie is the origin for all the insults that the community has faced over the years. Dheevara Sabha general secretary and ex-[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] V. Dinakaran told ''[[The News Minute]]'' that Malayalam cinema and serials for the last many decades have intentionally portrayed fisherfolk as "uncultured". Further stating “I was in college when I watched ''Chemmeen''. I was shocked to see how the movie projected false stories of our community.”<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2017-02-28 |title=Tired of insulting portrayals, Kerala fisherfolk protest 50-year event on cult film Chemmeen |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/tired-insulting-portrayals-kerala-fisherfolk-protest-50-year-event-cult-film-chemmeen-57889 |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=The News Minute |language=en |archive-date=27 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327111215/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/tired-insulting-portrayals-kerala-fisherfolk-protest-50-year-event-cult-film-chemmeen-57889 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Legacy ==
{{quote box
| quote = ''Chemmeen'' is a landmark in Indian cinema not just for its immersive storytelling, but additionally because it is a truly all-India project, its credits serving as a roll call of cross-country icons: cinematographer Marcus Bartley, Hrishikesh Mukherjee as editor, and music by Salil Chowdhury making his Malayalam debut here with a soundtrack featuring singers [[K. J. Yesudas]], [[P. Leela]] and several other artistes, including, for one song, Manna Dey.
| source = [[Anna M. M. Vetticad]], ''[[Firstpost]]''.<ref name="firstpost" />
| align = right
| width = 32.5%
}}
''Chemeen'' is regarded as a [[classic]] in [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]] and has achieved [[Cult film|cult]] status in Malayalam cinema; one of Kariat's most celebrated films, regarded by critics as a masterpiece of [[Malayalam cinema]], credited with simultaneously helping to popularize [[Cinema of South India|South Indian cinema]] in the [[North India|North]] and influencing later South Indian films. It became the first South Indian film to win [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film|President's Gold Medal for the Best Film]].<ref name="Venkiteswaran">{{Cite news |last=Venkiteswaran |first=C. S. |date=2016-03-29 |title=Chemmeen: 50 Years of a Classic |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/malayalam-film-chemmeen-completes-50-years-of-its-release/article7530129.ece |access-date=2022-11-09 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=10 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710225830/https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/malayalam-film-chemmeen-completes-50-years-of-its-release/article7530129.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> The film also became the first Indian film to win the Certificate of Merit at the [[Chicago International Film Festival]] and the Gold Medal at the [[Cannes Film Festival]].<ref name=":0">https://web.archive.org/web/20181016203230/https://www.filmcompanion.in/sandakozhi-2-Tamil-film-sequels-time-between-release</ref> The [[Government of Kerala|Kerala State government]] conducted the golden jubilee celebrations of ''Chemmeen'' on 8 April 2017 in [[Alappuzha]]. [[Chief minister (India)|CM]] [[Pinarayi Vijayan]] had inaugurated the event.<ref name=":1" />

In March 2019, C. S. Venkiteswaran of ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote, "Omnipotent and omnipresent like the sea is the presence of the milieu; never before has the life of fisherfolk in all its beauty and misery been portrayed more vividly in Malayalam cinema. Even when they bicker and fight, they readily share all the sorrows and celebrations of life." He further writes, "''Chemmeen'' worked with the most elemental in individual and society, communal and personal life, human emotions and yearnings, which may be the reason why it still holds its mercurial charm."<ref name="Venkiteswaran" /> In September 2020, [[Anna M. M. Vetticad]] of ''Firstpost'' wrote, "Ramu Kariat's ''Chemmeen'' gave me my maiden memory of being mesmerized by the visual aspect of the audiovisual media.<ref name="firstpost">{{Cite web |date=2020-09-22 |title=Indian films that sparked the critic in me: Ramu Kariat's Chemmeen remains misunderstood and misrepresented – even by its admirers |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/indian-films-that-sparked-the-critic-in-me-ramu-kariats-chemmeen-remains-misunderstood-and-misrepresented-even-by-its-admirers-8839641.html |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=[[Firstpost]] |language=en |archive-date=9 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109201003/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/indian-films-that-sparked-the-critic-in-me-ramu-kariats-chemmeen-remains-misunderstood-and-misrepresented-even-by-its-admirers-8839641.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In February 2022, Piyush Roy of ''[[The Hindu]]'' called ''Chemmen'' "A highpoint of Malayalam cinema" and called it "a fine artistic work of human passion." and praised its soundtrack in particular, which Roy felt was the highpoint of the film. He writes, "The high point of ''Chemmeen'', however, is its music that brings together a talented pool of music-makers from north and south. Bollywood music director Salil Chowdhury weaves a timeless score, as he captures the unique sounds of the kaleidoscopic setting."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Roy |first=Piyush |date=2022-02-03 |title=Why 'Chemmeen' remains a high point in Malayalam cinema |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/classic-movie-of-all-time/article38372423.ece |access-date=2022-11-09 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

In 2013, in an online poll conducted by ''[[CNN-IBN]]'' on their website as part of the 100 years celebration of [[Indian cinema]], ''Chemmeen'' came 23rd in the poll for finding the "greatest Indian film ever".<ref name="IBN2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130607012016/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/mayabazar-is-indias-greatest-film-ever-ibnlive-poll/391184-8-66.html "'Mayabazar' is India's greatest film ever: IBNLive poll"] . [[IBN Live]]. 12 May 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2013.</ref><ref name="IBN1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130425235027/http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13200-78.html "100 Years of Indian Cinema: The 100 greatest Indian films of all time"]. [[IBN Live]]. 26 April 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2013.</ref><ref name="IBN3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130501074840/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/ibnlive-poll-vote-for-indias-greatest-film-of-all-time/387871-8.html "IBNLive Poll: Vote for India's greatest film of all time"]. [[IBN Live]]. 26 April 2013. Retrieved 24 May 2013.</ref> In 2017, [[Kamal Haasan]] included the film in his list of 70 favorite movies, stating "Chemeen ceased to be a Malayalam film, it became the pride of south India, a national film. It's a grown-up love story. The music by Salil Chowdhury, the editing by Hrishikesh Mukherjee, the direction by Ramu Kariat...today it looks like a simple film. But it's stunning."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bollywood blockbuster to Kollywood classic: Kamal Haasan picks his 70 favourite movies |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/interactives/kamal-hassan-70-movies |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=Hindustan Times |archive-date=13 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713153725/https://www.hindustantimes.com/interactives/kamal-hassan-70-movies/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2005, [[Mohanlal]] listed ''Chemeen'' in his list of top ten best Indian films of all time, stating "''Chemmeen'' is a classic. Even today, its charm has not diminished."<ref>{{Cite web |title=India's Best Films: Mohanlal |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/jun/07list.htm |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=www.rediff.com |archive-date=9 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109191753/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2005/jun/07list.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2016, on the occasion of India celebrating its [[Independence Day (India)|70th Independence day]], news agency ''[[NDTV]]'' compiled a list called "70 Years, 70 Great Films" and ''Chemmen'' was among the four Malayalam films that found place in the list.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Happy Independence Day: 70 Years, 70 Great Films |url=https://www.ndtv.com/photos/entertainment/happy-independence-day-70-years-70-great-films-15114 |access-date=2022-11-09 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=9 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109191754/https://www.ndtv.com/photos/entertainment/happy-independence-day-70-years-70-great-films-15114 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{cite journal|last=Gupta|first=CD|title=New Directions in Indian Cinema|journal=Film Quarterly|year=1980|volume=34|issue=1| pages=32–42|doi=10.1525/fq.1980.34.1.04a00070|jstor=1211852}}
* {{cite news
| url = http://www.hindu.com/mp/2010/11/22/stories/2010112250310400.htm
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121109070813/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2010/11/22/stories/2010112250310400.htm
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 9 November 2012
| title = ''Chemmeen'' 1965
| author = B. Vijayakumar
| date = 22 November 2010
| newspaper = [[The Hindu]]
| location=Chennai, India
}}
* {{cite news
| url = http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/13/stories/2005101301370200.htm
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20051103044301/http://www.hindu.com/2005/10/13/stories/2005101301370200.htm
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 3 November 2005
| title = Celebrating 40 years of a movie classic
| date = 13 October 2005
| newspaper = [[The Hindu]]
| location=Chennai, India
}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}

{{National Film Award Best Feature Film}}
{{Filmfare Award for Best Film – Malayalam}}

[[Category:1966 Indian films]]
[[Category:1966 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Best Feature Film National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Films based on Malayalam novels]]
[[Category:Films directed by Ramu Kariat]]
[[Category:Films scored by Salil Chowdhury]]
[[Category:Films shot in Thrissur]]
[[Category:Malayalam films in series|Chemmeen1]]

Vaaimai

2026-04-10T01:57:06Z

Silentbram: Created a entry basic info.

{{short description|2016 film by A. Senthil Kumar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Vaaimai.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = A. Senthil Kumar
| producer = S. Mani S. Thamizhini
| writer = A. Senthil Kumar
| starring = [[Shanthanu Bhagyaraj]] [[Ramki (actor)|Ramki]] [[Goundamani]] [[Thiagarajan]] [[Muktha (actress)|Muktha]] [[Manoj Bharathiraja]] [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]] [[Prithvi Pandiarajan]] [[Poornima Bhagyaraj]]
| narrator = [[Vijay Sethupathi]]
| music = Augath
| cinematography = Rasamathi
| editing = Anthony
| studio = Min Max Movies
| released = {{Film date|2016|09|08|df=yes}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Vaaimai''''' ({{translation|The Truth}}) is a 2016 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[legal drama]] film written and directed by A. Senthil Kumar.<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 December 2012 |title=Shanthnu gears for 'Vaaimai' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/news-interviews/Shanthnu-gears-for-Vaaimai/articleshow/17517215.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130411035355/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-12-07/news-interviews/35670327_1_ammavin-kaipesi-gears-lady-luck |archive-date=11 April 2013 |access-date=25 August 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Inspired by the script of [[Reginald Rose]]'s ''[[Twelve Angry Men (story)|Twelve Angry Men]]'' (1954), the film stars [[Shanthanu Bhagyaraj]] and [[Muktha (actress)|Muktha Bhanu]] amongst an ensemble cast.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 April 2013 |title=Vaaimai second schedule underway |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/news-interviews/Vaaimai-second-schedule-underway/articleshow/19319771.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130419034924/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-01/news-interviews/38188770_1_goundamani-shanthnu-bhagyaraj-vaaimai |archive-date=19 April 2013 |access-date=25 August 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> [[Goundamani]], [[Thyagarajan]], [[Ramki]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Manoj K. Bharathi]], [[Prithvi Pandiarajan]] and [[Poornima Bhagyaraj]] are also part of the cast. Though production begun in 2013, the film was released, following a production delay, on 8 September 2016.

== Plot ==
{{More plot|date=December 2024}}
A woman stands accused of helping her son assassinate a politician. She needs to defend herself against accusations that she was an accomplice to the plot.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Shanthanu Bhagyaraj]] as Sidharthan
* [[Thiagarajan]] as Dheenadayalan
* [[Muktha (actress)|Muktha Bhanu]] as Jhanavi
* [[Goundamani]] as Dr. Benny Quick
* [[Ramki]] as Thirumaaran IPS
* [[Poornima Bhagyaraj]] as Devakiammal
* [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]] as Narayani
* [[Manoj Bharathiraja]] as Manibharathi
* [[Prithvi Pandiarajan]] as Velan
* [[Namo Narayana]] as Namo Narayanan
* [[Venkat Subha]] as Gopikrishna
* [[Rose Venkatesan]] as Rose IAS
* Ankitha Mohapatra as Chinmayi
* [[K. Bhagyaraj]] in a cameo appearance
* [[Vijay Sethupathi]] as Narrator
}}

== Production ==
Senthil Kumar chose to make his debut with ''Vaaimai'' after his other project, ''Thirudan'' featuring [[Vijay Antony]], ran into production troubles during 2012.<ref name=":0" /> The film began production in February 2013, with [[Goundamani]] making a comeback to acting.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 February 2013 |title=Goundamani is back! |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/goundamani-is-back/articleshow/18413439.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20241221041242/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/goundamani-is-back/articleshow/18413439.cms |archive-date=21 December 2024 |access-date=21 December 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]] |language=en}}</ref> It was subsequently shot in places like Delhi, Rishikesh, Haridwar and Kollimalai, but took almost two years to complete, which the director attributed to the inclusion of an animated song sequence.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Subhakeerthana |first=S |date=8 September 2016 |title=A believer in content-oriented films |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/A-believer-in-content-oriented-films/2016/09/08/article3615592.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909124238/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/A-believer-in-content-oriented-films/2016/09/08/article3615592.ece |archive-date=9 September 2016 |access-date=12 October 2018 |website=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref> [[Shanthanu Bhagyaraj]], when questioned about the film's similarities to ''[[Twelve Angry Men (story)|Twelve Angry Men]]'', replied, "To my knowledge, we will not be mentioning the film in the credits, as there have been many jury-based films made, and ''Vaaimai'' could be inspired by any of them".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Sudhir |date=9 September 2016 |title=Dad will not choose my films any more: Shanthnu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/Dad-will-not-choose-my-films-any-more-Shanthnu/article14630709.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922031623/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/Dad-will-not-choose-my-films-any-more-Shanthnu/article14630709.ece |archive-date=22 September 2021 |access-date=12 October 2018 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> [[Vijay Sethupathi]] serves as narrator.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2016 |title=A Vijay Sethupathi Cameo In Vishnu Vishal's Kathanagayan |url=https://silverscreenindia.com/movies/news/vijay-sethupathi-does-a-cameo-in-vishnu-vishals-kathanagayan/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007095035/https://silverscreenindia.com/movies/news/vijay-sethupathi-does-a-cameo-in-vishnu-vishals-kathanagayan/ |archive-date=7 October 2024 |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Silverscreen India |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
Debutant Auggath composed the music of ''Vaaimai''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Karthik |author-link=Karthik Srinivasan |date=19 July 2014 |title=Vaaimai (Music review), Tamil – Auggath |url=https://milliblog.com/2014/07/19/vaaimai-music-review-tamil-auggath/ |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=[[Milliblog]] |language=en-US |archive-date=11 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111165357/https://milliblog.com/2014/07/19/vaaimai-music-review-tamil-auggath/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The audio launch was held on 5 May 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 May 2015 |title=Vaaimai Audio Launch Report |url=https://silverscreenindia.com/movies/features/vaaimai-audio-launch-report/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529001050/https://silverscreenindia.com/movies/features/vaaimai-audio-launch-report/ |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=21 December 2024 |website=Silverscreen India |language=en-US}}</ref>

{{track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 22.13
| title1 = Vaimaye Vellum
| extra1 = [[Vijay Prakash]]
| length1 = 4.32
| title2 = Kanpadum Un Mugham
| extra2 = [[Alka Yagnik]]
| length2 = 3.45
| title3 = Matta
| extra3 = [[Blaaze]], [[Vijay Prakash]]
| length3 = 5.18
| title4 = Boomiye Saamiye
| extra4 = [[Sadhana Sargam]]
| length4 = 3.18
| title5 = Hey Nadu
| extra5 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| length5 = 5.10
}}

== Release and reception ==
The film was released on 8 September 2016.<ref name=":0" /> Vishal Menon from ''[[The Hindu]]'' called it "a forgettable re-interpretation of an all-time classic" and gave the film a very negative review.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Menon |first=Vishal |date=10 September 2016 |title=Vaaimai: Court unquote |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/Vaaimai-Court-unquote/article14640078.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412220033/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/Vaaimai-Court-unquote/article14640078.ece |archive-date=12 April 2021 |access-date=12 October 2018 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Sify]]'' wrote "It's very difficult to tolerate when someone adapt a classic film like ''Twelve Angry Men'' with a plodding screenplay, over the top dialogues and dramatic performances! Well, if you are a fan of ''Twelve Angry Men'', better never ever try to watch ''Vaaimai''!".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vaaimai review: Watch at your own risk! |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/vaaimai-review-watch-at-your-own-risk-review-tamil-qjiuAgdeidbih.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909182726/http://www.sify.com/movies/vaaimai-review-watch-at-your-own-risk-review-tamil-qjiuAgdeidbih.html |archive-date=9 September 2016 |access-date=12 October 2018 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> A reviewer from ''[[The Times of India]]'' noted that the film is "unconvincing, with writing that makes no sense and execution that is laughable".<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 September 2016 |title=Vaaimai Movie Review |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/Vaaimai/movie-review/54219648.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914071647/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/Vaaimai/movie-review/54219648.cms |archive-date=14 September 2016 |access-date=12 October 2018 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}

{{Twelve Angry Men}}

[[Category:2010s legal drama films]]
[[Category:2016 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:2016 films]]
[[Category:2016 Indian films]]
[[Category:2016 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Films about assassinations]]
[[Category:Films about capital punishment]]
[[Category:Films about juries]]
[[Category:Films about murder]]
[[Category:Films shot in Delhi]]
[[Category:Indian courtroom films]]
[[Category:Indian legal drama films]]
[[Category:Indian remakes of American films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Twelve Angry Men]]

Valatty

2026-03-25T18:31:35Z

Silentbram: Created the info first draft.

{{Short description|2023 Indian film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Valatty
| image = Valatty 2023 Malayalam film first look poster.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Devan Jayakumar]]
| writer = Devan Jayakumar
| producer = [[Vijay Babu (actor, born 1976)|Vijay Babu]]
| starring = {{Plainlist|
*[[Roshan Mathew]]
*[[Sunny Wayne]]
*[[Soubin Shahir]]
*[[Vijay Babu (actor, born 1976)|Vijay Babu]]
*[[Naslen]]
*[[Mahima Nambiar]]
*[[Raveena Ravi]]
*[[Aju Varghese]]
}}
| narrator =
| cinematography = Vishnu Panicker
| editing = Ayoob Khan
| music = [[Varun Sunil]]
| studio = [[Friday Film House]]
| distributor = Friday Film House
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2023|07|21|ref1={{Citation needed|date=July 2025}} }}
| runtime = 113 minutes
| country = [[India]]
| language = [[Malayalam]]
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Valatty: Tale of Tails''''' ({{Translation|Wagging tail}}) is a 2023 Indian [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam]]-language [[Adventure film|adventure-comedy]] [[romance film]] written and directed by Devan Jayakumar and produced by [[Vijay Babu (actor, born 1976)|Vijay Babu]] of [[Friday Film House]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Valatty {{!}} വാലാട്ടി: Tale of tails (2023) - Mallu Release {{!}} Watch Malayalam Full Movies |url=https://www.mallurelease.com/2020/07/valatty-peppy-grippy-love-tale.html |access-date=2023-07-25 |language=english |archive-date=2023-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724120639/https://www.mallurelease.com/2020/07/valatty-peppy-grippy-love-tale.html |url-status=live }}</ref> It stars [[Vijay Babu (actor, born 1976)|Vijay Babu]], [[Mahima Nambiar]] and [[Rohini (actress)|Rohini]] in lead roles and also features the voices of [[Roshan Mathew]], [[Sunny Wayne]], [[Soubin Shahir]], [[Naslen]], [[Raveena Ravi]], [[Indrans]] and [[Aju Varghese]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/exclusive-malayalam-director-devan-on-his-film-valatty/|title=Exclusive: We had set up a 'dog park' to train the canines in 'Valatty', says Malayalam director Devan|first=Arjun|last=Ramachandran|date=June 28, 2023|access-date=July 24, 2023|archive-date=July 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724172859/https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/exclusive-malayalam-director-devan-on-his-film-valatty/|url-status=live}}</ref> According to the makers, ''Valatty'' is the first Indian film to use real dogs as actors without [[Visual effects|VFX]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/valatty-tale-of-tails-a-gang-of-adopted-dogs-comes-together-in-this-experimental-film/articleshow/96902874.cms|title='Valatty: Tale of Tails': A gang of adopted dogs comes together in this experimental film|newspaper=The Times of India |date=January 11, 2023|access-date=July 24, 2023|archive-date=July 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724210106/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/valatty-tale-of-tails-a-gang-of-adopted-dogs-comes-together-in-this-experimental-film/articleshow/96902874.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Tomy is a [[golden retriever]] owned by Roy who falls in love with Amalu, a [[cocker spaniel]] owned by a neighbouring family headed by Swamy. Following Tomy's frequent interactions with Amalu, Swamy visits Roy and expresses his concerns. One day, Swamy learns from Anand, his future son-in-law, that Amalu is pregnant. Swamy and his mother suspect that Tomy is responsible for Amalu's pregnancy, and eventually, both Tomy and Amalu get locked up in their houses by their respective owners. Tomy's friend, Poovan, a [[rooster]], tells him to elope with Amalu and advises him to come back after the [[puppies]] are born.

One night, Tomy and Amalu elope and meet an old, abandoned [[Labrador retriever]] in the street. The Labrador helps Tomy and Amalu get food and shares his past. A [[rottweiler]] named Bruno tries to attack Sumathi, a street food vendor, and is saved by Tomy. Upon the Labrador's advice, Tomy and Amalu follow Sumathi to her house. Sumathi's [[Indian pariah dog|Indian pariah]], Haridas, alias Karidas, becomes friends with Tomy and Amalu.

One day, Amalu is captured by Bhasi, who works for Narendradas Karanavar, an evil scientist who runs an unauthorised drug trial facility to conduct tests on abducted dogs. Tomy and Karidas try to chase Bhasi's van but get confused on divided roads. They later find Margaret, an [[Afghan hound]], who tells them to use their smelling capacity to find Amalu.

While searching for Amalu, Tomy and Karidas find Tippu, a young [[American Staffordshire Terrier]], who misleads them to Bruno. Bruno chases Tomy and Karidas and accidentally falls into a pit. Tomy helps Bruno escape from the pit, and Bruno shares his past with Tomy and Karidas. Bruno tells about his prosperous life with an old couple and how he was used by Bhasi for illegal [[dog fighting]]. Bruno later joins Tomy and Karidas to search for Amalu. Tomy and Bruno see Bhasi capturing a dog and start following his van.

On the way, Karidas gets hit and injured by a truck when he tries to save Tomy. Karidas tells Tomy to leave him and asks him to continue looking for Amalu. Bruno and Tomy reach the drug trial facility by following Bhasi's van and start searching for Amalu. Tomy finds and saves Amalu, who was about to be injected by Roshan, Narendradas Karanavar's son. When Bhasi blocks Tomy and Amalu, Bruno saves them by attacking Bhasi. Tomy releases some of the abducted dogs, and one of them attacks Narendradas Karanavar.

Amalu gives birth to puppies while escaping, and the next day, Anand finds Tomy, Amalu, and the puppies near the main road. He takes them to his house and then to their respective owners. Sumathi, who was worried about Karidas's absence, finds Bruno and takes him to her house. Karidas is rescued by the [[Indian Army]]'s dog squad and becomes a well-trained canine. The police raid the drug trial facility and arrest Narendradas Karanavar and Roshan. The Dog Rescue Group announces that they will provide shelter to disabled dogs found at the facility.

== Cast ==
===Animals===
The film features the voices of
*[[Roshan Mathew]] as Tomy, a [[Golden Retriever]]
*[[Raveena Ravi]] as Amalu, a [[Cocker Spaniel]]
*[[Soubin Shahir]] as Haridas / Karidas, an [[Indian pariah dog|Indian pariah]]
*[[Sunny Wayne]] as Bruno, a [[Rottweiler]]
*[[Naslen]] as Tippu, an [[American Staffordshire Terrier]]
*[[Saiju Kurup]] as Blacky, a [[Dobermann]]
*[[Indrans]] as an old [[Labrador Retriever|Labrador]]
*[[Aju Varghese]] as Poovan, a [[Chicken|Rooster]]
*[[Ranjini Haridas]] as Margaret, an [[Afghan Hound]]
*[[Surabhi Lakshmi]] as mother dog, a [[Podenco Canario]]

===Humans===
*[[Rohini (actress)|Rohini]] as Sumathi
*[[Vijay Babu (actor, born 1976)|Vijay Babu]] as Roy
*[[Mahima Nambiar]] as Saraswati, Swamy's daughter
*[[Suresh (actor, born 1963)|Suresh Babu Naidu]] as Narendradas Karanavar
*[[Srikant Murali]] as Swamy
*Akshay Radhakrishnan as Bhasi
*[[Dev Mohan]] as Anand, Saraswati's fiancé
*Sanju Sanichen as Roshan
*Raghu Subhash as Shafi
*[[Major Ravi]] as Major Santhosh Raj ([[cameo appearance]])

== Production ==

=== Development ===
The project was first announced by the makers in July 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Valatty 2023: Release date, plot, trailer, voice cast, who plays who and more |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/valatty-2023-release-date-plot-trailer-voice-cast-who-plays-who-behind-the-scenes-ott-platform-and-more/988caa09c164 |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=OTTPlay |language=en |archive-date=2023-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724131503/https://www.ottplay.com/news/valatty-2023-release-date-plot-trailer-voice-cast-who-plays-who-behind-the-scenes-ott-platform-and-more/988caa09c164 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Filming ===
The [[principal photography]] began around September 2020, during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]],<ref name=":0" /> and [[Wrap (filmmaking)|wrapped]] up on 23 December 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-12-24 |title='Valatty' gets wrapped up |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/valatty-gets-wrapped-up/articleshow/79928341.cms?from=mdr&from=mdr |access-date=2023-07-25 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2023-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725064458/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/valatty-gets-wrapped-up/articleshow/79928341.cms?from=mdr&from=mdr |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Valatty
| type = soundtrack
| artist = Varun Sunil
| released = {{Start date|2023}}
| genre = [[Soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = {{Duration|m=13|s=43}}
| language = Malayalam, English
| label = Friday Music Company
| prev_title = Haya
| prev_year = 2022
| year = 2023
}}
The music was composed by [[Varun Sunil]].
{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Shwanare
| lyrics1 = [[Vinayak Sasikumar]]
| extra1 = Crishna
| length1 = 3:41
| title2 = Friendship Song
| lyrics2 = [[Manu Manjith]]
| extra2 = Varun Sunil, Maria Mathew Kolady
| title3 = The Chase
| length3 = 2:29
| lyrics3 = Varun Sunil
| extra3 = Varun Sunil
| title4 = Arike Koottay Arike
| length4 = 4:13
| lyrics4 = BK Harinarayanan
| extra4 = Ayraan, [[Shweta Mohan]]
| length2 = 3:20
| total_length = 13:43
}}

== Release ==

=== Theatrical ===
Initially, the film was planned to be released on 5 May 2023, but later, it was postponed to 14 July 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Canine-cast film Valatty's release postponed |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/jul/09/canine-cast-film-valattys-release-postponed-45442.html |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=9 July 2023 |language=en |archive-date=2023-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724122845/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/jul/09/canine-cast-film-valattys-release-postponed-45442.html |url-status=live }}</ref> It was again postponed by a week and was released in theatres on 21 July 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Soubin Shahir's Valatty gets a new release date. |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/valatty-release-postponed-soubin-shahir-and-roshan-mathews-film-to-hit-theatres-on-this-date/08a2f6023f833 |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=OTTPlay |language=en |archive-date=2023-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725070224/https://www.ottplay.com/news/valatty-release-postponed-soubin-shahir-and-roshan-mathews-film-to-hit-theatres-on-this-date/08a2f6023f833 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[KRG Studios]] acquired the worldwide theatrical release rights of the film.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Today |first=Telangana |date=2023-06-20 |title=KRG Studios acquires world theatrical rights of Malayalam film 'Valatty – A Tale of Tails' |url=https://telanganatoday.com/krg-studios-acquires-world-theatrical-rights-of-malayalam-film-valatty-a-tale-of-tails |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=Telangana Today |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724171111/https://telanganatoday.com/krg-studios-acquires-world-theatrical-rights-of-malayalam-film-valatty-a-tale-of-tails |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Kannada]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], and [[Hindi]] versions were released on 28 July 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Valatty - Tale Of Tails': A Unique Love Story Of 2 Dogs |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/valatty-tale-of-tails-a-unique-love-story-of-2-dogs-4197709 |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=NDTV.com |archive-date=2023-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724171112/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/valatty-tale-of-tails-a-unique-love-story-of-2-dogs-4197709 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[Russian language|Russian]] dubbed version of the film was released on 25 April 2024, titled ''A Dog's Escape'' in Russian. The film was distributed by [[Capella Films]] in Theatres.<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|date=2024-03-25 |title=Russian dubbed version of Malayalam movie 'Valatty' to release on 25 April |url=https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/russian-dubbed-version-of-malayalam-movie-valatty-to-release-on-25-april/ |access-date=2024-03-25 |website=The South First |language=en}}</ref>

=== Home media ===
[[Disney+ Hotstar]] has acquired the digital rights and began streaming it on 7 November 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=A. Manu |first=Hridyambika |date=4 November 2023 |title=Valatty OTT release date: When, where to watch Roshan Mathew, Soubin Shahir's movie |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/valatty-ott-release-date-when-where-to-watch-roshan-mathew-soubin-shahirs-movie/0aa62dc81a796 |access-date= |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=5 November 2023 |title='Valatty: Tale of Tails' to start streaming on THIS date |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/valatty-tale-of-tails-to-start-streaming-on-this-date/articleshow/104982414.cms |access-date=7 November 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Reception ==
=== Critical response ===
Anna Mathews of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave 3.5 out of 5 stars and wrote, "''Valatty'' is a fun movie for the family to watch together and have a light laugh".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mathews |first=Anna |date=21 July 2023 |title=Valatty: Tale Of Tails Movie Review : Bow bow, but not enough wow |newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-reviews/valatty-tale-of-tails/movie-review/102011956.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724115122/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-reviews/valatty-tale-of-tails/movie-review/102011956.cms |archive-date=2023-07-24 |access-date=2023-07-24 }}</ref> Sanjith Sidhardhan of ''[[OTTPlay]]'' gave 2.5 out of 5 stars and wrote, "Strapped with a predictable tale, ''Valatty'' gets caught between being a feel-good movie and a serious take on human cruelty on animals. This only serves it to bog down the dog tale".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sidhardhan |first=Sanjith |date=21 July 2023 |title=Valatty review: A lacklustre, predictable storyline bogs down this dog tale |url=https://www.ottplay.com/review/valatty-review-roshan-mathew-soubin-shahirs-dog-tale-gets-bogged-down-by-a-predictable-take/4e98027666557 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724210106/https://www.ottplay.com/review/valatty-review-roshan-mathew-soubin-shahirs-dog-tale-gets-bogged-down-by-a-predictable-take/4e98027666557 |archive-date=2023-07-24 |access-date=2023-07-24 |website=OTTPlay}}</ref>

Anandu Suresh of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' gave 2 out of 5 stars and wrote, "In short, ''Valatty'' is bound to entertain those seeking a lighthearted movie, but its lasting impact on viewers' hearts is uncertain and will solely hinge on their fondness for dogs".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Suresh |first=Anandu |date=21 July 2023 |title=Valatty movie review: A lighthearted dog movie slowed down by its attempt to show canine struggles akin to those faced by humans |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/valatty-movie-review-lighthearted-dog-movie-slowed-down-canine-struggles-akin-to-those-faced-by-humans-8852868/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724113358/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/valatty-movie-review-lighthearted-dog-movie-slowed-down-canine-struggles-akin-to-those-faced-by-humans-8852868/ |archive-date=July 24, 2023 |access-date=July 24, 2023}}</ref> Nirmal Jovial of ''[[The Week (Indian magazine)|The Week]]'' gave 2 out of 5 stars and wrote, "As a viewer, ''Valatty'' personally left this writer feeling disappointed. Nevertheless, it must be acknowledged that it was a one-of-a-kind experiment in [[Malayalam cinema]]".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jovial |first=Nirmal |date=21 July 2023 |title='Valatty' review: This experimental film about dogs is marred by plot cliches |url=https://www.theweek.in/review/movies/2023/07/21/valatty-review-this-experimental-film-about-dogs-is-marred-by-plot-cliches.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230724113359/https://www.theweek.in/review/movies/2023/07/21/valatty-review-this-experimental-film-about-dogs-is-marred-by-plot-cliches.html |archive-date=2023-07-24 |access-date=2023-07-24 |website=The Week}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}

{{Friday Film House}}

[[Category:2023 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Films about dogs]]
[[Category:Indian adventure comedy films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:Films distributed by AA Films]]

Ranu Mukherjee (art patron)

2026-03-23T17:56:40Z

Silentbram: Done!

{{Short description|Indian art patron (1907 – 2000)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}{{Use Indian English|date=July 2023}}

Lady '''Ranu Mukherjee''' (born Priti Adhikary) (1907–2000) was an Indian patron of the arts. She was associated with [[Rabindranath Tagore]] during the later years of his life and established the [[Academy of Fine Arts, Kolkata]].<ref name=":0">Bangali Charitavidhan, by Anjali basu, vol. 2, 4th ed., Language: Bengali, Kolkata: Sahitya samsad – 2016, pp. 347-348, {{ISBN|9788179552926}}.</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2012-08-03 |title=When like minds meet |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/when-like-minds-meet/article3722036.ece |access-date=2023-06-12 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
[[File:Lady_Ranu_Mukherjee..jpg|thumb|Lady Ranu Mukherjee. Portrait by [[Atul Bose]].]]

== Early life ==
[[File:Lady Ranu at the annual exhibition of the Academy with Dr. Karan Singh, Debiprasad Chowdhury, Atul Bose, and O.C. Ganguly.jpg|thumb|Lady Ranu at the annual exhibition of the Academy with Dr. Karan Singh, Debiprasad Chowdhury, Atul Bose, and O.C. Ganguly.]]
Born as Priti Adhikary, Ranu Mukherjee's ancestral home was in Tungi village in the [[Nadia district|Nadia]] of British [[Bengal]]. She was born on 18 October 1907, in [[Varanasi]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=StreeShakti - The Parallel Force |url=http://www.streeshakti.com/bookR.aspx?author=6 |access-date=2023-06-12 |website=www.streeshakti.com}}</ref> [[Uttar Pradesh]].

== Relationship with Tagore ==
[[File:Lady Ranu with the then Governor T.N. Singh.jpg|thumb|Lady Ranu with the then Governor [[Tribhuvan Narain Singh|T.N. Singh]].]]
[[File:Lady Ranu with Raja Gopalachari.jpg|left|thumb|Lady Ranu with [[C. Rajagopalachari|Raja Gopalachari]].]]{{Unsourced|section|date=June 2025}}
By the age of 11, Ranu had read a collection of Tagore's [[short stories]] (Golpoguccha). She was a student at the Theosophical School in Kashi.

In 1918, Tagore invited Ranu's father to work with [[Kshitimohan Sen]] at [[Shantiniketan, Birbhum|Shantiniketan's]] Vidya Bhavana. Ranu’s elder sister, Asha Aryanayakam, and her husband were already living at the Shantiniketan Ashrama. Having read Tagore's works—such as Gora, Noukadubi, Chinnapatra, and Dakghar—Ranu also moved there. During her time at Shantiniketan, she was mentored by renowned artists [[Nandalal Bose]] and [[Surendranath Kar]].

She developed a close relationship with Tagore, having previously exchanged letters with him from Varanasi as an avid reader of his works. She affectionately called him “Bhanudada,” a name inspired by Tagore's pseudonym Bhanusingha, used for his poems in Bhanusingha Thakurer Padabali. Sources suggest that this relationship blossomed at a time when Tagore was grieving the loss of his daughter Madhurilata and managing financial concerns for Santiniketan.

Some sources describe Ranu as a source of inspiration for Tagore, drawing comparisons to his earlier muse, [[Kadambari Devi]]. Their relationship—documented in 208 letters from Tagore to Ranu and 68 letters from Ranu to Tagore—was reportedly misunderstood by some at the time. The letters reveal the significant influence Ranu, then only 12 years old, had on Tagore. She also accompanied him on various travels, including a trip to [[Shillong]], where he composed [[Shesher Kabita|Shesher Kobita]].

In 1920, when Tagore’s play Bisarjan was staged at the Empire Hall, Tagore played the role of Jayasingha while Ranu Mukherjee portrayed Aparna.[[File:Lady Ranu with eminent personalities during an exhibition.jpg|left|thumb|Lady Ranu with eminent personalities during an exhibition.]]

== Personal life ==
[[File:Lady Ranu with Atul Bose and O.C. Ganguly.jpg|thumb|Lady Ranu with [[Atul Bose]] and O.C. Ganguly.]]
In 1925, Ranu married Sir [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajendra_Nath_Mookerjee&wvprov=sticky-header#:~:text=his%20eldest%20son-,Sir%20Biren%20Mookerjee,-%2C%20the%20second%20son Birendranath Mookerjee],<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=বসু |first=সুদেষ্ণা |title=ভানু প্রণয়িনী থেকে স্যর বীরেনের লেডি |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/patrika/life-story-ranu-mukhopaddhay/cid/1270744 |access-date=2023-06-12 |website=www.anandabazar.com}}</ref> an Indian industrialist. Gaining an appreciation for art and culture under Tagore's mentorship at the Shantiniketan school, she became known as Lady Ranu Mukherjee.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bengal’s Grande Dame |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/magazine/2018/jul/01/bengals-grande-dame-1835168.html |access-date=2023-06-12 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> After her marriage, Ranu's relationship with Tagore changed. Tagore acknowledged the shift in their connection, writing: "Ranu, please do not call me Bhanu Dada any more. Bhanu Singha is lost forever. He cannot be brought back."<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gaṅgopādhyāẏa |first=Sunīla |title=Ranu o Bhanu: the poet and his muse |last2=Sengupta |first2=Sheila |last3=Gaṅgopādhyāẏa |first3=Sunīla |date=2004 |publisher=Srishti |isbn=978-81-88575-37-4 |location=New Delhi}}</ref>

== Legacy and contributions ==
[[File:Academy_of_Fine_Arts_-_2_Cathedral_Road_-_Kolkata_2014-09-16_7946-7950_Compress.JPG|thumb|Academy of Fine Arts.]]
[[File:Lady Ranu with the then Governor Dharmavir, and CM Siddharth Ray.jpg|thumb|Lady Ranu with the then governor [[Dharma Vira]], and Chief Minister [[Siddharth Ray]].]]
Lady Ranu Mukherjee founded the '''Academy of Fine Arts''' in Kolkata in 1933; construction of the present building began around 1952. She contributed paintings and artworks from her family collection, which she had inherited, to the Academy. The collection ''Rabindra Gallery'' included her photographs from the time at Shantiniketan and manuscripts of Tagore's poems ''Bhanusingha Thakurer Padabali''.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=The Academy of Fine Arts in Kolkata Has Lost its Mystique |url=https://thewire.in/the-arts/the-academy-of-fine-arts-in-kolkata-has-lost-its-mystique |access-date=2023-06-12 |website=The Wire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Academy Of Fine Arts |url=https://www.academyoffinearts.in/gallery_history.php |access-date=2023-06-12 |website=www.academyoffinearts.in}}</ref> In this initiative, she was supported by the then Chief Minister of Bengal, [[Bidhan Chandra Roy|Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy]], and her husband, Sir Birendranath Mukherjee. The Academy developed into an institution for arts and culture.<ref name=":4" /> She remained the President of the Academy until 1997. She also maintained connections with prominent institutions such as [[Lalit Kala Akademi|Lalit Kala Academy]], [[Indian Museum|Indian Museum in Kolkata]], [[University of Calcutta|Calcutta University]], [[Banaras Hindu University]], [[The Asiatic Society|Asiatic Society]], and [[Rabindra Bharati University]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" />

== Death ==
Ranu Mukherjee died on 15 March 2000.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" />

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mukherjee, Raju}}
[[Category:Indian art collectors]]
[[Category:People from West Bengal]]
[[Category:1907 births]]
[[Category:2000 deaths]]

Indian Territory

2026-03-23T12:08:48Z

Silentbram: Creating first pg initial version!

{{Short description|Historic sovereign territory set aside for Native American nations, 1834–1907}}
{{Distinguish|Indian reservation|Indian reserve}}
{{About|the historical territory in the United States of America|states and union territories of India|States and union territories of India|other uses|Indian country}}
{{Infobox former subdivision
| common_name = Indian Territory
| native_name = {{native name|cho|Oklahumma}} {{native name|chr|ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯᏍᏛᏱ (Aniyvwiyasdvyi)}}
| conventional_long_name = Indian Territory
| nation = the United States
| subdivision = [[Territories of the United States#Formerly unorganized territories|Unorganized territory]] of [[Autonomous administrative division|independent]] [[Indian nations]]
| p1 = Missouri Territory
| p2 = Greer County, Texas
| symbol =
| life_span =
| year_start = 1834
| year_end = 1906
| image_map = Map of Indian Territory and Oklahoma. LOC 2012586269.jpg
| image_map_caption = The [[Oklahoma Territory|Oklahoma]] (west of the red line) and Indian Territories (east of the red line) in 1890
| capital = {{ubli|[[Tahlonteeskee, Oklahoma|Tahlonteeskee]] (''Cherokee'') 1828–1839|[[Tahlequah, Oklahoma|Tahlequah]] (''Cherokee'') 1839–1906|[[Wewoka, Oklahoma|Wewoka]] (''Seminole'') 1849–1906|[[Tishomingo, Oklahoma|Tishomingo]] (''Chickasaw'') 1852–1906|[[Okmulgee, Oklahoma|Okmulkee]] (''Creek'') 1868–1906|[[Pawhuska, Oklahoma|Pawhuska]] (''Osage'') 1872–1906|[[Tuskahoma, Oklahoma|Tuskahoma]] (''Choctaw'') 1882–1906}}
| image_flag = Flag of the Choctaw Brigade.svg
| flag_size = 140px
| image_flag2 = Flag of the Cherokee Braves.svg
| flag_width = 140px
| flag_type = Left: Flag of the Choctaw Nation (1860) Right: Flag of the Cherokee Nation (1861)
| government_type = Devolved independent tribal governments
| event_start = [[Nonintercourse Act|Indian Intercourse Act]]
| date_start = June 30,
| event_end =
| date_end = June 16,
| event1 = The 'Old Settlers' first arrivals
| date_event1 = 1802
| event2 = Platte Purchase
| date_event2 = 1836
| event3 = Kansas–Nebraska Act
| date_event3 = May 30, 1854
| event4 = Name ''Oklahoma'' created
| date_event4 = [[Fort Smith Council|September 21, 1865]]
| event5 = Oklahoma Territory separated
| date_event5 = May 2, 1890
| event6 = Merged into Oklahoma
| today = {{plainlist|
* [[Oklahoma]] (predominantly)
* [[Kansas]]
* [[Nebraska]]
* [[Missouri]] ([[Platte Purchase]])
* [[Colorado]]
* [[North Dakota]]
* [[South Dakota]]
* [[Montana]]
* [[Wyoming]]}}
| s1 = Oklahoma
}}
'''Indian Territory''' and the '''Indian Territories''' are terms that generally described an evolving land area set aside by the [[Federal government of the United States|United States government]] for the relocation of [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] who held [[aboriginal title|original Indian title]] to their land as an independent nation. The concept of an Indian territory was an outcome of the U.S. federal government's 18th- and 19th-century policy of [[Indian removal]]. After the [[Indian Territory in the American Civil War|American Civil War]] (1861–1865), the policy of the U.S. government was one of [[Cultural assimilation of Native Americans#Americanization and assimilation (1857–1920)|assimilation]].

Indian Territory later came to refer to an [[Territories of the United States#Formerly unorganized territories|unorganized territory]] whose general borders were initially set by the [[Nonintercourse Act]] of 1834, and was the successor to the remainder of the [[Missouri Territory]] after [[Missouri]] received statehood. The borders of Indian Territory were reduced in size as various [[Organic act|Organic Acts]] were passed by [[United States Congress|Congress]] to create [[Territories of the United States|organized territories of the United States]]. The 1906 [[Oklahoma Enabling Act]] created the single state of [[Oklahoma]] by combining [[Oklahoma Territory]] and Indian Territory, ending the existence of an unorganized independent Indian Territory as such, and formally incorporating the tribes and residents into the United States.

Before Oklahoma statehood, Indian Territory from 1890 onward comprised the territorial holdings of the [[Cherokee Nation|Cherokee]], [[Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma|Choctaw]], [[Chickasaw Nation|Chickasaw]], [[Muscogee (Creek) Nation|Creek]], [[Seminole Nation of Oklahoma|Seminole]], and other displaced Eastern American tribes. [[Indian reservation]]s remain within the boundaries of U.S. states, but are largely exempt from state jurisdiction. The term "[[Indian country]]" today is used to signify lands under the control of Native nations, including Indian reservations, trust lands on [[Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Area]], or, more casually, to describe anywhere large numbers of Native Americans live.

==Description and geography==
[[File:Indian Country-Territory 1834.jpg|thumb|upright=1|The Indian Territory (highlighted in red) in 1834]]
[[File:U.S. General Land Office Indian Territory 1879 UTA.jpg|thumb|upright=1|A [[United States Department of the Interior|U.S. Department of Interior]] map of the Indian Territory in 1879]]
[[File:The essential facts of Oklahoma history and civics (1914) (14770610601).jpg|thumb|upright=1|A map of the gradual opening of the [[Oklahoma Territory]] and the Indian Territory, which were merged to form the state of [[Oklahoma]] in 1907]]
Indian Territory, also known as the Indian Territories and the Indian Country, was land in the [[United States]] reserved for the forced resettlement of [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native Americans]]. As such, it was not a traditional territory for the tribes settled upon it.<ref>Everett, Dianna. "[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/I/IN018.html Indian Territory] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225155712/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/I/IN018.html |date=2012-02-25 }}," ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'', published by the Oklahoma Historical Society (accessed October 17, 2013).</ref> The general borders were set by the [[Indian Intercourse Act]] of 1834. The territory was located in the [[Central United States]].

While Congress passed several [[Organic Act]]s that provided a path for statehood for much of the original [[Indian Country]], Congress never passed an Organic Act for the Indian Territory. Indian Territory was never an [[Organized incorporated territories of the United States|organized territory of the United States]]. In general, tribes could not sell land to non-Indians (''[[Johnson v. McIntosh]]''). Treaties with the tribes restricted entry of non-Indians into tribal areas; Indian tribes were largely self-governing, were [[suzerain]] nations, with established tribal governments and well established cultures. The region never had a formal government until after the [[American Civil War]].

After the Civil War, the Southern Treaty Commission re-wrote treaties with tribes that sided with the [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]], reducing the territory of the [[Five Civilized Tribes]] and providing land to resettle [[Plains Indians]] and tribes of the [[Midwestern United States]].<ref name="EOHC-STC">Pennington, William D. ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''. "Reconstruction Treaties." Retrieved February 16, 2012.[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/R/RE001.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140220113803/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/R/RE001.html|date=2014-02-20}}</ref> These re-written treaties included provisions for a territorial legislature with proportional representation from various tribes.

In time, the Indian Territory was reduced to what is now [[Oklahoma]]. The [[Oklahoma Organic Act|Organic Act of 1890]] reduced Indian Territory to the lands occupied by the Five Civilized Tribes and the Tribes of the [[Quapaw Indian Agency]] (at the borders of Kansas and Missouri). The remaining western portion of the former Indian Territory became the [[Oklahoma Territory]].

The Oklahoma Organic Act applied the laws of [[Nebraska]] to the organized Oklahoma Territory, and the laws of [[Arkansas]] to the still unorganized Indian Territory, since for years the federal U.S. District Court on the eastern borderline in [[Ft. Smith, Arkansas]] had criminal and civil jurisdiction over the territory.

==History==
===Indian Reserve and the Louisiana Purchase===
{{main|Indian Reserve (1763)}}

[[File:U.S._Territorial_Acquisitions.png|thumb|upright=1|The [[Louisiana Purchase]] (highlighted in white), one of several historical territorial additions to the United States]]
The concept of an Indian territory is the successor to the British [[Indian Reserve (1763)|Indian Reserve]], a [[British America]]n territory established by the [[Royal Proclamation of 1763]] that set aside land for use by the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American tribes]]. The proclamation limited the settlement of Europeans to lands east of the [[Appalachian Mountains]]. The territory remained active until the [[Treaty of Paris (1783)|Treaty of Paris]] that ended the [[American Revolutionary War]], and the land was ceded to the United States. The Indian Reserve was slowly reduced in size via treaties with the American colonists, and after the British defeat in the Revolutionary War, the Reserve was ignored by [[European Americans|European American]] [[settler]]s who slowly [[Territorial evolution of the United States|expanded westward]].

At the time of the American Revolutionary War, many Native American tribes had long-standing relationships with the British, and were loyal to [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]], but they had a less-developed relationship with the American colonists. After the defeat of the British in the war, the Americans twice invaded the [[Ohio Country]] and were twice defeated. They finally defeated the Indian [[Western Confederacy]] at the [[Battle of Fallen Timbers]] in 1794, and imposed the [[Treaty of Greenville]], which ceded most of what is now Ohio, part of present-day [[Indiana]], and the lands that include present-day [[Chicago]] and [[Detroit]], to the [[Federal government of the United States|United States federal government]].

The period after the American Revolutionary War was one of rapid western expansion. The areas occupied by [[Native Americans in the United States]] were called Indian country. They were distinguished from "[[Territories of the United States#Formerly unorganized territories|unorganized territory]]" because the areas were established by treaty.

In 1803, the United States agreed to purchase [[French First Republic|France]]'s claim to [[Louisiana (New France)|French Louisiana]] for a total of $15 million (less than 3 cents per acre).<ref>
{{cite web | url=http://www.blm.gov/natacq/pls02/pls1-1_02.pdf |title=Acquisition of the Public Domain, 1781–1867, Table 1.1 |access-date=2012-03-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110723183417/http://www.blm.gov/natacq/pls02/pls1-1_02.pdf |archive-date=July 23, 2011}}</ref>

President [[Thomas Jefferson]] doubted the legality of the purchase. [[Robert Livingston (1746–1813)|Robert R. Livingston]], the chief negotiator of the purchase, however, believed that the 3rd article of the treaty of the [[Louisiana Purchase]] would be acceptable to [[United States Congress|Congress]]. The 3rd article stated, in part:<ref name="Downes v Bidwell">{{cite web | url= http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/printer_friendly.pl?page=us/182/244.html| title=Downes v. Bidwell, 182 U.S. 244 (1901).| access-date=2012-03-02}}</ref>
:{{blockquote|the inhabitants of the ceded territory shall be incorporated in the Union of the United States, and admitted as soon as possible, according to the principles of the Federal Constitution, to the enjoyment of all the rights, advantages, and immunities of citizens of the United States; and in the meantime they shall be maintained and protected in the free enjoyment of their liberty, property, and the religion which they profess.|8 Stat. at L. 202}}
This committed the U.S. government to "the ultimate, but not to the immediate, admission" of the territory as multiple states, and "postponed its incorporation into the Union to the pleasure of Congress".<ref name="Downes v Bidwell"/>

After the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, President Thomas Jefferson and his successors viewed much of the land west of the Mississippi River as a place to resettle the Native Americans, so that white settlers would be free to live in the lands east of the river. [[Indian removal]] became the official policy of the United States government with the passage of the 1830 [[Indian Removal Act]], formulated by President [[Andrew Jackson]].

When [[Louisiana]] became a state in 1812, the remaining territory was renamed [[Missouri Territory]] to avoid confusion.{{Clarification needed|reason=Which confusion? Is this isupported by a source? Which one?|date=January 2025}} [[Arkansas Territory|Arkansaw Territory]], which included the present State of Arkansas plus much of the state of Oklahoma, was created out of the southern part of Missouri Territory in 1819. During negotiations with the [[Choctaw]] in 1820 for the [[Treaty of Doak's Stand]], Andrew Jackson ceded more of Arkansas Territory to the Choctaw than he realized, from what is now Oklahoma into Arkansas, east of [[Ft. Smith, Arkansas]].<ref>{{Cite web | title=Encyclopedia of Arkansas| url=https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/arkansas-state-boundaries-2546/| access-date=2020-07-09| website=Encyclopedia of Arkansas| language=en-US}}</ref> The [[General Survey Act]] of 1824 allowed a survey that established the western border of Arkansas Territory 45 miles west of Ft. Smith. But this was part of the negotiated lands of [[Lovely's Purchase]] where the [[Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)|Cherokee]], Choctaw, Creek and other tribes had been settling, and these Indian nations objected strongly. In 1828 a new survey redefined the western Arkansas border just west of Ft. Smith.<ref>{{Cite book | last=Stein, Mark| title=How the States got Their Shapes| date=2008| isbn=978-0-06-143138-8| edition=First| location=New York| publisher=HarperCollins| oclc=137324984}}</ref> After these redefinitions, the "Indian zone" would cover the present states of Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska and part of Iowa.<ref name="EOHC-Indian Territory">{{cite web |url = http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/I/IN018.html |title = Everett, Dianna. ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''. "Indian Territory." |access-date = 2012-02-15 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120225155712/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/I/IN018.html |archive-date = 2012-02-25}}</ref>

===Relocation and treaties===
{{Main|Indian Removal|American Indian Wars|Treaty of St. Louis (disambiguation){{!}}Treaty of St. Louis}}

Before the 1871 [[Indian Appropriations Act]], much of what was called Indian Territory was a large area in the central part of the United States whose boundaries were set by treaties between the US Government and various indigenous tribes. After 1871, the Federal Government dealt with Indian Tribes through statute; the 1871 Indian Appropriations Act also stated that "hereafter no Indian nation or tribe within the territory of the United States shall be acknowledged or recognized as an independent nation, tribe, or power with whom the United States may contract by treaty: Provided, further, That nothing herein contained shall be construed to invalidate or impair the obligation of any treaty heretofore lawfully made and ratified with any such Indian nation or tribe".<ref>{{cite web|title=Subchapter I – Treaties |url=http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/25C3.txt|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317074540/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/25C3.txt|archive-date=March 17, 2012|access-date=27 February 2011|work=25 USC Chapter 3 – Agreements with Indians |publisher=uscode – house.gov}}</ref><ref name="25 usc 71">25 U.S.C. § 71. Indian Appropriation Act of March 3, 1871, 16 Stat. 544, 566</ref><ref>Congress' plenary authority to "override treaty provisions and legislate for the protection of the Native Americans." United States v. City of McAlester, 604 F.2d 42, 47 (10th Cir. 1979)</ref><ref>United States v. Blackfeet Tribe of Blackfeet Indian Reservation, 364 F.Supp. 192, 194 (D.Mont. 1973) ("[A]n Indian tribe is sovereign to the extent that the United States permits it to be sovereign – neither more nor less.")</ref>

The Indian Appropriations Act also made it a federal crime to commit murder, manslaughter, rape, assault with intent to kill, arson, burglary, or larceny within any Territory of the United States. The Supreme Court affirmed the action in 1886 in ''[[United States v. Kagama]]'', which affirmed that the U.S. government has [[plenary power]] over Native American tribes within its borders using the rationalization that "The power of the general government over these remnants of a race once powerful ... is necessary to their protection as well as to the safety of those among whom they dwell".<ref>{{cite web | url=http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=118&invol=375 | title=United States v. Kagama, 118 U.S. 375 (1886), Filed May 10, 1886| access-date=2012-04-29}}</ref> While the federal government of the United States had previously recognized the Indian Tribes as semi-independent, "it has the right and authority, instead of controlling them by treaties, to govern them by acts of Congress, they being within the geographical limit of the United States ... The Indians [Native Americans] owe no allegiance to a State within which their reservation may be established, and the State gives them no protection."<ref>{{cite web | url=http://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/118/375/
| title=United States v. Kagama – 118 U.S. 375 (1886) | access-date=2012-04-29}}</ref>

===Reductions of area===
[[Image:1855 Colton Map of Kansas and Nebraska (first edition) - Geographicus - NebraskaKansas-colton-1855.jpg|thumb|upright|The [[Kansas Territory|Kansas]], [[Nebraska Territory|Nebraska]], and [[Minnesota Territory|Minnesota]] Territories in 1855]]

White settlers continued to flood into Indian country. As the population increased, the homesteaders could petition Congress for creation of a territory. This would initiate an [[Organic Act]], which established a three-part territorial government. The governor and judiciary were appointed by the President of the United States, while the legislature was elected by citizens residing in the territory. One non-voting representative was allowed a seat in the [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House of Representatives]]. The federal government took responsibility for territorial affairs. Later, the inhabitants of the territory could apply for admission as a full state. No such action was taken for the so-called Indian Territory, so that area was not treated as a legal territory.<ref name="EOHC-Indian Territory"/>

The reduction of the land area of Indian Territory (or Indian Country, as defined in the [[Indian Intercourse Act]] of 1834), the successor of Missouri Territory began almost immediately after its creation with:
* [[Wisconsin Territory]] formed in 1836 from lands east of the Mississippi and between the Mississippi and [[Missouri River|Missouri]] rivers. Wisconsin became a state in 1848
** [[Iowa Territory]] (land between the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers) was split from Wisconsin Territory in 1838 and became a state in 1846.
*** [[Minnesota Territory]] was split from Iowa Territory in 1849 and part of the Minnesota Territory became the state of Minnesota in 1858
* [[Dakota Territory]] was organized in 1861 from the northern part of Indian Country and Minnesota Territory. The name refers to the Dakota branch of the [[Sioux]] tribes.
** [[North Dakota]] and [[South Dakota]] became separate states simultaneously in 1889.
** Present-day states of [[Montana]] and [[Wyoming]] were also part of the original Dakota Territory
Indian Country was reduced to the approximate boundaries of the current state of Oklahoma by the [[Kansas–Nebraska Act]] of 1854, which created [[Kansas Territory]] and [[Nebraska Territory]]. The key boundaries of the territories were:
* [[40th parallel north|40° N]] the current Kansas–Nebraska border
* [[37th parallel north|37° N]] the current Kansas–Oklahoma (Indian Territory) border
[[Kansas]] became a state in 1861, and Nebraska became a state in 1867. In 1890 the [[Oklahoma Organic Act]] created Oklahoma Territory out of the western part of Indian Territory, in anticipation of admitting both Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory as a future single State of Oklahoma.

Some in federal leadership, such as Secretary of State [[William H. Seward]], did not believe in the rights of Indians to continue their separate tribal governments, and vocally championed opening the area to white settlement while campaigning for [[Abraham Lincoln]] in 1860.<ref>{{cite news |last=Huston |first=James L.|url=https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry?entry=CI011 |title=The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture: Civil War Era |work=[[Oklahoma Historical Society]] |date= |access-date=June 20, 2024 }}</ref>
Some historians argued Seward's words steered many tribes, notably the Cherokee<ref>{{Citation | last = Gibson| first = Arrell| title = Oklahoma, a History of Five Centuries | publisher = University of Oklahoma Press| year = 1981| isbn = 0-8061-1758-3}}</ref> and the Choctaw<ref>{{cite book|last = Debo|first = Angie|title = The Rise and Fall of the Choctaw Republic|publisher = University of Oklahoma Press|chapter = The Civil War and Reconstruction|page = 80|year = 1934}}</ref> into [[List of treaties of the Confederate States of America|an alliance]] with the Confederate States.

===Civil War and Reconstruction===
{{Main|Indian Territory in the American Civil War|Native Americans in the American Civil War|Choctaw in the American Civil War|Cherokee in the American Civil War|Reconstruction Treaties|Medicine Lodge Treaty|Cultural assimilation of Native Americans}}

At the beginning of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], Indian Territory had been essentially reduced to the boundaries of the present-day U.S. state of [[Oklahoma]], and the primary residents of the territory were members of the Five Civilized Tribes or [[Plains tribes]] that had been relocated to the western part of the territory on land leased from the Five Civilized Tribes. In 1861, the U.S. abandoned [[Fort Washita]], leaving the [[Chickasaw#American Civil War (1861)|Chickasaw]] and Choctaw Nations defenseless against the Plains tribes. Later the same year, the [[Confederate States of America]] signed a [[Treaty with Choctaws and Chickasaws]]. Ultimately, the Five Civilized Tribes and other tribes that had been relocated to the area, signed treaties of friendship with the Confederacy.

During the Civil War, Congress gave the U.S. president the authority to, if a tribe was "in a state of actual hostility to the government of the United States... and, by proclamation, to declare all treaties with such tribe to be abrogated by such tribe"(25 USC Sec. 72).
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/25C3.txt |title=Act of Congress, R.S. Sec. 2080 derived from act July 5, 1862, ch. 135, Sec. 1, 12 Stat. 528. |access-date=2012-02-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317074540/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/25C3.txt |archive-date=March 17, 2012 }}</ref>

Members of the Five Civilized Tribes, and others who had relocated to the Oklahoma section of Indian Territory, fought primarily on the side of the Confederacy during the [[Indian Territory in the American Civil War|American Civil War in Indian territory]]. Brigadier General [[Stand Watie]], a Confederate commander of the [[Cherokee Nation (19th century)|Cherokee Nation]], became the last Confederate general to surrender in the American Civil War, near the community of [[Doaksville]] on June 23, 1865. The [[Reconstruction Treaties]] signed at the end of the Civil War fundamentally changed the relationship between the tribes and the U.S. government.

The [[Reconstruction era]] played out differently in Indian Territory and for Native Americans than for the rest of the country. In 1862, Congress passed a law that allowed the president, by proclamation, to cancel treaties with Indian Nations siding with the Confederacy (25 USC 72).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/25C3.txt |title=Abrogation of treaties (25 USC Sec. 72) Codification R.S. Sec. 2080 derived from act July 5, 1862, ch. 135, Sec. 1, 12 Stat. 528. |access-date=2012-02-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317074540/http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/25C3.txt |archive-date=March 17, 2012 }}</ref>
The [[United States House Committee on Territories]] (created in 1825) was examining the effectiveness of the policy of Indian removal, which was after the war considered to be of limited effectiveness. It was decided that a new policy of [[Cultural assimilation of Native Americans#Americanization and assimilation (1857–1920)|Assimilation]] would be implemented. To implement the new policy, the Southern Treaty Commission was created by Congress to write new treaties with the Tribes siding with the Confederacy.

[[File:Indian terr. 1890.svg|right|thumb|upright=1|The post-Civil War Indian Territory shaded in orange with its former western lands seized by the federal government (the future Oklahoma Territory), shaded in light orange, {{Circa|1890}}. The [[Oklahoma Panhandle|Panhandle]] is not shaded as it was a ''No Man's Land'' that was never ruled by any of the Five Tribes which governed the territory before the War.]]

After the Civil War the Southern Treaty Commission re-wrote treaties with tribes that sided with the Confederacy, reducing the territory of the Five Civilized Tribes and providing land to resettle Plains Native Americans and tribes of the mid-west.<ref>Pennington, William D. '''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'''. "Reconstruction Treaties." Retrieved February 16, 2012. [http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/R/RE001.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140220113803/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/R/RE001.html|date=2014-02-20}}</ref> General components of replacement treaties signed in 1866 include:<ref name="Choctaw Chickasaw 1866"/>
* Abolition of slavery
* Amnesty for siding with Confederate States of America
* Agreement to legislation that Congress and the President "may deem necessary for the better administration of justice and the protection of the rights of person and property within the Indian territory."
* That the tribes grant right of way for rail roads authorized by Congress; A [[land patent]], or "first-title deed" to alternate sections of land adjacent to rail roads would be granted to the rail road upon completion of each 20 mile section of track and water stations
* That within each county, a quarter section of land be held in trust for the establishment of seats of justice therein, and also as many quarter-sections as the said legislative councils may deem proper for the permanent endowment of schools
* Provision for each man, woman, and child to receive 160 acres of land as an allotment. (The allotment policy was later codified on a national basis through the passage of The [[Dawes Act]], also called General Allotment Act, or Dawes Severalty Act of 1887)
* That a land patent, or "first-title deed" be issued as evidence of allotment, "issued by the President of the United States, and countersigned by the chief executive officer of the nation in which the land lies"
* That treaties and parts of treaties inconsistent with the replacement treaties to be null and void.

One component of assimilation would be the distribution of property held in-common by the tribe to individual members of the tribe.<ref>Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek: Hearings on H.R. 19213 Before the H. Subcomm. on Indian Affairs, at 24 (February 14, 1912) (statement of Hon. Byron P. Harrison) ("While the {1866 Treaty of Washington} contemplated the immediate allotment in severalty of the lands in the Choctaw-Chickasaw country, yet such allotment in severalty to anyone was never made under such treaty, and has only been consummated since the breaking up of the tribal organization and preparatory to the organization of the State of Oklahoma.")</ref>

The [[Medicine Lodge Treaty]] is the overall name given to three treaties signed in [[Medicine Lodge, Kansas]] between the U.S. government and southern Plains Indian tribes who would ultimately reside in the western part of Indian Territory (ultimately Oklahoma Territory). The first treaty was signed October 21, 1867, with the [[Kiowa]] and [[Comanche]] tribes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/kio0977.htm|title=Treaty with the Kiowa and Comanche, 1867 (15 Stats., 581) (Medicine Lodge Treaty #1)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111126182821/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/kio0977.htm|archive-date=2011-11-26}}</ref>
The second, with the [[Plains Apache]], was signed the same day.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/kio0982.htm|title=Treaty with the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache, 1867" (Medicine Lodge Treaty #2), (15 Stats. 589)|access-date=2012-02-29|archive-date=2017-05-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170530230852/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/kio0982.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> The third treaty was signed with the [[Southern Cheyenne]] and [[Arapaho]] on October 28.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/che0984.htm|title=Treaty with the Cheyenne and Arapaho, 1867" (Medicine Lodge Treaty #3), (15 Stats. 593)|access-date=2012-02-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629043849/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/che0984.htm|archive-date=2009-06-29|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Another component of assimilation was homesteading. The [[Homestead Act of 1862]] was signed into law by President [[Abraham Lincoln]]. The Act gave an applicant [[freehold (law)|freehold]] [[Title (property)|title]] to an area called a "homestead" – typically 160 acres (65 hectares or one-fourth [[Section (United States land surveying)|section]]) of undeveloped [[federal land]]. Within Indian Territory, as lands were removed from communal tribal ownership, a land patent (or first-title deed) was given to tribal members. The remaining land was sold on a first-come basis, typically by [[land run]], with settlers also receiving a land patent type deed. For these now former Indian lands, the [[United States General Land Office]] distributed the sales funds to the various tribal entities, according to previously negotiated terms.

It was in 1866 during treaty negotiations with the federal government on the use of the land, that Choctaw Nation Chief [[Allen Wright|Kiliahote]] suggested that Indian Territory be given the name ''Oklahoma,'' which derives from the [[Choctaw language|Choctaw]] phrase {{lang|cho|okla}}, 'people', and {{lang|cho|humma}}, translated as 'red'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Choctaw Dictionary » Search Results » humma|url=https://www.webonary.org/byington-choctaw?s=humma&search=Search&key=&tax=-1&search_options_set=1&match_whole_words=1&displayAdvancedSearchName=0|access-date=2021-10-12|language=en-US}}</ref> He envisioned an all–American Indian state controlled by the tribes and overseen by the United States [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Superintendent of Indian Affairs]]. ''Oklahoma'' later became the de facto name for [[Oklahoma Territory]], and it was officially approved in 1890, two years after that area was opened to white settlers.<ref name="Oklahoma's Name">{{cite web|title=Chronicles of Oklahoma|first=Muriel|last=Wright|publisher=Oklahoma State University|date=June 1936|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/Chronicles/v014/v014p156.html|access-date=July 31, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013231154/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/Chronicles/v014/v014p156.html |archive-date=October 13, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|year=2007|url=http://www.state.ok.us/osfdocs/stinfo2.html|title=Oklahoma State History and Information|website=A Look at Oklahoma|publisher=Oklahoma Department of Tourism and Recreation|access-date=June 7, 2006|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060729003635/http://www.state.ok.us/osfdocs/stinfo2.html|archive-date=July 29, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Merserve|first=John|year=1941|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/chronicles/v019/v019p314.html|title=Chief Allen Wright|website=Chronicles of Oklahoma|access-date=June 7, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060507052851/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/chronicles/v019/v019p314.html|archive-date=May 7, 2006}}</ref>

===Oklahoma Territory, end of territories upon statehood===
{{Historical populations
|type= United States
|1890|180,182
|1900|392,060
|footnote=Source: 1890–1900<ref name="Forstall pp. 47–49">{{cite report|editor-last=Forstall|editor-first=Richard L.|title=Population of the States and Counties of the United States: 1790–1990|page=132|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/population-of-states-and-counties-us-1790-1990/population-of-states-and-counties-of-the-united-states-1790-1990.pdf|access-date=May 18, 2020}}</ref>
}}
The Oklahoma Organic Act of 1890 created an organized Oklahoma Territory of the United States, with the intent of combining the Oklahoma and Indian territories into a single State of Oklahoma. The citizens of Indian Territory tried, in 1905, to gain admission to the union as the [[State of Sequoyah]], but were rebuffed by [[United States Congress|Congress]] and an Administration which did not want two new Western states, Sequoyah and Oklahoma. [[Theodore Roosevelt]] then proposed a compromise that would join Indian Territory with Oklahoma Territory to form a single state. This resulted in passage of the [[Oklahoma Enabling Act]], which President Roosevelt signed June 16, 1906.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol3/HTML_files/SES0186.html#sec2a | title=Enabling Act (Oklahoma) Public Law 234, HR 12797, Jun 16, 1906 (59th Congress, Session 1, chapter 3335 | access-date=2012-01-30 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170646/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol3/HTML_files/SES0186.html#sec2a | archive-date=March 3, 2016 | url-status=dead }}</ref> empowered the people residing in Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory to elect delegates to a state constitutional convention and subsequently to be admitted to the union as a single state. Citizens then joined to seek admission of a single state to the Union.

With Oklahoma statehood in November 1907, Indian Territory was effectively extinguished. However, in 2020, the United States Supreme Court prompted a review of tribal lands through its decision in [[McGirt v. Oklahoma]]. Subsequently, almost the entire eastern half of Oklahoma was found to have remained [[Indian country]].

==Tribes==
===Tribes indigenous to Oklahoma===
{{main|History of Oklahoma|Southern Plains Villagers|Caddoan Mississippian culture|Wichita people}}

[[File:Two Wichita girls in summer dress, 1870 - NARA - 520081.tif|thumb|upright=1|Two female [[Wichita people]] in summer dress in 1870]]
[[File:Spiro Aerial HRoe 2016.jpg|thumb|upright=1|An artist's 2016 depiction of [[Spiro Mounds]], a [[Caddoan Mississippian culture|Caddoan Mississippian]] site, as seen from the west]]
[[File:William S. Soule - Caddo village.jpg|thumb|upright=1|A [[Caddo]] village near [[Anadarko, Oklahoma]] in the 1870s]]
Indian Territory marks the confluence of the [[Southern Plains]] and [[Southeastern Woodlands]] [[cultural region]]s. Its western region is part of the [[Great Plains]], subjected to extended periods of [[drought]] and high winds, and the [[Ozark Plateau]] is to the east in a [[humid subtropical climate]] zone. Tribes indigenous to the present day state of Oklahoma include both [[Agriculture|agrarian]] and [[hunter-gatherer]] tribes. The arrival of horses with the Spanish in the 16th century ushered in [[horse culture]]-era, when tribes could adopt a [[nomadic]] lifestyle and follow abundant [[American bison|bison]] herds.

The [[Southern Plains villagers]], an archaeological culture that flourished from 800 to 1500 AD, lived in semi-sedentary villages throughout the western part of Indian Territory, where they farmed [[maize]] and hunted buffalo. They are likely ancestors of the [[Wichita and Affiliated Tribes]]. The ancestors of the Wichita have lived in the eastern Great Plains from the Red River north to Nebraska for at least 2,000 years.<ref>Schlesier, Karl H. ''Plains Indians, 500–1500 AD: The Archaeological Past of Historic Groups''. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1994: 347–348.</ref> The early Wichita people were hunters and gatherers who gradually adopted agriculture. By about 900 AD, farming villages began to appear on terraces above the [[Washita River]] and [[Canadian River|South Canadian River]] in Oklahoma.

Member tribes of the [[Caddo Confederacy]] lived in the eastern part of Indian Territory and are ancestors of the [[Caddo]] Nation. The Caddo people speak a [[Caddoan languages|Caddoan language]] and is a confederation of several tribes who traditionally inhabited much of what is now [[East Texas]], [[North Louisiana]], and portions of southern [[Arkansas]], and [[Oklahoma]]. The tribe was once part of the [[Caddoan Mississippian culture]] and thought to be an extension of woodland period peoples who started inhabiting the area around 200 BC. In an 1835 Treaty <ref>{{cite web|url= http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/cad0432.htm|title= Treaty with the Caddo, July 1, 1835 (7 Stat., 470)|access-date= 2012-03-01|archive-date= 2012-02-17|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120217112801/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/cad0432.htm|url-status= dead}}</ref> made at the agency-house in the [[Caddo]] Nation and state of [[Louisiana]], the Caddo Nation sold their tribal lands to the U.S. In 1846, the Caddo, along with several other tribes, signed a treaty that made the Caddo a protectorate of the U.S. and established framework of a legal system between the Caddo and the U.S.<ref name="Comanche 1846"/> Tribal headquarters are in [[Binger, Oklahoma]].

The Wichita and Caddo both spoke [[Caddoan languages]], as did the [[Kichai people]], who were also indigenous to what is now Oklahoma and ultimately became part of the [[Wichita and Affiliated Tribes]]. The Wichita (and other tribes) signed a treaty of friendship with the U.S. in 1835.<ref name="Comanche 1835"/> The tribe's headquarters are in [[Anadarko, Oklahoma]].

In the 18th century, prior to [[Indian Removal]] by the U.S. federal government, the [[Kiowa]], [[Apache]], and [[Comanche]] people entered into Indian Territory from the west, and the [[Quapaw]] and [[Osage Nation|Osage]] entered from the east. During Indian Removal of the 19th century, additional tribes received their land either by treaty via land grant from the [[federal government of the United States]] or they purchased the land receiving [[fee simple]] [[Recording (real estate)|recorded title]].

===Tribes from the Southeastern Woodlands===
{{Main|Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands}}

[[File:Etowah Aerial HRoe 2016.jpg|thumb|upright=1|The [[Mississippian culture]] was a [[Mound Builders|mound-building]] Native American culture that flourished in North America before the arrival of Europeans.]]
[[File:Cherokee National Capitol.jpg|right|thumb|upright=1|[[Cherokee National Capitol|Cherokee Nation Historic Courthouse]] in [[Tahlequah, Oklahoma]], built in 1849, the oldest public building standing in [[Oklahoma]]<ref>Moser, George W. [http://www.leftmoon.com/cherokee10/history.asp A Brief History of Cherokee Lodge #10] (retrieved 26 June 2009).</ref>]]
[[File:choctaw capitol museum.jpg|right|thumb|upright=1|The historic Choctaw Capitol of [[Tuskahoma, Oklahoma]], built in 1884]]
Many of the tribes forcibly relocated to Indian Territory were from [[Southeastern United States]], including the so-called [[Five Civilized Tribes]] or [[Cherokee]], [[Chickasaw]], [[Choctaw]], [[Muscogee Creeks]], and [[Seminole]], but also the [[Natchez people|Natchez]], [[Yuchi people|Yuchi]], [[Alabama people|Alabama]], [[Koasati people|Koasati]], and [[Caddo people]].

Between 1814 and 1840, the [[Five Civilized Tribes]] had gradually ceded most of their lands in the Southeast section of the US through a series of treaties. The southern part of Indian Country (what eventually became the State of Oklahoma) served as the destination for the policy of Indian removal, a policy pursued intermittently by [[President of the United States|American presidents]] early in the 19th century, but aggressively pursued by President Andrew Jackson after the passage of the Indian Removal Act of 1830. The Five Civilized Tribes in the [[Southern United States|South]] were the most prominent tribes displaced by the policy, a relocation that came to be known as the [[Trail of Tears]] during the Choctaw removals starting in 1831. The trail ended in what is now Arkansas and Oklahoma, where there were already many Indians living in the territory, as well as whites and escaped slaves. Other tribes, such as the [[Lenape|Delaware]], [[Cheyenne]], and [[Apache]] were also forced to relocate to the Indian territory.

The [[Five Civilized Tribes]] established tribal capitals in the following towns:
* [[Cherokee Nation]] – [[Tahlequah, Oklahoma|Tahlequah]]
* [[Chickasaw Nation]] – [[Tishomingo, Oklahoma|Tishomingo]] (later moved to [[Ada, Oklahoma|Ada]])
* [[Choctaw Nation]] – [[Tuskahoma, Oklahoma|Tuskahoma]] (later moved to [[Durant, Oklahoma|Durant]])
* [[Muscogee (Creek) Nation|Creek Nation]] – [[Okmulgee, Oklahoma|Okmulgee]]
* [[Seminole Nation of Oklahoma|Seminole Nation]] – [[Wewoka, Oklahoma|Wewoka]]

These tribes founded towns such as [[Tulsa]], [[Ardmore, Oklahoma|Ardmore]], [[Muskogee, Oklahoma|Muskogee]], which became some of the larger towns in the state. They also brought their African [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] to Oklahoma, which added to the [[African Americans|African American]] population in the state.
* Beginning in 1783, the [[List of Choctaw treaties|Choctaw signed a series of treaties]] with the Americans. The [[Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek]] was the first removal treaty carried into effect under the Indian Removal Act, ceding land in the future state of [[Mississippi]] in exchange for land in the future state of Oklahoma, resulting in the [[Choctaw Trail of Tears]].
* The [[Muscogee (Creek) Nation]] began the process of moving to Indian Territory with the 1814 [[Treaty of Fort Jackson]] and the [[Treaty of Washington (1826)|1826 Treaty of Washington]]. The 1832 [[Treaty of Cusseta]] ceded all Creek claims east of the [[Mississippi River]] to the United States.
* In 1828, a group of [[Cherokee in Arkansas]] moved to Indian Territory. The 1835 the [[Treaty of New Echota]] established terms under which the entire [[Cherokee Nation]] was expected to cede its territory in the Southeast and move to Indian Territory. Although the treaty was not approved by the Cherokee National Council, it was ratified by the [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] and resulted in the [[Cherokee Trail of Tears]].
* The [[Chickasaw#Removal era (1837)|Chickasaw]], rather than receiving [[land grants]] in exchange for ceding [[indigenous land rights]], received financial compensation. The tribe negotiated a $3 million payment for their native lands, which was not fully funded by the U.S. for 30 years. In 1836, the [[Chickasaw]] agreed to purchase land from the previously removed Choctaws for $530,000.<ref>{{cite book | first1 = Jesse | last1 = Burt | first2 = Bob | last2 = Ferguson | title = Indians of the Southeast: Then and Now | year = 1973 | publisher = Nashville and New York: Abingdon Press | chapter = The Removal | pages = [https://archive.org/details/indiansofsouthea00burt/page/170 170–173] | isbn = 978-0-687-18793-5 | chapter-url-access = registration | chapter-url = https://archive.org/details/indiansofsouthea00burt/page/170 }}</ref>
* The [[Seminole]] People, originally from the present-day state of [[Florida]], signed the [[Treaty of Payne's Landing]] in 1832, in response to the 1830 [[Indian Removal Act]], that forced the tribes to move to Indian Territory in present-day [[Oklahoma]]. In October 1832, a delegation arrived in Indian Territory and conferred with the Creek Nation tribe that had already been removed to the area. In 1833, an agreement was signed at [[Fort Gibson, Oklahoma|Fort Gibson]] (on the [[Arkansas River]] just east of Muskogee, Oklahoma), accepting the area in the western part of the Creek Nation. However, the chiefs in Florida did not agree to the agreement. In spite of the disagreement, the treaty was ratified by the U.S. Senate in April 1834.

===Tribes from the Great Lakes and Northeastern Woodlands===
[[File:Lenape01.jpg|thumb|upright=1|Jennie Bobb (left) and her daughter Nellie Longhat (right), both members of the [[Delaware Nation]] in [[Oklahoma]] in 1915]]
[[File:Peoria moccasins OK 1860 OHS.jpg|thumb|Moccasins beaded by the [[Peoria people]] c. 1860, now housed in the [[Oklahoma History Center]]]]
The [[Western Lakes Confederacy]] was a loose confederacy of tribes around the [[Great Lakes region]], organized following the American Revolutionary War to resist the expansion of the United States into the [[Northwest Territory]]. Members of the confederacy were ultimately removed to the present-day Oklahoma, including the [[Shawnee]], [[Delaware people|Delaware]], also called [[Lenape]], [[Miami people|Miami]], and [[Kickapoo people|Kickapoo]].

The area of [[Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma]] was used to resettle the [[Iowa people|Iowa]], [[Sac and Fox]], [[Absentee Shawnee]], [[Potawatomi]], and [[Kickapoo people|Kickapoo]] tribes.

The [[Council of Three Fires]] is an alliance of the [[Ojibwe]], [[Odawa people|Odawa]], and [[Potawatomi]] tribes. In the [[Second Treaty of Prairie du Chien]] in 1829, the tribes of the Council of Three Fires ceded to the United States their lands in [[Illinois]], [[Michigan]], and [[Wisconsin]]. The 1833 Treaty of Chicago forced the members of the Council of Three Fires to move first to present-day [[Iowa]], then [[Kansas]] and [[Nebraska]] and ultimately to [[Oklahoma]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.kansasheritage.org/PBP/books/treaties/t_1833.html| title=1833 Treaty with the Chippewa, etc.| access-date=2012-02-29}}</ref>

The Illinois Potawatomi moved to present-day Nebraska and the Indiana Potawatomi moved to present-day [[Osawatomie, Kansas]], an event known as the [[Potawatomi Trail of Death]]. The group settling in Nebraska adapted to the Plains Indian culture but the group settling in Kansas remained steadfast to their [[woodlands culture]]. In 1867, part of the Kansas group negotiated the "Treaty of Washington with the Potawatomi" in which the Kansas [[Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation]] split and part of their land in Kansas was sold, purchasing land near present-day [[Shawnee, Oklahoma]], they became the [[Citizen Potawatomi Nation]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.kansasheritage.org/pbp/books/treaties/t_1867.html| title=Treaty of Washington with the Potawatomi 1867| access-date=2012-02-29| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324172145/http://www.kansasheritage.org/PBP/books/treaties/t_1867.html| archive-date=2012-03-24| url-status=dead}}</ref>

The Odawa tribe first purchased lands near [[Ottawa, Kansas]], residing there until 1867 when they sold their lands in Kansas and purchased land in an area administered by the [[Quapaw Indian Agency]] in [[Ottawa County, Oklahoma]], becoming the [[Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma]].

The [[Peoria tribe]], native to [[Southern Illinois]], moved south to [[Missouri]] then and [[Kansas]], where they joined the [[Piankashaw]], [[Kaskaskia]], and [[Wea]] tribes. Under stipulations of the Omnibus Treaty of 1867, these confederated tribes and the [[Miami tribe]] left Kansas for Indian Territory on lands purchased from the [[Quapaw]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Roberson|first1=Glen|title=Peoria|url=http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=PE013|website=The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture|access-date=21 December 2017|date=2009}}</ref>

====Iroquois Confederacy====
{{main|Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of Oklahoma}}

The [[Iroquois Confederacy]] was an alliance of tribes, originally from the [[Upstate New York]] area consisting of the [[Seneca tribe|Seneca]], [[Cayuga tribe|Cayuga]], [[Onondaga people|Onondaga]], [[Oneida tribe|Oneida]], [[Mohawk nation|Mohawk]], and, later, [[Tuscarora people|Tuscarora]]. In the pre-[[American Revolutionary War|Revolutionary War]] era, their confederacy expanded to areas from [[Kentucky]] and [[Virginia]] north. All of the members of the Confederacy, except the Oneida and Tuscarora, allied with the [[Kingdom of Great Britain|British]] during the Revolutionary War, and were forced to cede their land after the war. Most moved to [[Canada]] after the [[Treaty of Canandaigua]] in 1794, though some remained in [[New York (state)|New York state]] and some moved to [[Ohio]], where they joined the Shawnee.

The 1838 and 1842 [[Treaties of Buffalo Creek]] were treaties with New York Indians, such as the Seneca, Mohawk, Cayuga, and [[Oneida Indian Nation]], which covered land sales of tribal reservations under the U.S. Indian removal program, under which they planned to move most eastern tribes to Indian Territory. Initially, the tribes were moved to the present state of [[History of Kansas#1820s–1840s: Indian territory|Kansas]], and later to [[Oklahoma]] on land administered by the Quapaw Indian Agency.

===Plains Indian tribes===
{{Main|Plains Indians|Medicine Lodge Treaty|Treaty of St. Louis (1818)|Native American tribes in Nebraska}}

[[File:Catlinpaint.jpg|right|thumb|upright=1|[[Tipi]]s painted by [[George Catlin]], c. 1830]]
[[Image:Pawnee01.png|thumb|upright=1|[[Plains Indians]] at time of European contact and their current homelands]]
[[Image:Siouan langs.png|thumb|upright=1|[[Western Siouan languages]] prior to European settlements]]
Western Indian Territory is part of the Southern Plains and is the ancestral home of the [[Wichita people]], a Plains tribe. Additional [[indigenous peoples of the Plains]] entered Indian Territory during the horse culture era. Prior to adoption of the horse, some Plains Indian tribes were agrarian and others were [[hunter-gatherer]]s. Some tribes used the dog as a [[draft animal]] to pull small [[travois]] (or sleighs) to help move from place to place; however, by the 18th century, many Southern Plains tribes adopted the [[horse culture]] and became [[nomadic]]. The [[tipi]], an animal hide lodge, was used by [[Plains Indians]] as a dwelling because they were portable and could be reconstructed quickly when the tribe settled in a new area for hunting or ceremonies.

The Arapaho historically had assisted the Cheyenne and [[Lakota people]] in driving the [[Kiowa]] and [[Comanche]] south from the Northern Plains, their hunting area ranged from Montana to Texas. Kiowa and Comanche controlled a vast expanse of territory from the Arkansas River to the Brazos River. By 1840 many plains tribes had made peace with each other and developed [[Plains Indian Sign Language]] as a means of communicate with their allies.

* The [[Kaw people|Kaw]] speak one of the [[Siouan languages]] and were originally from the Kansas area; the name Kansas is derived from the tribe's name. The Kaw are closely related to the Osage Nation and Ponca tribes, who first settled in Nebraska, being from the same tribe before migrating from the Ohio valley in the mid-17th century. On June 4, 1873, the Kaw removed themselves from Kansas to an area that would become [[Kay County, Oklahoma]], tribal headquarters is in [[Kaw City, Oklahoma]].
* The [[Ponca]] speak one of the Siouan languages and are closely related to the Osage Nation and Kaw tribes. The Ponca tribe were never at war with the U.S. and signed the first peace treaty in 1817.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/P/PO007.html| title=1817 Ponca Treaty with the U.S.| access-date=2012-03-01| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114055514/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/P/PO007.html| archive-date=2012-01-14| url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1858 the Ponca signed a treaty, ceding part of their land to the United States in return for annuities, payment of $1.25 per acre from settlers, protection from hostile tribes and a permanent reservation home on the [[Niobrara River]] at the confluence with the Missouri River.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/pon0772.htm| title= 1858 Ponca Treaty with the U.S.| access-date= 2012-03-01| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150213034753/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/pon0772.htm| archive-date= 2015-02-13| url-status= dead}}</ref> In the 1868 U.S.-Sioux [[Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)|Treaty of Fort Laramie]]<ref name="1868 Sioux Treaty">{{cite web|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/vol2/treaties/sio0998.htm|title=US-Sioux Treaty of 1868|access-date=2011-11-04|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111126131814/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sio0998.htm|archive-date=2011-11-26}}</ref> the US mistakenly included Ponca lands in present-day Nebraska in the [[Great Sioux Reservation]] of present-day South Dakota. Conflict between the Ponca and the Sioux/Lakota, who now claimed the land as their own by U.S. law, forced the U.S. to remove the Ponca from their own ancestral lands to Indian Territory in 1877, parts of the current Kay and [[Noble County, Oklahoma|Noble]] counties in Oklahoma. The land proved to be less than desirable for agriculture and many of the tribe moved back to Nebraska. In 1881, the US returned {{convert|26236|acre|km2}} of [[Knox County, Nebraska]], to the Ponca, and about half the tribe moved back north from Indian Territory. Today, the [[Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma]] have their headquarters in [[Ponca City, Oklahoma]].
* The [[Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians]], speak one of the Siouan languages and split away from the [[Ho-Chunk]] in Wisconsin prior to European contact. The tribe is made up of [[Otoe tribe|Otoe]] and [[Missouria]] Indians, is located in part of Noble County, Oklahoma with tribal offices in [[Red Rock, Oklahoma]]. Both tribes originated in the Great Lakes region by the 16th century had settled near the Missouri and [[Grand River (Missouri)|Grand River]]s in [[Missouri]].<ref>{{cite web|url = http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/O/OT001.html|title = May, John D. Otoe-Missouria. ''Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History & Culture''|access-date = 2012-03-01|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100720001619/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/O/OT001.html|archive-date = 2010-07-20}}</ref>

[[Image:Algonquian langs.png|thumb|upright=1|[[Algonquian languages]] prior to European settlements]]
[[Image:Uto-Aztecan langs.png|thumb|upright=1|Northern [[Uto-Aztecan languages]] prior to European settlements]]
* The [[Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes]] of Oklahoma are a united tribe of the Southern Arapaho and the Southern Cheyenne people, headquartered in [[Concho, Oklahoma]] (a rural suburb of [[Oklahoma City, Oklahoma|Oklahoma City]].)
** The [[Cheyenne]] were originally an agrarian people in present-day [[Minnesota]] and speak an [[Algonquian languages|Algonquian language]]. In 1877, after the [[Battle of the Little Bighorn]] in present-day Montana, a group of Cheyenne were escorted to Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma). However, they were not used to the dry heat climate and food was insufficient and of poor quality. A group of Cheyenne left the territory without permission to [[Northern Cheyenne Exodus|travel back north]]. Ultimately, the military gave up attempting to relocate the Northern Cheyenne back to Oklahoma and a Northern Cheyenne reservation was established in Montana
** The [[Arapaho]] came from the present-day [[Saskatchewan]], Montana, and Wyoming area, and speak an Algonquian language.
* The [[Comanche]] lived in the upper [[Platte River]] in Wyoming breaking off from the [[Shoshone]] people in the late 17th century, and speak a [[Numic]] language of the [[Uto-Aztecan]] family. A nomadic people, the Comanche never developed the political idea of forming a single nation or tribe instead existing as multiple autonomous bands. The Comanche (and other tribes) signed a treaty of friendship with the U.S. in 1835.<ref name="Comanche 1835">{{cite web|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/com0435.htm|title=Treaty with the Comanche, Etc., Aug. 24, 1835. (7 Stat., 474) Treaty of Friendship between U.S. and Comanche and Witchetaw nations, and Cherokee Muscogee, Choctaw, Osage, Seneca and Quapaw and established framework for legal system supervised by U.S. Signed on the eastern border of the Grand Prairie, near the Canadian river, in the Muscogee nation|access-date=2012-03-02|archive-date=2012-02-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215215155/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/com0435.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> An additional treaty was signed in 1846.<ref name="Comanche 1846"/> In 1875, the last free band of Comanches, led by [[Quanah Parker]], surrendered and moved to the [[Fort Sill]] reservation in Oklahoma. The Comanche Nation is headquartered in [[Lawton, Oklahoma]].
* The [[Pawnee people|Pawnee]] speak a [[Caddoan languages|Caddoan language]]. Originally from the area around [[Omaha, Nebraska]]. In the 16th century [[Francisco Vásquez de Coronado]] had an encounter with a Pawnee chief. In the 1830s exposure to infectious diseases, such as [[measles]], [[smallpox]] and [[cholera]] decimated the tribe. The 1857 Treaty with the Pawnee,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/paw0764.htm| title=1957 Treaty with the Pawnee| access-date=2012-03-01| archive-date=2012-02-16| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216071302/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/paw0764.htm| url-status=dead}}</ref> their range was reduced to an area around [[Nance County, Nebraska]]. In 1874 the tribe was relocated to land in the [[Cherokee Outlet]] in Oklahoma Territory, in [[Pawnee County, Oklahoma]]. Tribal Headquarters are in [[Pawnee, Oklahoma]].
* The [[Tonkawa]] speak a [[language isolate]], that is a language with no known related languages. The Tonkawa seem to have inhabited northeastern Oklahoma in the 15th century. However, by the 18th century the Plains Apache had pushed the Tonkawa south to what is now southern Texas. After Texas was admitted as a State, the Tonkawa signed the 1846 Treaty with the Comanche and other Tribes at Council Springs, Texas.<ref name="Comanche 1846">
{{cite web|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/com0554.htm|title=Treaty with the Comanche, Aionai, Anadarko, Caddo, etc., Wacoes, Keeches, Tonkaways, Wichetas, Towa-KarroesMay 15, 1846, (9 Stat., 844). The treaty established the US as a protectorate of the tribes and established legal procedures between tribes and the U.S., Signed at Council Springs, Texas|access-date=2012-03-01|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615184447/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/com0554.htm|archive-date=June 15, 2010}}</ref> After siding with the Confederacy, acting as scouts for the [[Texas Ranger Division|Texas Rangers]], the [[Tonkawa Massacre]], occurring near Lawton, Oklahoma, killed about half of the tribe. In 1891 the Tonkawa were offered allotments in the Cherokee Outlet near present-day [[Tonkawa, Oklahoma]].
* The [[Kiowa]] originated in the area of [[Glacier National Park (US)|Glacier National Park, Montana]] and speak a [[Kiowa-Tanoan]] language. In the 18th century the Kiowa and Plains Apache moved to the plains adjacent to the [[Arkansas River]] in Colorado and Kansas and the Red River of the Texas Panhandle and Oklahoma. In 1837 the Kiowa (and other tribes) signed a treaty of friendship with the U.S. that established a framework for legal system administered by the US. Provided for trade between Republics of Mexico and Texas.<ref name="Kiowa 1837">{{cite web|url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/kio0489.htm|title=Treaty with the Kiowa, Etc., May 26, 1837 (7 Stat. 533). Treaty of friendship between U.S. and Kioway, Ka-ta-ka, and Ta-wa-ka-ro nations and Comanche, Witchetaw, Cherokee Muscogee, Choctaw, Osage, Seneca and Quapaw nations or tribes of Indians and provided for trade between Republics of Texas and Mexico, signed at Fort Gibson, Oklahoma.|access-date=2012-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170530170807/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/kio0489.htm|archive-date=May 30, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tribal headquarters are in [[Carnegie, Oklahoma]]
* The [[Plains Apache]] or "Kiowa Apache", a branch of the Apache that lived in the upper Missouri River area and speak one of the [[Southern Athabaskan languages]]. In the 18th century, the branch migrated south and adopted the lifestyle of the Kiowa. Tribal headquarters are in Anadarko, Oklahoma.
* The [[Osage Nation]] speak one of the Siouan languages and originated in present-day Kentucky. As the Iroquois moved south, the Osage moved west. By the early 18th century the Osage had become the dominant power in the Oklahoma, Arkansas, Missouri and Kansas, controlling much of the land between the Red River and Missouri River. From 1818 to 1825 a series of treaties reduced the Osage lands to [[Independence, Kansas]]. With the 1870 [[Drum Creek Treaty]], the Kansas land was sold for $1.25 per acre and the Osage purchased {{convert|1470000|acre|km2}} in Indian Territory's Cherokee Outlet, the current [[Osage County, Oklahoma]]. While the Osage did not escape the federal policy of allotting communal tribal land to individual tribal members, they negotiated to retain communal [[mineral rights]] to the reservation lands. These were later found to have [[crude oil]], from which tribal members benefited from royalty revenues from oil development and production. Tribal headquarters are in [[Pawhuska, Oklahoma]].

=== Plateau tribes ===
After the [[Modoc War]] from 1872 to 1873, [[Modoc people]] were forced from their homelands in southern [[Oregon]] and northern [[California]] to settle at the [[Quapaw Agency]], Indian Territory. The federal government permitted some to return to Oregon in 1909. Those that remained in Oklahoma became the [[Modoc Tribe of Oklahoma]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Self|first1=Burl E.|title=Modoc|url=http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MO002|website=Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture|publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society|access-date=20 December 2017}}</ref>

The [[Nez Perce people|Nez Perce]], a [[indigenous peoples of the Plateau|Plateau tribe]] from Washington and Idaho, were sent to Indian Territory as prisoners of war in 1878, but after great losses in their numbers due to disease, drought and famine, they returned to their northwestern homelands in 1885.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Westmoreland|first1=Ingrid|title=Nez Perce|url=http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=NE015|publisher=Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture|access-date=20 December 2017}}</ref>

==Government==
During the Reconstruction Era, when the size of Indian Territory was reduced, the renegotiated treaties with the [[Five Civilized Tribes]] and the tribes occupying the land of the Quapaw Indian Agency contained provisions for a government structure in Indian Territory. Replacement treaties signed in 1866 contained provisions for:<ref name="Choctaw Chickasaw 1866">{{cite web | url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/cho0918.htm | title=Treaty of Washington United States–Choctaw Nation–Chickasaw Nation, 14 Stat. 769, signed April 28, 1866 | access-date=March 3, 2012 | archive-date=February 16, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216041516/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/cho0918.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Indian Territory Legislature would have proportional representation from tribes over 500 members
* Laws take effect unless suspended by Secretary of the Interior or President of the United States
* No laws shall be inconsistent with the United States Constitution, or laws of Congress, or treaties of the United States
* No legislation regarding "matters pertaining to the legislative, judicial, or other organization, laws, or customs of the several tribes or nations, except as herein provided for"
* Superintendent of Indian Affairs (or appointee) is the presiding officer of the Indian Territory Legislature
* Secretary of Interior appoints secretary of the Indian Territory Legislature
* A court or courts may be established in Indian Territory with such jurisdiction and organization as Congress may prescribe: "Provided that the same shall not interfere with the local judiciary of either of said nations."
* No session in any one year shall exceed the term of thirty days, and provided that the special sessions may be called whenever, in the judgment of the Secretary of the Interior, the interests of said tribes shall require it

In a continuation of the new policy, the 1890 Oklahoma Organic Act extended civil and criminal laws of Arkansas over the Indian Territory,<ref>26 Stat. 81, at 94-97</ref> and extended the laws of Nebraska over Oklahoma Territory.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/O/OR004.html | title=Organic Act, 1890, Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History | access-date=2012-01-30 | archive-date=2011-07-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726045844/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/O/OR004.html | url-status=dead }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Historic regions of the United States]]
* [[Missouri Compromise]]
** [[Parallel 36°30' north]]
* [[Territorial evolution of the United States]]
** Territories of [[Spain]] that encompassed land that would later become part of Indian Territory:
*** [[Spanish Texas|Tejas]], 1690–1821
*** [[Louisiana (New Spain)|Luisiana]], 1764–1803
** [[U.S. territories]] that encompassed land that would later become part of Indian Territory:
*** [[District of Louisiana]], 1804–1805
*** [[Territory of Louisiana]], 1805–1812
* [[List of federally recognized tribes by state]] and [[List of federally recognized tribes]] alphabetic
** [[Native American tribes in Iowa]]
* Treaties
** [[Treaty of Fort Clark]] with the Osage.
*** [[Lovely's Purchase]]
** [[Osage Treaty (1825)]]
* [[Cherokee Commission]]
* [[Northwest Indian War]] the battle for Ohio
* [[Former Indian Reservations in Oklahoma]]
* [[Indian country jurisdiction]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Clampitt, Bradley R. ''The Civil War and Reconstruction in Indian Territory'' (University of Nebraska Press, 2015). viii, 192 pp. {{ISBN?}}
* Confer, Clarissa W. ''The Cherokee Nation in the Civil War'' (University of Oklahoma Press, 2007) {{ISBN?}}
* Gibson, Arrell Morgan. "Native Americans and the Civil War," ''American Indian Quarterly'' (1985), 9#4, pp. 385–410 {{JSTOR|1183560}}
* Minges, Patrick. ''Slavery in the Cherokee Nation: The Keetowah Society and the Defining of a People, 1855–1867'' (Routledge, 2003) {{ISBN?}}
* Reese, Linda Williams. ''Trail Sisters: Freedwomen in Indian Territory, 1850–1890'' (Texas Tech University Press; 2013), 186 pages; Studies black women held as slaves by the Cherokee, Choctaw, and other Indians {{ISBN?}}
* Smith, Troy. "The Civil War Comes to Indian Territory", '' Civil War History'' (September 2013), 59#3, pp. 279–319 [http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/civil_war_history/v059/59.3.smith.html online]
* Wickett, Murray R. ''Contested Territory: Whites, Native Americans and African Americans in Oklahoma, 1865–1907'' (Louisiana State University Press, 2000) {{ISBN?}}

===Primary sources===
* Edwards, Whit. ''"The Prairie Was on Fire": Eyewitness Accounts of the Civil War in the Indian Territory'' (Oklahoma Historical Society, 2001) {{ISBN?}}

==External links==
{{Collier's poster}}
* [http://www.okgenweb.org/~itgenweb/ Twin Territories: Oklahoma Territory – Indian Territory]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120225155712/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/I/IN018.html Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture – Indian Territory]
* [https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/fed-indian-policy/ High resolution maps and other items] at the [[National Archives and Records Administration|National Archives]]
* [http://texashistory.unt.edu/search/?q=indian+territory&t=text&q2=%22CCHS%22&t2=institution See 1890s photographs of Native Americans in Oklahoma Indian Territory] hosted by the [https://web.archive.org/web/20000210020912/http://texashistory.unt.edu/ Portal to Texas History]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160319194456/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/toc.htm Treaties by Tribe Name, Vol. II (Treaties) in part. Compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1904]
* [https://library.okstate.edu/search-and-find/collections/digital-collections/oklahoma-digital-maps-collection/ Oklahoma Digital Maps Collection]
* {{Cite AmCyc |last=Hawes |first=J. W. |wstitle=Indian Territory|short=x}}
* {{cite web |url= http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=70952 |title= Benjamin Harrison: 'Proclamation 295 – Sioux Nation of Indians'|date=February 10, 1890 |author1= Peters, Gerhard |author2= Woolley, John T |publisher= University of California – Santa Barbara |work= The American Presidency Project |access-date= 17 January 2016 |archive-date= 5 March 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170305002030/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=70952 |url-status= dead }}
* {{cite web |url= http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=70956 |title= Benjamin Harrison: "Proclamation 298 – Extinguishing Indian Title to Certain Lands," October 23, 1890 |author1= Peters, Gerhard |author2= Woolley, John T |publisher= University of California – Santa Barbara |work= The American Presidency Project |access-date= 17 January 2016 |archive-date= 5 March 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170305002037/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=70956 |url-status= dead }}

{{Territories of the United States}}
{{Oklahoma history}}
{{Native American topics|collapsed}}
{{Native American Tribes in Oklahoma}}
{{Oklahoma}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Indian Territory| ]]
[[Category:1830s in Indian Territory]]
[[Category:1834 establishments in Indian Territory]]
[[Category:1834 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:1900s in Indian Territory]]
[[Category:1907 disestablishments in the United States]]
[[Category:19th-century establishments in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:19th century in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:20th-century disestablishments in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:20th century in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Arkansas Territory]]
[[Category:Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)]]
[[Category:Choctaw]]
[[Category:Former organized territories of the United States]]
[[Category:Former countries of the United States]]
[[Category:Native American history of Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Pre-statehood history of Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Southern United States]]
[[Category:United States and Native American treaties|*]]

Pyaar Koi Khel Nahin

2026-03-23T06:54:13Z

Silentbram:

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Pyaar Koi Khel Nahin
| image = Pyaar_Koi_Khel_Nahin.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = Subhash Sehgal
| producer = Sibte Hassan Rizvi
| writer = Subhash Sehgal
| narrator =
| starring = [[Sunny Deol]] [[Mahima Chaudhry]] [[Apoorva Agnihotri]] [[Kulbhushan Kharbanda]] [[Reema Lagoo]] [[Dina Pathak]]
| music = [[Jatin–Lalit]]
| cinematography = Harmeet Singh
| editing = Subhash Sehgal
| studio = TriStar International
| distributor = PolyGram India Ltd
| released = {{film date|df=y|1999|07|30}}
| runtime = 165 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross = {{INR|6.8 [[crore]]}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=2394|title=Pyaar Koi Khel Nahin - Movie|website=[[Boxofficeindia.com]]|access-date=10 August 2022|archive-date=10 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810181046/https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=2394|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}

'''Pyaar Koi Khel Nahin''' ({{translation}} Love is not a game) is a 1999 [[Cinema of India|Indian]] [[Hindi]] language [[romantic film]] directed by Subhash Sehgal and produced by Sibte Hassan Rizvi. It stars [[Sunny Deol]] and [[Mahima Chaudhry]], with [[Apoorva Agnihotri]], [[Kulbhushan Kharbanda]], [[Reema Lagoo]] and [[Dina Pathak]] in supporting roles. The film's music was composed by [[Jatin–Lalit]] with lyrics written by [[Majrooh Sultanpuri]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ia.rediff.com/movies/1999/jul/31pya.htm|title=When love is a bore|last=Verma|first=Suparn|author-link=Suparn Verma|date=31 July 1999|website=[[Rediff.com]]|access-date=10 August 2022|archive-date=10 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810181045/https://ia.rediff.com/movies/1999/jul/31pya.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/nov/26slde6-brother-caught-in-love-triangle.htm|title=rediff.com: Pyaar Koi Khel Nahin|website=Rediff.com|access-date=10 August 2022|archive-date=10 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810181153/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/nov/26slde6-brother-caught-in-love-triangle.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Plot==

Sunil and Ashok are friends of marriageable age. One day, Ashok's mother asks him to meet Shalu for matrimonial alliance. Ashok is reluctant to do so and asks Sunil to impersonate him and somehow reject Shalu so that his mom will be satisfied and not pester him anymore.

In the meantime, Shalu and Nisha have also made a similar decision and have planned to deceive Sunil. However, when the two couples meet, Sunil and Nisha fall in love, but are unable to reveal their identities to each other. When they do so, they meet each other's parents, and want to get married.

Now enters Sunil's elder brother, Anand, and complications abound. Anand is a successful businessman for whom Nisha works. He is in love with her and would like to marry her, but when he finds out that his brother loves her, he steps down. Sunil and Nisha get married and eventually have a kid. Soon Sunil is killed by Anand's business partners, who mistake him to be Anand. Nisha's parents want her to get married again, so Anand marries her as he still loves her. They were living a blissful married life when Anand later finds out that Sunil is alive. He brings Sunil back home, even though Sunil had left because he learnt Anand loved Nisha and is now married to her. Anand sacrifices his life intentionally by the bad guys while killing all of them, so that Nisha and Sunil could unite. Sunil and Nisha live happily along with their child.

==Cast==
{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
* [[Sunny Deol]] as Anand<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pyaar Koi Khel Nahin (1999) Cast - Actor, Actress, Director, Producer, Music Director |url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/pyaar-koi-khel-nahin-8459/cast-crew |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106091522/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/pyaar-koi-khel-nahin-8459/cast-crew |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 January 2023 |website=Cinestaan}}</ref>
* [[Mahima Chaudhry]] as Nisha Kapoor/Shalu
* [[Apoorva Agnihotri]] as Sunil / Ashok Khanna
* [[Kulbhushan Kharbanda]] as Sunil and Anand's father
* [[Reema Lagoo]] as Sunil and Anand's mother
* [[Mohnish Behl]] as Kaanti, Anand's friend and Hemant's elder brother
* [[Aasif Sheikh]] as Hemant, Kaanti's younger brother
* [[Dalip Tahil]] as Nath
* [[Bindu (actress)|Bindu]] as Nath's wife
* [[Nawab Shah (actor)]] as Baba, Nath's son
* [[Neha Pendse]] as Guddi (Anand and Sunil's sister)
* [[Dina Pathak]] as Anand and Sunil's grandmother
* [[Alok Nath]] as Kapoor, Nisha's father
* Shama Deshpande as Nisha's mother
* [[Ali Asgar (actor)]] as Sunil's college friend
* [[Ravi Gossain]] as Ashok Khanna / Sunil, Sunil's college friend
* [[Rakesh Bedi]] as College Principal
* [[Navneet Nishan]] as Pratima, College Principal
* [[Shoma Anand]] as Vimla
* [[Veeru Krishnan]] as Hijra ([[Transgender]])
* [[Shahnawaz Pradhan]] as Jeevan
* [[Dolly Bindra]] as Jeevan's wife
* [[Narayani Shastri]] as Vimala's daughter - Bride in marriage (Special appearance) in the song "Tere Galon Ki Chandni Dekhe"
{{div col end}}

==Music and soundtrack==
The music of the film was composed by [[Jatin–Lalit]] and the lyrics of the songs were penned by [[Majrooh Sultanpuri]].
{{Infobox album
| name = Pyaar Koi Khel Nahin
| type = [[Soundtrack album]]
| artist = [[Jatin–Lalit]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 8 April 1999
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length =
| label = [[Universal Music India]]
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! # !! Title !! Singer(s)
|-
| 1
| "Apni To Life Mein"
| [[Asha Bhosle]]
|-
| 2
| "Kuch Hamare Hain"
| [[Alka Yagnik]], [[Udit Narayan]]
|-
| 3
| "Ladke Ne Ladki" ( Not in the Film)
|[[Abhijeet Bhattacharya]]
|-
| 4
| "Nazar Milte Hi"
| Alka Yagnik, [[Vinod Rathod]]
|-
| 5
| "Pyaar Koi Khel Nahin"
| [[Kumar Sanu]]
|-
| 6
| "Pyaar Koi Khel Nahin (Sad)"
| Kumar Sanu
|-
| 7
| "Tere Galon Ki"
| Alka Yagnik, Udit Narayan
|-
| 8
| "Yaad Piya Ki"
| [[Falguni Pathak]]
|-
| 9
| "Yaad Piya Ki" (Sad)
| Falguni Pathak
|-
|10
| "Chand Sa Lala Ma"
| Pyasi, Dileep Kumar
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|id=0209263}}

[[Category:1999 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1999 Indian films]]
[[Category:1999 films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Jatin–Lalit]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]
[[Category:1999 romantic drama films]]

Jamshedpur Lok Sabha constituency

2026-03-06T23:40:31Z

Silentbram: put up a info

{{Short description|Constituency of the Indian parliament in Jharkhand}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Jharkhand {{Small|JH-9}}
| type = LS
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Lok Sabha constituencies/2019/Jharkhand/Jamshedpur.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive map of Jamshedpur Lok Sabha constituency
| established = 1952
| incumbent_image = Bidyut Baran Mahato.jpg
| mp = [[Bidyut Baran Mahato]]
| party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
| state = [[Jharkhand]]
| reservation = None
| district = [[East Singhbhum]]
| assembly_cons = [[Baharagora (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Baharagora]] [[Ghatsila (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ghatsila]] [[Potka (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Potka]] [[Jugsalai (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jugsalai]] [[Jamshedpur East (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jamshedpur East]] [[Jamshedpur West (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jamshedpur West]]
}}

'''Jamshedpur Lok Sabha constituency''' is one of the 14 [[Lok Sabha]] (parliamentary) constituencies in [[Jharkhand]] state in eastern [[India]]. This constituency covers the entire [[East Singhbhum|East Singhbhum district]].

==Assembly segments==
Presently, Jamshedpur Lok Sabha constituency comprises the following six [[Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) segments:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jharkhand.gov.in/ceo/2005/constituencies.html |title=Parliamentary Constituency |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Jharkhand website |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226080317/http://www.jharkhand.gov.in/ceo/2005/constituencies.html |archive-date=2012-02-26 }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!#
!Name
!District
!Member
! colspan="2" |Party
! colspan="2" |2024 Lead
|-
|44
|[[Baharagora (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Baharagora]]
| rowspan="6" |[[East Singhbhum district|East Singhbhum]]
|[[Samir Mohanty]]
|{{party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=6}}
|-
|45
|[[Ghatsila (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ghatsila]] (ST)
|[[Somesh Chandra Soren]]
|{{party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}
|-
|46
|[[Potka (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Potka]] (ST)
|[[Sanjib Sardar]]
|{{party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|rowspan=2}}
|-
|47
|[[Jugsalai (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jugsalai]] (SC)
|[[Mangal Kalindi]]
|-
|48
|[[Jamshedpur East (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jamshedpur East]]
|[[Purnima Sahu]]
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|49
|[[Jamshedpur West (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jamshedpur West]]
|[[Saryu Roy (politician)|Saryu Roy]]
|{{party name with color|Janata Dal (United)}}
|-
|}

== Members of Parliament ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Name
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
|[[1957 Indian general election|1957]]
|[[Mohindra Kumar Ghosh]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|[[1962 Indian general election|1962]]
|Udaikar Mishra
|style="background-color: {{party color|Communist Party of India}}" |
|[[Communist Party of India]]
|-
|[[1967 Indian general election|1967]]
|S. C. Prasad
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|[[1971 Indian general election|1971]]
|Sardar Swaran Singh Sokhi
|-
|[[1977 Indian general election|1977]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Rudra Pratap Sarangi]]
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Janata Party]]
|-
|[[1980 Indian general election|1980]]
|-
|[[1984 Indian general election|1984]]
|[[Jamshedpur Gopeshwar|Gopeshwar]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|[[1989 Indian general election|1989]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Shailendra Mahato]]
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]
|-
|[[1991 Indian general election|1991]]
|-
|[[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
|[[Nitish Bharadwaj]]
| rowspan="3" style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|[[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Abha Mahato]]
|-
|[[1999 Indian general election|1999]]
|-
|[[2004 Indian general election|2004]]
|[[Sunil Mahato]]
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]
|-
|2007^
|[[Suman Mahato]]
|-
|[[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
|[[Arjun Munda]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|2011^
|[[Ajoy Kumar]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)}}" |
|[[Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)|Jharkhand Vikas Morcha]]
|-
|[[2014 Indian general election|2014]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Bidyut Baran Mahato]]
| rowspan="3" style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|[[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
|-
|[[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
|}

== Election results ==
===2024===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Indian general election]]: [[Jamshedpur]]<ref name="2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Jamshedpur">{{cite news |last1=Election Commission of India |title=2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Jamshedpur |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S279.htm |access-date=26 July 2024 |date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726044225/https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S279.htm |archive-date=26 July 2024}}</ref><ref name="Jamshedpur lok sabha election results 2024">{{cite news |last1=India Today |date=4 June 2024 |title=Jamshedpur lok sabha election results 2024 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha/jharkhand/jamshedpur-constituency-result-27509 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240727163446/https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha/jharkhand/jamshedpur-constituency-result-27509 |archive-date=27 July 2024 |access-date=27 July 2024 |language=en}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[Bidyut Baran Mahato]]|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=7,26,174|percentage=56.84|change=-2.56}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Samir Mohanty]]|party=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|votes=466,392|percentage=36.50|change=+3.50}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Indra Deo Prasad|party=Independent|votes=8,469|percentage=0.66|change=-}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Pranav Kumar Mahto|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes=6,151|percentage=0.48|change=-}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Mahesh Kumar|party=Right to Recall Party|votes=1960|percentage=0.15|change={{increase}}-}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=7,326|percentage=0.57|change=-}}
{{Election box majority||votes=2,59,782|percentage=20.34|change=-6.06}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=12,79,236|percentage=68.36|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner =Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2019===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Indian general elections]]: [[Jamshedpur]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 11, 2019 |title=Constituency wise detailed result |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/10929-33constituency-wise-detailed-result/ |website=Election Commission of India}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Bidyut Baran Mahato]]|votes=679,632|percentage=59.40|change=+15.16}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|candidate=[[Champai Soren]]|votes=377,542|percentage=33.00|change=+19.84}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Trinamool Congress|candidate=Anjana Mahato|votes=9,518|percentage=0.83|change=-}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Angad Mahato|party=Amra Bangalee|votes=6,665|percentage=0.58|change=-0.44}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Mahesh Kumar|party=Right to Recall Party|votes=2,481|percentage=0.22|change=-}}
{{Election box majority||votes=3,02,090|percentage=26.4|change=+16.88}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=11,44,427|percentage=67.19|change=+0.86}}
{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing = 16.88
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2014===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Indian general elections]]: [[Jamshedpur]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Bidyut Baran Mahato]]
|votes = 464,153
|percentage = 44.24
|change = +27.91
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)
|candidate = [[Dr. Ajoy Kumar]]
|votes = 364,277
|percentage = 34.72
|change = -2.66
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|candidate = Niroop Mahanty
|votes = 138,109
|percentage = 13.16
|change = -2.49
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Angad Mahato
|party = Amra Bangalee
|votes = 12,632
|percentage = 1.20
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Kumar Chandra Mardi
|party = Aam Aadmi Party
|votes = 7,145
|percentage = 0.68
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above|None of the Above]]
|votes = 15,629
|percentage = 1.49
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 99,876
|percentage = 9.52
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 10,49,140
|percentage = 66.33
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2011 By-election===
{{Election box begin | title=Bye-election, 2011: Jamshedpur }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)
|candidate = [[Dr. Ajoy Kumar]]
|votes = 276,582
|percentage = 37.38
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Dineshanand Goswami
|votes = 120,856
|percentage = 16.33
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|candidate = Sudhir Mahato
|votes = 115,799
|percentage = 15.65
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = All Jharkhand Students Union
|candidate = Astik Mahato
|votes = 99,058
|percentage = 13.39
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Banna Gupta
|votes = 49,137
|percentage = 6.64
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Communist Party of India
|candidate = S. K. Ghoshal
|votes = 12,646
|percentage = 1.71
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,55,726
|percentage = 21.05
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 7,40,003
|percentage = 52.94
|change = +1.82
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)
|loser = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2009===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Indian general elections]]: [[Jamshedpur]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Arjun Munda]]|votes=319,620|percentage=45.30|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|candidate=Suman Mahato|votes=199,957|percentage=28.34|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)|candidate=Arvind Kumar Singh|votes=79,089|percentage=11.21|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=All Jharkhand Students Union|candidate=Shailendra Mahato|votes=37,400|percentage=5.30|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=1,19,663|percentage=16.96|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=7,05,568|percentage=51.12|change=}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[East Singhbhum|East Singhbhum district]]
* [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.indiaelections2014.info/parliament/2019/states/jharkhand/jamshed_pur/lok_sabha_parliamentary_election_2019_results.html Jamshed pur lok sabha constituency election 2019 result details]

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of Jharkhand}}
{{Kolhan Division topics}}

{{coord|22.80|86.19|display=title}}

[[Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in Jharkhand]]
[[Category:East Singhbhum district]]
[[Category:Jamshedpur]]

Yuvaraju (2000 film)

2026-03-06T06:27:08Z

Silentbram: Created first stub more to come.

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Yuvaraju
| image = Yuvaraju.jpg
| director = [[Y. V. S. Chowdary]]
| writer = Y. V. S. Chowdary [[Chintapalli Ramana]]
| starring = [[Mahesh Babu]] [[Simran (actress)|Simran]] [[Sakshi Sivanand]]
| producer = Burugapally Sivarama Krishna
| cinematography = [[Ajayan Vincent]]
| editing = Bulli Reddy
| music = [[Ramana Gogula]]
| studio = Sree Venkateswara Arts Films
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|2000|04|14|df=y}}
| runtime = 166 minutes
| country = India
| language = Telugu
}}
'''''Yuvaraju''''' ({{translation|Prince}}) is a 2000 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[romantic drama film]] directed and produced by [[Y. V. S. Chowdary]]. The film stars [[Mahesh Babu]], [[Simran (actress)|Simran]] and [[Sakshi Shivanand]] in lead roles. The film was a failure at the box-office.<ref name="Making of Murari2">{{cite web |date=13 February 2003 |title=Interview with Krishna Vamsi Part – II by Jeevi |url=http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/interview_krishnavamsi1.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018113418/http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/interview_krishnavamsi1.html |archive-date=18 October 2014 |access-date=8 October 2022 |website=[[Idlebrain.com]] |quote=Mahesh Babu's first film 'Raja Kumarudu' was a hit. His subsequent films Yuvaraju and Vamsee are flops.}}</ref>

==Plot==
Srinivas has just returned to India and joins a college in Hyderabad. There, he meets his classmate Srivalli, a young beautiful girl with whom he falls in love. Srivalli has a childhood friend, Vamsi abroad, whom she regards as her best friend and keeps him close to her heart as when a plane crashed 20 years back, these two are the only survivors of the tragedy.

Finally Srinivas and Srivalli learn that they are in love with each other. They break the news followed by a lavish engagement ceremony. For the placid viewers then comes the excitement in the form of Srilata, who arrives in nick of time to attend the engagement. Srivalli learns that Srinivas and Srilata know each other since they met in abroad few years ago, from the brief observation at her engagement ceremony.

Srilata has a son named Teja whom Srinivas befriends. He learns that his father does not live with them. Later during an outing he Teja plays a tune which was taught to him by his mother saying it's his father's tune. Here Srinivas learns that Teja is his son.

He goes to Srilata who tells him during an outing years back, they were given a drink by the tribals and didn't remember what happened. She remembered three months later but couldn't find him. Now he wants to tell Srivalli the truth but Srilata makes him promise on his son's photo that he won't tell anything. Teja learns the truth. Both Srinivas and Teja come close during the days. Srinivas has afterthoughts about his marriage as he wants his son. Vamsi loves Srivalli and comes to the marriage to win her.

As the marriage day emerges Srilata can't bear to see the marriage, so she tries to leave. Teja wants to see his father before leaving. Srivalli learns the truth from a letter written by Teja. Srinivas tries to stop them at airport where they learn she has taken poison. Srivalli also arrives and they take her to hospital, and are attacked by rowdies. Later, Srinivas, Srilata and their son embark a trip.

==Cast==
{{Colbegin}}
* [[Mahesh Babu]] as Srinivas "Sri"
* [[Simran (actress)|Simran]] as Srilatha
* [[Sakshi Sivanand]] as Srivalli
* [[Sajja Teja]] as Teja
* [[Sivaji (Telugu actor)|Sivaji]] as Sivaji
* [[Venkat (actor)|Venkat]] as Vamsi
* [[Ali (actor)|Ali]] as Baba Sehgal
* [[Venu Madhav (actor)|Venu Madhav]] as Sehgal Baba
* [[Chandra Mohan (Telugu actor)|Chandra Mohan]]
* [[Bandla Ganesh]]
* [[Varsha (Telugu actress)|Varsha]]
* [[Ramya Sri]] as College lecturer
* [[AVS (actor)|AVS]]
* [[M. S. Narayana]]
* [[Sri Divya|Baby Sri Divya]] as Kalpana
{{Colend}}

==Soundtrack==
The soundtrack of this film was composed by [[Ramana Gogula]], which was a hit. This album consisted of eleven tracks, including two instrumentals. Especially the songs "Guntalakidi", "Haira Debba", "Manesemo" and "Tholivalape" were hits. The lyrics were written by Veturi Sundara Rama Murthy.

{{tracklist
| headline = Track Listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Rama Chilaka
| extra1 = [[Ramana Gogula]]
| length1 = 4:51
| title2 = Manasemo
| extra2 = [[Sunitha Upadrashta]]
| length2 = 4:08
| title3 = Olammo
| extra3 = Ramana Gogula, [[Nanditha (singer)|Nanditha]]
| length3 = 4:44
| title4 = Nookalisthe
| extra4 = [[Shankar Mahadevan]], Nanditha
| length4 = 4:50
| title5 = Haira Haira Debba
| extra5 = [[K. S. Chithra]], [[Udit Narayan]]
| length5 = 4:44
| title6 = Tholivalape
| extra6 = K. S. Chithra, [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], Nanditha
| length6 = 4:32
| title7 = Chandamama
| extra7 = [[Anuradha Sriram]], Sunitha
| length7 = 4:40
| title8 = Gunthalakidi
| extra8 = K. S. Chithra, [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| length8 = 5:39
| title9 = Twinkle Twinkle
| extra9 = Ramana Gogula
| length9 = 0:56
| title10 = Guitar Theme
| note10 = Freak Out Style
| extra10 = Instrumental
| length10 = 1:18
| title11 = Guitar Theme
| note11 = Emotional
| extra11 = Instrumental
| length11 = 1:40
}}

==Reviews==
''[[Idlebrain.com]]'' rated the film 3/5.<ref>[https://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-yuvaraju.html Telugu Cinema – Review – Yuvaraju – Mahesh Babu, Simran, Sakshi Sivanand – YVS Chowdary]. Idlebrain.com (2000-04-14). Retrieved on 2015-07-24.</ref> ''fullhyd'' rated it 7/10.<ref>[http://movies.fullhyderabad.com/yuvaraju/telugu/yuvaraju-movie-reviews-1489-2.html Yuvaraju review: Yuvaraju (Telugu) Movie Review – fullhyd.com]. Movies.fullhyderabad.com. Retrieved on 2015-07-24.</ref> ''[[Telugucinema.com]]'' stated, "Movie has nothing new. An average movie".<ref>[http://www.telugucinema.com/c/publish/moviereviews/yuvaraju.php] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606212056/http://www.telugucinema.com/c/publish/moviereviews/yuvaraju.php|date=6 June 2014|title=Movie Reviews: Yuvaraju}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|1575719}}

{{YVS Chowdary}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2000 films]]
[[Category:2000 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Y. V. S. Chowdary]]
[[Category:Telugu-language romantic drama films]]
[[Category:2000 romantic drama films]]
[[Category:2000 Indian films]]

Yakob Mar Irenaios

2026-03-04T13:34:57Z

Silentbram: Created first info v1.

{{Short description|Malankara Syrian Orthodox bishop}}
{{Independent sources|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = [[Metropolitan bishop|Metropolitan]]
| name = Yakob Mar Irenaios
| image =
| caption =
| church = [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]]
| diocese = [[Kochi Orthodox Diocese|Kochi Diocese]]
| term = 1993 – Present
| predecessor = Late Lamented Zachariah Mar Anthonios
| ordination = As Deacon: 1970 As Priest: 1975 As [[Monk|Ramban]]: 1992
| ordained_by =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1949|08|15}}
| birth_place = [[Kallooppara]]
| honorific_prefix = His Grace
| parents = Mr. T.O Cherian, Mrs. Kunjelyamma Cherian
| alma_mater = [[Madras University]]
| rank = [[Bishop]]
| consecration = 16th Aug 1993
| consecrated_by = His Holiness Moran Mar [[Baselios Marthoma Mathews II]]
}}

'''Yakob Mar Irenaios''' is Metropolitan of the [[Kochi Orthodox Diocese|Kochi Diocese]] of the [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]].<ref>{{cite web |title=H.G. Dr. Yakob Mar Irenios |url=https://mosc.in/holysynod/his-grace-jacob-mar-irenios|website=mosc.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dr. Yakob Mar Irenios {{!}} Malankara Orthodox TV |url=https://malankaraorthodox.tv/}}</ref> He previously served as the metropolitan of the [[Madras Orthodox Diocese|Madras Diocese]] and as the Assistant Metropolitan of the [[Malabar Diocese (Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church)|Malabar Diocese]]. He is known for advocating the use of headscarves for women in church settings, particularly during wedding ceremonies, a position that has drawn criticism from some who view it as reinforcing traditional gender roles.

== Early life ==
Mar Irenaios was born in the Aruvidan Pallikal Family of [[Kallooppara]] on 15 August 1949 to Mr. T.O Cherian and Mrs. Kunjeliyamma Cherian. His Grace attended the MGD High School, Puthussery for his schooling. Later, he attended the Chengannur Christian College for his [[Pre-university course|Pre Degree]].

Mar Irenaios is a member of [[St Mary's Orthodox Church, Kallooppara|Kallooppara St. Mary's Orthodox Church.]]

== Priesthood ==
Late Lamented Thoma Mar Dionysius, the then Metropolitan of [[Malankara Orthodox Diocese of Niranam|Niranam Diocese]] ordained him a deacon in the year 1970. Five years later, in 1975, Mar Irenaios was elevated to the order of priests by His Grace Thomas Mar Thimothios (later, [[Baselios Marthoma Didymos I]]), the then metropolitan of [[Malabar Diocese (Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church)|Malabar Diocese]].

== Metropolitan ==
His Holiness Moran Mar Baselios Mar Thoma Mathews II, Catholicos of the East and Malankara Metropolitan consecrated him bishop on 16 August 1993 under the name Yakob Mar Irenaios.

He was given the charge of Malabar Diocese as an Assistant Metropolitan in 1995. Later, he was given the Diocesan charge of the Madras Diocese from 1997 to 2009. Furthermore, he became the Metropolitan of [[Kochi Orthodox Diocese|Kochi Diocese]] in the 2009 and continues in the same capacity.

His Grace also serves as the president of the MOC Publications, the official publishers of the [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church|church's]] liturgical books among others.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:1949 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church bishops]]

Imarti

2026-03-04T02:03:44Z

Silentbram: clean up

{{Short description|Indian sweet}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox food
| name = Imarti
| image = JalebiIndia.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| caption =
| alternate_name = {{ubl|Amriti|Jaangiri|Omriti}}
| place_of_origin = India
| creator =
| course = [[Dessert]]
| served =
| main_ingredient = [[Vigna mungo|Black gram flour]], [[saffron]], [[ghee]], [[sugar]]
| variations =
| calories =
| other =
| region = [[Indian subcontinent]]
| similar_dish = [[Jalebi]], [[Chhena jalebi]]
}}
'''Imarti''', also known as '''amriti''', '''jaangiri''', or '''omriti''', is an Indian [[Sweets from the Indian subcontinent|sweet]] made by [[Deep frying|deep-frying]] a [[Batter (cooking)|batter]] prepared with [[vigna mungo|black gram flour]] in a circular, flower-like shape, and then soaking it in sugar syrup.<ref name="TH_2020">{{Cite news|last=Khanna|first=Sangeeta|date=2019-07-12|title=Beniram is a 200-year-old shop selling amriti in Jaunpur|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/food/beniram-imarti-beniram-ki-imarti/article28400020.ece|access-date=2020-11-01|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=17 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017083519/https://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/food/beniram-imarti-beniram-ki-imarti/article28400020.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> This dish is similar to ''[[jalebi]]'', which is thinner and sweeter than ''imarti''.<ref name="Difference between Jalebi & Imarti">{{cite web|title=Difference between Jalebi & imarti|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articles/food-facts/difference-between-jalebi-amp-imarti/the-sweet-difference/photostory/60255898.cms|website=recipes.timesofindia.com|date=28 August 2017|publisher=Times Food|access-date=19 April 2020|archive-date=7 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707102912/https://recipes.timesofindia.com/articles/food-facts/difference-between-jalebi-amp-imarti/the-sweet-difference/photostory/60255898.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

Imarti is a popular [[iftar]] food in [[Bangladesh]], while in India, [[Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh|Jaunpur]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]] is famous for its imartis.<ref name="deccanherald">{{cite news |last1=Keshavrao |first1=Dhanvanti |date=6 July 2013 |title=A sweet tale of an exotic dessert |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/342897/a-sweet-tale-exotic-dessert.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923050433/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/342897/a-sweet-tale-exotic-dessert.html |archive-date=23 September 2016 |access-date=27 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=প্রতিবেদক|first=নিজস্ব|title=ইফতারে ঘোষপট্টির 'ডাইলের আমিত্তি'|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%98%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0-%E2%80%98%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E2%80%99|access-date=2020-12-02|website=Prothomalo|language=bn|archive-date=18 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018133427/https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%98%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0-%E2%80%98%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E2%80%99|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Ingredients==
Imartis are made from batter made using various varieties of [[Vigna mungo|black gram flour]]—called ''urad dal''—in North India, while in [[Karnataka]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]] and other parts of the [[Indian subcontinent]], ''jangiri parappu'' (jangiri black gram) is commonly used.

[[Saffron]] is added to the batter to give imartis their bright orange colour.

==Preparation==
[[File:Amriti Frying - Dum Dum - Kolkata 2012-04-22 2207.JPG|thumb|Amriti frying in [[Kolkata, India]].]]
[[Black gram]] is soaked in water for a few hours, and then stone-ground into a fine batter. The batter is poured into [[ghee]], though other oils are sometimes used. Like [[funnel cake]]s, the batter is poured into geometric patterns, although imartis are generally smaller than funnel cakes. There is often a small ring in the middle.

Before frying the batter, sugar syrup is prepared and is flavored with edible [[camphor]], [[cloves]], [[cardamom]], [[kewra]] and [[saffron]]. The fried imartis are then dipped in sugar syrup until they expand in size, having soaked up a significant amount of the syrup. In Northern India, imartis are drained, and thus tend to be drier than [[jalebi]]s. Imartis can be served hot, at [[room temperature]], or cold.
<gallery>
File:Frying Amriti - Dum Dum - Kolkata 2012-04-22 2210.JPG|Frying process
File:Hot n Crisp Jalebis.jpg|After frying
</gallery>

==Serving==
In India, Imartis are served as dessert at the end of a meal, sometimes accompanied by [[Dahi (curd)|dahi]] as a dipping. They are also distributed as sweets to relatives, guests and neighbours during celebrations, like festivals and marriages.
<gallery>
File:Jaangiri.JPG|Imartis served as dessert in Tamil Nadu
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[List of Indian sweets and desserts]]
*[[List of fried dough foods]]
* [[List of doughnut varieties]]
*{{Portal-inline|Food}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline|Imarti}}
{{Doughnut}}
{{Cuisine of India}}

[[Category:Indian doughnuts]]
[[Category:Pakistani desserts]]
[[Category:Doughnuts]]
[[Category:Rajasthani desserts]]
[[Category:Fritters]]

Tarkieb

2026-03-03T12:02:35Z

Silentbram: Created first info w/ sources.

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Tarkieb
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| director = [[Esmayeel Shroff]]
| producer = [[Jay Mehta (actor)|Jay Mehta]]
| writer =
| screenplay = Moin-ud-din
| story = Moin-ud-din
| based_on = 
| narrator =
| starring = [[Nana Patekar]] [[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]] [[Shilpa Shetty]] [[Aditya Pancholi]] [[Milind Soman]] [[Ashutosh Rana]]
| music = [[Aadesh Shrivastava]]
| cinematography = [[:en:Mazhar_Kamran|Mazhar Kamran]]
| editing = A. R. Rajendran
| studio = Prathima Films
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2000|06|23|India}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget = {{INR}}5 crore<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=761|title=Tarkieb – Movie|publisher=[[Box Office India]]|access-date=27 October 2022|archive-date=27 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027185801/https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=761|url-status=live}}</ref>
| gross = {{INR}}9.24 crore<ref name="auto"/>
}}

'''''Tarkieb''''' is a 2000 Indian [[crime drama]] film directed by [[Esmayeel Shroff]] and produced by [[Jay Mehta (actor)|Jay Mehta]]. It stars [[Nana Patekar]], [[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]], [[Shilpa Shetty]], [[Aditya Pancholi]], [[Milind Soman]] and [[Ashutosh Rana]]. The film was shot in [[Dubai]].

==Plot==
A [[Washerwoman|washer girl]] finds a hand in a creek where she was washing clothes. She and other washers nearby gather together and summon the police. After an investigation, the police find various parts of this body, and determine it to be that of a young woman. They do not succeed in finding the head of the corpse, and a check with missing persons produces negative results. When [[Inspector]] Pyare Mohan, who was assigned to this investigation, receives a threat by an anonymous caller on the phone, he recommends that this file be closed.

Then additional evidence surfaces, and the case is turned over to [[Central Bureau of Investigation|CBI]] Officer Jasraj Patel, who along with his assistant, Gangaram, arrive to take over this investigation. They find out that the corpse is indeed of a young woman, Roshni Choubey. Roshni comes from a poor family of four unmarried sisters. Roshni seemed to be involved with several men of [[Army Medical Corps (India)|Army Hospital]], including Dr. Kamal Dogra, Mohan Multani, Captain Ajit Verma and Bishan Nanda - all of whom have a motive for killing her and disposing of her body. Determining who is the real killer - is the challenge that now faces Jasraj, apart from the telephonic threat that he too has received from the anonymous caller. Patel delves into the case even more deeply, putting his life at risk as the killer is constantly trying to bump him off. Eventually, Patel concludes that Roshni might not have been killed by any of the men she was involved with.

In the end, it is revealed that Bishan Nanda has killed Roshni as she becomes the object of his lust. Jasraj Patel finally succeeds in nabbing Roshni's murderer and putting him behind bars.

==Cast==

* [[Nana Patekar]] as [[Central Bureau of Investigation|CBI]] [[Assistant director in charge|Asst. Director]] Jasraj Patel
* [[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]] as [[Lieutenant|Lt.]] Roshni Bharadwaj
* [[Shilpa Shetty]] as Lt. Preeti Sharma
* [[Aditya Pancholi]] as Mohan Multani, Businessman
* [[Milind Soman]] as [[Captain (armed forces)|Captain]] Ajit Sharma {{Nee|Verma}}, [[Army Medical Corps (India)|AMC]]
* [[Ashutosh Rana]] as [[Major (India)|Major]] (Dr.) Kamal Dogra
* [[Tiku Talsania]] as Gangaram / Musafir Singh
* [[Akhilendra Mishra]] as ex-[[Lance naik|L/Nk.]] Bishan Nanda, mess and canteen contractor
* [[Raghuvir Yadav]] as Nainsukh, blind shopkeeper
* [[Razzak Khan]] as Dr. Sunder Trivedi, [[Gold teeth|gold-teeth]] specialist
* [[Javed Khan Amrohi|Javed Khan]] as ice-cream vendor
* [[Deepak Qazir]] as [[Inspector]] Pyare Mohan
* [[Vinod Nagpal]] as Chandrakant Choubey, Roshni's father
* [[Cyrus Herald]] as [[Commissioner of the Greater Mumbai Police|Police Commissioner]]
* [[Annapoorna (actress)|Annapoorna]] as Lali
* [[Pradeep Karnaik]] as CBI Director
* [[Meghana Tiwari]] as Shanti, Roshni's immediate younger sister
* [[Farah (actress)|Farah]] as Roshni Ashwini (fake), Roshni's second sister
* [[Aayukti]] as Nandini, Roshni's youngest sister
* [[Smith (actor)|Smith]] as Multani's son
* [[Neha (actress)|Neha]] as Multani's daughter
* [[Menaka (actress)|Menaka]] as [[Call girl]]
* [[Qamar Khan]] as [[Regional Transport Office|RTO]] Officer
* [[Razzaq Siddiqui]] as [[Station master|Station Master]]
* [[Amit Srivastava]] as [[Busser|Hotel boy]]
* Shahzad Sheikh as Driver
* [[Suzanne Rodrigues]] as singer in club, in the song "Dil Mera Tar Se"

Additionally [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]] and [[Sagarika]] appeared in a special appearance in the song "Dil Mera Tarse"

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Tarkieb
| type = [[Soundtrack album]]
| artist = [[Aadesh Shrivastava]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 17 April 2000
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| language = Hindi, Urdu
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length =
| label = [[Zee Music]]
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}
All songs were written by [[Nida Fazli]]. Soundtrack is Disc Mobile available on Zee Music.

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! # !! Title !! Singer(s)
|-
| 1
| "Dil Mera Tarse"
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Sagarika]]
|-
| 2
| "Dupatte Ka Palloo"
| [[Richa Sharma (singer)|Richa Sharma]]
|-
| 3
| "Tujhe Dhundoon Main"
| [[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[Alka Yagnik]]
|-
| 4
| "Kiska Chehra"
| [[Jagjit Singh]], [[Alka Yagnik]]
|-
| 5
| "Kisikika Ban Ja Ban Ja"
| [[Sabri Brothers]]
|}

==Reception==
[[Taran Adarsh]] of [[IndiaFM]] gave the film 2 stars out of 5, writing ″On the whole, TARKIEB lacks in shock-value (a must for any murder mystery!) and repeat-value (for people to throng the theatres despite knowing the identity of the killer!). Even the initial-value is missing, which combined together will result in the film facing a rough time at the box-office.″<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/538447 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130416000040/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/538447 | url-status=dead | archive-date=16 April 2013 | title=Movie Review | website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] | access-date=30 October 2012}}</ref> Kanchana Suggu of [[Rediff.com]] wrote ″To cut a long story short, Tarkieb is… well, pathetic. Going by the way it began, it could have been a good thriller. Unfortunately, it isn't.″<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2000/jun/23tar.htm|title=rediff.com, Movies: The Tarkieb review|website=www.rediff.com|access-date=27 February 2023|archive-date=27 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227081952/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2000/jun/23tar.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|id=0252038}}

[[Category:2000 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian detective films]]
[[Category:2000 films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Aadesh Shrivastava]]
[[Category:Films shot in Dubai]]
[[Category:Indian crime drama films]]
[[Category:Police detective films]]
[[Category:Central Bureau of Investigation in fiction]]
[[Category:Indian Army in films]]
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the Maharashtra Police]]
[[Category:Indian murder mystery films]]
[[Category:Indian mystery thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian crime thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian rape and revenge films]]
[[Category:Films set in hospitals]]
[[Category:Films set in Delhi]]
[[Category:Films shot in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Films set in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the Delhi Police]]
[[Category:Films shot in Delhi]]

Bengal Natural History Museum

2026-03-03T06:36:26Z

Silentbram:

{{Infobox museum
| name = Bengal Natural History Museum
| logo =
| image =
| caption =
| map_type = India West Bengal
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal
| former_name =
| established = {{Start date and age|1903|df=yes}}
| location = Darjeeling, West Bengal
| coordinates = {{coord|27.0577428|N|88.252466|E|type:city(111000)_region:IN-WB|display=inline,title}}
| type = [[Natural history museum]]
| visitors =
| director = Mr. Arun Kumar Mukhopadhaya
| publictransit =
| website = https://darjeelingzoo.in/?tab=bnhm
}}
The '''Bengal Natural History Museum'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Bengal Natural History Museum, Darjeeling |url=https://www.darjeeling-tourism.com/darj_00001a.htm |website=www.darjeeling-tourism.com |access-date=17 November 2022}}</ref> is a museum in [[Darjeeling]], [[West Bengal]], that exhibits a vast range of natural artifacts and fossils. The museum is home to specimens of over 400 species of birds, 110 species of eggs, 35 species of snakes and 57 species of fish.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bengal Natural History Museum |url=https://www.incredibleindia.org/content/incredible-india-v2/en/destinations/darjeeling/bengal-natural-history-museum.html |access-date=17 November 2022}}</ref>

== History ==
The Bengal Natural History Museum was established in 1903 as a small museum in the premises of the Lloyd Botanical Garden under the orders of the then [[Governor-General of India]], Mr. [[George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston|George Nathaniel Curzon]]. At the time, setting up the museum cost INR 14,000. Due to increasing visitors and growing collections, the museum was shifted to a different location in 1915. Towards the end of 1923, the Bengal Natural History Society (then called Darjeeling Natural History Society) was formally formed to manage the museum and its activities. From June 1926, the society also started publishing a journal which ran till 1970.

From 1923 to 1948, [[Charles M. Inglis|Charles M. Inglis]] served as the curator of the museum. He also served as the editor of the Journal of Bengal Natural History Society for many years. Naturalists, foresters, tea planters were members of the society. This included E.O. Shebbeare, conservator of forests of Bengal.
In 1976, the museum was handed over to [[Department of Forest Affairs (West Bengal)|West Bengal Forest Department]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Bengal Natural History Museum - trawell |url=https://www.trawell.in/west-bengal/darjeeling/bengal-natural-history-museum |website=www.trawell.in |access-date=17 November 2022}}</ref> Under the new management, a new run of the journal ran from 1982 to 1991.

In 2007, then governor of West Bengal [[Gopalkrishna Gandhi|Gopalkrishna Gandhi]] suggested the museum be moved into the premises of [[Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park]], Darjeeling. Construction of this new building started in 2010 and in 2015, the museum was shifted. The new museum opened for visitors on 23rd July, 2016.

== Collections ==
=== Birds ===
The collection of [[Bird|birds]] numbers around 697 species out of a listed 713 for the area; those not
represented are exceedingly rare or local. The collection of bird’s eggs (110 species) is also large and that of bird’s nests is small but an attractive one. 229 stuffed specimens are on display now at the museum.

=== Mammals ===
Out of 80-90 [[mammal]] species found in the area 67 are displayed and are well represented, including many from other parts of India. Prized collection is the rare cats. Unique mammals of the [[Himalayas]] like the [[Red panda|Red Panda]], [[Asian golden cat|Asian Golden Cat]], [[Marbled cat|Marbled Cat]], [[Clouded leopard|Clouded Leopard]] etc. can be seen here.

=== Reptiles and Fishes ===
Mostly [[wet specimen]]s, the museum has 35 species of [[Snake|snakes]] and 57 types of [[Fish|fishes]].

=== Insects ===
Insects are very well represented, with over 600 [[butterfly]] and [[moth]] specimens and over 1000 of other insects like [[Dragonfly|dragonflies]], [[Beetle|beetles]], etc. A fraction of them are on display for visitors.

=== Reserved Collections ===
The museum preserves 2922 bird skins, 47 rolled mammal skins, and 52 flat mammal skins which are not on display. These are kept for the purpose of studying the animals.

== See also ==
* [[Natural history museum]]
* [[List of natural history museums]]
* [[List of museums in West Bengal]]

==References==
{{Reflist|33em}}

[[Category:Museums in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Natural history museums in India]]

== External links ==
* [https://darjeelingzoo.in/?tab=bnhm Official website]

V. P. Nandakumar

2026-02-26T09:23:03Z

Silentbram: Created the bio from scratch.

{{Short description|Indian businessman}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = V. P. Nandakumar
| image = V. P. Nandakumar.jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth year and age |1954 }}
| birth_place = [[Valapad]], [[Thrissur district|Thrissur]], [[Kerala]], India
| alma_mater = [[St. Thomas College, Thrissur]]
| employer = Chairman and Managing Director of [[Manappuram General Finance and Leasing|Manappuram Finance]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Manappuram Finance Limited |url=https://www.manappuram.com/company/a-profile-of-the-md-ceo |website=ManappuramFinance |language=en}}</ref>
| occupation = Business
| net_worth =
| known_for =
| years_active =
| spouse = Sushama Nandakumar
}}

'''V. P. Nandakumar''' is an Indian businessman hailing from [[Valapad]] in [[Thrissur District]] of [[Kerala]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/banking/finance/dealing-with-nbfc-risks-loosen-the-bank-strings/articleshow/68177089.cms |title= Dealing with NBFC risks: Loosen the bank strings|date=27 February 2019|newspaper=The Economic Times|first=Shiply|last=Sinha|accessdate=10 March 2019}}</ref> He is the Chairman and Managing Director of [[Manappuram General Finance and Leasing|Manappuram Finance Limited]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/finance/we-have-not-made-any-mistakes-knowingly-v-p-nandakumar-112021500024_1.html
|title=We have not made any mistakes knowingly: V P Nandakumar
|publisher=Business Standard
|accessdate=2013-10-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/banking/vp-nandakumar-reappointed-manappuram-finance-md-ceo/article4309493.ece
|title=V.P. Nandakumar re-appointed Manappuram Finance MD & CEO
|publisher=The Hindu Business Line
|accessdate=2013-10-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.firstpost.com/business/there%E2%80%99s-gold-in-the-gold-loans-business-for-manappuram-42280.html
|title=There's gold in the gold loans business for Manappuram
|publisher=FirstPost
|accessdate=2013-10-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.rediff.com/money/slide-show/slide-show-1-vp-nandakumar-man-with-the-midas-touch/20111103.htm
|title=VP Nandakumar: Man with the Midas touch
|publisher=Rediff
|accessdate=2013-10-03}}</ref>

He is also the chairman of Asirvad Microfinance, the 4th largest [[microfinance institution]] (MFI) in India with over Rs. 5,000 crore AUM ([[Assets Under Management]]).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/asirvad-microfinance-crosses-rs-5000-crore-in-aum/articleshow/73069861.cms |title= Asirvad Microfinance crosses Rs 5,000 crore in AUM|date=2 January 2020|newspaper=The Times of India|first=Mamtha|last=Asokan|accessdate=10 January 2020}}</ref>

==Personal==
V.P.Nandakumar is also the International Director of the [[Lions Clubs International|Lion's Club International]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.businessworld.in/article/Lions-Club-Inaugurates-World-s-First-Club-For-Transgenders/03-10-2019-177084/ |title= Lions Club Inaugurates World's First Club For Transgenders|date=3 October 2019|newspaper=Business World|accessdate=10 October 2019}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nandakumar, V. P.}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian industrialists]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Thrissur]]
[[Category:1954 births]]

{{Kerala-stub}}

Namit Das

2026-02-23T22:30:54Z

Silentbram: minor adjusted references for consistency

{{Short description|Indian actor}}
{{cleanup rewrite|date=March 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Namit Das
| image =
| alt =
| caption = At Mahabaleshwar
| birth_name =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| years_active = 2002–present
| alma_mater = St Xaviers College, Bhavan's AH Wadia High School
| occupation = Actor
| parents = [[Chandan Dass]] [[Yamini Das]]
| spouse = Shruti Vyas
}}
'''Namit Das''' is an Indian film, television, theatre actor and singer. He has acted in several television commercials. He belongs to a family of musicians and singers; his father is reputed ghazal singer [[Chandan Dass]]. Namit is also a trained singer and took classical-music training from his father Chandan Dass and Bhavdeep Jaipurwale, but preferred acting over singing for a long time. Recently he has released an album with Anurag Shanker, which has five tracks.

Namit Das married his longtime girlfriend Shruti Vyas on 15 February 2015. Shruti herself is a theater and film actress and has appeared in many ads, including an [[OLX]] Womaniyan ad, where she was the face of OLX. She is the sister of actor [[Sumeet Vyas]]. Namit and Shruti got married in Mumbai in a traditional ceremony, graced by family and friends.

==Filmography==

===Films===
{| class="wikitable"
|- align="center"
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Film
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Notes
|-
|rowspan="2"|2009 || ''[[The President Is Coming]]'' || Ramesh S. ||
|-
|| ''[[Wake Up Sid]]'' || Rishi Atul Raheja ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2010 || ''[[Lafangey Parindey]]'' || Chaddi ||
|-
|| ''[[Phillum City]]'' || Chaubey ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2011 || ''Bulb Hila'' || ||
|-
|| ''Nithya'' || ||
|-
|2013 || ''[[Ghanchakkar (film)|Ghanchakkar]]'' || Idris ||
|-
|2014 || ''[[Ankhon Dekhi]]'' || Ajju ||
|-
|2015 || ''[[Hamari Adhuri Kahani]]'' || Saanjh Prasad (adult) || Cameo appearance
|-
|rowspan="2"|2018 || ''[[Sui Dhaaga]] '' || Guddu ||
|-
|| ''[[Pataakha]]'' || Jagan ||
|-
|2019 || ''[[Rakkhosh]]'' || Birsa Voice Over||
|-
|2020 || ''[[Bahut Hua Samman]]'' || Rajat Tiwari ||
|-
|2021||''[[Aafat-E-Ishq]]'' ||Atmaram || [[Zee5]] film
|-
|2023 || ''[[Rocky Aur Rani Kii Prem Kahaani]]'' || Sumen Mitra ||
|-
| rowspan="2" |2025
|[[Aap Jaisa Koi (2025 film)|''Aap Jaisa Koi'']]
|Deepak
|
|-
|''[[The Taj Story]]''
|Avinash Das
|
|}

===TV series===
{| class="wikitable"
|- align="center"
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Series
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Notes
|-
|2004-05 || ''[[Pancham (TV series)|Pancham]]'' || Pancham
|
|-
|2008 || ''[[Mumbai Calling]]'' || Amar
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2010 || ''[[Tracey Ullman's State of the Union|State of the Union]]'' || Indian caller
|
|-
| ''Axe Ur Ex'' || Host
|
|-
|2015–2016 || ''[[Sumit Sambhal Lega]]'' || Sumit Walia
|
|-
|2017 || ''Kaushiki'' || DK
|
|-
|2018
|''Table No 5''
|
|Web Series <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india.com/showbiz/swanand-kirkire-namit-das-pitobash-tripathy-starrer-zee-5-originals-series-table-5-is-a-riveting-mystery-thriller-read-details-3085672/|title=Zee 5 Originals Series Table 5 Is A Riveting Mystery Thriller - Read Details|last=Desk|first=India com Entertainment|date=2018-05-31|website=India.com|language=en|access-date=2019-07-08|archive-date=8 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708054340/https://www.india.com/showbiz/swanand-kirkire-namit-das-pitobash-tripathy-starrer-zee-5-originals-series-table-5-is-a-riveting-mystery-thriller-read-details-3085672/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/namit-das-web-series-table-no-5-5198762/|title=Namit Das: Television and digital medium will give movies a run for money|date=2018-05-31|website=The Indian Express|language=en-IN|access-date=2019-07-08|archive-date=8 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708054342/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/namit-das-web-series-table-no-5-5198762/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2019
|''[[Abhay (TV series)|Abhay]]''
|Govind
|Web Series <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iwmbuzz.com/digital/news-digital/namit-das-enter-zee5-series-abhay/2019/02/28|title=Namit Das to enter ZEE5 series, Abhay|last=Rajesh|first=Author: Srividya|date=2019-02-28|website=IWMBuzz|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-08|archive-date=28 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328031534/https://www.iwmbuzz.com/digital/news-digital/namit-das-enter-zee5-series-abhay/2019/02/28|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://filmysasi.com/abhay-zee5-original-series-review/|title="Abhay"... A moody crime series headlined by Kunal Kemmu's composed central act {{!}} REVIEW|date=2019-05-07|website=Filmy Sasi|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-08|archive-date=8 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708054346/http://filmysasi.com/abhay-zee5-original-series-review/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |2020
|''[[Aarya (Indian TV series)|Aarya]]''
|Jawahar
|Web Series
|-
|''[[A Suitable Boy (series)|A Suitable Boy]]''
|Haresh Khanna
|[[BBC One]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2019/a-suitable-boy-cast|title=BBC - Cast announced for BBC One's A Suitable Boy, the first screen adaptation of Vikram Seth's classic novel - Media Centre|website=www.bbc.co.uk|access-date=6 October 2019|archive-date=5 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905014114/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2019/a-suitable-boy-cast|url-status=live}}</ref> & [[Netflix]]
|-
|''Mafia''
|Nitin Kumar
|Web series<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/namit-das-calls-his-new-web-show-mafia-a-unique-project/1882666|title=Namit Das calls his new web show ''Mafia'' a unique project|website=outlookindia.com|access-date=1 July 2020|archive-date=1 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701213053/https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/namit-das-calls-his-new-web-show-mafia-a-unique-project/1882666|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2022
|''[[Rocket Boys (web series)|Rocket Boys]]''
| Prosenjit Day
|[[SonyLIV]]
|-
|2023
|''[[Choona (TV series)|Choona]]''
| Triloki
|[[Netflix]]
|-
|2025
|''Mafia''
|
|zee5
|}

===Plays===

Das has worked in a number of plays.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mumbaitheatreguide.com/dramas/artists/namit-das/63/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 July 2013 |archive-date=12 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112060305/http://www.mumbaitheatreguide.com/dramas/artists/namit-das/63/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|- align="center"
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Play
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Director
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Comments
|-
|2002 || Shadow Box || Nadir Khan ||
|-
|2002 || Noises Off || AtuI Kumar ||
|-
|2003-04 || I Am Invincible (Clown Show) || AtuI Kumar ||
|-
|2004 || Voices || AtuI Kumar ||
|-
|2006 || Much Ado About Nothing || Imogen Butler Cole || Also composed music<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.timeoutmumbai.net/theatre/features/new-order |title=Theatre | Theatre Actors | Abir Abrar | Time Out Mumbai |access-date=2013-09-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055034/http://www.timeoutmumbai.net/theatre/features/new-order |archive-date=21 September 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
|-
|2006-07 || Chairs || AtuI Kumar ||
|-
|2006-08 || Numbers In The Dark || AtuI Kumar ||
|-
|2007- || The President Is Coming || [[Kunal Roy Kapoor]] ||
|-
|2007 || The Soul Of A Sales Man || Etiene Coutinho ||
|-
|2007 || Mastana Rampuri Urf Chappanchuri || [[Sunil Shanbag]] ||
|-
|2008-11 || The Shehenshah Of Azeemo || Sumeet & Shivani ||
|-
|2008-11 || Hamlet The Clown Prince || [[Rajat Kapoor]] ||
|-
|2011- || Stories In A Song || Sunil Shanbag ||
|-
|2011- || Bombay Talkies || Vikram Kapadia ||
|} 2023 monsoon wedding the musical

==Dubbing roles==
{{Expand section|date=February 2015}}

===Live action films===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Film title !! Actor !! Character !! Dub Language !! Original Language !! Original Year Release !! Dub Year Release !! Notes
|-
| [[Hellboy II: The Golden Army]] || [[Doug Jones (actor)|Doug Jones]] || [[Abe Sapien]] || Hindi || English || 2008 || 2008 || [[Rajesh Khattar]] dubbed this role in the [[Hellboy (2004 film)|previous movie]].
|-
| [[Edge of Tomorrow (film)|Edge of Tomorrow]] || [[Kick Gurry]] || Griff || Hindi || English || 2014 || 2014 || Hindi dub only created for the Home media release.
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Das, Namit}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:Male actors in Hindi television]]
[[Category:Indian male stage actors]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

2008–09 Ranji Trophy

2026-02-22T20:24:57Z

Silentbram:

{{short description|Cricket tournament}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
{{Infobox cricket tournament
| name = 2008–09 Ranji Trophy
| image = Ranji_trophy.jpg
| imagesize = 285px
| fromdate =
| todate =
| caption = The Ranji Trophy.
| administrator = [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]]
| cricket format = [[First-class cricket]]
| tournament format = League and [[Single-elimination tournament|knockout]]
| host =
| champions = [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]
| count = 38
| participants = 27
| matches =
| attendance =
| player of the series =
| most runs = [[Wasim Jaffer]] (Mumbai) (1260)
| most wickets = [[Dhawal Kulkarni]] (Mumbai) (42) [[Ravindra Jadeja]] (Saurashtra) (42)
| website =
| previous_year = 2007–08
| previous_tournament = 2007–08 Ranji Trophy
| next_year = 2009–10
| next_tournament = 2009–10 Ranji Trophy
}}

The season '''2008–09 of the [[Ranji Trophy]]''' began on 4 November, and finished on 16 January with the final. 15 teams were divided in two groups. The 3 top teams of each group qualified to the playoffs, plus the two top teams of the plate league ([[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]] and [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]). Mumbai won the final by defeating Uttar Pradesh.

==First round==

===Group A===

{| class="wikitable" width=75%
!Team!!Pld!!Won!!Lost!!Tied!!Draw!!Aban!!Pts!!Quo
|- bgcolor="ccffcc" align="center"
|[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]||7||5||0||0||2||0||31||1.741
|- bgcolor="ccffcc" align="center"
|[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]||7||4||1||0||2||0||28||1.593
|- bgcolor="ccffcc" align="center"
|[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]||7||3||2||0||2||0||23||1.401
|- bgcolor="pink" align="center"
|[[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]||7||2||0||0||5||0||20||1.094
|- bgcolor="pink" align="center"
|[[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab]]||7||2||3||0||2||0||12||0.800
|- bgcolor="pink" align="center"
|[[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]]||7||0||3||0||4||0||10||0.809
|- bgcolor="pink" align="center"
|[[Orissa cricket team|Orissa]]||7||1||4||0||2||0||9||0.640
|- bgcolor="pink" align="center"
|[[Rajasthan cricket team|Rajasthan]]||7||0||4||0||3||0||3||0.538
|}

{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]|
team2 =[[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab]]|
venue =Delhi|
date = 3–6 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team2-inns1 =391|
score-team2-inns2 =140/3|
score-team1-inns1 =519|
score-team1-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368234.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]|
team2 =[[Rajasthan cricket team|Rajasthan]]|
venue =Mumbai|
date = 3–6 Nov 2008|
result =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] won by 237 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =307|
score-team1-inns2 =305/7d|
score-team2-inns1 =204|
score-team2-inns2 =171|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368236.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Orissa cricket team|Orissa]]|
team2 =[[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]] (India)|
venue =Cuttack|
date = 3–6 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team2-inns1 =296|
score-team2-inns2 =263/5|
score-team1-inns1 =269|
score-team1-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368237.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]|
team2 =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]|
venue =Rajkot|
date = 3–6 Nov 2008|
result =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]] won by an innings and 227 runs|
score-team2-inns1 =581/6d|
score-team2-inns2 =|
score-team1-inns1 =153|
score-team1-inns2 =201 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368235.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]|
team2 =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]|
venue =Surat|
date = 10–12 Nov 2008|
result =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] won by an innings and 239 runs|
score-team2-inns1 =486|
score-team2-inns2 =|
score-team1-inns1 =203|
score-team1-inns2 =44 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368243.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]] (India)|
team2 =[[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]|
venue =Hyderabad|
date = 10–13 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =334|
score-team1-inns2 =230/3|
score-team2-inns1 =284|
score-team2-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368241.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab]]|
team2 =[[Rajasthan cricket team|Rajasthan]]|
venue =Mohali|
date = 10–12 Nov 2008|
result =[[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab]] won by 9 wickets|
score-team2-inns1 =133|
score-team2-inns2 =169|
score-team1-inns1 =262|
score-team1-inns2 =41/1|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368244.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]|
team2 =[[Orissa cricket team|Orissa]]|
venue =Rajkot|
date = 10–13 Nov 2008|
result =[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]] won by an innings and 84 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =620/4d|
score-team1-inns2 =|
score-team2-inns1 =302|
score-team2-inns2 =234 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368242.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]|
team2 =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]|
venue =Delhi|
date = 16–19 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team2-inns1 =330|
score-team2-inns2 =468/4|
score-team1-inns1 =295|
score-team1-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368248.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]|
team2 =[[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]] (India)|
venue =Ahmedabad|
date = 16–19 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =520/9d|
score-team1-inns2 =|
score-team2-inns1 =225|
score-team2-inns2 =287/7 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368251.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Orissa cricket team|Orissa]]|
team2 =[[Rajasthan cricket team|Rajasthan]]|
venue =Sambalpur|
date = 16–19 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =281|
score-team1-inns2 =209|
score-team2-inns1 =270|
score-team2-inns2 =131/4|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368250.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]|
team2 =[[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab]]|
venue =Rajkot|
date = 16–19 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team2-inns1 =482|
score-team2-inns2 =|
score-team1-inns1 =679/8|
score-team1-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368249.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]|
team2 =[[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]|
venue =Valsad|
date = 23–26 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =350|
score-team1-inns2 =259/6|
score-team2-inns1 =314|
score-team2-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368255.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]] (India)|
team2 =[[Rajasthan cricket team|Rajasthan]]|
venue =Hyderabad|
date = 23–26 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =553/6d|
score-team1-inns2 =33/0|
score-team2-inns1 =405|
score-team2-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368258.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Orissa cricket team|Orissa]]|
team2 =[[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab]]|
venue =Bhubaneswar|
date = 23–26 Nov 2008|
result =[[Orissa cricket team|Orissa]] won by 9 wickets|
score-team2-inns1 =60|
score-team2-inns2 =378|
score-team1-inns1 =352|
score-team1-inns2 =87/1|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368257.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]|
team2 =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]|
venue =Rajkot|
date = 23–26 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =643/4d|
score-team1-inns2 =|
score-team2-inns1 =214|
score-team2-inns2 =157/7 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368256.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]|
team2 =[[Orissa cricket team|Orissa]]|
venue =Delhi|
date = 29–30 Nov 2008|
result =[[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]] won by 52 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =78|
score-team1-inns2 =150|
score-team2-inns1 =80|
score-team2-inns2 =96|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368262.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]|
team2 =[[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab]]|
venue =Ahmedabad|
date =29 Nov – 1 Dec 2008|
result =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]] won by 10 wickets|
score-team1-inns1 =300|
score-team1-inns2 =34/0|
score-team2-inns1 =137|
score-team2-inns2 =192 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368265.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]|
team2 =[[Rajasthan cricket team|Rajasthan]]|
venue =Rajkot|
date =29 Nov – 1 Dec 2008|
result =[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]] won by an innings and 74 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =344|
score-team1-inns2 =|
score-team2-inns1 =185|
score-team2-inns2 =85 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368263.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]|
team2 =[[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]] (India)|
venue =Mumbai|
date = 2–5 Dec 2008|
result =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] won by an innings and 108 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =602/6d|
score-team1-inns2 =|
score-team2-inns1 =251|
score-team2-inns2 =243 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368264.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]] (India)|
team2 =[[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab]]|
venue =Hyderabad|
date = 12–15 Dec 2008|
result =[[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab]] won by 9 wickets|
score-team1-inns1 =335|
score-team1-inns2 =164|
score-team2-inns1 =291|
score-team2-inns2 =211/1|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368271.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Orissa cricket team|Orissa]]|
team2 =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]|
venue =Cuttack|
date = 12–14 Dec 2008|
result =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] won by 315 runs|
score-team2-inns1 =180|
score-team2-inns2 =361/5d|
score-team1-inns1 =108|
score-team1-inns2 =118|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368270.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Rajasthan cricket team|Rajasthan]]|
team2 =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]|
venue =Jaipur|
date = 12–14 Dec 2008|
result =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]] won by 7 wickets|
score-team1-inns1 =136|
score-team1-inns2 =186|
score-team2-inns1 =227|
score-team2-inns2 =99/3|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368272.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]|
team2 =[[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]|
venue =Rajkot|
date = 12–15 Dec 2008|
result =[[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]] won by 10 wickets|
score-team1-inns1 =241|
score-team1-inns2 =274|
score-team2-inns1 =384|
score-team2-inns2 =132/0|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368269.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]|
team2 =[[Punjab cricket team (India)|Punjab]]|
venue =Mumbai|
date = 18–21 Dec 2008|
result =[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] won by 9 wickets|
score-team2-inns1 =202|
score-team2-inns2 =382|
score-team1-inns1 =436/9d|
score-team1-inns2 =151/1|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368278.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Orissa cricket team|Orissa]]|
team2 =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]|
venue =Bhubaneswar|
date = 18–21 Dec 2008|
result =[[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]] won by an innings and 78 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =162|
score-team1-inns2 =154|
score-team2-inns1 =394|
score-team2-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368279.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Rajasthan cricket team|Rajasthan]]|
team2 =[[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]|
venue =Jaipur|
date = 18–21 Dec 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =295|
score-team1-inns2 =55/3|
score-team2-inns1 =688|
score-team2-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368276.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]|
team2 =[[Hyderabad cricket team|Hyderabad]] (India)|
venue =Rajkot|
date = 18–20 Dec 2008|
result =[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]] won by 105 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =133|
score-team1-inns2 =183|
score-team2-inns1 =140|
score-team2-inns2 =71|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368277.html (scorecard)]|}}

===Group B===

{| class="wikitable" width=75%
!Team!!Pld!!Won!!Lost!!Tied!!Draw!!Aban!!Pts!!Quo
|- bgcolor="ccffcc" align="center"
|[[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]||6||2||0||0||4||0||23||2.110
|- bgcolor="ccffcc" align="center"
|[[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]]||6||3||0||0||3||0||19||1.126
|- bgcolor="ccffcc" align="center"
|[[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]||6||1||1||0||4||0||17||0.970
|- bgcolor="pink" align="center"
|[[Baroda cricket team|Baroda]]||6||2||2||0||2||0||15||1.019
|- bgcolor="pink" align="center"
|[[Railways cricket team|Railways]]||6||1||0||0||5||0||12||0.863
|- bgcolor="pink" align="center"
|[[Maharashtra cricket team|Maharashtra]]||6||0||3||0||3||0||7||0.731
|- bgcolor="pink" align="center"
|[[Andhra cricket team|Andhra]]||6||0||3||0||3||0||3||0.704
|}

{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]]|
team2 =[[Railways cricket team|Railways]]|
venue =Bangalore|
date = 3–6 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =365|
score-team1-inns2 =127|
score-team2-inns1 =389|
score-team2-inns2 =17/2|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368240.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Maharashtra cricket team|Maharashtra]]|
team2 =[[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]|
venue =Nasik|
date = 3–6 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team2-inns1 =648/3d|
score-team2-inns2 =|
score-team1-inns1 =457|
score-team1-inns2 =250/6 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368238.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]|
team2 =[[Andhra cricket team|Andhra]]|
venue =Meerut|
date = 3–6 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team2-inns1 =349|
score-team2-inns2 =130/2|
score-team1-inns1 =412|
score-team1-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368239.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Baroda cricket team|Baroda]]|
team2 =[[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]|
venue =Vadodara|
date = 10–13 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =235|
score-team1-inns2 =314|
score-team2-inns1 =286|
score-team2-inns2 =151/6|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368246.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]]|
team2 =[[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]|
venue =Bangalore|
date = 10–13 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team2-inns1 =531|
score-team2-inns2 =|
score-team1-inns1 =267|
score-team1-inns2 =269/4 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368247.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Maharashtra cricket team|Maharashtra]]|
team2 =[[Andhra cricket team|Andhra]]|
venue =Nasik|
date = 10–13 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team2-inns1 =348|
score-team2-inns2 =210/5d|
score-team1-inns1 =393|
score-team1-inns2 =27/1|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368245.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]]|
team2 =[[Andhra cricket team|Andhra]]|
venue =Mysore|
date = 16–19 Nov 2008|
result =[[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]] won by 202 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =366|
score-team1-inns2 =171|
score-team2-inns1 =218|
score-team2-inns2 =117|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368252.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Railways cricket team|Railways]]|
team2 =[[Baroda cricket team|Baroda]]|
venue =Delhi|
date = 16–19 Nov 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =224|
score-team1-inns2 =240/5|
score-team2-inns1 =460/8d|
score-team2-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368254.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]|
team2 =[[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]|
venue =Ghaziabad|
date = 16–18 Nov 2008|
result =[[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]] won by an innings and 238 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =150|
score-team1-inns2 =119|
score-team2-inns1 =507|
score-team2-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368253.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]]|
team2 =[[Baroda cricket team|Baroda]]|
venue =Bangalore|
date = 23–26 Nov 2008|
result =[[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]] won by 10 wickets|
score-team2-inns1 =169|
score-team2-inns2 =285|
score-team1-inns1 =395|
score-team1-inns2 =60/0|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368261.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Railways cricket team|Railways]]|
team2 =[[Andhra cricket team|Andhra]]|
venue =Delhi|
date = 23–26 Nov 2008|
result =[[Railways cricket team|Railways]] won by 7 wickets|
score-team2-inns1 =208|
score-team2-inns2 =108|
score-team1-inns1 =227|
score-team1-inns2 =90/3|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368260.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]|
team2 =[[Maharashtra cricket team|Maharashtra]]|
venue =Kanpur|
date = 23–26 Nov 2008|
result =[[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]] won by 8 wickets|
score-team2-inns1 =221|
score-team2-inns2 =230|
score-team1-inns1 =315|
score-team1-inns2 =140/2|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368259.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Andhra cricket team|Andhra]]|
team2 =[[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]|
venue =Vijayawada|
date =29 Nov – 2 Dec 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =283|
score-team1-inns2 =95/3|
score-team2-inns1 =286/4d|
score-team2-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368267.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Baroda cricket team|Baroda]]|
team2 =[[Maharashtra cricket team|Maharashtra]]|
venue =Vadodara|
date =29 Nov – 2 Dec 2008|
result =[[Baroda cricket team|Baroda]] won by 4 wickets|
score-team2-inns1 =228|
score-team2-inns2 =303|
score-team1-inns1 =305|
score-team1-inns2 =229/6|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368266.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Railways cricket team|Railways]]|
team2 =[[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]|
venue =Delhi|
date =29 Nov – 2 Dec 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team2-inns1 =346|
score-team2-inns2 =150/6d|
score-team1-inns1 =200|
score-team1-inns2 =215/8|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368268.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Baroda cricket team|Baroda]]|
team2 =[[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]|
venue =Vadodara|
date = 12–14 Dec 2008|
result =[[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]] won by 259 runs|
score-team2-inns1 =117|
score-team2-inns2 =402|
score-team1-inns1 =166|
score-team1-inns2 =94|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368274.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]]|
team2 =[[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]|
venue =Bangalore|
date = 12–15 Dec 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =511|
score-team1-inns2 =|
score-team2-inns1 =567|
score-team2-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368275.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Maharashtra cricket team|Maharashtra]]|
team2 =[[Railways cricket team|Railways]]|
venue =Ratnagiri|
date = 12–15 Dec 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team2-inns1 =212|
score-team2-inns2 =334/6d|
score-team1-inns1 =244|
score-team1-inns2 =251/5|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368273.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Baroda cricket team|Baroda]]|
team2 =[[Andhra cricket team|Andhra]]|
venue =Vadodara|
date = 18–20 Dec 2008|
result =[[Baroda cricket team|Baroda]] won by an innings and 60 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =400|
score-team1-inns2 =|
score-team2-inns1 =77|
score-team2-inns2 =263 (f/o)|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368280.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]]|
team2 =[[Maharashtra cricket team|Maharashtra]]|
venue =Bangalore|
date = 18–20 Dec 2008|
result =[[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]] won by 155 runs|
score-team1-inns1 =252|
score-team1-inns2 =229|
score-team2-inns1 =210|
score-team2-inns2 =116|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368282.html (scorecard)]|}}
----
{{Test match small ||
team1 =[[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]|
team2 =[[Railways cricket team|Railways]]|
venue =Chennai|
date = 18–21 Dec 2008|
result =Match drawn|
score-team1-inns1 =475/6d|
score-team1-inns2 =389/7d|
score-team2-inns1 =314|
score-team2-inns2 =|
report =[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368281.html (scorecard)]|}}

==Playoffs==
Four top teams of the plate group league qualified for the playoffs.

{{12TeamBracket|nowrap=y
| RD1= Wild-Card 18–21 December 2008
| RD2= Quarterfinals 26–29 December 2008
| RD3= Semifinals 4–7 January 2009
| RD4=Final 12–16 January 2009
| team-width=
| score-width=

| RD1-seed1 =
| RD1-team1 = '''[[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]]'''
| RD1-score1 =Win
| RD1-seed2 =
| RD1-team2 = [[Madhya Pradesh cricket team|Madhya Pradesh]]
| RD1-score2 =

| RD1-seed3 =
| RD1-team3 =|
| RD1-score3 =
| RD1-seed4 =
| RD1-team4 =|
| RD1-score4 =

| RD1-seed5 =
| RD1-team5 =|
| RD1-score5 =
| RD1-seed6 =
| RD1-team6 =|
| RD1-score6 =

| RD1-seed7 =
| RD1-team7 = '''[[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]'''
| RD1-score7 =FIL
| RD1-seed8 =
| RD1-team8 = [[Goa cricket team|Goa]]
| RD1-score8 =

| RD2-seed1 =
| RD2-team1 = '''[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]'''
| RD2-score1 =Win
| RD2-seed2 =
| RD2-team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]]
| RD2-score2 =

| RD2-seed3 =
| RD2-team3 = '''[[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]'''
| RD2-score3 =Win
| RD2-seed4 =
| RD2-team4 = [[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]]
| RD2-score4 =

| RD2-seed5 =
| RD2-team5 = [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]
| RD2-score5 =
| RD2-seed6 =
| RD2-team6 = '''[[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]'''
| RD2-score6 =FIL

| RD2-seed7 =
| RD2-team7 = '''[[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]'''
| RD2-score7 =Win
| RD2-seed8 =
| RD2-team8 = [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]
| RD2-score8 =

| RD3-seed1 =
| RD3-team1 = '''[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]'''
| RD3-score1 =FIL
| RD3-seed2 =
| RD3-team2 = [[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]
| RD3-score2 =

| RD3-seed3 =
| RD3-team3 = '''[[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]'''
| RD3-score3 =FIL
| RD3-seed4 =
| RD3-team4 = [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]
| RD3-score4 =

| RD4-seed1 =
| RD4-team1 = '''[[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]'''
| RD4-score1 =Win
| RD4-seed2 =
| RD4-team2 = [[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]
| RD4-score2 =
}}

'''* FIL''' – First Innings Lead

===Plate playoffs===
{{Test match |
date = 18–21 December|
team1 = [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]]|
team2 = [[Madhya Pradesh cricket team|Madhya Pradesh]]|

score-team1-inns1 = 579 (189.5 overs) |
runs-team1-inns1 = [[Mukesh Sharma]] 161 (380) |
wickets-team1-inns1 =[[Yogesh Golwalkar]] 189/3 (48 overs)|

score-team2-inns1 = 228 (83.4 overs) |
runs-team2-inns1 = [[Jalaj Saxena]] 107 (194) |
wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Ashok Thakur]] 40/4 (20 overs)|

score-team2-inns2 = 176 (50.3 overs) |
runs-team2-inns2 = [[Hrishikesh Kanitkar]] 66 (174) |
wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Mohinder Sharma]] 45/5 (15.3 overs) |

result = Himachal Pradesh won by an innings and 175 runs |
venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground]], [[Nagpur]]|
umpires = [[Purnachandra Godbole]] and [[T. R. Kashyappan]]|
motm = |
report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8845/scorecard/372311 Scorecard]|
rain = |
}}
----
{{Test match |
date = 18–21 December|
team1 = [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]|
team2 = [[Goa cricket team|Goa]]|

score-team1-inns1 = 337 (79.0 overs)|
runs-team1-inns1 = [[Dibyendu Chakrabarty]] 82 (223)|
wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Saurabh Bandekar]] 75/6 (33 overs)|

score-team2-inns1 = 230 (83.5 overs)|
runs-team2-inns1 = [[Ryan Ninan]] 88[[not out|*]] (320)|
wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Ranadeb Bose]] 62/6 (26 overs) |

score-team1-inns2 = 193/5 (46.0 overs)|
runs-team1-inns2 = [[Manoj Tiwary (cricketer)|Manoj Tiwary]] 80 (118)|
wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Harshad Gadekar]] 32/2 (11 overs)|

score-team2-inns2 = |
runs-team2-inns2 = |
wickets-team2-inns2 = |

result = Match drawn, Bengal advanced|
venue = [[Karnail Singh Stadium]], [[Delhi]]|
umpires = [[Subrat Das]] and [[Avdhoot Gokhale]]|
motm = |
report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8845/scorecard/372312 Scorecard]|
rain = |
}}

===Quarterfinals===
{{Test match |
date = 26–29 December|
team1 = [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]|
team2 = [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]]|

score-team1-inns1 = 495 (124.4 overs) |
runs-team1-inns1 = [[Wasim Jaffer]] 108 (183) |
wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Jitender Mehta]] 87/3 (19 overs)|

score-team2-inns1 = 250 (80.5 overs) |
runs-team2-inns1 = [[Sarandeep Singh]] 75 (121) |
wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Abhishek Nayar]] 45/6 (17 overs)|

score-team1-inns2 = 43/1 (13.4 overs) |
runs-team1-inns2 = [[Vinayak Samant]] 24[[not out|*]] (36) |
wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Bhavin Thakkar]] 18/1 (3.4 overs) |

score-team2-inns2 = 287 (68.4 overs)|
runs-team2-inns2 = [[Paras Dogra]] 90 (97) |
wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Ajit Agarkar]] 78/5 (18 overs)|

result = [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] won by 9 wickets |
venue = [[Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera|Sardar Patel Stadium]], [[Motera]]|
umpires = Sanjeeva Rao and [[Shavir Tarapore]] |
motm = |
report = [http://content-www.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368283.html Scorecard]|
rain = |
}}
----
{{Test match |
date = 26–29 December|
team1 = [[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]|
team2 = [[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]]|

score-team1-inns1 = 189 (79 overs)|
runs-team1-inns1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 38 (74)|
wickets-team1-inns1 = [[C Raghu]] 8/2 (6 overs)|

score-team2-inns1 = 305 (99.5 overs)|
runs-team2-inns1 = [[Robin Uthappa]] 139 (200)|
wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 82/5 (32 overs) |

score-team1-inns2 = 327/5 (79 overs)|
runs-team1-inns2 = [[Cheteshwar Pujara]] 112 (224)|
wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Vinay Kumar]] 84/3 (20 overs)|

score-team2-inns2 = 208 (80.1 overs)|
runs-team2-inns2 = [[Balachandra Akhil]] 56 (127)|
wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Sandeep Jobanputra]] 54/5 (22.1 overs)|

result = [[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]] won by 5 wickets|
venue = [[Brabourne Stadium]], [[Mumbai]]|
umpires = [[Sanjay Hazare]] &[[Suresh Shastri]]|
motm = |
report = [http://content-www.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/match/368284.html Scorecard]|
rain = |
}}
----
{{Test match |
date = 26–29 December|
team1 = [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]]|
team2 = [[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]|

score-team1-inns1 = 117 (40.2 overs) |
runs-team1-inns1 = [[Timil Patel]] 43[[not out|*]] (77)|
wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Praveen Kumar (cricketer)|Praveen Kumar]] 29/5 (13.2 overs) |

score-team2-inns1 = 305 (112.5 overs) |
runs-team2-inns1 =[[Suresh Raina]] 93 (172)|
wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Ashraf Makda]] 40/3 (22 overs)|

score-team1-inns2 = 106/3 (47 overs)|
runs-team1-inns2 = [[Nilesh Modi]] 57(148)|
wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Bhuvneshwar Kumar]] 12/2 (9 overs)|

score-team2-inns2 = 375 (146.1 overs) |
runs-team2-inns2 = [[Praveen Gupta]] 74 (108)|
wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Mohnish Parmar]] 113/5 (48.1 overs)|

result = Match Drawn, [[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]] advanced|
venue = [[Moti Bagh Stadium]], [[Vadodara]]|
umpires = [[Subroto Daas]] & [[Madanmohan Singh]]|
motm = |
report = [http://content-www.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/match/368285.html Scorecard] |
rain = |
}}
----
{{Test match |
date = 26–29 December|
team1 = [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]|
team2 = [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]]|

score-team1-inns1 = 306 (98.5 overs)|
runs-team1-inns1 = [[Selvam Suresh Kumar|Suresh Kumar]] 75 (130)|
wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Ritam Kundu]] 54/2 (14 overs)|

score-team2-inns1 = 345 (115 overs)|
runs-team2-inns1 = [[Manoj Tiwary (cricketer)|Manoj Tiwary]] 144 (201)|
wickets-team2-inns1 = [[C. Ganapathy]] 59/5 (26 overs) |

score-team1-inns2 = 227/2 (52 overs)|
runs-team1-inns2 = [[Subramaniam Badrinath]] 92 (116)|
wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Sourav Sarkar]] 36/1 (9 overs)|

score-team2-inns2 = 187 (65.5 overs)|
runs-team2-inns2 = [[Laxmi Shukla]] 47 (96)|
wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]] 24/6 (20 overs)|

result = [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]] won by 8 wickets|
venue = [[M Chinnaswamy Stadium]], [[Bangalore]]|
umpires = [[Sudhir Asnani]] & [[Krishna Hariharan]]|
motm = |
report = [http://content-www.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/engine/current/match/368286.html Scorecard]|
rain = |
}}

===Semi-finals===
Mumbai were the first team to qualify for the final after on the basis of a lead over Saurashtra's first-innings total. The latter were dismissed for 379 in their first innings by Mumbai who made 637. [[Wasim Jaffer]] top-scored with 301 for them, while [[Sachin Tendulkar]] made 122.<ref>{{cite news |title=Mumbai march into Ranji finals |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/385604.html |access-date=6 September 2018 |work=ESPNcricinfo |date=7 January 2009 |language=en}}</ref>

Uttar Pradesh advanced to the final, also by virtue of a first-innings lead, over Tamil Nadu. In reply to the latter's first innings total of 445, Uttar Pradesh's [[Shivakant Shukla]], who made an unbeaten 178 in 569 balls and 821 minutes, helped his team go past the score securing a qualification for the final. [[Parvinder Singh]], who scored his maiden first-class century, and Shukla batted for a total of five-and-half-hours, and added 272 runs for the fourth wicket.<ref>{{cite news |title=Shukla drives UP into Ranji final |url=http://www.rediff.com/cricket/report/shivakant-shukla-drives-up-into-ranji-final/20090107.htm |access-date=6 September 2018 |work=[[Rediff.com]] |date=7 January 2009}}</ref>

{{Test match |
date = 4–7 January 2009|
team1 = [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]|
team2 = [[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]]|

score-team1-inns1 = 637/6[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (180 overs) |
runs-team1-inns1 = [[Wasim Jaffer]] 301 (459) |
wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 150/2 (39 overs)|

score-team2-inns1 = 379 (130 overs) |
runs-team2-inns1 = [[Shitanshu Kotak]] 89 (325) |
wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Ramesh Powar]] 108/4 (35 overs)|

score-team1-inns2 = 42/1 (12 overs) |
runs-team1-inns2 =[[Rohit Sharma]] 30[[not out|*]] (40) |
wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 11/1 (5 overs)|

score-team2-inns2 = |
runs-team2-inns2 = |
wickets-team2-inns2 = |

result = Match drawn, Mumbai advanced to the final|
venue = [[MA Chidambaram Stadium]], [[Chennai]]|
umpires = [[Sanjay Hazare]] and [[Amiesh Saheba]] |
motm = |
toss = Mumbai won the toss and elected to bat.|
report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8846/scorecard/368287 Scorecard]|
rain = |
notes = [[Ajinkya Rahane]] (Mumbai) passed 1,000 runs, and [[Jaydev Shah]] and [[Rakesh Dhruv]] (both Saurashtra) passed 2,000 runs each in first-class cricket.<ref>{{CricketArchive|ref=Archive/Scorecards/188/188500|name=Mumbai v Saurashtra, Ranji Trophy 2008/09 (Semi-Final)}}</ref> |
}}
----
{{Test match |
date = 4–7 January 2009|
team1 = [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]]|
team2 = [[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]|

score-team1-inns1 = 445 (164.5 overs) |
runs-team1-inns1 = [[Abhinav Mukund]] 100 (175) |
wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Praveen Kumar (cricketer)|Praveen Kumar]] 3/104 (41 overs)|

score-team2-inns1 = 447/8 (192.3 overs) |
runs-team2-inns1 = [[Shivakant Shukla]] 178[[not out|*]] (569) |
wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]] 5/114 (53.3 overs)|

score-team1-inns2 = |
runs-team1-inns2 = |
wickets-team1-inns2 = |

score-team2-inns2 = |
runs-team2-inns2 = |
wickets-team2-inns2 = |

result = Match drawn, Uttar Pradesh advanced to the final|
venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Stadium]], [[Nagpur]]|
umpires = [[Suresh Shastri]] and [[Shavir Tarapore]] |
motm = |
report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8846/scorecard/368288 Scorecard]|
toss = Tamil Nadu won the toss and elected to bat.|
rain = |
notes = [[Parvinder Singh]] (Uttar Pradesh) scored his first century in first-class cricket.<ref>{{CricketArchive|ref=Archive/Scorecards/188/188501|name=Tamil Nadu v Uttar Pradesh, Ranji Trophy 2008/09 (Semi-Final)}}</ref>
*''[[Shivakant Shukla]]'s (Uttar Pradesh) innings of 178 was then the fourth longest innings in first-class cricket in terms of minutes batted (821).''<ref>{{cite news |last1=Monga |first1=Sidharth |title=Gallant Shukla bats Uttar Pradesh into final |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/385667.html |access-date=6 September 2018 |work=ESPNcricinfo |date=7 January 2009 |language=en}}</ref>
}}

=== Final ===
{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 12–16 January
| team1 = [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]
| team2 = [[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]]

| score-team1-inns1 = 402 (131 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 141 (337)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Bhuvneshwar Kumar]] 5/78 (30 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 245 (100.2 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Shivakant Shukla]] 99 (395)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Zaheer Khan]] 7/54 (27.2 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 367 (127 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Vinayak Samant]] 113 (239)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Piyush Chawla]] 4/94 (35 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 281 (71.5 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Bhuvneshwar Kumar]] 80 (132)
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Dhawal Kulkarni]] 5/76 (18.5 overs)

| result = Mumbai won by 243 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8846/scorecard/368289 Scorecard]
| venue = [[Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium|Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium]], [[Hyderabad]]
| umpires = [[Amiesh Saheba]] and [[Shavir Tarapore]]
| motm =
| toss = Uttar Pradesh won the toss and elected to field.
| rain =
| notes = [[Vinayak Samant]] (Mumbai) scored his first century in first-class cricket.<ref name="final">{{CricketArchive|ref=Archive/Scorecards/188/188502|name=Mumbai v Uttar Pradesh, Ranji Trophy 2008/09 (Final)}}</ref>
*''[[Zaheer Khan]] (Mumbai) claimed his 500th wicket in first-class cricket.''<ref name="final"/>
}}

==Records==

* In the 2nd Semifinal, Shivakant Shukla was at the bat by 821 minutes, the fourth longest innings in first class and the second in Indian cricket, in this time he scored 178 runs at 569 balls faced for guide to Uttar Pradesh to the final.<ref>[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/ranjisuperleague2008/content/story/385667.html Gallant Shukla bats Uttar Pradesh into final]</ref>

==Statistics==

===Runs===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=100%
|- align="center"
! class="unsortable" | Player
! class="unsortable" | Team
! class="unsortable" | Matches
! class="unsortable" | Inns
! class="unsortable" | [[Not out|NO]]
! Runs
! class="unsortable" | Balls
! HS
! [[strike rate|S/Rate]]
! 100s
! 50s
! Ave
|- align="center"
| [[Wasim Jaffer]] || [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] || 10 || 16 || 1 || 1260 || 1814 || 301 || 64.48 || 4 || 5 || 84.00
|- align="center"
| [[Ajinkya Rahane]] || [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] || 10 || 17 || 1 || 1089 || 1587 || 201 || 65.84 || 4 || 5 || 68.06
|- align="center"
| [[Cheteshwar Pujara]] || [[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]] || 9 || 13 || 2 || 906 || 1268 || 302* || 71.45 || 4 || 0 || 82.36
|- align="center"
| [[Abhinav Mukund]] || [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]] || 8 || 11 || 1 || 856 || 1391 || 300* || 61.53 || 4 || 0 || 85.60
|- align="center"
| [[Rohit Sharma]] || [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] || 10 || 15 || 1 || 747 || 1071 || 141 || 69.74 || 3 || 3 || 53.35
|- align="center"
| [[Ravindra Jadeja]] || [[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]] || 9 || 13 || 2 || 739 || 1196 || 232* || 61.78 || 2 || 3 || 67.18
|- align="center"
| [[Sangram Singh (cricketer)|Sangram Singh]] || [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]] || 7 || 12 || 1 || 703 || 1117 || 215* || 63.91 || 2 || 3 || 62.94
|- align="center"
| [[Bhavik Thaker]] || [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]] || 8 || 12 || 4 || 693 || 1435 || 192 || 48.29 || 3 || 1 || 86.62
|- align="center"
| [[Tanmay Srivastava]] || [[Uttar Pradesh cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]] || 9 || 15 || 1 || 667 || 1381 || 159 || 48.29 || 2 || 4 || 47.64
|- align="center"
| [[Kedar Jadhav]] || [[Maharashtra cricket team|Maharashtra]] || 6 || 11 || 2 || 651 || 1234 || 114* || 52.75 || 1 || 6 || 72.33
|}

===Wickets===
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=100%
|- align="center"
! class="unsortable" | Player
! class="unsortable" | Team
! class="unsortable" | Matches
! class="unsortable" | Overs
! class="unsortable" | Runs
! Wickets
! class="unsortable" | BBI
! class="unsortable" | BBM
! Econ
! [[strike rate|S/R]]
! 5+/i
! 10+/m
! Ave.
|- align="center"
| [[Dhawal Kulkarni]] || [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] || 9 || 273.3 || 813 || 42 || 7/50 || 9/86 || 2.97 || 39.0 || 4 || 0 || 19.35
|- align="center"
| [[Ravindra Jadeja]] || [[Saurashtra cricket team|Saurashtra]] || 9 || 369.3 || 837 || 42 || 7/31 || 10/88 || 2.26 || 52.7 || 4 || 1 || 19.92
|- align="center"
| [[Monish Parmar|Mohnish Parmar]] || [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]] || 8 || 341 || 801 || 41 || 6/51 || 12/104 || 2.34 || 49.9 || 4 || 1 || 19.53
|- align="center"
| [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]] || [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]] || 7 || 245 || 630 || 36 || 6/24 || 9/80 || 2.57 || 40.8 || 4 || 0 || 17.5
|- align="center"
| [[Vikramjeet Malik]] || [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]] || 7 || 236.2 || 560 || 35 || 7/29 || 13/72 || 2.37 || 40.5 || 2 || 1 || 16.00
|- align="center"
| [[Siddharth Trivedi]] || [[Gujarat cricket team|Gujarat]] || 8 || 261 || 649 || 34 || 5/43 || 9/96 || 2.48 || 46 || 2 || 0 || 19.08
|- align="center"
| [[Ramesh Powar]] || [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] || 9 || 268.3 || 889 || 34 || 5/44 || 8/70 || 3.31 || 47.3 || 2 || 0 || 26.14
|- align="center"
| [[Ranadeb Bose]] || [[Bengal cricket team|Bengal]] || 7 || 208 || 484 || 33 || 6/62 || 7/41 || 2.33 || 37.8 || 3 || 0 || 14.67
|- align="center"
| [[Sunil Joshi]] || [[Karnataka cricket team|Karnataka]] || 7 || 302.2 || 694 || 33 || 7/29 || 11/91 || 2.29 || 54.9 || 3 || 1 || 21.03
|- align="center"
| [[Samad Fallah]] || [[Maharashtra cricket team|Maharashtra]] || 6 || 252.3 || 807 || 33 || 6/102 || 8/159 || 3.19 || 45.9 || 4 || 0 || 24.45
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/series/361120.html 2008–09 Ranji Trophy] at [[ESPNcricinfo]]
* {{CricketArchive|ref=Archive/Events/11/Ranji_Trophy_2008-09|name=Ranji Trophy 2008/09}}

{{Ranji Trophy Seasons}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ranji Trophy, 2008-09}}
[[Category:2008 in Indian cricket]]
[[Category:2009 in Indian cricket]]
[[Category:Domestic cricket competitions in 2008–09]]
[[Category:Ranji Trophy seasons]]

Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary

2026-02-22T16:58:36Z

Silentbram: Started New Article

{{Short description|Protected area in Himachal Pradesh, India}}
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary
| alt_name =
| iucn_category = IV
| iucn_ref =
| image =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_size =
| map = India Himachal Pradesh#India
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Himachal Pradesh##Location in India
| map_width =
| relief = 1
| mapframe = Yes
| mapframe-zoom = 10
| location = Mandi district, Himachal Pradesh
| nearest_city = [[Shimla]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|31.450|N|76.905|E}}
| coords_ref =
| area = {{Convert|41.32|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}
| elevation =
| established = 1962
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| governing_body = [[Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change]]
| url =
}}

The '''Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary''' is a [[nature reserve]] in [[Mandi district]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], [[India]], which covers {{Convert|41.32|km2}} and is located approximately seven kilometres from the town of [[Sundar Nagar]]. The sanctuary extends along the east and south sides of the Seri Khad stream. "Khad" is the [[Western Pahari|Himachali]] term for a stream that provides essential water sources for the sanctuary's plants and wildlife.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |date=5 October 2015 |title=Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary |url=https://wii.gov.in/eia/casestudies/mining_projects2_baseline_information6 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101152616/https://wii.gov.in/eia/casestudies/mining_projects2_baseline_information6 |archive-date=1 November 2023 |access-date=1 November 2023 |website=Wildlife Institute of India |language=en}}</ref>

The area is full of steep slopes, [[Grassland|grasslands]], and various [[Nullah|nullahs]]. The Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary is a habitat for a diverse range of plant and animal species.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bandli Sanctuary - One of the Most Beautiful Wildlife Sanctuary of Himachal Pradesh |url=https://www.exploreourindia.com/bandli-sanctuary |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=www.exploreourindia.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Fauna==

Seventy different [[bird]] species have been documented within the wildlife sanctuary.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=1) Paliwal 2) Sharief 3) Sidhu 4) Kubendran |first=1) Shivani 2) Amira 3) Avtar Kaur 4) T. |date=January 2019 |title=Species Diversity and Abundance of Avifauna in Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary, Mandi (Himachal Pradesh) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331837758 |journal=Zoology, Avifouna}}</ref> Notably, the sanctuary harbours the [[cheer pheasant]] (''Catreus wallichii''), a species classified as globally vulnerable<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-11-27 |title=Cheer pheasants flourishing in Bandli sanctuary |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cheer-pheasants-flourishing-in-bandli-sanctuary/articleshow/10887199.cms |access-date=2023-09-20 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2023-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003002503/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cheer-pheasants-flourishing-in-bandli-sanctuary/articleshow/10887199.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> and categorized as a restricted-range species of the western [[Himalayas]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kaul |first1=Rahul |last2=Kalsi |first2=Rajiv S. |last3=Singh |first3=Randeep |last4=Basnet |first4=Hari |last5=Awan |first5=Muhammad Naeem |date=October 2022 |title=Cheer Pheasant (Catreus wallichii) and the Conservation Paradox: Importance of Unprotected Areas |journal=Diversity |language=en |volume=14 |issue=10 |pages=785 |doi=10.3390/d14100785 |issn=1424-2818 |doi-access=free}}</ref> The Sanctuary also supports populations of the [[Kalij pheasant]] (''Lophura leucomelanos''), [[Indian peafowl]] (''Pavo cristatus'') and the [[red junglefowl]] (''Gallus gallus''). Other avian species in the sanctuary include the [[Himalayan swiftlet]], [[long-tailed shrike]], [[blue-throated barbet]], [[red-billed blue magpie]], and [[fire-capped tit]].

In addition to its avian diversity, the sanctuary also serves as a habitat for a variety of mammals, including the [[snow leopard]], ''[[Goral]]'', [[Muntjac|barking deer]], [[Gray langur|Hanuman langur]], [[Bengal fox|Indian fox]], and [[Asian black bear|black bear]].

According to findings from a Cumulative Environmental Impact Assessment (CEIA), the Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the ten areas within the [[Sutlej|Sutlej basin]] and its tributaries that merit protection as a "no-hydro project zone" to safeguard fish fauna.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chauhan |first=Kuldeep |date=July 3, 2014 |title=Declare fish-rich areas as no-hydro project zone: CEIA report |work=The Tribune |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2014/20140704/himachal.htm#15 |access-date=September 20, 2023 |archive-date=November 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102055342/https://www.tribuneindia.com/2014/20140704/himachal.htm#15 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Concerns==

In 2010, the [[Himachal Pradesh High Court]] nullified the environmental clearance granted to a cement plant in [[Sundar Nagar]], responding to local protests and concerns over the plant's proximity to Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary. However, during the Standing Committee meeting of the [[National Board for Wildlife|National Board for Wildlife (NBWL)]] in August 2014, a proposal was presented for the expansion of a cement plant at Bagga, [[Himachal Pradesh]]. The proposed site was 5.6 km from the boundary of the [[Majthal Sanctuary|Majathal Sanctuary]] and 9.9 km from the Bandli Sanctuary.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12–13 August 2014 |title=Minutes of the 31st Meeting of the Standing Committee of National Board for Wildlife held on 12-13 August 2014 at Indira Paryavaran Bhawan, Jor Bag Road, New Delhi. |url=https://forestsclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/Order_and_Release/31.pdf |access-date=20 September 2023 |archive-date=10 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810121318/http://forestsclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/Order_and_Release/31.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The Standing Committee approved the proposal requiring that 2% of the project's expenses be set aside for mitigation efforts and the protection and supervision of the wildlife within the Protected Area.

Apart from meddling with the environment in and around the Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary, the areas also faces challenges from [[poaching]], particularly during the winter season,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chauhan |first=Kuldeep |title=Come winter season & poachers are on the prowl |work=The Tribune |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/himachaltribune/come-winter-season-poachers-are-on-the-prowl-712556 |access-date=2023-09-20 |archive-date=2023-11-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102055345/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/himachaltribune/come-winter-season-poachers-are-on-the-prowl-712556 |url-status=live }}</ref> and leopard attacks. There have been reports of leopard attacks in neighbouring areas of [[Sunder Nagar]] and [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi]], as well as sightings in nearby courtyards and colleges.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Deepak |date=2020-06-17 |title=Sundernagar: कमांद में आदमखोर तेंदुए ने दिनदहाड़े 2 लोगों पर किया हमला, गंभीर घायल |url=https://himachalabhiabhi.com/2-people-seriously-injured-due-to-leopard-attacked-in-sundernagar-district-mandi/ |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=Himachal Abhi Abhi |language=en-gb |archive-date=2023-11-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102055604/https://himachalabhiabhi.com/2-people-seriously-injured-due-to-leopard-attacked-in-sundernagar-district-mandi/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=June 27, 2021 |title=Mandi woman injured in leopard attack |work=The Tribune |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/mandi-woman-injured-in-leopard-attack-269519 |access-date=September 20, 2023 |archive-date=November 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102055342/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/mandi-woman-injured-in-leopard-attack-269519 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-31 |title=VIDEO: मंडी में घर के आंगन में दिनदिहाड़े घूमता दिखा तेंदुआ, लोगों के उड़े होश |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/himachal-pradesh/mandi-sunder-nagar-leopard-viral-video-caught-in-cctv-while-wild-cat-walk-in-courtyard-6367769.html |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=News18 हिंदी |language=hi |archive-date=2023-11-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102055343/https://hindi.news18.com/news/himachal-pradesh/mandi-sunder-nagar-leopard-viral-video-caught-in-cctv-while-wild-cat-walk-in-courtyard-6367769.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}{{Protected areas of Himachal Pradesh}}
[[Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Mandi district]]
[[Category:Geography of Mandi district]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1962]]
[[Category:1962 establishments in Himachal Pradesh]]

People's Party of Arunachal

2026-02-15T06:55:18Z

Silentbram:

{{short description|Political party in India}}
{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox Indian Political Party
| party_name = People's Party of Arunachal
|colorcode = #026D37
|flag =
| president = [[Nabam Vivek]]
| founder = [[Bakin Pertin]]
| foundation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|p=y|1977|04|10}}
| loksabha_seats = {{Composition bar|0|543|hex=#026D37}}
| rajyasabha_seats = {{Composition bar|0|245|hex=#026D37}}
| state_seats_name = [[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Arunachal Pradesh]]
| state_seats = {{Composition bar|6|60|hex=#026D37}}
| alliance = [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]] (2016–2018), (2024–present)
| ideology = [[Regionalism (politics)|Regionalism]] [[Citizenship Amendment Act protests|Anti-]][[Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019|CAA]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://arunachaltimes.in/index.php/2019/03/31/statehood-act-at-core-of-ppas-manifesto/ | title=Statehood Act at core of PPA's manifesto | the Arunachal Times | date=31 March 2019 }}</ref>
| headquarters = Mowb-II, Near AG office [[Itanagar]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
| symbol = [[File:Indian Election Symbol Maize.svg|150px|Maize]] Maize
| eci = State Party<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification 1349 Dated 18.01.2013|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=9 May 2013|location=India|year=2013}}</ref>
| website = [http://peoplespartyofarunachal.com/about-ppa// People's Party of Arunachal]
}}

'''Peoples Party of Arunachal''' is a regional political party in the [[India]]n state of [[Arunachal Pradesh]]. It was founded in September 1977 by [[Bakin Pertin]], Oken Lego and [[James Lowangcha Wanglat|L. Wanglat]] as president, Vice President and General Secretary of the party. Tomo Riba resigned from PK Thungon government of Congress Party and joined PPA as Vice President of the party. Currently, [[Kamen Ringu]] is the chairman of the party. They were in power in [[Arunachal]] until all of their MLAs defected back to [[Indian National Congress]].

On 16 September 2016, 43 MLAs from the ruling party, under the CM [[Pema Khandu]], left [[Indian National Congress]] to join People's Party of Arunachal party, in alliance with [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]. In December 2016, CM Pema Khandu proved majority on the floor with 33 of the People's Party of Arunachal's 43 legislators joining the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] as the BJP party increased its strength to 45 and secured an absolute majority.

== History ==

Following the election of Pertin as Member of Parliament, a meeting was organized in [[Pasighat]] in April 1977. In this meeting, the PPA constitution was drafted under the Chairmanship of L. Wanglat who joined Pertin and Oken Lego. He was Congress General Secretary of Tirap District and also Pradesh Organiser of Seva Dal in the state of Arunachal Pradesh. After the Peoples Party of Arunachal was formed,<ref>Modi, Milorai. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=ynUPAQAAMAAJ The Millangs]''. Itanagar: Himalayan Publishers, 2007. p. 90</ref><ref name="begi">Begi, Joram. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=CgcfXjMcgZkC&pg=PA17 Education in Arunachal Pradesh Since 1947: Constraints, Opportunities, Initiatives and Needs]''. New Delhi: Mittal Publ, 2007. p. 17</ref> Pertin became the president of the new party.<ref>Johsi, H. G. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=gGGAyVQJTRwC&pg=PA126 Arunachal Pradesh: Past and Present]''. New Delhi, India: Mittal Publications, 2005. p. 126</ref> Whilst being the leader of PPA, Pertin continued to be linked to the [[Janata Party]] which was then in government in [[Delhi]].<ref>Shiv Lal. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=6MslAAAAMAAJ Elections Under the Janata Rule]''. New Delhi: Election Archives, 1978. p. 21</ref> Pertin had the status of being an 'associated' member of the [[Janata Party]]. He later broke his links with the [[Janata Party]] after Congress Party led by CM P.K Thungon merged en-blocked with the Janata Party. Bakin Partin joined INC as an associate member in Parliament while still keeping PPA in Arunachal Pradesh. He was close to Indira Gandhi. Bakin Partin was the first MP to demand the dissolution of the House and called for fresh election <ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=rSVBAQAAIAAJ Organiser]'', Vol. 30. Bharat Prakashan., 1978. p. 33</ref><ref>Gurmit Singh. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=jCtuAAAAMAAJ Failures of Akali Leadership]''. Sirsa, Haryana: Usha Institute of Religious Studies, 1981. p. 215</ref>

In 1979, PPA MLA and former Congress Minister Tomo Riba became the first PPA Chief Minister. It was a short-lived government spanning from September 1979 to November 1979 with a total of 47 days. A general election was announced in 1980, Arunachal Pradesh State election was included with the general election to elect the Union Territory MLAs. PPA of Tomo Riba and INC of PK Thungon won 13 each in a house of 30 seats. The rest 6 seats were PPA supported independent members. With Indira Gandhi coming back to Power PPA the first associate of INC became the first victim with its President Bakin Partin losing his MP seat from 2 East MP Constituency with most of its members and independent joining INC Party in Arunachal Pradesh. After this party had little success in [[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]].

In 1996, [[Tomo Riba]] left the party and joined Gegong Apang camp. Both the leaders had months of deliberation before Tomo Riba and Gegong Apang patched up their political differences. Tomo Riba contested the West Parliamentary election as independent candidate 1996 and became member of the 11th Lok Sabha with the support of Gegong Apang although Apang was Congress Chief Minister in the state of Arunachal Pradesh.

Currently, it is a part of [[North-East Regional Political Front]] consisting of political parties of the northeast which has supported the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)]].

In December 2015, 30 dissident [[Indian National Congress]] MLAs including chief minister, [[Kalikho Pul]] joined Peoples Party of Arunachal and formed the government along with [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/51270076.cms|title=Arunachal Pradesh: Two deputy chief minister in Kalikho Pul's cabinet|first=Bikash|last=Singh|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=5 March 2016 }}</ref>

In May 2016, after the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] led [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] formed its first government in [[Assam]], a new alliance called the [[North-East Democratic Alliance]] (NEDA) was formed with [[Himanta Biswa Sarma]] as its convener. The Chief Ministers of the north eastern states of [[Sikkim]], [[Assam]] and [[Nagaland]] too belong to this alliance. Thus, the People's Party of Arunachal joined the BJP led NEDA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/amit-shah-holds-meeting-with-northeast-cms-forms-alliance/story-YDYLQ6YsImuzZOQ6Zev5MO.html|title=Amit Shah holds meeting with northeast CMs, forms alliance|date=25 May 2016|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

All of the 30 MLAs returned to [[Indian National Congress]] on 16 July 2016 and [[Pema Khandu]] was sworn in as the [[Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh]].

On 16 September 2016, 43 MLAs from the ruling party, under the CM [[Pema Khandu]], left [[Indian National Congress]] to join People's Party of Arunachal party, in alliance with [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]. Though [[Pema Khandu]] is still the Chief minister, it is soon expected that either a coalition government will be formed with BJP as the speaker of assembly has also changed sides with the CM, or that the Indian Government will dissolve the state assembly for a fresh general elections.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/cong-loses-arunachal-2-months-after-it-got-it-43-of-44-mlas-defect-3034803/|title=Congress loses Arunachal two months after it got it, 43 of 44 MLAs defect|date=26 October 2016}}</ref>

In October 2016, [[Pema Khandu]], [[Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh]] formally joined hands with [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], making [[Arunachal Pradesh]] 14th state to have BJP in power,<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/tamiyo-taga-sworn-in-as-cabinet-minister-of-arunachal-pradesh-116101400605_1.html|title=Tamiyo Taga sworn-in as Cabinet minister of Arunachal Pradesh|last=ANI|date=2016-10-14|newspaper=Business Standard India|access-date=2016-10-14}}</ref> and with this new coalition, [[Tamiyo Taga]] sworn in as Cabinet minister of [[Arunachal Pradesh]].<ref name="auto"/>

On 21 December 2016 [[Pema Khandu]] was suspended from the party by the party president [[Kahfa Bengia]] and [[Takam Pario]] was named as the next likely [[Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh]] replacing Khandu after People's Party of Arunachal suspended Khandu along with 6 other MLAs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/takam-pario-to-be-new-chief-minister-of-arunachal-pradesh-ppa-chairman-says/articleshow/56250761.cms|title=Takam Pario: After Pema Khandu's suspension, Takam Pario likely to be new Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh | India News - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=30 December 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/takam-pario-likely-to-be-arunachal-cm-in-2017-after-ppa-suspends-pema-khandu-6-mlas-3180414.html|title=Takam Pario likely to be Arunachal CM in 2017 after PPA suspends Pema Khandu, 6 MLAs |date=30 December 2016|website=Firstpost}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/takam-pario-the-richest-mla-may-replace-pema-khandu-as-arunachal-pradesh-cm/story-vqnTyUSc01QcqOExcc9ueM.html|title=Takam Pario, the richest Arunachal MLA, may replace Pema Khandu as CM|date=30 December 2016|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

In December 2016, Pema Khandu proved majority on the floor with 33 of the People's Party of Arunachal's 43 legislators joining the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] as the BJP party increased its strength to 45 and it has the support of two independents. He became second [[Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh]] of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] in [[Arunachal Pradesh]] after 44 days lead [[Gegong Apang]] government in 2003.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/in-arunachal-cm-pema-khandu-wins-musical-chairs-game-for-bjp-4453844/|title=In Arunachal, CM Pema Khandu wins musical chairs game for BJP|date=1 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/arunachal-shifting-to-bjp-pema-khandu-drops-3-ministers-2-advisors-5-parliamentary-secretaries-4455888/|title=Arunachal: Shifting to BJP, Pema Khandu drops 3 ministers, 2 advisors, 5 parliamentary secretaries|date=3 January 2017}}</ref>

==List of presidents==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" | S.no
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" | President
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" colspan=3 | Term
|-
!1.
|[[Kamen Ringu]]
|November 2003
|10 April 2015
|12 years
|-
!2.
|Kahfa Bengia
|10 April 2015
|7 December 2024
|{{age in years and days|2015|4|10|2024|12|7}}
|-
!3.
|[[Nabam Vivek]]
|7 December 2024
|'''Incumbent'''
|{{age in years and days|2024|12|7|}}
|-
|}

== Electoral history ==

{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1" width=60%
|-
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" |Elections
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" |MLAs Elected
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" |Contested
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | [[1978 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1978]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 8
| style="text-align: center;" | 21
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | [[1980 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 13
| style="text-align: center;" | 28
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | [[1984 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1984]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 4
| style="text-align: center;" | 13
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | [[1990 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | [[1995 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1995]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | [[1999 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1999]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | [[2004 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | [[2009 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2009]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 4
| style="text-align: center;" | 10
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | [[2014 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2014]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Congress wins 42 assembly seats in Arunachal Pradesh|url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/XmicMdiVYMPUB6CJYRhE2J/Congress-leading-in-6-PPA-BJP-in-2-assembly-seats-in-Aruna.html|publisher=live mint|access-date=25 February 2016|language=en|date=17 May 2014}}</ref>
| style="text-align: center;" | 5
| style="text-align: center;" | 16
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | [[2019 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2019]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election, 2019|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11675-arunachal-pradesh-legislative-assembly-election-2019/|publisher=ECI|access-date=14 June 2020|language=en|date=24 May 2019}}</ref>
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| style="text-align: center;" | 9
|-
|style="text-align: center;" | [[2024 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
|style="text-align: center;" | 2
|style="text-align: center;" | 11
|}

==List of chief ministers==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" | No
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" | Name
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" |Portrait
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" colspan="2" | Term of office
! Style="background-color:#026D37; color:white" | Days in office
|- align=center style="height: 60px;"
!1.
| [[Tomo Riba]]
|
| 18 September 1979
| 3 November 1979
| {{ayd|1979|9|18|1979|11|3}}
|- align=center style="height: 60px;"
!2.
| [[Kalikho Pul]]
|
| 19 February 2016
| 13 July 2016
| {{ayd|2016|2|19|2016|7|13}}
|- align=center style="height: 60px;"
!3.
| [[Pema Khandu]]
|
| 16 September 2016
| 31 December 2016
| {{ayd|2016|9|16|2016|12|31}}
|- align=center style="height: 60px;"
|}

== Members of Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |Members of Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
|-
!Year
!Sr.
no.
!Name
!Constituency
|-
! rowspan="8" |[[File:India Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly 1978.svg|thumb|[[1978 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]]]
|'''1.'''
|[[Tara Payeng]]
|[[Toksing Taliha Assembly Constituency|Toksing Taliha]]
|-
|'''2.'''
|[[Lijum Ronya]]
|[[Along North Assembly Constituency|Along North]]
|-
|'''3.'''
|[[Tomo Riba]]
|[[Basar Assembly constituency|Basar]]
|-
|'''4.'''
|[[Sutem Tasung]]
|[[Palin Assembly constituency|Palin]]
|-
|'''5.'''
|[[Onyok Rome]]
|[[Mariyang Mebo Assembly Constituency|Mariyang Mebo]]
|-
|'''6.'''
|[[Aken Lego]]
|[[Roing Assembly constituency|Roing]]
|-
|'''7.'''
|[[Jungpum Jugli]]
|[[Noadehing Nampong Assembly Constituency|Noadehing Nampong]]
|-
|'''8.'''
|[[Sijen Kongkang]]
|[[Khonsa South Assembly Constituency|Khonsa South]]
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |Members of Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
|-
!Year
!Sr.
no.
!Name
!Constituency
|-
! rowspan="13" |[[File:India Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly 1980.svg|thumb|[[1980 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]]]
|'''1.'''
|[[Karma Wangohu]]
|[[Tawang 1 Assembly Constituency|Tawang 1]]
|-
|'''2.'''
|Tsering Tashi
|[[Tawang 2 Assembly Constituency|Tawang 2]]
|-
|'''3.'''
|[[Sinam Dususow Bomdila]]
|[[Bomdila Assembly constituency|Bomdila]]
|-
|'''4.'''
|[[Nyari Welly]]
|[[Seppa Assembly Constituency|Seppa]]
|-
|'''5.'''
|[[Boa Tame]]
|[[Raga Tali Assembly Constituency|Raga Tali]]
|-
|'''6.'''
|[[Tumpakete]]
|[[Along South Assembly Constituency|Along South]]
|-
|'''7.'''
|[[Tomo Riba]]
|[[Basar Assembly constituency|Basar]]
|-
|'''8.'''
|[[Talo Kadu]]
|[[Pasighat Assembly Constituency|Pasighat]]
|-
|'''9.'''
|[[Onyok Rome]]
|[[Mariyang Mebo Assembly Constituency|Mariyang Mebo]]
|-
|'''10.'''
|[[Aken Lego]]
|[[Roing Assembly constituency|Roing]]
|-
|'''11.'''
|[[Chau Khouk Manpoong]]
|[[Namsai Chowkham Assembly Constituency|Namsai Chowkham]]
|-
|'''12.'''
|[[James Lowangcha Wanglat]]
|[[Khonsa North Assembly Constituency|Khonsa North]]
|-
|'''13.'''
|[[Wangnam Wangshu]]
|[[Niausa Kanubari Assembly Constituency|Niausa Kanubari]]
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |Members of Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
|-
!Year
!Sr.
no.
!Name
!Constituency
|-
! rowspan="4" |[[File:India Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly 1984.svg|thumb]][[1984 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]
|'''1.'''
|[[Japu Deru]]
|[[Bomdila Assembly constituency|Bomdila]]
|-
|2.
|[[Doi Ado]]
|[[Along South Assembly Constituency|Along South]]
|-
|3.
|[[Tapum Jamoh]]
|[[Pasighat Assembly Constituency|Pasighat]]
|-
|'''5.'''
|[[Bakin Pertin]]
|[[Mariyang Mebo Assembly Constituency|Mariyang Mebo]]
|}
== MLAs elected after PPA's revival ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |Members of Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
|-
!Year
!Sr.
no.
!Name
!Constituency
|-
! rowspan="4" |[[File:India_Arunachal_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly_2009.svg|thumb]][[2009 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]
|'''1.'''
|[[Phurpa Tsering]]
|[[Dirang Assembly constituency|Dirang]]
|-
|'''2.'''
|[[Kumsi Sidisow]]
|[[Thrizino-Buragaon Assembly constituency|Thrizino-Buragaon]]
|-
|'''3.'''
|[[Takam Pario]]
|[[Palin Assembly constituency|Palin]]
|-
|'''4.'''
|[[Markio Tado]]
|[[Tali Assembly constituency|Tali]]
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |Members of Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
|-
!Year
!Sr.
no.
!Name
!Constituency
|-
! rowspan="5" |[[File:India Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly 2014.svg|thumb]][[2014 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]
|'''1.'''
|[[Pani Taram]]
|[[Koloriang Assembly constituency|Koloriang]]
|-
|'''2.'''
|[[Pasang Dorjee Sona]]
|[[Mechuka Assembly constituency|Mechuka]]
|-
|'''3.'''
|[[Nikh Kamin]]
|[[Bordumsa-Diyun Assembly constituency|Bordumsa-Diyun]]
|-
|'''4.'''
|[[Wanglam Sawin]]
|[[Khonsa East Assembly constituency|Khonsa East]]
|-
|'''5.'''
|[[Tirong Aboh]]
|[[Khonsa West Assembly constituency|Khonsa West]]
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |Members of Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
|-
!Year
!Sr.
no.
!Name
!Constituency
|-
![[File:Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election 2019.png|thumb]][[2019 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]
|'''1.'''
|[[Kardo Nyigyor]]
|[[Likabali Assembly constituency|Likabali]]
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="4" |Members of Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
|-
!Year
!Sr.
no.
!Name
!Constituency
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[File:2024 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election result.svg|thumb]][[2024 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]
|'''1.'''
|[[Nabam Vivek]]
|[[Doimukh Assembly constituency|Doimukh]]
|-
|'''2.'''
|[[Oken Tayeng]]
|[[Mebo Assembly constituency|Mebo]]
|}

==See also==
* [[List of political parties in India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/lok11/biodata/11ar02.htm Tomo Riba Bakin Pertin]
* [https://www.bhaskar.com/news/UT-DEL-HMU-NEW-45-congress-mlas-with-cm-pema-khandu-join-peoples-party-of-arunachal-news-hindi-54190.html "45 Congress MLA With CM Pema Khandu Join Peoples Party Of Arunachal"]

{{Indian political parties}}
{{National Democratic Alliance |state=collapsed}}
{{North-East Democratic Alliance}}

[[Category:People's Party of Arunachal| ]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1977]]
[[Category:1977 establishments in Arunachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Recognised state political parties in India]]
[[Category:Regionalist parties in India]]
[[Category:Political parties in Arunachal Pradesh]][[Category:Member parties of the National Democratic Alliance]]

Sujata Kar

2026-02-08T00:39:57Z

Silentbram: Page updated with additional details

{{Short description|Indian football coach and former footballer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Sujata Kar
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| fullname =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1980|5|13|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| height =
| position = [[Forward (association football)|Forward]]
| currentclub = [[Southern Samity]] (head coach)
| clubnumber =
| youthyears1 =
| youthclubs1 =
| years1 = 2000–2001
| clubs1 = [[East Bengal FC (women)|East Bengal]]
| caps1 =
| goals1 =
| nationalyears1 = 1998–2007
| nationalteam1 = [[India women's national football team|India]]
| nationalcaps1 =
| nationalgoals1 = 12
| manageryears1 = 2017
| managerclubs1 = Taltala Dipti Sangha
| manageryears2 = 2021
| managerclubs2 = [[Southern Samity]] (assistant)
| manageryears3 = 2021–2022
| managerclubs3 = [[ARA FC|ARA]] (assistant)
| manageryears4 = 2022
| managerclubs4 = [[ARA FC|ARA]] (interim)
| manageryears5 = 2022–2023
| managerclubs5 = [[East Bengal FC (women)|East Bengal]]
| manageryears6 = 2022–2025
| managerclubs6 = [[West Bengal women's football team|West Bengal (state)]]
| manageryears7 = 2023–2025
| managerclubs7 = [[Sribhumi FC|Sribhumi]]
| manageryears8 = 2025–
| managerclubs8 = [[Southern Samity]]
}}

'''Sujata Kar''' (born 13 May 1980)<ref>{{cite web |title=Sujata Kar |url=https://www.arquivodosmundiais.com.br/player.php?lg=en&cod=63434 |website=Arquivo dos Mundiais |access-date=12 January 2024 }}</ref> is an Indian [[head coach]] and former professional women's [[footballer]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dey |first=Aneesh |date=2023-03-08 |title=After historic Kanyashree Cup win with East Bengal, Sujata Kar hopes to uplift Bengal footballers in IWL |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/east-bengal-indian-football-sujata-kar-kanyashree-cup-iwl/article66594403.ece |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=Sportstar |language=en}}</ref> She served as the head coach of the [[East Bengal FC (women)|East Bengal]] side in their maiden appearance in the [[Indian Women's League]] season. She also represented and served as the captain of the [[India women's national football team]] in 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title=India to face Korea on Sunday |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/india-to-face-korea-on-sunday/articleshow/1675594.cms |website=The Times of India |date=24 February 2007 |access-date=30 August 2022 |archive-date=30 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220830014454/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/india-to-face-korea-on-sunday/articleshow/1675594.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Early life==
Kar grew up in the Jadavpur area of [[Kolkata]].<ref name="scroll"/>

==Career==
In February 2000, she signed a contract with the [[2. Frauen-Bundesliga|German Bundesliga]] second division by [[TSV Crailsheim]].<ref name="scroll">{{Cite web |last=Kulkarni |first=Abhijeet |date=2020-04-27 |title=An Indian footballer in Europe: Before Bala Devi, there was Sujata Kar and a huge lost opportunity |url=https://scroll.in/field/959905/an-indian-footballer-in-europe-before-bala-devi-there-was-sujata-kar-and-a-huge-lost-opportunity |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US}}</ref> She trained for two months in [[Germany]] along with Alpana Seal, but lack of proper documentation denied her a chance to play in the foreign league.

In 2001, she captained the East Bengal club team, which won the Kolkata Women's Football League.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-24 |title=Some want to win title, we want to give game time to local players: East Bengal coach Sujata Kar on IWL |url=https://thebridge.in/iwl/some-want-to-win-title-we-want-to-give-game-time-to-local-players-east-bengal-coach-sujata-kar-on-iwl-41320 |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=thebridge.in |language=en}}</ref>

As a coach, she guided Sribhumi to their Indian Women's League 2 title in 2024.

==Honours==

===Player===
'''East Bengal'''
* [[Kanyashree Cup|Calcutta Women's Football League]]: [[2001 Calcutta Women's Football League|2001]]<ref>{{cite web|date=16 March 2001|url=http://indianfootball.de/news/m200103.html|title=News for the month of March, 2001|work=indianfootball.de|accessdate=11 March 2023|archive-date=25 February 2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020225054258/http://indianfootball.de/news/m200103.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Manager===
'''Taltala Dipti Sangha'''
* [[Kanyashree Cup|Calcutta Women's Football League]]: 2017<ref name="scroll"/>

'''East Bengal'''
* [[Kanyashree Cup|Calcutta Women's Football League]]: [[2022–23 Calcutta Women's Football League|2022–23]]<ref>{{cite web|date=28 January 2023|url=https://thebridge.in/football/east-bengal-wins-kanyashree-cup-iwl-berth-39147|title=East Bengal wins Kanyashree Cup; books IWL berth|work=The Bridge|accessdate=28 January 2023|archive-date=28 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128131453/https://thebridge.in/football/east-bengal-wins-kanyashree-cup-iwl-berth-39147|url-status=live}}</ref>

'''Sribhumi'''
* [[Indian Women's League 2]]: [[2023–24 Indian Women's League 2|2023–24]]<ref>{{cite web |date=18 June 2024 |title=16 tournaments, 11,000 players: A hectic 2023–24 domestic season with class and character |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/16-tournaments-11000-players-a-hectic-2023-24-domestic-season-with-class-and-character |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618135956/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/16-tournaments-11000-players-a-hectic-2023-24-domestic-season-with-class-and-character |archive-date=18 June 2024 |access-date=18 June 2024 |website=the-aiff.com |publisher=[[All India Football Federation]] |location=New Delhi}}</ref>
* [[Kanyashree Cup|Calcutta Women's Football League]]: [[2023–24 Calcutta Women's Football League|2023–24]]

== Awards ==
2024: Best women's coach of the year awarded by AIFF.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-02 |title=Mohun Bagan Star Subhasish Bose Named India's Best Footballer — Full AIFF Awards List Inside! |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/aiff-2024-25-awards-subhasish-bose-soumya-guguloth-best-indian-footballers/article69530728.ece |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=Sportstar |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.the-aiff.com/coaches/profile/2017JAN181 Sujata Kar] at AIFF

{{India squad 2003 AFC Women's Championship}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kar, Sujata}}
[[Category:1980 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian women's footballers]]
[[Category:India women's international footballers]]
[[Category:Footballers from Kolkata]]
[[Category:East Bengal FC Women players]]
[[Category:Indian women's football managers]]
[[Category:Indian football coaches]]
[[Category:Footballers at the 1998 Asian Games]]
[[Category:Asian Games footballers for India]]
[[Category:Women's association football forwards]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportswomen]]
[[Category:2003 AFC Women's Championship players]]

2011 in India

2026-02-04T20:42:29Z

Silentbram: enhance formatting for clarity and improved wording

{{short description|none}} 
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{use Indian English|date=February 2014}}
{{Year in India|2011}}
Events in the year '''2011 in the Republic of India'''.

==Incumbents==
{| class=wikitable
! Photo
! Post
! Name
|-
| [[File:PratibhaIndia.jpg|50px]]
| {{flagicon|IND}} '''[[President of India|President]]'''
| [[Pratibha Patil]]
|-
| [[File:Hamid ansari.jpg|50px]]
| {{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Vice President of India|Vice President]]'''
| [[Mohammad Hamid Ansari]]
|-
| [[File:Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in WEF ,2009.jpg|50px]]
| {{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]'''
| [[Manmohan Singh]]
|-
| [[File:no image.svg|50px]]
| {{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Chief Justice of India|Chief Justice]]'''
| [[S. H. Kapadia]]
|}

===Governors===
{| class=wikitable
! Post
! Name
|-
| '''[[Governor of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh]]'''
| [[E. S. L. Narasimhan]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Arunachal Pradesh|Arunachal Pradesh]]'''
| [[Joginder Jaswant Singh]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Assam|Assam]]'''
| [[Janaki Ballabh Patnaik]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Bihar|Bihar]]'''
| [[Devanand Konwar]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Chhattisgarh|Chhattisgarh]]'''
| [[Shekhar Dutt]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Goa|Goa]]'''
| [[Shivinder Singh Sidhu]] (until 27 August) [[Kateekal Sankaranarayanan]] (starting 27 August)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Gujarat|Gujarat]]'''
| [[Kamala Beniwal]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Haryana|Haryana]]'''
| [[Jagannath Pahadia]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Himachal Pradesh|Himachal Pradesh]]'''
| [[Urmila Singh]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu and Kashmir]]'''
| [[Narinder Nath Vohra]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Jharkhand|Jharkhand]]'''
| [[M. O. H. Farook]] (until 3 September) [[Syed Ahmed (politician)|Syed Ahmed]] (starting 3 September)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Karnataka|Karnataka]]'''
| [[Hansraj Bhardwaj]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Kerala|Kerala]]'''
| [[R. S. Gavai]] (until 7 September) [[M. O. H. Farook]] (starting 7 September)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Madhya Pradesh|Madhya Pradesh]]'''
| [[Rameshwar Thakur]] (until 7 September) [[Ram Naresh Yadav]] (starting 7 September)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Maharashtra|Maharashtra]]'''
| [[Kateekal Sankaranarayanan]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Manipur|Manipur]]'''
| [[Gurbachan Jagat]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Meghalaya|Meghalaya]]'''
| [[Ranjit Shekhar Mooshahary]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Mizoram|Mizoram]]'''
| [[M. M. Lakhera]] (until 2 September) [[Vakkom Purushothaman]] (starting 2 September)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Nagaland|Nagaland]]'''
| [[Nikhil Kumar (governor)|Nikhil Kumar]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Odisha|Odisha]]'''
| [[Murlidhar Chandrakant Bhandare]]
|-
| '''[[List of governors of Punjab, India|Punjab]]'''
| [[Shivraj Vishwanath Patil]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Rajasthan|Rajasthan]]'''
| [[Shivraj Patil]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Sikkim|Sikkim]]'''
| [[Balmiki Prasad Singh]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu]]'''
| [[Surjit Singh Barnala]] (until 30 August) [[Konijeti Rosaiah]] (starting 30 August)
|-
| '''[[Governor of Tripura|Tripura]]'''
| [[D. Y. Patil|Dnyandeo Yashwantrao Patil]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of Uttar Pradesh|Uttar Pradesh]]'''
| [[Banwari Lal Joshi]]
|-
| '''[[List of governors of Uttarakhand|Uttarakhand]]'''
| [[Margaret Alva]]
|-
| '''[[Governor of West Bengal|West Bengal]]'''
| [[M.K. Narayanan]]
|-
|}

==Events==
* National income - {{INR}}87,363,287 million

=== January - June ===
* 1 January -
** [[Arabinda Rajkhowa]], chairman of [[ULFA]], was released on bail from the [[Guwahati]] central prison.<ref>{{cite news |date=2 January 2011 |title=Front Page : ULFA chairman freed on bail |url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/02/stories/2011010250590100.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110105122118/http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/02/stories/2011010250590100.htm |archive-date=5 January 2011 |access-date=6 December 2011 |work=[[The Hindu]] |location=Chennai, India}}</ref>
** India and Pakistan exchange the annual lists of their [[nuclear power|nuclear]] installations and facilities under the Agreement on the Prohibition of Attack against Nuclear Installations, which was signed on 31 December 1988.<ref>{{cite web |title=India, Pakistan exchange list of nuke facilities |url=http://www.sify.com/news/india-pakistan-exchange-list-of-nuke-facilities-news-national-lbbq4hahgcf.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110106020746/http://www.sify.com/news/india-pakistan-exchange-list-of-nuke-facilities-news-national-lbbq4hahgcf.html |archive-date=6 January 2011 |access-date=6 December 2011 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>
** [[Nagesh Pydah]] assumed charge as Chairman and Managing Director of the [[Oriental Bank of Commerce]].<ref>{{cite web |date=1 January 2011 |title=Nagesh Pydah assumes charge of OBC chief |url=http://news.webindia123.com/news/Articles/India/20110101/1659246.html |access-date=6 December 2011 |publisher=News.webindia123.com}}</ref>
* 6 January - Union Home Ministry publishes [[Srikrishna committee on Telangana]] online.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The options listed by Srikrishna Committee report |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/the-options-listed-by-srikrishna-committee-report-444177 |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref>
* 14 January- 102 pilgrims dies due to [[2011 Sabarimala crowd crush|stampede in Sabarimala]] ([[Kerala]]).<ref>{{cite web |date=15 January 2011 |title=Sabarimala stampede: 102 pilgrims killed, 50 injured |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/sabarimala-stampede-102-pilgrims-killed-50-injured-79433 |access-date=16 February 2012 |publisher=Ndtv.com}}</ref>
* 20 January - [[Prime Minister of India]], [[Manmohan Singh|Dr. Manmohan Singh]] launches [[Mobile number portability]] in India.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PM Launches Countrywide Mobile Number Portability |url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=69237 |access-date=2024-05-22 |website=pib.gov.in}}</ref>
* 21 January - [[List of governors of Karnataka|Karnataka Governor]] sanctions prosecution of CM [[B. S. Yeddyurappa|B.S.Yeddyurappa]].<ref>{{cite web |date=21 January 2011 |title=Karnataka Governor Bhardwaj sanctions prosecution of Chief Minister Yeddyurappa |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/karnataka-governor-bhardwaj-sanctions-prosecution-of-chief-minister-yeddyurappa-80842 |access-date=16 February 2012 |publisher=Ndtv.com}}</ref>
* following submission of its report.<ref>{{cite news|author=|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article1023403.ece |title=News / National : Srikrishna Committee on Telangana wound up |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=2 January 2011 |access-date=6 December 2011 |location=Chennai, India}}</ref>
* 25 January - [[Yashwant Sonawane]], Additional District Collector of [[Malegaon]] burnt alive by oil mafia at Manmad near [[Nashik]] ([[Maharashtra]]).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-01-26/mumbai/28371710_1_popat-shinde-yashwant-sonawane-fuel-mafia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105104124/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-01-26/mumbai/28371710_1_popat-shinde-yashwant-sonawane-fuel-mafia |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 November 2013 |title=Oil mafia burns alive additional collector |date=26 January 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[Suresh Kalmadi]] sacked as Chairman of [[Commonwealth Games]] Organizing Committee.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-01-24/news/28426039_1_kalmadi-and-bhanot-unhindered-investigations-oc-s-executive-board |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111103234804/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-01-24/news/28426039_1_kalmadi-and-bhanot-unhindered-investigations-oc-s-executive-board |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 November 2011 |title=Suresh Kalmadi, Lalit Bhanot sacked from Commonwealth Games Organising Committee – Economic Times |publisher=Articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com |date=24 January 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* Former Telecom Minister [[A. Raja|A.Raja]] sent to [[Tihar Jail]] in [[2G spectrum case]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/2g-former-telecom-minister-a-raja-sent-to-t/751305/ |title=2G: Former telecom minister A Raja sent to Tihar jail |work=Indian Express|date=17 February 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[Bombay High Court]] upholds death penalty for [[Ajmal Kasab]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/Mumbai/HC-upholds-death-for-Kasab/Article1-664993.aspx |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125183310/http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/Mumbai/HC-upholds-death-for-Kasab/Article1-664993.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 January 2013 |title=HC upholds death for Kasab |work=Hindustan Times|date=21 February 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012 }}</ref>
* [[Ahmedabad]] court convicts 31, acquits 63 in [[Godhra train burning]] case.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Godhra-verdict-31-convicted-in-Sabarmati-Express-burning-case/articleshow/7543495.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104092429/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-22/india/28624491_1_maulvi-umarji-godhra-train-maulana-umarji |url-status=live |archive-date=4 January 2012 |title=Godhra verdict: 31 convicted in Sabarmati Express burning case |date= 22 February 2011|work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[2011 National Games of India|34th National Games]] Held in [[Ranchi]], [[Jharkhand]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://34thnationalgames.com/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=9 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101133330/http://34thnationalgames.com/ |archive-date=1 January 2012 }}</ref>
* 22 February - Kidnapped [[Malkangiri]] Collector released by Maoists.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-22/india/28624719_1_malkangiri-district-collector-g-hargopal-u-n-behera |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120709204813/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-22/india/28624719_1_malkangiri-district-collector-g-hargopal-u-n-behera |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 July 2012 |title=Maoists release Orissa collector and junior engineer |date=22 February 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* 3 March - [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] strikes down [[Central Vigilance Commission|CVC]] [[P. J. Thomas (Indian administrative officer)|PJ Thomas]]' appointment.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/sc-strikes-down-cvc-pj-thomas-appointment/144893-3.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110304180545/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/sc-strikes-down-cvc-pj-thomas-appointment/144893-3.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 March 2011 |title=SC strikes down CVC PJ Thomas' appointment – India News – IBNLive |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[File:The Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh and the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Mr. Yousuf Raza Gilani watching the Indo-Pak World Cup semi-final, at the Punjab Cricket Association stadium, in Mohali on March 30, 2011.jpg|thumb|The [[Prime Minister of India]], [[Manmohan Singh|Dr. Manmohan Singh]] and the [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]], Mr. [[Yousaf Raza Gillani|Yousuf Raza Gilani]] watching the Indo-Pak World Cup semi-final, at the [[Punjab Cricket Association IS Bindra Stadium|Punjab Cricket Association stadium]], in Mohali on March 30, 2011.]]PM [[Manmohan Singh]] and PM [[Yousaf Raza Gillani|Gilani]] of Pakistan engage in cricket diplomacy on the occasion of India-Pakistan semi final match in [[2011 Cricket World Cup|Cricket World Cup 2011]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-31/india/29365677_1_singh-and-gilani-singh-gilani-mohali-spirit |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120701150552/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-31/india/29365677_1_singh-and-gilani-singh-gilani-mohali-spirit |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 July 2012 |title=Cricket diplomacy works, both on and off the field |date=31 March 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* Supreme Court dismisses [[Aruna Shanbaug case|Aruna Shanbaug's]] [[euthanasia]] plea.<ref>{{cite news|author=J. Venkatesan |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article1516644.ece |title=News / National : Supreme Court disallows friend's plea for mercy killing of vegetative Aruna |work=The Hindu|date=7 March 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012 |location=Chennai, India}}</ref>
* [[Hasan Ali Khan|Hasan Ali]] remanded to judicial custody.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-25/india/29187883_1_judicial-custody-tapuria-hasan-ali-khan |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707190151/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-25/india/29187883_1_judicial-custody-tapuria-hasan-ali-khan |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 July 2012 |title=Hasan Ali remanded to judicial custody, says he is being framed by Tapuria |date=25 March 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[Saina Nehwal]] clinches [[Swiss Open (badminton)|Swiss Open Grand Prix]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/saina-clinches-swiss-open-grand-prix/146579-5-23.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110323185236/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/saina-clinches-swiss-open-grand-prix/146579-5-23.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 March 2011 |title=Saina clinches Swiss Open Grand Prix – Sports – Other Sports – ibnlive |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[Directorate General of Civil Aviation (India)|DGCA]] revokes licenses of 14 fake pilots.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12857742 |title=BBC News – India revokes licences of 14 'fake pilots' |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=25 March 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
*[[2011 Census of India|Census 2011]] shows increase of 181 million in total population.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.outlookindia.com/items.aspx?artid=717069 |title=Census 2011: Population Increased by 181 Million |publisher=news.outlookindia.com |access-date=16 February 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120724021323/http://news.outlookindia.com/items.aspx?artid=717069 |archive-date=24 July 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* '''2 April – India beat Sri Lanka and wins the [[2011 Cricket World Cup]].'''
* 30 April - [[Dorjee Khandu]], Chief Minister of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] since 2007, dies in a helicopter crash.
* [[Anna Hazare]] undertakes fast for [[Jan Lokpal Bill]] at [[Jantar Mantar]], [[New Delhi]].
* Supreme Court grants bail to civil rights activist [[Binayak Sen]].<ref>{{cite news|author=J. Venkatesan |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article1698939.ece?homepage=true |title=News / National : Binayak Sen gets bail in Supreme Court |work=The Hindu|date=15 April 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012 |location=Chennai, India}}</ref>
* Visit of Prime Minister [[Abhisit Vejjajiva]] of [[Thailand]] to India.
* Five corporate honchos ([[Sanjay Chandra]] of [[Unitech Group|Unitech]]; Gautam Doshi, Surender Pipara and Hari Nair of [[Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group|Reliance ADAG]]; [[Vinod Goenka]] of [[Swan Telecom]]) arrested in [[2G spectrum case]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.outlookindia.com/items.aspx?artid=719454 |title=2G: Unitech, Swan and RCom Executives Sent to Jail |publisher=news.outlookindia.com |date=20 April 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120719120428/http://news.outlookindia.com/items.aspx?artid=719454 |archive-date=19 July 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 2011 I-League 2nd Division ends.
* '''[[Mamata Banerjee]] sworn in as the first woman and 11th [[Chief Minister]] of West Bengal.<ref>"Council of Ministers – Who's Who – Government: National Portal of India". {{cite web|url=http://india.gov.in |title = Home: National Portal of India |access-date=1 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831142827/http://india.gov.in/ |archive-date=31 August 2009 }}. Government of India. {{cite web|url=http://india.gov.in |title = Home: National Portal of India |access-date=1 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831142827/http://india.gov.in/ |archive-date=31 August 2009 }}/govt/cabinet.php. Retrieved 11 August 2010</ref>'''
* '''Prime Minister Manmohan Singh announces aid of {{INR}} 225 billion for African countries to develop infrastructure facilities on the eve of IInd [[India-Africa Forum Summit|Indo-Africa summit]].'''
* [[J.Jayalalithaa]], [[Oommen Chandy]], [[Tarun Gogoi]] and [[N. Rangaswamy]] takes over as Chief Ministers of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]], [[Assam]] and [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] respectively, as a result of assembly elections.
* Supreme Court quashes Karnataka Speaker's decision to disqualify 16 [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA's]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/sc-quashes-disqualification-of-16-karnataka-mlas/152217-37-64.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516155143/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/sc-quashes-disqualification-of-16-karnataka-mlas/152217-37-64.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 May 2011 |title=Disqualification of 16 Karnataka MLAs quashed – Politics – Politics News – ibnlive |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[German Chancellor]] [[Angela Merkel]] conferred [[Jawaharlal Nehru Award|Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding]] for 2009 by President [[Pratibha Patil]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/nation/article468312.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304125636/http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/article468312.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 March 2016 |title=Nehru Award for Angela Merkel|publisher=The New Indian Express |date=10 May 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* '''India ratifies [http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/human-trafficking/ UN protocol against human trafficking].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/india-ratifies-un-convention-against-transnational-crime/682178.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120709195945/http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/india-ratifies-un-convention-against-transnational-crime/682178.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 July 2012 |title=India ratifies UN convention against transnational crime, IBN Live News |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>'''
*[[Chennai Super Kings]] win the [[Indian Premier League|IPL]] for the second consecutive time.
* [[2010–11 I-League]]: [[Salgaocar F.C.|Salgaocar FC]] won the title by beating [[JCT FC 2-0]] in the final match of the season.
*30 May - [[West Bengal]] defeats [[Manipur]] to win [[2010–11 Santosh Trophy|Santosh Trophy]]
* Senior journalist and investigations editor with English newspaper '[[Mid-Day]]', [[Jyotirmoy Dey|J. Dey]], is shot dead in [[Mumbai]].<ref>Mumbai, 11 Jun:Senior journalist and Investigations Editor with English newspaper 'Mid-Day', J Dey, was shot dead allegedly by four unidentified assailants at Powai in north-west Mumbai http://www.newkerala.com/news/2011/worldnews-5487.htm</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Senior-journalist-who-covered-underworld-shot-dead-in-Mumbai/articleshow/8814402.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110916052524/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-11/mumbai/29646642_1_oil-mafia-underworld-mumbai-police |url-status=live |archive-date=16 September 2011 |title=Senior journalist who covered underworld shot dead in Mumbai |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=11 June 2011 |access-date=6 December 2011}}</ref>
* [[Election Commission of India]] launches the IIDEM (India International Institute of Democracy and Election Management).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/current/pn_iidem.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=11 January 2012 |archive-date=5 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405045030/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/current/pn_iidem.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== June - December ===
* New Zealand Prime Minister [[John Key]] visits India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianweekender.co.nz/Pages/ArticleDetails/7/2434/New-Zealand/Prime-Minister-John-Key-arrives-in-India |title=Prime Minister John Key arrives in India – www.indianweekender.co.nz |publisher=Indianweekender.co.nz |date=27 June 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* '''India gets first [[e-waste]] management rules.'''<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/india-gets-first-e-waste-management-rules/438474/ |title=India gets first e-waste management rules |newspaper=Business Standard India |publisher=Business-standard.com |date=9 June 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* '''India ranks 123rd on the [http://www.unep.org/geo/ global environment]''' [http://www.unep.org/geo/ index].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/India/India-improves-but-still-ranks-123-on-green-chart/Article1-705789.aspx |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125090720/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/India/India-improves-but-still-ranks-123-on-green-chart/Article1-705789.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 January 2013 |title=India improves, but still ranks 123 on green chart |work=Hindustan Times|date=4 June 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012 }}</ref>
* Supreme Court appoints committee to examine the secret chambers of [[Sri Padmanabhaswamy Temple]], Kerala.
* 26 killed in a [[2011 Mumbai bombings|series of bomb-blasts]] in [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/twin-blasts-in-mumbai-15-injured/167291-3.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714084847/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/twin-blasts-in-mumbai-15-injured/167291-3.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 July 2011 |title=3 bomb blasts in Mumbai; 17 dead, 131 injured – India News – IBNLive |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[Gorkhaland Territorial Administration]] (GTA) agreement signed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/pact-signed-for-gorkhaland-territorial-administration/article2246756.ece |title=Pact signed for Gorkhaland Territorial Administration |work=The Hindu|date=19 July 2012 |access-date=8 May 2014 }}</ref>
* India-[[Bangladesh]] ink border management deal.<ref>{{cite news |last=Habib |first=Haroon |author-link=Haroon Habib |date=30 July 2011 |title=Bangladesh, India ink border deal |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/bangladesh-india-ink-border-deal/article2308225.ece |newspaper=The Hindu |location=Chennai, India |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* '''18 July – India's 25th nuclear power plant being built at [[Rawatbhata]], [[Rajasthan]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Nabanita M |url=https://www.oneindia.com/2011/07/17/india-25th-nuclear-plant-construction-starts-soon-aid0156.html |title=India | Construction | 25th Nuclear Power Plant | Rawatbhata | Rajasthan | 700 MW Indigenous Pressurised Heavy Water Reactor |publisher=Oneindia |date=17 July 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>'''
* '''Newly formed [[National Green Tribunal Act|National Green Tribunal]] (NGT) conducts its first sitting.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2011/20110706/nation.htm |title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – Nation |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>'''
* [[Reserve Bank of India]] issues draft guidelines for new bank licences.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/bs_viewcontent.aspx?Id=2414 |title=Reserve Bank of India |publisher=Rbi.org.in |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* Nation celebrates [[Indian Independence Day|Independence Day]] on 15 August.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/specialcoverage/4885772.cms |title=Independence Day – News Stories, Latest News Headlines on Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] passes sense of the house resolution on [[Jan Lokpal Bill|Lokpal bill]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Anna-Hazare-wins-Parliament-passes-resolution-on-Lokpal-Bill/articleshow/9760064.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911145057/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-08-27/india/29935152_1_lokpal-bill-team-anna-lokpal-and-lokayuktas |url-status=live |archive-date=11 September 2011 |title=Anna Hazare wins, Parliament passes resolution on Lokpal Bill |date=27 August 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* Sustainable Competitiveness Report 2011 presented, Delhi is first.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businesswireindia.com/PressRelease.asp?b2mid=27858 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120723213537/http://www.businesswireindia.com/PressRelease.asp?b2mid=27858 |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 July 2012 |title=Institute For Competitiveness (IFC), Sustainable Competitiveness Report 2011 |publisher=Businesswireindia.com |date=11 August 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012 }}</ref>
* [[2011 Sikkim earthquake|6.8 earthquake]] in [[Sikkim]], tremors across India on 18 September.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/big-earthquake-in-sikkim-tremors-across-india-18-dead-over-100-injured-134537 |title=Big earthquake in Sikkim, tremors across India; 54 dead, over 100 injured |publisher=Ndtv.com |date=18 September 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
*[[Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013|Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill, 2011]] presented in lok sabha.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/the-land-acquisition-rehabilitation-and-resettlement-bill-2011-1978/ |title=PRS | Bill Track | The Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill, 2011 |publisher=Prsindia.org |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* PM [[Manmohan Singh]] visits [[Dhaka]] on a landmark visit.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/neighbours/story/manmohan-dhaka-visit-border-agreements-no-teesta-deal-140502-2011-09-05 |title=Manmohan Singh's Dhaka visit: Landmark border agreements but no Teesta deal : Neighbours News – India Today |publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in |date=6 September 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[2011 Durand Cup]]
* [[2011 Indian Federation Cup]]
* 1 September - [[Bhanwari Devi murder case]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Sunil Gurjar: Bhanwari Devi murder case |url=https://www.oneindia.com/2011/11/14/cbi-on-lookout-for-bhanwari-devi-cd-distributor.html |work=[[Oneindia]] |date=14 November 2011 |access-date=5 December 2018}}</ref>
*[[2011 Formula One World Championship|F1 2011]] Race comes to India at the [[Buddh International Circuit]], [[Noida]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-10-18/racing/30296419_1_india-s-f1-narain-karthikeyan-laps |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707171457/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-10-18/racing/30296419_1_india-s-f1-narain-karthikeyan-laps |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 July 2012 |title=Buddh International Circuit inaugurated for India's F1 date |date=18 October 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[7 billionth baby]] born on 31 October 2011, Nargis in [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/worlds-seven-billionth-baby-born-in-up/197801-3.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102074737/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/worlds-seven-billionth-baby-born-in-up/197801-3.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 November 2011 |title=Nargis, born in UP, is world's 7 billionth baby – India News – IBNLive |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* Saving Bank Interest rate decontrolled by [[Reserve Bank of India|RBI]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/All-you-want-to-know-about-SB-rate-decontrol/articleshow/10493401.cms |title=All you want to know about SB rate decontrol – The Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=26 October 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* National Manufacturing Policy cleared by Cabinet.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-10-26/news/30324178_1_investment-and-manufacturing-zones-national-manufacturing-policy-interest-subsidy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305014705/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-10-26/news/30324178_1_investment-and-manufacturing-zones-national-manufacturing-policy-interest-subsidy |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 March 2016 |title=National Manufacturing Policy, faster net link for villages cleared by Cabinet – Economic Times |publisher=Articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com |date=26 October 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* '''[[Planning Commission of India|Planning Commission]] releases the second India Human Development Report (HDR) 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/poverty-malnutrition-india-hunger-index-143926-2011-10-21 |title=Calorie intake of the rural poor has drastically fallen, says Planning Commission report : North News – India Today |publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in |date=22 October 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>'''
* President of Afghanistan, [[Hamid Karzai]], visits India.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-15161776 |title=BBC News – Afghanistan and India sign 'strategic partnership' |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=4 October 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[Chhattisgarh]] police superintendent [[Ankit Garg]] is accused of the torture of schoolteacher and alleged [[Naxalite]] [[Soni Sori]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/article2971330.ece |title=Soni Sori case: HRW wants PM to order impartial probe on torture |author=J Balaji |date=8 March 2012 |work=The Hindu |access-date=19 April 2012}}</ref>
* Maoist leader [[Kishenji]] killed in encounter in [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/maoist-leader-kishenji-killed-by-security-forces-152789 |title=Maoist leader Kishenji killed by security forces |publisher=Ndtv.com |date=24 November 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* Companies Bill and Pension Bill cleared by Cabinet.<ref>{{cite web|author=Shishir Sinha |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/economy/article2632683.ece |title=Business Line : Industry & Economy / Economy : Pension Bill cleared, but without FDI clause |publisher=Thehindubusinessline.com |date=24 March 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* Indian representative elected to head the [[Joint Inspection Unit]], the [[United Nations|UN's]] only external oversight body.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiastrategic.in/topstories1266_India_beats_china.htm |title= India Strategic ::. Foreign Affairs: India beats China in UN election |publisher=Indiastrategic.in |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* '''India ranks 134th on UN [[Human Development Index]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/India/India-ranks-134-in-human-development-index/Article1-764014.aspx |title=India ranks 134 in human development index |work=Hindustan Times|date=2 November 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108005448/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/India/India-ranks-134-in-human-development-index/Article1-764014.aspx |archive-date=8 January 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>'''
* '''Longest rail (4286 km) of India, [[Vivek Express]], is flagged off.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/article2662138.ece |title=Cities / Thiruvananthapuram : Regular service of Vivek Express from today |work=The Hindu|date=26 November 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012 |location=Chennai, India}}</ref>'''
* [[Sonia Gandhi]] (11th) and [[Manmohan Singh]] (19th) figures among the top 20 most powerful people on earth in the Forbes list.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/powerful-people/list/ |title=The World's Most Powerful People List |work=Forbes |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* More than 50 killed in fire accident at [[AMRI Hospitals|AMRI hospital]], [[Kolkata]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/kolkata-89-killed-in-amri-hospital-fire-six-board-members-arrested-156619 |title=Kolkata: 89 killed in AMRI hospital fire; six board members arrested |publisher=Ndtv.com |date=9 December 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* 14 December - More than 150 dies due to [[2011 West Bengal alcohol poisonings|West Bengal hooch tragedy]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/bengal-hooch-tragedy-toll-rises-to-150-hunt-on-for-alleged-kingpin-158307 |title=Bengal hooch tragedy: Toll rises to 150; hunt on for alleged kingpin |publisher=Ndtv.com |date=16 December 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-02 |title=2011 Bengal hooch tragedy: Main accused gets life sentence till death |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/kolkata-news/2011-bengal-hooch-tragedy-main-accused-gets-life-sentence-till-death-101627906226744.html |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
* Court directs 21 social networking websites to take off offensive content.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-22/social-media/30546620_1_social-networking-sites-objectionable-content-websites |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322050235/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-22/social-media/30546620_1_social-networking-sites-objectionable-content-websites |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 March 2012 |title=Take off offensive content, court tells social websites |date= 22 December 2011|work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[Lok Sabha]] passes Lokpal Bill, Hazare cancels fast due to lukewarm response at Mumbai.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-28/india/30564670_1_anna-hazare-bhushan-and-prashant-bhushan-prominent-team-anna-member |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120701150118/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-28/india/30564670_1_anna-hazare-bhushan-and-prashant-bhushan-prominent-team-anna-member |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 July 2012 |title=Delhi, Mumbai crowds disappoint Anna, but Team puts up brave face |date=28 December 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-27/india/30560971_1_lokpal-bill-appointment-of-cbi-director-public-domain |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613101637/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-27/india/30560971_1_lokpal-bill-appointment-of-cbi-director-public-domain |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 June 2012 |title=Lok Sabha passes Lokpal Bill with amendments; Left, BSP & SP walk out |date= 27 December 2011|work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* 30 December - [[Cyclone Thane]] makes landfall andclaims 33 lives in [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Tamil Nadu Bureau |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/article2762268.ece |title=Today's Paper News : 'Thane' claims 33 lives in Tamil Nadu, Puducherry |work=The Hindu|date=31 December 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012 |location=Chennai, India}}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* [[M. Dutta Ray Trophy]] is abolished.

==Sports==

{{Main|2011 in Indian sports}}

===Athletics===
* 3 January – National School Athletics Meet begin at [[Pune]]

===[[Cricket]]===

====Domestic season====
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Ranji Trophy 2010–11]]
* [[Duleep Trophy|Duleep Trophy 2010–11]]
* [[Deodhar Trophy|Deodhar Trophy 2010–11]]
* [[Vijay Hazare Trophy|Vijay Hazare Trophy 2010–11]]
* [[2011 Indian Premier League]]
* [[Irani Trophy|2011 Irani Trophy]]
* [[Inter-State T20 Championship|2011 Inter-State T20 Championship]]
* [[BCCI Corporate Trophy|2011 BCCI Corporate Trophy]]
* [[Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy|2011 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy]]
* [[Ranji Trophy 2011–12]]
* [[Duleep Trophy|Duleep Trophy 2011–12]]
* [[Deodhar Trophy|Deodhar Trophy 2011–12]]
* [[Vijay Hazare Trophy|Vijay Hazare Trophy 2011–12]]
{{div col end}}

====International====
[[Test cricket|Test matches]]
* India – South Africa 3 Test Series, December 2010 – January 2011 (Result Drawn 1-1).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/series/463137.html |title=Results | Global |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* India – West Indies 3 Test Series, June – July 2011 (Result India 1-0).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/series/489202.html |title=Results | Global |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* India – England 4 Test Series, July – August 2011 (Result England 4-0).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/england-v-india-2011/engine/series/474450.html |title=Results | England v India 2011 |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* West Indies – India 3 Test Series, November 2011 (Result India 2-0).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/series/535996.html |title=Results | Global |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* India – Australia 4 Test Series, December 2011 – January 2012 (Result Australia 4-0).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/series/518945.html |title=Results | Global |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>

[[One-day cricket|One Day matches]]
* India – South Africa 5 match Series, January 2011 (Result South Africa 3-2).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/series/463139.html |title=Results | Global |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* [[File:Manmohan Singh and the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Mr. Yousuf Raza Gilani interacting with the Indian Cricket Team at the Indo-Pak World Cup semi-final, at the Punjab Cricket Association stadium, in Mohali on March 30, 2011 (1).jpg|thumb|222x222px|Indian [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Manmohan Singh|Dr. Manmohan Singh]] and the [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]], Mr. [[Yousaf Raza Gillani|Yousuf Raza Gilani]] interacting with the [[India national cricket team|Indian Cricket Team]] before the World Cup semi-final match, at the Punjab Cricket Association stadium, in Mohali on March 30, 2011.]]India wins [[ICC Cricket World Cup|ICC world cup]] 2011 defeating Sri Lanka in finals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc_cricket_worldcup2011/engine/match/433606.html |title=Final: India v Sri Lanka at Mumbai, Apr 2, 2011 | Cricket Scorecard |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* India – West Indies 5 match Series, June 2011 (Result India 3-2).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/series/489200.html |title=Results | Global |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* India – England 5 match Series, September 2011 (Result England 3-0).
* England – India 5 match Series, October 2011 (Result India 5-0).<ref>{{cite news|last=Rej |first=Arindam |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/15445284 |title=BBC Sport – England suffer 5-0 series defeat in India after collapse in Kolkata |work=BBC News |date=25 October 2011 |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* West Indies – India 5 match Series, November – December 2011 (Result India 4-1).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/series/536926.html |title=Results | Global |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>

[[Twenty20|T-20 matches]]
* West Indies v India at Port of Spain – 4 June 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/west-indies-v-india-2011/engine/match/489220.html |title=Only T20I: West Indies v India at Port of Spain, Jun 4, 2011 | Cricket Scorecard |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* England v India at Manchester – 31 August 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/england-v-india-2011/engine/match/474476.html |title=Only T20I: England v India at Manchester, Aug 31, 2011 | Cricket Scorecard |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>
* India v England at Kolkata – 29 October 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/india-v-england-2011/engine/match/521217.html |title=Only T20I: India v England at Kolkata, Oct 29, 2011 | Cricket Scorecard |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>

===Football===

====Senior====
* [[2010–11 I-League]]
* [[2011–12 I-League]]
* [[2011 IFA Shield|2011 Indian Shield]]
* 2011 Indian Federation Cup
* 2011 Durand Cup
* 2011 Santosh Trophy
* [[2011 I-League 2nd Division]]

====Youth====
* [[BC Roy Trophy|2011 BC Roy Trophy]]
* 2011 Dutta Ray Trophy
* 2010–11 Mir Iqbal Hussain Trophy
* 2010–12 Mir Iqbal Hussain Trophy
* [[Subroto Cup Football Tournament]]

==Deaths==

===January – April===
* 2 January – [[Bali Ram Bhagat]], 88, politician, member of the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC), and former [[Lok Sabha]] speaker<ref>{{cite news|title=Former Lok Sabha Speaker Bali Ram Bhagat dies|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-01-02/news/28433790_1_apollo-hospital-patna-college-demise|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106000959/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-01-02/news/28433790_1_apollo-hospital-patna-college-demise|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 January 2012|access-date=6 December 2011|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=2 January 2011}}</ref> (born 1922)
* 10 January – [[Vivek Shauq]], 47, actor, comedian, writer, and singer<ref name="Actor_dies_of_heart_attack">[https://web.archive.org/web/20121104101451/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-01-11/mumbai/28377145_1_heart-attack-vivek-shauq-punjabi-films Actor dies of heart attack] [[The Times of India]]</ref> (born 1963)
* 17 January – [[Gita Dey]], 79, Bengali actress (born 1931)
* 21 January – [[E. V. V. Satyanarayana]], 54, film director, screenwriter and producer (born 1956)
* 24 January – [[Bhimsen Joshi]], 88, [[Hindustani Classical]] vocalist (born 1922)<ref>{{cite news |last=Fox |first=Margalit |date=5 February 2011 |title=Pandit Bhimsen Joshi Dies at 88; Indian Classical Singer |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/06/arts/music/06joshi.html |work=The New York Times}}</ref>
* 28 January – [[Sushil Kumar Dhara]], 99, revolutionary in British India and a political leader after Indian Independence in 1947 (born 1911)
* 3 February – [[Machan Varghese]], 50, Malayalam film actor and mimicry artist (born 1960)
* 12 February – [[Vipindas]], 72, cinematographer and director (born 1938)
* 19 February – [[Suresh Babu (long jumper)|Suresh Babu]], 58, long jumper (born 1953)
* 20 February – [[Malaysia Vasudevan]], 66, actor and playback singer (born 1944)
* 21 February
**[[Aranmula Ponnamma]], 96, Malayalam film actress (born 1914)
**[[Premananda]], 59, religious guru and monk who founded the Premananda ashram (born 1951)
* 23 February
**[[Mullapudi Venkata Ramana]], 79, Telugu screenwriter and film producer (born 1931)
**[[Nirmala Srivastava]], 87, founder and guru of [[Sahaja Yoga]] (born 1923)
* 24 February – [[Anant Pai]] (Uncle Pai), 81, educationalist and comics writer (born 1929)
* 1 March – [[Fateh Singh Rathore]], 72, wildlife conservationist (born 1938)
* 3 March
**[[Goga Kapoor]], 70, film actor (born 1940)
**[[Venkatraman Radhakrishnan]], 81, space scientist and member of the [[Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences]] (born 1929)
* 4 March – [[Arjun Singh (politician, born 1930)|Arjun Singh]], 80, politician (born 1930)
* 10 March – [[Baliram Kashyap]], 74, politician (born 1936)
* 12 March – [[Indrajitsinhji|Kumar Indrajitsinhji]], 73, cricketer (born 1937)
* 19 March – [[Navin Nischol]], 65, actor (born 1946)
* 20 March – [[Bob Christo]], Indian actor of Australian origin (born 1938)
* 1 April – [[Varkey Vithayathil]], 83, cardinal and religious leader (born 1927)
* 3 April – [[Rafique Alam]], 81, politician (born 1929)
* 5 April – [[Sujatha (actress)|Sujatha]], 58, actress (born 1952)
* 12 April – [[Sachin Bhowmick]], 80, Hindi film writer and director (born 1930)
* 17 April – [[Bhawani Singh]], 79, titular Maharaja of Jaipur (born 1931)
* 22 April – [[Madhava Gudi]], 72, Hindustani classical vocalist (born 1941)
* 24 April – [[Sathya Sai Baba]], 84, guru, spiritual leader & educator (born 1926)
* 30 April – [[Dorjee Khandu]], 56, politician, Chief Minister of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] (born 1955)

===May – December===
* 13 May – [[Badal Sarkar]], 85, dramatist and theatre director (born 1925)
* 15 May – [[Mahendra Singh Tikait]], 76, farmer leader and President of the Bharatiya Kisan Union (born 1935)
* 3 June – [[Bhajan Lal Bishnoi|Bhajan Lal]], 80, politician and three-time [[List of Chief Ministers of Haryana|Chief Minister of Haryana]] (born 1930)
* 7 June – [[Nataraja Ramakrishna]], 88, dance guru (born 1923)
* [[File:MFHussain2.jpg|thumb|140x140px|[[M. F. Husain|M.F. Hussain]]]]9 June – [[M. F. Husain]], 95, painter (born 1915)<ref>{{cite web |date=11 June 2011 |title=India's most famous painter M F Husain dies in London : SOCIETY & THE ARTS News – India Today |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/story/20110620-painter-m-f-husain-dies-in-london-746472-2011-06-10 |access-date=16 February 2012 |publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in}}</ref>
* 11 June – [[Jyotirmoy Dey]], 55, journalist, crime and investigations editor for Mid-Day, and an expert on the [[Mumbai underworld]] (born 1955)
* 14 June – [[Asad Ali Khan]], 74, musician (born 1937)
* 18 June – [[John Perumattam]], 89, Catholic hierarch (born 1921)
* 21 June
**[[Kothapalli Jayashankar]], 76, educator and politician (born 1934)
**[[Suresh Tendulkar]], 72, economist and former chief of the National Statistical Commission (born 1939)
* 29 June – [[K. D. Sethna]], 106, poet, scholar, writer, philosopher, and cultural critic (born 1904)
* 2 July – [[Chaturanan Mishra]], 86, politician and trade unionist (born 1925)
* 6 July – [[Mani Kaul]], 66, film director (born 1944)
* [[File:Shammi Kapoor still19.jpg|thumb|127x127px|[[Shammi Kapoor]]]]14 August – [[Shammi Kapoor]], 79, actor (born 1931)
* 18 August – [[Johnson (composer)|Johnson Master]], 58, film score composer and music director (born 1953)
* 22 September – [[Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi]], 70, cricketer (born 1941)
* [[File:Jagjit Singh (Ghazal Maestro).jpg|thumb|156x156px|[[Jagjit Singh]]]]10 October – [[Jagjit Singh]], 70, ghazal singer, composer, musician (born 1941)
* 5 November – [[Bhupen Hazarika]], 85, playback singer, lyricist, musician, poet, actor, filmmaker, and politician from [[Assam]] (born 1926)
* 9 November – [[Har Gobind Khorana]], Indian-born American Nobel biochemist (born 1922)
* 27 November – [[Ustad Sultan Khan]], 71, sarangi player and classical vocalist (born 1940)
* [[File:Dev Anand still5.jpg|thumb|170x170px|[[Dev Anand]]]]4 December – [[Dev Anand]], 88, actor, writer, director, and producer (born 1923)
* 25 December – [[Satyadev Dubey]], 75, actor, playwright, screenwriter, and director (born 1936)
* 26 December – [[S. Bangarappa]], 79, former Chief Minister of Karnataka (born 1933)

==Major Public Holidays==
* 26 January – [[Republic Day (India)|Republic Day]] (National holiday)
* 20 February – [[Maha Shivaratri]] (Hindu Holiday)
* 8 March – [[Holi]] (Hindu Holiday)
* 4 April – Gudi Padwa (Hindu New Year)
* 15 August – [[Independence Day (India)|Independence Day]] (National holiday)
* 19 August – Pateti (Parsi New Year)
* 21 August – [[Krishna Janmashtami]] (Hindu Holiday)
* 31 August – [[Eid ul-Fitr]] (Islam Holiday)
* 1 September – [[Ganesh Chaturthi]] (First day of 10 days long Ganesh Festival)
* 11 September – Anant Chaturdashi (Ganesh Visharjan/Last Day of 10 days long Ganesh Festival)
* 2 October – [[Gandhi Jayanti]] (National holiday)
* 6 October – [[Vijayadashami|Dassera]] (Hindu Holiday)
* 26 October – [[Diwali]] (Hindu Holiday)
* 7 November – [[Bakrid]] (Islam Holiday)
* 10 November – [[Guru Nanak Jayanti]] (Sikh Holiday)
* 25 December – [[Christmas]] (Christian Holiday)

== See also ==
{{Commons category}}
* [[2012 in India]]
* [[2010 in India]]

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{Years in India}}
{{Asia topic|2011 in}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2011 in India}}
[[Category:2011 in India| ]]
[[Category:Years of the 21st century in India]]
[[Category:2010s in India]]
[[Category:2011 by country|India]]
[[Category:2011 in Asia|India]]

Sandhya Dhar

2026-02-03T03:05:14Z

Silentbram: Created basic article initial version.

{{Short description|Indian disability rights activist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
[[File:Sandhya Dhar on the eve of Women's Day.jpg|right|thumb|Dhar after winning the Nari Shakti Puraskar in 2022]]
'''Sandhya Dhar''' (born 1980) is an Indian [[disability rights]] activist. She was diagnosed with [[cerebral palsy]] at an early age and is a [[wheelchair user]]. She founded the Jammu Institute of General Education and Rehabilitation (JIGER) in 2015 to support disabled people and was awarded the 2020 [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]].

==Career==
Sandhya Dhar was born in early 1980 in [[Srinagar]], the [[summer capital]] of erstwhile [[Indian state]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] into a [[Kashmiri Pandit]] family. At a few months old she had a fever which led to paralysis and she was diagnosed to have [[cerebral palsy]].<ref name="TNN">{{cite news |last1=Jamwal |first1=Akriti |title=Wheeling forth for the cause |url=https://www.thenewsnow.co.in/newsdet.aspx?q=95558 |access-date=12 May 2022 |work=The News Now |date=12 April 2019}}</ref> Her parents prioritised her care and she was sent to the [[Deendayal Upadhyaya Institute for the Physically Handicapped]] in [[New Delhi]] for two years. At five, she went to the local school and then her family moved to [[Jammu]], where the care facilities were better. She attended the Adarsh Shiksha Niketan school and then the M. Dass school.<ref name="TNN" /> She continued her education at the Government Degree College Parade Ground Jammu, studying for a [[Bachelor of Commerce]], [[Master of Commerce]], a [[Diploma in Computer Science]] and [[Master of Business Administration]] (MBA). She then worked in the finance department of the [[Government of Jammu and Kashmir]].<ref name="TNN" /> Dhar plays [[boccia]] and in 2022, she won a bronze medal at the Boccia National Championship.<ref name="Boccia">{{cite news |title=Sandhya remains 3rd in Boccia Championship |url=https://thenewsnetworklive.com/sandhya-remains-3rd-in-boccia-championship/ |access-date=13 May 2022 |work=TNN Live |date=22 March 2022 |archive-date=31 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220531053721/https://thenewsnetworklive.com/sandhya-remains-3rd-in-boccia-championship/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Dhar is a [[wheelchair user]].<ref name="KM">{{cite news |last1=Khan |first1=M. Aamir |title='Unsung heroes': Meet J&K women who received 'Nari Shakti' award from President – The Kashmir Monitor |url=https://www.thekashmirmonitor.net/unsung-heroes-meet-jk-women-who-received-nari-shakti-award-from-president/ |access-date=12 May 2022 |work=The Kashmir Monitor |date=10 March 2022}}</ref> She became a [[disability rights]] activist and founded the Jammu Institute of General Education and Rehabilitation (JIGER) in 2015. It supports disabled people and offers lessons taught by disabled teachers.<ref name="Tatsat">{{cite news |last1=Kainthola |first1=Deepanshu |title=President Presents Nari Shakti Puraskar for the Years 2020, 2021 |url=https://tatsatchronicle.com/president-presents-nari-shakti-puraskar-for-the-years-2020-2021/ |access-date=12 May 2022 |work=Tatsat Chronicle Magazine |date=8 March 2022 |language=en}}</ref> In 2022, it supported over 400 disabled children.<ref name="CC">{{cite news |title=Sandhya Dhar wheeling the change for disabled |url=https://consciouscarma.com/expert-corner/authored-articles/sandhya-dhar-wheeling-the-change-for-disabled/ |access-date=12 May 2022 |work=Conscious Carma |date=8 April 2022 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

In 2022, she received the 2020 [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]] from President [[Ram Nath Kovind]].<ref name="Tatsat" /> [[Manoj Sinha]], the [[Lieutenant Governor of Jammu and Kashmir]], said in 2022 that Dhar, alongside [[Nasira Akhter]] and [[Nasheeman Ashraf]], was an inspiration for women in the region.<ref name="KNS">{{cite news |title="Awaam Ki Awaaz" completes one year |url=https://www.knskashmir.com/%E2%80%9Cawaam-ki-awaaz%E2%80%9D-completes-one-year-124614 |access-date=12 May 2022 |work=Kashmir News Service |date=20 March 2022}}</ref>

==Selected works==

* {{cite book |last1=Dhar |first1=Sandhya |title=Political consciousness in Jammu region, 1904–1977 |date=2015 |location=New Delhi, India |isbn=978-93-5128-104-7}}
* {{cite book |last1=Dhar |first1=Sandhya |title=Political awakening in Jammu region: Papers presented in seminars, conferences |date=2019 |location=Delhi |isbn=978-93-5324-029-5}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Nari Shakti Puraskar}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dhar, Sandhya}}
[[Category:1980 births]]
[[Category:Indian disability rights activists]]
[[Category:Indian disabled sportspeople]]
[[Category:Kashmiri people]]
[[Category:Kashmiri Pandits]]
[[Category:People from Srinagar]]
[[Category:People from Jammu (city)]]
[[Category:Nari Shakti Puraskar winners]]
[[Category:Boccia players]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian activists with disabilities]]

Nature's Basket

2026-01-19T04:23:52Z

Silentbram:

{{Short description|Indian gourmet grocery delivery service}}

{{Use Indian English|date=December 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Nature's Basket
| logo = Nature's Basket.svg
| logo_size = 250px
| logo_alt = Nature's Basket
| type = [[Subsidiary]] of Spencer's Retail Ltd <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.naturesbasket.co.in/HTML/AboutUs.aspx|title=About Natures Basket | naturesbasket.co.in|website=Naturesbasket.co.in|access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref>
| industry = Food & grocery
| key_people = Sachin Agarwal (COO); Manjir Basu (CFO)
| products = {{unbulleted list|Fruits & vegetables| Indian grocery| Snacks & beverages| Delicatessen & cheese| Eggs & meat| Confectionary &{{wbr}} patisserie| Gift hampers}}
| revenue = {{ubl|{{increase}}[[Indian rupee|₹]]}}365 Crore <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/company/godrej-industrie-1742/annual-report/director-report|title=Godrej Industries Ltd.|access-date=18 April 2021|via=Business Standard}}</ref>
| parent = Spencer's Retail
| website = https://naturesbasket.co.in/
| foundation = [[Mumbai, Maharashtra]], India {{Start date|2005||}}
| hq_location = Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| num_employees = 1000+
}}
{{infobox website
| current_status = Online
| website =
}}

'''Nature's Basket''' is an Indian [[grocery]] [[Delivery (commerce)|delivery]] chain of [[retail stores]] focused in [[Gourmet|gourmet food]]. It has a range of [[organic food]], imported ingredients and exotic foods. The company is headquartered in [[Mumbai]], India and has multiple stores in cities like Mumbai, Bengaluru, Pune and Kolkata. It was acquired by [[Spencer's Retail|Spencer's Retail Ltd]], a [[RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group|RP-Sanjiv Goenka Group company]] in May 2019 from the [[Godrej Group]] in an all-cash deal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/spencers-retail-to-buy-natures-basket-for-300-crore/article27162401.ece |title=Spencer’s to buy Nature’s Basket from Godrej for ₹300 cr in cash – The Hindu BusinessLine|website=The Hindu BusinessLine}}</ref>

==History==
Nature's Basket was founded in 2005 as a "world food store" <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/business/godrej-natures-basket-seeks-to-include-200-cities-online-by-2016-2428644.html|title=Godrej Nature's Basket scales up e-commerce, to cater to 200 cities by 2016 |date=11 September 2015|website=Firstpost|access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref> and now operates 31 physical stores in cities such as Mumbai, Bengaluru, Pune and Kolkata.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.naturesbasket.co.in/HTML/LocateStoreBangluru.aspx|title=Online Grocery Shopping Store In Bengaluru: Natures Basket|website=Naturesbasket.co.in|access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref> The retail chain sells fresh vegetables, fruits, cold cuts, meats, cheese, organic foods and dairy products. It also sells gifts.

It also operates as an online grocery store and mobile app platform which caters to 125 cities across India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/godrej-natures-basket-launches-pan-india-ops/articleshow/48901486.cms|title=Godrej Nature's Basket launches pan-India ops | Mumbai News - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/cnbc-tv18-comments/godrej-natures-basket-bets-bigecommerce-1440359.html|title=Godrej Nature's Basket Bets Big On Ecommerce|website=Moneycontrol|access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref>

Nature's Basket acquired Mumbai-based online grocery store Ekstop.com in 2015 to strengthen its online presence across 125 cities in India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/internet/godrej-natures-basket-acquires-mumbai-etailer-ekstop/articleshow/46283046.cms|title=Godrej's Nature's Basket acquires Mumbai based e-tailer Ekstop|first=Anand|last=Murali|access-date=18 April 2021|via=The Economic Times}}</ref>

In 2017, the company rebranded as a "Daily Food Delights" store.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}}

The company was acquired by Spencer's Retail Ltd from Godrej Group in May 2019 in an all cash deal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/newsbuzz/spencers-retail-acquires-godrej-natures-basket/articleshow/69373485.cms|title=Spencer's Retail acquires Godrej Nature's Basket in Rs 300 crore all-cash deal|date=2019-05-18|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-10-16}}</ref> The acquisition proved complementary across a number of fronts. The acquisition helped Spencer’s Retail expand its retail presence in Western India, a region for potential business growth. Natures Basket retained its brand, providing Spencer’s with a market flanking opportunity.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/with-an-eye-on-growth-spencer-s-works-on-natures-basket-turnaround-120071400504_1.html|title=With an eye on growth, Spencer's works on Natures Basket turnaround|first=Ishita Ayan|last=Dutt|date=14 July 2020|access-date=18 April 2021|via=Business Standard}}</ref>

==Key people==
Sachin Agarwal is the COO & Manjir Basu is the CFO of Natures Basket.

==In-house brands==
Nature's Basket has three brands under its name for exotic and organic produce:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/management/nature-s-basket-nurtures-its-own-116092801321_1.html|title=Nature's Basket nurtures its own|first=Raghavendra|last=Kamath|date=28 September 2016|access-date=18 April 2021|via=Business Standard}}</ref>

*'''L'Exclusif''' : exotic products such as international gourmet, nuts, conserves, savories, digestives, chocolates, ice creams
*'''Healthy Alternatives''' : organic and health-oriented food such as quinoa, gluten-free pasta, multi-grain atta (flour), pulses, roasted seed mixes. [[Twinkle Khanna]] launched the Nature's Basket Healthy Alternatives brand in Mumbai on 27 September 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Twinkle-Khanna-reveals-her-healthy-alternatives/articleshow/54551297.cms|title=Twinkle Khanna reveals her healthy alternatives|access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lifeandtrendz.com/twinkle-khanna-launches-godrej-natures-basket-healthy-alternative/|title=TWINKLE KHANNA LAUNCHES GODREJ NATURE’S BASKET HEALTHY ALTERNATIVE|access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref>
*'''Nature's''' : A range of dry fruits, spices, eggs, vegetables, rice, pulses, rice
* Sonam Kapoor is associated with Nature's Basket since August 2019.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/retail/retail-companies-loosen-purse-strings-to-woo-consumers/articleshow/70902428.cms|title=Retail companies loosen purse strings to woo consumers|last=Mukherjee|first=Writankar|date=2019-08-30|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-10-16}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[E-commerce in India]]
* [[Online shopping]]
* [[Godrej Group]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Retail companies of India]]
[[Category:Companies based in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Retail companies established in 2005]]
[[Category:RPG Group]]
[[Category:Supermarkets of India]]
[[Category:2005 establishments in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 2005]]
[[Category:RPSG Group]]

Dhulo Kuttikar

2026-01-13T21:07:37Z

Silentbram: Added A Post

{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Dhulo Kuttikar
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_name = Dhulo Chimlo Kuttikar
| birth_place = [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]]
| office = [[Goa Legislative Assembly|Member of Goa Legislative Assembly]]
| majority = 3,406 (46.16%)
| constituency = [[Quepem Assembly constituency|Quepem]]
| predecessor = [[Shaba Desai]]
| term_start = 1972
| term_end = 1977
| successor = [[Vaikunth Desai]]
| party = [[Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party]] (1972–1977)
| occupation = Politician
}}

'''Dhulo Chimlo Kuttikar''' is an Indian politician<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fEVC1aacQwwC&q=dhulo+kuttikar |title=Statistical Pocket-book of the Union Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu |date=1976 |publisher=Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of Goa, Daman and Diu. |language=en}}</ref> who is a former member of the [[Goa Legislative Assembly]] representing the [[Quepem Assembly constituency]] from 1972 to 1977. He was a member of the [[Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Goa Legislative Assembly |url=https://www.goavidhansabha.gov.in/member_detail.php?mem_id=205 |access-date=2022-10-27 |website=www.goavidhansabha.gov.in}}</ref><ref name=results1972>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3843-goa-1972/ |title=Goa General Legislative Election 1972 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 31 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Diu (India) |first=Goa, Daman and |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cZEaAAAAIAAJ&q=Dhulo+Kuttikar |title=Annual Administration Report |date=1972 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Reed |first=Sir Stanley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G2LVAAAAMAAJ&q=Dhulo+Kuttikar |title=Indian and Pakistan Year Book and Who's who |date=1977 |publisher=Bennett, Coleman. |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Reed |first=Sir Stanley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1gcfAQAAMAAJ&q=Dhulo+Kuttikar |title=The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who |date=1976 |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |language=en}}</ref>

==Career==
Kuttikar contested in the [[1972 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] from the [[Quepem Assembly constituency]] on the [[Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party]] ticket and emerged victorious by defeating [[United Goans (Sequiera Group)]] candidate, [[Ganba Desai]] by a margin of 591 votes. He served for five years from 1972 to 1977. This marked his first and last election participation in his political career.{{fact|date=August 2024}}

Kuttikar is also said to have dominated the tribal leadership campaign along with Vasu Paik Gaonkar from [[Canacona Assembly constituency|Canacona]], [[Kashinath Jalmi]] from [[Priol Assembly constituency|Priol]], Mama Cardoz from [[Margao Assembly constituency|Margao]], Antonio Gaonkar from Raia and [[Prakash Velip]] from Quepem constituency as members of the Goa Legislative Assembly during the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Balan |first1=PP |last2=George |first2=Sunny |last3=Kunhikannandate |first3=T.P. |date=November 2016 |title=MARGINALISATION AND DEPRIVATION STUDIES ON MULTIPLE VULNERABILITIES |url=http://dspace.kila.ac.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/276/1/Marginalisation%20and%20Deprivation%20Studies%20in%20Multiple%20Vulnerabilit |journal=Marginalisation and Deprivation}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kuttikar, Dhulo}}
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Possibly living people]]
[[Category:Goa, Daman and Diu MLAs 1972–1977]]
[[Category:Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party politicians]]
[[Category:Politicians from South Goa district]]

Prakash Padukone

2026-01-12T06:43:49Z

Silentbram: expanded content

{{Short description|Indian badminton player (born 1955)}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox badminton player
| name = Prakash Padukone
| caption = Padukone at the Tata Open championship in 2009
| birth_name = Prakash Padukone
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1955|06|10}}
| birth_place =[[Bengaluru]], Mysore State (present-day [[Karnataka]]), India
| height = {{convert|1.85|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| weight ={{convert|75|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| event = Men's singles
| highest_ranking = 1<ref>{{cite web |title= Prakash Padukone Profile |url= http://www.iloveindia.com/sports/badminton/players/prakash-padukone.html |publisher= iloveindia |access-date= 15 August 2013 |archive-date= 29 July 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130729191420/http://www.iloveindia.com/sports/badminton/players/prakash-padukone.html |url-status= live }}</ref>
| date_of_highest_ranking = 1980
| country = India
| coach =
| handedness = Right
| best_result =
| medal_templates =
{{MedalSport | Men's [[badminton]] }}
{{MedalCountry | {{IND}} }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[BWF World Championships|World Championships]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[1983 IBF World Championships|1983 Copenhagen]] | [[1983 IBF World Championships – Men's singles|Men's singles]] }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Badminton World Cup|World Cup]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[1981 Badminton World Cup|1981 Kuala Lumpur]] | Men's singles }}
{{MedalBronze | [[1980 Badminton World Cup|1980 Kyoto]] | Men's singles }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Badminton at the World Games|World Games]] }}
{{MedalBronze | 1981 Santa Clara | Men's singles }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Badminton at the Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[Badminton at the 1978 Commonwealth Games|1978 Edmonton]] | Men's singles }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Badminton at the Asian Games|Asian Games]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[Badminton at the 1974 Asian Games|1974 Tehran]] | Men's Team }}
{{MedalBronze | [[Badminton at the 1986 Asian Games|1986 Seoul]] | [[Badminton at the 1986 Asian Games - Men's team|Men's Team]] }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Badminton Asia Championships|Asian Championships]] }}
{{MedalSilver | [[1983 Asian Badminton Championships|1983 Calcutta]] | Men's team }}
{{MedalBronze | [[1976 Asian Badminton Championships|1976 Hyderabad]] | Men's singles }}
| module = {{infobox person|embed=yes
| honours = [[Arjuna award]] (1972) [[Padma Shri]] (1982)
}}
}}

'''Prakash Padukone''' (born 10 June 1955) is an Indian former [[badminton]] player. He was ranked World No. 1 in 1980 and the same year he became the first Indian to win the [[All England Open Badminton Championships|All England Open]]. He was awarded the [[Arjuna award]] in 1972 and the [[Padma Shri]] in 1982 by the Government of India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/aces-awards/sportstar-aces-awards-prakash-padukone-lifetime-achievement-award/article26272297.ece|title = Sportstar Aces Awards: Badminton legend Prakash Padukone wins Lifetime Achievement Award| date=14 February 2019 }}</ref> He is one of the co-founders of [[Olympic Gold Quest]], a foundation dedicated to the promotion of [[Olympic sports]] in India.

==Early life==
Padukone was born on 10 June 1955<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iloveindia.com/sports/badminton/players/prakash-padukone.html|title=Prakash Padukone Profile - Indian Badminton Player Prakash Padukone Biography - Information on Prakash Padukon|access-date=4 May 2011|archive-date=29 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729191420/http://www.iloveindia.com/sports/badminton/players/prakash-padukone.html|url-status=live}}</ref> in [[Bangalore]] in [[Karnataka]]. His father, Ramesh, was a secretary of the Mysore Badminton Association.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/an-exciting-tournament/article3185184.ece |title=An exciting tournament |newspaper=The Hindu |date=5 January 2006 |access-date=3 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107085559/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/an-exciting-tournament/article3185184.ece |archive-date=7 November 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Career==
Prakash was initiated into the game by his father Ramesh Padukone, who was the Secretary of Mysore Badminton Association for many years.

Padukone's first official tournament was the [[Karnataka]] state junior championship in 1962, which he lost in the very first round. However, two years later he managed to win the state junior title. He changed his playing style to a more aggressive one in 1971, and won the Indian national junior title in 1972. He also won the senior title the same year. He won the national title consecutively for the next seven years. In 1978, he won his first major international title, the men's singles gold medal at the [[1978 Commonwealth Games]] in Edmonton, Canada.<ref name="The Tribune - 24Apr2010 - Shuttlers aim for gold in the upcoming Commonwealth Games, writes M. S. Unnikrishnan">{{cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2010/20100424/spr-trib.htm|title=Shuttlers aim for gold in the upcoming Commonwealth Games, writes M. S. Unnikrishnan|date=24 April 2010|work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]|access-date=5 May 2012}}</ref> In 1979, he won the "Evening of Champions" at the Royal Albert Hall, London.

In 1980, he won the [[Denmark Open|Danish Open]], the [[Swedish Open (badminton)|Swedish Open]] and became the first Indian to win the men's singles title at the [[All-England Open Badminton Championships|All England Championship]] with a victory over Indonesia's [[Liem Swie King]], who was one of the world's leading singles players of his era. Padukone spent much of his international career training in [[Denmark]], and developed close friendships with European players such as [[Morten Frost]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.badzine.net/features/profile-morten-frost/142/ |title=PROFILE – Morten Frost |publisher=Badzine.net |date=5 January 2007 |access-date=18 May 2017 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090335/http://www.badzine.net/features/profile-morten-frost/142/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Other services==
After his retirement from competitive sports in 1991, Padukone served as the chairman of the [[Badminton Association of India]] for a short while. He also served as the coach of the Indian national badminton team from 1993 to 1996. He co-founded [[Olympic Gold Quest]] with [[Geet Sethi]], a foundation dedicated to the promotion of Olympic sports in India.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.olympicgoldquest.in/history.html | title=History | OGQ | access-date=29 November 2023 | archive-date=31 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240731100824/https://ogq.org/history.html | url-status=live }}</ref>

==Personal life==
[[File:Padukone with family.jpg|thumb|Prakash Padukone with family]]

Padukone married Ujjala.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/I-dont-have-an-issue-marrying-an-actor-Deepika-Padukone/articleshow/33391212.cms? | title=I don't have an issue marrying an actor: Deepika Padukone | work=The Times of India | date=8 April 2014 | access-date=8 April 2014 | archive-date=8 April 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408080023/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news-interviews/I-dont-have-an-issue-marrying-an-actor-Deepika-Padukone/articleshow/33391212.cms | url-status=live }}</ref> They have two daughters, [[Deepika Padukone|Deepika]] and Anisha.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-182121908.html |title=She's the model of success |work=[[The Star (South Africa)|The Star]]|location=South Africa |date=4 August 2008 |access-date=29 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140610213030/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-182121908.html |archive-date=10 June 2014 |via=Highbeam}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Kaura |first=Neha |title=Deepika's link-ups don't bother us, says sister |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Deepikas-link-ups-dont-bother-us-says-sister/articleshow/13994578.cms |access-date=2 July 2013 |newspaper=The Times of India |date=11 June 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616173634/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Deepikas-link-ups-dont-bother-us-says-sister/articleshow/|archive-date=16 June 2012 }}</ref>

==Achievements==
=== World Championships ===
''Men's singles''
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"
! Year
! Venue
! Opponent
! Score
! Result
|- style="background:#F3E6D7"
| align="center" | [[1983 IBF World Championships – Men's singles|1983]]
| align="left" | [[Brøndbyhallen]], [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} [[Icuk Sugiarto]]
| align="left" | 15–9, 7–15, 1–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | [[File:Med 3.png|Bronze]] '''Bronze'''
|}

=== World Cup ===
''Men's singles''
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"
! Year
! Venue
! Opponent
! Score
! Result
|- style="background:#F3E6D7"
| align="center" | [[1980 Badminton World Cup|1980]]
| align="left" | [[Kyoto]], [[Japan]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} [[Liem Swie King]]
| align="left" | 12–15, 6–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | [[File:Med 3.png|Bronze]] '''Bronze'''
|-
|- style="background:#F3E6D7"
| align="center" | [[1981 Badminton World Cup|1981]]
| align="left" |[[Stadium Negara]], [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Malaysia]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Han Jian (badminton)|Han Jian]]
| align="left" | 15–0, 18–16
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | [[File:Med 1.png|Gold]] '''Gold'''
|}

=== World Games ===
''Men's singles''
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"
! Year
! Venue
! Opponent
! Score
! Result
|- style="background:#F3E6D7"
| align="center" | [[Badminton at the World Games|1981]]
| align="left" | [[San Jose Civic Auditorium]], [[California]], United States
| align="left" |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Chen Changjie (badminton)|Chen Changjie]]
| align="left" | 14–18, 16–18
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | [[File:Med 3.png|Bronze]] '''Bronze'''
|}

=== Asian Championships ===
''Men's singles''
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"
! Year
! Venue
! Opponent
! Score
! Result
|- style="background:#ECF2FF"
| align="center" | [[1976 Asian Badminton Championships|1976]]
| align="left" | [[Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium, Hyderabad]], [[India]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} [[Liem Swie King]]
| align="left" | 8–15, 3–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | [[File:Med 3.png|Bronze]] '''Bronze'''
|}

=== Commonwealth Games ===
''Men's singles''
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"
! Year
! Venue
! Opponent
! Score
! Result
|- style="background:#FFE4B5"
| align="center" | [[Badminton at the 1978 Commonwealth Games|1978]]
| align="left" | [[Edmonton|Edmonton, Alberta]], [[Canada]]
| align="left" | {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Derek Talbot]]
| align="left" | 15–9, 15–8
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | [[File:Med 1.png|Gold]] '''Gold'''
|}

=== International tournaments ===
''Men's singles''
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"
! Year
! Tournament
! Opponent
! Score
! Result
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1979
| align="left" | [[India Open]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} Dhany Sartika
| align="left" | 15–10, 11–15, 12–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1979
| align="left" | English Masters
| align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} [[Morten Frost]]
| align="left" | 15–4, 15–11
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{gold1}} '''Winner'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1980
| align="left" | Copenhagen Cup
| align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} Morten Frost
| align="left" | 8-15, 15-10, 9-15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1980
| align="left" | [[Denmark Open]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} Morten Frost
| align="left" | 15–7, 18–13
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{gold1}} '''Winner'''
|-style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | [[1980 All England Open Badminton Championships|1980]]
| align="left" | [[All England Open Badminton Championships|All England]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} [[Liem Swie King]]
| align="left" | 15–3, 15–10
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{gold1}} '''Winner'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1980
| align="left" | [[Swedish Open (badminton)|Swedish Open]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} [[Rudy Hartono]]
| align="left" | 9–15, 15–12, 15–1
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{gold1}} '''Winner'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1981
| align="left" | Denmark Open
| align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} Morten Frost
| align="left" | 7–15, 5–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|-style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | [[1981 All England Open Badminton Championships|1981]]
| align="left" | All England
| align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} Liem Swie King
| align="left" | 15–11, 4–15, 6–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1981
| align="left" | English Masters
| align="left" |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Luan Jin]]
| align="left" | 9–15, 8–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1981
| align="left" | India Open
| align="left" |{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Han Jian (badminton)|Han Jian]]
| align="left" | 9–15, 15–5, 15–12
| style="text-align:left; background:white" |{{gold1}} '''Winner'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1981
| align="left" | Scandinavian Open
| align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} Morten Frost
| align="left" | 4–15, 11–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1982
| align="left" | [[Dutch Open (badminton)|Dutch Open]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|ENG}} [[Ray Stevens (badminton)|Ray Stevens]]
| align="left" | 5–15, 15–2, 15–2
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{gold1}} '''Winner'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1982
| align="left" | Denmark Open
| align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} Morten Frost
| align="left" | 7–15, 8–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1982
| align="left" | Scandinavian Open
| align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} Morten Frost
| align="left" | 3–15, 4–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1983
| align="left" | [[Taipei Open (badminton)|Chinese Taipei Open]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} [[Icuk Sugiarto]]
| align="left" | 10–15, 8–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1983
| align="left" | [[Japan Open (badminton)|Japan Open]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|CHN}} Han Jian
| align="left" | 15–6, 8–15, 9–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1983
| align="left" | Dutch Open
| align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} Morten Frost
| align="left" | 11–15, 4–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1983
| align="left" | Scandinavian Open
| align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} Morten Frost
| align="left" | 17–18, 2–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1983
| align="left" | India Open
| align="left" |{{flagicon|DEN}} Morten Frost
| align="left" | 7–15, 13–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1984
| align="left" | [[Thailand Open (badminton)|Thailand Open]]
| align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} Icuk Sugiarto
| align="left" | 15–13, 5–15, 4–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|- style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1985
| align="left" | Chinese Taipei Open
| align="left" |{{flagicon|INA}} [[Lius Pongoh]]
| align="left" | 15–5, 9–15, 10–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|}

''Men's doubles''
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
! Year
! Tournament
! Partner
! Opponent
! Score
! Result
|-style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1981
| align="left" | [[Japan Open (badminton)|Japan Open]]
| align="left" | {{flagicon|DEN}} [[Flemming Delfs]]
| align="left" | {{flagicon|INA}} [[Christian Hadinata]] {{flagicon|INA}} [[Lius Pongoh]]
| align="left" | 4–15, 5–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|-style="background:#f0f8ff;"
| align="center" | 1988
| align="left" | [[U.S. Open Badminton Championships|U.S. Open]]
| align="left" | {{flagicon|INA}} [[Liem Swie King]]
| align="left" | {{flagicon|INA}} Christian Hadinata {{flagicon|INA}} Lius Pongoh
| align="left" | 15–7, 11–15, 13–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | {{silver2}} '''Runner-up'''
|}

=== Invitational tournaments ===

''Men's doubles''
{| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size:90%;"
! Year
! Tournament
! Venue
! Partner
! Opponent
! Score
! Result
|-
|- style="background:#FFE0AF"
| align="center" | [[1978 Asian Invitational Badminton Championships|1978]]
| align="left" | Asian Invitational Championships
| align="left" | [[Capital Indoor Stadium]] [[Beijing, China|Peking, China]]
| align="left" | {{flagicon|IND}} [[Syed Modi]]
| align="left" | {{flagicon|CHN}} Lin Shiquan {{flagicon|CHN}} [[Tang Xianhu]]
| align="left" | 3–15, 5–15
| style="text-align:left; background:white" | [[File:Med 2.png|Silver]] '''Silver'''
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{sports links}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090627222736/http://www.badmintonmania.com/padukone_bio.htm Authorised Biography]
* [http://on.aol.com/video/coolage-interviews-prakash-padukone-517913721 Video interview of Prakash Padukone talking about early days of badminton in India, the sport, his superstitions, badminton, IBL, sport films and Deepika Padukone]

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Sports}}
{{Footer World Cup Champions Badminton Singles Men}}
{{Footer All England Open Championships Badminton Singles Men}}
{{Badminton in India}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Padukone, Prakash}}
[[Category:1955 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian male badminton players]]
[[Category:Konkani people]]
[[Category:Indian national badminton champions]]
[[Category:Indian badminton coaches]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in sports]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Arjuna Award]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:World No. 1 badminton players]]
[[Category:Commonwealth Games gold medallists for India]]
[[Category:Commonwealth Games gold medallists in badminton]]
[[Category:Commonwealth Games badminton players for India]]
[[Category:Badminton players at the 1978 Commonwealth Games]]
[[Category:Asian Games bronze medalists in badminton]]
[[Category:Asian Games bronze medalists for India]]
[[Category:Asian Games badminton players for India]]
[[Category:Badminton players at the 1974 Asian Games]]
[[Category:Badminton players at the 1978 Asian Games]]
[[Category:Badminton players at the 1986 Asian Games]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 1974 Asian Games]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 1986 Asian Games]]
[[Category:World Games medalists in badminton]]
[[Category:World Games bronze medalists]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 1981 World Games]]
[[Category:Medallists at the 1978 Commonwealth Games]]
[[Category:World Games medalists for India]]

Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences

2025-11-27T07:54:13Z

Silentbram: Created the article needs work

{{Short description|Medical institute in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}
{{redirect-distinguish|SKIMS|Skims}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences
| native_name = شیر ای کشمیر انسٹیٹیوٹ آف میڈیکل سائنسز
| image = Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Logo.svg
| other_name = SKIMS
| established = {{start date and age|1977}} {{start date and age|1982|12|5}} (under the current name)
| chairperson = [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]]
| director = Dr. Mohd. Ashraf Ganie
| city = [[Srinagar]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India
| coordinates = {{Coord|34|8|8.4156|N|74|48|4.1976|E|region:IN-JK_type:edu|display=inline,title}}
| type = [[Semi-autonomous]] [[Institute under State Legislature Act]]
| campus = [[Urban area|Urban]]
| affiliations = [[University Grants Commission (India)|UGC]], [[National Medical Commission|NMC]], [[Indian Nursing Council|INC]], [[Association of Indian Universities|AIU]]
| website = {{url|skims.ac.in}} {{url|skimsmc.edu.in}}
}}

'''Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences''', often abbreviated as '''SKIMS''', is the largest medical [[institute under State Legislature Act]] in [[Srinagar]], in the Indian [[union territory]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/kashmirs-dream-hospital-has-seen-12860-deaths-in-last-5-years-cag/article4585689.ece|title=Kashmir's dream hospital has seen 12,860 deaths in last 5 years: CAG|newspaper=The Hindu |date=5 April 2013|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref name="greaterkashmir">{{cite web|url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/2013/Dec/5/skims-medical-college-students-suspend-classes-57.asp|title=SKIMS Medical College students suspend classes|author=GreaterKashmir.com (Greater Service)|publisher=greaterkashmir.com|access-date=2014-08-07}}</ref>

SKIMS is the only medical university of the union territory of J&K, headed by a Director who is also the Ex-officio Secretary to the Government. The Director holds the rank equivalent to a Secretary-level Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer.

The [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]] is the Chairperson of the SKIMS governing body that performs the role of the cabinet for the semi-autonomous super-speciality hospital and the deemed university. In addition to the main hospital, the institute comprises the State Cancer Institute, Maternity Hospital, Nursing college, Paramedical college, and an affiliated medical college & hospital which is on the city outskirts at [[Bemina]].

==History==
Construction began in 1976. The institute was partially commissioned on 5 December 1982. On 19 August 1983, Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences was granted University like status by Institute under State Legislature Act status.{{cn|date=December 2024}}

On 25 June 2024, Mohd Ashraf Ganie was appointed as the director of SKIMS.<ref>{{Cite web |author=GK Web Desk |date=2024-06-25 |title=Dr. Mohd Ashraf appointed as Director SKIMS |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/health/dr-mohd-ashraf-appointed-as-director-skims/ |access-date=2024-06-27 |website=Greater Kashmir |language=en-US}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[90 Feet Road]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{official|http://skims.ac.in/}}

{{Institute under State Legislature Act}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Institute under State Legislature Act]]
[[Category:Medical and health sciences universities in India]]
[[Category:Medical colleges in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Regional Cancer Centres in India]]
[[Category:Srinagar district]]
[[Category:Research institutes in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Hospitals in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:1977 establishments in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Hospitals established in 1977]]

2022 India–Pakistan heat wave

2025-11-14T13:16:34Z

Silentbram: Started A Post

{{Short description|2022 heat wave in India and Pakistan}}
{{Infobox heat event
| title = 2022 India{{endash}}Pakistan heat wave
| thermal_map = Heatwave across India ESA24052285.jpeg
| thermal_map_caption =
| start_date = {{start date|df=yes|2022|03}}
| end_date = June 2022
| fatalities = 90
| areas = [[India]], [[Pakistan]]
| type = [[Heat wave]]
}}
The '''2022 India–Pakistan heat wave''' was an [[Extreme weather|extreme weather event]] which resulted in the hottest March in [[the subcontinent]] since 1901. The hot season arrived unusually early in the year and extended into April, affecting a large part of India's northwest and Pakistan.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Saaliq |first1=Sheikh |title=India's northwest reels under unusual early heat wave |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/indias-northwest-reels-unusual-early-heat-wave-84010505 |access-date=April 26, 2022 |work=ABC News |agency=Associated Press |date=April 11, 2022 |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426165630/https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/indias-northwest-reels-unusual-early-heat-wave-84010505 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Saphora |title=India's heatwave compared to start of climate disaster novel |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/heat-wave-india-climate-fiction-b2065039.html |access-date=April 26, 2022 |work=The Independent |date=April 26, 2022 |archive-date=April 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425211408/http://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/heat-wave-india-climate-fiction-b2065039.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The heatwave was combined with a drought, with only a quarter to a third of the normal rainfall. It occurred during a [[La Niña]] event, in which heat records are generally less likely.<ref name=will>{{cite news |last1=Vaughan |first1=Adam |date=April 26, 2022 |title=Severe Indian heatwave will bake a billion people and damage crops |work=New Scientist |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2317372-severe-indian-heatwave-will-bake-a-billion-people-and-damage-crops/ |url-status=live |access-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426095405/https://www.newscientist.com/article/2317372-severe-indian-heatwave-will-bake-a-billion-people-and-damage-crops/ |archive-date=April 26, 2022}}</ref>

Several cities across India had high temperatures over {{convert|42.8|C|F|abbr=on}}, with [[Wardha]] rising to {{convert|45|C|F|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cappucci |first1=Matthew |title=Record heat has gripped India since March. It's about to get worse. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2022/04/25/india-record-heat-march-april/ |access-date=April 26, 2022 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=April 25, 2022 |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426142614/https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2022/04/25/india-record-heat-march-april/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In [[Pakistan]], the city of [[Nawabshah]] recorded a high temperature of {{convert|49.5|C|F|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite news |last1=Harvey |first1=Chelsea |date=May 3, 2022 |title=Astonishing Heat Grips India and Pakistan |work=[[Scientific American]] |publisher=[[Springer Nature]] |agency=[[Environment & Energy Publishing]] |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/astonishing-heat-grips-india-and-pakistan/ |access-date=May 10, 2022}}</ref> and [[Jacobabad]] and [[Sibi]] both reached {{convert|47|C|F|abbr=on}}. Pakistan's [[Ministry of Climate Change (Pakistan)|Minister of Climate Change]] [[Sherry Rehman]] described it as a "spring-less year".<ref>{{Cite web |first1=Rhea|last1=Mogul|first2=Esha|last2=Mitra|first3=Manveena|last3=Suri|first4=Sophia|last4=Saifi |title=India and Pakistan heatwave is 'testing the limits of human survivability' |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/05/02/asia/india-pakistan-heatwave-climate-intl-hnk/index.html|date=3 May 2022 |access-date=26 July 2022 |website=CNN}}</ref>

==Severity and significance==
The heat wave broke records for temperature highs in Pakistan and Bangladesh India.<ref name="Scientific American">{{cite news |last1=Harvey |first1=Chelsea |title=Astonishing Heat Grips India and Pakistan |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/astonishing-heat-grips-india-and-pakistan/ |access-date=5 May 2022 |work=Scientific American |date=3 May 2022}}</ref> The wave has also received attention due to its length.<ref name="Scientific American"/>

== Impacts ==

=== Death Toll ===

Estimates have the death toll of the heatwave at around 90 across India and Pakistan,<ref>{{cite news|title=Climate Change made devastating early heat in India and Pakistan 30 times more likely
|url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/climate-change-made-devastating-early-heat-in-india-and-pakistan-30-times-more-likely/ |access-date=26 October 2025 |work=World Weather Attribution |date=23 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref> due to the heat itself as well as the poor harvest and a [[Glacial Lake Outburst Flood]].

=== Impact on agriculture ===
During the [[2022 food crises]], India began taking steps to export more rice and wheat, in part to fill the gaps created by the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russian invasion of Ukraine]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bhardwaj |first1=Mayank |title=EXCLUSIVE India acts to seize gap in wheat export market left by Ukraine war |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/exclusive-india-acts-seize-gap-wheat-export-market-left-by-ukraine-war-2022-03-15/ |access-date=30 April 2022 |work=Reuters |date=16 March 2022 |language=en}}</ref> However, the heatwave caused increasing local prices and lower supply, issues also exacerbated by the war increasing fertilizer prices.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-20 |title=Explained: How heatwave might thwart India's dream to feed the world |url=https://www.firstpost.com/business/explained-how-heatwave-might-thwart-indias-dream-to-feed-the-world-10576961.html |access-date=2022-04-24 |website=Firstpost |language=en |archive-date=2022-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424150614/https://www.firstpost.com/business/explained-how-heatwave-might-thwart-indias-dream-to-feed-the-world-10576961.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The heatwave occurred mostly during the final weeks of the wheat growing season, killing the plants shortly before harvest.<ref name=will/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kumar |first1=Hari |last2=Ives |first2=Mike |title=The Extreme Heat Pummeling India and Pakistan Is About to Get Worse |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/28/world/asia/india-extreme-heat-wave.html |access-date=30 April 2022 |work=The New York Times |date=28 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428154220/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/28/world/asia/india-extreme-heat-wave.html/|archive-date=28 April 2022}}</ref>

The heatwave significantly impacted agriculture in India. At the same time early rainfall in India was 71% lower than the norm. In Punjab, the main crop producer in India, 15% of the harvest was lost and in some regions even 30%.<ref name="Mathews">{{cite web |last1=Mathews |first1=Bailee |date=18 July 2022 |title=Climate Change and the Global Food Supply |url=https://www.americansecurityproject.org/climate-change-and-the-global-food-supply/ |access-date=24 July 2022 |website=[[American Security Project]]}}</ref>
The heatwave caused a reverse in policy by Indian government, from trying to import to address the crises, to halting exports.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Diksha Madhok |title=India offered to help fix the global food crisis. Here's why it backtracked |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/05/17/business/india-wheat-export-ban-food-prices-explainer-intl-hnk/index.html|date=18 May 2022 |access-date=26 July 2022 |website=CNN}}</ref>

The heatwave has also severely impacted peach and apple harvests in [[Balochistan]].<ref name="guardian_2may2022">{{cite news |last1=Ellis-Petersen |first1=Hannah |last2=Meer Baloch |first2=Shah |title='We are living in hell': Pakistan and India suffer extreme spring heatwaves |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/may/02/pakistan-india-heatwaves-water-electricity-shortages |access-date=12 May 2022 |work=The Guardian |date=2 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

=== Nature and the environment ===
The heatwave has resulted in [[bird]]s falling from the sky in [[Gujarat]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-12 |title=It's so hot in India that birds are falling out of the sky. why falling? |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/india-heatwave-2022-birds-dying-b2077352.html |access-date=2022-05-13 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref>

===Bridge collapse===
The Hassanabad Bridge in [[Hunza Valley]], Pakistan collapsed after a glacial lake released large amounts of water into a stream caused by the heatwave.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Historic bridge crumbles amid Pakistan floods |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-asia-61392134|date=10 May 2022 |access-date=26 July 2022}}</ref>

=== Electricity shortages ===
{{main|Electricity sector in India}}
India faced its worst [[electricity shortage]] in more than six years, and demand due to the heat wave strained the electric grid in the country.<ref name=reuters_powercuts>{{cite news |last1=Varadhan |first1=Sudarshan |title=India sweats over worst power cuts in six years during extreme heat |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indian-heat-wave-disrupts-industrial-activity-power-demand-soars-2022-04-28/ |access-date=30 April 2022 |work=Reuters |date=28 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref> Scorching temperatures forced early closures of schools and sent people indoors.<ref name=reuters_powercuts/> [[Rajasthan]], [[Gujarat]], and [[Andhra Pradesh]] all reduced power allocated to industry due to an increase in power consumption dedicated to cooling.

The high power demand increased demand for [[coal in India]], which is the main source of electricity generation in the country. The state-run enterprise [[Coal India]] increased its output by 27%. [[Indian Railways]] had to cancel hundreds of passenger trains as an emergency measure to prioritize hauling coal to [[coal power plant]]s to avoid [[Power outage|blackouts]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Varadhan |first=Sudarshan |date=2022-04-29 |title=Power-hungry India halts passenger trains to free up track to move coal |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/power-hungry-india-halts-passenger-trains-free-up-track-move-coal-2022-04-29/ |access-date=2022-05-03}}</ref> The state also requested that electricity providers imported some 19 million tonnes of coal before the end of June.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Varadhan |first1=Sudarshan |title=India sets end-June coal import targets as power woes mount |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-sets-end-june-coal-import-targets-power-woes-mount-2022-05-03/ |access-date=5 May 2022 |work=Reuters |date=3 May 2022}}</ref>

On Friday, 29 April 2022, demand for electricity reached 207 [[gigawatts]], an all-time high in India, representing an increase of two gigawatts of demand over the previous day.<ref name="guardian_2may2022"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Sarita C. |title=Power demand spikes to all-time high of 207 GW |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/energy/power/power-demand-spikes-to-all-time-high-of-207-gw/articleshow/91195659.cms |access-date=12 May 2022 |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=30 April 2022}}</ref>

==Causes==
{{Further|Climate change in South Asia}}{{expand section|date=May 2022}}
A real-time [[extreme event attribution]] study by the [[World Weather Attribution]] project showed that the heat wave was made 30 times more likely due to climate change.<ref>{{cite press release |date=May 26, 2022 |first1=Lottie |last1=Butler |first2=Siobhan |last2=Stack-Maddox |title=Climate change made deadly heatwave in India and Pakistan 30 times more likely |url=https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/236696/climate-change-made-deadly-heatwave-india/ |publisher=Imperial College London |access-date=2022-11-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |first=Aniruddha |last=Ghosal |date=May 24, 2022 |title=South Asia's intense heat wave a 'sign of things to come' |url=https://apnews.com/article/climate-science-politics-pakistan-a015aa2a05a1a433afde43414e3d16b4 |access-date=2022-11-25 |work=[[AP NEWS]] |language=en}}</ref>

The occurrence of the heatwave was consistent with underlying [[climate change in Pakistan]] and [[climate change in India|in India]].<ref>{{Cite press release |date=2022-04-29 |title=Successive heatwaves in India and Pakistan highlight role of early warnings |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/media/news/climate-change-made-heatwaves-india-and-pakistan-30-times-more-likely |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218173521/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/media/news/climate-change-made-heatwaves-india-and-pakistan-30-times-more-likely |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 18, 2023 |access-date=2022-05-17 |publisher=[[World Meteorological Organization]] |language=en}}</ref> Indian scientists said that the major proximate cause was "weak western disturbances – storms originating in the Mediterranean region – which meant little pre-monsoon rainfall in north-western and central India".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-05-16 |first1=Sharanya |last1=Hrishikesh |first2=Meryl |last2=Sebastian |title=Delhi suffers at 49C as heatwave sweeps India |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-61242341 |access-date=2022-05-17}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Heat waves of 2022]]
*[[2022 South Asian floods]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Heat wave|state=autocollapse}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Heat wave in India and Pakistan, 2022}}
[[Category:2022 disasters in India|Heat wave]]
[[Category:2022 disasters in Pakistan|Heat wave]]
[[Category:2022 heat waves]]
[[Category:Heat waves in India|2022]]
[[Category:Heat waves in Pakistan|2022]]
[[Category:March 2022 in India]]
[[Category:March 2022 in Pakistan]]
[[Category:April 2022 in India]]
[[Category:April 2022 in Pakistan]]
[[Category:May 2022 in India]]
[[Category:May 2022 in Pakistan]]
[[Category:June 2022 in India]]
[[Category:June 2022 in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Climate change in India]]
[[Category:Climate change in Pakistan]]

Lakshagriha

2025-11-08T11:32:56Z

Silentbram:

{{Short description|House of lacquer in the Mahabharata}}{{EngvarB|date=April 2017}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
[[File:Pandavas save from lakshagriha and Bhima kill hidimb demon.jpg|thumb|360x360px|The Pandavas escape from the Lakshagriha, Razmanama]]

{{Hinduism}}

'''Lakshagriha''' ({{langx|sa|लाक्षागृहम्|translit=Lākṣāgṛham}}),<ref>{{Cite journal |last=JAINI |first=PADMANABH S. |date=1999 |title=PĀṆḌAVA-PURĀṆA OF VĀDICANDRA: TEXT AND TRANSLATION (Continued) |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23493427 |journal=Journal of Indian Philosophy |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=215–278 |doi=10.1023/A:1004380429507 |jstor=23493427 |s2cid=189821800 |issn=0022-1791|url-access=subscription }}</ref> also referred to as '''Jatugriha''',<ref>{{Cite web |last=Archive |first=Internet Sacred Text |title=The Mahabharata, Book 1: Adi Parva: Jatugriha Parva: Sect... {{!}} Sacred Texts Archive |url=https://sacred-texts.com/hin/m01/m01144.htm |access-date=2025-07-01 |website=Internet Sacred Text Archive |language=English}}</ref> or the '''House of Lacquer''', is a palace made of [[lacquer]] featured in the [[Hinduism|Hindu]] epic [[Mahabharata]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Vaidik Sudha |url=http://archive.org/details/Puranencyclopedia |title=Puran Encyclopedia |date=2020-06-17 |pages=448}}</ref> It is the setting of an assassination plot in the epic, devised by the prince [[Duryodhana]] to murder his cousins, the [[Pandava]]s, by planning to immolate them while they slept within the palace.

== Literature ==
=== Mahabharata ===
[[Dhritarashtra]], the ruler of the [[Kuru Kingdom|Kuru kingdom]], designated his nephew and the eldest son of [[Pandu]], [[Yudhishthira]], as the heir-apparent to the throne. Yudhishthira and his four brothers, called the Pandavas, grew popular among the masses, owing to their great deeds and prowess. Threatened by his cousins' fame and stoked by envy, Dhritarashtra's eldest son, Duryodhana, persuaded his father to allow him to plot against them to retain control over the kingdom.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Valmiki |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qj9bDwAAQBAJ&dq=Purochana&pg=PT2449 |title=Delphi Collected Sanskrit Epics (Illustrated) |last2=Vyasa |date=2018-05-19 |publisher=Delphi Classics |isbn=978-1-78656-128-2 |pages=2449 |language=en}}</ref>

Gaining the king's consent, Duryodhana instructed the architect [[Purochana]] to build a palace using flammable lacquer, and set it aflame on a designated day to assassinate the sleeping Pandavas and their mother [[Kunti]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Motilal Banarsidas |url=http://archive.org/details/QteT_puranic-encyclopedia-by-vettam-mani-motilal-banarsidas |title=Puranic Encyclopedia By Vettam Mani Motilal Banarsidas |pages=46}}</ref> At court, Dhritarashtra encouraged the Pandavas to visit the town of Varanavata and attend its festivities. Yudhishthira suspected the ulterior motives of the king, but found himself unable to refuse his bidding. Before their departure, their uncle, the minister [[Vidura]], cryptically warned Yudhishthira of the plot against their lives in a [[Mleccha]] language, and a means of escape. Upon their arrival to the town and the inspection of the Lakshagriha, Yudhishthira informed his mother and the brothers of the plot. He observed that the house of lacquer contained the substances of hemp, resin, straw, as well as bamboos, all of which were soaked in [[ghee]], making it extremely flammable. Rather than choose to reside elsewhere, which could attract suspicion, Yudhishthira decided to orchestrate a deception for their survival. A skilled miner was dispatched by Vidura to assist the princes in their escape. While the Pandavas hunted, the miner excavated a wide tunnel, originating at the middle of the Lakshagriha and ending along the banks of the river [[Ganges|Ganga]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/mahabharata0001unse |title=The Mahābhārata |date=1973 |location=Chicago |publisher= University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-84648-4 |pages=274–275}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Raman |first=Gowri |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VDvqDwAAQBAJ&dq=miner+tunnel+palace+pandavas&pg=PA49 |title=Mahabharatha |date=2020-06-09 |publisher=Blue Rose Publishers |pages=49 |language=en}}</ref> In the modern times, the [[Pandav Sthan]] at ''Panr'' village of [[Dalsinghsarai]] block in the [[Samastipur district]] of the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]] in [[Bihar]] is believed to be the location where the [[Pandava|Pandavas]] came out from the tunnel. It is about 16 kilometres from the north bank of the Ganga river.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=2024-03-21 |title=जहां पांडवों ने लिया था आश्रय, उस पांडव स्थान को अब भी है उद्धार का इंतजार |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hi/!state/samastipur-pandav-sthan-that-is-related-to-mahabharat-kaal-archaeological-department-found-many-rare-articles-brs24032005413 |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=hi}}</ref>

After a year had passed, Yudhishthira organised a festival within the palace, inviting the people of the town. Purochana grew inebriated and fell asleep. After the attendees of the festivities had departed, Yudhishthira ordered his brother, [[Bhima]], to set the Lakshagriha aflame, after which they escaped through the tunnel with Kunti. They were ferried to safety by a boatman sent by Vidura.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Buck |first=William |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bgnHHqPg6R8C&dq=Pandavas+tunnel+boatman+Ganga&pg=PA57 |title=Mahabharata |date=2000 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publ. |isbn=978-81-208-1719-7 |pages=57 |language=en}}</ref> The casualties of this fire were Purochana, and a [[Nishadas|nishada]] woman and her five sons, who had also fallen unconscious due to their inebriation. The burnt corpses of the nishadas were mistaken by the townsfolk of Varanavata for the Pandavas and Kunti. Following this episode, Dhritarashtra and Duryodhana arranged for the cremation of what they also took for the bodies of their relatives, and Duryodhana was groomed as the new heir to the throne.<ref>{{Cite web |last=www.wisdomlib.org |date=2015-01-09 |title=The House of Lac at Varanavata [Chapter 12] |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/mahabharata/d/doc118378.html |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=www.wisdomlib.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HkUQYvw2HGkC&dq=Purochana&pg=PA88 |title=Vyasa's Mahabharatam |date=2008 |publisher=Academic Publishers |isbn=978-81-89781-68-2 |pages=88 |language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Mayasabha]]
* [[Kamyaka Forest|Kamyakavana]]
* [[Dvaita Forest|Dvaitavana]]
* [[Khandava Forest|Khandavaprastha]]
* [[Pandav Sthan]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mahabharata}}
{{Hindu Culture and Epics}}

[[Category:Places in Hindu mythology]]
[[Category:Places in the Mahabharata]]

Josef Korbel

2025-11-06T02:45:31Z

Silentbram: reworked article for clarity after review

{{Short description|Czech-American diplomat (1909–1977)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Josef Korbel
| image = Josef Korbel.jpg
| office = Czechoslovakia Ambassador to Yugoslavia
| president = [[Edvard Beneš]]
| term_start = July 1945
| term_end = January 1948
| predecessor = [[Jaroslav Lípa]]
| successor = [[Jiří Taufer]]
| birth_name = Josef Körbel
| birth_date = {{birth date|mf=y|1909|9|20}}
| birth_place = [[Letohrad|Kyšperk]], [[Kingdom of Bohemia|Bohemia]], [[Austria-Hungary]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|mf=y|1977|7|18|1909|9|20}}
| death_place = [[Denver]], Colorado, U.S.
| children = 3, including [[Madeleine Albright]]
| spouse = {{marriage|Anna Spiegelová|1935}}
| education = [[Charles University|Charles University in Prague]] [[University of Paris]]
| module = {{infobox academic
| child = yes
| workplaces = [[University of Chicago]]
}}
| relatives = [[Alice P. Albright]] (granddaughter)
}}

'''Josef Korbel''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|k|ɒr|ˈ|b|ɛ|l}}; September 20, 1909 – July 18, 1977) was a Czech-American diplomat and [[political scientist]].<ref name="Blackman"/> During his public career, he served as [[Czechoslovakia]]'s ambassador to [[Yugoslavia]] and was the country's representative to the [[United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan]], serving as its chair. After settling down in the United States, Korbel became a professor of international politics at the [[University of Denver]], where he founded the [[Josef Korbel School of International Studies|Graduate School of International Studies]], which was later named after him, and served as its first dean.

His daughter, [[Madeleine Albright]], served as [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] under President [[Bill Clinton]], and he was the mentor of President [[George W. Bush]]'s Secretary of State, [[Condoleezza Rice]]. His granddaughter, [[Alice P. Albright]], served as CEO of the [[Millennium Challenge Corporation]] under President [[Joe Biden]].

==Background and career==
Josef was born under the family name Körbel on September 20, 1909 to Czech parents Arnost and Olga Körbel, both of whom were killed in [[the Holocaust]].<ref name=dobbs>{{cite news|first=Michael|last=Dobbs|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/govt/admin/stories/albright020497.htm|title=Albright's Family Tragedy Comes to Light|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=February 4, 1997|page=A01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000816071056/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/govt/admin/stories/albright020497.htm|archivedate=August 16, 2000|url-status=live}}</ref> He married Anna Spiegelová on April 20, 1935. They had met in secondary school around 1928. Anna was born in 1910 to Alfred Spiegel and Růžena Spiegelová, [[Jewish assimilation|assimilated Czech Jews]]. Her parents gave her the common Czech nickname of Andula. Korbel called her Mandula, a [[portmanteau]] of "Má Andula" (Czech for "My Andula"), while Anna called him Jozka.<ref name="Blackman">{{Cite book |last=Blackman |first=Ann |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/first/b/blackman-seasons.html |title=Seasons of Her Life: A Biography of Madeleine Korbel Albright |publisher=Scribner |year=1998 |isbn=978-0684845647 |pages=1–5}}</ref>

At the time of their daughter Madeleine's birth, Josef was serving as press-attaché at the Czechoslovak Embassy in [[Belgrade]].<ref name="Denver" />

Though he served as a diplomat in [[First Czechoslovak Republic|the government of Czechoslovakia]], Korbel's politics and Judaism forced him to flee with his wife and baby Madeleine after the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi]] invasion in 1939 and move to London. Korbel served as an advisor to [[Edvard Beneš]], in the Czech government in exile. He gave speeches for the BBC's daily broadcasts to Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia.<ref name=legacy/><ref name="KovenGötzke2010">{{citation |last1=Koven |first1=Steven G. |last2=Götzke |first2=Frank |title=American Immigration Policy: Confronting the Nation's Challenges |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pq04PFuRmQgC&pg=PA159 |date=2010 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-0-387-95940-5 |page=159}}</ref> During their time in England the Korbels converted to Catholicism and dropped the umlaut from the family name, resulting in the second syllable of "Korbel" being stressed.<ref name=dobbs/><ref>{{cite book|last=Albright|first=Madeleine|title=Prague Winter: A Personal Story of Remembrance and War, 1937-1948|date=24 April 2012 |pages=191–192|place=New York|publisher=Harper|isbn=978-0-06-203031-3}}</ref>

Korbel returned to [[Third Czechoslovak Republic|Czechoslovakia]] after the war, receiving a luxurious [[Prague]] apartment expropriated from Karl Nebrich, a [[Germans in Czechoslovakia (1918-1938)|Bohemian German]] industrialist [[expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia|expelled]] under the [[Beneš decrees]].<ref name=Germans/> Korbel was appointed as the Czechoslovak ambassador to [[Yugoslavia]], where he remained until the [[1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état|Communist coup in Czechoslovakia]] in February 1948. Around this time, he was named a delegate to the [[United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan]] to mediate on the [[Kashmir conflict|Kashmir dispute]]. He served as its chair, and subsequently wrote several articles and a book on the Kashmir problem.<ref name=Denver/>

Following the [[1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état|Communist Party's rise to power in 1948]], in 1949 Korbel applied for political asylum in the United States stating that he would be arrested in [[Fourth Czechoslovak Republic|Czechoslovakia]] for his "faithful adherence to the ideals of democracy." He received asylum and also a grant from the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] to teach [[international politics]] at the [[University of Denver]]. In 1964, with the benefaction of Ben Cherrington, Korbel established the Graduate School of International Studies and became its founding Dean.<ref name=Denver>[http://www.du.edu/korbel/about/history.html About us], Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver, retrieved May 15, 2016.</ref><ref name="KovenGötzke2010"/> One of his students was [[Condoleezza Rice]], the first woman appointed [[United States National Security Advisor|National Security Advisor]] (2001) and the first African-American woman appointed [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] (2005). Korbel's daughter Madeleine became the first female [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] in 1997. Both of them have testified to his substantial influence on their careers in foreign policy and international relations.<ref name=legacy>Michael Dobbs, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2000/12/28/josef-korbels-enduring-foreign-policy-legacy/8d31958e-07e6-4aff-a3a5-0426f487c9fe/ Josef Korbel's Enduring Foreign Policy Legacy] ''[[Washington Post]]'' December 28, 2000.</ref>

Korbel died in 1977.<ref name="dobbs" />

After his death, the University of Denver established the Josef Korbel Humanitarian Award in 2000. Since then, 28 people have received it.

The Graduate School of International Studies at the University of Denver was named the [[Josef Korbel School of International Studies]] on May 28, 2008.

==Academic work==
* ''Tito's Communism'' (The Univ. of Denver Press, 1951). {{ISBN|978-5-88379-552-6}}. [https://archive.org/details/titoscommunism00korb online]
* ''Danger in Kashmir'' (Princeton University Press, 1954). {{ISBN|1400875234}}. [https://archive.org/details/dangerinkashmir0000korb online]
* ''The Communist Subversion of Czechoslovakia, 1938–1948: The Failure of Co-existence'' (Oxford University Press, 1959), {{ISBN|978-1-4008-7963-2}}. [https://archive.org/details/communistsubvers0000jose online]

* ''Poland Between East and West: Soviet and German Diplomacy toward Poland, 1919–1933'' (Princeton University Press, 1963). {{ISBN|978-0691624631}} [https://archive.org/details/polandbetweeneas0000jose online]

* ''Detente in Europe: Real or Imaginary?'' (Princeton University Press, 1972). {{ISBN|978-0691644295}}.
* ''Conflict, Compromise, and Conciliation: West German–Polish Normalization 1966–1976'' (with Louis Ortmayer, University of Denver, 1975).
* ''The Politics of Soviet Policy Formation: Khrushchev's Innovative Policies in Education and Agriculture'' (University of Denver, 1976).
* ''Twentieth-century Czechoslovakia : the meanings of its history'' [https://archive.org/details/twentiethcentury00korb online]

===''Danger in Kashmir''===
Norman Palmer notes in a review of Korbel's book ''Danger in Kashmir'' that Korbel covers the same ground as Michael Brecher.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Palmer|first1=Norman|title=Danger in Kashmir – Book Review|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science|date=March 1955|volume=298|pages=223–224|doi=10.1177/000271625529800171 |s2cid=144544982 }}</ref> Yashina Tarr sees that Korbel has succeeded in providing an objective assessment of the United Nations' work and recommends it to readers.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Tarr|first1=Yashina|title=Danger in Kashmir – Book Review|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-international-affairs_1955_9_1/page/120|journal=Journal of International Affairs|date=1955|volume=9|issue=1|page=121}}</ref> Birdwood labels the content on the United Nations Commission involvement "authoritative" due to Korbel's own membership in the Commission. He also observes that the huge number of footnotes and quotations testify to Korbel's vast research put into this "valuable contribution" on the Kashmir dispute.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Birdwood|title=Danger in Kashmir – Book Review|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-affairs_1955-07_31_3/page/394|journal=International Affairs|date=July 1955|volume=31|issue=3|pages=395–396|doi=10.2307/2607376 |jstor=2607376 }}</ref> Werner Levi observes that Korbel tends to abstain from giving his own judgements and evaluations. Levi states that Korbel's book is a "comprehensive and balanced statement" of a contested topic.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Levi|first1=Werner|title=Danger in Kashmir – Book Review|journal=Pacific Affairs|date=September 1955|volume=28|issue=3|pages=288–289|doi=10.2307/3035420 |jstor=3035420 }}</ref>

== Artwork ownership controversy==
Philipp Harmer, an [[Austria]]n citizen, filed a lawsuit claiming that Josef Korbel's family is in inappropriate possession of artwork belonging to his great-grandfather, the German entrepreneur Karl Nebrich. Like most other ethnic Germans living in Czechoslovakia, Nebrich and his family were expelled from the country under the postwar "[[Beneš decrees]]", and left behind artwork and furniture in an apartment subsequently given to Korbel's family, before they also were forced to flee the country.<ref name=Germans>Suzanne Smalley: [http://www.praguepost.com/archivescontent/31921-germans-lost-their-art-too.html Germans lost their art, too. Family says Albright's father took paintings] – May 17, 2000</ref><ref>[https://www.jta.org/1999/05/05/archive/wealthy-austrian-family-claims-albrights-father-stole-paintings-2 Wealthy Austrian Family Claims Albright's Father Stole Paintings], May 5, 1999</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://digital.library.du.edu/findingaids/view?docId=ead/m033.xml;query=;brand=default Guide to the Josef Korbel papers at the University of Denver] Retrieved September 26, 2014.

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Korbel, Josef}}
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:1977 deaths]]
[[Category:People sentenced to death in absentia]]
[[Category:Czechoslovak refugees]]
[[Category:American people of Czech-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Judaism]]
[[Category:Czechoslovak diplomats]]
[[Category:Writers about the Kashmir conflict]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Czechoslovakia to Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:Josef Korbel School of International Studies people]]
[[Category:Czech Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:People from Ústí nad Orlicí District]]
[[Category:Czech anti-communists]]
[[Category:Diplomats from Prague]]
[[Category:Czechoslovak emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Madeleine Albright]]
[[Category:University of Denver faculty]]

Mahtab Ali Deobandi

2025-10-13T00:39:25Z

Silentbram: made first biography with sources...

{{Short description|Indian Muslim scholar (died 1887)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2025}}{{Infobox Muslim scholar
| name = Mahtab Ali Deobandi
| religion = Islam
| denomination = Sunni
| school_tradition = [[Hanafi]]
| main_interests= Islamic education
| influences = [[Mamluk Ali Nanautawi]], [[Sadruddin Khan Azurda Dehlawi]]
| students = [[Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi]], [[Zulfiqar Ali Deobandi]], [[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]]
| relatives = [[Zulfiqar Ali Deobandi]] (younger brother), [[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]] (nephew)
| notable_works = Contributions to the founding of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
| era = 19th century
| region = India
| birth_date = Unknown
| death_date = 1293 AH / 1877 CE (disputed; possibly 1304 AH / 1887 CE)
| death_place = Deoband, India
}}
'''Mahtab Ali Deobandi''' (died 1293 AH / 1877 CE) was an Indian Muslim scholar and one of the early founders of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]. He was a member of the institution’s first governing council ([[Majlis-e-Shura]]) and participated in its establishment and early development.

== Early life and education ==
Mahtab Ali Deobandi was the eldest son of [[Usmani family of Deoband#Shaykh Fateh Ali|Sheikh Fath Ali]] of [[Deoband]]. His younger brother, [[Zulfiqar Ali Deobandi]], was also among the founders of Darul Uloom Deoband.<ref name="Rizwi">{{cite book |last1=Rizwi |first1=Syed Mehboob |author1-link=Syed Mehboob Rizwi|title=Tārīkh-e-Deoband |trans-title=History of Deoband |chapter-url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/tareekh-e-deoband-syed-mahboob-rizvi-ebooks#331 |year=1972 |publisher=Ilmi Markaz|location=Deoband |edition=2nd|page=331|chapter=Maulana Mahtab Ali|language=ur}}</ref><ref name="Khalili">{{Cite book |last=Khalili Qasmi |first=Muhammadullah |author-link=Muhammadullah Khalili Qasmi|url=https://archive.org/details/darul-uloom-deob-ki-jamey-wa-mukhtasar-tareekh-edition-2/page/n517/mode/1up |title=Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Jame O Mukhtasar Tareekh |trans-title=Comprehensive and Concise History of Darul Uloom Deoband |publisher=Shaikh-Ul-Hind Academy |edition=2nd|date=October 2020 |location=India |language=ur|oclc=1345466013|page=516}}</ref>

He studied at [[Zakir Husain Delhi College|Delhi College]] (then known as Delhi Arabic College), where he was a student of [[Mamluk Ali Nanautawi]] and [[Sadruddin Khan Azurda Dehlawi]].<ref name="Adrawi">{{cite book |last1=Adrawi |first1=Asir |author-link=Asir Adrawi|title=Hazrat Shaikhul Hind: Hayāt aur Kārnāme |trans-title=Hazrat Sheikh-ul-Hind: Life and Achievements |date=April 2012|publisher=Shaikhul Hind Academy|location=Deoband |pages=32–33|contribution=Maulana Mahtab Ali|language=ur}}</ref> After completing his studies, he returned to Deoband. Coming from a prosperous family, he did not take up employment but instead began teaching locally.{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|p=32}}

== Career ==
Ali taught Arabic in a madrasa located in the guest house (''baithak'') of Sheikh Karamat Husain, a local notable of Deoband.{{Sfn|Rizwi|1972|pp=331–332}}<ref>{{Cite journal|last=al-Bastavi|first=Mi'raj Ahmad|title=شيخ الهند محمود حسن الديوبندي وجهوده في إعلاء كلمة الله|trans-title=Shaikh al-Hind Mahmud Hasan Deobandi and His Efforts in Exalting the Word of Allah|url=https://www.aqlamalhind.com/?p=2881|journal=Aqlam Alhind|date=July–September 2023|volume=8|issue=3|language=ar|access-date=2025-09-20}}</ref> Among his pupils at this madrasa were [[Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi]], who later founded Darul Uloom Deoband, and [[Zulfiqar Ali Deobandi]]. He was about eleven years senior to Nanautawi. Other early students included Nihal Ahmad, one of the initial supporters of Darul Uloom.{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|p=32}}

=== Role in Darul Uloom Deoband ===
When the idea of founding Darul Uloom Deoband emerged in 1866, [[Sayyid Muhammad Abid]] first consulted Mahtab Ali for advice and financial contribution. Ali was one of the earliest donors to the project, providing the second recorded contribution after Sayyid Muhammad Abid.{{Sfn|Rizwi|1972|pp=331–332}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ahmed |first1=Nazir |last2=Badshah |first2=Hafiz Muhammad |date=2021 |title=Mawlavi Zulfiqar Ali Al-deobandi And His Creative Works: A Descriptive Study |url=https://islamicsciences.org/index.php/islsci/article/view/34 |journal=Islamic Sciences |language=ar |page=5 |volume=4 |issue=1 |doi=10.52337/islsci.v4i1.34 |issn=2707-7470|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last= |first= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pVxuAAAAMAAJ&q=mahtab+Ali+deoband |title=A History of the Freedom Movement: Being the Story of Muslim Struggle for the Freedom of Hind-Pakistan, 1707-1947 |date=1957 |publisher=[[Pakistan Historical Society]] |page=416 |language=en}}</ref>

According to [[Syed Mehboob Rizwi]] and [[Asir Adrawi]], the first donation for the seminary was given by Sayyid Muhammad Abid, followed by Mahtab Ali.{{Sfn|Rizwi|1972|p=331}}{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|p=33}} The first public appeal for funds was later issued on 19 Muharram 1283 AH (1866 CE), in which his name appeared after those of Sayyid Muhammad and Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi.{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|p=516}}

Ali became a founding member of the [[Majlis-e-Shura]] (governing council) of Darul Uloom and served from 1283 AH (1866) until about 1304 AH (1887).{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|pp=746, 753}}<ref name="CLODUD">{{cite book |last1=Tayyib|first1=Qari Muhammad|author1-link=Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi|title=Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Sad-Sāla Zindagi |trans-title=Centenary Life of Darul Uloom Deoband |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/darul-uloom-deoband-ki-sad-saala-zindagi-qari-muhammad-tayyab-ebooks#118 |publisher=VC Office, Darul Uloom|location=Deoband|page=102|date=June 1965|edition=1st|language=ur}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Metcalf |first=Barbara |date=1978 |title=The Madrasa at Deoband: A Model for Religious Education in Modern India |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/311825 |journal=[[Modern Asian Studies]] |volume=12 |issue=1 |page=116 |doi=10.1017/S0026749X00008179 |jstor=311825 |issn=0026-749X}}</ref> He often examined students during the seminary's annual examinations.{{Sfn|Rizwi|1972|p=332}}

=== Students ===
Ali taught several figures who later played important roles in Islamic scholarship. Among them were:
* [[Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi]] – studied early Arabic texts with him.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gīlānī |first1=Manāzir Ahsan |author-link1=Manazir Ahsan Gilani |title=Sawānih-e-Qāsmi |trans-title=Biography of Qāsim Nanautawi |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/sawaneh-e-qasmi-volume-001-sayyad-manazir-ahsan-geelani-ebooks#198 |year=1975|publisher=Idara Nashr-o-Ishā'at, Darul Uloom Deoband|volume=1|language=ur |page=193}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Metcalf |first=Barbara D. |author-link=Barbara D. Metcalf |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BdH_AwAAQBAJ&dq=mahtab+Ali+deoband&pg=PA382 |title=Islamic Revival in British India: Deoband, 1860-1900 |date=2014-07-14 |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=978-1-4008-5610-7 |pages=76–77 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Zulfiqar Ali Deobandi]] – his younger brother and father of Mahmud Hasan Deobandi.{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|p=32}}
* [[Mahmud Hasan Deobandi]] indirectly benefited, as Ali was his uncle and teacher of his father.<ref name="Asghar">{{cite book |last=Deobandi|first=Asghar Hussain|author-link=Asghar Hussain Deobandi |title=Hayāt-e-Shaikhul Hind |trans-title=Life of Shaikh al-Hind |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/hayat-e-shaikh-ul-hind-syed-asghar-husain-ebooks#15 |publisher=Matba'-e-Qasmi |location=Deoband |edition=first |year=1921 |page=15 |language=ur}}</ref>

== Death ==
According to [[Syed Mehboob Rizwi]], Ali died in 1293 AH (1877 CE).{{Sfn|Rizwi|1972|p=331}}{{Sfn|Ahmed|Badshah|2021|p=6}} [[Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi]] recorded his membership of the governing council until 1304 AH (1887 CE).<ref name="CLODUD" /> [[Muhammadullah Khalili Qasmi]], after reconciling these reports, suggested that 1304 AH is the more likely year of his death.{{Sfn|Khalili Qasmi|2020|pp=517, 746}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Founders of Darul Uloom Deoband]]
[[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:19th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:1877 deaths]]
[[Category:1887 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Members of the Majlis-e-Shura of Darul Uloom Deoband]]

Usul al-Sama

2025-09-27T17:20:12Z

Silentbram: Created a details v1

{{Short description|Treatise by sufi saint Fakhr al-din Zarradi}}
'''''Usul al-Sama''''' is a treatise written by [[Khwaja Fakhr al-din Zarradi]], a sufi saint and disciple of [[Nizamuddin Auliya]] in Persian language.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nizami |first=Khaliq Ahmad |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Life_and_Times_of_Shaikh_Nizam_u_d_d/IVIxAAAAMAAJ?hl=en |title=The Life and Times of Shaikh Nizam-u'd-din Auliya |date=1991 |publisher=Idarah-i Adabyat-i Delli |pages=69, 158, 162 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Latif |first=Shaikh Abdul |date=1980 |title=Maulana Fakhruddin Zarradi, an Eminent Scholar and Critic of Muhammad Bin Tughluq |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44141864 |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=41 |pages=405–412 |issn=2249-1937}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Foundation |first=Encyclopaedia Iranica |title=FAḴR-al-DĪN ZARRĀDĪ, MAWLĀNĀ |url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/fakr-al-din-zarradi |access-date=2025-02-11 |website=iranicaonline.org |language=en-US}}</ref> The book is based on the [[Aqidah|Usul]] of [[Sama (Sufism)|Sama]], a sufi gathering.<ref>{{Citation |last=Ghani |first=Kashshaf |title=Defending the Practice of Audition: Maulana Fakhr al-Din Zarradi’s Usul al Sama |date=2023-12-29 |work=Sufi Rituals and Practices: Experiences from South Asia, 1200-1450 |pages=0 |editor-last=Ghani |editor-first=Kashshaf |url=https://academic.oup.com/book/55267/chapter-abstract/428649443?redirectedFrom=fulltext |access-date=2025-02-11 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-288922-5}}</ref> He proved the use of some musical instruments are not Haram under the Shariah.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Aquil |first=Raziuddin |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Days_in_the_Life_of_a_Sufi/lgYBEAAAQBAJ?hl=en |title=Days in the Life of a Sufi: 101 Enchanting Stories of Wisdom |date=2020-11-12 |publisher=Pan Macmillan |isbn=978-93-89109-44-3 |pages=79-81 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Surinder |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Situating_Medieval_India/78vnEAAAQBAJ?hl=en |title=Situating Medieval India: Polity, Society and Culture |date=2023 |publisher=Boydell & Brewer |isbn=978-1-83765-125-2 |pages=267 |language=en}}</ref> The book has been translated into Arabic, Urdu, Hindi and English languages.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Irwin |first=Joyce L. |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Sacred_Sound/9nMYAQAAIAAJ?hl=en |title=Sacred Sound: Music in Religious Thought and Practice |date=1983 |publisher=Scholars Press |isbn=978-0-89130-655-9 |pages=97-102 |language=en}}</ref> It is known that Zarradi written two treaties on the matter of Sama, but only one exists till today.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Congress |first=Indian History |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Proceedings/ZeRtAAAAMAAJ?hl=en |title=Proceedings |date=1980 |publisher=Indian History Congress |pages=408 |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* [[iarchive:RisalaUsulESimaAllamaFakruddinZarradiKhalifaOfMahbubEIlahi|Risala Usul al-Sama]] at [[Internet Archive]]

[[Category:14th-century Persian books]]
[[Category:Sufi literature]]
[[Category:Islamic literature]]

Anusha Bareddy

2025-07-06T03:19:25Z

Silentbram: Started A Data

{{Short description|Indian cricketer (born 2003)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox cricketer
| name = Anusha Bareddy
| female = true
| image =
| caption =
| fullname = Anusha Bareddy
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|2003|6|6|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Anantapur]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India
| nickname =
| heightft =
| heightinch =
| heightm =
| batting = Left-handed
| bowling = [[Left-arm orthodox spin|Slow left-arm orthodox]]
| role = [[Bowling (cricket)|Bowler]]

| international = true
| internationalspan =
| country = India

| onetest =
| testdebutdate =
| testdebutyear =
| testdebutagainst =
| testcap =
| lasttestdate =
| lasttestyear =
| lasttestagainst =

| oneodi = true
| odidebutdate = 16 July
| odidebutyear = 2023
| odidebutagainst = Bangladesh
| odicap = 138
| lastodidate =
| lastodiyear =
| lastodiagainst =

| T20Idebutdate = 9 July
| T20Idebutyear = 2023
| T20Idebutagainst = Bangladesh
| T20Icap = 74
| lastT20Idate = 11 July
| lastT20Iyear = 2023
| lastT20Iagainst = Bangladesh

| club1 = [[Andhra women's cricket team|Andhra]]
| year1 = {{nowrap|2020/21–present}}

| columns = 4

| column1 = [[Women's One Day International|WODI]]
| matches1 = 1
| runs1 = 2
| bat avg1 = 2.00
| 100s/50s1 = 0/0
| top score1 = 2
| deliveries1 = 6
| wickets1 = 0
| bowl avg1 = –
| fivefor1 = 0
| tenfor1 = 0
| best bowling1 = –
| catches/stumpings1 = 0/–

| column2 = [[Women's Twenty20 International|WT20I]]
| matches2 = 2
| runs2 = –
| bat avg2 = –
| 100s/50s2 = –
| top score2 = –
| deliveries2 = 48
| wickets2 = 1
| bowl avg2 = 44.00
| fivefor2 = 0
| tenfor2 = 0
| best bowling2 = 1/20
| catches/stumpings2 = 0/–

| column3 = [[List A cricket|WLA]]
| matches3 = 23
| runs3 = 125
| bat avg3 = 15.62
| 100s/50s3 = 0/0
| top score3 = 31
| deliveries3 = 1,097
| wickets3 = 32
| bowl avg3 = 19.81
| fivefor3 = 1
| tenfor3 = 0
| best bowling3 = 5/10
| catches/stumpings3 = 6/–

| column4 = [[Women's Twenty20|WT20]]
| matches4 = 20
| runs4 = 21
| bat avg4 = 21.00
| 100s/50s4 = 0/0
| top score4 = 13[[not out|*]]
| deliveries4 = 420
| wickets4 = 14
| bowl avg4 = 25.07
| fivefor4 = 0
| tenfor4 = 0
| best bowling4 = 2/5
| catches/stumpings4 = 4/–

| date = 30 October 2023
| source = https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1372/1372817/1372817.html CricketArchive
| medaltemplates = {{MedalCountry| {{IND}}}}
{{MedalSport|Women's [[Cricket]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Cricket at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2022 Asian Games|2022 Hangzhou]]|[[Cricket at the 2022 Asian Games|Team]]}}
}}
'''Anusha Bareddy''' (born 6 June 2003) is an Indian [[cricket]]er who currently plays for [[Andhra women's cricket team|Andhra]]. She plays as a [[Left-arm orthodox spin|slow left-arm orthodox]] [[Bowling (cricket)|bowler]].<ref name="Cricinfo">{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/cricketers/bareddy-anusha-1255374 |title=Player Profile: Bareddy Anusha |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="CricketArchive">{{cite web|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1972/1972559/1972559.html |title=Player Profile: Bareddy Anusha |work=CricketArchive |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref>

She made her international debut in July 2023, in a [[Women's Twenty20 International|Twenty20 International]] for [[India women's national cricket team|India]] against [[Bangladesh women's national cricket team|Bangladesh]].<ref name="t20idebut">{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/india-women-in-bangladesh-2023-1381943/bangladesh-women-vs-india-women-1st-t20i-1382163/match-report |title=Harmanpreet aces the chase after bowlers stifle Bangladesh |work=ESPNcricinfo |date=9 July 2023 |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref>

==Early life==
Anusha was born on 6 June 2003 in [[Anantapur]], [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref name="CricketArchive"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/2023/jul/10/anantapur-fields-to-india-debut-all-rounder-anusha-bareddys-fairytale-journey-2593097.html |title=Anantapur fields to India debut; All-rounder Anusha Bareddy's fairytale journey |work=The New Indian Express |date=10 July 2023 |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref>

==Domestic career==
Anusha made her debut for [[Andhra women's cricket team|Andhra]] in the [[2020–21 Women's Senior One Day Trophy]] against [[Uttar Pradesh women's cricket team|Uttar Pradesh]], taking 1/17 from her 10 overs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/1170/1170690.html |title=Andhra Women v Uttar Pradesh Women, 12 March 2021 |work=CricketArchive |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref> In the [[2022–23 Women's Senior One Day Trophy]], she took her maiden [[List A cricket|List A]] five-wicket haul, with 5/10 from 8.1 overs against [[Tripura women's cricket team|Tripura]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/1241/1241454.html |title=Andhra Women v Tripura Women, 27 January 2023 |work=CricketArchive |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref>

==International career==
In June 2023, Anusha played for India A at the [[2023 ACC Women's T20 Emerging Teams Asia Cup]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bcci.tv/articles/2023/news/55556005/bcci-announces-india-a-emerging-squad-for-acc-emerging-women-s-asia-cup-2023 |title=BCCI announces India 'A' (Emerging) squad for ACC Emerging Women's Asia Cup 2023 |work=Board of Control for Cricket in India |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref>

In July 2023, Anusha was named in her first [[India women's national cricket team|India]] squad, for the side's upcoming [[India women's cricket team in Bangladesh in 2023|series against Bangladesh]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Senior players missing as India name limited-overs squad for Bangladesh series |url=https://icc-cricket.com/news/3564768 |work=International Cricket Council |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref> She made her debut in the first [[Women's Twenty20 International|Twenty20 International]] of the series, bowling four overs for 24 runs.<ref name="t20idebut"/> She took her maiden T20I wicket in the second match of the series.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/india-women-in-bangladesh-2023-1381943/bangladesh-women-vs-india-women-2nd-t20i-1382164/full-scorecard |title=2nd T20I, Mirpur, July 11 2023, India Women tour of Bangladesh: Bangladesh Women v India Women |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref> She made her [[Women's One Day International|One Day International]] debut in the first ODI of the same series, bowling one over.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-women-s-championship-2022-23-2025-1308225/bangladesh-women-vs-india-women-1st-odi-1382166/full-scorecard |title=1st ODI, Mirpur, July 16 2023, India Women tour of Bangladesh: Bangladesh Women v India Women |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref> In September 2023, she was in India's squad for the [[Cricket at the 2022 Asian Games – Women's tournament|Asian Games]], but did not play a match.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bcci.tv/articles/2023/news/55556018/india-s-squad-for-19th-asian-games-hangzhou-2022-announced |title=Team India (Senior Women) squad for 19th Asian Games |work=Board of Control for Cricket in India |access-date=30 October 2023}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cricinfo|id=1255374}}
* {{cricketarchive|id=1972559}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bareddy, Anusha}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2003 births]]
[[Category:Cricketers from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian women cricketers]]
[[Category:India women One Day International cricketers]]
[[Category:India women Twenty20 International cricketers]]
[[Category:Andhra women cricketers]]
[[Category:Asian Games gold medalists in cricket]]
[[Category:Cricketers at the 2022 Asian Games]]
[[Category:Asian Games gold medalists for India]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 2022 Asian Games]]

Purana Dumka

2025-06-12T03:24:43Z

Silentbram: added information for clarity per standard format

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Purana Dumka
| other_name = Purani Dumka
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Census Town]]
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Jharkhand#India3
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Jharkhand, India
| coordinates = {{coord|24.256367|N|87.237278|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Jharkhand]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Dumka district|Dumka]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 1.15
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 10034
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages (*For language details see [[Dumka (community development block)#Language and religion]])
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = '''[[Santali language|Santali]]''' [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Urdu language|Urdu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 814110
| area_code_type = Telephone/ STD code
| area_code = 06434
| registration_plate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Dumka (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dumka]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Dumka (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dumka]]
| website = {{URL|dumka.nic.in/}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Purana Dumka''' (also spelled as '''Purani Dumka''') is a [[census town]] in [[Dumka (community development block)|Dumka]] [[Community development blocks in India|CD block]] in Dumka subdivision of [[Dumka district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Jharkhand]].

==Geography==
{{OSM Location map
| width=450| height=350| zoom=9
| coord={{coord|24|14|0|N|87|5|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Cities, towns and locations in the Deoghar, Dumka and Jamtara districts in Santhal Pargana Division''' M: Municipality, CT: census town, R: Rural/ Urban centre, D: Dam, Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|24|7|14|N|86|52|0|E}} | label-pos1=top|label1= Chitra | numbered1=R| mark-title1=[[Chitra, Deoghar]] (R)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #C40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|24|21|28|N|86|53|56|E}} | label-pos2=right|label2= Sonaraithari| numbered2=R| mark-title2=[[Sonaraithari, Deoghar]] (R)
|mark-coord3={{coord|24|26|20|N|86|30|45|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3= Devipur| numbered3=R| mark-title3=[[Devipur, Deoghar (village)]] (R)
|mark-coord4={{coord|24|7|38|N|86|44|41|E}} | label-pos4=left|label4= Karon| numbered4=R| mark-title4=[[Karon, Deoghar (village)]] (R)
|mark-coord5={{coord|24|9|54|N|86|35|15|E}} | label-pos5=right|label5= Margomunda| numbered5=R| mark-title5=[[Margomunda, Deoghar]] (R)
|mark-coord6={{coord|24|29|41|N|86|46|49|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= Mohanpur| numbered6=R| mark-title6=[[Mohanpur, Deoghar (village)]] (R)
|mark-coord7={{coord|24|14|39|N|87|1|28|E}} | label-pos7=left|label7= Palojori| numbered7=R| mark-title7=[[Palojori, Deoghar]] (R)
|mark-coord8={{coord|24|14|12|N|86|50|16|E}} | label-pos8=bottom|label8= Sarath| numbered8=R| mark-title8=[[Sarath, Deoghar (village)]] (R)
|mark-coord9={{coord|24|23|10|N|86|46|23|E}} | label-pos9=top|label9= Sarwan| numbered9=R| mark-title9=[[Sarwan, Deoghar (village)]] (R)
|mark-coord10={{coord|24|26|10|N|87|28|55|E}} | label-pos10=left|label10= Gopikandar| numbered10=R| mark-title10=[[Gopikandar, Dumka]] (R)
|mark-coord11={{coord|24|36|2|N|87|4|56|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11= Hansdiha| numbered11=R| mark-title11=[[Hansdiha]] (R)
|mark-coord12={{coord|24|22|40|N|87|15|52|E}} | label-pos12=left|label12= Jama| numbered12=R| mark-title12=[[Jama, Dumka (village)]] (R)
|mark-coord13={{coord|24|24|10|N|87|2|47|E}} | label-pos13=top|label13= Jarmundi| numbered13=R| mark-title13=[[Jarmundi, Dumka]] (R)
|mark-coord14={{coord|24|21|0|N|87|25|11|E}} | label-pos14=left|label14= Kathikund| numbered14=R| mark-title14=[[Kathikund, Dumka]] (R)
|mark-coord15={{coord|24|10|20|N|87|39|10|E}} | label-pos15=left|label15= Maluti| numbered15=R| mark-title15=[[Maluti]] (R)
|mark-coord16={{coord|24|8|40|N|87|10|42|E}} | label-pos16=bottom|label16= Masalia| numbered16=R| mark-title16=[[Masalia, Dumka (village)]] (R)
|mark-coord17={{coord|24|10|0|N|87|10|42|E}} | label-pos17=left|label17= Ramgarh| numbered17=R| mark-title17=[[Ramgarh, Dumka (village)]] (R)
|mark-coord18={{coord|24|2|17|N|87|25|20|E}} | label-pos18=top|label18= Ranishwar| numbered18=R| mark-title18=[[Ranishwar, Dumka]] (R)
|mark-coord19={{coord|24|34|30|N|87|0|47|E}} | label-pos19=right|label19= Saraiyahat| numbered19=R| mark-title19=[[Saraiyahat, Dumka]] (R)
|mark-coord20={{coord|24|14|39|N|87|28|15|E}} | label-pos20=left|label20= Shikaripara| numbered20=R| mark-title20=[[Shikaripara, Dumka]] (R)
|mark-coord21={{coord|24|25|26|N|86|55|2|E}} | label-pos21=top|label21= Taljhari| numbered21=R| mark-title21=[[Taljhari, Dumka]] (R)
|mark-coord22={{coord|24|3|40|N|87|15|20|E}} | label-pos22=left|label22= Tongra| numbered22=R| mark-title22=[[Tongra]] (R)
|mark-coord23={{coord|23|53|10|N|87|13|33|E}} | label-pos23=left|label23= Bagdahari| numbered23=R| mark-title23=[[Bagdahari]] (R)
|mark-coord24={{coord|23|58|58|N|87|6|9|E}} | label-pos24=left|label24= Basudih| numbered24=R| mark-title24=[[Basudih]] (R)
|mark-coord25={{coord|24|0|0|N|86|55|39|E}} | label-pos25=left|label25= Bindapathar| numbered25=R| mark-title25=[[Bindapathar]] (R)
|mark-coord26={{coord|24|6|55|N|86|59|51|E}} | label-pos26=bottom|label26= Fatehpur| numbered26=R| mark-title26=[[Fatehpur, Jamtara]] (R)
|mark-coord27={{coord|23|58|34|N|87|9|31|E}} | label-pos27=top|label27= Kundahit| numbered27=R| mark-title27=[[Kundahit]] (R)
|mark-coord28={{coord|23|55|25|N|87|2|7|E}} | label-pos28=left|label28= Nala| numbered28=R| mark-title28=[[Nala, Jamtara]] (R)
|mark-coord29={{coord|24|2|52|N|86|36|53|E}} | label-pos29=bottom|label29= Narayanpur| numbered29=R| mark-title29=[[Narayanpur, Jamtara]] (R)
|mark-coord30={{coord|24|28|48|N|86|42|20|E}} | label-pos30=bottom|label30=Deoghar| numbered30=M| mark-title30= [[Deoghar]] (M) |label-color30=#800000
|mark-coord31={{coord|24|31|19|N|86|38|51|E}} | label-pos31=right|label31=Jasidih| numbered31=M| mark-title31= [[Jasidih]] (M) |label-color31=#800000
|mark-coord32={{coord|24|15|36|N|86|39|0|E}} | label-pos32=bottom|label32=Madhupur| numbered32=M| mark-title32= [[Madhupur, Deoghar]] (M) |label-color32=#800000
|mark-coord33={{coord|24|16|32|N|87|16|10|E}} | label-pos33=right|label33=Dumka| numbered33=M| mark-title33= [[Dumka]] (M) |label-color33=#800000
|mark-coord34={{coord|24|24|30|N|87|5|0|E}} | label-pos34=right|label34=Basukinath| numbered34=M| mark-title34= [[Basukinath]] (M) |label-color34=#800000
|mark-coord35={{coord|23|57|47|N|86|48|5|E}} | label-pos35=bottom|label35=Jamtara| numbered35=M| mark-title35= [[Jamtara]] (M) |label-color35=#800000
|mark-coord36={{coord|23|52|12|N|86|52|12|E}} | label-pos36=top|label36=Mihijam| numbered36=M| mark-title36= [[Mihijam]] (M) |label-color36=#800000
|mark-coord37={{coord|24|5|38|N|86|42|15|E}}| label-pos37=left|label37=Karmatanr| numbered37=CT| mark-title37= [[Karmatanr, Jamtara]] (CT) |shape-color37= #A40000
|mark-coord38={{coord|24|17|15|N|87|13|50|E}}| label-pos38=left|label38=Dudhani| numbered38=CT| mark-title38= [[Dudhani, Dumka]] (CT) |shape-color38= #A40000
|mark-coord39={{coord|24|16|10|N|87|14|14|E}}| label-pos39=bottom|label39=Purana |labela39= Dumka| numbered39=CT| mark-title39= Purana Dumka (CT)|shape-color39=black| label-size39=13|label-color39=black
|mark-coord40={{coord|24|18|30|N|87|15|19|E}}| label-pos40=left|label40=Rasikpur| numbered40=CT| mark-title40= [[Rasikpur]] (CT) |shape-color40= #A40000
|mark-coord41={{coord|24|6|24|N|87|18|30|E}}| label41= Massanjore|labela41= Dam| label-color41 = #C42222 | label-angle41=0| label-pos41=top| label-size41=10| mark-size41=12| numbered41=D|mark-title41 =[[Massanjore Dam]]| shape-color41=#C42222
|mark-coord42={{coord|23|55|30|N|86|35|0|E}} |label42=Barakar River| label-color42 = #77A1CB| label-angle42=30| label-pos42=top| label-size42=10| mark-size42=0| mark-title42 =none
|mark-coord43={{coord|24|5|0|N|86|47|0|E}} |label43=Ajay River| label-color43 = #77A1CB| label-angle43=70| label-pos43=top| label-size43=10| mark-size43=0| mark-title43 =none
|mark-coord44={{coord|24|28|0|N|87|5|0|E}} |label44=Mayurakshi River| label-color44 = #77A1CB| label-angle44=30| label-pos44=top| label-size44=10| mark-size44=0| mark-title44 =none
|arc-coordA={{coord|24|35|0|N|86|35|0|E}}|arc-textA= BIHAR| arc-text-colorA=hard grey| arc-angleA=-30| arc-gapA=6.5| arc-radiusA=0.35
|arc-coordB={{coord|23|50|30|N|87|25|0|E}}|arc-textB= WEST BENGAL| arc-text-colorB=hard grey| arc-angleB=-75| arc-gapB=3.5| arc-radiusB=0.4}}

===Location===
Purana Dumka is located at {{coord|24.256367|N|87.237278|E|display=inline}}.

===Overview===
The map shows a large area, which is a plateau with low hills, except in the eastern portion where the Rajmahal hills intrude into this area and the Ramgarh hills are there. The south-western portion is just a rolling upland. The entire area is overwhelmingly rural with only small pockets of urbanisation.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.3120/page/n1/mode/2up |title = Bihar District Gazetteers: Santhal Parganas| first= P.C.|last=Roychoudhury | work= Chapter I: General |publisher= Secretariat Press, Patna, 1965 | accessdate = 10 November 2020}}</ref>

Note: The full screen map is interesting. All places marked on the map are linked in the full screen map and one can easily move on to another page of his/her choice. Enlarge the full screen map to see what else is there – one gets railway connections, many more road connections and so on.

===Area===
Purana Dumka has an area of 1.15 km2.<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2017_PART_B_DCHB_DUMKA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Dumka, Series 21, Part XII B| work= Page 25: District Primary Census Abstract, 2011 census |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | accessdate = 8 November 2020}}</ref>

==Demographics==
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Purana Dumka had a total population of 10,034, of which 5,343 (53%) were males and 4,691 (47%) were females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 1,387. The total number of literate persons in Purana Dumka was 8,647 (83.17% of the population over 6 years).<ref name=census2011/>

==Infrastructure==
According to the ''District Census Handbook 2011, Dumka'', Purani Dumka covered an area of 1.15 km2. Among the civic amenities, it had 50 km roads with both open and closed drains, the protected water supply involved uncovered well, hand pump. It had 1,591 domestic electric connections, 125 road light points. Among the medical facilities, it had 4 hospitals, 1 dispensary, 1 health centre, 1 family welfare centre, 2 maternity and child welfare centres, 2 maternity homes, 2 nursing home, 2 veterinary hospital, 1 medicine shop. Among the educational facilities it had 4 primary schools, 1 middle school. Two important items it produced were furniture, earthen pots. It had the branch offices of 1 nationalised bank, 1 agricultural credit society.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2017_PART_A_DCHB_DUMKA.pdf | title = District Census Handbook Dumka, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= 705-709| publisher = Directorate of census Operations, Jharkhand |accessdate = 8 November 2020}}</ref>

==Transport==
[[Dumka railway station]], on the [[Jasidih-Dumka-Rampurhat line]], is located nearby.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/rampurhat-jasidih-passenger-53081/22273/439/9610 |title = Rampurhat-Jasidih Passenger| work= Time Table |publisher= IndiaRailInfo| accessdate = 8 November 2020}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Santhal Parganas Division}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Dumka district]]

Prakash Rana

2025-02-28T14:34:59Z

Silentbram: Stub!

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}

'''Prakash Rana''' (born 1962)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Prakash Prem Kumar(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- JOGINDERNAGAR(MANDI) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/himachalpradesh2022/candidate.php?candidate_id=88 |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=myneta.info}}</ref> is an Indian politician from [[Himachal Pradesh]]. He is a member of the [[Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] from [[Jogindernagar Assembly constituency]] in [[Mandi district]]. He won the [[2022 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] representing the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2017-12-19 |title=NRI from Saudi crushes Anurag Thakur's father-in-law |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nri-from-saudi-crushes-anurags-father-in-law/articleshow/62127569.cms |access-date=2024-12-08 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Rana is from Gulvan village, Mandi district, Himachal Pradesh.<ref name=":1" /> He is the son of Prem Kumar. He studied Class 10 and passed the matriculation examinations conducted by the [[Himachal Pradesh Board of School Education]].<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Rana won from Jogindernagar Assembly constituency representing the Bharatiya Janata Party in the 2022 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election. He polled 33,782 votes and defeated his nearest rival, Surender Paul Thakur of the [[Indian National Congress]], by a margin of 4,339 votes.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-06-08 |title=Himachal Pradesh: Two independent MLAs Prakash Rana and Hoshiya Singh join BJP |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/shimla/himachal-pradesh-two-independent-mlas-prakash-rana-and-hoshiya-singh-join-bjp/articleshow/92085227.cms |access-date=2024-12-08 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jogindernagar Election Result 2022 LIVE Updates: Prakash Prem Kumar Of BJP Wins |url=https://www.news18.com/news/elections/jogindernagar-election-result-2022-live-updates-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-6561697.html |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> He became an MLA for the first time winning the [[2017 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] as an independent candidate. He defeated [[Gulab Singh Thakur]], father in law of union minister [[Anurag Thakur]]. In July 2022, he joined the BJP and was nominated to contest again from Jogindernagar seat.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-06-08 |title=Himachal Pradesh: Two independent MLAs Prakash Rana and Hoshiya Singh join BJP |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/shimla/himachal-pradesh-two-independent-mlas-prakash-rana-and-hoshiya-singh-join-bjp/articleshow/92085227.cms |access-date=2024-12-08 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rana, Prakash}}
[[Category:1962 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Himachal Pradesh MLAs 2017–2022]]
[[Category:Himachal Pradesh MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:People from Mandi district]]

Chetti Thanuja Rani

2025-02-24T17:58:24Z

Silentbram: Made redirect

#redirect [[Gumma Thanuja Rani]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from merge}}
{{R from birth name}}
}}

Kherai

2025-01-22T05:27:09Z

Silentbram: put up article

{{Short description|Religious festival of Boros}}
{{Infobox holiday
| type = Religious Festivals
| longtype =
| holiday_name = Kherai
| image = Kherai_Dance_of_Assam.jpg
| caption = Kherai of [[Boro people|Boros]]
| official_name = Kherai
| nickname =
| observedby = [[Boro people]]
| ends =
| duration = 3 days
| date = In the months of ''Kartik, Ashar, Magh'' and whenever a family requires
| celebrations =
| observances =
| relatedto = [[Ker puja]] of [[Tripuri people|Tripuris]]
| frequency =
}}

'''Kherai''' is the greatest religious festival of [[Boro people|Boro]]s. Boros are agriculturalists and their relation with agriculture resonates in their festivals.<ref>{{harvcol|Brahma|1998|p=100}}</ref> Kherai festival is performed for the welfare of public and private lives as well as for good harvest.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-01 |title=Religion and magic: The Kherai puja of the Bodo community of Assam |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/culture/story/religion-and-magic-kherai-puja-bodo-community-assam-390899-2019-05-01 |access-date=2022-12-20 |website=India Today NE |language=en}}</ref> It is intended to appease Bathou or Sibrai along with Mainao or Lakhsmi <ref>''"The Kherai puja is meant for 'Mainao' or '[[Lakshmi]]', the goddess of wealth, and welfare. So it is also called 'Lakshmi Kherai'. It is also known as 'Sali Kherai', since it is connected with 'Sali' or winter crop."{{harvcol|Brahma|1998|pp=102}}''</ref> (The Goddess of Harvest) and host of other deities.<ref>"(T)he deity of adoration of the Bodo-Kacharis along with 'Mainao' (the Goddess of Harvest)"{{harvcol|Bordoloi|1987|p=9}}</ref> It is of four kinds, namely Darshan kherai celebrated in first week of Kartik, Umrao kherai celebrated during Ashara at the end of "Amthisua", Phalo kherai celebrated at full moon day of Magh and Nowaoni Kherai celebrated whenever the family needs to. Darshan kherai is connected to Sali crops and it is meant for Mainao or Lakshmi. Umrao kherai is performed for the well-being of villagers as well as the Ashu crops. Nowaoni kherai is performed to get out of trouble by the family. There are similarities between [[Ker puja]] of [[Tripuri people|Tripuris]] and Kherai puja of Boros.<ref>{{harvcol|Brahma|1998|pp=102-103}}</ref>

==Rituals and Practices==
Kherai dances form the main ritual of Kherai. For a period of three days and nights, Kherai dances are performed to revere the holy Bathou and other deities. Doudini or Deodhani (female exorcist) is the chief dancer and all rituals are performed by her and she is guided by the Douri, the Ojha and a Githal. Also two drum beaters, two flautists and two "Jotha" players are necessary to perform Kherai.<ref>{{harvcol|Brahma|1998|p=105}}</ref><ref>{{harvcol|Devi|1994|p=69}}</ref>

During Kherai, first, the [[Bodo people#Social groups|Ojha]] enchants a spell on the Doudini and it is called "Alongikhangnai", second, she falls in trance, and in the third stage, she is believed to be converted into a spiritual being. Then she sings tales of gods and goddesses. Also, She dances which resemble the nature of gods and goddesses.<ref>{{harvcol|Brahma|1998|p=106}}</ref>

Dance forms of the Doudini<ref>{{harvcol|Hajowary|2022|pp=23–27}}</ref> are 1.Doudini Onsranai 2.Bathou Tharnai Eba Phwtharnai 3.Damju Phetharnai 4.Buhum Ha Swrjini 5.Dahal-Thungri Shibnai Mwsanai 6.Sa Gwlao Bonai Mwsanai 7.Khwijwma Fonai 8.Thungri Lanai 9.Gandwola Bwnnai 10.Khopri sibnai mwsanai 11.Khamao Barkhwnai mwsanai 12.Badali Birnai mwsanai 13.Mwicha Gelenai mwsanai 14.Bhathou Gidingnai 15.Nao bhasainai 16.Muphur Gelenai 17.Mainao Borainai 18.Mwcha Gelenai 19.Gorai Dabranai 20.Nao Jaoni 21.Dao Thwi Lwngnai Mwsanai 22.Zaraphagla Mwsanai 23.Thenthamali Mwsanai 24.Lantha Gurzi Mwsanai 25.Daowang Buthua Mwsanai 26.Saoria-Daoria Mwsanai 27.Maozi Mengbrang Gelenai 28.Neolai Gelenai Mwsanai 29.Mwchaglangnai mwsanai.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin|}}
*{{Cite book|last=Brahma|first=Kameswar|url=https://repository.tribal.gov.in/handle/123456789/73874|publisher=Tribal Research Institute of Assam|title=A Study in Cultural Heritage of the Boros|year=1998}}
*{{Cite book| last=Bordoloi|first=B.N.|url=https://repository.tribal.gov.in/bitstream/123456789/73786/1/AIRT_1987_0001_book.pdf|publisher=Tribal Research Institute of Assam|title=Tribes if Assam Part I|year=1987}}
*{{Cite book|last=Devi|first=Premalata|url=https://repository.tribal.gov.in/bitstream/123456789/73841/1/AIRT_1994_0001_report.pdf|publisher=Tribal Research Institute of Assam|title=Social and Religious institutions of Boros|year=1994}}
*{{Cite journal |last=Hajowary |first=Tapasi |date=2022-07-14 |title=The Dance forms of a Doudini in Kherai festival of the Bodos of Assam: An analytical study from religious perspective |url=https://www.granthaalayahpublication.org/Arts-Journal/ShodhKosh/article/view/148 |journal=ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts |language=en |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=22–30 |doi=10.29121/shodhkosh.v3.i2.2022.148 |issn=2582-7472|doi-access=free }}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Religious festivals in India]]
[[Category:Culture of Assam]]

2014 Professional Golf Tour of India

2024-12-24T18:48:30Z

Silentbram: Started New Details - done

{{short description|Golf tour season}}
{{use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox golf season
| year = 2014
| tour = Professional Golf Tour of India
| regular_season = {{Start date|2014|1|29|df=y}} – {{end date|2014|12|28|df=y}}
| no_of_events = 20
| most_wins = {{flagicon|IND}} [[S. Chikkarangappa]] (4)
| honor1 = Order of Merit
| honoree1 = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Shankar Das (golfer)|Shankar Das]]
| honor2 =
| honoree2 =
| honor3 =
| honoree3 =
| honor4 =
| honoree4 =
| prevseason = [[2013 Professional Golf Tour of India|2013]]
| nextseason = [[2015 Professional Golf Tour of India|2015]]
}}
The '''2014 Professional Golf Tour of India''' was the eighth season of the [[Professional Golf Tour of India]], the main [[professional golf tour]] in India since it was formed in 2006.

==Schedule==
The following table lists official events during the 2014 season.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://pgtofindia.com/tournaments/08 |title=2014 Tournament schedule |publisher=Professional Golf Tour of India |access-date=2 January 2023}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%"
!Date !! Tournament !! Location !! Purse ([[Indian rupee|₹]]) !! Winner{{efn|The number in brackets after each winner's name is the number of Professional Golf Tour of India events they had won up to and including that tournament.}} !! [[Official World Golf Ranking|OWGR]] points !! Other tours{{efn|ADT − [[Asian Development Tour]]; ASA − [[Asian Tour]].}}
|-
| 1 Feb || Ahmedabad Masters || Gujarat || align=right|5,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Anirban Lahiri]] (14) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 9 Feb || Standard Chartered Open || Sri Lanka || align=right|US$50,000 || {{flagicon|SRI}} [[Mithun Perera]] (4) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 15 Feb || Eagleburg Open || Karnataka || align=right|3,000,000 || {{flagicon|SRI}} [[Mithun Perera]] (5) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 1 Mar || [[SAIL-SBI Open]] || Delhi || align=right|US$300,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Rashid Khan (golfer)|Rashid Khan]] (5) || align=center|14 || [[2014 Asian Tour|ASA]]
|-
| 5 Apr || PGTI Players Championship (Coimbatore) || Tamil Nadu || align=right|3,000,000 || {{flagicon|SRI}} [[K. Prabagaran]] (1) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 12 Apr || Cochin Masters || Kerala || align=right|5,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Shubhankar Sharma]] (1) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 26 Apr || Surya Nepal Masters || Nepal || align=right|3,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[S. Chikkarangappa]] (2) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 5 Jul || J&K Bank Pahalgam Masters || Jammu and Kashmir || align=right|3,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Om Prakash Chouhan]] (3) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 12 Jul || Kashmir Masters || Jammu and Kashmir || align=right|5,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[S. Chikkarangappa]] (3) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 3 Oct || Eagleburg Masters || Karnataka || align=right|5,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Rashid Khan (golfer)|Rashid Khan]] (6) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 10 Oct || BILT Open || Delhi || align=right|10,000,000 || {{flagicon|SRI}} [[Anura Rohana]] (3) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 17 Oct || PGTI Players Championship (Noida) || Uttar Pradesh || align=right|3,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Khalin Joshi]] (1) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 1 Nov || [[TAKE Solutions India Masters]] || Karnataka || align=right|US$70,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[S. Chikkarangappa]] (4) || align=center|6 || [[2014 Asian Development Tour|ADT]]
|-
| 9 Nov || [[Panasonic Open India]] || Delhi || align=right|US$300,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Shiv Chawrasia]] (4) || align=center|14 || [[2014 Asian Tour|ASA]]
|-
| 15 Nov || Chief Minister's Meghalaya Open Golf || Meghalaya || align=right|4,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Sanjay Kumar (golfer)|Sanjay Kumar]] (2) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 22 Nov || IndianOil Servo Masters Golf || Assam || align=right|3,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Shamim Khan]] (8) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 6 Dec || CG Open || Maharashtra || align=right|10,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[S. Chikkarangappa]] (5) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 12 Dec || Noida Masters || Uttar Pradesh || align=right|4,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Amardip Sinh Malik]] (1) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 21 Dec || Tata Open || Jharkhand || align=right|7,500,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Om Prakash Chouhan]] (4) || align=center|n/a ||
|-
| 28 Dec || McLeod Russel Tour Championship || West Bengal || align=right|15,000,000 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Shankar Das (golfer)|Shankar Das]] (5) || align=center|n/a ||
|}

==Order of Merit==
The [[Professional Golf Tour of India#Order of Merit winners|Order of Merit]] was titled as the '''Rolex Rankings''' and was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in [[Indian rupee]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pgtofindia.com/ |title=2014 Rolex Rankings |publisher=Professional Golf Tour of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150117184154/http://www.pgtofindia.com:80/ |archive-date=17 January 2015 |access-date=2 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/shankar-das-wins-mcleod-russel-tour-rolex-player-year-title-2020127.html |title=Shankar Das: Wins Mcleod Russel tour and Rolex player of the year title |work=Firstpost |date=29 December 2014 |access-date=10 October 2023 |quote=Das pocketed a handsome pay cheque of Rs 2,377,500, the highest ever for a domestic tournament in India en route to the Order of Merit title.}}</ref>

{|class=wikitable
! Position !! Player !! Prize money ([[Indian rupee|₹]])
|-
| align=center|1 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Shankar Das (golfer)|Shankar Das]] || align=center|5,432,067
|-
| align=center|2 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[S. Chikkarangappa]] || align=center|4,715,336
|-
| align=center|3 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Om Prakash Chouhan]] || align=center|4,293,750
|-
| align=center|4 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Rashid Khan (golfer)|Rashid Khan]] || align=center|2,983,050
|-
| align=center|5 || {{flagicon|IND}} [[Mukesh Kumar (golfer)|Mukesh Kumar]] || align=center|2,682,728
|}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{official site|https://www.pgtofindia.com/}}

{{PGTI seasons}}

[[Category:Professional Golf Tour of India seasons]]
[[Category:2014 in golf|India, Professional Golf Tour of]]
[[Category:2014 in Indian sport|Professional Golf Tour of India]]

Manish Pitambare

2024-07-16T06:30:42Z

Silentbram: enhance section for accuracy and added references as per guidelines

{{Short description|Indian army officer}}
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix = [[Major (rank)|Major]]
| name = Manish Pitambare
| honorific_suffix = [[Kirti Chakra|KC]]
| image = File:Manish Pitambare.jpg
| image_size = 250 px
| caption = Major Manish Pitambare
| birth_date = 1975
| death_date = 27 November 2006
| birth_place =
| death_place = [[Bijbehara]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[India]]
| placeofburial =
| placeofburial_label =
| nickname =
| allegiance = {{flagicon|India}} [[India]]
| branch = {{Army|India}}
| serviceyears = 1996–2006
| rank = [[File:Major of the Indian Army.svg|20px]] [[Major (rank)|Major]]
| unit = [[Parachute Regiment (India)|3 Para]]
| commands =
| battles =
| awards = [[File:Kirti Chakra ribbon.svg|25 px]] [[Kirti Chakra]]
| relations =
| laterwork =
}}

Major '''Manish Pitambare''' [[Kirti Chakra|KC]] was an [[Indian Army]] officer who posthumously received the [[Kirti Chakra]], India's second highest peacetime gallantry decoration.

==Education==
After obtaining his [[Secondary School Certificate]] with marks of almost 90%, Pitambare joined the [[Services Preparatory Institute]] (SPI) in [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]], [[Maharashtra]] and then prepared for the [[National Defence Academy (India)|National Defence Academy]] (NDA).<ref name="obit">{{cite news|url=http://in.rediff.com/news/2006/nov/28obit.htm|title=An obituary for Major Manish Pitambare|last=Dhuri|first=Shailesh|date=28 November 2006|publisher=Rediff News, India|accessdate=2009-08-10}}</ref> He went on to join the NDA in [[Pune]], and went on to the [[Indian Military Academy]] (IMA). He commissioned into the Indian Army in 1996.<ref name="sms-thane">{{cite news|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/sms-to-thane-death-on-duty-in-j&k/17616/2|title=SMS to Thane, death on duty in J&K|last=Rangnekar|first=Prashant|date=30 November 2006|publisher=The Indian Express Limited|accessdate=2009-08-10}}</ref> He was made a [[Major (rank)|Major]] before the age of 31.<ref name="obit"/>

==Military career==
Pitambare was part of the team that tracked down [[Al-Badr (Jammu and Kashmir)|Al-Badr]] militant Toufik Akmal, wanted for his suspected links to the [[11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings]].<ref name="sms-thane"/>

In 2006, Pitambare was serving with the 3rd battalion of the [[Parachute Regiment (India)|Parachute Regiment]] and was on counter-insurgency operations in the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. On 27 November 2006, during a night-long gun battle in south Kashmir's [[Bijbehara]], Pitambare shot dead Suhail Faizal, one of [[Hizbul Mujahideen]]’s top commanders in [[Kashmir]].<ref name="sms-thane"/> He was later killed in the same battle.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2006/nov/28hizb.htm|title=Army major, Hizb terrorist killed in Kashmir encounter|last=Ahmad|first=Mukhtar|date=28 November 2006|publisher=Rediff India Abroad|accessdate=2009-08-10}}</ref>

In January 2007, Pitambare was posthumously awarded the [[Kirti Chakra]], India's second highest peacetime gallantry award.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=219436|title=Western Command GOC-in-C to receive award|date=26 January 2007|publisher=Indian Express Newspapers (Mumbai) Ltd|accessdate=2009-08-10}}{{dead link|date=February 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Pitambare married his wife Mughda in 2003 and the couple had a daughter, Yukta, in 2005.<ref name="sms-thane"/>

==References==
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pitambare, Manish}}
[[Category:Indian Army officers]]
[[Category:1975 births]]
[[Category:2006 deaths]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kirti Chakra]]

Deogarh, Uttar Pradesh

2024-01-20T14:51:27Z

Silentbram: Added New Post

{{Other uses|Deogarh (disambiguation){{!}}Deogarh}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Deogarh
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = te
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Village]]
| image_skyline = Devgarha2.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = The Shantinath Temple columns in the fort show [[Jain]] monks
| pushpin_map = India#India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_relief = yes
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|24.526|N|78.238|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lalitpur district, Uttar Pradesh|Lalitpur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = [[Gram panchayat]]

| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name=census>{{cite web|title=District Census Handbook - Lalitpur|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0936_PART_B_DCHB_LALITPUR.pdf |website=Census of India|access-date=15 November 2015|page=xiii,104}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 10.49
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 211
| population_total = 783
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 284403
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 0517
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Deogarh''' is a village in [[Lalitpur district, Uttar Pradesh|Lalitpur district]] of the [[India]]n state of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. It is located on the right bank of [[Betwa River]] and to the west of Lalitpur hills. It is known for [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] monuments and for many ancient monuments of [[Jainism|Jain]] origins inside and outside the walls of the fort.<ref name=census /><ref name=Titze>{{Cite book|last=Titze|first=Kurt|author2=Klaus Bruhn|title= Jainism: a Pictorial guide to the religion of non-violence|work=Deogarh|pages=102–106|access-date=2010-01-03|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=loQkEIf8z5wC&q=Deogarh+Uttar+Pradesh&pg=PA105|publisher= Motilal Banarsidass Publ.|year=1998|isbn=81-208-1534-3}}</ref><ref name=asian>{{Cite book|title=Studies in south Asian culture, Part 3|work=Deogarh|pages=1–29|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2K83AAAAIAAJ&q=ASI+-Archeological+Museum+at+Deogarh&pg=PR15|author=Universiteit van Amsterdam and Institute of South Asian Archaeology|publisher=Brill Archive|year=1958}}</ref>

The fort on the hill is dominated by a cluster of [[Jain temple]]s on its eastern part, the oldest of these dating to the 8th or 9th century. Apart from Jain temples, the wall frescoes of Jain images of "iconographic and the stylistic variety", are special features of the fort. The three [[ghats]] (ghat means "flight of stone steps leading to the river"), which provide approach to the Betwa river edge from the fort – the Nahar Ghat, the Rajghat and the ghat with the Siddh ki Ghufa (saints cave) – are also of [[archeological]] significance.

The Deogarh monuments are protected by the Department of Archaeology of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] (ASI), and managed through its Northern Circle Office located in [[Agra]]. ASI maintain an archaeological museum at the Deogarh site, which is noted for its treasured archaeological sculptures.<ref name="asian p.7">Studies in south Asian culture, p. 7</ref>

==Etymology==
"Deogarh" derives from the [[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit]] ''Deo'' and ''garh'', "God" and "fort", compounded to mean "fort of the Gods". This term, "House of God", is also widely used as a place name for villages in the vicinity of temples within fort-walls throughout India.<ref name="Titze p.103">Titze p.103</ref>

==Geography==
{{Further|Lalitpur district, Uttar Pradesh}}
Deogarh village, which has an area of {{convert|1049.15|km2|mi2}},<ref name=census />{{Rp|104}} lies on the right bank of the [[Betwa]] River, at the point where it joins the reservoir formed by the [[Rajghat Dam]]. The village also has two rock cut valleys known as ''Nahar Ghati'' (ghati means "valley") and Raj Ghati on its southern side along the river. The village is at the western end of the Lalitpur hill range, situated {{convert|33|km|mi}} south-east from [[Lalitpur, India|Lalitpur]] town in Lalitpur district, {{convert|125|km|mi}} south of the divisional administrative centre at [[Jhansi]], and 235 km from [[Gwalior]]. The nearest railway station is {{convert|12|km|mi}} away at [[Jhaklon]].<ref name=Lucknow>{{Cite web|url=http://asilucknowcircle.nic.in/fancybox/pdf/Deogarh%20English.pdf|title= Deogarh|access-date=24 August 2016|publisher=Archaeological Survey of India Lucknow Circle}}</ref> The village has an average elevation of {{convert|211|m|ft}}.<ref name=tourism>{{Cite web|url=http://www.up-tourism.com/destination/deogarh/intro.htm|title=Deogarh|access-date=2010-03-21|publisher=Uttra Pradesh Tourism, Government of Uttar Pradesh|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103181831/http://up-tourism.com/destination/deogarh/intro.htm|archive-date=3 January 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

The fort of Deogarh is in a valley which generally has a gentle slope. The valley is formed by the Betwa River at the western end of the hills of the [[Vindhya Range]]. Known earlier as Vetravati (Sanskrit, meaning "containing reeds"), the Betwa River is a tributary of the [[Yamuna River]], and skirts the fort hill on its southern side. The river, flowing at a bend near the fort, has a rocky bed. It flows in a cascade of deep pools with steep rocky banks of sandstone formations. The fort is located on a precipice of the steep cliff, just above the river on its right bank.<ref name="Titze p.102-103">Titze pp. 102–103</ref>

==Demographics==
According to the 2011 Census, the population of the Deogarh village was 783 spread over 152 households.<ref name=census />{{Rp|104}} [[Hindi]] and [[Bundeli]] are the languages spoken in the area.<ref name=tourism/> The distribution of male and female population was 406 and 377 respectively. The village had the presence of 331 [[Schedule Tribe]] population (165 male and 166 female) and one male of [[Schedule Caste]]. The literacy rate recorded was 377 persons (211 male and 110 female).<ref name=census />{{Rp|105}}

==History==
Deogarh's strategic location in Northern India on the ancient route to the [[Deccan Plateau]] made it a historically important place. It was part of the Bundelkhand region which had trade and cultural links with the Deccan. Its [[antiquarian]], archaeological and [[epigraphical]] importance are linked to the [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] period and the [[Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty|Gurjara-Prathihara]]s during the 9th century (an inscription dated 862 found on the Shantinath temple attests this), the [[Chandela]] rulers in the 11th century, [[Gonds]], the [[Muslim]] rulers of [[Delhi]], the [[Marathas]] and the [[British Raj|British era]]s.<ref name=Lucknow/><ref name=Hindu>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/mag/2003/08/24/stories/2003082400380800.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031207193259/http://www.hinduonnet.com/mag/2003/08/24/stories/2003082400380800.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=7 December 2003|title= Fortress of the gods|access-date=2010-01-05|work= [[The Hindu]]|date=2003-08-24}}</ref><ref name="asianp31">Studies in south Asian culture, pp.31, 62-69</ref> During the Jaina period temples were built in the Nagara style of architecture from 8th to 9th centuries extending to 17th century AD. In the Siddha-ki gufa (cave) near Raj Ghati valley inscriptions dated from 1285 to 1751 have been found.<ref name=Lucknow/>

The earliest religious influence in the Deogarh area can be traced to the Gupta period (320-550), (on the basis of an inscription on the Nahar Ghati<ref name=Lucknow/>) known as the "golden period" of [[History of India|Indian history]]. This was followed by the Jain period between the 8th and 17th centuries, where innumerable temples have been traced.<ref name="Titze p.103"/><ref name="asianp31"/>
[[File:Deogarh1918.png|right|thumb|The Shantinath Temple (right) in the Jain temple complex in 1918 before restoration]]

The present village's history has not been examined at depth, even though many inscriptions have been located in the fort and the valley, relating to various stylistic and [[Palaeography|palaeographical]] denominations. Although the dynasties who ruled over the territory are known, who built what is not clear, except for the [[Jainism|Jain]] temples, which were built by the merchant Jain community. More archaeological explorations would therefore be essential, to establish the linkages of building activities with the dynasties who ruled over the territory, considering the enormous amount of Hindu and Jain temple remains and artifacts found here.<ref name="Titze p.103"/>

The earliest history of Deogarh is that of the architectural evolution traced to the ancient Gupta period, which flourished between the 4th and 6th centuries in [[Northern India]]. During this period, the arts, science and literature saw aesthetic evolution. It was the period when [[Brahminical]], [[Buddhist]] and Jain activities flourished.<ref name=Hindu/><ref name="asianp31"/>
{{multiple image|left
| image1 =Deogarh01.jpg
| width1 = 150
| alt1 =
| caption1 = The Dashavatara temple or Vishnu temple, also called Gupta temple at Deogarh
| image2 = Lintel Deogarh Dasavatara.jpg
| width2 = 170
| alt2 =
| caption2 = Entry frame of the Dashavatara temple
| image3 = Vishnu Hood2 Deogarh.jpg
| width3 = 165
| alt3 =
| caption3 = Vishnu reclining on the serpent [[Shesha]] (Ananta) on a side panel of the Vishnu temple of 5th century.<ref name=Vishnu>{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-art/620898/123920/The-Hindu-deity-Vishnu-reclining-on-the-serpent-Sesha-sandstone|title= Hindu Art;Vishnu|access-date=2010-03-25|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref>
}}

During this time, sculptural arts peaked and "India entered upon the classical phase of sculpture".<ref name=gupta>{{Cite web|url=http://ccrtindia.gov.in/guptasculp.html|title=Gupta sculpture|access-date=2010-01-04|agency=Centre for Cultural Affairs and Training|publisher=Government of India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100110043802/http://ccrtindia.gov.in/guptasculp.html|archive-date=10 January 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Even though [[Gupta Empire|Guptas]] were Hindu rulers, the cultures of Buddhism and Jainism also flourished during their reign. During this period, Buddhist sculptures were more puritanical with total elimination of nudity in its depictions. However, transparent tight fitting drapery were dictated by moral values and hence, were restrained. Indian temple architecture emerged with figurine sculptures in decorative settings, attaining excellence of form. This is inferred from the large panel of ''Sheshashayi Vishnu'' (Hindu god Vishnu reclining on the serpent [[Shesha]]) at the Deogarh temple.<ref name=gupta/>

==Monuments==
The Deogarh monuments can be categorized based on their location at valley and fort temples, which are generally built with sand stones of brick-red colour. The valley temples are mostly Hindu temples from the Gupta period near the Deogarh village.<ref name="Titze p.103"/>

===Jain temple complex===
{{Main|Jain temple, Deogarh}}
[[File:Deogarh, UP. Jain temple complex.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Pārśva]] and other [[tirthankara]]s from [[Jainism]] depicted on a panel in the Shantinath Temple]]
[[File:Pārśvanāth AS IS.jpg|thumb|[[Pārśva]] and [[Supārśva]]]]
The fort temples are dominated by the Jain temples in the eastern part of the hill fort; the [[Jain]]a images here are mostly of the "iconographic and the stylistic variety".<ref name="Titze p.103"/> The Jain complex was built during 8th to the 17th century and consist of 40 Jain temples housing around 2,000 sculptures which is largest such collection in world.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uptourism.gov.in/pages/top/explore/top-explore-jhansi---deogarh/jain-temple |title=Jain Temple |website=www.uptourism.gov.in |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220122644/http://www.uptourism.gov.in/pages/top/explore/top-explore-jhansi---deogarh/jain-temple |archive-date=2016-12-20}} </ref> The Jain temples have a large number of panels depicting scenes from Jain mythology, [[Tirthankara]] images and votive tablets. The pillars are carved with a thousand Jain figures.<ref name=city>{{Cite web|url=http://www.whereincity.com/india/uttar-pradesh/deogarh.php|title= Deogarh|access-date=2010-01-08}}</ref>

All temples are categorized into two distinct periods: the early medieval period and the medieval period. During the [[Islamic]] [[iconoclastic|iconoclastic depredations]] the temples were devastated; this was compounded by the growth of vegetation and neglect of maintenance. The Jain community is managing the temples since 1939 and have done some restoration work.<ref name="Titze pp.103-105">Titze pp.103-105</ref>

The extravagance of the intricacies of the Jain sculptures are similar to that of nearby [[Gwalior]] in Madhya Pradesh and adjoining areas of [[Bihar]].<ref name="Titze p.105">Titze p.105</ref> Jain sculptures lie scattered on both sides of the path from the gate, on the walls of the fort. A notable pillar seen here is called the Manastambha. The complete image of each of the 24 tirthankaras depicting the emblem of a bird, flower or animal are seen here. Images of [[Yaksha]] and [[Yakshini]] are also part of such depictions. Thousands of sculptures are seen embedded in the walls surrounding the complex. The large number of idols lying scattered around the fort area is attributed to the fact that this was the sculptors' workshop.<ref name=Hindu/>

Worship at some of the Jain temples are still held regularly. The most famous of the Jain temples in the fort is the Shantinath temple, which was built before 862 AD. This temple committee oversees the protection of the monuments and work to improve the ambience of the entire place. It has been suggested however, that restoration works be carried out on more scientific terms, following guidelines set by [[UNESCO]]'s [[World Heritage Sites]].<ref name="Titze p.105-106">Titze p.105-106</ref>

===Dashavatara temple===
{{Main|Dashavatara Temple, Deogarh}}
{{multiple image
| align = right
| image1 = Nara Narayana Deogarh.jpg
| width1 = 250
| alt1 =
| caption1 =
| image2 = Gajendra Moksha.jpg
| width2 = 130
| alt2 =
| caption2 =
| footer = Left: [[Nara Narayana]] panel on the eastern wall of the [[Dashavatara Temple, Deogarh|Dashavatara temple]]. Right: Carved panel of [[Gajendra Moksha]] - [[Vishnu]] saves Gajendra, the elephant from clutches of crocodile on one of the walls of the Dashavatara temple.
}}
The "Dashavatara Temple" or "Gupta Temple", built in 400-500 AD, is one of the oldest [[Hindu]] temple that is still existent until modern era. The temple dedicated to god [[Vishnu]], was first discovered by Captain Charles Strahan. It was given its name by the archaeologist, Cunnigham. Archaeologists have inferred that it is the earliest known [[Panchayatana (temple)|Panchayatana]] temple in North India.<ref name= imagine>{{Cite web|url=http://www.imagine18.com/incredible-uttar-pradesh-all-places-of-uttar-pradesh-tourism/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20100323002633/http://www.imagine18.com/incredible-uttar-pradesh-all-places-of-uttar-pradesh-tourism/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2010-03-23|title= Incredible Uttar Pradesh :: All Places Of Uttar Pradesh Tourism|work=Deograh|access-date=2010-01-07}}</ref><ref name="Vishnu p. 9-10">{{cite book|url=https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/1887/2668/1/299_022.pdf |title=Isomorphic Reconstruction Map of Sarvodhbhadra temple or the Vishnu temple of Deogarh |pages=9–10|author=Lubotsky, Alexander}}</ref> It was subsequently renamed by Cunningham as ''Dashavatara Mandir'' or Dashavatara Temple (because the temple depicts ten incarnations of Vishnu), and also as ''Sagar Marh'' (meaning: the temple by the well). It was the first North Indian temple with a [[Sikhara|shikhara]] or tower, although the shikhara is curtailed and part of it has disappeared. The temple has a high plinth and is set with a basement porch. The Dashavatara temple has a "compelling presence" in spite of its dilapidated condition. Sculpted panels are seen on the terraced basement, with carved figurines of river goddesses Ganga and Yamuna flanking the doorway to the sanctum sanctorum. In addition, on the side walls, three large carved panels of [[Vaishnava]] mythology related to [[Gajendra Moksha]], the [[Nara Narayana]] [[Tapasya]] (austerities), and the Sheshashayi Vishnu (reclining on the serpent), are portrayed. A protective wall made of undressed stone was built around the temple after it was first discovered. However, the idol of the sanctum sanctorum of the temple is missing, believed to have been relocated elsewhere.<ref name=tourism/><ref name=Hindu/><ref name="asian p.29">Studies in south Asian culture, p.29</ref> The ancient treatise ''[[Vishnudharmottara Purana]]'' describes several temples including a "Sarvatobhadra temple", which has been identified by archaeologists and Indologists with the Dashavatara Temple.<ref name="Vishnu p.2-3">Lubotsky pp. 2–3</ref>

===Fort===
The fort on the hill is located a few hundred yards east of Deogarh village. The fort, when originally built, was known as 'Karnali'. Subsequently, it was renamed "Kirtigiridurga" after it was built in 1057 ([[samvat]] 1154) during the reign of [[Chandela]] king [[Kirttivarman (Chandela dynasty)|Kirttivarman]]. However, some believe that fort was built earlier by the Pratihara rulers of [[Kannauj]] in the 9th century, changed hands from the builders to the Chandelas and the [[Bundela]]s, before it came under the control of the [[Scindias]] of Gwalior.<ref name=Economics>{{Cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Features/ET_Travel/Deogarh_in_UP_is_an_abode_of_gods/rssarticleshow/3414110.cms|title= Deogarh in UP is an abode of gods|access-date=2010-01-08|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=2008-08-28|last1= Kumar|first1= Arjun}}</ref><ref name="asian p.28">Studies in south Asian culture, p.28</ref>

The fort has an external wall for the most part, except in stretches where the steep hill slopes towards the Betwa river. It is also subdivided by many internal walls. A circular structure, the west gate and the east gate (south-east of the Jain temples) are notable monuments. Additionally, there are two gates of entry into the fort, the "Hathi Darvaja" meaning "Elephant gate", and "Delhi Darvaja" which means "Delhi gate".<ref name="asian p.28"/>

There are three [[ghats]] which provide approach to the Betwa river edge, which have archaeological significance. These are the Nahar Ghat, the Rajghat and the Ghat, with the Siddi ki Ghufa (Saints cave).<ref name="asian. p.28-29">Studies in south Asian culture, pp.28-29</ref>

The Nahar Ghat ("nahar" or nav means boat, but also means canal. Either boat or canal could be interpreted because steps leading to water) at the east end of the fort, has steep steps that go down from the plateau of the fort to the Betwa river. The ghat is aligned parallel to the wall of the cliff and the river. The "Siddhi ki Ghufa" (Cave of the Saint), is an archaeological find, located on the cliff wall to the left, along the descent from the Nehar Ghat. While descending via the Rajghat, the cliff wall is to the right. It is a plain cave. The cave depicts, on its right, an image of the goddess [[Mahishasuramardini]].<ref name="asian. p.28-29"/>

The cliffs above the three ghats are embellished with Gupta sculptures and inscriptions dating from various periods. The Nahar Ghat has about a dozen niches, which house [[linga]]s and various deities. From an archaeological perspective, this ghat is considered the richest of the three flights of steps. The Rajghat (Kings steps) also accommodate more than a dozen niches with lingas and statues, but the sculptures are small and in an unfinished state.<ref name="asian. p.28-29"/>

[[Matrika]] statues (seated) are also important archaeological finds at the Nehar Ghat and Rajghat sections, as they establish early sculptural activity in the 6th century. Both these matrika panels are flanked by images of Vinadhara [[Shiva]] (Shiva as "bearer of the vina") and his son [[Ganesha]], though with differences in detailing. The sculpted figurines show large breasts, tiny waists and broad hips.<ref name=Schastok>{{Cite book|last=Schastok|first=Sara.L.|title=The Śāmalājī sculptures and 6th century art in Western India|work=The Sixth Century|pages=70–71|access-date=2010-01-07|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jh1fF8HvJmMC&q=Deogarh&pg=PA70|publisher=Brill|year=1985|isbn=90-04-06941-0}}</ref>

The [[Varaha]] temple dated to 7th century is situated in the southeast corner of the fort. It is located on a high [[jagati (temple)|jagati]] or platform. But it is in ruins except for a few architectural fragments such as a door frame and a pillar of an entrance porch. The mainidol has been moved to the sculpture shed here.<ref name=Lucknow/>

==See also==
*[[Parwar (Jain)|Parwar]]
*[[Jainism in Bundelkhand]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}

==References==
* {{cite book|url=https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/1887/2668/1/299_022.pdf|title=Isomorphic Reconstruction Map of Sarvodhbhadra temple or the Vishnu temple of Deogarh|author=Lubotsky, Alexander}}
* {{Cite book|last=Schastok|first=Sara.L.|title=The Śāmalājī sculptures and 6th century art in Western India|work=The Sixth Century|pages=70–71|access-date=2010-01-07|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jh1fF8HvJmMC&q=Deogarh&pg=PA70|publisher=Brill|year=1985|isbn=90-04-06941-0}}
* {{Cite book|last=Solis|first= Benjamín Preciado-|title= The Krishna cycle in the puranaas: themes and motifs in a heroic saga|work=Gupta sculpture|page=106|access-date=2010-01-06|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JvCaWvjGDVEC&q=J.+C.+Harle+Gupta+Sculpture+Deogarh&pg=PA106|publisher= Motilal Banarsidass|year=1984|isbn=0-89581-226-6}}
*{{Cite book|title=Studies in south Asian culture, Part 3|work=Deogarh|pages=1–29|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2K83AAAAIAAJ&q=ASI+-Archeological+Museum+at+Deogarh&pg=PR15|author=Universiteit van Amsterdam and Institute of South Asian Archaeology|publisher=Brill Archive|year=1958}}
* {{Cite book|last=Titze|first=Kurt|author2=Klaus Bruhn|title= Jainism: a Pictorial guide to the religion of non-violence|work=Deogarh|pages=102–106|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=loQkEIf8z5wC&q=Deogarh+Uttar+Pradesh&pg=PA105|publisher= Motilal Banarsidass Publ.|year=1998|isbn=81-208-1534-3}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Deogarh}}
*[https://maps.google.com/maps?t=h&q=24.55,78.25&ie=UTF8&z=9&ll=24.549622,78.250122&spn=1.931091,2.051697&om=1 Google Maps]

{{Authority control}}
{{Lalitpur district, Uttar Pradesh}}

[[Category:Bundelkhand]]
[[Category:Villages in Lalitpur district, India]]
[[Category:8th-century Hindu temples]]
[[Category:8th-century Jain temples]]

Satyakama

2022-11-14T21:57:46Z

Silentbram: Created the entry added tags.

{{Multiple issues|
{{Orphan|date=November 2021}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=January 2020}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox writer
| embed =
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Anantakrishna Shahapur
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| birth_date = {{Birth date |df=yes|1920|03|02}}<ref name=kanaja/>
| birth_place = [[Galagali]], [[Bilagi]] taluka, [[Bagalkot district]]<ref name=Vijayakarnataka>{{cite news |title=bagalkot News: ಸುಮ್ಮನೆ ಅಲ್ಲ ಈ ಮನೆ, ಅರಿವಿನ ಅರಮನೆ - ಸುಮ್ಮನೆ ಅಲ್ಲ ಈ ಮನೆ, ಅರಿವಿನ ಅರಮನೆ |url=https://vijaykarnataka-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/vijaykarnataka.com/news/bagalkot/-/amp_articleshow/59932705.cms?usqp=mq331AQCKAE%3D&amp_js_v=0.1#aoh=15754042212483&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s&ampshare=https%3A%2F%2Fvijaykarnataka.com%2Fnews%2Fbagalkot%2F-%2Farticleshow%2F59932705.cms |accessdate=9 December 2019 |work=Vijaya Karnataka |language=kn}}</ref><ref name=kanaja/>
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1998|10|20|1920|03|02}}<ref name=kanaja/>
| death_place = Bangalore, India<ref name=IT />
| resting_place =
| occupation = Author, Journalist<ref name=kanaja/>
| language = Kannada
| residence =
| nationality = Indian
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'''Anantakrishna Shahapur''' (1920-1998) popularly known as '''Satyakama''' was a Kannada writer, Indian freedom fighter and a journalist who was born on 2 March 1920 in [[Galagali]] village of [[Bagalkot district]], [[Karnataka]].<ref name=kanaja/>

==Literary works==
* Tantrayoni
* Devana Innondu Baagilu
* Ashwaghosha
* Chanda Prachanda
* Kamana Billu
* Kaalinalli Kannirali
* Ardha Daari
* Krishnarpana
* Rhushi Panchami
* Vijnyana Bhairava
* Vichitra Veerya
* Rajabali
* Abhinava
* Aahuti<ref name=IT />
* Panchamagala Naduve
* Rajakreede<ref>{{cite web |title=Navakarnataka Publications Pvt.Ltd., Bangalore - Online Book Store, Kannada Books |url=http://www.navakarnatakaonline.com/bookslist?sortby=PriceL&aid=1000 |website=www.navakarnatakaonline.com |accessdate=9 December 2019}}</ref>
* Kapila Vastu
* Nagarananju
* Manemaru
* Benkiya Magalu
* Bendreyavara Kavyadalli Rasa Siddhi
* Swatantra
* Lavanya
* Manvantara
* Anantha Jeevana
* Mahaniyara Pouranika Kathegalu
* Purushasookta
* Sringara Theertha
* Vi-Prayoga
* Matru Lahari Mattu Itara Kavitegalu
* Tannagina Benki
* Satyakaamara Kathegalu
* Bhruhaspati - Kannada Bharatha Bharathi - 101<ref>{{cite web |title=Books by satyakama, satyakama Books Online India, satyakama Books Discount Sales Online India - Sapnaonline.com India |url=https://www.sapnaonline.com/shop/Author/satyakama |website=www.sapnaonline.com |accessdate=9 December 2019}}</ref>

===Poetry collections===
* Veene
* Matrumandira
* Matrulahari
* Gangalahari
* Shrungara Teertha
* Odeda Kannadi
* Manvantara

===Story collections===
* Haleya Rajakeeya<ref name=kanaja/>
* Naayimoogu<ref name=kanaja/>

==Awards and honours==
*[[Karnataka Sahitya Academy Award]]<ref name=kanaja>{{cite web |last1=Calendar |first1=The Events |title=ಸತ್ಯಕಾಮ |url=http://kanaja.in/?tribe_events=%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE |website=ಕಣಜ |accessdate=9 December 2019}}</ref><ref name=IT>{{cite news | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/signposts/story/19981102-magician-p.c.-sorcar-junior-selected-for-merlin-award-830122-1998-11-02 | title=Magician P.C. Sorcar Junior selected for Merlin Award | date=2 November 1998 | publisher=India Today | accessdate=7 January 2020 }}</ref>
*[[Rajyotsava Award]]<ref name=kanaja/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

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[[Category:Kannada-language writers]]
[[Category:1920 births]]
[[Category:1998 deaths]]

Sangmeshwar

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#REDIRECT [[Sangameshwar]]

Nabadwip (Vidhan Sabha constituency)

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#REDIRECT [[Nabadwip Assembly constituency]]

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List of Bollywood films of 2006

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#REDIRECT [[List of Hindi films of 2006]]

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