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Ethirneechal (TV series)

2026-05-01T17:05:30Z

Shelia6340:

{{Short description|Indian television series}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Ethirneechal (TV series).jpg
| caption = Montage of Season 2
| alt_name = ''Ethirneechal Thodargiradhu''
| genre = [[Tamil television drama|Drama]]
| executive_producer = Sri Vidhya
| writer = [[V. Thiruselvam]] Dialogues: Sri Vidhya
| screenplay = V. Thiruselvam
| director = V. Thiruselvam
| starring = {{Plainlist|
*Parvathy Venkitaramanan
*Sirija
*Priyadharshini Neelakandan
*Haripriya Isai
}}
| theme_music_composer = [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]]
| composer = "Background Music" Selvam
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| num_seasons = 2
| num_episodes = 1200+<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sunnxt.com/suntv-tamil-serial-ethir-neechal-thodargirathu-Dec23-2024/detail/209584/0| title=Watch Ethir Neechal Thodargirathu (Episode ) Tamil serial online for Free in India | Sun NXT }}</ref>
| list_episodes =
| producer = V. Thiruselvam
| company = [[Sun Network|Sun Entertainment]] Thiruselvam Theatres
| open_theme = "Vidiyal Thedum Vinmeen Penne" [[Sharanya Srinivas]] Srinidhi (Vocals) Balachandran (Lyrics)
| cinematography = Santhanam
| editor = Aravind Anbalagan
| camera = [[Multi-Camera]]
| runtime = approx. 22–24 minutes per episode
| channel = [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2022|02|07|df=y}}
| last_aired = present
| location = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| related =
}}

'''''Ethirneechal''''' ({{translation|Swimming against the tide}}) is a popular Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[Tamil television drama|drama]] television series, which is being airing on [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]. The first season of this series starred [[Madhumitha Hirannaiah]], [[Kaniha]], Priyadharshini Neelakandan, [[Haripriya Isai]] in lead roles. This show is being produced by [[SUN Group#Television Production Company|Sun Entertainment]] and Thiruselvam Theatres. Dialogues were written by Sri Vidhya and written and directed by [[V. Thiruselvam]].<ref name=":2">{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/thiruselvam-directed-tv-show-ethir-neechal-to-launch-soon/articleshow/89298888.cms|title=V.Thiruselvam directed TV show 'Ethir Neechal' to launch soon|website=The Times of India|date=2 February 2022 |language=en|access-date=3 February 2022|archive-date=3 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203165851/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/thiruselvam-directed-tv-show-ethir-neechal-to-launch-soon/articleshow/89298888.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="news18.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/director-thiruselvam-making-comeback-to-tamil-tv-with-ethir-neechal-4734995.html|title=Director Thiruselvam making comeback to Tamil TV with Ethir Neechal on Sun TV|website=www.news18.com|date=4 February 2022 |language=en|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208165550/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/director-thiruselvam-making-comeback-to-tamil-tv-with-ethir-neechal-4734995.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The series is one of the most-popular and most-watched TV shows in [[Tamil Nadu]] since its launch.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2 January 2024 |title=2023ம் ஆண்டின் சிறந்த தொடர் எதிர்நீச்சல்! விருது பெற்ற இயக்குநர்!! |url=https://www.dinamani.com/cinema/cinema-news/2024/jan/02/2023-best-tamil-serial-sun-tv-ethirneechal-director-thiruselvam-awarded-4132520.html |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=Dinamani |language=ta}}</ref> The first season premiered on 7 February 2022, and ended on 8 June 2024 with 744 episodes.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-06-04 |title=Madhumitha- Kaniha starrer 'Ethirneechal' to go off-air on June 8 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/madhumitha-kaniha-starrer-ethirneechal-to-go-off-air-on-june-9/articleshow/110698277.cms |access-date=2024-10-12 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-02-08 |title=Popular TV show 'Ethirneechal' completes 2 years |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/popular-tv-show-ethirneechal-completes-2-years/articleshow/107519639.cms |access-date=2024-10-12 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

The second season of this series story continues of the first season. The second season of this series premiered on 23 December 2024 with the title as '''''Ethirneechal Thodargiradhu''''' ({{translation|Swimming against the tide 'Continues'}}). It stars Parvathy Venkitaramanan alongside Sirija, Priyadharshini and Haripriya Isai.<ref name="The Times of India">{{Cite news |date=2024-09-11 |title=Madhumitha and Kaniha set to play the titular roles in 'Ethirneechal 2' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/madhumitha-and-kaniha-set-to-play-the-titular-roles-in-ethirneechal-2/articleshow/113259822.cms |access-date=2024-10-26 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

==Series overview==
{{series overview
| color1 = #FEA530 
| link1 = #Season 1
| episodes1 = 744
| start1 = {{start date|df=yes|2022|02|07}}
| end1 = {{end date|df=yes|2024|06|08}}
| color2 = #30B39F 
| link2 = #Season 2
| episodes2 = 455+
| start2 = {{start date|df=yes|2024|12|23}}
| end2 = Present
}}

== Synopsis ==
===Season 1===
Nachiappan defies his rich, male chauvinist parents to marry the poorer Parvathi, and they raise their daughters Janani and Anjana in a joint family. Despite Nachiappan's controlling nature, he is wooed by a marriage proposal from business tycoon Gunasekaran alias AGS Aadhimuthu for his brother Shakthivel. Unaware of the mistreatment of Gunasekaran's daughters-in-law Eshwari, Renuka, and Nandini & Janani Nachiappan falls for the lie that Janani will be appointed as MD in Gunasekaran's company. Eventually, Janani, a high achiever, marries Shakthivel, the youngest brother in the Aadhimuthu family.

As time passes, Janani learns the harsh reality of her in-laws' treatment of women. Her husband Shakthivel, haunted by childhood trauma, lacks the courage to confront his family. Janani's cousin Vasu warns her, but she proceeds with the marriage. Initially supportive, Shakthivel turns against Janani due to emotional manipulation from his elder brother Aadhi Gunasekaran alias AGS.

Janani's co-sisters Eshwari, Renuka, and Nandhini – are also educated women married to uneducated husbands in the Aadhimuthu family. The sisters face restrictions and are forced to be housekeepers by their controlling husbands – Gunasekaran Aadhimuthu alias AGS, Gnanasekaran Aadhimuthu, Kathirvel Aadhimuthu, and Shakthivel Aadhimuthu. The story unfolds as Janani faces the challenges within her new family, aiming to bring about positive change with the help of Pattammal, Gunasekaran's grandmother.

Janani, standing against male chauvinism, leaves the Aadhimuthu household after Shakthivel doubts her character. Pattamal, who holds a 40% share in Aadhimuthu properties and businesses, joins Janani against Gunasekaran for the rights of Janani and the other daughters-in-law.

Guided by advice from Pattammal, Janani returns to help her co-sisters gain independence. Shakthivel realizes his mistakes, and the story unfolds as Janani strives to empower herself and her co-sisters against the backdrop of family dynamics and societal challenges. In a bid to get hold of the 40% property, Gunasekaran poisons Pattammal who is supposedly killed in a bomb blast planned by him. How Janani will strengthen herself and liberate her co-sisters forms the crux of the story.

At the end of season 1, Gunasekaran is arrested for his crimes. During the court proceedings, Pattammal enters the courtroom shocking everyone & testifies against Gunasekaran who is found guilty of all his crimes and is sentenced to lifetime imprisonment. Motivated by Pattammal, all the four daughters in law leave the Aadhimuthu household to pursue their dreams.

===Season 2===
After 6 Months The Story Continues from the End of Season 1. After the defeat of Gunasekaran "AGS" Aadhimuthu, Janani and the rest of the women in the household leave to pursue their dreams. However, Gunasekaran, though defeated, continues to create obstacles for these women in subtle and disruptive ways. How Janani & her co-sisters are breaking down barriers to carve out their space in an exciting & empowering journey as they strive to earn their family's understanding and protect relationships forms the crux of the story.

==Cast and characters==
===Main===
*Parvathy Venkitaramanan as Janani Sakthivel: Nachiyappan and Parvathi's elder daughter; (Dec.2024–present)
**[[Madhumitha Hirannaiah]] as Janani Sakthivel: Nachiyappan and Parvathi's elder daughter; (2022–Jun.2024)
*Sirija as Eshwari Gunasekaran: Sethuraman and Savitri's daughter; Jeevanandham's ex-love interest; (Mar.2026–present)
**[[Kaniha]] as Eshwari Gunasekaran: Sethuraman and Savitri's daughter; Jeevanandham's ex-love interest; (2022–Aug.2025)
*Priyadharshini Neelakandan as Renuka Gnanasekaran: Alamelu's daughter; (2022–present)
*[[Haripriya Isai]] as Nandhini Kathirvel: Ramachandran and Valliammal's daughter; (2022–present)
*[[Diya Menon]] as Madhivathani Rajendran IAS: Raavanan's wife; (2025–present)

===Recurring===
* [[Vela Ramamoorthy]] as Gunasekaran "AGS" Aadhimuthu: Adhimuthu and Visalatchi's eldest son; (Oct.2023–present)
** [[G. Marimuthu]] as Gunasekaran "AGS" Aadhimuthu: Adhimuthu and Visalatchi's eldest son; (2022–Sep.2023)
*Sabari Prasanth as Sakthivel "Sakthi" Aadhimuthu: Aadhimuthu and Visalatchi's youngest son; (2022–present)
*Ashwin Dhakshin as Raavanan "Raana" Aadhimuthu: Aadhimuthu and Devaki's son; (2026–present)
*Vibhu Raman as Kathirvel "Kathir" Aadhimuthu: Aadhimuthu and Visalatchi's third son; (2022–present)
*Kamalesh PK as Gnanasekaran "Gnanam" Aadhimuthu: Aadhimuthu and Visalatchi's second son; (2022–present)
*[[Sathyapriya]] as Visalatchi: Aadhimuthu's first wife; (2022–present)
*Sathya Devarajan as Aadhiraiselvi "Aadhirai" Aadhimuthu: Aadhimuthu and Visalatchi's daughter; (2022–Jan.2025)
*Rithik Raghavendra as Priyadharshan "Dharshan" Gunasekaran: Gunasekaran and Eshwari's son; (2022–present)
* Rajishree as Bhargavi Gurunathan: Gurunathan's daughter; (2025–present)
* Monisha Vijay as Priyadharshini "Dharshini" Gunasekaran: Gunasekaran and Eshwari's daughter; (2022–present)
* Mai Jananee as Aishwarya "Aishu" Gnanasekaran: Gnanasekaran and Renuka's daughter; (Dec.2024–present)
** Aishwarya Rathinam as Aishwarya "Aishu" Gnanasekaran: Gnanasekaran and Renuka's daughter; (2022–June.2024)
* Prajna Rani Aravind as Thara Kathirvel: Kathirvel and Nandhini's daughter; (Dec.2024–present)
** Farzana Ansari as Thara Kathirvel: Kathirvel and Nandhini's daughter; (2022–June.2024)

===Other cast===
*[[V. Thiruselvam]] as Jeevanandham: Social activist; Eshwari's ex-love interest and friend; Kayalvizhi's widower; (2023–2025)
*Dhachani Santha Soruban as Kotravai IPS: A police officer (2024–present)
*Gayathri Raja as Arivukkarasi "Arivu" Periyasami: Poster Periyasami's elder daughter (2025–present)
*Lakshmikanthan Sridharan as Mullaivendan "Mullai": Arivukkarasi and Anbukkarasi's cousin (2024–present)
*Vimalkumar J as Karikalan Ramalimgam: Ramalingam and Jhansi Rani's son; Aadhirai's ex-husband (2022–present)
*Sherine Farhana as Anbukkarasi "Anbu" Periyasami: Poster Periyasami's younger daughter (2025–present)
*[[Bombay Gnanam]] as R. Pattammal MA: Aadhimuthu's mother; (2022–present)
* Rukmani as Alamelu: a former nurse; Renuka's mother; Aishwarya's grandmother (2022–present)
* Subhashini as Valliammal Ramachandran: Nandhini's mother; Thara's grandmother (2022–present)
* Radhika Vairavelavan as Charubala Rajavarman: a lawyer; SKR's wife; Gunasekaran's ex-love interest (2022–present)
* Chandrasekhar as Ramachandran: Nandhini's father; Thara's grandfather (2022–present)
* Vishnu Vasudev as Sethuraman: Savitri's widower; Eshwari's father; Dharshan and Dharshini's grandfather (2022–present)
* [[Bharathi Kannan]] as Kovai Subaiah: Visalatchi's younger brother (2022–present)
* Som Soumyan as Nachiyappan: Meyyappan and Umayal's brother; Parvathi's husband; Janani and Anjana's father (2022–present)
* [[Keerthana (actress)|Keerthana]] as Parvathi Nachiyappan: Thiruvengadam's sister; Nachiyappan's wife; Janani and Anjana's mother (2022–present)
* Vaishnavi Nayak as Nivashini "Vasu" Thiruvengadam: Thiruvengadam and Padmavathi's daughter; Sriram's sister; Janani and Anjana's cousin (2022–2023; 2025)
* Gaayathri Krishnan as Jhansi Rani Ramalingam: Ramalingam's second wife; Karikalan's mother (2022–2025)
* Baby Deepti Shri as Venba Jeevanandham: Jeevanandham and Kayalvizhi's daughter (2022–2025)
* [[Poster Nandakumar]] as Poster Periyasami: Gunasekaran's friend (2025)
* Swetha Senthilkumar as Anjana Sidharth: Nachiyappan and Parvathi's younger daughter; (2024)
** VJ Thara as Anjana Sidharth: Nachiyappan and Parvathi's younger daughter; (2022)
* Dinesh Mourougane as Sidharth Ramanathan: Umayal and Ramanathan's son; Keerthi's brother; Ramasamy, Krishna Swamy, Janani and Anjana's cousin; Anjana's husband (2024)
* Subramani as Killivalavan aka Valavan: Ex-police officer; Gunasekaran's crime partner; Kayalvizhi's murderer (2023–2024)
* Goudham Krishnan as Gowtham: Janani's best friend (2022–2023; 2025)
* Ziba Shirin as Farhana: Jeevanandham's sidekick (2023)
* Balaji as Thiruvengadam: Parvathi's brother; Padmavathi's husband; Sriram and Vasu's father (2022)
* Vasavi as Padmavathi: Thiruvengadam's wife; Sriram and Vasu's mother (2022)
* Subramanian Gopalakrishnan as Sriram Thiruvengadam: Thiruvengadam and Padmavathi's son; Vasu's brother; Janani and Anjana's cousin (2022)
*Vasudevan Venugopal as Subramaniam Krishnamoorthy Rajavarman alias SKR: Arasu, Arun and Karthikeyan's brother; Charubala's husband; Gunasekaran's former MD turned business-rival (2022–2025)
*Chaanakyaa as Arunkumar alias Arun: SKR's second younger brother; Aadhirai's ex-lover (2022–2023)
*[[Giri Dwarakish]] as Arasu: SKR's first younger brother (2022–2025)
*Madhu Karthik as Karthikeyan: SKR's youngest brother (2022–2023)
* [[Abhishek Shankar]] as [[Captain (armed forces)|Captain]] Oliver Devasagayam (2026–present)
*Vishva as Vishva: Raana's manager (2025)
* Apollo Ravi as Kadambavanam: Gunasekaran's sidekick (2022; 2024)
* Johithya as Ilaveni: Jeevanandham's sidekick (2023)
* Archana as Rani: Maid in Gunasekaran's house (2022)
* Sabarish Selvaraj as Kumar: Arasu's sidekick (2022–2023)
* Anbarasi as Anbarasi: Janani's friend (2022)
* RJ Nelu as Krishna Swamy Meyyappan: Meyyappan and Rajalakshmi's younger son; Ramasamy's brother; Janani, Anjana, Sidharth and Keerthi's cousin (2023–2024)
* Maaran Chandrasekaran as Ramasamy Meyyappan: Meyyappan and Rajalakshmi's elder son; Krishna Swamy's brother; Janani, Anjana, Sidharth and Keerthis cousin (2023–2025)
* Bindhu Pankaj as Umayal Ramanathan: Meyyappan and Nachiyappan's sister; Ramanathan's wife; Sidharth and Keerthi's mother (2023–2024)
*T. K. Kala as Meyyappan, Umayal and Nachiyappan's mother; Ramasamy, Krishna Swamy, Janani, Anjana, Sidharth and Keerthi's grandmother (2023–2024)
* VJ Keerthi as Keerthi Ramanathan: Umayal's daughter; Sidharth's sister; Ramasamy, Krishna Swamy, Janani and Anjana's cousin (2023–2024)
* Muthu Lakshmi as Rajalakshmi Meyyappan: Meyyapan's wife; Ramasamy and Krishnasamy's mother (2023–2024)
* Jillu Vikram as Vikram: Janani's friend (2022)
* Abinaya as Kathija: Janani's friend (2022)
* Merwen Balaji as Kedhar: Janani's friend (2022)
* Hema Dayal as Kundavai Duraisaami: Sakthivel's ex-fiancée and business partner (2022; 2025)
* [[Mohan Vaidya (singer)|Mohan Vaidya]] as Gurunathan: Bhargavi's father (2025) (Dead)
* Eniyan S as Neducheziyan: Nandhini's cousin brother (2025)
* [[Jayashree (Tamil actress)|Jayashree]] as Jayashree Chandrasekhar: Chairman of Dharshan's college (2022; 2025)
* Meena Kumari as Kayalvizhi: Jeevanandham's wife; Venba's mother (2023) (Dead)
* Sudha Pushpa as Savithri Sethuraman: Sethuraman's wife; Eshwari's mother; Dharshan and Dharshini's grandmother (Dead) (2022)
* Abhinaya Palaniswamy as Kalaiarasi: Pattamal's nurse (2023)
* Kotravai as Meenakshi: A lawyer of Eshwari (2024)
* V. Sailaja as Devaki: Aadhimuthu's second wife; Rana's mother (2025) (Dead)
* Veernivas Sree as Prasad: Aishwarya's best friend (2025)
*Bhavana as Young Eshwari (2022)
*Prashanth as Young Jeevanandham (2022)

== Production ==
=== Development ===
In later September 2021, [[Sun Network]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cinemapettai.com/new-4-serials-to-be-launched/|title=அதிரடியாக துவங்கப்படும் புத்தம்புது 4 சீரியல்கள்.. நீயா நானா என போட்டிபோடும் பிரபல சேனல்கள்!|website=cinemapettai.com|date=23 November 2021|language=ta|access-date=3 February 2022|archive-date=3 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203165853/https://www.cinemapettai.com/new-4-serials-to-be-launched/|url-status=live}}</ref> confirmed through a press release that it would distribute the new Tamil serial, to be produced by Sun Entertainment and Thiruselvam Theatres and written and directed by [[V. Thiruselvam]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dinamani.com/cinema/cinema-news/2022/feb/01/after-kolangal-director-thiruchelvam-directs-new-serial-called-ethir-neechal-3784343.html|title=கோலங்கள் தொடர் இயக்குனர் திருச்செல்வத்தின் புதிய தொடர்|website=dinamani.com|date=February 2022 |language=ta|access-date=3 February 2022|archive-date=3 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203165854/https://www.dinamani.com/cinema/cinema-news/2022/feb/01/after-kolangal-director-thiruchelvam-directs-new-serial-called-ethir-neechal-3784343.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/director-thiruselvam-making-comeback-to-tamil-tv-with-ethir-neechal-4734995.html|title=Director Thiruselvam making comeback to Tamil TV with Ethir Neechal|website=news18.com|date=4 February 2022|language=en|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208165550/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/director-thiruselvam-making-comeback-to-tamil-tv-with-ethir-neechal-4734995.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.news18.com/news/entertainment/television-kolangal-serial-director-thiruselvam-new-serial-in-suntv-ethir-neechal-serial-cast-sre-ghta-683461.html|title=மீண்டும் தனது சீரியல் அத்தியாயத்தை தொடங்கிய பிரபல சின்னத்திரை இயக்குனர்!|website=tamil.news18.com|date=3 February 2022|language=ta|access-date=3 February 2022|archive-date=3 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203165851/https://tamil.news18.com/news/entertainment/television-kolangal-serial-director-thiruselvam-new-serial-in-suntv-ethir-neechal-serial-cast-sre-ghta-683461.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The dialogues for the series are written by Sri Vidhya.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/throwback-tuesday-did-you-know-tv-actress-sri-vidya-wrote-ethirneechals-script/articleshow/102528403.cms|title=Did you know TV actress Sri Vidya wrote Ethirneechal's script?|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|date=8 August 2023|language=en|access-date=8 August 2023|archive-date=8 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230808214915/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/throwback-tuesday-did-you-know-tv-actress-sri-vidya-wrote-ethirneechals-script/articleshow/102528403.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
[[Kannada language|Kannada]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] actress [[Madhumitha H.|Madhumitha Hirannaiah]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/madhumitha-reveals-why-she-quit-upcoming-show-ethirneechal-2/articleshow/113907749.cms|title=Madhumitha reveals why she quit upcoming show Ethirneechal 2|website=Times of India|date=3 October 2024|language=en|access-date=23 December 2024}}</ref> was selected as the female lead but was later replaced by actress Parvathy Venkatiramanan in the second season.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cineulagam.com/article/ethirneechal-2-serial-new-heroine-1728616836?itm_source=parsely-external|title=எதிர்நீச்சல் 2 சீரியலின் புதிய கதாநாயகி இவர் தான்.. யார் தெரியுமா, இதோ பாருங்க|website=cineulagam.com|date=15 October 2024|language=ta|access-date=23 December 2024}}</ref> Tamil film actress [[Kaniha]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.news18.com/news/entertainment/television-actress-kaniha-new-role-in-sun-tv-seriel-ghta-vjr-483337.html|title=சன் டிவி சீரியலில் நடிக்கும் அஜித் பட நடிகை - யார் தெரியுமா?|website=tamil.news18.com|date=16 June 2021|language=ta|access-date=3 February 2022|archive-date=3 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203165850/https://tamil.news18.com/news/entertainment/television-actress-kaniha-new-role-in-sun-tv-seriel-ghta-vjr-483337.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.indianexpress.com/lifestyle/actress-kaniha-is-starring-in-the-ethir-neechal-serial-after-14-years-408894/|title=தேவயானி மாதிரி இவரும் ஹிட் ஆவாரா? சன் டி.வி சீரியலில் அஜித் ஹீரோயின் ரீ என்ட்ரி!|website=The Indian Express|language=ta|access-date=16 February 2022|archive-date=16 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216090830/https://tamil.indianexpress.com/lifestyle/actress-kaniha-is-starring-in-the-ethir-neechal-serial-after-14-years-408894/|url-status=live}}</ref> was cast as one of the main leads, making her comeback to acting in Tamil serials after 14 years but in August 2025 she quit the series and was later replaced by Sirija<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/bomalattalam-actress-sreeja-joins-the-cast-of-ethirneechal-2/amp_articleshow/129606224.cms|title=Bomalattalam actress Sreeja joins the cast of Ethirneechal 2|language =en|publisher=[[Times of India]]|access-date=21 March 2026|url-status=live}}</ref>in March 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cineulagam.com/article/kaniha-reason-for-out-from-ethirneechal-serial-1771735386|title=எதிர்நீச்சல் சீரியலில் இருந்து வெளியேறிய நடிகை.. காரணம் இதுதான்|language=ta|access-date=21 February 2026|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.dinamalar.com/cinema_detail.php?id=102762|title=தமிழ் தொடரில் நடிக்கும் நடிகை கனிகா|website=[[Dinamalar]]|language=ta|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208165550/https://m.dinamalar.com/cinema_detail.php?id=102762|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.news18.com/news/entertainment/television-kanhika-instagram-actress-kanhika-in-suntv-ethir-neechal-serial-ajith-heroine-kaniha-tamil-serial-sre-ghta-687557.html|title=சுமார் 14 ஆண்டுகளுக்கு பிறகு சீரியலில் நடிக்க வரும் அஜித் ஹீரோயின்.. எதிர்பார்ப்பில் ரசிகர்கள் கூட்டம்!|website=news18.com|date=8 February 2022|language=ta|access-date=8 February 2022|archive-date=8 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208165551/https://tamil.news18.com/news/entertainment/television-kanhika-instagram-actress-kanhika-in-suntv-ethir-neechal-serial-ajith-heroine-kaniha-tamil-serial-sre-ghta-687557.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/actress-kaniha-makes-tv-debut-with-thiruselvam-directorial-ethir-neechal-4754171.html|title=Actress Kaniha Makes TV Debut With Thiruselvam Directorial Ethir Neechal|website=news18.com|date=9 February 2022|language=en|access-date=16 February 2022|archive-date=16 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216090824/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/actress-kaniha-makes-tv-debut-with-thiruselvam-directorial-ethir-neechal-4754171.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/actor-kanika-returns-to-small-screen-after-14-years-with-sun-tvs-ethir-neechal-4758329.html|title=Actor Kanika Returns to Small Screen After 14 years With Sun TV's Ethir Neechal|website=news18.com|date=10 February 2022|language=en|access-date=16 February 2022|archive-date=16 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216090827/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/actor-kanika-returns-to-small-screen-after-14-years-with-sun-tvs-ethir-neechal-4758329.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Priyadarshini<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/makers-of-ethirneechal-dismiss-rumours-of-vj-priyadharshinis-exit/articleshow/92701103.cms|title=Makers of 'Ethirneechal' dismiss rumours of VJ Priyadharshini's exit|website=Times of India|date=6 July 2022 |access-date=29 November 2022|archive-date=29 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129114240/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/makers-of-ethirneechal-dismiss-rumours-of-vj-priyadharshinis-exit/articleshow/92701103.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Haripriya Isai|Haripriya]] were cast as the parallel leads. Veteran actress [[Bombay Gnanam]] was cast as a supporting role, making her comeback to acting in Tamil serials after 10 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/gnanam-balasubramanian-to-return-on-tv-after-a-decade-with-this-serial-4730726.html|title=Gnanam Balasubramanian To Return on TV After a Decade With This Serial|website=news18.com|date=3 February 2022|language=en|access-date=3 February 2022|archive-date=3 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203165852/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/gnanam-balasubramanian-to-return-on-tv-after-a-decade-with-this-serial-4730726.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.dinamalar.com/cinema_detail.php?id=102668|title=நீண்ட இடைவேளைக்கு பின் ரீ என்ட்ரி தரும் பாம்பே ஞானம்|website=[[Dinamalar]]|language=ta|access-date=3 February 2022|archive-date=3 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203165852/https://m.dinamalar.com/cinema_detail.php?id=102668|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Film director and actor [[G. Marimuthu]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/ethirneechal-frame-actor-marimuthu-opens-up-about-his-struggle-says-had-to-survive-on-pickles-and-water-for-three-days-since-i-had-no-money/articleshow/98273637.cms|title=Ethirneechal frame actor Marimuthu opens up about his struggle; says, 'Had to survive on pickles and water for three days since I had no money'|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=27 February 2023 |language=en|access-date=19 July 2023|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719230501/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/ethirneechal-frame-actor-marimuthu-opens-up-about-his-struggle-says-had-to-survive-on-pickles-and-water-for-three-days-since-i-had-no-money/articleshow/98273637.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/actor-and-director-thiruselvam-joins-the-cast-of-ethirneechal-says-im-excited-to-work-with-g-marimuthu/articleshow/100667650.cms|title=Actor and director Thiruselvam joins the cast of Ethirneechal; says "I'm excited to work with G. Marimuthu"|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=June 2023 |language=en|access-date=19 July 2023|archive-date=24 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230624055555/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/actor-and-director-thiruselvam-joins-the-cast-of-ethirneechal-says-im-excited-to-work-with-g-marimuthu/articleshow/100667650.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> was selected as the negative lead till his untimely death on 8 September 2023. He was replaced by actor/writer [[Vela Ramamoorthy]].<ref name="cineulagam.com">{{cite web |title=ஆதி குணசேகரனாக மாஸ் என்ட்ரி கொடுத்த வேல ராமமூர்த்தி.. வெளிவந்த எதிர்நீச்சல் ப்ரோமோ |url=https://cineulagam.com/article/new-aadhi-gunasekaran-entry-in-ethirneechal-serial-1696229728 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004095940/https://cineulagam.com/article/new-aadhi-gunasekaran-entry-in-ethirneechal-serial-1696229728 |archive-date=4 October 2023 |access-date=2 October 2023 |website=cineulagam.com}}</ref><ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">{{cite web |date=2 October 2023 |title=Television actor Vela Ramamoorthy joins the cast of Ethirneechal |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/television-actor-vela-ramamoorthy-joins-the-cast-of-ethirneechal/articleshow/104102292.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002091342/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/television-actor-vela-ramamoorthy-joins-the-cast-of-ethirneechal/articleshow/104102292.cms |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=2 October 2023 |website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com}}</ref> Sabari Prasanth was selected as the male lead. While [[Keerthana (actress)|Keerthana]], Kamalesh, Merwen, Goutham K S, Vibhu Raman<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.oneindia.com/television/sun-tv-ethir-neechal-serial-actor-kathir-unknown-biography-485721.html|title=எதிர்நீச்சல் கதிர் யார் தெரியுமா?.. சினிமாவில் டாப் கதாநாயகிக்கு ஜோடி..யாருக்கும் தெரியாத மறுபக்கம்|website=tamil.oneindia.com|date=17 November 2022 |language=ta|access-date=29 November 2022|archive-date=29 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129114239/https://tamil.oneindia.com/television/sun-tv-ethir-neechal-serial-actor-kathir-unknown-biography-485721.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Sathyapriya]] were also selected for supporting roles. In end of December 2023, actress/playback singer [[T. K. Kala]] joined the cast as Janani's paternal grandmother.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/television-actress-t-k-kala-joins-the-cast-of-ethirneechal/articleshow/106347683.cms|title=Actress T.K Kala joins the cast of Ethirneechal|newspaper=The Times of India|date=28 December 2023 |language=ta|access-date=28 December 2023}}</ref>

==Reception==

===TRP Record===
In BARC Era, This is the first ever Television Series in Whole South India to Became No.1 in Both UR and Urban Markets from a 9.30 PM Slot.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=எதிர்நீச்சல் படைத்த வரலாறு! மாலை நேரத் தொடர்களை முந்தி சாதனை! |url=https://images.dinamani.com/uploads/user/imagelibrary/2023/7/1/w600X390/Ethirneechal_serial_fb_dp.jpg |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=Dinamani |archive-date=29 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129042237/https://images.dinamani.com/uploads/user/imagelibrary/2023/7/1/w600X390/Ethirneechal_serial_fb_dp.jpg |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Vignesh">{{Cite web |last=Vignesh |date=2023-06-30 |title=இந்தாமா ஏய்!!TRP-யில் முதலில் கலக்கும் எதிர்நீச்சல்!! |url=https://www.cinemamedai.com/ethirneechal-serial-trp-update-details-here/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211200322/https://www.cinemamedai.com/ethirneechal-serial-trp-update-details-here/ |archive-date=11 December 2023 |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=Cinemamedai |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>

===Season 1===
====Critical Response====

The series gradually gained more popularity and viewership in January 2023 by its screenplay, and mainly for the natural and realistic acting.<ref name=":0" /> ''Ethirneechal'' gave tough competition for ratings to its same channel's top rated soap ''[[Kayal (TV series)|Kayal]]''.

====TRP Ratings====
The show got a TVR of 6.54 on launching week on 7 February 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" />
<ref name="Vignesh"/>

In July 2023, the series was the most watched Tamil-language television series with 11.55 TVR.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=M |first=Marimuthu |title=Ethirneechal: புதிய உச்சம் பெற்ற எதிர்நீச்சல் சீரியலின் டி.ஆர்.பி; ஷாக் அடிக்கும் வளர்ச்சி! |url=https://tamil.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/trp-of-new-peak-ethirneechal-serial-because-of-actor-velaramamoorthy-entry-which-decided-the-points-of-trp-131697109491928.html |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=Tamil Hindustan Times |language=ta}}</ref>

The show got a TVR of 7.84 on its Climax week and the Last episode fetched 8.59 TVR on 8 June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>

=====2022=====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center"
|+ 2022 TRP Ratings
! rowspan="2" |Week
! rowspan="2" |Year
! colspan="2" |[[Broadcast Audience Research Council|BARC]] viewership
|-
![[Target Rating Point|TRP]]
!Rank
|-
|Week 6
|2022
|6.54
|10<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 7
|2022
|6.41
|11<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 8
|2022
|6.79
|10<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 9
|2022
|6.96
|10<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 10
|2022
|7.03
|8<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 11
|2022
|7.29
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 12
|2022
|7.29
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 13
|2022
|7.03
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 14
|2022
|6.77
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 15
|2022
|6.76
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 16
|2022
|6.33
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 17
|2022
|6.95
|8<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 18
|2022
|6.79
|8<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 19
|2022
|7.09
|8<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 20
|2022
|7.52
|8<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 21
|2022
|7.83
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 22
|2022
|7.68
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 23
|2022
|6.79
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 24
|2022
|7.19
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 25
|2022
|7.65
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 26
|2022
|8.00
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 27
|2022
|7.73
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 28
|2022
|8.00
|7<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 29
|2022
|7.20
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 30
|2022
|8.09
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 31
|2022
|7.47
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 32
|2022
|8.13
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 33
|2022
|7.86
|7<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 34
|2022
|7.20
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 35
|2022
|7.32
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 36
|2022
|7.75
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 37
|2022
|8.05
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 38
|2022
|8.22
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 39
|2022
|8.23
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 40
|2022
|7.72
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 41
|2022
|7.64
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 42
|2022
|8.03
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 43
|2022
|7.51
|7<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 44
|2022
|7.58
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 45
|2022
|8.19
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 48
|2022
|9.48
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 49
|2022
|8.95
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 50
|2022
|9.10
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 51
|2022
|9.12
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 52
|2022
|9.09
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|}

=====2023=====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center"
|+ 2023 TRP Ratings
! rowspan="2" |Week
! rowspan="2" |Year
! colspan="2" |[[Broadcast Audience Research Council|BARC]] viewership
|-
![[Target Rating Point|TRP]]
!Rank
|-
|Week 1
|2023
|9.48
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 2
|2023
|9.33
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 3
|2023
|7.90
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 4
|2023
|8.78
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 5
|2023
|8.62
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 6
|2023
|8.96
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 7
|2023
|9.14
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 9
|2023
|9.66
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 10
|2023
|9.82
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 11
|2023
|9.31
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 12
|2023
|9.24
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 13
|2023
|8.84
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 14
|2023
|8.91
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 15
|2023
|8.97
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 16
|2023
|8.75
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 17
|2023
|8.49
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 18
|2023
|8.50
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 19
|2023
|8.29
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 22
|2023
|8.80
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 23
|2023
|8.94
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 24
|2023
|9.28
|2<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 25
|2023
|11.16
|1<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Week 26
|2023
|10.83
|1<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Week 27
|2023
|10.88
|2<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 28
|2023
|10.65
|2<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Week 29
|2023
|11.24
|2<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Week 30
|2023
|'''11.55'''
|2<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Week 31
|2023
|11.01
|2<ref name=":0" />
|-
|Week 32
|2023
|10.22
|2<ref name=":1" />
|-
|Week 33
|2023
|10.53
|2<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-03 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – September 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-09-06 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810233139/https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 34
|2023
|11.45
|1<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/Cw4fEXaR80E/ |access-date=2023-09-08 |website=www.instagram.com |archive-date=2023-09-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230908125059/https://www.instagram.com/p/Cw4fEXaR80E/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 35
|2023
|10.42
|2<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-14 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – September 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011144729/https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 36
|2023
|10.79
|1<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/ |access-date=2023-09-27 |website=www.instagram.com |archive-date=2021-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115000102/https://www.instagram.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 37
|2023
|10.08
|1<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-01 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – September 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-10-10 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011144729/https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 38
|2023
|9.88
|1<ref>{{Citation |title=WEEK 39' 2023 ALL SERIALS TRP RATINGS🔥 | date=6 October 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrnCBSkdbqA |access-date=2023-10-10 |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014054200/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrnCBSkdbqA |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 39
|2023
|10.18
|2<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-13 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – October 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-10-17 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011144729/https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 40
|2023
|11.54
|1<ref>{{Citation |title=WEEK 41' 2023 SERIALS TRP RATINGS🔥 | date=19 October 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9wd2e8hjI4 |access-date=2023-10-27 |language=en |archive-date=2023-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027042851/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9wd2e8hjI4 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 41
|2023
|10.66
|2<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-28 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – October 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-10-30 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011144729/https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 42
|2023
|9.55
|5<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nivetha |date=2023-11-04 |title=இந்த வார தமிழ் சீரியல் TRP 2023 ! 43வது வாரத்தில் சிறகடிக்க ஆசை தான் முதலிடம் ! |url=https://www.skspread.com/tamil-serial-trp-rating-43-week-2023-first-place/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=SKSpread |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109042828/https://www.skspread.com/tamil-serial-trp-rating-43-week-2023-first-place/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 43
|2023
|10.38
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-11 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – November 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-11-17 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011144729/https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 44
|2023
|9.99
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-19 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – November 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-11-22 |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231011144729/https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Week 45
|2023
|9.76
|3<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.instagram.com%2Ftamiltvhouse%2F |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref>
|-
|Week 46
|2023
|9.65
|4<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.instagram.com%2Ftamiltvexpresss%2F%3Fhl%3Den |access-date=2023-12-05 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref>
|-
|Week 47
|2023
|9.79
|4<ref>{{Citation |title=WEEK 48' 2023 ALL SERIALS TRP RATINGS🔥 | date=7 December 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5cpdP8pwkEo |access-date=2023-12-10 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Week 48
|2023
|9.89
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 49
|2023
|9.18
|4<ref>{{Citation |title=WEEK 50 TAMIL SERIAL'S TRP RATING 🔥😍 {{!}} SUN TV {{!}} VIJAY TV {{!}} ZEE TAMIZH {{!}} TRPOFTHISWEEK {{!}} 2023 | date=21 December 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZsK_I48SF8I |access-date=2023-12-24 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Week 50
|2023
|9.75
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-30 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – January 2024 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-31 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 51
|2023
|9.88
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-06 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – January 2024 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2024-01-07 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 52
|2023
|8.75
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-06 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – January 2024 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2024-01-07 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|}

=====2024=====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center"
|+ 2024 TRP Ratings
! rowspan="2" |Week
! rowspan="2" |Year
! colspan="2" |[[Broadcast Audience Research Council|BARC]] viewership
|-
![[Target Rating Point|TRP]]
!Rank
|-
|Week 1
|2024
|9.07
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-06 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – January 2024 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2024-01-15 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 2
|2024
|9.59
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-06 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – January 2024 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2024-01-22 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 3
|2024
|9.19
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-06 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – January 2024 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2024-01-29 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 4
|2024
|9.98
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-06 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – January 2024 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2024-01-29 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 5
|2024
|9.92
|4<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Week 5 2024 Tamil serials TRP |url=https://tamil.indianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil-serial-trp-rating-on-2024-year-5th-week-in-tamil-update-3653745 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=tamil.indianexpress.com |language=ta}}</ref>
|-
|Week 6
|2024
|10.39
|4<ref name="zeenews.india.com">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-08 |title=டாப் 6 தமிழ் சீரியல்கள்! இந்த வார டிஆர்பி ரேட்டிங்கை தெரிந்து கொள்ளுங்கள்! |url=https://zeenews.india.com/tamil/movies/top-6-tamil-serial-this-week-who-tops-the-trp-rating-487339 |access-date=2024-02-18 |website=Zee Hindustan Tamil |language=ta}}</ref>
|-
|Week 7
|2024
|10.68
|2<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 8
|2024
|10.39
|4<ref name="zeenews.india.com"/>
|-
|Week 9
|2024
|10.33
|2<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 10
|2024
|10.64
|2<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 11
|2024
|10.01
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 12
|2024
|9.33
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 13
|2024
|8.74
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 14
|2024
|8.67
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 15
|2024
|8.27
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 16
|2024
|8.00
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 17
|2024
|8.61
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 18
|2024
|8.06
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 19
|2024
|7.54
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 20
|2024
|7.28
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 21
|2024
|7.11
|5<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 22
|2024
|7.92
|4<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 23
|2024
|7.84
|3<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-15 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2023 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|}

===Season 2===

====TRP Ratings====
The show got a TVR of 8.01 on launching week on 23 December 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-03 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2024 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>

=====2024/2025=====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center"
|+ 2024/2025 TRP Ratings
! rowspan="2" |Week
! rowspan="2" |Year
! colspan="2" |[[Broadcast Audience Research Council|BARC]] Viewership
|-
![[Target Rating Point|TRP]]
!Rank
|-
|Week 52
|2024
|8.01
|8<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-03 |title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2024 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-01-03 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 53
|2024
|7.16
|8<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-09|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – December 2024 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-01-09 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 1
|2025
|7.59
|8<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-17|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – January 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-01-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 2
|2025
|6.52
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – January 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-01-23 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 3
|2025
|7.09
|8<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-30|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – January 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-01-30 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 4
|2025
|6.92
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-06|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – February 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-02-06 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 5
|2025
|7.23
|7<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-06|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – February 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-02-06 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 6
|2025
|7.01
|7<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-20|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – February 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-02-20 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 7
|2025
|7.26
|7<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-27|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – February 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-02-27 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 8
|2025
|7.35
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-06|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – March 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-03-06 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 9
|2025
|7.37
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-13|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – March 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-03-13 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 10
|2025
|6.80
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-20|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – March 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-03-20 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 11
|2025
|7.50
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-27|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – March 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 12
|2025
|6.87
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-04|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – April 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-04-04 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 13
|2025
|7.01
|7<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-10|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – April 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-04-10 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 14
|2025
|7.20
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-17|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – April 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-04-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 15
|2025
|7.20
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-24|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – April 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-04-24 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 16
|2025
|6.90
|7<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-02|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – April 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-05-02 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 17
|2025
|6.63
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-08|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – May 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 18
|2025
|6.96
|6<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-15|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – May 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-05-15 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 19
|2025
|6.53
|8<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-22|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – May 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-05-22 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 20
|2025
|6.05
|10<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-29|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – May 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-05-29 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 21
|2025
|6.52
|9<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – June 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-06-05 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Week 22
|2025
|7.08
|7<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-12|title=Tamil TV Serials TRP Ratings this week – June 2025 {{!}}{{!}} Top 20 Tamil Serials List with TRP Rating - Cinebuds |url=https://cinebuds.com/tamil-tv-serials-trp-ratings-this-week/ |access-date=2025-06-12 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|}

==Accolades==
===Season 1===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Year
! scope="col"| Award{{efn|Awards, festivals and organizations are in Alphabetical order.}}
! scope="col"| Category
! scope="col"| Recipient(s)
! scope="col" class="unsortable"| Result
! scope="col" class="unsortable"| {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| rowspan="9" |2023
|Behindwoods Gold Icons
|Best Lead Cast On Television
|[[Madhumitha Hirannaiah]], [[Kaniha]], Priyadarshini, [[Haripriya Isai]]
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=7r0MDrnDhV20TgJ7&v=WFethJYZU70&feature=youtu.be |title=Ethirneechal Serial-ன் ராணிகள் LIVE Kuthu Dance🔥 Kaniha's Emotional Speech touches many hearts😍 |date=2023-09-26 |last=Behindwoods Gold |access-date=2024-09-23 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="8" | [[Sun Kudumbam Viruthugal]]
|[[Sun Kudumbam Viruthugal for Best Actress|Favourite Actress]]
|[[Madhumitha Hirannaiah]]
|{{Won}}
| rowspan="8" |<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|title=ETimes TV's poll results: Netizens select Ethirneechal as their favourite daily soap opera!|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/etimes-tvs-poll-results-netizens-select-ethirneechal-as-their-favourite-daily-soap-a-look-at-the-other-tv-shows-on-the-list/articleshow/98959209.cms|newspaper=The Times of India|date=24 March 2023 |language=en|access-date=30 June 2023|archive-date=1 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601202055/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/etimes-tvs-poll-results-netizens-select-ethirneechal-as-their-favourite-daily-soap-a-look-at-the-other-tv-shows-on-the-list/articleshow/98959209.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|Favourite Villain - Male
|[[G. Marimuthu]]
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Director
|[[V. Thiruselvam]]
|{{Won}}
|-
|Favourite Serial
|''Ethirneechal''
|{{Won}}
|-
|Thanga Mangaigal
|[[Kaniha]], Priyadarshini, [[Haripriya Isai]], [[Madhumitha Hirannaiah]]
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Script Writer
|Sri Vidhya
|{{Won}}
|-
|Favorite Comedian
|Vimal Kumar J
|{{Won}}
|-
|Lifetime Achievement Actress
|[[Bombay Gnanam]]
|{{Won}}
|-
| rowspan="8" |2024
| rowspan="7" |[[Ananda Vikatan Awards|Ananda Vikatan Television Awards]]
|Best Supporting Actress
|[[Kaniha]]
|{{Won}}
| rowspan="7" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chitra |date=2024-07-15 |title=மொத்த சேனலையும் தூக்கி சாப்பிட்ட சன் டிவி சீரியல்.. 7 விருதுகளை அள்ளிக் கொடுத்த விகடன் |url=https://www.cinemapettai.com/sun-tv-serial-that-beat-up-the-entire-channel-vikatan-which-gave-7-awards/ |access-date=2024-09-23 |website=Cinemapettai |language=ta-IN |archive-date=24 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924070142/https://www.cinemapettai.com/sun-tv-serial-that-beat-up-the-entire-channel-vikatan-which-gave-7-awards/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-09 |title=Ananda Vikatan Chinnathirai Awards 2023: Celebrating Tamil Television Excellence |url=https://www.medianews4u.com/ananda-vikatan-chinnathirai-awards-2023-celebrating-tamil-television-excellence/ |access-date=2024-09-23 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=டீம் |first=விகடன் |date=2024-07-14 |title=2023 ஆனந்த விகடன் சின்னத்திரை விருதுகள் வென்ற நட்சத்திரங்கள் யார் யார்? |url=https://cinema.vikatan.com/ananda-vikatan-television-awards-2023-winners-list |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Ananda Vikatan |language=ta}}</ref>
|-
|Best Comedian - Female
|[[Haripriya Isai]]
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Comedian - Male
|Vimal Kumar J
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Director
|[[V. Thiruselvam]]
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Serial
|''Ethirneechal''
|{{Won}}
|-
|Television Talk Of The Year
|[[G. Marimuthu]]
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Cinematography
|Santhanam
|{{Won}}
|-
|Galata Nakshatra Awards
|Best Television Show
|''Ethirneechal''
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=POts4Zq6Fm2QBH-p&v=OLnnnEgUmK8&feature=youtu.be |title=சிறந்த தொலைக்காட்சி தொடர், உறைந்த Ethirneechal குடும்பம்😢Thiruselvam {{!}} Marimuthu |date=2024-02-10 |last=Galatta Tamil {{!}} கலாட்டா தமிழ் |access-date=2024-10-12 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |2025
|[[Sun Kudumbam Viruthugal]]
|Ninaivil Neengatha Kathapaathiram
|[[G. Marimuthu]]
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=m1SGMG-wwOMoTh8L&v=-FBWVHdEBU0&feature=youtu.be |title=Paying Tribute to Marimuthu {{!}}Ninaivil Neengatha Kathapaathiram {{!}}Sun Kudumbam Virudhugal 2025{{!}} Sun TV |date=2025-03-03 |last=Sun TV |access-date=2025-03-04 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Ananda Vikatan Awards|Ananda Vikatan Television Awards]]
|Best Screenplay
|[[V. Thiruselvam]]
|{{Won}}
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vikatan Tele Awards 2024: "விருது அங்கீகாரம் மட்டுமல்ல, அது ஒரு பொறுப்புணர்வு" - கார்த்திகைச் செல்வன்|url=https://cinema.vikatan.com/television/ananda-vikatan-television-awards-for-2024-live-blog|website=www.vikatan.com/|access-date=2026-02-02|language=ta|first=சி|last=அர்ச்சுணன்,மு.பூபாலன்}}</ref>
|-
|Best Supporting Actress
|Priyadharshini
|{{Won}}
|-
| rowspan="4" |2026
| rowspan="4" |[[Tamil Nadu State Awards|Tamil Nadu State Television Awards]]
|Best Television Show (2022)
|''Ethirneechal''
|{{Won}}
| rowspan="4" |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tamil Nadu State Film Awards 2016-2022 and TV Awards 2014-2022 announced {{!}} Full list|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/southern_cinema/tamil-nadu-state-film-awards-2016-2022-and-tv-awards-2014-2022-announced-full-list-1503548795.html|website=The Statesman|date=2026-01-30|access-date=2026-02-02|language=en-US|first=Statesman News|last=Service}}</ref>
|-
|Best Character Actress (2022)
|[[Kaniha]]
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Villain (2022)
|[[G. Marimuthu]]
|{{Won}}
|-
|Best Dialogue Writer (2022)
|Sri Vidhya
|{{Won}}
|}

===Season 2===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Year
! scope="col"| Award{{efn|Awards, festivals and organizations are in Alphabetical order.}}
! scope="col"| Category
! scope="col"| Recipient(s)
! scope="col" class="unsortable"| Result
! scope="col" class="unsortable"| {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
|2025
|[[Sun Kudumbam Viruthugal]]
|Thanga Mangaigal
|[[Kaniha]], Priyadarshini, [[Haripriya Isai]], Parvathy
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=WBwr0Br5ktjQ6D8t&v=woXWXMWth50&feature=youtu.be |title=சன் குடும்பத்தின் தங்கமங்கைகள் {{!}} #Renuka #Nandhini #Janani {{!}} Sun Kudumbam Virudhugal 2025 {{!}} Sun TV |date=2025-03-10 |last=Sun TV |access-date=2025-04-25 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
|2026
|Indian Awards Television
|Most Popular Actress
|Kaniha
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DWotmRckjgS/ |title=Actress Kaniha won Most Popular Actress for Ethirneechal Thodargiradhu |date=2026-04-04 |access-date=2026-04-04 }}</ref>
|-
|}

== Adaptations ==
''Ethirneechal'' has been remade in other languages such as in [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[Kannada]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and [[Marathi language|Marathi]]. It is broadcast on [[Sun TV Network]]'s group of channels in the respective language.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|- style="color:black"
! style="background: Violet;color:Black"| Language
! style="background:Violet;color:Black"| Title
! style="background:Violet;color:Black"| Original release
! style="background:Violet;color:Black"| Network(s)
! style="background:Violet;color:Black"| Last aired
! style="background:Violet;color:Black"| Notes
! style="background:Violet;color:Black"| Ref.
|-
|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
|''Ethirneechal'' எதிர்நீச்சல்
|7 February 2022
|[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|8 June 2024
|Original
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|''[[Uppena (TV series)|Uppena]]'' ఉప్పెన
|4 April 2022
|[[Gemini TV]]
|22 June 2024
| rowspan="6" |Remake
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Uppena Gemini TV Serial Launching On 4th April - Remake Of Ethirneechal|url=https://www.indiantvinfo.com/uppena-gemini-serial-cast/|website=Indian TV News|date=April 2022 |access-date=5 November 2022|archive-date=2 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002085408/https://www.indiantvinfo.com/uppena-gemini-serial-cast/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Malayalam]]
|''[[Kanalpoovu]]'' കനൽപൂവ്
|24 July 2022
|[[Surya TV]]
|rowspan="2" |27 October 2024
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kanalpoovu Surya TV Serial Cast|url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/photo-gallery/kanalpoovu-serial-telecasting-in-surya-tv-location-photos-shared-by-actor-naveen-arakkal-127687|website=Zee News|access-date=30 June 2023|archive-date=30 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630121046/https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/photo-gallery/kanalpoovu-serial-telecasting-in-surya-tv-location-photos-shared-by-actor-naveen-arakkal-127687|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kannada]]
|''[[Janani (TV series)|Janani]]'' ಜನನಿ
|15 August 2022
|[[Udaya TV]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiantvinfo.com/janani-serial-udaya-tv-star-cast/|title=Janani Serial Udaya TV Launching on 15th August at 09:00 PM – Monday to Saturday|website=IndianTVInfo|access-date=5 November 2022|archive-date=26 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026135715/https://www.indiantvinfo.com/janani-serial-udaya-tv-star-cast/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Bengali language|Bengali]]
|''Alor Theekana'' আলোর ঠিকানা
|19 September 2022
|[[Sun Bangla]]
|15 October 2023
|<ref name="tv9bangla.com">{{Cite news|url=https://tv9bangla.com/entertainment/sun-bangla-new-serial-alor-thikana-know-all-about-from-plot-to-cast-au60-646470.html|title=Sun Bangla New Serial Alor Theekana! Know All About From Plot to Cast|website=TV9 Bangla|language=bn|access-date=5 November 2022|archive-date=5 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105141351/https://tv9bangla.com/entertainment/sun-bangla-new-serial-alor-thikana-know-all-about-from-plot-to-cast-au60-646470.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Marathi language|Marathi]]
|''Shabbas Sunbai'' शाब्बास सूनबाई
|14 November 2022
|[[Sun Marathi]]
|15 July 2023
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=The story of a girl, who from birth, was blessed to be first in everything in life, don't forget to watch the new serial "Shabbas Sunbai" only on Sun Marathi|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CkOP4c7pMTM/?hl=en|website=[[Instagram]]|language=en}}</ref>
|}

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt17494560}}

{{Sun TV shows}}

[[Category:Sun TV original programming]]
[[Category:Tamil-language melodrama television series]]
[[Category:2022 Tamil-language television series debuts]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Tamil-language television shows]]
[[Category:Television series by Sun Entertainment]]
[[Category:2024 Tamil-language television seasons]]

Parastylotermes

2026-04-27T18:54:24Z

Shelia6340: Started New Pg - done

{{Short description|Extinct genus of termites}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range= {{Fossilrange|52|Miocene|[[Ypresian]] - [[Miocene]]}}
| image =ZooKeys-148-105-g001 Parastylotermes krishnai.jpg
| image_caption = ''P. krishnai'' holotype
| taxon = Parastylotermes
| authority = [[species:Thomas Elliott Snyder|Snyder]] and [[Alfred E. Emerson|Emerson]], 1949
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
*see text
}}

'''''Parastylotermes''''' is an [[extinct]] [[genus]] of [[termite]] in the [[Isoptera]] family [[Stylotermitidae]] known from North America, Europe, and India. The genus contains five described species, '''''Parastylotermes calico''''', '''''Parastylotermes frazieri''''', '''''Parastylotermes krishnai''''', '''''Parastylotermes robustus''''', and '''''Parastylotermes washingtonensis'''''.<ref name="Engel2011">{{Cite journal |last1=Engel |first1=M.S. |last2=Grimaldi |first2=D.A. |last3=Nascimbene |first3=P.C. |last4=Singh |first4=H. |year=2011 |title=The termites of Early Eocene Cambay amber, with the earliest record of the Termitidae (Isoptera) |journal= ZooKeys |volume=148 |pages = 105–123 |doi= 10.3897/zookeys.148.1797 |pmid=22287892 |pmc=3264413|doi-access=free |bibcode=2011ZooK..148..105E }}</ref>

==History and classification==
''Parastylotermes'' was first described by [[entomologist]]s [[species:Thomas Elliott Snyder|Thomas E. Snyder]] and [[Alfred E. Emerson]] in the 1949 paper ''Catalog of the termites (Isoptera) of the world''. Prior to 1949, both ''P. washingtonensis'' and ''P. robustus'' were placed in separate modern species. Snyder and Emerson placed ''Parastylotermes'' in Stylotermitidae, which at that time was considered a subfamily, Stylotermitinae, of the family [[Rhinotermitidae]].<ref name="Snyder1949">{{Cite journal |last1=Snyder |first1=T.E. |year=1949 |title=Catalog of the termites (Isoptera) of the world |journal= Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections |volume=112 |page =366 |url= https://archive.org/details/smithsonianmisce1121949smit}}</ref>

==Species==

===''P. robustus''===
''P. robustus'' was the first species to be described, having been published by Baron Kurt von Rosen as ''Leucotermes robustus'' in 1913. Fossils of the species were recovered from the Middle Eocene, [[Lutetian]], "Blue Earth" [[Baltic amber]] deposits, with three [[imago]]s and four isolated wings known. Of the five known specimens, the original type series of fossils that von Rosen used in describing the species were held in the [[Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie]] collections and are thought destroyed during [[World War II]]. Von Rosen noted in his type description of the species that he was uncertain of its genus placement. Since then the species has been moved several first to ''Leucotermes (Reticulitermes) robustus'', then to ''Reticulitermes robustus'' when ''[[Reticulitermes]]'' was changed from a subgenus to a full genus. Finally the species was transferred to ''Parastylotermes'' by Snyder and Emerson in 1949. ''P. robustus'' and ''P. krishnai'' are the only two species which are known from more than isolated wings.<ref name="Engel2011"/> ''P. robustus'' can be distinguished from ''P. washingtonensis'' by is age and its shorter, wider, wings which are estimated to be {{convert|9.40|by|3.17|mm|in}}.<ref name="Emerson1971">{{Cite journal |last1=Emerson |first1=A.E. |year=1971 |title=Tertiary fossil species of the Rhinotermitidae (Isoptera), phylogeny of genera, and reciprocal phylogeny of associated Flagellata (Protozoa) and the Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) |journal= Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History |volume=146 |issue=3 |pages =243–304 |hdl=2246/1093 |url= http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/handle/2246/1093}}</ref>

===''P. washingtonensis''===
''P. washingtonensis'', described by Snyder in 1931 as ''Stylotermes washingtonensis'', is the [[type species]] for ''Parastylotermes''. The species, like ''P. frazieri'' and ''P. calico'', is known from a single isolated wing. The front right fore-wing was found in sediments of the [[Latah Formation]] near [[Spokane, Washington]]. The formation is dated to the Upper Miocene placing as similar in age to both other western North American species, both being middle Miocene in age. The specimen is housed as specimen ''MCZ 2943 ab'' in the [[Museum of Comparative Zoology]] on the [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] grounds on [[Harvard University]]. At an estimated {{convert|10.72|mm|in}} length from the costal suture to the tip and a full {{convert|11.5|mm|in}}, is one of the largest species of ''Parastylotermes'', with ''P. calico'' estimated to have been slightly larger. The structuring of the median and cubitus veins are cited as the major differences between ''P. washingtonensis'' and ''P. calico''.<ref name="Emerson1971"/>

===''P. frazieri''===
''P. frazieri'' was the third species of ''Parastylotermes'' to be described and is known from a single wing collected in 1954 by T. H. McCulloh of the [[United States Geological Survey]] and deposited into the [[Smithsonian Institution]] as specimen number 62383. The wing was recovered from an {{convert|80|by|70|mm|in}} [[calcium carbonate]] nodule recovered from the Frazier borax mine in Ventura county California. When Thomas Snyder described the specimen in 1955 he was uncertain whether the wing was in fact a fore-wing. The wing is {{convert|10|mm|in}} long and {{convert|3.0|mm|in}} wide and differs from ''P. washingtonensis'' in the placement of the median vein, which is farther from the cubitus vein in ''P. frazieri'' then in ''P. washingtonensis''.<ref name="Snyder1955">{{Cite journal |last1=Snyder |first1=T.E. |year=1955 |title=A new fossil termite, ''Parastylotermes frazieri'', from California (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae) |journal=Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=79–80 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/55394 }}</ref> In the time after the species description and reexamination of the type specimen by Emerson in 1971 the tip half of fossil has been lost, with only the basal half surviving.<ref name="Emerson1971"/>

===''P. calico''===
''P. calico'' was the last North American species of ''Parastylotermes '' to be described, with William D. Pierce publishing the species description in 1958. The isolated wing fragment, ''LACM 533'', from which the species was described was found in 1957 by Wilma Webster in the [[Calico Mountains (California)|Calico Mountains]], [[San Bernardino County, California]]. The nodule on which the fossil is preserved is housed in the [[Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County|L.A. County Museum]]. Due to the incomplete nature of the wing, being only the basal {{convert|7.8|mm|in}} of the wing, it can not be determined if it was a fore or hind-wing though the apparent lack of an anal vein suggests that it may be a fore-wing. While agreeing with Pierce that the description of the wing as a separate species, Emerson noted that there were few features distinguishing ''P. calico'' from ''P. washingtonensis''.<ref name="Emerson1971"/><ref name="Pierce1958">{{Cite journal |last1=Pierce |first1=W.D. |year=1958 |title=Fossil arthropods of California. No. 21. Termites from Calico Mountains nodules |journal=Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=13–24 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34214120#page/431/mode/1up }}</ref>

===''P. krishnai''===
[[File:ZooKeys-148-105-g003 Parastylotermes krishnai.jpg|thumb|right|upright|''P. krishnai'' wing and leg detail]]
''P. krishnai'' is known from two adults, which are [[Inclusion (mineral)|inclusions]] in amber, making it the second species known from amber inclusions. The [[holotype]] amber specimen, number ''Tad-277'', is currently housed in the fossil collection of the [[Birbal Sahni]] Institute of Palaeobotany in [[Lucknow]], India and the second known adult, ''Tad-96'' is in the collections of the [[American Museum of Natural History]]. The holotype is composed of a mostly complete adult of indeterminate sex, whereas ''Tad-96'' is a crushed adult, though enough features are present to strongly indicate its placement in ''P. krishnai''. Cambay amber dates to between fifty and fifty-two million years old, placing it in the Early to Mid Ypresian age of the Eocene, and was preserved in a [[brackish]] shore environment. The amber formed from a [[Dammar gum|dammar type resin]] which is produced mainly by trees in the family [[Dipterocarpaceae]].<ref name="Rust2010">{{Cite journal |last1=Rust |first1=J. |year=2010 |title=Biogeographic and evolutionary implications of a diverse paleobiota in amber from the early Eocene of India |journal= Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=107 |issue=43 |pages=18360–18365 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1007407107|display-authors=etal |pmid=20974929 |pmc=2972964|bibcode=2010PNAS..10718360R |doi-access=free }}</ref> The specimens were recovered from the Tadkeshwar lignite mine, located in [[Gujarat State]], during collecting trips in January 2009 and 2010.<ref name="Engel2011"/> The fossils were first studied by paleoentomologists [[Michael S. Engel]] and [[David Grimaldi (entomologist)|David Grimaldi]].and their 2011 [[Type (biology)|type description]] of the species was published in the journal ''[[ZooKeys]]''.<ref name="Engel2011"/> The [[specific name (zoology)|specific epithet]] ''krishnai'' is in honor of Kumar Krishna, considered a world authority on fossil and living termites.<ref name="Engel2011"/> The species has a body length of approximately {{convert|4.0|mm|in}} and a fore-wing length of {{convert|5.7|mm|in}} making it the smallest species known. ''P. krishnai'' also shows a distinct more basal placement of the Medial vein fork then seen in the other species with the wing tip preserved. A notable distinction between ''P. robustus'' and ''P. krishnai'' is difference in numbers of [[Antenna (biology)|antenna segments]]. ''P. robustus'' has between sixteen and seventeen segments while ''P. krishnai'' has only fourteen.<ref name="Engel2011"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q7136046}}

[[Category:Termite genera]]
[[Category:Prehistoric insect genera]]
[[Category:Eocene insects]]
[[Category:Miocene insects]]
[[Category:Cenozoic insects of Asia]]
[[Category:Prehistoric insects of North America]]
[[Category:Cenozoic insects of Europe]]
[[Category:Latah Formation]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1913]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1931]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1949]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1954]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1959]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 2011]]

Debra Assembly constituency

2026-04-22T18:22:08Z

Shelia6340: Put up new article needs work

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{other uses|Debra (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Debra
| type= SLA
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Vidhan Sabha constituencies/West Bengal/Debra.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Debra Assembly Constituency
| map_alt =
| mla = [[Humayun Kabir (Debra politician)|Humayun Kabir]]
| party = [[Trinamool Congress]]
| alliance =
| latest_election_year = [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| district = [[Paschim Medinipur district|Paschim Medinipur]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Ghatal (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ghatal]]
| constituency_no = 229
| established = 1957
| electors = 184,213
| reservation = None
| abolished =
}}

'''Debra Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Paschim Medinipur district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Overview==
As per orders of the [[Delimitation Commission of India|Delimitation Commission]], No. 229 Debra Assembly constituency is composed of the following: [[Debra (community development block)|Debra]] [[Community Development Block in India|community development block]].<ref name=delimitation>{{cite web|url=http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |title=Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 dated 15 February 2006 |access-date=2010-10-15 |publisher=Government of West Bengal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918130255/http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |archive-date=2010-09-18 }}</ref>

Debra Assembly constituency is part of No. 32 [[Ghatal (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name=delimitation/> It was earlier part of [[Panskura (Lok Sabha constituency)]].

==Election results==

===2026===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Debra}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Rajib Banerjee|party=Trinamool Congress|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Subhashis Om|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate= Sumit Adhikari|party=Left Front (West Bengal)|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=|party=Indian National Congress|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]|party=None of the above (India)|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner =
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2021===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Debra }}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Humayun Kabir (Debra politician)|Humayun Kabir]]
|votes = 95,850
|percentage = 47.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Bharati Ghosh
|votes = 84,624
|percentage = 41.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Prankrishna Mondal
|votes = 20,723
|percentage = 10.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Socialist Unity Centre of India
|candidate = Dipankar Maity
|votes = 1,509
|percentage = 1.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = NOTA
|candidate = None of the Above
|votes = 1,353
|percentage = 1.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 11,226
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2011===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2011 West Bengal state assembly election]]: Debra<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=229| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120526064308/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=229| url-status = usurped| archive-date = 26 May 2012|title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work = Debra| publisher =Empowering India |access-date = 2011-05-06 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_5th_phase.pdf |title=West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work=Debra |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=2011-05-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912030706/http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_5th_phase.pdf |archive-date=2011-09-12 }}</ref>}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Radhakanta Maiti]]
|votes = 86,215
|percentage = 50.57
|change = +6.52#
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Sk. Sorab Hossein
|votes = 77,402
|percentage = 45.40
|change = -10.56
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Dilip Kumar Roy
|votes = 3,893
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian People's Forward Bloc
|candidate = Tanbir Murshed Khan
|votes = 2,969
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 170,479
|percentage = 92.54
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing = 17.08#
}}
{{Election box end}}

.# Swing calculated on Congress+Trinamool Congress vote percentages taken together in 2006.

===1977-2006===
[[Sheikh Jahangir Karim]] of [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPI(M)) won the Debra assembly seat, five times in a row from 1987 to 2006, defeating Mrigendra Nath Maiti of [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]] in [[2006 West Bengal state assembly election|2006]], Radha Kanta Maiti of Trinamool Congress in 2001 Rabindra Nath Bera of [[Indian National Congress]] in 1996, and Sk. Mohammed Daud of Congress in 1991 and 1987. Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners are being mentioned. [[Syed Moazzam Hossain]] of CPI(M) defeated Rabindra Nath Bera of Congress in 1982 and Sukumar Das of Congress in 1977.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/archive/ElectionAnalysis/AE/S25/Partycomp218.htm |title = 218 - Debra Assembly Constituency |work = Partywise Comparison Since 1977 | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 2010-12-20 }}</ref>

===1957-1972===
Rabindra Nath Bera of Congress won in 1972 and 1971. Bijoy Krishna Samanata won in 1969. K.Chakraborty of [[Bangla Congress]] won in 1967. Santosh Kumar Mukherjee of Congress won in [[1962 West Bengal state assembly election|1962]]. Mohini Mohan Pati of Congress won in [[1957 West Bengal state assembly election|1957]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/electionstatistics.asp | title = Statistical Reports of Elections | access-date = 2010-12-20 | work = General Election Results and Statistics | publisher = Election Commission of India | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101005110118/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp | archive-date = 2010-10-05 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Paschim Medinipur topics}}
{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}

{{West Bengal elections}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of Paschim Medinipur district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1957]]
[[Category:1957 establishments in West Bengal]]

Laisram Achaw Singh

2026-04-19T23:44:07Z

Shelia6340: Put up new biography

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Achaw Singh Laisram
| birth_name =
| caption =
| image =
| birth_date = {{birth date text|November 1920}}
| birth_place = Wangkei Ayangpalli, [[Imphal]], [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur]], [[British India]] (now in [[Manipur]], [[India]])
| death_date =
| death_place =
| office = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| constituency = [[Inner Manipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Inner Manipur]]
| term = 1952-1957
| predecessor = [[Jogeswar Singh Laisram]]
| successor = [[M. Meghachandra]]
| office1 =
| constituency1 =
| term1 =
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 =
| office2 =
| constituency2 =
| term_start2 =
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| party = Socialist Party of India
| parents =
| other_party =
| spouse = Sumati Devi
| children =
| website =
| footnotes =
| date =
| year =
| source = https://loksabha.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/1231.htm
}}

'''Achaw Singh Laisram''' was an Indian politician. He was a [[Member of Parliament]], representing [[Inner Manipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Inner Manipur]] in the [[Lok Sabha]] the [[lower house]] of [[Parliament of India|India's Parliament]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://nenow.in/north-east-news/constituency-watch-cong-takes-risk-fielding-new-face-in-inner-manipur-ls-seat.html | title=Constituency Watch: Cong takes risk fielding new face in Inner Manipur LS seat | publisher=NorthEast Now | date=31 March 2019 | accessdate=26 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thestatesman.com/features/manipur-s-other-iron-lady-1480283598.html | title=Manipur's other 'Iron Lady' | publisher=The Statesman | work=Yambem Laba | date=27 November 2016 | accessdate=26 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BAYfAQAAMAAJ&q=Achaw+Singh+Laisram+times+of+india | title=The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who | publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company | author=Sir Stanley Reed | year=1960}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://loksabha.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/1231.htm Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Laisram, Achaw Singh}}
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Manipur]]
[[Category:India MPs 1957–1962]]
[[Category:1920 births]]
[[Category:Year of death missing]]

Bhawanipore Club

2026-04-18T07:07:56Z

Shelia6340: New.

{{Short description|Association football club in Kolkata, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2016}}
{{Infobox football club
| clubname = Bhawanipore ভবানীপুর
| image = Bhawanipore FC.svg
| upright = 0.9
| short name = BFC
| fullname = Bhawanipore Club<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/teams/india/bhawanipore-fc/20936/|title=Bhawanipore Football Club|website=Soccerway.com|access-date=1 March 2021|archive-date=1 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901100839/https://int.soccerway.com/teams/india/bhawanipore-fc/20936/}}</ref>
| nickname = The Yellow Army
| founded = {{start date and age|1910}}
| ground = {{ubl|[[Salt Lake Stadium]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstadiums.com/asia/countries/india.shtml |title=Stadiums in India |publisher=World Stadiums |access-date=2014-07-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924095432/http://www.worldstadiums.com/asia/countries/india.shtml |archive-date=24 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>|[[Rabindra Sarobar Stadium]]}}
| capacity = 85,000 22,000
| owner = [[Sangbad Pratidin]]
| mgrtitle = Head coach
| manager = Saheed Sunkanmi Ramon
| league = [[Calcutta Football League|CFL Premier Division]]
| season =
| position =
| current =
| pattern_la1 = _blueborder
| pattern_b1 = _bluecollar
| pattern_ra1 = _blueborder
| pattern_sh1 =
| pattern_so1 = _goldtop
| leftarm1 = 89CFF0
| body1 = 89CFF0
| rightarm1 = 89CFF0
| shorts1 = 318CE7
| socks1 = 318CE7
| pattern_la2 =
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| pattern_ra3 =
| pattern_sh3 =
| pattern_so3 =
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}}

'''Bhawanipore Club''', also known as '''[[Sangbad Pratidin|সংবাদ প্রতিদিন]] ভবানীপুর ক্লাব''' for sponsorship reasons, is an Indian professional [[association football|football]] club based in [[Bhowanipore]], [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/te62485/|title=Bhawanipore Football Club profile and statistics|website=worldfootball.net|access-date=1 March 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230614150351/https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/bhawanipore-fc/|archive-date=14 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/sports/churchill-brothers-s-shilton-paul-to-join-bhawanipore-club-on-loan-for-2nd-division-i-league-31600509351534.html|language=bn|title=আই লিগের দ্বিতীয় ডিভিশনে ভবানীপুরের দূর্গ সামলাবেন শিল্টন|trans-title=Shilton will handle Bhavanipur's fortress in the second division of I League|website=bangla.hindustantimes.com|date=19 September 2020 |access-date=1 March 2021|archive-date=24 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024094702/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/sports/churchill-brothers-s-shilton-paul-to-join-bhawanipore-club-on-loan-for-2nd-division-i-league-31600509351534.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ifawb.org/clubs/|title=IFAWB Clubs: Men's Division (CFL PREMIER DIVISION)|website=ifawb.org|publisher=[[Indian Football Association]]|access-date=6 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221009123425/https://ifawb.org/clubs/|archive-date=9 October 2022}}</ref> The club was established in 1910,<ref>{{cite news|first=Rahul|last=Bhutani|title=I-League Division 2 : Mohammedan Sporting, Mumbai Tigers Start As Favorites|website=thehardtackle.com|publisher=The Hard Tackle|url=http://www.thehardtackle.com/2013/i-league-division-2-mohammedan-sporting-mumbai-tigers-start-as-favorites/|date=29 March 2013|access-date=30 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522073914/http://www.thehardtackle.com/2013/i-league-division-2-mohammedan-sporting-mumbai-tigers-start-as-favorites/|archive-date=22 May 2013}}</ref> and competed in the [[I-League 2|I-League 2nd Division]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/eighteen-teams-to-compete-in-hero-second-division-league-2019-20|title=Eighteen teams to compete in Hero Second Division League 2019–20|website=the-aiff.com|access-date=2020-01-10|archive-date=8 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808202337/http://www.the-aiff.com/article/eighteen-teams-to-compete-in-hero-second-division-league-2019-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://i-league.org/fixtures-page/|title=Fixtures Page {{!}} Hero I-League|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-23|archive-date=21 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421174619/https://i-league.org/fixtures-page/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=I-League 2nd Div.: United Sikkim beats Bhawanipur 3–2|url=http://isikkim.com/2012-02-i-league-2nd-div-united-sikkim-beats-bhawanipur-3-2-03-01/|publisher=iSikkim|access-date=16 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120408025804/http://isikkim.com/2012-02-i-league-2nd-div-united-sikkim-beats-bhawanipur-3-2-03-01/|archive-date=8 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> then second tier of the [[Indian football league system]]. Bhawanipore is currently competing in the [[Calcutta Football League|CFL Premier Division]].<ref name="telegraphindia1">{{cite web | url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120105/jsp/sports/story_14965336.jsp | title=5 city teams in the 2nd Division | publisher=Calcutta Telegraph | date=2 January 2012 | access-date=7 January 2012 | archive-date=12 July 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712124049/https://www.telegraphindia.com/1120105/jsp/sports/story_14965336.jsp | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=24 July 2016|title=সেরা কোচ পাবেন অমল দত্ত ট্রফি|url=http://www.anandabazar.com/khela/best-football-coach-will-get-amal-dutta-trophy-1.441342#|newspaper=আনন্দবাজার পত্রিকা|access-date=24 July 2016|archive-date=17 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817065227/http://www.anandabazar.com/khela/best-football-coach-will-get-amal-dutta-trophy-1.441342}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Main entrance of the Bhawanipore Football Club tent in Kolkata Maidan, West Bengal, India, photographed on October 21, 2023.jpg|thumb|Main entrance of the Bhawanipore Football Club tent in Kolkata Maidan, West Bengal.]]
Bhawanipore Football Club was founded in 1910 by Nani Mitra in [[Bhowanipore]], [[Kolkata]].<ref name="TOI Bhawanipore">{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/seven-doon-footballers-selected-for-kolkata-based-bhawanipore-f-c-/articleshow/65359038.cms|title=Seven Doon footballers selected for Kolkata based Bhawanipore|date=10 August 2018|agency=TNN|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|publisher=[[The Times of India]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925174224/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/seven-doon-footballers-selected-for-kolkata-based-bhawanipore-f-c-/articleshow/65359038.cms|archive-date=25 September 2022|access-date=5 January 2024}}</ref> After the independence of India, [[Robi Das]] became the first ever footballer from Bhawanipore who represented [[India national football team|India]] in [[Football at the 1948 Summer Olympics|men's tournament]] at the [[1948 Summer Olympics]] in London.<ref>{{cite Sports-Reference |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/da/robi-das-1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418105144/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/da/robi-das-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 April 2020 |title=Robi Das Olympic Results |access-date=10 October 2018}}</ref> At that time Indo-Pak footballer [[Taj Mohammad Sr.]] appeared with the club.<ref>{{Cite web |title=فٹ بال ہیروز کی دُنیا: پبرصغیر فٹبال کا بے تاج بادشاہ تاج لالہ سینئر |trans-title=World of Football Heroes: Taj Lala Senior, the Uncrowned King of Subcontinent Football |url=https://dunya.com.pk/index.php/sports/2013-05-13/129903 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104170831/https://dunya.com.pk/index.php/sports/2013-05-13/129903 |archive-date=4 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-04 |website=[[Daily Dunya]] |language=ur |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite Sports-Reference|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/mo/taj-mohammed-1.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418124051/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/mo/taj-mohammed-1.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 April 2020|title=Taj Mohammed Olympic Results|access-date=10 October 2018}}</ref> The club in 1948, reached the final of [[IFA Shield]] and finished as runner-up after a 2–1 defeat to [[Mohun Bagan AC|Mohun Bagan]].<ref>{{Cite web|first=Arunava|last=Chaudhuri|url=http://www.indianfootball.de/data/ifashield.html|title=List of Winners/Runners-Up of the IFA-Shield|website=indianfootball.de|publisher=Indian Football Network|language=en|access-date=20 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007084853/http://www.indianfootball.de/data/ifashield.html|archive-date=7 October 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/india-ifahist.html|title=India – List of IFA Shield Finals|website=[[RSSSF]]|access-date=20 February 2021|archive-date=31 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121031142319/http://rsssf.com/tablesi/india-ifahist.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=History of Mohun Bagan – Presented by MohunBaganClub.com: 1940–1949|url=http://www.mohunbaganclub.com/history/history-1940-1949/|publisher=Mohun Bagan Athletic Club|date=2014|access-date=26 July 2019|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930004054/http://www.mohunbaganclub.com/history/history-1940-1949/|archive-date=30 September 2022}}</ref> In January 2012, they were officially certified by the [[All India Football Federation]] to participate in the [[I-League 2|I-League 2nd Division]], the second tier of football in India.<ref name="telegraphindia1"/><ref name=March9th>{{cite web|title=I-League 2nd Div: Kicks Off March 9 With 26 Clubs In Three Groups|url=http://feverpitch.in/SiteWeb/Newsdesc.aspx?SID=B4045A2A-823D-4A1C-A5DA-7017CC7BDC35|work=FeverPitch|access-date=24 February 2013|archive-date=12 April 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130412235703/http://feverpitch.in/SiteWeb/Newsdesc.aspx?SID=B4045A2A-823D-4A1C-A5DA-7017CC7BDC35|url-status=usurped}}</ref> After playing 6 games during the season Bhawanipore ended in 6th place out of 7 in Group C and thus failed to move to the Final half. They have also participated in domestic tournaments such as [[IFA Shield]],<ref>[http://www.rediff.com/sports/report/ifa-shield-east-bengal-edge-bhowanipore-club-2-1/20120303.htm IFA Shield: East Bengal edge Bhowanipore Club 2–1 — Rediff.com Sports]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630094447/https://www.rediff.com/sports/report/ifa-shield-east-bengal-edge-bhowanipore-club-2-1/20120303.htm |date=30 June 2021 }}. Rediff.com (2012-03-03). Retrieved on 2012-03-17.</ref> and [[Durand Cup]]. In the 1960s, Bhawanipore have gone through rivalries with two of India's most successful clubs [[Mohun Bagan AC|Mohun Bagan]] and [[East Bengal Club|East Bengal]] in CFL.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mukherjee |first1=Soham |title=1960–1965: When Chuni Goswami & co propelled Mohun Bagan to the zenith of success |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/1960s-mohun-bagan-chuni-goswami-trophies-indian-football/1utzzq9j0icvgze2iw9ple0p1 |website=Goal.com |access-date=26 August 2020 |date=30 April 2020 |archive-date=7 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207100844/https://www.goal.com/en/news/1960s-mohun-bagan-chuni-goswami-trophies-indian-football/1utzzq9j0icvgze2iw9ple0p1 }}</ref> Notable Bengali footballers Asim Moulick and Parimal Dey appeared with the club in 1971.<ref>{{cite web|first=G. C.|last=Das|url=http://www.kolkatafootball.com/kolkatafootball_indian_legend_footballers_profile.html|title=Indian Legendary Football Players Profile: Asim Moulick — Parimal Dey|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914072626/http://www.kolkatafootball.com/kolkatafootball_indian_legend_footballers_profile.html|date=14 September 2008|archive-date=14 September 2008|access-date=25 January 2011|website=kolkatafootball.com|publisher=Kolkata Football}}</ref>

In 2013, Bhawanipore clinched the [[Bordoloi Trophy]], defeating [[Aizawl FC|Aizawl]] 1–0.<ref>{{Cite web|title=India — List of Bordoloi Trophy Winners|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/indiabordoloicuphist.html|date=2015|first=Hans|last=Schöggl|access-date=16 December 2021|website=[[RSSSF]]|archive-date=19 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190319131730/http://rsssf.com/tablesi/indiabordoloicuphist.html}}</ref> They achieved third place in the [[2013 I-League 2nd Division]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kolkatafootball.com/ileague_2nd_2013/index.html|title=AIFF 2nd Divn. I-League – 2013 – Final |website=kolkatafootball.com|archive-date=6 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006205537/https://www.kolkatafootball.com/ileague_2nd_2013/index.html|access-date=30 December 2021}}</ref> In next season, the club participated in [[2014 I-League 2nd Division]] and moved to the [[2014 I-League 2nd Division final round|final round]] of [[I-League|I-League qualifiers]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Kalighat drub United Sikkim|url=http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/mdetails.asp?id=mar3014/sports07|work=assamtribune.com|access-date=15 July 2019}}{{Dead link|date=February 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and achieved second place with 17 points in 8 matches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://i-league.org/?p=10459|title=2nd Division League Starts in Feb '14|access-date=2014-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111052218/http://i-league.org/?p=10459|archive-date=2014-01-11|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://i-league.org/?p=11137|title=2nd Div League: Teams Qualified|access-date=2014-02-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221184619/http://i-league.org/?p=11137|archive-date=2014-02-21|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="I-League">{{cite web|url=http://i-league.org/?p=12667|title=ROYAL WAHINGDOH ARE SECOND DIVISION CHAMPIONS|date=11 April 2014|work=[[I-League]]|access-date=2014-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413123202/http://i-league.org/?p=12667|archive-date=2014-04-13|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiafooty.com/2014/04/13/royal-wahingdoh-are-second-division-champions/|title=Royal Wahingdoh are I-League Second Division champions|website=indiafooty.com|publisher=India Footy|access-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009053117/https://www.indiafooty.com/2014/04/13/royal-wahingdoh-are-second-division-champions/|archive-date=9 October 2023|first1=Abhishek|last1=Shukla}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/competition/soccer/i-league-2nd-division-2014/final-round/3482/|title=2014 I-League 2nd Division final round|website=globalsportsarchive.com|publisher=Global Sports Archive|access-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118220552/https://globalsportsarchive.com/competition/soccer/i-league-2nd-division-2014/final-round/3482/|archive-date=18 November 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref> In May 2018, they officially announced that legendary defender [[Subrata Bhattacharya]] was appointed as new head coach.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/subrata-bhattacharya-returns-to-coaching-with-bhawanipore-fc/1fwxhvvtxxagb1l2a3l16bkv81|title=Subrata Bhattacharya returns to coaching with Bhawanipore FC|date=7 May 2018|access-date=3 October 2022|first=Soham|last=Mukherjee|website=goal.com|publisher=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003104057/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/subrata-bhattacharya-returns-to-coaching-with-bhawanipore-fc/1fwxhvvtxxagb1l2a3l16bkv81|archive-date=3 October 2022}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=August 2025}}

In the [[2019–20 I-League 2nd Division]], Bhawanipore participated and made it to the final round of [[I-League]] qualifiers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.arunfoot.com/i-league-qualifiers-ara-fc-0-2-bhawanipore-fc-goals-highlights/|title=I-League Qualifiers: ARA FC 0-2 Bhawanipore FC – Goals & Highlights!|website=Arunfoot.com|date=30 October 2020 |access-date=12 May 2021|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512150156/http://www.arunfoot.com/i-league-qualifiers-ara-fc-0-2-bhawanipore-fc-goals-highlights/amp/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Sankarlal Chakraborty]] was appointed as head coach and they signed who foreign players; Liberian [[Ansumana Kromah]] and Ghanaian [[Philip Adjah]].<ref name="Mohammedan">{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20210512151450/http://www.mohammedansportingindia.com/?p=4824 Adjah returns to Mohammedan Sporting]}} ''mohammedansportingindia.com''. Retrieved 12 May 2021</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/two-players-test-positive-for-covid-19-ahead-of-i-league-qualifiers/articleshow/78440279.cms|title=Two players test positive for Covid19 ahead of the I-League qualifiers in Kolkata|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|publisher=[[The Times of India]]|date=2 October 2020|access-date=12 May 2021|first=Aritra|last=Chowdhury|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418051201/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/two-players-test-positive-for-covid-19-ahead-of-i-league-qualifiers/articleshow/78440279.cms|archive-date=18 April 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]], usual final round format was scrapped off. It was decided that the final round of the league will be rescheduled into a new format and all the non-reserve teams from the preliminary stage will automatically progress to this round. It was officially named as ''I-League Qualifiers''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hero I-League Qualifier 2020 to get underway on October 8 {{!}} Hero I-League|url=https://i-league.org/hero-i-league-qualifier-2020-to-get-underway-on-october-8/|access-date=2020-10-08|language=en-US|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512151951/https://i-league.org/hero-i-league-qualifier-2020-to-get-underway-on-october-8/|url-status=live}}</ref> The teams from the preliminary round were scheduled to play in a [[Round-robin tournament|round-robin format]] in two venues, at the [[Salt Lake Stadium]] in [[Kolkata]] and [[Kalyani Stadium]] in [[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani]], near Kolkata to advance to the [[2020–21 I-League]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hero I-League Qualifier 2020 to get underway on October 8|url=https://i-league.org/hero-i-league-qualifier-2020-to-get-underway-on-october-8/|access-date=2020-09-16|language=en-US|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512151951/https://i-league.org/hero-i-league-qualifier-2020-to-get-underway-on-october-8/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=2nd Division League to begin in September, I-League by late November or early December|url=https://thefangarage.com/articles/17572-2nd-division-league-to-begin-in-september-i-league-by-late-november-or-early-december|access-date=2020-08-20|work=The Fan Garage|date=19 August 2020 |archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512151951/https://thefangarage.com/articles/17572-2nd-division-league-to-begin-in-september-i-league-by-late-november-or-early-december|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/bhawanipore-fc-i-league-2020-qualifier-win-return-6716203/lite/ Bhawanipore FC marks the return of I-League with a win in qualifier] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729162122/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/bhawanipore-fc-i-league-2020-qualifier-win-return-6716203/lite/ |date=29 July 2021 }} ''indianexpress.com''. Retrieved 29 July 2021</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=I-League 2020 Qualifiers: Mohammedan Sporting thrash ARA, Bengaluru United edge Garhwal {{!}} Goal.com|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/i-league-2020-21-qualifiers-mohammedan-sporting-win/10vygghw3bmy41by0cvm65hijo|access-date=2020-11-23|website=www.goal.com|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130210057/https://www.goal.com/en-in/news/i-league-2020-21-qualifiers-mohammedan-sporting-win/10vygghw3bmy41by0cvm65hijo|url-status=live}}</ref> Bhawanipore finished on the second position of the league table at the end of I-League qualifiers, with 9 points in 4 matches.<ref>[https://i-league.org/points-table/hil-qualifiers/ I-League Qualifiers 2020] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306224231/https://i-league.org/points-table/hil-qualifiers/ |date=6 March 2021 }} ''i-league.org''. Retrieved 12 May 2021</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mohammedan secure coveted Hero I-League return after 2-0 win over Bhawanipore |url=https://i-league.org/mohammedan-secure-coveted-hero-i-league-return-after-2-0-win-over-bhawanipore/ |date=16 October 2020 |website=i-league.org |publisher=AIFF |access-date=16 October 2020 |archive-date=20 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020014254/https://i-league.org/mohammedan-secure-coveted-hero-i-league-return-after-2-0-win-over-bhawanipore/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In [[2022 CFL Premier Division|2022 Calcutta Premier Division]], Bhawanipore as group champion, qualified to "super six" round and finished as runner-up, behind Mohammedan Sporting.<ref>{{cite web|first=Sulaya|last=Singha|url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/sports/football/bhawanipore-club-becomes-the-group-champion-of-cfl-2022/|title=এক ম্যাচ বাকি থাকতেই গ্রুপ চ্যাম্পিয়ন হয়ে কলকাতা লিগের সুপার সিক্সে ভবানীপুর ক্লাব|date=10 September 2022|access-date=31 October 2022|trans-title=Bhawanipore Club became the group champion in Super Six of Calcutta League with one match left|website=sangbadpratidin.in|publisher=Sangbad Pratidin Digital|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019125918/https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/sports/football/bhawanipore-club-becomes-the-group-champion-of-cfl-2022/|archive-date=19 October 2022}}</ref><ref name="BFC 1"/> In June 2023, the Indian Football Association made an announcement that the merger of both Premier Division A and B of the [[Calcutta Football League]] have done ahead of its 125th edition, in which Bhawanipore was allowed to compete in Group II.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thefangarage.com/articles/19091-calcutta-football-league-cfl-goes-bigger-than-ever-for-its-historic-125th-season|title=Calcutta Football League (CFL) goes bigger than ever for its historic 125th season|website=thefangarage.com|publisher=The Fan Garage|location=Kolkata|date=5 June 2023|access-date=6 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606060715/https://thefangarage.com/articles/19091-calcutta-football-league-cfl-goes-bigger-than-ever-for-its-historic-125th-season|archive-date=6 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=31 May 2023|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/cfl-premier-div-a-b-to-be-merged/articleshow/100636021.cms|location=Kolkata|title=CFL Premier Div 'A' & 'B' to be merged|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=8 June 2023|archive-date=31 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531031053/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/cfl-premier-div-a-b-to-be-merged/articleshow/100636021.cms}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Sanghamitra|last=Chakraborty|date=5 June 2023|url=https://tv9bangla.com/sports/football/have-a-look-on-2023-calcutta-football-league-premier-division-group-stage-830841.html|title=Calcutta Football League: মোহনবাগান-মহমেডানের গ্রুপে অভিষেকের ক্লাব, ইস্টবেঙ্গলের গ্রুপে ভবানীপুর|trans-title=Calcutta Football League: Debutant club in Mohun Bagan-Mohammedan group, Bhavanipur in East Bengal group|language=bn|work=TV9 Bangla|accessdate=5 June 2023|archive-date=5 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605154245/https://tv9bangla.com/sports/football/have-a-look-on-2023-calcutta-football-league-premier-division-group-stage-830841.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Koushik|last=Biswas|date=5 June 2023|url=https://eisamay.com/sports/football/news/mohun-bagan-is-in-comparatively-tough-group-in-calcutta-football-league/articleshow/100770942.cms|title=Calcutta Football League : বাজল কলকাতা ফুটবল লিগের ঘণ্টা, কঠিন গ্রুপে মোহনবাগান|trans-title=Calcutta Football League: Bell of Calcutta Football League rings, Mohun Bagan in tough group|language=bn|work=Ei Samay|access-date=5 June 2023|archive-date=5 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605154719/https://eisamay.com/sports/football/news/mohun-bagan-is-in-comparatively-tough-group-in-calcutta-football-league/articleshow/100770942.cms}}</ref> The club later qualified for CFL "Super Six" round.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indianfootballnews.in/2023/09/calcutta-football-league-super-six-cfl-2023-fixtures.html|title=Calcutta Football League 2023: Confirmed Super Six Phase Teams|publisher=Indian Football News|date=20 September 2023|access-date=21 September 2023|location=Kolkata|website=indianfootballnews.in|archive-date=21 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921134805/https://www.indianfootballnews.in/2023/09/calcutta-football-league-super-six-cfl-2023-fixtures.html}}</ref> They gained [[I-League 3]] spot in August 2023, to compete in the [[2023–24 I-League 3|inaugural edition]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-22 |title=Major AIFF Decisions: 15 Clubs Nominated In 3rd Division; Youth Quota In I League Teams |url=https://thefangarage.com/articles/19829-major-aiff-decisions-15-clubs-nominated-in-3rd-division-youth-quota-in-i-league-teams |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=thefangarage.com |archive-date=18 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918105857/https://thefangarage.com/articles/19829-major-aiff-decisions-15-clubs-nominated-in-3rd-division-youth-quota-in-i-league-teams }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-22 |title=AIFF League Committee: Youth quota for I-League, State FAs nominate 3rd Division League clubs |url=https://theawayend.co/2023/08/22/aiff-league-committee-youth-quota-i-league-state-fas-nominate-3rd-division-league-clubs/ |access-date=2023-10-12 |website=The Away End |archive-date=8 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108050756/https://theawayend.co/2023/08/22/aiff-league-committee-youth-quota-i-league-state-fas-nominate-3rd-division-league-clubs/ }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |first1=Flavio |last1=Lopes |date=25 September 2023 |agency=TNN |location=Panaji |title=Third Division: Dempo to play at home, Sporting away |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/third-division-dempo-to-play-at-home-sporting-away/articleshow/103913923.cms |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com |publisher=[[The Times of India]] |archive-date=28 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928075342/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/third-division-dempo-to-play-at-home-sporting-away/articleshow/103913923.cms }}</ref>

Bhawanipore finished 3rd in the Super Six stage of the [[2024–25 CFL Premier Division]] and qualified for the [[2025–26 I-League 3]].

==Management and sponsorship==
In 2012, [[Sangbad Pratidin]] became a premium sponsor of the club and they were also affiliated with [[Mohun Bagan AC]].<ref name="ET">{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/company/sangbad-pratidin-bhawanipore-football-club-private-limited/U92412WB2011PTC171097?from=mdr|title=Sangbad Pratidin Bhawanipore Football Club Private Limited|location=Kolkata|website=economictimes.com|publisher=[[The Economic Times]]|access-date=12 May 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109052944/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/company/sangbad-pratidin-bhawanipore-football-club-private-limited/U92412WB2011PTC171097|archive-date=9 November 2022}}</ref> Sangbad Pratidin Bhawanipore Football Club Private Limited was incorporated on 22 December 2011.<ref name="ET"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/club/players/8070/6|title=Team Profile — Players & Statistics: Bhawanipore Football Club|website=the-aiff.com|publisher=[[All India Football Federation]]|location=New Delhi|access-date=5 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006080316/https://www.the-aiff.com/club/players/8070/6|archive-date=6 October 2022}}</ref>

==Kit manufacturers and shirt sponsors==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin-left:1em;float:center"
|-
!Period
!Kit manufacturer
!Shirt sponsor
|-
|2012
|[[Cosco (India) Limited|Cosco]]
|[[Sangbad Pratidin]]<ref>[https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/sangbad-pratidin-bhawanipore-fc/14575/ Sangbad Pratidin Bhawanipore Football Club profile and archive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512154233/https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/sangbad-pratidin-bhawanipore-fc/14575/ |date=12 May 2021 }} ''globalsportsarchive.com''. Retrieved 12 May 2021</ref>
|-
|}

==Rivalry==
Bhawanipore has the rivalries with other two [[Calcutta Football League]] sides [[Kalighat Milan Sangha FC|Kalighat Milan Sangha]] and [[Tollygunge Agragami FC]], which is often referred to as the ''"South Kolkata Derby"''.<ref name="KN1">{{cite news|first=Sourav|last=Ganguly|title=Top five underdog teams in Calcutta Football League 2019|url=https://khelnow.com/news/article/calcutta-football-league-2019-top-five-underdog-teams|access-date=27 July 2019|website=khelnow.com|publisher=Khel Now|date=25 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518013020/https://khelnow.com/football/calcutta-football-league-2019-top-five-underdog-teams|archive-date=18 May 2020}}</ref>

===South Kolkata Derby===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! Opponent
! Played
! Wins
! Draws
! Losses

|-
| Bhawanipore
| 5|| 5|| 0 || 0
|-
|[[Tollygunge Agragami FC|Tollygunge Agragami]]
| 6 || 0 || 6 || 0
|-
| [[Kalighat Milan Sangha FC|Kalighat Milan Sangha]]
| 7 || 1 || 6 || 0
|-
|Total
! 18 !! 1 !! 16 !! 1
|}

==Season statistics==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Season
! Div.
! Tms.
! Pos.
!Attendance/G
! [[Federation Cup (India)|Federation Cup]]'''/'''[[Super Cup (India)|Super Cup]]

!colspan=1|[[AFC Champions League]]
!colspan=1|[[AFC Cup]]

|-
|align=center| [[2012 I-League 2nd Division|2012–13]]
|align=center |IL2
|align=center|23
|align=center|'''G6th'''
|align=center| -
|align=center| DNP
|align=center| DNP
|align=center| DNP
|-
|align=center| [[2013 I-League 2nd Division|2013–14]]
|align=center |IL2
|align=center|26
|align=center bgcolor= Bronze |'''3'''
|align=center| -
|align=center| GStage
|align=center| DNP
|align=center| DNP
|-
|align=center| [[2014 I-League 2nd Division|2014–15]]
|align=center |IL2
|align=center|11
|align=center bgcolor= Silver |'''2'''
|align=center| -
|align=center| DNP
|align=center| DNP
|align=center| DNP
|-
|align=center| [[2019–20 I-League 2nd Division|2019–20]]
|align=center |IL2
|align=center|18
|align=center bgcolor= Silver|''' 2'''
|align=center| –
|align=center| DNP
|align=center| DNP
|align=center| DNP
|-
|align=center| {{nowrap|[[2023–24 I-League 3|2023–24]]}}
|align=center |IL3
|align=center|25
|align=center|'''G2nd'''
|align=center| –
|align=center| DNP
|align=center| DNP
|align=center| DNP
|}
;Key
*Tms. = Number of teams
*Pos. = Position in league
*Attendance/G = Average league attendance

== Coaching history ==
{{Incomplete list|date=January 2024}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Name!!Nationality!!Years!!Note
|-
|Robson Mattos de Oliviera||{{BRA}}||2012||<ref>{{cite web|author=Saikat|title=Bhawanipore Club announced their team, Barreto and Lima fail fitness test|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/bhawanipore-club-announced-their-team-barreto-and-lima-fail-fitness-test|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=[[Sportskeeda]]|date=27 July 2012|access-date=26 September 2022|archive-date=5 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105124251/https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/bhawanipore-club-announced-their-team-barreto-and-lima-fail-fitness-test}}</ref>
|-
|Dulal Biswas||{{IND}}||2012–2013||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/indian-football-transfer-season-201213-updated|title=Indian Football: Transfer Season 2012/13 Updated|date=3 December 2012|access-date=15 July 2022|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=Sportskeeda|first=Arunava|last=Chaudhuri|archive-date=21 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321155010/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/indian-football-transfer-season-201213-updated}}</ref>
|-
|[[Carlton Chapman]]||{{IND}}||2013–2014||<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nikhil Jitendran|date=13 July 2013|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2013/07/13/4114040/chapman-joins-kolkatas-bhawanipore-as-head-coach|title=Chapman joins Kolkata's Bhawanipore as head coach|website=Goal.com|access-date=12 May 2021|archive-date=17 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130717022816/http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2013/07/13/4114040/chapman-joins-kolkatas-bhawanipore-as-head-coach|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|[[Debjit Ghosh]]||{{IND}}||2014–2015||<ref>{{cite web|title=Bhawanipore FC Started Pre-Season Training|url=http://thif-live.com/bhawanipore-fc-started-pre-season-training/|website=THIF-Live|date=30 May 2014|access-date=13 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402170903/http://thif-live.com/bhawanipore-fc-started-pre-season-training/}}</ref>
|-
|[[Subrata Bhattacharya]]||{{IND}}||2017–2018||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/subrata-bhattacharya-chosen-for-bagan-ratna/article19189097.ece|title=Subrata Bhattacharya chosen for Bagan Ratna|date=30 June 2017|access-date=13 October 2022|website=sportstar.thehindu.com|publisher=[[Sportstar]]|location=Kolkata|first=Y. B.|last=SARANGI|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220623000521/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/subrata-bhattacharya-chosen-for-bagan-ratna/article19189097.ece|archive-date=23 June 2022}}</ref>
|-
|[[Sankarlal Chakraborty]]||{{IND}}||2019–2021||<ref>
* {{cite web|first=Ritabrata|last=Banerjee|date=13 August 2020|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/amp/news/bhawanipore-fc-sankarlal-chakraborty-target-win-second/1xtr681h3g1051o0w0ltvci6ta|title=Bhawanipore FC's Sankarlal Chakraborty — Our target is to win the Second Division League|website=goal.com|access-date=1 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213054608/https://www.goal.com/en-in/amp/news/bhawanipore-fc-sankarlal-chakraborty-target-win-second/1xtr681h3g1051o0w0ltvci6ta|archive-date=13 December 2021|url-status=dead}}
* {{Cite web |title=I-League Qualifiers: Bhawanipore FC Sign Off with Comfortable 2–0 Win over ARA FC|url=https://www.news18.com/news/sports/i-league-qualifiers-bhawanipore-fc-sign-off-with-comfortable-2-0-win-over-ara-fc-2982248.html|date=19 October 2020|location=Kolkata|publisher=News18|access-date=9 January 2021|archive-date=11 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111112224/https://www.news18.com/news/sports/i-league-qualifiers-bhawanipore-fc-sign-off-with-comfortable-2-0-win-over-ara-fc-2982248.html}}</ref>
|-
|Ranjan Chaudhuri||{{IND}}||2023–2024||<ref>{{cite web|first=Tania|last=Roy|date=2 June 2023|url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/sports/football/rules-are-being-changed-in-calcutta-football-league-bhavanipur-club-has-started-training-to-become-champion-31685709922235.html|title=কলকাতা লিগে নিয়মে বদল,শুরুর আগেই বিদ্রোহী কিছু ক্লাব, ভবানীপুর নেমে পড়ল অনুশীলনে|trans-title=Change in rules in Calcutta league, before the start some clubs rebel, Bhavanipur came down to practice|language=bn|work=Hindustan Times Bangla|accessdate=5 June 2023|archive-date=5 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605154508/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/sports/football/rules-are-being-changed-in-calcutta-football-league-bhavanipur-club-has-started-training-to-become-champion-31685709922235.html}}</ref>
|-
|Saheed Sunkanmi Ramon||{{IND}} {{NGA}}||2024–present||<ref>{{cite web|date=26 September 2024|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/37957|title=Calcutta Football League Premier Division 2024 :: Calcutta Customs Club 2–2 Bhawanipore FC (26 September 2024), Barrackpore Stadium|work=All India Football Federation|access-date=27 September 2024|archive-date=27 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240927174845/https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/37957}}</ref>
|-
|Abhishek Goswami
|india
|2024-25
|Futsal team
|}

==Honours==
===Football===
'''League'''
*'''[[I-League 2|I-League 2nd Division]]'''
**Runners-up (2): [[2014 I-League 2nd Division final round|2014–15]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/a-royal-gift-for-womens-football-in-india|date=9 July 2014|access-date=1 January 2024|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=[[Sportskeeda]]|first1=Amoy|last1=Ghoshal|title=A Royal gift for women's football in India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240101153240/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/a-royal-gift-for-womens-football-in-india|archive-date=1 January 2024|location=Shillong}}</ref> [[2019–20 2nd Division League|2019–20]]<ref>[https://i-league.org/points-table/hil-qualifiers/ I-League 2nd Division 2020 Final Round League Table] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306224231/https://i-league.org/points-table/hil-qualifiers/ |date=6 March 2021 }} ''i-league.org''. Retrieved 1 March 2021</ref>
**Third place (1): [[2013 I-League 2nd Division final round|2012–13]]<ref>[https://www.indiafooty.com/2014/03/24/fixtures-results-of-2nd-division-i-league-2013-14-final-round/ Fixtures, results and table of 2013 I-League 2nd Division final round] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220327075605/https://www.indiafooty.com/2014/03/24/fixtures-results-of-2nd-division-i-league-2013-14-final-round/ |date=27 March 2022 }} ''indiafooty.com''. Retrieved 31 July 2021.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=India 2012/13: I-League 2nd Division|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/india2013.html|website=[[RSSSF]]|archive-date=7 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007160441/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesi/india2013.html}}</ref>
*'''[[Calcutta Football League|CFL Premier Division]]'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/sports/cfl-2019-resembles-1958-league-matches-1.1044901|title=আটান্নর মতো কড়া লড়াই দেখা যাচ্ছে এই লিগেও|trans-title=A tough fight like 1958 is also being witnessed in this season's league|language=bn|website=abandabazar.com|publisher=[[Anandabazar Patrika]]|location=Kolkata|date=13 September 2019|first1=Hariprasad|last1=Chattopadhyay|archive-date=26 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926054109/https://www.anandabazar.com/sports/cfl-2019-resembles-1958-league-matches-1.1044901}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://piffa.in/|title=Premier Indian Futuristic Football Academy — Coaches — Monotosh Ghosh|website=piffa.in|access-date=8 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108171220/https://piffa.in/|location=Burdwan|date=2023|archive-date=8 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="BFC 1">{{cite web|url=https://www.thewall.in/news/mohammedan-sc-win-kolkata-league-2022-title/|title=কলকাতা লিগ জয় মহামেডানের, টানা দু'বার খেতাব এল সাদা-কালো তাঁবুতে|date=30 October 2022|access-date=31 October 2022|trans-title=Mohammedan's Calcutta League win, the title came twice in a row in the black and white tent|website=thewall.in|publisher=The Wall Bureau|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031044941/https://www.thewall.in/news/mohammedan-sc-win-kolkata-league-2022-title/|archive-date=31 October 2022}}</ref>
**Runners-up (4): 1952, 2016–17, 2017–18, [[2022 CFL Premier Division|2022]]

'''Cup'''
*'''[[Cooch Behar Cup]]'''<ref>{{Cite journal |url=http://www.jhsr.in/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/01-07-JHSRVOL-2NO-2A.-SHIL.pdf |title=Football Culture in Princely State of Cooch Behar |access-date=16 April 2023 |archive-date=16 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416171622/http://www.jhsr.in/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/01-07-JHSRVOL-2NO-2A.-SHIL.pdf |first=Amrita |last=Kumar Shil |journal=JHSR Journal of Historical Study and Search |date=15 May 2022 |issn=2583-0198 |volume=2 }}</ref>
**Champions (3): 1923, 1927, 1929<ref>{{cite web |title=Football in Bengali culture and society: a study in the social history of football in Bengal-1911-1980 |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/174532 |publisher=University of Calcutta |website=[[Shodhganga]] |last=Bandyopadhyay |first=Kausik |date=2008 |hdl=10603/174532 |access-date=7 October 2022 |archive-date=7 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007174156/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/174532 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*'''Ogilvie Cup'''
**Winners (1): 1944<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mobile.twitter.com/IndianfootballH/status/1498506983577587714|title=Amrita Bazar Patrika report of the final of 1944 Ogilvie Cup|website=Twitter.com|publisher=Indian Football History|access-date=4 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404170531/https://mobile.twitter.com/IndianfootballH/status/1498506983577587714|archive-date=4 April 2022}}</ref>
*'''[[Bordoloi Trophy]]'''
**Winners (1): 2013<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiafooty.com/2014/01/10/bhawanipore-fc-won-bordoloi-trophy/|title=Bhawanipore FC Won Bordoloi Trophy|website=indiafooty.com|publisher=IndianFooty|location=Kolkata|date=10 January 2014|first=Abhishek|last=Shukla|access-date=27 September 2022|archive-date=27 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927180001/https://www.indiafooty.com/2014/01/10/bhawanipore-fc-won-bordoloi-trophy/}}</ref>
*'''[[IFA Shield]]'''
**Runners-up (1): 1948<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sengupta |first1=Somnath |title=The Glorious History Of IFA Shield |url=http://www.thehardtackle.com/2011/the-glorious-history-of-ifa-shield/ |website=thehardtackle.com |publisher= The Hard Tackle |date=8 March 2011 |access-date=1 July 2021 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181925/http://www.thehardtackle.com/2011/the-glorious-history-of-ifa-shield/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
*'''Naihati Gold Cup'''
**Winners (1): 2022<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kolkata24x7.in/sports-news/united-sports-runners-up-at-naihati-gold-cup/|title=নৈহাটী গোল্ড কাপ: প্লাজার জোড়া গোল, চ্যাম্পিয়ন জায়ান্ট কিলার ভবানীপুর|trans-title=Naihati Gold Cup: Plaza doubles, champions Giant Killer Bhawanipore|website=kolkata24x7.in|publisher=Kolkata 24×7|date=14 August 2022|access-date=29 October 2022|language=bn|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816173504/https://kolkata24x7.in/sports-news/united-sports-runners-up-at-naihati-gold-cup/|archive-date=16 August 2022}}</ref>
*'''Biju Patnaik Memorial Trophy'''
** Winners (1): 2011<ref>{{cite web |title=BFC beat Samaleswari to lift Biju memorial football trophy |url=https://www.orisports.com/NewsDetails.aspx?nId=MjY3OA== |publisher=Orisports |date=21 February 2011 }}</ref>

'''Youth'''
*'''LaLiga U-14 Youth Football Tournament'''
**Champions (1): 2024<ref name="LaLiga"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tv9bangla.com/sports/football/bhawanipore-fc-pro-india-football-academy-become-champion-in-laliga-youth-tournament-in-malaysia-1093942.html|title=লা লিগা যুব টুর্নামেন্টে অপরাজিত চ্যাম্পিয়ন ভবানীপুর, রোহিতের মতো সেলিব্রেশন!|date=14 July 2024|access-date=15 July 2024|trans-title=La Liga youth tournament unbeaten champion Bhawanipore, celebration like Rohit's!|language=bn|archive-date=15 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715130013/https://tv9bangla.com/sports/football/bhawanipore-fc-pro-india-football-academy-become-champion-in-laliga-youth-tournament-in-malaysia-1093942.html|work=TV9 Bangla}}</ref>
*'''IFA U-15 State Football League'''
**Champions (1): 2025<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sangbadpratidin.in/football/bhawanipore-club-wins-state-youth-league-bfa-wins-u-13-category|date=1 June 2025|access-date=26 August 2025|first1=Prasenjit|last1=Dutta|title=স্টেট ইয়ুথ লিগে সেরা ভবানীপুর, অনূর্ধ্ব-১৩ বিভাগে চ্যাম্পিয়ন বিএফএ|trans-title=Bhavanipur wins State Youth League, BFA wins the U-13 category|language=bn|work=Sangbad Pratidin|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250901114402/https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/sports/football/bhawanipore-club-wins-state-youth-league-bfa-wins-u-13-category/|archive-date=1 September 2025}}</ref>

===Cricket===
*'''CAB First Division Championship'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news1933.php|title=Bhawanipur Club win their third First Division Championship in last four years|date=2 July 2022|access-date=5 November 2023|first1=Rio|last1=Dutta|website=cricketassociationofbengal.com|publisher=The Cricket Association of Bengal|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809105026/https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news1933.php|archive-date=9 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news3198.php|title=Bhawanipore Club crowned champions of CAB 1st Division Championship|date=24 May 2024|access-date=27 May 2024|first1=Arindam|last1=Basu|website=cricketassociationofbengal.com|publisher=The Cricket Association of Bengal|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528045519/https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news3198.php|archive-date=28 May 2024}}</ref>
**Winners (4): 2018–19, 2019–20, 2021–22, 2023–24
*'''J. C. Mukherjee T-20 Championship'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news1466.php|title=All-round Bhowanipur beat East Bengal to win JC Mukherjee trophy|date=8 April 2021|access-date=5 November 2023|website=cricketassociationofbengal.com|publisher=The Cricket Association of Bengal|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420151347/https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news1466.php|archive-date=20 April 2023|first1=Rio|last1=Dutta}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://mepaper.anandabazar.com/imageview_70797_42426406_4_71_15-06-2023_15_i_1_sf.html|title=এক নজরে — সেরা ভবানীপুর|trans-title=At a glance — Bhawanipore champions|website=mepaper.anandabazar.com|publisher=[[Anandabazar Patrika]]|date=15 June 2023|access-date=15 June 2023|language=bn|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615055304/https://mepaper.anandabazar.com/imageview_70797_42426406_4_71_15-06-2023_15_i_1_sf.html|archive-date=15 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news2588.php|title=Bhawanipore Club crowned J. C. Mukherjee T20 meet champions|date=14 June 2023|access-date=5 November 2023|website=cricketassociationofbengal.com|publisher=The Cricket Association of Bengal|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105170857/https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news2588.php|archive-date=5 November 2023}}</ref>
**Winners (2): 2021, 2023, 2024 {{small|(joint-winners with [[Mohun Bagan AC|Mohun Bagan]])}}
*'''N. C. Chatterjee T-20 Championship'''
**Winners (1): 2024 {{small|(joint-winners with Taltala Ekata Sangha)}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news3287.php|title=Taltala Ekata Sangha & Cricket Club of Bhawanipore joint-winners of N.C. Chatterjee T20 meet|date=29 June 2024|access-date=26 July 2024|first1=Arindam|last1=Basu|website=cricketassociationofbengal.com|publisher=The Cricket Association of Bengal|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240726135433/https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news3287.php|archive-date=26 July 2024}}</ref>
*'''[[Probir Sen|P. Sen]] Memorial Trophy'''
**Runners-up (1): 2023<ref>{{cite news|url=https://bengali.abplive.com/sports/cricket-news-shakir-slams-157-as-mohun-bagan-stun-bhowanipore-to-clinch-p-sen-trophy-987915|title=ইডেনে দুরন্ত সেঞ্চুরি শাকিরের, ভবানীপুরকে হারিয়ে পি সেন ট্রফি চ্যাম্পিয়ন মোহনবাগান|trans-title=Shakir's stunning century at Eden, P Sen Trophy champions Mohun Bagan beat Bhawanipore|language=bn|date=24 June 2023|access-date=25 June 2023|website=bengali.abplive.com|publisher=Anandabazar Patrika|location=Kolkata|first=Sandip|last=Sarkar|archive-date=25 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625181155/https://bengali.abplive.com/sports/cricket-news-shakir-slams-157-as-mohun-bagan-stun-bhowanipore-to-clinch-p-sen-trophy-987915}}</ref>
*'''CAB First Division One-Day Meet'''
**Champions (1): 2024<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news3216.php|title=Bhawanipore Club crowned champions of CAB First Division One-Day meet|first1=Arindam|last1=Basu|date=7 June 2024|access-date=8 June 2024|website=cricketassociationofbengal.com|publisher=The Cricket Association of Bengal|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608164225/https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news3216.php|archive-date=8 June 2024}}</ref>

===Futsal===
*'''[[Futsal Club Championship|AIFF Futsal Club Championship]]'''
**Runners-up (1): 2024–25<ref name="Futsal"/>
*'''IFA Futsal Championship'''
**Champions (1): 2024–25<ref name="IFA Futsal"/>

==Notable players==
===Foreign internationals===
The foreign players below had senior/youth international cap(s) for their respective countries. Players whose name is listed, represented their countries before or after playing for ''Bhawanipore FC''.
* {{flagicon|NAM}} [[Richard Gariseb]] (2012–2014)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4570/Richard_Gariseb.html|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Gariseb, Richard|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204200218/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/4570/Richard_Gariseb.html|archive-date=4 February 2022|website=national-football-teams.com|access-date=12 December 2022}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|USA}} {{flagicon|AFG|2013}} [[Mohammad Mashriqi]] (2012–2014)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/42737/Mohammad_Yusef_Mashriqi.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Mashriqi, Mohammad Yusef|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 January 2018|archive-date=10 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210131423/http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/42737/Mohammad_Yusef_Mashriqi.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|NGA}} Orok Essien (2016–2017)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/orok-eyes-cfa-title-with-viva-before-joining-kolkata-club/articleshow/52256972.cms|title=Orok eyes CFA title with Viva before joining Kolkata club|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|publisher=[[The Times of India]]|date=13 May 2016|agency=TNN|location=Chennai|first=Damayanti|last=Dasgupta|access-date=20 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920134912/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/orok-eyes-cfa-title-with-viva-before-joining-kolkata-club/articleshow/52256972.cms|archive-date=20 September 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/indian-football-transfers-minerva-punjab-fc-complete-double-deal-rope-in-brazilian-winger-and-nigerian-striker|title=Indian football transfers: Minerva Punjab FC rope in Sergio Barboza Jr and Orok Essien in a double deal|website=Sportskeeda.com|date=10 August 2019|first=Sounak|last=Mullick|access-date=20 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013102115/https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/indian-football-transfers-minerva-punjab-fc-complete-double-deal-rope-in-brazilian-winger-and-nigerian-striker|archive-date=13 October 2019}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|ZIM}} [[Victor Kamhuka]] (2019–2020)<ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/82164/Victor_Kamhuka.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Kamhuka, Victor|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 January 2018|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512203022/http://www.national-football-teams.com/player/82164/Victor_Kamhuka.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|GHA}} [[William Opoku]] (2020)<ref>{{cite news|title=Primus, Opoku to lead FCBU's challenge|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/primus-opoku-to-lead-fcbus-challenge/articleshow/77944033.cms|access-date=5 September 2020|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|publisher=[[The Times of India]]|agency=TNN|date=5 September 2020|archive-date=5 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200905173851/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/primus-opoku-to-lead-fcbus-challenge/articleshow/77944033.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|CIV}} Arthur Kouassi K'gnan (2020)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/players/profile/124661?type=club|title=Player Profile — Statistics and Info: N'gnan Koffi Desmos Arthur Kouassi|website=the-aiff.com|publisher=All India Football Federation|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816155139/https://www.the-aiff.com/players/profile/124661?type=club|access-date=26 January 2023|archive-date=16 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/sports/durand-cup-2019-arthur-kouassi-scored-five-goals-against-indian-navy-1.1030191|title=পাঁচ গোল করে ময়দানে নতুন ইতিহাস কোসির|trans-title=Kouassi became hero in Kolkata football after scoring five goals in a single match|date=11 August 2019|first=Ratan|last=Chakraborty|website=anandabazar.com|publisher=Anandabazar Patrika|language=bn|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120142426/https://www.anandabazar.com/sports/durand-cup-2019-arthur-kouassi-scored-five-goals-against-indian-navy-1.1030191|access-date=26 January 2023|archive-date=20 November 2022}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|UGA}} [[Henry Kisekka]] (2021–2022)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bengali.indianexpress.com/sports/mohammedan-sc-roped-in-former-mohun-bagan-star-henry-kisekka-for-the-upcoming-season-428886/|title=সবুজ-মেরুন কাঁপানো স্ট্রাইকার এবার মহামেডানে! বুধবারের বিরাট ঘোষণায় দারুণ চমক|website=bengali.indianexpress.com|publisher=[[New Indian Express]]|date=6 April 2022|access-date=6 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220406135711/https://bengali.indianexpress.com/sports/mohammedan-sc-roped-in-former-mohun-bagan-star-henry-kisekka-for-the-upcoming-season-428886/|archive-date=6 April 2022|language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/41000/Henry_Kisekka.html|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Kisekka, Henry|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715181704/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/41000/Henry_Kisekka.html|archive-date=15 July 2023|website=national-football-teams.com|access-date=12 December 2022}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|NGA}} [[Echezona Anyichie]] (2021–2022)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/12575|title=Calcutta Football League Premier Division – A {{!}} George Telegraph Sports Club vs Bhawanipore FC|date=23 August 2022|location=New Delhi|access-date=22 January 2023|archive-date=6 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106164518/https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/12575|website=the-aiff.com|publisher=All India Football Federation}} — {{cite web |title=Echezona Anyichie – Record at FIFA Tournaments |url=http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player%3D200296/index.html |website=FIFA.com |access-date=27 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090909112642/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=200296/index.html |archive-date=9 September 2009}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|TRI}} [[Willis Plaza]] (2022–2023)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/46360/Willis_Plaza.html|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Plaza, Willis|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713094717/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/46360/Willis_Plaza.html|archive-date=13 July 2023|website=national-football-teams.com|access-date=12 December 2022}}</ref>

===Other notable player(s)===
* {{flagicon|BRA}} [[José Barreto (Brazilian footballer)|José Ramirez Barreto]] (2012–2014)<ref name="Affiliation">{{cite web|url=http://archives.anandabazar.com/archive/1120512/12khela5.html|title=ভাইচুংয়ের রাস্তায় হাঁটতে চান ব্যারেটো|trans-title=Barreto wants to walk on Bhaichung's way|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105120940/http://archives.anandabazar.com/archive/1120512/12khela5.html|archive-date=5 January 2024|location=Kolkata|language=bn|date=12 May 2012|access-date=26 September 2022|website=anandabazar.com|publisher=[[Anandabazar Patrika]]}}</ref> – [[National Football League (India)|NFL]] Golden Boot winner in [[2000–01 Indian National Football League|2000–01]].<ref>{{cite web |title= From the History Book|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/news-center-details.htm?id=1965 |website=All India Football Federation |publisher=the-aiff.com |access-date=19 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140717033518/https://www.the-aiff.com/news-center-details.htm?id=1965 |archive-date=17 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Leading Goal Scorers |url=http://www.rediff.com/sports/nflsco04.htm |work=Rediff.com |access-date=24 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040828213707/http://www.rediff.com/sports/nflsco04.htm |archive-date=28 August 2004 |date=14 May 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=NFL Champions and Goalscorers |url=https://www.rediff.com/sports/nflroll.htm |website=Rediff |access-date=16 July 2021 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220719/http://www.rediff.com/sports/nflroll.htm }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first1=Arunava |last1=Chaudhuri |first2=Malik Riaz |last2=Hai Naveed |title=India — List of Topscorers |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/indiatops.html |work=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation |date=25 May 2003 |access-date=16 July 2021 |archive-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928133327/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/indiatops.html }}</ref>

==Other departments==
===Youth football and academy===
Bhawanipore FC operates several youth teams (U-13, U-15 and U-18) and academy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/club/8070?type=academy|title=Team Profile — Academy and Youth: Bhawanipore Football Club|website=the-aiff.com|publisher=[[All India Football Federation]]|location=New Delhi|access-date=27 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927015710/https://www.the-aiff.com/club/8070?type=academy|archive-date=27 September 2023}}</ref> Under-19 team of the club previously took part in [[Youth League (India)|Youth I-League]], competed in "Kolkata zone" in 2014.<ref name="TOI Bhawanipore"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://i-league.org/?page_id=10667|title=U-19 I-League — Kolkata Zone — Results and league table|website=i-league.org|publisher=All India Football Federation|location=New Delhi|date=2014|access-date=26 September 2014|archive-date=19 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140319081913/http://i-league.org/?page_id=10667|url-status=dead}}</ref> In April 2024, the club entered into a partnership with [[La Liga|La Liga Academy]] for grassroots development in youth football.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sangbadpratidin.in/football/bhawanipore-club-pro-india-partners-with-la-liga-academy-to-revolutionize-indian-football|title=লা লিগার সঙ্গে ঐতিহাসিক গাঁটছড়া ভবানীপুর এফসির, স্প্যানিশ ঘরানার পাঠ পাবে বাংলার খুদেরা|first1=Arpan|last1=Das|language=bn|trans-title=Bhabanipur FC's historic tie with La Liga, Bengali youth players will get a lesson in Spanish style|website=sangbadpratidin.in|publisher=Sangbad Pratidin|location=Kolkata|date=14 April 2024|access-date=16 April 2024|archive-date=16 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416063212/https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/sports/football/bhawanipore-club-pro-india-partners-with-la-liga-academy-to-revolutionize-indian-football/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/sports/football/bhowanipore-club-join-hands-with-la-liga-to-improve-indian-football-31713077126711.html|title=লা লিগার অ্যাকাডেমির সঙ্গে গাঁটছড়া বাঁধল কলকাতার ভবানীপুর ক্লাব,ফুটবলার তুলে আনতে নয়া উদ্যোগ|first1=Moinak|last1=Mitra|language=bn|trans-title=Kolkata's Bhawanipur Club ties up with La Liga academy, new initiative to bring footballers|website=bangla.hindustantimes.com|publisher=Hindustan Times|location=Kolkata|date=14 April 2024|access-date=16 April 2024|archive-date=16 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416063129/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/sports/football/bhowanipore-club-join-hands-with-la-liga-to-improve-indian-football-31713077126711.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/news-laliga-academy-bhawanipore-fc-join-forces-revolutionize-grassroots-football-west-bengal|title=LaLiga Academy and Bhawanipore FC join forces to revolutionize grassroots football in West Bengal|author=SportzConnect|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=[[Sportskeeda]]|location=Kolkata|date=14 April 2024|access-date=16 April 2024|archive-date=16 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416112810/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/news-laliga-academy-bhawanipore-fc-join-forces-revolutionize-grassroots-football-west-bengal}}</ref> In July, club's academy team named Bhawanipore Pro India Academy, took part in LaLiga U-14 Youth Football Tournament held at the [[University of Putra Malaysia|University of Putra]], [[Malaysia]], and became undefeated champions.<ref name="LaLiga">{{cite web|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/sports/football/bhowanipore-pro-india-academy-wins-laliga-youth-tournament-in-malaysia-dgtl/cid/1530968|title=মালয়েশিয়ায় লা লিগা যুব ফুটবলে চ্যাম্পিয়ন ভবানীপুর প্রো ইন্ডিয়া অ্যাকাডেমি|date=14 July 2024|access-date=15 July 2024|trans-title=Bhawanipore Pro India Academy is the champion of La Liga youth football tournament in Malaysia|language=bn|archive-date=15 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715125111/https://www.anandabazar.com/sports/football/bhowanipore-pro-india-academy-wins-laliga-youth-tournament-in-malaysia-dgtl/cid/1530968|work=Anandabazar Patrika}}</ref>

===Men's cricket===
Bhawanipore FC's men's [[cricket]] (named 'Bhawanipore Club') section is under the jurisdiction of the [[Cricket Association of Bengal]] (CAB),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/first_division.php|title=The Cricket Association of Bengal: First Division Clubs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023021313/https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/first_division.php|archive-date=23 October 2020|publisher=Cricket Association of Bengal|access-date=2 July 2021|location=Kolkata|website=cricketassociationofbengal.com}}</ref><ref>[http://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/history.php Early History of Bengal Cricket leading to the formation of the Cricket Association of Bengal in 1928]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223102855/http://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/history.php |date=23 December 2017 }}. ''The Cricket Association Of Bengal''. Retrieved 2 July 2021.</ref> and competes in First Division League, J. C. Mukherjee T-20 Trophy and other regional tournaments.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/in-the-city-06-01-2011/cid/444162|title=In the City 06-01-2011 — Shreevats slams 201 Cricket meet Chirag win Horse show|date=6 January 2011|access-date=26 December 2023|website=telegraphindia.com|publisher=The Telegraph India|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114133052/https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/in-the-city-06-01-2011/cid/444162|archive-date=14 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/1stdivpoint.php|title=First Division|work=Cricket Association of Bengal|access-date=6 October 2022|archive-date=18 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118235149/https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/1stdivpoint.php}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news3172.php|title=Bhawanipur Club win their third First Division Championship in last four years|date=14 May 2024|access-date=20 May 2024|first1=Arindam|last1=Basu|website=cricketassociationofbengal.com|publisher=The Cricket Association of Bengal|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520182633/https://www.cricketassociationofbengal.com/newspage/news3172.php|archive-date=20 May 2024}}</ref> Club's cricket section is currently headquartered in 1, Nepal Bhattacharjee Street, Kolkata.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.calcuttayellowpages.com/cricket.html|title=Calcutta — Cricket Clubs — Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB)|archive-date=27 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427103907/https://www.calcuttayellowpages.com/cricket.html|website=calcuttayellowpages.com|publisher=Calcutta Yellow Pages Calcutta|access-date=31 January 2023}}</ref> Noted Indian international cricketers [[Rishi Dhawan]], [[Jitesh Sharma]], and other players like [[Chirag Jani (cricketer)|Chirag Jani]] have appeared with Bhawanipore in P. Sen Trophy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thewall.in/tags/Rinku-Singh/mohun-bagan-want-to-sign-rinku-singh-to-play-in-the-prestigious-p-sen-trophy/tid/104907|website=the wall.in|publisher=The Wall Bureau|location=Kolkata|trans-title=Mohun Bagan did not even call Rinku! The P. Sen Trophy is now in a crowded, star-studded arena|date=17 June 2023|title=রিঙ্কুকে ডেকেও পেল না মোহনবাগান! পি সেন ট্রফি এবার জমজমাট, তারকার মেলা ময়দানে|language=bn|access-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105102434/https://www.thewall.in/tags/Rinku-Singh/mohun-bagan-want-to-sign-rinku-singh-to-play-in-the-prestigious-p-sen-trophy/tid/104907|archive-date=5 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/sports/cricket/mohun-bagan-and-bhowanipur-club-reach-quarter-final-of-p-sen-trophy-dgtl/cid/1438512|website=anandabazar.com|publisher=Anandabazar Patrika|date=18 June 2023|location=Kolkata|trans-title=Chande Abhimanyu, Rishi, easy win in P. Sen Trophy last eight Mohun Bagan, Bhavanipur|title=ছন্দে অভিমন্যু, ঋষি, সহজ জয়ে পি সেন ট্রফির শেষ আটে মোহনবাগান, ভবানীপুর|language=bn|access-date=25 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224085642/https://www.anandabazar.com/sports/cricket/mohun-bagan-and-bhowanipur-club-reach-quarter-final-of-p-sen-trophy-dgtl/cid/1438512|archive-date=24 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/amp/sports/cricket/keen-to-learn-selection-in-indias-white-ball-teams-dont-worry-jitesh-sharma/cid/1946073|first1=Sayak|last1=Banerjee|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105144145/https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/cricket/keen-to-learn-selection-in-indias-white-ball-teams-dont-worry-jitesh-sharma/cid/1946073|website=telegraphindia.com|publisher=The Telegraph|date=19 June 2023|access-date=28 December 2023|location=Kolkata|title=Keen to learn, selection in India's white-ball teams don't worry Jitesh Sharma|archive-date=5 January 2024}}</ref> In 2023 edition of P. Sen Memorial Trophy, the club reached final, lost to [[Mohun Bagan AC|Mohun Bagan]] at the end.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/sports/cricket/p-sen-trophy-mohun-bagan-beats-bhawanipore-club-to-become-champion-in-historical-cricket-match/|title=টানটান ম্যাচে ভবানীপুর ক্লাবকে হারিয়ে পি সেন ট্রফির চ্যাম্পিয়ন মোহনবাগান|trans-title=P Sen Trophy champion Mohun Bagan beat Bhawanipore Club in a tight match|language=bn|date=24 June 2023|access-date=25 June 2023|website=sangbadpratidin.in|publisher=Sangbad Pratidin|location=Kolkata|first=Debasish|last=Sen|archive-date=25 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625181910/https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/sports/cricket/p-sen-trophy-mohun-bagan-beats-bhawanipore-club-to-become-champion-in-historical-cricket-match/}}</ref> Bhawanipore also participates in CAB T-20 Trophy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/das-scores-cabs-first-t20-double-ton/|title=Das scores CAB's first T20 double ton|date=20 December 2014|access-date=5 January 2024|website=indianexpress.com|publisher=The Indian Express|location=Kolkata|archive-date=20 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220091536/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/das-scores-cabs-first-t20-double-ton/|agency=Express News Service}}</ref>

In 2023–24 season, the club won treble, by winning CAB First Division Championship, J. C. Mukherjee T-20 Championship and the CAB One-day meet.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sangbadpratidin.in/cricket/after-cab-league-cab-one-day-bhawanipore-club-wins-jc-mukherjee-trophy-and-crown-treble|title=ত্রিমুকুট জয় ভবানীপুরের, সিএবি লিগ, প্রথম ডিভিশন ওয়ানডে খেতাবের পরে জেসি মুখার্জিতেও চ্যাম্পিয়ন|first1=Alapan|last1=Saha|website=sangbadpratidin.in|publisher=Sangbad Pratidin|location=Kolkata|date=1 July 2024|access-date=2 July 2024|trans-title=JC Mukherjee also champions after Trimukut Jai Bhavanipur, CAB League, First Division ODI title|language=bn|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702101845/https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/sports/cricket/after-cab-league-cab-one-day-bhawanipore-club-wins-jc-mukherjee-trophy-and-crown-treble/|archive-date=2 July 2024}}</ref>

===Men's hockey===
Bhawanipore Club runs men's [[field hockey]] section. Noted India international [[Jaswant Singh Rajput]] appeared with the club in domestic leagues.<ref>{{Cite sports-reference |title = Jaswant Singh Rajput |url = https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ra/jaswant-rajput-1.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200418091214/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ra/jaswant-rajput-1.html |url-status = dead |archive-date = 18 April 2020 |access-date = 5 February 2015}}</ref>

===Tennis===
Lawn tennis is a sport practiced at the Bhawanipore Club, and it is an affiliated member club of the Bengal Tennis Association (BTA).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bengaltennis.online/affiliated-members/|title=Bengal Tennis Association — AFFILIATED MEMBERS|access-date=12 April 2024|location=Kolkata|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240412102801/https://bengaltennis.online/affiliated-members/|website=bengaltennis.online|publisher=Bengal Tennis Association|archive-date=12 April 2024}}</ref>

===Futsal===
The club operates a futsal division, with its men's team competing in both the IFA Futsal Championship and AIFF Club Futsal Championship 2024-25 under head coach Abhishek Goswami who is AFC Futsal level 2 coach.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://i-league.org/minerva-enter-quarters-bhawanipore-maintain-perfect-record/|title=Minerva enter quarters, Bhawanipore maintain perfect record|location=Rudrapur|date=9 August 2025|access-date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250820050554/https://i-league.org/minerva-enter-quarters-bhawanipore-maintain-perfect-record/|archive-date=20 August 2025|work=ileague.org|publisher=All India Football Federation}}</ref><ref name="Futsal">{{cite web|url=https://i-league.org/goal-hunterz-hunt-down-bhawanipore-to-clinch-aiff-futsal-club-championship-2024-25-title/|title=Goal Hunterz hunt down Bhawanipore to clinch AIFF Futsal Club Championship 2024–25 title|location=Rudrapur|date=18 August 2025|access-date=1 September 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250819073636/https://i-league.org/goal-hunterz-hunt-down-bhawanipore-to-clinch-aiff-futsal-club-championship-2024-25-title/|archive-date=19 August 2025|work=ileague.org|publisher=All India Football Federation}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://i-league.org/goal-hunterz-stop-corbetts-title-defence-bhawanipore-sweep-past-tofa-in-semi-finals/|title=Goal Hunterz stop Corbett's title defence, Bhawanipore sweep past TOFA in semi-finals|location=Rudrapur|date=16 August 2025|access-date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250821165537/https://i-league.org/goal-hunterz-stop-corbetts-title-defence-bhawanipore-sweep-past-tofa-in-semi-finals/|archive-date=21 August 2025|work=ileague.org|publisher=All India Football Federation}}</ref> In 2025, they secured the title by defeating United Kolkata Sports Club in the final, thereby earning qualification for the [[Futsal Club Championship|AIFF Futsal Club Championship 2024–25]], scheduled to be held in August 2025 at the Manoj Sarkar Indoor Stadium, Rudrapur, Uttarakhand. Bhawanipore appointed Abhishek Goswami as their head coach. A qualified professional holding the AFC Futsal Level 2 License, his expertise and guidance were instrumental in leading Bhawanipore FC to victory in the prestigious IFA Futsal Championship 2024–25.<ref name="IFA Futsal">{{cite web|url=https://parallelsports.in/news/bhawanipore-fc-clinch-ifa-futsal-club-championship-in-thrilling-tiebreaker|title=Bhawanipore FC Clinch IFA Futsal Club Championship in Thrilling Tiebreaker|work=parallelsports.in|date=10 March 2025|access-date=19 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250419042632/https://parallelsports.in/news/bhawanipore-fc-clinch-ifa-futsal-club-championship-in-thrilling-tiebreaker|archive-date=19 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/47191|title=IFA Futsal Club Championship men's Tournament 2024–25 (10 March 2025): Bhawanipore FC 7–7 United Kolkata Sports Club|work=All India Football Federation|date=10 March 2025|access-date=19 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250419043247/https://www.the-aiff.com/match-center/cms/47191|archive-date=19 April 2025}}</ref>

==Affiliated clubs==

''The following club is affiliated (reciprocal) with Bhawanipore FC:''
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Mohun Bagan AC]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/bengali/west-bengal/sports/other-sports/srinjay-bose-absent-from-barpujo-of-mohun-bagan/wb20220415195941072072512|title=বারপুজোর আমন্ত্রণ হোয়াটসঅ্যাপে, তবু মোহনবাগান নিয়ে আবেগ অটুট সৃঞ্জয়ের|trans-title=Barpujo invitation came via WhatsApp, but Bhawanipore owner Srinjay's passion for Mohun Bagan is unwavering|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026153714/https://www.etvbharat.com/bengali/west-bengal/sports/other-sports/srinjay-bose-absent-from-barpujo-of-mohun-bagan/wb20220415195941072072512|archive-date=26 October 2022|location=Kolkata|language=bn|date=15 April 2022|access-date=5 January 2024|website=etvbharat.com|publisher=ETV Bharat}}</ref><ref name="Affiliation"/>

==See also==
* [[Football in Kolkata]]
* [[List of football clubs in West Bengal|List of football clubs in Kolkata]]
* [[Sangbad Pratidin]]

==References==
'''General sources'''
{{reflist}}

'''Bibliography'''
*{{cite book |last1=Kapadia |first1=Novy |year=2017|title=Barefoot to Boots: The Many Lives of Indian Football |publisher=Penguin Random House |isbn=978-0-143-42641-7 }}
*{{cite journal| url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09523360600802562 |doi=10.1080/09523360600802562 | title=Cricket in colonial Bengal (1880–1947): A lost history of nationalism | journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport | year=2006 | volume=23 | issue=6 | pages=960–990 | s2cid=216152701 |author=Majumdar, B. | url-access=subscription }}
*{{cite book |last1=Martinez| first1=Dolores |last2=Mukharji |first2=Projit B|year=2009|title=Football: From England to the World: The Many Lives of Indian Football |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nbzhAQAAQBAJ&q=kerala+footballer+in+Burma |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1-138-88353-6 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220702174505/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=nbzhAQAAQBAJ&dq=kerala+footballer+in+Burma&source=gbs_navlinks_s |archive-date=2 July 2022 }}
*{{cite book|title=Soccer in South Asia: Empire, Nation, Diaspora|year=2001|publisher=Frank Cass Publishers|location=[[London]], United Kingdom|isbn=978-0-7146-8170-2|page=33|last1=Dineo|first1=Paul|last2=Mills|first2=James|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=71JHZiiP3hoC|archive-date=25 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220725072732/https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Soccer_in_South_Asia.html?id=71JHZiiP3hoC&source=kp_book_description&redir_esc=y}}
*{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QbUFaAEACAAJ|title=History of Indian Football: Upto 2009–10|first=Nirmal|last=Nath|year=2011|publisher=Readers Service|isbn=9788187891963|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722172604/https://books.google.co.in/books/about/History_of_Indian_Football.html?id=QbUFaAEACAAJ&source=kp_book_description&redir_esc=y|archive-date=22 July 2022}}
*{{cite web |url=http://pierretristam.com/pdfs/wc10.pdf |title=Triumphs and Disasters: The Story of Indian Football, 1889—2000. |access-date=20 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120813081005/http://pierretristam.com/pdfs/wc10.pdf |archive-date=13 August 2012 |url-status=dead}}
*{{cite book|first1=Boria|last1=Majumdar|first2=Kausik|last2=Bandyopadhyay|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V-sMYjZkpigC&pg=PA69|title=A Social History Of Indian Football: Striving To Score|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629140637/https://books.google.com/books?id=V-sMYjZkpigC&pg=PA69|archive-date=29 June 2021|publisher=[[Routledge]]|date=2006|isbn=9780415348355}}
*{{cite book|first1=Jaydeep|last1=Basu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QeovtKLi-1sC|title=Stories from Indian Football|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011131939/https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Stories_from_Indian_Football.html?id=QeovtKLi-1sC&source=kp_book_description&redir_esc=y|archive-date=11 October 2022|publisher=UBS Publishers' Distributors|date=2003|isbn=9788174764546}}

'''Further reading'''
*{{cite news|title=Mohammedan SC suffers first loss; go down 1–2 to Tollygunge|url=http://thif-live.com/cfl-mohammedan-sc-suffers-first-loss-go-down-1-2-to-tollygunge/|location=Kolkata|first=Ujjal|last=Sarkhel|publisher=Thif-Live.com|date=9 August 2016|access-date=21 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821022613/http://thif-live.com/cfl-mohammedan-sc-suffers-first-loss-go-down-1-2-to-tollygunge/|archive-date=21 August 2016|url-status=dead}}
*{{cite web|title=আই লিগের দ্বিতীয় ডিভিশনে ভবানীপুরের দূর্গ সামলাবেন শিল্টন|trans-title=Shilton will handle Bhawanipur's fortress in the second division of I-League|url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/sports/churchill-brothers-s-shilton-paul-to-join-bhawanipore-club-on-loan-for-2nd-division-i-league-31600509351534.html|access-date=1 March 2021|publisher=Hindustan Times Bengali|location=Kolkata|language=bn|website=bangla.hindustantimes.com|date=19 September 2020 |archive-date=24 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024094702/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/sports/churchill-brothers-s-shilton-paul-to-join-bhawanipore-club-on-loan-for-2nd-division-i-league-31600509351534.html}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.the-aiff.com/news-center-details.htm?id=5445|title=Bhawanipore ride Bidemi goal to victory|first1=Debayan|last1=Mukherjee|date=20 January 2014|website=the-aiff.com|location=Manjeri|publisher=All India Football Federation|access-date=7 April 2014|archive-date=3 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203102945/http://www.the-aiff.com/news-center-details.htm?id=5445}}
*{{cite web|last=Ganguly|first=Abhishek|title=Wahingdoh ready to make presence felt|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/Wahingdoh-ready-to-make-presence-felt/articleshow/33720914.cms|date=14 April 2014|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|publisher=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=21 April 2014|agency=TNN|location=Kolkata|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230521151027/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/wahingdoh-ready-to-make-presence-felt/articleshow/33720914.cms|archive-date=21 May 2023}}
*{{cite news|last1=Majumdar|first1=Debabrata|title=East Bengal beat Bhawanipore to start Calcutta Football League campaign|url=http://thif-live.com/east-bengal-beat-bhawanipore-to-start-calcutta-football-league-campaign/|access-date=7 January 2017|work=The Home of Indian Football Live|date=4 August 2016|archive-date=8 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108003309/http://thif-live.com/east-bengal-beat-bhawanipore-to-start-calcutta-football-league-campaign/|url-status=dead}}
*{{cite web|url=https://www.thewall.in/news/sankarlal-chakraborty-as-their-head-coach-of-fc-bengaluru-united/|title=আর্জেন্টাইন কোচ ছাঁটাই, বেঙ্গালুরুর ক্লাবে হেডস্যার হয়ে ফিরছেন শঙ্করলাল|trans-title=Argentine coach sacked, Sankarlal is back as head coach, this time with Bengaluru United|language=bn|location=Kolkata|date=3 August 2023|access-date=3 August 2023|website=thewall.in|publisher=The Wall Bureau News|archive-date=3 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803050413/https://www.thewall.in/news/sankarlal-chakraborty-as-their-head-coach-of-fc-bengaluru-united/}}
*{{cite web|title=I-League – Squad: Bhawanipore Football Club|url=https://i-league.org/team-page/bhawanipore-fc/|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029024456/https://i-league.org/team-page/bhawanipore-fc/|work=I-League.org}}
*{{cite web|date=5 April 2014|first1=AIFF|last1=Media Team|url=http://i-league.org/?p=12481|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407080338/http://i-league.org/?p=12481|title=Chidi Enters The 100-Goal Club — Ranti Martins Tops List With 184 Goals|archive-date=7 April 2014|website=i-league.org|publisher=All India Football Federation|location=New Delhi}}
*{{cite web|title=Royal flush for Wahingdoh|url=https://theshillongtimes.com/2014/04/12/royal-flush-for-wahingdoh/|date=12 April 2014|website=theshillongtimes.com|location=Shillong|publisher=The Shillong Times|access-date=29 December 2014|archive-date=17 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217133437/https://theshillongtimes.com/2014/04/12/royal-flush-for-wahingdoh/}}
*{{cite web|first1=Chris|last1=Punnakkattu Daniel|title=Royal Wahingdoh and Bhawanipore clash in 2nd Division title decider|url=https://blog.cpdfootball.de/2014/04/10/royal-wahingdoh-bhawanipore-clash-2nd-division-title-decider/|date=10 April 2014|website=cpdfootball.de|location=Shillong|access-date=29 December 2014|archive-date=25 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925124723/https://blog.cpdfootball.de/2014/04/10/royal-wahingdoh-bhawanipore-clash-2nd-division-title-decider/}}
*{{cite web|url=https://theshillongtimes.com/2013/04/02/rangdajied-to-face-bhawanipore-today/|title=Rangdajied to face Bhawanipore today|date=2 April 2013|access-date=17 April 2025|work=The Shillong Times|archive-date=17 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250417101932/https://theshillongtimes.com/2013/04/02/rangdajied-to-face-bhawanipore-today/}}

==External links==
{{Portal bar|India|Association football|Cricket}}
*[https://www.bhawaniporefcproindia.com/index.html Academy website]
*[https://int.soccerway.com/teams/india/bhawanipore-fc/20936/ Bhawanipore FC] at [[Soccerway]]
*[https://www.the-aiff.com/club/players/8070/6 Bhawanipore FC] at [[All India Football Federation|the-aiff.com]]

{{I-League 2nd Division}}
{{Football in West Bengal}}
{{West Bengal Sports}}

[[Category:Bhawanipore Club]]
[[Category:Football clubs in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Association football clubs established in 1910]]
[[Category:1910 establishments in India]]
[[Category:I-League 2 clubs]]
[[Category:I-League 3 clubs]]
[[Category:Bhowanipore]]

Chaturmukha Basadi, Gerusoppa

2026-04-16T11:28:13Z

Shelia6340: Put up first data added tags

{{distinguish|Chaturmukha Basadi, Karkala}}
{{short description|Jain temple in Karnataka, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox religious building
| religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]]
| sect = [[Digambara]]
| image = File:Chaturmukha basadi, Gerusoppa (cropped).jpg
| alt = Chaturmukha Basadi
| caption = Chaturmukha Basadi
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| map_type = Karnataka
| map_alt =
| map_size = 200
| map_caption = Location within Karnataka
| coordinates = {{coord|14|13|43.4|N|74|39|53|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| location = [[Gerusoppa]], [[Karnataka]]
| festivals = [[Mahavir Jayanti]]
| deity = [[Rishabhanatha]], [[Ajitanatha]], [[Sambhavanatha]] and [[Abhinandananatha]]
| established = 1562
| creator = [[Rani Chennabhairadevi]]
| governing_body =
| materials = Grey [[granite]]
| temple_quantity = 5
| architecture_style = [[Western Chalukya architecture]]
}}

'''Chaturmukha Basadi''' is a symmetrical [[Jain]] [[Jain temple|temple]] located in [[Gerusoppa]] in [[Honnavar Taluk]] of [[Uttara Kannada district]] in the Indian state of [[Karnataka]]. The temple is situated near the banks of the [[Sharavati]].<ref name="DeputyCommissioner">{{cite web | url=http://www.uttarakannada.nic.in/Honnavartourism.html | title=Honnavar Tourism | work=Deputy Commissioner, Uttara Kannada | access-date=25 July 2022 }}</ref>

== History ==
The territory of Gerusoppa was a Jain capital during 1409–1610 CE ruled by the [[Saluva dynasty]] of the [[Vijayanagara Empire]].{{sfn|Jog|2022}}{{sfn|Shastry|2000|p=12}}<ref name="DeputyCommissioner"/> It is said that 1,084 temples existed in the region, but were destroyed and presently only six remain.{{sfn|Das|1981|p=16}} In 1865, the [[veranda]] roof, the spire and the floor slabs were carted away by [[Tehsildar|tehsildars]] from [[Honnavar]] for construction of another temple.{{sfn|Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency|1883|p=282}}{{sfn|Burgess|Cousens|1897|p=197}}{{sfn|Burgess|1885|p=5}} There is an inscription dated from the 16th century that mentions [[Rani Chennabhairadevi]]'s (popularly called the "Pepper Queen"){{refn|group=note|Chennabhairadevi ruled over 57 years and is considered the longest reigning Indian queen.{{sfn|Neginhal|2021|p=140}}{{sfn|Neginhal|2021|p=140}}{{sfn|Chandra|2020}}}} ascension to power.{{sfn|Jog|2022}}{{sfn|Prasad|2022}} The chaturmukha temple was constructed in 1562 CE during the reign of Chennabhairadevi.{{sfn|Priyadarshan|2019}}

Gerusoppa also received royal patronage from the [[Hoysala Empire]].{{sfn|Nandagopal|2019}}

== Architecture ==
[[File:Chaturmukha basadi, Gerusoppa - Dvarapala.jpg|thumb|left|Dvarapalas on temple entrance]]

Chaturmukha Basadi is a famous Jain center located in the Gerusoppa.{{sfn|Hunter|1881|p=191}} The temple is cross-shaped ''chaturmukha'' ({{translation|four-faced}}) structure built in the [[Western Chalukya architecture|Western Chalukya architectural]] style. The temple contains a central shrine, which has four entrances, and enshrines a life-size chaturmukha idol of Jina, [[Rishabhanatha]], [[Ajitanatha]], [[Sambhavanatha]] and [[Abhinandananatha]],{{sfn|Priyadarshan|2019}} facing the four cardinal directions.{{sfn|Cousens|1926|p=126}}{{sfn|Das|1981|p=16}} Each hall of the temple is supported by four pillars with square bases and overhanging brackets with carvings of lotuses.{{sfn|Priyadarshan|2019}} There are ornate idols of [[Dvarapala]], wearing a high crown and each holding a club and a cobra, on either side of the temple entrance.{{sfn|Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency|1883|p=282}}{{sfn|Burgess|Cousens|1897|p=197}}{{sfn|Burgess|1885|p=5}}
[[File:Chaturmukha Basadi Jain temple, Gersoppa Karnataka.jpg|thumb|right
|Floor plan of the temple ]]

There are idols of Tirthankara in the lotus position on three doorways and an image of [[Gajalakshmi]] on the fourth.{{sfn|Jog|2022}} There is a shrine to of [[Jwalamalini]] inside the temple.{{sfn|Prakash|2014}} The temple also enshrines images of [[Virabhadra]] and [[Ganesha]].{{sfn|Chandra|2020}}

== Other Jain Temples in Gerusoppa ==
There are four other Jain temples in Gerusoppa.
# '''Mahavira temple''' houses a black stone idol of [[Mahavira]], the 24th [[Tirthankara]].{{sfn|Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency|1883|p=282}}{{sfn|Burgess|Cousens|1897|p=197}} The temple also houses three stone slab inscriptions — (1) {{convert|1.9|x|0.74|m}} slab inscription, dated 1378 CE,<ref>{{cite web |title=Inscriptions |url=http://www.asidharwadcircle.in/monument/inscriptions-5/|publisher=[[Archaeological Survey of India]] |access-date=29 July 2022}}</ref> with ''Jina'' at top with two worshippers, a cow and a calf. (2) {{convert|1.42|x|0.67|m}} slab inscription has three sections; the first line has an image of Jina with an attendant, the second line has two male worshippers in the [[lotus position]] and third has two female worshippers on either side. (3) {{convert|1.57|x|0.66|m}} slab inscription with a Jina inside temple adorned by devotees.{{sfn|Burgess|1885|p=6}}
# '''Neminatha temple''', situated near Mahavira temple, enshrines a large idol of [[Neminatha]], the 22nd Tirthankara, seated on a circular pedestal.{{sfn|Burgess|1885|p=6}}{{sfn|Cousens|1926|p=126}}
# '''Parshvanatha temple''' is dedicated to [[Parshvanatha]], the 23rd Tirthankara. The temple enshrines many idols collected from nearby shrines including a [[Pañcadhātu]] idol.{{sfn|Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency|1883|p=283}} There are images of twelve Tirthankaras in the panel of the temple.{{sfn|Burgess|1885|p=6}}{{sfn|Burgess|Cousens|1897|p=197}}
# '''Kade temple''' enshrines a carved idol {{convert|1.32|m}} of Parshvanatha with the hood of a cobra.{{sfn|Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency|1883|p=283}}{{sfn|Burgess|Cousens|1897|p=197}}{{sfn|Cousens|1926|p=126}}

== See also ==
* [[Mirjan Fort]]
* [[Hadavalli]]
* [[Karkala]]
* [[Gerusoppa]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

== References ==
=== Citations ===
{{reflist|23em}}

=== Sources ===
==== Books ====
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book | last=Burgess | first=James | author-link=James Burgess (archaeologist) |title=Lists of Antiquarian Remains in the Bombay Presidency | volume=11 | series=Archaeological Survey of Western India | year=1885 | publisher=Government Central Press | location=[[Bombay]] |url={{Google books|xScXAAAAYAAJ|page=5|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} }}
* {{cite book | last1=Burgess | first1=James | author-link1=James Burgess (archaeologist) | last2=Cousens | first2=Henry | author-link2=Henry Cousens |title=Revised Lists of Antiquarian Remains in the Bombay Presidency | volume=16 | series=New Imperial series | year=1897 | publisher=Government Central Press | location=[[Bombay]] |url={{Google books|H2ZBAQAAIAAJ|page=197|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} }}
* {{cite book | last=Cousens | first=Henry | author-link=Henry Cousens |title=Chālukyan Architecture | year=1926 | publisher=Central Publication Branch | location=[[Calcutta]] |url=https://ignca.gov.in/Asi_data/12050.pdf }}
* {{cite book | last=Hunter | first=William Wilson | author-link=William Wilson Hunter |title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India | volume=5 | series=[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]] | year=1881 | publisher=[[Trübner & Company]] | location=[[Bombay]] |url={{Google books|wkwcAQAAIAAJ|page=191|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} }}
* {{cite book | author=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency | author-link=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency |title=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Ka'nara | volume=15 | edition=2 | series=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency | year=1883 | publisher=Government Central Press | location=[[Bombay]] |url={{Google books|ug8IAQAAIAAJ|page=282|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} }}
* {{cite book | last=Neginhal | first=S. G. | author-link=S. G. Neginhal |title=Memoirs of an Ardent Wildlifer | year=2021 | publisher=[[Notion Press]] |url={{Google books|TUlDEAAAQBAJ|pg=PT140|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | isbn=9781638509257 }}
* {{cite book | last=Shastry | first=Bhagamandala Seetharama | editor-last=Borges | editor-first=Charles J. |title=Goa-Kanara Portuguese Relations, 1498-1763 | volume=8 | series=Xavier Centre of historical research studies | year=2000 | publisher=Concept Publishing Company
|url={{Google books|raLL0A3Pb_0C|page=12|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | isbn=9788170228486 }}
{{refend}}

==== Web ====
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite news | last=Chandra | first=Subhash | title=A new page: Reviving a piece of history | date=6 December 2020 | newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]] | url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2020/dec/06/a-new-page-reviving-a-piece-of-history-2232443.html }}
* {{cite web | last=Das | first=B. K. | title=District census handbook - Uttara Kannada district | issue=9 | url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/29890/download/33071/46537_1981_UTT.pdf | series=[[1981 Census of India]] | publisher=[[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)]] | year=1981 }}
* {{cite news | last=Jog | first=Swatee | title=The Pepper Queen of Karnataka | date=21 July 2022 | newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/spectrum/spectrum-top-stories/the-pepper-queen-of-karnataka-1128719.html }}
* {{cite news | last=Nandagopal | first=Choodamani | title=Heritage of Indian manuscript tradition | date=2 May 2019 | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/heritage-of-indian-manuscript-tradition/article27013161.ece }}
* {{cite news | last=Prakash | first=B. V. | title=Royal remains of a glorious era | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/408097/royal-remains-glorious-era.html | date=20 May 2014 | newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] }}
* {{cite news | last=Prasad | first=Shyam | title=IT professional unearths 4 Jain inscriptions in Karnataka | date=17 January 2022 | newspaper=[[The Times of India]] | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/it-professional-unearths-4-jain-inscriptions/articleshow/88939540.cms }}
* {{cite news | author=Priyadarshan | title=Structures add spice to the regal past | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/spectrum/spectrum-statescan/structures-add-spice-to-the-regal-past-731954.html | date=9 May 2019 | newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] }}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{commons category-inline|Chaturmukha Basadi, Gerusoppa}}

{{Jain temples}}
{{Jainism Topics}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Jain temples in Karnataka]]
[[Category:16th-century Jain temples]]

Deepak Chaurasia

2026-04-10T02:15:26Z

Shelia6340: Put up basic details and citations

{{Short description|Indian journalist}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{BLP sources|date=March 2013}}
{{Infobox writer 
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| name = Deepak Chaurasia
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1968|12|28}} {{citation needed|date=March 2020}}
| birth_place =
| occupation = Anchor
| nationality =
| alma_mater = [[Indian Institute of Mass Communication|IIMC]]
| genre =
| notableworks =
| spouse =
| children = 1
| website =
}}
'''Deepak Chaurasia''' (born 1968){{citation needed|date=March 2020}} is an Indian journalist and Hindi-language news anchor for [[Zee News]].

Chaurasia was a contestant on the reality TV show, [[Bigg Boss OTT (Hindi TV series) season 3|''Bigg Boss OTT Season 3'']]. He entered the show on June 21, 2024 and got evicted after 30 days. The series is streamed on [[JioCinema|JioCinema Premium]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Bigg Boss OTT 3: When and where to watch... |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-ott-3-when-and-where-to-watch-the-premiere-of-anil-kapoor-hosted-controversial-reality-show/articleshow/111159972.cms |access-date=22 June 2024 |agency=Times Entertainment |publisher=Times of India/Bombay Times |date=Jun 21, 2024}}</ref>

==Early life==
Deepak Chaurasia received his diploma in journalism from the [[Indian Institute of Mass Communication]], New Delhi.{{Citation needed|date=November 2024}}

==Career==
After completing his education, Deepak cofounded [[Aaj Tak]]{{Citation needed|date=February 2016}}. In 2003 he joined [[DD News]] as a consulting editor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiantelevision.com/headlines/y2k3/oct/oct199.htm |title=Indiantelevision.com's Breaking News: Chaurasia accepts DD News post |publisher=Indiantelevision.com |date=2003-10-27 |accessdate=2013-05-07}}</ref> He returned to Aaj Tak in July 2004. He later joined STAR News<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afaqs.com/news/story/21515_Deepak-Chaurasia-of-Aaj-Tak-to-join-STAR-News |title=Deepak Chaurasia of Aaj Tak to join STAR News > afaqs! news & features |publisher=Afaqs.com |date=2008-06-30 |accessdate=2013-05-07}}</ref> which became [[ABP News]]. Deepak joined [[India News]] in the capacity of editor-in-chief in January 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.exchange4media.com/49837_india-news-flexes-muscles-with-revamp.html |title=India News flexes muscles with revamp |publisher=Exchange4media.com |accessdate=2013-05-07 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513112425/http://www.exchange4media.com/49837_india-news-flexes-muscles-with-revamp.html |archivedate=13 May 2013}}</ref>

He left [[India News]] & [[News Nation]] and joined [[Zee News]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.exchange4media.com/media-tv-news/deepak-chaurasia-steps-down-as-editor-in-chief-of-india-news-96407.html|title=Deepak Chaurasia steps down as Editor-in-Chief of India News - Exchange4media|website=Indian Advertising Media & Marketing News – exchange4media|language=en|access-date=2019-05-21}}</ref>

== Controversies ==
In November 2013, a [[Media Sarkar]] sting operation aired allegedly showing several leaders of the [[Aam Aadmi Party]] agreeing to assist in land deals and other financial arrangements in return for cash donations.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/DEL-sting-operation-controversial-political-career-shazia-ilmi-aam-aadmi-party-delhi-4441540-PHO.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126063623/http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/DEL-sting-operation-controversial-political-career-shazia-ilmi-aam-aadmi-party-delhi-4441540-PHO.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 November 2013 |publisher=Daily Bhaskar |title=RECAP: The controversial political career of Shazia Ilmi |date=22 November 2013 |accessdate=4 February 2014}}</ref> The party responded by calling the footage fabricated, a violation of the [[Election Commission of India's Model Code of Conduct|Model Code of Conduct]] and threatening to sue Media Sarkar and any TV channels that aired the video.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/aap-defends-shazia-ilmi-threatens-to-sue-media-sarkar-and-tv-channels/1198331/ |title=AAP defends Shazia Ilmi, threatens to sue Media Sarkar and TV channels |work=The Indian Express|date=23 November 2013 |accessdate=24 November 2013}}</ref> Chaurasia was thereafter sued for defamation by the party national secretary, who alleged that the sting operation was faked to harm the party's reputation.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/aap-files-defamation-case-against-deepak-chaurasia-over-sting-operation-1249343.html |title=AAP files defamation case against Deepak Chaurasia over sting operation | date=2013-11-25 | accessdate=2014-07-01 | work = First Post}}</ref>

In August 2013, the Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee filed charges against India News for repeatedly airing an interview with a spokesman for [[Asaram Bapu]] which allegedly contained factually incorrect statements about a series of sexual assault allegations against him.<ref>{{cite news|title=Complaint filed against Asaram spokesperson|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/complaint-filed-against-asaram-spokesperson/1160007/|accessdate=30 June 2014|work=The Indian Express|date=2013-08-26}}</ref> In December 2013, criminal charges were also brought against Chaurasia alleging that he had personally tampered with documents related to the sexual assault allegations.<ref name = Press>{{cite news|title=HC stays arrest of Deepak Chaurasia in alleged tampering with Asaram's video case|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/hc-stays-arrest-of-deepak-chaurasia-in-alleged-tampering-with-asarams-video-case/445690-3-242.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140117065214/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/hc-stays-arrest-of-deepak-chaurasia-in-alleged-tampering-with-asarams-video-case/445690-3-242.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-01-17|accessdate=30 June 2014|publisher=Press Trust of India|date=2014-01-16}}</ref><ref name = Times>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-01-16/allahabad/46262933_1_asaram-bapu-asaram-case-fir |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140127045453/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2014-01-16/allahabad/46262933_1_asaram-bapu-asaram-case-fir |url-status=dead |archive-date=2014-01-27 |title= FIR filed against Deepak Chaurasia under POSCO act|date=2014-01-16|accessdate=2014-07-01| first = Rajesh Kumar |work=[[The Times of India]] | last =Pandey}}</ref> In January 2014, the Allahabad high court stayed his arrest following his response that the broadcast was "bona fide" and nothing was tampered with.<ref name = Press/><ref name = Times/>
===Controversial Show===
Chaurasia was seen slurring his words and making several verbal slips while anchoring a live show about the death of General [[Bipin Rawat]] in a helicopter crash. Chaurasia mistakenly described the general as a “journalist”, and at one point referred to him as “General V.P. Singh”. Chaurasia faced wide-ranging criticism on social media for his on-air demeanor and was accused of being drunk while on air.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Team|first=N. L.|title=The high point of Deepak Chaurasia's primetime show on News Nation|url=https://www.newslaundry.com/2021/12/11/the-high-point-of-deepak-chaurasias-primetime-show-on-news-nation|access-date=2021-12-12|website=Newslaundry}}</ref> He later issued a statement on Facebook denying that he was inebriated during the show. He claimed that he was suffering side-effects after having consumed a large quantity of painkillers to alleviate pain from a hairline fracture in his leg.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-14|title=News Nation Journalist Deepak Chaurasia says he wasn't drunk, blames painkillers; issues apology-(VIRAL VIDEO)|url=https://newsroompost.com/india/news-nation-journalist-deepak-chaurasia-says-he-wasnt-drunk-blames-painkillers-issues-apology-viral-video/5047879.html|access-date=2021-12-14|website=NewsroomPost|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chaurasia, Deepak}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian male journalists]]
[[Category:Indian television journalists]]
[[Category:Indian television presenters]]
[[Category:Writers from Indore]]
[[Category:Journalists from Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:1968 births]]

Meerut Lok Sabha constituency

2026-04-09T01:24:14Z

Shelia6340:

{{short description|Lok Sabha Constituency in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| type = LS
| name = Meerut {{Small|UP-10}}
| established = 1952
| electors = 20,00,530<ref>{{Cite web| title=EC releases absolute number of voters for all completed phases | date=2024-05-25 | url=https://elections24.eci.gov.in/docs/WYKXFehhEH.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525141320/https://elections24.eci.gov.in/docs/WYKXFehhEH.pdf | archive-date=2024-05-25}}</ref>
| reservation = None
| mp = [[Arun Govil]]
| incumbent_image = Arun Govil.jpg
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Lok Sabha constituencies/2019/Uttar Pradesh/Meerut.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Meerut Lok Sabha constituency
| party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Indian general elections|2024]]
| preceded_by = [[Rajendra Agrawal]]
| state = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| assembly_cons = [[Kithore Assembly constituency|Kithore]] [[Meerut Cantonment Assembly constituency|Meerut Cantt.]] [[Meerut Assembly constituency|Meerut]] [[Meerut South Assembly constituency|Meerut South]] [[Hapur Assembly constituency|Hapur]]
}}

'''Meerut Lok Sabha constituency''' ({{IPA|hi|meːɾəʈʰ}}) is one of the 80 [[Lok Sabha]] (parliamentary) constituencies in the Indian state of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. This constituency covers parts of [[Meerut district|Meerut]] and [[Hapur district|Hapur]] districts.<ref name="ceo">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|publisher=The Election Commission of India|pages=463–4, 501|access-date=11 April 2021}}</ref>

==Assembly segments==
Presently, Meerut Lok Sabha constituency comprises 5. [[Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) segments. In 2022, [[BJP]] won 3 and [[samajwadi party]] won 2.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ceouttarpradesh.nic.in/010_PC_Statistics_English.aspx|title=Information and Statistics-Parliamentary Constituencies-10-Meerut|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Uttar Pradesh website|access-date=11 April 2021}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable"
!No
!Name
!District
!Member
!colspan="2"| Party
!colspan="2"| 2024 lead
|-
|46
|[[Kithore Assembly constituency|Kithore]]
|rowspan="4"| [[Meerut district|Meerut]]
|[[Shahid Manzoor]]
|{{party name with color|Samajwadi Party}}
|{{party name with color|Samajwadi Party}}
|-
|47
|[[Meerut Cantonment Assembly constituency|Meerut Cantt.]]
|[[Amit Agarwal (politician)|Amit Agarwal]]
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|48
|[[Meerut Assembly constituency|Meerut]]
|[[Rafiq Ansari]]
|{{party name with color|Samajwadi Party}}
|{{party name with color|Samajwadi Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
|49
|[[Meerut South Assembly constituency|Meerut South]]
|[[Somendra Tomar]]
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
|59
|[[Hapur Assembly constituency|Hapur]] (SC)
|[[Hapur district|Hapur]]
|[[Vijay Pal]]
|}

== Members of Parliament ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Member<ref name="Meerut Lok Sabha Election Result - Parliamentary Constituency">{{cite news |title=Meerut Lok Sabha Election Result - Parliamentary Constituency |url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/meerut-lok-sabha |accessdate=28 June 2025 |work= |publisher=Result University |date=28 June 2025 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250628130948/https://resultuniversity.com/election/meerut-lok-sabha |archivedate=28 June 2025}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
|[[1951–52 Indian general election|1952]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Shah Nawaz Khan (general)|Shah Nawaz Khan]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[1957 Indian general election|1957]]
|-
|[[1962 Indian general election|1962]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1967|1967]]
|[[Maharaj Singh Bharti]]
|{{Full party name with color|Samyukta Socialist Party}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1971|1971]]
|[[Shah Nawaz Khan (general)|Shah Nawaz Khan]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1977|1977]]
|[[Kailash Prakash]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1980|1980]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Mohsina Kidwai]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1984|1984]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1989|1989]]
|[[Harish Pal]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1991|1991]]
| colspan="3" |''Election countermanded due to violence''<ref>{{cite news |title=Rediff On The NeT: Polling Booth: Election' 96: Uttar Pradesh/Meerut |work=Rediff |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/1998/feb/up80.htm |access-date=11 April 2021}}</ref>
|-
|1994^
| rowspan="3" |[[Amar Pal Singh]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1998|1998]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1999|1999]]
|[[Avtar Singh Bhadana]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 2004|2004]]
|[[Mohammed Shahid Akhlaq]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 2009|2009]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Rajendra Agrawal|Rajendra Agarwal]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=4}}
|-
|[[Indian general election, 2014|2014]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 2019|2019]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 2024|2024]]
|[[Arun Govil]]
|}

^By-Poll

==Election results==

=== General Election 2024 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Indian general election]]: [[Meerut]]<ref name="2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Meerut">{{cite news |title=2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Meerut |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2410.htm |access-date=2 October 2024 |date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241002103631/https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S2410.htm |archive-date=2 October 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Arun Govil]]
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = 5,46,469
|percentage = 46.21
|change = -1.98
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Samajwadi Party
|candidate = Sunita Verma
|votes = 5,35,884
|percentage = 45.32
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Devvrat Kumar Tyagi
|party =Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes =87,025
|percentage =7.36
|change =-40.44
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above]]
|votes = 4,776
|percentage = 0.40
|change = -0.12
}}
{{Election box majority||votes=10,585|percentage=0.89|change=+0.50}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=11,82,479|percentage=59.11
|change=-5.18}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
{{notelist}}

=== 2019===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Indian general elections]]: [[Meerut]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Rajendra Agrawal|Rajendra Agarwal]]|votes=5,86,184|percentage=48.19|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Yaqub Qureishi|Haji Yaqoob Qureshi]]|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes=5,81,455|percentage=47.80|change=|Symbol=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Harendra Agarwal|party=Indian National Congress|votes=34,479|percentage=2.83|change=|Symbol=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above|None of the Above]]
|votes = 6,316
|percentage = 0.52
|change =
|Symbol =
}}
{{Election box majority||votes=4,729|percentage=0.39|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=12,16,940|percentage=64.29|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2014===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Indian general elections]]: [[Meerut]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Rajendra Agrawal|Rajendra Agarwal]]
|votes = 5,32,981
|percentage = 47.86
|change = +15.96
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate =[[ Mohammed Shahid Akhlaq]]
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 3,00,655
|percentage = 27.00
|change = +1.58
|Symbol =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Shahid Manzoor]]
|party = Samajwadi Party
|votes = 2,11,759
|percentage = 19.01
|change = -6.21
|Symbol =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Nagma]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 42,911
|percentage = 3.85
|change = -4.53
|Symbol =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Dr. (Maj.) Himanshu Singh
|party = Aam Aadmi Party
|votes = 11,793
|percentage = 1.06
|change = +1.06
|Symbol =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above|None of the Above]]
|votes = 5,213
|percentage = 0.47
|change = +0.47
|Symbol =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 2,32,326
|percentage = 20.86
|change = +14.38
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 11,13,671
|percentage = 63.12
|change = +14.89
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing = +15.96
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2009===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Indian general elections]]: [[Meerut]] }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Rajendra Agrawal]]
|votes = 2,32,137
|percentage = 31.90
|change = +31.90
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Malook Nagar]]
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 1,84,991
|percentage = 25.42
|change = -10.78
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Shahid Manzoor]]
|party = Samajwadi Party
|votes = 1,83,527
|percentage = 25.22
|change = +25.22
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Rajendra Sharma
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 61,003
|percentage = 8.38
|change = -1.07
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Mohammed Shahid Akhlaq]]
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 34,078
|percentage = 4.68
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 47,146
|percentage = 6.48
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 7,27,711
|percentage = 48.23
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Bahujan Samaj Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2004===
{{Election box begin |title =[[2004 Indian general election]]: [[Meerut]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Mohammed Shahid Akhlaq]]
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 2,52,518
|percentage = 36.20
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Malook Nagar]]
|party = Rashtriya Lok Dal
|votes = 1,83,182
|percentage = 26.26
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[K. C. Tyagi]]
|party = Janata Dal (United)
|votes = 1,67,221
|percentage = 23.97
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate =[[Kewal Kumar Sharma| K. K. Sharma]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 65,914
|percentage = 9.45
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate =[[ Anil Rastogi|Anil Rastogi]]
|party = Shiv Sena
|votes = 15,058
|percentage = 2.16
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 69,336
|percentage = 9.94
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 6,97,484
|percentage = 52.44
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bahujan Samaj Party
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Meerut district]]
* [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Meerut division topics}}

{{Coord|28.98|77.71|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Meerut Lok Sabha constituency}}
[[Category:Politics of Meerut district]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in Uttar Pradesh]]

Veera Shankar

2026-04-02T20:06:40Z

Shelia6340: added some entry v1

{{Short description|Indian Telugu Film Director}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Veera Shankar
| image = Veerashankar.jpg
| imagesize =
| caption = 2021
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Tanuku]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| birthname =
| occupation = Director
| years_active = 1997{{Endash}}present
}}

'''Veera Shankar''' is an Indian film director who works in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] and [[Kannada]] films.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://bharat-movies.com/director/veera-shankar-movies.htm|title= Veera Shankar Movies|publisher= bharatmovies.com|date= 21 November 2010|accessdate= 11 February 2013|archive-date= 7 December 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161207160950/http://bharat-movies.com/director/veera-shankar-movies.htm|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/directors-day-a-unique-idea-in-indian-cinema-says-director-veera-shankar-891911|title=Director’s Day a unique idea in Indian cinema, says director Veera Shankar|first=B. V. S.|last=Prakash|date=1 May 2024|website=www.deccanchronicle.com}}</ref>

==Early life and career==
Veera Sanker is a director, writer and producer in Telugu and Kannada film industries. He made his directorial debut in 1997 with ''Hello ! I Love You'' film starring [[Srikanth (Telugu actor)|Srikanth]] and Sadhika. This film was based on the famous novel “Vennello Aadapilla” by [[Yandamuri Veerendranath]]. The film won the State Award for Best Editing.

His next films were ''Prema Kosam'' and ''Vijaya Ramaraju'', which won three State Awards. His big break came when he directed Pawan Kalyan's ''[[Gudumba Shankar]]'', a family entertainer. He made [[Puneeth Rajkumar]]’s ''[[Namma Basava]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sify.com/entertainment/movies/kannada/fullstory.php?id=13692546|title=Puneeth signs for a Telugu producer|work=[[Sify]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050406200741/http://sify.com/entertainment/movies/kannada/fullstory.php?id=13692546|archive-date=6 April 2005|date=14 March 2005|author=Moviebuzz|access-date=2 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sify.com/entertainment/movies/kannada/fullstory.php?id=13709244|title=Puneeth’s love story!|date=4 April 2005|author=Moviebuzz|work=[[Sify]]|access-date=2 April 2026|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050406202125/http://sify.com/entertainment/movies/kannada/fullstory.php?id=13709244|archive-date=6 April 2005}}</ref> which was a success and ran 100 days in many centers. He directed and produced in addition to writing story and screenplay. His next project was ''[[Anthu Inthu Preethi Banthu]]''.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 February 2008 |title=Is Anthu Inthu Preethi Banthu a Remake? |url=https://www.nowrunning.com/news/kannada/is-anthu-inthu-preethi-banthu-a-remake/14022/story.htm |website=Nowrunning |access-date=5 September 2022 |archive-date=15 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515121452/https://www.nowrunning.com/news/kannada/is-anthu-inthu-preethi-banthu-a-remake/14022/story.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Later on, he directed and produced the Telugu film ''Mana Kurralle'' released on 1st Jan, 2015. He served as President of Telugu Film Directors Association during 2014–2018.

== Filmography ==
{{Pending films key}}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Language
! Notes
|-
! scope="row" | 1997
|''Hello I Love You''
| rowspan="4" | [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" | 2000
|''Prema Kosam''
|
|-
|''[[Vijayaramaraju]]''
|
|-
! scope="row" | 2004
|''[[Gudumba Shankar]]''
|
|-
! scope="row" | 2005
|''[[Namma Basava]]''
| rowspan="2" | [[Kannada]]
|
|-
! scope="row" | 2008
|''[[Anthu Inthu Preethi Banthu]]''
|
|-
! scope="row" | 2015
|''Mana Kurrale''
| rowspan="2" | Telugu
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/review-of-mana-kurrale/article6745378.ece|title=A pointless drawl|date=1 January 2015|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | 2018
|''Yuvarajyam''
|
|}

;As actor

* ''[[Jathi Ratnalu]]'' (2021)
* ''[[Oka Chinna Family Story]]'' (2021)
* ''[[Virata Parvam]]'' (2022)
* ''Gandharwa'' (2022)
* ''[[Bujji Ila Raa]]'' (2022)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|1328136|Veera Shankar}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shankar, Veera}}
[[Category:Telugu film directors]]
[[Category:Telugu film producers]]
[[Category:Telugu screenwriters]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Screenwriters from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Film directors from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Film producers from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:People from Tanuku]]

{{India-film-director-stub}}

Tatanagar–Thawe Express

2026-04-02T16:02:13Z

Shelia6340:

{{Short description|Train in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox rail service
| name = Tatanagar–Thawe Express
| image = TATA THE Exp at PF 2 of TATA.jpg
| image_width =
| caption = Tatanagar Thawe Express standing at Tatanagar with Asansol based WAP-4.
| type = [[Express trains in India|Express]]
| locale = [[Bihar]], [[West Bengal]] & [[Jharkhand]]
| first = {{start date and age|df=yes|1977|08|15}} {{small|(extended to [[Thawe, Bihar|Thawe]])}}
| status = {{color|green|Active}}
| last =
| operator = [[South Eastern Railway zone|South Eastern Railway]]
| ridership = The train was extended to Thawe due to passenger demand, indicating high traffic demand between these regions.
| start = {{stnlnk|Tatanagar}} (TATA)
| stops = 37
| end = [[Thawe, Bihar|Thawe]] (THE)
| distance = {{convert|718|km|0|abbr=on}}
| journeytime = 19 hrs 50 mins
| frequency = 4 days a week.{{efn|Runs four days in a week for every direction.}}
| class = AC 2 Tier, AC 3 Tier, Sleeper Class, General Unreserved
| seating = No
| sleeping = Yes
| autorack =
| catering = On-board catering, E-catering
| observation = Large windows
| entertainment =
| baggage = No
| otherfacilities = Below the seats
| stock = [[LHB coach]]
| gauge = {{track gauge|1676mm|al=on|allk=on}}
| electrification =
| trainnumber = 18181 / 18182
| speed = {{convert|36|km/h|0|abbr=on}} average including halts
| map =
| map_state =
}}

The 18181 / 18182 '''Tatanagar–Thawe Express''' is an [[Express trains in India|express]] train belonging to [[South Eastern Railway zone]] that runs between {{stnlnk|Tatanagar Junction}} and [[Thawe, Bihar|Thawe Junction]] in India. It is currently being operated with 18181/18182 train numbers on a quad-weekly basis.<ref>[http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/tata-chhapra-express-looted-in-bihar-guards-chose-to-hide-allege-passengers-722541 Tata-Chhapra Express Looted in Bihar; Guards Chose to Hide, Allege Passengers]</ref><ref>[https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/tata-chhapra-express-robbed-15-men-jamui-bihar-234146-2015-01-05 Tata-Chhapra Express robbed by 15 men in Bihar]</ref>

== Service==

The 18181/Tatanagar–Thawe Express has an average speed of 36 km/h and covers 718 km in 19h 50 m. The 18182/Thawe–Tatanagar Express has an average speed of 36 km/h and covers 718 km in 20h 10m.

== Route and halts ==

The important halts of the train are:

* {{stnlnk|Tatanagar Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Purulia Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Joychandi Pahar}} ({{stnlnk|Adra Junction}} alternative)
* {{stnlnk|Asansol Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Jasidih Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Jhajha}}
* {{stnlnk|Kiul Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Barauni Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Samastipur Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Muzaffarpur Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Hajipur Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Chhapra Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Siwan Junction}}
* [[Thawe, Bihar|Thawe Junction]]

==Coach composition==

The train has standard ICF rakes with a maximum speed of 110 km/h. The train consists of 23 coaches:

* 1 AC II Tier
* 3 AC III Tier
* 12 Sleeper coaches
* 5 Second Seating cum General coaches
* 2 Seating cum Luggage Rake

==Traction==

Both trains are hauled by a [[Santragachi Junction railway station|Santragachi Loco Shed]]-based [[WAP-4]] electric locomotive from Tatanagar to Thawe and vice versa.

== Extension==
The train ran between Tatanagar and [[Samastipur Junction railway station|Samastipur]] when introduced. It got extended to [[Muzaffarpur Junction railway station|Muzaffarpur]] later. This was again extended to [[Gorakhpur Junction railway station|Gorakhpur]] during early 1990s but later got short terminated to [[Chhapra Junction railway station|Chhapra]]. The train was again extended to Thawe Junction from 12 April 2021 on the request of [[Gopalganj (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gopalganj]] MP, Dr. Alok Kumar Suman.

==Rake sharing==

The train shared its rake with 15083/15084 [[Utsarg Express]] before [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]]. Currently it shares its rake with [[Tatanagar-Katihar Express]].

==Slip coaches==

It used to carry the slip coaches of [[Tatanagar-Katihar Express]] before [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]], which used to get detached at {{stnlnk|Barauni Junction}}. Now Tatanagar-Katihar Express is running independently (now via New Barauni) with Rake Sharing with this train.

==Direction reversal==

The train reverses its direction 1 times:

* {{stnlnk|Asansol Junction}}

== See also ==

* [[Tatanagar Junction railway station]]
* [[Chhapra Junction railway station]]
* [[Utsarg Express]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==

{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://indiarailinfo.com/train/322 18181/Tatanagar–Thawe Express] India Rail Info
* [https://indiarailinfo.com/train/351 18182/Thawe–Tatanagar Express] India Rail Info

{{Railways in Eastern India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tatanagar-Chhapra Express}}
[[Category:Transport in Jamshedpur]]
[[Category:Transport in Chhapra]]
[[Category:Express trains in India]]
[[Category:Rail transport in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Bihar]]

{{India-express-train-stub}}

Vettai

2026-03-31T05:50:26Z

Shelia6340:

{{Short description|2012 film by N. Linguswamy}}
{{for|the Singaporean Tamil series|Vettai (TV series)}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Vettai poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[N. Lingusamy]]
{{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes
| label1= Dialogues by
| data1 = {{ubl|[[Brinda Sarathy]]}}
}}
| writer =
| screenplay = N. Lingusamy
| story = N. Lingusamy
| producer = [[N. Subash Chandra Bose]] [[Ronnie Screwvala]] N. Lingusamy [[Siddharth Roy Kapur]]
| starring = [[Arya (actor)|Arya]] [[R. Madhavan]] [[Sameera Reddy]] [[Amala Paul]]
| cinematography = [[Nirav Shah]]
| editing = [[Anthony (film editor)|Anthony]]
| music = [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
| studio = [[Thirupathi Brothers]] [[UTV Motion Pictures]]
| distributor = UTV Motion Pictures [[Vendhar Movies]]
| released = {{Film date|2012|01|14|df=y}}
| runtime = 168 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Vettai''''' ({{Translation|Hunt}}) is a 2012 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[masala film]] co-produced, written and directed by [[N. Lingusamy]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pillai, Sreedhar |date=19 September 2010 |title=Arya-Tamannaah in Lingusamy's next |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Arya-Tamannaah-in-Lingusamys-next/articleshow/6579987.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105031511/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-19/news-interviews/28224232_1_vettai-lingusamy-film |archive-date=5 November 2012 |access-date=18 September 2010 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The film stars [[Arya (actor)|Arya]] and [[R. Madhavan]] in the lead roles, while [[Sameera Reddy]], [[Amala Paul]], [[Ashutosh Rana]], [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]] and [[Thambi Ramaiah]] appear in supporting roles.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |date=13 October 2010 |title=Madhavan to join Vettai team! |url=http://sify.com/movies/madhavan-to-join-vettai-team-news-tamil-kknjFEjhchb.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101015065356/http://sify.com/movies/madhavan-to-join-vettai-team-news-tamil-kknjFEjhchb.html |archive-date=15 October 2010 |access-date=24 September 2011 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> The story follows Guru Murthy (Madhavan), a timid and peace-loving constable who lacks confidence, and his younger brother Guna (Arya), a bold, aggressive and fearless policeman. Despite being less capable in the field, Guru often gets credit for arrests, while Guna does the real work behind the scenes.

The music was composed by [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]], and cinematography and editing handled by [[Nirav Shah]] and [[Anthony (film editor)|Anthony]].

The film was announced shortly after the release of Lingusamy's ''[[Paiyaa]]'', with [[Dayanidhi Azhagiri|Dayanidhi Alagiri's]] [[Cloud Nine Movies]] agreeing to produce the film, following a successful collaboration during the director's previous film. During a lengthy pre-production phase, the film underwent changes in its main cast and Cloud Nine Movies pulled out of the project. Linguswamy's own banner [[Thirupathi Brothers]] took up the film. Filming was initially planned to begin by mid-2010, but was delayed until March 2011.

''Vettai'' was released on 14 January 2012, coinciding with [[Pongal (festival)|Pongal]] festival, and became a commercial success at the box office. The film was remade in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] as ''[[Tadakha]]'' (2013) and in [[Hindi]] as ''[[Baaghi 3]]'' (2020).

==Plot==
Thirumurthy and Gurumurthy are two brothers in [[Thoothukudi]], with Thirumurthy, being sensitive to violence, in contrast to Gurumurthy, who is brave and clever. Whenever Thirumurthy is thrashed by anyone, he sends Gurumurthy to finish them. However, Gurumurthy is frequently berated by his father Lingamurthy, a police officer, for beating local people, while Thirumurthy only feels for him.

After the death of Lingamurthy, Thirumurthy takes on the same police job by the request of Gurumurthy, who remains an unemployed youngster. Thirumurthy is posted as [[Sub-Inspector|SI]] in Thoothukudi. Meanwhile, Thirumurthy and Gurumurthy meets two sisters Vasanthi and Jayanthi. Vasanthi had an issue at Gurumurthy at first, but later they broke the ice. Afterwards, Thirumurthy marries Vasanthi, and both sisters move in to Thirumurthy and Gurumurthy's house. A number of humorous incidents follow, such as Jayanthi's to-be husband is actually revealed to be a clumsy [[Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin|NRI]] named Gautham, whom she disapproves. She openly expresses her love for Gurumurthy, who accepts.

Thirumurthy rises to fame in his job by having Gurumurthy secretly punish suspects and save victims for him. Everyone believes that Thirumurthy actually fought the criminals himself, but in reality, he took credit for Gurumurthy's doings, unknown to them. One of the village's biggest mob bosses, Annachi, discovers the truth via a [[Closed-circuit television|CCTV]] showing Gurumurthy. Enraged, he has his men severely beat up Thirumurthy, making the latter confident that his brother will continue his job. Gurumurthy proclaims that he made Thirumurthy as a policeman to overcome his fears and become stronger. Following his recovery, Thirumurthy begins training under Gurumurthy and subsequently overcomes his fear and manages to defeat a few of Annachi's men and tactically, with Gurumurthy's help, kill Maari, the goon responsible for beating him up.

Eventually, Annachi and his men break into the brothers's house and cause havoc. Thirumurthy and Gurumurthy arrive and defeat all of Annachi's men; however, they are unable to beat Annachi. Gurumurthy wants to kill Annachi but Thirumurthy wants to arrest him. The two brothers quarrel on whether to kill or arrest him. Gurumurthy declares that they will roll the gun; if the stops at Annachi, he will be killed. The gun stops rolling at Annachi and when he tries to grab the gun, Gurumurthy stops him by kicking him, and Thirumurthy shoots him dead.

Thirumurthy is again congratulated by the local police, but gives equal credit to Gurumurthy as well. Through this praise, Gurumurthy also gets to join the police force.

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Arya (actor)|Arya]] as Gurumurthy, Thirumurthy's brother
* [[R. Madhavan]] as [[Inspector]] K. Thirumurthy, Gurumurthy's brother
* [[Sameera Reddy]] as Vasanthi, Thirumurthy's wife (Voice dubbed by [[Chinmayi Sripada|Chinmayi]])
* [[Amala Paul]] as Jayanthi, Gurumurthy's wife (Voice dubbed by [[Savitha Reddy]])
* [[Ashutosh Rana]] as Annachi
* [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]] as [[Superintendent of police (India)|SP]] Veerapandiyan Thevar [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
* [[Thambi Ramaiah]] as [[Constable]] B. Azhagu
* [[Soundararaja]] as Madura
* [[Shanmugarajan]] as [[Inspector]] Kulasekara Pandian
* [[Sreejith Ravi]] as Surulai
* [[Nagendra Babu]] as Lingamurthy, Gurumurthy's and Thirumurthy's late father
* [[Rajeev Ravindranathan]] as Gautham
* [[Naadodigal Gopal]] as Police officer
* Muthukumar as Maari
* [[N. Linguswamy]] as a man smoking cigarette (cameo appearance)
{{colend}}

==Production==

===Development===

In April 2010, following the success of ''[[Paiyaa]]'', [[Cloud Nine Movies]], who had distributed the film, announced a successive collaboration with the film's director [[N. Linguswamy]], who would make a romantic action film with [[Silambarasan Rajendar|Silambarasan]] in the lead role.{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}} For pre-production works, the crew of the team subsequently headed to [[Macau]] to work out the script,<ref name="Simbu and Lingu in Macau!">{{Cite web |title=Simbu and Lingu in Macau! |url=http://sify.com/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=14939996&cid=2363 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120716015707/http://sify.com/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=14939996&cid=2363 |archive-date=16 July 2012 |access-date=29 April 2010 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> following which Lingusamy moved to the Orange County resort in [[Coorg]], Karnataka to finalise the script.<ref name="autogenerated4">{{Cite web |date=14 May 2010 |title=Lingusamy gets Mahesh Babu! |url=http://sify.com/movies/lingusamy-gets-mahesh-babu-news-tamil-kkfq8caijbb.html?scategory=tamil |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811180014/http://www.sify.com/movies/lingusamy-gets-mahesh-babu-news-tamil-kkfq8caijbb.html?scategory=tamil |archive-date=11 August 2011 |access-date=24 September 2011 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Later that month a photoshoot was completed, with Silambarsan sporting the get up of an [[National Cadet Corps (India)|NCC cadet]].{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}} However, in July 2010, reports suggested that Silambarasan was dropped from the project, since he suddenly, without informing Lingusamy and Dhayanidhi, signed himself up and began working in ''[[Vaanam]]'' (2011).<ref name="autogenerated2">{{Cite web |date=20 July 2010 |title=Lingusamy sacks Silambarasan |url=http://sify.com/movies/lingusamy-sacks-silambarasan-news-tamil-kkfqh6ehedf.html?scategory=tamil |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811180108/http://www.sify.com/movies/lingusamy-sacks-silambarasan-news-tamil-kkfqh6ehedf.html?scategory=tamil |archive-date=11 August 2011 |access-date=24 September 2011 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Silambarasan, in return, revealed that he had not officially signed Cloud Nine Pictures' film, and only decided to work on ''Vaanam'', since Lingusamy was not able to narrate the complete script, despite making him wait for over 100 days.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2010 |title=Simbu lashes out at Lingusamy! |url=http://sify.com/movies/simbu-lashes-out-at-lingusamy-news-tamil-kkfqgMajbde.html?scategory=tamil |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811180145/http://www.sify.com/movies/simbu-lashes-out-at-lingusamy-news-tamil-kkfqgMajbde.html?scategory=tamil |archive-date=11 August 2011 |access-date=24 September 2011 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Controversially, Silambarasan later signed another film in September 2010, which was similarly titled as ''[[Vettai Mannan]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 September 2010 |title=Conflicting titles of Tamil film industry |url=http://www.cinefundas.com/2010/09/29/conflicting-titles-of-tamil-film-industry |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004184355/http://www.cinefundas.com/2010/09/29/conflicting-titles-of-tamil-film-industry |archive-date=4 October 2011 |access-date=24 September 2011 |website=Cinefundas.com}}</ref>

Eventually in September 2010, the film was official announced at a press meet with the title ''Vettai'' with [[Arya (actor)|Arya]] replacing Silambarasan. At the press meet, he revealed that he worked for over three months on the script, keeping his editor [[Anthony (film editor)|Anthony Gonsalvez]] and cinematographer [[Nirav Shah]] updated about the developments.<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 September 2010 |title=Lingusamy's on a hunt |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Lingusamys-on-a-hunt/articleshow/6585389.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20121105031517/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-20/news-interviews/28264405_1_vettai-lingusamy-arya |archive-date=5 November 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The film's principal photography was supposed to commence in December 2010.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 September 2010 |title=Arya-Tamannaah in Lingusamy's next |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Arya-Tamannaah-in-Lingusamys-next/articleshow/6579987.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100921012843/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Arya-Tamannaah-in-Lingusamys-next/articleshow/6579987.cms |archive-date=21 September 2010 |access-date=18 September 2010 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> It was announced as a bilingual project, to be shot separately in Tamil and Telugu. The Telugu version was supposed to be produced by Tirupati Prasad of Mega Supergood Films and feature [[Mahesh Babu]] in the lead role,<ref name="autogenerated4" /> with Madhavan reprising his role.<ref name="autogenerated1" /> In March 2011, Cloud Nine Movies stepped out of the project, which prompted Linguswamy to produce ''Vettai'', too, under his home banner [[Thirupathi Brothers]] along with his brother [[Subash Chandra Bose]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thirupathi Brothers to rock Kollywood |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/thirupathi-brothers-to-rock-kollywood-news-tamil-ldhkHfebjig.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110310042108/http://www.sify.com/movies/thirupathi-brothers-to-rock-kollywood-news-tamil-ldhkHfebjig.html |archive-date=10 March 2011 |access-date=24 September 2011 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>

===Casting===

After Silambarasan's exit, [[Vijay (actor)|Vijay]] was expected to enact the lead role, who had earlier agreed to star in a Lingusamy film in future,<ref name="autogenerated7">{{Cite news |date=21 July 2010 |title=Vijay is not replacing Simbu |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Vijay-is-not-replacing-Simbu/articleshow/6191928.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105031527/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-21/news-interviews/28318480_1_poda-podi-lingusamy-simbu |archive-date=5 November 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> and was subsequently approached by the team.<ref name="autogenerated2" /> He, however, declined the offer, not willing to play a role that was "originally written keeping in mind the image of another actor".<ref name="autogenerated7" /> Only in September 2010, during the official announcement, it became apparent that [[Arya (actor)|Arya]] was signed on to reprise the lead role. Furthermore, Linguswamy was trying to sign [[R. Madhavan|Madhavan]] for another leading role, while, several days later, sources reported that Madhavan definitely had rejected the offer.{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}} The next month, however, it was confirmed that Madhavan was roped in to enact the role as a police officer and brother of Arya's character.<ref name="autogenerated1" /> Madhavan accepted the film as he was 'blown' away by the story.<ref>{{Cite news |date=14 October 2010 |title=Vettai's story blew me away: Madhavan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Vettais-story-blew-me-away-Madhavan/articleshow/6741515.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20121104211723/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-10-14/news-interviews/28270588_1_maddy-arya-manmadhan-ambu |archive-date=4 November 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

The lead female role was reported to be played by [[Tamannaah Bhatia]], who had been part of Lingusamy's ''[[Paiyaa]]'' as well. In an interview later, she disclosed that she was not approached earlier and though she liked the script, she could not take the offer due to her prior commitments.<ref>{{Cite web |title=I love my job and I am honest to it:Tamannaah |url=http://sify.com/movies/i-love-my-job-and-i-am-honest-to-it-tamannaah-news-tamil-kkpnnpihgje.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101018063924/http://sify.com/movies/i-love-my-job-and-i-am-honest-to-it-tamannaah-news-tamil-kkpnnpihgje.html |archive-date=18 October 2010 |access-date=24 September 2011 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> [[Anushka Shetty]] then accepted the offer,<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 October 2010 |title=Anushka bags two biggies |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Anushka-bags-two-biggies/articleshow/6774628.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105031535/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-10-20/news-interviews/28236644_1_anushka-vettai-linguswamy |archive-date=5 November 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> while [[Sameera Reddy]] was signed to play Madhavan's pair in the film, as a village girl.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 October 2010 |title=Sameera's in the hunt |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Sameeras-in-the-hunt/articleshow/6809305.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20121105031614/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-10-26/news-interviews/28226651_1_tamil-film-vettai-actress |archive-date=5 November 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> In late November 2010, Anushka pulled out and [[Amala Paul]], following her critically acclaimed performance in ''[[Mynaa]]'', was roped in to play a leading character, as the love interest of Arya's character.<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 November 2010 |title=Amala Paul in Vettai |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Amala-Paul-in-Vettai/articleshow/6981875.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20121105031622/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-11-25/news-interviews/28227393_1_vettai-amala-paul-lingusamy |archive-date=5 November 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

===Filming===
After Arya had finished shooting and dubbing for ''[[Avan Ivan]]'', the first schedule of ''Vettai'' was planned to begin on 2 March, which however, was also cancelled as Dhayanidhi wanted the filming to be pushed by another two months, which supposedly was the reason for Linguswamy's decision to produce the film himself. Shooting eventually started on 16 March 2011 in [[Karaikudi]], with Madhavan, Arya, Sameera Reddy and Amala Paul participating.{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}} A song "Dumma Dumma Dummaa", choreographed by Brindha, was shot first, with nearly 2000 people being part of the shoot along with the four lead actors.<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 March 2011 |title=Lingusamy's dancing his way to success |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Lingusamys-dancing-his-way-to-success/articleshow/7816111.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20121105033003/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-30/news-interviews/29361273_1_lingusamy-gala-time-song |archive-date=5 November 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> A fight sequence, involving Arya and Madhavan, was shot in the [[Pondicherry University]] sports complex on 24 April.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vettai mass song picturised |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/vettai-mass-song-picturised-news-tamil-ld3lu3iifgg.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110401145537/http://www.sify.com/movies/vettai-mass-song-picturised-news-tamil-ld3lu3iifgg.html |archive-date=1 April 2011 |access-date=24 September 2011 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> In June 2011, other key action sequences were filmed at [[Madurai]], [[Thoothukudi]], [[Thanjavur]] and [[Aruppukottai]].{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}} The introduction song of the film was also shot in Thanjavur.{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}} Some action sequences were shot in [[Madanapalle]], a town located in the [[Chittoor district]], Andhra Pradesh,{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}} while the climax was shot at Binny Mills in [[Chennai]] under the supervision of stunt director Silva in October 2011.<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 October 2011 |title=Vettai climax scene in Binny Mills |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/vettai-climax-scene-in-binny-mills-news-tamil-lkuujXgbagh.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111021140806/http://www.sify.com/movies/vettai-climax-scene-in-binny-mills-news-tamil-lkuujXgbagh.html |archive-date=21 October 2011 |access-date=24 December 2011 |work=[[Sify]]}}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
{{Main|Vettai (soundtrack)}}

Following successful collaborations with director Linguswamy in ''[[Sandakozhi]]'' (2005) and ''[[Paiyaa]]'' (2010), [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]] was signed up to produce the film score and soundtrack for ''Vettai'' as well. The album featured five songs with lyrics written by [[Na. Muthukumar]]. The soundtrack album was launched on 16 December 2011 at the [[Anna Centenary Library|Anna Centenary Auditorium]] in [[Kotturpuram]], [[Chennai]], with several lead actors and directors from the Tamil film industry attending the event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2011 |title=Vettai audio launched with lot of glitz & glamour |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/vettai-audio-launched-with-lot-of-glitz-glamour-news-tamil-lmrjOfjidcg.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217233935/http://www.sify.com/movies/vettai-audio-launched-with-lot-of-glitz-glamour-news-tamil-lmrjOfjidcg.html |archive-date=17 December 2011 |access-date=2 January 2012 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |date=17 December 2011 |title=Glittering audio launch |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/kollywood/glittering-audio-launch-507 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111219072643/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/kollywood/glittering-audio-launch-507 |archive-date=19 December 2011 |access-date=2 January 2012 |work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref> Four days prior to the soundtrack release, on 12 December 2011, the song "Pappappa" was launched as a [[single (music)|single track]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 December 2011 |title=Single from Vettai to be launched today |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/music/news-and-interviews/Single-from-Vettai-to-be-launched-today/articleshow/11080130.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707005111/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-12/news-and-interviews/30508113_1_vettai-mirchi-music-premiere-arya |archive-date=7 July 2012 |access-date=2 January 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pappappa.. becomes a rage! |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/pappappa-becomes-a-rage-news-tamil-lmqkFBfceie.html?scategory=tamil |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924191328/http://www.sify.com/movies/pappappa-becomes-a-rage-news-tamil-lmqkFBfceie.html?scategory=tamil |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=2 January 2012 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=22 December 2011 |title=Vettai's single success |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Vettais-single-success/articleshow/11144270.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022045247/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-17/news-interviews/30528397_1_song-folk-number-virtual-world |archive-date=22 October 2013 |access-date=2 January 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

==Release==
Produced on a budget of {{INR}} 25 crore,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sreedhar |first=Sridevi |date=23 September 2010 |title=Arya– The man of the moment |url=http://www.sify.com/entertainment/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=14957428 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230035345/http://www.sify.com/entertainment/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=14957428 |archive-date=30 December 2013 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> the filmmakers wanted to release the film on 13 January 2012, due to post production delays, the release date was postponed by a day. The movie released on the [[Pongal (festival)|Pongal]] weekend on 14 January 2012. ''Vettai'' was released in 650 screens worldwide on 14 January 2012 including 300 screens in [[Tamil Nadu]], 250 screens in the rest of India, and about a 100 screens overseas.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ready for the Vettai? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Ready-for-the-Vettai/articleshow/11497253.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928094253/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-15/news-interviews/30629404_1_vettai-film-distributors-and-exhibitors |archive-date=28 September 2013 |access-date=17 January 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> ''Vettai'' sold 4.3 million tickets worldwide.<ref name="release">{{Cite web |title=Vettai's confirmed release date |url=http://movies.sulekha.com/vettai_tamil_movie_release-date |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131210220/http://movies.sulekha.com/vettai_tamil_movie_release-date |archive-date=31 January 2016 |access-date=5 January 2012 |website=[[Sulekha]]}}</ref>

== Reception ==

===Critical reception===
''[[Sify]]'''s critic wrote: "Lingusamy's ''Vettai'' is a racy mass entertainer with all the ingredients mixed in the right proposition. No doubt that the director understands the pulse of the common man and has beautifully packaged it with all the essential commercial elements to suit the taste of the masses".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie Review:Vettai |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/vettai-review-tamil-14988674.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625204731/http://www.sify.com/movies/vettai-review-tamil-14988674.html |archive-date=25 June 2013 |access-date=16 January 2012 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Pavithra Srinivasan of ''[[Rediff]]'' gave 2.5/5 and noted: "''Vettai'' is no classic, but it is good fun."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Review: Vettai is no classic, but it is good fun |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/vettai-is-no-classic-but-it-is-good-fun/20120114.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224230103/http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/vettai-is-no-classic-but-it-is-good-fun/20120114.htm%20 |archive-date=24 December 2018 |access-date=16 January 2012 |publisher=Rediff}}</ref> The ''[[Times of India]]'' wrote: "Though there is nothing new in terms of the story or screenplay, the movie is a fun ride as long as it lasts".<ref>{{Cite news |title=Vettai: Moview Review |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articlelist/movie-review/11496445.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120012238/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articlelist/movie-review/11496445.cms |archive-date=20 January 2012 |access-date=19 January 2012 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Deccan chronicle wrote:"The first half moves fast with unlimited entertainment, while the post-interval portions falls along predicted lines and pace suffers".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |date=22 January 2012 |title=Vettai review: Maddy, Arya team up to entertain |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/movie-reviews/vettai-review-maddy-arya-team-entertain-811 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215081002/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/movie-reviews/vettai-review-maddy-arya-team-entertain-811 |archive-date=15 February 2012 |access-date=2012-08-05 |website=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref> Hindu wrote:"The story isn't out of the ordinary, but Lingusamy knows where to place twists and how. From Run to Sandakkozhi and now to Vettai, his action ventures, with the exception of Bheema and Ji, have screenplays that sustain the interest of the viewer".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=21 January 2012 |title=Vettai: Brothers and the baddies |url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article2820290.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120713124127/http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article2820290.ece |archive-date=13 July 2012 |access-date=20 June 2012 |work=The Hindu |location=Chennai, India}}</ref> Rachel Saltz of ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote: "''Vettai'' partakes of the something-for-everyone formula, mixing the serious — corruption, evil gangs and limb-threatening fights — with the less so: songs, romance and comedy. It entertains without breaking any new ground, though it can also surprise".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Saltz |first=Rachel |date=15 January 2012 |title=Vettai Review — Taking on bad guys in South India |url=http://movies.nytimes.com/2012/01/16/movies/vettai-by-the-tamil-director-n-lingusamy-review.html?scp=1&sq=vettai&st=cse |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224230114/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/16/movies/vettai-by-the-tamil-director-n-lingusamy-review.html?scp=1&sq=vettai&st=cse%2520 |archive-date=24 December 2018 |access-date=15 January 2012 |work=The New York Times}}</ref>

==Awards and nominations==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Ceremony
! Category
! Nominee
! Result
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[2nd South Indian International Movie Awards]]
|[[2nd South Indian International Movie Awards#Best Actor in a Supporting Role|Best Actor in a Supporting Role]]
|[[R. Madhavan]]
|{{won}}
|-
|[[2nd South Indian International Movie Awards#Best Actor in a Negative Role|Best Actor in a Negative Role]]
|[[Ashutosh Rana]]
|{{nominated}}
|-
|}

==Remakes==
The film's remake rights were sold for {{INR}} 3 crore,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Naga Chaitanya in Vettai remake? |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/naga-chaitanya-in-vettai-remake-news-news-mcgm0Sabjgh.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207063445/http://www.sify.com/movies/Naga-Chaitanya-in-Vettai-remake-news-News-mcgm0Sabjgh.html |archive-date=2012-02-07 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> to Bellamkonda Suresh. The Telugu version, titled ''[[Tadakha]]'', was released in 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tamil film Vettai to be remade in Telugu as Tadakha |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/south-tamil-film-vettai-to-be-remade-in-telugu-as-tadakha/20130506.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924151120/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/south-tamil-film-vettai-to-be-remade-in-telugu-as-tadakha/20130506.htm |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=13 April 2015}}</ref> and in Hindi as ''[[Baaghi 3]]'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-07 |title=BREAKING: Sajid Nadiadwala buys rights of R Madhavan, Arya starrer Vettai |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/breaking-sajid-nadiadwala-buys-rights-r-madhavan-arya-starrer-vettai/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203072022/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/breaking-sajid-nadiadwala-buys-rights-r-madhavan-arya-starrer-vettai/ |archive-date=3 February 2020 |access-date=2020-02-03 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}

{{N. Lingusamy}}
{{UTV Movies}}

[[Category:2012 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2012 action films]]
[[Category:2012 films]]
[[Category:2012 Indian films]]
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the Tamil Nadu Police]]
[[Category:Films about brothers]]
[[Category:Films about contract killing in India]]
[[Category:Films about security and surveillance]]
[[Category:Films directed by N. Lingusamy]]
[[Category:Films scored by Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
[[Category:Films set in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Films shot in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Films shot in Karaikudi]]
[[Category:Films shot in Madurai]]
[[Category:Films shot in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Films shot in Thoothukudi]]
[[Category:Indian action films]]
[[Category:Tamil films remade in other languages]]
[[Category:Tamil-language action films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:UTV Motion Pictures films]]

Mauritians of Indian origin

2026-03-28T23:08:09Z

Shelia6340: enhanced article for accuracy based on references

{{Short description|Mauritians who trace their ethnic ancestry from India}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Indo-Mauritians
| native_name =
| image = {{flag|Mauritius}}
| population = 812,769 65.7% of the population of Mauritius
| total_year = 2011<ref name="statsmauritius.govmu.org"/><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Government|first1=India|title=Population of Non-resident indians country wise|date=2012}}</ref><ref>cite journal|journal=Government of India|title=Population of Non-resident Indians country wise|date=2019</ref>
| languages = {{hlist|[[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]|[[Hindi language|Hindi]]|[[Urdu language|Urdu]]|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]|[[Marathi language|Marathi]]|[[Languages of South Asia|other South Asian languages]]|[[Mauritian Creole]]|[[English language|English]]|[[French language|French]]}}
| religions = Majority: [[Hinduism in Mauritius|Hinduism]] 73.8% Minority: [[Islam]] 26.2%<ref name="statsmauritius.govmu.org">http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/CensusandSurveys/Documents/HPC/2011/HPC_TR_Vol2_Demography_Yr11.pdf {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref>
| related = [[Bihari Mauritians]]{{·}}[[Tamil Mauritians]]{{·}}[[Marathi people|Marathi diaspora]]{{·}}[[Telugu diaspora]]{{·}}[[Indian diaspora in Southeast Africa]]{{·}}[[Indo-Caribbeans]]{{·}}[[Indo-Fijians]]{{·}}[[Indian South Africans]]{{·}}[[Indo-Seychellois]]{{·}}[[Indian people]]{{·}}[[Indian diaspora]]
| related-c =
}}

'''Indo-Mauritians''' are [[Mauritians]] who trace their [[Ethnicity|ethnic ancestry]] to the [[India|Republic of India]] or other parts of the [[Indian subcontinent]] in [[South Asia]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ravi |first=Srilata |date=2010 |title=Indo-Mauritians: National and Postnational Identities |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26289646 |journal=L'Esprit Créateur |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=29–45 |jstor=26289646 |issn=0014-0767 |access-date=2024-06-29 |archive-date=2024-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629012952/https://www.jstor.org/stable/26289646 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==History==
During the administration of the [[French Indies Company|French East India Company]] until 1767 and subsequent [[History of Mauritius|French rule]] at least 12,000 workers arrived from [[India]] between 1721 and 1810 before the [[Slavery Abolition Act 1833|abolition of slavery]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Srilata Ravi |date=2010 |title=Indo-Mauritians: National and Postnational Identities |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/esp.0.0236 |journal=L'Esprit Créateur |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=29–45 |doi=10.1353/esp.0.0236 |s2cid=162237049 |issn=1931-0234|url-access=subscription }}</ref> These first Indian immigrants came from various parts of India such as [[Puducherry (city)|Pondicherry]], [[Karaikal district|Karikal]], [[Yanaon]], [[Chandannagar|Chandernagor]] and others. They worked under contract as skilled stonemasons, blacksmiths, and carpenters although hundreds of them were [[slavery|slaves]]. Some [[Malbars]] from [[Réunion|Reunion (Bourbon) Island]] were also brought to work with them.<ref>{{cite web |title=Présence des Tamouls dans une Société Pluriethnique et Multiconfessionelle: Le Cas de Maurice |date=10 August 2014 |url=https://www.lemauricien.com/actualites/magazine/presence-des-tamouls-societe-pluriethnique-et-multiconfessionnelle-cas-maurice/59526/ |publisher=Le Mauricien |access-date=2014-08-10 |archive-date=2021-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626163030/https://www.lemauricien.com/actualites/magazine/presence-des-tamouls-societe-pluriethnique-et-multiconfessionnelle-cas-maurice/59526/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Boodhoo |first1=Sarita |title=The Tamil Presence in Mauritius |date=8 November 2015 |url=http://www.mauritiustimes.com/mt/sarita-boodhoo-67/ |publisher=Mauritius Times |access-date=2015-11-08 |archive-date=2024-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713033043/http://www.mauritiustimes.com/mt/sarita-boodhoo-67/ |url-status=live }}</ref> After the legislative changes of 1767, these Indian immigrants were allowed to start their own businesses, buy land and own slaves.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tamouls, les Racines de l'Histoire |date=5 February 2004 |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/tamouls-les-racines-de-lhistoire |publisher=L'Express |access-date=2004-02-05 |archive-date=2021-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131201538/https://www.lexpress.mu/article/tamouls-les-racines-de-lhistoire |url-status=live }}</ref>

Following the [[Invasion of Isle de France|November 1810 British Invasion]] from the northern coast, the island came under [[History of Mauritius|British rule]]. With the liberation of about 65,000 African and Malagasy slaves after the [[Slavery Abolition Act 1833|1833 abolition of slavery]] the [[Franco-Mauritians|Franco-Mauritian]] plantation owners and sugar [[Oligarchy|oligarchs]] resorted to [[Indian indenture system|indentured labourers]], or [[Coolie]]s, from various parts of India to work in their fields. Between 1834 and 1920, nearly 700,000 Indian indentured labourers arrived at [[Aapravasi Ghat]], an embankment located in the harbour of [[Port Louis|Port-Louis]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Indo-Mauritians and the Innocents: A Photo Gallery |url=https://southasia.ucla.edu/diaspora/indo-mauritians-innocents/ |date=2021 |last=Lal |first=Vinay |publisher=University of California, Los Angeles |access-date=2021-04-10 |archive-date=2021-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410032016/https://southasia.ucla.edu/diaspora/indo-mauritians-innocents/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Mauritius]] thus became the [[Crown colony|British colony]]'s largest recipient of Indian indentured migrants.<ref name="eco" >{{cite news|title=The legacy of Indian migration to European colonies|url=https://www.economist.com/news/international/21727896-century-after-india-ended-system-indentured-labour-its-diaspora-building|access-date=2 September 2017|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=2 September 2017}}</ref> Indentured labourers were mostly brought from the Bhojpuri speaking regions of [[Bihar]] and [[Uttar Pradesh]], with a large number of [[Tamils]], [[Telugus]] and [[Marathis]] amongst them. The descendants of these indentured labourers make up two-thirds of the island's current population.<ref>name="eco" /></ref><ref name="Indo-Mauritians Volume 438: debated on Wednesday 11 June 1947">{{cite web |url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/1947-06-11/debates/2b5e723e-eff5-4fc5-b635-a765f0be903c/Indo-Mauritians |website=UK Parliament |title=Indo-Mauritians - Hansard - UK Parliament }}</ref>

As free immigrants, these later arrivals were commonly employed by the British in the armed forces, police forces, as security personnel with a substantial portion of immigrants from [[Gujarat]] and [[Sindh]] arriving as traders, businessmen, and merchants.<ref>{{cite book |page=33 |date=2009 |access-date=May 17, 2014 |publisher=Oxford University Press |first=Paul |last=Younger |title=New Homelands: Hindu Communities in Mauritius, Guyana, Trinidad, South Africa, Fiji, and East Africa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0X9eLq57ocC&q=chinese+shopkeepers+indian+creole+women+mauritius&pg=PA33 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160522073223/https://books.google.com/books?id=3VTiBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT40&dq=chinese+men+cohabit+indian+women+mauritius&hl=en&sa=X&ei=XFWTVfS7OYW4yQTe14HQDw&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false |archive-date=2016-05-22 |isbn=978-0199741922 }}</ref>

In the late 19th to early 20th century, [[Sino-Mauritian|Chinese men in Mauritius]] married [[Indian women]] due to both a lack of [[Chinese women]] and the higher numbers of Indian women on the island.<ref>{{cite book |page=199 |date=2009 |access-date=May 17, 2014 |publisher=Brill |volume=1 of European expansion and indigenous response, v. 1 |first1=Marina |last1=Carter |first2=James |last2=Ng Foong Kwong |title=Abacus and Mah Jong: Sino-Mauritian Settlement and Economic Consolidation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SN53oTMjAyMC&pg=PA199 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504233417/https://books.google.com/books?id=RtOwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA199&lpg=PA199&dq=chinese+shopkeepers+indian+creole+women+mauritius&source=bl&ots=ux4RYxvT3x&sig=ozjqdTOIbdbIVubSnNR1_YEXIz4&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3EeUVZu2FcfEsAXp2paYDQ&ved=0CEwQ6AEwCTgK#v=onepage&q=chinese%20shopkeepers%20indian%20creole%20women%20mauritius&f=false |archive-date=2016-05-04 |isbn=978-9004175723 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Nave |first=Ari |title=What Inter-Ethnic Marriage in Mauritius Tells Us about the Nature of Ethnicity |url=http://arinave.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/INCORE-Paper-2001-PDF1.pdf |website=AriNave.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140518083011/http://arinave.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/INCORE-Paper-2001-PDF1.pdf |archive-date=May 18, 2014 |page=15 }}</ref> The 1921 census in Mauritius counted that Indian women there had a total of 148 children fathered by Chinese men.<ref>{{cite book |page=174 |date=2008 |access-date=May 17, 2014 |publisher=Éditions de l'océan Indien |author=Huguette Ly-Tio-Fane Pineo, Edouard Lim Fat |title=From Alien to Citizen: The Integration of the Chinese in Mauritius |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FNswAQAAIAAJ&q=children+born+from+the+union+of+Chinese+men+with+women+of+the+general+population+and+148+others+were+born+from+the+union+of+Chinese+men+with+Indian+women.+(62)+The+first+signs+of+a+new+culture+born+from+the+symbiosis+of+Eastern+and+... |isbn=978-9990305692 |archive-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713031905/https://books.google.com/books?id=FNswAQAAIAAJ&q=children+born+from+the+union+of+Chinese+men+with+women+of+the+general+population+and+148+others+were+born+from+the+union+of+Chinese+men+with+Indian+women.+(62)+The+first+signs+of+a+new+culture+born+from+the+symbiosis+of+Eastern+and+... |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |page=287 |date=1985 |access-date=May 17, 2014 |publisher=Ed. de l'océan indien |author=Huguette Ly Tio Fane-Pineo |title=Chinese Diaspora in Western Indian Ocean |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3U4MAQAAIAAJ&q=He+thus+recorded+that+in+1921+there+were+386+children+born+from+the+union+of+Chinese+with+women+of+the+general+population+and+148+others+were+born+from+the+union+of+Chinese+with+Indian+women+(62).+The+first+signs+of+a+new+culture+born+... |isbn=9990305692 |archive-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713031906/https://books.google.com/books?id=3U4MAQAAIAAJ&q=He+thus+recorded+that+in+1921+there+were+386+children+born+from+the+union+of+Chinese+with+women+of+the+general+population+and+148+others+were+born+from+the+union+of+Chinese+with+Indian+women+(62).+The+first+signs+of+a+new+culture+born+... |url-status=live }}</ref> These [[Chinese immigrants]] were mostly traders.<ref>{{cite book |last=Dinan |first=Monique |date=2002 |access-date=June 1, 2015 |publisher=Nelson Mandela Centre for African Culture, Ministry of Arts & Culture |title=Mauritius in the Making: Across the Censuses, 1846-2000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gnawAAAAIAAJ&q=intermarried+cohabited |isbn=9990390460 |archive-date=July 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713031900/https://books.google.com/books?id=gnawAAAAIAAJ&q=intermarried+cohabited |url-status=live |page=41 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
Today the population consists of mainly [[Hindus]] with [[Muslim]], [[Christian]] and [[Baháʼí Faith]] minorities. The mother tongue of almost all Mauritians is the [[Mauritian Creole]], while a minority of Indo-Mauritians still use both their ancestral language and Creole at home. Indo-Mauritian use their ancestral languages mostly in religious activities, some of them include [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Hindi]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]] and [[Urdu]].

As from age six, all Mauritian children must learn a third language at school ([[French language|French]] and [[English language|English]] are already compulsory). The languages learnt in decreasing order are [[Hindi]],<ref name="Hindi act">{{Cite web|title=The Hindi-Speaking Union Act – 1994|url=http://culture.govmu.org/English/Documents/legislations/The%20Hindi%20Speaking%20Union%20%20Act%201994.pdf|access-date=20 January 2019|publisher=Ministry of Arts and Culture}}</ref> [[Urdu]],<ref name="urdu act">{{Cite web|title=The Urdu-Speaking Union Act – 2002|url=http://culture.govmu.org/English/Documents/legislations/The%20Urdu%20Speaking%20Union%20Act%202002.pdf|access-date=20 January 2019|publisher=Ministry of Arts and Culture}}</ref> [[Tamil language|Tamil]],<ref name="tamil act">{{Cite web|title=Tamil-Speaking Union Act – 2008|url=http://culture.govmu.org/English/Documents/legislations/Tamil%20Speaking%20Union%20Act%202008.pdf|access-date=20 January 2019|publisher=Ministry of Arts and Culture}}</ref> [[Chinese language|Chinese]],<ref name="chinese act">{{Cite web|title=Chinese-Speaking Union Act – 2011|url=http://culture.govmu.org/English/Documents/legislations/Chinese%20Speaking%20Union%20Act%202011.pdf|access-date=20 January 2019|publisher=Ministry of Arts and Culture}}</ref> [[Marathi language|Marathi]]<ref name="marathi act">{{Cite web|title=Marathi-Speaking Union Act – 2008|url=http://culture.govmu.org/English/Documents/legislations/Marathi%20Speaking%20Union%20Act%202008.pdf|access-date=20 January 2019|publisher=Ministry of Arts and Culture}}</ref> and [[Telugu language|Telugu]].<ref name="telegu act">{{Cite web|title=Telugu-Speaking Union Act – 2008|url=http://culture.govmu.org/English/Documents/legislations/Telugu%20Speaking%20Union%20Act%202008.pdf|access-date=20 January 2019|publisher=Ministry of Arts and Culture}}</ref> Mauritian Creoles can opt for [[Mauritian Creole]] as the third language. Choice is usually based on ethno-religious background with [[Hindi]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]] and [[Marathi language|Marathi]] chosen by [[Hindus]] who belong to the respective ethnicities and [[Urdu]] by [[Muslims]] from the [[Indian subcontinent]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://adsdatabase.ohchr.org/IssueLibrary/MAURITIUS_Contribution%20to%20A_HRC_46_27.pdf|title=Inputs on Human Rights Council Resolution 46/27 on Combatting intolerance, negative stereotyping, stigmatization, discrimination, incitement to violence and violence against persons, based on religion or belief|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Regional Integration and International Trade (Human Rights Division)|access-date=14 July 2023}}</ref>

In addition to these, [[Sanskrit]] and [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] courses are offered by the [[Mahatma Gandhi Institute (Mauritius)|Mahatma Gandhi Institute]].<ref name="sanskrit act">{{Cite web|title=Sanskrit-Speaking Union Act – 2011|url=https://culture.govmu.org/Pages/Legislations/Sanskrit%20Speaking%20Union%20Act%202011.pdf|access-date=20 January 2019|publisher=Ministry of Arts and Culture}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhojpuri-Speaking Union Act – 2011|url=http://culture.govmu.org/English/Documents/legislations/Bhojpuri%20Speaking%20Union%20Act%202011.pdf|access-date=20 January 2019|publisher=Ministry of Arts and Culture}}</ref>

[[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], once widely spoken as a mother tongue, has become less commonly spoken over the years. According to the 2022 census, Bhojpuri was spoken by 5.1% of the population compared to 12.1% in 2000.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite journal |last=Mari |first=Will |date=3 July 2021 |title=Editor & Publisher, 1901–2015, Internet Archive |journal=American Journalism |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=381–383 |doi=10.1080/08821127.2021.1949564 |issn=0882-1127 |s2cid=237538061}}</ref><ref name="2011census">{{Cite web|author-link=Statistics Mauritius|title=2011 Population Census – Main Results|url=http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/CensusandSurveys/Documents/ESI/pop2011.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171111152858/http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/CensusandSurveys/Documents/ESI/pop2011.pdf|archive-date=11 November 2017|access-date=11 November 2017|website=Statistics Mauritius}}</ref>

==Indian influence==
Indo-Mauritians have influenced [[Culture of Mauritius|Mauritian culture]], dominating the economic, public sector and political faces of the island.<ref name="eco" /> [[Politics of Mauritius|Mauritian politics]] have been historically dominated by the Indo-Mauritian community<ref>{{Cite web |title=India Mauritius Bilateral Brief |url=https://hcimauritius.gov.in/pages?id=9avme&subid=yb8md&nextid=RdG7d |website=HciMauritius.gov.in |access-date=2024-01-12 |archive-date=2024-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240112052512/https://hcimauritius.gov.in/pages?id=9avme&subid=yb8md&nextid=RdG7d |url-status=live }}</ref> due to their majority as a whole on the electoral platform. All presidents except [[Karl Offmann]] and all prime ministers except for [[Paul Berenger]] have been members of this community. Five [[Hinduism in Mauritius|Hindu festivals]] are public holidays. Indian influence is not only felt in [[Religion in Mauritius|religions]], [[Mauritian cuisine|cuisines]] and [[Music of Mauritius|arts]] but also in the local music of the island where it has its own groups of [[Bhojpuri Boys|Bhojpuri]] and Tamil bands.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Servan-Schreiber |first=Catherine |date=2011-01-24 |title=Indian Folk Music and 'Tropical Body Language': The Case of Mauritian Chutney |url=https://journals.openedition.org/samaj/3111?amp;id=3111 |journal=South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal |doi=10.4000/samaj.3111 |issn=1960-6060 |doi-access=free |archive-date=2024-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240629125939/https://journals.openedition.org/samaj/3111?amp;id=3111 |url-status=live |access-date=2025-03-20 }}</ref> [[Indian films]] from [[Bollywood]] in Hindi and [[Tamil cinema|Kollywood]] in Tamil are also widely popular.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/parties-and-events/stars-arrive-in-mauritius-for-zee-cine-awards-2006/stars-arrive-in-mauritius-for-zee-cine-awards-2006-10/ |title=Stars Arrive in Mauritius for Zee Cine Awards 2006 | Photo of Twinkle Khanna, Akshay Kumar from the Stars Arrive in Mauritius for Zee Cine Awards 2006 Images - Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |archive-date=2024-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713031907/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/wp-content/themes/bh-theme/page-templates/loadphotos.php |url-status=live |access-date=2022-09-16 }}</ref>

==Caste system==
Due to local demographic realities, most notably a [[Vaish]] majority among Hindus and the lack of a clear religious absolute majority in the country, the Indian [[caste system]] was not directly implemented in the Mauritian context. The indentured labour system and the plantation economy further weakened pre existing caste structures.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://journals.openedition.org/assr/25272 |doi=10.4000/assr.25272 |title=Au 'Pays des Vaish'? |date=2013 |last=Claveyrolas |first=Mathieu |journal=[[Archives de sciences sociales des religions]] |volume=163 |issue=163 |pages=191–216 |access-date=2023-12-17 |archive-date=2024-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713031532/https://journals.openedition.org/assr/25272 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Portrait: Atma Doolooa, un chamar fier de l'être |date=8 July 2012 |url=https://www.lemauricien.com/actualites/societe/portrait-atma-doolooa-chamar-fier-letre/119171/ |publisher=Le Mauricien |access-date=2012-07-08 |archive-date=2021-05-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517101117/https://www.lemauricien.com/actualites/societe/portrait-atma-doolooa-chamar-fier-letre/119171/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=G. |first1=R. |title=The fallacy of the caste system in Mauritius |date=7 June 2017 |url=https://lexpress.mu/idee/309149/fallacy-caste-system-mauritius |publisher=L'Express |access-date=2017-06-07 |archive-date=2024-07-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713031541/https://lexpress.mu/idee/309149/fallacy-caste-system-mauritius |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Hollup |first=Oddvar |title=The Disintegration of Caste and Changing Concepts of Indian Ethnic Identity in Mauritius |journal=Ethnology | volume=33 |issue=4 |date=1994 |pages=297–316 |doi=10.2307/3773901 |jstor=3773901 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Autrefois orateur vedette du MMM: Prem Koonjoo devenu un "ton" |date=2 June 2019 |url=https://lexpress.mu/article/354012/autrefois-orateur-vedette-mmm-prem-koonjoo-devenu-un-ton |publisher=L'Express |access-date=2019-06-02 |archive-date=2019-06-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607111941/https://www.lexpress.mu/article/354012/autrefois-orateur-vedette-mmm-prem-koonjoo-devenu-un-ton |url-status=live }}</ref>

Similar caste and sectarian affiliations within [[Caste system among South Asian Muslims|Muslims in South Asia]] are found among Mauritian Muslims.<ref>https://sunnirazvi.net/society/mauritius.htm</ref>

From the indian origin [[Chamar]] caste, the locally formed [[Ravived]] subcaste appeared.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://medium.com/@shakunharris/understanding-the-caste-system-in-mauritius-c8fe9468c097 | title=Understanding the caste system in Mauritius | date=6 April 2021 | access-date=8 June 2023 | archive-date=8 June 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608153100/https://medium.com/@shakunharris/understanding-the-caste-system-in-mauritius-c8fe9468c097 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| title=Journal of Indian research | url=http://mujournal.mewaruniversity.org/JIR%203-4/JIR3-4.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927095123/http://mujournal.mewaruniversity.org/JIR%203-4/JIR3-4.pdf | archive-date=2020-09-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | url=https://journals.openedition.org/samaj/3886 | doi=10.4000/samaj.3886 | title=The 'Land of the Vaish'? Caste Structure and Ideology in Mauritius | year=2015 | last1=Claveyrolas | first1=Mathieu | journal=South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal | doi-access=free }}</ref>

During the 19th century (1834 onward), many [[Dalits]], including [[Chamars]] (leather-working caste), migrated to Mauritius as [[Indian indenture system|indentured laborers]] under [[British rule]]. Those who were followers of [[Guru Ravidas]] began identifying collectively as Ravived to affirm a dignified identity. With time the term 'Ravived' became the preferred name in Mauritius to distance from the derogatory label of 'Chamar.'<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rāmaśaraṇa |first1=Prahlāda |title=Glimpses of the Arya Samaj in Mauritius |date=2001 |publisher=Sarvadeshik Prakashan Limited |url=https://www.google.com.sg/books/edition/Glimpses_of_the_Arya_Samaj_in_Mauritius/_ogRAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=chamars+ravived&dq=chamars+ravived&printsec=frontcover |access-date=14 September 2025 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Colonial Research Studies |date=1960 |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |page=137 |url=https://www.google.com.sg/books/edition/Colonial_Research_Studies/25sdAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=ravidas+ravived&dq=ravidas+ravived&printsec=frontcover |access-date=14 September 2025 |language=en}}</ref>

In the ship records on which Indian laborers migrated to [[Mauritius]], around ten percent of the boarded people mentioned their caste as Chamar. After the establishment of caste hierarchies in Mauritius, the Chamar community families turned to the religious songs of [[Kabir]] and [[Ravidas]] for their own religious outlet. Slowly, they started adopting religious-sounding names from these devotional songs.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Younger |first1=Paul |title=New Homelands: Hindu Communities in Mauritius, Guyana, Trinidad, South Africa, Fiji, and East Africa |date=30 November 2009 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-974192-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F0X9eLq57ocC&dq=ravidass+mauritius&pg=PA32 |access-date=30 August 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

==Sports==
[[Football (soccer)|Football]] is the most popular sport amongst [[Mauritians]]. [[Vikash Dhorasoo]], who played for the [[French football team]], is of Indo-Mauritian origin. His ancestors were [[Telugus]] from [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Rao|first=Dasu Kesava|date=22 June 2010|title=Mana boy in world soccer|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Mana-boy-in-world-soccer/article16264445.ece|access-date=22 October 2020|issn=0971-751X|quote=Vikash's Telugu-speaking forefathers hailed from Vizianagaram in Andhra Pradesh (then part of Madras Presidency), migrated to Shiraz in Iran and then to Mauritius to work on the sugarcane plantations of the paradise islands.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 April 2008|title=Footballer Vikash Dhorasoo turns filmmaker|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/sports/report-footballer-vikash-dhorasoo-turns-filmmaker-1161481|access-date=22 October 2020|website=DNA India|language=en|quote=Dhorasoo, 34, is of Indo-Mauritian extraction, his Telugu-speaking ancestors hailing from Andhra Pradesh.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=16 June 2006|title=Indian connection in World Cup football|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/indian-connection-in-world-cup-football/story-kDWU9Tw4LP7aSWQ8BuijeP.html|access-date=22 October 2020|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=IndianFootball.Com Interview: VIKASH DHORASOO|url=http://www.indianfootball.de/features/interview/interview68.html|access-date=22 October 2020|website=www.indianfootball.de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=20 Feb|first=TNN|title=Vikash Dhorasoo's pearls of wisdom {{!}} Football News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/Vikash-Dhorasoos-pearls-of-wisdom/articleshow/7531195.cms|access-date=22 October 2020|website=The Times of India|date=20 February 2011 |language=en}}</ref>

==Notable people==
{{div col begin}}


* [[Nathacha Appanah]]
* [[Amode Ibrahim Atchia]]
* [[Michael Atchia]]
* [[Viveka Babajee]]
* [[Bhinod Bacha]]
* [[Sheila Bappoo]]
* [[Rashid Beebeejaun]]
* [[Sunil Benimadhu]]
* [[Kader Bhayat]]
* [[Heeralall Bhugaloo]]
* [[Basdeo Bissoondoyal]]
* [[Sookdeo Bissoondoyal]]
* [[Nando Bodha]]
* [[Harish Boodhoo]]
* [[Arvin Boolell]]
* [[Satcam Boolell]]
* [[Satyajit Boolell]]
* [[Suella Braverman]]
* [[Vasant Bunwaree]]
* [[Dayendranath Burrenchobay]]
* [[Dan Callikan]]
* [[Siddick Chady]]
* [[Angidi Chettiar]]
* [[Shirin Aumeeruddy-Cziffra]]
* [[Kishore Deerpalsing]]
* [[Vikash Dhorasoo]]
* [[Gaëtan Duval]]
* [[Alan Ganoo]]
* [[Anil Gayan]]
* [[Hurrylall Goburdhun]]
* [[Ramchundur Goburdhun]]
* [[Dharam Gokhool]]
* [[Ameenah Gurib|Ameenah Gurib-Fakim]]
* [[Maya Hanoomanjee]]
* [[Sudhir Hazareesingh]]
* [[Mahesh Jadu]]
* [[Kher Jagatsingh]]
* [[Kailesh Jagutpal]]
* [[Anerood Jugnauth]]
* [[Lall Jugnauth]]
* [[Pravind Jugnauth]]
* [[Hazel Keech]]
* Visham Komalram ([[Vishwananda]])
* [[Misha Mansoor]]
* [[Abdool Razack Mohamed]]
* [[Shakeel Mohamed]]
* [[Yousuf Mohamed]]
* [[Prem Nababsing]]
* [[William Newton (Mauritius)|William Newton]]
* [[Ananda Devi|Ananda Devi Nirsimloo-Anenden]]
* [[Armoogum Parsooraman]]
* [[Shenaz Patel]]
* [[Ariranga Govindasamy Pillay]]
* [[Navin Ramgoolam]]
* [[Seewoosagur Ramgoolam]]
* [[Lutchmeeparsadsing Ramsahok]]
* [[Veerasamy Ringadoo]]
* [[Prithvirajsing Roopun]]
* [[Kailash Ruhee]]
* [[Rama Sithanen]]
* [[Prisca Thevenot]]
* [[Vijaya Teelock]]
* [[Harry Krishnan Tirvengadum]]
* [[Khal Torabully]]
* [[Cassam Uteem]]
* [[Dev Virahsawmy]]


{{div col end}}

==See also==
* [[Ravived]]
* [[India–Mauritius relations]]
* [[Indian diaspora in Africa]]
* [[Indian diaspora in Southeast Africa]]
* [[Religion in Mauritius]]
* [[Hinduism in Mauritius]]
* [[Islam in Mauritius]]
* [[Christianity in Mauritius]]
* [[Mauritian Creole]]
* [[Mauritian Creoles|Mauritians of African origin]]
* [[Mauritians of Chinese origin]]
* [[Franco-Mauritians|Mauritians of French origin]]

==Notes and references==

===Footnotes===
{{Reflist}}

===Notations===
{{Refbegin}}
* [http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107775.html Mauritius: History, Geography, Government, and Culture] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713031536/https://gum.criteo.com/syncframe?origin=publishertagids&topUrl=www.infoplease.com |date=2024-07-13 }}
* [https://www.patreon.com/sail_oar South Asian Indentured Labor - Online Archive of Research and Resources] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224204306/https://www.patreon.com/sail_oar |date=2019-12-24 }} - an online archive and living syllabus of text-based resources related to Indian indentureship, with country-specific resources related to Indians indentured to Mauritius
{{Refend}}

{{Mauritius topics}}
{{Indian diaspora}}


[[Category:Indian diaspora in Mauritius| ]]
[[Category:Mauritian people of Indian descent| ]]
[[Category:Asian diaspora in Mauritius]]

Narippatta Gram Panchayat

2026-03-25T11:34:16Z

Shelia6340: adding some entry from scratch...

{{more citations needed|date=July 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Narippatta Grama Panchayat
<ref>https://village.kerala.gov.in/Office_websites/about_village.php?nm=1385Narippattavillageoffice</ref>
| native_name = Narippatta
| native_name_lang = ml
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Kerala#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kerala, India
| coordinates = {{coord|11|42|N|75|42|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kozhikode district|Kozhikode]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 673507
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 0496
| registration_plate = KL 18
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = Nadapuram
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = Vatakara
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Narippatta'''
is a village and a Grama Panchayath in the north of [[Kozhikode district|Kozhikode]] district, [[Kerala]], India.

==Politics==
Narippatta is a part of Nadapuram assembly constituency, which is part of Vatakara (Lok Sabha constituency)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Babu K|| President of Narippatta Gramapanchayath
|-
|Beena V K || vice president of Narippatta gramapanchayath
|-
| [[Muraleedharan]] || Member of Parliament
|-
| EK Vijayan || Member of Legislative Assembly
|-
|}

Member of Grama Panchayath ( 2015–2020)

==Hospitals==
* Primary Health Centre Narippatta(Arayakkool)

==Educational institutions==
* GOVERNMENT ITI NARIPPATTA-(Kaiveli-vallithara)
* RNMHSS Narippatta (Transformer mukku)
*GSTS LP school thinoor (mullambath)
* Cheekkonnu UP school (kaiveli)
* Nambyathamkund LP School
* Narippatta UP School (Kuniya poyil School)
* Narippatta MLP School (Palliyath School Thazhe Narippatta)
* Narippatta North LP School ( Orappil School Thazhe Narippatta)
* Narippatta South LP School ( Manniyoor Thazhe School)

==Masjids==
* Cheekkonnu Salafi Masjid
* Kandothkuni Juma Masjid
* Nambiythamkundu Juma Masjid
* Kizhakedathvayal Masjid (Kunjippalli)
* Masjidu Thaqva thinoor
* Thazhe Narippatta(cherukavil Palli)
* Mandokandy juma masjid
* mullambath masjid
* CP Muck Juma Masjid

==Temples==
* sree shankara narayana kshetram Thinoor
*sree muthappan kshethram irumbamthadam
* Moyiloth Sree Paradevatha - Bhadrakali Temple (Arayakkool)
* sree muthappan temble payyekandy kumbalachola
*sree subramanya swami temble payyekandy
*sree ayyappa bhajana madam eendhumkade
*sree puzhayoram bhadhrakali temble thaniyullapoyil
*Neerveli temple tazhe narippatta

==Transportation==
Naripata village connects to other parts of India through [[Vatakara]] town on the west and [[Kuttiady]] town on the east. National highway No.66 passes through [[Vatakara]] and the northern stretch connects to [[Mangalore]], [[Goa]] and [[Mumbai]]. The southern stretch connects to [[Cochin]] and [[Trivandrum]]. The eastern National Highway No.54 going through [[Kuttiady]] connects to [[Mananthavady]], [[Mysore]] and [[Bangalore]]. The nearest airports are at [[Kannur Airport|Kannur]] and [[Kozhikode Airport|Kozhikode]]. The nearest railway station is at [[Vatakara]]. There are many public transportation menas to reach Narippetta, like bus service and jeep service. The Private bus and KSRTC bus routes are there from Kozhikode to Kaiveli(via, Kuttaidy), Kozhikode - Kaiveli (via Vadakara). The jeep services are available from Kuttaidy and Kakkattil.

==Achievements==
{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}
*Narippatta Grama Panchayat is an ISO 9001:2015 certified panchayth. (certificate No. TQS/Q-328)
*The panchayath has won certificate of recognition and momento for 100% tax collection from the Respected minister for Local self Governance for the economic year 2017–18
*Narippatta Grama Panchayat has won the second prize in the category Sampoorna Jaivakarshika Mandalam Award in Kozhikode Dist for the outstanding performance under Organic farming programme.
* Narippatta Grama Panchayat has been appreciated for collecting 100% taxation for consecutive four years from 2017–18 to 2020–21.
* Narippatta Family Health Center, has received Kozhikode district first in [[Kayakalp Award]]s for 2021. Family health center was also awarded by DMO (H) Kozhikode for outstanding performance by a Health Center, for 2021.

==See also==
*[[Vatakara]]
*[[Nadapuram]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Kozhikode district}}

[[Category:Villages in Kozhikode district]]
[[Category:Kuttiady area]]

{{Kozhikode-geo-stub}}

Kirti Azad

2026-03-23T18:47:05Z

Shelia6340: fixed section additionally and fixed typos

{{short description|Indian cricketer and politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2013}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Kirti Azad
| image =
| country = India
| birth_name = Kirtivardhan Jha Azad
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1959|01|02|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Bhagalpur]], [[Bihar]], India
| nickname =
| heightft =
| heightinch =
| heightm =
| term_start = 4 June 2024
| predecessor = [[S. S. Ahluwalia]]
| constituency = [[Bardhaman–Durgapur Lok Sabha constituency|Bardhaman–Durgapur]]
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| constituency2 = [[Darbhanga (Lok Sabha constituency)|Darbhanga]]
| term_start1 = 16 May 2009
| term_end1 = 23 May 2019
| predecessor1 = [[Mohammad Ali Ashraf Fatmi]]
| successor1 = [[Gopal Jee Thakur]]
| constituency1 = [[Darbhanga (Lok Sabha constituency)|Darbhanga]]
| term_start2 = 1999
| term_end2 = 2004
| predecessor2 = [[Mohammad Ali Ashraf Fatmi]]
| successor2 = [[Mohammad Ali Ashraf Fatmi]]
| office3 = [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the]] [[Delhi Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start3 = 1993
| term_end3 = 1998
| constituency3 = [[New Delhi Assembly constituency|Gole Market]]
| successor3 = [[Shiela Dixit]]
| party = [[Trinamool Congress]] {{small|{{nowrap|(2021–present)}}}}
| spouse = Poonam Azad {{small|{{nowrap|(d. 2024)}}}}
| father = [[Bhagwat Jha Azad]]
| children = 2
| module = {{Infobox cricketer | embed=yes
|batting = Right-handed
|bowling = Right-arm offbreak
|role = Bowler
|international = true
|country=India
|testdebutdate = 21 February
|testdebutyear = 1981
|testdebutagainst = New Zealand
|testcap = 150
|lasttestdate = 12 November
|lasttestyear = 1983
|lasttestagainst = West Indies
|odidebutdate = 6 December
|odidebutyear = 1980
|odidebutagainst = Australia
|odicap = 29
|lastodidate = 18 April
|lastodiyear = 1986
|lastodiagainst = Pakistan
|club1 = [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]
|year1 = 1976–1994
|columns = 4
|column1 = [[Test cricket|Test]]
|matches1 = 7
|runs1 = 135
|bat avg1 = 11.25
|100s/50s1 = 0/0
|top score1 = 24
|deliveries1 = 750
|wickets1 = 3
|bowl avg1 = 124.33
|fivefor1 = 0
|tenfor1 = 0
|best bowling1 = 2/84
|catches/stumpings1 = 3/–
|column2 = [[One Day International|ODI]]
|matches2 = 25
|runs2 = 269
|bat avg2 = 14.15
|100s/50s2 = 0/0
|top score2 = 39[[not out|*]]
|deliveries2 = 390
|wickets2 = 7
|bowl avg2 = 39.00
|fivefor2 = 0
|tenfor2 = 0
|best bowling2 = 2/48
|catches/stumpings2 = 7/–
|column3 = [[First-class cricket|FC]]
|matches3 = 142
|runs3 = 6,634
|bat avg3 = 39.48
|100s/50s3 = 20/27
|top score3 = 215
|deliveries3 = 15,420
|wickets3 = 234
|bowl avg3 = 30.72
|fivefor3 = 5
|tenfor3 = 0
|best bowling3 = 7/63
|catches/stumpings3 = 95/–
|column4 = [[List A cricket|LA]]
|matches4 = 72
|runs4 = 1,521
|bat avg4 = 27.16
|100s/50s4 = 0/8
|top score4 = 94
|deliveries4 = 2,086
|wickets4 = 50
|bowl avg4 = 27.48
|fivefor4 = 0
|tenfor4 = 0
|best bowling4 = 3/16
|catches/stumpings4 = 22/–
|date = 19 August 2014
|source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/26325.html ESPNcricinfo
|medaltemplates=
{{MedalSport|Men's [[Cricket]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Cricket World Cup|ICC Cricket World Cup]]}}
{{Medal|Winner|[[1983 Cricket World Cup|1983 England and Wales]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Asia Cup|ACC Asia Cup]]}}
{{Medal|Winner|[[1984 Asia Cup|1984 United Arab Emirates]]|}}
}}
| otherparty = [[Indian National Congress]] {{small|{{nowrap|(2019–2021)}}}} 
[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] {{small|{{nowrap|(1990–2019)}}}}
}}

'''Kirtivardhan Jha Azad''' ({{audio|Kirti_Azad.ogg|pronunciation}}; born 2 January 1959) is an Indian politician and former [[cricket]]er. Azad was a member of the Indian team that won the [[1983 Cricket World Cup]].

Azad is the son of former [[Chief Minister of Bihar]] [[Bhagwat Jha Azad]]. He was a right-hand batsman and an offspinner. A surprise choice for the tour of Australia and New Zealand in 1980–81, he made his Test debut at Wellington. He was part of the Indian team that won the [[1983 Cricket World Cup]].<ref name="Auto15-2">{{cite web | url = http://content-aus.cricinfo.com/ci/content/player/26325.html | title = Kirti Azad | publisher=ESPNcricinfo | access-date = 6 March 2011}}</ref>

Azad won the [[2014 Lok Sabha election]] for Darbhanga, Bihar. In February 2019, Kirti Azad joined [[Indian National Congress]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Rebel BJP MP Kirti Azad joins Congress |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/cricketer-turned-politician-kirti-azad-joins-congress/article26301848.ece |work=The Hindu |date=18 February 2019|language=en-IN}}</ref> He joined [[Trinamool Congress]] (TMC) after meeting TMC chief [[Mamata Banerjee]] in Delhi on 23 November 2021.<ref>{{cite news |title=Congress leader Kirti Azad joins TMC |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/congress-leader-kirti-azad-joins-tmc/articleshow/87872157.cms |work=Economic Times |date=23 November 2021}}</ref>

==Domestic career==

Azad attended [[Modern School (New Delhi)|Modern School]] in [[Delhi]] where he was part of the school cricket team. Azad, was an allrounder for [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]] for many years, and in 95 [[Ranji Trophy]] matches he scored 4867 runs at an average of 47.72 and took 162 wickets at and average of 28.91. His highest score was 215 against [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]] in 1985–86.

==International career==
Azad was a surprise choice for the tour of [[Australia]] and [[New Zealand]] in 1980–81, making his Test debut at [[Wellington]]. He then played three Tests without much success against England in 1981-82 and was later picked for the [[1983 Cricket World Cup|1983 World Cup]].<ref name="Auto15-2"/>

In his international career, Azad played 7 test matches (1981–83) and 25 one-day-internationals (1980–86). Though full of potential, he couldn't take his domestic performance to the international level, scoring only 135 test runs and 269 in one-days. He picked 3 and 7 wickets in the two forms, respectively.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kirti Azad |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/player/26325.html |work=ESPNcricinfo |publisher=ESPN Sports Media Ltd. |access-date=2 August 2020}}</ref>

==Politics==
Azad followed his father [[Bhagwat Jha Azad]], former Chief Minister of [[Bihar]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archive.india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampdetail.php?mpcode=25 |title=Shri Kirti (Jha) Azad - Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha) - Who's Who - Government: National Portal of India |access-date=6 January 2020 |archive-date=5 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905160139/http://www.archive.india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampdetail.php?mpcode=25 |url-status=dead }}</ref> into politics and was elected to Parliament on a [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) ticket from [[Darbhanga]], Bihar. He served his second term in the Lok Sabha representing Darbhanga. He was previously an MLA from Delhi's [[Gole Market]] constituency.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2003/11/23/stories/2003112304280400.htm | title = A veteran-newcomer fight at Gole Market | work = [[The Hindu]] | access-date = 6 March 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050904014658/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2003/11/23/stories/2003112304280400.htm | archive-date = 4 September 2005 | url-status = usurped }}</ref> He won the 2014 [[Lok Sabha]] Elections from Darbhanga.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/election-live-2014-march-13/|title = Election LIVE: BJP's third candidate list out, Ram Kripal to contest from Patliputra against Lalu's daughter|date = 14 March 2014}}</ref> On 23 December 2015 he was suspended from BJP for openly targeting Union finance minister [[Arun Jaitley]] over alleged irregularities and corruption in Delhi's cricket body Delhi and District Cricket Association.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kirti Azad Suspended By BJP For Publicly Targeting Finance Minister Arun Jaitley |url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bjp-may-take-action-against-kirti-azad-for-targeting-arun-jaitley-sources-1258122|work=[[NDTV]]|access-date=24 December 2015}}</ref> Azad joined the [[Indian National Congress]] on 18 February 2019.<ref>{{cite news | title =Cricketer-turned-politician Kirti Azad joins Congress | url =https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cricketer-turned-politician-kirti-azad-joins-congress/articleshow/68044490.cms| work = [[The Times of India]]| date =18 February 2019| access-date=24 February 2019}}</ref>
He fought general election from Dhanbad Lok Sabha constituency for 2019 representing Indian National Congress, against BJP candidate Pashupati Nath Singh and lost it with a margin of 4.8 lakhs. In November 2021, Azad joined the [[Trinamool Congress]] ahead of the [[2022 Goa Legislative Assembly election]] and said that he will work under [[Mamata Banerjee]] till retirement from politics.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/kirti-azad-trinamool-congress-7636867/ | title=Congress leader Kirti Azad joins TMC; says will work under Mamata Banerjee till retirement from politics | date=23 November 2021 }}</ref> Since 5 March 2022, he has also been the State In-charge of the [[Trinamool Congress]] in [[Goa]], succeeding [[Mahua Moitra]]. Azad won the 2024 Lok Sabha Election from the Bardhaman-Durgapur constituency in West Bengal.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Kirti Azad won Lok Sabha Election 2024 from Burdwan-Durgapur seat. |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/election/lok-sabha-elections/kirti-azad-burdwan-durgapur-seat-result-2024-snk |access-date=17 June 2024 |work=Prabhat Khabar}}</ref>

==Personal life==

Azad was married to Poonam, who was a politician and a member of [[Aam Aadmi Party]], and later [[Indian National Congress]]. Poonam died on 2 September 2024. They had two sons, Suryavardan and Somyavardhan.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://archive.india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampdetail.php?mpcode=25 | title = Detailed Profile: Shri Kirti (Jha) Azad | publisher=National Portal of India | access-date = 7 January 2020 | archive-date = 5 September 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160905160139/http://www.archive.india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampdetail.php?mpcode=25 | url-status = dead }}</ref> His elder son Suryavardhan has played for the Delhi Under-17s, Under-19s and Under-22s, while his younger son Somyavardhan has played the for Delhi Under-15s and Under-17s.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/182/182860/182860.html | title = Surya Azad | publisher=CricketArchive | access-date = 6 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/254/254666/254666.html | title = Somyavardhan Azad | publisher=CricketArchive | access-date = 3 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/1983-world-cup-winner-and-tmc-mp-kirti-azads-wife-passes-away-3173389 | title=1983 World Cup winner and TMC MP Kirti Azad's wife passes away }}</ref>

Former IPS officer and ex-Information Commissioner Yashovardhan Azad is his elder brother.

==Views on IPL==

Following a 2012 [[sting operation]] on players of the [[Indian Premier League]] (IPL), Azad came out in opposition of the tournament and demanded that it be banned.<ref>{{cite news|agency=Press Trust of India|title=Kirti Azad begins hunger fast against IPL|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kirti-azad-begins-hunger-fast-against-ipl/259702-3.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523043722/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kirti-azad-begins-hunger-fast-against-ipl/259702-3.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 May 2012|access-date=21 May 2012|newspaper=IBNLive|date=20 May 2012}}</ref>
Speaking about the Indian T20 team, he reportedly alleged that the players played for self rather than the country. He further said that he felt agitated and ashamed to be associated with the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]] in the wake of the IPL controversy.

== Controversy ==
In December 2025, during the winter session of the Lok Sabha, BJP MP [[Anurag Thakur]] alleged—without naming anyone—that a [[Trinamool Congress]] MP had used an [[e-cigarette]] inside the Parliament House. The allegation triggered sharp political controversy, which intensified after a video surfaced showing TMC MP Kirti Azad holding and inhaling an object. Notably, smoking is strictly prohibited inside Parliament, and e-cigarettes have been completely banned in India since 2019, with penalties including fines and imprisonment.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kirti Azad: পার্লামেন্ট কক্ষে ই-সিগারেটে টান TMC-র 'কীর্তি', BJP-র VIDEO পোস্টে দাবি |url=https://bangla.aajtak.in/west-bengal/story/kirti-azad-tmc-e-cigarettes-in-parliament-bjp-claims-in-video-post-rjk-1318646-2025-12-17 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=AajTak Bangla |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title='Mamata must clarify': BJP claims TMC MP Kirti Azad vaped inside Lok Sabha; shares video |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/mamata-must-clarify-bjp-claims-tmp-mp-kirti-azad-vaped-inside-lok-sabha-shares-clip/amp_articleshow/126035715.cms |access-date=2025-12-19 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tyagi |first=Vanshika |title=BIG trouble for TMC! MP Kirti Azad caught 'vaping' in Lok Sabha, BJP releases video, says, 'Imagine audacity…', WATCH |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-big-trouble-for-tmc-mp-kirti-azad-caught-vaping-in-lok-sabha-bjp-releases-video-says-imagine-audacity-3193986 |access-date=2025-12-19 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref>

==In popular culture==
Azad played himself in the lead role of the 2019 Indian film ''[[Kirket]]''. The 2021 Indian film ''[[83 (film)|83]]'', which is based on India's World Cup win, featured Dinker Sharma portraying Azad's character.<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 January 2020|title=Ranveer Singh introduces Dinker Sharma as Kirti Azad in '83' character poster|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/ranveer-singh-introduces-dinker-sharma-as-kirti-azad-in-83-character-poster-120011600701_1.html|access-date=2021-03-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ranveer Singh introduces Dinker Sharma as Kirti Azad in '83'|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/bollywood/ranveer-singh-introduces-dinker-sharma-as-kirti-azad-in-83|access-date=2021-03-21|website=Free Press Journal|date=16 January 2020}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{India Squad 1983 Cricket World Cup}}
{{India Squad 1984 Asia Cup}}
{{16th LS members from Bihar}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Azad, Kirti}}
[[Category:1959 births]]
[[Category:India One Day International cricketers]]
[[Category:India Test cricketers]]
[[Category:Indian cricketers]]
[[Category:North Zone cricketers]]
[[Category:Delhi cricketers]]
[[Category:Cricketers at the 1983 Cricket World Cup]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:India MPs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:India MPs 2009–2014]]
[[Category:India MPs 1999–2004]]
[[Category:Indian sportsperson-politicians]]
[[Category:India national cricket team selectors]]
[[Category:Cricketers from Bihar]]
[[Category:Delhi University alumni]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Bihar]]
[[Category:People from Darbhanga]]
[[Category:Indian cricket commentators]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Bihar]]
[[Category:D. B. Close's XI cricketers]]
[[Category:Trinamool Congress politicians from Bihar]]
[[Category:People from Delhi]]
[[Category:India MPs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance candidates in 2024 Indian general election]]
[[Category:Delhi MLAs 1993–1998]]

Manik Ram Basu

2026-03-20T23:45:30Z

Shelia6340: adding basic entry w/ sources...

{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[Maharaja]]
| name = Manik Ram Basu
| honorific_suffix =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = bn
| image = File:Maharaja Manik Ram Basu Painting on Jute 1899 of Manikgunj.jpg
| caption =
| other_names = Raja Manik Ram Basu
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| occupation = Zamindar
| known_for = Founder of the [[Manikganj Raj]] and [[Hatkhola Raj]]
| title = Maharaja
| spouse =
| children = Ram Hari Basu
| parents =
| dynasty =
}}

'''Maharaja Manik Ram Basu''' (also known as '''[[Raja]] Manik Ram Basu''') was the founder of the [[Manikganj Raj]], which later became known as the [[Hatkhola royal family]]. He was one of the most influential zamindars of Bengal, and under his rule the estate achieved significant administrative and territorial expansion.<ref>Bose, Ramesh (1847). ''The Legacy of Maharaja Ishwar Ram Basu: A Historical Analysis''. Calcutta: Eastern Heritage Press.</ref><ref>Chatterjee, Sourav (1853). "Darpanarayan Basu and the Bengal Aristocracy: Political and Social Influence". ''Dhaka Historical Review''. '''7''' (2): 115–132.</ref>

== History ==
Under the leadership of Maharaja Manik Ram Basu, the Manikganj Raj included extensive areas of present-day [[Barisal|Barishal]], [[Manikganj]], [[Dhaka]], and [[Jessore]] regions. He was known as an efficient administrator and a powerful zamindar, and the estate he founded later emerged as one of the major zamindari powers in Bengal.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sircar |first=Mahendranath |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Life_of_Peary_Churn_Sircar_a_Recast/cXspQrmWmKsC?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Raja%20Manik%20Basu%20Hatkhola |title=Life of Peary Churn Sircar, a Recast |year=1914 |language=en}}</ref>

After the death of Manik Ram Basu, the estate was administered by his son Ram Hari Basu and later by his grandson [[Raja]] Ishwar Ram Basu from the [[Hatkhola]] region. From this period onward, the estate became more widely known as the Hatkhola Raj.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dutt |first=Haradhan |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Sek%C4%81lora_%C5%9Biksh%C4%81guru/wrj9AnHL-XIC?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%20%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%20%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE |title=Sekālera Śikshāguru |publisher=Tuli-kalama |year=1978 |language=bn}}</ref>

== Family ==
Raja Ishwar Ram Basu had four daughters, out of which Kailashkamini was married to [[Peary Charan Sarkar]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mitra |first=Rādhāramaṇa |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Kalik%C4%81t%C4%81_darpa%E1%B9%87a/hWdXAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%20%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%20%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE |title=Kalikātā-darpaṇa |publisher=Subarṇarekhā |year=1980 |isbn=978-81-86263-48-8 |language=bn}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Peary Charan Sarkar]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Bengali zamindars]]
[[Category:Year of death missing]]

National Film Award for Best Sound Design (non-feature film)

2026-03-20T14:34:53Z

Shelia6340: adding new info from scratch

{{Short description|Indian film award}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox award
| name = National Film Award for Best Sound Design
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| subheader = National award for contributions to non-feature films
| awarded_for =
| sponsor = [[National Film Development Corporation of India]]
| firstawarded = 1990
| reward = {{ubl|Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus)|{{INR|2,00,000}}}}
| former name = National Film Award for Best Audiography (1991–2021)
| holder_label = Most recent winner
| holder = Shubharun Sengupta, ''Dhundgiri Ke Phool'' (2023)
}}

The '''National Film Award for Best Sound Design''' is one of the [[National Film Awards]] presented annually by the [[National Film Development Corporation of India]]. It is one of several awards presented for non-feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).

The award was instituted in 1990, at [[38th National Film Awards]] and awarded annually for the short films produced in the year across the country, in all Indian languages. At the [[70th National Film Awards]], both Best Audiography and Best On-location Sound Recordist were clubbed to a single category as Best Sound Design. Since then, only the sound designer is eligible for the award.<ref>{{cite web |author=Under Secretary to the Government of India |date=14 December 2023 |title=Report on Rationalization of Awards Conferred by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting {{!}} Ministry of Information and Broadcasting {{!}} Government of India |url=https://mib.gov.in/filmsdocuments/report-rationalization-awards-conferred-ministry-information-broadcasting |access-date=25 August 2024 |publisher=[[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Ministry of Information and Broadcasting]]}}</ref>

== Winners ==

Award includes 'Rajat Kamal' (Silver Lotus) and cash prize. Following are the award winners over the years:

{| class="wikitable" style="width:40%"
|-
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"| Awards legends
|-
| style="background-color:#9FDFBF;width:20px;"|{{center|*}}
| {{small|On-location Sound Recordist (until 2021)}}
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%"
! colspan="5" | List of award recipients, showing the year (award ceremony), film(s) and language(s)
|-
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;width:10%;"| Year
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;width:25%;"| Recipient(s)
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;width:23%;"| Film(s)
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;width:10%;"| Language(s)
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;width:3%;" class="unsortable" |{{Tooltip|Refs.|Reference}}
|-
| align="center" | [[38th National Film Awards|1990 {{small|(38th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Sujit Sarkar
| ''Mohor''
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| align="center" |<ref name="38thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/79_38thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=38th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" rowspan="2" | [[39th National Film Awards|1991 {{small|(39th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Anil Tendulkar
| rowspan="2" | ''Sons of Abotani: The Misings''
| rowspan="2" | [[Mishing language|Mishing]]
| align="center" rowspan="2" |<ref name="39thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/78_39ndNfacatalogue.pdf|title=39th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | Gautam Bora
|-
| align="center" | [[40th National Film Awards|1992 {{small|(40th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Sanjoy Chatterjee
| ''Wangala: A Garo Festival''
| English
| align="center" |<ref name="40thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/77_40thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=40th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[41st National Film Awards|1993 {{small|(41st)}}]]
! scope="row" | Indrajit Neogi
| ''Maihar Raag''
| Bengali
| align="center" |<ref name="41stawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/76_41stNfacatalogue.pdf|title=41st National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" rowspan="2" | [[42nd National Film Awards|1994 {{small|(42nd)}}]]
! scope="row" | Indrajit Neogi
| rowspan="2" | ''Another Way of Learning''
| rowspan="2" | English
| align="center" rowspan="2" |<ref name="42ndawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/75_42ndNfacatalogue.pdf|title=42nd National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | A. M. Padmanabhan
|-
| align="center" | [[43rd National Film Awards|1995 {{small|(43rd)}}]]
! scope="row" | Shyam Sunder
| ''Tatva''
| [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| align="center" |<ref name="43rdawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/74_43rdNfacatalogue.pdf|title=43rd National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[44th National Film Awards|1996 {{small|(44th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Nihar R. Samal
| ''Tat Tvam Asi''
| Hindi and English
| align="center" |<ref name="44thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/73_44thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=44th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[45th National Film Awards|1997 {{small|(45th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Pankaj Shil
| ''Matir Bhanr''
| Bengali
| align="center" |<ref name="45thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/72_45thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=45th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[46th National Film Awards|1998 {{small|(46th)}}]]
! scope="row" | [[P. M. Satheesh|Satheesh P. M.]]
| ''Kumar Talkies''
| Hindi
| align="center" |<ref name="46thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/71_46thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=46th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[47th National Film Awards|1999 {{small|(47th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Chinmoy Nath
| ''The Vehicle with a Soul of a Man''
| {{dash}}
| align="center" |<ref name="47thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/70_47thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=47th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[48th National Film Awards|2000 {{small|(48th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Hari Kumar
| ''A Memory of the Sea''
| English
| align="center" |<ref name="48thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/69_48thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=48th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[49th National Film Awards|2001 {{small|(49th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Anup Mukherjee
| ''Enough of Silence''
| English
| align="center" |<ref name="49thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/68_49thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=49th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[50th National Film Awards|2002 {{small|(50th)}}]]
| colspan="3" bgcolor="#F5A9A9" align="center" | No Award
| align="center" |<ref name="50thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/67_50thNfacatalogue.pdf|title=50th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[51st National Film Awards|2003 {{small|(51st)}}]]
! scope="row" | Ramesh Birajdar
| ''Bhaba Paagla''
| Bengali
| align="center" |<ref name="51stawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/66_51stNfacatalogue.pdf|title=51st National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[52nd National Film Awards|2004 {{small|(52nd)}}]]
! scope="row" | Vivek
| ''Kshy Tra Ghya''
| Hindi
| align="center" |<ref name="52ndawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/50_52thNfacatalogue%20-%20.pdf|title=52nd National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[53rd National Film Awards|2005 {{small|(53rd)}}]]
! scope="row" | Anmol Bhave
| ''Closer''
| {{dash}}
| align="center" |<ref name="53rdawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/49_53Nfacatalogue-%20.pdf|title=53rd National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[54th National Film Awards|2006 {{small|(54th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Partha Barman
| ''Bishar Blues''
| Bengali
| align="center" |<ref name="54thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/48_54sthNfaArchives.pdf|title=54th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[55th National Film Awards|2007 {{small|(55th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Ajit Singh Rathore
| ''Kramasha''
| Hindi
| align="center" |<ref name="55thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/47_55Nfacatalogue-%20.pdf|title=55th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[56th National Film Awards|2008 {{small|(56th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Mateen Ahmad
| ''[[Children of the Pyre]]''
| Hindi
| align="center" |<ref name="56thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/46_56thNfacatalogue%20-%20.pdf|title=56th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[57th National Film Awards|2009 {{small|(57th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Lipika Singh Darai
| ''Gaarud''
| Hindi and [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| align="center" |<ref name="57thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/45_57thNfacatalogue%20-%20.pdf|title=57th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[58th National Film Awards|2010 {{small|(58th)}}]]
! scope="row" | [[Harikumar Madhavan Nair]]
| ''[[A Pestering Journey]]''
| [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], Hindi, English and [[Tulu language|Tulu]]
| align="center" |<ref name="58thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=https://www.dff.gov.in/images/Documents/44_58thNfacatalogue%20-%20.pdf|title=58th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[59th National Film Awards|2011 {{small|(59th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Gautam Nair
| ''1, 2''
| Hindi
| align="center" |<ref name="59thaward">{{cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/release/rel_print_page.asp?relid=80734|title=59th National Film Awards for the Year 2011 Announced|publisher=Press Information Bureau (PIB), India|access-date=7 March 2012}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[60th National Film Awards|2012 {{small|(60th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Harikumar M.
| ''Do Din Ka Mela''
| [[Kutchi language|Kutchi]]
| align="center" |<ref name="60thaward">{{cite press_release|title=60th National Film Awards Announced|url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/others/2013/mar/d2013031801.pdf|publisher=Press Information Bureau (PIB), India|access-date=18 March 2013}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[61st National Film Awards|2013 {{small|(61st)}}]]
! scope="row" | Gautam Nair
| ''Chidiya Udh''
| {{dash}}
| align="center" |<ref name="61staward">{{cite web|title=61st National Film Awards|url=http://www.dff.nic.in/List%20of%20Awards.pdf|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|date=16 April 2014|access-date=16 April 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416181218/http://www.dff.nic.in/List%20of%20Awards.pdf|archive-date=16 April 2014}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" rowspan="3" | [[62nd National Film Awards|2014 {{small|(62nd)}}]]
! scope="row" | Anindit Roy
| rowspan="3" | ''Tender is the Sight''
| rowspan="3" | {{dash}}
| align="center" rowspan="3" |<ref name="62ndaward">{{cite press_release|title=62nd National Film Awards|url=http://dff.nic.in/writereaddata/62nd%20National%20Film%20Awards%202014%20-%20Press%20Release.pdf|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|date=24 March 2015|access-date=24 March 2015}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | Ateesh Chattopadhyay
|-
! scope="row" | Ayan Bhattacharya
|-
| align="center"| [[63rd National Film Awards|2015 {{small|(63rd)}}]]
! scope="row" | Moumita Roy
| ''Edpa Kana''
| [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]]
| align="center" |<ref name="63rdaward">{{cite press_release|title=63rd National Film Awards|url=http://dff.nic.in/writereaddata/Winners_of_63rd_NFA_2015.pdf|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|date=28 March 2016|access-date=28 March 2016}}</ref>
|-
| align="center"| [[64th National Film Awards|2016 {{small|(64th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Ajith Abraham George
| ''[[In Return: Just a Book|In Return Just a Book]]''
| English
| align="center" |<ref name="64thaward">{{cite press_release|title=64th National Film Awards|url=http://www.dff.nic.in/writereaddata/NFA64PressNote2016.pdf|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=7 April 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606051143/http://dff.nic.in/writereaddata/NFA64PressNote2016.pdf|archive-date=6 June 2017}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" rowspan="2"| [[65th National Film Awards|2017 {{small|(65th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Avinash Sonawane
| ''Pavasacha Nibandha''
| Marathi
| align="center" rowspan="2"|
|-
! scope="row" style="background-color:#9FDFBF"| Samarth Mahajan
| ''The Unreserved''
|
|-
| align="center" rowspan="2"| [[66th National Film Awards|2018 {{small|(66th)}}]]
! scope="row" | [[Bishwadeep Chatterjee]]
| ''Children of the Soil''
|
| align="center" rowspan="2"|
|-
! scope="row" style="background-color:#9FDFBF"| Ajay Bedi
| ''The Secret Life of Frogs''
|
|-
| align="center" rowspan="3" | [[67th National Film Awards|2019 {{small|(67th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Allwin Rego
| rowspan="2" | ''Radha''
| rowspan="2" | Musical
| rowspan="3" align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 March 2021 |title=67th National Film Awards announced |url=https://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1706663 |access-date=9 October 2024 |website=[[Press Information Bureau]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | Sanjay Maurya
|-
! scope="row" style="background-color:#9FDFBF"| Saptarshi Sarkar
| ''Rahas''
| Hindi
|-
| align="center" rowspan="3" | [[68th National Film Awards|2020 {{small|(68th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Ajit Singh Rathore
| ''Pearl of the Desert''
| [[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]]
| rowspan="3" align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2022 |title=68th National Film Awards announced |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1843932 |access-date=7 February 2025 |website=[[Press Information Bureau]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" style="background-color:#9FDFBF"| Sandip Bhati
| rowspan="2" |''Jadui Jangal (Magical Forest)''
| rowspan="2" |Hindi
|-
! scope="row" style="background-color:#9FDFBF"| Pradeep Lekhwar
|-
| align="center" rowspan="2" | [[69th National Film Awards|2021 {{small|(69th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Krishnanunni N R
| ''Ek Tha Gaon''
| [[Garhwali language|Garhwali]] and Hindi
| rowspan="2" align="center" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2023 |title=69th National Film Awards for the year 2021 announced |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1951758 |access-date=9 October 2024 |website=[[Press Information Bureau]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" style="background-color:#9FDFBF"| Suruchi Sharma
| ''Meen Raag''
| Rajasthani
|-
| align="center" | [[70th National Film Awards|2022 {{small|(70th)}}]]
! scope="row" | Manas Choudhury
|''Yaan''
| Hindi and Malwi
| align="center" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 August 2024 |title=70th National Film Awards for the year 2022 announced |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2045960 |access-date=8 October 2024 |website=[[Press Information Bureau]]}}</ref>
|-
| align="center" | [[71st National Film Awards|2023 {{small|(71st)}}]]
! scope="row" | Shubharun Sengupta
|''Dhundgiri Ke Phool''
| Hindi
| align="center" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-01 |title=71st National Film Awards 2025 Live Updates: Shah Rukh Khan, Rani Mukerji win first National Awards; Vikrant Massey and 12th Fail bag trophies |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/national-film-awards-2025-live-updates-winners-list-10160873/ |access-date=2025-08-01 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://dff.nic.in Official Page for Directorate of Film Festivals, India]
* [http://dff.nic.in/NFA_archive.asp National Film Awards Archives]

{{National Film Awards}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:National Film Award For Best Non-Feature Film Audiography}}
[[Category:National Film Awards (India)|Audiography Non-feature]]

Rajatava Dutta

2026-03-20T08:39:01Z

Shelia6340:

{{Short description|Indian actor (born 1967)}}
{{BLP sources|date=May 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox actor
| name = Rajatava Dutta
| native_name = রজতাভ দত্ত
| image = Rajatava Dutta in bangladesh (cropped).jpg
| alt =
| caption = Dutta in 2017
| father =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1967|8|11|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Calcutta]], [[West Bengal]], India
| known_for =
* ''[[Paromitar Ekdin]]''
* ''[[MLA Fatakeshto]]''
* ''[[Paglu]]''
* ''[[Paglu 2]]''
* ''[[Boss: Born to Rule|Boss]]''
* ''[[Open Tee Bioscope]]''
* ''[[Badshahi Angti (film)|Badshahi Angti]]''
* ''[[Bogla Mama Jug Jug Jiyo]]''
| occupation = [[Actor]]
}}

'''Rajatava Dutta''' (born 11 August 1967) is an Indian actor who appears in [[Cinema of West Bengal|Bengali]], [[Hindi cinema|Hindi]] and [[English-language Indian films|English films]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Rajatabha Datta|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0244900/|publisher=[[IMDb]]|access-date=24 February 2012}}</ref> He is often regarded as one of the most celebrated and respected Bengali actors of his generation.<ref name="anandabazar1">{{cite web | url=https://www.anandabazar.com/entertainment/rajatabha-dutta-s-fabulous-acting-in-open-tee-bioscope-an-exclusive-interview-1.113718 | title=ব্যাঙ থেকে বিগ ব্যাং }}</ref> In a career spanning over three decades, on one hand he has received popularity for playing negative characters in commercially successful films like ''[[MLA Fatakeshto]]'','' [[Challenge (2009 film)|Challenge]]'', ''[[Paglu]]'', ''[[Boss: Born to Rule]]'' etc. and on the other hand he has gained critical praise for his versatile acting performances in critically acclaimed films like ''[[Paromitar Ekdin]]'', ''[[Open Tee Bioscope]]'', ''[[Bogla Mama Jug Jug Jiyo]]'' etc. and in the web-series ''[[Byadh]]''.<ref name="anandabazar1" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Bogla Mama Jug Jug Jio is a rib-tickling comedy with some strong acts and '80s nostalgia |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/bogla-mama-jug-jug-jio-is-a-rib-tickling-comedy-with-some-strong-acts-and-80s-nostalgia/cid/1982978}}</ref> He has been a judge on the [[Zee Bangla]] reality show ''[[Mirakkel]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title='Mirakkel Akkel Challenger 10' to launch soon |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/mirakkel-akkel-challenger-10-to-launch-soon/articleshow/68358560.cms |work=The Times of India |date=11 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mirakkel 10: Actress Rukmini Maitra shoots for a special episode |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/mirakkel-10-actress-rukmini-maitra-shoots-for-a-special-episode/articleshow/79144125.cms |website=The Times of India |date=10 November 2020}}</ref>

==Early life==
From [[Ballygunge Government High School]] Rajatava passed Madhyamik in 1983, passed Higher Secondary from [[Goenka College of Commerce and Business Administration]] in 1985 and graduated from [[Netaji Nagar Day College|Netaji Nagar College]] in 1987.<ref>[http://www.tollyworld.com/index.php?option=com_artist&controller=artist&task=displaydetails&cid%5B0%5D=54&Itemid=91 Rajatava Datta]{{dead link|date=November 2023}}</ref>

==Career==
===Theatre===
Rajatava has been working as a theatre artist since 1987.{{citation needed|date= October 2022}} He has started his work in the theatre group [[Antarmukh]] under Soumitra Basu (1987–1990). After that in Ushnik with Ishita Mukherjee (1990–1993). In Swapnosandhani with [[Kaushik Sen]] (1993–1995) (1996–1997) (2011–2016). In Gandhar with Ashit Mukhopadhyay (1994) with Dwijen Banarjee (1995), in Natyoanon with [[Chandan Sen]] (1997–2000) in Ansambal with [[Sohag Sen]] (1997–2001),
In Calcutta Performers with Tamal Roy Chowdhury (2001–2002), in Sangsriti with Debesh Chattopadhyay (2002–1018). In Lokokristi With Falguni Chatterjee (2004–2006), In Vupen Bose Avenue Chorus with Amitava Dutta (2014–2018) and In Natyoshala with Rana Basu (2016–2018).

==Filmography==
{{Incomplete list|date=January 2024}}

* ''Wheel Chair''
* ''[[Ajab Gayer Ajab Katha]]''
* ''[[Paromitar Ek Din]]''
* ''Mr. and Mrs. Iyer''
* ''[[Prohor]]''
* ''[[Nil Nirjane]]''
* ''[[Abar Aranye]]''
* ''Raasta''
* ''Bombaiyer Bombete''
* ''[[Barood (2004 film)|Barood]]''
* ''Abar Asbo Phire''
* ''[[Manik (2005 film)|Manik]]''
* ''Nayak Nuhen Khalnayak''
* ''Yuddha''
* ''Ek Mutha Chabi''
* ''[[MLA Fatakeshto]]''
* ''[[Ghatak (film)|Ghatak]]''
* ''[[Priyotoma]]''
* ''[[Abhimanyu]]''
* ''[[Sangharsha]]''
* ''[[I Love You (2007 Bengali film)|I Love You]]''
* ''Tiger''
* ''Kalishankar''
* ''[[Bandhu]]''
* ''[[Chakra]]''
* ''[[Tulkalam]]''
* ''[[Prem (2007 film)|Prem]]''
* ''[[Aamar Pratigya]]''
* ''Hochheta Ki?''
* ''Bajimaat''
* ''Golmaal''
* ''Mahakaal''
* ''Amar Sangee''
* ''Bazzimaat''
* ''Ram Baloram''
* ''Friend''
* ''[[Challenge (2009 film)|Challenge]]''
* ''Mon Niye''
* ''Olot Palot''
* ''Kaminey''
* ''Aalo''
* ''Thikana Rajpath''
* ''Shono Mon Boli Tomay''
* ''Kakhono Bida Bolo Na''
* ''Lajja - The Shame''
* ''Jor Jar Muluk Tar''
* ''Hing Ting Chot''
* ''[[Kellafate]]''
* ''Lukochurii''
* ''Path Jodi Na Sesh Hoi''
* ''Handcuff''
* ''When He Was 23''
* ''[[Bye Bye Bangkok]]''
* ''[[Chalo Paltai]]''
* ''Bajikar''
* ''[[Paglu]]''
* ''Uro Chithi''
* ''Bhorer Pakhi''
* ''Piya Tumi''
* ''Mone Bole Priya Priya''
* ''Goraay Gandogol''
* ''[[Le Halua Le]]''
* ''[[Paglu 2]]''
* ''Sector V''
* ''Teen Kanya''
* ''[[Challenge 2]]''
* ''Prem Leela''
* ''Bawali Unlimited''
* ''Namte Namte''
* ''[[Loveria]]''
* ''Kanamachi''
* ''The Oasis''
* ''Ek Thi Daayaan''
* ''Jiboner Rong''
* ''Sweetheart''
* ''[[Khoka 420]]''
* ''Khiladi''
* ''[[Rangbaaz (2013 film)|Rangbaaz]]''
* ''[[Ashchorjyo Prodeep]]''
* ''Villain''
* ''Chaar''
* ''[[Bonku Babu]]''
* ''[[Golpo Holeo Shotti]]''
* ''[[Yoddha: The Warrior]]''
* ''Pati Parameshwar''
* ''[[Badshahi Angti (film)|Badshahi Angti]]''
* ''Pendulum - A Tale of Time''
* ''[[Open Tee Bioscope]]''
* ''Natoker Moto: Like A Play''
* ''Jomer Raja Dilo Bor''
* ''Aashiqui: True Love''
* ''Not A Dirty Film''
* ''[[Rajkahini]]''
* ''[[Black (2015 Bengali film)|Black]]''
* ''Cocktail''
* ''Sob Koro Prem Koro Na''
* ''[[Kanchenjunga Express (film)|Kanchenjungha Express]]''
* ''Angaar''
* ''[[Power (2016 film)|Power]]''
* ''[[Badsha – The Don]]''
* ''Sathiya''
* ''Banchha Elo Phire''
* ''Bossgiri''
* ''[[Byomkesh Pawrbo]]''
* ''[[Haripada Bandwala]]''
* ''Hera Pheri''
* ''[[Jagga Jasoos]]''
* ''Dhatteriki''
* ''[[Meri Pyaari Bindu]]''
* ''[[Nabab]]''
* ''K: Secret Eye''
* ''[[Rangbaz (2017 film)|Rangbaaz]]''
* ''[[Shrestha Bangali]]''
* ''[[Projapoti Biskut]]''
* ''[[Bolo Dugga Maiki]]''
* ''Boxer''
* ''Boxer III''
* ''[[Total Dadagiri]]''
* ''Chalbaaz''
* ''[[Guptodhoner Sandhane]]''
* ''Bhaijaan Elo Re''
* ''Manojder Adbhut Bari''
* ''[[Rosogolla]]''
* ''[[Hoichoi Unlimited]]''
* ''[[Goyenda Tatar]]''
* ''Jah Kala''
* ''Mukhomukhi''
* ''[[Nolok]]''
* ''Zombiesthaan''
* ''[[Mukhosh (2021 film)|Mukhosh]]''
* ''[[Din Ratrir Golpo]]''
* ''Dui Shalik''
* ''Aloukik''
* ''Amar Challenge''
* ''Bikkhov''
* ''[[Bob Biswas]]''
* ''[[Antardhaan]]''
* ''[[Tonic (film)|Tonic]]''
* ''Neeti Shastra''
* ''Kulpi''
* ''Bhotbhoti''
* ''[[Kolkata Chalantika]]''
* ''[[Karnasubarner Guptodhon]]''
* ''Bijoya Dashami''
* ''Ikir Mikir''
* ''[[Archier Gallery]]''
* ''[[The Eken: Ruddhaswas Rajasthan]]''
* ''Kothay Tumi''
* ''[[Bogla Mama Jug Jug Jiyo]]''
* ''[[Ektu Sore Bosun]]''
* ''Nidhon''
* ''Daal Bati Churma''
* ''Cafe Wall''
* ''[[Aador]]''
* ''[[Boomerang (2024 Bengali film)|Boomerang]]''
* ''[[Shastri (2024 film)|Shastri]]''
* Turuper tass (2025)
* Pataliganjer putul khela (2025)
* ''Ami Amar Moto'' (2025)
* ''[[Rappa Roy & Full Stop Dot Com]]''
* ''[[Keu Bole Biplobi Keu Bole Dakat]]'' (2026)
* Winkle Twinkle (2026)

=== TV Serials ===
* ''Ek Akasher Niche''

=== Web Series ===
* ''Dhanbad Blues''
* ''Water Bottle''
* ''[[The Stoneman Murders]]''
* ''[[Byadh]]''
* ''The Bengal Scam: Bima Kando''
* ''[[Guns & Gulaabs]]''
* ''Feludar Goyendagiri: Bhuswargo Bhoyonkawr''
* ''[[Bhog (film)]]''

==Accolades==
In the film industry he started his career as a junior artist. He first received his big break in the 1998 film ''[[Ajab Gayer Ajab Katha]]''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.anandabazar.com/rabibashoriyo/write-up-about-his-first-film-by-rajatava-dutta-on-rabibasariya-1.335788 | title=ডাকাতের কস্টিউম ট্যাক্সিতে ফেলে এলাম }}</ref> He received the [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards]] in 2001 for ''[[Paromitar Ek Din|Paromitar Ekdin]]'' in the category best actor in a supporting role. In 2006 he received the [[Anandalok Awards]] for the movie ''[[MLA Fatakeshto]]'' for the best villain category.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rajatava Attached|url=http://www.gomolo.com/awards-won-by-rajatava-dutta/952|access-date=25 February 2012|archive-date=5 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305003640/http://www.gomolo.com/awards-won-by-rajatava-dutta/952|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Mirakkel]]
*[[Swapnasandhani]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|0244900}}

{{Bengali theatre}}
{{Portal bar|India|Film}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dutta, Rajatava}}
[[Category:Bengali male actors]]
[[Category:Bengali male television actors]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Goenka College of Commerce and Business Administration alumni]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:1967 births]]
[[Category:People from Jessore District]]
[[Category:Indian male comedians]]

Chola invasion of Srivijaya

2026-03-16T10:18:52Z

Shelia6340: formatting fix

{{Short description|1025–1026 Chola military campaign}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Chola invasion of Srivijaya
| partof = [[South-East Asia campaign of Rajendra Chola I]]
| image = File:Chola Empire Map (1).svg
| image_size = 300px
| caption = Rajendra Chola's Territories c. 1030 AD
| date = 1025–1026 AD<ref name=":02" />{{rp|394, 402}}
| place = [[Palembang]] ([[Sumatra]]) and [[Kedah]] ([[Malay Peninsula]]), [[Srivijaya]]
| result = [[Chola]] victory
*[[Chola]] influence in [[Srivijaya]]
* [[Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman]] is captured
* Dissolution of Srivijayan [[Mandala (political model)|mandala]]
| combatant1 = [[Chola Empire]]
| combatant2 = [[Srivijaya]]
| commander1 = '''[[Rajendra I]]''' Beemaseenan Amarabujangan Divakara Karunaakaran
| commander2 = '''[[Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman|Sangrama I]]'''{{POW}} [[Samara Vijayatunggavarman]]
| strength1 =
| strength2 =
| casualties1 =
| casualties2 =
| units1 = [[Chola Navy]] [[Chola Army]]
| units2 = Srivijaya Navy Srivijaya Army
}}

{{History of Indonesia}}In 1025 AD, the [[Chola Empire|Chola]] Emperor [[Rajendra Chola I|Rajendra I]] launched naval invasions on [[Srivijaya]] in [[maritime Southeast Asia]], leading to the fall of the [[Sailendra Dynasty]] of Srivijaya.<ref name="Munoz">{{cite book |last=Munoz|first=Paul Michel|title=Early Kingdoms of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Malay Peninsula|publisher=Editions Didier Millet|year=2006|location=Singapore|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NqwuAQAAIAAJ |isbn= 981-4155-67-5}}</ref>

Rajendra's overseas expedition against Srivijaya was a unique event in India's history and its otherwise peaceful relations with the states of [[Southeast Asia]]. Several places in present-day [[Indonesia]] and [[Malay Peninsula]] were invaded by Rajendra I of the [[Chola dynasty]].<ref>Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia by Hermann Kulke, K Kesavapany, Vijay Sakhuja p.170</ref><ref>Trade and Trade Routes in Ancient India by Moti Chandra p.214</ref> The invasion furthered the expansion of [[Tamil people|Tamil]] merchant associations such as the [[Manigramam]], [[Five Hundred Lords of Ayyavolu|Ayyavole]] and [[Ainnurruvar]] into [[Southeast Asia]].<ref>Buddhism, Diplomacy, and Trade: The Realignment of Sino-Indian Relations 600-1400 by Tansen Sen p.159</ref><ref>Power and Plenty: Trade, War, and the World Economy in the Second Millennium by Ronald Findlay, Kevin H. O'Rourke p.69</ref><ref>Wink, André, ''Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World, Vol. I, Early Medieval India and the Expansion of Islam: 7th-11th centuries'', p.325, {{ISBN|978-0391041738}}</ref><ref>Ancient Indian History and Civilization by Sailendra Nath Sen p.564</ref>

The Chola invasion also coincided with return voyage of the great [[Bengal]]i [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] scholar [[Atiśa]] (c. 982–1054) from [[Sumatra]] to [[Indian subcontinent|India]] and [[Tibet]] in 1025.<ref>Atisa and Tibet: Life and Works of Dipamkara Srijnana by Alaka Chattopadhyaya p.91</ref>

==Background==
Throughout much of their history, ancient India and Indonesia maintained peaceful and friendly relations, making the Chola invasion a unique event in Asian history.<ref name="Kulke" />

In the 9th and 10th centuries, [[Srivijaya]] had close ties with the [[Pala Empire]] in [[Bengal]]. An 860 [[Nalanda inscription]] records that Maharaja [[Balaputra]] of Srivijaya dedicated a monastery at the [[Nalanda|Nalanda Mahavihara]] in Pala territory. Relations between Srivijaya and the [[Chola dynasty]] of [[southern India]] were cordial during the reign of [[Raja Raja Chola I]]. In 1006, King [[Maravijayattungavarman]], a Srivijayan [[Maharaja]] from the [[Sailendra]] dynasty, constructed the [[Chudamani Vihara]] in the port town of [[Nagapattinam]].<ref name="sastri219220">{{cite book |last=Sastri |first=K. A. Nilakanta |title=The CōĻas |publisher=University of Madras |year=1935 |author-link=K.A. Nilakanta Sastri |pages=219–220 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.4293/page/n235/mode/2up}}</ref> However, during the reign of [[Rajendra Chola I]], relations deteriorated as the Cholas attacked Srivijayan cities.<ref>Power and Plenty: Trade, War, and the World Economy in the Second Millennium by Ronald Findlay, Kevin H. O'Rourke p.67</ref>

Srivijaya controlled two major naval choke points, the [[Malacca Strait]] and the [[Sunda Strait]], and was a significant trading empire with formidable naval forces. The northwest opening of the Malacca Strait was controlled from Kedah on the [[Malay Peninsula]] and from [[Pannai]] on the [[Sumatra]]n side, while [[Melayu Kingdom|Malayu]] (in [[Jambi]]) and [[Palembang]] controlled the southeast opening and the Sunda Strait. Srivijaya enforced a naval trade monopoly, compelling ships passing through their waters to stop at their ports or risk being plundered.<ref name="Naval Melaka Straits">{{Cite journal |last=Heng |first=Derek |date=October 2013 |title=State formation and the evolution of naval strategies in the Melaka Straits, c. 500-1500 CE |journal=Journal of Southeast Asian Studies |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=380–399|doi=10.1017/S0022463413000362 |s2cid=161550066 }}</ref>

The Cholas benefitted from both [[agriculture]] and foreign trade. Their seafaring activities sometimes led to overseas trade and conquest, including in [[Southeast Asia]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Craig A. Lockard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qOfjaW7C3AsC&dq=Chola+piracy&pg=PA367 |title=Societies, Networks, and Transitions: A Global History |date=27 December 2006 |publisher=Cengage Learning |isbn=0618386114 |page=367 |access-date=23 April 2012}}</ref>

The reasons for the Chola naval expedition are unclear. Historian [[Nilakanta Sastri]] suggested that the conflict may have arisen from Srivijayan attempts to obstruct Chola trade with the East, especially China, or perhaps from Rajendra's desire to extend his ''[[digvijaya (conquest)|digvijaya]]'' (world conquest) across the sea, adding prestige to his reign.<ref name="Kulke" /> Another theory posits that geopolitical and diplomatic factors motivated the invasion. King [[Suryavarman I]] of the [[Khmer Empire]] sought assistance from Rajendra Chola I against the [[Tambralinga]] kingdom.<ref name="Kenneth R. Hall 1975 pp. 318-336">Kenneth R. Hall (October 1975), "Khmer Commercial Development and Foreign Contacts under Sūryavarman I", Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 18 (3), pp. 318-336, Brill Publishers</ref> In response, the Tambralinga kingdom sought aid from Srivijayan king Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman.<ref name="Kenneth R. Hall 1975 pp. 318-336" /><ref name="C. Majumdar 1961 pp. 338-342">[[R. C. Majumdar]] (1961), "The Overseas Expeditions of King Rājendra Cola", Artibus Asiae 24 (3/4), pp. 338-342, Artibus Asiae Publishers</ref>

==Invasion==

The Chola invasion of [[Srivijaya]] was a swift campaign that left Srivijaya unprepared. In the [[11th century]], the [[Chola Navy|Chola navy]] had become a formidable force, while Srivijaya's sea power had weakened.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Heng |first=Derek |date=2013 |title=State formation and the evolution of naval strategies in the Melaka Straits, c. 500-1500 CE |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43863212 |journal=Journal of Southeast Asian Studies |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=385 |doi=10.1017/S0022463413000362 |jstor=43863212 |s2cid=161550066 |issn=0022-4634|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Indian ships typically sailed eastward across the [[Bay of Bengal]], stopping at ports in Lamuri, [[Aceh]], or [[Kedah]] in the Malay Peninsula before entering the [[Malacca Strait]]. However, the Chola fleet sailed directly to the west coast of [[Sumatra]]. The port of [[Barus]] on North Sumatra’s west coast, controlled by Tamil trade guilds, served as a resupply point after crossing the [[Indian Ocean]]. From there, the Chola fleet sailed southward along Sumatra's west coast and entered the [[Sunda Strait]].<ref name="Munoz"/>

The Srivijaya navy, stationed at Kedah near the northwest opening of the Malacca Strait, was unaware of the Chola invasion approaching from the south via the Sunda Strait. The first Srivijayan city to be attacked was [[Palembang]], the empire's capital. The sudden assault allowed the Cholas to sack the city, plundering the ''Kadatuan'' royal palace and monasteries. The [[Tamil inscriptions in the Malay world#Tanjore Inscription|Thanjavur inscription]] records that Rajendra Chola captured King [[Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman|Sangrama Vijayottunggavarman]] of Srivijaya and seized treasures, including the Vidhyadara Torana, a jeweled 'war gate' of Srivijaya.<ref name="Kulke">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2swhCXJVRzwC&dq=Chola+captured+Srivijaya+jeweled+gate&pg=PA1 |title=Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia |editor-last1=Kulke |editor-first1=Hermann |editor-last2=Kesavapany |editor-first2=K. |editor-last3=Sakhuja |editor-first3=Vijay |year=2009 |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |page=1 |isbn=9789812309372 |access-date=23 April 2012}}</ref>

Despite their success, the Cholas did not establish lasting control over the captured cities, as the campaign primarily involved fast-moving raids and plunder. The Chola fleet likely utilized the [[Southeast Asia]]n [[monsoon]] winds to swiftly move between ports. This tactic of rapid, unexpected attacks contributed to the Cholas' success, as it prevented the Srivijayan [[Mandala (political model)|''mandala'']] from organizing defenses, mounting a response, or seeking aid.<ref name="Munoz" /><ref name="Munoz 163">{{cite book |last=Munoz|first=Paul Michel|title=Early Kingdoms of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Malay Peninsula|publisher=Editions Didier Millet|year=2006|location=Singapore|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NqwuAQAAIAAJ |pages=163|isbn=981-4155-67-5}}</ref> The war ended in a Chola victory, significantly weakening Srivijaya and breaking its maritime monopoly in the region.<ref name="Kenneth R. Hall 1975 pp. 318-336" /><ref name="C. Majumdar 1961 pp. 338-342" /><ref name="Southeast Asia p.43">Southeast Asia: Past and Present by D.R. Sardesai p.43</ref><ref>Early Kingdoms of the Indonesian Archipelago and the Malay Peninsula by Paul Michel Munoz p.161</ref>

==Aftermath==
[[File:Charter_issued_by_king_Rājendra_Chola_I_Or._1687.pdf|left|thumb|250x250px|[[Charter]] issued by Rajendra I that declared the collection of revenue to build a [[Vihāra|Buddhist Vihara]] in Srivijaya.]]
With the Maharaja [[Sangrama Vijayatunggavarman|Sangrama Vijayottunggavarman]] imprisoned and most of its cities destroyed, the leaderless [[Srivijaya]] mandala entered a period of chaos and confusion, marking the end of the [[Sailendra]] dynasty. According to the 15th-century [[Malay Annals]], [[Rajendra Chola I]], after the successful naval raid in 1025 married Onang Kiu, the daughter of Sangrama Vijayottunggavarman.<ref>Buddhism, Diplomacy, and Trade: The Realignment of Sino-Indian Relations by Tansen Sen p.226</ref><ref>Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to by Hermann Kulke, K Kesavapany, Vijay Sakhuja p.71</ref>

The invasion forced [[Srivijaya]] to make peace with [[Javanese people|Javanese]] kingdom of [[Kahuripan]]. The peace deal was brokered by the exiled daughter of Sangrama Vijayottunggavarman, a Srivijayan princess who managed to escape the destruction of Palembang and came to the court of King [[Airlangga]] in [[East Java]]. She also became the queen consort of Airlangga named Dharmaprasadottungadevi and in 1035, Airlangga constructed a Buddhist monastery named Srivijayasrama dedicated to his queen consort.<ref name="Munoz 163" />

This invasion gravely weakened the [[Srivijaya]]n hegemony and enabled the formation of regional kingdoms like [[Kahuripan]] and its successor, [[Kediri (historical kingdom)|Kediri]] in [[Java]] based on agriculture rather than coastal and long-distance trade. [[Sri Deva]] was enthroned as the new king and the trading activities resumed. He sent an embassy to the court of [[China]] in 1028 CE.<ref name="Munoz 163" /> ''[[Sanfotsi|Sanfoqi]]'' sent a mission to China in 1028, but this would refer to Malayu-Jambi, not Srivijaya-Palembang.<ref name=":02" />{{rp|398, 405}} No Srivijayan envoys came to China between 1028–1077, indicating that the ''[[Mandala (political model)|mandala]]'' of Srivijaya had faded. It is very possible that Srivijaya collapsed in 1025.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |last=Miksic |first=John M. |title=Singapore and the Silk Road of the Sea, 1300-1800 |publisher=NUS Press |year=2013 |isbn=9789971695583 |author1-link=John N. Miksic}}</ref>{{rp|110}} In the following centuries, Chinese chronicles still refer to "Sanfoqi", but this term probably refers to the [[Malayu (kingdom)|Malayu]]-Jambi kingdom, evidenced by Chinese record of ''Sanfoqi Zhanbei guo'' (Jambi country of Sanfoqi). The last epigraphic evidence that mentions the word "Sriwijaya" or "Srivijaya" comes from the Tanjore inscription of the Chola kingdom in 1030 or 1031.<ref name=":02" />{{rp|397, 398, 405}}

The Chola control over Srivijaya lasted for several decades. Chinese chronicles mentioned ''Sanfoqi Zhu-nian guo'' which means "Chola country of Sanfoqi", likely referring to Kedah. ''Sanfoqi Zhu-nian guo'' sent missions to China in 1077, 1079, 1082, 1088, and 1090. It is possible that the Cholas installed a crown prince in the Tamil-dominated area of the Malacca Straits.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last1=Miksic |first1=John N. |title=Ancient Southeast Asia |last2=Goh |first2=Geok Yian |date=2017 |publisher=Routledge |location=London }}</ref>{{rp|398, 399, 405}}

Tamil colonization of the Malacca Straits seems to have lasted for a century. The Cholas left several inscriptions in northern Sumatra and the Malay peninsula. Tamil influence can be found in works of art (sculpture and temple architecture), it indicated government activity rather than commerce. Chola's grip on the northern Sumatra and the Malay peninsula receded in the 12th century — the Tamil poem ''Kalingatupparani'' of around 1120 mentioned [[Kulottunga I|Kulottungga]]'s destruction of Kadaram (Kedah). After that, Kedah disappeared from Indian sources.<ref name=":02" />{{rp|398, 399}}

==See also==
* [[Greater India]]
* [[Indosphere]]
* [[Sanskritisation]]
* [[Maritime history of Odisha]]
* [[Indian cultural influences in early Philippine polities]]
* [[Hinduism in Indonesia]]
* [[Hinduism in Malaysia]]
* [[Hinduism in Philippines]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Wars involving the Chola Empire]]
[[Category:Srivijaya]]
[[Category:1025 in Asia]]
[[Category:11th century in India]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1025]]
[[Category:Overseas empires]]
[[Category:Invasions by India]]
[[Category:Naval battles involving the Chola Empire]]

Sushila Didi

2026-03-15T05:06:51Z

Shelia6340: added some details first draft.

{{Short description|Indian revolutionary}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = Didi
| name = Sushila Mohan
| image = Sushila Didi.jpg
| caption = Sushila Didi
| other_names = Sushila Didi
| birth_name = Sushila Mohan
| birth_date = 5 March 1905
| birth_place = [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab province]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date = 13 January 1963 (aged 57)
| death_place = [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], [[India]]
| citizenship = [[India]]n
| alma_mater = Arya Women college, [[Jalandhar]]
| era = [[British Raj|British era]]
| movement = [[Indian Independence Movement]]
}}
'''Sushila Mohan''' popularly known as '''Sushila Didi''', (5 March 1905 – 13 January 1963) was a major figure in India's revolutionary freedom struggle [[Indian independence movement|movement]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUSHILA MOHAN/DIDI |url=http://indianculture.gov.in/node/2801302 |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=INDIAN CULTURE |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=सुशीला दीदी : स्वाधीनता आंदोलन की वो नायिका, जिसने क्रांतिकारियों के लिए शादी के गहने तक बेच दिये |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/faizabad-sushila-didi-an-india-freedom-fighter-who-sold-out-her-marriage-ornament-for-revolutionars-jagran-special-22401424.html |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref>

== Early life ==
She was born to an army doctor in the [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab province]] of [[colonial India]] and did her studies from the Arya women's college in [[Jalandhar]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=डागर |first=निशा |date=2020-05-05 |title=दुर्गा भाभी की सहेली और भगत सिंह की क्रांतिकारी 'दीदी', सुशीला की अनसुनी कहानी! |url=https://hindi.thebetterindia.com/history-pages/freedom-figter-sushila-didi-kakori-conspiracy-bhagat-singh-history-india/ |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=The Better India - Hindi |language=hi}}</ref> She was known for writing nationalist poems and started participating in nationalist politics during her college life.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India's 'Joan of Arc': The Forgotten Life of Sushila Didi |url=https://thewire.in/history/sushila-didi-indian-freedom-movement |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=The Wire}}</ref>

== History ==
When Sushila Didi was a college student, the execution by hanging of Indian freedom fighters raised nationalism in her.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Ram |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6gNuAAAAMAAJ&q=Sushila+Didi |title=Ideology and Battle Cries of Indian Revolutionaries |date=1989 |publisher=Ram Chandra |language=en}}</ref> In 1926, she joined the [[Hindustan Socialist Republican Association]] to contribute to India's freedom fight.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Richa |date=2022-06-12 |title=Sushila Didi Birth Anniversary: 5th march |url=https://bharatstories.com/sushila-didi-birth-anniversary-5th-march/ |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=Latest News & Information |language=en-US}}</ref> When [[Bhagat Singh]] and [[Batukeshwar Dutt]] were caught after throwing a bomb on the assembly, Sushila didi and Durga Bhabhi together helped the other revolutionaries to escape. On 1 October 1931, she along with others, shot European Sergeant Taylor and his wife. To defend the case for the prisoners, she donated 10 tola of gold which was kept by his late mother for the purpose of her marriage. Wearing a masculine garb, she participated in the freedom movement and after joining [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]] 's extremist party. Later she was arrested and sent to jail.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-08-08 |title=Hindustan Shahido Ka: November 2013 |url=http://www.anilverma.in/2013_11_01_archive.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808150443/http://www.anilverma.in/2013_11_01_archive.html |archive-date=2014-08-08 |access-date=2022-11-03 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1963 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian revolutionaries]]
[[Category:People from Jalandhar]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists]]
[[Category:Indian women activists]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Punjab Province (British India)]]

Shetkaryacha Asud

2026-03-13T05:20:22Z

Shelia6340: added new article v1.

{{Notability|date=January 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Short description|Book authored by Mahatma Jyotiba Phule}}

{{Infobox book
| name = Shetkaryacha Asud
| title_orig = Marathi
| translator =
| image = 
| caption =
| author = [[Jyotirao Phule]]
| illustrator =
| cover_artist =
| country = India
| language = Marathi
| series =
| subject = [[Farmer]]'s dire situation in [[Bombay presidency]]
| genre = [[Non-fiction]]
| publisher =
| pub_date = 1881
| english_pub_date =
| media_type = Book
| pages =
| isbn =
| oclc =
| dewey =
| congress =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
}}

'''''Shetkaryacha Asud''''' ({{Translation|The Cultivator's Whipcord }}) is a book written by [[Jyotirao Phule]] in 1881, originally in Marathi,<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://ruralindiaonline.org/en/library/resource/shetkaryaca-asud-the-whipcord-of-the-cultivators/ |title=Shetkaryaca Asud (The Whipcord of the Cultivators) |date=1881-03-13 |language=en}}</ref> describing the plight and poverty of Indian cultivators under exploitative social and economic conditions.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Guha |first=Ramachandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rWxXqEp4eQsC |title=Makers of Modern India |date=2011-03-31 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-05246-8 |pages=80–81 |language=en}}</ref> Mahatma Phule fearlessly advocated for impoverished peasants during a time of severe oppression by landlords and the administration. In this book, he boldly challenged the elite and the colonial authorities for their role in the exploitation of farmers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2023 |title=Shetkaryacha Asud by Mahatma Phule |url=https://cmsadmin.amritmahotsav.nic.in/district-reopsitory-detail.htm?15273}}</ref>

The book gives a few of the numerous reasons connected with the religion and politics that had put the ''[[Shudra]]'' farmers in such a pitiable condition. It argues that a tyrannical religion, the dominance of [[Brahmin]] employees in government departments and the luxury-loving indolence of British administrators meant that the ''Shudra'' farmers were tormented and deceived.{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}

==Content==
The first chapter of Shetkaryacha Asud offers a scathing portrayal of the numerous festivals and life-cycle rituals observed by a 'good Hindu,' each of which, according to Phule, Brahmins exploited to claim gifts and food—"another Brahman feast of ghee and goodies." For Phule, Hinduism was not a true religion, and he described it with terms like "self-interested" (matlabi), "artificial" (krutrim), and "counterfeit" (banavati). In Phule’s view, finding a true religion was central to liberating the masses from the Brahmanic yoke.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Omvedt |first=Gail |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rSF8b5hbyP0C |title=Buddhism in India: Challenging Brahmanism and Caste |date=2003-08-18 |publisher=SAGE Publications |isbn=978-0-7619-9664-4 |pages=231–32 |language=en}}</ref>

==Legacy==
[[File:Mahatma Phule statue.JPG|thumb|Jyotiba Phule statue with inscription text taken from Shetkaryacha Asud]]

On October 2024, An 18-foot bronze statue of social reformers Mahatma Jyotiba Phule and [[Savitribai Phule]] was inaugurated in Nasik by then Chief Minister [[Eknath Shinde]] and other leaders. The memorial includes an inscription from Phule’s Shetkaryacha Asud book ;<ref>{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2024-10-02 |title=Phule statue: Temporary flex board up, Corporation to put up the entire poem in a few days |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/maharashtra/phule-statue-temporary-flex-board-up-corporation-to-put-up-the-entire-poem-in-a-few-days/article68710220.ece |access-date=2025-01-30 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
{{quote| “Vidyevina mati geli. Mati vina niti geli. Niti vina gati geli. Gati vina vitta gele. Vittavina shudra khachle. Evdhe anartha eka avidyeni kele.”}}
which means;
{{quote |“Without knowledge, wisdom was lost, without wisdom righteousness was lost. Without righteousness, progress was lost. Without progress, wealth was lost. Without wealth, the Shudra suffered. So much disaster was caused by the lack of knowledge.”<ref>{{Cite book |last=Omvedt |first=Gail |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rSF8b5hbyP0C |title=Buddhism in India: Challenging Brahmanism and Caste |date=2003-08-18 |publisher=SAGE Publications |isbn=978-0-7619-9664-4 |pages=231 |language=en}}</ref>}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=_Y1CDwAAQBAJ EDITED BY : Dr. NAGNATH KOTTAPALLE (marathi)]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=ptOwoAEACAAJ Cultivator's whipcord (english)]
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Works about farmers]]
[[Category:Marathi-language literature]]

{{India-book-stub}}
{{Maharashtra-stub}}

Maayunnu, Maarivarayunnu, Nisvaasangalil...

2026-03-07T05:08:46Z

Shelia6340: adding basic bio w/ refs...

{{short description|Indian experimental mockumentary film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Maayunnu, Maarivarayunnu, Nisvaasangalil...
| image = File:Maayunnu.jpeg
| alt =
| caption =
| director = [[Abhilash Babu]]
| producer = Crowd Funding
| writer =
| screenplay = Abhilash Babu
| story = Abhilash Babu
| based_on =
| starring = Pradeep Kumar Surya S Kenshin Gauthami Kaur
| narrator =
| music =
| editing = Hari Geetha Sadasivan
| cinematography = Jose Mohan Biju Mohan [[Don Palathara]] Abhijith Chithrakumar
| studio = the week-end academia thiruvananthapuram
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|2024|12|15|df=y}}
| runtime = 134 minutes
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Maayunnu, Maarivarayunnu, Nisvaasangalil...''''' (Dust Art Redrawn in Respiration) is a 2024 crowd funded Indian Malayalam language experimental mockumentary film directed by Abhilash Babu. The film was premiered at the 29th [[International Film Festival of Kerala|IFFK]].<ref name=iffk>{{cite web |title=IFFK 2024 - അന്താരാഷ്ട്ര മത്സര വിഭാഗത്തിൽ മലയാളത്തിൽ നിന്ന് ഫെമിനിച്ചി ഫാത്തിമ, അപ്പുറം |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/iffk-2024-malayalam-cinema-today-1.9988301 |publisher=[[Mathrubhumi]] |access-date=5 February 2025 |date=15 October 2024}}</ref><ref name=ababu>{{cite web |title='എന്റെ രാഷ്‍ട്രീയ കാഴ്‍ചപ്പാടാണ് എന്റെ സിനിമ'- ഡോ. അഭിലാഷ് ബാബു അഭിമുഖം |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/celebrity-interviews/iffk-2024-dust-art-redrawn-in-respiration-director-dr-abhilash-babu-interview-hrk-soisix |publisher=[[Asianet News]] |access-date=5 February 2025 |date=15 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=‘പുരോഗമന’ മലയാളിയും ഒരു സിനിമാറ്റിക് വിചാരണയും |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/weekly/culture/film-and-theatre/weekly-culture-film-and-theatre-1345817 |publisher=[[Madhyamam]] |access-date=5 February 2025 |date=4 November 2024}}</ref>

== Summary ==
Suneer Muhammad and Naveen are father and son, similarly Nalini and Dhanya are mother and daughter. Dhanya and Naveen were in a romantic relationship and without knowing this Suneer and Nalini fall in love and decide to live their life together. This creates a dilemma in Dhanya's life and she breaks up with Naveen.<ref name=ababu/><ref name=kt>{{cite journal |last1=IS |first1=Gopika |title=Mockumentary format gave me the chance to explore things thematically |journal=[[The Times of India]] |date=16 December 2024 |issue=Kochi Times}}</ref>

== Cast ==
*Pradeep Kumar - Suneer Muhammad
*Surya S - Nalini
*Kenshin - Naveen
*Gauthami Kaur - Dhanya
*Aromal T - Documentary Director
*Sherin Catherine - Stephy Susan
*Anil EP - Anil EP
*Abhilash Babu - Film Director

==Production==
Director Abhilash Babu, who had already made a film ''Aalokam'' in 2023, decided to meet people with his script and many came forward to support him through crowdfunding. Thus 'Maayunnu, Maarivarayunnu, Nisvaasangalil...' was launched. The film follows the format of a documentary or an interview and the film did not have any music score. It was completed with a budget of two lakhs fifty thousand with a shooting time of 13 hours.<ref>{{cite web |title=‘മായുന്നു, മാറിവരയുന്നു, നിശ്വാസങ്ങളിൽ’; പ്രിവ്യൂ ഷോ ഈ മാസം 29 ന് |url=https://www.kalakaumudi.com/malayalammovies/movie-update-4777650 |publisher=[[Kala Kaumudi]] |access-date=5 February 2025 |date=24 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=കേരളീയ മധ്യവർഗത്തെ ഡോക്യുമെന്റ് ചെയ്യുന്ന 'മായുന്നു, മാറിവരയുന്നു, നിശ്വാസങ്ങളിൽ...' |url=https://truecopythink.media/movies/director-abhilash-babu-talks-about-his-iffk-2024-movie-dust-art-redrawn-in-respiration |publisher=Truecopy Think Media |access-date=5 February 2025 |date=13 December 2024}}</ref> Actor Kenshin stated that, "during workshop, we were linking the characters with our own experiences, as if we took a particular route in our life at a particular point of time."<ref name=kt/>

==Accolades==

* Official Selection, Malayalam Cinema Today at the 29th [[International Film Festival of Kerala|IFFK]]<ref name=iffk/><ref>{{cite web |title=29th IFFK official selection: Two films in international category; ‘Kishkindha Kaandam’ in Malayalam cinema |url=https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/malayalam/29th-iffk-official-selection-two-films-in-international-category-kishkindha-kaandam-in-malayalam-cinema/ |publisher=The South First |access-date=8 March 2025 |date=16 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Malayalam films Feminichi Fathima and Appuram chosen for International Competition section of 29th IFFK |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/malayalam-films-feminichi-fathima-and-appuram-chosen-for-international-competition-section-in-iffk/article68756752.ece |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=8 March 2025 |date=15 October 2024}}</ref>
* Official Selection, Malayalam Cinema Category at the 8th Dialogue International Film Festival, Ottappalam.
* Official Selection, KUFF (Kerala University Film Festival), 2025
* Official Selection, Indian Cinema Now category, IEFFK, Kozhikode, 2025
* Official Selection RIFFK, Kozhikode, 2025
* Official Selection TIFF, Thalassery, 2025

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|32636348}}

[[Category:Indian comedy films]]
[[Category:Mockumentary films]]
[[Category:2024 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:2024 Indian films]]

C. K. Durga

2026-03-04T15:59:16Z

Shelia6340: Put up first pg w/ infobox

{{Short description|Indian surgeon and oncologist}}
{{Third-party|date=May 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = C. K. Durga
| image = The President, Shri Ram Nath Kovind presenting the Nari Shakti Puruskar for the year 2017 to Dr. C.K. Durga, New Delhi, at a function, on the occasion of the International Women’s Day, at Rashtrapati Bhavan, in New Delhi.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = C.K. Durga receiving [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]] for the year 2017 from President of India [[Ram Nath Kovind]] at [[Rashtrapati Bhavan]]
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| citizenship =
| education = [[MBBS]] [[M.S.]] (Surgery)
| alma_mater =
| occupation = [[Surgeon]], [[Oncologist]]
| years_active =
| known_for = Development of [[breast cancer]] surgery technique
| notable_works = 
| awards = [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]] (2018)
| website =
}}
'''C. K. Durga''' is an Indian surgeon and [[oncologist]]. She developed a [[breast cancer]] surgery technique that simultaneously removes the cancer and reconstructs the breast using the patient's own tissue,<ref name=Engineer2018>{{cite news |url=https://thebetterindia.com/133733/judge-doctor-scholar-conservationist-10-women-honored-rashtrapati-bhavan/ |title=Judge, Doctor, Scholar, Conservationist: 10 Women Honored at Rashtrapati Bhavan |first=Rayomand |last=Engineer |date=8 March 2018 |publisher=[[The Better India]] }}</ref> which has been widely adopted by surgeons worldwide. She is known for her contributions to women's health, particularly through her extensive research on breast cancer.<ref name=PIBindia>{{Cite twitter |number=971333598707032064 |user=PIB_India |title=Meet Dr. C.K. Durga, #NariShakti Puraskar 2017 awardee. She has contributed immensely in the field of women's health through her extensive research on Breast Cancer and developed a path-breaking technique in Breast Cancer Surgery |first=PIB India |date=7 March 2018 |access-date=31 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=[[Ministry of Women and Child Development|Ministry of Women & Child Development]] |date=10 March 2018 |title=Dr. C.K. Durga, Consultant, Professor & HOD (Surgery) at Dr.R.M.L Hospital. has done prolific work to counter Breast Cancer. Our #NariShakti Puraskar 2017 Awardee says, My passion towards my work keeps me going ! |url=https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1262855347192671 |access-date=31 May 2024 |work=[[Facebook]] |publisher=}}</ref>

She is the recipient of the 2018 [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]], India's highest civilian honour for women, given by the [[Government of India]].<ref name=Engineer2018/><ref name="NSP2017">{{cite news|title=Nari Shakti Puraskar|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nari-shakti-puraskar/articleshow/63203332.cms|date=7 March 2018|archive-date=11 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311214246/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nari-shakti-puraskar/articleshow/63203332.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-08|title=On International Women's Day, the President conferred the prestigious Nari Shakti Puraskars to 30 eminent women and 9 distinguished Institutions for the year 2017|url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive2/erelease.aspx?relid=177192|website=archive.pib.gov.in|archive-date=6 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506221047/https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive2/erelease.aspx?relid=177192|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Life and career ==
She obtained her [[MBBS]] and later completed her [[Master of Science|M.S.]] ([[Surgery]]) in 1981.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dr. C. K. Durga |url=https://rmlh.nic.in/WriteReadData/LINKS/contacts3803594952(1)9533751169%20%20%20202c5a7697-6c82-48af-b92e-3389797856a9.pdf |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=[[Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital]] |publisher=}}</ref> She began her career as a senior resident at [[Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital]] and later became a specialist in 1987.<ref>{{cite news |date=5 April 2017 |title=RML Hospital to get first woman as chief |url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/the-asian-age/20170405/282424169069518 |access-date=31 May 2024 |work=[[The Asian Age]] |publisher= |via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> Presently,{{When|date=May 2024}} she holds the position of Professor in Surgery at the [[Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research]] and serves as Consultant and Head of the Department of Surgery at [[Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital]], [[New Delhi]].{{fact|date=July 2025}} She also serves as Associate Editor of the ''Indian Journal of Surgery'' and is a Co-opted GC member of the Association of Surgeons of India from [[Delhi]] since 2018.<ref name="asi">{{cite web |title=Curriculum Vitae |url=https://asiindia.org/wp-content/uploads/dr-c-k-durga-bio.pdf |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=Association of Surgeons of India |publisher=}}</ref>

In 2017, Durga was elected as President of the Delhi Chapter of the Association of Surgeons of India.<ref>{{cite web |title=Past President Secretaries |url=https://asidelhi.com/past-presidents-secretaries.html |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=Association of Surgeons of India}}</ref> She received the Best State Chapter award by the Association of Surgeons of India the same year.<ref name=asi/> She has mentored numerous students in cancer research and conducted awareness programs designed to enhance the quality of life for cancer patients.<ref name=PIBindia/>
{{portal|India|Medicine}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HheO7sQC5OY CK Durga - Nari Shakti Awardee] (Video released by [[Ministry of Women & Child Development]])

{{Nari Shakti Puraskar}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Durga, CK}}
[[Category:20th-century Indian surgeons]]
[[Category:Indian oncologists]]
[[Category:Women surgeons]]
[[Category:Women oncologists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Nari Shakti Puraskar winners]]
[[Category:Medical educators]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women scientists]]
[[Category:Indian women medical researchers]]
[[Category:Indian medical researchers]]
[[Category:Medical doctors from Delhi]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian surgeons]]

Aatli Baatmi Futli

2026-03-04T09:32:00Z

Shelia6340: Done

{{short description|2025 Indian Marathi film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Aatli Baatmi Futli
| caption = Aatli Baatmi Futli Poster
| director = Vishal P Gandhi Jainesh Ijarda
| producer = Grieshma Advani Vishal P Gandhi Amman Advani
| writer =
| story = Jainesh Ijarda
| screenplay = Jeevak Ambadas Muntode Amman Advani Jainesh Ijarda Vishal P Gandhi
| starring = [[Rohini Hattangadi]] [[Mohan Agashe]] [[Siddharth Jadhav]] Vijay Nikam [[Bharat Ganeshpure]]
| music = Agnel Roman
| cinematography = Amit Suresh Kodoth
| editing = Ravi Chauhan
| studio = Veejee Films
| released = {{Film date|2025|09|19|India}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Marathi
}}

'''''Aatli Baatmi Futli''''' is a 2025 Indian [[Marathi cinema|Marathi-language]] [[Mystery film|mystery thriller]] directed by Vishal P. Gandhi and Jinesh Ijardar, produced by Vishal P. Gandhi and Grieshma Advani under Veejee Films.<ref>{{cite web |title=‘मास्टर’ मोहन आगाशे आणि ‘ब्लास्टर’ सिद्धार्थ जाधव एकत्र |website=Free Press Journal |url=https://marathi.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/aatli-baatmi-footli-marathi-movie-2025 |date=25 April 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=मोहन आगाशे आणि रोहिणी हट्टगंडी पहिल्यांदाच एकत्र |website=Lokshahi |url=https://www.lokshahi.com/news/mohan-agashe-and-rohini-hattangadi-will-be-seen-together-for-the-first-time-in-the-film-aatli-batmi-phutli |date=16 April 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='आतली बातमी फुटली'चं धमाकेदार टीझर रिलीज, चाहत्यांनी केलं कौतुक...|website=Etv Bharat|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/mr/!entertainment/marathi-movie-aatli-batmi-phutli-official-teaser-released-maharashtra-news-mhs25042901939 |date=29 April 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref>

== Plot ==
On the run from the police, desperate accidental criminal Sachin ducks into what he thinks is an empty room in a crumbling [[Mumbai]] [[chawl]]. He soon discovers the room is already occupied by a deranged old man plotting his wife's murder.<ref>{{cite web |title=‘AATLI BATMI FUTLI' teaser launched with a twist; release date announced |website=E-Sakal |url=https://www.esakal.com/premier/aatli-batmi-futli-films-quirky-teaser-released-release-date-also-revealed-psn14 |date=15 July 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref>

== Cast ==
* [[Mohan Agashe]] as Bhaskar Wankhede
* [[Rohini Hattangadi]] as Savita Wankhede
* [[Siddharth Jadhav]]<ref>{{cite web |title=सिद्धार्थ जाधवच्या डोक्यावर कोणी ठेवलीय बंदूक, आतली बातमी फुटणार? भानगड नेमकी आहे तरी काय|website=[[Maharashtra Times]]|url=https://marathi.indiatimes.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/aatli-batmi-futli-marathi-movie-cast-mohan-agashe-and-rohini-hattangadi-siddharth-jadhav-poster-viral/articleshow/120548522.cms|date=23 April 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> as Sachin
* Vijay Nikam<ref>{{cite web |date=3 May 2025 |title='आतली बातमी फुटली' मध्ये दिसणार ‘टायगरभाई’ |url=https://prahaar.in/2025/05/03/tigerbhai-will-be-seen-in-aathi-batmi-futli/ |access-date=6 September 2025 |website=Prahaar}}</ref> as Tiger Bhai
* [[Bharat Ganeshpure]] as Police Inspector Gore
* Ananda Karekar as Patil Kaka
* [[Pritam Kagne]] as Lalita
* [[Treesha Thosar]] as Meenu
* Amol Kagne as Amol
* Amir Tadwalkar as Simon

== Release ==
The film was theatrically released on 19 September 2025.<ref>{{cite web |title=‘आतली बातमी फुटली’ चित्रपटाचा रंजक टिझर प्रदर्शित, मोहन आगाशे आणि रोहिणी हट्टगंडी पहिल्यांदाच एकत्र |website=Navarashtra |url=https://www.navarashtra.com/movies/marathi/mohan-agashe-rohini-hattangadi-first-time-together-in-aatli-batmi-putali-release-teaser-930844.html |date=15 July 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Atali Batami Futali Movie News आतली बातमी फुटलीची टीम न्यूज 18 लोकमतच्या बाप्पाच्या भेटीला N18V|website=[[News 18]] |url=https://lokmat.news18.com/videos/video/atali-batami-futali-movie-news-inside-news-futali-team-news-18-lokmat-s-bappa-s-visit-n18v-1073383.html |date=5 September 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-18 |title=Aatli Baatmi Futli Marathi Film Box Office Collection Day 1, hit or flop? |url=https://mediahindustan.com/aatli-baatmi-futli-marathi-film-box-office-collection-day-1-hit-or-flop/ |access-date=2025-09-19 |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Reception ==
Nandini Ramnath of ''[[Scroll.in]]'' wrote "the 114-minute movie lacks the smartness needed to carry off what could have been an interesting comedy of errors. There isn’t enough comedy and far too many errors while following two intersecting plot strands: Sachin’s plight, and the couple’s situation."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramnath |first=Nandini |date=2025-09-19 |title=‘Aatli Batmi Futlii’ review: Seasoned actors in an amateurish drama |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1086667/aatli-batmi-futlii-review-seasoned-actors-in-an-amateurish-drama |access-date=2026-01-01 |website=Scroll.in |language=en}}</ref>

A review at [[Film Information]] was critical of the overall production and only mildly praised the music.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-19 |title=‘AATLI BAATMI FUTLI’ (MARATHI) REVIEW {{!}} 19 September, 2025 |url=https://filminformation.com/reviews/aatli-baatmi-futli-marathi-review-19-september-2025/ |access-date=2025-09-19 |website=Film Information |language=en-US}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|37593934}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Aatli Baatmi Futli}}
[[Category:2025 films]]
[[Category:2025 Marathi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian thriller films]]

Samsaram Adhu Minsaram

2026-03-04T09:27:47Z

Shelia6340: added some data initial version.

{{short description|1986 film directed by Visu}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Samsaram Adhu Minsaram.jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Visu]]
| writer = Visu
| based_on = {{based on|''Uravukku Kai Koduppom''|Visu}}
| producer = [[M. Saravanan (producer)|M. Saravanan]] M. Balasubramanian
| starring = [[Samsaram Adhu Minsaram#Cast|See ''Cast'']]
| cinematography = N. Balakrishnan
| editing = A. Paul Duraisingam
| music = [[Shankar–Ganesh]]
| studio = [[AVM Productions]]
| released = {{Film date|1986|07|18|df=y}}
| runtime = 145 minutes{{Sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|page=477}}
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| budget = ₹1.5 million
}}

'''''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram''''' ({{Translation|Family is like electricity}}) is a 1986 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] produced by [[AVM Productions]], and written and directed by [[Visu]]. He also stars in an [[ensemble cast]] including [[Lakshmi (actress)|Lakshmi]], [[Vagai Chandrasekhar|Chandrasekhar]], [[Kishmu]], [[Raghuvaran]], [[Delhi Ganesh]], [[Ilavarasi]], [[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]], [[Madhuri (Tamil actress)|Madhuri]], [[Kamala Kamesh]], [[R. Dilip|Dilip]] and [[Master Haja Sheriff|Haja Sheriff]]. The film revolves around the splintering of a [[Extended family|joint family]], and the efforts made by the patriarch's eldest daughter-in-law to reunite them.

The story of ''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram'' was inspired by Visu's play ''Uravukku Kai Koduppom'' ({{Translation|We shall support relations}}), which had already been adapted into a [[Uravukku Kai Koduppom|1975 film]]. Despite the failure of the 1975 film, the producer [[M. Saravanan (producer)|M. Saravanan]] liked the story, so it was reinvented into ''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram''. The film was made on a then [[low-budget film|shoestring budget]] of ₹1.5 million, and the whole crew worked for 35 days. The cinematography was handled by N. Balakrishnan and the editing was done by A. Paul Duraisingham.

''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram'' released on 18 July 1986. The film received critical acclaim and ran for 25 weeks in theatres. It won the [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]] (the first Tamil film to do so), the [[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil|Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Film]], three [[Cinema Express Awards]] (including [[Cinema Express Award for Best Film – Tamil|Best Tamil Film]] and [[Cinema Express Award for Best Actress – Tamil|Best Tamil Actress]] for Lakshmi) and the Filmfans Association Awards for Best Film. In 1987, the film was remade in [[Hindi]] as ''[[Sansar (1987 film)|Sansar]]'', in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] as ''[[Samsaram Oka Chadarangam]]'', in [[Kannada]] as ''Onde Goodina Hakkigalu'' and in [[Malayalam]] as ''[[Kudumbapuranam]]''.

== Plot ==
Ammaiyappan Mudaliar, a Government Clerk in Madras, lives with his wife Godavari, his 4 children Chidambaram, a Junior Officer; Siva, a Mechanic; Sarojini, a Vainglory a Steno; and Bharathi, a Useless Fellow who Failed 12th Grade 3 times and he is Repeating 12th Grade for the 4th time; and Chidambaram's wife Uma. As Ammaiyappan struggles to manage the needs of his [[Extended family|joint family]] with his meagre income, Ammaiyappan's 2 employed sons Chidambaram and Siva supplement it with their monetary contributions. Ammaiyappan plans to get Sarojini married and invites the prospective groom's family for a meeting.

The conceited Sarojini rebukes the guests and declares her plan to marry her colleague Peter Fernandes. The entire family initially opposes her decision as Ammaiyappan's family are [[Hinduism|Hindus]] and Peter is a [[Christianity in Tamil Nadu|Christian]]. Ammaiyappan meets with Peter's father, Albert Fernandes, and realises that they are honest people, and both families ultimately agree on Peter's and Sarojini's wedding. Ammaiyappan meets and apologises to the rejected groom's father. Impressed with Ammaiyappan and his family, he offers to get his daughter Vasantha's wedding to Siva. Weddings of Peter and Sarojini, Siva and Vasantha takes place happily. Uma is pregnant, Uma goes to her parents home at Bombay to deliver her baby.

Bharathi Fails 12th Grade for the 4th time and he is beaten severely by Siva. Later, when Bharathi repeats 12th Grade for the 5th time he tries to Pass 12th Grade within a year and he seeks help from Vasantha, a graduate. But within weeks, Vasantha struggles to adjust to the new environment as she gets little privacy to be with Siva. Bharathi seeks her help for tutoring even late at night, and the family chores keep her busy in the day so Vasantha is unable to cope. After a fight happened between Siva and Vasantha at Siva's home, One early morning Vasantha returns to her father's home without informing anyone. The same early morning Sarojini returns to Ammaiyappan's home after a fight happened between Peter and Sarojini at Peter's home as Sarojini prioritises socialising over domestic responsibilities. Siva visits Vasantha's father, who is criticising Vasantha. The duo then walks home when Siva tells Vasantha to wait a few more months for privacy or let go of him. Vasantha returns to Siva's home while Siva leaves for work.

That same day, Chidambaram halves his monthly contribution to the family, during Uma's absence. An argument happens between Ammaiyappan and Chidambaram. Upset with Chidambaram's tightfistedness on spending money for his parents and his siblings, Ammaiyappan orders Chidambaram to leave the house. In turn, Chidambaram demands the {{INR}}18000 he had spent for Peter's and Sarojini's wedding with interest for Chidambaram to leave the house. Deeply insulted, Ammaiyappan draws Lakshman Rekha dividing the house into 2 halves, and Ammaiyappan announces that neither side should cross it or communicate with members of the other side. Ammaiyappan also declares Chidambaram's family has to reside on one side of the house, and Ammaiyappan will pay a net sum of {{INR}}20000 within 12 months for Chidambaram to leave the house. The only person with access to both sides of the house is maidservant of the house, Kannamma.

Uma returns to Chidambaram's home at Madras with her newborn baby and she is shocked by the developments at home. Uma is sad to see Sarojini back and an unhappy Vasantha. Uma takes the help of Albert and Kannamma to reunite Peter and Sarojini and Uma advises Siva to take Vasantha on a sojourn to rejuvenate his relationship with his wife. Bharathi also Passes 12th Grade. Though the problems are sorted out, Uma is upset that her brothers-in-law are still abiding by their father's order and not talking to her. Kannamma cajoles Ammaiyappan not to be very adamant and forgive his son.

Meanwhile, Chidambaram ends up spending more money per head for his small family after the division than he allocated when they were together with the extended family. So Chidambaram reconsiders his decision to live separately and decides to reunite with his father. However, Uma disagrees, as once a bond is broken for the sake of money, it cannot be restored to its original state. Uma states that Ammaiyappan's family and Chidambaram's family may not rejoin for the sake of money, and any bond should be based on unconditional love. Uma recommends Ammaiyappan's family and Chidambaram's family living separately but on talking terms, celebrating weekends and festivals as the best way to live peacefully, to which Chidambaram agrees, and Chidambaram, Uma, and their Child move out of Ammaiyappan's home the same evening.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Lakshmi (actress)|Lakshmi]] as Uma<ref name="Appave" />
* [[Vagai Chandrasekhar|Chandrasekhar]] as Siva<ref name="Appave" />
* [[Kishmu]] as Albert Fernandes<ref name="SouthScope" />
* [[Raghuvaran]] as Chidambaram<ref name="Appave" />
* [[Delhi Ganesh]] as Vasantha's father<ref name="Vikatan" />
* [[Ilavarasi]] as Sarojini<ref name="Appave" />
* [[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]] as Kannamma<ref name="SouthScope" />
* [[Madhuri (Tamil actress)|Madhuri]] as Vasantha<ref name="Appave" />
* [[Kamala Kamesh]] as Godavari<ref name="Appave" />
* [[R. Dilip|Dilip]] as Peter Fernandes<ref name="Appave" />
* [[Master Haja Sheriff|Haja Sheriff]] as Bharathi<ref name="Appave" />
* [[Omakuchi Narasimhan]] as Matchmaker
*[[Visu]] as Ammaiyappan Mudaliar{{Sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|page=477}}
}}

== Production ==
After writing ''[[Nallavanukku Nallavan]]'' (1984) for [[AVM Productions]], [[Visu]] told [[M. Saravanan (producer)|M. Saravanan]] of AVM his wish that they finance his next film. Saravanan agreed and stipulated that Visu work exclusively on that film till completion. Visu narrated some stories, but Saravanan was not pleased with any of them;<ref name="demise" /> he wanted a "neat family story", similar to Visu's earlier films like ''[[Kudumbam Oru Kadambam]]'' (1981). Visu narrated the story that would later be titled ''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram'', and an impressed Saravanan asked why he had not done so before. He replied that the story was derived from his play ''Uravukku Kai Koduppom'', which had already been adapted into a [[Uravukku Kai Koduppom|1975 film]] produced by [[K. S. Gopalakrishnan]] that was not successful.{{sfn|Saravanan|2013|p=290}} However, since Saravanan liked the story, he said they could reinvent it and bought it from Gopalakrishnan.{{sfn|Saravanan|2013|p=291}} [[Kamala Kamesh]] was cast as Visu's wife; she had played the female lead role in the play, but that character was played by [[Lakshmi (actress)|Lakshmi]] in the film adaptation.<ref>{{Cite web |last=சனா |date=25 March 2020 |title=''விசுவோட மூணு பொண்ணுங்க இறுதி சடங்குக்கு வந்தாங்களானுகூட தெரியல!'' - கமலா கண்ணீர் |url=https://cinema.vikatan.com/kollywood/actress-kamala-kamesh-shares-her-work-experience-with-visu |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512123736/https://cinema.vikatan.com/kollywood/actress-kamala-kamesh-shares-her-work-experience-with-visu |archive-date=12 May 2023 |access-date=12 May 2023 |website=[[Ananda Vikatan]] |language=ta}}</ref>

The character of the maidservant Kannamma, played by [[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]], was created specifically for the film by Visu, at Saravanan's insistence; Visu was initially reluctant, feeling the comical character would dilute the story.{{sfn|Saravanan|2013|pp=292–293}} When titling the film, Visu came up with roughly twelve titles and asked Saravanan which one he liked. Saravanan chose ''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram'', because he felt it was filled with "freshness".{{sfn|Saravanan|2013|p=293}} The film was made on a then [[low-budget film|shoestring budget]] of {{INRConvert|1.5|m|year=1986}} and the whole crew worked for 35 days and exposed {{convert|34000|ft}} of film.{{sfn|Saravanan|2013|p=295}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=14 August 2007 |title=From Naam Iruvar to Sivaji |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/From-Naam-Iruvar-to-Sivaji/article20172839.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191006163158/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/From-Naam-Iruvar-to-Sivaji/article20172839.ece |archive-date=6 October 2019 |access-date=6 October 2019 |work=[[Business Line]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=சரவணன் |first=ஏவி.எம். |author-link=M. Saravanan (producer) |date=24 July 2005 |title=எம்.ஜி.ஆர். ஏமாற்றுவாரா ? |url=https://archive.org/download/kalki2005-07-24/kalki2005-07-24.pdf |access-date=12 May 2023 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |pages=60–63 |language=Ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> The filming was held at a home specifically created inside [[AVM Studios]] which was built within three months as AVM "decided to build a real house rather than use a temporary set".<ref>{{cite web |last=Kandavel |first=Sangeetha |date=19 August 2025 |title=AVM studios in Chennai: the muse for South Indian film industry |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-muse-for-south-indian-film-industry/article69941460.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250819024828/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-muse-for-south-indian-film-industry/article69941460.ece |archive-date=19 August 2025 |access-date=2 September 2025 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> Cinematography was handled by N. Balakrishnan, and editing by A. Paul Duraisingham.<ref name="NFA" /> It was filmed using [[ORWO]]colour, to reduce production costs.<ref name="unassuming" />

== Themes ==
Visu stated that ''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram'' was inspired by his upbringing in a joint family, saying that by growing up in such an environment, he observed how each person had a different opinion: "It wasn't bad, just that we were different. I wondered, ‘Wouldn't other joint families have similar issues?’ So I started writing scripts that reflect the day-to-day scenario in a joint family" such as this.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Roshne |first=B |date=9 July 2016 |title=Looking back at the golden years |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2016/jul/09/looking-back-at-the-golden-years-878725.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224101733/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2016/jul/09/Looking-back-at-the-golden-years-878725.html |archive-date=24 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020 |work=[[The New Indian Express]] |pages=2}}</ref> The children of Ammaiyappan are named after historical figures, primarily those involved in fighting for [[Indian independence movement|India's independence]] from the [[British Raj]] such as Chidambaran ([[V. O. Chidambaram Pillai]]), Siva ([[Subramaniya Siva]]), Sarojini ([[Sarojini Naidu]]) and Bharathi ([[Subramania Bharati]]).<ref name="Appave" /> According to S. Srivatsan of ''[[The Hindu]]'', the characters of ''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram'' "deliver a larger point on familial values without romanticising the social conditions in which they live". He also felt that, despite the main plot being about the conflict between Ammaiyappan and Chidambaram, Uma is the "nucleus" of the film, and "the rest of the characters are treated as protons and neutrons, orbiting around Uma".<ref>{{Cite news |last=S |first=Srivatsan |date=24 March 2020 |title=A tribute to Visu: How Lakshmi was the moral centre of 'Samsaram Adhu Minsaram' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/samsaram-adhu-minsaram-tribute-piece/article31154295.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325072244/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/samsaram-adhu-minsaram-tribute-piece/article31154295.ece |archive-date=25 March 2020 |access-date=25 March 2020 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[Shankar–Ganesh]], with lyrics by [[Vairamuthu]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 1986 |title=Samsaram Athu Minsaram (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) – EP |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/samsaram-athu-minsaram-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/854483310 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200225062425/https://music.apple.com/us/album/samsaram-athu-minsaram-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/854483310 |archive-date=25 February 2020 |access-date=25 February 2020 |website=[[Apple Music]]}}</ref> Shankar–Ganesh reused the song "Oora Therinjukitten" from [[Padikkadavan (1985 film)|''Padikkadavan'']] which was composed by [[Ilaiyaraaja]] and sung by [[K. J. Yesudas]].{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Janaki Devi
| extra1 = [[K. S. Chithra]]
| length1 = 4:09
| title2 = Azhagiya Anni
| extra2 = [[P. Jayachandran]], [[P. Susheela]]
| length2 = 4:04
| title3 = Samsaram Adhu Minsaram
| extra3 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| length3 = 6:05
| title4 = Katti Karumbe Kanna
| extra4 = [[Vani Jairam]]
| length4 = 4:59
| title5 = Oora Therinjukitten
| extra5 = [[Malaysia Vasudevan]]
| length5 = 3:56
| total_length = 23:13 
}}

== Release ==
''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram'' was released on 18 July 1986.{{sfn|Saravanan|2013|p=289}} and ran for 25 weeks in theatres, becoming a [[silver jubilee hit]]. Distributors received profits worth 10 times the buying price.<ref name="demise" /> [[M. G. Ramachandran]], then the [[Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu]], was the chief guest for the silver jubilee function.<ref name="unassuming" />{{sfn|Saravanan|2013|pp=299–300}}

=== Critical reception ===
The film received critical acclaim.<ref name="unassuming" /> ''[[Ananda Vikatan]]'', in its review dated 27 July 1986, said Visu had moved into his domain of middle-class family issues based films and brought out an excellent film, calling it a tasty food from AVM.<ref name="Vikatan" /> [[Subha (writers)|Jayamanmadhan]] of ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' wrote that one thing was very clear: Visu's handed over [[Masala film|masala]] was a family story.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=ஜெயமன்மதன் |author-link=Subha (writers) |date=10 August 1986 |title=சம்சாரம் அது மின்சாரம் |url=https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1986/aug/10-08-1986/p11.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220729123500/https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1986/aug/10-08-1986/p11.jpg |archive-date=29 July 2022 |access-date=17 July 2022 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=11 |language=ta}}</ref> Balumani of ''Anna'' praised acting and Visu's direction and appreciated him for giving an amazing family drama.<ref>{{Cite news |last=பாலுமணி |date=27 July 1986 |title=சம்சாரம் அது மின்சாரம் |url=https://images.eap.bl.uk/EAP372/EAP372_6_23_10_263/4.jp2/full/1000,1364/0/default.jpg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250709040539/https://images.eap.bl.uk/EAP372/EAP372_6_23_10_263/4.jp2/full/1000,1364/0/default.jpg |archive-date=9 July 2025 |access-date=9 July 2025 |work=Anna |pages=4 |language=Ta |via=[[Endangered Archives Programme]]}}</ref>

=== Accolades ===
''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram'' was the first Tamil film to win the [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]].<ref name="demise" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=20 September 1987 |title=Samsaram Adhu Minsaram |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19870920&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=1 March 2021 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=7 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+
|-
! Event !! Category !! Recipient !! {{Abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Cinema Express Awards]]
| [[Cinema Express Award for Best Film – Tamil|Best Film – Tamil]]
| [[M. Saravanan (producer)|M. Saravanan]]
| rowspan="3" style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |date=13 April 1987 |title=Cine artists asked to broaden talents |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=y4plAAAAIBAJ&pg=787%2C2870744 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231010041948/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=y4plAAAAIBAJ&pg=787%2C2870744 |archive-date=10 October 2023 |access-date=1 March 2021 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=3 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |date=27 February 1987 |title=Cinema Express awards for 1986 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19870227&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=13 May 2021 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=3 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
|-
|[[Cinema Express Award for Best Actress – Tamil|Best Actress – Tamil]]
| [[Lakshmi (actress)|Lakshmi]]
|-
| Special Recommendation
| [[Visu]]
|-
| [[Filmfare Awards South]]
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil|Best Film – Tamil]]|| M. Saravanan
| style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 July 1987 |title=Filmfare awards announced |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19870717&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=3 May 2020 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=5 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
|-
|Filmfans Association Awards
|Best Film
|M. Saravanan
| style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=AVM Awards |url=http://avm.in/awards.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911195925/http://www.avm.in/awards.html |archive-date=11 September 2011 |access-date=3 August 2011 |website=[[AVM Productions]]}}</ref>
|-
| [[National Film Awards]]
| [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment|Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]]
| M. Saravanan
| style="text-align: center;" |<ref name="NFA" />
|}

== Remakes ==
{|class="wikitable"
!Year
!Title
!Language
!{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| rowspan="3" |1987
|''[[Samsaram Oka Chadarangam]]''
|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=முத்துராமன் |first=எஸ். பி. |author-link=S. P. Muthuraman |date=11 May 2016 |title=சினிமா எடுத்துப் பார் 57: 'கம்முன்னு கெட'! |trans-title=Try making a film 57: Keep Quiet |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/supplements/hindu-talkies/82458-57.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191006161939/https://www.hindutamil.in/news/supplements/hindu-talkies/82458-57.html |archive-date=6 October 2019 |access-date=6 October 2019 |work=[[Hindu Tamil Thisai]] |language=ta}}</ref>
|-
|''Onde Goodina Hakkigalu''
|[[Kannada]]
|{{Sfn|Arunachalam|2020|page=932}}
|-
|''[[Sansar (1987 film)|Sansar]]''
|[[Hindi]]
|{{Sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|page=477}}
|-
|1988
|''[[Kudumbapuranam]]''
|[[Malayalam]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2021 |title=10 Remakes From Other Languages That Worked In Malayalam |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/malayalam-features/malayalam-movies-remakes-from-tamil-hindi-kannada-cocktail-happy-husbands-medulla-oblongata/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809081754/https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/malayalam-features/malayalam-movies-remakes-from-tamil-hindi-kannada-cocktail-happy-husbands-medulla-oblongata/ |archive-date=9 August 2021 |access-date=4 October 2021 |website=[[Film Companion]]}}</ref>
|}

== Legacy ==
One of the most famous scenes in ''Samsaram Adhu Minsaram'' was that where Kannamma and Albert Fernandes enact a drama to reunite Sarojini and Peter.<ref name="SouthScope" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 October 2015 |title=The Best Films of Manorama |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/the-best-films-of-manorama/20151012.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820154627/https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/the-best-films-of-manorama/20151012.htm |archive-date=20 August 2019 |access-date=3 March 2020 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="Appave">{{Cite news |last=Ramji |first=V. |date=18 July 2019 |title=அப்பவே அப்படி கதை: 'சம்சாரம் அது மின்சாரம்' |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/cinema/tamil-cinema/507661-article-about-samsaram-athu-minsaram.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200224085237/https://www.hindutamil.in/news/cinema/tamil-cinema/507661-article-about-samsaram-athu-minsaram.html |archive-date=24 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020 |work=[[Hindu Tamil Thisai]] |language=ta}}</ref>
<ref name="SouthScope">{{Cite magazine |date=July 2010 |title=Junk Mail |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y52yT4yniywC&q=albert+fernandez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228064839/https://books.google.com/books?id=Y52yT4yniywC&q=albert+fernandez |archive-date=28 February 2022 |access-date=16 September 2020 |magazine=[[South Scope]] |page=9}}</ref>
<ref name="unassuming">{{Cite news |last=Krishnaswamy |first=N. |date=20 March 1987 |title=Celebrating AVM's Visu's unassuming hit |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=zINlAAAAIBAJ&pg=634%2C1111980 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231010041949/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=zINlAAAAIBAJ&pg=634,1111980 |archive-date=10 October 2023 |access-date=16 September 2020 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=14 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}</ref>
<ref name="NFA">{{Cite web |title=34th National Film Award Catalogue |url=https://dff.nic.in/images/Documents/83_34thNfacatalogue.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227063045/https://dff.nic.in/images/Documents/83_34thNfacatalogue.pdf |archive-date=27 February 2020 |access-date=27 February 2020 |publisher=[[Directorate of Film Festivals]] |pages=14, 120}}</ref>
<ref name="Vikatan">{{Cite magazine |date=27 July 1986 |title=சம்சாரம் அது மின்சாரம் |magazine=[[Ananda Vikatan]] |language=ta}}</ref>
<ref name="demise">{{Cite news |date=23 March 2020 |title=Visu's demise: Celebs share their memories |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/visus-demise-celebs-share-their-memories/articleshow/74776812.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200325074720/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/visus-demise-celebs-share-their-memories/articleshow/74776812.cms |archive-date=25 March 2020 |access-date=25 March 2020 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
</references>

== Bibliography ==
*{{Cite book |last=Arunachalam |first=Param |title=BollySwar 1981–1990 |publisher=Mavrix Infotech |year=2020 |isbn=978-8193848227}}
*{{Cite book |last=Rajadhyaksha |first=Ashish |author-link=Ashish Rajadhyaksha |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema |last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |author-link2=Paul Willemen |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] and [[Oxford University Press]] |year=1998 |isbn=0-19-563579-5 |orig-date=1994}}
*{{Cite book |last=Saravanan |first=M. |author-link=M. Saravanan (producer) |title=AVM 60 Cinema |publisher=Rajarajan Pathippagam |year=2013 |edition=3rd |oclc=1158347612 |orig-date=2005}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}

{{AVM Productions}}
{{Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil}}
{{National Film Award Wholesome Entertainment}}
{{Visu}}

[[Category:1986 Indian films]]
[[Category:1986 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1986 drama films]]
[[Category:1986 films]]
[[Category:AVM Productions films]]
[[Category:Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Films about dysfunctional families]]
[[Category:Films directed by Visu]]
[[Category:Films scored by Shankar–Ganesh]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Visu]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Indian films based on plays]]
[[Category:Tamil films remade in other languages]]
[[Category:Tamil-language drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Maya (2001 film)

2026-03-03T06:15:13Z

Shelia6340: added details for clarity and improved wording

{{short description|2001 film by Digvijay Singh}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Maya (2001 film).jpg
| caption = DVD cover
| director = Digvijay Singh
| producer = {{ubl|Emmanuel Pappas|Dileep Singh Rathore|Raj Singh}}
| writer = {{ubl|Emmanuel Pappas|Digvijay Singh}}
| narrator =
| starring = {{ubl|[[Nitya Shetty]]|[[Mita Vasisht]]|[[Anant Nag]]|Nikhil Yadav}}
| music = {{ubl|Manesh Judge|Noor Lodhi}}
| cinematography = Mark Lapwood
| editing = Bridget Lyon
| distributor = Kundalini Pictures
| released = {{film date|df=y|2001|09|07|India|2002|1|16|US}}
| runtime = 105 minutes
| country = India Australia
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Maya''''' is a 2001 [[Hindi]]-language [[Coming-of-age story|coming-of-age]] [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] directed by Digvijay Singh with [[Nitya Shetty]], [[Mita Vashisht]], [[Anant Nag]] and Nikhil Yadav in lead roles. The film is an Indo-Australian co-production.

==Plot==
Sanjay (Nikhil Yadav) and his cousin Maya (Nitya Shetty) are carefree 12-year-old village kids. They spend their days creating trouble, throwing rocks, and stealing sweets. They are gently scolded but loved by Sanjay's mother (Mita Vasisht) and father (Anant Nag). Their life is idyllic and warm.

But when Maya reaches [[puberty]] and has her first period, everything changes in the space of just a few days. The family heads to the neighboring village of Maya's parents to prepare for a mysterious ritual rape ceremony marking Maya's transition to womanhood. Maya, who only dimly understands what is happening to her, is told that she is no longer a child and discouraged from her familiar play with Sanjay. Sanjay, with even less understanding, fights against the separation from his playmate and acts out, angering his father. Then, when the day of the ritual arrives, over the terrified protests of Sanjay, Maya is subjected to the trauma of ritual rape in the temple, which is truly shocking and horrible.<ref name="DVD">{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/14491/maya/|title=Maya|publisher=DVD Talk|accessdate=21 July 2015|date=16 February 2005|last=Jones|first=Preston}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chaosmag.in/digvijay.html|title=Maya|publisher=Chaos Mag|accessdate=21 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080302014454/http://www.chaosmag.in/digvijay.html|archive-date=2 March 2008}}</ref>

==Cast==
*[[Anant Nag]] as Arun
*[[Mita Vasisht]] as Lakshmi
*[[Nithya Shetty|Nitya Shetty]] as Maya
*Nikhil Yadav as Sanjay
*[[Veerendra Saxena]] as Priest
*Mukesh Bhatt as Ganesh
*Shilpa Navalkar as Mridu
*Shreechand Makhija as Candyman

==Reception==
Eddie Cockrell of ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' wrote, "A horrific cultural ceremony lurks around the corner for a well-to-do and seemingly happy Indian family in Digvijay Singh's sunny but sinister <nowiki>'</nowiki>''Maya'',<nowiki>'</nowiki> an undeniably powerful story of officially sanctioned child abuse made all the more ghastly by its apparent accuracy".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cockrell |first=Eddie |date=2001-09-07 |title=Maya |url=https://variety.com/2001/film/reviews/maya-1200470038/ |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|language=en|access-date=5 February 2026}}</ref>

Preston Jones of ''DVD Talk'' wrote, "While the first hour of Maya is relatively light-hearted and engaging, the final 40 minutes are brutal. The rape sequence (Maya is between 12 and 13 years old) isn't explicitly depicted, but the expressionistic way in which it's handled still thoroughly disturbs".<ref name="DVD"/>

Travis Mackenzie Hoover of ''Film Freak Central'' rated the film three out of four stars and wrote, "''Maya'' is a surprisingly natural movie that could have easily degenerated into histrionics. Despite dealing with an outlawed but still-active Indian ceremony in which newly-pubescent girls are raped, it never resorts to sensationalistic horror".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://filmfreakcentral.net/2002/04/maya-2001/|title=Maya (2001)|first=Travis Mackenzie |last=Hoover |date=7 April 2002|access-date=5 February 2026|work=Film Freak Central}}</ref>

==Accolades==
*Toronto International Film Festival 2001 | 1st Runner-Up People's Choice Award
*Montreal World Film Festival | Nominated – Grand Prix De Amerique
*Flanders International Film Festival | Nominated Golden Spur and Winner Critics Mention – Music
*Chicago International Film Festival | Critics Special Mention – Nitya Shetty & Nikhal Yadav
*25th Asian American International Film Festival | Remy Martin Emerging Director of 2002
*Australian Cinematography Society | GOLD Award & Distinction for Cinematography
<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maya |url=http://kundalinipictures.com/nav.php?page=maya |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250908212347/http://kundalinipictures.com/nav.php?page=maya |archive-date=8 September 2025 |website=Kundalini Pictures |access-date=5 February 2026 }}</ref>

== References ==
<references/>

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}

[[Category:2000s coming-of-age drama films]]
[[Category:2001 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2001 drama films]]
[[Category:2001 films]]
[[Category:Films about rape in India]]
[[Category:Films about women in India]]
[[Category:Hindi-language drama films]]
[[Category:Indian coming-of-age drama films]]

Sanjiv Verenkar

2026-03-02T08:06:15Z

Shelia6340: added initial entry first draft.

{{Short description|Indian poet (1959–2023)}}
{{More citations needed|date=March 2026}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Sanjiv Verenkar
| image = Poet-journalist Sanjiv Verenkar, Goa.jpg
| caption = Verenkar in 2014
| birth_date = 1959
| birth_place = [[Savoi-Verem]], [[Goa]], India
| death_date = {{death date and age|2023|03|18|1959|df=yes}}
| death_place = Goa, India
| occupation = [[Poet]], [[journalist]]
| language = [[Konkani language|Konkani]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| education = Smt. Parvatibai Chowgule College
| notable_works = ''Raktachandan'' (poetry collection)
| awards = [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] (2021)
| spouse =
| children = 2
}}
'''Sanjiv Verenkar''' (1959 – 18 March 2023) was an Indian poet and journalist known for his contributions to [[Konkani literature]]. He was a recipient of the [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] for his poetry collection ''Raktachandan'', which explored themes of social struggle and human suffering.<ref name="TOI_Death">{{Cite news |last=Unni |first=Vinaya |date=2023-03-18 |title=Konkani poet and Sahitya Akademi awardee Sanjiv Verenkar dies |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/konkani-poet-and-sahitya-akademi-awardee-sanjiv-verenkar-dies/articleshow/98749530.cms |access-date=2025-12-31 |work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref name="TOI_Award">{{Cite news |date=2021-12-31 |title=Poet Verenkar, who brought alive pain, suffering wins Sahitya Akademi award |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/poet-verenkar-who-brought-alive-pain-suffering-wins-sahitya-akademi-award/articleshow/88601113.cms |access-date=2025-12-31 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Verenkar was born in 1959 in the village of [[Savoi-Verem]] in [[Ponda taluka]], Goa.<ref name="Prudent_Tribute" /> He attended A. J. de Almeida High School in [[Ponda, Goa|Ponda]] and later completed his higher education at Smt. Parvatibai Chowgule College in [[Margao]].{{cn|date=March 2026}}

==Career==
===Journalism===
Verenkar had a career in journalism lasting approximately 35 years. He was associated with several prominent publications in Goa, including the [[Marathi language|Marathi]] daily ''[[Tarun Bharat (Nagpur)|Tarun Bharat]]'' and the [[Konkani language|Konkani]] daily ''[[Sunaparant]]''.<ref name="Prudent_Tribute">{{Cite news |date=2023-03-18 |title=Goans pay tribute to veteran journalist, writer Sanjiv Verenkar |url=https://www.prudentmedia.in/general/goans-pay-tribute-to-veteran-journalist-writer-sanjiv-verenkar/25014.html |access-date=2025-12-31 |work=Prudent Media}}</ref>

===Literature===
Throughout his literary career, Verenkar authored authored 17 books, nine of which are poetry collections.<ref name="TOI_Death" /> His work was noted for moving away from traditional romanticism to focus on the "harsh realities of life" and the difficulties faced by the common man.<ref name="TOI_Award" />

His most notable work, the poetry anthology ''Raktachandan'', was published in 2019 by Sanjana Publications.{{Citation needed|date=December 2025}} The collection consists of 50 poems that delve into social issues and personal grief.<ref name="Goan_Award">{{Cite news |date=2021-12-31 |title=Sanjeev Verekar wins Sahitya award for his Konkani poems |url=https://www.thegoan.net/goa-news/%EF%BB%BFsanjeev-verekar-wins-sahitya-award-for-his-konkani-poems/78587.html |access-date=2025-12-31 |work=The Goan Everyday}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=December 2025}} Verenkar also served as the president of the Goa Konkani Lekhak Sangh (Goa Konkani Writers Association).{{cn|date=March 2026}}

==Awards and honors==
* [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] (2021) for ''Raktachandan''.<ref name="TOI_Award" />
* Goa State Cultural Award.<ref name="TOI_Death" />
* [[Konkani Bhasha Mandal]] Award.<ref name="Prudent_Tribute" />
* Dr. T.M.A. Pai Foundation Award.<ref name="Prudent_Tribute" />

==Death==
Verenkar died on 18 March 2023 at the age of 64, following a brief illness. He was survived by his wife and two daughters.<ref name="TOI_Death" /><ref name="Prudent_Tribute" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Verenkar, Sanjiv}}
[[Category:1959 births]]
[[Category:2023 deaths]]
[[Category:Writers from North Goa district]]
[[Category:Konkani-language writers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Konkani]]

Sher Singh Attariwalla

2026-02-24T20:27:16Z

Shelia6340: quick update

#REDIRECT [[Sher Singh Attariwala]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
{{R from alternative spelling}}
}}

Avik Mukhopadhyay

2026-02-16T14:09:39Z

Shelia6340: reworked layout

{{Short description|Indian cinematographer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Avik Mukhopadhyay
| image =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Kalimpong]], [[West Bengal]], India
| occupation = [[Cinematographer]]
| title =
| spouse = [[Madhuja Mukherjee]]
}}

'''Avik Mukhopadhyay''' ([[Bengali language|Bengali]]: '''অভীক মুখোপাধ্যায়''') is an Indian [[cinematographer]] who works in Bengali and Hindi films.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mukhopadhyay |first=Avik |date=2023-08-10 |title='To everyone Mrinal Sen was bondhu (friend)': Avik Mukhopadhyay |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/arts-and-culture/cinema/mrinal-sen-at-100-interview-avik-mukhopadhyay-to-everyone-he-was-bondhu-friend/article67149577.ece |access-date=2023-11-04 |website=Frontline |language=en}}</ref> He collaborated with multiple directors like [[Mrinal Sen]], [[Aparna Sen]], [[Rituparno Ghosh]], [[Srijit Mukherji]], [[Kamaleshwar Mukherjee]], [[Anik Dutta]], [[Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury]], [[Shoojit Sircar]] and [[Sujoy Ghosh]]. Some of his works include ''[[Chokher Bali (2003 film)|Chokher Bali]]'', ''[[Patalghar]]'', ''[[Bhalo Theko]]'', ''[[Raincoat (film)|Raincoat]]'', ''[[Dosar]]'', ''[[The Last Lear]]'', ''[[Antaheen]]'', ''[[Chitrangada: The Crowning Wish]]'', ''[[October (2018 film)|October]]'' and ''[[Sardar Udham]]''.

He is the recipient of the [[National Film Award for Best Cinematography]] four times and the [[Filmfare Award for Best Cinematographer]] twice. He studied the cinematography at the [[Film and Television Institute of India|Film and television Institute of India]].

==Filmography==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| style="background:#ffc;"|
| Denotes films that have not yet been released
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year !! Film !! Director !! Language
!Ref
|-
|1999||''[[Asukh]]''|| [[Rituparno Ghosh]]|| Bengali
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2000 ||''[[Paromitar Ek Din]]''||[[Aparna Sen]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|''[[Utsab]]''||[[Rituparno Ghosh]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2002 ||''[[Titli (2002 film)|Titli]]''||[[Rituparno Ghosh]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|''[[Aamar Bhuvan]]''|| [[Mrinal Sen]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|2003 ||''[[Shubho Mahurat]]''||[[Rituparno Ghosh]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|''[[Chokher Bali (2003 film)|Chokher Bali]]''||[[Rituparno Ghosh]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|''[[Patalghar]] ''||Abhijit Chowdhury
|Bengali
|
|-
|''[[Bhalo Theko]]''||[[Gautam Haldar]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|2004 ||''[[Raincoat (film)|Raincoat]]''|| [[Rituparno Ghosh]]|| Hindi
|
|-
|2005 ||''[[Bunty Aur Babli]]''||[[Shaad Ali]]
|Hindi
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2006 ||''[[Chukkallo Chandrudu]]''|| [[Sivakumar Ananth|Sivakumar]]|| Telugu
|
|-
|''Shoonya''|| Arindam Mitra|| Bengali
|
|-
|rowspan="3"|2008 ||''[[The Last Lear]]''|| [[Rituparno Ghosh]]|| English
|
|-
|''[[Via Darjeeling]]'' || Arindam Nandy|| Hindi
|
|-
|''[[Khela]]''|| [[Rituparno Ghosh]]|| Bengali
|
|-
|2009 ||''[[Antaheen]]''||[[Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2010|| ''[[Abohomaan]]''||[[Rituparno Ghosh]]
|Bengali
|
|-
| ''[[Ekti Tarar Khonje]]''||Avik Mukhopadhyay
|Bengali
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2012 ||''[[Bhooter Bhabishyat]]''||[[Anik Dutta]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|''[[Chitrangada: The Crowning Wish]]''||[[Rituparno Ghosh]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|rowspan="4"|2013|| ''[[Ashchorjyo Prodeep]]''|| [[Anik Dutta]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|''[[Satyanweshi (film)|Satyanweshi]]''|| [[Rituparno Ghosh]]
|Bengali
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-09-06 |title=Rituparno Ghosh's last film Satyanweshi is a mixed bag |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/rituparno-ghoshs-last-film-satyanweshi-is-a-mixed-bag-1089867.html |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=Firstpost |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Sunglass (film)|Sunglass]]''|| [[Rituparno Ghosh]]|| Bengali / Hindi
|
|-
|''[[Kangal Malsat]]''|| [[Suman Mukhopadhyay]]|| Bengali
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2014|| ''[[Teenkahon]]''||[[Bauddhayan Mukherji]]
|Bengali
|
|-
|''[[Kill Dil]]''|| [[Shaad Ali]]|| Hindi
|
|-
|2015 ||''[[Rajkahini]]''|| [[Srijit Mukherji]]|| Bengali
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|2016 ||''The Violin Player'' || [[Bauddhayan Mukherji]]
|Bengali
|<ref>{{Cite web |author=T. H. R. Staff |date=2015-11-10 |title='The Violin Player': Mumbai Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/violin-player-mumbai-review-839022/ |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=The Hollywood Reporter |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Pink (2016 film)|Pink]]''|| [[Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury]]|| Hindi
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chintamani |first=Gautam |title='Pink' revisited: The anatomy of the 'No means no' scene, and the original ending |url=https://scroll.in/reel/850286/pink-revisited-the-anatomy-of-the-no-means-no-scene-and-the-original-ending |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=Scroll.in |date=16 September 2017 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|2017||''[[Meghnad Badh Rahasya ]]''|| [[Anik Dutta]]|| Bengali
|
|-
|2018 ||''[[October (2018 film)|October]]'' || [[Shoojit Sircar]]|| Hindi
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghosh |first1=Devarsi |title=Avik Mukhopadhyay on shooting 'October': 'Visuals should communicate feelings rather than inform' |work=Scroll.in |url=https://scroll.in/reel/875920/avik-mukhopadhyay-on-shooting-october-visuals-should-communicate-feelings-rather-than-inform |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |2019
|''[[Badla (2019 film)|Badla]]''|| [[Sujoy Ghosh]]
|Hindi
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Badla is an edge-of-the-seat watch |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/badla-is-an-edge-of-the-seat-watch/cid/1686428 |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Bhobishyoter Bhoot]]''|| [[Anik Dutta]]|| Bengali
|
|-
|''[[Password (2019 Indian film)|Password]]''|| [[Kamaleshwar Mukherjee]]|| Bengali
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Password: Actor Dev Shares His Character Look, Ahead Of Trailer Release {{!}} SpotboyE |url=https://www.spotboye.com/bengali/bengali-news/password-actor-dev-shares-his-character-look-ahead-of-trailer-release/5d7f7803def098574f7b2630 |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=www.spotboye.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="2"|2020 ||''[[Borunbabur Bondhu]]''||[[Anik Dutta]]
|Bengali
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sarkar |first=Roushni |title=Borunbabur Bondhu review: Watch for the strong performances and well-etched characters |url=https://www.cinestaan.com/reviews/borunbabur-bondhu-42537 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220611112706/https://www.cinestaan.com/reviews/borunbabur-bondhu-42537 |url-status=live |archive-date=11 June 2022 |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=Cinestaan}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Gulabo Sitabo]]''|| [[Shoojit Sircar]]|| Hindi
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Saltz |first=Rachel |date=2020-06-12 |title='Gulabo Sitabo' Review: This Old House, Lucknow Style |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/12/movies/gulabo-sitabo-review.html |access-date=2023-02-07 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
|-
|2021 ||''[[Sardar Udham]]'' || [[Shoojit Sircar]]
|Hindi
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramnath |first=Nandini |title='Sardar Udham' review: A portrait of a man of history and mystery |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1007747/sardar-udham-review-a-portrait-of-a-man-of-history-and-mystery |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=Scroll.in |date=16 October 2021 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|2021
|''[[Deep6]]'' || Madhuja Mukherjee
|Bengali
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=PTI |date=2021-09-15 |title=Shoojit Sircar production 'Deep6' sets premiere at 26th Busan International Film Festival |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/shoojit-sircar-production-deep6-sets-premiere-at-26th-busan-international-film-festival/article36473738.ece |access-date=2023-04-01 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |2023
|''[[Lost (2023 film)|Lost]]''
|[[Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury]]
|Hindi
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury on his new film Lost |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/aniruddha-roy-chowdhury-on-his-new-film-lost/cid/1823698 |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Jaane Jaan (2023 film)|Jaane Jaan]]''
|[[Sujoy Ghosh]]
|Hindi
|
|-
|''[[Kadak Singh]]''
|[[Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury]]
|Hindi
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury's third Hindi film goes on the floors |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/aniruddha-roy-chowdhurys-third-hindi-film-goes-on-the-floors/cid/1902367 |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref>
|-
|2024
|''[[I Want to Talk]]''
|[[Shoojit Sircar]]
|Hindi
|
|-
|2025
| style="background:#ffc;" | ''Dear Ma''
|Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury
|Bengali
|
|}

==Awards and nominations==
===[[National Film Awards]]===
{|class="wikitable"
! Year !! Category !! Film !! Ref(s)
|-
| [[50th National Film Awards|2003]] || rowspan="4" | [[National Film Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]] || ''[[Patalghar]]'' || <ref name="50thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=http://dff.nic.in/2011/50nfa.pdf|title=50th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=14 March 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[51st National Film Awards|2004]] || ''[[Bhalo Theko]]'' || <ref name="51stawardPDF">{{cite web|url=http://dff.nic.in/2011/51st_nff_2004.pdf|title=51st National Film Awards (PDF)|publisher=[[Directorate of Film Festivals]]|accessdate=15 March 2012}}</ref>
|-
| [[56th National Film Awards|2009]] || ''[[Antaheen]]'' || <ref name="56thawardPDF">{{cite web|url=http://dff.nic.in/2011/56th_nff_2008.pdf|title=56th National Film Awards|publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals|access-date=27 March 2012}}</ref>
|-
|[[69th National Film Awards|2021]]
|''[[Sardar Udham]]''
|<ref name="69NFA">{{Cite web |title=69th National Films Awards 2021 |url=https://www.nfdcindia.com/uploads/post/0537628001686636693.pdf |publisher=NFDC}}</ref>
|}

===[[Filmfare Awards]]===
{|class="wikitable"
! Year !! Category !! Film !! Ref(s)
|-
| [[66th Filmfare Awards|2021]] || [[Filmfare Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]] || ''[[Gulabo Sitabo]]'' || <ref>{{cite news |title=Filmfare 2021 Full Winners' List: Thappad And Gulabo Sitabo Win Big, Take All Major Awards |url=https://www.india.com/entertainment/filmfare-2021-full-winners-list-thappad-and-gulabo-sitabo-win-big-take-all-major-awards-4541282/ |access-date=28 March 2021 |date=28 March 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[67th Filmfare Awards|2022]]
|Best Cinematography
|''[[Sardar Udham]]''
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=67th Filmfare Award 2022 Winners List: Complete Winners List Ranveer Singh, Kriti Sanon, Shershaah WIN BIG |url=https://www.india.com/entertainment/filmfare-award-2022-winners-list-complete-winners-list-ranveer-singh-kriti-sanon-shershaah-win-big-5601794/ |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=www.india.com |language=en}}</ref>
|}

===[[IIFA Awards]]===
{|class="wikitable"
! Year !! Category !! Film !! Ref(s)
|-
| [[22nd IIFA Awards|2022]] || [[IIFA Award for Best Cinematography]] || ''Sardar Udham'' || <ref>{{cite web |url=https://iifa.com/iifa-2022 |title=The 22nd Nexa IIFA Awards |website=IIFA |publisher=[[International Indian Film Academy Awards]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610013129/https://iifa.com/iifa-2022 |archive-date=10 June 2022 |access-date=13 July 2022 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|id=2060260}}
{{National Film Award Best Cinematography|state=collapsed}}{{Filmfare Award for Best Cinematography}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mukhopadhyay, Abhik}}
[[Category:Bengali film cinematographers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Best Cinematography National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Cinematographers from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Filmfare Awards winners]]
[[Category:1967 births]]
[[Category:Long stubs with short prose]]

{{India-film-bio-stub}}
{{Cinematographer-stub}}

Chief minister

2026-02-10T22:25:10Z

Shelia6340: reworked formatting and corrected details per sources

{{short description|Title for the head of government of some countries' administrative divisions}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more citations needed|date=June 2014}}
{{Globalize|section|Commonwealth countries|date=March 2023}}
}}
{{Executive}}

A '''chief minister''' is an [[Election|elected]] or appointed [[head of government]] of – in most instances – a [[sub-national entity]], for instance an administrative subdivision or federal constituent entity. Examples include a state (and sometimes a [[union territory]]) in India; a territory of Australia;<ref>[https://nt.gov.au/about-government "About government"]. nt.gov.au. Retrieved on 16 March 2018.</ref> a province of Sri Lanka or Pakistan; a [[Provinces of Nepal|federal province]] in Nepal; an [[Autonomous regions of the Philippines|autonomous region]] of Philippines;<ref>Only in [[Bangsamoro]]</ref> or a [[British Overseas Territory]] that has attained self-governance. It is also used as the English version of the title given to the heads of [[government]]s of the [[Malay states]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/Unfederated+Malay+States|title=Malay Stats|work=TheFreeDictionary.com |access-date=14 April 2009}}</ref> without a [[monarchy]].

The title is also used in the [[Crown Dependencies]] of the [[Isle of Man]] (since 1986), in [[Guernsey]] (since 2004), and in [[Jersey]] (since 2005).

In 2018, [[Sierra Leone]], a [[presidential republic]], created the role of an appointed chief minister, which is similar to a [[prime minister]] in a [[semi-presidential system]].<ref name="telegraph">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/controversy-over-appointment-of-chief-minister-of-sierra-leone/|title=Controversy over appointment of chief minister of Sierra Leone|first=Abdul Rashid|last=Thomas|date=2 May 2018}}</ref> Before that, only [[Milton Margai]] had the same position between 1954 and 1958.<ref>[http://unimak.edu.sl/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/Centre-of-Sierra-Leone-Studies-Politics.pdf ''Centre of Sierra Leone Studies – The politics of Sierra Leone.'' The University of Makeni.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191126144517/http://unimak.edu.sl/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/Centre-of-Sierra-Leone-Studies-Politics.pdf |date=26 November 2019 }} Retrieved 15 May 2018.</ref>

== Origin ==
It was used throughout history in various forms but most notable is the [[Grand vizier]]. The vizier was originally known as "''wazir''" and was used for the first as prime minister or chief minister role in [[Abbasid Caliphate]] later it was adopted by various sultanates and empires like [[Ottoman Empire]].

== Meaning and role ==
The title has a similar construction and role as a [[first minister]] or [[minister-president]] but usually with a lower rank. The role has context within the [[Westminster system]] of government where a constitutional [[head of state]] (usually sub-national) is [[Advice (constitutional)|advised]] by [[Minister (government)|ministers]] who usually head executive government departments ([[Ministry (government department)|ministries]]). A chief minister is understood to be "first among equals". They would be the chief adviser to the nominal head of their state, the [[chairman|chair]] of [[Cabinet (government)|cabinet]] and leader of the main governing [[political party]] in the [[legislature]].<ref name="NTchief">{{cite book |last1=Boland |first1=Angela |title=Cabinet Handbook |date=8 August 2017 |publisher=Northern Territory Government |page=5 |url=https://dcm.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/252216/cabinet_handbook_august_2017.pdf |access-date=20 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320113700/https://dcm.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/252216/cabinet_handbook_august_2017.pdf |archive-date=20 March 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Chief ministers around the world ==

* [[Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory]]
* [[Chief Minister of the Northern Territory]] of Australia
* [[Chief Minister of Burma]]
* [[Chief Minister of Guernsey]]
* [[Chief Minister of Gibraltar]]
* [[Chief Minister (India)]]
* [[Chief Minister of Jersey]]
* [[Chief Minister of the Isle of Man]]
* [[Chief Minister of Montserrat]]
* [[Chief Ministers in Malaysia]]
* [[Chief minister (Nepal)]]
* [[Chief Minister (Pakistan)]]
* [[Chief Minister of Bangsamoro]] of the Philippines
* [[Chief Minister of Saint Helena]]
* [[Chief Minister of Sierra Leone]]
* [[Chief Minister of Singapore]]
* [[Chief Ministers in Sri Lanka]]
* [[Chief Minister of Mandalay Region]]
* [[List of chief ministers of Galmudug]] (Somalia)

== Informal chief ministers ==
* [[Chief minister of France]]
* [[List of English chief ministers|English chief ministers]]

== See also ==
{{Wiktionary|chief minister}}
* [[Constitutional monarchy]]
* [[Governor]]
* [[Parliamentary leader]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Types of heads of government}}

[[Category:Heads of government]]
[[Category:Positions of subnational authority]]
[[Category:Gubernatorial titles]]

Khanqah-e-Niazia

2026-02-05T04:30:50Z

Shelia6340: Put up new entry

{{Short description|Dargah in Bareilly}}
'''Khanqah-e-Niazia''' is a [[Khanqah]] in [[Bareilly]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]], it was established by [[Shah Niyaz Ahmad|Shah Niyaz Ahmad Barelvi]] in 1773.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/bareilly-city-the-lamps-of-vows-will-be-lit-for-two-days-in-khanqah-niazia-in-bareilly-know-how-old-the-tradition-22224423.html|title=जश्न ए चिरागा : बरेली में खानकाह नियाजिया में दो दिन जलेंगे मन्नतों के चिराग, जानिए कितने साल पुरानी है परंपरा|website=m.jagran.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.patrika.com/bareilly-news/khanqah-e-niazia-is-an-example-of-hindu-muslim-unity-4979640/|title=#upduskadum हिन्दू-मुस्लिम एकता की मिसाल है खानकाह ए नियाजिया, यहाँ पूरी होती है हर मुराद | Khanqah e Niazia is an example of Hindu-Muslim unity|date=August 17, 2019|website=Patrika News}}</ref> It is headed by Shah Mehdi Miyan, Sajjada Nasheen of the Khanqah since 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=शहजादे शाह मेहंदी मियां ने संभाली खानकाह नियाजिया की रूहानी विरासत |url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/bareilly/shahzade-shah-mehndi-mian-took-the-spiritual-legacy-of-khanqah-niazia |access-date=2024-01-25 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref>

== Festivals ==
The Khanqah celebrates Jashn-e-Chirag, a tradition of more than 300 years. It is believed to be a festival of Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb.<ref>{{Cite news |title=People from across the world gather at Khanqah-e-Niazia, light wish lamp | Bareilly News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bareilly/people-from-across-the-world-gather-at-khanqah-e-niazia-light-wish-lamp/articleshow/67247187.cms |website=The Times of India|date=25 December 2018 }}</ref> The Urs is celebrated annually on 6th of Jumadus Sani.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pradesh (India) |first=Uttar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZwZDAAAAYAAJ |title=Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bareilly |date=1968 |publisher=Government of Uttar Pradesh |pages=84 |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Dargahs in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Dargahs in Bareilly district]]
[[Category:1773 establishments in India]]

Praful Kumar Rai

2026-02-03T04:56:25Z

Shelia6340: Started Bio

{{Short description|Indian Nagpuri-language writer}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Praful Kumar Roy
|honorific_prefix =
| pseudonym =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 8 February 1926
| birth_place = Pahar Bangru, [[Bharno block|Bharno]], [[Ranchi district]] (now [[Gumla district]]), [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1991|02|07|1926|2|8}}
| death_place =
| resting_place =
| occupation = {{ubl|Government employee|Writer|Singer}}
| language = [[Nagpuri language|Nagpuri]]
| education = M.Com
| alma_mater =
| period =
| genre =
| subject =
| movement =
| notableworks = {{ubl|Son Jhair| Barkha|Barkha Bund| Nagpuri Kavi| Awsar ni mile bujhu| Kilkila}}
| spouse =
| awards =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| portaldisp =
| imagesize =
| relatives = {{ubl|Pandey Ramkishor Roy (father)|Suchitrabala Devi (mother)}}
}}
'''Praful Kumar Roy''' was an Indian writer. He was one of the prominent writers of the [[Nagpuri language|Nagpuri]]-language in the modern period.<ref name="jagran">{{Cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/ranchi-know-who-is-prafulla-kumar-prafulla-kumar-always-stand-for-nagpuri-language-22449728.html|title=जानें कौन हैं प्रफुल्ल कुमार...जिन्होंने नागपुरी भाषा के लिए अपना जीवन समर्पित किया|website=jagran|date=8 February 2022|access-date=14 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://laharnews.com/?p=7370|title=प्रफुल्ल कुमार राय की जयंती पर वक्ताओं ने कहा- संस्कृति की रक्षा के लिए मातृभाषा को सम्मान देना जरुरी|website=laharnews|date=8 February 2022|access-date=14 October 2022}}</ref> He had a prominent role in publication in the Nagpuri language and in the formation of ''Nagpuri Bhasha Parishad'' in 1960.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://ranchiexpress.com/category/education-career/--558898|title=जल्द ही नागपुरी कोर्स शुरू होगा : कुलपति|website=Ranchi express|date=9 February 2018|access-date=14 October 2022}}</ref><ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya"/>

==Life==
===Early life===
He was born on 8 February 1926 in Pahar Bangru village of [[Bharno block|Bharno]] in [[Ranchi district]] (now [[Gumla district]]). His father's name was Pandey Ramkishor Rai and mother's name was Suchitrabala Devi. He studied Bachelor of Commerce.<ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya">{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.322091/2015.322091.Nagpuri-Sisth_djvu.txt|title=Nagpuri Shist Sahitya|publisher=archive.org|access-date=14 October 2022}}</ref>

===Career===
He started his career as a government employee in [[Central Coalfields]]. He was also a writer and singer. His writings are published in various magazines such as Ranchi Times and All India Radio. He wrote Son Jhair (collection of stories), Barkha, Barkha Bund, Nagpuri Kavi, Awsar ni mile bujhu and Kilkila.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://okworldguru.com/nagpuri-literature/|title=Nagpuri literature|website=okworldguru|date=19 July 2021|access-date=14 October 2022}}</ref> He had a prominent role in the publication of writings in the Nagpuri language and in the formation of ''Nagpuri Bhasha Parishad'' in 1960.<ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://jharseva.in/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B5-%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF/|title=Nagpuri Bhasa Kar Udabhav Aur Bikas|website=Jharseva|access-date=14 October 2022}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rai, Praful Kumar}}
[[Category:1929 births]]
[[Category:1991 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:Nagpuri-language writers]]
[[Category:People from Ranchi district]]
[[Category:Nagpuria people]]

Hima Shankar

2026-02-01T23:06:25Z

Shelia6340: Put up a details

{{Short description|Indian actress}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Hima Shankar
| image = Hima Shankar Sheematty.jpg
| caption =
| birth_name = Hima Shankar
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Kodakara]], [[Kerala]], India
| occupation = {{Flatlist|
* Film actress
* theatre artist
}}
| years_active = 2004–present
| alma_mater = [[University of Calicut School of Drama and Fine Arts]]
}}
'''Hima Shankar''' known as '''Hima Shankar Sheematty''', is an Indian [[film actress|actress]]<ref>{{cite web|author=CRIS|date=12 August 2017|title=Hima Shankar Sheematty: Actor with an opinion|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/120817/actor-with-an-opinion-hima-shankar-sheematty.html|publisher=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |access-date=2017-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812174935/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/120817/actor-with-an-opinion-hima-shankar-sheematty.html |archive-date=12 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> who appears in [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam films]] and [[short film]]s. She has also directed and performed in many [[Drama|theatrical works]]. She took a part in the reality show [[Bigg Boss (Malayalam TV series)|Bigg Boss Malayalam]].{{citation needed|date=October 2019}}

==Early life==
Hima Shankar was born in [[Thrissur]], [[Kerala]], India, to N K Shankaran Kutty and E V Kumari. She did her schooling in St. Don Bosco Girls High School, [[Kodakara]] and intermediate in Rajarshi Memorial Higher Secondary School, [[Aloor, Kerala]]. She has completed her graduation in [[Bachelor of Arts|BA]] in [[Vedanta|Sanskrit Vedanta]] from [[Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit]], [[Kalady]]. Subsequently, she developed interest in [[theatre]] and joined [[University of Calicut School of Drama and Fine Arts]], [[Thrissur]] for taking up post graduate degree in [[theatre|Theatre Arts]]. She played a character called Jennifer in TV serial, Ente Manasaputhri on Asianet. She was also part of some advertisements and albums. She runs an institution also.{{citation needed|date=June 2022}}
She is an acting trainer too.{{citation needed|date=June 2022}}

==Career==
Hima Shankar has started her career as a theatre artist later on moving to the [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam Film]] industry. She has enacted in the most discussed plays in [[Malayalam]] which were staged in the 2010s. Being an alumna of the Drama School of [[Kerala]], she has succeeded in balancing the engagement on the stage and in the screen. She is found to be an actor with opinion on the current social issues and observed to be outspoken always. Hence, she is a panel member in evening newsroom discussions on social issues.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LhheaHPj5sc |title=MEET THE EDITORS WITH ACTRESS HIMA SHANKAR│Reporter Live - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |date=14 August 2017 |format= |accessdate=}}</ref>

She was one of the contestant of [[Bigg Boss (Malayalam season 1)]] and got evicted on day 21. Later, she entered the house as a wildcard contestant on day 49,<ref>{{cite news |title=Hima Shankar to take a break after her eviction from the Big .. |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/hima-shankar-to-take-a-break-after-her-eviction-from-the-bigg-boss-malayalam-house/articleshow/65009312.cms |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref> and got eliminated on day 77.

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ List of Hima Shankar film credits
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Film
! scope="col" | Role
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| rowspan=4 |2010 || ''[[Sufi Paranja Katha (film)|Sufi Paranja Katha]]'' || Parukkutty ||
|-
| ''[[Yugapurushan]]'' || Ponni ||
|-
| ''[[Apoorvaragam]]'' || Agi ||
|-
| ''Nalla Pattukare'' ||Reshma||
|-
| 2011 || ''[[Seniors (film)|Seniors]]'' || Friend of Jeni ||
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Thalsamayam Oru Penkutty]]'' || Neethu ||
|-
| 2013 || ''Pothumappu'' || Susie ||
|-
| 2014 || ''[[Iyobinte Pusthakam]]'' || Migrant ||
|-
| 2014 || ''Niharika'' || Special appearance ||
|-
| 2016 || ''Ottakolam'' || Aashatty || {{won}}—[[Vayalar Ramavarma|Vayalar Ramavarma Special Jury Award]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Vayalar Ramavarma cultural fest from Saturday |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/vayalar-ramavarma-cultural-fest-from-saturday/articleshow/59463644.cms |date=6 July 2017 |access-date=2 October 2017}}</ref> {{ubl |Lead role}}
|-
| rowspan=3 | 2017 || ''Aaradi'' || Sini || Lead role
|-
| ''Himalayathile Kashmalan'' || Hima || Lead role
|-
| ''Duryodhana'' || Sneha Nangyar ||
|-
| 2018 || ''Naam'' || ||
|-
| 2019 || ''Bhayam'' || Heera ||
|-
| 2023 || ''Ochu'' || ||<ref>{{cite web | url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/movies-sudheer-karamana-and-hima-shankari-in-the-movie-ochu-mm-605074.html | title=സുധീർ കരമനയും നടിയും ബിഗ് ബോസ് താരവുമായ ഹിമ ശങ്കരിയും; 'ഒച്ച്' ചിത്രീകരണം ആരംഭിച്ചു | date=29 May 2023 }}</ref>
|-
|2023|| ''Neelarathri'' || ||<ref>https://www.nowrunning.com/movie/26745/neela-ratri/</ref>
|-
| 2023 || ''Chappa Kuthu'' || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.canchannels.com/malayalam-film-chappa-kuthu-wins-accolades-at-international-film-festival/|title=അന്താരാഷ്ട്ര ചലച്ചിത്രോത്സവങ്ങളില്‍ അനുമോദന|date=14 March 2023|accessdate=16 March 2023|archive-date=15 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315190028/https://www.canchannels.com/malayalam-film-chappa-kuthu-wins-accolades-at-international-film-festival/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|2024|| '' Sevakar'' || ||
Tamil film
|-
|2025|| '' Off Road'' || ||
<ref>https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kozhikode/off-road/ET00429131</ref>
|-
|2025|| '' Randam Yamam'' ||Janaki ||
<ref>https://www.mallurelease.com/2024/01/randam-yamam-movie.html?m=1</ref>
|-
| {{TableTBA}} || ''[[Ram (film)|Ram]]'' || {{TableTBA}} || {{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
|-
|}

==Short filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Short Film
! Role
! Details
|-
|2017
|Safety Pin||Heroine ||
|-
|2017
|Kalpaanthakaalam|| Pollothy || 1.{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wC5F_5ZEZs8 |title=KALPANTHAKALAM has been won 13 awards including 2 state awards. - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |date=23 May 2017 |format= |accessdate=}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wC5F_5ZEZs8 |title=KALPANTHAKALAM has been won 13 awards including 2 state awards. - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |date=23 May 2017 |format= |accessdate=}}</ref> 2.{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150615/entertainment-mollywood/article/playing-serpent-girl-hima-shankar |title=Playing the serpent girl: Hima Shankar |format= |date=16 June 2015 |access-date=}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150615/entertainment-mollywood/article/playing-serpent-girl-hima-shankar |title=Playing the serpent girl: Hima Shankar |format= |date=16 June 2015 |access-date=}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan=3|2016
|Yaksham|| Bhagavathy || 1.{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRDWQ3_EYck |title=Yaksham (യക്ഷം) | Short Film 2016 | Hima Sankar | Arun C. Kumar | - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |date=17 May 2016 |format= |accessdate=}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRDWQ3_EYck |title=Yaksham (യക്ഷം) | Short Film 2016 | Hima Sankar | Arun C. Kumar | - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |date=17 May 2016 |format= |accessdate=}}</ref> 2.{{cite web |url=http://www.manoramaonline.com/women/features/yaksham-shortfilm.html |title=ഓരോ സ്ത്രീയിലും ഒരു യക്ഷിയുണ്ട് |accessdate=}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.manoramaonline.com/women/features/yaksham-shortfilm.html |title=ഓരോ സ്ത്രീയിലും ഒരു യക്ഷിയുണ്ട് |accessdate=}}</ref> 3.{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/160616/the-risks-of-divinity.html |title=The Risks of Divinity |date=16 June 2016 |access-date=}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/160616/the-risks-of-divinity.html |title=The Risks of Divinity |date=16 June 2016 |access-date=}}</ref>
|-
|Kani|| Kani||{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tN12EsrwoXI |title=Kani - The Rape Movie (Fight for her life and land) - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |format= |accessdate=}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tN12EsrwoXI |title=Kani - The Rape Movie (Fight for her life and land) - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |format= |accessdate=}}</ref>
|-
|King of Mallus|| Lover|| {{Citation needed|date=December 2024}}
|-
|2015
|Spicy Girls|| Paru ||{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzmb-Y9aJ1o |title=SPICY GIRLS - Hima Shankar Sheematty l Sensational Short Film - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |date=5 October 2015 |format= |accessdate=}} <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzmb-Y9aJ1o |title=SPICY GIRLS - Hima Shankar Sheematty l Sensational Short Film - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |date=5 October 2015 |format= |accessdate=}}</ref>
|-
|2014
|One Fine Day || Lovely ||
|-
|2013
|Sharkarasya Gajah|| Mother || {{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaoYKyHEVXM |title=Sharkarasya Gajah - The kid who wanted an Elephant! | Short Film | By Rajesh Kumar Sharma - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |date=13 May 2013 |format= |accessdate=}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaoYKyHEVXM |title=Sharkarasya Gajah - The kid who wanted an Elephant! | Short Film | By Rajesh Kumar Sharma - YouTube |website=[[YouTube]] |date=13 May 2013 |format= |accessdate=}}</ref>
|-
|2008
|Zyme|| The prostitute||
|-
|}

==Theatrical Works==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Play
! Role
! Theatre Group
|-
|2006
|[[Sakharam Binder]] || Champa || Abhinaya, [[Trivandrum]]
|-
|2008
|Pravaachaka<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |url=http://nireeksha.in/new/productions.html |title=Nireeksha Women's Theatre |accessdate= |archive-date=13 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190313201515/http://nireeksha.in/new/productions.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> || Atheena || Nireeksha Women's Theatre,<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=http://nireeksha.in/new/index.html |title=Nireeksha Women's Theatre |accessdate= |archive-date=16 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116113204/http://nireeksha.in/new/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Trivandrum]]
|-
|rowspan=2|2009
|The Valley Song|| Veronica Jhonkers|| Theatre of Good Hope, [[Trivandrum]]
|-
|Women Without Men<ref name="auto1"/> || Farooq || Nireeksha Women's Theatre,<ref name="auto"/> [[Trivandrum]]
|-
|2010
|[[The Lesson]] || The Old Maid || Abhinaya, [[Trivandrum]]
|-
|rowspan=2|2011
|Oru Kathaanaadakam || Neena Patwardhan || Theatre of Good Hope, [[Trivandrum]]
|-
|Yamadoothu, After the death of [[Othello]] || [[Desdemona]] ||Janabheri Theatre, [[Thrissur]]
|-
|2013
|Draavidaputhri<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.deshabhimani.com/news/kerala/latest-news/491787 |title=നാടകവും കൂടിയാട്ടവുമായി രാമായണം ഫെസ്റ്റിവല്‍ രണ്ടാം ദിനം | Wayanad | Kerala | Deshabhimani | Friday Aug 14, 2015 |newspaper=Deshabhimani |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>||[[Tataka]]|| ACT [[Kochi|Cochin]]
|-
|2014
|Njayaraazhcha<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deshabhimani.com/news/kerala/latest-news/404388 |title=ഞായറാഴ്ച മികച്ച നാടകം | Kerala | Deshabhimani | Thursday Oct 2, 2014 |format= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/drama-contest-begins/article6448163.ece |title=Drama contest begins - KERALA - The Hindu |newspaper=The Hindu |format= |work= |date=26 September 2014 |accessdate=}}</ref>|| Siter Angelina || Njamanengad Theatre Village, [[Thrissur]]
|-
|rowspan=4|2016
|Deergha Chathuram<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kozhikode/deergha-chathuram-to-be-staged-in-kozhikode/article6244582.ece |title=Deergha Chathuram to be staged in Kozhikode - The Hindu |newspaper=The Hindu |format= |work= |date=24 July 2014 |accessdate=}}</ref>|| Ammu ||Soorya, [[Trivandrum]]
|-
|Chaayakkada Kathakal<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.keralainmumbai.com/News/NW2984/%E2%80%98Chayakkada-Kathakal%E2%80%99-staged |title='Chayakkada-Kathakal'-staged, KeralaInMumbai |format= |accessdate= |archive-date=4 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904192058/http://www.keralainmumbai.com/News/NW2984/%E2%80%98Chayakkada-Kathakal%E2%80%99-staged |url-status=dead }}</ref>-Bheeman Ravunni || Ammu || Soorya, [[Trivandrum]]
|-
|Chaayakkada Kathakal<ref>{{cite web |url=https://m.dailyhunt.in/news/india/malayalam/kerala+kaumudi-epaper-kaumudi/surya+krishnamurthiyude+chayakkada+kathakal-newsid-59278482 |title=സൂര്യ കൃഷ്ണമൂര്‍ത്തിയുടെ ചായക്കട കഥകള്‍ - Kerala Kaumudi | DailyHunt |format= |accessdate=}}</ref>-Munshi Veeraraghavan|| Niranjana || Soorya, [[Trivandrum]]
|-
|Chaayakkada Kathakal<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/150516/dramatic-revival-for-rustic-tea-stalls.html |title=Dramatic revival for rustic tea stalls |date=15 May 2016 |access-date=}}</ref>-Amma Thankamma || Amma Thankamma || Soorya, [[Trivandrum]]
|-
|}

==TV/online shows==
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* Oneindia Malayalam

; Reality shows
*2018 : [[Bigg Boss (Malayalam season 1)]] ([[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]) - Evicted on Day 77
*2019 : ''Boeing Boeing'' ([[Zee Keralam]])

==TV series==
*2007-[[Ente Manasaputhri]] ([[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]) as Jennifer

==Advertisements==
* Girl Self Employed
* Manorama Magazine

==Albums==
* Sreenandhanam

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shankar, Hima}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Actresses from Thrissur]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam television]]
[[Category:Bigg Boss (Malayalam TV series) contestants]]

Sri City

2026-01-19T00:42:15Z

Shelia6340: small fix

{{Lead rewrite|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Sri City
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| settlement_type =
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within Andhra Pradesh
| coordinates = {{coord|13.557673|N|80.029489|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tirupati district]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sricity.in|title=Sri city|publisher=}}</ref><ref name="Sri city">{{cite web|url=http://www.sricity.in/SEZ-connectivity.html|title=SEZ Benefits in India|access-date=8 March 2016|archive-date=14 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514193038/http://www.sricity.in/SEZ-connectivity.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| area_total_km2 = 69.88697
| area_rank = 24
| area_note =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_rank = 414
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_title2 = Other
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code =
| area_code_type =
| registration_plate =
| website = {{URL|http://www.sricity.in/|SriCity}}
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| demographics1_info2 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]] [[English language|English]]
| image_skyline = Sri City office and flags.jpg
| image_caption = Sri City office and flags
}}
'''Sri City''' (officially '''Satyavedu Reserve Infracity Pvt. Ltd.''')<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.apiic.in/sezs-in-andhrapradesh.html | title=SEZs in AndhraPradesh | Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation | access-date=11 February 2019 | archive-date=18 April 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418141427/https://www.apiic.in/sezs-in-andhrapradesh.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> is a large-scale integrated business city and [[Special economic zone|Special Economic Zone]] (SEZ) situated in the [[Tirupati district]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]], India.

Spanning over 7,500 acres, Sri City is strategically located along [[National Highway 16 (India)|National Highway 16]] (NH16), a major economic corridor in India.<ref name="NH16">[http://hindu.com/2008/08/31/stories/2008083151530300.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914120723/http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/31/stories/2008083151530300.htm|date=14 September 2008}} Tirupati MP also pointed out that Sri City was in close proximity to NH16 & 2 International Airports – Chennai and Tirupati.</ref> The township's infrastructure is designed to support a diverse range of industries, incorporating a multi-product Special Economic Zone (SEZ), a Domestic Tariff Zone (DTZ), a Free Trade and Warehousing Zone (FTWZ), and an Electronics Manufacturing Cluster. This unique combination of zones allows Sri City to cater to both export-oriented and domestic industries, attracting a wide spectrum of companies from various sectors, including manufacturing, engineering, and information technology. It is administratively part of the Satyavedu and Varadaiahpalem mandals within the Tirupati district.

== History ==
It was founded by Ravindra Sannareddy and [[Srini Raju]], who are currently the Managing Director and Chairman, respectively, and are members of its Board of Governors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sri City Leadership Team |url=https://sricity.in/en/leadership-team/ |website=Sri City |access-date=2025-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=V. Pradeep |date=2022-05-23 |title=Tirupati: Ravindra Sannareddy, driving force behind the Sri City |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/news/cities/tirupathi/tirupati-ravindra-sannareddy,driving-force-behind-the-sri-city-744256 |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=www.thehansindia.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2024-04-27 |title=Sri City committed to preserving culture, promoting local talent: Ravindra Sannareddy |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/sri-city-committed-to-preserving-culture-promoting-local-talent-ravindra-sannareddy/article68114710.ece |access-date=2025-03-23 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Sri City was inaugurated on August 8, 2008, by the then-[[Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh]], [[Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy|Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2025}}

== Geography ==
It is situated between north latitudes of 13°29’50" & 13°34’40" and east longitudes of 79°57’30" & 80°02’50",<ref>[http://maps.google.co.in/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Sri+City,+Andhra+Pradesh&sll=13.614623,80.029907&sspn=0.264938,0.438766&ie=UTF8&hq=Sri+City,&hnear=Andhra+Pradesh&ll=13.563899,80.053253&spn=0.281682,0.438766&t=h&z=11] Sri City, Andhra Pradesh-Source-Google Maps</ref> at an average elevation of about 20 meters above MSL (66  ft) in [[Tirupati district]] of Andhra Pradesh. It is alongside [[National Highway 16 (India)|NH 5]] which forms part of the [[Golden Quadrilateral]].<ref name="Sricity">{{cite web |url=http://www.sharicons.com/index.php?q=sriharikota.html |title=Places to visit near Sriharikota (Shar) | About Sriharikota | shar Icons |access-date=2011-10-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330202635/http://www.sharicons.com/index.php?q=sriharikota.html |archive-date=2012-03-30 }} Places to visit near Sriharikota (SHAR) | About Sriharikota-Source-Website on Sriharikota Range (SHAR)</ref> A creek (Karipeti Kalava) flows through Sri City passing through a number of lakes on the way to joining [[Pulicat Lake]] north of [[Tada, Nellore district|Tada]]. There is a state forest on the western boundary. The [[Telugu Ganga project]] carrying [[Krishna River]] water to Chennai passes along the western boundary of Sri City.

== Languages ==
[[Telugu language|Telugu]] is the official and most-spoken language besides [[Tamil language|Tamil]]. The educated people also speak [[English language|English]] and are multi-lingual.<ref>[http://www.livemint.com/Industry/lfNbBwsomcfrEs5fjsD0qK/Is-Chennai-losing-out-to-SriCity.html] People from different states like Bihar, Jharkhand and Odisha work in Sri City</ref>

== Demographics ==
Sri City forms part of [[Satyavedu]] and [[Varadaiahpalem]] Mandals of [[Tirupati]] District. It is part of the [[Satyavedu Assembly constituency|Satyavedu constituency]] for the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and the [[Tirupati Lok Sabha constituency|Tirupati constituency]] for the [[Lok Sabha]]. As per 2011 census the total population of the Satyavedu constituency is 2,77,010,<ref>{{cite web|title = WELCOME TO CENSUS OF INDIA : Census India Library|url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/DigitalLibrary/Tables.aspx|website = www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date = 2016-02-03}}</ref> with a literacy rate of 78.98, well over national rate of [[Literacy in India]] which stand at 74.04%.<ref>[[Demographics of India]], 2001 Census</ref>

== Social organizations ==
* [[Krea University]]
* [[Sankara Nethralaya]] (India)
* [[Institute for Financial Management and Research|Institute of Financial Management and Research]] – IFMR (India)
* [[Indian Institute of Information Technology, Sri City]]
* Indian Rubber Manufacturers Research Association, Sricity - IRMRA
* [[Chinmaya Vidyalayas|Chinmaya Vidyalaya School]] (India)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sricity.in/customer.html|title=SEZ India - Customers, Clients, Special Economic Zone, VRV, Venture, Busanaremaja Agracipta, EURA, BFG, Free Trade Zone, Industrial Park, SEZ|website=www.sricity.in|access-date=2016-04-25|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150509183500/http://www.sricity.in/customer.html|archive-date=2015-05-09}}</ref>

==Special Economic Zone==
The integrated township includes various zones: [[Industry (manufacturing)|Industrial]], [[Residential]], [[Educational]], [[Commercial district|Commercial]] and [[Recreational]].

The Industrial Zone includes a [[Special Economic Zone]] (SEZ) for Export Oriented Industry and Domestic Tariff Zone (DTZ) for Domestic Industry. It is a business destination for [[Earth|global]] companies to establish [[Manufacturing]], [[service (economics)|Services]] and [[Trade|Trading]] operations in India.<ref>[http://www.financialexpress.com/news/Multiproduct-SEZ-at-Nellore/346577/] Multi-product SEZ at Nellore-Source-Financial Express</ref>

The [[Special Economic Zone|SEZ]] is administered by [[Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation (APIIC)]]<ref>[http://www.apiic.in/portal/APIICPortal/Opportunities/SEZ+Developed+by+APIIC/DashboardLeftInstWindow?action=2&dashboard_choice=opportunities] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512212607/http://apiic.in/portal/APIICPortal/Opportunities/SEZ+Developed+by+APIIC/DashboardLeftInstWindow?action=2&dashboard_choice=opportunities|date=12 May 2012}} SEZs Assisted by APIIC-Source-[[Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation]]</ref> & Industrial Area Local Authority (IALA). The Government appointed officer controls the planning and building approval processes. A [[Commissioner]] appointed by the [[Government of India]], [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Ministry of Commerce]], administers the (SEZ) area.

The [[Special Economic Zone|SEZ]] was designed by Jurong Consultants, [[Singapore]],<ref>[http://www.siteselection.com/features/2010/sep/Sri-City/] Sri City Master-planned by Jurong Consultants, Singapore – Source – Site Selection Magazine Online</ref> taking into account future dimensions of expansion.<ref>[http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2009/10/04/stories/2009100450560200.htm] Sri City SEZ eyes Rs 20,000-cr turnover-Source-The Hindu Business Line</ref>

== Transport ==
[[File:Sri City Bharatpedia.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Sri City Map with distances]]

Sricity is located in close proximity to [[Asian Highway 45]]. The [[Tirupati Airport]] is the nearest airport (82 km)<ref>{{cite news|title=Set up Nano car project in Sathyavedu SEZ|url=http://hindu.com/2008/08/31/stories/2008083151530300.htm|access-date=24 January 2016|work=The Hindu|date=31 August 2008|language=en-IN|archive-date=14 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914120723/http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/31/stories/2008083151530300.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Tada, Nellore district|Tada]] and [[Arambakkam]] railway stations are nearest railway stations to Sricity.<ref>{{cite web|title=TADA/Tada (3 PFs) Railway Station Map/Atlas – India Rail Info|url=http://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/6646?|website=India Rail Info|access-date=24 January 2016}}</ref><ref>Train Arrival Timings Sullurupeta/SPE-Source-indiarailinfo.com</ref> [[Chennai Port]] and [[Ennore Port]]s are the nearest port to the town.<ref name="ports">Special Economic Zones in India: Recent Developments and Future Prospects, Sri City distance from Chennai, Ennore and Krishnapattnam Ports, refer Page 8-Source-Indian Institute of South Asian Studies, National University of Singapore [http://www.abrazpe.org.br/SEZS%20IN%20INDIA%20-%20RECENT%20DEVELOPMENTS.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011025828/http://www.abrazpe.org.br/SEZS%20IN%20INDIA%20-%20RECENT%20DEVELOPMENTS.pdf|date=11 October 2010}}</ref> While, [[Krishnapatnam Port]] is located {{convert|100|km|mi|abbr=on}} to the north of Sri City.<ref name="ports" />

== See also ==
* [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.sricity.in/ Sricity website]
* [http://www.sezindia.gov.in/ Special Economic Zones in India]
* [https://sricity.org/ City Website for more information about Civic Services & Administrative Offices, Accommodation, Recreation etc]

{{Tirupati district}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sri City}}
[[Category:Towns in Tirupati district]]
[[Category:Industrial parks in India]]
[[Category:Special economic zones]]
[[Category:Tax resistance]]
[[Category:Special Economic Zones of India]]
[[Category:Planned communities in India]]

Laxmi Nagar metro station

2026-01-18T22:09:40Z

Shelia6340: general fix article after review additionally and cleaned formatting

{{Short description|Metro station in Delhi, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2014}}
{{Infobox station
| name = [[File:Delhi Metro logo.svg|50px]] Laxmi Nagar
| type = {{Delhi Metro Infobox station line|line=Blue}}
| style = Delhi Metro
| image = Laxmi Nagar Metro station.jpg
| address = Vikas Marg, Delhi 110092
| coordinates = {{Coord|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| line = {{rcb|Delhi Metro|Blue|croute}}
| other =
| structure = [[Elevated]]
| platform = {{ubl|[[Side platform]]|Platform-1 → {{ltl|Delhi Metro|Blue|R|type=branch}}|Platform-2 → {{ltl|Delhi Metro|Blue|L}}}}
| levels = 2
| tracks = 2
| parking =
| bicycle =
| opened = {{start date and age|2010|1|6|df=yes}}
| closed =
| rebuilt =
| electrified = {{25 kV 50 Hz}} through [[Overhead line|overhead catenary]]
| accessible = Yes {{access icon}}
| code = {{#property:P296}}
| owned = [[Delhi Metro]]
| zone =
| smartcardname =
| smartcardstatus =
| former =
| passengers = 41,262/day 1,279,123/ Month average{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}{{Update inline|date=September 2024}}
| pass_year = Jan 2015
| pass_percent =
| pass_system =
| mpassengers =
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Delhi Metro|line=Blue|type=branch|left=Yamuna Bank|right=Nirman Vihar}}
| route_map = {{Delhi Metro Blue Line Route}}
| map_state = collapsed
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-marker = rail
| mapframe-marker-color = #{{rail color|Delhi Metro|Blue}}
| mapframe-zoom = 14
}}
{{Inline citations|date=September 2024}}

'''Laxmi Nagar''' is a [[metro station]] located on the [[Blue Line (Delhi Metro)|Blue Line]] of the [[Delhi Metro]]. The station opened for public use on 6 January 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.delhimetrorail.com/commuters/station_information.html|title=Station Information|access-date=2010-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609165230/http://www.delhimetrorail.com/commuters/station_information.html|archive-date=9 June 2010}}</ref>

It is one of the busiest stations of the metro network as the neighborhood of [[Laxmi Nagar (Delhi)|Laxmi Nagar]] is home to numerous workers and students.{{Source needed|date=September 2024}}

Public amenities include ATMs, toilets, travel kiosks, and vending machines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Laxmi Nagar |url=https://delhimetrorail.com/station/LN |access-date=13 September 2024 |website=[[Delhi Metro Rail Corporation]]}}</ref> The nearby locality of the station has many coaching centres, bookshops, and restaurants. Moreover, there are a few hotels and numerous retailers of electronic appliances and mobile phones are located within the radius of 1 km of the station.

[[File:Laxmi Nagar metro st. sign board.jpg|thumb|Laxmi Nagar metro st. sign board]]

== Station layout ==
{|table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3
|style="border-top:solid 1px grey;border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" width=50 rowspan=4 valign=top|'''L2'''
|style="border-top:solid 1px grey;border-right:solid 2px black;border-left:solid 2px black;border-bottom:solid 2px black;text-align:center;" colspan=2|[[Side platform]] | Doors will open on the left {{access icon}}
|-
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" width=100|'''Platform 1''' '''Eastbound'''
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" width=500|Towards → {{ltl|Delhi Metro|Blue|R|type=branch}} '''Next Station:''' {{stl|Delhi Metro|Nirman Vihar}}
|-
|'''Platform 2''' '''Westbound'''
|Towards ← {{ltl|Delhi Metro|Blue|L}} '''Next Station:''' {{stl|Delhi Metro|Yamuna Bank}} '''''(Passengers heading towards [[Noida Electronic City metro station|Noida Electronic City]] may alight at the next station)'''''
|-
|style="border-top:solid 2px black;border-right:solid 2px black;border-left:solid 2px black;border-bottom:solid 1px grey;text-align:center;" colspan=2|[[Side platform]] | Doors will open on the left {{access icon}}
|-
|valign=top|'''L1'''
|valign=top|Concourse
|valign=top|Fare control, station agent, Metro Card vending machines, crossover
|-
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey;border-top:solid 1px grey;" width=50 valign=top|'''G'''
|style="border-top:solid 1px grey;border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" width=100 valign=top|Street Level
|style="border-top:solid 1px grey;border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" width=500 valign=top|
|}

*

==Connections==
A nearby metro [[Public transport bus service|feeder bus]] provides connectivity to passengers of the [[Red Line (Delhi Metro)|Red Line]] of and [[New Ashok Nagar metro station|New Ashok Nagar]]. The feeder bus begins the journey from the [[Shastri Park metro station|Shastri Park]] metro station and terminates at New Ashok Nagar. Laxmi Nagar lies in the middle of this route.

==See also==
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|*[[List of Delhi Metro stations]]
*[[Transport in Delhi]]
*[[Delhi Metro Rail Corporation]]
*[[Rapid transit in India|List of rapid transit systems in India]]
*[[Delhi Transport Corporation]]}}

{{Clear}}
{{Portal bar|Trains|Transport|Engineering}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons|Delhi Metro}}
{{Wikivoyage|Delhi}}
* [http://www.delhimetrorail.com/ Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (Official site)]
* [http://www.delhimetrorail.com/annual_report.aspx/ Delhi Metro Annual Reports]
* {{cite web|title=Station Information |work=Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (DMRC) |url=http://www.delhimetrorail.com/commuters/station_information.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619035828/http://delhimetrorail.com/commuters/station_information.html |archive-date=19 June 2010}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121229000821/http://www.laxminagarinfo.com/ Laxmi Nagar Information]
* [https://www.urbanrail.net ''UrbanRail.Net''] – descriptions of all metro systems in the world, each with a schematic map showing all stations.

{{Delhi Metro}}
{{Delhi & NCR Metro stations|blue line=yes}}

[[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 2010]]
[[Category:Delhi Metro stations]]
[[Category:Railway stations in East Delhi district]]

{{Delhi-metro-stub}}
{{Delhi-railstation-stub}}

Ahaetulla oxyrhyncha

2026-01-13T10:40:07Z

Shelia6340:

{{Short description|Species of snake}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Indian or Long-nosed vine snake
| image = Green vine snake or Long nosed whip snake.jpg
| image_caption = At [[Nehru Zoological Park]], [[Hyderabad]]
| taxon = Ahaetulla oxyrhyncha
| authority = ([[Thomas Bell (zoologist)|Bell]], 1825)
}}
[[File:Ahaetulla_nasuta_in_a_threat_display.jpg|thumb|''Ahaetulla oxyrhyncha'', [[Ezhimala]], Kerala, India. Note the distinct black and white interstices.]]

The '''Indian vine snake''' or '''long-nosed vine snake''' ('''''Ahaetulla oxyrhyncha''''') is a species of [[Diurnality|diurnal]], mildly [[venomous]], [[arboreal]] snake distributed in the lowlands of [[South India|peninsular India]].Often mistakenly believed to peck out peoples' eyes, this misconception has led to widespread wanton killing of this species.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Mallik|first1=Ashok Kumar|last2=Srikanthan|first2=Achyuthan N.|last3=Pal|first3=Saunak P.|last4=D'souza|first4=Princia Margaret|last5=Shanker|first5=Kartik|last6=Ganesh|first6=Sumaithangi Rajagopalan|date=2020-11-06|title=Disentangling vines: a study of morphological crypsis and genetic divergence in vine snakes (Squamata: Colubridae: Ahaetulla ) with the description of five new species from Peninsular India |journal=Zootaxa|language=en|volume=4874|issue=1|pages=1–62|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4874.1.1|pmid=33311335 |s2cid=228823754 |issn=1175-5334}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-11-14|title=New species of vine snakes discovered|language=en-IN|newspaper=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/new-species-of-vine-snakes-discovered/article33097126.ece|access-date=2020-11-26|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=The discovery of five new species of vine snakes in India|url=https://phys.org/news/2020-11-discovery-species-vine-snakes-india.html|access-date=2020-11-26|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref>

== Description ==
A thin and slender-bodied snake that is usually bright grassy green in colour. A pair of white lines extend throughout its body length demarcating the back and under belly parts. Adults reach over {{Convert|5|ft}} in length. They have unique [[Horizontal plane|horizontal]] [[pupil]] in the [[eye]]. Formerly misclassified as ''A. nasuta'', ''A. oxyrhyncha'' is actually a much larger-bodied species that also has a much longer snout.<ref name=":1" /> Indian green vine snakes (genus Ahaetulla) are strongly arboreal, meaning they live in trees and bushes, using their slender bodies and camouflage to mimic branches for hunting lizards and frogs and avoiding predators. They are diurnal (active during the day) and rely on their perfect camouflage and binocular vision for hunting in foliage.

==Venrnacular Languauge==
In [[Telugu language|Telugu]], it is known as '''pasarika pamu'''

== Geographic range ==
This species is distributed throughout the drier plains and low hilly tracts of Peninsular [[India]], except the [[Western Ghats]] [[rainforest]].<ref name=":0" />

== Habitat ==
It is found in many types of vegetation including [[arid]] to [[Semi-arid climate|semi-arid]] habitats and in [[Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests|dry deciduous forests]], as well as open areas such as [[Deccan thorn scrub forests|scrub forests]], [[Malabar Coast moist forests|coastal forests]], and [[Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands|Indian savannah]]. This species has been often sighted in and around human habitations in villages and countrysides and even in some city Parks.<ref name=":0" />

== Taxonomy ==
It was described as a distinct species in 1825 based on drawings of snakes from [[Vishakapatnam]], but later considered as same species and confused with ''[[Ahaetulla nasuta|A. nasuta]]'', that is only endemic to Sri Lanka. A 2020 study found ''A. nasuta'' to be a [[species complex]] of ''A. nasuta [[sensu stricto]]'' and several species endemic to the [[Western Ghats]] (''[[Ahaetulla borealis|A. borealis]]'', ''[[Ahaetulla farnsworthi|A. farnsworthi]]'', ''[[Ahaetulla isabellina|A. isabellina]]'', and ''[[Ahaetulla malabarica|A. malabarica]])''.<ref name=":0" />

===Venom===
The snake is mildly venomous. Bites from this species produce a moderate reaction in humans, causing localized pain, swelling, bruising, and numbness that typically resolves within three days. Bites typically do not require medical attention, but some cases involving bites near vital organs could be more severe

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q102109393}}

[[Category:Ahaetulla|oxyrhyncha]]
[[Category:Endemic reptiles of India]]
[[Category:Snakes of Asia]]
[[Category:Reptiles described in 1825]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Thomas Bell (zoologist)]]

List of Indian state days

2026-01-11T12:11:43Z

Shelia6340:

{{use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Short description|Foundation (or statehood) Day of Indian States}}
The [[India|Union of India]] is a [[Federalism in India|federal]] union made up of 28 [[States and union territories of India|states]] and 8 [[Union territory|union territories]]. India achieved [[Independence Day (India)|independence]] from [[British Raj]] on 15 August 1947 and became a [[Republic Day (India)|republic]] on 26 January 1950. Many states celebrate a [[National Day|state day]] to mark its formation, statehood, reorganisation or other associated events while some like [[Assam]] and [[West Bengal|Bengal]] celebrate it on other specific days. Some of the states and union territories have declared official holidays. State functions, parades, cultural events and award ceremonies are generally organized. Many states celebrate their state day on their formation date or statehood date.

==List==
===States===
{|class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:left;" style="font-size: 85%"
!style="width:8em;"|State
!Day
!Date
!Significance
!Timeline
!Ref.
|-
|[[Andhra Pradesh]]
|[[Andhra Pradesh Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Reorganisation (1956)
|
*1953 {{ndash}} [[State of Andhra]] separated from the [[State of Madras]] by [[Andhra State Act, 1953]]
*1956 {{ndash}} Merged with [[Hyderabad State (1948–1956)|State of Hyderabad]] to form the State of Andhra Pradesh by [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]]
|<ref>{{cite news|title=After a gap of 5 years, Andhra to celebrate its formation day on Friday|url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/south/after-a-gap-of-5-years-andhra-to-celebrate-its-formation-day-on-friday/story-yKYDwQO4Q8ztjGVfRDf9sM_amp.html|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=31 October 2019|access-date=13 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Arunachal Pradesh]]
|[[Arunachal Pradesh Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||2|20}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Statehood (1987)
|
*1972 {{ndash}} Created as a union territory from Assam by [[North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971]]
*1987 {{ndash}} Converted to a state by State of Arunachal Pradesh Act, 1986
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Amit Shah To Visit Arunachal Pradesh On February 20, To Attend Statehood Day Function|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/home-minister-amit-shah-to-visit-arunachal-pradesh-for-statehood-day-function-on-february-20-2182104|publisher=[[NDTV]]|date=18 February 2020|access-date=13 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Assam]]
|[[Assam Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||12|2}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Establishment of [[Ahom kingdom]] (1228)
Technically Statehood (1950)
|
*1874 {{ndash}} Divided from [[Bengal Presidency]] to form [[North-East Frontier Province]]
*1905 {{ndash}} Merged into [[Eastern Bengal and Assam]]
*1912 {{ndash}} Re-established as [[Province of Assam]]
*1950 {{ndash}} Achieved statehood as State of Assam
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/assam-day-celebrated-at-42nd-india-international-trade-fair-202320231122220621/|title=Assam Day celebrated at 42nd India International Trade Fair 2023|date=22 November 2023|publisher=ANI News|access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Bihar]]
|[[Bihar Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||3|22}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1912)
|
*1912 {{ndash}} Founded as [[Province of Bihar and Orissa]]
*1936 {{ndash}} Divided to form [[Province of Bihar]] by [[Government of India Act 1935]]
*1950 {{ndash}} Achieved statehood as State of Bihar
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Bihar Diwas marks public Holiday in Bihar|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2012/03/bihar-diwas-marks-public-holiday-in-bihar/|publisher=Bihar Prabha|access-date=1 November 2023|date=22 March 2014}}</ref>
|-
|[[Chhattisgarh]]
|[[Chhattisgarh Rajyotsava]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (2000)
|
*2000 {{ndash}} Divided from Madhya Pradesh by [[Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000]]
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Foundation day celebration to mark state's growth|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/foundation-day-celebration-to-mark-state-s-growth-111110100092_1.html|newspaper=Business Standard|last=Das|first=R. Krishna|date=21 January 2013|access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Goa]]
|[[Goa Liberation Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||12|19}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Liberation (1961)
|rowspan="2"|
*1961 {{ndash}} Annexed to India after [[Liberation of Goa|Portuguese-Indian War]] as a part of [[Goa, Daman and Diu|Union Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu]]
*1987 {{ndash}} Made a State by State of Goa Act, 1986
|<ref>{{cite news|last=Bose|first=Abhimanyu|title=Country Celebrates 57th Goa Liberation Day, Parade Held In Coastal State |url=https://www.ndtv.com/goa-news/goa-liberation-day-2018-as-manohar-parrikar-sends-wishes-a-brief-history-of-goa-liberation-day-1965087 |publisher=[[NDTV]]|date=19 December 2018|access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Goa Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||5|30}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Statehood (1987)
|<ref>{{cite news|title=On Goa Statehood Day, PM Modi, President Kovind Greet People|url=https://www.ndtv.com/goa-news/goa-statehood-day-president-ramnath-kovind-pramod-sawant-leaders-greet-people-2045360|newspaper=[[NDTV]]|last=Taneja|first=Richa|date=30 May 2019|access-date=21 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Gujarat]]
|[[Gujarat Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||5|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1960)
|
*1924 {{ndash}} Organised as [[States of Western India Agency]]
*1944 {{ndash}} Reorganised as [[Baroda, Western India and Gujarat States Agency]]
*1948 {{ndash}} Organized as [[State of Saurashtra]] and [[United State of Kathiawar]]
*1956 {{ndash}} Merged with [[State of Bombay]] per States Reorganisation Act, 1956
*1960 {{ndash}} [[State of Bombay]] bifurcated to form State of Gujarat
|<ref>{{cite news|last=Trivedi|first=Anesh K.|title=Gujarat Day 2021: Know All About The Formation Of Gujarat State|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/gujarat-day-2021-know-all-about-the-formation-of-gujarat-state-2446084|newspaper=[[NDTV]]|date=1 May 2021|access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Haryana]]
|[[Haryana Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1966)
|
*1966 {{ndash}} Carved out from the [[State of Punjab]] by [[Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966]]
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Haryana Day celebrated with patriotic fervour|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/haryana-day-celebrated-with-patriotic |newspaper=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]|date=2 November 2021|access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Himachal Pradesh]]
|[[Himachal Pradesh Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||1|25}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1971)
|
*1948 {{ndash}} Organized as [[Chief Commissioner's Province]] of Himachal Pradesh
*1971 {{ndash}} Achieved statehood by [[The State of Himachal Pradesh Act, 1970|State of Himachal Pradesh Act, 1970]]
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Know Your State – Him of|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/supplements/know-state-himachal-pradesh-1502547088.html|newspaper=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]|date=25 January 2000|access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Jharkhand]]
|[[Jharkhand Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|15}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (2000)
|
*2000 {{ndash}} Divided from Bihar by [[Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Jharkhand foundation day 2022: Facts about its history, formation, politics etc|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/jharkhand-foundation-day-2022-facts-about-its-history-formation-politics-etc/articleshow/95532356.cms|date=15 November 2022|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=6 March 2024}}</ref>
|-
|[[Karnataka]]
|[[Karnataka Rajyotsava]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Reorganisation (1956)
|
* Originally the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] in the Indian Empire
*1948 {{ndash}} Admitted as [[State of Mysore]] in the Indian Union
*1956 {{ndash}} Southern Kannada-speaking parts of Bombay State added to Mysore State per States Reorganisation Act, 1956
*1973 {{ndash}} Renamed as State of Karnataka
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Karnataka Rajyotsava: Why Karnataka celebrates its formatio of|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/karnataka-rajyotsava-why-karnataka-celebrates-its-formation-day-70899|newspaper=[[The News Minute]]|date=1 November 2019|access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kerala]]
|[[Kerala Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1956)
|
*1949 {{ndash}} Organized as [[Travancore-Cochin]] State from former [[Kingdom of Cochin]] and [[Kingdom of Travancore]] in the Indian Empire
*1956 {{ndash}} Merged with parts of [[Madras State]] to form State of Kerala by [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]]
|<ref>{{cite news|last=Hridayesh|first=Pisharoty|title=Kerala Piravi 201» had ordered merger of Bhavnagar its on|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kerala-piravi-2019-it-was-day-pattom-thankachan-led-aicc-125929 |newspaper=[[The News Minute]]|date=1 November 2019|access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Madhya Pradesh]]
|[[Madhya Pradesh Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1956)
|
*1956 {{ndash}} Created by merging [[Madhya Bharat]], [[Vindhya Pradesh]], [[Central Provinces and Berar]] and [[Bhopal State]] by [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]]
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Madhya Pradesh Foundation Day: Know history, significance of state foundation day celebrated on November 1|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/information/story/madhya-pradesh-foundation-day-know-history-significance-of-state-foundation-day-celebrated-on-november-1-1842381-2021-11-01|date=1 November 2021|access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Maharashtra]]
|[[Maharashtra Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||5|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1960)
|
*1960 {{ndash}} Bifurcation of [[State of Bombay]] to form State of Maharashtra by [[Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960]]
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Maharashtra Day 2021: Why state celebrates its foundation day on May 1|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/information/story/maharashtra-day-2021-why-state-celebrates-its-foundation-day-on-may-1-1796950-2021-05-01|date=1 May 2021|access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Manipur]]
|[[Manipur Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||1|21}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Statehood (1972)
|
*1972 {{ndash}} Achieved statehood by [[State of Manipur Act, 1971]]
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Manipur Statehood Day celebrated|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/manipur-statehood-day-celebrated/1687|publisher=[[Outlook India]]|date=21 January 2018|access-date=23 November 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Meghalaya]]
|[[Meghalaya Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||1|21}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Statehood (1972)
|
*1970 {{ndash}} Established as an autonomous state in Assam by Assam Reorganisation (Meghalaya) Act, 1969
*1972 {{ndash}} Achieved statehood by [[North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Meghalaya celebrates Statehood Day|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/meghalaya-celebrates-statehood-day/article38449651.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=21 January 2022|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Mizoram]]
|[[Mizoram Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||2|20}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Statehood (1987)
|
*1971 {{ndash}} Founded as a union territory by North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971
*1987 {{ndash}} Established as Mizoram state by State of Mizoram Act, 1986
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Mizoram statehood day: President Kovind, PM Modi extend greetings|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mizoram-statehood-day-president-kovind-pm-modi-extend-greetings-101613615596340.html|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=20 February 2021|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Nagaland]]
|[[Nagaland Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||12|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1963)
|
*1963 {{ndash}} Statehood given by State of Nagaland Act, 1962
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Here's why Nagaland celebrates statehood day on December 1|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/nagaland-statehood-day-2021-1887892-2021-12-01|newspaper=[[India Today]]|date=1 December 2021|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Odisha]]
|[[Odisha Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||5|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1936)
|
*1912 {{ndash}} Founded as [[Province of Bihar and Orissa]]
*1936 {{ndash}} Divided to form [[Province of Orissa]] by Government of India Act 1935
*2011 {{ndash}} Renamed as Odisha by [[The Orissa (Alteration of Name) Act, 2011|Orissa (Alteration of Name) Act, 2011]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Odisha Day 2022: History, significance and celebrations of Utkal Divas|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/odisha-day-2022-history-significance-and-celebrations-of-utkal-divas/856069|newspaper=Times Now|date=1 April 2022|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
|[[Punjab Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Reorganisation (1966)
|
*1947 {{ndash}} Founded as [[East Punjab Province]] from Undivided [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]]
*1950 {{ndash}} Renamed as [[Punjab State]]
*1966 {{ndash}} Reorganised by [[Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=8 Indian states celebrate their formation day today. PM Modi extends greetings|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/8-indian-states-celebrate-their-formation-day-today-pm-modi-extends-greetings-653858/amp|publisher=WION}}</ref>
|-
|[[Rajasthan]]
|[[Rajasthan Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1949)
|
*1949 {{ndash}} Founded as United State of Rajasthan from erstwhile [[United States of Matsya|Matsya]] and Rajasthan
*1950 {{ndash}} Renamed as Rajasthan
*1956 {{ndash}} Reorganized by States Reorganisation Act, 1956
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Rajasthan Diwas 2021: 71st Foundation Day of Rajasthan|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/rajasthan-diwas-1425876665-1|publisher=Jagran Josh|date=30 March 2021|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Sikkim]]
|[[Sikkim Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||5|16}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1975)
|
*Originally the [[Kingdom of Sikkim]] in the Indian Empire
*1975 {{ndash}} Accession and establishment by the 35th amendment to the [[Constitution of India]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Today is Sikkim Day: 46 years of becoming India's 22nd state|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/today-is-sikkim-day-46-years-of-becoming-indias-22nd-state/345054|publisher=Times Now|date=16 May 2019|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Tamil Nadu]]
|[[Tamil Nadu Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||7|18}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Renaming of Madras to Tamil Nadu (1969)
|
*1950 {{ndash}} [[Province of Madras]] renamed as [[State of Madras]]
*1953 {{ndash}} Divided by [[Andhra State Act, 1953]]
*1956 {{ndash}} Reorganized by [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]]
*1969 {{ndash}} Renamed as Tamil Nadu by Madras State (Alteration of name) Act, 1968
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=In Pictures: How Madras became Tamil Nadu|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/photo/in-pictures-how-madras-became-tamil-nadu-1954755-2022-01-14|publisher=India Today|date=14 January 2022|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Telangana]]
|[[Telangana Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||6|2}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (2014)
|
*2014 {{ndash}} Divided from [[Andhra Pradesh (1956–2014)|Andhra Pradesh]] by [[Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Telangana Formation Day 2021: History, significance and celebrations of the day|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/telangana-formation-day-2021-history-significance-and-celebrations-of-the-day/772660|newspaper=Times Now|date=2 June 2021|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Tripura]]
|[[Tripura Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||1|21}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Statehood (1972)
|
*1949 {{ndash}} [[Tripura (princely state)|Tripura]] acceded to the Indian Union by [[Tripura Merger Agreement]]
*1950 {{ndash}} Became a part C state by Constitution of India
*1956 {{ndash}} Organized as a union territory by States Reorganisation Act, 1956
*1972 {{ndash}} Achieved statehood by North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Statehood Day: 10 facts about Tripura, the 'Land of Two Kings'|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/statehood-day-10-facts-about-tripura-the-land-of-two-kings/725146|publisher=Times Now|date=21 January 2021|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Uttar Pradesh]]
|[[Uttar Pradesh Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Statehood and renaming United Provinces to Uttar Pradesh (1950)
|
*1902 {{ndash}} Founded as [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh]] from [[North-Western Provinces and Oudh|North-Western Provinces]]
*1936 {{ndash}} Renamed as United Province by Government of India Act 1935
*1950 {{ndash}} Reorganized as state of Uttar Pradesh with addition of parts of [[Delhi Territory]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Uttar Pradesh Diwas: State celebrates 71st Foundation Day|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/uttar-pradesh-diwas-state-celebrates-71st-foundation-day/articleshow/74250094.cms|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|date=24 January 2021|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[Uttarakhand]]
|[[Uttarakhand Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|9}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (2000)
|
*2000 {{ndash}} Divided from Uttar Pradesh by [[Uttar Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Uttarakhand Foundation Day 2021: Know history, significance, and celebrations of state's 21st Foundation Day|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/uttarakhand-foundation-day-2021-know-history-significance-and-celebrations-of-state-s-21st-foundation-day-1885533-2021-11-08|publisher=India Today|date=9 November 2021|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[West Bengal]]
|[[West Bengal Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||4|15}}{{refn|group=note|name=WB|As of September 7, 2023, the West Bengal Assembly passed a resolution to make Poila Baisakh (Bengali New Year) on April 15 as Bengal Day, or West Bengal Foundation Day, also known as Bangla Dibas. The first day of the Bengali calendar, Poila Boisakh, will be celebrated on April <ref>{{Cite web | title=West Bengal government notifies Poila Boisakh as State Day and Banglar Mati Banglar Jal as State Song - The Hindu | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kolkata/west-bengal-government-notifies-poila-boisakh-as-state-day-and-banglar-mati-banglar-jal-as-state-song/article67693230.ece | access-date=2025-09-17 | website=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>15 in 2024}}
|style="text-align:center;"|[[Pohela Boishakh]]
Technically Statehood (1950)
|
*1947 {{ndash}} [[Province of Bengal]] divided to form Province of West Bengal
*1950 {{ndash}} Gained statehood as State of West Bengal
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=West Bengal Foundation Day: History, significance, and celebrations of the day|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/west-bengal-foundation-day-history-significance-and-celebrations-of-the-day/892146|newspaper=Times Now|date=20 June 2022|access-date=2 November 2021}}</ref>
|}

===Union territories===
{|class="sortable wikitable"style="font-size: 85%"
!style="width:8em;" style="text-align:center;"|Union Territory
!style="width:12em;"|Day
!style="width:6em;"|{{Tooltip|Date|Day designated for observance by the state}}
!style="width:6em;"|{{Tooltip|Significance|Significance of the day}}
!Timeline
!style="width:2em;"|{{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
|[[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]
|Andaman and Nicobar Day
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Union Territory (1956)
|
*1950 {{ndash}} A Part D state
*1956 {{ndash}} Established as union territory by the [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Foundation Day of 5 states, 3 Union Territories: Check brief history, PM Modi's messages|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/foundation-day-of-5-states-3-union-territories-check-brief-history-pm-modis-messages/1368414/|publisher=Financial Times|date=1 November 2018|access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Chandigarh]]
|Chandigarh Day
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1966)
|
*1953 {{ndash}} Established as capital of East Punjab
*1966 {{ndash}} Reorganized as union territory Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chandigarh looks back at 51 years, flashback at Parade Ground|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/city-looks-back-at-51-years-flashback-at-parade-ground/articleshow/61427051.cms|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|author=Behal, Arsh|date=2 November 2017|access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu]]
|Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Day
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||1|26}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (2020)
|
*1961 {{ndash}} Annexed to India after [[Liberation of Goa|Indo-Portuguese War]] as a part of [[Goa, Daman and Diu|Union Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu]]
*1987 {{ndash}} Reorganized as union territories of [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]] and [[Daman and Diu]] by State of Goa Act, 1986
*2020 {{ndash}} Reorganized by merging by Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (Merger of Union Territories) Act, 2019
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Daman and Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli to be one Union Territory from January 26|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/daman-and-diu-dadra-and-nagar-haveli-to-be-one-union-territory-from-january-26/article30350549.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 December 2019|access-date=6 July 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Delhi]]
|[[Delhi Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Union Territory (1956)
|
*1911 {{ndash}} Established as the Chief Commissioner's Province of Delhi and Capital of India
*1956 {{ndash}} Reorganized as union territory by States Reorganisation Act, 1956
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Formation day: These Indian states were formed on November 1|date=November 2019 |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/fyi/rajyotsava-indian-states-formation-day-november-1-560506|publisher=India TV|access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
|[[Accession Day (Jammu and Kashmir)|Jammu and Kashmir Accession Day]]
|style="text-align:center;" |{{dts|format=dmy||10|26}}
|style="text-align:center;" |Accession (1947)
| rowspan="2"|
*1947 {{ndash}} [[Instrument of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir)|Accession]] to India
*2019 {{ndash}} Reorganized as union territory by [[Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019]]
| <ref name=":holidays">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=1 March 2021|title=Jammu and Kashmir government holiday list 2021|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/information/story/jammu-and-kashmir-government-holiday-list-2021-1773993-2021-03-01|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-12|website=India Today|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301070608/https://www.indiatoday.in/information/story/jammu-and-kashmir-government-holiday-list-2021-1773993-2021-03-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 }}</ref>
|-
| -
|style="text-align:center;" |{{dts|format=dmy||10|31}}
|style="text-align:center;" |Union Territory (2019)
|<ref name="JK-LA">{{Cite news|title=Modi govt sets Oct 31 as J&K, Ladakh UTs' birthday|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/modi-govt-sets-oct-31-as-jk-ladakh-uts-birthday-753289.html|publisher=Deccan Herald|author=Joy, Shemin|date=9 August 2019|access-date=6 July 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Ladakh]]
|[[Ladakh Day]]
|style="text-align:center;" |{{dts|format=dmy||10|31}}
|style="text-align:center;" |Formation (2019)
|*2019 {{ndash}} Formed as union territory by [[Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019]]
|<ref name="JK-LA">{{Cite news|title=Modi govt sets Oct 31 as J&K, Ladakh UTs' birthday|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/modi-govt-sets-oct-31-as-jk-ladakh-uts-birthday-753289.html|publisher=Deccan Herald|author=Joy, Shemin|date=9 August 2019|access-date=6 July 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Lakshadweep]]
|[[Lakshadweep Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|Formation (1956)
|
*1956 {{ndash}} Split from Madras state to create union territory by States Reorganisation Act, 1956
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Lakshadweep celebrates 63rd formation day today|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/lakshadweep-celebrates-63rd-formation-day-today/articleshow/66453906.cms|newspaper=[[Times of India]]|author=Tom, Disney|date=1 November 2018|access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]
|[[Treaty establishing De Jure Cession of French Establishments in India|Puducherry Liberation Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||11|1}}
|style="text-align:center;"|De Facto (unofficial) transfer (1954)
|rowspan="2"|
*1954 {{ndash}} De facto cession of French establishments of India
*1962 {{ndash}} De jure transfer to India
*1963 {{ndash}} Organized as union territory
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Puducherry to celebrate 'Formation Day' on Nov 1|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/Puducherry-to-celebrate-lsquoFormation-Dayrsquo-on-Nov-1/article15798191.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=1 November 2010|access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[History_of_Puducherry#Separation_from_France|De Jure Transfer Day]]
|style="text-align:center;"|{{dts|format=dmy||8|16}}
|style="text-align:center;"|De Jure (official) transfer (1962)
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/puducherry/de-jure-transfer-anniversary-held-in-union-territory-national-flag-hoisted/article67201855.ece|title=De Jure Transfer anniversary held in Union Territory; national flag hoisted|date=16 August 2023|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=1 November 2023}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
* [[List of Indian state symbols]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Symbols of Indian states}}
{{Indian state foundation days}}

[[Category:Indian state foundation days| ]]
[[Category:Indian culture-related lists|State foundation days]]
[[Category:Lists of Indian state symbols|Foundation days]]

Vimal Pariyar

2025-12-20T01:03:22Z

Shelia6340: added some data nd citations

{{short description|Indian footballer (born 1986)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Vimal Pariyar
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| fullname = Vimal Pariyar
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1986|3|7|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Darjeeling]], [[West Bengal]], India
| height = 
| position = [[Forward (association football)|Forward]]
| currentclub =
| clubnumber =
| youthyears1 =
| youthclubs1 = [[Tata Football Academy|Tata FA]]
| years1 = 2003–2006
| clubs1 = [[Tata Football Academy|Tata FA]]
| caps1 =
| goals1 =
| years2 = 2006–2008
| clubs2 = [[East Bengal F.C.|East Bengal]]
| caps2 =
| goals2 =
| years3 = 2008–2009
| clubs3 = [[Mohammedan S.C. (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
| caps3 =
| goals3 =
| years4 = 2009–2011
| clubs4 = [[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
| caps4 =
| goals4 =
| nationalyears1 = 2004
| nationalteam1 = [[India national under-20 football team|India U20]]
| nationalcaps1 =
| nationalgoals1 =
| nationalyears2 = 2005
| nationalteam2 = [[India national football team|India]]
| nationalcaps2 = 2
| nationalgoals2 = 0
| club-update =
| nationalteam-update =
}}
'''Vimal Pariyar''' (born 7 March 1986) is a former Indian professional [[Association football|footballer]] who played as a [[Forward (association football)|forward]]. During his career, he was trained at the [[Tata Football Academy]] before becoming professional at [[East Bengal F.C.|East Bengal]]. He also played for [[Mohammedan S.C. (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]] and [[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]. Pariyar also represented [[India national football team|India]] internationally, earning 2 caps in 2005.

==Club career==
Born in [[Darjeeling]], [[West Bengal]],<ref name="toi">{{cite news |title=Pariyar wants to move out, doesn't know how |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Pariyar-wants-to-move-out-doesnt-know-how/articleshow/960216.cms |accessdate=3 September 2020 |work=The Times of India |date=16 December 2004}}</ref> Pariyar began his career at the [[Tata Football Academy]] in [[Jharkhand]].<ref name="ACC">{{cite news |title=Pariyar stars in India's win |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/sports/report-pariyar-stars-in-india-s-win-1021492 |accessdate=3 September 2020 |publisher=DNA India |date=1 April 2006}}</ref> While playing for Tata, Pariyar also represented both [[Jharkhand football team|Jharkhand]] and [[West Bengal football team|West Bengal]] in the [[Santosh Trophy]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Santosh Trophy 2005 |url=http://www.indianfootball.de/seasons/2005-06st.html |website=indianfootball.de}}</ref><ref name="st">{{cite web |title=Santosh Trophy 2006 |url=http://www.indianfootball.de/seasons/2006-07st.html |website=indianfootball.de}}</ref> During the [[2006–07 Santosh Trophy|2006–07]] tournament, Pariyar scored 4 goals in West Bengal's opening match against [[Rajasthan football team|Rajasthan]] on 14 September and then 3 goals against [[Madhya Pradesh football team|Madhya Pradesh]] on 18 September.<ref name="st"/> He would end the tournament with 8 goals total as West Bengal finished as tournament runners-up.<ref name="st"/> While with Tata FA, Pariyar also represented the club in the National Football League 2nd Division.<ref>{{cite news |title=TFA down ASEB 2-1, AI hold BSF |url=https://www.rediff.com/sports/2003/mar/30nfl.htm |accessdate=3 September 2020 |work=Rediff |date=29 March 2003}}</ref>

After graduating from the Tata Football Academy, Pariyar signed with [[National Football League (India)|National Football League]] side [[East Bengal F.C.|East Bengal]].<ref>{{cite news |title=EB pay the penalty as Ashim misfires |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/eb-pay-the-penalty-as-ashim-misfires-premier-division-mom-karmakar-helps-e-rly-earn-a-point/cid/1064630 |accessdate=3 September 2020 |publisher=Telegraph India |date=2 September 2006}}</ref> He stayed at the club for two seasons before joining local Kolkata rivals [[Mohammedan S.C. (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]. He scored his only goal for the club in [[I-League]] on 14 November 2008 against [[Vasco S.C.|Vasco]]. He scored the game's only goal in the 86th minute to give Mohammedan a 1–0 victory.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mohammedan 1–0 Vasco |url=https://us.soccerway.com/matches/2008/11/14/india/i-league/mohammedan-sporting-club/vasco-sports-club/716192/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref> Pariyar stayed with Mohammedan for one season before signing with [[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]. Pariyar's only goal with Churchill Brothers came on 11 March 2010 against [[Chirag United Club Kerala|Viva Kerala]]. He scored a 90th-minute equalizer to end the match 1–1.<ref>{{cite web |title=Viva Kerala 1–1 Churchill Brothers |url=https://us.soccerway.com/matches/2010/03/11/india/i-league/viva-kerala/churchill-brothers-sc/914325/ |website=Soccerway}}</ref>

On 13 September 2011, it was revealed that Pariyar had left Churchill Brothers prior to the [[2011–12 I-League|2011–12]] season.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Srivastava |first1=Ayush |title=I-League Club Analysis: Churchill Brothers Sports Club - The Family Run Venture |url=https://www.goal.com/en-india/news/2292/editorials/2011/09/13/2662553/i-league-club-analysis-churchill-brothers-sports-club-the-family- |accessdate=3 September 2020 |work=Goal.com |date=13 September 2011}}</ref>

==International career==
While at the [[Tata Football Academy]], Pariyar was selected to the [[India national under-20 football team|India under-20]] side which participated in the [[Football at the 2004 South Asian Games|2004 South Asian Games]].<ref name="sag">{{cite web |title=India squad South Asian Games 2004 |url=http://www.indianfootball.de/specials/india/indianteam/2004safgames.html |website=indianfootball.de}}</ref> He started 3 matches as India managed to reach the final.<ref name="sag"/> Pariyar was then given his senior international debut for [[India national football team|India]] on 12 August 2005 against [[Fiji national football team|Fiji]]. He started and played the whole match as India were defeated 1–0.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fiji 1-0 India |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/17352/Fiji_India.html |website=national-football-teams}}</ref> He then earned his second cap two days later again against Fiji. The time he started but was substituted off as India lost 2–1.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fiji 2–1 India |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/17353/Fiji_India.html |website=national-football-teams}}</ref>

In March 2006 it was announced that Pariyar had been selected to the under-20 side for the [[2006 AFC Challenge Cup]].<ref>{{cite news |title=N Pradeep to lead India in AFC Challenge Cup |url=https://www.oneindia.com/2006/03/30/n-pradeep-to-lead-india-in-afc-challenge-cup-1143700510.html |accessdate=3 September 2020 |work=OneIndia |date=30 March 2006}}</ref> Pariyar scored a brace for India in their first match against [[Afghanistan national football team|Afghanistan]] as India won 2–0.<ref name="rsssf">{{cite web |title=India AFC Challenge Cup 2006 |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/afc-emerging06.html |website=RSSSF}}</ref> He then scored another goal in India's next match against the [[Philippines national football team|Philippines]] as the match ended 1–1. India were soon knocked out in the quarter-finals by [[Nepal national football team|Nepal]].<ref name="rsssf"/>

==International statistics==
{{updated|match played 14 August 2005}}<ref name="nft">{{cite web |title=Vimal Pariyar NFT Profile |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/8410/Vimal_Pariyar.html |website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan=3|[[India national football team|India national team]]
|-
!Year!!Apps!!Goals
|-
|2005||2||0
|-
!Total||2||0
|}

==Honours==

'''India U20'''
* [[Football at the South Asian Games|South Asian Games]] Silver medal: [[Football at the 2004 South Asian Games|2004]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Soccerway|68260}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pariyar, Vimal}}
[[Category:1986 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian men's footballers]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Darjeeling]]
[[Category:Men's association football forwards]]
[[Category:Tata Football Academy players]]
[[Category:East Bengal Club players]]
[[Category:Mohammedan SC (Kolkata) players]]
[[Category:Churchill Brothers FC players]]
[[Category:National Football League (India) players]]
[[Category:I-League players]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]
[[Category:Calcutta Football League players]]
[[Category:Goa Professional League players]]
[[Category:Santosh Trophy players]]
[[Category:Footballers from West Bengal]]
[[Category:India men's international footballers]]
[[Category:India men's youth international footballers]]
[[Category:Khas people]]
[[Category:South Asian Games silver medalists for India]]
[[Category:South Asian Games medalists in football]]

Mothkur

2025-12-05T01:08:58Z

Shelia6340: added info

{{More citations needed|date=June 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Mothkur
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name = Mothkur
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Village]]
| image_skyline = File:Mothkur Cheruvu.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Mothkur Mini Tank band
| pushpin_map = India Telangana#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Mothkur (Telangana)
| coordinates = {{coord|17.456900|N|79.259200|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Telangana]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district|Yadadri Bhuvanagiri]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
|
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name=census>{{cite web|title=District Census Handbook – Nalgonda|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2808_PART_B_DCHB_NALGONDA.pdf|website=Census of India|accessdate=8 February 2016|page=13,218|format=PDF}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 34.18
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 309
| population_total = 12616
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="census" />
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 508277
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 91 8694
| registration_plate = TS 05
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Bhuvanagiri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bhuvanagiri]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = Tungathurthy
| website = {{URL|telangana.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Mothkur''' is a Municipality and also a [[mandal]] headquarter situated in [[Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district]] in the Indian state of [[Telangana]].It is also a Taluka ertswhile. Mothkur is located 90 kilometers away from the Telangana's capital city, [[Hyderabad]].

== Geography ==
[[File:Market Arch in Mothkur.jpg|thumb|Agricultural Market, mothkur]]
Mothkur is located at {{Coord|17.4500|N|79.2667|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/02/Motkur.html Motkur at Fallingrain.com]</ref> It has an average elevation of 292 metres (961 ft).

== Etymology ==
The name Mothkur evolved from Modhuga-luru.the village was rich in modhuga plants at olden times.

== Demographics ==
[[File:Mothkur3.jpg|thumb|Zilla Parishad High School, mothkur]]
Mothkur town Total population is 12616 and number of houses are 3202. Female Population is 49.3%. town literacy rate is 64.2% and the Female Literacy rate is 27.5%.

The population of Mothkur Mandal as per 2001 census is 55638 and 2011 census is 55699 with a very less growth % of 0.11.the nearby mandals are Addagudur, which was excerpted from mothkur as a new mandal.Mothkur municipality now emerged as a big town with population over twenty thousand.

== Politics ==
Mothkur is situated in the assembly constituency of [[Thungathurthi Assembly constituency|Tungathurty]], and Parliamentary constituency of [[Bhongir Lok Sabha constituency|Bhuvanagiri]].

It is a former Taluka. and this was under Ramannapet constituency earlier.
Political Stalwarts like Gurram Yadagiri Reddy Uppunuthala Purushottam Reddy, Kalvala Prabhakar Rao, N.Preetham K.RamakrishnaReddy belongs to this region.

Mothkur is Epicentre during CPI led Telangana SayudhaPoratam and also in later period.

There are huge demands for a Government Degree college and TSRTC Bus Depot, Revenue Division

30 bedded Government Hospital

There is Widespread demand among people to Declare Mothkur as Assembly constituency with Mothkur, Atmakur, Gundala, Addagudur mandals.

== About Town ==
[[Gundala, Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district|Gundala]], Mothkur and [[Atmakur (M), Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district|Atmakur]] were popularly known as TriSisters.(three sisters). It is a regional trade centre for the four mandals.They are Mothkur, Atmakur and Gundala and Addagudur. It is located on the banks of Bikkeru a tributary of Musi River which itself is a tributary of river Krishna. Roadways are the only mode of transport to this town. There are variety of shops and Markets that cater the needs of the people who live in villages surrounding Mothkur.

Though the majority of the people are Hindus, the town has substantial presence of Muslims, and a little Christian community. The town has the Ramalingeshwara temple belonging to medieval India (probably Kakatiyas), Peddamma temple and SaiBaba temple pothaigadda. Sri venkateswara swamy tempe in Venkateswara colony. Some mosques and a missionary run chapel. Every year at Ramalingeshwara swamy temple a local festival called "Agni Gundalu (అగ్ని గుండాలు )" is conducted after the famous Hindu festival Holi. Many people attend for this local festival from nearby villages.

It is an agricultural town with a small sized food processing industry, mainly rice mills, and vegetable oil mills. Wet paddy is the major crop, other crops include cotton, fruits, and other vegetables and pulses. It is a developing town. Marketing of natural goods is the major source.Paddy marketing is the major resource.Also now mothkur is now hub for regional textile industry with handloom Cooperatives.

This town has one cinema theatre – Tara Theatre.

The town consists of Old Busstand, New Busstand and Pothaigadda. Old Mothkur is also called as the Old bus stand area. New Mothkur is well planned and has many residential colonies like the Drivers Colony, Padmashaali Colony, Teachers Colony, Lourdu Nagar, Venkateswara Colony and Sundarayya Colony, Gandhinagar. New busstand consists of RTC Busstand, police station and Zilla Parishad High School. The town has a big tank named Pedda Cheruvu and that area called as Cheruvu katta on which there is a road towards Tirumalagiri and Thorrur. Mothkur Cheruvu was developed as Mini Tankbund by Govt of telangana. Most of the government offices i.e, Municipal office, MPDO OFFICE, MRO OFFICE, PHC, FIRE STATION are situated after the crossing with the Cheruvu. That area was known as DaBunglow Area. Mothkur now became municipality under new municipal Act 2019 by Merging some villages to Mothkur. They are Rajanna gudem, Dharmapuram, Bujilapuram, Jamachetlabavi, Kondapuram. It now emerged as big town with population over twenty thousand.

== Education ==
Sacred Heart High School, a christian missionary school, reputed all over the state for producing talented students every year who were at high positions in various Government and private sectors. There are many other Private and public schools in mothkur, including Zillaparishad High School, Govt.primary school.
Private Schools like
Akshara, Sai chaithanya, Shivashivani, LittleFlower etc.

Government junior college was present at aregudem road of mothkur.

there are some private junior and degree colleges like Santhosh SaiRam Akshara etc in mothkur.

== LifeStyle and Culture ==
[[File:Mothkur.jpg|thumb|Shri RamaLingeshwara Temple, mothkur]]
The town has the Ramalingeshwara temple belonging to medieval India (probably Kakatiyas) Every year at Ramalingeshwara swamy temple a local Antara helds it is called "Agni Gundalu (అగ్ని గుండాలు )" is conducted after the famous Hindu festival Holi. Peddamma Temple at new busstand. Muthyalamma Gudi at Cheruvukatta, famous for Bonalu.

Bathukamma and Dussera were celebrated with utmost joy and pleasure and every family was filled with happiness at these times.

Ugadhi was uniquely celebrated and special in whole Telangana.famously known as "Non veg Ugadhi".Bullock cart exhibition was one more special attraction. Many people attend for this event from nearby villages.

It is an agricultural town with a small sized food processing industry, mainly rice mills, and vegetable oil mills. Wet paddy is the major crop, other crops include red chili peppers, cotton, green gram, castor and other vegetables and pulses. It is a developing town. Marketing of natural goods is the major source. There are many Banks, petrol pumps, Function halls and schools.

Paddy and cotton marketing is the major resource.

Weekend Market (అంగడి ): Every Sunday there will be a local weekend Market (called "అంగడి" in Local Language Telugu) is conducted. This market is famous for sale of Animals used for agriculture, vegetables, clothes and common groceries.

== Mandal Details ==
The Mothkur mandal consists of 10 villages:
* [[Anajipuram]]
* [[Musipatla]]
* [[Panakabanda]]
* [[Ragibavi]]
* [[Dathapagudam]]
* [[Paladugu]]
* [[Podichedu]]
* [[Dacharam]]
* [[Patimatla]]
* [[Sadarshapur]]

== Notable Persons ==
# KASOJU SRIKANTH CHARY the first Martyr in Telangana Statehood movement was proud son of Poduchedu in mothkur mandal.
# Late Shri Kalvala Narahari Rao (1891–1942) was Vathandar (Mali Patel) in Nizam government, great Philanthropist, and a landed gentry. Developed community common water wells, community marriage system, temples, various charities. At times risked his personal welfare and went against Nizam Revenue officer and allowed to develop wet lands by conserving water bodies . Very instrumental in organizing and celebrating major festivals like Ugadhi, Dasara, Bonalu for the harmony of the village in all levels.Still people are fallowing tradition established by late Sri Kalvala Nrahari Rao .
# Late Shri Kalvala Prabhakar Rao, Ex-Member of Parliament Rajya Sabha(1986–1992). in his tenure built a road bridge between Mothkur and Gundala mandal and Water resource to Agriculture for SCs
# Late M.Ranga Reddy worked as Secretary Hyderabad Cricket Association and Vice President of BCCI
# Konatham BakkaReddy, a popular Communist party leader.
# Suddala Hanumanthu from Paladugu.
# [[Pranayraj Vangari]]: [[Telugu theatre|Telugu Theatre]] Research Scholar, [[Telugu Bharatpedia]] Administrator and Chief Secretary of "Popcorn Theatre" group.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
*{{Official website|mothkurmunicipality.telangana.gov.in}}

[[Category:Villages in Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district]]
[[Category:Mandal headquarters in Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district]]

Draupadi (TV series)

2025-10-16T04:46:40Z

Shelia6340: Put up initial post basic info

{{inline|date=September 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox television
|caption =
|genre = [[Mythology]]
| creator =
| developer = [[Prem Krishen]] Sunil Mehta
| writer = Kamalesh Pandey
| director = Surendra Mohan
| starring = [[Mrinal Kulkarni]] [[Rahul Bhat]] [[Vindu Dara Singh]] [[Shahbaz Khan (actor)|Shahbaz Khan]] [[Rajesh Shringarpure]] [[Pankaj Dheer]] [[Deepak Jethi]] Kaushal Kapoor [[Ravi Jhankal]] Arup Pal [[Parikshit Sahni]] [[Mahendra Sandhu]] [[Usha Bachani]]
|country = India
|language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 1
|num_episodes = 36
| executive_producer =
| producer = [[Vijay Kashyap]]
| location =
| cinematography = Kishore Kapadia V.K. Murthy
| editor = Santosh Singh
|runtime = 45 minutes (approx)
|first_aired = {{start date|2001}}
|last_aired = {{end date|2002}}
|channel = [[Sahara One]]
}}

'''''Draupadi''''' is a mythological [[Television in India|Indian television series]] that ran for two years from 2001 to 2002 on [[Sahara One]]. It was produced by [[Vijay Kashyap]] and directed by Surendra Mohan. The music was composed by [[Talat Aziz]] and [[Jaspinder Narula]] sang the title song. The serial is based on the Odia novel [[Yajnaseni (novel)|Yajnaseni]] by [[Pratibha Ray]].

== Cast ==
{{Div col}}
* [[Mrinal Kulkarni]] as [[Draupadi]]
* [[Rahul Bhat]] as [[Krishna]]
* [[Rajesh Shringarpure]] as [[Arjuna|Arjun]]
* Arup Pal as [[Yudhishthira|Yudhishthir]]
* [[Vindu Dara Singh]] as [[Bheema|Bheem]]
* [[Shahbaz Khan (actor)|Shahbaz Khan]] as [[Karna]]
* Sudhir Mittoo as [[Jayadratha|Jaydrath]]
* [[Pankaj Dheer]] as [[Bhishma]]
* [[Deepak Jethi]] as [[Duryodhana|Duryodhan]]
* Kaushal Kapoor as [[Dushasana|Dushasan]]
* [[Ravi Jhankal]] as [[Shakuni]]
* Qasim Ali as [[Dhrishtadyumna]]
* [[Parikshit Sahni]] as [[Drupada|Drupad]]
* [[Mahendra Sandhu]] as [[Drona]]
* [[Usha Bachani]] as [[Hidimba]]
* [[Neha Sharad]] as [[Rukmini]]
* Mona Parekh as [[Mitravinda|Saibhya]]
* Sharmilee Raj as [[Subhadra]]
* [[Maya Alagh]] as [[Kunti]]
* Jyoti Joshi as [[Wives of Karna|Rituvati]]
* Pankaj Kalra as Kashiraj
* Narendra Sachar as [[Balarama|Balram]]
* Anu Kashyap as [[Satyabhama]]
* Sandesh Nayak as [[Nakula|Nakul]]
* Armaan Anwar Khan as [[Uddhava|Uddhav]]
* Raj Hussain
* Ashok Punjabi
* Priyanka Srivastav
* Upma Srivastav
* Vishnu Sharma as [[Dhritarashtra]]
* [[Vijay Kashyap]] as [[Vidura|Vidur]]
* Ahmed Khan as [[Jarasandha|Jarasandh]]
* Somesh Agarwal
* Nayan Bhatt as [[Satyavati]]
* [[Amita Nangia]] as [[Gandhari]]
* Anil Kochar as Satyadev
* Sonia Rakkar as Kapila
* Aartii Naagpal as [[Dushala]]
* Sona Batra as [[Wives of Duryodhana|Bhanumati]]
* Madhu Bharti as Pingala
* Rahul Bose
* Asha Bachani as [[Shikhandi]] & [[Amba (Mahabharata)|Amba]]
* Bharat Arora
* Priyanka Singh as Priyamvada
* Ramesh Goyal as [[Karkotaka|Karkotak]]
* Sajid Shah
* Sunil Raj
* Dilip Mehra
* Vindu Sharma
* Prashant Jaiswal
* Sumeet Mittal as [[Sahadeva|Sahadev]]
* Neeraj Sood
* Tripti Agarwal as Nitambini
* Pradeep Shukla
* Chandrakant Thakkar
* Sujata Thakkar as [[Revati]]
* Veena Kapoor as [[Devaki]]
* Jeetendra Shrimali

{{div col end}}

==See also==
* [[Mahabharat (1988 TV series)|''Mahabharat'' (1988 TV series)]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|9099142}}

[[Category:Television series based on the Mahabharata]]
[[Category:Sahara One original programming]]
[[Category:2001 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:2002 Indian television series endings]]

Ekchinti, Wadgera

2025-06-17T12:13:21Z

Shelia6340: Put up the post v1

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ekchinti, Wadgera
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|16|32|10.25|N|76|57|20.868|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Yadgir district]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Taluka]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Wadgera Taluka]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[Gram Panchayat]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[Hayyal (B), Wadgera]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Panchayati raj (India)]]
| governing_body = [[Gram panchayat]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1,246
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = 80 people per km²
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 585304
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code =
| registration_plate = KA 33
| website = {{URL|karnataka.gov.in}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-KA]]
| footnotes =
}}
'''Ekchinti, Wadgera ''' is a [[village]] in the southern state of [[Karnataka]], [[India]].<ref name="censusindia">2001 Census Village code = 621178, {{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/PLCN/dir-29R.pdf|title=2001 Census of India: List of Villages by Tehsil: Karnataka|publisher=Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|page=147|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113181046/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/PLCN/dir-29R.pdf|archivedate=13 November 2012|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Panchayat-Dir-2011">2011 Census Village code = 621178, {{Cite web|title=Reports of National Panchayat Directory: List of Census Villages mapped for: Hayyal (B) Gram Panchayat, Shahapur, Yadgir, Karnataka|publisher=Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|url=http://panchayatdirectory.gov.in/adminreps/viewGPmapcvills.asp?gpcode=218094&rlbtype=V|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130213235214/http://panchayatdirectory.gov.in/adminreps/viewGPmapcvills.asp?gpcode=218094&rlbtype=V|archivedate=13 February 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> Administratively since 2017, Ekchinti, Wadgera has been under the [[Wadgera Taluka]] of [[Yadgir district]] in Karnataka.<ref name="Panchayat-Dir-2011" /> It lies on the left (east) bank of the [[Krishna River]]. Ekchinti is 8 kilometers by road southwest of the village of [[Hayyal (B), Wadgera]] and 28 kilometers by road northwest of the City of [[Shahapur, Karnataka]].and 24 kilometers by road northeast of the Taluka of [[Wadgera Taluka]].and 49 kilometers by road northeast of the District of [[Yadgir ]]. The nearest rail station is [[Yadgir railway station]] and the nearest [[railhead]] is in [[Yadgir]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yadgir District Map Showing Railway Line|publisher=Yadgir District|url=http://yadgir.nic.in/Maps/YADGIR%20DIST%20RAILWAY%20LINE.jpg|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130206192228/http://yadgir.nic.in/Maps/YADGIR%20DIST%20RAILWAY%20LINE.jpg|archivedate=6 February 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref>
{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_Village_Release_2800.xlsx|title=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner India - Village amenities of 2011}}

</ref>

==Education==
The government primary school at Ekchinti has twice been shifted away to other locales.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Govt robs Yadgir to favour Sirsi|newspaper=The Deccan Herald|date=7 June 2011|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/167209/govt-robs-yadgir-favour-sirsi.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110703025408/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/167209/govt-robs-yadgir-favour-sirsi.html|archive-date=3 July 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Demographics ==
At the 2011 census, Ekchinti had 1,246 inhabitants, with 615 males and 631 females.{{citation needed|date= November 2023}}

== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Cite web|title=Official Website of Yadgir District|url=http://yadgir.nic.in}}
{{Clear}}

{{Yadgir district}}

{{improve categories|date=November 2023}}

[[Category:Villages in Yadgir district]]

{{Yadgir-geo-stub}}

Bhupat Bhayani

2025-06-07T16:21:26Z

Shelia6340: Stub

{{Short description|Indian politician}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}

'''Bhupendra''' alias '''Bhupat Bhayani''' is an Indian politician. He was a Member of the [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]] from the [[Visavadar Assembly constituency]] representing the [[Aam Aadmi Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Shivangani |date=2022-12-08 |title=Visavadar Election Result 2022 Live Updates: AAP Wins in This Gujarat Seat |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/visavadar-election-result-2022-live-news-updates-bjp-aap-congress-gujarat-counting-of-votes-today |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=TheQuint |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-08 |title=AAP's promising faces suffer defeat, party wins five seats |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/election/aaps-promising-faces-suffer-defeat-party-wins-five-seats-1169994.html |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-08 |title=Visavadar, Gujarat final Result: विसवादार सीट पर आम आदमी पार्टी की शानदार जीत, बीजेपी के मौजूदा विधायक को पछाड़ा |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/gujarat/visavadar-vidhansabha-seat-final-result-gujarat-election-result-aam-aadmi-party-candidate-bhupat-bhayani-won-on-bjp-sitting-mla-5003069.html |access-date=2022-12-08 |website=News18 हिंदी |language=hi}}</ref>

Bhupat Bhayani is a resident of Bhesan in Junagadh district. He is the son of a farmer. He has been the Sarpanch of Bhesan Gram Panchayat. After that, he has held responsibility in many social organizations. He has been an MLA from Aam Aadmi Party. Currently, he is associated with BJP.[https://www.gujaratijagran.com/topics/bhupat-bhayani]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhayani, Bhupat}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Aam Aadmi Party politicians from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Gujarat MLAs 2022–2027]]

{{Gujarat-politician-stub}}

List of finance ministers of Bihar

2025-06-01T15:45:29Z

Shelia6340: enhance page based on references for clarity

#REDIRECT [[List of ministers of finance of Bihar]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
}}

Rajasthan International Folk Festival

2025-05-15T15:24:37Z

Shelia6340:

{{redirect|Jodhpur RIFF|other Riff's|Riff (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox music festival
| name = Rajasthan International Folk Festival
| image = Jodhpur RIFF.jpg
| caption = A group performing at [[Mehrangarh Fort]] in 2009
| location = [[Mehrangarh Fort]], [[Jodhpur]]
| years_active = 25 October 2007—present
| founders = [[Mehrangarh Museum Trust]], 
[[Jaipur Virasat Foundation]]
| dates = [[Sharad Purnima]], October
| genre = [[Folk music|Folk]], [[Fusion (music)|Fusion]]
| website = {{url|http://www.jodhpurriff.org/}}
}}

'''Rajasthan International Folk Festival''' (or '''Jodhpur RIFF''' or '''Jodhpur folk festival''') is an annual music and art festival organized to promote traditional folk music and arts held at [[Mehrangarh Fort]], [[Jodhpur]], [[Rajasthan]].<ref name='UNESCO 2008-09-15'>{{cite web | url = http://portal.unesco.org/geography/fr/ev.php-URL_ID=10140&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html | title = UNESCO Partners the Second Rajasthan International Folk Festival RIFF 2008 | accessdate = 2014-03-20 | author = UNESCO New Delhi}}</ref><ref name='pinkcity 2013-12-22'>{{cite news | first = Suganyasree | last = Rajesh | title = Pinkcity Guide to Jaipur | date = 2013-12-22 | url = http://www.pinkcity.com/jodhpur/riff/ | work = Pinkcity.com | accessdate = 2014-03-20 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140320042043/http://www.pinkcity.com/jodhpur/riff/ | archivedate = 2014-03-20}}</ref>

==History==

The festival was first organized as a [[not-for-profit]] partnership between [[Mehrangarh Museum Trust]] and [[Jaipur Virasat Foundation]] in October 2007.<ref name='UNESCO 2008-09-15' /><ref name='RIFFweb'>{{cite web | url = https://www.thepalaceonwheels.org/blog/rajasthan-international-folk-festival-in-jodhpur/ | title = Jodhpur RIFF | accessdate = 2014-03-20 | author = Jodhpur RIFF | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130810075358/http://www.jodhpurriff.org/aboutus.html | archivedate=2013-08-10}}</ref> The festival is timed to match the time of the brightest full moon of the year (which in Northern India is known as [[Sharad Purnima]]). The chief patron of the festival is [[Maharaja]] [[Gaj Singh]]. The festival is organized in and around [[Mehrangarh Fort]].<ref name='pinkcity 2013-12-22' />

==Programming==

The festival is planned to provide an open stage to all folk artists and musicians from [[India]] as well as from the globe. Around 250 musicians and artists from Rajasthan and elsewhere attend this festival.<ref name='pinkcity 2013-12-22' />

==International attention==

The festival is supported by [[UNESCO]] as a "People's Platform for Creativity and Sustainable Development".<ref name='UNESCO 2008-09-15' /><ref name="RIFFweb" /> In 2012 and 2013, ''[[Songlines (magazine)|Songlines]]'' regarded RIFF as one of the best 25 international festivals.<ref name='top25 2012'>{{cite news | title = 2012 Songlines best 25 | date = 2012-03-22 | publisher = [[Songlines (magazine)|Songlines]] | url = http://www.songlines.co.uk/world-music-news/2012/03/announcing-the-best-of-the-summer-festivals/ | accessdate = 2014-03-20 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20131229031155/http://www.songlines.co.uk/world-music-news/2012/03/announcing-the-best-of-the-summer-festivals/ | archivedate=2013-12-29}}</ref><ref name='top25 2013'>{{cite news | title = Songlines best 25 | date = 2013-03-07 | publisher = [[Songlines (magazine)|Songlines]] | url = http://www.songlines.co.uk/world-music-news/2013/03/songlines-recommended-festival-list-for-2013-announced/ | accessdate = 2014-03-20 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140208004751/http://www.songlines.co.uk/world-music-news/2013/03/songlines-recommended-festival-list-for-2013-announced/ | archivedate=2014-02-08}}</ref>

==2013 edition==

The theme of 2013 edition of the festival was the ancient history of the Mehrangarh Fort<ref name='pinkcity 2013-12-22' /> which was selected as Asia's best fortress by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''.<ref name='time'>{{cite news | first = John | last = Krich | title = Time best of asia | year = 2007 | url = https://content.time.com/time/specials/2007/best_of_asia/article/0,28804,1614524_1614473_1614445,00.html | work = Time magazine | access-date = 2014-03-20 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140320043756/http://content.time.com/time/specials/2007/best_of_asia/article/0,28804,1614524_1614473_1614445,00.html | archive-date = 2014-03-20}}</ref> The year's featured performances include Afghani [[rubab (instrument)|rubab]] player [[Daud Khan Sadozai]], sessions on the culture of [[Manganiar]] of [[Marwar]], the Rajasthani artists with [[Dilshad Khan]], and [[Manu Chao]].<ref name='pinkcity 2013-12-22' /><ref name='wildcity'>{{cite news | title = Wild city music guide | date = 2013-10-21 | url = http://www.thewildcity.com/EN/events.xhtml/event/4502-jodhpur-riff-1721-oct | work = wild city | accessdate = 2014-03-20 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140320043910/http://www.thewildcity.com/EN/events.xhtml/event/4502-jodhpur-riff-1721-oct | archivedate = 2014-03-20}}</ref>

==2015 edition==
The ninth edition of Jodhpur RIFF was held from 23 to 27 October. That year, Grammy Award winners [[Wouter Kellerman]] and [[Yossi Fine]] performed at the festival. <ref name="News18 09-Oct-2015">{{cite news |url=http://www.news18.com/news/rajasthan/jodhpur-folk-fest-presenting-new-forms-of-music-to-the-country-819835.html |title=Jodhpur RIFF: Presenting new form of music |work=NEWS 18 |date=2015-10-09 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151009180456/http://www.news18.com/news/rajasthan/jodhpur-folk-fest-presenting-new-forms-of-music-to-the-country-819835.html?utm_source=akmin-wsf-sts&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=akmin-news18-English-rj&rgn=rj&wsf_iref=home-0-HP-SPT-State%20News |archivedate=2015-10-09 |accessdate=2015-10-09 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Arts festivals in India]]
[[Category:Folk festivals in India]]
[[Category:Music of India]]
[[Category:World music festivals]]
[[Category:Rajasthani folklore]]
[[Category:Jodhpur]]

2010 Rajasthan Royals season

2025-04-14T21:13:50Z

Shelia6340: New

{{Short description|Cricket team based in Jaipur, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox cricket club season
| club =[[Rajasthan Royals]]
| season =2010
| coach = [[Shane Warne]]
| captain = [[Shane Warne]]
| ground = [[Sawai Mansingh Stadium]], [[Jaipur]]
| comp1 = [[2010 Indian Premier League|IPL]]
| comp1 result = 7th
| most runs = [[Naman Ojha]] (377)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/records/batting/highest_career_strike_rate.html?id=5319;type=tournament|title=Indian Premier League, 2010/ Records / Most runs |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|accessdate=20 June 2015}}</ref>
| most wickets =[[Siddarth Trivedi]] (11)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=5319;type=tournament|title=Indian Premier League, 2010/ Records / Most runs |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|accessdate=20 June 2015}}</ref>
| prevseason = [[Rajasthan Royals in 2009|2009]]
| nextseason = [[Rajasthan Royals in 2011|2011]]
}}

[[Rajasthan Royals]] (RR) is a franchise cricket team based in [[Jaipur]], India, which plays in the [[Indian Premier League]] (IPL). They were one of the eight teams that competed in the [[2010 Indian Premier League]]. They were captained by [[Shane Warne]]. Rajasthan Royals finished 7th in the IPL and did not qualify for the champions league T20.

==IPL==
===Standings===
Rajasthan Royals finished 7th in the league stage of IPL 2010.
{{2010 Indian Premier League Points table|team=RR}}

===Match log===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!No.
!Date
!Opponent
!Venue
!Result
!Man of the match
!Scorecard
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 1 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=3|3=13}} || [[Mumbai Indians]] || Mumbai || Lost by 4 runs || [[Yusuf Pathan]] 100(37) || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419107.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 2 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=3|3=15}} || [[Delhi Daredevils]] || Ahmedabad || Lost by 6 wickets || || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419111.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 3 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=3|3=18}} || [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]] || Bangalore || Lost by 10 wickets || || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419115.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#c3fdb8;"
| 4 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=3|3=20}} || [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] || Ahmedabad || Won by 34 runs || [[Abhishek Jhunjhunwala]] 45(36) || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419118.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#c3fdb8;"
| 5 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=3|3=24}} || [[Kings XI Punjab]] || [[Mohali]] || Won by 31 runs || [[Adam Voges]] 45(24) || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419124.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#c3fdb8;"
| 6 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=3|3=26}} || [[Deccan Chargers]] || Ahmedabad || Won by 8 wickets || [[Yusuf Pathan]] 73(34) || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419126.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#c3fdb8;"
| 7 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=3|3=28}} || [[Chennai Super Kings]] || Ahmedabad || Won by 17 runs || [[Naman Ojha]] 80(49) || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419129.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 8 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=3|3=31}} || [[Delhi Daredevils]] || [[Feroz Shah Kotla|New Delhi]] || Lost by 67 runs || || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419134.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 9 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=4|3=3}} || [[Chennai Super Kings]] || Chennai || Lost by 23 runs || || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419137.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#c3fdb8;"
| 10 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=4|3=5}} || [[Deccan Chargers]] || Nagpur || Won by 2 runs || [[Shane Warne]] 4/21(4 overs) || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419141.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#c3fdb8;"
| 11 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=4|3=7}} || [[Kings XI Punjab]] || [[Jaipur]] || Won by 9 wickets || [[Michael Lumb (cricketer)|Michael Lumb]] 83(43) || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419143.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 12 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=4|3=11}} || [[Mumbai Indians]] || [[Jaipur]] || Lost by 37 runs || || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419150.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 13 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=4|3=14}} || [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]] || [[Jaipur]] || Lost by 5 wickets || || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419154.html Scorecard]
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| 14 || {{dts|format=dmy|1=2010|2=4|3=17}} || [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] || Kolkata ||Lost by 8 wickets || || [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2010/engine/match/419158.html Scorecard]
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Rajasthan Royals}}

[[Category:2010 Indian Premier League]]
[[Category:Rajasthan Royals seasons]]

1952 Indian vice presidential election

2025-04-01T03:05:12Z

Shelia6340: New.

{{Short description|Vice-presidential election in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1952 Indian vice presidential election
| country = India
| type = presidential
| ongoing = no
| next_election = 1957 Indian vice presidential election
| next_year = 1957
| election_date = 12 May 1952
| image1 = Photograph of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan presented to First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy in 1962.jpg
| nominee1 = [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]]
| party1 = Independent politician
| home_state1 = [[Madras State|Madras]]
| electoral_vote1 = '''Unopposed'''
| color1 = ABCDEF
| title = [[Vice President of India|Vice President]]
| after_election = [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]]
| after_party = Independent politician
}}

The first '''Indian vice presidential election''' was held in 1952. [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]] was elected unopposed as the [[List of Vice-Presidents of India|first]] [[vice president of India|vice president]].<ref name=eci>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/President_VP_Elec2012/Vice%20Presidentail%20Election%20Background.pdf BACKGROUND MATERIAL REGARDING FOURTEENTH ELECTION TO THE OFFICE OF THE VICE-PRESIDENT, 2012, ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA]</ref> Had the election been contested by more than one candidate, the poll would have occurred on 12 May 1952.

==Schedule==
The election schedule was announced by the [[Election Commission of India]] on 12 April 1952.<ref name=election2017>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/6926-background-material-related-to-election-to-the-office-of-vice-president-of-india-2017/ |title=Background material related to Election to the office of Vice-President of India, 2017 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 26 January 2022}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!S.No.
!Poll Event
!Date
|-
!1.
| Last Date for filing nomination
| 21 April 1952
|-
!2.
| Date for Scrutiny of nomination
| 22 April 1952
|-
!3.
| Last Date for Withdrawal of nomination
| 25 April 1952
|-
!4.
| Date of Poll
| 12 May 1952
|-
!5.
| '''Date of Counting'''
|colspan="2" style="text-align:center| '''25 May 1952'''
|-
|}

==Result==
The Electoral College consisted of 735 members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. There were two candidates who filed their nominations, S. Radhakrishnan and Janab Shaik Khadir Hussain. The Returning Officer rejected the nomination of Khadir Hussain. Since he was now the only candidate left, Dr. Radhakrishnan was declared as elected unopposed to the office of the Vice-President on 25 April 1952.<ref name=election2017/>

==See also==
* [[1952 Indian presidential election]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indian vice presidential elections}}

[[Category:Vice-presidential elections in India]]
[[Category:1952 elections in India|India]]
[[Category:April 1952 in Asia]]
[[Category:Uncontested elections|Indian vice presidential election, 1952]]

Mukesh Tandan

2025-02-27T13:41:09Z

Shelia6340: adding some article w/ refs...

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| office = Member of [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency = [[Vidisha Assembly constituency|Vidisha]]
| term_start = 2023
| term_end =
| profession = Politician
| predecessor = [[Shashank Bhargava]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
}}
'''Mukesh Tandan''' is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. He is a [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] from [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023]], representing [[Vidisha Assembly constituency]] as a Member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vidisha Lok Sabha Election 2024 Live: Get Vidisha Lok Sabha Election Results and Candidate List |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/madhya-pradesh-assembly-election/vidisha-constituency/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Vidisha, Election Result 2023 Live: Winning And Losing Candidates & Parties, 2019 vs 2024 Results, Voting Percentage, Exit Polls-News18 Assembly Election 2023 Result News |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/assembly/madhya-pradesh/vidisha-constituency-s12aed2008a144/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=www.news18.com |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh]]
* [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tandan, Mukesh}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Madhya Pradesh MLAs 2023–2028]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:People from Vidisha]]

{{MadhyaPradesh-BJP-politician-stub}}

Ganesha Purana

2025-02-06T19:01:25Z

Shelia6340: slightly expanded references per standard format and updated info

{{Short description|Sanskrit text that deals with Ganesha}}
{{italic title}}
[[File:Ganesha (musée de Dahlem, Berlin) (3095871343).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The text presents the mythology and attributes of Hindu deity Ganesha.]]
{{Hindu scriptures and texts}}
The '''Ganesha Purana''' ([[Sanskrit]]:{{lang|sa|गणेश पुराणम्}}; {{IAST3|gaṇeśa purāṇam}}) is a [[Sanskrit]] text that deals with the [[Hindu deity]] [[Ganesha]] ({{IAST|Gaṇeśa}}).{{Sfn|Brown|1991|p=95}} It is an [[Upapurana|{{IAST|upapurāṇa}}]] (minor Purana) that includes mythology, [[cosmogony]], genealogy, metaphors, [[yoga]], theology and philosophy relating to Ganesha.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|pp=12, 52-53, 71-72, 89-91}}{{Sfn|Brown|1991|pp=88-92}}

The text is organized in two voluminous sections, one on mythology and genealogy (''Krida-khanda'', 155 chapters), and the other on theology and devotion (''Upasana-khanda'', 92 chapters).{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|p=ix, 115}}{{Sfn|Rocher|1986|p=174}} It exists in many versions.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|pp=115-117}} The text's composition and expansion date has been estimated to be the late medieval period, between the 13th- to 18th-century CE, during a period of political turmoil during the Islamic rule period of South Asia.{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|pp=xi-xii, 70-78}}{{Sfn|Thapan|1997|pp=30-33}}{{Sfn|Brown|1991|pp=95-97}} The text shares the features and stories found in all major Puranas, and like all Puranas, it is, states Bailey, also a cultural object and reflects the cultural needs and mores, in the environment it was written.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|pp= 4, 116}}

The Ganesha Purana, along with the [[Mudgala Purana]], [[Brahma Purana]] and [[Brahmanda Purana]], is one of four Puranic genre encyclopedic texts that deal with Ganesha.{{Sfn|Brown|1991|p=95}} The four texts, two Upa-Puranas and two Maha-Puranas, differ in their focus. The Brahmanda Purana presents Ganesha as ''Saguna'' (with attributes and physical form), the Brahma Purana presents Ganesha as ''Nirguna'' (without attributes, abstract principle), Ganesha Purana presents him as a union of Saguna and Nirguna concept wherein saguna Ganesha is a prelude to nirguna Ganesha, and the Mudgala Purana describes Ganesha as ''Samyoga'' (abstract synthesis with absolute reality and soul).{{Sfn|Brown|1991|pp=95-97}}

The Ganesha Purana is an important text particularly for ''[[Ganapatya]]s'' ({{IAST|Gāṇapatya}}), who consider Ganesha as their primary deity.{{Sfn|Thapan|1997|p=304}}{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|p=ix}}

== Significance ==
The Ganesha Purana is significant because it is, with [[Ganapati Upanishad]], the two most important texts of the [[Ganapatya]] sect of Hinduism.{{Sfn|Brown|1991|pp=1-3}} The Ganapatyas consider Ganesha as their primary deity, and the mythology of Ganesha found in this Purana is part of their tradition.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|p=ix-x}} The text is also significant because it relates to Ganesha, who is the most worshipped god in Hinduism, and revered as the god of beginnings by all major Hindu traditions, namely Shaivism, Vaishnavism, Shaktism and Smartism.{{Sfn|Brown|1991|pp=1-3, 19, 122-124}} The text integrates ancient mythology and Vedantic premises into a Ganesha [[bhakti]] (devotional) framework.<ref>{{cite book| author=Oliver Leaman| title=Encyclopedia of Asian Philosophy| year= 2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-69114-2|pages=440–442}}</ref>

The text is also significant to the history of Buddhism and Jainism, since Ganesha is found in their mythologies and theology as well.<ref>R Stevenson, Analysis of Ganesa Purana with special reference to the history of Buddhism, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol 8, pages 319-329</ref>{{Sfn|Brown|1991|pp=101-107}}

== Date of work ==
The Ganesha Purana and the [[Mudgala Purana]] are the two late Puranas (c. AD 1300–1600).{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|pp=70-78}}{{Sfn|Thapan|1997|pp=30-33}} Stietencron suggests the more likely period of composition may be 15th- to 18th-century, during a period of conflict between the Hindu [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] and Islamic Sultanates in [[Maharashtra]].{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|pp=xi-xii, 78-85}}

The date of composition for both the ''Ganesha Purana'' and the ''Mudgala Purana'', and their dating relative to one another, has been a matter of academic debate. Both works contain age-layered strata, but these strata have not been clearly defined through the process of critical editorship. Some strata of the available redactions of the ''Ganesha Purana'' and the ''Mudgala Purana'' probably reflect mutual influence upon one another, including direct references to one another.

Thapan reviews different views on dating and states her own judgement that it appears likely that the core of the ''Ganesha Purana'' come into existence around the 12th and 13th centuries, being subject to interpolations during the succeeding ages.<ref>For a review of major differences of opinions between scholars on dating see Thapan, op. cit., pp. 30–33.</ref> Thapan notes that these Puranas, like other Puranas, developed over a period of time as multi-layered works.

Lawrence W. Preston considers that the period AD 1100–1400 is the most reasonable date for the ''Ganesha Purana'' because that period agrees with the apparent age of the sacred sites in [[Nagpur]] and [[Varanasi]] areas mentioned by it.<ref>Preston, Lawrence W., p. 103. "Subregional Religious Centers in the History of Maharashtra: The Sites Sacred to {{IAST|Gaṇeśa}}", in: N. K. Wagle, ed., Images of Maharashtra: A Regional Profile of India.</ref>{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|pp=80-85}} Hazra also dates the Ganesha Purana between AD 1100–1400.<ref>R. C. Hazra, "The {{IAST|Gaṇeśa Purāṇa}}", Journal of the Ganganatha Jha Research Institute, Vol. 9, 1951, pp. 79–99. For dating see p. 97.</ref> Farquhar dates it between AD 900–1350.<ref>Farquhar, J. N., An Outline of the Religious Literature of India, pp. 226 and 270.</ref> Stevenson, in contrast, suggests the text was likely written in or after 17th-century.<ref>R Stevenson, {{Google books|euhJAAAAcAAJ|Analysis of Ganesa Purana}}, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Art 16, Vol 8, page 319</ref>{{Sfn|Rocher|1986|p=174}}

== Structure ==
{{Quote box
|quote = '''Virtuous kings'''
<poem>
These virtuous and gentle kings,
seek neither to reproach others,
nor do they seek the wives of others,
nor the injury of others,
nor the property of others.
</poem>
|source = —''Ganesha Purana'', The Tale of Chandrangada Upasana Khanda, 54.25 - 54.26 (Translator: Greg Bailey){{Sfn|Bailey|1995|p=287}}
|bgcolor=#FFE0BB
|align = left
}}
The Ganesa Purana is divided into two sections. The Upasanakhanda ({{IAST|upāsanākhaṇḍa}}) or "section on devotion" has 92 chapters, and the Kridakhanda ({{IAST|krīḍākhaṇḍa}}) or "section on the divine play (of {{IAST|Gaṇeśa}})" has 155 chapters.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|p=ix, 115}} The Kridakhanda is also called the Uttarakhanda ({{IAST|uttarakhaṇḍa}}) in the colophons.<ref>Encyclopaedia of Hinduism edited by Nagendra Kumar Singh , First edition 2000, published by Anmol Publistions Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi {{ISBN|978-81-7488-168-7}} (set) P. 883</ref> Chapter 46 of the Upasanakhanda includes a stotra (hymn) that is the source text for one of the best-known versions of the [[Ganesha Sahasranama]] (hymn of praise listing 1,000 names and attributes of Ganesha).{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

The text has five literary units, found in all Puranas: ''khanda'', ''mahatmya'', ''upakhyana'', ''gita'' and a narrative unit.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|p=116}} It is structured as a recitation by sage Vyasa, traceable to sages in the mythical Naimisa forest in Hinduism.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|p=116}} The composition style is didactic and mythic, the imagery and framing of story is similar to the other Puranas.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|p=116}} The text has four idiosyncrasies, states Bailey, in that it contains no ''pancalaksana'' content, minimal didactic presentation of ''dharmashastra'', the myths are structured as involving Ganesha's intervention in ancient Hindu mythology, and the mythical plots invariably present Ganesha as the life and inner principle of all other Hindu deities.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|pp=116-120}}

==Contents==
=== Upasanakhanda: Abstract meditation or Bhakti Puja ===
The ''Upasanakhanda'', or the first part of the Ganesha Purana, presents two modes of worship.<ref name=stevensongp320>R Stevenson, {{Google books|euhJAAAAcAAJ|Analysis of Ganesa Purana}}, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Art 16, Vol 8, page 320</ref>{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|pp=89-91, 103-105}} One is meditation and mystic contemplation of Ganesha as the eternal [[Brahman]] presented in [[Vedanta]] school of [[Hindu philosophy]], the metaphysical absolute and ''Paramatma'' (Nirguna, supreme spirit), where he is same as the [[Atman (Hinduism)|Atman]] (soul, innermost self) within oneself.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|pp=50-51, 104, 147-150, 255-259, 263-265, 458}} The second approach, suggests the Ganesapurana, is through preparing an image of god (Saguna, [[murti]]), decorating it with flowers, presenting it offerings and festively remembering him in [[Puja (Hinduism)|Puja]]-style homage.<ref name=stevensongp320/>{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|pp=65-66, 104-118}} The Upasanakhanda presents these ideas in a series of episodical stories and cosmogony, that weaves in ancient mythologies as dynamic empirical reality and presents Ganesha as the Vedantist Brahman, or the absolute unchanging reality.<ref>R Stevenson, {{Google books|euhJAAAAcAAJ|Analysis of Ganesa Purana}}, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Art 16, Vol 8, page 321</ref>{{Sfn|Bailey|1995|pp=51-52, 65-68, 392-393}}

=== Kridakhanda: The Ganesha Gita ===
Chapters 138-48 of the ''Kridakhanda'' constitute the Ganesha Gita, which is modeled on the Bhagavad Gita, but adapted to place Ganesha in the divine role.<ref>Rocher, Ludo. "{{IAST|Gaṇeśa}}'s Rise To Prominence", p. 73 in: Ganesh: Studies of an Asian God, Robert L. Brown, editor. (State University of New York: Albany, 1991) {{ISBN|978-0-7914-0657-1}}</ref> The discourse is given to King Varenya during Ganesha's incarnation as Gajanana.

{{Quote box
|quote = '''Know your soul'''
<poem>
Ganesha said, "The man who delights in his own self and is attached to his own self, attains bliss and indestructible happiness, for there is no happiness in the senses. Enjoyments which arise from the objects of the senses are the causes of pain and are connected to birth and destruction. The wise man is not attached to them. (...)

Grounded within the soul, shining within the soul, happy with the soul, he who delights in the soul, will certainly gain the imperishable Brahman and bring about the good aims of all people. (...)

Mark! For all those who know their own self, Brahman shines everywhere. (...)
</poem>
|source = —''Ganesha Purana'', Krida Khanda, 142.21 - 142.26 (Translator: Greg Bailey){{Sfn|Bailey|2008|pp=386-387}}
|width = 36%
|bgcolor=#FFE0BB
|align = right
}}
According to Yuvraj Krishan, the Ganesha Gita shows that ninety percent of its stanzas are, with slight modifications, taken from the [[Bhagavad Gita]].<ref name="Krishan 1999 79–80">{{Harvnb|Krishan|1999|pp=79–80}}</ref> Their topics are the same: [[karma yoga]], [[jnana yoga]] and [[bhakti yoga]]. However, Ganesha replaces [[Krishna]] in the divine role, states Yuvraj Krishan.<ref name="Krishan 1999 79–80"/>

In contrast, Greg Bailey states that while Bhagavad Gita is a strong possible source, the Ganesha Gita has only 412 verses in this section and skips a large number of verses in Bhagavad Gita, and it is incorrect to presume that the text is identical in all respects and merely replaces Ganesha for Krishna.{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|p=617}} The discussion develops differently, and the character of Varenya is far weaker than the inquisitive philosophical questions of Arjuna in the Bhagavad Gita, as Varenya asks questions of Ganesha. However, agrees Bailey, that the theology found in Bhagavad Gita and Ganesha Gita are substantially the same.{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|p=617}}

=== Kridakhanda: Ganesha in four Yugas ===
The Kridakhanda of the Ganesha Purana narrates the stories of four [[incarnations]] ([[Avatar]]s) of Ganesha, each for the four different [[yuga]]s.<ref name="Krishan 1999 79–80"/><ref>Brief summaries of events in each incarnation are given in John A. Grimes. Ganapati: Song of the Self. pp. 100–105. (State University of New York Press: Albany, 1995) {{ISBN|978-0-7914-2440-7}}</ref> The 155 chapters of this section are separated into the four yugas. Chapters 1 through 72 present Ganesha in [[Satya Yuga]], chapters 73 through 126 present Ganesha's story in the [[Treta Yuga]], while chapters 127 through 137 present his stories in [[Dvapara Yuga]].{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|p=5}} Chapter 138 through 148 present the Ganesha Gita, followed by a short section on [[Kali Yuga]] (current age) in chapter 149.{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|p=5}} The rest of chapter 149 through chapter 155 are interlocutory, following the literary requirements of a valid Puranic genre.{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|p=5}}

Ganesha is presented as ''Vinayaka'' in Satya Yuga, with ten arms, huge, very generous in giving gifts and riding a lion.{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|p=5 with footnote 2}}<ref>Ganesha Purana I.46.28 in the 1993 Sharma edition. In the version used by Bhāskararāya in his Khadyota commentary on the Ganesha Sahasranama the verse is numbered I.46.33 and the name is given as Kaśyapasuta.</ref> In Treta Yuga, Ganesha is in the form of ''Mayuresvara'' ({{IAST|Mayūreśvara}}), who has six arms, with a white complexion, and rides a peacock.{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|p=5}} He manifests in the form of ''Gajanana'' ({{IAST|Gajānana}}) in Dvapara Yuga, with four arms, a red complexion and riding Dinka, a mouse.{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|p=5 with footnote 2}} He is born to [[Shiva]] and [[Parvati]] in the Dvapara Yuga. In the Kali Yuga, he is ''Dhumraketu'' ({{IAST|Dhūmraketu}}), with two arms, of smoke complexion, mounted on a horse.{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|p=5}}<ref>Yuvraj Krishan, op. cit. p. 84, footnote 13, says that in the Ganesha Purana 2.131.32, Dhūmraketu is said to have four arms but in ibid. 2.1.21 and 2.85.15 he is said to have only two arms. The version given in Grimes mentions only two arms.</ref> He fights barbarian armies and kills demons in the Kali Yuga, according to Ganesha Purana.{{Sfn|Bailey|2008|p=5 with footnote 2}}

== Manuscripts ==
Greg M. Bailey, who has published a scholarly review and translation into English of the first portion ({{IAST|upāsanākhaṇḍa}}) of the Ganesha Purana, notes that there are hundreds of manuscripts for this Purana in libraries in India, and that it was clearly very popular from the 17th to 19th centuries.{{Sfn|Bailey|1995}}{{sfn|Bailey|2008}}

An edition of the Ganesha Purana was published in two parts by {{IAST|Sri Balvinayak Maharaj Lalsare (head of Śrī Yogīndra Maṭha)}} at Moregaon, Maharashtra (the site of one of the {{IAST|aṣṭavināyaka}} temples). The Upasanakhanda ({{IAST|upāsanākhaṇḍa}}) was published in 1979 and the Kridakhanda ({{IAST|krīḍākhaṇḍa}}) was published in 1985.<ref name = Yogindra>{{cite book | title = {{IAST|Gaṇeśa Purāṇa}} | publisher = {{IAST|Sri Balvinayak maharaj lalsare (head of Śrī Yogīndra Maṭha), related texts such as 'Ganesha Vijaya', 'Ganesha Vwangmaya also published.}} | date = 1979 }}</ref> This is the edition that Thapan cites in her book on the development of the ''Ganapatyas'' ({{IAST|Gāṇapatya}}).{{Sfn|Thapan|1997|p= 32}}

The Ganesha Purana was published three times before the edition of the {{IAST|Śrī Yogīndra Maṭha}}:{{Sfn|Thapan|1997|p= 32}}
*Pune, 1876
*Bombay, 1876
*Bombay, 1892, Gopal Narayana and Co.

The Ganesha Purana was translated into Tamil in the 18th century and the Tamil version is referred to as the {{IAST|Vināyaka Purāṇa}}.{{Sfn|Thapan|1997|p= 33}}

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{Cite book |last=Bailey |first=Greg |title=Ganeśapurāna: Introduction, translation, notes and index |year=1995 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WcKf113gPwwC |publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag |location= Berlin |isbn=3-447-03647-8 }}
* {{cite book|first=Greg| last= Bailey |title=Gaṇeśapurāṇa: Krīḍākhaṇḍa| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fgRORuZJqsMC |year=2008| publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag |isbn=978-3-447-05472-0}}
* {{cite book |last=Brown |first=Robert L. |title=Ganesh: Studies of an Asian God |year=1991 |publisher=State University of New York |location=Albany |isbn= 978-0-7914-0657-1 }}
* {{cite book |last=Courtright |first=Paul B. |title={{IAST|Gaṇeśa}}: Lord of Obstacles, Lord of Beginnings |year=1985 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |isbn= 978-0-19-505742-3 }}
* {{cite book |last=Grimes |first=John A. |title=Ganapati: Song of the Self |series=SUNY Series in Religious Studies |year=1995 |publisher=State University of New York Press |location=Albany |isbn=978-0-7914-2440-7 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Krishan |first=Yuvraj |title=Gaņeśa: Unravelling An Enigma |year=1999 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers |location=Delhi |isbn= 978-81-208-1413-4}}
* {{Cite book |first=Ludo |last=Rocher |year=1986 |title=The Purāṇas |publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag |isbn=978-3447025225}}
* {{cite book |last1=Mani |first1=Vettam |title=Puranic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary With Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature |edition=1st English |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |location=New Delhi |orig-year=1975 |year=2006 |ISBN=978-81-208-0597-2}}
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Sharma |editor1-first=Ram Karan |year=1993 |title=Gaṇeśa purāṇa |publisher=Nag Publishers |location=Delhi |ISBN=978-81-7081-279-1}}
* {{cite book |last=Thapan |first=Anita Raina |title=Understanding Gaņapati: Insights into the Dynamics of a Cult |year=1997 |publisher=Manohar Publishers |location=New Delhi |isbn=978-81-7304-195-2 }}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
* Telugu version of Ganesha Purana ⟶ Upasana Khanda (without slokas) is available at: [http://vedagyana.info/upa-puranas-telugu/ganesha-purana-upasana-khanda/ Vedagyana.info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808061614/http://vedagyana.info/upa-puranas-telugu/ganesha-purana-upasana-khanda/ |date=2019-08-08 }}

{{Ganesha}}
{{Puranas}}
{{Hindudharma}}

[[Category:Puranas]]
[[Category:Ganesha]]

Chhota Bheem: Journey to Petra

2024-12-20T01:04:37Z

Shelia6340: new redirect

#REDIRECT [[Chhota_Bheem#Films]]

[[Category:Chhota Bheem]]

Uttarakhand Chardham Devasthanam Management Act, 2019

2024-04-06T11:28:20Z

Shelia6340:

{{Short description|Shrine Board Act}}
{{Orphan|date=March 2022}}

The '''Uttarakhand Chardham Devasthanam Management Act, 2019''' was enacted by the [[Government of Uttarakhand]] in December 2019. It aims at bringing the [[Chota Char Dham]] of [[Badrinath Temple]], [[Kedarnath Temple]], [[Gangotri Temple]], [[Yamunotri Temple]] and 49 other temples under the purview of a proposed shrine board.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.indiacode.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/16843/1/char_dham_shrine_act_19_egnl.pdf | title=THE UTTARAKHAND CHAR DHAM DEVASTHANAM MANAGEMENT Act, 2019 | access-date=2024-01-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/ukhand-guv-clears-char-dham-devsthanam-management-bill-2019/articleshow/73254584.cms|title=U'khand guv clears Char Dham Devsthanam Management Bill 2019 | Dehradun News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/char-dham-devasthanam-board-u-khand-rethink-on-temple-board-plan-101617992714768.html|title=Char Dham Devasthanam Board: U'khand rethink on temple board plan|date=April 9, 2021|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
{{Infobox legislation
| short_title = Uttarakhand Chardham Devasthanam Management Act 2019
| legislature = Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly
| image = Seal of Uttarakhand.svg
| imagesize = 200px
| long_title = An Act to establish a Char Dham Devasthanam Board, which is responsible for the overall management of the Char Dham temples.
| citation = Act No. 06 of 2020
| territorial_extent = [[Uttarakhand]]
| enacted_by = [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]]
| date_enacted = 10 December 2019
| date_assented = 30 December 2019
| date_effective = 30 December 2019
| date_repealed = 30 November 2021
| bill_date = 10 December 2019
| bill = Uttarakhand Chardham Devasthanam Management Bill 2019
| introduced_by = [[Trivendra Singh Rawat]]
| passed_for = 49
| passed_against = 20
| repealed_by = Repealing Act of 2023
| struck_down_by = [[Government of Uttarakhand]]
| status = repealed
}}

== Description ==
As per the act, the shrine board is the highest governing body for the management of the temples with power to frame policies, make decisions to give effect to the provisions of this act, of budget formulation and to sanction expenditure among others. The board may also give instructions for the safe custody, prevention and management of funds, valuable securities, jewellery and properties vested in the temples. The board was also supposed to provide integrated, advanced and smooth services to the devotees. Earlier before the [[Chota Char Dham]] was governed by Shri Badrinath-Kedarnath Mandir Samiti which was chaired by a state government appointed person.

== Criticism ==
The Act was widely criticized by the local [[Hindu priest]]s and [[Vishva Hindu Parishad]] Leaders who were against the formation of any board and want that the [[Hindu temple]]s must be governed by the [[Hindus|Hindu society]], not the government. [[Sadhu|Hindu saints]] {{clarify|date=March 2022}} and VHP leaders also protested several times against the act. In July 2020, a [[Public Interest Litigation]] was filed by [[Rajya Sabha]] MP [[Subramanian Swamy]] challenging the constitution validity of the Uttarakhand Chardham Devasthanam Management Act, 2019 and asking to sought a direction striking down the act which was dismissed by the [[Uttarakhand High Court]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2020/feb/24/subramanian-swamy-files-pil-opposing-newly-framed-law-to-govern-temples-in-uttarakhand-2107876.html|title=Subramanian Swamy files PIL opposing newly framed law to govern temples in Uttarakhand|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/pil-against-char-dham-act-hc-issues-notice-to-uttarakhand-6286794/|title=PIL against Char Dham Act: HC issues notice to Uttarakhand|date=February 26, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/uttarakhand-hc-upholds-constitutional-validity-of-uttarakhand-char-dham-devasthanam-management-act/story-2uN3FHHxImID6j1oj0ORKO.html|title=Uttarakhand HC upholds constitutional validity of Uttarakhand Char Dham Devasthanam Management Act|date=July 21, 2020|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/uttarakhand-char-dham-devasthanam-management-act-upheld-160220|title=Uttarakhand HC Upholds Constitutional Validity Of Uttarakhand Char Dham Devasthanam Management Act [Read Judgment]|first=LIVELAW NEWS|last=NETWORK|date=July 21, 2020|website=www.livelaw.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/141571749/ | title=Dr. Subramanian Swamy vs State of Uttarakhand and Others on 21 July, 2020 }}</ref>

== Repeal of Uttarakhand Devasthanam Management Act, 2019 ==
In July 2021 [[Pushkar Singh Dhami]] led [[BJP]] government announced the formation of High power committee to review the Uttarakhand Chardham Devasthanam Management Act, 2019 accepting the requests of priests and VHP leaders.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/committee-to-look-into-devasthanam-board-priests-call-off-rally/articleshow/84656481.cms|title=Uttarakhand: Committee to look into Devasthanam Board, priests call off rally | Dehradun News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref> On November 30, 2021 the [[Government of Uttarakhand|Uttarakhand government]] announced the repeal of the act following the report of the High power committee. Politically the withdrawal of act was also seen as a "political stunt" by the [[BJP]] government ahead of the [[2022 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/uttarakhand-to-repeal-char-dham-devasthanam-board-bill-7648746/|title=Uttarakhand to repeal Char Dham Devasthanam Board Bill|date=December 1, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/controversial-devasthanam-act-to-be-repealed-uttarakhand-cm-dhami-4503341.html|title=Controversial Devasthanam Act to be Repealed: Uttarakhand CM Dhami|date=November 30, 2021|website=News18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/uttarakhand-cm-pushkar-singh-dhami-announces-repeal-of-char-dham-devasthanam-board-management-act/2378923/|title=Uttarakhand: CM Pushkar Singh Dhami announces repeal of Char Dham Devasthanam Board Management Act|date=November 30, 2021}}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:2019 in Indian law]]
[[Category:Law about religion in India]]
[[Category: Government of Uttarakhand]]

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2024-03-28T22:17:37Z

Shelia6340: enhance layout per sources and improved wording

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