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Draft:Tili Jati

2023-12-21T13:38:02Z

SWAPAN.CHAKROBARTY011112:

{{AFC submission/draft}}

'''Tili Jati''' is a cluster of mainly three castes primarily found in the Indian states of [[West Bengal]] and [[Bihar]]. There are three different types of Tili caste, each with their own social status, rituals, and traditional occupations.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Castes and Subcastes List in West Bengal |url=https://www.matchfinder.in/matrimony/static/castedata/CastesandSubcastesListinWestBengal.pdf |website=www.matchfinder.in |page=5}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.124919/page/n7/mode/2up |title=Origin And Growth Of Caste In India Vol.2 |publisher=Dutt,Nripendra Kumar |year=1960 |edition=2nd |location=India |pages=109–110 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Kanda |first=Sayako |date=January 2008 |title=Merchants, institutions and the market: changes in the salt trade in early colonial Bengal |url=https://www2.econ.osaka-u.ac.jp/econ_society/dp/0802.pdf |journal=Discussion Papers In Economics And Business}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite thesis |last=Kundu |first=Narottam |date=1963 |title=Caste and Class in Pre-Muslim Bengal: Studies in Social History of Bengal |url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/33939/1/11015672.pdf |journal= |pages=209, 213}}</ref>

== Gachhuakalu Tili ==
The Gachhuakalu Tili, also known as the '''''Kolu Tili''''', derived their name from the Sanskrit word 'talika' or 'taila', used for the oil extracted from sesame and mustard, referring to their traditional occupation of oil-pressing and oil trading. The group is primarily found along West Bengal's border with Bangladesh. They were Telis initially but improved their social status and became Gacchuakalu Tili. They were initially ''<nowiki/>'Jalabyabahariya Shudra'<nowiki/>'' but became ''<nowiki/>'Jalacharaniya Shudra''' by the help of Brahmins.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Kochhar |first=Rajesh |date=2016-12-26 |title=New Bengal social class under colonial auspices |url=https://rajeshkochhar.com/new-bengal-social-class-under-colonial-auspices/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=rajeshkochhar.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Some Muslims also belong to Gachhuakalu Tili clan.<ref name=":7" />

== Bhunja Tili ==
The Bhunja Tili, also known as '''''Chasa Tili''''',<ref name=":8">http://www.wbnsou.ac.in/journals/SSS/2022/7_Angshuman_Chakraborty.pdf</ref> were traditionally involved with agriculture and animal husbandry. They are mainly found in Bihar, Chattishgarh, Jharkhand, and West Bengal. The Bhunja Tili derived their name from the Bengali word 'Tilla' or 'Tila' ,which denotes soil, thus referring them as farmers and their connection with soil.. The Bhunja Tili speak angika in Bihar and Bengali in Bengal. They were originally cultivators and were associated with the Kurmis in Bihar. Their customs are similar to the Yadavas and Sadgopes.

They are of two types:-

* Kashyap (Dadash Teli Tili)
* Sandil (Ekadash Teli Tili)

By late nineteenth century they were one of the fourteen castes belonging to 'Nabasakh' group in Bengal.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":0" />

== Tili (Ekadash and Dadash) ==
The Tili, also called the '''''Khas Rajput-Vanik''''', derived their name from the Sanskrit word 'Raj Tilak' (a ritual in which designated prince of that particular kingdom sworn as successor king with great pomp and show) and Tula (Balance). They were traditionally ''Rulers, Soldiers, Landlords, Banker, Export-Import Business, Factory Owner, Teachership, Writer.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://pdf-library.online/cambridge-economic-history-of-india.pdf |title=THE CAMBRIDGE ECONOMIC HISTORY OF INDIA |publisher=[Dharma Kumar and Tapan Raychaudhuri] |year=2005 |isbn=9788125027317 |edition=2nd |location=Published by the Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street,Cambridge CB2 1RP 32 East 57th Street, New York, NY 10022, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia |pages=114–115}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=LINK DEED (DEED NO 3395)_11 10 1939 |url=http://202.61.117.163/attachments/GridAttach/rera/nproj/11098000000004/axp_gridattach_13/LINK%20DEED%20(DEED%20NO%203395)_11%2010%201939.pdf |journal=[OLD DEED] |page=3}}</ref>''<ref name=":9">{{Cite book |last=Inden |first=Ronald B. |title=Marriage and Rank in Bengali Culture: A History of Caste and Clan in Middle-Period Bengal |publisher=[University of California Press; 1st edition (15 November 2023)] |year=2023 |language=eng}}</ref>

They belong to the legendary [[Solar dynasty|Suryavanshi]] -[[Raghuvaṃśa (dynasty)|Raghuvanshi]] Kshatriya<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chundawat |first=Lakshmi Kumari |last2=Banerjee |first2=Neeta |date=1990 |title=Rajasthani Story: Rajputaani |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23333034 |journal=Indian Literature |volume=33 |issue=5 (139) |pages=91–98 |issn=0019-5804}}</ref> clan by birth but they are elite-Vanik by profession. They are a General and Forward caste throughout India.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":32">{{Cite news |title=Tili Bandhaba Masik Patrika |work=Tili Bandhaba Masik Patrika |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.316260/mode/1up?view=theater}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite news |title= Bangiya Tili Samaja Bhanga Sirija [1333-1344 [B. S.] 1926-1937] |work= Bangiya Tili Samaja Bhanga Sirija [1333-1344 [B. S.] 1926-1937] |url=https://eap.bl.uk/archive-file/EAP341-1-1422}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=The Chronicles of the Sett Family of Chandernagore |url=https://heritagechandernagoreblog.wordpress.com/2016/01/19/the-chronicles-of-the-sett-family-of-chandernagore/}}</ref> As per some other sources they got branched from Kayastha in early days and formed a new trading caste. As per some another source they belong to [[Gaur (clan)|Pala-Gaur Rajput.]]<ref name=":32"/> clan of [[Pala Empire|Pala-Empire]]. Some other source suggest that this caste is a sub-caste of [[Baranwal]] community and belong to [[Bais (clan)|Bais Rajput clan]] (Suryavanshi-Raghuvanshi Rajput Clan).<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Risley |first=Herbert Hope |url=http://piketty.pse.ens.fr/files/ideologie/data/CensusIndia/Administrators/Risley1892.pdf |title=The Tribes and Castes of Bengal |publisher=[H.H. RISLEY] |year=1892 |location=CALCUTTA |page=64}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Baru |first=Sanjaya |title=India's Power Elite: Class, Caste and Cu: Caste, class and cultural revolution |publisher=[ Penguin Books India (12 April 2021)] |year=2021 |isbn=9780670092444 |language=English}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite book |last=James |first=Lawrence |title=Raj: The Making and Unmaking of British India |publisher=[St. Martin's Griffin; First Edition (12 August 2000) |year=2000 |isbn=9780312263829 |language=eng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bagohi |first=Jhunu |title=The History and Culture of the Palas of Bengal and Bihar: Circa 750 AD-Circa 1200 AD |publisher=[Abhinav Publications; First Edition (11 November 1993)] |year=1993 |isbn=9788170173014 |language=eng}}</ref><ref name=":11" /> Almost all the surnames and gotras of this caste take after that of Khatri Community (Mainly Arora-Khatri) so it can be said maybe in past they got branched from the Khatri -Community. So peoples often call them 'KHATRIS OF BENGAL' .<ref name=":10" />

They live in West Bengal (primarily Rarha Bengal<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tenhunen |first=Sipra |date=2003 |title=Culture and political agency: Gender, kinship and village politics in West Bengal |url=https://www.academia.edu/4732093/Culture_and_political_agency_gender_kinship_and_village_politics_in_West_Bengal |journal=Contributions to Indian Sociology |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=495 |issn=0069-9667}}</ref>), Punjab, and in Foreign Countries like USA, UK, Australia, UAE, Dubai, New Zealand etc.

''Primarily they all belonged to '''the Sorash Samaj''' .Then they got divided in two sub-categories (mainly) and each sub-categories are further divided in Kulin and Maulika .The two subcategories are.''<ref name=":32" />

'''''[1] Ekadash Tili :-''' (a) Kulin Ekadash Tili (Khas Ekadash Tili) & (b) Moulik Ekadash Tili''

'''''[2] Dadash Tili:-''' (a) Kulin Dadash Tili & (b) Moulik Dadash Tili''

''There are two more sub-categories also. Primarily they belong to Moulik Dadash Tili but they loat their caste identity as 'Dadash Tili' due to several reasons. They are:-''<ref name=":32" />

'''''[A] Panchakuley Tili''' (Dadash Tili man and Vaishya women inter-caste)<ref name=":32" /> & '''[B] Betnai Tili''' (Got degraded because of eating with 'Dalits' in same place)''<ref name=":32" />

A lot peoples from this caste were active members of Brahmo Samaj.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Leonard |first=G. S. |title=A History Of The Brahma Samaj - From Its Rise To The Present Day |publisher=[Read Books (14 April 2009)] |year=2009 |isbn=9781444617290 |language=eng}}</ref>

== Demographics ==
Sources''<ref name=":32"/><ref name=":42">{{Cite news |title= Bangiya Tili Samaja Bhanga Sirija [1333-1344 [B. S.] 1926-1937] |work= Bangiya Tili Samaja Bhanga Sirija [1333-1344 [B. S.] 1926-1937] |url=https://eap.bl.uk/archive-file/EAP341-1-1422}}</ref><ref name=":52">{{Cite book |last=Risley |first=Herbert Hope |url=http://piketty.pse.ens.fr/files/ideologie/data/CensusIndia/Administrators/Risley1892.pdf |title=The Tribes and Castes of Bengal |publisher=[H.H. RISLEY] |year=1892 |location=CALCUTTA |page=64}}</ref>''<ref name=":72">{{Cite web |title=Culture and political agency: gender, kinship and village politics in West Bengal |url=https://www.academia.edu/4732093/Culture_and_political_agency_gender_kinship_and_village_politics_in_West_Bengal}}</ref><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":72" /><ref name=":9" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Tod |first=James |title=Rajasthan by Colonel James Tod in Bengali |publisher=[PROJAPOTI; 1st edition (1 January 2013); projapotibooks@gmail.com] |year=2013 |isbn=9788176061353}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Tanika Sarkar |first=Sekhar Bandyopadhyay |title=Caste in Bengal: Histories of Hierarchy, Exclusion, and Resistance |publisher=[ Permanent Black (7 September 2022); Orient Blackswan] |year=2022 |isbn=9788178246512 |language=eng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bhaumik |first=Sudarshana |title=The Changing World of Caste and Hierarchy in Bengal: Depiction from the Mangalkavyas c. 1700–1931 |publisher=[Routledge India; 1st edition (26 August 2022)] |year=2022 |isbn=9780367557553 |language=eng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Wise |first=James M D |title=Notes on the Races, Castes and Trades of Eastern Bengal. - Scholar's Choice Edition |publisher=[Scholar's Choice (14 February 2015)] |year=2015 |isbn=9781296025182 |language=eng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mullick |first=Promatha Nath |title=History Of The Vaisyas Of Bengal (1902) |publisher=[Kessinger Publishing (10 August 2009)] |year=2009 |isbn=9781104867515 |language=eng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Roychowdhury |first=Deboshruti |title=Gender & Caste Hierarchy in Colonial Bengal: Inter-Caste Interventions of Ideal Womanhood |publisher=[Stree; Edition (1 December 2014)] |year=2014 |isbn=9789381345054 |language=eng}}</ref><ref name=":11">{{Cite book |last=Bhattacharya |first=Manoshi |title=The Royal Rajputs: Strange Tales and Stranger Truths |publisher=[Rupa (1 August 2008) |year=2008 |isbn=978-8129114013 |language=eng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=James |first=Lawrence |title=Raj: The Making and Unmaking of British India |publisher=[St. Martin's Griffin; First Edition (12 August 2000)] |year=2000 |isbn=9780312263829 |pages=499-560 |language=eng}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Caste Name
!'''Common Surnames'''
!'''Common Gotras'''
!'''Population'''
!Ekwija or Dwija Caste
!Religion Followed
!Caste Category
!Ritual Ranking & Social Status
!Varna(by Birth and by Profession)
!Race
!Literacy Rate In Current Generation
|-
|Gachhuakalu Tili
|Sahu, Khan, Bhandari, Sadhukhan, Garai, Saha, Seth, Mondol
|Bargujar, Tanwar, Borana, Bodana, Gehlot, Dahiya, Sikarwar, Panwar
|[https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/18254/IN 500,000]
[https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/18254/IN (Approx)]
|Ekwija
|Hinduism, Jainism, Islam, Christanity
|''Lower OBC(MBC)''
|Intermediate-Low
|Shudra by Birth but Shudra, Lower Vaishya by Profession
|More Indo-less Aryan
|61% (Approx)
|-
|Bhunja Tili
|Bhuniya, Maity, Rana, Maji, Kumar
|[[Shandilya]] and [[Kashyap (caste)|Kashyap]] (Mainly)
|[https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/18254/IN 900,000]
[https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/18254/IN (Approx)]
|Ekwija
|Hinduism (Vaishnavite) and Hinduism
|''Upper OBC in Bihar and EWS in West Bengal''
|Intermediate
|Vedic-Kshatriya by Birth but Clean-Shudra Peasant (Nabasakh), Vaishya by Profession
|Intermediate Indo-Intermediate Aryan
|73% (Approx)
|-
|Tili (Ekadash and Dadash) or '''''Khas Rajput-Vanik'''''
|Shrimani(Srimani), Giri, Nandi(Nandy), Kundu, Pal(Paul), Ghosal, Layek, Mahinda(Mahendru/Mahindra), Dey, Settdey, Sett, Panja, Rana, Dhunga, Haldar, Roy, Chaudhari, Pal Chaudhari, Sau, Majumdar
|[https://arorakhatri.com/gotra.php?gid=5904 Bilaya](known as 'Beleshwar' in Bengal),[[Mudgala|Maudgalaya or Maudgala]],[[Kashyap (caste)|Kashyap,]] Nagasya (known as 'Nageshwar' in Bengal, Soma Rishi clan etc.
|50,000
(Approx)
|Dwija
|Hinduism and Shikism
|''General and Forward Caste Everywhere''
|Very High
|Suryavanshi-Raghuvanshi Kshatriya by Birth but all Upper Three Varnas '''''Brahmin''''' [Teachers, Professors, Writers, Doctors, Engineers, Artists etc],'''''Kshatriya''''' [Rulers, Warriors, Politician etc.] & '''''Elite-Vaishya (Vanik)''''' [Bank-Owners, Factory -Owners, Entrepreneurs, Wholesale Suppliers, Industrialists etc.] by Profession
|(Less Mongolian-More Aryan) & (Less Indo-More Aryan) Intercaste
|100% (Approx)
|}

== Notable people and families of 'Khas Rajput-Vanik' Tili caste ==

=== People ===

* [[Pankaj Roy]] cricketer
* [[Ila Pal Choudhury]] politician and social worker
* [[Ashis Nandy]], political psychologist, and social theorist
*[[Maharani Swarnamoyee]] queen and philanthropist
* [[Manindra Chandra Nandy]] king and social reformer
* [[Kangal Harinath]] poet and musician

=== Families ===

* [[Bhagyakul Roy family|Bhagyakul Roy Family]]
* [[Dighapatia Raj|Dighapatia Raj Family]]
* [[Jagat Seth family|Jagat Seth Family]]
* [https://murshidabad.net/history/history-topic-cossimbazar-raj.htm Cossimbazar Raj Family]<ref name=":42" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":32" />
* [https://heritagechandernagoreblog.wordpress.com/2016/01/19/the-chronicles-of-the-sett-family-of-chandernagore/ The Sett Family of Chandernagore]<ref name=":3" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

#{{Citation |title=Discussion Papers In Economics And Business |url=https://www2.econ.osaka-u.ac.jp/econ_society/dp/0802.pdf |pages=6, 8, 15}}
# {{Citation |title=Origin And Growth Of Caste In India Vol.2, Ed.2nd |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.124919/mode/2up |work=2 |pages=109, 110, 120, 132}}
# {{Citation |title=Tili Bandhab [Yr. 4] |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.316260/mode/1up?view=theater}}
# {{Citation |title=The Chronicles of the Sett Family of Chandernagore |url=https://heritagechandernagoreblog.wordpress.com/2016/01/19/the-chronicles-of-the-sett-family-of-chandernagore/}}
# {{Citation |last=Risley |first=Herbert Hope |title=The Tribes and Castes of Bengal |url=http://piketty.pse.ens.fr/files/ideologie/data/CensusIndia/Administrators/Risley1892.pdf |page=64}}

[[Category:Indian castes]]
[[Category:Rajputs| ]]

{{AfC submission|||ts=20231221190802|u=SWAPAN.CHAKROBARTY011112|ns=118}}

Draft:Tili Jati

2023-12-21T13:37:27Z

SWAPAN.CHAKROBARTY011112: Created page with "{{AFC submission/draft}}  '''Tili Jati''' is a cluster of mainly three castes primarily found in the Indian states of West Bengal and Bihar. There are three different types of Tili caste, each with their own social status, rituals, and traditional occupations.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Castes and Subcastes List in West Bengal |url=https://www.matchfinder.in/matrimony/static/castedata/CastesandSubcastesListinWestBengal.pdf |websi..."