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<div>{{Short description|State Legislative Assembly Constituency in Tamil Nadu}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}<br />
{{coord|12.735|N|77.829|E|display=title}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
| type = SLA<br />
| constituency_no = 55<br />
| map_image = Constitution-Hosur.svg<br />
| Existence = <br />
| district = [[Krishnagiri district|Krishnagiri]]<br />
| loksabha_cons = [[Krishnagiri Lok Sabha constituency|Krishnagiri]]<br />
| established = 1951<br />
| state = [[Tamil Nadu]]<br />
| mla = [[P. Balakrishna Reddy]]<br />
| party = {{Party index link|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br />
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}<br />
| latest_election_year = [[2026 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2026]]<br />
| name = Hosur<br />
| electors = 342,989 <br />
| reservation = None<br />
}}<br />
'''Hosur''' is a [[Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu|state assembly]] constituency in [[Krishnagiri district]] in [[Tamil Nadu]], India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/Const_map/map.htm |title=Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Constituency Map |website=Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly |access-date=25 January 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614070155/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/const_map/map.htm |archive-date=14 June 2012 }}</ref> Its State Assembly Constituency number is 55. It consists of a portion of [[Hosur taluk]]. It forms a part of [[Krishnagiri Lok Sabha constituency]] for national elections to the [[Parliament of India]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Tamilnadu/Final%20Notification%20&%20Order%20.pdf |title= Tamil Nadu - Final Notification & Order |website= Delimitation Commission of India |publisher= National Informatics Centre |access-date= 26 January 2017}}</ref> It is one of the 234 State Legislative Assembly Constituencies in Tamil Nadu, in India.<br />
<br />
== Members of Legislative Assembly ==<br />
=== Madras State ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" width="50%"<br />
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Year<br />
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Winner<br />
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white" colspan="2" | Party<br />
|-<br />
| [[1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1952]]<br />
| [[R. Muni Reddy]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1957]]<br />
| [[K. Appavoo Pillai|K. Appavu Pillai]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[1962 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1962]]<br />
| [[Ramachandra Reddy]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election|1967]]<br />
| [[B. Venkataswamy]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Swatantra Party}}<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Tamil Nadu ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Year<br />
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Winner<br />
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white" colspan="2" | Party<br />
|-<br />
| [[1971 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1971]]<br />
| [[B. Venkataswamy]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Swatantra Party}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br />
| [[N. Ramachandra Reddy]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br />
| rowspan="2"|[[T. Venkata Reddy]]<br />
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress (I)}}<br />
| [[Indian National Congress (I)]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1984]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1989]]<br />
| N. Ramachandra Reddy<br />
|-<br />
| [[1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1991]]<br />
| [[K. A. Manoharan]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|1996]]<br />
| [[B. Venkatasamy]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2001]]<br />
| rowspan="3"|[[K. Gopinath]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2006]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2011]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2016]]<br />
| [[P. Balakrishna Reddy]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br />
|-<br />
| 2019^<ref>Disqualified as convicted by special court</ref><ref>{{cite web |publisher=Election Commission of India |title=2016 Tamil Nadu General Election: Constituency Data Summary |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2016/09-Constitutional%20Data%20Summarytamil.pdf |access-date=27 May 2016|page=55}}</ref><br />
| [[S. A. Sathya]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|rowspan=2}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2021]]<br />
| [[Y. Prakaash]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[2026 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|2026]]<br />
| P. Balakrishna Reddy<br />
| {{Full party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Election results==<br />
{{bar box<br />
|float=right<br />
|title= Vote share of winning candidates<br />
|titlebar=#ddd<br />
|width=300px<br />
|barwidth=275px<br />
|bars=<br />
{{bar percent|[[#2026|2026]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|39.55}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#2021|2021]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|47.65}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#2019 by-election|2019 by-election]]|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|50.30}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#2016|2016]]|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|41.59}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#2011|2011]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|37.79}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#2006|2006]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|42.08}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#2001|2001]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|35.24}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1996|1996]]|{{party color|Janata Dal}}|34.89}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1991|1991]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|47.64}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1989|1989]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|39.78}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1984|1984]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|48.37}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1980|1980]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|49.80}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1977|1977]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|58.12}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1971|1971]]|{{party color|Swatantra Party}}|63.81}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1967|1967]]|{{party color|Swatantra Party}}|52.69}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1962|1962]]|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|64.46}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1957|1957]]|{{party color|Independent politician}}|39.60}}<br />
{{bar percent|[[#1952|1952]]|{{party color|Independent politician}}|53.90}}<br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== 2026 ===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2026 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. Balakrishna Reddy]]|party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes=1,09,867 |percentage=39.55 |change={{decrease}}3.12 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate= Vadivel|party=Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam |votes=82,064 |percentage=29.54 |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[S. A. Sathya]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes=73,773 |percentage=26.56 |change={{decrease}}21.09 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate= Stalin|party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=7,632 |percentage=2.75 |change={{decrease}}1.85}}<br />
<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes=1,614 |percentage=0.58 |change={{decrease}}0.22 }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=27,803 |percentage=10.01 |change={{increase}}5.03}}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=2,77,770 |percentage= |change=}}<br />
{{Election box rejected|votes=|percentage= }}{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 342989|change = }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing={{decrease}}3.12 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===2021===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web|title=hosur Election Result|url= https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2021/tamil-nadu/-s22a055|access-date= 26 Jul 2022}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[Y. Prakaash]] |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=118,231 |percentage=47.65|change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Jyothi |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=105,864 |percentage=42.67|change=+1.08 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Geetha Lakshmi |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=11,422 |percentage=4.60 |change=+3.20}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Masood |party=Makkal Needhi Maiam |votes=6,563 |percentage=2.65|change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes=1,976 |percentage=0.80|change=-0.80 }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=12,367 |percentage=4.98 |change= -5.68 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=248,098 |percentage=70.54 |change= -0.63 }}<br />
{{Election box rejected|votes=264|percentage=0.11 }}{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 351,715 |change = }} |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 6.07 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===2019 by-election===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2019 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-elections]]: Hosur<ref>{{Cite web |title=Form 21E (Return of Election) |url=https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/ByeElection2019_Form21E/AC055.pdf |access-date=12 Feb 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216062123/https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/ByeElection2019_Form21E/AC055.pdf |archive-date=16 February 2022 }}</ref><br />
}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link<br />
|party = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam<br />
|candidate = [[S. A. Sathya]]<br />
|votes = 1,15,027<br />
|percentage = 50.30<br />
|change = +50.30<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam<br />
|candidate = S. Jyothi Reddy<br />
<br />
|votes = 91,814<br />
|percentage = 40.15<br />
|change = -1.44<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Makkal Needhi Maiam<br />
|candidate =P. Jeyapal<br />
|votes = 8,032<br />
|percentage = 3.51<br />
|change = +3.51<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Naam Tamilar Katchi<br />
|candidate =M. Rajasekar<br />
|votes = 6,740<br />
|percentage = 2.95<br />
|change = +2.95<br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = None of the above<br />
|candidate = [[None of the above|None of the Above]]<br />
|votes = 4,262<br />
|percentage = 1.86<br />
|change = +0.26<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box majority<br />
|votes = 23,213<br />
|percentage = 10.15<br />
|change = -0.52<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box turnout<br />
|votes = 2,28,709<br />
|percentage = 69.87<br />
|change = -1.34<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link<br />
|winner = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam<br />
|loser = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam<br />
|swing = +8.71<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===2016===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/TNLA2016/AC%20WISE%20CANDIDATE%20COUNT.pdf|access-date= 30 Apr 2022|archive-date= 30 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220430083638/https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/TNLA2016/AC%20WISE%20CANDIDATE%20COUNT.pdf|title=Assembly wise Candidate Valid Votes count 2016, Tamil Nadu|website=www.elections.tn.gov.in}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[P. Balakrishna Reddy]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=89,510 |percentage=41.59% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Gopinath]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=66,546 |percentage=30.92% |change=-6.87 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=G. Balakrishnan |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=28,850 |percentage=13.40% |change=+2.24 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Muniraj |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=10,309 |percentage=4.79% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Chandran |party=Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam |votes=7,780 |percentage=3.61% |change=-25.95 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=NOTA |party=None of the above |votes=3,445 |percentage=1.60% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Alex Esther |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=3,021 |percentage=1.40% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. Shanawaskhan |party=Social Democratic Party of India |votes=1,134 |percentage=0.53% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=22,964 |percentage=10.67% |change= 2.45% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=215,231 |percentage=71.17% |change= -3.83% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 302,410 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 3.80% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===2011===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{Cite report|url=http://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Web/Index_card_TNLA2011/10-DETAILEDRESULT_ver4.3.pdf|title=Detailes Result 2011, Aseembly Election Tamil Nadu|work=Election Commission of Tamil Nadu|access-date=9 May 2021| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20170215085458/http://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Web/Index_card_TNLA2011/10-DETAILEDRESULT_ver4.3.pdf| archive-date =15 February 2017}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Gopinath]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=65,034 |percentage=37.79% |change=-4.29 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. John Timothy |party=Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam |votes=50,882 |percentage=29.56% |change=+22.88 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[S. A. Sathya]] |party=Independent politician |votes=24,639 |percentage=14.32% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Bala Krishnan |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=19,217 |percentage=11.17% |change=+0.25 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Chitrambalam |party=Independent politician |votes=6,325 |percentage=3.68% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Ramadevan |party=Independent politician |votes=2,018 |percentage=1.17% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=G. C. Ramaswamy |party=Independent politician |votes=1,517 |percentage=0.88% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=H. Sanaulla Shariff |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=1,430 |percentage=0.83% |change=-0.2 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Manjunath |party=Independent politician |votes=1,044 |percentage=0.61% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=14,152 |percentage=8.22% |change= 2.40% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=172,106 |percentage=75.00% |change= 6.04% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 229,478 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -4.29% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===2006===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = 2006 Election Statistical Report| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_TN_2006.pdf| access-date = 12 May 2006| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007200819/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_TN_2006.pdf| archive-date = 7 October 2010}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Gopinath]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=90,647 |percentage=42.08% |change=+6.85 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Sampangi Ramaiah |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=78,096 |percentage=36.26% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[B. Venkataswamy]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=23,514 |percentage=10.92% |change=-19.34 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Chandiran |party=Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam |votes=14,401 |percentage=6.69% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=G. C. Ramasamy |party=Independent politician |votes=3,375 |percentage=1.57% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Chitrambalam |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=2,227 |percentage=1.03% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. Krishna Reddy |party=TNJC |votes=1,186 |percentage=0.55% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Basha |party=Independent politician |votes=1,092 |percentage=0.51% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=12,551 |percentage=5.83% |change= 0.84% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=215,406 |percentage=68.95% |change= 13.77% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 312,387 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 6.85% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===2001===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India|title = Statistical Report on General Election 2001|url= http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/Stat_Rep_TN_2001.pdf|date = 12 May 2001 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006173934/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/Stat_Rep_TN_2001.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Gopinath]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=45,865 |percentage=35.24% |change=+25.82 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[B. Venkataswamy]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=39,376 |percentage=30.25% |change=+27.39 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Sampangi Ramiah |party=Independent politician |votes=30,909 |percentage=23.75% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=H. K. Srinivasan |party=Independent politician |votes=4,270 |percentage=3.28% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. S. Ramasamy Reddy |party=United Communist Party of India |votes=2,087 |percentage=1.60% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Varalakshmi |party=Independent politician |votes=1,914 |percentage=1.47% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Narayanappa |party=Independent politician |votes=1,607 |percentage=1.23% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. M. Sivanna |party=Janata Dal (Secular) |votes=1,492 |percentage=1.15% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Gowrappa |party=Independent politician |votes=1,172 |percentage=0.90% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Dr. V. Rajagopal |party=Independent politician |votes=772 |percentage=0.59% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. B. Shanmugasundar |party=Janata Dal (United) |votes=699 |percentage=0.54% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=6,489 |percentage=4.99% |change= 3.52% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=130,163 |percentage=55.19% |change= -6.19% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 235,967 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Janata Dal |swing= 0.35% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1996===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = 1996 Election Statistical Report| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-TN96.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007221700/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-TN96.pdf| archive-date = 7 October 2010}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[B. Venkataswamy]] |party=Janata Dal |votes=41,456 |percentage=34.89% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[T. Venkata Reddy]] |party=Tamil Maanila Congress |votes=39,719 |percentage=33.43% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. Sampangiramiah |party=Independent politician |votes=20,355 |percentage=17.13% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Gopinath]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=11,190 |percentage=9.42% |change=-38.23 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Govindhareddy |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=3,399 |percentage=2.86% |change=-7.73 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=G. Gummareddy |party=Janata Party |votes=851 |percentage=0.72% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,737 |percentage=1.46% |change= -7.34% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=118,830 |percentage=61.37% |change= 3.21% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 212,268 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Janata Dal |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -12.76% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1991===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1991| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-Tamil%20Nadu91.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007161404/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-Tamil%20Nadu91.pdf| archive-date = 7 October 2010}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. A. Manoharan]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=47,346 |percentage=47.64% |change=+7.86 }}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[B. Venkataswamy]] |party=Janata Dal |votes=38,600 |percentage=38.84% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. S. Narendiran |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=10,521 |percentage=10.59% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=B. Subramaniyam |party=Pattali Makkal Katchi |votes=1,958 |percentage=1.97% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=8,746 |percentage=8.80% |change= 6.64% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=99,377 |percentage=58.16% |change= -6.70% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 177,739 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 7.86% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1989===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1989| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/StatisticalReportTamilNadu89.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006153620/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/StatisticalReportTamilNadu89.pdf| archive-date = 6 October 2010}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[Ramachandra Reddy]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=37,934 |percentage=39.78% |change=-8.59 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[B. Venkataswamy]] |party=Janata Party |votes=35,873 |percentage=37.62% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. M. Nanjunda Samy |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=12,613 |percentage=13.23% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. S. Abubacker |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=3,491 |percentage=3.66% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=V. K. Venkata Samy |party=Independent politician |votes=759 |percentage=0.80% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Sugumar |party=Independent politician |votes=755 |percentage=0.79% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Sundar Raj |party=Independent politician |votes=599 |percentage=0.63% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Kakiappa |party=Independent politician |votes=578 |percentage=0.61% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Venkatagiri |party=Independent politician |votes=549 |percentage=0.58% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=H. Saroja |party=Independent politician |votes=512 |percentage=0.54% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,061 |percentage=2.16% |change= -25.52% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=95,364 |percentage=64.86% |change= -1.47% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 152,293 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -8.59% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1984===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1984 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1984| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1984/StatisticalReportTamilNadu84.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20120117121208/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1984/StatisticalReportTamilNadu84.pdf| archive-date = 17 January 2012}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[T. Venkata Reddy]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=35,293 |percentage=48.37% |change=-1.43 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=E. Venkatasamy |party=Janata Party |votes=15,096 |percentage=20.69% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. A. Manoharan]]|party=Independent politician |votes=12,884 |percentage=17.66% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. Sampangiramai |party=Independent politician |votes=5,921 |percentage=8.11% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. B. Shanumga Sudaram |party=Independent politician |votes=2,199 |percentage=3.01% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Kakiappan |party=Independent politician |votes=923 |percentage=1.26% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Krishnamoorthi |party=Independent politician |votes=649 |percentage=0.89% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=20,197 |percentage=27.68% |change= 19.18% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=72,965 |percentage=66.33% |change= 16.49% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 120,813 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -1.43% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1980===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1980| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006231656/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf| archive-date = 6 October 2010}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[T. Venkata Reddy]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=25,855 |percentage=49.80% |change=-8.32 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. S. Kothanda Ramaiah |party=Independent politician |votes=21,443 |percentage=41.31% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. Seetharama Reddy |party=Indian National Congress (U) |votes=1,889 |percentage=3.64% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Krishna Moorthy |party=Janata Party |votes=1,446 |percentage=2.79% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Kullappa |party=Independent politician |votes=744 |percentage=1.43% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=R. Ramakrisha Reddy |party=Independent politician |votes=536 |percentage=1.03% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,412 |percentage=8.50% |change= -23.87% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=51,913 |percentage=49.85% |change= -9.11% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 106,169 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -8.32% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1977===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1977| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf| access-date = 19 April 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007141448/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf | archive-date = 7 October 2010}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[Ramachandra Reddy]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=30,818 |percentage=58.12% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. S. Kothandaramiah |party=Janata Party |votes=13,653 |percentage=25.75% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Ramasamy |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=4,981 |percentage=9.39% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=A. Mohamad Salasa |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=3,573 |percentage=6.74% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=17,165 |percentage=32.37% |change= 2.57% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=53,025 |percentage=58.96% |change= 0.24% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 92,284 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Swatantra Party |swing= -5.69% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1971===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1971 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title = Statistical Report on General Election 1971| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_TN_71.pdf | access-date = 19 April 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101006131227/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_TN_71.pdf | archive-date = 6 October 2010}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[B. Venkataswamy]] |party=Swatantra Party |votes=28,259 |percentage=63.81% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[T. Venkata Reddy]] |party=Independent politician |votes=15,063 |percentage=34.01% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Kullappa |party=Independent politician |votes=965 |percentage=2.18% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=13,196 |percentage=29.80% |change= 24.41% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=44,287 |percentage=58.72% |change= 3.46% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 80,662 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Swatantra Party |loser=Swatantra Party |swing= 11.12% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1967===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{Cite web| last = Election Commission of India|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf|title= Statistical Report on General Election 1967|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320175222/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf|archive-date=20 March 2012|access-date= 19 April 2009}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[B. Venkataswami]] |party=Swatantra Party |votes=21,530 |percentage=52.69% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Appavu Pillai]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=19,329 |percentage=47.31% |change=-17.15 }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,201 |percentage=5.39% |change= -23.54% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=40,859 |percentage=55.25% |change= 9.79% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 77,814 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Swatantra Party |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -11.77% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1962===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1962 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India|title=Statistical Report on General Election 1962|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Madras_1962.pdf|access-date= 19 April 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127201143/https://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Madras_1962.pdf|archive-date=27 January 2013}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[Ramachandra Reddy]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=25,577 |percentage=64.46% |change=+28.89 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Shamanna |party=Swatantra Party |votes=14,101 |percentage=35.54% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=11,476 |percentage=28.92% |change= 24.90% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=39,678 |percentage=45.47% |change= 14.46% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 92,141 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Independent politician |swing= 24.86% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1957===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1957 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title=Statistical Report on General Election 1957 | url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Madras_1957.pdf| access-date=2015-07-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127200447/https://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Madras_1957.pdf|archive-date=27 January 2013}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Appavu Pillai]] |party=Independent politician |votes=10,305 |percentage=39.60% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[N. Ramachandra Reddy]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=9,257 |percentage=35.57% |change=-6.28 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Shamanna |party=Independent politician |votes=6,460 |percentage=24.83% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,048 |percentage=4.03% |change= -8.01% }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=26,022 |percentage=31.01% |change= -8.76% }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 83,913 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Independent politician |loser=Independent politician |swing= -14.30% }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===1952===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1952 Madras Legislative Assembly election]]: Hosur<ref>{{cite web| last = Election Commission of India| title=Statistical Report on General Election 1951| url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/STATISTICALREPORTS_51_MADRAS.pdf| access-date=2014-10-14|archive-date=27 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127201450/https://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/STATISTICALREPORTS_51_MADRAS.pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=M. Muni Reddi |party=Independent politician |votes=17,850 |percentage=53.90% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Appavu Pillai]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=13,863 |percentage=41.86% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Shammanna |party=Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party |votes=1,406 |percentage=4.25% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,987 |percentage=12.04% |change= }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=33,119 |percentage=39.77% |change= }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 83,284 |change = }}<br />
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Independent politician |loser= |swing= }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
* {{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp |title=Statistical reports of assembly elections |access-date=8 July 2010 |publisher=Election Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005110118/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp |archive-date=5 October 2010 }}<br />
<br />
{{Tamil Nadu assembly elections|state=expanded}}<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:Krishnagiri district]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]<br />
[[Category:1951 establishments in Madras State]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_battles_in_Rajasthan&diff=512864List of battles in Rajasthan2026-05-04T15:39:52Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: new new stub</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Wars and battles involving ancient Rajputana}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}<br />
[[File:Chokha, Battle of Haldighati, painted 1822.jpg|thumb|400px|[[Battle of Haldighati]], fought between [[Mughals]] and [[Maharana Pratap]].]]<br />
Several significant [[battle]]s are recorded to have taken place in what is now known as [[Rajasthan]], [[India]].<br />
<br />
==8-9th Century==<br />
<br />
* '''[[Umayyad campaigns in India]] (711–740 CE)''' – An alliance of rulers under the [[pratihara]] King [[Nagabhata I]] defeated the Arabs in 711 CE, in alliance with [[Sisodias of Mewar|Kingdom of Mewar]], King [[Bappa Rawal]], and forced them to retreat to [[Sindh]].<ref>R. C. Majumdar 1977, p. 298-299</ref><br />
* '''Arab Invasion of Rajputana (800–836 CE)''' - An alliance of local rulers under [[Nagabhata II|Nagbhata II]] of [[Gurjara Pratihara]] [[Dynasty]] and Rawal Khoman II of [[Mewar]] successfully repulsed an Invasion of Arabs under Bashar, the governor of Sindh, Govindraj Chauhan and other Rajput leaders of Kannauj, Punjab, Gujarat, and Delhi also played a major role in the battle.<ref>Ancient India by R. C. Majumdar, p. 297</ref><ref>Early Hindu-Islamic conflict by J.F. Richard, p. 95</ref><ref>Arab In Sind by Mohamed Nasr, p. 162</ref><ref>Indian Historical Quarterly Vol.14 by Narendra Nath, p. 813-817</ref><ref>Mewar Saga<br />
by Doctor Mankekar p 23</ref><br />
<br />
*'''Umayyad Invasion of Rajasthan'''<br />
The [[Guhila dynasty|Guhila Rajputs]] were feudatories of the [[Mori Kingdom|Moriya (Mori)]] Rajputs of Chitor and they came into prominence in the time of Khummaņa I popularly known as Bappā Rāwal who was the 9th ruler in the family of Guhadatta. He started his political career as a vassal of the Mori monarch Manurāja and probably led the Mori forces against the Arabs. In this expedition, Bappā Rāwal achieved complete victory.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mishra |first=Shyam Manohar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kZWgj-YMdVEC&pg=PA48 |title=Yaśovarman of Kanauj: A Study of Political History, Social, and Cultural Life of Northern India During the Reign of Yaśovarman |date=1977 |publisher=Abhinav Publications |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==11th century==<br />
* '''Kachwaha invasion of Dhundhar (1071)''' – [[Dulha Rai]] of [[Kachhwaha]] dynasty led an army from [[Gwalior]], he defeated the [[Bargujar]]s and [[Meena]]s and conquered [[Dhundhar]] from them.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Rima|last=Hooja|title=A History of Rajasthan|publisher=Rupa and company|year=2006|pages=391|isbn=9788129115010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qqd1RAAACAAJ&q=rime%20hooja%20rajasthan|quote=Dulha Rai left Gwalior around AD 1071 and entered the territory of Dhundhar, subdued the Badgujars and Minas and settled at Dausa}}</ref><br />
<br />
==12th century==<br />
* '''Battle of Ajmer (circa. 1135-1150 CE)''' – Rajput forces under [[Arnoraja|Arnoraja Chauhan]] defeated invading forces of the [[Seljuk Empire]] under Ghaznavid King [[Bahram-Shah of Ghazna|Bahram Shah]].{{sfn|Singh|1964|p=138-140}}<br />
* '''Battle of Khetri (circa. 1150-1164 CE)''' – Forces of the [[Ghaznavids|Ghazanvid Empire]] under [[Khusrau Shah of Ghazna]] defeated by [[Chauhan Dynasty|Chauhan dynasty]] under [[Vigraharaja IV]]. This decisive victory not only marked the successful defense of the region but also resulted in the annexation of [[Hansi]] (Asika) into the Chahamana territory.{{sfn|Dasharatha Sharma|1959|p=60-62}}<ref name=BD>{{Cite book|first=Rima|last=Hooja|title=A History of Rajasthan|publisher=Rupa and company|year=2006|pages=258|isbn=9788129115010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qqd1RAAACAAJ&q=rime%20hooja%20rajasthan|quote=Bisaldev successfully repulsed a large Ghaznavid army led by Sultan Khusrau Shah (1152-1160), which had advanced as far as Vavvera....He wrested Delhi from the Tomars in either AD 1151 or 1153, but allowed them to continue to hold the area as Chauhan Feudatories. He also took Hansi (Asika) from the Ghaznavids}}</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Kasahrada]] (1178)''' – [[Mularaja II]] of [[Chaulukya dynasty]] defeated [[Muhammad of Ghor]].{{sfn|Majumdar|1956|pp=131-132}}{{sfn|Sharma|1959|p=138}}{{sfn|Singh|1964|p=259}}<br />
* '''Siege of Bayana (1196)''' – [[Muhammad of Ghor]] besieged [[Bayana]], then capital of the [[Jadaun Rajputs]], whose ruler Kumarpala was defeated and the territory passed under Muhammad of Ghor who placed it under his senior slave [[Bahauddin Tughril]].<ref>{{Cite book |author=[[K. A. Nizami]]|chapter=FOUNDATION OF THE DELHI SULTANAT |editor1=Mohammad Habib |editor2=Khaliq Ahmad Nizami |title=A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526) |volume=5 |edition=Second |year=1992 |publisher=The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_9cmAQAAMAAJ|page=171|quote="In 592/1195-96 Muizzuddin again carme to India. He attacked Bayana, which was under Kumarapala, a Jadon Bhatti Rajput. The ruler avoided a confrontation at Bayana, his capital, but went to Thankar and entrenched himself there. He vas, howvever, compelled to surrender. Thankar and Vijayamandirgarh were occupied and put under Bahauddin Tughril. Mu'izzuddin - next marched towards Gwalior. Sallakhanapala of the Parihara dynasty, however, acknowledged the suzerainty of Muizzuddin|oclc=31870180}}</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Kasahrada (1197)]]''' — [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]], a slave-commander of [[Muhammad of Ghor]] defeated [[Chaulukya dynasty|Chaulukya]] king [[Bhima II]]<br />
* '''Battle of Ajmer (1196)''' – [[Qutubuddin Aibak]] Invaded [[Rajasthan]] but he was defeated by confederacy of Hindu [[Rajputs]] and [[Mer (community)]]<br />
in 1196 CE.<ref name="Srivastav Ashoka .k 1981">{{Cite book |last=Srivastav Ashoka .k |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.66317 |title=Khalji Sultans In Rajasthan |date=1981}}</ref><br />
<br />
==13th century==<br />
*'''Siege of Jalore (1211)''' – [[Iltutmish]] Be Jalore he was repulsed by Udayasimha of Jalore in 1211 CE.<ref name="Srivastav Ashoka .k 1981"/><br />
* '''Siege of Ranthambore (1226)''' - [[Iltutmish]] captured the Ranthambore fort in 1226 CE.{{sfn|Sen|1999|p=336}} <br />
* '''Siege of Mandore (1227) ''' – [[Iltutmish]] captured [[Mandore]] but it was soon recaptured by [[Rajputs]] in 1227 CE.<ref name="Srivastav Ashoka .k 1981"/><br />
* '''Siege of Ranthambore (1236)''' – Vagbhata Chauhan recaptured Ranthambore during the reign of the Delhi ruler [[Razia Sultana|Razia]].{{sfn|Sen|1999|p=336}} <br />
* '''Siege of Ranthambore (1248)''' – Vagabhata Chauhan successfully defended the fort against [[Nasiruddin Mahmud (grandson of Iltutmish)|Nasiruddin Mahmud]].{{sfn|Sen|1999|p=336}}<br />
* '''Siege of Ranthambore (1253)''' – Vagbhata Chauhan repelled another invasion from the Mamluks.{{sfn|Sen|1999|p=336}} <br />
* '''Invasion of Mewar (1253–54)''' - Rawal [[Tejasimha]] fought series of battle against [[Balban]].{{sfn|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|pp=86-87}}<br />
* '''Invasion of Mewar (1255)''' - Rawal [[Tejasimha]] who gave refuge to Qutlug Khan who revolted against Sultan of Delhi repelled another invasion from [[Balban]] .{{sfn|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|pp=86-87}}<br />
* '''Siege of Ranthambore (1259)''' – [[Nasiruddin Mahmud (grandson of Iltutmish)|Nasiruddin Mahmud]] captured Ranthambore from Jetra Singh Chauhan.<br />
* '''Siege of Ranthambore (1283)''' – Shakti Dev Chauhan recaptured Ranthambore from the Mamluks.<br />
*'''Battle of Ranthambore (1290)''' – [[Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji]] attacked [[Hammir Dev Chauhan|Hammir Dev]] because of his rising power. Jalaludin's forces were defeated by Hammir.<br />
* ''' Siege of Jalore (1291)''' –[[Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji]] attacked [[Jalore]] but he was forced to retreat by Vaghela ruler of [[Gujarat]] Sarangadeva in 1291 CE.<ref name="Srivastav Ashoka .k 1981"/><br />
* '''Siege of Jaisalmer (1294–1295)''' – [[Alauddin Khalji]] commanded the Khilji army under [[Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji]] and plundered [[Jaisalmer State|Jaisalmer]] after a siege that lasted for a year. For some years afterwards Jaisalmer remained abandoned before the surviving Rajputs reoccupied it.<ref name="Beny & Matheson. Page 149">Beny & Matheson, p. 149.</ref><br />
* ''' Battle of Banas (1300) ''' – [[Alauddin Khalji]] sent his younger brother Ulugh Khan to Invaded [[Ranthambore Fort|Ranthambore]] but he was defeated by [[Hammiradeva]] generals Bhimasimha and Dharmasimha in 1300 CE.<ref name="Srivastav Ashoka .k 1981"/><br />
<br />
==14th Century==<br />
* '''[[Siege of Ranthambore (1301)|Siege of Ranthambore]] (1301)''' – [[Hammiradeva]] defeated [[Alauddin Khalji]]'s generals Ulugh Khan and Nusrat Khan; later, Alauddin defeated Hamira dev.<br />
* '''[[Siege of Chittorgarh (1303)|Siege of Chittor]] (1303)''' – Alauddin Khalji defeated [[Rawal Ratan Singh]].<br />
* ''' Siege of Jalore (1305) ''' – [[Kanhadadeva]] defeated Delhi army and killed general Shaheen.<ref name="Srivastav Ashoka .k 1981"/><br />
* '''Battle of Siwana (1305) ''' – Sitaldeva Commander of [[Siwana]] fort defeated and killed [[Alauddin Khalji]] Generals Nahar Malik and Kandadhara Bhoja.<ref name="Srivastav Ashoka .k 1981"/><br />
* '''[[Siege of Siwana]] (1308)''' – Malik Kamaluddin a general of Alauddin Khalji defeated Sheetal Deo.<br />
* '''Siege of Jalore (1310)''' – [[Kanhad Dev]] repulsed [[Alauddin Khalji]] General Shama Khan<ref name="Srivastav Ashoka .k 1981"/><br />
* '''[[Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Jalore|Battle of Jalore]] (1310–11)''' – Alauddin Khalji defeated [[Kanhad Dev]] after a long and bloody war it was a pyrrhic victory.<ref>{{cite book |title=History of Rajasthani Literature |last=Maheshwari |first=Hiralal |year=1980 |publisher=Sahitya Akademi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rK42AAAAIAAJ&q=%22Kanhad+Dev%22 |page=17 }}</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Chittor (1321)''' – Rana [[Hammir Singh]] defeated Maldev Songara, a vassal of the [[Tughlaq dynasty]] and recovered [[Mewar]].<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=116–117}}</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Singoli]] (1336)''' – Rana [[Hammir Singh]] defeated and imprisoned [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]] and annexed [[Ajmer]], [[Ranthambhore Fort]], [[Nagaur]] and Shivapuri.<ref>{{cite book |title=The History and Culture of the Indian People: The Delhi Sultanate |edition=2nd |editor=R. C. Majumdar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XKVFAQAAMAAJ |year=1960 |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan |page=70}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.esamskriti.com/e/History/Indian-History/Rajput-Victories-in-Indian-history-1.aspx|title=Rajput Victories in Indian History}}</ref><br />
*'''Battle of Mallani (1374)''' - [[Rawal Mallinath]] [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] with the help of [[Firoz Shah Tughlaq]] Defeated Tribhuvanshi<ref>Gazetteer of India, Rajasthan: Barmer<br />
by D.C. Joseph</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Mallani (1378)''' – [[Rawal Mallinath]] [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] defeated thirteen division of Mohamadan army of Nijjamudin of [[Malwa]] and [[Firoz Shah Tughlaq]].<ref name="ReferenceA">Glory of Marwar and glorious Rathores, p. 27</ref><ref name="Marwar ka itihas, p. 54">Marwar ka itihas, p. 54</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Mandore (1394)''' – [[Rawal Mallinath]] [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] sent a contingent under his nephew [[Chunda of Mandore|Rao Chunda]] to annex [[Mandore]]. [[Chunda of Mandore|Rao Chunda]] defeated Muslim force and annexed [[Mandore]].<ref>Gazetteers Of India Rajasthan (barmer), p. 33</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Mandore (1396)''' – [[Chunda of Mandore|Rao Chunda]] [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] successfully defended [[Mandore]] against a [[Tughlaq Empire|Tughlaq]] army and captured Sambhar, Didwana, Khatu and Ajmer from them.<ref name=CD>{{Cite book|first=Rima|last=Hooja|title=A History of Rajasthan|publisher=Rupa and co.|year=2006|pages=379–380|isbn=9788129115010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qqd1RAAACAAJ&q=rajasthan%20rima%20hooja}}</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Nagaur (1399)''' – Rao Chunda Rathore defeated Jalal Khan Khokhar of Nagaur and annexed Nagaur<ref name="ReferenceA"/><br />
*'''Battle of Mallani (1399)''' – Kunwar Jagmal Singh Mahecha Rawal of Malani defeated Hathi Khan general of Gujarat Sultan [[Mahmud Begada]] and married Muslim princess Gindoli.<ref>Gazetteers Of India Rajasthan (barmer), p. 34</ref><ref name="Marwar ka itihas, p. 54"/><br />
<br />
==15th Century==<br />
*'''Battle of Badnore (1415)''' – [[Rana Lakha]] defeated sultan of Delhi at Badnore and further took the war to Gaya in Bihar and got exemption from the pilgrimage tax imposed on the Hindus for their visit there.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CGtIvgAACAAJ|title=Maharana Kumbha: Sovereign, Soldier, Scholar|first=Har Bilas|last= Sarda|publisher=Creative Media Partners, LLC|year= 2016|isbn=978-1371562045|access-date=2020-09-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=fr8tAAAAMAAJ&q=Lakshman+Simha+is+said+to+have+defeated+the+Sultan+of+Delhi+near+Badnor+and+got+exemption+from+the+pilgrimage+tax+imposed+on+th|last=Ahluwalia|first=M.S.|title=Muslim Expansion in Rajasthan|publisher=Yugantar Prakashan|year=1978|location=Delhi|quote=Lakshman Simha is said to have defeated the Sultan of Delhi near Badnor and got exemption from the pilgrimage tax imposed on the Hindus for their visits to holy places like Kashi, Gaya and Paryag|page=168}}</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Mandore (1421)''' – [[Chunda of Mandore|Rao Chunda]] Re-captured Nagaur from Firozkhan.<ref>Glory of Marwar and glorious Rathores, p. 28</ref><br />
*'''Battle of [[Sirohi]] (1434)''' – Rao Ranmal defeated Rao Sahasmal Deora and captured Basantgarh, Bhula and areas of Abu.<ref>Rajasthan through the ages vol 5, pg 36.</ref><br />
*'''Siege of Mandalgarh (1435–1436)''' – Rao Ranmal [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] captured Mandalgarh fort from Rao Bairisal Hada.<ref>Rajasthan through the ages vol 5, pg 5.</ref><br />
* ''' Battle of Jahazpur (1436)''' –[[Rana Kumbha]] defeated Hadas of Bundi At Jahazpur<ref>{{Cite book |last=Somani |first=Ram Vallabh |url=http://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.14106 |title=History of Mewar: from earliest times to 1751 A.D. |date=1976 |publisher=C.L. Ranka, Jaipur}}</ref><br />
* ''' Conquest of Eastern Sirohi State (1437) ''' - [[Rana Kumbha]] Marched Against Sirohi State Captured Parganas of Ajahari, Pindwara from Sirohi Ruler Sahasmal<ref>{{Cite book |last=Somani |first=Ram Vallabh |url=http://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.14106 |title=History of Mewar: from earliest times to 1751 A.D. |date=1976 |publisher=C.L. Ranka, Jaipur}}</ref><br />
*'''Battle of Sarangpur (1437)''' – Rana Kumbha supported by Rao Ranmal Rathore defeated and imprisoned [[Mahmud Khalji]].To commemorate this victory, Rana Kumbha built the Vijay Stambha (Tower of Victory) in the fortress of Chittor.{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}<br />
* ''' Capture of Ajmer (1437) ''' – [[Rana Kumbha]] Captured Ajmer From Nagaur Sultan Firoz Khan<ref>{{Cite book |last=Somani |first=Ram Vallabh |url=http://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.14106 |title=History of Mewar: from earliest times to 1751 A.D. |date=1976 |publisher=C.L. Ranka, Jaipur}}</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Mandalgarh and Banas]] (1442–1446)''' – A series of battles that took place between [[Mahmud Khalji]] of [[Malwa]] and [[Rana Kumbha]] of [[Mewar]]. Bloodied by these engagements the Sultan did not attack Mewar for another ten years.<ref>A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books.</ref><ref>Har Bilas Sarda "Maharana Kumbha: sovereign, soldier, scholar" pg 47</ref><br />
*'''[[Capture of Gagron (1444)|Siege of Gagron (1444)]]''' – Sultan Mahmud besieged Gagron fort which belonged to Palhan Singh Khichi. Rana Kumbha had sent reinforcements under his commander Dahir, but Dahir died in battle and Palhan was killed by bhils while fleeing from the fort.<ref>Rajasthan through the ages vol 5, pg 4.</ref><br />
*'''Siege of Mandore (1454)''' – [[Rao Jodha]] [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] recaptured Mandore from [[Rana Kumbha]].<ref>Rajasthan through the ages vol 5, pg 30.</ref><br />
*'''Battle of Abu (1455)''' – Qutbuddin sent Imadul Mulk to invade Mewar through Abu, but Imadul suffered heavy losses against the Mewari soldiers posted on the hills and was immediately called back.<ref>Rajasthan through the ages vol 5, pg 18.</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Nagaur]] (1456)''' – [[Rana Kumbha]] defeated the combined armies of Shams Khan (sultan of [[Nagaur]]) and Qutbuddin (Sultan of Gujarat) and captured [[Nagaur]], Kasili, [[Khandela]] and [[shakambhari]].<ref>A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 116–117</ref><br />
*'''Battle of Mandalgarh (1456)''' – Sultan Mahmud attacked Mandalgarh, he sent seven detachments to attack the [[Rana Kumbha]] from multiple directions. The Malwa forces under Taj Khan and Ali Khan suffered heavy losses in battle against Rana Kumbha after which Mahmud retreated the next morning.<ref>Rajasthan through the ages vol 5, pg 9.</ref><br />
*'''Siege of Mandalgarh (1456–57)''' – In December [[Rana Kumbha]] was forced to move north to confront the sultan of Gujarat, Sultan Mahmud once again attacked Mandalgarh and captured it after a siege. Fort was later recaptured by the Rajputs .<ref>Rajasthan through the ages vol 5, pg 11.</ref><br />
*'''Siege of Kumbhalgarh (1458–1459)''' – Sultan Mahmud besieged Kumbhalgarh fort but finding the fort too strong he retreated back to Mandu.<ref name="Reference">Rajasthan through the ages vol 5, pg 12.</ref><br />
*'''Siege of Nagaur (1466)''' – [[Rao Jodha]] defeated Fatankhan of Nagaur. Fatankhan was forced to flee to [[Jhunjhunu]].<ref>Glories of Marwar and the glorious Rathore, pg 32.</ref><br />
*'''Battle of Mandalgarh (1467)''' – Sultan Mahmud invaded Mewar and fought a battle with [[Rana Kumbha]], but retreated after defeated & taking heavy losses.<ref name="Reference" /><br />
*'''[[Battle of Mandalgarh]] (1473) ''' - After failed invasion of Chittor Sultan of [[Malwa]] then marched up to capture [[Mandalgarh]] but again was defeated by [[Rana Raimal]]. After defeating the Sultan of Malwa, the Rajput army chased them up to Khairabad and later it was sacked and Plundered from which Rajputs extracted heavy fines from the Sultan of Malwa.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sarda |first1=Har Bilas |title=Maharana Sanga; the Hindupat, the last great leader of the Rajput race |date=1918 |publisher=Ajmer, Scottish Mission Industries |page=7 |url=https://archive.org/details/maharanasangahin00sardrich/page/7/mode/1up?view=theater}}</ref><br />
*'''Battle of Chappar-Dronpur (1474)''' – [[Rao Jodha]] defeated Bahlol Khan and Hussian Shah of Jaunpur Sultanat.<ref>Glories of marwar and the glorious Rathore, pg 32.</ref><br />
*'''Siege of Chittorgarh (1475)''' – After the death of [[Udai Singh I]] The sultan of Mandu helped Surajmal and Shahasmal. He started with a large army to assist Surajmal and Shashasmal to the throne of Mewar and arrived near [[Chittor]]. [[Rana Raimal]] issued from the fortress and attacked [[Ghiyath Shah]] who being utterly defeated, fled to Mandu.<ref>Maharana Sanga; the Hindupat, the last great leader of the Rajput race, pg -6, by Sarda Har Bilas, Diwan Bahadur, 1867-1955</ref><br />
* '''Conquest of Jangladesh (1485)''' - [[Rao Bika]] invaded Jangladesh which was in the control of Jat settlements. Bika led an army of 300 Rajput warriors and subjugated all of the Jat clans of northern Rajasthan.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kothiyal|first=Tanuja|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=be-7CwAAQBAJ&dq=rao+bika+jats&pg=PA78|title=Nomadic Narratives: A History of Mobility and Identity in the Great Indian|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2016|isbn=9781107080317|pages=78|access-date=2020-09-17}}</ref><ref name="Jibraeil 2006, p. 223">Jibraeil: "Position of Jats in Churu Region", The Jats - Vol. II, Ed Dr Vir Singh, Delhi, 2006, p. 223</ref><ref>G.S.L. Devra, op. cit., 7-8, Cf. Dayaldas ri Khyat, part 2, p. 4-5</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Sambhar (1486)''' - Rao Jodha [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] Defeated invading army of Raja chandrasen of Amber<ref name="ReferenceD">Glory of Marwar and the glorious Rathores, p. 32</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Shiv (1486)''' - Rao Jodha [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] Defeated Rawal Devidas of Jaisalmer and re-occupied Shiv<ref name="ReferenceD"/><br />
* '''Battle of Bikaner (1488)''' -[[Bahlol Lodi]] sent an expedition against [[Rao Bika]] under Sarang Khan the governor of Hissar but the Muslim army was Defeated and Sarang Khan was killed<ref>Living Up to Heritage<br />
History of the Rajput Regiment, 1947-1970 · Volume 2</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Peepar (1492)''' – [[Satal Rathore of Marwar|Rao Satal]] [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] defeated Gudhla Khan, an Afghan general and rescued 140 Maidens that had been captured. Rao Satal himself died that night of the wounds received in the battle.<ref>Indian States a biographical, sustainable and administrative survey by jw solomon</ref><br />
*'''Capture of Ajmer (1495)''' – [[Prithviraj Sisodia]] defeated afgans at Taragarh fort and slayed afgan Governor Mallu Khan <ref>[[#Sarda|Maharana Sanga The Hindupat]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-02|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#Sarda|reason=}}, p28</ref><br />
<br />
==16th Century==<br />
* '''Battle of Bikaner (1513)''' – Muhammad Khan of Nagaur invaded [[Bikaner State|Rathor kingdom of Bikaner]] but was defeated by [[Lunkaran]] Rathore.<br />
* '''Battle of Jaisalmer ( 1513 )''' – Rawal Jaitsi was defeated by Jograj Singh Bhati 'kunda'.<br />
* '''Battle of Khatoli (1518)''' – [[Rana Sanga]] defeated [[Ibrahim Lodhi]].<br />
* '''[[Battle of Dholpur]] (1519)''' – [[Rana Sanga]] defeated [[Ibrahim Lodhi]] second time.<br />
* '''[[Battle of Gagron]] (1519)''' – Rana Sanga defeated [[Mahmud Khalji]] of [[Malwa]].<br />
* '''[[Rana Sanga's invasion of Gujarat|Rana Sanga conquest of Gujarat]] (1520)''' - In 1520 [[Rana Sanga]] led a coalition of [[Rajput]] armies to invade [[Gujarat]]. He reinstated Raimal as the Rao of [[Idar State|Idar]] and defeated the [[Gujarat Sultanate]] forces under the command of Nizam Khan. Rana Sanga drove the army of Muzaffar II deep into Gujarat and chased them up to [[Ahmedabad]].<ref>{{Cite book|first=Rima|last=Hooja|title=A History of Rajasthan, Section:The State of Mewar, AD 1500- AD 1600|publisher=Rupa & Company|year=2006|isbn=9788129108906|page=451|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tosMAQAAMAAJ&q=Muzaffar+II|access-date=2020-09-16}}</ref> The Sultan of Gujarat was forced to flee to [[Champaner|Muhammadabad]].<ref>[https://archive.org/details/maharanasangahin00sardrich Maharana Sanga] by Har Bilas Sarda{{page needed|date=May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=J. Chaube|title=History of Gujarat Kingdom, 1458-1537|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m94BAAAAMAAJ|year=1975|publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal |page=147|isbn=9780883865736}}</ref><br />
* '''[[Siege of Mandsaur]] (1520)''' – Sultan Muzaffar Shah II sent an army under Malik Ayaz but failed and retreated to Gujarat.<ref>The Hindupat, the Last Great Leader of the Rajput Race. 1918. Reprint. London pg 84-86</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Sevaki (1529)''' – [[Rao Ganga]] and Rao Jaitsi defeated Shekha and Daulat Khan of Nagaur.<br />
*'''Battle of Hirabadi (1533)''' – [[Rao Maldeo Rathore|Rao Maldeo]] defeated Daulat Khan of Nagaur. Daulat Khan was forced to flee to AAjmer<br />
* '''Siege of Jaisalmer (1537)''' – [[Rao Maldeo Rathore|Rao Maldeo]] besieged Jaisalmer. Rawal Lunkaran sued for peace.<br />
* '''[[Battle of Sammel]] (1544)''' – Afghan victory against [[Rao Maldeo Rathore|Rao Maldeo]] force led by Rao Jaita and Rao Kumpa [[Jodhpur State|Marwar kingdom]]<br />
* '''Battle of Jodhpur (1545)'''– Rao Maldeo Rathore defeated the Afghan garrison in Marwar and reoccupied his lost territories .<ref>Mahajan, V.D. (1991, reprint 2007). History of Medieval India, Part II, New Delhi: S. Chand, {{ISBN|81-219-0364-5}}, p. 43</ref><br />
<br />
==16th Century==<br />
* '''[[Battle of Bayana]] (1527)''' – Mughal advance guard was defeated by [[Rana Sanga]].<ref>Satish Chandra 2006 p=33</ref> <br />
* '''[[Battle of Khanwa]] (1527)''' – Mughal army defeated [[Rana Sanga|Rana sanga]] <br />
* '''Siege of Bikaner (1534)''' – Rao Jaitsi [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]] defeated Mughal force under Kamran brother of emperor [[Humayun]].<ref>Hooja, Rima (2006). A History of Rajasthan. Rupa and company., p. 541. ISBN 9788129108906</ref> <br />
* '''Battle of Harmada (1557)''' – [[Rao Maldeo Rathore]] defeated [[Udai Singh II]] and captured [[Merta City|Merta]].<ref>Akbarnama II pg 72</ref><ref>Jodhpur Khyat pg 76</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Ajmer (1559)''' – [[Akbar]]'s general Qasim Khan annexed [[Ajmer]] from [[Maldeo Rathore]].<ref>Akbarnama II pg 46</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Merta (1562)''' – [[Akbar]] with the help of ruler of [[Bikaner State|Bikaner]] and [[Amer, India|Amer]] defeated [[Rao Chandra Sen|Rao Chandra Sen Rathore]] and captured [[Merta City|Merta]].<br />
* '''Battle of Lohawat (1562)''' – [[Rao Chandra Sen]] defeated [[Udai Singh of Marwar|Udai Singh]].<br />
* '''Battle of Nadol (1563)''' – [[Rao Chandra Sen]] defeated Ramchandra Rathore. Ramchandra fled to [[Nagaur]].<br />
* '''First Mughal Invasion of Marwar (1562–1583)''' – [[Akbar]] invaded [[Marwar]] and occupied [[Jodhpur State|Jodhpur]]. The ruler [[Rao Chandra Sen]] continued his struggle until his death in 1581 after which [[Marwar]] submitted to Mughal rule in 1583.<ref>Studies in Mughal History pg 91 by Ashwini Agrawal</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Mandalgarh (1567)''' – [[Akbar]] advanced by [[Dholpur]] route taking the forts of Sivapura and Kota, he dispatched a Mughal army under Asaf khan to take surrounding forts. Mandalgarh was the first to be attacked but Asaf khan was repulsed by the faithful commander Ballu Sinhji, a [[Solanki (clan)|Solanki]] [[Rajput]]. Later Asaf khan and Wazir khan conquered Mandalgarh by defeating the Solanki contingent of the fort.<ref>The rajputs:A fighting race by jessarji sisodia</ref><br />
* '''[[Siege of Chittorgarh (1567–1568)|Siege of Chittorgarh]] (1567)''' – [[Akbar]] defeated [[Rao Jaimal]] and [[Patta Sisodia|Patta]] [[Sisodia Dynasty|Sisodia]] ([[Udai Singh II|Rana Udai Singh II]] and the entire royal family were forcefully sent out of the fort by the feudal lords to continue the struggle.)<br />
* '''[[Siege of Ranthambore (1568)|Siege of Ranthambore]] (1568)''' – A successful siege by [[Akbar]] causes the [[Rajput]] leader Rao Surjan Hada to surrender [[Ranthambore Fort]].<br />
* '''Siege of Siwana (1572)''' – Mughal force under General [[Udai Singh of Marwar|Udai Singh]] Rathore defeated Kalyanmal Singh Rathore and Kalyandas Rathore and annexed powerful fort of Siwana which served as [[Rao Chandra Sen]]'s capital was captured by the Mughals after a siege of 8 months.<ref>Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II pg-120, by Satish Chandra</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Haldighati]] (1576)''' – Battle between [[Man Singh I]] and [[Pratap Singh I]].{{sfn|De la Garza|2016|p=56}}{{sfn|Raghavan|2018|p=67}}<br />
* '''Battle of Mohi (1577)''' - When the imperial commanders were establishing order in the rebel areas Akbar in order to personally supervise the reduction of the Rana's power personally left Ajmer for Gogunda on 11 October 1576 A. D. Then the emperor moved further in the north-easterly direction and put Majahad Beg, Ghazi Khan Badakhshi, Sarif Khan Atka etc., with 3,000 horsemen at Mohi(near Nathdwara). Here he remained for some time. But when the protecting armies of Man Singh and his colleagues had withdrawn from the neighbourhood, Pratap's soldiers fell upon him and Majahad Beg was killed in the skirmish that followed. Mohi was taken by the Rajputs in September, 1577, and the Emperor made no attempt to re-occupy the place for some time.<ref>Mewar and the Mughal Emperor by Gopinath Sharma, p. 109</ref><ref>Maharana Pratap by Shri Ram Sharma, p. 96</ref><ref>Abul Fazl: Akbarnama, (Persian Text), Vol. III., p. 166</ref><ref>Nizamuddin: Tabaqat-i-Akbari, (Persian Text), p. 336</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Dewair (1582)|Battle]]''' '''[[Battle of Dewair (1582)|of Dewair (1582)]]''' – [[Maharana Pratap|Maharana Pr]]'''[[Battle of Dewair (1582)|<nowiki>]</nowiki>]]'''[[Maharana Pratap|atap]] fought against Mughal governor of [[Dewair]] Sultan Khan and defeated him and 36 Mughal posts were dissolved.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Gopinath|last=Sharma|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jIs9AAAAMAAJ|title=Mewar & the Mughal Emperors (1526-1707 A.D.)|date=1954|publisher=S.L. Agarwala|page=73|language=en}}</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Dattani (1583)''' – Rao Surtan Deora Chauhan of Sirohi defeated Mughal force.<br />
* '''Siege of Kumbhalgarh (1583)''' - Maharana Pratap recaptured Kumbhalgarh fort from Mughals.{{sfn|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|pp=239}}<br />
* '''Siege of Ontala (1599)''' - Rana Amar Singh defeated and killed Mughal general Kayum Khan to capture Ontala fort.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Gopinath|last=Sharma|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jIs9AAAAMAAJ|title=Mewar & the Mughal Emperors (1526-1707 A.D.)|date=1954|publisher=S.L. Agarwala|page=125|language=en}}</ref><br />
*'''Prince Salim's Invasion of Mewar'''-[[Jahangir|Prince Salim]], later known as Emperor [[Jahangir]], along with Raja [[Man Singh]], led an invasion of the kingdom of Mewar and successfully defeated [[Amar Singh I|Amar Singh]]. Following the defeat, [[Amar Singh I|Amar Singh]] fled into the hills and a significant portion of [[Mewar]] was annexed to the [[Mughal Empire]]. This included territories such as [[Mohi, Rajasthan|Mohi]], Ontala, [[Bagore]], and [[Mandal]], which became part of the Mughal dominion.<br />
<br />
==17th Century==<br />
* '''[[Battle of Dewair (1606)]]''' – Fought in a valley 40&nbsp;km from [[Kumbalgarh]]. [[Rana Amar Singh]] won and the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] prince [[Muhammad Parviz]] fled from the battlefield with his commander Asaf Khan III.<ref name=g>{{citation|location=[[Rajasthan]]|title=District Gazetteers|last=Rajsamand|date=2001|page=35|quote=The battle of Dewar was fought in a valley of Arvali about 40 km north -east of Kumbhalgarh. ... Prince Amar Singh fought and pierced through Sultan Khan and the horse he was riding.}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=A military history of medieval India|date=2003|page=530|quote=Prince Pravez and Asaf Khan led an army of 20,000 horse which fought a battle against Rana Amar Singh at Dewar}}</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Ranakpur (1611)''' - [[Rana Amar Singh]] won mughal forces under Abdullah Khan rendering his Mewar expedition.{{sfn|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|pp=250}}<br />
* '''[[Rajput War (1679–1707)]]''' also known as '''Rathore Rebellion''' – Emperor [[Aurangzeb]] took [[Marwar]] under his direct control after the death of [[Maharaja Jaswant Singh]]. The Rathore army under [[Durgadas Rathore]] carried out a relentless struggle against the occupying forces. In 1707 after the death of Aurangzeb,Durgadas defeated the local Mughal force and reoccupied [[Jodhpur State|Jodhpur]] and their lost territories by.<ref>The Cambridge History of India pg 248-304</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Udaipur (1680)''' – [[Aurangzeb]] attacked [[Mewar]] and plundered [[Udaipur]], the citizens were safely escorted to Panarwa a hilly region by [[Rana Raj Singh]] but 63 temples in and around Udaipur were plundered and many villages were burned down by Aurangzeb's general Taj Khan. The Mughal army was eventually starved because of the scorched earth techniques and guerrilla warfare used by the Rana. Aurangzeb after a failed campaign left Mewar to his son [[Sultan Muhammad Akbar|Akbar]] and retreated to [[Ajmer]].<ref>Maharana Raj Singh and His Times By Ram Sharma</ref> during that time [[naruji barhath]] a [[charan]] warrior fought bravely to protect jagdish mandir from Aurangzeb army. he was martyred while fighting to mughal army<ref><br />
It was resisted by 20 warriors of Mewar under the leadership of Naruji and all were killed fighting.<br />
http://www.eternalmewar.in/research</ref><ref>Aurangzeb attacked Mewar and plundered Udaipur, the citizens were safely escorted to Panarwa a hilly region by Rana Raj Singh but 63 temples in and around Udaipur were plundered and many villages were burned down by Aurangzeb's general Taj Khan. The Mughal army was eventually starved because of the scorched earth techniques and guerrilla warfare used by the Rana. Aurangzeb after a failed campaign left Mewar to his son Akbar and retreated to Ajmer.http://etd.lib.jnu.ac.in/TH17242.pdf</ref><ref>Another example, this time from the Caran community, is the aforementioned Naruji, whose death at the hands of Aurangzeb's soldiers is held to reflect the glory of the Mewar royal family . The 78 THE GODDESSES ' HENCHMEN.https://books.google.co.in/books?id=Ono8DwAAQBAJ&printsec=copyright&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Naruji&f=false</ref><ref>One of their ancestor Barhath Naruji fought Aurangzeb’s <br />
force while protecting Jagadish temple in 1680 and Gave up his life in this endeavour.https://www.socialsciencejournal.in/assets/archives/2024/vol10issue5/10088.pdf</ref><br />
[[File:Charan Naruji Barhat fighting Mughals with 22 warriors Jagdish Temple Udaipur.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Naruji Barhat and his 22 Charan warriors defending the Jagdish Temple against the Mughal forces in 1680.]]<br />
* '''Battle of Aravalli hills (1680)''' – In the second half of 1680, after several months of such setbacks, Aurangzeb decided on an all-out offensive. [[Niccolao Manucci]], an Italian gunner in the Mughal army, says: "''for this campaign, Aurangzeb put in pledge the whole of his kingdom.''" Three separate armies, under Aurangzeb's sons [[Sultan Muhammad Akbar|Akbar]], [[Azam Shah|Azam]] and [[Bahadur Shah I|Muazzam]], penetrated the [[Aravalli hills]] from different directions. However, their artillery lost its effectiveness while being dragged around the rugged hills and the Prince Akbar rebelled against Aurangzeb . Aurangzeb later complied to the demands of Rana Raj Singh and Mewar was left alone.<ref>Storia do Mogor By Niccolao Manucci</ref><br />
*'''Battle of Khanana (1681–1687)''' – Rathore rebels under Veer [[Durgadas Rathore]] defeated Mughal force. This battle resulted in major victory for Rathores. Kumpawats captured [[Siwana]] town from Mughals. Mughal commander Purdil Khan was killed in this battle.<ref>Rajput Rebellion against Aurangzeb, p. 76</ref><br />
*'''Battle of Ajmer (1690)''' – [[Durgadas Rathore]] defeated Safi Khan.<br />
<br />
==18th Century==<br />
<br />
* '''Battle of Jodhpur (1707)''' – [[Durgadas Rathore]] took advantage of the disturbances following the death of Aurangzeb in 1707 to seize Jodhpur and eventually evict the occupying Mughal force out of Marwar.<ref>Cambridge history of India pg. 304</ref><br />
* '''Annexation of Amer (1708)''' – [[Bahadur Shah I]] marched with a large army and annexed [[Amer, India|Amer]] without a war. Raja [[Sawai Jai Singh]] was forced to retreat with his army. Amber was named 'Mominabad' by the Mughal emperor.{{sfn|Irvine|1904|p=47}}<br />
* '''Battle of Merta (1708)''' – [[Bahadur Shah I]]'s general Mihrab Khan defeated [[Ajit Singh of Marwar]]. The Mughal emperor was advised to stay in Ajmer as the Mughals were wary of the guerrilla tactics of Veer Durgadas. Ajit Singh however went against the advice of Durgadas Rathore and directly confronted the large Mughal army. The Mughals bombarded the Rathor horsemen with cannons and rockets and forced them to retreat after heavy losses. Jodhpur was once again occupied by the Mughals. Jodhpur was named Mohjamabhad by the Mugal emperor. {{sfn|Irvine|1904|p=48}} <br />
* '''[[Rajput Rebellion 1708-1710]]''' – The three Rajput Raja's Kacchwaha of [[Kingdom of Amber|Amber]],Sishodiya of [[Udaipur State|Udaipur]] and Rathore of [[Jodhpur State|Jodhpur]] made a joint resistance to the Mughals. The Rajputs first expelled the commandants of Jodhpur and [[Bayana]] and recovered [[Amer, India|Amer]] by an attack. They next killed Sayyid Hussain Khan Barha in the "Battle of Sambhar (1709)". [[Ajit Singh of Marwar|Ajit Singh]] also attacked Ajmer and forced its governor to pay tribute. Sayyid Hidayatullah, the governor of [[Ranthambor]] was also defeated, bringing a danger to the Mughal capital itself. [[Bahadur Shah I]], then in the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]] was forced to patch up a truce with the Rajput Rajas (1710).<ref>The Cambridge History of India, Volume 3 pg 322</ref><br />
* '''Siege of Jodhpur and Jaipur (1708)''' – [[Sawai Jai Singh|Jai Singh]] and [[Ajit Singh of Marwar|Ajit Singh]] storm Amber and Jodhpur and retake their capitals from the Mughal garrisons.<ref name="RZ">{{Cite book|first=Jadunath|last=Sarkar|title=A History of Jaipur: C. 1503-1938|publisher=Orient Blackswan|year=1994|page=162|isbn=9788125003335|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O0oPIo9TXKcC&q=bahadur+shah+was+absent}}</ref> <br />
* '''Battle of Sambhar (1708)''' - Sayyid Hussain Barha of Mewat defeated near Sambhar by the Rathore-Kachwaha army. Barha shot dead with his two brothers.<ref name="RZ" /> <br />
* '''Battle of Javli (1710)''' – Mir Khan of Narnaul with 7000 Mughal troops and [[Churaman|Churaman Jat]] with 6000 Jats effectively checked by Gaj Singh Naruka at Javli.<ref name="RZ" /> <br />
* '''Battle of Tonk (24 March 1710)''' – Muhammad Khan of [[Tonk State|Tonk]] defeated by the Rathore-Kachwaha army.<ref name="RZ" /><br />
* '''Battle of Kama (1708) (4–7 October 1708)''' – Ajit Singh Rajawat kachwaha, the zamindar of Kama defeated combined armies of Mughals and Jats. The Mughal-Jat army numbered 18,000 while the Kachwahas had 10,000 horsemen. After a bitter fight the Mughal faujdar Raza Bahadur was killed and the injured Jat leader Churaman was forced to retreat to Thun.<ref>AKhbarat, Kartik Sudi 5, Samvat, 1765 (7 October 1708) quoted by U.N. Sharma, Itihas, I, 215, 212-215</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Bandanwara]] (1711)''' – [[Sangram Singh II|Maharana Sangram Singh - II]] defeated Mughal force under Mir Bakshi and Zulfikar Khan.<ref>{{harvnb|Ram Vallabh Somani|1976|p=324}}</ref><br />
* '''Jai Singh II's campaign against the Jats (1718–1722)''' – [[Farrukhsiyar]] sent Raja Jai Singh of Jaipur. The Mughal Emperor had no choice but to send Jai Singh II of Amber against the Rajput. Badan Singh joined Jai Singh prepared an army of 14,000 men and marched towards the Jat strongholds. Muhkam Singh attacked Jai Singh's army at night several times leading to heavy losses on both sides. Badan Singh who was with the army of Rajah Jai Singh pointed out the weak spots and helped in the reduction of two fortified outworks. After conducting the defence for about two months, Muhkam fled to Jodhpur where he paid the Jodhpur Maharaja Ajit Singh three lakh rupees to help him against Jai Singh. A Jodhpur army was sent under Bijairaj Bhandari to save Thoon, however by the time the Jodhpur army reached Jobner, it was too late as most of the Jat strongholds had fallen and many smaller forts had been dismantled. Muhkam had no choice but to go into exile, a Mughal army was sent to chase him, however he was saved by the Maharaja of Jodhpur. Badan Singh was thus made the Thakur of Bharatpur by Jai Singh.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jadunath Sarkar |title=History of Jaipur |pages=171}}</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Gangwana]] (1741)''' – 10,000 Rathore cavaliers of [[Bakht Singh (Maharaja)|Bhakt Singh]] fought a combined army of a 24000 men consisting of [[Mughals]], [[Kachwahas]] and. In this battle Bhakt Singh was defeated but his cavalry charge killed and injured thousands of his foes. Sir [[Jadunath Sarkar]] quotes that - ''"the battle front was like tigers upon a flock of sheep"''. According to Harcharandas more than 12,000 men were slain in the battlefield.<ref>A History of Jaipur pg-200 by Jadunath Sarkar</ref><ref>Fall of the Mughal Empire pg-139-140 by Jadunath Sarkar</ref><ref>Harcharandas in Chahar Gulzar 377b-379b</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Rajamahal|Battle of Rajmahal]] (1747)''' – [[Ishwari Singh of Jaipur|Ishwari Singh]] of [[Jaipur State|Jaipur]] defeated a coalition of armies led by [[Jagat Singh II|Jagat Singh]] of [[Udaipur State|Mewar]].<ref>Rajasthan Through the Ages pg 182</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Bagru]] (1748)''' – [[Madho Singh I]] defeated [[Ishwari Singh of Jaipur|Ishwari Singh]].<ref>Rajasthan through the Ages vol 4 pg.188</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Raona (1750)''' – The [[Mughal Empire]] invaded [[Marwar]] but were repelled by the armies of [[Ram Singh of Marwar|Ram Singh]] and [[Ishwari Singh of Jaipur|Ishwari Singh]].<ref>Rajasthan through the Ages vol 4 pg.189</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Luniawas (1750)''' – [[Bakht Singh (Maharaja)|Bhakt Singh]] challenged his nephew Ram Singh for the throne of Marwar. Ram Singh hired a large contingent of Afghan and Baloch Musketeers from Sindh to defeat his uncle, he further formed a powerful army in Jodhpur and appointed Sher Singh Rathore, a veteran general of Marwar to defeat the usurper. At first Ram Singhs general Sher Singh Rathore pushed [[Bakht Singh (Maharaja)|Bhakt Singh]] 4 miles back and almost forced him to retreat, 2000 Rathores of Bhakt Singh fell in the battle with 9 Rathor nobles and [[Bakht Singh (Maharaja)|Bhakt Singh]] was severely injured by spear and bullet wounds, but [[Bakht Singh (Maharaja)|Bhakt Singh]] made a fierce counterattack which killed Sher Singh and most of Ram Singhs commanders making the battle a costly victory for [[Bakht Singh (Maharaja)|Bhakt Singh]].<ref>Rajasthan through the Ages vol 4 pg.196</ref><ref>Fall Of The Mughal Empire- Vol. I (4Th Edn.), Volume 1, By Jadunath Sarkar pg.159</ref><br />
*'''Battle of Ajmer (1752)''' – In May 1752 [[Jayappaji Rao Scindia]] and [[Ram Singh I]] attacked [[Ajmer]], sacked it and massacred the populace. Upon learning of the invasion, [[Bakht Singh of Marwar|Bhakt Singh]] marched with his army and camped 8 miles away from Ajmer. He waited till July and then attacked Jayappa. Bhakt Singh blocked the surrounding paths and placed his guns on a hill, he then bombarded the Marathas, upon receiving heavy casualties, the Marathas fled along with the army of Ram Singh.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Jadunath|last=Sarkar|title=Fall of the Mughal Empire Vol 2|publisher=Orient BlackSwan; First edition|year=2007|page=102|url=}}</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Kumher]] (1754)''' – [[Suraj Mal|Suraj Mal Jat]] ruler of [[Bharatpur State|Bharatpur]] defeated combind army of Marathas, Mughals and Jaipur.<br />
* '''Capture of Alwar Fort (1756)''' – [[Madho Singh I|Madho Singh]] of [[Jaipur]] had occupied Alwar Fort by paying Rupees 50 thousand as bribe to its custodian and sending 500 men. When Suraj Mal heard of it, he despatched a strong force of 5,000 under Rup Ram Katari and the siege of the fort was taken up. Soon after [[Jawahar Singh]] also joined him. In the ensuing fight there, the Jats easily gained the day and thus wrested the fort from the Rajputs (c. 23 March 1756). The Jaipur ruler, though visibly mortified by the reverse, held back as he felt himself powerless in ejecting the Jats.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dwivedi |first=Girish Chandra |title=The Jats, Their Role in the Mughal Empire |publisher=[[ArnoldPublishers]] |year=1989 |isbn=9788170311508 |pages=100 |language=English}}</ref><br />
* Siege of Barwara and Tonk Forts (1757) - Raghunath Rao and Malhar Rao Holkar laid siege on the forts of Barwara and Tonk against [[Madho Singh I]]. It resulted in Stalemate.<br />
* [[Battle of Kakor (1759)|Battle of Kakkor (1759)]] - Malhar rao Holkar crushed the forces of Jaipur who were 4000 in number and killed their 21 captains.<br />
*'''Battle of Mangrol (1761)''' – Madho Singh of Jaipur fought Malhar Rao Holkar. The Jaipur army had 10,000 men while the Holkar army had 6,000 men from Indore and 3,000 men supplied by the Rao of [[Kota State|Kota]]. After a 2-day battle the Jaipur army was completely destroyed. However Malhar Rao was not able to plunder [[Dhundhar]] for long as he was recalled to [[Bundelkhand]] because of rebellions and threats of invasion by Shuja-Ud-Daula of [[Awadh]].<ref>Rajasthan Through the Ages By R.K. Gupta, S.R. Bakshi pg.202-204</ref><br />
* '''Siege of Ranthambore (1765)''' – [[Sawai Pratap Singh Naruka|Pratap Singh of Macheri]] defeated Marathas after a long siege<ref>An Historical Sketch of Naruka State of Ulwar in Rajputana by Alex S. Faulkner</ref><br />
* '''[[Battle of Maonda and Mandholi]] (1767)''' – Jaipur forces defeat the forces of [[Bharatpur, Rajasthan|Bharatpur]].<ref name="ReferenceC">History of Jaipur by Jadunath Sarkar pg. 256</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Kama (1768)''' – [[Madho Singh I]] invaded [[Bharatpur, Rajasthan|Bharatpur]] at the head of 16,000 men where he defeated jat leader [[Jawahar Singh]] again on 29 February 1768.<ref name="The Rajputana gazetteers - 1880">The Rajputana gazetteers - 1880</ref><ref name="ReferenceC" /><br />
* '''[[Battle of Mandan]] (1775)''' – The Shekhawats defeated a Mughal force under Mitrasen Ahir, Peero Khan and Kale Khan. After heavy losses on both sides, Peero Khan died and Mitra Sen fled.<ref name="JP">{{Cite book|first=Rima|last=Hooja|title=A History of Rajasthan|publisher=Rupa and company|year=2006|page=694|isbn=9788129115010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qqd1RAAACAAJ&q=rime%20hooja%20rajasthan|quote=in a pitched battle at Mandan, both sides suffered heavily. Peero Khan died and Mitra Sen fled the field, leaving the Shekhawat chiefs victorious.}}</ref> <br />
* '''Conquest of Alwar (1775) ''' - [[Pratap Singh Naruka]] took the possession of the Alwar fort by bribing the Jat garrison, whose pay had long been in arrears.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pande |first=Ram |title=Bharatpur Upto 1826 A Social and Political History of the Jats |publisher=Rama Publishing House |year=1970 |pages=118 |language=English}}</ref> <br />
* '''[[Battle of Khatu Shyamji]] (1779)''' – Chood Singh Nathawat of Doongri and Dalel Singh Khangarot of Sewa defeated the imperial army under Murtaza Khan Bhadech, Najaf Khan and Abdullah Khan.<ref>{{cite book|first=Rima|last=Hooja|title=A History of Rajasthan|publisher=Rupa and company|year=2006|pages=694|isbn=9788129115010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qqd1RAAACAAJ&q=rime%20hooja%20rajasthan|quote=Battle of Khatu–Shyamji. This last occurred when Murtaza Khan Bhadech was sent into Shekhawati to collect revenue arrears. His subsequent march towards Jaipur was blocked at Khatu-Shyamji, where the Shekhawats led by Devi Singh of Sikar defeated the intruder.<br />
}}</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Tunga or [[Battle of Lalsot]] (1787)''' – Combined forces of Jaipur and Jodhpur defeated Maratha forces led by [[Mahadji Shinde]].<ref>Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 16, page 134 -- Imperial Gazetteer of India -- Digital South Asia Library.</ref><ref>Tikkiwal, Harish Chandra (1974). Jaipur and the Later Mughals (1707-1803 A.D.): A Study in Political Relations</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Patan (1790)''' – The Battle of Patan was fought on 20 June 1790 between the Scindias(then Shindes) of Gwalior and the Kachwahas of Jaipur, and resulted decisive victory of Maratha forces.<br />
* '''Battle of Merta (1790)''' – Maratha army of [[Mahadaji Shinde]] under De Boigne defeated the army of [[Vijay Singh of Marwar|Vijay Singh]].<br />
* '''[[Battle of Fatehpur (1799)]]''' – The Battle was fought in March 1799 between the Maratha Kingdom of Gwalior supported by General George Thomas and the [[Jaipur State|Kingdom of Jaipur]] under [[Pratap Singh of Jaipur]] which resulted in a decisive Jaipur victory.<ref>History of Jaipur by Jadunath Sarkar pg. 355</ref><br />
<br />
==19th Century==<br />
* '''[[Siege of Deeg]] (1804)''' – Jats under [[Ranjit Singh of Bharatpur|Ranjit Singh]] and Marathas under [[Yashwantrao Holkar]] defeated by [[East India Company]].<br />
* '''[[Siege of Bharatpur (1805)]]''' – Jats and Marathas defeated East India Company<br />
* '''Siege of Mehrangarh (1806)''' – [[Man Singh of Marwar]] defeated the armies of Jaipur, Mewar and Bikaner. So comprehensively that [[Jagat Singh II|Jagat Singh]] of Jaipur had to pay a sum of Rs. 2,00,000 to secure his safe passage. In honour of Man Singhs victory over Jaipur the Jai Pol, or victory gate was built in the fort in 1808.<br />
* '''[[Siege of Bharatpur (1825–1826)|Siege of Bharatpur]] (1825–26)''' – East India Company defeated [[Bharatpur State]]<br />
* '''Battle of Bithoda (8 September 1857)''' – [[Kushal Singh of Auwa|Kushal Singh Champawat]], a noble of Jodhpur joined the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]] against the British Empire, around 5,000 Rajputs of Pali joined him. The British asked Takht Singh to deal with him, however most of the Rathore nobles refused to fight with a fellow clansmen for foreigners. Kushal Singh thus defeated a force of local levies raised by [[Takht Singh]] of [[Jodhpur]].<ref>[http://www.defencejournal.com/2000/feb/central-indian.htm The Central India Campaign] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060404115213/http://defencejournal.com/2000/feb/central-indian.htm |date=4 April 2006 }}. "Khushal Singh, the Thakur of Awah, who was in rebellion against the British. On 8 September the Legion defeated a force of Jodhpur's loyal Raja's local levies."</ref><br />
* '''Battle of Chelawas (1857–1858)''' – [[Kushal Singh of Auwa|Kushal Singh]] killed Captain Mason and Hung his head on his fort gate for insulting him, he then defeated a British army of 2,000 men under Brigadier Lawrence.<br />
* '''Siege of Auwa (1857–1858)''' – An army of 30,000 men under Colonel Holmes forced Kushal Singh to retreat to his fort in Auwa. Holmes besieged the Auwa Fort and breached it after 6 months of siege. Kushal Singh was able to escape to Udaipur. Auwa was then confiscated by the British until the death of Kushal Singh in 1864.<ref>Political Awakening and Indian Freedom Movement with Special Reference to Rajasthan pg 28-35</ref><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[List of dynasties and rulers of Rajasthan]]<br />
* [[List of wars involving India]]<br />
* [[Afghan–Sikh Wars]]<br />
* [[Mughal–Maratha Wars]]<br />
* [[Mughal-Rajput Wars]]<br />
* [[Ahom–Mughal conflicts]]<br />
* [[Chola–Chalukya wars]]<br />
* [[Hindu mythological wars|Ancient Hindu wars]]<br />
* [[List of Anglo-Indian Wars]]<br />
* [[Battles involving the Maratha Empire]]<br />
* [[List of battles involving the Sikh Empire]]<br />
* [[Military history of the North-West Frontier]]<br />
* [[List of early Hindu–Muslim military conflicts in the Indian subcontinent]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}<br />
<br />
== Sources ==<br />
* {{Cite book |last=De la Garza |first=Andrew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OGERDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA56 |title=The Mughal Empire at War: Babur, Akbar and the Indian Military Revolution, 1500-1605 |date=2016 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781317245315}}<br />
* {{citation|title=The Later Mughals|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.280772|author-link=William Irvine (historian)|first=William|last=Irvine|year=1904|isbn=81-7536-406-8|publisher=Low Price Publications}}<br />
* {{cite book|last=Majumdar|first=Ashoke Kumar|title=Chaulukyas of Gujarat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ffAdAAAAMAAJ |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan |year=1956 |oclc=4413150 }}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Raghavan |first=T.C.A. |title=Attendant Lords: Bairam Khan and Abdur Rahim, Courtiers and Poets in Mughal India |publisher=HarperCollins |year=2018 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Ram Vallabh Somani |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NcIBAAAAMAAJ |title=History of Mewar, from Earliest Times to 1751 A.D. |publisher=Mateshwari |year=1976 |oclc=2929852}}<br />
*{{cite book |last= Sen|first= Sailendra Nath |title= Ancient Indian History and Civilization |orig-year=1999|year=1999|publisher= New Age Publishers|isbn=81-224-1198-3}}<br />
* {{cite book|last=Sharma|first=Dasharatha|title=Early Chauhān Dynasties |publisher=S. Chand / Motilal Banarsidass |year=1959 |isbn=9780842606189 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n4gcAAAAMAAJ }}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Singh|first=R. B.|title=History of the Chāhamānas |publisher=N. Kishore |year=1964 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKs9AAAAIAAJ |oclc=11038728 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Dasharatha Sharma |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n4gcAAAAMAAJ |title=Early Chauhān Dynasties |publisher=S. Chand / Motilal Banarsidass |year=1959 |isbn=9780842606189 |author-link=Dasharatha Sharma}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:History of Rajasthan| Battles]]<br />
[[Category:Battles involving the Rajputs]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ajeet_Singh_Yadav&diff=485124Ajeet Singh Yadav2026-04-24T12:07:20Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: New Biography</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian javelin thrower}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox sportsperson<br />
| name = Ajeet Singh Yadav<br />
| image = Ajeet Singh Yadav in January 2025.jpg<br />
| caption = Singh in January 2025<br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1993|09|05|df=y}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Etawah|Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India]]<br />
| height = {{height|ft=5|in=11}}<br />
| weight = <br />
| country = {{IND}}<br />
| sport = [[Sport of athletics|Athletics]]<br />
| event = [[Javelin throw]]<br />
| disability_class = [[T46 (classification)|F46]]<br />
| medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Men's [[para-athletics]] [[File:Athletics pictogram (Paralympics).svg|25px]] }}<br />
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|[[Paralympic Games]]}}[[File:IPC logo (2019).svg|center|40px]]<br />
{{MedalSilver|[[2024 Paralympic Games|2024 Paris]]|[[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Men's javelin throw #F46|Javelin throw F46]]}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|[[Asian Para Games]]}}<br />
{{MedalBronze|[[2022 Asian Para Games|2022 Hangzhou]]|[[Athletics at the 2022 Asian Para Games|Javelin throw F46]]}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|[[World Para Athletics Championships|World Para Championships]]}}<br />
{{MedalBronze|[[2024 World Para Athletics Championships|2024 Kobe]]|[[2024 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw|Javelin throw F46]]}}<br />
{{MedalGold|[[2023 World Para Athletics Championships|2023 Paris]]|[[2023 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw|Javelin throw F46]]}}<br />
{{MedalBronze|[[2019 World Para Athletics Championships|2019 Dubai]]|[[2019 World Para Athletics Championships – Men's javelin throw|Javelin throw F46]]}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|World Para Grand Prix}}<br />
{{MedalGold|2019 Beijing|Javelin throw F46}}<br />
{{MedalGold|2021 Dubai|Javelin throw F46}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Ajeet Singh Yadav'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.paralympic.org/ajeet-singh|title=Ajeet Singh Biography}}</ref> (born 5 September 1993) is an [[Indian people|Indian]] [[Parasports|Para athlete]] from Uttar Pradesh who competes in men's [[javelin throw]], in [[T46 (classification)|F-46 category]]. On 3 September 2024, he won a silver medal in javelin throw F46 category at the [[2024 Summer Paralympics]] in Paris.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ajeet Singh Yadav Wins Paralympics Silver, Had Lost Hand In Train Accident While Saving Friends Life {{!}} Olympics News |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/paralympic-games-2024/ajeet-singh-yadav-wins-paralympics-silver-had-lost-hand-in-train-accident-while-saving-friends-life-6492537 |access-date=2024-09-06 |website=NDTVSports.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-04 |title=Train accident survivor Ajeet Singh Yadav who saved friend's life, wins Paralympics javelin silver with 65.62m throw; Sundar takes bronze |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/train-accident-survivor-ajeet-singh-yadav-paralympics-javelin-silver-sundar-bronze-9549222/ |access-date=2024-09-06 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Early life==<br />
Ajeet Singh was born in 1993 in [[Etawah]] [[Uttar Pradesh]]. He is studying in [[Gwalior]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]. In 2017, he was involved in a tragic [[train accident]] while saving his friend. As a result, he is missing his left arm below the elbow.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.patrika.com/gwalior-news/ajeet-singh-javelin-throw-athlete-3173022/|title=दोस्त के लिए गंवाया हाथ, चोट के बाद भी नेशनल गेम्स में कमाया नाम|website=www.patrika.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-07|title=4 years after losing arm, para-athlete hopes to win another medal at Paralympics|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/4-years-after-losing-arm-para-athlete-hopes-to-win-another-medal-at-paralympics-101625646318921.html|access-date=2021-08-29|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> During recovery and rehab phase, almost after 4 months of accident, he took part in Para Athletic Senior National 2018 in [[Panchkula]], [[Haryana]].<br />
<br />
He was included in Sports Authority of India [[Government of India]] program under [[Target Olympic Podium Scheme]], and is also supported by the [[Olympic Gold Quest]]. He had completed his PhD in physical education and sports from Laxmibai National Institute of Physical Education, [[Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education|LNIPE]], Gwalior.<br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
After taking the sport of para javelin, he made his international debut in 2019. He took part in 7th World Para Athletics Grand Prix held in [[Beijing]], [[China]] and won gold medal in the javelin throw.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hindi/madhya-pradesh/state/gwalior/player-who-lost-a-hand-in-the-accident-gave-the-country-gold-in-para-athletics/mp20191203220546345|title=एक हादसे में गंवाया हाथ, फिर भी पैरा एथलेटिक्स में देश को दिलाया गोल्ड|website=www.etvbharat.com|date=3 Dec 2019}}</ref> He represented India in the [[2019 World Para Athletics Championships]] in [[Dubai]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.paralympic.org/dubai-2019/schedule/info-live-results/atdu19/eng/at/engat_athletics-results-men-s-javelin-throw-f46-1-01.htm|title=Dubai 2019 Results|website=www.paralympic.org}}</ref> where he claimed a [[bronze medal]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.gulftoday.ae/sport/2019/11/16/india-record-best-ever-medals-tally-in-dubai-para-event|title=India record best-ever medals tally in Dubai para event|website=www.gulftoday.ae|date=16 Nov 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/other-sports/story/kiren-rijiju-felicitates-world-para-athletics-championships-medal-winners-with-cash-awards-1620288-2019-11-18 |title=Kiren Rijiju felicitates World Para Athletics Championships medal winners with cash awards|website=www.indiatoday.in|date=18 Nov 2019}}</ref> and as a result he qualified for the 2020 Summer Paralympics. He also claimed a gold medal in the 2021 World Para Athletics Grand Prix.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-07|title=Invincible spirit - lost hand but not courage, Etawah's Ajeet sights gold at Tokyo Paralympics|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/invincible-spirit-lost-hand-but-not-courage-etawah-s-ajeet-sights-gold-at-tokyo-paralympics-101625681182814.html|access-date=2021-08-29|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Paralympics ===<br />
He made his Paralympic debut representing [[India at the 2020 Summer Paralympics]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Athletics: AJEET SINGH Ajeet Singh |url= https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/paralympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1641934-ajeet-singh-ajeet-singh.htm|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829113934/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/paralympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1641934-ajeet-singh-ajeet-singh.htm |archive-date=29 August 2021 |access-date=2021-08-29 |work=Tokyo 2020 Paralympics |publisher=[[Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games]]}}</ref> He qualified to represent [[India at the 2024 Summer Paralympics]] at [[Paris]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sportstar |first=Team |date=2024-08-14 |title=India at Paris Paralympics 2024: Complete list of 84 athletes at Paralympic Games |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/olympics/paris-paralympics-2024/news/paris-2024-india-paralympics-contingent-full-list-of-84-indian-athletes-qualified-sports-ministry-paralympic-games-news/article68512627.ece |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=Sportstar |language=en}}</ref> his second Olympics.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IPC|ajeet-singh|Ajeet Singh}}<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{Paralympic medalists for India|state=collapsed}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yadav, Ajeet Singh}}<br />
[[Category:1993 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian men javelin throwers]]<br />
[[Category:Paralympic athletes for India]]<br />
[[Category:Men competitors in the sport of athletics with disabilities]]<br />
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 2020 Summer Paralympics]]<br />
[[Category:People from Etawah]]<br />
[[Category:Medalists at the World Para Athletics Championships]]<br />
[[Category:World Para Athletics Championships winners]]<br />
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 2024 Summer Paralympics]]<br />
[[Category:Paralympic silver medalists for India]]<br />
[[Category:Medalists at the 2024 Summer Paralympics]]<br />
[[Category:Paralympic medalists in athletics (track and field)]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the Arjuna Award]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sophy_Thomas&diff=536730Sophy Thomas2026-04-23T08:52:25Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: creating a details and citations!</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian judge}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Sophy Thomas<br />
| honorific_prefix = '''Justice'''<br />
| image =<br />
| caption = <br />
| office = [[Kerala High Court|Judge of the Kerala High Court]]<br />
| term_start = 20 October 2021<br />
| term_end = <br />
| appointer = <br />
| nominator = <br />
| predecessor = <br />
| alma_mater = [[Government Law College, Ernakulam]]<br/>[[Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala]]<br />
| birth_name = <br />
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1963|2|13|df=y}}<br />
| birth_place = <br />
| father = Eluvichira Mathew Thomas<br />
| mother = Elikutty Thomas<br />
| spouse = <br />
| children = <br />
| website = {{URL|https://hckerala.gov.in/judges.php|High Court of Kerala}}<br />
| signature = <br />
}}<br />
'''Sophy Thomas''' ({{lang|ml|സോഫി തോമസ്}}; born 13 February 1963) is an Indian judge presently serving on the [[Kerala High Court]], the highest court in the Indian [[States and union territories of India|state]] of [[Kerala]] and the [[union territory]] of [[Lakshadweep]]. The High Court is headquartered at [[Ernakulam district|Ernakulam]], [[Kochi]].<ref name="hc">{{cite web|url=http://highcourtofkerala.nic.in/mra.html|title=Official|accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="IE">{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2021/Oct/14/kerala-high-court-gets-four-new-judges-2371356.html|title=Kerala High Court gets four new judges|via=The New Indian Express|work=newindianexpress.com|date=14 Oct 2021|access-date=16 Dec 2024}}</ref> She was the first women Registrar General in [[Kerala High Court]].<ref name="RG">{{cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/making-history-meet-sophy-thomas-first-woman-registrar-general-kerala-hc-125758|title=Making history: Meet Sophy Thomas, first woman Registrar General in Kerala HC|via=The News Minute|work=thenewsminute.com|date=2 Jun 2020|access-date=16 Dec 2024}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Education and career==<br />
Sophy obtained graduation in law from [[Government Law College, Ernakulam]] and post graduation from [[Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala]]. Started her practice in trial courts at Thodupuzha and joined judicial service as Judicial Magistrate of Second Class, Mavelikkara. Thereafter, served as Judicial First Class Magistrate, Mavelikkara, Vaikom and Vadakara, as Munsiff Perumbavoor and Thrissur, as Sub Judge, Ernakuam and Muvattupuzha, as District and Sessions Judge (Special Additional Sessions Court for the trial of Marad cases), Kozhikode, as Judge of Family Court, Ettumanoor and Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal and District and Sessions Judge at Alappuzha, as District and Sessions Judge, Thrissur and as Registrar General of High Court of Kerala.<ref name="hc"/> She was appointed to serve as an additional judge on the High Court with effect from 20 October 2021 and became permanent from 31.07.2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/four-judicial-officers-appointed-as-hc-judges/article36988704.ece|title=Four judicial officers appointed as HC judges|work=The Hindu|date=13 October 2021}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Judicial career ==<br />
*Judicial First Class Magistrate at [[Mavelikkara]], [[Vaikom]], and [[Vadakara]] <br />
*Munsiff at Perumbavoor and Thrissur <br />
*Sub Judge at Ernakulam and Muvattupuzha <br />
*District and Sessions Judge at [[Kozhikode]] (Special Additional Sessions Court for the trial of Marad cases) <br />
*Judge of the Family Court at Ettumanoor <br />
*Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal and District and Sessions Judge at [[Alappuzha]] <br />
*District and Sessions Judge at [[Thrissur]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://highcourtofkerala.nic.in High Court of Kerala]<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Thomas, Sophy}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:1963 births]]<br />
[[Category:Judges of the Kerala High Court]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian judges]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vikrant_Bhuria&diff=544580Vikrant Bhuria2026-04-23T05:45:51Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: creating the post first draft!</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| office = President <br> All India Adivasi Congress<br />
| term_start = 11 February 2025<br />
| predecessor = [[Shivajirao Moghe]]<br />
| office1 = Member of the [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]<br />
| term_start1 = 2023<br />
| predecessor1 = [[Kantilal Bhuria]]<br />
| constituency1 = [[Jhabua Assembly constituency|Jhabua]]<br />
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Vikrant Bhuria''' (born 1984)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Dr. Vikrant Bhuria(Indian National Congress(INC)):Constituency- JHABUA (ST)(JHABUA) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://www.myneta.info/MadhyaPradesh2023/candidate.php?candidate_id=732 |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref> is an Indian politician from [[Madhya Pradesh]]. He is an MLA from [[Jhabua Assembly constituency]], which is reserved for Scheduled Tribe community, in [[Jhabua district|Jhabua District]]. He won the [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]], representing the Indian National Congress.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-03 |title=Jhabua Election Result 2023 LIVE: Congress' Vikrant Bhuria leads, BJP's Bhanu Bhuriya trails - CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/politics/jhabua-election-result-2023-live-how-to-check-madhya-pradesh-legislative-assembly-poll-winners-news-bjp-congress-bhanu-bhuria-dr-vikrant-bhuria-18463801.htm |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jhabua Lok Sabha Election 2024 Live: Get Jhabua Lok Sabha Election Results and Candidate List |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/madhya-pradesh-assembly-election/jhabua-constituency/ |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Early life and education ==<br />
Bhuria is from [[Jhabua]], Madhya Pradesh. He is the son of Kantilal Bhuria. He is a general surgeon and his wife is also a doctor. He completed his M.S. in 2011 at M.Y.H. Indore and earlier did his M.B.B.S. at [[Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College, Indore]].<ref name=":0" /><br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
Bhuria won from Jhabua Assembly constituency in the 2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election representing the [[Indian National Congress]]. He polled 103,151 votes and defeated his nearest rival, Bhanu Bhuriya of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], by a margin of 15,693 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jhabua assembly election results 2023: Jhabua Winning Candidates List and Vote Share |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/madhya-pradesh/jhabua-assembly-result-12193 |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Live |first=A. B. P. |date=2023-12-03 |title=Jhabua Election Result 2023 Live: Inc Candidate Dr. Vikrant Bhuria Wins From Jhabua |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/jhabua-election-result-2023-live-updates-constituency-vote-counting-winner-loser-bjp-congress-bsp-mp-assembly-election-results-news-1646975 |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en}}</ref> Earlier, he lost the [[2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] to [[Guman Singh Damor]] of the BJP by a margin of 10,437 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jhabua Constituency Election Results 2023: Jhabua Assembly Seat Details, MLA Candidates & Winner |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/madhya-pradesh/constituency-show/jhabua |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhuria, Vikrant}}<br />
[[Category:1984 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Madhya Pradesh MLAs 2023–2028]]<br />
[[Category:People from Jhabua district]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sunil_Kumar_Singh_(Jharkhand_politician)&diff=538345Sunil Kumar Singh (Jharkhand politician)2026-04-21T22:47:59Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: creating some biography and citations!</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian politician}}<br />
{{other people||Sunil Kumar Singh (disambiguation){{!}}Sunil Kumar Singh}}<br />
{{Multiple issues|<br />
{{BLP one source|date=September 2014}}<br />
{{Cleanup press release|date=December 2019}}<br />
}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Sunil Kumar Singh<br />
| image = Sunil kumar singh.jpg<br />
| caption =<br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1962|1|10|df=y}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Patna]], [[Bihar]], India<br />
| death_date = <br />
| death_place = <br />
| office = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]<br />
| term_start = 16 May 2014<br />
| term_end = 4 June 2024<br />
| constituency = [[Chatra (Lok Sabha constituency)|Chatra]]<br />
| term_start2 = <br />
| term_end2 = <br />
| constituency2 = <br />
| occupation = Businessperson<br />
| predecessor = [[Inder Singh Namdhari]]<br />
| successor = [[Kalicharan Singh]]<br />
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br />
| spouse = Mrs. Pratima Singh<br />
| parents = Late Shri K N Singh<br />
| children = 2<br />
| alma_mater = <br />
| website = {{URL|www.sunilkumarsingh.com}}<br />
| footnotes = <br />
}}<br />
'''Sunil Kumar Singh''' (born 10 January 1962; {{IPA|hi|sʊn̪iːl kʊmaːr sɪŋgʱ}}) is an Indian politician and a [[member of parliament]] from [[Chatra (Lok Sabha constituency)|Chatra Parliamentary Constituency]], [[Jharkhand]]. He won the [[2014 Indian general election]] being a [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=Constituencywise-All Candidates |url=http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS274.htm?ac=4 |access-date=17 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521023047/http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS274.htm?ac=4 |archive-date=21 May 2014 }}</ref> He again won from the same [[Chatra Lok Sabha constituency|Chatra]] in the [[2019 Indian general election|2019 Lok Sabha elections.]]<ref name="auto1">{{cite news|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/chatra-election-results-2019-live-updates-winner-loser-leading-trailing-2153585.html|title= Chatra Election Results 2019 Live Updates: Sunil Kumar Singh of BJP Wins|website=news18|date=23 May 2019|access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Early life and family==<br />
Sunil Kumar Singh born on 10 January 1962 in [[Bihar]] to Kedar Nath Singh and Nirmala Devi. He married Mrs. Paratima Singh.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oneindia.com/politicians/sunil-kumar-singh-33468.html|title=Sunil Kumar Singh |access-date=23 November 2019 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
Positions Held<br />
May, 2014 Elected to 16th Lok Sabha [[member of parliament]] from [[Chatra (Lok Sabha constituency)]], [[Jharkhand]] as [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] <br />
Whip BJP, Won the Seat ensuring all candidates against him lost their deposits. <br />
Member, Committee on Government Assurances,<br />
Member, Standing Committee on Coal and Steel,<br />
Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of External Affairs and Overseas Indian Affairs,<br />
Member, Joint Committee on Bill to Amend the Citizenship Act, 1955<br />
Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship<br />
2017-2019 [[President (corporate title)|President]], India-Republic of Korea Parliamentary Friendship Group<br />
May, 2019 Re-elected to 17th Lok Sabha (2nd term) [[member of parliament]] from [[Chatra (Lok Sabha constituency)]], [[Jharkhand]] as [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<br />
Lok Sabha Won the Seat for a second time in a row by ensuring all candidates against him lost their deposits. <br />
Whip, [[Bharatiya Janata Party]],<br />
Member, [[Business Advisory Committee]] in [[Lok Sabha]]<br />
Member, [[Standing Committee on Coal and Steel]]<br />
09 Oct. 2019 onwards Chairperson, [[List of Indian parliamentary committees#Other standing committees|Committee of Privileges]] in [[Lok Sabha]]<br />
<br />
Special Interests<br />
Indian Culture and Traditions; Working through voluntary organisations to make [[Damodar River|Damodar]], [[Subarnrekha]] and other rivers in [[Jharkhand]] pollution free<br />
<br />
Countries Visited<br />
Mauritius and U.S.A.<br />
Visited Mauritius as a Representative of India to participate in the deliberations of the Council for International Cooperation in 1995; Attended International Visitor Leadership Programme (IVLP) in 2007 on the invitation of Government of USA<br />
<br />
Germany, Climate Parliament, 2017; Cyprus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic with Hon`able President of India, 2 Sept. - 9 Sept. 2018<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
{{16th LS members from Jharkhand}}<br />
{{17th LS members from Jharkhand}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Sunil Kumar}}<br />
[[Category:India MPs 2014–2019]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:People from Chatra district]]<br />
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Jharkhand]]<br />
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Jharkhand]]<br />
[[Category:1962 births]]<br />
[[Category:India MPs 2019–2024]]<br />
<br />
{{Jharkhand-BJP-politician-stub}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shobhanaben_Baraiya&diff=535207Shobhanaben Baraiya2026-04-21T12:12:48Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: creating first details initial version!</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Shobhanaben Baraiya<br />
| image =<br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1973|6|9|df=y}}<br />
| birth_place = Majara, [[Gujarat]]<br />
| death_date = <br />
| death_place = <br />
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]<br />
| term_start = 4 June 2024<br />
| constituency = [[Sabarkantha Lok Sabha constituency|Sabarkantha]]<br />
| predecessor = [[Dipsinh Shankarsinh Rathod]]<br />
| successor = <br />
| party = <br />
| spouse = [[Mahendrasinh Baraiya]] (m.28 April 1998)<br />
| parents = Kansinh Makwana, Shardaben<br />
| children = <br />
}}<br />
'''Shobhanaben Mahendrasinh Baraiya''' is an Indian [[politician]] and the elected candidate for [[Lok Sabha]] from [[Sabarkantha Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref name="eci">{{Cite web |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S065.htm |title=Election Commission of India |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=results.eci.gov.in |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref> She is a member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref name="eci"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Quint |first=The |date=2024-06-04 |title=Sabarkantha Election Result 2024 Live Updates: BJP's Shobhanaben Mahendrasinh Baraiya Has Won This Lok Sabha Seat |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/sabarkantha-election-result-2024-live-updates-counting-of-votes-gujarat-lok-sabha-seat-latest-news |access-date=2024-06-05 |website=TheQuint |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-04 |title=2024 Gujarat Lok Sabha Election Results: Full list of winners on all 26 seats of Gujarat |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/2024-gujarat-lok-sabha-election-results-full-list-of-winners-on-all-25-seats-of-gujarat-9365707/ |access-date=2024-06-05 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-04 |title=Sabarkantha Election Result 2024 LIVE Updates Highlights: Lok Sabha Winner, Loser, Leading, Trailing, MP, Margin |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/sabarkantha-election-result-2024-live-updates-highlights-lok-sabha-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mp-margin-8917201.html |access-date=2024-06-05 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Educationists {{!}} An esteemed faculty">{{cite news |last1=India Today |title=Educationists {{!}} An esteemed faculty |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/18th-lok-sabha-the-debutants/story/20240722-educationists-an-esteemed-faculty-2565843-2024-07-13 |access-date=16 July 2024 |date=13 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716102059/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/18th-lok-sabha-the-debutants/story/20240722-educationists-an-esteemed-faculty-2565843-2024-07-13 |archive-date=16 July 2024 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
{{Portal|India|Politics}}<br />
*[[18th Lok Sabha]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
{{Bharatiya Janata Party}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Baraiya, Shobhanaben}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:India MPs 2024–2029]]<br />
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Gujarat]]<br />
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Gujarat]]<br />
[[Category:Candidates in the 2024 Indian general election]]<br />
[[Category:1973 births]]<br />
<br />
{{Gujarat-BJP-politician-stub}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajendra_Bharti&diff=528527Rajendra Bharti2026-04-19T11:50:20Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| alt = <br />
| name = Rajendra Bharti<br />
| image = Datia MLA thrice Rajendra Bharti.jpg<br />
| office = Member of the [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]<br />
| term_start = December 2023<br />
| term_end = <br />
| predecessor = [[Narottam Mishra]]<br />
| term_start2 = 1985<br />
| term_end2 = 1990<br />
| predecessor2 = [[Shyam Sundar Shyam]]<br />
| successor2 = Shambhu Tiwari<br />
| assembly = [[Datia]]<br />
| term_start1 = 1998<br />
| term_end1 = 2003<br />
| successor1 = Ghanshyam Singh<br />
| predecessor1 = Ghanshyam Singh<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1958|05|30|df=yes}}<br />
| alma_mater = [[Jiwaji University]] <br />
([[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]])<br />[[Dr. Hari Singh Gour University]] ([[L.L.B]])<br />
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br />
| profession = [[Advocate]], [[Politician]]<br />
| spouse = Shobha Bharti (m. 1986)<br />
| children = 3<br />
| parents = [[Shyam Sundar Shyam]] <br />
(father)<br />
| birth_place = [[Datia]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[India]]<br />
| constituency = [[Datia Assembly constituency|Datia]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Rajendra Bharti''' is an Indian politician and a leader of the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-04 |title=Datia Assembly Election Result 2023 Highlights: Despite BJP's MP sweep, bigwig Narottam Mishra loses seat to Congress |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/datia-assembly-madhya-pradesh-election-result-2023-live-bjp-narottam-mishra-congress-bharti-rajendra/3323570/ |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref> He has been elected thrice as a Member of the [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] from the [[Datia Assembly constituency|Datia Vidhansabha constituency]], in 1985, 1998 and currently serving as a member of the [[16th Madhya Pradesh Assembly]] from the Datia Vidhansabha.[https://mpvidhansabha.nic.in/11thvs/11-23.pdf]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-08-17 |title=Madhya Pradesh 1985 |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/files/file/3734-madhya-pradesh-1985/ |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=Election Commission of India |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-08-17 |title=Madhya Pradesh 1998 |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/files/file/3737-madhya-pradesh-1998/ |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=Election Commission of India |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Election Commission of India |url=https://affidavit.eci.gov.in/show-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 |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=affidavit.eci.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha |url=https://mpvidhansabha.nic.in/11thvs/11-23.pdf}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Personal life ==<br />
Rajendra Bharti was born in [[Datia]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]. He earned his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws degrees, completing his graduation. Professionally, he is an advocate and politician. His father, [[Shyam Sunder Shyam|Shyam Sundar Shyam]], was a five-term MLA from [[Datia Assembly constituency|Datia]], Madhya Pradesh a freedom fighter, and a renowned socio-political figure in Madhya Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rajendra Bharti(Indian National Congress(INC)):Constituency- DATIA(DATIA) – Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://www.myneta.info/MadhyaPradesh2023/candidate.php?candidate_id=1371 |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=myneta.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Inc Rajendra Bharti Datia Madhya Pradesh Candidate Assembly Election Result 2023 |url=https://www.amarujala.com/election/vidhan-sabha-elections/madhya-pradesh/candidates/rajendra-bharti-inc-2023-datia-22-madhya-pradesh |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Political career ==<br />
Rajendra Bharti a prominent Indian politician, embarked on his political journey as a youth volunteer within the [[Indian National Congress|Congress party]], during the tenure of his father, [[Shyam Sundar Shyam]], who served as a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA). His active involvement led him to make substantial contributions to the [[Seva Dal|Congress Sevadal]], where he ascended to the position of President in the District Congress Committee in [[Datia]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=कांग्रेस ने राजेंद्र भारती को दतिया से चौथी बार दिया टिकट, अब सातवीं बार चुनाव मैदान में |work=Dainik Bhaskar |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/congress-gave-rajendra-bharti-ticket-for-the-fourth-time-from-datia-now-for-the-seventh-time-in-the-election-field-022620-3137074.html/}}</ref> [[File:Rajendra Bharti with The Prime minister Rajiv Gandhi in1985.jpeg|thumb|'''Rajendra Bharti with The Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1985'''|center]]Bharti has participated in Eight elections spanning from 1985 to the present. Notably, he emerged victorious in three of these elections, securing his seat in 1985, 1998, and 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-02 |title=Datia (Madhya Pradesh) Assembly Seat: Congress's Rajendra Bharti to Challenge BJP's Narottam Mishra in High-Stakes Battle |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/elections/datia-madhya-pradesh-assembly-seat-congresss-rajendra-bharti-to-challenge-bjps-narottam-mishra-in-high-stakes-battle-article-104925107 |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=TimesNow |language=en}}</ref> From 1984 to 2000, Rajendra Bharti served as the [[Chairman]] of the Agricultural Rural Development Bank in [[Datia district|Datia]], playing a crucial role in the [[economic development]] of the region. Additionally, he held the esteemed position of [[Vice-Chairman]] of the State Cooperative Agricultural Development Bank of [[Madhya Pradesh]] from 1997 to 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Pushpendra |title=कौन हैं राजेंद्र भारती, जिन्होंने एमपी के गृह मंत्री नरोत्तम मिश्रा को दतिया से दी शिकस्त |url=https://hindi.news24online.com/state/madhya-pradesh/who-is-rajendra-bharti-defeated-narottam-mishra-from-datia/473421/ |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=News24 Hindi |language=hi}}</ref><br />
In 1997, he travelled to [[Paris]], [[England]], [[Austria]], [[the Netherlands]], [[Italy]], and [[Germany]] for research purposes.In 1978, he was elected General Secretary in the direct elections held in Government College Datia. Throughout his political career, Rajendra Bharti faced several challenges. He was arrested multiple times, notably in 1978 at the time of arrest of [[Indira Gandhi]], he went to jail along with his father Late Shri [[Shyam Sundar Shyam]], a freedom fighter and Deputy Speaker of [[Vindhya Pradesh]]<ref>{{Cite news |title=जडेल, ी बाबू इंिडयन नेशनल कांेस िनवाचन े- योपुर (1) |url=https://mpvidhansabha.nic.in/mlaprofilevsxvi100325.pdf}}</ref> and also between 1990 and 1992, and served time in jail for his [[activism]]. From 1991 to 1996, he was the President of the District Congress Committee (DCC).<ref>{{cite web | title=SubscriberWrites: Legacy of Rajendra Bharti | website=[[ThePrint]] | date=4 December 2024 | url=https://theprint.in/yourturn/subscriberwrites-legacy-of-rajendra-bharti/2387398/ }}</ref><br />
<br />
== Controversy ==<br />
He filed a case related to paid news against the former Home Minister of Madhya Pradesh, [[Narottam Mishra]], which resulted in Narottam Mishra being suspended from the legislative body.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MP Election: नरोत्तम मिश्रा के 'पेड न्यूज' केस में सुप्रीम कोर्ट में फाइनल सुनवाई आज, विधायकी पर लटकी है तलवार |url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/madhya-pradesh/news/mp-election-news-final-hearing-in-supreme-court-today-in-narottam-mishra-paid-news-case/articleshow/103005289.cms |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=Navbharat Times |language=hi}}</ref><br />
<br />
On 3 April 2026 ,he was sentenced with 3 years of imprisonment for defrauding bank related to 2015 case by a special court in Delhi<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jaiswal |first=Arushi |date=2026-04-03 |title=Congress suffers setback in MP as Datia MLA Rajendra Bharti loses membership after conviction |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/madhya-pradesh/congress-suffers-setback-in-mp-as-datia-mla-rajendra-bharti-loses-membership-after-conviction-latest-updates-2026-04-03-1036138 |access-date=2026-04-04 |website=India TV News |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bharti, Rajendra}}<br />
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Madhya Pradesh MLAs 2023–2028]]<br />
[[Category:People from Datia]]<br />
[[Category:Politicians from Ujjain]]<br />
[[Category:1958 births]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pale_Assembly_constituency&diff=523895Pale Assembly constituency2026-04-15T23:29:37Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: adding</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Former constituency of the Goa Legislative Assembly, in India}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
|name = Pale<br />
|district = [[North Goa district|North Goa]]<br />
|state = [[Goa]]<br />
|electors = <br />
| loksabha_cons = [[North Goa Lok Sabha constituency|North Goa]]<br />
|established = 1963<br />
|abolished = 2008<br />
|reservation = None<br />
|type= SLA<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Pale Assembly Constituency''' was one of the 40 [[Goa Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of the state of [[Goa]] in Western [[India]]. [[Pale, Goa|Pale]] was also one of the 20 constituencies falling under [[North Goa Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>[https://elections.traceall.in/vidhan-sabha-assembly-election-results/Pale-in-Goa Previous Year's Election Results in Pale, Goa]</ref><ref>[http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/09_Delimitation%20act%2C%202002.pdf THE DELIMITATION ACT, 2002]</ref><br />
<br />
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Election<br />
! Member<br />
! colspan=2|Party<br />
|-<br />
| [[1963 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election|1963]] || [[A. K. S. Usgaonkar]] || {{Full party name with color|Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1967 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || rowspan=2 | [[A. K. S. Usgaonkar]] || {{Full party name with color|Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party|rowspan=2}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1972 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election|1972]] <br />
|- <br />
| [[1977 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election|1977]] || Shenvi Surlikar Laxmikant Santaram || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1980 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election|1980]] || Naik Vishnu Rama || {{Full party name with color|Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1984 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election|1984]] || Verenkar Chandrakant Vishwanath || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1989 Goa Legislative Assembly election|1989]] || Usgonkar Vinay Kumar Pundlik || {{Full party name with color|Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party|rowspan=2}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1994 Goa Legislative Assembly election|1994]] || Malik Sadanand Uttam <br />
|- <br />
| [[1999 Goa Legislative Assembly election|1999]] || rowspan=2 | [[Suresh Amonkar]] || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[2002 Goa Legislative Assembly election|2002]] <br />
|- <br />
| [[2007 Goa Legislative Assembly election|2007]] || [[Gurudas Gauns]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[2007 elections in India#Goa|2007 By-election]] || [[Pratap Prabhakar Gauns]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Election results ==<br />
===Assembly Election 2007===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2007 Goa Legislative Assembly election]] : Pale<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2007 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2007/StatReport_AS_2007_GOA_after_IC.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007042153/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2007/StatReport_AS_2007_GOA_after_IC.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2010 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Gurudas Gauns]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=7,768 |percentage=41.70% |change={{increase}}0.99 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Amonkar Suresh Kuso |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=6,177 |percentage=33.16% |change={{decrease}}16.63 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gawas Shamba |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=4,032 |percentage=21.64% |change={{increase}}13.98 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Christopher Fonseca |party=Communist Party of India |votes=291 |percentage=1.56% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Dessai Bhimrao Dajisaheb |party=Independent politician |votes=201 |percentage=1.08% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Petkar Lavu Gurunath |party=Shiv Sena |votes=129 |percentage=0.69% |change={{decrease}}1.05 }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,591 |percentage=8.54% |change= {{decrease}}0.54 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=18,628 |percentage=78.94% |change= {{increase}}2.42 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 23,559 |ref = |change= {{increase}}5.55 }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Bharatiya Janata Party |swing= {{decrease}}8.09 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
===Assembly Election 2002===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2002 Goa Legislative Assembly election]] : Pale<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2002 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/Stat_rep_se2002_GA.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007072027/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/Stat_rep_se2002_GA.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2010 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Suresh Amonkar]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=8,519 |percentage=49.79% |change={{increase}}5.38 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gawas Gurudas Prabhakar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=6,965 |percentage=40.71% |change={{increase}}10.89 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Amonkar Ghadi Pradeep Pundalik |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=1,311 |percentage=7.66% |change={{decrease}}10.14 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghadi Damodar Krishna |party=Shiv Sena |votes=298 |percentage=1.74% |change={{decrease}}6.22 }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,554 |percentage=9.08% |change= {{decrease}}5.51 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=17,109 |percentage=76.58% |change= {{increase}}5.17 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 22,321 |ref = |change= {{decrease}}0.98 }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Bharatiya Janata Party |loser=Bharatiya Janata Party |swing= {{increase}}5.38 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
===Assembly Election 1999===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1999 Goa Legislative Assembly election]] : Pale<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReportof%20Goa-99.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007115355/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReportof%20Goa-99.pdf|archive-date=7 October 2010 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Suresh Amonkar]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=7,156 |percentage=44.41% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gawas Gurudas Prabhakar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=4,805 |percentage=29.82% |change={{increase}}5.30 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghadi Amonkar Pradip Pundalik |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=2,868 |percentage=17.80% |change={{decrease}}39.51 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gawade Suryakant Purso |party=Shiv Sena |votes=1,283 |percentage=7.96% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,351 |percentage=14.59% |change= {{decrease}}18.19 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=16,112 |percentage=71.48% |change= {{increase}}0.67 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 22,541 |ref = |change= {{increase}}9.60 }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Bharatiya Janata Party |loser=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |swing= {{decrease}}12.89 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
===Assembly Election 1994===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1994 Goa Legislative Assembly election]] : Pale<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1994 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1994/StaticialReportGOA94.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006094522/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1994/StaticialReportGOA94.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Malik Sadanand Uttam |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=8,346 |percentage=57.31% |change={{decrease}}3.03 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Usgaonkar Vinaykuman Pundalik |party=Indian National Congress |votes=3,572 |percentage=24.53% |change={{increase}}3.28 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Dessai Laximanrao Dattaram |party=Independent politician |votes=1,281 |percentage=8.80% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gurudas Pandu Parwar |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=455 |percentage=3.12% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Chinilkar Sumant Prabhakar |party=Independent politician |votes=342 |percentage=2.35% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bandodkar Sundar Sitaram |party=Independent politician |votes=187 |percentage=1.28% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,774 |percentage=32.78% |change= {{decrease}}6.30 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=14,564 |percentage=69.39% |change= {{increase}}1.12 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 20,567 |ref = |change= {{increase}}7.97 }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |loser=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |swing= {{decrease}}3.03 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
===Assembly Election 1989===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1989 Goa Legislative Assembly election]] : Pale<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1994 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report%20Goa%201989.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006124346/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report%20Goa%201989.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Usgonkar Vinay Kumar Pundlik |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=8,009 |percentage=60.33% |change={{increase}}32.65 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Verenkar Chandrakant Vishwanath |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,821 |percentage=21.25% |change={{decrease}}17.76 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Vaz George Sabastiao |party=Communist Party of India |votes=816 |percentage=6.15% |change={{increase}}2.12 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mandrekar Umesh Jagannath |party=Shiv Sena |votes=387 |percentage=2.92% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Kenekar Lavu Jaidav |party=Independent politician |votes=281 |percentage=2.12% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bandodkar Sitaram R. |party=Independent politician |votes=110 |percentage=0.83% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Naik Ramchandra Waman |party=Independent politician |votes=101 |percentage=0.76% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=5,188 |percentage=39.08% |change= {{increase}}27.75 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=13,275 |percentage=67.46% |change= {{decrease}}4.23 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 19,048 |ref = |change= {{decrease}}6.86 }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}21.32 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
===Assembly Election 1984===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1984 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] : Pale<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1998 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-MGH98.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324144917/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-MGH98.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2018 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Verenkar Chandrakant Vishwanath |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,897 |percentage=39.01% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Parab Dasharath Kashinath |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=4,184 |percentage=27.68% |change={{decrease}}13.91 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Shenvi Surlekar Laxmikant Shantaram |party=Independent politician |votes=2,736 |percentage=18.10% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gaonkar Babruvahan Nagesh |party=Communist Party of India |votes=608 |percentage=4.02% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Maulingkar Anant Rama |party=Independent politician |votes=300 |percentage=1.98% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Karpe Shankar Subrai |party=Independent politician |votes=292 |percentage=1.93% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bhagat Vithal Harichandra |party=Independent politician |votes=195 |percentage=1.29% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,713 |percentage=11.33% |change= {{increase}}4.94 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=15,117 |percentage=71.06% |change= {{decrease}}4.07 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 20,451 |ref = |change= {{increase}}13.83 }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |swing= {{decrease}}2.58 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
===Assembly Election 1980===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1980 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] : Pale<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Goa |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/Statistical%20Report%201977%20Goa.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114095835/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/Statistical%20Report%201977%20Goa.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2012 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Naik Vishnu Rama |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=5,827 |percentage=41.59% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Suryarao Sardessai Ramesh Narayan |party=Indian National Congress (U) |votes=4,932 |percentage=35.20% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Shenvi Surlikar Laxmikant Shantaram |party=Independent politician |votes=1,945 |percentage=13.88% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sewant Pandurang Govind |party=Janata Party |votes=382 |percentage=2.73% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Morajkar Putu Jaidev |party=Independent politician |votes=247 |percentage=1.76% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Podnekar Shanu Jivba |party=Independent politician |votes=183 |percentage=1.31% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=895 |percentage=6.39% |change= {{increase}}3.29 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=14,012 |percentage=75.30% |change= {{increase}}9.56 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 17,967 |ref = |change= {{increase}}7.00 }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}2.87 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
===Assembly Election 1977===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] : Pale<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Goa, Daman and Diu |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/Statistical%20Report%201977%20Goa.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114095835/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/Statistical%20Report%201977%20Goa.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2012 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Shenvi Surlikar Laxmikant Santaram |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,108 |percentage=44.46% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sinai Usgaonker Atchut Kashinath |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=4,752 |percentage=41.36% |change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Kaskar Chandu |party=Janata Party |votes=807 |percentage=7.02% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghodge Prabnakar Kashiram |party=Communist Party of India |votes=463 |percentage=4.03% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Pedneker Shanu Jivba |party=Independent politician |votes=145 |percentage=1.26% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=356 |percentage=3.10% |change= {{decrease}}19.16 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=11,489 |percentage=67.15% |change= {{decrease}}7.41 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 16,791 |ref = |change= {{increase}}30.06 }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |swing= {{decrease}}5.44 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
===Assembly Election 1972===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1972 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] : Pale<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Goa, Daman and Diu |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisticalRep_GOA_72.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114075126/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisticalRep_GOA_72.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2012 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[A. K. S. Usgaonkar]] |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=4,885 |percentage=49.90% |change={{decrease}}12.83 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. U. Prabhakar Krishna |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,706 |percentage=27.64% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Krishnanath Baburao Naik |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=1,441 |percentage=14.72% |change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Alphrisi Alphraid Anton |party=Samyukta Socialist Party |votes=511 |percentage=4.45% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,179 |percentage=22.26% |change= {{decrease}}18.78 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=9,790 |percentage=73.92% |change= {{increase}}7.33 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 12,910 |ref = |change= {{decrease}}2.17 }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |loser=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |swing= {{decrease}}12.83 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
===Assembly Election 1967===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] : Pale<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Goa, Daman and Diu |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statisticall%20Report%20Goa%201967.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117085800/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statisticall%20Report%20Goa%201967.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[A. K. S. Usgaonkar]] |party=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |votes=5,671 |percentage=62.73% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. U. P. Krishna |party=Independent politician |votes=1,961 |percentage=21.69% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=M. Ciriaco |party=United Goans Party (Sequeira Group) |votes=736 |percentage=8.14% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=D. S. Govindrad |party=Praja Socialist Party |votes=209 |percentage=2.31% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=G. Vaz |party=Independent politician |votes=89 |percentage=0.98% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,710 |percentage=41.04% |change= }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=9,040 |percentage=66.02% |change= }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 13,196 |ref = |change= }}<br />
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party |loser= |swing= }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Sanquelim Assembly constituency]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Goa}}<br />
{{coords|15.37|73.89|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Goa]]<br />
[[Category:North Goa district]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Goa]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1963]]<br />
[[Category:1963 establishments in Goa, Daman and Diu]]<br />
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2008]]<br />
[[Category:2008 disestablishments in India]]<br />
[[Category:Long stubs with short prose]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Goa-geo-stub}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mohanlalganj_Assembly_constituency&diff=518222Mohanlalganj Assembly constituency2026-04-14T03:49:08Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: new new entry</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
| name = Mohanlalganj<br />
| map_image = 176-Mohanlalganj.svg<br />
| mla = [[Amresh Kumar]]<br />
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br />
| latest_election_year = 2022<br />
| state = [[Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
| district = [[Lucknow district|Lucknow]]<br />
| reservation = SC<br />
| type = SLA<br />
| electors = 3,63,044<br />
| constituency_no = 176<br />
}}<br />
'''Mohanlalganj''' is a constituency of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] covering the city of Mohanlalganj in the [[Lucknow district]] of Uttar Pradesh, India.<br />
<br />
Mohanlalganj is one of five assembly constituencies in the [[Mohanlalganj Lok Sabha constituency]]. Since 2008, this assembly constituency is numbered 176 amongst 403 constituencies.<br />
<br />
==Members of Legislative Assembly==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Year<br />
!Member<ref name="election2018">{{Cite web |title=Mohanlalganj Election and Results 2018, Candidate list, Winner, Runner-up, Current MLA and Previous MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/mohanlalganj.html |access-date= |website=Elections in India}}</ref><br />
! colspan="2" |Party<br />
|-<br />
|[[1952 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1952]]<br />
|Mahabir Prasad<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |<br />
|[[Indian National Congress]]<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[1957 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1957]]<br />
|Khayali Ram<br />
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}" |<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Praja Socialist Party]]<br />
|-<br />
|Ram Saran Yadav<br />
|-<br />
|[[1962 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1962]]<br />
|Ram Shanker Ravidasi<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |<br />
|[[Indian National Congress]]<br />
|-<br />
|1964^<br />
|Khayali Ram<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}" |<br />
|[[Praja Socialist Party]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[1967 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1967]]<br />
| rowspan="3" |Narain Das<br />
| rowspan="3" style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |<br />
| rowspan="3" |[[Indian National Congress]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[1969 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1969]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[1974 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1974]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[1977 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br />
| rowspan="2" |Sant Bux Rawat<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Party}}" |<br />
|[[Janata Party]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[1980 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Party (Secular)}}" |<br />
|[[Janata Party (Secular)]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[1985 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1985]]<br />
|Tara Chand Sonkar<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |<br />
|[[Indian National Congress]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[1989 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1989]]<br />
| rowspan="3" |Sant Bux Rawat<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Dal}}" |<br />
|[[Janata Dal]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[1991 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1991]]<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Party}}" |<br />
|[[Janata Party]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[1993 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1993]]<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Samajwadi Party}}" |<br />
|[[Samajwadi Party]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[1996 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1996]]<br />
| rowspan="3" |[[R. K. Chaudhary]]<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |<br />
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[2002 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2002]]<br />
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Rashtriya Swabhiman Party}}" |<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Rashtriya Swabhiman Party]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[2007 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2007]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2012]]<br />
|Chandra Rawat<br />
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Samajwadi Party}}" |<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Samajwadi Party]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2017]]<br />
|[[Ambrish Singh Pushkar]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2022]]<br />
|[[Amresh Kumar]]<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |<br />
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Election results==<br />
<br />
=== 2022 ===<br />
{{Election box begin | title=[[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Mohanlalganj<ref name="AAP 150 list"/>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link<br />
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br />
|candidate = [[Amresh Kumar]]<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:107089}}<br />
|percentage = 43.58<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Samajwadi Party<br />
|candidate = Sushila Saroj<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:90541}}<br />
|percentage = 36.84<br />
|change = {{increase}}4.68<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br />
|candidate = Devendra Kumar<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:31623}}<br />
|percentage = 12.87<br />
|change = {{decrease}}19.05<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Aam Aadmi Party<br />
|candidate = Suraj Kumar<ref name="AAP 150 list">{{cite news |last1=Bhandari |first1=Shashwat |title=AAP announces 150 candidates for UP elections 2022 {{!}} Check complete list |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/elections/news/aap-releases-150-candidates-for-uttar-pradesh-polls-2022-check-full-list-2022-01-16-754742 |access-date=27 January 2022 |work=indiatvnews.com |date=16 January 2022 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|votes = {{formatnum:7058}}<br />
|percentage = 2.87<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Indian National Congress<br />
|candidate = Mamta Choudhary<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:2990}}<br />
|percentage = 1.22<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = None of the above<br />
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:2313}}<br />
|percentage = 0.94<br />
|change = {{decrease}}0.64<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box majority<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:16548}}<br />
|percentage = 6.74<br />
|change = {{increase}}6.5<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box turnout<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:245742}}<br />
|percentage = 67.69<br />
|change = {{increase}}2.45<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link<br />
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party<br />
|loser = Samajwadi Party<br />
|swing = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
=== 2017 ===<br />
[[Samajwadi Party]] candidate '''Ambrish Singh Pushkar (Advocate)''' won in last Assembly election of [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Elections]] defeating [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] candidate '''Rambahadur Rawat retired I.A.S. officer of U.P. cadre''' by a margin of 530 votes.<ref name="election2017">{{Cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/mohanlalganj.html|title=Assembly result 2017|website=Elections.in|access-date=2017-08-25}}</ref>* Ambrish Singh Pushkar (SP) : 71,574 votes<ref name="election2017-1">{{Cite web|url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/mohanlalganj-uttar-pradesh-assembly-constituency#2017|title = Mohanlalganj Assembly constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly constituency}}</ref>* Ram Bahadur (BSP) : 71,044<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election]]: Mohanlalgan<ref name="election2017"/>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link<br />
|party = Samajwadi Party<br />
|candidate = Ambrish Singh Pushkar<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:71574}}<br />
|percentage = 32.16<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party<br />
|candidate = Ram Bahadur<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:71044}}<br />
|percentage = 31.92<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Independent<br />
|candidate = R.K. Chaudhary<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:55684}}<br />
|percentage = 25.02<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Independent<br />
|candidate = Ajay Pushpa Rawat<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:9464}}<br />
|percentage = 4.25<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Independent<br />
|candidate = Shrawan Kumar<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:3406}}<br />
|percentage = 1.53<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = None of the above<br />
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:3471}}<br />
|percentage = 1.58<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box majority<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:530}}<br />
|percentage = 0.24<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box turnout<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:222570}}<br />
|percentage = 65.24<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
===1964 bypoll===<br />
* Khyali Ram (PSP) : 10,759 votes<br />
* Prabhoo Dayal (Jana Sangh) : 9,442<br />
<br />
<br />
===1962===<br />
* Ram Shanker Ravivasi (INC) : 8,913 votes<ref name="election1962">{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/1962-election-results.html|title = Uttar Pradesh Assembly Election Results in 1962}}</ref><br />
* Khyali Ram (PSP) : 8,888 votes<br />
<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{cite web |title=Results of Uttar Pradesh Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/92-uttar-pradesh/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}<br />
<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh}}<br />
{{coord|26.69|80.98|region:IN-UP|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Lucknow district]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1956]]<br />
[[Category:1956 establishments in Uttar Pradesh]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bilara_Assembly_constituency&diff=491671Bilara Assembly constituency2026-04-14T03:20:14Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: made the data and citations.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Rajasthan legislative assembly in India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
| name = Bilara<br />
| map_image = Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan-131-Bilara.svg<br />
| mla = [[Arjun Lal Garg]] <br />
| party = [[Bharatiya Janta Party]]<br />
| established = 1951<br />
| state = [[Rajasthan]]<br />
| district = [[Jodhpur district]]<br />
| type = SLA<br />
| reservation = SC<br />
| constituency_no = 131<br />
}} <br />
'''Bilara Assembly constituency''' is one of [[List of constituencies of Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha|constituencies]] of [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]] in the [[Pali Lok Sabha constituency]].<br />
<br />
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable"<br />
!Year<br />
!Name<br />
!colspan=2|Party<br />
|-<br />
| 1.|| [[1952 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1952]]|| Santosh Singh|| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}<br />
|-<br />
| 2.|| [[1957 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1957]]|| Bhairon Singh|| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<ref name="election1957">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Rajasthan_1957.pdf 1957 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 3. ||[[1962 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1962]]||Chander Singh|| {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}<ref name="election1962">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Rajasthan_1962.pdf 1962 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 4.|| [[1967 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1967]](SC) || Kaluram Arya|| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=5}}<ref name="election1967">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Rajasthan%201967.pdf 1967 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 5. ||[[1972 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1972]](SC) || Kaluram Arya<ref name="election1972">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_RJ_72.pdf 1972 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 6. ||[[1977 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1977]]|| Ramnarain Dudi<ref name="election1977">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/Statistical%20Report%201977%20Rajasthan.pdf 1977 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 6.|| [[1980 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1980]]|| Ramnarain Dudi<ref name="election1980">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Rajasthan.pdf 1980 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 7.|| [[1985 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1985]]|| Rajendra Choudhary<ref name="election1985">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%201985%20Rajasthan.pdf 1985 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 8.|| [[1990 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1990]]||Mishrilal Choudhary || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}<ref name="election1990">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_RJ_90.pdf 1990 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 9.|| [[1993 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1993]]|| Rajendra Choudhary || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<ref name="election1993">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1993/StatRep_RJ_93.pdf 1993 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 10.|| [[1998 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|1998]]|| Rajendra Choudhary<ref name="election1998">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-RAJ98.pdf 1998 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 11. ||[[2003 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2003]]|| Ramnarain Dudi || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}<ref name="election2003">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_NOV_2003/StatisticalReports_RAJ_Nov2003.pdf 2003 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 12.|| [[2008 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2008]]|| [[Arjun Lal Garg|Arjun Lal]]<ref name="election2008">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2008/Stats_report_RJ2008.pdf 2008 Rajasthan Assembly results]</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 13.|| [[2013 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2013]]|| [[Arjun Lal Garg|Arjun Lal]]<ref name="election2013">[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/RajAE_2013_stat_report.pdf STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 2013 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF RAJASTHAN]</ref><br />
|-<br />
|14||[[2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2018]]||Heera Ram ||{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<ref name="election2020">{{cite web |url=https://ceorajasthan.nic.in/Vidhansabha%202018/indexw.html |title=General Election of State Assembly Elections- 2018 |date= |website=ceorajasthan.nic.in}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|[[2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2023]]<br />
|[[Arjun Lal Garg]]<br />
|<br />
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Election results==<br />
=== 2023 ===<br />
{{Election box begin | title= [[2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election]]: Bilara<ref name=election2018>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9645-statistical-data-of-rajasthan-la-2018/ |title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan LA 2018 |website=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 12 February 2021}}</ref><ref name="election2023">{{Cite web |title=Rajasthan General Legislative Election 2023|url=https://www.eci.gov.in/rajasthan-legislative-election-2023-including-statistical-report |website=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link<br />
|candidate = [[Arjun Lal Garg]]<br />
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:90766}}<br />
|percentage = 46.25<br />
|change = +10.57<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Indian National Congress<br />
|candidate = Mohanlal Katariya<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:80342}}<br />
|percentage = 40.94<br />
|change = +0.06<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Rashtriya Loktantrik Party<br />
|candidate = Jagdish Kadela<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:20478}}<br />
|percentage = 10.43<br />
|change = -9.99<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = None of the above<br />
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:1844}}<br />
|percentage = 0.94<br />
|change = -0.35<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box majority<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:10424}}<br />
|percentage = 5.31<br />
|change = +0.11<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box turnout<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:196248}}<br />
|percentage = 67.58<br />
|change = -2.14<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link<br />
|winner = Indian National Congress<br />
|loser = <br />
|swing = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
=== 2018 ===<br />
{{Election box begin | title= [[2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election]]: Bilara<ref name=election2018 name="election2018-1">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9645-statistical-data-of-rajasthan-la-2018/ |title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan LA 2018 |website=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 12 February 2021}}</ref><ref name="election2018"/>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link<br />
|candidate = Heera Ram<br />
|party = Indian National Congress<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:75671}}<br />
|percentage = 40.88<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br />
|candidate = Arjun Lal<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:66053}}<br />
|percentage = 35.68<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Rashtriya Loktantrik Party<br />
|candidate = Vijendra Jhala<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:37796}}<br />
|percentage = 20.42<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Abhinav Rajasthan Party<br />
|candidate = Mangilal<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:1952}}<br />
|percentage = 1.05<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = None of the above<br />
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:2387}}<br />
|percentage = 1.29<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box majority<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:9618}}<br />
|percentage = 5.2<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box turnout<br />
|votes = {{formatnum:185124}}<br />
|percentage = 69.72<br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link<br />
|winner = Indian National Congress<br />
|loser = <br />
|swing = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)]]<br />
<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan}}<br />
<br />
{{coord|26.17|73.70|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Jodhpur district]]<br />
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Rajasthan]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]<br />
[[Category:1951 establishments in Rajasthan]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagendra_Singh_Rathore&diff=519896Nagendra Singh Rathore2026-04-11T10:07:53Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: new new biography</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Nagendra Singh Rathore<br />
| office = [[Legislative assembly|Member]] of [[17th Uttar Pradesh Assembly]]<br />
| term_start = 25 March 2017<br />
| term_end = 24 March 2022<br />
| predecessor = Arshad Jamal Siddiqui<br />
| successor = self<br />
| office1 = [[Legislative assembly|Member]] of [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|18th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]<br />
| term_start1 = March 2022<br />
| term_end1 =<br />
| predecessor1 = Arshad Jamal Siddiqui<br />
| successor1 = <br />
| constituency1 = [[Bhojpur, Uttar Pradesh Assembly constituency|Bhojpur]]<br />
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1957|08|31|df=y}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Farrukhabad district|Farrukhabad]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India<br />
| father = Rajendra Singh<br />
| spouse = Karuna Rathore<br />
| children = Three sons<br />
| education = <br />
| alma_mater = <br />
| profession = [[Politician]]<br>[[Agriculturist]] <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Nagendra Singh Rathore''' is an Indian politician who is currently serving as a member of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|18th Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]. He has represented [[Bhojpur, Uttar Pradesh Assembly constituency|Bhojpur]] seat as an MLA since March 2017. He is affiliated with the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abplive.com/elections/bhojpur-election-2022-results-live-updates-constituency-vote-counting-winner-loser-tally-who-will-win-uttar-pradesh-assembly-election-2022-latest-news-2078264|title=Bhojpur Election Result 2022LIVE: BJP के NAGENDRA SINGH RATHOUR की हुई जीत, BSP के रहें दूसरे नंबर पर|date=10 March 2022|website=www.abplive.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMar2022/ConstituencywiseS24195.htm?ac=195|title=GEN ELECTION TO VIDHAN SABHA TRENDS & RESULT MARCH-2022|publisher=eci.gov.in}}</ref><br />
<br />
Rathore formerly served as first term MLA from [[Bhojpur, Uttar Pradesh Assembly constituency|Bhojpur]] in 2017 to 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/elections/uttar-pradesh-assembly-election/bhojpur-455117642|title=UTTAR PRADESH ELECTION 2022: BHOJPUR ASSEMBLY SEAT|publisher=hindustimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/bhojpur-election-result-2022-live-updates-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-4851860.html|title=Bhojpur Election Result 2022 LIVE Updates: Nagendra Singh Rathour of BJP Wins|date=10 March 2022|website=News18}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Early life==<br />
Rathore was born to Rajendra Singh Rathore in year 1957.<ref name="Biodata">{{cite web|url=https://up.punjabkesari.in/election2022/profile/nagendra-singh-rathore/69|title=Biodata of Nagendra Singh Rathore|publisher=up.punjabkesari. in}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Personal life==<br />
Rathore was married to Karuna Rathore in year 1977 and Rathore has three sons.<ref name="Biodata"/><br />
<br />
==Political career==<br />
In the following [[2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]], Nagendra Singh Rathore of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] won the seat by defeating Arshad Jamal Siddiqui of the [[Samajwadi Party]] with a margin of 27458 votes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/bhojpur-uttar-pradesh-assembly-election-results-2022-live-updates-1923224-2022-03-09|title=Bhojpur, Uttar Pradesh Assembly Election Results 2022 LIVE Updates: BJP's Nagendra Singh Rathour defeats SP's Arshad Jamal Siddiqui with 25503 votes|date=10 March 2022|website=India Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/bhojpur-uttar-pradesh-assembly-election-results-2022-live-winner-runner-up-candidates-7810926/|title=Bhojpur (Uttar Pradesh) Assembly Election Results 2022 Live: Winner, Runner-up|date=9 March 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rathore Singh, Nagendra}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:1957 births]]<br />
[[Category:People from Farrukhabad district]]<br />
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2017–2022]]<br />
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2022–2027]]<br />
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shourya_Saini&diff=535256Shourya Saini2026-04-02T13:44:47Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian sports shooter (born 2003)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox sportsperson<br />
| name = Shourya Saini<br />
| birth_date = {{Birth year and age|2003}}<br />
| country = {{IND}}<br />
| medaltemplates = <br />
{{MedalSport|Men's [[shooting sports|shooting]]}}<br />
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}<br />
{{MedalCompetition|[[Deaflympics]]}}<br />
{{MedalBronze|[[2021 Summer Deaflympics|Caxias do Sul 2021]]|[[Shooting at the 2021 Summer Deaflympics|10m air rifle]]}}<br />
{{MedalComp|[[ISSF Junior World Championships|World Junior Championships]]}}<br />
{{MedalGold|[[2024 ISSF Junior World Championships|2024 Lima]]|{{nowrap|50m rifle 3 position team}}}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Shourya Saini''' (born 2003) is an Indian deaf sports shooter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shourya SAINI |url=https://www.deaflympics.com/athletes/shourya-saini|access-date=2022-05-08 |website=Deaflympics}}</ref> He made his Deaflympic debut at the age of 19 representing [[India at the 2021 Summer Deaflympics]] (held in May 2022).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sportstar |first=Team |title=Sixty-five Indian athletes to participate in Deaflympics |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/other-sports/indian-deaflympics-contingent-brazil-send-off-ceremony/article38480143.ece |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=Sportstar |date=26 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Judge |first=Shahid |title=Explainer: India at Deaflympics – here's what you need to know about the quadrennial event |url=https://scroll.in/field/1023014/explainer-india-at-deaflympics-heres-what-you-need-to-know-about-the-quadrennial-event |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=Scroll.in |date=May 2022 |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
He competed at the [[2021 Summer Deaflympics]] and clinched a [[bronze medal]] in the men's 10m air rifle shooting event.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Results - Shooting 10m Air Rifle (Men) |url=https://www.deaflympics.com/games/2022-s/results/3420 |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=Deaflympics}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |agency=PTI|date=5 May 2022 |title=Dhanush Srikanth wins gold, Shourya Saini bags bronze at Deaflympics {{!}} More sports News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/shooting/dhanush-srikanth-wins-gold-shourya-saini-bags-bronze-at-deaflympics/articleshow/91335499.cms |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> Interestingly, the event was won by fellow Indian [[Dhanush Srikanth]].<ref>{{Cite web |date= 4 May 2022|title=Srikanth earns shooting gold with world record score at Deaflympics |url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1122753/srikanth-shooting-gold-deaflympics |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=www.insidethegames.biz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=PTI |title=Dhanush Srikanth wins gold, Shourya Saini bags bronze in Deaflympics |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/other-sports/dhanush-srikanth-wins-gold-shourya-saini-bags-bronze-in-deaflympics/article38484915.ece |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=Sportstar |date=5 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
* [[India at the Deaflympics]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://www.deaflympics.com/athletes/shourya-saini Shourya Saini] at [[Deaflympics]]<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Saini, Shourya}}<br />
[[Category:2003 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male sport shooters]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]<br />
[[Category:Deaf sport shooters]]<br />
[[Category:Indian deaf people]]<br />
[[Category:Deaflympic shooters for India]]<br />
[[Category:Deaflympic bronze medalists for India]]<br />
[[Category:Medalists at the 2021 Summer Deaflympics]]<br />
[[Category:Shooters at the 2021 Summer Deaflympics]]<br />
{{India-sportshooting-bio-stub}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Villali_Veeran&diff=544612Villali Veeran2026-04-01T06:15:43Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Villali Veeran<br />
| image = File:Villali Veeran Poster.jpg<br />
| caption = Official poster<br />
| director = [[Sudheesh Sankar]]<br />
| producer = [[R. B. Choudary]]<br />
| writer = Dinesh Pallath<br />
| starring = [[Dileep (actor)|Dileep]]<br/>[[Namitha Pramod]]<br>[[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]]<br/>[[Suresh Krishna (actor)|Suresh Krishna]]<br/>[[Kalabhavan Shajon]]<br />
| music = [[S. A. Rajkumar]]<br />
| cinematography = [[Anil Nair]]<br />
| editing = [[V. Jai Sankar]]<br />
| studio = [[Super Good Films]]<br />
| distributor = Remya Release<br />
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2014|09|06|India}}<br />
| runtime = 173 minutes<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Malayalam<br />
| budget = <!--Must be attributed to a reliable published source with an established reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb.--><br />
| gross = <!--Must be attributed to a reliable published source with an established reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb.--><br />
}}<br />
'''''Villali Veeran''''' is a 2014 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[action comedy]] film produced by [[Super Good Films]] under the banner of Remya Release and directed by [[Sudheesh Sankar]].<ref>{{cite web |title=For the sake of family |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/for-the-sake-of-family/article6193257.ecehttps://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/for-the-sake-of-family/article6193257.ece |website=[[The Hindu]] |date=2014-07-10 |last1=George |first1=Vijay}}</ref> The film stars [[Dileep (actor)|Dileep]] in the lead role along with [[Namitha Pramod]],[[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Suresh Krishna (actor)|Suresh Krishna]], [[Kalabhavan Shajon]] and [[Dharmajan Bolgatty]] in supporting roles. It was initially titled ''Bhuddhettan''.<ref name=Bhuddhettan>{{cite web | url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/dileeps-bhuddhettan-now-villali-veeran-602705 | title=Dileep's "Bhuddhettan" is Now "Villali Veeran" | website=[[International Business Times]] | date=20 June 2014 }}</ref><br />
<br />
Upon release, the film received mixed reviews from critics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/dileeps-villali-veeran-review-round-opens-poor-reviews-608559|title=Dileep's "Villali Veeran" Review Round up: Opens to Poor Reviews|website=[[International Business Times]]|date=8 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nowrunning.com/movie/15722/malayalam/villaliveeran/4810/review.htm|title=Villaliveeran Review {{pipe}} Villaliveeran Malayalam Movie Review by Veeyen|date=10 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-reviews/villali-veeran/movie-review/42007906.cms | title=Villali Veeran Movie Review {2.5/5}: Critic Review of Villali Veeran by Times of India | website=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<br />
Siddharthan is an ordinary man whose love and care towards his sisters are profound. He spends lavishly and does anything for their satisfaction but is stingy when it comes to his own needs. This changes when Narmada comes into his life.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
{{cast listing|<br />
*[[Dileep (actor)|Dileep]] as Siddharthan (Siddhu)<br />
*[[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]] as Chandrasekaran, Siddharthan's father<br />
*[[Sai Kumar (Malayalam actor)|Sai Kumar]] as Kadamberi Viswhanathan<br />
*[[Kalabhavan Shajohn]] as Sugunan<br />
*[[Namitha Pramod]] as Narmada, Siddharthan's love interest<br />
*[[Mythili]] as Aishwarya Giridhar, Siddharthan's ex-girlfriend and Giridhar's wife<br />
*[[Dharmajan Bolgatty]] as Jyothisharathnam Poomeni Illath Brahmashri Biju [[Namboothiri|Namboothiri]]<br />
*[[Babu Antony]] as [[Deputy inspector general of police|Commissioner]] George Chacko [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]<br />
*[[Suresh Krishna (actor)|Suresh Krishna]] as Gauthaman Vishwanathan, Vishwanathan's elder son<br />
*[[Riyaz Khan]] as Giridhar Viswanathan, Vishwanathan's second son<br />
*[[Nedumudi Venu]] as Damodarji<br />
*[[Lalu Alex]] as Narendra Menon, Narmada's father<br />
*Kannan Nair as Srabhikkal Joji<br />
*[[Rafi Mecartin|Rafi]] as Aiswarya's uncle<br />
*Nisha Sarang as Pavithran's wife<br />
*[[Seetha (actress)|Seetha]] as Lakshmi, Siddharthan's mother<br />
*[[Vinaya Prasad]] as Narmada's mother <br />
*[[K. B. Ganesh Kumar]] as Pavithran<br />
*[[Ambika Mohan]] <br />
*[[Sajitha Betti]]<br />
*[[Valsala Menon]]<br />
*[[Manasa Radhakrishnan]] (child artist) as Sandra<br />
*Kritika Pradeep<br />
*[[Rajesh Hebbar]] as Mahadevan<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Soundtrack==<br />
* "Cinderella Chandame" performed by [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], [[Rimi Tomy]]<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/music/first-song-of-villali-veeran-is-out/articleshow/41188613.cms | title=First song of Villali Veeran is out - Times of India | website=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref><br />
* "Ni Kannilminnum Swapanam" performed by [[Ranjith (singer)|Ranjith]], [[Jyotsna Radhakrishnan]]<br />
* "Ente Manasin Chippyil " performed by [[Vijay Yesudas]], [[Swetha Mohan]]<br />
* "Villaliveeran Oru Sooryan "performed by [[Vijay Yesudas]],[[S. A. Rajkumar]]<br />
<br />
== Controversy ==<br />
The movie was initially titled 'budhettan' this created a controversy specific Buddhist groups were urging for the banning of the film claiming that it depicted Buddha and Buddhist symbols negatively.<ref name=Bhuddhettan/><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb title|4108632}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2014 films]]<br />
[[Category:2014 Malayalam-language films]]<br />
[[Category:Super Good Films films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian action comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Kottayam]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abdul_Khaleque_Ahmed&diff=484208Abdul Khaleque Ahmed2026-03-29T05:10:23Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: New A Entry</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Pakistani politician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}<br />
{{Use Pakistani English|date=July 2024}}<br />
'''Abdul Khaleque Ahmed''' was a Member of the [[List of members of the 3rd National Assembly of Pakistan|3rd National Assembly of Pakistan]] as a representative of [[East Pakistan]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Assembly |first1=Pakistan National |title=Debates: Official Report |year=1965 |publisher=Manager of Publications. |page=124 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n-tPAQAAMAAJ&q=Abdul+Khaleque+Ahmed |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
Ahmed was a Member of the [[List of members of the 3rd National Assembly of Pakistan|3rd National Assembly of Pakistan]] (1962-1964) representing Mymensingh-cum-Sylhet.<ref>{{cite web |title=LIST OF MEMBERS OF THE 3RD NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF PAKISTAN FROM 1962-1964 |url=http://www.na.gov.pk/uploads/former-members/3rd%20National%20Assembly.pdf |website=na.gov.pk |access-date=6 April 2021}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ahmed, Abdul Khaleque}}<br />
[[Category:Pakistani MNAs 1962–1965]]<br />
[[Category:Possibly living people]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br />
[[Category:Assam MLAs 1946–1952]]<br />
[[Category:East Bengal MLAs 1947–1954]]<br />
[[Category:People from Sunamganj District]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=K._S._R._College_of_Arts_and_Science&diff=474473K. S. R. College of Arts and Science2026-03-27T23:20:48Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: fix details for clarity and improved wording</p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[List of educational institutions in Namakkal district#Arts and science colleges]]<br />
<br />
{{Rcat shell|<br />
{{R to related topic}}<br />
}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_songs_recorded_by_Armaan_Malik&diff=474021List of songs recorded by Armaan Malik2026-03-26T19:17:57Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: brief refined intro for clarity additionally and updated info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Armaan Malik songs}}<br />
{{More citations needed|date=May 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2020}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}<br />
<br />
{{Infobox artist discography<br />
| Artist = Armaan Malik<br />
| Image = Armaan Malik 2016.jpg<br />
| Caption = Malik in 2016<br />
| Alt = Photograph of smiling person<br />
| Studio = 1<br />
| EP = 1<br />
| Singles = 18<br />
}}<br />
<br />
[[Armaan Malik]] is an Indian singer and songwriter. He made his debut in [[Bollywood]] by singing the song "Bum Bum Bhole" from [[Taare Zameen Par|''Taare'' ''Zameen Par'']] in 2007. He has sung in [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Kannada language|Kannada]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[English language|English]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Urdu language|Urdu]]<br />
and [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]. This is a list of songs recorded by him.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Armaan-Malik|title=Armaan Malik: Latest News, Videos and Armaan Malik Photos |website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://starofmysore.com/yuva-dasara-young-singer-armaan-malik-drowns-crowd-in-soulful-melodies-amidst-rain/|title= Yuva Dasara: Young Singer Armaan Malik Drowns Crowd In Soulful Melodies Amidst Rain|date= 15 October 2018|work= Star of Mysore}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="infobox" style="width: 30em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; vertical-align: middle;"<br />
|+ <span style="font-size: 9pt">Number of songs recorded by [[Armaan Malik]]</span><br />
|-<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Hindi film songs<br />
| {{center|135}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Hindi non-film songs<br />
| {{center|51}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Telugu film songs<br />
| {{center|62}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Kannada film songs<br />
| {{center|55}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Tamil film songs<br />
| {{center|20}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Bengali film songs<br />
| {{center|17}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Malayalam film songs<br />
| {{center|1}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Marathi film songs<br />
| {{center|6}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Gujarati film songs<br />
| {{center|3}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Urdu film songs<br />
| {{center|4}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Konkani film songs<br />
| {{center|2}}<br />
|- style="background:#ddf;text-align:center;"<br />
| style="text-align:center;" |<br />
; Odia film songs<br />
| {{center|2}}<br />
|-<br />
|'''Total'''<br />
| colspan="2" width=50 {{won|358}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hindi film songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col" | Year<br />
! scope="col" | Film<br />
!No<br />
! scope="col" | Song<br />
! scope="col" | Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col" | Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col" | Co-artist(s)<br />
! scope="col" | Note<br />
! scope="col" | Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2007<br />
!''[[Taare Zameen Par]]''<br />
| 1<br />
|"Bum Bum Bhole"<br />
| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]<br />
| [[Prasoon Joshi]]<br />
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Aamir Khan]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Chain Kulii Ki Main Kulii]]''<br />
| 2<br />
|"Sunday"<br />
| [[Salim–Sulaiman]]<br />
| [[Irfan Siddiqui]]<br />
| Shravan Iyer, Kaustav<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2008<br />
!''[[Bhoothnath]]''<br />
| 3<br />
|"Mere Buddy"<br />
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]<br />
| [[Javed Akhtar]]<br />
| [[Amitabh Bachchan]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2009<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Zor Lagaa Ke... Haiya!]]''<br />
| 4<br />
|"Koi Aaye Koi Jaye"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Bapi–Tutul]]<br />
| rowspan="2" | Amitabh Verma<br />
| Tanmay Chaudhari, Nilesh Singh<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 5<br />
|"Satrangi Sapno Ki"<br />
| Tanmay Chaudhari<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" | 2010<br />
!''[[Rakta Charitra 2]]''<br />
| 6<br />
|"Khel Shuroo"<br />
| Dharam–Sandeep<br />
| Roop<br />
| Shree Kumar<br />
| Bilingual film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="3" |''[[Ramaa: The Saviour]]''<br />
| 7<br />
|"Baam Cheek Cheek"<br />
| rowspan="3" | Siddharth–Suhas<br />
| rowspan="3" | [[Kumaar]]<br />
| [[Amit Kumar]], Kaustabh, Arpana<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 8<br />
|"Sunlena Sunlena"<br />
| Rachel Singh, Koustuv Ghosh<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
|"Tumhara Bhashan"<br /><small>(Remix)</small><br />
| Rachel Singh, Koustuv Ghosh, [[Shweta Pandit]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" | 2011<br />
! rowspan="3" |''[[Kaccha Limboo]]''<br />
| 10<br />
|"Jab Yeh Sitare"<br />
| Sudeep Chakravarti, Amardeep Nijjer<br />
| Sudeep Chakravarti, Prakash Dharmak<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 11<br />
|"Like This"<br />
| Ishq Bector<br />
| Ishq Bector, Kumaar<br />
| Ishq Bector, Shyam Gopal Balakrishna, Kush Ganatra<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 12<br />
|"Achha Saccha Kaccha"<br />
| Amardeep Nijjer<br />
| Prakash Dharmak<br />
| Shyam Gopal Balakrishna, Kush Ganatra<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="4" |''[[Chillar Party]]''<br />
| 13<br />
|"Aa Rela Hai Apun"<br />
| rowspan="4" | [[Amit Trivedi]]<br />
| rowspan="4" | [[Nitesh Tiwari]] <br />
| Amit Trivedi, Tanmay Chaudhari, [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]], Arvind Vishwakarma<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 14<br />
|"Chatte Batte"<br />
| [[Mohit Chauhan]], Gaurika Rai, Keshav Rai<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 15<br />
|"Ziddi Piddi"<br />
| Amit Trivedi, Tanmay Chaudhari, Gaurika Rai<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 16<br />
|"Behla Do"<br />
| Firoza<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" | 2014<br />
! rowspan="3" |''[[Jai Ho (film)|Jai Ho]]''<br />
| 17<br />
|"Tumko To Aana Hi Tha"<br />
| rowspan="3" | [[Amaal Malik]]<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]<br />
| Marianne D'cruz, [[Altamash Faridi]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 18<br />
|"Jai Jai Jai Jai Ho"<br />
| [[Sajid–Wajid|Wajid]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 19<br />
|"Love You Till The End"<br />
| [[Armaan Malik]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[W (2014 film)|W]]''<br />
| 20<br />
|"Wild Wild"<br />
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | [[Daboo Malik]]<br />
|Daboo Malik, [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 21<br />
|"Tu Hawa"<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Khoobsurat (2014 film)|Khoobsurat]]''<br />
| 22<br />
|"Naina"<br />
| Amaal Malik<br />
| Kumaar<br />
| [[Sona Mohapatra]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ungli]]''<br />
| 23<br />
|"Auliya"<br />
| [[Salim–Sulaiman]]<br />
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="5" |2015<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Hero (2015 Hindi film)|Hero]]''<br />
| 24<br />
|"Main Hoon Hero Tera"<br><small>(Armaan Malik Version)</small><br />
| rowspan="7" |Amaal Mallik<br />
| rowspan="3" |Kumaar<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 25<br />
|"Main Hoon Hero Tera"<br /><small>(Sad Version)</small><br />
|<br />
| Released separately<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Calendar Girls (2015 film)|Calendar Girls]]''<br />
| 26<br />
|"Khwaishein"<br><small>(Film Version)</small><br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Hate Story 3]]''<br />
| 27<br />
|"Tumhe Apna Banane Ka"<br />
| [[Rashmi Virag]], Nadeem-Shravan<br />
| [[Neeti Mohan]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 28<br />
|"Wajah Tum Ho"<br />
| Baman<br />
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="19" | 2016<br />
!''[[Sanam Re]]''<br />
| 29<br />
|"Hua Hain Aaj Pehli"<br />
| Manoj Yadav<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Kapoor & Sons]]''<br />
| 30<br />
|"Buddhu Sa Mann"<br />
| Abhiruchi Chand<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ghayal: Once Again]]''<br />
| 31<br />
|"Lapak Jhapak"<br />
| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]<br />
| [[Siddharth Mahadevan]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ki and Ka]]''<br />
| 32<br />
|"Foolishq"<br />
| [[Ilaiyaraaja]]<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Baaghi (2016 film)|Baaghi]]''<br />
| 33<br />
|"Sab Tera"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Amaal Malik]]<br />
| Sanjeev Chaturvedi<br />
| [[Shraddha Kapoor]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Azhar (film)|Azhar]]''<br />
| 34<br />
|"Bol Do Na Zara"<br />
| Rashmi Virag <br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 35<br />
|"Oye Oye"<br />
| DJ Chetas<br />
| [[Anand Bakshi]]<br />
| [[Aditi Singh Sharma]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Do Lafzon Ki Kahani (film)|Do Lafzon Ki Kahani]]''<br />
| 36<br />
|"Kuch Toh Hain"<br />
| [[Amaal Malik]]<br />
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Junooniyat]]''<br />
| 37<br />
|"Mujhko Barsaat Bana Lo"<br />
| [[Jeet Gannguli]]<br />
| [[Rashmi Virag]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Baar Baar Dekho]]''<br />
| 38<br />
|"Sau Aasmaan"<br />
| rowspan="5" | [[Amaal Malik]]<br />
| [[Kumaar]]<br />
| [[Neeti Mohan]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="4" |''[[M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story]]''<br />
| 39<br />
|"Besabriyaan"<br />
| rowspan="4" | [[Manoj Muntashir]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 40<br />
|"Jab Tak"<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 41<br />
|"Jab Tak"<br><small>(Redux)</small><br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 42<br />
|"Kaun Tujhe"<br><small>(Armaan Malik Version)</small><br />
|<br />
| Released separately<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Saansein]]''<br />
| 43<br />
|"Tum Jo Mile"<br />
| [[Vivek Kar]]<br />
| [[Kumaar]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Force 2]]''<br />
| 44<br />
|"Koi Ishara"<br />
| [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
| [[Rashmi Virag]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Wajah Tum Ho]]''<br />
| 45<br />
|"Dil Mein Chhupa Lunga"<br />
| [[Meet Bros]]<br />
| [[Kumaar]]<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Tulsi Kumar]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 46<br />
|"Dil Ke Paas"<br><small>(Unplugged)</small><br />
| [[Abhijit Vaghani]]<br />
| [[Rajinder Krishan]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ek Kahani Julie Ki]]''<br />
| 47<br />
|"O Re Piya"<br />
| DJ Sheizwood<br />
| Taufique Pallavi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="13" | 2017<br />
! rowspan="3" |''[[Commando 2]]''<br />
| 48<br />
|"Hare Krishna Hare Ram"<br />
| Gourov–Roshin<br />
| [[Sameer]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 49<br />
|"Tere Dil Mein"<br />
| rowspan="2" | Mannan Shaah<br />
| rowspan="2" | Aatish Kapadia <br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 50<br />
|"Tere Dil Mein"<br><small>(Club Mix)</small><br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Noor (2017 film)|Noor]]''<br />
| 51<br />
|"Uff Yeh Noor"<br />
| [[Amaal Malik]]<br />
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Sweetiee Weds NRI]]''<br />
| 52<br />
|"O Saathiya"<br />
| [[Arko Pravo Mukherjee|Arko]]<br />
| [[Prakriti Kakar]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 53<br />
|"Shiddat"<br />
| [[Raaj Aashoo]]<br />
| [[Shakeel Azmi]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Mubarakan]]''<br />
| 54<br />
|"The Goggle Song"<br />
| [[Amaal Malik]]<br />
| [[Kumaar]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Babumoshai Bandookbaaz]]''<br />
| 55<br />
|"Barfani"<br><small>(Male)</small><br />
| [[Gaurav Dagaonkar]]<br />
| Galib Asad Bhopali<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Chef (2017 film)|Chef]]''<br />
| 56<br />
|"Tere Mere"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Amaal Malik]]<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Rashmi Virag]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 57<br />
|"Tere Mere"<br><small>(Reprise)</small><br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Golmaal Again]]''<br />
| 58<br />
|"Hum Nahi Sudhrenge"<br />
| [[Kumaar]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Tumhari Sulu]]''<br />
| 59<br />
|"Farrata"<br />
| [[Amartya Bobo Rahut]]<br />
| Siddhant Kaushal<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Tera Intezaar]]''<br />
| 60<br />
|"Khali Khali Dil"<br />
| [[Raaj Aashoo]]<br />
| [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]<br />
| [[Payal Dev]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="8" | 2018<br />
!''[[Nirdosh]]''<br />
| 61<br />
|"Barf Si"<br />
| Harry Anand<br />
| Amit Khan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Dil Juunglee]]''<br />
| 62<br />
|"Beat Juunglee"<br />
| [[Tanishk Bagchi]]<br />
| Tanishk Bagchi, Vayu<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Hate Story 4]]''<br />
| 63<br />
|''Badnamiyaan''<br />
| Baman–Chand<br />
| [[Rashmi Virag]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[October (2018 film)|October]]''<br />
| 64<br />
|"Theher Ja"<br />
| Abhishek Arora<br />
| Abhiruchi Chand<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Ekta''<br />
| 65<br />
|"Aaj Se Pehle"<br />
| [[Daboo Malik]]<br />
| Devendra Kafir<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[2.0 (film)|2.0]]''<br />
| 66<br />
|"Mechanical Sundariye"<br />
| [[A.R. Rahman]]<br />
| [[Abbas Tyrewala]]<br />
| [[Shashaa Tirupati]]<br />
| Dubbed film<br />
|-<br />
!''[[102 Not Out]]''<br />
| 67<br />
|"Kuch Anokhe Rules"<br />
| [[Salim-Sulaiman]]<br />
| [[Saumya Joshi]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Mausam Ikrar Ke Do Pal Pyar Ke]]''<br />
| 68<br />
|"Tere Bina"<br />
| [[Bappi Lahiri]]<br />
| Dr. Deepak Sneh<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="19" | 2019<br />
!''[[Why Cheat India]]''<br />
| 69<br />
|"Dil Mein Ho Tum"<br />
| [[Rochak Kohli]]<br />
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Amavas]]''<br />
| 70<br />
|"Zikr"<br />
| [[Asad Khan (sitarist)|Asad Khan]]<br />
| [[Junaid Wasi]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 71<br />
|"Jab Se Mera Dil"<br />
| [[Sanjeev-Darshan]]<br />
| [[Sandeep Nath]]<br />
| [[Palak Muchhal]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Kabir Singh]]''<br />
| 72<br />
|"Pehla Pyaar"<br />
| [[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal Mishra]]<br />
| [[Irshad Kamil]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{cite news |title='Kabir Singh': The new song 'Pehla Pyaar' struck the right chords of first love - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/kabir-singh-the-new-song-pehla-pyaar-struck-the-right-chords-of-first-love/articleshow/69938625.cms |access-date=16 June 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=25 June 2019 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
!''[[Article 15 (film)|Article 15]]''<br />
| 73<br />
|"Intezaari"<br />
| [[Anurag Saikia]]<br />
| [[Shakeel Azmi]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Pranaam]]''<br />
| 74<br />
|"Sirf Tu"<br />
| [[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal Mishra]]<br />
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Badla (2019 film)|Badla]]''<br />
| 75<br />
|"Kyun Rabba"<br />
| rowspan="3" | [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Kumaar]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{cite news |title='Badla' first song: 'Kyun Rabba' is a soulful song that will stir your heart - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/badla-first-song-kyun-rabba-is-a-soulful-song-that-will-stir-your-heart/articleshow/68076011.cms |access-date=16 June 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=20 February 2019 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 76<br />
|"Kyun Rabba"<br><small>(Reprise)</small><br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[De De Pyaar De]]''<br />
| 77<br />
|"Chaale Aana"<br />
| [[Kunaal Verma]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{cite news |title='De De Pyaar De' song 'Chale Aana': The heart touching song featuring Ajay Devgn and Rakul Preet Singh picturizes the pain of separation - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/de-de-pyaar-de-song-chale-aana-the-heart-touching-song-featuring-ajay-devgn-and-rakul-preet-singh-picturizes-the-pain-of-separation/articleshow/69141966.cms |access-date=16 June 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=2 May 2019 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
!''[[Pailwaan]]''<br />
| 78<br />
|"Saiyyare"<br />
| [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
| Astha Jagiasi, Sujeet Shetty<br />
|<br />
| Dubbed film<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Yeh Saali Aashiqui]]''<br />
| 79<br />
|"Hawaa Banke"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Hitesh Modak]]<br />
| rowspan="2" | Tanveer Gazi<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 80<br />
|"Bewaqoofi"<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Pati Patni Aur Woh (2019 film)|Pati Patni Aur Woh]]''<br />
| 81<br />
|"Hum Toh Udd Gaye"<br />
| Ritviz<br />
|<br />
| [[Aditi Singh Sharma]]<br />
| Released throw the film<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/ritviz-slams-t-series-plagiarizing-his-track-udd-gaye-pati-patni-aur-woh-514352|title=Ritviz slams T-Series for plagiarizing his track "Udd Gaye" in Pati Patni aur Woh|website=[[Pinkvilla]]|date=11 March 2020|access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/ritviz-accuses-pati-patni-aur-woh-composers-of-plagiarising-his-song-udd-gaye-shares-evidence-rohan-joshi-mallika-dua-react/story-QjZBRdwiYqkJImsbLjHMTK.html|title=Ritviz accuses Pati Patni Aur Woh composers of plagiarising his song Udd Gaye, shares evidence; Rohan Joshi, Mallika Dua react|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=12 March 2020|access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="4" |[[Aladdin (2019 film)|''Aladdin'']]<br />
|82<br />
|"One Jump A Head"<br />
| rowspan="4" |[[Alan Menken]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|Dubbed<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|83<br />
|"One Jump A"(Reprise)<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|84<br />
|"A Whole New World"<br />
|<br />
|[[Monali Thakur]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|85<br />
|"One Jump A"(Reprise ll)<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |[[The Lion King (2019 film)|''The Lion King'']]<br />
|86<br />
|"Hakuna Matata"<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Hans Zimmer]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|87<br />
|"Pyar Ki Yeh Sham Hai"<br />
|<br />
|[[Sunidhi Chauhan]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2020<br />
!''[[Darbar (film)|Darbar]]''<br />
|88<br />
|"Dil Toh Cute Hain"<br />
| Anirudh Ravichander<br />
| Raqueeb Alam<br />
|<br />
| Dubbed film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Gunjan Saxena: The Kargil Girl]]''<br />
|89<br />
|"Mann Ki Dori"<br><small>(Male)</small><br />
| [[Amit Trivedi]]<br />
| [[Kausar Munir]]<br />
|<br />
| [[Netflix]] film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Khuda Haafiz]]''<br />
|90<br />
|"Mera Intezaar"<br />
| colspan="2" | [[Mithoon]]<br />
|<br />
| [[Disney Plus Hotstar]] film<br />
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Working on exciting international collaboration, reveals singer Armaan Malik |url=https://zeenews.india.com/people/exclusive-working-on-an-exciting-international-collaboration-reveals-popular-singer-armaan-malik-2302992.html |publisher=Zee News |access-date=16 June 2022 |language=en |date=15 August 2020}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="9" | 2021<br />
!''[[Saina (film)|Saina]]''<br />
|91<br />
|"Main Hoon Na Tere"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
| [[Kunaal Vermaa]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Koi Jaane Na]]''<br />
|92<br />
|"Koi Jaane Na"<br />
| [[Kumaar]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[99 Songs]]''<br />
|93<br />
|"Humnawaa"<br />
| [[A. R. Rahman]]<br />
| Dilshaad Shabbir Shaikh<br />
| [[Shashaa Tirupati]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Bell Bottom (2021 film)|Bell Bottom]]''<br />
|94<br />
|"Tum Aaogey"<br />
| [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
| [[Rashmi Virag]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Thalaivii]]''<br />
|95<br />
|"Teri Aankhon Mein"<br />
| [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]<br />
| [[Irshad Kamil]]<br />
| [[Prajakta Shukre]]<br />
| Bilingual film <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Bhoot Police]]''<br />
|96<br />
|"Mujhe Pyaar Pyaar Hai"<br />
| [[Sachin–Jigar]]<br />
| [[Priya Saraiya]]<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
| [[Disney Plus Hotstar]] film <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Tez Raftaar''<br />
|97<br />
|"Maa"<br />
| Rajib–Mona<br />
| Ravi Basnet<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Velle (film)|Velle]]''<br />
|98<br />
|"Shukar Manava"<br />
| Yug Bhusal<br />
| [[Siddharth-Garima]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|99<br />
|"Yaaron Ka Bulaava"<br />
| [[Rochak Kohli]]<br />
| [[Vayu Shrivastav]]<br />
| [[Asees Kaur]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="15" | 2022<br />
! rowspan="3" |''[[Radhe Shyam]]''<br />
|100<br />
|"Jaan Hai Meri"<br />
| rowspan="4" | [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
| rowspan="4" | [[Rashmi Virag]]<br />
|<br />
| rowspan="3" | Bilingual film <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|101<br />
|"Labon Pe Naam"<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|102<br />
|"Jaan Hai Meri"<br><small>(Lofi)</small><br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Hurdang]]''<br />
|103<br />
|"Kya Yehi Pyaar Hai"<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa 2]]''<br />
|104<br />
|"De Taali"<br />
| [[Pritam]]<br />
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]], Yo Yo Honey Singh <br />
| [[Yo Yo Honey Singh]], Shashwat Singh<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Bhool Bhulaiyaa 2 song De Taali: Yo Yo Honey Singh, Armaan Malik's dance number is a disappointment |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/bhool-bhulaiyaa-2-song-de-taali-yo-yo-honey-singh-armaan-malik-kiara-advani-kartik-aaryan-7917308/ |access-date=16 June 2022 |work=The Indian Express |date=15 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
!''[[Major (film)|Major]]''<br />
|105<br />
|"Oh Isha"<br />
| [[Sricharan Pakala]]<br />
| Poojan Kohli<br />
| [[Chinmayi Sripaada]]<br />
| Dubbed film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ardh]]''<br />
|106<br />
|"Ishq Ka Manjha"<br />
| [[Palash Muchhal]]<br />
| colspan="2" | [[Palak Muchhal]]<br />
| [[Zee5]] film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Dobaaraa]]''<br />
|107<br />
|"Waqt Ke Jungle"<br />
| [[Gaurav Chatterji]]<br />
| [[Hussain Haidry]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Saroj Ka Rishta]]''<br />
|108<br />
|"Ajnabee Ban Gaye"<br />
| [[Rahul Jain (singer)|Rahul Jain]]<br />
| [[Kunaal Vermaa]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Vikram Vedha (2022 film)|Vikram Vedha]]''<br />
|109<br />
|"Yaara"<br />
| [[Sam C. S.]]<br />
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Banaras (2022 film)|Banaras]]''<br />
|110<br />
|"Maaya Gange"<br />
| [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]]<br />
| Arafat Mohammed<br />
|<br />
| Dubbed film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!rowspan=2|''[[Mister Mummy]]''<br />
|111<br />
|"Chupke Chupke"<br />
|rowspan=2|[[Rochak Kohli]]<br />
|rowspan=2|[[Kumaar]]<br />
|rowspan=2|[[Shilpa Rao]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|112<br />
|"Chupke Chupke (Film Version)"<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Nazar Andaaz]]''<br />
|113<br />
|"Sukoon"<br />
| [[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal Mishra]]<br />
| [[Raj Shekhar]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ved (film)|Ved]]''<br />
|114<br />
|"My One and Only"<br />
| [[Ajay–Atul]]<br />
| [[Kshitij Patwardhan]]<br />
|<br />
| Dubbed film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="8" | 2023<br />
!''[[Shaakuntalam]]''<br />
|115<br />
|"Madhur Kal Tu"<br />
| [[Mani Sharma]]<br />
| Prashant Ingole<br />
| [[Shweta Mohan]]<br />
| Dubbed film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Gumraah (2023 film)|Gumraah]]''<br />
|116<br />
|"Ghar Nahi Jaana"<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Tanishk Bagchi]]<br />
| [[Rashmi Virag]]<br />
| Zahrah S Khan, [[Salma Agha]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Chatrapathi (2023 film)|Chatrapathi]]''<br />
|117<br />
|"Gamey Gamey"<br />
| [[Mayur Puri]]<br />
| [[Zahrah S. Khan|Zahrah S Khan]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
![[I Love You (2023 film)|''I Love You'']]<br />
|118<br />
|"Hai Tu"<br />
| [[Gaurav Chatterji]]<br />
| Ginny Diwan<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Dono (film)|Dono]]''<br />
|119<br />
|"Dono"(Solo)<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Irshad Kamil]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|120<br />
|"Dono"(Duet)<br />
|Shrinidhi Ghatate<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''Pyaar Hai To Hai''<br />
|121<br />
|"Pyaar Hai To Hai"<br />
| rowspan="2" |Anique<br />
|Dheeraj Kumar<br />
|[[Palak Muchhal]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|122<br />
|"Pyaar Hai To Hai"(Reprise)<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="6" |2024<br />
!''[[Main Atal Hoon]]''<br />
|123<br />
|"Ankaha"<br />
|[[Salim–Sulaiman]]<br />
|[[Manoj Muntashir]]<br />
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[The Goat Life]]''<br />
|124<br />
|"Khatti Si Woh Imli"<br />
|[[A. R. Rahman]]<br />
|[[Prasoon Joshi]]<br />
|[[Chinmayi Sripaada]], [[Rakshita Suresh]]<br />
|Dubbed film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Do Aur Do Pyaar]]''<br />
|125<br />
|"Jazbaati Hai Dil'<br />
|[[Lost Stories (DJs)]]<br />
|[[Kunaal Vermaa]]<br />
|[[Ananya Birla]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Patna Shukla]]''<br />
|126<br />
|"Jeetega Tera"<br />
|Samuel - Akanksha<br />
|Manoj Kumar Nath<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Pad Gaye Pange''<br />
|127<br />
|"Kya Hua"<br />
|Dhawal Tandon<br />
|Akrita Shrivastava<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Love, Sitara]]''<br />
|128<br />
|"Tera Jashn Manana Hai"<br />
|[[Sangeet-Siddharth]]<br />
|Rashmin Dighe<br />
|Sangeet-Siddharth<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="6" |2025<br />
!Suswagatam Khushaamadeed <br />
|129<br />
|"Ban Piya"<br />
|Amol–Abhishek <br />
|Abhishek Talented <br />
|[[Dhvani Bhanushali]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Mirai''<br />
|130<br />
|"Vibe Hai Baby"<br />
|Gowra Hari <br />
|Riturraj Tripathii<br />
|<br />
|Dubbed film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!rowspan=2|''[[Love in Vietnam]]''<br />
|131<br />
|"Bade Din Huye"<br />
|rowspan=2|Amaal Mallik <br />
|rowspan=2|Raahmi Virag <br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|132<br />
|"Jeena Nahi"<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[De De Pyaar De 2]]''<br />
|133<br />
|"Aakhri Salaam"<br />
|colspan=2|[[Sagar Bhatia]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! ''[[Gustaakh Ishq]]''<br />
|134 <br />
|"Chal Musafir"<br />
|[[Vishal Bhardwaj]]<br />
|[[Gulzar]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2026<br />
! ''[[Bhooth Bangla]]''<br />
|135<br />
|"Ram Ji Aake Bhala Karenge"<br />
|[[Pritam]]<br />
|[[Kumaar]], Mellow D<br />
|Aarvan, Mellow D<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Replaced songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Film<br />
!#<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Replaced By<br />
! scope="col"| Note<br />
! scope="col"| Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| 2015<br />
| Single<br />
| 1<br />
! scope="row"| "Chal Wahan Jaate Hain"<br />
| [[Amaal Malik]]<br />
| [[Rashmi Virag]]<br />
| [[Arijit Singh]]<br />
| <br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/amaal-malik-on-his-worst-fight-with-armaan/cid/1686630|title=Amaal Malik on his worst fight with Armaan|website=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]]|date=11 March 2019|access-date=17 September 2022}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2017<br />
|''[[Half Girlfriend (film)|Half Girlfriend]]''<br />
| 2<br />
! scope="row"| "[[Baarish (song)|Baarish]]"<br />
| [[Tanishk Bagchi]]<br />
| Arafat Mehmood, Tanishk Bagchi<br />
| [[Ash King]]<br />
| <br />
|<ref name="bo">{{cite web|last=Updateify|date=17 November 2020|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=giqTdZ6Pfk0|title=More Unreleased Songs Links Of Armaan Malik|accessdate=5 February 2023|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2019<br />
|''[[Why Cheat India]]''<br />
| 3<br />
! scope="row"| "Phir Mulaaqat"<br />
| Kunaal–Rangon<br />
| [[Kunaal Verma]]<br />
| rowspan="2"| [[Jubin Nautiyal]]<br />
| <br />
|<ref>{{cite web|last=TeamArmaalians|date=8 August 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NaspfGSHIYw|title=Phir Mulaqat - Armaan Malik Version - Unreleased Song|accessdate=5 February 2023|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''[[Marjaavaan]]''<br />
| 4<br />
! scope="row"| "Kinna Sona"<br />
| [[Meet Bros]]<br />
| rowspan="2"| [[Kumaar]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Pati Patni Aur Woh (2019 film)|Pati Patni Aur Woh]]''<br />
| 5<br />
! scope="row"| "Tu Hi Yaar Mera"<br />
| [[Rochak Kohli]]<br />
| Arijit Singh<br />
|Used in the film<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2022<br />
|''[[Sarkaru Vaari Paata]]''<br />
| 6<br />
! scope="row"| "Murari Vaa"<br />
| [[Thaman S]]<br />
| [[Ananta Sriram|Ananth Sriram]]<br />
| [[Sri Krishna (singer)|Sri Krishna]]<br />
| Telugu film<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/armaan-malik-expresses-shock-over-makers-replacing-his-voice-in-murari-vaa-song-from-mahesh-babus-sarkaru-vaari-paata/e93b850786207|title=Armaan Malik expresses shock over makers replacing his voice in Murari Vaa song from Mahesh Babu's Sarkaru Vaari Paata|website=OTTplay|date=2 June 2022|access-date=23 October 2022}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2023<br />
|''[[Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar]]''<br />
| 7<br />
! scope="row"| "Jaadui"<br />
| [[Pritam]]<br />
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]<br />
| Jubin Nautiyal<br />
| <br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=I did sing a song for dada. I was told it was for Ranbir’s movie.|url=https://twitter.com/ArmaanMalik22/status/1619588704447909888|language=en}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Unreleased songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Film<br />
!#<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Note<br />
! scope="col"| Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2019<br />
|''[[Batla House]]''<br />
| 1<br />
|Unknown<br />
| [[Rochak Kohli]]<br />
|<br />
| <br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Oh for the batla house?👀|url=https://twitter.com/armaanmalik22/status/1152093857871532033|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[Pati Patni Aur Woh (2019 film)|Pati Patni Aur Woh]]<br />
|2<br />
|Udd Gaye<br />
|Rochak Kohli<br />
|Kumaar<br />
|Removed, after copyright claimed by [[Ritviz]]<br />
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Hum Toh Udd Gaye {{!}} Armaan Malik {{!}} Pati Patni Aur Woh Full Song {{!}} Ritviz |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kKNwg3-CLTo |access-date=2023-10-15 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2021<br />
|''[[Dybbuk (film)|Dybbuk]]''<br />
| 3<br />
! scope=row| "Akhiyaan Ladaiya" <br />
| Gourav Dasgupta<br />
| Rakesh Kumar Pal<br />
| [[Amazon Prime Video]] film<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=any idea if T Series is gonna release our songs from Dybukk??|url=https://mobile.twitter.com/gourovdasgupta/status/1455594208350257163|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Release DYBBUK Songs|url=https://twitter.com/GopeshJha14/status/1455629582250299393|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2023<br />
|[[Dear Ishq]]<br />
|4<br />
!Ishq Tu Mera<br />
|[[JAM8]]<br />
|Shloke Lal<br />
|Added in show<br />
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Ishq Tu Mera - Duet Version Full Song {{!}} Dear Ishq |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0AWd2WxHGZE |access-date=2023-10-15 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Hindi non-film songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
!#<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Album<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Co-artist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Note<br />
|-<br />
| 1<br />
! scope="row"| "Tu Zaroori"<br />
| 2014<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[Shaarib Sabri|Sharib]]–[[Toshi Sabri|Toshi]]<br />
| [[Shakeel Azmi]]<br />
| <br />
| Cover version<br />
|-<br />
| 2<br />
! scope="row"| "Tu Hi Tu"<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2015<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]<br />
| [[Mayur Puri]]<br />
| <br />
| Cover version<br />
|-<br />
| 3<br />
! scope="row"| "[[Jeena Jeena]]"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[Sachin–Jigar]]<br />
| [[Dinesh Vijan]], [[Priya Saraiya]]<br />
|<br />
| Cover version<br />
|-<br />
| 4<br />
! scope="row"| "[[Main Rahoon Ya Na Rahoon]]"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
| [[Rashmi Virag]]<br />
|<br />
| featuring [[Emraan Hashmi]], [[Esha Gupta]]<br />
|-<br />
| 5<br />
! scope="row"| "Chand Chupa"<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2016<br />
| Suron Ke Rang<br />
| [[Ismail Darbar]]<br />
| [[Mehboob]]<br />
| <br />
| Recreated by Amaal Mallik<br />
|-<br />
| 6<br />
! scope="row"| "Pyaar Manga Hai"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| rowspan="2"| [[Abhijit Vaghani]]<br />
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]<br />
| [[Neeti Mohan]]<br />
| featuring [[Zareen Khan]], [[Ali Fazal]]<br />
|-<br />
| 7<br />
! scope="row"| "Dil Ke Paas"<br><small>(Unplugged)</small><br />
| rowspan="2"|''T-Series Acoustics''<br />
| [[Rajendra Krishan]]<br />
| [[Tulsi Kumar]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 8<br />
! scope="row"| "Kaun Tujhe & Kuch Toh Hai Mashup"<br />
| rowspan="7"| 2017<br />
| Amaal Mallik<br />
| Manoj Muntashir<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
! scope="row"| "Tose Naina-Tum Jo Aaye"<br />
| rowspan="2"|''T-Series Mixtape''<br />
| rowspan="2"| Abhijit Vaghani<br />
|<br />
| Tulsi Kumar<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 10<br />
! scope="row"| "Main Agar Kahoon-Bol Do Na Zara"<br />
| [[Javed Akhtar]], Rashmi Virag<br />
| [[Jonita Gandhi]] <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 11<br />
! scope="row| "Kehta Hai Pal Pal"<br><small>(Remix)</small><br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| Gourov–Roshin, [[Anand Raaj Anand]]<br />
| [[Kumar]], Anand Raj Anand<br />
| [[Sukriti Kakar]]<br />
| featuring [[Sachiin J. Joshi]], [[Alankrita Sahai]]<br />
|-<br />
| 12<br />
! scope="row"| "Paas Aao"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| Amaal Mallik<br />
| rowspan="2"| Rashmi Virag<br />
| [[Prakriti Kakar]]<br />
| featuring [[Sushant Singh Rajput]], [[Kriti Sanon]]<br />
|-<br />
| 13<br />
! scope="row"| "Kho Na Doon"<br />
|''[[Jaana Na Dil Se Door]]''<br />
| Paresh Shah<br />
| [[Palak Muchhal]]<br />
| Theme song<br />
|-<br />
| 14<br />
! scope="row"| "Tere Bin Nahi Lagda"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| Prem–Hardeep <br />
| [[Khawaja Pervaiz]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 15<br />
! scope="row"| "Bol Do Na Zara Unplugged"<br />
| rowspan="6"| 2018<br />
| rowspan="5"|''[[MTV Unplugged (Indian TV program)|MTV Unplugged]]''<br><small>(Season 7)</small><br />
| rowspan="7"| Amaal Malik<br />
| Rashmi Virag<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 16<br />
! scope="row"| "Main Hoon Hero Unplugged"<br />
| Kumaar<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 17<br />
! scope="row"| "Main Rahoon Ya Na Rahoon Unplugged"<br />
| Rashmi Virag<br />
| Amaal Mallik<br />
|-<br />
| 18<br />
! scope="row"| "Sab Tera Unplugged"<br />
| Sanjeev Chaturvedi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 19<br />
! scope="row"| "Tere Mere Unplugged"<br />
| Rashmi Virag<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 20<br />
! scope="row"| "Ghar Se Nikalte Hi"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[Kunaal Vermaa]]<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 21<br />
! scope="row"| "Tum Hi Ho-Rehnuma"<br />
| rowspan="8"| 2019<br />
| rowspan="2"|''T-Series Mixtape''<br><small>(Season 2)</small><br />
| rowspan="2"| Abhijit Vaghani<br />
|<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|-<br />
| 22<br />
! scope="row"| "Darkhaast-Aankhon Mein Teri"<br />
|<br />
| Sukriti Kakar<br />
|-<br />
| 23<br />
! scope="row"| "Naya Jahan"<br />
| rowspan="2"|''[[Aladdin (2019 film)|Aladdin]]''<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Alan Menken]]<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Irshad Kamil]]<br />
| [[Monali Thakur]]<br />
| rowspan="2"| Hindi version<br />
|-<br />
| 24<br />
! scope="row"| "One Jump Ahead"<br />
|-<br />
| 25<br />
! scope="row"| "Humein Tumse Pyaar Kitna"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[R.D. Burman]]<br />
| [[Majrooh Sultanpuri]]<br />
|<br />
| Cover version<br />
|-<br />
| 26<br />
! scope="row"| "Shaamein"<br />
| ''[[Broken But Beautiful]]''<br><small>(Season 2)</small><br />
| Amaal Mallik<br />
| Manoj Muntashir<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 27<br />
! scope="row"| "Hakuna Matata"<br />
| rowspan="2"|''[[The Lion King (2019 film)|The Lion King]]''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| Sneha Shankar<br />
| rowspan="2"| Hindi version, featuring [[Shreyas Talpade]]<br />
|-<br />
| 28<br />
! scope="row"| "Pyaar Ki Ye Shaam Hai"<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]<br />
|-<br />
| 29<br />
! scope="row"| "Jaane Na Dunga Kahin"<br />
| rowspan="9"| 2020<br />
| rowspan="2"|''[[Never Kiss Your Best Friend (Season 1)|Never Kiss Your Best Friend]]''<br><small>(Season 1)</small><br />
| colspan="2" rowspan="2"| [[Yash Narvekar]]<br />
|<br />
| rowspan="2"| TV series<br />
|-<br />
| 30<br />
! scope="row"| "Kyun Judaa"<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 31<br />
! scope="row"| "Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Title Track"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| Amaal Mallik<br />
| Kunaal Vermaa<br />
| <br />
| Hindi version<br />
|-<br />
| 32<br />
! scope="row"| "Couple Goals"<br />
|''[[Bandish Bandits]]''<br />
| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]<br />
| Tanishk Nabar<br />
| Jonita Gandhi<br />
| Web series<br />
|-<br />
| 33<br />
! scope="row"| "Humein Tumse Pyaar"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| R.D Burman <br />
| Majrooh Sultanpuri<br />
|<br />
| Cover version<br />
|-<br />
| 34<br />
! scope="row"| "Gerua"<br />
| rowspan="3"|''Jammin' 3''<br />
| [[Pritam]]<br />
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]<br />
| rowspan="3"| Jonita Gandhi<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 35<br />
! scope="row"| "Kabhi To Nazar Milao"<br />
| [[Adnan Sami]]<br />
| [[Riaz ur Rehman Saghar]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 36<br />
! scope="row"| "Bin Tere"<br />
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]<br />
| Kumaar<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 37<br />
! scope="row"| "Veham"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[Manan Bhardwaj]]<br />
| Rashmi Virag<br />
|<br />
| featuring Asim Riaz and [[Sakshi Malik (actress)|Sakshi Malik]]<br />
|-<br />
| 38<br />
! scope="row"| "Kya Kiya Hain Tune"<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2021<br />
|''[[Broken But Beautiful]]'' <br><small>(Season 3)</small><br />
| Amaal Mallik<br />
| Rashmi Virag<br />
| Palak Muchhal<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 39<br />
! scope="row"| "Meri Pukaar Suno"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[A. R. Rahman]]<br />
| [[Gulzar]]<br />
| [[Alka Yagnik|Alka]], [[K. S. Chithra|K. S.]], [[Shreya Ghoshal|Shreya]], [[Sadhana Sargam|Sadhana]], [[Shashaa Tirupati|Shashaa]], [[Asees Kaur|Asees]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 40<br />
! scope="row"| "Aye Mere Humsafar/Ab Mujhe Raat Din"<br />
|''T-Series Mixtape''<br><small>(Season 3)</small><br />
| Abhijit Vaghani<br />
|<br />
| Palak Muchhal<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 41<br />
! scope="row"| "Hasi"<br />
| rowspan="8"| 2022<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[Ami Mishra]]<br />
| Kunaal Vermaa<br />
| Amaal Mallik<br />
|-<br />
| 42<br />
! scope="row"| "Nindiya Re"<br />
|''Duroflex Sounds of Sleep''<br><small>(Season 2)</small><br />
| Yug Bhusal <br />
| Himanshu Kohli<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 43<br />
! scope="row"| "Rehna Tere Paas"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[Anurag Saikia]]<br />
| Kunaal Vermaa<br />
|<br />
| featuring Priyank Sharma, [[Shivaleeka Oberoi]]<br />
|-<br />
| 44<br />
! scope="row"| "[[Dil Diyan Gallan (song)|Dil Diyan Gallan]]"<br />
| rowspan="2"|''The Unwind Mix''<br />
| Vishal–Shekhar<br />
| [[Irshad Kamil]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 45<br />
! scope="row"| "O Re Piya"<br />
| [[Salim–Sulaiman]]<br />
| [[Jaideep Sahni]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 46<br />
! scope="row"| "Memu Aagamu"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| [[Lost Stories (DJs)|Lost Stories]] and [[LE (rapper)|Elly]]<br />
| [[Kunaal Vermaa]], Elly, [[Shinsadong Tiger|S. Tiger]]<br />
| [[Tri.be]]<br />
| featuring [[Allu Arjun]]<br />
|-<br />
| 47<br />
! scope="row"| "Ghalib Hona Hai"<br />
| ''Sukoon''<br />
| [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]] <br />
| [[A. M. Turaz]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 48<br />
! scope="row"| "Yaari Duniya Pe Bhaari"<br />
|''No1 Yaari Jam''<br />
| [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
| [[Kunaal Vermaa]]<br />
| [[Nikhita Gandhi]], Amaal Mallik<br />
| [[McDowell's No.1]] Commercial<br />
|-<br />
| 49<br />
! scope="row"| "Wahi Toh Khuda Hai"<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2023<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| colspan="2"| [[Mithoon]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|50<br />
!scope="row"| "Kasam Se"<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
|rowspan="2"| [[Amaal Mallik]] <br />
|rowspan="2"| Kunaal Vermaa<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|51<br />
!scope="row"| "Tera Main Intezaar"<br />
|2024<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Telugu film songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Film<br />
!No<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Co-artist(s)<br />
|-<br />
| 2010<br />
!''[[Rakta Charitra 2]]''<br />
| 1<br />
|"Aata Ippudu"<br />
| Dharam Sandeep<br />
| [[Vayu Shrivastav|Vayu]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2014<br />
!''[[Rowdy Fellow]]''<br />
| 2<br />
|"Yedho"<br />
| [[Sunny M.R.]]<br />
| [[Krishna Chaitanya (lyricist)|Krishna Chaitanya]]<br />
| Harishka Gudi<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2016<br />
! rowspan="3" |''[[M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story]]''<br />
| 3<br />
|"Le Padha Padha"<br />
| rowspan="3" | [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
| rowspan="3"| Chaitanya Prasad<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 4<br />
|"Nuvve Pranayagni"<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 5<br />
|"Ninne Tholi Premalo"<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2017<br />
!''[[Katamarayudu]]''<br />
| 6<br />
|"Emo Emo"<br />
| [[Anup Rubens]]<br />
| [[Ananta Sriram]]<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Mahanubhavudu]]''<br />
| 7<br />
|"Rendu Kallu"<br />
| [[S. Thaman]]<br />
| Krishna Kanth<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Hello (2017 film)|Hello]]''<br />
| 8<br />
|"Hello"<br />
| [[Anup Rubens]]<br />
| Vanamali<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="6"| 2018<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Tholi Prema (2018 film)|Tholi Prema]]''<br />
| 9<br />
|"Ninnila Ninnila"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[S. Thaman]]<br />
| rowspan="2"| [[Sri Mani]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 10<br />
|"Vinnane Vinnane"<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Ekta''<br />
| 11<br />
|"Idhivaraku Epudu"<br />
| [[Daboo Malik]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Naa Peru Surya]]''<br />
| 12<br />
|"Beautiful Love"<br />
| [[Vishal & Shekhar]]<br />
| rowspan="2"| [[Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Aravinda Sametha Veera Raghava]]''<br />
| 13<br />
|"Anaganaga"<br />
| [[S. Thaman]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Padi Padi Leche Manasu]]''<br />
| 14<br />
|"Padi Padi Leche"<br />
| [[Vishal Chandrashekhar]]<br />
| Krishna Kanth<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2019<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Mr. Majnu]]''<br />
| 15<br />
|"Yemaindho"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[S. Thaman]]<br />
| rowspan="2"| [[Sri Mani]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 16<br />
|"Koppamga"<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Sita (2019 film)|Sita]]''<br />
| 17<br />
|"Koyilamma"<br />
| [[Anup Rubens]]<br />
| Lakshmi Bhupal<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4"| 2020<br />
!''[[Ala Vaikunthapurramuloo]]''<br />
| 18<br />
|"[[Butta Bomma]]"<br />
| [[S. Thaman]]<br />
| [[Ramajogayya Sastry]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Aswathama (film)|Aswathama]]''<br />
| 19<br />
|"Ninne Ninne"<br />
| [[Sricharan Pakala]]<br />
| Ramesh Vakachakra<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Orey Bujjiga]]''<br />
| 20<br />
|"Kurisena Kurisena"<br />
| [[Anup Rubens]]<br />
| Krishna Kanth<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Solo Brathuke So Better]]''<br />
| 21<br />
|"No Pelli"<br />
| [[S. Thaman]]<br />
| Raghuram<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="8"| 2021<br />
!''[[30 Rojullo Preminchadam Ela]]''<br />
| 22<br />
|"Idhera Sneham"<br />
| [[Anup Rubens]]<br />
| [[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Yuvarathnaa]]''<br />
| 23<br />
|"Aarambame"<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[S. Thaman]]<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Ramajogayya Sastry]]<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Vakeel Saab]]''<br />
| 24<br />
|"Kanti Papa"<br />
| Deepu<br />
|-<br />
!''My Indian Boyfriend''<br />
| 25<br />
|"Egire Egire"<br />
| Shravan Bharadwaj<br />
| Purna Chary Challury<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ichata Vahanamulu Niluparadu]]''<br />
| 26<br />
|"Hey Manasenduku"<br />
| Pravin Lakkaraju<br />
| Sreejo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Tuck Jagadish]]''<br />
| 27<br />
|"Kolo Kolanna Kolo"<br />
| [[S. Thaman]]<br />
| rowspan="1"| [[Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry]]<br />
| [[Harini (singer)|Harini]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Most Eligible Bachelor]]''<br />
| 28<br />
|"[[Guche Gulabi]]"<br />
| [[Gopi Sundar]]<br />
| [[Ananta Sriram]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Miles Of Love''<br />
| 29<br />
|"Neelambari"<br />
| R. R. Dhruvan<br />
| Purna Chary Challury<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="12"| 2022<br />
!''2020 Golmaal''<br />
| 30<br />
|"Sukumaari"<br />
| Kanishka<br />
| Purna Chary Challury<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Dharmapuri''<br />
| 31<br />
|"Nallareni Kalladhaanaa"<br />
| Osho Venkat<br />
| Bashkar Yadav Dasari<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Shekar (film)|Shekar]]''<br />
| 32<br />
|"Kinnera"<br />
| [[Anup Rubens]]<br />
| [[Ananta Sriram]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Major (film)|Major]]''<br />
| 33<br />
|"Oh Isha"<br />
| [[Sricharan Pakala]]<br />
| Rajiv Bharadwaj<br />
| [[Chinmayi Sripaada]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Sadha Nannu Nadipe]]''<br />
| 34<br />
|"Oh Prema"<br />
| Shubankar, Pratheek Prem<br />
| Sri Ram Tapaswi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Thank You (2022 film)|Thank You]]''<br />
| 35<br />
|"Farewell Song"<br />
| [[Thaman S]]<br />
| [[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ranga Ranga Vaibhavanga]]''<br />
| 36<br />
|"Kothaga Ledhenti"<br />
| [[Devi Sri Prasad]]<br />
| [[Sri Mani]]<br />
| [[Hari Priya]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Swathi Muthyam (2022 film)|Swathi Muthyam]]''<br />
| 37<br />
|"Nee Charedu Kalle"<br />
| Mahati Swara Sagar<br />
| Krishna Kanth<br />
| Sanjana Kalmanje<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ori Devuda]]''<br />
| 38<br />
|"Paathashala Loo"<br />
| [[Leon James (composer)|Leon James]]<br />
| [[Ananta Sriram]]<br />
| Sameera Bharadwaj<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Banaras (2022 film)|Banaras]]''<br />
| 39<br />
|"Maaya Ganga"<br />
| [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]]<br />
| Krishna Kanth<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Urvasivo Rakshasivo]]''<br />
| 40<br />
|"Kalisunte"<br />
| [[Achu Rajamani]]<br />
| Krishna Kanth<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Gurthunda Seethakalam]]''<br />
| 41<br />
|"Suhasini"<br />
|[[Kaala Bhairava]]<br />
| ShreeMani<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="10" | 2023<br />
!''[[Premadesam|Premadesham]]''<br />
| 42<br />
|"Padamule Levu Pilla"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Mani Sharma]]<br />
| Karunakar Adigarla<br />
| Harika Narayan<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Shaakuntalam]]''<br />
| 43<br />
|"Madhura Gathama"<br />
| Shreemani<br />
| Shreya Ghoshal<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Manu Charitra]]''<br />
| 44<br />
|"Ipude Parichayame"<br />
| [[Gopi Sundar]]<br />
| [[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Dilse]]''<br />
|45<br />
|"Yella Yella"<br />
|Srikar Velamuri<br />
|[[Anantha Sriram]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
![[Skanda (film)|''Skanda'']]<br />
|46<br />
|"Dummare Dumma"<br />
|[[Thaman S]]<br />
|Kalyan Chakravarthy<br />
|Ayyan Pranati<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Iraivan|God]]''<br />
|47<br />
|"Preminche Manasune"<br />
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]<br />
|Krishna Kanth<br />
|Shivani Panneerselvam<br />
|-<br />
!''Spark''<br />
|48<br />
|"Lekha Lekha"<br />
|[[Hesham Abdul Wahab]]<br />
|[[Anantha Sriram]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Aadikeshava]]''<br />
|49<br />
|"Hey Bujji Bangaram"<br />
|[[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]<br />
|[[Ramajogayya Sastry]]<br />
|[[Yamini Ghantasala]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Extra Ordinary Man]]''<br />
|50<br />
|"Danger Pilla"<br />
|[[Harris Jayaraj]]<br />
|Krishna Kanth<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Jorugaa Husharugaa]]''<br />
|51<br />
|"Yuvarani"<br />
|Praneeth Muzic<br />
|[[Ramajogayya Sastry]]<br />
|Navya Sameera<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="8" |2024<br />
!''[[Bhoot Police]]''<br />
|52<br />
|"Idhega Prema"<br />
|[[Sachin–Jigar]]<br />
|Kittu Vissapragada<br />
|[[Shweta Pandit]]<br />
|-<br />
![[Operation Valentine (film)|''Operation Valentine'']]<br />
|53<br />
|"Gaganaala"<br />
|[[Mickey J. Meyer]]<br />
|[[Ramajogayya Sastry]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ravikula Raghurama]]''<br />
|54<br />
|"Madhurame"<br />
| Sukumar Pammi<br />
| [[Sri Mani]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''11:11''<br />
|55<br />
|"Emaindho"<br />
|[[Mani Sharma]]<br />
| [[Rakendu Mouli]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Seetha Kalyana Vaibhogame''<br />
|56<br />
|"Laagesaave"<br />
| colspan="2" |Charan Arjun<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Committee Kurrollu]]''<br />
|57<br />
|"Prema Gaaradi"<br />
|[[Anudeep Dev]]<br />
|Kittu Vissapragada<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
![[Utsavam (2024 film)|''Utsavam'']]<br />
|58<br />
|"Marriages are made in Heaven"<br />
|[[Anup Rubens]]<br />
|[[Anantha Sriram]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Sarangapani Jathakam]]''<br />
|59<br />
|"Sarango Saranga"<br />
|[[Vivek Sagar]]<br />
|[[Ramajogayya Sastry]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="3"|2025<br />
!''[[Robinhood (2025 film)|Robinhood]]''<br />
|60<br />
|"Wherever You Go"<br />
|[[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]<br />
|rowspan="2"|Krishna Kanth<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
![[Mirai (2025 film)|''Mirai'']]<br />
|61<br />
|"Vibe Undi"<br />
|Gowra Hari <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Santhana Prapthirasthu]]''<br />
|62<br />
|"Telusa Neekosame"<br />
|Ajay Arasada <br />
|[[Sri Mani]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Tamil film songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Film<br />
!No<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Co-artist(s)<br />
|-<br />
| 2010<br />
!''[[Rettaisuzhi]]''<br />
| 1<br />
|"Pattaalam Paaruda"<br />
| [[Karthik Raja]]<br />
| V. Ramasamy<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"| 2015<br />
!''[[Paayum Puli (2015 film)|Paayum Puli]]''<br />
| 2<br />
|"Yaar Inda Muyalkutty"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[D. Imman]]<br />
| [[Vairamuthu]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Vasuvum Saravananum Onna Padichavanga]]''<br />
| 3<br />
|"Sona Sona"<br />
| [[Na. Muthukumar]]<br />
| Varun Parandhaman, [[Maria Roe Vincent]]<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4"| 2016<br />
!''[[Kavalai Vendam]]''<br />
| 4<br />
|"Un Kadhal Irundhal"<br />
| [[Leon James (composer)|Leon James]]<br />
| [[Ko Sesha]]<br />
| [[Shashaa Tirupati]]<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="3" |''[[M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story]]''<br />
| 5<br />
|"Pouraadalaam"<br />
| rowspan="3" | [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
| rowspan="3"| [[P. Vijay]]<br />
| rowspan="3"|<br />
|-<br />
| 6<br />
|"Konjam"(Version l)<br />
|-<br />
| 7<br />
|"Konjam"(Version ll)<br />
|-<br />
| 2017<br />
!''[[Theeran Adhigaram Ondru]]''<br />
| 8<br />
|"O Sathiye"<br />
| [[Mohamaad Ghibran|Ghibran]]<br />
| Uma Devi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |2021<br />
!''[[Naanum Single Thaan]]''<br />
| 9<br />
|"Maamazhai Vaanam"<br />
| Hitesh Manjunath<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Annabelle Sethupathi]]''<br />
| 10<br />
|"Vaanil Megham"<br />
| Krishna Kishor<br />
| Una Devi<br />
| [[Chinmayi Sripaada]]<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2022<br />
!''[[Etharkkum Thunindhavan]]''<br />
| 11<br />
|"Summa Surrunu"<br />
| [[D. Imman]]<br />
| [[Sivakarthikeyan]]<br />
| [[Nikhita Gandhi]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[The Legend (2022 film)|The Legend]]''<br />
| 12<br />
|"Mosalo Mosalu"<br />
| [[Harris Jayaraj]]<br />
| [[P. Vijay]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Banaras (2022 film)|Banaras]]''<br />
| 13<br />
|"Maaya Ganga"<br />
| [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]]<br />
| [[Palani Bharathi]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | 2023<br />
!''[[Kick (2023 film)|Kick]]''<br />
| 14<br />
|"Pathu Murai"<br />
| [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
| Vivek<br />
| [[Saindhavi]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Iraivan]]''<br />
|15<br />
|"Shades Of Love"<br />
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]<br />
|Vivek<br />
|Shivani Pannerselvam<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Aalambana]]''<br />
| 16<br />
|"Eppa Paarthaalum"<br />
| [[Hiphop Tamizha]]<br />
| [[P. Vijay]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|2024<br />
!''[[Bhoot Police]]'' (D) <br />
|17<br />
|"Oh Enthan Kadhal"<br />
|[[Sachin–Jigar]]<br />
|A K Sathish<br />
|Dr Yasaswini Kamala<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Weapon (film)|Weapon]]''<br />
|18<br />
|"Aasaikku Alavethu"<br />
|[[Ghibran]]<br />
|Vaisagh<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="2"|2025<br />
!rowspan="2"|''Mr.Housekeeping''<br />
|19<br />
|"Nee Naan"<br />
|rowspan="2"| Osho Venkat<br />
|rowspan="2"| Ku Karthik<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
|"Nee Naan" (Reprise) <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Kannada film songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Film<br />
!No<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Co-artist(s)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2015<br />
! rowspan="3" |''[[Siddhartha (2015 film)|Siddhartha]]''<br />
| 1<br />
|"Free Idhe"<br />
| rowspan="3" | [[V. Harikrishna]]<br />
| rowspan="4"| [[Jayanth Kaikini]]<br />
| rowspan="2"|<br />
|-<br />
| 2<br />
|"Jaadu Maadidanthe"<br />
|-<br />
| 3<br />
|"Achchaagide"<br />
| Archana Ravi<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"|2016<br />
! rowspan="3" |''[[Mungaru Male 2]]''<br />
| 4<br />
|"Sariyagi Nenapide"<br />
| rowspan="3" | [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 5<br />
|"Neenu Irade"<br />
| [[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]]<br />
| [[Anuradha Bhat]]<br />
|-<br />
| 6<br />
|"Onte Songu"<br />
| Gopi Iyengar, Dr. Umesh Pilikudelu<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Swaroop Khan]]<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="11"| 2017<br />
!''Sarvasva''<br />
| 7<br />
|"Nee Nanna Loka"<br />
| [[V. Sridhar]]<br />
| [[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Hebbuli]]''<br />
| 8<br />
|"Devare"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
| Harsha Priya<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Chakravarthy (2017 film)|Chakravarthy]]''<br />
| 9<br />
|"Ondu Malebillu"<br />
| [[V. Nagendra Prasad]]<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Saheba (film)|Saheba]]''<br />
| 10<br />
|"Heegethake"<br />
| [[V. Harikrishna]]<br />
| [[Jayanth Kaikini]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Kariya 2]]''<br />
| 11<br />
|"Anumaanave Illa"<br />
| Karan B Krupa<br />
| [[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''BMW''<br />
| 12<br />
|"Naa Hege Helali"<br />
| Sriram Gandharva<br />
| Gaurav<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Raaga (film)|Raaga]]''<br />
| 13<br />
|"Aalisu Baa"<br />
| [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
| [[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]]<br />
| [[Sanjeev Chimmalgi]]<br />
|-<br />
!''Raajaru''<br />
| 14<br />
|"Ondalla Ondu"<br />
| [[V. Sridhar]]<br />
| rowspan="3"| [[Jayanth Kaikini]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Tarak (film)|Tarak]]''<br />
| 15<br />
|"Birigaaliyondige"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 16<br />
|"Maathadu Nee"<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|-<br />
!''Enendu Hesaridali''<br />
| 17<br />
|"Prema Peeditha"<br />
| Surendhra Nath B R<br />
| Jayanth Kaikini<br />
| [[Palak Muchhal]]<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="6"| 2018<br />
!''[[Hottegagi Genu Bategagi|Hottegagi Genu Battegagi]]''<br />
| 18<br />
|"Ajnanadinda Thayi Berigee"<br />
| Ramchandra Hadapad<br />
| Narendra Babu<br />
| Shwetha Prabhu<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Johnny Johnny Yes Papa (film)|Johnny Johnny Yes Papa]]''<br />
| 19<br />
|"Neene Nanagella"<br />
| [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]]<br />
| Dhananjay Ranjan<br />
| Bobby CR<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Krishna Tulasi]]''<br />
| 20<br />
|"Yeno Hosa Nantu"<br />
| Kiran Ravindranath <br />
| Hrudayashiva<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Prema Baraha]]''<br />
| 21<br />
|"Prema Baraha"<br />
| [[Jassie Gift]]<br />
| [[Hamsalekha]]<br />
| [[Palak Muchhal]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[The Villain (2018 film)|The Villain]]''<br />
| 22<br />
|"Nodivalandava"<br />
| [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
| [[Prem (film director)|Prem]]<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|-<br />
!''Swartharatna''<br />
| 23<br />
|"Ee Jeeva Kareyole"<br />
| B J Bharath<br />
| Jayanth Kaikini<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="9"| 2019<br />
!''[[Seetharama Kalyana]]''<br />
| 24<br />
|"Ninna Raja Naanu"<br />
| [[Anup Rubens]]<br />
| V. Sai Sukanya<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Yaarige Yaaruntu''<br />
| 25<br />
|"Himada Raashiya"<br />
| B J Bharath<br />
| [[K. Kalyan]]<br />
| [[Supriya Lohith]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Face 2 Face (2019 Indian film)|Face 2 Face]]''<br />
| 26<br />
|"Baayaarike"<br />
| Ek Khwaab The Band<br />
| [[Jayanth Kaikini]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Badri v/s Madhumathi''<br />
| 27<br />
|"Khushiyo Khushiyu"<br />
| Elwin Joshwa<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[99 (2019 film)|99]]''<br />
| 28<br />
|"Gamyave"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
| rowspan="2"| [[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Amar (2019 film)|Amar]]''<br />
| 29<br />
|"Onde Aetige"<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|-<br />
!''[[I Love You (2019 film)|I Love You]]''<br />
| 30<br />
|"Maatanaadi Maayavade"<br />
| Kiran Thotambyle<br />
| Santosh Naik<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Pailwaan]]''<br />
| 31<br />
|"Dhruvataare"<br />
| [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
| V. Nagendra Prasad<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Lungi (film)|Lungi]]''<br />
| 32<br />
|"Nagabeda Ande Naanu"<br />
| Prasad K Shetty<br />
| Arjun Lewis<br />
| [[Shweta Mohan]]<br />
|-<br />
|2020<br />
!''Sri Bharatha Baahubali''<br />
| 33<br />
|"Kannalle Kannalle"<br />
| [[Manikanth Kadri]]<br />
| Manju Maandavya<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4"| 2021<br />
!''[[Yuvarathnaa]]''<br />
| 34<br />
|"Neenaadena"<br />
| [[S. Thaman]]<br />
| Ghouse Peer <br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Premam Poojyam]]''<br />
| 35<br />
|"Ambaari Prema"<br><small>(Duet)</small><br />
| rowspan="2" | Raghavendra B S<br />
| rowspan="2"| Raghavendra B S<br />
| [[Mridula Warrier]]<br />
|-<br />
| 36<br />
|"Ambaari Prema"<br><small>(Solo)</small><br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Rider (2021 film)|Rider]]''<br />
| 37<br />
|"Davva Davva"<br />
| [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
| Chethan Kumar<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="5" | 2022<br />
!''[[Ek Love Ya]]''<br />
| 38<br />
|"Yaare Yaare"<br />
|[[Arjun Janya]]<br />
| Prem's<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Prarambha''<br />
|39<br />
|"Baari Neene Neene"<br />
|Prajwal Pai<br />
|Santhosh Naik<br />
|Ashwini Joshi<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Banaras (2022 film)|Banaras]]''<br />
| 40<br />
|"Maaya Gange"<br />
| [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]]<br />
| [[V. Nagendra Prasad]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Raymo]]''<br />
| 41<br />
|"Neene Yella Berenilla"<br />
| [[Arjun Janya]]<br />
| [[Pavan Wadeyar]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Prema (Private Song)''<br />
|42<br />
|"Prema"<br />
|Shashikumar Shantharaju<br />
|Nagendra Bijur<br />
|Shashikala Sunil<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="5" |2023<br />
!''Cocktail''<br />
|43<br />
|"Male Modada"<br />
| Loki Tavasya<br />
| Hrudaya Shiva, Siraj Miajr<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Ponniyin Selvan: II]]''<br />
|44<br />
|"PS Anthem"<br />
| [[A. R. Rahman]]<br />
| [[Gulzar]]<br />
| [[Nakul Abhyankar]], Nabyla Maan<br />
|-<br />
!''Aparoopa''<br />
|45<br />
|"Aniside Eko"<br />
|Prajwal Pai<br />
| Ghouse Peer<br />
| Sangeetha Ravindranath<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Baanadariyalli]]''<br />
|46<br />
|"Maathella Haage Ide"<br />
|[[Arjun Janya]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
![[Sugar Factory (film)|''Sugar Factory'']]<br />
|47<br />
|"Haneya Baraha"<br />
|[[Kabir Rafi]]<br />
|Raghavendra V Kamath<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |2024<br />
!''[[Ondu Sarala Prema Kathe]]''<br />
|48<br />
|"Neenyarele"<br />
|Veera Samarth<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Kotee]]''<br />
|49<br />
|"Maathu Sothu"<br />
|[[Vasuki Vaibhav]]<br />
|[[Yogaraj Bhat]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Bhuvanam Gaganam''<br />
|50<br />
|"Bhuvana Gagana"<br />
|Gummineni Vijay<br />
|[[Aniruddha Sastry]]<br />
|Aishwarya Rangarajan<br />
|-<br />
!''Ibbani Tabbida Ileyali''<br />
|51<br />
|"Taare Nihaare"<br />
|Gagan Baderiya<br />
|Nagarjun Sharma<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="4" |2025<br />
!''[[Doora Theera Yaana]]''<br />
|52<br />
|"Idenidu Soochane"<br />
|Ronada Bakkesh<br />
|[[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''College Kalavida''<br />
|53<br />
|"Singara Neene"<br />
|Suraj Jois<br />
|Sanjay Malavalli<br />
|Sunidhi Ganesh<br />
|-<br />
!''Mirai'' (D) <br />
|54<br />
|"Vibe Aithe Baby"<br />
|Gowra Hari<br />
|Varadaraj Chikkaballapura<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''Raashi''<br />
|55<br />
|"Suddi Ellade"<br />
|Vijay Palegar<br />
|Vijay Palegar<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Bengali film songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Film<br />
!No<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Co-artist(s)<br />
|-<br />
| 2016<br />
!''[[Love Express (2016 film)|Love Express]]''<br />
| 1<br />
|"Dhitang Dhitang"<br />
| [[Jeet Gannguli]]<br />
| rowspan="3"iuuyRgtgbhjm,lojoiuuytrefeer| Prasen<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="5"| 2017<br />
!''[[Ami Je Ke Tomar]]''<br />
| 2<br />
|"Ami Je Ke Tomar"<br />
| [[Indradeep Dasgupta]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Amar Aponjon]]''<br />
| 3<br />
|"Ele Chupi Chupi"<br />
| [[Dabbu]]<br />
| [[Antara Mitra]]<br />
|-<br />
!''Tor Karone''<br />
| 4<br />
|"Tor Karone"<br />
| Apeiruss<br />
| Isteaque Ahmed<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''[[Shrestha Bangali]]''<br />
| 5<br />
|"Ichhe Dana"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Monty Sharma]]<br />
| Priyo Chattopadhyay<br />
| [[Palak Muchhal]]<br />
|-<br />
| 6 <br />
|"Dishey Hara Mon"<br />
| Lipi<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="8"| 2018<br />
!''[[Naqaab (2018 film)|Naqaab]]''<br />
| 7<br />
|"Tor Hata Chola"<br />
| Dev Sen<br />
| Prasen<br />
| Prashmita Paul<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Crisscross (2018 film)|Crisscross]]''<br />
| 8<br />
|"Aalo Chhaya"<br />
| Shubham Shirule for [[JAM8]]<br />
| [[Smaranjit Chakraborty]]<br />
| Shubham Shirule<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Chalbaaz]]''<br />
| 9<br />
|"Tor Premer Brishtite"<br />
| [[Savvy Gupta|Savvy]]<br />
| Anyaman<br />
| Madhubanti Bagchi<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |''Villain''<br />
| 10<br />
|"Pyar Ki Dose"<br />
| Dev Sen, [[Aritra Shekhar Sanyal]]<br />
| Rivo<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 11<br />
|"Shundori Komola"<br />
| Subhadeep Mitra for [[JAM8]]<br />
| [[Sanjeev Tiwari]]<br />
| [[Antara Mitra]]<br />
|-<br />
!''Piya Re''<br />
| 12<br />
|"Tor Neshate"<br />
| [[Jeet Gannguli]]<br />
| Dipangshu Sengupta <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Hoichoi Unlimited]]''<br />
| 13<br />
|"Oh Baby"<br />
| [[Savvy Gupta|Savvy]]<br />
| rowspan="2"| [[Raja Chanda]]<br />
| [[Nikhita Gandhi]]<br />
|-<br />
!''Bagh Bandi Khela''<br />
| 14<br />
|"Mahi Re"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Jeet Gannguli]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2019<br />
!''[[Kidnap (2019 film)|Kidnap]]''<br />
| 15<br />
|"Ektu Jayga Dena"<br />
| Ritam Sen<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2020<br />
!''Jio Jamai''<br />
| 16<br />
|"Chhoya Chhuyi"<br />
| Dev Sen<br />
| Rivo<br />
| Debanjali B Joshi<br />
|-<br />
| 2022<br />
!''[[Shaan (2022 film)|Shaan]]''<br />
| 17<br />
|"Cholo Pakhi Hoi"<br />
| Ahmmed Humayun<br />
| Prosen<br />
| [[Palak Muchhal]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Malayalam film songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Film<br />
!No<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Co-artist(s)<br />
|-<br />
| 2017<br />
!''[[Theeram]]''<br />
| 1<br />
|"Njan Varumee"<br />
| [[Afzal Yusuf]]<br />
| [[Rinu Razak]]<br />
| Tabitha Chettupally<br />
|} <br />
<br />
==Marathi film songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Film<br />
!#<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Co-artist(s)<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"| 2016<br />
!''Youth''<br />
| 1<br />
|"Je Hote Mala"<br />
| colspan="2" | Vishal Rane, Jagdish Pawar<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
!''[[Kaul Manacha (Marathi movie)|Kaul Manacha]]''<br />
| 2<br />
|"Man Manjiri"<br />
| [[Rohan-Rohan]]<br />
| Manoj Yadav<br />
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
|-<br />
| 2017<br />
!''Rangeela Rayabaa''<br />
| 3<br />
|"Nakyawar"<br />
| Pankajj Padghat<br />
| Valay<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2020<br />
!''Neighbours''<br />
| 4<br />
|"Luk Luk Tara"<br />
| Nishaad<br />
| Mangesh Kangane<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2022<br />
!''[[Ved (film)|Ved]]''<br />
| 5<br />
|"My One And Only"<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[Ajay-Atul]]<br />
| [[Guru Thakur]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2023<br />
!''[[Jaggu Ani Juliet]]''<br />
| 6<br />
|"Tu Bi Aan Mi Bi"<br />
| [[Guru Thakur]]<br />
| [[Shalmali Kholgade]]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Gujarati film songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Film<br />
!#<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Co-artist(s)<br />
|-<br />
| 2016<br />
!''Daav Thai Gayo Yaar''<br />
| 1<br />
|"Mann Gamtu"<br />
| rowspan="3" | [[Parth Bharat Thakkar]]<br />
| colspan="2"| [[Aishwarya Majmudar]]<br />
|-<br />
| 2017<br />
!''[[Superstar (2017 film)|Superstar]]''<br />
| 2<br />
|"Jaadugari"<br />
| [[Niren Bhatt]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2023<br />
!''Hurry Om Hurry''<br />
|3<br />
|"Chal Taali Aap"<br />
|[[Priya Saraiya]]<br />
|[[Aditya Gadhvi]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Pakistani film songs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Film<br />
!#<br />
! scope="col"| Song<br />
! scope="col"| Composer(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Lyricist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Co-artist(s)<br />
! scope="col"| Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| 2016<br />
|''[[Janaan]]''<br />
| 1<br />
! scope="row"| "Janaan"<br />
| [[Salim–Sulaiman]]<br />
| Fatima Najeeb<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Janaan Title Song {{!}} Armaan Malik, Salim Sulaiman {{!}} Armeena Khan, Bilal Ashraf, Ali Rehman Khan|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RgStr3iz0v0&app=desktop|access-date=2020-08-18|website=YouTube}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2017<br />
|''[[Mehrunisa V Lub U]]''<br />
| 2<br />
! scope="row"| "Beliya"<br />
| rowspan="3"| Simaab Sen<br />
| [[Gulzar]]<br />
| [[Aditi Paul]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Beliya Full Song Armaan Malik and AditiPaul Movie Mehrunisa V Lub U LollywoodFilms123(360p)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n0qqCoqj8Ow&app=desktop|access-date=2020-08-18|website=YouTube}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"| 2019<br />
| rowspan="2"|''Sacch''<br />
| 3<br />
! scope="row"| "Danista"<br />
| rowspan="2"| Fatima Najeeb<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Danista {{!}} Teaser Song {{!}} Sacch The Movie|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XoUbB6TVi14&app=desktop|access-date=2020-08-18|website=YouTube}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 4<br />
! scope="row"| "Ishq Mera" <br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ishq Mera - Armaan Malik New Song 2020 - Pakistani Movie Song|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UY-9T8F_n3o&app=desktop|access-date=2020-08-18|website=YouTube}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
== Konkani songs ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
|-<br />
! Year <br />
!Film<br />
!No!! Song <br />
!Composer(s)<br />
!Writer(s)!! Co-artist(s)<br />
|-<br />
| 2017 <br />
!''Mog Asom 2''<br />
|1<br />
|"Novi Gadi"<br />
|Darrel Mascarenhas<br />
|Wilson Kateel<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2019<br />
!''Mangalore To Goa''<br />
|2<br />
|"Mhujya Anja"<br />
|Patson Pereira<br />
|Gani Dev, Niel Rasquinha<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Odia songs ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Year<br />
!Film<br />
!No<br />
!Song<br />
!Composer(s)<br />
!Writer(s)<br />
!Co-artist(s)<br />
|-<br />
!2024<br />
!TBA<br />
|1<br />
|Suna Maina<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C9sJI9eSLi6/?igsh=MTUzeDRhMzNoeGJodQ== |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref><br />
|Bimugdha Das<br />
|TBA<br />
|Kiran Das<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
!TBA<br />
|2<br />
|Kete Manami<ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C9rzmgaSY98/?igsh=MXZsNzB5Z2d6YTJteg== |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref><br />
|Bimugdha Das<br />
|Nila<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Albums==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col" style="width:8em;"| Title<br />
! scope="col"| Details<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| ''Armaan''<br />
| <br />
* Released: 14 February 2014<br />
* Label: [[Universal Music Group|Universal Music Group India]]<br />
* Formats: [[Compact disc|CD]], [[Music download|digital download]]<br />
* Link : https://spotify.link/HhDHstSbaEb<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col" style="width:8em;"| Title<br />
! scope="col"| Details<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| ''Only Just Begun''<br />
| <br />
* Release date: 26 October 2023<br />
* Label: [[Independent record label| Always Music]]<br />
* Formats:[[Music download|digital download]]<br />
* Link : https://spotify.link/L08mdE2baEb<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==EPs==<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col" style="width:8em;"| Title<br />
! scope="col"| Details<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| ''Sun Maahi''<br />
| <br />
* Released: 3 February 2023<br />
* Label: Always Music Global<br />
* Formats: digital download<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Singles==<br />
===As lead artist===<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col"| Title<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Album<br />
! scope="col"| Language<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Krazy Konnection"<br><small>(featuring [[Salim Merchant]])</small><br />
| 2014<br />
| Armaan<br />
| Hindi <br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Aaja Na Ferrari Mein"<br />
| 2017<br />
| rowspan="20" {{n/a|Non-album single}}<br />
| Hindi <br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Tootey Khaab"<br />
| 2019<br />
| Hindi <br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Control"<br />
| rowspan="6"| 2020<br />
| English <br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Control"<br><small>([[Lost Stories (DJs)|Lost Stories]] Remix)</small> <br />
| English <br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Next 2 Me"<br />
| English <br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Zara Thehro"<br><small>(with [[Tulsi Kumar]])</small><br />
| Hindi<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Beech Raaste"<br><small>(with [[Nikhita Gandhi]])</small><br />
| Hindi<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Control"<br><small>(Stripped)</small> <br />
| English<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "How Many"<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2021<br />
| English<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Echo"<br><small>(with [[Eric Nam]] and [[Kshmr]])</small><br />
| English<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Barsaat"<br />
| Hindi<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "You"<br />
| rowspan="5"| 2022<br />
| English<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Nakhrey Nakhrey"<br />
| Hindi<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Tu/You" <br />
| English<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Bas Tujhse Pyaar Ho"<br />
| Hindi<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Sun Maahi"<br />
| Hindi<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Tabaahi"<br><small>(with OAFF)</small><br />
| rowspan="4" | 2023<br />
| Hindi<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "HIIR"<br><small>(featuring [[Lost Stories (DJs)|Lost Stories]], Yashraj, Kimera)</small><br />
| Hindi<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Dil Malanga"<br><small>(with [[Nimrat Khaira]])</small><br />
| Hindi<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "Manzoor Hai"<br />
| Hindi<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===As featured artist===<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col"| Title<br />
! scope="col"| Year<br />
! scope="col"| Language<br />
! scope="col"| Album<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row"| "2Step"<br><small>([[Ed Sheeran]] featuring Armaan Malik)</small><br />
| 2022<br />
| English<br />
| {{n/a|Non-album single}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[List of songs recorded by Arijit Singh]]<br />
* [[List of songs recorded by Shreya Ghoshal]]<br />
* [[List of songs recorded by Jubin Nautiyal]]<br />
* [[List of Indian playback singers]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Malik, Armaan}}<br />
[[Category:Lists of songs recorded by Indian singers]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khushboo_(1975_film)&diff=469068Khushboo (1975 film)2026-03-26T19:09:45Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: refined article as per guidelines and fixed typos</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Khushboo<br />
| image = Khushboo 1975 poster.jpg<br />
| caption = Movie Poster<br />
| director = [[Gulzar (lyricist)|Gulzar]]<br />
| producer = Prasan Kapoor <br /> [[Jeetendra]] {{small|(presents)}}<br />
| writer = Gulzar {{small|(dialogues)}}<br />
| screenplay = Gulzar<br />D.N. Mukherjee<br />Bhushan Banmali<br />
| story = [[Saratchandra Chatterjee|Shri Sarat Chandra Chatterjee]]<br />
| based_on = ''Pandit Mashai'' (1951 film)<br />
| starring = [[Jeetendra]]<br />[[Hema Malini]]<br />
| music = [[R. D. Burman]]<br />
| cinematography = [[:en:K_Vaikunth|K Vaikunth]]<br />
| editing = Khanti Bhai Pandya<br />
| studio = Tirupati Pictures<br />
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1975|5|8}}<br />
| runtime = 133 minutes<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Hindi<br />
| budget = <br />
| gross = <br />
}}<br />
'''''Khushboo''''' ({{Translation|Aroma}}) is a 1975 [[Hindi]]-language [[drama (film and television)|drama film]], produced by Prasan Kapoor under the Tirupati Pictures banner, presented by Jeetendra and directed by [[Gulzar (lyricist)|Gulzar]]. It stars [[Jeetendra]], [[Hema Malini]] and music composed by [[R. D. Burman]]. The film is a remake of the 1951 [[Bengali language|Bengali]] film ''Pandit Mashai'', which itself was based on [[Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay]]'s novel of the same name.<ref name="hindu13">{{Cite web | title = Blast From The Past: Khushboo (1975) | url = http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-columns/khushboo-1975/article4810769.ece | work = [[The Hindu]] | date = 13 June 2013 | access-date = 14 June 2013 | author = Ziya Us Salam | archive-date = 22 September 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220922114727/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-columns/khushboo-1975/article4810769.ece | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Raheja |first=Dinesh |date=12 April 2003 |title=Khushboo: Gulzar's unforgettable magic |url=https://rediff.com/movies/2003/apr/12dinesh.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210505040302/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/apr/12dinesh.htm |archive-date=5 May 2021 |access-date=2 March 2024 |website=Rediff.com |publisher=[[Rediff]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
Kusum, as a child, marries Vrindavan. After some time, her father dies in a riot, and blame erroneously comes to Vrindavan's father. Due to this, Vrindavan's father rejects Kusum to be his daughter-in-law. Kusum, along with her brother and mother, moves to a different village away from Vrindavan's family. Now they grow up, and Kusum considers herself as the wife of Vrindavan and refuses to marry anyone else. Eventually, her mother dies, and her brother Kunj stays single as he doesn't want to marry until he sends his sister to her in-laws. On the other side, Vrindavan's father dies, and he becomes a doctor. Oblivious to Kusum's feelings, he goes on to marry another girl, Lakhi, who was also a victim of [[child marriage]] and has no one now. They have a son, Charan, and Lakhi dies after some time due to illness. He moves to his village and starts a practice there. Once, he happens to visit a wealthy patient in Kusum's village where Kusum recognizes him, though he fails to as he only knows her pet name, not real name, gradually, they come closer, and Vrindavan's mother is happy to accept Kusum as her daughter-in-law. But misunderstandings develop because Kusum considers them insensitive as they not only forgot what they had done to her family but also take her for granted now. But Vrindavan, having a soft corner for her, still wishes that she would come to him. Kusum grows close to his son Charan and keeps him with her during the endemic in Vrindavan's village. Finally, Vrindavan and Kusum can overcome egoistic barriers and unite with the blessings of her brother, Vrindavan's mother, and little Charan.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
* [[Jeetendra]] as Dr. Brindaban<br />
* [[Hema Malini]] as Kusum<br />
* [[Sharmila Tagore]] as Lakhi<br />
* [[Asrani]] as Kunj<br />
* [[Om Shivpuri]] as Brindaban's father<br />
* Chandrima Bhaduri as Chaudhrain<br />
* Dev Kishan as Munim<br />
* Sudhir Thakkar as Sudhir<br />
* [[Durga Khote]] as Brindaban's mother<br />
* [[Farida Jalal]] as Manno<br />
* [[Sarika]] as Kali<br />
* [[Leela Mishra]] as Kusum's mother<br />
* [[Raju Shrestha|Master Raju]] as Charan (Brindaban's son)<br />
<br />
==Awards==<br />
At the [[23rd Filmfare Awards]], the film received two nominations - Kishore Kumar as Best Playback Singer, Male for ''O Maajhi Re'' and Hema Malini as Best Actress.{{cn|date=October 2025}}<br />
<br />
==Soundtrack==<br />
The music of the film was by [[R. D. Burman]], and the lyrics were by [[Gulzar]]. The song "O Majhi Re Apna Kinara" went on to be used in the Malaysian film [[Rabun]].{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! # !! Title !! Singer(s)<br />
|-<br />
| 1<br />
| "O Majhi Re Apna Kinara"<br />
| [[Kishore Kumar]]<br />
|-<br />
| 2<br />
| "Do Nainon Mein Ansoo Bhare Hai"<br />
| [[Lata Mangeshkar]]<br />
|-<br />
| 3<br />
| "Ghar Jayegi Tar Jayegi"<br />
| [[Asha Bhosle]]<br />
|-<br />
| 4<br />
| "Bechara Dil Kya Kare"<br />
| Asha Bhosle<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb title|0215900|Kushboo}}<br />
<br />
{{Gulzar}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Films scored by R. D. Burman]]<br />
[[Category:1975 films]]<br />
[[Category:1975 Hindi-language films]]<br />
[[Category:1975 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Films based on Indian novels]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi remakes of Bengali films]]<br />
[[Category:Films based on works by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay]]<br />
[[Category:Films about child marriage in India]]<br />
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Gulzar]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by Gulzar]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajballabh_Sen&diff=528487Rajballabh Sen2026-03-26T17:17:14Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: stub</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|18th-century zamindar and diwan of Dhaka (1707-1763)}}<br />
{{Infobox royalty<br />
| name = Raja Rajballabh Sen<br />
| title = Maharaja and Diwan of Dhaka<br />
| birth_date = {{circa}} 1707<br />
| birth_place = Beel Deonia, [[Bikrampur]]<br />
| death_date = {{circa}} July 1763 (aged 55–56)<br />
| father = Krishnajiban Sen (Majumdar)<br />
| religion = [[Hinduism]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Raja Rajballabh Sen''' ([[Bengali language|Bengali]]: রাজবল্লভ সেন; c. 1707 – 1763) was a Bengali treasurer, revenue administrator,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chatterjee |first=Partha |title=The Black Hole of Empire - History of a Global Practice of Power |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |year=2012 |isbn=9780691152011 |pages=12 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Leach |first1=Edmund Ronald |title=Elites in South Asia |last2=Mukherjee |first2=Soumyendra Nath |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=1970 |pages=47 |language=en}}</ref> [[zamindar]] and [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] official who served as the [[Dewan|diwan]] of [[Dhaka]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ganguli |first=Samir |title=The Zamindars and Nawabs of Bengal |publisher=BlueRose Publishers |year=2023 |pages=111 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Sengupta-2011b">{{Cite book |last=Sengupta |first=Nitish |title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=9788184755305 |publication-date=July 19, 2011 |pages=191 |language=en}}</ref> and later as the [[faujdar]] of [[Munger|Monghyr]] in the 18th century.<ref name="Sengupta-2011a">{{Cite book |last=Sengupta |first=Nitish |title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=9788184755305 |publication-date=July 19, 2011 |pages=23 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Background and political career ==<br />
Rajballabh Sen was born circa 1707 in a village called Beel Deonia.<ref name="BI" /> A [[Baidya]]<ref>{{Cite book |title=Census of India, 1901 - Volume 1 |pages=186 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Islam |first=Sirajul |title=History of Bangladesh, 1704-1971: Social and Cultural History |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |year=1992 |pages=58 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Chatterjee |first=Partha |title=The Black Hole of Empire - History of a Global Practice of Power |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |year=2012 |isbn=9781400842605 |pages=245 |language=en}}</ref> from [[Bikrampur]] (now in [[Munshiganj District|Munshiganj]], [[Bangladesh]]), Sen commenced his career as a [[wikt:muharrir|muharrir]] (clerk or scribe) around 1734<ref name="Majumdar-1947" /> in the land revenue department.<ref name="en.banglapedia.org">{{Cite web |title=Rajballabh, Raja - Banglapedia |url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Rajballabh,_Raja |access-date=2025-09-19 |website=en.banglapedia.org}}</ref><ref name="BI">{{Cite web |title=BI/GRU: In Search of Rajnagar: Part 1 |url=https://bengal.institute/research/bi-gru-in-search-of-rajnagar-part-1/ |access-date=2025-09-20 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
Sen's father, Krishnajiban Sen,<ref name="BI" /><ref name="en.banglapedia.org" /> was himself a muharrir who later became a [[majumdar]].<ref name="en.banglapedia.org" /> While his family had typically held lower- to mid-ranking offices in the Mughal government, Sen's fluency in [[Persian language|Persian]], ambitious demeanour, and sheer competence meant he rose through the ranks rapidly, and became the head of the land revenue department. Soon after, around 1756, he was appointed diwan of Dhaka.<ref name="Chatterjee-2010">{{Cite journal |last=Chatterjee |first=Kumkum |title=Scribal elites in Sultanate and Mughal Bengal |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/001946461004700402 |journal=[[Indian Economic and Social History Review]] |date=2010 |volume=47 |issue=4 |pages=454–472 |doi=10.1177/001946461004700402 |url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name="Ali-1988">{{Cite book |last=Ali |first=Muhammad Mohar |title=History of the Muslims of Bengal |publisher=[[Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University]], [[Riyadh]] |year=1988 |edition=1st |pages=7 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="BI" /> He used his political position to establish connections with some of [[Bengal|Bengal's]] most influential people at the time,<ref name="Chatterjee-2010" /> and to acquire wealth and vast swathes of landed estate across Dhaka, Barisal, Faridpur, and Tipperah (now [[Tripura]]).<ref name="en.banglapedia.org" /><ref name="Curley-2008">{{Cite book |last=Curley |first=David L. |title=Poetry and History: Bengali Maṅgal-kābya and Social Change in Precolonial Bengal |publisher=[[Chronicle Books]] |year=2008 |isbn=9788180280313 |language=en}}</ref> The seat of his estate lay in Rajnagar,<ref name="en.banglapedia.org" /><ref name="Curley-2008" /> to the south of Dhaka, and became a centre of architectural excellence, characterized by large mansions and temples.<ref name="Chatterjee-2010" /><ref name="BI" /><ref name="Majumdar-1947" /> Sen, by this point a [[maharaja]], was also appointed to the post of deputy governor of Bihar around 1760.<ref>{{Cite book |last=McLane |first=John R. |title=Land and Local Kingship in Eighteenth-Century Bengal |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=9780521526548 |publication-date=July 25, 2002 |pages=73 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Chatterjee-2010" /> His town Rajnagar was eventually submerged by ''Kirtinasha'', a channel of the [[Padma River|Padma river]] in 1867.<ref name="Sengupta-2011a" /><ref name="Majumdar-1947">{{Cite book |last=Majumdar |first=Ramesh Chandra |title=Maharaja Rajballabh: A Critical Study Based on Contemporary Records |publisher=[[University of Calcutta]] |year=1947 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="BI" /><br />
<br />
== Social initiatives ==<br />
Rajballabh Sen is noted for having attempted to promote and normalize the practice of widow remarriage in Bengal.<ref name="Majumdar-1947" /> In 1757, when his daughter became widowed at a young age, he decided to consult [[pandit]]s from southern and eastern India, who granted that widow remarriage was consistent with Hindu philosophy.<ref name="Vidyasagar-2012">{{Cite book |last=Vidyasagar |first=Ishwar Chandra |title=Hindu Widow Marriage |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |year=2012 |isbn=9780231526609 |pages=14 |language=en |translator-last=Hatcher |translator-first=Brian A.}}</ref> However, when Sen tried to convince [[Krishnachandra Roy]], the orthodox [[Nadia Raj|Raja of Nadia]] at the time who was influential for Hindu religious practices, and his priests, that the prohibition on widow remarriage be overturned, Roy fervently opposed him.<ref name="Vidyasagar-2012" /> With his opposition, Sen failed to achieve the change he sought.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pruthi |first=R.K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7cG3JbOdPHAC&pg=PA43 |title=Brahmo Samaj and Indian Civilization |publisher=Discovery Publishing House |year=2004 |isbn=9788171417919 |pages=43 |language=en}}</ref> Nevertheless, his vision did not go in vain, as Hindu widow remarriage would go on to be legalized about a century after his death.<ref name="Majumdar-1947" /><br />
<br />
Sen is also remembered for working towards the welfare of his community, the Baidyas. The particular section of the community that he hailed from, the Bangaja Baidyas, had long lost their right to wear the sacred thread, unlike the [[Rarh region|Rarhi]] Baidyas.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sanyal |first=Durga Chandra |title=Banglar Samajik Itihas |year=1908 |language=bn |trans-title=The Social History of Bengal}}</ref> Therefore, he invited [[Brahmin]]s from [[Varanasi|Benaras]], [[Kannauj]], [[Nabadwip]] and other regions with expertise in [[Nyaya|Nyaya Shastra]] to reinstitute<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gupta |first=Umesh Chandra |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.18582 |title=Jati Tattva Baridhi |date=1911 |pages=151 |language=bn |trans-title=A Treatise on the Essence of Caste}}</ref> the right of the Bangaja Baidyas to wear the sacred thread. All of them adjudicated in his favour, with ceremonial costs running to five [[lakh]]s.<ref name="Majumdar-1947" /><ref name="Chatterjee-2010" /><br />
<br />
== Conflict with Siraj-ud-Daulah and death ==<br />
Rajballabh Sen is perhaps most notorious for his association with [[Mir Jafar]], [[Ghaseti Begum]], and the [[East India Company|British East India Company]]. He supported Ghaseti Begum in her power struggle to enthrone Shaukat Jang, the son of Ghaseti's second sister Maimuna Begum.<ref name="Majumdar-1947" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=HT |first=Team |date=2018-01-12 |title=Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah: The Last Independent Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa |url=https://www.heritagetimes.in/nawab-siraj-ud-daulah |access-date=2025-09-21 |website=Heritage Times |language=en-US}}</ref> Siraj grew suspicious of Sen, then diwan of Dhaka, and believed that Shaukat Jang was the illegitimate son of Maimuna and Sen.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lawford |first=James Philip |title=Britain's Army in India: From Its Origins to the Conquest of Bengal |publisher=[[Allen & Unwin]] |year=1978 |isbn=9780049540200 |language=en}}</ref> He also believed Sen had embezzled a large sum of money.<ref name="en.banglapedia.org" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ganguli |first=Samir |title=The Zamindars and Nawabs of Bengal |publisher=BlueRose Publishers |year=2023 |pages=311 |language=en}}</ref> Displeased, Siraj sent his troops to Rajnagar in hopes of arresting members of his family and seizing his questionably accumulated property. However, by then, Krishnadas, Sen's son, had already escaped to [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] with his wealth, and gained the asylum of its governor, [[Roger Drake (colonial administrator)|Roger Drake]].<ref name="Sengupta-2011b" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Lawford |first=James Philip |title=Britain's Army in India: From Its Origins to the Conquest of Bengal |publisher=[[Allen & Unwin]] |year=1978 |isbn=9780049540200 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Ranjit |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TtmMDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT4 |title=Calcutta in Colonial Transition |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |isbn=9780429576119 |publication-date=March 14, 2019 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
After the British ultimately emerged victorious in the [[Battle of Plassey]] in 1757, Sen grew closer to them and started conspiring with them.<ref name="Ali-1988" /> Sen's partnership with the British, however, was short-lived. In July 1763, [[Mir Qasim]], who had succeeded Mir Jafar as the Nawab of Bengal, suspected him of treachery; at his orders, Sen and his eldest son{{Efn|Whether Sen's eldest son was executed alongside him is disputed.}} were executed by drowning.<ref name="en.banglapedia.org" /><ref name="Curley-2008" /><ref name="Chatterjee-2010" /><br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:1763 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:1707 births]]<br />
[[Category:People from the Bengal Subah]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali zamindars]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali Hindus]]<br />
[[Category:18th-century Bengali people]]<br />
[[Category:People from Bikrampur]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maria_(2025_film)&diff=516493Maria (2025 film)2026-03-25T22:18:36Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: new new article</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|2025 Indian Tamil-language film}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2026}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| image = Maria (2025 film).jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = Hari K Sudhan<br />
| writer = Hari K Sudhan<br />
| producer = Hari K Harasudhan<br />
| starring = {{Plainlist|<br />
*Saishri Prabhakaran<br />
*[[Pavel Navageethan]]<br />
*Sidhu Kumaresan<br />
*Vignesh Ravi<br />
* Sudha Pushpa<br />
}}<br />
| cinematography = G. Manishankar<br />
| editing = K. Kaamesh<br/>A. Nishar Sharef<br />
| music = Aravind Gopalakrishnan<br/>Bharath Sudharsha<br />
| studio = Dark Artz Entertainment<br />
| distributor = [[S. Hari Uthraa|Uthraa Productions]]<br />
| released = {{Film date|2025|10|03|df=y}}<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Tamil<br />
}}<br />
'''''Maria''''' is a 2025 Indian Tamil-language [[drama film]] written and directed by Hari K. Sudhan. The film was produced by Hari K. Harasudhan under the banner Dark Artz Entertainment and distributed by Uthraa Production. The film stars Saishri Prabhakaran, [[Pavel Navageethan]], Sidhu Kumaresan, Vignesh Ravi, and Sudha Pushpa in prominent roles. ''Maria'' was released theatrically on 3 October 2025 after being screened at film festivals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=பெண்ணின் உரிமைக்காக போராடும் கதை: மரியா படத்துக்கு சர்வதேச விருதுகள் |url=https://cinema.dinakaran.com/cinema/womenrights_maria_internationalawards/ |access-date=2025-10-07 |website=Dinakaran.com |language=ta-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Jun/28/pavel-navageethan-saishris-maria-gets-release-window|title=Pavel Navageethan-Saishri's Maria gets release window|date=12 June 2025|website=Cinema Express}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Cast ==<br />
<br />
* Saishri Prabhakaran as Maria<br />
* [[Pavel Navageethan]] as Anton Lavey<br />
* Sidhu Kumaresan as Agnes<br />
* Vignesh Ravi as Vishnu<br />
* Sudha Pushpa as Daniela<br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
The film was produced by Hari K Harasudhan under Dark Artz Entertainment. The film's cinematography was handled by G. Manishankar, the editing by K. Kaamesh and A. Nishar Sharef, with music composed by Aravind Gopalakrishnan and Bharath Sudharsha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/interviews/2025/Jun/25/pavel-navageethan-saishri-headline-hari-k-sudhans-maria|title=Pavel Navageethan-Saishri headline Hari K Sudhan's Maria|first=Akshay|last=Kumar|date=3 June 2025|website=Cinema Express}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Reception ==<br />
''[[Nakkheeran]]'' stated that "the director has taken only controversial matters in his hand, which is detrimental to the film."<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-10-03 |title=சர்ச்சையை உருவாக்கினாளா? - ‘மரியா’ விமர்சனம்! |url=https://www.nakkheeran.in/cinema/cinema-news/maria-movie-review-10524137 |access-date=2025-10-07 |website=Nakkheeran |language=ta}}</ref><br />
<br />
Abhinav Subramanian of [[The Times of India|''The Times of India'']] stated: "''Maria''’s a tale of jumping [[Out of the frying pan into the fire|out of the frying pan and into the fire]], albeit at a measured pace."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maria Movie Review: Sincere exploration that feels out of time |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/maria/movie-review/124271281.cms |access-date=2025-10-07 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.maalaimalar.com/cinema/cinemanews/maria-movie-review-791415|title=மரியா- திரைவிமர்சனம் &#124; Maria movie review|language=ta|date=4 October 2025|website=Maalai Malar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cinema.dinakaran.com/cinema/maria_review/|title=மரியா விமர்சனம்|language=ta|website=Dinakaran.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* {{IMDb title|id=37444485}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2025 films]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language drama films]]<br />
[[Category:2025 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian drama films]]<br />
[[Category:2025 drama films]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Purulia&diff=473874Purulia2026-03-24T15:15:32Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: basic refine section for accuracy and updated info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|City in West Bengal, India}}<br />
{{About|the municipality in West Bengal, India|the Indian district|Purulia district|the Australian house|Purulia (Wahroonga)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}<br />
{{more citations needed|date=October 2018}}<br />
<!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details --><br />
{{Infobox settlement<br />
| name = Purulia<br />
| native_name = <br />
| native_name_lang = <br />
| settlement_type = City<br />
| image_skyline = Telkupi, Purulia.jpg<br />
| image_alt = <br />
| image_caption = Telkupi, Purulia<br />
| nickname = <br />
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India3#Asia<br />
| pushpin_label_position = <br />
| pushpin_map_alt = <br />
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|23.34|N|86.36|E|display=inline,title}}<br />
| subdivision_type = Country<br />
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br />
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br />
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br />
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Emblem of West Bengal (Banglarmukh) before 2018.png}} [[West Bengal]]<br />
| subdivision_name2 = [[Purulia District|Purulia]]<br />
| established_title = Established<br />
| established_date = 1838<br />
| founder = <br />
| named_for = <br />
| government_type = [[Municipal Corporations in India|Municipality]]<br />
| governing_body = Purulia Municipality<br />
| unit_pref = Metric<br />
| area_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|title=Purulia City|url=http://puruliamunicipality.org/Default.aspx?PageId=120|website=puruliamunicipality.org|access-date=24 November 2020}}</ref><br />
| area_total_km2 = 12.63<br />
| area_rank = <br />
| elevation_footnotes = <br />
| elevation_m = 240<br />
| population_total = 121,436<ref name="Census2011">{{cite web|title=Purulia City 2011 Census|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|website=Census Govt. of India|publisher=Census 2011|access-date=9 June 2019}}</ref><br />
| population_as_of = 2011<br />
| population_footnotes = <br />
| population_density_km2 = auto<br />
| population_rank = <br />
| population_demonym = <br />
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| utc_offset1 = +5:30<br />
| postal_code_type = <!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --><br />
| postal_code = 723 101, 02, 03.<br />
| area_code = 91 (0)3252<br />
| area_code_type = Telephone code<br />
| registration_plate = WB-56<br />
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]<br />
| blank1_info_sec1 = 955 [[female|♀]]/1000[[male|♂]]<ref name="Census2011"/><br />
| website = {{URL|purulia.gov.in/}}<br />
| footnotes = <br />
| unemployment_rate = <br />
| demographics_type1 = Languages<br />
| demographics1_title1 = Official<br />
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref name="wblangoff">{{cite web|title=Fact and Figures|url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy|website=Wb.gov.in|access-date=10 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=10 March 2019|page=85|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref><br />
| demographics1_title2 = Additional&nbsp;official<br />
| demographics1_info2 = [[English language|English]]<ref name="wblangoff"/><br />
| blank2_name_sec1 = Literacy<br />
| blank2_info_sec1 = 82.34 %<ref name="Census2011"/><br />
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency<br />
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Purulia (Lok Sabha constituency)|Purulia]]<br />
| blank4_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency<br />
| blank4_info_sec1 = [[Purulia (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Purulia]]<br />
| official_name = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Purulia''', officially '''Purulia Sadar''', is a city and a municipality in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It is the headquarters of the [[Purulia district]] & is located on the north of the [[Kangsabati River]].<br />
<br />
==Geography==<br />
{{OSM Location map<br />
| width=450| height=330| zoom=10<br />
| coord={{coord|23|15|0|N|86|23|20|E}}| float=left|caption='''Places in Purulia Sadar subdivision in Purulia district'''<br />M: municipality, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, H: historical/ religious centre, F: facility<br />Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly<br />
|mark-coord1={{coord|23|22|20|N|86|19|15|E}} | label-pos1=left|label1= Lagda| numbered1=CT| mark-title1= [[Lagda]] (CT)|label-color1= #800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1=#A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2<br />
|mark-coord2={{coord|23|21|55|N|86|21|40|E}} | label-pos2=top|label2=Raghabpur| numbered2=CT| mark-title2= [[Raghabpur]] (CT)<br />
|mark-coord3={{coord|23|21|16|N|86|29|8|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3=Hutmura| numbered3=CT| mark-title3= [[Hutmura]] (CT)<br />
|mark-coord4={{coord|23|7|0|N|86|13|12|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4=Balarampur| numbered4=CT| mark-title4= [[Balarampur, Purulia]] (CT)<br />
|mark-coord5={{coord|23|20|15|N|86|21|36|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5= Purulia| numbered5=M| mark-title5= Purulia (M)|shape-color5=black| label-size5=13|label-color5=black <!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors --><br />
|mark-coord6={{coord|23|16|43|N|86|26|32|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6=Anaijambad| numbered6=H| mark-title6= [[Anaijambad]] (H) |shape-color6=#AA6666<br />
|mark-coord7={{coord|23|19|52|N|86|10|20|E}} | label-pos7=right|label7=Arsha| numbered7=R| mark-title7= [[Arsha, Purulia]] (R) |shape-color7=#C42222<br />
|mark-coord8={{coord|23|5|10|N|86|14|2|E}} | label-pos8=right|label8=Baghadih| numbered8=R| mark-title8= [[Baghadih]] (R) |shape-color8=#C42222<br />
|mark-coord9={{coord|23|21|28|N|86|23|14|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9=Bongabari| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Bongabari]] (R) |shape-color9=#C42222<br />
|mark-coord10={{coord|23|14|23|N|86|19|32|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10=Chakaltor| numbered10=R| mark-title10= [[Chakaltor]] (R) |shape-color10=#C42222<br />
|mark-coord11={{coord|23|18|55|N|86|20|10|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11=Chakda| numbered11=R| mark-title11= [[Chakda, Purulia]] (R) |shape-color11=#C42222<br />
|mark-coord12={{coord|23|22|52|N|86|25|1|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12=Chharra| numbered12=H| mark-title12= [[Chharra, Purulia]] (H) |shape-color12=#AA6666<br />
|mark-coord13={{coord|23|18|16|N|86|36|43|E}} | label-pos13=left|label13=Daldali| numbered13=R| mark-title13= [[Daldali]] (R) |shape-color13=#C42222<br />
|mark-coord14={{coord|23|18|0|N|86|39|0|E}} | label-pos14=right|label14=Hura| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[Hura, Purulia]] (R) |shape-color14=#C42222<br />
|mark-coord15={{coord|23|16|10|N|86|11|34|E}} | label-pos15=right|label15=Sirkabad| numbered15=R| mark-title15= [[Sirkabad]] (R) |shape-color15=#C42222<br />
|mark-coord16={{coord|23|20|45|N|86|24|22|E}} | label-pos16=right|label16=Hatuara| numbered16=R| mark-title16= [[Hatuara]] (R) |shape-color16=#C42222<br />
|mark-coord17={{coord|23|22|55|N|86|7|52|E}} | label-pos17=right|label17=Deulghata| numbered17=H| mark-title17= [[Deulghata]] (H) |shape-color17=#AA6666<br />
|mark-coord18={{coord|23|21|40|N|86|20|23|E}} | label-pos18=left|label18= Sidho Kanho Birsha University| numbered18=F| mark-title18= [[Sidho Kanho Birsha University]] (F) |shape-color18=#967117<br />
|mark-coord19={{coord|23|21|0|N|86|20|27|E}} | label-pos19=left|label19= Sainik School| numbered19=F| mark-title19= [[Sainik School, Purulia]] (F) |shape-color19=#967117<br />
|mark-coord20={{coord|23.2487|86.4524}}| label20=Kangsabati River| label-color20 = #77A1CB| label-angle20=15| label-pos20=top| label-size20=10| mark-size20=0| mark-title20 =none<br />
|mark-coord21={{coord|23.1894|N|86.1528|E}}| label21= Ajodhya |labela21= Hills| label-color21 = #C42222 | label-angle21=0| label-pos21=bottom| label-size21=10| mark-size21=0| mark-title21 =none}}<br />
<br />
===Location===<br />
Purulia is located at {{coord|23.33|N|86.37|E|}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/Puruliya.html|title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Puruliya, India}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 228&nbsp;metres (748&nbsp;feet).<br />
<br />
===Area overview===<br />
Purulia district forms the lowest step of the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]]. The general scenario is undulating land with scattered hills. [[Purulia Sadar subdivision]] covers the central portion of the district. 83.80% of the population of the subdivision lives in rural areas. The map alongside shows some urbanization around Purulia city. 18.58% of the population, the highest among the subdivisions of the district, lives in urban areas. There are 4 census towns in the subdivision. The [[Kangsabati River|Kangsabati]] (locally called Kansai) flows through the subdivision. The subdivision has old temples, some of them belonging to the 11th century or earlier. The focus is on education - the university, the sainik school, the Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith at [[Bongabari]], the upcoming medical college at [[Hatuara]], et al.<ref>[[John Wardle Houlton|Sir John Houlton]], ''Bihar, the Heart of India'', 1949, p. 170, Orient Longmans Ltd.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 12 January 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Puruliya, Series 20, Part XII A| work= Deulghat - Pages 99-100: Brief Description of Places of Religious, Historical or Archaeological Importance and Places of Tourist Importance of the District |publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 21 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Puruliya, Series 20, Part XII A| work= Charra - Page 103: Brief Description of Places of Religious, Historical or Archaeological Importance and Places of Tourist Importance of the District |publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 21 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://skbu.ac.in/ |title = Sidho-Kano-Birsha University |publisher= SKBU | access-date = 17 January 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://sainikschoolpurulia.com/| title = Sainik School Purulia| publisher = SSP |access-date = 1 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/west-bengals-rkm-college-bags-highest-naac-grade/articleshow/72731937.cms | title = West Bengal's RKM college bags highest NAAC grade| newspaper = The Times of India| date = 16 December 2019| publisher = The Times of India, 16 December 2019 |access-date = 31 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://pgmch.edu.in/home|title = Purulia Government Medical College & Hospital |publisher= PGMCH | access-date = 17 January 2020 }}</ref><br />
<br />
The area is served by the [[Purulia Junction railway station]].<br />
<br />
<small>Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.</small><br />
<br />
===Climate===<br />
Summers are hot and dry, with temperatures ranging from lows of 23&nbsp;°C to highs above 38&nbsp;°C. Winters are dry and cool, with daily temperatures ranging from 12&nbsp;°C to 26&nbsp;°C. Most of the rainfall occurs during the wet monsoons.<br />
<br />
{{Weather box<br />
| location = Purulia (1991–2020, extremes 1901–2020) <br />
| metric first = yes<br />
| single line = yes<br />
| width = auto<br />
| Jan record high C = 33.4<br />
| Feb record high C = 37.3<br />
| Mar record high C = 41.7<br />
| Apr record high C = 46.0<br />
| May record high C = 46.3<br />
| Jun record high C = 46.2<br />
| Jul record high C = 40.7<br />
| Aug record high C = 37.8<br />
| Sep record high C = 39.0<br />
| Oct record high C = 36.3<br />
| Nov record high C = 35.1<br />
| Dec record high C = 33.3<br />
| year record high C = 46.3<br />
| Jan high C = 24.2<br />
| Feb high C = 28.2<br />
| Mar high C = 33.1<br />
| Apr high C = 37.4<br />
| May high C = 37.9<br />
| Jun high C = 35.2<br />
| Jul high C = 31.9<br />
| Aug high C = 31.6<br />
| Sep high C = 31.8<br />
| Oct high C = 31.4<br />
| Nov high C = 28.7<br />
| Dec high C = 25.0<br />
| year high C = 31.3<br />
| Jan low C = 11.8<br />
| Feb low C = 15.4<br />
| Mar low C = 19.8<br />
| Apr low C = 24.2<br />
| May low C = 25.9<br />
| Jun low C = 26.0<br />
| Jul low C = 25.6<br />
| Aug low C = 25.5<br />
| Sep low C = 24.8<br />
| Oct low C = 22.2<br />
| Nov low C = 17.2<br />
| Dec low C = 12.8<br />
| year low C = 20.9<br />
| Jan record low C = 3.8<br />
| Feb record low C = 6.3<br />
| Mar record low C = 10.7<br />
| Apr record low C = 13.5<br />
| May record low C = 15.6<br />
| Jun record low C = 18.3<br />
| Jul record low C = 17.8<br />
| Aug record low C = 17.2<br />
| Sep record low C = 17.0<br />
| Oct record low C = 13.2<br />
| Nov record low C = 7.7<br />
| Dec record low C = 5.7<br />
| year record low C = 3.8<br />
| rain colour = green<br />
| Jan rain mm = 19.7<br />
| Feb rain mm = 15.3<br />
| Mar rain mm = 25.8<br />
| Apr rain mm = 39.7<br />
| May rain mm = 81.9<br />
| Jun rain mm = 250.6<br />
| Jul rain mm = 341.2<br />
| Aug rain mm = 295.8<br />
| Sep rain mm = 241.7<br />
| Oct rain mm = 92.9<br />
| Nov rain mm = 19.3<br />
| Dec rain mm = 13.6<br />
| year rain mm = 1437.5<br />
| Jan rain days = 1.7<br />
| Feb rain days = 1.3<br />
| Mar rain days = 2.5<br />
| Apr rain days = 2.9<br />
| May rain days = 5.5<br />
| Jun rain days = 12.6<br />
| Jul rain days = 16.4<br />
| Aug rain days = 15.3<br />
| Sep rain days = 10.5<br />
| Oct rain days = 4.3<br />
| Nov rain days = 0.9<br />
| Dec rain days = 1.0<br />
| year rain days = 75.0<br />
| time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| Jan humidity = 52<br />
| Feb humidity = 43<br />
| Mar humidity = 36<br />
| Apr humidity = 36<br />
| May humidity = 48<br />
| Jun humidity = 66<br />
| Jul humidity = 77<br />
| Aug humidity = 79<br />
| Sep humidity = 75<br />
| Oct humidity = 68<br />
| Nov humidity = 59<br />
| Dec humidity = 57<br />
| year humidity = 58<br />
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref>{{cite web<br />
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf<br />
| title = Climatological Tables of Observatories in India 1991-2020<br />
| publisher = [[India Meteorological Department]]<br />
| access-date = April 8, 2024<br />
}}</ref><ref name=IMDnormals><br />
{{cite web<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf<br />
| archive-date = 5 February 2020<br />
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf<br />
| title = Station: Purulia Climatological Table 1981–2010<br />
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010<br />
| publisher = India Meteorological Department<br />
| date = January 2015<br />
| pages = 633–634<br />
| access-date = 18 January 2021}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes><br />
{{cite web<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf<br />
| archive-date = 5 February 2020<br />
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf<br />
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)<br />
| publisher = India Meteorological Department<br />
| date = December 2016<br />
| page = M239<br />
| access-date = 18 January 2021}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Administration==<br />
===Police stations===<br />
[[File:Purulia District Court in Purulia town 05.jpg|left|thumb|Purulia District Court]]<br />
Purulia (Town) police station has jurisdiction over Purulia municipality and parts of [[Purulia I]] and [[Purulia II]] CD Blocks. The area covered is 13.9&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and the population covered is 151,210.<ref name="handbook2014">{{cite web |url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php/ | title=District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia|work=Tables 2.1, 2.2|publisher=Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729135056/http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php|archive-date=29 July 2017|url-status=usurped|access-date=8 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://puruliapolice.org/ps/purulia-town/ |title = Purulia (Town) PS | publisher= Purulia District Police | access-date = 8 October 2016}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Demographics==<br />
{{Historical populations<br />
|1872|5696<br />
|1881|9305<br />
|1891|12128<br />
|1901|17291<br />
|1911|20886<br />
|source = [[Census of India]]<ref>{{citation|title=Census of India 1901 vol.6-A (Lower Probinces of Bengal and their feudatoties); pt.2 (Imperial tables) |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.30991/page/n7/mode/1up |page=16}}</ref>}}<br />
<br />
===Languages===<br />
{{Pie chart<br />
|thumb = right<br />
|caption = Languages spoken in Purulia city (2011)<ref>[https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16T/DDW-C16-TOWN-STMT-MDDS-2000.XLSX 2011 census data] censusindia.gov.in</ref><br />
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<br />
|value1= 83.6<br />
|label2= [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<br />
|value2=10.51 <br />
|label3 = [[Urdu language|Urdu]]<br />
|value3 = 4.44 <br />
|label4 = [[Santali language|Santali]]<br />
|value4 =0.32<br />
|label5 = [[Marwari language|Marwari]]<br />
|value5= 0.30<br />
|other =yes<br />
|other-color = black <br />
}}<br />
<br />
Purulia (Muffasil) police station has jurisdiction over parts of [[Purulia I]] and [[Purulia II]] CD Blocks. The area covered is 434.57&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and the population covered is 235,853.<ref name="handbook2014" /><ref>{{cite web| url = https://puruliapolice.org/ps/puruliam-ps/ |title = Purulia (Muffasil) PS | publisher= Purulia District Police | access-date = 8 October 2016}}</ref><br />
<br />
Purulia Sadar Women police station was opened in 2014 at Bhatbandh, As of 2016, it is covering the jurisdiction of Purulia (T) PS, Purulia (M) PS, Kotshila PS, Arsha PS, Jhalda PS and Joypur PS.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://puruliapolice.org/ps/women-ps/ |title = Purulia Sadar Women PS | publisher= Purulia District Police | access-date = 8 October 2016}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
[[File:The main building gate of Sidho Kanho Birsha University 04.jpg|thumb|Sidho Kanho Birsha University]]<br />
===University===<br />
*[[Sidho Kanho Birsha University]]<br />
<br />
===Degree colleges===<br />
*[[Raghunathpur College]]<br />
*[[Mahatma Gandhi College, Purulia]]<br />
*[[Achhruram Memorial College]]<br />
*[[Bikramjit Goswami Memorial College]]<br />
*[[Balarampur College]]<br />
*[[J.K. College, Purulia]]<br />
*[[Kashipur Michael Madhusudhan Mahavidyalaya]]<br />
*[[Nistarini Women's College]]<br />
<br />
===Engineering colleges===<br />
*[[Ramkrishna Mahato Government Engineering College]]<br />
<br />
===Medical colleges===<br />
*[[Purulia Government Medical College and Hospital]]<br />
*[[Purulia Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital]]<br />
<br />
===Polytechnic colleges===<br />
*[[Purulia Polytechnic]]<br />
<br />
===Schools===<br />
*[[Sainik School, Purulia]]<br />
*[[Purulia Zilla School]]<br />
*[[Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith, Purulia|Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith]]<br />
<br />
==Notable people==<br />
*[[Gambhir Singh Mura]]<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Purulia arms drop scandal]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*{{Wikivoyage-inline|Purulia}}<br />
<br />
{{Purulia District}}<br />
{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}<br />
{{Purulia topics}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{West Bengal}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Purulia| ]]<br />
[[Category:Cities and towns in Purulia district]]<br />
[[Category:Cities in West Bengal]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lalitha_Sivakumar&diff=466288Lalitha Sivakumar2026-03-17T02:40:53Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: minor update references after review additionally</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}<br />
{{BLP sources|date=February 2026}}<br />
{{tone|date=February 2026}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox musical artist<br />
| name = Lalitha Sivakumar<br />
| image = Lalitha Sivakumar.jpg<br />
| image_upright = <br />
| image_size = <br />
| landscape = <!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank --><br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = Smt.Lalitha Sivakumar<br />
| background = non_performing_personnel<br />
| birth_name = Lalitha<br />
| alias = <br />
| birth_date = <!-- {{birth date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people supply only the year unless the exact date is already WIDELY published, as per [[WP:DOB]] --><br />
| birth_place = Tamil Nadu, India<br />
| origin = India<br />
| death_date = <!-- {{death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date 1st) --><br />
| death_place = <br />
| genre = [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]]<br />
| occupation = Musician, Teacher, Composer, Vocalist<br />
| instrument = <br />
| years_active = 1966 - Present<br />
| label = <br />
| website = <!-- {{URL|www.example.com}} --><br />
}}<br />
'''Lalitha Sivakumar''' is a [[Carnatic music]] teacher and composer. She was known for vocally accompanying her mother-in-law and leading Carnatic vocalist, the late [[D. K. Pattammal]], in concerts,.<ref name="TheHindu070921">{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20071105072316/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2007/09/21/stories/2007092150560300.htm The Hindu : Friday Review Chennai - Columns : Life time bond with music]}}</ref> Lalitha Sivakumar is also prominently known as the mother and [[guru]] of [[Nithyashree Mahadevan]], a vocalist in Indian music.<ref name="TheHindu050520">{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100204113225/http://thehindujobs.com/thehindu/fr/2005/05/20/stories/2005052004020300.htm The Hindu : Entertainment Bangalore - Music : Proud pedigree is not all]}}</ref> She is a well known veteran guru (teacher) of the D.K.P's school of Carnatic Music.<br />
<br />
==Early life==<br />
Lalitha Sivakumar's father, [[Palghat Mani Iyer]], was a mridangist in the field of Carnatic music, and was the first mridangist to win the [[Sangeetha Kalanidhi]] and [[Padmabhushan]] awards. At the age of 18, Lalitha Sivakumar was married to I. Sivakumar, son of D. K. Pattammal. The day after the wedding, she received training in Carnatic music from D. K. Pattammal.<ref name="TheHindu070921" /><br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
Shortly thereafter, both as a solo performer and as a musician accompanying D. K. Pattammal, she received praise from several other leading Carnatic vocalists including [[D. K. Jayaraman]], [[Palghat Kollengode Viswanatha Narayanaswamy|K. V. Narayanaswamy]] and [[M. S. Subbulakshmi]]. However, her career as a solo performer was brief, and she remained content vocally accompanying her guru.<ref name="TheHindu070921" /><br />
<br />
Lalitha Sivakumar has composed, and set music to a number of [[Kriti (music)|kritis]], [[Tillana|tillanas]], and [[bhajan]]s, in a variety of Indian languages.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}<br />
<br />
Several Organisations have recognised Smt.Lalitha Sivakumar's talent and contributions to the world of Carnatic music. Recently, On Recognising that A Musical Legacy continues, Madras South Lions Charitable Trust & RASA - A.R.P.I.T.A - Academy for Research & Performance of Indian Theatre Arts, together conferred the title 'ISAI RASA MAAMANI' on Smt.Lalitha & I.Sivakumar, on 4 January 2016.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}<br />
<br />
Lalitha Sivakumar as the leader of the D.K.P. school of Carnatic Music, has taught many students from this school who have become professional performing artists. Other students who trained under her now work as music teachers in various countries. She has taught for many years and continues to instruct students in the Carnatic music traditions associated with D. K. Pattammal.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}<br />
<br />
Lalitha Sivakumar has given Advanced Carnatic Vocal Training to the students directly and also virtually for students away from India. Other than Dr.[[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], Lalitha Sivakumar's disciples also include [[Lavanya Sundararaman]] (her granddaughter),<ref name="TheHindu070921" /> Dr.Niranjana Srinivasan,<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/article68118.ece The Hindu : Arts / Music : Confident and comfortable]</ref> Pallavi Prasanna,<ref name="TheHindu080229">{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100204113225/http://thehindujobs.com/thehindu/fr/2005/05/20/stories/2005052004020300.htm The Hindu : Friday Review Chennai / Music : Judicious selection of songs]}}</ref> Nalini Krishnan, Maharajapuram Srinivasan, Dr. Periyasamy and several others.<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20040908073523/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2004/07/16/stories/2004071602390400.htm The Hindu : Well articulated concert]}}</ref><br />
<br />
As a testimony to her music knowledge, Smt. Lalitha Sivakumar is the most preferred judge for several Carnatic Music competitions and Devotional Music competitions held throughout the year in India.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sivakumar, Lalitha}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Performers of Hindu music]]<br />
[[Category:Indian women classical musicians]]<br />
[[Category:Carnatic musicians]]<br />
[[Category:Indian music educators]]<br />
[[Category:Women educators from Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:Educators from Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian educators]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian women educators]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br />
[[Category:Women musicians from Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian composers]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian women musicians]]<br />
[[Category:Indian women music educators]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century women composers]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coffea_canephora&diff=476014Coffea canephora2026-03-15T12:14:16Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: fixed issues</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Species of coffee plant}}<br />
{{Redirect|Robusta|the satellite|ROBUSTA}}<br />
<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}<br />
{{Use American English|date=January 2024}}<br />
{{Speciesbox<br />
| name = ''Coffea canephora''<br />
| image = Ripe Seeds Coffee Robusta Coorg Karnataka India Feb24 D72 25688.jpg<br />
| image_caption = Berries of ''Coffea canephora''<br />
| status = LC<br />
| status_system = IUCN3.1<br />
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Chadburn, H. |author2=Davis, A.P. |date=2017 |title=''Coffea canephora'' |volume=2017 |article-number=e.T18290186A18539466 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T18290186A18539466.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref><br />
| genus = Coffea<br />
| species = canephora<br />
| authority = [[Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre|Pierre]] ex [[Albrecht Froehner|A.Froehner]]<br />
| synonyms = ''Coffea robusta'' <small>[[Lucien Linden|L.Linden]]</small><br />
}}<br />
[[File:Coffee Singnally Coorg Jun24 A7CR 01495.jpg|thumb|Field of robusta bushes, [[Kodagu]]]]<br />
[[File:Flowers Closeup Coffee Robusta Suntikoppa Apr24 A7C 10826.jpg|thumb|Flowers close-up]]<br />
'''''Coffea canephora''''' (especially '''''C. canephora'' subvar. ''robusta''''', syn. '''''Coffea robusta''''', or commonly '''robusta coffee''') is a species of [[coffee plant]] that has its origins in central and western [[sub-Saharan Africa]]. It is a species of [[flowering plant]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Rubiaceae]]. Though widely known as ''Coffea robusta'', the plant is scientifically identified as ''Coffea canephora'', which has two main varieties, ''robusta'' and ''nganda'' (''nom. illeg.'').<ref name=Dagoon05>{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MPjMkLKebBQC&pg=PA58| title=Agriculture & Fishery Technology IV| page=58| author=J. Dagoon| publisher=Rex Bookstore, Inc.| year=2005| access-date=22 July 2011| isbn=978-971-23-4223-3}}</ref><br />
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''Coffea canephora'' represents between 40% and 45% of global [[coffee]] production, with ''[[Coffea arabica]]'' constituting most of the remainder.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Robusta coffee production 2022 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/225402/world-robusta-coffee-production/ |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=Statista |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=World Arabica coffee production 2022 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/225400/world-arabica-coffee-production/ |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=Statista |language=en}}</ref> There are several differences between the composition of [[coffee bean]]s from ''C. arabica'' and ''C. canephora''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=R Urgert and M B Katan |title=The cholesterol-raising factor from coffee beans. |journal=[[Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine]] |date=1 November 1996 |volume=89 |issue=11 |pages=618–623 |doi=10.1177/014107689608901107 |pmid=9135590 |pmc=1295997 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gaia Vince |title=Decaffeinated coffee may be harmful to heart |journal=New Scientist |date=16 November 2005 |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn8328-decaffeinated-coffee-may-be-harmful-to-heart/}} This article seems to have a mistake, using the word "diptenes" instead of "[[diterpene]]s", and also seems to contradict the above reference.</ref> Beans from ''C. canephora'' tend to have lower acidity, more bitterness, and a more woody and less fruity flavor compared to ''C. arabica'' beans.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Seninde |first=Denis Richard |last2=Chambers |first2=Edgar |date=2020-07-08 |title=Coffee Flavor: A Review |url=https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/6/3/44 |journal=Beverages |language=en |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=44 |doi=10.3390/beverages6030044 |doi-access=free|issn=2306-5710 |via=}}</ref> Most of it is used for [[instant coffee]].<br />
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== Taxonomy ==<br />
Though widely known by the [[synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] ''Coffea robusta'', the plant is currently scientifically identified as ''Coffea canephora'', which has two main varieties, ''C. canephora'' var. ''robusta'' and ''C. canephora'' var. ''nganda'' (''nom. illeg.'').<ref name=Dagoon05/> It was not recognized as a species of ''[[Coffea]]'' until 1897,<ref>{{Cite journal| last=Froehner| first=A.| date=1897| title=Übersicht über die Arten der Gattung Coffea| journal=Notizblatt des Königlichen botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin| url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28795717| lang=de| volume=1| issue=7| page=237}}</ref> over a hundred years after ''[[Coffea arabica]]''.<ref>{{Cite book| last1=Linnaeus| first1=Carl| authorlink=Carl Linnaeus| date=1753| title=Species plantarum| url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358191| lang=la| volume=1| page=172}}</ref><br />
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== Description ==<br />
[[File:Clusters Flowers Coffee Suntikoppa Apr24 A7C 10765.jpg|thumb|Clusters of robusta coffee flowers]]<br />
Robusta is a species of [[flowering plant]] in the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Rubiaceae]]. The plant has a shallow [[root system]] and grows as a robust tree or shrub to about {{convert|10|m|ft|abbr=off|sigfig=1}} tall.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rahman |first=M. G. |last2=Malek |first2=M. A. A. |last3=Hossain |first3=M. A. |last4=Islam |first4=M. |date=2024-02-21 |title=Performance Evaluation of Coffee Coffea canephora (syn. Coffea robusta) Germplasm in the Hilly Region |url=https://www.easpublisher.com/media/features_articles/CCIJAVS_61_15-18_bE3mwxJ.pdf |journal=Cross Current International Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences |volume=6 |issue=01 |pages=15–18 |doi=10.36344/ccijavs.2024.v06i01.003}}</ref> It flowers irregularly, taking about 10–11 months for [[Berry (botany)|the berries]] to ripen, producing oval-shaped beans.<br />
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The robusta plant has a greater [[crop yield]] than that of arabica, contains more [[caffeine]] (2.7% compared to arabica's 1.5%),<ref name=Nesbitt05>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=5JXBN7fqg0MC&pg=PA177 |title=The Cultural History of Plants|pages=176–177|author=Mark Nesbitt|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year= 2005 |access-date=22 July 2011|isbn=978-0-203-02090-6}}</ref> and contains less sugar (3–7% compared to arabica's 6–9%).<ref name="TheCoffeeBarrister">{{cite web |title=Understanding the Difference: Arabica vs Robusta |publisher=The Coffee Barrister |date=31 July 2016 |url=https://www.coffeeb.net/arabica-vs-robusta/ |access-date=2 August 2016 |archive-date=20 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820053209/https://www.coffeeb.net/arabica-vs-robusta/ }}</ref> As it is less susceptible to pests and disease,<ref name="DavironPonte2005">{{cite book|author1=Benoit Daviron|author2=Stefano Ponte|title=The Coffee Paradox: Global Markets, Commodity Trade and the Elusive Promise of Development|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mwpAO0J9ojgC&pg=PA51|year=2005|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=978-1-84277-457-1|page=51}}</ref> robusta needs much less herbicide and pesticide than arabica.<br />
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== Native distribution ==<br />
''C. canephora'' grows indigenously in Western and Central Africa from [[Liberia]] to [[Tanzania]] and south to [[Angola]].<ref name=Nesbitt05/> It is also reportedly [[Naturalization (biology)|naturalized]] in [[Borneo]], [[French Polynesia]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Jamaica]] and the [[Lesser Antilles]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=45464|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|website=apps.kew.org|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-08-01}}</ref> In 1927 [[Plant hybrid|a hybrid]] between robusta and arabica was found in [[Timor]]. This strain was subsequently used to breed [[coffee rust]]-resistant plants.<ref name="bbc" /><br />
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== Cultivation and use ==<br />
[[File:Canephora.jpg|thumb|Unroasted robusta beans]]<br />
[[File:Coffee drying traditional Indonesia.jpg|thumb|Traditional drying of coffee beans in Kalibaru, Indonesia]]<br />
Robusta has its origins in central and western [[sub-Saharan Africa]].<ref name=Dagoon05/> It is easy to care for, has a greater [[crop yield]], has almost double the amount of caffeine and more antioxidants,<ref>{{cite journal | title = Antioxidant activity, polyphenols, caffeine and melanoidins in soluble coffee: The influence of processing conditions and raw material| first1=J. A. | last1=Vignoli | first2=D. G. | last2= Bassoli | first3=M. T. | last3=Benassi | journal=Food Chemistry | volume=124 | issue=3 | year=2011 | pages=863–868 | doi=10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.07.008}}</ref> and is less susceptible to disease than [[arabica coffea]].<ref name="bbc">{{cite web|last1=Penarredonda|first1=Jose Luis|title=The disease that could change how we drink coffee |url=http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20171106-the-disease-that-could-change-how-we-drink-coffee |date = 6 November 2017 |website=BBC: In depth, Food |access-date=23 November 2017}}</ref> It represents 43% of global coffee production, with arabica constituting the remainder except for the 1.5% constituted by ''[[Coffea liberica]]''.<ref name="CoffeeProduction">{{cite web |title=Coffee: World Markets and Trade |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture – Foreign Agricultural Service |date=December 2019 |url=https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-esmis/files/m900nt40f/sq87c919h/8w32rm91m/coffee.pdf |access-date=8 May 2020}}</ref><br />
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It is mostly [[Coffee production in Vietnam|grown in Vietnam]], where French colonists introduced it in the late 19th century, though it is also grown in India, Africa, [[Coffee production in Brazil|and in Brazil]], where the ''conilon'' variety is widely grown.<ref name=Horowitz04>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=GYZaVvtGJ4sC&pg=PA41 |title=Insect pest management: field and protected crops |page=41|author=A. Rami Horowitz|publisher=Springer|year= 2004 |access-date=23 August 2011|isbn=978-3-540-20755-9 }}</ref> In recent years,{{when|date=January 2024}} Vietnam, which produces mostly robusta, has become the world's largest exporter of robusta coffee, accounting for over 40% of the total production.<ref name="CoffeeProduction" /> It surpasses Brazil (25% of the world's production), [[Coffee production in Indonesia|Indonesia]] (13%), [[Coffee production in India|India]] (5%), and Uganda (5%).<ref name="CoffeeProduction" /> <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-18 |title=A Guide to Coffee Flavors from 16 Countries |url=https://icosabrewhouse.com/blogs/news/a-guide-to-coffee-flavors-from-16-countries |access-date=2026-03-10 |website=ICOSA Brewhouse |language=en}}</ref>Brazil is still the biggest coffee producer in the world, producing one-third of the world's coffee, though 69% of that is ''C. arabica''.<ref name="CoffeeProduction" /><br />
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Since Robusta is easier to care for and has a greater crop yield than ''C. arabica'', it is cheaper to produce.<ref name=Miyanari08>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=84mcxGe5WtsC&pg=PA7 |title=Aloha Coffee Island |first=Walter |last=Miyanari |page=7|publisher=Savant Books & Publications |year=2008 |access-date=13 December 2011|isbn=978-0-615-18348-0 }}</ref> Roasted robusta beans produce a strong, full-bodied coffee with a distinctive earthy flavour, but usually with more bitterness than arabica due to its [[pyrazine]] content.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=2_WbE3gaDH0C&q=robusta++earthy+flavour&pg=PT83 |title=Food Flavour Technology |author= Andrew J. Taylor, Robert Linforth |page=68|publisher=John Wiley and Sons |year= 2010 |access-date=13 December 2011|isbn=978-1-4443-1778-7 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lxbz7TG5wwAC&pg=PA799 |title=Coffee: Growing, Processing, Sustainable Production: A Guidebook for Growers |page=799 |first=Jean Nicolas |last=Wintgens |publisher=Wiley-VCH |year=2009 |access-date=13 December 2011 |isbn=978-3-527-32286-2 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Since arabica beans are presumed to have smoother taste with more acidity and a richer flavour, they are often considered superior, while the harsher robusta beans are mostly used as a filler in lower-grade coffee blends.<ref name=Miyanari08/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Roasting and grinding - Coffee & Health |url=https://www.coffeeandhealth.org/about-coffee/roasting-grinding |access-date=2026-03-10 |website=www.coffeeandhealth.org}}</ref> However, the powerful flavour can be desirable in a blend to give it perceived "strength" and "finish", notably in [[Italian coffee culture]]. Good-quality robusta beans are used in traditional Italian [[espresso]] blends to provide a full-bodied taste and a better foam head (known as ''[[crema foam|crema]]'').<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Peluso |first=Mariano |date=2024-06-28 |title=Regional Variations in Italian Coffee Culture: Historical Influences and Contemporary Preferences for Robusta-Arabica Blends |url=https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/109/1/9 |journal=Proceedings |language=en |publisher=MDPI |pages=9 |doi=10.3390/ICC2024-18022 |doi-access=free}}</ref><br />
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== See also ==<br />
*''[[Coffea arabica]]''<br />
*''[[Coffea charrieriana]]''<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
== External links ==<br />
{{Commons category|Coffea canephora}}<br />
{{Wikispecies|Coffea canephora}}<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090324155957/http://www.ico.org/botanical.asp Comparison Chart of Robusta to Arabica] (archived 24 March 2009)<br />
*[http://www.ineedcoffee.com/02/vietnam/ Robusta Coffee in Vietnam]<br />
*[http://www.beanground.com/difference-between-arabica-and-robusta/ The Difference Between Arabica and Robusta?]<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120331180727/http://dev.ico.org/prices/m1.htm Jan 2008 ICO break down of all Coffee exports] (archived 31 March 2012)<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080322175921/http://dev.ico.org/prices/m1a.htm Jan 2008 ICO break down of Green Coffee exports] (archived 22 March 2008)<br />
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{{Coffee}}<br />
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{{Authority control}}<br />
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[[Category:Coffea|canephora]]<br />
[[Category:Flora of West Tropical Africa]]<br />
[[Category:Flora of West-Central Tropical Africa]]<br />
[[Category:Flora of East Tropical Africa]]<br />
[[Category:Flora of Angola]]<br />
[[Category:Flora of Nigeria]]<br />
[[Category:Flora of Sudan]]<br />
[[Category:Crops originating from Africa]]<br />
[[Category:Plants described in 1897]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mauka_Mauka&diff=516888Mauka Mauka2026-03-14T09:11:54Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: new new info</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Indian television advertising campaign}}<br />
{{italic title}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}<br />
'''''Mauka Mauka''''' is a 2015 Indian [[television advertisement]] [[Advertising campaign|campaign]] created by [[Star Sports (Indian TV network)|Star Sports India]] to promote its TV broadcast of the [[2015 Cricket World Cup]]. Although initially planned as a standalone advert for the India–Pakistan group stage match, following the overwhelming positive response for the first video, the channel made a series of adverts for each of India's matches at the 2015 World Cup.<br />
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==Sequence==<br />
===India–Pakistan advert===<br />
''Mauka Mauka'' begins in March 1992 with a young Pakistani cricket supporter in [[Karachi]] saving up firecrackers to burst when Pakistan is about to beat India at the World Cup. He is disappointed as his team loses the match and at being unable to light the firecrackers. The video shows him grow older over the years, still saving up the firecrackers and waiting for his mauka (chance) to burst them, while his team fails to defeat India in any of the subsequent World Cups. The video ends at the conclusion of the [[India v Pakistan (2011 Cricket World Cup)|2011 World Cup semi-final]] with the supporter, who is now married and has a child, asking his son in anguish, "Kab phodenge yaar?" (When will we burst the crackers, buddy?).<ref>{{cite news|last1=Vishwanathan|first1=Siddharth|title=Cricket Promos: Seven Best And Worst in Broadcasting|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/news/sports/cricket-promos-seven-best-and-worst-in-broadcasting-235179.html|accessdate=20 July 2017|work=indiatimes.com|date=23 July 2015}}</ref> The advert is a reference to Pakistan losing to India in all five meetings at the World Cup prior to 2015.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|last1=Malu|first1=Preksha|title=When life gave them a 'mauka' they made it a chauka|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-when-life-gave-them-a-mauka-they-made-it-a-chauka-2066645|accessdate=26 June 2017|work=DNA India|date=7 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=#PleaseTakeItBack: India hits raw nerve with World Cup ad|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/835009/pleasetakeitback-india-hit-raw-nerve-with-world-cup-ad/|accessdate=15 July 2017|work=The Express Tribune|date=8 February 2015}}</ref><br />
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===Subsequent adverts===<br />
Following India's win over Pakistan, two South African fans come to a Pakistani fan's house, gift him firecrackers and sing "Mauka Mauka", reminding him of India's failure to defeat South Africa at the World Cup.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tables turned: The 'mauka mauka' joke is now on South Africa|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150219/sports-cricket/article/mauka-mauka-joke-south-africa|access-date=16 August 2017|work=Deccan Chronicle|date=19 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=World Cup: Chance for West Indies vs India in new 'Mauka' ad|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/world-cup-2015/story/world-cup-2015-mauka-mauka-video-242451-2015-02-28|access-date=16 August 2017|work=India Today|date=28 February 2015}}</ref> In the next advert, the Pakistani supporter is seen wearing a South African jersey and watching the India–South Africa match with the two South African supporters. He removes and throws the jersey in frustration after India wins the match, before an Emirati supporter shows up at his doorstep and gives him a UAE jersey. In the following sequence, the 2 South African Supporters and the Pakistani supporter, now in UAE jersey and with Emirati supporter, watches India beat UAE. He then receives home delivery of a West Indies jersey, soon after which an Indian supporter rings his doorbell and tells him that he will be unable to burst the firecrackers and asks him to play [[Holi]] instead on India–West Indies match day (as the festival fell on the same day).<ref name=quartz/><br />
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The Pakistani supporter is then seen roaming around the streets of [[Mumbai]] in an Indian jersey, carrying his box of firecrackers and walking into Star Sports' office, much to the surprise of cricket analyst [[Harsha Bhogle]]. [[Aakash Chopra]] then reminds Bhogle in front of Pakistani fan that Pakistan will get a chance (referred to as Mauka, to tease the Pakistani fan) to enter the quarter-finals if India beat Ireland in their next match. The supporter switches back to his Pakistan jersey after his team wins its next match.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Zaki Iqbal|first1=Aadil Ikram|title=Latest Mauka Mauka promo ad by Star Sports: Pakistan fan celebrates his country's undying spirit in ICC World Cup 2015|url=http://www.india.com/icc-cricket-world-cup-2015/latest-mauka-mauka-promo-ad-by-star-sports-pakistan-fan-celebrates-his-countrys-undying-spirit-in-icc-world-cup-2015-311079/|accessdate=16 August 2017|work=india.com|date=9 March 2015}}</ref> He then hears Chopra saying that Pakistan are not yet through to the knockout stage as a big defeat in their last group game to Ireland could see them exit the World Cup.{{citation needed|date=September 2022}}<br />
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Ahead of the Bangladesh–India quarter-final match, an advert featuring a group of Indian supporters in a [[jugalbandi]] against a team supporters of rest of the teams, including the Pakistani supporter, was released, having a "World vs India" theme.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bose|first1=Adrija|title=Watch: The New Mauka Mauka Ad Will Make You Smile|url=http://www.ndtv.com/offbeat/watch-the-new-mauka-ad-makes-you-smile-747947|accessdate=16 August 2017|work=NDTV|date=19 March 2015}}</ref> The advertisement campaign ended with India's defeat to Australia in the semi-final, with an advert featuring [[Salman Khan]] promoting the second season of the [[Pro Kabaddi League]] being aired during the match.<ref>{{cite news|title=Salman Khan joins Mauka Mauka campaign|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/859302/salman-khan-joins-mauka-mauka-campaign/|accessdate=16 August 2017|work=The Express Tribune|date=26 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=What is Salman Khan doing in the latest 'Mauka Mauka' ad?|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/top-stories/story/india-vs-australia-world-cup-semi-final-match-salman-khan-mauka-mauka-ad-245981-2015-03-26|access-date=16 August 2017|work=India Today|date=26 March 2015}}</ref> However there was a final ad that was shot. The advert never released as India failed to make it to the finals but it was leaked on the internet. In the unreleased advertisement Indian supporters are seen composing the Mauka Mauka tune and the advert ends with [[Ranbir Kapoor]] saying "Yeh hai Aahkiri Mauka" (This is the last chance).{{citation needed|date=September 2022}}<br />
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==Production==<br />
The advert for the India-Pakistan match was made by a crew of ten people and completed in five days. The production crew consisted of members of Bubblewrap Films, an ad film production house in Mumbai, as well as two freelance music directors Vinayak Salvi and Rohan Utpat who were on-boarded two days before the shoot. Salvi said, "According to the brief, we gave it a Pakistani flavour, making it like a contemporary [[qawwali]]." According to Utpat, they did not use subcontinent cricket terms like chauka ([[Boundary (cricket)|boundary]]) to make it "a more universal emotion."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ghosh|first1=Sankhayan|title=Seizing a Mauka|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/seizing-a-mauka/|accessdate=26 June 2017|work=The Indian Express|date=14 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Balakrishnan|first1=Ravi|title='Mauka Mauka': How some of ICC World Cup 2015's most-liked ads were created|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/brand-equity/mauka-mauka-how-some-of-icc-world-cup-2015s-most-liked-ads-were-created/articleshow/46675553.cms|accessdate=13 July 2017|work=Economic Times|date=25 March 2015}}</ref> The director of Bubblewrap Films, Suresh Triveni said, "We wanted a song that would make sense even without the video. So no cricketing terms were used. The song has strains of [[Sufi music|Sufi]] and qawwali in a ''[[Coke Studio (India)|Coke Studio]]'' style and the lyrics give the idea of a wanderer in search of the almighty."<ref name=once>{{cite news|last1=Dundoo|first1=Sangeetha Devi|title=Once in a lifetime 'mauka'|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/the-maukamauka-campaign-its-spoofs-and-response-videos-are-adding-the-fun-quotient-to-world-cup-2015/article6986268.ece|accessdate=15 July 2017|work=The Hindu|date=12 March 2015}}</ref> The Star Sports' creative team - Juju Basu, Mustafa Rangwala, Prathamesh Sapte, Ajeet Mestry and Rohit Khanna <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bestmediainfo.com/2015/02/star-sports-doesnt-miss-the-mauka-with-a-quick-comeback/|title=Star Sports doesn't miss the 'Mauka' with a quick comeback|website=www.bestmediaifo.com|access-date=2018-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.startv.com/join-our-journey/we-create/mauka-mauka/|title=Mauka Mauka Ad Campaign during World Cup 2015 - Star India|website=www.startv.com|language=en|access-date=2018-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adageindia.in/marketing/cmo-strategy/is-stars-mauka-mauka-the-greatest-cricket-campaign-ever/articleshow/46664736.cms|title=Ad Age Homepage - Ad Age|website=www.adageindia.in|language=en|access-date=2018-05-16}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.adageindia.in/marketing/cmo-strategy/can-sabsebadamoh-recreate-the-mauka-mauka-magic-for-star-sports/articleshow/58721846.cms|title=Ad Age Homepage - Ad Age|website=www.adageindia.in|language=en|access-date=2018-05-16}}</ref> from marketing came up with the "Mauka" idea and subsequent scripts while the lyrics for the [[jingle]] was penned by Vikas Dubey (also from Star Sports).<ref name=afaqs>{{cite news|title=Meet the team behind Star Sports' 'Mauka Mauka' films|url=http://www.afaqs.com/news/story/43502_Meet-the-team-behind-Star-Sports-Mauka-Mauka-films|accessdate=15 July 2017|work=afaqs!|date=5 March 2015}}</ref><br />
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Triveni picked Vishal Malhotra to play the character of the Pakistani supporter.<ref name=once/> The music composers approached [[Chandigarh]]-based singer [[Alamgir Khan (singer)|Alamgir Khan]] to record the jingle for the advert. Khan, who had previously collaborated on the soundtracks of [[Bollywood]] films such as ''[[Bodyguard (2011 Hindi film)|Bodyguard]]'' and ''[[Shaadi Ke Side Effects]]'', revealed that he was reluctant to sing the jingle for the advert and that the producers had to convince him hard.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bedi|first1=Aneesha|title=I have never been a cricket buff, says Mauka Mauka singer|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/i-have-never-been-a-cricket-buff-says-mauka-mauka-singer/story-KgTwXkUXp9v7rtNySNIszK.html|accessdate=15 July 2017|work=Hindustan Times|date=15 April 2015}}</ref> The song was composed and sung in a day, and the agency completed the shoot of the advert within five days, after which post-production was carried out.<ref name=once/><br />
<br />
==Reception==<br />
The advert for the India–Pakistan match received positive reviews in India, but Pakistanis "ran afoul and used every possible media front to oppose the campaign." ''[[The Express Tribune]]'' wrote that the campaign "had successfully ignited a ‘healthy’ sporting rivalry in the most subtle way as possible."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Siddiqui|first1=Taimoor|title=The 'Mauka Mauka' conundrum – genius or what?|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/859910/the-mauka-mauka-conundrum-genius-or-what/|accessdate=13 July 2017|work=The Express Tribune|date=27 March 2015}}</ref> Regarding the positive response for the jingle, Khan said in a TV show, "I never thought this would become such a popular jingle. It is on everybody’s lips these days. I have been told that the Indian team in Australia has also liked it very much."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kanthwal|first1=Gaurav|title=Mauke pe chauka!|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/life-style/gyan-zone/mauke-pe-chauka/54814.html|accessdate=20 July 2017|work=The Tribune|date=17 March 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
After the first advert went viral on social media with over 12 million online views,<ref name=quartz>{{cite news|last1=Walia|first1=Shelly|title=MAUKA MAUKA: STAR Sports is already a winner at the cricket World Cup|url=https://qz.com/353334/star-sports-is-already-a-winner-at-the-cricket-world-cup/|accessdate=20 July 2017|work=Quartz India|date=3 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Goyal|first1=Samarth|title=Meet Vishal Malhotra, the Pakistani cricket fan in Mauka Mauka ad|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/tv/meet-vishal-malhotra-the-pakistani-cricket-fan-in-mauka-mauka-ad/story-Q54BXpwQNHQQWj1IR7qIQO.html|accessdate=15 July 2017|work=Hindustan Times|date=18 March 2015}}</ref> the team at Star Sports<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mauka Mauka Ad Campaign for World Cup 2015 - Star India|url=https://www.startv.com/join-our-journey/we-create/mauka-mauka/|access-date=2021-10-18|website=www.startv.com|language=en}}</ref> decided to turn it into a campaign by scripting adverts for all of India's subsequent matches in a storyline format. The production house shot two versions for each match–one for India winning the previous match and one for India losing it–and released the appropriate version as soon as the previous match concluded.<ref>{{cite news|title=Storyboard: The 'Mauka Mauka' story|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/trends/features-2/storyboard-the-mauka-mauka-story-1176833.html|accessdate=15 July 2017|work=moneycontrol.com|date=1 March 2015}}</ref><ref name=afaqs/> Many spoof and response videos from creators like [[The Viral Fever|TVF]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-02-28|title=Watch: Mauka Mauka India version from TVF for India's journey in the World Cup 2015|url=https://www.crictracker.com/watch-mauka-mauka-india-version-from-tvf-for-indias-journey-in-the-world-cup-2015/|access-date=2021-10-18|website=CricTracker|language=en}}</ref> and V Seven Pictures emerged across social media platforms and [[YouTube]], during and after the World Cup.<ref name=once/><br />
<br />
The day after India's defeat to Australia in the semi-final, there were reports of a large number of Pakistani and Bangladeshi fans calling up [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]]'s headquarters and mockingly singing "''Mauka mauka! Kya hua mauke ka?''" (What happened to the opportunity?), forcing BCCI to disconnect the lines.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Pandey|first1=Devendra|title=Day after, callers from Pak, Bangladesh rub it in: dial BCCI, sing 'mauka mauka'|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket-world-cup/2328491/day-after-callers-from-pak-bangladesh-rub-it-in-dial-bcci-sing-mauka-mauka/|accessdate=16 August 2017|work=The Indian Express|date=28 March 2015}}</ref> Pakistani cricketer [[Shahid Afridi]] also sang the jingle on a TV show after India's World Cup exit.<ref>{{cite news|title=Shahid Afridi pokes fun at Team India; sings 'Mauka Mauka' on TV show|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/sport/video-shahid-afridi-pokes-fun-at-team-india-sings-mauka-mauka-on-tv-show-2073599|accessdate=16 August 2017|work=DNA India|date=31 March 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
The whole ad campaign garnered more than 30 million views across the world. [[Forbes]] Magazine listed it amongst the 5 Best Sports Marketing Campaigns That Went Viral In 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Fidelman|first=Mark|title=Here Are 5 Of The Best Sports Marketing Campaigns That Went Viral In 2015|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/markfidelman/2015/06/09/here-are-5-of-the-best-sports-marketing-campaigns-that-went-viral-in-2015/|access-date=2021-10-18|website=Forbes|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
In 2017, following Pakistan's victory over India in the [[2017 ICC Champions Trophy Final|Champions Trophy final]], [[Sarfraz Ahmed]] sang ''Mauka Mauka'' during victory celebrations outside his home in [[Karachi]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Sarfraz sings Mauka Mauka after returning home victorious|url=https://arynews.tv/en/sarfraz-sings-mauka-mauka-after-returning-home-victorious/|accessdate=22 August 2017|work=[[ARY News]]|date=20 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=ICC Champions trophy : Sarfraz Ahmed trolls India over Mauka Mauka song|url=http://www.oneindia.com/videos/icc-champions-trophy-sarfraz-ahmed-trolls-india-over-mauka-mauka-song-198897.html|accessdate=22 August 2017|work=[[Oneindia]]|date=22 June 2017}}</ref> An advert called ''[[No issue, lelo tissue]]'', seen as a response to ''Mauka Mauka'', was reportedly aired across several Pakistani TV channels after the match.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hassan Dawar, the man behind the viral 'no issue, le lo tissue' ad |url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2017/06/21/hassan-dawar-the-man-behind-the-viral-no-issue-le-lo-tissue-ad/ |accessdate=9 September 2018 |work=Pakistan Today |date=21 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kanaujia |first1=Rachit |title=Pakistan fans offer Indian fans 'tissues' after finally getting 'mauka' |url=http://www.india.com/sports/pakistan-fans-offer-indian-fans-tissues-after-finally-getting-mauka-2253583/ |accessdate=9 September 2018 |work=india.com |date=20 June 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[India–Pakistan cricket rivalry]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{YouTube|Za4qBpSQb9A|Mauka Mauka (India vs Pakistan)}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Indian television commercials]]<br />
[[Category:Advertising campaigns]]<br />
[[Category:Indian advertising slogans]]<br />
[[Category:Jingles]]<br />
[[Category:Catchphrases]]<br />
[[Category:Quotations from sports]]<br />
[[Category:India–Pakistan relations in popular culture]]<br />
[[Category:Cricket culture]]<br />
[[Category:2015 in Indian sport]]<br />
[[Category:2015 in cricket]]<br />
[[Category:2015 quotations]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Fault_in_Our_Stars_(film)&diff=464485The Fault in Our Stars (film)2026-03-11T17:19:03Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: add citations for clarity and updated info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|2014 romantic drama film}}<br />
{{Good article}}<br />
{{Use American English|date=September 2019}}<br />
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = The Fault in Our Stars<br />
| image = The Fault in Our Stars (Official Film Poster).png<br />
| alt = Movie poster featuring Shailene Woodley and Ansel Elgort in character<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = [[Josh Boone (director)|Josh Boone]]<br />
| producer = {{plainlist|<br />
* [[Wyck Godfrey]]<br />
* Marty Bowen<br />
}}<br />
| screenplay = {{plainlist|<br />
* [[Scott Neustadter]]<br />
* [[Michael H. Weber]]<br />
}}<br />
| based_on = {{based on|''[[The Fault in Our Stars]]''|[[John Green]]}}<br />
| starring = {{plainlist|<br />
* [[Shailene Woodley]] <br />
* [[Ansel Elgort]]<br />
* [[Laura Dern]]<br />
* [[Sam Trammell]]<br />
* [[Nat Wolff]]<br />
* [[Willem Dafoe]]<br />
}}<br />
| music = {{plainlist|<br />
* [[Mike Mogis]]<br />
* [[Nate Walcott|Nathaniel Walcott]]<br />
}}<br />
| cinematography = [[Ben Richardson]]<br />
| editing = Robb Sullivan<br />
| studio = {{plainlist|<br />
* [[Fox 2000 Pictures]]<br />
* [[Temple Hill Entertainment]]<br />
}}<br />
| distributor = [[20th Century Fox]]<br />
| released = {{Film date|2014|05|16|[[Seattle International Film Festival|SIFF]]|2014|06|06|United States}}<br />
| runtime = 126 minutes<!--Theatrical runtime: 125:46--><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/the-fault-in-our-stars-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc00nzgxnti |title=''The Fault in Our Stars'' (12) |work=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |date=May 8, 2014 |access-date=November 16, 2014 |archive-date=January 13, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113164917/http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/fault-our-stars-film |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| budget = $12{{nbsp}}million<ref name="FilmLA">{{cite web |url=http://filmla.com/uploads/2014_FeatureFilm_study_v8_WEB_1432830776.pdf |title=Feature Film Study |website=Film L.A. Inc. |date=2014 |access-date=June 27, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201174542/http://filmla.com/uploads/2014_FeatureFilm_study_v8_WEB_1432830776.pdf | archive-date=February 1, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
| gross = $307.2{{nbsp}}million<ref name="BOM" /><br />
}}<br />
'''''The Fault in Our Stars''''' is a 2014 American [[coming-of-age film|coming-of-age]] [[romantic drama]] film directed by [[Josh Boone (director)|Josh Boone]] from a screenplay by [[Scott Neustadter]] and [[Michael H. Weber]], based on the [[The Fault in Our Stars|2012 novel of the same name]] by [[John Green]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kpcnews.com/columnists/jenny_kobiela/kpcnews/article_ba7c2aca-edec-11e3-ae5d-001a4bcf6878.html|title=Tragic love story 'The Fault in Our Stars' shines|first=Jenny|last=Kobiela-Mondor|website=KPC News|date=June 6, 2014|access-date=July 20, 2020|archive-date=July 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720082926/https://www.kpcnews.com/columnists/jenny_kobiela/kpcnews/article_ba7c2aca-edec-11e3-ae5d-001a4bcf6878.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.niagara-gazette.com/news/lifestyles/calleri-acting-lifts-romantic-tragedy-the-fault-in-our-stars-and-some-thoughts-on-other/article_2a06bcf1-e31a-5dda-a3a0-28c0631112b5.html|title=CALLERI: Acting lifts romantic tragedy 'The Fault In Our Stars,' and some thoughts on other films|first=Michael|last=Calleri|website=Niagara Gazette|date=June 10, 2014|access-date=July 20, 2020|archive-date=July 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720082937/https://www.niagara-gazette.com/news/lifestyles/calleri-acting-lifts-romantic-tragedy-the-fault-in-our-stars-and-some-thoughts-on-other/article_2a06bcf1-e31a-5dda-a3a0-28c0631112b5.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The film stars [[Shailene Woodley]] and [[Ansel Elgort]], with [[Laura Dern]], [[Sam Trammell]], [[Nat Wolff]], and [[Willem Dafoe]] in supporting roles. The story centers on a sixteen-year-old cancer patient, played by Woodley, forced by her parents to attend a support group, where she meets and subsequently falls in love with another cancer patient, played by Elgort.<br />
<br />
Development began in January 2012 when [[Fox 2000 Pictures]] optioned the [[film adaptation]] rights to adapt the novel into a feature film. [[Principal photography]] began on August 26, 2013, in [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania|Pittsburgh]], with a few additional days in [[Amsterdam]], The Netherlands, before concluding on October 16. Pittsburgh doubled for all of the scenes set in [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], the novel's setting, as well as for some interior scenes set in Amsterdam.<br />
<br />
''The Fault in Our Stars'' had its premiere at the [[Seattle International Film Festival]] on May 16, 2014, and was released in the United States on June 6 by [[20th Century Fox]] to favorable reviews, with praise being given to Woodley's and Elgort's performances and chemistry together, as well as the screenplay. The film opened at number one at the box office during its opening weekend and grossed $307.2{{nbsp}}million worldwide against a production budget of $12{{nbsp}}million. It was released on [[DVD]] and [[Blu-ray]] on September 16, 2014, and earned $42{{nbsp}}million in total domestic video sales.<ref name="The Numbers">{{cite web |title=The Fault in Our Stars (2014) |url=https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Fault-in-Our-Stars-The#tab=summary |website=The Numbers. |publisher=Nash Information Services, LLC. |access-date=August 10, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918191530/http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Fault-in-Our-Stars-The |archive-date=September 18, 2016}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<!-- Per WP:FILMPLOT, plot summary should be between 400 to 700 words. --><br />
[[Indianapolis]] teenager Hazel Grace Lancaster is living with [[thyroid cancer]] that has spread to her lungs. Believing she is depressed, her mother urges her to attend a weekly cancer patient [[support group]].<br />
<br />
There, Hazel meets Augustus "Gus" Waters who is at the support group for his friend Isaac, who has [[Eye neoplasm|eye cancer]]. Gus lost a leg to [[osteosarcoma|bone cancer]], which has since gone into remission.<br />
<br />
Hazel and Gus bond over their hobbies and agree to read each other's favorite books. He gives her ''The Prince of Dawn'', while she recommends ''An Imperial Affliction'', a novel about a cancer-stricken girl named Anna that parallels Hazel's own experience, but has an abrupt ending. Its author, Peter Van Houten, retreated to [[Amsterdam]] following the novel's publication and has not been heard from since.<br />
<br />
Weeks later, Gus tells Hazel he has tracked down Van Houten's assistant, Lidewij, and has been corresponding with Van Houten via email. He will only willingly answer their questions in person. Gus then surprises Hazel with tickets to Amsterdam, acquired from a wish charity organization. After a medical setback, Hazel's doctors eventually allow the trip.<br />
<br />
Hazel and Gus arrive in Amsterdam, where he declares his love for her during a romantic meal sponsored by Van Houten. The following afternoon they go to his house, but are shocked to discover he is a mean-spirited alcoholic. It is revealed that the emails from Van Houten had actually come from Lidewij, who arranged the meeting without Van Houten's knowledge. He taunts Hazel for seeking serious answers to a piece of fiction and belittles her medical condition.<br />
<br />
Distraught, the teens leave the residence, but Lidewij follows after them and invites them to go sightseeing to compensate for their ruined experience. The three of them visit the [[Anne Frank House]], where Hazel and Gus share their first kiss. They return to Augustus' hotel room, where they have sex. The next day, Gus reveals to Hazel that his cancer has returned and [[metastasized]], so is now terminal.<br />
<br />
After their return to Indianapolis, Gus' health continues to deteriorate. Gus invites Hazel and Isaac to his "pre-funeral" so that they can both deliver their prepared eulogies, during which she tells him she would not trade their short time together for anything. Gus dies eight days later.<br />
<br />
At his funeral, Van Houten arrives and reveals that Gus had demanded that he attend the funeral. He apologizes for his hostile treatment of them and explains that ''An Imperial Affliction'' was inspired by his own daughter, Anna, who died from [[leukemia]] at a young age.<br />
<br />
The author gives Hazel a piece of paper, which she initially crumples up and discards in the car. She later retrieves it after Isaac reveals that it was a letter from Gus, who had asked for Van Houten's assistance in writing a eulogy for Hazel.<br />
<br />
Hazel reads the letter, in which Gus accepts his fate and professes his love for her. As she finishes the letter, she lies on her back on the lawn in her backyard and looks up at the stars, smiling.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
{{multiple image<br />
| direction = vertical<br />
| width = 150<br />
| footer = Top to bottom: The film stars [[Shailene Woodley]] as Hazel Grace Lancaster, [[Ansel Elgort]] as Augustus Waters, and [[Nat Wolff]] as Isaac.<br />
| image1 = Shailene Woodley March 18, 2014 (cropped).jpg<br />
| alt1 = Shailene Woodley<br />
| image2 = Ansel Elgort (35875410045) (colour edited).jpg<br />
| alt2 = Ansel Elgort<br />
| image3 = Nat Wolff TIFF 2012.jpg<br />
| alt3 = Nat Wolff<br />
}}<br />
* [[Shailene Woodley]] as Hazel Grace Lancaster<br />
** Lily Kenna as young Hazel<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sperling |first1=Nicole |title=As ''The Fault in Our Stars'' is filmed, John Green turns astrologer |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/moviesnow/la-et-mn-john-green-fault-in-our-stars-20140216-story.html |access-date=August 29, 2014 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=February 15, 2014 |archive-date=August 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140829020808/http://articles.latimes.com/2014/feb/15/entertainment/la-et-mn-john-green-fault-in-our-stars-20140216 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
* [[Ansel Elgort]] as Augustus "Gus" Waters<ref name="casting2" /><br />
* [[Nat Wolff]] as Isaac, Augustus' best friend<ref name="casting3" /><br />
* [[Laura Dern]] as Frannie Lancaster, Hazel's mother<ref name="casting3" /><br />
* [[Sam Trammell]] as Michael Lancaster, Hazel's father<ref name="casting4" /><br />
* [[Willem Dafoe]] as Peter Van Houten<ref name="casting6" /><br />
* [[Lotte Verbeek]] as Lidewij Vliegenthart, Van Houten's assistant<br />
* [[Mike Birbiglia]] as Patrick, the support group leader<ref name="casting5" /><br />
* Ana Dela Cruz as Dr. Maria<br />
* Milica Govich as Mrs. Waters, Augustus's mother<br />
* David Whalen as Mr. Waters, Augustus's father<br />
* Emily Peachey as Monica<br />
* Emily Bach as Monica's Mom<br />
* [[Carole Weyers]] as the voice of [[Anne Frank]]<br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
<br />
===Pre-production===<br />
On January 31, 2012, it was announced that [[Fox 2000 Pictures]], a division of [[20th Century Fox]], had optioned the rights to adapt [[John Green]]'s novel ''[[The Fault in Our Stars]]'' for a feature film.<ref name="deahl">{{cite news |first=Rachel |last=Deahl |date=January 31, 2012 |title=Fox Options John Green's ''Fault in Our Stars'' |url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/childrens/childrens-industry-news/article/50442-fox-options-john-green-s-fault-in-our-stars.html |magazine=[[Publishers Weekly]] |access-date=July 23, 2013 |archive-date=December 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212120014/https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/childrens/childrens-industry-news/article/50442-fox-options-john-green-s-fault-in-our-stars.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Wyck Godfrey]] and Marty Bowen were due to produce the film with their production company, [[Temple Hill Entertainment]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Abrams |first1=Rachel |title=Fox 2000 options ''Fault in Our Stars'' |url=https://variety.com/2012/film/news/fox-2000-options-fault-in-our-stars-1118049583/ |access-date=August 10, 2014 |work=Variety |date=February 1, 2012 |archive-date=August 28, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828030007/https://variety.com/2012/film/news/fox-2000-options-fault-in-our-stars-1118049583/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Stephen Chbosky]], who directed ''[[The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)|The Perks of Being a Wallflower]]'' (also filmed in Pittsburgh), was in talks to direct the film but turned it down because of its similarity to ''Perks''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hypable.com/perks-author-stephen-chbosky-says-he-had-a-meeting-to-direct-the-fault-in-our-stars-movie/ |title=Stephen Chbosky says he met about directing Fault In Our Stars movie |work=Hypable |date=February 13, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918200002/http://www.hypable.com/perks-author-stephen-chbosky-says-he-had-a-meeting-to-direct-the-fault-in-our-stars-movie/ |archive-date=September 18, 2016}}</ref> On February 19, 2013, [[Josh Boone (director)|Josh Boone]] was hired as director;<ref name="Director">{{cite news |last1=Kit |first1=Borys |last2=Lewis |first2=Andy |title=''The Fault in Our Stars'' Movie Lands Director |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/fault-stars-movie-lands-director-422485 |access-date=August 10, 2014 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=February 19, 2013 |archive-date=June 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630133101/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/fault-stars-movie-lands-director-422485 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Scott Neustadter]] and [[Michael H. Weber]] were hired to adapt the novel into a screenplay{{mdash}}their second adaptation for Fox, following ''[[Rosaline (film)|Rosaline]]'',<ref name="Director" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Fleming |first1=Mike Jr. |title=Fox 2000 Sets Neustadter & Weber To Adapt ''The Fault In Our Stars'' |url=https://deadline.com/2012/03/fox-2000-sets-neustadter-weber-to-adapt-the-fault-in-our-stars-250221/ |access-date=August 10, 2014 |work=Deadline Hollywood |date=March 28, 2012 |archive-date=July 16, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716042825/http://www.deadline.com/2012/03/fox-2000-sets-neustadter-weber-to-adapt-the-fault-in-our-stars/ |url-status=live }}</ref> though ''Rosaline'' did not release until 2022.<br />
<br />
===Casting===<br />
On March 19, 2013, ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' announced that Shailene Woodley would play Hazel Grace Lancaster.<ref name="casting1">{{cite magazine |first=Sara |last=Vilkomerson |title=Shailene Woodley offered ''The Fault in Our Stars'' lead – EXCLUSIVE |url=https://ew.com/article/2013/03/19/shailene-woodley-fault-in-our-stars/ |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=March 19, 2013 |access-date=June 23, 2020 |archive-date=December 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218082825/http://insidemovies.ew.com/2013/03/19/shailene-woodley-fault-in-our-stars/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Director Josh Boone said, "We read close to 150 actresses for the role, and I saw about 50 of those. Within ten or fifteen seconds of Shailene's audition, I knew she was Hazel. She held up her script pages and just her eyes were peeking over them."<ref>{{cite web |title=The Fault in Our Stars&nbsp;— Movie Production Notes |url=http://www.cinemareview.com/production.asp?prodid=18394 |website=CinemaReview.com |access-date=August 13, 2014 |archive-date=September 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925201708/http://www.cinemareview.com/production.asp?prodid=18394 |url-status=dead }}</ref> On May 10, 2013, [[Ansel Elgort]] was cast as Hazel's love interest, Augustus Waters.<ref name="casting2">{{cite news |last1=Sneider |first1=Jeff |title=''Divergent'' Star Ansel Elgort to Join Shailene Woodley in ''The Fault In Our Stars'' |url=https://www.thewrap.com/movies/column-post/divergent-star-ansel-elgort-join-shailene-woodley-fault-our-stars-90881/ |access-date=August 11, 2014 |website=[[TheWrap]] |date=May 10, 2013 |archive-date=August 12, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812212848/http://www.thewrap.com/movies/column-post/divergent-star-ansel-elgort-join-shailene-woodley-fault-our-stars-90881/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> On July 23, [[Laura Dern]] was cast as Hazel's mother Frannie Lancaster, and [[Nat Wolff]] as Isaac, Augustus' best friend.<ref name="casting3">{{cite news |first=Sara |last=Vilkomerson |date=July 23, 2013 |title=Nat Wolff cast as Isaac in ''The Fault in Our Stars'' |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |url=https://ew.com/article/2013/07/23/nat-wolff-fault-in-our-stars-isaac/ |access-date=June 23, 2020 |archive-date=June 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625160423/https://ew.com/article/2013/07/23/nat-wolff-fault-in-our-stars-isaac/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Wolff told [[HuffPost Live]], "It's exciting, I feel really lucky. The fact that I get to work with these super talented people{{mdash}}I mean, that's part of the reason why, I'm good in the movie, that's the reason."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Tess Katz |first1=Emily |title=Nat Wolff Explains Why He Was Cast In ''The Fault In Our Stars'' |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/nat-wolff-the-fault-in-our-stars_n_5411423 |access-date=June 23, 2020 |work=HuffPost |date=May 29, 2014 |archive-date=June 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626062429/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/nat-wolff-the-fault-in-our-stars_n_5411423 |url-status=live }}</ref> On August 14, [[Sam Trammell]] was cast as Hazel's father Michael Lancaster,<ref name="casting4">{{cite news |last1=Sneider |first1=Jeff |title=''True Blood''{{'}}s Sam Trammell Joins Shailene Woodley in ''The Fault In Our Stars'' |url=https://www.thewrap.com/movies/column-post/true-bloods-sam-trammell-joins-shailene-woodley-fault-our-stars-exclusive-110821/ |access-date=August 11, 2013 |work=TheWrap |date=August 14, 2013 |archive-date=August 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130816040057/http://www.thewrap.com/movies/column-post/true-bloods-sam-trammell-joins-shailene-woodley-fault-our-stars-exclusive-110821 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and on August 28, author John Green announced that [[Mike Birbiglia]] would be playing Patrick.<ref name="casting5">{{cite tweet |last1=Green |first1=John |title=So excited to announce that one of my all-time favorite comedians/humans, Mike Birbiglia (@birbigs), will play Patrick in the TFiOS movie. |user=realjohngreen |number=372831664281772032 |access-date=June 23, 2020 |date=August 28, 2013}}</ref> On September 6, he tweeted that [[Willem Dafoe]] would play Peter van Houten.<ref name="casting6">{{cite magazine |last1=Bahr |first1=Lindsey |title=Willem Dafoe cast as Peter Van Houten in ''The Fault in Our Stars'' |url=https://ew.com/article/2013/09/06/willem-dafoe-the-fault-in-our-stars/ |access-date=June 23, 2020 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=September 6, 2013 |archive-date=October 6, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006130136/http://insidemovies.ew.com/2013/09/06/willem-dafoe-the-fault-in-our-stars/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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Prior to these announcements, author John Green had tweeted that he would be happy if [[Mae Whitman]] played Hazel,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lamoureux |first1=Jen |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' casting: Who should play Hazel? |url=http://www.hypable.com/2012/11/19/the-fault-in-our-stars-casting-who-should-play-hazel/ |access-date=August 10, 2014 |website=Hypable |date=November 19, 2012 |archive-date=October 6, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006104926/http://www.hypable.com/2012/11/19/the-fault-in-our-stars-casting-who-should-play-hazel/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and in February 2013, there had been speculation that Shailene Woodley and [[Hailee Steinfeld]] were among those being considered for the lead role.<ref name="Director" /><br />
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John Green filmed a [[cameo appearance]]; his scene was cut from the film but is included in the deleted scenes section of the film's DVD and Blu-ray releases. In the cut scene, Green plays the father of a young girl who asks about Hazel's [[cannula]] while at the airport.<ref>{{cite web |first=Jaimie |last=Etkin |url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/jaimieetkin/heres-your-first-look-at-john-greens-the-fault-in-our-stars |title=Here's Your First Look At John Green's ''The Fault In Our Stars'' Cameo |website=BuzzFeed |access-date=June 6, 2014 |date=May 27, 2014 |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111172504/http://www.buzzfeed.com/jaimieetkin/heres-your-first-look-at-john-greens-the-fault-in-our-stars |url-status=live }}</ref> Green said, "They cut [the scene] because it was totally unnecessary to the movie-slash-I was terrible."<ref name="vulture-interview">{{cite news |last1=Vineyard |first1=Jennifer |title=Summer Movie Preview 2014: John Green on The Fault in Our Stars and the Magic of Shailene Woodley |url=https://www.vulture.com/2014/04/john-green-interview-fault-in-our-stars-shailene-woodley.html |access-date=August 29, 2014 |work=[[Vulture (website)|Vulture]] |date=April 29, 2014 |archive-date=September 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922180225/https://www.vulture.com/2014/04/john-green-interview-fault-in-our-stars-shailene-woodley.html |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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===Filming===<br />
[[Principal photography]] began on August 26, 2013, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Christine |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' filming in Pittsburgh (Filming Locations Open Thread) |url=http://www.onlocationvacations.com/tag/the-fault-in-our-stars-filming-in-pittsburgh/ |website=On Location Vacations |access-date=April 17, 2014 |date=August 26, 2013 |archive-date=July 21, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721042318/http://www.onlocationvacations.com/tag/the-fault-in-our-stars-filming-in-pittsburgh/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Film locations included Oakmont, Pennsylvania,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dezayas |first1=Heidi |title=''Fault in Our Stars'' begins filming at Oakmont home |url=http://triblive.com/neighborhoods/yourallekiskivalley/yourallekiskivalleymore/4604340-74/street-movie-oakmont#axzz39rVqxylw |access-date=August 9, 2014 |work=[[Pittsburgh Tribune-Review]] |date=August 28, 2014 |archive-date=July 21, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721074521/http://triblive.com/neighborhoods/yourallekiskivalley/yourallekiskivalleymore/4604340-74/street-movie-oakmont#axzz39rVqxylw |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh]], and the historic The Mansions on Fifth hotel.<ref>{{cite news |last=Payne |first=Sara |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/ae/movies/2014/05/07/When-movies-film-in-Pittsburgh-experiences-vary/stories/201405070066 |title=When movies film in Pittsburgh, experiences vary |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |date=May 6, 2014 |access-date=May 23, 2014 |archive-date=July 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722044701/http://www.post-gazette.com/ae/movies/2014/05/07/When-movies-film-in-Pittsburgh-experiences-vary/stories/201405070066 |url-status=live }}</ref> The church scenes were filmed at St. Paul's Episcopal Church in the Pittsburgh suburb of [[Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania|Mt. Lebanon]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yiin |first1=Wesley |title=Mt. Lebanon church channels Hollywood with ''Fault in Our Stars'' screening |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/ae/2014/06/06/Church-channels-Hollywood-with-Fault-screening/stories/201406060103 |access-date=August 9, 2014 |work=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]] |date=June 6, 2014 |archive-date=June 25, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625214011/http://www.post-gazette.com/ae/2014/06/06/Church-channels-Hollywood-with-Fault-screening/stories/201406060103 |url-status=live }}</ref> Filming in Pennsylvania continued until October 10;<ref>{{cite news |title=Production Exclusive&nbsp;– Filming Wraps on ''The Fault in Our Stars'' Movie Adaptation |url=http://trulyluminary.com/2013/10/18/production-exclusive-filming-wraps-on-the-fault-in-our-stars-movie-adaptation/ |access-date=August 9, 2014 |website=trulyluminary.com |date=October 18, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810061739/http://trulyluminary.com/2013/10/18/production-exclusive-filming-wraps-on-the-fault-in-our-stars-movie-adaptation/ |archive-date=August 10, 2014}}</ref> then the production moved to Amsterdam, where filming began on October 14.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Christine |title=The Fault In Our Stars moves from Pittsburgh to Amsterdam |url=http://www.onlocationvacations.com/2013/10/15/the-fault-in-our-stars-moves-from-pittsburgh-to-amsterdam/ |access-date=August 9, 2014 |website=onlocationvacations.com |date=October 15, 2013 |archive-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121021031/https://onlocationvacations.com/2013/10/15/the-fault-in-our-stars-moves-from-pittsburgh-to-amsterdam/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Filming was officially completed on October 16, 2013.<ref>{{cite tweet |last1=Green |first1=John |title=Last day with my Gus |number=390568840285155328 |user=realjohngreen |access-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-date=August 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821001139/https://twitter.com/realjohngreen/statuses/390568840285155328 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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In Amsterdam, three days of filming took place. Woodley and Elgort were filmed on a canal-side public bench. On July 2, 2014, ''The Guardian'' reported that the bench had gone missing, and city officials said they did not know where it was. Amsterdam city spokesman, Stephan van der Hoek said, "It's a bit embarrassing, because we do keep good track of them, but it's gone all right". He promised to install a new bench within weeks.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Beaumont-Thomas |first1=Ben |title=Bench from The Fault in Our Stars goes missing in Amsterdam |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/jul/02/the-fault-in-our-stars-bench-missing-amsterdam |access-date=August 9, 2014 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=July 2, 2014 |archive-date=March 21, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321071638/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/jul/02/the-fault-in-our-stars-bench-missing-amsterdam |url-status=live }}</ref> Just a week later, ''Entertainment Weekly'' said the Amsterdam film office had tweeted a photograph taken during the re-installation of the stolen bench; Amsterdam film commissioner Simon Brester said it was the same bench, not a replacement.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=McHenry |first1=Jackson |title=The ''Fault in Our Stars'' bench is back in Amsterdam |url=https://ew.com/article/2014/07/07/tfios-bench-amsterdam/ |access-date=June 23, 2020 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=July 7, 2014 |archive-date=October 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022113441/http://popwatch.ew.com/2014/07/07/tfios-bench-amsterdam/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
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Filming in Pittsburgh included the interior scenes at the Anne Frank House, which was recreated on a soundstage at Pittsburgh Studios located in [[Churchill, Pennsylvania]], in the east suburbs of Pittsburgh.<ref>President of Churchill Borough</ref> Production designer Molly Hughes and art director Greg Weimerskirch built three different studio sets in Pittsburgh, one for each floor.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://variety.com/2014/film/news/how-the-fault-in-our-stars-recreated-the-anne-frank-house-1201214609/ |work=Variety |first=Ramin |last=Setoodeh |title=How ''The Fault in Our Stars'' Recreated the Anne Frank House |date=June 6, 2014 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112021202/https://variety.com/2014/film/news/how-the-fault-in-our-stars-recreated-the-anne-frank-house-1201214609/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Also, the ''[[Funky Bones]]'' art monument in Indianapolis was recreated in Pittsburgh with the help of the sculpture's creator, Dutch artist [[Joep van Lieshout]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indystar.com/story/entertainment/movies/2013/08/30/the-fault-in-our-stars-movie-written-here-set-here-shot-where-/2742803/ |title=''Fault'' movie written here, set here, shot where? |date=August 31, 2013 |work=Indianapolis Star |access-date=May 20, 2015 |archive-date=June 10, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190610200553/https://www.indystar.com/story/entertainment/movies/2013/08/30/the-fault-in-our-stars-movie-written-here-set-here-shot-where-/2742803/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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Author John Green, though an Indianapolis native, was pleased with the selection of Pittsburgh for filming. He commented that<blockquote> Pittsburgh has an amazing community of really talented film professionals that's been built up over the last 20 years. I've been blown away by their professionalism, their confidence, their dedication. There aren't a lot of cities like that. You kind of have to find the city that can be Indianapolis. And Pittsburgh, even though it has a lot of hills, it can be Indianapolis. We just have to find a couple of flat streets.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pittsburghmagazine.com/Best-of-the-Burgh-Blogs/The-412/October-2013/QA-The-Fault-in-Our-Stars-Author-John-Green/#sthash.CQwZmVIp.dpuf |title=Q+A: ''The Fault in Our Stars'' Author John Green |work=Pittsburgh Magazine |date=October 8, 2013 |access-date=May 19, 2015 |archive-date=August 14, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150814200132/http://www.pittsburghmagazine.com/Best-of-the-Burgh-Blogs/The-412/October-2013/QA-The-Fault-in-Our-Stars-Author-John-Green/#sthash.CQwZmVIp.dpuf |url-status=live }}</ref></blockquote><br />
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===Music===<br />
{{main|The Fault in Our Stars (soundtrack)}}<br />
[[Mike Mogis]] and [[Nate Walcott|Nathaniel Walcott]] of [[Bright Eyes (band)|Bright Eyes]] [[Film score|scored]] the film.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://hypable.com/2013/07/09/fault-in-our-stars-movie-score-bright-eyes/ |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' movie to be scored by Bright Eyes |last=Sims |first=Andrew |publisher=Hypable |access-date=April 17, 2014 |date=July 9, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140417200329/http://www.hypable.com/2013/07/09/fault-in-our-stars-movie-score-bright-eyes/ |archive-date=April 17, 2014}}</ref> The full album track list was released on April 13, 2014, featuring songs from artists including: [[M83 (band)|M83]], [[Grouplove]], [[Kodaline]], [[Jake Bugg]], [[Tom Odell]], [[Birdy (singer)|Birdy]], [[Ed Sheeran]] and [[Charli XCX]], who performed "[[Boom Clap]]", one of the main songs from the movie, which became an international success, due in part to its exposure in the film.<ref>{{cite news |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' Soundtrack Details |url=http://filmmusicreporter.com/2014/04/13/the-fault-in-our-stars-soundtrack-details/ |access-date=August 29, 2014 |website=Film Music Reporter |date=April 13, 2014 |archive-date=June 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630081032/http://filmmusicreporter.com/2014/04/13/the-fault-in-our-stars-soundtrack-details/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The soundtrack was released by [[Atlantic Records]] on May 19 in the U.S., and on June 23 in the UK.<ref>{{cite news |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' Score Album Details |url=http://filmmusicreporter.com/2014/06/23/the-fault-in-our-stars-score-album-details/ |access-date=August 29, 2014 |website=Film Music Reporter |date=June 23, 2014 |archive-date=September 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903080007/http://filmmusicreporter.com/2014/06/23/the-fault-in-our-stars-score-album-details/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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==Release==<br />
''The Fault in Our Stars'' [[Film premiere|premiered]] to 300 guests at the [[Ziegfeld Theater]] in New York City on June 2, 2014. At the premiere, Green said: "I didn't want to sell it, because Hollywood sucks at making unsentimental movies about illness."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Setoodeh |first1=Ramin |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' Premiere: Even Shailene Woodley Admits to Crying |url=https://variety.com/2014/scene/news/the-fault-in-our-stars-premiere-even-shailene-woodley-admits-to-crying-1201210174/ |access-date=September 23, 2014 |work=Variety |date=June 3, 2014 |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202190114/https://variety.com/2014/scene/news/the-fault-in-our-stars-premiere-even-shailene-woodley-admits-to-crying-1201210174/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The film was released on June 6, 2014.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/books/2013/10/08/john-green-social-media-tfios/2944079/ |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' movie gets a release date |work=[[USA Today]] |date=October 8, 2013 |access-date=October 10, 2013 |last=Deutsch |first=Lindsay |archive-date=November 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115203544/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/books/2013/10/08/john-green-social-media-tfios/2944079/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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After the New York premiere, Evangeline Earl, a student, announced that Green's book, from which the film was adapted, had been inspired by her sister [[Esther Earl]], who had also been an author. Esther had thyroid cancer and died in 2010. Evangeline said Esther had met Green at [[LeakyCon]], a ''[[Harry Potter]]'' convention held in Boston in 2009. Green said, "I could never have written ''The Fault in Our Stars'' without knowing Esther. Every word on that book depends on her."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Earl |first1=Evangeline |title=My sister Esther inspired ''The Fault in Our Stars''. The movie is her sequel. |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/my-sister-esther-inspired-the-fault-in-our-stars-the-movie-is-her-sequel/2014/06/12/504c2ca4-efef-11e3-914c-1fbd0614e2d4_story.html |access-date=September 23, 2014 |newspaper=Washington Post |date=June 12, 2014 |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108171348/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/my-sister-esther-inspired-the-fault-in-our-stars-the-movie-is-her-sequel/2014/06/12/504c2ca4-efef-11e3-914c-1fbd0614e2d4_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Green said he used the word "okay" in the book and the film because Hazel and Augustus used it to express their love for each other.<ref>{{cite web |title=Questions about The Fault in Our Stars (Spoilers!) |url=http://johngreenbooks.com/questions-about-the-fault-in-our-stars-spoilers/ |website=johngreenbooks.com |access-date=September 25, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005184550/http://johngreenbooks.com/questions-about-the-fault-in-our-stars-spoilers/ |archive-date=October 5, 2014}}</ref><br />
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===Marketing===<br />
[[File:The Fault In Our Stars movie set at Wesfield Bondi (15666998542).jpg|thumb|260px|Movie promotion in a commercial center in [[Bondi Beach]], Sydney]]<br />
The first [[Trailer (promotion)|trailer]] was released on January 29, 2014. The trailer had over 3{{nbsp}}million views in less than 24 hours,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/books/jacketcopy/la-et-jc-the-fault-in-our-stars-movie-trailer-book-on-top-20140130,0,3851891.story#axzz2rwahqgXr |title=''The Fault in Our Stars'' movie trailer hits; the book is on top |work=[[The Los Angeles Times]] |date=January 30, 2014 |access-date=January 30, 2014 |last=Kellogg |first=Carolyn |archive-date=January 31, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140131033105/http://www.latimes.com/books/jacketcopy/la-et-jc-the-fault-in-our-stars-movie-trailer-book-on-top-20140130,0,3851891.story#axzz2rwahqgXr |url-status=live }}</ref> and more than 15{{nbsp}}million views in its first seven days. A video clip was shown before the show at the [[2014 MTV Movie Awards]] on April 13.<ref>{{cite news |last=Wickman |first=Kase |title=This ''Fault In Our Stars'' Clip Hits Us Right In The Feelings Bone |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1726041/the-fault-in-our-stars-mtv-movie-awards-exclusive.jhtml |access-date=April 14, 2014 |work=MTV |date=April 13, 2014 |archive-date=April 16, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416215307/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1726041/the-fault-in-our-stars-mtv-movie-awards-exclusive.jhtml |url-status=dead }}</ref> An extended trailer was released on April 28, and Fox released more clips via [[YouTube]] as part of the film's pre-release promotion.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Strecker |first1=Erin |title=New ''Fault in Our Stars'' trailer: More tears, more laughs, more pot? |url=https://ew.com/article/2014/04/28/fault-in-our-stars-trailer/ |access-date=June 23, 2020 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=April 28, 2014 |archive-date=October 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022060651/http://insidemovies.ew.com/2014/04/28/fault-in-our-stars-trailer/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On April 2, the studio announced the launch of a promotional tour program named Demand Our Stars. Green, Woodley, Elgort, and Wolff would visit the states that got most votes from fans re-blogging their states' map outlines.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sims |first1=Andrew |title=John Green and the ''Fault'' movie cast to go on nationwide tour, vote for your city to receive a visit |url=http://www.hypable.com/2014/04/02/fault-in-our-stars-movie-tour-john-green-shailene-woodley/ |access-date=August 9, 2014 |website=Hypable |date=April 2, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026042034/http://www.hypable.com/2014/04/02/fault-in-our-stars-movie-tour-john-green-shailene-woodley/ |archive-date=October 26, 2014}}</ref> Four states won: the tour program started in Miami, Florida, on May 6; went to Cleveland, Ohio, on May 7; then went to Nashville, Tennessee, on May 8; and ended in Dallas, Texas, on May 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Demand Our Stars Tour&nbsp;— May 6 – May 9 |url=http://thefaultinourstarsmovie.com/faq-demandourstars |website=thefaultinourstarsmovie.com |access-date=August 10, 2014 |archive-date=August 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819094806/http://thefaultinourstarsmovie.com/faq-demandourstars |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Christine |title=Meet the cast of ''The Fault In Our Stars'' in a city near you this week |url=http://www.onlocationvacations.com/2014/05/06/meet-the-cast-of-the-fault-in-our-stars-in-a-city-near-you-this-week/ |access-date=August 10, 2014 |website=onlocationvacations.com |date=May 6, 2014 |archive-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121020910/https://onlocationvacations.com/2014/05/06/meet-the-cast-of-the-fault-in-our-stars-in-a-city-near-you-this-week/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
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===Home media===<br />
''The Fault in Our Stars'' was released on [[DVD]] and [[Blu-ray Disc|Blu-ray]] on September 16, 2014.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00LTA0JBU |title=The Fault In Our Stars |website=Amazon |access-date=August 3, 2014}}</ref> ''The Fault in Our Stars: Little Infinities'' Blu-ray edition features the theatrical 126-minute and extended 133-minute versions of the film, a number of [[deleted scene]]s including the John Green cameo, and featurettes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dvdblurayfeatures.com/the-fault-in-our-stars-special-features-comparison-little-infinities-extended-edition-blu-ray-combo-pack-dvd-versions-bonus-extras/ |title=The Fault In Our Stars Special Features Comparison (Blu-ray / DVD Versions) |date=September 15, 2014 |website=dvdblurayfeatures.com |access-date=October 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918202800/http://dvdblurayfeatures.com/the-fault-in-our-stars-special-features-comparison-little-infinities-extended-edition-blu-ray-combo-pack-dvd-versions-bonus-extras/ |archive-date=September 18, 2016}}</ref> The home video release grossed over $42.6{{nbsp}}million in total domestic video sales.<ref name="The Numbers" /> It became available to stream on [[Disney+]] on September 24, 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://whatsondisneyplus.com/the-fault-in-our-stars-returning-to-disney-us/|title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' Returning To Disney+(US)|access-date=September 30, 2021|archive-date=January 20, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120055235/https://whatsondisneyplus.com/the-fault-in-our-stars-returning-to-disney-us/|url-status=dead|website=whatsondisneyplus.com}}</ref><br />
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==Reception==<br />
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===Critical response===<br />
On [[review aggregator]] [[Rotten Tomatoes]], the film has an approval rating of 81% based on 226 reviews, with an average rating of 6.90/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Wise, funny, and heartbreaking without resorting to exploitation, ''The Fault in Our Stars'' does right by its bestselling source material."<ref name="tomatoes" /> [[Metacritic]] gave the film a score of 69 out of 100, based on 45 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".<ref name="metacritic" /> Opening day audiences polled by [[CinemaScore]] gave the film an "A" on an A+ to F scale.<ref>{{cite news |last=McClintock |first=Pamela |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/box-office-fault-stars-eyes-710051 |title=Box Office: ''Fault in Our Stars'' Eyes Stunning $52M-Plus Debut, Crushes ''Edge of Tomorrow'' |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=June 7, 2014 |access-date=July 9, 2014 |archive-date=June 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140608040308/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/box-office-fault-stars-eyes-710051 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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[[Steven Rea]] of ''[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]'' gave the film a score of 3 out of 4; he said, "Woodley&nbsp;...&nbsp;balances grace with gravity, wit with heart."<ref>{{cite news |last=Rea |first=Steven |title=''The Fault in Our Stars'': Tale of dying teens in love a terrific tear-jerker |url=http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/20140606__The_Fault_in_Our_Stars___Tale_of_dying_teens_in_love_a_terrific_tear-jerker.html |access-date=September 28, 2014 |work=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]] |date=June 5, 2014 |archive-date=June 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615214256/http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/20140606__The_Fault_in_Our_Stars___Tale_of_dying_teens_in_love_a_terrific_tear-jerker.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[A. O. Scott]] writing for ''[[The New York Times]]'' said, "The film sets out to make you weep{{mdash}}not just sniffle or choke up a little, but sob until your nose runs and your face turns blotchy. It succeeds."<ref>{{cite news |last=Scott |first=A.O. |author-link=A.O. Scott |title=Young Love, Complicated by Cancer |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/06/movies/the-fault-in-our-stars-sets-out-to-make-you-cry.html |access-date=September 28, 2014 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=June 5, 2014 |archive-date=April 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401024056/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/06/movies/the-fault-in-our-stars-sets-out-to-make-you-cry.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ''[[The Boston Globe]]''{{'}}s [[Ty Burr]] gave the film a rating of 2.5 out 4 and said, "If Elgort's Gus is glibly charming and ultimately affecting, ''The Fault in Our Stars'' belongs to Woodley, a performer who always seems to be backing warily into her own movies."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Burr |first1=Ty |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' works to be earnest |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/movies/2014/06/05/the-fault-our-stars-works-earnest/9qqdfep4uMSu1KRz1egL2N/story.html |access-date=September 28, 2014 |date=June 5, 2014 |work=[[Boston Globe]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006071908/http://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/movies/2014/06/05/the-fault-our-stars-works-earnest/9qqdfep4uMSu1KRz1egL2N/story.html |archive-date=October 6, 2014}}</ref><br />
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[[Quickflix]]'s Simon Miraudo rated the film 3 out of 5 and said, "''The Fault in Our Stars'' undeniably sets us up to knock us down."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.quickflix.com.au/news/reviews/TheFaultinOurStars |title=The Fault in Our Stars Review |first=Simon |last=Miraudo |website=Quickflix |date=May 28, 2014 |access-date=June 6, 2014 |archive-date=October 6, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006145541/http://www.quickflix.com.au/news/reviews/TheFaultinOurStars |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Richard Roeper]] of ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]'' gave the film 4 stars. He said Woodley's performance as Hazel was "transcendent, pure and authentic", stating that, "she's that memorable."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Roeper |first1=Richard |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'': A lovely work led by the transcendent Shailene Woodley |url=http://www.suntimes.com/entertainment/movies/27856994-421/the-fault-in-our-stars-a-lovely-work-led-by-the-transcendent-shailene-woodley.html |access-date=September 24, 2014 |work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |date=June 4, 2014 |archive-date=October 24, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024012855/http://www.suntimes.com/entertainment/movies/27856994-421/the-fault-in-our-stars-a-lovely-work-led-by-the-transcendent-shailene-woodley.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Scott Mendelson of ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine said the film is "exceptionally high-quality mainstream entertainment" and called it "a genuine work of art."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mendelson |first1=Scott |title=Review: Shailene Woodley's ''Fault In Our Stars'' Is A Generational Classic |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2014/06/05/review-shailene-woodleys-fault-in-our-stars-is-a-generational-classic/ |access-date=September 24, 2014 |work=Forbes |date=June 5, 2014 |archive-date=June 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615163610/https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2014/06/05/review-shailene-woodleys-fault-in-our-stars-is-a-generational-classic/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Anna Smith of ''[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]]'' said it was a, "touching romance and Shailene Woodley's best performance yet."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Anna |title=The Fault In Our Stars |url=https://www.empireonline.com/reviews/reviewcomplete.asp?FID=138467 |access-date=September 25, 2014 |work=Empire |archive-date=September 24, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924135708/http://www.empireonline.com/reviews/reviewcomplete.asp?FID=138467 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Emma Dibdin of [[Digital Spy]] wrote "''The Fault in Our Stars'' is a sharp and emotionally-sophisticated weepie that imbues its teenage characters with rare intelligence, and tackles its bleak subject matter with acerbic wit and tenderness."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dibdin |first1=Emma |title=The Fault in Our Stars review: An acerbic and sophisticated weepie |url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/movies/review/a577580/the-fault-in-our-stars-review-an-acerbic-and-sophisticated-weepie.html |access-date=September 25, 2014 |work=Digital Spy |date=June 16, 2014 |archive-date=September 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925230135/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/movies/review/a577580/the-fault-in-our-stars-review-an-acerbic-and-sophisticated-weepie.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Wilson Morales at ''BlackFilm.com'' praised Woodley and Elgort's performances, saying they "are so captivating and genuine in their performances, they manage to make this intensely poignant film very moving, romantic and highly entertaining."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Morales |first1=Wilson |title=The Fault In Our Stars |url=http://www.blackfilm.com/read/2014/06/the-fault-in-our-stars-film-review/ |access-date=September 25, 2014 |website=blackfilm.com |date=June 7, 2014 |archive-date=May 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501140447/https://www.blackfilm.com/read/2014/06/the-fault-in-our-stars-film-review/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
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''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine's Richard Corliss wrote, "Hazel and Augustus will live in film lore because of the young actors who play them."<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Richard |last=Corliss |url=https://time.com/2822847/the-fault-in-our-stars-movie-review/ |title=The Fault In Our Stars Review: Shailene Woodley and Ansel Elgort |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=June 6, 2014 |date=June 5, 2014 |archive-date=July 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719223739/http://time.com/2822847/the-fault-in-our-stars-movie-review/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Chris Vongar of ''[[Dallas Morning News]]'' gave the film a B+ as "the movie is witty and alive and only very occasionally maudlin."<ref>{{cite news |last=Vognar |first=Chris |url=http://www.dallasnews.com/entertainment/movies/reviews/20140605-the-fault-in-our-stars-hits-the-big-screen-with-its-best-qualities-intact-b.ece |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' hits the big screen with its best qualities intact (B+) |newspaper=Dallas Morning News |date=June 5, 2014 |access-date=June 6, 2014 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074438/http://www.dallasnews.com/entertainment/movies/reviews/20140605-the-fault-in-our-stars-hits-the-big-screen-with-its-best-qualities-intact-b.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''[[USA Today (magazine)|USA Today]]''{{'}}s Claudia Puig called the film "well-written, well-acted, acerbic, funny and wisely observed", giving it 3.5 out of 4.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Puig |first1=Claudia |title=''The Fault in Our Stars'' is nearly flawless |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2014/06/04/the-fault-in-our-stars-review/9630351 |access-date=September 25, 2014 |work=USA Today |date=June 4, 2014 |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202025930/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2014/06/04/the-fault-in-our-stars-review/9630351/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Chris Nashawaty of ''Entertainment Weekly'' called the film a "funny, sweet, three-hankie tearjerker" and gave it a B grade on an A to F scale.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Nashawaty |first1=Chris |title=The Fault in Our Stars Movie Review |url=https://ew.com/article/2014/06/12/fault-our-stars-movie-2/ |access-date=June 23, 2020 |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |date=June 12, 2014 |archive-date=June 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626012624/https://ew.com/article/2014/06/12/fault-our-stars-movie-2/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Geoff Pevere]] of ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'' said, "While it may not conform to one's real-life expectations it certainly hews tightly to teen-flick conventions."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Pevere |first1=Geoff |title=The Fault in Our Stars: a full-throttle, by-the-numbers tearjerker |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/film-reviews/the-fault-in-our-stars/article19009235 |access-date=September 24, 2014 |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |date=June 6, 2014 |location=Toronto |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224225533/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/film-reviews/the-fault-in-our-stars/article19009235/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Connie Ogle of ''[[The Miami Herald]]'' called it a, "sweet, romantic film full of sudden warmth and humor."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ogle |first1=Connie |title=''The Fault in Our Stars'' (PG-13) |url=http://www.miami.com/039the-fault-our-stars039-pg-13-article |access-date=September 25, 2014 |work=[[Miami Herald]] |date=June 5, 2014 |archive-date=September 24, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924063748/http://www.miami.com/039the-fault-our-stars039-pg-13-article |url-status=dead }}</ref> A.A. Dowd of ''[[The A.V. Club]]'' gave the film a "B" saying that it is, "blessed with sparks of wit and buoyed by the talents of a charismatic cast."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dowd |first1=A.A. |title=The Fault In Our Stars moves from page to screen, losing a little of its magic |url=https://www.avclub.com/the-fault-in-our-stars-moves-from-page-to-screen-losin-1798180621 |access-date=June 23, 2020 |work=[[The A.V. Club]] |date=June 5, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809090922/http://www.avclub.com/review/fault-our-stars-moves-page-screen-losing-little-it-205411 |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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[[Peter Bradshaw]] of ''[[The Guardian]]'' gave the film a negative review, likening it to "being mugged by a professional whose skills in mixed martial arts you can't help but notice and appreciate, even as you are savagely beaten, then dragged upright, bruised and bleeding, and forced to watch as your assailant gives fully 45% of your money to charity."<ref>{{cite news |last=Bradshaw |first=Peter |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/jun/19/fault-in-our-stars-review-john-green |title=The Fault in our Stars review&nbsp;– manipulative and crass |date=June 19, 2014 |access-date=June 19, 2014 |work=The Guardian |archive-date=June 18, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618130134/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/jun/19/fault-in-our-stars-review-john-green |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Christy Lemire]] writing for [[Roger Ebert]]'s website gave it two stars out of four and criticized the film for being "emotionally inert, despite its many moments that are meant to put a lump in our throats." Lemire criticized Elgort's performance and praised Woodley's "abiding, disarming naturalism."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lemire |first1=Christy |title=The Fault in Our Stars Movie Review by Christy Lemire |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-fault-in-our-stars-2014 |access-date=September 25, 2014 |work=rogerebert.com |date=June 6, 2014 |archive-date=January 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130021939/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-fault-in-our-stars-2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Robbie Collin]] writing for ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' said, "Gus is something of a manic pixie dreamboat: the lesser-spotted male version of the kooky, adoring girlfriend-type sometimes played by [[Kirsten Dunst]], [[Natalie Portman]], and [[Zooey Deschanel]]."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Collin |first1=Robbie |title=The Fault in Our Stars, film review: 'tenderly performed' |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/filmreviews/10904822/The-Fault-in-Our-Stars-film-review-tenderly-performed.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/filmreviews/10904822/The-Fault-in-Our-Stars-film-review-tenderly-performed.html |archive-date=January 12, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=August 12, 2014 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=June 17, 2014 |location=London}}{{cbignore}}</ref> [[David Edelstein]] of [[NPR]] said, <blockquote>I know people who cried at the trailer of the romantic teen cancer movie ''The Fault in Our Stars''{{mdash}}at the movie they'll need a life preserver to keep from drowning in a flood of tears. Me, I didn't cry, though at times my tear ducts tingled; I was on the verge. The film is a little slick for my taste, too engineered. But it's gently directed by Josh Boone and beautifully acted. Whatever the faults, it's not in the stars.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Edelstein |first1=David |title=Beautiful Acting Aside, It Isn't Hard To Find Fault In ''Our Stars'' |url=https://www.npr.org/2014/06/06/319494198/beautiful-acting-aside-it-isnt-hard-to-find-fault-in-our-stars |access-date=August 12, 2014 |work=[[NPR]] |date=June 6, 2014 |archive-date=June 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630105329/https://www.npr.org/2014/06/06/319494198/beautiful-acting-aside-it-isnt-hard-to-find-fault-in-our-stars |url-status=live }}</ref></blockquote> Shalini Langer of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' gave the film two and a half stars and said, "The film is faithful to a fault from the dialogues to the clothes, the setting and the food, even while skipping over some of the unpleasant details."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Langer |first1=Shalini |title=The Fault in Our Stars film review |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/the-fault-in-our-stars-film-review/99/ |access-date=August 12, 2014 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=July 4, 2014 |archive-date=June 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630105638/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/the-fault-in-our-stars-film-review/99/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Dana Stevens (critic)|Dana Stevens]] writing for ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate Magazine]]'' said, "What in the name of God is wrong with me that I didn't cry once{{mdash}}I, who just the day before wept through the entirety of my child's thoroughly upbeat school play."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Stevens |first1=Dana |title=The Fault In Our Stars |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/movies/2014/06/the_fault_in_our_stars_starring_shailene_woodley_reviewed.html |access-date=September 24, 2014 |work=Slate |date=June 6, 2014 |archive-date=June 18, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618053850/http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/movies/2014/06/the_fault_in_our_stars_starring_shailene_woodley_reviewed.html |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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Two Christian reviewers<ref>{{cite web |last=Baird |first=David |title=''The Fault in Our Stars'' |url=http://www.thinkingfaith.org/articles/fault-our-stars |website=Thinking Faith |publisher=Jesuits in Britain |date=June 27, 2014 |access-date=July 7, 2014 |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202182006/https://thinkingfaith.org/articles/fault-our-stars |url-status=live }}</ref> and some theologians<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mena |first1=Adelaide |title=''The Fault in Our Stars'' hailed for themes on suffering, love |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/29847/the-fault-in-our-stars-hailed-for-themes-on-suffering-love |website=Catholic News Agency |access-date=July 18, 2014 |archive-date=November 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126190341/https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/the-fault-in-our-stars-hailed-for-themes-on-suffering-love-92623 |url-status=live }}</ref> have mentioned the presence of Christian themes in the film. Writing for [[Catholic News Agency]], [[Robert Barron (priest)|Robert Barron]] said:<blockquote> I don't think it is the least bit accidental that Waters (Gus's last name) and Grace (Hazel's middle name) met in the sacred heart of Christ and thereby, despite their shared suffering, managed to give life to one another&nbsp;... [and so] Hazel effectively repudiates her nihilism and materialism as she responds across the barrier of death to Gus's 'okay.{{'"}} He also noted, "[Is] this film a satisfying presentation of Christianity? Hardly. But for those who are struggling to find their way to meaning and faith, it's not an entirely bad place to start."<ref name="catholicnewsagency">{{cite news |last1=Barron |first1=Robert |title=''The Fault in Our Stars'' and the Sacred Heart of Jesus |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/column/52929 |access-date=September 23, 2014 |website=Catholic News Agency |date=July 1, 2014 |archive-date=April 5, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405060731/http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/column.php?n=2930 |url-status=live }}</ref></blockquote><br />
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The film's studio, 20th Century Fox, mounted an unsuccessful campaign to have Shailene Woodley nominated for the [[Academy Award for Best Actress]], as well as the film's adapted screenplay.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2014/11/20/the-case-for-shailene-woodleys-fault-in-our-stars-oscar-nomination/ |work=Forbes |first=Scott |last=Mendelson |title=Why Shailene Woodley In ''Fault In Our Stars'' Deserves An Oscar Nod |access-date=September 15, 2017 |archive-date=November 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130214457/https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2014/11/20/the-case-for-shailene-woodleys-fault-in-our-stars-oscar-nomination/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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===Box office===<br />
''The Fault in Our Stars'' earned $124.9{{nbsp}}million in North America and $182.3{{nbsp}}million in other countries for a worldwide total of $307.2{{nbsp}}million, against a production budget of $12{{nbsp}}million.<ref name="BOM">{{cite web |url=https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=faultinourstars.htm |title=The Fault In Our Stars (2014) |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=November 11, 2014 |archive-date=November 11, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111024232/http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=faultinourstars.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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In North America, the film's income received a boost from "The Night Before Our Stars", a premium-priced event for which tickets sold for up to $25. The event included a screening of the film and a simulcast question-and-answer session with cast and crew, including Woodley, Elgort, Wolff, and Green.<ref name="BOMJune05">{{cite web |last=Subers |first=Ray |title=Forecast: ''Fault'' to Push Cruise to the ''Edge'' of the Box Office |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=3853 |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |date=June 5, 2014 |access-date=April 17, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630081019/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=3853 |url-status=live }}</ref> The film earned $8.2{{nbsp}}million from Thursday-night showings and $26.1{{nbsp}}million on its opening day.<ref name="BOMJune07">{{cite web |last=Subers |first=Ray |title=Friday Report: ''Fault'' Shines, ''Edge'' Flatlines on Friday |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=3854 |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |date=June 7, 2014 |access-date=April 17, 2020 |archive-date=November 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116031000/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=3854 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2014/06/the-fault-in-our-stars-stellar-8-2m-in-late-nights-edge-of-tomorrow-1-8m-741250/ |title=Updated: ''The Fault In Our Stars'' Spectacular Friday, Matinees Exceptional, Stellar $8.2M Thursday; ''Edge Of Tomorrow'' Yesterday's News |first=Anita |last=Busch |work=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |date=June 6, 2014 |access-date=December 9, 2014 |archive-date=November 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129041929/http://deadline.com/2014/06/the-fault-in-our-stars-stellar-8-2m-in-late-nights-edge-of-tomorrow-1-8m-741250/ |url-status=live }}</ref> During its opening weekend, the film earned $48,002,573 from 3,173 theaters at an average of $15,128 per theater, making it number one in North America.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lang |first1=Brent |title=Box Office: ''Fault in Our Stars'' Soars Past Tom Cruise With $48.2 Mil |url=https://variety.com/2014/film/news/box-office-fault-in-our-stars-soars-past-tom-cruise-with-48-2-mil-1201215870/ |access-date=September 24, 2014 |work=Variety |date=June 8, 2014 |archive-date=January 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125151512/https://variety.com/2014/film/news/box-office-fault-in-our-stars-soars-past-tom-cruise-with-48-2-mil-1201215870/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
At locations outside North America, ''The Fault in Our Stars'' earned $16.59{{nbsp}}million from 2,892 screens in 17 markets in its opening weekend, placing at number four behind ''[[Edge of Tomorrow (film)|Edge of Tomorrow]]'' ($81{{nbsp}}million), ''[[Maleficent (film)|Maleficent]]'' ($61.7{{nbsp}}million), and ''[[X-Men: Days of Future Past]]'' ($41.1{{nbsp}}million). Brazil, Mexico, and Australia generated the highest income with $5.8{{nbsp}}million, $3.8{{nbsp}}million, and $3.7{{nbsp}}million respectively.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2014/06/intl-box-office-edge-of-tomorrow-no-1-with-82m-fault-in-our-stars-shines-in-brazil-mexico-oz-maleficent-adds-59-7m-x-men-crosses-100m-in-china-more-2-786479/ |title=Intl Box Office: ''Edge Of Tomorrow'' No. 1 With $81M; ''Fault In Our Stars'' Shines Bright In Brazil, Mexico, Oz; ''Maleficent'' Adds $61.7M; ''X-Men'' Crosses $100M In China; More |first=Nancy |last=Tartaglione |work=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |date=June 9, 2014 |access-date=December 9, 2014 |archive-date=June 27, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627102459/http://deadline.com/2014/06/intl-box-office-edge-of-tomorrow-no-1-with-82m-fault-in-our-stars-shines-in-brazil-mexico-oz-maleficent-adds-59-7m-x-men-crosses-100m-in-china-more-2-786479/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The following week the film earned $16.1{{nbsp}}million from 40 markets, remaining at number 4 again.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://deadline.com/2014/06/intl-box-office-godzilla-thrashes-again-with-38m-weekend-led-by-china-how-to-train-your-dragon-2-fires-up-24-8m-more-788313/ |title=Final Int'l Box Office: ''Godzilla'' Thrashes Again With $38.4M Weekend Led By China; 'How To Train Your Dragon 2′ Fires Up $24.4M; ''Fault'' On Fire In Brazil |first=Nancy |last=Tartaglione |work=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |date=June 16, 2014 |access-date=December 9, 2014 |archive-date=June 23, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140623050140/http://www.deadline.com/2014/06/intl-box-office-godzilla-thrashes-again-with-38m-weekend-led-by-china-how-to-train-your-dragon-2-fires-up-24-8m-more/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
===Accolades===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! Award !! Category!! Recipient !!Result<br />
|-<br />
| [[Golden Trailer Awards|15th Golden Trailer Awards]]<ref>{{cite web |title=15th Golden Trailer Awards |url=http://www.goldentrailer.com/awards.gta15.php |website=Golden Trailer |access-date=June 13, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105134437/http://www.goldentrailer.com/awards.gta15.php |archive-date=January 5, 2015}}</ref><br />
| Best Romance<br />
|''The Fault In Our Stars''<br />
<br />
|{{won}}<br />
|-<br />
<br />
|[[Golden Space Needle Award]]<br />
|Best Film<br />
|''The Fault in Our Stars''<br />
|{{nom}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="7" | [[2014 Teen Choice Awards|Teen Choice Awards 2014]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Teen Choice Awards 2014 Nominees |url=http://www.etonline.com/awards/147518_teen_choice_awards_2014_nominees/index.html |website=ET Online |access-date=June 17, 2014 |archive-date=October 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022113150/http://www.etonline.com/awards/147518_teen_choice_awards_2014_nominees/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
| [[Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie - Drama|Choice Movie: Drama]]<br />
| ''The Fault in Our Stars''<br />
| {{Won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| Choice Movie Actor: Drama<br />
| [[Ansel Elgort]]<br />
| {{Won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| Choice Movie Actress: Drama<br />
| [[Shailene Woodley]]<br />
| {{won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| Choice Movie: Breakout Star<br />
| Ansel Elgort<br />
| {{Won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| [[Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Scene Stealer|Choice Movie: Scene Stealer]]<br />
| [[Nat Wolff]]<br />
| {{won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| Choice Movie: Chemistry<br />
| Ansel Elgort, Shailene Woodley, and Nat Wolff<br />
| {{Won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| Choice Movie: Liplock<br />
| Ansel Elgort and Shailene Woodley<br />
| {{won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="6" | [[Young Hollywood Awards]]<ref>{{cite web |title=2014 Young Hollywood Award Nominees |url=http://yhawards.com/nominees/ |website=yhawards.com |access-date=June 30, 2014 |archive-date=July 2, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702155952/http://yhawards.com/nominees/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
|Fan Favorite Actor&nbsp;– Male<br />
|Ansel Elgort<br />
| {{won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|Fan Favorite Actor&nbsp;– Female<br />
|Shailene Woodley<br />
| {{nominated}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|Breakthrough Actor<br />
|Ansel Elgort<br />
| {{nominated}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|Best On-Screen Couple<br />
|Ansel Elgort and Shailene Woodley<br />
| {{won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|Best Cast Chemistry&nbsp;– Film<br />
|''The Fault in Our Stars''<br />
| {{won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|Favorite Flick<br />
|''The Fault in Our Stars''<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
|Kid's Choice Awards Argentina<br />
|Favorite Movie<br />
|''The Fault in Our Stars''<br />
|{{Won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="1"|[[18th Hollywood Film Awards]]<br />
|Hollywood Breakout Performance – Actress<br />
|Shailene Woodley<br />
|{{won}}<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="3"|[[41st People's Choice Awards]]<br />
|Favorite Movie Duo<br />
|Shailene Woodley and Ansel Elgort<br />
| {{nominated}}<br />
|-<br />
|Favorite Dramatic Movie Actress<br />
|Shailene Woodley<br />
|{{nominated}}<br />
|-<br />
|Favorite Dramatic Movie<br />
|''The Fault in Our Stars''<br />
|{{won}}<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="7" |[[2015 MTV Movie Awards|MTV Movie Awards]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2095540/mtv-movie-awards-nominations-2015/ |title=Here Are Your 2015 MTV Movie Awards Nominees |work=MTV |access-date=March 13, 2015 |archive-date=April 12, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412072632/http://www.mtv.com/news/2095540/mtv-movie-awards-nominations-2015/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
| Movie of the Year<br />
| ''The Fault in Our Stars''<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Male Performance<br />
| Ansel Elgort<br />
| {{nominated}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Female Performance<br />
| Shailene Woodley<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|-<br />
| Breakthrough Performance<br />
| Ansel Elgort<br />
| {{nominated}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best On-Screen Duo<br />
| Shailene Woodley and Ansel Elgort<br />
| {{nominated}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Shirtless Performance<br />
| Ansel Elgort<br />
| {{nominated}}<br />
|-<br />
| Best Kiss<br />
| Ansel Elgort and Shailene Woodley<br />
| {{won}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Remake and similar film==<br />
===''Dil Bechara''===<br />
{{Main|Dil Bechara}}<br />
<br />
On August 6, 2014, India's [[Fox Star Studios]] announced its intention to remake the film. In March 2018, actor [[Sushant Singh Rajput]] was announced as the male lead in the official Hindi remake of the film. The film also marks the directorial debut of former casting director [[Mukesh Chhabra]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The Fault In Our Stars remake: Sushant Singh Rajput, debutante Sanjana Sanghi in Mukesh Chhabra's directorial debut |url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/the-fault-in-our-stars-remake-sushant-singh-rajput-debutante-sanjana-sanghi-in-mukesh-chhabras-directorial-debut-4395745.html |website=Firstpost |date=March 19, 2018 |access-date=March 19, 2018 |archive-date=March 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180319080013/http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/the-fault-in-our-stars-remake-sushant-singh-rajput-debutante-sanjana-sanghi-in-mukesh-chhabras-directorial-debut-4395745.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=''The Fault In Our Stars'' remake: Sushant Singh Rajput to romance Sanjana Sanghi in Mukesh Chhabra's film |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-the-fault-in-our-stars-remake-sushant-singh-rajput-to-romance-sanjana-sanghi-in-mukesh-chhabra-s-film-2595291 |website=dna |access-date=March 19, 2018 |date=March 19, 2018 |archive-date=March 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180319215524/http://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-the-fault-in-our-stars-remake-sushant-singh-rajput-to-romance-sanjana-sanghi-in-mukesh-chhabra-s-film-2595291 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Oscar winner [[A.R. Rahman]] composed its music.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/oscar-winning-composer-a-r-rahman-score-bollywood-remake-fault-stars-1093003 |title=A. R. Rahman Signs Up for Bollywood Remake of ''Fault in Our Stars'' |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=March 7, 2018 |access-date=January 15, 2020 |archive-date=September 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926194619/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/oscar-winning-composer-a-r-rahman-score-bollywood-remake-fault-stars-1093003 |url-status=live }}</ref> Actress [[Sanjana Sanghi]] was announced as the female lead.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sanjana Sanghi To Star Opposite Sushant Singh Rajput In ''The Fault In Our Stars'' Remake |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/sanjana-sanghi-to-star-opposite-sushant-singh-rajput-in-the-fault-in-our-stars-remake-1693571.html |website=News18 |date=March 19, 2018 |access-date=March 19, 2018 |archive-date=March 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180319094915/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/sanjana-sanghi-to-star-opposite-sushant-singh-rajput-in-the-fault-in-our-stars-remake-1693571.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The movie was released to [[Disney+ Hotstar]] on July 24, 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 25, 2020|title=Dil Bechara, Sushant Singh Rajput's last film, to premiere on Disney+ Hotstar on 24 July|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dil-bechara-sushant-singh-rajputs-last-film-to-premiere-on-disney-hotstar-on-24-july-8525261.html|access-date=July 24, 2020|website=Firstpost|archive-date=August 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805075326/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dil-bechara-sushant-singh-rajputs-last-film-to-premiere-on-disney-hotstar-on-24-july-8525261.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
===''A Little Red Flower''===<br />
{{Main|A Little Red Flower}}<br />
The 2020 Chinese film ''A Little Red Flower'' has been noted for having significant similarities to ''The Fault in Our Stars'', which was never theatrically released in China.<ref name="THRControversy">{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/chinese-blockbusters-similarity-to-foxs-fault-in-our-stars-ignites-debate-over-derivative-work-exclusive |title=Chinese Blockbuster's Similarity to Fox's ''Fault In Our Stars'' Ignites Debate Over Derivative Work (Exclusive)|date=January 13, 2021|first1=Patrick |last1=Brzeski|first2=Kim |last2=Masters|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113165923/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/chinese-blockbusters-similarity-to-foxs-fault-in-our-stars-ignites-debate-over-derivative-work-exclusive|archive-date=January 13, 2021|url-status=live|access-date=January 13, 2021}}</ref> ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' reported on January 13, 2021, that [[Fox Corporation|Fox]] had attempted to create a Chinese remake to ''The Fault in Our Stars'' in 2016, with the former president of [[20th Century Fox|Fox International Productions]], Tomas Jegeus, confirming that a remake was indeed in development at the studio with Yin Lu and Han Yan producing and Yu Yonggan writing the film's script.<ref name="THRControversy"/><br />
<br />
Shortly after, two official film notices announced that the remake was in the works, but after the [[acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney]], the studio decided to drop the film in 2018 to work on ''Dil Bechara''.<ref name="THRControversy"/> In 2018, a notice was released by the [[China Film Administration]] for a project titled ''Hopeless in Love'', which would be produced by HG Entertainment and Lian Ray Pictures, with a premise similar to the original remake that had been in development.<ref name="THRControversy"/> In 2020, ''A Little Red Flower'' was released from the same production companies, and with Yin Lu producing, Yu Yonggan co-writing, and Han Yan directing, but with no credit or mentions to Fox.<ref name="THRControversy"/> However, Han said that many of the scenes portrayed in the story were inspired by real-life events that he witnessed himself.<ref name="Premise">{{cite web|url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3117351/new-jackson-yee-movie-little-red-flower-chinas-first-box|title=New Jackson Yee movie ''A Little Red Flower'' is China's first box office hit of 2021 – how the terminal romance story won over audiences|date=January 12, 2021|first=Elaine |last=Yau|website=[[South China Morning Post]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113173415/https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3117351/new-jackson-yee-movie-little-red-flower-chinas-first-box|archive-date=January 13, 2021|url-status=live|access-date=January 13, 2021}}</ref> Both Disney, who acquired Fox, and ''A Little Red Flower''{{'}}s co-producer Lian Ray have declined to comment on the matter.<ref name="THRControversy" /><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist|refs=<br />
<ref name="tomatoes">{{Cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_fault_in_our_stars/ |title=The Fault In Our Stars (2014) |website=Rotten Tomatoes |access-date=February 11, 2021 |archive-date=June 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140608042423/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_fault_in_our_stars/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<ref name="metacritic">{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-fault-in-our-stars |title=The Fault in Our Stars Reviews |website=Metacritic |access-date=June 6, 2014 |archive-date=August 8, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180808164532/http://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-fault-in-our-stars |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Wikiquote|John Green#The Fault in Our Stars (2012)|The Fault in Our Stars}}<br />
* {{Official website| https://web.archive.org/web/20140201165304/http://thefaultinourstarsmovie.com/}}<br />
* {{IMDb title}}<br />
* {{TCMDb title}}<br />
* {{mojo title}}<br />
* {{rotten-tomatoes}}<br />
* {{metacritic film}}<br />
<br />
{{Josh Boone|state=expanded}}<br />
{{John Green}}<br />
{{Teen Choice Award Choice Movie Drama}}<br />
{{MTV Movie Award for Best Movie}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fault in Our Stars (film), The}}<br />
[[Category:The Fault in Our Stars (film)| ]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century Fox films]]<br />
[[Category:2014 American films]]<br />
[[Category:2010s coming-of-age drama films]]<br />
[[Category:2014 English-language films]]<br />
[[Category:2010s teen drama films]]<br />
[[Category:2010s teen romance films]]<br />
[[Category:2014 films]]<br />
[[Category:2014 romantic drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Albums produced by Dan Wilson (musician)]]<br />
[[Category:Coming-of-age romance films]]<br />
[[Category:American coming-of-age drama films]]<br />
[[Category:American romantic drama films]]<br />
[[Category:American teen drama films]]<br />
[[Category:American teen romance films]]<br />
[[Category:Films about Anne Frank]]<br />
[[Category:Films about blind people in the United States]]<br />
[[Category:Films about cancer in the United States]]<br />
[[Category:Films about death]]<br />
[[Category:Films about disability in the United States]]<br />
[[Category:Films about fandom]]<br />
[[Category:Films about friendship]]<br />
[[Category:Films based on American novels]]<br />
[[Category:Films based on romance novels]]<br />
[[Category:Films based on works by John Green (author)]]<br />
[[Category:Films based on young adult literature]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by Josh Boone]]<br />
[[Category:Films produced by Wyck Godfrey]]<br />
[[Category:Films set in Amsterdam]]<br />
[[Category:Films set in Indianapolis]]<br />
[[Category:Films set in Indiana]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Amsterdam]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Pittsburgh]]<br />
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Scott Neustadter and Michael H. Weber]]<br />
[[Category:Temple Hill Entertainment films]]<br />
[[Category:English-language romantic drama films]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anna_Flyover&diff=486785Anna Flyover2026-03-09T05:23:40Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: New A Entry</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Bridge in India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox road junction<br />
|country=IND<br />
|road_type=<br />
|name=Anna Flyover<br />
|image=Gemini Flyover-Mount road-Chennai.jpg<br />
|image_caption=Anna flyover<br />
|other_names=<br />
|location= [[Chennai]], India<br />
|coord= {{coord|13.05238|N|80.25104|E|display=inline,title|type:landmark}}<br />
|roads= [[Anna Salai|Mount Road]]<br/>Nungambakkam High Road<br/>Cathedral Road<br />
|type= [[Overpass|Flyover]]<br />
|spans=<br />
|lanes= 2<br />
|const=1973<br />
|contractor= East Coast Construction and Industries<br />
|opened= {{start date|1973}}<br />
|height= {{convert|4.3|m|ft}}<br />
|width={{convert|20|m|ft}}<br />
|maint= <br />
|tolls=<br />
|map=<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Anna Flyover''', also known as '''Gemini Flyover''', is a dual-armed [[grade separator]] in the central business district of [[Chennai]], India. Built in 1973, it is the first flyover in Chennai<ref>{{cite web<br />
|title=History of Chennai <br />
|publisher=ChennaiBest.com <br />
|url=http://www.chennaibest.com/discoverchennai/sightseeing/history/1951.asp <br />
|access-date=16 Jan 2012 <br />
|url-status=dead <br />
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205062627/http://www.chennaibest.com/discoverchennai/sightseeing/history/1951.asp <br />
|archive-date=2012-02-05 <br />
}}</ref><ref name="JunctionSetForChange">{{cite news <br />
| last = Sreevatsan <br />
| first = Ajai <br />
| title = Junction beneath flyover set for change <br />
| newspaper = The Hindu<br />
| location = Chennai<br />
| date = 19 July 2010 <br />
| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Chennai/article522283.ece<br />
| access-date = 15 January 2012}}</ref> and the third in India. It was the longest flyover in the country at its completion.<ref name="FlyoverWallMended">{{cite news<br />
| last = Ramakrishnan <br />
| first = Deepa H. <br />
| title = Flyover wall mended after 3 days <br />
| newspaper = The Hindu<br />
| location = Chennai<br />
| date = 1 July 2012 <br />
| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/article3589297.ece<br />
| access-date = 5 Jul 2012}}</ref> It allows traffic movements on [[Anna Salai]] (formerly Mount Road) to cross traffic with grade separation. The area and the flyover is named after the now-demolished [[Gemini Studios]].<br />
<br />
On two sides of the circle roundabout below the centre of the flyover are two identical statues that commemorate the banning of [[horse racing]] in [[Tamil Nadu]].<br />
<br />
==History and design==<br />
Anna flyover was constructed in 1973 by East Coast Construction and Industries in 21 months at a cost of {{INR}} 6.6 million and was opened to traffic on 1 July 1973. The architects of the flyover had made provision for its extension, if necessary, on either side. Its design has remained nearly identical since the 1970s.<ref name="FlyoverWallMended"/> The flyover is 500&nbsp;m long.<ref>{{cite news<br />
|title=புதிய வர்ணம் பூசி அண்ணா மேம்பாலம் அழகுபடுத்தப்படுகிறது: நெடுஞ்சாலைத்துறை ஏற்பாடு <br />
|newspaper=Maalaimalar <br />
|location=Chennai <br />
|language=ta <br />
|date=21 August 2013 <br />
|url=http://www.maalaimalar.com/2013/08/21154420/Garnished-with-fresh-painted-A.html<br />
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823105008/http://www.maalaimalar.com/2013/08/21154420/Garnished-with-fresh-painted-A.html<br />
|url-status=dead<br />
|archive-date=23 August 2013<br />
|access-date=13 Sep 2013 <br />
}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Landmarks==<br />
[[File:Equestrian Statue Anna Salai Chennai.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Equestrian statue on the [[Nungambakkam]] side of Anna flyover]] This Equestrian horse statue was sculpted by the M. N. Jayaram Nagappa son of sculptor [[M. S. Nagappa|Rao Bahadur M. S. Nagappa]] and brother of [[Mani Nagappa|M. N. Mani Nagappa]], who is also a sculptor.<br />
<br />
Notable landmarks abutting the Anna Flyover include the old [[Safire Theatre complex]], the [[Oxford University Press]] and the [[Consulate General of the United States, Chennai|U.S. Consulate]]. <br />
<br />
Gemini studio has been demolished and a shopping complex called Parson Manor and a 5-star deluxe hotel called [[The Park, Chennai|The Park]] have been built in its place. Opposite to these across the flyover lies the [[Semmozhi Poonga]], the 20-acre, {{INR}} 80-million botanical garden constructed by the horticultural department.<br />
<br />
==Traffic==<br />
In the 1970s, over 9,000 vehicles crossed the junction during peak hour. By the 2010s, the stretch between [[Parry's Corner]] and [[Nandanam]] was used by over 16,000 vehicles during rush hour. Anna Salai is used by over 0.183 million vehicles every day.<ref name="FlyoverWallMended"/><br />
<br />
An average of 20,000&nbsp;vehicles per hour pass through the intersection beneath the flyover.<ref name="JunctionSetForChange"/><br />
<br />
==Developments==<br />
The government had plans to lease out the area under the flyover to a restaurant, a shopping centre, godowns and a parking lot, and for advertising.<ref name="FlyoverWallMended"/><br />
<br />
A preliminary study by Chennai City Connect, an NGO working on improving traffic and transport conditions in Chennai, found that the Gemini Circle intersection costs the city {{INR}} 270,000 a day in [[petrol]], [[human capital]] and ecological loss.<ref name="JunctionSetForChange"/><ref>{{cite web<br />
| last = Robinson <br />
| first = Daniel <br />
| title = Ever realise this about Anna Flyover? <br />
| publisher = Chennai City Connect <br />
| date = 17 May 2010 <br />
| url = http://chennaicityconnect.com/featured/gemini-flyover/<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100622050606/http://chennaicityconnect.com/featured/gemini-flyover/<br />
| url-status = usurped<br />
| archive-date = 22 June 2010<br />
| access-date = 15 January 2012}}</ref> There are plans to build a flyover on top of the existing flyover.<ref name="JunctionSetForChange"/> A short-term plan at a cost of {{INR}} 9 million has also been planned.<ref>{{cite news <br />
| last = Hemalatha <br />
| first = Karthikeyan <br />
| title = Gemini Junction may be redesigned to redirect traffic <br />
| location = Chennai<br />
| date = 7 September 2011 <br />
| url = http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-09-07/chennai/30122711_1_traffic-islands-traffic-police-g-n-chetty-road<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111107000706/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-09-07/chennai/30122711_1_traffic-islands-traffic-police-g-n-chetty-road<br />
| url-status = dead<br />
| archive-date = 7 November 2011<br />
| newspaper = [[The Times of India]]<br />
| access-date = 15 January 2012}}</ref><br />
<br />
Anna Flyover is now maintained by Aircel Cellular as a part of corporate social responsibility, which has implemented LED lighting accentuating the parapets of the flyover. LED lighting to beautify a public structure has been implemented for the first time in India by city-based Abra Media Networks; TNRIDC, a division of Highways, has awarded the contract to Aircel starting from July 2010.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}<br />
<br />
==Accidents and incidents==<br />
In January 1998, a small bomb was detonated under the flyover near the American consulate building.<ref>{{cite web<br />
| last = Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC)<br />
| title = India 2012 OSAC Crime and Safety Report: Chennai<br />
| publisher = U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Diplomatic Security<br />
| date = 5 April 2012<br />
| url = https://www.osac.gov/Pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=12324<br />
| access-date = 31 Jul 2012}}</ref><br />
<br />
On 27 June 2012, over 40 people were injured when a [[Metropolitan Transport Corporation (Chennai)|Metropolitan Transport Corporation]] bus overturned while negotiating a curve and fell from the flyover<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-27/chennai/32440298_1_bus-conductor-driver-first-flyover | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120705040649/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-27/chennai/32440298_1_bus-conductor-driver-first-flyover | url-status=dead | archive-date=5 July 2012 | title=Over 30 injured as bus falls off flyover in Chennai|date=27 June 2012| work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=27 Jun 2012}}</ref> from a height of 20&nbsp;ft.<ref>{{cite news<br />
| title = Driver of bus that fell off Anna flyover dismissed by MTC <br />
| location = Chennai<br />
| date = 25 October 2012 <br />
| url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Driver-of-bus-that-fell-off-Anna-flyover-dismissed-by-MTC/articleshow/16947389.cms<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131208001455/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-10-25/chennai/34728792_1_mtc-drivers-mtc-buses-flyover<br />
| url-status = live<br />
| archive-date = 8 December 2013<br />
| newspaper = [[The Times of India]]<br />
| access-date = 25 Oct 2012}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
{{Portal|India}}<br />
* [[Flyovers in Chennai]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Bridges in Chennai}}<br />
{{Chennai topics|left}}<br />
{{Transport in Chennai}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Bridges completed in 1973]]<br />
[[Category:Road interchanges in India]]<br />
[[Category:Bridges and flyovers in Chennai]]<br />
[[Category:Memorials to C. N. Annadurai]]<br />
[[Category:1973 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century architecture in India]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranjitram_Suvarna_Chandrak&diff=529658Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak2026-02-11T18:14:15Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox award<br />
| name = Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak<br />
| subheader = Ranjitram Gold Medal<br />
| current_awards =<br />
| image =<br />
| imagesize = 200px<br />
| caption =<br />
| awarded_for = Contributions in the field of Gujarati literature and culture<br />
| presenter = [[Gujarat Sahitya Sabha]]<br />
|holder = [[Kumarpal Desai]]<br />
| country =India<br />
| location =[[Ahmedabad]]<br />
| year = 1928<br />
| year2 = 2015<br />
| website = <br />
}}<br />
'''Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak''', also known as the '''Ranjitram Gold Medal''', was founded by [[Gujarat Sahitya Sabha]] and is considered the highest literary award in [[Gujarati literature]]. The award is named after renowned Gujarati writer [[Ranjitram Mehta]]. It is awarded since 1928.<ref name="AGSI"/> The award has not been presented since 2015.<ref name="Parab 2025">{{cite magazine |last=Topiwala|first=Chandrakant|author-link=Chandrakant Topiwala|editor-last=Dudhat|editor-first=Kirit|title=Chandrakant Topiwala's letter|magazine=Parab|publisher=[[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]]|location=Ahmedabad|date=October 2025|page=79}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Recipients==<br />
List of recipients:<ref name="AGSI">{{cite book|title=અર્વાચીન ગુજરાતી સાહિત્યનો ઈતિહાસ - આધુનિક અને અનુઆધુનિક યુગ|last=Brahmabhatt|first=Prasad|publisher=Parshwa Publication|year=2010|isbn=978-93-5108-247-7|location=Ahmedabad|pages=1403|language=gu|trans-title=History of Modern Gujarati Literature – Modern and Postmodern Era}}</ref><br />
* 1928 [[Jhaverchand Meghani]] <br />
* 1929 [[Gijubhai Badheka]]<br />
* 1930 [[Ravishankar Raval]]<br />
* 1931 [[Vijayray Vaidya]]<br />
* 1932 [[Ramanlal Desai]]<br />
* 1933 [[Ratnamanirao Jote]]<br />
* 1934 [[Sundaram (writer)|Sundaram]]<br />
* 1935 [[Vishwanath Bhatt]]<br />
* 1936 [[Chandravadan Mehta]]<br />
* 1937 [[Chunilal Shah]]<br />
* 1938 [[Kanu Desai]]<br />
* 1939 [[Umashankar Joshi]]<ref name=aw>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-poet-umashankar-joshi-remembered-1473880|publisher=DNA|date=2010-11-29|access-date=2013-12-01|title=Poet Umashankar Joshi remembered|archive-date=2013-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203031619/http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-poet-umashankar-joshi-remembered-1473880|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* 1940 [[Dhansukhlal Mehta]]<br />
* 1941 [[Jyotindra Dave]]<br />
* 1942 [[Rasiklal Parikh]]<br />
* 1943 [[Omkarnath Thakur]]<br />
* 1944 [[Vishnuprasad Trivedi]]<br />
* 1945 [[Gunvantrai Acharya]]<br />
* 1946 [[Dolarrai Mankad]]<br />
* 1947 Harinarayan Aacharya<br />
* 1948 [[Bachubhai Ravat]]<br />
* 1949 [[Somalal Shah]]<br />
* 1950 [[Pannalal Patel]]<br />
* 1951 [[Jaishankar Bhojak]] 'Sundari'<br />
* 1952 [[Keshavram Kashiram Shastri]]<br />
* 1953 [[Bhogilal Sandesara]]<br />
* 1954 Chandulal Patel <br />
* 1955 [[Anantrai Raval]]<br />
* 1956 [[Rajendra Shah (author)|Rajendra Shah]]<br />
* 1957 [[Chunilal Madia]]<br />
* 1958 [[Krishnalal Shridharani]]<br />
* 1959 [[Jayanti Dalal]]<br />
* 1960 [[Hariprasad Shastri]]<br />
* 1961 [[Ishwar Petlikar]]<br />
* 1962 [[Ramsinhji Rathod]]<br />
* 1963 [[Harivallabh Bhayani]]<br />
* 1964 [[Manubhai Pancholi]]<br />
* 1965 Bapalal Vaidya<br />
* 1966 [[Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia|Hasmukh Sankaliya]]<br />
* 1967 [[Snehrashmi]]<br />
* 1968 [[Manjulal Majmudar]]<br />
* 1969 [[Niranjan Bhagat]]<br />
* 1970 [[Shivkumar Joshi]]<br />
* 1971 [[Suresh Joshi]]<br />
* 1972 [[Ushnas|Natvarlal Pandya 'Ushnas']]<br />
* 1973 [[Prabodh Pandit]]<br />
* 1974 [[Hiraben Pathak]]<br />
* 1975 [[Raghuveer Chaudhari]]<br />
* 1976 [[Jayant Pathak]]<br />
* 1977 [[Jashwant Thaker]]<br />
* 1978 Father [[Carlos G. Vallés]]<br />
* 1979 [[Makarand Dave]]<ref name=bkc>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JObSbMwe3aUC&q=ranjitram+suvarna+chandrak&pg=PA84|page=84|title=Modern Gujarati Poetry: A Selection|first=Suguna Ramanathan|last=Rita Kothari|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|year=1998|isbn=9788126002948|access-date=2020-10-18|archive-date=2021-10-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211013173929/https://books.google.com/books?id=JObSbMwe3aUC&q=ranjitram+suvarna+chandrak&pg=PA84|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* 1980 [[Dhiruben Patel]]<br />
* 1981 [[Labhshankar Thakar]]<br />
* 1982 [[Harindra Dave]]<br />
* 1983 [[Suresh Dalal]]<br />
* 1984 [[Bhagwatikumar Sharma]]<br />
* 1985 [[Chandrakant Sheth]]<br />
* 1986 [[Ramesh Parekh]]<br />
* 1987 [[Sitanshu Yashaschandra]]<br />
* 1988 [[Bakul Tripathi]]<br />
* 1989 [[Vinod Bhatt]]<br />
* 1990 [[Nagindas Parekh]]<br />
* 1991 Ramanlal Nagarji Mehta<br />
* 1992 Yashwant Shukla<br />
* 1993 [[Amrut Ghayal|Amrut 'Ghayal']]<br />
* 1994 [[Dhirubhai Thaker]]<br />
* 1995 [[Bholabhai Patel]]<ref name=dna>{{cite news|title=Gujarati litterateur Bholabhai Patel dies|date=21 May 2012|place=Ahmedabad|work=Daily News and Analysis|access-date=June 16, 2014|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/ahmedabad/report-gujarati-litterateur-bholabhai-patel-dies-1691747|archive-date=8 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308032757/http://www.dnaindia.com/ahmedabad/report-gujarati-litterateur-bholabhai-patel-dies-1691747|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* 1996 [[Ramanlal Soni]]<br />
* 1997 [[Gunvant Shah]]<br />
* 1998 [[Gulabdas Broker]]<br />
* 1999 [[Madhu Rye]]<br />
* 2000 [[C. N. Patel]]<ref name="The Times of India 2019">{{cite web | last=John | first=Paul | title=CN Patel, the man who had the privilege to peep into Bapu's inbox, remembered today | website=The Times of India | date=30 January 2019 | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cn-patel-the-man-who-had-the-privilege-to-peep-into-bapus-inbox-remembered-today/articleshow/67758181.cms | access-date=26 July 2021 | archive-date=17 July 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717210720/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/cn-patel-the-man-who-had-the-privilege-to-peep-into-bapus-inbox-remembered-today/articleshow/67758181.cms | url-status=live }}</ref><br />
* 2001 [[Narayan Desai]]<br />
* 2002 [[Chandrakant Topiwala]]<br />
* 2003 Madhusudan Parekh<br />
* 2004 [[Radheshyam Sharma]]<br />
* 2005 [[Varsha Adalja]]<br />
* 2006 [[Rajendra Shukla (poet)|Rajendra Shukla]]<br />
* 2007 [[Mohammad Mankad]]<br />
* 2008 [[Dhiru Parikh]]<br />
* 2009 [[Chimanlal Trivedi]]<br />
* 2010 [[Madhusudan Dhaky]]<ref name="DNA India 2011">{{cite news|title=Dhanki Saheb gets Gujarat literature's top award|newspaper=DNA India|date=20 November 2011|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/ahmedabad/report-dhanki-saheb-gets-gujarat-literature-s-top-award-1615118|access-date=26 July 2021|archive-date=26 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726102635/https://www.dnaindia.com/ahmedabad/report-dhanki-saheb-gets-gujarat-literature-s-top-award-1615118|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
* 2011 [[Dhirendra Mehta]]<br />
* 2012 [[Sunil Kothari]]<ref name="DB2014">{{cite news | title=સુનિલ કોઠારીને રણજિતરામ સુવર્ણચંદ્રક એનાયત કરાશે (Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak will be awarded to Sunil Kothari) | publisher=m.divyabhaskar.co.in | date=30 August 2014 | url=http://m.divyabhaskar.co.in/news/Ahmedabad-City/1041/MGUJ-AHM-ranjitram-suvarna-chandrak-will-be-awarded-sunil-kothhari-4728408-NOR.html | language=gu | access-date=4 January 2015 | archive-date=4 January 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104133356/http://m.divyabhaskar.co.in/news/Ahmedabad-City/1041/MGUJ-AHM-ranjitram-suvarna-chandrak-will-be-awarded-sunil-kothhari-4728408-NOR.html | url-status=live }}</ref><br />
* 2013 [[Nalin Raval]]<ref name="m.divyabhaskar.co.in 2015">{{cite web | title=નલિન રાવળને રણજિતરામ સુવર્ણચંદ્રક | website=m.divyabhaskar.co.in | date=2015-04-26 | url=http://m.divyabhaskar.co.in/news/Ahmedabad-City/1041/MGUJ-AHM-MAT-latest-ahmedabad-news-023504-1763215-NOR.html | language=gu | access-date=2015-05-02 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Navgujaratsamay 2015">{{cite web | title=નલિન રાવળને રણજીતરામ સુવર્ણચંદ્રક એનાયત થયો | website=Navgujaratsamay | date=2015-04-24 | url=http://navgujaratsamay.indiatimes.com/ahmedabad/ahmedabad-other-news/Ranjitram-golden-award-to-nalin-raval/articleshow/47043822.cms | language=gu | access-date=2015-05-02 | archive-date=2017-02-02 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202082104/http://navgujaratsamay.indiatimes.com/ahmedabad/ahmedabad-other-news/Ranjitram-golden-award-to-nalin-raval/articleshow/47043822.cms | url-status=live }}</ref><br />
* 2014 [[Pravin Darji]]<br />
* 2015 [[Kumarpal Desai]]<ref name="Offensive 2017">{{cite web | title=Kumarpal Desai conferred Ranjitram Suvarnachandrak - Times of India | website=The Times of India | date=2017-01-09 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/kumarpal-desai-conferred-ranjitram-suvarnachandrak/articleshow/56396557.cms | access-date=2017-02-09 | archive-date=2017-02-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212043742/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/kumarpal-desai-conferred-ranjitram-suvarnachandrak/articleshow/56396557.cms | url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{Gujarati Vishwakosh}}<br />
<br />
{{Gujarati literary awards}}<br />
[[Category:Awards established in 1928]]<br />
[[Category:1928 establishments in India]]<br />
[[Category:Gujarati literary awards]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Server_Sundaram_(unreleased_film)&diff=534099Server Sundaram (unreleased film)2026-02-09T14:44:16Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: creating new data first draft</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian film}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2026}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| image = Server Sundaram Santhanam.jpg<br />
| caption = Poster with cancelled release date<br />
| director = Anand Balki<br />
| producer = J. Selvakumar<br />
| writer = Anand Balki<br />
| starring = [[Santhanam (actor)|Santhanam]]<br />[[Vaibhavi Shandilya]]<br />
| music = [[Santhosh Narayanan]]<br />
| cinematography = P. K. Varma<br />
| editing = Dinesh Ponraj<br />
| studio = [[Kenanya Films]]<br />Miraacle Movies<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Tamil<br />
}}<br />
'''''Server Sundaram''''' is an unreleased Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[comedy drama]] film written and directed by Anand Balki, and produced by J. Selvakumar. The film stars [[Santhanam (actor)|Santhanam]] in the titular character alongside [[Vaibhavi Shandilya]]. It was filmed in 2016, but failed to have a theatrical release due to distribution issues.<br />
<br />
== Cast ==<br />
{{cast listing|<br />
*[[Santhanam (actor)|Santhanam]] as K. Sundaram<br />
*[[Vaibhavi Shandilya]] as Sanjana<br />
*Bijesh as Raja Pandi<br />
*[[Kiran Rathod]]<br />
*[[Radha Ravi]]<br />
*[[Kitty (actor)|Kitty]]<br />
*[[Maya S. Krishnan]]<br />
*[[Mayilsamy]]<br />
*[[Shanmugarajan]]<br />
*[[Swaminathan]]<br />
*[[Snehan]]<br />
*[[Venkatesh Bhat]]<br />
*[[Chef Damodharan]]<br />
*Poonam Shah<br />
*[[Priyanka Shah]]<br />
*[[Kalloori Vinoth]]<br />
*Gopi Gpr<br />
*Nandagopal<br />
*Ramadoss Rammohan<br />
*Madu Karthiek<br />
*Jan Bostock<br />
*B. Balaji Shankar<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
In December 2015, debutant director Anand Balki announced that he would be making a film with [[Santhanam (actor)|Santhanam]] in the lead role and [[Santhosh Narayanan]] as music composer.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Suganth |first=M. |date=18 December 2015 |title=Santhanam is the hero of Balki's debut film |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Santhanam-is-the-hero-of-Balkis-debut-film/articleshow/50218636.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151221051658/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Santhanam-is-the-hero-of-Balkis-debut-film/articleshow/50218636.cms |archive-date=21 December 2015 |access-date=4 February 2016 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The film was later announced with the title ''Server Sundaram'', with the team having attained permission from [[AVM Productions]], who produced the [[Server Sundaram|1964 film]] of the same name starring [[Nagesh]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Subhakeerthana |first=S. |date=27 February 2017 |title='Server Sundaram will score on novelty' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/tamil/2017/Feb/26/server-sundaram--will-score-on-novelty-1575081.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20241211011230/https://www.newindianexpress.com/tamil/2017/Feb/26/server-sundaram--will-score-on-novelty-1575081.html |archive-date=11 December 2024 |access-date=11 December 2024 |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |language=en }}</ref> Subsequently, the team also chose to cast Nagesh's grandson, Bijesh, in a supporting role of a catering college student.<ref>{{Cite web |last=K R |first=Manigandan |date=25 January 2016 |title=Nagesh's Grandson to Play Second Lead in Server Sundaram |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Nageshs-Grandson-to-Play-Second-Lead-in-Server-Sundaram/2016/01/25/article3243055.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125084329/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/Nageshs-Grandson-to-Play-Second-Lead-in-Server-Sundaram/2016/01/25/article3243055.ece |archive-date=25 January 2016 |access-date=4 February 2016 |website=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sundar |first=Mrinalini |date=25 January 2016 |title=Nagesh's grandson to make his debut with Server Sundaram |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Nageshs-grandson-to-make-his-debut-with-Server-Sundaram/articleshow/50714310.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313002314/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Nageshs-grandson-to-make-his-debut-with-Server-Sundaram/articleshow/50714310.cms |archive-date=13 March 2016 |access-date=4 February 2016 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Major portions of the film were shot in and around [[SRM Institute of Science and Technology]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subhakeerthana |first=S. |date=11 July 2016 |title=Server Sundaram team beckons college students |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2016/Jul/11/server-sundaram-team-beckons-college-students-879501.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20241211011201/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2016/Jul/11/server-sundaram-team-beckons-college-students-879501.html |archive-date=11 December 2024 |access-date=11 December 2024 |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |language=en }}</ref> and [[Accord Metropolitan Hotel, Chennai]].<ref name=":0" /><br />
<br />
For his role of a caterer, Santhanam took training at a five-star restaurant and learnt skills from the restaurant's staff.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 January 2016 |title=Santhanam to learn how to chop veggies |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/santhanam-to-learn-how-to-chop-veggies/articleshow/50683699.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20241211011221/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/santhanam-to-learn-how-to-chop-veggies/articleshow/50683699.cms |archive-date=11 December 2024 |access-date=11 December 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref> The first look poster of the film was released on 20 January 2016 coinciding with Santhanam's birthday, while the makers revealed that project would be shot in Chennai, Goa and Dubai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subhakeerthana |first=S |date=22 January 2016 |title=Actor-comedian Santhanam is a huge fan of Nagesh: Anand Balki |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/kollywood/220116/santhanam-is-a-huge-fan-of-nagesh-anand-balki.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203110106/http://deccanchronicle.com/kollywood/220116/santhanam-is-a-huge-fan-of-nagesh-anand-balki.html |archive-date=3 February 2016 |access-date=4 February 2016 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}</ref> In June 2016, the team shot a song with [[YouTube]] dancers Poonam and Priyanka Shah in Australia, alongside the lead actors.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2016 |title=Twins poonam and priyanka to dance in santa's film |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Twins-poonam-and-priyanka-to-dance-in-santas-film/articleshow/52915736.cms |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160626024600/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Twins-poonam-and-priyanka-to-dance-in-santas-film/articleshow/52915736.cms |archive-date=26 June 2016 |access-date=28 February 2017 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Filming ended by late October 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |last=K |first=Janani |date=28 October 2016 |title=Cop role beckons Santhanam |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/281016/cop-role-beckons-santhanam.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161231044954/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/281016/cop-role-beckons-santhanam.html |archive-date=31 December 2016 |access-date=28 February 2017 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Soundtrack ==<br />
The soundtrack was composed by [[Santhosh Narayanan]]. The first single "Hey Bro" was released on 18 February 2017.<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 February 2017 |title=Here comes Server Sundaram's single 'Bro' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/here-comes-server-sundarams-single-bro/articleshow/57245771.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20241211011238/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/here-comes-server-sundarams-single-bro/articleshow/57245771.cms |archive-date=11 December 2024 |access-date=11 December 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref> The audio launch was held on 10 May the same year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 May 2017 |title=Server Sundaram audio on May 10 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/server-sundaram-audio-on-may-10/articleshow/58548641.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20241211011222/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/server-sundaram-audio-on-may-10/articleshow/58548641.cms |archive-date=11 December 2024 |access-date=11 December 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref><br />
<br />
{{Track listing<br />
| headline = Track listing<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| title1 = Bro<br />
| lyrics1 = [[Vivek (lyricist)|Vivek]]<br />
| extra1 = [[Santhosh Narayanan]]<br />
| length1 = 3:36<br />
| title2 = Nirkadhey<br />
| lyrics2 = Vivek<br />
| extra2 = [[Ananthu (singer)|Ananthu]], Vijay Narain, Santhosh Narayanan<br />
| length2 = 6:18<br />
| title3 = Unave Marundhu<br />
| lyrics3 = Vivek<br />
| extra3 = [[Ranjani–Gayatri]]<br />
| length3 = 5:54<br />
| title4 = Gama Gama Samayal<br />
| lyrics4 = Vivek<br />
| extra4 = [[Anthony Daasan]], Santhosh Narayanan<br />
| length4 = 4:07<br />
| title5 = Kannaal Modhaadhey<br />
| lyrics5 = Muthamil<br />
| extra5 = [[Sid Sriram]]<br />
| length5 = 4:19<br />
| total_length = 24:14<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Release ==<br />
''Server Sundaram'' was originally scheduled for 7 September 2017,<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 August 2017 |title='Server Sundaram' to release on Sep 7 |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/server-sundaram-to-release-on-sep-7-news-tamil-ridkMhghdgdbj.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803111352/http://www.sify.com/movies/server-sundaram-to-release-on-sep-7-news-tamil-ridkMhghdgdbj.html |archive-date=3 August 2017 |access-date=3 August 2017 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> before being rescheduled for 29 September.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 September 2017 |title=Nayanthara's Aramm and Santhanam's Server Sundaram get a release date! |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/nayantharas-aramm-and-santhanams-server-sundaram-get-a-release-date4825647/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210220217/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/nayantharas-aramm-and-santhanams-server-sundaram-get-a-release-date4825647/ |archive-date=10 February 2018 |access-date=15 February 2018 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> After further delays,<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2017 |title=Santhanam involved in a fistfight, gets injured |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/santhanam-involved-in-a-fistfight-gets-injured-4883227/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019163406/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/santhanam-involved-in-a-fistfight-gets-injured-4883227/ |archive-date=19 October 2017 |access-date=19 October 2017 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> it was scheduled for 6 July 2018,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2018 |title=Santhanam's long delayed 'Server Sundaram' to release on July 6 |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/santhanam-s-long-delayed-server-sundaram-to-release-on-july-6-news-tamil-sfskIKjhecijf.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103030639/http://www.sify.com/movies/santhanam-s-long-delayed-server-sundaram-to-release-on-july-6-news-tamil-sfskIKjhecijf.html |archive-date=3 November 2018 |access-date=22 May 2019 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> before being delayed again to avoid competition with ''[[Mr. Chandramouli]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 July 2018 |title='Mr.Chandramouli' to have a big solo release this Friday |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/mr-chandramouli-to-have-a-big-solo-release-this-friday-news-tamil-shckFxgecbgej.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190628174741/http://www.sify.com/movies/mr-chandramouli-to-have-a-big-solo-release-this-friday-news-tamil-shckFxgecbgej.html |archive-date=28 June 2019 |access-date=30 January 2020 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> After being in deadlock for more than a year, it was scheduled for 31 January 2020,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2020 |title=Santhanam's Server Sundaram to be released on Jan 31st |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/santhanams-server-sundaram-to-be-released-on-jan-31st/articleshow/73202981.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016113056/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/santhanams-server-sundaram-to-be-released-on-jan-31st/articleshow/73202981.cms |archive-date=16 October 2021 |access-date=21 January 2020 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> only to be postponed to 14 February to avoid competition with Santhanam's other film, ''[[Dagaalty]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2020 |title='Server Sundaram' producer makes way for Santhanam's 'Dagaalty'; postpones release date |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/server-sundaram-producer-makes-way-for-santhanams-dagaalty-postpones-release-date/articleshow/73727991.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016113059/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/server-sundaram-producer-makes-way-for-santhanams-dagaalty-postpones-release-date/articleshow/73727991.cms |archive-date=16 October 2021 |access-date=30 January 2020 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> and then to 21 February.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2020 |title=Santhanam's 'Server Sundaram' gets postponed again |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/santhanams-server-sundaram-gets-postponed-again/articleshow/74093500.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212093600/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/santhanams-server-sundaram-gets-postponed-again/articleshow/74093500.cms |archive-date=12 February 2020 |access-date=12 February 2020 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> After failing to release on the scheduled date, the film has no new release date, with the director blaming the distributors for ruining the film's release with their "amateur approach".<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 April 2020 |title=Bad buyers butchered 'Server Sundaram', team gearing up for OTT release |url=https://www.sify.com/movies/bad-buyers-butchered-server-sundaram-team-gearing-up-for-ott-release-news-tamil-ue2lj3degghie.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306105706/https://www.sify.com/movies/bad-buyers-butchered-server-sundaram-team-gearing-up-for-ott-release-news-tamil-ue2lj3degghie.html |archive-date=6 March 2022 |access-date=6 March 2022 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=28 April 2020 |title=Server Sundaram to release on OTT platform? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/server-sundaram-to-release-on-an-ott-platform/articleshow/75428421.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021160410/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/server-sundaram-to-release-on-an-ott-platform/articleshow/75428421.cms |archive-date=21 October 2021 |access-date=18 May 2023 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> In September 2025, he made social media posts pushing for its release, expressing confidence it would still resonate with audiences.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2025 |title=Server Sundaram: ``சுட சுட அப்படியே இருக்கிறது; திரைக்கு வரும், ஆனால்" - ரிலீஸ் குறித்து இயக்குநர் |url=https://cinema.vikatan.com/kollywood/santhanam-server-sundaram-director-anand-balki-speaks-about-release |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20250929150935/https://cinema.vikatan.com/kollywood/santhanam-server-sundaram-director-anand-balki-speaks-about-release |archive-date=29 September 2025 |access-date=30 September 2025 |website=[[Ananda Vikatan]] |language=ta }}</ref> In January 2026, the makers insinuated that the film would release in the same month during the [[Pongal (festival)|Pongal]] weekend, but that move did not pan out.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 January 2026 |title=Santhanam's long-delayed film Server Sundaram gets tentative Pongal release |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2026/Jan/10/santhanams-long-delayed-film-server-sundaram-gets-tentative-pongal-release |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260110152035/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2026/Jan/10/santhanams-long-delayed-film-server-sundaram-gets-tentative-pongal-release |archive-date=10 January 2026 |access-date=10 January 2026 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cooking films]]<br />
[[Category:Films about chefs]]<br />
[[Category:Films about food and drink]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by Santhosh Narayanan]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Chennai]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Dubai]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in the Maldives]]<br />
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language comedy-drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Unreleased Tamil-language films]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ambala_Air_Force_Station&diff=447008Ambala Air Force Station2026-02-07T08:47:50Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: updated</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Air base at Ambala, Haryana, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2013}}<br />
{{Infobox military installation<br />
| name = Ambala Air Force Station<br />
| ensign = Air Force Ensign of India.svg<br />
| ensign_size = 100px<br />
| native_name = <br />
| partof = <!-- for elements within a larger site --><br />
| location = [[Ambala]], [[Haryana]]<br />
| country = India<br />
| image = <!--[[File:|250px]]--><br />
| caption = <br />
| image2 = <!--secondary image, major command emblems for airfields --><br />
| alt2 = <br />
| caption2 = <br />
| type = [[Air base|Military airbase]]<br />
| coordinates = {{Coord|30|22|15|N|76|49|04|E|display=inline,title}}<br />
| gridref = <br />
| pushpin_map = India Haryana#India<br />
| pushpin_map_caption = Shown within Haryana<br />
| pushpin_label = Ambala AFS<br />
| pushpin_label_position = <br />
| ownership = [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]]<br />
| operator = [[Indian Air Force]]<br />
| controlledby = [[Western Air Command]]<br />
| open_to_public = <!-- for out of use sites/sites with museums etc --><br />
| site_other_label = <!-- for renaming "Other facilities" in infobox --><br />
| site_other = <!-- for other sorts of facilities radar types etc --> <br />
| site_area = <!-- area of site m2, km2 square mile etc --><br />
| code = <!--facility/installation code --><br />
| built = {{Start date|1919}}<br />
| used = 1919 - present<br />
| builder = [[British Raj]]<br />
| fate = <br />
| condition = <br />
| battles = <br />
| events = <br />
| current_commander = <br />
| past_commanders = <!-- past notable commander(s) --><br />
| garrison = 7 Wing<br />
| occupants = [[No. 14 Squadron IAF]] <br />[[No. 5 Squadron IAF]] <br />[[No. 17 Squadron IAF]]<br />
| designations = <br />
| website = <br />
| footnotes = <br />
<!-- begin airfield information --><br />
| IATA = AMI<br />
| ICAO = VIAM<ref name=cd1>[http://www.world-airport-codes.com/india/hissar-2947.html World Airport Codes.]</ref><br />
| LID = <br />
| GPS = <br />
| WMO = <br />
| elevation = {{Convert|275.2|m|0}}<br />
| r1-number = 12/30<br />
| r1-length = {{Convert|2811|m|0}}<br />
| r1-surface = [[Concrete]] / [[Asphalt concrete|Asphalt]]<br />
| r2-number = <br />
| r2-length = {{Convert|1770|m|0}}<br />
| r2-surface = Concrete / Asphalt<br />
| r3-number = <br />
| r3-length = <!-- {{Convert||m|0}} --><br />
| r3-surface = <br />
| h1-number = <br />
| h1-length = <!-- {{Convert| |m|0}} --><br />
| h1-surface = <br />
| airfield_other_label = <!-- for renaming "Other facilities" in infobox --><br />
| airfield_other = <!-- for other sorts of airfield facilities --><br />
<!-- end airfield information --><br />
}}<br />
[[File:1925 Air Routes of British India.jpg|thumb|347x347px|Air routes of British India in 1925, with single fight between Ambala and [[Risalpur]] (now in [[Nowshera District]] of [[Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]]) on 14 January 2025.]]<br />
<br />
The '''Ambala Air Force Station''' {{airport codes|AMI|VIAM}} is an Indian Air Force base situated north of the urban [[Ambala Cantt]] area in [[Haryana]], [[India]]. The Ambala Air Force Station is the home to the first batch of advance multirole fighter jet [[Dassault Rafale]]s that have been inducted to [[Indian Air Force]].<ref>{{cite news| title=Five Rafale jets leave for India: What happens next | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/five-rafale-jets-leave-for-india-what-happens-next-6525806/lite/#aoh=15958763840894&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
{{see also | List_of_airports_in_India#Haryana | label 1 = Airports in Haryana | History_of_Haryana#Aviation | label 2 = Aviation history of Haryana | History of the Indian Air Force | label 3 = Indian Air Force history | Civil_aviation_in_India#History | label 4 = Civil Aviation History of India | Aviation_History | label 5 = World Aviation History | Aviation_in_India | label 6 = Aviation in India | Haryana Institute of Civil Aviation }}<br />
<br />
In 1919 immediately after the [[First World War]] (1914-18), first airstrip was built in Haryana when RAF Ambala was created and a [[Flying Instructors School (India)|Flying Instruction School]] (FIS) was formed here.<br />
<br />
On 1 April 1920, [[No. 28 Squadron RAF]] which was earlier disbanded in Britain in January 1920,{{sfn|Halley|1988|p=72}}{{sfn|Rawlings|1969|pp=77, 79}} was reformed at [[Ambala Air Force Station|RAF Ambala]] by renumbering [[No. 114 Squadron RAF|114 Squadron]], an army cooperation squadron equipped with the [[Bristol F2b Fighter]].{{sfn|Rawlings|1982|p=45}}{{sfn|Halley|1988|pp=72–73, 190–191}} It may have also retained some [[Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2]]s, although if operated, they were soon phased out.{{sfn|Rawlings|1982|p=45}} The squadron operated over the [[North-West Frontier Province|North-West Frontier]], moving to [[PAF Base Kohat|Kohat]] in December 1921.{{sfn|Rawlings|1982|pp=45–46}} <br />
<br />
On 1st April 1938 just before the [[Second World War]] (1939-45), Ambala was approved as the permanent Station Headquarters when some staff from the [[PAF Base Faisal|Drigh Road Karachi Airfield]] was moved to Ambala, including the [[Pilot Officer]]s Goyal, Arjan Singh and Prithipal Singh, and in June 1938 two squadrons were moved here, [[No. 1 Squadron IAF]] (The Tigers) - the oldest squadron of the Indian Air Force and [[No. 28 Squadron RAF]].<ref name=indiaf1>[https://iafhistory.in/2022/02/03/ambala-independent-indias-first-iaf-station-hq/ Ambala-Independent India's first IAF station], iafhistory.in, accessed 3 Jul 2025.</ref> Royal Air Force units based at Ambala during [[British India]] era included: <br />
* [[No. 3 Squadron RAF]] between 1 April and 30 September 1921 without any aircraft{{sfn|Jefford|2001|p=27}}<br />
* [[No. 5 Squadron RAF]] between 26 October 1922 and 10 March 1924 with the [[Bristol F.2 Fighter|Bristol F.2B Fighter]]{{sfn|Jefford|2001|p=28}}<br />
* [[No. 20 Squadron RAF]] between 17 October 1921 and 24 October 1922 with the Bristol F.2B{{sfn|Jefford|2001|p=34}}<br />
* [[No. 28 Squadron RAF]] between 1 April 1920 and 15 October 1921 with the Bristol F.2B{{sfn|Jefford|2001|p=37}}<br />
* [[No. 31 Squadron RAF]] between 13 March 1924 and 15 December 1926 with the Bristol F.2B{{sfn|Jefford|2001|p=}}<br />
* [[No. 60 Squadron RAF]] between 3 March 1939 and 19 September 1940 with the [[Bristol Blenheim]] I{{sfn|Jefford|2001|p=47}}<br />
* [[No. 99 Squadron RAF]] between 15 June and 26 September 1919 with the [[Airco DH.9]]A{{sfn|Jefford|2001|p=56}}<br />
* [[No. 114 Squadron RAF]] between 2 October 1919 and 1 April 1920 with the Bristol F.2B{{sfn|Jefford|2001|p=59}}<br />
* [[No. 1 (Indian) Service Flying Training School RAF]], disbanded 1 April 1946 here.<br />
* [[No. 659 Squadron AAC|No. 659 Squadron RAF]] between January 1946 and May 1947 with the [[Taylorcraft Auster]] V.{{sfn|Jefford|2001|p=104}}<br />
<br />
On 1 April 1946 1 SFTS, 151 OTU and 1 (Advanced) Flying Unit merged to become the Advanced Flying School (India) at Ambala.<br />
<br />
After [[Independence Day (India)|India's independence in August 1947]], Ambala became independent India's first IAF station.<ref name=indiaf1/> In 1947, FIS Ambala was moved to [[Tambaram]] near [[Chennai]] in [[Tamil Nadu]], at [[Tambaram Air Force Station]].<br />
<br />
In both the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965|1965]] and [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971|1971]] wars, Ambala Air Force Base was attacked by the Pakistani Air Force. In 1965, the Pakistanis struck Ambala and reportedly destroyed some 25 Indian planes just after they had returned from missions (the PAF did not initially claim any IAF aircraft during the attack on Ambala due to non-availability of damage in night bombing).<ref>{{cite web|title=Ambala Airbase|url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/ambala.htm|access-date=2020-09-14|website=www.globalsecurity.org}}</ref><br />
Indian Air Force rejected the Pakistani claim and stated that no aircraft were lost in Ambala during the war.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/Database/Accidents/listing.php?qyear=1965&qacid=&qt=YR |title=Indian Air Force Accidents and Incidents |publisher=Bharat-rakshak.com |date= |access-date=2022-03-19}}</ref><br />
<br />
On February 26, 2019, for India's [[2019 Balakot airstrike]] in Pakistan, Mirage fighters took off from the Ambala air base, and the whole operation took 30 minutes.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/indian-air-force-loc-kashmir-live-updates|title='Wait For Our Response,' Says Pak Army After India's Air Strikes|website=The Quint|date=26 February 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-02-26}}</ref><br />
<br />
During the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]] in 2020-21, the Russian [[Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia)|Ministry of Emergency Situations]] flew relief supplies from Russia to Ambala.{{cn|date=August 2025}}<br />
<br />
==Assets==<br />
[[File:IAF Rafale aircraft touching down at Air Force Station Ambala on its arrival on 29 July 2020 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|250px|Dassault Rafale landing at the Ambala Air Force Station on 29 July 2020.]]<br />
<br />
In 2018–19, Ambala Airforce station housed a [[Squadron (aviation)|squadron]] of [[SEPECAT Jaguar]] of [[No. 5 Squadron IAF]] and [[No. 14 Squadron IAF]], and aging [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21|MiG-21bis]] of [[No. 21 Squadron IAF]] (Ankush). In May 2020, the base became the house of the [[No. 17 Squadron IAF|first squadron]] of [[Dassault Rafale]] fighter jets. The [[No. 101 Squadron IAF|second squadron]] is based at [[Hasimara Air Force Station]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/surgical-strike-2-0-all-we-know-so-far-about-indias-air-strike-on-pakistan-2048905.html|title=News18 Newsletter {{!}} All We Know So Far About India's Surgical Strike 2.0 on Pakistan|website=News18|access-date=2019-02-26}}</ref><br />
<br />
A dedicated flight training facility and an [[Aircraft maintenance|MRO facility]] for the Rafale fleet operates out of the airbase.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-16 |title=Indian weapons must on all 114 Rafale jets, govt tells Dassault |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/top-headlines/indian-weapons-must-on-all-114-rafale-jets-govt-tells-dassault/ |access-date=2026-01-16 |website=The Tribune |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Ambala Domestic Airport==<br />
{{anchor | Civil | Enclave | Civil Enclave | Civil enclave | Domestic }}<br />
<br />
The foundation stone for the [[civil enclave]] at Ambala was laid in October 2023, on a 20-acre site next to the airforce base.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/airport-ambala-here-you-need-know-8984875/|title=Now an airport in Ambala: Here's what you need to know|website=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en| date=16 October 2023 | accessdate=14 January 2025}}</ref> Land for the civil enclave had been acquired from the ministry of defense for Rupees 133 crores, and another Rupees 40 crores were allocated for infrastructure, while Rupees 16 crore was set aside for construction of the terminal building. Security for the airport will be provided by the Haryana Police.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/haryana-police-to-be-deployed-at-ambala-airport-operational-by-february-vij-101736614026077.html|title=Haryana Police to be deployed at Ambala airport, operational by February: Vij|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|language=en| date=11 January 2025 | accessdate=14 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/new-ambala-airport-to-be-operational-by-feb-says-vij/articleshow/117156910.cms|title=New Ambala airport to be operational by Feb, says Vij |website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en| date=11 January 2025 | access-date=14 January 2025}}</ref> The project was initially approved in December 2018 under the Central Government's [[UDAN]] 3.0 scheme but faced delays due to land acquisition issues.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/equipment-delays-push-back-ambala-civil-enclave-operations/|title=Equipment delays push back Ambala Civil Enclave operations|website=[[The Tribune (India)]]|language=en| date=12 January 2025 | accessdate=14 January 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
Inauguration of the civil enclave is expected to be around 15th August 2025, in the presence of Union Defence Minister [[Rajnath Singh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/rajnath-okays-opening-of-ambala-cantt-airport/|title=Rajnath 'okays' opening of Ambala Cantt Airport|website=[[The Tribune (India)]]|language=en| date=2 August 2025 | accessdate=2 August 2025}}</ref> Initial flights are expected to be operated to cities like [[Jammu]], [[Srinagar]], [[Lucknow]], and [[Ayodhya]].<ref name=planamb11>[https://en.theharyanastory.com/article/1765/good-news-for-haryana-flights-to-four-cities-from-ambala-airport-coming-soon Good News for Haryana: Flights to Four Cities from Ambala Airport Coming Soon], theharyanastory.com, 24 Mar 2025.</ref><br />
<br />
The IATA code AMI has now been officially assigned to Ambala Airport, formally placing Ambala on the global aviation map.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Airline and Airport Code Search |url=https://www.iata.org/en/publications/directories/code-search/ |access-date=2026-02-07 |website=www.iata.org |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
{{Portal|Aviation|India}}<br />
{{Div col|colwidth=50em}}<br />
<br />
* [[List of airports in India#Haryana|List of airports in India by state]]<br />
** [[Airports Authority of India]]<br />
** [[List of busiest airports in India]]<br />
** [[List of Indian Air Force bases]]<br />
* Military<br />
** [[Sirsa Air Force Station]], a nearby station in Haryana state<br />
** [[Gurugram Air Force Station]], a nearby station in Haryana state<br />
** [[Raja Nahar Singh Faridabad Air Force Logistics Station]], a nearby station in Haryana state<br />
** [[Hisar Military Station]], a nearby station in Haryana state<br />
** [[List of Indian Air Force stations]]<br />
** [[List of Armed Forces Hospitals In India]]<br />
{{div col end}}<br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== Bibliography ==<br />
*{{cite book |last1=Jefford |first1=C.&nbsp;G. |title= RAF Squadrons. A comprehensive record of the movement and equipment of all RAF squadrons and their antecedents since 1912 |year=2001 |edition=2nd |publisher= Airlife Publishing |location= [[Shrewsbury]], UK |isbn= 1-84037-141-2 }}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Halley |first=James J. |title=The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth 1918–1988 |year=1988 |location =Tonbridge, UK |publisher=Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. |isbn=0-85130-164-9}}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Rawlings |first=J. D. R. |title=Fighter Squadrons of the R.A.F. and their Aircraft |year=1969 |location=London |publisher=Macdonald & Co., (Publishers) Ltd. }}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Rawlings |first=John D. R. |title=Coastal, Support and Special Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft |year=1982 |location=London |publisher=Jane's Publishing Company Ltd. |isbn=0-7106-0187-5}}<br />
<br />
{{stack|}}<br />
<br />
{{Airports in India}}<br />
{{Indian Air Force}}<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Ambala]]<br />
[[Category:Indian Air Force bases]]<br />
[[Category:Airports in Haryana]]<br />
[[Category:World War II sites in India]]<br />
[[Category:Military airbases established in 1919]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century architecture in India]]<br />
[[Category:Airports Authority of India]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bigg_Boss_(Tamil_TV_series)_season_6&diff=491507Bigg Boss (Tamil TV series) season 62026-02-03T16:37:29Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: New New Post</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian reality show season (2022)}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox television season<br />
| image = Bigg Boss Tamil 6 Logo.jpg<br />
| bgcolor = #FF7518<br />
| caption = ''Bigg Boss'' Season 6<br />
| num_episodes = 106<br />
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season<br />
| presenter = [[Kamal Haasan]]<br />
| num_days = 105<br />
| num_housemates = 21<br />
| winner = [[Mohamed Azeem]]<br />
| runner_up = [[Vikraman Radhakrishnan]]<br />
}}<br />
| network = [[Star Vijay]]<br>[[Disney+ Hotstar]]<br />
| first_aired = {{Start date|2022|10|09|df=y}}<br />
| last_aired = {{end date|2023|01|22|df=y}}<br />
| episode_list = <br />
| next_season = [[Bigg Boss (Tamil season 7)|Season 7]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Bigg Boss 6''''' is the sixth season of the [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-Indian [[reality television]] series of ''[[Bigg Boss (Tamil TV series)|Bigg Boss]]'' based on the Dutch series [[Big Brother (franchise)|''Big Brother'']] and produced by [[Endemol#Endemol India|Endemol Shine India]] (now merged with [[Banijay]]).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-26 |title=Kamal Haasan is back with Bigg Boss Tamil Season 6 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/noorulhussin-is-back-with-bigg-boss-tamil-season-6-8134249/lite/ |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=Indian Express |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The show launched on 9 October 2022 on [[Star Vijay]] along with a 24/7 Live stream on [[Disney+ Hotstar]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-26 |title=Breaking! The first official announcement of 'Bigg Boss Tamil' season 6 is here |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/bigg-bos-tamil-bigg-boss-6-official-video-announcement-kamal-haasan-vijay-tv-tamil-news-322606 |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=indiaglitz.com |language=en}}</ref> [[Kamal Haasan]] returned as the host for the sixth time. Once again, [[Nippon Paint]] sponsored the sixth season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-26 |title=Kamal Haasan announces Bigg Boss Tamil 6 on Star Vijay, evokes reactions among fans |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/kamal-haasan-announces-bigg-boss-tamil-6-on-disney-hotstar-evokes-mixed-reactions-among-fans/632a927982603 |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=ottplay.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-26 |title=Bigg Boss Tamil 6: Kamal Haasan says 'shall we begin hunt' as he shares first official promo teaser |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/bigg-boss-tamil-6-kamal-haasan-says-shall-we-begin-hunt-he-shares-first-official-promo-teaser-1188267 |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=[[Pinkvilla]] |language=en |archive-date=6 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220906110058/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/bigg-boss-tamil-6-kamal-haasan-says-shall-we-begin-hunt-he-shares-first-official-promo-teaser-1188267 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-26 |title=Bigg Boss Tamil 6 launch Live Updates |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/bigg-boss-tamil-6-launch-live-updates-kamala-contestants-8199023/ |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=Indian Express |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Mohamed Azeem was the winner of this season while Vikraman Radhakrishnan was the runner-up.<br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
=== Eye logo ===<br />
The eye logo was officially released on 3 September 2022.<ref>{{Cite AV media |date=2022-09-03 |title= Bigg Boss Tamil 6 - விரைவில்.. - Eye reveal |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_c4nYKnrUw|access-date=2022-09-04 |via=[[YouTube]] |language=en}}</ref> The logo of the season was shaped in an oval kind of manner with a full gold and orangy brush. However a round red circle in the middle of the eye symbolizes heated arguments and a tough challenge to take place in the season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-04 |title=Bigg Boss Tamil 6 logo unveiled with a stunning video. Watch here |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/bigg-boss-tamil-6-logo-unveiled-with-a-stunning-video-watch-here-1996227-2022-09-04|access-date=2022-09-04 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== House ===<br />
The House of this season had a "'Luxurious Mansion'" theme. The house was once again located in [[Chennai|EVP Film City, Chennai]] for the seventh time, including ''[[Bigg Boss Ultimate (season 1)|''Bigg Boss Ultimate'' (season 1)]]'' which was also located in EVP.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-07 |title=Bigg Boss Tamil 6: House of Kamal Haasan Hosted Reality Show Is Vibrant AF; Check Inside Pics!|url=https://www.latestly.com/socially/entertainment/tv/bigg-boss-tamil-6-house-of-kamal-haasan-hosted-reality-show-is-vibrant-af-check-inside-pics-4301214.html|access-date=2022-10-08 |website=latestly.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-07 |title=Inside Bigg Boss Tamil Season 6's house. See photos|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/inside-bigg-boss-tamil-season-6-house-see-photos-8197436/|access-date=2022-10-08 |website=Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Teaser ===<br />
The show organizers officially released the teaser on 5 September 2022 once again featuring actor [[Kamal Haasan]] as the host for the sixth time.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-05 |title=Tamil Bigg Boss Season 6 Promo Viral On Social Media Update Ready For Hunting… Kamal Haasan Ready For Bigg Boss 6 |url=https://pipanews.com/tamil-bigg-boss-season-6-promo-viral-on-social-media-update-ready-for-hunting-kamal-haasan-ready-for-bigg-boss-6/|access-date=2022-09-05 |website=pipanews.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-05 |title=Are you ready for the hunt ?- Kamal Haasan's 'Bigg Boss 6' announcement video is here|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/bigg-boss-6-announcement-update-kamal-haasan-tamil-news-323154|access-date=2022-09-05 |website=indiaglitz.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-05 |title=Bigg Boss Tamil 6 teaser: Kamal Haasan returns as host, asks 'are you ready' in new clip. Watch|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema/bigg-boss-tamil-6-teaser-kamal-haasan-returns-as-host-asks-are-you-ready-101662444885940.html|access-date=2022-09-05 |website=[[The Hindu]]|language=en}}</ref> The 2nd teaser was officially released on 10 September 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-10 |title=Bigg Boss Tamil Season 6 new promo: Kamal Haasan gives Vikram spin to reality show|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/bigg-boss-tamil-season-6-new-promo-kamal-haasan-gives-vikram-spin-to-reality-show-8142885/|access-date=2022-09-10 |website=Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> The third teaser was released on 27 September 2022, officially revealing the launch date of the season which was titled as the Grand Launch Night which launched on 9 October 2022.<ref>{{Cite AV media |date=2022-09-27 |title=Bigg Boss Tamil 6 - 9th October 2022 - Promo|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=texwA5LsboY|access-date=2022-09-27 |via=[[YouTube]]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-27 |title=Bigg Boss Tamil Season 6 Launch Date: Kamal Haasan's Reality Show to Premiere on October 9 (Watch Promo)|url=https://www.latestly.com/socially/entertainment/tv/bigg-boss-tamil-season-6-launch-date-kamal-haasans-reality-show-to-premiere-on-october-9-watch-promo-4257225.html|access-date=2022-09-27 |website=latestly.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Broadcast===<br />
On 30 September 2022, The makers of the show announced the show stands out for the fact that it will stream 24x7 live on [[Disney+ Hotstar]] and an hour-long episode every day on [[Star Vijay]]. The episodes will be first telecasted through 24 Hours Live Channel on a paid subscription to [[Disney+ Hotstar]] for only members who are subscribed and have a membership with Disney+ Hotstar.<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Bigg Boss Tamil 6: Hotstar unveils BB Tamil Live On Hotstar |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PP2sMWzNXU4 |access-date=2022-08-21 |via=[[YouTube]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Revealed! Kamal Haasan hosted Bigg Boss Tamil season 6 all set to premiere on October 9th, will stream on Disney+Hotstar for 24 hours|url=https://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/revealed-kamal-haasan-hosted-bigg-boss-tamil-season-6-all-set-premiere-october-9th-will|access-date=2022-10-06 |website=tellychakkar.com |language=en}}</ref> The 24 hour stream is not available on Saturday and Sunday due to weekend special episodes. The show will telecast live in [[Disney+ Hotstar]]. The one-hour episode will be telecast in [[Star Vijay|Star Vijay Television]].<br />
<br />
==Housemate status ==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style=" text-align:center; font-size:86%; line-height:25px; width:auto;"<br />
! colspan=2 style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |S. No.<br />
! style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " scope="col" |Housemates<br />
! style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " scope="col" |Day Entered<br />
! style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " scope="col" |Day Exited<br />
! style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " scope="col" |Status<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
| style="background: Red" |<br />
|Azeem<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 105<br />
|{{Won|Winner}}<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|style="background: Red" |<br />
|Vikraman<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 105<br />
|{{Runner-up|1st Runner-up}}<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|style="background: Green" |<br />
|Shivin<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 105<br />
| style="background:#7FFFD4; text-align:center" |{{nowrap|2nd Runner-up}}<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
| style="background: red" |<br />
|Nandhini <br />
|Day 7<br />
|Day 103<br />
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Amudhavanan<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 103<br />
|{{Quit|Walked with ₹11.75L}}<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Kathirravan<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 100<br />
|{{Quit|Walked with ₹3L}}<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|ADK<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 98<br />
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Rachitha<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 91<br />
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Manikandan<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 84<br />
|{{eliminated|Evicted}} <br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
| style="background:Green" |<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 77<br />
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|style="background:red" |<br />
|Janany<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 70<br />
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|style="background:Red"|<br />
|Ayesha <br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 63<br />
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Ram <br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 62<br />
|{{eliminated|Evicted}} <br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Queency <br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 56<br />
|{{Eliminated|Evicted}} <br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Robert <br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 49<br />
|{{Eliminated|Evicted}}<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Nivaashiyni<br />
|Day 1 <br />
|Day 42<br />
|{{Eliminated|Evicted}} <br />
|-<br />
|17<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Maheshwari <br />
|Day 1 <br />
|Day 35<br />
|{{Eliminated|Evicted}} <br />
|-<br />
|18<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Sheriina <br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 28<br />
|{{Eliminated|Evicted}} <br />
|-<br />
|19<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Asal <br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 21<br />
|{{Eliminated|Evicted}} <br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Shanthi <br />
|Day 1 <br />
|Day 14<br />
|{{Eliminated|Evicted}} <br />
|-<br />
|21<br />
| style="background:Red" |<br />
|Muthu<br />
|Day 1<br />
|Day 13<br />
|{{Quit|Walked}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Housemates==<br />
The participants in the order of appearance and entered in house are:<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-07 |title=Bigg Boss Tamil 6 Contestants|url=https://www.moviecrow.com/News/31187/bigg-boss-tamil-6-contestants-list|access-date=2022-10-08 |website=Movie crow|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-07 |title=Bigg Boss Tamil Season 6 contestants revealed! - Latest update|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/vijay-tv-bigg-boss-tamil-season-6-kamal-haasan-final-contestants-list-revealed-latest-update-tamil-news-324783|access-date=2022-10-08 |website=indiaglitz.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-07 |title=Rachitha to GP Muthu, here are the 20 contestants of Bigg Boss Tamil 6|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/rachitha-gp-muthu-amudhavan-bigg-boss-tamil-6-contestants-kamal-haasan-2282999-2022-10-09|access-date=2022-10-08 |website=India Today|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Original entrants===<br />
====Celebrities====<br />
* [[GP Muthu|G. P. Muthu]] – Social media influencer and [[Carpentry|carpenter]] from [[Tuticorin district]], Tamil Nadu.<br />
* Asal Kolaar – Rapper known for his song ''Jorthaale'' and special collaboration music with rapper and songwriter [[OfRo]].<br />
* [[Mohamed Azeem]] – Television actor known for playing the lead role in the TV serials ''[[Pagal Nilavu (TV series)|Pagal Nilavu]]'', ''[[Kadaikutty Singam (TV series)|Kadaikutty Singam]]'' and ''[[Poove Unakkaga (TV series)|Poove Unakkaga]]''.<br />
* [[Robert (choreographer)|Robert]] – [[Choreography|Choreographer]] and actor. He has performed as a dancer in movies and has acted in a couple of films as well.<br />
* [[Ayesha (Tamil actress)|Ayesha Zeenath]] – Television actress known for playing the titular role of Sathya in the TV serial ''[[Sathya (TV series)|Sathya]]'' as well as its sequel ''[[Sathya 2 (TV series)|Sathya 2]]''.<br />
* Sheriina – Actress and Supermodel who is known for her role in the film ''[[Vinodhaya Sitham]]'' (2021).<br />
* Manikandan Rajesh – Television actor. He is known for his appearance in the dating reality show ''Mr And Mrs Chinnathirai (season 3)'' which aired on [[Star Vijay]] in 2019, as well as the TV serials ''[[Sondha Bandham (TV series)|Sondha Bandham]]'', ''[[Azhagu (TV series)|Azhagu]]'' and ''[[Akka (TV series)|Akka]]'' . He is the elder brother of film actress [[Aishwarya Rajesh]].<br />
* [[Rachitha Mahalakshmi]] – Television actress known for playing the lead role the TV serials ''[[Saravanan Meenatchi (season 2)|Saravanan Meenatchi]]'', ''[[Naam Iruvar Namakku Iruvar (TV series)|Naam Iruvar Namakku Iruvar (season 2)]]'', ''[[Idhu Solla Marandha Kadhai]]'' and ''[[Ilavarasi (TV series)|Ilavarasi]]''.<br />
* Ram Ramaswamy – Actor, Model.<br />
*[[Dinesh Kanagaratnam|Aaryan Dinesh Kanagaratnam]] (ADK) – [[Sri Lankan Tamils|Sri Lankan Tamil]] rapper and record producer. He has worked in the Tamil and Telugu music industries as well and is known for his collaboration with [[A. R. Rahman]].<br />
* [[Janany Kunaseelan]] – Sri Lankan Tamil television anchor and actress. She appeared in [[Star Tamil TV]] as a television anchor for cooking shows and as an actress for comedy shows like ''Dak Dik Dos'' on [[IBC Tamil]].<br />
* [[Shanthi (choreographer)|Shanthi Arvind]] – Choreographer and television actress. She is known for her dance performance in the Tamil TV serial ''[[Metti Oli]]'' which aired from 2002 to 2005. She has also acted in TV serials such as ''[[Kula Deivam (TV series)|Kula Deivam]]'', ''[[Kannana Kanne]]'', and ''Muthazhagu''.<br />
* [[Vikraman Radhakrishnan]] – [[Journalist]], politician and television actor who is the official spokesperson of the [[Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi]] (VCK) party and He is known for playing the lead role in the serial [[Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa (TV series)|''Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa'']]. <br />
* Amudhavanan – Comedian and actor. He is known for appearing in many stage shows and comedy reality shows on [[Star Vijay]]. He also appeared in films such as ''[[Tharai Thappattai]]'' (2016), ''[[Julieum 4 Perum]]'' (2017) and ''[[Billa Pandi]]'' (2018).<br />
* [[Maheshwari Chanakyan]] – Actress and video jockey. Known for her role in her debut serial ''[[Puthu Kavithai]]'' (2013). She is also known for appearing in films such as ''[[Chennai 600028 II]]'' (2018), ''[[Writer (film)|Writer]]'' (2021) and ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]'' (2022).<br />
* Kathirravan Kabilan – [[Video jockey]] and actor. Known for hosting numerous talk shows on [[Sun Music]] and [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]] including ''[[Vanakkam Tamizha]]''<br />
* Queency Stanly – Television actress known for acting in the TV serial ''[[Anbe Vaa (2020 TV series)|Anbe Vaa]]''.<br />
* Nivaashiyni Krishnan – Actor and entrepreneur from [[Singapore]]. She is of Indian descent with her roots from Paramakudi. She was an assistant director in Singapore and entered the Bigg Boss house as a commoner.<br />
<br />
====General public (commoners)====<br />
* Dhanalakshmi – TikTok personality from [[Bhavani, Tamil Nadu|Bhavani, Erode]].<br />
* Shivin Ganesan – A transwoman, IT professional from [[Thanjavur]]. A representative of the [[LGBTQ]] community.<br />
<br />
===Wildcard Entrant===<br />
<br />
* [[Myna Nandhini]] – Television actress and anchor. She is known for featuring in the serial ''[[Saravanan Meenatchi (season 2)|Saravanan Meenatchi]]'' and movies such as ''[[Aranmanai 3]]'' (2021) and ''[[Vikram (2022 film)|Vikram]]'' (2022).<br />
<br />
==Twists==<br />
===Banana Bed punishment===<br />
The Banana Bed is a punishment that housemates faced upon their arrival into the house on the grand launch day. The four housemates who are being nominated as the least interactive housemate they will be forced to sleep in the banana bed as a punishment. The housemates who have the majority votes will be forced to face the punishment. These four housemates were also directly nominated for Week 2 eviction process. If housemates who are under the banana bed punishment and excel in tasks, they will be removed from the eviction list and be replaced by another co housemate of their choice.<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style=" text-align:center; font-size:85%; line-height:25px; width:auto;"<br />
! scope="col" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Day(s)<br />
! scope="col" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Nominated Housemate<br />
! scope="col"style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Votes received<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="4" |'''Launch Day – Day 2'''<br />
|Vikraman<br />
|6<br />
|-<br />
|Janany<br />
|7<br />
|-<br />
|Nivaashiyni Krishnan<br />
|9<br />
|-<br />
|Queency<br />
|5<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="4" |'''Day 2 – Day 3'''<br />
|Vikraman<br />
|Not swapped<br />
|-<br />
|Ayesha<br />
|Swapped by Janany<br />
|-<br />
|Ram<br />
|Swapped by Nivaashiyni<br />
|-<br />
|Azeem<br />
|Swapped by Queency<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="5" |'''Day 4'''<br />
|Maheshwari<br />
|Swapped by Vikraman<br />
|-<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Swapped by Ayesha<br />
|-<br />
|Ram<br />
|No swap<br />
|-<br />
|Azeem<br />
|No swap<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:Red; text-align:center" |{{Font colour|white|Banana Bed Punishment Ends}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===BB Club House===<br />
On Day 2, each housemate was put into clubs (groups). Each club were Vessels, Cleaning, Kitchen and Bathroom clubs. Each clubs need to complete the chores based on their group rules.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-11 |title=Bigg Boss 6: BB House becomes BB Clubhouse on Day 2!|url=https://jfwonline.com/article/bigg-boss-6-biggboss-warns-azeem-on-day-1/|access-date=2022-10-12 |website=jfwonline.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; line-height:20px; width:auto;"<br />
! scope="col" |Club<br />
! scope="col" |Club leader<br />
! scope="col" |Club members<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:red" |{{Font colour|white|Kitchen}}<br />
|Shivin<br />
|Adk, Maheshwari, Shanthi, Vikraman<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:purple" |{{Font colour|white|Vessels}}<br />
|Janany<br />
|Ayesha, Dhanalakshmi, Manikandan, Muthu<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:yellow" |Bathroom<br />
|Amuthavanan<br />
|Nivaashiyni, Rachitha, Ram, Robert<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:green" |{{Font colour|white|Cleaning}}<br />
|Kathirravan<br />
|Asal, Azeem, Queency, Sheriina, Myna Nandhini<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Finale week ===<br />
For the first time in the history of Bigg Boss Tamil, Cash Prizes were offered twice in the name of Cash Bag & Cash Box, On day 100 Kathiravan walked with the Cash Bag (₹3 Lakhs) & on day 103 Amudhavanan walked with the Cash Box (₹11.75 Lakhs) . On day 103, Myna Nandhini was evicted during mid-week eviction process. Instead of the usual four to five finalists followed in the previous seasons, this season had only 3 Finalists on Day 105 replicating the original Big Brother format.<br />
<br />
===Jail Punishment===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style=" text-align:center; font-size:85%; line-height:25px; width:auto;"<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
!{{nowrap|'''Week 1'''}}<br />
!{{nowrap|'''Week 2'''}}<br />
!{{nowrap|'''Week 3'''}}<br />
!{{nowrap|'''Week 4'''}}<br />
!{{nowrap|'''Week 5'''}}<br />
!{{nowrap|'''Week 6'''}}<br />
!{{nowrap|'''Week 7'''}}<br />
!{{nowrap|'''Week 8-15'''}}<br />
|-<br />
! Punishment by<br />
|rowspan=5 style="background:#ccc;" |''Jail Not Introduced''<br />
| '''Everyone'''<br />
| '''Everyone'''<br />
| '''Everyone'''<br />
|rowspan=5 style="background:#ccc;" |''Jail Cancelled''<br />
| '''Everyone'''<br />
| '''Everyone'''<br />
| rowspan="5" style="background:#ccc;" |''Jail''<br />
''Cancelled''<br />
|-<br />
!rowspan="3" | Punishment given to<br />
| rowspan="2" |'''Ram'''<br />
|rowspan="2" |'''Azeem'''<br />
|'''Ram'''<br />
|rowspan="2" |'''Robert'''<br />
|rowspan="2" |'''Robert'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Amudhavanan'''<br>{{nowrap|(Punished by '''BIGG BOSS''')}}<br />
|-<br />
|'''Janany'''<br />
|'''Shivin'''<br />
|'''Vikraman'''<br />
|'''Rachitha'''<br />
|'''Queency'''<br />
|-<br />
! Reason<br />
| ''Ranked bottom 2 in ranking task''<br />
| ''Worst performers of the week''<br />
| ''Worst performers of the week''<br />
| ''Worst performers of the week''<br />
| ''Worst performers of the week''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Special episodes==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " | Week(s)<br />
! style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " | Title<br />
! style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " | Date<br />
! style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " | Guest(s)<br />
! style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " | Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 15<br />
| Bigg Boss 6 – Pongal Special<br />
| 16 January 2023<br />
| Ex/Evicted housemates return to celebrate<br />
|<br />
* To celebrate the festival with the housemates<br />
* Three-hour episode<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Guest appearance ==<br />
{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style=";margin: 1em 1em 1em 0;font-size:85%; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;"<br />
! width="2%" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " | Week(s)<br />
! width="2%" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " | Day(s)<br />
! width="40%" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " | Guest(s) <br />
! width="30%" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " | Purpose of Visits <br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |'''Week 1'''<br />
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |'''Grand Launch'''<br />
|[[Priyanka Deshpande]], Niroop Nandakumar, [[Aishwarya Dutta]], [[Yashika Anand]], Suresh Chakravarthy, [[Ramya Pandian]], [[Abhirami Venkatachalam]], [[Rio Raj]] and [[Maria Juliana]]<br />
|To launch the season.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Aishwarya Rajesh]]<br />
|To support Manikandan Rajesh via video call.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Week 9'''<br />
|'''Day 60'''<br />
|[[Anjali (actress)|Anjali]], [[Santhosh Prathap]] and [[Rajmohan Arumugam]]<br />
|To promote Fall, a web series on Disney+ Hotstar.<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan=3|'''Week 12'''<br />
|'''Day 79'''<br />
|Family members of Shivin, Myna Nandhini and Rachitha<br />
|rowspan=3|For freeze task.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Day 80'''<br />
|Family members of ADK, Manikandan, Amudhavanan<br />
|-<br />
|'''Day 81'''<br />
|Family members of Vikraman, Kathirravan and Azeem<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="15" |'''Week 14 - 15'''<br />
|'''Day 92'''<br />
|Suresh Chakravarthy and Ahmed Meeran<br />
|rowspan=2|For weekly task.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Day 93'''<br />
|VJ Parvathy and VJ Shobana<br />
|-<br />
|'''Day 94-101'''<br>'''Day 94-104'''<br />
|[[Robert (choreographer)|Robert]], G P Muthu .<br>Asal, [[Shanthi (choreographer)|Shanthi]], (Ex-contestants of this season)<br />
|rowspan=9|For [[Pongal (festival)|Pongal]] Celebrations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Day 95-101'''<br>'''Day 95-102'''<br>'''Day 95-104'''<br />
|Dhanalakshmi, Manikandan.<br> <br>Queency,<br> <br>Nivaashiyni (Ex-contestants of this season)<br />
|-<br />
|'''Day 96-102'''<br>'''Day 96-104'''<br />
|Sheriina, [[Maheshwari Chanakyan]] <br>Ram(Ex-contestants of this season)<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan=6|'''Day 99'''<br />
|[[Priyanka Deshpande]] and [[Ma Ka Pa Anand]]<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Super Singer 9]]'' contestants<br />
|-<br />
|[[Dhivyadharshini]]<br />
|-<br />
|Gomathi Priya and Vetri Vasanth<br />
|-<br />
|Singapore Deepan, Otteri, Silmisham Siva, Raveena Daha and Monisha<br />
|-<br />
|[[Saravanan (actor)|Saravanan]], Sujatha, Lakshmipriya, Prathiba, Aadhirai and Kaavya<br />
|-<br />
|'''Day 100-104'''<br />
|[[Rachitha Mahalakshmi]], [[Ayesha Zeenath]] (Ex-contestants of this season)<br />
|For reunion with housemates<br />
|-<br />
|'''Day 104'''<br />
|[[Kavin (actor)|Kavin]], [[Aparna Das]] <br />
|For promoting their film "Dada"<br />
|-<br />
|'''Day 105'''<br />
|Band members<br />
|For entertaining three finalists<br />
|-<br />
|'''Day 105'''<br />
|[[Kamal Hassan]]<br />
|For introducing title winner's trophy<br> and giving away special gifts to finalists.<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Weekly summary ==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; font-size:90%; line-height:20px"<br />
! rowspan="12" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 1<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''Day 1''': '''Muthu, Asal, Shivin, Azeem, Robert, Ayesha, Sheriina, Manikandan, Rachitha, Ram, Adk, Janany, Shanthi, Vikraman, Amudhavanan, Maheshwari, Kathirravan, Queency, Nivaashyni Krishnan and Dhanalakshmi''' entered the Bigg Boss house.<br/>'''Day 7''': '''Myna''' entered the house as a Wildcard Entrant.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bigg Boss Tamil Season 6 Contestants Names & Photos|url=https://en.janbharattimes.com/entertainment/bigg-boss-tamil-season-6-contestants-names-photos|access-date=2022-10-06 |website=janbharattimes.com|language=en}}</ref> <br />
|-<br />
| '''Twists'''<br />
|<br />
*On the '''Grand Launch''' day, all the housemates were assigned with a task and need to nominate 4 least interactive housemates a poun their arrival into the house. All the housemates made a decision and nominated '''Janany''', '''Vikraman''', '''Queency''' and '''Nivaashini''' as the least interactive housemates and as a punishment they were forced to sleep in the garden area in the banana peel bed for a whole night.<br />
*Bigg Boss broke its 5-year ritual of team luxury budget task and points and making the luxury budget task and points for individual housemates only. And no group sharing.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Captaincy Task'''<br />
|'''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''Enge Buzzer Ange Pressure!''': Each housemate had to play this task individually without any help from their co-housemates. The housemate that stops the buzzers around the house the quickest will receive luxury budget points for themselves only.<br />
*'''Maheshwari''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Amudhavanan''' won 200 points. <br />
*'''Janany''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Ayesha''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Nivaashiyni Krishnan''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Amudhavanan''' won another 200 points. <br />
*'''Shivin''' won 200 points. <br />
*'''Adk''' won 200 points. <br />
|-<br />
| '''Weekly Task'''<br />
| Housemates needed to be assigned to a group for house chores and each housemate picked their house chores group in which they will be assigned particular duties based on the group they have selected. Each group will have a group leader as well.<br />
'''Kitchen Group:'''<br />
Shanthi,<br />
'''Shivin''' '''(Leader)''',<br />
Adk,<br />
Vikraman,<br />
Maheshwari<br />
<br><br />
'''Bathroom Group:'''<br />
Rachitha,<br />
Robert,<br />
'''Amuthavanan''' '''(Leader)''',<br />
Ram,<br />
Nivaashini<br />
<br><br />
'''Vessel Group:'''<br />
Dhanalakshmi,<br />
Manikandan,<br />
Ayesha,<br />
'''Janany''' '''(Leader)''',<br />
Muthu<br />
<br><br />
'''Cleaning Group:'''<br />
Queency,<br />
'''Kathirravan(Leader),'''<br />
Azeem,<br />
Sheriina,<br />
Asal<br />
|-<br />
| '''Daily Tasks'''<br />
| '''Enna Satham Intha Neram''': From each club, 2 Members need to scream through the Bigg Boss mic. The member that screams the loudest and gets the highest amount of decibel will receive points and advantages for their club. <br />
* '''Kitchen Club Members'''<br />
* Vikraman – 1.2 Decibel<br />
* Shanthi – 1.0 Decibel<br />
* '''Bathroom Club Members'''<br />
* Robert – 1.2 Decibel<br />
* Rachitha – 2.3 Decibel ('''Winner''')<br />
*'''Vessel Club Members'''<br />
* Muthu – 1.5 Decibel ('''Winner''')<br />
* Dhanalakshmi – 1.3 Decibel<br />
*'''Cleaning Club Members'''<br />
* Asal – 0.2 Decibel<br />
* Sheriina – 1.4 Decibel<br />
*'''Muthu''' won the task after scoring a 1.5 decibel on the task and won Star points for his club.<br />
*'''Rachitha''' won the task after scoring a 2.3 decibel on the task and won Star points for her club.<br />
'''Park the Ball''': One member from each club will need to participate in this task, The task is to properly place the ball on a rolling table without making it fall of the edges of the board. The club that properly places the ball will win points for their club.<br />
*'''Kitchen Club'''<br />
*Adk<br />
*'''Vessels Club'''<br />
*Manikanda '''(Winner)'''<br />
*'''Cleaning Club'''<br />
*Kathirravan<br />
*'''Bathroom Club'''<br />
*Amudhavanan<br />
*'''Manikandan''' won the task and won points for the '''Vessels Club'''.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Banana Bed punishment'''<br />
|'''Janany, Queency, Vikraman and Nivaashini''' were nominated to be in the banana bed as a punishment for their lack of effort.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
|None<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
| All saved, Eviction cancelled <br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
| None<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="12" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 2<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| None<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |'''Captaincy Task'''||<br />
* '''GP Muthu, Shanthi Arvind and Janany Kunaseelan''' participated in the captaincy task. The task was the nominees were required to hold on to a massive clock and try not to lose grip whenever it spins. The last person remaining in the task will be declared house captain for week 2. <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– GP Muthu'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Janany Kunaseelan'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Shanthi Arvind'''<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''GP Muthu'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''Ayesha, Azeem, Dhanalakshmi, Maheshwari, Nivaashini, Queency, Rachitha, Ram, Shanthi, Sheriina, Shivin and Vikraman''' were nominated for '''Week 2''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''Dance Marathon:''' Each housemate will compete against an opposing housemate in a dance marathon. The housemate who dances longer and better than their opponent housemate will win luxury budget points.<br />
*'''Sherrina '''(Winner)''' VS Azeem'''<br />
*'''Kathirravan VS Vikraman '''(Winner)''' '''<br />
*'''Adk VS Muthu '''(Winner)''' '''<br />
*'''Asal '''(Winner)''' VS Ram'''<br />
*'''Nivaashini VS Amudhavanan '''(Winner)''' '''<br />
*'''Queency '''(Winner)''' VS Ayesha'''<br />
*'''Dhanalakshmi '''(Winner)''' VS Manikandan'''<br />
*'''Robert '''(Winner)''' VS Shanthi'''<br />
*'''Maheshwari VS Shivin '''(Winner)''' '''<br />
*'''Rachitha '''(Winner)''' VS Janany'''<br />
'''Myna''' is a spectator<br />
|-<br />
| '''Weekly Tasks'''<br />
| '''Kathai Solum Neram''': Housemates will be given 1 minute to complete their life story about their hardships and good moments in life. 3 buzzers will be kept and if any three housemates press the buzzer within the 1 minute time, housemates will not be able to complete their story. 8 housemates can be given a nomination free pass for which housemate that completes their life story. The housemate who presses the buzzer the maximum number of times will be directly nominated for eviction process.<br />
<br />
* Since '''Amudhavanan, Dhanalakshmi, Kathirravan, Manikandan, Myna, Nivaashini, Robert and Shivin''' were the eight contestant who completed their story, they were safe from '''Week 3''' nomination process.<br />
<br />
'''Ranking task''': Each housemate will need to discuss among themselves and rank 13 housemates (not the housemates who are saved from Kathai Solum Neram task) and be ranked from number 1 being the best all the way to number 13 being the worst player. The top 3 housemates will be directly nominated for captaincy and the 2 worst (ranked 12th and 13th) will be sent to the jail.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:15px;"<br />
|-<br />
! Rank<br />
! Contestants<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|Maheswari<br />
|- <br />
|2<br />
|Shanthi <br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|Adk<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|Asal<br />
|- <br />
|5<br />
|Queency<br />
|- <br />
|6<br />
|Rachitha<br />
|- <br />
|7<br />
|Sheriina<br />
|- <br />
|8<br />
|Vikraman<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|Ayesha<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|Azeem<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|Muthu<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|Ram (jail)<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|Janany (jail)<br />
|}<br />
* '''Maheshwari, Shanthi and Adk''' were directly nominated for week 3 captaincy.<br />
* '''Ram and Janany''' were sent to jail after receiving bottom 2 ranks. <br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
| '''Janany and Ram''' were sent to the jail.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants(Saving Orders)'''<br />
|'''Azeem, Ayesha, Rachitha, Shivin, Vikraman, Maheshwari, Nivaashini, Queency, Dhanalakshmi, Ram and Sherina''' were saved after facing public voting.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
|<br />
* On Day 13, '''GP Muthu''' walked out of the house due to his son's poor health.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bigg Boss Tamil Season 6 Highlights: GP Muthu walks out of the show|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/bigg-boss-tamil-season-6-highlights-gp-muthu-walks-out-of-the-show-kamal-haasan-2288614-2022-10-23|access-date=2022-10-23 |website=India Today|date=23 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref><br />
* On Day 14, '''Shanthi Arvind''' was evicted after facing public votes.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="12" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 3<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
|None<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |'''Captaincy Task'''|<br />
|* '''Aaryan Dinesh Kanagaratnam, Maheshwari Chanakyan and Queency Stanly''' participated in the captaincy task. Since the captaincy task took place on [[Deepavali]] day the task was to create a unique [[Rangoli]]. And the nominee with the best rangoli according to the housemates vote and whoever receives the majority vote will win captaincy.<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– Queency Stanly'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Maheswari Chanakyan'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Aaryan Dinesh Kanagaratnam'''<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''Queency Stanly'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''Adk, Asal, Ayesha, Azeem, Maheshwari, Janany and Rachitha''' were nominated for '''Week 3''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
|'''80 second task''': Each housemate will eat an uncommon item within the span of 80 seconds. If they do not manage to complete the task within 80 seconds they will not receive any luxury budget points.<br />
*'''Manikandan''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Janany''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Rachita''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Manikanda''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Dhanalakshmi''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Kathiravan''' won 200 points.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
| '''Neeyum Bommai Naanum Bommai''': Housemates will need to get a doll with another housemates name on it and run in time to the doll house and place the doll in the box, However the last doll that makes it to the house and doesn't receive a box will be out, which means that the name of the housemate on the last doll will be out of the task. The last person to still have their doll will win the task.<br />
'''Top 3'''<br />
<br />
'''Amudhavanan'''<br />
<br />
'''Robert'''<br />
<br />
'''Ram'''<br />
* Since '''Amudhavanan, Robert and Ram''' were the last three contestant to keep their doll safe, they were safe from '''Week 4''' nomination process.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
| '''Azeem and Shivin''' were sent to the jail.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
|'''Adk, Ayesha, Azeem, Maheshwari, Janany and Rachitha''' were saved after facing the public vote.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
|<br />
* On Day 21, '''Asal Kolaar''' was evicted after facing public votes.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="12" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 4<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| ''' None'''<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |'''Captaincy Task'''||<br />
* '''Manikandan Rajesh, Nivaashini Saravanan and Queency Stanly''' participated in the captaincy task. The task was the nominees were required to fill up a tube with water, they will need to collect water from one end of the house and overcome a obstacle and try to pour as much of water they can into the tube, the housemate who gets their tube filled first will win the captaincy task and serve as the 4th week captain. <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– Manikandan Rajesh'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Nivaashiyni'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Queency Stanly'''<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''Manikandan Rajesh'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''Ayesha, Azeem, Kathirravan, Sheriina and Vikraman''' were nominated for '''Week 4''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| This week Luxury Budget Task will be played as 2 teams<br />
<br />
* '''Water handball :''' The winning team should secure maximum goals to fetch the luxury points.<br />
* '''Thallu Mullu :''' The winning team should secure more points than the other team by showing their physical fitness to fetch the luxury points.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
|'''Indha TV vs Andha TV''': Housemates are put into groups and will be part of a fictional television network in the Bigg Boss house. Each TV group will need to come up with a timetable of fiction television programs they will need to air in their TV network. The television network that receives the most TRP ratings at the end of the week will win the luxury budget task.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
| '''Vikraman, Amudhavanan and Ram''' were sent to the jail.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
|'''Ayesha, Azeem, Kathirravan and Vikraman''' were saved after facing the public vote.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
|<br />
*On Day 28, '''Sherina Sam''' was evicted after facing public votes.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="12" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 5<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |'''Captaincy Task'''||<br />
* '''Amudhavanan, Myna Nandhini and Robert''' participated in the captaincy task. In this week task '''(Tibble Tobble)''' the nominees were allowed to use a skyboat with both of their legs tied to it. The one who stays longer in the skyboat without falling down will win this task and serve as the captain for 5th week. <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– Myna Nandhini'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Amudhavanan'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Robert'''<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''Myna Nandhini'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''Adk, Ayesha, Azeem, Dhanalakshmi, Maheshwari, Ram and Vikraman''' were nominated for '''Week 5''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
| '''Sweet Factory:''' Housemates will be divided into 2 groups and will form 2 mini groups selling sweets and desserts. Each group will need to submit their sweets to the judges (bosses) to get their approval if the dessert should be sold. If the judges (Quality Checkers) approve they will get a luxury budget point. While other remaining housemates will be known as the buyers (Customers) who buy the sweets that are approved by the judges.<br />
'''Kanna Laddu Thinna Aasaya Group'''<br />
<br />
'''Adai Thean Adai Group (WON)'''<br />
<br />
* Since Amudhavanan and Manikandan where selected as best performers of the week. Dhanalakshmi's team won the Sweet Factory task and as a leader she was saved from nomination, however she got the option to select the best player in her team and she selected Rachitha.<br />
* Hence '''Amudhavanan, Dhanalakshmi, Manikandan and Rachitha''' is also saved from '''Week 6''' nomination.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
|'''Truth or Dare:''' Each housemate will roll a dice with truth and dare on each side. If the housemate's dice lands on a dare they will be dared by Bigg Boss to fully successfully complete the dare, however if they refuse to complete the dare they will be punished. If the dice lands on a truth side, the housemate will need to answer the question honestly given by Bigg Boss in the confession room.<br />
*'''Maheshwari''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Amudhavanan''' won 200 points. <br />
*'''Manikandan''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Azeem''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Nivaashiyni''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Ram''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Queency''' won 200 points.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
| None<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
|''' Adk, Ayesha, Azeem, Dhanalakshmi, Ram and Vikraman''' were saved after facing the public vote.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
|<br />
*On Day 35, '''Maheshwari Chanakyan''' was evicted after facing public votes.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="14" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 6<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="5"| '''Captaincy Task'''<br />
|* '''Amudhavanan, Manikandan, Rachitha and Vikraman''' participated in the captaincy task. In this week task, the nominees will stand on a small circle platform and push other nominees with the help of the boxing stick, out of the circle. The last nominee to remain in the circle platform will win captaincy.<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– Manikandan Rajesh'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Amudhavanan'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Rachitha Mahalakshmi'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Vikraman Radhakrishnan'''<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''Manikandan Rajesh'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''Ayesha, Azeem, Dhanalakshmi, Janany, Kathirravan, Nivaashini, Queency and Robert''' were nominated for '''Week 6''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sponsor's''' '''Task <br>(Day 36)'''<br />
|'''Nippon paint atom 2 in 1 task:''' Housemates will be divided into 3 teams. The task consists of two rounds.<br />
<br />
* '''Round 1- Paint the wall:''' It requires 1 member from all the 3 teams. The members have to paint the walls according to the instructions given in the queue card read by the judge. The top 2 teams selected by the judge advances to the second round.<br />
* '''Round 2- Ullae veliye:''' The 2 selected teams, should listen to instructions from the judge. When he says '''ULLAE,''' they should stand on blue carpet, for '''VELIYE,''' they should stand on red carpet. in each round 1 member who doesn't get the carpet will be eliminated. The last member remaining in the carpet will be the winner of the round.<br />
* '''Judge''': Azeem<br />
* '''Myna team''' : Myna, Robert, Manikandan, Adk, Amuthavanan. '''(Won the final round)'''<br />
* '''Ayesha team''': Ayesha, Nivaashini, Ram, kathiravan, Dhanalakshmi.<br />
* '''Shivin team''': Shivin, Vikraman, Rachitha, Queency, Janany. ('''Lost in 1st round''')<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''Roast Challenge:''' Each housemate will need to roast an opposing housemate in any sorts of way. The housemate who wins the roast according to BIGG BOSS will win 400 luxury budget points.<br />
*'''Amudhavanan''' won 400 points. <br />
*'''Kathiravan''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Ayesha''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Janany''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Rachitha''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Myna''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Vikraman''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Dhanalakshmi''' won 400 points.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
|'''RAJA PARAMBARAI ARUNGACHIYAGAM (BIG BOSS ROYAL MUSEUM):''' Housemates will be divided into three groups one being the Royal family, Museum guards and House servants.<br />
'''Royal Family:'''<br />
[[File:Royal crown curved.svg|thumb|Crown of King and Queen]]<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:15px;"<br />
|-<br />
! Role<br />
! Housemate<br />
|-<br />
|[[King]]<br />
|Robert<br />
|-<br />
|[[Queen consort|Queen]]<br />
|Rachitha <br />
|-<br />
|[[Prince]]<br />
|Manikandan<br />
|-<br />
|[[Princess]]<br />
|Janany<br />
|- <br />
|Raja Guru<br />
|Vikraman<br />
|- <br />
|Thalapathy<br />
|Azeem<br />
|- <br />
|}<br />
'''Museum Guards:''' Take care of the royal family.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:15px;"<br />
|-<br />
! Role<br />
! Housemate<br />
|-<br />
|Leader of guards<br />
|Adk<br />
|- <br />
|Supervisor (who is night blinded) <br />
|Ram <br />
|-<br />
|Guard-1: Doesn't know anything about the museum and just says stories <br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br />
|-<br />
|Guard-2: Sleeps while standing or talking<br />
|Ayesha<br />
|- <br />
|Guard 3<br />
|Queency<br />
|-<br />
|Guard 4<br />
|Nivaashini<br />
|}<br />
'''House Servants:''' Take care of the household works and entertains the royal family. <br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:15px;"<br />
|-<br />
! Role<br />
! Housemate<br />
|-<br />
|House Servant 1<br />
|Shivin<br />
|-<br />
|House Servant 2<br />
|Kathirravan <br />
|-<br />
|House Servant 3<br />
|Amudhavanan<br />
|-<br />
|House Servant 4 (Hearing impaired)<br />
|Myna<br />
|}<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
| '''Robert and Rachitha''' were sent to the jail.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
| '''Ayesha, Azeem, Dhanalakshmi, Janany, Kathirravan, Queency and Robert''' were saved after facing the public vote.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
|<br />
*On Day 42, '''Nivaashini Saravanan''' was evicted after facing public votes.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="13" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 7<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="4"| '''Captaincy Task'''<br />
|<br />
* '''Myna Nandhini, Dhanalakshmi and Kathirravan Kabilan''' participated in the captaincy task. <br />
* '''Enga Area Ulla Varathey:''' In this week task, Each contestant have to safeguard their poles by defending the ball which is forwarded by the volunteers of other competitors. Each contestant can select maximum 2 volunteers, the one who misses to defend the goal will be eliminated and the last one to safeguard their pole safely will be the captain of the house.<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– Myna Nandhini'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Dhanalakshmi'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Kathirravan Kabilan'''<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''Myna Nandhini'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''Amudhavanan, Azeem, Dhanalakshmi, Kathirravan, Manikandan, Ram and Robert''' were nominated for '''Week 7''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''SPIN BOARD TASK:''' A spin board will be set up in the garden area. On hearing the buzzer, the first 2 persons reaching it will be allowed to play. One will stand on the rotating spin board and the next person will handle the wheel rotating the spin board. The person on the board need to complete the entire time duration standing on it to achieve 400 luxury budget points. If the person falls or asks to stop rotating the board, the housemate handling the wheel will get 400 luxury points.<br />
*'''Kathiravan''' won 400 points. <br />
*'''Myna''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Shivin''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Robert''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Amudhavanan''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Manikandan''' won 400 points.<br />
*'''Dhanalakshmi''' won 400 points.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
|'''BB COURTROOM:''' Housemates can register their cases before the front door camera without the knowledge of others. BB chamber will be selecting the cases for discussion in the courtroom. The petitioner and the respondent can select their own lawyers and discuss the case before the judge(selected by the housemates) in the courtroom. The judge will finally announce the results of the petition. Other housemates will act as jury.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sponsor's''' '''Task <br>(Day 47)'''<br />
|'''Preethi appliances 60-90 task:''' Housemates will be divided into 2 teams of 7 under '''Ayesha and Azeem'''. Every housemate from both the teams will be required to complete the given grinding task using Preethi mixer and present it on the table. The judge will select the best team by comparing the final output and presentation skills and announce the winner.<br />
<br />
* '''Judge:''' Shivin.<br />
* '''Azeem team (BLUE):''' Azeem, Janany, Rachitha, Robert, Amudhavanan, Vikraman and Manikandan. '''(WON)'''<br />
* '''Ayesha team (RED):''' Ayesha, Kathiravan, Ram, Myna, Adk, Queency and Dhanalakshmi.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
| '''Robert and Queency''' were sent to the jail.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
| '''Amudhavanan, Azeem, Dhanalakshmi, Kathirravan, Manikandan and Ram''' were saved after facing the public vote.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
| <br />
*On Day 49, '''Robert Raj''' was evicted after facing public votes.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="14" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 8<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="4"| '''Captaincy Task'''<br />
|<br />
* '''Azeem, Shivin and Vikraman''' participated in the captaincy task. In this task, A coder is arranged in the garden area to set up the word '''"CAPTAIN"''' for each housemate separately '''.''' Each letter will be thrown as a ball from the pipe above. The housemate who first assembles the word, will win the captaincy task and serves as the captain of this week.<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– Azeem'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Shivin'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Vikraman'''<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''Azeem'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''Dhanalakshmi, Janany, Kathirravan, Myna, Queency and Rachitha''' were nominated for '''Week 8''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''LOCK & KEY CHALLENGE:''' In this task, each housemate will be supplied with 2 locks to lock the other housemates and also a key to save the previously locked housemate. The decision to free the housemate will be optional. The one who wins the task finally without any locks, acquires the luxury budget points.<br />
*'''Manikandan''' won the task and won 4000 luxury points.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
|'''BOGABIZZAVUM ALIENGALUM:'''<br />
* In this task, the housemates will be divided into 2 groups of 7. ('''Aliens & Tribals''')<br />
* '''TRIBALS:''' These people worship bogabizza as their god, whenever it feels hungry, tribals have to pick a flower from the small pond and place it in his mouth, Bogabizza then gives them precious gems & sand. Housemates then use the gems & sand to make the miracle stone with their name stamp and safeguard them.<br />
* '''Tribal group''': Azeem, Vikraman, Myna, Adk, Kathiravan, Ram & Shivin.<br />
* '''ALIENS:''' These people from different land failing to capture the miracle stone from tribals, they occupied the pond completely.<br />
* '''Aliens group:''' Manikandan, Dhanalakshmi, Queency, Amudavanan, Ayesha, Rachitha, Janany.<br />
* '''THE TASK-TRIBALS:''' Whenever bogabizza hungry buzzer rings, tribals need to enter the alien land to '''steal flowers''' without getting caught. If they get caught, they will be placed in reactor chair, should not showcase their emotions . If they win they will get flowers, if they lose they have to be servants to the aliens.<br />
* '''THE TASK-ALIENS:''' Whenever their strength reduces there will be buzzer warning so they have to enter the tribal land to '''steal Miracle stone''' without getting caught. If they get caught, they will be placed in a reactor chair, should not showcase their emotions. If they win they will get stones, if they loss they will lose their alien power and have to a tribal.<br />
* '''Dhanalakshmi and Rachitha''' had a lot of stone from their team respectively and were saved from '''Week 9''' Nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sponsor's''' '''Task <br>(Day 54)'''<br />
|'''Nexa Zig Zag puzzle task:''' Housemates will be divided into 3 teams of 4. After the buzzer, 1st person from every team have to take the bunch of keys and try opening the nexa zigzag box. The 2nd person should place the puzzles on the magnetic board, then the last 2 persons should solve the puzzle by rearranging them. First team to complete the task will be the winner.<br />
<br />
* '''Dhanalakshmi team''': Dhanalakshmi, Amudhavanan, Janany & Queency<br />
* '''Rachitha team''': Rachitha, Vikraman, shivin & Ram.<br />
* '''Manikandan team''' : Manikandan, Azeem, Adk & kathiravan. '''(WON)'''<br />
* '''Judges''': Myna & Ayesha.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Worst Performers'''<br />
| '''Azeem and Myna''' were given punishment.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
| '''Dhanalakshmi, Janany, Kathirravan, Myna and Rachitha''' were saved after facing the public vote.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
| <br />
*On Day 56, '''Queency Stanly''' was evicted after facing public votes.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="12" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 9<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="4"| '''Captaincy Task'''<br />
|<br />
* '''Dhanalakshmi, Manikandan and Shivin''' participated in the captaincy task. In this week task, housemates have to stand on the spring platform set up in the garden area & they are provided with 2 ropes with a knot. Housemates are allowed to hold only one rope and they should try to remove the knots of other competitors without falling down from the platform. At last, the one who safeguards their rope's knot will be the winner. <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– Manikandan'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Dhanalakshmi'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Shivin'''<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''Manikandan'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''Adk, Ayesha, Azeem, Janany, Kathirravan and Ram''' were nominated for '''Week 9''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''KANNAMPOCHI RAE RAE:''' In this task, the housemate who is near to the task camera when the buzzer rings, have to close their eyes for 20 seconds while others hide themselves. After the completion of 20 seconds, they have to find 6 or more housemates within 60 seconds to win 200 luxury budget points.<br />
*'''Janany''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Myna''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Rachitha''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Amudhavanan''' won 200 points. <br />
*'''Manikandan''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Shivin''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Ayesha''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Kathirravan''' won 200 points.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
|'''TWINKLE TWINKLE PERIYA STAR:''' <br />
* In this task, each housemate will be a given a film based character. Throughout the week they have to live the character, entertain the audience and hence receive money from other characters.<br />
* A buzzer will be set up in the living area & big boss currency will be given to all housemates.<br />
* The one who presses the buzzer when '''red light blinks,''' should nominate a character to perform on the stage and after the performance prizes will be given. <br />
* The one who presses the buzzer when '''blue light blinks,''' should challenge another character on the stage and both will compete on each other based on a given situation.<br />
* At the end of the week, the housemate with highest money will be the Winner.<br />
* '''Amudhavanan''' had the highest money and became the Winner<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!HOUSEMATE<br />
!FICTIONAL CHARACTER<br />
!REAL NAME/ CHARACTER<br />
|-<br />
|Adk<br />
|Bongarandha<br />
|Nithyanandha<br />
|-<br />
|Myna<br />
|Poonai Sekhar<br />
|Naai Sekhar (Vadivelu)<br />
|-<br />
|Shivin<br />
|Modern Mohini<br />
|Jagan Mohini<br />
|-<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Mosamani<br />
|Nesamani (Vadivelu)<br />
|-<br />
|Kathiravan<br />
|Cycle Jackson<br />
|Michael Jackson<br />
|-<br />
|Ayesha<br />
|Mad Madhan<br />
|Manmadhan (STR)<br />
|-<br />
|Vikraman<br />
|Kanniyan<br />
|Anniyan (Vikram)<br />
|-<br />
|Janany<br />
|Araathu Vanathi<br />
|Araathu Aanandhi( Sai Pallavi)<br />
|-<br />
|Ram<br />
|Thuguvaran<br />
|Raghuvaran<br />
|-<br />
|Azeem<br />
|Vakeel Ganeshan<br />
|Sivaji Ganeshan<br />
|-<br />
|Amudhavanan<br />
|MR Vedha<br />
|MR Radha<br />
|-<br />
|Manikandan<br />
|Valaiah<br />
|Balaiah<br />
|-<br />
|Rachitha<br />
|Geetha Devi<br />
|Saroja Devi<br />
|}<br />
|-<br />
| '''Worst Performers''' <br />
| '''Vikraman and Shivin''' were given punishment.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
| '''Adk, Azeem, Janany and Kathirravan''' were saved after facing the public vote.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
| <br />
*On Day 62, '''Ram Ramaswamy''' was evicted after facing public votes.<br />
*On Day 63, '''Ayesha Zenath''' was evicted after facing public votes.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="14" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 10<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="4"| '''Captaincy Task'''<br />
|<br />
* '''Amudhavanan, Myna and Rachitha''' participated in the captaincy task. In this week task, Three set of Chairs with attached beakers were placed in the garden area. The contestants have to fill the beaker with water from the balloon pool by absorbing the water and sitting on the chair. The contestant who fills the beaker first will win the captaincy task and serves as the captain of this week.<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– Myna'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Rachitha'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Amudhavanan'''<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''Myna'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''Adk, Azeem, Janany, Manikandan, Rachitha and Vikraman''' were nominated for '''Week 10''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| In this week task, Whenever the buzzer rings, housemates should answer 4 questions '''(age 10 IQ standard)''' within 90 seconds asked by BIGBOSS in the confession room . Each correctly answered question carries 50 luxury budget points.<br />
*'''Myna''' won 50 points.<br />
*'''Dhanalakshmi''' won 50 points.<br />
*'''Vikraman''' won 200 points.<br />
*'''Azeem''' won 50 points. <br />
*'''Amudhavanan''' won 100 points.<br />
*'''Rachitha''' won 100 points.<br />
*'''Shivin''' won 150 points.<br />
*'''Adk''' won 100 points.<br />
*'''Janany''' won 50 points.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
|'''SHORTCUT :'''<br />
* In this task, Housemates will be divided into '''4''' '''Angels''' ( Who live in Heaven) & '''7 Demons''' (Who live in Hell) .<br />
* '''DEMONS-''' They will be locked in a cage & whenever opened they should complete the task given by angels. Once Successfully completed, they will be sent to cage. If they fail the task, they will be punished.<br />
* Demons can enter the heaven and become an angel in 2 ways. One is '''during the swapping time''' an angel and a demon can be swapped by the decision of angels. The second way is through the '''tunnel shortcut .''' If a demon successfully crossed the shortcut and enters the heaven, an angel should be swapped again. If a demon gets caught in the tunnel they will be punished by angels.<br />
* '''ANGELS-''' They should safeguard the heaven from demons entry and also perform all the household works.<br />
* Since '''Adk, Amudhavanan, Janany and Manikandan''' managed to secure their position as angels, hence they were granted the power to avoid getting nominated for '''Week 11''' nomination process.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sponsor's''' '''Task <br>(Day 64)'''<br />
|'''Finolex Pipes Fitting Task:''' Housemates will be divided into 3 teams of 3 each . Each team is given with a finolex board containing incomplete pipe fittings. Members from each team should assemble the given pieces/joints in the board one after the other (RELAY). The team which assembles the complete pipe fittings first with full accuracy will be the winner of this task.<br />
<br />
* '''Rachitha team:''' Rachitha, Shivin & Amudhavanan. '''(WON)'''<br />
* '''Myna team:''' Myna, Azeem & Dinesh.<br />
* '''Dhanalakshmi team:''' Dhanalakshmi, Vikraman & Janany<br />
* '''Judges:''' Manikandan & Kathiravan.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sponsor's''' '''Task <br>(Day 68)'''<br />
|'''Nippon paint shooting task:''' Housemates will be divided into 2 teams of 5 each. Two balloon walls of yellow & Blue will be set up in the garden area with red and silver balloons intermittently. Team members have to shoot red balloons in their walls with the help of Nippon gun. From 6 bullets from the gun, 2 bullets have to be shot while standing, 2 in squat position & last 2 in ground position. 5 points for shooting red balloon, -2 points for silver balloon and no points for shooting blue/yellow balloons. The team with highest points wins the game.<br />
<br />
* '''Judge:''' Shivin.<br />
* '''Rachitha team:''' Rachitha ''',''' Myna, Kathiravan, ADK & Amudhavan.<br />
* '''Janany team:''' Janany, Dhana Lakshmi, Manikandan, Vikraman & Azeem. '''(WON)'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Worst Performers''' <br />
| '''Janany and Rachitha''' were given punishment.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
| '''Adk, Azeem, Manikandan, Rachitha and Vikraman''' were saved after facing the public vote.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
| <br />
*On Day 70, '''Janany Kunaseelan''' was evicted after facing public votes.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="13" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 11<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|rowspan="4"|'''Captaincy Task'''<br />
|<br />
* '''Manikandan, ADK & Amudhavanan''' participated in the captaincy task. In this week task, Every contestant has 2 supporters which will be decided by non contender. Each team will send a person in every round, the game is to put a basket on other 2 person's head to eliminate them from the competition. At the end of 3 rounds, the team with more participants wins and the leader will be the captain of this week. <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– Manikandan'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Adk'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Amudhavanan'''<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''Manikandan'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| '''Azeem, Dhanalakshmi, Kathirravan, Myna, Rachitha, Shivin and Vikraman''' were nominated for '''Week 11''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''1-1 person task:'''<br />
* This game will be played in pairs.<br />
* On hearing the buzzer, they have to wear the task dress and assemble inside the circle ( Divided into 5,10,20 and 50 points)<br />
* One person have to drag the other person out of the circle near the point they needs.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
|'''Kana kaanum kaalangal:''' <br />
* Big Boss house was recreated as a School & College and the housemates assumed the role of characters working in a typical school/college.<br />
* Food must be prepared by the teachers and the rest of the housemates will assume the role of students.<br />
* The best performing teacher & 2 students will assume the role of teachers on the next day.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!<br />
!TASK <br />
!TEACHERS<br />
|-<br />
|Day 72<br />
|Primary school<br />
|Azeem, Amudhavanan & Vikraman<br />
|-<br />
|Day 73<br />
|High school<br />
|Myna, Kathiravan & Amudhavanan<br />
|-<br />
|Day 74<br />
|Arts & Science college<br />
|Manikandan, Amudhavanan & Vikraman.<br />
|}<br />
'''Ranking task''': Each housemate will need to discuss among themselves and be ranked from number 1 being the best all the way to number 10 being the worst player based on their performance in 75 days. The top 3 housemates will be directly nominated for captaincy and the 2 worst (ranked 9th and 10th) will be serving as robots to top 2 people.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!'''Rank'''<br />
!Housemate<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|Azeem<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|Amudhavanan<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|Manikandan<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|ADK<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|Rachitha<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|Myna<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|Kathiravan<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|Shivin<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|Vikraman<br />
|}<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sponsor's''' '''Task <br>(Day 75)'''<br />
|'''Preethi cooking task:''' Housemates will be divided into 2 teams of 4 each. The challenge is to cook items with milk, dhal, chicken & rice within 1 hour. The judges have to select the winning team based on number of items, taste & presentation.<br />
<br />
* '''Rachitha team:''' Rachitha, Manikandan, ADK & Azeem. '''(WON)'''<br />
* '''Shivin team:''' Shivin, Amudhavanan, Kathiravan & Myna<br />
* '''Judges:''' Dhanalakshmi & Vikraman.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
| '''Azeem, Kathirravan, Myna, Rachitha, Shivin and Vikraman''' were saved after facing the public vote.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
| On day 77, '''Dhanalakshmi''' was evicted after facing public vote<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="11" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 12<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | '''Captaincy Task'''<br />
|<br />
* '''Azeem & Amudhavanan''' participated in the captaincy task. In this week task, both of them have to tie their back with ropes. After the first buzzer, they have to collect gifts shattered in the activity area. After the second buzzer, they have to count the gifts collected by them. The one who receives the maximum gifts will be the captain of this week.<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– Amudhavanan'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Azeem'''<br />
|-<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''Amudhavanan'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| Amudhavanan, Azeem, ADK, Kathirravan, Myna, Manikandan, Shivin, and Vikraman were nominated for '''Week 12''' Nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''Engaluku ungala evlo teriyum:'''<br />
* In this task, When the buzzer rings, housemates and their family members should answer 4 questions asked by BIGBOSS in the activity area to check their compatibility . Each correctly answered question carries 50 luxury budget points<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
|'''Freeze or Release Task''':<br />
<br />
* Bigg boss will take full control over the task. He will instruct the housemates by using words like freeze, release, rewind, fast forward, sleep mode, and loop.<br />
* Family members of all the housemates will enter the BB house as a part of this freeze task.<br />
<br />
'''Task: Nan yaar endru terikiratha ?..'''<br />
<br />
* '''Housemates must answer 2 questions before the dice in order to evaluate his position and quality in this BB house after 80 days.'''<br />
* Question 1: Housemates should explain how they are better when compared to others.<br />
* Question 2: Housemates have to identify another housemate whom they think, will qualify for finals along with them.<br />
* Other housemates should fill a glass full of sand in a beaker, when they are convinced with other's answers, if they are not convinced they have to voice out their opinions.<br />
* First 2 Housemates who received highest amount of sand in their beaker will be the winners of this task and selected for captaincy task of week 13.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
| '''Amudhavanan, ADK, Azeem, Manikandan, Myna, Shivin and Vikraman''' were saved after facing the public votes.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
| On day 84, '''Manikandan Rajesh''' was evicted after facing public vote.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="13" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 13<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
|'''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" | '''Captaincy Task'''<br />
|<br />
* '''ADK & Azeem''' participated in the captaincy task. In this week task, both of them have to discuss what they have done in their big boss journey in order to become a rightful captain this week. The participant who agrees with what the opponent said, fails the task and the other participant becomes the house captain.<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:#9F6;"| '''Winner– ADK'''<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center; background:salmon;"|'''Failed– Azeem'''<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''ADK'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| ADK, Amudhavanan, Kathirravan, Myna, Rachitha, Shivin and Vikraman were nominated for '''Week 13''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sponsor's''' '''Task <br>(Day 85)'''<br />
|'''Bru instant coffee aroma task:''' Housemates will be divided into 2 teams of 3 each. The challenge is a treasure hunt, after finding the bru's aroma, housemates have to search the BB house for the hidden secret code inside the pouches, with the help of clue's from the judges. The team which first unlocks the bru wooden box with the secret code will be the winner of this task.<br />
<br />
* '''Rachitha team:''' Rachitha, Vikraman & Amudhavanan. '''(WON)'''<br />
* '''Shivin team:''' Shivin, Kathiravan & ADK.<br />
* '''Judges:''' Myna & Azeem.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sponsor's''' '''Task <br>(Day 89)'''<br />
|'''Country delight cooking & QA task''': Housemates will be divided into 2 teams of 3 each. Challenge will be in 2 rounds. In first round, HMs should answer the questions asked by the judges, Each correct answer fetches 10 points for the team. In round 2, the teams should prepare payasam based on the given ingredients. The judges should select the winner based on presentation and taste and awards them 30 points. The highest scoring team will be the overall winner of the task.<br />
<br />
* '''Shivin team:''' Shivin, Vikraman & ADK.<br />
* '''Myna team:''' Myna, Kathiravan & Amudhavanan. '''(WON)'''<br />
* '''Judges:''' Rachitha & Azeem.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
|'''Ticket To Finale Task:'''<br />
*All the housemates need to participate in all of the '''TICKET TO FINALE TASKS(TTF).'''<br />
*At the end of each task, the winner will receive '''8 TILES''', and '''the next member will receive 1 tile less than the previous member''', while the least scorer receives '''1 TILE.'''<br />
*At the end of each physical task, the winner will be challenged by remaining HMs. The winner can decide with whom he must compete & the winner of the challenging task will receive challenging person's number of tiles.<br />
*Eventually, the housemate with maximum tiles at the end wins the ticket to the finale and enters the finale as '''1st Finalist.'''<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style=" text-align:center; font-size:85%; line-height:32px; width:auto;"<br />
! rowspan="3" scope="col" |Housemates<br />
! colspan="10" scope="col" | TICKET TO FINALE TASKS & POINTS<br />
|-<br />
!TASK 1<br />
!TASK 2<br />
!TASK 3<br />
!TASK 4<br />
!TASK 5<br />
!TASK 6<br />
!TASK 7<br />
!TASK 8<br />
!TASK 9<br />
!TOTAL<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col" |Rolling the ball<br />
! scope="col" |Neruku Ner <br />
! scope="col" |A Game of Balance<br />
! scope="col" |Than Kaalae Thanaku Udavi <br />
! scope="col" |Thanila gandam <br />
! scope="col" |Mithivandi ungal Vidhivandi <br />
! scope="col" |Pull the Pipe<br />
! scope="col" |Soapy Handball<br />
! scope="col" |Form the Image<br />
! scope="col" |Total Tiles<br />
|-<br />
| Azeem<br />
| 4<br />
| 3<br />
| 0<br />
| 1<br />
| 3<br />
| 2<br />
| 8<br />
| 3<br />
| 3<br />
| 27<br />
|-<br />
| Amudhavanan<br />
| 7<br />
| 5<br />
| 7<br />
| 8<br />
| 3<br />
| 7<br />
| 7<br />
| 8<br />
| 5<br />
| 57<br />
|-<br />
| Rachitha<br />
| 6<br />
| 5<br />
| 4<br />
| 4<br />
| 2<br />
| 5<br />
| 6<br />
| 3<br />
| 2<br />
| 37<br />
|-<br />
| Kathiravan<br />
| 2<br />
| 3<br />
| 9<br />
| 7<br />
| 6<br />
| 1<br />
| 3<br />
| 7<br />
| 7<br />
| 45<br />
|-<br />
| Myna<br />
| 9<br />
| 3<br />
| 5<br />
| 6<br />
| 1<br />
| 6<br />
| 2<br />
| 3<br />
| 1<br />
| 36<br />
|-<br />
| Shivin<br />
| 3<br />
| 8<br />
| 2<br />
| 3<br />
| 7<br />
| 4<br />
| 1<br />
| 6<br />
| 8<br />
| 42<br />
|-<br />
| Vikraman<br />
| 0<br />
| 7<br />
| 3<br />
| 2<br />
| 4<br />
| 8<br />
| 5<br />
| 5<br />
| 6<br />
| 40<br />
|-<br />
| ADK<br />
| 5<br />
| 3<br />
| 6<br />
| 5<br />
| 10<br />
| 3<br />
| 4<br />
| 3<br />
| 4<br />
| 43<br />
|}<br />
'''Amudhavanan''' won ticket to finale and was declared the first finalist.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
| '''ADK, Azeem, Kathirravan, Myna, Shivin and Vikraman''' were saved after facing the public votes. <br />
|-<br />
|'''Exits'''<br />
|On Day 91, '''Rachitha Mahalakshmi''' was evicted after facing public vote.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="10" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 14<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ex-Contestants Entry'''<br />
|<br />
* On day 94, '''Asal, [[Robert (choreographer)|Robert]], [[Shanthi (choreographer)|Shanthi]] &G P Muthu''' entered the house for Pongal celebrations.<br />
* On day 95, '''Dhanalakshmi, Manikandan, Queency & Nivaashini''' entered the house for Pongal celebrations.<br />
* On day 96, '''Ram, Sherina & [[Maheshwari Chanakyan]]''' entered the house for Pongal celebrations.<br />
|-<br />
| '''Captaincy Task'''<br />
|'''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Nominations'''<br />
| ADK, Azeem, Kathirravan, Myna, Shivin and Vikraman were nominated for '''Week 14''' nominations.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
|<br />
* '''Unboxing task:''' On day 92, Suresh Chakravarthy and Ahmed Meeran entered the house to unbox the housemates and to advise them for their finale week.<br />
* '''Interview task:''' On day 93, VJ Parvathy & VJ Shobana entered the house to interview the housemates and to reveal the audience pulse to them.<br />
* '''Sacrifice task 1.0:''' Housemates may decide to do some sacrifices as instructed by the big boss to prove their level of commitment to the big boss show.<br />
* '''Sacrifice task 2.0:''' Housemates may decide to do some sacrifices as decided by the ex-contestants, if sacrifice 1.0 is not considered as worthy sacrifice.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!'''Housemates'''<br />
!'''Sacrifice 1.0'''<br />
!'''Sacrifice 2.0'''<br />
|-<br />
|ADK<br />
|To pack his own clothes & should wear other's clothes.<br />
|To tonsure his head leaving some area in the front.<br />
|-<br />
|Vikraman<br />
|To wax the hair in his hands & legs.<br />
|To clean shave his face one side only.<br />
|-<br />
|Azeem<br />
|To wear lungi, without wearing makeup & combing hair.<br />
|To wear saree/chudithar . ('''NOT ACCEPTED BY AZEEM).'''<br />
|-<br />
|Kathiravan<br />
|To dip one pair of his shoes in the paint.<br />
|To wear cripple top T-shirt & one side completely cut jeans.<br />
|-<br />
|Myna<br />
| rowspan="2" |To cut their hair short without seeing the mirror.<br />
|To cut her hair one side only.<br />
|-<br />
|Shivin<br />
|To put Dark brown skin colored makeup.<br />
|-<br />
|Amudhavanan<br />
|To color his hair blonde.<br />
|To tonsure his head leaving some area in the center.<br />
|}<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
|'''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Saved contestants'''<br />
|''' Azeem, Kathirravan, Myna, Shivin and Vikraman''' were saved after facing the public votes. <br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
|On Day 98, '''ADK''' was evicted after facing public vote.<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="9" style="background:#FF7518; color:black; " |Week 15<br> (Grand Finale Week)<br />
| '''Entrances'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Ex-contestants entry'''<br />
| On Day 100, ''' [[Rachitha Mahalakshmi]], [[Ayesha Zeenath]] entered the house for reunion with the finalists. '''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Captaincy Task'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''House Captain'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Luxury Budget Task'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
|'''Weekly Task'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Jail'''<br />
| '''None'''<br />
|-<br />
| '''Exits'''<br />
|<br />
* On Day 100, '''Kathirravan Kabilan''' Walked out of the Bigg Boss house after accepting the first cash prize eviction with 3 Lakhs.<br />
* On Day 103, '''Amudhavanan''' Walked out of the Bigg Boss house after accepting the second cash prize eviction with 11.75 Lakhs.<br />
* On Day 103, Nandhini was evicted during mid-week eviction.<br />
|-<br />
|'''Finalists''' <br />
|During the final week the public vote for who they want to win Bigg Boss. The finalists for the title were as following:<br />
* '''Mohamed Azeem '''<br />
* '''Shivin Ganesan'''<br />
* '''Vikraman Radhakrishnan'''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" |<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="3" style="background:gold; text-align:center"|Day 105<br/>Grand Finale<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|2nd Runner-up<br />
| style="background:#7FFFD4; text-align:center" |'''Shivin Ganesan'''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|1st Runner-up<br />
| style="background:#D1E8EF; text-align:center" |'''Vikraman Radhakrishnan'''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|Winner<br />
| style="background:#73FB76; text-align:center" |'''Mohamed Azeem '''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Nomination table ==<br />
<!-- HOUSEMATES NAMES SHOULD NOT HAVE THEIR LAST NAMES ON --><br />
<!-- Do not change the format and don’t add Colors or to this table --><br />
<!-- Nominations should be in alphabetical order. --> <blockquote style="padding: 0em; overflow:auto;"><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%; font-size:85%; line-height:15px;"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |<br />
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Week 1<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 2<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 3<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 4<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 5<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 6<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 7<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 8<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 9<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 10<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 11<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 12<br />
! colspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 13<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 5%;" |Week 14<br />
! colspan="4" style="width: 5%;" |Week 15<br />
|-<br />
!'''Day 85'''<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" | '''Day 89<br>(Ticket to finale)''' <br />
!'''Day 100'''<br />
!'''Day 103'''<br />
|colspan="2" style="background:#FFD700" |'''Day 105<br> Grand Finale'''<br />
|- style="background:#C2DFFF;" |<br />
! colspan="2" style="background:#C2DFFF;" | Nominees for House Captaincy<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#ccc" |''No Nominees''<br />
|Janany<br>Muthu<br>Shanthi<br />
|Adk<br>Maheshwari<br>Queency<br><s>Shanthi</s><br />
|Manikandan<br>Nivaashini<br>Queency<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Nandhini<br>Robert<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Manikandan<br>Rachitha<br>Vikraman<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Kathirravan<br>Nandhini<br />
|Azeem<br>Shivin<br>Vikraman<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Manikandan<br>Shivin<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Nandhini<br>Rachitha<br />
|Adk<br>Amudhavanan<br>Manikandan<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Azeem<br><s>Dhanalakshmi</s><br />
|colspan="2"|ADK<br>Azeem<br />
| colspan="5" style="background:#ccc" |''No Nominees''<br />
|- <br />
! colspan="2" style="background:#cfc;" |House<br />Captain<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#ccc" |''No House <br>Captain''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''Muthu'''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''Queency'''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''Manikandan'''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''Nandhini'''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''Manikandan'''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''Nandhini'''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''Azeem'''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''Manikandan'''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" | '''Nandhini'''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''Manikandan'''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |'''Amudhavanan'''<br />
|colspan="2" style="background:#cfc;" |'''ADK'''<br />
| colspan="5" style="background:#ccc" |''No House <br>Captain''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" |Captain's<br />Nomination<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#ccc" |''No Nominations''<br />
|Vikraman<br>Queency<br />
|Azeem<br>Rachitha<br />
|Vikraman<br>Shivin <br />
|Ayesha<br>Ram<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Robert<br />
|Robert<br>Janany<br />
|Queency<br>Rachitha<br />
|Ram<br>Shivin<br />
|Manikandan<br>Vikraman<br />
|Shivin<br>Nandhini<br />
|Azeem, Nandhini<br>(to evict)<br>Kathiravan<br>(to Save)<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:#ccc" |''No Nominations''<br />
| colspan="5" style="background:#ccc" |''No Nominations''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="23" style="background:#000;" |<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" |Vote to:<br />
! colspan="3" |Evict/Save (Task)<br />
! colspan="10" | Evict<br />
! Evict/Save (Task)<br />
!Evict<br />
!Task<br />
!Evict<br />
!Cash Prize<br />
Eviction 1<br />
!Cash Prize<br />
Eviction 2<br />
!colspan="2"| Win<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="23" style="background:#000;" |<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Azeem<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
| style="background:#959FFD" | Shivin<br>Vikraman<br />
|Maheshwari<br>Ayesha<br />
|Maheshwari<br>Shivin <br />
|Maheshwari<br>Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Nivaashini<br>Ayesha<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Ram<br />
|style="background:#cfc;" |''House<br>Captain''<br />
|Ayesha<br>Janany<br />
|Rachitha<br>Janany<br />
|Shivin<br>Rachitha<br />
|Shivin<br>(to evict)<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|style="background:red" |''Lost Ticket to Finale Task''<br>(Nominated)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |ADK<br>Myna<br />
|style="background:#ff6766;" |''Rejected Eviction''<br />
|style="background:#ff6766;" |''Rejected Eviction''<br />
|style="background:#959FFD;" |''Finalist''<br />
| style="background:#73FB76;" |'''''Winner'''''<br>(Day 105)<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Vikraman<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Sherina<br>Kathirravan<br />
|Azeem<br>Maheshwari<br />
|Sherina<br>Kathirravan <br />
|Ayesha<br>Rachitha<br />
|style="background:#FBF373;" |Robert<br>Kathiravan<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Robert<br />
|Queency<br>Rachitha<br />
|Azeem<br>Ayesha<br />
|Manikandan<br>Kathirravan<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Kathirravan<br />
|Manikandan, Azeem, Nandhini<br>(to evict)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
|style="background:red" |''Lost Ticket to Finale Task''<br>(Nominated)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |Azeem<br>Kathirravan<br />
|style="background:#ff6766;" |''Rejected Eviction''<br />
|style="background:#ff6766;" |''Rejected Eviction''<br />
|style="background:#959FFD;" |''Finalist''<br />
| style="background:#D1E8EF;" |'''''{{nowrap|1st Runner-Up}}'''''<br />(Day 105)<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Green" |<br />
!Shivin<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Adk<br>Janany<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |Azeem<br>Maheshwari<br />
|Maheshwari<br>Azeem <br />
|Maheshwari<br>Azeem<br />
|Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Queency<br>Janany<br />
|Azeem<br>Janany<br />
|Azeem<br>Manikandan<br />
|Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Azeem, ADK<br>(to evict)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
|style="background:red" |''Lost Ticket to Finale Task''<br>(Nominated)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |Azeem<br>ADK<br />
|style="background:#ff6766;" |''Rejected Eviction''<br />
|style="background:#ff6766;" |''Rejected Eviction''<br />
|style="background:#959FFD;" | ''Finalist''<br />
|style="background:#7FFFD4;"|'''''{{nowrap|2nd Runner-Up}}'''''<br>(Day 105)<br />
|-<br />
|! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Nandhini<br />
| colspan="3" bgcolor=beige| ''Not In House''<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" | Vikraman<br>Queency<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |Maheshwari<br>Azeem<br />
|Azeem<br>Ayesha <br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |''House<br>Captain''<br />
|Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |''House<br>Captain''<br />
|Rachitha<br>Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Ayesha<br>Ram<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |''House<br>Captain''<br />
|Shivin<br>Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Azeem, Amudhavanan<br>(to evict)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
|style="background:red" |''Lost Ticket to Finale Task''<br>(Nominated)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |Azeem<br> Kathirravan<br />
|style="background:#ff6766;" |''Rejected Eviction''<br />
|style="background:#ff6766;" |''Rejected Eviction''<br />
|colspan="2" style="background:#FF8072" | ''Evicted <br>(Day 103)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Amudhavanan<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Vikraman<br>Shivin<br />
|style="background:#FBF373;" |Maheshwari<br>Adk<br />
|style="background:#FBF373;" |Ayesha<br>Azeem <br />
|Azeem<br>Adk<br />
|style="background:#FBF373;" |Dhanalakshmi<br>Ayesha<br />
|Adk<br>Ram<br />
|Kathiravan<br>Queency<br />
|Ayesha<br>Kathiravan<br />
|Manikandan<br>Rachitha<br />
|style="background:#FBF373;" |Nandhini<br>Dhanalakshmi<br />
|style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right bottom, #959FFD 50%, orange 50%);" |''House Captain Nominated''<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |''<s>Nominated</s>''<br />
|style="background:#FBF373;" |''Won Ticket to Finale Task''<br>(Saved)<br />
|style="background:#FBF373;" |Nandhini <br>ADK<br />
|style="background:#ff6766;" |''Rejected Eviction''<br />
|style="background:lightgreen;" |''Accepted Eviction''<br />
|colspan="2" style="background:#FF6347;" |''{{nowrap|Evicted With 11.75 Lakh<br/>(Day 103)}}''<br />
|- <br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Kathirravan<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Vikraman<br>Nivaashini<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |Azeem<br>Janany<br />
|Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi <br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Vikraman<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Shivin<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Amudhavanan<br />
|Janany<br>Manikanda<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Azeem<br />
|Janany<br>Azeem<br />
|Vikraman<br>Rachitha<br />
|ADK, Amudhavanan<br>(to evict)<br>Azeem<br>(to save)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
|style="background:red" |''Lost Ticket to Finale Task''<br>(Nominated)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |Shivin<br>Vikraman<br />
|style="background:lightgreen;" |''Accepted Eviction''<br />
|colspan="3" style="background:#FF6347;" |''{{nowrap|Evicted With 3 Lakh<br/>(Day 100)}}''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!ADK<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Shivin<br>Shanthi<br />
|Azeem<br>Ayesha<br />
|Azeem<br>Ayesha<br />
|Queency<br>Janany<br />
|Nivaashini<br>Queency<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Azeem<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Rachitha<br />
|Ayesha<br>Janany<br />
|Rachitha<br>Azeem<br />
|style="background:#FBF373;" |Dhanalakshmi<br>Shivin<br />
|Kathiravan<br>(to evict)<br>Azeem<br>(to save)<br />
|style="background-image: linear-gradient(to right bottom, #959FFD 50%, orange 50%);" |''House Captain Nominated''<br />
|style="background:red" |''Lost Ticket to Finale Task''<br>(Nominated)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |Shivin<br>Nandhini<br />
| colspan="4" style="background:#FF8072" | ''Evicted <br>(Day 98)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Rachitha<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Queency<br>Nivaashini<br />
|Azeem<br>Maheshwari<br />
|Azeem<br>Adk<br />
|Ayesha<br>Adk<br />
|style="background:#FBF373"|Queency<br>Adk<br />
|Manikandan<br>Robert<br />
|Nandhini <br>Queency<br />
|style="background:#FBF373"|Ram<br>Adk<br />
|Adk<br>Vikraman<br />
|Azeem<br>Kathiravan<br />
|Azeem, ADK<br>(to evict)<br>Shivin<br>(to save)<br />
|style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
|style="background:red" |''Lost Ticket to Finale Task''<br>(Nominated)<br />
| colspan="5" style="background:#FF8072" | ''Evicted <br>(Day 91)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Manikandan<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Robert<br>Vikraman<br />
|style="background:#FBF373;" |Rachitha<br>Maheshwari<br />
|style="background:#cfc;" |''House<br>Captain''<br />
|Ayesha<br>Vikraman<br />
|style="background:#cfc;" |''House<br>Captain'' <br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Kathirravan<br />
|Rachitha<br>Janany<br />
|style="background:#cfc;" |''House<br>Captain''<br />
|Vikraman<br>Azeem<br />
|style="background:#cfc;" |''House<br>Captain''<br />
|Vikraman, Shivin<br>(to evict)<br>Azeem<br>(to save)<br />
| colspan="7" style="background:#FF8072" | ''Evicted <br>(Day 84)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Green" |<br />
!Dhanalakshmi<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
| style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
| style="background:#959FFD" | Rachitha<br>Asal<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |Asal<br>Adk<br />
|Ayesha<br>Adk<br />
|Ram<br>Vikraman<br />
|Queency<br>Azeem<br />
|Azeem<br>Manikandan<br />
|Queency<br>Kathirravan<br />
|style="background:#FBF373"|Adk<br>Ram<br />
|Adk<br>Vikraman<br />
|Vikraman<br>Rachitha<br />
|colspan="8"style="background:#FF8072" | ''Evicted <br>(Day 77)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Janany <br />
| style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Shivin<br>Nivaashini<br />
|Ayesha<br>Azeem<br />
|Kathirravan<br>Sherina <br />
|Adk<br>Nivaashini<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Nivaashini<br />
|Manikandan<br>Kathirravan<br />
|Nandhini<br>Shivin<br />
|Ayesha<br>Kathirravan<br />
|Adk<br>Rachitha<br />
|colspan="9"style="background:#FF8072" | ''Evicted <br>(Day 70)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Ayesha<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
| style="background:#959FFD;" |''Nominated''<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Vikraman<br>Shivin<br />
|Azeem<br>Asal<br />
|Azeem<br>Kathirravan<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Robert<br />
|Janany<br>Robert<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Manikandan<br />
|Nandhini<br>Rachitha<br />
|Vikraman<br>Azeem<br />
| colspan="10" style="background:#FF8072" |''Evicted <br>(Day 63)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Ram<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
| style="background:#959FFD" |Sheriina<br>Shanthi<br />
|Ayesha<br>Sheriina<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |Myna<br>Kathirravan <br />
|Maheshwari<br>Ayesha<br />
|Nivaashini<br>Queency<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Azeem<br />
|Rachitha<br>Queency<br />
|Janany<br>Ayesha<br />
| colspan="10" style="background:#FF8072" |''Evicted <br>(Day 62)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Queency<br />
| style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Rachitha<br>Shanthi<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |''House<br>Captain''<br />
|Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi <br />
|Adk<br>Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Janany<br>Azeem<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Manikandan<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Rachitha<br />
| colspan="11" style="background:#FF8072" |''Evicted <br>(Day 56)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Robert<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Vikraman<br>Ayesha<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |Ayesha<br>Azeem<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |Azeem<br>Ayesha <br />
|Azeem<br>Ayesha<br />
|Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br />
|Azeem<br>Manikandan<br />
| colspan="12" style="background:#FF8072" |''Evicted <br>(Day 49)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Nivaashini<br />
| style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Shanthi<br>Ayesha<br />
| style="background:#FBF373;" |Azeem<br>Ayesha<br />
|Sheriina<br>Ayesha <br />
|Ram<br>Ayesha<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Kathiravan<br />
| colspan="13" style="background:#FF8072" |''Evicted <br>(Day 42)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Maheshwari<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
| style="background:#959FFD" |''Nominated''<br />
| style="background:#959FFD" | Vikraman<br>Shivin<br />
|Azeem<br>Asal<br />
|Vikraman<br>Azeem<br />
|Ram<br>Ayesha<br />
| colspan="14" style="background:#FF8072" |''Evicted <br>(Day 35)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Sheriina<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Vikraman<br>Shivin<br />
|Janany<br>Azeem<br />
|Rachitha<br>Vikraman <br />
| colspan="15" style="background:#FF8072" |''Evicted <br>(Day 28)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Asal<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Shivin<br>Vikraman<br />
|Ayesha<br>Maheshwari<br />
| colspan="16" style="background:#FF8072" |''Evicted <br>(Day 21)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:red" |<br />
!Shanthi<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
|Vikraman<br>Queency<br />
| colspan="17" style="background:#FF8072" |''Evicted <br>(Day 14)''<br />
|-<br />
! style="background:Red" |<br />
!Muthu<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#FBF373;" |''Saved''<br />
| style="background:#cfc;" |''House<br>Captain''<br />
| colspan="17" style="background:#fcf;" |''Walked <br>(Day 13)''<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="23" style="background:#000;" |<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" | Notes<br />
| colspan="3" |''[[#endnote 1|1]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 1|reason= }}, ''[[#endnote 2|2]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 2|reason= }}, ''[[#endnote 3|3]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 3|reason= }}'' <br />
|''[[#endnote 4|4]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 4|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 5|5]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 5|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 6|6]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 6|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 7|7]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 7|reason= }}''<br />
|''[[#endnote 8|8]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 8|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 9|9]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 9|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 10|10]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 10|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 11|11]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 11|reason= }}''<br />
|<br />
|''[[#endnote 12|12]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 12|reason= }}''<br />
|''[[#endnote 13|13]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 13|reason= }}''<br />
|<br />
|''[[#endnote 14|14]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 14|reason= }}'' <br />
|''[[#endnote 15|15]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 15|reason= }}''<br />
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|colspan="2"|''[[#endnote 17|17]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 17|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 18|18]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 18|reason= }}''<br />
|''[[#endnote 19|19]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 19|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 20|20]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 20|reason= }}''<br />
|''[[#endnote 21|21]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 21|reason= }}''<br />
|''[[#endnote 22|22]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 22|reason= }}''<br />
|colspan=2" |''[[#endnote 23|23]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 23|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 24|24]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 24|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 25|25]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 25|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 26|26]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 26|reason= }}'', ''[[#endnote 27|27]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-10-06|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=#endnote 27|reason= }}''<br />
|- style="background:#B2FFFF"<br />
! colspan="2" |Against Public Vote<br />
| colspan="3" |<s>Ayesha</s><br>Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br>Maheshwari<br>Ram<br><s>Janany</s><br><s>Nivaashini</s><br><s>Queency</s><br><s>Shanthi</s><br><s>Vikraman</s><br />
|Ayesha<br>Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br>Maheshwari<br>Nivaashini<br>Queency<br>Rachitha<br>Ram<br>Shanthi<br>Sheriina<br>Shivin<br>Vikraman<br />
|Adk<br>Asal<br>Ayesha<br>Azeem<br>Janany<br>Maheshwari<br>Rachitha<br />
|Ayesha<br>Azeem<br>Kathirravan<br>Sheriina<br>Vikraman<br />
|Adk<br>Ayesha<br>Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br>Maheshwari<br>Ram<br>Vikraman<br />
|Ayesha<br>Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br>Janany<br>Kathirravan<br>Nivaashini<br>Queency<br>Robert<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br>Kathirravan<br>Manikandan<br>Ram<br>Robert<br />
|Dhanalakshmi<br>Janany<br>Kathirravan<br>Nandhini<br>Queency<br>Rachitha<br>Shivin<br />
|Adk<br>Ayesha<br>Azeem<br>Janany<br>Kathirravan<br>Ram<br />
|Adk<br>Azeem<br>Janany<br>Manikandan<br>Rachitha<br>Vikraman<br />
|Azeem<br>Dhanalakshmi<br>Kathirravan<br>Nandhini<br>Rachitha<br>Shivin<br>Vikraman<br />
|Adk<br>Azeem<br>Amudhavanan<br>Kathirravan<br>Manikandan<br>Nandhini<br>Shivin<br>Vikraman<br />
|colspan="2"|Adk<br>Kathirravan<br>Nandhini<br>Rachitha<br>Shivin<br>Vikraman<br><s>Amudhavanan</s><br />
|Azeem<br>Adk<br>Kathirravan<br>Nandhini<br>Shivin<br>Vikraman<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Azeem<br>Kathirravan<br>Nandhini<br>Shivin<br>Vikraman<br />
|Amudhavanan<br>Azeem<br>Nandhini<br>Shivin<br>Vikraman<br />
|colspan="2"|'''Azeem<br>Shivin<br>Vikraman'''<br />
|- style="background:#fad1d0;" |<br />
! colspan="2" |Sent to BB Jail<br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#ccc" |''None''<br />
|'''Janany<br>Ram'''<br />
|'''Azeem<br>Shivin'''<br />
|'''Ram<br>Vikraman<br>Amudhavanan'''<br />
| colspan="1" style="background:#ccc" |''None''<br />
|'''Robert<br>Rachitha'''<br />
|'''Robert<br>Queency'''<br />
|colspan="12" style="background:#ccc" |''None''<br />
|-<br />
|- style="background:#fad1d0;" |<br />
! colspan="2" |Punishment for Worst Performers <br />
|colspan="9" style="background:#ccc" |''None''<br />
|'''Azeem<br>Nandhini'''<br />
|'''Vikraman<br>Shivin'''<br />
|'''Janany<br>Rachitha'''<br />
|colspan="9" style="background:#ccc" |''None''<br />
|-<br />
|- style="background:#fcf;" |<br />
! colspan="2" |Walked <br />
| colspan="3" style="background:#ccc" |''None''<br />
|'''Muthu'''<br />
| colspan="15" style="background:#ccc" |''None''<br />
| colspan="2" bgcolor=#ccc|''None''<br />
|-<br />
|- style="background:salmon;" |<br />
!rowspan="3" colspan="2" | Evicted<br />
|rowspan="3" colspan="3" style="background:#ccc" |''No<br>Eviction''<br />
|rowspan="3"|'''Shanthi'''<br />
|rowspan="3"| '''Asal'''<br />
|rowspan="3"|'''Sheriina'''<br />
|rowspan="3"|'''Maheshwari'''<br />
|rowspan="3"|'''Nivaashini'''<br />
|rowspan="3"|'''Robert'''<br />
|rowspan="3"|'''Queency'''<br />
|'''Ram'''<br />
|rowspan="3"|'''Janany'''<br />
|rowspan="3"|'''Dhanalakshmi'''<br />
|rowspan="3"|'''Manikandan'''<br />
|colspan="2" rowspan="3"|'''Rachitha''' <br />
|rowspan="3"|'''ADK'''<br />
| colspan="1" rowspan="2" bgcolor=#FF6347|'''Kathirravan'''<br />
|'''Nandhini'''<br />
| colspan="2" style="background:#7FFFD4;" |'''Shivin''' <br />
|-<br />
|style="background:salmon;" |'''Ayesha'''<br />
|style="background:#FF6347;" |'''Amudhavanan'''<br />
| style="background:#D1E8EF;" |'''Vikraman'''<br />
| style="background:#73FB76;" |'''Azeem'''<br />
|}<br />
</blockquote><br />
: {{Color box|Red|border=silver}} indicates Celebrity contestant<br />
: {{Color box|Green|border=silver}} indicates Commoner contestant<br />
: {{Color box|#cfc|border=silver}} indicates the House Captain<br />
: {{Color box|#C2DFFF|border=silver}} indicates the Nominees for House Captaincy<br />
: {{Color box|#959FFD|border=silver}} indicates that the Housemate was directly nominated for eviction prior to the regular nominations process<br />
: {{color box|#87CEFA|border=silver}} indicates that the housemate went to secret room<br />
: {{Color box|#FBF373|border=silver}} indicates that the Housemate was granted immunity from nominations<br />
: {{Color box|#fad1d0|border=silver}} indicates the contestant has been sent to the Bigg Boss Jail as a punishment<br />
: {{Color box|#73FB76|border=silver}} indicates the winner<br />
: {{Color box|#D1E8EF|border=silver}} indicates the first runner up<br />
: {{Color box|#7FFFD4|border=silver}} indicates the second runner up<br />
: {{Color box|#DDA0DD|border=silver}} indicates the third runner up<br />
: {{Color box|#fcf|border=silver}} indicates the contestant has been walked out of the show<br />
: {{Color box|salmon|border=silver}} indicates the contestant has been evicted<br />
: {{color box|#FF6347|border=silver}} indicates the housemate evicted themselve after accepting a cash prize eviction .<br />
<br />
=== Notes ===<br />
<br />
* {{note|1|Note 1}}: Janany, Nivaashini, Queency and Vikraman were nominated as the 4 least interactive housemates on Launch Day, hence they are also directly nominated for Week 2 nomination process against public vote.<br />
* {{note|2|Note 2}}: Each club member had the power to swap a nominated housemate with a safe housemate on Day 3, Janany, Nivaashiyni and Queency were all swapped and became safe while Vikraman remained in the nomination list. After the swap Ayesha, Azeem, Ram and Vikraman were nominated for week 2 eviction.<br />
* {{note|3|Note 3}}: On day 4, Each club member had the power to make their finalized swap and make any changes to the nomination list. After the finalized swap Azeem, Dhanalakshmi, Maheshwari and Ram nominated for week 2 eviction. Ayesha and Vikraman was swapped and became safe.<br />
* {{note|4|Note 4}}: On Day 7, Nandhini entered the house as a wildcard contestant. She was thus immune from the Week 2 nomination process.<br />
* {{note|5|Note 5}}: Amudhavanan, Dhanalakshmi, Kathirravan, Nandhini, Nivaashiyni, Manikandan, Robert and Shivin entered nomination free zone in week 3 after successfully accomplishing a task in week 2. therefore they are saved from week 3 nomination process.<br />
* {{note|6|Note 6}}: Janany and Ram were sent to the Bigg Boss jail in week 2 as a punishment after being ranked in the bottom 2 category by the co housemates.<br />
* {{note|7|Note 7}}: GP Muthu wanted to see his son who was sick so he walked out from BiggBoss on Day 13.<br />
* {{note|8|Note 8}}: Since Shanthi was evicted on Day 14 (week 2) she was scrapped from the captaincy nomination. On suggestion from BiggBoss, she named Queency as her replacement.<br />
* {{note|9|Note 9}}: Queency won the week 3 captaincy task and was the second captain for the Bigg Boss house.<br />
* {{note|10|Note 10}}: Azeem and Shivin were sent to the Bigg Boss jail in week 3 as a punishment after being selected by all the housemates as the worst performers of the week.<br />
* {{note|11|Note 11}}: During NEEYUM BOMMAI NAANUM BOMMAI task, Amudhavanan, Ram and Robert manage to secure their dolls without getting eliminated, hence they were granted the power to avoid getting nominated for Week 4 nomination process.<br />
* {{note|12|Note 12}}: Amudhavanan and Manikandan where selected as best performers of the week and were saved from nomination. Dhanalakshmi's team won the Sweet Factory task and as a leader she was saved from nomination, however she got the option to select the best player in her team and she selected Rachitha. Hence Rachitha is also saved from nomination. And all four of them were selected for captaincy task.<br />
* {{note|13|Note 13}}: Dhanalakshmi was removed from captaincy task, instead it was given to Vikraman due to fair play in Sweet Factory task and Dhanalakshmi's team was disqualified by the Host.<br />
* {{note|14|Note 14}}: During BOGABIZZAVUM ALIENGALUM task, Dhanalakshmi and Rachitha had a lot of stone from their team respectively and were saved from Week 9 Nominations.<br />
* {{note|15|Note 15}}: There is a double eviction in 9th week. Ram was evicted on Day 62 and Ayesha was evicted on Day 63.<br />
* {{note|16|Note 16}}: During SHORTCUT task, Adk, Amudhavanan, Janany and Manikandan managed to secure their position as angels, hence they were granted the power to avoid getting nominated for Week 11 nomination process, except Janany was evicted on Day 70.<br />
* {{note|17|Note 17}}: In Week 13 Ticket to finale task commenced.<br />
* {{note|18|Note 18}}: Since Amudhavanan won the ticket to finale task he was immediately removed from Week 13 nomination list and making him the 1st finalist of the season.<br />
* {{note|19|Note 19}}: All housemates besides Amudhavanan (finalist) was nominated for eviction process since it was the semi-final week.<br />
* {{note|20|Note 20}}: ADK was the final housemate evicted by facing public vote for the season.<br />
* {{note|21|Note 21}}: On Day 100, Kathirravan accepted the cash prize eviction and left the Bigg Boss house.<br />
* {{note|22|Note 22}}: On Day 103, Amudhavanan accepted the cash prize eviction and left the Bigg Boss house.Nandini Evicted on Day 103<br />
* {{note|23|Note 23}}: Azeem, Shivin and Vikraman became the top three finalist of the season<br />
* {{note|24|Note 24}}: On Day 103, Nandhini was evicted during mid-week eviction.<br />
<br />
==Nominations faced==<br />
In the order of total number of nominations faced:-<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; line-height:20px; width:auto;"<br />
! scope="col" |Number<br />
! scope="col" |Contestant<br />
! scope="col" |Total<br />
! scope="col" |Final Position<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Azeem'''<br />
|10<br />
|{{won|Winner}}<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Kathirravan'''<br />
|10<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 6th position<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Vikraman'''<br />
|8<br />
|{{runner-up|1st Runner-Up}}<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
| style="text-align:left" |'''ADK'''<br />
|7<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 7th position<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Dhanalakshmi'''<br />
|7<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 10th position<br />
|- <br />
|6<br />
| style="text-align:left" |'''Ayesha'''<br />
|6<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 12th position<br />
|- <br />
|7<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Shivin'''<br />
|6 <br />
| style="background:#7FFFD4; text-align:center" |2nd Runner-Up <br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Nandhini'''<br />
|6<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 4th position<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Rachitha'''<br />
|6<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 8th position<br />
|-<br />
<br />
<br />
|10<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Janany'''<br />
|5<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 11th position<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Ram'''<br />
|5<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 13th position<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
| style="text-align: left;" |'''Maheshwari'''<br />
|4<br />
| style="background:salmon" |Evicted in 17th position<br />
|-<br />
<br />
<br />
|13<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Queency'''<br />
|3<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 14th position<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Manikandan'''<br />
|3<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 9th position<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Amudhavanan'''<br />
|2<br />
| style="background:salmon" |Evicted in 5th position<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
| style="text-align: left;" |'''Nivaashini'''<br />
|2<br />
| style="background:salmon" |Evicted in 16th position<br />
|-<br />
<br />
|17<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Robert'''<br />
|2<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 15th position<br />
|-<br />
<br />
<br />
|18<br />
|style="text-align:left" | '''Sheriina'''<br />
|2<br />
|style="background:salmon;"|Evicted in 18th position<br />
|-<br />
<br />
|19<br />
|style="text-align:left" | '''Shanthi'''<br />
|1<br />
|style="background:salmon;"|Evicted in 20th position<br />
|- <br />
|20<br />
| style="text-align:left" | '''Asal'''<br />
|1<br />
| style="background:salmon;" |Evicted in 19th position<br />
|-<br />
|21<br />
|style="text-align:left" | '''Muthu'''<br />
|0<br />
|style="background:#fcf;"|Walked in 21st position<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://www.hotstar.com/in/tv/bigg-boss/14455 Official Website] at [[Hotstar]]<br />
<br />
{{Bigg Boss (Tamil TV series)}}<br />
{{STAR Vijay TV shows}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Bigg Boss (Tamil TV series) seasons]]<br />
[[Category:2022 Tamil-language television seasons]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language reality television series]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language game shows]]<br />
[[Category:Star Vijay original programming]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language television shows]]<br />
[[Category:2023 Tamil-language television series endings]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malela_Jeev&diff=515422Malela Jeev2026-02-02T12:23:47Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: new new page</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|1941 Gujarati novel by Pannalal Patel}}<br />
{{Infobox book<br />
| name = Malela Jeev<br />
| image = Malela Jiv Cover page.jpeg<br />
| image_size = <br />
| caption = Cover page<br />
| author = [[Pannalal Patel]] <br />
| title_orig = મળેલા જીવ<br />
| orig_lang_code = gu<br />
| translator = Rajesh I. Patel<br />
| cover_artist = <br />
| country = [[India]]<br />
| language = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]<br />
| release_number = <br />
| subject = [[Tragedy|Romantic tragedy]]<br />
| genre = [[Novel]]<br />
| set_in = [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]]<br />
| publisher = Sanjeevani<br />
| publisher2 = <br />
| pub_date = 1941 (20th ed. in 2014)<br />
| english_pub_date = 2014<br />
| published = <br />
| media_type = Print (Paperback & Hardcover)<br />
| pages = 272 (Gujarati ed. 2014)<br />
| awards = <br />
| isbn = 978-93-80126-00-5<br />
| isbn_note = <br />
| oclc = 21052377<br />
| dewey = 891.473<br />
| congress = PK1859.P28 M3<br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| native_wikisource = <br />
| wikisource = <br />
| notes =<br />
| exclude_cover = <br />
| website =<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Malela Jeev''''' ({{langx|gu|મળેલા જીવ}}; English: The United Souls) is a [[Gujarati language]] [[romance novel]] written by [[Pannalal Patel]].<ref name="Kapoor2002">{{cite book|author=Subodh Kapoor|title=The Indian Encyclopaedia: Gautami Ganga -Himmat Bahadur|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nt4nbp1VIhsC&pg=PA2718|access-date=8 December 2016|volume=9|year=2002|publisher=Cosmo Publications|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-7755-266-9|page=2718}}</ref> Alongside ''[[Manvini Bhavai]],'' it is one of Patel's two most widely acclaimed novels. It is a [[Tragedy|romantic tragedy]] of Kanji and Jivi, born in different [[caste]]s. It follows the troubles they face in their love story.<ref name=pp>{{cite thesis |last=Patel |first= Rajesh I.|date= 12 May 2011|title= Translation of Pannalal Patel's "Malela Jeev" from Gujarati into English with critical introduction|chapter=Chapter 2|hdl= 10603/3222|institution=Department of English & Comparative Literary Studies, Saurashtra University|place=Rajkot}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Origin ==<br />
Gujarati writer-editor, [[Jhaverchand Meghani]], had asked Pannalal Patel to write a story for ''[[Phulchhab]]'', a Gujarati daily. Patel then wrote ''Malela Jeev'' in 24 days and it was serialised in the daily ''Phulchhab''. It was later published as a book in 1941.<ref name=ho>{{cite book |last=Patel |first=Pannalal |year=2016 |title=Malela Jeev |location=Ahmedabad |publisher=Sanjeevani Publication |isbn=978-93-80126-00-5}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Characters ==<br />
* Kanji - a gentleman boy, born in a [[Patel]] family.<br />
* Jivi - a beautiful woman, born in a [[Nai (caste)|barber]] family.<br />
* Hiro - Kanji's friend<br />
* Dhulo - a barber, who lives in Kanji's village.<br />
<br />
== Plot==<br />
[[File:Kaleshwari Art Fair.jpg|thumb|The [[Kaleshwari Group of Monuments|Kaleshwari Fair]] mentioned in the novel, where Kanji and Jivi first met]]<br />
<br />
Kanji and Jivi live in Jogipara and Udharia villages near [[Idar, Gujarat|Idar]] and they belong to different [[caste]]s. They met each other at the [[Krishna Janmashtami|Janmashtami]] [[fair]] and fell in love. They were unable to marry due to coming from different castes. Kanji also has the social responsibility of his elder brother's family. But he finds it difficult to live without Jivi. His friend Hiro suggests having Jivi marry Dhula, the barber in their own village. After a great psychological struggle, Kanji agrees with Hira and get Jivi married to Dhula. But his plan does not bring the expected result. Dhula's suspicious nature, his tyranny, and his poor treatment of Jivi causes Kanji's plan to be unsuccessful. Kanji's God-fearing nature and his indecisive mental state also play a role in his failure. Kanji moves from the village to the city to keep himself away from Jivi. Jivi, meanwhile, is tired of the daily quarrels and beatings and tries to commit suicide. But, by mistake, her tyrannical husband Dhulo loses his life and she falls into an emotional imbalance, yearning for her beloved Kanji. In the end Kanji's worldly love transformed into a spiritual love, and so he comes from the city to be with Jivi.<ref name=pp/><ref name="gujjubhai 2012">{{cite web | author=gujjubhai | title=Malela Jeev Gujarati Natak | website=GujjuBhai | date=2012-09-10 | url=http://www.gujjubhai.in/malela-jeev-gujarati-natak/ | access-date=2016-12-08}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Reception==<br />
The books was well received by readers and critics. Meghani had written, "It is not only the story of Kanji and Jivi but also the story of all of us. It is the sensitive story of the entire society. And herein lies the aesthetic beauty of this novel."<ref name="Vadukut">{{cite web | last=Vadukut | first=God Save The Dork by Sidin | title=Kanji and Jivi - A Tragic Love Story | website=The India Club, Inc. | url=http://www.indiaclub.com/Kanji-and-Jivi--A-Tragic-Love-Story_p_382526.html | access-date=2016-12-07 | archive-date=2018-12-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226071954/http://www.indiaclub.com/Kanji-and-Jivi--A-Tragic-Love-Story_p_382526.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Chandrakant Topiwala]] has written, "It is writer's own local world set in local elements of village reality which is synonymous to the whole world at the level of motion of story elements and psychoanalysis." [[Tribhuvandas Luhar|Sundaram]] had said, "The story in its present form can serve as a representative of Gujarati literature in any [[Indian literature]] and, with some reservations, in [[world literature]]."<ref name="KCG">{{cite journal |last= Dodia|first= Sanjay|date= August–September 2012|title= 'મળેલા જીવ' નવલકથામાં ગ્રામચેતના|url=http://www.kcgjournal.org/humanity/issue3/sanjay.php |journal= Journal of Humanity|volume=1 |issue= 3|access-date=8 December 2016|language=gu|publisher= Knowledge Consortium of Gujarat, Department of Higher Education, Government of Gujarat| issn=2279-0233}}</ref><!---"ગ્રામીણ વાસ્તવમાં શુદ્ધ તળપદાં પરિબળો વચ્ચે વસ્તુવેગ અને મનોવિશ્લેષણની દ્વિવિધ ભૂમિકાએ સમગ્ર સંસારના પર્યાયરૂપ ધબકતો આ સ્થાનિક લોકસંસાર લેખકનો પોતીકો છે. સુન્દરમે સાચું કહ્યું છે : ‘અત્યારે આ કથા જેવી છે તેવી પણ હિન્દના કોઈ પણ સાહિત્યમાં અને થોડા સંકોચ સાથે દુનિયાના સાહિત્યમાં પણ ગુજરાતી કળાનું પ્રતિનિધિત્વ ધારી શકે તેવી બની છે.”’---> ''Malela Jeevni Samiksha'' is a criticism of it written by [[Labhshankar Thakar]] with [[Chinu Modi]] and [[Manhar Modi]].<ref name= "agsi">{{cite book|title=અર્વાચીન ગુજરાતી સાહિત્યનો ઈતિહાસ - આધુનિક અને અનુઆધુનિક યુગ (History of Modern Gujarati Literature – Modern and Postmodern Era)|first=Prasad|last=Brahmabhatt |publisher=Parshwa Publication|location=Ahmedabad|year=2010|pages=43–53|isbn=978-93-5108-247-7|language=gu}}</ref><br />
<br />
It has been reprinted several times; in 1944, 1947, 1950, 1956, 1960, 1962, 1967, 1969, 1973, 1977, 1984, 1986, 1991, 1993, 1998, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2014 and 2016.<ref name=ho/><br />
<br />
==Translation and adaptations==<br />
This novel has been translated into several Indian languages<ref name="Weightman1996">{{cite book|author=S. C. R. Weightman|title=Traveller's literary companion to the Indian sub-continent|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lEgOAQAAMAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Print Publ. Ltd|isbn=978-1-873047-30-9|page=209}}</ref> such as in Hindi, [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Kannada]] and as ''Kalasina Jeevithalu'' in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] by [[Vemuri Anjaneya Sarma]]. The novel was translated by Rajesh I. Patel into English as ''Kanji and Jivi: A Tragic Love Story'' in 2014 (Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi).<ref name=pp/><ref>{{cite book|title=Indian and Foreign Review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4FVDAAAAYAAJ|year=1985|publisher=Publications Division of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref> It was translated into Hindi as ''Jeevi'' in 1958 by Padmasingh Sharma.<ref name="IL1958">{{cite journal|title=Sahitya Akademi's New Releases in Hindi|journal=[[Indian Literature (journal)|Indian Literature]]|date=April–September 1958|volume=1|issue=2|jstor=23329282}} {{closed access}}</ref><br />
<br />
The novel has also been adapted into several films and plays. ''Ulajhan'' directed by N. R. Acharya was the first Gujarati film adaptation of the novel.<ref name="KCG"/> ''Malela Jeev'' (1956) is a [[Gujarati cinema|Gujarati film]] directed by [[Manhar Raskapur]]. It was scripted by the novelist himself.<ref name="RajadhyakshaWillemen2014">{{cite book|author1=Ashish Rajadhyaksha|author2=Paul Willemen|title=Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SLkABAAAQBAJ&pg=PT8|date=10 July 2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-94318-9|page=347}}</ref> ''[[Janumada Jodi]]'', the 1996 blockbuster [[Cinema of Karnataka|Kannada]] film, is based on ''Malela Jeev''.<ref name="Deccan Herald 2016">{{cite web | title=Biopic on former Karnataka CM Devaraj Urs soon | website=Deccan Herald | date=2016-12-07 | url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/550095/biopic-former-karnataka-cm-devaraj.html | access-date=2016-12-07}}</ref> It was also adopted into a play, directed by Nimesh Desai, into Gujarati.<ref name="gujjubhai 2012"/><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{Internet Archive|malelajiva0000pate}}<br />
* [http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/3222/9/09_chapter%203.pdf English translation of ''Malela Jeev'' by Rajesh I. Patel]<br />
* {{Google Books|id=AGVNAQAAIAAJ}} (Hindi translation)<br />
<br />
[[Category:1941 novels]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian novels]]<br />
[[Category:Indian romance novels]]<br />
[[Category:Tragedy novels]]<br />
[[Category:Gujarati-language novels]]<br />
[[Category:Third-person narrative novels]]<br />
[[Category:Novels set in Gujarat]]<br />
[[Category:Novels set in the 20th century]]<br />
[[Category:Books about the caste system in India]]<br />
[[Category:Novels first published in serial form]]<br />
[[Category:Indian novels adapted into films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian novels adapted into plays]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajyotsava_Awards_(2005)&diff=461496Rajyotsava Awards (2005)2026-01-30T12:46:11Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: cleanup citations additionally</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Awards given by the government of Karnataka, India}}<br />
{{context|date=July 2017}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox award<br />
| name = 2005 Rajyotsava Awards<br />
| date = 1 November 2005<br />
| location = [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]]<br />
| country = India<br />
| presenter = [[Government of Karnataka]]<br />
| host =<br />
| winner = <br />
| website =<br />
| previous = [[Rajyotsava Awards (2004)|2004]]<br />
| main = [[Rajyotsava Prashasti]]<br />
| next = [[Rajyotsava Awards (2006)|2006]]<br />
}}<br />
The list of Karnataka Rajyotsava Award recipients for the year 2005 is below.<ref>{{cite web|title=ರಾಜ್ಯೋತ್ಸವ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಪಟ್ಟಿ 1966 ರಿಂದ - 2015 ರವರೆಗೆ|url=http://siri.kannadasiri.co.in/kannadasiri/downloads/Rajothsava_List.pdf|website=Kannada Siri|accessdate=24 June 2017|archive-date=22 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322084457/http://siri.kannadasiri.co.in/kannadasiri/downloads/Rajothsava_List.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Prof Shivaprakash.JPG|upright|thumbnail|H. S. Shivaprakash]]<br />
<br />
[[File:Vidhyabhushana.jpg|upright|thumbnail|Vidyabhushana]]<br />
<br />
[[File:Vishweshwara Bhat.jpg|upright|thumbnail|Vishweshwar Bhat]]<br />
<br />
[[File:Sunil Joshi in 2013.jpg|upright|thumbnail|Sunil Joshi]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[File:Captain GR Gopinath - Flickr - Al Jazeera English.jpg|upright|thumbnail|G. R. Gopinath]]<br />
<br />
[[File:Suhas gopinath1 full-2.jpg|upright|thumbnail|Suhas Gopinath]]<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="width:73%"<br />
! scope="col" style="width:30%" | Recipient<br />
! scope="col" style="width:23%" | Field<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Vyasaraya Ballal]]<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | M. H. Krishnaiah<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Shashikala Veeraiahswamy<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Mallepuram G. Venkatesh<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | B. L. Venu<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[H. S. Shivaprakash]]<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Kotiganahalli Ramaiah]]<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Krishnamurthy Hanur<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Mahadevappa<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | B. N. Chandraiah<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Adyanda Cariappa<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Jaraganahalli Shivashankar<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Mehboob Kaiser<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Nallur Prasad<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Madhava Gudi]]<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Sangameshwar Gurava<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Shivananad Tharalagatti<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[R. Visweswaran]]<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Kurudi Venkannachar<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Sukanya Prabhakar<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Vidyabhushana]]<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | M. Kodandarama<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Lakshman Das<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | M. R. Satyanarayana<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | S. Somasundaram<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Puttur Narasimha Nayak]]<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Veeresh Madire<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Revathi Narasimhan<br />
|Dance<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Sudha Murty<br />
|Dance<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[R. Paramashivan]]<br />
|Theatre<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Ranganayakamma<br />
|Theatre<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Prema Badami<br />
|Theatre<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Ananda Ganiga<br />
|Theatre<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | G. N. Deshpande<br />
|Theatre<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | M. Sampangi<br />
|Theatre<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | S. Shamurthy<br />
|Theatre<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Lingadevaru Halemane<br />
|Theatre<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | T. R. Rajagopal<br />
|Theatre<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Mulki Chandrasekhara Suvarna<br />
|Fine Arts<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Khandoba<br />
|Fine Arts<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Devadas Dattaseth<br />
|Sculpture<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Pampanna Achar<br />
|Sculpture<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Shankaracharya<br />
|Sculpture<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | P. K. Rajashekhar<br />
|Folklore / Yakshagana<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Dr T B.Solabakkanavar<br />
|Folklore / Yakshagana<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | A. M. Halaiah<br />
|Folklore / Yakshagana<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Basavalingaiah Hiremath<br />
|Folklore / Yakshagana<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Thimmanna Ganesh Yaji<br />
|Folklore / Yakshagana<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Rani Machaiah<br />
|Folklore / Yakshagana<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | B. K. Ramanna<br />
|Folklore / Yakshagana<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Nallur Mariyappa Achar<br />
|Folklore / Yakshagana<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Vasanth Narayan Rannavare<br />
|Folklore / Yakshagana<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Mahadeva Swamy<br />
|Folklore / Yakshagana<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Vishweshwar Bhat]]<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | K. E. Eeshan<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Rajashekhar Koti<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Chidambara Chakravarthy Sheshachala<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Venkatesh<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Kanthachar<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Ramakrishna Upadhya<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Rajashekhar<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Garudanagiri Nagaraj<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | T. L. Prabhakar<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Sunil Joshi]]<br />
|Sports<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Neelamma Malligwad<br />
|Sports<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Sripathi Shankar Kanchanal<br />
|Sports<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | D. V. Prasad<br />
|Sports<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Pailwan Mukunda<br />
|Sports<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Murali<br />
|Sports<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[T. N. Seetharam]]<br />
|Cinema<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Rathnakar<br />
|Cinema<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Vaishali Kasaravalli]]<br />
|Cinema<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[S. V. Rajendra Singh Babu]]<br />
|Cinema<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Raheena Begum<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | B. C. Bommaiah<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | K. S. Nagesh<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | K. Anand<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Sathyan Puttur<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | C. B. Patil<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | C. B. Sattur<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | C. M. Gurumurthy<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | H. S. Chandrasekharaiah<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | B. N. Govindaraj<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Gopinath<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Jaali<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | G. S. Moodambadithaya<br />
|Education<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Gopal K. Kaadegoodi<br />
|Education<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | K. E. Radhakrishna<br />
|Education<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Abraham Ebenezer<br />
|Education<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Gunaala Kadamba<br />
|Education<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Mariyappa Paduvala Hippige<br />
|Education<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Chiranjeevi Singh<br />
|Administration<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | M. R. Prashanth<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Nirmala Gaonkar<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Jayadev<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Jayasheela Rao<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Mallanagowda Babagowda Patil<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | A. Radhakrishna Raju<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Shivaram Moga<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | J. D. Amaranatha Gowda<br />
|Overseas Kannadiga<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Chandrappa Reshme<br />
|Overseas Kannadiga<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Bhimanagowda Patil<br />
|Overseas Kannadiga<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Udayabhanu Kala Sangha<br />
|Institution<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Kannada Sangha,Pune<br />
|Institution<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Rashtriya Vidyalaya<br />
|Institution<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Sandesha<br />
|Institution<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Manonandana<br />
|Institution<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Anand Pandurangi<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | M. Mohan Alva<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | G. M. Vedeshwara<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Shankaranarayana Somayaji<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[G. R. Gopinath]]<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | H. G. Daddi<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Subraya Sharma<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Veenadhari<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | S. N. Chandrasekhar<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Nirmala Kesari<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Thotendra Swamiji<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | S. Raghuram<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | D. K. Chowta<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Gopal Shastry<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Venkanna Bommaiah Nayak<br />
|Freedom Struggle<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Syed Nazir Ahmed<br />
|Freedom Struggle<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Rajeshwari Bidar<br />
|Freedom Struggle<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Jerry Rao|Jayatheertha Rao]]<br />
|Information Technology<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | H. S. Mukunda<br />
|Science<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | S. D. Pingale<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Ramzan Darga<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Syed Khalilullah<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Dubai Kannada Sangha<br />
|Overseas / Institution<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | B. V. Nagaraj<br />
|Overseas Kannadiga<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Vidyamani Lingegowda<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Ramesh<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Mallikarjuna bin Sanganabasappa Biradar<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Uma Reddy<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | U. Krishna Sharma<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Vedamurthykatte Parameshwara Thimmanna Bhatta<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Gurufraddy<br />
|Sports<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | N. V. Bankapur<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Bhimeshwara Joshi<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Chandrakanth Khandoji<br />
|Drama<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | S. V. Srinivasa Rao<br />
|Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | D. V. Sudheendra<br />
|Cinema<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Sumathi Navale Hiremath<br />
|Drama<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Pailwan K. Chandrasekhar<br />
|Sports<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Prema Guledagudda<br />
|Drama<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Puttathimmaiah<br />
|Freedom Struggle<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Eshwar Nayak<br />
|Folklore<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | B. Shekharappa Huligri<br />
|Education<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Ramanagowda Hanumannagowda Jeevanagowdar<br />
|Folklore<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | K. M. Nagaraj<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Ruth Manorama]]<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Sudarshan Ballal<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | N. Rajiv Shetty<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | N. L. Cheluvaraj<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Chennappa Angadi<br />
|Folklore<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | N. Venkateshwaraiah<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | R. K. Jamadar<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Shanthaveera Swamiji<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Annapurna Sagar<br />
|Drama<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Bhaganna Madari<br />
|Folklore<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Tennis Krishna]]<br />
|Cinema<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Yediyoor Mudalagiri<br />
|Vachana Literature<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | H. V. Giriswamy<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | [[Suhas Gopinath]]<br />
|Information Technology<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Sheshanarayana<br />
|Others<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | H. R. Dasegowda<br />
|Freedom Struggle<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | S. Sridhar bin Shamanna<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Bisalalli Muddu<br />
|Overseas Kannadiga<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Pramod<br />
|Medicine<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Gopal Raju<br />
|Music<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | B. C. Geetha<br />
|Education<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Gemini R. Satyanarayana<br />
|Social Work<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Manohar Prasad<br />
|Journalism<br />
|-<br />
! scope="row" | Venkannachar<br />
|Sculpture<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Rajyotsava Award]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iraiyanar_Akapporul&diff=504668Iraiyanar Akapporul2026-01-25T23:56:02Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: created new stub</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Early mediaeval work on Tamil poetics}}{{Infobox book<br />
| image = Iraiyanar_Akapporul,_cover.png<br />
| author = Iraiyanar<br />
| pub_date = 400 CE<br />
}}<br />
[[File:MaduraiTempleLordShiva.JPG|thumb|300px|'''''Tamil legends say that the sixty verses that form the core of the Iraiyanar Akapporul were discovered beneath the altar of Chokkanathar in [[Madurai]]{{Italic title}}''''']]'''''Iraiyaṉār Akapporuḷ''''', or '''''Kaḷaviyal eṉṟa Iraiyaṉār Akapporuḷ''''', literally "Iraiyanar's treatise on the love-theme, called 'The study of stolen love{{'"}} ({{langx|ta|களவியல் என்ற இறையனார் அகப்பொருள்}}) is an early mediaeval work on Tamil [[poetics]], specifically, on the literary conventions associated with the [[Akam (poetry)|akam]] tradition of Tamil [[love]] poetry. The date of the work is uncertain, but it is generally taken to have been composed between the fifth and eighth centuries.<br />
<br />
The Akapporul consists of a set of sixty nūṟpās – terse [[epigram]]s written in [[Verse (poetry)|verse]] which codify rules – attributed to [[Iraiyanar]]. The received text of the accompanied by a long prose [[treatise]] on akam poetics attributed to [[Nakkiranar|Nakkiraṉār]], which is structured as a commentary on the nūṟpās, but significantly expands on them and introduces several new ideas. The work as a whole occupies an important place in the history of Tamil literature for several reasons. The poetical argument of the work, and in particular Nakkiranar's treatment of traditional love episodes as successive scenes in an unfolding drama, was extremely influential in the development of Tamil love poetry and poetics in the medieval and pre-colonial periods. Secondly. Nakkiranar's treatise is both the first major Tamil work to be written entirely in prose,<ref>{{Harvnb|Buck|Paramasivam|1997|pp=i, xiii}}</ref> and the first erudite textual commentary in Tamil, and as such stylistically shaped the development of the Tamil prose and commentarial traditions. Finally, the work also contains the oldest account of the [[Tamil Sangams|Sangam]] legend, which has played a significant role in modern Tamil consciousness.<br />
<br />
== Layers, authorship and dating ==<br />
The Iraiyanar Akapporul in its present form is a composite work, containing three distinct texts with different authors. These are sixty nūṟpās which constitute the core of the original Iraiyanar Akapporul, a long prose commentary on the nūṟpās, and a set of poems called the Pāṇṭikkōvai which are embedded within the commentary.<br />
<br />
=== The nūṟpās ===<br />
The original Iraiyanar Akapporul consisted of sixty brief verses – called nūṟpās – that, in total, contain 149 lines. The verses show a number of similarities with the poruḷatikāram section of the [[Tolkappiyam]] – an older manual on Tamil grammar, poetics and prosody – both in its vocabulary and the core concepts it discusses.<ref>{{Harvnb|Sivaraja Pillai|1932|pp=3, 222–224}}</ref> Takahashi suggests that this work was originally composed as a practical handbook for writing love poetry in accordance with the conventions of the akam tradition. The intent behind its composition, according to him, was to produce something that was more accessible and useful to poets than existing theoretical works on poetics, such as the poruḷatikāram.<br />
<br />
The author of the sixty verses is unknown. Nakkiranar's commentary states that the verses were found inscribed on three copper plates under the altar to Shiva in [[Madurai]], in the time of the Pandiyan king Ukkiraperuvaluti, who is also mentioned in the [[Akananuru]] as being the king who ordered its compilation. Nakkiranar says their author was [[Shiva]] himself, "the flame-hued lord of Alavayil in Madurai". Later sources, such as [[Ilampuranar]]'s commentary on the Tolkappiyam, name the author of the sixty nūṟpās as "Iraiyanar", which literally means "lord", but is also a common name of Shiva. Apart from this legend, there is no tradition or concrete evidence as to who their human author was. Zvelebil and Marr suggest that the author was a poet or grammarian, possibly called Iraiyanar, and that the text itself had probably been stored in the temple at Madurai under Shiva's altar, where it was rediscovered in the time of Ukkiraperuvaluti.<ref>{{Harvnb|Zvelebil|1973a|pp=112–113}}</ref> A poem in the [[Sangam anthology]] [[Kuruntokai]] is also attributed to Iraiyanar, and Marr goes on to suggest that the author of the nūṟpās may have been the same person as the author of that poem.<ref>{{Harvnb|Marr|1985|pp=3–4}}</ref><br />
<br />
The verses are also difficult to date. The commentary says that they were composed in the Sangam period, but the scholarly consensus is that they are from a later date. Takahashi and Zvelebil assign them to a period between the fifth and sixth centuries, on the basis that their relationship to the poruḷatikāram suggests that they were composed a few generations after the final redaction of the poruḷatikāram, which they date to the 4th–5th centuries. Marr takes the view that the similarities between the nūṟpās and the poruḷatikāram indicate that the two were broadly contemporaneous, and drew upon common poetic ideas and definitions.<ref name="Marr 1985 p=5">{{Harvnb|Marr|1985|p=5}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Nakkiranar's commentary ===<br />
The second component of the work is Nakkiranar's treatise on love poetics which, although structured as a commentary, is treated by modern scholars as an erudite work in its own right. It is several times the length of the verses themselves, running to over two hundred pages in Tamil. The treatise is written in the tone and style of a discourse of the type that might be heard at a literary academy. The commentary uses a number of rhetorical devices. Nakkiranar repeatedly poses hypothetical questions and objections, to which he presents answers and rebuttals which are directly addressed to the reader, as if the reader himself was the questioner. He also uses stories, anecdotes and legends to illustrate specific points, and draws extensively on the then-existing corpus of Tamil akam poetry to provide examples of the poetical techniques he discusses.<br />
<br />
The commentary says that it was written by Nakkiranar, son of Kanakkayanar. A number of traditions connect Nakkiranar with the Sangam age. The commentary itself claims to have been written in the Sangam age, and names Nakkiranar as one of the poets of the Third Sangam. Later legends recorded in the Tiruvilayadarpuranam say he was the president of the Third Sangam, and there are extant Sangam poems attributed to a poet by that name. The scholarly consensus, however, is that the commentary was written some centuries after the end of the Sangam period, on the basis that its language differs significantly in structure and vocabulary from that of Sangam literature, and that it cites verses which use a [[Meter (poetry)|metre]] – ''kattalaikkalitturai'' – not found in Sangam literature.<ref name="Marr 1985 p=5"/> Zvelebil suggests that the Nakkiranar who wrote this commentary may be the same as the composer of the [[Tirumurukarruppatai]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Zvelebil|1973a|p=120}}</ref><br />
<br />
The commentary records that it was transmitted orally for eight generations, until it was finally committed to writing by Nilakantanar of [[Musiri]], a tradition which Zvelebil and Marr find credible.<ref>{{Harvnb|Zvelebil|1973a|p=118}}, {{Harvnb|Marr|1985|p=5}}</ref> Early scholars, such as [[S. Vaiyapuri Pillai]], dated the commentary to a period as late as the 10th–12th century, on the basis that the author appeared to be familiar with the 10th-century [[Civakacintamani]]. Modern scholars, however, tend to view these as later interpolations into the text, and date the commentary itself to a period closer to the 8th century on the basis of its relationship with the Pāṇṭikkōvai. Zvelebil suggests that many of these may have been inserted by Nilakantanar of Musiri, who he suggests added an introduction and more modern quotations into the text when he wrote it down.<ref>{{harvnb|Zvelebil|1973b|pp=32–33}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== The Pāṇṭikkōvai ===<br />
The third component of the text is the Pāṇṭikkōvai, a work containing a series of related akam poems about the seventh century Pandiyan king, Nedumaran. Nakkiranar's commentary uses a number of verses from this poem to illustrate points he makes concerning the poetics of Tamil akam poetry – of the 379 quotations in the commentary, all but 50 are from the Pāṇṭikkōvai. The Pāṇṭikkōvai is believed to have had 400 [[quatrain]]s in its original form, 329 of which are preserved in Nakkiranar's commentary. The author of the Pāṇṭikkōvai is unknown; however, the poem is interesting in itself as one of the earliest literary works written in the form of a kōvai – a series of interlinked poems which became one of the mainstays of akam poetry in mediaeval Tamil literature.<br />
<br />
=== Modern editions and translations ===<br />
The text of the Akapporul is almost always printed together with the commentary of Nakkiranar, and the two are usually treated as a unity.<br />
<br />
The Akapporul was transmitted for several centuries in the form palm-leaf manuscripts. The first printed edition was prepared by [[C. W. Thamotharampillai|Damodaram Pillai]] in 1883. The first critical edition, based on a comparison of all manuscript copies that were then available, was prepared in 1939 by K.V. Govindaraja Mudaliyar and M.V. Venugopala Pillai. A second critical edition, which took into account a few additional manuscripts that came to light subsequently, was published by the Saiva Siddhantha Works Publishing Society in 1969.<br />
<br />
An English translation of the nūṟpās and commentary was published by Buck and Paramasivan in 1997. Eva Wilden, Jean-Luc Chevillard, Thomas Lehmann and Takanobu Takahashi, published their translation as ''An annotated translation of Kalaviyal ,alias Iraiyanar Akapporul'' in 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Individual Book Details |url=https://library.cict.in/semmozhi/individual_view.php?id=2744 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260125103910/https://library.cict.in/semmozhi/individual_view.php?id=2744 |archive-date=2026-01-25 |access-date=2026-01-25 |website=library.cict.in |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
In 2012 ''Ir̲aiyan̲ār Akapporuḷ : Text, Transliteration and Translations in English Verse and Prose'' was edit by V. Ramasamy was published by the [[Central Institute of Classical Tamil]] in Chennai.<br />
<br />
== Content ==<br />
[[File:2007 nymphaea lotus.jpg|thumb|The neytal theme – named for the white Indian waterlily, which symbolises the theme's content – deals with the sorrow of lovers due to separation]]<br />
[[File:Jasminum multiflorum 0001.jpg|thumb|The mullai theme – named for the jasmine flower – deals with the endurance of a lover waiting for the return of her beloved]]<br />
[[File:Strobilanths kunthiana.jpg|thumb|The kurinci theme – named for ''[[Strobilanthes kunthiana]]'' – deals with the clandestine union of lovers]]<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="1"<br />
|+ The ''marutam'' theme<br />
|-<br />
| '''Place''' || Agricultural tract, riverside town<br />
|-<br />
| '''Phase''' || Lovers' quarrels<br />
|-<br />
| '''Time''' || Hour before daybreak<br />
|-<br />
| '''Season''' || All [[Tamil calendar#Seasons|six seasons]]<br />
|-<br />
| '''Flower''' || [[Lagerstroemia speciosa|Marutam]] (Queen's flower), lotus, red waterlily<br />
|-<br />
| '''God''' || [[Indra|Ventan]]<br />
|-<br />
| '''Food''' || Red [[rice]], white rice<br />
|-<br />
| '''Animals''' || [[Water buffalo]], [[otter]]<br />
|-<br />
| '''Trees''' || [[Willow]], queen's flower<br />
|-<br />
| '''Birds''' || [[Waterfowl]], [[heron]]<br />
|-<br />
| '''Drums''' || Wedding-drum, harvest-drum<br />
|-<br />
| '''Activities''' || Harvesting, threshing and wedding rice<br />
|-<br />
| '''Music''' || Marutam [[pann]]<br />
|-<br />
| '''Water''' || Household [[Water well|wells]], [[reservoir]]s<br />
|}<br />
Iraiyanar Akapporul is concerned with setting out the literary conventions that govern Tamil love poetry of the ''akam'' tradition. The conventions, as such, are taken from the [[poetics]] of the [[Sangam period]]. Thus a poem is a poetical snapshot of one instant in a relationship. This snapshot provides a glimpse into the lives of the couple which is in love. In addition, each poem must consist of actual words spoken by one of the persons involved in the relationship, without any commentary by an omniscient narrator. Only certain characters may speak – the hero (talaivaṉ) and heroine (talaivi), a close male friend of the hero (tōḻaṉ) or a close female friend of the heroine (tōḻi), a mother or foster-mother, priests, courtesans, bards who mediate between a wife and husband, and a few other characters. The words spoken must also be addressed to a listener – the conventions of ''akam'' poetry did not permit [[soliloquy|soliloquies]]. However, the listener need not necessarily be the person to whom the words are seemingly addressed. A common device in akam poetry is to have words seemingly spoken to a friend, but actually intended for the speaker's lover, who the speaker knows is eavesdropping.<br />
<br />
The content of the poems is highly conventionalised. Each poem must belong to one of five [[tinai|tiṇai]]s, poetical modes or themes. Each mode consists of a complete [[Sangam landscape|poetical landscape]] – a definite time, place, season in which the poem is set – and background elements characteristic of that landscape – including flora and fauna, inhabitants, deities and social organisation – that provide imagery for poetic metaphors. The modes are associated with specific aspects of relationships, such as the first meeting, separation, quarrelling, pining and waiting. Each mode is named for the chief flower in the landscape with which it is associated. The table to the left gives an example of the various elements which the text associates with the mode ''marutam.''<br />
<br />
In [[Sangam literature]], the composition of such a poem describing an instant in a relationship was an end in itself. In the Iraiyanar Akapporul, however, its purpose is more complex. Each poem is an instant in a developing relationship, and is ordinarily preceded and followed by other poems that describe preceding and succeeding instants in the same relationship. The instants described by each poem must, therefore, also develop the plot, and the character of the persons who are the subject of the work. Thus the Iraiyanar Akapporul discusses the importance of the essential characteristics of the hero and heroine, and the tension between each of these characteristics and the love and desire of the couple for each other. Each of the moments described in successive poems, set in an appropriate tiṇai, moves this along, by describing how the couple react to each other in the context of specific situations.<br />
<br />
The text divides the evolution of a relationship into two phases, the phase of kaḷavu or "stolen" love, and the phase of kaṟpu or "chaste" love. Love is considered to be "stolen" before marriage, and "chaste" after marriage. A number of situations can occur within each phase. Within the phase of "stolen" love, for instance, situations that may exist include a night-time tryst (iravukkuṟi), a daytime tryst (pakaṟkuṟi), the friend urging the hero to marry the heroine (varaivu vēṭkai), the hero temporarily leaving the heroine to avoid gossip (oruvaḻittaṇattal), and so on. Similarly, within the phase of "chaste" love, situations that may arise include the newly-wed phase (kaṭimaṉai), the necessity to discharge duties (viṉai muṟṟal), separation so that the hero can earn money (poruṭpiṇi pirivu), and so on. Later texts, such as [[Akapporul Vilakkam]], discuss a third intermediate phase, that of the marriage itself, but Iraiyanar Akapporul does not treat this as being a separate phase, though it does deal with some of the situations that later texts classify under the phase of marriage. In his commentary on Iraiyanar's penultimate verse, Nakkiranar explains in detail how, by carefully choosing the situations, speakers and tiṇais, a series of episodes can be woven into a seamless narrative detailing the history of a relationship.<br />
<br />
== Context and influence ==<br />
=== Poetical context ===<br />
The treatise contains the oldest full-length exposition of poetical devices central to akam poetry, including the five tiṇais or [[Sangam landscapes|landscapes]] into which all love poems were classified, and the various kuṟṟus or speakers whose emotions and expression the poems sought to articulate. However, its principal purpose was not to clarify or explain the ancient akam tradition.<br />
<br />
At the time the work was written, a new class of work – called [[cirrilakkiyam|ciṟṟilakkiyam]], or "short literature" – was emerging in Tamil literature. Unlike the old akam tradition, which mainly focused on short poems dealing with a single, detached scene in the life of a pair of lovers, these works sought to depict a complete story. This was not in itself alien to Tamil literature, in that epics – [[perunkappiyam|peruṅkāppiyam]] in Tamil – such as the [[Cilappatikaram]] dealt with whole stories. Works of the ciṟṟilakkiyam tradition, however, sought to do so on a less grand scale, through longer series of related poems which described successive episodes that cumulatively chart the entire course of a relationship.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Harvnb|Buck|Paramasivam|1997|pp=xiv-xv}}</ref><br />
<br />
It is in relation to these that the text had its longest-lasting impact. By chronologically ordering the isolated moments which Tamil akam poetry, and describing how they fit into a serialised plot, the text – and in particular, Nakkiranar's commentary – related the emergent ciṟṟilakkiyam tradition to the ancient akam tradition, and thereby helped create a new approach to literature, on the basis on which a plethora of new literary forms developed in succeeding centuries.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> The [[kōvai|kovai]], in particular, came to dominate secular and religious akam poetry in the mediaeval period. The very last example of akam poetry, written before the tradition was suppressed by seventeenth century religious revivalism, is a 600-verse kōvai, composed by [[Kachchaiyappar Sivachariyar]] and embedded into his [[Tanikaippuranam]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Shulman|2005|p=384}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Stylistic influences ===<br />
Nakkiranar's commentary also created a basic template which all subsequent commentaries on Tamil texts followed. Each verse of the original text is followed by a commentary on that verse, which explains its content, and presents examples chosen from extant literature and where necessary quotes previous authors in support of the commentator's claims. Nakkiranar, for example, frequently quotes rules from the [[Tolkappiyam]], [[Akattiyam]] and other works on grammar and poetics to support his literary theories, and illustrates these theories by quoting from the Pāṇṭikkōvai, [[Cilappatikaram]] and [[Sangam literature|poetry of the Sangam age]], weaving all these into his prose commentary in a manner that highlights his points. In addition, the comments on the initial verses, and on the final one, present additional material dealing with general themes, which goes beyond a simple elucidation of the verses on which they comment. Thus Nakkiranar, in addition to simply commenting on Iraiyanar's verses, here outlines rules for the structure and content of a commentary, discusses the manner in which conventions regarding love-poetry should be presented, and sets out general observations on history.<ref>{{Harvnb|Buck|Paramasivam|1997|pp=x-xii}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Historical and social context ===<br />
The work, and in particular the commentary of Nakkiranar, reinterprets the Tamil akam tradition in the light of the Shaivite [[bhakti]] tradition, which was then sweeping through Tamil Nadu in a wave of Hindu revivalism. A commentary, in the Indian tradition, plays an important role in reinterpreting and reworking the applicability of a text or tradition in the context of changing historical or social circumstances.<ref>{{Harvnb|Monius|2000|p=19}}</ref> Nakkiranar's commentary thus plays the role of reclaiming the Tamil akam tradition – secular in appearance, and associated with Jainism – for the Tamil Shaivite tradition. This reappropriation had a significant effect on the Tamil bhakti tradition, whose poems, from the ninth century onwards, make extensive use of the conventions of the akam tradition, but in the context of describing the love of a devotee for God.<ref>{{Harvnb|Yocum|1973|pp=13–17}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Commentaries in Tamil literary tradition]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== Sources ==<br />
*{{Citation | last1=Buck | first1=David C. | last2=Paramasivam | first2=K. | title=The Study of Stolen Love: A translation of Kalaviyal enra Iraiyanar Akapporul with Commentary by Nakkiranar | publisher=Scholars Press | place=Atlanta | year=1997 | isbn=0-7885-0331-6}}<br />
*{{Citation | last=Marr | first=John Ralston | title=The Eight Anthologies | publisher=Institute of Asian Studies | place=Madras | year=1985}}<br />
*{{Citation | last=Monius | first=Anne | s2cid=140492963 | authorlink=Anne E. Monius|title= The many lives of Dandin: The Kavyadarsha in Sanskrit and Tamil | journal=[[International Journal of Hindu Studies]] | volume=4 | issue=1 | year=2000 | pages=1–37 | doi=10.1007/s11407-000-0001-x}}<br />
*{{Citation | last=Sivaraja Pillai | first=K. N. | title=The Chronology of the Early Tamils, based on the synchronistic tables of their kings, chieftains and poets appearing in the Sangam literature | publisher=University of Madras | place=Madras | year=1932}}<br />
*{{Citation | last=Shulman | first=David | s2cid=220783784 | editor-last=Subrahmanyam | editor-first=Sanjay | title=A Review Symposium: Literary Cultures in History | journal=Indian Economic and Social History Review | volume=42 | issue=3 | year=2005 | pages=377–408 | doi=10.1177/001946460504200304}}<br />
*{{Citation | last=Takahashi | first=Takanobu | title=Tamil Love Poetry and Poetics | publisher=E. J. Brill | place=Leiden | year=1995 | isbn=90-04-09352-4}}<br />
*{{Citation | last=Yocum | first=Glenn E. | title=Shrines, Shamanism, and Love Poetry: Elements in the Emergence of Popular Tamil Bhakti | journal=Journal of the American Academy of Religion | volume=41 | issue=1 | year=1973 | pages=3–17 | doi=10.1093/jaarel/XLI.1.3}}<br />
*{{Citation | last=Zvelebil | first=Kamil | s2cid=189777598 | author-link=Kamil Zvelebil | title=The Earliest Account of the Tamil Academies | journal=Indo-Iranian Journal | volume=15 | issue=2 | year=1973a | pages=109–135 | doi=10.1007/BF00157289}}<br />
*{{Citation | last=Zvelebil | first=Kamil | author-link=Kamil Zvelebil | title=The Smile of Murugan: On Tamil Literature of South India | publisher=E. J. Brill | place=Leiden | year=1973b | isbn=90-04-03591-5}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
*[http://www.tamilnation.org/literature/pmunicode/mp301.htm Full text] of the nūṟpās, together with an extract of the commentary on the first verse (in Tamil)<br />
<br />
{{Tamil language}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Tamil poetics]]<br />
[[Category:Literature about poetry]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil Hindu literature]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bidhan_Chandra_Roy&diff=470919Bidhan Chandra Roy2026-01-24T21:41:36Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: enhanced layout for clarity</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Chief Minister of West Bengal from 1950 to 1962}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2025}} <br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Bidhan Chandra Roy<br />
| native_name = <br />
| native_name_lang = bn<br />
| image = Photograph of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy, 2nd Chief Minister of West Bengal.jpg<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
| caption = <br />
| alt = Portrait of Bidhan Chandra Roy<br />
| order1 = 2nd<br />
| office1 = Premier of West Bengal<br />
| governor1 = [[Chakravarti Rajagopalachari]]<br /> [[Kailash Nath Katju]]<br />
| term_start1 = 23 January 1948<br />
| term_end1 = 25 January 1950<br />
| predecessor1 = [[Prafulla Chandra Ghosh]]<br />
| successor1 = ''Position abolished''<br /> (himself as [[Chief Minister of West Bengal]])<br />
| order2 = 1st<br />
| office2 = Chief Minister of West Bengal<br />
| governor2 = [[Kailash Nath Katju]]<br /> [[Harendra Coomar Mookerjee]]<br /> [[Phani Bhusan Chakravartti]] ''(acting)''<br /> [[Padmaja Naidu]]<br />
| term_start2 = 26 January 1950<br />
| term_end2 = 1 July 1962<br />
| predecessor2 = ''Office established''<br /> (himself as [[Premier of West Bengal]])<br />
| successor2 = [[Prafulla Chandra Sen]]<br />
| office3 = [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly|Member of West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]<br />
| term4 = May 1962 – 1 July 1962<br />
| constituency4 = [[Chowranghee (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chowranghee]]<br />
| predecessor4 = [[Bijoy Singh Nahar]]<br />
| successor4 = [[Siddhartha Shankar Ray]]<br />
| term3 = 1952–1962<br />
| constituency3 = [[Bowbazar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bowbazar]]<br />
| predecessor3 = ''Constituency established''<br />
| successor3 = [[Bijoy Singh Nahar]]<br />
| office5 = [[Mayors of Kolkata|5th Mayor of Kolkata]]<br />
| term_start5 = 5 April 1931<br />
| term_end5 = 9 April 1933<br />
| predecessor5 = [[Subhas Chandra Bose]]<br />
| successor5 = [[Santosh Kumar Basu]]<br />
| office6 = Member of [[Bengal Legislative Council]]{{br}}for [[Barrackpore]]<br />
| term6 = 1925 {{nbnd}} 1929<br />
| predecessor6 = [[Surendranath Banerjee]]<br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1882|7|1}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Patna]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]] (present-day [[Bihar]], India)<br />
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1962|7|1|1882|7|1}}<br />
| death_place = [[Calcutta]] (present-day [[Kolkata]]), [[West Bengal]], India<br />
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br />
| residence = [[Kolkata]], West Bengal, India<br />
| parents = <br />
| alma_mater = [[Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata]]<br/>[[St Bartholomew's Hospital]]<br />
| profession = {{hlist|Physician & Surgeon|Politician }}<br />
| awards = [[Bharat Ratna]] (1961)<br />
| signature = Signature of Bidhan Chandra Roy.svg<br />
| website = <br />
| footnotes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Bidhan Chandra Roy''' (1 July 1882 – 1 July 1962) was an Indian physician and politician who served as [[List of Chief Ministers of West Bengal|Chief Minister of West Bengal]] from 1950 until his death in 1962. He played a key role in the founding of several institutions and cities like [[Bidhannagar|Salt Lake]] (now a part of [[Bidhannagar Municipal Corporation]]),<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/back-to-the-beginning-on-the-50th-year-of-the-landfill-heres-the-story-of-how-salt-lake-came-into-being/cid/396434|work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]]|date=10 August 2012|title=Back to the beginning – On the 50th year of the landfill, here's the story of how Salt Lake came into being }}</ref> [[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani]], [[Durgapur]] and [[Ashoknagar Kalyangarh]].<br />
<br />
In India, the [[National Doctors' Day#India|National Doctors' Day]] is celebrated in his memory every year on 1 July. He was awarded the [[Bharat Ratna]], India's highest civilian honour in 1961.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/national-doctors-day-all-you-need-to-know-about-dr-bidhan-chandra-roy-10851091.html|work=Firstpost|date=1 July 2022|accessdate=1 July 2022|title=National Doctors' Day: All you need to know about Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Early life and education==<br />
[[File:Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy in 1911.jpg|thumb|180px|left|Bidhan Chandra Roy in 1911]]<br />
Bidhan Chandra Roy was born on 1 July 1882 to a [[Bengali Kayastha]] family in [[Bankipore]] in [[Patna]], where his father, Prakash Chandra Roy coming from a wealthy family of [[Satkhira]], [[Khulna]] district, [[Bengal Presidency]] (now in [[Bangladesh]]), was serving as an excise inspector. His mother, Aghorkamini Devi, was religious and a devoted social worker.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://evirtualguru.com/biography-of-bharat-ratna-dr-bidhan-chandra-roy-complete-biography-for-class-10-class-12-and-graduation-and-other-classes/|title=Biography of Bharat Ratna "Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy" complete biography for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.|date=1 February 2018|work=eVirtualGuru|access-date=1 September 2018}}</ref> Roy was the youngest of five siblings, with 2 sisters (Susharbashini and Sarojini) and 2 brothers(Subodh and Sadhan). His parents were ardent [[Brahmo Samaj]]ists.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/bitstream/1/20290/1/2851.pdf|title=Dr. B. C. Roy|last=Thomas|first=K.P.|publisher=Atulya Ghosh, West Bengal Pradesh Congress Committee|year=1955|location=Calcutta|access-date=1 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902011916/http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/bitstream/1/20290/1/2851.pdf|archive-date=2 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
Prakash Chandra was a descendant of the family of [[Pratapaditya|Maharaja Pradapaditya]], the rebel Hindu king of [[Jessore District|Jessore]], but did not inherit much wealth from his [[ancestor]]s. He earned a moderate salary for most part of Roy's childhood, but he and Aghorkamini supported the education and upbringing of both their own children and a number of other poor children, mostly orphans.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |author=Nandalal Bhattacharya |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0OeXw4AYVusC&pg=PA16 |title=''Karmajogi Bidhanchandra (Life of Bidhan Chandra Roy)'' |publisher=Grantha-tirtha |year=2004 |page=15 & 16 |language=Bengali}}</ref><br />
<br />
Roy left Patna in June 1901 to study at the [[Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata]]. While at medical school, he came upon an inscription which read, "Whatever thy hands findeth to do, do it with thy might."<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/remembering-dr-bidhan-chandra-roy-1021823-2017-07-01|title=Remembering Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy: Facts about the doctor who dedicated his life to the profession of medicine|website=India Today|date=1 July 2017}}</ref> These words became a lifelong source of inspiration for him.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/bidhan-chandra-roy.html|title=Bidhan Chandra Roy Biography – Bidhan Chandra Roy Childhood, Life, Profile, Timeline|website=www.iloveindia.com|access-date=25 August 2018|archive-date=25 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425031928/http://www.iloveindia.com/indian-heroes/bidhan-chandra-roy.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
Intending to enroll at [[St Bartholomew's Hospital]] to complete further studies in medicine, Roy left for Britain in February 1909 with {{INR}}1,200. The then dean of St. Bartholomew's Hospital was reluctant to accept an Asian student and rejected his application.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://greatrulers.com/books/dr-bidhan-chandra-roy--biography-and-life-history|title=Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy -Biography and Life History {{!}} Great Rulers|website=greatrulers.com|access-date=27 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828001729/https://greatrulers.com/books/dr-bidhan-chandra-roy--biography-and-life-history|archive-date=28 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Roy submitted several additional applications until the dean, after 30 admission requests, admitted him.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thewire.in/culture/when-indias-national-doctor-was-denied-service-by-an-american-restaurant|title=When India's 'National Doctor' Was Denied Service By an American Restaurant|website=The Wire|access-date=28 August 2018}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
[[File:Dr._Bidhan_Chandra_Roy_in_1943.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Roy in 1943]]<br />
Upon returning to India, Roy joined the '''Provincial Health Service'''. In addition to a private practice, he served as a nurse when necessary. He taught at the [[Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata]] and later at the [[Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital|Campbell Medical School]] (now [[NRS Medical College]]) and the [[R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital|Carmichael Medical College]]<ref name=":0" /> (now [[R. G. Kar Medical College]]). He served as the first president of '''Cardiological Society of India''' from 1948 to 1950.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Past President – CSI |url=https://csi.org.in/presidents?page=1 |access-date=28 November 2022 |website=csi.org.in}}</ref><br />
<br />
Roy believed that [[swaraj]] (the call to action for India's freedom) would remain a dream unless the people were healthy and strong in mind and body. He made contributions to the organisation of medical education. He played an important role in the establishment of the Jadavpur T.B. Hospital, Chittaranjan Seva Sadan, [[Kamla Nehru Memorial Hospital|Kamala Nehru Memorial Hospital]], [[Victoria Institution (College)]], and [[Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute|Chittaranjan Cancer Hospital]]. In 1926, the Chittaranjan Seva Sadan for women and children was opened by Roy.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|url=https://www.thoughtoftheday98.com/2021/07/dr-bidhan-chandra-roy-biography.html|title=''Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy Biography: डॉ. बिधान चंद्र राय जीवन परिचय''|language=Hindi|author=Sumit Kumar|publisher=Sumit-Kumar|year=2021}}</ref><br />
<br />
Roy was also [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s personal doctor and friend.<br />
<br />
In 1925, Roy ran for elections from the [[Barrackpore]] constituency as an independent candidate for the [[British Bengal Legislative Council|Bengal Legislative Council]] and defeated the "Grand Old Man of Bengal", [[Surendranath Banerjee]]. Though an independent, he voted with the [[Swaraj Party]] (the Parliamentary wing of the [[Congress party]] in the 1920s). As early as 1925, Roy tabled a resolution recommending a study of the causes of pollution in [[Hooghly River|Hooghly]] and suggested measures to prevent pollution in the future.<ref name=":3" /><br />
<br />
Roy was elected to the [[All India Congress Committee]] in 1928. Roy conducted [[Civil disobedience movement|Civil Disobedience]] in Bengal in 1929 and prompted [[Pandit Motilal Nehru]] to nominate him as a member of the [[Congress Working Committee]] (CWC) in 1930. The CWC was declared an unlawful assembly and Roy along with other members of the committee were arrested on 26 August 1930 and detained at [[Alipore Jail|Alipore Central Jail]].<br />
<br />
During the [[Salt March|Dandi March]] in 1931, many members of the [[Calcutta Corporation]] were imprisoned. Congress requested Roy to remain out of prison and discharge the duties of the Corporation. He served as the [[Alderman]] of the Corporation from 1930 to 1931 and as the [[Mayor of Calcutta]] from 1931 to 1933. Under him, the Corporation expanded schemes for free education, free medical aid, improved roads and lighting, and water supply. He set up a framework for dispensing grant-in-aid to hospitals and charitable [[dispensaries]].<ref name=":3" /><br />
<br />
In 1942, [[Rangoon]] fell to the Japanese bombing and caused an exodus from Calcutta fearing a Japanese invasion. Roy, then serving as the Vice-Chancellor of the [[University of Calcutta]], acquired air-raid shelters for schools and college students to have their classes in, and provided relief for students, teachers and employees alike.<br />
<br />
==Chief Minister of West Bengal==<br />
The Congress Party proposed Roy's name for Premier of West Bengal. Although Roy sought to continue with his profession, he accepted the position and took office on 23 January 1948 upon Gandhi's advice. Bengal at the time had been torn by [[communal violence]], shortage of food, unemployment and a large flow of [[refugee]]s in the wake of the creation of [[East Pakistan]]. In an address to the people of West Bengal, Roy said:<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=30 June 2016 |title=Bengal's physician chief minister – The Statesman |work=The Statesman |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/opinion/bengal-s-physician-chief-minister-151414.html |access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{blockquote|We have the ability and if, with faith in our future, we exert ourselves with determination, nothing, I am sure, no obstacles, however formidable or insurmountable they may appear at present, can stop our progress... (if we) all work unitedly, keeping our vision clear and with a firm grasp of our problems.}}<br />
<br />
On 26 January 1950, Roy took oath as the first Chief Minister of West Bengal in [[Independent India]]. Under his leadership, the Congress party won the legislative assembly elections in West Bengal in [[1952 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1952]] and [[1957 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1957]].<br />
<br />
The 22-member Sarkar Committee, headed by industrialist [[Nalini Ranjan Sarkar]], recommended the formation of technical institutions for higher education in India. Roy successfully petitioned then Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] to setup the first institute in West Bengal, on the grounds that the state had the highest concentration of industries at that time. The Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur was thus established in May 1950, with Roy serving as the first chairman of the board of Governors.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 October 2024 |title=About IIT Kharagpur |url=https://www.iitkgp.ac.in/about-iitkgp-history |access-date=15 October 2024 |website=IIT Kharagpur}}</ref><br />
<br />
He was credited for the development of cities like [[Bidhannagar]], [[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani]], and [[Durgapur]], which were crucial for the growth of [[Economy of West Bengal|West Bengal's economy]] at a time when it was ravaged by the ill consequences of [[Partition of India|partition]].<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><br />
<br />
==Death==<br />
Bidhan Chandra Roy died on 1 July 1962, coincidentally on his 80th birthday. His house was later converted into a nursing home named after his mother, Aghorkamini Devi. He had also constituted a trust for his properties at [[Patna]] to carry out social service, with eminent nationalist [[Ganga Sharan Singh (Sinha)]] being its first trustee.<ref>{{cite book|title=Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Correspondence and Select Documents: 1934–1937|last=Choudhary|first=Valmiki|publisher=Allied Publishers|year=1984|isbn=978-81-7023-002-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/drrajendraprasad0000pras/page/133 133]|url=https://archive.org/details/drrajendraprasad0000pras/page/133}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Legacy==<br />
[[File:Dr._Bidhan_Chandra_Roy_statue.jpg|thumb|150px|Bidhan Chandra Roy statue in [[Bidhannagar|Salt Lake City]]]]<br />
[[File:Bidhan Chandra Roy 1982 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|150px|A commemorative post stamp of Dr. Roy, published by [[India Post]].]]<br />
[[File:Statue of Dr. B. C. Roy.jpg|thumb|150px|Statue of Dr. B. C. Roy in [[Howrah]] city]]<br />
[[File:Bust of Bidhan Chandra Roy in Kolkata.jpg|thumb|150px|Bust of Roy at Bidhan Shishu Udyan in [[Ultadanga]]]]<br />
The Indian Government honoured Roy with the [[Bharat Ratna]] on 4 February 1961.<br />
<br />
The [[Dr. B. C. Roy Award|B.C. Roy National Award]] was instituted in 1962<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mciindia.org/CMS/awards/dr-b-c-roy-award|title=Dr. B.C. Roy Award {{!}} MCI India|website=www.mciindia.org|access-date=28 August 2018|archive-date=28 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828071416/https://www.mciindia.org/CMS/awards/dr-b-c-roy-award|url-status=dead}}</ref> in his memory and has been awarded annually since 1976. The award recognises excellent contributions in the areas of medicine, politics, science, philosophy, literature and arts. The Dr. B. C. Roy Memorial Library and Reading Room for Children in the Children's Book Trust, New Delhi, was opened in 1967. Today, his private papers are part of the Archives at the [[Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]], at [[Teen Murti House]], Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nehrumemorial.nic.in/en/archives.html|title=Archives|last=NMML|website=www.nehrumemorial.nic.in|access-date=26 August 2018|archive-date=26 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726224938/http://www.nehrumemorial.nic.in/en/archives.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailyrounds.org/rounds/indias-iconic-doctor-dr-bidhan-chandra-roy|title=India's Iconic Doctor: Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy{{!}} DailyRounds|website=www.dailyrounds.org|access-date=26 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214416/https://www.dailyrounds.org/rounds/indias-iconic-doctor-dr-bidhan-chandra-roy|archive-date=26 August 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
India celebrates National Doctors' Day on 1 July every year to honour his birthday and deathday.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Pakrasi |first=Susmita |date=30 June 2021 |title=National Doctors' Day on July |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/national-doctors-day-on-july-1-history-and-significance-101625011035886.html |access-date=15 October 2024 |website=The Hindustan Times}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== In Bollywood ===<br />
In the superhit movie [[Bawarchi]], [[Rajesh Khanna]] who played the role of protagonist Raghu, is talented traditional Indian cook who is surprisingly a philosopher, singer, composer, [[dance instructor]] and mathematician. In the movie, Raghu speaks to have attained these skills and traits through working with different Indian public figures including Bidhan Chandra Roy to name a few.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[B.C. Roy Trophy]]<br />
*[[Bidhannagar]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
{{commons category|Bidhan Chandra Roy}}<br />
{{Wikiquote}}<br />
{{s-start}}<br />
{{s-off}}<br />
{{succession box |<br />
before=[[Prafulla Chandra Ghosh]]|<br />
title=[[Chief Minister of West Bengal]]|<br />
years=1948–1962|<br />
after=[[President's Rule]]<br />
}}<br />
{{s-end}}<br />
{{Indian National Congress}}<br />
{{Chief Ministers of West Bengal}}<br />
{{Indian independence movement}}<br />
{{Bharat Ratna}}<br />
{{University of Calcutta Vice chancellors}}<br />
{{West Bengal Legislative Assembly4}}<br />
{{West Bengal Legislative Assembly2}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Roy, Bidhan Chandra}}<br />
[[Category:1882 births]]<br />
[[Category:1962 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali Hindus]]<br />
[[Category:Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata alumni]]<br />
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Calcutta]]<br />
[[Category:Indian city founders]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the Bharat Ratna]]<br />
[[Category:Brahmos]]<br />
[[Category:Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata]]<br />
[[Category:Chief ministers of West Bengal]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian medical doctors]]<br />
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from West Bengal]]<br />
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Bengal]]<br />
[[Category:Politicians from Kolkata]]<br />
[[Category:People from Patna district]]<br />
[[Category:Vice-chancellors of the University of Calcutta]]<br />
[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of British India]]<br />
[[Category:Mayors of Kolkata]]<br />
[[Category:Chief ministers from Indian National Congress]]<br />
[[Category:Scientists from Kolkata]]<br />
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 1951–1957]]<br />
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 1957–1962]]<br />
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 1962–1967]]<br />
[[Category:Alumni of the Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century mayors of places in India]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kochai,_Palghar&diff=510174Kochai, Palghar2025-12-31T20:01:28Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: created new article - done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Village in Maharashtra}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox settlement<br />
| name = Kochai<br />
| native_name =<br />
| native_name_lang =<br />
| settlement_type = village<br />
| image_skyline =<br />
| image_alt =<br />
| image_caption =<br />
| etymology =<br />
| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra#India<br />
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maharashtra, India<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|20.1919601|N|72.925386|E|display=inline,title}}<br />
| coordinates_footnotes =<br />
| subdivision_type = Country<br />
| subdivision_name = [[India]]<br />
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br />
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]<br />
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br />
| subdivision_name2 = [[Palghar district|Palghar]]<br />
| subdivision_type3 = [[Taluka]]<br />
| subdivision_name3 = [[Talasari]]<br />
| established_title =<br />
| established_date =<br />
| founder =<br />
| seat_type = [[Panchayat]]<br />
| seat =<br />
| leader_party =<br />
| leader_title =<br />
| leader_name =<br />
| unit_pref = Metric<br />
| area_total_km2 =<br />
| elevation_m = 41<br />
| population_as_of = 2011<br />
| population_total = 3539<br />
| population_density_km2 = auto<br />
| population_demonym =<br />
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| utc_offset1 = +5:30<br />
| postal_code_type = <!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --><br />
| postal_code =<br />
| area_code_type = <!-- [[Telephone numbers in India|STD Code]] --><br />
| area_code =<br />
| blank_name_sec1 = [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]] code<br />
| blank_info_sec1 = 551538<br />
| footnotes =<br />
}}<br />
'''Kochai''' is a village in the [[Palghar district]] of [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]. It is located in the [[Talasari]] [[taluka]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dolr.nic.in/dolr/mpr/revenuevillagedirectorypdf/Maharashtra.pdf |title=Maharashtra villages |publisher=Land Records Information Systems Division, NIC |accessdate=2015-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095320/http://dolr.nic.in/dolr/mpr/revenuevillagedirectorypdf/Maharashtra.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
<br />
== Demographics ==<br />
<br />
According to the [[2011 census of India]], Kochai has 602 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 53.86%.<ref name="census_2011"/><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+ Demographics (2011 Census)<ref name="census_2011">{{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/PCA%20CDB-2721-F-Census.xlsx |title=District census data |work=[[2011 Census of India]] |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations |accessdate=2015-08-17 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002001310/http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/PCA%20CDB-2721-F-Census.xlsx |archivedate=2015-10-02 }}</ref><br />
! !! Total !! Male !! Female<br />
|-<br />
| Population || 3539 || 1703 || 1836<br />
|-<br />
| Children aged below 6 years || 715 || 352 || 363<br />
|-<br />
| [[Scheduled caste]] || 0 || 0 || 0<br />
|-<br />
| [[Scheduled tribe]] || 3499 || 1680 || 1819<br />
|-<br />
| Literates || 1521 || 917 || 604<br />
|-<br />
| Workers (all) || 1615 || 823 || 792<br />
|-<br />
| Main workers (total) || 584 || 415 || 169<br />
|-<br />
| Main workers: Cultivators || 340 || 229 || 111<br />
|-<br />
| Main workers: Agricultural labourers || 50 || 29 || 21<br />
|-<br />
| Main workers: Household industry workers || 2 || 2 || 0<br />
|-<br />
| Main workers: Other || 192 || 155 || 37<br />
|-<br />
| Marginal workers (total) || 1031 || 408 || 623<br />
|-<br />
| Marginal workers: Cultivators || 158 || 78 || 80<br />
|-<br />
| Marginal workers: Agricultural labourers || 782 || 262 || 520<br />
|-<br />
| Marginal workers: Household industry workers || 14 || 8 || 6<br />
|-<br />
| Marginal workers: Others || 77 || 60 || 17<br />
|-<br />
| Non-workers || 1924 || 880 || 1044<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Talasari taluka}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Villages in Talasari taluka]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dance_Plus_season_3&diff=495490Dance Plus season 32025-12-30T18:37:32Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: made a data from scratch.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox television season<br />
| image = Dance_Plus_(season_3).jpg<br />
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season<br />
| judges = [[Remo D'Souza]]<br />
| coaches = [[Dharmesh Yelande]]<br>[[Shakti Mohan]]<br>[[Punit Pathak]]<br />
| host = [[Raghav Juyal]]<br />
| num_contestants = 12<br />
| finals_venue = Mumbai<br />
| winner = [[Bir Radha Sherpa]]<br />
| winner_mentor = [[Punit Pathak]]<br />
| runner_up = Amardeep Singh Natt<br />
}}<br />
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=yes|2017|7|1}}<br />
| last_aired = {{End date|df=yes|2017|9|24}} <br />
| network = [[Star Plus]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Season 3 of ''[[Dance Plus]]'' tag line ek level up started on 1 July 2017<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/dance-plus-season-3-review-remo-dsouza-returns-with-some-of-the-best-dancers-of-the-world-lifetv-1021937-2017-07-02|title=Dance plus Season 3 premiere|work=[[India Today]]|date=2 July 2017|accessdate=21 July 2018}}</ref> on [[STAR Plus]] and produced by Urban Brew Studios. Winner was [[Bir Radha Sherpa]], from team Punit. Other three contestants from Top four were from Dharmesh's team, a new record for the finalists. Amardeep Singh Natt became the first runner up, Aryan Patra became the second runner up and Shivani and Tarun were the third runner up. All the finalists won the hearts of public with their entertaining and excellent performances. Overall, Team Dharmesh has two winners from season one and two, Team Punit has one and Shakti Mohan has none. Show is acclaimed and very popular due to creative format and uniqueness.<br />
[[File:Bir Radha Sherpa.jpg|thumb|200px|right|This season's winner Bir Radha Sherpa.]]<br />
<br />
==Super judge==<br />
[[Remo D'Souza]] is the super judge for this season also. He is a well known and reputed choreographer and film director. He directed movies like ''[[F.A.L.T.U.]]'', ''Any Body Can Dance'' (''[[ABCD: Any Body Can Dance|ABCD]]'' and ''[[ABCD 2]]''), ''[[A Flying Jatt]]'' and ''[[Race 3]]''. He was also judge on ''Jhalak Dikhla Ja'' and ''Dance India Dance'' (seasons 1, 2 and 3).<br />
<br />
==Captains==<br />
There are three captains on the show.<ref name=levelup>{{cite news|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dance-season-3-kicks-off-remo-dsouza-raises-the-stakes-for-competitors-on-episode-one-3767463.html|title=Ek level up|date=2 July 2017|accessdate=21 July 2018}}</ref><br />
*[[Dharmesh Yelande]]<br />
*[[Shakti Mohan]]<br />
*[[Punit Pathak]]<br />
<br />
Each mentor has their own team consisting of contestants selected in auditions. There will be one final winner at the end of the show.<br />
<br />
Urban Brew Studios produces the first, second and third seasons of ''Dance+'' on [[STAR Plus]].<br />
<br />
==Scoring==<br />
Each captain will give a challenge to one artist each from the other two teams. The challenges are:<br />
*Theme round<br />
*Prop round<br />
*Best foot forward<br />
The captain who gave the challenge can score out of five and the super judge can score out of ten. The super judge can also give five additional points.<br />
<br />
The fourth round is the international squad challenge in which one member of each team has to match the level of dancing of the international dancer. This round is also scored out of ten by the super judge and he can give an additional five points.<br />
<br />
Based on the scores of these rounds, two teams go to the final showdown. The fourth artist from each team performs and the super judge chooses the winner. The winning team's captain nominates two artists from his or her team to go forward and the super judge chooses the artist who will go to top eight.<br />
<br />
==Top twelve artists==<br />
{| class=wikitable style="width: 100%; text-align: center"<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=6|Team Dharmesh<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sr.'''||'''Artists'''||'''Type'''||'''Style'''||'''Home town'''<br />
|-<br />
|1||Tarun and Shivani||Duo||[[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]||Tarun Nihalani ''from'' [[Nasik]]<br>Shivani Patel ''from'' [[Ahmedabad]]<br />
|-<br />
|2||Amardeep Singh Natt||Solo||[[Robot (dance)|Robotics]]||[[Mumbai]]<br />
|-<br />
|3||The Tuttix Crew||Group||[[Popping|Tutting]]||Mumbai<br />
|-<br />
|4||Aryan Patra||Solo||[[Krumping]]||[[Ranchi]]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable style="width: 100%; text-align: center"<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=6|Team Shakti<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sr.'''||'''Artists'''||'''Type'''||'''Style'''||'''Home town'''<br />
|-<br />
|1||Nostalgia||Trio (Gavin, Nicky, Leo)||[[Dance|Rhythmic Beat Kill]]||[[Mangalore]]<br />
|-<br />
|2||Sri Rama Nataka Niketan||Group||[[Bharatanatyam]]||[[Hyderabad]]<br />
|-<br />
|3||Chow En Lai Phukan||Solo||[[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]||[[Guwahati]]<br />
|-<br />
|4||Jeet Das||Solo||[[Bollywood]]||[[Kolkata]]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable style="width: 100%; text-align: center"<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=6|Team Punit<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sr.'''||'''Artists'''||'''Type'''||'''Style'''||'''Home town'''<br />
|-<br />
|1||Bir Radha Sherpa||Solo||[[Breakdancing|B-Boying]] and [[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]||[[Silchar]], [[Assam]]<br />
|-<br />
|2||House of Suraj||Group||[[Waacking]]||[[Los Angeles]]<br />
|-<br />
|3||AVP Crew||Trio||[[Dance improvisation|Freestyle]] and [[Hip-hop dance|Hip-Hop]]||[[Pune]]<br />
|-<br />
|4||Ayush & Mukesh||Duo||[[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]||[[Kolkata]]<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==International squad challenge==<br />
In ''Dance plus'' season 3, D'Souza added a new challenge for dancers. Here he will invite an international dance artist every week.<ref name=levelup/><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable style="width: 100%;<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=7|Remo's international squad<br />
|-<br />
|'''Sr.'''||'''Artist(s)'''||'''Type'''||'''Style'''||'''Home town'''||'''Known for'''||'''Episode'''<br />
|-<br />
|1||Du-Shaunt ''''''"Fik-Shun"''''' Stegall||Solo||Hip-hop||{{flagicon|USA}} [[Las Vegas]], [[United States]]||Winner of [[So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 10)]]||July 23–24<br />
|-<br />
|2|| '''Paul''' Karmiryan & '''Brittany''' Cherry||Duo||[[Latin dance]]||{{flagicon|USA}} [[Los Angeles]], United States||[[So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 10)]]||July 29–30<br />
|-<br />
|3||'''Dytto'''||Solo||[[Popping|Tutting]], animation, [[slow motion]], [[robotic dance]]||{{flagicon|USA}} Los Angeles, [[United States]]||World of Dance||August 5–6<br />
|-<br />
|4|| '''Pandit [[Birju Maharaj]]'s Group'''||Cultural||Kathak||{{flagicon|IND}} [[Lucknow]], [[India]]||Kalidas Samman||August 12–13<br />
|-<br />
|5||'''[[Philippine All Stars]]'''||Group||Hip-hop||{{flagicon|PHI}} [[Manila]], [[Philippines]]||Champions of [[World Hip Hop Dance Championship]] (2006, 2008 & 2009 seasons)||August 19–20<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Top eight artists==<br />
{| class=wikitable style="width: 100%; text-align: center"<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=6|Top 8<ref name="Top 8">{{cite web|url=http://www.risingstarlive.in/2017/07/dance-plus-3-top-6-contestants-list.html|title=Dance plus Season 3 Top 8 artists|date=July 2017|accessdate=21 July 2018|archive-date=21 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721103159/http://www.risingstarlive.in/2017/07/dance-plus-3-top-6-contestants-list.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|'''Sr.'''||'''Artists'''||'''Type'''||'''Style'''||'''Team'''||'''Episode'''<br />
|-<br />
|1||Aryan Patra||Solo||[[Krumping]]||[[Dharmesh Yelande|Dharmesh]]||July 24<br />
|-<br />
|2||Ayush & Mukesh||Duo||[[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]||[[Punit Pathak|Punit]]||July 30<br />
|-<br />
|3||AVP Crew||Trio||[[Hip-hop dance|Hip-hop]]||[[Punit Pathak|Punit]]||August 6<br />
|-<br />
|4||Sri Rama Nataka Niketan||Group||[[Bharatanatyam]]||[[Shakti Mohan|Shakti]]||August 13<br />
|-<br />
|5||Amardeep Singh Natt||Solo||[[Robot (dance)|Robotics]]||[[Dharmesh Yelande|Dharmesh]]||August 20<br />
|-<br />
|6||Bir Radha Sherpa||Solo||Bir Style ([[B-boying|B-Boying]] & [[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]])||[[Punit Pathak|Punit]]||August 27<br />
|-<br />
|7||Tarun and Shivani||Duo||[[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]||[[Dharmesh Yelande|Dharmesh]]||August 27<br />
|-<br />
|8||House of Suraj||Group||[[Waacking]]||[[Punit Pathak|Punit]]||August 27<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Top four artists==<br />
{| class=wikitable style="width: 100%; text-align: center"<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=6|Top 4<ref name="Top 4">{{cite web|url=http://www.risingstarlive.in/2017/09/dance-plus-3-top-4-finalists-names-pics.html|title=Dance plus Season 3 Top 4 artists|date=September 2017|accessdate=21 July 2018|archive-date=21 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721103133/http://www.risingstarlive.in/2017/09/dance-plus-3-top-4-finalists-names-pics.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|'''Sr.'''||'''Artists'''||'''Type'''||'''Style'''||'''Team'''||'''Episode'''<br />
|-<br />
|1||Bir Radha Sherpa||Solo||Bir Style (B-Boying & Contemporary)||[[Punit Pathak|Punit]]||September 9<br />
|-<br />
|2||Tarun and Shivani||Duo||[[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]||[[Dharmesh Yelande|Dharmesh]]||September 9<br />
|-<br />
|3||Amardeep Singh Natt||Solo||[[Robot (dance)|Robotics]]||[[Dharmesh Yelande|Dharmesh]]||September 16<br />
|-<br />
|4||Aryan Patra||Solo||[[Krumping]]||[[Dharmesh Yelande|Dharmesh]]||September 16<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Special guests==<br />
{| class=wikitable style="width: 100%;<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=7|Special Guest Appearances <br />
|-<br />
|'''Sr.'''||'''Guest(s)'''||'''Reason'''||'''Episode'''<br />
|-<br />
|1||[[Shah Rukh Khan]] and [[Imtiaz Ali (director)|Imtiaz Ali]]||Promoting their film ''[[Jab Harry Met Sejal]]''||29–30 July<br />
|-<br />
|2||[[Akshay Kumar]] and [[Bhumi Pednekar]]||Promoting their film ''[[Toilet: Ek Prem Katha]]''||12 August<br />
|-<br />
|3||[[Ayushmann Khurrana]], [[Kriti Sanon]] and [[Rajkummar Rao]]||Promoting their film ''[[Bareilly Ki Barfi]]''||19–20 August<br />
|-<br />
|4||[[Sidharth Malhotra]] and [[Jacqueline Fernandez]]||Promoting their film ''[[A Gentleman]]''||26 August<br />
|-<br />
|5||[[Mithali Raj]] and [[Harmanpreet Kaur]]||Indian Women Cricketers||27 August<br />
|-<br />
|6||[[Govinda (actor)|Govinda]]||Indian 1990s Dance Icon||2 September<br />
|-<br />
|7||[[Sunny Deol]], [[Bobby Deol]] and [[Shreyas Talpade]]||Promoting their film ''[[Poster Boys (2017 film)|Poster Boys]]''||9 September<br />
|-<br />
|8||[[Shraddha Kapoor]], [[Siddhanth Kapoor]] and [[Ankur Bhatia]]||Promoting their film ''[[Haseena Parkar]]''||10 September<br />
|-<br />
|9||[[Kangana Ranaut]]||Promoting her film ''[[Simran (film)|Simran]]''||16 September<br />
|-<br />
|10||[[Farah Khan]]||Promoting her show ''Lip Sing Battle''||16 September<br />
|-<br />
|11||[[Tiger Shroff]]||Special Appearance||17 September<br />
|-<br />
|12||[[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]]||Special Appearance||17 September<br />
|-<br />
|13||[[Varun Dhawan]], [[Taapsee Pannu]] and [[Jacqueline Fernandez]]||Promoting their film ''[[Judwaa 2]]''||23 September<br />
|-<br />
|14||[[Prabhu Deva]]||Special Appearance||24 September<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[List of dance style categories]]<br />
*[[Dance Plus]]<br />
*[[Dance Plus (season 2)]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Star Plus Shows}}<br />
{{Dance Plus}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2017 Indian television seasons]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rita_gogra&diff=530599Rita gogra2025-12-27T08:20:38Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Species of fish}}<br />
{{Speciesbox<br />
| image = Phractocephalus gogra Sykes.jpg<br />
| status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1<br />
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Dahanukar, N. |date=2011 |title=''Rita gogra'' |volume=2011 |article-number=e.T172375A6878771 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T172375A6878771.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}</ref><br />
| taxon = Rita gogra<br />
| authority = ([[William Henry Sykes|Sykes]], 1839)<br />
| synonyms = *''Phractocephalus gogra'' <small>Sykes, 1839</small> <br />
*''Arius pavimentatus'' <small>[[Achille Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], 1840</small> <br />
*''Rita pavimentata'' <small>(Valenciennes, 1840)</small> <br />
*''Rita pavimentatus'' <small>(Valenciennes, 1840)</small> <br />
*''Gogrius sykesii'' <small>[[Francis Day|Day]], 1867</small><br />
| synonyms_ref = <ref name = FBS>{{cite web | url = http://www.fishbase.se/Nomenclature/SynonymsList.php?ID=13325&SynCode=56318&GenusName=Rita&SpeciesName=gogra | title = Synonyms of ''Rita gogra'' (Sykes, 1839) | access-date = 1 August 2017 | publisher = [[Fishbase]]}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Rita gogra''''' is a species of [[bagrid catfish]] [[endemism|endemic]] to [[India]] where it is found in the [[river]]s of the [[Deccan Plateau]] up to the [[Krishna River]] system.<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021" /><ref name=FishBase/> It is an inhabitant of large rivers.<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021" /> It grows to a total length of 26&nbsp;cm<ref name=FishBase/> and is [[commercial fishery|commercially fished]] for human consumption.<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021" /><ref name=FishBase/><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<references><br />
<br />
<ref name=FishBase>{{FishBase |genus=Rita|species= gogra |month=December |year=2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
</references><br />
<br />
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3757323}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Bagridae]]<br />
[[Category:Catfish of Asia]]<br />
[[Category:Freshwater fish of India]]<br />
[[Category:Endemic fauna of India]]<br />
[[Category:Fish described in 1839]]<br />
[[Category:Taxa named by William Henry Sykes]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{bagridae-stub}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prachi_Bansal&diff=526165Prachi Bansal2025-11-25T07:06:39Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: done.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian actress (born 1995)}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2024}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Prachi Bansal<br />
| image = Prachi Bansal in 2023.jpg<br />
| caption = Bansal in 2023<br />
| birth_date = {{birth_date and age|1995|3|19|df=yes}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]] <br />
| nationality = <br />
| occupation = Actress<br />
| years_active = 2017{{ndash}}present<br />
| known for = ''[[Thapki Pyar Ki 2]]''<br/>''[[Shrimad Ramayan]]''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Prachi Bansal''' (born 19 March 1995) is an Indian actress who works in Hindi television. She is best known for her portrayal of Vaani Agarwal Singhania in ''[[Thapki Pyar Ki 2]]'' and [[Sita]]/[[Lakshmi]] in ''[[Shrimad Ramayan]]''.<ref name="Ramayan">{{Cite web |date=2023-12-08 |title=Prachi Bansal on portraying Sita in Shrimad Ramayan: I feel like I have manifested this role for myself |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/prachi-bansal-on-portraying-sita-in-shrimad-ramayan-i-feel-like-i-have-manifested-this-role-for-myself/articleshow/105846055.cms |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=The Times of India}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
Bansal made her acting debut in 2017, with ''[[Bakula Bua Ka Bhoot]]'', where she played a minor role.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/television/story/bakula-bua-ka-bhoot-review-new-comedy-show-is-perfect-for-weekends-sarita-joshi-lifetv-984671-2017-06-25|title=Bakula Bua Ka Bhoot review: The light-hearted comedy show is perfect to entertain you on weekends|website=India Today|date=25 June 2017 |access-date=29 August 2018}}</ref> That same year, she made her film debut with ''Humein Haq Chahiye...Haq Se'' opposite [[Ankit Bhardwaj]], playing a reporter.<ref name="Haq" /><br />
<br />
In 2022, Bansal got her first lead role. She played Vaani "Thapki" Agarwal Singhania opposite [[Aakash Ahuja]] in ''[[Thapki Pyaar Ki 2]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-23 |title=Prachi Bansal on replacing Jigyasa Singh in Thapki Pyar Ki 2: I really don't understand if she left the show on her own, why am I being trolled? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-prachi-bansal-on-replacing-jigyasa-singh-in-thapki-pyar-ki-2-i-really-dont-understand-if-she-left-the-show-on-her-own-why-am-i-being-trolled/articleshow/90382012.cms |access-date=28 February 2023 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> In 2023, Bansal played Goddess [[Ganga (goddess)|''Ganga'']] in ''[[Shiv Shakti – Tap Tyaag Tandav]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-29 |title=Prachi Bansal to portray Goddess Ganga in 'Shiv Shakti' |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/prachi-bansal-to-portray-goddess-ganga-in-shiv-shakti--news-314343/amp |access-date=25 September 2023 |website=Outlook India}}</ref><br />
<br />
From January 2024 March 2025, Bansal is seen portraying [[Sita]] / [[Lakshmi]] in ''[[Shrimad Ramayan]]'' opposite [[Sujay Reu]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shrimad Ramayan Promo: Prachi Bansal introduced as Sita in the new Sony Entertainment Television show |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/shrimad-ramayan-promo-prachi-bansal-introduced-sita-new-sony-entertainment-television-show/ |access-date=16 December 2023 |website=Bollywood Hungama|date=8 December 2023 }}</ref> The show marked a turning point in her career and gained her praises.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-sujay-reu-and-prachi-bansal-to-play-ram-and-sita-in-siddharth-kumar-tewarys-shrimad-ramayan/articleshow/105415070.cms | title=Sujay Reu And Prachi Bansal To Play Ram And Sita In Siddharth Kumar Tewary's Shrimad Ramayan | access-date=28 November 2023 |work=Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Shrimad Ramayan Review, Episodes 1 and 2: A cinematic visual spectacle on small screen |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/tv/news/shrimad-ramayan-review-episodes-1-and-2-a-cinematic-visual-spectacle-on-small-screen-1269662?amp |access-date=4 January 2024 |website=Pinkvilla |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Filmography==<br />
===Films===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
!Year<br />
!Title<br />
!Role<br />
!class="unsortable"|Notes<br />
!class="unsortable"|Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| 2017<br />
| ''Humein Haq Chahiye...Haq Se''<br />
| Reporter <br />
|<br />
|<ref name="Haq">{{Cite web |title=Humein Haq Chahiye…Haq Se - Movie |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/photos/first-look/humein-haq-chahiye-haq-se/humein-haq-chahiyehaq-se/ |date=1 November 2017| access-date=20 December 2020 |website=Bollywood Hungama |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2024<br />
| {{Pending film|The Lost Girl}}<br />
| Suhani<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Photos: Actress Prachi Bansal, director Aditya Ranoliya and others were snapped at the trailer launch of The Lost Girl |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/parties-and-events/photos-actress-prachi-bansal-director-aditya-ranoliya-others-snapped-trailer-launch-lost-girl/ | access-date=14 March 2024 |website=Bollywood Hungama |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Actor Prachi Bansal Talks About Typecasting After Portraying Sita in Shrimad Ramayan: |url=https://www.india.com/video-gallery/tv-actor-prachi-bansal-talks-about-typecasting-after-portraying-sita-in-shrimad-ramayan-i-am-not-scared-exclusive-6838440/ |access-date=2025-06-22 |website=www.india.com |language=en}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Television===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
!Year<br />
!Title<br />
!Role<br />
!class="unsortable"|Notes<br />
!class="unsortable"|Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| 2017<br />
| ''[[Bakula Bua Ka Bhoot]]''<br />
| {{Unknown}}<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2022 <br />
| ''[[Thapki Pyar Ki 2]]''<br />
| Vaani "Thapki" Agarwal Singhania<br />
| <br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2023<br />
| ''[[Shiv Shakti – Tap Tyaag Tandav]]''<br />
| [[Ganga (goddess)|Ganga]]<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Colors to recreate the story of Shiv – Shakti on small screen; will feature Ram Yashvardhan and Subha Rajput |website=Bollywood Hungama |date=8 May 2023 |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/colors-recreate-story-shiv-shakti-small-screen-will-feature-ram-yashvardhan-subha-rajput/ |access-date=29 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| 2024–2025<br />
| ''[[Shrimad Ramayan]]''<br />
| [[Sita]] / [[Lakshmi]]<br />
|<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shrimad Ramayan team goes on a pilgrimage to Ayodhya ahead of shows launch |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tv/shrimad-ramayan-team-goes-on-a-pilgrimage-to-ayodhya-ahead-of-shows-launch-article-106341114 |access-date=28 December 2023 |website=Times Now News |date=28 December 2023 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Music videos===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
!Year<br />
!Title<br />
!Singer(s)<br />
!class="unsortable"|Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| 2022<br />
| ''Banke Bihari''<br />
| [[Divya Kumar (singer)|Divya Kumar]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2023<br />
| ''Raahi''<br />
| [[Shahid Mallya]], [[Antara Mitra]], [[Bhoomi Trivedi]], [[Jaan Kumar Sanu]] and 10 others<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IMDb name|id=nm9952552}}<br />
* {{instagram|prachibansal_official}}<br />
{{Commons}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bansal, Prachi}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian television actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Indian soap opera actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Indian female models]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kallur,_Kurnool_district&diff=454785Kallur, Kurnool district2025-11-24T05:53:28Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: updated references also</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}<br />
{{one source|date=November 2014}}<br />
{{Infobox settlement<br />
| name = Kallur<br />
| native_name = <br />
| native_name_lang = Telugu<br />
| other_name = <br />
| nickname = Kallur<br />
| settlement_type = [[Municipal Corporation]]<br />
| image_skyline = <br />
| image_alt = <br />
| image_caption = <br />
| mapframe = yes<br />
| mapframe-zoom = 14<br />
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh<br />
| pushpin_label_position = right<br />
| pushpin_map_alt = <br />
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|15|50|04|N|78|01|45|E|display=inline,title}}<br />
| subdivision_type = Country<br />
| subdivision_name = [[India]]<br />
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br />
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br />
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kurnool district|Kurnool]]<br />
| established_title = <!-- Established --><br />
| established_date = <br />
| founder = <br />
| named_for = <br />
| parts_type = [[Taluka]]s<br />
| parts = Kurnool<br />
| government_type = Municipal Corporation<br />
| governing_body = Kurnool Municipal Corporation<br />
| unit_pref = Metric<br />
| area_footnotes = <br />
| area_rank = <br />
| area_total_km2 = <br />
| elevation_footnotes = <br />
| elevation_m = <br />
| population_total = <br />
| population_as_of = <br />
| population_rank = <br />
| population_density_km2 = auto<br />
| population_demonym = <br />
| population_footnotes = <br />
| demographics_type1 = Languages<br />
| demographics1_title1 = Official<br />
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]<br />
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| utc_offset1 = +5:30<br />
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]<br />
| postal_code = 518003<br />
| registration_plate = <br />
| website = <br />
| footnotes = <br />
| official_name = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Kallur''' is an Urban Area in [[Kurnool Municipal Corporation]] located in [[Kurnool district]] of the [[India]]n state of [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Mandal wise villages |url=http://apland.ap.nic.in/cclaweb/Districts_Alphabetical/Kurnool.pdf |website=Revenue Department - AP Land |publisher=National Informatics Center |accessdate=20 November 2014 |page=5 |format=PDF |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209182624/http://apland.ap.nic.in/cclaweb/Districts_Alphabetical/Kurnool.pdf |archivedate= 9 December 2014 }}</ref> Western part of Kurnool city is called Kallur. Some main areas in Kurnool city like, Ballari Chowrasta, Chennamma Circle, Birla Compound, APSRTC Main Bus stand comes under Kallur mandal.<br />
<br />
== Demographics ==<br />
According to 2011 Census Kallur mandal has total population of 196,268, in which 144,798 comes under [[Kurnool Municipal Corporation]] and remaining 51,470 comes under Rural area. <br />
<br />
Kallur Urban Area has sex ratio of 996. Kallur Rural area has sex ratio of 980. <br />
<br />
Kallur urban area was merged with [[Kurnool Municipal Corporation]] in 2002. Kallur is industrially well developed. Industrial area in Kallur is called Kallur estate. <br />
<br />
Kallur Mandal comes under Panyam Assembly Segment.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Villages in Kurnool district]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Kurnool-geo-stub}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bandra_Kurla_Complex_high-speed_railway_station&diff=489528Bandra Kurla Complex high-speed railway station2025-11-23T15:18:29Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: New A Article</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Railway station in Maharashtra, India}}<br />
{{Infobox station<br />
| name = Bandra Kurla Complex high-speed railway station<br />
| style = Indian Railways<br />
| image = <br />
| image_upright = <br />
| image_caption = <br />
| address = [[Bandra Kurla Complex]], [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]]<br />
| country = [[India]]<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|19.0682|72.8659|type:railwaystation_region:IN|display=inline,title}}<br />
| elevation = {{convert|18|m|ft}}<br />
| line = [[Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor]]<br />
| other = <br />
| structure = Underground<br />
| platform = 6<br />
| tracks = 6<br />
| parking = Yes<br />
| opened = <br />
| opening = 2029<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-11-19 |title=India’s first bullet train inaugural run in 2027 to cover 100 km between Surat and Vapi, says Vaishnaw |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/delhi/2025/Nov/19/indias-first-bullet-train-inaugural-run-in-2027-to-cover-100-km-between-surat-and-vapi-says-vaishnaw |access-date=2025-11-21 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
| closed = <br />
| rebuilt = <br />
| electrified = Yes<br />
| accessible = <br />
| code = <br />
| zone = <br />
| division = <br />
| operator = National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited<br />
| status = under-construction<br />
| former = <br />
| passengers = <br />
| pass_year = <br />
| pass_percent = <br />
| pass_system = <br />
| map_locator = <br />
| map_type = India Maharashtra#India<br />
| map_dot_label = <br />
| map_size = 300<br />
| services = <br />
| mapframe = yes<br />
| mapframe-caption = Interactive map<br />
| route_map = {{Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor}}<br />
| mapframe-custom = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Bandra Kurla Complex high-speed railway station,''' shortened to '''Mumbai BKC station,''' is an under construction [[High-speed railway|high-speed railway station]] on the [[Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Mumbai – Ahmedabad High Speed Rail – Information, Route Map, Fares, Tenders & Updates |url=https://themetrorailguy.com/nhsrcl-mumbai-ahmedabad-high-speed-rail-information-route-map-fares-timings-tenders-status-updates/ |website=www.themetrorailguy.com |publisher=The Metro Rail Guy |access-date=22 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref> This station is located at [[Bandra Kurla Complex]] in [[Mumbai]], the capital of [[Maharashtra]] and the financial capital of [[India]]. It is the first and the southern terminus, as well as the only underground station of the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor.<br />
<br />
== Construction ==<br />
The [[National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited|National High-Speed Rail Corporation Limited]] (NHSRCL) had originally invited tenders for Package "C1" of the [[Mumbai-Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor]] (MAHSR) in November 2019, but cancelled it in February 2022. Tenders were re-invited in July 2022, with a deadline of five years.<ref name="hindustantimes">{{cite web |title=Bullet train project at BKC Four bidders submit design and construction bids for high-speed train station |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/bullet-train-project-at-bkc-four-bidders-submit-design-and-construction-bids-for-high-speed-train-station-101667585458710.html |website=www.hindustantimes.com |publisher=Hindustan Times |access-date=22 April 2023 |language=en |date=4 November 2022}}</ref> The MEIL-HCC [[Joint Venture]] (JV), consisting of [[Hyderabad]]-based Megha Engineering and Infrastructure Limited (MEIL) and [[Hindustan Construction Company|Hindustan Construction Company Limited]] (HCC), won the tender in December 2022. The NSHRCL signed an agreement with the MEIL-HCC JV for the design and construction of the high-speed railway station in March 2023.<ref name="TMRG">{{cite news|title=MEIL – HCC Wins Mumbai-Ahmedabad Bullet Train BKC Station’s Work|url=https://themetrorailguy.com/2022/12/28/meil-hcc-wins-mumbai-ahmedabad-bullet-train-bkc-stations-work/|work=The Metro Rail Guy|date=28 December 2022|access-date=2 October 2023|language=en}}</ref><ref name="theprint">{{cite web |title=Agreement signed to design, construct bullet train station at Mumbai’s Bandra Kurla Complex |url=https://theprint.in/economy/agreement-signed-to-design-construct-bullet-train-station-at-mumbais-bandra-kurla-complex/1458991/ |website=www.theprint.in |publisher=The Print |access-date=22 April 2023 |language=en |date=20 March 2023}}</ref> In September 2023, the JV began construction on the station after acquiring 4.8 hectares of land at the [[Bandra-Kurla Complex]], with a completion deadline of 54 months. The station is slated to be completed by March 2028.<ref>{{cite news|title=Shinde government instructs MMRDA to hand over BKC land for Bullet train in four weeks|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/shinde-government-instructs-mmrda-to-hand-over-bkc-land-for-bullet-train-in-four-weeks-101661800283977.html|work=Hindustan Times|date=30 August 2022|access-date=2 October 2023|language=en}}</ref><ref name="TFE">{{cite news|last=Sen|first=Anindita|title=Bullet Train Project in India! 32-metre deep BKC station to be ready in 2028, work starts in Mumbai|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/railways-bullet-train-project-in-india-32-metre-deep-bkc-station-to-be-ready-in-2028-work-starts-in-mumbai-3242499/|work=The Financial Express|date=13 September 2023|access-date=2 October 2023|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Lines ==<br />
The station will be served by the [[Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor]], and will be the first station as well as the southern terminus of the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor in [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Joint Feasibility Study for Mumbai-Ahmedabad High Speed Railway Corridor Final Report Volume 6 |url=https://www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/social_environmental/id/asia/south/india/c8h0vm00009v1ylc-att/c8h0vm0000bzv95y.pdf |website=www.jica.go.jp |access-date=22 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref> It is also planned to be served as the western terminus of the [[Mumbai–Nagpur high-speed rail corridor]].<ref name="NT">{{cite news|title=Top speed: Railways get DPR on Nagpur-Mumbai Bullet Train project|url=https://www.nagpurtoday.in/top-speed-railways-get-dpr-on-nagpur-mumbai-bullet-train-project/09091429|work=Nagpur Today|date=9 September 2023|access-date=3 October 2023|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Structure ==<br />
The station will have six platforms and 6 tracks for regular services.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mumbai-Ahmedabad Bullet Train: Bandra Kurla Complex HSR station to have 3 floors, 6 platforms, Metro connectivity |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-mumbai-ahmedabad-bullet-train-bandra-kurla-complex-hsr-station-to-have-3-floors-6-platforms-metro-connectivity-3031170#error=login_required&state=b6dd484d-10cc-4a63-877a-d54861f21e25 |website=www.dnaindia.com |publisher=DNA |access-date=22 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref> The platforms will be built at a depth of about {{cvt|32|m}} from the ground level. It will have three levels - platform, concourse and service floor, and the exterior building above the underground levels will have seven floors, which will be used for office, commercial and residential spaces.<ref name="mid-day">{{cite news|last=Aklekar B.|first=Rajendra|title=Maharashtra: Designs of four bullet train stations unveiled |url=https://www.mid-day.com/mumbai/mumbai-news/article/maharashtra-designs-of-four-bullet-train-stations-unveiled-23269713|work=Mid-Day|location=Mumbai|date=10 February 2023|access-date=22 April 2023|language=en}}</ref> The {{cvt|467|m}} long station area will have 6 platforms of {{cvt|425|m}} length for 16-coach [[E5 and H5 Series Shinkansen|E5 Series Shinkansen]] trains.<ref name="TMRG"/><ref name="TFE"/><br />
<br />
== Features ==<br />
Both the underground and the exterior sections of the station will have advanced facilities and amenities for visitors and passengers. There will be two entry and exit points–one to cater to the nearby metro station on [[Line 2 (Mumbai Metro)|Line 2B]] of [[Mumbai Metro]], and another towards the [[Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited|MTNL]] building. The station's design has been made to accommodate sufficient space for passenger movement and amenities at the concourse and platform levels. There will be ticketing and waiting areas, a business-class lounge, a nursery, restrooms, smoking rooms, information booths, retail centres and a public information and announcement system. Moreover, skylight provisions will be present on the roof and ceilings for natural lighting and reduced energy usage. The station will be developed as a [[transport hub]] through integration with all basic modes of transportation for better, faster and hassle-free connectivity to and from the station, such as [[Auto-rickshaw|auto]]s, buses and taxis.<ref name="mid-day"/><br />
<br />
== Connectivity ==<br />
===Road===<br />
[[File:Mumbai 03-2016 109 Western Express Highway near Bandra.jpg|thumb|[[Western Express Highway]]]]<br />
The station will be located along the Bandra Kurla Complex road, connecting the [[Western Express Highway]] located about {{cvt|7|km}} away.<ref name="TFE"/><br />
===Rail===<br />
[[File:Bandra Terminus - Main Building.jpg|thumb|[[Bandra Terminus]]]]<br />
The nearest [[Indian Railways|Indian Railway]] stations after this station's completion will be [[Bandra Terminus]], [[Bandra railway station]] and [[Khar Road railway station]], all located within a range of {{cvt|5|km}}-{{cvt|7|km}} away.<ref name="TFE"/><br />
===Metro===<br />
[[File:Mumbai_Metro_at_Gundavali_Station.jpg|thumb|Trains of [[Line 2 (Mumbai Metro)|Line 2 (Yellow Line) of Mumbai Metro]]]]<br />
The nearest metro stations after this station's completion will be [[Line 2 (Mumbai Metro)#Stations|Bandra, Income Tax Office, ILFS, BKC and MTNL]] metro stations of the [[Line 2 (Mumbai Metro)|Yellow]] and [[Line 3 (Mumbai Metro)|Aqua]] lines of [[Mumbai Metro]], all of which are also under construction on the Bandra Kurla Complex road.<ref name="TFE"/><br />
===Air===<br />
[[File:Mumbai 03-2016 114 Airport international terminal interior.jpg|thumb|[[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport]]]]<br />
The station will be located only {{cvt|10|km}} south from [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport]] after its completion.<ref name="TFE"/><br />
<br />
== Ecological conservation efforts == <br />
During construction, to ensure safe execution of the deep excavation work, a comprehensive ground support system is being established to prevent soil erosion and degradation. This support system will have the installation of more than 3,300 [[Deep foundation#Piled walls|secant piles]], each to extend to a depth of 17-21 metres. The primary ongoing activity at the construction site is the installation of these secant piles, with 14 dedicated [[Deep foundation|piling rigs]] actively engaged to make the piles.<ref name="TFE"/> <br />
<br />
== Future plans ==<br />
After completion of the station, it was initially planned to make it a starting point as the western terminus of the proposed [[Mumbai-Hyderabad high-speed rail corridor]], but the plan was shelved owing to lack of space and possible environmental impacts. So, that plan was changed to make a new station as the western terminus at the under-construction [[Navi Mumbai International Airport]], and this plan was changed to make the BKC station as the western terminus for the [[Mumbai-Nagpur high-speed rail corridor]], which is slated to be completed by 2032.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mumbai – Hyderabad High Speed Rail – Information, Route Map, Fares, Tenders & Updates|url=https://themetrorailguy.com/nhsrcl-mumbai-hyderabad-high-speed-rail-information-route-map-fares-timings-tenders-status-updates/|work=The Metro Rail Guy|access-date=3 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="NT"/><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[High-speed rail in India]]<br />
* [[Mumbai-Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor]]<br />
* [[Mumbai-Nagpur high-speed rail corridor]]<br />
* [[Mumbai-Hyderabad high-speed rail corridor]]<br />
* [[National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited]]<br />
* [[Mumbai Metro]]<br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Mumbai–Ahmedabad HSR corridor stations}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Railway stations in Maharashtra]]<br />
[[Category:Bandra]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mahavir_Choudhary&diff=514926Mahavir Choudhary2025-11-22T22:34:30Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: new a article</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Mahavir Choudhary<br />
| image = <br />
| native_name = <br />
| office = Member of [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]<br />
| term_start = 1980<br />
| term_end = 2000<br />
| predecessor = Nain Tara Dass<br />
| successor = [[Ashok Choudhary]]<br />
| constituency = [[Barbigha (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Barbigha]]<br />
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br />
| birth_place = [[Barbigha]], [[Sheikhpura district]], [[Bihar]]<br />
| spouse = <br />
| children = [[Ashok Choudhary]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Mahavir Choudhary''' was an Indian politician from Bihar. He was a four time MLA from [[Barbigha Assembly constituency]] in [[Bihar]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/patna/story-mahavir-choudhary-s-role-in-politics-is-important-nitish-1939953.html|title=राजनीति में महावीर चौधरी की भूमिका अहम : नीतीश |website=Hindustan|language=hi|access-date=2018-05-04}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Choudhary, Mahavir}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Bihar MLAs 1980–1985]]<br />
[[Category:Bihar MLAs 1985–1990]]<br />
[[Category:Bihar MLAs 1990–1995]]<br />
[[Category:Bihar MLAs 1995–2000]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br />
<br />
{{Bihar-INC-politician-stub}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sainthal,_Uttar_Pradesh&diff=531950Sainthal, Uttar Pradesh2025-10-25T23:09:22Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: creating a details basic info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{multiple issues|<br />
{{more citations needed|date=April 2017}}<br />
{{original research|date=April 2017}}<br />
}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox settlement<br />
| name = Sainthal<br />
| other_name = Senthal; Saithal<br />
| nickname = <br />
| settlement_type = [[Nagar panchayat]]<br />
| image_skyline = <br />
| image_alt = <br />
| image_caption = <br />
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh#India<br />
| pushpin_label_position = left<br />
| pushpin_map_alt = <br />
| pushpin_map_caption = <br />
| coordinates = {{coord|28|31|40|N|79|34|15|E|display=inline,title|region_IN:type_city}}<br />
| subdivision_type = Country<br />
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br />
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br />
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
| established_title = <!-- Established --><br />
| established_date = <br />
| founder = Syed Aman-ullah<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.47989|title=Bareilly – A Gazetteer|first=H. R.|last=Nevill|date=23 July 2018|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><br />
| named_for = <br />
| government_type = Local Self-Government headed by Chairman<br />
| governing_body = Nagar panchayat<br />
| unit_pref = Metric<br />
| area_footnotes = <br />
| area_rank = <br />
| area_total_km2 = <br />
| elevation_footnotes = <br />
| elevation_m = <br />
| population_total = 15632<ref name=census>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.co.in/towns/sainthal-population-bareilly-uttar-pradesh-800870|title=Sainthal Population, Religion, Caste, Working Data Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh – Census 2011}}</ref><br />
| population_as_of = 2017<br />
| population_rank = <br />
| population_density_km2 = auto<br />
| population_demonym = Sainthali<br />
| population_footnotes = <br />
| demographics_type1 = Languages<br />
| demographics1_title1 = Official<br />
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]] and Urdu<br />
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| utc_offset1 = +5:30<br />
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]<br />
| postal_code = 243407<br />
| registration_plate = <br />
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city<br />
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Bareilly]], [[Pilibhit]],<br />
| blank2_name_sec1 = Literacy<br />
| blank2_info_sec1 = 56.2 % (2011 census of India)<br />
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]<br />
| blank1_info_sec2 = Semi Arid<br />
| website = <br />
| footnotes = <br />
| official_name = <br />
}}<br />
[[File:First Mosque of Saithal.jpg|thumb|right|250px|First Mosque of Sainthal situated at Sainthal Qabristan ]]<br />
'''Sainthal''' (some times pronounced as Senthal or Saithal) is a ''[[nagar panchayat]]'' in [[Nawabganj, Bareilly|Nawabganj]] tehsil, [[Bareilly district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India.<ref name="census" /><br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The ancient name of this town was Sherthal (Land of Lions) which evolved into Sainthal over the time<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=सेंथल का ऐतिहासिक महत्व|publisher=Syed Shaheen Raza Zaidi|location=Sainthal|pages=1}}</ref><br />
<br />
Sainthal is said to have been founded by Syed Jalal-ul-Deen Lad Baraha and his son Syed Amanullah Baraha, both courtiers of [[Akbar the Great]], who received this area from the Sultan of Delhi after his victory over the joint army of Muzaffar Khan and Mitrasen.{{Explain|reason=|date=April 2020}}{{Citation needed|date=April 2020}}<br />
<br />
== Geography ==<br />
It is situated on Hafizganj-Jaadopur road, 4&nbsp;km away from [[National Highway 30 (India)|NH-30]] and 32&nbsp;km away from Bareilly City.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.co.in/maps/@28.4915983,79.5771823,14z?hl=en-US|title=Google Maps|website=Google Maps}}</ref> Sainthal is located at {{coord|28|31|40|N|79|34|15|E|}}. It is well connected by [[Indian Railways]].<br />
<br />
There are also some ruins of small fort still present in form of "Teela" in southern part of Sainthal.<ref name=":0" /><br />
<br />
== Demographics ==<br />
As per [[2011 Census of India]] the total population of Sainthal is 15,332 out of which 7,916 are males and 7,416 are females thus the Average Sex Ratio of Sainthal is 937.<ref name=census /> Sainthal is mainly home to [[Zaidi (surname)|Zaidi]] [[Sayyid]]s.<br />
<br />
The population of children of age 0–6 years in Sainthal city is 2176 which is 14% of the total population. There are 1097 male children and 1079 female children between the age 0–6 years. Thus as per the Census 2011 the Child Sex Ratio of Sainthal is 984 which is greater than Average Sex Ratio (937).<br />
<br />
As per the [[2011 Census of India]] the literacy rate of Sainthal is 56.2%. Thus Sainthal has lower literacy rate compared to 58.5% of Bareilly district. The male literacy rate is 54.9% and the female literacy rate is 41.2% in Sainthal.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Villages in Bareilly district}}<br />
[[Category:Villages in Bareilly district]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vandoolah&diff=543547Vandoolah2025-10-11T08:22:24Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: new redirect</p>
<hr />
<div>#REDIRECT [[Vandula]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aji_River_(Gujarat)&diff=467586Aji River (Gujarat)2025-10-04T15:16:32Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: corrected citations for clarity</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|River in India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox river<br />
| name = Aji River<br />
| native_name = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. --><br />
| native_name_lang = <br />
| name_other = <br />
| name_etymology = <br />
<!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --><br />
| image = Aji River Basin.jpg<br />
| image_size = <br />
| image_caption = View of river basin from railway bridge at Rajkot<br />
| map = <br />
| map_size = <br />
| map_caption = <br />
| pushpin_map = <br />
| pushpin_map_size = <br />
| pushpin_map_caption= <br />
<!---------------------- LOCATION --><br />
| subdivision_type1 = Country<br />
| subdivision_name1 = [[India]]<br />
| subdivision_type2 = State<br />
| subdivision_name2 = [[Gujarat]]<br />
| subdivision_type3 = Region<br />
| subdivision_name3 = [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]]<br />
| subdivision_type4 = District<br />
| subdivision_name4 = [[Rajkot district]], [[Jamnagar district]]<br />
| subdivision_type5 = City<br />
| subdivision_name5 = [[Rajkot]]<br />
<!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --><br />
|length_km=164<br />
| width_min = <br />
| width_avg = <br />
| width_max = <br />
| depth_min = <br />
| depth_avg = <br />
| depth_max = <br />
| discharge1_location= <br />
| discharge1_min = <br />
| discharge1_avg = <br />
| discharge1_max = <br />
<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --><br />
| source1 = <br />
| source1_location = [[Jasdan|Jasdan mountain range]], [[Rajkot district]], [[Gujarat]], [[India]]<br />
| source1_coordinates= <br />
| source1_elevation = <br />
| mouth = [[Gulf of Kutch]], [[Arabian Sea]]<br />
| mouth_location = Ranjitpara,<ref>"[http://www.rajkotcityguide.com/guide08/visit-rajkot/ Mouth Location] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071231043111/http://rajkotcityguide.com/guide08/visit-rajkot |date=31 December 2007 }}", Retrieved on 14 January 2008</ref> [[Jamnagar district|Jamnagar]], [[Gujarat]], [[India]]<br />
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|22.9597139|70.438762|display = inline}}<br />
| mouth_elevation = <br />
| progression = <br />
| river_system = <br />
| basin_size = <br />
| tributaries_left = Nyari River<br />
| tributaries_right = <br />
| custom_label = <br />
| custom_data = <br />
| extra = <br />
}}<br />
[[File:Rajkot - Aji River Overview.jpg|thumb|An Aerial Image of the Aji River flowing through Rajkot]]<br />
The '''Aji River''' is one of the main rivers of [[Saurashtra (region)|the Saurashtra region]] in [[Gujarat]], [[India]].<ref name="The Times of India 2013">{{cite web | title=Aji dam overflows | website=The Times of India | date=27 September 2013 | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/rajkot/rajkot-residents-flock-to-aji-dam/articleshow/23174222.cms | access-date=8 March 2022}}</ref> It separates [[Rajkot]] into east-west parts.<ref>"[http://www.rajkotchamber.com/history.html Rajkot and Aji River] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224194311/http://www.rajkotchamber.com/history.html |date=24 December 2007 }}", Retrieved on 14 January 2008</ref> There are four dams on the river, the water from which is used for agriculture and as drinking water.<br />
<br />
==Reservoirs==<br />
*Rajkot - Aji I Reservoir<ref name="wris-aji1">{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Aji I Dam D06235|url=http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Aji_I_Dam_D06235|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230030944/http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Aji_I_Dam_D06235|archive-date=30 December 2018|accessdate=29 December 2018|website=|publisher=India-WRIS}}</ref><br />
*Rajkot - Aji II Reservoir<ref name="wris-aji2">{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Aji II Dam D02457|url=http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Aji_II_Dam_D02457|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230005058/http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Aji_II_Dam_D02457|archive-date=30 December 2018|accessdate=29 December 2018|website=|publisher=India-WRIS}}</ref><br />
*Padadhari - Aji III Reservoir<ref name="wris-aji3">{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Aji III Dam D02620|url=http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Aji_III_Dam_D02620|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230013732/http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Aji_III_Dam_D02620|archive-date=30 December 2018|accessdate=29 December 2018|website=|publisher=India-WRIS}}</ref><br />
* Jodiya - Aji IV Reservoir<ref name="wris-aji4">{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Aji IV Dam D03151|url=http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Aji_IV_Dam_D03151|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230033954/http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Aji_IV_Dam_D03151|archive-date=30 December 2018|accessdate=29 December 2018|website=|publisher=India-WRIS}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Purification project==<br />
The [[Rajkot Municipal Corporation]] has started a project for the purification of Aji River and to provide retaining walls and plantations at both ends.<ref>"[http://www.rmc.gov.in/jnnurm/Annexure.pdf Purification Project]{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}". Retrieved on 14 January 2008</ref> Originating from the hilly areas of [[Sardhar]] and Hingolgadh, it has a length of 250&nbsp;km and flows into the [[Gulf of Kutch]]. Some of the major tributaries of Aji are the Nyari, Khokaldadi, Bhankudi & Dondi rivers originating from the hills of Sardhar near [[Atkot]]. There are major irrigation projects on Aji, but none of them support any canal systems for irrigation.<br />
<br />
In June 2017, Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the filling of the Aji dam near Rajkot under [[Saurashtra Narmada Avtaran Irrigation]] (SAUNI).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=167008|title=PM inaugurates filling of Aji Dam under Sauni Yojana|website=pib.gov.in}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Hydrography of Gujarat}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Rivers of Gujarat]]<br />
[[Category:Rajkot]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Gujarat-river-stub}}<br />
{{Rajkot-geo-stub}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mah%C4%81v%C4%ABra_(mathematician)&diff=459179Mahāvīra (mathematician)2025-08-20T19:13:12Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: </p>
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<div>{{short description|9th-century Indian mathematician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2020}}<br />
{{Infobox religious biography<br />
| name = Mahāvīrā (Mahāvīrāchārya)<br />
| religion = [[Jainism]]<br />
| sect = [[Digambara]]<br />
| era = 9th century CE<br />
| birth_place = Karnataka, [[Rashtrakuta]] Kingdom<br />
| works = "Gaṇita Sāra Saṅgraha"<br />
| occupation = Mathematician, Philosopher<br />
| dynasty = [[Rashtrakuta]]<br />
| image = Mahāvīrā (Mathematician) 25-07-26 22-58-50-463~2.png<br />
| caption = Jain Matheamatician Mahāvīrā (Mahāvīrāchārya)<br />
}}<br />
'''Mahāvīra''' (or '''Mahaviracharya''', "Mahavira the Teacher") was a 9th-century Indian [[Jain]] [[mathematician]] possibly born in [[Mysore]], in [[India]].{{sfn|Pingree|1970}}{{sfn|O'Connor|Robertson|2000}}{{sfn|Tabak|2009|p=42}} He authored ''[[Gaṇita-sāra-saṅgraha]]'' (''Ganita Sara Sangraha'') or the Compendium on the gist of Mathematics in 850 CE.{{sfn|Puttaswamy|2012|p=231}} He was patronised by the [[Rashtrakuta]] emperor [[Amoghavarsha]].{{sfn|Puttaswamy|2012|p=231}} He separated [[Jyotisha|astrology]] from mathematics. It is the earliest Indian text entirely devoted to mathematics.<ref>The Math Book: From Pythagoras to the 57th Dimension, 250 Milestones in the ... by Clifford A. Pickover: page 88</ref> He expounded on the same subjects on which [[Aryabhata]] and [[Brahmagupta]] contended, but he expressed them more clearly. His work is a highly syncopated approach to algebra and the emphasis in much of his text is on developing the techniques necessary to solve algebraic problems.<ref>Algebra: Sets, Symbols, and the Language of Thought by John Tabak: p.43</ref> He is highly respected among Indian mathematicians, because of his establishment of [[terminology]] for concepts such as equilateral, and isosceles triangle; rhombus; circle and semicircle.<ref>Geometry in Ancient and Medieval India by T. A. Sarasvati Amma: page 122</ref> Mahāvīra's eminence spread throughout southern India and his books proved inspirational to other mathematicians in [[Southern India]].{{sfn|Hayashi|2013}} It was translated into the [[Telugu language]] by [[Pavuluri Mallana]] as ''Saara Sangraha Ganitamu''.<ref>Census of the Exact Sciences in Sanskrit by David Pingree: page 388</ref><br />
<br />
He discovered algebraic identities like ''a''<sup>3</sup> = ''a'' (''a'' + ''b'') (''a'' &minus; ''b'') + ''b''<sup>2</sup> (''a'' &minus; ''b'') + ''b''<sup>3</sup>.{{sfn|Tabak|2009|p=42}} He also found out the formula for <sup>''n''</sup>C<sub>''r''</sub> as <br/>[''n'' (''n'' &minus; 1) (''n'' &minus; 2) ... (''n'' &minus; ''r'' + 1)] / [''r'' (''r'' &minus; 1) (''r'' &minus; 2) ... 2 * 1].{{sfn|Tabak|2009|p=43}} He devised a formula which approximated the area and perimeters of ellipses and found methods to calculate the square of a number and cube roots of a number.{{sfn|Krebs|2004|p=132}} He asserted that the [[square root]] of a [[negative number]] does not exist.{{sfn|Selin|2008|p=1268}} Arithmetic operations utilized in his works like Gaṇita-sāra-saṅgraha(Ganita Sara Sangraha) uses [[Positional notation|decimal place-value system]] and include the use of [[0|zero]]. However, he erroneously states that a number divided by zero remains unchanged.<ref>{{Cite book |last= |first= |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.502083 |title=A Concise History of Science in India (Eds.) D. M. Bose, S. N. Sen and B.V. Subbarayappa. |date=1971-10-15 |publisher=Indian National Science Academy |pages=167 |language=English}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Rules for decomposing fractions==<br />
Mahāvīra's ''Gaṇita-sāra-saṅgraha'' gave systematic rules for expressing a fraction as the [[Egyptian fraction|sum of unit fractions]].<ref name=k497>{{Harvnb|Kusuba|2004|pp=497–516}}</ref> This follows the use of unit fractions in [[Indian mathematics]] in the Vedic period, and the [[Shulba Sutras|Śulba Sūtras]]' giving an approximation of {{radic|2}} equivalent to <math>1 + \tfrac13 + \tfrac1{3\cdot4} - \tfrac1{3\cdot4\cdot34}</math>.<ref name=k497/><br />
<br />
In the ''Gaṇita-sāra-saṅgraha'' (GSS), the second section of the chapter on arithmetic is named ''kalā-savarṇa-vyavahāra'' (lit. "the operation of the reduction of fractions"). In this, the ''bhāgajāti'' section (verses 55–98) gives rules for the following:<ref name=k497/><br />
<br />
* To express 1 as the sum of ''n'' unit fractions (GSS ''kalāsavarṇa'' 75, examples in 76):<ref name=k497/><br />
{{blockquote|rūpāṃśakarāśīnāṃ rūpādyās triguṇitā harāḥ kramaśaḥ /<br/><br />
dvidvitryaṃśābhyastāv ādimacaramau phale rūpe //}}<br />
{{blockquote|When the result is one, the denominators of the quantities having one as numerators are [the numbers] beginning with one and multiplied by three, in order. The first and the last are multiplied by two and two-thirds [respectively].}}<br />
:: <math> 1 = \frac1{1 \cdot 2} + \frac1{3} + \frac1{3^2} + \dots + \frac1{3^{n-2}} + \frac1{\frac23 \cdot 3^{n-1}} </math><br />
<br />
* To express 1 as the sum of an odd number of unit fractions (GSS ''kalāsavarṇa'' 77):<ref name=k497/><br />
:: <math>1 = \frac1{2\cdot 3 \cdot 1/2} + \frac1{3 \cdot 4 \cdot 1/2} + \dots + \frac1{(2n-1) \cdot 2n \cdot 1/2} + \frac1{2n \cdot 1/2} </math><br />
<br />
* To express a unit fraction <math>1/q</math> as the sum of ''n'' other fractions with given numerators <math>a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n</math> (GSS ''kalāsavarṇa'' 78, examples in 79):<br />
:: <math>\frac1q = \frac{a_1}{q(q+a_1)} + \frac{a_2}{(q+a_1)(q+a_1+a_2)} + \dots + \frac{a_{n-1}}{(q+a_1+\dots+a_{n-2})(q+a_1+\dots+a_{n-1})} + \frac{a_n}{a_n(q+a_1+\dots+a_{n-1})}</math><br />
<br />
* To express any fraction <math>p/q</math> as a sum of unit fractions (GSS ''kalāsavarṇa'' 80, examples in 81):<ref name=k497/><br />
: Choose an integer ''i'' such that <math>\tfrac{q+i}{p}</math> is an integer ''r'', then write<br />
:: <math> \frac{p}{q} = \frac{1}{r} + \frac{i}{r \cdot q} </math><br />
: and repeat the process for the second term, recursively. (Note that if ''i'' is always chosen to be the ''smallest'' such integer, this is identical to the [[greedy algorithm for Egyptian fractions]].)<br />
<br />
* To express a unit fraction as the sum of two other unit fractions (GSS ''kalāsavarṇa'' 85, example in 86):<ref name=k497/><br />
:: <math>\frac1{n} = \frac1{p\cdot n} + \frac1{\frac{p\cdot n}{n-1}}</math> where <math>p</math> is to be chosen such that <math>\frac{p\cdot n}{n-1}</math> is an integer (for which <math>p</math> must be a multiple of <math>n-1</math>).<br />
:: <math>\frac1{a\cdot b} = \frac1{a(a+b)} + \frac1{b(a+b)}</math><br />
<br />
* To express a fraction <math>p/q</math> as the sum of two other fractions with given numerators <math>a</math> and <math>b</math> (GSS ''kalāsavarṇa'' 87, example in 88):<ref name=k497/><br />
:: <math>\frac{p}{q} = \frac{a}{\frac{ai+b}{p}\cdot\frac{q}{i}} + \frac{b}{\frac{ai+b}{p} \cdot \frac{q}{i} \cdot{i}}</math> where <math>i</math> is to be chosen such that <math>p</math> divides <math>ai + b</math><br />
<br />
Some further rules were given in the ''Gaṇita-kaumudi'' of [[Narayana Pandit|Nārāyaṇa]] in the 14th century.<ref name=k497/><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[List of Indian mathematicians]]<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{sfn whitelist |CITEREFPingree1970}}<br />
*Bibhutibhusan Datta and Avadhesh Narayan Singh (1962). ''[[History of Hindu Mathematics: A Source Book]]''.<br />
*{{DSB|first=David|last=Pingree|authorlink=David Pingree|title=Mahāvīra|date=1970}} (Available, along with many other entries from other encyclopaedias for other Mahāvīra-s, [http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830902766.html online].)<br />
*{{citation|last=Selin|first=Helaine|title=Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kt9DIY1g9HYC&pg=PA1268|year=2008|publisher=Springer|bibcode=2008ehst.book.....S|isbn=978-1-4020-4559-2}}<br />
*{{citation|first=Takao|last=Hayashi|author-link=Takao Hayashi|title=Mahavira|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/853508/Mahavira|year=2013}}<br />
*{{MacTutor Biography|id=Mahavira|title=Mahavira|date=2000}}<br />
*{{citation|last=Tabak|first=John|title=Algebra: Sets, Symbols, and the Language of Thought|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h-zRieb7VbwC&pg=PA42|year=2009|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-0-8160-6875-3}}<br />
*{{citation|last=Krebs|first=Robert E.|title=Groundbreaking Scientific Experiments, Inventions, and Discoveries of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MTXdplfiz-cC&pg=PA131|year=2004|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-32433-8}}<br />
*{{citation|last=Puttaswamy|first=T.K|title=Mathematical Achievements of Pre-modern Indian Mathematicians|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DAPLaxw-53IC&pg=PA231|year=2012|publisher=Newnes|isbn=978-0-12-397938-4}}<br />
* {{citation | last=Kusuba|first=Takanori | contribution=Indian Rules for the Decomposition of Fractions | year=2004 | title=Studies in the History of the Exact Sciences in Honour of David Pingree | publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] | isbn=9004132023 | issn=0169-8729 | editor1=Charles Burnett | editor2=Jan P. Hogendijk | editor3=[[Kim Plofker]] |display-editors = 3 | editor4=Michio Yano}}<br />
<!-- The article by David Pingree in the DSB has a more complete list of sources --><br />
<br />
{{Indian mathematics}}<br />
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{{Authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahavira}}<br />
[[Category:9th-century Indian mathematicians]]<br />
[[Category:9th-century Indian Jains]]<br />
[[Category:Scholars from Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:Acharyas]]<br />
[[Category:Rashtrakuta people]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=1984%E2%80%9385_Duleep_Trophy&diff=4819531984–85 Duleep Trophy2025-08-17T23:24:08Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: New Stub</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox cricket tournament<br />
| name = 1984–85 Duleep Trophy<br />
| image = <br />
| imagesize = <br />
| fromdate = 20 October 1984<br />
| todate = 11 February 1985<br />
| caption = <br />
| administrator = [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]]<br />
| cricket format = [[First-class cricket]]<br />
| tournament format = [[Single-elimination tournament|Knockout]]<br />
| host = <br />
| champions = [[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]]<br />
| count = 8<br />
| participants = 5<br />
| matches = 4<br />
| attendance = <br />
| most runs = [[Mohammad Azharuddin]] (SZ) (298)<ref>{{cite web|title=Batting and Fielding in Duleep Trophy 1984/85 (Ordered by Runs) |url-access=subscription |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/1/Duleep_Trophy_1984-85/Batting_by_Runs.html|publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=24 June 2016}}</ref><br />
| most wickets = [[Chetan Sharma]] (NZ) (15)<ref>{{cite web|title=Bowling in Duleep Trophy 1984/85 (Ordered by Wickets) |url-access=subscription |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/1/Duleep_Trophy_1984-85/Bowling_by_Wickets.html|publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=24 June 2016}}</ref><br />
| website = <br />
| previous_year = 1983–84<br />
| previous_tournament = 1983–84 Duleep Trophy<br />
| next_year = 1985–86<br />
| next_tournament = 1985–86 Duleep Trophy<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''1984–85 Duleep Trophy''' was the 24th season of the [[Duleep Trophy]], a [[first-class cricket|first-class]] cricket tournament contested by five zonal teams of India: [[Central Zone cricket team|Central Zone]], [[East Zone cricket team|East Zone]], [[North Zone cricket team|North Zone]], [[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]] and [[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]].<br />
<br />
South Zone won the title, defeating North Zone in the final.<br />
<br />
==Results==<br />
{{5TeamBracket<br />
| RD1=Quarterfinal<br />
| RD2=Semifinals<br />
| RD3=Final<br />
<br />
| RD1-seed1=<br />
| RD1-team1='''[[Central Zone cricket team|Central Zone]]'''<br />
| RD1-score1=W<br />
| RD1-seed2=<br />
| RD1-team2=[[East Zone cricket team|East Zone]]<br />
| RD1-score2=<br />
<br />
| RD2-seed1=<br />
| RD2-team1=[[Central Zone cricket team|Central Zone]]<br />
| RD2-score1=<br />
| RD2-seed2=<br />
| RD2-team2='''[[North Zone cricket team|North Zone]]'''<br />
| RD2-score2=W<br />
<br />
| RD2-seed3=<br />
| RD2-team3=[[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]]<br />
| RD2-score3=<br />
| RD2-seed4=<br />
| RD2-team4='''[[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]]'''<br />
| RD2-score4=FIL<br />
<br />
| RD3-seed1=<br />
| RD3-team1=[[North Zone cricket team|North Zone]]<br />
| RD3-score1=<br />
| RD3-seed2=<br />
| RD3-team2='''[[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]]'''<br />
| RD3-score2=W<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Final===<br />
{{Test match | date = 9–11 February 1985<br />
| team1 = [[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]] | team2 = [[North Zone cricket team|North Zone]]<br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 212 (49.5 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Syed Kirmani]] 82<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Maninder Singh (cricketer)|Maninder Singh]] 3/22<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 164 (60 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Gursharan Singh]] 68<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Raghuram Bhat]] 4/42<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 236 (75.1 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Abdul Jabbar (Tamil Nadu cricketer)|Abdul Jabbar]] 68<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Ajay Jha]] 5/76<br />
| score-team2-inns2 = 211 (52.5 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Rajinder Ghai]] 54<br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Bharat Arun]] 5/84<br />
| venue = [[Feroz Shah Kotla Ground]], [[Delhi]]<br />
| toss = North Zone won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| report = [https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Scorecards/45/45626.html Scorecard]<br />
| result = South Zone won by 73 runs<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Events/1/Duleep_Trophy_1984-85.html Series home at CricketArchive]<br />
<br />
{{Duleep Trophy}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:1984-85 Duleep Trophy}}<br />
[[Category:Duleep Trophy seasons]]<br />
[[Category:Domestic cricket competitions in 1984–85|Duleep Trophy]]<br />
[[Category:1984 in Indian cricket|Duleep Trophy]]<br />
[[Category:1985 in Indian cricket|Duleep Trophy]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Indian-domestic-cricket-competition-stub}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bakharla&diff=489210Bakharla2025-08-08T04:46:13Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: </p>
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<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}<br />
{{rewrite|date=August 2020}}<br />
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| utc_offset1 = +5:30<br />
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|Postal Code]]<br />
| postal_code = 360549<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiapost.gov.in/Pin/pinsearch.aspx?Pin_On=bakharla|title=Pincode search: Bakharla|publisher=India Post|accessdate=6 October 2013}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><br />
| registration_plate = GJ <br />
| website = http://www.bakharla.org/<br />
| footnotes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Bakharla''' is a village in the [[Porbandar district]], [[Gujarat]], India. It is approximately located 12&nbsp;km north east of Mohandas Gandhi's birthplace [[Porbandar]] city. The existence of Bakharla gham is verified by [[Google Maps]]<ref>[https://maps.google.com/maps?q=Bakharla,+Porbandar,+GJ+360579,+in&ie=UTF-8&ei=Vs1NUpClC8eK0AXp5IHIDA&ved=0CAoQ_AUoAg Bakharla on Google Maps]</ref> and [[Google Earth]] and its location is confirmed at Latitude: 21.73194 & Longitude: 69.63531.<br />
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== Demographics ==<br />
The [[Census of India]] 2011 documentation revealed that in 2001 Bakharla had 918 households with the population being at 4590 and that females constituted 2251 of the population and males 2339.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-common/census_data_2001.html |title=Welcome to Census India : Census Data 2001 |access-date=7 October 2013 |archive-date=17 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130917010241/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-common/census_data_2001.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
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== Transport ==<br />
Bakharla gham is well-connected by air, sea, rail and road to the various cities across the India via Porbandar City. Sea routes to Porbandar's ancient port are well defined and managed by [[Gujarat Maritime Board]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gmbports.org/showpage.aspx?contentid=1504|title=Porbandar port|publisher=Gujarat maritime Board|accessdate=6 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007132550/http://www.gmbports.org/showpage.aspx?contentid=1504|archive-date=7 October 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bakharla can also be accessed by Rail using [[Indian Railways]] and disembarking at [[Porbandar railway station]] and continuing the onwards journey by [[auto-rickshaw]], taxi or bus.<br />
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The gham also has excellent road links and can be accessed from a number of different road routes, though for practical reasons it is served very well by the Indian State Highway 95, a tarmac single carriageway road from Porbandar City which is shared with a variety of different modes of transport including bus services operated by Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation.<br />
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== Interest and attractions ==<br />
{{More citations needed section|date=December 2016}}<br />
<br />
[[File:Chamundi Mandir Front View 2013.jpg|thumb|left|Bakharla Chamunda Mandir.]]The gham Bakharla has numerous places of historical interest and attractions. Chief among these are the numerous Mandirs, one of them being Bakharla Chamunda Mandir, which is located on the northern outskirts of Bakharla and can be accessed by heading outwards on State Highway 85 towards Nagka gham and thereafter Bhanvad gham. The Chamunda Mandir, probably like other Hindu Mandirs - [[Hindu Temples]] in Gujarat, is open 24 hours a day for the worship of Hindu Gods / [[Deity|Deities]] and those seeking meditation and solace. It is also conveniently used by the locals as a meeting point during the day to exchange news, views and the days happening in the gham.<br />
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Like almost all Indian ghams, Bakharla's central area is the [[Town square|chowk]], which is a large open area that is located in the heart of a gham used for thoroughfare and community gatherings. Within the Mer community and other Hindu casts Bakharla's chowk is famous for hosting the [[Hindu]] festival of [[Holi]] and [[Navratri]] with the associated traditional [[Dandiya Raas]].<br />
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The following are tourist sites:<br />
* Chamunda Mandir<br />
* Hanuman Mandir<br />
* Bakharli Well<br />
* Hamir Well<br />
* Bakharla Chowk<br />
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== Economy ==<br />
<br />
[[File:Bakharla's varied economy.jpg|thumb|right|Bakharla's varied economy.]]With near 13.7% of India's GDP from agriculture<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/agriculture-s-share-in-gdp-may-fall-to-13-7-in-fy13-113031500309_1.html|title=Agriculture's share in GDP may fall to 13.7% in FY13|date=15 March 2013|work=Business Standard|accessdate=6 October 2013}}</ref> many of the local population of Bakharla and surrounding areas are very dependent on agriculture and related occupations for their livelihood. That too is very much dependent on the annual monsoon season and with little or no irrigation in the region to save substantial monsoon rainfalls, farmers are increasingly seeking to sink wells on their land in an attempt to cultivate second and sometime third crops in a single season. Some projects to increase the local ground water table around Porbandar and 47 surrounding villages have been initiated by the Gujarat Water Supply and Sewerage Board<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gwssb.org/ShowDocument.aspx?ProjectID=13 |title=Schemes taken up |publisher=Gujarat Water Supply and Sewerage Board |accessdate=6 October 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007004712/http://www.gwssb.org/ShowDocument.aspx?ProjectID=13 |archivedate=7 October 2013 }}</ref> that will increase support for Bakharla's local farmers.<br />
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In a typical gham environment many other small family owned businesses flourish to support the local inhabitants with their daily or weekly essentials and these small businesses, as shown in the photograph, exist to underpin Bakharla's fragile economy.<br />
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== Education ==<br />
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[[File:Bakharla schools.jpg|thumb|left|Bakharla Schools]] Education in Bakharla is provided by both private and government sectors (Government of Gujarat Education Department)<ref>[http://gujarat-education.gov.in/education/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130123556/http://gujarat-education.gov.in/education/|date=30 November 2018}}</ref><br />
<br />
Three different examination boards exist which are all recognised nationally and are noted below.<br />
<br />
* [[Gujarat Secondary and Higher Secondary Education Board]] (GSEB)<br />
* [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE)<br />
* [[Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations]] (CISCE)<br />
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There are four schools serving Bakharla and the surrounding areas. These are Bakharla Kanya School, Bakharla Boys School, Bakharla Chamundi Sim Shala and the Bakharla MRK High School, which are shown in the photograph clockwise in order.<br />
<br />
Both the Bakharla Kanya School and Bakharla Boys School are located in the center of Bakharla, whilst the Bakharla Chamundi Sim Shala and the Bakharla High School are located in the distant outskirts of the gham quite near to the Bakharla Chamundi Mandir.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Harijan]]<br />
* [[Valand]]<br />
* [[Ajmer-Merwara]]<br />
* [[Baba Ramdevji]]<br />
* [[Pratap Singh, Maharana of Mewar]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*{{url|http://www.bakharla.org|Bakharla Gham Website}}<br />
*{{url|http://www.lcuk.org.uk/home.htm|Lohana Community Website}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Villages in Porbandar district]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kendriya_Vidyalaya_Tehran&diff=451791Kendriya Vidyalaya Tehran2025-07-29T12:24:18Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{notability|date=September 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox school<br />
| native_name = केन्द्रीय विद्यालय संगठन <br><br />
مدرسه هندی تهران<br />
| founded = 1952<br />
| school_board = [[Central Board of Secondary Education]]<br />
| lower_age = 3<br />
| upper_age = 18<br />
| enrollment = 189<br />
| enrollment_as_of = 2012<br />
| language = [[English language|English]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<br />
| website = https://kendriyavidyalayatehran.ir/<br />
}}<br />
'''Kendriya Vidyalaya Tehran''' ("Indian School in Tehran" {{langx|hi|केन्द्रीय विद्यालय संगठन}}; {{langx|fa|مدرسه هندی تهران}}) is an Indian co-educational International school in the [[Baharestan (district)|Baharestan District]], [[Tehran]], [[Iran]].<ref>"[http://kvtehran.ir/wp/contact-us/ Contact Us] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016081249/http://kvtehran.ir/wp/contact-us/ |date=2018-10-16 }}." Kendriya Vidyalaya Tehran. Retrieved on 16 October 2018. "No. 24, Darvish Street, Noormohammadi Ave, Qayedi (Hedayat)Ave, Saadi Ave, Tehran- Iran" [http://kvtehran.ir/wp/map-direction/ Map and directions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016032621/http://kvtehran.ir/wp/map-direction/ |date=2018-10-16 }} - Older site info: "[http://www.kvtehran.com/ Contact us] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309194957/http://www.kvtehran.com/ |date=2016-03-09 }}" (click button for the section). Kendriya Vidyalaya Tehran. Retrieved on June 21, 2016. "LOCATION:KVT is located in the heart of the city, Dirstrict{{sic}} No. 12, commonly known as: Baharestan"</ref> Affiliated with the Embassy of India, it serves grade levels LKG (3 years and up) through XII (18 years).<ref>"[http://www.kvtehran.com/enrolment.htm Cass strength as on 31-3-2015] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701071641/http://www.kvtehran.com/enrolment.htm |date=2016-07-01 }}"{{sic}}. Kendriya Vidyalaya Tehran. Retrieved on June 21, 2016.</ref><br />
The school, one of several [[Kendriya Vidyalaya]] institutions, has roughly 120 students ranging from three years old to 18. The school's primary taught languages are English, Hindi, Punjabi and French. Persian is taught in this school also.{{fact|date=September 2024}}<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
The school was founded in 1952.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA TEHRAN |url=https://kendriyavidyalayatehran.ir/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=Kendriya Vidyalaya Tehran केंद्रीय विद्यालय तेहरान |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
<br />
It moved to its present location in central Tehran in 1952, as Indians had moved to that city. At some point its affiliation shifted to the [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE). The after-effects of the [[Iranian Revolution]] of 1979 reduced the school's enrollment as only 60 to 65 Indian families remained in Iran. It became a [[Kendriya Vidyalaya]] in 2004.{{fact|date=September 2024}}<br />
<br />
In a four-year period from 2008 to 2012 it had three grants, which kept the school in operation during the [[Great Recession]]. The first was 81 [[lakh]] (8,100,000) rupees from the [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|Ministry of External Affairs of India]], the second was 2 [[crore]] (20,000,000) rupees from [[Meira Kumar]], and the third grant was 2 lakh (2,00,000) rupees sent on August 29, 2012.<ref name=teaches>{{cite news |last=Ians |date=2012-08-29 |title=Kendriya Vidyalaya Tehran teaches it all |language=en-IN |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/kendriya-vidyalaya-tehran-teaches-it-all/article3836836.ece |url-status=live |access-date=2016-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127221838/http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/kendriya-vidyalaya-tehran-teaches-it-all/article3836836.ece |archive-date=2016-11-27 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Student body==<br />
In 2012 the school had 189 students, with 138 being Indians and the remainder from other nationalities including Afghani, Chinese, Thai, Pakistani and Iranian.<ref name=teaches/><br />
<br />
== Members List ==<br />
There are 23 Staff Members in school.{{fact|date=September 2024}}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[India–Iran relations]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Portalbar|Iran|India|Schools}}<br />
* [http://kvtehran.ir Kendriya Vidyalaya Tehran]<br />
* {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/*/http://www.kvtehran.com/|title=Kendriya Vidyalaya Tehran (kvtehran.com)}}<br />
* [http://www.indiastudychannel.com/schools/5365-Kendriya-Vidyalaya-Tehran.aspx Indian Study Channel]<br />
<br />
{{International schools in Iran}}<br />
{{Indian international schools}}<br />
[[Category:International schools in Tehran]]<br />
[[Category:High schools in Iran]]<br />
[[Category:Kendriya Vidyalayas]]<br />
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1952]]<br />
[[Category:1952 establishments in Iran]]<br />
[[Category:Indian international schools in Iran]]</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wahengbam_Angousana&diff=475404Wahengbam Angousana2025-07-26T19:11:35Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: minor edit</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Angousana Wahengbam]]<br />
<br />
{{Redirect category shell|<br />
{{R from move}}<br />
}}</div>RooseveltMacCullhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zee_Marathi_Awards_2014&diff=546522Zee Marathi Awards 20142025-07-24T19:24:04Z<p>RooseveltMacCull: Redirect page</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Zee Marathi Utsav Natyancha Awards#2014]]</div>RooseveltMacCull