https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=RogerLazzarini9Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]2026-08-02T07:37:30ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anupama_Rawat&diff=487014Anupama Rawat2026-05-07T05:55:22Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: </p>
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<div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name =<br />
| image = <br />
| office = [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly|Member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]]<br />
| constituency = [[Haridwar Rural (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Haridwar Rural]]<br />
| term_start = 10 March 2022<br />
| term_end = <br />
| successor = <br />
| predecessor = [[Yatishwaranand]]<br />
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br />
| education = <br />
| alma_mater = <br />
| father = [[Harish Rawat]]<br />
| profession = [[Politician]]<br />
| footnotes = <br />
}}<br />
'''Anupama Rawat''' (born 09th September 1983)<ref>{{cite web |title=Member Details |url=https://utkh.neva.gov.in/Member/Details/130?AssemblyID=5 |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=National eVidhan Application – Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly |publisher=Government of Uttarakhand |language=en}}</ref> is an Indian politician from Uttarakhand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anupama Rawat(Indian National Congress(INC)):Constituency- HARIDWAR RURAL(HARIDWAR) - Affidavit Information of Candidate: |url=https://myneta.info/uttarakhand2022/candidate.php?candidate_id=485 |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=myneta.info}}</ref> She won as an MLA from [[Haridwar Rural (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Haridwar Rural Assembly constituency]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Election Commission of India|url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMar2022/ConstituencywiseS2835.htm?ac=35|access-date=2022-03-12|website=results.eci.gov.in}}</ref> She won the [[2022 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election]] representing the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-11 |title=Avenging Daughters |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/methink/avenging-daughters/ |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=Times of India |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Haridwar Rural, Uttarakhand Assembly Election Results 2022 LIVE Updates |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/haridwar-rural-uttarakhand-assembly-election-results-2022-live-updates-1922994-2022-03-10 |access-date=2022-03-11 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> She is general secretary of [[All India Mahila Congress|Mahila Congress]].<br />
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== Early life and education ==<br />
Rawat is from [[Mussoorie]], Dehradun District, Uttarakhand. She is the daughter of former chief minister [[Harish Rawat]]. She married Abhinandan Kumar. She completed her Master of Law at [[Kurukshetra University|Krukshetra University]] in 2015.<br />
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== Career ==<br />
Rawat became a first time MLA winning from [[Haridwar Rural Assembly constituency]] representing [[Indian National Congress]] in the 2022 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election. She polled 50,028 votes and defeated her nearest rival and two time saint turned politician, [[Yatishwaranand]] of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], by a margin of 4,472 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-10 |title=Anupama Rawat Election Result 2022 LIVE Updates : Anupama Rawat of Congress Wins |url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/anupama-rawat-election-result-2022-live-updates-4854503.html |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-09 |title=Haridwar Rural (Uttarakhand) Assembly Election Results 2022 Live: Winner, Runner-up |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/haridwar-rural-uttarakhand-assembly-election-results-2022-live-winner-runner-up-candidates-7810433/ |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rawat |first=Sandeep |date=March 10, 2022 |title=Daughters of 2 former Uttarakhand CMs avenge their fathers' defeat from same seat |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/elections/uttarakhand-assembly-election/daughters-of-2-former-uttarakhand-cms-avenge-their-fathers-defeat-from-same-seat-101646923247326.html |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=hindustantimes.com}}</ref><br />
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== Electoral performance ==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
! Election !! Constituency !! colspan="2"|Party !! Result !! Votes % !! Opposition Candidate !! colspan="2"|Opposition Party !! Opposition vote %|| Ref<br />
|-<br />
|[[2022 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election|2022]]||[[Haridwar Rural Assembly constituency|Haridwar Rural]]||{{party name with color|Indian National Congress}}||{{Won}}||46.59%||[[Yatishwaranand]]||{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}||42.42%||<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Uttarakhand|title=Uttarakhand State General Assembly Elections 2022 - AC-Wise Detailed Result (Form-20) |url=https://election.uk.gov.in/CEO-Website/VidhanSabha2022/Form20/form20_2022.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615102703/https://election.uk.gov.in/CEO-Website/VidhanSabha2022/Form20/form20_2022.htm|archive-date=15 June 2022}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rawat, Anupama}}<br />
[[Category:1984 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Uttarakhand]]<br />
[[Category:Women members of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]]<br />
[[Category:People from Haridwar district]]<br />
[[Category:Uttarakhand MLAs 2022–2027]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian women politicians]]<br />
<br />
{{Uttarakhand-INC-politician-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bad_Boy_Karthik&diff=488895Bad Boy Karthik2026-05-05T20:26:18Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: put up a info</p>
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<div>{{short description|2026 film directed by Ramesh Desina}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2026}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Bad Boy Karthik<br />
| image = Bad Boy Karthik poster.jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = Ramesh Desina<br />
| screenplay = <br />
| story = <br />
| producer = {{plain list|<br />
* Srinivasa Rao Chinthlapudi<br />
* Vijaya Kumar Chinthalapudi<br />
* Dr. Ashok Kumar Chinthalapudi<br />
}}<br />
| starring = {{plain list|<br />
* [[Naga Shaurya]]<br />
* Vidhi Yadav<br />
* [[Samuthirakani]]<br />
}}<br />
| cinematography = [[Rasool Ellore]]<br />
| editing = [[Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao]]<br />
| music = [[Harris Jayaraj]]<br />
| studio = Sri Vaishnavi Films<br />
| distributor = [[Zee Studios]]<br />
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2026|4|17}}<br />
| runtime = 141 minutes<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Telugu<br />
| budget = <br />
| gross = <br />
}}<br />
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'''''Bad Boy Karthik''''' is a 2026 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[action comedy]] film written and directed by Ramesh Desina in his directorial debut.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nine South Indian Films Set to Premiere in Theaters This Week: Pallichattambi, Bengaluru Inn to Bad Boy Karthik, Oru Durooha Saahacharyathil |url=https://www.zoomtventertainment.com/south/south-indian-movies-to-watch-in-theaters-article-154069777 |access-date=2026-04-25 |website=Zoom TV |language=en}}</ref> The film stars [[Naga Shaurya]], Vidhi Yadav and [[Samuthirakani]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sistu |first=Suhas |date=2026-03-27 |title=‘Bad Boy Karthik’ locks April 17 release |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/bad-boy-karthik-locks-april-17-release-1060172 |access-date=2026-04-25 |website=[[The Hans India]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
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The film was released on 17 April 2026.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2026-03-28 |title='Bad Boy Karthik' release date: Naga Shaurya’s action entertainer to hit theatres on April |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/bad-boy-karthik-release-date-naga-shauryas-action-entertainer-to-hit-theatres-on-april/articleshow/129859021.cms |access-date=2026-04-25 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Plot ==<br />
{{Expand section|April 2026|date=April 2026}}<br />
Karthik, a rebellious troublemaker, finds himself in a violent clash with a group of local criminals. Meanwhile, he must confront the gang to ensure the safety of his family.<br />
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== Cast ==<br />
{{Cast listing|<br />
* [[Naga Shaurya]] as Karthik<br />
* Vidhi Yadav as Meera<br />
* [[Samuthirakani]] as Varadha Reddy<br />
* [[Naresh (actor)|Naresh]] as Shiva<br />
* [[P. Sai Kumar|Saikumar]] as Prakash<br />
* [[Vennela Kishore]] as Deva<br />
* [[Sridevi Vijayakumar]] as Kasturi<br />
* [[Ajay (actor)|Ajay]] as Kasturi's husband<br />
* [[Mime Gopi]] as Govindappa, Karthik's father<br />
* [[Brahmaji]] <br />
* [[Krishnudu]] <br />
* [[Chammak Chandra]] <br />
* Vamsi Raghava Yenumula as IAS Officer<br />
* Mahaboob Basha <br />
* Satish Saripalli as Lawyer<br />
* Sneha Gupta (special appearance in the song "America Nundi Vacchaanu")<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Music ==<br />
The film's music was composed by [[Harris Jayaraj]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-28 |title=Naga Shaurya’s Bad Boy Karthik wins hearts with ‘My Dear Janatha’ |url=https://telanganatoday.com/naga-shauryas-bad-boy-karthik-wins-hearts-with-my-dear-janatha |access-date=2026-04-25 |website=[[Telangana Today]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-12-04 |title=‘Pommante’ song out now; Emotional ode to sibling love, Naga Shaurya shines in 'Bad Boy Karthik' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pommante-song-out-now-emotional-ode-to-sibling-love-naga-shaurya-shines-in-bad-boy-karthik/articleshow/125768320.cms |access-date=2026-04-25 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> The audio rights were acquired by [[T-Series (company)|T Series]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2025-07-17 |title=Naga Shaurya’s Bad Boy Karthik audio bagged by this label |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Jul/17/naga-shauryas-bad-boy-karthik-audio-bagged-by-this-label |access-date=2026-04-25 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
{{Infobox album<br />
| name = Bad Boy Karthik<br />
| image = <br />
| type = Soundtrack<br />
| artist = [[Harris Jayaraj]]<br />
| alt = <br />
| released = 2026<br />
| recorded = 2025<br />
| venue = <br />
| studio = [[Annapurna Studios]]<br />
| genre = [[Soundtrack]]<br />
| length = 21:55<br />
| label = [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]<br />
| producer = [[Harris Jayaraj]]<br />
| prev_title = [[Kadhal Reset Repeat]]<br />
| prev_year = 2026<br />
| year = 2026<br />
| next_title = <br />
| next_year = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Track listing<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| headline = Track listing<br />
| title1 = My Dear Janathaa<br />
| extra1 = [[Hemachandra (singer)|Hemachandra]]<br />
| lyrics1 = [[Ramajogayya Sastry]]<br />
| length1 = 3:34<br />
| title2 = Andhamaina Figaru Nuvvaa<br />
| extra2 = Sridhar Sena, Priya Jerson<br />
| lyrics2 = [[Krishna Kanth]]<br />
| length2 = 4:22<br />
| title3 = Naa Maava Pillanitthaanannade<br />
| extra3 = [[N. C. Karunya]], Haripriya<br />
| lyrics3 = [[Kasarla Shyam]]<br />
| length3 = 3:23<br />
| title4 = Pommante<br />
| extra4 = [[Vijay Yesudas]], [[Shakthisree Gopalan]]<br />
| lyrics4 = [[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]]<br />
| length4 = 5:02<br />
| title5 = America Nundi Vacchaanu<br />
| extra5 = Chandana Bala Kalyan, Gold Devaraj<br />
| lyrics5 = Chandrabose<br />
| length5 = 3:24<br />
| total_length = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Release ==<br />
''Bad Boy Karthik'' was released on 17 April 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-07 |title=Naga Shaurya in a mass avatar, Bad Boy Karthik trailer unveiled |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2026/Apr/07/naga-shaurya-in-a-mass-avatar-bad-boy-karthik-trailer-unveiled |access-date=2026-04-25 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> The film was distributed by [[Zee Studios]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-03-27 |title=Zee Studios Releasing Bad Boy Karthik Worldwide on April 17th |url=https://www.telugutimes.net/en/cinemas/cinema-news/zee-studios-releasing-bad-boy-karthik-worldwide-on-april-17th-341969.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260502024817/https://www.telugutimes.net/en/cinemas/cinema-news/zee-studios-releasing-bad-boy-karthik-worldwide-on-april-17th-341969.html |archive-date=2026-05-02 |access-date=2026-05-02 |website=telugutimes.net |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Reception ==<br />
Shreya Varanasi of ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the film 2 out of 5 and wrote that, "''Bad Boy Karthik'' feels like something you’ve seen many times before".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Varanasi |first=Shreya |date=17 April 2026 |title=Bad Boy Karthik Movie Review: Routine screenplay keeps this action drama from taking off |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/bad-boy-karthik/movie-review/130354113.cms |access-date=2026-04-25 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> A crtic of ''[[Telugucinema.com]]'' rated it 1.75 out 5 and called it a "bad film from start to finish".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-17 |title=Bad Boy Karthik Review: A tired formula that fails completely - Telugu Cinema {{!}} News, Reviews & Daily Entertainment |url=https://telugucinema.com/reviews/bad-boy-karthik-review-a-tired-formula-that-fails-completely |access-date=2026-04-25 |website=[[Telugucinema.com]] |language=en-US}}</ref> ''[[Sakshi Post]]'' rated it 1.5 out of 5 called it "disappointing and outdated" due to weak writing.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-17 |title=Bad Boy Karthik Review and Rating |url=https://www.sakshipost.com/news/entertainment/bad-boy-karthik-review-and-rating-478847 |access-date=2026-04-27 |website=Sakshi Post |language=en}}</ref> Satya Pulagam of ''[[ABP Desam]]'' rated it 1 out of 5.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pulagam |first=Satya |date=2026-04-17 |title='బ్యాడ్ బాయ్ కార్తీక్' రివ్యూ: బాబోయ్... మరీ అంత బ్యాడా? నాగశౌర్య సినిమాను చూడలేమా? |url=https://telugu.abplive.com/movie-review/entertainment/movie-review-bad-boy-karthik-review-in-telugu-starring-naga-shaurya-sridevi-vijaykumar-samuthirakani-action-drama-critics-review-rating-244596 |access-date=2026-04-25 |website=ABP Desam |language=te}}</ref><br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2026 action comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:2026 directorial debut films]]<br />
[[Category:2026 films]]<br />
[[Category:2026 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:2026 Telugu-language films]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by Harris Jayaraj]]<br />
[[Category:Films set in Visakhapatnam]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot at Ramoji Film City]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Hyderabad, India]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Visakhapatnam]]<br />
[[Category:Indian action comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:Telugu-language action comedy films]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samaikyandhra_movement&diff=532197Samaikyandhra movement2026-05-04T14:49:52Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding The Info W/ Infobox</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Political movement opposing the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}<br />
{{cleanup|reason=Wikipedia is not a news website: far too much of this article is reportage|date=August 2013}}<br />
<br />
'''Samaikya Andhra Movement''' ('''United Andhra Movement''') was a movement organized to keep the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh united, and to prevent the [[Secession|division]] of the state - separating the [[Telangana]] districts of the state into a separate Telangana state.<ref>{{cite news|title=Samaikhya Andhra stir continues|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/samaikhya-andhra-stir-continues/article118577.ece|access-date=2013-07-12|newspaper=The Hindu|date=2009-12-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=2 Samaikhya Andhra activists commit suicide|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/2-Samaikhya-Andhra-activists-commit-suicide/articleshow/5345763.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060446/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-17/hyderabad/28087143_1_suicide-note-agitations-samaikhya-andhra|url-status=live|archive-date=2013-09-21|access-date=2013-07-12|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=2009-12-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Parties firm on 'Samaikhya Andhra'|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/parties-firm-on-samaikhya-andhra/article116790.ece|access-date=2013-07-12|newspaper=The Hindu|date=2009-12-14}}</ref> <br />
The movement was supported by government employees, advocates in [[Coastal Andhra]] & [[Rayalaseema]] regions along with students from 14 universities, various occupational, caste & religious groups of [[Coastal Andhra]] & [[Rayalaseema]] regions.<ref>{{cite news|title=Samaikyandhra Students' JAC meet|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/samaikyandhra-students-jac-meet/article4314639.ece|access-date=2013-07-12|newspaper=The Hindu|date=2013-01-07}}</ref> The last set of protests were triggered after the [[Congress Working Committee]] decision to divide the state came to an end after [[President of India]] gave nod to [[Telangana]] Bill which would make the latter to come into existence from 2 June 2014.<br />
<br />
[[File:Andhra Pradesh districts map.svg|right|thumb|upright=1.35|Andhra Pradesh with 23 districts]]<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
The movement took shape on 9 December 2009, when as a result of an 11-day fast by [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]] (TRS) president [[Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao|K Chandrashekar Rao]] (KCR), Union Home Minister [[P. Chidambaram]] announced that the Indian government would start the process of forming a separate [[Telangana]] state pending the introduction and passage of a separation resolution in the Andhra Pradesh assembly. The announcement resulted in widespread protests across [[Coastal Andhra]] and [[Rayalseema]] regions.<br />
<br />
[[Lagadapati Rajagopal]] began an hunger strike demanding that the state be kept united, his shocking dramatic "escape" from the hospital in Vijayawada to the State capital, he said he had come to the Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS),He called off his fake deeksha in the presence of reporters and immediately afterwards, said he would undertake another fast-untodeath in Visakhapatnam if the Centre didn't come out with a solution acceptable to all. though his strike didn't receive much support. Leaders and activists of Seemandhra political parties and several elected representatives and leaders of the Congress went on one day hunger strikes extending their support to the cause.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/12/17/stories/2009121751920300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004222928/http://www.hindu.com/2009/12/17/stories/2009121751920300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-10-04 |title= Groundswell of support for Lagadapati |date=2009-12-17 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
<br />
Students, workers, lawyers & various organizations in the regions launched agitations and peaceful demonstrations (dharnas) demanding that the state be kept united.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/12/19/stories/2009121952620300.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222221621/http://www.hindu.com/2009/12/19/stories/2009121952620300.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=22 December 2009 | location=Chennai, India | work=[[The Hindu]] | title=Samaikhya Andhra stir continues | date=19 December 2009}}</ref> MPs from these regions also submitted their resignations in protest seeking a reversal of the home minister's statement.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/hyderabad/aicc-report-says-ysr-did-not-favour-t-state-277 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101221011907/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/hyderabad/aicc-report-says-ysr-did-not-favour-t-state-277 |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 December 2010 |title= AICC report says YSR did not favour T state |work=Deccan Chronicle |location=India |access-date=20 December 2010 |date= 20 December 2010}}</ref> Two activists also allegedly committed suicide in protest against the division of the state.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/2-Samaikhya-Andhra-activists-commit-suicide/articleshow/5345763.cms | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060446/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-17/hyderabad/28087143_1_suicide-note-agitations-samaikhya-andhra | url-status=live | archive-date=21 September 2013 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=2 Samaikhya Andhra activists commit suicide | date=17 December 2009}}</ref><br />
<br />
TDP leaders including MLAs [[Uma Maheswara Rao Devineni|Devineni Uma]] and [[Paritala Sunitha]], who were on a fast-unto-death as an act of protest in Vijayawada, Ananthapur, Guntur, Ongole etc. were arrested and forcibly shifted by the police to hospitals. In Kadapa, [[Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy|Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy (YSR)]]'s brother and [[Vidhan Parishad|Member of Legislative Council]] (MLC) [[Y. S. Vivekananda Reddy]] also fasted in support of united Andhra accompanied by his wife and followers who sat on a relay hunger strike. Another Congress leader who was fasting was also forcibly taken to hospital.<br />
<br />
At [[Sri Venkateswara University]], actor [[Mohan Babu]] sat on a day-long fast in the campus expressing solidarity with the students who were already on a hunger strike.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/article66438.ece |title=Mohan Babu pitches for unified State |work=The Hindu |date=2009-12-17 |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
<br />
On 23 December, keeping in view the reactions of people of other regions, the [[Government of India]] announced that no action on Telangana will be taken until a consensus is reached by all parties and groups in the state.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article69617.ece | location=Chennai, India |work=The Hindu |title=Telangana: Text of Home Minister's statement | date=23 December 2009}}</ref> Samaikyandhra movement proponents continued the movement demanding a clear stand from the central government that the state will remain united and will not be divided. On 3 February 2010, the government announced a five-member committee headed by former Supreme Court judge [[B. N. Srikrishna|Justice Srikrishna]] to look into the issue.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/242/20100203/1334/tnl-govt-constitutes-5-member-expert-com.html |title=Govt constitutes 5-member expert committee on Telangana&nbsp;– Yahoo!! India News |publisher=Yahoo! News |access-date=2010-09-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100206220635/http://in.news.yahoo.com/242/20100203/1334/tnl-govt-constitutes-5-member-expert-com.html |archive-date=2010-02-06 }}</ref><br />
It also announced Terms of Reference<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=57801|title=Untitled Page}}</ref> to the Srikrishna Committee, with a deadline of 31 December 2010 to submit its report.<br />
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==Concerns of Protestors==<br />
=== Historical ===<br />
Proponents of the cause call the very coining of two words (Telanganites and Andhrites) to describe the Telugu speaking people who live between the Krishna and [[Godavari River|Godavari river]] as the result of an emotionally painful loss of wars to foreign kingdoms and a reminder of the destruction of a glorious era in Telugu history. The fall of the unified Telugu kingdoms of Krishna Deva Raya to the Bahminis, the fall of Mussunuri kingdom to the Turks and the Vijaya Rama Kingdom to the British are seen as historical failures of the Telugu people.<br />
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=== Hyderabad ===<br />
{{prose|section|date=January 2025}}<br />
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'''Capital:''' Since the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]] loses [[Hyderabad]] if Telangana gets divided, the people of the former region expressed concerns over the lack of a proper capital to their state.<br />
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'''Revenue:''' Proponents of the Samaikyandhra Movement argue that a division of the state will be detrimental to the other regions as majority of the state's revenue comes from the capital Hyderabad and the proper development and implementation of welfare programs in the Andhra Pradesh state would not be possible along with the establishment of a new capital.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130119/news-current-affairs/article/state-bifurcation-not-possible-mp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130315073321/http://deccanchronicle.com/130119/news-current-affairs/article/state-bifurcation-not-possible-mp |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 March 2013 |title=State bifurcation not possible: MP |publisher=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |date=2013-01-19 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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'''Employment & Education:''' Students feel that in case of a division, youth of the [[Coastal Andhra]] and [[Rayalaseema]] will be denied many education and employment opportunities, especially from Hyderabad.<ref name="deccanchronicle1">{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130125/news-politics/article/educational-bandh-total-peaceful |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129072750/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130125/news-politics/article/educational-bandh-total-peaceful |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 January 2013 |title=Educational bandh total, peaceful |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |date=2013-01-25 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref> Medical students also fear that since 85 per cent of super specialty course seats were allotted to colleges in Telangana, students from other regions may not be able to pursue important PG courses like cardiology.<ref name="Deccan Chronicle">{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130819/news-current-affairs/article/teachers-stir-pot |title=Teachers to stir the pot |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130822130750/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130819/news-current-affairs/article/teachers-stir-pot |archive-date=2013-08-22}}</ref><br />
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'''Water:''' Division of the state, they argue, would also result in water problems in Coastal Andhra & Rayalaseema since Telangana is on the upstream of Krishna & Godavari rivers.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/jac-to-take-samaikyandhra-movement-to-people/article694467.ece |title=JAC to take 'Samaikyandhra' movement to people |work=[[The Hindu]]|date=2010-01-31 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref> Farmers & water-users associations express fear that division of the state would render upland areas in Krishna delta into a desert and force farmers to migrate as daily wage earners.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130816/news-current-affairs/article/farmers-unsafe-division |title=Farmers unsafe with division |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925003431/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130816/news-current-affairs/article/farmers-unsafe-division |archive-date=2013-09-25}}</ref> According to water experts, the [[Polavaram Project]] could take up to 15 years for completion and due to the state division its reservoir would be located in Telangana region which could further intensify the already existing interstate disputes over the project.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/131002/news-current-affairs/article/farmers-vow-sacrifice-life |title=Farmers vow to sacrifice life |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005021316/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/131002/news-current-affairs/article/farmers-vow-sacrifice-life |archive-date=2013-10-05}}</ref><br />
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'''Safety & Security in Hyderabad:''' People in Coastal Andhra & Rayalaseema regions express worries about the safety of their friends and relatives who have settled in the state capital, Hyderabad and the fear that they would be considered ‘non-locals’ in their own state. They also said that they are not ready to lose Hyderabad since they opined, they had contributed more for the development of Hyderabad.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130828/news-current-affairs/article/insecurity-fuels-protests |title=Insecurity fuels protests |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004234155/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130828/news-current-affairs/article/insecurity-fuels-protests |archive-date=2013-10-04}}</ref><br />
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==Sri Krishna Committee Report==<br />
{{main|Srikrishna committee on Telangana}}<br />
The [[Srikrishna committee on Telangana|five member committee]] headed by Justice B.N. Sri Krishna toured all the regions of state extensively and invited people from all sections of the society to give their opinion on the statehood. It received over one lakh petitions and representations from political parties, organisations, NGOs and individuals. It also held consultations with political parties and general public while also factoring in the impact of recent developments on different sections of people such as women, children, students, minorities, Other Backward Classes, [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/article948053.ece|title=Justice Srikrishna panel to visit Hyderabad to meet leaders|last=PTI|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-05-04|language=en}}</ref> In a report submitted to the [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Home Ministry]] of India on 30 December 2010, the committee opted to keep the State united and favored for bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh.<br />
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Samaikhyandhra proponents were against the report and recommended option.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/article1065119.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Samaikyandhra JAC endorses 6th option | date=2011-01-08}}</ref> Telangana leaders accepted the recommendations of the Sri Krishna Committee Report and insisted on the formation of a separate Telangana State with Hyderabad as its capital.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/separate-telangana-state-only-solution-kcr-77677%20 |title=Separate Telangana state only solution: KCR |publisher=NDTV |date=2011-01-07 |access-date=2011-10-12}}</ref><br />
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==Protests in 2010==<br />
In January, in [[Krishna District]] activists stopped trains at various railway stations and resorted to road blockades at some places. As many as 46 trains were "detained" for duration ranging between 2 minutes and 45 minutes at various stations in the Vijayawada division of the South Central Railway. However, no damage to railway properties was reported. MLAs from Congress & TDP participated in the agitation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/01/06/stories/2010010652520300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100110104252/http://www.hindu.com/2010/01/06/stories/2010010652520300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2010-01-10 |title= Agitation affects transport services |date=2010-01-06 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref> A government teacher in Tirupati reportedly committed suicide for the cause of the united state leaving a note behind which mentioned that he was saddened by the bandhs strikes and other endeavors being undertaken to split the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.fullhyderabad.com/hyderabad-news/united-andhra-pradesh-movement-suicide-in-tirupati-235.html |title=United Andhra Pradesh Movement: Suicide In Tirupati |publisher=News.fullhyderabad.com |date=2010-01-25 |access-date=2013-08-04}}</ref><br />
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In February, the Samaikyandhra Medical Joint Action Committee in its inaugural session at [[Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh|Tirupati]] accused P. Chidambaram of ‘conspiring’ to weaken Andhra Pradesh by allegedly encouraging bifurcation of the unified State into 2 separate states. They said that his stand against bifurcation of Tamil Nadu & Andhra Pradesh shows his double standards and his ‘conspiracy’ as a Tamil Nadu politician to weaken Andhra Pradesh by breaking the State into two and thereby put deliberate brakes on its fast-track development recorded especially during the last 15 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/02/08/stories/2010020852600300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105120357/http://www.hindu.com/2010/02/08/stories/2010020852600300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-11-05 |title= Chidambaram accused of 'conspiracy' |date=2010-02-08 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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In September, members of the Samaikyandhra All Universities JAC blocked the State Highway in Visakhapatnam district in protest against the allegations made by a student from [[Warangal]] that he was beaten up by some locals after he joined at a B.Ed. college here. The student had not attended classes but made the false allegation and also went on a fast in Warangal to which the TRS MLAs extended support, the JAC said.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/09/21/stories/2010092160710300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100924233941/http://www.hindu.com/2010/09/21/stories/2010092160710300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2010-09-24 |title= Student JAC holds up traffic |date=2010-09-21 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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In November, on the eve of the state formation day on 1 November, the students JAC warned separatist forces against continuing to ignite passions of people. A statue of [[Potti Sriramulu]] in Tirupati was flooded with garlands as parties and movements of all hues converged to express their strong sentiments advocating the cause of unified Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/02/stories/2010110255810300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004215200/http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/02/stories/2010110255810300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-10-04 |title= Unity slogan at Formation Day |date=2010-11-02 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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==Protests in 2011==<br />
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In February, Students in [[Ongole]], under the banner of Samaikya Andhra Rashtra Vidyardhi Joint Action Committee (SARVJAC), protested against the film [[Jai Bolo Telangana]] by viewing the film with flowers in their ears. The film portrayed the [[Telangana]] history and the agitation for statehood. The SARVJAC members took exception to the film's content and scenes, and described it as an attempt to hoodwink the people. They warned the director not to make film that fan regional passions. They also said that actor Jagapathi Babu would not be allowed to enter Seemandhra if he continued to act in such films.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/02/05/stories/2011020556380400.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110208162443/http://www.hindu.com/2011/02/05/stories/2011020556380400.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2011-02-08 |title= 'Jai Bolo Telangana' hits the screens; protests in Ongole |date=2011-02-05 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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In March, Leaders of Samaikyandhra Parirakshana Samithi performed ‘palabhishekam,' at the statue of Gurram Jashua in Nagarampalam and at the statue of Annamaya protesting against the desecration of statues of eminent Telugu personalities by pro-Telangana forces at Tank Bund during the [[Early 2011 Telangana protests#Million March 2011|Million March]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/protests-continue-against-desecration-of-statues/article1531238.ece |title=Protests continue against desecration of statues |work=The Hindu |date=2011-03-12 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref> In Vijayawada, a rally was taken out by the activists of Jana Vignana Vedika along with members of other cultural and literary organisations. They carried the pictures of eminent litterateurs Sri Sri, Tripuraneni Ramaswamy Chowdary, Annamayya and Kuchipudi exponent Siddhendra Yogi and decried the desecration of their statues, saying they did not belong to any one region or group. Media persons with the banner of AP Union of Working Journalists (Krishna urban unit) took out another rally and staged a dharna at sub-collector's office. Decrying the attacks on media persons and damaging of equipment belonging to various media houses, the journalists said the leadership of [[Telangana movement]] must accept responsibility for the incidents.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/03/12/stories/2011031262460300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110919165241/http://www.hindu.com/2011/03/12/stories/2011031262460300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2011-09-19 |title= Rallies, silent marches mark protests against desecration of statues |date=2011-03-12 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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In July, hundreds of women activists of the Women Joint Action Committee today took out a rally in [[Kadapa]] in favour of United State Samaikyandhra and raised slogans in support of a united state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/pro-united-ap-women-activists-take-out-rally-in-kadapa/759349.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130712055119/http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/pro-united-ap-women-activists-take-out-rally-in-kadapa/759349.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-07-12 |title=Pro United AP women activists take out rally in Kadapa |publisher=CNN IBN |date=2011-07-20 |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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In October, reacting to the [[Late 2011 Telangana protests#Sakala Janula Samme|Sakala Janula Samme]] carried out by the Telangana JAC, congress MLAs pointed out that while the richer sections were not affected, those in the bottom half of the economic strata were the worst-affected. The I-Max theatres and Telangana-based institutions continued their operations while others are made to suffer heavily, they deplored.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/article2530682.ece |title=Congress MLAs ask TEJAC to call off stir |work=The Hindu |date=2011-10-12 |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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On 21 October, a seminar was organised by the Rayalaseema Hakkula Ikya Vedika in [[Kurnool]] which was attended by Vedika president [[T G Venkatesh]], 24 MLAs and 4 MLCs from the Congress, TDP and YSR Congress Party. The leaders passed a resolution asking the Centre to keep Andhra Pradesh integrated and warned of serious consequences if the Centre decides in favour of the [[formation of Telangana]]. The speakers said that the people of Rayalaseema have made several sacrifices for the formation of Andhra Pradesh, and that they had even compromised on the state capital being shifted to Hyderabad from Kurnool.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.fullhyderabad.com/hyderabad-news/samaikyandhra-movement-rayalaseema-leaders-oppose-ap-bifurcation-5417.html |title=Samaikyandhra Movement: Rayalaseema Leaders Oppose AP Bifurcation |publisher=News.fullhyderabad.com |date=2011-10-22 |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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On 1 November, the formation day of the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]], Samaikyandhra protagonists in [[Vijayawada]] reiterated their commitment to keep the State united by paying floral tributes to [[Potti Sriramulu]], whose life sacrifice led to formation of Andhra state from Tamil Nadu in 1953 and later formed as Andhra Pradesh in 1956 on linguistic basis. At a meeting organised by the SARVJAC, representatives of State government employees, teachers and lawyers vowed to make any sacrifice to prevent any move to divide the state. Cultural programmes were organised to highlight the rich cultural heritage of Telugu people on the occasion.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/article2591164.ece |title=Samaikyandhra protagonists vow to keep State united |work=The Hindu |date=2011-11-02 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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==Protests in 2012==<br />
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In August, the Student JAC warned that it will revive the agitation if the Centre does not come out with a strong message on keeping the State united. At a meeting held on the premises of Acharya Nagarjuna University attended by representatives from 14 universities in Coastal and Rayalaseema regions the activists demanded that the Centre make its stand clear on the Telangana issue and clear the uncertainty in the State.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/samaikyandhra-jac-threatens-stir/article3815455.ece |title=Samaikyandhra JAC threatens stir |work=The Hindu |date=2012-08-24 |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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From 18 Octobter 2012 till 4 August 2013 [[Y. S. Sharmila]] toured 14 districts to drive home her point that Andhra Pradesh was one single unit and should not be partitioned.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/sharmilas-padayatra-draws-crowds/article4010369.ece|title=Sharmila's padayatra draws crowds|author=Ravi Reddy, M. V. Subramanyam|work=The Hindu|date=19 October 2012|access-date=9 January 2024}}</ref><br />
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On 9 December, the anniversary of the Union government's statement in 2009, the Samaikya Andhra Rashtra Vidyarthi Joint Action Committee (Sarvjac) organized protests against moves to grant statehood to Telangana and remembered the day as Vidroha Dinam ''(betrayal day)''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/121207/news-current-affairs/article/%E2%80%98vidroha-dinam%E2%80%99-be-observed |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121208052634/http://deccanchronicle.com/121207/news-current-affairs/article/%E2%80%98vidroha-dinam%E2%80%99-be-observed |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 December 2012 |title='Vidroha Dinam' to be observed |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |date=2012-12-07 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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On 28 December, leaders of the Samaikyandhra Parirakshna Samithi met in Vijayawada and warned of serious problems if a separate Telangana state was formed. They also expressed anger at Telangana leaders for their alleged inciting statements. Some educational institutions in Guntur remained closed today in response to the bandh call given by the Samaikyandhra student JAC and demonstrations were held.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.chennaionline.com/newsitem.aspx?NEWSID=43807f48-9705-4fa5-a4cb-ee027ecd5c97=South |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610212134/http://news.chennaionline.com/newsitem.aspx?NEWSID=43807f48-9705-4fa5-a4cb-ee027ecd5c97=South |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 June 2015 |title=Samaikyandhra leaders warn of backlash if state is bifurcated |publisher=Chennaionline News |date=2012-12-28 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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==Protests in 2013==<br />
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In the run-up to the one-month deadline, when the home minister was to announce a decision on the division of state, several political leaders and organizations met him to demand that the state be kept united.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130122/jsp/nation/story_16470922.jsp#.UREUEB03vEg | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125041100/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130122/jsp/nation/story_16470922.jsp#.UREUEB03vEg | url-status=dead | archive-date=25 January 2013 | location=Calcutta, India | work=The Telegraph | first=Nishit | last=Dholabhai | title=Cabinet told of Telangana domino effect Bengal, NE on ministry mind | date=22 January 2013}}</ref><br />
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On 10 January, Students led by Samaikyandhra Joint Action Committee picketed in front of [[Guntur]] MP [[Rayapati Sambasiva Rao]]'s house urging him to take a strong stand for a united state.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/students-picket-rayapatis-house-over-united-state/article4295430.ece | date=2013-01-11|access-date=2013-07-12 | title=Students picket Rayapati's house over united State}}</ref><br />
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On 18 January, leaders of the Samaikyandra students JAC were arrested near [[Public Gardens, Hyderabad|Public Gardens]] in Hyderabad when they tried to hold a meeting at the venue.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.timesofap.com/politics/-samaikya-andhra-students-arrested-in-hyd_54392.html |title=Samaikya Andhra students Arrested in Hyd |publisher=Timesofap |date=2013-01-18 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref> Samaikyandhra JAC leaders also raided houses of MLAs in the Coastal Andhra & Rayalaseema regions demanding them to resign and prevail on the central government to keep the state united.<ref>{{cite news|agency=DHNS |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/306684/t-talksysrc-legislator-forced-resign.html |title=T-talks:YSRC legislator forced to resign |publisher=[[Deccan Herald]] |date=2013-01-21 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref> Students under the banner of the Samaikyandhra Vidyarthi Joint Action Committee (SVJAC) held rallies urging the Centre to come out with a clear-cut announcement for keeping the State united. Any delay, according to them, was affecting the development in the State and the future of youth and others sections of rayalaseema and coastal area people.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/samaikyandhra-activists-ask-centre-to-end-uncertainty/article4346103.ece |date=2013-01-26|access-date=2013-07-12 | title=Samaikyandhra activists ask Centre to end uncertainty}}</ref><br />
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On 22 January, 4,673 active advocates practising in the 38 courts across [[Visakhapatnam]] district abstained from work as per the call given by the bar association took out a protest rally carrying placards asking the Central government to maintain status quo in the state.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130124/news-current-affairs/article/lawyers-boycott-courts-join-stir |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129074817/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130124/news-current-affairs/article/lawyers-boycott-courts-join-stir |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 January 2013 |title=Lawyers boycott courts, join stir |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |date=2013-01-24 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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On 25 January, Students and teachers of unaided schools and colleges took out rallies in [[Kadapa district|Kadapa]] and [[Anantapur district|Anantapur]] demanding a categorical announcement from the central government that the state will not be bifurcated.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/students-take-out-samaikyandhra-rally/article4341579.ece | title=Students take out Samaikyandhra rally|date=2013-01-25|access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref> They also laid siege to Hindupur MP Nimmala Kistappa and demanded his resignation. Advocates staged protested at [[Kurnool]] and [[Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh|Anantapur]] by boycotting courts. Members of Kurnool Bar Association and Anantapur Bar Associations took out rallies in protest against proposals of separate [[Telangana]] state.<ref name="deccanchronicle1"/><br />
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In [[Rajahmundry]], a meeting organised by local Congress MP [[Vundavalli Aruna Kumar]] and attended by 11 ministers resolved to urge the Union Government not to bifurcate the state. Vundavalli remarked that "The youngsters who died during [[Telangana agitation]] are also our children and we are not interested to see their sacrifices. We don’t allow KCR to continue his cheap gimmicks for political mileage". He said that the TRS should stop whipping up regional passions in the name of a movement.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/article1436252.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106112227/http://newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/article1436252.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 November 2013 |title=AP needs to stay united: Vundavalli |publisher=The New Indian Express |date=2013-01-26 |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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On 27 January, activists of the Samaikyandhra JAC gheraoed the state Minister for Minor Irrigation [[T G Venkatesh]], in Anantapur demanding that he resign in support of the Samaikyandhra movement. He said that the Union Government as well as the Congress government in the State were committed towards formation of a second SRC as was mentioned in the Congress manifesto.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/samaikyandhra-jac-gheraos-minister/article4352074.ece |title=Samaikyandhra JAC gheraos Minister |work=The Hindu |date=2013-01-28 |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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In June 2013, Samaikyandhra JAC activists protesting BJP's stand on the state division issue were attacked by BJP activists, when they tried to enter a meeting at the townhall in [[Nellore]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130629/news-politics/article/bjp-men-attack-samaikyandhra-cadre-4-hurt-0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104065816/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130629/news-politics/article/bjp-men-attack-samaikyandhra-cadre-4-hurt-0 |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 November 2013 |title=BJP men attack Samaikyandhra cadre; 4 hurt |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |date=2013-06-29 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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Union Tourism Minister [[Chiranjeevi]], whose previous party [[Praja Rajyam Party|Praja Rajyam]] supported the united state stand before its merger with Congress, reiterated that personally he was still in favour of the untied state but will abide by whatever the Congress high command decides.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/i-am-in-favour-of-united-andhra-says-chiranjeevi/1126166/ |title=I am in favour of united Andhra, says Chiranjeevi |publisher=Indian Express |date=2013-06-07 |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Congress Core Committee Meeting===<br />
<br />
On 1 July, Congress party's in-charge of the state, [[Digvijaya Singh (politician)|Digvijay Singh]] said that party is at the final stages of taking decision on [[Telangana]] issue. He also directed state chief minister, deputy chief minister and state party president (they represent assembly constituencies in [[Rayalaseema]], [[Telangana]] and [[Coastal Andhra]] regions respectively) to furnish a roadmap, keeping both options open, that could help lead to a decision.<ref>{{cite web|title=Decision on Telangana issue is final stage: Digvijaya|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Decision-on-Telangana-issue-is-final-stage-Digvijaya/articleshow/20862496.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705025120/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-07-01/india/40306607_1_telangana-issue-digvijaya-singh-final-stage|url-status=live|archive-date=5 July 2013|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=July 2013 |access-date=7 July 2013}}</ref><br />
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Amidst reports of the central government reportedly moving towards a decision on the Telangana issue, 4 MLAs & 2 MLCs belonging to the Congress, [[YSR Congress Party|YSR Congress Party (YSRCP)]] & TDP tendered token resignations to protest against division of the state.<ref>{{cite news|first=Shiva Shankar |last=BV |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-07-08/hyderabad/40442292_1_telangana-congress-rayalaseema-ysr-congress |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712023037/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-07-08/hyderabad/40442292_1_telangana-congress-rayalaseema-ysr-congress |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-07-12 |title=Six Rayalseema legislators 'quit' over Telangana move |date=2013-07-08 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref> SVJAC activists also submitted a representation to Digvijaya Singh not to divide the State after several committees set up had not decided against creation of [[Telangana]]. They expressed apprehension that Rayalaseema and Coastal areas would face water and power problems and would slip into backwardness with lands turning into desert. Small states would also lead to problems of Naxalism, JAC State convener D.V. Krishna Yadav and others said in a statement.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/digvijay-feels-samaikyandhra-heat/article4869180.ece |title=Digvijay feels Samaikyandhra heat |work=The Hindu |date=2013-07-01 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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In a meeting on 5 July in [[Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh|Anantapur]], Samaikyandhra JAC decided to hold a large number of meetings in various districts to exert pressure against dividing the state.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130705/news-current-affairs/article/samaikyandhra-jac-plans-demo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104080652/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130705/news-current-affairs/article/samaikyandhra-jac-plans-demo |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 November 2013 |title=Samaikyandhra JAC plans demo |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |date=2013-07-05 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref> A large number of activists from the Samaikyandhra JAC took out a rally at Dharmavaram in Anantapur district. In a related development, Union minister of state for Railways [[Kotla Jayasurya Prakasha Reddy]] met Digvijay Singh and represented to him that state should be kept united.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130709/news-politics/article/samaikyandhra-agitation-rocks-rayalaseema-region |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130713050706/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130709/news-politics/article/samaikyandhra-agitation-rocks-rayalaseema-region |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 July 2013 |title=Samaikyandhra agitation rocks Rayalaseema region |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |date=2013-07-09 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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In [[Visakhapatnam]], activists of the Samaikya Andhra Porata Samithi (SAPS) staged a protest and appealed to MP [[Daggubati Purandeswari|Purandeswari]] by sending her an Ashada Masa gift of turmeric, kumkum, bananas, sweetmeats and a saree (usually presented by brothers to married sisters during Ashada Masam) through parcel services. They also sent a Kamandala and Vibhoodhi (holy ash) to [[T. Subbarami Reddy]], indirectly urging him to take up the issue seriously or be prepared for political exile. The activists also threatened to lay siege on their houses in Vizag, if they failed to respond positively to their cause for a united Andhra. SAPS state president GA Narayana Rao alleged that the two leaders were neither lobbying for united Andhra in Delhi with the Congress high command nor were they meeting with Seemandhra leaders to express their support to the cause. A group of activists also burnt an effigy of the state government at Andhra University even as another group of activists conducted a meeting of intellectuals supporting the united Andhra cause. While at the intellectuals meet held at the public library, a majority of speakers opposed the government's attitude toward bifurcation, they said they would not accept a division of the state.<ref>{{cite news|agency=TNN |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-07-10/visakhapatnam/40491653_1_andhra-university-samaikyandhra-samaikhyandhra |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806003103/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-07-10/visakhapatnam/40491653_1_andhra-university-samaikyandhra-samaikhyandhra |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-08-06 |title=Samaikhyandhra movement gathers pace in Port City |date=2013-07-10 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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In [[Vijayawada]], a meeting was organized under the leadership of Lagadapati Rajagopal which was attended by Union minister J D Seelam who asserted their stand in keeping the state united.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/union-minister-bats-for-united-state/article4891234.ece |title=Union Minister bats for United State |work=The Hindu |date=2013-07-07 |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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In [[Guntur]], Students JAC called for educational institutions bandh to protest the arrest of JAC leaders during the visit of Union minister Kavuri Sambasiva Rao. Another MP, Rayapati launched a signature campaign organized by the [[Acharya Nagarjuna University]] students. A large number of students from local colleges participated in the signature campaign and warned that they would not hesitate to sacrifice their lives if the state was split into two.<ref>{{cite news|agency=TNN |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-07-08/hyderabad/40442612_1_union-minister-union-cabinet-jac-leaders |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925132239/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-07-08/hyderabad/40442612_1_union-minister-union-cabinet-jac-leaders |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-09-25 |title=Bandh for educational institutions in Guntur |date=2013-07-08 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|agency=TNN |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-07-06/hyderabad/40407012_1_congress-mps-signature-campaign-seemandhra-region |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712012428/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-07-06/hyderabad/40407012_1_congress-mps-signature-campaign-seemandhra-region |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-07-12 |title=United Andhra agitation gains pace |date=2013-07-06 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2013-07-11}}</ref><br />
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In [[Ongole]], Student activists laid a siege to the house of Congress MLA B.N.Vijaykumar demanding his resignation for the cause of united Andhra Pradesh. Ahead of the 12 July meeting of Congress core committee, which is expected to discuss the vexed [[Telangana]] state formation issue, the students insisted that the legislator put in his papers to put pressure on the Centre to avert the division of the state at any cost.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/mla-faces-samaikyandhra-heat/article4903991.ece |title=MLA faces Samaikyandhra heat |work=The Hindu |date=2013-07-11 |access-date=2013-07-12}}</ref><br />
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In [[Srikakulam]], activists conducted rallies and formed human chains in the district asking the Congress not to take any decision in favour of [[Telangana]] State formation saying that it would affect the interests of backward areas such as Srikakulam. Agitators staged a protest in front of the house of Union Minister of State for Communications and Technology [[Killi Krupa Rani]] at Tekkali asking her to make a statement in favour of United Andhra Pradesh.<ref name="thehindu1">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/united-ap-agitators-stage-protest-at-kruparanis-house/article4911673.ece |title=United AP agitators stage protest at Kruparani's house |work=The Hindu |date=2013-07-13 |access-date=2013-08-04}}</ref><br />
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In Tirupati, students of various educational institutes took out a massive rally and formed a human chain at the busy town club circle while advocates decided to boycott their duties. In a meeting jointly convened by SAPS and Sri Venkateswara University Teachers Association (SVUTA) intellectuals strongly opposed the state bifurcation saying that they have already sacrificed two state capital cities Chennai and Kurnool during the formation of Andhra State and Andhra Pradesh State respectively and that they are not ready to sacrifice another capital city Hyderabad.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/United-state-demand-gains-momentum-in-Tirupati-Chittoor/2013/07/11/article1677581.ece1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715042803/http://newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/United-state-demand-gains-momentum-in-Tirupati-Chittoor/2013/07/11/article1677581.ece1 |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 July 2013 |title=United state demand gains momentum in Tirupati, Chittoor |publisher=The New Indian Express |date=2013-07-11 |access-date=2013-08-04}}</ref><br />
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In [[Delhi]], activist peacefully stood outside [[Digvijaya Singh]]'s residence with posters carrying message of unity is strength and many like that.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newsexpressonline.com/News-Story.aspx?id=Ek3kK3MyuQZkwyOSBBqJNw==|title=People demand United Andhra outside Dwigvijay Singh's residence |publisher=Newsexpressonline.com |date=2013-07-12 |access-date=2013-08-04}}</ref><br />
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On 11 July the state chief minister, deputy chief minister and state party president presented their views in the Congress core committee meeting, post which it was announced that a decision will be taken by the [[Congress Working Committee]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Crucial meet on Telangana today|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/crucial-meet-on-telangana-today/article4905359.ece|work=The Hindu|date=11 July 2013|access-date=12 July 2013|last1=Gupta|first1=Smita}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130712/news-current-affairs/article/congress-core-committee-meet-ends-telangana-issue-referred|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715144652/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130712/news-current-affairs/article/congress-core-committee-meet-ends-telangana-issue-referred|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 July 2013|title=Congress Core Committee meet ends, Telangana issue referred to Congress Working Committee |publisher=Deccan Chronicle|date=2009-12-09 |access-date=2013-07-31}}</ref><br />
<br />
==2013==<br />
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===CWC Resolution on Telangana===<br />
On 30 July, [[Indian National Congress]] party working committee unanimously passed a party resolution for the creation of a Telangana state. It was formally announced that the party would request the Central government to take steps in accordance with the [[Constitution of India]] to form a separate state of [[Telangana]] within a definite time frame. [[Andhra Pradesh]] and the newly formed [[Telangana]] state would share the current capital city [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]] as the common capital city for a period of 10 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/congress-gives-nod-telangana-set-to-be-a-separate-state_865388.html |title=Congress gives nod to Telangana; Hyderabad to be joint capital |publisher=Zee News |date=2013-07-31 |access-date=2013-08-04}}</ref> The [[Indian National Congress]] party also announced that all the concerns of people from remaining regions regarding sharing of water & power resources will be addressed. TRS welcomed the decision and said that their party is fine with Hyderabad being the joint capital.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/hyderabad-joint-capital-as-ap-to-be-split-into-telangana-seemandhra/410704-62-127.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130802102818/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/hyderabad-joint-capital-as-ap-to-be-split-into-telangana-seemandhra/410704-62-127.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-08-02 |title=Hyderabad joint capital as AP to be split into Telangana, Seemandhra |publisher=CNN IBN |date=2013-07-30 |access-date=2013-08-04}}</ref><br />
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{{Infobox civil conflict<br />
| title = 2013 United Andhra Movement<br />
| partof = Samaikyandhra Movement<br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| date = 30 July 2013 – 20 February 2014<br />
| place = 13 districts of [[Coastal Andhra]] & [[Rayalaseema]]<br />
| coordinates = <br />
| causes = Oppose the decision of Congress Working Committee to divide the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
| goals = Stop division of [[Andhra Pradesh]]; [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]] for all<br />
| methods = [[Strike action]], [[Procession]], ''One Lakh Voices'' protests, [[Bandh]], [[Raasta roko]], [[Gherao]], [[Hartal]], [[Human chain (politics)|Human Chain]], [[Suicide]] and other unique and innovative<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/innovative-protests-the-order-of-the-day/article5170715.ece|title = Innovative protests the order of the day|newspaper = The Hindu|date = 26 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/protesters-go-innovative-for-samaikyandhra/article5174193.ece|title=Protesters go innovative for Samaikyandhra|newspaper=The Hindu|date=27 September 2013}}</ref> forms of protests| status = Ended<br />
| result = <br />
| side1 = <br />
| side2 = <br />
| side3 = <br />
| leadfigures1 = <br />
| leadfigures2 = <br />
| leadfigures3 = <br />
| howmany1 = <br />
| howmany2 = <br />
| howmany3 = <br />
| casualties1 = <br />
| casualties2 = <br />
| casualties3 = <br />
| fatalities =<br />
| injuries =<br />
| arrests = 221<br />
| detentions =<br />
| casualties_label = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
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===Public Protests Aftermath===<br />
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The decision to create a separate state triggered protests across the Coastal Andhra & Rayalaseema regions and by several government employee unions in Hyderabad. There were bandhs, blocking highways and roads, sporadic protests by students JAC, the NGOs (the non-gazetted government employees) and other sections of the public. Protesters raised slogans expressing their ire at the Congress president [[Sonia Gandhi]] and burnt effigies of Sonia Gandhi and KCR.<br />
In [[Vizianagaram]], a home guard committed suicide in protest against the decision and another death, of a student, was reported from Guntur over the same issue. [[Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation|APSRTC]] employees union, AP Government Doctors Association, Lawyers condemned bifurcation of the State and went round the court premises holding banners demanding that the Government keep the State unified.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/bandh-against-bifurcation-near-total-peaceful/article4977270.ece |title=Bandh against bifurcation near total, peaceful |work=The Hindu |date=August 2013 |access-date=2013-08-04}}</ref><br />
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All commercial activity came to a standstill and educational institutions were closed. APSRTC buses were confined to depots with employees to joining the protests.<ref>{{cite web|author=Our Bureau |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/states/decision-on-telangana-triggers-protests/article4973438.ece |title=Decision on Telangana triggers protests |publisher=The Hindu Business Line |date=2013-07-31 |access-date=2013-08-04}}</ref> [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen|MIM]] activists of Anantapur also staged a protest against the decision to split the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130731/news-current-affairs/article/protests-rock-rayalaseema-region |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130803022119/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130731/news-current-affairs/article/protests-rock-rayalaseema-region |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 August 2013 |title=Protests rock Rayalaseema region |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |date=2013-07-31 |access-date=2013-08-04}}</ref><br />
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All private business establishments, banks, government offices, hotels remained closed. Seemandhra employees in the Secretariat boycotted their duties took out a rally's.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Seemandhra-employees-boycott-work-in-Secretariat-in-support-of-United-Andhra/2013/08/04/article1717451.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809165926/http://newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Seemandhra-employees-boycott-work-in-Secretariat-in-support-of-United-Andhra/2013/08/04/article1717451.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 August 2013 |title=Seemandhra employees boycott work in Secretariat in support of United Andhra |publisher=The New Indian Express |date=2013-08-04 |access-date=2013-08-14}}</ref><br />
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The protests also included exclusive demonstrations by advocates, teachers, students, automobile mechanics, bus and lorry owners, drivers, tailors, barbers, butchers, goldsmiths, carpenters and merchants in different parts of the region.<br />
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The protesters, raised slogans like for 'United Andhra Pradesh'. A youth committed suicide in Chittoor district after shouting slogans in favour of ‘Samaikyandhra Pradesh’. An unemployed engineering graduate committed suicide by consuming pesticide and held TRS president K. Chandrasekhar Rao and Union Ministers P. Chidambaram, Sushil Kumar Shinde and Digvijay Singh responsible for the State's split.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/youth-commits-suicide-for-samaikyandhra/article5000650.ece |title=Youth commits suicide for Samaikyandhra |work=The Hindu |date=2013-08-08 |access-date=2013-08-14}}</ref><br />
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Normal life was paralysed in 13 districts across Coastal Andhra & Rayalseema regions with public transport remaining off the road and over four lakh government employees going on an indefinite strike in protest against the move to bifurcate Andhra Pradesh. Petrol bunks, educational institutions, cinema halls, shops and establishments were closed at most places even as various forms of protests, including hunger strike, rallies were organised.<ref>{{cite news|author=Special Correspondent |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/normal-life-paralysed-across-seemandhra/article5020078.ece |title=Normal life paralysed across Seemandhra |work=The Hindu |date=2013-08-10 |access-date=2013-08-14}}</ref><br />
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On 5 September, in Nellore, ''Laksha Gala Ghosha'' under the banner of ''Samaikyandhra Simha Garjana'' was held at the A.C. Subba Reddy sports stadium which was attended by over 1.25 lakh people.<br />
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'''''Save Andhra Pradesh Meeting in Hyderabad'''''<br />
<br />
On 7 September, In Hyderabad, Government employees asserted that they would settle for nothing less than undivided Andhra Pradesh at their impressive public meeting ''Save Andhra Pradesh'', organised by the AP Non-Gazetted Officers’ Association at [[Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium, Hyderabad|LB Stadium]] amid heightened tension on account of the Telangana bandh call, sporadic attacks and heavy police restrictions. All the galleries and the ground were packed with employees from various departments.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130908/news-current-affairs/article/telangana-united-meet-amid-attacks-college-campuses-boil |title=Telangana: United AP meet amid attacks; College Campuses on boil; Commuters fleeced by autos, cabs due to bandh and more |access-date=10 September 2013 |archive-date=11 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911025203/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130908/news-current-affairs/article/telangana-united-meet-amid-attacks-college-campuses-boil |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130908/news-politics/article/seemandhra-leaders-expect-telangana-reverse |title=Seemandhra leaders expect Telangana reverse |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911030444/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130908/news-politics/article/seemandhra-leaders-expect-telangana-reverse |archive-date=2013-09-11}}</ref> During the meeting, the APNGOs president said the people of Seemandhra were not ready to accept division or give up Hyderabad as their livelihood is linked to the city. He said that Indira Gandhi ordered for United Andhra Pradesh but the Congress decided to carve out separate Telangana state with Hyderabad as its capital. the APNGOs, strongly objected to the restrictions imposed by the police on live coverage of the meeting. He reminded that they have conducted the meeting with the permission of the police and the High Court. He questioned as to how far it was justifiable to impose restrictions on live coverage of the meeting of APNGOs. It was undemocratic to muzzle the voice of media, he said. He cautioned that they would further intensify their agitation, if the Telangana Bill was introduced in Parliament, not considering the sentiments of Seemandhra people. He also revealed a plan to conduct a million march in Parade Grounds in Hyderabad.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130907/news-current-affairs/article/will-not-give-hyderabad-apngos |title=Will not give up Hyderabad: APNGOs |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911063452/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130907/news-current-affairs/article/will-not-give-hyderabad-apngos |archive-date=2013-09-11}}</ref><br />
<br />
The bandh call by Telangana JAC came after the city police gave permission to the pro-united AP state government employees to organise a public meeting but denied the same to pro-Telangana groups.<br />
<br />
Scores of pro-Telangana supporters gathered clandestinely in the Nizam College hostel building adjacent to the LB Stadium and hurled stones at employees from Seemandhra, who were making way into the stadium. Police, who entered the hostel building to disperse the violent mob, were also greeted with stones. However, police in riot gear took several ‘outsiders’ into custody and whisked them away from the hostel building.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130907/news-current-affairs/article/pro-telangana-stir-intensifies-seemandhra-employees-attacked |title=Pro-Telangana stir intensifies; Seemandhra employees attacked |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909205242/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130907/news-current-affairs/article/pro-telangana-stir-intensifies-seemandhra-employees-attacked |archive-date=2013-09-09}}</ref> An Armed Reserve police constable was allegedly beaten up by policemen and Samikyandhra employees inside the venue for voicing Jai Telangana slogans.<ref name="New Indian Express">{{cite web|title=Cop thrashed for shouting Telangana slogan|url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/Cop-thrashed-for-shouting-Telangana-slogan/2013/09/08/article1773807.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911080024/http://newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/Cop-thrashed-for-shouting-Telangana-slogan/2013/09/08/article1773807.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 September 2013|publisher=New Indian Express|access-date=28 September 2013}}</ref><br />
<br />
An Armed Reserve police constable was beaten up by policemen and Samikyandhra employees at the ‘Save Andhra Pradesh’ public meeting at LB Stadium for raising Jai Telangana slogan.<ref name="New Indian Express"/><br />
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On 29 September 2013, a seven-hour-long meeting to ‘Save Andhra Pradesh,’ held in Kurnool saw an attendance of around 100,000 people.<br />
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===Reactions by Political Parties===<br />
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On 1 August, One minister and 18 legislators from the Congress Party in Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions resigned over the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punemirror.in/article/4/201308022013080210112396543fb5e8f/Minister-18-legislators-resign-for-united-Andhra.html |title=Minister, 18 legislators resign for united Andhra |publisher=Pune Mirror |date=2013-08-02 |access-date=2013-08-14}}</ref><br />
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On 5 August, MPs belonging to both Congress and TDP created uproar in both Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha demanding a clear statement from the government to keep the state united.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/live-rajya-sabha-ajourned-andhra-mps-demand-a-united-state/411972-37-64.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130808051420/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/live-rajya-sabha-ajourned-andhra-mps-demand-a-united-state/411972-37-64.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-08-08 |title=Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha adjourned for the day after uproar over smaller states |publisher=CNN IBN |access-date=2013-08-14}}</ref><br />
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On 10 August, president of the YSR Congress Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy and his mother, YSR Congress Legislature Party leader Y.S. Vijayalakshmi resigned from their memberships of the Lok Sabha and Assembly respectively to protest the Congress’ unilateral decision to go ahead with the creation of Telangana state without addressing the concerns of other regions of the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130811/news-politics/article/jagan-mohan-reddy-mom-vijayalakshmi-quit-ls-assembly-over-telangana |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814004257/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130811/news-politics/article/jagan-mohan-reddy-mom-vijayalakshmi-quit-ls-assembly-over-telangana |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 August 2013 |title=Jagan Mohan Reddy, mom Vijayalakshmi quit LS, Assembly over Telangana split |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |date=2013-08-14 |access-date=2013-08-14}}</ref><br />
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On 12 August, two state ministers resigned from their posts protesting the proposed bifurcation of the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130812/news-current-affairs/article/two-more-andhra-ministers-quit-over-telangana |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815060618/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130812/news-current-affairs/article/two-more-andhra-ministers-quit-over-telangana |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 August 2013 |title=Two more Andhra ministers quit over Telangana |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |access-date=2013-08-14}}</ref><br />
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On 13 August, Members of the Congress party, including Cabinet Ministers, MPs & MLAs held a protest and raised slogans in the Parliament premises demanding a united Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/seemandhra-mps-protest-in-parliament-for-united-andhra-pradesh-405177 |title=Seemandhra MPs protest in Parliament for united Andhra Pradesh |publisher=NDTV.com |access-date=2013-08-14}}</ref> TDP MP [[Naramalli Sivaprasad]] created uproar in the Lok Sabha by dressing up as Lord Krishna and trooping into the well of the House to protest.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130813/news-politics/article/mp-plays-sad-tune-house |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815201122/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130813/news-politics/article/mp-plays-sad-tune-house |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 August 2013 |title=MP plays sad tune in House |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |access-date=2013-08-14}}</ref><br />
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On 15 August, a delegation of eight union ministers met the high-level panel headed by Defence Minister [[A. K. Antony]], which was appointed to look into the concerns of people from Coastal Andhra & Rayalaseema regions after the proposed division. The ministers told the panel about the problems like [[River water disputes in Telangana state|sharing of water]] and power resources, security to employees and other issues that would arise once the State was divided.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/seemandhra-ministers-firm-against-bifurcation/article5027045.ece | title= Seemandhra Ministers firm against bifurcation | date=16 August 2013 | newspaper=The Hindu | access-date=28 April 2019 }}</ref> They also demanded the appointment of a 2nd [[States Reorganisation Commission]] to look into the creation of a Telangana state.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130816/news-politics/article/pro-ap-ministers-seek-second-src-delhi |title=Pro-AP ministers seek second SRC in Delhi |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130816223929/http://deccanchronicle.com/130816/news-politics/article/pro-ap-ministers-seek-second-src-delhi |archive-date=2013-08-16}}</ref><br />
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On 16 August, wife of state minister Thota narasimham was forcibly shifted to a hospital after 6 days of indefinite fast in [[Kakinada]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/fasting-wife-of-ap-minister-shifted-to-hospital/article5028666.ece|title = Fasting wife of AP Minister shifted to hospital|newspaper = The Hindu|date = 16 August 2013}}</ref><br />
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On 19 August, YSR Congress Party honorary president Y.S. Vijayalakshmi began her indefinite fast against the proposed division.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130819/news-current-affairs/article/ysrcp-chief-vijayalakshmi-begins-indefinite-fast-blasts-tdp |title=YSRCP chief Vijayalakshmi begins indefinite fast, blasts TDP |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130822104415/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130819/news-current-affairs/article/ysrcp-chief-vijayalakshmi-begins-indefinite-fast-blasts-tdp |archive-date=2013-08-22}}</ref><br />
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On 20 August, two MLAs from Nellore district started an indefinite hunger strike against the division proposal.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130820/news-politics/article/two-mlas-begin-indefinite-fast-nellore |title=Two MLAs begin indefinite fast in Nellore |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823042049/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130820/news-politics/article/two-mlas-begin-indefinite-fast-nellore |archive-date=2013-08-23}}</ref> In [[Kadapa]], YSRCP leaders [[Gadikota Srikanth Reddy]] and Pochimareddy Ravindranath Reddy ended their fast after 9 days when they were forcibly shifted to a hospital.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130820/news-current-affairs/article/more-join-hunger-strike-anantapur |title=More join hunger strike in Anantapur |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823013622/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130820/news-current-affairs/article/more-join-hunger-strike-anantapur |archive-date=2013-08-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/mla-exmayor-end-fast/article5039713.ece|title = MLA, ex-Mayor end fast|newspaper = The Hindu|date = 20 August 2013}}</ref><br />
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On 21 August, CM Kiran Kumar Reddy met the Anthony committee and argued that bifurcation would harm the interests of the two States and also pointed out that the Congress party will face problems electorally. Over a dozen state ministers also met the committee and listed a number of issues such as river water sharing, employment, economic development, agriculture, HRD that needed to be addressed before the Centre goes ahead with the division.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/divide-and-rule-antony-committee-told/article5044184.ece|title = Divide and rue, Antony Committee told|newspaper = The Hindu|date = 21 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130821/news-politics/article/do-not-split-kiran-tells-antony |title=Do not split AP, Kiran tells Antony |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130821220949/http://deccanchronicle.com/130821/news-politics/article/do-not-split-kiran-tells-antony |archive-date=2013-08-21}}</ref><br />
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On 22 August, TDP MP in [[Rajya Sabha]] [[Nandamuri Harikrishna]] submitted his resignation which was accepted on the same day.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130822/news-politics/article/tdp-mp-harikrishna-resigns-rs-over-bifurcation-issue |title=TDP MP Harikrishna resigns from RS over bifurcation issue |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824230346/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130822/news-politics/article/tdp-mp-harikrishna-resigns-rs-over-bifurcation-issue |archive-date=2013-08-24}}</ref> In Guntur & Nellore, TDP MLAs who were on an indefinite fast were forcibly shifted to hospitals.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130822/news-current-affairs/article/apngos-meet-hyderabad-sept-7 |title=APNGOs to meet in Hyderabad on Sept 7 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824230332/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130822/news-current-affairs/article/apngos-meet-hyderabad-sept-7 |archive-date=2013-08-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130823/news-current-affairs/article/police-foil-venkatagiri-mla%E2%80%99s-fast-unto-death |title=Police foil Venkatagiri MLA's fast-unto-death |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104040343/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130823/news-current-affairs/article/police-foil-venkatagiri-mla%E2%80%99s-fast-unto-death |archive-date=2013-11-04}}</ref> Another MLA launched a ''[[padayatra]]'' from Chittoor to [[Tirumala]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/chittoor-mla-launches-tirumala-padayatra/article5048431.ece|title = Chittoor MLA launches 'Tirumala Padayatra'|newspaper = The Hindu|date = 22 August 2013}}</ref> In [[Lok Sabha]], the government brought a suspend motion on 11 MPs belonging to TDP & Congress for protesting the Telangana decision. However, members of opposition including [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]] and BJP protested the motion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130822/news-politics/article/govt-moves-motion-suspend-11-ap-mps |title=Govt moves motion to suspend 11 AP MPs |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824231522/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130822/news-politics/article/govt-moves-motion-suspend-11-ap-mps |archive-date=2013-08-24}}</ref><br />
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On 23 August, 8 Congress and 4 MPs were suspended for continuously stalling the Lok Sabha proceedings.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130824/news-politics/article/12-seemandhra-mps-suspended |title=12 Seemandhra MPS suspended |access-date=26 August 2013 |archive-date=27 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827001932/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130824/news-politics/article/12-seemandhra-mps-suspended |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
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On 2 October, several BJP leaders from Coastal Andhra & Rayalaseema regions met their party's central leadership including [[L K Advani]], [[Rajnath Singh]] and sought their intervention to impress upon the Centre to address concerns of the people due to the state division. The BJP later issued a statement that their party was committed for the state division but will ensure that everyone's concerns will be addressed and no injustice will be done to any region.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Andhra-leaders-meet-BJP-brass-air-Telangana-concerns/articleshow/23431322.cms|title = Telangana statehood issue: Andhra leaders meet BJP brass, air Telangana concerns &#124; India News - Times of India|website = [[The Times of India]]| date=3 October 2013 }}</ref><br />
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==Protests in 2014==<br />
APNGOs Association have called for bandh (general strike) in seemandhra on 13 February 2014 in protesting against the introduction of [[Telangana Bill]] in parliament.<ref>{{cite news|title=APNGOs' Association calls bandh today|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/apngos-association-calls-bandh-today/article5684364.ece|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> The general strike has crippled normal life in the [[Rayalaseema]] and Coastal regions of [[Andhra Pradesh]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Bandh over T-Bill cripples normal life in Seemandhra|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/bandh-over-tbill-cripples-normal-life-in-seemandhra/article5688947.ece|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref><br />
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==AP Reorganization Bill in Parliament==<br />
The [[Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Bill, 2013]] was introduced by the [[Speaker of the Lok Sabha|speaker]] [[Meira Kumar]] at 12:00PM on 13 February 2014.<ref>{{cite news|title=Telangana Bill introduced in Lok Sabha|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Telangana-Bill-introduced-in-Lok-Sabha-protests-outside-Parliament/articleshow/30330286.cms|newspaper=Times of India}}</ref> During this time there was a lot of shouting slogans in the parliament and MP [[Lagadapati Rajagopal]] sprayed pepper spray at the speaker and all around in the parliament.<ref>{{cite news|title=Telangana: Indian MP uses pepper spray in parliament|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-26167129|newspaper=BBC}}</ref> He was then tackled by some [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] MPs from other states. Another MP [[Modugula Venugopala Reddy]] pulled out a mic and moved menacingly towards the MPs who were trying to stop L Rajagopal. The parliament was then adjourned at 12:05PM to 02:00PM.<ref>{{cite news|title=Used pepper spray in self defence as a mob attacked me|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/was-attacked-by-a-mob-used-pepper-spray-in-self-defence-l-rajagopal/451847-62-127.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307024614/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/was-attacked-by-a-mob-used-pepper-spray-in-self-defence-l-rajagopal/451847-62-127.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-03-07|newspaper=CNN-IBN}}</ref> But later, it was officially announced that the [[Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Bill, 2013]] was passed.<br />
Leader of the opposition in Lok Sabha Sushma Swaraj said she does not know if the bill was introduced and denies to acknowledge that it was introduced.<ref>{{cite news|title=Opposition refuses to accept Telangana bill introduced|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Opposition-refuses-to-accept-Telangana-bill-introduced/articleshow/30368326.cms|newspaper=Times of India}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Petitions in Supreme Court==<br />
Nine petitions were filed in supreme court requesting for a stay of [[Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Bill, 2013]] tabling in parliament. The supreme court later rejected the pleas saying, "We do not think this is the appropriate stage for us to interfere". And said they would take them up later.<ref>{{cite news|title=Supreme Court rejects 9 petitions seeking stay on Centre's Telangana plans|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/supreme-court-rejects-9-petitions-seeking-stay-on-centre-s-telangana-plans-480474|newspaper=NDTV}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Support in Telangana==<br />
[[AIMIM]] party which represents a few assembly segments in Hyderabad City has committed towards keeping the state united. Also, [[Sangareddy]] MLA [[Jagga Reddy]] has come in support of keeping the state united.<ref>[http://news.rediff.com/report/2009/dec/11/andhra-crisis-non-telangana-areas-erupt-in-protest.htm AP: Non-Telangana areas erupt in protests] – Rediff News</ref><br />
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In 2010, [[Chiranjeevi]] and [[Jagan Mohan Reddy]] who had openly supported this movement had faced trouble attending some public events in [[Telangana]] region.<br />
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In light of the ongoing violent agitations and political gridlock, some politicians have suggested to include Nalgonda district in to Seemandhra instead of Kurnool district. This could resolve the issue of Hyderabad as a permanent common capital. This proposal means Hyderabad can be a border city of Telangana and seemandhra. Many Telangana leaders have opposed this plan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telangananewsonline.com/Features/Sri-Krishna-Committee-Report/Option-4.htm |title=Sri Krishna Committee Report - Option 4 |publisher=TelanganaNewsOnline.com |access-date=2013-08-04}}</ref><br />
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==Support from NRIs==<br />
This movement has also received support from a section of seemandhra NRIs settled abroad with AndhraPradeshNRI.org, a non-profit organization created to provide a platform to reflect the views of seemandhra NRIs of Andhra Pradesh origin, organizing several events across the US to celebrate the AP formation day in November 2010.<ref name="greatandhra.com">[http://www.greatandhra.com/viewnews.php?id=25100&cat=10&scat=25 AP Formation Day Celebrations In Dallas] – 2011 greatandhra</ref> No politician from Telangana attended these events. A group of Telangana NRIs protested at the events organized by Samaikya Andhra proponents.<ref name="youtube.com">[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKwUWle5iXM WASHINGTON-DC-TelanganaNRI_protests.wmv]</ref><br />
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Telugu people in Canada cutting across regional lines criticized the Indian government for not dealing with "blackmail" politics to thwart creation of Telangana out of Andhra Pradesh and have come out in favour of the division of the state.<ref name="Telugu NRIs want Telangana">{{cite web|author=Telugu NRIs don’t want Telangana |url=http://www.indusage.com.au/indus-tree/indus-tree/11480-telugu-nris-dont-want-telangana.html |title=Telugu NRIs don't want Telangana |publisher=Indusage.com.au |date=2013-01-30 |access-date=2013-08-14}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Telangana Movement]]<br />
*[[Vishalandhra Movement]]<br />
*[[Jai Andhra Movement]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Politics of Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Social movements in India]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century social movements]]<br />
[[Category:Nonviolent resistance movements]]<br />
[[Category:Telangana movement]]<br />
[[Category:2010s in Andhra Pradesh]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=2025_in_Indian_sports&diff=4834582025 in Indian sports2026-05-03T09:04:55Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|none}}<br />
{{Year box}}<br />
'''2025 in Indian sports''' describes the year's events in Indian sport.<br />
<br />
== Multi-sport ==<br />
<br />
=== National Games of India ===<br />
{{Main|2025 National Games of India}}<br />
The [[2025 National Games of India]] is the 38th edition of the [[National Games of India]], which were held in the state of [[Uttarakhand]] from 28 January to 14 February. The games comprised over 10,000 athletes from 37 teams in 35 different sports. The games were inaugurated by [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]], while Home Minister [[Amit Shah]] was the chief guest of the closing ceremony.<ref>{{Cite web |title=38th National Games to be held at seven places in Uttarakhand|url=https://www.jagran.com/uttarakhand/dehradun-city-38th-national-games-in-uttarakhand-38th-national-games-to-be-held-at-seven-places-in-uttarakhand-23463761.html |access-date=2024-06-29 |website=[[Dainik Jagran|Jagran]]|language=hindi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Successful completion of National Games will bring greater recognition to Uttarakhand at national level: CM Dhami<br />
|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/successful-completion-of-national-games-will-bring-greater-recognition-to-uttarakhand-at-national-level-cm-dhami20230706205356/ |access-date=2024-06-29 |website=[[Asian News International|ANI]]|language=en}}</ref><br />
<ref>{{cite web |title=PM inaugurates the 38th National Games in Dehradun |url=https://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/news_updates/pm-inaugurates-the-38th-national-games-in-dehradun/ |website=PM India |publisher=Prime Minister's Office, Government of India |date=2024-12-15 |access-date=2025-02-16}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Medal table ====<br />
{{Medals table<br />
| caption = 2025 National Games medal table <ref>https://www.olympics.com/en/news/national-games-2025-medal-tally-table</ref><ref>https://38nguk.in/games/medals</ref><br />
| host =Host state <br />
| flag_template = {{flagicon image|Flag of Uttarakhand.svg}}<br />
| event = 38th National Games of India<br />
| team = State<br />
| show_limit = <br />
| gold_1 = 68 | silver_1 = 26 | bronze_1 = 27 | total_1 = 121 | name_1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Indian Armed Forces.svg}} [[Services Sports Control Board|Services]]<br />
| gold_2 = 54 | silver_2 = 71 | bronze_2 = 76 | total_2 = 201 | name_2 = {{flagicon image|Seal of Maharashtra.svg}} [[Maharashtra]]<br />
| gold_3 = 48 | silver_3 = 47 | bronze_3 = 58 | total_3 = 153 | name_3 = {{flagicon image|Emblem of Haryana.svg}} [[Haryana]]<br />
| gold_4 = 34 | silver_4 = 26 | bronze_4 = 22 | total_4 = 82 | name_4 = {{flagicon image|Emblem of Madhya Pradesh.svg}} [[Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
| gold_5 = 34 | silver_5 = 18 | bronze_5 = 28 | total_5 = 80 | name_5 = {{flagicon image|Seal of Karnataka.svg}} [[Karnataka]]<br />
| gold_6 = 27 | silver_6 = 30 | bronze_6 = 35 | total_6 = 92 | name_6 = {{flagicon image|TamilNadu Logo.svg}} [[Tamil Nadu]]<br />
| gold_7 = 24 | silver_7 = 35 | bronze_7 = 44 | total_7 = 103 |name_7 = {{flagicon image|Seal of Uttarakhand.svg}} [[Uttarakhand]] | host_7 = yes <br />
| gold_8 = 16 | silver_8 = 13 | bronze_8 = 18 | total_8 = 47 | name_8 = {{flagicon image|}} [[West Bengal]]<br />
| gold_9 = 15 | silver_9 = 20 | bronze_9 = 31 | total_9 = 66 | name_9 = {{flagicon image|Seal of the Government Of Punjab (Black On White).svg}} [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]<br />
| gold_10 = 15 | silver_10 = 18 | bronze_10 = 29 | total_10 = 62 | name_10 = {{flagicon image|Seal of the National Capital Territory of Delhi.svg}} [[Delhi]]<br />
| gold_11 = 14 | silver_11 = 16 | bronze_11 = 25 | total_11 = 55 | name_11 = {{flagicon image|}} [[Manipur]]<br />
| gold_12 = 14 | silver_12 = 15 | bronze_12 = 17 | total_12 = 46 | name_12 = {{flagicon image|Seal of Odisha.svg}} [[Odisha]]<br />
| gold_13 = 13 | silver_13 = 20 | bronze_13 = 23 | total_13 = 56 | name_13 = {{flagicon image|Seal of Uttar Pradesh.svg}}<br />
[[Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
| gold_14 = 13 | silver_14 = 17 | bronze_14 = 24 | total_14 = 54 | name_14 = [[Kerala]]<br />
| gold_15 = 9 | silver_15 = 11 | bronze_15 = 23 | total_15 = 43 | name_15 = {{flagicon image|}} [[Rajasthan]]<br />
| gold_16 = 8 | silver_16 = 10 | bronze_16 = 20 | total_16 = 38 | name_16 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Gujarat.svg}} [[Gujarat]]<br />
| gold_17 = 7 | silver_17 = 6 | bronze_17 = 12 | total_17 = 25 | name_17 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Jharkhand.svg}} [[Jharkhand]]<br />
| gold_18 = 7 | silver_18 = 1 | bronze_18 = 6 | total_18 = 14 | name_18 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
| gold_19 = 5 | silver_19 = 6 | bronze_19 = 13 | total_19 = 24 | name_19 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Jammu and Kashmir.svg}} [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]<br />
| gold_20 = 5 | silver_20 = 3 | bronze_20 = 2 | total_20 = 10 | name_20 = {{nowrap|[[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]}}<br />
| gold_21 = 4 | silver_21 = 6 | bronze_21 = 9 | total_21 = 19 | name_21 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Chandigarh.svg}} [[Chandigarh]]<br />
| gold_22 = 4 | silver_22 = 3 | bronze_22 = 8 | total_22 = 15 | name_22 = [[Himachal Pradesh]]<br />
| gold_23 = 4 | silver_23 = 3 | bronze_23 = 6 | total_23 = 13 | name_23 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Arunachal Pradesh.svg}} [[Arunachal Pradesh]]<br />
| gold_24 = 3 | silver_24 = 15 | bronze_24 = 16 | total_24 = 34 | name_24 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Assam.svg}} [[Assam]]<br />
| gold_25 = 3 | silver_25 = 4 | bronze_25 = 9 | total_25 = 16 | name_25 = [[Chhattisgarh]]<br />
| gold_26 = 3 | silver_26 = 3 | bronze_26 = 12 | total_26 = 18 | name_26 = [[Telangana]]<br />
| gold_27 = 2 | silver_27 = 4 | bronze_27 = 4 | total_27 = 10 | name_27 = [[Goa]]<br />
| gold_28 = 2 | silver_28 = 0 | bronze_28 = 1 | total_28 = 3 | name_28 = [[Mizoram]]<br />
| gold_29 = 1 | silver_29 = 6 | bronze_29 = 5 | total_29 = 12 | name_29 = [[Bihar]]<br />
| gold_30 = 1 | silver_30 = 2 | bronze_30 = 2 | total_30 = 5 | name_30 = [[Meghalaya]]<br />
| gold_31 = 0 | silver_31 = 1 | bronze_31 = 1 | total_31 = 2 | name_31 = [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]<br />
| gold_32 = 0 | silver_32 = 0 | bronze_32 = 2 | total_32 = 2 | name_32 = [[Nagaland]]<br />
| gold_33 = 0 | silver_33 = 0 | bronze_33 = 2 | total_33 = 2 | name_33 = [[Sikkim]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Asian Winter Games ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Asian Winter Games|India at the 2025 Asian Winter Games}}<br />
[[India]] competed at the [[2025 Asian Winter Games]] in [[Harbin]], China, from February 7 to 14.<ref>{{cite news|agency=[[Xinhua]]|date=22 January 2025|title=Record-high 34 countries and regions will participate in Harbin Asian Winter Games|url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202501/22/WS67909d0da310a2ab06ea89ef.html|work=[[China Daily]]|location=Beijing, China|access-date=22 January 2025|archive-date=22 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250122135530/https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202501/22/WS67909d0da310a2ab06ea89ef.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://oca.asia/news/5873-hawgoc-confirms-record-entry-of-nocs-athletes-for-harbin-2025.html|title=HAWGOC confirms record entry of NOCs, athletes for Harbin 2025|date=21 January 2025|website=www.oca.asia/|publisher=[[Olympic Council of Asia]]|access-date=21 January 2025|archive-date=23 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123170222/https://oca.asia/news/5873-hawgoc-confirms-record-entry-of-nocs-athletes-for-harbin-2025.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The final Indian team consisted of 59 athletes.<ref>{{cite news|date=31 January 2025|title=Ministry clears 88-member Indian contingent for Asian Winter Games|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/sports/ministry-clears-88-member-indian-contingent-for-asian-winter-games/articleshow/117791558.cms?from=mdr|work=[[The Economic Times|Economic Times]]|location=Mumbai, India|access-date=31 January 2025|archive-date=8 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250208232113/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/sports/ministry-clears-88-member-indian-contingent-for-asian-winter-games/articleshow/117791558.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}}</ref> Alpine skier [[Arif Khan (skier)|Arif Khan]] and cross-country skier [[Bhavani Thekkada]] were the country's opening ceremony flagbearers.<ref>{{Cite Instagram|user=asiangamesoca|postid=DFxC15fSDQB|title=Today is the day! Meet the flag bearers who will proudly carry the flags of their NOCs at today’s Harbin Asian Winter Games Opening Ceremony! With 34 NOCs represented by both male and female athletes, it’s a powerful moment of unity and equality. Just a few more hours to go! Are you excited or super excited?|date=7 February 2025}}</ref> India finished the event with no medals.<ref>{{cite news|date=13 February 2025|title=Asian Winters Games: India ends medal-less, Tara Prasad impresses in ice skating|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sports/asian-winters-games-india-ends-medal-less-tara-prasad-impresses-in-ice-skating/|work=[[The Tribune (India)|The Tribune]]|location=Chandigarh, India|access-date=13 February 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Special Olympics World Winter Games ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Special Olympics World Winter Games}}<br />
[[Special Olympics Bharat|India]] participated at the [[2025 Special Olympics World Winter Games]] held in [[Turin]], [[Italy]] from 8 to 15 March 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-05 |title=India will better its gold-medal tally in Special Olympics World Winter Games: Manuskh Mandaviya |url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/sports/india-will-better-its-gold-medal-tally-in-special-olympics-world-winter-games-manuskh-mandaviya/articleshow/118737172.cms |access-date=2025-08-07 |website=[[The Economic Times]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-12 |title=Nomination open for Torino 2025 Special Olympics World Winter Games |url=https://www.specialolympicsgb.org.uk/news/3821019/www.specialolympicsgb.org.uk/news/3821019/nomination-open-for-torino-2025-special-olympics-world-winter-games |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=[[Special Olympics Great Britain]] |language=en}}</ref> India secured 33 medals - 8 Gold, 18 Silver and 7 Bronze - making it their most successful campaign in [[Special Olympics World Winter Games]] history.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-16 |title=India secures 33 medals at Special Olympics World Winter Games 2025 |url=https://www.business-standard.com/india-news/india-secures-33-medals-at-special-olympics-world-winter-games-2025-125031600396_1.html |access-date=2025-08-07 |website=[[Business Standard]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-18 |title='Immensely proud of our athletes': PM Modi applauds India's Special Olympics Winter Games medallists |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/others/immensely-proud-of-our-athletes-pm-modi-applauds-indias-special-olympics-winter-games-medallists/articleshow/119159279.cms |access-date=2025-08-07 |website=[[The Times of India]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Khelo India Para Games ===<br />
The 2025 Khelo India Para Games were the 2nd edition of the [[Khelo India Para Games]], held in [[New Delhi]] from 20 to 27 March 2025. The games featured 6 sports with 189 gold medal events. [[Haryana]] topped the medal tally with 104 medals (34 Gold, 39 Silver, 31 Bronze), followed by [[Tamil Nadu]] (28 Gold, 19 Silver, 27 Bronze), and [[Uttar Pradesh]] (23 Gold, 21 Silver, 20 Bronze) respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/khelo-india-para-games-2025-medal-tally-kipg-winners-list |title=Khelo India Para Games 2025 Medal Tally |website=Olympics.com|access-date=2025-03-27}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Medal Standings ====<br />
{{Medals table<br />
| caption = 2025 Khelo India Para Games Medal Table<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dashboard.kheloindia.gov.in/winners-year-wise/==AUVVEeWtWOhFWMaNVTWJVU/VZlSXRlVONlYHpkeTxmVaN2aKVVVB1TP |title=Khelo India Para Games 2025 Medal Tally|website=kheloindia.gov.in}}</ref><br />
| host = Host state <br />
| flag_template = {{flagicon image|Seal of the National Capital Territory of Delhi.svg}}<br />
| event = 38th National Games of India<br />
| team = State<br />
| show_limit = <br />
| gold_3 = 34 | silver_3 = 39 | bronze_3 = 31 | total_3 = 104 | name_3 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Haryana.svg}} [[Haryana]]<br />
| gold_6 = 28 | silver_6 = 19 | bronze_6 = 27 | total_6 = 74 | name_6 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Tamil Nadu.svg}} [[Tamil Nadu]]<br />
| gold_13 = 23 | silver_13 = 21 | bronze_13 = 20 | total_13 = 64 | name_13 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Uttar Pradesh.svg}} [[Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
| gold_15 = 22 | silver_15 = 18 | bronze_15 = 24 | total_15 = 64 | name_15 = {{flagicon image|}} [[Rajasthan]]<br />
| gold_2 = 18 | silver_2 = 13 | bronze_2 = 12 | total_2 = 43 | name_2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Maharashtra.svg}} [[Maharashtra]]<br />
| gold_16 = 12 | silver_16 = 24 | bronze_16 = 23 | total_16 = 59 | name_16 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Gujarat.svg}} [[Gujarat]]<br />
| gold_5 = 10 | silver_5 = 5 | bronze_5 = 7 | total_5 = 22 | name_5 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Karnataka.svg}} [[Karnataka]]<br />
| gold_10 = 8 | silver_10 = 11 | bronze_10 = 20 | total_10 = 39 | name_10 = {{flagicon image|Seal of the National Capital Territory of Delhi.svg}} [[Delhi]] | host_10 = yes<br />
| gold_9 = 8 | silver_9 = 2 | bronze_9 = 5 | total_9 = 15 | name_9 = [[Punjab]]<br />
| gold_18 = 4 | silver_18 = 8 | bronze_18 = 3 | total_18 = 15 | name_18 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
| gold_26 = 4 | silver_26 = 1 | bronze_26 = 2 | total_26 = 7 | name_26 = [[Telangana]]<br />
| gold_4 = 3 | silver_4 = 5 | bronze_4 = 3 | total_4 = 11 | name_4 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Madhya Pradesh.svg}} [[Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
| gold_14 = 3 | silver_14 = 4 | bronze_14 = 5 | total_14 = 12 | name_14 = [[Kerala]]<br />
| gold_29 = 3 | silver_29 = 3 | bronze_29 = 4 | total_29 = 10 | name_29 = [[Bihar]]<br />
| gold_25 = 2 | silver_25 = 3 | bronze_25 = 1 | total_25 = 6 | name_25 = [[Chhattisgarh]]<br />
| gold_12 = 2 | silver_12 = 2 | bronze_12 = 8 | total_12 = 12 | name_12 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Odisha.svg}} [[Odisha]]<br />
| gold_7 = 1 | silver_7 = 4 | bronze_7 = 8 | total_7 = 13 |name_7 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Uttarakhand.svg}} [[Uttarakhand]] <br />
| gold_19 = 1 | silver_19 = 1 | bronze_19 = 2 | total_19 = 4 | name_19 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Jammu and Kashmir.svg}} [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]<br />
| gold_17 = 1 | silver_17 = 1 | bronze_17 = 2 | total_17 = 4 | name_17 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Jharkhand.svg}} [[Jharkhand]]<br />
| gold_27 = 1 | silver_27 = 0 | bronze_27 = 1 | total_27 = 2 | name_27 = [[Goa]]<br />
| gold_23 = 1 | silver_23 = 0 | bronze_23 = 0 | total_23 = 1 | name_23 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Arunachal Pradesh.svg}} [[Arunachal Pradesh]]<br />
| gold_22 = 0 | silver_22 = 3 | bronze_22 = 2 | total_22 = 5 | name_22 = [[Himachal Pradesh]]<br />
| gold_21 = 0 | silver_21 = 1 | bronze_21 = 2 | total_21 = 3 | name_21 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Chandigarh.svg}} [[Chandigarh]]<br />
| gold_20 = 0 | silver_20 = 1 | bronze_20 = 1 | total_20 = 2 | name_20 = {{nowrap|[[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]}}<br />
| gold_8 = 0 | silver_8 = 0 | bronze_8 = 3 | total_8 = 3 | name_8 = [[West Bengal]]<br />
| gold_24 = 0 | silver_24 = 0 | bronze_24 = 1 | total_24 = 1 | name_24 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Assam.svg}} [[Assam]]<br />
| gold_32 = 0 | silver_32 = 0 | bronze_32 = 1 | total_32 = 1 | name_32 = [[Nagaland]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Khelo India Youth Games ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Khelo India Youth Games}}<br />
The [[2025 Khelo India Youth Games|2025 edition]] of the [[Khelo India Youth Games|Khelo India Youth Games (KIYG)]] was held from May 4 to May 15, 2025, marking the first time the event took place in [[Bihar]]. This national multi-sport event brought together over ''10,000 athletes'' from 36 states and union territories, competing across 28 disciplines, including [[Traditional games of India|traditional Indian sports]] and [[esports]] as a demonstration category.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bhelari |first=Amit |date=2025-05-04 |title=PM inaugurates seventh Khelo India Youth Games being held in Bihar |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/bihar/pm-inaugurates-seventh-khelo-india-youth-games-being-held-in-bihar/article69538510.ece |access-date=2025-05-09 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-05-03 |title=Khelo India Youth Games 2025 Preview: Bihar to host mega event across 5 cities |url=https://thebridge.in/khelo-india-youth-games/kiyg-bihar-host-khelo-india-youth-games-2025-53097? |access-date=2025-05-15 |website=thebridge.in |language=en}}</ref> [[Sepak takraw]] has been included for the first time on the back of India's gold medal in the [[2025 ISTAF World Cup]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inspired by World Cup glory, Sepak Takraw joins Khelo India Youth Games roster |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sports/inspired-by-world-cup-glory-sepak-takraw-joins-khelo-india-youth-games-roster/ |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=The Tribune |language=en}}</ref> [[Indian Prime Minister|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]] virtually inaugurated the games on May 4, 2025, with the opening ceremony held at the [[Patliputra Sports Complex]] in [[Patna]]. The event aimed to promote sports culture and infrastructure development in Bihar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Khelo India Youth Games 2025: A Grand Sports Extravaganza in Bihar {{!}} Sports-Games |url=https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/sports-games/3369587-khelo-india-youth-games-2025-a-grand-sports-extravaganza-in-bihar? |access-date=2025-05-15 |website=Devdiscourse |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=UtkarshClasses |title=PM Modi virtually open the 7th Khelo India Youth Games |url=https://utkarsh.com/current-affairs/pm-modi-inaugurats-the-7th-edition-of-the-khelo-india-youth-games-2025? |access-date=2025-05-15 |website=Utkarsh Classes |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Maharashtra]] secured its third consecutive KIYG title with a record 158 medals, including 58 golds, showcasing dominance across multiple disciplines. [[Haryana]] excelled in sports like fencing and athletics, finishing second with 107 medals. [[Rajasthan]] achieved its best-ever finish, clinching third place with 22 golds. [[Bihar]], the host state, delivered a historic performance, securing 7 golds among 36 total medals, marking a significant improvement from its previous standings having a Jump from 28th rank to 15th rank marking its best ever performance in the all editions of KIYG, they doubled their all edition medal tally having total of 29 medals in previous 6 editions by securing 36 medals in the single seventh edition including victories in [[Sport of athletics|athletics]], [[Thang Ta|Thang-Ta]], and [[Rugby union|rugby]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-15 |title=Khelo India Youth Games 2025: Maharashtra bag record 158 medals, crowned KIYG champions three times in a row |url=https://www.mid-day.com/sports/other-sports/article/khelo-india-youth-games-2025-maharashtra-bag-record-158-medals-crowned-kiyg-champions-three-times-row-23543838? |access-date=2025-05-15 |website=Mid-day |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bihar shines with 7 golds |url=https://uniindia.com/bihar-fetches-36-medals-including-7-gold-at-khelo-india-youth-games-2025/sports/news/3464399.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com |website=unindia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 May 2025 |title=KYIG 2025 Bihar - Medal Tally |url=https://youth.kheloindia.gov.in/medal-tally}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Medal Tally ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
!Rank<br />
!State/UT<br />
!Gold<br />
!Silver<br />
!Bronze<br />
!Total<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|Maharashtra<br />
|58<br />
|47<br />
|53<br />
|158<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|Haryana<br />
|39<br />
|27<br />
|51<br />
|117<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|Rajasthan<br />
|24<br />
|12<br />
|24<br />
|60<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|Karnataka<br />
|17<br />
|26<br />
|15<br />
|58<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|Delhi<br />
|16<br />
|20<br />
|32<br />
|68<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|Tamil Nadu<br />
|15<br />
|21<br />
|29<br />
|65<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|Uttar Pradesh<br />
|14<br />
|20<br />
|18<br />
|52<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|Kerala<br />
|12<br />
|5<br />
|8<br />
|25<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|Manipur<br />
|11<br />
|8<br />
|11<br />
|30<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|Madhya Pradesh<br />
|10<br />
|9<br />
|13<br />
|32<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|Assam<br />
|10<br />
|5<br />
|10<br />
|25<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|Telangana<br />
|9<br />
|3<br />
|11<br />
|23<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|Punjab<br />
|8<br />
|14<br />
|25<br />
|44<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
|Jharkhand<br />
|8<br />
|7<br />
|6<br />
|21<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|'''Bihar (Host)'''<br />
|7<br />
|11<br />
|18<br />
|36<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
|Chandigarh<br />
|6<br />
|7<br />
|4<br />
|17<br />
|-<br />
|17<br />
|Odisha<br />
|5<br />
|6<br />
|3<br />
|14<br />
|-<br />
|18<br />
|Andhra Pradesh<br />
|3<br />
|11<br />
|10<br />
|24<br />
|-<br />
|19<br />
|Chhattisgarh<br />
|3<br />
|1<br />
|10<br />
|14<br />
|-<br />
|20<br />
|Uttarakhand<br />
|3<br />
|1<br />
|7<br />
|11<br />
|-<br />
|21<br />
|Gujarat<br />
|2<br />
|4<br />
|7<br />
|13<br />
|-<br />
|22<br />
|West Bengal<br />
|1<br />
|11<br />
|4<br />
|16<br />
|-<br />
|23<br />
|Jammu & Kashmir<br />
|1<br />
|2<br />
|2<br />
|5<br />
|-<br />
|24<br />
|Nagaland<br />
|1<br />
|1<br />
|4<br />
|6<br />
|-<br />
|25<br />
|Arunachal Pradesh<br />
|1<br />
|0<br />
|2<br />
|3<br />
|-<br />
|26<br />
|Mizoram<br />
|1<br />
|0<br />
|1<br />
|2<br />
|-<br />
|27<br />
|Himachal Pradesh<br />
|0<br />
|3<br />
|2<br />
|5<br />
|-<br />
|28<br />
|Puducherry<br />
|0<br />
|1<br />
|1<br />
|2<br />
|-<br />
|29<br />
|Meghalaya<br />
|0<br />
|0<br />
|2<br />
|2<br />
|-<br />
|29<br />
|Tripura<br />
|0<br />
|0<br />
|2<br />
|2<br />
|-<br />
|30<br />
|Andaman & Nicobar Islands<br />
|0<br />
|0<br />
|1<br />
|1<br />
|-<br />
|30<br />
|Goa<br />
|0<br />
|0<br />
|1<br />
|1<br />
|-<br />
|30<br />
|Sikkim<br />
|0<br />
|0<br />
|1<br />
|1<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 Summer World University Games]] ===<br />
{{main|India at the 2025 Summer World University Games}}<br />
India competed at the [[2025 Summer World University Games|2025 Summer World Universiade]], which was held from 16 July to 27 July 2025 in [[Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region|Rhine-Ruhr region]], [[Germany]]. India sent its largest-ever delegation, comprising over 300 student-athletes from various colleges nationwide.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-11 |title=KIIT-DU leads largest contingent of athletes from India to 2025 World University Games in Germany |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/others/kiit-du-leads-largest-contingent-of-athletes-from-india-to-2025-world-university-games-in-germany20250711113534/ |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=[[Asian News International]] |language=en}}</ref> India ended its campaign with 12 medals (2 gold, 5 Silver, 5 Bronze) and finished at 20th position in the medal tally.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-27 |title=FISU World University Games 2025 medals tally and India's winners list |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/fisu-world-university-games-2025-rhine-ruhr-india-medals-tally-winners-table |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=[[Olympics.com]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:92%"<br />
|-<br />
!Medal<br />
!Name<br />
!Sport<br />
!Event<br />
!Date<br />
!{{Abbr|Ref.|References}}<br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="01&nbsp;!">[[File:Gold medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Gold</span>|| Kushal Dalal<br/>[[Parneet Kaur]]<br />
|rowspan=4|[[Archery at the 2025 Summer World University Games|Archery]]||[[Archery at the 2025 Summer World University Games – Mixed team compound|Mixed Compound Team]]||{{dts|25 July}} || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-25 |title=FISU World University Games 2025: Archers Parneet Kaur-Kushal Dalal win India's first gold medal at Rhine-Ruhr |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/fisu-world-university-games-2025-compound-archery-medals |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=[[Olympics]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="01&nbsp;!">[[File:Gold medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Gold</span>|| [[Sahil Rajesh Jadhav]]<br />
|[[Archery at the 2025 Summer World University Games – Men's individual compound|Men's Compound Individual]]||{{dts|26 July}} || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-26 |title=World University Games: Sahil Jadhav wins India's first individual gold |url=https://thebridge.in/athletics/sahil-jadhav-gold-world-university-games-2025-54003 |access-date=2025-07-29 |website=The Bridge |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="02&nbsp;!">[[File:Silver medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Silver</span>|| [[Hritik Sharma]]<br/>Kushal Dalal<br/>[[Sahil Rajesh Jadhav]]<br />
||[[Archery at the 2025 Summer World University Games – Men's team compound|Men's Compound Team]]||{{dts|25 July}}||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-24 |title=World University Games: Indian men's and mixed compound teams move to final |url=https://thebridge.in/archery/world-university-games-mens-compound-team-reaches-final-53974 |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=The Bridge |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="02&nbsp;!">[[File:Silver medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Silver</span>|| [[Parneet Kaur]]<br />
|[[Archery at the 2025 Summer World University Games – Women's individual compound|Women's Individual]]||rowspan=3|{{dts|26 July}}||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-26 |title=Parneet Kaur settles for silver after narrow loss in archery final |url=https://www.ptinews.com/detail/sports/Parneet-Kaur-settles-for-silver-after-narrow-loss-in-archery-final/2763729 |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=[[Press Trust of India]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="02&nbsp;!">[[File:Silver medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Silver</span>|| [[Praveen Chithravel]]<br />
|rowspan=3|[[Athletics at the 2025 Summer World University Games|Athletics]]||[[Athletics at the 2025 Summer World University Games – Men's triple jump|Men's Triple Jump]]||rowspan=2|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-27 |title=World University Games 2025: Praveen Chithravel, Seema open India's athletics tally with silvers|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/fisu-world-university-games-2025-praveen-chithravel-triple-jump-seema-5000m |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=[[Olympics.com]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="02&nbsp;!">[[File:Silver medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Silver</span>|| [[Seema (athlete)|Seema]]<br />
|[[Athletics at the 2025 Summer World University Games – Women's 5000 metres|Women's 5000 metres]]<br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="02&nbsp;!">[[File:Silver medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Silver</span>|| [[Ankita Dhyani]]<br />
|[[Athletics at the 2025 Summer World University Games – Women's 3000 metres steeplechase|Women's 3000 metres steeplechase]]||{{dts|27 July}}||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-27 |title=Ankita Dhyani Clocks PB To Bag 3000m Steeplechase Silver At WUG 2025|url=https://www.news18.com/sports/ankita-dhyani-clocks-pb-to-bag-3000m-steeplechase-silver-at-wug-2025-9466761.html |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=[[News18]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="03&nbsp;!">[[File:Bronze medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Bronze</span>||[[India national badminton team]] <br /> {{columns-list|colwidth=10em|small=yes|style=width:22em|{{ubl|[[Sathish Karunakaran]]|[[Saneeth Dayanand]]|[[Vaishnavi Khadkekar]]|[[Tasnim Mir]]|[[Devika Sihag]]|[[Varshini Viswanath Sri]]}}}}<br />
|[[Badminton at the 2025 Summer World University Games|Badminton]]||[[Badminton at the 2025 Summer World University Games – Mixed team|Mixed Team]]||{{dts|20 July}}||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-20 |title=Indian opens WUG medal account with bronze in badminton mixed team|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/sports/badminton/indian-opens-wug-medal-account-with-bronze-in-badminton-mixed-team-101753022250572.html |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="03&nbsp;!">[[File:Bronze medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Bronze</span>||[[Vaishnavi Adkar]]||[[Tennis at the 2025 Summer World University Games|Tennis]]|| Women's Individual||{{dts|24 July}} || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-24 |title=Vaishnavi Adkar becomes first Indian woman tennis player to win medal in WUG |url=https://www.ptinews.com/editor-detail/vaishnavi-adkar-becomes-first-indian-woman-tennis-player-to-win-medal-in-wug/2758267 |access-date=2025-07-27 |website=[[Press Trust of India]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="03&nbsp;!">[[File:Bronze medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Bronze</span>|| [[Avneet Kaur (archer)|Avneet Kaur]]<br>[[Madhura Dhamangaokar]]<br>[[Parneet Kaur]]<br />
|[[Archery at the 2025 Summer World University Games|Archery]]||[[Archery at the 2025 Summer World University Games – Women's team compound|Women's Compound Team]]||{{dts|25 July}} || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-25 |title=Indian archers win compound team bronze at Rhine-Ruhr 2025 FISU Games |url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/university-sports/indian-archers-win-compound-team-bronze-at-rhine-ruhr-2025-fisu-games_sto23205601/story.shtml |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=TNT Sports |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="03&nbsp;!">[[File:Bronze medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Bronze</span>|| [[Sejal Anil Singh]]<br>[[Munita Prajapati]]<br>[[Mansi Negi]]<br>[[Shalini (athlete)|Shalini]]<br>[[Mahima Choudhary (athlete)|Mahima Choudhary]]<br />
|rowspan=2|[[Athletics at the 2025 Summer World University Games|Athletics]]||Women's 20&nbsp;km Walk Team||rowspan=2|{{dts|27 July}}<br />
|-<br />
|<span data-sort-value="03&nbsp;!">[[File:Bronze medal icon.svg|link=|alt=]]&nbsp;Bronze</span>|| [[Mrutyam Jayaram Dondapati|Mrutyam Dondapati]]<br>[[Gurindervir Singh]]<br>[[Lalu Prasad Bhoi]]<br>[[Animesh Kujur]]<br>[[Manikanta Hoblidhar]]||Men's {{nowrap|4 × 100 m}} relay||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-27 |title=World University Games 2025: Ankita Dhyani Wins 3000m Steeplechase Silver, Men's 4x100m Relay Team Bags Bronze|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/sports/others/world-university-games-2025-ankita-dhyani-wins-3000m-steeplechase-silver-mens-4x100m-relay-team-bags-bronze |access-date=2025-08-03 |website=Outlook India |language=en}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== World Games ===<br />
{{Main|2025 World Games|India at the 2025 World Games}}<br />
[[India at the World Games|India]] will compete at the [[2025 World Games]] held in [[Chengdu]], [[China]] from 7 to 17 August 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theworldgames.org/editions/Chengdu-CHN-2025-14/qualifications/by-sport|title=Qualifications for TWG 2025 by sport, Chengdu (CHN)|date=2 November 2023 |publisher=[[The World Games]]|accessdate=2025-05-23}}</ref> They sent a contingent comprising 17 athletes across five sports.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/sports/other-sports-news/world-games-2025-india-contingent-full-schedule-all-you-need-to-know-125080700307_1.html|title=World Games 2025: India contingent, full schedule; all you need to know|date=2025-08-07 |publisher=[[Business Standard]]|accessdate=2025-08-24}}</ref> India won 3 medals (1 Silver and 2 bronze) and finished at 65th position in the [[2025 World Games#Medal table|medal table]]. This was India's second-best performance at the World Games, behind the [[India at the 2013 World Games|2013 edition]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/world-games-2025-chengdu-india-medal-winners|title=World Games 2025: India finish with record haul of three medals - all winners|date=2025-08-17 |publisher=[[Olympics.com]]|accessdate=2025-08-24}}</ref><br />
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:96%"<br />
|-<br />
!Medal<br />
!Name<br />
!Sport<br />
!Event<br />
!Date<br />
!{{Abbr|Ref.|References}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center"| {{World2}} <br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" | [[Namrata Batra]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;| [[Wushu at the 2025 World Games|Wushu]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" | [[Wushu at the 2025 World Games|Women's 52 kg Sanda]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center"| {{dts|12 August}} <br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center"| <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/world-games-2025-chengdu-india-wushu-namrata-batra-medal-report|title=World Games 2025: Namrata Batra wins historic silver medal in wushu|date=2025-08-12 |publisher=[[Olympics.com]]|accessdate=2025-08-12}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center"| {{World3}} <br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" | [[Rishabh Yadav]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;| [[Archery at the 2025 World Games|Archery]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" | [[Archery at the 2025 World Games – Men's individual compound|Men's Compound Individual]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center"| {{dts|9 August}} <br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center"| <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/others/rishabh-yadav-bags-bronze-in-mens-compound-archery-at-world-games20250809171336/|title=Rishabh Yadav bags bronze in men's Compound Archery at World Games|date=2025-08-09 |publisher=[[Asian News International]]|accessdate=2025-08-09}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center"| {{World3}} <br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" | [[Anandkumar Velkumar]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;| [[Track speed skating at the 2025 World Games|Track speed skating]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" | [[Track speed skating at the 2025 World Games|Men's 1,000 m sprint]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center"| {{dts|15 August}} <br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center"| <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-08-15 |title=World Games 2025: Anandkumar Velkumar wins India's first-ever roller sports medal |url=https://thebridge.in/rollersports/world-games-anandkumar-velkumar-wins-bronze-inline-skating-54200 |access-date=2025-08-15 |website=thebridge.in |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== [[Archery]] ==<br />
=== [[2025 World Archery Championships]] ===<br />
[[Archery in India|India]] is participating in the [[2025 World Archery Championships|2025 edition]] of the [[World Archery Championships]], being held from 5 to 12 September 2025 in [[Gwangju]], [[South Korea]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/competition/24448/gwangju-2025-hyundai-world-archery-championships|title=Gwangju 2025 Hyundai World Archery Championships<br />
|publisher=[[World Archery]]|access-date=9 May 2025}}</ref> The Indian delegation will consist of a total of 12 players across 2 disciplines.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sports/world-archery-championships-2025-deepika-kumari-jyothi-surekha-vennam-lead-indian-contingent-in-gwangju/|title=World Archery Championships 2025: Deepika Kumari, Jyothi Surekha Vennam lead Indian contingent in Gwangju<br />
|work=[[Tribune India]]|access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> India won their first-ever gold medal in the men's compound team event and a silver in the mixed team event. With one gold and a silver, India finished fourth in the [[2025 World Archery Championships#Medal Table|medal tally]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/world-archery-championships-2025-india-compound-team-medals-report|title=World Archery Championships 2025: Rishabh Yadav shines as India win gold and silver in compound team events<br />
|publisher=[[Olympics.com]]|access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
==== Medallists ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%"<br />
|-<br />
!Medal<br />
!Player<br />
!Discipline<br />
!Event<br />
!Date<br />
!{{Abbr|Ref.|References}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=2|{{World1}}<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Rishabh Yadav]]<br>[[Aman Saini]]<br>[[Prathamesh Fuge]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" | Compound<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |Men's team<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |7 September <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=2|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/archery/world-archery-championships-2025-india-gold-compound-mens-team-silver-mixed-event-result-news/article70021885.ece|title=India wins gold in compound men’s team, silver in mixed event at World Archery Championships 2025|work=[[Sportstar]]|access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| colspan=4|'''GMM''' - Won vs {{FRA}} by 235-233<br>'''SF''' - Won vs {{TUR}} by 234-232<br>'''QF''' - Won vs {{USA}} by 234-233<br>'''R16''' - Won vs {{AUS}} by 230<sup>30</sup>-230<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2|{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]]<br>[[Rishabh Yadav]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" | Compound<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |7 September <br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2| <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/sports/archery-world-championships-2025-india-jyothi-vennam-rishabh-yadav-bag-silver-in-compound-mixed-team-final-ws-l-9554878.html|title=Archery Worlds 2025: India's Jyothi Vennam, Rishabh Yadav Bag Silver In Compound Mixed Team Final|work=[[News18]]|access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| colspan=4|'''GMM''' - Lost to {{#invoke:flag|icon|NED}} [[Sanne de Laat|de Laat]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|NED}} [[Mike Schloesser|Schloesser]] by 155-157<br>'''SF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|TPE}} [[Huang I-jou|Huang]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|TPE}} [[Chang Cheng-wei (archer)|Chang]] by 157-155<br>'''QF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|ESA}} [[Sofía Paiz|Paiz]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|ESA}} [[Roberto Hernández (archer)|Hernández]] by 157-153<br>'''R16''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|GER}} [[Katharina Raab|Raab]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|GER}} [[Paolo Kunsch|Kunsch]] by 160-152<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 World Archery Youth Championships]] ===<br />
India participated in the [[2025 World Archery Youth Championships|2025]] [[World Archery Youth Championships]], held in [[Winnipeg]], [[Canada]] from 20 August (earlier scheduled to begin from 17 August) to 24 August 2025.<ref>{{cite web|title=Preview: 570 youth archers to compete for world titles in Winnipeg|url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/202101/preview-570-youth-archers-compete-world-titles-winnipeg|website=[[World Archery]]|date=13 August 2025 |accessdate=23 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Tireless efforts by Archery Association of India ensure Indian archers reach World Youth Championships despite flight cancellations|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/business/tireless-efforts-by-archery-association-of-india-ensure-indian-archers-reach-world-youth-championships-despite-flight-cancellations/|website=[[Tribune India]]|date=22 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref> India finished their campaign winning eight medals - four gold, two silver and two bronze and are placed third in the [[2025 World Archery Youth Championships#Medal table|medal tally]].<ref>{{cite web|title=World Archery Youth Championships 2025: Sharvari Shende wraps up campaign with gold - full list of Indian medal winners|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/world-archery-youth-championships-2025-india-medal-winners|website=[[Olympics.com]]|date=25 August 2025 |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref><br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%"<br />
|-<br />
!Medal<br />
!Player<br />
!Sport<br />
!Category<br />
!Event<br />
!Date<br />
! {{Abbr|Ref.|References}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}} <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Mohit Dagar]]<br>[[Devansh Singh]]<br>[[Yogesh Joshi (archer)|Yogesh Joshi]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=3| Compound<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" | Under-18<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Men's Team<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=2|22 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=India win U18 men’s compound team gold medal - World Archery Youth Championships 2025 highlights|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/video/world-archery-youth-championships-2025-u18-men-compound-team-final-highlights/|website=[[Olympics.com]]|date=23 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}} <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Kushal Dalal<br>[[Apar Mihir Nitin|Apar Nitin]]<br>[[Ganesh Mani Ratnam Thirumuru|Ganesh Thirumuru]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=2| Under-21<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Men's Team<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=World Archery Youth Championships 2025: Indian men's compound teams win gold medals|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/world-archery-youth-championships-2025-india-compound-team-gold-medals|website=[[Olympics.com]]|date=23 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}} <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Chikitha Taniparthi]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" rowspan=2|Women's individual<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |23 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Peddapalli's Taniparthi Chikitha wins gold at World Archery Youth Championship|url=https://telanganatoday.com/peddapallis-taniparthi-chikitha-wins-gold-at-world-archery-youth-championship|website=[[Telangana Today]]|date=24 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}} <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Sharvari Somnath Shende|Sharvari Shende]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" | Recurve<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" | Under-18<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |24 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Shende, Sillitoe-Price surprise to close out Youth Championships|url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/202118/shende-sillitoe-price-surprise-close-out-youth-championshipsp|website=[[World Archery]]|date=25 August 2025 |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Prithika Pradeep]]<br>[[Mohit Dagar]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2|Compound<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2|Under-18<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2|23 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2|<ref>{{cite web|title=India's Prithika Pradeep wins silver in U18 women’s compound - World Archery Youth Championships 2025 highlights|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/video/world-archery-youth-championships-2025-u18-women-compound-final-highlights|website=[[Olympics.com]]|date=24 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Prithika Pradeep]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Women's individual<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Gatha Anandrao Khadake|Gatha Khadake]]<br>[[Jiana Kumar]]<br>[[Sharvari Somnath Shende|Sharvari Shende]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2|Recurve<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2|Under-18<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Women's Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |21 August<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=India U18 women's recurve team clinches bronze at World Archery Youth Championships|url=https://aninews.in/news/sports/others/india-u18-womens-recurve-team-clinches-bronze-at-world-archery-youth-championships20250822153539|website=[[Asian News International]]|date=22 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Gatha Anandrao Khadake|Gatha Khadake]]<br>[[Agastay Singh]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |24 August<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Pune girl part of team that won Bronze at World Archery Youth Championship|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/pune-news/pune-girl-part-of-team-that-won-bronze-at-world-archery-youth-championship-101756064196897.html|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=25 August 2025 |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 Archery World Cup]] ===<br />
India is participating in the [[2025 Archery World Cup|2025]] [[Archery World Cup]] from 8 April to 19 October 2025.<ref>{{cite web |title=Calendar released for Archery World Cup stages in 2024-2027 |url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201077/calendar-released-archery-world-cup-stages-2024-2027 |website=worldarchery.sport |accessdate=21 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Archery World Cup rules, final schedule released for 2025|url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201887/archery-world-cup-rules-final-schedule-released-2025|website=worldarchery.sport |accessdate=21 March 2025}}</ref> This will be India's 19th appearance at the tournament. India sent a team of 25 archers to compete in 9 events across 4 stages.<ref>{{cite web |title=Visa setback: Six Indian Archers to miss the Archery World Cup 2025|url=https://thebridge.in/archery/indian-archers-to-miss-world-cup-visa-delay-52806 |website=The Bridge|accessdate=10 April 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Medallists ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%"<br />
|-<br />
!Medal<br />
!Player<br />
!Sport<br />
!Event<br />
!Date<br />
! {{Abbr|Ref.|References}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}} <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]]<br>[[Rishabh Yadav]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" rowspan=3 | Compound<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |12 April<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=India Hit Bullseye! Clinch Compound Mixed Team Gold Days After Inclusion In 2028 Olympics|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/india-clinch-compound-mixed-team-gold-days-after-inclusion-in-2028-olympics-article-151408371 |website=[[Times Now]]|accessdate=9 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}} <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Abhishek Verma (archer)|Abhishek Verma]]<br>[[Rishabh Yadav]]<br>[[Ojas Pravin Deotale]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Men's Team<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=2|10 May<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=India men's compound team wins gold at Archery World Cup Stage 2|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/other-sports/story/india-archery-world-cup-stage-2-gold-medal-mens-compond-team-2722619-2025-05-10 |website=[[India Today]]|accessdate=9 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}} <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Madhura Dhamangaonkar]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Women's Individual<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Madhura Dhamangaonkar wins women’s individual compound gold medal - Archery World Cup 2025 Shanghai highlights|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/video/archery-world-cup-2025-shanghai-women-compound-individual-final-highlights |website=[[Olympics.com]]|accessdate=9 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Dhiraj Bommadevara]]<br>[[Tarundeep Rai]]<br>[[Atanu Das]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |Recurve<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Men's Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |13 April<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=India settle for silver medal in recurve men’s team - Archery World Cup 2025 Auburndale highlights|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/video/archery-world-cup-2025-auburndale-men-team-recurve-final-highlights/ |website=[[Olympics.com]]|accessdate=9 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Madhura Dhamangaonkar]]<br>[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]]<br>[[Chikitha Taniparthi]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=3|Compound<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" rowspan=2|Women's Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |10 May<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Indian women’s compound team settles for silver medal - Archery World Cup 2025 Shanghai highlights|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/video/archery-world-cup-2025-shanghai-women-compound-team-final-highlights |website=[[Olympics.com]]|accessdate=9 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]]<br>[[Parneet Kaur]]<br>[[Prithika Pradeep]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2|12 July<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=India settle for silver medal in women’s compound team - Archery World Cup 2025 Madrid highlights|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/video/archery-world-cup-2025-madrid-women-compound-team-final-highlights#:~:text=The%20Indian%20women's%20compound%20team%20of%20Jyothi,had%20to%20settle%20for%20the%20silver%20medal. |website=[[Olympics.com]]|accessdate=10 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Women's Individual<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Madrid Archery World Cup: Jyothi Surekha Vennam finishes 2nd in individual event, wins three medals overall|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/madrid-archery-world-cup-jyothi-surekha-vennam-2nd-individual-event-three-medals-10122611/ |website=[[The Indian Express]]|accessdate=10 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Rishabh Yadav]]<br>[[Abhishek Verma (archer)|Abhishek Verma]]<br>[[Ojas Pravin Deotale]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Compound<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Men's Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |10 April<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=India win compound men's team bronze in Archery World Cup Stage 1|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/others/india-win-compound-mens-team-bronze-in-archery-world-cup-stage-1/articleshow/120150848.cms |website=[[The Times of India]]|accessdate=17 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Dhiraj Bommadevara]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Recurve<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Men's Individual<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |13 April<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Dhiraj Bommadevara wins bronze medal at Archery World Cup Stage 1 as India claim four medals|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/dhiraj-bommadevara-archery-world-cup-bronze-medal-india-9943478/ |website=[[The Indian Express]]|accessdate=17 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Madhura Dhamangaonkar]]<br>[[Abhishek Verma (archer)|Abhishek Verma]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2 | Compound<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" rowspan=2 | 10 May<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Indian compound mixed team wins bronze medal - Archery World Cup 2025 Shanghai highlights|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/video/archery-world-cup-2025-shanghai-compound-mixed-team-bronze-medal-highlights |website=[[Olympics.com]]|accessdate=17 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Rishabh Yadav]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Men's Individual<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Rishabh Yadav wins men’s compound individual bronze medal - Archery World Cup 2025 Shanghai highlights|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/video/archery-world-cup-2025-shanghai-men-compound-individual-bronze-medal-highlights |website=[[Olympics.com]]|accessdate=17 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Deepika Kumari]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2 | Recurve<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Women's Individual<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" rowspan=2 | 11 May<br />
|rowspan =2 style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=India bags seven medals at Archery World Cup 2025 in Shanghai; Bronze for Deepika Kumari, Parth Salunkhe|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sports/india-bags-seven-medals-at-archery-world-cup-2025-in-shanghai-bronze-for-deepika-kumari-parth-salunkhe/ |website=[[Tribune India]]|accessdate=17 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Deepika Kumari's 18th medal, Parth Sulankhe's maiden bronze for India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/others/deepika-kumaris-18th-medal-parth-sulankhes-maiden-bronze-for-india/articleshow/121097401.cms |website=[[Times of India]]|accessdate=17 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Parth Salunkhe]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Men's Individual<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]]<br>[[Rishabh Yadav]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" | Compound<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" | Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" rowspan=2 | 12 July<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Jyothi Surekha Vennam and Rishabh Yadav win compound mixed team bronze medal - Archery World Cup 2025 Madrid highlights|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/video/archery-world-cup-2025-madrid-compound-mixed-team-bronze-medal-match-highlights |website=[[Olympics.com]]|accessdate=17 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====World Cup Rankings====<br />
The top 8 archers with the highest scores across all stages in each event will qualify for the final stage. A player winning a gold medal in any stage will automatically qualify for the final.<ref>{{cite web |title=2025 Archery World Cup Rankings|url=https://www.worldarchery.sport/competition/26294/shanghai-2025-hyundai-archery-world-cup-stage-2 |website=[[World Archery]] |accessdate=25 June 2025}}</ref><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;<br />
|+ Men's Recurve<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan=2|Archers !! colspan=2|Step I !! colspan=2|Step II !! colspan=2|Step III !! colspan=2|Step IV !! rowspan=2|Total !! rowspan=2|Rank<br />
|-<br />
!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dhiraj Bommadevara]] <br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#FFDAB9 |{{bronze3}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#FFDAB9 | '''22'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 23<br />
| style="text-align:center| 14<br />
|-<br />
| [[Parth Salunkhe]] <br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#FFDAB9 | {{bronze3}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#FFDAB9 | '''18'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
! style="text-align:center| 18 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 16<br />
|-<br />
| [[Atanu Das]] <br />
| style="text-align:center| 9<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''5'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 7<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''11'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
! style="text-align:center| 17 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 17 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Tarundeep Rai]] <br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 1 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 48 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Neeraj Chauhan]] <br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 1 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 48 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Rahul Singh (archer)|Rahul Singh]] <br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 0 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 79 <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;<br />
|+ Women's Recurve<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan=2|Archers !! colspan=2|Step I !! colspan=2|Step II !! colspan=2|Step III !! colspan=2|Step IV !! rowspan=2|Total !! rowspan=2|Rank<br />
|-<br />
!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Deepika Kumari]] <br />
| style="text-align:center| 5<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''13'''<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#FFDAB9 | {{bronze3}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#FFDAB9 | '''18'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 32 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 11<br />
|-<br />
| [[Simranjeet Kaur]] <br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 5<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''13'''<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
! style="text-align:center| 13 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 20 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Ankita Bhakat]] <br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 9<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''5'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 7 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 26<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gatha Anandrao Khadake]] <br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 9<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''5'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 5 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 34 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Sharvari Somnath Shende]] <br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 1 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 50 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Anshika Kumari]] <br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| —<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
! style="text-align:center| 1 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 50 <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;<br />
|-<br />
|+ Men's Compound<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan=2|Archers !! colspan=2|Step I !! colspan=2|Step II !! colspan=2|Step III !! colspan=2|Step IV !! rowspan=2|Total !! rowspan=2|Rank<br />
|-<br />
!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-left;background:#cfc | '''[[Rishabh Yadav]]''' <br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | 17<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#FFDAB9 | {{bronze3}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#FFDAB9 | '''23'''<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | 8<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | '''11'''<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | 17<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | '''9'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 43 <br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | 5'''Q'''<br />
|-<br />
| [[Abhishek Verma (archer)|Abhishek Verma]] <br />
| style="text-align:center| 4<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''15'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''9'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 9<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''5'''<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
! style="text-align:center| 29<br />
| style="text-align:center| 11<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ojas Pravin Deotale]] <br />
| style="text-align:center| 9<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''5'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
! style="text-align:center| 5 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 36 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Uday Kamboj]] <br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
! style="text-align:center| 2 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 43 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Aman Saini]] <br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 1 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 47 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Priyansh (archer)|Priyansh]]<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 1 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 47 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Prathamesh Fuge]]<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 0 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 67 <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;<br />
|+ Women's Compound<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan=2|Archers !! colspan=2|Step I !! colspan=2|Step II !! colspan=2|Step III !! colspan=2|Step IV !! rowspan=2|Total !! rowspan=2|Rank<br />
|-<br />
!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}!!Rank !!{{Abbr|Pts.|Points}}<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc |'''[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]]''' <br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | 9<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | '''9'''<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | 5<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | '''17'''<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | 17<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#DCE5E5| {{silver2}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#DCE5E5| '''29'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 55 <br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | 3'''Q'''<br />
|-<br />
| style="background:#cfc |'''[[Madhura Dhamangaonkar]]''' <br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#F7F6A8 | {{gold1}}<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#F7F6A8 | '''31'''<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | 5<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | '''18'''<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
! style="text-align:center | 49<br />
| style="text-align:center;background:#cfc | 4'''Q'''<br />
|-<br />
| [[Parneet Kaur]]<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 4<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''17'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 17 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 15<br />
|-<br />
| [[Aditi Gopichand Swami]] <br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 7<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''11'''<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
! style="text-align:center| 12 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 20 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Chikitha Taniparthi]] <br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 17<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''1'''<br />
| style="text-align:center| 9<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''5'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 7 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 28 <br />
|-<br />
| [[Prithika Pradeep]] <br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center {{n/a}}<br />
| style="text-align:center| 33<br />
| style="text-align:center| '''0'''<br />
! style="text-align:center| 0 <br />
| style="text-align:center| 78 <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==== Final ====<br />
Three Indian [[Compound bow|compound]] archers qualified for the final, with Dhamangaonkar securing a direct qualification after winning Stage 2, while Vennam and Yadav qualified after finishing in the top 8 of their respective events.<br />
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |Athlete<br />
! rowspan="2" |Event<br />
!Quarterfinals<br />
!Semifinals<br />
! colspan="2" | Final / {{tooltip|BM|Bronze medal match}}<br />
|-<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Rank<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Rishabh Yadav]]<br />
| Men's<br>Individual<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|FRA}} [[Nicolas Girard (archer)|Girard]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Jyothi Surekha Vennam]]<br />
| rowspan=2|Women's<br>Individual<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|MEX}} [[Mariana Bernal|Bernal]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Madhura Dhamangaonkar]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|KOR}} [[Han Seung-yeon (archer)|Han]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Aquatics ==<br />
=== World Aquatics Championships ===<br />
{{Main|2025 World Aquatics Championships|India at the 2025 World Aquatics Championships}}<br />
[[Swimming in India|India]] competed at the [[2025 World Aquatics Championships]] in [[Singapore]] from July 11 to August 3, 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/swimming/world-aquatics-championships-2025-indian-squad-53809 |title=SFI reveals Indian squad for the 2025 World Aquatics Championships |work=The Bridge |accessdate=7 August 2025}}</ref> A total of 19 swimmers participated across 3 disciplines.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldaquatics.com/competitions/4725/world-aquatics-championships-singapore-2025/athletes?gender=&discipline=&countryId=bb8a9f96-daa0-4ef0-87af-20350a398a20|title=Competition athletes|work=[[World Aquatics]]|accessdate=30 July 2025}}</ref> India ended their campaign with no medals.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/2025/Jul/29/gautam-gambhir-and-ovals-chief-curator-fortis-involve-in-heated-exchange-of-words |title=Disappointing run continues for Indian swimmers at World Aquatics Championships |work=[[The New Indian Express]] |accessdate=1 August 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
== [[Sport of athletics|Athletics]] ==<br />
=== [[2025 World Athletics Championships]] ===<br />
{{Further|India at the 2025 World Athletics Championships}}<br />
[[Athletics in India|India]] is competing at the [[2025 World Athletics Championships]] in [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]], from 13 to 21 September 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2025 |title=India At World Athletics Championship 2025: Squad, Schedule, Timing, Telecast And Streaming - Ft. Neeraj Chopra |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/athletics/india-at-world-athletics-championship-2025-squad-schedule-timing-telecast-and-streaming-ft-neeraj-chopra-article-152790464 |access-date=13 September 2025 |website=[[Times Now]]}}</ref> India entered 19 athletes to the championships: 5 women and 14 men across 15 events.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 September 2025 |title=ATHLETES by FEDERATION and EVENT |url=https://assets.aws.worldathletics.org/document/68baa3e6145009983c0bd020.pdf |access-date=5 September 2025 |website=assets[[World Athletics]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships]] ===<br />
India will host the upcoming [[2025 World Para Athletics Championships|edition]] of the [[World Para Athletics Championships]] at [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi]], from 27 September to 5 October 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Championships |url=https://www.paralympic.org/athletics/new-delhi-2025 |access-date=5 September 2025 |website=[[World Para Athletics]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
== [[Badminton]] ==<br />
=== [[2025 BWF World Championships]] ===<br />
India participated in the [[2025 BWF World Championships|2025 edition]] of the [[BWF World Championships]], held in [[Paris]], [[France]] between 25 and 31 August 2025. A total of 15 athletes participated across 5 events.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sports schedule, August 2025: Badminton World Championships, US Open, Chennai Grand Masters, Diamond League Finals and more |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/other-sports/sports-august-2025-events-schedule-complete-list-us-open-badminton-world-championships-diamond-league-finals/article69839974.ece |publisher=[[Sportstar]] |date=31 July 2025 |access-date=3 August 2025}}</ref> [[Malvika Bansod]] withdrew from the competition due to injury.<ref>{{cite web |title=Indonesia Open 2025: Malvika Bansod retires hurt during first-round match |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/badminton/indonesia-open-2025-malvika-bansod-retires-hurt-first-round-match-knee-injury/article69651716.ece |publisher=[[Sportstar]] |date=3 June 2025 |access-date=25 August 2025}}</ref> [[Lakshya Sen]] was eliminated in the first round by the top-seed, [[China]]'s [[Shi Yu Qi]] in straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=BWF World Championships: Lakshya Sen Loses To World No. 1 Despite Tough Fight |url=https://www.news18.com/sports/bwf-world-championships-lakshya-sen-loses-to-world-no-1-despite-tough-fight-ws-l-9527567.html |publisher=[[News18]] |date=25 August 2025 |access-date=25 August 2025}}</ref> [[Prannoy H. S.]] also exited early after losing a close match to second seed [[Anders Antonsen|Antonsen]] in the second round and concluded the men's individual campaign for the contingent.<ref>{{cite web |title=Badminton Worlds: Valiant Prannoy goes down in thriller vs world No 2 Antonsen |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/badminton/story/hs-prannoy-loss-anders-antonsen-world-championships-badminton-paris-2778001-2025-08-28 |publisher=[[India Today]] |date=28 August 2025 |access-date=29 August 2025}}</ref> Hariharan Amsakarunan and Ruban Rethinasabapathi were defeated by the Taipei pair of Liu and [[Yang Po-han|Yang]] in the first round. [[Rohan Kapoor (badminton)|Rohan Kapoor]] and [[Gadde Ruthvika Shivani|Ruthvika Gadde]] won the first round but were defeated by the Malaysian pair of [[Chen Tang Jie|Chen]] and [[Toh Ee Wei|Toh]] in the second round.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rohan Kapoor & Ruthvika Gadde crash out! |url=https://thebridge.in/buzz/bwf-world-championship-2025-pv-sindhu-satwik-chirag-live-updates-95279 |publisher=The Bridge Sports |date=28 August 2025 |access-date=29 August 2025}}</ref> [[P. V. Sindhu]] started her campaign on a brilliant note and caused a stellar performance against the World No. 2, China's [[Wang Zhiyi|Wang]] to book her spot at the quarter-finals, where she ultimately lost to the Indonesian player, [[Putri Kusuma Wardani|Wardani]] in a hard-fought game.<ref>{{cite web |title=P V Sindhu's Paris run ends; mixed doubles pair Dhruv-Tanisha also bow out |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/badminton/p-v-sindhus-paris-run-ends-mixed-doubles-pair-dhruv-tanisha-also-bow-out/articleshow/123595516.cms |publisher=[[The Times of India]] |date=30 August 2025 |access-date=30 August 2025}}</ref> [[Dhruv Kapila]] and [[Tanisha Crasto]] also had a similar journey, where they caused an updet by defeating the fifth seed pair, [[Hong Kong]]'s [[Tang Chun Man|Tang]] and [[Tse Ying Suet|Tse]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Badminton World Championships: Tanisha Crasto and Dhruv Kapila register their biggest win yet to stun fifth seeds and enter last eight |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/badminton/tanisha-dhruv-enter-qf-beat-fifth-seed-world-championships-10217021/ |publisher=[[The Indian Express]] |date=29 August 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> but eventually lost to the Malaysian pair of [[Chen Tang Jie|Chen TJ]] and [[Toh Ee Wei|Toh]] in the quarter-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=World Badminton Championships: Dhruv Kapila- Tanisha Crasto Crash Out In Quarters |url=https://www.news18.com/sports/world-badminton-championships-dhruv-kapila-tanisha-crasto-crash-out-in-quarters-9536688.html |publisher=[[News18]] |date=30 August 2025 |access-date=30 August 2025}}</ref> [[Chirag Shetty]] and [[Satwiksairaj Rankireddy]]'s path to a medal was not easy as they fought hard against world no.6, the Chinese Pair of [[Liang Weikeng|Liang]] and [[Wang Chang (badminton)|Wang C]]<ref>{{cite web |title=BWF World Championships: Satwik and Chirag sizzle on dream day for Indian shuttlers |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/badminton/story/bwf-world-championships-2778446-2025-08-29 |publisher=[[India Today]] |date=29 August 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> and went on to comfortably beaten their toughest rivals World no. 2, Malaysia's [[Aaron Chia|Chia]] and [[Soh Wooi Yik|Soh]] (who defeated the same Indian pair in the [[Badminton at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's doubles|quarterfinals]] of [[2024 Olympics]] at this [[Adidas Arena|same venue]]) in straight sets to ensure their second medal in World Championship history, after the bronze in [[2022 BWF World Championships|Tokyo 2022]].<ref>{{cite web |title=BWF World Championships: Satwik-Chirag earn Paris Olympics ‘redemption’ against Malaysia’s Chia-Soh |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/badminton/bwf-world-championship-satwik-chirag-quarterfinal-win-chia-soh-paris-olympics-defeat-avenge/article69992125.ece |publisher=[[Sportstar]] |date=30 August 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> They lost to the Chinese pair of [[Chen Boyang|Chen]] and [[Liu Yi (badminton)|Liu]] after putting a clinical fight and ended their campaign with a bronze medal.<ref>{{cite web |title=BWF World Championships 2025 Semi-Final Highlights: Satwiksairaj Rankireddy, Chirag Shetty Sign Off With Men's Doubles Bronze |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/badminton/satwiksairaj-rankireddy-chirag-shetty-live-score-bwf-world-championships-2025-semi-finals-match-live-updates-9188520 |publisher=[[NDTV Sports]] |date=31 August 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref><br />
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |Athlete<br />
! rowspan="2" |Event<br />
! Round of 64<br />
! Round of 32<br />
! Round of 16<br />
! Quarterfinals<br />
! Semifinals<br />
! colspan="2" | Final / {{tooltip|BM|Bronze medal match}}<br />
|-<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Rank<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Lakshya Sen]]<br />
| rowspan=2|[[2025 BWF World Championships – Men's singles|Men's<br>Singles]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Shi Yuqi|Shi]] <small>(1)</small><br>'''L''' 0-'''2''' (17–21, 19–21)<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round; Rank: 33''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Prannoy H. S.]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|FIN}} [[Joakim Oldorff|Oldorff]]<br>'''W''' '''2'''-0 (21–18, 21–15)<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|DEN}} [[Anders Antonsen|Antonsen]] <small>(2)</small><br>'''L''' 1-'''2''' (7-21, 21–17, 21–23)<br />
|colspan=5 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round; Rank: 17''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[P. V. Sindhu]] <small>(15)</small><br />
| [[2025 BWF World Championships – Women's singles|Women's<br>Singles]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|BUL}} [[Kaloyana Nalbantova|Nalbantova]]<br>'''W''' '''2'''-0 (23–21, 21–6)<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|MAS}} [[Letshanaa Karupathevan|Letshanaa]]<br>'''W''' '''2'''-0 (21–19, 21–15)<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Wang Zhiyi|Wang Z]] <small>(2)</small><br>'''W''' '''2'''-0 (21–19, 21–15)<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|INA}} [[Putri Kusuma Wardani|Wardani]] <small>(9)</small><br>'''L''' 1-'''2''' (14–21, 21–13, 16–21)<br />
|colspan=3 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round; Rank: 8''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|'''[[Satwiksairaj Rankireddy]]<br>[[Chirag Shetty]] <small>(9)</small>'''<br />
| rowspan=2|[[2025 BWF World Championships – Men's doubles|Men's<br>Doubles]]<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|TPE}} [[Liu Kuang-heng|Liu K]] / [[Yang Po-han|Yang]]<br>'''W''' '''2'''-0 (22–20,21-13)<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Liang Weikeng|Liang]] / [[Wang Chang (badminton)|Wang C]] <small>(6)</small><br>'''W''' '''2'''-1 (19–21, 21–15, 21–17)<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|MAS}} [[Aaron Chia|Chia]] / [[Soh Wooi Yik|Soh]] <small>(2)</small><br>'''W''' '''2'''-0 (21–12,21-19)<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Chen Boyang|Chen]] / [[Liu Yi (badminton)|Liu]] <small>(11)</small><br>'''L''' 1-'''2''' (19–21, 21–18, 12–21)<br />
| {{n/a|''Did not advance''}}<br />
|{{World3}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|Hariharan Amsakarunan<br>[[Ruban Kumar Rethinasabapathi|Ruban Rethinasabapathi]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|TPE}} [[Liu Kuang-heng|Liu K-h]] / [[Yang Po-han|Yang]]<br>'''L''' 0-'''2''' (15–21, 5-21)<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round; Rank:33''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Priya Konjengbam]]<br>[[Shruti Mishra]]<br />
| rowspan=2|[[2025 BWF World Championships – Women's doubles|Women's<br>Doubles]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|FRA}} [[Margot Lambert|Lambert]] / [[Camille Pognante|Pognante]]<br>'''L''' 0-'''2''' (17–21, 16–21)<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round; Rank:33''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Rutaparna Panda]]<br>[[Swetaparna Panda]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|BUL}} [[Gabriela Stoeva|G Stoeva]] / [[Stefani Stoeva|S Stoeva]]<br>'''L''' 0-'''2''' (12–21, 11–21)<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round; Rank:33''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Dhruv Kapila]]<br>[[Tanisha Crasto]] <small>(16)</small><br />
| rowspan=2|[[2025 BWF World Championships – Mixed doubles|Mixed<br>Doubles]]<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IRE}} [[Joshua Magee|Magee]] / [[Moya Ryan|Ryan]]<br>'''W''' '''2'''-0 (21–11, 21–16)<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|HKG}} [[Tang Chun Man|Tang]] / [[Tse Ying Suet|Tse]] <small>(5)</small><br>'''W''' '''2'''-1 (19–21, 21–12, 21–15)<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|MAS}} [[Chen Tang Jie|Chen TJ]] / [[Toh Ee Wei|Toh]] <small>(4)</small><br>'''L''' 0-'''2''' (15–21, 13–21)<br />
|colspan=3 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round; Rank:8''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Rohan Kapoor (badminton)|Rohan Kapoor]]<br>[[Gadde Ruthvika Shivani|Ruthvika Gadde]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|MAC}} [[Leong Iok Chong|Leong]] / [[Ng Weng Chi|Chi]]<br>'''W''' '''2'''-1 (18–21, 21–16, 21–18)<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|MAS}} [[Chen Tang Jie|Chen TJ]] / [[Toh Ee Wei|Toh]] <small>(4)</small><br>'''L''' 0-'''2''' (16–21, 11–21)<br />
|colspan=5 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round; Rank: 17''}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 BWF World Senior Championships]] ===<br />
India is participating in the [[2025 BWF World Senior Championships|2025 edition]] of the [[BWF World Senior Championships]], held in [[Pattaya]], [[Thailand]] between 7 to 14 September 2025.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/sports/6-goans-in-indian-squad-for-bwf-world-seniors/427047 |title=Six Goan Shuttlers to Represent India at BWF World Senior Championships 2025 in Thailand |publisher=[[Herald Goa]] |date=10 September 2025 |access-date=13 September 2025}}</ref> A total of 193 athletes represented the nation in the tournament across various age groups.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://extranet.bwf.sport/docs/events/5242/docs/Entries%20_%20Seeding%20Amazing%20Thailand-Pattaya%20BWF%20World%20Senior%20Championships%202025%20-%2021%20August%202025.pdf |title=Entries & Seedings – Amazing Thailand-Pattaya BWF World Senior Championships 2025 |publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]] |date=21 August 2025 |access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%"<br />
|-<br />
!Medal<br />
!Player<br />
!Event<br />
!{{Abbr|Group|Age group}}<br />
!Date<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2|{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Jessie Philip]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" | Women's Singles<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |70+<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |14 September <br />
|-<br />
| colspan=4|'''Final''' - Lost to {{#invoke:flag|icon|SCO}} [[Christine Black (badminton)|Black]] (17-21, 7-21)<br>'''SF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|CAN}} [[Marcia Jackson|Kuo]] (21-16, 19-21, 21-13)<br>'''QF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Susy V John|John]] (21-17, 21-18)<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2|{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[B.V.S.K Lingeswara Rao]]<br>[[Suzanne Venglet]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" | Mixed Doubles<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |55+<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" | 14 September<br />
|-<br />
| colspan=4|'''Final''' - Lost to {{#invoke:flag|icon|DEN}} [[Bo Sorensen|Sorensen]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|DEN}} [[Lene Struwe Andersen|Andersen]] (21-18, 12-21, 12-21)<br>'''SF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|TPE}} [[Su Jung Li|Li]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|TPE}} [[Hsiu Yen Kuo|Kuo]] (22-20, 21-17)<br>'''QF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|INA}} [[Tjandra Soedarno|Soedarno]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|INA}} [[Tjendrawati]] (20-22, 21-12, 21-12)<br>'''R16''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|FIN}} [[Jari Erikkson|Erikkson]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|FIN}} [[Sari Roivainen|Roivainen]] (21-11, 21-10)<br>'''R32''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|THA}} [[Chetsada Aroonprasertkul|Aroonprasertkul]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|THA}} [[Natthaon Aunarrom|Aunarrom]] (21-9, 21-13)<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2|{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Abhinand Shetty]]<br>[[Sangeetha Mari]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Mixed Doubles <br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |40+<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |13 September<br />
|-<br />
| colspan=4|'''SF''' - Lost to {{#invoke:flag|icon|INA}} [[Unang Rahmat|Rahmat]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|SL}} [[Nadeesha Gayanthi|Nadeesha]] (22-20, 10-21, 13-21)<br>'''QF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|HKG}} [[Chan Tsz Kin|Chan]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|HKG}} [[Man Ching Olive Wong|Wong]] (21-10, 21-17)<br>'''R16''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|SUI}} [[Thomas Bless|Bless]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|SUI}} [[Ava Monney|Monney]] (22-20, 14-21, 21-18)<br>'''R32''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|JPN}} [[Kenta Sakai|Sakai]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|JPN}} [[Ayako Kawashima|Kawashima]] (21-16, 21-14)<br>'''R64''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|UAE}} [[Sachin Raman Seth|Seth]] / {{#invoke:flag|icon|UAE}} [[Amritha Kuttikrishnan|Kuttikrishnan]] (21-12, 19-21, 21-18)<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2|{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Philip Bency]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Men's Singles<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |70+<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |13 September<br />
|-<br />
| colspan=4|'''SF''' - Lost to {{#invoke:flag|icon|MAS}} [[Bruni Garip|Garip]] (20-22, 11-21)<br>'''QF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|SWE}} [[Cheddi Liljestrom|Liljestrom]] (21-16, 21-11)<br>'''R16''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|CAN}} [[Henry Paynter (badminton)|Paynter]] (21-6, 21-10)<br>'''R32''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|GER}} [[Dieter Faig|Faig]] (25-23, 2-0 {{Abbr|RET|Retired}})<br>'''R64''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|FRA}} [[Kaneson Sethuraman|Sethuraman]] (21-17, 21-16)<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2|{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Poonam Tatwawadi]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Women's Singles<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |55+<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |13 September<br />
|-<br />
| colspan=4|'''SF''' - Lost to {{#invoke:flag|icon|GER}} [[Tanja Eberl|Eberl]] (17-21, 13-21)<br>'''QF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|AUT}} [[Sabine Aberer|Aberer]] (21-13, 21-16)<br>'''R16''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|CAN}} [[Joyce Pittman|Pittman]] (21-16, 21-15)<br>'''R32''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|GER}} [[Valerie Cole|Cole]] (21-10, 21-10)<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2|{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Leena Dhapre]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Women's Singles<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |50+<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |13 September<br />
|-<br />
| colspan=4|'''SF''' - Lost to {{#invoke:flag|icon|SL}} [[Renu Chandrika de Silva Hettiarachchige|Hettiarachchige]] (17-21, 16-21)<br>'''QF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|JPN}} [[Kazumi Kimura|Kimura]] (21-14, 18-21, 21-13)<br>'''R16''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|TPE}} [[Tzu Hung Lin|Lin]] (21-12, 21-15)<br>'''R32''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|DEN}} [[Majken Asmussen|Asmussen]] (21-14, 21-16)<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2|{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Abhinn Shyam Gupta]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Men's Singles<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |45+<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |13 September<br />
|-<br />
| colspan=4|'''SF''' - Lost to {{#invoke:flag|icon|DEN}} [[Casper Lund|Lund]] (16-21, 19-21)<br>'''QF''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|SUI}} [[Oliver Colin|Colin]] (16-21, 21-13, 21-18)<br>'''R16''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|THA}} [[Naruenart Chuaymak|Chuaymak]] (21-17, 8-21, 23-21)<br>'''R32''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|FRA}} [[Julien Fuchs|Fuchs]] (21-14, 21-12)<br>'''R64''' - Won vs {{#invoke:flag|icon|NOR}} [[Arnt Helge Karlsen|Karlsen]] (21-9, 7-1 {{Abbr|RET|Retired}})<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 BWF World Tour]] ===<br />
India is participating in the [[2025 BWF World Tour]] from 7 January to 21 December.<ref name="worldtourschedule">{{Cite web |title=Tournament Calendar – 2025 |url=https://corporate.bwfbadminton.com/events/calendar/2025/all/0/-1/ |access-date=8 October 2024 |publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Winners ====<br />
* [[2025 U.S. Open (badminton)|2025 U.S. Open]] - [[Ayush Shetty]] (Super 300)<ref>{{cite web |title=Ayush Shetty wins US Open for India’s first title of 2025 - Hindustan Times |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/sports/badminton/ayush-shetty-wins-us-open-for-india-s-first-title-of-2025-101751305985644.html |publisher=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=30 June 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[2025 Australian Open (badminton)|2025 Australian Open]] -[[Lakshya Sen]] (Super 500)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Australian Open 2025 badminton: Lakshya Sen bags season's first title |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/australian-open-2025-badminton-lakshya-sen-final-results-india}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Runners-up ====<br />
* [[2025 Malaysia Masters]] - [[Srikanth Kidambi]] (Super 500)<ref>{{cite web |title=Malaysia Masters 2025 badminton: Kidambi Srikanth suffers heartbreak in final |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/malaysia-masters-2025-badminton-kidambi-srikanth-final-report |publisher=[[Olympics.com]] |date=25 May 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[2025 U.S. Open (badminton)|2025 U.S. Open]] - [[Tanvi Sharma]] (Super 300)<ref>{{cite web |title=US Open: Tanvi Sharma loses final 11-21, 21-16, 21-10 to Beiwen Zhang |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/badminton/us-open-tanvi-sharma-loses-final-to-beiwen-zhang-10096834/ |publisher=[[The Indian Express]] |date=30 June 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[2025 Hong Kong Open (badminton)|2025 Hong Kong Open]] - [[Satwiksairaj Rankireddy]] / [[Chirag Shetty]] (Super 500)<ref>{{cite web |title=Hong Kong Open: India's Satwiksairaj Rankireddy-Chirag Shetty settle for silver |url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/sports/hong-kong-open-indias-satwiksairaj-rankireddy-chirag-shetty-settle-for-silver/articleshow/123881336.cms |publisher=[[The Economic Times]] |date=14 September 2025 |access-date=14 September 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[2025 Hong Kong Open (badminton)|2025 Hong Kong Open]] - [[Lakshya Sen]] (Super 500)<ref>{{cite web |title=Hong Kong Open: Indias Lakshya Sen agonisingly falls short in final to settle for silver |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sports/hong-kong-open-indias-lakshya-sen-agonisingly-falls-short-in-final-to-settle-for-silver/ |publisher=[[The Tribune India]] |date=14 September 2025 |access-date=14 September 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Semi-finalists ====<br />
* [[2025 Malaysia Open (badminton)|2025 Malaysia Open]] - [[Satwiksairaj Rankireddy]] / [[Chirag Shetty]] (Super 1000)<ref>{{cite web |title=Malaysia Open badminton 2025 Semifinal highlights: Satwik-Chirag go down 10-21, 15-21 against Seo-Kim |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/badminton/malaysia-open-2025-semifinal-live-updates-satwiksairaj-rankireddy-and-chirag-shetty-to-face-kim-won-ho-and-seo-seung-jae-9772827/ |publisher=[[The Indian Express]] |date=11 January 2025 |access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[2025 India Open]] - [[Satwiksairaj Rankireddy]] / [[Chirag Shetty]] (Super 750)<ref>{{cite web |title=India Open: Satwiksairaj Rankireddy-Chirag Shetty shuttle breaks down in semis |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/badminton/india-open-satwiksairaj-rankireddy-chirag-shetty-shuttle-breaks-down-in-semis/articleshow/117365558.cms |publisher=[[The Times of India]] |date=19 January 2025 |access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[2025 German Open (badminton)|2025 German Open]] - [[Dhruv Kapila]] / [[Tanisha Crasto]] (Super 300)<br />
* [[2025 Orléans Masters]] - [[Ayush Shetty]] (Super 300)<br />
* [[2025 Swiss Open (badminton)|2025 Swiss Open]] - [[Treesa Jolly]] / [[Gayatri Gopichand]] (Super 300)<br />
* [[2025 Taipei Open]] - [[Ayush Shetty]] (Super 300)<br />
* [[2025 Taipei Open]] - [[Unnati Hooda]] (Super 300)<br />
* [[2025 Singapore Open (badminton)|2025 Singapore Open]] - [[Satwiksairaj Rankireddy]] / [[Chirag Shetty]] (Super 750)<ref>{{cite web |title=Singapore Badminton Open 2025: Satwiksairaj Rankireddy-Chirag Shetty go down fighting in semi-finals |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/singapore-badminton-open-2025-india-semi-final-results-report |publisher=[[Olympics.com]] |date=31 May 2025 |access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[2025 Canada Open]] - [[Srikanth Kidambi]] (Super 300)<br />
* [[2025 China Open (badminton)|2025 China Open]] - [[Satwiksairaj Rankireddy]] / [[Chirag Shetty]] (Super 1000)<ref>{{cite web |title=China Open 2025: Satwik-Chirag duo crashes out in semifinal |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/badminton/china-open-2025-semifinals-indian-results-satwik-chirag-scores-badminton-updates/article69858352.ece |publisher=[[Sportstar]] |date=26 May 2025 |access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[2025 Macau Open (badminton)|2025 Macau Open]] - [[Lakshya Sen]] (Super 300)<ref>{{cite web |title=Lakshya Sen, Tharun Mannepalli bow out in semis as Indian challenge at Macau Open ends |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/badminton/story/macau-open-lakshya-sen-tharun-mannepalli-crash-out-semifinals-2765255-2025-08-02 |publisher=[[India Today]] |date=2 August 2025 |access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[2025 Macau Open (badminton)|2025 Macau Open]] - [[Tharun Manepalli]] (Super 300)<ref>{{cite web |title=Tharun Mannepalli Vs Justin Hoh Highlights, 1st SF Macau Open: Indian Shuttler Out After Losing In The Semis |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/sports/badminton/tharun-mannepalli-vs-justin-hoh-live-score-bwf-macau-open-2025-semifinal-updates-and-highlights |publisher=[[Outlook India]] |date=2 August 2025 |access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[2025 Vietnam Open]] - [[Ashmita Chaliha]] (Super 100)<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 Badminton Asia Mixed Team Championships]] ===<br />
{{further|2025 Badminton Asia Mixed Team Championships squads}}<br />
India participated in the [[2025 Badminton Asia Mixed Team Championships]], which was held at the [[Conson Gymnasium]], [[Qingdao]], [[China]], from 11 to 16 February 2025.<ref name="prosasiamixedteam">{{cite web |title=Prospectus Badminton Asia Mixed Team Championship 2025 |url=https://badmintonasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Badminton-Asia-Mixed-Team-Championship-2025-Tournaments-Prospectus-29th-Nov.pdf |publisher=[[Badminton Asia]] |access-date=14 December 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=BWF Asia Mixed Team Championships 2025: India loses to South Korea in last group-stage match, to face Japan in quarterfinals |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/badminton/bwf-asia-mixed-team-championships-2025-results-india-vs-south-korea-score-latest-badminton-news/article69214043.ece |access-date=2025-08-04 |work=[[Sportstar]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Group Stage ====<br />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=Badminton team<br />
<br />
<!--Nations--><br />
|name_KOR={{bd|KOR}}<br />
|name_IND={{bd|IND}}<br />
|name_MAC={{bd|MAC}}<br />
<br />
<!--UPDATE standings below (including date)--><br />
|source=[https://bwfbadminton.com/tournament/5192/tsingtao-badminton-asia-mixed-team-championship-2025 BWF]<br />
|update=complete<br />
|win_KOR=2 |loss_KOR=0 |mf_KOR=8 |ma_KOR=2 |gf_KOR=18 |ga_KOR=5 |pf_KOR=457 |pa_KOR=329<br />
|win_IND=1 |loss_IND=1 |mf_IND=7 |ma_IND=3 |gf_IND=15 |ga_IND=8 |pf_IND=434 |pa_IND=357<br />
|win_MAC=0 |loss_MAC=2 |mf_MAC=0 |ma_MAC=10 |gf_MAC=0 |ga_MAC=20 |pf_MAC=215 |pa_MAC=420<br />
<br />
<!--UPDATE positions below (check tiebreakers)--><br />
|team1=KOR |team2=IND |team3=MAC<br />
<br />
<!--Result column--><br />
|res_col_header=Q<br />
|result1=QF |result2=QF<br />
|col_QF=green1 |text_QF={{nowrap|[[2025 Badminton Asia Mixed Team Championships#Knockout stage|Knockout stage]]}}<br />
}}<br />
{{Badmintonbox<br />
|team1=India<br />
|team2=Macau<br />
|venue=Conson Gymnasium - Court 2<br />
|date=12 February 2025, {{UTZ|09:30|8}}<br>[https://bwfbadminton.com/tournament/5192/tsingtao-badminton-asia-mixed-team-championship-2025 Report] <ref>{{cite web |last1=Nag |first1=Utathya |title=Badminton Asia Mixed Team Championships 2025: India blank Macau China to seal quarter-final spot |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/badminton-asia-mixed-team-championships-2025-india-vs-macau-china-report |publisher=International Olympic Committee |access-date=12 February 2025 |date=12 February 2025}}</ref><br />
|score1=5<br />
|score2=0<br />
|R1={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Sathish Karunakaran]]|T1P2=[[Aadya Variyath]]|21|21||T2P1=[[Leong Iok Chong]]|T2P2=[[Ng Weng Chi]]|10|9|}}<br />
|R2={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Lakshya Sen]]|21|21||T2P1=[[Pui Pang Fong]]|16|12|}}<br />
|R3={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Malvika Bansod]]|21|21||T2P1=[[Chan Hao Wai]]|15|9|}}<br />
|R4={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Arjun M. R.]]|T1P2=[[Chirag Shetty]]|21|21||T2P1=[[Pui Chi Chon]]|T2P2=[[Vong Kok Weng]]|15|9|}}<br />
|R5={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Treesa Jolly]]|T1P2=[[Gayatri Gopichand]]|21|21||T2P1=[[Ng Weng Chi]]|T2P2=[[Pui Chi Wa]]|10|5|}}<br />
}}<br />
{{Badmintonbox<br />
|team1=South Korea<br />
|team2=India<br />
|venue=Conson Gymnasium - Court 2<br />
|date=13 February 2025, {{UTZ|09:30|8}}<br>[https://bwfbadminton.com/tournament/5192/tsingtao-badminton-asia-mixed-team-championship-2025 Report] <ref>{{cite web |last1=Nalwala |first1=Ali Asgar |title=Badminton Asia Mixed Team Championships 2025: India Lose to South Korea, Finish Second in Group D |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/badminton-asia-mixed-team-championships-2025-india-vs-south-korea-report |publisher=International Olympic Committee |access-date=13 February 2025 |date=14 February 2025}}</ref><br />
|score1=3<br />
|score2=2<br />
|R1={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Ki Dong-ju]]|T1P2=[[Jeong Na-eun]]|11|21|21|T2P1=[[Dhruv Kapila]]|T2P2=[[Tanisha Crasto]]|21|12|15}}<br />
|R2={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Sim Yu-jin]]|21|21||T2P1=[[Malvika Bansod]]|9|10|}}<br />
|R3={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Cho Geon-yeop]]|21|18|19|T2P1=[[Sathish Karunakaran]]|17|21|21}}<br />
|R4={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Kim Min-ji (badminton)|Kim Min-ji]]|T1P2=[[Kim Yu-jung]]|21|16|11|T2P1=[[Treesa Jolly]]|T2P2=[[Gayatri Gopichand]]|19|21|21}}<br />
|R5={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Jin Yong (badminton)|Jin Yong]]|T1P2=[[Na Sung-seung]]|21|25||T2P1=[[Arjun M. R.]]|T2P2=[[Satwiksairaj Rankireddy]]|14|23|}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Quarter-finals ====<br />
{{Badmintonbox<br />
|team1=Japan<br />
|team2=India<br />
|venue=Conson Gymnasium - Court 2<br />
|date=14 February 2025, {{UTZ|09:30|8}}<br>[https://bwfbadminton.com/tournament/5192/tsingtao-badminton-asia-mixed-team-championship-2025 Report] <ref>{{cite web |title=Badminton Asia Mixed Team Championships 2025: India Ousted in Quarter-finals After Loss to Japan |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/badminton-asia-mixed-team-championships-2025-india-vs-japan-quarters-report |publisher=[[International Olympic Committee]] |access-date=14 February 2025 |date=14 February 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=India Crash Out of Badminton Asia Mixed Team Championships After 0-3 Loss to Japan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/badminton/india-crash-out-of-badminton-asia-mixed-team-championships-after-0-3-loss-to-japan/articleshow/118236718.cms |publisher=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=14 February 2025 |date=14 February 2025}}</ref><br />
|score1=3<br />
|score2=0<br />
|R1={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Hiroki Midorikawa]]|T1P2=[[Natsu Saito]]|21|17|21|T2P1=[[Dhruv Kapila]]|T2P2=[[Tanisha Crasto]]|13|21|13}}<br />
|R2={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Tomoka Miyazaki]]|21|21||T2P1=[[Malvika Bansod]]|12|19|}}<br />
|R3={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Kenta Nishimoto]]|21|15|21|T2P1=[[Prannoy H. S.]]|14|21|12}}<br />
|R4={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Arisa Igarashi]]|T1P2=[[Ayako Sakuramoto]]|np=|||T2P1=[[Treesa Jolly]]|T2P2=[[Gayatri Gopichand]]|||}}<br />
|R5={{BadmintonMatch|T1P1=[[Takumi Nomura]]|T1P2=[[Yuichi Shimogami]]|np=|||T2P1=[[Satwiksairaj Rankireddy]]|T2P2=[[Chirag Shetty]]|||}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 Badminton Asia Championships]] ===<br />
India participated in the [[2025 Badminton Asia Championships|2025]] [[Badminton Asia Championships]] which took place at the Ningbo Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium, [[Ningbo]], [[China]], from 8 to 13 April 2025.<ref name="pros">{{cite web |title=Bank of Ningbo Badminton Asia Championships 2025 |url=https://extranet.bwf.sport/docs/events/5178/docs/BANK%20OF%20NINGBO%20Badminton%20Asia%20Championships%202025%20-%20Tournament_s%20Prospectus.pdf |publisher=[[Badminton Asia]] |access-date=24 February 2025}}</ref> India entered with 31 players across five events. Indian athletes displayed a poor performance at the tournament, with no one except [[Tanisha Crasto]] and [[Dhruv Kapila]] reaching the quarter-finals, where they lost and ended the campaign with no podium finish.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Badminton Asia Championships 2025: India's campaign ends with Tanisha Crasto-Dhruv Kapila's quarter-finals loss |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/badminton-asia-championships-2025-india-quarter-final-report |access-date=2025-08-04 |work=[[Olympics.com]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Sudirman Cup ===<br />
{{main|2025 Sudirman Cup}}<br />
India participated in the [[2025 Sudirman Cup]], held in [[Xiamen]], [[China]], between 27 April and 4 May 2025.<ref name="sudirman">{{cite web |title=Xiamen to host TotalEnergies BWF Sudirman Cup Finals 2025 |url=https://bwfsudirmancup.bwfbadminton.com/news-single/2024/06/13/xiamen-to-host-totalenergies-bwf-sudirman-cup-finals-2025 |publisher=[[Badminton World Federation]] |date=13 June 2024 |access-date=8 February 2025}}</ref> India qualified for the tournament by world rankings and entered with a low-strength squad.<ref>{{cite web |title=Indian badminton's bench strength faces test in tough Sudirman Cup draw |url=https://www.espn.in/badminton/story/_/id/44865727/indian-badminton-bench-strength-faces-test-tough-2025-sudirman-cup-draw-pv-sindhu-lakshya-sen |publisher=[[ESPN India]] |date=26 April 2025 |access-date=3 August 2025}}</ref> India managed to win only one game in the group stage and was eliminated.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hapless singles, hopeful doubles – India’s 2025 Sudirman Cup story |url=https://thebridge.in/badminton/indias-2025-sudirman-cup-review-53086 |publisher=The Bridge |date=10 May 2025 |access-date=3 August 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Group Stage ====<br />
{{further|2025 Sudirman Cup squads|2025 Sudirman Cup group stage}}<br />
{{:2025 Sudirman Cup group stage|transcludesection=D|show_matches=no}}<br />
{{badmintonbox2<br />
| date = {{start date|2025|4|27|df=y}}<br />
| time = 17:00<br />
| team1 = {{bd-rt|DEN}}<br />
| score = 4–1<br />
| team2 = {{bd|IND}}<br />
| stadium = [[Xiamen Sports Center Stadium#Fenghuang Gymnasium|Fenghuang Gymnasium]] Court 1, [[Xiamen]]<br />
| report = https://bwfsudirmancup.bwfbadminton.com/results/5260/totalenergies-bwf-sudirman-cup-finals-2025/2025-04-27<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{badmintonbox2<br />
| date = {{start date|2025|4|29|df=y}}<br />
| time = 17:00<br />
| team1 = {{bd-rt|INA}}<br />
| score = 4–1<br />
| team2 = {{bd|IND}}<br />
| stadium = [[Xiamen Sports Center Stadium#Fenghuang Gymnasium|Fenghuang Gymnasium]] Court 1, [[Xiamen]]<br />
| report = https://bwfsudirmancup.bwfbadminton.com/results/5260/totalenergies-bwf-sudirman-cup-finals-2025/2025-04-29<br />
}}<br />
{{badmintonbox2<br />
| date = {{start date|2025|4|29|df=y}}<br />
| time = 17:00<br />
| team1 = {{bd-rt|DEN}}<br />
| score = 5–0<br />
| team2 = {{bd|ENG}}<br />
| stadium = [[Xiamen Sports Center Stadium#Fenghuang Gymnasium|Fenghuang Gymnasium]] Court 2, [[Xiamen]]<br />
| report = https://bwfsudirmancup.bwfbadminton.com/results/5260/totalenergies-bwf-sudirman-cup-finals-2025/2025-04-29<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{badmintonbox2<br />
| date = {{start date|2025|5|01|df=y}}<br />
| time = 17:00<br />
| team1 = {{bd-rt|IND}}<br />
| score = 3–2<br />
| team2 = {{bd|ENG}}<br />
| stadium = [[Xiamen Sports Center Stadium#Fenghuang Gymnasium|Fenghuang Gymnasium]] Court 2, [[Xiamen]]<br />
| report = https://bwfsudirmancup.bwfbadminton.com/results/5260/totalenergies-bwf-sudirman-cup-finals-2025/2025-05-01<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Asian Junior Championships ===<br />
{{main|2025 Badminton Asia Junior Championships}}<br />
[[Badminton in India|India]] participated in the [[2025 Badminton Asia Junior Championships]], held in [[Surakarta]], [[Indonesia]] between 18 and 27 July 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WONDR Badminton Asia Junior Championships 2025 |url=https://badmintonasia.org/calendar/badminton-asia-junior-championships-2025/ |website=[[Badminton Asia]] |access-date=9 July 2025 |language=en-US}}</ref> India won two medals in the tournament, both bronze and won in [[2025 Badminton Asia Junior Championships – Girls' singles|girls' singles]] event by [[Tanvi Sharma]] and [[Vennala Kalagotla]], and finished 5th at the medals tally.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Badminton Asia Junior Championships 2025: Tanvi Sharma, Vennala Kalagotla win bronze as India finish with two medals |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/badminton-asia-junior-individual-championships-2025-semi-finals-report-india |website=[[Olympics.com]] |access-date=26 July 2025 |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Basketball ==<br />
=== FIBA Asia Cup ===<br />
{{Main|2025 FIBA Asia Cup|2025 FIBA Asia Cup qualification|2025 FIBA Asia Cup squads}}<br />
[[India men's national basketball team|India]] is competing in the [[2025 FIBA Asia Cup]], held in [[Saudi Arabia]] from 5–17 August 2025.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thebridge.in/basketball/fiba-asia-cup-2025-india-aim-continental-breakthrough-preview-54087 |title=FIBA Asia Cup 2025: India aiming for continental breakthrough – Preview |website=The Bridge |date=4 August 2025}}</ref> India qualified for the tournament after topping Group H in the [[2025 FIBA Asia Cup qualification|qualifying tournament]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thebridge.in/basketball/indian-basketball-team-qualifies-fiba-asia-cup-2025-54076 |title=FIBA Asia Cup 2025: Recap of Indian Basketball Team's qualifying journey |website=The Bridge |date=3 August 2025}}</ref> India were grouped with the sixteen-times winners [[China men's national basketball team|China]], the hosts [[Saudi Arabia men's national basketball team|Saudi Arabia]] and [[Jordan men's national basketball team|Jordan]], all having higher [[FIBA Men's World Ranking|FIBA ranking]] than India.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://sportstar.thehindu.com/basketball/fiba-asia-cup-2025-draw-groups-india-opponents-qualifiers-performance-basketball-news/article69426851.ece |title=FIBA Asia Cup 2025: India to face China, Jordan, Saudi Arabia in group stage |website=[[Sportstar]] |date=8 April 2025}}</ref> In their first match against [[Jordan]], India reached close to cause an upset but were ultimately defeated by their opponent in overtime by 84–91.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.olympics.com/en/news/fiba-asia-cup-2025-basketball-india-vs-jordan-match-report |title=FIBA Asia Cup 2025: Indian basketball team falls to Jordan in overtime, miss out on historic upset |website=[[Olympics.com]] |date=5 August 2025}}</ref> India lost their remaining two matches against [[China]] and [[Saudi Arabia]] and finished 15th overall in the [[2025 FIBA Asia Cup#Final standings|medal table]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/basketball/india-fiba-asia-cup-2025-saudi-arabia-defeat-knocked-out-news-updates-score/article69914619.ece |title=India eliminated from FIBA Asia Cup 2025 after defeat to Saudi Arabia |website=[[Sportstar]] |date=9 August 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Group Stage ====<br />
{{#section:2025 FIBA Asia Cup|GC}}<br />
{{basketballbox|date=5 August 2025|time=14:00|place=[[King Abdullah Sports City]], [[Jeddah]]<br />
|teamA='''{{bk-rt|JOR}}''' |scoreA='''91'''<br />
|teamB={{bk|IND}} |scoreB=84<br />
|Q1='''18'''–14 |Q2=20–'''24''' |Q3='''22'''–17 |Q4=20–'''25''' |OT='''11'''–4<br />
|report={{FIBA game|128087}}<br />
|points1=[[Dar Tucker|Tucker]] 30<br />
|rebounds1=[[Hashem Abbas|Abbas]], [[Freddy Ibrahim|Ibrahim]] 7<br />
|assist1=Ibrahim 6<br />
|points2=[[Arvind Muthu Krishnan|Muthu Krishnan]] 14<br />
|rebounds2=[[Pranav Prince|Prince]] 7<br />
|assist2=Prince 5<br />
|attendance=175<br />
|referee=Scott Beker (AUS), Ahmed Al-Bulushi (OMA), Preeda Muongmee (THA)<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{basketballbox|date=7 August 2025|time=11:00|place=[[King Abdullah Sports City]], [[Jeddah]]<br />
|teamA={{bk-rt|IND}} |scoreA=69<br />
|teamB='''{{bk|CHN}}''' |scoreB='''100'''<br />
|Q1=14–'''29''' |Q2=17–'''24''' |Q3=17–'''22''' |Q4=21–'''25'''<br />
|report={{FIBA game|128089}}<br />
|points1=[[Arvind Muthu Krishnan|Muthu Krishnan]] 16<br />
|rebounds1=[[Pranav Prince|Prince]] 7<br />
|assist1=[[Harsh Dagar|Dagar]] 5<br />
|points2=[[Hu Mingxuan|Hu M.]], [[Zhao Jiayi (basketball)|Zhao J.]] 17<br />
|rebounds2=[[Hu Jinqiu|Hu J.]] 10<br />
|assist2=[[Liao Sanning|Liao]] 8<br />
|attendance=39<br />
|referee=Rabah Noujaim (LBN), Glenn Cornelio (PHI), Paul Skayem (LBN)<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{basketballbox|date=9 August 2025|time=18:00|place=[[King Abdullah Sports City]], [[Jeddah]]<br />
|teamA={{bk-rt|IND}} |scoreA=59<br />
|teamB='''{{bk|KSA}}''' |scoreB='''84'''<br />
|Q1='''25'''–24 |Q2=6–'''21''' |Q3=18–'''21''' |Q4=10–'''18'''<br />
|report={{FIBA game|128092}}<br />
|points1=[[Palpreet Brar|Brar]] 20<br />
|rebounds1=[[Pranav Prince|Prince]] 4<br />
|assist1=[[Arvind Muthu Krishnan|Muthu Krishnan]], [[Sahaij Sekhon|Sekhon]] 5<br />
|points2=[[Mohammed Al-Suwailem|Al-Suwailem]] 15<br />
|rebounds2=Al-Suwailem 14<br />
|assist2=[[Khalid Abdel Gabar|Abdel Gabar]] 7<br />
|attendance=2,350<br />
|referee=Takaki Kato (JPN), Harja Jaladri (INA), Park Kyoung-jin (KOR)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Chess ==<br />
=== [[Women's Chess World Cup 2025|2025 Women's Chess World Cup]] ===<br />
India participated in the [[Women's Chess World Cup 2025]], which was a 107-player [[Single-elimination tournament|single-elimination]] chess tournament that took place in [[Batumi]], Georgia, from 5 July to 29 July 2025.<ref name="regs">{{citation|url=https://handbook.fide.com/files/handbook/WWorldCup2025Regulations.pdf|title=Regulations for the FIDE Women’s World Cup 2025|access-date=23 May 2025}}</ref> <br />
<br />
[[Divya Deshmukh]], seeded 15th, defeated 2nd seed [[Zhu Jiner]] in the fourth round, 10th seed [[Harika Dronavalli]] in the quarterfinals, and 3rd seed [[Tan Zhongyi]] in the semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.espn.com/chess/story/_/id/45805183/teenager-divya-deshmukh-reach-chess-world-cup-final-first-indian |title=Teenager Divya Deshmukh slays nerves and seeded players to reach first Chess World Cup final |author=Aaditya Narayan |website=[[ESPN]] |date=24 July 2025}}</ref> In the final, she defeated 4th seed [[Koneru Humpy]] in tiebreaks to win the tournament.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-07-28 |title=Chess {{!}} Historic! 19-year-old Divya Deshmukh crowned FIDE Women's World Cup champion, becomes India's 88th GM |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/chess/chess-historic-19-year-old-divya-deshmukh-crowned-fide-womens-world-cup-champion-becomes-indias-88th-gm/articleshow/122952287.cms |access-date=2025-07-28 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> With this win, she earned the [[Grandmaster (chess)|grandmaster title]], which is directly awarded to the winner of the World Cup without requiring the usual three [[Norm (chess)|norms]]. She became India's 88th grandmaster and the fourth Indian woman to become a grandmaster.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-28 |title=At 19, Divya Deshmukh becomes Women's World Cup champion and India's 4th woman to be GM by defeating Koneru Humpy |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/chess/divya-deshmukh-koneru-humpy-women-world-cup-champion-grandmaster-10154555/ |access-date=2025-07-28 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=P. K. Ajith |date=2025-07-28 |title=FIDE Women's World Cup: Divya Deshmukh is the first Indian woman champion, becomes Grandmaster |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/fide-womens-world-cup-divya-deshmukh-beats-koneru-humpy-in-tiebreaker-becomes-grandmaster/article69865003.ece |access-date=2025-07-28 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Additionally, she qualified for the [[Women's Candidates Tournament 2026]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Levin |first=Anthony |date=2025-07-28 |title=2025 Women's World Cup Final Tiebreaks: Divya Wins Women's World Cup, Earns Grandmaster Title |url=https://www.chess.com/news/view/divya-wins-2025-fide-womens-world-cup-final-tiebreaks |access-date=2025-07-28 |website=Chess.com |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Summary ====<br />
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |Athlete<br />
! Round 1<br />
! Round 2<br />
! Round 3<br />
! Round 4<br />
!Quarterfinals<br />
!Semifinals<br />
! colspan="2" | Final / {{tooltip|BM|Bronze medal match}}<br />
|-<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Rank<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Kiran Manisha Mohanty]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Song Yuxin|Song]]<br>'''L''' 0.5-1.5<br />
|colspan=7 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Padmini Rout]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Zhang Lanlin|Zhang]]<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|SUI}} [[Alexandra Kosteniuk|Kosteniuk]]<br>'''L''' 3.5-4.5<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Priyanka K]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|HUN}} [[Zsoka Gaal|Gaal]]<br>'''W''' 5–3<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|POL}} [[Klaudia Kulon|Kulon]]<br>'''L''' 1–3<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|'''[[Koneru Humpy]]'''<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|UZB}} [[Afruza Khamdamova|Khamdamova]]<br>'''W''' 1.5-0.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|POL}} [[Klaudia Kulon|Kulon]]<br>'''W''' 1.5-0.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|SUI}} [[Alexandra Kosteniuk|Kosteniuk]]<br>'''W''' 2.5-1.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Song Yuxin|Song]]<br>'''W''' 1.5-0.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Lei Tingjie|Lei]]<br>'''W''' 5-3<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Divya Deshmukh|Deshmukh]]<br>'''L''' 1.5-2.5<br />
| {{World2}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Vaishali Rameshbabu]]<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CAN}} [[Maili-Jade Ouellet|Ouellet]]<br>'''W''' 2-0<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|USA}} [[Carissa Yip|Yip]]<br>'''W''' 4-2<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|KAZ}} [[Meruert Kamalidenova|Kamalidenova]]<br>'''W''' 4.5-3.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Tan Zhongyi|Tan]]<br>'''L''' 0.5-1.5<br />
|colspan=3 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Vantika Agrawal]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|TKM}} [[Lala Shohradova|Shohradova]]<br>'''W''' 1.5-0.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|UKR}} [[Anna Ushenina|Ushenina]]<br>'''W''' 4.5-3.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|FIDE}} [[Kateryna Lagno|Lagno]]<br>'''L''' 2.5-3.5<br />
|colspan=5 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[P. V. Nandhidhaa]]<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ECU}} [[Anahí Ortiz Verdezoto|Ortiz Verdezoto]]<br>'''W''' 2-0<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Harika Dronavalli|Dronavalli]]<br>'''L''' 0.5-1.5<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Harika Dronavalli]]<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[P. V. Nandhidhaa|Nandhidhaa]]<br>'''W''' 1.5-0.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|GRE}} [[Stavroula Tsolakidou|Tsolakidou]]<br>'''W''' 4-2<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|FIDE}} [[Kateryna Lagno|Lagno]]<br>'''W''' 3.5-2.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Divya Deshmukh|Deshmukh]]<br>'''L''' 1-3<br />
|colspan=3 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|'''[[Divya Deshmukh]]'''<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|GEO}} [[Kesaria Mgeladze|Mgeladze]]<br>'''W''' 1.5-0.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|SRB}} [[Teodora Injac|Injac]]<br>'''W''' 1.5-0.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Zhu Jiner|Zhu]]<br>'''W''' 2.5-1.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Harika Dronavalli|Dronavalli]]<br>'''W''' 3-1<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHN}} [[Tan Zhongyi|Tan]]<br>'''W''' 1.5-0.5<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Koneru Humpy|Koneru]]<br>'''W''' 2.5-1.5<br />
| {{World1}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====Finals====<br />
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"<br />
!Seed!!Name!!{{Abbr|Rating|Rating as of July 2025}}!!1!!2!!{{Abbr|TB1|Tie-breaker 1}}!!{{Abbr|TB2|Tie-breaker 2}}!!Total<br />
|- align=center<br />
| 4<br />
| align=left |{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Koneru Humpy]]<br />
| 2536<br />
| style="background:black; color:white" |½<br />
| style="background:white; color:black" |½ <br />
| style="background:black; color:white" |½ <br />
| style="background:white; color:black" |0<br />
| 1½<br />
|- align=center<br />
| '''15'''<br />
| align=left | '''{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Divya Deshmukh]]'''<br />
| '''2463'''<br />
| style="background:white; color:black" |½<br />
| style="background:black; color:white" |½<br />
| style="background:white; color:black" |½<br />
| style="background:black; color:white" |1<br />
| '''2½'''<br />
|}<br />
=== [[Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2025|2025 Tata Steel Chess Tournament]] ===<br />
The [[Tata Steel Chess Tournament]] [[Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2025|2025]] was held from 17 January to 2 February 2025 in [[Wijk aan Zee]], [[Netherlands]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.chess.com/news/view/tata-steel-chess-tournament-2025-participants|title=Caruana Tops Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2025 Lineup; Oro (11) Plays Challengers|date=19 November 2024|first=Peter|last=Doggers}}</ref> In the Masters section, [[Rameshbabu Praggnanandhaa]] defeated [[World Chess Championship|World Champion]] [[Gukesh Dommaraju]] in tiebreaks to win the tournament<ref>{{cite web|date=4 February 2025|accessdate=5 February 2025|url=https://www.europechess.org/praggnanandhaa-wins-tata-steel-chess-masters-2025/#:~:text=The%2087th%20edition%20of%20the,of%20the%20world%27s%20best%20players.|title=Praggnanandhaa wins Tata Steel Chess Masters 2025|website=European Chess Union}}</ref><br />
==== Masters ====<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: center;<br />
|+[[Chess tournament#Tournament categories|Category XX (2726)]]<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://chess-results.com/tnr1101638.aspx?lan=1 |title= Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2025: Masters|website=Chess Results}}</ref><br />
! Rank !! Player !! [[FIDE world rankings|Rating]] !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 !! 11 !! 12 !! 13 !! 14 !! Total !! TB !! [[Sonneborn–Berger score|SB]] !! [[Glossary of chess#performance rating|TPR]] <br />
|-style="background:#ccffcc"<br />
| '''1'''|| align="left" |'''{{nowrap|{{#invoke:flag|athlete|[[R Praggnanandhaa]]|India}}}}'''|| 2741 || {{CNone}}|| ½|| ½|| 1|| 0|| ½|| 1|| 0|| 1|| 1|| ½|| 1|| 1|| ½|| '''8½'''|| 2 ||align="right" |52.75|| 2834<br />
|-<br />
| 2|| align="left" |{{nowrap|{{#invoke:flag|athlete|[[Gukesh Dommaraju]]|India}}}}|| 2777|| ½|| {{CNone}}|| ½|| ½|| 1|| ½|| 1|| 1|| ½|| 0|| ½|| ½|| 1|| 1|| '''8½'''|| 1 ||align="right" |53.00|| 2832<br />
|-<br />
| 7|| align="left" |{{nowrap|{{#invoke:flag|athlete|[[Pentala Harikrishna]]|India}}}}|| 2695|| 0|| 0|| ½|| 0|| ½|| ½|| {{CNone}}|| ½|| ½|| 1|| ½|| 1|| ½|| 1|| '''6½'''|| ||align="right" |37.75|| 2728<br />
|-<br />
| 10|| align="left" |{{nowrap|{{#invoke:flag|athlete|[[Arjun Erigaisi]]|India}}}}|| 2801|| 0|| 1|| 1|| 0|| ½|| ½|| 0|| ½|| ½|| {{CNone}}|| ½|| ½|| ½|| 0|| '''5½'''|| ||align="right" |37.50|| 2663<br />
|-<br />
| 13|| align="left" |{{nowrap|{{#invoke:flag|athlete|[[Leon Luke Mendonca]]|India}}}}|| 2639|| 0|| 0|| 0|| 1|| ½|| ½|| ½|| 0|| ½|| ½|| ½|| ½|| {{CNone}}|| ½|| '''5'''|| ||align="right" |31.25|| 2645<br />
|}<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+Tie-breaker<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thrilling Finale at Tata Steel Masters: Possible Tiebreak Scenario Explained! |url=https://tatasteelchess.com/en/news-media/thrilling-finale-tata-steel-masters-possible-tiebreak-scenario-explained |access-date=2025-02-02 |website=Tata Steel Chess |language=en}}</ref><br />
!Name!!1!!2!!SD!!Total<br />
|- align=center<br />
| align=left | {{nowrap|'''{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[R Praggnanandhaa]]'''}}<br />
| style="background:black; color:white " |0 <br />
| style="background:white; color:black" |1<br />
| style="background:white; color:black" |1<br />
| '''2'''<br />
|- align=center<br />
| align=left | {{nowrap|{{#invoke:flag|icon|IND}} [[Gukesh Dommaraju]]}}<br />
| style="background:white; color:black" |1 <br />
| style="background:black; color:white" |0<br />
| style="background:black; color:white" |0<br />
| 1<br />
|}<br />
=== Challengers ===<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; text-align: center;<br />
|+[[Chess tournament#Tournament categories|Category XII (2546.5)]]<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://chess-results.com/tnr1101618.aspx?lan=1&art=1 |title= Tata Steel Chess Tournament 2025: Challengers|website=Chess Results}}</ref><br />
! !! Player !! [[FIDE world rankings|Rating]] !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 !! 11 !! 12 !! 13 !! 14 !! Total !! [[Sonneborn–Berger score|SB]] !! [[Glossary of chess#performance rating|TPR]] <br />
|-<br />
| 9|| align="left" |{{nowrap|{{#invoke:flag|athlete|[[Grandmaster (chess)|GM]] [[Vaishali Rameshbabu]]|India}}}}|| 2476|| 0|| 0|| 1|| 1|| ½|| 0|| ½|| 0|| {{CNone}}|| ½|| ½|| ½|| 1|| ½|| '''6'''||align="right" |35.50|| 2523<br />
|-<br />
| 12|| align="left" |{{nowrap|{{#invoke:flag|athlete|[[FIDE titles#International Master (IM)|IM]] [[Divya Deshmukh]]|India}}}}|| 2490|| ½|| 0|| 0|| 0|| 0|| 1|| 0|| 0|| ½|| 0|| ½|| {{CNone}}|| 0|| 1|| '''3½'''||align="right" |19.00|| 2376<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Cricket ==<br />
=== Women's Cricket World Cup ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Women's Cricket World Cup}}<br />
[[India women's national cricket team|India]] will host the [[2025 Women's Cricket World Cup]] across five venues (with [[Sri Lanka]] hosting some of their matches and matches involving [[Pakistan women's national cricket team|Pakistan]]).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hosts for ICC Women’s global events until 2027 announced |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/2691035 |access-date=2023-02-28 |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref> The tournament will be played in a [[round-robin tournament|round-robin format]] from 30 September to 2 November 2025.<ref name="venueswwc">{{Cite web |title=Dates, venues confirmed for 2025 Women's Cricket World Cup |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/womens-cricket-worldcup-2025/news/dates-venues-confirmed-for-2025-women-s-cricket-world-cup |access-date=2025-06-02 |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref> India reached the knockout stages with 3 wins, 3 losses and 1 no-result, finishing 4th in the points table. In the semi-finals, India chased down the highest successful score in Women's ODIs and qualified for their third final since [[2005 Women's Cricket World Cup final|2005]] and [[2017 Women's Cricket World Cup final|2017]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/womens-odi-world-cup-2025-india-vs-australia-jemimah-harmanpreet-highest-chase-records-stats-latest/article70222857.ece |title=India vs Australia, World Cup semifinal: India completes highest successful chase in World Cup knockout match |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=30 October 2025}}</ref> In the [[2025 Women's Cricket World Cup final|final]], [[India women's national cricket team|India]] defeated [[South Africa women's national cricket team|South Africa]] by 52 runs to win their maiden World Cup title.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=3 November 2025 |title=India Scale Summit! Women In Blue Win Maiden ICC World Cup Crown With Win Over South Africa |url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/india-scale-summit-women-in-blue-win-maiden-icc-womens-world-cup-crown-with-win-over-south-africa-9675558.html |publisher=News18}}</ref><br />
<br />
====Squad====<br />
On 19 August 2025, India became the first to announce their squad for the tournament. [[Tejal Hasabnis]], [[Prema Rawat]], [[Priya Mishra]], [[Uma Chetry]], [[Sayali Satghare]] and [[Minnu Mani]] were named as reserves.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bcci.tv/bccilink/articles/w4gLi20Z |title=India's squad for ICC Women's Cricket World Cup and ODI series against Australia announced |work=[[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]] |access-date=19 August 2025}}</ref><br />
{{row hover highlight}}<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible hover-highlight" style="font-size:92%"<br />
|+Indian women's squad<br />
! scope=col | No.<br />
! scope=col class=unsortable | Player<br />
! scope=col | Birth date<br />
! scope=col | Batting style<br />
! scope=col | Bowling style<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=10|Batters<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 18 || [[Smriti Mandhana]] ([[Captain (cricket)#Vice-captain|vc]]) || {{birth date and age|1996|7|18}} || Left handed || {{nobr|Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]]}}<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 33 || [[Harleen Deol]] || {{birth date and age|1998|6|21}} || Right handed || Right-arm [[leg break]]<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 64 || [[Pratika Rawal]] || {{birth date and age|2000|9|1}} || Right handed || Right-arm [[off break]]<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 5 || [[Jemimah Rodrigues]] || {{birth date and age|2000|9|5}} || Right handed || Right-arm [[off break]]<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=10|Wicket-keepers<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 19 || [[Yastika Bhatia]] || {{birth date and age|2000|11|1}} || Left handed || {{n/a}}<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 13 || [[Richa Ghosh]] || {{nobr|{{birth date and age|2003|9|28}}}} || {{nobr|Right handed}} || {{n/a}}<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=10|All-rounders<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 23 || {{nobr|[[Harmanpreet Kaur]] ([[Captain (cricket)|c]])}} || {{birth date and age|1989|3|8}} || Right handed || Right-arm [[off break]]<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 30 || [[Amanjot Kaur]] || {{birth date and age|2000|8|25}} || Right handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]]<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 6 || [[Deepti Sharma]] || {{birth date and age|1997|8|24}} || Left handed || Right-arm [[off break]]<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=10| Spin bowlers<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 40 || [[Shree Charani]] || {{birth date and age|2004|8|4}} || Left handed || [[Slow left-arm orthodox]]<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 2 || [[Sneh Rana (cricketer)|Sneh Rana]] || {{birth date and age|1994|2|18}} ||Right handed || Right-arm [[off break]]<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 21 || [[Radha Yadav]] || {{birth date and age|2000|4|21}} || Right handed || [[Slow left-arm orthodox]]<br />
|-<br />
!colspan=10| Pace bowlers<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 26 || [[Kranti Goud]] || {{birth date and age|2003|8|11}} || Right handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]]<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 20 || [[Arundhati Reddy]] || {{birth date and age|1997|10|4}} || Right handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]]<br />
|-<br />
| style="text-align:center;"| 10 || [[Renuka Singh Thakur]] || {{birth date and age|1996|1|2}} || Right handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
====League Stage====<br />
{{2025 Women's Cricket World Cup points table}}<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| round = {{anchor|match1}} '''Match 1'''<br />
| date = 30 September 2025<br />
| time = 15:00<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|SL}}<br />
| score1 = 269/8 (47 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Amanjot Kaur]] 57 (56)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Inoka Ranaweera]] 4/46 (9 overs)<br />
| score2 = 211 (45.4 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Chamari Athapaththu]] 43 (47)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Deepti Sharma]] 3/54 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 59 runs {{nowrap|([[Duckworth–Lewis–Stern method|DLS method]])}}<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1490413.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Assam Cricket Association Stadium, Guwahati|Assam Cricket Association Stadium]], [[Guwahati]]<br />
| umpires = [[Claire Polosak]] (Aus) and [[Eloise Sheridan]] (Aus)<br />
| motm = [[Deepti Sharma]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = Sri Lanka won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| round = {{anchor|match6}} '''Match 6'''<br />
| date = 5 October 2025<br />
| time = 15:00<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|PAK}}<br />
| score1 = 247 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Harleen Deol]] 46 (65)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Diana Baig]] 4/69 (10 overs)<br />
| score2 = 159 (43 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Sidra Ameen]] 81 (106)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Kranti Goud]] 3/20 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 88 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1490418.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[R. Premadasa Stadium]], [[Colombo]]<br />
| umpires = [[Lauren Agenbag]] (SA) and [[Nimali Perera]] (SL)<br />
| motm = [[Kranti Goud]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = Pakistan won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| round = {{anchor|match10}} '''Match 10'''<br />
| date = 9 October 2025<br />
| time = 15:00<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|SA}}<br />
| score1 = 251 (49.5 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Richa Ghosh]] 94 (77)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Chloe Tryon]] 3/32 (10 overs)<br />
| score2 = 252/7 (48.5 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Nadine de Klerk]] 84[[not out|*]] (54)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Sneh Rana (cricketer)|Sneh Rana]] 2/47 (10 overs)<br />
| result = South Africa won by 3 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1490422.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[ACA–VDCA Cricket Stadium]], [[Visakhapatnam]]<br />
| umpires = [[Kim Cotton]] (NZ) and [[Jacqueline Williams]] (WI)<br />
| motm = [[Nadine de Klerk]] (SA)<br />
| toss = South Africa won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| round = '''Match 13'''<br />
| date = 12 October 2025<br />
| time = 15:00<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|AUS}}<br />
| score1 = <br />
| runs1 = <br />
| wicket1 = <br />
| score2 = <br />
| runs2 = <br />
| wickets2 = <br />
| result = <br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1490425.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[ACA–VDCA Cricket Stadium]], [[Visakhapatnam]]<br />
| umpires = <br />
| motm = <br />
| toss = <br />
| rain = <br />
| notes =<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| round = '''Match 20'''<br />
| date = 19 October 2025<br />
| time = 15:00<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|ENG}}<br />
| score1 = <br />
| runs1 = <br />
| wicket1 = <br />
| score2 = <br />
| runs2 = <br />
| wickets2 = <br />
| result = <br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1490432.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Holkar Stadium]], [[Indore]]<br />
| umpires = <br />
| motm = <br />
| toss = <br />
| rain = <br />
| notes =<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| round = '''Match 24'''<br />
| date = 23 October 2025<br />
| time = 15:00<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|NZ}}<br />
| score1 = <br />
| runs1 = <br />
| wicket1 = <br />
| score2 = <br />
| runs2 = <br />
| wickets2 = <br />
| result = <br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1490436.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Assam Cricket Association Stadium, Guwahati|Assam Cricket Association Stadium]], [[Guwahati]]<br />
| umpires = <br />
| motm = <br />
| toss = <br />
| rain = <br />
| notes =<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| round = '''Match 28'''<br />
| date = 26 October 2025<br />
| time = 15:00<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|BAN}}<br />
| score1 = <br />
| runs1 = <br />
| wicket1 = <br />
| score2 = <br />
| runs2 = <br />
| wickets2 = <br />
| result = <br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1490440.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[M. Chinnaswamy Stadium]], [[Bengaluru]]<br />
| umpires = <br />
| motm = <br />
| toss = <br />
| rain = <br />
| notes =<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Ireland Women's tour of India ===<br />
{{Main|Ireland women's cricket team in India in 2024–25}}<br />
The [[Ireland women's cricket team]] toured India in January 2025 to play three [[Women's One Day International|One Day International]] (ODI) matches against [[India women's national cricket team|India women's cricket team]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/women-cricket-news/43394-ireland-set-to-play-their-first-ever-bilateral-series-in-india-in-dec-jan-2025.html |title=Ireland set to play their first-ever bilateral series in India in Dec-Jan 2025 |work=Female Cricket |access-date=25 September 2024 |date=10 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Women's Future Tours Programme |url=https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/momiku5h9eyqzp5tohdb.pdf |access-date=9 November 2024 |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=4 November 2024}}</ref> The series formed part of the [[2022–2025 ICC Women's Championship]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/india-women-to-host-west-indies-and-ireland-in-december-january-1459493 |title=India women to host West Indies and Ireland in December, January |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=13 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.insidesport.in/cricket/india-women-vs-ireland-women-irish-cricket-team-set-for-maiden-bilateral-series-tour-in-india/ |title=First time's the charm: Ireland women set for maiden bilateral series in India |work=InsideSport |access-date=25 September 2024 |date=8 June 2024}}</ref> It was the Ireland women's side's first tour to India and first ever bilateral series between the two sides.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/130649/ireland-women-set-to-play-maiden-bilateral-series-in-india |title=Ireland Women set to play maiden bilateral series in India |work=[[Cricbuzz]] |access-date=25 September 2024 |date=7 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://scoresnow.in/blog/ireland-women-to-play-maiden-bilateral-series-in-india/ |title=Ireland Women To Play Maiden Bilateral Series In India |work=Scores Now |access-date=25 September 2024 |date=8 June 2024}}</ref><br />
<br />
India won the first match by six wickets, with [[Pratika Rawal]] and [[Tejal Hasabnis]]' match winning performance.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/133068/rawal-hasabnis-star-in-indias-comfortable-win-against-ireland |title=Rawal, Hasabnis star in India's comfortable win against Ireland |work=[[Cricbuzz]] |access-date=10 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/women-cricket-news/59622-pratika-rawals-89-and-tejal-hasabnis-53-help-india-take-early-lead-over-ireland.html |title=Pratika Rawal's 89 and Tejal Hasabnis' 53* help India take early lead over Ireland |work=Female Cricket |access-date=10 January 2025}}</ref> The hosts won the second match by 116 runs and secured the series 2–0, with [[Jemimah Rodrigues]]' maiden ODI century (102) India recorded their highest total in women's ODIs (370).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/icc-womens-championship/news/rodrigues-guides-india-to-record-odi-total-and-series-win-over-ireland |title=Rodrigues guides India to record ODI total and series win over Ireland |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |access-date=12 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ire-vs-ind-women-odis-stats-india-break-partnership-records-to-post-their-highest-ever-odi-total-1468684 |title=Stats - India break partnership records, post their highest-ever ODI total |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=12 January 2025}}</ref> Later it broke in third ODI when India scored 435.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/435/5-india-create-their-biggest-odi-total-record-vs-ireland/articleshow/117262032.cms |title=435/5! India create their biggest ODI total record vs Ireland |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=15 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/icc-womens-championship/news/india-cross-major-odi-milestone-to-join-new-zealand-and-australia-in-elite-club |title=India cross major ODI milestone to join New Zealand and Australia in elite club |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |access-date=15 January 2025}}</ref> With the magnificent maiden century of [[Pratika Rawal]] (154) and [[Smriti Mandhana]]'s 10th and fastest century, India won final ODI match by 304 run, which was India's biggest margin of victory in terms of runs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/133115/rawal-mandhana-headline-record-smashing-win-as-india-inflict-whitewash |title=Rawal, Mandhana headline record-smashing win as India inflict whitewash |work=[[Cricbuzz]] |access-date=15 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/sports/cricket/ind-w-vs-ire-w-pratika-rawal-shatters-world-record-in-women-s-odis-with-a-maiden-international-century-against-ireland-2025-01-15-971381 |title=Pratika Rawal shatters world record in women's ODIs with a maiden international century against Ireland |work=[[India TV]] |access-date=15 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/sports/mandhana-smashes-70-ball-ton-as-records-fall-by-wayside-in-india-s-304runvictory-101736943849150.html |title=Mandhana smashes 70-ball ton as records fall by wayside in India's 304-run-victory |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |access-date=15 January 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
====1st ODI====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 10 January 2025<br />
| time = 11:00<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IRE}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 238/7 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Gaby Lewis]] 92 (129)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Priya Mishra]] 2/56 (9 overs)<br />
| score2 = 241/4 (34.3 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Pratika Rawal]] 89 (96)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Aimee Maguire]] 3/57 (8 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 6 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1459897.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Niranjan Shah Stadium]], [[Rajkot]]<br />
| umpires = [[Kim Cotton]] (NZ) and Akshay Totre (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Pratika Rawal]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = Ireland won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = Women's Championship points: India 2, Ireland 0.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
<br />
====2nd ODI====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 12 January 2025<br />
| time = 11:00<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|IRE}}<br />
| score1 = 370/5 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Jemimah Rodrigues]] 102 (91)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Orla Prendergast]] 2/75 (8 overs)<br />
| score2 = 254/7 (50 overs)<br />
| runs2 = Christina Coulter Reilly 80 (113)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Deepti Sharma]] 3/37 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 116 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1459898.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Niranjan Shah Stadium]], [[Rajkot]]<br />
| umpires = [[Vrinda Rathi]] (Ind) and [[Virender Sharma]] (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Jemimah Rodrigues]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = Women's Championship points: India 2, Ireland 0.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
<br />
====3rd ODI====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 15 January 2025<br />
| time = 11:00<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|IRE}}<br />
| score1 = 435/5 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Pratika Rawal]] 154 (129)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Orla Prendergast]] 2/71 (8 overs)<br />
| score2 = 131 (31.4 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Sarah Forbes (cricketer)|Sarah Forbes]] 41 (44)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Deepti Sharma]] 3/27 (8.4 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 304 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1459899.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Niranjan Shah Stadium]], [[Rajkot]]<br />
| umpires = [[Kim Cotton]] (NZ) and Akshay Totre (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Pratika Rawal]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = Women's Championship points: India 2, Ireland 0.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup|2025 ICC Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup squads}}<br />
[[India women's national under-19 cricket team|India]] entered as the defending champions<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-women-s-under-19-t20-world-cup-2022-23-1336137/india-women-under-19s-vs-england-women-under-19s-final-1336195/match-report |title=Dominant India win inaugural U-19 Women's T20 World Cup |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |date=29 January 2023 |access-date=31 January 2023}}</ref> in the [[2025 Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup]], held in [[Malaysia]] from 18 January to 2 February 2025.<ref name= "ICCwu19fixtures">{{cite web |title=Groups, fixtures revealed for U19 Women’s T20 World Cup 2025 |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/u19-womenst20worldcup/news/groups-fixtures-revealed-for-u19-women-s-t20-world-cup-2025 |access-date=18 August 2024 |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=U19 Women's T20 World Cup 2025: India grouped with WI, Sri Lanka and Malaysia |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/u19-womens-t20-world-cup-2025-india-grouped-with-wi-sri-lanka-and-hosts-malaysia-1447812 |access-date=18 August 2024 |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref> India won their second consecutive title by defeating [[South Africa women's national under-19 cricket team|South Africa]] by 9 wickets in the final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India clinches back-to-back U19 World Cup titles |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/u19-womenst20worldcup/news/live-south-africa-bat-first-in-u19-world-cup-final-against-india |access-date=2025-02-02 |website=International Cricket Council|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=2 February 2025 |title=IND vs SA U19 T20 WC final Highlights: India crowned two-time champion; Trisha, spinners shine in nine-wicket thrashing of South Africa |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/india-vs-south-africa-u19-womens-t20-world-cup-live-score-ind-vs-sa-women-match-updates-streaming-info-highlights/article69170376.ece |work=SportStar}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Group Stage ====<br />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=CricketRR<br />
|source=[[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref name="PP">{{cite web |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-women-s-under-19-t20-world-cup-2024-25-1447902/points-table-standings |title=Women's U19 T20 WC 2025 – Points Table |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=19 August 2024}}</ref><br />
|update=complete<br />
<br />
|team_order=IND, SL, WIN, MAS<br />
<br />
|win_IND=3 |loss_IND= |nr_IND= |rs_IND=197 |or_IND=27.1 <br />
|rc_IND=133 |ob_IND=60<br />
|win_MAS=0 |loss_MAS=3 |nr_MAS= |rs_MAS=113 |or_MAS=60<br />
|rc_MAS=306 |ob_MAS=42.5<br />
|win_SL=2 |loss_SL=1 |nr_SL=0<br />
|rs_SL=386 |or_SL=60 <br />
|rc_SL=226 |ob_SL=60<br />
|win_WIN=1 |loss_WIN=2 |nr_WIN= |rs_WIN=241 |or_WIN=60 <br />
|rc_WIN=272 |ob_WIN=44.2<br />
<br />
|name_IND={{crw19|IND}}<br />
|name_MAS={{crw19|MAS}}<br />
|name_SL={{crw19|SL}}<br />
|name_WIN={{crw19|WIN}}<br />
<br />
|result1=Q<br />
|result2=Q<br />
|result3=Q<br />
|result4=P<br />
|status_MAS=H<br />
|col_Q=green1<br />
|col_P=yellow1<br />
|res_col_header=Q<br />
|text_Q=Advanced to the [[#Group 1|Super 6]]<br />
|text_P={{nobr|Advanced to the [[#Fourth place play-offs|play-offs]]}}<br />
}}<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 19 January 2025<br />
| time = 14:30<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw19-rt|WIN}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw19|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 44 (13.2 overs)<br />
| runs1 = Kenika Cassar 15 (29)<br />
| wickets1 = Parunika Sisodia 3/7 (2.2 overs)<br />
| score2 = 47/1 (4.2 overs)<br />
| runs2 = Sanika Chalke 18[[not out|*]] (11)<br />
| wickets2 = Jahzara Claxton 1/18 (2 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 9 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1447910.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Bayuemas Oval]], [[Pandamaran]]<br />
| umpires = [[Shathira Jakir]] (Ban) and [[Dedunu Silva]] (SL)<br />
| motm = VJ Joshitha (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| round =<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 21 January 2025<br />
| time = 14:30<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw19-rt|MAS}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw19|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 31 (14.3 overs) <br />
| runs1 = Nazatul Hidayah Husna 5 (10) <br />
| wickets1 = Vaishnavi Sharma 5/5 (4 overs) <br />
| score2 = 32/0 (2.5 overs) <br />
| runs2 = [[Gongadi Trisha]] 27[[not out|*]] (12) <br />
| wickets2 = <br />
| result = India won by 10 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1447918.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Bayuemas Oval]], [[Pandamaran]]<br />
| umpires = [[Rizwan Akram]] (Ned) and Vijaya Mallela (USA)<br />
| motm = Vaishnavi Sharma (Ind) <br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| round =<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 23 January 2025<br />
| time = 14:30<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw19-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw19|SL}}<br />
| score1 = 118/9 (20 overs) <br />
| runs1 = [[Gongadi Trisha]] 49 (44)<br />
| wickets1 = Pramudi Methsara 2/10 (3 overs) <br />
| score2 = 58/9 (20 overs) <br />
| runs2 = [[Rashmika Sewwandi]] 15 (12) <br />
| wickets2 = Parunika Sisodia 2/7 (4 overs) <br />
| result = India won by 60 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1447926.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Bayuemas Oval]], [[Pandamaran]]<br />
| umpires = Vijaya Mallela (USA) and Aidan Seaver (Ire) <br />
| motm = [[Gongadi Trisha]] (Ind) <br />
| toss = Sri Lanka won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| round =<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Super Six ====<br />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=CricketRR<br />
|section=Group 1<br />
|update=complete<br />
|show_win=y<br />
|source=[[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref name="PP" /><br />
|res_col_header=Qualification<br />
<br />
|team1=IND<br />
|team2=AUS<br />
|team3=SL<br />
|team4=BAN<br />
|team5=SCO<br />
|team6=WIN<br />
<br />
|win_AUS=3 |loss_AUS=1 |nr_AUS=0 |rs_AUS=285 |or_AUS=56.5 |rc_AUS=291 |ob_AUS=80<br />
|win_BAN=2 |loss_BAN=2 |nr_BAN= 0 |rs_BAN=330 |or_BAN=68.5 |rc_BAN=315 |ob_BAN=59.3<br />
|win_IND=4 |loss_IND=0 |nr_IND=0 |rs_IND=439 |or_IND=51.3 |rc_IND=224 |ob_IND=80<br />
|win_SL=2 |loss_SL=1 |nr_SL=1 |rs_SL=323 |or_SL=60 |rc_SL=290 |ob_SL=60<br />
|win_SCO=0 |loss_SCO=3 |nr_SCO=1 |rs_SCO=209 |or_SCO=60 |rc_SCO=377 |ob_SCO=46.4<br />
|win_WIN=0 |loss_WIN=4 |nr_WIN=0 |rs_WIN=236 |or_WIN=73 |rc_WIN=325 |ob_WIN=44<br />
<br />
|name_AUS={{crw19|AUS}}<br />
|name_BAN={{crw19|BAN}}<br />
|name_IND={{crw19|IND}}<br />
|name_SCO={{crw19|SCO}}<br />
|name_SL={{crw19|SL}}<br />
|name_WIN={{crw19|WIN}}<br />
<br />
<br />
|result1=Q |result2=Q<br />
|col_Q=green1<br />
|text_Q={{nobr|Advanced to the}} [[#Semi-finals|semi-finals]]<br />
}}<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 26 January 2025<br />
| time = 14:30<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw19-rt|BAN}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw19|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 64/8 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Sumaiya Akter]] 21[[not out|*]] (29)<br />
| wickets1 = Vaishnavi Sharma 3/15 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 66/2 (7.1 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Gongadi Trisha]] 40 (31)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Habiba Islam]] 1/15 (2 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 8 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1447934.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Bayuemas Oval]], [[Pandamaran]]<br />
| umpires = Ashlee Gibbons (Aus) and [[Saleema Imtiaz]] (Pak)<br />
| motm = Vaishnavi Sharma (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| round =<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 28 January 2025<br />
| time = 14:30<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw19-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw19|SCO}}<br />
| score1 = 208/1 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Gongadi Trisha]] 110[[not out|*]] (59)<br />
| wickets1 = Maisie Maceira 1/25 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 58 (14 overs)<br />
| runs2 = Pippa Kelly 12 (8) <br />
| wickets2 = Aayushi Shukla 4/8 (3 overs) <br />
| result = India won by 150 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1447938.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Bayuemas Oval]], [[Pandamaran]]<br />
| umpires = Maria Abbott (WI) and [[Kerrin Klaaste]] (SA)<br />
| motm = [[Gongadi Trisha]] (Ind) <br />
| toss = Scotland won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| round =<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Gongadi Trisha]] (Ind) scored her maiden century in YWT20I. She also became the first player to score a century in the history of U19 Women's T20 World Cup.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=28 January 2025 |title=Gongadi Trisha Creates History, Becomes First Player To Score Century In Women's U19 T20 World Cup |url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/gongadi-trisha-creates-history-becomes-first-player-to-score-century-in-womens-u19-t20-world-cup-9205165.html |work=News18}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Semi-final ====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 31 January 2025<br />
| time = 14:30<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw19-rt|ENG}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw19|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 113/8 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Davina Perrin]] 45 (40)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Parunika Sisodia]] 3/21 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 117/1 (15 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Gunalan Kamalini|G Kamalini]] 56[[not out|*]] (50)<br />
| wickets2 = Phoebe Brett 1/30 (4 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 9 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1447942.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Bayuemas Oval]], [[Pandamaran]]<br />
| umpires = Ashlee Gibbons (Aus) and [[Kerrin Klaaste]] (SA)<br />
| motm = [[Parunika Sisodia]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| round =<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Final====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 2 February 2025<br />
| time = 14:30<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw19-rt|SA}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw19|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 82 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = Mieke van Voorst 23 (18)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Gongadi Trisha]] 3/15 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 84/1 (11.2 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Gongadi Trisha]] 44[[not out|*]] (33)<br />
| wickets2 = Kayla Reyneke 1/14 (4 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 9 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1447943.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Bayuemas Oval]], [[Pandamaran]]<br />
| umpires = Nitin Bathi (Ned) and Ashlee Gibbons (Aus)<br />
| motm = [[Gongadi Trisha]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = South Africa won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| round =<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== England's tour of India ===<br />
{{Main|English cricket team in India in 2024–25}}<br />
The [[India national cricket team|India cricket team]] hosted the [[England cricket team]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=India to host Bangladesh, New Zealand and England during 2024-25 home season |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/india-to-host-bangladesh-new-zealand-and-england-during-2024-25-home-season-1439839 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref> to play three [[One Day International]] (ODI) and five [[Twenty20 International]] (T20I) matches from 22 January to 12 February 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date= 20 June 2024|title=India announce international fixtures for home season 2024-25 |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/india-announce-international-fixtures-for-home-season-2024-25 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=[[International Cricket Council]] |language=en}}</ref> The ODI series was used as preparation ahead of the [[2025 ICC Champions Trophy]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chauhan |first=Anukul |date=2024-06-21 |title=India's schedule raises concerns for ODI Champions Trophy in Pakistan |url=https://www.insidesport.in/cricket/india-cricket-team-schedule-raises-concerns-for-odi-champions-trophy-in-pakistan/ |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=Inside Sport India |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
====1st T20I====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 22 January 2025<br />
| time = 19:00<br />
| night = yes<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|ENG}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 132 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Jos Buttler]] 68 (44)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Varun Chakravarthy]] 3/23 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 133/3 (12.5 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Abhishek Sharma]] 79 (34)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Jofra Archer]] 2/21 (4 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 7 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439899.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Eden Gardens]], [[Kolkata]]<br />
| umpires = [[Jayaraman Madanagopal]] (Ind) and [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Varun Chakravarthy]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] became India's [[List of India Twenty20 International cricket records#Most career wickets|leading wicket taker in T20Is]] (97) going past [[Yuzvendra Chahal]] (96).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/arshdeep-singh-overtakes-yuzvendra-chahal-as-india-s-highest-t20i-wicket-taker-closes-in-on-iconic-100-milestone-101737553667177.html |title=Arshdeep Singh overtakes Yuzvendra Chahal as India's highest T20I wicket-taker, closes in on iconic '100' milestone |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |access-date=22 January 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
----<br />
<br />
====2nd T20I====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 25 January 2025<br />
| time = 19:00<br />
| night = yes<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|ENG}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 165/9 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Jos Buttler]] 45 (30)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Axar Patel]] 2/32 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 166/8 (19.2 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Tilak Varma]] 72[[not out|*]] (55)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Brydon Carse]] 3/29 (4 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 2 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439900.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium]], [[Chennai]]<br />
| umpires = [[K. N. Ananthapadmanabhan]] (Ind) and [[Virender Sharma]] (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Tilak Varma]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Jamie Smith (cricketer)|Jamie Smith]] (Eng) made his T20I debut.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
<br />
====3rd T20I====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 28 January 2025<br />
| time = 19:00<br />
| night = yes<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|ENG}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 171/9 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Ben Duckett]] 51 (28)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Varun Chakravarthy]] 5/24 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 145/9 (20 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Hardik Pandya]] 40 (35)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Jamie Overton]] 3/24 (4 overs)<br />
| result = England won by 26 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439901.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Niranjan Shah Stadium]], [[Rajkot]]<br />
| umpires = [[K. N. Ananthapadmanabhan]] (Ind) and [[Rohan Pandit]] (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Varun Chakravarthy]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
<br />
====4th T20I====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 31 January 2025<br />
| time = 19:00<br />
| night = yes<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}<br />
| score1 = 181/9 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Hardik Pandya]] 53 (30)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Saqib Mahmood]] 3/35 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 166 (19.4 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Harry Brook]] 51 (26)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Ravi Bishnoi]] 3/28 (4 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 15 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439902.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Maharashtra Cricket Association Stadium]], [[Pune]]<br />
| umpires = [[Jayaraman Madanagopal]] (Ind) and [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Shivam Dube]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Saqib Mahmood]] (Eng) became only the second bowler, after West Indies' [[Jerome Taylor]] to complete a triple wicket maiden over in T20Is.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/ind-vs-eng-4th-t20i-englands-saqib-mahmood-registers-historic-triple-wicket-maiden-india-left-shell-shocked-9209932.html |title=England Pacer Saqib Mahmood Registers Historic Triple-Wicket Maiden Against India in 4th T20I |access-date=3 February 2025 |work=[[CNN-News18|News18]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wisden.com/series/india-vs-england-m-2025/cricket-news/watch-england-outsmart-sky-with-funky-leg-side-trap-to-cap-off-mahmood-triple-wicket-maiden |title=Watch: England Outsmart SKY With Funky Leg-Side Trap To Cap Off Mahmood Triple-Wicket Maiden |access-date=3 January 2025 |work=[[Wisden Cricketers' Almanack|Wisden]]}}</ref><br />
* [[Harshit Rana]] (Ind) made his T20I debut after replacing [[Shivam Dube]] (Ind) as a [[Substitute (cricket)#Concussion substitute|concussion substitute]] for India during the second innings. He became the first player from a [[List of International Cricket Council members#Full members|full member team]] to make his T20I debut as a concussion substitute.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=31 January 2025 |title=Harshit Rana first Indian cricketer to make T20I debut as concussion sub, wins match vs England by replacing Shivam Dube |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/harshit-rana-becomes-first-indian-cricketer-to-make-t20i-debut-as-a-concussion-sub-replaces-shivam-dube-vs-england-101738341025105.html |work=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=31 January 2025 |title=England fume after Harshit Rana debuts as a concussion sub for Shivam Dube |url=https://www.cricket.com/news/india-vs-england-4th-t20i-harshit-rana-debuts-as-a-concussion-sub-for-shivam-dube-1312025-1738341509793 |work=Cricket.com}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
----<br />
<br />
====5th T20I====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 2 February 2025<br />
| time = 19:00<br />
| night = yes<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}<br />
| score1 = 247/9 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Abhishek Sharma]] 135 (54)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Brydon Carse]] 3/38 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 97 (10.3 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Phil Salt]] 55 (23)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Mohammed Shami]] 3/25 (2.3 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 150 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439903.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Wankhede Stadium]], [[Mumbai]]<br />
| umpires = [[Rohan Pandit]] (Ind) and [[Virender Sharma]] (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Abhishek Sharma]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field. <br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = India made their highest powerplay score (95/1).<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2 February 2025 |title=IND vs ENG, 5th T20I: India scores its highest PowerPlay score in T20 Internationals |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/india-highest-powerplay-95-runs-score-record-ind-vs-eng-5th-t20i-mumbai/article69172978.ece |work=[[Sportstar]]}}</ref><br />
* [[Abhishek Sharma]] (Ind) set the highest individual score (135) surpassing [[Shubman Gill]] (126) and hit most sixes in an innings (13) going past [[Rohit Sharma]] (10) by an Indian player in T20Is.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2 February 2025 |title=IND vs ENG: Abhishek Sharma registers highest individual score by an Indian in T20Is |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/abhishek-sharma-registers-highest-individual-score-by-an-indian-t20is-shubman-gill-india-vs-england-5th-t20i/article69173229.ece |work=[[Sportstar]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/sports/ind-vs-eng-5th-t20-abhishek-sharma-hits-most-sixes-registers-highest-t20i-score-by-an-indian/3735622/ |title=Abhishek Sharma hits most sixes, registers highest T20I score by an Indian |work=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]] |access-date=2 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* India recorded their second-biggest victory in T20Is.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2 February 2025 |title=IND vs ENG, 5th T20I: India thumps England by 150 runs to register its second-biggest win in T20Is |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/india-beats-england-150-runs-second-biggest-win-margin-of-runs-t20i-cricket-news/article69173683.ece |work=[[Sportstar]]}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
====1st ODI====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 6 February 2025<br />
| time = 13:30<br />
| daynight = yes<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|ENG}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 248 (47.4 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Jos Buttler]] 52 (67)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 3/26 (9 overs)<br />
| score2 = 251/6 (38.4 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Shubman Gill]] 87 (96)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Adil Rashid]] 2/49 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 4 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439904.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Stadium]], [[Nagpur]]<br />
| umpires = [[K. N. Ananthapadmanabhan]] (Ind) and [[Sharfuddoula]] (Ban)<br />
| motm = [[Shubman Gill]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] and [[Harshit Rana]] (Ind) both made their ODI debuts.<br />
* [[Ravindra Jadeja]] (Ind) took his 600th wicket in international cricket,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/ravindra-jadeja-becomes-fifth-indian-cricketer-to-take-600-international-wickets-9217492.html |title=Ravindra Jadeja Becomes Fifth Indian Cricketer To Take 600. International Wickets |work=[[News18]] |access-date=6 February 2025}}</ref> and thus became the first Indian spinner to complete 6000 runs and 600 wickets in international cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/england-tour-of-india-2025/6000-runs-and-600-wickets-ravindra-jadeja-joins-elite-club/articleshow/117999273.cms |title=6,000 runs and 600 wickets: Ravindra Jadeja joins elite club |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=6 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Harshit Rana]] became the first Indian bowler to take a 3-wicket haul on debut in all three formats of international cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cricket.one/match-hub/dream-debut-alert-harshit-rana-becomes-the-first-indian-to-achieve-special-feat/67a4a330968452cc54ce7ae6 |title=Dream Debut Alert! Harshit Rana Becomes The First Indian To Achieve Special Feat |work=OneCricket |access-date=6 February 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
----<br />
<br />
====2nd ODI====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 9 February 2025<br />
| time = 13:30<br />
| daynight = yes<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|ENG}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 304 (49.5 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Joe Root]] 69 (72)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 3/35 (10 overs)<br />
| score2 = 308/6 (44.3 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 119 (90)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Jamie Overton]] 2/27 (5 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 4 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439905.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Barabati Stadium]], [[Cuttack]]<br />
| umpires = [[Chris Brown (cricketer, born 1973)|Chris Brown]] (NZ) and [[Jayaraman Madanagopal]] (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Varun Chakravarthy]] (Ind) made his ODI debut.<br />
* [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind) played his 50th ODI as captain.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/ind-vs-eng-2nd-odi-rohit-sharma-joins-ms-dhoni-and-virat-kohli-in-elite-list-of-indian-captains-9220703.html |title=IND Vs ENG 2nd ODI: Rohit Sharma Joins MS Dhoni And Virat Kohli In Elite List Of Indian Captains |work=[[News18]] |access-date=9 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Joe Root]] (Eng) scored his 56th fifty-plus score in ODIs, the most for England breaking the record of [[Eoin Morgan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/england-tour-of-india-2025/joe-root-surpasses-eoin-morgan-for-most-fifty-plus-scores-in-englands-odi-history/articleshow/118108794.cms |title=Joe Root surpasses Eoin Morgan for most fifty-plus scores in England's ODI history |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=9 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Rohit Sharma]] surpassed [[Sachin Tendulkar]] to become the 2nd highest run-scorer as an opener for India in international cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news24online.com/sports/india-vs-england-rohit-sharma-surpasses-sachin-tendulkar-in-a-stunning-record-details-inside/468482/ |title=India vs England: Rohit Sharma Surpasses Sachin Tendulkar In A Stunning Record |work=[[News 24 (Indian TV channel)|News24]] |access-date=9 February 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
----<br />
<br />
====3rd ODI====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 12 February 2025<br />
| time = 13:30<br />
| daynight = yes<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}<br />
| score1 = 356 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Shubman Gill]] 112 (102)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Adil Rashid]] 4/64 (10 overs)<br />
| score2 = 214 (34.2 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Gus Atkinson]] 38 (19)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Axar Patel]] 2/22 (6.2 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 142 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1439906.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Narendra Modi Stadium]], [[Ahmedabad]]<br />
| umpires = [[Sharfuddoula]] (Ban) and [[Virender Sharma]] (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Shubman Gill]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Shubman Gill]] (Ind) became the fastest batsman to cross 2,500 runs, in terms of innings (50), surpassing South Africa's [[Hashim Amla]] in ODIs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/shubman-gill-creates-history-becomes-fastest-batter-in-the-world-to-9224345.html|title=Shubman Gill becomes fastest to 2,500 ODI runs, surpasses Amla |work=[[News18]] |access-date=12 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Virat Kohli]] (Ind) scored 16,000 runs across all formats in Asia, becoming the 4th player overall to achieve this milestone. He also became the fastest to reach this feat in just 340 innings, surpassing [[Kumar Sangakkara]]'s 410 innings record.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!sports/virat-kohli-becomes-fastest-player-to-score-16000-runs-across-formats-in-asia-during-ind-vs-eng-3rd-odi-enn25021203603|title=Virat Kohli Becomes Fastest Player To Score 16,000 Runs Across Formats In Asia |work=[[ETV Network]] |access-date=12 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Shubman Gill]] scored his 5,000th run in international cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/shubman-gill-7th-odi-hundred-ahmedabad-ind-vs-eng-records-9831973/|title=Shubman Gill hits 7th ODI hundred vs England in Ahmedabad, becomes fastest batter to complete 2500 runs |work=[[Indian Express]] |access-date=12 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Shubman Gill]] became only the fifth player in international cricket history to score a century in all three formats at a single venue.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/england-tour-of-india-2025/shubman-gill-scripts-history-with-century-in-50th-odi/articleshow/118174697.cms|title=Shubman Gill scripts history with century in 50th ODI |work=[[Times of India]] |access-date=12 February 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Women's Premier League ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Women's Premier League (cricket)}}<br />
The [[2025 Women's Premier League (cricket)|2025 Women's Premier League]] was the third season of the [[Women's Premier League (cricket)|Women's Premier League]], featuring five teams and was held from 14 February to 15 March 2025.<ref name=":wplfixtures">{{Cite news |url=https://www.wplt20.com/news/baroda-bengaluru-lucknow-and-mumbai-to-host-wpl-2025 |title= Baroda, Bengaluru, Lucknow, and Mumbai to host WPL 2025| date=16 January 2025 |work=Women's Premier League |access-date=16 January 2025}}</ref> The tournament was played across four venues: [[Bengaluru]], [[Lucknow]], [[Mumbai]] and [[Vadodara]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/wpl-2025-host-venues-bcci-plans-to-host-womens-premier-league-in-mumbai-lucknow-bengaluru-vadodara/article69091864.ece |title= WPL 2025: BCCI to host tournament in Mumbai, Lucknow, Bengaluru and Vadodara| date=12 January 2025 |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=12 January 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== League Stage ====<br />
{{2025 Women's Premier League Points table}}<br />
{{Women's Premier League results summary|mode=progression/summary|format=playoff|dls=Y<br />
<!--| Home team | Away team | result | margin | DLS method? --><br />
<br />
| GG | RCB | A | 6W | <br />
| MI | DC | A | 2W | <br />
| GG | UPW | H | 6W | <br />
| DC | RCB | A | 8W | <br />
| GG | MI | A | 5W | <br />
| UPW | DC | A | 7W | <br />
| RCB | MI | A | 4W | <br />
| DC | UPW | A | 33R | <br />
| RCB | UPW | A | SO | <br />
| DC | GG | H | 6W | <br />
<br />
| MI | UPW | H | 8W | <br />
| RCB | GG | A | 6W | <br />
| DC | MI | H | 9W | <br />
| RCB | DC | A | 9W | <br />
| UPW | GG | A | 81R | <br />
| UPW | MI | A | 6W | <br />
| GG | DC | H | 5W | <br />
| UPW | RCB | H | 12R | <br />
| MI | GG | H | 9R | <br />
| MI | RCB | A | 11R | <br />
<br />
| P1W= MI | P1L= GG<br />
| P2W= MI | P2L= DC<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Playoffs ====<br />
{{2025 Women's Premier League Playoffs}}<br />
<br />
==== Final ====<br />
{{further|2025 Women's Premier League (cricket) final}}<br />
{{#section:2025 Women's Premier League (cricket)|match22}}<br />
{{Collapse top|Match scorecard<ref name=finalscorecard>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-15 |title=MI Women vs DC Women, Final at Mumbai, WPL, Mar 15 2025 - Full Scorecard |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/wpl-2024-25-1463356/delhi-capitals-women-vs-mumbai-indians-women-final-1469319/full-scorecard |access-date=2025-03-15 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref>|bg=lightblue}}<br />
<br />
; {{Visible anchor|1st innings}}<br />
{{Cricket match batting box begin|title=Mumbai Indians batting<ref name=finalscorecard/>}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Yastika Bhatia]]|status= c Rodrigues b Kapp|runs= 8|balls= 14|4s= 1|6s= 0|strike_rate=57.14}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Hayley Matthews]]|status= b Kapp|runs= 3|balls= 10|4s= 0|6s= 0|strike_rate=30.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Nat Sciver-Brunt]]|status= c Mani b Charani|runs= 30|balls= 28|4s= 4|6s= 0|strike_rate=107.14}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Harmanpreet Kaur]]|status= c Kapp b Sutherland|runs= 66|balls= 44|4s= 9|6s= 2|strike_rate=150.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Amelia Kerr]]|status= c Verma b Jonassen|runs= 2|balls= 3|4s= 0|6s= 0|strike_rate=66.66}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Sajeevan Sajana]]|status= lbw b Jonassen|runs= 0|balls= 2|4s= 0|6s= 0|strike_rate=0.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= G Kamalini|status= st †Bryce b Charani|runs= 10|balls= 7|4s= 0|6s= 1|strike_rate=142.85}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Amanjot Kaur]]|status= not out|runs= 14|balls= 7|4s= 2|6s= 0|strike_rate=200.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= Sanskriti Gupta|status= not out|runs= 8|balls= 5|4s= 1|6s= 0|strike_rate=160.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Shabnim Ismail]]|status= did not bat|runs= |balls= |4s= |6s= |strike_rate=}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Saika Ishaque]]|status= did not bat|runs= |balls= |4s= |6s= |strike_rate=}}<br />
|- align=left<br />
| Extras || (b 1, w 7) || {{align|right|8}} || || || || <br />
|- align=right<br />
| {{align|left|'''Total'''}} || {{align|left|(7 wickets; 20 overs)}} || '''149''' || || 17 || 3 || RR: 7.45<br />
{{Cricket match box end}}<br />
'''Fall of wickets:''' 5/1 (Matthews, 3 ov), 14/2 (Bhatia, 4.3 ov), 103/3 (Sciver-Brunt, 14.5 ov), 112/4 (Kerr, 15.5 ov), 112/5 (Sajana, 16 ov), 118/6 (Harmanpreet, 17.1 ov), 132/7 (Kamalini, 18.4 ov)<br />
<br />
{{Cricket match bowling box begin|title=Delhi Capitals bowling<ref name=finalscorecard/>}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= [[Marizanne Kapp]]|overs= 4|maiden= 0|runs= 11|wickets= 2|econ= 2.75|wides= 0|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= [[Shikha Pandey]]|overs= 4|maiden= 0|runs= 29|wickets= 0|econ= 7.25|wides= 0|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= [[Annabel Sutherland]]|overs= 4|maiden= 0|runs= 29|wickets= 1|econ= 7.25|wides= 1|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= [[Jess Jonassen]]|overs= 3|maiden= 0|runs= 26|wickets= 2|econ= 8.66|wides= 0|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= Shree Charani|overs= 4|maiden= 0|runs= 43|wickets= 2|econ= 10.75|wides= 2|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= [[Minnu Mani]]|overs= 1|maiden= 0|runs= 10|wickets= 0|econ= 10.00|wides= 0|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match box end}}<br />
<br />
; {{Visible anchor|2nd innings}}<br />
{{Cricket match batting box begin|title=Delhi Capitals batting<ref name=finalscorecard/>}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Meg Lanning]]|status= b Sciver-Brunt|runs= 13|balls= 9|4s= 2|6s= 0|strike_rate=144.44}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Shafali Verma]]|status= lbw b Ismail|runs= 4|balls= 9|4s= 0|6s= 0|strike_rate=44.44}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Jess Jonassen]]|status= c †Bhatia b Kerr|runs= 13|balls= 15|4s= 2|6s= 0|strike_rate=86.66}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Jemimah Rodrigues]]|status= c & b Kerr|runs= 30|balls= 21|4s= 4|6s= 0|strike_rate=142.85}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Annabel Sutherland]]|status= st †Bhatia b Ishaque|runs= 2|balls= 5|4s= 0|6s= 0|strike_rate=40.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Marizanne Kapp]]|status= c Matthews b Sciver-Brunt|runs= 40|balls= 26|4s= 5|6s= 2|strike_rate=153.84}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Sarah Bryce]]|status= run out (Gupta/†Bhatia)|runs= 5|balls= 5|4s= 0|6s= 0|strike_rate=100.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= Niki Prasad|status= not out|runs= 25|balls= 23|4s= 1|6s= 1|strike_rate=108.69}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Shikha Pandey]]|status= b Sciver-Brunt|runs= 0|balls= 1|4s= 0|6s= 0|strike_rate=0.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= [[Minnu Mani]]|status= c Sajana b Matthews|runs= 4|balls= 2|4s= 1|6s= 0|strike_rate=200.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player= Shree Charani|status= not out|runs= 3|balls= 4|4s= 0|6s= 0|strike_rate=75.00}}<br />
|- align=left<br />
| Extras || (lb 1, w 1) || {{align|right|2}} || || || || <br />
|- align=right<br />
| {{align|left|'''Total'''}} || {{align|left|(9 wickets; 20 overs)}} || '''141''' || || 15 || 3 || RR: 7.05<br />
{{Cricket match box end}}<br />
'''Fall of wickets:''' 15/1 (Lanning, 2 ov), 17/2 (Verma, 3 ov), 37/3 (Jonassen, 6.2 ov), 44/4 (Sutherland, 8 ov), 66/5 (Rodrigues, 10.4 ov), 83/6 (Bryce, 12.5 ov), 123/7 (Kapp, 17.4 ov), 123/8 (Pandey, 17.5 ov), 128/9 (Mani, 18.2 ov)<br />
<br />
{{Cricket match bowling box begin|title=Mumbai Indians bowling<ref name=finalscorecard/>}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= [[Shabnim Ismail]]|overs= 4|maiden= 0|runs= 15|wickets= 1|econ= 3.75|wides= 0|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= [[Nat Sciver-Brunt]]|overs= 4|maiden= 0|runs= 30|wickets= 3|econ= 7.50|wides= 0|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= [[Hayley Matthews]]|overs= 4|maiden= 0|runs= 37|wickets= 1|econ= 9.25|wides= 1|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= [[Amelia Kerr]]|overs= 4|maiden= 0|runs= 25|wickets= 2|econ= 6.25|wides= 0|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler= [[Saika Ishaque]]|overs= 4|maiden= 0|runs= 33|wickets= 1|econ= 8.25|wides= 0|no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match box end}}<br />
{{cob}}<br />
<br />
=== Champions Trophy ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Champions Trophy|2025 ICC Champions Trophy squads}}<br />
[[India men's national cricket team|India]] was one of the eight teams that participated in the [[2025 Champions Trophy]] held in [[Pakistan]] and [[United Arab Emirates]] from 19 February to 9 March 2025.<ref>{{cite news |title=USA co-hosts for 2024 T20 WC, Pakistan gets 2025 Champions Trophy, India and Bangladesh 2031 World Cup |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/usa-co-hosts-for-2024-t20-wc-pakistan-gets-2025-champions-trophy-india-and-bangladesh-2031-world-cup-1289589 |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |date=16 November 2021 |access-date=1 June 2024 |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116141837/http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/usa-co-hosts-for-2024-t20-wc-pakistan-gets-2025-champions-trophy-india-and-bangladesh-2031-world-cup-1289589 |url-status=live }}</ref> India qualified for the tournament after finishing in the top eight of the [[2023 Cricket World Cup]].<ref>{{cite news |title=2025 Champions Trophy qualification at stake during ODI World Cup |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/2025-champions-trophy-qualification-at-stake-during-odi-world-cup-1406055 |date=29 October 2023 |access-date=1 November 2023 |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] }}</ref> In November 2024, the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] (BCCI) informed the [[International Cricket Council]] that India wouldn't travel to Pakistan for the tournament, citing security concerns.<ref>{{cite news |title=India will not travel to Pakistan for 2025 Champions Trophy |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/india-will-not-travel-to-pakistan-for-2025-champions-trophy-1458978 |date=9 November 2024 |access-date=9 November 2024 |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] }}</ref> On 19 December 2024, following an agreement between BCCI and [[Pakistan Cricket Board|PCB]], the ICC in an update issued on India and Pakistan hosted matches at ICC events, established that the ICC Champions Trophy 2025 will be played across Pakistan and a neutral venue.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 December 2024 |title=India to play Champions Trophy matches at neutral venue {{!}} cricket.com.au |url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/4189050/india-to-play-champions-trophy-matches-at-neutral-venue |access-date=20 December 2024 |website=www.cricket.com.au |archive-date=20 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241220161822/https://www.cricket.com.au/news/4189050/india-to-play-champions-trophy-matches-at-neutral-venue |url-status=live }}</ref> <br />
<br />
[[India national cricket team|India]] became the champions by defeating [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] in the [[2025 ICC Champions Trophy final|final]] and also became the first team to win three [[Champions Trophy]] titles.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=9 March 2025 |title=India edge New Zealand to win the Champions Trophy 2025 |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/champions-trophy-2025/news/live-india-and-new-zealand-on-crossroads-in-the-champions-trophy-final |work=International Cricket Council}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Group Stage ====<br />
{{2025 ICC Champions Trophy Group A}}<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 20 February 2025<br />
| time = {{UTZ|13:00|+4}}<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|BAN}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 228 (49.4 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Towhid Hridoy]] 100 (118)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Mohammed Shami]] 5/53 (10 overs)<br />
| score2 = 231/4 (46.3 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Shubman Gill]] 101[[not out|*]] (129)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Rishad Hossain]] 2/38 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 6 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1466415.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Dubai International Cricket Stadium]], [[Dubai]]<br />
| umpires = [[Adrian Holdstock]] (SA) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)<br />
| motm = [[Shubman Gill]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = Bangladesh won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] (Ind) played in his 200th ODI match.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=20 February 2025 |title=Ravindra Jadeja reaches major milestone in India's Champions Trophy 2025 opener against Bangladesh|url=https://www.firstpost.com/firstcricket/ravindra-jadeja-reaches-major-milestone-in-indias-champions-trophy-2025-opener-against-bangladesh-13865057.html|work=Firstpost}}</ref><br />
* [[Mohammed Shami]] (Ind) took his 200th wicket in ODIs. He became the joint second-fastest man to take 200 ODI wickets, in terms of matches played and the fastest to 200 by balls bowled.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=20 February 2025 |title=Champions Trophy 2025: Mohammed Shami becomes fastest Indian bowler to reach 200 ODI wickets |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/champions-trophy/mohammed-shami-fastest-to-200-odi-wickets-record-stats-india-vs-bangladesh-champions-trophy-2025/article69241971.ece |work=Sportstar}}</ref><br />
* Shami also took his 60th wicket in an ICC ODI tournament: the most by an Indian bowler, moving past [[Zaheer Khan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cricketaddictor.com/cricket-news/mohammed-shami-creates-history-becomes-indias-goat-in-icc-events-fastest-to-200-odi-wickets/#:~:text=Meanwhile%2C%20Mohammed%20Shami%20has%20etched,Khan's%20tally%20of%2071%20wickets.|title=Mohammed Shami creates history, becomes India's GOAT in ICC events & fastest to 200 ODI wickets |work=cricketaddictor.com |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* The 154-run partnership between [[Jaker Ali]] and [[Towhid Hridoy]] was Bangladesh's highest for the 6th wicket in ODIs breaking the record of [[Mahmudullah]] and Jaker Ali.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=20 February 2025 |title=IND vs BAN: Jaker Ali, Towhid Hridoy record highest sixth-wicket partnership for Bangladesh in ODIs |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/champions-trophy/ind-vs-ban-jaker-ali-towhid-hridoy-record-highest-sixth-wicket-partnership-for-bangladesh-in-odis/article69242542.ece |work=Sportstar}}</ref><br />
* Towhid Hridoy (Ban) scored his maiden [[Century (cricket)|century]] in ODIs.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=20 February 2025 |title=Champions Trophy: Towhid puts Indian bowlers on notice with maiden ODI 100 |url=https://www.business-standard.com/cricket/champions-trophy/champions-trophy-towhid-put-indian-bowlers-on-notice-with-maiden-odi-100-125022000958_1.html |work=Business Standard}}</ref><br />
* [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind) completed 11,000 runs in ODIs, becoming the fourth Indian batter to do so. He became the second-quickest to reach 11,000 runs in 261 innings, after Virat Kohli.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=20 February 2025 |title=Rohit Sharma becomes second -fastest player in the world to complete 11,000 ODI runs |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/champions-trophy/rohit-sharma-11000-odi-runs-fourth-indian-second-fastest-stats-sachin-kohli-ganguly-numbers-record/article69210200.ece |work=Sportstar}}</ref><br />
* Rohit Sharma (Ind) reached 100 wins as an international captain.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/rohit-sharma-creates-history-becomes-first-captain-in-the-world-to-win-100-matches-after-turning-30-years-old-article-118422314|title=Rohit Sharma Creates History, Becomes First Captain In The World To.... |work=[[Times Now]] |access-date=20 February 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 23 February 2025<br />
| time = {{UTZ|13:00|+4}}<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|PAK}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 241 (49.4 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Saud Shakeel]] 62 (76)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Kuldeep Yadav]] 3/40 (9 overs)<br />
| score2 = 244/4 (42.3 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Virat Kohli]] 100[[not out|*]] (111)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Shaheen Afridi]] 2/74 (8 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 6 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1466418.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Dubai International Cricket Stadium]], [[Dubai]]<br />
| umpires = [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)<br />
| motm = [[Virat Kohli]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = Pakistan won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Virat Kohli]] (Ind) took his 158th catch, the most for India in ODIs, going past [[Mohammad Azharuddin]] (156).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/champions-trophy/virat-kohli-record-most-catches-by-indian-fielder-odi-stats-india-vs-pakistan-cricket-champions-trophy-2025/article69242686.ece#:~:text=Photo%20Credit%3A%20AP-,Virat%20Kohli%20became%20the%20most%20successful%20Indian%20fielder%20in%20terms,Azharuddin's%20record%20of%20156%20catches.|title=Champions Trophy 2025: Kohli goes past Azharuddin's record for most catches by an Indian fielder in ODIs|work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=23 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* Virat Kohli (Ind) completed 14,000 runs in 287 innings in ODIs, becoming the fastest player to do so, going past [[Sachin Tendulkar]]'s 350 innings. He also became the third-highest run-scorer (27,503 runs) in international cricket, surpassing [[Ricky Ponting]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/ind-vs-pak-virat-kohli-14000-odi-runs-fastest-tendulkar-record-9851963/#:~:text=India%20batter%20Virat%20Kohli%20became,feat%20in%20only%20287%20innings.|title=IND vs PAK: Virat Kohli becomes fastest to hit 14,000 ODI runs, breaks Sachin Tendulkar's record|work=[[The Indian Express]] |access-date=23 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* Virat Kohli (Ind) scored an unbeaten 100, marking his 51st century in One Day Internationals. His century brought his tally of 50+ scores in ICC ODI events to 23, equaling Sachin Tendulkar's record. At 36 years and 110 days old, he became the oldest player to record a century in the ICC Champions Trophy.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=23 February 2025 |title=Kohli aces another chase for India, Pakistan stare at exit|url=https://ddnews.gov.in/en/kohli-aces-another-chase-for-india-pakistan-stare-at-exit/#:~:text=Milestone%20man%20Virat%20Kohli%20anchored,the%20arch%2Drivals%20on%20Sunday. |work=[[DD News]]}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 2 March 2025<br />
| time = {{UTZ|13:00|+4}}<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|NZ}}<br />
| score1 = 249/9 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Shreyas Iyer]] 79 (98)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Matt Henry (cricketer)|Matt Henry]] 5/42 (8 overs)<br />
| score2 = 205 (45.3 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Kane Williamson]] 81 (120)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Varun Chakravarthy]] 5/42 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 44 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1466425.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Dubai International Cricket Stadium]], [[Dubai]]<br />
| umpires = [[Michael Gough (cricketer)|Michael Gough]] (Eng) and [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng)<br />
| motm = [[Varun Chakravarthy]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = New Zealand won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Virat Kohli]] (Ind) played in his 300th ODI match.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2 March 2025 |title=Virat Kohli Scripts History In 300th ODI, Becomes First Player Ever In Cricket To... |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/icc-champions-trophy-2025/virat-kohli-scripts-history-in-300th-odi-becomes-first-player-ever-in-cricket-to-7828835 |work=NDTV Sports}}</ref><br />
* [[Varun Chakravarthy]] (Ind) took his maiden [[five-wicket haul]] in ODIs and became the third Indian to do so in the Champions Trophy.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2 March 2025 |title=India top Group A as Varun Chakaravarthy's five-for sinks New Zealand in Dubai |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/cricket/india-top-group-a-as-varun-chakaravarthys-five-for-sinks-new-zealand-in-dubai/cid/2086619 |work=Telegraph India}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Semi-final ====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 4 March 2025 <br />
| time = {{UTZ|13:00|+4}}<br />
| daynight = y<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AUS}}<br />
| score1 = 264 (49.3 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]] 73 (96)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Mohammed Shami]] 3/48 (10 overs)<br />
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}<br />
| score2 = 267/6 (48.1 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Virat Kohli]] 84 (98)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Nathan Ellis]] 2/49 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 4 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1466426.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Dubai International Cricket Stadium]], [[Dubai]]<br />
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng)<br />
| motm = [[Virat Kohli]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = Rohit Sharma (Ind) surpassed [[Chris Gayle]] for the most sixes in ICC ODI events.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=4 March 2025 |title=Rohit Sharma breaks Chris Gayle's record during CT semi-final |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2532302/rohit-sharma-breaks-chris-gayles-record-during-ct-semi-final |work=[[The Express Tribune]]}}</ref><br />
* Kohli became India's highest run-getter in Champions Trophy, surpassing [[Shikhar Dhawan]]'s 701 runs.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=4 March 2025 |title=Virat Kohli becomes India's highest run-scorer in Champions Trophy history, breaks Shikhar Dhawan's record |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/virat-kohli-becomes-2nd-batter-to-reach-8000-runs-in-odi-run-chases-during-ind-vs-aus-champions-trophy-semi-final-9868617/ |work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><br />
* Kohli became the first ever cricketer to score 1,000 runs and 10 fifty-plus scores in ICC knockout matches.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=4 March 2025 |title=Virat Kohli Creates History; Becomes First Player In The World To... |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/virat-kohli-creates-history-becomes-first-player-in-the-world-to-score-10-50-scores-and-1000-runs-in-icc-events-knockout-matches-article-118715447 |work=[[Times Now]]}}</ref><br />
* [[KL Rahul]] (Ind) completed 3,000 runs in 77 innings in ODIs.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=4 March 2025 |title=KL Rahul Becomes Third Fastest Indian to Score 3000 Runs in ODIs, Achieves Feat During IND vs AUS ICC Champions Trophy 2025 Semi-Final Match |url=https://www.latestly.com/socially/sports/cricket/kl-rahul-becomes-third-fastest-indian-to-score-3000-runs-in-odis-achieves-feat-during-ind-vs-aus-icc-champions-trophy-2025-semi-final-match-6686630.html |work=Latestly.com}}</ref><br />
* India qualified for the third consecutive final in Champions Trophy.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=4 March 2025 |title=India thump Australia to reach third consecutive Champions Trophy final|url=https://www.indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/india-beat-australia-qualify-champions-trophy-2025-final-dubai-9868708/lite/ |work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><br />
* Rohit Sharma (Ind) became the first captain to reach the final in all four ICC men's tournaments.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=5 March 2025 |title=Rohit Sharma Scripts Never-Seen-Before Record In ICC Events, Goes A Step Ahead Of MS Dhoni |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/icc-champions-trophy-2025/rohit-sharma-goes-a-step-ahead-of-ms-dhoni-in-icc-events-becomes-first-captain-ever-to-7848729 |work=[[NDTV]]}}</ref><br />
* [[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]] and [[Glenn Maxwell]] (Aus) both played their last ODI match.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=5 March 2025 |title=Australia great announces retirement from ODI cricket |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/tournaments/champions-trophy-2025/news/australia-great-announces-retirement-from-odi-cricket? |work=International Cricket Council}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/4248593/glenn-maxwell-announces-odi-one-day-50-over-retirement-australia-dual-world-cup-winner-double-century |title=Mercurial Maxwell calls time on memorable ODI career |work=[[Cricket Australia]] |access-date=2 June 2025}}</ref><br />
* India surpassed Australia with 14 ICC final appearances, the most in history.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=5 March 2025 |title=India Reserves A Spot In The Champions Trophy Finals And Surpasses Australia By Becoming The Team With The Most… |url=https://news24online.com/sports/india-reserves-a-spot-in-the-champions-trophy-finals-and-surpasses-australia-by-becoming-the-team-with-the-most/493908 |work=News24online}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Final ====<br />
{{main|2025 ICC Champions Trophy final}}<br />
{{#Section:2025 ICC Champions Trophy final|sc}}<br />
<br />
===Indian Premier League===<br />
{{Main|2025 Indian Premier League}}<br />
The [[2025 Indian Premier League]] was the 18th edition of the [[Indian Premier League]]. The tournament featured 10 teams competing in 74 matches. It began on 22 March and was held across 13 venues before being suspended on 9 May due to the [[2025 India–Pakistan crisis]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 May 2025 |title=IPL 2025 suspended amid India-Pakistan border tensions |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2025-suspended-over-india-pakistan-border-tensions-1485448 |access-date=14 May 2025 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |archive-date=9 May 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250509080730/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2025-suspended-over-india-pakistan-border-tensions-1485448 |url-status=live}}</ref> The matches resumed from 17 May across six venues, with the [[2025 Indian Premier League final|final]] rescheduled from 25 May to 3 June,<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2025 |title=IPL 2025: Ahmedabad to host final as RCB match moved amid Bengaluru rain |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/cp3qq4ddxk7o |access-date=24 May 2025 |work=[[BBC Sport]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Royal Challengers Bengaluru]] defeated [[Punjab Kings]] by 6 runs to win their maiden title after 18 years.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=3 June 2025 |title=RCB end 18 years of wait, romp to maiden IPL title with smashing win over Punjab Kings |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/royal-challengers-bengaluru-end-18-years-of-wait-romp-to-maiden-ipl-title-with-smashing-win-over-punjab-kings-101748972592771.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=3 June 2025 |title=Kohli and RCB are finally IPL champions |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/ipl-2025-1449924/punjab-kings-vs-royal-challengers-bengaluru-final-1473511/match-report |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
<br />
====League Stage====<br />
{{#section:2025 Indian Premier League|pt}}<br />
{{Indian Premier League results summary|mode=progression/summary|dls=Y<br />
| Home team | Away team | result | margin | DLS method?<br />
<br />
| KKR | RCB | A | 7W |<br />
| SRH | RR | H | 44R |<br />
| CSK | MI | H | 4W |<br />
| DC | LSG | H | 1W |<br />
| GT | PBKS | A | 11R |<br />
| RR | KKR | A | 8W |<br />
| SRH | LSG | A | 5W |<br />
| CSK | RCB | A | 50R |<br />
| GT | MI | H | 36R |<br />
| DC | SRH | H | 7W |<br />
| RR | CSK | H | 6R |<br />
| MI | KKR | H | 8W |<br />
| LSG | PBKS | A | 8W |<br />
| RCB | GT | A | 8W |<br />
| KKR | SRH | H | 80R |<br />
| LSG | MI | H | 12R |<br />
| CSK | DC | A | 25R |<br />
| PBKS | RR | A | 50R |<br />
| SRH | GT | A | 7W |<br />
| MI | RCB | A | 12R |<br />
| KKR | LSG | A | 4R |<br />
| PBKS | CSK | H | 18R |<br />
| GT | RR | H | 58R |<br />
| RCB | DC | A | 6W |<br />
| CSK | KKR | A | 8W |<br />
| LSG | GT | H | 6W |<br />
| SRH | PBKS | H | 8W |<br />
| RR | RCB | A | 9W |<br />
| DC | MI | A | 12R |<br />
| LSG | CSK | A | 5W |<br />
| PBKS | KKR | H | 16R |<br />
| DC | RR | H | SO |<br />
| MI | SRH | H | 4W |<br />
| RCB | PBKS | A | 5W |<br />
| GT | DC | H | 7W |<br />
| RR | LSG | A | 2R |<br />
| PBKS | RCB | A | 7W |<br />
| MI | CSK | H | 9W |<br />
| KKR | GT | A | 39R |<br />
| LSG | DC | A | 8W |<br />
| SRH | MI | A | 7W |<br />
| RCB | RR | H | 11R |<br />
| CSK | SRH | A | 5W |<br />
| KKR | PBKS | N | |<br />
| MI | LSG | H | 54R |<br />
| DC | RCB | A | 6W |<br />
| RR | GT | H | 8W |<br />
| DC | KKR | A | 14R |<br />
| CSK | PBKS | A | 4W |<br />
| RR | MI | A | 100R |<br />
| GT | SRH | H | 38R |<br />
| RCB | CSK | H | 2R |<br />
| KKR | RR | H | 1R |<br />
| PBKS | LSG | H | 37R |<br />
| SRH | DC | N | |<br />
| MI | GT | A | 3W | Y<br />
| KKR | CSK | A | 2W |<br />
| RCB | KKR | N | |<br />
| RR | PBKS | A | 10R |<br />
| DC | GT | A | 10W |<br />
| LSG | SRH | A | 6W |<br />
| CSK | RR | A | 6W |<br />
| MI | DC | H | 59R |<br />
| GT | LSG | A | 33R |<br />
| RCB | SRH | A | 42R |<br />
| PBKS | DC | A | 6W |<br />
| GT | CSK | A | 83R |<br />
| SRH | KKR | H | 110R |<br />
| PBKS | MI | H | 7W |<br />
| LSG | RCB | A | 6W |<br />
<br />
| P1W = RCB | P1L = PBKS<br />
| P2W = MI | P2L = GT<br />
| P3W = PBKS | P3L = MI<br />
| P4W = RCB | P4L = PBKS<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Playoffs ====<br />
<section begin="bracket"/>{{#invoke:bracket|4TeamBracket-PagePlayoff<br />
| team-width = 150px | score-width = 150px<br />
<br />
| RD1 = '''[[2025 Indian Premier League#Qualifier 1|Qualifier 1]]'''<br />
| RD1-text1 = 29 May 2025 {{en dash}} [[Maharaja Yadavindra Singh International Cricket Stadium|Mullanpur]]<br />
| RD1-seed1 = 1<br />
| RD1-team1 = [[Punjab Kings]]<br />
| RD1-score1 = 101 (14.1 overs)<br />
| RD1-seed2 = '''2'''<br />
| RD1-team2 = '''[[Royal Challengers Bengaluru]]'''<br />
| RD1-score2 = '''106/2 (10 overs)'''<br />
<br />
| RD1b = '''[[2025 Indian Premier League#Eliminator|Eliminator]]'''<br />
| RD1b-text1 = 30 May 2025 {{en dash}} [[Maharaja Yadavindra Singh International Cricket Stadium|Mullanpur]]<br />
| RD1b-seed1 = 3<br />
| RD1b-team1 = [[Gujarat Titans]]<br />
| RD1b-score1 = 208/6 (20 overs)<br />
| RD1b-seed2 = '''4'''<br />
| RD1b-team2 = '''[[Mumbai Indians]]'''<br />
| RD1b-score2 = '''228/5 (20 overs)'''<br />
<br />
| RD2 = '''[[2025 Indian Premier League#Qualifier 2|Qualifier 2]]'''<br />
| RD2-text1 = 1 June 2025 {{en dash}} [[Narendra Modi Stadium|Ahmedabad]]<br />
| RD2-seed1 = '''Q1L'''<br />
| RD2-team1 = '''[[Punjab Kings]]'''<br />
| RD2-score1 = '''207/5 (19 overs)'''<br />
| RD2-seed2 = EW<br />
| RD2-team2 = [[Mumbai Indians]]<br />
| RD2-score2 = 203/6 (20 overs)<br />
<br />
| RD3 = '''[[2025 Indian Premier League final|Final]]'''<br />
| RD3-text1 = 3 June 2025 {{en dash}} [[Narendra Modi Stadium|Ahmedabad]]<br />
| RD3-seed1 ='''Q1W'''<br />
| RD3-team1 = '''[[Royal Challengers Bengaluru]]'''<br />
| RD3-score1 = '''190/9 (20 overs)'''<br />
| RD3-seed2 = Q2W<br />
| RD3-team2 = [[Punjab Kings]]<br />
| RD3-score2 = 184/7 (20 overs)<br />
<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Final ====<br />
{{Main|2025 Indian Premier League final}}<br />
<section begin=match74/>{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = {{Start date|2025|06|03|df=y}}<br />
| time = 19:30<br />
| night = Y<br />
| team1 = [[Royal Challengers Bengaluru]]<br />
| team2 = [[Punjab Kings]]<br />
| score1 = 190/9 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Virat Kohli]] 43 (35)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] 3/40 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 184/7 (20 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Shashank Singh]] 61[[not out|*]] (30)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Krunal Pandya]] 2/17 (4 overs)<br />
| result = Royal Challengers Bengaluru won by 6 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1473511.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Narendra Modi Stadium]], [[Ahmedabad]]<br />
| umpires = [[Jayaraman Madanagopal]] (Ind) and [[Nitin Menon]] (Ind)<br />
| motm = [[Krunal Pandya]] (Royal Challengers Bengaluru)<br />
| toss = Punjab Kings won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| round = {{anchor|match74}} '''Final'''<br />
| rain =<br />
| notes = This match was originally scheduled for 25 May at the [[Eden Gardens]], before being rescheduled.<br />
* [[Royal Challengers Bengaluru]] won their maiden title after 18 years.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=3 June 2025 |title=RCB end 18 years of wait, romp to maiden IPL title with smashing win over Punjab Kings |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/royal-challengers-bengaluru-end-18-years-of-wait-romp-to-maiden-ipl-title-with-smashing-win-over-punjab-kings-101748972592771.html |work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=3 June 2025 }}</ref><br />
}}<section end=match74/><br />
{{collapse top|Match scorecard<ref name=iplfinalscorecard>{{Cite web |title=RCB vs PBKS Cricket Scorecard, Final at Ahmedabad, June 03, 2025 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/ipl-2025-1449924/tba-vs-tba-final-1473511/live-cricket-score |access-date=3 June 2025 |publisher=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref>|bg=lightblue}}<br />
: ''"(IMP)" indicates an [[2023 Indian Premier League#Impact player rule|Impact player]]''<br />
: ''"(SUB)" indicates an [[2023 Indian Premier League#Impact player rule|Substitute player]]''<br />
<br />
; 1st innings<br />
{{Cricket match batting box begin|title={{IPL Teams 1|rcb}} batting<ref name=iplfinalscorecard/>}} <br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Phil Salt]] |status= c Iyer b Jamieson |runs=16 |balls=9 |4s=2 |6s=1 |strike_rate=177.77}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Virat Kohli]] |status=c & b Omarzai |runs=43 |balls=35 |4s=3 |6s=0 |strike_rate=122.85}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Mayank Agarwal]] (SUB)|status=c Arshdeep b Chahal |runs=24 |balls=18 |4s=2 |6s=1 |strike_rate=133.33}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Rajat Patidar]] |status=lbw b Jamieson |runs=26 |balls=16 |4s=1 |6s=2 |strike_rate=162.50}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Liam Livingstone]] |status=lbw b Jamieson |runs=25 |balls=15 |4s=0 |6s=2 |strike_rate=166.66}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Jitesh Sharma]] |status=b Vyshak |runs=24 |balls=10 |4s=2 |6s=2 |strike_rate=240.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Romario Shepherd]] |status=lbw b Arshdeep |runs=17 |balls=9 |4s=1 |6s=1 |strike_rate=188.88}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Krunal Pandya]] |status=c Iyer b Arshdeep |runs=4 |balls=5 |4s=0 |6s=0 |strike_rate=80.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Bhuvneshwar Kumar]] |status= c Arya b Arshdeep |runs= 1 |balls= 2 |4s= 0 |6s= 0 |strike_rate=50.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Yash Dayal]] |status= not out |runs= 1 |balls=1 |4s= 0|6s=0 |strike_rate=100.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Josh Hazlewood]] |status= did not bat |runs= |balls= |4s= |6s= |strike_rate=}}<br />
|- align=left<br />
|colspan="4"| Extras 9 (w 9) <br> '''Total 190/9 (20 overs)'''<br />
|11<br />
|9<br />
| 9.50 RR<br />
{{Cricket match box end}}<br />
<br />
'''Fall of wickets:''' 1–18 (Salt, 1.4 ov), 2–56 (Agarwal, 6.2 ov), 3–96 (Patidar, 10.5 ov), 4–131 (Kohli, 14.5 ov), 5–167 (Livingstone, 16.5 ov), 6–171 (Jitesh, 17.4 ov), 7–188 (Shepherd, 19.2 ov), 8–189 (Krunal, 19.4 ov), 9–190 (Kumar, 19.6)<br />
<br />
{{Cricket match bowling box begin|title={{IPL Teams 1|pbks}} bowling<ref name=iplfinalscorecard/>}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] |overs=4 |maiden=0 |runs=40 |wickets=3 |econ=10.00 |wides=2 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Kyle Jamieson]] |overs=4 |maiden=0 |runs=48 |wickets=3 |econ=12.00 |wides=3 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Azmatullah Omarzai]] |overs=4 |maiden=0 |runs=35 |wickets= 1|econ=8.75 |wides=2 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Vijaykumar Vyshak]] |overs=4 |maiden=0 |runs=30 |wickets=1 |econ=7.50 |wides=2 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Yuzvendra Chahal]] (SUB)|overs=4 |maiden=0 |runs=37 |wickets=1 |econ=9.25 |wides=0 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match box end}}<br />
<br />
; 2nd innings<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Impact players<br />
! Team<br />
! Out<br />
! In<br />
|-<br />
! [[{{IPL Teams 1|rcb}}]]<br />
| [[Mayank Agarwal]] || [[Suyash Sharma]]<br />
|-<br />
! [[{{IPL Teams 1|pbks}}]]<br />
| [[Yuzvendra Chahal]] || [[Prabhsimran Singh]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{{Cricket match batting box begin|title={{IPL Teams 1|pbks}} batting<ref name=iplfinalscorecard/>}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Priyansh Arya]] |status=c Salt b Hazlewood |runs=24 |balls=19 |4s=4 |6s=0 |strike_rate=126.31}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Prabhsimran Singh]] (IMP) |status=c Kumar b Krunal |runs=26 |balls=22 |4s=0 |6s=2 |strike_rate=118.18}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Josh Inglis]] |status=c Livingstone b Krunal |runs=39 |balls=23 |4s=1 |6s=4 |strike_rate=169.56}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Shreyas Iyer]] |status=c †Jitesh b Shepherd |runs=1 |balls=2 |4s=0 |6s=0 |strike_rate=50.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Nehal Wadhera]] |status=c Krunal b Kumar |runs=15 |balls=18 |4s=0 |6s=1 |strike_rate=83.33}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Shashank Singh]] |status=not out |runs=61 |balls=30 |4s=3 |6s=6 |strike_rate=203.33}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Marcus Stoinis]] |status=c Dayal b Kumar |runs=6 |balls=2 |4s=0 |6s=1 |strike_rate=300.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Azmatullah Omarzai]] |status=c sub (Bhandage) b Dayal |runs=1 |balls=2 |4s=0 |6s=0 |strike_rate=50.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Kyle Jamieson]] |status=not out |runs=0 |balls=2 |4s=0 |6s=0 |strike_rate=0.00}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Vijaykumar Vyshak]] |status=did not bat |runs= |balls= |4s= |6s= |strike_rate=}}<br />
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]] |status=did not bat |runs= |balls= |4s= |6s= |strike_rate=}}<br />
|- align=left<br />
|colspan="4"| Extras 11 (lb 8, w 3) <br> '''Total 184/7 (20 overs)'''<br />
|8<br />
|14<br />
| 9.20 RR<br />
{{Cricket match box end}}<br />
<br />
'''Fall of wickets:''' 1–43 (Arya, 4.6 ov), 2–72 (Prabhsimran, 8.3 ov), 3–79 (Iyer, 9.4 ov), 4–98 (Inglis, 12.1 ov), 5-136 (Wadhera, 16.2 ov), 6–142 (Stoinis, 16.4 ov), 7–145 (Omarzai, 17.2 ov)<br />
<br />
{{Cricket match bowling box begin|title={{IPL Teams 1|rcb}} bowling<ref name=iplfinalscorecard/>}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Bhuvneshwar Kumar]] |overs=4 |maiden=0 |runs=38 |wickets=2 |econ=9.50 |wides=0 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Yash Dayal]] |overs=3 |maiden=0 |runs=18 |wickets=1 |econ=6.00 |wides=0 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Josh Hazlewood]] |overs=4 |maiden=0 |runs=54 |wickets=1 |econ=13.50 |wides=2 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Krunal Pandya]] |overs=4 |maiden=0 |runs=17 |wickets=2 |econ=4.25 |wides=0 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Suyash Sharma]] (IMP) |overs=2 |maiden=0 |runs=19 |wickets=0 |econ=9.50 |wides=0 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Romario Shepherd]] |overs=3 |maiden=0 |runs=30 |wickets=1 |econ=10.00 |wides=1 |no-balls=0}}<br />
{{Cricket match box end}}<br />
{{cob}}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 Sri Lanka Women's Tri-Nation Series]] ===<br />
The [[2025 Sri Lanka Women's Tri-Nation Series]] was a [[cricket]] series that took place in [[Sri Lanka]] in April and May 2025.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sri Lanka to host India, South Africa for ODI tri-series in April–May |url=https://cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/133682/sri-lanka-to-host-india-south-africa-for-odi-tri-series-in-april-may |access-date=6 March 2025 |work=[[Cricbuzz]]}}</ref> It was a tri-nation series involving [[India women's national cricket team|India]], [[South Africa women's national cricket team|South Africa]] and [[Sri Lanka women's national cricket team|Sri Lanka]] cricket teams, with the matches played in [[Women's One Day International|One Day International]] (ODI) format.<ref>{{cite web |title=India, Sri Lanka, South Africa to play women's ODI tri-series in April–May |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/india-sri-lanka-south-africa-to-play-women-s-odi-tri-series-in-april-may-1476178 |access-date=6 March 2025 |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref> In the final, India defeated Sri Lanka by 97 runs to win the series.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=11 May 2025 |title=Mandhana ton helps India seal tri-series with World Cup on horizon |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/mandhana-ton-helps-india-seal-tri-series-with-world-cup-on-horizon |work=International Cricket Council}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=11 May 2025 |title=Sneh Rana's 'simple plan' delivers big as India win Women's Tri-Nation Series |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/sneh-ranas-simple-plan-delivers-big-as-india-win-womens-tri-nation-series/articleshow/121083795.cms |work=Times of India}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Group Stage ====<br />
{{2025 Sri Lanka Women's Tri-Nation Series}}<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 27 April 2025<br />
| time = 10:00<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|SL}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 147 (38.1 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Hasini Perera]] 30 (46)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Sneh Rana (cricketer)|Sneh Rana]] 3/31 (8 overs)<br />
| score2 = 149/1 (29.4 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Pratika Rawal]] 50[[not out|*]] (62)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Inoka Ranaweera]] 1/32 (7.4 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 9 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1476980.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[R. Premadasa Stadium]], [[Colombo]]<br />
| umpires = [[Anna Harris]] (Eng) and [[Nimali Perera]] (SL)<br />
| motm = [[Pratika Rawal]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = The match was reduced to 39 overs per side due to rain and wet outfield.<br />
| notes = [[Malki Madara]], [[Piumi Wathsala]] (SL), [[Shree Charani]] and [[Kashvee Gautam]] (Ind) all made their ODI debuts.<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 29 April 2025<br />
| time = 10:00<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|SA}}<br />
| score1 = 276/6 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Pratika Rawal]] 78 (91)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Nonkululeko Mlaba]] 2/55 (10 overs)<br />
| score2 = 261 (49.2 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Tazmin Brits]] 109 (107)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Sneh Rana (cricketer)|Sneh Rana]] 5/43 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 15 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1476981.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[R. Premadasa Stadium]], [[Colombo]]<br />
| umpires = [[Anna Harris]] (Eng) and [[Dedunu Silva]] (SL)<br />
| motm = [[Sneh Rana (cricketer)|Sneh Rana]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Karabo Meso]] (SA) made her ODI debut.<br />
* [[Sneh Rana (cricketer)|Sneh Rana]] (Ind) took her first [[five-wicket haul]] in ODIs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/sneh-rana-pratika-rawal-india-women-beat-south-africa-women-2716970-2025-04-29 |title=Sneh Rana, Rawal star as India thump South Africa by 15 runs in Women's Tri series |work=[[India Today]] |access-date=29 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/sneha-rana-s-maiden-five-for-rawal-s-excellent-fifty-power-india-to-15-run-win-over-south-africa-101745929393804.html |title=Sneha Rana's maiden five-for, Rawal's excellent fifty power India to 15 run-win over South Africa |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |access-date=29 April 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 4 May 2025<br />
| time = 10:00<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|SL}}<br />
| score1 = 275/9 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Richa Ghosh]] 58 (48) <br />
| wickets1 = [[Chamari Athapaththu]] 3/43 (10 overs)<br />
| score2 = 278/7 (49.1 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Nilakshi de Silva]] 56 (33)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Sneh Rana (cricketer)|Sneh Rana]] 3/45 (10 overs)<br />
| result = Sri Lanka won by 3 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1476983.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[R. Premadasa Stadium]], [[Colombo]]<br />
| umpires = [[Anna Harris]] (Eng) and [[Dedunu Silva]] (SL)<br />
| motm = [[Nilakshi de Silva]] (SL)<br />
| toss = Sri Lanka won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Smriti Mandhana]] (Ind) played in her 100th ODI match.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/women-cricket-news/66566-smriti-mandhana-becomes-7th-indian-to-complete-100-womens-odis.html |title=Smriti Mandhana becomes 7th Indian to complete 100 Women's ODIs |work=Female Cricket |access-date=4 May 2025}}</ref><br />
* This was the highest match aggregate (553) involving India and Sri Lanka in women's ODIs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/headtohead/team-highest-match-aggregates/india-women-sri-lanka-women-1863vs3672/women-s-one-day-internationals-9 |title=Highest match aggregates for India Women vs Sri Lanka Women in WODIs |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=4 May 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 7 May 2025<br />
| time = 10:00<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|SA}}<br />
| score1 = 337/9 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Jemimah Rodrigues]] 123 (101)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Nadine de Klerk]] 2/54 (9 overs)<br />
| score2 = 314/7 (50 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Annerie Dercksen]] 81 (80)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Amanjot Kaur]] 3/59 (9 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 23 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1476984.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[R. Premadasa Stadium]], [[Colombo]]<br />
| umpires = [[Anna Harris]] (Eng) and [[Nimali Perera]] (SL)<br />
| motm = [[Jemimah Rodrigues]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = South Africa won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Shuchi Upadhyay]] (Ind) and [[Miané Smit]] (SA) both made their ODI debuts.<br />
* [[Deepti Sharma]] and [[Jemimah Rodrigues]]'s 122 run partnership became India's highest for the 5th wicket in women's ODIs, breaking the record of 108 between [[Mithali Raj]] and [[Veda Krishnamurthy]] in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/jemimah-rodrigues-deepti-sharma-create-history-becomes-first-player-in-the-world-to-compete-unique-feat-article-151583296 |title=Jemimah Rodrigues, Deepti Sharma Create History; Becomes First Player In The World to Compete Unique feat |work=Times Now |access-date=8 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/ton-up-jemimah-rodrigues-all-round-deepti-sharma-shine-as-ind-w-seal-spot-in-final-with-23-run-win-vs-sa-w-article-151586610 |title=Ton-Up Jemimah Rodrigues, All-Round Deepti Sharma Shine As Ind-W Seal Spot In Final With 23-Run Win VS SA-W |work=Times Now |access-date=8 May 2025}}</ref><br />
* This was the highest match aggregate (651) involving India and South Africa in women's ODIs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/headtohead/team-highest-match-aggregates/india-women-south-africa-women-1863vs3379/women-s-one-day-internationals-9 |title=Highest match aggregates for India Women vs South Africa Women in WODIs |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=8 May 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Final ====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 11 May 2025<br />
| time = 10:00<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|SL}}<br />
| score1 = 342/7 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Smriti Mandhana]] 116 (101)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Sugandika Kumari]] 2/59 (10 overs)<br />
| score2 = 245 (48.2 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Chamari Athapaththu]] 51 (66)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Sneh Rana (cricketer)|Sneh Rana]] 4/38 (9.2 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 97 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1476986.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[R. Premadasa Stadium]], [[Colombo]]<br />
| umpires = [[Anna Harris]] (Eng) and [[Nimali Perera]] (SL)<br />
| motm = [[Smriti Mandhana]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Kranti Goud]] (Ind) made her ODI debut.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Bengal Pro T20 League ===<br />
The 2025 [[Bengal Pro T20 League]] was held from 11 to 28 June 2025, consisting of eight teams playing in both men's and women's events respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cricket Association of Bengal Announces Season 2 of Bengal Pro T20 League |url=https://m.thewire.in/article/ptiprnews/cricket-association-of-bengal-announces-season-2-of-bengal-pro-t20-league |website=[[The Wire (India)|The Wire]] |language=en}}</ref> The Players' Draft was held at 19 May 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bengal Pro T20 League Season 2 Draft: Shahbaz, Porel, Manoj Tiwary Among Star Picks |url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/bengal-pro-t20-league-season-2-draft-shahbaz-porel-manoj-tiwary-among-star-picks-ws-l-9343687.html |website=[[News18]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Adamas Howrah Warriors]] won their maiden men's event title<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bengal Pro T20 League 2025: Howrah Warriors beat Murshidabad Kings to Win Title - Award Winners, Prize Money |url=https://www.mykhel.com/cricket/bengal-pro-t20-league-2025-howrah-warriors-beat-murshidabad-kings-to-win-title-award-winners-prize-369261.html |website=MyKhel |language=en}}</ref> whereas the [[Lux Shyam Kolkata Tigers]] won the women's event title for the consecutive second time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kolkata Tigers crowned champions for second time in women's Bengal Pro T20 League |url=https://www.ptinews.com/story/sports/kolkata-tigers-crowned-champions-for-second-time-in-women%E2%80%99s-bengal-pro-t20-league/2683153 |website=[[Press Trust of India]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Anderson Tendulkar Trophy ===<br />
{{Main|Indian cricket team in England in 2025}}<br />
The [[India national cricket team|India cricket team]] toured England from June to August 2025 to play the [[England cricket team]].<ref name="webEng">{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/england-to-host-india-men-and-women-tours-in-2025-1448317 |title=England to host India Men and Women tours in 2025 |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=23 August 2024}}</ref> The tour consisted of five [[Test cricket|Test]] matches.<ref name="webICC">{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/england-reveal-blockbuster-schedule-for-2025-summer |title=England reveal blockbuster schedule for 2025 summer |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=22 August 2024 |access-date=23 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/131378/leeds-to-host-england-india-test-series-opener-in-2025 |title=Leeds to host England-India Test series opener in 2025 |work=[[Cricbuzz]] |date=22 August 2024 |access-date=23 August 2024}}</ref> The series formed part of the [[2025–2027 World Test Championship|2025–2027 ICC World Test Championship]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/india-tour-of-england-test-series-2025-schedule-dates-and-venues-2586256-2024-08-22 |title=India to kickstart new WTC cycle with 5-Test series in England in 2025 |work=[[India Today]] |date=22 August 2024 |access-date=23 August 2024}}</ref> The [[Tendulkar-Anderson Trophy]] is awarded to the winner of the series. The trophy honours [[Sachin Tendulkar]] and [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=India, England to now play for the Tendulkar-Anderson trophy |url=https://ddnews.gov.in/en/india-england-to-now-play-for-the-tendulkar-anderson-trophy/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250717221421/https://ddnews.gov.in/en/india-england-to-now-play-for-the-tendulkar-anderson-trophy/ |archive-date=2025-07-17 |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=ddnews.gov.in |language=en-US}}</ref> The series was ended in 2-2, with both sides sharing the trophy and receiving the Pataudi medal of excellence.<br />
<br />
====1st Test====<br />
{{Two-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 20–24 June 2025<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 471 (113 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Shubman Gill]] 147 (227)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Ben Stokes]] 4/66 (20 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 465 (100.4 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Ollie Pope]] 106 (137)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 5/83 (24.4 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 364 (96 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[KL Rahul]] 137 (247)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Josh Tongue]] 3/72 (18 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns2 = 373/5 (82 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Ben Duckett]] 149 (170)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Shardul Thakur]] 2/51 (10 overs)<br />
<br />
| result = England won by 5 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448349.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Headingley Cricket Ground|Headingley]], [[Leeds]]<br />
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus)<br />
| motm = [[Ben Duckett]] (Eng)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain =<br />
| notes = [[Sai Sudharsan]] (Ind) made his Test debut.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/sai-sudharsan-debut-test-included-india-xi-headingley-test/article69716931.ece |title=ENG vs IND: Sai Sudharsan makes Test debut for India at Headingley |work=[[Sportstar]] |date=20 June 2025 |access-date=20 June 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Shubman Gill]] captained India for the [[List of India national cricket captains#Test|first time in Tests]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-tour-of-england/ind-vs-eng-shubman-gills-captaincy-debut-a-look-at-how-past-indian-skippers-fared/articleshow/121955739.cms |title=IND vs ENG: Shubman Gill's captaincy debut – A look at how past Indian skippers fared |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=20 June 2025 |access-date=20 June 2025}}</ref><br />
* Shubman Gill (Ind) scored his 2,000th run in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=20 June 2025 |title=Ind vs Eng 1st Test: Shubman Gill slams century on captaincy debut, enters elite club |url=https://www.mid-day.com/sports/cricket/article/ind-vs-eng-1st-test-captain-shubman-gill-leads-from-front-with-sublime-test-ton-23574534 |work=Mid-Day|date=20 June 2025 }}</ref><br />
* [[Rishabh Pant]] (Ind) scored his 3,000th run in Tests, becoming the leading Asian wicketkeeper in [[Glossary of cricket terms#SENA|SENA countries]] and the Indian wicketkeeper with the most Test centuries (7), both surpassing [[MS Dhoni]] and most sixes (62) by an Indian in the WTC, surpassing [[Rohit Sharma]].<ref>{{cite web |access-date=20 June 2025 |title=ENG vs IND: Rishabh Pant becomes second Indian wicketkeeper to 3000 Test runs after MS Dhoni |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/rishabh-pant-3000-test-runs-ms-dhoni-second-indian-india-vs-england-eng-v-india-1st-test/article69718956.ece |work=Sportstar|date=20 June 2025 }}</ref><br />
* [[Jasprit Bumrah]] (Ind) held the record for the highest number of Test wickets in SENA nations by any Asian bowler and equalled [[Kapil Dev]]’s away five-wicket haul tally.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=21 June 2025 |title=Jasprit Bumrah breaks Wasim Akram's mind-boggling record, proves why he's second to none |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/jasprit-bumrah-proves-why-he-is-second-to-none-eclipses-wasim-akram-to-achieve-mind-boggling-sena-record-101750521055809.html |work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=21 June 2025 }}</ref><br />
* [[Chris Woakes]] (Eng) scored his 2,000th run in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=22 June 2025 |title=Headingley Ashes snub looks puzzling with yet more magic on cards |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/cricket/2025/06/22/england-vs-india-live-first-test-day-three-score-latest/ |work=[[The Daily Telegraph|Telegraph]]|date=22 June 2025 |last1=Hoult |first1=Nick |last2=MacPherson |first2=Will |last3=Berry |first3=Scyld |last4=Wigmore |first4=Tim |last5=Bagchi |first5=Rob |last6=Crichard |first6=Kieran }}</ref><br />
* [[KL Rahul]] (Ind) completed 1,000 Test runs against England matched the second-most fifty-plus scores by an Indian opener in SENA Tests.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=23 June 2025 |title=KL Rahul equals Virender Sehwag's Test record in SENA after slamming fifty in IND vs ENG 1st Test |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/sports/cricket/kl-rahul-equals-virender-sehwag-test-record-in-sena-after-slamming-fifty-in-ind-vs-eng-1st-test-2025-06-23-995869 |work=[[India TV]]|date=23 June 2025 }}</ref><br />
* Rishabh Pant became the first Indian wicketkeeper to score centuries in both innings of a Test.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=23 June 2025 |title=Rishabh Pant creates history in Test cricket with twin tons, a feat even MS Dhoni never achieved |url=https://www.firstpost.com/firstcricket/rishabh-pant-century-india-vs-england-1st-test-day-4-headingley-13899844.html |work=Firstpost|date=23 June 2025 }}</ref><br />
* Five centuries were scored by Indian batsmen for the first time in a single Test.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=23 June 2025 |title=India vs England: First time in history! Team India creates unprecedented Test record |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-tour-of-england/india-vs-england-first-time-in-history-team-india-creates-unprecedented-test-record/articleshow/122030103.cms |work=[[Times of India]]|date=23 June 2025 }}</ref> It was also the first occurrence of the losing team scoring five centuries in a Test.<br />
* [[Ben Stokes]] (Eng) became the third England captain to claim 50 wickets in Test cricket .<br />
* World Test Championship Points: England 12, India 0.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====2nd Test====<br />
{{Two-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 2–6 July 2025<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 587 (151 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Shubman Gill]] 269 (387)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Shoaib Bashir]] 3/167 (45 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 407 (89.3 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Jamie Smith (cricketer)|Jamie Smith]] 184[[not out|*]] (207)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Mohammed Siraj]] 6/70 (19.3 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 427/6[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (83 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Shubman Gill]] 161 (162)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Josh Tongue]] 2/93 (15 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns2 = 271 (68.1 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Jamie Smith (cricketer)|Jamie Smith]] 88 (99)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Akash Deep]] 6/99 (21.1 overs)<br />
<br />
| result = India won by 336 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448350.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Edgbaston Cricket Ground|Edgbaston]], [[Birmingham]]<br />
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Sharfuddoula]] (Ban)<br />
| motm = [[Shubman Gill]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Shubman Gill]] (Ind) scored his maiden double [[Century (cricket)|century]] in Tests.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/shubman-gill-maiden-test-double-century-india-vs-england-edgbaston-10104329/ |title=Shubman Gill continues plunder as Indian captain with maiden Test double century |work=[[The Indian Express]] |access-date=3 July 2025}}</ref> He also broke [[Virat Kohli]]'s (254) record of highest individual score by an Indian captain in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=3 July 2025 |title=Shubman Gill Breaks Virat Kohli's Record Of Best Test Score By Indian Captain |url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/shubman-gill-breaks-virat-kohlis-record-of-best-test-score-by-indian-captain-ws-l-9419340.html |work=News18}}</ref> This score combined with his century in the second innings made the second-highest aggregate score ever.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=5 July 2025 |title=Gill breaks records with 430 as India rack up a rare 1000 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/eng-vs-india-2nd-test-stats-gill-overtakes-gavaskar-as-india-rack-up-1014-runs-1493702 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
* [[Ravindra Jadeja]] became the first-ever player to score 2,000 runs and take 100 wickets in WTC history.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=3 July 2025 |title=Ravindra Jadeja Creates History, Becomes 1st Player In The World To... |url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/ravindra-jadeja-creates-history-becomes-1st-player-in-the-world-to-ws-l-9419001.html |work=News18}}</ref><br />
* [[Jamie Smith (cricketer)|Jamie Smith]] (Eng) broke [[Alec Stewart]]'s record (173) for the highest score by an English wicket-keeper.<ref>{{cite web |first=Matthew |last=Henry |access-date=4 July 2025 |title=Why Smith could become England's greatest keeper-batter |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/cz098glrk13o |work=BBC}}</ref><br />
* [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] (Ind) scored his 2,000th run in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=3 July 2025 |title=Yashasvi Jaiswal Becomes Fastest Indian Batter To Score 2000 Runs In Tests|url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/yashasvi-jaiswal-becomes-fastest-indian-batter-to-score-2000-runs-in-tests-ws-l-9421822.html |work=News18}}</ref><br />
* [[Akash Deep]] (Ind) took his first [[five-wicket haul]] and [[ten-wicket haul]] in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=6 July 2025 |title=Akash Deep does to England what no other bowler in Test cricket has in 49 years; Akram, McGrath, Warne not even close |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/akash-deep-does-to-england-what-no-other-bowler-in-world-cricket-has-in-49-years-akram-mcgrath-warne-not-even-close-101751812298242.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/akash-deep-becomes-2nd-indian-bowler-to-take-10-wicket-haul-in-tests-in-england-ws-l-9424347.html |title=Akash Deep Becomes 2nd Indian Bowler To Take 10-Wicket Haul In Tests In England |work=News18 |access-date=6 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* This was India's first ever Test win at this venue.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=6 July 2025 |title=India break Birmingham jinx to level series 1-1 |url=https://m.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/134919/india-break-birmingham-jinx-to-level-series-1-1 |work=[[Cricbuzz]]}}</ref> It also became the first Asian team to win at this venue.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=6 July 2025 |title=India first Asian team to breach 'fortress' Edgbaston|url=https://www.indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/india-first-asian-team-to-breach-fortress-edgbaston-england-2nd-test-10110336/ |work=The Indian Express}}</ref><br />
* This was also India's [[List of India Test cricket records#Greatest win margins (by runs)|biggest Test victory by margin of runs away from home]].<ref>{{cite web |access-date=6 July 2025 |title=India's biggest win margin by runs: Shubman Gill & Co record fourth biggest win in Tests against England |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/india-biggest-win-margin-by-runs-tests-record-full-list-india-vs-england-2nd-test-stats/article69779946.ece |work=Sportstar}}</ref><br />
* World Test Championship Points: India 12, England 0.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====3rd Test====<br />
{{Two-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 10–14 July 2025<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|ENG}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 387 (112.3 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Joe Root]] 104 (199)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Jasprit Bumrah]] 5/74 (27 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 387 (119.2 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[KL Rahul]] 100 (177)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Chris Woakes]] 3/84 (27 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 192 (62.1 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Joe Root]] 40 (96)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Washington Sundar]] 4/22 (12.1 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns2 = 170 (74.5 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 61[[not out|*]] (181)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Ben Stokes]] 3/48 (24 overs)<br />
<br />
| result = England won by 22 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448351.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Lord's]], [[London]]<br />
| umpires = [[Paul Reiffel]] (Aus) and [[Sharfuddoula]] (Ban)<br />
| motm = [[Ben Stokes]] (Eng)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Joe Root]] (Eng) became the first ever cricketer to complete 3,000 Test runs against India.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/root-closes-in-on-milestone-ton-against-india-at-lord-s |title=Root closes in on milestone ton against India at Lord's |work=International Cricket Council |access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Jamie Smith (cricketer)|Jamie Smith]] (Eng) became the joint-fastest wicket-keeper-batter to complete 1,000 runs in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |title=England wicketkeeper equals world record with rapid start to Test career |url=https://www.wisden.com/series/england-vs-india-m-2025/cricket-news/england-wicketkeeper-jamie-smith-equals-world-record-rapid-start-test-career |access-date=11 July 2025 |work=[[Wisden]]}}</ref><br />
* World Test Championship Points: England 10, India 0.{{efn|name=|England were deducted a total of 2 points for maintaining a slow [[over-rate]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/england-docked-points-for-slow-over-rate |title=England docked WTC points for slow over rate in Lord's Test |work=[[International Cricket Council]]|access-date=16 July 2025}}</ref>}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====4th Test====<br />
{{Two-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 23–27 July 2025<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 358 (114.1 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Sai Sudharsan]] 61 (151)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Ben Stokes]] 5/72 (24 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 669 (157.1 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Joe Root]] 150 (248)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 4/143 (37.1 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 425/4 (143 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 107[[not out|*]] (185)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Chris Woakes]] 2/67 (23 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns2 = <br />
| runs-team2-inns2 = <br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 =<br />
<br />
| result = Match drawn<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448352.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Old Trafford Cricket Ground|Old Trafford]], [[Manchester]]<br />
| umpires = [[Ahsan Raza]] (Pak) and [[Rod Tucker]] (Aus)<br />
| motm = [[Ben Stokes]] (Eng)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Anshul Kamboj]] (Ind) made his Test debut.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/who-is-anshul-kamboj-test-debut-england-vs-india-4th-test/article69845927.ece |title=ENG vs IND, 4th Test: Anshul Kamboj makes his debut at Old Trafford |work=[[Sportstar]] |date=23 July 2025 |access-date=4 August 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] (Ind) completed 1,000 Test runs against England.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-tour-of-england/ind-vs-eng-test-yashasvi-jaiswal-creates-history-becomes-joint-second-fastest-indian-to-milestone/articleshow/122861830.cms |title=IND vs ENG Test: Yashasvi Jaiswal creates history, becomes joint-second fastest Indian to milestone |work=The Times of India|access-date=24 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[KL Rahul]], [[Rishabh Pant]] and [[Ravindra Jadeja]] (Ind) all crossed 1,000 runs in England in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=23 July 2025 |title=KL Rahul surpasses Virat Kohli, joins Tendulkar, Dravid in iconic run-scoring club during Manchester Test |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/kl-rahul-surpasses-virat-kohli-joins-tendulkar-dravid-in-iconic-run-scoring-club-during-manchester-test-101753270209940.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=27 July 2025 |title=Ravindra Jadeja becomes third cricketer to score 1000 runs and take 30 wickets in away country |url=https://www.livemint.com/sports/cricket-news/ravindra-jadeja-becomes-third-cricketer-to-score-1000-runs-and-take-30-wickets-in-away-country-11753632965921.html |work=Mint}}</ref> Thus, Pant also became the first ever visiting wicket-keeper to do so in England.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=23 July 2025 |title=Rishabh Pant Creates History, Becomes 1st Wicketkeeper-Batter In The World To... |url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/rishabh-pant-creates-history-becomes-1st-wicketkeeper-batter-in-the-world-to-2-ws-l-9459171.html |work=News18}}</ref><br />
* [[Joe Root]] (Eng) surpassed [[Ricky Ponting]] (Aus) to become the [[List of players who have scored 10,000 or more runs in Test cricket|second highest run-scorer of all time in Tests]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Matthew |last=Henry|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/cm202gepe72o |title=Root passes Ponting as England dominate India |work=[[BBC]] |access-date=25 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Jasprit Bumrah]] (Ind) took his 50th wicket in England.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=26 July 2025 |title=Bumrah becomes third Asian seamer to complete 50 Test wickets in England |url=https://www.livemint.com/sports/cricket-news/bumrah-becomes-third-asian-seamer-to-complete-50-test-wickets-in-england-11753482769925.html |work=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]}}</ref><br />
* [[Ben Stokes]] (Eng) became the first English captain to score a [[Century (cricket)|century]] and take a [[five-wicket haul]] in the same Test match.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/ben-stokes-creates-history-becomes-1st-cricketer-in-148-years-to-ws-l-9465301.html |title=Ben Stokes Creates History, Becomes 1st Cricketer In 148 Years To... |work=News 18 |access-date=26 July 2025}}</ref> He also scored his 7,000th run in Tests.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/stokes-joins-exclusive-test-all-rounders-list |title=Stokes joins exclusive Test all-rounders list|work=International Cricket Council|access-date=26 July 2025}}</ref> <br />
* This was England's highest total at this venue.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/highest-team-totals-against-india-tests-record-stats-england-669-runs-ind-vs-eng-4th-test/article69858279.ece |title=Highest Test totals against India: England posts 669 runs during 4th Test, 9th-highest score vs India|work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=26 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Shubman Gill]] (Ind) surpassed [[Virat Kohli]]'s (692) record of scoring most runs by an Asian batter in a Test series played in [[Glossary of cricket terms#SENA|SENA]] countries.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=26 July 2025 |title=Shubman Gill Breaks Virat Kohli's All-Time Batting Record Of Scoring Most Runs In...|url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/shubman-gill-breaks-virat-kohlis-record-of-scoring-most-runs-in-a-test-series-by-an-asian-batter-played-in-sena-countries-ws-l-9466040.html |work=News 18}}</ref><br />
* [[Washington Sundar]] (Ind) scored his maiden century in Tests.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=27 July 2025 |title=Defiant centurions Gill, Jadeja & Sundar eke out hard-fought draw |url=https://m.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/135146/defiant-centurions-gill-jadeja-sundar-eke-out-hard-fought-draw |work=[[Cricbuzz]]}}</ref><br />
* World Test Championship Points: England 4, India 4.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====5th Test====<br />
{{Two-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 31 July – 4 August 2025<br />
| team1 = {{cr-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{cr|ENG}}<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 224 (69.4 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Karun Nair]] 57 (109)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Gus Atkinson]] 5/33 (21.4 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 247 (51.2 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Zak Crawley]] 64 (57)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Prasidh Krishna]] 4/62 (16 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 396 (88 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 118 (164)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Josh Tongue]] 5/125 (30 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns2 = 367 (85.1 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Harry Brook]] 111 (98)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Mohammed Siraj]] 5/104 (30.1 overs)<br />
<br />
| result = India won by 6 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448353.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[The Oval]], [[London]]<br />
| umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] (SL) and [[Ahsan Raza]] (Pak)<br />
| motm = [[Mohammed Siraj]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = This was India's [[List of India Test cricket records#Narrowest win margins (by runs)|lowest Test victory by margin of runs]].<ref>{{cite web |access-date=4 August 2025 |title=India's Smallest Wins In Tests By Runs|url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/indias-smallest-wins-in-tests-by-runs-ws-l-9483632.html|work=News18}}</ref><br />
* World Test Championship Points: India 12, England 0.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== India Women's tour of England ===<br />
{{Main|India women's cricket team in England in 2025}}<br />
The [[India women's national cricket team|India women's cricket team]] toured England in June and July 2025 to play the [[England women's cricket team]].<ref name="webEng" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wisden.com/cricket-news/england-home-schedule-for-2025-west-indies-india-south-africa-zimbabwe-to-tour |title=England home schedule for 2025: West Indies, India, South Africa, Zimbabwe to tour |work=Wisden |date=22 August 2024 |access-date=23 August 2024}}</ref> The tour consisted of three [[Women's One Day International|One Day International]] (ODI) and five [[Women's Twenty20 International|Twenty20 International]] (T20I) matches.<ref name="webICC" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Women's Future Tours Programme |url=https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/momiku5h9eyqzp5tohdb.pdf |access-date=28 March 2025 |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |date=4 November 2024}}</ref> The series ran alongside the [[Indian cricket team in England in 2025|men's series between England and India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.skysports.com/cricket/news/12173/13200990/england-men-and-women-to-play-india-and-west-indies-in-2025-home-summer-full-schedule |title=England men and women to play India and West Indies in 2025 home summer - full schedule |work=[[Sky Sports]] |access-date=23 August 2024}}</ref><br />
<br />
India won the T20I series by 3–2,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/india-women-register-first-ever-t20i-series-win-in-england-take-unassailable-3-1-lead/articleshow/122354861.cms |title=India women register first-ever T20I series win in England; take unassailable 3-1 lead |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> with the [[Women in Blue]] again dominating England with their ODI series victory by 2–1.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/harmanpreet-kaur-kranti-gaud-india-women-vs-england-women-odi-series-2759845-2025-07-23 |title=Harmanpreet's historic feat, Kranti's fire seal ODI series win for India |work=[[India Today]] |access-date=23 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/articles/cx24xw95rkxo |title=England well beaten as India take ODI series win |work=[[BBC Sport]] |access-date=23 July 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
====1st T20I====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 28 June 2025<br />
| time = 14:30<br />
| night = <br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|ENG}}<br />
| score1 = 210/5 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Smriti Mandhana]] 112 (62)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Lauren Bell (cricketer)|Lauren Bell]] 3/27 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 113 (14.5 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Nat Sciver-Brunt]] 66 (42)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Shree Charani]] 4/12 (3.5 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 97 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448397.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Trent Bridge]], [[Nottingham]]<br />
| umpires = [[James Middlebrook]] (Eng) and [[Jacqueline Williams]] (WI)<br />
| motm = [[Smriti Mandhana]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Shree Charani]] (Ind) made her T20I debut.<br />
* [[Harleen Deol]] (Ind) scored her 1,000th run in international cricket.<br />
* [[Lauren Bell (cricketer)|Lauren Bell]] (Eng) took her 100th wicket in international cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/india-tour-of-england-2025/69455-lauren-bell-surpasses-100-international-wickets-milestone-for-england.html |title=Lauren Bell Surpasses 100 International Wickets Milestone for England |work=Female Cricket |access-date=4 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Smriti Mandhana]] and [[Shafali Verma]] (Ind) recorded the most fifty-plus partnerships (21) in women's T20Is and breaking the record of Australia's [[Alyssa Healy]] and [[Beth Mooney]] (20).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/eng-w-vs-ind-w-smriti-mandhana-shafali-verma-break-world-record-for-50-plus-partnership-2747730-2025-06-28 |title=Smriti Mandhana, Shafali Verma break world record with stellar partnership vs England |work=[[India Today]] |access-date=2 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricket.com/news/smriti-mandhana-and-shafali-vermas-make-wt20i-partnership-history-6282025-1751120300342 |title=Smriti Mandhana And Shafali Verma Make WT20I Partnership History |work=Cricket.com |access-date=2 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* Smriti Mandhana became the first Indian woman cricketer to score [[Century (cricket)|centuries]] in all three formats.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/smriti-mandhana-first-centuries-in-all-formats-india-vs-england-womens-t20i-10094580/ |title=Smriti Mandhana becomes first Indian to score centuries in all formats of women's international cricket |work=[[The Indian Express]] |access-date=28 June 2025}}</ref> She recorded the highest score by an Indian woman in T20Is,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/smriti-mandhana-breaks-record-of-highest-score-by-an-indian-batter-in-womens-t20is-ws-l-9409998.html |title=Smriti Mandhana Breaks Record Of Highest Score By An Indian In Women's T20Is |work=News18 |access-date=30 June 2025}}</ref> and recorded the most boundary runs in a T20I innings for India with 78, both surpassing [[Harmanpreet Kaur]] in 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/stats-eng-vs-ind-1st-women-s-t20i-a-day-of-batting-highs-for-smriti-mandhana-and-india-1492241 |title=Stats - A day of batting highs for Mandhana and India |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=28 June 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
====2nd T20I====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 1 July 2025<br />
| time = 18:30<br />
| night = yes<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|ENG}}<br />
| score1 = 181/4 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Amanjot Kaur]] 63[[not out|*]] (40)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Lauren Bell (cricketer)|Lauren Bell]] 2/17 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 157/7 (20 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Tammy Beaumont]] 54 (35)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Shree Charani]] 2/28 (4 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 24 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448398.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Bristol County Ground|County Cricket Ground]], [[Bristol]]<br />
| umpires = [[Anna Harris]] (Eng) and [[James Middlebrook]] (Eng)<br />
| motm = [[Amanjot Kaur]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Smriti Mandhana]] became the second Indian woman cricketer to play 150 T20I matches.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/smriti-mandhana-150-t20is-india-women-career-stats-records-debut-ind-w-vs-eng-news/article69760652.ece |title=Smriti Mandhana set to play milestone 150th T20I for India Women |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=1 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* Smriti Mandhana and [[Shafali Verma]] (Ind) recorded the most runs (2,724) as a pair in women's T20Is, going past the Australia's [[Beth Mooney]] and [[Alyssa Healy]] (2,720).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/smriti-mandhana-shafali-verma-record-womens-t20is-england-vs-india-2749189-2025-07-01 |title=ENG-W vs IND-W: Smriti Mandhana, Shafali Verma script history again in Women's T20Is |work=[[India Today]] |access-date=2 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/englad-vs-india-2nd-t20i-bristol-most-partnership-runs-in-womens-t20-internationals-smriti-mandhana-shafali-verma/article69761570.ece |title=ENG v IND: Smriti Mandhana, Shafali Verma break record for most partnership runs in Women's T20Is |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=2 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Richa Ghosh]] (Ind) scored her 1,000th run in T20Is.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.india.com/sports/richa-ghosh-scripts-history-becomes-first-players-in-the-world-to-reach-this-milestone-7919498/ |title=Richa Ghosh scripts history, becomes first players in the world to reach this milestone |work=India.com |access-date=2 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/richa-ghosh-creates-history-becomes-first-player-in-the-world-to-register-incredible-feat-article-152195514 |title=Richa Ghosh Creates History; Becomes First Player In The World To Register Incredible Feat |work=Times Now |access-date=2 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Tammy Beaumont]] (Eng) scored her 7,000th run in international cricket.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====3rd T20I====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 4 July 2025<br />
| time = 18:35<br />
| night = yes<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|ENG}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 171/9 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Sophia Dunkley]] 75 (53)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Deepti Sharma]] 3/27 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 166/5 (20 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Smriti Mandhana]] 56 (49)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Lauren Filer]] 2/30 (4 overs)<br />
| result = England won by 5 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448399.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[The Oval]], [[London]]<br />
| umpires = [[Sue Redfern]] (Eng) and [[Jacqueline Williams]] (WI)<br />
| motm = [[Sophia Dunkley]] (Eng)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Tammy Beaumont]] (Eng) captained England for the [[List of England cricket captains#Women's Twenty20 International captains|first time in T20Is]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/eng-vs-ind-2025-beaumont-stands-in-as-captain-as-sciver-brunt-suffers-groin-injury-1493325 |title=Beaumont stands in as captain after Sciver-Brunt suffers groin injury |work=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=3 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Radha Yadav]] (Ind) took her 100th wicket in T20Is.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/eng-w-vs-ind-w-1st-t20i-radha-yadav-becomes-second-indian-100-wickets-wt20is/article69748381.ece |title=Radha Yadav becomes second Indian to take 100 wickets in Women's T20Is |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=4 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Deepti Sharma]] (Ind) became the joint-second highest wicket taker (144) in women's T20Is.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/deepti-sharma-joint-second-highest-womens-t20i-wickets-stats-record-india-women-v-england/article69761027.ece |title=Deepti Sharma becomes joint-second highest wicket-taker in Women's T20Is, equals Pakistan spinner Nida Dar's record |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=4 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Smriti Mandhana]] (Ind) scored her 9,000th run in international cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/100064831655828/posts/1151180757052969/ |title=9,000 international runs! Smriti Mandhana becomes only the 5th and the 2nd Indian - to the milestone! |work=Female Cricket |via=Facebook |access-date=5 June 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
====4th T20I====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 9 July 2025<br />
| time = 18:30<br />
| night = yes<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|ENG}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 126/7 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Sophia Dunkley]] 22 (19)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Radha Yadav]] 2/15 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 127/4 (17 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Smriti Mandhana]] 32 (31)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Issy Wong]] 1/18 (3 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 6 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448400.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Old Trafford Cricket Ground|Old Trafford]], [[Manchester]]<br />
| umpires = [[Ian Blackwell]] (Eng) and [[Anna Harris]] (Eng)<br />
| motm = [[Radha Yadav]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Sophie Ecclestone]] (Eng) played in her 100th T20I match.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/india-tour-of-england-2025/69984-sophie-ecclestone-becomes-first-left-arm-spinner-and-youngest-from-england-to-play-100-t20is.html |title=Sophie Ecclestone Becomes First Left-Arm Spinner and Youngest from England to Play 100 T20Is |work=Female Cricket |access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Deepti Sharma]] (Ind) took her 300th wicket in international cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/india-tour-of-england-2025/69988-indias-all-rounder-deepti-sharma-becomes-2nd-indian-woman-to-complete-300-international-wickets.html |title=India's All-Rounder Deepti Sharma becomes 2nd Indian Woman to complete 300 International Wickets |work=Female Cricket |access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> She took second highest wickets and took highest wickets among spinners surpassing [[Nida Dar]] in T20Is (145).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/sports/cricket/deepti-sharma-creates-history-breaks-all-time-t20-record-during-ind-vs-eng-4th-t20i-2025-07-09-998191 |title=Deepti Sharma creates history, breaks all-time T20 record during IND vs ENG 4th T20I |work=India TV |access-date=9 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* Sophie Ecclestone (Eng) took her 300th wicket in international cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/india-tour-of-england-2025/69992-sophie-ecclestone-completes-300-international-wickets-for-england.html |title=Sophie Ecclestone Completes 300 International Wickets for England |work=Female Cricket |access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
====5th T20I====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 12 July 2025<br />
| time = 18:35<br />
| night = yes<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|ENG}}<br />
| score1 = 167/7 (20 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Shafali Verma]] 75 (41)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Charlie Dean]] 3/23 (4 overs)<br />
| score2 = 168/5 (20 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Danni Wyatt-Hodge]] 56 (37)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Deepti Sharma]] 2/31 (4 overs)<br />
| result = England won by 5 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448401.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Edgbaston Cricket Ground|Edgbaston]], [[Birmingham]]<br />
| umpires = [[Ian Blackwell]] (Eng) and [[Jacqueline Williams]] (WI)<br />
| motm = [[Charlie Dean]] (Eng)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Kranti Goud]] (Ind) made her T20I debut.<br />
* [[Danni Wyatt-Hodge]] became the second English woman cricketer to play 300 international matches.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/women-cricket-news/70151-danni-wyatt-hodge-becomes-2nd-english-player-after-charlotte-edwards-to-300-international-matches.html |title=Danni Wyatt-Hodge Becomes 2nd English Player After Charlotte Edwards to 300 International Matches |work=Female Cricket |access-date=13 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Richa Ghosh]] (Ind) scored her 2,000th run in international cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/women-cricket-news/70148-richa-ghosh-completes-2000-international-runs-for-india.html |title=Richa Ghosh Completes 2,000 International Runs for India |work=Female Cricket |access-date=13 July 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
====1st ODI====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 16 July 2025<br />
| time = 13:00<br />
| daynight = yes<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|ENG}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|IND}}<br />
| score1 = 258/6 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Sophia Dunkley]] 83 (92)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Sneh Rana (cricketer)|Sneh Rana]] 2/31 (10 overs)<br />
| score2 = 262/6 (48.2 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Deepti Sharma]] 62[[not out|*]] (64)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Charlie Dean]] 2/52 (10 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 4 wickets<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448402.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Rose Bowl (cricket ground)|Rose Bowl]], [[Southampton]]<br />
| umpires = [[Sue Redfern]] (Eng) and [[Jacqueline Williams]] (WI)<br />
| motm = [[Deepti Sharma]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Nat Sciver-Brunt]] (Eng) crossed 2,000 runs in England in ODIs.<ref name=records>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/eng-w-vs-ind-w-1st-odi-all-milestones-records-broken-list/article69820523.ece/ |title=From India's chase to Smriti's 4500 runs: All milestones and records broken during England Women vs India Women 1st ODI |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Smriti Mandhana]] and [[Pratika Rawal]] (Ind) scored 1,000th run as a pair in women's ODIs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/smriti-mandhana-pratika-rawal-england-vs-india-womens-odi-record-2757224-2025-07-17 |title=Smriti Mandhana, Pratika Rawal set partnership world record in 1st Women's ODI |work=[[India Today]] |access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* This was India's second-highest successful run chase in women's ODIs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/india-highest-successful-chase-womens-odis-stats-list-eng-w-vs-ind-w-1st-odi/article69820571.ece |title=India registers its second-highest successful chase in Women's ODIs |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
====2nd ODI====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 19 July 2025<br />
| time = 11:00<br />
| daynight = <br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|ENG}}<br />
| score1 = 143/8 (29 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Smriti Mandhana]] 42 (51)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Sophie Ecclestone]] 3/27 (6 overs)<br />
| score2 = 116/2 (21 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Amy Jones (cricketer)|Amy Jones]] 46[[not out|*]] (57)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Sneh Rana (cricketer)|Sneh Rana]] 1/12 (3 overs)<br />
| result = England won by 8 wickets ([[Duckworth-Lewis-Stern method|DLS method]])<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448403.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Lord's]], [[London]]<br />
| umpires = [[Anna Harris]] (Eng) and [[Rob White (cricketer)|Rob White]] (Eng)<br />
| motm = [[Sophie Ecclestone]] (Eng)<br />
| toss = England won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| rain = The match was reduced to 29 overs per side due to rain.<br />
* England were set a revised target of 115 runs from 24 overs due to rain.<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
====3rd ODI====<br />
{{Single-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 22 July 2025<br />
| time = 13:00<br />
| daynight = yes<br />
| team1 = {{crw-rt|IND}}<br />
| team2 = {{crw|ENG}}<br />
| score1 = 318/5 (50 overs)<br />
| runs1 = [[Harmanpreet Kaur]] 102 (84)<br />
| wickets1 = [[Sophie Ecclestone]] 1/28 (10 overs)<br />
| score2 = 305 (49.5 overs)<br />
| runs2 = [[Nat Sciver-Brunt]] 98 (105)<br />
| wickets2 = [[Kranti Goud]] 6/52 (9.5 overs)<br />
| result = India won by 13 runs<br />
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1448404.html Scorecard]<br />
| venue = [[Riverside Ground]], [[Chester-le-Street]]<br />
| umpires = [[Rob White (cricketer)|Rob White]] (Eng) and [[Jacqueline Williams]] (WI)<br />
| motm = [[Harmanpreet Kaur]] (Ind)<br />
| toss = India won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| rain = <br />
| notes = [[Jemimah Rodrigues]] (Ind) played in her 50th ODI match.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/women-cricket-news/70574-jemimah-rodrigues-completes-50-odis-indias-middle-order-star-shines-at-chester-le-street.html |title=Jemimah Rodrigues Completes 50 ODIs: India's Middle-Order Star Shines at Chester-le-Street |work=Female Cricket |access-date=22 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Harmanpreet Kaur]] (Ind) scored her 4,000th run,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/harmanpreet-kaur-4000-runs-womens-odis-india-stats-record-ind-w-vs-eng-series/article69818644.ece |title=Harmanpreet Kaur becomes third Indian to complete 4000 runs in Women's ODIs |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=22 July 2025}}</ref> and became the second Indian woman to cross 1,000 runs in England in ODIs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/women-cricket-news/70619-harmanpreet-kaur-becomes-the-2nd-indian-after-mithali-raj-to-surpass-1000-odi-runs-in-england.html |title=Harmanpreet Kaur becomes the 2nd Indian after Mithali Raj to surpass 1000 ODI runs in England |work=Female Cricket |access-date=23 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/womens-cricket/eng-w-vs-ind-w-3rd-odi-all-records-and-milestones-harmanpreet-kaur-jemimah-rodrigues/article69843641.ece |title=All records broken and milestones achieved during England Women vs India Women third match |work=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=22 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* Jemimah Rodrigues (Ind) scored her 4,000th run in international cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/women-cricket-news/70615-jemimah-rodrigues-crosses-4000-international-runs-for-india-at-just-24.html |title=Jemimah Rodrigues Crosses 4000 International Runs for India at Just 24 |work=Female Cricket |access-date=23 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Nat Sciver-Brunt]] (Eng) scored her 4,000th run in ODIs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://femalecricket.com/women-cricket-news/70623-nat-sciver-brunt-crosses-4000-odi-runs-becomes-6th-english-player-to-achieve-milestone.html |title=Nat Sciver-Brunt Crosses 4000 ODI Runs, becomes 6th English Player to Achieve Milestone |work=Female Cricket |access-date=23 July 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Kranti Goud]] (Ind) took her maiden [[five-wicket haul]] in ODIs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/135093/harmanpreet-ton-goud-six-for-guide-india-to-series-win |title=Harmanpreet ton, Goud six-for guide India to series win |work=[[Cricbuzz]] |access-date=22 July 2025}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Delhi Premier League T20 ===<br />
The 2025 season of the [[Delhi Premier League T20]] (DPLT20) is scheduled to take place from 2 August to 31 August 2025. It consists of 8 men's and 4 women's teams respectively, with all matches hosted at the [[Arun Jaitley Stadium]] in [[New Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Release |first=Press |date=2025-07-30 |title=Delhi Premier League (DPL) 2025: Schedule, Teams, Squads, Captains, Venues & Live Streaming Info |url=https://cricketman2.com/cricket/dpl-2025-schedule-teams-squads-captains-venues-and-live-streaming-9319/ |access-date=2025-07-30 |website=Cricketman2|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Andhra Premier League ===<br />
The 2025 [[Andhra Premier League]] will be held from 8 to 23 August 2025, consisting seven teams representing parts of [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=APL Season 4 To feature Seven Teams, To Begin On August 8 |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/southern-states/andhra-pradesh/apl-season-4-to-feature-seven-teams-to-begin-on-august-8-1891037 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |language=en}}</ref> [[Andhra Pradesh High Court]] stays Andhra Premier League 2025 franchise auctions until further orders. Major relief for existing team owners challenging [[Andhra Cricket Association]]'s unilateral and misleading auction process.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andhra Premier League 2025 |url=https://telanganatoday.com/ap-high-court-stays-apl-auctions |access-date=2025-06-06 |website=[[Telangana Today]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Darts ==<br />
=== World Darts Championship ===<br />
{{Main|2025 PDC World Darts Championship}}<br />
India's [[Nitin Kumar]] competed in the [[2025 PDC World Darts Championship]], held in [[London]], [[England]] from 15 December 2024 to 3 January 2025 after qualifying for the tournament through nation qualifier.<ref name=SLifeFormat>{{cite web |date=4 January 2025 |title=PDC World Darts Championship 2025: Draw, schedule, betting odds, results & live Sky Sports TV coverage |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/darts/news/pdc-world-darts-championship-2025-draw-schedule-betting-odds-results-and-live-sky-sports-tv-coverage/221287 |access-date=7 December 2024 |work=SportingLife}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2 November 2024 |title=Nitin Kumar wins the India qualifier for the 2025 World Darts Championship at Tollygunge Club |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/events/nitin-kumar-wins-the-india-qualifier-for-the-2025-world-darts-championship-at-tollygunge-club/cid/2060045 |access-date=6 August 2025 |work=[[Telegraph India]]}}</ref> Kumar lost to [[Martin Lukeman]] by 1-3 and was eliminated in the first round of the tournament.<br />
<br />
== [[Field Hockey]] ==<br />
=== [[2025 Men's Hockey Asia Cup]] ===<br />
The [[2025 Men's Hockey Asia Cup|2025 edition]] of the [[Men's Hockey Asia Cup]] is being held at the Bihar Sports University Hockey Stadium in [[Rajgir Sports Complex]], [[Bihar]], India from 29 August to 7 September 2025.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ganesan |first1=Uthra |title=Rajgir all set to host men's Asia Cup next year after Women's Asian Champions Trophy success |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/hockey/hockey-asia-cup-2025-host-bihar-rajgir-venue-womens-asian-champions-trophy-success/article68890766.ece |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |publisher=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=21 November 2024 |date=20 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Raj |first1=Pritish |title=Rajgir set to host Men's Hockey Asia Cup 2025 |url=https://thebridge.in/hockey/rajgir-host-mens-asia-cup-2025-50728 |website=thebridge.in |publisher=The Bridge |access-date=21 November 2024 |date=20 November 2024}}</ref> India won their fourth Asia Cup title, defeating [[South Korea]] in the final<ref>{{cite web |title=Asia Cup 2025 hockey: India crowned champions after convincing 4-1 win over South Korea|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/asia-cup-2025-hockey-india-vs-south-korea-final-report|website=[[Olympics.com]]|access-date=8 September 2025|date=7 September 2025}}</ref> and qualified for the [[2026 Men's FIH Hockey World Cup]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Indian men qualify for FIH Hockey World Cup Belgium and Netherlands 2026|url=https://www.fih.hockey/news/india-qualify-for-fih-hockey-world-cup-belgium-and-netherlands-2026|website=[[International Hockey Federation]]|access-date=8 September 2025|date=7 September 2025}}</ref><br />
==== Group Stage ====<br />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL<br />
|update=complete<br />
|source=[https://tms.fih.ch/competitions/1808/reports/poolstandings FIH]<br />
<br />
|team_order=IND, CHN, JPN, KAZ<br />
<br />
|win_CHN=1 |draw_CHN=1 |loss_CHN=1 |gf_CHN=18|ga_CHN=7<br />
|win_IND=3 |draw_IND=0 |loss_IND=0|gf_IND=22 |ga_IND=5 |status_IND=H<br />
|win_JPN=1 |draw_JPN=1 |loss_JPN=1 |gf_JPN=11|ga_JPN=5 <br />
|win_KAZ=0 |draw_KAZ=0 |loss_KAZ=3 |gf_KAZ=1 |ga_KAZ=35<br />
<br />
|name_CHN={{fh|CHN}}<br />
|name_IND={{fh|IND}}<br />
|name_JPN={{fh|JPN}}<br />
|name_KAZ={{fh|KAZ}}<br />
<br />
|result1=S4 |result2=S4<br />
<br />
|res_col_header=Q<br />
|col_S4=green1 |text_S4=[[#First to fourth place classification|Super4s]]<br />
<br />
|class_rules = 1) points; 2) matches won; 3) goal difference; 4) goals for; 5) head-to-head result; 6) field goals for.<br />
}}<br />
{{fieldhockeybox<br />
| date = 29 August 2025<br />
| time = 15:00<br />
| team1 = {{fh-rt|IND}}<br />
| score = 4–3<br />
| team2 = {{fh|CHN}}<br />
| report = [https://tms.fih.ch/matches/21498/reports/matchreport Report]<br />
| goals1 = [[Jugraj Singh (field hockey, born 1996)|Jugraj]] {{fhgoal|PC|18}}<br/>[[Harmanpreet Singh|Harmanpreet]] {{fhgoal|PC|20|PC|33|PC|47}}<br />
| goals2 = [[Du Shihao|Du]] {{fhgoal|PC|12}}<br/>[[Chen Benhai|Chen B.]] {{fhgoal|PC|35}}<br/>[[Gao Jiesheng|Gao]] {{fhgoal|PC|41}}<br />
| umpires = Rawi Anbananthan (MAS)<br/>[[You Hyo-sik]] (KOR)<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{fieldhockeybox<br />
| date = 31 August 2025<br />
| time = 15:00<br />
| team1 = {{fh-rt|JPN}}<br />
| score = 2–3<br />
| team2 = {{fh|IND}}<br />
| report = [https://tms.fih.ch/matches/21502/reports/matchreport Report]<br />
| goals1 = [[Kosei Kawabe|Kawabe]] {{fhgoal|FG|38|FG|59}}<br />
| goals2 = [[Mandeep Singh (field hockey)|Mandeep]] {{fhgoal|FG|4}}<br/>[[Harmanpreet Singh|Harmanpreet]] {{fhgoal|PC|5|PC|46}}<br />
| umpires = Michiel Otten (NED)<br/>Rawi Anbananthan (MAS)<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{fieldhockeybox<br />
| date = 1 September 2025<br />
| time = 19:30<br />
| team1 = {{fh-rt|IND}}<br />
| score = 15–0<br />
| team2 = {{fh|KAZ}}<br />
| report = [https://tms.fih.ch/matches/21506/reports/matchreport Report]<br />
| goals1 = [[Abhishek (field hockey)|Abhishek]] {{fhgoal|FG|5|FG|8|FG|20|FG|59}}<br/>[[Sukhjeet Singh|Sukhjeet]] {{fhgoal|FG|15|FG|32|FG|38}}<br/>[[Jugraj Singh (field hockey, born 1996)|Jugraj]] {{fhgoal|PC|24|PS|31|PS|47}}<br/>[[Harmanpreet Singh|Harmanpreet]] {{fhgoal|PC|26}}<br/>[[Amit Rohidas|Amit]] {{fhgoal|PC|29}}<br/>[[Rajinder Singh (field hockey, born 2002)|Rajinder]] {{fhgoal|FG|32}}<br/>[[Sanjay (field hockey)|Sanjay]] {{fhgoal|PC|54}}<br/>[[Dilpreet Singh|Dilpreet]] {{fhgoal|FG|55}}<br />
| goals2 = <br />
| umpires = Zhou Fuyi (CHN)<br/>Khamis Al-Balushi (OMA)<br />
}}<br />
==== Super 4s ====<br />
In the first match, India drew with [[South Korea]] by 2-2.<ref>{{cite web |title=Asia Cup 2025 hockey: India vs South Korea Super 4 match ends in 2-2 draw |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/asia-cup-2025-hockey-india-vs-south-korea-super-4-report |website=[[Olympics.com]] |access-date=7 September 2025 |date=3 September 2025}}</ref> In the second match, India defeated [[Malaysia]] comfortably by 4-1.<ref>{{cite web |title=MAS 1-4 IND HIGHLIGHTS, Hockey Asia Cup 2025: India thrashes Malaysia to go top of Super 4s table |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/hockey/india-vs-malaysia-live-score-asia-cup-2025-super4s-rajgir-ind-v-mas-match-updates-streaming-info-news/article70011889.ece |website=[[Sportstar]] |access-date=7 September 2025 |date=4 September 2025}}</ref> In the third match, India thrashed [[China]] again, this time with a one-sided victory by 7-0, and qualified for the final.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ruthless India Hammer China 7-0 In Hockey Asia Cup 2025, Set Up Summit Clash vs South Korea |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/hockey/ruthless-india-thrash-china-7-0-to-reach-asia-cup-hockey-final-to-face-korea-in-summit-clash-9229136 |website=[[NDTV Sports]] |access-date=7 September 2025 |date=6 September 2025}}</ref> <br />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL<br />
|update=complete<br />
|source=[https://tms.fih.ch/competitions/1808/reports/poolstandings FIH]<br />
<br />
|team_order=IND, KOR, MAS, CHN<br />
<br />
|win_IND=2 |draw_IND=1 |loss_IND=0 |gf_IND=13|ga_IND=3 |status_IND=H<br />
|win_MAS=1 |draw_MAS=0 |loss_MAS=2 |gf_MAS=6 |ga_MAS=8<br />
|win_CHN=1 |draw_CHN=0 |loss_CHN=2 |gf_CHN=3 |ga_CHN=9<br />
|win_KOR=1 |draw_KOR=1 |loss_KOR=1 |gf_KOR=6 |ga_KOR=8<br />
<br />
|name_IND={{fh|IND}}<br />
|name_MAS={{fh|MAS}}<br />
|name_CHN={{fh|CHN}}<br />
|name_KOR={{fh|KOR}}<br />
<br />
<br />
|class_rules = 1) points; 2) matches won; 3) goal difference; 4) goals for; 5) head-to-head result; 6) field goals scored.<br />
<br />
|result1=S4 |result2=S4 <br />
|result3=F |result4=F<br />
<br />
|res_col_header=Q<br />
|col_S4=green1 |text_S4=[[#Final|Final]]<br />
|col_F=blue1 |text_F={{nowrap|[[#Third and fourth place|Third place match]]}}<br />
}}<br />
{{fieldhockeybox<br />
| date = 3 September 2025<br />
| time = 19:30<br />
| team1 = {{fh-rt|IND}}<br />
| score = 2–2<br />
| team2 = {{fh|KOR}}<br />
| report = [https://tms.fih.ch/matches/21509/reports/matchreport Report]<br />
| goals1 = [[Hardik Singh|Hardik]] {{fhgoal|PC|8}}<br/>[[Mandeep Singh (field hockey)|Mandeep]] {{fhgoal|FG|53}}<br />
| goals2 = [[Yang Ji-hun|Yang]] {{fhgoal|PS|12}}<br/>[[Kim Hyeon-hong|Kim H-h]] {{fhgoal|PC|14}}<br />
| umpires = Tyler Klenk (CAN)<br/>Khamis Al-Balushi (OMA)<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{fieldhockeybox<br />
| date = 4 September 2025<br />
| time = 19:30<br />
| team1 = {{fh-rt|MAS}}<br />
| score = 1–4<br />
| team2 = {{fh|IND}}<br />
| report = [https://tms.fih.ch/matches/21512/reports/matchreport Report]<br />
| goals1 = [[Shafiq Hassan|Hassan]] {{fhgoal|FG|2}}<br />
| goals2 = [[Manpreet Singh (field hockey)|Manpreet]] {{fhgoal|PC|17}}<br/>[[Sukhjeet Singh|Sukhjeet]] {{fhgoal|FG|19}}<br/>[[Shilanand Lakra|Lakra]] {{fhgoal|FG|24}}<br/>[[Vivek Prasad|Prasad]] {{fhgoal|FG|38}}<br />
| umpires = Michiel Otten (NED)<br/>[[You Hyo-sik]] (KOR)<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{fieldhockeybox<br />
| date = 6 September 2025<br />
| time = 19:30<br />
| team1 = {{fh-rt|IND}}<br />
| score = 7–0<br />
| team2 = {{fh|CHN}}<br />
| report = [https://tms.fih.ch/matches/21515/reports/matchreport Report]<br />
| goals1 = [[Shilanand Lakra|Lakra]] {{fhgoal|FG|4}}<br/>[[Dilpreet Singh|Dilpreet]] {{fhgoal|PC|7}}<br/>[[Mandeep Singh (field hockey)|Mandeep]] {{fhgoal|PC|18}}<br/>[[Raj Kumar Pal|Pal]] {{fhgoal|FG|37}}<br/>[[Sukhjeet Singh|Sukhjeet]] {{fhgoal|FG|39}}<br/>[[Abhishek Nain|Abhishek]] {{fhgoal|FG|46|FG|50}}<br />
| goals2 = <br />
| umpires = Hideki Kinoshita (JPN)<br/>Tyler Klenk (CAN)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Final ====<br />
This was the fourth encounter between the teams in the Asia Cup finals, after [[1994 Men's Hockey Asia Cup|1994]], [[2007 Men's Hockey Asia Cup|2007]] and [[2013 Men's Hockey Asia Cup|2013 edition]] respectively. India leads in the head-to-head record against South Korea in Asia Cup history by 6-3 (with 4 matches being drawn).<ref>{{cite web |title=Red-hot India eye World Cup spot and 4th Asia Cup title, but Korea stands in their way |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/hockey/story/hockey-asia-cup-2025-final-india-vs-korea-preview-world-cup-spot-2783177-2025-09-07 |website=[[India Today]] |access-date=7 September 2025 |date=7 September 2025}}</ref> <br />
{{fieldhockeybox<br />
| date = 7 September 2025<br />
| time = 19:30<br />
| team1 = {{fh-rt|IND}}<br />
| score = 4–1<br />
| team2 = {{fh|KOR}}<br />
| report = [https://tms.fih.ch/matches/21518/reports/matchreport Report]<br />
| goals1 = [[Sukhjeet Singh|Sukhjeet]] {{fhgoal|FG|1}}<br/>[[Dilpreet Singh|Dilpreet]] {{fhgoal|FG|28|FG|45}}<br/>[[Amit Rohidas|Amit]] {{fhgoal|PC|50}}<br />
| goals2 = [[Son Da-in|Son]] {{fhgoal|PC|51}}<br />
| umpires = Rawi Anbananthan (MAS)<br />Michiel Otten (NED)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 Women's Hockey Asia Cup]] ===<br />
The [[2025 Women's Hockey Asia Cup|2025 edition]] of the [[Women's Hockey Asia Cup]] is being held at [[Gongshu Canal Sports Park Field Hockey Field|Gongshu Canal Sports Park Hockey Field]] in [[Hangzhou]], [[China]], from 5 to 14 September 2025.<ref name="FIHWorldCup2026">{{cite web |title=Qualification System for 2026 FIH Hockey World Cups |url=https://www.fih.hockey/static-assets/pdf/qualification-system-for-2026-fih-hockey-world-cups-final.pdf |website=fih.ch |publisher=[[International Hockey Federation]]}}</ref><br />
==== Group Stage ====<br />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL<br />
|update=complete <br />
|source=[https://fih.altiusrt.com/index.php/competitions/1789/reports/poolstandings FIH]<br />
<br />
|team_order=IND, JPN, THA, SGP<br />
<br />
|win_IND=2 |draw_IND=1 |loss_IND=0 |gf_IND=25|ga_IND=2<br />
|win_JPN=2 |draw_JPN=1 |loss_JPN=0 |gf_JPN=17 |ga_JPN=2<br />
|win_THA=1 |draw_THA=0 |loss_THA=2 |gf_THA=2 |ga_THA=18<br />
|win_SGP=0 |draw_SGP=0 |loss_SGP=3 |gf_SGP=1 |ga_SGP=23<br />
<br />
|name_IND={{fhw|IND}}<br />
|name_JPN={{fhw|JPN}}<br />
|name_THA={{fhw|THA}}<br />
|name_SGP={{fhw|SGP}}<br />
<br />
|class_rules = 1) points; 2) matches won; 3) goal difference; 4) goals for; 5) head-to-head result; 6) field goals scored.<ref name="Regulations">{{cite web |title=FIH General Tournament Regulations |url=https://www.fih.ch/media/8997723/fih-general-tournament-regulations-current-update.pdf |website=fih.ch |publisher=[[International Hockey Federation]] |date=September 2021}}</ref><br />
<br />
|result1=MR |result2=MR<br />
<br />
|res_col_header=Q<br />
|col_MR=green1 |text_MR=[[#Medal round|Super4s]]<br />
}}<br />
{{fieldhockeybox<br />
| date = 5 September 2025<br />
| time = 14:30<br />
| team1 = {{fhw-rt|IND}}<br />
| score = 11–0<br />
| team2 = {{fhw|THA}}<br />
| report = [https://fih.altiusrt.com/matches/21114/reports/matchreport Report]<br />
| goals1 = [[Mumtaz Khan (field hockey)|Mumtaz]] {{fhgoal|FG|7|PC|49}}<br/>[[Sangita Kumari (field hockey)|Sangita]] {{fhgoal|FG|10}}<br/>[[Navneet Kaur (field hockey)|Navneet]] {{fhgoal|FG|16}}<br/>[[Lalremsiami]] {{fhgoal|FG|18}}<br/>[[Udita Duhan|Udita]] {{fhgoal|PC|30+|PC|52}}<br/>[[Beauty Dungdung|Beauty]] {{fhgoal|PC|45|FG|54}}<br/>[[Sharmila Devi|Sharmila]] {{fhgoal|PC|57}}<br/>[[Rutuja Pisal|Rutuja]] {{fhgoal|FG|60}}<br />
| goals2 = <br />
| umpires = Kim Yoon-seon (KOR)<br/>Li Lulu (CHN)<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{fieldhockeybox<br />
| date = 6 September 2025<br />
| time = 19:00<br />
| team1 = {{fhw-rt|JPN}}<br />
| score = 2–2<br />
| team2 = {{fhw|IND}}<br />
| report = [https://fih.altiusrt.com/matches/21118/reports/matchreport Report]<br />
| goals1 = [[Hiroka Murayama|Murayama]] {{fhgoal|FG|10}}<br/>[[Chiko Fujibayashi|Fujibayashi]] {{fhgoal|PS|58}}<br />
| goals2 = [[Rutuja Pisal|Rutuja]] {{fhgoal|FG|30}}<br/>[[Navneet Kaur (field hockey)|Navneet]] {{fhgoal|PC|60+}}<br />
| umpires = Liu Xiaoying (CHN)<br/>Meghan McLennan (CAN)<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{fieldhockeybox<br />
| date = 8 September 2025<br />
| time = 14:30<br />
| team1 = {{fhw-rt|IND}}<br />
| score = 12–0<br />
| team2 = {{fhw|SGP}}<br />
| report = [https://fih.altiusrt.com/matches/21122/reports/matchreport Report]<br />
| goals1 = [[Mumtaz Khan (field hockey)|Mumtaz]] {{fhgoal|FG|2|FG|32|FG|39}}<br/>[[Neha Goyal|Neha]] {{fhgoal|FG|11|PC|38}}<br/>[[Lalremsiami Hmarzote|Lalremsiami]] {{fhgoal|FG|13}}<br/>[[Navneet Kaur (field hockey)|Navneet]] {{fhgoal|PC|14|FG|20|PC|28}}<br/>[[Udita Duhan|Udita]] {{fhgoal|PC|29}}<br/>[[Sharmila Devi|Sharmila]] {{fhgoal|PC|45}}<br/>[[Rutuja Pisal|Rutuja]] {{fhgoal|FG|53}}<br />
| goals2 = <br />
| umpires = Li Lulu (CHN)<br />Shahiela Johari (MAS)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Football ==<br />
{{Further information|2025–26 in Indian football}}<br />
=== I-League ===<br />
{{Main|2024–25 I-League}}<br />
The [[2024–25 I-League]] was the 18th season of the [[I-League]] and the third season as the second tier of the [[Indian football league system]]. [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]] were the reigning champions, having won the [[2023–24 I-League]]. [[Churchill Brothers FC Goa|Churchill Brothers]] were initially declared the provisional champions of I-League by AIFF,<ref>{{cite web|title=It's official: Churcill Brothers are I-League champions |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/its-official-churchill-brothers-are-i-league-champions/articleshow/120440853.cms |website=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=18 July 2025 |language=en |date=20 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Churchill Brothers declared I-League champion, Inter Kashi to challenge decision at CAS |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/churchill-brothers-declared-i-league-champion-inter-kashi-loses-aiff-appeals-committee-indian-football/article69469054.ece |website=[[Sportstar]]|access-date=18 July 2025 |language=en |date=19 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/churchill-i-league-title-isl-promotion-aiff-verdict-inter-kashi-9954001/|title=Churchill get I-League title & ISL promotion after AIFF panel verdict, Inter Kashi to approach CAS|work=The Indian Express|date=19 April 2025|access-date=20 April 2025|archive-date=20 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250420144651/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/churchill-i-league-title-isl-promotion-aiff-verdict-inter-kashi-9954001/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/sports/report/churchill-brothers-are-i-league-champs-earn-isl-promotion/20250419.htm|title=Churchill Brothers declared I-League champs, earn ISL promotion|first1=Norma|last1=Godinho|work=Rediff|date=19 April 2025|access-date=20 April 2025|archive-date=20 April 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250420145056/https://www.rediff.com/sports/report/churchill-brothers-are-i-league-champs-earn-isl-promotion/20250419.htm}}</ref> but the decision was later overturned by the [[Court of Arbitration for Sport]] (CAS) who declared [[Inter Kashi FC|Inter Kashi]] the champions, allowing them promotion to the [[2025–26 Indian Super League|Indian Super League]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/inter-kashi-i-league-winner-cas-ruling-aiff-indian-football-news/article69827062.ece|title=Inter Kashi crowned I-League 2024-25 champion after CAS ruling|date=18 July 2025|work=Sportstar}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=CAS declare Inter Kashi I-League winner; AIFF & three clubs to pay fine |url=https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-cas-declare-inter-kashi-i-league-winners-202507 |website=Khelnow |access-date=18 July 2025 |language=en |date=18 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Truth will always emerge victorious! |url=https://x.com/InterKashi/status/1946143027812311275 |website=X (Twitter) |access-date=18 July 2025 |language=en |date=18 July 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=CAS reverses AIFF decision again, makes Inter Kashi I-League champions |url=https://www.news9live.com/sports/football/cas-reverses-aiff-decision-again-makes-inter-kashi-i-league-champions-2878514 |website=www.news9live.com |access-date=18 July 2025 |language=en |date=18 July 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== League table ====<br />
{{:2024–25 I-League |transcludesection=League table}}<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
==== League fixtures ====<br />
{{#invoke:sports results|main<br />
|source = [https://i-league.org/fixtures-page/i-league/ I-League]<br />
|update = complete<br />
|matches_style = FBR<br />
<br />
<!--Update team positions here--><br />
|team1=AIZ |team2=CHB |team3=DEL |team4=DEM |team5=GOK |team6=IKA |team7=NAM |team8=RAJ |team9=REK |team10=SHL |team11=SCB |team12=SRD<br />
<br />
<!--Team definitions (wikilinks in table)--><br />
<br />
|name_AIZ = [[Aizawl FC|Aizawl]]<br />
|name_CHB = [[Churchill Brothers FC Goa|Churchill Brothers]]<br />
|name_DEL = [[Delhi FC|Delhi]]<br />
|name_DEM = [[Dempo SC|Dempo]]<br />
|name_GOK = [[Gokulam Kerala FC|Gokulam Kerala]]<br />
|name_IKA = [[Inter Kashi FC|Inter Kashi]]<br />
|name_NAM = [[Namdhari FC|Namdhari]]<br />
|name_RAJ = [[Rajasthan United FC|Rajasthan United]]<br />
|name_REK = [[Real Kashmir FC|Real Kashmir]]<br />
|name_SHL = [[Shillong Lajong FC|Shillong Lajong]]<br />
|name_SCB = [[SC Bengaluru|Sporting Bengaluru]]<br />
|name_SRD = [[Sreenidi Deccan FC|Sreenidi Deccan]]<br />
<br />
<!--Fixtures and results: each match needs to be updated as results come in--><br />
<br />
<!--Aizawl FC--><br />
|match_AIZ_CHB=3-0{{efn|Churchill Brothers were deducted one point and three points given to Aizawl for fielding an ineligible player. Initially the match was drawn 1–1.}}<br />
|match_AIZ_DEL=4–2 <br />
|match_AIZ_DEM=0-0<br />
|match_AIZ_GOK=1-2<br />
|match_AIZ_IKA=0-3 <br />
|match_AIZ_NAM=3-0 <br />
|match_AIZ_RAJ=1-2<br />
|match_AIZ_REK=1-1 <br />
|match_AIZ_SHL=1-3<br />
|match_AIZ_SCB=2-0 <br />
|match_AIZ_SRD=3–4<br />
<br />
<!--Churchill Brothers--><br />
|match_CHB_AIZ=6-0<br />
|match_CHB_DEL=2–2<br />
|match_CHB_DEM=2–0<br />
|match_CHB_GOK=2-1 <br />
|match_CHB_IKA=2-2{{efn|Inter Kashi were deducted one point and two points were given to Churchill Brothers, after Inter Kashi fielded an ineligible player. Initially the match was drawn by 2–2. On 18 July 2025, the [[Court of Arbitration for Sport]] revoked the two points previously awarded to Churchill Brothers from Inter Kashi match.}}<br />
|match_CHB_NAM=0-1 <br />
|match_CHB_RAJ=3-1<br />
|match_CHB_REK=3-1 <br />
|match_CHB_SHL=6-1 <br />
|match_CHB_SCB=1-1 <br />
|match_CHB_SRD=1-1<br />
<br />
<!--Delhi FC--><br />
|match_DEL_AIZ= 0-2<br />
|match_DEL_CHB=1-2<br />
|match_DEL_DEM= 2-1<br />
|match_DEL_GOK=0-5 <br />
|match_DEL_IKA=0-1 <br />
|match_DEL_NAM=0-2 <br />
|match_DEL_RAJ=1-1 <br />
|match_DEL_REK=1-2 <br />
|match_DEL_SHL=3-1 <br />
|match_DEL_SCB=0-1 <br />
|match_DEL_SRD= 0-1<br />
<!--Dempo SC--><br />
|match_DEM_AIZ=5-2 <br />
|match_DEM_CHB=1-3 <br />
|match_DEM_DEL=1-0 <br />
|match_DEM_GOK=0-1 <br />
|match_DEM_IKA=0–1<br />
|match_DEM_NAM=2-2<br />
|match_DEM_RAJ=0–4<br />
|match_DEM_REK=1-1<br />
|match_DEM_SHL=2-2 <br />
|match_DEM_SCB=8-1 <br />
|match_DEM_SRD=2-3<br />
<br />
<!--Gokulam Kerala--><br />
|match_GOK_AIZ=1–1<br />
|match_GOK_CHB=0-1<br />
|match_GOK_DEL=6-3 <br />
|match_GOK_DEM=3-4 <br />
|match_GOK_IKA=6-2<br />
|match_GOK_NAM=0-2<br />
|match_GOK_RAJ=0-0 <br />
|match_GOK_REK=0-1 <br />
|match_GOK_SHL=3-4<br />
|match_GOK_SCB=2-0<br />
|match_GOK_SRD= 1-0<br />
<!--Inter Kashi--><br />
|match_IKA_AIZ=4-3 <br />
|match_IKA_CHB=1-3 <br />
|match_IKA_DEL=5-1<br />
|match_IKA_DEM=0-2<br />
|match_IKA_GOK=3-2<br />
|match_IKA_NAM=3-2{{efn|Inter Kashi were deducted three points and given to Namdhari for fielding an ineligible player. Initially Inter Kashi won the match by 3-2. On 18 July 2025, the [[Court of Arbitration for Sport]] ruled in favour of Inter Kashi, revoked the three points previously awarded to Namdhari in the return leg.}}<br />
|match_IKA_RAJ=3-1<br />
|match_IKA_REK=1-3{{efn|The match was forfeited in favour of Real Kashmir as Inter Kashi fielded an ineligible player. Initially Real Kashmir already won the match by 1-3. On 18 July 2025, the [[Court of Arbitration for Sport]] ruled in favour of Inter Kashi, revoked the forfeiture previously awarded to Real Kashmir.}}<br />
|match_IKA_SHL=2–1 <br />
|match_IKA_SCB=1–0<br />
|match_IKA_SRD=3-1 <br />
<br />
<!--Namdhari FC--><br />
|match_NAM_AIZ=3–1<br />
|match_NAM_CHB=1–1<br />
|match_NAM_DEL=0-0<br />
|match_NAM_DEM=0–1<br />
|match_NAM_GOK=1-3 <br />
|match_NAM_IKA=0-3{{efn|Namdhari were deducted three points and given to Inter Kashi for fielding an ineligible player in Match 45. Initially Namdhari won the match by 2–0. However, later AIFF Appeal Committee reverted the decision later that was again reverted back in favour of Inter Kashi by an appeal to [[Court of Arbitration of Sports]].<ref>{{cite news|title=AIFF Disciplinary Committee Decision|url=https://x.com/ILeague_aiff/status/1894062481909178570|publisher=I-League|date=24 February 2025|access-date=24 February 2025|archive-date=26 February 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250226110747/https://x.com/ILeague_aiff/status/1894062481909178570|url-status=live}}</ref>}} <br />
|match_NAM_RAJ=1-3<br />
|match_NAM_REK=1–0 <br />
|match_NAM_SHL=5-2 <br />
|match_NAM_SCB=2–1 <br />
|match_NAM_SRD=1-1 <br />
<br />
<!--Rajasthan United--><br />
|match_RAJ_AIZ=0-0 <br />
|match_RAJ_CHB=1-0 <br />
|match_RAJ_DEL=3-1 <br />
|match_RAJ_DEM=1-1<br />
|match_RAJ_GOK= 0-3<br />
|match_RAJ_IKA=1-1 <br />
|match_RAJ_NAM= 2-1<br />
|match_RAJ_REK=4-0 <br />
|match_RAJ_SHL=4-0 <br />
|match_RAJ_SCB=2-1<br />
|match_RAJ_SRD=1-2 <br />
<br />
<!--Real Kashmir--><br />
|match_REK_AIZ=2-1 <br />
|match_REK_CHB=1-1 <br />
|match_REK_DEL=2-1<br />
|match_REK_DEM=2-0<br />
|match_REK_GOK=1-1 <br />
|match_REK_IKA=1-1<br />
|match_REK_NAM=1-0 <br />
|match_REK_RAJ=2-0<br />
|match_REK_SHL=2-0 <br />
|match_REK_SCB=3-1<br />
|match_REK_SRD=2-2<br />
<br />
<!--Shillong Lajong--><br />
|match_SHL_AIZ=4-4 <br />
|match_SHL_CHB=2-2 <br />
|match_SHL_DEL=0-0<br />
|match_SHL_DEM=0-2<br />
|match_SHL_GOK=0-0 <br />
|match_SHL_IKA=0–0<br />
|match_SHL_NAM=3-2<br />
|match_SHL_RAJ=8–0<br />
|match_SHL_REK=1–0<br />
|match_SHL_SCB=5-0 <br />
|match_SHL_SRD=4–0 <br />
<br />
<!--SC Bengaluru--><br />
|match_SCB_AIZ=1-2<br />
|match_SCB_CHB=1-3<br />
|match_SCB_DEL=2-2<br />
|match_SCB_DEM=3-1<br />
|match_SCB_GOK= 1-2<br />
|match_SCB_IKA=0-0<br />
|match_SCB_NAM=0-0<br />
|match_SCB_RAJ=2-2 <br />
|match_SCB_REK=3–2<br />
|match_SCB_SHL=2-0<br />
|match_SCB_SRD=1-0<br />
<br />
<!--Sreenidi Deccan--><br />
|match_SRD_AIZ=3–0<br />
|match_SRD_CHB=2–1<br />
|match_SRD_DEL=0-1 <br />
|match_SRD_DEM=0-1 <br />
|match_SRD_GOK=2–3<br />
|match_SRD_IKA=2-2 <br />
|match_SRD_NAM=0-1<br />
|match_SRD_RAJ=2–1<br />
|match_SRD_REK=1-1 <br />
|match_SRD_SHL=5-5 <br />
|match_SRD_SCB=2-2 <br />
}}{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
=== I-League 2 ===<br />
{{Main|2024–25 I-League 2}}<br />
The [[2024–25 I-League 2]] was the 17th season of the [[I-League 2]], held from 25 January to 26 April 2025. It was also the 3rd season as the third tier of the [[Indian football league system]]. The top two clubs secured a place in the [[2025–26 I-League]] season. In October 2024, [[Sudeva Delhi FC|Sudeva Delhi]] withdrew from the tournament. This brought the total number of teams participating in the league to nine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=I-League 2 2024-25: Newly promoted SAT Tirur face familiar foes KLASA FC in season-opener |url=https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-i-league-2-fixtures-202410 |access-date=2024-10-25 |website=Khel Now |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-10-18 |title=AIFF drops plan to field U-20 team in I-League |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/aiff-drops-plan-to-field-u-20-team-in-i-league/articleshow/114327571.cms |access-date=2024-10-25 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> [[Diamond Harbour FC]] won the league and was promoted, along with [[Chanmari FC]] to the [[2025–26 I-League]].<br />
<br />
==== League table ====<br />
{{:2024–25 I-League 2 |transcludesection=League table}}<br />
<br />
==== League fixtures ====<br />
{{#invoke:sports results|main<br />
|source = [https://i-league.org/fixtures-page/ileague-2/ I-League]<br />
|update = complete <br />
|matches_style = FBR<br />
<br />
<!--Update team positions here--><br />
|team1=BEN |team2=CHN |team3=DHB |team4=KLA |team5=NER |team6=SAT |team7=SCG |team8=TRU |team9=USC<br />
<br />
<!--Team definitions (wikilinks in table)--><br />
<br />
|name_USC = [[United SC|United]]<br />
|name_NER = [[NEROCA FC|NEROCA]]<br />
|name_BEN = [[FC Bengaluru United|Bengaluru United]]<br />
|name_SCG = [[SC de Goa|Sporting Goa]]<br />
|name_TRU = [[TRAU FC|TRAU]]<br />
|name_CHN = [[Chanmari FC|Chanmari]]<br />
|name_DHB = [[Diamond Harbour FC|Diamond Harbour]]<br />
|name_SAT = [[Sports Academy Tirur|SAT]]<br />
|name_KLA = [[KLASA FC|KLASA]]<br />
<br />
<!--Bengaluru United--><br />
|match_BEN_CHN=0-2 <br />
|match_BEN_DHB=1-2 <br />
|match_BEN_KLA=7-0 <br />
|match_BEN_NER=1-2 <br />
|match_BEN_SAT=0-0 <br />
|match_BEN_SCG=1-1 <br />
|match_BEN_TRU=3-0 <br />
|match_BEN_USC=0-0<br />
<br />
<!--Chanmari--><br />
|match_CHN_BEN=1-0 <br />
|match_CHN_DHB=0-1 <br />
|match_CHN_KLA=4-0 <br />
|match_CHN_NER=1-0 <br />
|match_CHN_SAT=3-0 <br />
|match_CHN_SCG=1-1<br />
|match_CHN_TRU=7-1<br />
|match_CHN_USC=4-1<br />
<br />
<!--Diamond Harbour--><br />
|match_DHB_BEN=0-0<br />
|match_DHB_CHN=2-0 <br />
|match_DHB_KLA=1-0<br />
|match_DHB_NER=1-1<br />
|match_DHB_SAT=4-1<br />
|match_DHB_SCG=2-1<br />
|match_DHB_TRU=3-1<br />
|match_DHB_USC=0-0<br />
<br />
<!--KLASA--><br />
|match_KLA_BEN=0-2 <br />
|match_KLA_CHN=0-8<br />
|match_KLA_DHB=1-3 <br />
|match_KLA_NER=1-2 <br />
|match_KLA_SAT=0-1 <br />
|match_KLA_SCG=0-1<br />
|match_KLA_TRU=0-0<br />
|match_KLA_USC=0-1<br />
<br />
<!--NEROCA--><br />
|match_NER_BEN=0-2 <br />
|match_NER_CHN=1-2 <br />
|match_NER_DHB=0-2 <br />
|match_NER_KLA=2-3 <br />
|match_NER_SAT=0-1 <br />
|match_NER_SCG=2-1<br />
|match_NER_TRU=1-1 <br />
|match_NER_USC=1-0 <br />
<br />
<!--Sports Academy Tirur--><br />
|match_SAT_BEN=1-0 <br />
|match_SAT_CHN=1-1 <br />
|match_SAT_DHB=1-2<br />
|match_SAT_KLA=2-0<br />
|match_SAT_NER=5-2<br />
|match_SAT_SCG=1-1 <br />
|match_SAT_TRU=2-3<br />
|match_SAT_USC=0-0 <br />
<br />
<!--Sporting Clube de Goa--><br />
|match_SCG_BEN=0-0 <br />
|match_SCG_CHN=1-0 <br />
|match_SCG_DHB=1-1 <br />
|match_SCG_KLA=1-0 <br />
|match_SCG_NER=3-0<br />
|match_SCG_SAT=2-3 <br />
|match_SCG_TRU=1-0 <br />
|match_SCG_USC=2-0 <br />
<br />
<!--TRAU--><br />
|match_TRU_BEN=1-2<br />
|match_TRU_CHN=0-1 <br />
|match_TRU_DHB=0-2 <br />
|match_TRU_KLA=1-3<br />
|match_TRU_NER=1-2<br />
|match_TRU_SAT=2-1 <br />
|match_TRU_SCG=0-1<br />
|match_TRU_USC=2-0<br />
<br />
<!--United SC--><br />
|match_USC_BEN=1-2<br />
|match_USC_CHN=1-1 <br />
|match_USC_DHB=2-2<br />
|match_USC_KLA=2-0 <br />
|match_USC_NER=2-1 <br />
|match_USC_SAT=3-1 <br />
|match_USC_SCG=1-0 <br />
|match_USC_TRU=1-1 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== AFC Women's Asian Cup ===<br />
{{Main|2026 AFC Women's Asian Cup qualification}}<br />
In July 2025, India secured a berth at the AFC Women's Asian Cup for the first time via [[2026 AFC Women's Asian Cup qualification|qualification]]. India defeated group qualifiers host [[Thailand women's national football team|Thailand]] 2–1 to earn a berth at the [[2026 AFC Women's Asian Cup|2026 edition]] set to be hosted in Australia.<ref>{{cite news |title=India qualifies for AFC Women's Asian Cup 2026 after beating higher-ranked Thailand |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/india-vs-thailand-report-score-qualifies-afc-womens-asian-cup-2026-qualifiers-indian-football-news-sangita-basfore/article69777193.ece |access-date=5 July 2025 |work=Sportstar |date=5 July 2025 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=India women's football team qualifies for 2026 AFC Asian Cup to be held in Australia|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/football/india-womens-football-team-qualifies-for-2026-afc-asian-cup-to-be-held-in-australia-prnt/cid/2111774#goog_rewarded|website=The Telegraph|date=7 July 2025}}</ref><br />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL<br />
|section=Group B<br />
|class_rules=[[#Tiebreakers|Qualification tiebreakers]]<br />
|source=[https://web.archive.org/web/20250705091912/https://www.the-afc.com/en/national/afc_womens_asian_cup/fixtures.html AFC]<br />
<br />
|name_THA={{fbw|THA}}<br />
|name_IND={{fbw|IND}}<br />
|name_MNG={{fbw|MNG}}<br />
|name_TLS={{fbw|TLS}}<br />
|name_IRQ={{fbw|IRQ}}<br />
<br />
<!--UPDATE standings and date below --><br />
|update=complete<br />
|win_THA=3 |draw_THA=0 |loss_THA=1 |gf_THA=23 |ga_THA=2 |status_THA=H<br />
|win_IND=4 |draw_IND=0 |loss_IND=0 |gf_IND=24 |ga_IND=1 |status_IND=<br />
|win_MNG=0 |draw_MNG=0 |loss_MNG=4 |gf_MNG=3 |ga_MNG=32 |status_MNG=<br />
|win_TLS=1 |draw_TLS=1 |loss_TLS=2 |gf_TLS=3 |ga_TLS=9 |status_TLS=<br />
|win_IRQ=1 |draw_IRQ=1 |loss_IRQ=2 |gf_IRQ=5 |ga_IRQ=14 |status_IRQ=<br />
<br />
<!--UPDATE positions below (check tiebreakers)--><br />
|team_order=IND, THA, TLS, IRQ, MNG<br />
<br />
<!--UPDATE qualifications below--><br />
|res_col_header=Q<br />
|result1=FT<br />
|col_FT=green1 |text_FT={{nowrap|[[2026 AFC Women's Asian Cup|Final tournament]]}}<br />
<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main<br />
|id = Auto<br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|06|23|df=y}}<br />
|time = 16:00<br />
|team1 = {{fbw-rt|MNG}}<br />
|score = 0–13<br />
|team2 = {{fbw|IND}}<br />
|goals1 =<br />
|goals2 =<br />
*[[Sangita Basfore|Basfore]] {{goal|8}}<br />
*[[Soumya Guguloth|Guguloth]] {{goal|20||59}}<br />
*[[Pyari Xaxa|Xaxa]] {{goal|29||45||46||52||55}}<br />
*[[Rimpa Haldar|Haldar]] {{goal|67}}<br />
*[[Malavika Prasad|Prasad]] {{goal|71}}<br />
*[[Priyadharshini Selladurai|Selladurai]] {{goal|73||86}}<br />
*[[Grace Dangmei|Dangmei]] {{goal|75|p}}<br />
|stadium = [[700th Anniversary Stadium]], [[Chiang Mai]]<br />
|attendance =<br />
|referee = Jon Sol-mi ([[DPR Korea Football Association|North Korea]])<br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/national/afc_womens_asian_cup.html/news/qualifiers-group-b-mongolia-0-13-india<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main<br />
|id = Auto<br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|06|29|df=y}}<br />
|time = 16:00<br />
|team1 = {{fbw-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 4–0<br />
|team2 = {{fbw|TLS}}<br />
|goals1 =<br />
*[[Manisha Kalyan|Kalyan]] {{goal|12||80}}<br />
*[[Anju Tamang|Tamang]] {{goal|58}}<br />
*[[Lynda Kom|Kom]] {{goal|85}}<br />
|goals2 =<br />
|stadium = [[700th Anniversary Stadium]], [[Chiang Mai]]<br />
|attendance =<br />
|referee = [[Doumouh Al-Bakkar]] ([[Lebanese Football Association|Lebanon]])<br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/national/afc_womens_asian_cup.html/news/qualifiers-group-b-india-4-0-timor-leste<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main<br />
|id = Auto<br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|07|02|df=y}}<br />
|time = 16:00<br />
|team1 = {{fbw-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 5–0<br />
|team2 = {{fbw|IRQ}}<br />
|goals1 =<br />
*[[Sangita Basfore|Basfore]] {{goal|14}}<br />
*[[Manisha Kalyan|Kalyan]] {{goal|44}}<br />
*[[Karthika Angamuthu|Angamuthu]] {{goal|48}}<br />
*[[Nirmala Devi Phanjoubam|Phanjoubam]] {{goal|64}}<br />
*[[Nongmaithem Ratanbala Devi|Nongmaithem]] {{goal|80}}<br />
|goals2 =<br />
|stadium = [[700th Anniversary Stadium]], [[Chiang Mai]]<br />
|attendance =<br />
|referee = Azusa Sugino ([[Japan Football Association|Japan]])<br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/national/afc_womens_asian_cup.html/news/qualifiers-group-b-india-5-0-iraq<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main<br />
|id = Auto<br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|07|05|df=y}}<br />
|time = 19:30<br />
|team1 = {{fbw-rt|THA}}<br />
|score = 1–2<br />
|team2 = {{fbw|IND}}<br />
|goals1 =<br />
*[[Chatchawan Rodthong|Chatchawan]] {{goal|47}}<br />
|goals2 =<br />
*[[Sangita Basfore|Basfore]] {{goal|29||74}}<br />
|stadium = [[700th Anniversary Stadium]], [[Chiang Mai]]<br />
|attendance =<br />
|referee = Kim Yu-jeong ([[Korea Football Association|South Korea]])<br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/national/afc_womens_asian_cup.html/news/qualifiers-group-b-thailand-1-2-india<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== Durand Cup ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Durand Cup|2025 Durand Cup group stage|2025 Durand Cup knockout stage}}<br />
The [[2025 Durand Cup]] is the 134th edition of the [[Durand Cup]], the oldest football tournament in [[Asia]], and the fourth edition since the [[Asian Football Confederation]] supported it. The tournament is hosted by the Durand Football Tournament Society in co-operation with the [[All India Football Federation|AIFF]], [[Eastern Command (India)|Eastern Command]] of the Indian Armed Forces and the [[Government of West Bengal]], supported by the governments of [[Assam]], [[Meghalaya]], [[Manipur]] and [[Jharkhand]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-17 |title=Assam: Durand Cup 2025 to return to Kokrajhar; BTR gears up for another grand football celebration |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/assam/story/assam-durand-cup-2025-to-return-to-kokrajhar-btr-gears-up-for-another-grand-football-celebration-1215124-2025-05-17 |access-date=2025-05-18 |website=India Today NE |language=hi}}</ref> Initially, [[Indonesian Army]] had assured to participate in this tournament but later on they withdrew their name and was replaced by [[Malaysian Army]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Durand Cup 2025: Malaysia Army replaces Indonesia Army, Tribhuwan from Nepal the other army team |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/durand-cup-teams-malaysia-army-replaces-indonesia-nepal-tribhuwan-added-full-confirmed-team-list/article69790575.ece |access-date=2025-07-09 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en-us}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Quarter-finals ====<br />
{{#lst:2025 Durand Cup knockout stage|QF}}<br />
<br />
==== Semi-finals ====<br />
{{#lst:2025 Durand Cup knockout stage|SF}}<br />
<br />
==== Final ====<br />
{{Further|2025 Durand Cup final}}<br />
{{#lst:2025 Durand Cup final|Final}}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 CAFA Nations Cup]] ===<br />
[[India men's national football team|India]] is participating in the '''2025 edition''' of the [[CAFA Nations Cup]], a biennial international men's football championship of [[Central Asia]], being held in [[Tajikistan]] and [[Uzbekistan]] from 29 August to 8 September 2025.<ref>{{cite news |title=CAFA Nations Cup-2025: A championship with fierce competition and new guests |url=https://zamin.uz/en/sport/153326-cafa-nations-cup-2025-a-championship-with-fierce-competition-and-new-guests.html |access-date=8 July 2025 |work=Zamin.uz |date=28 June 2025 |language=en}}</ref> India received the invitation after the [[Malaysia national football team|Malaysian team]] withdrew from the competition.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India to play CAFA Nations Cup 2025 |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/india-to-play-cafa-nations-cup-2025 |access-date=2025-07-30 |website=[[All India Football Federation]]}}</ref> This will be India's first tournament under the new coach [[Khalid Jamil]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/football/why-does-khalid-jamil-being-indias-next-head-coach-make-sense|title=Why does Khalid Jamil being India's next head coach make sense?|website=Khel Now}}</ref> In first round, India defeated a higher ranked [[Tajikistan national football team|Tajikistan]] by 2–1.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/sports/football-news/cafa-nations-cup-2025-anwar-sandesh-score-as-india-beat-tajikistan-2-1-125083000012_1.html|title=CAFA Nations Cup 2025: Anwar, Sandesh score as India beat Tajikistan 2-1|website=[[Business Standard]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Group Stage (Group B)====<br />
{{:2025 CAFA Nations Cup|transcludesection=Group B|showteam=IND}}<br />
----<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main<br />
| date = {{Start date|2025|8|29|df=y}}<br />
| time = 20:30<br />
| team1 = {{#invoke:flag|fb-rt|TJK}}<br />
| score = 1–2<br />
| team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fb|IND}}<br />
| goals1 = <br />
*[[Shahrom Samiev|Samiev]] {{goal|23}}<br />
| goals2 = <br />
*[[Anwar Ali (footballer, born 2000)|Anwar]] {{goal|5}}<br />
*[[Sandesh Jhingan|Jhingan]] {{goal|13}}<br />
| stadium = [[Hisor Central Stadium]], [[Hisar (Tajikistan)|Hisor]]<br />
| attendance = 17,450<br />
| referee = Firdavs Norsafarov ([[Uzbekistan Football Association|Uzbekistan]])<br>Man of the Match: [[Sandesh Jhingan]] (India)<br />
| report = [https://globalsportsarchive.com/match/soccer/2025-08-29/tajikistan-vs-india/3873382/ {{nowrap|GSA Report}}]<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main<br />
| date = {{Start date|2025|9|1|df=y}}<br />
| time = 17:00<br />
| team1 = {{#invoke:flag|fb-rt|IND}}<br />
| score = 0–3<br />
| team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fb|IRN}}<br />
| goals1 = <br />
| goals2 = <br />
*[[Amirhossein Hosseinzadeh|Hosseinzadeh]] {{goal|59}}<br />
*[[Ali Alipour|Alipour]] {{goal|89}}<br />
*[[Mehdi Taremi|Taremi]] {{goal|90+6}}<br />
| stadium = [[Hisor Central Stadium]], [[Hisar (Tajikistan)|Hisor]]<br />
| attendance = 1,050<br />
| referee = Ilgiz Tantashev ([[Uzbekistan Football Association|Uzbekistan]])<br>Man of the Match: [[Amirhossein Hosseinzadeh]] (Iran)<br />
| report = [https://globalsportsarchive.com/match/soccer/2025-09-01/india-vs-ir-iran/3873383/ {{nowrap|GSA Report}}]<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main<br />
| date = {{Start date|2025|9|4|df=y}}<br />
| time = 17:00<br />
| team1 = {{#invoke:flag|fb-rt|AFG}}<br />
| score = 0–0<br />
| team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fb|IND}}<br />
| goals1 = <br />
| goals2 = <br />
| stadium = [[Hisor Central Stadium]], [[Hisar (Tajikistan)|Hisor]]<br />
| attendance = 1,100<br />
| referee = Nurzatbek Abdıkadırov ([[Kyrgyz Football Union|Kyrgyzstan]])<br>Man of the Match: [[Anwar Ali (footballer, born 2000)|Anwar Ali]] (India)<br />
| report = [https://globalsportsarchive.com/match/soccer/2025-09-04/afghanistan-vs-india/3873385/ {{nowrap|GSA Report}}]<br />
}}<br />
====Third place match====<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main<br />
| id = <br />
| date = {{Start date|2025|9|8|df=y}}<br />
| time = 17:00<br />
| team1 = {{#invoke:flag|fb-rt|IND}}<br />
| score = 1–1<br />
| aet = y<br />
| team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fb|OMA}}<br />
| goals1 = <br />
*[[Udanta Singh Kumam|Kumam]] {{goal|80}}<br />
| goals2 = <br />
*[[Jameel Al-Yahmadi|Al-Yahmadi]] {{goal|55}}<br />
| penaltyscore = 3–2<br />
| penalties1 = <br />
*[[Lallianzuala Chhangte|Chhangte]] {{pengoal}}<br />
*[[Rahul Bheke|Bheke]] {{pengoal}}<br />
*[[Anwar Ali (footballer, born 2000)|Ali]] {{penmiss}}<br />
*[[Jithin M. S.|Jithin]] {{pengoal}}<br />
*[[Udanta Singh Kumam|Kumam]] {{penmiss}}<br />
| penalties2 = <br />
*{{penmiss}} [[Harib Al-Saadi|Al-Saadi]]<br />
*{{penmiss}} [[Ahmed Al-Kaabi|Al-Kaabi]]<br />
*{{pengoal}} [[Thani Al-Rushaidi|Al-Rushaidi]]<br />
*{{pengoal}} [[Muhsen Al-Ghassani|Al-Ghassani]]<br />
*{{penmiss}} [[Jameel Al-Yahmadi|Al-Yahmadi]]<br />
| stadium = [[Hisor Central Stadium]], [[Hisar (Tajikistan)|Hisor]]<br />
| attendance = <br />
| referee = Firdavs Norsafarov ([[Uzbekistan Football Association|Uzbekistan]])<br>Man of the Match: [[Gurpreet Singh Sandhu]] (India)<br />
| report = [https://globalsportsarchive.com/match/soccer/2025-09-08/india-vs-oman/3903607/ {{nowrap|GSA Report}}]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
=== AFC Champions League Two ===<br />
{{Main|2025–26 AFC Champions League Two}}<br />
The [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two]] is the 22nd edition of Asia's second-tier club [[association football|football]] tournament, organised by the [[Asian Football Confederation]] (AFC), and the second under the [[AFC Champions League Two]] title.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/asian-champions-league-benzema-neymar-ec1c9da0e1d04ffdd3a6dcf52694b2c2|title=Asian Champions League to relaunch with fewer teams and more prize money in 2024–25 season|date=August 14, 2023|website=AP News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=History beckons for AFC Cup 2023/24 contenders as final edition of popular competition kicks off|access-date=13 October 2023|date=15 September 2023|website=the-AFC.com|publisher=Asian Football Confederation|language=en|url=https://www.the-afc.com/en/club/afc_cup/news/history_beckons_for_afc_cup%E2%84%A2_202324_contenders_as_final_edition_of_popular_competition_kicks_off.html}}</ref> [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|Mohun Bagan]] qualified directly for the group stage of West Region as the [[2024–25 Indian Super League]] champions, while [[FC Goa]] qualified for the qualifying playoff for the West Region as they were the [[2025 AIFF Super Cup|2025 Indian Super Cup April edition]] winners. Goa qualified for the group stages after defeating Oman's [[Al-Seeb Club|Al-Seeb]].<br />
<br />
==== Qualifying play-offs ====<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
| round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two#Qualifying play-offs|Preliminary stage]]<br />
| date = 13 August 2025<br />
| time = 19:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| team1 = [[FC Goa|Goa]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}}<br />
| score = 2–1<br />
| team2 = {{nowrap|{{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|OMN}} [[Al-Seeb Club|Al-Seeb]]}}<br />
| report = https://web.archive.org/web/20250823063945/https://www.the-afc.com/en/club/afc_champions_league_two.html/news/ps-fc-goa-ind-2-1-al-seeb-club-oma-2<br />
| goals1 = <br />
*[[Dejan Dražić|Dražić]] {{goal|24}} <br />
*[[Javier Siverio|Siverio]] {{goal|52}} <br />
| goals2 = <br />
*[[Nasser Al-Rawahi|Nasser]] {{goal|60}} <br />
| stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Margao)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]<br />
| location = {{nowrap|[[Goa]], India}} <br />
| attendance = 12,314<br />
| referee = [[Zhang Lei (referee)|Zhang Lei]] ([[China Football Association|China]])<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group C|Group C]] ====<br />
{{Further information|2025–26 Mohun Bagan Super Giant season}}<br />
{{2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group tables|Group C|show_matches=yes<br />
|teamwidth=240|showteam=MBG}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group C|Group Stage]]<br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|9|16|df=y}}<br />
|time = 19:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|Mohun Bagan]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}}<br />
|score = Voided<br>(0–1)<br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|TKM}} [[Ahal FK|Ahal]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
|goals2 = <br />
*[[Enver Annayev|Annayev]] {{goal|83}}<br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Kolkata]]}}, India<br />
|stadium = [[Salt Lake Stadium|Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan]]<br />
|referee = Clifford Daypuyat ([[Philippine Football Federation|Philippines]])<br />
|attendance = 41,003<br />
|report = https://web.archive.org/web/20250918074321/https://www.the-afc.com/en/club/afc_champions_league_two.html/news/group-c-mohun-bagan-super-giant-ind-0-1-ahal-fc-tkm<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group C|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|9|30|df=y}}<br />
|time = 21:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[Sepahan S.C.|Sepahan]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IRN}}<br />
|score = Cancelled{{efn|On 27 September 2025, AFC announced that Mohun Bagan SG were considered to have withdrawn from the AFC Champions League Two after they failed to appear for their fixture against [[Sepahan S.C.|Sepahan]] in [[Isfahan]]. Their single match was voided.<ref name="MBSG"/>}}<br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}} [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|Mohun Bagan]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
|goals2 = <br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Isfahan]]}}, Iran<br />
|stadium = [[Naghsh-e-Jahan Stadium]]<br />
|referee = <br />
|attendance = <br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/matches/afc-champions-league-two/20252026/2597737<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group C|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|10|21|df=y}}<br />
|time = 23:45 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[Al-Hussein SC (Irbid)|Al-Hussein]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|JOR}}<br />
|score = Cancelled<br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}} [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|Mohun Bagan]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
|goals2 = <br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Amman]]}}, Jordan<br />
|stadium = [[Amman International Stadium]]<br />
|referee = <br />
|attendance = <br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/matches/afc-champions-league-two/20252026/2597739<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group C|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|11|4|df=y}}<br />
|time = 19:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|Mohun Bagan]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}}<br />
|score = Cancelled<br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|JOR}} [[Al-Hussein SC (Irbid)|Al-Hussein]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
|goals2 = <br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Kolkata]]}}, India<br />
|stadium = [[Salt Lake Stadium|Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan]]<br />
|referee = <br />
|attendance = <br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/matches/afc-champions-league-two/20252026/2597740<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group C|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|11|25|df=y}}<br />
|time = 19:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[Ahal FK|Ahal]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|TKM}}<br />
|score = Cancelled<br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}} [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|Mohun Bagan]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
|goals2 = <br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Arkadag]]}}, Turkmenistan<br />
|stadium = [[Arkadag Stadium]]<br />
|referee = <br />
|attendance = <br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/matches/afc-champions-league-two/20252026/2597742<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group C|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|12|23|df=y}}<br />
|time = 19:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[Mohun Bagan Super Giant|Mohun Bagan]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}}<br />
|score = Cancelled<br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IRN}} [[Sepahan S.C.|Sepahan]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
|goals2 = <br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Kolkata]]}}, India<br />
|stadium = [[Salt Lake Stadium|Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan]]<br />
|referee = <br />
|attendance = <br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/matches/afc-champions-league-two/20252026/2597744<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group D|Group D]] ====<br />
{{2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group tables|Group D|show_matches=yes<br />
|teamwidth=240|showteam=GOA}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group D|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|9|17|df=y}}<br />
|time = 19:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[FC Goa|Goa]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}}<br />
|score = 0–2 <br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IRQ}} [[Al-Zawraa SC|Al-Zawraa]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
|goals2 = <br />
*[[Reziq Bani Hani|Bani Hani]] {{goal|44}}<br />
*[[Nizar Al-Rashdan|Al-Rashdan]] {{goal|90+5}}<br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Goa]], India}}<br />
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Margao)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]<br />
|referee = Baraa Aisha ([[Palestine Football Association|Palestine]])<br />
|attendance = 8,756<br />
|report = https://web.archive.org/web/20250918073933/https://www.the-afc.com/en/club/afc_champions_league_two.html/news/group-d-fc-goa-ind-0-2-al-zawraa-sc-irq<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group D|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|10|1|df=y}}<br />
|time = 19:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[FC Istiklol|Istiklol]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|TJK}}<br />
|score = 2–0 <br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}} [[FC Goa|Goa]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
*[[Rustam Soirov|Soirov]] {{goal|46}}<br />
*[[Reza Dehghani|Dehghani]] {{goal|74}}<br />
|goals2 = <br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Hisor]], Tajikistan}}<br />
|stadium = [[Hisor Central Stadium]]<br />
|referee = [[Thoriq Alkatiri]] ([[Football Association of Indonesia|Indonesia]])<br />
|attendance = 5,750<br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/matches/afc-champions-league-two/20252026/2597748<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group D|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|10|22|df=y}}<br />
|time = 19:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[FC Goa|Goa]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}}<br />
|score = 1–2 <br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|KSA}} [[Al-Nassr FC|Al-Nassr]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
*[[Brison Fernandes|Fernandes]] {{goal|41}}<br />
|goals2 = <br />
*[[Ângelo Gabriel|Ângelo]] {{goal|10}}<br />
*[[Haroune Camara|Camara]] {{goal|27}}<br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Goa]], India}}<br />
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Margao)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]<br />
|referee = Adel Al-Naqbi ([[United Arab Emirates Football Association|United Arab Emirates]])<br />
|attendance = 14,389<br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/matches/afc-champions-league-two/20252026/2597751<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group D|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|11|6|df=y}}<br />
|time = 00:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[Al-Nassr FC|Al-Nassr]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|KSA}}<br />
|score = 4–0 <br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}} [[FC Goa|Goa]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
*[[Abdulrahman Ghareeb|Ghareeb]] {{goal|35||53}}<br />
*[[Mohammed Maran|Maran]] {{goal|65}}<br />
*[[João Félix]] {{goal|84}}<br />
|goals2 = <br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Riyadh]], Saudi Arabia}}<br />
|stadium = [[King Saud University Stadium|Al-Awwal Park]] <br />
|referee = Kim Hee-gon ([[Korea Football Association|South Korea]])<br />
|attendance = 6,736<br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/matches/afc-champions-league-two/20252026/2597753<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group D|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|11|26|df=y}}<br />
|time = 21:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[Al-Zawraa SC|Al-Zawraa]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IRQ}}<br />
|score = 2–1<br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}} [[FC Goa|Goa]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
*[[Kadhim Raad|Raad]] {{goal|38}}<br />
*[[Hasan Abdulkareem|Abdulkareem]] {{goal|65}}<br />
|goals2 = <br />
*[[Dhurgham Ismail|Ismail]] {{goal|51|o.g.}}<br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Baghdad]], Iraq}}<br />
|stadium = [[Al Zawraa Stadium]]<br />
|referee = Firdavs Norsafarov ([[Uzbekistan Football Association|Uzbekistan]])<br />
|attendance = 8,322<br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/matches/afc-champions-league-two/20252026/2597755<br />
}}<br />
{{#invoke:football box|main <br />
|round = [[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two group stage#Group D|Group Stage]] <br />
|date = {{Start date|2025|12|24|df=y}}<br />
|time = 21:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = [[FC Goa|Goa]] {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|IND}}<br />
|score = 1–2<br />
|team2 = {{#invoke:flag|fbaicon|TJK}} [[FC Istiklol|Istiklol]]<br />
|goals1 =<br />
*[[Dejan Dražić|Dražić]] {{goal|8}}<br />
|goals2 =<br />
*[[Paul Komolafe|Komolafe]] {{goal|53}}<br />
*[[Amirbek Dzhuraboev|Dzhuraboev]] {{goal|56|pen.}} <br />
|location = {{nowrap|[[Goa]], India}}<br />
|stadium = [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Margao)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]<br />
|referee = Ammar Mahfoodh ([[Bahrain Football Association|Bahrain]])<br />
|attendance = 1,083<br />
|report = https://www.the-afc.com/en/matches/afc-champions-league-two/20252026/2597756<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Kabaddi ==<br />
=== Pro Kabaddi League ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Pro Kabaddi League season}}<br />
The [[2025 Pro Kabaddi League season|2025 Pro Kabaddi League]] will be the 12th edition of the [[Pro Kabaddi League]], a franchise-based [[Kabaddi]] league in [[Kabaddi in India|India]], organised by Mashal Sports since 2014. The season will begin on 29 August 2025 and will conclude on TBD.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=3 August 2025 |title=Telugu Titans face Tamil Thalaivas in Pro Kabaddi League Season 12 opener; Vizag, Jaipur, Chennai, Delhi return as venues |url=https://www.prokabaddi.com/news/pkl-2025-season-12-schedule-venues-matches |work=[[Pro Kabaddi]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== Points Table ====<br />
{{2025 Pro Kabaddi League points table}}<br />
<br />
== Kho Kho ==<br />
=== Kho Kho World Cup ===<br />
{{main|2025 Kho Kho World Cup|2025 Kho Kho World Cup final}}<br />
India hosted the [[2025 Kho Kho World Cup|inaugural Kho Kho World Cup]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kho Kho World Cup 2025: India to host historic first edition in New Delhi - full schedule |url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/sports/india-to-host-first-ever-kho-kho-world-cup-in-2025/articleshow/113870958.cms |access-date=2024-10-02 |website=m.economictimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=India to host first-ever Kho Kho World Cup in 2025 - The Economic Times |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/kho-kho-world-cup-2025-india-schedule-fixtures-match-list |access-date=2025-01-09 |website=Olympics}}</ref> which was held at the [[Indira Gandhi Arena]] in [[New Delhi]], [[India]] from 13 to 19 January 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=First-ever Kho Kho World Cup to start from January 13 next year in New Delhi: Check details |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/firstever-kho-kho-world-cup-to-start-from-january-13-next-year-in-new-delhi-check-details-11729086431071.html |date=27 October 2024|website=Mint }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-02 |title=First-ever Kho Kho World Cup to Take Place in India Next Year |url=https://www.news18.com/sports/first-ever-kho-kho-world-cup-to-take-place-in-india-next-year-9071114.html |access-date=2024-10-02 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> [[India]] defeated [[Nepal]] in both the men's and women's competition to be crowned champions.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kho Kho World Cup: After women, Indian men's team also crowned champion |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/kho-kho-world-cup-after-women-indian-mens-team-also-crowned-champion/article69117372.ece |access-date=20 January 2025 |work= |publisher=The Hindu |date=19 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250120042627/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/kho-kho-world-cup-after-women-indian-mens-team-also-crowned-champion/article69117372.ece |archive-date=20 January 2025 |language=en-IN}}</ref><br />
<br />
====Men's Group Stage====<br />
{{2025 Kho Kho World Cup points table|Men Group A|teamwidth=240}}<br />
{{khokhobox<br />
|date = 13 January 2025<br />
|time = 20:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 42–37<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/1 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kk|NEP}}<br />
|result = India won by 5 points<br />
|stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{khokhobox<br />
|date = 14 January 2025<br />
|time = 20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 66–34<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/35 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kk|BRA}}<br />
|result = India won by 32 points<br />
|stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{khokhobox<br />
|date = 15 January 2025<br />
|time = 20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 70–38<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/21 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kk|PER}}<br />
|result = India won by 32 points<br />
|stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{khokhobox<br />
|date = 16 January 2025<br />
|time = 20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 71–34<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/76 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kk|BHU}}<br />
|result = India won by 37 points<br />
|stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Men's Knockouts====<br />
{{Khokhobox<br />
|date = '''Quarter-Final 4'''<br>17 January 2025<br />
|time = 20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 100–40<br />
|team2 = {{kk|SRI}}<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/94 Result]<br />
|result = India won by 60 points<br />
|stadium= [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
|potm=Ramji Kashyap (India)}}<br />
----<br />
{{Khokhobox<br />
|date = '''Semi-Final 2'''<br>18 January 2025<br />
|time = 20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kk-rt|RSA}}<br />
|score = 42–62<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/98 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kk|IND}}<br />
|result = India won by 20 points<br />
|stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
|potm=Gowtham MK (India)}}<br />
----<br />
{{khokhobox<br />
|date = '''Final'''<br>19 January 2025<br />
|time = 20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kk-rt|NEP}}<br />
|score = 36–54<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/100 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kk|IND}}<br />
|result = India won by 18 points<br />
|stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
|potm= Mehul (India)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Women's Group Stage====<br />
{{2025 Kho Kho World Cup points table|Women Group A|teamwidth=240}}<br />
<br />
{{khokhobox<br />
|date = 14 January 2025<br />
|time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kkw-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 175–18<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/32 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kkw|KOR}}<br />
|result = India won by 157 points<br />
|stadium= [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{khokhobox<br />
|date = 15 January 2025<br />
|time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kkw-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 100–16<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/56 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kkw|IRI}}<br />
|result = India won by 84 points<br />
|stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{khokhobox<br />
|date = 16 January 2025<br />
|time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kkw-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 100–20<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/73 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kkw|MAS}} <br />
|result = India won by 80 points<br />
|stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==== Women's knockouts ====<br />
{{Khokhobox<br />
|date = '''Quarter-Final 4'''<br>17 January 2025<br />
|time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kkw-rt|IND}}<br />
|score = 109–16<br />
|team2 = {{kkw|BAN}}<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/93 Result]<br />
|result = India won by 93 points<br />
|stadium= [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
|potm=Ashwani Shinde (India)<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Khokhobox<br />
|date = '''Semi-Final 2'''<br>18 January 2025<br />
|time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kkw-rt|RSA}}<br />
|score = 16–66<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/97 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kkw|IND}}<br />
|result = India won by 50 points<br />
|stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
|potm=Vaishnavi Bajrang (India)<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{khokhobox<br />
|date = '''Final'''<br>19 January 2025<br />
|time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
|team1 = {{kkw-rt|NEP}}<br />
|score = 40–78<br />
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/99 Result]<br />
|team2 = {{kkw|IND}}<br />
|result = India won by 38 points<br />
|stadium = [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]<br />
|potm= Chaithra B (India)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Rugby ==<br />
=== Rugby Premier League ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Rugby Premier League}}<br />
The [[2025 Rugby Premier League]] was the first season of the [[Rugby Premier League]].<ref>{{Cite web|title= Rugby Premier League set to start next year|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/sports/others/rugby-premier-league-set-to-start-next-year-101735058998519-amp.html|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> It was held from 15 to 29 June 2025 with 6 city-based teams.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rugby Premier League Set to Start Next Year, Rahul Bose Calls It 'Game-Changer' For India |url=https://www.news18.com/sports/rugby-premier-league-set-to-start-next-year-rahul-bose-calls-it-game-changer-for-india-9165722.html |access-date=2024-12-23 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> [[Chennai Bulls]] defeated [[Delhi Redz]] 41–0 to win the inaugural title.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-29 |title=Chennai Bulls script history, clinch maiden Rugby Premier League title defeating Delhi Redz {{!}} Other News – India TV |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/sports/other/chennai-bulls-script-history-clinch-maiden-rugby-premier-league-title-defeating-delhi-redz-2025-06-29-996757 |access-date=2025-06-29 |website=www.indiatvnews.com |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== League table ====<br />
{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=Custom<br />
| num_cols=5<br />
| colstyle1=played<br />
| colstyle2=win<br />
| colstyle3=draw<br />
| colstyle4=loss<br />
| colstyle5=points<br />
| winpoints=4<br />
| drawpoints=1<br />
| losspoints=0<br />
<br />
| team3 = BEN | name_BEN =[[Bengaluru Bravehearts]]<br />
| team2 = CHE | name_CHE = [[Chennai Bulls]]<br />
| team4 = DEL | name_DEL = [[Delhi Redz]]<br />
| team1 = HYD | name_HYD = [[Hyderabad Heroes]]<br />
| team5 = KAL | name_KAL = [[Kalinga Black Tigers]]<br />
| team6 = MUM | name_MUM = [[Mumbai Dreamers]]<br />
<br />
| win_BEN = 5<br />
| draw_BEN = 1<br />
| loss_BEN = 4<br />
<br />
| win_CHE = 6<br />
| draw_CHE = 1<br />
| loss_CHE = 3<br />
| status_CHE = C<br />
<br />
| win_DEL = 3<br />
| draw_DEL = 2<br />
| loss_DEL = 5<br />
<br />
| win_HYD = 9<br />
| draw_HYD = 0<br />
| loss_HYD = 1<br />
<br />
| win_KAL = 2<br />
| draw_KAL = 2<br />
| loss_KAL = 6<br />
<br />
| win_MUM = 1<br />
| draw_MUM = 2<br />
| loss_MUM = 7<br />
<br />
|res_col_header=Q<br />
|result1 = Q2 |result2 = Q2 |result3 = Q2 |result4 = Q2<br />
|col_Q2 = green1 | text_Q2 = Advance to [[#Play-offs|playoffs]]<br />
<br />
|status_text_C = <br />
<br />
|class_rules = Tiebreakers for teams tied on points: 1) Number of matches won; 2) Difference between points for and against; 3) Total number of points for; 4) Aggregate number of points scored in matches between tied teams; 5) Number of matches won excluding the first match, then the second and so on until the tie is settled.<br />
|update = future |start_date=1 June 2025 | source = [https://www.rugbypremierleague.in/standings Rugby Premier League]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Semi-finals====<br />
{{#invoke:rugby box|main<br />
|id=<br />
|date=28 June 2025<br />
|time=19:30<br />
|home=[[Chennai Bulls]]<br />
|score=31–12<br />
|away=[[Bengaluru Bravehearts]]<br />
|report=[https://www.rugbypremierleague.in/matches/chennai-bulls-vs-bengaluru-bravehearts-2025-92 Report]<br />
|try1=<br />
|con1=<br />
|pen1=<br />
|drop1=<br />
|try2=<br />
|con2=<br />
|pen2=<br />
|drop2=<br />
|stadium=[[Mumbai Football Arena]], Mumbai<br />
|attendance=<br />
|referee=Craig Chan<br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{#invoke:rugby box|main<br />
|id=<br />
|date=28 June 2025<br />
|time=20:00<br />
|home=[[Hyderabad Heroes]]<br />
|score=7–14<br />
|away=[[Delhi Redz]]<br />
|report=[https://www.rugbypremierleague.in/matches/hyderabad-heroes-vs-delhi-redz-2025-93 Report]<br />
|try1=<br />
|con1=<br />
|pen1=<br />
|drop1=<br />
|try2=<br />
|con2=<br />
|pen2=<br />
|drop2=<br />
|stadium=[[Mumbai Football Arena]], Mumbai<br />
|attendance=<br />
|referee=Ibuki Tetsuka<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Third place playoff====<br />
{{#invoke:rugby box|main<br />
|id=<br />
|date=29 June 2025<br />
|time=19:30<br />
|home=[[Bengaluru Bravehearts]]<br />
|score=12–17<br />
|away=[[Hyderabad Heroes]]<br />
|report=[https://www.rugbypremierleague.in/matches/bengaluru-bravehearts-vs-hyderabad-heroes-2025-94 Report]<br />
|try1=<br />
|con1=<br />
|pen1=<br />
|drop1=<br />
|try2=<br />
|con2=<br />
|pen2=<br />
|drop2=<br />
|stadium=[[Mumbai Football Arena]], Mumbai<br />
|attendance=<br />
|referee=Tetsuya Hirakawa<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Final====<br />
{{#invoke:rugby box|main<br />
|id=<br />
|date=29 June 2025<br />
|time=20:00<br />
|home=[[Chennai Bulls]]<br />
|score=41–0<br />
|away=[[Delhi Redz]]<br />
|report=[https://www.rugbypremierleague.in/matches/chennai-bulls-vs-delhi-redz-2025-95 Report]<br />
|try1=<br />
|con1=<br />
|pen1=<br />
|drop1=<br />
|try2=<br />
|con2=<br />
|pen2=<br />
|drop2=<br />
|stadium=[[Mumbai Football Arena]], Mumbai<br />
|attendance=<br />
|referee=Craig Chan<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Sepak takraw ==<br />
=== ISTAF World Cup ===<br />
{{Main|2025 ISTAF World Cup}}<br />
[[Sepak takraw in India|India]] hosted the [[2025 ISTAF World Cup]], held at the [[Patliputra Sports Complex|Patliputra Indoor Stadium]], [[Bihar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/bihar-to-host-sepaktakraw-world-cup-from-tomorrow/articleshow/119172679.cms|title=Bihar to host Sepaktakraw world cup from tomorrow|date=18 March 2025|accessdate=23 March 2025|work=[[Times of India]]}}</ref><ref name=20c>{{cite web|url=https://www.newsonair.gov.in/bihar-hosts-sepak-takraw-2025-world-cup-20-countries-participating/|title=Bihar hosts Sepak Takraw 2025 World Cup, 20 countries participating|date=20 March 2025|accessdate=23 March 2025|publisher=[[Akashvani (radio broadcaster)|Akashvani]]}}</ref> India secured their first men's team regu gold medal and their second overall gold in World Cup history.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/india-win-gold-at-2025-sepaktakraw-world-cup-patna-pm-narendra-modi-reaction-13874724.html |title=India create history at 2025 Sepaktakraw World Cup with first-ever gold medal, PM Modi reacts |date=26 March 2025|accessdate=7 August 2025|publisher=[[Firstpost]]}}</ref> India ended with one bronze, one silver and five bronze medals, making it their most successful [[ISTAF World Cup|World Cup]] campaign.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/other-sports/sepak-takraw-world-cup-india-player-profile-national-tournaments-global-aspirations/article69395854.ece |title=Sepak Takraw World Cup gold for India: Can this win spark a revolution? |date=2 April 2025|accessdate=7 August 2025|publisher=[[Sportstar]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |Event<br />
! colspan="5" |Group Stage<br />
! Quarter-finals<br />
! Semi-finals<br />
! colspan="2" | Final <br />
|-<br />
! Opposition<br />Score<br />
! Opposition<br />Score<br />
! Opposition<br />Score<br />
! Opposition<br />Score<br />
! Rank<br />
! Opposition<br />Score<br />
! Opposition<br />Score<br />
! Opposition<br />Score<br />
! Rank<br />
|-<br />
| Men's Doubles<br />
| {{POL}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{POL}}<br>'''L''' 0–2<br />
| {{TPE}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{VIE}}<br>'''W''' 2–1<br />
| 2'''Q'''<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{MYA}}<br>'''L''' 0–2<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{world3}}<br />
|-<br />
| Men's Regu<br />
| {{NZL}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{USA}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| colspan=2 {{n/a}}<br />
| 1'''Q'''<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{IRI}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{JPN}}<br>'''W''' 2–1<br />
| {{World1}}<br />
|-<br />
| Men's Quadrant<br />
| {{NZL}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{USA}}<br>'''W''' 2–1<br />
| {{IRI}}<br>'''W''' 2–1<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| 1'''Q'''<br />
| {{SGP}}<br>'''W''' 2–1<br />
| {{VIE}}<br>'''L''' 1–2<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{World3}}<br />
|-<br />
| Women's Doubles<br />
| {{CHN}}<br>'''w/o'''<br />
| {{FRA}}<br>'''w/o'''<br />
| {{JPN}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| 1'''Q'''<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{IRI}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{MYA}}<br>'''L''' 0–2<br />
| {{World2}}<br />
|-<br />
| Women's Regu<br />
| {{MAS}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{NEP}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{POL}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| 1'''Q'''<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{VIE}}<br>'''L''' 0–2<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{World3}}<br />
|-<br />
| Women's Quadrant<br />
| {{CHN}}<br>'''w/o'''<br />
| {{IRI}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{NEP}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{MAS}}<br>'''L''' 1–2<br />
| 2'''Q'''<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{THA}}<br>'''L''' 0–2<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{World3}}<br />
|-<br />
| Mixed Quadrant<br />
| {{NEP}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{VIE}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{JPN}}<br>'''W''' 2–0<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| 1'''Q'''<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{MYA}}<br>'''L''' 0–2<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
| {{world3}}<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== [[Shooting sports|Shooting]] ==<br />
=== [[2025 ISSF World Cup]] ===<br />
[[Shooting sports in India|India]] is participating in the '''2025 [[ISSF World Cup]]''' from 1 April to 9 December 2025, which is held across various locations.<ref name=:calendar>{{Cite web |title=ISSF Calendar - International Shooting Sport Federation |url=https://www.issf-sports.org/calendar.ashx |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=www.issf-sports.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Live streaming, ISSF World Cup 2025 Buenos Aires: Manu Bhaker to spearhead Indian contingent - full schedule, where to watch |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/issf-world-cup-2025-buenos-aires-shooting-india-live-streaming-schedule |access-date=2025-04-01 |website=Olympics}}</ref><br />
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size:85%"<br />
|-<br />
!Medal<br />
!Player<br />
!Event<br />
!Category<br />
!Date<br />
!{{Abbr|Ref.|References}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Sift Kaur Samra]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |50m Rifle 3 Positions Women<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |4 April<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sift Kaur Samra wins gold medal at ISSF World Cup in Buenos Aires, Argentina |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/shooting/sift-kaur-samra-wins-gold-medal-at-issf-world-cup-in-buenos-aires-argentina/articleshow/120005764.cms |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Rudrankksh Balasaheb Patil]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |10m Air Men<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |6 April<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISSF World Cup 2025 Buenos Aires: Rudrankksh Patil wins gold medal in 10m air rifle |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/issf-world-cup-2025-buenos-aires-shooting-india-10m-air-rifle-men-medal-report |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[Olympics.com]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Suruchi Inder Singh]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Pistol<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 10m Air Women<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |8 April<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=India's Suruchi Singh wins women's 10m air pistol gold at Argentina Shooting World Cup |url=https://www.ptinews.com/story/sports/india-s-suruchi-singh-wins-women-s-10m-air-pistol-gold-at-argentina-shooting-world-cup/2447029 |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[Press Trust of India]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Vijayveer Sidhu]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Pistol<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 25m Rapid Fire Men<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |8 April<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vijayveer Sidhu Fetches India's Fourth Gold At Shooting World Cup |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/shooting/vijayveer-sidhu-fetches-indias-fourth-gold-at-shooting-world-cup-8125609 |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=[[NDTV Sports]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Suruchi Inder Singh]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Pistol<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 10m Air Women<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |15 April<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shooting: Suruchi Singh wins back-to-back World Cup gold, silver for Manu |url=https://www.ptinews.com/story/sports/shooting-suruchi-singh-wins-back-to-back-world-cup-gold-silver-for-manu/2469960 |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[Press Trust of India]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Suruchi Inder Singh]]<br>[[Saurabh Chaudhary]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |10m Air Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |16 April<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISSF World Cup: Suruchi Inder Singh and Saurabh Chaudhary Strike Gold In Lima |url=https://www.news18.com/sports/issf-world-cup-suruchi-inder-singh-and-saurabh-chaudhary-strike-gold-in-lima-9302025.html |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[News18]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Suruchi Inder Singh]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Pistol<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 10m Air Women<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |13 June<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISSF World Cup 2025 Munich: Suruchi Singh wins gold medal in 10m air pistol |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/issf-world-cup-2025-munich-shooting-women-10m-pistol-gold-medal-report |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[Olympics.com]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Arya Borse]]<br>[[Arjun Babuta]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Rifle<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |10m Air Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |14 June<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gold winners: Arjun Babuta and Arya Borse beat Chinese to win 10m air rifle mixed team gold in World Cup |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/arjun-babuta-arya-borse-chinese-10m-air-rifle-mixed-team-10066975/ |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Esha Singh]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Pistol<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 10m Air Women<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |13 September<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Esha Singh upstages Olympic champion to take women’s 10m air pistol gold at ISSF World Cup |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/esha-singh-upstages-olympic-champion-to-take-womens-10m-air-pistol-gold-at-issf-world-cup-10248802/ |access-date=2025-09-14 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Esha Singh]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |25m Women<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |5 April<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hyderabad's Esha Singh wins silver in 25m pistol event at World Cup Shooting Championship |url=https://telanganatoday.com/hyderabads-esha-singh-wins-silver-in-25m-pistol-event-at-world-cup-shooting-championship |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=[[Telangana Today]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Arya Borse]]<br>[[Rudrankksh Balasaheb Patil]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Rifle<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |10m Air Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |9 April<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISSF World Cup 2025: Rudrankksh Patil, Arya Borse Clinch Silver In 10m Air Rifle Mixed Team Final |url=https://www.news18.com/sports/issf-world-cup-2025-rudrankksh-patil-arya-borse-clinch-silver-in-10m-air-rifle-mixed-team-final-9293222.html |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[News18]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Manu Bhaker]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |10m Air Women<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |15 April<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Suruchi Singh Wins Back-To-Back WC Gold, Silver For Manu Bhaker |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/suruchi-singh-wins-back-to-back-wc-gold-silver-for-manu-bhaker-article-151434162 |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=[[Times Now]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Arjun Babuta]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Rifle<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |10m Air Men<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |19 April<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arjun Babuta breaks medal drought in Lima |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/arjun-babuta-breaks-medal-drought-in-lima-101745170045129.html |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Arya Borse]]<br>[[Rudrankksh Balasaheb Patil]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Rifle<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |10m Air Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |20 April<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISSF World Cup 2025 Lima: Rudrannksh Patil-Arya Borse win silver medal in 10m air rifle mixed team |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/issf-world-cup-2025-lima-shooting-10m-air-rifle-mixed-team-silver-medal |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[Olympics.com]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Simranpreet Kaur Brar]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |25m Women<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |21 April<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Simranpreet Kaur Brar sins Silver in women's 25m pistol at Lima World Cup |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/shooting/simranpreet-kaur-brar-sins-silver-in-womens-25m-pistol-at-lima-world-cup/articleshow/120504766.cms |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=[[Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Chain Singh]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Rifle<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |50m Rifle 3 Positions Men<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |4 April<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chain Singh Bags ISSF World Cup Bronze In 50m Rifle 3-Positions |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/shooting/chain-singh-bags-issf-world-cup-bronze-in-50m-rifle-3-positions-8088907 |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=[[NDTV Sports]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Suruchi Inder Singh]]<br>[[Saurabh Chaudhary]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |10m Air Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |10 April<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISSF World Cup 2025: Saurabh Chaudhary Back on The Podium as India End Buenos Aires Leg With 8 Medals |url=https://www.mykhel.com/more-sports/issf-world-cup-2025-saurabh-chaudhary-back-on-podium-as-india-end-buenos-aires-leg-with-8-medals-354049.html |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[Sportstar]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Saurabh Chaudhary]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |10m Air Men<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |15 April<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saurabh Chaudhary wins bronze, first medal for India at Lima Shooting World Cup |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/saurabh-chaudhary-wins-bronze-first-medal-for-india-at-lima-shooting-world-cup/article69454266.ece |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Kynan Chenai]]<br>[[Sabeera Haris]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Shotgun<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Trap Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |11 May<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kynan, Sabeera win Trap Mixed Team bronze as Nicosia Shotgun World Cup concludes |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sports/kynan-sabeera-win-trap-mixed-team-bronze-as-nicosia-shotgun-world-cup-concludes/ |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=[[The Tribune (India)|The Tribune]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Elavenil Valarivan]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |10m Air Women<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |10 June <br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISSF World Cup: Elavenil Valarivan wins bronze in women's 10m air rifle in Munich |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/shooting/issf-world-cup-elavenil-valarivan-wins-bronze-in-womens-10m-air-rifle-in-munich/articleshow/121757214.cms |access-date=2025-08-05 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Sift Kaur Samra]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |50m Rifle 3 Positions Women<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |12 June <br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISSF World Cup: Sift Kaur Samra wins bronze medal in women's 50m rifle 3 positions |url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/sports/issf-world-cup-sift-kaur-samra-wins-bronze-medal-in-womens-50m-rifle-3-positions/articleshow/121803830.cms |access-date=2025-08-04 |website=[[The Economic Times]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Meghana Sajjanar]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |10m Air Women<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |14 September<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meghana Sajjanar wins air rifle bronze |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/meghana-sajjanar-wins-air-rifle-bronze/article70049444.ece |access-date=2025-09-14 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 Asian Shooting Championships]] ===<br />
==== Senior ====<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size:85%"<br />
|-<br />
!Medal<br />
!Player<br />
!Event<br />
!Category<br />
!Date<br />
!{{Abbr|Ref.|References}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Rudrankksh Patil]]<br>[[Arjun Babuta]]<br>[[Kiran Jadhav]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Men's 10m Air Team<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 21 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Elavenil Valarivan]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Women's 10m Air<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |22 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Elavenil Valarivan]]<br>[[Arjun Babuta]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |10m Air Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |23 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Aishwary Pratap Singh]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Men's 50m Rifle 3 Positions<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |24 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Sift Kaur Samra]]<br>[[Ashi Chouksey]]<br>[[Anjum Moudgil]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Women's 50m Rifle 3 Positions Team<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |26 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Sift Kaur Samra]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Women's 50m Rifle 3 Positions<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |26 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Ankur Mittal]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | Shotgun<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |Men's Double Trap<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |29 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |{{World1}} Gold<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" | <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Anmol Jain]]<br>[[Aditya Malra]]<br>[[Saurabh Chaudhary]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Men's 10m Air Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |18 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Aishwary Pratap Singh]]<br>[[Chain Singh]]<br>[[Akhil Sheoran]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Rifle<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Men's 50m Rifle 3 Positions Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |24 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Bhowneesh Mendiratta]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Shotgun<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Men's Trap<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |25 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Adarsh Singh]]<br>[[Anish Bhanwala]]<br>[[Neeraj Kumar (sport shooter)|Neeraj Kumar]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Men's 25m Rapid Fire Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |26 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Anish Bhanwala]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Men's 25m Rapid Fire <br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |26 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Kumar Yogesh]]<br>[[Amanpreet Singh]]<br>[[Ravinder Singh (sport shooter)|Ravinder Singh]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Men's 50m Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |27 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Manini Kaushik]]<br>[[Surabhi Rapole]]<br>[[Vidarsa Vinod]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |Rifle<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" | Women's 50m Prone Team<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |29 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |{{World2}} Silver<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Manu Bhaker]]<br>[[Suruchi Singh]]<br>[[Palak Gulia]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Women's 10m Air Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |19 August<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Manu Bhaker]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Women's 10m Air<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |19 August<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Suruchi Singh]]<br>[[Saurabh Chaudhary]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |10m Air Mixed Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |20 August<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Elavenil Valarivan]]<br>[[Mehuli Ghosh]]<br>[[Ananya Naidu]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Rifle<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Women's 10m Air Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |22 August<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Esha Singh]]<br>[[Manu Bhaker]]<br>[[Simranpreet Kaur Brar|Simranpreet Brar]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Pistol<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |Women's 25m Team<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |24 August<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Manini Kaushik]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" | Rifle<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" | Women's 50m Prone<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |29 August<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |{{World3}} Bronze<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== [[Squash (sport)|Squash]] ==<br />
=== [[2025 Men's World Squash Championship]] ===<br />
[[India men's national squash team|India]] participated in the [[2025 Men's World Squash Championship|2025]] [[World Squash Championship|Men's World Squash Championship]] and entered three players for the tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anahat Singh, Veer Chotrani qualify for World Squash Championships 2025 by winning Asian qualifiers |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/anahat-singh-veer-chotrani-india-qualify-world-squash-championships-2025 |website=Olympics}}</ref><br />
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |Athlete<br />
!Round of 64<br />
!Round of 32<br />
!Round of 16<br />
!Quarterfinals<br />
!Semifinals<br />
! colspan="2" | Final / {{tooltip|BM|Bronze medal match}}<br />
|-<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Rank<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Abhay Singh (squash player)|Abhay Singh]]<br />
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|SUI}} [[Nicolas Müller (squash player)|Müller]]<br>'''W''' 3-1<br />
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|EGY}} [[Youssef Ibrahim|Ibrahim]]<br>'''L''' 0-3<br />
|colspan=5 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Ramit Tandon]]<br />
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|JPN}} [[Ryūnosuke Tsukue|Tsukue]]<br>'''W''' 3-1<br />
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|ENG}} [[Marwan El Shorbagy|El Shorbagy]]<br>'''L''' 2-3<br />
|colspan=5 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Veer Chotrani]]<br />
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|ENG}} [[Declan James|James]]<br>'''W''' 3-1<br />
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|EGY}} [[Ali Farag|Farag]]<br>'''L''' 1-3<br />
|colspan=5 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 Women's World Squash Championship]] ===<br />
[[India women's national squash team|India]] participated in the [[2025 Women's World Squash Championship|2025]] [[World Squash Championship|Women's World Squash Championship]]. Only [[Anahat Singh]] qualified for the tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chicago to host PSA World Championships - PSA Squash Tour |url=https://www.psasquashtour.com/featured-news/chicago-host-psa-world-championships/ |access-date=2025-05-09 |website=www.psasquashtour.com}}</ref><br />
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |Athlete<br />
!Round of 64<br />
!Round of 32<br />
!Round of 16<br />
!Quarterfinals<br />
!Semifinals<br />
! colspan="2" | Final / {{tooltip|BM|Bronze medal match}}<br />
|-<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Rank<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Anahat Singh]]<br />
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|USA}} [[Marina Stefanoni|Stefanoni]]<br>'''W''' 3-2<br />
|{{#invoke:flag|icon|EGY}} [[Fayrouz Aboelkheir|Aboelkheir]]<br>'''L''' 1-3<br />
|colspan=5 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}}<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Table Tennis ==<br />
=== [[2025 World Table Tennis Championships]] ===<br />
India participated in the [[2025 World Table Tennis Championships|2025]] [[World Table Tennis Championships]] held in [[Doha]], [[Qatar]], from 17 to 25 May 2025.<ref name="ittfwttc">{{cite web|url=https://www.ittf.com/tournament/3108/ittf-world-championships-finals-2025/#information|title=ITTF World Table Tennis Championships Finals Doha 2025|website=ittf.com|access-date=27 April 2025}}</ref><br />
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |Athlete<br />
! rowspan="2" |Event<br />
!rowspan="2"| Seed<br />
! First Round<br />
! Second Round<br />
! Third Round<br />
! Fourth Round<br />
! Quarterfinals<br />
! Semifinals<br />
! colspan="2" | Final / {{tooltip|BM|Bronze medal match}}<br />
|-<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Opposition<br />Score<br />
!Rank<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Ankur Bhattacharjee]]<br />
| rowspan=4|[[2025 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's singles|Men's<br>Singles]]<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|HKG}} [[Lam Siu Hang|Lam]]<br> '''L''' 1-4<br />
|colspan=7 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Manush Shah]]<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|POR}} [[Tiago Apolónia|Apolónia]]<br> '''L''' 2-4<br />
|colspan=7 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Manav Thakkar]]<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|NZL}} [[Choi Timothy|Choi]]<br> '''W''' 4-1<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|JPN}} [[Harimoto Tomokazu|Harimoto]]<br> '''L''' 2-4<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Sathiyan Gnanasekaran]]<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|FRA}} [[Thibault Poret|Poret]]<br> '''L''' 0-4<br />
|colspan=7 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Diya Chitale]]<br />
| rowspan=4|[[2025 World Table Tennis Championships – Women's singles|Women's<br>Singles]]<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ESP}} [[Sofia-Xuan Zhang|Zhang]]<br> '''W''' 4-0<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|TPE}} [[Cheng I-ching|Cheng]]<br> '''L''' 1-4<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Manika Batra]]<br />
|22<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|NGA}} [[Fatimo Bello|Bello]]<br> '''W''' 4-0<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|KOR}} [[Park Ga-hyeon|Park]]<br> '''L''' 0-4<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Sreeja Akula]]<br />
|25<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|THA}} [[Suthasini Sawettabut|Sawettabut]]<br> '''L''' 1-4<br />
|colspan=7 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Yashaswini Ghorpade]]<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|FRA}} [[Yuan Jia Nan|Yuan]]<br> '''L''' 1-4<br />
|colspan=7 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Harmeet Desai]]<br>[[Sathiyan Gnanasekaran]]<br />
| rowspan=2|[[2025 World Table Tennis Championships – Men's doubles|Men's<br>Doubles]]<br />
|{{n/a}}<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|CHI}} [[Nicolas Burgos|Burgos]] / [[Gustavo Gómez|Gómez]]<br> '''L''' 1-3<br />
|colspan=7 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Manush Shah]] <br> [[Manav Thakkar]]<br />
|8<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|SLO}} [[Peter Hribar|Hribar]] / [[Deni Kozul|Kozul]]<br> '''W''' 3-1<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|GER}} [[Dang Qiu|Qiu]] / [[Benedikt Duda|Duda]]<br> '''L''' 1-3<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Diya Chitale]]<br>[[Yashaswini Ghorpade]]<br />
| rowspan=2|[[2025 World Table Tennis Championships – Women's doubles|Women's<br>Doubles]]<br />
|12<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|UZB}} [[Markhabo Magdieva|Magdieva]] / [[Asel Erkebaeva|Erkebaeva]]<br> '''W''' 3-1<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|SGP}} [[Zeng Jian|Zeng]] / [[Ser Lin Qian|Ser]]<br> '''W''' 3-1<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|JPN}} [[Miwa Harimoto|Harimoto]] / [[Miyuu Kihara|Kihara]]<br> '''L''' 0-3<br />
|colspan=5 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Sutirtha Mukherjee]] <br> [[Ayhika Mukherjee]]<br />
|14<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|TUR}} [[Ozge Yilmaz|Yilmaz]] / [[Ece Harac|Harac]]<br> '''W''' 3-2<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|GER}} [[Annett Kaufmann|Kaufmann]] / [[Xiaona Shan|Shan]]<br> '''L''' 0-3<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Diya Chitale]]<br>[[Manush Shah]]<br />
| rowspan=2|[[2025 World Table Tennis Championships – Mixed doubles|Mixed<br>Doubles]]<br />
|9<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|ALG}} [[Mehdi Bouloussa|Bouloussa]] / [[Malissa Nasri|Nasri]]<br> '''W''' 3-0<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|KOR}} [[Oh Junsung|Oh]] / [[Kim Nayeong|Kim]]<br> '''L''' 0-3<br />
|colspan=6 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:left|[[Harmeet Desai]] <br> [[Yashaswini Ghorpade]]<br />
|14<br />
| {{#invoke:flag|icon|FRA}} [[Thibault Poret|Poret]] / [[Leana Hochart|Hochart]]<br> '''L''' 2-3<br />
|colspan=7 {{n/a|''Did not advance to next round''}} <br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== [[2025 Asian Table Tennis Championships]] ===<br />
[[Table tennis in India|India]] will host the [[2025 Asian Table Tennis Championships]], held in [[Bhubaneshwar]] from 11 to 15 October 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ittf.com/tournament/3166/28th%20ITTF-ATTU%20Asian%20Teams%20Championships/|title=28th ITTF-Asian Table Tennis Championships 2025|website=ittf.com|access-date= August 2, 2025}}</ref> Only team events will be played in this edition.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.ittf.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/2025_ATTC_Playing-System.pdf |title=Playing System|website=ITTF|access-date= August 2, 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== 2025 ITTF-ATTU Asian Cup ===<br />
[[Table tennis in India|India]] participated in the 34th [[Asian Cup Table Tennis Tournament|ITTF-ATTU Asian Cup]] held in [[Shenzhen]], [[China]] from 19 to 23 February 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.therightnews.in/2025/02/19/34th-ittf-attu-asian-cup-table-tennis-tournament-begins-in-china/ |title=34th ITTF-ATTU Asian Cup table tennis tournament begins in China |date=19 February 2025 |publisher=The Right News|accessdate=2025-08-06}}</ref> Six players were sent to participate in the tournament, with no one crossing the group stage mark and were thus eliminated.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newsgd.com/node_1299786306/7df6416bb7.shtml |title=Lin, Sun pocket straight wins in ITTF-ATTU Asian Cup |date=21 February 2025 |publisher=Guangdong News|accessdate=2025-08-06}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Tennis ==<br />
=== Bengaluru Open ===<br />
{{Main|2025 Bengaluru Open}}<br />
The [[2025 Bengaluru Open|2025]] [[Bengaluru Open]] was a professional [[tennis tournament]] played on [[hard courts]]. It was the eighth edition of the tournament which was part of the [[2025 ATP Challenger Tour]]. It took place in [[Bengaluru]], from 24 February to 2 March 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bengaluruopen.com/bengaluru-open-to-be-the-biggest-atp-challenger-event-in-india/|title= Bengaluru Open to be the biggest ATP Challenger event in India|date= 24 January 2025|accessdate=5 February 2025}}</ref> [[Anirudh Chandrasekar]] and Taipei's [[Ray Ho]] won the men's doubles title after defeating [[Blake Bayldon]] and [[Matthew Romios]] 6–2, 6–4 in the final.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/bengaluru-open-2025-tennis-doubles-final-results-scores|title=Bengaluru Open 2025 tennis: Anirudh Chandrasekar and Ray Ho win doubles title|publisher=olympics.com|accessdate=1 March 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
== [[Weightlifting]] ==<br />
=== 2025 Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships ===<br />
The '''2025 edition''' of the [[Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships]] was held in [[Ahmedabad]], India, between 24 and 30 August 2025.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gujarat's Ahmedabad To Host Three Major International Sports Events In 2025|url=https://www.news18.com/sports/gujarats-ahmedabad-to-host-three-major-international-sports-events-in-2025-ws-l-9515575.html|website=[[News18]]|date=20 August 2025 |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref> The event was inaugurated by [[Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports|Indian sports minister]] [[Mansukh Mandaviya]].<ref>{{cite web|title=India aspires to be among top 5 sporting nations of world by 2047: Mandaviya|url=https://www.ptinews.com/story/sports/india-aspires-to-be-among-top-5-sporting-nations-of-world-by-2047-mandaviya/2851739|website=[[Press Trust of India]]|date=25 August 2025 |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref> [[Mirabai Chanu]] won gold in the women's 48&nbsp;kg event.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mirabai Chanu makes golden comeback, wins 48kg gold at Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships|url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/mirabai-chanu-gold-commonwealth-weightlifting-championships-2025-13927775.html|website=[[Firstpost]]|date=25 August 2025 |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref> She lifted a record-breaking total of 193&nbsp;kg (84&nbsp;kg snatch and 109&nbsp;kg clean and jerk), setting a new commonwealth championship record.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mirabai Chanu clinches gold at the 2025 Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships: Looking at her journey in pictures|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/photos/sports-gallery/3957165/mirabai-chanu-clinches-gold-at-the-2025-commonwealth-weightlifting-championships-looking-at-her-journey-in-pictures/|website=[[The Financial Express (India)|Financial Express]]|date=25 August 2025 |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref> [[Priteesmita Bhoi]] and [[Dharamjyoti Dewghariya]] also won gold medal in women's 44–48&nbsp;kg and men's 56–60&nbsp;kg events respectively.<ref>{{cite web|title=India Wins Double Gold on Opening Day of CWC 2025|url=https://pragativadi.com/india-wins-double-gold-on-opening-day-of-cwc-2025/|website=[[Pragativadi]]|date=25 August 2025 |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
== [[Wrestling]] ==<br />
=== [[2025 U20 World Wrestling Championships]] ===<br />
The '''2025 edition''' of the [[U20 World Wrestling Championships]] were held in [[Samokov]], [[Bulgaria]] between 17 and 24 August 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|title=2025 U20 World Wrestling Championships|url=https://uww.org/event/u20-world-championships-0/schedule-matches-fixtures|date=2025-08-17|website=[[United World Wrestling]]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|title=U20 World Championships 2025 Entries|url=https://uww.org/article/u20-world-championships-2025-entries|date=2025-08-05|website=[[United World Wrestling]]|language=en}}</ref> India finished their campaign with 9 medals - 2 gold, 4 silver and 3 bronze - and were placed 4th at the [[2025 U20 World Wrestling Championships#Medal table|medal tally]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|title=U20 World Wrestling Championships 2025: Indian medal winners - full list|url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/u20-world-wrestling-championships-2025-medal-winners-list-india|date=2025-08-24|website=[[Olympics.com]]|language=en}}</ref><br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:85%"<br />
|-<br />
!Medal<br />
!Player<br />
!Category<br />
!Event<br />
!Date<br />
! {{Abbr|Ref.|References}}<br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}} <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Tapasya Gahlawat]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" rowspan=2| Freestyle<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |Women's 57&nbsp;kg<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |20 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=From doubt to glory: Tapasya Gahlawat becomes U20 world wrestling champion|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/wrestling/from-doubt-to-glory-tapasya-gahlawat-becomes-u20-world-wrestling-champion/articleshow/123446984.cms|website=[[Times of India]]|date=21 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |{{World1}} <br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;" |[[Kajal Dochak]]<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |Women's 72&nbsp;kg<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |22 August<br />
|style="background:#F7F6A8;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=17-year-old Kajal clinches 72kg gold at U20 World Championships|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/wrestling/17-year-old-kajal-clinches-72kg-gold-at-u20-world-championships/articleshow/123465971.cms|website=[[Times of India]]|date=22 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Sumit Malik (freestyle wrestler)|Sumit Malik]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=4|Freestyle<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" | Men's 57&nbsp;kg<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |19 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=U20 World Wrestling C'ships 2025: Silver for Sumit Malik|url=https://thebridge.in/wrestling/u20-world-wrestling-2025-silver-sumit-malik-54253|website=The Bridge Sports|date=20 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Srishti (wrestler)|Srishti]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" | Women's 68&nbsp;kg<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |20 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=World junior wrestling: Tapsya wins gold in 57kg, Srishti silver in 68kg|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/sports/others/world-junior-wrestling-tapsya-wins-gold-in-57kg-srishti-silver-in-68kg-101755713679824.html|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=20 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Reena (wrestler)|Reena]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" | Women's 55&nbsp;kg<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" rowspan=2|21 August<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=Reena and Priya win silver at U20 World Wrestling Championships|url=https://thebridge.in/wrestling/reena-priya-silver-u20-wrestling-2025-54277|website=The Bridge Sports|date=21 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |{{World2}}<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;" |[[Priya Malik]]<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" | Women's 76&nbsp;kg<br />
|style="background:#DCE5E5;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=U20 World Wrestling Championships 2025: Reena and Priya Malik clinch silver|url=https://www.therightnews.in/2025/08/22/u20-world-wrestling-championships-2025-reena-and-priya-malik-clinch-silver/|website=The Right News|date=21 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Suraj (wrestler)|Suraj]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Greco-Roman<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Men's 60&nbsp;kg<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=3|22 August<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |<ref>{{cite web|title=India's Greco-Roman wrestlers disappoint, Anil Mor falls short of bronze|url=https://www.business-standard.com/sports/other-sports-news/india-s-greco-roman-wrestlers-disappoint-anil-mor-falls-short-of-bronze-125082300901_1.html|website=[[Business Standard]]|date=22 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Shruti (wrestler)|Shruti]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2|Freestyle<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Women's 50&nbsp;kg<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" rowspan=2|<ref>{{cite web|title=Shruti, Saarika, Kaajal Reach U20 World Wrestling Semifinals|url=https://www.news18.com/sports/shruti-saarika-kaajal-reach-u20-world-wrestling-semifinals-ws-l-9519838.html|website=[[News18]]|date=22 August 2025 |accessdate=24 August 2025}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |{{World3}}<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;" |[[Saarika (wrestler)|Saarika]]<br />
|style="background:#FFDAB9;text-align:center" |Women's 53&nbsp;kg<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2025 in Indian sport| ]]<br />
[[Category:2025 in India|sports]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=B._P._Jeevan_Reddy&diff=488664B. P. Jeevan Reddy2026-05-02T09:24:00Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: put up info.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|High Court of India judge}}<br />
{{BLP sources|date=November 2024}}<br />
<br />
'''B.P. Jeevan Reddy''' (born 14 March 1932) is a former judge of [[Supreme Court of India]].<ref name="SCI.gov.in">{{Cite web|title=Justice B P Jeevan Reddy|url=https://www.sci.gov.in/judge/justice-b-p-jeevan-reddy/|access-date=2024-11-30|website=Supreme Court India}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Early life and education ==<br />
<br />
He completed his schooling at Chaderghat High School, Hyderabad, and law degree from Law College, [[Osmania University]]. He served as an Advocate of the [[Hyderabad High Court]]. He served as an additional judge of the [[High Court of Andhra Pradesh]] and was a permanent judge of that court too.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-03-27 |title=NALSAR gets ₹1.50 crore donation from Justice Jeevan Reddy |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/nalsar-gets-150-crore-donation-from-justice-jeevan-reddy/article65265355.ece |access-date=2024-11-30 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He worked as a Chief Justice of [[Allahabad High Court]] before being elevated as a Supreme Court judge.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BP Jeevan Reddy News Photo Justice BP Jeevan Reddy, Cha... |url=https://timescontent.timesofindia.com/photo/news/BP-Jeevan-Reddy/496272 |access-date=2024-11-30 |website=Times Of India |language=English}}</ref> Formerly, he was the chairman of the Law Commission of India, New Delhi. He is also the author of a Book Modern Power Politics (Publishers: Orient Longman and Company).<ref name="High Court for State of Telangana">{{Cite web|title=Justice B P Jeevan Reddy|url=https://tshc.gov.in/showFormerJudgeProfile?id=232#:~:text=Hon'ble%20Sri%20Justice%20B.P.,Hyderabad%20High%20Court%20on%2008.08.|access-date=2024-11-30|website=Telangana State High Court}}</ref><br />
<br />
Justice B.P. Jeevan Reddy Centre for International Trade and Business Laws, a research center is at [[NALSAR University of Law|Nalsar University]].<ref name="Research Center at Nalsar University">{{Cite web|title=Justice B P Jeevan Reddy Centre for International Trade and Business Laws|url=https://nalsar.ac.in/center|access-date=2024-11-30|website=Nalsar University Website}}</ref><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
[[NALSAR University of Law|Nalsar University Research Centers]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jeevan Reddy, BPS}}<br />
[[Category:Indian judges]]<br />
[[Category:1932 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
<br />
{{India-law-bio-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vengeance_(2026_film)&diff=544089Vengeance (2026 film)2026-05-02T03:09:07Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding Some Pg Nd Citations</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use Indian English|date=May 2026}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2026}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| image = Vengeance (2026 film).jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = Rahul Ashok<br />
| writer = Rahul Ashok<br />
| producer = A. P. Ashok Kumar<br />
| starring = [[Abarnathi]]<br />
| cinematography = [[M. S. Prabhu]]<br />
| editing = Imran<br />
| music = '''Songs:'''<br />[[Karthik Raja]]<br />'''Score:'''<br />AGR (Arun Raj)<br />
| studio = AC Productions<br />
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2026|3|13}}<br />
| runtime = 149 minutes<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vengeance |url=https://www.cbfcindia.gov.in/cbfcAdmin/search-result.php?recid=Q0EwMzEyMDIyMDI2MDAxMDQ= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260502030717/https://www.cbfcindia.gov.in/cbfcAdmin/search-result.php?recid=Q0EwMzEyMDIyMDI2MDAxMDQ= |archive-date=2 May 2026 |access-date=2 May 2026 |website=[[Central Board of Film Certification]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Tamil<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Vengeance''''' is a 2026 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[political drama]] film written and directed by Rahul Ashok in his directorial debut. It stars [[Abarnathi]] in the lead role with [[Ilavarasu]], [[John Vijay]], [[J. Livingston]], [[Y. G. Mahendran]] and [[Kaali Venkat]] in prominent roles. The film was theatrically released on 13 March 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 March 2026 |title=Abarnathi's Vengeance gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2026/Mar/03/abarnathis-vengeance-gets-a-release-date |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260413041629/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2026/Mar/03/abarnathis-vengeance-gets-a-release-date |archive-date=13 April 2026 |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=26 February 2026 |title=Abarnathi-starrer Vengeance set for March release |url=https://newstodaynet.com/2026/02/26/abarnathi-starrer-vengeance-set-for-march-release/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260411111219/https://newstodaynet.com/2026/02/26/abarnathi-starrer-vengeance-set-for-march-release/ |archive-date=11 April 2026 |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=[[News Today]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Plot ==<br />
{{No plot|date=May 2026}}<br />
== Cast ==<br />
{{Cast listing|<br />
* [[Abarnathi]] as Veni<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=17 March 2026 |title=Abarnathi: Irugapatru made me a household name |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2026/Mar/17/tamilinterviews2026mar15abarnathi-irugapatru-made-me-a-household-name |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260419054734/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2026/Mar/17/tamilinterviews2026mar15abarnathi-irugapatru-made-me-a-household-name |archive-date=19 April 2026 |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=[[The New Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
* [[Ilavarasu]] as [[Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu|CM]] Velu<br />
* [[John Vijay]] as Madhav<br />
* [[J. Livingston]]<br />
* [[Y. G. Mahendran]]<br />
* [[Kaali Venkat]] as Veni's foster father<br />
* [[Saravana Subbiah]]<br />
* Suresh Chakravarthi<br />
* [[T. M. Karthik]]<br />
* [[Sridhar (choreographer)|Sridhar]] (special appearance in the song "Thannila Kandam")<ref name="Song">{{Cite web |date=19 February 2026 |title='Thannila Kandam' from Vengeance is a groovy celebratory number |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2026/Feb/19/thannila-kandam-from-vengeance-is-a-groovy-celebratory-number |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260409001710/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2026/Feb/19/thannila-kandam-from-vengeance-is-a-groovy-celebratory-number |archive-date=9 April 2026 |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
''Vengeance'' is the directorial debut of Rahul Ashok and took around five years to write.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=1 March 2026 |title=Rahul Ashok: Vengeance makes a relevant political commentary |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/interviews/2026/Mar/01/rahul-ashok-vengeance-makes-a-relevant-political-commentary |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260311220451/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/interviews/2026/Mar/01/rahul-ashok-vengeance-makes-a-relevant-political-commentary |archive-date=11 March 2026 |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref> Abarnathi was announced as the lead actress in January 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=29 January 2025 |title=Abarnathi to lead Rahul Ashok's Vengeance |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Jan/29/abarnathi-to-lead-rahul-ashoks-vengeance |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250207103945/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Jan/29/abarnathi-to-lead-rahul-ashoks-vengeance |archive-date=7 February 2025 |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref> The film was photographed by M. S. Prabhu and edited by Imran.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 March 2026 |title=Vengeance trailer: Veni's straightforward acts of governance attract enemies |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2026/Mar/01/vengeance-trailer-venis-straightforward-acts-of-governance-attract-enemies |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260424132733/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2026/Mar/01/vengeance-trailer-venis-straightforward-acts-of-governance-attract-enemies |archive-date=24 April 2026 |access-date=26 March 2026 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Soundtrack ==<br />
The songs are composed by [[Karthik Raja]].<ref name="Song" /><br />
<br />
{{Track listing<br />
| headline = Track listing<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| title1 = Thannila Kandam<br />
| lyrics1 = Sukin Thamizhnithi<br />
| extra1 = Diwakar<br />
| length1 = 4:24<br />
| total_length = 4:24<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Reception ==<br />
Abhinav Subramanian of ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the film two out of five stars and wrote, "Abarnathi is the one reason this doesn't completely fall apart. There's a cold composure she brings to the role that keeps suggesting a richer character than anything the screenplay bothers to put on paper".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramanian |first=Abhinav |date=14 March 2026 |title=Vengeance Movie Review: A film busy outsmarting nobody |url=https://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/vengeance/movie-review/129497797.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260408153546/https://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/vengeance/movie-review/129497797.cms |archive-date=8 April 2026 |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=[[The Times of India]] |language=en}}</ref> Theja Shree R of ''[[Cinema Express]]'' gave the film the same rating and wrote, "Ultimately, despite a strong woman-centric performance, the technical glitches and lack of logic make this a difficult watch".<ref>{{Cite web |last=R |first=Theja Shree |date=24 March 2026 |title=Vengeance Movie Review: A gripping portrait of political greed sabotaged by technical flaws |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2026/Mar/24/vengeance-movie-review-a-gripping-portrait-of-political-greed-sabotaged-by-technical-flaws |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260502022018/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2026/Mar/24/vengeance-movie-review-a-gripping-portrait-of-political-greed-sabotaged-by-technical-flaws |archive-date=2 May 2026 |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref> On the contrary, a critic from ''[[News Today]]'' wrote, "Overall, ''Vengeance'' stands out for its bold concept and engaging storytelling. By combining political intrigue with a psychological exploration of fame and ambition, the film offers a refreshing and thought-provoking cinematic experience".<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 March 2026 |title=Vengeance&nbsp;– Review |url=https://newstodaynet.com/2026/03/13/vengeance-review/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260410201038/https://newstodaynet.com/2026/03/13/vengeance-review/ |archive-date=10 April 2026 |access-date=1 April 2026 |website=[[News Today]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
*{{IMDb title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2020s political drama films]]<br />
[[Category:2026 directorial debut films]]<br />
[[Category:2026 films]]<br />
[[Category:2026 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:2026 Tamil-language films]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by Karthik Raja]]<br />
[[Category:Films set in 2002]]<br />
[[Category:Indian films about revenge]]<br />
[[Category:Indian political drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language political drama films]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_College,_Bengaluru&diff=520821National College, Bengaluru2026-05-01T00:50:35Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Added initial stub w/ refs</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Educational institutions in Bangalore, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}<br />
<br />
'''National College, Bengaluru''' is the name given to two sister institutions in [[Bengaluru]], India: the National College Basavanagudi, founded in 1919, and the National College, Jayanagar, founded in 1965. Other related institutions, also called National College, are located in Bagepalli (Chikkaballapur District) and Gowribidanur. These institutions are managed by the National Education Society of Karnataka (NES).<br />
<br />
==National College (autonomous) Basavanagudi==<br />
National College Basavanagudi is located in [[Basavanagudi]]. It was started in the year 1920. The college was founded by Sampath Giri Rao.<br />
<br />
Educationalist Dr. [[H. Narasimhaiah]] was the chairman of NES until his death. He also started the [[Bangalore Science Forum]] (BSF).<br />
<br />
==National College (autonomou), Jayanagar==<br />
The National College in [[Jayanagar, Bangalore|Jayanagar]] was started in 1965. It offers courses at both pre-university and degree levels in the arts and sciences including English, Kannada, Sanskrit, French, Hindi, physics, computer science, electronics, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, botany, and zoology.<br />
<br />
The college is known for following [[Gandhism|Gandhian]] principles and was founded by educationalist H. Narasimhiah, a Gandhian himself and [[Padma Bhushan]] recipient.<br />
<br />
The college has Dr. H.N. Kalakshetra on its premises who is linked with Bangalore Lalitha Kala Parishat. The college features the B.V. Jagadeesh Science Centre, a public institution open to anyone interested in science education, established with the hope that the younger generation will make the best use of it.<br />
<br />
==Notable alumni==<br />
Notable alumni of either of the two colleges include: <br />
* [[C. N. R. Rao]]<br />
* [[Kalya Jagannath Rao]]<br />
* [[Srikanth Sastry]]<br />
* [[Anil Kumble]]<br />
* [[Vishnuvardhan (actor)|Vishnuvardhan]]<br />
* [[Ramesh Aravind]]<br />
* [[Srinath (Kannada actor)|Srinath]]<br />
* [[Vinayak Joshi]]<br />
* [[Nicole Rodrigues-Larsen]]<br />
* [[EAS Prasanna]]<br />
* [[Pawan Kumar (director)|Pavan Kumar]]<br />
* [[A. S. Kiran Kumar|A.S Kiran Kumar]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Express News |date=2015-01-13 |title=A S Kiran Kumar Named ISRO Chairman |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2015/Jan/13/a-s-kiran-kumar-named-isro-chairman-704720.html |access-date=2026-03-15 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><br />
* [[Srinivas BV]]<br />
* BN Narayana – Makeup Nani, husband of [[Bhargavi Narayan]]<br />
* [[Divya Gokulnath]] – Entrepreneur and Co-Founder, Byjus<br />
* N.S. Srinivasa Murthy, Honorary Consul for The Socialist Republic Vietnam for Bengaluru (Karnataka).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sentinels |first=India |title=Vietnam appoints honorary consul in Bengaluru |url=https://www.indiasentinels.com/offbeat/vietnam-appoints-honorary-consul-in-bengaluru-5119 |access-date=2026-03-15 |website=www.indiasentinels.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[National High School, Basavanagudi]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://ncbgudi.com/ Official website] of the National College, Basavanagudi<br />
* [http://www.naacindia.org/Reports/The%20National%20College,%20Basavangudi,%20Bangalore,%20KA.doc Report on National College, Basavangudi] by [[National Assessment and Accreditation Council|NAAC]]: [http://www.naacindia.org/Colleges.asp?state=12 accredited "B+"]<br />
* [http://www.naacindia.org/Reports/The%20National%20College,%20Jayanagar,%20Bangalore,%20KA.doc Report on National College, Jayanagar] by [[National Assessment and Accreditation Council|NAAC]]: [http://www.naacindia.org/Colleges.asp?state=12 accredited "B"]<br />
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{{coord missing|Karnataka}}<br />
{{Education in Bangalore}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Colleges in Bengaluru]]<br />
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1919]]<br />
[[Category:1919 establishments in India]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=P._Lankesh&diff=523384P. Lankesh2026-04-29T17:59:56Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian film director and writer (1935–2000)}}<br />
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| birth_name = Palyada Lankeshappa<br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1935|3|8}}<br />
| birth_place =Konagavalli, [[Shimoga]], [[Karnataka]], India<br />
| image = P.LankeshImg.jpg<br />
| notable_works = ''Kereya Nerannu Kerege Chelli'' (1960)<br /> ''Mussanjeya Katha Prasanga'' (1978)<br /> ''Kallu Karaguva Samaya'' (1990)<br />
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2000|1|25|1935|3|8}}<br />
| death_place = [[Bangalore]], Karnataka, India<br />
| occupation ={{hlist |[[Writer]]|[[film editor|editor]]|[[filmmaker]]|[[poet]]|[[playwright]]|[[teacher]]}}<br />
| spouse = Indira Lankesh<br />
| children = [[Gauri Lankesh]], [[Kavitha Lankesh]], [[Indrajit Lankesh]]<br />
| awards = [[National Film Award for Best Direction]]: 1976<br /> [[Sahitya Akademi Award]]: 1993<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Palya Lankesh''' (8 March 1935 – 25 January 2000) was an Indian poet, fiction writer, playwright, translator, screenplay writer and journalist who wrote in [[Kannada]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Khajane |first=Muralidhara |date=8 March 2015 |title=A journalist, poet, filmmaker and actor |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/a-journalist-poet-filmmaker-and-actor/article6970565.ece |access-date=21 February 2025 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He was also a film director.<br />
<br />
== Early life and education ==<br />
<br />
Lankesh was born in Konagavalli, Shimoga, Karnataka. After graduating with a degree in English from Central College in Bengaluru, Lankesh completed a Master of Arts degree in English at Maharaja's College, Mysore.<br />
<br />
== Work ==<br />
His 1976 film ''[[Pallavi (1976 film)|Pallavi]]'', a cinematic narration, told from the female protagonist's point of view and based on his novel ''Biruku'', won the National Award for Best Direction (Swarna Kamal).<ref>{{cite news|title=Elitist double standards?|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/films/story/19770915-1976-national-film-awards-mrinal-sens-mrigaya-selected-for-golden-lotus-award-823873-2014-08-30|access-date=3 December 2017|work=India Today|date=15 September 1977}}</ref> Lankesh quit his job as an assistant professor in English at [[Bangalore University]] in 1980 and started Lankesh Patrike, the first Kannada tabloid, which influenced Kannada culture and politics.<ref>''Manake Karanjiya Sparsha''. Compiled by Gauri Lankesh. Lankesh Prakashana.Bengaluru(2010) page i</ref><br />
<br />
Lankesh's first work was the collection of short stories ''Kereya Neeranu Kerege Chelli'' (1963). His other works include the novels ''Biruku'' ("The Fissure"), ''Mussanjeya Kathaprasanga'' (A Story at Dusk), ''Akka'' (Sister); the plays ''T. Prasannana Grihastashrama'' ("The Householder-hood of T.Prasanna"),<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dutta|first1=Amaresh|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature, Volume 2|date=1988|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=9788126011940|page=1244|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zB4n3MVozbUC&q=P%20Lankesh%20death&pg=PA1244|access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> ''Sankranti'' ("Revolution"),<ref>{{cite news|title=Lankesh's works hailed|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/lankeshs-works-hailed/article3121932.ece|access-date=7 December 2017|work=The Hindu|date=20 June 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Lasting innovations|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/lasting-innovations/article3198559.ece|access-date=7 December 2017|work=The Hindu|date=26 August 2006}}</ref> Nanna Tangigondu Gandu Kodi ("A Groom for my Sister")<ref>{{cite news|title=Found in Translation|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/found-in-translation/article3202344.ece|access-date=7 December 2017|work=The Hindu|date=4 November 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Theatre festival|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/theatre-festival/article3201570.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=7 December 2017|date=21 October 2006}}</ref> and ''Gunamukha'' ("Convalescence"); the short story collections, ''Umapatiya Scholarship Yatre'' ("Umapati's Scholarship Trip"), ''Kallu Karaguva Samaya'' (When the Stone Melts; winner of the 1993 Sahitya Akademi Award), ''Paapada Hoogalu'', the translation of [[Charles Baudelaire]]'s ''[[Les Fleurs du Mal]]'' and ''Dore Oedipus mattu Antigone'', translation of Sophocles' ''[[Antigone (Sophocles)|Antigone]]'' and ''[[Oedipus Rex]]''.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Mahadevan-Dasgupta|first1=Uma|title=Moments of epiphany|url=http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2005/01/30/stories/2005013000380400.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20171202155756/http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2005/01/30/stories/2005013000380400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 December 2017|access-date=7 December 2017|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=30 January 2005}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Lankesh Patrike ==<br />
Lankesh was the Editor of ''[[Lankesh Patrike]]'' from 1980 until his death in 2000.<ref>{{cite news|last1=S|first1=Bageshree|title=Indomitable spirit|url=http://www.frontline.in/cover-story/indomitable-spirit/article9855087.ece|access-date=7 December 2017|work=Frontline|publisher=The Hindu Group|date=29 September 2017}}</ref> A socialist and [[Ram Manohar Lohia|Lohia]]ite, he was known for his secular, anti-caste and anti-[[Hindutva]] views.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kondajji|first1=Mohan Kumar|title=Remembering Lankesh, Gauri, and 'Lankesh Patrike'|url=http://www.bfirst.in/lankesh-patrike/gaurilankesh/iamgauri/lankesh-gauri-lankesh-patrike-370752|access-date=7 December 2017|work=bfirst.in|date=24 September 2017|archive-date=7 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207140846/http://www.bfirst.in/lankesh-patrike/gaurilankesh/iamgauri/lankesh-gauri-lankesh-patrike-370752|url-status=dead}}</ref> Before starting Lankesh Patrike, he and friends [[Poorna Chandra Tejaswi|Tejaswi]] and K.Ramadas had toured the length and breadth of Karnataka, mobilising people to vote for their new socialist party Karnataka Pragatiranga Vedike<ref>{{cite book|title=Short History of Young Socialist League|publisher=Lohia Today|pages=28–29|url=http://lohiatoday.com/SocialistMovement/SHYSL.pdf|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=12 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160912191545/http://lohiatoday.com/SocialistMovement/SHYSL.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> This trip, he recounted in one of his editorials, which took him to the remotest parts of Karnataka opened his eyes to the plight of the poor, the Dalits and the Muslims and made him realise his responsibility as a writer and an intellectual towards the society.<ref>{{cite news|title=K. Ramadas passes away|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/K.-Ramadas-passes-away/article14780056.ece|access-date=7 December 2017|work=THe Hindu|date=20 June 2007}}</ref> <br />
<br /><br />
Lankesh Patrike was significant that It had no Advertisements.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/the-economics-of-a-tabloid/articleshow/60398433.cms | title=Lankesh Patrike and the Economics of an ad-free tabloid }}</ref> Outsourcing the printing to BS Mani of [[Sanjevani]] Kannada Daily, his unique thought was His Weekly Magazine must cost as much One Idli, One Vade & One Coffee. Lankesh built a new crop of reporters, writers and freelancers, many of whom would go to set-up their own magazines.<br />
<br />
After his death Lankesh Patrike was split into two, one edited by his daughter Gauri Lankesh and the other managed by his son Indrajit Lankesh.<ref>{{cite news|title='Lankesh Patrike' family splits|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Lankesh-Patrike-family-splits/articleshow/1022189.cms|access-date=7 December 2017|work=Times of India|date=15 February 2005}}</ref> Lankesh's other daughter is the film director Kavita Lankesh.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Rawat|first1=Vidya Bhushan|title=Murder of Gauri Lankesh: An Attack on Media or Ideology?|url=http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article7482.html|access-date=7 December 2017|work=Mainstream Weekly|date=23 September 2017}}</ref><br />
''Lankesh Patrike'', as the first Kannada tabloid, had a huge impact on Karnataka politics and culture. It led to the setting up of other tabloids like ''[[Hai Bangalore]]'' and ''Agni'' which concentrated more on crime and political scandals.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Ajjampura|first1=Manjunatha|title=ಪಿ ಲಂಕೇಶ್ ಎಂಬ ಹೆಸರೇ ವಿಸ್ಮಯ [The Name Lankesh Itself is a Marvel]|url=https://kannada.oneindia.com/literature/people/2010/0125-p-lankesh-10th-death-annivarsary-tributes.html|website=Kannada, One India.Com|access-date=7 December 2017|date=25 January 2010}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Death ==<br />
Lankesh died of a heart attack on 25 January 2000, aged 64.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sabharwal|first1=Gopa|title=India Since 1947: The Independent Years|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D9gvCgAAQBAJ&q=Kannada+writer+P+Lankesh+passes+away&pg=PT351|publisher=Penguin UK|access-date=7 December 2017|isbn=9789352140893|date=29 August 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
17 years later, his daughter [[Gauri Lankesh]] was murdered in front of her residence in south Bengaluru as she arrived home by three unidentified gunmen. No motive has been found.<br />
<br />
==Awards==<br />
<br />
* National Award for Best Direction for [[Pallavi (1976 film)|Pallavi]]. (1976)<br />
<br />
* Sahitya Akademi Award for ''Kallu Karaguva Samaya Mattu Ithara Kathegalu'' (1993).<br />
<br />
* Karnataka Sahitya Akademi Honorary Award (1986).<br />
<br />
* B.H. Shridhara Prashasti.<br />
<br />
* Karnataka Rajya Nataka Akademi Prashasti.<br />
<br />
* Aryabhata Sahitya Prashasti.<br />
<br />
*[[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Kannada]] for [[Ellindalo Bandavaru]] - 1980<br />
<br />
== Bibliography ==<br />
<br />
Only two of his books are available in English translation, ''When Stone Melts and Other Stories'' (translation of ''Kallu Karaguva Samaya'') <ref>{{cite book|title=When the Stone Melts and Other Stories|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=13BkAAAAMAAJ&q=P+Lankesh+books|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|access-date=7 December 2017|date = January 2004| isbn=9788126011384 }}</ref> and ''Sankranti''.<ref>{{cite web|title=P Lankesh Profile|url=http://www.museindia.com/Museindia/ViewAUTAuthorsProfile|website=Muse India|access-date=7 December 2017}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> His works have also been translated into [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Hindi]].<br />
<br />
===Collection of short stories===<br />
<br />
* ''Kereya Nirannu Kerege Chelli Mattu Ithara Kathegalu'' (1963).<br />
<br />
* ''Nanalla Mattu Ithara Kathegalu'' (1970).<br />
<br />
* ''Umapathiya Scholarship Yatre Mattu Ithara Kathegalu'' (1973).<br />
<br />
* ''Kallu Karaguva Samaya Mattu Ithara Kathegalu'' (1990) (Sahitya Akademi Award for 1993).<br />
<br />
* ''Ullanghane Mattu Ithara Kathegalu" (1996).''<br />
<br />
* ''Manju Kavida Sanje Mattu Ithara Kathegalu'' (2001).<br />
<br />
===Novels===<br />
* ''Biruku'' (1967).<br />
* ''Mussanjeya Katha Prasanga'' (1978).<br />
* ''Akka'' (1991).<br />
<br />
===Plays===<br />
* ''T. Prasannana Gruhasthashrama'' (1962).<br />
* ''Nanna Thangigondu Gandu Kodi'' (1963).<br />
* ''ಪೊಲೀಸರಿದ್ದಾರೆ, Eccharike!'' (1964).<br />
* ''Teregalu'' (1964).<br />
* ''Kranti Banthu, Karanti'' (1965).<br />
* ''Giliyu Panjaradolilla'' (1966).<br />
* ''Siddhate'' (1970).<br />
* ''Biruku'' (1973).<br />
* ''Sankranti'' (1971).<br />
* ''Gunamukha'' (1993).<br />
<br />
===Translated plays===<br />
* ''ದೊರೆ Oedipus'' (''[[Oedipus Rex]]'') (1971).<br />
* ''Anthigone'' (1971).<br />
<br />
===Collection of poems===<br />
<br />
* ''Bichchu'' (1965).<br />
<br />
* ''Talemaaru'' (1973).<br />
<br />
* ''Akshara Hosa Kavya'' (Collected and Edited) (1970).<br />
<br />
* ''Paapada Hoogalu'' (1974) (a translation of Charles Baudelaire's ''[[Les Fleurs du Mal]]'').<br />
<br />
* ''Chitra Samooha'' (1999) [Collection of Complete Poems].<br />
* "Avva" [Mother]<br />
<br />
===Autobiography===<br />
* ''Hulimavina Mara'' (1997).<br />
<br />
===Critical and other essay collections===<br />
* ''Prasthutha'' (1970).<br />
* ''Kandaddu Kanda Haage'' (1975).<br />
* ''Teeke-Tippani'', volumes 1 and 2 (1997).<br />
* ''Teeke-Tippani'', volume 3 (1998).<br />
<br />
===Posthumous publications===<br />
* ''Neela Kavya'' (vols 1, 2, and 3) (2007, 2009, 2010).<br />
* ''Sahiti Sahitya Vimarshe'' (2008).<br />
* ''Mareyuva munna collected vol 1'' (2009).<br />
* ''Mareyuva munna collected vol 2'' (2010).<br />
* "Bittu Hoda Putagalu - 1".<br />
* "Bittu Hoda Putagalu - 2".<br />
* "Bittu Hoda Putagalu - 3".<br />
<br />
== Filmography ==<br />
* ''[[Pallavi (1976 film)|Pallavi]]'' ([[National Film Award for Best Direction]], 1976).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0234415/|website=IMDb|access-date=3 December 2017|title=Pallavi}}</ref><br />
* ''Anuroopa'' (1978).<br />
* ''[[Khandavideko Mamsavideko|Khandavide Ko Maamsavide Ko]]'' (1979).<br />
* ''[[Ellindalo Bandavaru]]'' (1980).<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{cite web|title=P. Lankesh Bio|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0486897/bio|website=IMDb|access-date=7 December 2017}}<br />
* {{cite web|title=ಪಿ.ಲಂಕೇಶ್ ೧೯೩೫-೨೦೦೦|url=http://kanaja.in/?p=9668|website=Kanaja.in|publisher=Kanaja: Antarjaala Kannada Jnanakosha|access-date=7 December 2017}}<br />
* [http://www.anukriti.net/shortstories/SSNew/S11.html A Girl Called Stella], short story translated by [[B. C. Ramchandra Sharma|B.C. Ramchandra Sharma]]. <br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140316182541/http://www.museindia.com/viewarticle.asp?myr=2006&issid=10&id=499 A Door – a short story by Lankesh]<br />
* [http://kanaja.in/?p=9668 P. Lankesh Bio in Kannada]. Kanaja.in<br />
* [https://sites.google.com/site/kavanasangraha/Home/pi-lankes/nilu Neelu Kavya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020093432/https://sites.google.com/site/kavanasangraha/Home/pi-lankes/nilu |date=20 October 2020 }} (in Kannada)<br />
<br />
{{National Film Award Best Direction}}<br />
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{{Authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Lankesh, P.}}<br />
[[Category:1935 births]]<br />
[[Category:2000 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Best Director National Film Award winners]]<br />
[[Category:Film directors from Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:Indian socialists]]<br />
[[Category:Kannada people]]<br />
[[Category:Kannada-language writers]]<br />
[[Category:People from Shimoga district]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Kannada]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian short story writers]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian translators]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian essayists]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Bengaluru]]<br />
[[Category:Dramatists and playwrights from Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:Novelists from Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:Poets from Karnataka]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mangaluru_City_Corporation&diff=481444Mangaluru City Corporation2026-04-26T16:25:22Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: New Place - done</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Local civic body in Mangaluru, Karnataka, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox organization<br />
| name = Mangaluru City Corporation<br />
| logo = Kodiyal Corporation logo.gif<br />
| logo_size = 150px<br />
| logo_caption = Old logo of the Mangaluru City Corporation<br />
| map = <br />
| map_size = 150px<br />
| formation = 1865<br />
| type = Municipal Corporation<br />
| headquarters = Mangaluru<br />
| num_members = <br />
| language = [[Kannada]], [[English language|English]]<br />
| leader_title = [[Mayor]]<br />
| leader_name = Manoj Kumar ([[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]])<ref name="mn">{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/bjps-manoj-kumar-and-ps-bhanumathi-elected-new-mayor-and-deputy-mayor-of-mangaluru/article68659015.ece |title=BJP's Manoj Kumar and P.S. Bhanumathi elected new Mayor and Deputy Mayor of Mangaluru |newspaper=The Hindu |date=19 September 2024 }}</ref><br />
| leader_title2 = Deputy mayor<br />
| leader_name2 = P.S. Bhanumathi ([[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]])<ref name="mn"> </ref><br />
| key_people = <br />
| budget = <br />
| website = [http://www.mangalurucity.mrc.gov.in/en Mangaluru City Corporation]<br />
| native_name = ಮಂಗಳೂರು ಮಹಾನಗರ ಪಾಲಿಕೆ<hr/>{{small|''Maṅgaḷūru Mahānagara Pālike''}}<br />
| native_name_lang = kn<br />
| image = Mcc.JPG<br />
| image_size = 300px<br />
| caption = MCC Head Office, [[Mahatma Gandhi Road (Mangalore)|M.G.Road]], [[Lalbagh, Mangalore|Lalbagh]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Mangaluru City Corporation''' is the [[municipal corporation]] responsible for overseeing the [[local administration]] of the [[India]]n city of [[Mangaluru]] and it's [[suburbs]], which are a major [[urban area]] and the most important [[port city]] of [[Carnataca|Karnataka]] state. The mechanism of municipal corporation was introduced in [[British India]], with formation of the municipal corporation in [[Madras (Chennai)]] in 1688, followed by municipal corporations in [[Bombay (Mumbai)]] and [[Calcutta (Kolkata)]] in 1762.<ref name="May ref5">{{cite news |last1=Gupta |first1=Anupam |title=City Mayors: Indian Mayors |url=http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/indian-mayors.html |access-date=29 October 2021 |publisher=citymayors.com}}</ref> It consists of a legislative and an executive body. The [[legislative body]] is headed by the [[Mayor]], while the [[executive body]] is headed by a [[Chief Commissioner]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
The council started its functions with 7 members who were then district officers. Most of them were [[Europeans]]. The Vice-President was the administrative officer. The income of the municipality was about Rs. 15,000. The population and the area of the town in the year 1866 were about 28,000 and one square mile respectively. In the year 1871, the population of the town was 29,712; and there were 6,619 houses out of which 4,341 were attached. A dispensary was started for the first time in 1868 at the site of the Lady Goschen Hospital. Subsequently a series of legislations under the Madras Presidency resulted in the gradual empowerment of the local administration and facilitated many welfare activities.<br />
<br />
Following the re-organization of States, the ''Mysore Municipalities Act'' 1964 came into force as a uniform act throughout the state on 1 April 1965, replacing the ''Madras District Municipalities Act'' of 1920. The provisions of this act gave a new phase to the municipality and it became a city Municipality. Ample opportunities were made in the Act to raise the income and also to carry out some of the obligatory functions.<br />
<br />
[[File:Town_Hall_014.jpg|thumb|right|The Town Hall of Mangalore|304x304px]]<br />
Mangaluru City Corporation (MCC) came into existence during 3 July 1980,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/smart-city-project-to-restore-century-old-mangaluru-municipality-building/articleshow/62800344.cms|title=Smart City project to restore Century-old Mangaluru municipality building|date=6 February 2018|accessdate=28 December 2019|work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> which was formerly a Municipality and was expanded during 1996–97 by including Surathkal Town Municipality, Katipalla Notified area, [[Panambur|Panamboor]], Baikampady, Kulai, Hosabettu villages. Further during April 2002, it was further extended to include Bajal, Kannuru, Kudupu and Thiruvail Panchayath limits into Mangalore City Corporation.<br />
<br />
In the first election, the Congress came to power. Sadashiva Bhandary was the first Mayor of Mangaluru. Followed by B Abdul Khader Haji who served from 1984-1985 and was the first mayor coming from a minority community. Additionally Younis Britto was the first female Mayor of Mangaluru serving from 1993-1994 Congress was in power in 1990, 2002 and in 2013. There was administrator’s rule from 1995 to 1997. In 1997, neither the BJP nor the Congress could gain a majority, with the Congress winning 30 seats, the BJP 24 and the JD(S) 6 seats. The Congress – JD(S) coalition were in power in the Corporation.<br />
<br />
The BJP won a majority in 2007 with 35 seats while the Congress got 20 seats. In spite of getting majority, owing to a faux pas by the BJP candidate Roopa Bangera, Congress corporator Gulzar Banu was elected mayor in the final tenure during the BJP’s term in 2012-13.<br />
<br />
The election to the previous term of the MCC council was held on March 7, 2013, but the mayor was elected only in March 2014. A writ petition, filed by a corporator, challenging the reservation a roster notification of the government of August 2013, the high court stayed the notification and directed the government to reserve the post of mayor to a general category candidate and the deputy mayor’s post to a woman candidate of general category.<br />
<br />
Mangaluru City Corporation presided by a mayor. Mangalore City Corporation currently has a population of more than 600,000&nbsp;and area of 170&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and there is proposal to increase that to 304&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> by including Mulky in the north and Ullal in the south. It is divided into 60&nbsp;wards, each represented by a corporator. Elections to the corporation are held every five years and subsequently a mayor and a deputy mayor are elected for a term of one year. It comes under portion of two Lokasabha Constituencies, four Legislative assembly constituencies and one legislative council constituency.<br />
<br />
The city corporation is now housed in its own premises located at M. G. Road, Lalbagh, Mangalore. Since its up-gradation as a city corporation, the civic body has spearheaded several developmental activities in the city and it has been adjudged as one of the best corporations in the state for 3 years continuously.<br />
<br />
Mangaluru City Corporation (MCC) belongs to [[Mangalore City South]] and [[Mangalore City North]] constituencies in [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]] and [[Dakshina Kannada (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dakshina Kannada - Lok Sabha constituency]].<br />
<br />
== Functions ==<br />
MangaluruMangaluru City Corporation is created for the following functions:<ref name="Ma9">{{cite news |title=Municipal Corporation - Functions, Roles, Members Qualification and Term |url=https://www.elections.in/government/municipal-corporation-in-india.html |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=www.elections.in}}</ref><ref name="Ma10">{{cite news |title=Good municipal governance key to improve quality of life {{!}} Pune News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/good-municipal-governance-key-to-improve-quality-of-life/articleshow/57320746.cms |access-date=18 May 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=24 February 2017 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
* Planning for the town including its surroundings which are covered under its Department's Urban Planning Authority.<br />
* Approving construction of new buildings and authorising use of land for various purposes.<br />
* Improvement of the town's economic and Social status.<br />
* Arrangements of water supply towards commercial,residential and industrial purposes.<br />
* Planning for fire contingencies through Fire Service Departments.<br />
* Creation of solid waste management,public health system and sanitary services.<br />
* Working for the development of ecological aspect like development of Urban Forestry and making guidelines for environmental protection.<br />
* Working for the development of weaker sections of the society like mentally and physically handicapped,old age and gender biased people.<br />
* Making efforts for improvement of slums and poverty removal in the town.<br />
<br />
== Revenue sources ==<br />
<br />
The following are the Income sources for the Corporation from the Central and State Government.<ref name="Ma11">{{cite news |last1=Jadhav |first1=Radheshyam |title=Why civic bodies in India need municipal bonds |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/why-civic-bodies-in-india-need-municipal-bonds/article33237962.ece |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=www.thehindubusinessline.com |date=3 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Ma12">{{cite news |title=Municipal corporations under severe strain as revenues sink: RBI Report |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/economy/story/municipal-corporations-under-severe-strain-as-revenues-sink-rbi-report-314215-2021-12-02 |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=Business Today |date=2 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Ma13">{{cite news |title=If cities are to deliver better quality life, need to have business models which are sustainable |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/if-cities-are-to-deliver-better-quality-life-need-to-have-business-models-which-are-sustainable/642276/ |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=Financialexpress |date=17 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Revenue from taxes ===<br />
Following is the Tax related revenue for the corporation.<br />
<br />
* [[Property tax]].<br />
* [[Professional Tax|Profession tax.]]<br />
* [[Entertainment tax]].<br />
* Grants from Central and State Government like [[Goods and Services Tax (India)|Goods and Services Tax]].<br />
* Advertisement tax.<br />
<br />
=== Revenue from non-tax sources ===<br />
<br />
Following is the Non Tax related revenue for the corporation.<br />
<br />
* Water usage charges.<br />
* Fees from Documentation services.<br />
* Rent received from municipal property.<br />
* Funds from municipal bonds.<br />
<br />
=== Revenue from taxes ===<br />
Following is the Tax related revenue for the corporation.<br />
<br />
* Property tax.<br />
* Profession tax.<br />
* Entertainment tax.<br />
* Grants from Central and State Government like Goods and Services Tax.<br />
* Advertisement tax.<br />
<br />
=== Revenue from non-tax sources ===<br />
<br />
Following is the Non Tax related revenue for the corporation.<br />
<br />
* Water usage charges.<br />
* Fees from Documentation services.<br />
* Rent received from municipal property.<br />
* Funds from municipal bonds.<br />
<br />
==Corporation Elections 2019==<br />
[[File:India_Mangalore_City_Corporation_2023.svg|thumb]]<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!colspan="2"|Party<br />
!Seats<br />
|-<br />
| style="background-color:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |<br />
| '''[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP)'''<br />
| '''44'''<br />
|-<br />
| style="background-color:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |<br />
| [[Indian National Congress]] (INC)<br />
| 14<br />
|-<br />
| style="background-color:{{party color|Social Democratic Party of India}}" |<br />
|[[Social Democratic Party of India]] (SDPI)<br />
| 2<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2"|{{center|'''Total'''}}<br />
| '''60'''<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="3"|Source :<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mangaluru Corporation polls: BJP wins 44 seats, Cong 14|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/state/karnataka-districts/mangaluru-corporation-polls-bjp-wins-44-seats-cong-14-776155.html|date=2019-11-14|website=Deccan Herald|language=en|access-date=2020-05-11}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
== List of mayors ==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
!#<br />
!Name<br />
!Ward<br />
! colspan="3" |Term<br />
!Election<br />
! colspan="2" |Party<br />
|-<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2020-02-28 |title=BJP’s Diwakar Pandeshwar elected as Mangaluru Mayor; Janaki Vedavathi deputy mayor |url=https://www.udayavani.com/english-news/mcc-mayoral-election-bjps-diwakar-pandeshwar-elected-as-mayor-janaki-vedavathi-deputy-mayor |access-date= |website=Udayavani |language=}}</ref><br />
|Diwakar Pandeshwar<br />
|Cantonment<br />
|28 February 2020<br />
|28 February 2021<br />
|{{Age in years and days|28 February 2020|28 February 2021}}<br />
| rowspan="5" |2019<br />
| rowspan="5" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<br />
| rowspan="5" style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |<br />
|-<br />
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-03-02 |title=BJP's Premanand Shetty elected mayor of Mangaluru |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/bjps-premanand-shetty-elected-mayor-of-mangaluru/articleshow/81293569.cms |access-date= |work=The Times of India |issn=}}</ref><br />
|Premanand Shetty<br />
|Mangaladevi<br />
|2 March 2021<br />
|8 September 2022<br />
|{{Age in years and days|2 March 2021|8 September 2022}}<br />
|-<br />
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-09-09 |title=BJP's Jayanand Anchan is elected mayor of Mangaluru |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/bjps-jayanand-anchan-is-elected-mayor-of-mangaluru/articleshow/94094513.cms |access-date= |work=The Times of India |issn=}}</ref><br />
|Jayanand Anchan<br />
|Kadri Padavu<br />
|9 September 2022<br />
|8 September 2023<br />
|{{Age in years and days|9 September 2022|8 September 2023}}<br />
|-<br />
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-08 |title=Sudheer Shetty Kannur elected Mangaluru mayor, Sunitha his deputy |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/sudheer-shetty-kannur-elected-mangaluru-mayor-sunitha-his-deputy/articleshow/103508694.cms |access-date= |work=The Times of India |issn=}}</ref><br />
|Sudheer Shetty<br />
|Kodialbail<br />
|8 September 2023<br />
|18 September 2024<br />
|{{Age in years and days|8 September 2023|18 September 2024}}<br />
|-<br />
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-09-18 |title=Manoj Kumar set to be new mayor |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/manoj-kumar-set-to-be-new-mayor/articleshow/113466167.cms |access-date= |work=The Times of India |issn=}}</ref><br />
|Manoj Kumar<br />
|Derebail North<br />
|19 September 2024<br />
|27 February 2025<br />
|{{Age in years and days|19 September 2024|27 February 2025}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Wards under the MCC ==<br />
There are 60 wards administered by the Mangalore City Corporation.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://megamedianews.com/index.php/208948/bharatiya-janata-party-released-60-wards-final-list-for-mangalore-city-corporation-election/ |title=Bharatiya Janata Party released 60 wards final list for Mangalore City Corporation election |newspaper=Megamedia News |archive-date=2 March 2020 |access-date=2 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302053614/https://megamedianews.com/index.php/208948/bharatiya-janata-party-released-60-wards-final-list-for-mangalore-city-corporation-election/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> They are<br />
# [[Surathkal]] (West)<br />
# Surathkal (East)<br />
# [[Katipalla]] (East)<br />
# Katipalla-Krishnapura<br />
# Katipalla (North)<br />
# Iddya (East)<br />
# Iddya (West)<br />
# [[Hosabettu]]<br />
# [[Kulai (Suratkal)]]<br />
# [[Baikampady]]<br />
# [[Panambur]]<br />
# Panjimogaru<br />
# Kunjathbail (North)<br />
# Marakada<br />
# Kunjathbail (South)<br />
# Bangrakulur<br />
# [[Derebail]] (North)<br />
# [[Kavoor, Mangalore|Kavoor]]<br />
# Pachanady<br />
# Tiruvail<br />
# Padavu (West)<br />
# Kadri Padavu<br />
# Derebail (East)<br />
# Derebail (South)<br />
# Derebail (West)<br />
# Derebail (South-west)<br />
# Boloor<br />
# Mannagudda<br />
# Kambla<br />
# [[Kodialbail]]<br />
# [[Bejai]]<br />
# [[Kadri, Mangalore|Kadri]] (North)<br />
# Kadri (South)<br />
# Shivabagh<br />
# Padavu (Central)<br />
# Padavu (East)<br />
# Maroli<br />
# Bendoor<br />
# [[Falnir]]<br />
# Court<br />
# Central Market<br />
# Dongerkery<br />
# [[Kudroli]]<br />
# Bunder<br />
# Port<br />
# Cantonment<br />
# [[Milagres Church (Mangalore)|Milagres]]<br />
# Kankanady-Valencia<br />
# [[Kankanady]]<br />
# Alape (South)<br />
# Alape (North)<br />
# [[Kannur, Dakshina Kannada|Kannur]]<br />
# Bajal<br />
# Jeppinamogaru<br />
# [[Attavar]]<br />
# [[Mangaladevi Temple|Mangaladevi]]<br />
# [[Hoige Bazaar]]<br />
# [[Bolar, Mangalore|Bolar]]<br />
# [[Jeppu]]<br />
# Bengre<br />
<br />
== Notable people ==<br />
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> <br />
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---><br />
*[[Rajani Duganna]], politician and former mayor<br />
*[[Gulzar Banu]], politician and former mayor<br />
*[[Praveen Kumar (Mangalore politician)]], politician and former mayor<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.mangalurucity.mrc.gov.in/ Mangalore City Corporation Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803201934/http://www.mangalurucity.mrc.gov.in/ |date=3 August 2020 }}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Municipal corporations in Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:1865 establishments in British India]]<br />
[[Category:Government of Mangalore]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andhela_Ravamidhi&diff=486452Andhela Ravamidhi2026-04-24T21:35:30Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: put up entry.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|2025 Indian Telugu film}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| image = Andhela Ravamidhi.jpeg<br />
| caption = Release poster<br />
| director = Indrani Davaluri<br>SaiRam Palley<br />
| writer = <br />
| screenplay = <br />
| story = Venu Nakshathram<br />
| producer = Indrani Davaluri<br />
| starring = {{plain list|<br />
*Indrani Davaluri<br />
*Vikram Kolluru<br />
*[[Tanikella Bharani]]<br />
*[[Adithya Menon]]<br />
*[[Jayalalita]]<br />
}}<br />
| cinematography = Harsh Mahadeshwar<br>S.k Bhupathy <br />
| editing = Avula Venkatesh<br />
| music = Karthik Kodakandla<br />
| studio = Natyamargam Productions<br />
| distributor = <br />
| released = {{Film date|2025|10|11|df=y}}<br />
| runtime = 141 minutes<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cbfcindia.gov.in/cbfcAdmin/search-result.php?recid=Q0EwNzIyMDkyMDI1MDAwNjY=|title=CBFC - Andhela Ravamidhi Film|website=cbfcindia.gov.in}}</ref><br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Telugu<br />
| budget = <br />
| gross = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Andhela Ravamidhi''''' is a 2025 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[Musical drama film]] directed by Indrani Davaluri and SaiRam Palley. Produced by Indrani Davaluri under Natyamargam Productions. It stars Indrani Davaluri, Vikram Kolluru, [[Tanikella Bharani]], [[Adithya Menon]], [[Jayalalita]] in lead roles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sakshi.com/telugu-news/movies/andhela-ravamidhi-movie-teaser-launch-2373501|title=భరతనాట్యం నేపథ్యంలో... &#124; Andhela Ravamidhi movie Teaser Launch &#124; Sakshi|website=www.sakshi.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mail.teluguvox.com/movies/movie-news/9784-harish-shankar-launches-teaser-of-award-winning-film-andela-ravamidhi.html|title=Harish Shankar Launches Teaser of Award-Winning Film "Andela Ravamidhi"|date=22 February 2025|website=mail.teluguvox.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ntnews.com/cinema/andela-ravamidhi-movie-teaser-launch-harish-shankar-1894361|title=భరతనాట్యం నేపథ్యంలో అందెల రవమిది|first=NT News|last=telugu|date=23 February 2025|website=www.ntnews.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
The film was released on 11 October 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/andhela-ravamidhi/ET00462807?utm_source=FBLIKE&fbrefresh=1|title=Andhela Ravamidhi (2025) - Movie &#124; Reviews, Cast & Release Date|website=BookMyShow}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
Pavani, a gifted Indian [[Classical Dancer|classical dancer]], leads a seemingly perfect life with her husband Ramesh, an American-based entrepreneur. Their marriage, built on love and mutual respect, begins to fracture when Ramesh's traditional values clash with Pavani's artistic aspirations. Struggling to balance her identity as a performer and a wife, Pavani finds herself torn between societal expectations and her own dreams. As the couple faces the emotional turmoil of infertility, Pavani embarks on a journey of self-realization that challenges the conventions of marriage, ambition, and womanhood. Through heartbreak and resilience, she learns to reclaim her voice and redefine what happiness truly means.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
*Indrani Davaluri as Pavani Battiprolu<br />
*Vikram Kolluru<br />
*[[Tanikella Bharani]] as Viswanadham<br />
*[[Adithya Menon]] as Bharadwaj<br />
*[[Jayalalita]] as Jayamma<br />
*Aadi Lokesh<br />
*Idpl Nirmala<br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
On 22 February 2025, the teaser of the film was launched by director [[Harish Shankar]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ap7am.com/pn/11066/andela-ravamidhi-movie-teaser-released-by-director-harish-shankar|title="Andela Ravamidhi" movie teaser released by director Harish Shankar|date=22 February 2025|website=ap7am.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telugutimes.net/en/cinemas/cinema-news/andela-ravamidhi-movie-teaser-released-by-renowned-director-harish-shankar-312085.html|title="Andela Ravamidhi" movie teaser released by renowned director Harish Shankar|date=22 February 2025}}</ref> The film trailer was released on 4 September 2025 and pre-release event of the film was held on 12 September 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sakshi.com/photos/movies/andela-ravamidi-movie-pre-release-event-held-photos-2563653|title='అందెల రవమిది' చిత్రం ఫ్రీ రిలీజ్ ఈవెంట్ (ఫొటోలు) &#124; Andela Ravamidi Movie Pre Release Event Highlights Photos Goes Viral On Social Media &#124; Sakshi|website=www.sakshi.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/regional/telugu/andhela-ravamidhi-official-trailer/videoshow/123975977.cms|title=Andhela Ravamidhi - Official Trailer|website=The Times of India}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Music ==<br />
The music is composed by Karthik Kodakandla.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/andhela-ravamidhi/Mhsh,vpikV0_|title=Andhela Ravamidhi - All Songs - Download or Listen Free - JioSaavn|date=13 July 2025|via=www.jiosaavn.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{Track listing<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| total_length = <br />
| all_music = <br />
| title1 = Vecchanni Sureedocche<br />
| length1 = 4:44<br />
| lyrics1 = Raghukul Mokirala<br />
| extra1 = Anjana Sowmya<br>Karthik<br />
| title2 = Innaluga<br />
| length2 = 3:51<br />
| lyrics2 = Raghukul Mokirala<br />
| extra2 = Ashwini Chepuri<br>Sudheer<br />
| title3 = Adenamma<br />
| length3 = 3:14<br />
| lyrics3 = Puliyoor Dorai Swamy Iyer<br />
| extra3 = Harini Darbha<br />
| title4 = Darule Leni<br />
| length4 = 3:10<br />
| lyrics4 = Raghukula Mokirala<br />
| extra4 = Karthik kodakandla<br />
| title5 = Thillana<br />
| length5 = 5:02<br />
| lyrics5 = Maharaja Swathi Thirunal<br />
| extra5 = Harini Darbha<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Release and reception ==<br />
''Andhela Ravamidhi'' is released theatrically on 11 October 2025.<br />
<br />
Sudheer of ''[[Vaartha]]'' gave 2.75/5 stars and stated "Andela Ravamidi is an artful film that, unlike today’s commercial trends, commendably brings the beauty of Indian art to the screen, echoing K. Viswanath’s inspiration".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vaartha.com/movies/andela-ravamidhi-movie-rating/565447/|title=Andela Ravamidhi : అందెల రవమిది మూవీ రివ్యూ & రేటింగ్|date=15 October 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
Sudharani of ''Telugu Prabha'' said "Andela Ravamidi is a heartfelt tribute to Indian classical dance and artistic excellence, appealing to audiences who value meaningful cinema".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://teluguprabha.net/cinema-news/andela-ravamidi-review-is-indrani-davuluris-dance-based-film-a-worthy-tribute-to-k-viswanath/|title=Andela Ravamidi Review : ఇది కేవలం సినిమా కాదు|date=14 October 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
Ramakrishna of ''India Herald'' rated the film 2.5/5 stars and stated "*With appealing music, impressive cinematography of American locales, and strong production values, Andela Ravamidi is a commendable effor".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiaherald.com/Movies/Read/994855013/indrani-davuluri-andela-ravamidi-movie-review|title=రివ్యూ: అందెల రవమిది|website=indiaherald.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
''[[ABN Andhra Jyothi|Chitra Jyothy]]'' rated the film 2.5/5 stars and said "Opening with an accident and flashback, the film delivers a familiar story with an engaging screenplay and a message of perseverance for women".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chitrajyothy.com/2025/film-reviews/indrani-davuluri-andela-ravamidhi-movie-review-onava-66992.html|title=Andela Ravamidhi Review: అందెల రవమిది.. సినిమా రివ్యూ &#124; Indrani Davuluri Andela Ravamidhi movie review Onava|date=11 October 2025|website=Chitrajyothy Telugu News}}</ref><br />
<br />
Srikanth Reddy of ''Telugu Mirchi'' rated the film 2.75/5 stars and wrote "Karthik Kodakandla’s music and songs, along with cinematography capturing American locations and strong production values, contribute positively to the film".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telugumirchi.com/telugu/reviews/andhela-ravamidhi-review.html|title=Indrani Davuluri's Andhela Ravamidhi Movie Review|date=14 October 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb title|tt35887613}}<br />
<br />
{{Portal bar|India|Tollywood|Film}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2025 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:2025 Telugu-language films]]<br />
[[Category:2025 musical films]]<br />
[[Category:2025 drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian musical drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Telugu-language drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Telugu-language musical films]]<br />
[[Category:2020s musical drama films]]<br />
<br />
{{2020s-Telugu-film-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perni_Nani&diff=525237Perni Nani2026-04-20T07:52:40Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: added a page</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian politician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Perni Nani<br />
| nickname =<br />
| parents = Perni Krishnamurthy (father)<br />
| website = <br />
| other_party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br> (1999 - 2013)<br />
| party = [[YSR Congress Party]] (2013–Present)<br />
| image = <br />
| office = [[Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy Ministry|Minister of Transport, <br> Information & Public Relations]]<br>[[Government of Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
| term_end = 7 April 2022<ref name=":02"/><br />
| term_start = 8 June 2019<ref name=":02"/><br />
| governor = * [[E. S. L. Narasimhan]]<br />
* [[Biswabhusan Harichandan]]<br />
| 1blankname = Chief Minister<br />
| 1namedata = [[Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy]]<br />
| predecessor = * [[Kinjarapu Atchannaidu]]<br/>(Transport)<br />
* [[Kalava Srinivasulu]]<br/>(Information & Public Relations)<br />
| successor = * [[Pinipe Viswarup]]<br/>(Transport)<br />
* [[C. S. Venugopala Krishna]]<br/>(Information & Public Relations)<br />
| office1 = [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|Member]] of [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly <br>Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
| term_start1 = 2019<br />
| term_end1 = 2024<br />
| predecessor1 = [[Kollu Ravindra]]<br />
| successor1 = [[Kollu Ravindra]]<br />
| constituency1 = [[Machilipatnam (Assembly constituency)|Machilipatnam]]<br />
| term_start2 = 2009<br />
| term_end2 = 2014<br />
| predecessor2 = ''Constituency Established''<br />
| successor2 = [[Kollu Ravindra]]<br />
| constituency2 = [[Machilipatnam (Assembly constituency)|Machilipatnam]]<br />
| term_start3 = 2004<br />
| term_end3 = 2008<ref>Delimitation Orders (2008)</ref><br />
| predecessor3 = N. Narasimha Rao<br />
| successor3 = ''Constituency Abolished''<br />
| constituency3 = [[Machilipatnam Assembly constituency|Bandar]]<br />
| birth_place = <!-- must be attributed to reliable sources --><br />
| birth_date = <!-- must be attributed to reliable sources --><br />
| caption = Perni Venkataramaiah <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Perni Venkataramaiah''', commonly known as '''Perni Nani''', is an Indian politician from [[Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh]]. He is a former [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] from [[Machilipatnam Assembly constituency]] to the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] on behalf of [[YSR Congress Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andhra Pradesh (AP) Election Results 2019: Andhra Pradesh Assembly Election 2019 Live Results, Latest News, Photos, Videos – Oneindia |url=https://www.oneindia.com/andhra-pradesh-assembly-elections/ |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=www.oneindia.com |language=en}}</ref> He is a former Minister for Transport, Information & Public Relations in the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref name=":02">{{cite news |date=8 June 2019 |title=Andhra Pradesh Ministers: Portfolios and profiles |work=[[The Hindu]] |location=Hyderabad |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/andhra-pradesh-ministers-portfolios-and-profiles/article27698301.ece |url-status=live |access-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816165735/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/andhra-pradesh-ministers-portfolios-and-profiles/article27698301.ece |archive-date=16 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-07 |title=All Andhra Pradesh Cabinet Ministers Resign as CM Jagan Overhauls Team In Run-up to 2024 Polls |url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/andhra-pradesh-ministers-to-resign-as-cm-jagan-reddy-to-form-new-cabinet-only-4-to-retain-post-say-sources-4951163.html |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Early life ==<br />
Perni Venkataramaiah was born to Perni Krishnamurthy and Nageswaramma. His father was a politician and former minister in the cabinet of [[N. Janardhana Reddy]].<ref name=":02" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ravali|first=Hymavathi|date=21 November 2020|title=Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Jagan Mohan Reddy Visits Minister Perni Nani's House|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/andhra-pradesh-chief-minister-jagan-mohan-reddy-visits-minister-perni-nanis-house-657600|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124191413/https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/andhra-pradesh-chief-minister-jagan-mohan-reddy-visits-minister-perni-nanis-house-657600|archive-date=24 January 2022|access-date=24 January 2022|website=[[The Hans India]]|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
<br />
Perni Nani contested the [[1999 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1999 elections]] on behalf of [[Indian National Congress]]. He was backed by [[N. Janardhana Reddy]], former chief minister of Andhra Pradesh, but was opposed by [[Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy]], then leader of [[Pradesh Congress Committee]] of the state. He lost the election to N. Narasimha Rao of [[Telugu Desam Party]].<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Samdani |first=M. N. |date=13 August 2011 |title=Perni Nani got new lease of life with YSR's support |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/perni-nani-got-new-lease-of-life-with-ysrs-support/articleshow/9583849.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316175432/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Perni-Nani-got-new-lease-of-life-with-YSRs-support/articleshow/9583849.cms |archive-date=16 March 2017 |access-date=24 January 2022 |website=[[The Times of India]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
He later contested the [[2004 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2004 elections]] and won against N. Narasimha Rao.<ref name=":12" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=IndiaVotes AC: Andhra Pradesh 2004 |url=https://www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/2004/andhra-pradesh/176/www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/2004/andhra-pradesh/176/27 |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=IndiaVotes }}{{Dead link|date=November 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref><br />
<br />
He contested the [[2009 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2009 elections]] and won as an MLA. He served as the whip in [[Kiran Kumar Reddy]]'s government.<ref name=":02" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=IndiaVotes AC: Andhra Pradesh 2009 |url=https://www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/2009/andhra-pradesh/205/www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/2009/andhra-pradesh/205/27 |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=IndiaVotes}}</ref> He aspired to serve in the cabinet as a minister of the state. However, it wasn't attained, neither during Rajasekhara Reddy's chief-ministership nor during [[N. Kiran Kumar Reddy ministry|N. Kiran Kumar Reddy's chief-ministership]]. Relented, he indicated at a public meeting held by [[Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy]] in August 2011 as part of ''Odarpu Yatra'', that he might not be a member of Congress party by the time the next elections were due.<ref name=":12" /><br />
<br />
In January 2013, he quit Congress and joined Jagan Mohan Reddy's [[YSR Congress Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2013 |title=Nani quits Congress, to join YSR Congress |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/nani-quits-congress-to-join-ysr-congress/articleshow/18174248.cms |access-date=24 January 2022 |website=[[The Times of India]] |language=en}}</ref> In March, he voted against the government during a no-confidence motion, moved by [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]], thus defying the whip of Congress party.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 June 2013 |title=AP Speaker disqualifies 15 rebel MLAs from Congress, TDP |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/ap-speaker-disqualifies-15-rebel-mlas-from-congress-tdp/article20622216.ece1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117181827/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/ap-speaker-disqualifies-15-rebel-mlas-from-congress-tdp/article20622216.ece1 |archive-date=17 January 2022 |access-date=24 January 2022 |website=[[Business Line]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=31 March 2013 |title=18 rebel AP MLAs served show cause notices |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/18-rebel-AP-MLAs-served-show-cause-notices/article12406137.ece |url-status=live |access-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124185304/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/18-rebel-AP-MLAs-served-show-cause-notices/article12406137.ece |archive-date=24 January 2022 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Subsequently, he was disqualified as the MLA on 8 June.<ref>{{Cite news |date=13 June 2013 |title=Security for disqualified MLAs removed |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/security-for-disqualified-mlas-removed/article4810214.ece |url-status=live |access-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124184908/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/security-for-disqualified-mlas-removed/article4810214.ece |archive-date=24 January 2022 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Jagan factor pushes Congress to action |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/2013/mar/03/the-jagan-factor-pushes-congress-to-action-455228.html |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><br />
<br />
He unsuccessfully contested the [[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2014 elections]] on behalf of YSR Congress Party from Machilipatnam constituency and lost to [[Kollu Ravindra]] of [[Telugu Desam Party]] (TDP).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rao |first=G. Venkataramana |date=16 May 2014 |title=Kapus lend strength to TDP |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/kapus-lend-strength-to-tdp/article6017139.ece |url-status=live |access-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521095203/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/kapus-lend-strength-to-tdp/article6017139.ece |archive-date=21 May 2014 |issn=0971-751X }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Andhra Pradesh Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 {{!}} AP Lok Sabha Election 2014 Results |url=http://www.elections.webdunia.com/andhra-pradesh-loksabha-election-results-2014.htm |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=www.elections.webdunia.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
He contested the [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2019 elections]] and won against the incumbent TDP MLA, Kollu Ravindra from Machilipatnam Assembly constituency.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andhra Pradesh Assembly election results 2019 - StatisticsTimes.com |url=https://statisticstimes.com/politics/andhra-pradesh-assembly-election-results.php |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=statisticstimes.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
In June 2019, Chief Minister [[Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy]] inducted him into the cabinet ministry assigning the ministries of Transport, and Information & Public Relations. Perni Nani has served as the Minister for Transport, and Information & Public Relations from June 2019 to 7 April 2022.<ref name=":02" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-07 |title=All Andhra Pradesh ministers resign as CM Jagan gears up to form new cabinet |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/andhra-pradesh-cabinet-dissolved-as-ministers-submit-resignations-to-cm-jagan-101649334327220.html |access-date=2022-04-07 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nani, Perni}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Telugu politicians]]<br />
[[Category:Politicians from Krishna district]]<br />
[[Category:State cabinet ministers of Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2009–2014]]<br />
[[Category:YSR Congress Party politicians]]<br />
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Andhra Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br />
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2004–2009]]<br />
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2019–2024]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moti_Lal_Malaviya&diff=518502Moti Lal Malaviya2026-04-20T05:02:51Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Added initial data w/ infobox</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Moti Lal Malaviya<br />
| birth_name =<br />
| caption = <br />
| image = <br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1925|2|24}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Ratlam]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[British India]]<br />
| death_date = <br />
| death_place = <br />
| office = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]<br />
| term = 1952-1962<br />
| predecessor = <br />
| successor = <br />
| constituency = [[Khajuraho (Lok Sabha constituency)|Khajuraho]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]<br />
| other_party = <br />
| spouse = <br />
| children = <br />
| website = <br />
| footnotes = <br />
| date = <br />
| year = <br />
| source = https://loksabha.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/835.htm <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Moti Lal Malaviya''' was an Indian politician. He was elected to the lower House of Parliament, the [[Lok Sabha]], from [[Khajuraho (Lok Sabha constituency)|Khajuraho]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[India]].<ref name="Civic Affairs 1958 p. 1-PA19">{{cite book | title=Civic Affairs | publisher=P.C. Kapoor at the Citizen Press | issue=v. 5 | year=1958 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nv0mAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA19 | access-date=10 Mar 2023 | page=19}}</ref><br />
<ref name="Pant Nanda 2002 p. ">{{cite book | last1=Pant | first1=G.B. | last2=Nanda | first2=B.R. | title=Selected Works of Govind Ballabh Pant | publisher=Oxford University Press | series=Selected Works of Govind Ballabh Pant | issue=v. 17 | year=2002 | isbn=978-0-19-565637-4 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MiduAAAAMAAJ | access-date=10 Mar 2023 | page=157}}</ref><ref name="India. Parliament. Lok Sabha 2003 p. ">{{cite book | author=India. Parliament. Lok Sabha | title=Indian Parliamentary Companion: Who's who of Members of Lok Sabha | publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat | year=2003 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZLZVAAAAYAAJ | access-date=10 Mar 2023 | page=292}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[https://loksabha.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/835.htm Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website]<br />
<br />
[[Category:1925 births]]<br />
[[Category:India MPs 1952–1957]]<br />
[[Category:India MPs 1957–1962]]<br />
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
<br />
{{MadhyaPradesh-INC-politician-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tasgaon-Kavathe_Mahankal_Assembly_constituency&diff=539777Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal Assembly constituency2026-04-18T13:15:50Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding New Article More To Come</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
| name = Tasgaon Kavathe Mahankal<br />
| map_image = 287-Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal.svg<br />
| type = SLA<br />
| reservation = None<br />
| constituency_no = 287<br />
| state = [[Maharashtra]]<br />
| district = [[Sangli district|Sangli]]<br />
| loksabha_cons = [[Sangli Lok Sabha constituency|Sangli]]<br />
| established = 2008<br />
| mla = [[Rohit Patil]]<br />
| party = {{Party index link|Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar}}<br />
| alliance = {{Party index link|Maha Vikas Aghadi}}<br />
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2024]]<br />
| electors = 314,856<br />
}}<br />
'''Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal Assembly constituency''' is one of the 288 [[Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) constituencies of [[Maharashtra]] state in western India.<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref><ref name=ceo>{{cite web|url=http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php|title=District wise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website|access-date=5 September 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100318055304/http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php|archive-date=18 March 2010}}</ref> Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal constituency is one of the eight Vidhan Sabha constituencies located in [[Sangli district]]. It comprises part of Tasgaon tehsil and the entire Kavathe Mahankal tehsil of the district.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|publisher=The Election Commission of India|page=275}}</ref><br />
<br />
It is also a part of [[Sangli Lok Sabha constituency]] along with five other Vidhan Sabha constituencies in this district, namely [[Miraj Assembly constituency|Miraj]], [[Sangli Assembly constituency|Sangli]], [[Palus-Kadegaon Assembly constituency|Palus-Kadegaon]], [[Khanapur, Maharashtra Assembly constituency|Khanapur]] and [[Jat Assembly constituency|Jat]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|publisher=The Election Commission of India|page=278}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Members of Legislative Assembly==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Year<br />
!Member<br />
! colspan="2" |Party<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="4" |{{Center|''Till 2009 : See [[Tasgaon Assembly constituency|Tasgaon]] & [[Kavathe Mahankal Assembly constituency|Kavathe Mahankal]]''}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2009]]<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[R. R. Patil]]<br />
|{{Full party name with color|rowspan=4|Nationalist Congress Party}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2014]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[2015 elections in India|2015]]^<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Suman Patil]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2019]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2024]]<br />
|[[Rohit Patil]]<br />
|style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)}}" |<br />
|[[Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar|Nationalist Congress Party (SP)]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Election results==<br />
===Assembly Election 2024=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal<ref name="Maharastra Assembly Election Results 2024 - Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal">{{cite news |last1=Election Commission of India |title=Maharastra Assembly Election Results 2024 - Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S13287.htm |access-date=24 November 2024 |date=23 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241124155008/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S13287.htm |archive-date=24 November 2024}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Rohit Patil]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar |votes = 128,403 |percentage = 54.21% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Sanjaykaka Patil]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party|votes = 100,759 |percentage = 42.54% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 528 |percentage = 0.22% |change={{decrease}}0.65 }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 27,644 |percentage = 11.67% |change= {{decrease}}19.67 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 237,382 |percentage = 75.39% |change= {{increase}}7.15 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 236,854}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 314,856|ref = |change= {{increase}}6.70 }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar |loser = Nationalist Congress Party |swing= {{decrease}}10.13 }} <br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly Election 2019=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal<ref name="election2019">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11699-maharashtra-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |title=Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Election, 2019 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 2 February 2022 |url-access=limited}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Suman Patil|Sumanvahini R.R. (Aba) Patill]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 128,371 |percentage = 64.34% |change={{decrease}}21.19 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ajitrao Shankarrao Ghorpade |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 65,839 |percentage = 33.00% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Shankar (Dada) Mane |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 2,320 |percentage = 1.16% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 1,744 |percentage = 0.87% |change={{decrease}}0.10 }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 62,532 |percentage = 31.34% |change= {{decrease}}42.27 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 201,386 |percentage = 68.25% |change= {{increase}}11.27 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 199,528}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 295,083|ref = |change= {{increase}}9.57 }} <br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Nationalist Congress Party |swing= {{decrease}}21.19 }} <br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly By-election 2015=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2015 elections in India#Maharashtra|2015 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly by-election]] : Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/statistical-report/detailed-bye-election-results/ |title=Bye-Election Results - Election Commission of India |access-date=21 December 2025 |website=old.eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] }}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Suman Patil|Sumanvahini R.R. (Aba) Patill]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 131,236 |percentage = 85.52% |change={{increase}}32.53 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Adv. Swapnil Diliprao Patil |party=Independent politician |votes = 18,273 |percentage = 11.91% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 1,495 |percentage = 0.97% |change={{increase}}0.41 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Prashant Dnyaneshwar Gangavane |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,062 |percentage = 0.69% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 112,963 |percentage = 73.61% |change= {{increase}}62.65 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 154,938 |percentage = 57.53% |change= {{decrease}}18.36 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 153,452}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 269,304|ref = |change= {{decrease}}0.73 }} <br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Nationalist Congress Party |swing= {{increase}}32.53 }} <br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly Election 2014=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal<ref name="election2014">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11699-maharashtra-legislative-assembly-election-2014/ |title=Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Election, 2014 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 2 February 2022 |url-access=limited}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[R. R. Patil|Raosaheb Ramrao Patil]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 108,310 |percentage = 52.99% |change={{decrease}}9.52 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ajitrao Shankarrao Ghorpade |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 85,900 |percentage = 42.03% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Suresh Shendage |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 3,473 |percentage = 1.70% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Mahesh (Bhau) Yashawant Kharade |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 1,967 |percentage = 0.96% |change={{decrease}}20.44 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Shankar Martand Mane |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,272 |percentage = 0.62% |change={{decrease}}0.86 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 1,153 |percentage = 0.56% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 22,410 |percentage = 10.96% |change= {{decrease}}30.14 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 205,730 |percentage = 75.84% |change= {{increase}}11.90 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 204,380}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 271,273|ref = |change= {{increase}}8.55 }} <br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Nationalist Congress Party |swing= {{decrease}}9.52 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 2009=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal<ref>{{cite web|publisher= Chief Eletoral Officer, [[Maharashtra]]|title=General Elections to State Legislative Assembly 2009 |url=https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/pdff/vidhanresult.pdf|archive-url= http://web.archive.org/web/20240708005931/https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/pdff/vidhanresult.pdf|archive-date=8 July 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[R. R. Patil|Raosaheb Ramrao Patil]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 99,109 |percentage = 62.51% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Dinkar Balasaheb Patil|party=Shiv Sena |votes = 33,936 |percentage = 21.40% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Colonel Bhagatsing Deshmukh (Rtd) |party=Independent politician |votes = 9,736 |percentage = 6.14% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Swapnil Dilip Patil|party=Independent politician |votes = 5,310 |percentage = 3.35% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Sachin Shirishkumar Patil |party=Independent politician |votes = 3,615 |percentage = 2.28% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ulhas Namdev Bhandare |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 2,351 |percentage = 1.48% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Rajendra Uttamrao |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,251 |percentage = 0.79% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 65,173 |percentage = 41.11% |change= }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 158,608 |percentage = 63.47% |change= }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 158,544}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 249,906|ref = |change= }} <br />
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Nationalist Congress Party |loser = |swing= }} <br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Tasgaon]]<br />
* [[Kavathe-Mahankal]]<br />
* [[List of constituencies of Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Sangli district topics}}<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra}}<br />
{{coord|17|01|56.18|N|74|35|14.19|E|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra]]<br />
[[Category:Sangli district]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Maharashtra]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1962]]<br />
[[Category:1962 establishments in Maharashtra]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kalpetta_Assembly_constituency&diff=507789Kalpetta Assembly constituency2026-04-17T18:41:25Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Put Up New Page Needs Work</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Kerala legislative assembly in India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
| name = Kalpetta<br />
| type = SLA<br />
| state = Kerala<br />
| constituency_no = 19<br />
| map_image = Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University 05918.JPG<br />
| map_caption = [[Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University]]<br />
| established = 1965<br />
| reservation = None<br />
| electors = 2,00,895 (2021)<br />
| mla = [[T. Siddique]]<br />
| party = [[File:Indian National Congress hand logo.svg|20px]] [[Indian National Congress|INC]]<br />
| alliance = {{legend2|{{party color|United Democratic Front (Kerala)}}|'''[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]]'''|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}<br />
| latest_election_year = [[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021]]<br />
| district = [[Wayanad district|Wayanad]]<br />
}} <br />
'''Kalpetta State assembly constituency''' is one of the 140 [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|state legislative assembly]] constituencies in [[Kerala]] in southern [[India]].It serves as the Headquarters of [[Wayanad district]] and [[Wayanad Lok Sabha constituency]].As of the [[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]], the current MLA is [[T. Siddique]] of [[Indian National Congress]]. <br />
<br />
==Local self-governed segments==<br />
Kalpetta Assembly constituency is composed of the following local self-governed segments:<ref>{{cite web<br />
|url = http://www.ceo.kerala.gov.in/wayanad.html<br />
|website = www.ceo.kerala.gov.in<br />
|title = Local Self Governments in Assembly Constituencies of Wayanad District<br />
}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;"<br />
!width="30px" |Sl no.<br />
!width="100px" |Name<br />
!width="130px" |Status ([[Gram panchayat|Grama panchayat]]/[[Municipality]])<br />
!width="100px" |[[Tehsil|Taluk]]<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|[[Kalpetta]]<br />
|Municipality<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|[[Kaniyambetta]]<br />
|Grama panchayat<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|[[Kottathara]]<br />
|Grama panchayat<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|[[Meppadi]]<br />
|Grama panchayat<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|[[Muppanad]]<br />
|Grama panchayat<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|[[Muttil, Kalpetta|Muttil]]<br />
|Grama panchayat<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|[[Padinharethara]]<br />
|Grama panchayat<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|[[Pozhuthana]]<br />
|Grama panchayat<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|[[Thariode]]<br />
|Grama panchayat<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|[[Vengappally]]<br />
|Grama panchayat<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|Grama panchayat<br />
|[[Vythiri]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Members of Legislative Assembly==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
!Election<br />
!Niyama<br/>Sabha<br />
!Name<br />
!colspan=2 |Party<br />
!Tenure<br />
|-<br />
|[[1960 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1965]]<br />
|2nd<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[B. Wellington]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|rowspan=2|Independent (politician)}}<br />
|1960 – 1965<br />
|-<br />
|[[1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1967]]<br />
|3rd<br />
|1967 – 1970<br />
|-<br />
|[[1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1970]]<br />
|4th<br />
|[[P. Cyriac John]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<br />
|1970 – 1977<br />
|-<br />
|[[1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1977]]<br />
|5th<br />
|[[K. G. Adiyodi]]<br />
|1977 – 1980<br />
|-<br />
|[[1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1980]]<br />
|6th<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[M. Kamalam]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|rowspan=3|Janata Party}}<br />
|1980 – 1982<br />
|-<br />
|[[1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1982]]<br />
|7th<br />
|1982 – 1987<br />
|-<br />
|[[1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1987]]<br />
|8th<br />
|[[M. P. Veerendra Kumar]]<br />
|1987 – 1991<br />
|-<br />
|[[1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1991]]<br />
|9th<br />
| rowspan="3" |[[K. K. Ramachandran]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|rowspan=3|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|1991 – 1996<br />
|-<br />
|[[1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1996]]<br />
|10th<br />
|1996 – 2001<br />
|-<br />
|[[2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2001]]<br />
|11th<br />
|2001 – 2006<br />
|-<br />
|[[2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2006]]<br />
|12th<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[M. V. Shreyams Kumar]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Socialist Janata Party|rowspan=2}}<br />
|2006 – 2011<br />
|-<br />
|[[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2011]]<br />
|13th<br />
|2011 – 2016<br />
|-<br />
|[[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2016]]<br />
|14th<br />
|[[C. K. Saseendran]]<br />
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}<br />
|2016 - 2021<br />
|-<br />
|[[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021]]<br />
|15th<br />
|[[T. Siddique]]<br />
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|Incumbent<br />
|}<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
== Election results ==<br />
<br />
===2026===<br />
<br />
{{Election box begin | title=[[2026 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Kalpetta}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Indian National Congress <br />
|candidate = [[T. Siddique]]<br />
|votes = <br />
|percentage = <br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Rashtriya Janata Dal <br />
|candidate = P. K. Anilkumar<br />
|votes = <br />
|percentage = <br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = BJP<br />
|candidate = Prashanth Malavayal<br />
|votes = <br />
|percentage = <br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = Aam Aadmi Party<br />
|candidate = Rafeek C. A.<br />
|votes = <br />
|percentage = <br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Red Star|candidate=Prakasan K. V.|votes=|percentage=|change=|}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link<br />
|party = None of the above<br />
|candidate = None of the above<br />
|votes = <br />
|percentage = <br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory|<br />
|votes = <br />
|percentage = <br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box turnout|<br />
|votes = <br />
|percentage = <br />
|change = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link|<br />
|winner = <br />
|swing = <br />
}}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
=== 2021 ===<br />
{{Election box begin |title=[[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Kalpetta}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|<br />
|party = Indian National Congress<br />
|candidate = [[T. Siddique]]<br />
|votes = 70,252<br />
|percentage = 46.16<br />
|change =<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|<br />
|party = Loktantrik Janata Dal<br />
|candidate = [[M. V. Shreyams Kumar]]<br />
|votes = 64,782<br />
|percentage = 42.56<br />
|change =<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|<br />
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party<br />
|candidate = Subeesh T. M.<br />
|votes = 14,113<br />
|percentage = 9.27<br />
|change =<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|<br />
|party = NOTA<br />
|candidate = [[None of the Above]]<br />
|votes = 828<br />
|percentage = 0.54<br />
|change =<br />
}}<br />
{{<br />
Election box margin of victory|<br />
|votes= 5,470<br />
|percentage=3.60<br />
|change=<br />
}}<br />
{{<br />
Election box turnout|<br />
|votes=1,52,209<br />
|percentage=75.65<br />
|change=<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box Registered electors|<br />
|reg. electors = 2,01,192<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link|<br />
|winner = Indian National Congress<br />
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)<br />
|swing =<br />
}}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
=== 2016 ===<br />
There were 1,90,938 registered voters in the constituency for the 2016 election.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2016, Election commission of India|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3767-kerala-general-legislative-election-2016|website=eci.gov.in}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title=[[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Kalpetta}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=C. K. Saseendran|votes=72,959|percentage=48.35|change={{increase}}9.76|}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Janata Dal (United)|candidate=M. V. Shreyams Kumar|votes=59,876|percentage=39.68|change=-|}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=K. Sadanandan|votes=12,938|percentage=8.57|change={{increase}}3.37|}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=1,172|percentage=0.78|change=-}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Welfare Party of India|candidate=Joseph Ambalavayal|votes=900|percentage=0.60|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Social Democratic Party of India|candidate=K. A. Ayoob|votes=837|percentage=0.55|change={{decrease}}0.71}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Madayi Latheef|votes=594|percentage=0.39|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Shreyams Kumar Anjana House|votes=498|percentage=0.33|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)|candidate=Sujayakumar|votes=468|percentage=0.31|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Moideen Chembothara|votes=451|percentage=0.30|change=-}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Sandhya N. M.|votes=214|percentage=0.14|change=-}}{{Election box margin of victory||votes=13,083|percentage=8.67|change=}}<br />
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,50,907|percentage=79.03|change={{increase}}4.68}}<br />
<br />
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|swing=|loser=Socialist Janata (Democratic)}}{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
=== 2011 ===<br />
There were 1,70,245 registered voters in the constituency for the 2011 election.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2011, Election commission of India|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3763-kerala-2011|access-date=11 March 2020|website=eci.gov.in}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{Election box begin|title=[[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Kalpetta}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Socialist Janata (Democratic)|candidate=M. V. Shreyams Kumar|votes=67,018|percentage=52.94|change=|}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=P. A. Muhammed|votes=48,849|percentage=38.59|change=|}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Anand Kumar P. G.|votes=6,580|percentage=5.20|change=|}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Social Democratic Party of India|candidate=Jameela|votes=1,597|percentage=1.26|change=}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=K. Nasrudeen|votes=1,197|percentage=0.95|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Cleatus|votes=760|percentage=0.60|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Mujeeb Rahman Anjukunnu|votes=583|percentage=0.46|change=}}{{Election box margin of victory||votes=18,169|percentage=14.35|change=}}<br />
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,26,584|percentage=74.35|change=}}<br />
<br />
{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Socialist Janata (Democratic)|loser=Janata Dal (Secular)|swing=}}{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Kalpetta]]<br />
* [[Wayanad district]]<br />
* [[List of constituencies of the Kerala Legislative Assembly]]<br />
* [[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Kerala Assembly Constituencies}}<br />
<br />
{{Kerala Niyamasabha elections}}<br />
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Kerala]]<br />
[[Category:State assembly constituencies in Wayanad district]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1965]]<br />
[[Category:1965 establishments in Kerala]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salema_Assembly_constituency&diff=532117Salema Assembly constituency2026-04-16T04:54:27Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding New Stub Added Tags</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Tripura legislative assembly in India}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
| name = Salema<br />
| type= SLA<br />
| state = [[Tripura]]<br />
| established = 1977<br />
| abolished = 2008<br />
| electors = 29,114<br />
| mla = Prasanta Debbarma<br />
| party = {{Party index link|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}<br />
| constituency_no =<br />
| latest_election_year = [[2008 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|2008]]<br />
| district =<br />
| loksabha_cons =<br />
| reservation =<br />
}}<br />
'''Salema''' was an assembly constituency in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Tripura]].<br />
<br />
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Election<br />
! Member<br />
! colspan=2|Party<br />
|-<br />
| [[1977 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1977]] || rowspan=3 | Dinesh Debbarma || {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=7}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[1983 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1983]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[1988 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1988]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[1993 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1993]] || rowspan=4 | Prasanta Debbarma<br />
|-<br />
| [[1998 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1998]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[2003 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|2003]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[2008 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|2008]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Election results ==<br />
===Assembly Election 2008 ===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2008 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Salema<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2008 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-TRI98.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006160344/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-TRI98.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Prasanta Debbarma |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=14,354 |percentage=54.17% |change={{decrease}}4.85 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Jadu Mohan Tripura |party=Indian National Congress |votes=10,559 |percentage=39.85% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mahendra Debbarma |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=605 |percentage=2.28% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Radha Charan Debbarma |party=Independent politician |votes=595 |percentage=2.25% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bipul Debbarma |party=All India Forward Bloc |votes=222 |percentage=0.84% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bishu Debbarma |party=Lok Jan Shakti Party |votes=164 |percentage=0.62% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,795 |percentage=14.32% |change= {{decrease}}7.11 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=26,499 |percentage=91.28% |change= {{increase}}10.48 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 29,114 |ref = |change= {{increase}}6.40 }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= {{decrease}}4.85 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly Election 2003 ===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[2003 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Salema<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Tripura|title=Form 20 {{!}} Final Result Sheet {{!}} General Election to the Tripura Legislative Assembly - 2003 |url=http://ceotripura.nic.in/sites/default/files/2024-01/Form20_2003.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228165918/http://ceotripura.nic.in/sites/default/files/2024-01/Form20_2003.pdf|archive-date=28 February 2024 |access-date = 20 June 2020}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Prasanta Debbarma |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=13,007 |percentage=59.02% |change={{increase}}6.45 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ajit Debbarma |party=Indigenous Nationalist Party of Twipra |votes=8,285 |percentage=37.59% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Jyotsnamoy Dewan |party=Amra Bangali |votes=746 |percentage=3.39% |change={{increase}}2.29 }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,722 |percentage=21.43% |change= {{increase}}8.85 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=22,038 |percentage=80.71% |change= {{increase}}1.83 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 27,362 |ref = |change= {{increase}}13.27 }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= {{increase}}6.45 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly Election 1998 ===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1998 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Salema<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1998 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-TRI98.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006160344/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-TRI98.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Prasanta Debbarma |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=9,996 |percentage=52.57% |change={{decrease}}9.33 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sachindra Debbarma |party=Tripura Upajati Juba Samiti |votes=7,604 |percentage=39.99% |change={{increase}}10.03 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Haimanti Debbarma |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=1,205 |percentage=6.34% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ranita Sangma |party=Amra Bangali |votes=209 |percentage=1.10% |change={{decrease}}3.61 }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,392 |percentage=12.58% |change= {{decrease}}19.37 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=19,014 |percentage=80.99% |change= {{decrease}}2.38 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 24,156 |ref = |change= }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= {{decrease}}9.33 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly Election 1993 ===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1993 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Salema<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1993 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1993/Statistical%20Report%201993%20Tripura.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006065326/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1993/Statistical%20Report%201993%20Tripura.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Prasanta Debbarma |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=12,683 |percentage=61.90% |change={{increase}}12.32 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mangal Prasad Debbarma |party=Tripura Upajati Juba Samiti |votes=6,138 |percentage=29.96% |change={{decrease}}16.23 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ranita Sangma |party=Amra Bangali |votes=965 |percentage=4.71% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gupta Narayan Debbarma |party=Independent politician |votes=626 |percentage=3.06% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=6,545 |percentage=31.95% |change= {{increase}}28.55 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=20,488 |percentage=81.98% |change= {{decrease}}5.20 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 25,264 |ref = |change= }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= {{increase}}12.32 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly Election 1988 ===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1988 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Salema<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1988 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1988/Statistical%20Report%20Tripura%201988.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006100546/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1988/Statistical%20Report%20Tripura%201988.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Dinesh Debbarma |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=9,047 |percentage=49.59% |change={{decrease}}2.06 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mangal Prasad Debbarma |party=Tripura Upajati Juba Samiti |votes=8,428 |percentage=46.19% |change={{increase}}2.72 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Parimal Chowdhury |party=Independent politician |votes=729 |percentage=4.00% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=619 |percentage=3.39% |change= {{decrease}}4.78 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=18,245 |percentage=87.34% |change= {{increase}}2.95 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 21,142 |ref = |change= {{increase}}13.31 }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly Election 1983 ===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1983 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Salema<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1983 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/StatisticalReport%20Tripura%201983.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006044341/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/StatisticalReport%20Tripura%201983.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Dinesh Debbarma |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=8,032 |percentage=51.65% |change={{decrease}}1.59 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bijoy Kumar Jamatia |party=Tripura Upajati Juba Samiti |votes=6,761 |percentage=43.48% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ratna Prava Das |party=Independent politician |votes=758 |percentage=4.87% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,271 |percentage=8.17% |change= {{decrease}}19.55 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=15,551 |percentage=84.50% |change= {{increase}}3.94 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 18,659 |ref = |change= {{increase}}14.49 }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly Election 1977 ===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Salema<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReport%201977%20Tripura.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613130016/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReport%201977%20Tripura.pdf|archive-date=13 June 2018|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Dinesh Debbarma |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=6,890 |percentage=53.24% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Madan Mohan Debbarma |party=Indian National Congress |votes=3,302 |percentage=25.52% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Binanda Kishore Debbarma |party=Tripura Pradesh Congress Committee |votes=1,567 |percentage=12.11% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Dharmaroy Debbarma |party=Communist Party of India |votes=871 |percentage=6.73% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mangal Chandra Debbarma |party=Janata Party |votes=241 |percentage=1.86% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Himangshu Daring |party=Independent politician |votes=70 |percentage=0.54% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,588 |percentage=27.73% |change= }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=12,941 |percentage=81.29% |change= }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 16,297 |ref = |change= }}<br />
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser= |swing= }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Tripura}}<br />
{{coord|24.01|91.83|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Tripura]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Tripura]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1977]]<br />
[[Category:1977 establishments in Tripura]]<br />
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2008]]<br />
[[Category:2008 disestablishments in India]]<br />
[[Category:Long stubs with short prose]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Tripura-geo-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Serhada_Assembly_constituency&diff=534093Serhada Assembly constituency2026-04-15T23:51:32Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding The Post W/ Refs</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Haryana legislative assembly in India}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency <br />
| name = Serhada Assembly constituency<br />
|type= SLA <br />
|state = [[Haryana]]<br />
|established = 1967<br />
|abolished = 1972<br />
|electors = 60,232<br />
|mla = Surjit Singh<br />
|party = {{Party index link|Indian National Congress}}<br />
| constituency_no = <br />
| latest_election_year = [[1972 Haryana Legislative Assembly election|1972]]<br />
| district = <br />
| loksabha_cons = <br />
| reservation = <br />
}} <br />
'''Serhada Assembly constituency '''was an assembly constituency in the [[India]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Haryana]].<br />
<br />
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Election<br />
! Member<br />
! colspan=2|Party<br />
|-<br />
| [[1967 Haryana Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || P. A. J. Singh || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1968 Haryana Legislative Assembly election|1968]] || rowspan=2 | Surjit Singh || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1972 Haryana Legislative Assembly election|1972]] <br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Election results ==<br />
===Assembly Election 1972 ===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1972 Haryana Legislative Assembly election]]: Serhada<ref>{{Cite web|title=🗳️ Haryana Assembly Election 1972: LIVE Election Results, Election Dates, Schedule, Leading Candidates & Parties {{!}} Latest News Updates, Exit Polls, Analysis & Statistics on Assembly Election|url=https://www.latestly.com/elections/assembly-elections/haryana/1972/|access-date=2021-07-28|website=LatestLY|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210723231520/https://www.latestly.com/elections/assembly-elections/haryana/1972/|archive-date=23 July 2021}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Surjit Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=18,169 |percentage=39.67% |change={{decrease}}17.48 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Jagjit Singh Pohlu |party=Independent politician |votes=16,293 |percentage=35.57% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bachna |party=Independent politician |votes=5,204 |percentage=11.36% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rattan Singh |party=Indian National Congress (Organisation) |votes=2,230 |percentage=4.87% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gopi Chand |party=Independent politician |votes=2,018 |percentage=4.41% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gaje Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=572 |percentage=1.25% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sheo Chand Rai |party=Independent politician |votes=402 |percentage=0.88% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mange Ram |party=Independent politician |votes=306 |percentage=0.67% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Assa Nand |party=Independent politician |votes=246 |percentage=0.54% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,876 |percentage=4.10% |change= {{decrease}}20.70 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=45,805 |percentage=77.98% |change= {{increase}}9.99 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 60,232 |ref = |change= {{increase}}7.89 }}<br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}17.48 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly Election 1968 ===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1968 Haryana Legislative Assembly election]]: Serhada<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/haryana/assembly-constituencies/1968-election-results.html|title=Haryana Assembly Election Results in 1968 |archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420012759/https://www.elections.in/haryana/assembly-constituencies/1968-election-results.html}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Surjit Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=21,074 |percentage=57.15% |change={{increase}}28.37 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Jagjit Singh Pohlu |party=Swatantra Party |votes=11,929 |percentage=32.35% |change={{increase}}17.45 }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Malkhan Singh |party=Vishal Haryana Party |votes=1,576 |percentage=4.27% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Thandia |party=Independent politician |votes=1,172 |percentage=3.18% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mihan Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=413 |percentage=1.12% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bhalli Ram |party=Independent politician |votes=339 |percentage=0.92% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ajmer Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=225 |percentage=0.61% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=9,145 |percentage=24.80% |change= {{increase}}23.71 }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=36,878 |percentage=67.70% |change= {{decrease}}7.79 }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 55,827 |ref = |change= {{increase}}1.93 }}<br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Independent politician |swing= {{increase}}27.28 }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
===Assembly Election 1967 ===<br />
{{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Haryana Legislative Assembly election]]: Serhada<ref>{{Cite web|title=Haryana Assembly Election Results in 1967|url=https://www.elections.in/haryana/assembly-constituencies/1967-election-results.html/|access-date=2021-06-20|website=Elections in India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228150129/https://www.elections.in/haryana/assembly-constituencies/1967-election-results.html/|archive-date=28 February 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=P. A. J. Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=12,080 |percentage=29.86% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=11,641 |percentage=28.78% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rangi |party=Independent politician |votes=6,264 |percentage=15.49% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=D. Singh |party=Swatantra Party |votes=6,026 |percentage=14.90% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=M. Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=3,452 |percentage=8.53% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=I. Chander |party=Independent politician |votes=986 |percentage=2.44% |change= ''New''}}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=439 |percentage=1.09% |change= }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes=40,449 |percentage=79.54% |change= }}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 54,771 |ref = |change= }}<br />
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Independent politician |loser= |swing= }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Haryana}}<br />
{{coords|29.63|76.50|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Haryana]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Haryana]]<br />
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1967]]<br />
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 1972]]<br />
[[Category:1967 establishments in Haryana]]<br />
[[Category:1972 disestablishments in India]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Haryana-geo-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sara_Rai&diff=533030Sara Rai2026-04-07T08:33:04Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding A Pg Nd Citations...</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian writer and translator}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Sara Rai<br />
| image = Sara Rai.jpeg<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = Sara Rai in 2018<br />
| birth_name = <br />
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1956|9|15|df=y}}<br />
| birth_place = <br />
| death_date = <br />
| death_place = <br />
| resting_place = <br />
| education = {{plainlist|<br />
*[[Jawaharlal Nehru University]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]])<br />
*[[University of Allahabad]] (MA)<br />
}}<br />
| alma_mater = <br />
| other_names = <br />
| employer = <br />
| occupation = Writer, translator, editor<br />
| years_active = <br />
| mother = <br />
| father = <br />
| relatives = [[Premchand|Munshi Premchand]] (grandfather)<br />
| known_for = <br />
| notable_works = <br />
| spouse = <br />
| children = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Sara Rai''' (born 15 September 1956), is a contemporary Indian writer, translator and editor of modern [[Hindi]] and [[Urdu]] fiction. She lives in [[Prayagraj]] (formerly Allahabad), [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]. Rai mainly writes and publishes short stories in [[Hindi]]. Written in a reflective prose style, her stories explore the individual complexities in the lives of ordinary people and outsiders in contemporary India.<br />
<br />
== Biography ==<br />
Sara Rai was born into a family of writers and artists based in Allahabad. Sara Rai's grandfather is the writer Dhanpat Rai Srivastava, better known by his pen name [[Premchand|Munshi Premchand]]. His second wife, Shivrani Devi (DOB unknown-1976), was an active follower of [[Mahatma Gandhi]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Devi |first=Shivrani |title=Premchand Ghar men (Premchand at home), ed. by Sara Rai |publisher=Nayee Kitab |year=2019 |editor-last=Rai |editor-first=Sara}}</ref> Sara Rai's father, the literary critic and painter Sripat Rai (1916–1994), was the founding editor of ''Kahani'' (1937–39 and 1953–79), one of the leading literary journals of the ''Nayi Kahani''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Govind |first=Nikhil |date=9 May 2016 |title=Nayi Kahani |url=https://www.rem.routledge.com/articles/nayi-kahani |access-date=2023-10-12 |website=Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism}}</ref> Movement. Her mother, Zahra Rai (1917–1993), also wrote and published short stories in Hindi.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rai |first=Zahra |title=Taking Leave, in: Hindi. Handpicked Fiction, ed. by Sara Rai |publisher=Katha |year=2003 |location=Delhi |pages=30–37 |orig-year=1961}}</ref><br />
<br />
Sara Rai received a master's degree in Modern History from the [[Jawaharlal Nehru University]], New Delhi, in 1978. Three years later, she accomplished her masters in English Literature at the [[University of Allahabad]]. Rai started writing at a young age. Her first story "Lucky Horace" was published in the ''Damn You'' magazine founded and edited by [[Arvind Krishna Mehrotra]] and Sara's cousins Alok and [[Amit Rai]] in the early 1960s.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hahn |first=Johanna |title="In der Wildnis." Kommentierte Übersetzung und Interpretation moderner Hindi-Kurzgeschichten von Sara Rai |publisher=Regiospectra |year=2013 |location=Berlin |pages=164 |language=German}}</ref> Since 1990, she published four short story collections, a novel, several essays and a memoir in 2023. Besides, Rai has been working as an editor and translator of fiction by [[Vinod Kumar Shukla]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dreaming the World: Vinod Kumar Shukla's Extraordinary Sentences – The Georgia Review |url=https://thegeorgiareview.com/posts/dreaming-the-world-vinod-kumar-shuklas-extraordinary-sentences/ |access-date=2023-10-10 |website=thegeorgiareview.com |date=25 August 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref> Munshi Premchand, Zahra Rai, Moghal Mahmood, Pankaj Bisht, Shaukat Hayat, [[Geetanjali Shree]] ([[International Booker Prize]] winner 2022) and others from Hindi and Urdu into English.<br />
<br />
Rai has taken part in public activities of the national and international literary scene: In 2019, a reading tour took her to Germany, where she was invited, among other places, to the [[:de:Internationales Literaturfestival Heidelberg|International Literature Festival Heidelberg]]. In 2021, she held the chair of jury for the [[JCB Prize]] for Literature.<br />
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== Works ==<br />
In her essay "You will be the Katherine Mansfield of Hindi",<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rai |first=Sara |title=You'll be the Katherine Mansfield of Hindi |url=https://caravanmagazine.in/literature/writer-journey-language-hindi-katherine-mansfield |access-date=2023-10-12 |website=The Caravan |language=en}}</ref> Sara Rai reflects her struggle of becoming a writer and finding her own literary voice in the multilingual and -cultural backgrounds of both her family and her home town Allahabad. This essay, renamed into "On not Writing", became a part of Rai's memoir ''Raw Umber'' (2023) published in English. By recalling memories of her growing up as a child and author in an environment of intellectual inspiration and creative freedom, this autobiographical account also reveals the emotional shallows and strokes of fate happening to a family who is under the shadow of a famous ancestor. Each chapter is dedicated to a single family member, who is portrayed as an individual with unique talents, quirks and contradictions. Interwoven with these character studies, the book offers insights into the daily life of a middle-class family in urban India in the first decades after [[History of the Republic of India (1947–present)|Independence]], as well as into the history of the Rai family's feudal Muslim and rural Hindu heritage. In his praise, [[Pankaj Mishra]] points out: "''Raw Umber'' is the rare memoir that doubles as social and emotional history."<ref>see blurb of ''Raw Umber''</ref><br />
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Rai's short stories depict the everyday lives and perceptions of individuals in contemporary India. They are mainly set in North Indian cities such as Delhi, Varanasi (Benares) or Allahabad. Her characters come from various social, economic and religious backgrounds. "On the brink" (''Kagaar par''),<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rai |first=Sara |title=Kagaar par (On the brink), in: Biyaabaan men |publisher=Rajkamal Prakashan |year=2005 |pages=67–91}}</ref> for example, is told from the perspective of a middle aged gay artist in Delhi who falls in love with a young migrant worker. "Babu Devidins new world" (''Babu Devidin ki Nayi Duniya'')<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rai |first=Sara |title=Babu Devidin ki Nayi Duniya (Babu Devidin's New World), in: Biyabaan men |publisher=Rajkamal Prakashan |year=2005 |pages=39–52}}</ref> depicts the daily struggles of a hypochondriac pensioner, and "Criminal on the run" (Mujrim Farar)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rai |first=Sara |date=2014 |title=Mujrim Faraar |journal=Lokmat Samachar Deepbhav |volume=Annual Issue |pages=69–79}}</ref> is a narration about a rapist who manages to escape after murdering a young woman but eventually loses his mind in the solitude of his hiding-place.<ref>According to the author, this story is based on the real case of the [[Shakti Mills gang rape]] that happened in 2013.</ref><br />
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The author is especially interested in how the clashes and conflicts of modern India surface in the daily life of her protagonists. Many topics of her stories are universal – the struggles of getting old in a quickly transforming world, the search for identity in turbulent times, and the experience of being socially excluded in terms of belonging to a ‘different’ class, gender, religion, or socio-economical background. By calling herself a "Hindustani writer",<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hahn |first=Johanna |title="In der Wildnis". Kommentierte Übersetzung und Interpretation moderner Hindi-Kurzgeschichten von Sara Rai |publisher=Regiospectra |year=2013 |location= |pages=158 |language=German}}</ref> Rai positions herself in the shared linguistic and cultural tradition of South Asian Hindus and Muslims. This choice is reflected in the fact that many of her characters display distinctive idioms or different registers of [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]. For example, the old Muslim woman in "Labyrinth" (''Bhulbhulaiyan'') is strongly influenced by Perso-Arabic vocabulary referring to the Nawabi culture of the 19th century. In other stories, such as in "Criminal on the run" (''Mujrim Faraar''), Rai uses a colloquial style to imitate a mix of illiterate local dialect and urban [[Bollywood]] slang as spoken in contemporary [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rai |first=Sara |title=Im Labyrinth. Erzählungen |publisher=Draupadi |others=Ed. and transl. from Hindi by Johanna Hahn |year=2019 |editor-last= |editor-first= |location= |pages=183 |language=German}}</ref><br />
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The Hindi scholar Thomas de Bruijn states that "Rai's work shows the evocative power of a literary idiom in which the heritage of many premodernities are accumulated. Its dialogic nature, refusing to be fixed to a single, monologic identity, makes it a perfect idiom for expressing the conundrum of modernity in a contemporary Indian context."<ref>{{Cite book |last=de Bruijn |first=Thomas |title="Lost Voices: The Creation of Images of India through Translation", in: India in Translation through Hindi Literature. A Plurality of Voices. Ed. by Maya Burger & Nicola Pozza |publisher=Peter Lang |year=2010 |location=Bern/Berlin/Bruxelles |pages=77–102, here p. 97}}</ref> In order to narrate each story from a subjective perspective, Rai frequently applies the narrative device of the [[Stream of consciousness (narrative mode)|stream-of-consciousness]]. This focus on individual perspectives in her writing draws a connection to the ''Nayi Kahani'' of the 1950s and 60s.<ref>{{Cite book |last=de Bruijn |first=Thomas |title=Lost Voices: The Creation of Images of India through Translation", in: India in Translation through Hindi Literature. A Plurality of Voices. Ed. by Maya Burger & Nicola Pozza |publisher=Peter Lang |year=2010 |location= |pages=77–102}}</ref> Rai's interest in depicting the nuances of human feelings and interactions not only establishes a literary affinity to the ''Nayi Kahani'' in Hindi literature, but also to other modern and contemporary writers such as [[Anton Chekhov]], [[Marcel Proust]] and [[Alice Munro]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hahn |first=Johanna |title="In der Wildnis". Kommentierte Übersetzung und Interpretation moderner Hindi-Kurzgeschichten von Sara Rai. |publisher=Regiospectra |year=2013 |location= |pages=156–157 |language=German}}</ref><br />
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Rai's first novel, ''Cheelvali Kothi'' (The House of Kites) came out in 2010. The novel narrates the story of a formerly wealthy, educated and secular lineage of Hindu [[Bania (caste)|Banias]], traders and accountants, and its gradual decay. The novel, which is set in the ancestral mansion (''kothi'') of the family in [[Varanasi]] (Benaras), is told from the perspectives of its members, among them the orphan Meena, who comes to the mansion as a companion to the family's daughter as a teenager. Meena and the eldest son of the house, Vikram, secretly fall in love with each other. Vikram, who holds a University degree but has no job, engages as social activist and fights for the rights of the poor. However, when the question of marriage arises, he agrees to marry a woman chosen by his parents instead of taking side for his true love (but presumably low-caste) Meena – which turns out a fatal decision.<br />
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== Reception ==<br />
In India, Sara Rai's work has been receiving growing attention among writers, critics and readers alike.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-25 |title=Sara Rai's memoir 'Raw Umber' deconstructs the act of remembering |url=https://www.vogue.in/culture-and-living/content/sara-rais-memoir-raw-umber-deconstructs-the-act-of-remembering |access-date=2023-10-12 |website=Vogue India |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Datta |first=Sudipta |date=2023-03-24 |title=Review of Sara Rai's Raw Umber — A Memoir: Remembrance of a lost world |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-reviews/raw-umber-sara-rai-memoir-remembrance-lost-world/article66634494.ece |access-date=2023-10-12 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> [[Nirmal Verma]] states in the preface of Rai's first book ''Abaabeel ki Udaan'': „If the secret of art is concealed in [E. M.] [[E. M. Forster|Forster]]’s "Only Connect" comment, it is Sara Rai's extraordinary talent of searching for a connection between most unrelated things and bringing to light an astonishing truth."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rai |first=Sara |title=Abaabil ki Udaan |publisher=Rajkamal Prakashan |others=Preface by Nirmal Verma |year=1997 |location= |pages=10 |language=hi |quote=Only connect! That was the whole of her sermon. Only connect the prose and the passion, and both will be exalted, and human love will be seen at its height. Live in fragments no longer. Only connect, and the beast and the monk, robbed of the isolation that is life to either, will die." (E.M. Forster: Howards End, 1910)}}</ref><br />
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Her stories have been translated into Urdu, English,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rai |first=Sara |title=On the Edge. |publisher=Penguin |others=In: Ruth Vanita (ed. and transl. from Hindi): On the Edge: 100 Years of Hindi-Fiction on Same Sex Desire. |year=2023 |editor-last=Vanita |editor-first=Ruth |pages=128–147 |language=English}}</ref> German,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rai |first=Sara |title=Im Labyrinth. Erzählungen |publisher=Draupadi |others=Ed. and transl. from Hindi by Johanna Hahn |year=2019 |location= |language=German}}</ref> French<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rai |first=Sara |title=Deewarein, Murs, In: Nouvelles de L'Inde du Nord |publisher=Magellan & Cie |others=Transl. from Hindi by Annie Montaut |location= |language=French}}</ref> and Italian<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rai |first=Sara |date=July 2014 |editor-last=Guardi |editor-first=Jolanda |title=Sull'orlo. Translation from Hindi by Alessandra Consolaro |url=https://www.unive.it/pag/fileadmin/user_upload/dipartimenti/DSLCC/documenti/DEP/numeri/n25/010_doc_08_Sara_Rai.pdf |journal=Deportate, Esuli, Profughe |language=Italian |volume=25 |pages=92–105}}</ref> language.<br />
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== Bibliography ==<br />
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=== Fiction and memoir ===<br />
* 2023: ''[[Raw Umber (memoir)|Raw Umber: A Memoir]]'', Westland Books.<br />
* 2022 ''Nabila aur anya Kahaaniyan'' (Nabila and other stories), [[Rajkamal Prakashan]].<br />
* 2015 ''Bhulbhulaiyan'' (The Labyrinth and other stories), Surya Prakashan Mandir.<br />
*2010 ''Cheelvali Kothi'' (House of Kites, novel), Harper Collins Hindi & Rajkamal Prakashan.<br />
*2005 ''Biyaabaan men'' (In the Wilderness, story collection), Rajkamal Prakashan.<br />
*1997 ''Abaabeel ki Udaan'' (The Swallow's Flight, story collection), Rajkamal Prakashan.<br />
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=== Edited books (selection) ===<br />
* 2019 ''Blue Is Like Blue: Stories by Vinod Kumar Shukla,'' ed. and transl. from Hindi with Arvind Krishna Mehrotra, HarperCollins.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-01-03 |title=Vinod Kumar Shukla's short fiction captures our reactions to the mundane |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/review-blue-is-like-blue-by-vinod-kumar-shukla/story-glcUUpsVJlD3IdcXZz3HsI.html |access-date=2023-10-10 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><br />
* 2020: Moghal Mahmood & Zahra Rai: ''Mahalsara ka ek Khel aur Anya Kahaniyan'' (A Game in the Women's Quarter and Other Story), ed. and transl. from Hindi, Vani Prakashan.<br />
* 2019: Shivrani Devi: ''Premchand Ghar men'' (Premchand at Home), ed. and transl. from Hindi, Nayee Kitaab.<br />
* 2019: Vinod Kumar Shukla: ''Blue Is Like Blue: Stories'', ed. and transl. from Hindi with Arvind Krishna Mehrotra, HarperCollins.<br />
* 2013: ''Premchand’s Kazaki and other Marvellous Tales'', ed. and transl. from Hindi, Hachette India.<br />
* 2003: ''Hindi. Handpicked Fictions'', ed. and transl. from Hindi, Katha.<br />
* 1999: ''Imaging the Other'', ed. and transl. from Hindi with GJV Prasad, Katha.<br />
* 1990: ''The Golden Waistchain'', ed. and transl. from Hindi, Penguin.<br />
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=== Selected essays and stories in English translation ===<br />
* 2022: "Mango Blossoms" (story) by Zahra Rai, transl. from Hindi by Sara Rai. In: ''The Silence That Speaks: Stories by Indian Muslim Women'', ed. by Haris Qadeer, [[Oxford University Press]] India.<br />
* 2022: "The Will" (story) by Moghal Mahmood, transl. from Hindi by Sara Rai. In: ''The Silence That Speaks: Stories by Indian Muslim Women'', ed. by Haris Qadeer, Oxford University Press India.<br />
* 2020: "On Not Writing" (essay). In: ''The Book of Indian Essays'': ''Two Hundred Years of English Prose,'' ed. by Krishna Arvind Mehrotra, Black Kite and Hachette.<br />
* 2020: "The Labyrinth" (story). In: ''The Greatest Hindi Stories Ever Told'', ed. and transl. by Poonam Saxena, [[Aleph Book Company]].<br />
* 2017: "Old Veranda" by Vinod Kumar Shukla, transl. from Hindi with Arvind Krishna Mehrotra. In: ''+1'', No. 28.<br />
* 2013: "Reading [[Godaan]]" (essay). In: ''50 Writers 50 Books,'' ed. by Sebastian and Siddan, Harper Collins.<br />
* 2011: "Vagabond Nights" by Gyan Ranjan (essay), transl. from Hindi by Sara Rai. In: ''The Last Bungalow: Writings on Allahabad'', ed. by Arvind Krishna Mehrotra, Penguin.<br />
* 2003: "Our Small World" by Sara Rai, transl. from Hindi by the author. In: Sara Rai (ed.): ''Hindi Handpicked Fictions'', Katha.<br />
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== Awards and honours ==<br />
* 2023: [https://tatalitlive.in/ Tata Literature Live!] Book of the Year Award for Non Fiction (for ''Raw Umber'')<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shah |first=Toral |date=2023-10-30 |title=Tata Literature Live! Literary Awards for 2023 Announced |url=https://tatalitlive.in/tata-literature-live-literary-awards-for-2023-announced/ |access-date=2023-10-30 |website=Tata Literature Live! |language=en-US |archive-date=30 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030101546/https://tatalitlive.in/tata-literature-live-literary-awards-for-2023-announced/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
* 2020: [[Mathrubhumi]] Book of Year Award (for ''Blue is like Blue'' by Vinod Kumar Shukla)<ref>{{Cite news |last=PTI |date=2020-02-02 |title=Vinod Shukla bags first Mathrubhumi Book of the Year award |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/vinod-shukla-bags-first-mathrubhumi-book-of-the-year-award/article30719270.ece |access-date=2023-10-13 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
* 2019: Atta Galatta Prize of the Bangalore Literarature Festival in the category fiction (for the translation ''Blue is like Blue'' by Vinod Kumar Shukla)<ref>{{Cite web |last=harperbroadcast |date=2019-09-27 |title=A Week in Translations: Blue Is Like Blue |url=https://harpercollins.co.in/blog/book-excerpts/a-week-in-translations-blue-is-like-blue/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=HarperCollins Publishers India Books, Novels, Authors and Reviews}}</ref><br />
*2019: Coburger Rueckert Prize (Germany) for her literary work<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coburger Rückert-Preis 2019 Sara Rai PR-Dossier - PDF Kostenfreier Download |url=https://docplayer.org/194134105-Coburger-rueckert-preis-2019-sara-rai-pr-dossier.html |access-date=2023-10-10 |website=docplayer.org}}</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
* Excerpt of ''Raw Umber'': https://scroll.in/article/1041979/memoir-author-translator-sara-rai-on-being-premchands-granddaughter-and-falling-into-writing<br />
* Ep. 255: ''Sara Rai Inhales Literature'', Podcast "The Seen and the Unseen" by Amit Varma with Sara Rai. Retrieved 2023-10-11.<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
{{Portal bar|Biography|India|Literature}}<br />
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{{authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rai, Sara}}<br />
[[Category:1956 births]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian short story writers]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian women writers]]<br />
[[Category:Autobiographers]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi]]<br />
[[Category:Indian women short story writers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian writers]]<br />
[[Category:Jawaharlal Nehru University alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Premchand]]<br />
[[Category:University of Allahabad alumni]]<br />
[[Category:Urdu]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Prayagraj]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ali_Ashraf_(academic)&diff=485508Ali Ashraf (academic)2026-04-03T02:53:31Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: put up a bio.</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Indian academician}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox officeholder<br />
| name = Ali Ashraf<br />
| image = Professor Ali Ashraf.jpg<br />
| office = Vice-Chancellor of [[Jamia Millia Islamia]]<br />
| term_start = 1983<br />
| term_end = 1989<br />
| chancellor = <br />
| predecessor = [[Anwar Jamal Kidwai]]<br />
| successor = [[Syed Zahoor Qasim]]<br />
| birth_date = {{birth year|1930}}<br />
| birth_place = <br />
| death_date = {{death year and age|1996|1930}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Ali Ashraf''' (1930–1996) was an Indian academician who served as the vice-chancellor of [[Jamia Millia Islamia]] from 1983 to 1989.<ref>{{cite web |title=Past Vcs Profile |url=https://jmi.ac.in/About-Jamia/Profile/History/History/11530/Past-Vcs-Profile |website=jmi.ac.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gabriel |first1=Marie Cruz |title=A Silence in the City and Other Stories |date=1996 |publisher=Orient Blackswan |page=3}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Life and career==<br />
Ali Ashraf was born in 1930.<ref name="viaf">{{cite web |title=Ashraf, Ali, 1930- |url=https://viaf.org/viaf/5359789 |website=viaf.org}}</ref> He taught at the [[IIT Kanpur]]. He was seen as a political scientist.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Saberwal |first1=Satish|title=Spirals of Contention: Why India was Partitioned in 1947|date=2012 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GzH-QYStmVgC&dq=vice-chancellor+Ali+Ashraf&pg=PR14|publisher=Routledge |page=xiv|isbn=9781136517440 }}</ref> He was also a director of Gandhian Institute of Studies, in [[Varanasi]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chitkara |first1=M. G. |title=Corruption "n" Cure|date=1997 |publisher=APH Publishing |page=124}}</ref><br />
<br />
Ashraf died in 1996.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Al-Hafiz |first1=Badruddin |title=یادوں کی نگری |trans-title=Reminiscences |date=2002 |publisher=Madhya Pradesh Urdu Academy |location=Bhopal |page=226 |language=ur}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Publications== <br />
Ashraf's works include:<ref name="viaf"/><br />
* ''Ethnic identify and national integration''<br />
* ''The Muslim elite''<br />
* ''Political sociology: a new grammar of politics''<br />
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== References ==<br />
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{{reflist}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ashraf, Ali}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
[[Category:1930 births]]<br />
[[Category:1996 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Indian academic administrators]]<br />
[[Category:IIT Kanpur people]]<br />
[[Category:Jamia Millia Islamia people]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Odela_2&diff=522725Odela 22026-03-26T07:07:07Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: added entry.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|2025 film by Ashok Teja}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2024}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Odela 2<br />
| image = Odela 2.jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = Ashok Teja<br />
| producer = D. Madhu<br/>Sampath Nandi<br />
| writer = [[Sampath Nandi]]<br />
| starring = {{ubl|[[Tamannaah Bhatia]]|[[Hebah Patel]]|[[Vasishta N. Simha]]}}<br />
| cinematography = [[Soundararajan (cinematographer)|Soundararajan]]<br />
| editing = Avinash<br />
| music = [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]]<br />
| studio = {{ubl|Madhu Creations|Sampath Nandi Teamworks}}<br />
| distributor = <br />
| released = {{film date|df=y|2025|4|17}}<br />
| runtime = 150 minutes<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Telugu<br />
| budget = {{INRConvert|25|c}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Box Office Blues: Odela 2's Day 5 Collection Reveals a Shocker |url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/entertainment/bollywood/box-office-blues-odela-2-s-day-5-collection-reveals-a-shocker/ar-AA1Dn2XE |access-date=2025-06-27 |website=msn.com |language=en}}</ref><br />
| gross = {{INRConvert|7.07|c}}<ref name="Chaudhury">{{Cite web |last=Chaudhury |first=Shreshtha |date=2025-05-09 |title=Odela 2 Worldwide Box Office (Closing Collection): Tamannaah Bhatia's Film Wraps Up On A Disastrous Note!|url=https://m.imdb.com/news/ni65274265/|access-date=2025-05-19 |website=[[IMDb]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Odela 2''''' is a 2025 [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language, Indian [[Thriller film#Supernatural thriller|supernatural thriller]] film directed by Ashok Teja and written by [[Sampath Nandi]]. The film stars [[Tamannaah Bhatia]], [[Hebah Patel]], [[Vasishta N. Simha]] in lead roles. Produced by D. Madhu and Sampath Nandi, with cinematography by [[Soundararajan (cinematographer)|Soundararajan]] and music composed by [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]], this movie is sequel to ''[[Odela Railway Station]]'' (2022) centers on the fictional village of the same name. The film portrays how Odela Mallanna Swamy protects his village from evil forces.<ref name="cast">{{cite web | author=The Hindu Bureau | title='Odela 2' first look: Tamannaah Bhatia is a Shiva devotee in Sampath Nandi's supernatural thriller | website=The Hindu | date=8 March 2024 | url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/odela-2-first-look-tamannaah-bhatia-is-a-shiva-devotee-in-sampath-nandis-supernatural-thriller/article67928435.ece | access-date=25 March 2024 | archive-date=25 March 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240325155052/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/odela-2-first-look-tamannaah-bhatia-is-a-shiva-devotee-in-sampath-nandis-supernatural-thriller/article67928435.ece | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last=Sharma | first=Dishya | title=Odela 2: Tamannaah Bhatia's First Look As Shiva Shakthi Is Fantastic | website=News18 | date=8 March 2024 | url=https://www.news18.com/movies/odela-2-tamannaah-bhatias-first-look-as-shiva-shakthi-is-fantastic-8807921.html | access-date=25 March 2024 | archive-date=25 March 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240325155052/https://www.news18.com/movies/odela-2-tamannaah-bhatias-first-look-as-shiva-shakthi-is-fantastic-8807921.html | url-status=live }}</ref> This movie garnered mixed reviews from critics and received heavy backlash for its poor storyline and direction. The film [[Box-office bomb|underperformed]] at box office.<ref name="Chaudhury">{{Cite web |last=Chaudhury |first=Shreshtha |date=2025-05-09 |title=Odela 2 Worldwide Box Office (Closing Collection): Tamannaah Bhatia's Film Wraps Up On A Disastrous Note!|url=https://m.imdb.com/news/ni65274265/|access-date=2025-05-19 |website=[[IMDb]] |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Plot ==<br />
A schoolgirl is shown walking down the railway track, seemingly possessed and carrying Radha's head, and she walks to the police station, terrifying everyone.<br />
<br />
In the village of Odela, Telangana, the gruesome legacy of serial rapist and murderer Tirupati lingers after his beheading at the hands of his wife, Radha (from the first film). Following his execution, the villagers, fearing his malevolent influence, perform a ritual called Samadhi Shiksha, sealing his corpse instead of cremating it. This improper burial prevents Tirupati's soul from attaining moksha, transforming him into a vengeful evil spirit that returns six months later to terrorise the village. His spirit possesses men and resumes a horrific spree of rapes and murders, targeting newlywed brides, plunging Odela into fear and chaos again. He possesses the village pandit to brutally rape and murder one of the brides on her wedding night, and possesses the village sarpanch to do the same on another bride's wedding night, which was in a maize field, just as brutal and bone-chilling.<br />
<br />
As the village grapples with the escalating supernatural threat, the villagers turn to Radha, now imprisoned for killing Tirupati for guidance. Radha reveals the existence of her estranged sister, Bhairavi, a powerful [[Nāga]] [[Sadhu]] and devotee of Lord [[Shiva]], who left home in childhood to pursue a divine path. Known as Shiva Shakti, Bhairavi has been chanting "[[Om Namah Shivaya]]" 110 crore times to attain the divine [[Darshan (Indian religions)|darshan]] of Lord Shiva, living as an ascetic guarded by a sacred snake.<br />
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After a great amount of pleading, she decides to come to Odela. Bhairavi arrives in Odela just before the film's interval, her dramatic entrance, where she beats up and probably kills several drunk, cruel men who were beating and trying to kill some innocent cows, raising hopes of salvation among Odela's villagefolk. She confronts the spirit's chaos, uncovering that Tirupati's malevolent force is manipulating the village's men to perpetuate his crimes. With the aid of a local [[Muslim]] baba Allah Bakshu (Murali Sharma), who strangely quotes and has great knowledge of [[Hindu]] scriptures, Bhairavi performs rituals to weaken the spirit's hold. The narrative delves into themes of Shiva Tattva and divine energy, portraying Bhairavi as a mythical force destined to restore order.<br />
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Some journalists come from the city to report on the state of Odela. They accidentally crash-land a drone on Tirupati's grave. During the day, the villager on guard chases them away, but at night, one of them goes in to retrieve the drone, gets cut on the barbed wire strung around the grave, and bleeds on the grave, causing Tirupati's spirit to awaken. The spirit goes to Bhairavi, with the intention of raping her. However, she is saved by the sacred snake which protects her. Bhairavi and Tirupati have a confrontation on the outskirts of the village, at end of which both leave with threats to each other.<br />
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As the battle intensifies, Bhairavi faces challenges in rallying the superstitious villagers, who are torn between fear of the spirit and reliance on sorcerers and fakirs. Tirupati's spirit unleashes a whirlwind of terror, including a visceral “viswaroopam” manifestation, pushing the village to the brink. He reveals that he has worshipped the Devil, and now controls the 5 elements: earth, fire, water, air and sky. He draws a border around Odela: any living being, human or animal or bird, who crosses the line is brutally killed. He forbids anyone from going to school, hospital or work, says that no crop will grow, vowing to turn Odela into a graveyard.<br />
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However, a villager's daughter has severe asthma, and they can't cross the line to reach the hospital situated outside Odela. They rush her to Bhairavi, who says that her sister Radha, who has been released from prison, can save the young girl, as Radha was Tirupati's wife, and according to Bhairavi, "the bond of marriage" is the strongest of all. While Radha dresses up and goes to Tirupati's grave to distract him, Bhairavi chants "Om Namah Shivaya" on loudspeaker to keep his spirit weak, which will weaken the line. However, a sandstorm starts (probably by Tirupati) and the electricity is cut off just as the asthmatic girl's father is about to cross the line. This causes the loudspeaker broadcast to be stopped, and Tirupati arises again. He possesses the girl, cuts off Radha's head and walks with it down the railway track to the police station, just as she did with his head in the prequel. This scene is a callback to the starting scene of this film.<br />
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When Radha's body is being burnt, Tirupati's spirit appears before Bhairavi. He tells her that he will spare the village if she gives up her celibacy and devotion to Lord Shiva, marries him and lets him "have her body". Seeing no other way, she agrees. He tells her to dress up as a bride and come to him. The villagers try to stop her, telling her "there is no God", but she is adamant. Before leaving to dress up, she looks at the local Muslim baba (Murali Sharma) and tells him "Om Namah Shivaya" and her hand gesture indicated "Kapalmoksha", attaining which will free Tirupati's soul from the mortal realm. As Tirupati's spirit, possessing a local man's body, goes to rape and murder Bhairavi, the baba and a few other men start digging up Tirupati's body, as a festival is arranged in the village. Tirupati realises that Bhairavi has planned something, and throws her in front of the Odela Mallanna Swamy temple, where the festival was ongoing, saying that "all will watch what he does to her". She keeps chanting "Om Namah Shivaya" to complete 110 crore, and this infuriates him, leading him to brutally attacking her again and again.<br />
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Finally, she passes out when she has just one chant left to complete. A brave young girl goes to the statue of Nandi in the temple and whispers into its ear, begging Lord Shiva to come and save Bhairavi. [[Nandi (Hinduism)|Nandi]] awakens and breathes life into Bhairavi, who completes her 110 crore chants with a final "Om Namah Shivaya". As a result, Bhairavi too gains control over the five elements and Lord [[Shiva]] Himself appears before all present, and gives his divine [[Trishula|Trishul]] (trident) to Bhairavi, who uses it to destroy Tirupati, who was chanting evil mantras to choke the life out of all villagers of Odela. At the same time, the baba and the other men with him have dug up and burnt Tirupati's remains in a pyre, so that his spirit can attain "Kapalmoksha" and be vanquished from the mortal realm. After this, Bhairavi leaves Odela to continue her ascetic lifestyle.<br />
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The film concludes with a hint of a potential third installment, as Tirupati's bicycle is shown roaming the village streets with no rider on it, as it did in this film when he stalked a target, suggesting that the battle between good and evil in Odela may not be fully resolved.<br />
<br />
== Cast ==<br />
{{Cast listing|<br />
* [[Tamannaah Bhatia]] as Bhairavi<br />
* [[Hebah Patel]] as Radha<br />
* [[Vasishta N. Simha]] as Tirupati, Radha's husband <br />
* [[Murali Sharma]] as Allah Bakshu<br />
* [[Sharath Lohitashwa]]<br />
* Yuva<br />
* Naga Mahesh<br />
* Vamsi<br />
* Gagan Vihari<br />
* Surender Reddy<br />
* [[Srikanth Iyengar]] as priest<br />
* Bhupal<br />
* Shafi as reporter<br />
* [[Pooja Reddy Bora]] as Yamini<br />
* Kriss Venugopal as Guru<br />
* [[Rahul Ravi]] as Venkatesh<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
<br />
=== Development ===<br />
In March 2024, filmmaker [[Sampath Nandi]] announced on social media his second collaboration with director Ashok Teja, titled ''Odela 2''. The film is a supernatural thriller and serves as a sequel to ''[[Odela Railway Station]]''.<ref>{{cite web | last=Hungama | first=Bollywood | title=Tamannaah Bhatia starrer Odela 2 first look unveiled; see poster : Bollywood News | website=Bollywood Hungama | date=1 March 2024 | url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/south-cinema/tamannaah-bhatia-starrer-odela-2-first-look-unveiled-see-poster/ | access-date=30 July 2024 | archive-date=30 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730120653/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/south-cinema/tamannaah-bhatia-starrer-odela-2-first-look-unveiled-see-poster/ | url-status=live }}</ref> [[Tamannaah Bhatia]] was selected for the lead role. [[Hebah Patel]] and [[Vasishta N. Simha]] were retained from the prequel and cast in pivotal roles. The additional cast includes Yuva, [[Murali Sharma]], Sharath Lohitashwa, Srikanth Iyengar, Naga Mahesh, Vamshi, Gagan Vihari, Surender Reddy, Bhupal and Pooja Reddy.<ref name="cast" /><ref>{{cite web | title=Watch: How Tamannaah Transformed Into Naga Saadhu In Odela 2 | website=Times Now | date=26 April 2024 | url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/telugu/watch-how-tamannaah-transformed-into-naga-saadhu-in-odela-2-article-109618821 | access-date=29 June 2024 | archive-date=26 April 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426084836/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/telugu/watch-how-tamannaah-transformed-into-naga-saadhu-in-odela-2-article-109618821 | url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
===Filming===<br />
The [[principal photography]] began on 1 March 2024 at [[Varanasi district|Varanasi]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Tamannaah to star next in Odela 2 | website=The New Indian Express | date=2 March 2024 | url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2024/Mar/02/tamannaah-to-star-next-in-odela-2 | access-date=5 March 2024 | archive-date=4 March 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304073130/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2024/Mar/02/tamannaah-to-star-next-in-odela-2 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author=The Hindu Bureau | title=Tamannaah Bhatia joins 'Odela 2', shooting begins | website=The Hindu | date=1 March 2024 | url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/tamannaah-bhatia-joins-odela-2-shooting-begins/article67902890.ece | access-date=5 March 2024 | archive-date=2 March 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302033516/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/tamannaah-bhatia-joins-odela-2-shooting-begins/article67902890.ece | url-status=live }}</ref> In June, a major action sequence featuring Bhatia, who underwent rigorous training and rehearsals for the role, was filmed in [[Hyderabad]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adivi |first=Sashidhar |date=3 July 2024 |title=Tamannaah Bhatia Shooting Action Sequences For Odela 2 |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/telugu/tamannaah-bhatia-shooting-action-sequences-for-odela-2-article-111454934 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240729154843/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/telugu/tamannaah-bhatia-shooting-action-sequences-for-odela-2-article-111454934 |archive-date=29 July 2024 |access-date=29 July 2024 |website=Times Now}}</ref> In July, the climax was shot at a set of the Odela Mallanna temple created at [[Ramoji Film City]], featuring the main cast and 800 junior artists.<ref>{{cite web | last=Adivi | first=Sashidhar | title=Tamannaah Bhatia Carries Bonam On Her Head; Shooting For Climax Of Odela 2 With 800 Artists | website=Times Now | date=29 July 2024 | url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/telugu/tamannaah-bhatia-carries-bonam-on-her-head-shooting-for-climax-of-odela-2-with-800-artists-article-112103765 | access-date=29 July 2024 | archive-date=29 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240729120044/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/telugu/tamannaah-bhatia-carries-bonam-on-her-head-shooting-for-climax-of-odela-2-with-800-artists-article-112103765 | url-status=live }}</ref> Filming wrapped in October 2024, with post-production focusing on visual effects to enhance the supernatural elements.<ref>{{cite web | last=Hungama | first=Bollywood | title=Tamannaah Bhatia wraps up shooting for Odela 2, shares behind-the-scenes photo : Bollywood News | website=Bollywood Hungama | date=2024-10-09 | url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/south-cinema/tamannaah-bhatia-wraps-shooting-odela-2-shares-behind-scenes-photo/ | access-date=2025-04-21}}</ref> The [[Central Board of Film Certification]] (CBFC) granted the film an A rating due to its intense supernatural and violent content and has a runtime of 150 minutes.<ref>{{cite web | author=The TOI Entertainment Desk is a dynamic | title=Odela 2: Tamannaah Bhatia drops moments From 'Odela 2' promotions; Says "Forever grateful for this beautiful ride" | website=The Times of India | date=2025-04-17 | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/tamannaah-bhatia-drops-moments-from-odela-2-promotions-says-forever-grateful-for-this-beautiful-ride/articleshow/120368514.cms | access-date=2025-04-21}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Music==<br />
The film's soundtrack and background score were composed by [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]], known for his work on [[Kantara (film)|''Kantara'']]. The music complements the film's supernatural and spiritual themes, incorporating traditional Telugu folk elements and devotional motifs. The single "Yemulada Rajanna," featuring vocals by [[Aniruddha Sastry]] and lyrics by [[Sampath Nandi]], was released at a promotional event in Hyderabad, emphasizing the divine aura of Odela Mallanna Swamy. Another track, "Giya Giya Joy of Odela," was released post-launch, adding to the film's festive and cultural vibe.<br />
<br />
{{track listing<br />
| headline = Track listing<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| total_length = <br />
| title1 = Yemulada Rajanna<br />
| length1 = 3:32<br />
| lyrics1 = Sampath Nandi<br />
| music1 = [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]]<br />
| extra1 = [[Aniruddha Sastry]]<br />
| title2 = Giya Giya Joy of Odela<br />
| length2 = 4:28<br />
| lyrics2 = Suddala Ashok Teja<br />
| music2 = [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]]<br />
| extra2 = Sri Krishna<br />
}}<br />
Title Giya Giya (Hindi Version) Singer Sunil Anand<br />
<br />
== Marketing ==<br />
Promotional activities began with a first-look poster in March 2024, followed by a teaser launched at the Maha Kumbh Mela in Prayagraj on 22 February 2025, highlighting Bhatia's transformation into character.<ref>{{cite web | title=Tamannaah Bhatia unveils intense first look as Shiva devotee in Odela 2. See poster | website=The Indian Express | date=2024-03-08 | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/tamannaah-bhatia-unveils-intense-first-look-as-shiva-devotee-in-odela-2-see-poster-9203082/ | access-date=2025-04-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | author=The Hindu Bureau | title='Odela 2' teaser: Tamannaah Bhatia launches fierce promo at Maha Kumbh 2025 | website=The Hindu | date=2025-02-22 | url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/odela-2-teaser-tamannaah-bhatia-launches-fierce-promo-at-maha-kumbh-2025/article69250656.ece | access-date=2025-04-21}}</ref> A new poster featuring Bhatia's blood-soaked character was released on 22 March 2025, alongside the official release date announcement.<ref>{{cite web | last=India Today Entertainment Desk | title=Tamannaah Bhatia's Odela 2 locks April release, actors shares striking new poster | website=India Today | date=2025-03-22 | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/tamannaah-bhatia-odela-2-release-date-april-actor-announces-with-new-poster-2697351-2025-03-22 | access-date=2025-04-21}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Release ==<br />
''Odela 2'' was released on 17 April 2025. The film began streaming on [[Amazon Prime Video]] from 8 May 2025.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=8 May 2025 |title='Odela 2' OTT release: Tamannaah Bhatia's film to start streaming on THIS date |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/odela-2-ott-release-tamannaah-bhatias-film-to-start-streaming-on-this-date/articleshow/120985699.cms |work=Times of India|date=8 May 2025 }}</ref><br />
<br />
== Reception ==<br />
Paul Nicodemus of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave the film two and a half out of five stars, noting, "Tamannaah shines in an eerie but uneven spiritual thriller." He described it as a horror thriller with a captivating village atmosphere and strong performances, especially by [[Tamannaah Bhatia]], enhanced by [[Soundararajan]]'s moody cinematography. However, its impact fades due to a sluggish second half and reliance on familiar horror tropes.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Odela 2 Movie Review : Tamannaah shines in an eerie but uneven spiritual thriller |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/odela-2/movie-review/120376612.cms |access-date=2025-04-19 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Aditya Devulapally of ''[[Cinema Express]]'' rated the film one and a half out of five stars, stating, "A spiritual horror film that’s less horror, more havoc." He characterized it as a visually striking film with occasional effective VFX and intense moments from Tamannaah Bhatia and [[Vasishta N. Simha]]. Yet, its narrative coherence falters under Ashok Teja's direction, weighed down by a poorly structured script and excessive violence.<ref>{{cite web | last=Devulapally | first=Aditya | title=Odela 2 Movie Review: A spiritual horror film that's less horror, more havoc | website=Cinema Express | date=2025-04-17 | url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/review/2025/Apr/17/odela-2-movie-review-a-spiritual-horror-film-thats-less-horror-more-havoc | access-date=2025-04-21}}</ref><br />
<br />
Avinash Ramachandran of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' assigned the film two out of five stars, commenting, "Tamannaah Bhatia shoulders a shaky sequel that needed more sensitivity and sensibility." He outlined it as a supernatural thriller with an initially promising premise and strong early performance by Tamannaah Bhatia, undermined by repetitive, perverse violence. The film's lackluster narrative, thinly written characters, and reliance on [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]]’s overbearing score fail to maintain engagement under Ashok Teja’s direction.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-18 |title=Odela 2 Movie Review: Tamannaah Bhatia shoulders a shaky sequel that needed more sensitivity and sensibility |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/odela-2-movie-review-tamannaah-bhatia-shoulders-a-shaky-sequel-9950359/ |access-date=2025-04-19 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Srivathsan Nadadhur of ''[[The Hindu]]'' critiqued the film, observing, "Tamannaah Bhatia cannot salvage this outdated Telugu sequel." He viewed it as a supernatural thriller with visually engaging sequences, driven by Tamannaah Bhatia's presence and Ashok Teja's mythological focus. Still, its conventional narrative, underwritten characters, and overemphasis on gore curb its impact.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nadadhur |first=Srivathsan |date=2025-04-17 |title=Odela 2 movie review: Tamannaah Bhatia cannot salvage this outdated Telugu sequel |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/odela-2-movie-review-tamannaah-bhatia-cannot-salvage-this-outdated-sequel/article69460273.ece |access-date=2025-04-19 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
<br />
Sushmita Dey of ''[[Times Now]]'' gave the film two and a half out of five stars, stating, "Even Tamannaah Bhatia's Performance Can't Save This Underwhelming Supernatural Thriller." She depicted it as a visually appealing supernatural thriller with effective background music by Ajaneesh Loknath and a committed performance by Tamannaah Bhatia. However, its weak screenplay and slow pacing under Ashok Teja's direction lead to a lack of genuine thrills and emotional depth.<ref>{{cite web | last=Dey | first=Sushmita | title=Odela 2 Movie Review: Even Tamannaah Bhatia's Performance Can't Save This Underwhelming Supernatural Thriller | website=Times Now | date=2025-04-17 | url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/reviews/odela-2-movie-review-even-tamannaah-bhatias-performance-cant-save-this-underwhelming-supernatural-thriller-review-151443765 | access-date=2025-04-21}}</ref> Arjun Menon of ''[[Rediff.com]]'' rated the film one and a half out of five stars, noting, "Tamannaah Rises Above Campy Horror." He described it as a visually vibrant supernatural thriller, elevated by Tamannaah Bhatia's commanding performance and Soundararajan's dynamic cinematography. Yet, Ashok Teja's direction and a simplistic screenplay result in a loud, emotionally shallow narrative that fails to fulfill its pulpy ghost story potential.<ref>{{cite web | last=Menon | first=Arjun | title=Odela 2: Tamannaah Rises Above Campy Horror | website=Rediff | date=2025-04-18 | url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/review/odela-2-review/20250418.htm | access-date=2025-04-21}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* {{IMDb title|31529147}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2025 Telugu-language films]]<br />
[[Category:2025 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian supernatural thriller films]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Varanasi]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by B. Ajaneesh Loknath]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=AK-203&diff=450149AK-2032026-03-24T14:30:53Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Revised and enhanced article content</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Russian assault rifle}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox weapon<br />
| name = AK-203<br />
| image = File:IndianArmyAK203_1.jpg<br />
| image_size = 270px<br />
| caption = AK–203 assault rifle.<br />
| origin = [[Russia]]<br />
| type = [[Assault rifle]]<br />
| is_ranged = yes<br />
<!-- Service history --><br />
| service = <br />
| used_by = See ''[[AK-203#Users|Users]]''<br />
| wars = <br />
<!-- Production history --><br />
| designer = [[Mikhail Kalashnikov]]<br />
| design_date = 2007–2010<ref name="Onokoy">{{Cite magazine|last=Onokoy|first=Vlad|date=27 April 2019<br />
|title=Kalashnikov AK-203: The New Assault Rifle of the Indian Army|url=http://www.sadefensejournal.com/wp/kalashnikov-ak-203-the-new-assault-rifle-of-the-indian-army/|magazine=Small Arms Defense Journal|volume=11|issue=4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023083647/http://www.sadefensejournal.com/wp/kalashnikov-ak-203-the-new-assault-rifle-of-the-indian-army/ |archive-date=23 October 2021}}</ref><br />
| manufacturer = *[[Kalashnikov Concern]]<br />
*[[Indo-Russia Rifles]]<br />
| unit_cost = <br />
| production_date = 2022-Present<br />
| number = at least 53000 (as of Sept. 2025) total 670000 planned.<br />
| variants = <br />
<!-- General specifications --><br />
| spec_label = <br />
| weight = {{convert|3.8|kg|lb|1|abbr=on}}<ref name="ROE">{{Cite web|title=7.62mm Kalashnikov Assault Rifle AK203 {{!}} Catalog Rosoboronexport|url=http://roe.ru/eng/catalog/land-forces/strelkovoe-oruzhie/assault-rifles-/ak203/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022173902/https://roe.ru/eng/catalog/land-forces/strelkovoe-oruzhie/assault-rifles-/ak203/|archive-date=22 October 2021|access-date=22 Oct 2021 |website=roe.ru|publisher=[[Rosoboronexport]]}}</ref><br />
| length = {{convert|880-940|mm|in|abbr=on}} (stock extended)<br />
| part_length = {{convert|415|mm|in|abbr=on}}<br />
| width = <br />
| height = <br />
| diameter = <br />
| crew = <br />
<!-- Ranged weapon specifications --><br />
| cartridge = [[7.62×39mm]]<ref name="ROE" /><br />
| cartridge_weight = <br />
| caliber = 7.62mm<br />
| action = [[Gas-operated]], [[rotating bolt]]<br />
| rate = ~700 rounds/min<br />
| velocity = {{convert|715|m/s|0|abbr=on}}<br />
| range = {{convert|400-800|m|yd|abbr=on}}<ref name="ROE" /><br />(based on sight adjustments)<br />
| max_range = <br />
| feed = 30-round detachable [[box magazine]]<ref name="ROE" /><br />50-round detachable [[Casket magazine|quad-column magazine]]<br />
| sights = Adjustable [[iron sights]] or [[picatinny rail]]s for various optics<br />
| rifling = <br />
<!-- For all --><br />
| ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.kalashnikovgroup.ru/catalog/boevoe-strelkovoe-oruzhie/avtomaty/avtomat-kalashnikova-ak203|website=en.kalashnikovgroup.ru|publisher=Kalashnikov Group|title=Products >Defense products > Assault rifles > АК203|access-date=9 Sep 2024|archive-date=25 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325124240/https://en.kalashnikovgroup.ru/catalog/boevoe-strelkovoe-oruzhie/avtomaty/avtomat-kalashnikova-ak203|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''AK-203''' is a Russian [[Gas-operated reloading|gas-operated]] [[assault rifle]] designed to chamber the [[7.62×39mm]] cartridge.<ref name="ROE" /> It is one of the latest iterations of the AK series of assault rifles originally designed by [[Mikhail Kalashnikov]]. The AK-203 was developed in the 2010s by [[Kalashnikov Concern]] in [[Russia]], primarily operated by [[Indian Armed Forces]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
[[File:Indian soldier with AK and shield.png|thumb|Indian soldier with AK and shield]]<br />
In 2019, India and Russia signed an Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA). On 3 March the same year, the [[Prime Minister of India]] [[Narendra Modi]] inaugurated [[Indo-Russia Rifles]] in [[Uttar Pradesh|Korwa, Uttar Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=3 March 2019 |title='Made in Amethi' AK-203s to give security forces edge in fight against terror: PM Modi |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/made-in-amethi-ak-203s-to-give-forces-edge-in-fight-against-terror-pm-modi/articleshow/68243351.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719212934/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/made-in-amethi-ak-203s-to-give-forces-edge-in-fight-against-terror-pm-modi/articleshow/68243351.cms |archive-date=19 July 2019 |access-date=2019-07-09 |newspaper=The Times of India |language=en |agency=Ist}}</ref> The [[Joint Venture]] (JV), tasked for the production of [[AK-200]] rifle family, included partnership among India's [[Ordnance Factory Board]] and Russia's [[Rosoboronexport]] and [[Kalashnikov Concern]] under the parentship of [[Rostec]]. By then, the production of 750,000 rifles was approved.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rostec.ru/en/news/ak-203-production-kicks-off-in-india/|title=AK-203 Production Kicks-off in India|website= Rostec State Corporation|date= 4 March 2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
As of February 2020, the production, which was originally expected to commence in May that year, was delayed initially to 2020-end due to pricing disagreements. One of the objectives of the project was for India to have 100% indigenisation on the production of the rifles. However, this meant that initially, the domestically produced rifles would be 20–25% costlier than those imported from Russia. The production of rifles would begin only after the JV submits a "competitive" commercial bid.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indo-russian-joint-venture-for-amethi-rifles-factory-hits-hurdle/articleshow/73974065.cms |title=Indo-Russian joint venture for Amethi rifles factory hits hurdle |website=The Economic Times |date=6 February 2020 |last1=Pubby |first1=Manu}}</ref> Later, due to the travel bans during [[COVID-19 pandemic]], negotiations were further delayed and a fresh bid could not be submitted which meant the production would not begin in 2020.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/amethi-ak-203-factory-unlikely-to-start-operations-in-2020/articleshow/76183802.cms|title=Amethi AK-203 factory unlikely to start operations in 2020|website=The Economic Times|date=4 June 2020|last1=Pubby|first1=Manu}}</ref><br />
<br />
As of August 2021, Indian Air Force reportedly purchased 70,000 AK-103(Not ak 203) rifles from Russia. The deliveries would begin from within three months.<ref name="Siddiqui" /> The deal, worth around {{INRConvert|300|c|lk=on|year=2021|mode=historical}}, for the [[Indian Air Force]] as well as its [[Garud Commando Force]] under emergency procurement was signed by the Service in the third week of August 2021. The deliveries were to start within months.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2021-08-29 |title=Indian Air Force to replace INSAS rifles with new AK-103 weapons, details here |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indian-air-force-to-replace-insas-rifles-with-new-ak-103-weapons-details-here-101630205359171.html |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
In December 2021, India signed a {{INRConvert|5124|c|lk=|year=2021|mode=historical}}-worth contract<ref name=":02">{{Cite news |date=2021-12-06 |title=India, Russia conclude AK-203 deal, renew 10-yr pact for military cooperation |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-russia-conclude-ak-203-deal-renew-10-yr-pact-for-military-cooperation-101638796549322.html |access-date=2025-02-07 |work=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> with [[Kalashnikov Concern]] for the procurement of 601,427 rifles from IRRPL.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2022-01-05 |title=More firepower for soldiers! Indian Army to get lethal Assault Rifles – Know more |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-more-firepower-for-soldiers-indian-army-to-get-lethal-assault-rifles-know-more-2398988/ |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=The Financial Express |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Philip |first=Snehesh Alex |date=2023-01-17 |title=India & Russia begin joint manufacturing of AK 203 rifles in UP, might export them too |url=https://theprint.in/defence/india-russia-begin-joint-manufacturing-of-ak-203-rifles-in-up-might-export-them-too/1319147/ |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref> For the first batch of 70,000 rifles to be manufactured, the indigenous content would rise from 5% to 70%, while the remaining rifles would have 100% indigenous content. The full-scale production could be reached in 2–3 years.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Peri |first=Dinakar |date=2024-05-19 |title=Indo-Russian joint venture handed over 27,000 Ak-203 assault rifles to Indian Army |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/indo-russian-joint-venture-handed-over-27000-ak-203-assault-rifles-to-indian-army/article68193891.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520021021/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/indo-russian-joint-venture-handed-over-27000-ak-203-assault-rifles-to-indian-army/article68193891.ece |archive-date=20 May 2024 |access-date=2024-05-20 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Design==<br />
[[File:IndianArmyAK203 2.jpg|thumb|AK-203 rifle deployed by Indian Army with a single point [[sling]].]]<br />
The AK-203 is chambered for 7.62×39 and it uses AK-type magazines.<ref name="JDefexpo2022">{{Cite web |date=21 October 2022 |title=Defexpo 2022: India set to locally produce Russian AK-203 rifles |url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/defexpo-2022-india-set-to-locally-produce-russian-ak-203-rifles |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=Janes.com |language=en}}</ref> It weighs 3.8&nbsp;kg, and has a length of 690&nbsp;mm with the stock folded, or 930&nbsp;mm with it extended.<ref name="JDefexpo2022"/> <br />
<br />
Its rate of fire is 700 rounds per minute.<ref name="JDefexpo2022"/> Its polymer front housing free floating case has been accused of being difficult to handle according to combat footage from the Russo-Ukraine war. It has a birdcage type muzzle brake device for better handling of rifle and flatter trajectory of bullet.<br />
<br />
An individual AK-203 has 50 components and 180 sub-components and is built to fire at least 15,000 rounds in its life.<ref name=":4" /><br />
<br />
== Adoption ==<br />
<br />
=== India ===<br />
The AK-203, nicknamed ''Sher'',<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |date=2025-07-18 |title='Younger brother of BrahMos': Amethi's IRRPL to complete delivery of AK-203 rifles soon; eyes exports by 2030 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/younger-brother-of-brahmos-amethis-irrpl-to-complete-delivery-of-ak-203-rifles-soon-eyes-exports-by-2030/articleshow/122740812.cms |access-date=2025-07-18 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> is the fourth generation of [[standard-issue rifle]] of the [[Infantry of the Indian Army]] following — [[Lee–Enfield]] [[.303 British|.303]] [[bolt action rifle]] (in service 1947–mid-1960s),{{efn|Retired immediately after [[Sino-Indian War]].<ref name="IT" />}} [[L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle|L1A1 Self-Loading]] [[7.62 NATO]] [[semi-automatic rifle]] (in service 1961–1998)<ref name=":03">{{Cite book |last1=Johnston |first1=Gary Paul |title=The World's Assault Rifles |last2=Nelson |first2=Thomas B. |date=15 December 2016 |publisher=Ironside International Publishers, Inc. |isbn=9781619846012}}</ref>{{Efn|Adopted and [[Licensed production|license manufactured]] by [[Ordnance Factory Board]] post Sino-Indo War and retired with the induction of [[AK-47]] derivatives and [[INSAS]].<ref name="IT" />}} and [[INSAS]] [[5.56×45mm NATO|5.56]] [[assault rifle]] (in service since 1994 and being replaced).<ref name=":3" /> While the L1A1 was outdated by the 1980s but the INSAS was still under development, multiple derivatives of [[AK-47]] were adopted, starting with around 12,000 Soviet-origin AK-47 (produced by the [[Izhmash]]) captured from insurgents, followed by purchasing the Czech-origin [[Vz. 58]], Bulgarian-origin [[AR-M1]] from [[Arsenal AD]].<ref name="IT">{{cite news |last=Unnithan |first=Sandeep |date=30 December 2013 |title=Why General Kalashnikov couldn't sell the AK in India |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/why-general-kalashnikov-couldnt-sell-the-ak-47-in-india-222396-2013-12-30 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210326125239/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/why-general-kalashnikov-couldnt-sell-the-ak-47-in-india-222396-2013-12-30 |archive-date=26 March 2021 |access-date=4 September 2022 |work=India Today |location=New Delhi}}</ref><br />
<br />
The AK-203 is produced in India by [[Indo-Russia Rifles]] Private Limited (IRRPL) at an {{Convert|8.5|acre|m2|abbr=on}}-facility at [[Korwa Ordnance Factory]] in [[Amethi district|Amethi]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]. The company has 50.5% Indian ownership and 49.5% Russian ownership.<ref name=":4" /><br />
<br />
==== 2022 ====<br />
On 25 January 2022, Russia supplied the first batch of 70,000 AK-103(Not ak203) rifles to the [[Indian Air Force]]. Meanwhile, the rest of the 600,000 rifles that are to be produced by [[Indo-Russia Rifles]] in India under [[technology transfer]] will be used by the Indian Army.<ref name="ETI">{{Cite news |date=2022-01-25 |title=AK 203 deal: Initial batch of 70,000 rifles delivered to armed forces by Russia |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/ak-203-deal-initial-batch-of-70000-rifles-delivered-to-armed-forces-by-russia/articleshow/89102009.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-12-19 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref> The IAF deal was signed in August 2021 with deliveries to start within months.<ref name=":6" /><br />
<br />
==== 2023–24 ====<br />
The production of the rifles in India began in January 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India launches production of AK-203 Kalashnikov assault rifles — Rosoboronexport |url=https://tass.com/defense/1563239 |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=TASS}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> On 3 February 2023, Alexander Mikheev, director general of Rosoboronexport, announced that the first batch of AK-203s were completed at Amethi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indo-Russian venture completes production of AK-203 first batch |url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-russian-venture-completes-production-of-ak-203-first-batch |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=Janes.com |date=3 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref> On 12 October 2023, it was reported that Kalashnikov Concern completed shipment of machinery and tools for India to manufacture AK-203s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-12 |title=Kalashnikov Completes Delivery of Tools to India for AK-203 Production - |url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2023/10/12/kalashnikov-completes-delivery-tools-india-ak-203-production/ |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=The Firearm Blog |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
<br />
On 5 July 2024, [[Rostec]] announced that Indo-Russia Rifles Pvt. Ltd. (IRRPL) had delivered 35,000 rifles to the Indian Army.<ref>{{cite web | last=Peri | first=Dinakar | title=Indo-Russian joint venture has delivered 35,000 AK-203 assault rifles to MoD: Rostec | website=The Hindu | date=2024-07-05 | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/indo-russian-joint-venture-has-delivered-35000-ak-203-assault-rifles-to-mod-rostec/article68370257.ece | access-date=2024-07-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-08 |title=Indian, Russian joint venture delivers 35,000 AK-203s to Indian Army |url=https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/industry/indian-russian-joint-venture-delivers-35000-ak-203s-to-indian-army |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250714121311/https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/industry/indian-russian-joint-venture-delivers-35000-ak-203s-to-indian-army |archive-date=2025-07-14 |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=Janes |language=en}}</ref> As of then, the rifles had an indigenous content of 25%. The deliveries were completed in batches of 27,000 rifles on 20 May and 8,000 rifles on 5 July.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Philip |first=Snehesh Alex |date=2024-07-05 |title=Ahead of Modi's visit to Moscow, Indo-Russia venture delivers 33K AK-203 rifles to Army |url=https://theprint.in/defence/ahead-of-modis-visit-to-moscow-indo-russia-venture-delivers-33k-ak-203-rifles-to-army/2161474/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240831121435/https://theprint.in/defence/ahead-of-modis-visit-to-moscow-indo-russia-venture-delivers-33k-ak-203-rifles-to-army/2161474/ |archive-date=31 August 2024 |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref><br />
<br />
==== 2025 ====<br />
As of February, IRRPL expects to deliver 70,000 and 100,000 rifles to the Army in 2025 and 2026, respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-06 |title=India to receive 4th squadron of Russian S-400 air defence system by year-end |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/india-to-receive-4th-squadron-of-russian-made-s-400-air-defence-system-by-year-end-2675492-2025-02-06 |access-date=2025-07-14 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
As of 17 July, 48,000 rifles were delivered to the Indian Army with an additional batch of 7,000 units to be delivered within the next 2–3 weeks. Meanwhile, the Indian produced rifles has achieved an indigenous content of 50% while the same of 70% and 100% is expected to be achieved by October<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Shivani |date=2025-09-09 |title=Army receives 5,000 more AK-203 rifles from Amethi plant |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/army-receives-5000-more-ak-203-rifles-from-amethi-plant-2784650-2025-09-09 |access-date=2025-09-10 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> and December, respectively.<ref name=":5" /> <br />
<br />
The first batch of fully indigenised 15,000 rifles are to be delivered in December. Following the complete indigenisation, the rifle will be rebranded as ''Sher'' and production rate will rise to 12,000 units monthly which equates to a unit every 100 seconds or about 150,000 units annually.<ref name=":5" /> The deliveries are expected to be executed by December 2030 ahead of the contract schedule of October 2032. By now, the Indian Army has started phasing out the standard issue INSAS rifles.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /><br />
<br />
Further, the Indian manufacturing facility currently employs 260 personnel, including permanent Russian experts, which is planned to be expanded to 537 personnel, which would include 90% Indians. The company also received 100% of technology and its testing has also been indigenised against the earlier practice of the parts to be approved from Russia.<ref name=":4" /> <br />
<br />
So far, 60 critical components have been indigenised which are supplied by vendors pan-India and then assembled and tested in India. All the components have an alternate Indian supplier already.<ref name=":4" /><br />
<br />
On 9 September, 5,000 units were delivered to the Indian Army following trials under the supervision of a team representing the Director General of Quality Assurance (DGQA) in August.<ref name=":5" /><br />
<br />
=== Export ===<br />
In an interview with Maria Vorobieva, Director of Kalashnikov Concern's Public Relations Department in October 2021, she said that some Asian nations, including those from the [[Commonwealth of Independent States]] (CIS), are interested in acquiring the AK-203.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Russian AK203 Assault Rifle in Use with C.I.S., Asian Nations |url=https://www.defensemirror.com/news/30619/Russian_AK203_Assault_Rifle_in_Use_with_C_I_S___Asian_Nations |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=www.defensemirror.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
On September 25, 2024, it was revealed that following the sanctions imposed on Russia, several Middle Eastern and African countries were reported to have enquired with IRRPL regarding export of the rifle.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-25 |title=Indian-made AK-203 rifles draw increased interest from Africa, Middle East |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/indian-made-ak-203-rifles-draw-increased-interest-from-africa-middle-east-2605978-2024-09-25 |access-date=2024-09-25 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
In April 2025, it was reported that the [[Kerala Police]] are looking at procuring the AK-203 with proposals to export it to Nepal.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/defence/kerala-police-has-its-eyes-on-indo-russian-ak-203-set-to-be-first-police-force-to-procure-it/2591907/|title=Kerala Police has its eyes on Indo-Russian AK-203, set to be first police force to procure it|date=2025-04-16|publisher=The Print|author=Javaria Rana}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Users==<br />
<!--READ FIRST: This section is for cited entries only. Please do not add entries into this list without a citation from a reliable source. All entries without a citation will be removed. Thank you.--><br />
<br />
* {{flag|India}}: Total 670,000 rifles planned for the [[Indian Army]] and the [[Indian Air Force]].<ref name="Siddiqui">{{Cite news|last=Siddiqui|first=Huma|date=2021-08-23|title=Indian Army to buy AK-203 off the shelf from Russia|work=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]]|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/indian-army-to-buy-ak-203-off-the-shelf-from-russia/2315875/|access-date=2021-10-22}}</ref><br />
** Indian Army: Total 53,000 delivered as of September 2025<ref name=":5" /> with 601,427 units on order.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2025-07-17 |title=Army to get 7,000 more 'Made in Amethi' AK-203 rifles in 2-3 weeks |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/indian-army-kalashnikov-ak-203-rifles-delivery-amethi-plant-insas-rifles-2757148-2025-07-17 |access-date=2025-07-17 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><br />
** Indian Air Force(ak-103): 70,000 ak-103 (NOT ak-203) delivered directly from Russia from January 2022.<ref name="ETI" /> Contract was signed in August 2021.<ref name="Siddiqui" /><ref name=":6" /><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[AK-100 (rifle family)]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{AK47 derivatives}}<br />
<br />
{{commons category}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 2022]]<br />
[[Category:7.62×39mm assault rifles]]<br />
[[Category:Kalashnikov Concern products]]<br />
[[Category:Kalashnikov derivatives]]<br />
[[Category:Assault rifles of Russia]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Jengaburu_Curse&diff=540559The Jengaburu Curse2026-03-22T05:32:39Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Cli-fi series on Sony LIV}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2023}}<br />
{{Infobox television<br />
| image = JengaBuru-Poster.jpg<br />
| genre = [[Climate fiction]]<br />
| creator = Nila Madhab Panda<br />
| director = [[Nila Madhab Panda]]<br />
| producer = Indranil Chakraborty<br />
| writer = Nila Madhab Panda <br>Mayank Tewari<br />
| starring = {{plainlist|<br />
* [[Faria Abdullah]]<br />
* [[Nassar (actor)|M Nassar]]<br />
* [[Makrand Deshpande]] <br />
* [[Sudev Nair]]<br />
}}<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Hindi<br />
| num_seasons = 1<br />
| num_episodes = 7<br />
| editor = Jabeen Merchant<br />
| cinematography = Paulo Perez<br />
| runtime = 46 minutes<br />
| network = [[SonyLIV]]<br />
| music = [[Alokananda Dasgupta]]<br />
| company = [[Sony Pictures Networks#Studio NEXT|Studio NEXT]]<br />
| composer = <br />
| first_aired = <br />
| last_aired = <br />
| released = {{Start date|2023|08|09|df=y}}<br />
}}<br />
'''''The Jengaburu Curse''''' is a 2023 Indian [[climate fiction]] series streaming on [[SonyLIV]].<ref>{{cite news | agency=Pragativadi News Service |title=CM Naveen meets crew members of upcoming Hindi web series 'Jengaburu: A Billion Dollar Curse' |url=https://pragativadi.com/cm-naveen-meets-crew-members-of-upcoming-hindi-web-series-jengaburu-a-billion-dollar-curse/ |access-date=27 June 2023 |work=[[Pragativadi]] |date=9 December 2022 |archive-date=27 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627124025/https://pragativadi.com/cm-naveen-meets-crew-members-of-upcoming-hindi-web-series-jengaburu-a-billion-dollar-curse/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The series is directed by [[Nila Madhab Panda]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Nila Madhab Panda's cli-fi series 'The Jengaburu Curse' to stream on SonyLIV |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/nila-madhab-pandas-cli-fi-series-the-jengaburu-curse-to-stream-on-sonyliv/article67075332.ece |access-date=14 July 2023 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=13 July 2023 |language=en-IN |archive-date=15 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715103353/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/nila-madhab-pandas-cli-fi-series-the-jengaburu-curse-to-stream-on-sonyliv/article67075332.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=I want to capture the beauty of Odisha for the big screen: Nila Madhab Panda |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/i-want-to-capture-the-beauty-of-odisha-for-the-big-screen-nila-madhab-panda/articleshow/96197509.cms |access-date=27 June 2023 |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=13 December 2022 |archive-date=27 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627131053/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/i-want-to-capture-the-beauty-of-odisha-for-the-big-screen-nila-madhab-panda/articleshow/96197509.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> shot by DOP Paulo Perez, and produced by the [[Sony Pictures Networks#Studio NEXT|Studio NEXT]] division of [[Culver Max Entertainment|Culver Max Entertainment Private Limited]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Hansal Mehta, Onir, Sudhir Mishra, Karthik Subbaraj to helm new OTT projects |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/news/hindi/hansal-mehta-onir-sudhir-mishra-karthik-subbaraj-to-helm-new-ott-projects/articleshow/92314201.cms |access-date=27 June 2023 |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=19 June 2022 |archive-date=27 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627124022/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/news/hindi/hansal-mehta-onir-sudhir-mishra-karthik-subbaraj-to-helm-new-ott-projects/articleshow/92314201.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
It features [[Faria Abdullah]], [[Nassar (actor)|M Nassar]], [[Makarand Deshpande|Makrand Deshpande]], Deepak Sampat, and [[Sudev Nair]] in lead roles, along with Melanie Gray, Charlie Allen, Sabrina Nabi, and Mark Adams.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Das |first1=Rashmi Rekha |title='Jengaburu' web-series on nuclear power to be shot in Odisha; lead actors M Nassar, Faria react |url=https://odishatv.in/news/entertainment/-jengaburu-web-series-on-nuclear-power-to-be-shot-in-odisha-lead-actors-m-nassar-faria-react-191965 |access-date=27 June 2023 |work=[[Odisha TV]] |language=en |archive-date=27 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627124225/https://odishatv.in/news/entertainment/-jengaburu-web-series-on-nuclear-power-to-be-shot-in-odisha-lead-actors-m-nassar-faria-react-191965 |url-status=live }}</ref> The series is shot in [[Odisha]] and [[London]].<br />
<br />
The series was launched on 9 August 2023 on SonyLIV. <ref>{{cite news |title=The Jengaburu Curse trailer: Nila Madhab's cli-fi series to stream from THIS date |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/nila-madhab-panda-the-jengaburu-curse-stream-on-sony-liv-august-9-nasser-makrand-deshpande-climate-fiction-series-2405975-2023-07-13 |access-date=13 July 2023 |work=[[India Today]] |language=en |archive-date=2023-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715103824/https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/nila-madhab-panda-the-jengaburu-curse-stream-on-sony-liv-august-9-nasser-makrand-deshpande-climate-fiction-series-2405975-2023-07-13 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Kadvi Hawa director Nila Madhab Panda to make OTT debut with The Jengaburu Curse, watch trailer |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/kadvi-hawa-director-nila-madhab-panda-to-make-ott-debut-with-the-jengaburu-curse-watch-trailer-8834444/ |access-date=14 July 2023 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=13 July 2023 |language=en |archive-date=15 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715120021/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/kadvi-hawa-director-nila-madhab-panda-to-make-ott-debut-with-the-jengaburu-curse-watch-trailer-8834444/ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Synopsis==<br />
The show is a climate fiction thriller that delves into the exploitation of natural resources for mankind's never-ending needs, resulting in harmful consequences. A sudden call brings Priya, a financial analyst from London, back to Odisha. A series of strange events follow as she sets out on the hunt for her missing father, Prof. Das, an activist jailed for 3 years for siding with an indigenous tribe ''Bondria(fictional)'' from [[Kendujhar district]] Odisha. In the backdrop of [[bauxite mining]], displaced tribals, and a missing father, Priya finds connections between [[London]], [[Pyongyang]] and the mining state of [[Odisha]] and a very unethical nexus between [[Police]], [[Bureaucracy]], [[Corporation]], [[White-collar crime]] and [[Juche]].<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
* [[Faria Abdullah]] as Priyamvada Das "Priya"<br />
* [[Sudev Nair]] as Dhruv Kanan [[Indian Administrative Service |IAS]]<br />
* [[Nassar (actor)|M Nassar]] as Ravichandran Rao / Dr.Jayanth Subramanyam <br />
* [[Makrand Deshpande]] as Dr. Panigrahi<br />
* Deepak Sampat as Kadey<br />
* Melanie Gray as Beatrice<br />
* R. Bhakti Klein as Special Officer Henry Stout<br />
* Aarya Bhatta as Prabal Banerjee<br />
* R Badree as Srinivas<br />
* Shrikant Verma as ACP Padhi<br />
* Hitesh Yogesh Dave as CM Tigga<br />
* [[Manini Mishra|Maninee De]] as Lata Panigrahi<br />
* Pavitra Sarkar as Professor Das<br />
* Sukumar Tudu as Ram Kumar<br />
* Satya Ranjan as Tobu<br />
* Tushar Acharya as Nattu<br />
<br />
==Episodes==<br />
===Episodic Synopsis===<br />
'''Episode 1: Homecoming'''<br />
<br />
Priya Das rushes back to India from London after learning of the disappearance of Prof. Das, her father. Ravichandran Rao escorts her to identify a corpse, which she recognizes as not her father. However, she discovers that it’s not just Prof. Das; her entire tribe has gone missing.<br />
<br />
'''Episode 2: Missing People'''<br />
<br />
Following Man Singh's tragic death, Priya discovers an unexpected clue in a few medical files belonging to Prof. Das. The documents indicate an outbreak of a mysterious illness in the Keonjhar district, with Jengaburu being the epicenter.<br />
<br />
'''Episode 3: Dying Or Disappearing'''<br />
<br />
After Prof. Das’s death, a grieving Priya is urged to leave Odisha immediately following her father’s funeral rites. But a question persists in her mind; what was her Baba investigating?<br />
<br />
'''Episode 4: Where Do They Exist?'''<br />
<br />
Priya, driven by her quest to investigate further, does not return to London and secretly joins forces with Beatrice. Together, they investigate the suspicious funding Dutta Mines received while suffering huge losses. Can they get to the bottom of these fraudulent activities?<br />
<br />
'''Episode 5: Billion Dollar Curse'''<br />
<br />
Amidst the puzzling death of a journalist and the ongoing money flow at Dutta Mines, Priya comes across a strange rock that she tries to get lab tested, which puts her life in grave danger. Can she find out the true secret of the rock?<br />
<br />
'''Episode 6: Final Delivery'''<br />
<br />
The authorities are on the hunt for Priya. She seeks refuge in the forest, where she learns there will be a delivery from the Mines. Will she find out more about the mystery?<br />
<br />
'''Episode 7: The Red Mountain'''<br />
<br />
The international funding for Dutta Mines leads to a London-based billionaire. As Priya and her Bondria allies try to make their way into the mines, the legend of Tamba Nagraj comes to life. They came to know that uranium lies under the mountains and Dutta Mines were trying to supply enriched uranium to North Korea. Finally, with the help of army, they succeeded to stop the delivery.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Niyamgiri]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IMDb title|tt27327718}}<br />
* [https://www.jiotv.com/tv-shows/the-jengaburu-curse--hindi-/3ce4536e445a57c68d0e459bfa2028e2 The Jengaburu curse] at Jio TV<br />
* [https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/the-jengaburu-curse-hindi-1700001260 The Jengaburu curse] at SonyLiv<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jengaburu Curse, The}}<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language web series]]<br />
[[Category:2023 Indian television series debuts]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]<br />
[[Category:SonyLIV original programming]]<br />
[[Category:Television series by Sony Pictures Television]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_West_Bengal&diff=455751Economy of West Bengal2026-03-22T04:37:28Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: further rework information for accuracy also and fixed typos</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Emerging Economy In India}}<br />
{{protection padlock|small=yes}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}<br />
{{Infobox economy<br />
| country = West Bengal<br />
| image = [[File:MIGHTY_CHERRY_NEWTOWN_1.jpg|frameless|300px]]<br />
| image_size = 343px<br />
| caption = [[Kolkata]], the financial centre and capital of [[West Bengal]]<br />
| year = 1 April – 31 March<br />
| currency = [[Indian Rupee]] (INR, ₹)<br />
| organs = As part of the [[India|Union of India]], as in [[G4 nations|G4]], [[G-20 major economies|G-20]], [[BRICS]], [[World Trade Organization|WTO]], [[World Customs Organization|WCO]], [[South Asian Free Trade Area|SAFTA]], [[BIMSTEC]], [[World Federation of Trade Unions|WFTU]], [[Bank for International Settlements|BIS]], [[Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank|AIIB]], [[Asian Development Bank|ADB]] and others<br />
| group = {{plainlist|<br />
*[[Developing country|Developing/emerging]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2020/01/weodata/groups.htm |title=World Economic and Financial Surveys World Economic Outlook Database—WEO Groups and Aggregates Information April 2020 |website=IMF.org |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |access-date=2 September 2020}}</ref><br />
*Lower-middle income economy<ref>{{cite web |url=https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups |title=World Bank Country and Lending Groups |publisher=[[World Bank]] |access-date=29 September 2019}}</ref>}}<br />
| population = {{increase}} 91,347,736 (2011 census) <br />
<br>{{increaseNeutral}} 106,031,000 (2026 est.) <ref>{{Cite web |title=MoHFW Projections |url=https://main.mohfw.gov.in/sites/default/files/Population%20Projection%20Report%202011-2036%20-%20upload_compressed_0.pdf |access-date=2024-06-16}}</ref><br />
| gdp = {{increase}} {{INRConvert|22.78|lc}} (2026-27 FY est.)<br>{{increase}}{{INRConvert|102.3|lc}} (GDP PPP) (2026-27 FY est.)<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Bengal Budget Analysis 2025-26 |url=https://prsindia.org/budgets/states/west-bengal-budget-analysis-2025-26 |access-date=2025-03-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://finance.wb.gov.in/writereaddata/Fiscal_Policy/FRBM26_Part1.pdf}}</ref><br />
| gdp rank = [[List of Indian states and union territories by GDP|6th]]<br />
| growth = {{Increase}} 11.85% (Nominal) (2025-26 FY) <br /> {{Increase}} 8.62% (Real) (2025-2026 FY)<ref name=PRS25-26>{{cite web|url=https://prsindia.org/budgets/states/west-bengal-budget-analysis-2025-26 |title=West Bengal Budget Analysis 2025-26 |work=PRS Legislative Research |date=2025-03-15 |access-date=2025-03-15}}</ref><br />
| per capita = {{increase}} {{INRConvert|214877|lk=r}} (2026-2027 FY)<ref name="MoSPI">{{cite web |title=GSVA/NSVA by Economic Activities |url=https://mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/press_releases_statements/GSVA_NSVA_Economic_Activity/WestBengal_16082024.xlsx |website=MoSPI |access-date=16 August 2024 |location=Delhi |date=16 August 2024}}</ref><br />
| per capita rank = {{plainlist| *[[List of Indian states and union territories by GDP per capita|21st]]}}<br />
| sectors = {{decrease}} Agriculture: 17.13% <br /> {{increase}} Industry: 29.77% <br /> {{increase}} Services: 53.10% <br />(2026–27)<ref name="WBBudget2026">{{cite report |author=Department of Finance |title=Budget Speech 2026-2027 (English) |url=https://finance.wb.gov.in/writereaddata/Budget_Speech/2026-2027_English_I.pdf |publisher=Government of West Bengal |date=2026 |access-date=February 19, 2026}}</ref><br />
| components = <br />
| poverty = {{decreasepositive}} 8.60% [[List of Indian states and union territories by poverty rate|15th]] in poverty (2022-23)<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 January 2024 |title=Multidimensional Poverty in India Since 2005-06 |url=https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2024-01/MPI-22_NITI-Aayog20254.pdf |website=[[Niti Aayog]]}}</ref><br />
| inflation = {{decreasepositive}} 3.63% (June, 2025 FY)<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 2024 |title=Statewise Inflation Rates (%) for August 2024 (based on CPI) |url=https://www.mospi.gov.in/dataviz-cpi-map|website=MoSPI}}</ref><br />
| bankrate = <br />
| hdi = {{increase}} 0.674 (2023) {{color|orange|medium}} <ref>{{cite web |title=Human Development |url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/IND/?levels=1+4&interpolation=0&extrapolation=0 |access-date=9 November 2025}}</ref><br />
| labor = <br />
| occupations = <br />
| unemployment = 3.4% (2021-22)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dge.gov.in/dge/sites/default/files/2023-07/Employment_Indicators_in_India_since_2017-18_to_2021-22.pdf |title=Employment Indicators in India 2021-22 |work=Directorate of Employment |access-date=2024-06-11}}</ref><br />
| average gross salary = <br />
| gross median = <br />
| average net salary = <br />
| net median = <br />
| industries = [[Mining]] • [[Steel]] • [[IT]] • [[Financial services]] • [[Manufacturing]] • [[Tourism in West Bengal|Tourism]] • [[Chemicals]] • [[Leather]] • [[Tea]] • [[Food processing]] • [[Textiles]] • [[Cement]] • [[Jute]] • [[Jewellery]] • [[Marine]]<br />
| exports = {{Increase}} {{INRConvert|147259|c}} (2025-26 FY) <br>''' • Software exports''' : <br>{{Increase}} {{INRConvert|40000|c}} (2025-26) <ref name="TOI_BengalIT2026">{{cite news |last=Gangopadhyay |first=Sarthak |date=January 17, 2026 |title=Bengal IT sector poised for major expansion with Rs 30,000cr investment lined up |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/bengal-it-sector-poised-for-major-expansion-with-rs-30000cr-investment-lined-up/articleshow/126590636.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=February 15, 2026}}</ref><br> '''• Merchandise exports''' :<br>{{Increase}} {{INRConvert|107259|c}} (2025-26) <ref>{{cite web|url=https://dashboard.commerce.gov.in/commercedashboard.aspx |title=Import-Export Dashboard |work=Ministry of Commerce}}</ref><br />
| export-goods = IT<ref>{{cite news<br />
|title=West Bengal's IT exports surge to ₹35,000 crores<br />
|newspaper=Ainvest<br />
|date=18 July 2025<br />
|url=https://www.ainvest.com/news/west-bengal-exports-surge-35-000-crores-bengal-silicon-valley-project-progresses-42-companies-onboard-2507/<br />
}}</ref> • metro rolling stock<ref>{{cite news<br />
|title=Titagarh Rail Systems expects rapid growth in passenger rail business<br />
|newspaper=The Times of India<br />
|date=19 June 2025 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/titagarh-rail-systems-expects-rapid-growth-in-passenger-rail-business/articleshow/121939334.cms<br />
}}</ref> • warships<ref>{{cite web<br />
|title=Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers—Recent Export Orders<br />
|publisher=Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers<br />
|access-date=6 September 2025<br />
|url=https://grse.in/about-us/index.php<br />
}}</ref> • gold products • tea • iron and steel • precious metals • marine products • rice • textile products • agricultural products • coal • petrochemicals • leather products • jute • heavy machinery<br />
| export-partners = {{Tree list}}<br />
* {{flag|ASEAN}} 39%<ref>{{cite web |title=West Bengal exports significantly to Asian markets, with ASEAN countries accounting for about 39% of the state's total exports|url=https://www.ibef.org/states/west-bengal |website=India Brand Equity Foundation (IBEF) |access-date=8 March 2026}}</ref><br />
* {{flag|Bangladesh}} 17.4%<ref>{{cite web <br />
|title=Bangladesh remains West Bengal’s second largest export partner |url=https://indiaseatradenews.com/bangladesh-remains-west-bengals-largest-export-partner/ <br />
|website=India Seatrade News <br />
|date=24 November 2023 <br />
|access-date=22 March 2026 <br />
}}</ref><br />
* {{flag|European Union}} 13%<ref>{{cite web |title=West Bengal’s exports to the European Union have crossed ₹20,000 crore, driven largely by growth in software, agricultural and leather exports |url=https://wbidc.com/home/export |website=West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation (Government of West Bengal) |access-date=8 March 2026}}</ref><br />
* {{flag|USA}} 12.3%<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump's 50% tariff hits Bengal: Rs 18,000 crore exports at stake; engineering, shrimps and leather to be worst-hit |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/trumps-50-tariff-hits-bengal-rs-17000-crore-exports-at-stake-engineering-shrimps-and-leather-to-be-worst-hit/articleshow/123554427.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=8 March 2026}}</ref><br />
* {{flag|UAE}} 9%<ref>{{cite news |title=West Bengal exports to the United Arab Emirates stood at around US$1.49 billion in 2022–23|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/mamata-banerjee-meets-uae-minister-of-state-for-foreign-trade-lulu-group-international-officials/cid/1968304 |work=The Telegraph |access-date=8 March 2026}}</ref><br />
* {{flag|Nepal}} 2.9%<br />
* {{flag|Bhutan}} 2.6%<br />
and others 3.8%<br />
{{Tree list/end}}<br />
| imports = <br />
| import-goods = <br />
| import-partners = <br />
| current account = <br />
| gross external debt = <br />
| niip = <br />
| debt = {{decreasepositive}} 37.98% of GSDP (2026–27 est.)<ref name="WBBudget2026">{{cite report |author=Department of Finance |title=Budget Speech 2026-2027 (English) |url=https://finance.wb.gov.in/writereaddata/Budget_Speech/2026-2027_English_I.pdf |publisher=Government of West Bengal |date=2026 |access-date=February 19, 2026}}</ref><br />
| balance = {{decreasepositive}} {{INRConvert|-74532|c}} (3.4% of GSDP) (2026–27 est.)<ref name="WBBudget2026">{{cite report |author=Department of Finance |title=Budget Speech 2026-2027 (English) |url=https://finance.wb.gov.in/writereaddata/Budget_Speech/2026-2027_English_I.pdf |publisher=Government of West Bengal |date=2026 |access-date=February 19, 2026}}</ref><br />
| revenue = {{increasePositive}} {{INRConvert|2.88|lc}} (2026–27 est.)<ref name="WBBudget2026">{{cite report |author=Department of Finance |title=Budget Speech 2026-2027 (English) |url=https://finance.wb.gov.in/writereaddata/Budget_Speech/2026-2027_English_I.pdf |publisher=Government of West Bengal |date=2026 |access-date=February 19, 2026}}</ref><br />
| expenses = {{decreasepositive}} {{INRConvert|3.07|lc}} (2026–27 est.)<ref name="WBBudget2026">{{cite report |author=Department of Finance |title=Budget Speech 2026-2027 (English) |url=https://finance.wb.gov.in/writereaddata/Budget_Speech/2026-2027_English_I.pdf |publisher=Government of West Bengal |date=2026 |access-date=February 19, 2026}}</ref><br />
| aid = <br />
| credit = <br />
| spelling = Oxford<br />
| gini = {{steady}} 0.25 (2023-24) {{color|green|low}} <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2024-07/SDA_INDIA.pdf |title=NITI Aayog SDG Report |work=NITI Aayog}}</ref><br />
| FDI = {{INRConvert|13945.50|c}} <br/> (Oct 2019 - Dec 2024) <ref>{{cite web|url=https://dpiit.gov.in/sites/default/files/FDI%20Factsheet%20December_2024.pdf |title=FDI Factsheet |work=DPIIT}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
The '''economy of West Bengal''' is a [[Mixed economy|mixed]] middle-income developing social market economy and the largest [[East India|Eastern Indian]] economy with a substantial [[Public sector undertakings in India|public sector]]. It is India's sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP and contributes to about 6.15% of India's total GDP.<br />
<br />
[[West Bengal]] is the primary business and financial hub of [[East India|Eastern India]]. The state is primarily dependent on agriculture and medium-sized [[Industry (manufacturing)|industry]]. West Bengal has [[jute]] and [[tea]] industry. West Bengal is rich in minerals like [[coal]], [[limestone]], [[iron ore]], [[copper]], [[lead]] and [[zinc]].<br />
<br />
Since the independence of India, The [[Green Revolution]] bypassed the state. However, there has been a significant spurt in food production since the 1980s.<ref name="hdrchap1">{{cite book|url= http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/west-bengal-human-development-report-2004 |title=West Bengal Human Development Report 2004 |publisher=Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal |isbn=81-7955-030-3 |date=May 2004 |access-date=2021-07-11}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Agriculture and livestock==<br />
{{Pie chart|value1=17.13|value2=29.77|value3=53.10|color1=#33A02C|color2=#1F78B4|color3=#E31A1C|label1=Agriculture|label2=Industry|label3=Services|caption='''Contribution of various sectors to GDP (2025-26)'''}}<br />
Agriculture accounts for the largest share of the labour force. It contributed around 17.13% to the gross state domestic product (GSDP) in 2024–25. A plurality of the state's population are peasant farmers.<br />
<br />
===Major produce===<br />
[[Rice]] and [[potato]] are considered to be the principal food crops. The state is the largest source of the important food crop of rice, a staple diet across [[India]], with an annual output of around 16.76&nbsp;million tonnes (about 13% of total production in India) in FY 2021–22, and the second-largest producer of [[potatoes]] in India with an average annual output of 12 million tonnes (about 20% of total production in India) in FY 21–22.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Department of Agriculture and Farmer's Welfare |url=https://agriwelfare.gov.in/Documents/CWWGDATA/Agricultural_Statistics_at_a_Glance_2022_0.pdf}}</ref> [[West Bengal]] is also the second-largest fish producing state in India after [[Andhra Pradesh]] with an annual production of 20.45 lakh tonnes.<ref>{{cite web |title=Department of Fisheries |url=https://dof.gov.in/sites/default/files/2024-03/handbook_sp.pdf |access-date=26 May 2024 }}</ref>{{rp|16}}<br />
<br />
Apart from these, jute, sugarcane and wheat are the top crops of the state.<ref name="ibef2011">{{cite web |title=Ministry of Roads |url=https://morth.nic.in/sites/default/files/Basic%20Road%20Statistics%20in%20India-2018-19.pdf |access-date=24 May 2024 }}</ref>{{rp|14}} Other major food crops include maize, [[pulses]], [[oil seed]]s, wheat, [[barley]], and vegetables. Tea is another important cash crop. [[Darjeeling]] is globally recognised for tea plantation of the acclaimed [[Darjeeling tea]] variety.<br />
<br />
Below is a table of 2019 national output share of select agricultural crops and allied segments in West Bengal based on 2011 prices.<ref>[https://mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/publication_reports/Agr_forestry-fishingBrochure%202022.pdf 2019 agricultural output of West Bengal based on the 2011 prices]</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"<br />
|-<br />
! Segment || National share %<br />
|-<br />
| Jute || 88<br />
|-<br />
| Betel || 75.2<br />
|-<br />
| Mesta || 40.9<br />
|-<br />
| Cauliflower || 40.5<br />
|-<br />
| Brinjal || 33.6<br />
|-<br />
| Sweet potato || 32.6<br />
|-<br />
| Tea || 28.9<br />
|-<br />
| Cabbage || 27<br />
|-<br />
| Jackfruit || 26.8<br />
|-<br />
| Pineapple || 25.2<br />
|-<br />
| Potato || 24.7<br />
|-<br />
| Narcotics || 24.2<br />
|-<br />
| Okra || 23.3<br />
|-<br />
| Radish || 23.2<br />
|-<br />
| Inland fish || 22.6<br />
|-<br />
| Grass pea || 21<br />
|-<br />
| Litchi || 18.7<br />
|-<br />
| Sesamum || 15.3<br />
|-<br />
| Guava || 13.7<br />
|-<br />
| Masoor || 13.1<br />
|-<br />
| Sapota || 13.1<br />
|-<br />
| Paddy || 12.4<br />
|-<br />
| Papaya || 11.9<br />
|-<br />
| Egg || 11.3<br />
|-<br />
| Cashew nut || 9.6<br />
|-<br />
| Mango || 9.2<br />
|-<br />
| Tomato || 9.1<br />
|-<br />
| Meat || 9.1<br />
|-<br />
| Marine fish || 8.9<br />
|-<br />
| Water melon || 7.9<br />
|-<br />
| Green pea || 7.2<br />
|-<br />
| Chilli || 7.2<br />
|-<br />
| Cereal || 7<br />
|-<br />
| Dung || 7<br />
|-<br />
| Rapeseed and mustard || 6.8<br />
|-<br />
| Banana || 5.9<br />
|-<br />
| Straw and stalk || 5.4<br />
|-<br />
| Ginger || 5.3<br />
|-<br />
| Kitchen garden || 5.3<br />
|-<br />
| San hemp || 4.5<br />
|-<br />
| Garlic || 3.4<br />
|-<br />
| Moong || 2.8<br />
|}<br />
<br />
It is also the second largest tea-producing state in India, producing 414.08 million kg of tea in 2022–23, accounting for 30.3% of the country's total tea production. In 2022–23, West Bengal produced approximately 1.48 million tonnes of sugarcane and 3.86 million tonnes of fruits. The state is the largest vegetables producing state in India with 26354.61 thousand MT of production in 2020.<br />
<br />
West Bengal accounts for nearly 10% of the country's edible oil production. The state produced a total of 2.045 million tonnes of fish in 2022–23 as compared to 1.84 million tonnes during 2021-22 retaining second spot after Andhra Pradesh in fish production. West Bengal produced around 7649.74 thousand tonnes of milk in FY 23–24.<br />
<br />
The state is the largest meat producing state in the country (including poultry), producing 1.293 million tonnes of meat in 2023-24.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 November 2024 |title=Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics 2024 |url=https://dahd.gov.in/sites/default/files/2024-12/FinalBAHS2024Book12-12-24.pdf |page=116}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Industry==<br />
{{See also|List of industrial areas in West Bengal}}<br />
State industries are mostly localised in the cities of [[Durgapur]], [[Asansol]], [[Howrah]], [[Kharagpur]] and [[Haldia]] region.<ref name=wbidcindinf>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbidc.com/about_wb/industrial_infrastructure.htm|title=Industrial infrastructure|publisher=West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation|access-date=5 March 2012|archive-date=5 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405152957/http://www.wbidc.com/about_wb/industrial_infrastructure.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> There are up to 10,000 registered factories in the state and the West Bengal state government has opened Shilpa Sathi (শিল্পসাথী), a single window agency in order to provide investors with all kinds of assistance in establishing and running industrial units.<ref>[http://www.webindia123.com/westbengal/economy/economy.htm Economy of West Bengal @ webindia123.com] Suni System (P) Ltd.</ref><br />
<br />
[[Kolkata]] is noted as one of the major centres for industries including the IT industry. The planned cities of [[Bidhannagar]] and [[New Town, Kolkata]] are major IT hubs of East India. As of April 2019, Sector V of Bidhannagar had approx 1,500 companies.<br />
New Town has emerged as the second IT hub of Kolkata after [[Salt Lake City, Kolkata|Salt Lake]]. The [[List of tech parks in Kolkata#New Town|growing number of tech parks]] makes New Town a preferred destination for IT and ITes in East India. Several Information Technology majors are operational like [[Ericsson]], Accenture, Capgemini, Tech Mahindra, ITC Infotech, Mindtree, Adani Labs, [[British Telecom]], [[Tata Consultancy Services|TCS]], [[Wipro]], [[Infosys]], [[Cognizant]] etc. New Town also houses [[Bengal Silicon Valley Tech Hub]].<br />
[[File:TataHitachiKgp.jpg|thumb|342x342px|Tata Hitachi plant at Vidyasagar Industrial Park in Kharagpur]]<br />
[[Bengal Silicon Valley Tech Hub]] is an under construction [[technology]] [[Business park|hub]] in the Indian state of [[West Bengal]], consisting of various [[Industrial park|tech parks]], buildings, projects and premises which work on the sectors like [[Information technology|IT]]/ITeS, [[Data Centre]], [[E-commerce]], [[Internet of things|IoT]], [[Knowledge process outsourcing|KPO]], [[Artificial intelligence|AI]], [[Research and development|R&D]] and [[Telecommunications|Telecom]]. The hub is projected to be completed in 2025, generating 1,00,000 direct jobs. As of 2022, the total investment in the hub is {{INRConvert|1|t}}. It is being built on an area of 250 acres.<br />
<br />
FinTech Hub (formerly known as ''International Financial Hub'') is a [[financial]], [[Commerce|commercial]] centre and [[business district]] located in [[New Town, Kolkata|New Town]]. The hub has the presence of a large number of banking, [[Financial services|financial]] companies and [[Law firm|legal]] institutions. Many major companies have their headquarters, offices and training centres operational or under construction. In 2010, inspired by the [[Bandra Kurla Complex]] in [[Mumbai]] and to turn Kolkata into an international financial centre, the then chief minister of West Bengal [[Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee]] and finance minister [[Asim Dasgupta]] proposed an International Financial Hub on 100 Acres of land in [[New Town, Kolkata|New Town]]. The union finance minister of that time, [[Pranab Mukherjee]] laid the foundation stone of the project on 13 October 2010. The project had a deadline to be completed in five years. In 2017, the project was relaunched as a FinTech hub. The purpose was to develop [[Fintech|financial technology]] industry in West Bengal. In 2020, 23 financial institutions had their offices setup in the hub. The first 10 acres were identified which was afterwards expanded. On 10 September 2021, HIDCO released an online portal for owing plots easily. Up to September 2021, 48 acres were allotted in 70 acres. As of 2022, 28 financial and legal institutions have their offices in FinTech hub.<br />
<br />
[[MSME]] contributes to a major portion of the GDP of West Bengal. West Bengal has the second highest MSME units in the country after [[Uttar Pradesh]]. According to [[Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation|National Sample Survey Office]] (NSSO) 73rd round of survey, [[West Bengal]] had 88.67 lakh MSME units (14% of total in India).<br />
[[File:TCS Gitabitan - DN 54-55 Sector V Salt Lake City - Kolkata 20170515121632.jpg|thumb|339x339px|TCS Gitobitan, Salt Lake]]<br />
There are numerous steel and other heavy engineering plants and production facilities in [[Durgapur, West Bengal|Durgapur]]. The centre has established a number of industries in the areas of tea, sugar, [[chemical]]s and [[fertiliser]]s. Natural resources like tea and [[jute]] in and nearby parts have made [[West Bengal]] a major centre for the [[jute]] and tea industries. West Bengal is at the forefront of leather processing and leather goods manufacturing and has around 666 units producing leather and leather related goods. Currently, 22-25% of India's tanning activity is undertaken in Kolkata and its suburbs. [[Kolkata Leather Complex]] is a planned leather industrial park at Karaidanga, [[Bantala]] near [[East Kolkata]]. It is Asia's largest leather complex. Bantala has approximately 500 tanneries. It already has fully operational 500 tanneries and leather goods manufacturing units on 1150 acres of land employing 5 lakh people. The investment has already been to the tune of {{INRConvert|25000|c}}. In July 2024, it was announced that it will have another 187 tanneries along with 139 footwear units entailing an investment of {{INRConvert|10000|c}} and generating employment for 2.5 lakh people.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 July 2024 |title=Leather complex at Bantala: State expects Rs 10K cr investment, 2.5L jobs |url=https://www.millenniumpost.in/bengal/leather-complex-at-bantala-state-expects-rs-10k-cr-investment-25l-jobs-572360 |work=Millenium Post}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Kharagpur]] has also numerous industries of various types such as iron works, cement, chemicals, etc. The state's share of total industrial output in India was 9.8% in 1980&ndash;81, declining to 5% by 1997&ndash;98. However, the service sector has grown at a rate higher than the national rate.<ref name="hdrchap1" /><br />
[[File:Bengal Intelligent Park - Commercial Building - Sector V - Salt Lake City - Kolkata 2016-05-09 3666.JPG|thumb|339x339px|Bengal Intelligent Park, Salt Lake]]<br />
[[File:Cognizant's Delivery Center in Kolkata - Bantala.jpg|thumb|339x339px|Cognizant, Bantala]]<br />
<br />
[[Jangal Sundari Karmanagari]] is an under construction industrial city complex and township in Jangalmahal, [[Purulia]]. Jangal Sundari Karmanagari has projected a potential investment of {{INRConvert|72000|c}}. {{INRConvert|1144|c}} has been used for creating basic infrastructures. The industrial city will generate employment for 1.5 lakh people. Major industries include cement, steel, auto component, engineering, MSME clusters, ceramics and electricals.<br />
<br />
In Phase I of the project, 1749 acres were allocated and in Phase II, 734 acres were allocated.<br />
<br />
Jangal Sundari Karmanagari has received investments from Rashmi Steel (800 acres), Shyam Steel (600 acres), Captain Steel (300 acres), Super Smelter, Maithan Alloys, Vikash Metal and Power Limited. As of March 2023, about 7 thousand people were employed in around 513 acres steel factory, which got an investment of {{INRConvert|3220|c}}. Shyam Steel is constructing has acquired 600 acres and has started construction (as of March 2023) of a steel plant in 600 acres with an investment of {{INRConvert|4591|c}} and expected employment of 10,000 people. A cement factory is under construction in 70 acres with an investment of {{INRConvert|400|c}}.<br />
<br />
[[Chittaranjan Locomotive Works]], [[Titagarh Rail Systems]], [[Texmaco Rail & Engineering]] and [[Jupiter Wagons]] are [[rolling stock]] manufacturers located in West Bengal. [[Titagarh Rail Systems]] is the second largest freight wagon manufacturer in India. [[Chittaranjan Locomotive Works]] is the largest locomotive manufacturer unit in the world, producing 431 locomotives in 2019–20.<br />
<br />
The first production unit of [[Hindustan Cables]] was set up in 1952 in [[Rupnarayanpur]], in technical collaboration with Standard Telephones and Cables Ltd. for production of paper insulated dry core cables. In 2007 updated and expanded Rupnarayanpur unit, with an installed capacity of 63 LCKM, manufactures polythene insulated jelly filled cables and aerial cables. Facilities for manufacturing 1 million pairs of telephone coiled cords and 1.5 million pieces of computer cords have been set up in the unit. The telephone cords (2 way ovular straight and 4 way ovular extensible etc.) conform to latest specification and cater to Indian market and the computer cords for Computer Industries.<br />
[[File:Modernisation of ISP.JPG|thumb|340x340px|IISCO Steel Plant, Asansol]]<br />
The [[Steel Authority of India]] [[IISCO]] (Indian Iron and Steel Company Ltd) steel-making plant at [[Kulti]] was the first such facility in India. It became well known during the 1960s and 1970s, with its company shares being traded on the [[London Stock Exchange]]. However, a decade later the company became loss-making until it was revived in 2006 when it merged with the [[Steel Authority of India]]. Modernisation at [[IISCO Steel Plant]] has helped the city develop at a very rapid pace. The plant's capacity will be raised from 0.4 MT to 2.5 MT of saleable steel, using what will be the biggest [[blast furnace]] in the country. As of 2015, the investment for modernisation was the single largest investment in West Bengal till then.<br />
<br />
The northern districts of [[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling]], [[Kalimpong district|Kalimpong]], [[Jalpaiguri district|Jalpaiguri]], [[Alipurduar district|Alipurduar]] are famous for growing tea and they are exported world-wide for their supreme taste and quality. Many tea processing units are present here which contribute to the economy of the districts.<br />
<br />
=== Semiconductor Fabrication Plant in Kolkata ===<br />
Under a transformative collaboration with the [[United States]], India will get its first-ever national security semiconductor fabrication plant that will produce chips for use in military hardware in both countries as well as in critical telecommunication networks and electronics. The ambitious India-U.S. joint project was announced following talks between PM [[Narendra Modi]] and U.S. President [[Joe Biden]] in [[Wilmington, North Carolina|Wilmington]] on September 21, 2024. The first-ever India-US semiconductor fabrication partnership was described as a "watershed arrangement", according to a joint fact sheet on Modi-Biden talks.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Joint Fact Sheet: The United States and India Continue to Expand Comprehensive and Global Strategic Partnership |url=https://in.usembassy.gov/joint-fact-sheet-the-united-states-and-india-continue-to-expand-comprehensive-and-global-strategic-partnership/ |access-date=24 September 2024 |website=U.S. Embassy & Consulates in India|date=23 September 2024 }}</ref><br />
<br />
The fab, which will be established with the objective of manufacturing [[infrared]], [[gallium nitride]] and [[silicon carbide]] semiconductors, will be enabled by support from the India Semiconductor Mission as well as a strategic technology partnership between Bharat Semi, 3rdiTech, and the U.S. Space Force. It will not only become India's first, but one of the world's first multi-material fab for national security. This facility will produce advanced semiconductors for advanced sensing, communication and power electronics, marking the first tech partnership between Indian businesses and the U.S. Space Force, as well as the first of its kind within the Quad group.<ref>{{Cite web |last=MyGovIndia |first=X |date=24 September 2024 |title=India & US Team up for Semiconductor Breakthrough |url=https://twitter.com/mygovindia/status/1838520694327620022 |access-date=24 September 2024 |website=MyGovIndia}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[GlobalFoundries]] will set up GF Kolkata Power Center in Kolkata that will enhance mutually beneficial linkages in research and development in chip manufacturing and enable game-changing advances for zero and low emission as well as connected vehicles, internet of things devices, AI, and data centers. The semiconductor fabrication plant will be named "Durga Shakti".<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2024 |title=India to get first national security semiconductor fabrication plant as part of collaboration with U.S. |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-to-get-first-national-security-semiconductor-fabrication-plant-as-part-of-collaboration-with-us/article68672914.ece |access-date=23 September 2024 |website=The Hindu}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Industrial parks/areas/towns in West Bengal ==<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+<br />
|-<br />
!Name<br />
!Area<br />
!Location<br />
!Industrial Company/ companies<br />
!Industry<br />
|-<br />
|Panagarh Industrial Park<br />
|1458 Acres<br />
|[[Panagarh]], [[Burdwan District]]<br />
|Emami, Valve, Acer, Matix Fertilizers & Chemicals Ltd., H&R Johnson (India), HPCL, Globus Spirit Ltd., IOCL etc.<br />
|Cement, chemical fertilizers, Ammonia Plant, Urea Plant, bottling plant, Ceramic Tiles Manufacturing, distillery etc.<br />
|-<br />
|Vidyasagar Industrial Park<br />
|1167 Acres<br />
|[[Kharagpur]], [[West Medinipur]]<br />
|Tata-Hitachi, Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Orissa Aloy Steel private limited, Godrej Agrovet, Nutricraft India, Mahindra & Mahindra Limited, Megatherm Induction<br />
|Machinery, steel, oil<br />
|-<br />
|Barzora Industrial Park<br />
|432 Acres<br />
|Barzora, [[Bankura District]]<br />
|Anandabazar Patrika, Pratyaha Newspaper, X Pro India, Timespac, Nilkamal Plastics, Surya Alloy Industries, Tulip Fabrics, Steelex Electrocast, HP Ispat, Jain Spun Industries, Maan Concast, Lalwani Industrie, Embee Ferro Alloy, Jai Ambey Metals, Royal Touch Fablon etc.<br />
|Steel, plastic, newspaper, fabric, metals etc.<br />
|-<br />
|Haldia Industrial Park (WBIDC)<br />
|334 Acres<br />
|[[Haldia]], [[East Medinipur]]<br />
|Mitsubishi Chemicals Ltd., South Asian Petrochemicals Ltd, Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), Exide, Shaw Wallace, Tata Chemicals, Haldia Petrochemicals, Hindustan Lever Limited etc.<br />
|Petrochemicals and fertilizers<br />
|-<br />
|Haldia Industrial Park (WBIIDC)<br />
|120 Acres<br />
|[[Haldia]], [[East Medinipur]]<br />
|[[Exide]], [[Patanjali Ayurved]], PetroCarbon & Chemical Pvt. Ltd., Ralson Petrochemicals Ltd.<br />
|Batteries and petrochemicals<br />
|-<br />
|Raghunathpur Steel & Allied Industrial Park<br />
|1924 Acres<br />
|Raghunathpur, [[Purulia District]]<br />
|[[Damodar Valley Corporation]], Shyam Steel Industries Limited, [[Shree Cement]], DPSC limited<br />
|Thermal power, steel, cement<br />
|-<br />
|Shalbani Industrial Park<br />
|4300 Acres<br />
|[[Salboni]], [[West Medinipur]]<br />
|[[JSW Group]]<br />
|Cement, paint, steel, solar power unit,<br />
|-<br />
|Sankrail Rubber Park<br />
|170 Acres<br />
|[[Sankrail]], [[Howrah District]]<br />
|100+ companies <ref>{{Cite web |title=SARPOL Plot Holders |url=https://sarpol.co.in/plot-holders/ |website=South Asia Rubber & Polymers Park Ltd.}}</ref><br />
|Rubber seeds, footwear, rubber hoses, tubes, micro cellular sheets, chappals, automotive rubber products etc.<br />
|-<br />
|Rishi Bankim Silpaudyan<br />
|97 Acres<br />
|[[Naihati]], [[North Twenty Four Parganas]]<br />
|Wimplast, Suguna Foods Limited, DTL Ancillary Limited, New Hope Animal Celesty Food Products, Syanchro Pack etc.<br />
|Plastics, food processing, etc.<br />
|-<br />
|Kharagpur cycle park<br />
|20 Acres<br />
|[[Kharagpur]], [[West Medinipur]]<br />
|Unirox, Milan, Luna and Krypton<br />
|Cycle production<br />
|-<br />
|Kharagpur Industrial Park<br />
|257 Acres<br />
|[[Kharagpur]], [[West Medinipur]]<br />
|Tata Iron & Steel Company Ltd., Flender Ltd., Century Extrusions Ltd., Japfa Comfed India Ltd.<br />
|Iron and steel, telecom, engineering and food processing<br />
|-<br />
|Goaltor Industrial Park<br />
|950 Acres<br />
|Goaltor, [[West Medinipur]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Nabadiganta Industrial Township<br />
|430 Acres<br />
|[[Bidhannagar]], [[North 24 Parganas]]<br />
|See [[List of tech parks in Kolkata#Salt Lake|list of companies having tech park here]]<br />
|[[Information technology|IT]], ITeS<br />
|-<br />
|Budge Budge Garment Park<br />
|10 Acres<br />
|[[Budge Budge]], [[South 24 Parganas]]<br />
|<br />
|Garments and clothing<br />
|-<br />
|Paridhan Garment Park<br />
|8.78 Acres<br />
|[[Beliaghata]], [[Kolkata]]<br />
|Rupa, Vedanta Fashions, Prapti Fashions, Enfield Apparels, Shipra Commercial, Jagadhatri Trexim, Moustache International, Senorita Creations, Citrus Fashions, Manish Creations, Modern Tradecom, The Rajlakshmi Cotton Mills<br />
|Garments and clothing<br />
|-<br />
|Shilpangan Light Engineering Park<br />
|9.2 Acres<br />
|[[Bidhannagar]], [[North 24 Parganas]]<br />
|<br />
|Light engineering<br />
|-<br />
|West Bengal Hosiery Park<br />
|125 Acres<br />
|[[Howrah district]]<br />
|<br />
|Garments and clothing<br />
|-<br />
|Regent Garments and Apparel Park<br />
|55 Acres<br />
|[[Barasat]], [[North 24 Parganas]]<br />
|<br />
|Garments and clothing<br />
|-<br />
|EIGMEF Apparel Park<br />
|13 Acres<br />
|[[Bidhannagar]], [[North 24 Parganas]]<br />
|<br />
|Garments and clothing<br />
|-<br />
|Kona Integrated Garment Prak<br />
|21 Acres<br />
|Unsani, [[Howrah district]]<br />
|<br />
|Garments and clothing<br />
|-<br />
|Sudha Das Food Park, Sankrail<br />
|50 Acres<br />
|[[Sankrail]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|<br />
|Food and processing<br />
|-<br />
|Kandua Food Park<br />
|54 Acres<br />
|[[Sankrail]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|<br />
|Food and processing<br />
|-<br />
|Sankrail Food Park<br />
|34 Acres<br />
|[[Sankrail]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|[[Amul]] (world's largest curd manufacturing plant)<br />
|Food and processing<br />
|-<br />
|Sankrail Poly Park<br />
|60 Acres<br />
|[[Sankrail]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|Megaflex Plastics, Elkos Pens, Weilburger Coatings, W.Hunger Hydraulics, Rollx Technologies, Tenty Marketing, Accurate Polymers, Techcon India<br />
|Polymer production<br />
|-<br />
|Gems & Jewelry Park<br />
|6 Acres<br />
|Ankurhati, [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|Senco Gold Limited, Calcutta Gem & Jewellers Welfare Association, Jain Jewellers<br />
|Jewellery production<br />
|-<br />
|Haringhata Industrial Park<br />
|358 Acres<br />
|[[Nadia]]<br />
|InstaKart Services Pvt. Ltd.<br />
|Warehouse, dairy and paper<br />
|-<br />
|Kharagpur General Industrial Park<br />
|205 Acres<br />
|[[Kharagpur]], [[West Medinipur]]<br />
|Tata Metaliks, Flender McNeil etc.<br />
|Metal works<br />
|-<br />
|Fulbari Industrial Park<br />
|32 Acres<br />
|Fulbarigram, [[Jalpaiguri district]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Dabgram Industrial Park<br />
|107 Acres<br />
|[[Dabgram]], [[Jalpaiguri district]]<br />
|Haldia Precision Engineering Pvt. Ltd., M.B. Tea & Allied Products (Pvt) Ltd., Super Treads Pvt. Ltd., Samrat Feed Mills Private Ltd.<br />
|Engineering, Cattle & Poultry Feed, Plastic & PVC objects, Food and Tea Processing<br />
|-<br />
|Shilpobroto Industrial Park<br />
|25 Acres<br />
|Binnaguri, [[Jalpaiguri district]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|INDUS Balram Industrial Park<br />
|<br />
|[[Jalpaiguri district]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Raninagar Industrial Park<br />
|152 Acres<br />
|[[Raninagar]], [[Jalpaiguri district]]<br />
|Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages Pvt. Ltd., Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., Terai Foods Pvt. Ltd., Sona Vets Pvt. Ltd., Amrit Feeds Ltd., JD Industries, Kusum Iron and Steel Ltd., AMD Industries Ltd., Kusum Enterprises<br />
|Beverages, Petroleum products, Agro/ Food processing, Plastic products, and Poultry feed<br />
|-<br />
|Cooch Behar Industrial Park<br />
|98 Acres<br />
|[[Chakchaka]], [[Cooch Behar district]]<br />
|Modern Agrotech Industries, Kamakshi Jute Industries, Sri Balaji Udyog, Hossain Electricals<br />
|Agro-based and jute industries, PVC and electrical industries<br />
|-<br />
|South City Anmol Infra Park<br />
|48 Acres<br />
|[[Howrah district]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Amtala Food Park<br />
|125 Acres<br />
|[[Amtala]], [[South 24 Parganas]]<br />
|<br />
|Food processing units<br />
|-<br />
|Regent SME Industrial Park<br />
|21 Acres<br />
|[[Ankurhati]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Srijan Industrial Logistic Park<br />
|24 Acres<br />
|[[Ankurhati]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Jalan Complex<br />
|2000 Acres<br />
|[[Ankurhati]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|Sharma Gandhi Hire Purchase Ltd., Honey Vanijya Pvt. Ltd., Neptune Hydrocarbons Mfg. Pvt. Ltd., Ugi Engineering Works Pvt. Ltd., R R Proteins & Agro Ltd., Maira Fabricators Pvt. Ltd., J.K. Spices & Food Products, Tridev Engineering Pvt. Ltd., Ganesh Grains Ltd. and many more<br />
|Mixed use<br />
|-<br />
|Amta Industrial Park<br />
|1200 Acres<br />
|[[Amta]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Uluberia Industrial Park (WBIDC)<br />
|129 Acres<br />
|[[Uluberia]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|M & M Machine Craft Pvt. Ltd., ITC, Varun Tea Plantation Ltd., Flipkart<br />
|Mixed use<br />
|-<br />
|Uluberia Industrial Park (WBIIDC)<br />
|160 Acres<br />
|[[Uluberia]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|CERATIZIT India Pvt. Ltd., Saj Industries Pvt . Ltd., Sintex Industries Ltd., Goel Alloy & Steel Pvt. Ltd.<br />
|Iron & Steel Products, Food processing, Plastic & PVC molding units<br />
|-<br />
|Ranihati Foundry Park<br />
|924 Acres<br />
|[[Sankrail]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|Nif Ispat Ltd., RRL Steels Ltd., Bhajjanka Ispat Pvt. Ltd., Pacheria Castings Pvt. Ltd., Dinesh Brothers Pvt. Ltd., Yashi Castings<br />
|Iron & Steel Products<br />
|-<br />
|Dankuni Industrial Park<br />
|777 Acres<br />
|[[Dankuni]], [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Bagnan Industrial Park<br />
|23 Acres<br />
|[[Bagnan]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Shaktigarh Industrial Park<br />
|3.1 Acres<br />
|[[Saktigarh, Bardhaman|Saktigarh]], [[Purba Bardhaman district|Bardhaman]]<br />
|<br />
|Electronic goods<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Infrastructure==<br />
[[File:Bandel Thermal Power Station at Tribeni, Hooghly 04.jpg|thumb|301x301px|Bandel Thermal Power Station]]<br />
<br />
===Power and energy===<br />
<br />
As of end of August 2024, according to data released by Central Electricity Authority, the installed power capacity of the state is 15553.03&nbsp;[[Megawatt#Megawatt|MW]], compared to 450 GW of the country. Of the total installed power capacity, 13,567&nbsp;MW was contributed by thermal power, 1,986.03&nbsp;MW was contributed by hydro power and renewable power together.<ref>{{cite web |title=Eastern Zone installed power capacity (in MW) |url=https://npp.gov.in/public-reports/cea/monthly/installcap/2024/AUG/capacity2-Eastern-2024-08.pdf |access-date=2024-09-24 |website=National Power Portal }}</ref><br />
West Bengal government's ministry of power, in its report, enumerates individual power generating stations in West Bengal along with their respective locations and generating capacities while mentioning the total installed capacity as 9,805 MW {{as of|2021|January|lc=y}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Details of various generating stations in West Bengal (as of 01.1.2021) |url=https://wbpower.gov.in/power-scenario-in-west-bengal/ |access-date=2024-05-24 |publisher=Power Ministry, Government of West Bengal}}</ref> As of 2024, 100% of households were fully electrified.<ref>{{cite web |title=Progress report on village electrification as on 10.10.2017 |url=https://www.ddugjy.gov.in/assets/uploads/1656499638k8xo7.pdf |access-date=2024-05-24 |publisher=Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gram Jyoti Yojana}}</ref><br />
[[File:Belghoria Expressway - Kolkata 2011-09-09 4957.JPG|thumb|300x300px|Belghoria Expressway]]<br />
<br />
===Communication and transportation===<br />
{{as of|2018}}, West Bengal has a total road length of {{convert|283865|km|mi|0}}, with a road density of 1.04&nbsp;km per km<sup>2</sup>. Of this, national highways constitute {{convert|3674|km|mi|0}} and state highways {{convert|3612|km|mi|0}}.<ref name=ibef2011/> {{as of|2015|June}}, the central government mulled augmenting the state's national highways' length by another couple of thousand kilometres in a bid to supplement to India's plan of seamless BBIN connectivity through Nepal, Bhutan, India, and Bangladesh, subject to availability of land, by investing in the tunes of US$4–5 billion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/money/report-centre-plans-to-give-rs-25000-30000-crore-for-development-of-bengal-roads-nitin-gadkari-2098459|title=Centre plans to give Rs. 25000-30000 crore for development of Bengal roads:Nitin Gadkari|date=24 June 2015|access-date=2016-06-08}}</ref><br />
[[File:Kolkata Metro CRRC Dalian rake 5.jpg|thumb|298x298px|Kolkata Metro CRRC Dalian rake]]<br />
<br />
===Railways===<br />
The [[Eastern Railway zone]], [[South Eastern Railway zone]] and [[Northeast Frontier Railway zone]] of [[Indian Railways]] run operations in West Bengal. At the end of 2023–24, the route length in West Bengal was 4,203&nbsp;km of which around 4,016&nbsp;km has been converted to broad gauge and around 3,906&nbsp;km has been electrified, the running track length was 7,122&nbsp;km and the total track length was 10,466&nbsp;km, with the number of stations exceeding 800.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/IRSP_2014-15/Year_Book_Eng/9.pdf|title=The network|publisher=Indian Railways|access-date=2016-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbidc.com/about_wb/physical_infrastructure.htm|title=Physical Infrastructure|publisher=WBIDC|access-date=2016-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111150948/http://www.wbidc.com/about_wb/physical_infrastructure.htm|archive-date=11 January 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Kolkata Metro]] railway is the newest zone of the IR with four operational lines of total length of about 60&nbsp;km. {{as of|2024}}, various other metro links of approximately 74&nbsp;km route length are underway in different phases of construction in Kolkata.<br />
<br />
===Ports===<br />
Kolkata is a major river-port in eastern India. The [[Kolkata Port Trust]] manages both the Kolkata docks and the [[Haldia]] docks.<ref name=dockport>{{cite web |url=http://www.kolkataporttrust.gov.in/ |title= Port info: cargo statistics|access-date=9 February 2012|work=Kolkata Port Trust |publisher=Kolkata Port Trust, India }}</ref> There is passenger service to [[Port Blair]] on the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] and [[cargo ship]] service to [[ports in India]] and abroad, operated by the [[Shipping Corporation of India]]. Kolkata Port handled 65.660 million tonnes (mt) of traffic in 2022–23, around 12.86% higher vis-a-vis that handled during previous fiscal. Kolkata Dock System, the first major dock formally commissioned in 1870, handled cargo traffic of 17.052 mt in 2022–23, registering a significant growth of 11.46% over the previous year. Haldia Dock Complex, the 1st green port of the country in 2015, handled 48.608 mt in 2022–23, recording growth of 11.8% over the last year. During 2022–23, 6,75,904 Container TEUs were handled at the Port vis-à-vis 7,35,195 TEUs during 2021–22. Total containerised tonnage handled at SMP, Kolkata was 10.59 million tonnes in 2022-23 vis-à-vis 11.8 million tonnes in 2021–22. Kolkata Dock System handled 5,68,722 TEUs in 2022-23 compared to 5,69,783 TEUs in 2021–22, recording a marginal decline. In 2019-20 Kolkata Dock System achieved the highest ever container throughput of 6,75,439 TEUs. Haldia Dock Complex handled 1,07,182 TEUs in 2022-23 vis-a-vis 1,65,412 TEUs in 2021–22.<br />
<br />
[[Kolkata Port]] ranked 1st in terms of coking coal & other coal handling amongst major ports of India.<br />
[[File:Aerial view of Kolkata 40.jpg|thumb|335x335px|Ferries on Hooghly River]]<br />
<br />
===Inland waterways===<br />
The 560&nbsp;km long [[Haldia]]-[[Farakka]] stretch in West Bengal is part of the stretch of Ganges between Haldia and Prayagraj declared as the [[National Waterway 1]]. Also a 91&nbsp;km long stretch of the [[National Waterway 5]] is within West Bengal. West Bengal government has sought to build infrastructure to begin sustained fuel efficient cost efficient and eco-friendly shipping operations for cargo transportation and tourism, passenger traffic as well along 12 rivers in West Bengal which can reduce congestion on roads. These rivers that has been identified for national waterways services, are the Prayagraj-Haldia stretch of the Ganga Bhagirathi Hooghly river, [[Ajay River]] (96&nbsp;km), [[Mayurakshi River]] (110&nbsp;km), [[Damodar River]] (135&nbsp;km), DVC canal (130&nbsp;km), [[Dwarakeswar River]] (113&nbsp;km), [[Ichamati River]] (634&nbsp;km), [[Jalangi River]] (131&nbsp;km), [[Rupnarayan River]] (72&nbsp;km), [[Subarnarekha River]] (314&nbsp;km) and Sunderban Waterways (201&nbsp;km).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/infrastructure/wb-government-proposes-to-introduce-inland-waterways-services/articleshow/48696665.cms|title=WB government proposes to introduce inland waterways services|work=The Times of India|access-date=2016-08-30|date=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestatesman.com/mobi/news/bengal/12-rivers-in-bengal-listed-for-development/85462.html|title=12 rivers in Bengal listed for development|publisher=The Statesman|access-date=2016-08-30}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Telecommunications===<br />
As of end of June 2024, as per statistics published in press release of [[TRAI]], there were 81.353 million wire-less (mobile phone) subscriptions (including 23.215 million with 89.47% VLR or active connections in Kolkata service area and 58.138 million with 97.61% VLR or active connections in rest of West Bengal service area) compared to over 1170.5 million wire-less connections in the whole country with VLR or active connections of 90.75% and 1.596 million wire-line subscriptions (including 1.04 million in Kolkata and 0.556 million in rest of West Bengal) in West Bengal (with a total state-level tele-density of 82.27% {{as of|2024|June|30|lc=y}}) compared to over 35.107 million wire-line connections in the whole country (with nationwide total tele-density of 85.95%) while as of April 2016 the number of broadband subscriptions in the state were arbitrarily estimated to be around 11 million compared to that of whole of India with over 151.09 million broadband connections.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 August 2024 |title=Highlights of Telecom Subscription Data as on 30th June, 2024 |url=https://trai.gov.in/sites/default/files/PR_No.54of2024_0.pdf |access-date=2024-09-14 |publisher=Telecom Regulatory Authority of India}}</ref><br />
VSNL has its international gateway and earth station in Kolkata. International connectivity is provided through VSNL and five STPI (Software Technology Parks of India) earth stations in Kolkata, Durgapur, Kharagpur, Haldia and siliguri. Digha has been selected as the cable landing station for the submarine cable laying project connecting India and South East Asia.<br />
BSNL has an optical fiber network of 15000&nbsp;km route in West Bengal. Reliance group's Jio Infocomm has laid 4500&nbsp;km of optical fiber network in the state for its 4G network.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech-news/reliance-jio-to-launch-4g-in-west-bengal-by-march-2014/articleshow/20209742.cms|title=Reliance Jio to launch 4G in West Bengal by March 2014|work=The Times of India|date=22 May 2013 |access-date=2016-08-30}}</ref> Under National Optic Fibre Network (NOFN) mission, optical fibre cable will be laid in 341 blocks covering most of the gram panchayats in West Bengal.<br />
<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech-news/push-for-digital-drive-in-bengal-optic-fibre-network-in-300-blocks-soon/articleshow/49435682.cms|title=Push for digital drive in Bengal, optical fibre network in 300 blocks soon|work=The Times of India|date=18 October 2015 |access-date=2016-08-30}}</ref><br />
[[File:Inside Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport (2).jpg|thumb|317x317px|Inside Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport]]<br />
<br />
===Aviation===<br />
<br />
Spread over 2640 acres at [[Dum Dum]] in Kolkata, the largest in eastern India, the newly modernised [[Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport]] is the sixth busiest international airport in India in respect of aircraft movement (after Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chennai). It has two asphalt runways, the primary one extended by 700 meters (3627 × 46m) and upgraded to CATIIIB, and the secondary one (3190 × 46m) upgraded to CATII ILS standards. Its terminal is a new and sprawling L-shaped six-level integrated terminal of over 2,510,000 sq ft inaugurated in 2013, able to handle 25 million passengers per annum. It includes check-in counters that use CUTE (Common User Terminal Equipment) technology, 78 immigration counters, 12 customs counters, passenger lounges provided by Air India and Jet Airways, 18 aerobridges, 57 remote parking bays, 2 underground two-leveled carparks and car parking facilities in landscaped area capable of handling 5000 cars. The airport has a Centre for Perishable Commodities (CPC), two luxury hotels and a shopping mall.[[File:013. BAGDOGRA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT - ENTRANCE TO AIRPORT TERMINAL DEPARTURE WINGS.jpg|thumb|315x315px|Bagdogra Airport]]In the fiscal year April 2023 to March 2024, the airport handled 1,40,879 aircraft movements including 20,078 international aircraft movements, 19.784 million passengers (including 2.4 million international passengers and 17.31 million domestic passengers), 1,51,626 metric tonnes of freight. Between the 1940s and 1960s, major airlines such as Aeroflot, Air France, Alitalia, Cathay Pacific, Japan Airlines, Philippine Airlines, KLM, Pan Am, Lufthansa, Swissair and SAS operated from the airport.<br />
With the advent of longer haul aircraft and the socio-economio-political degeneration of the state during the 1960s, several airlines gradually discontinued operations there. The withdrawal of Lufthansa's service to Frankfurt in 2012 left Kolkata with no direct flights beyond Asia. Kolkata airport is to undergo the execution of Phase 2 of the expansion plan which primarily involves the construction of an 86-meter ATC Tower. Additionally, the current Kolkata Metro expansion plans include two new lines to the airport for better connectivity.[[File:The front facade of Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport, Andal, Durgapur.jpg|thumb|313x313px|Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport, Durgapur]][[Bagdogra International Airport]], [[Siliguri]] is another significant airport in the state. It serves as the gateway to North-east India and countries like [[Bhutan]], [[Nepal]] and [[Bangladesh]]. In the fiscal year April 2023 to March 2024, the airport handled 20,838 aircraft movements including 434 international aircraft movements, 3.12 million passengers (including 21,137 international passengers and 3.09 million domestic passengers), 8,445 metric tonnes of freight.<br />
[[Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport]], [[Durgapur]] country's first private greenfield aerotropolis project spread over 650 acres, under Bengal Aerotropolis Projects Limited (BAPL) co-owned by Singapore-based Changi group, conceived in 2006–07 to be a domestic/international airport with handling capacity of 1 million per annum that can be expanded to 2.5 million per annum in future, officially commenced operations in 2015 at Andal, Durgapur 185&nbsp;km away from the state capital Kolkata.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/narendra-modi-first-passenger-to-use-andal-airport/articleshow/47234884.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105062802/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/narendra-modi-first-passenger-to-use-andal-airport/articleshow/47234884.cms|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 January 2016|title=Narendra Modi first passenger to use Andal airport|date=11 May 2015|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2016-06-28}}</ref> Currently it has direct flight connections to major cities like [[Bangalore]], [[Bhubaneswar]], [[Chennai]], [[Delhi]], [[Guwahati]], [[Hyderabad]], [[Mumbai]] and [[Siliguri]]. In the fiscal year April 2023 to March 2024, the airport handled 3,234 aircraft movements, 0.51 million passengers, 491 metric tonnes of freight.<br />
[[File:Cooch Behar Airport Terminal.png|thumb|312x312px|Cooch Behar Airport Terminal]]<br />
[[Cooch Behar Airport]] is a [[domestic airport]] serving the city of [[Cooch Behar, West Bengal|Cooch Behar]] and parts of [[North Bengal]] and [[Assam]]. It is located 6.2&nbsp;km (3.9&nbsp;mi) from the city centre. The airport is spread over an area of 173 acres. The airport is located at an elevation of 141 feet (43 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 04/22 with an asphalt surface, measuring 3,507 by 100 feet (1,069 by 30 m) without an [[instrument landing system]]. The airport can handle only flights using [[visual flight rules]] during the day. Improvements in radar as well as other runway systems have been completed, such as installation of lights on the runway, while the instrument landing system will be installed in the near future. There is presently a high security team residing in the airport which uses a [[non-directional beacon]] for navigation services. Commercial services resumed from Cooch Behar with IndiaOne Air starting flights to [[Kolkata]] on 21 February 2023. In the fiscal year April 2023 to March 2024, the airport handled 568 aircraft movements, and 4,384 passengers.<br />
[[File:Aerial View Of Salt Lake City Kolkata West Bengal IMG 9796 02.jpg|thumb|310x310px|Aerial View of Salt Lake, Kolkata]]<br />
[[File:New Town Skyline captured from Bengal Intelligent Park, Saltlake, Kolkata (2 of 2 photos).jpg|thumb|308x308px|New Town Skyline]]<br />
<br />
===Industry===<br />
<br />
{{as of|2011}}, the state has 22 formally approved [[special economic zone]]s (SEZ).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://sezindia.nic.in/writereaddata/pdf/StatewiseDistribution-SEZ.pdf|title= SEZs: statewise distribution|publisher=Sezindia, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India|access-date=9 February 2012}}</ref> Of these, 17 are related to information technology (IT) or IT, enabled services (ITES).<ref name=ibef2011/>{{rp|28}}<br />
<br />
==Economic indices==<br />
[[File:THE BEACH MIRRORS THE SKY.jpg|thumb|Economic production - beach net fishing at [[Digha]] Beach|305x305px]]<br />
<br />
As per the state budget presented in the state legislative assembly on 12 February 2025, West Bengal's nominal GSDP at current prices has risen to {{INRConvert|20.3|lc}} in the year 2025–26, the average INR to US$ exchange rate in that year being INR 88. West Bengal's per capita nominal GSDP at current prices for the economic year 2023-24 is {{INRConvert|171184}}. In the year 2024–25, it is expected to grow to {{INRConvert|188467}}.<br />
<br />
In terms of nominal [[Net domestic product|net state domestic product]] (NSDP) at factor cost at current prices (base year 2011–2012), West Bengal was the sixth largest economy in India, with an NSDP of {{INRConvert|18.8|lc}} in 2024-25 and in terms of nominal [[Gross domestic product|gross state domestic product]] (GSDP) at current prices, the state had GSDP of {{INRConvert|13.97|lc}} in the economic year 2022–23 as mentioned by [[Reserve Bank of India]]. In 2023–24, the [[tertiary sector of the economy]] (service industries) was the largest contributor to the gross domestic product of the state, contributing 54.13% of the state domestic product compared to 18% from [[Primary sector of the economy|primary sector]] (agriculture, forestry, mining) and 27.87% from [[Secondary sector of the economy|secondary sector]] (industrial and manufacturing).<ref name="ibef2011" />{{rp|12}} At a [[compound annual growth rate]] of 15.2%, the tertiary sector has been the fastest growing among the three sectors from 2004–05 to 2009–10.<ref name="ibef2011" />{{rp|12}} The growth has been driven by trade, hotels, real estate, finance, insurance, transport, communications and other services.<br />
<br />
The state's total financial debt that stood at {{INRConvert|1918|b}} {{as of|2011|lc=y}} swelled to {{INRConvert|3050|b}} at the end of 2015-16 and is estimated to further grow to {{INRConvert|6932|b}} at the end of 2024–25, although as a percentage of GSDP it is expected to decrease to about 36.88%.<ref name="etdebt">{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/business/bengal-s-debt-pile-balloons/cid/1683764|title=Bengal's debt pile balloons|newspaper=The Telegraph |location=New Delhi|date=22 March 2019|access-date=4 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://m.hindustantimes.com/india/mamata-to-start-new-term-under-mountain-of-debt/story-sYFgJnDd0was96FKPcmnUJ.html|title=After huge win, Mamata to start new term under mountain of debt|work=The Hindustan Times|access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 February 2024 |title=WB Finance |url=https://finance.wb.gov.in/writereaddata/Fiscal_Policy/FRBM24_Part1.pdf}}</ref><br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|+GSDP growth from 1980–81 to 2024-25 <ref>{{Cite web |title=RBI Handbook of Statistics on Indian States |url=https://m.rbi.org.in/Scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=22091 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=m.rbi.org.in}}</ref><br />
!Year<br />
!GSDP (in current prices)<br />
!Growth Rate<br />
|-<br />
|1980-81<br />
|{{INRConvert|10345|c}}<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|1981-82<br />
|{{INRConvert|11575|c}}<br />
|11.89% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1982-83<br />
|{{INRConvert|13049|c}}<br />
|12.73% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1983-84<br />
|{{INRConvert|15302|c}}<br />
|17.27% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1984-85<br />
|{{INRConvert|17676|c}}<br />
|15.51% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1985-86<br />
|{{INRConvert|19032|c}}<br />
|7.67% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1986-87<br />
|{{INRConvert|20803|c}}<br />
|9.31% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1987-88<br />
|{{INRConvert|25077|c}}<br />
|20.55% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1988-89<br />
|{{INRConvert|27106|c}}<br />
|8.09% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1989-90<br />
|{{INRConvert|30623|c}}<br />
|12.97% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1990-91<br />
|{{INRConvert|34797|c}}<br />
|13.63% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1991-92<br />
|{{INRConvert|40380|c}}<br />
|16.04% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1992-93<br />
|{{INRConvert|43290|c}}<br />
|7.21% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1993-94<br />
|{{INRConvert|53424|c}}<br />
|23.41% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1994-95<br />
|{{INRConvert|62031|c}}<br />
|16.11% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1995-96<br />
|{{INRConvert|73864|c}}<br />
|19.08% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1996-97<br />
|{{INRConvert|82075|c}}<br />
|11.12% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1997-98<br />
|{{INRConvert|97966|c}}<br />
|19.36% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1998-99<br />
|{{INRConvert|115516|c}}<br />
|17.91% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|1999-00<br />
|{{INRConvert|135376|c}}<br />
|17.19% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2000-01<br />
|{{INRConvert|143724|c}}<br />
|6.17% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2001-02<br />
|{{INRConvert|157144|c}}<br />
|9.34% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2002-03<br />
|{{INRConvert|168000|c}}<br />
|6.91% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2003-04<br />
|{{INRConvert|189258|c}}<br />
|12.65% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2004-05<br />
|{{INRConvert|208656|c}}<br />
|10.25% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2005-06<br />
|{{INRConvert|230254|c}}<br />
|10.35% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2006-07<br />
|{{INRConvert|261681|c}}<br />
|13.65% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2007-08<br />
|{{INRConvert|299482|c}}<br />
|14.45% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2008-09<br />
|{{INRConvert|341942|c}}<br />
|14.18% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2009-10<br />
|{{INRConvert|398880|c}}<br />
|16.65% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2010-11<br />
|{{INRConvert|460959|c}}<br />
|15.56% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2011-12<br />
|{{INRConvert|520485|c}}<br />
|11.43% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2012-13<br />
|{{INRConvert|591464|c}}<br />
|13.63% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2013-14<br />
|{{INRConvert|676848|c}}<br />
|14.43% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2014-15<br />
|{{INRConvert|718081|c}}<br />
|6.09% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2015-16<br />
|{{INRConvert|797299|c}}<br />
|11.03% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2016-17<br />
|{{INRConvert|872527|c}}<br />
|9.43% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2017-18<br />
|{{INRConvert|974700|c}}<br />
|11.71% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2018-19<br />
|{{INRConvert|1102053|c}}<br />
|13.06% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2019-20<br />
|{{INRConvert|1179097|c}}<br />
|7% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2020-21<br />
|{{INRConvert|1155820|c}}<br />
| -1.97% {{decrease}}<br />
|-<br />
|2021-22<br />
|{{INRConvert|1363925|c}}<br />
|17% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2022-23<br />
|{{INRConvert|1515564|c}}<br />
|13% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2023-24<br />
|{{INRConvert|1651374|c}}<br />
|11% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2024-25<br />
|{{INRConvert|1812372|c}}<br />
|10% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2025-26 (RE)<br />
|{{INRConvert|1990896|c}}<br />
|10% {{increase}}<br />
|-<br />
|2026-27(BE)<br />
| {{INRConvert|2178244|c}}<br />
|9% {{increase}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Per capita income ==<br />
In the year 2022–23, the per capita income of West Bengal was calculated to be {{INRConvert|141373}} at current prices. It is expected to grow to about {{INRConvert|203095}} in the year 2025–26 by extrapolating the values according to GSDP growth rate. The latest district-wise values of per capita income available was of 2013–14.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WBPSPM |url=http://wbpspm.gov.in/SiteFiles/Publications/2_09052017100008.pdf}}</ref> They are shown as below and their values extrapolated to 2022-23 and 2024-25 values respectively.<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|+<br />
!District<br />
!Per capita income (2013–14)<br />
!Per capita income (2022–23)<br />
!Per capita income (2024–25)<br />
|-<br />
|[[Bankura district|Bankura]]<br />
|₹ 57,879<br />
|₹ 1,16,796<br />
|₹ 1,55,703<br />
|-<br />
|[[Birbhum]]<br />
|₹ 53,122<br />
|₹ 1,07,197<br />
|₹ 1,42,906<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cooch Behar district|Coochbehar]]<br />
|₹ 54,069<br />
|₹ 1,09,108<br />
|₹ 1,45,454<br />
|-<br />
|[[Dakshin Dinajpur]]<br />
|₹ 50,991<br />
|₹ 1,02,897<br />
|₹ 1,37,174<br />
|-<br />
|[[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling]]<br />
|₹ 87,695<br />
|₹ 1,76,961<br />
|₹ 2,35,910<br />
|-<br />
|[[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|₹ 70,350<br />
|₹ 1,41,961<br />
|₹ 1,89,251<br />
|-<br />
|[[Hooghly district|Hooghly]]<br />
|₹ 70,102<br />
|₹ 1,41,461<br />
|₹ 1,88,585<br />
|-<br />
|[[Jalpaiguri district|Jalpaiguri]]<br />
|₹ 59,652<br />
|₹ 1,20,373<br />
|₹ 1,60,471<br />
|-<br />
|[[Kolkata district|Kolkata]]<br />
|₹ 1,12,737<br />
|₹ 2,27,494<br />
|₹ 3,55,470<br />
|-<br />
|[[Malda district|Malda]]<br />
|₹ 50,942<br />
|₹ 1,02,797<br />
|₹ 1,37,041<br />
|-<br />
|[[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]]<br />
|₹ 50,186<br />
|₹ 1,01,271<br />
|₹ 1,35,006<br />
|-<br />
|[[Nadia]]<br />
|₹ 58,870<br />
|₹ 1,18,795<br />
|₹ 1,58,367<br />
|-<br />
|[[North 24 Parganas]]<br />
|₹ 66,384<br />
|₹ 1,33,958<br />
|₹ 1,78,583<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paschim Bardhaman]]<br />
| rowspan="2" |₹ 81,607<br />
| rowspan="2" |₹ 1,64,676<br />
| rowspan="2" |₹ 2,19,533<br />
|-<br />
|[[Purba Bardhaman]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paschim Medinipur]]<br />
|₹ 57,952<br />
|₹ 1,16,942<br />
|₹ 1,55,898<br />
|-<br />
|[[Purba Medinipur]]<br />
|₹ 87,082<br />
|₹ 1,75,725<br />
|₹ 2,34,262<br />
|-<br />
|[[Purulia district|Purulia]]<br />
|₹ 50,074<br />
|₹ 1,01,046<br />
|₹ 1,34,707<br />
|-<br />
|[[South 24 Parganas]]<br />
|₹ 56,983<br />
|₹ 1,14,988<br />
|₹ 1,53,292<br />
|-<br />
|[[Uttar Dinajpur]]<br />
|₹ 39,720<br />
|₹ 80,152<br />
|₹ 1,06,852<br />
|-<br />
![[West Bengal]]<br />
!₹ 70,059<br />
!₹ 1,41,373<br />
!₹ 1,88,467<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Multidimensional poverty ==<br />
According to a report released by [[NITI Aayog]] in 2023 on [[Multidimensional Poverty Index]], West Bengal had a poverty rate of 11.89% as compared to 14.96% at national level in the years 2019–21.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2023 |title=National Multidimensional Poverty Index |url=https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2023-08/India-National-Multidimentional-Poverty-Index-2023.pdf }}</ref> It further decreased to 8.60% in 2022-23 (projected) as compared to 11.28% at national level. Several socialist schemes have helped to reduce poverty and maintain equality of income in the state. The district-wise values of multidimensional poverty is as follows-<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|+Multidimensional Poverty Headcount (district-wise)<br />
!District<br />
!Poverty Headcount (2015–16)<br />
!Poverty Headcount (2019–21)<br />
!Poverty Headcount (2022–23) <br />
(Projected)<br />
|-<br />
|[[Bankura district|Bankura]]<br />
|26.99%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 18.49%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 13.37%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Birbhum]]<br />
|27.35%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 18.27%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 13.21%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cooch Behar district|Coochbehar]]<br />
|21.90%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 10.31%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 7.46%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Dakshin Dinajpur]]<br />
|22.48%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 13.37%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 9.67%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling]]<br />
|11.32%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 5.45%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 3.94%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|12.84%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 6.06%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 4.38%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Hooghly district|Hooghly]]<br />
|14.93%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 7.36%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 5.32%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Jalpaiguri district|Jalpaiguri]]<br />
|21.83%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 8.85%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 6.40%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Kolkata district|Kolkata]]<br />
|2.72%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 2.56%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 1.85%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Malda district|Malda]]<br />
|34.48%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 15.57%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 11.26%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]]<br />
|27.23%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 16.55%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 11.97%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Nadia]]<br />
|11.07%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 8.20%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 5.93%<br />
|-<br />
|[[North 24 Parganas]]<br />
|9.80%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 4.37%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 3.16%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paschim Bardhaman]]<br />
| rowspan="2" |20.33%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 11.20%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 8.10%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Purba Bardhaman]]<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 14.32%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 10.36%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paschim Medinipur]]<br />
|23.82%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 18.14%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 13.12%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Purba Medinipur]]<br />
|14.19%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 12.48%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 9.03%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Purulia district|Purulia]]<br />
|49.69%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 26.84%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 19.41%<br />
|-<br />
|[[South 24 Parganas]]<br />
|28.10%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 10.96%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 7.93%<br />
|-<br />
|[[Uttar Dinajpur]]<br />
|42.84%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 21.65%<br />
|{{decreasepositive}} 15.66%<br />
|-<br />
![[West Bengal]]<br />
!21.29%<br />
!{{decreasepositive}} 11.89%<br />
!{{decreasepositive}} 8.60%<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Foreign direct investment==<br />
Under the overall guidance and policies of the government of India, the West Bengal government welcomes foreign technology and investments as may be appropriate for the needs of the state and is mutually advantageous.<ref name=wbidcpolicies>{{cite web| url=http://www.wbidc.com/about_wb/policies_approvals.htm| title=Policies and approval: foreign direct investment (FDI) policy| publisher=West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation| access-date=5 March 2012| archive-date=5 April 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405152917/http://www.wbidc.com/about_wb/policies_approvals.htm| url-status=dead}}</ref> Foreign direct investment has mostly come in the manufacturing and telecommunication sectors.<ref name=et1012012>{{cite news|url= http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-01-10/news/30611933_1_pwc-india-ambarish-dasgupta-global-best-practices |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130505082441/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-01-10/news/30611933_1_pwc-india-ambarish-dasgupta-global-best-practices |url-status= dead |archive-date= 5 May 2013 | title= PwC sees need for FDI in West Bengal| last= Mazumdar| first= Rakhi| newspaper=The Economic Times|location= New Delhi|date=10 January 2012|access-date=5 March 2012}}</ref> According to the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, Government of India, West Bengal attracted a cumulative FDI investment of ₹13,346.32 crores (US$1,723 million) from October 2019 to September 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2024 |title=FDI Factsheet |url=https://dpiit.gov.in/sites/default/files/FDI%20Factsheet%20September%202024.pdf |website=Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Exports==<br />
West Bengal is one of the country's leading exporters of finished leather goods. In 2023–24, the state accounted for around 6% of the country's exports of leather and leather products. The state accounted for around 70% of India's dried flower exports in 2008–09. The state is also a leading exporter of shrimps and tea.<br />
<br />
However, the rapid industrialisation process has given rise to debate over land acquisition for industry in this agrarian state.<ref name=landproblem>{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2006/10/27/stories/2006102700080100.htm| title = A new dawn beckons West Bengal<br />
| access-date = 29 October 2006| last = Ray Choudhury| first = R| date = 27 October 2006<br />
| publisher = The Hindu Business Line}}</ref> [[NASSCOM]]&ndash;[[Gartner]] ranks West Bengal power infrastructure the best in the country.<ref name=hannoverindia>{{cite web| url = http://www.indiaathannover.org/pdf/exhibitorslist.pdf| title = West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation Ltd.| access-date = 7 September 2006| work = India @ Hannover Messe 2006| publisher = Engineering Export Promotion Council (EEPC), India| pages = 303| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060921080017/http://www.indiaathannover.org/pdf/exhibitorslist.pdf| archive-date = 21 September 2006| url-status = dead}}</ref><br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+Export Goods from West Bengal (2023–24)<ref>{{Cite web |title=NIRYAT Portal |url=https://niryat.gov.in/india#?start_date=202304&end_date=202403&default_table=default&sort_table=export_achieved-sort-desc&state_code=10}}</ref><br />
!Commodity group<br />
!Total Exports<br />
Apr'23 - Mar'24<br />
<br />
($ million)<br />
!% share of total exports<br />
!Total Exports<br />
Apr'24 - Dec'24<br />
<br />
($ million)<br />
!% share of total exports<br />
|-<br />
|Engineering Goods<br />
|3,134.81<br />
|26.83%<br />
|2,292.48<br />
|28.29%<br />
|-<br />
|Gems and Jewellery<br />
|1,485.27<br />
|12.71%<br />
|1,277.46<br />
|13.94%<br />
|-<br />
|Leather and Leather Manufactures<br />
|696.33<br />
|5.96%<br />
|530.03<br />
|5.78%<br />
|-<br />
|Organic and Inorganic Chemicals<br />
|577.6<br />
|4.94%<br />
|512.04<br />
|5.59%<br />
|-<br />
|Petroleum Products<br />
|560.61<br />
|4.80%<br />
|469.57<br />
|5.12%<br />
|-<br />
|Marine Products<br />
|513.12<br />
|4.39%<br />
|434.35<br />
|4.74%<br />
|-<br />
|Electronic Goods<br />
|470.84<br />
|4.03%<br />
|263.58<br />
|2.88%<br />
|-<br />
|Rice<br />
|432.59<br />
|3.70%<br />
|433.56<br />
|4.73%<br />
|-<br />
|Plastic and Linoleum<br />
|357.05<br />
|3.06%<br />
|248.25<br />
|2.71%<br />
|-<br />
|Ready-made garments of all textiles<br />
|321.05<br />
|2.75%<br />
|227.58<br />
|2.48%<br />
|-<br />
|Cereal preparations and misc. processed items<br />
|262.78<br />
|2.25%<br />
|134.28<br />
|1.47%<br />
|-<br />
|Jute Manufacturing including floor covering<br />
|229.45<br />
|1.96%<br />
|194.90<br />
|2.13%<br />
|-<br />
|Tea<br />
|198.99<br />
|1.70%<br />
|177.67<br />
|1.94%<br />
|-<br />
|Cotton Yarn/Fabrics/Madeups, Handloom products, etc.<br />
|174.02<br />
|1.49%<br />
|144.21<br />
|1.57%<br />
|-<br />
|Iron Ore<br />
|166.83<br />
|1.43%<br />
|2.51<br />
|0.03%<br />
|-<br />
|Mica, coal and other ores, minerals including process<br />
|154.56<br />
|1.32%<br />
|110.45<br />
|1.21%<br />
|-<br />
|Man-Made yarn/fabrics/madeups etc.<br />
|121.69<br />
|1.04%<br />
|65.36<br />
|0.71%<br />
|-<br />
!Total<br />
!11,684.64<br />
!2.67%<br />
!9,164.00<br />
!3.20%<br />
|}<br />
The district-wise export data is also available from the [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Ministry of Commerce and Industry]] dashboard.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Export Dashboard |url=https://dashboard.commerce.gov.in/commercedashboard.aspx |website=[[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Ministry of Commerce and Industry]]}}</ref><br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+District-wise Exports from West Bengal<br />
!District<br />
!Total Exports (Apr'23 - Mar'24)<br />
|-<br />
|[[Alipurduar district|Alipurduar]] <br />
|{{INRConvert|1420.36|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Bankura district|Bankura]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|754.24|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Birbhum]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|959.89|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Cooch Behar district|Coochbehar]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|154.08|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Dakshin Dinajpur]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|259.02|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|1238.11|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Howrah district|Howrah]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|11108.81|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Hooghly district|Hooghly]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|4089.29|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Jalpaiguri district|Jalpaiguri]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|2888.71|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Jhargram district|Jhargram]] <br />
|{{INRConvert|123.36|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Kalimpong district|Kalimpong]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|7.70|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Kolkata district|Kolkata]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|38917.16|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Malda district|Malda]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|730.93|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|1023.83|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Nadia]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|267.94|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[North 24 Parganas]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|4178.81|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paschim Bardhaman]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|7104.05|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Purba Bardhaman]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|3229.17|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Paschim Medinipur]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|2708.51|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Purba Medinipur]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|10313.39|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Purulia district|Purulia]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|965.41|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[South 24 Parganas]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|3068.24|c}}<br />
|-<br />
|[[Uttar Dinajpur]]<br />
|{{INRConvert|1227.92|c}}<br />
|-<br />
![[West Bengal]]<br />
!{{INRConvert|102556|c}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Sustainable Development Goals ==<br />
[[NITI Aayog]] releases [[Sustainable Development Goals]] reports at regular intervals. The first report was released in 2018 where West Bengal had a composite score of 56 as compared to 57 of India.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018 |title=NITI Aayog SDG Report 2018 |url=https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2020-07/SDX_Index_India_Baseline_Report_21-12-2018.pdf |access-date=10 August 2024}}</ref> The next report was released in 2019-20 where West Bengal had a composite score of 60 which was the same at the national level.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=NITI Aayog SDG Report 2019-20 |url=https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2020-07/SDG-India-Index-2.0.pdf}}</ref> In the third edition of the report released in 2020–21, West Bengal scored 62 while the national average rose to 66.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NITI Aayog SDG Report 2020-21 |url=https://www.niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/SDG_3.0_Final_04.03.2021_Web_Spreads.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220802005005/https://www.niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/SDG_3.0_Final_04.03.2021_Web_Spreads.pdf |archive-date=2 August 2022}}</ref> In the latest edition of the report during 2023-24 released on 12 July 2024, West Bengal saw a massive improvement of composite score to 70 putting it in the front-runner category while the national average rose to 71.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 July 2024 |title=NITI Aayog SDG Report 2023-24 |url=https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2024-07/SDA_INDIA.pdf}}</ref> The goal-wise scores of West Bengal over the years is given below:<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|+Year-wise Sustainable Development Goal Scores<br />
!No.<br />
!SDG Goals<br />
!2018<br />
!2019-20<br />
!2020-21<br />
!2023-24<br />
|-<br />
|1<br />
|No Poverty<br />
|57<br />
|{{Decrease}} 52<br />
|{{Increase}} 59<br />
|{{Increase}} 63<br />
|-<br />
|2<br />
|Zero Hunger<br />
|50<br />
|{{Decrease}} 40<br />
|{{Increase}} 46<br />
|{{Increase}} 56<br />
|-<br />
|3<br />
|Good Health and Well-being<br />
|66<br />
|{{Increase}} 70<br />
|{{Increase}} 76<br />
|{{Increase}} 79<br />
|-<br />
|4<br />
|Quality Education<br />
|51<br />
|{{Decrease}} 50<br />
|{{Increase}} 54<br />
|{{Increase}} 60<br />
|-<br />
|5<br />
|Gender Equality<br />
|40<br />
|{{Decrease}} 38<br />
|{{Increase}} 41<br />
|{{Increase}} 45<br />
|-<br />
|6<br />
|Clean Water and Sanitation<br />
|54<br />
|{{Increase}} 83<br />
|{{Decrease}} 81<br />
|{{Increase}} 86<br />
|-<br />
|7<br />
|Affordable and Clean Energy<br />
|40<br />
|{{Increase}} 58 <br />
|{{Increase}} 98<br />
|{{Increase}} 100<br />
|-<br />
|8<br />
|Decent Work and Economic Growth<br />
|63<br />
|{{Increase}} 72<br />
|{{Decrease}} 57<br />
|{{Increase}} 63<br />
|-<br />
|9<br />
|Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure<br />
|45<br />
|{{Increase}} 68<br />
|{{Decrease}} 53<br />
|{{Increase}} 66<br />
|-<br />
|10<br />
|Reduced Inequality<br />
|76<br />
|{{Decrease}} 73<br />
|{{Decrease}} 71<br />
|{{Decrease}} 70<br />
|-<br />
|11<br />
|Sustainable Cities and Communities<br />
|25<br />
|{{Increase}} 34<br />
|{{Increase}} 45<br />
|{{Increase}} 54<br />
|-<br />
|12<br />
|Responsible Consumption and Production<br />
| -<br />
|57<br />
|{{Increase}} 79<br />
|{{Increase}} 94<br />
|-<br />
|13<br />
|Climate Action<br />
| -<br />
|37<br />
|{{Increase}} 39<br />
|{{Increase}} 44<br />
|-<br />
|14<br />
|Life Below Water<br />
| -<br />
|43<br />
|{{Increase}} 50<br />
|{{Increase}} 100<br />
|-<br />
|15<br />
|Life on Land<br />
|88<br />
|{{Steady}} 88<br />
|{{Decrease}} 53<br />
|{{Increase}} 91<br />
|-<br />
|16<br />
|Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions<br />
|72<br />
|{{Increase}} 73<br />
|{{Increase}} 81<br />
|{{Increase}} 82<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
!Composite<br />
!56<br />
!{{Increase}} 60<br />
!{{Increase}} 62<br />
!{{Increase}} 70<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Further reading ==<br />
* Bahl, R., Sethi, G., & Wallace, S. (2009). ''[https://ideas.repec.org/p/ays/ispwps/paper0907.html West Bengal: Fiscal Decentralization to Rural Governments: Analysis and Reform Options]'' (No. paper0907). International Center for Public Policy, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University.<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist|40em}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://www.wbfin.nic.in/ Finance Department, Government of West Bengal]<br />
<br />
{{West Bengal topics}}<br />
{{Economy of India topics}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Economy of West Bengal| ]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daagh_Dehlvi&diff=470485Daagh Dehlvi2026-03-20T22:43:49Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian poet (1831-1905)}}<br />
{{redirect|Daagh|the Pakistani television series|Daagh (TV series)}}<br />
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}<br />
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] --><br />
| name = Daagh Dehlvi<br />
| image = DaghDehlviAPoet.jpg<br />
| caption = داغ دہلویؔ<br />
| pseudonym = Daagh<br />
| birth_name = Nawab Mirza Khan<br />
| birth_date = {{birth-date|25 May 1831}}<ref name=goodreads>[https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/7994294.Mirza_Daagh_Dehlvi Profile of Dagh Dehlvi on goodreads.com website] Retrieved 17 May 2018</ref><br />
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], [[Mughal Empire]]<br />
| death_date = {{death-date and age|17 March 1905|25 May 1831}}<ref name=goodreads/><br />
| death_place = [[Hyderabad]], [[Hyderabad State]], [[British India]] (present-day [[Telangana]])<br />
| occupation = Poet<br />
| period = 1831 to 1905<br />
| genre = {{flatlist|<br />
*[[Ghazal]]<br />
*[[qasida]]<br />
*[[mukhammas]]<br />
}}<br />
| subject = Love and human relationships<br />
| movement = <br />
| imagesize = <br />
| notableworks = Gulzar-e-Daagh (1878)<br>Masnavi Fariyad-e-Daagh (1882)<br>Diwan-e-Daagh<br />
| honorific_prefix = <br />
| native_name = {{nq|نواب مرزا خان داغ دہلوی}}<br />
| native_name_lang = ur<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Nawab Mirza Khan''' ({{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq|نواب مرزا خان داغ دہلوی}}}}, 25 May 1831&nbsp;– 17 March 1905), popularly known by his ''[[takhallus]]'' '''Dagh Dehlvi''' was an Indian poet known for his [[Urdu]] ''[[ghazal]]s''. He belonged to the old [[Delhi]] school of [[Urdu poetry]].<ref name=TheHindu/><ref name=urdupoetry/><ref name=Dawn>{{cite news|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/688271|title=Flashback: Remembering a Mughal city (Delhi of Mughal era)|newspaper=Dawn newspaper|url-status=dead|date=15 January 2012|archive-date=18 May 2018|access-date=2 February 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518054945/https://www.dawn.com/news/688271}}</ref><br />
<br />
He wrote romantic and sensuous poems and ''ghazals'' in simple and chaste Urdu, minimising usage of [[Persian language|Persian]] words. He laid great emphasis on the Urdu [[idiom]] and its usage. He wrote under the ''takhallus'' (Urdu word for [[pen name]]) ''Daagh Dehlvi'' (the meanings of ''Daagh'', an Urdu noun, include stain, grief and taint while ''Dehlvi'' means belonging to or from Dehli or Delhi). He belonged to the ''Delhi school of thought'' in Urdu poetry.<ref name=TheHindu/><br />
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His [[honorific]] ''Dabeer ud Dawla, Faseeh ul Mulk, Nawab Nizam Jang Bahadur, Sipah Salar, Yar-e-Wafadar, Muqrib-us-Sultan, Bulbul-e-Hindustan, Jahan Ustad, Nazim Yar Jung'', were the titles bestowed upon him by the sixth [[Nizam of Hyderabad]] [[Mahboob Ali Khan|Mir Mahbub Ali Khan]].<ref name=TheHindu/><br />
<br />
Daagh was considered one of the best romantic poets of his time by some commentators.<ref name=TheHindu/><ref name=goodreads/><br />
<br />
==Life==<br />
<br />
===Early life===<br />
Dehlvi was born in ''Kuucha Ustad Dagh'', [[Chandni Chowk]] in [[Delhi]] to Nawab Shamsuddin Ahmed Khan, the ruler of Loharu and [[Ferozepur Jhirka]] and [[Wazir Khanam|Wazir Khanum]], daughter of a Delhi jeweller.<ref name=IndianExpress>{{cite news|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/finding-wazir/1129442/0 |title=Finding Wazir (Khanum), mother of Daagh Dehlvi|publisher=The Indian Express newspaper|date=26 June 2013|author=Amrita Dutta|access-date=3 February 2026|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025200248/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/finding-wazir/1129442/0}}</ref> Dehlvi's father was hanged under charges of conspiracy in the murder of [[William Fraser (British India civil servant)|William Fraser]].<ref name=TheGuardian>{{cite news|url=http://www.sunday-guardian.com/bookbeat/the-mirror-of-beauty|title=An incandescent star, a polyphonic constellation (19th century Mughal India)|author=Omair Ahmad|date=14 September 2013|newspaper=The Sunday Guardian newspaper|access-date=2 February 2026|archive-date=5 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805171013/http://www.sunday-guardian.com/bookbeat/the-mirror-of-beauty|url-status=dead}}</ref> Dehlvi at the age of four and his mother at age thirty four, the most sought after lady, wooed and remarried the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] [[crown prince]], [[Mirza Muhammad Fakhroo]], an heir to the last Mughal [[Bahadur Shah Zafar]]. Hence, Dehlvi had the privileged education at the [[Delhi]] [[Red Fort]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/GulzarEDaaghSept82003ICCHamidaChopra |title=Gulzar E Daagh, an Urdu literary program on the life and poetry of Daagh Dehlvi|date=8 September 2003|accessdate=17 May 2018}}</ref> There he received best of education and was later under tutelage of poet laureate, [[Mohammad Ibrahim Zauq]]. Later, he also took advice from [[Ghalib]] on finer nuances of Urdu literature and poetry. He was also trained in [[calligraphy]] and [[horse riding]].<ref name=urdupoetry/><br />
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===Literary life===<br />
Dehlvi belonged to the ''Dabistan-e-Dehli'' (Dehli school of thought)<ref name=TheHindu/> and never allowed western influences on his poetry. He started reciting poetry at the age of ten and his forte was the romantic version, the ''ghazal''. He became popular for his poetry. Unlike the elitist style by the poets of the time, his style was simple and was well received by both, the common man and the elite.<ref name=urdupoetry/><br />
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After Mughal prince Fakhroo's death in 1856, Dehlvi along with his mother left Delhi after facing turbulent times in the city, for [[Rampur State]] and came under the aegis of Nawab of Rampur, [[Yusef Ali Khan|Yusuf Ali Khan Bahadur]]. Daagh went into government service there and lived well for 24 years.<ref name=urdupoetry/><br />
<br />
===Later life in Hyderabad Deccan===<br />
Dehlvi stayed in [[Hyderabad]] in 1888 for several months. He left Hyderabad after not being invited to the court by the sixth [[Mahbub Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VI]]'s court, as access to his court was very limited. He then was invited immediately and was appointed as the [[court poet]] and mentor, in 1891, to the Sixth [[Nizam]] [[Mahbub Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VI]], at the age of 60.<ref name=urdupoetry>[http://www.urdupoetry.com/profile/daag.html Profile of Dagh Dehlvi on urdupoetry.com website] Published 28 August 2001, Retrieved 17 May 2018</ref><br />
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Contrary to the impression one gets from his poetry, he did not drink wine and shunned it.<ref name=urdupoetry/><br />
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His couplet on Urdu language was:<ref>[https://rekhta.org/ghazals/kaabe-kii-hai-havas-kabhii-kuu-e-butaan-kii-hai-dagh-dehlvi-ghazals# A complete ghazal by Daagh Dehlvi on rekhta.org website] Retrieved 17 May 2018</ref><br />
{{Verse translation|<br />
{{lang|ur-Latn|Urdu hai jiska naam hamee jante hain Daagh<br />
Hindustan mein dhoom hamari zuban ki hai}}<ref name=TheHindu/><br />
|It is Urdu whose name we know, O Daagh<br />
for our language is being celebrated all over India.}}<br />
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===Death===<br />
He died in 1905 at the age of 74 in [[Hyderabad Deccan]] after a [[Stroke|paralytic stroke]]. He was buried at [[Dargah Yousufain]] in [[Hyderabad]].<ref name=TheHindu>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/dagh-was-the-toast-of-the-town-in-his-heydays/article3013732.ece|title=Dagh was the toast of the town in his heydays|author=J.S. Ifthekhar|publisher=The Hindu newspaper|date=20 March 2012|archive-date=3 February 2014|access-date=1 February 2026|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203075648/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/dagh-was-the-toast-of-the-town-in-his-heydays/article3013732.ece}}</ref><ref name=urdupoetry/><br />
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===Disciples===<br />
Dehlvi's students included [[Allama Iqbal]], [[Hassan Raza Khan]] (1859-1908), [[Jigar Moradabadi]] (1890 &ndash; 1960), [[Seemab Akbarabadi]] and Ahasan Marharavi, though a widely quoted anecdote relates that when asked to designate his successor as the leading Urdu poet of his age, he replied ''Bekhudain [the two Bekhuds]'', referring to [[Bekhud Badayuni]] and [[Bekhud Dehlvi]].<ref name=Dawn/><ref name=urduadab/><br />
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===Popular ghazal songs===<br />
His selected ''ghazals'' are rendered by contemporary ''ghazal'' singers, [[Jagjit Singh]], [[Noor Jehan|Noor Jahan]], [[Iqbal Bano]], [[Ghulam Ali (Ghazal singer)|Ghulam Ali]], [[Adithya Srinivasan]], [[Malika Pukhraj]], [[Mehdi Hassan]], [[Abida Parveen]], [[Begum Akhtar]], [[Pankaj Udhas]] and [[Farida Khanum]].<ref name=urduadab>[http://urduadab4u.blogspot.com/search?q=Daagh+Dehlvi+ Profile of Daagh Dehlvi on urduadab.com website] Retrieved 17 May 2018</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://smriti.com/hindi-songs/uzr-aane-men-bhii-hai-aur-bulaate-bhii-nahiin |title =At Her Best Begum Akhtar (Non-Film) sings Daagh's ghazal|website=Smriti - Hindi Songs Archive|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 June 2009|access-date=2 February 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625144621/https://smriti.com/hindi-songs/uzr-aane-men-bhii-hai-aur-bulaate-bhii-nahiin}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
His work consists of four volumes, consisting of 16,000 [[Urdu poetry|couplets]] and a ''[[Masnavi]]''. The last two volumes he wrote when he was in Hyderabad.<br />
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* ''Gulzar-e-Daagh'' (1878)<br />
* ''Masnavi Fariyad-e-Daagh'' (1882)<br />
* ''Aftab-e-Daagh'' (1885)<br />
* ''Mahtab-e-Daagh'' (1893)<br />
* ''Yaadgar-e-Daagh'' (posthumous, 1905)<br />
* ''Diwan e Daagh''<ref name=goodreads/><br />
* ''Intikhab-e-Kalam Daagh'' (edited by [[Moinuddin Aqeel]])<ref name=goodreads/><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*{{cite web |title=All writings of Dagh Dehlvi |url=https://www.rekhta.org/Poets/dagh-dehlvi/all |website=Rekhta}}<br />
*{{cite web |title=Recitations of the Poetry of Daagh Dehlvi |url=https://xn--mgbqf7g.com/%D9%84%DB%81%D8%AC%DB%81/%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A8/%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%94-%d8%af%db%81%d9%84%d9%88%db%8c |website=Urdu Gah}}<br />
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{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Daagh Dehlvi}}<br />
[[Category:Indian male poets]]<br />
[[Category:Urdu-language Indian poets]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Indian Muslims]]<br />
[[Category:Poets from Delhi]]<br />
[[Category:People from Rampur, Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:1905 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:1831 births]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Hyderabad, India]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Indian poets]]<br />
[[Category:19th-century Indian male writers]]<br />
[[Category:Poets from British India]]<br />
[[Category:Urdu-language poets from the Mughal Empire]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fatema_Tuz_Zohra&diff=455438Fatema Tuz Zohra2026-03-12T01:25:19Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: rework lead to improve readability and updated info</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Bangladeshi Nazrul Geeti singer}}<br />
{{infobox person<br />
|name=Fatema Tuz Zohra<br />
|native_name=ফাতেমা তুজ জোহরা <br />
|native_name_lang=bn<br />
|image=Fatema Tuz Zohra.jpg<br />
|caption=Zohra in 2021<br />
|occupation=Singer<br />
|birth_place=[[Joypurhat District|Joypurhat]], [[Bogra District]]<br />
|awards=[[Ekushey Padak]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Fatema Tuz Zohra''' is a Bangladeshi [[Nazrul Geeti]] singer. She was awarded [[Ekushey Padak]] in 2006 by the [[government of Bangladesh]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://archive.thedailystar.net/2006/02/20/d60220011511.htm|title=13 get Ekushey Padak, ministers dropped from list|date=2006-02-20|newspaper=The Daily Star|access-date=2025-01-22}}</ref> She sings Nazrul Geeti and modern songs. She has acted in television dramas, and performed in various programs. She published a book of poems, a book of two rhymes, a novel, a collection of stories and columns and a music book with Nazrul's songs.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newsg24.com/feature/personality/5471/|script-title=bn:ফাতেমা তুজ জোহরা: যার কণ্ঠে প্রাণ প্রায় নজরুলের গান|language=bn|newspaper=Newsg24|access-date=December 5, 2021}}</ref><br />
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==Early life and career==<br />
Zohra was born in [[Joypurhat District|Joypurhat]], [[Bogra District]].<ref name=ekok/> She studied in Joypurhat Government Girls High School.<ref name=cinema>{{cite news|url=http://bangla.bdnews24.com/glitz/article865356.bdnews|script-title=bn:সিনেমায় ফাতেমা তুজ জোহরা|date=October 12, 2014|access-date=March 5, 2016|author=Jayanta Saha |work=bdnews24.com |language=bn}}</ref> She debuted her music career in 1963.<ref name=media>{{cite news|url=https://archive.thedailystar.net/2005/05/25/d505251402105.htm|date=May 25, 2005|access-date=March 5, 2016|title=The role of media in invigorating mass interest in Nazrul's songs -- Fatema Tuz Zohra|newspaper=The Daily Star}}</ref> She took lessons from Habibur Rahman Shathi and Mithun Dey.<ref name=media/><br />
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===Acting===<br />
Zohra is an actress. In 1974, she started acting in television dramas through the play ''Laguk Dola'' directed by B.M Harun. In this play, she played the role of a mute girl. [[Khaled Khan]] was opposite her. She later acted in the play ''[[Shiulimala]]'' based on the story written by [[Kazi Nazrul Islam]] and the plays ''Last Night'' (2012) and ''Ghater Kotha'' (2016) based on the story written by [[Rabindranath Tagore]].<ref name=ekok>{{cite news|url=https://www.daily-bangladesh.com/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C-%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE/63283|script-title=bn:ফাতেমা তুজ জোহরার একক পরিবেশনা|language=bn|work=Daily Bangladesh|access-date=2025-01-22|date=2018-11-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205123115/https://www.daily-bangladesh.com/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C-%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE/63283|archive-date=2021-12-05}}</ref> As of 2014, she has performed in 11 drama plays.<ref name=cinema/><br />
<br />
==Awards==<br />
* [[Ekushey Padak]] (2006)<br />
* [[Kabi Nazrul Institute#Nazrul Award|Nazrul Award]] (2017)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/event/nazrul-award-2017-conferred-1455073|title=Nazrul Award 2017 conferred|date=August 28, 2017|access-date=August 29, 2017|newspaper=The Daily Star|first=Naziba|last=Basher}}</ref><br />
* [[Bangla Academy (Bangladesh)|Bangla Academy Honorary Fellow]] (2014)<br />
* Theatre Honoring<br />
* Press Club Award<br />
* Sher-e-Bangla Memorial Medal<br />
* Freedom Forum Honoring<br />
* Pure Stage Award from London<br />
* British Columbia Honoring Award<br />
* [[Kazi Nazrul University|Nazrul University Award]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zohra, Fatema Tuz}}<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Recipients of the Ekushey Padak]]<br />
[[Category:Honorary Fellows of Bangla Academy]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Bangladeshi women singers]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Bangladeshi women singers]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali-language singers]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali musicians]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali singers]]<br />
<br />
{{Bangladesh-singer-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kunjikoonan&diff=511185Kunjikoonan2026-03-08T20:09:48Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Put Up A Entry Added Tags</p>
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<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| image = Kunjikoonan.jpg<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = VCD cover<br />
| director = [[Sasi Shanker]]<br />
| based_on = {{based on|''Vikalanga Varsham''|Benny P. Nayarambalam}}<br />
| producer = Milan Jaleel<br />
| writer = [[Benny P. Nayarambalam]]<br />
| starring = [[Dileep (actor)|Dileep]]<br/>[[Navya Nair]]<br/>[[Manya (actress)|Manya]]<br/>[[Saikumar (Malayalam actor)|Sai Kumar]]<br />
| music = [[Mohan Sitara]]<br />
| cinematography = [[P. Sukumar]]<br>[[Saloo George]]<br />
| editing = [[Ranjan Abraham]]<br />
| studio = Galaxy films<br />
| distributor = <br />
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2002|10|11}}<br />
| runtime = 155 minutes<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Malayalam<br />
| budget = ₹1.9 crore<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.rediff.com/entertai/2002/oct/16south.htm|title=Kunjikoonan Limps|work=[[Rediff.com]]|date=12 May 2007}}</ref><br />
| gross = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Kunjikoonan''''' ({{translation|The little [[hunchback]]}}) is a 2002 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[comedy drama]] film directed by [[Sasi Shanker]] and produced by Milan Jaleel under his banner Galaxy Films. The film's script was written by Benny P. Nayarambalam, based on his own stage play ''Vikalanga Varsham''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies/interview/23323/ |title=വിജയത്തിന്റെ ഫസ്റ്റ് ബെല്, Interview – Mathrubhumi Movies |publisher=Mathrubhumi.com |date=2008-10-29 |accessdate=2015-02-26 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226164117/http://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies/interview/23323/ |archivedate=26 February 2015 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> It stars [[Dileep]], [[Navya Nair]] and [[Manya (actress)|Manya]]. Dileep plays dual roles in this movie and won [[Asianet Film Awards]] for Best Actor. The film was later remade into different Indian languages, such as ''[[Perazhagan]]'' (2004) in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Manmatha (film)|''Manmatha'']] (2006) in [[Kannada]]. The film was a commercial success, and Dileep's handicapped character was praised by the critics.<br />
<br />
== Plot ==<br />
The story revolves around Vimal Kumar alias Kunjan, a village [[telephone booth]] owner who is sympathized for his [[hunchback]] looks and is lauded for selfless service to others. He covers up his handicap with humor. Unmindful of his looks, Vimal goes around seeking a suitable bride with the help of his friend, Thoma. Brushing aside many an insult hurled at him, he carries on. He carried the hardships of his life on his back and the pain of others too. He was of peak human morals, a man of great virtue.<br />
<br />
In contrast to him is Prasad, a violent college student and a well-talented [[basketball]] player, who loves his classmate, Lakshmi. She comes across Vimal, who assures her that he will get her married to the man of her heart. However, she is killed in a [[wikt:fracas|fracas]] by a dreaded gangster named Vasu. Prasad gets accused of the murder and is jailed. Vimal saves Prasad by telling Lakshmi's father, [[Inspector|CI]] Madhavan, that Vasu actually killed her, and he was helping them elope and get married. Vasu gets arrested, and Prasad gets released. Meanwhile, Vimal comes across an orphaned blind girl, Chembagam. He wins her heart by helping her out.<br />
<br />
Thanks to his efforts, Chembagam regains her vision through Lakshmi's eyes. This results in a tussle between Vimal and Prasad as to who Chembagam belongs to now. However, fearing his looks, Vimal decides to make way for the other after he sees Prasad and Chembagam together and misunderstands them. Thoma later finds him and tells him that Chembagam is waiting for him. They decide to get married, but on the night before their wedding, Vasu comes to Vimal's house to kill him. After he learns that Vimal is going to get married, Vasu tries to rape Chembagam. Vimal saves her, but Vasu tries to kill Vimal. When she runs away, Prasad catches her. When he sees Vasu going to kill Vimal, he saves him by fighting off Vasu and killing him, thereby avenging Lakshmi's death. Prasad approves Kunjan and Chembagam before being sent to jail.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
{{colbegin}}<br />
*[[Dileep (actor)|Dileep]] in dual role as:<br />
**Vimal Kumar (Kunjan), a hunchbacked [[telephone booth]] owner<br />
**Prasad, a short-tempered college student and sports player<br />
*[[Navya Nair]] as Chembakam, Kunjan's love interest<br />
*[[Manya (actress)|Manya]] as Lakshmi, Prasad's love interest<br />
*[[Sai Kumar (Malayalam actor)|Sai Kumar]] as 'Garudan' Vasu, the main antagonist <br />
*[[Cochin Haneefa]] as Thoma, Kunjan's friend<br />
*[[Salim Kumar]] as Chandran, Thoma's associate<br />
*[[Machan Varghese]] as Divakaran<br />
*[[Bindu Panicker]] as Aishumma, Kunjan's mother <br />
*[[Guinness Pakru]] as Suhasini (voice dubbed by [[Anandavalli]])<br />
*[[Nedumudi Venu]] as [[Constable]] Padmanabhan, Prasad's father<br />
*Manka Mahesh as Prasad's mother<br />
*[[Spadikam George]] as [[Circle Inspector|CI]] Madhavan, Lakshmi's father<br />
*[[Reena (actress)|Reena]] as Lakshmi's mother<br />
*[[Geetha Salam]] as Chembakam's father<br />
*[[Narayanankutty]] as Chayakada owner<br />
*[[Johny Antony]] as a caller at the Telephone booth (special appearance)<br />
*Deepika Mohan<br />
*[[Nithya Das]] in a [[cameo role]] as Kunjan's dream wife<br />
{{colend}}<br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
<br />
=== Filming ===<br />
The film was mainly shot at various locations in [[Thodupuzha]]. It was filmed in 83 days.<br />
<br />
== Soundtrack ==<br />
{{Infobox album<br />
| name = Kunjikoonan<br />
| type = soundtrack<br />
| artist = [[Mohan Sithara]]<br />
| cover =<br />
| alt =<br />
| released = 2002<br />
| recorded = <br />
| venue =<br />
| studio =<br />
| genre =<br />
| length = {{Duration|m=39|s=12}}<br />
| language = [[Malayalam]]<br />
| label = [[Satyam Audios]]<br />
| producer = <br />
| prev_title = [[Oomappenninu Uriyadappayyan]]<br />
| prev_year = 2002<br />
| next_title = [[Pranayamanithooval]]<br />
| next_year = 2002<br />
}}<br />
The songs of this movie were composed by [[Mohan Sithara]] and penned by [[Yusufali Kechery]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.msidb.org/m.php?2381|title=Kunjikkoonan (2002)|accessdate=2021-08-17|publisher=malayalasangeetham.info}}</ref> In 2002, [[Radhika Thilak]] received best female playback singer award from [[Kerala Film Critics Association Awards|Kerala film critics association]] for the song "Omanamalare Ninmaran".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2016/Aug/11/filmmaker-sasi-shankar-dies-at-58-1507915.html|title=Filmmaker Sasi Shankar dies at 58|work=[[The Indian Express]]|date=11 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://specials.rediff.com/movies/2007/aug/02slide1.htm|title=The hunchback of Manmatha|work=[[Rediff.com]]|date=12 May 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/photo-features/magical-makeovers-of-mollywood-actors/photostory/64134970.cms|title=Magical makeovers of Mollywood actors|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=12 May 2018}}</ref><br />
<br />
{{Track listing<br />
| headline = <br />
| extra_column = Artist(s)<br />
| total_length = 39:12<br />
| all_lyrics = [[Yusufali Kechery]]<br />
| all_music = [[Mohan Sithara]]<br />
| title1 = Azhake Varu Nee<br />
| extra1 = Mahadevan<br />
| length1 = 4:23<br />
| title2 = Katte Poonkatte<br />
| extra2 = [[P. Jayachandran]]<br />
| length2 = 5:00<br />
| title3 = Kadanja Chandanamo<br />
| extra3 = [[K. J. Yesudas]]<br />
| length3 = 4:25<br />
| title4 = Kanne Unaru Nee (Male Version)<br />
| extra4 = K. J. Yesudas<br />
| length4 = 5:18<br />
| title5 = Kanne Unaru Nee (Female Version)<br />
| extra5 = [[Sujatha Mohan]]<br />
| length5 = 5:16<br />
| title6 = Kunjante Penninu (Male Version)<br />
| extra6 = [[Vidhu Prathap]]<br />
| length6 = 4:46<br />
| title7 = Kunjante Penninu (Female Version)<br />
| extra7 = [[Jyotsna Radhakrishnan]], Hridya Suresh<br />
| length7 = <br />
| title8 = Omana Malare<br />
| extra8 = [[Radhika Thilak]]<br />
| length8 = 5:01<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Reception ==<br />
A critic from ''Nowrunning'' wrote that "Dileep scores again with his new release kunjikoonan. This time he comes in double role, one that of a handicap and has excelled in the role and the other as handsome college boy which is not worth mentioning. Those who expect an entertainer like 'Meesha Madhavan' are likely to be disappointed, at least to some extent".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nowrunning.com/movie/130/malayalam/kunjikoonan/52/review.htm|title=Kunjikoonan Review &#124; Kunjikoonan Malayalam Movie Review by Vins|date=25 September 2002}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Sify]]'' wrote that "The highlight of the film is Dileep in the title role and he is extraordinary. Here is one of his most lovable performances as the handicap, though as the handsome Prasad he just passes muster.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sify.com/movies/kunjikoonan-review-malayalam-pcluuzjdbhegi.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410213601/https://www.sify.com/movies/kunjikoonan-review-malayalam-pcluuzjdbhegi.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 April 2022|title=Kunjikoonan|website=[[Sify]] }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Accolades==<br />
;[[Kerala Film Critics Association Awards]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-17 |title=Film Critics Awards Complete List From 1977 Till 2012 |url=https://www.keralafilmcritics.com/2020/10/film-critics-awards-complete-list-from.html |website=Kerala Film Critics Association}}</ref><br />
* [[Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Director|Best Actor]] – Dileep<br />
* [[Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] – Navya Nair<br />
* [[Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Best Female Playback Singer]] – Radhika Thilak<br />
* Special Jury Award – Saikumar<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{IMDb title|0356803|Kunjikoonan}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2002 Malayalam-language films]]<br />
[[Category:2002 romantic comedy-drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy-drama films]]<br />
[[Category:2002 films]]<br />
[[Category:Malayalam films remade in other languages]]<br />
[[Category:Films about disability in India]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Thodupuzha]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by Mohan Sithara]]<br />
[[Category:Indian films based on plays]]<br />
[[Category:Films about lookalikes]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by Sasi Shanker]]<br />
[[Category:Malayalam-language romantic comedy-drama films]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mrs._Mukhyamantri&diff=518654Mrs. Mukhyamantri2026-03-06T10:42:27Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Added new post with sources</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|2019 Indian Marathi language TV series}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox television<br />
| image = Mrs. Mukhyamantri.jpg<br />
| image_size = <br />
| genre = [[Family drama]]<br />
| creator = <br />
| based_on = <br />
| writer = Tejas Ghadge<br />
| director = Harish Shirke<br />
| starring = [[#Cast|See below]]<br />
| theme_music_composer = [[AV Prafullachandra]]<br />
| opentheme = "''Mi Miravnar, Saglyanchi Jiravnar''"<br />
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-camera]]<br />
| composer = [[AV Prafullachandra]]<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Marathi<br />
| num_seasons = <br />
| num_episodes = 295<br />
| list_episodes = <br />
| producer = [[Shweta Shinde]]<br>Sanjay Khambe<br />
| company = [[Vajra Production]]<br />
| news_editor = <br />
| location = [[Satara district|Satara]], [[Maharashtra]]<br />
| cinematography = <br />
| runtime = 22 minutes<br />
| first_aired = {{start date|df=yes|2019|06|24}}<br />
| last_aired = {{end date|df=yes|2020|09|12}}<br />
| related = <br />
| network = [[Zee Marathi]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Mrs. Mukhyamantri''''' ({{translation|Mrs. Chief Minister}}) is an Indian [[Marathi language]] television series which aired on [[Zee Marathi]].<ref>{{Cite news|title='Mrs. Mukhyamantri' to air a dream sequence; Samar to find Sumi dressed up as Shakuntala - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mrs-mukhyamantri-to-air-a-dream-sequence-samar-to-find-sumi-dressed-up-as-shakuntala/articleshow/74461019.cms|access-date=2021-09-07|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=3 March 2020 }}</ref> It starred Amruta Dhongade and Tejas Barve in lead roles.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Mrs. Mukhyamantri completes 200 episodes; team celebrates the occasion - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mrs-mukhyamantri-completes-200-episodes-team-celebrates-the-occasion/articleshow/74084163.cms|access-date=2022-07-05|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=11 February 2020}}</ref> It premiered from 24 June 2019 by replacing ''[[Lagira Zala Ji]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Marathi TV show Mrs. Mukhyamantri completes a year - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/marathi-tv-show-mrs-mukhyamantri-completes-a-year-actor-tejas-barve-thanks-everyone-for-the-support/articleshow/76626587.cms|access-date=2020-12-02|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=25 June 2020 }}</ref> It is produced by [[Shweta Shinde]] under the banner of [[Vajra Production]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Mrs. Mukhyamantri to go off-air soon - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/amruta-dhongade-and-tejas-barve-starrer-tv-show-mrs-mukhyamantri-to-go-off-air-soon/articleshow/77930849.cms|access-date=2020-12-02|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=4 September 2020 }}</ref><br />
<br />
== Plot ==<br />
It is a story revolves around a young small-town girl Suman from [[Satara district|Satara]], who becomes Mrs. Mukhyamantri due to the twists of fate. Suman's mother dies when she was very young. She is a hardworking girl who is trying to make a living for herself. She lives with her drunkard and steals money father Tatya. Samarsingh Mantri-Patil is a pilot by profession. Anuradha Mantri-Patil has always dreamt to become Mrs. Mukhyamantri and wants her husband Shersingh Mantri-Patil to becomes Mukhyamantri.<br />
<br />
=== Special episode ===<br />
* 22 September 2019 (2 hours) (Samar-Sumi's Marriage)<ref>{{Cite news|title=Samar and Sumi tie the knot - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/samar-and-sumi-tie-the-knot/articleshow/71262996.cms|access-date=2021-09-07|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=23 September 2019 }}</ref><br />
* 15 December 2019 (1 hour)<ref>{{Cite news|title=Amruta Dhongade turns Mrs Mukhyamantri - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/amruta-dhongade-turns-mrs-mukhyamantri/articleshow/69858569.cms|access-date=2023-08-27|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Cast ==<br />
=== Main ===<br />
* Amruta Dhongade as Suman Suresh More / Suman Samarsingh Mantri-Patil (Sumi)<br />
* Tejas Barve as Samarsingh Shersingh Mantri-Patil<br />
<br />
=== Recurring ===<br />
* Rajashri Sawant-Wad / Vandana Sardesai-Waknis as Anuradha Shersingh Mantri-Patil<br />
* Sunil Shetye as Shersingh Mantri-Patil<br />
* Gajanan Kumbhar / Shrikant KT as Suresh More<br />
* [[Hemangi Kavi]] as Ragini Shinde (Dhanashri)<br />
* Raju Bawdekar as Narsu<br />
* Bhakti Zanzane as Shalini<br />
* Rohit Chavan as Baban<br />
* Veena Katti as Bayo<br />
* Rukmini Sutar as Bhama<br />
* Rahul Belapurkar as Laxman<br />
* Savita Gaikwad as Geeta<br />
<br />
== Reception ==<br />
=== Ratings ===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"<br />
! rowspan="2" | Week<br />
! rowspan="2" | Year<br />
! colspan="2" | [[Broadcast Audience Research Council|BARC]] Viewership<br />
! rowspan="2" | Ref.<br />
|-<br />
! [[Target Rating Point|TRP]]<br />
! Rank<br />
|-<br />
|Week 31<br />
|2019<br />
|3.5<br />
|5<br />
|<ref>{{Cite news|title=Mrs. Mukhyamantri enter in the top 5 list of TRP chart - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/mrs-mukhyamantri-enter-in-the-top-5-list-of-trp-chart/articleshow/70605213.cms|access-date=2021-04-15|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=9 August 2019 }}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 32<br />
|2019<br />
|3.3<br />
|5<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: 'या' मालिकेची नव्यानं एंट्री, पाहा आठवड्यात कोण आहे टॉपवर|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/new-trp-rating-trp-meter-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-ranada-rocks-again-mhmj-400738.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|date=19 August 2019 |language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411041623/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/new-trp-rating-trp-meter-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-ranada-rocks-again-mhmj-400738.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 33<br />
|2019<br />
|3.5<br />
|5<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Week 34<br />
|2019<br />
|3.5<br />
|5<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=कोणत्या मराठी मालिकेची TRP सर्वात जास्त आहे?|url=https://biomarathi.com/top-trp-marathi-shows/|access-date=2021-03-08|website=Bio Marathi|language=mr|archive-date=2021-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811134916/https://biomarathi.com/top-trp-marathi-shows/|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 35<br />
|2019<br />
|3.7<br />
|5<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: 'मिसेस मुख्यमंत्री'ची लोकप्रियता कायम, 'ही' मालिका अजूनही नंबर १|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-rating-6th-sept-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-mrs-mukhyamantri-is-constant-mazya-navryachi-bayako-zee-marathi-mhsd-405284.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|date=6 September 2019 |language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411044632/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/trp-rating-6th-sept-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-mrs-mukhyamantri-is-constant-mazya-navryachi-bayako-zee-marathi-mhsd-405284.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 36<br />
|2019<br />
|3.5<br />
|5<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: प्रेक्षकांचा कौल कायम, 'या' मालिकेनं मारली बाजी|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-rating-12-sept-tuzyat-jiv-rangla-no-1-and-mrs-mukhyamantri-no-5-on-zee-marathi-mhsd-406678.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|date=12 September 2019 |language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411041625/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/photogallery/entertainment/trp-rating-12-sept-tuzyat-jiv-rangla-no-1-and-mrs-mukhyamantri-no-5-on-zee-marathi-mhsd-406678.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 37<br />
|2019<br />
|3.4<br />
|4<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: प्रेक्षकांची पसंती कायम, तरीही 'या' मालिकेला मिळाली बढती|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-ratings-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-mazya-navryachi-bayako-no-2-sambhaji-mrs-mukhyamantri-mhsd-408389.html|access-date=2021-09-03|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|date=19 September 2019 |language=mr|archive-date=2021-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903051527/https://lokmat.news18.com/photogallery/entertainment/trp-ratings-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-no-1-mazya-navryachi-bayako-no-2-sambhaji-mrs-mukhyamantri-mhsd-408389.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 38<br />
|2019<br />
|3.6<br />
|4<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=#TRP मीटर: कशात रंगलाय प्रेक्षकांचा जीव? या आठवड्यातल्या टॉप ५ मालिका|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-ratings-26th-sept-mrs-mukhyamantri-no-4-and-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-is-on-1st-mhsd-409955.html|access-date=2022-04-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|date=26 September 2019 |language=mr|archive-date=2022-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220411041624/https://lokmat.news18.com/amp/entertainment/trp-ratings-26th-sept-mrs-mukhyamantri-no-4-and-tuzyat-jiv-rangala-is-on-1st-mhsd-409955.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 39<br />
|2019<br />
|4.5<br />
|4<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=टीआरपीच्या रेसमध्ये चला हवा येऊ द्या पाचव्या नंबरला, जाणून घ्या कोणती मालिका ठरली अव्वल|url=https://www.lokmat.com/filmy/television/tujhyat-jeev-rangala-number-one-barc-india/|access-date=2021-03-08|website=[[Lokmat]]|language=mr}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 41<br />
|2019<br />
|3.4<br />
|4<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Week 42<br />
|2019<br />
|3.5<br />
|4<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Week 44<br />
|2019<br />
|3.7<br />
|5<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Week 45<br />
|2019<br />
|3.6<br />
|4<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Week 46<br />
|2019<br />
|3.2<br />
|5<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Week 49<br />
|2019<br />
|3.2<br />
|5<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Week 9<br />
|2020<br />
|2.7<br />
|5<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=TRP मध्ये 'स्वराज्यरक्षक संभाजी' मालिकेचा दबदबा कायम, 'नवऱ्याच्या बायको'ला फटका|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-serial-top-in-trp-miter-mhmj-441210.html|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|date=13 March 2020 |language=mr|archive-date=2021-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903051524/https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/swarajya-rakshak-sambhaji-serial-top-in-trp-miter-mhmj-441210.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 10<br />
|2020<br />
|2.7<br />
|4<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title='रात्रीस खेळ चाले २'ची टॉप ५ मध्ये दणदणीत एंट्री, असा आहे या आठवड्याचा TRP मीटर|url=https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-ratings-of-the-week-ratris-khel-chale-in-top-5-serials-zee-marathi-mhmj-442273.html|access-date=2021-08-11|website=[[News18 Lokmat]]|date=19 March 2020 |language=mr|archive-date=2021-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616175056/https://lokmat.news18.com/entertainment/trp-ratings-of-the-week-ratris-khel-chale-in-top-5-serials-zee-marathi-mhmj-442273.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 11<br />
|2020<br />
|2.5<br />
|5<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|Week 13<br />
|2020<br />
|1.9<br />
|4<br />
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Marathi TV Serials TRP Ratings: 28 March (Saturday) to 3 April 2020 (Friday)|url=https://www.1films.in/2020/02/marathi-tv-serials-trp-ratings-weekly-list-jan-feb-march-2020-updated.html?m=1}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 28<br />
|2020<br />
|2.3<br />
|4<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title='या' मराठी मालिका करतात प्रेक्षकांच्या मनावर राज्य; टीआरपीमध्ये आहेत अव्वल|url=https://www.loksatta.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/2226290/top-5-most-watched-marathi-tv-serials-as-per-week-28-trp-asy-88/lite/|access-date=2021-09-05|website=[[Loksatta]]|language=mr}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|Week 29<br />
|2020<br />
|1.9<br />
|5<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Awards ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ [[Zee Marathi Utsav Natyancha Awards]] 2019<br />
!Category<br />
!Recipients<br />
!Role<br />
|-<br />
|Best Actress<br />
|Amruta Dhongade<br />
|Suman<br />
|-<br />
|Best Siblings<br />
|Rohit Chavan-Amruta Dhongade<br />
|Baban-Sumi<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Adaptations ==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; margin-right: 0;"<br />
|- style="color:white"<br />
! style="background:Purple; width:10%;"| Language<br />
! style="background:Purple; width:25%;"| Title<br />
! style="background:Purple; width:20%;"| Original release<br />
! style="background:Purple; width:10%;"| Network(s)<br />
! style="background:Purple; width:10%;"| Last aired<br />
! style="background:Purple; width:10%;"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [[Marathi language|Marathi]]<br />
| ''Mrs. Mukhyamantri'' <br> मिसेस मुख्यमंत्री<br />
| 24 June 2019<br />
| [[Zee Marathi]]<br />
| 12 September 2020<br />
| Original<br />
|-<br />
| [[Telugu language|Telugu]]<br />
| ''[[Mithai Kottu Chittemma]]'' <br> మిఠాయి కొట్టు చిట్టెమ్మ<br />
| 29 March 2021<br />
| [[Zee Telugu]]<br />
| 19 August 2023<br />
| Remake<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb title|tt10738960}}<br />
* [https://www.zee5.com/tvshows/details/mrs-mukhyamantri/0-6-1860 ''Mrs. Mukhyamantri''] at [[ZEE5]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Marathi-language television shows]]<br />
[[Category:Zee Marathi original programming]]<br />
[[Category:2019 Indian television series debuts]]<br />
[[Category:2020 Indian television series endings]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vidyapathi&diff=544319Vidyapathi2026-03-06T03:43:11Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding Some Stub First Draft</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Blacklisted-links|1=<br />
*https://chasingcinema.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/text.pdf<br />
*:''Triggered by <code>\bfiles\.wordpress\.com\b</code> on the global blacklist''|bot=Cyberbot II|invisible=true}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Vidyapathi<br />
| image = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| director = [[A. T. Krishnaswamy|A. T. Krishnasami]]<br />
| producer = G. Mani-C. Sundaram<br />
| writer = <br />
| screenplay = [[A. T. Krishnaswamy|A. T. Krishnasami]]<br />
| story = <br />
| based_on = {{based on|Vidyasagar (Novel)|K. Doraiswami Iyengar}}<br />
| starring = [[T. R. Ramachandran]]<br>T. Premavathi<br />
| narrator = <br />
| music = Adeppalli Rama Rao<br />
| cinematography = P. Ramasami<br />
| editing = T. R. Gopu<br />
| studio = [[Central Studios]]<br />
| distributor = <br />
| released = {{film date|df=yes|1946|10|17|India}}<ref name=anandan>{{cite book|url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1946-cinedetails11.asp|title=Sadhanaigal Padaitha Thamizh Thiraipada Varalaru|trans-title=History of Landmark Tamil Films|publisher=Sivakami Publishers|author=Film News Anandan|authorlink=Film News Anandan|date= 23 October 2004|location=Chennai|language=Tamil|url-status=usurped|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409091743/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1946-cinedetails11.asp|archivedate=9 April 2017}}</ref><br />
| runtime = 2 hrs 43 mins (14750 ft.)<br />
| country = India<br />
| language = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]<br />
| budget = <br />
| gross = <br />
}}<br />
'''''Vidyapathi''''' is a [[List of Tamil films of 1946|1946]] Indian, [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language film produced by M. Somasundaram and Mohideen under the banner ''Jupiter Pictures'' and directed by A. T. Krishnasami.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Ashish Rajadhyaksha |author2=Paul Willemen |title=Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema|publisher=Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1998|pages=654 |url=https://chasingcinema.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/text.pdf}}</ref> The film stars [[T. R. Ramachandran]], T. Premavathi and [[K. Thavamani Devi]].<br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
A young man tells his parents that he will marry only after ''woo''ing and loving a girl. He sees an ad in a matrimonial column and goes to meet the girl. On his way he is robbed. He is left behind only with a loin cloth. A fake [[sadhu]] finds him and takes him with him. The fake Sadhu makes the young man into a yogi. In the meantime, a [[zamindar]] who has an affair with a devadasi (dancer), neglects his wife and daughter. The Sadhu introduces the yogi (the young man) to the young woman with an idea for making money. But the young man and woman fall in love with each other. After many twists and turns, they both marry.<ref name=hindu>{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/randor-guy-on-comedianhero-t-r-ramachandran-played-many-parts/article7329320.ece | title=Played many parts | work=[[The Hindu]] | date=18 June 2015 | accessdate=9 April 2017|last=Guy|first=Randor|authorlink=Randor Guy | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409094202/http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/randor-guy-on-comedianhero-t-r-ramachandran-played-many-parts/article7329320.ece| archivedate=9 April 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
Cast According to the film's song book<ref name="song book">{{Cite book |url=https://eap.bl.uk/archive-file/EAP689-27-1-19 |title=Vidyapathi |publisher=Central Studios |year=1946 |language=ta |type=[[song book]]}}</ref><br />
{{Col-begin|width=70%}}<br />
{{col-break|width=50%}}<br />
;Male Cast<br />
* [[T. R. Ramachandran]] as Vidyapathi <br />
* [[D. Balasubramaniam|D. Bala Subramaniam]] as Zamindar <br />
* M. R. Swaminathan as Muruganadavi<br />
* [[M. N. Nambiar]] as Narayana Bhagavathar<br />
* T. N. Sivathanu as Kalyanam<br />
* K. Srinivasan as Venu (Rowdy)<br />
* B. Rajagopala Iyer as Ramayana Bhagavathar<br />
* Nat Annaji Rao as Sub Magistrate<br />
* N. S. Narayana Pillai as Sub Inspector<br />
* T. M. Gopal as Munirathnam (Rowdy)<br />
* N. Shankaramoorthy as Veeranna Reddy<br />
;Male Support Cast<br />
P. G. Madhavan, [[Sandow M. M. A. Chinnappa Thevar|M. M. A. Chinnappa]], C. P. Kittan,<br />P. M. Saminathan, R. Ramasami Iyer, A. C. Irusappa,<br />S. T. Lakshmanan, S. Meenakshi Subramaniam,<br />K. Jaganathan, M. Satya Narayanan, K. Rajarathnam,<br />T. A. Natarajan, A. Ganesh Singh, T. R. Rajagopal,<br />and D. K. Chinnappa.<br />
{{col-break|width=50%}}<br />
;Female Cast<br />
* T. Premavathi as Aparanji<br />
* [[K. Thavamani Devi]] as Dasi Mohanambal<br />
* M. S. Bhagyam as Narayana Bhagavathar's Wife<br />
* M. M. Radha Bai as Magathambal<br />
* D. S. Krishnaveni as Female Zamindar<br />
* [[T. G. Kamala Devi]] as Kamala<br />
* [[C. K. Saraswathi]] as Veerayi<br />
* R. Malathi as Malayala Bhagavathi<br />
* D. Kamala Bai as Nurse<br />
;Female Support Cast<br />
C. K. Nirmala, M. K. Subhadra, R. Bharathi, K. Lakshmi,<br />N. R. Meera, M. K. Nagalakshmi, T. R. Chandra, P. P. Mary,<br />S. S. Lalithambal, K. Thangamani, S. Govinthammal,<br />T. P. Lakshmi, and K. Rathnam.<br />
{{col-end}}<br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
K. Thavamani Devi performed a Western-type dance choreographed by Mrs. Rainbird and the background music was provided by C. G. Rob and his party. The Tamil song had English words intermingled which was a novelty at that time. "Here goes the song.... ‘Atho rendu (there the two)....Black eyes! Ennai paarthu (Looking at me)...Once, twice! Kannai chimitti (winking!)... Dolly! Kai kotti (with hands)...Calls me! I will dance for you!'". The English words in the song were penned by K. Thavamani Devi herself. She also designed her own costume.<ref name=guy>{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/Vidyapathi-1946/article15685824.ece | title=Vidyapathi 1946 | work=[[The Hindu]] | date=14 November 2010 | accessdate=9 April 2017|last=Guy|first=Randor|authorlink=Randor Guy | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170409103056/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/Vidyapathi-1946/article15685824.ece| archivedate=9 April 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Soundtrack==<br />
Music was composed by Adeppalli Rama Rao while the lyrics were penned by [[Udumalai Narayana Kavi]]. Singers are [[T. G. Kamala Devi]], [[K. Thavamani Devi]], [[T. R. Ramachandran]], and [[M. N. Nambiar]]. The only playback singer is K. V. Janaki.<ref name="song book" /><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! No !! Song !! Singer !! Length (m:ss)<br />
|-<br />
| 1 || "Aadu Radde Suzhanrudu Radde" || [[T. G. Kamala Devi]] || <br />
|-<br />
| 2 || "Raman Varuvaarodi" || K. V Janaki || 02:52<br />
|-<br />
| 3 || "Atho Rendu" ... Black eyes<br />"Ennai Parthu" ... Once twice<br />"Kannai Chimitti" ... Dolly<br />"Kaiyai Kotti" ... Calls me! || [[K. Thavamani Devi]] ||<br />
|-<br />
| 4 || "Enpalli Kondeerayya" || K. V. Janaki || 04:11<br />
|-<br />
| 5 || "Aantavane Enaiyal" || [[T. R. Ramachandran]] || <br />
|-<br />
| 6 || "Booloka Janaki Mane ... Shri Ramasami Ramana" || T. R. Ramachandran, K. V. Janaki || <br />
|-<br />
| 7 || "Thayapara Jeevanilla Thegam Yano" || K. V. Janaki || 02:59<br />
|-<br />
| 8 || "Arivenaiya Un Antharangam" || Dance || <br />
|-<br />
| 9 || "Ragupathi Ragava Raja Ram" || [[M. N. Nambiar]] || <br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Reception==<br />
The film did not fare well at the box-office. Film historian [[Randor Guy]] wrote in 2010 that the film is "Remembered for the interesting storyline, witty dialogue, fine song and dance numbers and Thavamani's exciting screen presence."<ref name=guy /><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Indian comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian satirical films]]<br />
[[Category:Films based on Tamil novels]]<br />
[[Category:1946 comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:1946 films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]<br />
[[Category:1940s satirical films]]<br />
[[Category:1946 Tamil-language films]]<br />
[[Category:1946 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Jupiter Pictures films]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by A. T. Krishnaswamy]]<br />
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jamai_420&diff=471571Jamai 4202026-03-04T00:27:43Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: added references</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|2015 Indian Bengali film by Rabi Kinagi}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Jamai 420<br />
| image = Jamai_420_First_Look.jpg<br />
| alt = DVD Cover<br />
| caption = First Look Poster<br />
| director = [[Rabi Kinagi]]<br />
| producer = [[Shrikant Mohta]]<br/>[[Mahendra Soni]]<br/>[[Nispal Singh]]<br />
| writer = [[Rabi Kinagi]]<br />
| screenplay = <br />
| story = <br />
| based_on = <br />
| starring = [[Ankush Hazra]]<br />[[Hiran Chatterjee]]<br />[[Soham Chakraborty]]<br/>[[Payel Sarkar]]<br/>[[Mimi Chakraborty]]<br/>[[Nusrat Jahan]]<br />
| narrator = <br />
| music = Dev Sen<br>[[Dabbu]]<br />
| cinematography = S.D. Jaan<br />
| editing = <br />
| studio = [[Shree Venkatesh Films]]<br />
| distributor = [[Shree Venkatesh Films]]<br />[[Surinder Films]]<br />
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2015|05|22}}<br />
| runtime = 138 minutes<br />
| country = [[India]]<br />
| language = Bengali<br />
| budget = <!--Must be attributed to a reliable published source with an established reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb.--><br />
| gross = <!--Must be attributed to a reliable published source with an established reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb.--><br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Jamai 420''''' ({{langx|bn|জামাই ৪২০}}; {{langx|en|Son-in-law 420}}) is a [[Bengali language]] [[Comedy drama|comedy-drama film]] written and directed by [[Rabi Kinnagi]], who was assisted by [[Pathikrit Basu]]. The film stars an ensemble cast, consisting of [[Soham Chakraborty]], [[Hiran Chatterjee]], [[Ankush Hazra]], [[Payel Sarkar]], [[Mimi Chakraborty]] and [[Nusrat Jahan]] in lead roles while [[Kharaj Mukherjee]], [[Biswanath Basu]], [[Shantilal Mukherjee]] and [[Manasi Sinha]] appear in other pivotal roles. The film was produced jointly by [[Shrikant Mohta]], [[Mahendra Soni]] and [[Nispal Singh]] under [[Shree Venkatesh Films]] and [[Surinder Films]] respectively.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31812&articlexml=COMEDY-OF-ERRORS-ON-THIS-JAMAISHASHTI-22052015101030|title=COMEDY OF ERRORS ON THIS JAMAISHASHTI|newspaper=The Times of India|accessdate=22 May 2015|archive-date=5 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305021420/http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31812&articlexml=COMEDY-OF-ERRORS-ON-THIS-JAMAISHASHTI-22052015101030|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Synopsis==<br />
The film is a comedy of errors, in which three guys ([[Soham Chakraborty]], [[Ankush Hazra]] and [[Hiran Chatterjee]]) land in [[Bangkok]] amidst a lot of confusion over their marriage with three girls ([[Mimi Chakraborty]], [[Nusrat Jahan]] and [[Payel Sarkar]]). They are forced to do insane things in order to woo their lady loves, which leads to many humorous situations.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
* [[Soham Chakraborty]] as Shaan<br />
* [[Hiran Chatterjee]] as Bijoy Palkiwala<br />
* [[Ankush Hazra]] as Joy Chowdhury<br />
* [[Payel Sarkar]] as Julie Poda<br />
* [[Mimi Chakraborty]] as Tina Roy<br />
* [[Nusrat Jahan]] as Priyanka Dhali<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional/quality-is-more-important-to-me-than-quantity-nusrat-jahan/article1-1349191.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526204635/http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional/quality-is-more-important-to-me-than-quantity-nusrat-jahan/article1-1349191.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 May 2015|title=Quality is more important to me than quantity: Nusrat Jahan|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|accessdate=20 May 2015}}</ref><br />
* [[Biswajit Chakraborty]] as Charandas Palkiwala, Bijoy's father<br />
* [[Shankar Chakraborty]] as Raghab Roy, Tina's father<br />
* [[Kharaj Mukherjee]] as Rajballabh Chowdhury, Joy's father<br />
* [[Supriyo Dutta]] as Dhanakrishna Dhali; Priyanka's father<br />
* [[Shantilal Mukherjee]] as Potla Poda, Julie's brother<br />
* [[Biswanath Basu]] as Sumanta Bagdiwala<br />
* [[Manasi Sinha]] as Priyambada Chowdhury Joy's mother<br />
* [[Tulika Basu]] as Parbati Palkiwala Bijoy's mother <br />
* [[Raj Chakraborty]] in a cameo<br />
* [[Sabyasachi Chakraborty]] as Narrator<br />
* Meghna Halder as Tanuka Sen<br />
*Anindita Saha as Late Bishnupriya Dhali, Only in flashback and picture, Priyanka's mother<br />
*<br />
*Pallabi Mukherjee as Sumanta's mother<br />
<br />
==Production==<br />
===Development===<br />
[[Rabi Kinagi]] clarified it will be a commercial romantic comedy film which would bring together [[Ankush Hazra]], [[Payel Sarkar|Payel]], [[Soham Chakraborty]], [[Hiran Chatterjee|Hiran]], [[Mimi Chakraborty]] and [[Nusrat Jahan]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/If-Big-B-and-SRK-can-share-screen-why-not-us-Paayel-and-Mimi/articleshow/47352679.cms|title="If Big B and SRK can share screen, why not us?": Paayel and Mimi|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|accessdate=20 May 2015}}</ref> on the silver screen for the first time.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/tollywood-fundas-of-beating-the-heat/photostory/46620280.cms|title=Tollywood fundas of beating the heat|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> [[Raj Chakraborty]] made a special appearance and joined the cast in [[Bangkok]] on 16 April, for shooting.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/Raj-Chakrabarty-plays-himself-in-film-starring-girlfriend-and-ex-flame/articleshow/47037416.cms|title=Raj Chakrabarty plays himself in film starring girlfriend and ex-flame!|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|accessdate=24 Apr 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Marketing===<br />
The film's first poster starring the lead characters as well as the first song was uploaded on 3 May 2015.<br />
<br />
==Soundtrack==<br />
{{Infobox album<br />
| name = Jamai 420<br />
| type = soundtrack<br />
| artist = <br />
| cover = <br />
| alt = <br />
| released = <br />
| recorded = 2015<br />
| venue = <br />
| studio = <br />
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]<br />
| length = <br />
| language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<br />
| label = [[Shree Venkatesh Films|SVF]]<br />
| producer = Shrikant Mohta, Mahendra Soni, Nispal Singh<br />
| prev_title = <br />
| prev_year = <br />
| next_title = <br />
| next_year = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Track list===<br />
{{Track listing<br />
| collapsed = <br />
| headline = <br />
| extra_column = Artist(s)<br />
| total_length = 9:89<br />
| title1 = Jamai 420 (Title Track)<br />
| lyrics1 = Prasenjit Mallick<br />
| music1 = Dev Sen<br />
| extra1 = Prasenjit Mallick, Bob Stephen & Gopika Goswami<br />
| length1 = 3:33<br />
| title2 = Oh Shona Miss You<br />
| lyrics2 = Prasenjit Mallick & Adhyan Dhara<br />
| music2 = Dev Sen<br />
| extra2 = Prasenjit Mallick, Bob Stephen & Gopika Goswami<br />
| length2 = 3:22<br />
| title3 = Dhichkiyaon<br />
| lyrics3 = Prasen<br />
| music3 = [[Dabbu]]<br />
| extra3 = Satrujit, [[Ujjaini Mukherjee]]<br />
| length3 = 3:34<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Reception==<br />
===Critical response===<br />
Upam Buzarbaruah of ''[[The Times of India]]'' reviewed "Now that we are done with the pleasantries, let's start a little dissection. First, acting. All the actors in the film have managed to take hamming to the next level. Kharaj Mukherjee, Shantilal Chakraborty, Supriyo Dutta, Biswajit Chakraborty and Shankar Chakraborty are right up there, at the top. The only non-hammers were the girls in the cast and Hiran, as Ankush, Soham leave no stone unturned to act as loud as possible. But I guess that's maybe because the director wouldn't settle for less. But the result was a hamfest, with each actor trying to out-overact the others. Music. Well, can't say it's bad; just run-of-the-mill commercial stuff that makes you shake a leg for a week or so before fading into oblivion."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movie-reviews/Jamai-420/movie-review/47453933.cms|title=Jamai 420 Movie Review|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|accessdate=28 May 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.niltune.com/2015/06/jamai-420-2015-film-full-hd-movie-watch-online-free-streaming.html|work=Niltune|title=Jamai 420 Films Full HD Video|accessdate=2 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610135228/http://www.niltune.com/2015/06/jamai-420-2015-film-full-hd-movie-watch-online-free-streaming.html|archive-date=10 June 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{IMDb title|4701578}}<br />
<br />
{{Rabi Kinagi}}<br />
{{Shree Venkatesh Films}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jamai 420}}<br />
[[Category:Bengali-language Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:2015 Bengali-language films]]<br />
[[Category:2015 films]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by Dabbu]]<br />
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:2015 romantic comedy films]]<br />
[[Category:SVF Entertainment films]]<br />
[[Category:Bengali-language comedy-drama films]]<br />
[[Category:Surinder Films films]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Youth_Festival&diff=546330Youth Festival2026-03-03T21:37:25Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding The Info Basic Info...</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Youth Festival<br />
| image = Youth Festival poster.jpg<br />
| caption = Poster<br />
| director = [[Jose Thomas]]<br />
| producer = Visual Dreams Pvt.Ltd<br />
| writer = V. C. Ashok<br />
| screenplay =<br />
| starring = Aby Kunjumon<br />[[Sidharth Bharathan]]<br />[[Bhavana]]<br>[[Meenakshi (Malayalam actress)|Meenakshi]]<br />
| music = [[M. Jayachandran]]<br />M. G. Anil<br />
| cinematography = Anil Nair<br />
| editing = K Rajagopal<br />
| studio = <br />
| distributor = Visual Dreams Pvt.Ltd<br />
| released = {{Film date|2004|10|29|df=y}}<br />
| country = [[India]]<br />
| language = [[Malayalam Language|Malayalam]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Youth Festival''''' is a 2004 [[Cinema of India|Indian]] [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]] [[romantic drama film]] directed by [[Jose Thomas]], starring Aby Kunjumon, [[Sidharth Bharathan]], [[Bhavana (actress)|Bhavana]] and [[Meenakshi (Malayalam actress)|Meenakshi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=3624|title=Youth Festival|access-date=2014-11-04|publisher=www.malayalachalachithram.com|archive-date=5 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141105150625/http://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=3624|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.msidb.org/m.php?509|title=Youth Festival|access-date=2014-11-04|publisher=malayalasangeetham.info|archive-date=5 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141105142135/http://en.msidb.org/m.php?509|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Cast ==<br />
{{cast listing|<br />
* Aby Kunjumon as Shivan<br />
* [[Sidharth Bharathan]] as Arjun Achuthan <br />
* [[Bhavana (actress)|Bhavana]] as Parvathy<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://malayalam.indiatoday.in/lifestyle/photo/bhavana-actress-bhavana-glamor-selfie-pictures-292183-2021-08-18-1|title=Bhavana {{!}} ഗ്ലാമര് സെല്ഫി ചിത്രങ്ങളുമായി നടി ഭാവന|trans-title=Bhavana {{!}} Actress Bhavana with glamour selfie pictures|date=18 August 2021|work=[[India Today]]|language=ml|access-date= 21 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Meenakshi (Malayalam actress)|Meenakshi]] as Athira Kanakkurup <br />
* 'Atlas' Ramachandran as Ramachandran<br />
* Harisree Martin as Lonappan<br />
* [[Cochin Haneefa]] as Kodaiyil Kannakurup<br />
* [[Narayanankutty]] as Chellappan<br />
* Niyas Backer as Shatrukhanan <br />
* [[CI Paul]] as Kottapuraykal Achuthan<br />
* [[Salim Kumar]] as Veerapandi<br />
* [[Kishor Satya]] as Ranjan<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/In-his-own-space/article14410225.ece|title=In his own space|first=Shilpa Nair|last=Anand|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=16 September 2016|access-date= 21 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Ponnamma Babu]]<br />
* Pala Aravindan<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Soundtrack ==<br />
The film has songs composed by [[M. Jayachandran]] and M. G. Anil.<ref>{{cite web |title=Youth Festival Songs by M. Jayachandran |url=https://gaana.com/album/youth-festival-malayalam |website=[[Gaana (music streaming service)|Gaana]] |access-date=20 February 2025 |language=en |archive-date=9 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209094209/http://gaana.com/album/youth-festival-malayalam |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Youth Festival - All Songs |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/youth-festival/b9i7P5aZLuI_ |website=[[JioSaavn]] |date=1 January 2004 |access-date=21 February 2025 |archive-date=13 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613110239/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/youth-festival/b9i7P5aZLuI_ |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
{{track listing<br />
| headline = Track listing<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| title1 = Kalla Kalla<br />
| length1 = 3:56<br />
| lyrics1 = [[Shibu Chakravarthy]]<br />
| extra1 = Rajesh Vijay, [[Jyotsna Radhakrishnan]]<br />
| music1 = [[M. Jayachandran]]<br />
| title2 = Valentine<br />
| length2 = 4:20<br />
| lyrics2 = [[Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri]]<br />
| extra2 = Dr. Fahad Mohammad, [[Chitra Iyer]]<br />
| music2 = M. Jayachandran<br />
| title3 = Roja Roja<br />
| length3 = 4:46<br />
| lyrics3 = Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri<br />
| extra3 = [[G. Venugopal]], Teenu Treasa<br />
| music3 = M. Jayachandran<br />
| title4 = Priyamalle<br />
| length4 = 4:41<br />
| lyrics4 = Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri<br />
| extra4 = [[Franco Simon]], Jyotsna Radhakrishnan<br />
| music4 = M. Jayachandran<br />
| title5 = Kalla Kalla<br />
| length5 = 3:55<br />
| lyrics5 = {{mdash}}<br />
| extra5 = {{mdash}}<br />
| note5 = Karaoke<br />
| music5 = M. Jayachandran<br />
| title6 = Roja Roja<br />
| length6 = 4:46<br />
| lyrics6 = Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri<br />
| extra6 = G. Venugopal<br />
| note6 = Solo<br />
| music6 = M. Jayachandran<br />
| title7 = Good Goodbye<br />
| length7 = 4:35<br />
| lyrics7 = Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri<br />
| extra7 = Alex Kayyalakkal, [[Ranjini Jose]]<br />
| music7 = M. Jayachandran<br />
| title8 = Poomoodum Vrindhavanam<br />
| length8 = 4:34<br />
| lyrics8 = Chittoor Gopi<br />
| extra8 = Teenu Treasa<br />
| music8 = M. G. Anil<br />
| title9 = Priyamalle<br />
| length9 = 4:39<br />
| lyrics9 = {{mdash}}<br />
| extra9 = {{mdash}}<br />
| note9 = Karaoke<br />
| music9 = M. Jayachandran<br />
| total_length = 40:11<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Reception ==<br />
In a scathing review, a critic writing for''[[Sify]]'' stated: "''Youth Festival'' is another film with young stars that falls flat due to lack of a proper story idea and presentation. Director Jose Thomas and his script writer V. C. Ashok have borrowed from many recent Tamil films including a straight lift from the climax of ''Kathal Kondein''".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sify.com/movies/malayalam/review.php?id=13597352&ctid=5&cid=2428|title=Review: Youth Festival|work=[[Sify]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050323111439/http://sify.com/movies/malayalam/review.php?id=13597352&ctid=5&cid=2428|archive-date=23 March 2005}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Legacy ==<br />
After working in this film, [[Kishor Satya]] said that he "would accept any role he [Jose Thomas] gives, even if it is a passing shot".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/160516/kishor-satya-s-comeback.html|title=Kishor Satya's comeback|author=Cris|work=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=15 May 2016|access-date=21 February 2025|archive-date=17 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517010148/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/mollywood/160516/kishor-satya-s-comeback.html|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
*{{IMDb title|0439047}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:2004 films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]<br />
[[Category:2004 Malayalam-language films]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by Jose Thomas]]<br />
[[Category:2004 romantic drama films]]<br />
<br />
{{2000s-Malayalam-film-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ormacheppu&diff=523142Ormacheppu2026-03-03T21:17:42Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: added new details</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name =Ormacheppu<br />
| image =<br />
| caption =<br />
| director =[[Lohithadas]]<br />
| producer =[[Lal (actor)|Lal]]<br>Ousepachan Vaalakuzhy<br />
| writer = <br />
| screenplay =<br />
| starring = [[Lal (actor)|Lal]] <br />Chanchal<br />[[Dileep (actor)|Dileep]]<br />
| music = [[Johnson (composer)|Johnson]]<br />
| cinematography = <br />
| editing = <br />
| studio = <br />
| distributor = <br />
| released = {{Film date|1998|9|3}}<br />
| country = [[India]]<br />
| language = [[Malayalam]]<br />
}}<br />
'''''Ormacheppu''''' is a 1998 [[India]]n [[Malayalam]]-language [[psychological thriller]] film, directed by Lohithadas and starring [[Lal (actor)|Lal]], Chanchal and [[Dileep (actor)|Dileep]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=3118|title=Ormacheppu|accessdate=2014-11-07|publisher=www.malayalachalachithram.com}}</ref> The film received the Film Critics Awards for Best Script.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerala Articles |url=https://www.kerala.com/pages/lohithadas |access-date=2025-02-25 |website=www.kerala.com}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
{{Cast listing|<br />
* [[Lal (actor)|Lal]] as Jeevan George<br />
* Chanchal as Sameera<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2019/10/03/ennu-swantham-janakikutty-actress-chanchal-new-pics-family.html|title=Remember Ennu Swantham Janakikutty fame Chanchal? Here's what the actress is up to these days|work=[[Onmanorama]]|date=11 December 2020|access-date=12 February 2025}}</ref><br />
* [[Dileep (actor)|Dileep]] as Radhakrishnan <br />
* [[Biju Menon]] as Mohan <br />
* [[Janardhanan (actor)|Janardhanan]] as Kurian <br />
* [[Riza Bava]] as Jose George<br />
* [[Lalu Alex]] as George<br />
* Sreehari as Kunjammavan<br />
* [[Baburaj (actor)|Baburaj]] as Police Officer<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Production ==<br />
The climax portions of the film was shot at [[Valparai]] and a scene featuring Lal and Biju Menon was shot inside a tea factory.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/columns/2018/Apr/25/location-diaries-the-kindness-of-superstars-5686.html|title=Location Diaries: The kindness of superstars|first=Shelvin|last=Sebastian|website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=25 April 2018|access-date=12 February 2025}}</ref> The film is one of two directed by A. K. Lohithadas to be released in 1998, with ''[[Kanmadam]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=George |first=Meghna |title=A K Lohithadas (1955-2009): Tribute to a legend |url=http://movies.rediff.com/report/2009/jun/29/a-k-lohithadas-tribute-to-a-legend.htm |access-date=2025-02-25 |website=Rediff |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Music==<br />
The movie features an acclaimed soundtrack composed by maestro [[Johnson (composer)|Johnson]] with lyrics by [[Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.msidb.org/m.php?2301|title=Ormacheppu|accessdate=2014-11-07|publisher=malayalasangeetham.info}}</ref><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"<br />
! Track # !! Song !! Artist(s) !! Raga <br />
|-<br />
| 1<br />
| "Unmaadam"<br />
| [[K. J. Yesudas]], [[K. S. Chithra]] || Pahadi<br />
|-<br />
| 2<br />
| "Yamini Mandapangal"<br />
| K. J. Yesudas, Sindhu<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 3<br />
| "Viraham"<br />
| K. J. Yesudas<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 4<br />
| "Yaamini Mandapangal"<br />
| K. S. Chithra, Sindhu<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*{{IMDb title|0273927}}<br />
{{A. K. Lohithadas}}<br />
[[Category:1998 films]]<br />
[[Category:Indian thriller films]]<br />
[[Category:1998 Malayalam-language films]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by A. K. Lohithadas]]<br />
[[Category:Films shot in Tamil Nadu]]<br />
{{1990s-Malayalam-film-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siksha_(film)&diff=535863Siksha (film)2026-03-03T20:17:14Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding Some Post Nd Citations...</p>
<hr />
<div>{{moresources|date=February 2024}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2024}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = Siksha<br />
| image = Siksha (film).jpg<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| native_name = <!-- {{Infobox name module|language|title}} or {{Infobox name module|title}} --><br />
| director = [[Relangi Narasimha Rao]]<br />
| writer = [[Acharya Aatreya|Aatreya]] (dialogues)<br />
| screenplay = <br />
| story = [[Anuradha Ramanan]]<br />
| based_on = ''[[Sirai (1984 film)|Sirai]]'' (1984)<br />
| producer = Sashi Bhushan<br />
| starring = [[Suhasini Maniratnam]]<br />[[Sarath Babu]]<br />
| narrator = <br />
| cinematography = [[S. Gopal Reddy]]<br />
| editing = <br />
| music = [[K. V. Mahadevan]]<br />
| studio = Sarathi Studios<br />
| distributor = [[AVM Productions]]<br />
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1985|7|12}}<br />
| runtime = <br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Telugu<br />
| budget = <br />
| gross = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''Siksha''''' ({{translation|Punishment}}) is a 1985 Indian Telugu-language drama film directed by [[Relangi Narasimha Rao]] and starring [[Suhasini Maniratnam]] and [[Sarath Babu]]. The film was a remake of 1984 Tamil film ''[[Sirai (1984 film)|Sirai]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Siksha (1985)|url=http://www.aptalkies.com/movie.php?id=6785&title=Siksha%20(1985)|website=AP Talkies|access-date=6 January 2025|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140724062620/http://www.aptalkies.com/movie.php?id=6785&title=Siksha%20(1985)|archive-date=24 July 2014}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Cast ==<br />
{{Cast listing|<br />
*[[Suhasini Maniratnam]] as Bhagyalakshmi<br />
*[[Sarath Babu]] as George Prasad<br />
*[[Chandra Mohan (Telugu actor)|Chandra Mohan]]<br />
*[[Rajani (actress)|Rajani]]<br />
*[[Rajesh (Telugu actor)|Rajesh]] as Krishna<br />
*[[Kaikala Satyanarayana|Satyanarayana]] as Atmanandam<br />
*[[P. L. Narayana]] as Munasubu<br />
*[[Padmanabham (actor)|Padmanabham]] as Karanam<br />
*[[Sutti Veerabhadra Rao]]<br />
*[[Dubbing Janaki]]<br />
*[[Ali (actor)|Master Ali]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Soundtrack ==<br />
The soundtrack is composed by [[K. V. Mahadevan]].<br />
{{track listing<br />
| headline = Track listing<br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| title1 = Paduthu Vuntanu<br />
| length1 = 5:01<br />
| all_lyrics = [[Acharya Aatreya]]<br />
| extra1 = [[P. Susheela]]<br />
| title2 = Erraga Burraga<br />
| length2 = 4:40<br />
| extra2 = [[Vani Jairam]]<br />
| title3 = Naa Vyasuku<br />
| length3 = 4:25<br />
| extra3 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], P. Susheela<br />
| title4 = Vidhi Pagalesina<br />
| length4 = 3:44<br />
| extra4 = [[K. J. Yesudas]]<br />
| total_length = 17:50<br />
}}<br />
<br />
== Reception ==<br />
A critic from ''[[Andhra Jyothi]]'' wrote that "These days there are more films that will tear the brains of the audience! But there is a lack of movies that feed the brain! If we go deeper into this, two castes ... two religions are found. Humanity stands out as the only exception. Kudos to the producer for making a film with such a thoughtful story". <br />
<br />
A critic from ''[[Prajasakti]]'' wrote that "In this film, the story, dialogues and background are more important. Young director Narasimha Rao Relangi has portrayed the novel of Smt. Anuradha Ramanan in a heart-wrenching manner. Especially the second half of the film leaves a big impression on the audience. This film attracts women very much". <br />
<br />
A critic from ''[[Visalaandhra]]'' wrote that "''Siksha'' is a film produced by an Andhra magazine based on the themes of wedding vows, wife's responsibility for their husband, their duty and their influence in society. The dialogues in the film are to be applauded in many places! Director Relangi can't just make a laugh-out-loud film... he can also make such emotional films as well!"<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6WoQJ-lKCs8/VVQslYo72MI/AAAAAAAAQR0/eYVjydZiCio/s1600/siksha3.jpg|title=శిక్ష|work= Sarathi Studios|date=1985}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
*{{IMDb title|9670540}}<br />
{{Relangi Narasimha Rao}}<br />
{{AVM Productions}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:1985 films]]<br />
[[Category:1985 Telugu-language films]]<br />
[[Category:1985 Indian films]]<br />
[[Category:Films directed by Relangi Narasimha Rao]]<br />
[[Category:Films scored by K. V. Mahadevan]]<br />
[[Category:AVM Productions films]]<br />
[[Category:Telugu remakes of Tamil films]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=36_China_Town&diff=45262936 China Town2026-03-03T02:26:50Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: improve citations after review and fixed typos</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}<br />
{{Infobox film<br />
| name = 36 China Town<br />
| image = 36 China Town.jpg<br />
| caption = Theatrical release poster<br />
| director = [[Abbas–Mustan]]<br />
| producer = [[Subhash Ghai]]<br />
| story = <br />
| writer = [[Shyam Goel]]<br />
| screenplay = <br />
| based_on = {{based on|''[[Once upon a Crime (1992 film)|Once upon a Crime]]'' (1992) and ''[[Crimen (film)|Crimen]]'' (1960)}}<br />
| starring = {{ubl|[[Shahid Kapoor]]|[[Kareena Kapoor Khan]]|[[Akshaye Khanna]]|[[Paresh Rawal]]|[[Upen Patel]]}}<br />
| music = '''Songs:'''<br/>[[Himesh Reshammiya]]<br/>'''Score:'''<br/>[[Salim–Sulaiman]]<br />
| cinematography = [[Ravi Yadav]]<br />
| editing = Hussain A. Burmawala<br />
| studio = [[Mukta Arts]]<br />
| distributor = [[Tips Industries]]<br />
| released = {{Film date|2006|05|05|df=y}}<br />
| runtime = 134 minutes<br />
| budget = {{INR}}19 crore<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=267|title=36 China Town - Movie - Box Office India|website=www.boxofficeindia.com}}</ref><br />
| gross = {{INR}}38 crore<ref name="auto"/><br />
| country = India<br />
| language = Hindi<br />
}}<br />
'''''36 China Town''''' is a 2006 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[Mystery film|mystery]] [[Comedy thriller|comedy thriller film]] directed by [[Abbas–Mustan]] and produced by [[Subhash Ghai]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wherewasitshot.com/36-china-town/|title=36 China Town {{!}} Where Was It Shot|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-01}}</ref> It is an official adaption of the 1992 American film ''[[Once upon a Crime (1992 film)|Once upon a Crime]]'' (which in turn is a remake of the 1960 Italian film ''[[Crimen (film)|Crimen]]'').{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} The film stars [[Shahid Kapoor]], [[Kareena Kapoor Khan]], [[Akshaye Khanna]], [[Paresh Rawal]], and [[Upen Patel]]. [[Priyanka Chopra]] and [[Isha Koppikar]] make cameo appearances. The film follows the investigation of a police officer trying to find the killer of a wealthy casino owner, Sonia Chang.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/36-china-town/movie-review/1767356.cms | title=36 China Town Movie Review {3/5}: Critic Review of 36 China Town by Times of India | website=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/36-china-town/critic-review/36-china-town-movie-review/ | title=36 China Town Review 1.5/5 {{pipe}} 36 China Town Movie Review {{pipe}} 36 China Town 2004 Public Review {{pipe}} Film Review | website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2006/may/05china.htm | title=36 China Town: Stay far, far away! }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The only child of millionaire Sonia Chang, Vicky, has been kidnapped. To get her son back, she puts out a reward of 25 [[lakh]] rupees. She lives in her huge mansion named "36 China Town" in [[Goa]] with a housekeeper couple, Mr. and Mrs. Lobo. Sonia is consoled by Rocky, a local.<br />
<br />
Raj, a struggling actor, and Priya, who ran away from home, have a serendipitous encounter with each other. They find a child who appears to be all alone in Mumbai. They take pity on him, but after seeing a missing persons advertisement, they realise that the child is the son of Sonia Chang. Tempted by the reward money, they team up and decide to bring the child back home. Before leaving, they call Chang and tell her that they have her child. She was discussing the change in her will with her lawyer, Mr. Dixit, when the duo informed her. Meanwhile, Raj starts falling in love with Priya.<br />
<br />
Raj and Priya come to Goa, where they run into a drunkard loitering near Sonia's mansion. The drunkard runs away on seeing them. They are horrified to see Sonia dead. The duo run, but realize that the child is left behind inside the mansion. Raj enters the mansion again to take him. He sees two eyes and legs behind a cupboard. Terrified, he gets out of the mansion with the child. Raj and Priya then inform Goa police about the murder. Raj and Priya go back to the mansion to take her suitcase. Raj is arrested by Inspector Karan. Raj refuses to name Priya as an accomplice. She takes Vicky to a church to drop him off but is seen by Rocky with the kid. Rocky calls the police and Priya also gets arrested and sent to jail. Priya and Raj become the prime suspects in the murder. Inside the jail, they both fall for each other.<br />
<br />
Karan calls Rocky to the police station. But seeing Rocky's eyes, Raj recollects that it was Rocky's eyes and shoes which he had seen behind the cupboard. Rocky then says that he was in another room that night. He had found Sonia already murdered. Panicked, he was about to get out of the house when Raj and Priya entered and started searching for Sonia. Karan is able to reconstruct what actually happened that night based on Mr. Dixit's statement about the will and everybody's statement. First, he procures the drunkard, whom Raj and Priya believe to be the murderer. But Karan goes on to explain that he is, in fact, the kidnapper.<br />
<br />
Karan explains that the kidnapper was hired by the killer, but the kidnapper lost the child, who was then found by Raj and Priya in Mumbai. After Sonia is informed about the child's discovery, the killer murdered Sonia, while other people incriminated themselves through circumstances. The real killers are Mr. and Mrs. Lobo. According to Sonia Chang's initial will, after her death, the person who was most close to her son (which were her housekeepers) would inherit everything, but then one day she found out about their evil intentions and decided to change her will, which led to them murdering her.<br />
<br />
Raj and Priya are given custody of Vicky.<br />
<br />
==Cast==<br />
*[[Akshaye Khanna]] as Chief Inspector Karan Kapoor<br />
*[[Shahid Kapoor]] as Raj Malhotra<br />
*[[Kareena Kapoor Khan|Kareena Kapoor]] as Priya Singhania<br />
*[[Paresh Rawal]] as Natwar Lal<br />
*[[Payal Rohatgi]] as Gracy, Natwar's wife<br />
*[[Johnny Lever]] as KK<br />
*[[Tannaz Irani]] as Ruby, KK's wife<br />
*[[Upen Patel]] as Rocky<br />
*[[Dinyar Contractor]] as Mr. Lobo<br />
* Roshan Tirandaaz as Mrs. Lobo<br />
*[[Raj Zutshi]] as Drunkard / Contract killer<br />
*[[Vivek Vaswani]] as Mr. Dixit, Sonia's lawyer<br />
*[[Vivek Shauq]] as Inspector Ravi<br />
*[[Isha Koppikar]] as Sonia Chang (special appearance)<br />
*[[Priyanka Chopra]] as Seema Kapoor, Karan's wife (special appearance)<br />
*[[Tanushree Dutta]] as Ayesha Dutta (special appearance)<br />
*[[Sambhavna Seth]] as Simran, Rocky's girlfriend<br />
*[[Preeti Puri]] as Rosy<br />
*[[Nassar Abdullah]] as Raj's father<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
'''Won'''<br />
* [[IIFA Award for Star Debut of the Year – Male|IIFA Awards for Best Debutant (Male)]] – Upen Patel<br />
* [[Zee Cine Award for Best Male Debut]] – Upen Patel<br />
* [[Global Indian Film Awards]] for Best Debut Actor – Upen Patel<br />
<br />
'''Nominated'''<br />
* [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] – Sunidhi Chauhan for "Aashiqui Mein Teri"<br />
* [[Star Screen Award for Most Promising Newcomer – Male|Star Screen Award for Most Promising Newcomer (Male)]] – Upen Patel<br />
<br />
==Soundtrack==<br />
{{Infobox album<br />
| name = 36 China Town<br />
| type = soundtrack<br />
| artist = [[Himesh Reshammiya]]<br />
| cover =<br />
| alt =<br />
| released = April 21, 2006<br />
| recorded = 2006<br />
| venue = [[Mumbai]]<br />
| studio =<br />
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]<br />
| length = <br />
| language = Hindi<br />
| label = [[Tips Industries|Tips Music]]<br />
| producer = Himesh Reshammiya<br />
| prev_title = [[Tom, Dick, and Harry (2006 film)|Tom Dick And Harry]]<br />
| prev_year = 2006<br />
| next_title = [[Humko Deewana Kar Gaye]]<br />
| next_year = 2006<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The music was composed by [[Himesh Reshammiya]], with lyrics penned by [[Sameer Anjaan|Sameer]]. The music was released by [[Tips Industries|Tips Music]]. According to the Indian trade website [[Box Office India]], with around 12,00,000 units sold, this film's soundtrack album was the year's ninth highest-selling.<ref>{{cite web|title=Music Hits 2000–2009 (Figures in Units)|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=286&catName=MjAwMC0yMDA5|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100624132928/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=286&catName=MjAwMC0yMDA5|archive-date=24 June 2010|publisher=[[Box Office India]]}}</ref><br />
<br />
The song "Aashiqui Mein Teri" was remade as "Aashiqui Mein Teri 2.0" for Reshammiya's 2020 film ''[[Happy Hardy and Heer]]'' and is performed by Reshammiya and singer Ranu Mondal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/trending-news/story/ranu-mondal-recreates-aashiqui-mein-teri-for-himesh-reshammiya-with-unadulterated-smile-watch-video-1594909-2019-09-03|title=Ranu Mondal recreates Aashiqui Mein Teri for Himesh Reshammiya with unadulterated smile. Watch video|date=3 September 2019|website=India Today|language=en|access-date=12 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://planetbollywood.com/Music/36ChinaTown/ | title=Bollywood – Music Review – 36 China Town }}</ref><br />
<br />
===Track listing===<br />
{{Track listing <br />
| extra_column = Singer(s)<br />
| title1 = 24x7 I Think of You<br />
| extra1 = [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]<br />
| length1 = 5:13<br />
<br />
| title2 = Aashiqui Mein Teri<br />
| extra2 = Himesh Reshammiya, Sunidhi Chauhan<br />
| length2 = 4:53<br />
<br />
| title3 = Badi Dilchaspi Hai<br />
| extra3 = [[Krishnakumar Kunnath|K. K.]], Arya<br />
| length3 = 5:26<br />
<br />
| title4 = Dil Tumhare Bina<br />
| extra4 = Himesh Reshammiya, [[Alka Yagnik]]<br />
| length4 = 5:23<br />
<br />
| title5 = Jab Kabhi<br />
| extra5 = [[Kunal Ganjawala]], Alka Yagnik<br />
| length5 = 5:21<br />
<br />
| title6 = 24x7 I Think of You (DJ Akbar Sami Remix)<br />
| extra6 = Sunidhi Chauhan, Shaan<br />
| length6 = 4:16<br />
<br />
| title7 = Aashiqui Mein Teri (DJ Akbar Sami Remix)<br />
| extra7= Himesh Reshammiya, Sunidhi Chauhan<br />
| length7 = 4:16<br />
<br />
| title8 = Badi Dilchaspi Hai (Remix by DJ Akbar Sami)<br />
| extra8 = K. K., Arya<br />
| length8 = 4:08<br />
<br />
| title9 = Dil Tumhare Bina (Remix by DJ Akbar Sami)<br />
| extra9 = Himesh Reshammiya, Sunidhi Chauhan<br />
| length9 = 4:51<br />
<br />
| title10 = Jab Kabhi (Remix by DJ Suketu)<br />
| extra10 = Kunal Ganjawala<br />
| length10 = 3:02<br />
<br />
| title11 = Jab Kabhi (Remix by DJ Akbar Sami)<br />
| extra11 = Kunal Ganjawala, Alka Yagnik<br />
| length11 = 5:02<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{Bollywood Hungama movie|36-china-town}}<br />
* {{IMDb title}}<br />
* {{Rotten Tomatoes|36-china-town}}<br />
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{{Abbas–Mustan}}<br />
{{Subhash Ghai}}<br />
<br />
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[[Category:Mukta Arts films]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaolinite&diff=469499Kaolinite2026-02-18T21:02:01Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: updated details</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Phyllosilicate clay mineral}}<br />
{{Redirect|Kaolin}}<br />
{{See also|Aluminium silicate}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2026}}<br />
{{Infobox mineral<br />
| name = Kaolinite<br />
| category = [[Phyllosilicate]] minerals<br />
| group = Kaolinite-[[Serpentine subgroup|Serpentine]] group, kaolinite subgroup<br />
| boxwidth =<br />
| image = Kaolinite from Twiggs County in Georgia in USA.jpg<br />
|imagesize=210px| alt =<br />
| caption =<br />
| formula = {{Chem2|Al2Si2O5(OH)4}}, or in oxide notation: {{Chem2|Al2O3*2SiO2*2H2O}}<br />
| IMAsymbol = Kln<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3|pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43|bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W|s2cid=235729616|doi-access=free}}</ref><br />
| strunz = 9.ED.05<br />
| system = [[Triclinic]]<br />
| class = Pedial (1) <br /><small>(same [[H-M symbol]])</small><br />
| symmetry = ''P''1<br />
| unit cell = a = 5.13&nbsp;[[Ångstrom|Å]], b = 8.89&nbsp;Å <br />c = 7.25&nbsp;Å; α = 90° <br />β = 104.5°, γ = 89.8°; Z&nbsp;=&nbsp;2<br />
| color = White to cream, sometimes red, blue or brown tints from impurities and pale-yellow; also often stained various hues, tans and browns being common.<br />
| habit = Rarely as crystals, thin plates or stacked. More commonly as microscopic pseudohexagonal plates and clusters of plates, aggregated into compact, claylike masses.<br />
| twinning =<br />
| cleavage = Perfect on {001}<br />
| fracture =<br />
| tenacity = Flexible but inelastic<br />
| mohs = 2–2.5<br />
| luster = Pearly to dull earthy<br />
| refractive = n<sub>α</sub> = 1.553–1.565, <br />n<sub>β</sub> = 1.559–1.569,<br /> n<sub>γ</sub> = 1.569–1.570<br />
| opticalprop = Biaxial (–)<br />
| pleochroism =<br />
| 2V = Measured: 24° to 50°, Calculated: 44°<br />
| streak = White<br />
| gravity = 2.16–2.68<br />
| melt =<br />
| fusibility =<br />
| diagnostic =<br />
| solubility =<br />
| references =<ref name=Mindat>{{Mindat |id=2156 |name=Kaolinite |access-date=5 August 2009}}</ref><ref name=Webmin>{{WebMineral |url=http://www.webmineral.com/data/Kaolinite.shtml |title=Kaolinite Mineral Data |access-date=5 August 2009}}</ref><ref name=Handbook>{{cite book |title=Handbook of Mineralogy: Silica, silicates |publisher=Mineral Data Publishing |year=1995 |isbn=9780962209734 |veditors=Anthony JW, Bideaux RA, Bladh KW, Nichols MC |location=Tucson, Ariz. |chapter=Kaolinite |oclc=928816381 |display-editors=3 |chapter-url=http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/kaolinite.pdf}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
'''Kaolinite''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|eɪ|.|ə|l|ə|ˌ|n|aɪ|t|,_|-|l|ɪ|-}} {{respell|KAY|ə|lə|nyte|,_|-|lih|-}}; also called '''kaolin''')<ref>{{cite Dictionary.com|kaolinite}}</ref><ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/kaolinite |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125021607/https://www.lexico.com/definition/kaolinite |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 January 2021 |title=kaolinite |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite American Heritage Dictionary|kaolinite}}</ref> is a [[clay mineral]], with the chemical composition [[aluminium|Al]]<sub>2</sub>[[Silicon|Si]]<sub>2</sub>[[Oxygen|O]]<sub>5</sub>([[hydroxide|OH]])<sub>4</sub>. It is a layered [[silicate mineral]], with one "tetrahedral" sheet of [[silicate]] [[tetrahedron|tetrahedra]] ({{Chem2|SiO4}}) linked to one "octahedral" sheet of [[aluminate]] [[octahedron]]s ({{Chem2|AlO2(OH)4}}) through [[oxygen]] [[atom]]s on one side, and another such sheet through [[hydrogen bond]]s on the other side.{{sfnp|Deer|Howie|Zussman|1992}}<ref>[https://environmental-geology-dev.pressbooks.tru.ca/chapter/clay-minerals// Clay Minerals] - Thompson Rivers University</ref><br />
<br />
Kaolinite is a soft, earthy, usually white, mineral (dioctahedral phyllosilicate [[clay]]), produced by the chemical weathering of [[aluminium silicate]] minerals like [[feldspar]]. It has a low [[shrink–swell capacity]] and a low [[cation-exchange capacity]] (1–15 meq/100&nbsp;g).<br />
<br />
Rocks that are rich in kaolinite, and [[halloysite]], are known as '''kaolin''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|eɪ|.|ə|l|ᵻ|n}}) or '''china clay'''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jq2rpN-6AccC|title=Economic geology: principles and practice: metals, minerals, coal and hydrocarbons – introduction to formation and sustainable exploitation of mineral deposits|last=Pohl|first=Walter L.|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|year=2011|isbn=9781444336627|location=Chichester, West Sussex|pages=331|name-list-style=vanc}}</ref> In many parts of the world kaolin is colored pink-orange-red by [[iron oxide]], giving it a distinct [[rust]] hue. Lower concentrations of iron oxide yield the white, yellow, or light orange colors of kaolin. Alternating lighter and darker layers are sometimes found, as at [[Providence Canyon State Park]] in Georgia, United States.<br />
<br />
Kaolin is an important [[industrial mineral|raw material]] in many industries and applications. Commercial grades of kaolin are supplied and transported as powder, lumps, semi-dried noodle or [[slurry]]. Global production of kaolin in 2021 was estimated to be 45 million tonnes,<ref>'U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, January 2022' USGS, 2022.</ref> with a total market value of US $4.24 billion.<ref>'Kaolin Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Application, By Region And Segment Forecasts, 2022 - 2030. Grand View Research, 2022</ref><br />
<br />
{{anchor|Etymology|Name}}<br />
<br />
==Names==<br />
The [[English language|English]] name ''[[:wikt:kaolin#English|kaolin]]'' was [[linguistic borrowing|borrowed]] in 1727 from [[François Xavier d'Entrecolles]]'s 1712 [[French language|French]] reports on the manufacture of [[Jingdezhen porcelain]].<ref>{{OEtymD|kaolin}}</ref> D'Entrecolles was transcribing the [[Chinese language|Chinese]] term {{lang|zh|{{linktext|高嶺土}}}}, now [[romanization of Chinese|romanized]] as {{translit|zh|gāolǐngtǔ}} in [[pinyin]], taken from the name of the village of Gaoling ("High Ridge") near Ehu in [[Fuliang County]], now part of [[Jiangxi Province]]'s [[Jingdezhen Prefecture]].<ref name="Schroeder-2018">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Schroeder PA |encyclopedia=[[New Georgia Encyclopedia]] |title=Kaolin |url=http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-1178 |access-date=14 March 2019 |date=31 July 2018 |type=online }}</ref>{{sfnp|Needham & al.|2004|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=mabcHwmAD5oC&pg=PA220 220]}} The area around the village had become the main source of Jingdezhen's kaolin over the course of the [[Qing dynasty]].{{sfnp|Needham & al.|2004|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=mabcHwmAD5oC&pg=PA220 220]}} The [[mineralogy|mineralogical]] suffix ''[[:wikt:-ite|-ite]]'' was later added to generalize the name to cover nearly identical minerals from other locations.<br />
<br />
Kaolinite is also occasionally discussed under the [[archaism|archaic name]]s '''lithomarge''' and lithomarga from [[Latin]] {{lang|la|lithomarga}}, a combination of {{lang|la|litho-}} ({{langx|grc|{{linktext|λίθος}}}}，{{translit|grc|líthos}}, "stone") and {{lang|la|marga}} ("[[marl]]"). In more proper modern use, lithomarge now refers specifically to a compacted and massive form of kaolin.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lithomarge|url=https://www.mindat.org/min-32424.html|access-date=2022-02-23|website=www.mindat.org}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Chemistry==<br />
===Notation===<br />
The [[chemical formula]] for kaolinite as written in [[mineralogy]] is {{Chem2|Al2Si2O5(OH)4}},<ref name=Handbook/> however, in [[ceramic engineering|ceramics]] applications the same formula is typically written in terms of oxides, thus giving {{Chem2|Al2O3*2SiO2*2H2O}}.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Handbook of Inorganic Compounds|vauthors=Perry DL|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2011|isbn=9781439814611|edition=2nd|location=Boca Raton|oclc=587104373}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Structure===<br />
[[File:Beevers crystal structure model of Kaolinite.jpg|thumb|Kaolinite structure, showing the interlayer hydrogen bonds]]<br />
Compared with other clay minerals, kaolinite is chemically and structurally simple. It is described as a 1:1 or ''TO'' clay mineral because its crystals consist of stacked ''TO'' layers. Each ''TO'' layer consists of a tetrahedral (''T'') sheet composed of silicon and oxygen ions bonded to an octahedral (''O'') sheet composed of oxygen, aluminium, and hydroxyl ions. The ''T'' sheet is so called because each silicon ion is surrounded by four oxygen ions forming a tetrahedron. The ''O'' sheet is so called because each aluminium ion is surrounded by six oxygen or hydroxyl ions arranged at the corners of an octahedron. The two sheets in each layer are strongly bonded together via shared oxygen ions, while layers are bonded via [[hydrogen bonding]] between oxygen on the outer face of the ''T'' sheet of one layer and hydroxyl on the outer face of the ''O'' sheet of the next layer.<ref name="nesse">{{cite book |last1=Nesse |first1=William D. |title=Introduction to mineralogy |date=2000 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |isbn=9780195106916 |pages=254–255}}</ref><br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Mica T.png|View of the structure of the tetrahedral (''T'') sheet of kaolinite<br />
File:Mica dO.png|View of the structure of the octahedral (''O'') sheet of kaolinite<br />
File:Kaolinite crystal structure.png|Kaolinite crystal structure looking along the layers<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
A kaolinite layer has no net electrical charge and so there are no large cations (such as calcium, sodium, or potassium) between layers as with most other clay minerals. This accounts for kaolinite's relatively low ion exchange capacity. The close hydrogen bonding between layers also hinders water molecules from infiltrating between layers, accounting for kaolinite's nonswelling character.<ref name="nesse"/><br />
<br />
When moistened, the tiny platelike crystals of kaolinite acquire a layer of water molecules that cause crystals to adhere to each other and give kaolin clay its cohesiveness. The bonds are weak enough to allow the plates to slip past each other when the clay is being molded, but strong enough to hold the plates in place and allow the molded clay to retain its shape. When the clay is dried, most of the water molecules are removed, and the plates hydrogen bond directly to each other, so that the dried clay is rigid but still fragile. If the clay is moistened again, it will once more become plastic.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Breuer |first1=Stephen |title=The chemistry of pottery |journal=Education in Chemistry |date=July 2012 |pages=17–20 |url=https://www.qvevriproject.org/Files/2012.07.00_RSC_Breuer_ChemistryOfPottery.pdf |access-date=8 December 2020}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Structural transformations===<br />
Kaolinite group clays undergo a series of phase transformations upon thermal treatment in air at atmospheric pressure.<br />
<br />
====Milling====<br />
High-energy milling of kaolin results in the formation of a mechanochemically amorphized phase similar to [[metakaolin]], although the properties of this solid are quite different.<ref name="kaol">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kasa E, Szabados M, Baan K, Konya Z, Kukovecz A, Kutus B, Palinko I, Sipos P|year=2021|title=The dissolution kinetics of raw and mechanochemically treated kaolinites in industrial spent liquor – The effect of the physico-chemical properties of the solids|journal=[[Applied Clay Science|Appl. Clay Sci.]]|volume=203|article-number=105994|doi=10.1016/j.clay.2021.105994|bibcode=2021ApCS..20305994K |doi-access=free|hdl=21.11116/0000-0008-06AA-2|hdl-access=free}}</ref> The high-energy milling process is highly inefficient and consumes a large amount of energy.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Baláž |first1=Peter |chapter=High-Energy Milling |title=Mechanochemistry in Nanoscience and Minerals Engineering |date=2008 |pages=103–132 |doi=10.1007/978-3-540-74855-7_2|isbn=978-3-540-74854-0 }}</ref><br />
<br />
====Drying====<br />
{{See also|Buell dryer}}<br />
Below 100&nbsp;°C, exposure to low humidity air will result in the slow evaporation of any liquid water in the kaolin. At low moisture content the mass can be described ''leather dry'', and at near 0% moisture it is referred to as ''bone dry''.<br />
<br />
Above 100&nbsp;°C any remaining free water is lost. Above around 400&nbsp;°C hydroxyl ions (OH<sup>−</sup>) are lost from the kaolinite crystal structure in the form of water: the material cannot now be plasticised by absorbing water.<ref>'Ceramics Are More Than Clay Alone - Raw Materials, Products, Applications' P. Bormans. Cambridge International Science Publishing, 2004. pg. 180</ref> This is irreversible, as are subsequent transformations; this is referred to as ''calcination''.<br />
<br />
====Metakaolin====<br />
Endothermic dehydration of kaolinite begins at 550–600&nbsp;°C producing disordered [[metakaolin]], but continuous [[hydroxyl]] loss is observed up to {{convert|900|C}}.<ref name="b1">{{cite journal|display-authors=3|vauthors=Bellotto M, Gualtieri A, Artioli G, Clark SM|year=1995|title=Kinetic study of the kaolinite-mullite reaction sequence. Part I: kaolinite dehydroxylation|journal=[[Physics and Chemistry of Minerals|Phys. Chem. Miner.]]|volume=22|issue=4|pages=207–214|bibcode=1995PCM....22..207B|doi=10.1007/BF00202253|hdl=11380/10091 |s2cid=95897543|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Although historically there was much disagreement concerning the nature of the metakaolin phase, extensive research has led to a general consensus that metakaolin is not a simple mixture of amorphous silica ({{Chem2|SiO2}}) and alumina ({{Chem2|Al2O3}}), but rather a complex amorphous structure that retains some longer-range order (but not [[quasicrystal|strictly crystalline]]) due to stacking of its hexagonal layers.<ref name=b1/><br />
: {{chem2|Al2Si2O5(OH)4 -> Al2Si2O7 + 2 H2O }}<br />
<br />
====Spinel====<br />
Further heating to 925–950&nbsp;°C converts metakaolin to an aluminium-silicon [[spinel]] which is sometimes also referred to as a gamma-alumina type structure:<br />
: {{chem2|2 Al2Si2O7 -> Si3Al4O12 + SiO2 }}<br />
<br />
====Platelet mullite====<br />
Upon calcination above 1050&nbsp;°C, the spinel phase nucleates and transforms to [[mullite|platelet mullite]] and highly crystalline [[cristobalite]]:<br />
: {{chem2|3 Si3Al4O12 -> 2 [ 3 Al2O3 * 2 SiO2 ] + 5 SiO2 }}<br />
<br />
====Needle mullite====<br />
Finally, at 1400&nbsp;°C the "needle" form of [[mullite]] appears, offering substantial increases in structural strength and heat resistance. This is a structural but not chemical transformation. See [[stoneware]] for more information on this form.<br />
<br />
==Occurrence==<br />
[[File:Kaznějov - kaolin quarry.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Kaolin mine in Czech Republic]]<br />
Kaolinite is one of the most common minerals; it is mined, as kaolin, in [[Australia]], [[Brazil]], [[Bulgaria]], [[China]], [[Czech Republic]], [[France]], [[Germany]], [[India]], [[Iran]], [[Malaysia]], [[South Africa]], [[South Korea]], [[Spain]], [[Tanzania]], [[Thailand]], [[United Kingdom]], [[United States]] and [[Vietnam]].<ref name=Mindat/><br />
<br />
Mantles of kaolinite are common in Western and Northern Europe. The ages of these mantles are [[Mesozoic]] to Early Cenozoic.<ref>{{cite journal|author-link=Piotr Migoń|author-link2=Karna Lidmar-Bergström|vauthors=Migoń P, Lidmar-Bergström K|date=2002|title=Deep weathering through time in central and northwestern Europe: problems of dating and interpretation of geological record|journal=Catena|volume=49|issue=1–2|pages=25–40|doi=10.1016/S0341-8162(02)00015-2|bibcode=2002Caten..49...25M }}</ref><br />
<br />
Kaolinite clay occurs in abundance in [[soil]]s that have formed from the chemical [[weathering]] of rocks in hot, moist [[climate]]s; for example in [[tropical rainforest]] areas. Comparing soils along a gradient towards progressively cooler or drier climates, the proportion of kaolinite decreases, while the proportion of other clay minerals such as [[illite]] (in cooler climates) or [[smectite]] (in drier climates) increases. Such climatically related differences in clay mineral content are often used to infer changes in climates in the geological past, where ancient soils have been buried and preserved.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2000-02-01|title=Unraveling climatic changes from intraprofile variation in oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of goethite and kaolinite in laterites: an integrated study from Yaou, French Guiana|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0016703799002999|journal=Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta|language=en|volume=64|issue=3|pages=409–426|doi=10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00299-9|issn=0016-7037|last1=Girard|first1=Jean-Pierre|last2=Freyssinet|first2=Philippe|last3=Chazot|first3=Gilles|bibcode=2000GeCoA..64..409G|url-access=subscription}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:China Clay Silos near Par - geograph.org.uk - 30198.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A kaolin processing plant]]<br />
In the [[National Institute of Agronomic Studies and Research]] (INERA) classification system, soils in which the clay fraction is predominantly kaolinite are called ''kaolisol'' (from kaolin and soil).<ref>{{cite book|title=Tropical soils and soil survey|last=Young|first=Anthony|publisher=CUP Archive|year=1980|isbn=9780521297684|series=Cambridge Geographical Studies|volume=9|pages=132|name-list-style=vanc}}</ref><br />
<br />
In the United States, the main kaolin deposits are found in central [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], on a stretch of the [[Atlantic Seaboard fall line]] between [[Augusta, Georgia|Augusta]] and [[Macon, Georgia|Macon]]. This area of thirteen counties is called the "white gold" belt; [[Sandersville, Georgia|Sandersville]] is known as the "Kaolin Capital of the World" due to its abundance of kaolin.<ref name="sandersville-ga">{{cite web|url=http://www.sandersville.net/KaolinCapitaloftheWorld.cfm|title=Kaolin Capital of the World|website=City of Sandersville, GA|access-date=27 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="bitter-southerner">{{cite web|url=http://bittersoutherner.com/eat-white-dirt/|title=Making Peace With the Age-Old Practice of Eating White Dirt|last=Reece C|website=The Bitter Southerner|access-date=27 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Smothers |first1=Ronald |title=White George clay turns into cash |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/12/us/white-georgia-clay-turns-into-cash.html |access-date=19 January 2021 |work=The New York Times |date=12 December 1987}}</ref> In the late 1800s, an active kaolin surface-mining industry existed in the extreme southeast corner of Pennsylvania, near the towns of [[Landenberg, Pennsylvania|Landenberg]] and [[Kaolin, Pennsylvania|Kaolin]], and in what is present-day White Clay Creek Preserve. The product was brought by train to [[Newark, Delaware|Newark]], Delaware, on the [[Pomeroy and Newark Railroad|Newark-Pomeroy]] line, along which can still be seen many open-pit clay mines. The deposits were formed between the late [[Cretaceous]] and early [[Paleogene]], about 100 to 45 million years ago, in sediments derived from weathered [[Igneous rock|igneous]] and metakaolin rocks.<ref name="Schroeder-2018" /> Kaolin production in the United States during 2011 was 5.5 million tons.<ref>{{cite tech report|last=Virta R|title=Mineral Commodity Summaries|institution=U.S. Geological Survey|pages=44–45|year=2012|url=https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/clays/mcs-2012-clays.pdf}}</ref><br />
[[File:Buell Dryer.jpg|right|thumb|200px|A [[Buell dryer]] in the UK, which is used to dry processed kaolin]]<br />
During the [[Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum]] sediments deposited in the [[Espluga Freda]] area of [[Spain]] were enriched with kaolinite from a [[detrital]] source due to [[denudation]].<ref>{{cite journal|display-authors=3|vauthors=Adatte T, Khozyem H, Spangenberg JE, Samant B, Keller G|year=2014|title=Response of terrestrial environment to the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), new insights from India and NE Spain|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263430375|journal=Rendiconti Online della Società Geologica Italiana|volume=31|pages=5–6|doi=10.3301/ROL.2014.17|bibcode=2014ROSGI..31....5A }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Synthesis and genesis==<br />
Difficulties are encountered when trying to explain kaolinite formation under atmospheric conditions by extrapolation of thermodynamic data from the more successful high-temperature syntheses.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://core.ac.uk/display/29380966|title=Relative stabilities of soil minerals|vauthors=Meijer EL, van der Plas L|publisher=Veenman|year=1980|series=Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen|volume=80|location=Wageningen|pages=18}}</ref> La Iglesia and Van Oosterwijk-Gastuche (1978)<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=La Iglesia A, Van Oosterwyck-Gastuche MC|date=1978|title=Kaolinite Synthesis. I. Crystallization Conditions at Low Temperatures and Calculation of Thermodynamic Equilibria. Application to Laboratory and Field Observations|journal=Clays and Clay Minerals|volume=26|issue=6|pages=397–408|doi=10.1346/CCMN.1978.0260603|bibcode=1978CCM....26..397L|doi-access=free}}</ref> thought that the conditions under which kaolinite will nucleate can be deduced from stability diagrams, based as they are on dissolution data. Because of a lack of convincing results in their own experiments, La Iglesia and Van Oosterwijk-Gastuche (1978) had to conclude, however, that there were other, still unknown, factors involved in the low-temperature nucleation of kaolinite. Because of the observed very slow crystallization rates of kaolinite from solution at room temperature Fripiat and Herbillon (1971) postulated the existence of high activation energies in the low-temperature nucleation of kaolinite.<br />
<br />
At high temperatures, [[thermodynamic equilibrium|equilibrium]] thermodynamic models appear to be satisfactory for the description of kaolinite dissolution and [[nucleation]], because the thermal energy suffices to overcome the [[energy barrier]]s involved in the [[nucleation]] process. The importance of syntheses at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure towards the understanding of the mechanism involved in the nucleation of clay minerals lies in overcoming these energy barriers. As indicated by Caillère and Hénin (1960)<ref name="Caillère-1960">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Caillère S, Hénin S|date=1960|title=Vues d'ensemble sur le problème de la synthèse des minéraux argileux à basse température|journal=Bulletin du Groupe français des argiles|language=fr|volume=12|issue=7|pages=63|doi=10.3406/argil.1960.969}}</ref> the processes involved will have to be studied in well-defined experiments, because it is virtually impossible to isolate the factors involved by mere deduction from complex natural physico-chemical systems such as the [[soil]] environment.<br />
Fripiat and Herbillon (1971),<ref>{{Cite book|title=Soils and tropical weathering: proceedings of the Bandung Symposium 16 to 23 November 1969|vauthors=Fripiat JJ, Herbillon AJ|publisher=[[Unesco]]|year=1971|series=Natural resources research|volume=11|location=Paris|pages=15–24|chapter=Formation and transformations of clay minerals in tropical soils|oclc=421565}}</ref> in a review on the formation of kaolinite, raised the fundamental question how a [[Randomness|disordered]] material (i.e., the [[amorphous]] fraction of tropical soils) could ever be transformed into a corresponding ordered structure. This transformation seems to take place in soils without major changes in the environment, in a relatively short period of time, and at ambient [[temperature]] (and [[pressure]]).<br />
<br />
Low-temperature synthesis of clay minerals (with kaolinite as an example) has several aspects. In the first place the silicic acid to be supplied to the growing crystal must be in a monomeric form, i.e., silica should be present in very dilute solution (Caillère et al., 1957;<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Caillère S, Hénin S, Esquevin J|date=1957|title=Synthèse des minéraux argileux.|journal=Bulletin du Groupe français des argiles|language=fr|volume=9|issue=4|pages=67–76|doi=10.3406/argil.1957.940}}</ref> Caillère and Hénin, 1960;<ref name="Caillère-1960" /> Wey and Siffert, 1962;<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Wey R, Siffert B|date=1961|title=Réactions de la silice monomoléculaire en solutions avec les ions Al3+ et Mg2+|journal=Colloques Internationaux|language=fr|publisher=Centre National des Recherches Scientifiques|volume=105|pages=11–23}}</ref> Millot, 1970<ref>{{Cite book|title=Geology of Clays|last=Millot|first=Georges|publisher=Springer-Verlag|year=1970|isbn=9783662416099|location=New York|translator-last=Paquet|translator-first=H.|doi=10.1007/978-3-662-41609-9|s2cid=128831318 |name-list-style=vanc|translator-last2=Farrand|translator-first2=W. R.}}</ref>). In order to prevent the formation of [[amorphous]] [[silica]] [[gel]]s precipitating from supersaturated solutions without reacting with the [[aluminium]] or [[magnesium]] [[cation]]s to form crystalline [[silicate]]s, the [[silicic acid]] must be present in concentrations below the maximum solubility of amorphous silica. The principle behind this prerequisite can be found in structural chemistry: "Since the polysilicate ions are not of uniform size, they cannot arrange themselves along with the metal ions into a regular crystal lattice." (Iler, 1955, p.&nbsp;182<ref>{{Cite book|title=The colloid chemistry of silica and silicates|last=Iler|first=R. K.|publisher=Cornell University Press|year=1955|location=Ithaca, N.Y.|name-list-style=vanc}}</ref>)<br />
<br />
The second aspect of the low-temperature synthesis of kaolinite is that the [[aluminium]] cations must be hexacoordinated with respect to [[oxygen]] (Caillère and Hénin, 1947;<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Caillère S, Hénin S|date=1947|title=Formation d'une phyllite du type kaolinique par traitement d'une montmorillonite|journal=Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris|volume=224|issue=1|pages=53–55}}</ref> Caillère et al., 1953;<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Caillère S, Hénin S, Esquevin J|date=1953|title=Recherches sur la synthèse des minéraux argileux|journal=Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie|language=fr|volume=76|issue=7|pages=300–314|doi=10.3406/bulmi.1953.4841}}</ref> Hénin and Robichet, 1955<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hénin S, Robichet O|date=1955|title=Résultats obtenus au cours de nouveaux essais de synthèse de minéraux argileux|journal=Bulletin du Groupe français des argiles|language=fr|volume=6|issue=1|pages=19–22|doi=10.3406/argil.1955.1257}}</ref>). Gastuche et al. (1962)<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Gastuche MC, Fripiat JJ, DeKimpe C|date=1962|title=La genèse des minéraux argileux de la famille du kaolin. I. – Aspect colloidal|journal=Colloque C.N.R.S.|volume=105|pages=57–65}}</ref> and Caillère and Hénin (1962) have concluded that kaolinite can only ever be formed when the aluminium hydroxide is in the form of [[gibbsite]]. Otherwise, the precipitate formed will be a "mixed alumino-silicic gel" (as Millot, 1970, p.&nbsp;343 put it). If it were the only requirement, large amounts of kaolinite could be harvested simply by adding gibbsite powder to a silica solution. Undoubtedly a marked degree of adsorption of the silica in solution by the gibbsite surfaces will take place, but, as stated before, mere adsorption does not create the layer lattice typical of kaolinite crystals.<br />
<br />
The third aspect is that these two initial components must be incorporated into one mixed crystal with a layer structure. From the following equation (as given by Gastuche and DeKimpe, 1962)<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Gastuche MC, DeKimpe C|date=1962|title=La genèse des minéraux argileux de la famille du kaolin. II. Aspect cristallin|journal=Colloque C.N.R.S.|volume=105|pages=75–88}}</ref> for kaolinite formation<br />
: {{chem2|2Al(OH)3 + 2H4SiO4 -> Si2O5•Al2(OH)4 + 5H2O }}<br />
it can be seen that five molecules of water must be removed from the reaction for every [[molecule]] of kaolinite formed. Field evidence illustrating the importance of the removal of water from the kaolinite reaction has been supplied by Gastuche and DeKimpe (1962). While studying [[soil formation]] on a [[basalt]]ic rock in [[Kivu]] ([[Zaïre]]), they noted how the occurrence of kaolinite depended on the {{lang|fr|"degrée de drainage"}} of the area involved. A clear distinction was found between areas with good [[drainage]] (i.e., areas with a marked difference between wet and dry seasons) and those areas with poor [[drainage]] (i.e., [[perennial]]ly [[swamp]]y areas). Kaolinite was only found in the areas with distinct seasonal alternations between wet and dry. The possible significance of alternating wet and dry conditions on the transition of [[allophane]] into kaolinite has been stressed by Tamura and Jackson (1953).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tamura T, Jackson ML|date=1953|title=Structural and Energy Relationships in the Formation of Iron and Aluminum Oxides, Hydroxides, and Silicates|journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]]|volume=117|issue=3041|pages=381–383|doi=10.1126/science.117.3041.381|pmid=17749950|bibcode=1953Sci...117..381T}}</ref> The role of alternations between wetting and drying on the formation of kaolinite has also been noted by Moore (1964).<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Moore LR|date=1964|title=The in Situ Formation and Development of Some Kaolinite Macrocrystals|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/clay-minerals-bulletin/article/in-situ-formation-and-development-of-some-kaolinite-macrocrystals/3B15F40C24CBDF3AF6128FC3C0963C2D|journal=[[Clay Minerals]]|volume=5|issue=31|pages=338–352|doi=10.1180/claymin.1964.005.31.02|doi-broken-date=1 July 2025 |bibcode=1964ClMin...5..338M|url-access=subscription}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Laboratory syntheses===<br />
Syntheses of kaolinite at high temperatures (more than {{convert|100|C|disp=sqbr}}) are relatively well known. There are for example the syntheses of Van Nieuwenberg and Pieters (1929);<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=van Nieuwenburg CJ, Pieters HA|date=1929|title=Studies on hydrated aluminium silicates: I. The rehydration of metakaolin and the synthesis of kaolin|journal=[[Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas|Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas]]|volume=48|issue=1|pages=27–36|doi=10.1002/recl.19290480106}}</ref> Noll (1934);<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Noll W|date=1934|title=Hydrothermale Synthese des Kaolins|journal=Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie|language=de|volume=45|issue=2–3|pages=175–190|doi=10.1007/BF02943371|bibcode=1934ZKMP...45..175N|s2cid=96869398}}</ref> Noll (1936);<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Noll W|date=1936|title=Über die Bildungsbedingungen von Kaolin, Montmorillonit, Sericit, Pyrophyllit und Analcim|journal=Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie|language=de|volume=48|issue=3–4|pages=210–247|doi=10.1007/BF02939458|bibcode=1936ZKMP...48..210N|s2cid=128744123}}</ref> Norton (1939);<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Norton FH|date=1939|title=Hydrothermal formation of clay minerals in the laboratory|url=https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/msa/ammin/article-abstract/24/1/1/537069/hydrothermal-formation-of-clay-minerals-in-the|journal=[[American Mineralogist|Am. Mineral.]]|volume=24|issue=1|pages=1–17}}</ref> Roy and Osborn (1954);<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Roy R, Osborn EF|date=1954|title=The system Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O |url=https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/msa/ammin/article-abstract/39/11-12/853/539421/the-system-al2o3-sio2-h2o|journal=[[American Mineralogist|Am. Mineral.]]|volume=39|issue=11–12|pages=853–885}}</ref> Roy (1961);<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Roy R|date=1962|title=The preparation and properties of synthetic clay minerals|journal=Colloque C.N.R.S.|volume=105|pages=83–98}}</ref> Hawkins and Roy (1962);<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hawkins DB, Roy R|date=1962|title=Electrolytic Synthesis of Kaolinite Under Hydrothermal Conditions|journal=[[Journal of the American Ceramic Society|J. Am. Ceram. Soc.]]|volume=45|issue=10|pages=507–508|doi=10.1111/j.1151-2916.1962.tb11044.x}}</ref> Tomura et al. (1985);<ref>{{Cite journal|display-authors=3|vauthors=Tomura S, Shibasaki Y, Mizuta H, Kitamura M|date=1985|title=Growth Conditions and Genesis of Spherical and Platy Kaolinite|journal=Clays and Clay Minerals|volume=33|issue=3|pages=200–206|doi=10.1346/CCMN.1985.0330305|bibcode=1985CCM....33..200T|doi-access=free}}</ref> Satokawa et al. (1994)<ref>{{Cite journal|display-authors=3|vauthors=Satokawa S, Osaki Y, Samejima S, Miyawaki R, Tomura S, Shibasaki Y, Sugahara Y|date=1994|title=Effects of the Structure of Silica-Alumina Gel on the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Kaolinite|journal=Clays and Clay Minerals|volume=42|issue=3|pages=288–297|doi=10.1346/CCMN.1994.0420307|bibcode=1994CCM....42..288S|doi-access=free}}</ref> and Huertas et al. (1999).<ref>{{Cite journal|display-authors=3|vauthors=Huertas FJ, Fiore S, Huertas F, Linares J|date=1999|title=Experimental study of the hydrothermal formation of kaolinite|journal=Chemical Geology|volume=156|issue=1–4|pages=171–190|doi=10.1016/S0009-2541(98)00180-6|bibcode=1999ChGeo.156..171H}}</ref><br />
Relatively few low-temperature syntheses have become known (cf. Brindley and DeKimpe (1961);<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Brindley GW, De Kimpe C|date=1961|title=Attempted Low-Temperature Syntheses of Kaolin Minerals|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|volume=190|issue=4772|pages=254|doi=10.1038/190254a0|bibcode=1961Natur.190..254B|s2cid=4149442|doi-access=free}}</ref> DeKimpe (1969);<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=De Kimpe CR|date=1969|title=Crystallization of kaolinite at low temperature from an alumino-silicic gel|journal=Clays and Clay Minerals|volume=17|issue=1|pages=37–38|doi=10.1346/CCMN.1969.0170107|bibcode=1969CCM....17...37D|doi-access=free}}</ref> Bogatyrev et al. (1997)<ref>{{Cite journal|display-authors=3|vauthors=Bogatyrev BA, Mateeva LA, Zhukov VV, Magazina LO|date=1997|title=Low-temperature synthesis of kaolinite and halloysite on the gibbsite – silicic acid solution system|journal=Transactions (Doklady) of the Russian Academy of Sciences|series=Earth science sections|volume=353 A|pages=403–405}}</ref>).<br />
<br />
Laboratory syntheses of kaolinite at room temperature and atmospheric pressure have been described by DeKimpe et al. (1961).<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=DeKimpe CR, Gastuche MC, Brindley GW|date=1961|title=Ionic coordination in alumino-silicic acids in relation to clay mineral formation|url=http://rruff.info/doclib/am/vol46/AM46_1370.pdf|journal=[[American Mineralogist|Am. Mineral.]]|volume=46|issue=11–12|pages=1370–1381}}</ref> From those tests the role of periodicity becomes convincingly clear. DeKimpe et al. (1961) had used daily additions of [[alumina]] (as {{Chem2|AlCl3*6 H2O}}) and [[silica]] (in the form of [[ethyl silicate]]) during at least two months. In addition, adjustments of the pH took place every day by way of adding either [[hydrochloric acid]] or [[sodium hydroxide]]. Such daily additions of Si and Al to the solution in combination with the daily titrations with [[hydrochloric acid]] or [[sodium hydroxide]] during at least 60 days will have introduced the necessary element of periodicity. Only now the actual role of what has been described as the "aging" (''Alterung'') of amorphous alumino-silicates (as for example Harder, 1978<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Harder H|date=1978|title=Synthesen von Tonmineralen unter spezieller Berücksichtigung festländischer Bedingungen|journal=Schriftenreihe für geologische Wissenschaften (Berlin)|language=de|volume=11|pages=51–78}}</ref> had noted) can be fully understood. As such, time is not bringing about any change in a closed system at equilibrium; but a series of alternations of periodically changing conditions (by definition, taking place in an open system) will bring about the low-temperature formation of more and more of the stable phase kaolinite instead of (ill-defined) amorphous alumino-silicates.<br />
<br />
==Applications==<br />
===Main===<br />
In 2009, up to 70% of kaolin was used in the production of [[paper]]. Following reduced demand from the paper industry, resulting from both competing minerals and the effect of digital media, in 2016 the market share was reported to be: paper, 36%; ceramics, 31%; paint, 7% and other, 26%.<ref name="Ceramics' F. Hart 2019. Pg.28">'Positive Outlook For Kaolin In Ceramics' F. Hart, I. Wilson. Industrial Minerals, April 2019. Pg.28</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=King |first1=R.J. |title=Kaolinite |journal=Geology Today |date=March 2009 |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=75–78 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2451.2009.00711.x|bibcode=2009GeolT..25...75K |s2cid=242917623 }}</ref> According to the [[United States Geological Survey|USGS]], in 2021 the global production of kaolin was estimated to be around 45 million tonnes.<ref>U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, January 2022</ref><br />
<br />
* '''Paper''' applications require high-brightness, low abrasion and delaminated kaolins. For paper coatings it is used to enhance the gloss, brilliance, smoothness and receptability to inks; it can account for 25% of mass of the paper. As a paper filler it is used as a pulp extender, and to increase opacity; it can account for 15% of mass.<ref>’Industrial Minerals And Their Uses - A Handbook And Formulary. P. A. Ciullo. William Andrew, 1996. Pg. 43</ref><ref name="Markets And Industry Outlook 2013. Pg. 332">'Kaolin - Global Markets And Industry Outlook' 13th edition. Roskill Information Services, 2013. Pg. 332</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Murray HH, Lyons SC|date=1955|title=Correlation of Paper-Coating Quality with Degree of Crystal Perfection of Kaolinite|journal=Clays and Clay Minerals|volume=4|issue=1|pages=31–40|doi=10.1346/CCMN.1955.0040105|bibcode=1955CCM.....4...31M|doi-access=free}}</ref><br />
* In whiteware '''ceramic''' bodies, kaolin can constitute up to 50% of the raw materials. In unfired bodies it contributes to the green strength, plasticity and rheological properties, such as the casting rate. During firing it reacts with other body components to form the crystal and glass phases. With suitable firing schedules it is key to the formation of [[mullite]]. The most valued grades have low contents of chromophoric oxides such that the fired material has high whiteness.<ref>’Industrial Minerals And Their Uses - A Handbook And Formular’ P. A. Ciullo. William Andrew, 1996. Pg. 43</ref><ref name="Markets And Industry Outlook 2013. Pg. 332"/><ref>’Dictionary Of Ceramic Science And Engineering' L. S. O’Bannon. Plenum Press / Springer. 1984. Pg.146</ref><ref>’Dictionary Of Ceramic Science And Engineering’ 3rd edition. I. MCcolm. Springer, 2013</ref> In glazes it is primarily used as a rheology control agent, but also contributes some green strength. In both glazes and frits it contributes some SiO<sub>2</sub> as a glass network former, and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as both a network former and modifier.<ref>'Ceramics Glaze Technology.' J.R.Taylor & A.C.Bull. The Institute Of Ceramics/Pergamon Press986</ref><br />
<br />
===Other industrial===<br />
* As a raw material for the production of an insulation material called Kaowool (a form of [[Mineral wool#Kaowool|mineral wool]]).<br />
* An additive to some [[paint]]s to extend the [[titanium dioxide]] ({{Chem2|TiO2}}) white pigment and modify gloss levels.<br />
* An additive to modify the properties of [[rubber]] upon [[vulcanization]].<br />
* An additive to adhesives to modify [[rheology]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQPozu9fWrIC&pg=PA43|title=Industrial Minerals and Their Uses: A Handbook and Formulary|last=Ciullo|first=Peter A.|publisher=Noyes Publications|year=1996|isbn=9780815518082|location=Westwood, NJ|pages=41–43|name-list-style=vanc}}</ref><br />
* As adsorbents in water and wastewater treatment.<ref>{{cite journal|display-authors=3|vauthors=Leiviskä T, Gehör S, Eijärvi E, Sarpola A, Tanskanen J|date=2012|title=Characteristics and potential applications of coarse clay fractions from Puolanka, Finland|journal=[[Open Engineering|Open Eng.]]|volume=2|issue=2|pages=239–247|bibcode=2012CEJE....2..239L|doi=10.2478/s13531-011-0067-9|doi-access=free}}</ref><br />
* In its altered [[metakaolin]] form, as a [[pozzolan]]; when added to a concrete mix, metakaolin accelerates the hydration of [[Portland cement]] and takes part in the [[pozzolanic reaction]] with the [[portlandite]] formed in the hydration of the main cement minerals (e.g. [[alite]]).<br />
* [[Metakaolin]] is also a base component for [[geopolymer]] compounds.<br />
<br />
===Medical===<br />
* To soothe an upset [[stomach]], similar to the way [[parrot]]s (and later, humans) in [[South America]] originally used it<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Diamond JM|date=1999|title=Dirty eating for healthy living|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|series=Evolutionary biology|volume=400|issue=6740|pages=120–121|bibcode=1999Natur.400..120D|doi=10.1038/22014|pmid=10408435|doi-access=free}}</ref> (more recently, industrially produced).<br />
* Kaolin-based preparations are used for treatment of [[diarrhea]].<br />
* An ingredient in 'pre-work' skin protection and [[barrier cream]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.debgroup.com/sites/default/files/uploads/product-sheets/en-us/stokoderm_protect_pure_pi.pdf|title=Stokoderm Protect PURE|date=2017|website=debgroup.com|publisher=Deb USA, Inc.|type=product leaflet|access-date=12 April 2018}}</ref><br />
* To induce and accelerate blood clotting. In April 2008 the US [[Naval Medical Research Institute]] announced the successful use of a kaolinite-derived [[aluminosilicate]] infusion in traditional [[gauze]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wired.com/medtech/health/news/2008/04/blood_clotting|title=Nanoparticles Help Gauze Stop Gushing Wounds|last=Rowe A|date=24 April 2008|magazine=Wired|access-date=5 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090706091649/http://www.wired.com/medtech/health/news/2008/04/blood_clotting|archive-date=6 July 2009|url-status=live|publisher=Condé Nast}}</ref> which is still the hemostat of choice for all branches of the US military. See [[Kaolin clotting time]] and [[QuikClot]].<br />
* As a mild abrasive in [[toothpaste]].<br />
<br />
===Cosmetics===<br />
* As a filler in [[cosmetics]].<br />
* For facial masks or soap.<br />
* for spa body treatments, such as body wraps, cocoons, or spot treatments.<br />
<br />
===Archaeology===<br />
* As an indicator in [[radiological dating]] since kaolinite can contain very small traces of [[uranium]] and [[thorium]].<br />
<br />
===Geophagy===<br />
* Humans sometimes eat kaolin for pleasure or to suppress hunger,<ref name="Balengou">{{Cite news|url=http://www.quotidienlejour.com/double-page-/reportage/504-balengou-autour-des-mines|title=Balengou: autour des mines|last=Kamtche F|date=2012|work=Le Jour|access-date=22 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304025224/http://www.quotidienlejour.com/double-page-/reportage/504-balengou-autour-des-mines|archive-date=4 March 2012|url-status=dead|language=fr|trans-title=Balengou: around the mines}}</ref> a practice known as [[geophagy]]. In Africa, kaolin used for such purposes is known as ''kalaba'' (in [[Gabon]]<ref>Karine Boucher, Suzanne Lafage. [http://www.unice.fr/ILF-CNRS/ofcaf/14/K14.html "Le lexique français du Gabon: K."] ''Le Français en Afrique: Revue du Réseau des Observatoires du Français Contemporain en Afrique''. 2000.</ref> and [[Cameroon]]<ref name="Balengou"/>), ''calaba'', and ''calabachop'' (in [[Equatorial Guinea]]). Consumption is greater among women, especially during pregnancy,<ref>Gerald N. Callahan. [http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol9no8/03-0033.htm "Eating Dirt."] ''[[Emerging Infectious Diseases]]''. 9.8 (August 2003).</ref> and its use is sometimes said by women of the region to be a habit analogous to cigarette smoking among men. The practice has also been observed within a small population of African-American women in the [[Southern United States]], especially [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], likely brought with the traditions of the aforementioned Africans via [[Slavery in the United States|slavery]].<ref name="Clay Eating">{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Clay Eating|date=3 February 2004|encyclopedia=[[New Georgia Encyclopedia]]|last=Grigsby RK|series=Science & Medicine|type=online|url=https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/science-medicine/clay-eating|access-date=2019-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/04/02/297881388/the-old-and-mysterious-practice-of-eating-dirt-revealed?t=1553254886529|title=The Old And Mysterious Practice of Eating Dirt, Revealed|last=Chen L|date=2 April 2014|work=The Salt|publisher=NPR}}</ref> There, the kaolin is called ''white dirt'', ''chalk'' or ''white clay''.<ref name="Clay Eating"/><br />
<br />
===Geotechnical engineering===<br />
* Research results show that the utilization of kaolinite in [[geotechnical engineering]] can be alternatively replaced by safer illite, especially if its presence is less than 10.8% of the total rock mass.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Supandi |first1=Supandi |last2=Zakaria |first2=Zufialdi |last3=Sukiyah |first3=Emi |last4=Sudradjat |first4=Adjat |title=The Influence of Kaolinite - Illite toward mechanical properties of Claystone |journal=Open Geosciences |date=2019-08-29 |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=440–446 |doi=10.1515/geo-2019-0035|bibcode=2019OGeo...11...35S |doi-access=free }}</ref><br />
<br />
===Small-scale uses===<br />
* As a light-diffusing material in white [[incandescent light bulb]]s.<br />
* In [[organic farming]] as a [[kaolin spray|spray]] applied to crops to deter [[Codling moth|insect]] damage, and in the case of apples, to prevent sun scald.<br />
* As [[whitewash]] in traditional stone masonry homes in Nepal.<br />
* As a filler in [[Edison Disc Record|Edison Diamond Discs]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gracyk.com/diamonddisc.shtml|title=Edison Diamond Discs: 1912 - 1929|last=Gracyk T|date=2006|website=Tim Gracyk's Phonographs, Singers, & Old Records|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Production output==<br />
Global production of kaolin by country in 2012 was estimated to be:<ref>'Kaolin - Global Markets And Industry Outlook' 13th edition. Roskill Information Services, 2013. Pgs. 28-30</ref><br />
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible"<br />
|+Thousands of tonnes<br />
! Global - total !! 26,651<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! Egypt<br />
| 275<br />
|-<br />
! Nigeria<br />
| 100<br />
|-<br />
! Algeria<br />
| 80<br />
|-<br />
! Tanzania<br />
| 45<br />
|-<br />
! Sudan<br />
| 35<br />
|-<br />
! Uganda<br />
| 30<br />
|-<br />
! South Africa<br />
| 15<br />
|-<br />
! Ethiopia<br />
| 2<br />
|-<br />
! Kenya<br />
| 1<br />
|-<br />
! Africa - total<br />
| 583<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! China<br />
| 3,950<br />
|-<br />
! South Korea<br />
| 800<br />
|-<br />
! Vietnam<br />
| 650<br />
|-<br />
! Malaysia<br />
| 450<br />
|-<br />
! Thailand<br />
| 180<br />
|-<br />
! Indonesia'<br />
| 175<br />
|-<br />
! India<br />
| 75<br />
|-<br />
! Bangladesh<br />
| 20<br />
|-<br />
! Taiwan<br />
| 17<br />
|-<br />
! Pakistan<br />
| 15<br />
|-<br />
! Sri Lanka<br />
| 11<br />
|-<br />
! Japan<br />
| 3<br />
|-<br />
! Philippines<br />
| 2<br />
|-<br />
! Asia - total<br />
| 6,348<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! Germany<br />
| 4,800<br />
|-<br />
! UK<br />
| 1,000<br />
|-<br />
! Czech Republic<br />
| 650<br />
|-<br />
! Italy<br />
| 625<br />
|-<br />
! France<br />
| 350<br />
|-<br />
! Portugal<br />
| 325<br />
|-<br />
! Spain<br />
| 300<br />
|-<br />
! [[Bosnia and Herzegovina|Bosnia–Herzegovina]]<br />
| 250<br />
|-<br />
! Bulgaria<br />
| 225<br />
|-<br />
! Russia<br />
| 170<br />
|-<br />
! Poland<br />
| 125<br />
|-<br />
! Ukraine<br />
| 100<br />
|-<br />
! Serbia<br />
| 90<br />
|-<br />
! Austria<br />
| 65<br />
|-<br />
! Denmark<br />
| 3<br />
|-<br />
! Europe - total<br />
| 9,078<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! US<br />
| 5,900<br />
|-<br />
! Mexico<br />
| 120<br />
|-<br />
! N. America - total<br />
| 6,020<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! Iran<br />
| 1,500<br />
|-<br />
! Turkey<br />
| 725<br />
|-<br />
! Jordan<br />
| 100<br />
|-<br />
! Saudi Arabia<br />
| 70<br />
|-<br />
! Iraq<br />
| 3<br />
|-<br />
! Middle East - total<br />
| 2,398<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! Australia<br />
| 40<br />
|-<br />
! New Zealand<br />
| 11<br />
|-<br />
! Oceania - total<br />
| 51<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! Brazil<br />
| 1,900<br />
|-<br />
! Argentina<br />
| 80<br />
|-<br />
! Paraguay<br />
| 66<br />
|-<br />
! Chile<br />
| 60<br />
|-<br />
! Colombia<br />
| 20<br />
|-<br />
! Peru<br />
| 20<br />
|-<br />
! Ecuador<br />
| 15<br />
|-<br />
! Venezuela<br />
| 10<br />
|-<br />
! Guatemala<br />
| 2<br />
|-<br />
! S. & C. America - total<br />
| 2,173<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Typical properties==<br />
Some selected typical properties of various ceramic grade kaolins are:<ref name="Ceramics' F. Hart 2019. Pg.28"/><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable collapsible"<br />
! Product name !! SSP !! Premium !! Longyan 325# !! Zettlitz 1A !! OKA<br />
|-<br />
! Country<br />
| UK || New Zealand || China || Czech Republic || Germany<br />
|-<br />
! Manufacturer<br />
| Imerys || Imerys || Logyan || Sedlecky || AKW<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
| || || || ||<br />
|-<br />
! % < 2 μm<br />
| 85 || 97 || 25 || 56 || 82<br />
|-<br />
! % <1 μm<br />
| 50 || 88 || 15 || 41 || 50<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
| || || || ||<br />
|-<br />
! SiO<sub>2</sub>, %<br />
| 48.0 || 49.5 || 49.3 || 48.0 || 49.5<br />
|-<br />
! Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, %<br />
| 37.0 || 35.5 || 35.5 || 37.0 || 35.5<br />
|-<br />
! Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, %<br />
| 0.44 || 0.29 || 0.22 || 0.68 || 0.43<br />
|-<br />
! TiO<sub>2</sub>, %<br />
| 0.01 || 0.09 || 0.01 || 0.20 || 0.17<br />
|-<br />
! CaO, %<br />
| 0.10 || -|| 0.03 || 0.08 || 0.20<br />
|-<br />
! MgO, %<br />
| 0.25 || -|| 0.25 || 0.23 || 0.02<br />
|-<br />
! K<sub>2</sub>O, %<br />
| 1.25 || -|| 1.90 || 0.92 || 0.30<br />
|-<br />
! Na<sub>2</sub>O, %<br />
| 0.15 || -|| 0.09 || 0.07 || 0.01<br />
|-<br />
! [[Loss on ignition|LOI]]%<br />
| 12.8 || 13.8 || 11.9 || 12.9 || 13.4<br />
|-<br />
!<br />
| || || || ||<br />
|-<br />
! Kaolinite, %<br />
| 95 || -|| 40 || 89 || 86<br />
|-<br />
! Halloysite, %<br />
| -|| 92 || 40 || -|| -<br />
|-<br />
! Mica, %<br />
| 4 || -|| -|| -|| -<br />
|-<br />
! Quartz, %<br />
| 1 || 4 || 3 || 1 || 8<br />
|-<br />
! Smectite, %<br />
| -|| -|| -|| 1 || 6<br />
|-<br />
! Cristobalite, %<br />
| -|| 4 || -|| -|| -<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Safety==<br />
{{NFPA 704 | H= 1 | F= 0 | R= 0 | S= |caption=Kaolin |ref=<ref name=MSDS>{{cite web |title=Material Safety Data Sheet: Kaolin |url=https://www.conncoll.edu/media/website-media/offices/ehs/envhealthdocs/Tile-6_Kaolin.pdf |website=Connecticut College |publisher=Imerys Pigments and Additives Group |access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref>}}<br />
Kaolin is [[generally recognized as safe]], but may cause mild irritation of the skin or mucous membranes. Kaolin products may also contain traces of [[crystalline silica]], a known [[carcinogen]] if inhaled.<ref name=MSDS/><br />
<br />
In the US, the [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration]] (OSHA) has set the legal limit ([[permissible exposure limit]]) for kaolin exposure in the workplace as 15&nbsp;mg/m<sup>3</sup> total exposure and 5&nbsp;mg/m<sup>3</sup> respiratory exposure over an 8-hour workday. The [[National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health]] (NIOSH) has set a [[recommended exposure limit]] (REL) of 10&nbsp;mg/m<sup>3</sup> total exposure TWA 5&nbsp;mg/m<sup>3</sup> respiratory exposure over an 8-hour workday.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0364.html|title=Kaolin|website=[[National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|NIOSH]] Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards|publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|CDC]]|access-date=6 November 2015}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
{{colbegin}}<br />
* {{annotated link|China stone}}<br />
* {{annotated link|Clay pit}}<br />
* {{annotated link|Dickite}}<br />
* {{annotated link|Halloysite}}<br />
* {{annotated link|Kaolin Deposits of Charentes Basin, France}}<br />
* {{annotated link|Kaolin spray}}<br />
* {{annotated link|Medicinal clay}}<br />
* {{annotated link|Nacrite}}<br />
* {{annotated link|Cornish China Clay Branches}}<br />
{{colend}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
===Citations===<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
===General references===<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{Cite book |title=Zeolite Molecular Sieves |last=Breck |first=D. W. |publisher=R.E. Krieger Publishing Co. |year=1984 |isbn=0898746485 |location=[[Malabar, Florida|Malabar]] |pages=314–315 }}<br />
* {{Cite book |title=An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals |last1=Deer |first1=W. A. |last2=Howie|first2=R.A. |last3=Zussman|first3=J. |publisher=Longman |year=1992 |isbn=0582300940 |edition=2nd |location=Harlow |title-link=An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals }}<br />
* {{Cite book|title=Manual of Mineralogy... |author3=J.D. Dana |last=Hurlbut |first=C. S. |author2=C. Klein |display-authors=1 |ref={{harvid|Hurlbut & al.|1985}} |publisher=Wiley |year=1985 |isbn=0471805807 |edition=20th |pages=[https://archive.org/details/manualofmineralo00klei/page/428 428–429] |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/manualofmineralo00klei/page/428 }}<br />
* {{citation |last=Needham |first=Joseph |author2=Rose Kerr |author3=Nigel Wood |author4=Ts'ai Mei-fen |author5=Zhang Fukang |display-authors=1 |ref={{harvid|Needham & al.|2004}} |date=2004 |author-link=Joseph Needham |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mabcHwmAD5oC |title=Science and Civilisation in China, ''Vol. 5:'' Chemistry and Chemical Technology, ''Part XII:'' Ceramic Technology |editor=Rose Kerr |editor2=Christopher Cullen |display-editors=0 |location=[[Cambridge, England|Cambridge]] |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-83833-9 |contribution=Chinese Porcelain and the City of Ching-te-chen |contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mabcHwmAD5oC&pg=PA184 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=mabcHwmAD5oC&pg=PA184 184–240] }}.<br />
* {{cite journal |url=http://www.elementsmagazine.org/toc/toc_v10n3.pdf |access-date=14 September 2022 |title=Kaolin |date = June 2014 | volume=10 | number=3 |editor-last1=Schroeder |editor-first1=Paul A. |editor-last2=Erickson |editor-first2=Gary |display-editors=1 |ref={{harvid|Schroeder & al.|2022}} |journal=Elements}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0364.html CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards]<br />
<br />
{{Phyllosilicates}}<br />
{{Clay minerals}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Aluminium minerals]]<br />
[[Category:Aluminosilicates]]<br />
[[Category:Clay minerals group]]<br />
[[Category:Industrial minerals]]<br />
[[Category:Medicinal clay]]<br />
[[Category:Triclinic minerals]]<br />
[[Category:Minerals in space group 1]]<br />
[[Category:Kaolinite subgroup]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_parganas_of_Uttarakhand&diff=477691List of parganas of Uttarakhand2026-02-18T02:28:22Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|none}}<br />
{{more footnotes|date=May 2020}}<br />
<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}<br />
<br />
The article lists all the 86 [[pargana]]s in the [[List of districts of Uttarakhand|13 districts]] of [[Uttarakhand]].<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|-<br />
! Divisions !! Districts !! Parganas<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan=7 |[[Garhwal division|Garhwal]] || [[Chamoli district|Chamoli]] ||<br />
* [[Badhan, Uttarakhand|Badhan]]<br />
* [[Chamoli Gopeshwar|Chamoli]]<br />
* [[Chandpur, Uttarakhand|Chandpur]]<br />
* [[Gairsain]]<br />
* [[Nandanagar|Ghat]]<br />
* [[Joshimath]]<br />
* [[Karnaprayag]]<br />
* [[Pokhari, Uttarakhand|Pokhari]]<br />
|- <br />
| [[Dehradun district|Dehradun]] ||<br />
* [[Jaunsar Bawar]]<br />
* [[Pachhwadun]]<br />
* [[Parwadun]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Haridwar district|Haridwar]] ||<br />
* [[Bhagwanpur, Uttarakhand|Bhagwanpur]]<br />
* [[Churiyala Mohanpur]]<br />
* [[Gordhanpur]]<br />
* [[Jwalapur]]<br />
* [[Manglaur]]<br />
* [[Najibabad, Uttarakhand|Najibabad]]<br />
* [[Roorkee]]<br />
* [[Sikrorha]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pauri Garhwal district|Pauri Garhwal]] ||<br />
* [[Barahsyun]]<br />
* [[Bhabar, Uttarakhand|Bhabar]]<br />
* [[Chandkot]]<br />
* [[Devalgarh]]<br />
* [[Ganga Salan]]<br />
* [[Malla Salan]]<br />
* [[Talla Salan]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Rudraprayag district|Rudraprayag]] ||<br />
* [[Basukedar]]<br />
* [[Jakholi]]<br />
* [[Ukhimath]]<br />
* [[Viro, Uttarakhand|Viro]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tehri Garhwal district|Tehri Garhwal]] ||<br />
* [[Chaka, Uttarakhand|Chaka]]<br />
* [[Chamba, Uttarakhand|Chamba]]<br />
* [[Chamiyala]]<br />
* [[Chandrabadani Devi|Chandrabadani]]<br />
* [[Dangi, Uttarakhand|Dangi]]<br />
* [[Devprayag]]<br />
* [[Dhanaulti]]<br />
* [[Ghansali]]<br />
* [[Jakhanidhar]]<br />
* [[Lambgaon]]<br />
* [[Nainbagh]]<br />
* [[Narendranagar]]<br />
* [[Pratapnagar, Uttarakhand|Pratapnagar]]<br />
* [[Udaipur, Uttarakhand|Udaipur]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Uttarkashi district|Uttarkashi]] ||<br />
* [[Barkot, Uttarakhand|Barkot]]<br />
* [[Bhatwari]]<br />
* [[Chinyalisaur]]<br />
* [[Dunda]]<br />
* [[Mori, Uttarakhand|Mori]]<br />
* [[Purola]]<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan=6 | [[Kumaon division|Kumaon]] || [[Almora district|Almora]] ||<br />
* [[Baramandal]]<br />
* [[Bhikiyasain]]<br />
* [[Dwarahat]]<br />
* [[Jainti]]<br />
* [[Pali, Uttarakhand|Pali]]<br />
* [[Salt, Uttarakhand|Salt]]<br />
* [[Someshwar, Uttarakhand|Someshwar]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bageshwar district|Bageshwar]] ||<br />
* [[Danpur, Uttarakhand|Danpur]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Champawat district|Champawat]] ||<br />
* [[Kali Kumaon]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nainital district|Nainital]] ||<br />
* [[Bhawar Chaumaisi]]<br />
* [[Bhawar Chhah Khata]]<br />
* [[Bhawar Chilkiya]]<br />
* [[Bhawarkota]]<br />
* [[Chhah Khata]]<br />
* [[Dhaniyakot]]<br />
* [[Dhyani Raun]]<br />
* [[Kutoli]]<br />
* [[Paharkota]]<br />
* [[Ramgarh, Uttarakhand|Ramgarh]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pithoragarh district|Pithoragarh]] ||<br />
* [[Askot]]<br />
* [[Berinag]]<br />
* [[Darma Valley|Darma]]<br />
* [[Ganai Gangoli]]<br />
* [[Gangoli]]<br />
* [[Johar Valley|Johar]]<br />
* [[Sira, Uttarakhand|Sira]]<br />
* [[Sor, Uttarakhand|Sor]]<br />
* [[Tejam]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Udham Singh Nagar district|Udham Singh Nagar]] ||<br />
* [[Bajpur]]<br />
* [[Bilhairi]]<br />
* [[Gadarpur]]<br />
* [[Jaspur]]<br />
* [[Kashipur, Uttarakhand|Kashipur]]<br />
* [[Khatima]]<br />
* [[Rudrapur, Uttarakhand|Rudrapur]]<br />
* [[Sitarganj]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==District-wise details==<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"<br />
|-style="background:#ffffdd; color:#000;"<br />
! No.<br />
! Districts<br />
! Parganas<br />
|-<br />
| 1<br />
| [[Almora district|Almora]]<br />
| 7<br />
|-<br />
| 2<br />
| [[Bageshwar district|Bageshwar]]<br />
| 1<br />
|-<br />
| 3<br />
| [[Chamoli district|Chamoli]]<br />
| 8<br />
|-<br />
| 4<br />
| [[Champawat district|Champawat]]<br />
| 1<br />
|-<br />
| 5<br />
| [[Dehradun district|Dehradun]]<br />
| 3<br />
|-<br />
| 6<br />
| [[Haridwar district|Haridwar]]<br />
| 8<br />
|-<br />
| 7<br />
| [[Nainital district|Nainital]]<br />
| 10<br />
|-<br />
| 8<br />
| [[Pauri Garhwal district|Pauri Garhwal]]<br />
| 7<br />
|-<br />
| 9<br />
| [[Pithoragarh district|Pithoragarh]]<br />
| 9<br />
|-<br />
| 10<br />
| [[Rudraprayag district|Rudraprayag]]<br />
| 4<br />
|-<br />
| 11<br />
| [[Tehri Garhwal district|Tehri Garhwal]]<br />
| 14<br />
|-<br />
| 12<br />
| [[Udham Singh Nagar district|Udham Singh Nagar]]<br />
| 8<br />
|-<br />
| 13<br />
| [[Uttarkashi district|Uttarkashi]]<br />
| 6<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="2"| '''Total'''<br />
| '''86'''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Administrative divisions of Uttarakhand]]<br />
* [[List of districts of Uttarakhand]]<br />
* [[List of tehsils of Uttarakhand]]<br />
* [[List of community development blocks of Uttarakhand]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
* {{cite web|title=District/Tehsil/Block wise Census Details|url=http://des.uk.gov.in/files/pdf/up.pdf|accessdate=9 July 2017}}<br />
* {{cite web|title=Uttarakhand Land Records|url=http://bhulekh.uk.gov.in/Bhulekh/public/public_ror/Public_ROR.jsp|accessdate=9 July 2017}}<br />
<br />
{{Parganas of Uttarakhand}}<br />
{{Uttarakhand}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Uttarakhand-related lists|Parganas]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Li_Gotami_Govinda&diff=512139Li Gotami Govinda2026-02-08T09:23:19Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Added some post basic info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| honorific_prefix = <br />
| name = Li Gotami Govinda<br />
| honorific_suffix = <br />
| image = Li Gotami Govinda.jpg<br />
| image_size = <!-- DISCOURAGED per WP:IMGSIZE. Use image_upright. --><br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| native_name = <br />
| native_name_lang = <br />
| pronunciation = <br />
| birth_name = Ratti Petit<br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1906|04|22}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Bombay]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British India]]<br />
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1988|08|18|1906|04|22}}<br />
| death_place = [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]], India<br />
| death_cause = <br />
| resting_place = <br />
| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --><br />
| monuments = <br />
| other_names = <br />
| education = <br />
| alma_mater = <br />
| occupation = <br />
| years_active = <br />
| era = <br />
| organization = <br />
| known_for = <br />
| notable_works = <!-- produces label "Notable work"; may be overridden by |credits=, which produces label "Notable credit(s)"; or by |works=, which produces label "Works" --><br />
| style = <br />
| movement = <br />
| spouse = {{marriage |[[Anagarika Govinda]]<br />|1947|1985|end=died}}<br />
| children = <br />
| parents = <!-- overrides mother and father parameters --><br />
| mother = <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) --><br />
| father = <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) --><br />
| relatives = <br />
| family = <br />
| awards = <br />
| module = <br />
| module2 = <br />
| module3 = <br />
| module4 = <br />
| module5 = <br />
| module6 = <br />
| signature = <br />
| signature_size = <br />
| signature_alt = <br />
| footnotes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Li Gotami Govinda''' (born '''Ratti Petit''', 22 April 1906 – 18 August 1988) was an Indian painter, photographer, writer and composer. She was also skilled in ballet and stagecraft. She gained fame with her conversion to [[Mahayana Buddhism]] and travels in Tibet.<br />
<br />
==Biography==<br />
Ratti Petit was born on 22 April 1906 in [[Mumbai|Bombay]] to an affluent [[Parsi]] family. Her family owned the Bomanjee Dinshaw Petit Parsee General Hospital in [[Cumbala Hill]], Bombay. Gotami had at least one sister, Coomie Vakharia, and one brother, Maneckji Petit. She received her education in England at a school located in [[Harrow on the Hill]] and later at the [[Slade School of Fine Art]] in 1924. Ratti Petit traveled extensively across Europe, before returning to India in the 1930s. In India, she worked with artist [[Manishi Dey]] who introduced her to the [[Bengal School of Art]], which significantly influenced her. Petit married art collector and critic [[Karl Jamshed Khandalavala]] in the 1930s. However, the marriage was brief.<ref name="Mumbai Mirror1">{{cite web|last1=Gehi|first1=Reema|title=Painting a portrait|url=http://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/others/sunday-read/Painting-a-portrait/articleshow/52058627.cms|website=Mumbai Mirror|accessdate=18 December 2016|archive-date=12 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210312011956/https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/others/sunday-read/Painting-a-portrait/articleshow/52058627.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> Petit also co-founded the Camera Pictorialists of Bombay in the 1930s.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Harris|first1=Clare|title=Photography and Tibet|date=15 November 2016|publisher=Reaktion Books|isbn=9781780236995|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=buOcDQAAQBAJ|accessdate=18 December 2016|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
Petit traveled to [[Rabindranath Tagore]]'s [[ashram]] in [[Santiniketan|Shantiniketan]] in 1934 to study under artist [[Nandalal Bose]], and to learn [[Manipuri dance]]. According to Li Gotami's niece, Sylla Malvi, "Her parents were not happy about her going away. In fact, my grandfather even sent her brother (Maneckji Petit) to check on her." Petit spent 12 years at Shantiniketan. She also earned diplomas from the Arts and Music Schools. She met painter [[Abanindranath Tagore]], who taught at the arts school, eight years later. Tagore was impressed by Petit's paintings and became her mentor. According to Malvi, "She absolutely worshipped Abanindranath Tagore. It was he who told her that she would excel in religious and children's paintings".<ref name="Mumbai Mirror1"/><br />
[[File:Lama Govinda and Li Gotami after their wedding in 1947.jpg|thumb|Govinda and Li Gotami after their wedding in 1947.]]<br />
While at Shantiniketan, Petit also studied under [[Anagarika Govinda]], the Bolivian-German Professor of [[Visva-Bharati University|Vishwa Bharati University]].<ref name="Mumbai Mirror1"/> Petit married Govinda in 1947, in four separate ceremonies. Civil ceremonies were held in Bombay and [[Darjeeling]], and "[[lama]] marriage" ceremonies were performed in the [[Chumbi Valley]] by Ajo Rinpoche and by Govinda himself.<ref name = "Richard Power">{{cite book|last1=Power|first1=Richard|title=The Lost Teachings of Lama Govinda: Living Wisdom from a Modern Tibetan Master|date=20 September 2013|publisher=Quest Books|isbn=9780835630641|pages=xxx|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4lRbBgAAQBAJ|accessdate=18 December 2016|language=en|archive-date=29 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829124120/https://books.google.com/books?id=4lRbBgAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> Petit converted to [[Mahayana|Mahayana Buddhism]], and adopted the name Li Gotami, against the wishes of her devout [[Zoroastrianism|Zoroastrian]] parents.<ref name="Mumbai Mirror1"/> Govinda, who had acquired British citizenship in 1938, became a citizen of India in 1947.<ref>Hecker, 1990, p.86-87.</ref> The couple lived in a house rented from the writer [[Walter Evans-Wentz]] at [[Kasar Devi]], near [[Almora]] in northern India.<ref name="Donald S. Lopez, p.61">Donald S. Lopez, p.61.</ref> Kasar Devi, in hippie circles known as "[[Crank's Ridge]]", was a bohemian colony home to artists, writers and spiritual seekers such as [[Earl Brewster]], [[Alfred Sorensen]] and [[John Blofeld (writer)|John Blofeld]]. Many spiritual seekers, including the Beat Poets [[Allen Ginsberg]] and [[Gary Snyder]], the LSD Gurus [[Timothy Leary]] and [[Ralph Metzner]], the psychiatrist [[R. D. Laing]], and Tibetologist [[Robert Thurman]] came to visit Govinda at his ashram. The number of visitors became so great that the couple eventually put signs to keep unwanted visitors away.<ref name="Donald S. Lopez, p.61"/><br />
[[File:Li Gotami in Tibet in 1948.jpg|thumb|Li Gotami in Tibet with Ajo Repa Rinpoche in 1948.]]<br />
From Kasar Devi, Li Gotami and Govinda embarked on several expeditions to central and western [[Tibet]] in 1947-49. The expeditions were financed by the ''[[The Illustrated Weekly of India|Illustrated Weekly of India]]''.<ref>[[Birgit Zotz]]: ''Zur europäischen Wahrnehmung von Besessenheitsphänomenen und Orakelpriestertum in Tibet.'' Wien 2010, S. 75.</ref> During these expeditions, they made a large number of paintings, drawings and photographs. These travels are described in Govinda's book ''The Way of the White Clouds''. Li Gotami and Govinda set out on an expedition to [[Tsaparang]] in western Tibet in July 1948, arriving in the ancient city in September. They endured harsh conditions in the deserted city taking shelter in a crude stone hut with rough interiors and sooty walls. They ate two meals a day consisting of porridge and [[Chapati|chappatis]], cooked slowly over [[Domestic yak|yak]] dung and brushwood fires. The temperature was so low that tea would freeze inside a cup if it was not consumed quickly. The couple stayed in the city until at least December 1948, painstakingly photographing, sketching and tracing surviving [[fresco]]es.<ref name = "Richard Power"/><br />
<br />
Pictures of the Tsaparang frescoes taken by Li Gotami, still intact, appear in Govinda's ''The Way of the White Clouds'' ''Foundations of Tibetan Mysticism'' and ''Tibet in Pictures'' (co-authored with Li Gotami).<ref name="Donald S. Lopez, p.61"/><ref>Für eine ausführliche Beschreibung der Expedition siehe Lama Anagarika Govinda: ''Der Weg der weißen Wolken.'' Zürich 1969</ref> Li Gotami's photos of Tibet in the late 1940s are one of the last significant pictorial documentations of local life before the [[Chinese occupation of Tibet]] and the subsequent destruction during the [[Cultural Revolution]].<ref>Li Gotami Govinda: ''Tibet in Pictures.'' Berkeley 1979; Vol. 1, {{ISBN|0913546577}}; Vol. 2, {{ISBN|0913546585}}</ref> During their 1947–1948 expeditions to Tibet, Govinda and Li Gotami met Ajo Repa Rinpoche, who, according to Govinda, initiated them into the Kagyüpa school of [[Tibetan Buddhism]].<ref>Govinda, 1966, p.156. Donald S. Lopez, p.60. Birgit Zotz, [http://www.komyoji.at/content/lamagovinda.htm 'Tibetische Mystik, - nach Lama Anagarika Govinda Lama Anagarika Govinda'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408085900/http://www.komyoji.at/content/lamagovinda.htm |date=8 April 2019 }} (retrieved 6.8.2011)</ref><br />
<br />
From 1955, Li Gotami, together with Govinda, lived on a 40-acre estate in Almora, in the north-west of India, where they maintained an ashram and studied painting, Buddhist studies and meditation. The ashram was located in the wilderness and had no access to electricity or running water.<ref name="Mumbai Mirror1"/><ref name="Birgit Zotz 2010">Birgit Zotz: ''Zur europäischen Wahrnehmung von Besessenheitsphänomenen und Orakelpriestertum in Tibet.'' Wien 2010, S. 75–76</ref> From India, in the sixties and seventies, they undertook several lecture journeys, which took them around the world.<ref name="Birgit Zotz 2010"/> In 1960, Govinda went to Europe as a representative of Tibetan Buddhism at an international religious conference in Venice. Subsequently, he went to England, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and the Netherlands. In 1965, he went on a lecturing tour through Germany, France, and Switzerland, and in 1968-69, through the USA and Japan. Govinda went on world tours in 1972-73, and 1974-76. In 1977, he visited Germany.<ref>Birgit Zotz, 'Tibetische Mystik, - nach Lama Anagarika Govinda Lama Anagarika Govinda' [http://www.komyoji.at/content/lamagovinda.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408085900/http://www.komyoji.at/content/lamagovinda.htm |date=8 April 2019 }} (retrieved 6.8.2011)</ref><br />
<br />
==Death==<br />
[[File:Li Gotami, Lama Govinda, Nyanaponika.jpg|thumb|Li Gotami, Govinda, and [[Nyanaponika Thera]] in the late 1960s or early 1970s. Probably taken in Germany or Switzerland.]] <br />
In the early 1970s, Li Gotami and Govinda were invited by American Buddhist scholars to live in the United States. The couple initially lived in [[Sausalito, California]] and later settled in [[Mill Valley, California|Mill Valley]] in the [[San Francisco Bay Area]] for health reasons.<ref name="Mumbai Mirror1"/><ref name="Donald S. Lopez, p.61"/> Li Gotami had Parkinson's disease, and Govinda suffered several strokes from 1975 onwards.<ref name="Hecker, 1990, p.87-88">Hecker, 1990, p.87-88</ref> The couple were cared for by [[Alan Watts]] and Elsa Gidlow's Society for Comparative Philosophy, and [[Suzuki Roshi]]'s [[San Francisco Zen Center|San Francisco Zen Centre]].<ref name="Donald S. Lopez, p.61"/> During an evening discussion on 14 January 1985, Govinda suddenly felt a sharp pain in his neck that traveled downwards. He lay down on his right side and died laughing.<ref name="Hecker, 1990, p.87-88"/> Li Gotami lived with her husband in Mill Valley until his death.<ref name="Birgit Zotz 2010"/> A few months after her husband's death, Li Gotami returned to India to live with her family.<ref name = "Richard Power"/> She died in [[Pune]], Maharashtra on 18 August 1988.<ref name="Mumbai Mirror1"/><br />
<br />
Many of her artistic works and fresco tracings from Tibet are held in the collection of the [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya]] in Mumbai. On 2 February 2008, the museum opened an exhibition called "Tibet through the eyes of Li Gotami". The exhibition featured a selection of her photographs, sketches, and fresco tracings.<ref>{{cite web|title=Newsletter from Mumbai|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Newsletter+from+Mumbai.-a0182035432|website=The Free Library|accessdate=18 December 2016|archive-date=12 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210312011956/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Newsletter+from+Mumbai.-a0182035432|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Works ==<br />
* ''Tibet in Pictures.'' Berkeley 1979, Vol. 1 {{ISBN|0913546577}}, Vol. 2 {{ISBN|0913546585}}<br />
* ''Tibetan Fantasies: Paintings, Poems, and Music.'' Emeryville, Cailf. 1976, {{ISBN|0913546488}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* {{DNB-Portal|123662885}}<br />
* [http://www.lama-govinda.de Lama und Li Gotami Govinda Stiftung]<br />
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{{authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Govinda, Li Gotami}}<br />
[[Category:1906 births]]<br />
[[Category:1988 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Artists from Mumbai]]<br />
[[Category:Parsi people from Mumbai]]<br />
[[Category:Converts to Buddhism]]<br />
[[Category:Converts to Buddhism from Zoroastrianism]]<br />
[[Category:Indian Buddhists]]<br />
[[Category:Women writers from Maharashtra]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian women composers]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian painters]]<br />
[[Category:Writers from Mumbai]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian composers]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian photographers]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian women writers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian travel writers]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian non-fiction writers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian art writers]]<br />
[[Category:Women artists from Maharashtra]]<br />
[[Category:Photographers from Maharashtra]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian women musicians]]<br />
[[Category:Painters from Maharashtra]]<br />
[[Category:Buddhist artists]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century women composers]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian women photographers]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian women painters]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arignar_Anna_Zoological_Park&diff=487409Arignar Anna Zoological Park2026-02-04T20:47:36Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: put up a stub.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Zoo in Chennai, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox zoo<br />
|name = Arignar Anna Zoological Park <br /> Vandalur Zoo<br />
|logo =<br />
|logo_width =<br />
|logo_caption =<br />
|image = Arignar Anna Zoological park 27.jpg<br />
|image_width = <br />
|image_caption = <br />
|date_opened = {{start date and age|1855}} (as ''Madras Zoo'')<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cza.nic.in/history.html|title=History of Zoos|work=[[Central Zoo Authority]]|access-date=8 October 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716100511/http://www.cza.nic.in/history.html|archive-date=16 July 2011}}</ref><br />
<br /> {{start date and age|1985}} (in current location)<br />
|date_closed =<br />
|location = [[Vandalur]], [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]<br />
|area = {{cvt|602|ha}}<br />
|coordinates = {{Coord|12.87917|80.08167|type:landmark_region:IN-TN|display=inline,title}}<br />
|num_animals = 2,389 (2022)<br />
|num_species = 178 (2022)<br />
|largest_tank_vol =<br />
|total_tank_vol =<br />
|annual_visitors = 2.05 million (2018–19)<br />
|members = [[Central Zoo Authority]] <br/> [[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums]]<br />
|exhibits = <br />
|website = {{URL|www.aazp.in}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Arignar Anna Zoological Park''' also known as the '''Vandalur Zoo''', is a [[zoological garden]] in [[Chennai]], India. It is located at [[Vandalur]] in the south western part of the city, about {{cvt|32|km}} from the city center. It is spread over an area of {{cvt|602|ha}} and is amongst the largest zoos in South Asia. The park is open for public viewing.<br />
<br />
It was established by [[Edward Balfour]] in 1855 as ''Madras Zoo'' in the [[Government Museum, Chennai|Madras Government Museum]] premises and was amongst the earliest zoos in the country. As the zoo expanded, it was shifted to [[People's Park, Chennai|People's Park]] in [[Park Town, Chennai|Park Town]] in 1863. For the want of space for expansion, the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]] intended to move the zoo to the Vandalur reserve forest in 1979. The zoo was opened to public on 24 July 1985, and is named after earlier [[Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu|chief minister]] [[C.N.Annadurai|Annadurai]].<br />
<br />
It is affiliated with the [[Central Zoo Authority of India]], and is managed by the Tamil Nadu Zoo Authority. The park exhibits various animals that are segregated based on the [[taxonomic classification]]. The animals are usually displayed in open enclosures with concrete walls and [[moats]] separating them from viewing areas. {{As of|2022}}, the park housed 2,389 animals across 178 species. The park has a specialised display area for [[nocturnal]] animals, a [[serpentarium]], an [[aquarium]], an [[amphibian]] house, a pre-historic park, a [[butterfly]] park, a [[primate]] house, and a walk-through [[aviary]]. There is a wildlife [[safari]] which operates within the park.<br />
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The park run its own [[veterinary hospital]], which is involved in disease screening, treatment and [[vaccination]]. The zoo runs various educational and outreach programmes. It also engages in research activities, aimed at conservation and understanding animal behaviour. The zoo serves as a captive breeding center and a coordinating zoo for the breeding programmes for endangered species as per the National Zoo Policy enacted by the government. There is a rescue and rehabilitation centre spread over an area of {{cvt|92|ha}} which houses abandoned and rescued animals.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
[[File:Madras_museum_theatre_in_October_2007.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Government Museum, Chennai|Government Museum]]]]<br />
<br />
[[Edward Balfour]] established the [[Government Museum, Chennai|Madras Government Museum]] in 1851. He established a menagerie in the natural history section of the museum with a live [[leopard]] and [[tiger]].{{sfn|Kisling|2022|p=272}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Narasiah|first=K.R.A.|title=Madras: Tracing the Growth of the City Since 1639|publisher=Palaniappa Brothers|year=2016|isbn=978-8-18379-687-3|page=210}}</ref> As the number of visitors to the museum increased during the live exhibition, Balfour started a small zoological park in the museum premises in 1855. He persuaded then [[Nawab of the Carnatic]] to donate his entire animal collection to the museum.{{sfn|Kisling|2022|p=272}}<ref name="MM">{{cite journal|title=Museum, Library and Theatre|journal=Madras Musings|volume=XX|issue=3|date=16–31 May 2010|url=http://madrasmusings.com/Vol%2020%20No%203/museum-library-and-theatre.html|access-date=1 July 2012|archive-date=9 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121209133750/http://madrasmusings.com/Vol%2020%20No%203/museum-library-and-theatre.html|url-status=live}}</ref> This became the Madras zoo and was one of the first zoos to be established in the country.<ref name="TNFD">{{cite web|url=http://www.forests.tn.nic.in/wildbiodiversity/zp_aazp.html|title=Arignar Anna Zoological Park|year=2007|work=[[Tamil Nadu Forest Department]]|pages=266–269|access-date=5 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721174845/http://www.forests.tn.nic.in/wildbiodiversity/zp_aazp.html|archive-date=21 July 2011|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> It housed a collection of nearly 300 species of animals and birds by the next year. As the zoo expanded, it was shifted to [[People's Park, Chennai|People's Park]] in [[Park Town, Chennai|Park Town]] in 1863.<ref name="MM"/> In 1876, the zoo was spread over an area of {{cvt|116|acre}} and was open to the public for free viewing. The zoo exhibits included an [[orangutan]], [[two-horned rhinoceros]], [[Malayan tapir]], and [[black headed gull]].{{sfn|Kisling|2022|p=272}}<br />
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[[File:AnnaZoo7.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Vandalur reserve forest]]<br />
<br />
By the late 1970s, the zoo was surrounded by the city and had limited space for expansion.{{sfn|Kisling|2022|p=273}}<ref name="MM2">{{cite journal|url=https://www.madrasmusings.com/vol-26-no-5/the-move-to-vandalur/|title=Move to Vandalur|journal=Madras Musings|volume=XXVI|issue=5|date=16–30 June 2006|access-date = 1 July 2012}}</ref> In 1973, the [[Government of Tamil Nadu]] constituted a team to plan for the relocation of the zoo to a new location within the next five years.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=2}} With the handing over of a part of the land occupied by the zoo to the [[Indian Railways]] for the expansion of [[Chennai Central]], the zoo was planned to be shifted to [[Guindy]] temporarily in 1978.<ref name="MM2"/> In 1979, the [[Tamil Nadu Forest Department]] set aside {{cvt|1100|acre}} in the [[Vandalur Reserve Forest]] on the outskirts of the city to build a new premises for the zoo.{{sfn|Kisling|2022|p=273}}<ref name="BI">{{cite news|url=http://www.behindindia.com/india-news-stories/aug-10-02/vandalur-16-08-10.html|title=Vandalur zoo gets ready to celebrate|work=Behind India|date=16 August 2010|access-date=18 July 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322084046/http://www.behindindia.com/india-news-stories/aug-10-02/vandalur-16-08-10.html|archive-date=22 March 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The state government planned for the construction of a new zoo at a cost of {{INRconvert|30|m|year=1979}}.<ref name="MM2"/><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.elephant.se/location2.php?location_id=352Madras|title=Vandalur Zoo (Arignar Anna Zoological Park) in India|encyclopedia=Elephant Encyclopedia|access-date=18 July 2011|archive-date=18 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120318113245/http://www.elephant.se/location2.php?location_id=352Madras|url-status=live}}</ref> The land consisting of shrubs and [[eucalyptus]] trees was re-planted.{{sfn|Kisling|2022|p=273}}<br />
<br />
[[File:VandalurZoo 18Aug2012 EntranceFountain.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|The entrance to the zoo after renovation in 2011]]<br />
<br />
In 1980, the state government approved the layout for the zoo and issued additional order to expand the park to by {{cvt|38.74|acre}}.<ref name="MM2"/>{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=2}} In 1981, designs were made for the animal enclosures, with the first enclosures completed in 1982. The first animals were moved to the new premises in the same year.<ref name="MM2"/> The construction of footpaths, roads, staff quarters, and a [[veterinary hospital]] were completed in 1983. In 1984, water was diverted from the [[Palar]] to augment the water supply. The zoo was opened to public on 24 July 1985, and was named after earlier [[chief minister of Tamil Nadu|chief minister]] [[C.N.Annadurai|Annadurai]].<ref name="MM2"/> The park was expanded in 2000 by {{cvt|92|ha}} to {{cvt|510|ha}} with the addition of a rescue center and school.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=4,5}} In 2011, the park underwent a major renovation costing {{INRconvert|32.5|m|year=2011}} with the expansion of animal enclosures. It also involved the addition of a new entrance, lawns, interactive displays, souvnier shop, ticketing and visitor centers.<ref name="Renovation">{{cite news|url=http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=TOICH/2011/09/12&PageLabel=5&EntityId=Ar00501&ViewMode=HTML|title=Vandalur zoo to sport a new look by month-end|author=D Madhavan|date=12 September 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=17 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120910232044/http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=TOICH/2011/09/12&PageLabel=5&EntityId=Ar00501&ViewMode=HTML|archive-date=10 September 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-04/chennai/28356821_1_white-tigers-kssvp-reddy-tiger-population|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106043616/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-04/chennai/28356821_1_white-tigers-kssvp-reddy-tiger-population|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 November 2012|title=Modern cage for white tigers in zoo|author=D Madhavan|date=4 February 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=5 February 2011}}</ref> The Otteri lake in the premises was also cleaned, and improved.<ref name="Lake">{{cite news|title=Lake path to get makeover for visitors|newspaper=[[Deccan chronicle]]|date=26 May 2012|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/cities/chennai/lake-path-get-makeover-visitors-864|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130121170416/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/cities/chennai/lake-path-get-makeover-visitors-864|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 January 2013|access-date=18 October 2012 }}</ref> {{As of|2024}}, the park spans {{cvt|602|ha}} and is amongst the largest zoos in [[South Asia]].<ref name="TNFD"/><ref name="II">{{cite web|url=https://www.incredibleindia.gov.in/en/tamil-nadu/chennai/arignar-anna-zoological-park|title=Arignar Anna Zoological Park|work=[[Government of India]]|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref><br />
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== Organisation and objectives ==<br />
The main objectives of the park are [[ex-situ]] conservation of [[endangered species]], wildlife education, and research for [[wildlife conservation]] and management.<ref name="TNFD"/> The zoo aims to maintain a viable and healthy population of animals in naturalistic enclosures while facilitating public visitation.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=8}} It is affiliated with the [[Central Zoo Authority]],<ref>{{ZooOrg|cza|zoos|access-date=10 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=List of Zoos, whose Master Plan received till 31st March, 2011|work=[[Central Zoo Authority]]|year=2011|url=http://www.cza.nic.in/Status%20of%20Master%20Plan%20Submitted%20by%20Zoos.pdf|access-date=25 November 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927231940/http://www.cza.nic.in/Status%20of%20Master%20Plan%20Submitted%20by%20Zoos.pdf|archive-date=27 September 2011}}</ref> and is a member of [[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums]].<ref>{{ZooOrg|waza|zoos|access-date=8 September 2018}}</ref><br />
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The Tamil Nadu Zoo Authority was established with the chief minister as the chairperson in 2004 for the management of the zoo.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=38}} The overall management of the zoo is headed by a director, who is assisted by deputy and assistant directors.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=5}} The director is answerable to the governing board.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=37}} The deputy director is responsible for [[infrastructure]], [[animal breeding]] and exchange, [[training]], and [[research]]. The assistant director oversees [[horticulture]], [[electricity]], [[water supply]] and [[public utilities]], visitor facilities, and upkeep of animal enclosures.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=31}} A team of five [[forest rangers]] are responsible for the maintenance and safety of various designated areas of the park. Three [[biologists]] are responsible for research and exchange, training, and record keeping.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=32}} The zoo has a team of veterinarians, and animal keepers, apart from other administrative and support staff.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=30}}<br />
<br />
== Geography ==<br />
[[File:Vandaloor national park.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Otteri lake and hillock]]<br />
<br />
The zoological park is located along the eastern side of the [[Grand Southern Trunk Road]] at [[Vandalur]] in the south-western part of the [[Chennai Metropolitan Area]], about {{cvt|32|km}} from the city center.<ref name="TNFD"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forests.tn.nic.in/Ecotourism/vandalur.html|title=Vandalur zoo|work=[[Tamil Nadu Forest Department]]|access-date=8 October 2010|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20100325014013/http://www.forests.tn.nic.in/ecotourism/vandalur.html|archive-date=25 March 2010|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> It is spread across {{cvt|602|ha}} of rocky terrain with [[alluvial soil]].<ref name="TNFD"/>{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=5}} The park has a small hillock towards the center which gently slopes in an east–west direction.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=6}} The altitude ranges between {{cvt|31 and 147|m}} with an average elevation of {{cvt|50|m}}.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=5}}<ref name="Butterfly">{{cite journal|last=Rajagopal|first=T.|author2=M. Sekar|author3=A. Manimozhi|author4=N. Baskar|author5=G. Archunan|title=Diversity and community structure of butterfly of Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Chennai, Tamil Nadu|journal=Journal of Environmental Biology|volume=32|issue=2|pages=201–207|year=2011|url=http://www.jeb.co.in/journal_issues/201103_mar11/paper_11.pdf|issn=0254-8704|pmid=21882656|access-date=23 September 2012|archive-date=1 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801100801/http://www.jeb.co.in/journal_issues/201103_mar11/paper_11.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The park experiences a [[tropical climate]] with average temperatures on {{cvt|26|C}} and high [[humidity]] due to its location close to the coast.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=6}}<ref name="Butterfly"/> The summers are hot and humid with the highest temperatures recorded in May–June with an average maximum of {{cvt|36.10|C}}. The temperatures are lowest in December with an average minimum of {{cvt|21.68|C}}. The park receives most of its rainfall from the [[northeast monsoon]] during October–November.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=6}} The average annual rainfall is about {{cvt|140|cm}}.<ref name="Butterfly"/><br />
<br />
[[File:VandalurZoo 18Aug2012 Aviary Walkway3.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|Planted vegetation]]<br />
<br />
The park is located within the Vandalur reserve forest. The original landscape consisted of sparse [[scrubland|scrub]] forests consisting of [[Carissa]], [[Gmelina]], [[Eugenia]], [[Acacia]], and [[Intsia]] with intermittent dry [[evergreen]] vegetation.<ref name="TNFD"/><ref name="Butterfly"/> The vegetation included a few [[cashew]] and [[eucalyptus]] trees. Much of the original vegetation was preserved apart from necessary deforestation for the construction of various facilities and roads. The original vegetation was augmented by newly planted dry evergreen trees. About 138 plant species have been recorded in the park.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=6}} The park experiences a [[micro climate]], different from the surrounding areas due to its dense vegetation.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=6}} The Otteri lake is situated on the north-western side within the park and acts as a roosting ground for aquatic migratory birds. The lake attracts more than 10,000 migratory birds every year. The lake consists of planted [[Barringtonia]] trees, which serve as roost for the birds.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-11-20/chennai/28213580_1_migratory-birds-grey-heron-vandalur|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025605/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-11-20/chennai/28213580_1_migratory-birds-grey-heron-vandalur|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=Zoo all tanked up for better innings<br />
|access-date=17 July 2011|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=20 November 2010}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Layout and exhibits ==<br />
[[File:VandalurZoo 18Aug2012 Walkway.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|Typical walkways with open enclosures on the sides]]<br />
<br />
The main entrance of the park is located towards the south west along the Grand Southern Trunk Road. The entire campus is enclosed by a compound wall.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=6}}<ref>{{cite news|last=Manikandan|first=K.|title=Shifting of Otteri police station from zoo premises sought|date=16 October 2007|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/10/16/stories/2007101659670400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017121752/http://hindu.com/2007/10/16/stories/2007101659670400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 October 2007|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=26 November 2011}}</ref> Close to the entrance, there is a children's park on one side and lawns on the other side. The enclosure of [[water fowl]] is located close to the children's park next to the [[primate]] section, followed by the terrestrial birds. A circular pathway takes the visitors to the interior of the park around the hillock. The enclosures for the [[carnivores]] are situated on the top of the hill with the [[herbivore]] exhibits along the slopes. Lower down the road are two smaller loop sections with one consisting of the [[bear]] enclosures and the other accommodating the walk-through [[aviary]]. The bear section leads to the [[lion]] safari at the north east corner of the zoo.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=13}}<br />
<br />
Back on the main circular road, the [[reptile]] section is situated next to the road leading to the pre-historic animal park. It is followed by the enclosures for large [[mammals]] such as [[elephants]], [[hippopotamus]], and [[rhinoceros]]. The [[nocturnal]] animal enclosure is situated further down the road, followed by enclosures for [[ostrich]], [[giraffe]], [[zebra]], and [[kangaroo]]. The circular road ends at the [[aquarium]] which leads the towards the exit. Recreational facilities for the visitors are spread across the park. The kitchen, animal quarantine and breeding facilities, veterinary hospital and stores are situated away from the visitor areas on the southern side of the park.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=13}}<br />
<br />
[[File:VandalurZoo_18Aug2012_MoatWithWater.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|A typical [[moat]]ed enclosure]]<br />
<br />
The animals are segregated and placed based on the [[taxonomic classification]] and geographic distribution except for specialized requirements such as water dwellers and nocturnal species. The enclosure dimensions and designs are customised basis the requirement of various species. The enclosures consist of various vegetation as favored by the species exhibited.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=13}} Separate feeding areas and night shelters have been constructed along the enclosures. The animal viewing areas are open with concrete walls and [[moat]]s separating them from the animal enclosures. The various animal enclosures also separated by adequate space and vegetation. Vegetation is also used to camouflage concrete structures for aesthetic appeal.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=44}} {{As of|2022}}, the park housed 2,389 animals across 178 species.<ref>{{ZooOrg|cza|animals|access-date=10 July 2011}}</ref><ref name="AR">{{cite report|url=https://aazp.in/assets/pdf/Annual%20report%202022%20(3).pdf|title=Annual Report 2022|work=Arignar Anna Zoological Park|access-date=6 December 2024|archive-date=4 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241104041329/http://aazp.in/assets/pdf/Annual%20report%202022%20(3).pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>{{rp|page=50}}<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+Animal stock<ref name="AR"/>{{rp|page=50}}<br />
|-<br />
!Class<br />
!Species<br />
!Count<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mammalia]]<br />
|align=center|45<br />
|align=center|504<br />
|-<br />
|[[Birds]]<br />
|align=center|94<br />
|align=center|1,473<br />
|-<br />
|[[Reptiles]]<br />
|align=center|39<br />
|align=center|412<br />
|-<br />
!Total<br />
!178<br />
!2,389<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{{hidden begin<br />
|title = List of animals<br />
|titlestyle = background:lightgreen;width:60%<br />
}}<br />
;Mammals<br />
* [[Asian elephant]]<br />
* [[Asiatic lion]]<br />
* [[Asian palm civet]] <br />
* [[Barasingha]]<br />
* [[Bengal tiger]]<br />
* [[Barking deer]]<br />
* [[Blackbuck]]<br />
* [[Black giant squirrel]]<br />
* [[Bonnet macaque]]<br />
* [[Chimpanzee]]<br />
* [[Chital]]<br />
* [[Dhole]]<br />
* [[Eurasian otter]]<br />
* [[Gaur]]<br />
* [[Giraffe]]<br />
* [[Grant's zebra]]<br />
* [[Gray slender loris]]<br />
* [[Golden jackal]]<br />
* [[Hanuman langur]]<br />
* [[Himalayan black bear]]<br />
* [[Hippopotamus]]<br />
* [[Indian crested porcupine]]<br />
* [[Indian fox]]<br />
* [[Indian giant flying squirrel]]<br />
* [[Indian giant squirrel]]<br />
* [[Indian grey mongoose]]<br />
* [[Indian hare]]<br />
* [[Indian hog deer]]<br />
* [[Indian leopard]]<br />
* [[Indian muntjac]]<br />
* [[Indian rhinoceros]]<br />
* [[Indian wild ass]]<br />
* [[Indian wolf]]<br />
* [[Jaguar]]<br />
* [[Jungle cat]]<br />
* [[Lion-tailed macaque]]<br />
* [[Mouse deer]]<br />
* [[Nilgai]]<br />
* [[Nilgiri langur]]<br />
* [[Red-handed tamarin]]<br />
* [[Rhesus macaque]]<br />
* [[Sambar deer]]<br />
* [[Sloth bear]]<br />
* [[Small Indian civet]]<br />
* [[Striped hyena]]<br />
* [[Tufted capuchin]]<br />
* [[Tufted gray langur]]<br />
* [[Wild boar]]<br />
* [[Yellow baboon]]<br />
<br />
;Birds<br />
* [[Adjutant stork]]<br />
* [[African grey parrot]]<br />
* [[Bar headed goose]]<br />
* [[Barn owl]]<br />
* [[Black kite]]<br />
* [[Black swan]]<br />
* [[Black-headed gull]]<br />
* [[Black-headed munia]]<br />
* [[Blossom-headed parakeet]]<br />
* [[Blue-and-yellow macaw]]<br />
* [[Blue rock pigeon]]<br />
* [[Brahminy kite]]<br />
* [[Budgerigar]]<br />
* [[Cassowary]]<br />
* [[Cattle egret]]<br />
* [[Cockatiel]]<br />
* [[Common myna]]<br />
* [[Crested serpent eagle]]<br />
* [[Demoiselle crane]]<br />
* [[Diamond dove]]<br />
* [[Dusky parrot]]<br />
* [[Eastern rosella]]<br />
* [[White stork|Eastern white stork]]<br />
* [[Eclectus parrot]]<br />
* [[Fischer's lovebird]]<br />
* [[Forest owlet]]<br />
* [[Glossy ibis]]<br />
* [[Golden pheasant]]<br />
* [[Great white pelican]]<br />
* [[Greater coucal]]<br />
* [[Greater flamingo]]<br />
* [[Green cheek conure]]<br />
* [[Grey cockatiel]]<br />
* [[Grey heron]]<br />
* [[Grey partridge]]<br />
* [[Grey pelican]]<br />
* [[Greylag goose]]<br />
* [[Harlequin macaw]]<br />
* [[Indian eagle owl]]<br />
* [[Indian peafowl]]<br />
* [[Indian vulture]]<br />
* [[Java sparrow]]<br />
* [[Jenday conure]]<br />
* [[Koel]]<br />
* [[Lady Amherst's pheasant]]<br />
* [[Lesser whistling duck]]<br />
* [[Little cormorant]]<br />
* [[Little egret]]<br />
* [[Maroon-bellied parakeet]]<br />
* [[Moluccan cockatoo]]<br />
* [[Monk parakeet]]<br />
* [[Night heron]]<br />
* [[Openbill stork]]<br />
* [[Orange-winged amazon]]<br />
* [[Oriental darter]]<br />
* [[Ostrich]]<br />
* [[Paddyfield pipit]]<br />
* [[Painted stork]]<br />
* [[Palm cockatoo]]<br />
* [[Parakeet]]<br />
* [[Peach-faced lovebird]]<br />
* [[Pearly conure]]<br />
* [[Pond heron]]<br />
* [[Rainbow lorikeet]]<br />
* [[Red jungle fowl]]<br />
* [[Red-collared dove]]<br />
* [[Red-bellied macaw]]<br />
* [[Red-vented bulbul]]<br />
* [[Red-whiskered bulbul]]<br />
* [[Rhea (bird)|Rhea]]<br />
* [[Rock dove]]<br />
* [[Rose-ringed parakeet]]<br />
* [[Rüppell's parrot]]<br />
* [[Sarus crane]]<br />
* [[Scarlet macaw]]<br />
* [[Severe macaw]]<br />
* [[Shikra]]<br />
* [[Silver pheasant]]<br />
* [[Spot-billed duck]]<br />
* [[Spotted dove]]<br />
* [[Sulphur-crested cockatoo]]<br />
* [[Sun conure]]<br />
* [[White cockatoo]]<br />
* [[White ibis]]<br />
* [[White spoonbill]]<br />
* [[White-rumped vulture]]<br />
* [[White-bellied sea eagle]]<br />
* [[White-browed bulbul]]<br />
* [[White-browed wagtail]]<br />
* [[White-eyed conure]]<br />
* [[Yellow-billed babbler]]<br />
* [[Zebra finch]]<br />
<br />
;Reptiles<br />
* [[Anaconda]]<br />
* [[Asian water monitor]]<br />
* [[Assam roofed turtle]]<br />
* [[Ball python]]<br />
* [[Beauty snake]]<br />
* [[Bengal monitor]]<br />
* [[Black pond turtle]]<br />
* [[Checkered keelback]]<br />
* [[Common bronzeback]]<br />
* [[Common krait]]<br />
* [[Dwarf crocodile]]<br />
* [[Gharial]]<br />
* [[Green iguana]]<br />
* [[Indian black turtle]]<br />
* [[Indian chameleon]]<br />
* [[Indian cobra]]<br />
* [[Indian flapshell turtle]]<br />
* [[Indian python]]<br />
* [[Indian star tortoise]]<br />
* [[Indian star tortoise]]<br />
* [[King cobra]]<br />
* [[Morelet's crocodile]]<br />
* [[Mugger crocodile]] <br />
* [[Nile crocodile]]<br />
* [[Rat snake]]<br />
* [[Red eared terrapin]]<br />
* [[Red sand boa]]<br />
* [[Reticulated python]]<br />
* [[Russell's viper]]<br />
* [[Saltwater crocodile]]<br />
* [[Sand boa]]<br />
* [[Saw scaled viper]]<br />
* [[Siamese crocodile]]<br />
* [[Spectacled caiman]]<br />
* [[Sri Lankan green vine snake]]<br />
* [[Tricarinate hill turtle]]<br />
* [[West African dwarf crocodile]]<br />
* [[Whitaker's boa]]<br />
<br />
{{hidden end}}<br />
<br />
=== Mammals ===<br />
[[File:Giraffe_-_Vandalur_Zoo.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Giraffe]] in open enclosures]]<br />
<br />
The [[ungulate]] herbivore animals are enclosed in open paddocks with suitable tree species, equipped with separate feeding areas.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=78}} Other mammals such as [[tiger]], [[lion]], [[bear]], [[leopard]], [[jaguar]], [[fox]], [[jackal]], [[hyena]], [[wild dog]], and [[wild ass]] are housed in appropriate enclosures with open yards.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=79-81}}<ref>{{cite news|last=Oppili|first=P.|title=Lions, the pride of Vandalur zoo|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=14 July 2012|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/tamil-nadu/article3636670.ece|access-date=19 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120818124503/http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/tamil-nadu/article3636670.ece|archive-date=18 August 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[elephant]]s are enclosed in large open space covering {{cvt|25|ha}}.<ref name="TNFD"/> [[Hippopotamus]] are housed in enclosures with open pools.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=50}} Other large animals such as [[rhinoceros]], [[giraffe]], and [[zebra]], are displayed in open enclosures separated by moats.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=51}} Plans for night viewing of specific animals in the park was mooted in 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-05-14/global-warming/27776050_1_climate-study-tn|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025722/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-05-14/global-warming/27776050_1_climate-study-tn|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=TN to undertake study on the impact of climate changes|access-date=17 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=14 May 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Vandalur zoo will have night safari|newspaper=India Travel Times|date=16 April 2007|url=http://www.indiatraveltimes.com/travelnews/tn2007/tnapr07/tnapr07_08.html|access-date=2 December 2011|archive-date=6 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306065817/http://www.indiatraveltimes.com/travelnews/tn2007/tnapr07/tnapr07_08.html|url-status=live}}</ref> It was planned to be implemented by 2011 at a cost of {{INRconvert|40.2|m|year=2010}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Projects & Programs|work=[[Tamil Nadu Forest Department]]|url=http://www.forests.tn.nic.in/ProjectPrograms/About_wildlife_schemes.html|access-date =2 December 2011|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110930101837/http://www.forests.tn.nic.in/ProjectPrograms/About_wildlife_schemes.html|archive-date=30 September 2011|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Night safari at Vandalur zoo|work=News Today|date=6 July 2010|url=http://www.newstodaynet.com/newsindex.php?section=7&catid=16&id=22213|access-date=2 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209211121/http://newstodaynet.com/newsindex.php?section=7&catid=16&id=22213|archive-date=9 December 2011 }}</ref> The zoo authorities completed the construction of appropriate enclosures for these animals and planted saplings around the night safari area. After multiple delays, the plan was scrapped by the state government in 2011.<ref>{{cite news|last=Oppili|first=P.|title=Night safari project at centre near Vandalur zoo deferred|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=21 September 2011|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Chennai/article2472579.ece|access-date=4 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Satyanarayana|first=R|title=Vandalur night safari plan scrapped|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=6 December 2011|url=http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=TOICH/2011/12/07&PageLabel=7&EntityId=Ar00700&ViewMode=HTML|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304061739/http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=TOICH/2011/12/07&PageLabel=7&EntityId=Ar00700&ViewMode=HTML|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 March 2016|access-date=7 December 2011}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Lion in the Zoo (14578995443).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Asiatic lion]] in safari park]]<br />
<br />
As part of the park's development plan, [[safari]] parks were established for lion and deer inside the park.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=47-48}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/lion-and-deer-safari-reopened-at-arignar-anna-zoological-park-after-three-years/article67372707.ece|title=Lion and deer safari resumes at Arignar Anna Zoological Park after three-year closures|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=3 October 2023|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=9 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009194549/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/lion-and-deer-safari-reopened-at-arignar-anna-zoological-park-after-three-years/article67372707.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> The lion safari is spread over an area of {{cvt|20|ha}} of scrub forests.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/vandalur-zoo-to-reopen-lion-safari-for-visitors-soon/articleshow/100835659.cms|title=Lion safari to reopen|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=8 June 2023|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> The entire safari area consists of {{cvt|147|acre}}, which encloses a deer park consisting of species such as [[sambar deer]], and [[spotted deer]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dtnext.in/news/tamilnadu/lion-and-deer-safari-launched-in-vandalur-zoo-739552|title=Lion and deer safari launched in Vandalur Zoo|work=[[DT next]]|date=2 October 2023|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> The park authorities planned to create a safari for animals such as [[gaur]] and [[bear]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/131225/news-current-affairs/article/vandalur-zoo%E2%80%99s-master-plan-has-gaur-bear-safaris|title=Vandalur zoo's master plan has gaur, bear safaris|newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=25 December 2013|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> The proposed safari was to be created on the {{cvt|18|ha}} of the hilly terrain within lion safari area.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/indian-gaur-safari-at-vandalur-zoo-on-the-anvil/article2116236.ece|title=Indian Gaur safari at Vandalur zoo on the anvil|first=P.|last=Oppili|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 June 2011|access-date=10 July 2011}}</ref> The plans were not implemented due to the low population of these species in the zoo.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=48}}<br />
<br />
The primate house houses various [[primates]] such as [[Nilgiri langur]], [[lion-tailed macaque]], [[chimpanzee]], [[savanna baboon]], [[tufted capuchin]], and [[red-handed tamarin]].<ref name="AR"/>{{rp|page=50}}<ref name="II"/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/031118/chennai-two-new-animal-species-in-vandalur-zoo.html|title=Two new animal species in Vandalur zoo|date=3 November 2018|access-date=1 June 2024|newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}</ref> It consists of artificial perches, and swings to support the primates.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=44}} The [[nocturnality|nocturnal animals]] section houses seven species including [[slender loris]], [[porcupine]], [[civet]], and [[owl]]s.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=51}}<ref name="II"/><ref name="AN"/> It is modeled based on a cave ecosystem with glass enclosures, and was renovated in 2024 with better ventilation and light control.<ref name="AN"/> The pre-historic animal park consists of life size models of [[dinosaurs]].<ref name="TNFD"/><br />
<br />
=== Birds ===<br />
[[File:VandalurZoo 18Aug2012 WalkthroughAviary Entrance.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|Walk-through aviary]]<br />
<br />
Water fowl such as [[black swan]] is enclosed in open water pools.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=44}} The bird section is sub divided into two based on geography: Indian and exotic. The Indian section consists of [[galliformes]] such as [[peafowl]], [[jungle fowl]], [[spurfowl]], [[partridge]], and [[psittaciformes]] such as [[parakeet]]. Typical bird enclosures have about {{cvt|1|m}} soil depth for vegetation with appropriate resting and nesting areas.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=77}} The walk-through aviary was renovated and opened in 2010.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kannan|first=Arun|title=A walkthrough aviary at Chennai zoo|newspaper=NewKerala.com|date=6 March 2010|url=http://www.newkerala.com/news/fullnews-65293.html|access-date=2 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100510021815/http://www.newkerala.com/news/fullnews-65293.html|archive-date=10 May 2010}}</ref> The free flight aviary covers an area of {{cvt|1.5|acre}} and was built at a cost of {{INRconvert|2|m|year=2010}}.<ref name="worldzootoday">{{cite web|url=http://www.worldzootoday.com/2010/02/21/walkthrough-aviary-at-vandalur-zoo|title=Walkthrough aviary at Vandalur zoo|work=World Zoo Today|date=21 February 2010|access-date=8 October 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718115150/http://www.worldzootoday|archive-date=18 July 2011}}</ref><ref name="Bird">{{cite news|last=Oppili|first=P.|title=Vandalur Zoo builds fancy bird house with a walk-through|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=29 September 2014|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/vandalur-zoo-builds-fancy-bird-house-with-a-walkthrough/article6455240.ece|access-date=2 October 2014}}</ref> The enclosure is covered by {{cvt|15|m}} tall large steel nets which give access to sunlight. It consists of lawns, fruit bearing trees, mud baths, and fountains. Trees with holes and heaps of stones have been provided for nesting.<ref name="Bird"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldzootoday.com/2010/01/16/now-an-aviary-in-vandalur-zoo|title=Now, an aviary in Vandalur Zoo|work=World Zoo Today|date=21 February 2010|access-date=8 October 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718115157/http://www.worldzootoday.com/2010/01/16/now-an-aviary-in-vandalur-zoo/|archive-date=18 July 2011 }}</ref> The aviary is amongst the biggest such facility in a zoo in the country.<ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=T.|title=Seven species of birds added to zoo|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=20 October 2018|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/seven-species-of-birds-added-to-zoo/article25266755.ece|access-date=20 October 2018|archive-date=18 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241218180452/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/seven-species-of-birds-added-to-zoo/article25266755.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> Aquatic birds such as [[ducks]], [[crane (bird)|cranes]], [[storks]], [[pelicans]], [[ibis]], [[herons]], and [[hornbills]] are enclosed in large covered aviaries with flowing water and sparse vegetation cover.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=77}}<ref name="II"/> In 2024, the wetland birds enclosure was upgraded with a chain-link mesh enclosing a {{cvt|18|m}} high dome, with wooden platforms for birds.<ref name="AN">{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/nocturnal-animal-house-and-wetland-birds-enclosure-at-vandalur-zoo-get-facelift/article67964405.ece|title=Nocturnal animal house and wetland birds enclosure at Vandalur zoo get facelift|date=18 March 2024|access-date=1 June 2024|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=12 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240412194219/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/nocturnal-animal-house-and-wetland-birds-enclosure-at-vandalur-zoo-get-facelift/article67964405.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> The exotic enclosure consists of [[pheasants]], [[cockatoos]], [[macaws]], and [[rosella]]s. [[Flightless birds]] such as [[emu]], [[cassowary]], and [[ostrich]] are housed in open enclosures.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=77}}<br />
<br />
=== Reptiles ===<br />
[[File:Crocodile.mouth.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|A crocodile at the zoo]]<br />
<br />
The reptile house consists of reptiles such as [[tortoises]], [[turtles]], [[monitor lizards]], [[iguanas]], and separate facilities for [[crocodiles]], and [[snakes]].{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=49-50}} The [[serpentarium]] built at a cost of {{INRconvert|0.4|m}} in 2012 exhibits snakes in enclosures with fiber glass facades.<ref name="II"/><ref>{{cite news|title=Serpentarium opened in Vandalur|newspaper=Tamil Murasu|language=ta|date=27 May 2012|url=http://www.tamilmurasu.org/Inner_Tamil_News.asp?Nid=27165|access-date=15 November 2012|archive-date=2 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150802154104/http://www.tamilmurasu.org/Inner_Tamil_News.asp?Nid=27165|url-status=live}}</ref> The serpentarium exhibits various poisonous and non-poisonous snakes such as [[cobra]], [[viper]], [[sand boa]], [[Pythonidae|python]], and [[anaconda]].<ref name="AR"/>{{rp|page=50–55}}<ref name="Madhavan">{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=Missing Burmese python found|date=7 December 2011|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-07/chennai/30485642_1_burmese-python-serpentarium-enclosure|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103095859/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-07/chennai/30485642_1_burmese-python-serpentarium-enclosure|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=31 August 2012}}</ref> The crocodile enclosure houses various species in enclosures with pools.<br />
{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=50}} These include [[gharial]], [[mugger crocodile]], [[saltwater crocodile]], and [[spectacled caiman]].<ref name="AR"/>{{rp|page=50–55}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Zoos in Gharial Conservation|publisher=Gharial Conservation Alliance|url=http://www.gharialconservation.org/conservation/current-conservation/zoos/|access-date=3 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326194520/http://www.gharialconservation.org/conservation/current-conservation/zoos/|archive-date=26 March 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Choudhury|first=B. C.|title=Ex-Situ conservation - 1, Crocodile Breeding in Indian Zoos|url=http://wiienvis.nic.in/crocodile/zoo.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410044344/http://wiienvis.nic.in/crocodile/zoo.htm|archive-date=10 April 2009 }}</ref> Some of the animals have been donated by the [[Madras Crocodile Bank]].{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=50}}<br />
<br />
=== Amphibians ===<br />
The park was the first in the country to have a captive display of amphibians.<ref name="II"/><ref name="Amphi">{{cite journal|last=Molur|first=Sanjay|title=Techniques in Keeping and Care of Amphibians in Captivity: Report on a Workshop|journal=Zoos' Print Journal|volume=15|issue=12|date=December 2000|url=http://www.zooreach.org/Networks/Amphibian/Captivity%20Amphibian%202000.pdf|access-date=2 December 2011|archive-date=30 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930101218/http://www.zooreach.org/Networks/Amphibian/Captivity%20Amphibian%202000.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The amphibian house consists of eight glass fronted tanks and exhibits various species of [[frogs]] and [[toads]] such as [[Indian tree frog]], [[Duttaphrynus melanostictus|common Indian toad]], [[Indian bullfrog]], [[Indian cricket frog]], and [[Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis|Indian pond frog]].{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=82}}<ref name="II"/><br />
<br />
=== Fishes and invertebrates ===<br />
[[File:Aquarium at the zoo.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Aquarium]]<br />
<br />
The aquarium is modeled in the shape of an open mouthed [[shark]].{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=13}} It exhibits 31 species of [[fresh water fish]]es and aquatic creatures.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=51}}<ref name="II"/> The Otteri lake within the premises of the park also hosts various fishes.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=86}}<br />
<br />
The butterfly park and insect museum spans {{cvt|2.7|ha}} along the western side near the Otteri lake, and was constructed at a cost of {{INRconvert|50|m|year=2013}}.<ref>{{cite news|last=Shankar|first=T.S.|title=Butterfly park to be established near Chennai soon|date=27 January 2007|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/01/27/stories/2007012716850700.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070210160052/http://www.hindu.com/2007/01/27/stories/2007012716850700.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 February 2007|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=2 December 2011}}</ref><ref name="BP">{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/vandalur-zoo-to-enthral-visitors-with-butterfly-park/article4864187.ece|title=Vandalur zoo to enthral visitors with butterfly park|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=30 June 2013|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=17 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241217033340/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/vandalur-zoo-to-enthral-visitors-with-butterfly-park/article4864187.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="SA">{{cite web|url=https://aazp.in/special-attractions/|title=Special attractions|work=Arignar Anna Zoological Park|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> It was designed by the [[Tamil Nadu Agricultural University]].<ref>{{cite news|title=TNAU setting up butterfly park at Vandalur|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=6 March 2008|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/article1618277.ece|access-date=2 December 2011|archive-date=9 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009172545/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-economy/article1618277.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Butterfly park at Vandalur zoo|work=Chennai Online|date=4 March 2008|url=http://news.chennaionline.com/newsitem.aspx?NEWSID=e0fe3050-b428-4fd6-ac3c-4f405d078a91&CATEGORYNAME=CHN|access-date=2 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005155637/http://news.chennaionline.com/newsitem.aspx?NEWSID=e0fe3050-b428-4fd6-ac3c-4f405d078a91&CATEGORYNAME=CHN|archive-date=5 October 2011 }}</ref> It is shaped in the form of a [[caterpillar]] stretching {{cvt|60|m}} in length and {{cvt|26|m}} in width, enclosing various species of plants to support the insects. It has a {{cvt|6|m}} high roof made of transparent poly-carbonate sheets for natural lighting, and is enclosed in a stainless steel mess.<ref name="SA"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-08-08/chennai/28191500_1_butterfly-park-butterfly-garden-host-plants|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025730/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-08-08/chennai/28191500_1_butterfly-park-butterfly-garden-host-plants|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=Now, a butterfly park at|access-date=17 July 2011|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=8 August 2009}}</ref> The park displays more than 80 species of butterflies including [[common Mormon]], [[Atrophaneura hector|crimson rose]], [[Catopsilia pyranthe|mottled emigrant]], [[Tirumala limniace|blue tiger]], [[Melanitis leda|evening brown]] and [[Papilio demoleus|lime butterfly]].<ref name="BP"/><ref name="SA"/> Apart from the exhibit, about 45 species of free ranging butterflies have been recorded in the park.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=84}}<br />
<br />
== Captive breeding ==<br />
[[File:Black_Tiger_2010_1.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|A [[White tiger]] with its cubs.]]<br />
<br />
The [[Central Zoo Authority]] has designated the park as a captive breeding center for various species, and a coordinating zoo for the breeding programmes for [[endangered species]] as per the National Zoo Policy enacted by the government.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=4}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Endangered Species Identified for Breeding and Their Species Coordinator|publisher=Central Zoo Authority of India|url=http://www.cza.nic.in/species.html|access-date=2 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080930232403/http://www.cza.nic.in/species.html|archive-date=30 September 2008 }}</ref> The park also undertakes [[cross-breeding]] as part of its [[Conservation biology|conservation]] efforts.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-10-07/chennai/28233677_1_white-tiger-white-tigress-tiger-conservation|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025657/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-10-07/chennai/28233677_1_white-tiger-white-tigress-tiger-conservation|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=White tigress to mate with brown tiger in Vandalur zoo|access-date=17 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=7 October 2010}}</ref> Selected individuals born in captivity are released in the wild after adequate training.<ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=15 zoo pythons released in Western Ghats|date=29 March 2012|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-29/chennai/31253766_1_vandalur-zoo-kssvp-reddy-arignar-anna-zoological-park|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103065938/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-29/chennai/31253766_1_vandalur-zoo-kssvp-reddy-arignar-anna-zoological-park|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=31 August 2012}}</ref> Separate breeding enclosures are maintained for select species with appropriate food and habitat to promote breeding.<ref>{{cite news|title=Vandalur Zoo getting ready for Lion-Tail Macaques|newspaper=One India News|publisher=Oneindia|date=14 March 2007|url=http://news.oneindia.in/2007/03/14/vandalur-zoo-getting-ready-for-lion-tail-macaques-1173854783.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013193445/http://news.oneindia.in/2007/03/14/vandalur-zoo-getting-ready-for-lion-tail-macaques-1173854783.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 October 2012|access-date=4 December 2011}}</ref> The park has successfully bred various species including [[ostrich]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-12/chennai/28683543_1_vandalur-zoo-hatching-ostrich-eggs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025611/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-12/chennai/28683543_1_vandalur-zoo-hatching-ostrich-eggs|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=Vandalur zoo gets 6 ostrich chicks by natural hatching|access-date=17 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=12 March 2011}}</ref> [[Asian palm civet]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-27/chennai/29708633_1_vandalur-zoo-arignar-anna-zoological-park-civets|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110701102746/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-27/chennai/29708633_1_vandalur-zoo-arignar-anna-zoological-park-civets|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 July 2011|title=Asian palm civet has four cubs at Vandalur zoo|access-date=17 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=27 June 2011}}</ref> [[gaur]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-16/chennai/29425225_1_bison-kssvp-reddy-vandalur|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025648/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-16/chennai/29425225_1_bison-kssvp-reddy-vandalur|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=Bison gives birth at Vandalur zoo|access-date=17 July 2011|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=16 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Madhavan|first1=T|title=Indian Gaur gives birth to calf at Vandalur zoo|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/indian-gaur-gives-birth-to-calf-at-vandalur-zoo/article7694146.ece|access-date=12 September 2023|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=27 September 2015}}</ref> [[dhole]],<ref>{{cite news|date=27 June 2022|title=Dhole puppies, new attraction at Vandalur zoo|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/dhole-puppies-new-attraction-at-vandalur-zoo/article65570385.ece|access-date=3 October 2022|archive-date=3 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003152458/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/dhole-puppies-new-attraction-at-vandalur-zoo/article65570385.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Menon|first=Priya M.|title=Adopt an animal, save endangered species|date=23 November 2008|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-11-23/special-report/27903506_1_mysore-zoo-director-of-vandalur-zoo-cza/2|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120913042707/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-11-23/special-report/27903506_1_mysore-zoo-director-of-vandalur-zoo-cza/2|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=26 November 2011}}</ref> [[Asiatic lion]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Lioness delivers three cubs in Chennai Zoo|newspaper=The Sunday Indian|date=2 July 2011|url=http://www.thesundayindian.com/en/story/lioness-delivers-three-cubs-in-chennai-zoo/11/17635/|access-date=26 November 2011|archive-date=30 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930081431/http://www.thesundayindian.com/en/story/lioness-delivers-three-cubs-in-chennai-zoo/11/17635/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Nilgiri langur]],<ref>{{cite web|title=National Studbook of Nilgiri Langur (Trachypithecus johnii)|url=http://www2.wii.gov.in/studbook/nilgiri_langur_studbook.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330204406/http://www2.wii.gov.in/studbook/nilgiri_langur_studbook.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-03-30 }}</ref> [[lion-tailed macaque]],<ref>{{cite web|editor= Ajith Kumar|editor2=Sanjay Molur|editor3=Sally Walker|title=Lion-tailed Macaque ''Macaca silenus''|work=Population and Habitat Viability Assessment Workshop|date=February 1995|url=http://www.zooreach.org/downloads/ZOO_CAMP_PHVA_reports/1993_LTM_PHVA_Report.pdf|access-date=26 November 2011}}</ref> [[hippopotamus]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=A first in 18 years: Zoo hippo gives birth|date=20 July 2011|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-07-20/flora-fauna/29794284_1_hippo-r-thirumurugan-director-and-chief-conservator|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025621/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-07-20/flora-fauna/29794284_1_hippo-r-thirumurugan-director-and-chief-conservator|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title= Second hippopotamus calf born at Vandalur zoo|work= Mammalz|url= http://www.mammalz.com/view/128294/Second_hippopotamus_calf_born_at_Vandalur_zoo|access-date= 2 December 2011|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120330204406/http://www.mammalz.com/view/128294/Second_hippopotamus_calf_born_at_Vandalur_zoo|archive-date= 30 March 2012|url-status= dead}}</ref> [[Bengal tiger]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-24/chennai/29182099_1_white-tigress-tigers-at-vandalur-zoo-kssvp-reddy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025628/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-24/chennai/29182099_1_white-tigress-tigers-at-vandalur-zoo-kssvp-reddy|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=Everybody loves to adopt white tigers in Vandalur|access-date=17 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=24 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=White tigress gives birth to 3 cubs in Vandalur zoo|location=Chennai|date=25 March 2009|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-03-25/flora-fauna/28041942_1_white-tigers-white-tigress-nandan-kanan-zoo|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025640/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-03-25/flora-fauna/28041942_1_white-tigers-white-tigress-nandan-kanan-zoo|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2 December 2011}}</ref> and [[leopard]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Panther cubs at Vandalur Zoo|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/Storyold/4192/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126074927/http://www.indianexpress.com/Storyold/4192/|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 January 2013}}</ref> The park is also involved in breeding various species of reptiles such as [[crocodiles]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=40 croccodiles hatch at Vandalur zoo|date=19 July 2012|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-19/chennai/32745969_1_vandalur-zoo-kssvp-reddy-arignar-anna-zoological-park|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103080410/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-19/chennai/32745969_1_vandalur-zoo-kssvp-reddy-arignar-anna-zoological-park|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=19 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=26 fresh water crocodiles hatched at Vandalur zoo|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|publisher=World Zoo Today|date=16 June 2009|url=http://www.worldzootoday.com/2009/06/16/26-fresh-water-crocodiles-hatched-at-vandalur-zoo/|access-date=3 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817001744/http://www.worldzootoday.com/2009/06/16/26-fresh-water-crocodiles-hatched-at-vandalur-zoo/|archive-date=17 August 2011}}</ref> and [[pythons]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Doraisamy|first=Vani|title=Chennai may become a python-breeding hub|location=Chennai|date=22 April 2005|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/04/22/stories/2005042216000800.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050428043805/http://www.hindu.com/2005/04/22/stories/2005042216000800.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 April 2005|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=4 December 2011}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Animal care ==<br />
[[File:Gorilla, Vandalur zoo.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|A feeding [[gorilla]]]]<br />
<br />
The animal enclosures are designed as per the requirements of the animals housed. It includes isolated withdrawal areas, and artificial elements such as nests, perches, swings amongst others.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=14}} The vegetation in the enclosures are maintained appropriately and the animal housing facilities are sanitised periodically with [[disinfectants]] to reduce chances of infections.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=14}} The zoo maintains a [[veterinary hospital]] at the south eastern corner of the premises, staffed by three veterinarians.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=15}} The hospital has a [[operation theater|surgical facility]], [[Medical diagnosis|diagnostic laboratory]], [[radiology]] unit, and a [[physiotherapy]] ward. There are in-patient recovery and isolation wards attached to the hospital.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=16}} The hospital stocks various medicines for animal care, and other essentials such as [[anti venom]] for human emergencies.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=96}} The hospital is also involved in screening of animals, and zookeepers for diseases, and [[vaccination]].{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=88}} In July 2013, an ambulance facility was established for transporting animals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ambulance for animals in distress at Vandalur zoo|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=22 September 2013|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Ambulance-for-animals-in-distress-at-Vandalur-zoo/articleshow/22874947.cms|access-date=22 September 2013|archive-date=28 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160928005657/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Ambulance-for-animals-in-distress-at-Vandalur-zoo/articleshow/22874947.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The zoo personnel are subject to various training activities to take care of animal handling.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=33-35}} In March 2013, a blood transfusion performed on a 10-year-old hyena marked the first successful blood transfusion done for a wild species in an Indian zoo.<ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan |first=D. |title=Rare blood transfusion hauls hyena from jaws of death at zoo |newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=23 March 2013 |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/rare-blood-transfusion-hauls-hyena-from-jaws-of-death-at-zoo/article4539087.ece|access-date=24 March 2013}}</ref><br />
<br />
Animals are provided food as prescribed by the [[Indian Veterinary Research Institute]].{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=87}} They are fed in specifically designed feeding areas, and kraals.<ref>{{cite news|last=Oppili|first=P.|title='Kraals' for herbivores at Vandalur zoo|date=23 May 2003|url=http://hindu.com/2003/05/23/stories/2003052307710300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004163726/http://hindu.com/2003/05/23/stories/2003052307710300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 October 2012|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=4 December 2011}}</ref> Animals such as bears are provided with hidden feed points to encourage exploration and foraging.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=52}} The feeding is done with limited human contact, and the areas are often hidden from visitor areas.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=73}}{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=76}} The stores and kitchen are located away from the visitor areas.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=92}} As incidents of infighting amongst animals have been reported, isolation facilities are provided for certain species in case of infighting or diseases.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=91}}<ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=Bison lock horns in Vandalur zoo, older one gored to death|location=Chennai|date=3 August 2011|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-08-03/chennai/29846177_1_bison-vandalur-zoo-sources|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025753/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-08-03/chennai/29846177_1_bison-vandalur-zoo-sources|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=3 December 2011}}</ref> As the zoo experiences higher temperatures during summer, the zoo maintains elaborate vegetation to provide relief to the animals.<ref>{{cite news|last=Sreevatsan|first=Ajai|author2=Deepa H. Ramakrishnan|title=How to regain green cover|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=3 October 2011|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Chennai/article2508189.ece|access-date=8 October 2011|archive-date=5 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005123559/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Chennai/article2508189.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="AVisitToZoo">{{cite news|last=Manikandan|first=K.|title=A visit to Vandalur Zoo|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=23 May 2012|url=http://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/leisure/article3442070.ece|access-date=19 August 2012|archive-date=20 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220084630/http://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/leisure/article3442070.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> The animal enclosures are provided with thatched roofs covered with leaves and wet bags, river sand on the floor, and water sprinklers for cooling.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=16}}<ref name="PowerCutsTakeAToll"/> Food such as [[porridge]], [[buttermilk]], [[succulent plants]], and [[fruits]] are served to the animals.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=18}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Zoo staff gear up to keep animals cool on dog days|newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=5 May 2011|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/cities/chennai/zoo-staff-gear-keep-animals-cool-dog-days-456|access-date=4 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011205709/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/cities/chennai/zoo-staff-gear-keep-animals-cool-dog-days-456|archive-date=11 October 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Manikandan|first=K.|title=Showers, special diet to keep animals cool|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=1 April 2012|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/article3266774.ece|access-date=23 September 2012}}</ref> <br />
Certain enclosures are air conditioned for temperature regulation.<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian Zoo Swelters in Heat Wave|publisher= dalje.com|date=24 April 2009|url=http://dalje.com/en-lifestyle/video--indian-zoo-swelters-in-heat-wave/253473|access-date= 4 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020070722/http://dalje.com/en-lifestyle/video--indian-zoo-swelters-in-heat-wave/253473|archive-date= 20 October 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> During rainy, and winter seasons, appropriate shelters and bedding are provided for shielding from rain and cold.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=19}}<br />
<br />
[[File:Elephants Playing.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Rescued [[Indian elephants]]]]<br />
;Rescue and rehabilitation centre<br />
The zoo has a rescue and rehabilitation centre spread over an area of {{cvt|92|ha}}.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=5}}<ref name="II"/> With the banning of training and exhibition of certain species of animals by the Government of India in 1998, the facility was established in 2001 to house the animals recovered from [[circuses]], and their previous owners.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=18}}<ref>{{cite web|title =Rescue and Rehabilitation|publisher=[[Central Zoo Authority]]|date =n.d.|url=http://www.cza.nic.in/rescue.html|access-date =4 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206041235/http://www.cza.nic.in/rescue.html|archive-date=6 February 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Oppili|first=P.|title=3 chimpanzees rescued from circus, shifted to Vandalur zoo|date=10 January 2003|url=http://hindu.com/thehindu/2003/01/10/stories/2003011008930300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004163742/http://hindu.com/thehindu/2003/01/10/stories/2003011008930300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 October 2012|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=4 December 2011}}</ref> The park is one of the five zoos in the country funded for the rehabilitation of these animals.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-09-02/chennai/28083726_1_lioness-lion-safari-rescue-and-rehabilitation-centre|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025801/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-09-02/chennai/28083726_1_lioness-lion-safari-rescue-and-rehabilitation-centre|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=16-year-old lioness dead|access-date=17 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=2 September 2009}}</ref> The center is also involved in the rehabilitation of abandoned animals,<ref>{{cite news|title=Abandoned elephant calf finds home in Vandalur zoo|work=Chennai Diary|date=15 December 2010|url=http://thechennaidiary.com/panel/news/15-12-10-02-Abandoned.html|access-date=4 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315074137/http://thechennaidiary.com/panel/news/15-12-10-02-Abandoned.html|archive-date=15 March 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=Pachyderm was separated from its herd: officials|location=Chennai|date=2 December 2011|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-02/chennai/30466822_1_elephant-calf-uvapalayam-elephant-calves|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103072617/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-02/chennai/30466822_1_elephant-calf-uvapalayam-elephant-calves|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=31 August 2012}}</ref> and animals recovered from wildlife smugglers.<ref>{{cite news|last=Philip|first=Christin Mathew|title=Chennai hub of wildlife racket|date=15 March 2012|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-15/chennai/31196396_1_tortoises-smugglers-wccb|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103090817/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-15/chennai/31196396_1_tortoises-smugglers-wccb|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=31 August 2012}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Education and research ==<br />
[[File:Arignar Anna Zoological park 12.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Information board]]<br />
<br />
The park is involved in various education, research and training activities.<ref name="TNFD"/><ref name="II"/> The zoo administers a zoo school which conducts training programmes for teachers on animal conservation. The school also conducts special education programmes for school and college students on various topics such as animal behaviour, and conservation. The zoo also conducts outreach programmes aimed at education on various endangered species.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=28}}<ref name="Amphi"/> The zoo club was established in 1998, consisting of volunteers who are involved in sanitation of premises and animal education.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=29}}<ref>{{cite news|title=This zoo needs friends|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=20 March 2000|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2000/03/20/stories/102072m2.htm|access-date=4 December 2011}}</ref> The zoo releases a periodic newsletter detailing the activities at the zoo.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=29}}<br />
<br />
In September 2008, the park initiated an animal adoption programme.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-07-29/chennai/28155674_1_vandalur-zoo-animal-adoption-arignar-anna-zoological-park|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104061528/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-07-29/chennai/28155674_1_vandalur-zoo-animal-adoption-arignar-anna-zoological-park|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 January 2013|title=Zoo's animal adoption programme takes off|access-date=17 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=29 July 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-06/chennai/28306900_1_animal-adoption-vandalur-zoo-kssvp-reddy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025739/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-06/chennai/28306900_1_animal-adoption-vandalur-zoo-kssvp-reddy|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=Vandalur zoo to rope celebrities to promote animal adoption programme|access-date=18 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=6 August 2010}}</ref> The first animals were adopted in 2009, and the park raised {{INRconvert|2.3|m}} in 2010-11 from the programme.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/09/17/stories/2010091762630700.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100920183734/http://www.hindu.com/2010/09/17/stories/2010091762630700.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 September 2010|title=Renewed enthusiasm for Vandalur zoo's animal adoption programme|access-date=18 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 September 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Chennai Arignar Anna Zoological Park needs Kangaroos, Rhinos|newspaper=News Reporter|publisher=NewsReporter.in|date=17 June 2011|url=http://www.newsreporter.in/chennai-arignar-anna-zoological-park-needs-kangaroos-rhinos|access-date=4 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150802030522/https://www.newsreporter.in/chennai-arignar-anna-zoological-park-needs-kangaroos-rhinos|archive-date=2 August 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2013, a forest and wildlife museum was established near the entrance, which provides information on various organisms.<ref>{{cite news|last=Oppili|first=P.|title=Vandalur zoo to get a museum soon|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=15 October 2013|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/vandalur-zoo-to-get-a-museum-soon/article5235603.ece|access-date=19 October 2013|archive-date=19 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019162755/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/vandalur-zoo-to-get-a-museum-soon/article5235603.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> In April 2018, the zoo launched a [[mobile application]], and live streaming of certain enclosures as a means of education into animal behaviour.<ref>{{cite news|title=Enter the animal planet from your phone|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 April 2018|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/enter-the-animal-planet-from-your-phone/article23565317.ece|access-date=8 August 2018|archive-date=16 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416215233/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/enter-the-animal-planet-from-your-phone/article23565317.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Now, watch live streaming of animals at Vandalur zoo|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/now-watch-live-streaming-of-animals-at-vandalur-zoo/article23544099.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=15 April 2018|access-date=1 June 2024|archive-date=9 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109043005/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/now-watch-live-streaming-of-animals-at-vandalur-zoo/article23544099.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Wild buffalo.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|A herd of [[gaur]] at the zoo]]<br />
<br />
The park is also involved in various animal research activities. The biologists are involved in the collection of data, research and publication activities of various aspects such as animal housing, healthcare, and behaviour. The research data is utilised to promote conservation, management, and breeding of animals in the zoo.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=59}} In July 2008, the world's first [[Invasiveness of surgical procedures|non-invasive]] [[birth control]] surgery on [[mugger crocodiles]] was performed in the park by the surgeons of the [[Madras Veterinary College]] at the zoo following research to control breeding.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/environment/flora-fauna/birth-control-for-crocodiles-at-vandalur/articleshow/3282088.cms|title=Birth control for crocodiles at Vandalur|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=17 July 2011|date=26 July 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019235530/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-07-26/flora-fauna/27924260_1_crocodiles-vandalur-zoo-procedure|archive-date= Oct 19, 2012}}</ref> In 2012, the park adopted social grouping of animals in captivity, where members of same species were kept together, to study their interaction in groups.<ref>{{cite news|title=Chennai Zoo attempts social grouping of animals|work=[[Press Trust of India]]|date=13 June 2012|url=http://www.ptinews.com/news/2702736_Chennai-Zoo-attempts-social-grouping-of-animals|access-date=14 June 2012|archive-date=17 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241217034208/https://www.ptinews.com/news/2702736_Chennai-Zoo-attempts-social-grouping-of-animals|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2017, a research and training facility was set up at a cost of {{INRconvert|71.3|m|year=2017}} to conduct research on subjects such as endangered animals and their reproduction, and means to address man–animal conflicts.<ref>{{cite news|title=Research, training facility comes up at Vandalur zoo|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=13 October 2017|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/research-training-facility-comes-up-at-vandalur-zoo/article19848776.ece|access-date=14 October 2017|archive-date=2 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202192121/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/research-training-facility-comes-up-at-vandalur-zoo/article19848776.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=Wildlife research centre: work begins|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=15 March 2013|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/wildlife-research-centre-work-begins/article4958700.ece|access-date=28 July 2013|archive-date=31 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140831024516/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/wildlife-research-centre-work-begins/article4958700.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Infrastructure ==<br />
[[File:VandalurZoo 18Aug2012 Aviary Walkway5.JPG|upright=0.8|thumb|Open water pool]]<br />
<br />
The zoo requires about {{cvt|600000|l|gal}} of water per day for drinking, bathing animals, cleaning enclosures, and cooling.<ref name="PowerCutsTakeAToll">{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=Power cuts take a toll on zoo animals|date=13 March 2012|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-13/chennai/31159357_1_vandalur-zoo-king-cobra-enclosure|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103183753/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-03-13/chennai/31159357_1_vandalur-zoo-king-cobra-enclosure|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=31 August 2012}}</ref> The major water supply comes from the [[Palar]], and is provided by the [[Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board]] (TWAD).<br />
{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=20}} The remainder comes from 13 open [[water well|wells]], five borewells and the Otteri lake within the zoo premises.<br />
{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=21}} There are ten water tanks to store the water.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=22}} In 2011, the zoo constructed [[rainwater harvesting]] systems, including small bunds and check dams, to store water during the [[monsoon]] that would otherwise be lost.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-16/chennai/28276138_1_rainwater-harvesting-vandalur-kssvp-reddy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106043611/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-16/chennai/28276138_1_rainwater-harvesting-vandalur-kssvp-reddy|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 November 2012|title=Rainwater harvesting systems for Vandalur zoo|last=Madhavan|first=D.|date=16 August 2010|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=8 October 2010}}</ref> There are three electrical substations which provide power to the zoo.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=23}} The zoo has back up generators to aid during power failures.<ref name="PowerCutsTakeAToll"/> In 2011, [[solar power]]ed lights were installed in 14 enclosures.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-09/chennai/28545923_1_solar-powered-lights-solar-lights-enclosures|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025811/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-09/chennai/28545923_1_solar-powered-lights-solar-lights-enclosures|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=Sun shines on animal enclosures at city zoo|author=D Madhavan|date=9 February 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=17 July 2011}}</ref> The zoo authority maintains {{cvt|4.5|km}} of roads running through the park.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=26}} The zoo also encloses a staff quarters spread across {{cvt|7|ha}} to house the zookeepers and support staff.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=23}}<br />
<br />
== Visitor facilities and patronage ==<br />
[[File:VandalurZoo 18Aug2012 TicketCounter Right.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|Ticket counters at entrance]]<br />
<br />
The park is open for public from 8:30 to 17:30 on all days except Tuesdays, when the zoo carries out weekly maintenance work.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wy9ZtMmsZmQC&q=Arignar+Anna+Zoological+Park&pg=PA11|title=Tourist Guide to Chennai|author= V Subburaj|year= 2006|publisher=Sura Books|page=11|isbn=978-8-17478-040-9|access-date=5 February 2011}}</ref> The public are charged an entrance fee, and separate fees for other facilities such as the safari.<ref name="TNFD"/><ref name="AR"/>{{rp|page=10}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Enhancement of Entrance Fee- Orders issued|work=G.O.Ms.No.99|publisher=Environment and Forest (FR.5) Department, Government of Tamil Nadu|date=18 September 2008|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/gosdb/gorders/eandf/eandf_e_99_2008.pdf|access-date=25 November 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120912174005/http://www.tn.gov.in/gosdb/gorders/eandf/eandf_e_99_2008.pdf|archive-date=12 September 2012 }}</ref> In 2018, online ticketing was introduced.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/ahead-of-pongal-vandalur-zoo-introduces-online-booking/article22340082.ece|title=Ahead of Pongal, Vandalur zoo introduces online booking|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=1 January 2018|access-date=7 January 2018|archive-date=16 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316161519/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/ahead-of-pongal-vandalur-zoo-introduces-online-booking/article22340082.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> The visitor reception center has the ticket counters, information centre, a [[restaurant]], [[cloak room]]s, and an [[auditorium]]. There is a {{cvt|6400|m2}} parking space adjoining the facility.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=26}} [[Battery electric vehicles]], vehicles on rails, and cycles are available for public transit within the park.<ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=Four diesel-run vehicles on rails for Vandalur|date=5 January 2009|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-01-05/chennai/28002433_1_battery-operated-vehicles-lion-safari-vandalur|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120923131911/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-01-05/chennai/28002433_1_battery-operated-vehicles-lion-safari-vandalur|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=4 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/27/stories/2008082758080300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080830163054/http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/27/stories/2008082758080300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 August 2008|title=Battery-operated vehicles take you around Vandalur Zoo|first=P.|last=Oppili|date=27 August 2008|access-date=11 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/06/27/stories/2008062760340500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080630180201/http://www.hindu.com/2008/06/27/stories/2008062760340500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 June 2008|title=Hire a cycle and explore Vandalur zoo|last=Oppili|first=P.|date=27 June 2008|access-date=8 October 2010|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> An elephant safari was introduced in the zoo in 2008, providing a ride on elephants for a tour around the zoo.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-09-08/chennai/27889988_1_female-elephant-elephant-calves-rides|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025707/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-09-08/chennai/27889988_1_female-elephant-elephant-calves-rides|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=No takers for jumbo rides|access-date=17 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=8 September 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-12/chennai/28161301_1_vandalur-zoo-zoo-premises-elephants|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921025714/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-12/chennai/28161301_1_vandalur-zoo-zoo-premises-elephants|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 September 2012|title=Andaman jumbos at Vandalur for rest|access-date=17 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=12 May 2009}}</ref> Refreshment outlets operated by the [[Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation]], restrooms, resting facilities, and [[first aid]] facilities are provided the public.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=27}}<ref name="worldzootoday"/> The zoo maintains a guest house.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.timeschennai.com/index.php?mod=article&cat=Chennai&article=34660|title=Minister visits Vandalur Zoo|work=Times Chennai|date=26 May 2011|access-date=18 July 2011}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[File:Electric_car-vandalur_zoo-Tamil_Nadu99.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|An electric ferry vehicle]]<br />
<br />
The number of visitors to the park vary across days and months. The visitation is higher during public holidays, and festivals.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=25}} The park receives maximum visitors during the [[Pongal (festival)|Pongal]] festival.<ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=D.|title=City zoo gets most visitors in a decade|date=18 January 2012|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-18/chennai/30638730_1_kssvp-reddy-vandalur-zoo-lion-cub|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511203959/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-18/chennai/30638730_1_kssvp-reddy-vandalur-zoo-lion-cub|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 May 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=19 January 2012}}</ref> The park received about 0.72 million visitors in 1999 with gate receipts of {{INRconvert|4.63|m|year=1999}}. The visitation substantially increased during the 2000s.<ref name="Lake"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-05-27/chennai/29591240_1_forest-minister-zoo-director-kssvp-reddy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106041306/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-05-27/chennai/29591240_1_forest-minister-zoo-director-kssvp-reddy|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 November 2012|title=Efforts would be taken to increase green cover in the state: Minister|date=27 May 2011|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=10 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/node/40320|title=3 lion cubs born at Anna zoo|date=3 July 2011|newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011205649/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/node/40320|archive-date=11 October 2012|url-status=dead|access-date=10 July 2011}}</ref> The visitation increased to 1.8 million by 2010–11,<ref>{{cite news|title=Wandering down Chennai's wild side|newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=3 June 2011|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/wandering-down-chennais-wild-side/155808-60-120.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604191158/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/wandering-down-chennais-wild-side/155808-60-120.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 June 2011|access-date=25 November 2011}}</ref> and the park registered revenues of {{INRconvert|46.9|m|year=2010}}.{{sfn|Narayan|Reddy|2013|p=25}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/04/29/stories/2011042958571700.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110502153032/http://www.hindu.com/2011/04/29/stories/2011042958571700.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 May 2011|title=Vandalur zoo witnesses rise in revenue and visitors|first=P.|last=Oppili|date=29 April 2011|access-date=11 July 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> The number of visitations increased to 2.05 million by 2018–19.<ref name="AR19">{{cite report|url=https://aazp.in/assets/pdf/Annual%20Report%202018-2019.pdf|title=Annual Report 2019|work=Arignar Anna Zoological Park|access-date=6 December 2024|archive-date=4 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241104041536/http://aazp.in/assets/pdf/Annual%20Report%202018-2019.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>{{rp|page=8}} During 2018–19, the zoo registered earnings of {{INRconvert|139.5|m}} of which {{INRconvert|126.4|m}} was from gate receipts.<ref name="AR"/>{{rp|page=13}} The visitations dropped to 0.4 million in 2020-21 and 0.7 million in 2021-22 due to [[COVID-19]] enforced closure.<ref name="AR"/>{{rp|page=8}}<ref>{{cite report|url=https://aazp.in/assets/pdf/Annual%20report%202020-2021%20final%206th%20dec.pdf|title=Annual Report 2021|work=Arignar Anna Zoological Park|access-date=6 December 2024|page=8|archive-date=2 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202221737/http://aazp.in/assets/pdf/Annual%20report%202020-2021%20final%206th%20dec.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The park reported revenues of {{INRconvert|92.9|m}} against costs of {{INRconvert|134.4|m}} for 2021–22.<ref name="AR"/>{{rp|page=13}} The number of visitors increased in 2022 post the reopening of the zoo.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/heavy-rush-at-vandalur-zoo-daily-footfall-touches-17000/article66318127.ece|title=Heavy rush at Vandalur zoo, daily footfall touches 17,000|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=30 December 2022|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Incidents ==<br />
In January 2002, when a [[leopard]] from the Vandalur reserve forest entered into the zoo premises.<ref>{{cite news|last=Oppili|first=P.|title=Stray carnivore enters Vandalur zoo|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=24 January 2002|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/01/24/stories/2002012401610300.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125053208/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/01/24/stories/2002012401610300.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=25 January 2013|access-date=4 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Drum beating on a panther safari|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/lf/2002/02/06/stories/2002020601350200.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403200246/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/lf/2002/02/06/stories/2002020601350200.htm|archive-date=3 April 2008 }}</ref> The zoo was closed for over 45 days before the animal was trapped.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/PDATOI/articleshow/6442283.cms|title=Meet Mani the bison and Arumugam the panther|first=D|last=Madhavan|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=27 August 2010|access-date=10 July 2011|archive-date=17 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241217071443/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/PDATOI/articleshow/6442283.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Vandalur zoo reopened|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=24 February 2002|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/02/24/stories/2002022403620300.htm|access-date=4 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050818230426/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/02/24/stories/2002022403620300.htm|archive-date=18 August 2005|url-status=usurped}}</ref> On 12 November 2007, a {{cvt|13|ft}} long [[reticulated python]] was found in a ventilator inside the [[pygmy hippopotamus]] enclosure and bit one of the animal keepers during its capture. According to the zoo officials, the python could have escaped from its enclosure when it was young, about four to five years ago, and was roaming freely inside the zoo while feeding on rodents.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/11/13/stories/2007111367310400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115185945/http://www.hindu.com/2007/11/13/stories/2007111367310400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 November 2007|title=Python found in Vandalur zoo|date=13 November 2007|access-date=10 July 2011|work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> On the night of 10 July 2010, three [[sand boa]]s were reported stolen from the zoo.<ref>{{cite news|title=Snake thieves expose poor zoo safety|date=14 July 2009|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-07-14/chennai/28199848_1_sand-boas-snake-park-vandalur-zoo|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922083207/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-07-14/chennai/28199848_1_sand-boas-snake-park-vandalur-zoo|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 September 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=25 November 2011}}</ref> In January 2011, 50 birds died under mysterious circumstances in the park within a month with a postmortem report revealing that they were poisoned.<ref>{{cite news|title=50 Birds poisoned to death in Vandalur zoo|work=One India|language=ta|date=12 January 2011|url=http://g7.baidu.com/from=415e/bd_page_type=0/ssid=0/uid=420FD387F3154354AB4C676C02D7554A/pu=usm%400/tc?pn=7&m=0&src=tamil.oneindia.in/news/2011/01/12/50-birds-poisoned-death-vandalur-zoo-aid0091.html|access-date=15 November 2012|archive-date=23 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123161001/http://g7.baidu.com/from=415e/bd_page_type=0/ssid=0/uid=420FD387F3154354AB4C676C02D7554A/pu=usm@0/tc?pn=7&m=0&src=tamil.oneindia.in/news/2011/01/12/50-birds-poisoned-death-vandalur-zoo-aid0091.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2011, a nine-feet long [[Burmese python]] was reported missing from its enclosure at the serpentarium after the animal keeper forgot to close the snake's enclosure after the weekly clean-up. On 5 December 2011, after about 3 months, the animal was captured by baiting with a chicken.<ref name="Madhavan"/><br />
<br />
On 2 August 2011, a 17-year-old male gaur was gored to death by a younger male allegedly over fight for a mate. On 20 August 2017, the same gaur also killed another 20-year-old male in the zoo.<ref>{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=T.|title=Indian gaur killed in fight in zoo|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=21 August 2017|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/indian-gaur-killed-in-fight-in-zoo/article19530922.ece|access-date=1 October 2017}}</ref> On 7 August 2013, a three-year-old male white tiger succumbed to injuries suffered during a fight with its potential mate, a nine-year-old Bengal tigress, and the tigress was also severely injured following the fight.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/mating-bid-turns-fatal-for-white-tiger-at-chennais-vandalur-zoo/article5049702.ece|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|first=D.|last=Madhavan|title=Mating bid turns fatal for white tiger at Chennai's Vandalur Zoo|date=23 August 2013|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref> A nine-year old lioness and a 12-year-old lion after contracting [[COVID-19]] in June 2021.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Oppili|first1=P.|date=17 June 2021|first2=Ram|last2=Sundaram|title=Chennai: Another lion dies of SARS Covid-2 at Vandalur zoo|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/another-lion-dies-of-sars-covid-2-at-chennai-zoo/articleshow/83592322.cms|access-date=24 June 2021|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=25 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625083641/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/another-lion-dies-of-sars-covid-2-at-chennai-zoo/articleshow/83592322.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> Out of 15 lions at the zoo, 11 tested positive for [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2|SARS‑CoV‑2]].<ref>{{cite news|date=16 June 2021|title=One more lion succumbs to Covid-19 at Chennai's Vandalur zoo|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chennai/one-more-lion-succumbs-to-covid-19-at-chennais-vandalur-zoo-7362098/|access-date=24 June 2021|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204612/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chennai/one-more-lion-succumbs-to-covid-19-at-chennais-vandalur-zoo-7362098/|url-status=live}}</ref> Experts from [[Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University]] were tasked with dealing the outbreak.<ref>{{cite news|title=Chennai's Vandalur Zoo loses another young Asiatic lion to COVID-19|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2021/jun/16/chennais-vandalur-zoo-loses-another-young-asiatic-lion-to-covid-19-2317070.html|newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=16 June 2021|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[Chennai Snake Park]]<br />
* [[Flora and fauna of Chennai]]<br />
* [[Guindy National Park]]<br />
* [[Madras Crocodile Bank]]<br />
* [[Marine Kingdom]]<br />
{{Portal bar|India|Animals|Environment}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
=== Bibliography ===<br />
* {{cite book|title=Zoo and Aquarium History: Ancient Animal Collections to Conservation Centers|year=2022|first1=Vernon|last1=Kisling|publisher=[[CRC Press]]|isbn=978-1-00058-538-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NkZ1EAAAQBAJ}}<br />
* {{cite report|title=Master plan for Vandalur zoo|year=2013|first1=Lakshmi|last1=Narayan|first2=KSSVP|last2=Reddy|work=[[Central Zoo Authority]]|url=https://cza.nic.in/uploads/documents/zoos/plan/english/Master_Plan_Final%20-%20AAZP,%20Vandalur.pdf}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
{{Commons category|Arignar Anna Zoological Park}}<br />
*{{ZooOrg|cza|access-date=9 October 2011}}<br />
<br />
{{Zoos of India}}<br />
{{Chennai Topics}}<br />
{{Kanchipuram district}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Zoos in Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:Parks in Chennai]]<br />
[[Category:Protected areas of Tamil Nadu]]<br />
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Chennai]]<br />
[[Category:1855 establishments in India]]<br />
[[Category:Memorials to C. N. Annadurai]]<br />
[[Category:Zoos established in the 19th century]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sinnar_Assembly_constituency&diff=463430Sinnar Assembly constituency2026-02-04T06:32:11Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: small adjust page per sources as per guidelines</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox Indian constituency<br />
| name = Sinnar<br />
| constituency_no = 120<br />
| type = SLA<br />
| state = [[Maharashtra]]<br />
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2024]]<br />
| established = 1955 <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/146-archive-delimitation-orders |title= Archive Delimitation Orders - Final Order DC (1953-1955) |access-date=31 January 2026 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref> <br />
| map_image = 120-Sinnar.svg<br />
| loksabha_cons = [[Nashik Lok Sabha constituency|Nashik]]<br />
| district = [[Nashik district|Nashik]]<br />
| reservation = None<br />
| mla = Adv. [[Manikrao Kokate]]<br />
| party = {{Party index link|Nationalist Congress Party}}<br />
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}<br />
| incumbent_image = <br />
| electors =324,867 <br />
}}<br />
'''Sinnar Assembly constituency''' is one of the fifteen constituencies of the Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha located in [[Nashik district]].<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref> It is a part of [[Nashik Lok Sabha constituency]] along with five other assembly constituencies, namely, [[Nashik East Assembly constituency|Nashik East]], [[Nashik Central Assembly constituency|Nashik Central]], [[Nashik West Assembly constituency|Nashik West]], [[Deolali Assembly constituency|Deolali (SC)]] and [[Igatpuri Assembly constituency|Igatpuri (ST)]].<br />
<br />
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Year<br />
!Member<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sinnar Vidhan Sabha Current MLA and Previous MLAs |url=https://www.elections.in/maharashtra/assembly-constituencies/sinnar.html |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=Elections in India}}</ref><br />
!colspan=2|Party<br />
|- <br />
| [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election|1957]] || Navale Shankar Kondaji || {{Full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || Shankar Balaji Waje || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || rowspan=2 | Ramkrishna Narayan Naik <br />
|- <br />
| [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1972]] <br />
|- <br />
| [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1978]] || rowspan=2 | Gadhak Suryabhan Sukdeo || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1980]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (U)}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1985]] || rowspan=3 | Dighole Tukaram Sakharam || {{Full party name with color|Indian Congress (Socialist)}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1990]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1995]] || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1999]] || rowspan=3 | [[Manikrao Kokate|Manikrao Shivajirao Kokate]] || {{Full party name with color|Shiv Sena|rowspan=2}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2004]] <br />
|- <br />
| [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2009]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2014]] || [[Rajabhau Waje|Rajabhau (Parag) Prakash Waje]] || {{Full party name with color|Shiv Sena}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2019]] || rowspan=2 | [[Manikrao Kokate|Manikrao Shivajirao Kokate]] || {{Full party name with color|Nationalist Congress Party|rowspan=2}}<br />
|- <br />
| [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2024]] <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Election results==<br />
===Assembly Election 2024=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref name="Maharastra Assembly Election Results 2024 - Sinnar">{{cite news |title=Maharastra Assembly Election Results 2024 - Sinnar |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S13120.htm |access-date=23 December 2024 |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=23 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241223071916/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S13120.htm |archive-date=23 December 2024}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Manikrao Kokate|Manikrao Shivajirao Kokate]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 138,565 |percentage = 57.36% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Uday Punjaji Sangale |party=Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar |votes = 97,681 |percentage = 40.43% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Sagar Pandurang Sangale |party=Independent politician |votes = 2,275 |percentage = 0.94% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 1,813 |percentage = 0.75% |change={{decrease}}0.12 }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 40,884 |percentage = 16.92% |change= {{increase}}15.87 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 243,403 |percentage = 74.92% |change= {{increase}}9.06 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 241,590}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 324,867|ref = |change= }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Nationalist Congress Party |loser = Nationalist Congress Party |swing= {{increase}}8.17 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 2019=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref name="election2019">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11699-maharashtra-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |title=Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Election, 2019 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 2 February 2022 |url-access=limited}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Manikrao Kokate|Manikrao Shivajirao Kokate]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 97,011 |percentage = 49.19% |change={{increase}}48.14 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Rajabhau Waje|Rajabhau (Parag) Prakash Waje]] |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 94,939 |percentage = 48.14% |change={{decrease}}4.99 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Vikram Murlidhar Katkade |party=Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi |votes = 2,886 |percentage = 1.46% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 1,709 |percentage = 0.87% |change={{increase}}0.41 }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,072 |percentage = 1.05% |change= {{decrease}}9.45 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 199,276 |percentage = |change= {{decrease}}5.86 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 197,226}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 301,994|ref = |change= }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Nationalist Congress Party |loser = Shiv Sena |swing= {{decrease}}3.94 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 2014=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref name="election2014">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11699-maharashtra-legislative-assembly-election-2014/ |title=Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Election, 2014 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 2 February 2022 |url-access=limited}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Rajabhau Waje|Rajabhau (Parag) Prakash Waje]] |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 104,031 |percentage = 53.13% |change={{increase}}6.44 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Manikrao Kokate|Manikrao Shivajirao Kokate]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 83,477 |percentage = 42.63% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kale Sampat Santu |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 3,319 |percentage = 1.69% |change={{decrease}}46.80 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Garje Shubhangi Suresh |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 2,052 |percentage = 1.05% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Dr. Shashikant Chandrakant Gaikwad |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,520 |percentage = 0.78% |change={{decrease}}0.15 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 899 |percentage = 0.46% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 20,554 |percentage = 10.50% |change= {{increase}}8.68 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 196,771 |percentage = |change= {{increase}}7.27 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 195,821}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 275,145|ref = |change= }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Shiv Sena |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}4.63 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 2009=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher= Chief Eletoral Officer, [[Maharashtra]]|title=General Elections to State Legislative Assembly 2009 |url=https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/pdff/vidhanresult.pdf|archive-url= http://web.archive.org/web/20240708005931/https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/pdff/vidhanresult.pdf|archive-date=8 July 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Manikrao Kokate|Manikrao Shivajirao Kokate]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 75,630 |percentage = 48.50% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Waje Prakash Shankarrao |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 72,800 |percentage = 46.68% |change={{decrease}}3.34 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Dnyaneshwar Bahiru Bhosale |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,868 |percentage = 1.20% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Avhad Mahesh Zunjar |party=Shivrajya Party |votes = 1,494 |percentage = 0.96% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Barke Gopal Chindhu |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,438 |percentage = 0.92% |change={{decrease}}0.10 }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,830 |percentage = 1.81% |change= {{decrease}}12.97 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 156,097 |percentage = 63.96% |change= {{decrease}}8.07 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 155,939}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 244,047|ref = |change= {{increase}}29.75 }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Shiv Sena |swing= {{decrease}}1.53 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 2004=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Manikrao Kokate|Manikrao Shivajirao Kokate]] |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 67,722 |percentage = 50.03% |change={{decrease}}8.39 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Tukaram Sakharam Dighole |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 47,708 |percentage = 35.24% |change={{decrease}}2.53 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Garje Suresh Dhondu |party=Independent politician |votes = 13,292 |percentage = 9.82% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Dr. T. K. Sadgir |party=Independent politician |votes = 3,964 |percentage = 2.93% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Gade Shantaram Balkrishna (Bhau) |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,384 |percentage = 1.02% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Chandrakant Amrut Joshi (Sir) |party=Kranti Kari Jai Hind Sena |votes = 1,296 |percentage = 0.96% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 20,014 |percentage = 14.79% |change= {{decrease}}5.87 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 135,382 |percentage = 71.98% |change= {{decrease}}0.41 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 135,366}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 188,094|ref = |change= {{increase}}20.37 }} <br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Shiv Sena |loser = Shiv Sena |swing= {{decrease}}8.39 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 1999=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117044316/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Manikrao Kokate|Manikrao Shivajirao Kokate]] |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 66,072 |percentage = 58.42% |change={{increase}}27.17 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Dighole Tukaram Sakharam |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 42,715 |percentage = 37.77% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ghumare Bhagwatrao Revaji |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 4,304 |percentage = 3.81% |change={{decrease}}21.47 }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 23,357 |percentage = 20.65% |change= {{increase}}14.53 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 117,452 |percentage = 75.17% |change= {{decrease}}3.54 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 113,091}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 156,257|ref = |change= {{increase}}1.69 }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Shiv Sena |loser = Independent politician |swing= {{increase}}21.05 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 1995=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1995 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117121534/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Dighole Tukaram Sakharam |party=Independent politician |votes = 43,600 |percentage = 37.38% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Deshmukh Digambar Jayawantrao |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 36,458 |percentage = 31.25% |change={{increase}}11.15 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Shinde Bhagirath Nivrutti |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 29,487 |percentage = 25.28% |change={{decrease}}25.30 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Avhad Kondaji Raoba |party=Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh |votes = 3,750 |percentage = 3.21% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kakad Netaji Eknath |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,949 |percentage = 1.67% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 7,142 |percentage = 6.12% |change= {{decrease}}15.80 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 119,950 |percentage = 78.06% |change= {{increase}}11.33 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 116,654}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 153,656|ref = |change= {{increase}}7.19 }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Independent politician |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}13.20 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 1990=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117080722/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Dighole Tukaram Sakharam |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 46,830 |percentage = 50.58% |change={{increase}}29.44 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Gadhak Suryabhan Sukdeo |party=Janata Dal |votes = 26,536 |percentage = 28.66% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Deshmukh Digambar Jayawantrao |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 18,611 |percentage = 20.10% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 20,294 |percentage = 21.92% |change= {{increase}}2.21 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 94,271 |percentage = 65.76% |change= {{increase}}0.31 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 92,587}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 143,355|ref = |change= {{increase}}24.67 }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Indian Congress (Socialist) |swing= {{increase}}2.13 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 1985=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117075119/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Dighole Tukaram Sakharam |party=Indian Congress (Socialist) |votes = 35,810 |percentage = 48.45% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Gadhak Suryabhan Sukdeo |party=Independent politician |votes = 21,241 |percentage = 28.74% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Daware Nivrutti Bajunath |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 15,626 |percentage = 21.14% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 14,569 |percentage = 19.71% |change= {{decrease}}26.80 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 75,388 |percentage = 65.56% |change= {{increase}}4.59 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 73,913}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 114,987|ref = |change= {{increase}}6.61 }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian Congress (Socialist) |loser = Indian National Congress (U) |swing= {{decrease}}24.00 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 1980=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1980 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117083555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Gadhak Suryabhan Sukdeo |party=Indian National Congress (U) |votes = 46,639 |percentage = 72.45% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Waje Ashok Vithal |party=Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 16,699 |percentage = 25.94% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 29,940 |percentage = 46.51% |change= {{increase}}27.64 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 65,667 |percentage = 60.88% |change= {{decrease}}9.50 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 64,377}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 107,860|ref = |change= {{increase}}7.90 }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress (U) |loser = Independent politician |swing= {{increase}}20.03 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 1978=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629182050/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-date=29 June 2017|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Gadhak Suryabhan Sukdeo |party=Independent politician |votes = 36,255 |percentage = 52.42% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Avhad Nivrutti Mahadu |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 23,205 |percentage = 33.55% |change={{decrease}}19.53 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Sangle Sudam Bhaguji |party=Janata Party |votes = 6,847 |percentage = 9.90% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bhalerao Kaleshwar Bhiwaji |party=Independent politician |votes = 2,006 |percentage = 2.90% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Avadh Zunzar Mhasuji |party=Independent politician |votes = 854 |percentage = 1.23% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 13,050 |percentage = 18.87% |change= {{increase}}9.37 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 71,044 |percentage = 71.07% |change= {{increase}}3.35 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 69,167}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 99,967|ref = |change= {{increase}}10.46 }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Independent politician |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}0.66 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 1972=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519183024/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-date=19 May 2017|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Ramkrishna Narayan Naik |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 31,628 |percentage = 53.08% |change={{increase}}22.11 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Waje Shankarrao Balaji |party=Independent politician |votes = 25,967 |percentage = 43.58% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Avad Mahadeo Bala |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 1,040 |percentage = 1.75% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ganga Sakharam Roopawate |party=Republican Party of India |votes = 685 |percentage = 1.15% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 5,661 |percentage = 9.50% |change= {{increase}}9.14 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 61,313 |percentage = 67.75% |change= {{increase}}9.26 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 59,591}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 90,504|ref = |change= {{increase}}22.91 }} <br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}22.11 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 1967=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926233227/https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-date=26 September 2018|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Ramkrishna Narayan Naik |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 12,901 |percentage = 30.96% |change={{decrease}}16.9 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=A. G. Durve |party=Independent politician |votes = 12,750 |percentage = 30.60% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=L. T. Harak |party=Independent politician |votes = 10,898 |percentage = 26.16% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=P. B. Kathale |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 3,249 |percentage = 7.80% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=R. N. Rajebhonsale |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,121 |percentage = 2.69% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=W. P. Bhat |party=Independent politician |votes = 745 |percentage = 1.79% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 151 |percentage = 0.36% |change= {{decrease}}6.95 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 45,751 |percentage = 62.13% |change= {{decrease}}5.01 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 41,664}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 73,635|ref = |change= {{increase}}8.39 }} <br />
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}16.90 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 1962=== <br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117085627/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}} <br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Shankar Balaji Waje |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 20,027 |percentage = 47.86% |change={{increase}}18.98 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Gangadhar Wamanrao Chavanke |party=Communist Party of India |votes = 16,967 |percentage = 40.55% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Dharma Bhavanji Avha |party=Praja Socialist Party |votes = 3,841 |percentage = 9.18% |change={{decrease}}58.48 }} <br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Dattatraya Nathu Hande |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,009 |percentage = 2.41% |change= ''New'' }} <br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,060 |percentage = 7.31% |change= {{decrease}}31.46 }} <br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 45,268 |percentage = 66.63% |change= {{decrease}}11.89 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 41,844}} <br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 67,938|ref = |change= {{increase}}23.90 }} <br />
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Praja Socialist Party |swing= {{decrease}}19.80 }} <br />
{{Election box end}} <br />
===Assembly Election 1957===<br />
{{Election box begin|title = [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election]] : Sinnar<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 to the Legislative Assembly of Bombay |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114093455/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf|archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}<br />
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Navale Shankar Kondaji |party=Praja Socialist Party |votes = 27,260 |percentage = 67.66% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Naik Vasantrao Narayan |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 11,637 |percentage = 28.88% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Avad Laxman Namdeo |party=Independent politician |votes = 734 |percentage = 1.82% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Pagar Rangnath Dhondiram |party=Independent politician |votes = 661 |percentage = 1.64% |change= ''New'' }}<br />
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 15,623 |percentage = 38.77% |change= }}<br />
{{Election box turnout |votes = 40,292 |percentage = 73.48% |change= }}<br />
{{Election box total valid |votes= 40,292}}<br />
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 54,832|ref = |change= }}<br />
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Praja Socialist Party |loser = |swing= }}<br />
{{Election box end}}<br />
<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Sinnar]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra}}<br />
{{Nashik district}}<br />
{{coord|19.85|73.99|display=title}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Nashik district]]<br />
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra]]<br />
[[Category:Politics of Nashik district]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deeya_Chopra&diff=496011Deeya Chopra2026-01-30T11:47:18Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Made Initial Info From Scratch - done</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Indian television actress|bot=PearBOT 5}}<br />
{{BLP sources|date=January 2022}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2016}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
|name = Deeya Chopra<br />
|image =<br />
|imagesize =<br />
|caption = Deeya Chopra at TV Serial launch, Mainland China<br />
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1985|12|09}}<br />
|birth_place = [[New Delhi]], India<br />
| father = Ravi Chopra<br />
| mother = Manju Chopra<br />
|relatives = [[Roshni Chopra]] (sister)<br />
| spouse =Ritchie Mehta (m. 2016)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Deeya Chopra''' (born 9 December 1985) is an Indian [[television actor|television actress]]. She is the sister of [[Roshni Chopra]], who is also an actress and [[television presenter]]. She was last seen in [[Zee TV]]'s daily soap ''[[Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein]]''. In May 2012, she left the show as she had prior personal commitments. She was then replaced by Preet Kaur.<ref>{{cite news|title=Deeya Chopra out, Preet Kaur in Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tv/Preet-Kaur-in-Mrs-Kaushik-Ki-Paanch-Bahuein/articleshow/14027040.cms |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103172955/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-11/tv/32173621_1_zee-tv-preet-kaur-punjabi-movies |url-status=live |work=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=2013-01-03 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Filmography==<br />
===Television===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:100%"<br />
!scope="col"| Year<br />
!scope="col"| Serial<br />
!scope="col"| Role<br />
!scope="col"| Channel<br />
! class="unsortable" scope="col"| Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 2007-08<br />
| ''[[Love Story (SAB TV series)|Love Story]]''<br />
| Jhilmil<br />
| [[SAB TV]]<br />
| By [[Anurag Basu]]<br />
|-<br />
| 2008<br />
| ''[[Left Right Left (TV series)|Left Right Left]]''<br />
| Cadet Vidya Saxena<br />
| SAB TV<br />
| By [[DJ's a Creative Unit]]<br />
|-<br />
| 2009<br />
| ''[[Hindi Hai Hum]]''<br />
| Loveleen<br />
| [[Real (TV channel)|Real TV]]<br />
| <br />
|-<br />
| 2010<br />
| ''[[Na Aana Is Des Laado]]''<br />
| Sonali<br />
| [[Colors TV]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|2010<br />
|''[[Rishta.com]]''<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2010<br />
| ''Kashi – Ab Na Rahe Tera Kagaz Kora''<br />
| Byjayanti<br />
| [[NDTV Imagine]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2010<br />
| ''[[Mann Kee Awaaz Pratigya]]''<br />
| Anu<br />
| [[Star Plus]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| 2011-12<br />
| ''[[Mrs. Kaushik Ki Paanch Bahuein]]''<br />
| Ria Kaushik<br />
| [[Zee TV]]<br />
| Replaced by [[Preet Kaur Nayak|Preet Kaur]]<br />
|-<br />
| 2013<br />
| ''[[Chhanchhan]]''<br />
| Purvi<br />
| [[Sony Entertainment Television India|Sony TV]]<br />
| Cameo<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/mar/13tv.htm<br />
*http://entertainment.oneindia.in/television/top-stories/news/2008/left-right-left-new-look-070208.html {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130218024027/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/television/top-stories/news/2008/left-right-left-new-look-070208.html |date=18 February 2013 }}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chopra, Deeya}}<br />
[[Category:1985 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian television actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Indian soap opera actresses]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Rimini_(1944)&diff=457281Battle of Rimini (1944)2026-01-28T22:14:20Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: quick reworked page for clarity further</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Battle during the Italian Campaign of the Second World War}}<br />
{{About|the battle to capture the town of Rimini in September 1944|the use of the name as an alternative to Operation Olive, the wide offensive of [[15th Army Group]] in Italy on the Gothic Line|Gothic Line}}<br />
{{more footnotes needed|date=April 2010}}<br />
{{Infobox military conflict<br />
| conflict = Battle of Rimini<br />
| partof = the [[Gothic Line]] Offensive during the [[Italian campaign (World War II)|Italian campaign]] of [[World War II]]<br />
| image = Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-315-1117-18, Italien, LKW auf überfluteter Landstraße.jpg<br />
| image_size = 300px<br />
| caption = German trucks driving through muddy, flooded and unpaved roads near Rimini; typical terrain encountered during the offensive.<br />
| date = 13–21 September 1944<br />
| place = [[Rimini]], Italy<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|44|03|34|N|12|34|06|E|display=inline,title}}<br />
| territory =<br />
| result = Allied victory<br />
| status =<br />
| combatant1 = {{flagdeco|Canada|1921}} [[Canada]]<br />{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Greece|state}}<br />{{flagcountry|Dominion of New Zealand}}<br />
| combatant2 = {{flagcountry|Nazi Germany}}<br />
| combatant3 =<br />
| commander1 = {{Flagicon|Canada|1921}} [[E. L. M. Burns]]<br />{{Flagicon|Kingdom of Greece|state}} [[Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos]]<br />
| commander2 = {{Flagicon|Nazi Germany}} [[Traugott Herr]]<br />
| commander3 =<br />
| units1 = {{Flagicon|Canada|1921}} [[1st Canadian Division|1st Infantry Division]]<br />{{flagicon|Dominion of New Zealand}} [[2nd New Zealand Division|2nd Infantry Division]]<br />{{flagicon|Kingdom of Greece|state}} [[3rd Greek Mountain Brigade|3rd Mountain Brigade]]<br />
| units2 ={{Flagicon|Nazi Germany}} 1st [[Fallschirmjäger (World War II)|Fallschirmjäger]] Regiment<br />[[File:Turkistan Legion patch.svg|20px]] [[Turkestan Legion]]<br />
| strength1 =<br />
| strength2 =<br />
| strength3 =<br />
| casualties1 =<br />
| casualties2 =<br />
| casualties3 =<br />
| notes =<br />
| campaignbox ={{Campaignbox Gothic Line}}<br />
{{Campaignbox Italy}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Battle of Rimini''' took place between 13 and 21 September 1944 during Operation Olive, the main [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] offensive on the [[Gothic Line]] in August and September 1944, part of the [[Italian Campaign (World War II)|Italian Campaign]] in the [[Second World War]]. [[Rimini]], a city on Italy's [[Adriatic Sea|Adriatic coast]], anchored the Rimini Line, a German defensive line which was the third such line of the Gothic Line defences.<br />
<br />
Rimini, which had been hit previously by 373 air raids, had 1,470,000 rounds fired against it by Allied land forces; by the end of the battle, only 2% of all buildings in the city escaped damage.<ref>[http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/rimini_res-c2072ce3-87e6-11dc-8e9d-0016357eee51_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/ Enciclopedia Treccani]</ref><br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
=== Rimini during the Second World War ===<br />
Rimini is located in a militarily strategic position, at the southern tip of the [[Po Valley]], at a narrow passage along the [[Adriatic Sea|Adriatic coast]] where the plains of [[northern Italy]] meet the mountainous terrain of [[central Italy]].<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=La Linea Gotica |trans-title=The Gothic Line |url=https://www.lacittainvisibile.it/la-seconda-guerra-mondiale/la-linea-gotica.html |access-date=17 January 2024 |website=La Città Invisibile |language=it-IT}}</ref><br />
<br />
Before the Battle of Rimini, Rimini had suffered sustained [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] [[Airstrike|aerial bombardment]] since November 1943. Many refugees from northern Italy had fled to Rimini between November 1942 and February 1943, only to flee again with the bombings.<ref name=":8" /> Of 40,000 inhabitants, only 3,000 remained, and the city centre was deserted.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":8" /> Around 55,000 refugees fled to the north, to the hinterland, and to the independent [[San Marino|Republic of San Marino]],<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":8" /> where they sheltered in the country's [[Rimini–San Marino railway|railway tunnels]].<ref name=":92">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=12 June 2023 |title=12 giugno 1932 - Viene inaugurata la ferrovia Rimini - San Marino |trans-title=12 June 1932: The Rimini–San Marino railway was opened |url=https://www.chiamamicitta.it/12-giugno-1932-viene-inaugurata-la-ferrovia-rimini-san-marino/ |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=Chiamami Città |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref name=":30">{{Cite journal |last=Giuliani-Balestrino |first=Maria Clotilde |date=2005 |title=La superstrada Rimini-San Marino |trans-title=The Rimini-San Marino railway |url=https://studiericerche.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Giuliani-Balestrino-1-4.pdf |journal=Studi e Ricerche di Geografia |language=it-IT |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=1–4}}</ref> As the Allied frontline approached the city, [[Naval gunfire support|naval bombardment]] followed,<ref name=":8" /> and remaining citizens hid in makeshift shelters or in the caves by the Covignano hill.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Susini |first=Daniele |date=6 July 2016 |title=Guerra sul confine orientale della linea gotica: il caso Rimini |trans-title=War on the eastern border of the Gothic line: The Rimini case |url=https://www.novecento.org/dossier/la-linea-gotica-fra-ricerca-e-didattica/guerra-sul-confine-orientale-della-linea-gotica-il-caso-rimini/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Novecento.org |volume=6 |language=it-IT |doi=10.12977/nov129 |issn=2283-6837|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=20 September 2022 |title=21 settembre 1944 - Rimini liberata |trans-title=21 September 1944 – Rimini liberated |url=https://archivio.chiamamicitta.it/21-settembre-1944-rimini-liberata/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Chiamamicitta |language=it-IT}}</ref> [[Italian resistance movement|Partisan resistance]] was also notable in Rimini, with official reports of 400 young people involved in resistance cells. On 16 August 1944, three partisans were hanged in Rimini's central square, which would later be renamed in their honour.<ref name=":10" /><br />
<br />
Between November 1943 and September 1944, the total number of air, naval, and land bombings in the city numbered 396,<ref name=":9" /> destroying 82% of all buildings, the highest figure among Italian cities with over 50,000 inhabitants.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Gambetti |first=Nicola |date=20 June 2023 |title=Monumenti sopravvissuti: l'Arco d'Augusto |trans-title=Surviving monuments: The Arch of Augustus |url=https://riminisparita.it/monumenti-sopravvissuti-larco-daugusto/ |access-date=16 January 2024 |website=Rimini Sparita |language=it-IT}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== The Gothic Line ===<br />
On 25 August 1944 the [[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)|Eighth Army]] launched Operation Olive, attacking on a three Corps front up the eastern flank of Italy into the Gothic Line defences. By the first week in September, the offensive had broken through the forward defences of the Gothic Line and the defensive positions of the Green I line and United States [[United States Army North|Fifth Army]] entered the offensive in central Italy attacking towards [[Bologna]].<ref name=":1" /><br />
<br />
In the Eighth Army's centre, the [[1st Canadian Division]] had broken through Green II on the right of its front advancing to pinch out the Polish Corps on the very right of the army (and allowing the latter to be withdrawn to army reserve) but inland in the hills, the Corps' advance had been held up by stubborn defence at [[Coriano]] and [[V Corps (United Kingdom)|V Corps]] on the army's left flank had been halted at Croce and [[Battle of Gemmano|Gemmano]]. A new attack to clear the Green II positions in the hills and destroy the Rimini Line running from the port of Rimini inland to San Marino was scheduled to start on 12 September.<ref name=":1">Jackson, p.274.</ref><br />
<br />
== Prelude ==<br />
<br />
=== Arrival of the front in Riccione ===<br />
In [[Riccione]], a sizeable town southeast of Rimini, from the evening of 2 September, the Germans retreated to a defensive line at the Rio Melo, defended by a single tank, allowing forces of the 1st Canadian Division to enter the town. The area between Viale Ceccarini, Riccione's principal high street, and the Rio Melo, a river lined with a port, became a no man's land until the Battle of Rimini had finished.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Galli |first=Fabio Glauco |title=La Città Invisibile - La Guerra a Riccione |trans-title=The invisible city: The war in Riccione |url=https://www.lacittainvisibile.it/segni-storie-e-memorie/la-guerra-a-riccione.html |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=La Città Invisibile |language=it-IT}}</ref> The Hotel Adria, no longer extant, was requisitioned for soldiers engaged in the Battle of Rimini to take four days' leave on the beach.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Zaghini |first=Paolo |date=7 February 2021 |title=Quei ragazzi venuti dall'altro capo del mondo per liberare Riccione |trans-title=Those guys who came from the other side of the world to liberate Riccione |url=https://www.chiamamicitta.it/quei-ragazzi-venuti-dallaltro-capo-del-mondo-per-liberare-riccione/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Chiamami Città |language=it-IT}}</ref><br />
<br />
Behind the Canadian Division was the [[3rd Greek Mountain Brigade]] ({{langx|el|ΙΙΙ Ελληνική Ορεινή Ταξιαρχία}}). On 8 and 10 September, near the village of [[Cattolica]], the Greeks pushed back two German attacks.<br />
<br />
=== 3–12 September: Battle of San Lorenzo in Strada ===<br />
[[File:San Lorenzo in Strada Riccione 1944.jpg|thumb|The Church of San Lorenzo in Strada in [[Riccione]] after the battle, {{Circa|1944}}]]<br />
To Riccione's northwest, the ancient town of San Lorenzo in Strada was heavily fortified by General [[Richard Heidrich]]'s [[1st Parachute Division (Germany)|1st Parachute Division]], who barricaded themselves in the church with instructions to fight until the end.<ref name=":invi">{{Cite web |last=Galli |first=Fabio Glauco |title=La Città Invisibile - La Guerra a Riccione |trans-title=The invisible city: The war in Riccione |url=https://www.lacittainvisibile.it/segni-storie-e-memorie/la-guerra-a-riccione.html |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=La Città Invisibile |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last= |date=11 December 2020 |title=La battaglia di San Lorenzo nell'assalto alla Linea Gotica |trans-title=The battle of San Lorenzo in the assault on the Gothic Line |url=https://www.famijarciunesa.org/la-battaglia-di-san-lorenzo-nellassalto-alla-linea-gotica/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Famija Arciunesa |language=it-IT}}</ref> San Lorenzo sat on a hilltop along a curve in the Via Flaminia before [[Federico Fellini International Airport|Rimini airfield]], and was therefore strategically important.<ref name=":02" /><br />
<br />
On 3 September, the 1st Parachute Division engaged the Canadians, who had reached Riccione's southern outskirt of Abyssinia. The battle in San Lorenzo, which included sword-fighting in the church, claimed 31 soldiers and 124 wounded or missing, with the Canadians reduced to 18 men before they suspended their attack on 6 September.<ref name=":02" /><br />
<br />
By 12 September, the Greeks had joined the Canadians in Riccione, with orders to lead the right flank during the Canadians' offensive on Rimini.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Cicchetti |first=Stefano |date=21 September 2021 |title=Chi erano i Greci che liberarono Rimini |trans-title=Who were the Greeks who liberated Rimini? |url=https://archivio.chiamamicitta.it/chi-erano-i-greci-che-liberarono-rimini/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Chiamamicitta |language=it-IT}}</ref> The Greeks were notorious for their poor behaviour towards locals and consequently ordered not to pass underneath the railway that bisected Riccione.<ref name=":0" /> On the night of 12–13 September, a second attack on San Lorenzo, supported by the 3rd Greek Battalion and the [[20th Battalion (New Zealand)|20th New Zealand Armoured Regiment]], claimed the church after four and a half hours.<ref name=":02" /> The church was destroyed.<ref name=":712">{{Cite web |last=Masini |first=Manlio |date=18 October 2022 |title=San Lorenzo in Strada ritrova la sua amata chiesa parrocchiale |trans-title=San Lorenzo in Strada finds its beloved parish church again |url=https://www.corriereromagna.it/archivio/san-lorenzo-in-strada-ritrova-la-sua-amata-chiesa-parrocchiale-CUCR414574 |access-date=28 December 2023 |website=[[Corriere Romagna]] |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=I Cimiteri di Guerra tra Romagna e Marche |trans-title=The War Cemeteries between Romagna and the Marche |url=https://www.lacittainvisibile.it/la-seconda-guerra-mondiale/un-itinerario/i-cimiteri-di-guerra.html |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=La Città Invisibile |language=it}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Battle==<br />
<br />
=== 13–14 September: Battle of Monaldini and Monticelli ===<br />
[[File:Rimini Cemetery Lecythus.jpg|thumb|A [[Lekythos|lecythus]] in [[Athens War Museum]] containing ground from the Hellenic Military Cemetery in [[Riccione]]]]<br />
On 13 September, the 3rd Greek Mountain Brigade, supported by the combined armour and infantry of the B squadron of the 20th New Zealand Armoured Regiment and the [[22nd Battalion (New Zealand)|22nd Motor Battalion]] from the [[2nd New Zealand Division]], launched an attack to take Rimini. Supporting the brigade were infantry, mortars and machine guns from the Canadian [[Saskatoon Light Infantry]], and 33 [[Ordnance QF 17-pounder|17pdr guns]] from New Zealand.<br />
<br />
Initially, the Greeks attacked Monaldini and Monticelli, two small agricultural hamlets about {{Convert|500|m|ft|abbr=off}} southwest of San Lorenzo. The settlements were defended by the 1st Parachute Division and some ''[[Osttruppen]]'' described as Turkomen (likely a Turkestani ''[[Ostlegion]]'' battalion from the [[162nd Turkoman Division]]).<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Santini |first=Simone |date=24 September 2020 |title=Quando i neozelandesi liberarono Rimini |trans-title=When the New Zealanders liberated Rimini |url=https://www.ilponte.com/quando-i-neozelandesi-liberarono-rimini/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Il Ponte |language=it-IT}}</ref> The Germans were well prepared and held off the Greeks, who lost almost one hundred troops,<ref name=":3" /> more than a third of the troops engaged since the beginning of the action.<ref name=":5" /><br />
<br />
During the night of 13–14 September, the 1st Canadian Brigade gathered on the southern bank of the [[Marano (river)|Marano Stream]], north of San Lorenzo in Strada. The Greeks launched a night attack at 02:00, supported by the 3rd Canadian Brigade, followed by the 1st Canadian Brigade at 06:30.<ref name=":4" /><br />
<br />
On 14 September, 7 and 8 troops of the B Squadron were added to the attack on Monaldini. Soon after, a platoon from 22nd Motor Battalion aided the attack on Monticelli with the support of 5 and 6 Troops' [[Sherman tank]]s. By 20:00, Monaldini had been taken with only light casualties. The Greek and New Zealand forces turned to Monticelli, but the German defenders abandoned the settlement as soon as they approached.<ref name=":5" /><br />
<br />
=== 15–17 September: Battle of Rimini Airfield ===<br />
[[File:Αναμνηστικό της ΙΙΙ Ελληνικής Ορεινής Ταξιαρχίας, ΙΙΙ Ε. Ο. Τ. «Ρίμινι».jpg|thumb|Banner of the 3rd Greek Mountain Brigade commemorating the battle of Rimini (Athens War Museum)]]<br />
On 15 September, the Greeks launched an assault on [[Federico Fellini International Airport|Rimini airfield]], west of the village of [[Miramare di Rimini|Miramare]]. The airfield had been used as a [[prisoner-of-war camp]] for captured Allied soldiers.<ref name=":52">{{Cite journal |last=Malizia |first=Nicola |year=2011 |title=La nascita del "Giannetto Vassura" |trans-title=The birth of the "Giannetto Vassura" |url=https://www.rotaryrimini.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/ar_48_ARIMINUM-genn-febbr-low.pdf |journal=Ariminum |series=January–February 2011 |language=it-IT |location=Rimini |publisher=[[Rotary International|Rimini Rotary Club]] |issue=1 |pages=10–12}}</ref><br />
<br />
At 10:00, the 1st Greek Battalion crossed the Marano Stream at the southern end of the airfield, and immediately came under intense fire from German positions around the airfield. The Greeks halted to reorganise themselves for an attack. C Squadron of the [[18th Battalion (New Zealand)|18th New Zealand Armoured Regiment]] relieved B Squadron 20th Armoured Regiment in the line supporting the Greeks.<ref>Kay (1967), [http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2-2Ita-c5-4.html#n222 p. 222]</ref> After requesting air support, Allied fighter and bomber planes attacked the western side of the airfield, and the Greeks attacked shortly afterwards.<br />
<br />
The 1st Greek Battalion, which attacked the airfield, was heavily resisted. Fire from the airfield inflicted heavy casualties on the advancing Greeks; however, support from the New Zealand tanks and infantry was well-coordinated as one of the New Zealand officers spoke Greek. The tanks fired on each house lining the south of the airfield to ensure that they were not occupied. As the Greeks and New Zealanders approached the defensive positions, they came under fire from infantry, ''[[Panzerschreck]]'' anti-tank rockets, self-propelled guns, and emplaced [[Panzer V|Panther]] turrets. The heavy fire pinned the advance just short of the airfield. Meanwhile, the tanks edged around a hedgerow to avoid the anti-tank fire, but soon found themselves at the forefront of the attack. A German self-propelled gun knocked out a Sherman, but the New Zealanders continued forward and knocked out enemy positions with high-explosives and grenades, forcing the Germans to withdraw from their positions. The crew of a Panther turret abandoned it during the night.<br />
<br />
Separately, the 2nd Greek Battalion, to the right of the 1st Greek Battalion, attacked up the Via Flaminia, but became separated from their supporting New Zealand tanks. The Greeks were halted by mines and heavy defensive fire from the eastern side of the airfield and nearby houses.<br />
<br />
On the left flank, the 3rd Greek Battalion attacked the hamlet of Casalecchio, a crossroads with a few houses and a church, supported by New Zealand tanks and infantry. The Greeks quickly cleared the houses, but the church was defended by paratroops. A combined attack by Greek and New Zealand infantry and tanks drove the paratroopers out. Heavy machine-gun and mortar fire from the airfield halted any further advance.<br />
<br />
On 16 September, the Greeks continued to mop up around the airfield, most of which they held, though one Panther turret was still in operation. The 3rd Greek Battalion advanced up the left through the hedges and ditches beyond Casalecchio until they came level with the 1st Greek Battalion in the centre. They were under constant fire and had to clear several landmines. On the right flank, the 2nd Greek Battalion advanced. Anti-tank fire was lighter than the previous day.<br />
<br />
On 17 September, the three Greek battalions continued their advance. Several attempts were made to knock out the remaining Panther turret with aircraft and artillery, but it finally fell to one of the New Zealand Shermans working around its flank. It fired several anti-tank rounds into the turret before the crew eventually evacuated.<ref>Kay (1967), [http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2-2Ita-c5-4.html#n223 p. 223]</ref> With the airfield was taken, the 3rd Greek Mountain Brigade turned its attention towards Rimini itself.<br />
<br />
=== 18–20 September: Approaching Rimini ===<br />
With the airfield captured, the offensive to retake Rimini began in earnest on 18 September.'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223">{{Cite journal |last=Montemaggi |first=Andrea |year=2014 |title=L'offensiva della Linea Gotica |trans-title=The offensive of the Gothic Line |url=https://www.rotaryrimini.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Ariminum-Settembre-Ottobre-2014.pdf |journal=Ariminum |series=September–October 2014 |language=it-IT |publisher=[[Rotary International|Rimini Rotary Club]] |pages=8–11 |access-date=14 February 2024}}</ref>''' The 2nd and 3rd Battalions pushed towards Rimini from the southeast. Supported by the New Zealand regiments, they encountered heavy resistance once again from the German paratroops. Meanwhile, to the southwest, the 1st Canadian Division was contesting the area of [[San Fortunato, Rimini|San Fortunato]], on the Covignano hill overlooking Rimini,'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />'''<ref name=":6" /> with over a million artillery strikes on the hill alone.'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />'''<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |last=Montemaggi |first=Andrea |title=Gli alleati conquistano Rimini |trans-title=The Allies conquer Rimini |url=https://www.rotaryrimini.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Ariminum-Settembre-Ottobre-2014.pdf |journal=Ariminum |series=September–October 2014 |language=it-IT |publisher=[[Rotary International|Rotary Club Rimini]] |pages=6–7}}</ref> The Canadian attack, which had broken the German defence by the morning of 20 September,'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />''' threatened the defending forces with being outflanked.<ref name="Kay225">Kay (1967), [http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2-2Ita-c5-5.html#n225 p. 225]</ref> Despite the [[2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays)|Queen's Bays]]' armoured column being destroyed at Montecieco, the German troops were forced to retreat to Vergiano and the [[Marecchia]] river, chased also by the Indian divisions returning from the [[Battle of San Marino]].'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />'''<br />
<br />
By 16:30 on 20 September, the battalions were in the southern outskirts of Rimini, with the 2nd Greek Battalion having captured the [[Madonna della Colonnella, Rimini|Church of Colonnella]].<ref name=":4" /> Rimini had been the site of 700 artillery strikes and 486 aerial raids,'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />'''<ref name=":6" /> and 90% of its buildings had been razed. [[Albert Kesselring]], in charge of the German defence in Italy, suggested that soldiers defend the city to exert maximum damage on the attacking forces. General [[Heinrich von Vietinghoff]] established a defensive line north of the Marecchia river, and persuaded Kesselring, also in light of a heavy rain that evening that began at 18:00, that any unsupported defence of the city would not last long. At 19:30, the German forces were ordered to retreat overnight.'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />'''<ref name=":6" /><br />
[[File:Arco d'Augusto Rimini 1944.jpg|thumb|150px|A tank in front of Rimini's [[Arch of Augustus (Rimini)|Arch of Augustus]] in 1944]]<br />
To slow down the Allied advance, buildings were demolished at street corners, alongside most bridges over the Marecchia River.<ref name=":9" /> Marshal Willi Trageser of the [[2nd Parachute Division (Germany)|2nd Parachute Division]] was charged with destroying both the [[Arch of Augustus (Rimini)|Arch of Augustus]] and the [[Ponte di Tiberio (Rimini)|Ponte di Tiberio]],<ref name=":03">{{Cite web |last=Montemaggi |first=Andrea |date=22 April 2021 |title=Il diavolo aveva un ponte, quello di Tiberio |url=https://www.ilrestodelcarlino.it/rimini/cronaca/il-diavolo-aveva-un-ponte-quello-di-tiberio-cpt6d4j7 |access-date=31 January 2024 |website=[[Il Resto del Carlino]] |language=it}}</ref> Rimini's definining [[Augustus|Augustan]] monuments at either end of its {{Lang|la|[[decumanus maximus]]}}.<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |date=21 April 2020 |title=History |url=https://riminiturismo.it/en/visitatori/scopri-il-territorio/arte-e-cultura/passato-presente/history |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=Rimini Turismo |language=en |archive-date=26 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126154449/https://riminiturismo.it/en/visitatori/scopri-il-territorio/arte-e-cultura/passato-presente/history |url-status=dead }}</ref> Trageser defied Lieutenant Kenneth Renberg's orders to demolish the arch, saying after the war:<ref name=":03" />{{Blockquote|text=I personally gave the order not to blow up the arch, taking full responsibility for it. It seemed absurd to me to destroy a historical monument of this kind to achieve no result, given that the arch was isolated in the middle of a square and, therefore, traffic could have continued perfectly well, both to the right and left of the monument itself.|author=Marshal Willi Trageser}}As for the Ponte di Tiberio, Trageser reported to his command that "the bridge had blown",<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Gambetti |first=Nicola |date=21 June 2023 |title=Monumenti sopravvissuti: il Ponte di Tiberio |url=https://riminisparita.it/monumenti-sopravvissuti-il-ponte-di-tiberio/ |access-date=29 January 2024 |website=Rimini Sparita |language=it-IT}}</ref> when instead, according to Trageser, several attempts to detonate the bridge had failed, leading to minimal damage.<ref name=":03" /><ref name=":12" /> Trageser was using low-quality [[ammonal]],<ref name=":03" /><ref name=":12" /> laid in {{Convert|100|kg|lb|abbr=off}} at the bridge's base and {{Convert|160|kg|lb|abbr=off}} across eight charges under the road surface. Only two charges exploded, which Trageser attributed to a crossing of wires along the bridge's gutter,<ref name=":03" /> causing small exploisons. The ammonal was also likely weakened by rain.<ref name=":03" /><ref name=":12" /> Colonel Horst Pretzell and Lieutenant Colonel [[Rudolf Rennecke]] later said that the German high command had ordered the bridge to be spared, though the order was not communicated to the evacuating troops.<ref name=":12" /> In any case, the Marecchia had flooded after heavy rainfall during the overnight retreat on 20–21 September 1944.<ref name=":7" /> Trageser's account was accepted by the German high command.<ref name=":03" /> According to the post-war account of a soldier involved in the detonations, the poor wire connections were intended by Trageser.<ref name=":03" /><ref name=":12" /> The Ponte di Tiberio was the only bridge not to be destroyed along the Marecchia during the German retreat.<ref name=":82">{{Cite web |last= |date=24 June 2020 |title=Ponte di Tiberio a Rimini: curiosità, storia e leggenda |trans-title=Ponte di Tiberio in Rimini: Curiosity, history, and legend |url=https://lemurinviaggio.com/ponte-di-tiberio-a-rimini-tra-storia-e-leggenda/ |access-date=30 January 2024 |website=Lemurinviaggio |language=it-IT}}</ref> On 29 January 1957,<ref name=":03" /> during road maintenance works,<ref name=":12" /> undetonated sticks of ammonal were found on the bridge, which was temporarily closed to ensure their safe removal.<ref name=":03" /><ref name=":12" /><br />
<br />
=== 21 September: Capture of Rimini ===<br />
[[File:Protocol of surrender of the city of Rimini - Athens War Museum.jpg|right|thumb|Protocol of surrender of the city of Rimini - Athens War Museum]]<br />
On the morning of 21 September, the 2nd Greek Battalion advanced towards the bridge over the [[Ausa (river)|Ausa]] in front of Rimini's city gates.'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />'''<ref name=":6" /> There they met two New Zealand officers scouting for access routes.'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />''' The battalion passed through the Arch of Augustus into Rimini's city centre. Informed by two inhabitants that the Germans had abandoned the city,'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />'''<ref name=":6" /> they called for New Zealand's tanks to enter the city through Piazza Malatesta and then Piazza Cavour.'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />''' The Canadians, attacking from the west, reached the Bridge of Tiberius before the Greeks.'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />'''<ref name=":6" /> Rimini was effectively a [[ghost town]], with few inhabitants remaining.<ref name=":7" />'''<ref name="barbaresi222222223" />'''<ref name=":6" /><br />
<br />
The Greeks raised the flag on the balcony of the city hall. At 07:45 on 21 September, the mayor unconditionally surrendered the city to the 3rd Greek Mountain Brigade with an official protocol written in Greek, English, and Italian.<ref name="Kay225" /> A ceremony was held in the afternoon, in the presence of the participating allied brigades.<ref name=":4" /> By the evening, the Canadian flag joined the Greek flag over the city hall.<ref name=":7" /><br />
<br />
==Legacy==<br />
[[File:20090802_athina_evzone49.jpg|right|thumb|The [[Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Athens)|Tomb of the Unknown Soldier]] in Athens. The inscription "ΡΙΜΙΝΙ" can be seen in the stone carved text right above the guard's foot.]]After the war, the 3rd Greek Mountain Brigade was called by the honorific title "Rimini Brigade" ({{lang|el|"Ταξιαρχία Ρίμινι"}}).<ref name=":2" /> 114 Greek soldiers are buried in a cemetery in Riccione's Fontanelle area, along the [[Via Flaminia]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2018 |title=Riccione. Seconda guerra mondiale, commemorazione dei militari greci morti per liberare il Riminese |trans-title=Riccione, Second World War: Commemoration of the Greek soldiers who died to liberate the Rimini area |url=https://lapiazzarimini.it/2018/riccione-seconda-guerra-mondiale-commemorazione-dei-militari-greci-morti-per-liberare-il-riminese/ |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=La Piazza |language=it-IT}}</ref> Gothic Line historian {{Interlanguage link|Amedeo Montemaggi|it||WD=}} suggested that the Allied command had assigned the Battle of Rimini to the provisional Greek government, who had asked for a prestigious military result, because of its feasibility and the city's proximity to the [[Rubicon]], made famous by [[Julius Caesar]]'s [[Crossing the Rubicon|crossing]], lending the battle a historical-cultural importance.<ref name=":4" /> In local memory, neither the Greeks nor the Canadians were remembered fondly for their treatment of the local population,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":7" /> with a local [[Romagnol]] saying: {{Lang|rgn|i n'era tendri}} (they weren't tender).<ref name=":4" />[[File:WWII Memorial for Greek soldiers, Rimini.jpeg|thumb|The Hellenic Military Cemetery in [[Riccione]], January 2006]]<br />
[[Oliver Leese]], the commander of the Eighth Army, which was engaged in the nearby [[Battle of Coriano]], called the battle to take Rimini "one of the hardest battles of the Eighth Army ... comparable to [[Battle of El Alamein|El Alamein]], [[Battle of the Mareth Line|Mareth]], and the [[Gustav Line]] ([[Battle of Monte Cassino|Monte Cassino]])".<ref>{{Cite book |last=McKelvey Cleaver |first=Thomas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNN1CwAAQBAJ |title=The Bridgebusters: The True Story of the Catch-22 Bomb Wing |date=10 May 2016 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |isbn=978-1-62157-543-6 |pages=156 |language=en}}</ref> 6,668 civilian and military fatalities were officially recorded, with over 6,000 injured and missing.<ref name=":9" /> Within 37 days of the Battle of Rimini, over 10,000 soldiers had died between the Allied and [[Axis powers|Axis]] forces.<ref name=":2" /> In Coriano, the [[Coriano Ridge War Cemetery]] numbers 1,939 Allied soldiers,<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=Cimitero di guerra inglese |trans-title=English War Cemetery |url=https://terredicoriano.it/scoprire/cimitero-di-guerra-inglese/ |access-date=8 March 2024 |website=Terre di Coriano |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref name=":42">{{Cite web |title=Coriano Ridge War Cemetery |url=https://www.cwgc.org/visit-us/find-cemeteries-memorials/cemetery-details/2004100/coriano-ridge-war-cemetery/ |access-date=8 March 2024 |website=[[Commonwealth War Graves]]}}</ref> of which fifty were buried unidentified. There are also Anglo-Canadian cemeteries in Montecchio (near [[Vallefoglia]]; 582 burials) and [[Gradara]] (1,192 burials), and an Indian cemetery (618 burials) on the [[San Marino Highway]].<ref name=":2" /><br />
<br />
On 16 January 1961, [[Giovanni Gronchi]], [[President of Italy]], gave the city of Rimini the [[Award for Civil Valor|Gold Medal for Civil Valour]] by presidential decree, with the following motivation:<ref name=":9" /><br />
<br />
{{blockquote|Faithful to its most noble traditions, [Rimini] suffered stoically the most serious destructions of the war, and took a very valid part in the liberation struggle, attesting, with the sacrifice of numerous of her children, her most pure faith in a better, free, and democratic Italy.|sign=|}}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
===Notes===<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
===Sources===<br />
* {{cite book| last1=Jackson| first1=General Sir William| last2=Gleave| first2=Group Captain T.P.|editor-last=Butler| editor-first=Sir James| editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler | series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series| title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume VI: Victory in the Mediterranean, Part 2 - June to October 1944| publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |year=2004| orig-year=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1987| isbn=1-84574-071-8| name-list-style=amp}}<br />
* {{cite book| url=http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2-2Ita.html |chapter-url=http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2-2Ita-c5-4.html| series=Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War 1939-1945| title=Italy Volume II: From Cassino to Trieste| first=Robin| last=Kay| location=Wellington, N.Z.| publisher=Historical Publications Branch, Department of Internal Affairs New Zealand| year=1967| chapter=Chapter 5, Section IV: The Rimini Corridor and Section V: The Capture of Rimini}}<br />
* {{cite book | first=Amedeo |last=Montemaggi | title=LINEA GOTICA 1944. La battaglia di Rimini e lo sbarco in Grecia decisivi per l'Europa sud-orientale e il Mediterraneo| publisher=Museo dell'Aviazione|location=Rimini | year=2002 }}<br />
* {{cite book | first=Amedeo |last=Montemaggi | title=LINEA GOTICA 1944: scontro di civiltà| publisher=Museo dell'Aviazione|location=Rimini | year=2006 }}<br />
* {{cite book | first=Amedeo |last=Montemaggi | title=CLAUSEWITZ SULLA LINEA GOTICA| publisher=Angelini Editore|location=Imola | year=2008 }}<br />
* {{cite book | first=Amedeo |last=Montemaggi | title=ITINERARI DELLA LINEA GOTICA 1944. Guida storico iconografica ai campi di battaglia| publisher=Museo dell'Aviazione|location=Rimini | year=2010 }}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{cite web| url=http://www.gothicline.org/inglese/offensiva/offensiva.htm| title=Battle of Rimini| work=Gothic Line website| last=Montemaggi| first=Amedeo| year=2002| access-date=2009-03-12| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081008025642/http://www.gothicline.org/inglese/offensiva/offensiva.htm| archive-date=2008-10-08| url-status=dead}}<br />
* [https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2-2Ita.html Italy Volume II : From Cassino to Trieste]<br />
<br />
{{Greece during World War II}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rimini, Battle Of}}<br />
[[Category:Battles and operations of the Italian campaign (World War II)]]<br />
[[Category:Italy in World War II]]<br />
[[Category:Land battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom|Rimini]]<br />
[[Category:Battles of World War II involving Canada]]<br />
[[Category:Battles and operations of World War II involving Greece]]<br />
[[Category:Battles of World War II involving New Zealand]]<br />
[[Category:Battles of World War II involving Germany]]<br />
[[Category:September 1944 in Europe]]<br />
[[Category:Military history of Emilia-Romagna|Rimini]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vallabh_Bhanshali&diff=543441Vallabh Bhanshali2026-01-26T10:29:22Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding First Bio More To Come</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian investment banker (born 1952)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Vallabh Bhanshali<br />
| image = <br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = <br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1952|03|04}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Pali Marwar]], [[India]]<br />
|alma_mater = [[Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics]]<br>[[University of Mumbai]]<br />
|citizenship = [[Indian people|Indian]]<br />
| occupation = [[Investment Banker]]<br />
| years_active = <br />
| known_for = Served on the board of directors for the [[Reserve Bank of India]]<br />
| notable_works = <br />
| spouse = {{marriage |Suraj Balai |1977}}<br />
| children = 3<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Vallabh Bhanshali''' (born 4 March 1952 in [[Pali Marwar]]) is an [[Indian people|Indian]] [[investment banker]],and [[venture capitalist]] best known for co-founding the [[Enam Group]] in 1984,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Menon |first1=Rashmi |title=ENAM Group's Vallabh Bhansali life mantra: Be passionate about your job |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/enam-groups-vallabh-bhansali-life-mantra-be-passionate-about-your-job/articleshow/55448181.cms?from=mdr |access-date=25 May 2023 |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=16 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Shah |first1=Palak |title=Enam to retain Rs 10,000-cr proprietary biz |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/markets/enam-to-retain-rs-10-000-cr-proprietary-biz-110111800047_1.html |access-date=27 November 2023 |work=[[Business Standard]] |date=21 January 2013 |location=[[Mumbai]]}}</ref> where he served as its chairman until 2018. He has previously served as a trustee on the first index committee at the [[Bombay Stock Exchange]], as a committee member for [[SEBI]], and served on the board of directors for the [[Reserve Bank of India]],<ref name="DNA">{{cite news |title=End of an innings for Vallabh Bhansali |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-end-of-an-innings-for-vallabh-bhansali-1468339 |editor-last=Mampatta |editor-first=Sachin P |access-date=25 May 2023 |work=[[DNA India]] |date=30 March 2018 |language=en}}</ref> and [[Axis Bank]].<ref name="ET"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Government has done everything which is reformist, difficult: Vallabh Bhanshali |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/expert-view/government-has-done-everything-which-is-reformist-difficult-vallabh-bhanshali/articleshow/55330188.cms?from=mdr |access-date=27 November 2023 |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=9 November 2016}}</ref><br />
<br />
==Education==<br />
He completed his undergraduation from [[Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics]] and his law degree from [[University of Mumbai]] and is also a [[chartered accountant]].<br />
==Career==<br />
As an investment banker, he is widely credited for aiding [[Narayan Murthy]] to bring [[Infosys]] to an [[IPO]] in 1993,<ref name="DNA" /> and the IPO of [[Coal India]] in 2010.<ref name="ET">{{cite news |title=Axis-Enam deal: The people behind |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/banking/finance/banking/axis-enam-deal-the-people-behind/articleshow/6945197.cms?from=mdr |access-date=25 May 2023 |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=18 November 2010}}</ref> A founding member for FLAME University and the Indian School of Public Policy,<ref>{{cite web |title=Distinguished Entrepreneur Series: A Fireside Chat with Vallabh Banshali and Chicago Booth Dean Madhav Rajan |url=https://polsky.uchicago.edu/event/distinguished-entrepreneur-series-a-fireside-chat-with-vallabh-banshali-and-chicago-booth-dean-madhav-rajan/ |website=Polsky Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation |publisher=[[University of Chicago Booth School of Business]] |access-date=25 May 2023 |date=28 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Amin |first1=Ruhail |title='New Universities Will Give Shape To New Culture' |url=https://www.businessworld.in/article/-New-Universities-Will-Give-Shape-To-New-Culture-/14-11-2016-108250/ |access-date=25 May 2023 |work=BW Businessworld |language=en}}</ref> he previously served as chairman of the [[Global Vipassana Foundation]],<ref>{{cite news |last1=Basu |first1=Rith |title=Mind detox with 10-day meditation |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/mind-detox-with-10-day-meditation/cid/1683691 |access-date=25 May 2023 |work=[[Telegraph India]] |date=4 February 2019 |language=en}}</ref> and was the host for the [[talkshow]] ''Kaun Hai Bharat Bhagya Vidhata'' on [[CNBC Awaaz]] in 2011.<ref name="DA">{{cite web |title=VALLABH BHANSHALI |url=https://www.deshapnayen.org/vallabh-bhanshali/ |website=Desh Apnayen Sahayog Foundation |access-date=25 May 2023}}</ref> In 2012, he also ventured into [[solar energy]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Obiko Pearson |first1=Natalie |title=Bhanshali’s Talma Chemical Completes India Solar-Power Facility |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-01-17/bhanshali-s-talma-chemical-completes-india-solar-power-facility |access-date=27 November 2023 |work=[[Bloomberg News|Bloomberg]] |date=17 January 2012 |language=en}}</ref> He has an honorary doctorate from [[Teerthanker Mahaveer University]],<ref name="DA" /> and is a [[fellow]] of the [[Institute of Chartered Accountants of India]].<ref>{{cite web |title=#6th VIPS 2022 - In conversation with Mr. Vallabh Bhanshali |url=https://cfasocietyindia.org/blog/6th-vips-2022-in-conversation-with-mr-vallabh-bhanshali/ |website=CFA Society India |access-date=25 May 2023 |date=28 November 2022}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhanshali, Vallabh}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:1952 births]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Marwari people]]<br />
[[Category:Indian bankers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian investors]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Indian chief executives]]<br />
[[Category:Indian television talk show hosts]]<br />
[[Category:Indian television personalities]]<br />
[[Category:Businesspeople from Rajasthan]]<br />
[[Category:Indian Jains]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian Jains]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian Jains]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian businesspeople]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian businesspeople]]<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhanshali, Vallabh}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shrimant_Madhavrao_Scindia_Cricket_Stadium&diff=478259Shrimant Madhavrao Scindia Cricket Stadium2026-01-25T14:03:03Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: </p>
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<div>{{Short description| Under construction stadium in Gwalior, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox venue<br />
| name = Shrimant Madhavrao Scindia Cricket Stadium<br />
| nickname = Gwalior International Stadium<br />
| logo_image = <br />
| address = Magnet City, Off Agra-Mumbai Highway, Gwalior West, [[Gwalior]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], India<br />
| city = Gwalior<br />
| country = India<br />
| image = Gwalior Stadium.png<br />
| caption = <br />
| image_size = <br />
| location = [[Gwalior West]], [[Gwalior]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], India<br />
| seating_type = [[Stadium seating]]<br />
| seating_capacity = 30,000 (First stage) & 50,000 (Final stage)<br />
| opened = 15 June 2024<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|26|14|05|N|78|07|31|E}}<br />
| tenants = {{Bulleted list| [[India national cricket team|India Men's National Cricket Team]] | [[Madhya Pradesh women's cricket team]] | [[Madhya Pradesh cricket team]] }}<br />
| website = [https://www.mpcaonline.com/page/gwalior-stadium Shrimant Madhavrao Scindia Cricket Stadium]<br />
| operator = [[Madhya Pradesh Cricket Association]]<br />
| owner = [[Madhya Pradesh Cricket Association]]<br />
| embedded = {{infobox cricket ground|embed=yes<br />
| ground_name = M. A. Chidambaram Stadium<br />
| establishment = <br />
| end1 = n/a<br />
| end2 = n/a<br />
| international = true<br />
| onlyt20idate = 6 October<br />
| onlyt20iyear = 2024<br />
| onlyt20ihome = India <br />
| onlyt20iaway = Bangladesh<br />
| lastt20idate = <br />
| lastt20iyear = <br />
| lastt20ihome = <br />
| lastt20iaway =<br />
<br />
| date = 6 October 2024<br />
| source = https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/ground/1447330.html ESPNcricinfo<br />
}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Shrimant Madhavrao Scindia Cricket Stadium''' is an international cricket stadium at Shankargarh which is located in [[Gwalior]]. It is constructed by the [[Madhya Pradesh Cricket Association]].<ref name=":0">{{citation |title=New Cricket Stadium near Gwalior |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/news/MP-GWA-new-cricket-stadium-gwalior-3935331-NOR.html |website=bhaskar.com}}</ref> The stadium is built on a land of 30 acres, which has been taken over by [[Madhya Pradesh Cricket Association]] under the supervision of cricketer and fast bowler Raja Naney from Malviya Nagar. The project will be completed in two stages, total seating capacity after final stage will be 50,000. The stadium is equipped with 9 playing pitches and full length boundary as per international dimensions, flood lights for night matches, practice ground and practice facility including indoor training centre, swimming pools, sauna bath, modern gym, dressing rooms for teams, match officials, anti doping requirements etc., washrooms with facilities like Jacuzzi tech., conference rooms, media rooms and 30 corporate boxes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Madhavrao Scindia Stadium |first=Gwalior International Cricket Stadium |date=15 June 2024 |title=Shrimant Madhavrao Scindia Stadium |url=https://www.mpcaonline.com/page/gwalior-stadium |access-date=8 October 2024 |website=Espn}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bhopal/scindia-blames-modi-mp-govt-for-plight-of-farmers/story-tuTyXv9ISZWZf2oHkJHAjL.html |title=Scindia blames Modi, up govt for plight of farmers |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>[https://www.mpcaonline.com/page/gwalior-stadium MPCA Stadium - Gwalior]</ref><br />
<br />
The stadium is situated at [[Gwalior West|Shankargarh]], [[National Capital Region (India)|Magnet City]] in [[Gwalior West]] on Mumbai Agra Highway. (Former National Highway 3).<br />
<br />
[[Captain Roop Singh Stadium]] is another stadium which has hosted world cup and other international matches in Gwalior.<ref name=":0" /><br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
Historically, [[Madhya Pradesh Cricket Association|MPCA]] has been staging International matches at cities of Gwalior and Indore.<br />
<br />
After the development of MPCA's own stadium at [[Indore]] ([[Holkar Stadium]]), the work for construction of stadium at [[Gwalior]] commenced in 2011 and appropriate sized land plot (approx. 30 acres) was procured. This land is situated off the Mumbai – Agra bypass and is about 8 kilometers from the heritage city of Gwalior.<br />
<br />
After developing the playfield, [[Madhya Pradesh Cricket Association|MPCA]] has initiated the work of stadium development. The project was to be completed in two stages viz. first stage with a capacity of approx. 30,000. Depending upon the situation, the stadium can be enhanced with an increased capacity by another 20,000, thus making the total capacity 50,000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Madhya Pradesh Cricket Association |url=https://www.mpcaonline.com/page/gwalior-stadium |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=www.mpcaonline.com |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
This stadium has been named after [[Madhavrao Scindia]] who was the BCCI president and [[Cabinet Minister (India)|Union Minister for Railways and Civil Aviation]] in the [[Government of India]] under PV Narasimha Rao's cabinet. He was a member of the [[Indian National Congress]], and was the son of [[Jiwajirao Scindia]], the last ruling [[Maharaja]] of the erstwhile [[Gwalior State]].<br />
<br />
== International Matches ==<br />
This stadium hosted the [[Bangladesh cricket team in India in 2024–25#1st T20I|opening T20I between India and Bangladesh]] scheduled on October 6, thus marking the inaugural international fixture at the city's new stadium, first in the city since the historic [[South African cricket team in India in 2009–10#2nd ODI|India-South Africa ODI in 2010]], where [[Sachin Tendulkar]] became the first cricketer to score a double century in ODIs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India vs South Africa, 2nd ODI at Gwalior, Feb 24 2010 - Full Scorecard|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/south-africa-tour-of-india-2009-10-428634/india-vs-south-africa-2nd-odi-441828/full-scorecard|access-date=2010-02-24|website=[[ESPNcricinfo]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Revised Schedule: Gwalior To Host India's 1st T20I vs Bangladesh On October 6 In Place Of Dharamsala {{!}} Cricket News |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/revised-schedule-gwalior-to-host-indias-1st-t20i-vs-bangladesh-on-october-6-in-place-of-dharamsala-6330468 |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=NDTVSports.com |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[Sports in Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
* [[Holkar Stadium|Holkar Stadium, Indore]]<br />
* [[Mahadji Scindia Sports Complex]]<br />
* [[Saifai International Cricket Stadium]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{List of cricket grounds in India}}<br />
{{Sport venues in Madhya Pradesh}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cricket in Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Sports venues in Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Sports venues in Gwalior]]<br />
[[Category:Cricket grounds in Madhya Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Sports venues completed in 2024]]<br />
[[Category:2024 establishments in India]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century architecture in India]]<br />
{{India-cricket-ground-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maharaja_Surajmal_Stadium_metro_station&diff=514798Maharaja Surajmal Stadium metro station2026-01-18T22:09:09Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Added some details initial version</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Metro station in Delhi, India}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2015}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}<br />
{{Infobox station<br />
| name = [[File:Delhi Metro logo.svg|50px]]<br />Maharaja Surajmal Stadium<br />
| type = {{Delhi Metro Infobox station line|line=Green}}<br />
| style = Delhi Metro<br />
| image = Maharaja Surajmal Stadium metro station.jpg<br />
| image_size = 94<br />
| image_caption = '''Maharaja Surajmal Jat Stadium Metro Station'''<br />
| address = Rohtak Rd, Nangloi, New Delhi, Delhi 110041<br />
| coordinates = {{Coord|format=dms|display=inline,title}}<br />
| line = {{rcb|Delhi Metro|Green|croute}}<br />
| other = <br />
| structure = [[Elevated]]<br />
| platform = {{ubl|[[Side platform]]|Platform-1 → {{ltl|Delhi Metro|Green|L}}|Platform-2 → {{ltl|Delhi Metro|Green|R|type=main}} / {{ltl|Delhi Metro|Green|R|type=branch}}}}<br />
| depth = <br />
| levels = 2<br />
| tracks = 2<br />
| parking = <br />
| bicycle = <br />
| opened = {{start date and age|2010|4|2|df=yes}}<br />
| closed = <br />
| rebuilt = <br />
| electrified = {{25 kV 50 Hz}} through [[Overhead line|overhead catenary]]<br />
| accessible = Yes {{access icon}}<br />
| code = {{#property:P296}}<br />
| owned = [[Delhi Metro Rail Corporation]]<br />
| zone = <br />
| smartcardname = <br />
| smartcardstatus = <br />
| former = <br />
| passengers = 3,333 /day<br />103,335/ Month average<br />
| pass_year = Jan 2015<br />
| pass_rank = <br />
| pass_percent = <br />
| pass_system = <br />
| mpassengers = <br />
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Delhi Metro|line=Green|left=Nangloi|right=Udyog Nagar}}<br />
| route_map = {{Delhi Metro Green Line Route}}<br />
| map_state = collapsed<br />
| mapframe = yes<br />
| mapframe-marker = rail<br />
| mapframe-marker-color = #{{rail color|Delhi Metro|Green}}<br />
| mapframe-zoom = 14<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Maharaja Surajmal Stadium''' is a station on the [[Green Line (Delhi Metro)|Green Line]] of the [[Delhi Metro]] and is located in the [[West Delhi]] [[Districts of Delhi|district]] of [[Delhi]]. It is an elevated station and was inaugurated on 2 April 2010.<ref name="Green1">{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/newdelhi/Metro-s-Green-Line-opened/Article1-526172.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606122515/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/newdelhi/Metro-s-Green-Line-opened/Article1-526172.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 June 2011|title=Metro's Green Line opened|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=2010-04-02|access-date=2010-05-25}}</ref><ref name="Green2">{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/transportation/railways/Delhi-Metro-to-add-fifth-line-tomorrow/articleshow/5751009.cms|title=Delhi Metro to add fifth line tomorrow|publisher=[[The Economic Times]]|date=2010-04-01|access-date=2010-05-25}}</ref><br />
<br />
==History==<br />
Maharaja Surajmal Singh Stadium metro station's name is kept on the famous Indian Jat ruler [[Suraj Mal|Maharaja Surajmal]] who defeated the invading Afgan army of [[Ahmad Shah Durrani|Ahmad Shah Abdali]]. He also fought against the [[Mughals]] by uniting the Jats of that time.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}<br />
<br />
== Station layout ==<br />
{|table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3<br />
|style="border-top:solid 1px grey;border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" width=50 rowspan=4 valign=top|'''L2'''<br />
|style="border-top:solid 1px grey;border-right:solid 2px black;border-left:solid 2px black;border-bottom:solid 2px black;text-align:center;" colspan=2|<small>[[Side platform]] | Doors will open on the left {{access icon}}</small><br />
|-<br />
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" width=100|<span style=color:#{{rcr|Delhi Metro|Green}}>'''Platform 2'''<br/>'''Eastbound'''</span><br />
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" width=500|Towards → {{ltl|Delhi Metro|Green|R|type=main}} / {{ltl|Delhi Metro|Green|R|type=branch}}<br><small>'''Next Station:''' {{stl|Delhi Metro|Udyog Nagar}}</small><br />
|-<br />
|<span style=color:#{{rcr|Delhi Metro|Green}}>'''Platform 1'''<br/>'''Westbound'''</span><br />
|<span style=color:white></span>Towards ← {{ltl|Delhi Metro|Green|L}}<br><small>'''Next Station:''' {{stl|Delhi Metro|Nangloi}}</small><br />
|-<br />
|style="border-top:solid 2px black;border-right:solid 2px black;border-left:solid 2px black;border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" colspan=2 align=center|<small>[[Side platform]] | Doors will open on the left {{access icon}}</small><br />
|-<br />
|valign=top|'''L1'''<br />
|valign=top|Concourse<br />
|valign=top|Fare control, station agent, Metro Card vending machines, crossover<br />
|-<br />
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px grey;border-top:solid 1px grey;" width=50 valign=top|'''G'''<br />
|style="border-top:solid 1px grey;border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" width=100 valign=top|Street level<br />
|style="border-top:solid 1px grey;border-bottom:solid 1px grey;" width=500 valign=top|Exit/Entrance<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Facilities==<br />
<br />
List of available [[Cash machine|ATM]] at Surajmal Stadium metro station are<br />
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.delhimetrorail.com/ATM_details.aspx |title=DMRC : ATM Details |website=www.delhimetrorail.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151024082331/http://www.delhimetrorail.com/ATM_details.aspx |archive-date=2015-10-24}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[List of Delhi Metro stations]]<br />
*[[Transport in Delhi]]<br />
*[[Delhi Metro Rail Corporation]]<br />
*[[Delhi Suburban Railway]]<br />
*[[Rapid transit in India|List of rapid transit systems in India]]<br />
<br />
{{Clear}}<br />
{{Portal bar|Transport|Engineering}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist|30em}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
{{Commons|Delhi Metro}}<br />
* [http://www.delhimetrorail.com/ Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (Official site)]<br />
* [http://www.delhimetrorail.com/annual_report.aspx/ Delhi Metro Annual Reports]<br />
* {{cite web|title=Station Information |work=Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (DMRC) |url=http://www.delhimetrorail.com/commuters/station_information.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619035828/http://delhimetrorail.com/commuters/station_information.html |archive-date=19 June 2010 |df=dmy}}<br />
* [http://www.urbanrail.net ''UrbanRail.Net''] – descriptions of all metro systems in the world, each with a schematic map showing all stations.<br />
<br />
{{Delhi Metro}}<br />
{{Delhi & NCR Metro stations|green line=yes}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 2010]]<br />
[[Category:Delhi Metro stations]]<br />
[[Category:Railway stations in West Delhi district]]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Delhi-metro-stub}}<br />
{{Delhi-railstation-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Varsha_Ashwathi&diff=543678Varsha Ashwathi2026-01-18T18:01:17Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding Basic Data More To Come...</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian actress (born 1989)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox person<br />
|name = Varsha R Ashwathi<br />
|image =<br />
|caption = <br />
|birth_name = Varsha R Ashwathi<br />
|birth_date ={{birth date and age|1989|4|22|df=y}}<br />
|birth_place = [[Kolkata]], India<br />
|death_date = <br />
|death_place = <br />
|other_names = <br />
|occupation = [[Actress]]<br />
|years_active = 2009–2014<br />
|website = http://www.varshaashwathi.com<br />
}}<br />
'''Varsha R Ashwathi''' (born 22 April 1989) is an Indian former actress, who appeared in Tamil films. Varsha won the 'Miss Beautiful' title in the 2006 "Miss" [[Chennai]] contest.<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/etcetera-tale-with-a-twist/article4153649.ece |author=Nikhil Raghavan |title=Etcetera: Tale with a twist |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=9 April 2013 |access-date=23 August 2013}}</ref> In the year 2009, Varsha made her acting debut in [[Tamil film]] ''[[Peraanmai]]'' which co-starred [[Jeyam Ravi]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/etcetera-a-lot-to-look-forward-to/article4541721.ece |author=Nikhil Raghavan |title=Etcetera: A lot to look forward to |newspaper=The Hindu |date=23 March 2013 |access-date=23 August 2013}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
After appearing in the [[Miss Chennai]] pageant, Varsha's film career began with award-winning director [[S. P. Jananathan]]'s film ''[[Peraanmai]]'', in which she played the character of Thulasi an NCC girl. In 2012, Varsha played an IPS Officer 'Agnes' in ''[[Neerparavai]]'', where she acted with [[Nandita Das]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/article1348999.ece |title=I'm blessed to have worked with stars: Varsha Ashwathi |newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]] |date=22 November 2012 |access-date=23 August 2013 |archive-date=24 March 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130324101649/http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/article1348999.ece }}</ref> Varsha later performed in ''[[Nagaraja Cholan MA, MLA]]''. She shot for the Tamil films ''[[Panivizhum Malarvanam]]'',<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130316/entertainment-kollywood/article/varsha-turns-action-heroine |title=Varsha turns action heroine |newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |author=Anupama Subramanian |date=16 March 2013 |access-date=23 August 2013 |archive-date=19 March 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130319093607/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130316/entertainment-kollywood/article/varsha-turns-action-heroine }}</ref> ''[[Endrendrum Punnagai]]''<ref>{{cite news |url=http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/article1505587.ece |title=I just want good scripts: Varsha Ashwathi |author=Rinku Gupta |newspaper=The New Indian Express |date=18 March 2013 |access-date=23 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907182709/http://newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/article1505587.ece |archive-date=7 September 2014 }}</ref> and ''[[Kangaroo (2015 film)|Kangaroo]]''.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130823/entertainment-kollywood/article/saamy%E2%80%99s-new-avatar |author=Anupama Subramanian |title=Saamy's new avatar |newspaper=Deccan Chronicle |date=23 August 2013 |access-date=23 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907182900/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/130823/entertainment-kollywood/article/saamy%E2%80%99s-new-avatar |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 September 2014 }}</ref> Varsha made her debut in the Malayalam film industry with the unreleased film ''Don’t Worry Be Happy''. In the film directed by Shaison Ouseph, she plays a TV anchor of a reality show involving seven married couples.<ref name=autogenerated1 /><br />
<br />
== Filmography ==<br />
*''All films are in Tamil, unless otherwise noted.''<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable" class="wikitable"<br />
! Year<br />
! Film<br />
! Role<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| 2009|| ''[[Peraanmai]]'' || Thulasi || credited as Maha<br />
|-<br />
| 2012|| ''[[Neerparavai]]'' || Agnes|| <br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2"|2013|| ''[[Nagaraja Cholan MA, MLA]]'' || Amudha ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Endrendrum Punnagai]]'' ||Parvi ||<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3"| 2014|| ''[[Panivizhum Malarvanam]]'' || Malar ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Athithi (2014 film)|Athithi]]'' || Lakshmi ||<br />
|-<br />
| ''[[Kangaroo (2015 film)|Kangaroo]]'' || Chellam ||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ashwathi, Varsha}}<br />
[[Category:1989 births]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses from Kolkata]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]<br />
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deshastha_Brahmin_surnames&diff=459139Deshastha Brahmin surnames2026-01-17T17:16:22Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: basic refined references after review and added references</p>
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<div>{{Short description|none}}<br />
{{Multiple issues|<br />
{{original research|date=February 2023}}<br />
{{More citations needed|date=February 2023}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''[[Deshastha Brahmin]] surnames''' are derived by adding the suffix '''kar''' or '''e''' to the village from which the family originally hailed.{{sfn|Chopra|1982|p=52}} For example, Akhegaonkar came from the village Akhegaon, Bidkar came from the town of Bid, Jugade came from the village Jugad, Mulik came from district Muluk and some links say Mulikwadi from Konkan area,Yadwadkar came from Yadwad Nagpurkar comes from the city [[Nagpur]], Virkar came from the village Vira or Veer,<ref>{{cite book|title=Journal, Volumes 5-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NEMQAAAAIAAJ|publisher=Asiatic Society of Bombay|year=1979|page=236|quote=Vīra, the village granted, is certainly the modern Vir, from which the surname Virkar among Desastha Brāhmaṇs is derived.}}</ref> the Marathi poet V. V. Shirwadkar, colloquially known as ''[[Kusumagraj]]'', came from the town of Shirwad, Dharwadkar from the town of [[Dharwad]], and Bijapurkar from the town of [[Bijapur, Karnataka|Bijapur]] in Karnataka.<ref>{{cite book|title=Forgotten Heroes of India's Freedom Struggle: A Who's Who, British Secret Documents|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nBluAAAAMAAJ|page=45|author=Prabha Chopra|publisher=Delhi Agam Prakashan|year=1992|isbn = 9780836427738|quote=Bijapurkar, Vasudeo G., Deshastha Brahmin, son of Govindji Bijapurkar, residence Rangoon, Burma.}}</ref> Examples of Surnames with suffix '''e''' are [[Kasture]], [[Deshpande]], [[Purandare]] etc.<br />
<br />
Deshasthas historically resident in Southern India also use directly the town name where they originally hail from without any suffix. For examples Diwan [[T. Madhava Rao|Tanjore Madhava Rao]] came from the town of [[Thanjavur]], Diwan [[Kanchi Krishnaswamy Rao]] or Historian [[Conjeevaram Hayavadana Rao]] from the town of [[Kanchipuram]] also known as Conjeevaram in [[Tamil Nadu]], Civil servant [[Gurunath Venkatesh Bewoor]] from the village [[Bevoor|Bewoor]], poet [[V. K. Gokak]] from the city of [[Gokak]], [[Mysore Sadashiva Rao]] from the city of [[Mysore]] in [[Karnataka]], artist [[N. S. Bendre]] from the village of Bendri in [[Madhya Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Bendré: The Painter and the Person|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G-zVAAAAMAAJ|page=4|author=Ram Chatterjee|publisher=Bendré Foundation for Art and Culture & Indus Corporation|year=1990|quote=Nana, as he was known to close friends and family members, was born on 21 August 1910, in a Deshastha Brahmin (Rigvedi) family, whose family deity is Narasimha.}}</ref><br />
<br />
Some [[Deshastha Brahmin]] surnames are also derived from their gotra name of rishi For example, prominent Marathi writer, a poet [[Pralhad Keshav Atre]] popularly known as [[Acharya Atre]] surname "Atre" came from the gotra Atri.<ref name="iwi74">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AsU7R69gqDIC|title=The Illustrated Weekly of India, Volume 95|publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company, Limited, at the Times of India Press|page=31|year=1974|quote=Marathi literature is strewn with Deshastha writers. Some of the luminaries are B. S. Murdhekar, the neoclassical poet and critic; the popular dramatists' Acharya P. K. Atre, V.V.Shirwadkar; the poet and story writer G.D.Madgulkar popularly known as the "Modern Walmiki” of Maharashtra, Sahitya Akademi Award winners G. T. Deshpande, Laxmanshastri Joshi, S. N. Banhatti, V. K. Gokak and Mugali all belong to this community.}}</ref><br />
<br />
Deshasthas also use the occupation or profession they did as their surnames such as [[Joshi]] means astrologer, [[Vaidya]] means doctor. Deshasthas who were manufacturers of [[Salt]] and who did trading of salt in the state of [[Karnataka]] adopted Uppu or Vuppu as their surnames which means Salt in [[Kannada language|Kannada]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Karnataka State Gazetteer: Mandya|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JJoBAAAAMAAJ|page=78|publisher=Director of Printing, Stationery and Publications at the Government Press|year=1967|quote=This term means manufacturers of salt (uppu).}}</ref><br />
<br />
[[Deshastha Brahmins]] also use the surnames, which their ancestors got as titles or positions held like [[Kulkarni]], [[Deshpande]], [[Deshmukh]], Rajguru, Nirkhee, [[Fadnavis]], [[Gadkari]], Hatkar (हातकर) and [[Desai]] denote their professions.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hatekar|first1=Neeraj|title='Economic Backwardness' in History Deviation from a Eurocentric Theme|journal=IRIS Knowledge Foundation|page=32|publisher=Department of Economics, University of Mumbai, Mumbai|quote=Even then, it consistently legislated in favour of Maharas of Nagewadi in their disputes with Brahmins over the Patilki watan.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Kulkarni|first1=R.A|title=Maharashtra in the Age of Shivaji|date=1969|publisher=R.J. Deshmukh|page=32|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zJNirJVU9PUC&q=brahman+patilki|accessdate=2 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Chatterjee|first1=Ramananda|title=The Modern Review, Volume 16|year=1914|publisher=Modern Review Office|page=604|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1l_k7kNP95QC&q=+brahman+desai+patilki|accessdate=2 April 2018}}</ref> However, some of these names are also common to some other Marathi communities. For example, [[Deshpande]] and [[Kulkarni]] surnames are also found in the [[CKP]] caste. [[Deshmukh]] is also found in the [[Maratha]], [[CKP]] and [[Chitpawan]] and other castes. [[Patil (surname)|Patil]] is also found in the [[Maratha]] and several other castes.{{sfn|Jaffrelot|2005|p=10|ps=The balutedari formed the basic structure of the pre-colonial state as evident from the fact that the office of Patil and the Kulkarni had equivalents at the regional level, the Deshmukh and Deshpande (the latter was systematically a Brahmin whereas the former could be a Maratha or Brahmin).}}<ref name="IWI">{{cite journal |title=Their Surnames |journal=The Illustrated Weekly of India |volume=91 |issue=3|date=July 1970 |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |page=12 |quote=Generally speaking, excepting names such as Kulkarni, Thackerey, Chitnis, Deshmukh, Deshpande, which are common to many communities in Maharashtra, a C.K.P. can be recognised by his surname. }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Home, Family and Kinship in Maharashtra|editor1=Irina Glushkova |editor2= Rajendra Vora |publisher=Oxford University Press|page=118|quote= The wada tells us of a story of three generations of a family called Deshpande who belong to the Deshastha Brahmin caste. ....Spread all over Maharashtra as a result of this process, Deshastha Brahmans held, in particular, the office of kulkarni.}}</ref> [[Kulkarni]] means revenue collector and Joshi means astrologer.{{sfn|Karve|1968|p=161}} ''Ghaisas'', which means brave and is a rank during [[Rashtrakuta dynasty]] and is used as a surname by Deshastha Brahmins, [[Chitpavan|Chitpavan Brahmins]], and [[Karhade Brahmin]]s.<ref>{{cite book|title=Proceedings, Part 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PhBDAAAAYAAJ|page=431|publisher=Indian History Congress|year=2001|quote=The early use of the word Ghaisas in the form of Gahiyasahasa (brave), is met with in Radhanpur plate of Rashtrakuta Govinda, dated saka 730. Here the term Ghaisas denotes only position or rank and is not restricted to any particular section of Brahmans. This surname is found among the Desastha, Chitpavana and Karhade Brahmans of Maharashtra, in the present days.}}</ref><br />
<br />
Some [[Deshastha Brahmin]] surnames simply derived from their locations such as ''Nashikkar'' ''Nagarkar'' ''Mulik'' ''Muluk'' ''Neve''.{{sfn|Naik|2000|p=66}}<br />
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Some [[Deshastha Brahmin]] surnames simply describe physical and mental characteristics such as ''Hirve'' which means green or ''Buddhisagar'' which literally translates to ''ocean of intellect'' or "Dharmik" or “Dharmik” which means "very religious".{{sfn|Naik|2000|p=66}}<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Deshastha Brahmin]]<br />
*[[List of Deshastha Brahmins]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
===Works cited===<br />
{{refbegin|2}}<br />
* {{Citation |last=Chopra |first=Pran Nath |year=1982 |title=Religions and communities of India |publisher=Vision Books |isbn=978-0-85692-081-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HAtuAAAAMAAJ}}<br />
* {{Citation |last=Jaffrelot |first=Christophe |year=2005 |title=Dr. Ambedkar and untouchability: fighting the Indian caste system |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-231-13602-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W1590ts70g0C}}<br />
* {{Citation |last=Karve |first=Irawati Karmarkar |year=1968 |chapter=Maharashtra - Land and Its People |title=Maharashtra State gazetteers - General series |volume=60 |publisher=Government of Maharashtra |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oLkLAQAAIAAJ}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Naik |first1=Gregory |title=Understanding Our Fellow Pilgrims |date=2000 |publisher=Gujarat Sahitya Prakash |isbn=978-81-87886-10-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4IXYAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*{{Further|wikt:Appendix:Indian_surnames_(Deshastha_Brahmin)|l1=List of Deshastha Brahmin surnames}}<br />
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[[Category:Brahmins]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidham_Hari_Singh&diff=535690Sidham Hari Singh2026-01-15T19:33:47Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding Some Bio W/ Infobox...</p>
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<div>{{use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}<br />
{{use Indian English|date=February 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox settlement<br />
| name = Sidhu Hari Singh<br />
| native_name = <br />
| native_name_lang = <br />
| settlement_type = Village <br />
| pushpin_map = India Punjab#India<br />
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India<br />
| coordinates = {{coord|31.1119788|N|75.6284397|E|display=inline,title}}<br />
| subdivision_type = Country<br />
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}<br />
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]<br />
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]<br />
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]<br />
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jalandhar district|Jalandhar]]<br />
| subdivision_type3 = <br />
| subdivision_name3 = <br />
| government_type = [[Panchayati raj (India)|Panchayat raj]]<br />
| governing_body = [[Gram panchayat]]<br />
| unit_pref = Metric<br />
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion --><br />
<!-- for references: use <ref>tags --><br />
| elevation_m = 240<br />
| population_as_of = 2011<br />
| population_footnotes =<br />
| population_total = 545<ref name=census>{{cite web|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/30236-sidhu-harisingh-punjab.html|title=Sidhu Hari Singh Population per Census 2011|work=census2011.co.in}}</ref><br />
| population_density_km2 = auto<br />
| population_note = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]] 265/280 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]<br />
| population_demonym = <br />
| demographics_type1 = Languages<br />
| demographics1_title1 = Official<br />
| demographics1_info1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<br />
| demographics1_title2 = <br />
| demographics1_info2 = <br />
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]<br />
| utc_offset1 = +5:30<br />
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]<br />
| postal_code = 144034<br />
| area_code_type = <br />
| area_code = <br />
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#PB.E2.80.94Punjab|PB]]- 08 <br />
| iso_code = IN-PB<br />
| blank1_name_sec2 =<br />
| blank1_info_sec2 =<br />
| website = {{URL|jalandhar.nic.in}}<br />
| footnotes =<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Sidhu Hari Singh''' is a village in the [[Jalandhar district]] of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] [[States and territories of India|State]], India. It is located 6.8&nbsp;km from [[Nurmahal]], 24.3&nbsp;km from [[Phillaur]], 30.5&nbsp;km from the district headquarters [[Jalandhar]] and 136&nbsp;km from state capital [[Chandigarh]]. The village is [[Administration (government)|administrated]] by a [[sarpanch]] who is an [[elected representative]] of the village as per [[Panchayati raj in India|Panchayati raj]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://villageinfo.in/punjab/jalandhar/phillaur/sidhu-harisingh.html | title=About the village | work=villageinfo.in}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Transport ==<br />
[[Nurmahal|Nurmahal Railway Station]] is the nearest [[train station]]; however, Phillaur Junction [[train station]] is 23.7&nbsp;km away from the village. The village is 53.7&nbsp;km away from the [[domestic airport]] in [[Ludhiana]] and the nearest [[international airport]] is located in Chandigarh. [[Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport]] is the second nearest airport which is 123&nbsp;km away in [[Amritsar]].<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Jalandhar district}}<br />
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[[Category:Villages in Jalandhar district]]<br />
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{{Jalandhar-geo-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zain_Khan_Sirhindi&diff=453345Zain Khan Sirhindi2026-01-14T21:08:25Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: further enhanced intro after review and updated info</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Mughal Faujdar of Sirhind, India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}<br />
'''Zain-ud-Din Khan''' known as '''Zain Khan Sirhindi''' (died 14 January 1764) was the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] [[Faujdar]] of [[Sirhind]], a serviceman of [[Shah Alam II]], and an ally of [[Najib ad-Dawlah|Najib-ud-Daula]] and [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]]. Zain Khan Sirhindi fought during the [[Third Battle of Panipat]] and strengthened Mughal rule in the region.<br />
<br />
== Biography ==<br />
Zain Khan was [[sipahsalar]] and a great noble at the court of [[Ahmed Shah Durrani]]. After the conquest of Delhi by Durrani, he held the [[subahdar]]ship of Sirhind<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.IiEvolutionOfSikhConfederacies1707-69 |title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. II Evolution Of Sikh Confederacies (1707-69) |language=English}}</ref>.<br />
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Zain Khan however soon grew notorious for plundering villages within his own territory as well as refusing to pay his own soldiers. Tahmas Khan was disgusted by Zain Khan's actions and he soon left his services and predicted that Zain Khan along with the city of Sirhind would fall.<ref name="Ahmad Shah Durrani, father of modern Afghanistan">{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Ganda |title=Ahmad Shah Durrani Father of modern Afghanistan |page=291 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.5426/page/n314/mode/1up}}</ref><br />
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Zain Khan supported the [[Durrani Empire|Durranis]] and participated in the ''[[Vadda Ghalughara|Vadda Ghallughara]]'' genocide of Sikhs that occurred on 5 February 1762.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Harbans |title=The Encyclopedia of Sikhism |publisher=Punjabi University, Patiala |volume=4: S-Z |pages=395–397}}</ref><br />
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In January 1764, [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]] led his sixth expedition to assist Sadat Yar Khan of [[Doab]] and Zain Khan Sirhindi and his [[Mughal Army]] which was later overrun outside [[Sirhind]], by 36,000 [[Sikh]] rebels led by [[Jassa Singh Ahluwalia]], who plundered [[Lahore]] and the upper [[Doab]].<ref name="beck">{{cite web|url=http://www.san.beck.org/2-10-Marathas1707-1800.html|title=Marathas and the English Company 1707-1818 by Sanderson Beck|publisher=san.beck.org|access-date=2015-04-10|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225084030/http://www.san.beck.org/2-10-Marathas1707-1800.html%20|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="google">{{cite book|title=Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-1: 1707-1803)|author=Chhabra, G.S.|date=2005|publisher=Lotus Press|isbn=9788189093068|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UkDi6rVbckoC|page=36|access-date=2015-04-10}}</ref><br />
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==Death==<br />
Zain Khan Sirhindi was defeated and killed by the [[Sikhs]] in the [[Battle of Sirhind (1764)]].<ref name="Singh">{{cite book|title=Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan |last1=Ganḍā |first1=Singh |year=1959|publisher=Asia Pub. House |isbn=978-1-4021-7278-6 |page=285|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F_A8AAAAMAAJ|access-date=2010-08-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Bhagata|first=Siṅgha|title=A History of the Sikh Misals|publisher=Publication Bureau, Punjabi University|year=1993|page= 181|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BihuAAAAMAAJ&q=charhat+singh|quote=...}}</ref><br />
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==Descendants==<br />
Zain Khan was originally from the Khan Khel (family) of Tarakzaī<ref>''State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan: Reign of Amir Dost Mohammad Khan'' by Christine Nicole (2012)</ref> [[Lal Pur District|Lalpura]] [[Mohmand (tribe)|Mohmands]]. His direct descendants are traced in the book "The Mohmands" by W. R. H. Merk. Most influential of them are the ones descended from the four sons of Nauroz Khan, who migrated to [[Peshawar]].<br />
<br />
Most influential member of the family is Khan Tahir Zaman Khan, who is living in Peshawar and has khani over lalpura.<br />
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{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}<br />
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==See also==<br />
*[[Shah Alam II]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
7. The Sikh Encyclopedia<br />
<br />
8. A Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West ..., Volume 3 Page 126<br />
<br />
9. W R H Merk - "The Mohmands"<br />
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10. Captain E.G.G. Hastings - Page 112 of Report of the regular settlement of the Peshawar district of the Punjab 1878<br />
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11. State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan<br />
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12. Hari Ram Gupta - Page 168 of History of the Sikhs: Evolution of Sikh confederacies, 1708-1769 (3rd rev. ed. 1978)<br />
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[[Category:Mughal soldiers]]<br />
[[Category:Indian warriors]]<br />
[[Category:18th-century Indian Muslims]]<br />
[[Category:Indian military personnel]]<br />
[[Category:People from Fatehgarh Sahib district]]<br />
[[Category:1764 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:18th-century Mughal Empire people]]<br />
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{{India-hist-stub}}</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sukriti_Kakar&diff=538085Sukriti Kakar2026-01-08T00:43:19Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding A Pg W/ Infobox...</p>
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<div>{{Short description|Indian singer (born 1995)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}<br />
{{Infobox musical artist<br />
| name = Sukriti Kakar<br />
| image = Sukriti Kakar walks the ramp at the Bombay Times Fashion Week 2022 (cropped).jpg<br />
| caption = Kakar in 2022<br />
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1995|05|08|df=y}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Delhi, India|Delhi]], India<br />
| genre = Bollywood, pop, rock, Hindustani classical<br />
| occupation = Singer<br />
| years_active = 2011–present<br />
| label = *Zee Music * T-Series * Saregama Music<br />
}}<br />
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'''Sukriti Kakar''' (born 8 May 1995) is an Indian singer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/the-arts/story/20160125-bollywood-music-playback-singer-gerua-talwar-masaan-828312-1999-11-29|title=Soft, sultry and soulful|website=indiatoday.intoday.in|date=30 November 1999 |access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref> born in [[New Delhi]]. Kakar rose to prominence after recording title song from the film ''[[Boss (2013 Hindi film)|Boss]]'' composed by [[Meet Bros]] which featured [[Yo Yo Honey Singh]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/Boss-Meet-Bros-Anjjan-Yo-Yo-Honey-Singh-Chirantan-Bhatt-Sanjay-Misra-Sonu-Nigam/articleshow/23461944.cms|title=Boss|website=The Times of India|date=4 October 2013 |access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref> Since then she has sung many songs most notably, "Kar Gayi Chull" from ''[[Kapoor & Sons]]''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.india.com/showbiz/kapoor-sons-music-album-of-alia-bhatt-sidharth-malhotra-fawad-khan-starrer-strikes-a-chord-with-the-audience-1021285/|title=Kapoor & Sons: Music album of Alia Bhatt, Sidharth Malhotra & Fawad Khan starrer strikes a chord with the audience|date=2016-03-10|website=India.com|access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref> which became a huge hit.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/article/lifestyle/showbiz/sidharth-kapoor-alia-bhatts-party-anthem-kar-gayi-chull-crosses-10-million-views/216869/|title=Sidharth Kapoor, Alia Bhatt's party anthem 'Kar Gayi Chull' crosses 10 million views|date=2016-02-27|website=The Financial Express|language=en-US|access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref><br />
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== Life and career ==<br />
<br />
=== 1995–2011: Early life ===<br />
Kakar studied arts at [[Mithibai College]] and was a B.M.M student at [[R. D. National College|R.D. National College]]. Since the very beginning, Kakar has grown up in a musical environment. Her mom has trained in [[Hindustani classical music]] for a very long time and was a music teacher at Balbharti Public School in [[Delhi]] for a long time. Her elder sister [[Akriti Kakar]] is also a playback singer and her twin sister [[Prakriti Kakar]], who is also a playback singer, realised her love for music at the age of 8 and started her career with "Katra Katra" in ''[[Alone (2015 Hindi film)|Alone]]'' (2015).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://urbanasian.com/interviews/2015/05/exclusive-akriti-kakkar-talks-about-her-sisters-music-and-judging-sa-re-ga-ma-pa/|title=Exclusive: Akriti Kakkar talks about her sisters, music and judging Sa Re Ga Ma Pa!|date=2015-05-27|website=UrbanAsian|language=en-US|access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref><br />
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=== 2012 – 2020: Bollywood releases ===<br />
Kakar began her career with the title song of ''[[Boss (2013 Hindi film)|Boss (2013)]]'', which was composed by [[Meet Bros]] Anjjan. Her next song was from the movie ''[[Hum Hai Raahi Car Ke]]'' (2013) title track. She next appeared in the track "Goti Song" from the movie ''[[Nasha (film)|Nasha]]'' (2013) with Akshay Deodhar and her twin sister [[Prakriti Kakar]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://gaana.com/artist/sukriti-kakkar|title=Sukriti Kakkar|website=Gaana.com|access-date=2016-06-22|archive-date=17 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617015217/http://gaana.com/artist/sukriti-kakkar/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kakar's performance in ''Mujhse Hogi Shurvaat'' was released by "[[Janaagraha|I Paid a Bribe]]" and The [[Shankar Mahadevan]] Academy as an initiative to tackle corruption. Apart from Kakar, the song is rendered by [[Shankar Mahadevan|Mahadevan]], [[Prakriti Kakar]] and Chetan Naik. The song was nominated in the best activist anthem category of [[83rd Academy Awards|Honesty Oscars 2014]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/shankar-mahadevans-song-nominated-for-honesty-oscars/article5734329.ece|title=Shankar Mahadevan's song nominated for Honesty Oscars|date=2014-02-28|newspaper=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref><br />
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In June 2015, she bagged her first hit, "Pheli Baar" from the movie ''[[Dil Dhadakne Do]]'', which was a massive hit which crossed over 4 million views on [[YouTube]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.radioandmusic.com/entertainment/editorial/news/sukriti-kakar-debuts-bollywood-pehli-baar-dil-dhadakne-do-150512|title=Sukriti Kakar debuts in Bollywood with 'Pehli Baar' from 'Dil Dhadakne Do'|website=www.radioandmusic.com|access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref> It was then she was offered to sing for the song "Jungli Peeke Tight Hai" <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/Kis-Kis-Ko-Pyaar-Karoon/articleshow/49013632.cms|title=Kis Kis Ko Pyaar Karoon|website=The Times of India|date=25 September 2015 |access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref> from ''[[Kis Kisko Pyaar Karoon]]'' (2015)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Kis-Kis-Ko-Pyaar-Karu-song-Jugni-Peeke-Tight/articleshow/48986096.cms|title=Kis Kis Ko Pyaar Karu song 'Jugni Peeke Tight'|website=The Times of India|date=16 September 2015 |access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref> starred [[Kapil Sharma (comedian)|Kapil Sharma]]. A year later in 2016, she lent her voice for ''[[Kapoor & Sons]]'' for the song "Kar Gayi Chull" along with [[Badshah (rapper)|Badshah]] & [[Neha Kakkar]].In 2017, she sang "Maine Tujhko Dekha" from [[Golmaal Again]] composed by [[Amaal Malik]] which itself was a remake from the 1997 film [[Ishq (1997 film)|Ishq]], composed by [[Anu Malik]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/interview-it-was-a-big-responsibility-sukriti-kakar-2551333 |title=Sukriti Interview on her hit songs and future work |date=2017-10-09 |work=DNA India |access-date=2019-09-12}}</ref><br />
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=== 2021 – Present: Pop music ===<br />
Beside filmy songs, Kakar has sung some non-filmy songs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sukriti-Prakriti: Finding ourselves in a studio is the one thing that brings us happiness - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/worldmusicday-sukriti-prakriti-finding-ourselves-in-a-studio-is-the-one-thing-that-brings-us-happiness/articleshow/83637185.cms|access-date=2021-09-19|website=The Times of India|date=19 June 2021 |language=en}}</ref> She along with her sister, [[Prakriti Kakar]] has sung "Mafiyan", "Kehndi Haan Kehndi Naa", "Majnu" and many more.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/interview-we-have-each-other-on-days-we-don-t-feel-inspired-twin-sisters-prakriti-kakar-and-sukriti-kakar-2760883 |title=Sukriti and Prakriti on Maafiyaan |date=2019-06-15 |work=DNA India |access-date=2019-09-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/prakriti-and-sukriti-kakar-to-launch-their-new-single-today/articleshow/69664752.cms |title=Prakriti and Sukriti Kakar to launch their new single today |date=2019-06-06 |work=Times of India |access-date=2019-09-12}}</ref><br />
<br />
In September 2021, the duo sisters along with [[Amaal Mallik]] collaborated with [[Dua Lipa]] for Indian remix version of [[Levitating (song)]], which became a global hit.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Twins Sukriti and Prakriti Kakar have launched the Indian remix of Dua Lipa's song Levitating|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/twins-sukriti-and-prakriti-kakar-have-launched-the-indian-remix-of-dua-lipas-song-levitating-253103|access-date=2021-10-10|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2021-03-26|title='This Is The Best'! Fans Are Loving Indian Remix of Levitating As Dua Lipa Collaborates With Amaal Mallik, Prakriti Kakar & Sukriti Kakar|url=https://www.india.com/entertainment/this-is-the-best-fans-are-loving-indian-remix-of-levitating-as-dua-lipa-collaborates-with-amaal-mallik-prakriti-kakar-sukriti-kakar-4537286/|access-date=2021-10-10|website=India News, Breaking News {{!}} India.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
In March 2021, Sukriti along with her sister [[Prakriti Kakar]] featured at No. 2 position on the global [[Billboard charts]] for their song "Naari".<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Nari by Sukriti and Prakriti Kakkar shines on Global Billboard Charts|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/women-power-228827|access-date=2021-10-10|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2021-03-23|title=सुकृति कक्कड़ के गाने 'नारी' ने मचाया धमाल, ग्लोबल बिलबोर्ड चार्ट्स पर कर रहा है ट्रेंड|url=https://www.tv9hindi.com/entertainment/sukriti-kakkar-and-prakriti-kakkar-song-naari-song-trending-at-no-2-on-global-billboard-chart-590769.html|access-date=2021-10-10|website=TV9 Bharatvarsh|language=hindi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|date=2021-03-20|title=Top Triller Global Chart|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/top-triller-global/2021-03-19|access-date=|magazine=Billboard}}</ref> Later that year in October, Kakar along with [[Prakriti Kakar]] featured at the [[Times Square]] in [[New York City]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=न्यू यॉर्क टाइम्स स्क्वायर पर सुकृति और प्रकृति कक्कड़, सिंगर्स ने बढ़ाई भारत की शान|url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/movie-masti/news-from-bollywood/sukriti-and-prakriti-kakar-represent-india-at-the-new-york-times-square-billboard/articleshow/87179291.cms|access-date=2021-10-26|website=Navbharat Times|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2021-10-21|title=Sukriti, Prakriti Kakkar light up iconic Times Square billboard|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/celebrities/sukriti-prakriti-kakkar-light-up-iconic-times-square-billboard-741467|access-date=2021-10-28|website=www.indiatvnews.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Discography ==<br />
<br />
=== Film songs ===<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable"<br />
|+<br />
!Year<br />
!Film<br />
!Song<br />
!Composer(s)<br />
!Writer(s)<br />
!Co-singer(s)<br />
!Ref.<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" |2013<br />
|''[[Boss (2013 Hindi film)|Boss]]''<br />
|"Boss (Title Track)"<br />
|[[Meet Bros]] Anjjan<br />
|[[Kumaar]]<br />
|Rap: [[Yo Yo Honey Singh]]<br />
|[[Boss (2013 Hindi film)#Music|1]]<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Hum Hai Raahi Car Ke]]''<br />
|"Hum Hai Raahi Car Ke (Title Track)"<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Sangeet-Siddharth]]<br />
|Sangeet-Siddharth<br />
|Chorus<br />
|[[Hum Hai Raahi Car Ke|2]]<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Nasha (film)|Nasha]]''<br />
|"Goti Song"<br />
|Radhika Anand<br />
|[[Prakriti Kakar]], Akshay Deodhar<br />
|[[Nasha (film)#Soundtrack|3]]<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |2015<br />
|''[[Dil Dhadakne Do]]''<br />
|"Pehli Baar"<br />
|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]<br />
|[[Javed Akhtar]]<br />
|[[Siddharth Mahadevan]]<br />
|[[Dil Dhadakne Do#Soundtrack|4]]<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Kis Kisko Pyaar Karoon]]''<br />
|"Jugni Peeke Tight Hai (v2.0)"<br />
|Amjad-Nadeem<br />
|[[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]<br />
|[[Divya Kumar (singer)|Divya Kumar]]<br />
|[[Kis Kisko Pyaar Karoon#Soundtrack|5]]<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" |2016<br />
|''[[Kapoor & Sons]]''<br />
|"Kar Gayi Chull"<br />
|[[Badshah (rapper)|Badshah]], [[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
|Badshah, Kumaar<br />
|Badshah, Fazilpuria, [[Neha Kakkar]]<br />
|[[Kapoor & Sons#Soundtrack|6]]<br />
|-<br />
|''A Scandal''<br />
|"Labon Se"<br />
|Amjad-Nadeem<br />
|[[Sameer Anjaan]]<br />
|[[Jubin Nautiyal]]<br />
|<ref>{{Citation|last=Zee Music Company|title=Labon Se – A Scandall {{!}} Reeth Mazumder Johny B Baweja{{!}} Jubin Nautiyal & Sukriti Kakar {{!}} Amjad Nadeem|date=2016-06-15|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFRtejU9FsU|accessdate=2016-06-22}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''[[Rustom (film)|Rustom]]''<br />
|"Rustom Wahi"<br />
|[[Raghav Sachar]]<br />
| rowspan="4" |[[Kumaar]]<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" |2017<br />
|''[[Golmaal Again]]''<br />
|"Maine Tujhko Dekha"<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Amaal Mallik]]<br />
|[[Neeraj Shridhar]]<br />
| rowspan="2" | [[T-Series (company)|15]]<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Noor (2017 film)|Noor]]''<br />
|"Jise Kehte Pyar Hai"<br />
| -<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" |2018<br />
|''[[Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety]]''<br />
|"Lakk Mera Hit"<br />
|[[Rochak Kohli]]<br />
|[[Mannat Noor]], [[Rochak Kohli]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Hate Story 4]]''<br />
|"Badnamiyaan (Female Version)"<br />
|Luvdeep Singh saini<br />
|[[Rashmi Virag]]<br />
| -<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Nawabzaade]]''<br />
|"Amma Dekh"<br />
|Gurinder Seagal<br />
|Gurinder Seagal, Boman<br />
|Gurinder Seagal, [[Ikka Singh|Ikka]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" | 2019<br />
|''[[Amavas]]''<br />
|"Finito"<br />
|[[Abhijit Vaghani]]<br />
|[[Kunaal Verma]], Ikka<br />
|[[Jubin Nautiyal]], Ikka<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|''[[Drive (2019 film)|Drive]]''<br />
|"Karma"<br />
|[[Amartya Bobo Rahut]]<br />
|Siddhant Kaushal<br />
| -<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-10|title=Drive song: Karma. Watch!|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/drive-song-karma-jacqueline-fernandez-channels-her-inner-beyonce-in-gold-watch/story-Uw097BIVtyxuw0YPQ8pIyI.html|access-date=2021-10-10|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2021<br />
|''[[Squad (2021 film)|Squad]]''<br />
|"Main Toh Tere Nashe Mein"<br />
|Amjad Nadeem Aamir<br />
|Amjad Nadeem<br />
| -<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Squad {{!}} Song - Main Toh Tere Nashe Mein {{!}} Entertainment|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/hindi/squad-song-main-toh-tere-nashe-mein/videoshow/87719890.cms|access-date=2021-11-25|website=[[Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2023<br />
|[[Pathaan (film)|''Pathaan'']]<br />
|"[[Jhoome Jo Pathaan]]"<br />
|[[Vishal–Shekhar]]<br />
|[[Kumaar]]<br />
|[[Arijit Singh]], Vishal–Shekhar <br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sukriti Kakar sings for Deepika Padukone in 'Jhoome Jo Pathaan' song, says 'dream come true' |url=https://zeenews.india.com/people/sukriti-kakar-sings-for-deepika-padukone-in-jhoome-jo-pathaan-song-says-dream-come-true-2552050.html |access-date=2022-12-22 |website=Zee News |language=en}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Non-film songs ===<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!Year<br />
!Title<br />
!Co-singer(s)<br />
!Ref.<br />
|-<br />
|2018<br />
|''Sudhar Ja''<br />
| rowspan="3" |[[Prakriti Kakar]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sukriti Kakar and Prakriti Kakar launch their new single 'Sudhar Ja'|url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/music-dance/sukriti-kakar-and-prakriti-kakar-launch-their-new-single-sudhar-ja-33342|access-date=2021-09-19|website=Mumbai Live|date=23 February 2019 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2019<br />
|''Mafiyaan''<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Latest Hindi Song 'Mafiyaan' Sung By Sukriti Kakar, Prakriti Kakar {{!}} Hindi Video Songs - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/hindi/latest-hindi-song-mafiyaan-sung-by-sukriti-kakar-prakriti-kakar/videoshow/69839098.cms|access-date=2021-09-19|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |2020<br />
|''Kehndi Haan Kehndi Naa''<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=VYRL Originals artists Sukriti and Prakriti launch the first track of 2020 "Kehndi Haan Kehndi Naa"|url=https://www.5dariyanews.com/news/279962-VYRL-Originals-artists-Sukriti-and-Prakriti-launch-the-first-track-of-2020-%E2%80%9CKehndi-Haan-Kehndi-Naa%E2%80%9D|access-date=2021-09-19|website=5 Dariya News}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''Out Of Control''<br />
|Sahil Arya<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Latest Hindi Song 'Out of Control' Sung By Sahil Arya, Sukriti Kakar {{!}} Hindi Video Songs - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/hindi/latest-hindi-song-out-of-control-sung-by-sahil-arya-sukriti-kakar/videoshow/74706193.cms|access-date=2021-09-19|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''Mashallah''<br />
|[[Prakriti Kakar]], THEMXXNLIGHT<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=THEMXXNLIGHT: Top industry folks in America have praised 'Mashallah' as a global track and a bridge between the industries - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/themxxnlight-top-industry-folks-in-america-have-praised-mashallah-as-a-global-track-and-a-bridge-between-the-industries/articleshow/75189090.cms|access-date=2021-09-19|website=The Times of India|date=17 April 2020 |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''Hum Tum''<br />
|[[Prakriti Kakar]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Watch New Hindi Hit Song Music Video - 'Hum Tum' Sung By Sukriti Kakar And Prakriti Kakar {{!}} Hindi Video Songs - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/hindi/watch-new-hindi-hit-song-music-video-hum-tum-sung-by-sukriti-kakar-and-prakriti-kakar/videoshow/79321494.cms|access-date=2021-09-19|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="4" |2021<br />
|''Sona Lagda''<br />
|[[Prakriti Kakar]], [[Sukhe]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sukriti and Prakriti collaborate with Punjabi singing sensation Sukh-E- for a special valentine song 'Sona Lagda'|url=http://www.radioandmusic.com/entertainment/editorial/news/210211-sukriti-and-prakriti-collaborate-punjabi|access-date=2021-09-19|website=www.radioandmusic.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''[[Levitating (song)|Levitating]] (Indian Remix)''<br />
|[[Dua Lipa]], [[Prakriti Kakar]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Amaal Malik, Sukriti Kakar and Prakriti Kakar on collaborating with pop star Dua Lipa for 'Levitating' remix {{!}} Hindi Movie News - Bollywood - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/hindi/amaal-malik-sukriti-kakar-and-prakriti-kakar-on-collaborating-with-pop-star-dua-lipa-for-levitating-remix/videoshow/82344830.cms|access-date=2021-09-19|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''Majnu''<br />
|[[Prakriti Kakar]], Mellow D<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=26 September 2021|title=New Song Majnu: सिद्धार्थ निगम और अभिषेक निगम के साथ रिलीज होने जा रहा है कक्कड़ सिस्टर्स का नया गाना|url=https://www.tv9hindi.com/entertainment/television/two-twin-kakkar-sisters-to-launch-song-with-two-brothers-sidharth-and-abhishek-nigam-with-prakriti-sukriti-840587.html|access-date=2021-09-27|website=TV9 Hindi|language=hindi}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''Is It Love''<br />
|[[Ash King]]<br />
|<ref>{{Citation|title=Is It Love|date=2021-11-11|url=https://open.spotify.com/track/0dm2tJyQDozAbvATPwfwop|language=en|access-date=2021-11-25}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" |2022<br />
|''Single Saiyaan''<br />
| rowspan="2" |[[Prakriti Kakar]]<br />
|<ref>{{Citation|title=Single Saiyaan - Single by Payal Dev, Sukriti Kakar & Prakriti Kakar|date=2022-02-03|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/single-saiyaan-single/1606893173|language=en-GB|access-date=2022-02-06}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''Dobara''<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Dobara ft Sukriti Kakar & Prakriti Kakar, witness the magic of SuPra |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/videos/ott/teaser-dobara-ft-sukriti-kakar-prakriti-kakar-witness-the-magic-of-supra/ |access-date=2022-11-02 |website=Bollywood Hungama |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|''Kya Say?''<br />
|[[Prakriti Kakar]], [[Badshah (rapper)|Badshah]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Singing sisters Sukriti and Prakriti Kakar reveal they walked barefoot in the forest for 'Kya Say' song |url=https://zeenews.india.com/music/singing-sisters-sukriti-and-prakriti-kakar-reveal-they-walked-barefoot-in-the-forest-for-kya-say-song-2550778.html |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=Zee News |language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|2023<br />
|''Over You''<br />
|[[Prakriti Kakar]]<br />
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 August 2023 |title=Sukriti-Prakriti collaborate with Mellow D and Upside Down for 'Over You' |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/international/sukriti-prakriti-collaborate-with-mellow-d-and-upside-down-for-over-you/ |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Lokmat Times}}</ref><br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Awards and achievements ==<br />
* Nomination for '[[Mirchi Music Award for Upcoming Female Vocalist of The Year|Upcoming Female Vocalist]]' for her song,''"Pehli Baar" ([[Dil Dhadakne Do]])'' at [[Mirchi Music Awards]] in [[8th Mirchi Music Awards|2015]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mirchimusicawards.com/hindi-2015/Nomination/|title=MMA Mirchi Music Awards|website=MMAMirchiMusicAwards|access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref><br />
* Sukriti has been featured on a devotional Album ''Ganaraj Adhiraj'' in 2014 and sang two tracks on it. The album bagged a [[GiMA Award for Best Female Playback Singer|GiMA]] in 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gima.co.in/oty-winners_2012.php|title=GIMA » Over The Years|website=www.gima.co.in|access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref><br />
* Featured on the [[MTV Unplugged]] with [[Mika Singh]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.allmoviesonglyrics.com/2016/03/saawan-mein-lag-gayi-aag-lyrics-mika.html#.V2ekcLh97IV|title=Saawan Mein Lag Gayi Aag Lyrics – Mika Singh|website=allmoviesonglyrics.com |access-date=2016-06-22}}</ref><br />
* Featured on the [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]] [[Mixtape|MixTape]] with [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gvRWkn_KUSg |title= T-Series Mixtape :Gazab Ka Hai Din Bawara Mann Song - Shaan Sukriti K - Bhushan Kumar Ahmed Abhijit|website= [[YouTube]]|date= 6 July 2017}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
{{Commons category|Sukriti Kakar}}<br />
* {{IMDb name|id=7621626}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kakar, Sukriti}}<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language playback singers]]<br />
[[Category:Hindi-language singers]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:1995 births]]<br />
[[Category:Singers from Delhi]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sairaj_Pardeshi&diff=531955Sairaj Pardeshi2026-01-05T22:17:27Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: Adding First Stub W/ Refs</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian weightlifter}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}<br />
{{Infobox sportsperson<br />
| name = Sairaj Pardeshi<br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| nationality = Indian<br />
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|2007}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Manmad]], Maharashtra, India<br />
| sport = Weightlifting<br />
| event = 88 kg<br />
| team = India<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Sairaj Pardeshi''' (born 2007) is an Indian weightlifter who competes in the men's 88&nbsp;kg category. He is best known for winning the gold medal at the 2025 [[Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships]] in the junior division.<ref>[https://www.thebridgechronicle.com/sports/sairaj-pardeshi-wins-gold-commonwealth-weightlifting From helping father with picking up scrap to picking up gold at CWC; Maha boy Sairaj Pardeshi]</ref><br />
<br />
== Early life ==<br />
Pardeshi was born in Manmad, [[Maharashtra]]. His father works as a scrap dealer. His rise from humble beginnings to becoming a Commonwealth champion has been described as an inspiring story of perseverance.<ref name="Zee">{{cite news |date=28 August 2025 |title=Meet Sairaj Pardeshi, Maharashtra Teenager Who Creates History At Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships |url=https://zeenews.india.com/meet-sairaj-pardeshi-a-maharashtra-teenager-who-creates-history-at-the-commonwealth-weightlifting-championships-2025-2953664.html |access-date=31 August 2025 |work=Zee News}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Career ==<br />
At the 2025 Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships held in Ahmedabad, Pardeshi won gold in the junior men's 88&nbsp;kg category. He lifted a total of 348&nbsp;kg, comprising a snatch of 157&nbsp;kg and a clean & jerk of 191&nbsp;kg, setting new junior Commonwealth records. His total was also higher than the senior gold-winning tally.<ref name="NDTV">{{cite news |date=28 August 2025 |title=From Helping Father Pick Up Scrap To Clinching Weightlifting Gold, Sairaj Pardeshi Scripts History |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/weightlifting/from-helping-father-pick-up-scrap-to-clinching-weightlifting-gold-sairaj-pardeshi-scripts-history-9190875 |access-date=31 August 2025 |work=NDTV Sports}}</ref><ref name="TOI">{{cite news |date=28 August 2025 |title=Indian Weightlifters Bag Seven Medals, Set New Records At Commonwealth Championships 2025 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/indian-weightlifters-bag-seven-medals-set-new-records-at-commonwealth-championships-2025/articleshow/123595816.cms |access-date=31 August 2025 |work=The Times of India}}</ref><br />
<br />
In 2024 he won the gold medal at the [[2024 Asian Youth & Junior Weightlifting Championships]] in Doha, lifting a total of 310&nbsp;kg (snatch and clean & jerk combined).<ref name="Logical">{{cite news |title=India's Sairaj Pardeshi Wins Gold, Sets Junior Record At Commonwealth Weightlifting Championship |url=https://thelogicalindian.com/indias-sairaj-pardesi-wins-gold-sets-junior-record-at-commonwealth-weightlifting-championship |work=The Logical Indian |date=28 August 2025 |access-date=31 August 2025}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Indian male weightlifters]]<br />
[[Category:Living people]]<br />
[[Category:2007 births]]<br />
[[Category:People from Maharashtra]]<br />
[[Category:People from Nashik district]]<br />
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=P._N._Gadgil_Jewellers&diff=446306P. N. Gadgil Jewellers2025-12-27T01:07:19Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: updated page</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Short description|Indian jewellery company founded in 1832}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}} {{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}{{Infobox company<br />
| name = P. N. Gadgil Jewellers<br />
| logo = P. N. Gadgil Jewellers logo.svg<br />
| former_name = Purshottam Narayan Gadgil Jewellers<br />
| type = [[Public company|Public]]<br />
| traded_as = {{NSE|PNGJL}}<br>{{BSE|544256}}<br />
| industry = [[Jewellery]]<br />
| foundation = {{start date and age|df=yes|1832|November|29}}<br />
| founder = Ganesh Gadgil<br />
| hq_location = [[Pune]], [[India]]<br />
| num_locations = 53 showrooms<br />
| area_served = Worldwide<br />
| key_people = Saurabh Gadgil (chairman & MD)<br />
| revenue = {{Increase}} {{INRConvert|76934.68|million|abbr=yes}} (FY 2024–25)<ref name="moneycontrol" /><br />
| net_income = {{Increase}} {{INRConvert|2182.68|million|abbr=yes}} (FY 2024–25)<ref name="moneycontrol" /><br />
| owner = Gadgil family (83%)<br />
| num_employees = +2,100<br />
| subsid = Gadgil Diamonds Private Limited, India<br>PNG Jewelers, Inc., USA<br />
| website = {{URL|www.pngjewellers.com}}<br />
| footnotes = <ref name="moneycontrol">{{cite web |title=PNG Jewellers Releases Annual Report for FY25, Revenue Reaches ₹76,935 Million |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/markets/png-jewellers-releases-annual-report-for-fy25-revenue-reaches-76-935-million-alpha-article-13319267.html |website=Money Control |publisher= |date= |access-date=}}</ref><br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''P. N. Gadgil Jewellers Limited''', also known as '''Purshottam Narayan Gadgil Jewellers''', is an Indian [[jewellery]] company founded by Ganesh Gadgil in Sangli in 1832. It is one of the oldest jewellery companies in India,<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=P N Gadgil Jewellers hits 10% upper circuit on dazzling Q3 show; PAT up 49% |url=https://www.business-standard.com/markets/news/p-n-gadgil-jewellers-hits-10-upper-circuit-on-dazzling-q3-show-pat-up-49-125021300622_1.html |website=Business Standard}}</ref> known for its production of jewellery distinctive to the Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sabyasachi |first1=Dasgupta |title=Optimizing Millennial Consumer Engagement With Mood Analysis |last2=Priya |first2=Grover |date=20 July 2018 |publisher=IGI Global |isbn=978-1-5225-5691-6 |page=195 |language=en}}</ref> As of 2025, the company is headquartered in Pune and operates 53 retail stores, including 52 in [[Maharashtra]] and [[Goa]] and one in [[California]], US.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-26 |title=PNG Jewellers strengthens retail footprint with store in Pune |url=https://in.fashionnetwork.com/news/Png-jewellers-strengthens-retail-footprint-with-store-in-pune,1714406.html |access-date=2025-06-27 |website=FashionNetwork.com |language=en-IN}}</ref><br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
=== Early years (1832–1890) ===<br />
The company was founded as Gadgil Jewellers on 29 November 1832 by Ganesh Gadgil in Sangli. In its early years, the business operated without a permanent storefront and was initially run from a pavement in a busy part of the city.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Joshi |first1=P. K. |title=Gadgil Kulavruttanta |date=1989 |location=[[Pune]] |page=93 |language=mr |trans-title=The Gadgil Family Genealogy Almanac}}</ref><ref name="DNA4">{{cite news |last1=Deshpande |first1=Renuka |date=11 September 2011 |title=Gadgil Jewellers 179-year-old journey from footpath to international showrooms |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-gadgil-jewellers-179-year-old-journey-from-footpath-to-international-showrooms-1586102 |work=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA]] |language=en}}</ref> In 1860, Gadgil relocated the business to a waada (traditional residence) he had purchased in [[Sangli]].{{sfnp|Joshi|1989|page=93}} Under Gadgil's father, the family had previously served as [[Moneylender|''savakars'']] to the Kolhatkar and Modak families of the [[Sangli State|Princely state of Sangli]], and were thus accorded the office of [[Crown Jeweller|royal jeweller]] to the [[Patwardhan dynasty|Patwardhan]] kings of the State after the establishment of their jewellery business.{{sfnp|Joshi|1989|pages=93, 95}}<br />
<br />
=== 1890–1958 ===<br />
Although Gadgil intended all three of his sons to participate in the business, it was eventually continued by his middle son Narayan Gadgil. His other sons, Ramchandra and Gopal, pursued careers in moneylending and law, respectively. In 1874, Ganesh Gadgil renamed the business P. N. Gadgil Jewellers after his grandson, Purshottam Narayan Gadgil.{{sfnp|Joshi|1989|pages=95}}<ref name="DNA4" /> <br />
<br />
Following Ganesh Gadgil’s death in 1890, Narayan Gadgil and his sons managed the company. After Narayan’s death in 1920, management passed to Purshottam Gadgil and his brothers, Ganesh Gadgil II and Vasudev Gadgil. Upon Purshottam’s death in 1954, the business continued under the leadership of the extended family’s next generation.{{sfnp|Joshi|1989|pages=95–97}}<ref name=":1">{{cite book |last1=Bhargava |first1=Gopal K. |title=Land and People of Indian States and Union Territories: In 36 Volumes. Maharashtra |last2=Bhatt |first2=S. C. |date=2006 |publisher=Gyan Publishing House |isbn=978-81-7835-372-2 |page=336 |language=en |quote=P. N. Gadgil and Company - Licence and Address}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Gadgil Jewellers 179-year-old journey from footpath to international showrooms |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-gadgil-jewellers-179-year-old-journey-from-footpath-to-international-showrooms-1586102 |access-date=2024-08-06 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Expansion to Pune (1958–2012) ===<br />
In 1938, Anant Gadgil, the younger son of Ganesh Gadgil II, joined the family business and worked at the Sangli store for nearly two decades. In 1958, he and his cousin, the son of Vishwanath Gadgil, established a new retail outlet in Pune under the name P. N. Gadgil Jewellers & Company, located on Laxmi Road.{{sfnp|Joshi|1989|pages=95–97}}<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> This marked the beginning of operations in two locations under the same brand. The Pune branch was managed by Anant, Vishwanath Gadgil, and Laxman Gadgil, while the Sangli branch was overseen by Hari, the son of Vasudev Gadgil, and Shankar, Anant’s elder brother.{{sfnp|Joshi|1989|pages=96–99}} Following the death of Vasudev Gadgil in 1965, the Sangli branch continued under the management of his descendants.{{sfnp|Joshi|1989|pages=98}}<ref name=":3">{{cite book |title=Bulletin of the Institution of Engineers (India). |date=1979 |publisher=[[Institution of Engineers (India)]] |location=[[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]] |page=13 |language=en |quote=P N Gadgil & Co, Jewellers of Poona}}</ref><br />
<br />
=== Formal separation and IPO (2012–present) ===<br />
In 2012, the Pune and Sangli branches formally separated, with the Pune operations continuing under the name P. N. Gadgil & Company.<ref name=":3" /> After Anant Gadgil's death in 2014, his son and grandson, including Saurabh Gadgil, inherited a portion of the business.<ref>{{cite news |date=11 January 2014 |title=P N Gadgil Jewellers founder 'Dajikaka' dead |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/p-n-gadgil-jewellers-founder-dajikaka-dead/ |work=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en |quote=Three founders of the P N Gadgil Jewellers are dead. others branches are owned by Akshay and Rohan, grandsons of Laxman and Ajit, son of Vishwanath.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Pahwa |first1=Saloni |title=Haute Brides & Honeymoons |date=January 2016 |publisher=Pioneer Book Co. Pvt. Ltd. |page=71 |language=en}}</ref> Saurabh Gadgil, who had joined the company in 2000, later became its chairman and managing director. During his tenure, the company was restructured as a corporate entity.<ref name="bw2024">{{Cite news |last=Palepu |first=Advait |date=17 October 2024 |title=Jeweler Becomes Billionaire After 192-Year-Old Indian Firm's IPO |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-10-17/heir-to-192-year-old-indian-jewelry-empire-becomes-billionaire |publisher=Bloomberg News}}</ref> In September 2024, the company held an [[Initial public offering|IPO]] that raised approximately ₹1,100 crore. It was subsequently listed on the [[Bombay Stock Exchange]] and the [[National Stock Exchange of India|National Stock Exchange]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=PN Gadgil Jewellers IPO: What GMP signals ahead of share listing date |url=https://www.livemint.com/market/ipo/pn-gadgil-jewellers-ipo-what-gmp-signals-ahead-of-share-listing-date-11726478817052.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=PN Gadgil Jewellers IPO listing date today. GMP, experts indicate strong debut of shares on BSE, NSE |url=https://www.livemint.com/market/ipo/pn-gadgil-jewellers-ipo-listing-date-today-gmp-experts-indicate-strong-debut-of-shares-on-bse-nse-11726539144080.html |website=Live Mint}}</ref> Following the IPO, the Gadgil family retained a majority ownership stake in the firm.<ref name="bw2024" /><br />
<br />
== Operations ==<br />
PNG Jewellers uses a combination of company-owned and franchise-operated stores. In 2014, PNG Jewellers established a diamond manufacturing unit in [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-12-24 |title=पी. एन. गाडगीळ ज्वेलर्सचे हिरेजडीत दागिने निर्मितीत |url=https://www.loksatta.com/arthasatta/p-n-gadgil-jewellers-sets-up-diamond-manufacturing-unit-1054306/ |access-date=2024-02-29 |website=[[Loksatta]] |language=mr}}</ref><br />
<br />
As of 2025, PNG Jewellers operated 53 outlets, including 52 stores across 21 cities in Maharashtra and Goa, and one store in the United States.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Strengthening retail presence with trust |url=https://ftp.motilaloswal.com/emailer/Research/PNGJL-20241208-MOSL-ICPG038.pdf |website=Motilal Oswal Research report}}</ref> Of the total, 41 stores were company-owned, while 12 operated under the FOCO model.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Announcement under Regulation 30 (LODR)-Investor Presentation |url=https://www.bseindia.com/xml-data/corpfiling/AttachLive/8df535b2-b24c-414d-bdf6-eec58ce58920.pdf |access-date=2025-05-15 |website=BSE India |language=en}}</ref><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
{{Sister project links|wikt=no|commons=no|commonscat=no|n=no|q=no|s=no|b=no|v=no|species=no|d=yes|m=no|mw=no}}<br />
<br />
* {{Official website|https://www.pngjewellers.com|P. N. Gadgil Jewellers Ltd}}<br />
{{Portal bar|India|Asia|Business|Company}}<br />
{{Authority control}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:P. N. Gadgil Jewellers}}<br />
[[Category:Indian brands]]<br />
[[Category:Companies established in 1832]]<br />
[[Category:Companies based in Pune]]<br />
[[Category:Companies based in Maharashtra]]<br />
[[Category:Retail companies established in 1832]]<br />
[[Category:Jewellery retailers of India]]<br />
[[Category:Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India]]<br />
[[Category:Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange]]<br />
[[Category:2024 initial public offerings]]</div>RogerLazzarini9https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=2022%E2%80%9323_Duleep_Trophy&diff=4829772022–23 Duleep Trophy2025-12-21T19:38:02Z<p>RogerLazzarini9: put up new info</p>
<hr />
<div>{{short description|Cricket tournament}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox cricket tournament<br />
| name = 2022–23 Duleep Trophy<br />
| image = <br />
| imagesize = <br />
| fromdate = 8 September <br />
| todate = 25 September 2022<br />
| caption = <br />
| administrator = [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]]<br />
| cricket format = [[First-class cricket]]<br />
| tournament format = [[Single-elimination tournament|Knockout]]<br />
| host = <br />
| champions = [[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]]<br />
| count = 19<br />
| runner up = [[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]]<br />
| participants = 6<br />
| matches = 5<br />
| player of the series = [[Jaydev Unadkat]] ([[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]])<br />
| most runs = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] ([[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]]) (497)<br />
| most wickets = [[Ravisrinivasan Sai Kishore]] ([[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]]) (17)<br />
| website = <br />
| previous_year = 2019–20<br />
| previous_tournament = 2019–20 Duleep Trophy<br />
| next_year= 2023<br />
| next_tournament= 2023 Duleep Trophy<br />
}}<br />
The '''2022–23 Duleep Trophy''', also known as '''[[Mastercard]] Duleep trophy''' due to sponsorship reasons, was the 59th season of the [[Duleep Trophy]], a [[first-class cricket|first-class]] cricket tournament in India. It started from 8 September 2022.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=26 August 2022 |title= Duleep Trophy 2022-23 squads announced |url=https://www.bcci.tv/articles/2022/news/55555919/duleep-trophy-2022-23-squads-announced |website=Board of Control for Cricket in India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=8 August 2022 |title=BCCI announces India's domestic season for 2022-23 |url=https://www.bcci.tv/articles/2022/news/55555906/bcci-announces-india-s-domestic-season-for-2022-23?type=Latest |website=Board of Control for Cricket in India}}</ref> The zonal format of the tournament returned after the 2014–15 season.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=7 September 2022 |title=Duleep Trophy 2022-23: What the Return of the Zonal Format Means for Players |url=https://www.thequint.com/sports/cricket/duleep-trophy-2022-23-return-zonal-format-means-to-players |website=[[The Quint]]|date=7 September 2022 }}</ref> The tournament was played across [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]].<ref>{{cite web |access-date=8 September 2022 |url=https://www.mykhel.com/cricket/duleep-trophy-2022-schedule-results-squads-captains-venues-start-time-telecast-live-streaming-196924.html |title=Duleep Trophy 2022: Schedule, Results, Squads, Captains, Venues, Start Time, Telecast & Live Streaming Info |website=mykhel.com}}</ref> In the final, West Zone defeated South Zone by 294 runs to win their 19th title.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=25 September 2022 |title=Duleep Trophy 2022 final HIGHLIGHTS: West Zone beats South Zone by 294 runs, wins title |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/domestic/duleep-trophy-final-live-score-updates-west-vs-south-zone-day-5-wz-sz-commentary-highlights-blog-streaming-details/article65933463.ece |work=SportStar|date=25 September 2022 }}</ref><br />
<br />
==Squads==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! style="width:15%;"| [[Central Zone cricket team|Central Zone]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Central Zone Squad|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/duleep-trophy-2022-23-1331050/central-zone-squad-1331073/series-squads |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
! style="width:15%;"| [[East Zone cricket team|East Zone]]<ref>{{cite web |title= East Zone Squad |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/duleep-trophy-2022-23-1331050/east-zone-squad-1331063/series-squads |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
! style="width:15%;"| [[North Zone cricket team|North Zone]]<ref>{{cite web |title=North Zone Squad |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/duleep-trophy-2022-23-1331050/north-zone-squad-1331064/series-squads |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
! style="width:15%;"| [[North East Zone cricket team|North East Zone]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/duleep-trophy-2022-23-1331050/north-east-zone-squad-1331071/series-squads |title=North East Zone Squad |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
! style="width:15%;"| [[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]]<ref>{{cite web |title=South Zone Squad |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/duleep-trophy-2022-23-1331050/south-zone-squad-1331074/series-squads |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
! style="width:15%;"| [[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]]<ref>{{cite web |title=West Zone Squad |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/duleep-trophy-2022-23-1331050/west-zone-squad-1331062/series-squads |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><br />
|- style="vertical-align:top"<br />
|<br />
* [[Karan Sharma (cricketer, born 1998)|Karan Sharma]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])<br />
* [[Shubham Sharma (Madhya Pradesh cricketer)|Shubham Sharma]] ([[captain (cricket)#Vice-captain|vc]])<br />
* [[Aniket Choudhary]]<br />
* [[Deepak Dhapola]]<br />
* [[Yash Dubey]]<br />
* [[Priyam Garg]]<br />
* [[Venkatesh Iyer]]<br />
* [[Kumar Kartikeya]] <br />
* [[Ashok Menaria]] <br />
* [[Ankit Rajpoot]]<br />
* [[Aditya Sarwate]]<br />
* [[Rinku Singh (cricketer)|Rinku Singh]]<br />
* [[Akshay Wadkar]]<br />
* [[Gaurav Yadav (cricketer)|Gaurav Yadav]]<br />
|<br />
* [[Manoj Tiwary (cricketer)|Manoj Tiwary]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])<br />
* [[Virat Singh]] ([[captain (cricket)#Vice-captain|vc]])<br />
* [[Shahbaz Ahmed (cricketer)|Shahbaz Ahmed]]<br />
* [[Akash Deep]]<br />
* [[Sudip Kumar Gharami]]<br />
* [[Mukhtar Hussain]]<br />
* [[Kumar Kushagra]]<br />
* [[Anustup Majumdar]]<br />
* [[Shantanu Mishra]]<br />
* [[Manisankar Murasingh]]<br />
* [[Shahbaz Nadeem]] <br />
* [[Riyan Parag]]<br />
* Abhishek Porel<br />
* [[Ishan Porel]]<br />
* [[Nazim Siddiqui]]<br />
|<br />
* [[Mandeep Singh (cricketer, born 1999)|Mandeep Singh]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])<br />
* [[Yash Dhull]] ([[captain (cricket)#Vice-captain|vc]])<br />
* [[Mayank Dagar]]<br />
* [[Qamran Iqbal]]<br />
* [[Siddharth Kaul]] <br />
* [[Anmol Malhotra]] <br />
* [[Vikas Mishra]]<br />
* [[Pulkit Narang]]<br />
* [[Himanshu Rana]]<br />
* [[Navdeep Saini]] <br />
* [[Nishant Sindhu]]<br />
* [[Jagjit Singh (cricketer)|Jagjit Singh]]<br />
* [[Dhruv Shorey]]<br />
* [[Akash Vasisht]]<br />
* [[Manan Vohra]]<br />
|<br />
* [[Ashish Thapa]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])<br />
* [[Techi Doria]]<br />
* [[Rongsen Jonathan]]<br />
* [[Khrievitso Kense]]<br />
* [[Bishworjit Konthoujam]]<br />
* [[G Lalbiakvela]] <br />
* Kishan Lyngdoh<br />
* Ankur Malik<br />
* [[Al Bashid Muhammed]]<br />
* [[Techi Neri]]<br />
* [[Rex Rajkumar]] <br />
* [[Dippu Sangma]]<br />
* [[Kishan Singha]]<br />
* [[Bobby Zahiruddin]]<br />
* [[Hokaito Zhimomi]]<br />
|<br />
* [[Hanuma Vihari]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])<br />
* [[Mayank Agarwal]] ([[captain (cricket)#Vice-captain|vc]])<br />
* [[Ricky Bhui]]<br />
* [[Lakshay Garg]]<br />
* [[Krishnappa Gowtham]]<br />
* [[Baba Indrajith]]<br />
* [[Eknath Kerkar]]<br />
* [[Ravisrinivasan Sai Kishore|R. Sai Kishore]] <br />
* [[Rohan Kunnummal]]<br />
* [[Devdutt Padikkal]]<br />
* [[Manish Pandey]]<br />
* [[CV Stephen]]<br />
* [[Ravi Teja (cricketer)|Ravi Teja]]<br />
* [[Basil Thampi]]<br />
* [[Tanay Thyagarajan]]<br />
|<br />
* [[Ajinkya Rahane]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])<br />
* [[Satyajeet Bachhav]]<br />
* [[Chintan Gaja]]<br />
* [[Shreyas Iyer]]<br />
* [[Armaan Jaffer]]<br />
* [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]]<br />
* [[Chirag Jani (cricketer)|Chirag Jani]]<br />
* [[Sarfaraz Khan (cricketer)|Sarfaraz Khan]]<br />
* [[Shams Mulani]]<br />
* [[Priyank Panchal]]<br />
* [[Het Patel]]<br />
* [[Chetan Sakariya]]<br />
* [[Prithvi Shaw]]<br />
* [[Atit Sheth]]<br />
* [[Hardik Tamore]]<br />
* <s>[[Shardul Thakur]]</s> <ref>{{cite web|title=Shardul Thakur replaces injured Prasidh Krishna in India A squad|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ind-a-vs-nz-a-shardul-thakur-replaces-injured-prasidh-krishna-in-india-a-squad-1332526}}</ref><br />
* [[Rahul Tripathi]] <br />
* [[Jaydev Unadkat]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Fixtures==<br />
{{6TeamBracket<br />
| RD1=Quarter-finals<br />
| RD2=Semi-finals<br />
| RD3=Final<br />
| seeds = no<br />
| score-width = 200px<br />
| nowrap = yes<br />
<br />
| RD1-team1= North East Zone<br />
| RD1-score1= 235<br />
| RD1-team2= '''[[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]]'''<br />
| RD1-score2= '''590/2d & 268/5'''<br />
<br />
| RD1-team3= [[East Zone cricket team|East Zone]]<br />
| RD1-score3= 397 & 102/3<br />
| RD1-team4= '''[[North Zone cricket team|North Zone]]'''<br />
| RD1-score4= '''545'''<br />
<br />
| RD2-team1= [[Central Zone cricket team|Central Zone]]<br />
| RD2-score1= 128 & 221<br />
| RD2-team2= '''[[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]]'''<br />
| RD2-score2= '''257 & 371'''<br />
<br />
| RD2-team3= '''[[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]]'''<br />
| RD2-score3= '''630/8d & 316/4d'''<br />
| RD2-team4= [[North Zone cricket team|North Zone]]<br />
| RD2-score4= 207 & 94<br />
<br />
| RD3-team1= [[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]]<br />
| RD3-score1= 327 & 234<br />
| RD3-team2= '''[[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]]'''<br />
| RD3-score2= '''270 & 585/4d'''<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Quarter-finals===<br />
{{Two-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 8–11 September 2022<br />
| daynight =<br />
| team1 = [[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]]<br />
| team2 = [[North East Zone cricket team|North East Zone]] <br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 590/2[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (123 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 228 (321)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Rongsen Jonathan]] 1/68 (14 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 235 (81.5 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Ashish Thapa]] 43 (103)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Chintan Gaja]] 4/38 (15.5 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 268/5 (64.3 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Atit Sheth]] 102[[not out|*]] (101)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Dippu Sangma]] 3/70 (20 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns2 =<br />
| runs-team2-inns2 =<br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 =<br />
<br />
| result = Match drawn <br />
| venue = [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium]], [[Chennai]]<br />
| toss = North East Zone won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| umpires = Vinod Seshan and [[Virender Sharma]] <br />
| motm = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] (West Zone)<br />
| rain = <br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1331053.html Scorecard]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Two-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 8–11 September 2022<br />
| daynight =<br />
| team1 = [[East Zone cricket team|East Zone]]<br />
| team2 = [[North Zone cricket team|North Zone]]<br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 397 (136.4 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Virat Singh]] 117 (247)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Nishant Sindhu]] 3/64 (20.4 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 545 (148.5 overs) <br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Yash Dhull]] 193 (243)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Shahbaz Ahmed (cricketer)|Shahbaz Ahmed]] 5/86 (19.4 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 102/3 (21 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = Abhishek Porel 50[[not out|*]] (55)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Pulkit Narang]] 1/21 (7 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns2 =<br />
| runs-team2-inns2 =<br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 =<br />
<br />
| result = Match drawn<br />
| venue = Cricket Association Ground, [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]<br />
| toss = North Zone won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| umpires = [[Chirra Ravikanthreddy]] and Akshay Totre<br />
| motm = [[Yash Dhull]] (North Zone)<br />
| rain = <br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1331054.html Scorecard]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
<br />
===Semi-finals===<br />
{{Two-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 15–18 September 2022<br />
| daynight =<br />
| team1 = [[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]]<br />
| team2 = [[Central Zone cricket team|Central Zone]]<br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 257 (85.4 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Rahul Tripathi]] 67 (151)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Kumar Kartikeya]] 5/66 (27 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 128 (40.1 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Karan Sharma (cricketer, born 1998)|Karan Sharma]] 34 (64)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Tanush Kotian]] 3/17 (6.1 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 371 (104.4 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Prithvi Shaw]] 142 (140)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Kumar Kartikeya]] 3/105 (36.4 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns2 = 221 (57.1 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Rinku Singh (cricketer)|Rinku Singh]] 65 (71)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Shams Mulani]] 5/72 (18.1 overs)<br />
<br />
| result = West Zone won by 279 runs <br />
| venue = [[Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts and Science|SNR College Cricket Ground]], [[Coimbatore]]<br />
| toss = Central Zone won the toss and elected to field.<br />
| umpires = [[Sadashiv Iyer]] and [[Nitin Pandit]]<br />
| motm = [[Prithvi Shaw]] (West Zone)<br />
| rain = <br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1331055.html Scorecard]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
{{Two-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 15–18 September 2022<br />
| daynight =<br />
| team1 = [[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]]<br />
| team2 = [[North Zone cricket team|North Zone]]<br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 630/8[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (172.5 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Rohan Kunnummal]] 143 (225)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Mayank Dagar]] 3/184 (56.4 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 207 (67 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Nishant Sindhu ]] 40 (64)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Ravisrinivasan Sai Kishore]] 7/70 (25 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 316/4[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (65 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Ravi Teja (cricketer)|Ravi Teja]] 104[[not out|*]] (120)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Pulkit Narang]] 2/102 (22 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns2 = 94 (30.4 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Yash Dhull]] 59 (58)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Tanay Thyagarajan]] 3/12 (7 overs)<br />
<br />
| result = South Zone won by 645 runs<br />
| venue = [[Salem Cricket Foundation Stadium]], [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]]<br />
| toss = South Zone won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| umpires = [[Yeshwant Barde]] and [[Ulhas Gandhe]]<br />
| motm = [[Ravisrinivasan Sai Kishore]] (South Zone)<br />
| rain = <br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1331056.html Scorecard]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
----<br />
<br />
===Final===<br />
{{Two-innings cricket match<br />
| date = 21–25 September 2022<br />
| daynight =<br />
| team1 = [[West Zone cricket team|West Zone]]<br />
| team2 = [[South Zone cricket team|South Zone]]<br />
| score-team1-inns1 = 270 (96.3 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Het Patel]] 98 (189)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Ravisrinivasan Sai Kishore]] 5/86 (35.3 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns1 = 327 (83.1 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Baba Indrajith]] 118 (125)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Jaydev Unadkat]] 4/52 (19 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team1-inns2 = 585/4[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (128 overs)<br />
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] 265 (323)<br />
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Ravisrinivasan Sai Kishore]] 2/157 (39 overs)<br />
<br />
| score-team2-inns2 = 234 (71.2 overs)<br />
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Rohan Kunnummal]] 93 (100)<br />
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Shams Mulani]] 4/51 (18 overs)<br />
<br />
| result = West Zone won by 294 runs<br />
| venue = [[Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts and Science|SNR College Cricket Ground]], [[Coimbatore]]<br />
| toss = West Zone won the toss and elected to bat.<br />
| umpires = [[Nikhil Patwardhan]] and [[Navdeep Singh (cricketer)|Navdeep Singh]]<br />
| motm = [[Yashasvi Jaiswal]] (West Zone)<br />
| rain = <br />
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1331057.html Scorecard]<br />
| notes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/_/id/8630/season/2022-23/duleep-trophy Series home at ESPNcricinfo]<br />
<br />
{{Duleep Trophy}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:2022-23 Duleep Trophy}}<br />
[[Category:Duleep Trophy seasons]]<br />
[[Category:Domestic cricket competitions in 2022–23|Duleep Trophy]]<br />
[[Category:2022 in Indian cricket|Duleep Trophy]]<br />
[[Category:September 2022 sports events in India|Duleep Trophy Final]]</div>RogerLazzarini9