Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Chloroclystis breyniae

2026-05-07T20:23:27Z

Provastu6: made initial post w/ infobox

{{Short description|Species of moth}}
{{Speciesbox
|image =
|image_caption =
|taxon = Chloroclystis breyniae
|authority = [[Louis Beethoven Prout|Prout]], 1958<ref>{{cite web |last=Yu |first=Dicky Sick Ki |url=http://www.taxapad.com/local.php?taxonidLC=82868184 |title=''Chloroclystis breyniae'' Prout 1958 |website=Home of Ichneumonoidea |publisher=Taxapad |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324231718/http://www.taxapad.com/local.php?taxonidLC=82868184 |archive-date=24 March 2016 |accessdate=19 April 2013}}</ref>
}}
'''''Chloroclystis breyniae''''' is a [[moth]] in the family [[Geometer moth|Geometridae]]. It was described by [[Louis Beethoven Prout|Prout]] in 1958. It is [[endemism|endemic]] to [[India]].<ref>{{LepIndex |id=218196 |name=Chloroclystis_auctorum breyniae |accessdate=April 28, 2018}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Wikispecies-inline|Chloroclystis breyniae|''Chloroclystis breyniae''}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q13465237}}

[[Category:Moths described in 1958]]
[[Category:Chloroclystis|breyniae]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of India]]
[[Category:Moths of Asia]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Louis Beethoven Prout]]

{{Chloroclystis-stub}}

List of IIM Ahmedabad people

2026-05-05T20:19:16Z

Provastu6: Creating some stub w/ refs.

{{Short description|none}}

This '''list of IIM Ahmedabad alumni''' includes notable alumni, professors, and administrators affiliated with [[Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad]]. Note that this is not an [[Collectively exhaustive events|exhaustive]] list.
{{Dynamic list}}


== Academics ==
*[[C. K. Prahalad]] '66, [[Padma Shri]] awardee, former Distinguished University professor at [[University of Michigan]] [[Ross School of Business]]; author of ''[[The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hbr.org/authors/prahalad|title=C.K. Prahalad – Harvard Business Review|accessdate=22 August 2013}}</ref>
*[[Besant C. Raj]] '66, co-founder and Chancellor of [[ICFAI University, Hyderabad]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=IN FOND MEMORY OF DR. A BESANT RAJ - PIONEER, 1ST BATCH OF PGP AT IIMA |url=https://wimwian.iima.ac.in/2018/07/19/in-fond-memory-of-dr-a-besant-raj/ |access-date=2022-10-05 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Labdhi Bhandari]] '67, State Trading Corporation Professor of Marketing, Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad<ref>{{cite web|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B11fcdhr49lbWEEyaUtEdGhpUjg/edit?usp=sharing|title=IIM, Ahmedabad Annual Report 1987–88|accessdate=15 January 2014}}</ref>
*[[Marti G. Subrahmanyam]] '69, Charles E. Merrill Professor of Finance at the [[Stern School of Business]], [[New York University]]<ref name="IIMA Illustrious">{{cite web|url=http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/institute/about/alumni/illustrious-alumni.html|title=Illustrious Alumni – IIMA|work=www.iimahd.ernet.in|accessdate=23 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130811132029/http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/institute/about/alumni/illustrious-alumni.html|archive-date=11 August 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*[[Ravi Jagannathan]] '72, Chicago Mercantile Exchange/John F. Sandner Professor of Finance at the [[Kellogg School of Management]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/Faculty/Directory/Jagannathan_Ravi.aspx|title=Ravi Jagannathan – Faculty – Kellogg School of Management|work=Kellogg School of Management|accessdate=22 August 2013}}</ref>
*[[Anil K. Gupta (scholar)|Anil K. Gupta]] '72, Michael D. Dingman Chair in Strategy, Globalization, and Entrepreneurship at [[University of Maryland]]'s [[Robert H. Smith School of Business]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anil K. Gupta {{!}} Maryland Smith |url=https://www.rhsmith.umd.edu/directory/anil-k-gupta |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=www.rhsmith.umd.edu}}</ref>
*[[A. Parasuraman]] '72, Emeritus Professor of Marketing and James W. McLamore Chair Emeritus, [[University of Miami]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bus.miami.edu/thought-leadership/faculty/marketing/parasuraman.html|title=A. Parasuraman|website=Miami Herbert Business School {{!}} University of Miami|language=en|access-date=2020-01-23}}</ref>
*[[Ajit Rangnekar]] '72, [[Dean (education)|Dean]], [[Indian School of Business]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Dean – Indian School of Business (ISB) |url=http://www.isb.edu/about-isb/leadership-and-governance/deans-council/dean |accessdate=23 August 2013 |work=www.isb.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=20 September 2011 |title=Lunch with BS: Ajit Rangnekar |publisher=Business Standard |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/lunch-with-bs-ajit-rangnekar-111092000027_1.html |accessdate=23 August 2013}}</ref>
*[[Beheruz Sethna]] '73, first president of [[University of West Georgia]]<ref name="Sethna UWG">{{cite web|url=https://www.westga.edu/administration/president/president-sethna/index.php|title=President Sethna: A Retrospective of the Presidency of Dr. Beheruz N. Sethna: Celebrating 19 Years, 1994–2013|accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref><ref name="Sethna UWG2">{{cite web|url=https://www.westga.edu/administration/profile.php?emp_id=1140|title=Beheruz N. Sethna – Department of Marketing and Real Estate, Richards College of Business|accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref>
*[[V. Kasturi Rangan]] '73, Malcolm P. McNair Professor of Marketing at Harvard Business School<ref>{{cite web |title=V. Kasturi Rangan – Malcolm P. McNair Professor of Marketing |url=https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/profile.aspx?facId=6535 |accessdate=18 January 2018}}</ref>
*[[Sri Zaheer]] '75, dean, [[Carlson School of Management]] at [[University of Minnesota]]<ref>{{Cite news |title=Srilata A Zaheer first Indian woman dean of top US Business School |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/nri/nris-in-news/srilata-a-zaheer-first-indian-woman-dean-of-top-us-business-school/articleshow/12203469.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2022-10-05}}</ref>
*[[Sushil Vachani]] '76, former director, [[Indian Institute of Management Bangalore]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/1ZqZ7EZhq6KMWYgLURcxDK/Boston-professor-Sushil-Vachani-is-new-director-of-IIMBanga.html|title=Boston professor Sushil Vachani is new director of IIM-Bangalore|last=Nanda|first=Prashant K.|date=30 June 2014|website=Livemint|language=en|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>
*[[Srikant Datar]] '78, [[Padma Shri]] awardee, dean at [[Harvard Business School]], formerly Arthur Lowes Dickinson Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/profile.aspx?facId=6443|title=Srikant M. Datar – Faculty – Harvard Business School|last=Datar|first=Srikant M.|website=www.hbs.edu|language=en-us|access-date=2018-04-29}}</ref>
*[[Gautam Kaul (finance professor)|Gautam Kaul]] FPM '79, Robert G. Rodkey Collegiate Professor of Business Administration, [[Ross School of Business]], [[University of Michigan]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gautam Kaul {{!}} Michigan Ross |url=https://michiganross.umich.edu/faculty-research/faculty/gautam-kaul |access-date=2023-08-07 |website=michiganross.umich.edu |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Shekhar Chaudhuri]] FPM '79, former director, [[Indian Institute of Management Calcutta]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nmcc.nic.in/html/shekhar_chaudhary.htm|title=Shekhar Chaudhary|work=nmcc.nic.in|url-status=dead|archiveurl=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20090416172644/http%3A//nmcc.nic.in/Html/shekhar_chaudhary.htm|archivedate=16 April 2009|accessdate=22 August 2013}}</ref>
*[[Amitava Chattopadhyay]] '81, Professor of Marketing and the GlaxoSmithKline Chaired Professor of Corporate Innovation at [[INSEAD]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.insead.edu/faculty-research/faculty/amitava-chattopadhyay|title=Amitava Chattopadhyay – Faculty Profile|date=17 September 2015|website=INSEAD|language=en|access-date=2020-01-23}}</ref>
*[[Siddhartha Chib]] '82, Harry C. Hartkopf Professor of Econometrics and Statistics, [[Olin Business School|Olin Business School, Washington University in St. Louis]]
*[[S. P. Kothari]] '82, [[Padma Shri]] awardee, Gordon Y Billard Professor of Accounting and Finance and former Head of the Department of Economics, Finance, and Accounting at [[MIT Sloan School of Management]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mitsloan.mit.edu/faculty/directory/s-p-kothari|title=S.P. Kothari|website=MIT Sloan|language=en|access-date=2020-01-30}}</ref>
*[[Jagmohan Raju]] '82, Joseph J. Aresty Professor at [[Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Raju |first1=Jagmohan S. |title=Smart Pricing : How Google, priceline, and leading businesses use pricing innovation for profitability |last2=Zhang |first2=Z. John |date=2015 |publisher=Pearson Education (US) |isbn=978-0-13-438499-3 |location=Upper Saddle River |chapter=About The Authors |oclc=961880196}}</ref>
*[[Manju Puri]], '82 J. B. Fuqua Professor of Finance at the [[Fuqua School of Business]] at [[Duke University]]<ref>{{cite web |date=15 November 2021 |title=Manju Puri / Duke's Fuqua School of Business |url=https://www.fuqua.duke.edu/faculty/manju-puri |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116043420/https://www.fuqua.duke.edu/faculty/manju-puri |archive-date=16 November 2021 |access-date=15 November 2021 |website=[[Duke University]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=September 2021 |title=Manju Puri / Curriculum Vitae |url=https://go.fuqua.duke.edu/fw/cms/FuquaWorld/Documents/Vita/manju%20cv__sept2021.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116043532/https://go.fuqua.duke.edu/fw/cms/FuquaWorld/Documents/Vita/manju%20cv__sept2021.pdf |archive-date=16 November 2021 |access-date=15 November 2021 |website=[[Duke University]]}}</ref>
*[[Ashish Nanda]] '83, former [[Director (education)|Director]], [[Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad]], former Robert Braucher Professor of Practice at Harvard Law School, and Senior Lecturer, Harvard Business School<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/profile.aspx?facId=6519|title=Ashish Nanda – Faculty – Harvard Business School|website=www.hbs.edu|access-date=2020-01-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/lunch-with-bs-ashish-nanda-113092701204_1.html|title=Lunch with BS: Ashish Nanda|date=27 September 2013|accessdate=5 June 2014|publisher=Business Standard}}</ref>
*[[Raghu Sundaram]] '84, Dean, [[New York University Stern School of Business]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stern.nyu.edu/experience-stern/leadership/nyu-stern-dean-raghu-sundaram|title=NYU Stern Dean: Raghu Sundaram|website=www.stern.nyu.edu|language=en|access-date=2020-01-23}}</ref>
*[[Arun Agrawal]] '85, Samuel Trask Dana Professor, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan
*[[V. Anantha Nageswaran]] '86, 18th [[Chief Economic Advisor to the Government of India]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Batra |first=Shubham |date=2022-01-28 |title=Who is V Anantha Nageswaran, new chief economic advisor? IIM-A grad, academic, PM's ex-advisor |url=https://theprint.in/economy/who-is-v-anantha-nageswaran-new-chief-economic-advisor-iim-a-grad-academic-pms-ex-advisor/815439/ |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Rajeev Kakar]] '87, banker, serial business founder and entrepreneur
*[[Baba Shiv]] '88, the Sanwa Bank, Limited, Professor of Marketing at [[Stanford Graduate School of Business|Stanford University Graduate School of Business]]<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/faculty/baba-shiv |title= Baba Shiv: The Sanwa Bank, Limited, Professor of Marketing| publisher=[[Stanford Graduate School of Business]]|accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref>
*[[Aseem Prakash]] '88, Professor of Political Science and Walker Family Professor for the Arts and Sciences, [[University of Washington]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aseem Prakash {{!}} Department of Political Science {{!}} University of Washington |url=https://www.polisci.washington.edu/people/aseem-prakash |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=www.polisci.washington.edu |language=en}}</ref>
*[[V. G. Narayanan]] '90, Thomas D. Casserly, Jr. Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/profile.aspx?facId=6520|title=V.G. Narayanan – Faculty – Harvard Business School|website=www.hbs.edu|access-date=2019-09-12}}</ref>
*[[Harbir Singh]], Mack Professor of Management at Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mgmt.wharton.upenn.edu/profile/singhh/ | title =Harbir Singh – Mack Professor of Management at Wharton School| accessdate = 20 January 2018}}</ref>
*[[Atul Tandon (professor)|Atul Tandon]], academic and director of [[Mudra Institute of Communications, Ahmedabad]] 2001–2009<ref name="IE2015">{{cite web | author= | title=Former MICA Director Atul Tandan passes away | website=The Indian Express | date=2 March 2015 | url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/ahmedabad/former-mica-director-atul-tandan-passes-away/ | accessdate=5 March 2015}}</ref>
*[[Anand Teltumbde]], Senior Professor and Big Data Analytics Head in [[Goa Institute of Management]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/gims-introduces-countrys-first-programme-in-big-data-analytics/articleshow/64310930.cms|title=GIM's introduces country's first programme in Big Data Analysis|author=Gauree Malkarnekar|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=29 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gim.ac.in/faculty-details.php?f_id=187|title=Anand Teltumbde – Goa Institute of Management|accessdate=10 March 2019|archive-date=28 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328053936/https://www.gim.ac.in/faculty-details.php?f_id=187|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*[[A. K. Shiva Kumar]], development economist<ref>{{Cite web |title=A K Shiva Kumar - Speaker {{!}} The/Nudge Forum |url=https://forum.thenudge.org/speakers/a-k-shiva-kumar |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=forum.thenudge.org |language=en}}</ref>

== Arts and social work ==
*[[Shakti Maira]] '68, artist, sculptor and writer<ref>{{Cite news |last=Choudhury |first=Chandrahas |date=23 February 2017 |title=Shakti Maira: The antidote to discontent |work=livemint.com/ |url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/kMev76ggFU64jMK0zYIrWK/Shakti-Maira-The-antidote-to-discontent.html |access-date=2017-11-08}}</ref>
*[[Mallika Sarabhai]] '74, [[Padma Bhushan]] awardee, [[Indian classical dance|classical dancer]]; activist; director of [[Darpana Academy of Performing Arts|Darpana Academy]], [[Ahmedabad]]<ref name="IIMA Illustrious" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/mallika-sarabhai-s-letter-of-warning-to-anna-hazare-98125|title=Mallika Sarabhai's letter of warning to Anna Hazare|date=14 April 2011|accessdate=23 August 2013|publisher=NDTV}}</ref>
*[[Chandrika Tandon]] '75, first Indian-American woman to be elected partner at [[McKinsey & Company]], [[Grammy Award]]-winner (2025)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-02-03 |title=Indian-origin Chandrika Tandon wins Grammy, beats Ricky Kej, Anoushka Shankar |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/music/story/indian-origin-chandrika-tandon-wins-grammy-beats-ricky-kej-anoushka-shankar-2673793-2025-02-03 |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" />
*[[Vijay Mahajan]] '80, founder and CEO of the [[BASIX (India)|BASIX]] initiative<ref name="IIMA Illustrious" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.basixindia.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=98&Itemid=117|title=Basix India – Bhartiya Samruddhi Investments and Consulting Services Limited|work=basixindia.com|accessdate=28 August 2013}}</ref>
* [[Salil Shetty]] '83, Secretary-General of [[Amnesty International]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/who-we-are/our-people/secretary-general|title=Secretary General – Amnesty International|work=amnesty.org|accessdate=28 August 2013}}</ref>
*[[Nachiket Mor]] '87, National Director for [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]] – India
*[[Acharya Prashant]] '03, Indian spiritual leader, philosopher, author. in February 2023, honoured him as the "Most Influential Vegan" of 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Olsen |first=David James |date=2023-02-17 |title=Most Influential Vegan in India Talks With Ingrid Newkirk |url=https://www.peta.org/blog/peta-india-most-influential-vegan-video/ |access-date=2024-03-02 |website=PETA |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Woods |first=Carrie |date=2023-02-27 |title=Land of Ahimsa: The Idea Behind the Documentary |url=https://unchainedtv.com/2023/02/27/land-of-ahimsa/ |access-date=2024-03-02 |language=en}}</ref> They wrote: "His [Acharya Prashant's] award from PETA India spotlights how he encourages everyone to live a conscious, nonviolent life and respect all sentient beings by going vegan."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sujata |date=2022-12-09 |title=Acharya Prashant is 2022 "Most Influential Vegan |url=https://businessnewsthisweek.com/business/acharya-prashant-is-2022-most-influential-vegan/ |access-date=2024-03-02 |website=Business News This Week |language=en-US |archive-date=2 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302160031/https://businessnewsthisweek.com/business/acharya-prashant-is-2022-most-influential-vegan/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Goyal |first=Erika |date=2023-02-21 |title=Acharya Prashant, PETA India's 'Most Influential Vegan,' Chats With PETA India Founder Ingrid Newkirk - Blog |url=https://www.petaindia.com/blog/acharya-prashant-peta-indias-most-influential-vegan-chats-with-peta-president-ingrid-newkirk/ |access-date=2024-03-02 |website=PETA India |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Sudip Sharma]] '02, Writer NH-10, Screenplay Udta Punjab, Executive Producer Udta Punjab<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-14 |title=Paatal Lok Season 2 creator Sudip Sharma has been a master of gritty stories like Udta Punjab, Kohrra |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/binge/paatal-lok-season-2-creator-sudip-sharma-has-been-a-master-of-gritty-stories-like-udta-punjab-kohrra-650555.html |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=Indiatimes |language=en-IN}}</ref>
*[[Gaurav Dagaonkar]] '06, music director, vocalist and songwriter<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-12-17/india/27827173_1_iim-a-grad-iim-campus-management-ahmedabad|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023043606/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-12-17/india/27827173_1_iim-a-grad-iim-campus-management-ahmedabad|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 October 2012|title=IIM-A grad junks jobs to make music|date=17 December 2006|work=[[The Times of India]]|accessdate=23 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://inhome.rediff.com/cms/print.jsp?docpath=//money/2006/apr/01iim.htm|title=Fat salaries fail to lure these IIM grads|work=rediff.com|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216081244/http://inhome.rediff.com/cms/print.jsp?docpath=%2F%2Fmoney%2F2006%2Fapr%2F01iim.htm|archivedate=16 February 2012|accessdate=23 August 2013}}</ref>
*[[Srijan Pal Singh]] '09, author, social entrepreneur, former adviser to [[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]] and Founder of Dr. Kalam Centre<ref>{{Cite news |title=Author Srijan Pal Singh |website=Penguin India |url=https://penguin.co.in/author/srijan-pal-singh/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191002063802/https://penguin.co.in/author/srijan-pal-singh/ |archive-date=2 October 2019}}</ref>
*[[Vanya Mishra]] PGPX '22, [[Miss World 2012]] top 7
*[[Mukul Chadda]], Indian actor

== Business ==
*[[Kiran Karnik]] '68, [[Padma Shri]] awardee, former president of [[NASSCOM]]<ref name="IIMA Illustrious" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasscom.in/past-chairmen|title=Past Chairmen – NASSCOM|accessdate=18 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820182327/http://www.nasscom.in/past-chairmen|archive-date=20 August 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/nsa-announces-cyber-security-cooperation-with-private-sector/article4000136.ece|title=NSA announces cyber security cooperation with private sector|date=16 October 2012|accessdate=18 September 2013|work=The Hindu}}</ref>
*[[Vikram Talwar]] '70, co-founder and former CEO, [[EXL Service]] Holdings Inc.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/markets/stocks|title=Stocks|website=Bloomberg.com|access-date=2018-04-26}}</ref>
*[[K. V. Kamath]] '71, [[Padma Bhushan]] awardee, former MD and CEO, [[ICICI Bank]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=K.V. Kamath, ICICI {{!}} Outlook India Magazine |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/kv-kamath-icici/298631 |access-date=2020-01-30 |website=outlookindia.com/}}</ref> former chairman, [[Infosys]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sen |first=Anirban |date=6 June 2015 |title=KV Kamath steps down from Infosys, R Seshasayee appointed non-executive chairman |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/ites/kv-kamath-steps-down-from-infosys-r-seshasayee-appointed-non-executive-chairman/articleshow/47553476.cms |access-date=2020-01-30}}</ref> and 1st president of [[New Development Bank]] (BRICS)<ref name="KVK BRICS">{{cite web |title=KV Kamath named BRICS bank president |url=http://www.financialexpress.com/economy/kv-kamath-named-brics-bank-president/71527/ |accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref><ref name="KVK BRICS2">{{cite web |title=KV Kamath: President NDB |url=https://www.ndb.int/k-v-kamath/ |accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref>
*[[Sarthak Behuria]] '73, former chairman of [[Indian Oil Corporation]]; former chairman and managing director of [[Bharat Petroleum]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iocl.com/AboutUs/chairman_profile.pdf|title=About Us – Chairman Profile|accessdate=18 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/business/behuria-denied-extension-as-ioc-chairman/article123746.ece|title=Behuria denied extension as IOC chairman|date=28 February 2010|accessdate=18 September 2013|work=The Hindu}}</ref>
*[[Jerry Rao]] '73, founder and former CEO of [[Mphasis]] Ltd.
*[[Chandrika Tandon]] '75, first Indian-American woman to be elected partner at [[McKinsey & Company]], [[Grammy Award]]-winner (2025)<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/economy/meet-indra-nooyis-sister-chandrika-tandon-businesswoman-and-grammy-nominated-musician-1690611.htm|title=Meet Chandrika Tandon — businesswoman and Grammy-nominated musician|website=cnbctv18.com|date=14 December 2018|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>
*[[M. S. Banga]] '77, [[Padma Bhushan]] awardee, former chairman of [[Hindustan Unilever]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/after-33-years-vindi-banga-to-leave-unilever/articleshow/5698499.cms?from=mdr|title=After 33 years, Vindi Banga to leave Unilever|date=18 March 2010|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2020-01-24}}</ref> currently senior [[Partner (business rank)|partner]] at [[Clayton, Dubilier & Rice]]<ref name="IIMA Illustrious" /><ref>{{cite news | url = http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-06-24/news/27624576_1_vindi-business-transformation-equity-fund | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160305053920/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-06-24/news/27624576_1_vindi-business-transformation-equity-fund | url-status = dead | archive-date = 5 March 2016 | title = M S Banga joins PE Fund CD&R | publisher = The Economic Times | date= 24 June 2010 | accessdate = 18 September 2013}}</ref>
*[[Ashank Desai]] '79, Founder and Chairman Mastek, a listed technology services company<ref>{{Cite web |date=1999-03-15 |title=Mastek: Ashank Desai |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19990315-mastek-ashank-desai-780444-1999-03-14 |access-date=2025-02-07 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Kailasam Raghavendra Rao|K Raghavendra Rao]] '79, [[Padma Shri]] awardee, founder of [[Orchid Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Limited]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/1909248|title=K Raghavendra Rao, Orchid Pharma Ltd: Profile and Biography|website=www.bloomberg.com|access-date=2020-02-02}}</ref>
*[[Shikha Sharma]] '80, former MD and CEO, [[Axis Bank]]<ref name="IIMA Illustrious" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/shikha-sharma-gets-a-salary-hike-113051600522_1.html|title=Shikha Sharma gets a salary hike|date=16 May 2013|accessdate=7 September 2013|publisher=Business Standard}}</ref>
*[[Ajaypal Singh Banga|Ajay Singh Banga]] '81, President and chief executive officer, [[MasterCard]]<ref name="IIMA Illustrious" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mastercard.com/us/company/en/ourcompany/biography_ajay_banga.html|title=Our Company – MasterCard Worldwide Executives – Ajay Banga|accessdate=7 September 2013}}</ref>
*[[Ivan Menezes]] '81, CEO, [[Diageo]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/business/diageo-s-indian-origin-ceo-ivan-menezes-to-get-up-to-rs-105-cr-pay-package/story-mgmtv6znwoE9mjzyOnwnvK.html|title=Diageo's Indian-origin CEO Ivan Menezes to get up to Rs 105-cr pay package|date=18 August 2013|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|access-date=2020-01-23}}</ref>
*[[Piyush Gupta]] '83, chief executive officer, [[DBS Bank]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dbs.com/innovation/dbs-innovates/dbs-ceo-piyush-gupta-on-the-digital-reinvention-of-an-asian-bank.html|title=DBS CEO Piyush Gupta on the digital reinvention of an Asian Bank|work=DBS Innovates|access-date=2017-11-08|language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Shrikant Joshi]] '83, chief executive officer and managing director of L&T Realty<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shrikant Prabhakar Joshi {{!}} Hyderabad Metro {{!}} L&T India|url=https://www.ltmetro.in/about-us/leadership/shrikant-p-joshi/|access-date=2020-09-27|website=www.ltmetro.in|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=22 November 2018|title=L&T Realty: Witnessing Opulent Standard of Living|url=https://www.insightssuccess.in/lt-realty-witnessing-opulent-standard-living/|access-date=2020-09-27|website=Insights Success|language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Ajit Ranade]] '84, President and chief economist, [[Aditya Birla Group]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ajit Ranade |url=https://takshashila.org.in/staff/ajit-ranade/ |access-date=2020-01-23 |website=The Takshashila Institution |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Suresh Vaswani]] '85, President, [[Dell|Dell Services]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dell.com/learn/us/en/uscorp1/secure/suresh-vaswani|title=Newsroom – Dell|work=www.dell.com|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922082103/http://www.dell.com/learn/us/en/uscorp1/secure/suresh-vaswani|archivedate=22 September 2013|accessdate=7 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/VftVNjiNQXy2xoqPd9tGWL/Suresh-Vaswani--The-silver--tongued-IT-man.html|title=Suresh Vaswani: The silver-tongued IT man|date=7 November 2009|accessdate=7 September 2013|publisher=live Mint}}</ref>
*[[Falguni Nayar]] '85, founder and CEO, [[Nykaa]]
*[[Amitabh Chaudhry]] '87, MD and CEO, [[Axis Bank]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/15026996|title=Amitabh Chaudhry, Axis Bank Ltd: Profile and Biography|website=www.bloomberg.com|access-date=2020-01-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/finance/axis-bank-md-ceo-shikha-sharma-retires-118123100873_1.html|title=Shikha Sharma retires as Axis Bank MD & CEO, Amitabh Chaudhry to succeed|newspaper=Business Standard India|date=31 December 2018|publisher=|via=Business Standard|accessdate=3 January 2019|agency=Press Trust of India}}</ref>
*[[Phaneesh Murthy]] '87, former CEO of [[IGATE|iGATE Corporation]]<ref name="PM iGate">{{cite web |title=How iGate's Phaneesh Murthy got his act together after a career-threatening sex scandal |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/corporate-dossier/how-igates-phaneesh-murthy-got-his-act-together-after-a-career-threatening-sex-scandal/articleshow/13078479.cms |accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref>
*[[Archana Garodia Gupta]] '88, author; owner, Touchstone Gems and Jewellery<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 November 2018|title=Archana Garodia Gupta – Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/speakers/archana-garodia-gupta/articleshow/66487858.cms|access-date=2021-05-01|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
*[[Sanjeev Bikhchandani]] '89, [[Padma Shri]] awardee,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/naukri-com-founder-sanjeev-bikhchandani-gets-padma-shri/1835084/|title=Naukri.com founder Sanjeev Bikhchandani gets Padma Shri|date=25 January 2020|website=The Financial Express|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-30}}</ref> founder and executive vice-chairman, Infoedge and [[Naukri.com]]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/dotcoms-poster-boy--sanjeev-bikhchandani.html/1/1174.html | title = Dot-com's poster boy – Sanjeev Bikhchandani | date= 13 January 2008 | accessdate = 18 September 2013}}</ref>
*[[Rashesh Shah]] '89, co-founder and CEO of [[Edelweiss Group]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/from-iim-a-to-dalal-st-a-tale-of-two-batchmates-rashesh-shah-nirmal-jain/articleshow/52420229.cms|title=From IIM-A to Dalal St: A tale of two batchmates Rashesh Shah & Nirmal Jain|last=GANGULY|first=DIBYENDU|date=24 May 2016|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2018-04-26}}</ref>
*[[Nirmal Jain]] '89, founder and chairman of [[India Infoline]] (IIFL)<ref>{{cite web |author= |date= |title=Nirmal Jain, IIFL Holdings Ltd: Profile & Biography |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profiles/people/1902876-nirmal-jain |accessdate=13 April 2018 |website=Bloomberg}}</ref>
*[[Anish Shah (Businessman)|Anish Shah]] '92, Managing Director and CEO at Mahindra Group<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet Anish Shah, IIM alumnus whose parents studied at IIM as well, runs Rs 1.22 lakh crore firm, salary is... |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-meet-anish-shah-who-got-rs-25-lakh-monthly-pay-hike-parents-iim-graduates-runs-rs-122-lakh-crore-firm-3050506 |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Deep Kalra]] '92, founder, Chairman and Group CEO, [[MakeMyTrip]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.weforum.org/people/deep-kalra|title=Deep Kalra|website=World Economic Forum|access-date=2018-06-05}}</ref>
*[[Ashok Vemuri]] '92, CEO of [[Conduent]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pramanik |first=Ayan |date=7 November 2017 |title=Infosys' CEO hunt continues: Ashok Vemuri seen as frontrunner |work=Business Standard India |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/infosys-ceo-hunt-continues-ashok-vemuri-seen-as-frontrunner-117110700238_1.html |access-date=2017-11-08}}</ref>
*[[Sanjeev Aggarwal]] '95, founder and CEO, Amplus Energy Solutions<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=235053618&privcapId=309875616|title=Sanjeev Aggarwal: Executive Profile & Biography – Bloomberg|website=www.bloomberg.com|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.]]|accessdate=16 December 2017}}</ref>
*[[Rajesh Gopinathan]] '96, CEO and MD, [[Tata Consultancy Services]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/were-structuring-for-double-digit-growth-tcs-ceo-rajesh-gopinathan/articleshow/61095042.cms|title=We're structuring for double-digit growth: TCS CEO Rajesh Gopinathan|last=Mandavia|first=Megha|date=16 October 2017|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2017-11-08}}</ref>
*[[Sarathbabu Elumalai]] '06, founder and CEO of FoodKing<ref name="SE FoodKIng">{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/elumalai-sarathbabu-from-street-to-stardom/articleshow/6278475.cms|title=Elumalai Sarathbabu: From street to stardom|accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref>
*[[Vineeta Singh]] '07, CEO, Sugar Cosmetics<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-05 |title=IIM-A alumna Vineeta Singh calls Sanjeev Bikhchandani and Falguni Nayar her "role models" |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/magazine/b-school-debate/story/iim-a-alumna-vineeta-singh-calls-sanjeev-bikhchandani-and-falguni-nayar-her-role-models-351942-2022-11-05 |access-date=2023-09-10 |website=Business Today |language=en}}</ref>

== Government and politics ==
*[[Kirit Raval]] '73, former [[Solicitor General of India|Solicitor General]] of India<ref name="IIMA Illustrious" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-10-30/india/27325169_1_solicitor-general-defence-gujarat|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130629163042/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-10-30/india/27325169_1_solicitor-general-defence-gujarat|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 June 2013|title=Kirit Raval appointed Solicitor General|date=30 October 2002|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=28 August 2013}}</ref>
* [[Amit Khare]], [[Secretary to the Government of India|Secretary]] to the [[Vice President of India]]<ref>{{Cite web |date= 14 September 2025|title=After Donning Many Hats, Amit Khare Gears Up For Another Key Role As Secretary to Vice President |url= https://thesecretariat.in/article/after-serving-as-pmo-advisor-amit-khare-now-secretary-to-vice-president-radhakrishnan|access-date= 30 October 2025|website= The Secretariat|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Prem Das Rai]] '78, Member of [[Parliament of India|Parliament]], [[Sikkim (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sikkim constituency]], [[15th Lok Sabha]]<ref name ="IIMA Illustrious" /><ref>{{cite web | url = http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=4347 | title = Lok Sabha | work = National Informatics Centre | access-date = 28 August 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180520060629/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=4347 | archive-date = 20 May 2018 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
*[[Arvind Subramanian]] '81, 16th [[Chief Economic Adviser to the Government of India]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/management/iim-a-remembers-its-bright-research-oriented-student-arvind-subramanian-114101700843_1.html|title=IIM-A remembers its 'bright, research oriented' student Arvind Subramanian|date=17 October 2014|access-date=24 October 2014|publisher=Business Standard}}</ref>
*[[Jawed Ashraf]] '86, [[List of ambassadors of India to France|Ambassador of India to France]], former High Commissioner of India to Singapore<ref>{{Cite web |title=Embassy of India, Paris, France : Ambassador |url=https://www.eoiparis.gov.in/page/amb/ |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=www.eoiparis.gov.in}}</ref>
* [[Raghuram Rajan]] '87, former [[Governor of Reserve Bank of India|governor]] of the [[Reserve Bank of India]];<ref>{{cite news | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Raghuram-Rajan-appointed-RBI-governor-faces-daunting-task-of-arresting-rupee-fall/articleshow/21649099.cms|title=Raghuram Rajan appointed RBI governor, faces daunting task of arresting rupee fall | work = The Times of India | date = 6 August 2013 | access-date = 28 August 2013}}</ref> former chief economic advisor of the Government of India and former chief economist at the [[International Monetary Fund]]. Currently Katherine Dusak Miller Distinguished Service Professor of Finance at [[University of Chicago Booth School of Business]]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/raghuram-rajan-takes-over-as-chief-economic-advisor/article3836528.ece | title=Raghuram Rajan takes over as Chief Economic Advisor | work = The Hindu | date = 29 August 2012 | access-date = 28 August 2013}}</ref>
* [[Saurabh Garg]] '88, CEO, [[Unique Identification Authority]] of India (UIDAI), IAS officer
* [[Prodyut Bora]] '99, first chief of IT Cell and [[National Executive of the Bharatiya Janata Party|National Executive Committee]] member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-22 |title=Meet Prodyut Bora: The man who shaped BJP's online strategy-Election-diary News, Firstpost |url=https://www.firstpost.com/election-diary/meet-prodyut-bora-the-man-who-shaped-bjps-online-strategy-1444525.html |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=Firstpost |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Ramachandran Govindarasu]] '15, Tamil Nadu politician affiliated with [[AIADMK]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/jayalalithaa-appoints-iim-graduate-head-party-it-team-ahead-polls-40616|title=Jayalalithaa appoints IIM graduate to head party IT team ahead of polls|website=The News Minute|access-date=2020-01-23}}</ref>
*[[Amit Khare]], Additional Chief Secretary of Jharkhand<ref name="AKhare Jharkhand">{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/glad-i-didn-t-waste-time-worrying-about-my-career-whistle-blower-in-fodder-scam/story-em193VVnu5Dm5t5qw93CyI.html|title=Glad I didn't waste time worrying about my career: Whistle-blower in fodder scam|access-date=26 January 2018}}</ref><ref name="AKhare Jharkhand2">{{cite web|url=http://www.uniindia.com/administration-is-the-second-name-of-serving-the-people-amit-khare/states/news/1093180.html|title=Administration is the second name of serving the people: Amit Khare|access-date=26 January 2018}}</ref>
*[[Alok Ranjan]], former [[Chief Secretary (India)|Chief Secretary]] of [[Government of Uttar Pradesh|Uttar Pradesh]]
*[[Jawed Usmani]], Chief Information Commissioner of [[Uttar Pradesh]]<ref name="JU UP CIC">{{cite web|url=http://upic.gov.in/StaticPages/Jawedusmani.aspx|title=Jawed Usmani: State Chief Information Commissioner, U.P|accessdate=26 January 2018}}</ref>
* [[Syed Zafar Islam]], investment banker; Member of Parliament in the [[Rajya Sabha]]; former director at [[Deutsche Bank]] and spokesperson of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
* [[R. R. Bhatnagar]], former [[Director General]] of the [[Central Reserve Police Force]], retired IPS officer<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-04-28 |title=R R Bhatnagar takes charge as new CRPF DG |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/r-r-bhatnagar-takes-charge-as-new-crpf-dg/ |access-date=2022-10-05 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Madhabi Puri Buch]], Chairperson of the [[Securities and Exchange Board of India]]

== Sports ==
*[[Harsha Bhogle]] '85, [[cricket]] [[Sports commentator|commentator]] and journalist<ref name ="IIMA Illustrious" /><ref>{{cite news | url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-12-11/news/30504656_1_alumni-case-studies-iim-a-director-samir-barua | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712113429/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-12-11/news/30504656_1_alumni-case-studies-iim-a-director-samir-barua | url-status=dead | archive-date=12 July 2014 | title=Top-shot alumni recall dorm days at IIM-A | publisher= The Economic Times | date=11 December 2011|accessdate= 7 September 2013}}</ref>

== Science ==
*[[Suchitra Sebastian]] '97, condensed matter physicist at [[Cavendish Laboratory]], [[University of Cambridge]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/directory/sebastians|title=Dr. Suchitra Sebastian — Department of Physics|last=kla29@cam.ac.uk|website=www.phy.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2020-01-23}}</ref>

== Literature and journalism ==
*[[Rohini Chowdhury]] '86, children's writer and literary translator<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://penguin.co.in/author/rohini-chowdhury/|title=Rohini Chowdhury – Penguin India|website=penguin.co.in|access-date=2020-01-23}}</ref>
*[[Rashmi Bansal]] '93, author and entrepreneur<ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/education/story/20121029-what-they-did-not-teach-me-at-iim-ahmedabad-by-rashmi-bansal-760222-2012-10-18 | title = What they did not teach me at IIM-A | publisher = India Today |date=19 October 2012 | access-date = 7 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/supplement/story/20120716-rashmi-bansal-iim-ahmedabad-magazine-author-writer-758977-2012-07-05 | title = Rashmi Bansal on how she found her true calling | publisher = India Today |date=6 July 2012 | access-date = 7 September 2013}}</ref>
*[[Chetan Bhagat]] '97, author, columnist and speaker<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.chetanbhagat.com/about/fact-sheet/ | title = Fact Sheet – Chetan Bhagat | work = chetanbhagat.com | accessdate = 28 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/institute/campus/student-activities/clubs/lsd.html | title = LSD – Literary & Symposium Desk | work = iimahd.ernet.in | accessdate = 28 August 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130821183143/http://www.iimahd.ernet.in/institute/campus/student-activities/clubs/lsd.html | archive-date = 21 August 2013 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
*[[Sidin Vadukut]] '05, author and former Managing Editor, [[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.penguinbooksindia.com/en/content/sidin-vadukut|title=Sidin Vadukut|date=19 October 2012|accessdate=8 September 2013|publisher=Penguin India}}</ref>
*[[Samit Basu]], novelist, graphic novelist and screenwriter<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.abhijitbhaduri.com/index.php/2010/06/interview-with-samit-basu/|title=Interview with Samit Basu – Abhijit Bhaduri's Official Website|date=13 June 2010|work=Abhijit Bhaduri's Official Website|access-date=2017-11-08|language=en-US}}</ref>
*Ami Ganatra, '08, author, speaker and consultant<ref>{{Cite web |title=“Relevance of Mahabharata & Ramayana in today’s life and times” {{!}} IIMA |url=https://www.iima.ac.in/events/relevance-mahabharata-ramayana-todays-life-and-times |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.iima.ac.in}}</ref>
*[[Vandana Vasudevan]], '95, author, columnist and speaker

== Faculty ==
* Samir Barua, 10th Institute Director<ref name="barua1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/NH9sAiuZJNXaz8Cd33mEpN/Samir-Kumar-Barua--The-student-who-became-director.html|title=Samir Kumar Barua {{!}} The student who became director|last=Vadukut|first=Sidin|date=6 September 2008|website=Livemint|language=en|access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>
* [[Rakesh Basant]], JSW Chair Professor of Innovation and Public Policy
* [[Labdhi Bhandari]], State Trading Corporation of India Professor of Marketing
* [[Pankaj Chandra]], former director, [[Indian Institute of Management Bangalore]] and current vice chancellor, [[Ahmedabad University]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sengupta|first=Devina|title=IIM Bangalore director, Pankaj Chandra steps down|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/iim-bangalore-director-pankaj-chandra-steps-down/articleshow/22252619.cms?from=mdr|access-date=2021-11-17}}</ref>
* [[Shekhar Chaudhuri]], former director, [[Indian Institute of Management Calcutta]]
* [[Kamla Chowdhry]], key founding member of the institute and first faculty member
* [[Bakul Harshadrai Dholakia]], [[Padma Shri]] awardee, Director (2002–2007)
* [[Vijay Govindarajan]], ''[[The New York Times Best Seller list|New York Times]]'' and ''[[The Wall Street Journal|Wall Street Journal]]'' best-selling author, Thinkers50 Hall of Fame 2019 and Coxe Distinguished Professor, [[Tuck School of Business]]
* [[Anil Kumar Gupta]], professor, awarded [[Padma Shri]] for his contributions to management education
* [[Frank Land]], [[information systems]] researcher and was the first United Kingdom Professor of Information Systems
* [[Harsh Mander]], retired IAS officer and former member, [[National Advisory Council (India)|National Advisory Council]], Govt. of India
* [[Ravi J. Matthai]], first full-time Director, management educationist noted for establishing [[Institute of Rural Management Anand]]
* [[Abhishek Mishra]], faculty member for six years before leaving to become a member of [[Samajwadi Party]] and an elected MLA of [[Uttar Pradesh]]
* [[Ashish Nanda]], Institute Director 2013–2017
* [[I. G. Patel]], former director and 14th governor of the [[Reserve Bank of India]]
* [[Akhileshwar Pathak]], professor of [[Corporate law|business law]]
* [[Samuel Paul]], [[Padma Shri]] awardee, IIMA's second director (1972–78)
* [[C. K. Prahalad]], management thinker, exponent of [[core competency]] and [[The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid]]
* [[Rajnish Rai]], former DGP, Indian Police; served as assistant professor
* [[C. Rangarajan]], former member of parliament and 19th governor of the [[Reserve Bank of India]]
* [[Jerry Rao]], founder and former CEO of the software company [[MphasiS]]
* [[T. V. Rao]], Indian [[human resources]] professional
* [[N. Ravichandran (professor)|N. Ravichandran]], fourth full-time director of [[Indian Institute of Management Indore|The Indian Institute of Management Indore]]
* [[Y. Venugopal Reddy]], 21st governor of the [[Reserve Bank of India]]
* [[Jahar Saha]], institute director 1998–2002
* [[Dheeraj Sharma (professor)|Dheeraj Sharma]], director, [[Indian Institute of Management Rohtak]]
* [[Ashok Som]]
* [[Marti G. Subrahmanyam]], best known for his research in the areas of corporate finance, capital markets and international finance
* [[Dwijendra Tripathi]], professor of business history for over 25 years; considered the "father of business history" in India

== Administration ==
* [[N. R. Narayana Murthy]], Indian IT industrialist; co-founder of [[Infosys]]; first job was chief systems programmer at IIM Ahmedabad

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://alumni.iimahd.ernet.in/}}

{{Indian Institutes of Management}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:IIM Ahmedabad people}}
[[Category:Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad alumni| ]]
[[Category:Indian Institutes of Management alumni]]
[[Category:Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad|People]]
[[Category:Lists of people by university or college in India|Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad]]
[[Category:Ahmedabad-related lists|Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad]]

Algapur–Katlicherra Assembly constituency

2026-05-04T17:28:23Z

Provastu6: Started new stub w/ refs

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}

{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Algapur–Katlicherra
| constituency_no = 122
| type = SLA
| map_image =
| state = [[Assam]]
| latest_election_year = [[2026 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Karimganj Lok Sabha constituency|Karimganj]]
| established = 2023
| district = [[Hailakandi district|Hailakandi]]
| reservation = None
| mla = [[Zubair Anam Mazumder]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| alliance =
| electors =
}}

'''Algapur–Katlicherra Assembly constituency''' is one of the 126 Assembly constituencies of the [[Assam Legislative Assembly]] in [[Hailakandi district]], Assam. The constituency was created after delimitation in 2023 by renaming and reorganising the former '''Algapur''' constituency.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eci.gov.in/Documents/Delimitation/DELIMITATIONASSAM_UPDATED.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies of State of Assam|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|access-date=2025-11-28}}</ref>

==Overview==
As per orders of the Delimitation Commission, No. 122 Algapur Katlicherra Assembly constituency was composed of circle No. 1 in Hailakandi Police Station in Hailakandi Sub-Division; and circle Nos. 23 and 24 in Silchar Police Station in Silchar Sub-Division.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=DELIMITATION OF PARLIAMENTARY AND ASSEMBLY CONSTITUENCIES ORDER, 2008 |publisher=eci.nic.in|accessdate= 1 July 2016}}</ref>

==Town Details==

*Country: India.
* State: Assam.
* District: Barak Valley region and Hailakandi district of Assam.<ref name="alga ref2">{{cite news |title=Algapur Election Result 2021 Live Updates: Nijam Uddin Choudhury of BJP Wins |url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/algapur-election-result-2021-live-updates-algapur-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-3696203.html |access-date=12 November 2021 |publisher=news18.com |date=2 May 2021}}</ref>
* Lok Sabha Constituency: [[Karimganj Lok Sabha constituency|Karimganj Lok Sabha]]/Parliamentary constituency.
* Assembly Categorisation: Rural
* Literacy Level: 75.26%.
* Eligible Electors as per 2021 General Elections: 1,63,049 Eligible Electors. Male Electors:85,905. Female Electors:77,140.
* Geographic Co-Ordinates: 24°44’31.9"N 92°35’45.6"E.
* Total Area Covered: 277 square kilometres.
* Area Includes:Circle No. 1 in Hailakandi thana in Hailakandi sub-division; and circle Nos. 23 and 24 in Silchar thana in Silchar sub-division of Hailakandi district of Assam.
* Inter State Border :Hailakandi.
* Number Of Polling Stations: Year 2011–170, Year 2016–177, Year 2021–8.

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Election
! Member
! colspan="2"|Political Party
|-
|1978
|[[Nepal Chandra Das]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1980
|[[Moulana Abdul Jalil Choudhury]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|1985
|rowspan=4|[[Sahidul Alam Choudhary]]
|{{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
|1991
|{{Full party name with color|Asom Gana Parishad}}
|-
|1996
|{{Full party name with color|Asom Gana Parishad}}
|-
|2001
|{{Full party name with color|Asom Gana Parishad}}
|-
|2006
|[[Rahul Roy (politician)|Rahul Roy]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|2011
|[[Sahidul Alam Choudhary]]
|{{Full party name with color|Asom Gana Parishad}}
|-
|2013 ([[by-election]])
|[[Mandira Roy]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|2016
|rowspan=2|[[Nizam Uddin Choudhury]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India United Democratic Front}}
|-
|2021<ref name="alga ref1">{{cite news |title=Assam Election Results 2021: Check Full List Of Winners |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/assam-election-results-2021-check-full-list-of-winners-2426707 |access-date=12 November 2021 |publisher=ndtv.com |date=3 May 2021}}</ref>
|{{Full party name with color|All India United Democratic Front}}
|-
|2026
|[[Zubair Anam Mazumder]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}

== Election results ==
=== 2026 ===

{{Election box begin|title= [[2026 Assam Legislative Assembly election]]: Algapur-Katlicherra}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Zubair Anam Mazumder
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 145661
|percentage = 64.16
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Zakir Hussain Laskar
|party = Asom Gana Parishad
|votes = 40213
|percentage = 17.71
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Suzam Uddin Laskar
|party = Independent
|votes = 29230
|percentage = 12.87
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Nijam Uddin Choudhury
|party = Independent
|votes = 3391
|percentage = 1.49
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Haydar Hussain Laskar
|party = Independent
|votes = 1954
|percentage = 0.86
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Ikbal Bahar Mozumder
|party = Independent
|votes = 1153
|percentage = 0.51
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Sujam Uddin Laskar
|party = Independent
|votes = 986
|percentage = 0.43
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Muzakkir Hasan Laskar
|party = Independent
|votes = 486
|percentage = 0.21
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Samin Ahmed Choudhury
|party = Independent
|votes = 378
|percentage = 0.17
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Sabbir Ahmed Choudhury
|party = Independent
|votes = 307
|percentage = 0.14
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Sirajul Islam Laskar
|party = Independent
|votes = 566
|percentage = 0.25
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Sirajul Islam Barbhuiya
|party = Independent
|votes = 299
|percentage = 0.13
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Foriz Zaman Mazumder
|party = Independent
|votes = 289
|percentage = 0.13
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Mustak Hussain Barbhuiya
|party = Independent
|votes = 249
|percentage = 0.11
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Jamil Ahmed Choudhury
|party = Independent
|votes = 339
|percentage = 0.15
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = NOTA
|party = None of the above
|votes = 1542
|percentage = 0.68
|change =
}}

{{Election box margin of victory
|votes = 105448
|percentage = 46.45
|change =
}}

{{Election box turnout
|votes = 227043
|percentage =
|change =
}}

{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser = Asom Gana Parishad
|swing =
}}

{{Election box end}}

===2016===
{{Election box begin
|title=[[2016 Assam Legislative Assembly election]]: Algapur}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India United Democratic Front
|candidate = Nizamuddin Choudhury
|votes = 50,531
|percentage = 42.30
|change = -4.47
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Kaushik Rai
|votes = 32,777
|percentage = 27.44
|change = +24.97
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Rahul Roy
|votes = 25,927
|percentage = 21.70
|change = -25.89
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Asom Gana Parishad
|candidate = Mehnaz Sahid Choudhury
|votes = 5,822
|percentage = 4.87
|change = +4.03
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 768
|percentage = 0.64
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 17,754
|percentage = 14.86
|change = +14.04
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 1,19,432
|percentage = 83.21
|change = +4.42
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 1,43,537
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India United Democratic Front
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2013 by-election===
{{Election box begin
|title=2013 by-election: Algapur}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Mandira Roy]]
|votes = 52,814
|percentage = 47.59
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India United Democratic Front
|candidate = Mehbubul Hasan Laskar
|votes = 51,899
|percentage = 46.77
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Sashadhar Paul
|votes = 2,742
|percentage = 2.47
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Asom Gana Parishad
|candidate = Kamrul Islam Choudhury
|votes = 933
|percentage = 0.84
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 915
|percentage = 0.82
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 1,10,969
|percentage = 78.79
|change =
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 1,40,831
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser = Asom Gana Parishad
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Algapur]]
*[[Hailakandi District]]
* [[List of constituencies of Assam Legislative Assembly]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web |title=Results of all Assam Assembly elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/67-assam/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Assam}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Assam]]
[[Category:Hailakandi district| ]]
[[Category:Politics of Assam]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1978]]
[[Category:1978 establishments in Assam]]

Rusty-spotted cat

2026-04-30T18:39:16Z

Provastu6: Made a details

{{Short description|Small wild cat species native to South Asia}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Rusty-spotted cat
| image = Rusty spotted cat 1.jpg
| status = NT
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |title=''Prionailurus rubiginosus'' |name-list-style=amp |author=Mukherjee, S. |author2=Duckworth, J.W. |author3=Silva, A. |author4=Appel, A. |author5=Kittle, A. |date=2016 |article-number=e.T18149A50662471 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T18149A50662471.en |access-date=16 January 2022}}</ref>
| status2 = CITES_A1
| status2_system = CITES
| status2_ref = <ref name=iucn/>
| genus = Prionailurus
| species = rubiginosus<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Wozencraft |pages=543–544 |id=14000195 |heading=Species ''Prionailurus rubiginosus''}}</ref>
| authority = ([[Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire|Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire]], 1834)
| range_map = Rusty-spottedCat distribution.jpg
| range_map_caption = {{leftlegend|#D27122|range of the rusty-spotted cat in 2016<ref name=iucn />}}
}}

The '''rusty-spotted cat''' ('''''Prionailurus rubiginosus''''') is one of the [[felidae|cat]] family's smallest members. It is native to [[India]], [[Nepal]] and [[Sri Lanka]]. Since 2016, it has been listed as [[Near Threatened]] on the [[IUCN Red List]] as the global population is affected by loss and destruction of its prime habitat, [[deciduous forest]]s.

==Taxonomy==
''Felis rubiginosa'' was the [[scientific name]] used by [[Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire]] in 1831 for a rusty-spotted cat specimen from [[Puducherry district|Pondicherry]], India.<ref name=Geoffroy1831>{{cite book |last1=Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire |first1=I. |year=1831 |chapter=Le Chat à Taches de Rouille, ''Felis rubiginosa'' (Nob.) |chapter-url=https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/view/bsb10469043?page=182 |pages=140–144 |title=Voyage aux Indes-Orientales par le nord de l'Europe, les provinces du Caucases, la Géorgie, l'Arménie et la Perse, suivi des détails topographiques, statistiques et autre sur le Pégou, les Iles de Jave, de Maurice et de Bourbon, sur le Cap-de-bonne-Espérance et Sainte-Hélène, pendant les années 1825, 1826, 1827, 1828 et 1829. Tome 3: Zoologie |editor1-last=Bélanger |editor1-first=C. |editor2-last=Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire |editor2-first=I. |publisher=Arthus Bertrand |location=Paris}}</ref> ''Prionailurus'' was proposed by [[Nikolai Severtzov]] in 1858 as a [[Generic name (biology)|generic name]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Severtzow |first1=M. N. |year=1858 |title=Notice sur la classification multisériale des Carnivores, spécialement des Félidés, et les études de zoologie générale qui s'y rattachent |journal=Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée |volume=X |pages=385–396 |url=https://archive.org/stream/revueetmagasinde10soci#page/386/mode/2up}}</ref> ''Prionailurus rubiginosus phillipsi'' was proposed by [[Reginald Innes Pocock]] in 1939 who described a specimen from the [[Central Province, Sri Lanka]] and subordinated both to the genus ''Prionailurus''.<ref name=Pocock39/>

=== Phylogeny ===
[[Phylogenetic]] analysis of the [[nuclear DNA]] in tissue samples from all Felidae species revealed that the [[evolutionary radiation]] of the Felidae began in Asia in the [[Miocene]] around {{mya|14.45|8.38}}.<ref name=Johnson2006>{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=W. E. |last2=Eizirik |first2=E. |last3=Pecon-Slattery |first3=J. |last4=Murphy |first4=W. J. |author5=Antunes, A. |author6=Teeling, E. |author7=O'Brien, S. J. |name-list-style=amp |year=2006 |doi=10.1126/science.1122277 |title=The Late Miocene radiation of modern Felidae: A genetic assessment |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |volume=311 |pages=73–77 |pmid=16400146 |issue=5757 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1230866 |bibcode=2006Sci...311...73J |s2cid=41672825 |access-date=2020-05-04 |archive-date=2020-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004075725/https://zenodo.org/record/1230866 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Werdelin2010>{{cite book |last1=Werdelin |first1=L. |last2=Yamaguchi |first2=N. |last3=Johnson |first3=W. E. |last4=O'Brien |first4=S. J. |name-list-style=amp |chapter=Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae) |year=2010 |pages=59–82 |chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266755142 |editor1-last=Macdonald |editor1-first=D. W. |editor2-last=Loveridge |editor2-first=A. J. |title=Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford, UK |isbn=978-0-19-923445-5 |access-date=2020-05-04 |archive-date=2018-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180925141956/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266755142 |url-status=live }}</ref> Analysis of [[mitochondrial DNA]] of all Felidae species indicates a radiation at around {{mya|16.76|6.46}}.<ref name=Li_al2016>{{cite journal |author=Li, G. |author2=Davis, B. W. |author3=Eizirik, E. |name-list-style=amp |author4=Murphy, W. J. |year=2016 |title=Phylogenomic evidence for ancient hybridization in the genomes of living cats (Felidae) |journal=Genome Research |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–11 |doi=10.1101/gr.186668.114 |pmid=26518481 |pmc=4691742}}</ref>

The ''Prionailurus'' species are estimated to have had a [[common ancestor]] between {{mya|8.16|4.53}},<ref name=Johnson2006/> and {{mya|8.76|0.73}}.<ref name=Li_al2016/> The rusty-spotted cat possibly [[Genetic divergence|genetically diverged]] from this ancestor between {{mya|6.54|3.42}}.<ref name=Johnson2006/> Both models agree in the rusty-spotted cat having been the first cat of this [[Lineage (genetic)|lineage]] that diverged, followed by the [[flat-headed cat]] (''P. planiceps'') and the [[fishing cat]] (''P. viverrinus'').<ref name=Johnson2006/><ref name=Li_al2016/> The following [[cladogram]] shows the phylogenetic relationships of the rusty-spotted cat as derived through analysis of nuclear DNA:<ref name=Johnson2006/><ref name=Werdelin2010/>

{{cladogram |align=left |style=font-size:90%;line-height:100%;width:500px;
|cladogram={{clade |label1=[[Felidae]]
|1={{clade |label1=[[Felinae]]
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1={{clade |label1=''Prionailurus''
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=Leopard cat
|2=Fishing Cat }}
|2=Flat-headed cat }}
|2='''Rusty-spotted cat''' }} }}
|2=[[Pallas's cat]] (''O. manul'') |label2=''Otocolobus''}} }}
|2=other Felinae lineages }}
|2=[[Pantherinae]] }} }} }}
{{clear|left}}

==Characteristics==
[[File:Rustyspottedcatskull.png|thumb|Illustration of a skull<ref name=Pocock39>{{cite book |author=Pocock, R. I. |year=1939 |title=The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma |volume=Mammalia. – Volume 1 |location=London |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd. |chapter=''Prionailurus rubiginosus'' Geoffroy. The Rusty-spotted Cat |pages=276–280 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/PocockMammalia1/pocock1#page/n351/mode/2up}}</ref>]]
The rusty-spotted cat has a short reddish grey fur over most of the body with rusty spots on the back and flanks. Four blackish lines run over the eyes, and two of them extend over the neck. Six dark streaks are on each side of the head, extending over the cheeks and forehead. Its chin, throat, inner side of the limbs and belly are whitish with tiny brownish spots. It has a rusty band on the chest. Its paws and tail are uniform reddish grey.<ref name=Geoffroy1831/>

It is the smallest wild cat in [[Asia]] and rivals the [[black-footed cat]] as the world's smallest wild cat. It is {{cvt|35|to|48|cm}} in length, with a {{cvt|15|to|30|cm}} tail, and weighs {{cvt|0.9|to|1.6|kg|lb}}. The bushy tail is about half the length of the body.<ref name=WCoW>{{cite book |author=Sunquist, M. |author2=Sunquist, F. |name-list-style=amp |year=2002 |title=Wild Cats of the World |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |chapter=Rusty-spotted Cat ''Prionailurus rubiginosus'' (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1834) |pages=237–240 |isbn=0-226-77999-8 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/wildcatsofworld00sunq/page/237}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
The distribution of the rusty-spotted cat is relatively restricted. It occurs mainly in [[Moist forest|moist]] and [[dry deciduous forest]]s as well as scrub and [[grassland]], but is likely absent in [[evergreen forest]].<ref name="nowell1996">{{Cite book |title=Wild Cats: status survey and conservation action plan |last1=Nowell |first1=K. |last2=Jackson |first2=P. |publisher=IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group, Gland, Switzerland |year=1996 |chapter=Rusty-spotted Cat ''Prionailurus rubiginosus'' |chapter-url=http://www.catsg.org/catsgportal/cat-website/catfolk/rubig01.htm |access-date=2011-03-18 |archive-date=2018-01-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113093100/http://www.catsg.org/catsgportal/cat-website/catfolk/rubig01.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> It prefers dense vegetation and rocky areas.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kittle |first1=A. |last2=Watson |first2=A. |name-list-style=amp |year=2004 |title=Rusty-spotted cat in Sri Lanka: observations of an arid zone population |journal=Cat News |issue=40 |pages=17–19}}</ref><ref name="patel06">{{Cite journal |last=Patel |first=K. |year=2006 |title=Observations of rusty-spotted cat in eastern Gujarat |journal=Cat News |issue=45 |pages=27–28}}</ref>

In India, it was long thought to be confined to the south, but records have established that it occurs over much of the country.<ref name="nowell1996" /> It was observed in eastern [[Gujarat]]'s [[Gir National Park]], in [[Maharashtra]]'s [[Tadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve]] and along India's [[Eastern Ghats]].<ref name="patel06" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pathak |first=B. J. |year=1990 |title=Rusty spotted cat ''Felis rubiginosa'' Geoffroy: A new record for Gir Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park |journal=Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society |volume=87 |page=8}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dubey |first=Y. |year=1999 |title=Sighting of rusty spotted cat in Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve, Maharashtra |journal=Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society |volume=96 |issue=2 |page=310}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Manakadan |first1=R. |last2=Sivakumar |first2=S. |name-list-style=amp |year=2006 |title=Rusty-spotted cat on India's east coast |journal=Cat News |issue=45 |page=26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Behera |first=S. |year=2008 |title=Rusty-spotted Cat in Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve |journal=Cat News |issue=48 |page=19}}</ref> [[Camera trap]]ping revealed its presence in [[Pilibhit Tiger Reserve]] in the Indian [[Terai]] and in [[Nagzira Wildlife Sanctuary]] in Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Anwar |first1=M. |last2=Kumar |first2=H. |last3=Vattakavan |first3=J. |name-list-style=amp |year=2010 |title=Range extension of rusty-spotted cat to the Indian Terai |journal=Cat News |issue=53 |pages=25–26}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Patel |first1=K. |year=2010 |title=New distribution record data for rusty-spotted cat from Central India |journal=Cat News |issue=53 |pages=26–27}}</ref> In western Maharashtra, the rusty-spotted cat is breeding in a human dominated agricultural landscape, where rodent densities are high.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Athreya |first1=V. |year=2010 |title=Rusty-spotted cat more common than we think? |journal=Cat News |issue=53 |page=27}}</ref> In December 2014 and in April 2015, it was photographed by camera traps in the [[Kalesar National Park]] of [[Haryana]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ghaskadbi |first1=P. |last2=Habib |first2=B. |last3=Mir |first3=Z. |last4=Ray |first4=R. |last5=Talukdar |first5=G. |last6=Lyngdoh |first6=S. |last7=Pandav |first7=B. |last8=Nigam |first8=P. |last9=Kaur |first9=A. |name-list-style=amp |year=2016 |title=Rusty-spotted Cat in Kalesar National Park and Sanctuary, Haryana, India |journal=Cat News |issue=63 |pages=28–29 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316159185 |access-date=2018-01-12 |archive-date=2021-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125082850/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316159185_Rusty-spotted_cat_in_Kalesar_National_Park_and_Sanctuary_Haryana_India |url-status=live }}</ref> It was also recorded by camera traps in [[Mirzapur]] Forest Division of [[Uttar Pradesh]] in 2018.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sinha |first1=D. |last2=Chaudhary |first2=R. |name-list-style=amp |title=Wildlife Inventory and Proposal for Sloth Bear Conservation Reserve in Marihan-Sukrit-Chunar Landscape of Mirzapur Forest Division, Uttar Pradesh |date=2019 |publisher=Vindhyan Ecology and Natural History Foundation |location=Mirzapur |isbn=978-93-5279-561-1 |page=32 |url=https://vindhyabachao.org/mirzapur-wildlife |access-date=16 August 2019 |archive-date=7 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807002224/https://vindhyabachao.org/mirzapur-wildlife |url-status=live}}</ref>

In March 2012, a rusty-spotted cat was photographed in [[Bardia National Park]] for the first time, and in March 2016 also in [[Shuklaphanta National Park]], both in Nepal.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Appel |first=A. |year=2016 |title=The first records of Rusty-spotted Cat in Nepal |journal=Small Wild Cat Conservation News |issue=2 |pages=8–10 |url=https://www.dropbox.com/s/pdy1unqdzizsvcn/SWCCN2016_02.pdf?dl=1 |access-date=2018-02-10 |archive-date=2023-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812033020/https://uc83ef3e442a457f2754ff97932b.dl.dropboxusercontent.com/cd/0/get/CBpOEDx4-AvQCeNClp6BBKMH7wqJ_OieuuQkJHXsM7kJMh_kAbAE5jmW1USdflbEGJqNvU3df2uh0WI-2kNWbY7rVW-VlLBAMj74e3YFbIsEu4uvq3T8oU44oANoep5JQBE/file?dl=1 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lamichhane |first1=B. R. |last2=Kadariya |first2=R. |last3=Subedi |first3=N. |last4=Dhakal |first4=B. K. |last5=Dhakal |first5=M. |last6=Thapa |first6=K. |last7=Acharya |first7=K.P. |name-list-style=amp |year=2016 |title=Rusty-spotted Cat: 12th cat species discovered in Western Terai of Nepal |journal=Cat News |issue=64 |pages=30–33}}</ref>

In Sri Lanka, there are a few records in montane and lowland [[rainforest]]. There are two distinct populations, one in the [[Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests|dry zone]] and the other in the wet zone.<ref name="Deraniyagala56">{{Cite journal |last=Deraniyagala |first=P. E. P. |date=1956 |title=A new subspecies of rusty spotted cat from Ceylon |journal=Spolia Zeylanica 28 |page=113}}</ref>
In 2016, it was recorded for the first time in [[Horton Plains National Park]] at elevations of {{cvt|2084|-|2162|m}}.<ref name="Nimalrathna et al. 2019">{{cite journal |last1=Nimalrathna |first1=T. |last2=Choo |first2=Y. R. |last3=Kudavidanage |first3=E. |last4=Amarasinghe |first4=T. |last5=Bandara |first5=U. |last6=Wanninayaka |first6=W. |last7=Ravindrakumar |first7=P. |last8=Chua |first8=M.A.H. |last9=Webb |first9=E.L. |name-list-style=amp |year=2019 |title=First photographic record of the Rusty-spotted Cat ''Prionailurus rubiginosus'' (I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1831) (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) in Horton Plains National Park, Sri Lanka |journal=Journal of Threatened Taxa |volume=11 |issue=4 |pages=13506–13510 |doi=10.11609/jott.4094.11.4.13506-13510 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

== Ecology and behaviour ==
[[File:Rusty spotted cat 2, crop.jpg|thumb|Rusty-spotted cat in its natural habitat]]
[[File:Rustyspottedcat, crop.jpg|thumb|Rusty-spotted cat photographed in the [[Anaimalai Hills]]]]
Very little is known about the ecology and behaviour of the rusty-spotted cat in the wild. Captive ones are mostly [[nocturnal animal|nocturnal]] but also briefly active during the day.<ref name=WCoW/> Most wild ones were also recorded after dark. At Horton Plain National Park in Sri Lanka, they were mostly recorded between sunset and sunrise, with limited daytime activity.<ref name="Nimalrathna et al. 2019" /> Several individuals were observed hiding in trees and in caves.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Patel |first1=K. |year=2011 |title=Preliminary survey of small cats in Eastern Gujarat, India |journal=Cat News |issue=54 |pages=8–11}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Anwar |first1=M. |last2=Hasan |first2=D. |last3=Vattakavan |first3=J. |name-list-style=amp |year=2012 |title=Rusty-spotted cat in Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh State, India |journal=Cat News |issue=56 |pages=12–13}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Vasava |first1=A. |last2=Bipin |first2=C. M. |last3=Solanki |first3=R. |last4=Singh |first4=A. |name-list-style=amp |year=2012 |title=Record of rusty-spotted cat from Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh, India |journal=Cat News |issue=57 |pages=22–23}}</ref>

It feeds mainly on [[rodent]]s and [[bird]]s, but also preys on [[lizard]]s, [[frog]]s, and [[insect]]s. It hunts primarily on the ground, making rapid, darting movements to catch its prey. It apparently ventures into trees to escape larger predators. Captive females and males both [[Territory (animal)#Scent marking|scent-mark]] their home range by [[spraying urine]].<ref name=WCoW/>

=== Reproduction ===
[[File:Prionailurus rubiginosus 9-Parc des félins.JPG|thumb|A rusty-spotted cat kitten at the [[Parc des Félins]], France]]
The female's [[oestrus]] lasts five days, and mating is unusually brief. Since the female is likely to be vulnerable during this period, its brevity may be an adaptation to help it avoid larger predators. She prepares a den in a secluded location, and after a [[gestation]] of 65–70 days gives birth to one or two kittens. At birth, the kittens weigh just {{cvt|60|to|77|g|oz}}, and are marked with rows of black spots. They reach sexual maturity at around 68 weeks, by which time they have developed the distinctive adult coat pattern of rusty blotches. Rusty-spotted cats have lived for twelve years in captivity; their lifespan in the wild is unknown.<ref name=WCoW/>

== Threats ==
Habitat loss and the spread of cultivation are serious problems for wildlife in both India and Sri Lanka. Although there are several records of the rusty-spotted cat in cultivated and settled areas, it is not known to what degree these populations are able to persist in such areas. There have been occasional reports of rusty-spotted cat skins in trade.<ref name="nowell1996" /> In some areas, it is hunted for food or as a livestock pest.<ref name=WCoW/>

==Conservation==
[[File:Rostkatze Zoo Berlin.JPG|thumb|Rusty-spotted cat in Berlin Zoo, 2008]]

The Indian population is listed on [[CITES Appendix I]]. The Sri Lankan population is included on [[CITES Appendix II]]. The species is fully protected over most of its range, with hunting and trade banned in India and Sri Lanka.<ref name=iucn />

As of 2010, the captive population of ''P. r. phillipsi'' comprised 56 individuals in eight institutions, of which 11 individuals were kept in the [[Colombo Zoo]] in Sri Lanka and 45 individuals in seven European zoos.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bender |first1=U. |year=2011 |title=International Register and Studbook for the Rusty-Spotted Cat ''Prionailurus rubiginosus phillipsi'' (Pocock, 1939) |location=Frankfurt |publisher=Frankfurt Zoo |url=http://library.sandiegozoo.org/studbooks/carnivores/rustyspottedcat2010.pdf }}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |url=https://www.catsg.org/living-species-rustyspottedcat |publisher=IUCN Cat Specialist Group |title=Rusty-spotted Cat ''Prionailurus rubiginosus''}}
* {{cite news |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/ahmedabad/1821719/report-in-a-first-rusty-spotted-cat-sighted-in-kutch |publisher=DNA India |title=In a first, rusty-spotted cat sighted in Kutch |date=2013}}
* {{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/science-environment-42668649/smallest-cat-in-world-footage-of-rare-animal |title=Smallest cat in world: Footage of rare animal |publisher=BBC News |date=2018}}

{{Carnivora|Fe.}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q309274}}

[[Category:Felidae of Asia]]
[[Category:Felidae of India]]
[[Category:Mammals described in 1831]]
[[Category:Mammals of Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:Near threatened biota of Asia]]
[[Category:Prionailurus]]

Vidhu Ayyanna

2026-04-29T17:44:13Z

Provastu6:

{{Short description|Indian cinematographer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Vidhu Ayyanna
| notable_works = ''[[Maaveeran (2023 film)|Maaveeran]]'' (2023)
}}
'''Vidhu Ayyanna''' is an [[Indian cinematographers|Indian cinematographer]] who predominantly works in the [[Tamil cinema|Tamil film industry]].

== Career ==
Vidhu's collaboration with [[Madonne Ashwin]] began with the film ''[[Mandela (2021 film)|Mandela]]''. Vidhu drew inspiration from various sources, including the French painting ''[[Liberty Leading the People]]'' for ''[[Maaveeran (2023 film)|Maaveeran]]'s'' climax, aiming to project a revolution.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Sundar |first=Anusha |date=2023-08-07 |title='Visuals can never compensate for the lack of a story,' says 'Maaveeran's DoP Vidhu Ayyanna |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2023/Aug/07/visuals-can-never-compensate-for-the-lack-of-a-story-says-maaveerans-dop-vidhu-ayyanna-2602625.html |access-date=2024-06-16 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=2024-06-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616141819/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2023/Aug/07/visuals-can-never-compensate-for-the-lack-of-a-story-says-maaveerans-dop-vidhu-ayyanna-2602625.html |url-status=live }}</ref> For ''[[Mandela (2021 film)|Mandela]]'', the African beats in [[Bharath Sankar (composer)|Bharath Sankar]]'s music inspired Vidhu to use warm, earthy tones and darker skin tones, drawing from African aesthetics.<ref name=":1" />

Vidhu is currently working on [[Bhanu Bhogavarapu]]'s directorial debut, ''[[Mass Jathara]]''.<ref name=":0" />

== Filmography ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+As cinematographer
!Year
!Title
!Language
!Refs
|-
|2017
|''[[Meyaadha Maan]]''
|Tamil
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Meyaadha Maan Movie Review |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/meyaadha-maan/movie-review/61128559.cms |access-date=2024-07-25 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=2024-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725193146/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/meyaadha-maan/movie-review/61128559.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2019
|[[LKG (film)|''LKG'']]
|Tamil
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-02-21 |title=RJ Balaji's 'LKG' gets early morning shows |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/rj-balajis-lkg-gets-early-morning-shows/articleshow/68060702.cms |access-date=2024-07-25 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|2020
|''[[Oh My Kadavule]]''
|Tamil
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chandar |first=Bhuvanesh |date=8 February 2022 |title=Ashok Selvan, Ritu Varma team up again |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/2022/Feb/08/ashok-selvan-ritu-varma-team-up-again-2416591.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="2" |2021
|[[Mandela (2021 film)|''Mandela'']]
|Tamil
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|''[[November Story]]''
|Tamil
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pudipeddi |first=Haricharan |date=20 May 2021 |title=November Story review: Tamannaah's show is a slow-burning, effective crime thriller with a shaky ending |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/november-story-review-tamannaah-s-show-is-a-slow-burning-effective-crime-thriller-with-a-shaky-ending-101621515927630.html |access-date=25 July 2024 |archive-date=24 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210524154010/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/november-story-review-tamannaah-s-show-is-a-slow-burning-effective-crime-thriller-with-a-shaky-ending-101621515927630.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="2" |2022
|''[[Ori Devuda]]''
|Telugu
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=hansindia |date=2022-10-21 |title=Ori Devuda Movie review: Passable entertainer, but missing in parts |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/movie-reviews/ori-devuda-movie-review-passable-entertainer-but-missing-in-parts-78945 |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=www.thehansindia.com |language=te}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Nitham Oru Vaanam]]''
|Tamil
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Darshan |first=Navein |date=2022-11-04 |title=Nitham Oru Vaanam Movie Review: Sincere performances elevate this breezy, feel-good entertainer |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2022/Nov/04/ashok-selvans-nitham-oru-vaanam-movie-reviewnovel-performances-elevate-this-breezy-feel-good-ent-36241.html |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=Cinema Express |language=en |archive-date=2022-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104110348/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2022/nov/04/ashok-selvans-nitham-oru-vaanam-movie-reviewnovel-performances-elevate-this-breezy-feel-good-ent-36241.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2023
|[[Maaveeran (2023 film)|''Maaveeran'']]
|Tamil
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|2025
|''[[Mass Jathara]]''
|Telugu
|<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2024-06-11 |title=Ravi Teja's 'RT 75', also starring Sreeleela, goes on floors |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/ravi-tejas-rt-75-also-starring-sreeleela-goes-on-floors/article68276992.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615202038/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/ravi-tejas-rt-75-also-starring-sreeleela-goes-on-floors/article68276992.ece |archive-date=2024-06-15 |access-date=2024-06-16 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|}

== Awards and nominations ==

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; text-align: center;"
|+ List of Vidhu Ayyanna awards and nominations
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Category
! scope="col" | Nominated work
! scope="col" | Result
! scope="col" | Ref.
|-
|[[9th South Indian International Movie Awards|2021]]
| rowspan="2" |Best Cinematographer
|''[[Oh My Kadavule]]''
|rowspan="1" {{nom}}
|{{Citation needed|date=July 2024}}
|-
|[[11th South Indian International Movie Awards|2023]]
|''[[Nitham Oru Vaanam]]''
|{{nom}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-15 |title=SIIMA 2023 nominations Tamil: 'Ponniyin Selvan 1' and 'Vikram' dominate the award categories |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/siima-2023-nominations-tamil-ponniyin-selvan-1-and-vikram-dominate-the-award-categories/articleshow/103685580.cms |access-date=2024-07-25 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{IMDb name|id=9350582}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Tamil cinematographers]]
[[Category:Telugu film cinematographers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian photographers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{India-film-bio-stub}}

Iqra Choudhary

2026-04-27T08:08:14Z

Provastu6: new

{{Short description|Indian politician (born 1994)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Iqra Choudhary
| image =
| office1 = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| constituency1 = [[Kairana Lok Sabha constituency|Kairana]]
| term_start1 = 24 June 2024
| term_end1 =
| predecessor1 = [[Pradeep Kumar (politician)|Pradeep Kumar Choudhary]]
| successor1 =
| party = [[Samajwadi Party]]
| education = [[Master of Science]]
| alma_mater = [[SOAS University of London]] [[Lady Shri Ram College]]
| father = [[Chaudhary Munawwar Hasan]]
| mother = [[Begum Tabassum Hasan]]
| occupation = [[Politician]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1994|08|26|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Kairana]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India
| relations = [[Nahid Hasan]] (brother)
}}
'''Iqra Choudhary''' or '''Iqra Hasan''' (born 26 August 1994; {{IPA|hi|ɪkɾaː t͡ʃɔːd̪ʱ.ɾiː}}, {{IPA|hi|ɪqɾaː|also}}) is an Indian politician. She is the member of [[Lok Sabha]] from [[Kairana Lok Sabha constituency]] since 4 June 2024.<ref name="eci">{{Cite web |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S242.htm |title=Election Commission of India |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=results.eci.gov.in |access-date=4 June 2024}}</ref> She is a member of the [[Samajwadi Party]].<ref name="eci"/><ref name="neta">{{Cite web |url=https://www.myneta.info/LokSabha2024/candidate.php?candidate_id=289 |title=Iqra Choudhary(Samajwadi Party(SP)):Constituency- KAIRANA(UTTAR PRADESH) |access-date=4 June 2024|website=myneta.info}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Iqra is the daughter of [[Chaudhary Munawwar Hasan]], a former [[Member of the Lok Sabha]] as well as the [[Rajya Sabha]], and [[Begum Tabassum Hasan]], a former Member of the Lok Sabha born on 26 August 1994 in [[Kairana]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India.<ref>{{cite web |title=Choudhary, Ms Iqra |url=https://sansad.in/ls/members/biographyM/5795?from=members |website=Digital Sansad |access-date=18 January 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Mukul |first=Sushim |date=19 April 2024 |title=London-educated Kairana ki Beti takes on BJP in West UP seat |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/iqra-ikra-hasan-family-kairana-bjp-western-up-pradeep-chaudhry-jaats-gujjars-muslims-2529233-2024-04-19 |magazine=India Today |access-date=24 January 2025}}</ref> She belongs to a [[Muslim Gujjar]] family.<ref>{{cite news |last=Verma |first=Ritesh |date=24 December 2024 |title=कैराना सांसद इकरा चौधरी बोलीं- मृगांका सिंह और मेरे परिवार का गोत्र एक ही है, मुझे इस पर गर्व है |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/iqra-hasan-is-proud-of-sharing-gurjar-caste-gotra-with-mriganka-singh-family-kairana-201735047476515.html |work=[[Hindustan]] |access-date=25 January 2025}}</ref>

She completed her schooling at Queen Mary School in New Delhi and earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from [[Lady Shri Ram College]], Delhi University. She later completed her MSc International Politics & Law from [[SOAS University of London]] in 2020.<ref name="neta" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmad |first=Ghazala |date=17 April 2024 |title=SOAS graduate, SP's Iqra Hasan takes on BJP, poised to win Kairana Lok Sabha seat in UP |url=https://maktoobmedia.com/india/soas-graduate-sps-iqra-hasan-takes-on-bjp-poised-to-win-kairana-lok-sabha-seat-in-up/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418040934/https://maktoobmedia.com/india/soas-graduate-sps-iqra-hasan-takes-on-bjp-poised-to-win-kairana-lok-sabha-seat-in-up/ |archive-date=18 April 2024 |access-date=7 June 2024 |website=Maktoob media |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sherwani |first=Arfa Khanum |date=30 June 2024 |title=Interview {{!}} Iqra Hasan on Being a Dynast, a Politician and a Representative of Communities |url=https://thewire.in/politics/iqra-hasan-mp-samajwadi-party-interview-arfa-sherwani |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=The Wire |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhandare |first=Namita |date=9 June 2024 |title=Meet the MP: Iqra Munawwar Hasan |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/opinion/meet-the-mp-iqra-munawwar-hasan-101717878292811.html |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Raju |first=S |date=7 June 2024 |title=Young MP faces the challenge of restoring Kairana's reputation |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/young-mp-faces-the-challenge-of-restoring-kairana-s-reputation-101717777701603.html |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>

==Political career==
Iqra comes from a political family, with her grandfather Akhtar Hasan, father [[Chaudhary Munawwar Hasan|Munawwar Hasan]] and mother [[Begum Tabassum Hasan|Tabassum Hasan]] being former MPs from Kairana. Her brother [[Nahid Hasan]] has been a three time Member of Legislative Assembly.<ref name="tnie">{{Cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2022/Jan/24/sister-out-to-retainspbastion-for-jailed-nahid-hassan-in-kairana-2410841.html |title=Uttar Pradesh Polls: Sister out to retain SP bastion for jailed Nahid Hassan in Kairana |author=Namita Bajpai |date=24 January 2022 |access-date=4 June 2024 |publisher=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref><ref name="toi">{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/meerut/iqra-sister-of-jailed-sp-mla-nahid-hasan-gets-ready-for-ls-polls/articleshow/92927957.cms |title=Iqra, sister of jailed SP MLA Nahid Hasan, gets ready for LS polls |author=TNN |date=17 July 2022 |publisher=[[Times of India]] |access-date=4 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Anuj |date=15 April 2024 |title=Practising 'strategic feminism' in the hotbed of patriarchy in Uttar Pradesh |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/practising-strategic-feminism-in-the-hotbed-of-patriarchy-in-uttar-pradesh/article68066956.ece |access-date=16 July 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Noor |first=Aliza |date=10 July 2024 |title='Will Speak on Hate Crime in Parliament': SP MP Iqra Choudhary |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/politics/interview-samajwadi-party-iqra-choudhary-kairana-lok-sabha-muslim-woman-mp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715152835/https://www.thequint.com/news/politics/interview-samajwadi-party-iqra-choudhary-kairana-lok-sabha-muslim-woman-mp#read-more |archive-date=15 July 2024 |access-date=18 July 2024 |website=[[The Quint]] |language=en}}</ref> She started her political career in 2016, contesting in the Zila Panchayat elections and losing by 5000 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Samajwadi Party Candidate Iqra Hasan Wins Kairana Lok Sabha Seat To Strengthen Family Legacy; Factors Contributed To Her Win |url=https://www.thedailyjagran.com/uttar-pradesh/iqra-hasan-kairana-lok-sabha-seat-sp-candidate-factors-contributed-to-samajwadi-party-win-10165146 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=English Jagran |date=5 June 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Savkoor |first=Tanya |title=Who Is Iqra Hasan? New Kairana MP Continuing Family's Political Legacy |url=https://www.shethepeople.tv/news/iqra-hasan-kairana-mp-lok-sabha-elections-2024-4749164 |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=www.shethepeople.tv |language=en}}</ref>

She started an election campaign for her brother Nahid Hasan who was jailed in some cases. She led the campaign and marked his brother as a winning candidate from [[Kairana Assembly constituency]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iqra Hasan: लंदन से पढ़ाई, पिता पूर्व सांसद-भाई विधायक, जानिए कैराना से सपा प्रत्याशी इकरा हसन के बारे में - Iqra Hasan Profile: Lok Sabha Election 2024 know SP Candidate from Kairana Education Political Back Ground in UP Hindi News |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/shamli-city-lok-sabha-election-2024-iqra-hasan-profile-sp-candidate-from-kairana-education-political-back-ground-in-up-hindi-news-23657972.html |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=Jagran |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ara |first=Ismat |date=4 July 2024 |title=Iqra Hasan: Youngest MP from Kairana Brings Fresh Perspective to Indian Politics |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/politics/profile-of-samajwadi-party-mp-iqra-hasan-lok-sabha-election-2024/article68358344.ece |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=Frontline |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mishra |first=Dheeraj |date=19 April 2024 |title=Carrying forward family legacy, SP's Kairana candidate Iqra Hasan looks to bridge 'communal gap' |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/carrying-forward-family-legacy-sps-kairana-candidate-iqra-hasan-looks-to-bridge-communal-gap-9278654/ |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=5 June 2024 |title=Akhilesh's experiment with Youth: For SP, debutants with political lineage wrest 3 seats from BJP |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/akhileshs-experiment-with-youth-for-sp-debutants-with-political-lineage-wrest-3-seats-from-bjp-9372782/ |access-date=12 August 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

During the [[2014 Indian general election|2024 General Election]], Iqra defeated [[Pradeep Kumar (politician)|Pradeep Kumar]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] by a margin of 69,116 votes to become a Member of Parliament from [[Kairana Lok Sabha constituency|Kairana]].<ref name="eci" /><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha/story/kairana-uttar-pradesh-lok-sabha-election-results-2024-live-updates-clse-2547978-2024-06-04 |title=Kairana, Uttar Pradesh Lok Sabha Election Results 2024 Highlights: SP Wins by 112852 Votes |author=India Today News Desk |date=4 June 2024 |access-date=4 June 2024 |publisher=[[India Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dwivedi |first=Kishor |date=16 April 2024 |title=London-educated Iqra Hasan carries forward family's political legacy in west UP's Kairana |url=https://theprint.in/india/london-educated-iqra-hasan-carries-forward-familys-political-legacy-in-west-ups-kairana/2043706/ |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>

During the discussion on the [[Ministry of Education (India)|Ministry of Education]]'s budget, she criticised the budget for discriminating against minority education. She also expressed concerns about the closure of the Maulana Azad Foundation and the removal of important historical and scientific content from textbooks, including [[Darwin's theory]] and the distortion of Mughal history.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=3 August 2024 |title=Iqra Choudhary: Mughal history being distorted to advance a certain kind of narrative |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/iqra-choudhary-mughal-history-being-distorted-to-advance-a-certain-kind-of-narrative/videoshow/112245297.cms |access-date=12 August 2024 |website=The Economic Times |language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Samajwadi Party]]
*[[2024 Indian general election]]
*[[Kairana Lok Sabha constituency]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{18th Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh|state=expanded}}
{{Authority control}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{Subject bar
|commons =
|d =
|q =
|portal1 = Biography
|portal2 = Politics
|portal3 = India
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Choudhary, Iqra}}
[[Category:1994 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Shamli district]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women politicians]]
[[Category:Alumni of SOAS University of London]]
[[Category:India MPs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:Lady Shri Ram College alumni]]
[[Category:Samajwadi Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:Muslim Gujjars]]

Boggula Dastagiri

2026-04-24T23:17:52Z

Provastu6: made new data w/ sources

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Boggula Dastagiri
| office = [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Member of Legislative Assembly Andhra Pradesh]]
| term_start = 2024
| predecessor = [[Jaradoddi Sudhakar]]
| constituency = [[Kodumur Assembly constituency|Kodumur]]
| party = [[Telugu Desam Party]]
| birth_date =
}}
'''Boggula Dastagiri''' (born 1985) is an Indian politician from [[Andhra Pradesh]]. He is an MLA from [[Kodumur Assembly constituency]] which is reserved for SC community in [[Kurnool district]]. He represents [[Telugu Desam Party]]. He won the [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] where TDP had an alliance with [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] and [[Jana Sena Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boggula Dastagiri, TDP Candidate from Kodumur Assembly Election 2024 Seat: Electoral History & Political Journey, Winning or Losing - News18 Assembly Election 2024 Result News |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/andhra-pradesh/boggula-dastagiri-assembly-candidate-s01aed2008a143e2024c001/ |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=www.news18.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenJune2024/partywisewinresult-1745S01.htm</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-04 |title=Andhra Pradesh Assembly Election 2024 Results: Full Winners List |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly-election-2024-results-full-winners-list-tdp-bjp-ysrcp |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=Outlook India |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Dastagiri is from [[Kodumur]], [[Kurnool district]]. His father's name is Boggula Ramudu. He completed his L.L.M. in 2018 at [[Sri Krishnadevaraya University|Sri Krishna Devaraya University]], Anantapuram.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Boggula Dastagiri(TDP):Constituency- KODUMUR (SC)(KURNOOL) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://www.myneta.info/AndhraPradesh2024/candidate.php?candidate_id=31 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref>

== Political career ==
Dastagiri won the [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] from [[Kodumur Assembly constituency]] representing [[Telugu Desam Party]]. He polled 1,01,703 votes and defeated Audimulapu Sateesh of [[YSR Congress Party]] by a margin of 21,583 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kodumur Assembly Election Results 2024: Kodumur Election Candidates List, Election Date, Vote Share - IndiaToday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/andhra-pradesh/kodumur-constituency-result-1143 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kodumur (SC) Constituency Election Results 2024: Kodumur (SC) Assembly Seat Details, MLA Candidates & Winner |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/andhra-pradesh/constituency-show/kodumur |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dastagiri, Boggula}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1985 births]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:Telugu Desam Party politicians]]
[[Category:Politicians from Kurnool district]]
[[Category:Telugu politicians]]

{{AndhraPradesh-TDP-politician-stub}}

V. M. Obaidullah

2026-04-23T05:47:47Z

Provastu6: New a page first draft

{{Short description|Indian politician and independence leader (1905–1958)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_suffix = Sahib
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1905|05|02|df=yes}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1958|02|21|1905|05|02|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Vellore, Madras Presidency]]
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| term_start = 3 April 1952
| term_end = 2 April 1956
| term_start1 = 3 April 1956
| term_end1 = 21 February 1958
}}

'''V. M. Obaidullah Sahib''' (2 May 1905 – 21 February 1958) was an Indian political leader from [[Tamil Nadu]] known for his active participation in the [[Indian independence movement]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathew |first=Tharian |date=2022-08-11 |title=Vellore freedom fighters decide to boycott I-Day events |url=https://www.dtnext.in/tamilnadu/2022/08/11/vellore-freedom-fighters-decide-to-boycott-i-day-events |access-date=2024-12-27 |website=www.dtnext.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=RAY |first=SANTIMAY |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.13291/page/n71/mode/2up |title=FREEDOM MOVEMENT AND INDIAN MUSLIMS |date=1979 |publisher=PEOPLE'S , NEW DELHI}}</ref>

Born on 2 May 1905,<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Sud |first1=S. P. Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ATs0AAAAIAAJ |title=Indian Elections and Legislators |last2=Sud |first2=Ajit Singh |date=1953 |publisher=All India Publications |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wyUNAQAAIAAJ |title=Parliament of India Who's who |date=1950 |publisher=Manager of Publications, Government of India Press |language=en}}</ref> in [[Vellore]] to Madhar Batcha Sahib and Rabiya Basri,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=V.M Ubaidulla |url=https://cmsadmin.amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes-detail.htm?8494 |access-date=2024-12-27 |website=Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav |last1=Mahotsav |first1=Amrit }}</ref> he came from a middle-class merchant family involved in the betel-nut trade.

== Involvement in the Indian independence movement ==
In 1920, Obaidullah joined the [[Khilafat Movement]] to protest the UK's continued [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|control of India]] and its post-[[World War I]] policy in [[Turkey]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WqQ5AQAAIAAJ |title=Who's who of Freedom Fighters, [Tamil Nadu]. |date=1973 |language=en}}</ref> British colonial authorities imprisoned Obaidullah five times between 1923 and 1942, due to his activities on behalf of the [[Indian independence movement]].[https://nehruarchive.in/people/v-m-obaidullah] <ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Assarani |first=P. Basith |date=2020-01-01 |title=V. M. Obaidullah -A Formidable Peoples Leader from Vellore |url=https://www.academia.edu/44960733/V_M_Obaidullah_A_Formidable_Peoples_Leader_from_Vellore |journal=Modern Thamizh Research(A Quarterly International Multilateral Thamizh Journal)}}</ref> He has been described as a disciple of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] regarding his belief in [[Nonviolent resistance|non-violent resistance]] against British rule in India.<ref name=":4" />

Obaidullah served as a member of the upper house of the Indian parliament, [[Rajya Sabha]] from 1952 until his death in 1958. Key legislative initiatives he promoted include the reopening of the [[Jalakandeswarar Temple, Vellore|Jalakandeeswarar Temple in Vellore Fort]] for public worship,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2012-02-21 |others=P.S. RAJAGOPAL NAIDU, T.V. KAMALASWAMY, SATYENDRA NARAYAN MAZUMDAR, DAWOOD ALI MIRZA, BRAJ BIHARI SHARMA, V.M. OBAIDULLAH SAHIB |title=Opening of Vellore Fort Temple to the Public |url=https://rsdebate.nic.in/handle/123456789/575989?viewItem=browse |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606093500/https://rsdebate.nic.in/handle/123456789/575989?viewItem=browse |archive-date=6 June 2023 |access-date=27 December 2024 |url-status=live }}</ref> encouraging the use of the Gandhi Maidan near the Vellore Fort for public gatherings <ref name=":3" /> and irrigation projects drawing water from the [[Palar River]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-02-21 |others=P.S. RAJAGOPAL NAIDU, H.C. DASAPPA, V.M. OBAIDULLAH SAHIB |title=Supply of Irrigation Water by Mysore to Madras through Palar River |url=https://rsdebate.nic.in/handle/123456789/576114?viewItem=browse}}</ref>

== Leadership Roles ==
Obaidullah held several local and national leadership positions in India over the course of his career, prior to his election to the upper house of the Indian legislature. He was a city councillor for Vellore's municipal government for more than two decades. Obaidullah moreover served for four years as vice president of the [[North Arcot]] District Board (1938-1944),<ref name=":0" /> seven years as the vice president of the [[Tamil Nadu Congress Committee]] (TNCC), and two years as TNNC president (1940-1941). He also spent a decade as a member of the [[All India Congress Committee]] (AICC).<ref name=":4" />

Between 1950 and 1951, Obaidullah was a member of the Ministry of Transport's Standing Committee.<ref name=":4" /> He served as a member of the Provincial Parliament between 1951 and 1952, before being elected to the Rajya Sabha. He served a full term in the upper house of parliament from 3 April 1952 to 2 April 1956. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha for a second term, of six years, in April 1956, but passed away less than two years into his term.

== Family and Legacy ==
Obaidullah was married to Zaibunisa Begum.<ref name=":4" /> He died on 21 February 1958, while serving as a Rajya Sabha member.<ref name=":1" /> In recognition of his contributions, Vellore's main bus stop was formerly renamed as the V.M. Obaidullah Bus Stand. An obituary in the [[Lok Sabha]] referred to him as a distinguished Tamil orator and a dedicated nationalist who endured significant hardships in the pursuit of India's independence.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Kumar |first=Ravindra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WOdtUqxsO_QC |title=The Selected Works of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: 1957-1958 |date=1991 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist |isbn=978-81-7156-311-1 |language=en}}</ref> Immediately following his death, the Tamil Nadu state government offered his widow a plot of land as a form of compensation. Begum declined the gesture, maintaining that her late husband's public service was "beyond any reward or award".<ref name=":4" />

== References ==
<references />

{{DEFAULTSORT:Obaidullah, V.M.}}
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1958 deaths]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Tamil Muslims]]
[[Category:People from Vellore]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Tamil Nadu]]

Polianbeet Assembly constituency

2026-04-16T04:35:21Z

Provastu6: Made new details - done

{{Short description|Constituency of the Himachal Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Polianbeet
|type= SLA
|state = Himachal Pradesh
|established = 1972
|abolished = 1972
|electors = 28,120
|mla = Kashmiri Lal
|party = {{Party index link|Indian National Congress}}
| constituency_no =
| latest_election_year = [[1972 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
| district =
| loksabha_cons =
| reservation =
}}
'''Polianbeet Assembly constituency '''was an assembly constituency in the [[India]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Himachal Pradesh]].

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| [[1972 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || Kashmiri Lal || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}

== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1972 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Polianbeet<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3802-himachal-pradesh-1972/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=10 February 2022}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Kashmiri Lal |party=Indian National Congress |votes=12,214 |percentage=79.50% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Hoshiar Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=2,359 |percentage=15.36% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Attar Chand |party=Independent politician |votes=416 |percentage=2.71% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Inder Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=374 |percentage=2.43% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=9,855 |percentage=64.15% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=15,363 |percentage=55.89% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 28,120 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Indian National Congress |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Himachal Pradesh}}
{{coord|31.35|76.20|display=title}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Politics of Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1972]]
[[Category:1972 establishments in Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 1972]]
[[Category:1972 disestablishments in India]]

{{HimachalPradesh-geo-stub}}

Guler Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:40:30Z

Provastu6: made first pg w/ sources

{{Short description|Former Legislative Assembly constituency in Himachal Pradesh, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
|name = Guler
|state = [[Himachal Pradesh]]
|constituency_no =
|type= SLA
| map_image =
| map_caption =
| map_alt =
|district = [[Kangra district|Kangra]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Kangra (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kangra]]
|established = 1967
|abolished = 2012
|reservation = None
}}
'''Guler''' was one of the 68 assembly constituencies of [[Himachal Pradesh]] a northern Indian state.<ref name=delimitation1976>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3939-dpaco-1976/ |title=The Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 1976 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |date=1 December 1976 |access-date=13 October 2021}}</ref> Guler was part of [[Kangra (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kangra Lok Sabha constituency]]. Later, parts of it merged into [[Jawali (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jawali]].

==Members of the Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Member
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
| [[1967 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || Churamani || {{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
| [[1977 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1977]] || Harbans Singh Rana || {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
| [[1982 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1982]] || rowspan=2 | Chander Kumar || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1985 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
|-
| [[1990 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1990]] || Harbans Singh Rana || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[1993 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1993]] || rowspan=3 | Chander Kumar || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
| [[1998 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1998]]
|-
| [[2003 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2003]]
|-
| [[2004 elections in India#Himachal Pradesh|2004^]] || Harbans Singh Rana || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[2007 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2007]] || Neeraj Bharti || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}

^By-Poll

== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 2007 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2007 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Guler}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Neeraj Bharti |party=Indian National Congress |votes=21,500 |percentage=49.69% |change={{increase}}4.16 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Harbans Singh Rana |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=17,499 |percentage=40.44% |change={{decrease}}7.94 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bhikham Singh |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=3,616 |percentage=8.36% |change={{increase}}6.80 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Om Parkash |party=Independent politician |votes=599 |percentage=1.38% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,001 |percentage=9.25% |change= {{increase}}6.40 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=43,270 |percentage=71.79% |change= {{decrease}}1.54 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 60,276 |ref = |change= {{increase}}13.71 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Bharatiya Janata Party |swing= {{increase}}1.31 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly By-election 2004 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2004 elections in India#Himachal Pradesh|2004 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly by-election]]: Guler<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eci.gov.in/ByeElection/ByeOct2004/S08/ac/be_ae_S08_37.htm|title=37 - Guler (Himachal Pradesh)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050311173821/https://www.eci.gov.in/ByeElection/ByeOct2004/S08/ac/be_ae_S08_37.htm|archive-date=11 March 2005}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Harbans Singh Rana |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=18,806 |percentage=48.38% |change={{increase}}8.63 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Neeraj Bharti |party=Indian National Congress |votes=17,699 |percentage=45.53% |change={{decrease}}8.96 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bhanu Parkash Choudhary |party=Independent politician |votes=958 |percentage=2.46% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Brahami Devi |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=604 |percentage=1.55% |change={{increase}}0.94 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Subhash Chand |party=Independent politician |votes=541 |percentage=1.39% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Lakshman Singh |party=Himachal Vikas Congress |votes=265 |percentage=0.68% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,107 |percentage=2.85% |change= {{decrease}}11.89 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=38,873 |percentage=73.33% |change= {{decrease}}4.10 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 53,010 |ref = |change= {{increase}}1.97 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Bharatiya Janata Party |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}6.12 }}
{{Election box end}}

===Assembly Election 2003 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2003 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Guler<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1998 to the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-HP98.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111191922/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-HP98.pdf|archive-date=11 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Chander Kumar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=21,936 |percentage=54.49% |change={{decrease}}2.18 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Harbans Singh Rana |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=16,002 |percentage=39.75% |change={{decrease}}2.14 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Joginder Singh Pathania |party=Samajwadi Party |votes=903 |percentage=2.24% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Azad Kumar |party=Communist Party of India |votes=495 |percentage=1.23% |change={{increase}}0.64 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Malook Singh |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes=350 |percentage=0.87% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Pawan Kumar |party=Lok Jan Shakti Party |votes=319 |percentage=0.79% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ram Rattan |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=249 |percentage=0.62% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=5,934 |percentage=14.74% |change= {{decrease}}0.03 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=40,254 |percentage=77.53% |change= {{increase}}3.88 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 51,987 |ref = |change= {{increase}}16.04 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}2.18 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1998 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1998 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Guler<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1998 to the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-HP98.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111191922/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-HP98.pdf|archive-date=11 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Chander Kumar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=18,674 |percentage=56.67% |change={{decrease}}4.58 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Harbans Singh Rana |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=13,806 |percentage=41.90% |change={{increase}}8.75 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Azad Kumar |party=Communist Party of India |votes=194 |percentage=0.59% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,868 |percentage=14.77% |change= {{decrease}}13.34 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=32,952 |percentage=74.26% |change= {{decrease}}5.09 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 44,800 |ref = |change= {{increase}}13.28 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1993 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1993 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Guler<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1993 to the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1993/Statistical%20Report%201993%20Himachal%20Pradesh.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111133700/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1993/Statistical%20Report%201993%20Himachal%20Pradesh.pdf|archive-date=11 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Chander Kumar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=19,051 |percentage=61.26% |change={{increase}}18.26 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Harbans Singh Rana |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=10,308 |percentage=33.14% |change={{decrease}}20.66 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gulshan |party=Independent politician |votes=941 |percentage=3.03% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gurcharandass |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=595 |percentage=1.91% |change={{increase}}0.14 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=8,743 |percentage=28.11% |change= {{increase}}17.30 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=31,101 |percentage=79.16% |change= {{increase}}5.20 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 39,548 |ref = |change= {{increase}}3.22 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Bharatiya Janata Party |swing= {{increase}}7.45 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1990 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1990 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Guler<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/Statisticall%20Report%20Himachal%20Pradesh%201990.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114181905/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/Statisticall%20Report%20Himachal%20Pradesh%201990.pdf|archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Harbans Singh Rana |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=15,140 |percentage=53.80% |change={{increase}}12.48 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Chander Kumar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=12,099 |percentage=43.00% |change={{decrease}}12.98 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gurcharan Dass |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=499 |percentage=1.77% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sunil Kumar |party=Doordarshi Party |votes=273 |percentage=0.97% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,041 |percentage=10.81% |change= {{decrease}}3.85 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=28,139 |percentage=74.10% |change= {{decrease}}3.79 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 38,314 |ref = |change= {{increase}}35.52 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Bharatiya Janata Party |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}2.18 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1985 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1985 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Guler<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/StatisticalReport%201985%20Himachal%20Pradesh.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114090530/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/StatisticalReport%201985%20Himachal%20Pradesh.pdf|archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Chander Kumar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=12,223 |percentage=55.98% |change={{increase}}10.60 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Harbans Singh Rana |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=9,022 |percentage=41.32% |change={{increase}}20.67 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Joginder Singh Pathania |party=Independent politician |votes=310 |percentage=1.42% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Tilak Raj |party=Independent politician |votes=279 |percentage=1.28% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,201 |percentage=14.66% |change= {{decrease}}1.16 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=21,834 |percentage=77.95% |change= {{increase}}0.90 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 28,271 |ref = |change= {{increase}}10.44 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}10.60 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1982 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1982 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Guler<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1982 to the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1982/Statistical%20Report%201982%20Himachal%20Pradesh.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117041754/eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1982/Statistical%20Report%201982%20Himachal%20Pradesh.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Chander Kumar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=8,867 |percentage=45.38% |change={{increase}}33.74 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Harbans Singh Rana |party=Independent politician |votes=5,775 |percentage=29.56% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Raghubir Singh |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=4,035 |percentage=20.65% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Parkash Chand |party=Independent politician |votes=482 |percentage=2.47% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rajinder Singh |party=Lokdal |votes=159 |percentage=0.81% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rakesh Narayana |party=Janata Party |votes=121 |percentage=0.62% |change={{decrease}}44.44 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gurdial |party=Independent politician |votes=99 |percentage=0.51% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,092 |percentage=15.83% |change= {{increase}}10.78 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=19,538 |percentage=77.30% |change= {{increase}}11.91 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 25,598 |ref = |change= {{increase}}11.73 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Janata Party |swing= {{increase}}0.33 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1977 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Guler<ref>{{cite web|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1977/Statistical%20Report%201977%20Himachal%20Pradesh.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319174923/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1977/Statistical%20Report%201977%20Himachal%20Pradesh.pdf|archive-date=19 March 2016|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Harbans Singh Rana |party=Janata Party |votes=6,649 |percentage=45.06% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Chander Kumar |party=Independent politician |votes=5,905 |percentage=40.01% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Kuldip Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=1,718 |percentage=11.64% |change={{decrease}}7.79 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mani Ram |party=Independent politician |votes=238 |percentage=1.61% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Narinder Kumar |party=Independent politician |votes=168 |percentage=1.14% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rajender Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=79 |percentage=0.54% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=744 |percentage=5.04% |change= {{decrease}}26.59 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=14,757 |percentage=65.60% |change= {{increase}}4.52 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 22,910 |ref = |change= {{decrease}}17.29 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Janata Party |loser=Independent politician |swing= {{decrease}}6.01 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1967 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Guler<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Himachal%20Pradesh%201967.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117081612/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Himachal%20Pradesh%201967.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Churamani |party=Independent politician |votes=8,472 |percentage=51.07% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. Lal |party=Indian National Congress |votes=3,224 |percentage=19.43% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=K. Vir |party=Independent politician |votes=2,920 |percentage=17.60% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=P. Chand |party=Independent politician |votes=1,024 |percentage=6.17% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=P. Ram |party=Independent politician |votes=538 |percentage=3.24% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=P. Chand |party=Independent politician |votes=411 |percentage=2.48% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=5,248 |percentage=31.64% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=16,589 |percentage=62.89% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 27,700 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Independent politician |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Haripur Guler]]
* [[Kangra district]]
* [[Kangra (Lok Sabha constituency)]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord|32.00|76.13|display=title}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Himachal Pradesh}}

[[Category:Kangra district]]
[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Politics of Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1967]]
[[Category:1967 establishments in Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2012]]
[[Category:2012 disestablishments in India]]

Dakshin Bihar Gramin Bank

2026-04-14T10:01:12Z

Provastu6: made basic pg w/ sources

{{Short description|Defunct Regional Rural Bank in Bihar, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2025}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Dakshin Bihar Gramin Bank
| native_name = दक्षिण बिहार ग्रामीण बैंक
| logo = DBGB logo.png
| logo_size = 500
| logo_caption = Logo used from 2019 to 2025
| type = [[Regional rural bank]]
| industry = [[Banking]], [[Financial services]]
| founder =
| owner =
| parent = [[Ministry of Finance (India)]] [[Government of India]]
| foundation = {{Start date and age|2019|01|07}}
| defunct = {{Start date and age|2025|05|01}}
| predecessor = *Madhya Bihar Gramin Bank
*Bihar Gramin Bank (old)
| fate = Merged with Uttar [[Bihar Gramin Bank]] to form [[Bihar Gramin Bank]]
| successor = [[Bihar Gramin Bank|Bihar Gramin Bank (New)]]
| headquarters = [[Patna]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]
| num_locations =
| area_served = [[Bihar]]
| key_people =
| products =
| website = {{URL|https://bgb.bank.in}}
}}

'''Dakshin Bihar Gramin Bank''' ('''DBGB''') was a [[Regional rural bank]] (RRB) operating in the Indian state of Bihar.<ref name="PNB2019">{{cite web |url=https://www.pnbindia.in/document/Update_Amalgamation%20of%20Regional%20Rural%20Banks%20in%20the%20States%20of%20Bihar%20and%20Punjab%20dated%2007.01.2019.pdf |title=PNB notification — Amalgamation of RRBs in Bihar |website=Punjab National Bank}}</ref> It was created on 7 January 2019 by the amalgamation of ''Madhya Bihar Gramin Bank'' and ''Bihar Gramin Bank''.<ref name="PNB2019" /> On 1 May 2025 the bank was merged into the newly established [[Bihar Gramin Bank]].<ref name="DFS2025">{{cite web |url=https://static.pib.gov.in/WriteReadData/specificdocs/documents/2025/apr/doc202548536401.pdf |title=CG-DL-E-07042025 — Notification of amalgamation (Dept. of Financial Services) |website=PIB}}</ref><ref name="NewsApr2025">{{cite news |url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/patna-city-bihar-gramin-bank-two-rural-banks-merge-to-form-78-thousand-crore-entity-23930067.html |title=Two rural banks merge to form Bihar Gramin Bank |newspaper=Jagran |date=7 May 2025}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Regional rural bank]]s
* [[Punjab National Bank]]
* [[Bihar Gramin Bank|Bihar Gramin Bank (New)]]
* [[Ministry of Finance (India)|Ministry of Finance]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://bgb.bank.in}} (Successor: Bihar Gramin Bank)

[[Category:Regional rural banks of India]]

Kendriya Vidyalaya, Pangode

2026-04-09T17:57:05Z

Provastu6: stub

{{Short description|Secondary school in Thirumala, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox school
| name = PM SHRI Kendriya Vidyalaya Army Cantt., Pangode
| logo =
| image = [[File:KV Pangode.jpg|frameless]]
| caption = Front view of KV Pangode
| motto = Tattvaṃ Pūṣanapāvṛṇu ({{langx|sa|तत्त्वं पूषनपावृणु}})
| motto_translation = "The face of Truth is covered by a golden vessel, Remove Thou, O Sun, that covering, for the law of Truth to behold."
| location = [[Pangode]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]
| region = [[South India]]
| city = [[Thiruvananthapuram]]
| state = [[Kerala]]
| country = [[India]]
| coordinates = {{coord|8|30||N|76|59||E|type:edu_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| schooltype = senior secondary school
| type = [[Government|Central Government]]
| established = 1980<ref name="kvpangode.nic.in"/>
| authority = [[Ministry of Human Resource Development (India)]]
| chairman = Brig. Adish Yadav<ref name="kvpangode.nic.in">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140702201320/http://kvpangode.nic.in/images/stories/ANNOUNCEMENTS/cbse%20details.pdf "CBSE Details"] (PDF). KVPangode.nic.in.</ref>
| principal = Shri. Rakesh K <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kvpangode.nic.in/|title=Principal|publisher=KV Pangode, Thiruvananthapuram|access-date=12 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109230908/http://kvpangode.nic.in/|archive-date=9 January 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| headmistress = Rammohan.K
| staff = 53<ref name="kvpangode.nic.in"/>
| teaching_staff = 46<ref name="kvpangode.nic.in"/>
| language = [[English language|English]] and [[Hindi]]
| houses = {{legend|green|Ashoka}} {{legend|yellow|Ramanujan}} {{legend|blue|Tagore}} {{legend|red|Shivaji}}
| colours = Blue, orange, green, grey, yellow and red {{color box|blue}}{{color box|orange}}{{color box|green}}{{color box|grey}}{{color box|yellow}}{{color box|red}}
| song = "Bharat Ka Svarnim Gaurav Kendriya Vidyalaya Layega"
| sports = [[Association football|Football]], [[cricket]], [[volleyball]], [[basketball]], [[badminton]], [[Swimming (sport)|swimming]] and [[kho-kho]]
| nickname = Pangodians, KVians
| affiliations = [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]], [[Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan]]
| principal2 =
| principal_label2 = Vice Principal
| website = http://www.kvpangode.nic.in/
| campus = [[Suburb|Sub-urban]]
| campus_type = [[Co-educational]]
| campus_size = {{convert|7.5|acre|m2}}<ref name="kvpangode.nic.in"/>
| enrollment = 1926
| enrollment_as_of = 30-9-2013<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kvpangode.nic.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50&Itemid=81|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214200912/http://kvpangode.nic.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50&Itemid=81|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 December 2007 | title=Kendriya Vidyalaya, Army Cantonment, Pangode, Thiruvananthapuram - Students' Category }}</ref>
| free_label = Highest grade
| free_text = XII ([[Science]], [[Commerce]] and [[Humanities]])
| free_label1 = Library volume
| free_text1 = 12665 (on 31 August 2010)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kvpangode.libsoft.org/ |title=::Kendriya Vidyalaya Library, Pangode, Trivandrum-LIBSOFT WEB OPAC:: |access-date=7 October 2013 |archive-date=5 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205203941/http://www.kvpangode.libsoft.org/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| postal_code = 695006
}}

'''Kendriya Vidyalaya Army Cantt. Pangode''' ( KV Pangode) is a co-educational central higher secondary school in Army Cantt. Pangode, [[Thirumala, Thiruvananthapuram|Thirumala]], [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]], India. It was established on 1 August 1980, under the Defence Sector. It operates from Monday to Saturday, with an 8:25 am–2:40 pm schedule. The principal of the school is Mr. Rakesh. K.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://kvpangode.nic.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=60&Itemid=92 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090802164123/http://kvpangode.nic.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=60&Itemid=92 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 August 2009 |title=Kendriya Vidyalaya, Army Cantonment, Pangode, Thiruvananthapuram |publisher=KVPangode |date=2009-08-27 |accessdate=2013-08-03 }}</ref>

==Infrastructure==
The school has classes I to XII, affiliated to CBSE, with three sections each in classes up to X and four section each in classes XI and XII. The Vidyalaya offers Science, Commerce & Humanities streams at XI and XII levels. The school has coaches for games and sports, craft teachers, computer instructors and spoken English teachers on their staff. There are labs for physics, chemistry and biology, and a Junior Science lab. There are three computer labs on the campus. From 2017, a new ATAL TINKERING lab has been developed to ignite curiosity in the minds of students and help them built the things of their dreams. The lab is facilitated with newest scientific equipments including a 3D printer. The school has a football court, a volleyball court, a basketball court and a playground.

== Subjects ==
Subjects studied include English, Hindi, mathematics, information technology, art, social science, Sanskrit and German.

Students in classes XI and XII are offered three streams: Science, Commerce and Humanities. Science stream is allotted for students with more than 7.6 CGPA in class X, 6.4 CGPA for commerce and 6 CGPA for humanities.<ref name=":0" />

== Student Council ==
The Student Council is a body of student representatives consisting of Discipline captains, CCA captain, Swachhatha captains and Sports captain, led by the School Pupil Leaders assisted by Deputy School Pupil Leaders. Besides these representatives there are also house representatives consisting of the house captains and vice house captains for both boys and girls. They are in charge of controlling and conducting programs, school discipline, sports activities, and cultural programs and activities of the students.<ref name=":0" />

== House system ==
All the students from class I and some of the staff are divided among houses: Ramanujan, Shivaji, Ashoka and Tagore. Each house is headed by a boy and a girl, and a staff member acts as the house master. Points are awarded to the students for co-curricular activities (CCA) through inter-house competitions in sports, dramatics, debates, quiz, art and music. At the end of the year, the house gaining the highest points is awarded the house trophy and the runner up is also rewarded.<ref name=":0" />

== Clubs ==
* Literary Club
* Science Club
* Mathematics Club
* Readers Club
* Adventure Club
* Philatelic Club
* IT Club
* Eco Club
* Photography Club

== Sports ==
{{Infobox anthem
| title = दया कर दान
| transcription =
| english_title = Daya Kar Daan (KV Pangode Morning Prayer)
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| prefix =
| country =
| author =
| composer =
| lyrics_date =
| music_date =
| adopted =
| sound = KV Morning Prayer- Daya kar daan.ogg
| sound_title = K V Pangode Morning Prayer – ''Daya Kar Daan''
}}

The Vidyalaya has teams for [[basketball]], [[Football (soccer)|football]], [[Kho kho|kho-kho]], [[volleyball]], [[badminton]] and [[cricket]], conducting training after school hours. Two students have gone to nationals. The school hosts the U-16 and U-19 cricket matches for cluster as well as regional level.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://kvpangode.nic.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=38&Itemid=66 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214200825/http://kvpangode.nic.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=38&Itemid=66 |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 December 2007 |title=Kendriya Vidyalaya, Army Cantonment, Pangode, Thiruvananthapuram – Contact Information |publisher=Kvpangode.nic.in |date= |accessdate=2013-08-03 }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sport/game !! Infrastructure !! Number
|-
|[[Basketball]] || Court || 1
|-
| [[Cricket]]|| Ground || 1
|-
|[[Association football|Football]]|| [[Playing field|Field]] || 1
|-
|[[Long jump]] || Pit ||1
|-
|[[Volleyball]] ||Court || 3
|}
[[File:KV pangode school ground.JPG|right|thumb|upright=3.10|A cricket match in progress in the Vidyalaya ground]]

== Youth Parliament ==
A team from the school came first position in the 24th and 25th National Level Youth Parliament Competitions, organised by Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http:// |title=ACN | Noticias de Venezuela y el mundo |access-date=11 July 2022 |archive-date=20 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220175602/http://acn.com.ve/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yentha.com/news/view/4/campus-talk-taking-parliament-into-their-hands |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004233558/http://www.yentha.com/news/view/4/campus-talk-taking-parliament-into-their-hands |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 October 2013 |title=Campus Talk: Taking 'Parliament' Into Their Hands – Trivandrum News |publisher=Yentha.com |date=2012-01-23 |accessdate=2013-08-03 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Ens – Thiruvananthapuram |url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article605980.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004235157/http://newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article605980.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 October 2013 |title=Shaping a worthy Parliamentary model |publisher=The New Indian Express |date=2012-09-13 |accessdate=2013-08-03}}</ref> In the 26th Youth Parliament they emerged as the regional winners from Ernakulam Region.
[[File:Assembly at KV pangode.JPG|thumb|Senior secondary students standing for morning assembly|239x239px]]

==Notable alumni==
* [[Parvathy Thiruvothu|Parvathi]], actress<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/parvathy-thiruvothu/biography.html|title=Exclusive biography of #Parvathy and on her life|access-date=25 August 2013|archive-date=23 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140723204936/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/celebs/parvathi-menon/biography.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan]]
* [[List of schools in Thiruvananthapuram district|List of schools in Thiruvananthapuram]]
* [[Kendriya Vidyalaya Pattom|Kendriya Vidyalaya, Pattom]]
* [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]]

== References ==
[[File:Onam celebration at KV pangode.JPG|thumb|The celebrations for ''[[Onam]]'' 2012 at the ''vidyalaya''|200x200px]]
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Kendriya Vidyalaya Pangode}}
*{{Official website|http://kvpangode.nic.in// Kendriya Vidyalaya Pangode}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kendriya Vidyalaya Pangode}}
[[Category:Schools in Thiruvananthapuram district]]
[[Category:Kendriya Vidyalayas in Kerala]]
[[Category:1980 establishments in Kerala]]

B. B. Ashok Kumar

2026-04-07T02:57:39Z

Provastu6: Started new bio initial version

{{Short description|Indian police officer (1977 - 2012)}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = B. B. Ashok Kumar
|native_name =
|image =
|birth_name = Biddanda Bopanna Ashok
|birth_place = Sillaimarathupatti, Theni
|birth_date =
|death_place =
|order =
|office = [[Karnataka Police|Karnataka Police Service]], [[Government of Karnataka]]
|term_start = 1977
|term_end = 31 July 2012
|predecessor =
|successor =
|office1 =
|term_start1 =
|term_end1 =
|predecessor1 =
|successor1 =
|alma_mater =
|occupation = Civil servant
|father =
|mother =
|spouse =
|children =
|website =
}}

'''B. B. Ashok Kumar'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kannada.oneindia.com/news/2013/02/22/districts-why-tiger-bb-ashok-kumar-targeted-ccb-police-bangalore-071755.html|title=ಟೈಗರ್' ತಲೆ ಎತ್ತಲು ಬಾಲ ಸ್ಕೆಚ್ ಹಾಕಿದ್ದು ಏಕೆ?|date=22 February 2013|website=kannada.oneindia.com|url-status=live|access-date=12 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160523054102/http://kannada.oneindia.com:80/news/2013/02/22/districts-why-tiger-bb-ashok-kumar-targeted-ccb-police-bangalore-071755.html |archive-date=23 May 2016 }}</ref> (also known as '''Tiger Ashok Kumar''') is a retired [[Assistant Commissioner of Police (India)|Assistant Commissioner of Police]], credited with arresting several notorious criminals and being involved in numerous [[police encounters]] while trying to capture [[Habitual offender|hardened criminals]].<ref name=b>{{cite web|url=http://www.bangalorefirst.in/?p=2376 |title='Tiger Ashok Kumar' retires |publisher=Bangalorefirst.in |date=4 August 2012 |accessdate=12 March 2015}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born in Parane village, [[Virajpet]], in the [[Kodagu district]] of [[Karnataka]], he is the son of a coffee estate manager from [[Koppa, India|Koppa-Chikkamagalur]].

==Police service==
Kumar joined the [[Karnataka Police|Karnataka State Police Service]] in 1977 and is credited with 18 encounters. He was part of the Special Task Force of the [[Karnataka Police]], which was tasked with capturing forest brigand [[Veerappan]]. During this time, Ashok is reported to have killed 13 of Veerappan's accomplices.<ref name=b />He and his team also gained attention for the Kammanahalli encounter, where notorious [[history-sheeter]] Station Shekar was killed.<ref>{{cite news|author=Tamil Nadu |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/When-Bangalore-was-rid-of-an-underworld-don/article14758168.ece |title=When Bangalore was rid of an underworld don – TAMIL NADU |work=The Hindu|date=2 May 2007 |accessdate=27 March 2018}}</ref> Kumar retired from service on 31 July 2012<ref name="b" /> and continues to face constant threats to his life from the criminal underworld.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 February 2013 |title=Retired Banglore police officer faces life threat |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/bangalore/report-retired-banglore-police-officer-faces-life-threat-1796884 |accessdate=27 March 2018 |work=Daily News and Analysis}}</ref>

==Honours and awards==
He won the [[Police Medal (India)|President of India's Gold Medal]] three times and the Chief Minister of Karnataka's gold medal once. Ashok was given the nickname 'Tiger' by the Home Minister in 1984.{{citation needed|date=January 2017}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Name of Award or Honour
|-
|1986
|President of India Gallantry Gold Medal
|-
|1998
|President of India Meritorious Service Gold Medal
|-
|2006
|President of India Distinguished Service Gold Medal
|-
|1992
|Chief Minister of Karnataka Gold Medal
|-
|2011
|Karnataka Govt Kempegowda Award
|}

==In films and literature==
{{BLP unreferenced section|date=October 2022}}
There are five Kannada movies made on his experience and adventures to date.
*''Amaanusha (1989)'', with [[Ananth Nag]] acting as Kumar
*''Circle Inspector'' (1995), with [[Devaraj]] acting as Kumar
*''[[Deadly Soma]]'' (2005), with Devaraj as Kumar
*''[[Deadly-2]]'' (2010), with Devaraj as Kumar
*''[[Myna (film)|Mynaa]]'' (2013) with [[Sharath Kumar]] acting as Kumar

Kumar has authored three books,
* ''Huliya Nenapugalu'' – {{ISBN|8128025856}}
* ''Bullet Savari'' – {{ISBN|9788128025860}}
* ''Police Whistle'' – {{ISBN|9789390490677}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumar, B. B. Ashok}}
[[Category:1952 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian police officers]]
[[Category:Kodava people]]
[[Category:People from Kodagu district]]
[[Category:Karnataka Police]]

Harish Janartha

2026-04-05T00:29:03Z

Provastu6: new

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Harish Janartha
| image =
| caption =
| office1 = [[Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Member of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start1 = 8 December 2022
| term_end1 =
| predecessor1 = [[Suresh Bhardwaj (politician)|Suresh Bhardwaj]]

| constituency1 = [[Shimla Assembly constituency|Shimla]]
| footnotes =
| date =
| year =
| source =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| party = [[File:Indian National Congress hand logo.svg|20px]] [[Indian National Congress]]
| other_party =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1965|05|18|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| spouse = Kusum Janartha
| children = One Son
| alma_mater = [[Panjab University]]
| website =
| image_size =
}}

'''Harish Janartha''' (born 18 May 1965){{fact|date=August 2024}} is an Indian politician from Himachal Pradesh. He won the [[2022 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] from [[Shimla Assembly constituency]] representing the Indian National Congress.<ref>{{cite web |title=Harish Janartha Election Results 2022: News, Votes, Results of Himachal-pradesh Assembly |url=https://www.ndtv.com/elections/himachal-pradesh-assembly-election-candidates-list-2022/harish-janartha-08063-1 |access-date=17 December 2022 |website=[[NDTV]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hon'ble Member Legislative Assembly |url=https://hpvidhansabha.nic.in/Member/Details/517 |access-date=17 December 2022 |website=Himachal Pradesh 14th Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha)}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Janartha was born in Kashani village, [[Tikkar]] ([[Rohru]]) in an Indian politician family from the [[Shimla district]]. He is the son of late Roshna Janartha and late Jawahar Janartha. He did his schooling at [[Bishop Cotton School, Shimla]], and later graduated in 1986 from the [[Panjab University|Punjab University, Chandigarh]]. He married Kusum Janartha, and together they have a son.<ref>{{cite web |title=Harish Janartha(Indian National Congress(INC)):Constituency- SHIMLA(SHIMLA) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/Himachalpradesh2022/candidate.php?candidate_id=212 |access-date=17 December 2022 |website=myneta.info}}</ref>{{failed verification |reason= no mention of school, college name, spouse name or son|date= November 2025}}

== Career ==
Janartha was a member of the [[National Students' Union of India]] from 1982 to 1986. Later, he continued to be active in the State [[Indian Youth Congress|Youth Congress]] from 1986 to 1994 and the District Congress Committee in Shimla from 1994 to 2000. He served as an executive council member (finance) at Himachal Pradesh University and as an executive member of the Pradesh Congress Committee from 2012 to 2022.

He also served as a councilor of the [[Shimla Municipal Corporation|Municipal Corporation in Shimla]] twice, first from 2002 to 2007 and then from 2007 to 2012. Later, he became the Deputy Mayor of the Municipal Corporation, Shimla, from 2007 to 2012. In April 2022, he became the vice president of the Himachal Pradesh Congress Committee.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-04-26 |title=Pratibha Virbhadra Singh replaces Kuldeep Rathore as chief of Himachal Pradesh Congress |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/shimla/pratibha-virbhadra-singh-replaces-kuldeep-rathore-as-chief-of-himachal-pradesh-congress/articleshow/91107500.cms |access-date=2024-12-03 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

He won the [[2022 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] from [[Shimla Assembly constituency]] representing the Indian National Congress and defeated his nearest rival Sanjay Sood.<ref>{{cite news |date=8 December 2022 |title=Himachal Pradesh Assembly election results 2022: Full list of winners |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/himachal-pradesh-assembly-election-results-2022-full-list-of-winners-8312715/ |access-date=17 December 2022 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> Thus, INC won after 15 years from this constituency and BJP lost it after 15 years.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Nandan |first1=Nishant |date=8 December 2022 |title=Himachal Pradesh Election: शिमला शहरी सीट से भाजपा का चाय वाला प्रत्याशी हारा, 15 साल बाद कांग्रेस की जीत |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/himachal-pradesh/story-himachal-pradesh-bjp-chai-wala-candidate-lost-from-shimla-urban-seat-congress-government-harish-janartha-win-aap-7460666.html |access-date=17 December 2022 |work=[[Hindustan (newspaper)|Hindustan]] |language=hindi}}</ref> In 2017, he lost as an Independent candidate while he lost to the same candidate, Bhardwaj, in 2012 on Congress ticket. He rejoined the [[Indian National Congress]] in 2019.<ref>{{cite news |date=19 April 2019 |title=Himachal Congress rebel Janartha rejoins party |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/hot-news/himachal-congress-rebel-janartha-rejoins-party |access-date=17 December 2022 |work=[[The Quint]] |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Janartha, Harish}}
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1965 births]]
[[Category:Himachal Pradesh MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:People from Shimla]]

Colors Infinity

2026-03-29T12:26:46Z

Provastu6: made the data needs work

{{short description|Indian pay television channel}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2015}}
{{Infobox television channel
| name = Colors Infinity
| logo = Colors Infinity.png
| logo_size = 180px
| logo_caption = Long used since 2018
| launch_date = {{Start date and age|df=y|2015|07|31}}
| owner = [[JioStar]]
| country = India
| headquarters = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| area = Indian subcontinent
| language = English
| picture_format = [[1080i]] [[HDTV]] (downscaled to [[letterboxed]] [[576i]] for the [[SDTV]] feed)
| sister_channels =
| website = {{URL|colorsinfinity.com}}
| online_serv_1 = JioHotstar
| online_chan_1 = India
}}

'''Colors Infinity''' is an Indian [[pay television]] channel owned by [[JioStar]], a joint venture between [[Viacom18]] and [[Disney India]]. Launched on July 31, 2015, it primarily broadcasts English-language entertainment programming, including American and British television series, reality shows, and lifestyle programming. The channel is aimed at the urban, English-speaking audience in India.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title = Indian Television Dot Com {{!}} Viacom 18 strengthens English entertainment portfolio; launches Colors Infinity|url = http://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/english-entertainment/viacom18-strengthens-english-entertainment-portfolio-launches-colors-infinity-150701|website = www.indiantelevision.com|access-date = 2015-07-01|first = Anil|last = Wanvari|archive-date = 3 July 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150703230609/http://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/english-entertainment/viacom18-strengthens-english-entertainment-portfolio-launches-colors-infinity-150701|url-status = live}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title = Viacom 18 enters English GEC space with Colors Infinity {{!}} Best Media Info, News and Analysis on Indian Advertising, Marketing and Media Industry.|url = http://www.bestmediainfo.com/2015/07/viacom-18-enters-english-gec-space-with-colors-infinity/|website = www.bestmediainfo.com|access-date = 2015-07-01|archive-date = 1 July 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150701182915/http://www.bestmediainfo.com/2015/07/viacom-18-enters-english-gec-space-with-colors-infinity/|url-status = live}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title = Indian Television Dot Com {{!}} Viacom18 bullish on English entertainment; launches Colors Infinity|url = http://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/english-entertainment/viacom18-strengthens-english-entertainment-portfolio-launches-colors-infinity-150701|website = www.indiantelevision.com|access-date = 2015-07-06|first = Anil|last = Wanvari|archive-date = 3 July 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150703230609/http://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/english-entertainment/viacom18-strengthens-english-entertainment-portfolio-launches-colors-infinity-150701|url-status = live}}</ref>

==History==
Colors Infinity was launched as part of Viacom18's expansion into the English-language entertainment space in India. It was positioned to compete with other established channels in the genre, such as Star World and [[Zee Café]]. The channel was co-curated at launch by prominent Indian film personalities [[Karan Johar]] and [[Alia Bhatt]], who were involved in selecting the initial programming lineup.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Viacom18's Colors Infinity to launch on July 31 |url=https://www.afaqs.com/news/media/44976_viacom18s-colors-infinity-to-launch-on-july-31 |access-date=2025-03-22 |website=afaqs!}}</ref>

==Original programming==
Along with airing syndicated TV series, it also started producing its own original series. Till date it has produced four original series.

* [[The Stage (TV series)|''The Stage'']]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiantm/television/tv-channels/english-entertainment/colors-infinity-looks-to-push-the-envelope-with-the-stage-151009|title=Colors Infinity looks to push the envelope with ‘The Stage’|website=Indian Television Dot Com|access-date=2016-05-23}}{{Dead link|date=July 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> is an English language singing show that premiered on 10 October 2015. Season 1 was hosted by [[Shibani Dandekar]] and was judged by [[Vishal Dadlani]], [[Monica Dogra]], [[Ehsaan Noorani]], and [[Devraj Sanyal]].<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-the-stage-winner-yatharth-ratnum-says-he-loves-old-bollywood-songs-2157516|title='The Stage' winner Yatharth Ratnum says he loves old Bollywood songs {{!}} Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis|date=2015-12-19|website=dna|language=en-US|access-date=2016-05-23|archive-date=2 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502052857/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-the-stage-winner-yatharth-ratnum-says-he-loves-old-bollywood-songs-2157516|url-status=live}}</ref>
* ''[[Born Stylish]]'' was a celebrity talk show dedicated to fashion and style, and premiered on Saturday, 28 November 2015.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.televisionpost.com/television/colors-infinity-and-vh1-to-launch-homegrown-celebrity-talk-show-born-stylish/|title=Colors Infinity and Vh1 to launch homegrown celebrity talk show ‘Born Stylish’ |publisher=Television Post|access-date=2016-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701171300/http://www.televisionpost.com/television/colors-infinity-and-vh1-to-launch-homegrown-celebrity-talk-show-born-stylish/|archive-date=1 July 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> They also produced a one-episode special show called ''Journeys of a Lifetime''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/english-entertainment/colors-infinity-to-air-journeys-of-a-lifetime-on-27-december-151218|title=Colors Infinity to air 'Journeys of a lifetime’ on 27 December|website=Indian Television Dot Com|access-date=2016-05-23|archive-date=29 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629133206/http://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/english-entertainment/colors-infinity-to-air-journeys-of-a-lifetime-on-27-december-151218|url-status=live}}</ref>
* ''Vogue BFFs'' is a new-format talk show, where a Bollywood celeb is joined by his/her lesser known BFF (Best Friend Forever), was premiered on Saturday, 24 September 2016 at 9 PM on Colors Infinity, hosted by Kamal Sidhu.
* ''[[Top Model India]]'' is the English language modeling show that premiered on 4 February 2018, hosted by [[Lisa Haydon]].
* ''Motu Patlu Seedhi Baat'', was TV movie premiered on Sunday 16 March 2025 at 12 PM & 8 PM on Colors Infinity

==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Television stations in Mumbai]]
[[Category:English-language Indian television shows]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 2015]]
[[Category:English-language television stations in India]]
[[Category:Television stations in New Delhi]]
[[Category:Viacom18]]
[[Category:2015 establishments in Maharashtra]]

Indra

2026-03-26T10:19:58Z

Provastu6:

{{Short description|Hindu god of rain, lightning, storm and weather}}
{{About|the deity in Indian religions|the Buddhist deity|Śakra (Buddhism)|other uses}}
{{Distinguish|Indre}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox deity
| type = Hindu
| parents = '''[[Vedism|Vedic]]:''' [[Dyaus]] and [[Prithvi]]; or [[Tvashta]] and his wife
----
'''[[Itihasa-Purana|Itihasa-Puranic]]:''' [[Kashyapa]] and [[Aditi]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dalal |first=Roshen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC&q=Indra+aditi|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide |date=2010 |publisher=Penguin Books India |isbn=978-0-14-341421-6 |language=en}}</ref>{{sfn|Mani|1975}}{{efn|For various other versions, see [[#Literature]]}}
| image = Indra, Chief of the Gods LACMA M.69.13.4 (1 of 5).jpg
| caption = A gilt-copper sculpture of Indra, c. 16th-century
| alt = Indra, Parjanya
| affiliation =
| other_names = {{hlist|[[Parjanya]]|[[Devendra]]|[[Mahendra]]|Surendra|Surapati|Suresha|Devesha|[[Devaraja]]|Amaresha|Vendhan}}
| children = {{bulleted list|[[Jayanta]] (son)|Rishabha (son)|Midhusha (son)|[[Jayanti (Hinduism)|Jayanti]] (daughter)|[[Devasena]] (daughter)|[[Vali (Ramayana)|Vali]] (son)|[[Arjuna]] (son)}}
| festivals = {{hlist|[[Indra Jatra]]|[[Indra Vizha (festival)|Indra Vila]]|[[Raksha Bandhan]]|[[Lohri]]|[[Sawan]]}}
| siblings = '''[[Vedism|Vedic]]:''' [[Agni]] and [[Vishnu]] (brothers) [[Ushas]] and [[Ratri]] (sisters)
----
'''[[Itihasa-Purana|Itihasa-Puranic]]:''' [[Adityas]], [[Rudras]] (brothers)
| god_of = King of the [[Deva (Hinduism)|Devas]] King of [[Svarga]] God of [[Weather]], [[Lightning]], [[Thunder]], [[Storms]] and [[Rain]]
| member_of = the [[Adityas]] and [[Guardians of the directions|Dikpala]]
| abode = [[Amaravati (mythology)|Amarāvati]], the capital of [[loka|Indraloka]] in [[Svarga]]<ref>{{cite book |author=Dalal, Roshen |year=2014 |title=Hinduism: An alphabetical guide |publisher=Penguin Books |isbn=978-81-8475-277-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zrk0AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT561 |via=Google Books}}</ref>
| weapon = {{hlist|[[Vajra]] (thunderbolt)|[[Indrastra]] (celestial arrows)}}
| consort = [[Shachi]]
| mount = [[Uchchaihshravas]] (white horse), A divine chariot yoked with a pair of bay horses, [[Airavata]] (white elephant),
| symbols = [[Vajra]], [[Indra's net]]
| texts = {{hlist|[[Vedas]]|[[Puranas]]|[[Upanishads]]}}
| mantra = Oṁ Indradevāya Namaḥ. Oṃ Sahasrākṣāya vidmahe Sahasramuṣkāya dhīmahi tanna Indraḥ pracodayāt. Oṃ Satyasya Sūnave vidmahe śavasasputrāya dhīmahi tanno Vṛddhaśravāḥ pracodayāt.
| gender = Male
| equivalent1_type = Buddhist
| equivalent1 = [[Śakra (Buddhism)|Śakra]]
| abodes = [[Svarga]]
| day = Sunday
}}
{{Jainism}}
{{Hinduism}}
{{Buddhism}}

'''Indra''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɪ|n|d|r|ə}}; {{langx|sa|इन्द्र}}, {{ipa|sa|in̪d̪rɐ|ipa}}) is the [[Rigvedic deities|Vedic god]] of weather, considered the king of the [[Deva (Hinduism)|devas]]<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Bauer |first=Susan Wise |title=The History of the Ancient World: From the Earliest Accounts to the Fall of Rome |publisher=[[W. W. Norton]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-393-05974-8 |edition=1st |location=New York |page=265 |author-link=Susan Wise Bauer}}</ref> and [[svarga]] in [[Hinduism]]. He is associated with the sky, lightning, weather, thunder, storms, rains, river flows, and war.<ref>{{cite book |last=Gopal |first=Madan |year=1990 |title=India Through the Ages |publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India |page=[https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/66 66] |url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada |via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref name="urlWar and Religion: An Encyclopedia of Faith and Conflict [3 volumes] - Google Książki">{{cite book |last1=Shaw |first1=Jeffrey M. |last2=Demy |first2=Timothy J. |date=27 March 2017 |title=War and Religion: An encyclopedia of faith and conflict |series=Google Książki |isbn=978-1-61069-517-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KDlFDgAAQBAJ&q=Indra+god+war&pg=PA380}} [3 volumes]</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Perry |first=Edward Delavan |year=1885 |title=Indra in the Rig-Veda |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume=11 |issue=1885 |page=121 |jstor=592191 |doi=10.2307/592191 }}</ref><ref name="Berry1996p20">{{cite book |author=Berry, Thomas |year=1996 |title=Religions of India: Hinduism, Yoga, Buddhism |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-231-10781-5 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/religionsofindia00berr/page/20 20]–21 |url=https://archive.org/details/religionsofindia00berr |url-access=registration}}</ref>

Indra is the most frequently mentioned deity in the ''[[Rigveda]]''.<ref name="Gonda1989p3">{{cite book |author=Gonda, Jan |author-link=Jan Gonda |year=1989 |title=The Indra Hymns of the Ṛgveda |publisher=Brill Archive |isbn=90-04-09139-4 |page=3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KtcUAAAAIAAJ}}</ref> He is celebrated for his powers based on his status as a god of order,<ref name=":5" /> and as the one who killed the great evil, an [[Asura (Hinduism)|asura]] named [[Vritra]], who obstructed human prosperity and happiness. Indra destroys Vritra and his "deceiving forces", and thereby brings rain and sunshine as the saviour of mankind.<ref name="Berry1996p20"/><ref>{{cite book |author=Griswold, Hervey de Witt |year=1971 |title=The Religion of the Ṛigveda |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0745-7 |pages=177–180 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vhkt5K1fw2wC&pg=PA177}}</ref>

Indra's significance diminishes in the post-Vedic Indian literature, but he still plays an important role in various religious accounts. He is depicted as a powerful hero.<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/ahalya
| title = Ahalya, Ahalyā: 15 definitions
| last =
| first =
| date = n.d.
| website = Wisdom Library
| publisher =
| access-date = 14 December 2022
| quote = }}</ref>

According to the ''[[Vishnu Purana]]'', Indra is the title borne by the [[king of the gods]], which changes every [[Manvantara]] – a cyclic period of time in [[Hindu cosmology]]. Each Manvantara has its own Indra and the Indra of the current Manvantara is called ''Purandhara''.<ref name = "Dalal2010" /><ref name=":2">{{cite book |last=Dutt |first=Manmath Nath |title=Vishnu Purana |language=English |pages=170–173 |url=https://archive.org/details/Vishnupurana-English-MnDutt}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web |last=Wilson |first=Horace Hayman |date=1840 |title=The Vishnu Purana |at=Book III, Chapter I, pages 259–265 |url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/vp/vp075.htm|access-date=2021-06-15|website=www.sacred-texts.com}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=Gita Press Gorakhpur|url=https://archive.org/details/vishnu-puran-illustrated-with-hindi-translations-gita-press-gorakhpur|title=Vishnu Puran Illustrated With Hindi Translations Gita Press Gorakhpur|pages=180–183|language=Sanskrit, Hindi}}</ref>

Indra is also depicted in [[Buddhist]] ({{langx|pi|Indā}})<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.buddhistdoor.net/dictionary/details/inda|title=Dictionary {{!}} Buddhistdoor|website=www.buddhistdoor.net|access-date=2019-01-18}}</ref><ref name="Baroni2002p153">{{cite book|author=Helen Josephine Baroni|title=The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Zen Buddhism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=smNM4ElP3XgC&pg=PA153 |year=2002|publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-8239-2240-6|page=153}}</ref> and [[Jainism|Jain]]<ref name="Owen2012p25">{{cite book|author=Lisa Owen|title=Carving Devotion in the Jain Caves at Ellora|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vHK2WE8xAzYC&pg=PA25 |year=2012|publisher=BRILL Academic|isbn=978-90-04-20629-8|page=25}}</ref> texts. Indra rules over the much-sought ''Devas'' realm of rebirth within the [[Saṃsāra (Buddhism)|Samsara]] doctrine of Buddhist traditions.<ref name=buswelllopez739>{{cite book|author1=Robert E. Buswell Jr.|author2=Donald S. Lopez Jr.|title=The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DXN2AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA231 |year=2013|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-4805-8|pages=739–740}}</ref> However, like the post-Vedic Hindu texts, Indra is also a subject of ridicule and reduced to a figurehead status in Buddhist texts,<ref name=donigerindra/> shown as a god who suffers rebirth.<ref name=buswelllopez739/> In Jain traditions, unlike Buddhism and Hinduism, Indra is not the king of gods, but the king of superhumans residing in Svarga-Loka, and very much a part of Jain rebirth cosmology.<ref>{{cite book |author=Naomi Appleton|title=Narrating Karma and Rebirth: Buddhist and Jain Multi-Life Stories |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AhT7AgAAQBAJ |year=2014 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-139-91640-0|pages=50, 98}}</ref> He is also the one who appears with his consort [[Indrani]] to celebrate the auspicious moments in the life of a Jain [[Tirthankara]], an iconography that suggests the king and queen of superhumans residing in Svarga reverentially marking the spiritual journey of a Jain.<ref name=Wileyj99>{{cite book|author=Kristi L. Wiley|title=The A to Z of Jainism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kUz9o-EKTpwC&pg=PA99 |year=2009|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6821-2|page=99}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=John E. Cort|title=Jains in the World: Religious Values and Ideology in India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PZk-4HOMzsoC&pg=PA161|date=22 March 2001|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-803037-9|pages=161–162}}</ref> He is a rough equivalent to [[Zeus]] in [[Greek mythology]], or [[Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]] in [[Roman mythology]]. Indra's powers are similar to other [[national god|Indo-European deities]] such as Armenian [[Aramazd]], Norse [[Odin]], Slavic [[Perun]], [[Perkūnas]], [[Zalmoxis]], [[Taranis]], and [[Thor]], part of the greater [[Proto-Indo-European mythology]].<ref name="Berry1996p20"/><ref>{{cite book |author=Madan, T.N. |year=2003 |title=The Hinduism Omnibus |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-566411-9 |page=81 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EUsqAAAAYAAJ}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Bhattacharji, Sukumari |year=2015 |title=The Indian Theogony |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=280–281 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lDc9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA280}}</ref>

Indra's iconography shows him wielding his [[vajra]] and riding his [[vahana]], [[Airavata]].<ref name="Daniélou1991p108"/><ref>{{cite book|author=T. A. Gopinatha Rao|title=Elements of Hindu iconography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MJD-KresBwIC |year=1993|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0878-2|page=111}}</ref> Indra's abode is in the capital city of Svarga, [[Amaravati (mythology)|Amaravati]], though he is also associated with [[Mount Meru]] (also called Sumeru).<ref name=buswelllopez739/>{{sfn|Wilkings|2001|p=52}}

== Etymology and nomenclature ==
[[File:031 Riding a Horse (33651796566).jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|Indra on his elephant, guarding the entrance of the 1st century BCE Buddhist Cave 19 at [[Bhaja Caves]] (Maharashtra).<ref>{{cite book|author1=Sita Pieris|author2=Ellen Raven|title=ABIA: South and Southeast Asian Art and Archaeology Index: Volume Three – South Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fCL8pjd0JVMC&pg=PA232|year=2010|publisher=BRILL Academic|isbn=978-90-04-19148-8|page=232}}</ref>]]
The etymological roots of Indra are unclear, and it has been a contested topic among scholars since the 19th-century, one with many proposals.<ref name="Müller1903p395">{{cite book|author=Friedrich Max Müller|title=Anthropological Religion: The Gifford Lectures Delivered Before the University of Glasgow in 1891 |url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.154287 |year= 1903|publisher=Longmans Green|pages=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.154287/page/n421 395]–398}}</ref><ref name=Chakravarty-1995>{{cite journal |author=Chakravarty, Uma |year=1995 |title=On the etymology of the word Í{{sc|NDRA}} |journal=Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute |volume=76 |number=1–4 |pages=27–33 |jstor=41694367}}</ref> The significant proposals have been:
* root ''ind-u'', or "spirit", based on the Vedic mythology that he conquered rain and brought it down to earth.<ref name="Daniélou1991p108">{{cite book |author=Alain Daniélou |title=The Myths and Gods of India: The Classic Work on Hindu Polytheism from the Princeton Bollingen Series|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1HMXN9h6WX0C&pg=PA108 |year=1991 |publisher=Inner Traditions|isbn=978-0-89281-354-4|pages=108–109}}</ref><ref name="Müller1903p395"/>
*root ''ind'', or "equipped with great power". This was proposed by Vopadeva.<ref name="Daniélou1991p108"/>
* root ''idh'' or "spirit", and ''ina'' or "strong".<ref name="Griswold1971p177">{{cite book|author=Hervey De Witt Griswold|title=The Religion of the Ṛigveda|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vhkt5K1fw2wC&pg=PA177 |year=1971|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-0745-7|pages=177–178 with footnote 1}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Edward Delavan Perry |jstor=592191|title=Indra in the Rig-Veda |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-american-oriental-society_1885_11/page/120 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society| volume= 11 |year=1885 |page=121|doi=10.2307/592191}}</ref>
* root ''indha'', or "igniter", for his ability to bring light and power (''indriya'') that ignites the vital forces of life (''prana''). This is based on [[Shatapatha Brahmana]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Annette Wilke|author2=Oliver Moebus|title=Sound and Communication: An Aesthetic Cultural History of Sanskrit Hinduism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9wmYz_OtZ_gC |year=2011|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-024003-0|pages=418 with footnote 148}}</ref>
*root ''idam-dra'', or "It seeing" which is a reference to the one who first perceived the self-sufficient metaphysical [[Brahman]]. This is based on [[Aitareya Upanishad]].<ref name="Daniélou1991p108"/>
* roots in ancient Indo-European, Indo-Aryan deities.<ref name="Colarusso329">{{cite book|author=John Colarusso|title=Nart Sagas from the Caucasus: Myths and Legends from the Circassians, Abazas, Abkhaz, and Ubykhs |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BaE5BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA329 |year=2014|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-6528-4|page=329}}</ref> For example, states [[John Colarusso]], as a reflex of [[proto-Indo-European]] ''*h₂nḗr-'', Greek ''anēr'', [[Sabine]] ''nerō'', [[Avestan]] ''nar-'', [[Umbrian]] ''nerus'', [[Old Irish]] ''nert'', [[Pashto]] ''nər'', [[Ossetic]] ''nart'', and others which all refer to "most manly" or "hero".<ref name="Colarusso329"/>
* roots in ancient [[Proto-Uralic religion|Proto-Uralic paganism]], particularly the old [[Uralic people|Uralic]] sky god, whose modern reflexes include e.g. [[Finnish language|Finnish]] [[Ilmarinen]] and [[Udmurt language|Udmurt]] {{ill|Inmar|ru|Инмар}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Merimaa |first=Juha |date=2019-12-13 |title=Suomen kieleen on tullut vaikutteita yllättävästä suunnasta – moni sana on jäänne kohtaamisista indoiranilaisten kanssa |url=https://www.hs.fi/tiede/art-2000006341234.html?share=eee2d51a4958b583aa9dc830349ccf77 |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=Helsingin Sanomat |language=fi}}</ref>

Colonial era scholarship proposed that Indra shares etymological roots with [[Avestan]] ''Andra'', [[Old High German]] ''*antra'' ("giant"), or [[Old Church Slavonic]] ''jedru'' ("strong"), but [[Max Muller]] critiqued these proposals as untenable.<ref name="Müller1903p395"/><ref>{{cite book |author=Winn, Shan M.M. |year=1995 |title=Heaven, Heroes, and Happiness: The Indo-European roots of Western ideology |publisher=University Press of America |isbn=978-0-8191-9860-0 |page=371, note 1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-UCU0I918bsC&pg=PA371}}</ref> Later scholarship has linked Vedic Indra to ''Aynar'' (the Great One) of Circassian, Abaza and Ubykh mythology, and ''Innara'' of Hittite mythology.<ref name="Colarusso329"/><ref>{{cite book |author=Chakraborty, Uma |year=1997 |title=Indra and Other Vedic Deities: A euhemeristic study |publisher=DK Printworld |isbn=978-81-246-0080-1 |pages=91, 220 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ooDXAAAAMAAJ}}</ref> Colarusso suggests a Pontic{{efn|The ''Pontic'' is the region near the [[Black Sea]].}} origin and that both the phonology and the context of Indra in Indian religions is best explained from Indo-Aryan roots and a [[Circassians|Circassian]] etymology (i.e. ''*inra'').<ref name="Colarusso329"/> Modern scholarship suggests the name originated at the [[Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex]] where the Aryans lived before settling in India.

=== Other languages ===
In other languages, he is also known as
{{div col begin|colwidth=12em}}
* [[Askunu language|Ashkun]]: ''Indra''
* [[Bengali language|Bengali]]: {{lang|bn|ইন্দ্র}} (''Indro'')
* [[Burmese language|Burmese]]: {{lang|my|သိကြားမင်း}} ({{IPA|my|ðədʑá mɪ́ɰ̃|}})
* [[Chinese language|Chinese]]: 因陀羅 (''Yīntuóluó'') or 帝釋天 (''Dìshìtiān'')
* [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]]/[[Malay language|Malay]]: (''Indera'')
* [[Japanese language|Japanese]]: {{lang|ja|帝釈天}} (''[[Taishakuten]]'').<ref>''Presidential Address'' W. H. D. Rouse ''Folklore'', Vol. 18, No. 1 (Mar., 1907), pp. 12-23: "King of the Gods is Sakka, or Indra"</ref>
* [[Javanese language|Javanese]]: {{lang|jv|ꦧꦛꦫꦲꦶꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ}} (''Bathara Indra'')
* [[Kamkata-vari language|Kamkata-vari]]: ''Inra''
* [[Kannada language|Kannada]]: {{lang|kn|ಇಂದ್ರ}} (''Indra'')
* [[Khmer language|Khmer]]: {{lang|km|ព្រះឥន្ទ្រ}} (''Preah In'' {{IPA|km|preah ʔən|pron}})
* [[Korean language|Korean]]: {{lang|ko|제석천}} (''Jeseokcheon'')

* [[Northern Thai|Lanna]]: {{lang|nod|ᩍᨶ᩠ᨴᩣ}} (''Intha'') or {{lang|nod|ᨻᩕ᩠ᨿᩣᩍᨶ᩠ᨴ᩼}} (''Pha Nya In'')
* [[Lao language|Lao]]: {{lang|lo|ພະອິນ}} (''Pha In'') or {{lang|lo|ພະຍາອິນ}} (''Pha Nya In'')
* [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]: {{lang|ml|ഇന്ദ്രൻ}} (''Indran'')
* [[Mon language|Mon]]: {{lang|mnw|ဣန်}} (''In'')
* [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]]: {{lang|mn|Индра}} (Indra)
* [[Odia language|Odia]]: {{lang|or|ଇନ୍ଦ୍ର}} (''Indrô'')
* [[Vasi-vari|Prasun]]: ''Indr''
* [[Sinhala language|Sinhala]]: {{lang|si|ඉඳු}} (''In̆du'') or {{lang|si|ඉන්ද්‍ර}} (''Indra'')
* [[Tai Lue language|Tai Lue]]: {{lang|khb|ᦀᦲᧃ}} (''In'') or {{lang|khb|ᦘᦍᦱᦀᦲᧃ}} (''Pha Ya In'')
* [[Tamil language|Tamil]]: {{lang|ta|இந்திரன்}} (''Inthiran'')
* [[Telugu language|Telugu]]: {{lang|te|ఇంద్రుఁడు}} (''Indrun̆ḍu'' or ''Indrũḍu'')
* [[Classical Tibetan|Tibetan]]: དབང་པོ་ (''dbang po'')
* [[Thai language|Thai]]: {{lang|th|พระอินทร์}} (''Phra In'')
* [[Kalasha-ala|Waigali]]: ''Indr''
{{div col end}}

===Epithets===
Indra has many epithets in the Indian religions, notably
[[Śakra (Buddhism)|Śakra]] (शक्र, powerful one),

{{div col begin|colwidth=15em}}
* Vṛṣan (वृषन्, mighty)
* Vṛtrahan (वृत्रहन्, slayer of [[Vritra|Vṛtra]])
* Meghavāhana (मेघवाहन, he whose vehicle is cloud)
* Devarāja (देवराज, king of deities)
* Devendra (देवेन्द्र, the lord of deities){{sfn|Wilkings|2001|p=53}}
* Surendra (सुरेन्द्र, chief of deities)
* Svargapati (स्वर्गपति, the lord of heaven)
*Śatakratu (शतक्रतु one who performs 100 sacrifices).
* Vajrapāṇī (वज्रपाणि, wielder of Vajra, i.e., thunderbolt)
* Vāsava (वासव, lord of Vasus)
* Purandara (पुरंदर, the breaker of forts)
* [[Kaushik]]a (कौशिक, [[Vishvamitra]] was born as the embodiment of Indra)
* Shachin or Shachindra (शचीन, the consort of Shachi).
{{div col end}}
*[[Parjanya]] (पर्जन्य, Rain)

==Origins==
[[File:Banteay Srei - 032 Indra on Airavata (8581494845).jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Banteay Srei]] temple's pediment carvings depict Indra mounted on [[Airavata]], [[Cambodia]], c. 10th century.]]
Indra is of ancient but unclear origin. Aspects of Indra as a deity are cognate to other Indo-European gods; there are [[list of thunder gods|thunder god]]s such as [[Thor]], [[Perun]], and [[Zeus]] who share parts of his heroic mythologies, act as king of gods, and all are linked to "rain and thunder".<ref>{{cite book|author=Alexander Stuart Murray|title=Manual of Mythology: Greek and Roman, Norse, and Old German, Hindoo and Egyptian Mythology, 2nd Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x7lLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA329|year=1891|publisher=C. Scribner's sons|pages=329–331}}</ref> The similarities between Indra of Vedic mythology and of [[Thor]] of Nordic and Germanic mythologies are significant, states [[Max Müller]]. Both Indra and Thor are storm gods, with powers over lightning and thunder, both carry a hammer or an equivalent, for both the weapon returns to their hand after they hurl it, both are associated with bulls in the earliest layer of respective texts, both use thunder as a battle-cry, both are protectors of mankind, both are described with legends about "milking the cloud-cows", both are benevolent giants, gods of strength, of life, of marriage and the healing gods.<ref>{{cite book|author=Friedrich Max Müller|author-link=Max Müller|title=Contributions to the Science of Mythology|url=https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog|year=1897|publisher=Longmans Green|pages=[https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog/page/n334 744]–749}}</ref>

Michael Janda suggests that Indra has origins in the Indo-European ''*trigw-welumos'' [or rather ''*trigw-t-welumos''] "smasher of the enclosure" (of [[Vritra]], [[Vala (Vedic)|Vala]]) and ''diye-snūtyos'' "impeller of streams" (the liberated rivers, corresponding to Vedic ''apam ajas'' "agitator of the waters").<ref>{{cite book |author=Janda, Michael |year=2000 |title=Eleusis: Das Indogermanische Erbe der Mysterien |publisher=Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck |isbn=978-3-85124-675-9 |pages=261–262 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-dUoAAAAYAAJ}}</ref> Brave and heroic Innara or Inra, which sounds like Indra, is mentioned among the [[Indo-Aryan superstrate in Mitanni#Names of gods|gods]] of the [[Mitanni]], a [[Hurrians|Hurrian-speaking people]] of Hittite region.<ref>{{cite book |author=von Dassow, Eva |year=2008 |title=State and Society in the Late Bronze Age |publisher=University Press of Maryland |isbn=978-1-934309-14-8 |pages=77, 85–86 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5QtAQAAIAAJ}}</ref>

Indra as a deity was known in the capital of the Hittite Empire in northeastern [[Asia minor]], as evidenced by the inscriptions on the [[Bogazköy_Archive|Boghaz-köi clay tablets]] dated to about 1400 BCE. This tablet mentions a treaty, but its significance is in four names it includes reverentially as ''Mi-it-ra'', ''U-ru-w-na'', ''In-da-ra'' and ''Na-sa-at-ti-ia''. These are respectively, Mitra, [[Varuna]], Indra and Nasatya-Asvin of the Vedic pantheon as revered deities, and these are also found in Avestan pantheon but with Indra and Naonhaitya as demons. This at least suggests that Indra and his fellow deities were in vogue in South Asia and Asia minor by about mid 2nd-millennium BCE.<ref name="Griswold1971p177"/><ref>{{cite book |author=Rapson, Edward James |year=1955 |title=The Cambridge History of India |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=320–321 |id=GGKEY:FP2CEFT2WJH |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gYg8AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA320}}</ref>

During the Vedic age, Indra’s prominence is underscored by his frequency in the Vedic hymns; he is the sole dedicatee of approximately 250 hymns, and is praised alongside other deities in an additional 50 hymns within the ''[[Rigveda]]'' – a [[Hindu]] scripture dated to have been composed sometime between 1700 and 1100 BCE.<ref name="Griswold1971p177"/> He is also mentioned in the ancient Indo-Iranian literature, but with a major inconsistency when contrasted with the Vedas. In the Vedic literature, Indra is a heroic god. In the Avestan (ancient, pre-Islamic Iranian) texts such as ''[[Vendidad|Vd.]]'' 10.9, ''[[Denkard|Dk.]]'' 9.3 and ''[[Bundahishn|Gbd]]'' 27.6-34.27, Indra – or accurately Andra<ref name="Müller1897p757">{{cite book |author=Müller, Friedrich Max |year=1897 |title=Contributions to the Science of Mythology |publisher=Longmans Green |pages=[https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog/page/n346 756]–759 |url=https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog}}</ref> – is a gigantic demon who opposes truth.<ref name="Colarusso329"/>{{efn|In deities that are similar to Indra in the [[Hittite mythology|Hittite]] and European mythologies, he is also heroic.<ref name="Colarusso329"/>}} In the Vedic texts, Indra kills the archenemy and demon Vritra who threatens mankind. In the Avestan texts, Vritra is not found.<ref name="Müller1897p757"/>

According to David Anthony, the Old Indic religion probably emerged among Indo-European immigrants in the contact zone between the [[Zeravshan River]] (present-day [[Uzbekistan]]) and (present-day) Iran.{{sfn|Anthony|2007|p=462}} It was "a syncretic mixture of old Central Asian and new Indo-European elements",{{sfn|Anthony|2007|p=462}} which borrowed "distinctive religious beliefs and practices"{{sfn|Beckwith|2009|p=32}} from the [[Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex|Bactria–Margiana Culture]].{{sfn|Beckwith|2009|p=32}} At least 383 non-Indo-European words were found in this culture, including the god Indra and the ritual drink [[Soma (drink)|Soma]].{{sfn|Anthony|2007|p=454-455}} According to Anthony,
{{blockquote|Many of the qualities of Indo-Iranian god of might/victory, [[Verethraghna]], were transferred to the god Indra, who became the central deity of the developing Old Indic culture. Indra was the subject of 250 hymns, a quarter of the ''Rig Veda''. He was associated more than any other deity with ''Soma'', a stimulant drug (perhaps derived from ''Ephedra'') probably borrowed from the BMAC religion. His rise to prominence was a peculiar trait of the Old Indic speakers.{{sfn|Anthony|2007|p=454}}}}

However, according to [[Paul Thieme]], "there is no valid justification for supposing that the Proto-Aryan adjective *vrtraghan was specifically connected with *Indra or any other particular god."<ref>{{cite journal |last=Thieme |first=Paul |date=Oct–Dec 1960 |title=The 'Aryan' gods of the Mitanni treaties |journal=[[Journal of the American Oriental Society]] |volume=80 |issue=4 |pages=301–317 |doi=10.2307/595878 |jstor=595878}}</ref>

==Iconography==
{{multiple image
| align = right
| image1 = Indra, Chief of the Gods LACMA M.69.13.4 (1 of 5).jpg
| width1 = 170
| alt1 =
| caption1 =
| image2 = 12th-century Vedic Indra and Indrani at Shaivism Hindu temple Hoysaleswara arts Halebidu Karnataka India (crop).jpg
| width2 = 110
| alt2 =
| caption2 =
| footer = Indra's iconography shows him holding a [[thunderbolt]] or [[Vajra]] and a sword. In addition he is shown on top of his elephant [[Airavata]], which reinforces his characteristic of [[King of the Gods]]. Sometimes he is accompanied by his wife, [[Shachi]]. Left: A gilt-copper sculpture of Indra, c. 16th-century. Right: From [[Hoysaleswara temple]], 12th century CE.
}}
In ''Rigveda'', Indra is described as a strong willed, armed with a thunderbolt, riding a chariot:

{{blockquote|5. Let bullish heaven strengthen you, the bull; as bull you travel with your two bullish fallow bays.
As bull with a bullish chariot, well-lipped one, as bull with bullish will, you of the mace, set us up in loot.|Rigveda, Book 5, Hymn 37: Jamison<ref name="The Rigveda">{{cite book |last1 = Jamison |first1 = Stephanie |last2 = Brereton |first2 = Joel |date = 23 February 2020 |title = The Rigveda |publisher = Oxford University Press |isbn = 978-0-19-063339-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1LTRDwAAQBAJ}}</ref>}}

Contrary to how he has been portrayed in post-Vedic works of art, Indra is described as having glowing golden hair, rather than the dark hair common among most Hindu gods:

{{blockquote|5. It was just you who were gladdened when you were praised by the ancient sacrificers, o golden-haired Indra.|Rigveda, Book 10, Hymn 97: Jamison<ref name="The Rigveda">{{cite book |last1 = Jamison |first1 = Stephanie |last2 = Brereton |first2 = Joel |date = 23 February 2020 |title = The Rigveda |publisher = Oxford University Press |isbn = 978-0-19-063339-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1LTRDwAAQBAJ}}</ref>}}

Indra's weapon, which he used to kill the evil Vritra, is the [[vajra]] or thunderbolt. Other alternate iconographic symbolism for him includes a [[bow (weapon)|bow]] (sometimes as a colorful rainbow), a sword, a [[Indra's net|net]], a noose, a hook, or a conch.<ref name="Daniélou1991p110">{{cite book |author=Daniélou, Alain |year=1991 |title=The Myths and Gods of India: The classic work on Hindu polytheism from the Princeton Bollingen Series |publisher=Inner Traditions |isbn=978-0-89281-354-4 |pages=110–111 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1HMXN9h6WX0C&pg=PA110}}</ref> The thunderbolt of Indra is called Bhaudhara.<ref name="Madan">{{cite book |last=Gopal |first=Madan |year=1990 |title=India through the Ages |editor=Gautam, K.S. |publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India |page=[https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/75 75] |url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada}}</ref>

In the post-Vedic period, he rides a large, four-tusked white elephant called [[Airavata]].<ref name="Daniélou1991p108"/> In sculpture and relief artworks in temples, he typically sits on an elephant or is near one. When he is shown to have two, he holds the vajra and a bow.{{sfn|Masson-Oursel|Morin|1976|p=326}}

In the ''[[Shatapatha Brahmana]]'' and in Shaktism traditions, Indra is stated to be the same as the goddess [[Shodashi]] (Tripura Sundari), and her iconography is described similarly to that of Indra.<ref>{{cite book|author=Alain Daniélou|title=The Myths and Gods of India: The Classic Work on Hindu Polytheism from the Princeton Bollingen Series|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1HMXN9h6WX0C |year=1991|publisher=Inner Traditions|isbn=978-0-89281-354-4|page=278}}</ref>

The [[rainbow]] is called Indra's [[bow and arrow|Bow]] ({{langx|sa|इन्द्रधनुस्}} {{IAST|indradhanus}}).<ref name="Daniélou1991p110"/>

==Literature==
===Vedic texts===
[[File:Guardians of the eight directions 02.JPG|thumb|upright|Indra is typically featured as a guardian deity on the east side of a [[Hindu temple]].]]
[[File:Indra.png|thumb|upright|Modern depiction of Indra, Old Kalyan Print.]]
Indra was a prominent deity in the [[Historical Vedic religion]].<ref name="Griswold1971p177"/> In Vedic times Indra was described in Rig Veda 6.30.4 as superior to any other god. Sayana in his commentary on Rig Veda 6.47.18 described Indra assuming many forms, making [[Agni]], [[Vishnu]], and [[Rudra]] his illusory forms.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/rig-veda-english-translation/d/doc834193.html | title=Rig Veda 6.47.18 [English translation] | date=27 August 2021 }}</ref>

Over a quarter of the 1,028 hymns of the ''[[Rigveda]]'' mention Indra, making him the most referred to deity.<ref name="Griswold1971p177"/><ref name="Daniélou1991p106">{{cite book|author=Alain Daniélou|title=The Myths and Gods of India: The Classic Work on Hindu Polytheism from the Princeton Bollingen Series|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1HMXN9h6WX0C&pg=PA106 |year=1991|publisher=Inner Traditions|isbn=978-0-89281-354-4|pages=106–107}}</ref> These hymns present a complex picture of Indra, but some aspects of Indra are often repeated. Of these, the most common theme is where he as the god with thunderbolt kills the evil serpent [[Vritra]] that held back rains, and thus released rains and land nourishing rivers.<ref name="Müller1903p395"/> For example, the [[Rigveda 1.32|Rigvedic hymn 1.32]] dedicated to Indra reads:
{{Verse translation|italicsoff=y|
{{lang|sa|इन्द्रस्य नु वीर्याणि प्र वोचं यानि चकार प्रथमानि वज्री <nowiki>।</nowiki>
अहन्नहिमन्वपस्ततर्द प्र वक्षणा अभिनत्पर्वतानाम् <nowiki>॥१।।</nowiki>
अहन्नहिं पर्वते शिश्रियाणं त्वष्टास्मै वज्रं स्वर्यं ततक्ष ।
वाश्रा इव धेनवः स्यन्दमाना अञ्जः समुद्रमव जग्मुरापः <nowiki>॥२।।</nowiki>}}
| attr1 = Rigveda, 1.32.1–2<ref>[https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/ऋग्वेद:_सूक्तं_१.३२ ऋग्वेद: सूक्तं १.३२], Wikisource Rigveda Sanskrit text</ref>
|1. Now I shall proclaim the heroic deeds of Indra, those foremost deeds that the mace-wielder performed:
He smashed the serpent. He bored out the waters. He split the bellies of the mountains.
2. He smashed the serpent resting on the mountain—for him Tvaṣṭar had fashioned the resounding [sunlike] mace.
Like bellowing milk-cows, streaming out, the waters went straight down to the sea.<ref>{{cite book |author=Stephanie Jamison|title=The Rigveda –– Earliest Religious Poetry of India|year=2015 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-063339-4|page=135 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1LTRDwAAQBAJ}}</ref>}}

In the myth, [[Vritra|Vṛtra]] has coiled around a mountain and has trapped all the waters, namely the [[Sapta Sindhu|Seven Rivers]]. All the gods abandon Indra out of fear of Vṛtra. Indra uses his vajra, a mace, to kill Vritra and smash open the mountains to release the waters. In some versions, he is aided by the [[Maruts]] or other deities, and sometimes cattle and the sun is also released from the mountain.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Oldenberg|first=Hermann|title=Die Religion Des Veda|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|year=2004|page=77|language=de|translator-last=Shrotri|translator-first=Shridhar B.|trans-title=The Religion of the Veda|orig-date=1894 (First Edition), 1916 (Second Edition)}}</ref> In one interpretation by Oldenberg, the hymns are referring to the snaking thunderstorm clouds that gather with bellowing winds (Vritra), Indra is then seen as the storm god who intervenes in these clouds with his thunderbolts, which then release the rains nourishing the parched land, crops and thus humanity.<ref name="griswold180">{{cite book|author=Hervey De Witt Griswold|title=The Religion of the Ṛigveda|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vhkt5K1fw2wC&pg=PA177 |year=1971|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-0745-7|pages=180–183 with footnotes}}</ref> In another interpretation by Hillebrandt, Indra is a symbolic sun god ([[Surya]]) and Vritra is a symbolic winter-giant (historic mini cycles of ice age, cold) in the earliest, not the later, hymns of ''Rigveda''. The Vritra is an ice-demon of colder central Asia and northern latitudes, who holds back the water. Indra is the one who releases the water from the winter demon, an idea that later metamorphosed into his role as storm god.<ref name="griswold180" /> According to Griswold, this is not a completely convincing interpretation, because Indra is simultaneously a lightning god, a rain god and a river-helping god in the Vedas. Further, the Vritra demon that Indra slew is best understood as any obstruction, whether it be clouds that refuse to release rain or mountains or snow that hold back the water.<ref name="griswold180" /> Jamison and Brereton also state that Vritra is best understood as any obstacle. The Vritra myth is associated with the Midday Pressing of soma, which is dedicated to Indra or Indra and the Maruts.<ref name=":0" />

Even though Indra is declared as the king of gods in some verses, there is no consistent subordination of other gods to Indra. In Vedic thought, all gods and goddesses are equivalent and aspects of the same eternal abstract [[Brahman]], none consistently superior, none consistently inferior. All gods obey Indra, but all gods also obey Varuna, Vishnu, Rudra and others when the situation arises. Further, Indra also accepts and follows the instructions of [[Savitr]] (solar deity).<ref name="Keith1925p93">{{cite book|author=Arthur Berriedale Keith|title=The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PaH4uKI7MaEC |year=1925 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0645-0|pages=93–94}}</ref> Indra, like all Vedic deities, is a part of [[henotheism|henotheistic]] theology of ancient India.<ref>{{cite book|author=Friedrich Max Müller |title=Contributions to the Science of Mythology|url=https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog |year=1897|publisher=Longmans Green |page=[https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog/page/n348 758]}}</ref>

The second-most important myth about Indra is about the Vala cave. In this story, the [[List of ancient Indo-Aryan peoples and tribes#Vedic tribes|Panis]] have stolen cattle and hidden them in the Vala cave. Here Indra utilizes the power of the songs he chants to split the cave open to release the cattle and dawn. He is accompanied in the cave by the Angirases (and sometimes Navagvas or the Daśagvas). Here Indra exemplifies his role as a priest-king, called ''bṛhaspati''. Eventually later in the Rigveda, [[Bṛhaspati]] and Indra become separate deities as both Indra and the Vedic king lose their priestly functions. The Vala myth was associated with the Morning Pressing of soma, in which cattle was donated to priests, called ''[[Dakshina|dakṣiṇā]].''<ref name=":0">{{cite book |author=Stephanie Jamison|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fgzVAwAAQBAJ|title=The Rigveda –– Earliest Religious Poetry of India |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2015|isbn=978-0-19-063339-4|location=|pages=38–40}}</ref>

Indra is not a visible object of nature in the Vedic texts, nor is he a personification of any object, but that agent which causes the lightning, the rains and the rivers to flow.<ref>{{cite book|author=Friedrich Max Müller|title=Contributions to the Science of Mythology|url=https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog |year=1897|publisher=Longmans Green |page=[https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog/page/n347 757]}}</ref> His myths and adventures in the Vedic literature are numerous, ranging from harnessing the rains, cutting through mountains to help rivers flow, helping land becoming fertile, unleashing sun by defeating the clouds, warming the land by overcoming the winter forces, winning the light and dawn for mankind, putting milk in the cows, rejuvenating the immobile into something mobile and prosperous, and in general, he is depicted as removing any and all sorts of obstacles to human progress.<ref>{{cite book|author=Jan Gonda|author-link=Jan Gonda|title=The Indra Hymns of the Ṛgveda|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KtcUAAAAIAAJ |year=1989|publisher=Brill Archive|isbn=90-04-09139-4|pages=4–5}}</ref> The Vedic prayers to Indra, states [[Jan Gonda]], generally ask "produce success of this rite, throw down those who hate the materialized [[Brahman]]".<ref>{{cite book|author=Jan Gonda|author-link=Jan Gonda|title=The Indra Hymns of the Ṛgveda|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KtcUAAAAIAAJ |year=1989|publisher=Brill Archive|isbn=90-04-09139-4|page=12}}</ref> The hymns of ''Rigveda'' declare him to be the "king that moves and moves not", the friend of mankind who holds the different tribes on earth together.<ref>{{cite book|author=Hervey De Witt Griswold|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vhkt5K1fw2wC&pg=PA180|title=The Religion of the Ṛigveda|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|year=1971|isbn=978-81-208-0745-7|page=180, verse 1.32.15}}</ref>

Indra is often presented as the twin brother of [[Agni]] (fire) – another major Vedic deity.<ref>{{cite book|author=Friedrich Max Müller|title=Contributions to the Science of Mythology|url=https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog |year=1897|publisher=Longmans Green |page=[https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog/page/n417 827]}}</ref> Yet, he is also presented to be the same, states Max Muller, as in Rigvedic hymn 2.1.3, which states, "Thou Agni, art Indra, a bull among all beings; thou art the wide-ruling Vishnu, worthy of adoration. Thou art the Brahman, (...)."<ref>{{cite book |author=Müller, Friedrich Max |year=1897 |title=Contributions to the Science of Mythology |publisher=Longmans Green |page=[https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog/page/n418 828] |url=https://archive.org/details/contributionsto01mlgoog}}</ref> He is also part of one of many Vedic trinities as "Agni, Indra and Surya", representing the "creator-maintainer-destroyer" aspects of existence in Hindu thought.<ref name="Daniélou1991p106"/>{{efn|The Trimurti idea of Hinduism, states [[Jan Gonda]], "seems to have developed from ancient cosmological and ritualistic speculations about the triple character of an individual god, in the first place of ''Agni'', whose births are three or threefold, and who is threefold light, has three bodies and three stations".<ref name=Gonda-1969>{{cite journal |first=Jan |last=Gonda |year=1969 |title=The Hindu trinity |journal=Anthropos |volume=63–64 |issue=1–2 |pages=212–226 |jstor=40457085}}</ref>{{rp|style=ama|pages=218–219}} Other trinities, beyond the more common "Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva", mentioned in ancient and medieval Hindu texts include: "'''Indra''', Vishnu, Brahmanaspati", "Agni, '''Indra''', Surya", "Agni, Vayu, Aditya", "Mahalakshmi, Mahasarasvati, and Mahakali", and others.<ref name=Gonda-1969/>{{rp|style=ama|pages=212–226}}<ref name=davidwhite29>{{cite book |first=David |last=White |year=2006 |title=Kiss of the Yogini |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-89484-3 |pages=4, 29}}</ref>}}

Rigveda 2.1.3 Jamison 2014<ref name=Jamison-2014/>

# You, Agni, as bull of beings, are Indra; you, wide-going, worthy of homage, are Viṣṇu. You, o lord of the sacred formulation, finder of wealth, are the Brahman [Formulator]; you, o Apportioner, are accompanied by Plenitude.
Parentage of Indra is inconsistent in Vedic texts, and in fact Rigveda 4.17.12 states that Indra himself may not even know that much about his mother and father. Some verses of Vedas suggest that his mother was a ''grishti'' (a cow), while other verses name her Nishtigri. The medieval commentator [[Sayana]] identified her with [[Aditi]], the goddess who is his mother in later Hinduism. The [[Atharvaveda]] states Indra's mother is Ekashtaka, daughter of [[Prajapati]]. Some verses of Vedic texts state that Indra's father is [[Tvashtr|Tvaṣṭar]] or sometimes the couple [[Dyaus]] and [[Prithvi]] are mentioned as his parents.<ref name=Jamison-2014>{{cite book |last=Jamison |first=Stephanie W. |year=2014 |title=The Rigveda: Earliest religious poetry of India |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-937018-4 |pages=39, 582}}</ref>{{rp|style=ama|pages=39, 582}}<ref name=":1"/><ref name="DPr"/> According to a legend found in it{{Where|date=July 2024}}, before Indra is born, his mother attempts to persuade him to not take an unnatural exit from her womb. Immediately after birth, Indra steals soma from his father, and Indra's mother offers the drink to him. After Indra's birth, Indra's mother reassures Indra that he will prevail in his rivalry with his father, Tvaṣṭar. Both the unnatural exit from the womb and rivalry with the father are universal attributes of heroes.<ref name=":0"/> In the Rigveda, Indra's wife is Indrani, alias Shachi, and she is described to be extremely proud about her status.<ref>{{cite book |author=Kinsley, David |year=1988 |title=Hindu Goddesses: Visions of the divine feminine in the Hindu religious tradition |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-90883-3 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/hindugoddessesvi0000kins/page/17 17]–18 |url=https://archive.org/details/hindugoddessesvi0000kins |url-access=registration}}</ref> Rigveda 4.18.8 says after his birth Indra got swallowed by a demon Kushava.<ref name="The hymns of the Rigveda">{{cite book |editor=Griffith, R.T.H. |year=1920 |title=The Hymns of the Rigveda |place=Benares, IN |publisher=E.J. Lazarus and Co. |url=https://archive.org/details/hymnsrigveda00grifgoog/page/n133/mode/1up}}</ref>

Indra is also found in many other myths that are poorly understood. In one, Indra crushes the cart of [[Ushas]] (Dawn), and she runs away. In another Indra beats [[Surya]] in a chariot race by tearing off the wheel of his chariot. This is connected to a myth where Indra and his sidekick [[Kutsa]] ride the same chariot drawn by the horses of the wind to the house of Uśanā Kāvya to receive aid before killing [[Susna|Śuṣṇa]], the enemy of Kutsa. In one myth Indra (in some versions{{Which|date=July 2024}} helped by [[Vishnu#Vedas|Viṣṇu]]) shoots a boar named Emuṣa in order to obtain special rice porridge hidden inside or behind a mountain. Another myth has Indra kill Namuci by beheading him. In later versions of that myth Indra does this through trickery involving the foam of water. Other beings slain by Indra include Śambara, Pipru, Varcin, Dhuni and Cumuri, and others. Indra's chariot is pulled by fallow bay horses described as ''hárī''. They bring Indra to and from the sacrifice, and are even offered their own roasted grains.<ref name=":0"/>

====Upanishads====
The ancient ''[[Aitareya Upanishad]]'' equates Indra, along with other deities, with [[Atman (Hinduism)|Atman]] (soul, self) in the Vedanta's spirit of internalization of rituals and gods. It begins with its cosmological theory in verse 1.1.1 by stating that, "in the beginning, Atman, verily one only, was here - no other blinking thing whatever; he bethought himself: let me now create worlds".<ref name=Hume-1921>{{cite book |first=Robert |last=Hume |year=1921 |section=verses 1.1.1, and 1.3.13-.3.14 |title=The Thirteen Principal Upanishads |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=294–298 with footnotes |url=https://archive.org/stream/thirteenprincipa028442mbp#page/n315/mode/2up}}</ref>{{rp|style=ama|page=294}}<ref name="Deussen1997p15"/> This soul, which the text refers to as Brahman as well, then proceeds to create the worlds and beings in those worlds wherein all Vedic gods and goddesses such as sun-god, moon-god, Agni, and other divinities become active cooperative organs of the body.<ref name="Deussen1997p15"/><ref name=Hume-1921/>{{rp|style=ama|page=295–297}}<ref>{{cite book |author=Bronkhorst, Johannes |year=2007 |title=Greater Magadha: Studies in the culture of early India |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-15719-4 |page=128 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4GNG5KuH73QC}}</ref> The Atman thereafter creates food, and thus emerges a sustainable non-sentient universe, according to the Upanishad. The eternal Atman then enters each living being making the universe full of sentient beings, but these living beings fail to perceive their Atman. The first one to see the Atman as Brahman, asserts the Upanishad, said, "''idam adarsha'' or "I have seen It".<ref name="Deussen1997p15">{{cite book |author=Deussen, Paul |year=1997 |title=A Sixty Upanishads Of the Veda |volume=1 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0430-2 |pages=15–18 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cQFXNgAACAAJ}}</ref> Others then called this first seer as ''Idam-dra'' or "It-seeing", which over time came to be cryptically known as "Indra", because, claims ''Aitareya Upanishad'', everyone including the gods like short nicknames.<ref name=Hume-1921/>{{rp|style=ama|pages=297–298}} The passing mention of Indra in this Upanishad, states Alain Daniélou, is a symbolic folk etymology.<ref name="Daniélou1991p108"/>

The section 3.9 of the ''[[Brihadaranyaka Upanishad]]'' connects Indra to thunder, thunderbolt and release of waters.<ref>{{cite book |author=Olivelle, Patrick |year=1998 |title=The Early Upanishads: Annotated text and translation |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-535242-9 |page=20 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lsp18ZvstrcC}}</ref> In section 5.1 of the ''[[Avyakta Upanishad]]'', Indra is praised as he who embodies the qualities of all gods.<ref name="Daniélou1991p106"/>

===Post-Vedic texts===
{{multiple image
| total_width = 400px
| image1 = SAHASRAKHSYA AHALYA.jpg
| caption1 = Indra with Ahalya, contemporary [[Pattachitra]] painting.
| image2 = Krishna Holding Mount Govardhan - Crop.jpg
| caption2 = [[Krishna]] holding [[Govardhan hill]] from the [[Smithsonian Institution]]'s collections. [[Mola Ram]], c. 1790
}}

In post-Vedic texts, Indra is depicted as an intoxicated hedonistic god. His importance declines, and he evolves into a minor deity in comparison to others in the Hindu pantheon, such as [[Vishnu]], [[Shiva]], or [[Devi]]. In Hindu texts, Indra is some times known as an aspect ([[avatar]]) of [[Shiva]].<ref name="Daniélou1991p106"/>

In the [[Puranas]], [[Ramayana]] and [[Mahabharata]], the divine sage [[Kashyapa]] is described as the father of Indra, and [[Aditi]] as his mother. In this tradition, he is presented as one of their thirty-three sons.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mani|first=Vettam|title=Purāṇic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Purāṇic Literature|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|year=1975|isbn=978-81-208-0597--2|location=|page=318}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Dalal|first=Roshen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC&q=Indra+aditi|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide|date=2010|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-341421-6 |pages=164–165}}</ref> Indra married [[Shachi]], the daughter of the [[Danava (Hinduism)|danava]] [[Puloman]]. Most texts state that Indra had only one wife, though sometimes other names are mentioned.<ref name=":1" /> The text ''[[Bhagavata Purana]]'' mention that Indra and Shachi had three sons named [[Jayanta]], Rishabha, Midhusha.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Daniélou|first=Alain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1HMXN9h6WX0C&q=Indra+wife&pg=RA1-PA260|title=The Myths and Gods of India: The Classic Work on Hindu Polytheism from the Princeton Bollingen Series|date=December 1991|publisher=Inner Traditions / Bear & Co|isbn=978-0-89281-354-4|language=en|page=109}}</ref> Some listings add Nilambara and Rbhus.<ref name="DPr">{{Cite book|last=Jordan|first=Michael|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aqDC5bwx4_wC&q=Indra|title=Dictionary of Gods and Goddesses|date=2014-05-14|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-0985-5|language=en}}</ref> Indra and Shachi also had two daughters, [[Jayanti (Hinduism)|Jayanti]] and [[Devasena]]. Jayanti becomes the spouse of [[Shukra]], while Devasena marries the war god [[Kartikeya]].<ref name="Dalal2010">{{cite book|author=Roshen Dalal|title=The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths|year=2010|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-341517-6|pages=190, 251}}</ref> Indra is depicted as the spiritual father of [[Vali (Ramayana)|Vali]] in the ''[[Ramayana]]'' and [[Arjuna]] in the ''[[Mahabharata]]''.<ref name=donigerindra/> Since he is known for mastering all weapons in warfare, his spiritual sons Vali and [[Arjuna]] also share his martial attributes. He has a charioteer named [[Mātali|Matali]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dowson |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=leH7AQAAQBAJ&dq=matali+charioteer+of+indra&pg=PA205 |title=A Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion, Geography, History and Literature |date=2013-11-05 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-39029-6 |page=205 |language=en}}</ref>

Indra had multiple affairs with other women. One such was [[Ahalya]], the wife of sage Gautama. Indra was cursed by the sage. Although the Brahmanas (9th to 6th centuries BCE) are the earliest scriptures to hint at their relationship, the 7th- to 4th-centuries BCE Hindu epic [[Ramayana]] – whose hero is [[Rama]] – is the first to explicitly mention the affair in detail.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Söhnen|first=Renate|date=February 1991|title=Indra and Women|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bulletin-of-the-school-of-oriental-and-african-studies/article/indra-and-women/7F6A10EAFE97A94A433232ACF75C2712|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies|language=en|volume=54|issue=1|pages=68–74|doi=10.1017/S0041977X00009617|s2cid=162225024|issn=1474-0699|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

Indra becomes a source of nuisance rains in the Puranas, caused out of anger with an intent to hurt mankind. [[Krishna]], an avatar of [[Vishnu]], comes to the rescue by lifting [[Govardhan Hill|Mount Govardhana]] on his fingertip, and letting mankind shelter under the mountain till Indra exhausts his anger and relents.<ref name=donigerindra>Wendy Doniger (2015), [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Indra Indra: Indian deity], Encyclopædia Britannica</ref> According to the [[Mahabharata]], Indra disguises himself as a [[Brahmin]] and approaches Karna and asks for his kavacha (body armor) and kundala (earrings) as charity. Although being aware of his true identity, [[Karna]] peeled off his kavacha and kundala and fulfilled the wish of Indra. Pleased by this act, Indra gifts Karna a celestial dart called the Vasavi Shakti.{{Citation needed|date=July 2024}}

According to the ''[[Vishnu Purana]]'', Indra is the position of being the king of the gods which changes in every [[Manvantara]]—a cyclic period of time in [[Hindu cosmology]]. Each [[Manvantara]] has its own Indra and the Indra of the current [[Manvantara]] is called ''Purandhara''.<ref name = "Dalal2010" /><ref name=":2"/><ref name=":3"/><ref name=":4"/>
[[File:Indra deva.jpg|thumb|Painting of Indra on his elephant mount, Airavata, {{circa|1820}}.]]
=== Sangam literature (300 BCE–300 CE) ===
The [[Sangam literature]] of the [[Tamil language]] contains more stories about Indra by various authors. In the ''[[Cilappatikaram]]'', Indra is described as ''Malai venkudai mannavan,'' literally meaning, "Indra with the pearl-garland and white umbrella".<ref>{{cite book|author=S Krishnamoorthy|title=Silappadikaram|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=STbMzFKaxcQC |year=2011|publisher=Bharathi Puthakalayam}}</ref>

Sangam literature also describes [[Indra Vizha (festival)|Indra Vila]] (festival for Indra), the festival for want of rain, celebrated for one full month starting from the full moon in Uttrai ([[Chaitra]]) and completed on the full moon in Puyali ([[Vaisakha]]). This is described in the epic ''Cilappatikaram'' in detail.<ref>{{cite book|author=S Krishnamoorthy|title=Silappadikaram|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=STbMzFKaxcQC |year=2011|publisher=Bharathi Puthakalayam|pages=31–36}}</ref>

In his work ''[[Tirukkural]]'' (before c. 5th century CE), [[Valluvar]] cites Indra to exemplify the virtue of conquest over one's senses.<ref>{{cite book|author=P. S. Sundaram|title=Kural (Tiruvalluvar)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aPpv2F2RRgcC|year=1987|publisher=Penguin Books|pages=21,159|isbn=978-93-5118-015-9}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author= S. N. Kandasamy |title= திருக்குறள்: ஆய்வுத் தெளிவுரை (அறத்துப்பால்) [Tirukkural: Research commentary: Book of Aram] |year= 2017 |publisher= Manivasagar Padhippagam | location= Chennai |pages= 42–43}}</ref>

==In other religions==

Indra is an important deity worshipped by the [[Kalash people]], indicating his prominence in [[ancient Hinduism]].<ref name="Bezhan2017">{{cite web |last=Bezhan |first=Frud |date=19 April 2017 |title=Pakistan's Forgotten Pagans Get Their Due |publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/28439107.html |access-date=11 July 2017 |quote=About half of the Kalash practice a form of ancient Hinduism infused with old pagan and animist beliefs.}}</ref><ref name=Barrington-Kendrick-2006>{{cite book |last1=Barrington |first1=Nicholas |last2=Kendrick |first2=Joseph T. |last3=Schlagintweit |first3=Reinhard |date=18 April 2006 |title=A Passage to Nuristan: Exploring the mysterious Afghan hinterland |publisher=[[I.B. Tauris]] |isbn=978-1-84511-175-5 |page=111}}</ref>{{efn|Prominent sites include Hadda, near Jalalabad, but Buddhism never seems to have penetrated the remote valleys of Nuristan, where the people continued to practise an early form of polytheistic Hinduism.<ref name=Barrington-Kendrick-2006/>}}<ref name=Weiss-Maurer-2012>{{cite book |last1=Weiss |first1=Mitch |last2=Maurer |first2=Kevin |date=31 December 2012 |title=No Way Out: A story of valor in the mountains of Afghanistan |publisher=Berkley Caliber |isbn=978-0-425-25340-3 |page=299}}</ref>{{efn|Up until the late nineteenth century, many Nuristanis practised a primitive form of Hinduism. It was the last area in Afghanistan to convert to Islam — and the conversion was accomplished by the sword.<ref name=Weiss-Maurer-2012/>}}<ref name=Ghai-2014>{{cite news |last=Ghai |first=Rajat |date=2014-02-17 |title=Save the Kalash! |newspaper=Business Standard India |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/save-the-kalash-114021700863_1.html |access-date=2021-03-08}}</ref><ref name=Jamil-2019>{{cite web |last=Jamil |first=Kashif |date=19 August 2019 |title=Uchal — a festival of shepherds and farmers of the Kalash tribe |newspaper=[[Daily Times (Pakistan)|Daily Times]] |language=en |url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/450469/uchal-a-festival-of-shepherds-and-farmers-of-the-kalash-tribe/ |access-date=23 January 2020}}</ref>{{efn|Some of their deities who are worshiped in Kalash tribe are similar to the Hindu god and goddess like Mahadev in Hinduism is called Mahandeo in Kalash tribe. ... All the tribal also visit the Mahandeo for worship and pray. After that they reach to the gree (dancing place).<ref name=Jamil-2019/>}}<ref name=West-2010>{{cite book |last=West |first=Barbara A. |date=19 May 2010 |title=Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania |publisher=[[Infobase Publishing]] |isbn=978-1-4381-1913-7 |page=357 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pCiNqFj3MQsC&pg=PA357}}</ref>{{efn|The Kalasha are a unique people living in just three valleys near Chitral, Pakistan, the capital of North-West Frontier Province, which borders Afghanistan. Unlike their neighbors in the Hindu Kush Mountains on both the Afghan and Pakistani sides of the border the Kalasha have not converted to [[Islam]]. During the mid-20th century a few Kalasha villages in Pakistan were forcibly converted to this dominant religion, but the people fought the conversion and once official pressure was removed the vast majority continued to practice their own religion. Their religion is a form of Hinduism that recognizes many gods and spirits and has been related to the religion of the ancient Greeks ... given their Indo-Aryan language, ... the religion of the Kalasha is much more closely aligned to the Hinduism of their Indian neighbors that to the religion of Alexander the Great and his armies.<ref name=West-2010/>}}<ref>{{cite book |author=Witzel, M. |chapter=[Extract: ''Kalash religion''] The Ṛgvedic religious system and its central Asian and Hindukush antecedents |editor1=Griffiths, A. |editor2=Houben, J.E.M. |year=2004 |title=The Vedas: Texts, language, and ritual |location=Groningen |publisher=Forsten |pages=581–636 |url=http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~witzel/KalashaReligion.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100817110142/http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/%7Ewitzel/KalashaReligion.pdf |archive-date=2010-08-17 |url-status=live |access-date=2022-03-11}}</ref>

===Buddhism===
{{Main|Śakra (Buddhism)}}

[[File:Indrasala cave, Loriyan Tangai.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.15|Buddhist relief from [[Loriyan Tangai]], showing Indra paying homage to the Buddha at the [[Indrasala Cave]], 2nd century CE, [[Gandhara]].]]
The Buddhist cosmology places Indra above [[Mount Sumeru]], in Trayastrimsha heaven.<ref name="Baroni2002p153"/> He resides and rules over one of the six realms of rebirth, the ''Deva'' realm of [[Saṃsāra (Buddhism)|Saṃsāra]], that is widely sought in the Buddhist tradition.{{sfn|Trainor|2004|p=62}}{{efn|Scholars<ref name=Fowler-1999>{{cite book |author=Fowler, Merv |year=1999 |title=Buddhism: Beliefs and Practices |publisher=Sussex Academic Press |isbn=978-1-898723-66-0 |page=65 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A7UKjtA0QDwC |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160831073004/https://books.google.com/books?id=A7UKjtA0QDwC |archive-date=31 August 2016 }}</ref>{{efn|For a vast majority of Buddhists in Theravadin countries, however, the order of monks is seen by lay Buddhists as a means of gaining the most merit in the hope of accumulating good karma for a better rebirth.<ref name=Fowler-1999/>}}<ref>{{cite book |author=Gowans, Christopher |year=2004 |title=Philosophy of the Buddha: An Introduction |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-46973-4 |page=169 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EbU4Hd5lro0C}}</ref> note that better rebirth, not nirvana, has been the primary focus of a vast majority of lay Buddhists. This is sought in the Buddhist traditions through merit accumulation and good ''kamma''.}} Rebirth in the realm of Indra is a consequence of very good [[Karma]] (Pali: ''kamma'') and accumulated merit during a human life.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Buswell, Robert E. Jr. |author2=Lopez, Donald S. Jr. |year=2013 |title=The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-1-4008-4805-8 |pages=230–231 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DXN2AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA231}}</ref>

[[File:Seal Bangkok Metropolitan Admin (green).svg|thumb|upright=0.65|Many official seals in southeast Asia feature Indra.<ref>{{cite journal |first=Waraporn |last=Poopongpan |year=2007 |title=Thai kingship during the Ayutthaya period: A note on its divine aspects concerning Indra |journal=Silpakorn University International Journal |volume=7 |pages=143–171}}</ref> Above: seal of Bangkok, Thailand.]]
In [[Buddhism]], Indra is commonly called by his other name, [[Śakra (Buddhism)|Śakra]] or Sakka, ruler of the [[Trāyastriṃśa|{{IAST|Trāyastriṃśa}}]] heaven.<ref name="HoltKinnard2012p45">{{cite book |author1=Holt, John Clifford |author2=Kinnard, Jacob N. |author3=Walters, Jonathan S. |year=2012 |title=Constituting Communities: Theravada Buddhism and the religious cultures of south and southeast Asia |publisher=State University of New York Press |isbn=978-0-7914-8705-1 |pages=45–46, 57–64, 108 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PnnG8sclrdYC}}</ref> Śakra is sometimes referred to as ''Devānām Indra'' or "Lord of the Devas". Buddhist texts also refer to Indra by numerous names and epithets, as is the case with Hindu and Jain texts. For example, Asvaghosha's ''Buddhacarita'' in different sections refers to Indra with terms such as "the thousand eyed",{{sfn|Cowell |Davis|1969 |pp=5, 21}} ''Puramdara'',{{Sfn|Cowell |Davis |1969|p=44}} ''Lekharshabha'',{{Sfn|Cowell|Davis|1969|p=71 footnote 1}} ''Mahendra'', ''Marutvat'', ''Valabhid'' and ''Maghavat''.{{Sfn|Cowell|Davis|1969|p=205}} Elsewhere, he is known as ''Devarajan'' (literally, "the king of gods"). These names reflect a large overlap between Hinduism and Buddhism, and the adoption of many Vedic terminology and concepts into Buddhist thought.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Robert E. Buswell Jr.|author2=Donald S. Lopez Jr.|title=The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DXN2AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA231 |year=2013|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-4805-8|page=235}}</ref> Even the term ''Śakra'', which means "mighty", appears in the Vedic texts such as in hymn 5.34 of the ''Rigveda''.<ref name="Daniélou1991p108"/><ref>Sanskrit: [https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/ऋग्वेद:_सूक्तं_५.३४ Rigveda 5.34], Wikisource; English Translation: {{cite book |author=Wilson, H.H. |year=1857 |title=Rig-veda Sanhita: A collection of ancient Hindu hymns |publisher=Trübner & Company |pages=288–291, 58–61 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LxwYAAAAYAAJ}}</ref>

In [[Theravada]] [[Buddhism]] Indra is referred to as Indā in evening chanting such as the Udissanādiṭṭhānagāthā (Iminā).<ref>{{cite web |title=Part 2 – Evening Chanting |website=www.Watpasantidhamma.org |url=https://www.watpasantidhamma.org/p/part-2-evening-chanting.html#2.12 |access-date=2019-01-18}}</ref>

[[File:BimaranCasket2.JPG|thumb|right|[[Bimaran casket]]: the Buddha (middle) is flanked by Brahma (left) and Indra, in one of the earliest Buddhist depictions (1st century CE).<ref name=lopez37/>]]
The [[Bimaran Casket]] made of gold inset with garnet, dated to be around 60 CE, but some proposals dating it to the 1st century BCE, is among the earliest archaeological evidences available that establish the importance of Indra in Buddhist mythology. The artwork shows the Buddha flanked by gods [[Brahma]] and Indra.<ref name=lopez37>{{cite book | author=Lopez, Donald S. Jr. |year=2013 |title=From Stone to Flesh: A short history of the Buddha |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-49321-3 |page=37 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pITNHIZnZ5QC}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |first=K. Walton |last=Dobbins |date=March–June 1968 |title=Two Gandhāran reliquaries |journal=East and West |volume=18 |number=1–2 |pages=151–162 |jstor=29755217}}</ref>

In [[China]], [[Korea]], and [[Japan]], he is known by the characters 帝釋天 (Chinese: 釋提桓因, pinyin: shì dī huán yīn, Korean: "Je-seok-cheon" or 桓因 ''Hwan-in'', Japanese: "Tai-shaku-ten", [[kanji]]: 帝釈天) and usually appears opposite [[Brahma]] in Buddhist art. Brahma and Indra are revered together as protectors of the historical Buddha (Chinese: 釋迦, [[kanji]]: 釈迦, also known as [[Gautama Buddha|Shakyamuni]]), and are frequently shown giving the infant Buddha his first bath. Although Indra is often depicted like a [[bodhisattva]] in the Far East, typically in [[Tang dynasty]] costume, his iconography also includes a martial aspect, wielding a thunderbolt from atop his elephant mount.{{citation needed|date=October 2016}}

In some schools of Buddhism and in Hinduism, the image of [[Indra's net]] is a metaphor for the emptiness of all things, and at the same time a metaphor for the understanding of the universe as a web of connections and interdependences.<ref>[[Indra's Net (book)#cite note-FOOTNOTEMalhotra20144-10]]</ref>{{circular reference|date=December 2019}}

In China, Indra (帝釋天 Dìshìtiān) is regarded as one of the twenty-four protective devas ([[:zh:二十四诸天|二十四諸天]] Èrshísì zhūtiān) of Buddhism. In Chinese Buddhist temples, his statue is usually enshrined in the [[Mahavira Hall]] along with the other devas.

In Japan, Indra (帝釈天 Taishakuten) is one of the [[twelve Devas]], as guardian deities, who are found in or around Buddhist temples (十二天Jūni-ten).<ref>{{cite web |title=Twelve heavenly deities (devas) |publisher=Nara National Museum |place=Nara, Japan |url=http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100031/000/000?mode=detail&d_lang=en |access-date=31 December 2015 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304201634/http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100031/000/000?mode=detail&d_lang=en }}</ref><ref name="biswas184">{{cite book |first=S. |last=Biswas |year=2000 |title=Art of Japan |publisher=Northern |isbn=978-81-7211-269-1 |page=184}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1=Willem Frederik |last1=Stutterheim |display-authors=etal |year=1995 |title=Rāma-legends and Rāma-reliefs in Indonesia |isbn=978-81-7017-251-2 |pages={{mvar|xiv–xvi}} |publisher=Abhinav Publications }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Snodgrass, A. |author-link=Adrian Snodgrass |year=2007 |title=The Symbolism of the Stupa, Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0781-5 |pages=120–124, 298–300|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers }}</ref>

The ceremonial name of [[Bangkok]] claims that the city was "given by Indra and built by [[Vishvakarman]]."<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Royal Institute Newsletter |volume=3 |issue=31 |date=December 1993 |script-title=th:กรุงเทพมหานคร |language=th |trans-title=Bangkok}} Reproduced in {{cite web |script-title=th:กรุงเทพมหานคร |trans-title=Krung Thep Mahanakhon |language=th |url=http://www.royin.go.th/th/knowledge/detail.php?ID=639 |access-date=12 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141206140602/http://www.royin.go.th/th/knowledge/detail.php?ID=639 |archive-date=2014-12-06}}</ref>

===Jainism===
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| caption1 = Left: 14th century [[Kalpasutra]] folio showing the infant [[Mahavira]] sitting in the lap of Indra being bathed by the gods (''Janma Kalyanaka'')
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}}

Indra in [[Jainism|Jain]] mythology always serves the [[Tirthankara]] teachers. Indra most commonly appears in stories related to Tirthankaras, in which Indra himself manages and celebrates the [[Panch Kalyanaka|five auspicious events]] in that Tirthankara's life, such as Chavan kalyanak, [[Birth|Janma]] kalyanak, [[Diksha]] kalyanak, [[Kevala Jnana]] kalyanak, and [[Moksha (Jainism)|moksha]] kalyanak.{{sfn|Goswamy|2014|p=245}}

There are sixty-four Indras in Jain literature, each ruling over different heavenly realms where heavenly souls who have not yet gained Kaivalya ([[moksha]]) are reborn according to Jainism.<ref name=Wileyj99/><ref name=owenj64/> Among these many Indras, the ruler of the first Kalpa heaven is the Indra who is known as ''Saudharma'' in [[Digambara]], and ''Sakra'' in [[Śvētāmbara]] tradition. He is most preferred, discussed and often depicted in Jain caves and marble temples, often with his wife Indrani.<ref name=owenj64>{{cite book |author=Owen, Lisa |year=2012 |title=Carving Devotion in the Jain Caves at Ellora |publisher=BRILL Academic |isbn=978-90-04-20629-8 |pages=25–28, 29–33 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vHK2WE8xAzYC&pg=PA25}}</ref>{{rp|style=ama|pages=25–28}}<ref>{{cite book |author=von Glasenapp, Helmuth |year=1999 |title=Jainism: An Indian religion of salvation |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-1376-2 |pages=268–269 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WzEzXDk0v6sC}}</ref> They greet the devotee as he or she walks in, flank the entrance to an idol of [[Arihant (Jainism)|Jina]] (conqueror), and lead the gods as they are shown celebrating the five auspicious moments in a Jina's life, including his birth.<ref name=Wileyj99/> These Indra-related stories are enacted by laypeople in Jainism tradition during special Puja (worship) or festive remembrances.<ref name=Wileyj99/><ref name=owenj64/>{{rp|style=ama|pages=29–33}}

In the South Indian [[Digambara]] Jain community, Indra is also the title of hereditary priests who preside over Jain temple functions.<ref name=Wileyj99/>

=== Zoroastrianism ===
{{Main article|Indar}}

As the Iranian and Indian religions diverged from each other, the two main groupings of deities, the [[Asura|''asura''s]] (Iranian ''[[ahura]]'') and [[Daeva|''daeva''s]] (Indian [[Deva (Hinduism)|''deva'']]) acquired opposite features.{{Speculation inline|date=date=July 2024}} For reasons that are not entirely clear{{Citation needed|date=July 2024}}, the ''asura''s/''ahura''s became demonized in India and elevated in Iran while the ''deva''s/''daeva''s became demonized among the Iranians and elevated in India. In the ''[[Vendidad]]'', one part of the [[Avesta]], Indra is mentioned along with Nanghaithya (Vedic Nasatya) and Saurva (Śarva) as a relatively minor demon.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book |last=Yarshater |first=Ehsan |author-link=Ehsan Yarshater |title=The Cambridge History of Iran |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-521-20092-9 |volume=3 (1) |page=348 |chapter=Iranian National History |orig-date=1983}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Encyclopædia Iranica Online|year=2004|first=W. W.|last=Malandra|title=Indra|url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/indra|access-date=14 April 2024}}</ref> At the same time, many of the features of Indra in the Rigveda are shared with the ''ahura''s [[Mithra]] and [[Verethragna]] and the Iranian legendary hero [[Fereydun|Thraetona (Fereydun)]]. It is possible that Indra, originally a minor deity who later acquired greater significance, acquired the traits of other deities as his importance increased among the Indo-Aryans.<ref name=":6" />

==See also==
{{div col begin|colwidth=12em}}
* [[Rigvedic deities]]
* [[Indreswor|Indreshwar]]
* [[Deva (Hinduism)|Deva]]
* [[Nahusha]]
* [[Ādityas|Aditya]]
* [[Lokapala]]
* [[Dikpala]]
* [[Swarga|Indraloka]]
* [[Astra (weapon)|Astra]]
* [[Indrajit#Celestial weapons (Astra's) of Indrajit|Astra of Indrajit]]
* [[Dhvaja#In Hinduism|Indra Dhwaja]]
* [[Indra's net|Indrajāla]]
* [[Vajra]], also ''Bhaudhara''
* [[Vijaya (bow)|Vijaya Dhanush]]
* [[Trāyastriṃśa]]
* [[Nat (spirit)|Nat]]
* [[Japanese Buddhist pantheon#Level 4: Heavenly deities (Ten-bu)|Ten-bu]]
* [[Dharmapala]]
* [[Śakra (Buddhism)|Sakra]] or ''Sakka''
* [[Indranama]]
* [[Saman (deity)|Saman]]
* [[Japanese Buddhist pantheon#Level 4: Heavenly deities (Ten-bu)|Taishakuten]]
* [[Thagyamin]]
* [[Vajrapani]]
* [[Yuanshi Tianzun]]
* [[Jade Emperor]]
* [[Hwanin]]
* [[Tengri]]
{{div col end}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist|25em}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin|25em}}

* {{cite book |last=Mani |first=Vettam |date=2015-01-01 |title=Puranic Encyclopedia: A comprehensive work with special reference to the epic and puranic literature |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0597-2 |language=en |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mvXsDwAAQBAJ&q=aditi+indra&pg=PP5}}
* {{cite book |last=Goswamy |first=B.N. |author-link=B. N. Goswamy |year=2014 |title=The Spirit of Indian Painting: Close encounters with 100 great works 1100-1900 |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=978-0-670-08657-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J5E3BQAAQBAJ}}
* {{cite book |last=Anthony |first=David W. |year=2007 |title=The Horse, the Wheel, and Language. How Bronze-Age riders from the Eurasian steppes shaped the modern world |publisher=Princeton University Press}}
* {{cite book |last=Beckwith |first=Christopher I. |year=2009 |title=Empires of the Silk Road |publisher=Princeton University Press}}
* {{cite book |last1=Cowell | first1= E.B. |last2=Davis | first2=Francis A. |year=1969 |title=Buddhist Mahayana Texts |publisher=Courier Corporation |isbn=978-0-486-25552-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LYIfAwAAQBAJ}}
* {{cite book |last=Wilkings |first=W.J. |year=2001 |orig-date=1882 |title=Hindu mythology, Vedic & Puranic |publisher=Elibron Classics |edition=reprint |isbn=978-0-7661-8881-5 |quote=Reprint of original Thaker, Spink & Co., Calcutta, IN |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=84pTrICjfRcC&q=indra |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009000446/http://books.google.co.th/books?id=84pTrICjfRcC&q=indra#v=snippet&q=indra&f=false |archive-date=9 October 2014 |df=dmy-all }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |author1-link=Paul Masson-Oursel | last1=Masson-Oursel | first1=P. |last2=Morin|first2=Louise |year=1976 |title=Indian Mythology |encyclopedia=New Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology |pages=325–359 |place=New York, NY |publisher=The Hamlyn Publishing Group}}
* Janda, M., ''Eleusis, das indogermanische Erbe der Mysterien'' (1998).
* {{cite book |last=Trainor |first=Kevin |year=2004 |title=Buddhism: The Illustrated Guide |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-517398-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_PrloTKuAjwC}}

{{refend}}

==External links==
{{sister project links|commonscat=yes|n=no|s=no|b=no|voy=no|v=no}}
* {{cite web |author=Lee, Phil |title=Indra and Skanda deities in Korean Buddhism |department=Chicago Divinity School |publisher=University of Chicago |place=Chicago, IL |url=https://divinity.uchicago.edu/sightings/vivid-indra-and-heavenly-dragon-general-korean-peoples-trust-buddhist-deities}}
* {{cite web |title=Indra, Lord of Storms and King of the Gods' Realm |publisher=Philadelphia Museum of Art |place=Philadelphia, PA |url=http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/permanent/88503.html}}
* {{cite web |title=Indra wood idol – 13th century, Kamakura period |place=Nara, Japan |url=http://www.narahaku.go.jp/english/collection/858-6.html}}

{{Rigveda}}
{{HinduMythology}}
{{Hindudharma}}
{{Burmese nats}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Indra| ]]
[[Category:Buddhist gods]]
[[Category:Characters in the Mahabharata]]
[[Category:Heroes in Hindu mythology]]
[[Category:Lokapala]]
[[Category:Mythological kings]]
[[Category:Dragonslayers]]
[[Category:Kings of the gods]]
[[Category:Savior gods]]
[[Category:Children of Kashyapa]]
[[Category:Summer deities]]

List of serving generals of the Indian Army

2026-03-18T05:16:52Z

Provastu6:

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2015}}

This is a list of '''serving generals''' of the [[Indian Army]]. The Army’s senior leadership has 2 [[General (India)|Generals]], almost 90 [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant Generals]], 300 [[Major Generals]] and 1,200 [[Brigadier]]s in its 43,000-strong [[Army officer|officer cadre]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-01-04 |title=Under new policy, Lieutenant Generals to be promoted on merit basis |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/under-new-policy-lieutenant-generals-to-be-promoted-on-merit-basis/articleshow/116929166.cms |access-date=2025-10-06 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Chief of Defence Staff ==

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|[[Chief of Defence Staff (India)|Chief of Defence Staff]] (also [[Secretary to the Government of India|Secretary]], [[Department of Military Affairs]])*
|[[General]]
|[[Anil Chauhan]]
|[[File:Anil Chauhan Chief of Defence Staff (CDS).jpg|frameless|142x142px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/gen-anil-chauhan-assumes-charge-as-chief-of-defence-staff/article65954351.ece|title=Gen Anil Chauhan assumes charge as Chief of Defence Staff|website=[[The Hindu]]|date=2022-09-30|access-date=2022-10-01|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001061432/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/gen-anil-chauhan-assumes-charge-as-chief-of-defence-staff/article65954351.ece|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Rotational appointment among the [[Indian Armed Forces]].

== Chief of the Army Staff ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-

|[[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]]
|[[General (India)|General]]
|[[Upendra Dwivedi]]
|[[File:General Upendra Dwivedi, PVSM, AVSM (2024).jpg|152x152px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]]
|<ref name=":160">{{Cite web |date=30 June 2024 |title=GENERAL UPENDRA DWIVEDI TAKES OVER AS THE CHIEF OF THE ARMY STAFF |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=2029664 |website=Press Information Bureau}}</ref>
|}

== Vice Chief of the Army Staff ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|[[Vice Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Vice Chief of the Army Staff]]
|[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|[[Pushpendra Pal Singh]]
|[[File:Lt General Pushpendra Singh.jpg|150x150 px]]
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM**]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 August 2025 |title=LIEUTENANT GENERAL Pushpendra Singh,, AVSM, SM**, TAKES OVER AS VICE CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2151199 |access-date=2025-08-01 |website=pib.gov.in}}</ref>
|}

== Army Commanders (Commander-in-Chief grade) ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|[[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]] [[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command]]
| rowspan="11" |[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|[[Pratik Sharma]]
|[[File:Lt General Pratik Sharma.jpg|frameless|144x144px]]
|[[Sarvottam Yudh Seva Medal|SYSM]], [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lieutenant General Pratik Sharma new Commander-in-Chief of Northern Army Command |url=https://www.newsonair.gov.in/lieutenant-general-pratik-sharma-new-commander-in-chief-of-northern-army-command/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251109095435/https://www.newsonair.gov.in/lieutenant-general-pratik-sharma-new-commander-in-chief-of-northern-army-command/ |archive-date=2025-11-09 |access-date=2026-01-01 |website=www.newsonair.gov.in |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]] [[Eastern Command (India)|Eastern Command]]
|[[Ram Chander Tiwari]]
|[[File:Lt Gen RC Tiwari.png|148x148px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/lt-gen-ram-chander-tiwari-takes-charge-of-eastern-command-2833175 | title=Lt Gen Ram Chander Tiwari takes charge of Eastern Command | date=2 January 2024 | access-date=3 January 2024 | archive-date=3 January 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103161953/https://www.deccanherald.com/amp/story/india/lt-gen-ram-chander-tiwari-takes-charge-of-eastern-command-2833175 | url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]] [[Western Command (India)|Western Command]]
|[[Manoj Kumar Katiyar]]
|[[File:Lt Gen Manoj Kumar Katiyar.jpg|frameless|148x148px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]]
|<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/lt-gen-manoj-katiyar-assumes-charge-as-general-officer-commanding-in-chief-western-command/articleshow/101419462.cms|title=Lt Gen Manoj Katiyar assumes charge as General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Western Command|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=2023-07-01|access-date=2023-07-08|archive-date=8 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708061555/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/lt-gen-manoj-katiyar-assumes-charge-as-general-officer-commanding-in-chief-western-command/articleshow/101419462.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]] [[Central Command (India)|Central Command]]
|[[Anindya Sengupta]]
|[[File:Lt Gen Anindya Sengupta.jpg|frameless|148x148px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-07-02 |title=Lt Gen Anindya Sengupta takes over as GOC-In-C, Central Command |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/lt-gen-anindya-sengupta-takes-over-as-goc-in-c-central-command/articleshow/111417554.cms |access-date=2024-07-02 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|[[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]] [[Southern Command (India)|Southern Command]]
|[[Dhiraj Seth]]
|[[File:Lt Gen Dhiraj Seth.jpg|frameless|148x148px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-01 |title=Lt Gen Dhiraj Seth assumes command of Pune-based Southern Army |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-dhiraj-seth-assumes-command-of-pune-based-southern-army-9426241/ |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]] [[South Western Command (India)|South Western Command]]
|[[Manjinder Singh (general)|Manjinder Singh]]
|[[File:Lieutenant General Manjinder Singh.jpg|frameless|148x148px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Statesman News |date=2024-07-01 |title=Lt Gen Manjinder Singh assumes charge of South-Western Command |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/lt-gen-manjinder-singh-assumes-charge-of-south-western-command-1503315595.html |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=The Statesman |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]] [[Army Training Command]]
|[[Devendra Sharma (general)|Devendra Sharma]]
|[[File:Lieutenant General Devendra Sharma.png|frameless|148x148px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lt General Devendra Sharma Takes Over As New Army Training Command Chief |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/lt-general-devendra-sharma-takes-over-as-new-army-training-command-chief-6009794 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref>
|-
|[[Commander-in-Chief, Strategic Forces Command]]**
|[[Dinesh Singh Rana]]
|[[File:Lt Gen Dinesh Singh Rana.jpg|frameless|152x152px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[PhD]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Lt Gen DS Rana Appointed New Chief of Strategic Forces Command |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2025/09/lt-gen-ds-rana-appointed-new-chief-of-strategic-forces-command.html |access-date=2025-11-26 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[Commander-in-Chief, Andaman and Nicobar Command]]**
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Navy|India}} Officer
|-
|[[Chief of Integrated Defence Staff]]**
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Air Force|india}} Officer
|-
|[[Director General Armed Forces Medical Services (India)|Director General Armed Forces Medical Services]]**
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Navy|India}} Officer
|}
<nowiki>**</nowiki>Rotational Command among the [[Indian Armed Forces]]

== Principal Staff Officers (PSO) ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|[[Deputy Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Deputy Chief of Army Staff]] (Strategy)
| rowspan="8" |[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|[[Rajiv Ghai]]
|[[File:Lt Gen Rajiv Ghai.jpg|frameless|142x142px]]

|[[Sarvottam Yudh Seva Medal|SYSM]], [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM***]]
|<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=2025-06-09 |title=Lt Gen Rajiv Ghai appointed Deputy Chief of Army Staff (Strategy); will continue as DGMO |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/lt-gen-rajiv-ghai-appointed-deputy-chief-of-army-staff-strategy-will-continue-as-dgmo20250609144741/ |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=ANI}}</ref>
|-
|[[Deputy Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Deputy Chief of Army Staff]] (Information Systems and Training)
| [[Vipul Shinghal]]
| [[File:Vipul Shinghal (cropped).jpg|frameless|150x150px]]
| [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1995420574445883887?s=20|title=Lieutenant General Vipul Shinghal, assumed the appointment of Deputy Chief of Army Staff (Information System & Training) on 01 Dec 25 after relinquishing the appointment of Deputy Chief of Integrated Defence Staff (Doctrine, Organisation & Training) at HQ IDS|date=1 December 2025|access-date=2 December 2025|website=x.com (formerly twitter)|last=Indian Army|first=ADGPI}}</ref>
|-
|[[Deputy Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Deputy Chief of Army Staff]] (Capability Development and Sustenance)
|[[Rahul R Singh]]
|[[File:Lt Gen Rahul R Singh.png|frameless|145x145px]]
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 November 2024 |title=Lieutenant General Rahul R Singh, assumed the appointment of Deputy Chief of Army Staff (Capability Development & Sustenance) today. |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1852295621480165526 |access-date=1 November 2024 |website=x.com (formerly known as Twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|[[Adjutant-General (India)|Adjutant General]]
|[[VPS Kaushik]]
|[[File:VPS Kaushik.jpg|Lt Gen VPS Kaushik alt=Lt Gen VPS Kaushik, UYSM, YSM, SM|frameless|142x142px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-03 |title=Lieutenant General VPS Kaushik Appointed as the New Adjutant General of the Indian Army |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2024/08/lieutenant-general-vps-kaushik-appointed-as-the-new-adjutant-general-of-the-indian-army.html |access-date=2024-08-04 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[Military Secretary (India)|Military Secretary]]
|[[Rashim Bali]]
| [[File:Lt Gen Rashim Bali.jpg|144x144px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-21 |title=Army prepares for major leadership changes in key Commands and Corps |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/indian-army-staff-chief-upendra-dwivedi-commands-corps-change-raja-subramani-2555972-2024-06-21 |access-date=2024-06-30 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Quartermaster General
|[[V. M. Bhuvana Krishnan]]
|[[File:Lt Gen VM Bhuvana Krishnan (cropped).jpg|alt=Lt Gen VM Bhuvana Krishnan AVSM, YSM|frameless|153x153px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://x.com/salute2soldier/status/1730482013772132759?s=20|title=Humbled & honoured while assuming the appointment of Quarter Master General & pledging to move forward with unwavering dedication to the safety, well being & success of all ranks, Lt Gen VMB Krishnan, AVSM, YSM, QMG, paid homage to gallant Bravehearts at National War Memorial|date=1 December 2023|access-date=2 December 2025|website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Master General Sustenance
|[[Amardeep Singh Aujla]]
|[[File:Lieutenant General ADS Aujla.jpg|frameless|150x150px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=ANI |date=2023-05-20 |title=Lt Gen Amardeep Singh Aujla appointed as Indian Army's new MGS |url=https://theprint.in/india/lt-gen-amardeep-singh-aujla-appointed-as-indian-armys-new-mgs/1585847/ |access-date=2024-09-05 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Engineer-In-Chief
|[[Vikas Rohella]]
|[[File:Lieutenant General Vikas Rohella.jpg|frameless|139x139px]]
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM**]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 Oct 2025 |title=Lieutenant General Vikas Rohella has assumed the appointment of Engineer-in-Chief |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1974303101814517960 |access-date=4 Oct 2025 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|}

== General Officers of Armed Forces Commands ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|Deputy Chief of [[Integrated Defence Staff]] (Operations)
| rowspan="8" |[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|Zubin A Minwalla
|[[File:Lt Gen Zubin Minwalla.png|frameless|135x135px]]
|[[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-03-09 |title=Lt Gen Zubin A Minwalla Assumes Charge as Deputy Chief of Integrated Defence Staff (Operations) |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2026/03/lt-gen-zubin-a-minwalla-assumes-charge-as-deputy-chief-of-integrated-defence-staff-operations.html |access-date=2026-03-10 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Deputy Chief of [[Integrated Defence Staff]] (Policy Planning & Force Development)
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Air Force|India}} Officer
|-
|Director General [[Defence Intelligence Agency (India)|DIA]] & Deputy Chief of [[Integrated Defence Staff]] (Intelligence)
|[[Shrinjay Pratap Singh]]
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Mayank |date=2025-04-30 |title=Armed forces up for major rejig as new Northern Army Commander, IAF Vice Chief appointed |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2025/Apr/30/armed-forces-up-for-major-rejig-as-new-northern-army-commander-iaf-vice-chief-appointed |access-date=2026-03-01 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Deputy Chief of [[Integrated Defence Staff]] (Doctrine, Organization & Training)
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Navy|India}} Officer
|-
|Deputy Chief of [[Integrated Defence Staff]] (Medical)
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Air Force|India}} Officer
|-
|Additional Secretary, [[Department of Military Affairs]]
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Navy|India}} Officer
|-
|Director General (Organisation & Personnel) [[Armed Forces Medical Services]]
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Navy|India}} Officer
|-
|Director General Hospital Services [[Armed Forces Medical Services]]
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Navy|India}} Officer
|}

== Chiefs of Staff of Army Commands ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 135px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|Chief of Staff Northern Command
|rowspan="7"|[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|Vijay B Nair
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2024 |title=LT GEN VIJAY B NAIR TAKES OVER AS CHIEF OF STAFF DHRUVA COMMAND |url=https://x.com/NorthernComd_IA/status/1808778226732576913?s=20 |website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Chief of Staff Eastern Command
|[[Mohit Malhotra (general)|Mohit Malhotra]]
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>[https://x.com/easterncomd/status/1952314304788918434?s=20 IG Iqbal Singh Chauhan, TM, Commander Coast Guard Region (North-East), called on Lt Gen Mohit Malhotra, COS Headquarters Eastern Command at Vijay Durg, Kolkata today.]</ref>
|-
|Chief of Staff Western Command
|Puneet Ahuja
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 October 2025 |title=Lt Gen Puneet Ahuja, SM, VSM assumed the appointment of Chief of Staff, HQ Western Command from Lt Gen Mohit Wadhwa, SM. |url=https://x.com/westerncomd_IA/status/1979772414033809759 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Chief of Staff Central Command
|Navin Sachdeva
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sachdeva |first1=Navin |title=Lt Gen Navin Sachdeva COS Central Command |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2025/04/lt-gen-navin-sachdeva-assumes-role-as-chief-of-staff-central-command-of-indian-army.html |website=SSB crack |access-date=13 April 2025}}</ref>
|-
|Chief of Staff Southern Command
|[[Sandeep Jain]]
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-03 |title=Lieutenant General Sandeep Jain Takes Over as Chief of Staff at Southern Command - SSBCrack News |url=https://news.ssbcrack.com/lieutenant-general-sandeep-jain-takes-over-as-chief-of-staff-at-southern-command/ |access-date=2026-01-12 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Chief of Staff South Western Command
|Padam Singh Shekhawat
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |first= |date=2 February 2026 |title=Lt Gen PS Shekhawat assumed the appointment of Chief of Staff, Sapta Shakti Command on 02 Feb 26. |url=https://x.com/SWComd_IA/status/2018339188748472635?s=20 |access-date=3 February 2026 |website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Chief of Staff Army Training Command
||Sukriti Singh Dahiya
|
| [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lt Gen Sukriti Singh Dahiya, SM, VSM, COS, HQ ARTRAC visited WARDEC on 14 Nov 2025 |url=https://x.com/artrac_ia/status/1989372085685358771 |archive-date= |access-date=14 November 2025 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|}

== Heads of Combat and Combat Support Arms ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|Director General [[List of regiments of the Indian Army|Infantry]]
|rowspan="6"|[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|Ajay Kumar
| [[File:Lt Gen Ajay Kumar DG Infantry.jpg|frameless|138x138px]]
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 October 2024 |title=Lieutenant General Ajay Kumar assumed the appointment of Director General Infantry today. |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1841072848707768713 |website=x.com (formerly known as Twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Regiment of Artillery (India)|Artillery]]
|Adosh Kumar
|style="text-align:center"|[[File:Lieutenant General Adosh Kumar.jpg|frameless|144x144px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/adgpi/status/1653000923126407168|title=Lieutenant General Adosh Kumar assumed appointment of the Director General of Artillery on 01 May 2023|date=2023-05-01|access-date=2023-07-08|archive-date=8 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708055316/https://twitter.com/adgpi/status/1653000923126407168|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Army Aviation Corps (India)|Army Aviation]]
|Vinod Nambiar
|
|[[Sena Medal|SM]]
||<ref>{{Cite web |title= Lt Gen Vinod Nambiar assumed the appointment of Director General & Colonel Commandant of Army Aviation - ADGPI Twitter |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1819327962493145333?t=eLaMHQMPk19pEfdAYeK5OA&s=19|access-date=2024-08-02 |website=X (formerly known as Twitter)|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Corps of Army Air Defence|Army Air Defence]]
|Sumer Ivan D'Cunha
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Goan Native Sumer Ivan D'Cunha Promoted To Lieutenant General |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/goa/goan-native-sumer-ivan-dcunha-promoted-to-lieutenant-general |access-date=2023-10-30 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en |archive-date=30 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030063733/https://www.freepressjournal.in/goa/goan-native-sumer-ivan-dcunha-promoted-to-lieutenant-general |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Indian Army Armoured Corps|Armoured Corps]]
|Prit Pal Singh
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]]
|
|-
|[[Corps of Signals (India)|Signal]] Officer-in-Chief
|Vivek Dogra
|style="text-align:center"|
|[[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Indian Army |first=ADGPI |date=1 January 2026 |title=Lieutenant General Vivek Dogra assumed the appointment of Signal Officer-in-Chief today. In a solemn ceremony, he laid the wreath and paid homage at the National War Memorial to the Bravehearts, honouring their supreme sacrifice for the nation and unwavering devotion to duty |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/2006699610463678735?s=20 |website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|}

==Heads of Services and Directorates==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|Director General [[Military operations of India|Military Operations]]
| rowspan="22" |[[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|Manish Luthra
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=DGMO Lt Gen Manish Luthra delivered a talk to #HCC on national security challenges, Indian Army's adaptation to emerging tech & changing conflict landscapes |url=https://x.com/ia_awc/status/1991411186680938560?s=20 |access-date=26 Nov 2025 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Directorate of Military Intelligence (India)|Military Intelligence]]
|[[R. S. Raman]]
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Mayank |date=2023-06-10 |title=Indian Army gets new DGs of Intelligence, Information Warfare and Strategic Planning |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2023/Jun/10/indian-army-gets-new-dgs-of-intelligence-information-warfare-and-strategic-planning-2583731.html |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Indian Army Pioneer Corps|Operational Logistics]]
|Sanjay Mitra
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=On the occasion of 50th Raising Day of 18 GRENADIERS, Lt Gen Sanjay Mitra, AVSM, DG(OL&SM) & Col of the Regiment, on behalf of all ranks paid homage to Bravehearts at National War Memorial. Floral homage was also paid on honour walls by serving personnels and veterans |url=https://x.com/salute2soldier/status/2027643930226135540?s=20 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=X (formerly twitter) |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Army Service Corps (India)|Supplies and Transport]]
|[[Mukesh Chadha (general)|Mukesh Chadha]]
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 April 2025 |title=On taking over the reins of DGST and Sr Comdt of Army Service Corps, Lt Gen Mukesh Chadha, AVSM, SM, VSM, laid wreath and paid homage to Bravehearts at National War Memorial. |url=https://x.com/salute2soldier/status/1906968081060049189 |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=1 April 2025 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Army Medical Corps (India)|Medical Services]] (Army)
|C G Muralidharan
|[[File:Lt Gen CG Muralidharan.jpg|frameless|153x153px]]
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 October 2025 |title=Lt Gen CG Muralidharan Assumes Office as Director General of Medical Services (Army) |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=2180769 |access-date=19 October 2025 |website=Press Information Bureau}}</ref>
|-
|Director General Manpower Planning and Personnel Services
|Rajeev Puri
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Bank of India Signs MoU With Indian Army for Rakshak Salary Package |url=https://smestreet.in/banking/bank-of-india-signs-mou-with-indian-army-for-rakshak-salary-package-8830574 |access-date=2025-06-25 |website=smestreet.in |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Army Ordnance Corps (India)|Ordnance Services]]
|Deepak Ahuja
| style="text-align:center" |[[File:Lieutenant General Deepak Ahuja.jpg|frameless|151x151px]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=ADGPI |first=Indian Army |date=6 Oct 2025 |title=Lieutenant General Deepak Ahuja has assumed the appointment of Director General Ordnance Services. Upon taking over, in a solemn ceremony, he laid a wreath to honour the supreme sacrifice of the Bravehearts at the National War Memorial, New Delhi |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1975132980005032335 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Army Dental Corps (India)|Dental Services]]
|Vineet Sharma
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 Feb 2024 |title=Lt Gen Daljit Singh, DGAFMS & All Ranks of AFMS congratulate Lt Gen Vineet Sharma on assumption of the appointment of Director General Dental Services wef 01 Feb 2024 |url=https://x.com/dgafms_mod/status/1752919632032509986 |access-date=3 Oct 2025 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Indian Army Corps of EME|Electronics and Mechanical Engineers]]
|Rajiv Kumar Sahni
| style="text-align:center" |[[File:Lt Gen Rajiv Kumar Sahni.jpg|frameless|151x151px]]
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]], [[PhD]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 Oct 2025 |title=Lieutenant General Rajiv Kumar Sahni, assumed the appointment of Director General of Electronics and Mechanical Engineers and Colonel Commandant of the Corps of EME, today |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1973306564615278648 |access-date=1 Oct 2025 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Border Roads Organisation]]
|Harpal Singh
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-01 |title=Lt Gen Harpal Singh Takes Charge as 29th Director General of Border Roads Organisation - SSBCrack News |url=https://news.ssbcrack.com/lt-gen-harpal-singh-takes-charge-as-29th-director-general-of-border-roads-organisation/ |access-date=2026-01-01 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Director General Capability Development
|Vineet Gaur
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-06-17 |title=Led by Rajnath, Defence Dialogue to 'strive' for strong India today |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/led-by-rajnath-defence-dialogue-to-strive-for-strong-india-today/articleshow/101057026.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-07-14 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=14 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230714072507/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/led-by-rajnath-defence-dialogue-to-strive-for-strong-india-today/articleshow/101057026.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Director General Integrated Training
|Ajay Ramdev
| style="text-align:center" |
|[[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Embassy of India Kathmandu, Nepal |url=https://www.indembkathmandu.gov.in/gallery-detail/267 |access-date=2025-08-01 |website=www.indembkathmandu.gov.in |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Director General Information Systems
|Harsh Chhibber
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]], [[PhD]]
|<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=1 October 2025 |title=Maj Gen G Srinivas assumed charge as Commandant, College of Defence Management on 01 Oct 25, succeeding Lt Gen Harsh Chhibber who proceeds on promotion as DG Information Systems after an impactful 15-month tenure at CDM |url=https://x.com/HQ_IDS_India/status/1973345509877113070 |access-date=1 Oct 2025 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Director General Information Warfare
|
|
|
|
|-
|Director General Strategic Planning
|
|
|
|
|-
|Director General Staff Duties
|Mohinder Pal Singh
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|
|-
|Director General [[National Cadet Corps (India)|National Cadet Corps]]
|[[Virendra Vats]]
| |[[File:Lieutenant General Virendra Vats.jpg|frameless|152x152px]]
|[[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Lt Gen Virendra Vats Takes Over as Director General of National Cadet Corps |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2173448 |access-date=2025-09-30 |website=PIB |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Director General Recruiting
|Anoop Shinghal
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://x.com/IaSouthern/status/1904419299433099574?s=20|title=Lt Gen Anoop Shinghal, Director General of Recruiting and Colonel Commandant, Regiment Of Artillery visited Artillery Centre, Nashik, where he reviewed the latest training methodologies and infrastructure advancements|date=25 Mar 2025|access-date=27 Jan 2026|website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Director General Financial Planning
|Ulhas Kirpekar
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1829947484459708609?t=lE5e6_oq5HrRas7QvgeGHw&s=19|title=Lt Gen Ulhas Kirpekar assumed the appointment of Director General Financial Planning of Indian Army from Lt Gen Samir Gupta, who has superannuated today|date=2024-08-31|access-date=2024-08-31|website=X (formerly known as Twitter)|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Director General [[Territorial Army (India)|Territorial Army]]
|Girish Kalia
|[[File:Lt Gen Girish Kalia DGTA.jpg|frameless|142x142px]]
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1995456532130271603?s=20|title=Lieutenant General Girish Kalia, assumed the appointment of Director General Territorial Army today. Upon taking over the charge, he paid homage to the Bravehearts at the National War Memorial, honouring their supreme sacrifice and unwavering devotion to duty.|date=1 December 2025|access-date=2 December 2025|website=x.com (formerly twitter)|last=Indian Army|first=ADGPI}}</ref>
|-
|Director General Land, Works and Environment
|Sanjay Malik
|
|[[Sena Medal|SM]]
||
|-
|Director General Discipline, Ceremonials and Welfare
|Ranjeet Singh
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite tweet | user=IndiaInNepal | number=1932388094961152039 | title=Lt Gen Ranjeet Singh, DG DC&W, IA addressed Indian Army veterans at BGSN, Kathmandu and presented them an EV vehicle for ease of transportation. }}</ref>
|-
|Additional Director General International Cooperation
| rowspan="10" |[[Major general (India)|Major General]]
|Akaash Johar
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 Feb 2026 |title=Maj Gen Akaash Johar, ADG International Cooperation, led the Indian side at the 3rd Army-to-Army Staff Talks with the Royal Cambodian Army in Phnom Penh |url=https://x.com/indembcam/status/2023730301823013193?s=20 |website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Additional Director General Strategic Communication
|Sandeep S Sharda
|
|[[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rana |first=Javaria |date=2025-08-15 |title=Yudh Seva Medal for Major General SS Sharda, who led Indian Army's info war during Op Sindoor |url=https://theprint.in/defence/yudh-seva-medal-for-major-general-ss-sharda-who-led-indian-armys-info-war-during-op-sindoor/2721921/ |access-date=2025-08-24 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Additional Director General [[Rashtriya Rifles]]
|S H Naqvi
|
|[[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gurung|first=Shaurya Karanbir|title=Army Rejig: Now ADG to head Rashtriya Rifles {{!}} Indian Army|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/army-rejig-now-adg-to-head-rashtriya-rifles/articleshow/68663165.cms|access-date=2021-04-05|archive-date=10 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210810213214/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/army-rejig-now-adg-to-head-rashtriya-rifles/articleshow/68663165.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|Additional Director General [[Army Education Corps (India)|Army Education Corps]]
|Vir Kumar Bhat
|
|[[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://x.com/salute2soldier/status/1929050488625832228?s=20|title=Celebrating 105th Corps Day of Army Educational Corps, a wreath-laying ceremony was solemnised at National War Memorial in which Maj Gen Vir Kumar Bhat, VSM, ADG AE & Col Comdt, along with serving personnels & veterans paid homage to #Bravehearts at Amar Jawan Jyoti|date=2025-06-01|access-date=2026-02-08|archive-date=|archive-url=|url-status=live|website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Provost Marshal [[Corps of Military Police (India)|Corps of Military Police]]
|Vikram Singh Sekhon
|
|[[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=On the Occasion of 86th Raising day of Corps of Military Police, Lt Gen VPS Kaushik, UYSM, YSM, SM, AG & Col Comdt and Maj Gen VS Sekhon, YSM, SM, Provost Marshal laid wreath and paid homage at Amar Jawan Jyoti in a solemn wreath laying ceremony at National War Memorial. |url=https://x.com/salute2soldier/status/1979415932520010020 |access-date=2 Nov 2025 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Judge Advocate General, [[Indian Army]]
|B S Negi
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=A one-day Military Law Capsule was held for Judicial Officers of the Delhi Judicial Academy at the Institute of Military Law on 20 Jan 2026.
51 Trainee Judicial Officers of Delhi Judicial Service were given an overview of the military justice system and a comparison with civil laws. The discussions sought to clarify letter and spirit of military law within the broader constitutional framework and aimed to enhance civil-military legal fusion.
The closing remarks were delivered by Maj Gen B S Negi, Judge Advocate General (Army) |url=https://x.com/artrac_ia/status/2013608454880141779?s=20 |access-date=8 Feb 2026 |website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Additional Director General (Litigation) [[Indian Army]]
|Javed Iqbal
|
|
|<ref name="Supreme Court of India">{{Cite web|url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/171653929/|title=Indiankanoon|access-date=2022-08-23|archive-date=15 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415112331/https://indiankanoon.org/doc/171653929/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|Additional Director General [[Military Nursing Service]]
|Lisamma PV
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=2025-05-02 |title=Major General Lisamma P.V. takes charge as Additional Director General, Military Nursing Service |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/major-general-lisamma-pv-takes-charge-as-additional-director-general-military-nursing-service/article69530727.ece |access-date=2026-03-01 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=}}</ref>
|-
|Additional Director General [[Army Postal Service (India)|Army Postal Service Corps]]
|Shipra Sharma
|
|[[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=President Droupadi Murmu released a Commemorative Postage Stamp and First Day Cover on the President’s Bodyguard at Rashtrapati Bhavan. The first album was presented by Major General Shipra Sharma, Addl. Dte Gen APS |url=https://x.com/IndiaPostOffice/status/1973339139622969609?s=20 |access-date=2026-03-01 |website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Additional Director General of Human Rights
|Anand Saxena
|
|
|<ref>{{cite web |date= |title=Maj Gen Anand Saxena, ADG (HR & Human Rights), delivered insightful talks at CDM IDS for participants of HDMC21 on “Human Rights Aspects of the Indian Army – Criticalities and Complexities” and “Applied Karma Yoga for Leaders.” |url=https://x.com/HQ_IDS_India/status/2018618351854252235?s=20 |access-date=2026-03-01 |archive-date= |archive-url= |url-status= }}</ref>
|}

==Commandants of Training Institutions==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|[[Commandant of the Indian Military Academy|Commandant Indian Military Academy]]
| rowspan="19" |[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|Nagendra Singh
|
|[[AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-03 |title=Meet Lt Gen Nagendra Singh: The New Commandant of Indian Military Academy |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2025/06/lt-gen-nagendra-singh-appointed-as-new-commandant-of-indian-military-academy.html |access-date=2025-07-01 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[Commandant of the National Defence Academy|Commandant National Defence Academy]]
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Navy|India}} Officer
|-
|[[Armed Forces Medical College (India)|Commandant Armed Forces Medical College]]
|Pankaj P Rao
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-05 |title=Lt Gen Pankaj P Rao takes charge as Pune AFMC Commandant |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-pankaj-rao-assumes-charge-as-pune-afmc-commandant-9818521/ |access-date=2025-07-01 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Officers Training Academy|Commandant Officers Training Academy, Chennai]]
|Michael AJ Fernandez
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-23 |title=Lieutenant General Michael AJ Fernandez Assumes Command of OTA Chennai |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2024/06/lieutenant-general-michael-aj-fernandez-assumes-command-of-ota-chennai.html |access-date=2024-08-14 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[Officers Training Academy|Commandant Officers Training Academy, Gaya]]
|Vivek Kashyap
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-09-18 |title=Lt Gen Vivek Kashyap takes over as 12th commandant of OTA Gaya |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/lt-gen-vivek-kashyap-takes-over-as-12th-commandant-of-ota-gaya/articleshow/123978105.cms |access-date=2025-09-22 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|[[Commandant of the Defence Services Staff College|Commandant Defence Services Staff College]]
|Manish Mohan Erry
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-18 |title=Lieutenant General Manish Erry Takes Over as Commandant of DSSC, Wellington |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2025/09/lieutenant-general-manish-erry-takes-over-as-commandant-of-dssc-wellington.html |access-date=2025-09-22 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[Army Hospital Research and Referral|Commandant Army Hospital Research and Referral]]
|Avinash Das
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-02 |title=Lt Gen Avinash Das Assumes Charge as Commandant, Army Hospital (Research & Referral) |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2025/11/lt-gen-avinash-das-assumes-charge-as-commandant-army-hospital-research-referral.html |access-date=2025-11-02 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[Army War College, Mhow|Commandant Army War College]]
|Harjeet Singh Sahi
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Indian Army |first=Army Training Command |date=19 August 2024 |title=Lt Gen Devendra Sharma, GOCinC & All Ranks of Army Training Command, ARTRAC congratulate Lt Gen Harjeet Singh Sahi, on taking over as the Commandant of Army War College, AWC, Mhow. |url=https://x.com/artrac_ia/status/1825535074973995142 |website=x.com}}</ref>
|-
|[[Commandant of the National Defence College|Commandant National Defence College]]
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Air Force|india}} Officer
|-
|Commandant Infantry School
|Gajendra Joshi
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://x.com/artrac_ia/status/1730595217013973303?s=20 | title=Lt Gen Gajendra Joshi took over as the #Comdt of The Infantry School today... | access-date=2 December 2023 | archive-date=29 April 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429050658/https://twitter.com/artrac_ia/status/1730595217013973303?s=20 | url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|Commandant School of Artillery
|Navneet Singh Sarna
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lt Gen Devendra Sharma, GOCinC & All Ranks of Army Training Command, ARTRAC congratulate and extend Best Wishes to Lt Gen NS Sarna on taking over as the Commandant, School of Artillery. - ADGPI Twitter |url=https://x.com/artrac_ia/status/1818866982378160585?t=i-Qd7BUjpZ9BvT-UcK70Vw&s=09|access-date=2024-08-01 |website=X (formerly known as Twitter)|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Army Air Defence College|Commandant Army Air Defence College]]
|R C Srikanth
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2025 |title=Lt Gen Devendra Sharma, GOCinC & All Ranks of Army Training Command, congratulate and extend Best Wishes to Lieutenant General RC Srikanth, AVSM, VSM on taking over as Commandant, Army Air Defence College, Gopalpur on 23 Jun 2025. |url=https://x.com/artrac_ia/status/1937785147597742282 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|[[College of Military Engineering, Pune|Commandant College of Military Engineering]]
|A K Ramesh
|
|[[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lt Gen AK Ramesh Comdt, CME, Pune called on Lt Gen AK Singh, after assumption of command.|url=https://twitter.com/IaSouthern/status/1712335358174826689 |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=X (formerly known as Twitter) |language=en |archive-date=30 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030064300/https://twitter.com/IaSouthern/status/1712335358174826689 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|[[Military College of Telecommunication Engineering|Commandant Military College of Telecommunication Engineering]]
|Praveen Bakshi
|
|[[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 January 2026 |title=Lt Gen Devendra Sharma, PVSM, AVSM, SM GOC-in-C & All Ranks of Army Training Command, ARTARC Congratulate and extend Best Wishes to Lt Gen Praveen Bakshi, VSM on taking over as the Commandant , Military College of Telecommunication Engineering |url=https://x.com/artrac_ia/status/2006691925286654104?s=20 |website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|Commandant Military College of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering
|Neeraj Varshney
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |author=Bureau, The Hindu |date=2024-04-01 |title=Lieutenant General Neeraj Varshney takes over as Commandant of MCEME |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/lieutenant-general-neeraj-varshney-takes-over-as-commandant-of-mceme/article68015907.ece |access-date=2024-04-04 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=3 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403104023/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/lieutenant-general-neeraj-varshney-takes-over-as-commandant-of-mceme/article68015907.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Commandant Army Service Corps Centre and College
|Jatinder Kumar Gera
|
|
||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-30 |title=Lt Gen J K Gera Takes Charge as Commandant of Army Service Corps Centre & College, Bengaluru |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2024/10/lt-gen-j-k-gera-takes-charge-as-commandant-of-army-service-corps-centre-college-bengaluru.html |access-date=2024-11-21 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Commandant Army Medical Corps Centre and College
|Shivinder Singh
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-10-17 |title=Lt Gen Shivinder Singh new commandant of AMC centre and college Lucknow |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/lt-gen-shivinder-singh-takes-command-of-amc-centre-college-in-lucknow/articleshow/114294059.cms#:~:text=Lt%20Gen%20Shivinder%20Singh%20new%20commandant%20of%20AMC%20centre%20and%20college%20Lucknow&text=Lucknow:%20Lt%20Gen%20Shivinder%20Singh,of%20AMC%20Records%20in%20Lucknow. |access-date=2024-10-23 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|Commandant Military Intelligence Training School and Depot
|Devinder Pal
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 November 2024 |title=Lt Gen Devendra Sharma, GOCinC & All Ranks of Army Training Command congratulate Lt Gen Devinder Pal, SM on assuming the appointment of Commandant, Military Intelligence Training School and Depot, Pune |url=https://x.com/artrac_ia/status/1852171095702671585 |website=x.com (formerly known as Twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|[[Military College of Materials Management|Commandant College of Materials Management]]
|Sanjay Sethi
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://x.com/artrac_ia/status/1697663808913936764?s=20|title=Lt Gen Sanjay Sethi took over as the Comdt MCMM Jabalpur from Lt Gen Rakesh Kapoor who superannuated after an illustrious career spanning four decades in the Indian Army.|date=1 Sep 2023|access-date=27 Jan 2026|website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|[[Counter-Insurgency and Jungle Warfare School|Commandant Counter Insurgency and Jungle Warfare School]]
| rowspan="6" |[[Major general (India)|Major General]]
|Kulvir Singh
|
|[[Sena Medal|SM**]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Major General Kulvir Singh Assumes Command of Counter Insurgency & Jungle Warfare School, Vairengte |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2025/09/major-general-kulvir-singh-assumes-command-of-counter-insurgency-jungle-warfare-school-vairengte.html |access-date=2025-10-29 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[High Altitude Warfare School|Commandant High Altitude Warfare School]]
|Puneet Doval
|
|[[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-02 |title=Major General Puneet Doval Appointed Commandant of High Altitude Warfare School, Gulmarg |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2025/12/major-general-puneet-doval-appointed-commandant-of-high-altitude-warfare-school-gulmarg.html |access-date=2025-12-03 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|[[College of Defence Management|Commandant College of Defence Management]]
|G Srinivas
|
|
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|Commandant Military Institute of Technology
| colspan="4" |Presently tenanted by an {{Navy|India}} Officer
|-
|Commandant Armoured Corps Centre and School
|Vikram Varma
|
|[[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM**]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.punekarnews.in/armoured-corps-records-launches-innovative-call-centre-for-soldiers-and-veterans/|title=Armoured Corps Records Launches Innovative Call Centre for Soldiers and Veterans|date=2024-03-31|access-date=2024-06-11}}</ref>
|-
|[[Indian Military Training Team|Commandant Indian Military Training Team Bhutan]]
|
|
|
|
|}

== General Officers Commanding Corps ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[I Corps (India)|I Corps]] ''Strike One Corps''
| rowspan="14" |[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|V Hariharan
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Lt Gen V Hariharan took over command of StrikeOne from Lt Gen Sanjay Mitra. |url=https://x.com/NorthernComd_IA/status/1934967306356211861|website=x (formerly known as Twitter)|access-date=2025-06-17|language=en|date=2025-06-17}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[II Corps (India)|II Corps]] ''Kharga Corps''
|Rajesh Pushkar
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{cite web|date=1 July 2024 |title=Lt Gen Rajesh Pushkar assumed the command of Kharga Corps from Lt Gen Rahul R Singh.|url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1807753194279260372?t=SUooCly10AsPqwiw3jZq3A&s=19|website=x (formerly known as Twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[III Corps (India)|III Corps]] ''Spear Corps''
|Abhijit S Pendharkar
|
|[[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-10 |title=Lt Gen Abhijit S Pendharkar took over command of the Spear corps from Lt Gen HS Sahi. |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1822216964820873641 |website=X (formerly known as Twitter)|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[IV Corps (India)|IV Corps]] ''Gajraj Corps''
|Gambhir Singh
|
|[[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lt Gen Gambhir Singh takes over as GOC IV Corps - ADGPI Twitter |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1818974871319421190?t=9iRz_raMnJUXYlfWo5ylSQ&s=19|access-date=2024-08-01 |website=X (formerly known as Twitter)|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[IX Corps (India)|IX Corps]] ''Rising Star Corps''
|Rajan Sharawat
|
|[[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-10 |title=Lt Gen Rajan Sharawat took over the command of Nashak Navtara Corps from Lt Gen S P Singh. |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1822252672004554933 |website=X (formerly known as Twitter)|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[X Corps (India)|X Corps]] ''Chetak Corps''
|Shamsher Singh Virk
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2025 |title=On the occasion of the 47th Raising Day of Chetak Corps, Lt Gen Shamsher Singh Virk, #GOC, Chetak Corps, in a solemn ceremony, laid wreath at 'Yodha Yaadgar' War Memorial, on behalf of all ranks and civil defence employees, in remembrance of the #BraveHearts who made the supreme sacrifice during the various battles fought by the formation, while serving the Nation |url=https://x.com/ChetakCorps_IA/status/1939934484423667988 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[XI Corps (India)|XI Corps]] ''Vajra Corps''
|Ajay Chandpuria
|
|[[AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{cite web |date=2024-07-01 |title=Lt Gen Ajay Chandpuria takes over command of the Vajra Corps from Lt Gen Vijay B Nair. |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1807781017916182546 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=X (formerly known as Twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[XII Corps (India)|XII Corps]] ''Konark Corps''
|Aditya Vikram Singh Rathee
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-17 |title=Lieutenant General A V S Rathee Assumes Command of Konark Corps |url=https://ssbcrackexams.com/lieutenant-general-a-v-s-rathee-assumes-command-of-konark-corps/ |access-date=2025-06-27 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[XIV Corps (India)|XIV Corps]] ''Fire and Fury Corps''
|Hitesh Bhalla
|
|[[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Shaurya Chakra|SC**]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-01 |title=Lt Gen Hitesh Bhalla takes over the command of the "Fire & Fury Corps" from Lt Gen Rashim Bali. |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/1807752046122086627 |website=X (formerly known as Twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[XV Corps (India)|XV Corps]] ''Chinar Corps''
|Prashant Srivastava
|
|[[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lt Gen Prashant Srivastava assumes command of Army's Chinar Corps |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/lt-gen-prashant-srivastava-assumes-command-of-armys-chinar-corps20241005125039/ |access-date=2024-10-07 |website=ANI News |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[XVI Corps (India)|XVI Corps]] ''White Knight Corps''
|Prasanna Kishore Mishra
|
|[[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal|UYSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{cite web |last1=PK |first1=Mishra |title=Lt gen PK Mishra takes over 16 corps |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/lt-gen-pk-mishra-takes-over-as-new-goc-of-nagrota-based-white-knight-corps/articleshow/119882891.cms |website=Times of India |date=2 April 2025 |publisher=Sanjay Khajuria}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[XVII Corps (India)|XVII Corps]] ''Brahmastra Corps''
|Yash Singh Ahlawat
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-20 |title=Lt General Yash Ahlawat Assumes Command of Brahmastra Corps |url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2024/11/lt-general-yash-ahlawat-assumes-command-of-brahmastra-corps.html |access-date=2024-11-21 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[XXI Corps (India)|XXI Corps]] ''Sudarshan Chakra Corps''
|Arvind Chauhan
|
|[[Yudh Seva Medal|YSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-01|title=Lieutenant General Arvind Chauhan assumes Command of Sudarshan Chakra Corps| url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2025/08/lt-gen-arvind-chauhan-takes-command-of-sudarshan-chakra-corps.html |access-date=2025-08-06
|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding [[XXXIII Corps (India)|XXXIII Corps]] ''Trishakti Corps''
|Man Raj Singh Mann
|
|[[Sena Medal|SM**]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lt Gen Man Raj Singh Mann Assumes Command of Trishakti Corps|url=https://www.ssbcrack.com/2025/10/lt-gen-man-raj-singh-mann-assumes-command-of-trishakti-corps.html|date=2025-10-01|access-date=2026-01-27|language=en-US}}</ref>
|}

== General Officers Commanding Areas ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
| General Officer Commanding Delhi Area (Indian Army) |General Officer Commanding Delhi Area
| rowspan="7" |[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|Bhavnish Kumar
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite tweet | user=adgpi | number=1719377878037799408 | title=Lt Gen Bhavnish Kumar assumed the command of #Delhi Area from Lt Gen Dhiraj Seth.}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding Uttar Bharat Area
|Divya Gaurav Misra
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]]
|<ref>{{cite web |date=2024-05-31 |title=In a change of command ceremony held at Headquarters Uttar Bharat Area on 31 May 24 Lieutenant General Zubin A Minwalla handed over the reins of command to Lieutenant General DG Misra. |url=https://x.com/UBArea_IA/status/1796549750499766673 |access-date=2024-06-11 |website=x.com}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding Madhya Bharat Area
|Harbinder Singh Vandra
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2026 |title=Lt Gen Harbinder Singh Vandra, AVSM, SM took over the reins of Madhya Bharat Area at Jabalpur on 01 Feb 2026 as the General Officer Commanding. |url=https://x.com/suryacommand/status/2018228214997590342?s=20 |access-date=2 Feb 2026 |website=X (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding Dakshin Bharat Area
|[[V Sreehari]]
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Shaurya Chakra|SC]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{cite web | title=Lieutenant General V. Sreehari to take charge as GOC, Dakshin Bharat Area from August 1 | work=The Hindu | date=31 July 2025 | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/lieutenant-general-v-sreehari-to-take-charge-as-goc-dakshin-bharat-area-from-august-1/article69878048.ece }}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding Maharashtra, Gujarat and Goa Area
|Dheerendra Singh Kushwah
|
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 August 2025 |title=Lt Gen D.S. Kushwah, AVSM, SM took over command of HQ MG & G Area, succeeding Lt Gen Pawan Chadha, SM, VSM. |url=https://x.com/IaSouthern/status/1958024482557423680 |website=X(formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding 101 Area
|Mohit Wadhwa
|
|[[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ministry of Defence |first=Spokesperson & PRO Shillong |date=29 October 2025 |title=Lt Gen Mohit Wadhwa, SM assumed command of the Prestigious 101 Area - First in Dhaka. His distinguished service and steadfast commitment to duty will inspire all ranks to strive for excellence and operational readiness. |url=https://x.com/proshillong/status/1983494026473951469 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|-
|General Officer Commanding 111 Area
|Pawan Chadha
|
|[[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2025 |title=Lt Gen RC Tiwari, Army Cdr EC congratulates Lt Gen Pawan Chadha on assuming the appointment of GOC, 111 Area. Lt Gen Pawan Chadha, a highly decorated officer with an illustrious career has held several prestigious assignments in Indian Army. |url=https://x.com/easterncomd/status/1967624508380176637 |access-date=9 Sep 2025 |website=x.com (formerly twitter)}}</ref>
|}

==Other General Officers==

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;" | Post
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Rank
! scope="col" style="width: 180px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;" | Photo
! scope="col" style="width: 160px;" | Decorations
! scope="col" style="width: 5px;" | Reference
|-
|[[Director General of Assam Rifles]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]]
|[[Vikas Lakhera]]
|[[File:Lt General Vikas Lakhera AVSM SM.jpg|frameless|142x142px]]
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-08-01 |title=Lt Gen Vikas Lakhera assumes charge as DG of Assam Rifles |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/lt-gen-vikas-lakhera-assumes-charge-as-dg-of-assam-rifles/articleshow/112198223.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2026-02-28 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref>
|-
|Force Commander, [[United Nations Mission in South Sudan|UNMISS]]
|[[Mohan Subramanian]]
|[[File:Lieutenant General Subramanian Mohan.png| Fremaless|142x142px]]
|[[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], [[AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lieutenant General Mohan Subramanian of India - Force Commander of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) {{!}} United Nations Secretary-General |url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/personnel-appointments/2022-07-05/lieutenant-general-mohan-subramanian-of-india-force-commander-of-the-united-nations-mission-south-sudan-(unmiss) |access-date=2022-07-07 |website=www.un.org |archive-date=14 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220714231105/https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/personnel-appointments/2022-07-05/lieutenant-general-mohan-subramanian-of-india-force-commander-of-the-united-nations-mission-south-sudan-%28unmiss%29 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Military Secretary to the [[President of India|President]]
|rowspan="2" |[[Major general (India)|Major General]]
|Voodev Parida
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=President's Secretariat |url=https://www.rashtrapatibhavan.gov.in/telephone-directory?field_designations_value=&title=&page=2 |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=}}</ref>
|-
|Joint Secretary Army & TA
|Gurpreet Singh Choudhry
|
|[[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], [[Sena Medal|SM]], [[Vishisht Seva Medal|VSM]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Department of Military Affairs |url=https://mod.gov.in/en/department-military-affairs-2 |website=}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
*[[List of serving admirals of the Indian Navy]]
*[[List of serving marshals of the Indian Air Force]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Military of India}}
{{Indian Army}}

[[Category:Indian generals|*]]
[[Category:Indian military appointments]]
[[Category:Lists of Indian military personnel|Generals]]
[[Category:Indian Army appointments]]
[[Category:Lists of active duty military personnel|Indian Army]]

The embassy sent by Shah Abbas to the Mughal court

2026-03-17T08:50:37Z

Provastu6: New basic info first draft

{{Multiple issues|
{{Orphan|date=June 2024}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2023}}
}}

[[File:Jahangir & Abbas I.jpg|200px|thumb|right|[[Abbas the Great]] and [[Jahangir]]]]

'''The embassy sent by Shah Abbas to the Mughal court''' — refers to the embassy sent by the [[Safavid dynasty|Safavid]] [[Abbas the Great|Shah Abbas]] to the court of the [[Mughal emperors|Great Mughal]] [[Jahangir|Emperor Sultan Jahangir Shah]] in 1620. The main goal of the embassy was to ensure the annexation of [[Kandahar]] to the [[Safavid Iran|Safavid Empire]].

== The reason ==
After Shah Abbas came to the throne, he defeated both the [[Uzbek Khanate]] and the [[Ottoman Empire]] and returned the lost lands. When he was still in the initial stage of his rule, the Mughals captured Kandahar. Kandahar was thought to be the main region waiting to be returned. In such circumstances, Jahangir Shah tried to solve the issue diplomatically. At this time, the first embassy was sent by the Mughals. The embassy was headed by the Mughal noble Khan Alam. Khan Alam was from the famous family and his great ancestors had been servants of [[Timur|Amir Teymur]], a historical figure whom Abbas greatly admired and loved. The Spanish envoy Fiqueroa was also at Abbas's court at the time, and he reported that Khan Alam wore pearl earrings, carried a jeweled dagger, and was described by Indian merchants in Isfahan as incredibly rich. The Alam was accompanied by about 800 attendants and several hundred guards and an exotic collection of Indian fauna. [[Iskandar Beg Munshi|Iskander Bey Turkman]], who saw the arrival of the embassy in Isfahan with his own eyes, writes that the delegation was accompanied by 10 huge elephants equipped with gold tusks and decorated with all kinds of decorations, tigers, leopards, antelopes, cheetahs, rhinoceroses, talking birds and water buffaloes that collect various kinds of garbage. There were also various animals included. One of the members of the delegation was Bishan Das, the court painter of the Mughals. While he was in the Safavid Empire, he took some pictures and took them to Jahangir Shah. However, it was not possible to solve the Kandahar issue, which was the main goal of this embassy. Shah Abbas stubbornly demanded that Kandahar be returned to him and declared that he would not make any concessions. But for the last time, he decided to use diplomacy to solve the issue.<ref>{{cite book|author=Sussan Babaie|title=Slaves of the Shah: New Elites of Safavid Iran|year=2004|location=[[London]]|publisher=I. B. Tauris|url=https://www.academia.edu/5918307/Slaves_of_the_Shah_New_Elites_of_Safavid_Iran|pages=108–109|isbn=978-1-8606-4721-5}}</ref> It was also intended to respond to the embassy of Khan Alam. Zeynal Khan Shamli was elected as the leader. This issue was politely brought up again during the visit of Abbas's envoy Zeynal Bey to the Great Mughal Empire. Before that, Zeynal Bey was sent by Abbas to Europe as an ambassador, and in 1619 he was sent to the Mughal court together with Khan Alam. Iskander Bey Munshi Abbas chose Zeynal Bey because he had the necessary qualities as a messenger:<ref name=":0">{{cite book|author=Sussan Babaie|title=Slaves of the Shah: New Elites of Safavid Iran|year=2004|location=[[London]]|publisher=I. B. Tauris|url=https://www.academia.edu/5918307/Slaves_of_the_Shah_New_Elites_of_Safavid_Iran|page=110|isbn=978-1-8606-4721-5}}</ref>

{{Blockquote
|text=He possessed inner harmony, shrewdness, magnanimity, natural good manners and excellent communication skills. In addition, he was a man fully trusted by the Shah. In turn, Zeynal Bey, based on the devotion and loyalty expected of a Sufi, became the leader of the supreme spiritual leader (murshudu Kamilin) and was not hesitated to sacrifice his life or property in the service of his benefactor.}}

The embassy of Zeynal Bey was prepared as grandly as the embassy of Khan Alam, so that the power of the Safavid Empire would not be underestimated.<ref name=":0" /> But the embassy was not successful and the Mughals did not agree to return Kandahar. A few years later, Abbas attacked Kandahar and the Mughals were forced to accept it.<ref>{{cite book|author=Sussan Babaie|title=Slaves of the Shah: New Elites of Safavid Iran|year=2004|location=[[London]]|publisher=I. B. Tauris|url=https://www.academia.edu/5918307/Slaves_of_the_Shah_New_Elites_of_Safavid_Iran|pages=284–285|isbn=978-1-8606-4721-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Sussan Babaie|title=Slaves of the Shah: New Elites of Safavid Iran|year=2004|location=[[London]]|publisher=I. B. Tauris|url=https://www.academia.edu/5918307/Slaves_of_the_Shah_New_Elites_of_Safavid_Iran|page=94|isbn=978-1-8606-4721-5}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Embassy sent by Shah Abbas to the Mughal court}}
[[Category:Diplomatic missions of Safavid Iran|Mughal]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of the Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:India–Iran relations]]
[[Category:1620s in Iran]]
[[Category:1620s in the Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:1620 in India]]

Vedan (rapper)

2026-03-13T18:43:29Z

Provastu6: New basic details with sources

{{Short description|Indian rapper and songwriter}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Vedan
| image = Vedan at his concert.jpg
| alt = The rapper is on stage, holding a microphone
| caption = Vedan in 2024
| native_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1994|10|25|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Thrissur]], [[Kerala]], India
| birth_name = Hirandas Murali
| genre = {{hlist|[[Malayalam hip hop]]|[[Rap music|Rap]]}}
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Rapper]]|[[Songwriter]]}}
| years_active = 2020–present
| label = [[Mass Appeal India]], [[Sony Music India]], Karupp Records
| origin =
| spouse = {{Marriage|Navami Latha|2026}}
| awards = [[Kerala State Film Awards]]
| website =
}}
'''Hirandas Murali''' (born 25 October 1994), known professionally as '''Vedan''', is an Indian [[Rapping|rapper]] and [[songwriter]] from [[Kerala|Kerala, India]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news |title=Vedan is a huge hit at Kochi Music Foundation hip hop festival |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/music/vedan-is-a-huge-hit-at-kochi-music-foundation-hip-hop-festival/articleshow/80190497.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227092035/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/music/vedan-is-a-huge-hit-at-kochi-music-foundation-hip-hop-festival/articleshow/80190497.cms |archive-date=27 February 2024 |access-date=27 February 2024 |work=Times of India}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite news |title=Double edged word |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2020/Jun/19/double-edged-word-2158363.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308121954/https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2020/Jun/19/double-edged-word-2158363.html |archive-date=8 March 2024 |access-date=8 March 2024 |work=The New Indian Express}}</ref> He is best known for his tracks, "Kuthanthram" (from "''[[Manjummel Boys]]''"), "Kondal Vedan Song" (from "[[Kondal]]"), "La Vida", "Mauna Loa", and "Voice of Voiceless". His songs often address themes of [[Caste system in India|savarna caste politics]], class, and resistance, and span both independent releases and contributions to [[Malayalam cinema]]. In 2025, he was awarded the [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Lyricist]].<ref>https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/kerala-names-vedan-best-lyricist-amidst-multiple-sexual-assault-charges-draws-flak</ref>


== Early life ==
Vedan was born in Thrissur, Kerala. His mother, an [[Eelam Tamil]] from [[Jaffna|Jaffna, Sri Lanka]], migrated to [[Ooty|Ooty, Tamil Nadu]], during the Sri Lankan civil war. She was granted asylum in India and later received Indian citizenship from the [[Government of India]]. Vedan’s father, Murali, is a Malayali from the [[Paniya people|Paniya community]] and a native of [[Thrissur]].<ref>{{cite web
|last=Mathew
|first=Ranjina P.
|title=rapper-vedan-trolled-for-dating-fair-girl-youtuber-s-reaction-video-goes-viral
|url=https://malayalam.filmibeat.com/features/rapper-vedan-trolled-for-dating-fair-girl-youtuber-s-reaction-video-goes-viral-129451.html
|website=Filmibeat (Malayalam)
|publisher=Oneindia Venture
|date=6 May 2025
|access-date=9 June 2025
}}</ref> Vedan spent his childhood in a residential complex called Swapnabhoomi, located near the Thrissur railway station.<ref name=":4">{{cite news |title=Meet Vedan, whose Malayalam anti-caste rap song is a hit |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/meet-vedan-whose-malayalam-anti-caste-rap-song-hit-126676 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227105913/https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/meet-vedan-whose-malayalam-anti-caste-rap-song-hit-126676 |archive-date=27 February 2024 |access-date=27 February 2024 |work=The News Minute}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news|url=https://www.edexlive.com/people/2020/jul/28/i-am-my-own-inspiration-how-malayalam-rapper-vedan-became-the-voice-of-the-voiceless-13528.html|title=I am my own inspiration: How Malayalam rapper Vedan became the 'Voice of the Voiceless'|access-date=27 February 2024|archive-date=27 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227092031/https://www.edexlive.com/people/2020/jul/28/i-am-my-own-inspiration-how-malayalam-rapper-vedan-became-the-voice-of-the-voiceless-13528.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

His early musical influences included Tamil hip-hop artists such as [[Yogi B]], Natchatra, and [[Dhilip Varman]], as well as international musicians like [[Michael Jackson]] and [[Bob Marley]]. He gave his first public performance of an original composition during a protest against the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) and the National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Fort Kochi. The performance, by an invitation from the band Oorali, marked the beginning of his career as a socially engaged artist.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cris |date=2020-06-16 |title=Meet Vedan, whose Malayalam anti-caste rap song is a hit |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/meet-vedan-whose-malayalam-anti-caste-rap-song-hit-126676 |access-date=2025-07-17 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tagat |first=Anurag |date=2025-07-11 |title=Vedan: 'Because Of The Things I Choose To Hunt Down, I End Up Being Hunted' |url=https://rollingstoneindia.com/vedan-interview-malayalam-hip-hop-political-rap/ |access-date=2025-07-17 |website=Rolling Stone India |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Career==

=== 2020: Debut with "Voice of the Voiceless" ===
Vedan began his career in 2020 with the release of his debut music video “Voice of the Voiceless,” which addressed caste-based discrimination, [[Social exclusion|marginalization]], and social injustice.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Menon |first=Anasuya |date=2020-07-02 |title=Malayalam rapper Vedan's songs of the hunted |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/rapper-vedans-art-is-his-politics/article59859483.ece |access-date=2025-07-08 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cris |date=2020-06-16 |title=Meet Vedan, whose Malayalam anti-caste rap song is a hit |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/meet-vedan-whose-malayalam-anti-caste-rap-song-hit-126676 |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref> The video, released on YouTube, received attention for its political themes and direct lyricism, and has garnered over 1.8 crore views.

He followed it the same year with "Bhoomi", a song reflecting on global humanitarian issues, including the [[Syrian civil war]], the [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict]], and the [[Death of Alan Kurdi|death of Aylan Kurdi]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=വെബ് |date=2020-11-07 |title='ഭൂമി ഞാൻ വാഴുന്നിടം, അനുദിനം നരകമായ് മാറുന്നിടം'; മൂർച്ചയുള്ള വാക്കുകളുമായി വേടൻ വീണ്ടും {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/music/bhoomi-njan-vazhunidam-official-music-video-vedan-596610 |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=www.madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-06-11 |title=Vedan's song included in Calicut University syllabus |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/vedans-song-included-in-calicut-university-syllabus/article69682936.ece |access-date=2025-07-08 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

=== 2021–2023: Film debut, label deals ===
In 2021, Vedan made his debut in film music with the track "Narabali" from the Malayalam film “''[[Nayattu (2021 film)|Nayattu]]''”.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-29 |title=Who is Vedan? Know all about Kerala rapper arrested for alleged possession of cannabis |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/who-is-vedan-know-all-about-kerala-rapper-arrested-for-alleged-possession-of-cannabis-1384957 |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=PINKVILLA |language=en}}</ref> Later that year, he released the music video for “Vaa”, which addressed themes of caste-based oppression and the societal position of marginalized communities.<ref>{{Cite web |last=UR |first=Arya |date=2021-04-24 |title=Vaa, make a change |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2021/Apr/24/vaa-make-a-change-2293941.html |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> The video garnered over seven million views on YouTube.

He continued to grow his presence with "Social Criminal", released in 2023, a track that challenged systems of oppression on both local and global levels.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Soman |first=Sreelakshmi |date=2025-05-01 |title=Forest official: Vedan, S/o Sri Lankan Tamil refugee; Kerala's reply: We don't care! |url=https://thesouthfirst.com/kerala/forest-official-vedan-s-o-sri-lankan-tamil-refugee-keralas-reply-we-dont-care/ |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=The South First |language=en}}</ref> That same year, Vedan signed a non-exclusive deal with the music label [[Mass Appeal India]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=John |first=Michelle Rebekah |date=2025-04-29 |title=Malayalam rapper Vedan arrested in Kochi for alleged drug possession |url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/entertainment/celebs/2025/Apr/29/malayalam-rapper-vedan-arrested-in-kochi-for-alleged-drug-possession |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Indulgexpress |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hip-Hop Stars from Kerala: How Malayalam rappers create a remarkable sound that is both familiar and inventive | work=The Economic Times | date=7 September 2024 |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/hip-hop-stars-from-kerala-how-malayalam-rappers-create-a-remarkable-sound-that-is-both-familiar-and-inventive/articleshow/113155210.cms?from=mdr | last1=Bhatt | first1=Shephali }}</ref> He collaborated with [[Kshmr|KSHMR]] and [[Dabzee]] on “La Vida” featured on the album “''Karam'',” released through [[Mass Appeal India]] and [[Dharma Worldwide]].<ref>{{Citation |title=KSHMR, Dabzee & Vedan – La Vida |url=https://genius.com/Kshmr-dabzee-and-vedan-la-vida-lyrics |access-date=2025-07-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Shah |first=Surbhi |date=2023-11-28 |title=Indian music needs to steer in a 'more cool direction': KSHMR talks about rap music, album KARAM, Bollywood and more |url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/culture/music/2023/Nov/28/indian-musicwould-need-to-steer-in-a-more-cool-directionkshmrtalks-about-rap-music-album-karam-bolly-55486.html |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Indulgexpress |language=en}}</ref>

=== 2024 - present: Mainstream recognition with ''Manjummel Boys'', launching "Karupp Records" ===
In 2024, Vedan gained mainstream recognition with the track ''"Kuthanthram"'', which he co-wrote and performed for the Malayalam film ''"[[Manjummel Boys]]"'', composed by [[Sushin Shyam]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2024-01-25 |title=Sushin Shyam collaborates with Vedan for Manjummel Boys first single |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2024/Jan/25/sushin-shyam-collaborates-with-vedan-for-manjummel-boys-first-single-51513.html |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> The song received widespread attention alongside the success of the film and accumulated over 50 million streams. He followed this with ''Kondal'' (2024) for the film ''Kondal'', ''Veeran'' for the film ''"[[Checkmate (2024 film)|Checkmate]]"'' and ''Maranathin Niram'' for the film ''[[No Way Out (2022 film)|"No Way Out"]]. ''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-13 |title=Title Song From Antony Varghese's Kondal Is A Typical Vedan Banger! |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/malayalam/watch-title-song-from-kondal-is-a-typical-vedan-banger-article-113302306 |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-13 |title=Watch: First Single Veeran From Anoop Menon's Checkmate Is A Jazzy, Powerful Rap Track |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/malayalam/first-single-veeran-from-anoop-menons-checkmate-is-a-jazzy-powerful-rap-track-article-111704348 |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref> His most recent film contribution is ''Va Veda'' (2025) for the movie "''[[Narivetta]]".'' <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-20 |title=Jakes Bejoy and Vedan join forces for hard-hitting Narivetta song Vaada Veda. Watch |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/jakes-bejoy-and-vedan-join-forces-for-hard-hitting-narivetta-song-vaada-veda-watch-10018127/ |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> He was also featured in the song ''Kisses in the Clouds'' from the critically acclaimed movie [[All We Imagine as Light|'' All We Imagine as Light'' (2024)]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tagat |first=Anurag |date=2024-12-24 |title='All We Imagine As Light' Composer Topshe Talks Scoring and Songs |url=https://rollingstoneindia.com/all-we-imagine-as-light-songs-topshe-interview/ |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Rolling Stone India |language=en-US}}</ref>

In May 2024, Vedan launched Karupp Records, an independent record label aimed at promoting and supporting underrepresented artists. Since its beginning, the label has signed several talents.
Alongside his film works, Vedan continued to release independent tracks that explored a range of themes. Later In 2024, he released ''Theruvinte Mon,'' a song rooted in street life and resistance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vedan Unleashes 'Theruvinte Mon' Music Video, A Raw Tribute To Kerala's Street Life |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/regional-cinema/vedan-unleashes-theruvinte-mon-music-video-a-raw-tribute-to-keralas-street-life-ws-kl-9370605.html |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> In 2025, he surprised his listeners with ''Mauna Loa'', a love themed song that was widely appreciated and showed a new side to his music.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Celebrated rapper Vedan releases new song 'Mouna Loa' |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/music/2025/04/30/celebrated-rapper-vedan-releases-new-song-mouna-loa.html |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Celebrated rapper Vedan releases new song 'Mouna Loa' |language=en}}</ref> Released through [[Mass Appeal India]], it became his fastest track to surpass 10 million streams.

== Notable performances ==
In 2024, he performed at Gully Fest, in [[Mumbai]], one of India’s major hip-hop festivals, headlined by rapper Divine. The same year, he was also part of Rap91, another prominent event featuring rap artists from across the country. His other notable performances include Para Hip Hop Festival (2024) organised by the Kochi Music Foundation, Royal Enfield Motoverse (2024) in Goa, and Ocha Festival (2024), [[Kochi]], among many others.<ref>{{Cite news |last=M |first=Athira |date=2021-01-07 |title=Kochi Music Foundation organises 'Para', a digital hip-hop festival |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/kochi-music-foundations-digital-hip-hop-festival-streams-on-youtube/article33520259.ece |access-date=2025-07-17 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==Accolades==
{|class="wikitable sortable."
!Year
!Award
!Category
!Recipient
!Result
!Notes
!{{Refh}}
|-
|2025
|[[55th Kerala State Film Awards]]
|[[Kerala State Film Award for Best Lyricist|Best Lyrics]]
|"Kuthanthram" from ''[[Manjummel Boys]]''
|{{Won}}
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘വിയര്‍പ്പ് തുന്നിയിട്ട കുപ്പായം’; പുരസ്‌കാരം ശരിവയ്ക്കുന്ന വേടന്റെ വരികള്‍; ശബ്ദമില്ലാത്തവരുടെ ശബ്ദത്തിന് ബഹുമതി |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/music/music-news/2025/11/04/vedan-malayalam-rapper-won-kerala-state-film-awards-for-best-lyricist.html |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=www.manoramaonline.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='Viyarp Thunniitta Kuppayam' was written in a single day, happy to be recognized as a lyricist rather than a singer: Rapper Vedan |url=https://keralakaumudi.com/en/news/news.php?id=1640346&u=rapper-vedan-reponds-to-winning-state-award-for-best-lyricist-for-viyarp-thunniitta-kuppayam-song-from-manjummel-boys |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=keralakaumudi.com}}</ref>
|-
|}

==Controversies==
=== Sexual abuse ===
In 2021, Vedan was allegedly accused of sexual misconduct by a few women via a post that was shared on a [[Facebook]] page as part of the [[MeToo movement]].<ref name=":5">{{cite news |title=Malayalam rapper Vedan, known for anti-caste songs, accused of sexual misconduct |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/entertainment/2021/06/13/malayalam-rapper-vedan-known-for-anti-caste-songs-accused-of-sexual-misconduct.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227105913/https://www.theweek.in/news/entertainment/2021/06/13/malayalam-rapper-vedan-known-for-anti-caste-songs-accused-of-sexual-misconduct.html |archive-date=27 February 2024 |access-date=27 February 2024 |work=The Week}}</ref> However, there were no formal legal cases that progressed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=PA |first=Aneesa |date=2025-05-01 |title=How rapper Vedan's arrest in back-to-back cases has sparked debate on caste & suppression in Kerala |url=https://theprint.in/india/how-rapper-vedans-arrest-in-back-to-back-cases-has-sparked-debate-on-caste-suppression-in-kerala/2611005/ |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>

Following an apology posted by Vedan on social media in June 2021, the survivors issued a joint statement through the "Women Against Sexual Harassment" Facebook page, rejecting his apology. They stated that the rapper had never personally reached out to them and that his public statement was a self-serving attempt to safeguard his career and reputation rather than an act of genuine remorse.<ref>{{cite news |title='Vedan never reached out to us': Sexual harassment survivors react to rapper's apology |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/vedan-never-reached-out-us-sexual-harassment-survivors-react-rappers-apology-150644 |work=The News Minute |date=2021-06-14 |access-date=2026-02-26}}</ref>

In July 2025, A rape case was filed against Vedan by the [[Thrikkakkara|Thrikkakara]] police in [[Kochi|Kochi, Kerala]], following a complaint by a young doctor. The complainant alleged that Vedan sexually assaulted her multiple times between August 2021 and March 2023 under the false promise of marriage, after they connected through social media.<ref>{{Cite web |title='ലഹരി നൽകി പിഡീപ്പിച്ചു; ടോക്സിക്കും പൊസസ്സീവുമാണെന്ന് പറഞ്ഞ് വേടൻ ബന്ധത്തിൽനിന്ന് പിന്മാറി' |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/news/latest-news/2025/07/31/rape-case-against-vedan-allegations-complaint-copy-investigation.html |access-date=2025-07-31 |website=‘ലഹരി നൽകി പിഡീപ്പിച്ചു; ടോക്സിക്കും പൊസസ്സീവുമാണെന്ന് പറഞ്ഞ് വേടൻ ബന്ധത്തിൽനിന്ന് പിന്മാറി’ |language=ml}}</ref>

Vedan was later granted bail by the court. The court noted that treating physical intimacy as rape after the end of a relationship would be "illogical and harsh," and that there was no claim that the promise of marriage was false from the beginning.

In his bail plea, Vedan said that he and his team had earlier received threats of being framed in such cases. He alleged that the complaint was part of a plan to damage his reputation and extort money.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-08-27 |title=Vedan rape case: High Court grants bail to Malayalam rapper |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/vedan-rape-case-high-court-grants-bail-to-malayalam-rapper/article69982452.ece |access-date=2025-09-02 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

However, a subsequent police investigation led by the Thrikkakara Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP) found no evidence to support these conspiracy allegations.<ref>{{cite news |title=റാപ്പർ വേടനെതിരായ ലൈംഗികാരോപണത്തിൽ ഗൂഢാലോചനയില്ല; തെളിവുകളില്ലെന്ന് പൊലീസ് |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQfjrZCipXI |access-date=2026-02-26 |work=Reporter Live |date=2025-10-23 |language=ml}}</ref> The investigation, initiated following a complaint by the rapper's family to the Chief Minister, concluded that there was no external involvement or organized plot behind the sexual assault complaints filed by the women.<ref>{{cite news |title=റാപ്പർ വേടനെതിരായ ലൈംഗികാരോപണത്തിൽ ഗൂഢാലോചനയില്ല; തെളിവുകളില്ലെന്ന് പൊലീസ് |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQfjrZCipXI |access-date=2026-02-26 |work=Reporter Live |date=2025-10-23 |language=ml}}</ref>

In October 2025, the Thrikkakara police filed a formal charge sheet against the rapper in the Ernakulam Judicial First Class Magistrate Court. The charges were based on a complaint alleging sexual assault under the false promise of marriage between 2021 and 2023.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kerala police file charge sheet against rapper Vedan in rape case |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/crime/kerala-police-file-charge-sheet-against-rapper-vedan-rape-case-d7en5f90 |work=Mathrubhumi |date=2025-10-23 |access-date=2026-02-26}}</ref>

A testimony published in Keraleeyam Masika detailed allegations from another survivor regarding experiences of physical and sexual violence. The survivor alleged that after a disagreement concerning the rapper's portrayal of his mother, he responded with physical aggression. She claimed the resulting violence was so severe it left her with physical injuries and difficulty walking the next day. Furthermore, she alleged that he later described the incident to his peers as a display of dominance. The survivor also criticized his public apologies as strategic and insincere, claiming that he continued to engage in similar behavior toward other women.<ref>{{cite news |title=“എന്നോട് ചെയ്ത വയലൻസുകൾ ഏറ്റുപറഞ്ഞ് വേടൻ മാപ്പ് പറയണം” : അതിജീവിത |url=https://www.keraleeyammasika.com/vedan-rapper-me-too-movement-survivor-sexual-harassment-leopard-tooth-drug-case-arrest/ |work=Keraleeyam Masika |language=ml |date=2025-05-03 |access-date=2026-02-26}}</ref>

=== Drug activities and the possession of protected wildlife assets ===
On 28 April 2025, Vedan and eight others were arrested by the Kerala Excise Department for alleged possession of approximately six grams of [[Cannabis (drug)|cannabis]] at a flat in Kochi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Express News |date=2025-04-29 |title=Rapper Vedan, eight others arrested from Kochi flat for possession of cannabis |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2025/Apr/28/rapper-vedan-eight-others-arrested-from-kochi-flat-for-possession-of-cannabis |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> During a search of his residence, authorities discovered a tiger tooth pendant, which had been gifted to him by a Sri Lankan national he met through Instagram. Following this, the Kerala Forest and Wildlife Department took him into custody under provisions of the [[Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972|Wildlife Protection Act]].<ref>{{Cite web |title='Leopard tooth gifted by fan': Rapper Vedan arrested by Forest Department |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2025/04/29/tiger-tooth-gifted-by-fan-rapper-vedan-arrested-by-forest-department.html |access-date=2025-07-08 |website='Leopard tooth gifted by fan': Rapper Vedan arrested by Forest Department |language=en}}</ref>

After a case was registered against Vedan for alleged possession of a tiger tooth, a resident of [[Thrissur]] filed a separate complaint against actor and politician [[Suresh Gopi]], alleging that he was also in possession of a pendant featuring a [[leopard]] tooth. Possession of such items is considered a non-bailable offense under the Wildlife Protection Act. Vedan was later released on bail.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Why jail Vedan for leopard tooth pendant but not Suresh Gopi?': Man files complaint |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/why-jail-vedan-for-tiger-tooth-pendant-but-not-suresh-gopi-man-files-complaint-tue9qx3g |access-date=2025-05-03 |website=english.mathrubhumi.com|date=30 April 2025 }}</ref>

==Discography==
===Singles===
{|class="wikitable sortable."
!Year
!Title
!Co-Artist(s)
!Label
|-

| rowspan="2" |2020
|"Voice Of Voiceless."
|
|
|-
|"Bhoomi"
|
|
|-

|rowspan="2"|2021
|"Vaa"
|
|
|-
|"Budhanayi Pira"
|HRISHI
|
|-

| rowspan="3" |2023
|"Social Criminal"
| rowspan="2" |HRISHI
|
|-
|"Aana"
|
|-
|"La Vida"
|[[Kshmr|KSHMR]], [[Dabzee]]
|[[Mass Appeal India]] & [[Dharma Worldwide]]
|-
| rowspan="4" |2024
|"Theruvinte Mon"
|HRISHI
|Saina Music Indie
|-
|"Karma"
|Abhi
|Saina Music Indie
|-
|"Kadha"
|ABRAW
|[[Mass Appeal India]]
|-
|"Urangatte"
|HRISHI
|Saina Music Indie
|-
|2025
|"Muana Loa"
|AZWIN
|[[Mass Appeal India]]
|-

|}

===Film songs===
{| class="wikitable sortable."
|-
! Year
! Song title
! Film
! Composer
! Co-singer(s)
! Notes
!{{refh}}
|-

|2021
| "Narabali"
| ''[[Nayattu (2021 film)|Nayattu]]''
|[[Vishnu Vijay]]
|
| rowspan="8" | Lyricist, Singer
|<ref name=":10">{{cite news|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/malayalam-songs/narabali-video-song-from-nayattu-by-vedan/articleshow/82142799.cms|title='നായാട്ടി'ലെ വേടന്‍റെ 'നരബലി' പാട്ട്; 'നായാട്ടിന് നരബലിയിരനീ ഞാൻ' ശ്രദ്ധേയമാകുന്നു|work=Times of India Samayam
|access-date=19 April 2021|language=ml}}</ref>
|-

| rowspan="2" |2022
|"Maranathin Niram"
|''[[No Way Out (2022 film)|No Way Out]]''
|Hrishi
|
|
|-
|"Paanju Paanju"
|'' [[Padavettu]]''
|[[Govind Vasantha]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Padavettu {{!}} Song - Paanju Paanju |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/malayalam/padavettu-song-paanju-paanju/videoshow/94913693.cms |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" |2024
| "Kuthanthram"
| ''[[Manjummel Boys]]''
|[[Sushin Shyam]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manjummel Boys Kuthanthram song is a groovy, hip-hop number; here's why we dig it! |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/manjummel-boys-kuthanthram-song-is-a-groovy-hip-hop-number-heres-why-we-dig-it/2571db44ee457 |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|"Veeran"
|''Checkmate''
|Ratish Sekhar
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-13 |title=Watch: First Single Veeran From Anoop Menon's Checkmate Is A Jazzy, Powerful Rap Track |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/malayalam/first-single-veeran-from-anoop-menons-checkmate-is-a-jazzy-powerful-rap-track-article-111704348 |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|"Kondal Vedan Song"
|''[[Kondal]]''
|[[Sam C. S.]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=ലേഖകൻ |first=സ്വന്തം |date=2025-04-29 |title='വേടനെ പൊലീസ് പിടിച്ചപ്പോൾ, ആ ടൈമിൽ വന്നു കാണുന്ന ആരേലും ഉണ്ടോ'; വീണ്ടും ട്രെന്‍റിങ്ങായി Kondal Song |url=https://www.manoramanews.com/kerala/spotlight/2025/04/29/vedans-kondal-song-is-trending-again.html |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Manoramanews |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|"Kisses in the Clouds"
|''[[All We Imagine as Light]]''
|Topshe
|[[Haniya Nafisa]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tagat |first=Anurag |date=2024-12-24 |title='All We Imagine As Light' Composer Topshe Talks Scoring and Songs |url=https://rollingstoneindia.com/all-we-imagine-as-light-songs-topshe-interview/ |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=Rolling Stone India |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="3"|2025
|"Vaada Veda"
|''[[Narivetta]]''
|Tippushan, Shiyas Hassan
|[[Jakes Bejoy]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Narivetta song: Rapper Vedan is back with another striking track titled 'Vaada Veda' |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/narivetta-song-vedan-is-back-with-another-striking-track-titled-vaada-veda/7d23102c9e746 |access-date=2025-07-08 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|"Rekka Rekka"
|''[[Bison Kaalamaadan]]''
|[[Nivas K. Prasanna]]
|[[Arivu]]
|[[Tamil language|Tamil]] song
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arivu and Vedan join hands for 'Rekka Rekka' from Bison Kaalamaadan |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Sep/16/arivu-and-vedan-join-hands-for-rekka-rekka-from-bison-kaalamaadan |access-date=16 September 2025 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|"Bhootha Ganam"
|''[[Nellikkampoyil Night Riders]]''
|Yakzan Gary Pereira, Neha S Nair
|
|Also lyrics
|
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

== External links ==
*[https://open.spotify.com/artist/1Clwe5e4xyRasANUVlpcCf Vedan] on [[Spotify]]

[[Category:Indian rappers]]
[[Category:Rappers from Kerala]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1994 births]]
[[Category:21st-century rappers]]

Indru Pol Endrum Vaazhga

2026-03-04T04:48:18Z

Provastu6: corrected formatting based on references per sources

{{Short description|1977 film by K. Shankar}}
{{More plot|date=November 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Indru Pol Endrum Vaazhga.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[K. Shankar]]
| writer = [[K. Kalimuthu]]
| producer = V. D. L. Subbhaiya V. D. L. S. P. Lakshamanan
| starring = [[M. G. Ramachandran]] [[Radha Saluja]] [[Vennira Aadai Nirmala]]
| cinematography = T. V. Raja Ram
| editing = K. Shankar S. M. Sundharam
| music = [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| studio = Subbu Production
| released = {{film date|1977|5|5|df=y|ref1=}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Indru Pol Endrum Vaazhga''''' ({{translation|Live Forever Like Today}}) is a 1977 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language film, directed by [[K. Shankar]], starring [[M. G. Ramachandran]], [[Radha Saluja]] and [[Vennira Aadai Nirmala]]. It was released on 5 May 1977.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 April 2011 |title=எம்.ஜி.ஆர். நடித்த படங்களின் பட்டியல் |url=http://www.ithayakkani.com/jsp/Content/MGR_Cinema.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20181114041813/http://www.ithayakkani.com/jsp/Content/MGR_Cinema.jsp |archive-date=14 November 2018 |access-date=5 April 2021 |website=Ithayakkani |language=ta}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Murugan is a do-gooder who loves his village and the village loves him. Murugan's betrothed, Ganga, insults him and his village when they start talking about solemnising the marriage stating that she would marry only a educated, stylish, well-to-do man. Because he was insulted by his betrothed, Murugan vows to find a bride who is more stylish and better educated than her. He leaves for the city with the villager's blessings. There he meets Menaka who is the daughter of Pandari Bai and sister of Kumar. Unknown to Murugan, Kumar is the guy who Ganga was in love with and was cheated by him. He impresses Menaka with his simplicity, honesty and integrity. With the blessings of Guruviah, a man who lost his leg while saving Menaka when she was a child, he makes her see people matter more than money. They propose marriage as she falls in love but Kumar stands in the way. Kumar is exposed as Ganga's lover and when all insist on him marrying Ganga, he takes her at gun point and kidnaps her. He is finally subdued by Murugan who reforms him and gets them married as he marries Menaka.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[M. G. Ramachandran]] as Murugan
* [[Radha Saluja]] as Menaka
* [[Vennira Aadai Nirmala]] as Ganga, Kumar's lover
* [[Vijayakumar (Tamil actor)|Vijayakumar]] as Kumar
* [[M. N. Nambiar]] as Guruviah
* [[Thengai Srinivasan]] as "All in All" Arunachalam
* K. Kannan as Kanna, Kumar's manager
* [[V. Gopalakrishnan (actor)|V. Gopalakrishnan]] as Gobi
* [[S. V. Sahasranamam]] as Maya's father
* Trichy Soundararajan as K. P. Swamy (alias Kuppuswamy), Ganga's father
* [[Pandari Bai]] as Kumar and Menaka's mother
* [[Peeli Sivam]] as Villager
* [[S. N. Lakshmi]] as Maya's mother
* [[Karikol Raju]] as Villager
* [[Idichapuli Selvaraj]] as Kuppuswamy's secretary
* [[Samikkannu]] as Villager
* [[T. K. S. Natarajan]] as Housekeeper
}}

== Production ==
The film was launched at [[Sathya Studios]]. [[M. A. Muthiah Chettiar]] switched on the camera while L. Krishnan, chairman of [[Bank of Madura]] started the shoot.<ref>{{cite news |date=22 February 1976 |title=எம். ஜி. ஆர். நடிக்கும் "இன்று போல் என்றும் வாழ்க" |url=https://images.eap.bl.uk/EAP372/EAP372_6_22_4_60/4.jp2/full/1000,1466/0/default.jpg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251111170033/https://images.eap.bl.uk/EAP372/EAP372_6_22_4_60/4.jp2/full/1000,1466/0/default.jpg |archive-date=11 November 2025 |access-date=11 November 2025 |work=Navamani |pages=4 |language=ta |via=[[Endangered Archives Programme]]}}</ref> The dialogues for the film were written by former MLA [[K. Kalimuthu]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 November 2006 |title=Former Speaker dead |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/former-speaker-dead/article3045415.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128210754/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/former-speaker-dead/article3045415.ece |archive-date=28 November 2018 |access-date=17 February 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> This was [[Radha Saluja]]'s last film with [[M. G. Ramachandran]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sri Kantha |first=Sachi |author-link=Sachi Sri Kantha |date=27 December 2019 |title=MGR Remembered – Part 54 {{!}} An Overview of the Final 31 movies of 1970s |url=https://sangam.org/mgr-remembered-part-54/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031005730/https://sangam.org/mgr-remembered-part-54/ |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=5 April 2021 |website=[[Ilankai Tamil Sangam]]}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack was composed by [[M. S. Viswanathan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indrupol Endrum Vaazhga ( 1977 ) |url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/album/T0001336.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120908000109/http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/album/T0001336.html |archive-date=8 September 2012 |access-date=8 March 2012 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref> The songs "Anbukku Naan Adimai" and "Idhu Nattai Kaakum" were well received and, extensively promoted by Ramachandran during his election campaigns.<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 March 2008 |title=Evergreen and universal appeal |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/Evergreen-and-universal-appeal/article15376009.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509174135/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/Evergreen-and-universal-appeal/article15376009.ece |archive-date=9 May 2021 |access-date=17 February 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> An article in ''[[The Washington Post]]'' noted that both songs were instrumental in the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]'s victory in the [[1977 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kolappan |first=B. |date=29 March 2014 |title=Hit songs that won polls for AIADMK |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/hit-songs-that-won-polls-for-aiadmk/article5845441.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413144141/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/hit-songs-that-won-polls-for-aiadmk/article5845441.ece |archive-date=13 April 2021 |access-date=17 February 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

{{track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Ithu Nattai Kaakkum Kai
| extra1 = [[T. M. Soundararajan]]
| lyrics1 = [[Muthulingam (poet)|Muthulingam]]
| length1 = 4:03
| title2 = Pudhumai Pengal
| extra2 = [[Vani Jairam]]
| lyrics2 = [[Pulamaipithan]]
| length2 = 5:36
| title3 = Welcome Hero
| extra3 = T. M. Soundararajan, [[P. Susheela]] & Sasirekha
| lyrics3 = [[Na. Kamarasan]]
| length3 = 5:51
| title4 = Anbukku Naan Adimai
| extra4 = [[K. J. Yesudas]]
| lyrics4 = Muthulingam
| length4 = 4:44
| title5 = Idhayathil Irundhu
| extra5 = T. M. Soundararajan & [[P. Susheela]]
| lyrics5 = Pulamaipithan
| length5 = 4:39
| title6 = En Yoga Jaathagam
| extra6 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] & Vani Jairam
| lyrics6 = [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]]
| length6 = 5:52
| total_length = 30:45 
}}

== Critical reception ==
Kanthan of ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' appreciated the photography, direction and music, but criticised the title's lack of relevance to the story.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=காந்தன் |date=12 June 1977 |title=இன்று போல் என்றும் வாழ்க |url=https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1977/jun/12-06-1977/p63.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220728070839/https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1977/jun/12-06-1977/p63.jpg |archive-date=28 July 2022 |access-date=4 January 2022 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=63 |language=ta}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}

{{K. Shankar}}

[[Category:1977 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1977 films]]
[[Category:1977 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. Shankar]]
[[Category:Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

89th Academy Awards

2026-02-25T18:11:51Z

Provastu6: minor edit

{{Oscars short description|films-year=2016}}
{{Featured list}}
{{Use American English|date=June 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates |date=February 2017}}
{{Infobox film awards
| number = 89
| award = Academy Awards
| image = 2017 Oscars poster.jpg
| caption = Official poster
| date = February 26, 2017
| site = [[Dolby Theatre]] [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]], [[Los Angeles]], California, U.S.
| host = [[Jimmy Kimmel]]
| preshow = {{plain list|
* Jess Cagle
* [[Robin Roberts (newscaster)|Robin Roberts]]
* [[Lara Spencer]]
* [[Michael Strahan]]
* [[Nina García]]
* Krista Smith
}}
| director = [[Glenn Weiss]]
| producer = {{plainlist|
* [[Michael De Luca]]
* [[Jennifer Todd]]
}}
| best_picture = ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]''
|most_wins = ''[[La La Land]]'' (6)
| network = [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]
| most_nominations = ''La La Land'' (14)
| duration = 3 hours, 49 minutes
| ratings = 33.0 million<ref name="Ratings">{{cite news |last=Schwartz |first=Oriana |title=Oscar Ratings Dip Again Amid 'Moonlight,' 'La La Land' Best Picture Mix-Up |url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/oscar-ratings-drop-la-la-land-moonlight-1201997709/ |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=February 27, 2017 |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227170852/http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/oscar-ratings-drop-la-la-land-moonlight-1201997709/ |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref> 22.4% ([[Nielsen ratings]])<ref name="Ratings" />
| last = 88th
| next = 90th
}}

The '''89th Academy Awards''' ceremony, presented by the [[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] (AMPAS), honored the best [[2016 in film|films of 2016]], and took place on February 26, 2017, at the [[Dolby Theatre]] in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles]], California, at 5:30 p.m. PST. During the ceremony, AMPAS presented [[Academy Awards]] (commonly referred to as Oscars) in 24 categories. The ceremony, televised in the United States by [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], was produced by [[Michael De Luca]] and [[Jennifer Todd]] and directed by [[Glenn Weiss]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Oscar 2017: Michael De Luca and Jennifer Todd confirmed to produce 89th Oscars |url=http://oscar.go.com/news/oscar-news/michael-de-luca-and-jennifer-todd-to-produce-the-89th-oscars |publisher=[[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] |date=November 4, 2016 |access-date=November 5, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161106061409/http://oscar.go.com/news/oscar-news/michael-de-luca-and-jennifer-todd-to-produce-the-89th-oscars |archive-date=November 6, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Glenn Weiss to Direct Oscar Ceremony for Second Consecutive Year |url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/oscars-2017-director-glenn-weiss-1201981531/ |work=Variety |first=Maane |last=Khatchatourian |date=February 8, 2017 |access-date=February 14, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214180636/http://variety.com/2017/tv/news/oscars-2017-director-glenn-weiss-1201981531/ |archive-date=February 14, 2017}}</ref> Comedian [[Jimmy Kimmel]] hosted the ceremony for the first time.<ref>{{cite web |title=Oscars: Jimmy Kimmel to Host This Year's Ceremony (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/oscars-jimmy-kimmel-host-years-ceremony-952662 |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |first=Gregg |last=Kilday |date=December 5, 2016 |access-date=February 14, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214182948/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/oscars-jimmy-kimmel-host-years-ceremony-952662 |archive-date=February 14, 2017}}</ref>

In related events, the academy held its 8th Annual [[Governors Awards]] ceremony at the Grand Ballroom of the [[Hollywood and Highland Center]] on November 12, 2016.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jackie Chan, Anne V. Coates, Lynn Stalmaster and Frederick Wisemen to receive Academy's 2016 Governs Awards |url=http://www.oscars.org/news/jackie-chan-anne-v-coates-lynn-stalmaster-and-frederick-wiseman-receive-academys-2016-Governors |first=Micheline |last=Goldstein |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |date=September 1, 2016 |access-date=September 17, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914191832/http://oscars.org/news/jackie-chan-anne-v-coates-lynn-stalmaster-and-frederick-wiseman-receive-academys-2016-governors |archive-date=September 14, 2016}}</ref> On November 25, 2016, the AMPAS announced that no anime shorts would be considered for this year's ceremony.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/daily-briefs/2016-11-25/no-anime-in-consideration-for-this-year-animated-short-oscar/.109180|title= No Anime in Consideration for This Year's Animated Short Oscar|date= November 25, 2016|access-date= November 29, 2020|work= [[Anime News Network]]|archive-date= December 9, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201209053215/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/daily-briefs/2016-11-25/no-anime-in-consideration-for-this-year-animated-short-oscar/.109180|url-status= live}}</ref> On February 11, 2017, in a ceremony at the [[Beverly Wilshire Hotel]] in Beverly Hills, California,<ref>{{cite news |title=The jokes, the scene (oh, and the winners) at the film academy's Scientific and Technical Awards |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |first=Josh |last=Rottenberg |date=February 12, 2017 |access-date=February 20, 2017 |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-oscars-sci-tech-awards-2017-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220050514/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-oscars-sci-tech-awards-2017-story.html |archive-date=February 20, 2017}}</ref> the [[Academy Scientific and Technical Award]]s were presented by hosts [[John Cho]] and [[Leslie Mann]].<ref>{{cite news |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2017/02/12/john-cho-leslie-mann-pay-respect-films-great-brains-sci-tech-awards/97823144/ |title=John Cho, Leslie Mann pay respect to film's great brains at Sci-Tech Awards |date=February 12, 2017 |access-date=February 20, 2017 |first=Bryan |last=Alexander |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221113331/http://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2017/02/12/john-cho-leslie-mann-pay-respect-films-great-brains-sci-tech-awards/97823144/ |archive-date=February 21, 2017}}</ref>

In the main ceremony, ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]'' won three awards including [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]—after ''[[La La Land]]'' was mistakenly announced as the winner<ref name="France">{{cite news |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/26/entertainment/oscars-2017/index.html |title=Oscars 2017: 'Moonlight' wins Best Picture after some confusion |last=France |first=Lisa Respers |date=February 26, 2017 |access-date=February 26, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227022702/http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/26/entertainment/oscars-2017/index.html |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>—as well as [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]] for [[Mahershala Ali]]. ''La La Land'' won six awards, the most for the evening, out of its record-tying 14 nominations, including [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] for [[Emma Stone]] and [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]] for [[Damien Chazelle]]. ''[[Hacksaw Ridge]]'' and ''[[Manchester by the Sea (film)|Manchester by the Sea]]'' won two awards each with [[Casey Affleck]] winning [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] for the latter. [[Viola Davis]] won the [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] honor for ''[[Fences (film)|Fences]]''. The telecast was viewed by 33 million people in the United States.<ref name="Oscar ratings">{{cite web |last1=Baysinger |first1=Tim |title=Oscars draw lowest U.S. audience since 2008 with 33 million viewers |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-awards-oscars-ratings-idUSKBN1661QH |publisher=[[Reuters]] |access-date=February 28, 2017 |date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227225516/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-awards-oscars-ratings-idUSKBN1661QH |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>

==Winners and nominees==


The nominees for the 89th Academy Awards were announced on January 24, 2017, via global live stream from the academy.<ref>{{cite web |first=Patrick |last=Hipes |title=Oscar Nominations:'La La Land' Ties Record With 14 Nominations; 'Arrival' & 'Moonlight' Snag 8 Apiece |url=https://deadline.com/2017/01/oscar-nominations-2017-academy-award-nominees-1201893000/ |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |date=January 24, 2017 |access-date=February 21, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220104835/http://deadline.com/2017/01/oscar-nominations-2017-academy-award-nominees-1201893000/ |archive-date=February 20, 2017}}</ref> ''[[La La Land]]'' received the most nominations with a record-tying fourteen (1950's ''[[All About Eve]]'' and 1997's ''[[Titanic (1997 film)|Titanic]]'' also achieved this distinction);<ref name="LALALANDnomination">{{cite web |title=La La Land equals record for most Oscar nominations |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/jan/24/la-la-land-equals-record-for-most-oscar-nominations |first=Catherine |last=Shoard |work=[[The Guardian]] |location=London |date=January 24, 2017 |access-date=January 24, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307144255/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/jan/24/la-la-land-equals-record-for-most-oscar-nominations |archive-date=March 7, 2017}}</ref> ''[[Arrival (film)|Arrival]]'' and ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]'' came in second with eight apiece.<ref>{{cite news |title=La La Land, Moonlight land top Oscar nominations La La Land matches Titanic, All About Eve for most nominations |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.torontosun.com/2017/01/24/la-la-land-moonlight-and-arrival-land-top-oscar-nominations |newspaper=[[Toronto Sun]] |date=January 24, 2017 |access-date=January 24, 2017 |archive-date=October 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011223018/http://www.torontosun.com/2017/01/24/la-la-land-moonlight-and-arrival-land-top-oscar-nominations |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The 2017 Academy Award nominations: 'La La Land' ties Oscars record with 14 nominations |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-oscar-nominations-2017-live-updates-academy-awards-20170124-htmlstory.html |work=Los Angeles Times |date=January 24, 2017 |access-date=January 24, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124185351/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-oscar-nominations-2017-live-updates-academy-awards-20170124-htmlstory.html |archive-date=January 24, 2017}}</ref> ''La La Land''{{'}}s Best Picture loss to ''Moonlight'' meant it set a record for most nominations without winning Best Picture.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.goldderby.com/article/2017/la-la-land-wins-most-oscars-but-loses-best-picture-cabaret-news-135790864/ |title='La La Land' wins most Oscars but loses Best Picture just like 'Cabaret' did in 1972 |last=Kare |first=Jeffrey |date=2017-02-27 |work=[[Gold Derby]] |access-date=April 15, 2018 |language=en-US |archive-date=April 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180415125026/http://www.goldderby.com/article/2017/la-la-land-wins-most-oscars-but-loses-best-picture-cabaret-news-135790864/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Four of the five nominations for [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Best Original Score]] were by first-time nominees, the highest figure since [[39th Academy Awards|1967]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Burlingame |first=Jon |date=9 February 2017 |title=Oscar Score Contenders Provide an Infusion of New Blood |work=Variety |url=https://variety.com/2017/film/features/oscar-original-score-nominees-1201982060/ |access-date=25 May 2022 |archive-date=May 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525102252/https://variety.com/2017/film/features/oscar-original-score-nominees-1201982060/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on February 26, 2017.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/movies/ct-oscars-2017-winners-list-20170226-story.html |title=Oscars 2017: Complete list of winners |agency=Associated Press |work=[[Chicago Tribune]] |date=February 26, 2017 |access-date=April 4, 2018|language=en-US |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311101414/http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/movies/ct-oscars-2017-winners-list-20170226-story.html|archive-date=March 11, 2018}}</ref> ''Moonlight'' became the first film with an all-black cast and the first [[LGBT]]-themed film to win Best Picture.<ref name="theguardian1">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2017/feb/27/dont-let-that-oscars-blunder-overshadow-moonlights-monumental-achievement |title=Don't let that Oscars blunder overshadow Moonlight's monumental achievement |last=Rose |first=Steve |work=The Guardian |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228090757/https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2017/feb/27/dont-let-that-oscars-blunder-overshadow-moonlights-monumental-achievement|archive-date=February 28, 2017}}</ref><ref name="france1">{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/27/entertainment/moonlight-oscars-win/index.html |title=Oscar mistake overshadows historic moment for 'Moonlight' |last=France |first=Lisa Respers |date=February 28, 2017 |website=CNN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301035813/http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/27/entertainment/moonlight-oscars-win/index.html|archive-date=March 1, 2017 |url-status=live |access-date=March 1, 2017}}</ref> In an event unprecedented in the history of the Oscars, ''La La Land'' was incorrectly announced as the Best Picture, and, a few minutes later, the error was corrected and ''Moonlight'' was declared the winner.<ref name="DonnellyOscar">{{cite news |last1=Donnelly |first1=Jim |title=Moonlight Wins Best Picture After 2017, Oscars Envelope Mishap |url=http://oscar.go.com/news/winners/after-oscars-2017-mishap-moonlight-wins-best-picture |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |date=February 26, 2017 |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227232035/http://oscar.go.com/news/winners/after-oscars-2017-mishap-moonlight-wins-best-picture |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref> ''[[O.J.: Made in America]]'', at 467 minutes, became the longest film to win an Academy Award, surpassing the 431-minute long ''[[War and Peace (film series)|War and Peace]],'' which won the [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film]] in [[41st Academy Awards|1969]].<ref>{{cite web |title='O.J.: Made in America' is now the longest film to ever win an Oscar |last1=Roy |first1=Jessica |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-oscars-2017-89th-academy-awards-o-j-made-in-america-is-now-the-1488162045-htmlstory.html |work=Los Angeles Times |date=February 27, 2017 |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227035306/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-oscars-2017-89th-academy-awards-o-j-made-in-america-is-now-the-1488162045-htmlstory.html |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref> Following the five-part documentary's win, new academy rules barred any "multi-part or limited series" from being eligible for documentary categories.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://variety.com/2017/film/news/oscars-new-rules-documentary-oj-made-in-america-barred-1202026406/ |title=Oscars: New Rules Bar Multi-Part Documentaries Like 'O.J.: Made in America' |last1=McNary |first1=Dave |author-link1=Dave McNary |date=April 7, 2017 |work=Variety |access-date=December 6, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=April 15, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415012418/http://variety.com/2017/film/news/oscars-new-rules-documentary-oj-made-in-america-barred-1202026406/ |url-status=live }}</ref> With [[Casey Affleck]] winning the Oscar for Best Actor, he and his older brother, [[Ben Affleck]], became the 16th pair of siblings to win Academy Awards.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/casey-affleck-ben-affleck-more-oscar-winning-siblings-965775 |title=Oscars: Ben and Casey Affleck Among 16 Pairs of Oscar-Winning Siblings |last1=Howard |first1=Annie |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=January 24, 2017 |access-date=April 15, 2018 |language=en |archive-date=April 1, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401204120/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/casey-affleck-ben-affleck-more-oscar-winning-siblings-965775 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Mahershala Ali]] became the first [[Ahmadiyya Muslim|Muslim]] actor to win an Oscar.<ref name=":0">{{cite news |last1=Crum |first1=Maddie |title=Mahershala Ali Becomes The First Muslim Actor To Win An Oscar |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/mahershala-ali-becomes-the-first-muslim-actor-to-win-an-oscar_us_58b3866fe4b060480e0905d3 |access-date=February 27, 2017 |work=[[The Huffington Post]] |date=February 26, 2017 |archive-date=February 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227045534/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/mahershala-ali-becomes-the-first-muslim-actor-to-win-an-oscar_us_58b3866fe4b060480e0905d3 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Viola Davis]] became the first black person to achieve the [[Triple Crown of Acting]] with her Oscar, Emmy, and Tony wins.<ref>{{cite web|author=Lisa Ryan |url=https://nymag.com/thecut/2017/02/viola-davis-first-black-actor-to-win-oscar-emmy-and-tony.html |title=Viola Davis, First Black Actor to Win Oscar, Emmy, and Tony |work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]] |date=February 27, 2017 |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228083503/http://nymag.com/thecut/2017/02/viola-davis-first-black-actor-to-win-oscar-emmy-and-tony.html|archive-date=February 28, 2017}}</ref>

At the age of thirty-two years and thirty-eight days, [[Damien Chazelle]] became the youngest person to win Best Director; [[Norman Taurog]] was only two hundred and twenty-two days older than Chazelle when he won Best Director for the 1931 comedy ''[[Skippy (film)|Skippy]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/feb/27/damien-chazelle-wins-best-director-oscar-la-la-land-academy-awards-2017 |title=Damien Chazelle wins best director Oscar for La La Land |last1=Pulver |first1=Andrew |date=February 27, 2017 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en |access-date=April 15, 2018 |archive-date=April 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418190824/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/feb/27/damien-chazelle-wins-best-director-oscar-la-la-land-academy-awards-2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-oscars-2017-director-winner-20170226-story.html |title=Damien Chazelle becomes youngest-ever winner of director Oscar for 'La La Land' |last1=Olsen |first1=Mark |work=Los Angeles Times |date=February 27, 2017 |access-date=April 15, 2018 |archive-date=April 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180415190250/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-oscars-2017-director-winner-20170226-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.vulture.com/2017/02/damien-chazelle-just-won-an-oscar-for-la-la-land-now-what.html |title=So, Damien Chazelle, You Just Won Best Director in Your 30s — Now What? |last=Lincoln |first=Kevin |date=February 27, 2017 |work=Vulture |access-date=June 17, 2018|language=en |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180214100702/http://www.vulture.com/2017/02/damien-chazelle-just-won-an-oscar-for-la-la-land-now-what.html|archive-date=February 14, 2018}}</ref>

[[Kevin O'Connell (sound mixer)|Kevin O'Connell]] finally ended the longest losing streak in Oscar history after 20 unsuccessful nominations for sound mixing, winning for ''[[Hacksaw Ridge]]''.<ref name=yahoomovies>{{cite web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/movies/kevin-oconnell-oscars-biggest-loser-finally-wins-on-21st-try-033208298.html |title=Kevin O'Connell, Oscar's Biggest Loser, Finally Wins on 21st Try |publisher=[[Yahoo! Movies]] |date=February 26, 2017 |access-date=February 27, 2017|archive-date=February 27, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227145714/https://www.yahoo.com/movies/kevin-oconnell-oscars-biggest-loser-finally-wins-on-21st-try-033208298.html |url-status=live}}</ref> ''Moonlight''{{'}}s [[Dede Gardner]] became the first woman to win twice for producing, following her previous Best Picture win for ''[[12 Years a Slave (film)|12 Years a Slave]]''.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thewrap.com/dede-gardner-first-female-producer-2-best-picture-oscars/ |title=With 'Moonlight' Win, Dede Gardner Becomes First Female Producer With 2 Best Picture Oscars |last1=Ge |first1=Linda |date=February 26, 2017 |work=[[TheWrap]] |access-date=April 15, 2018|language=en-US |url-status=live| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180415190527/https://www.thewrap.com/dede-gardner-first-female-producer-2-best-picture-oscars/|archive-date=April 15, 2018}}</ref>

=== Awards ===
[[File:Damien Chazelle (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Damien Chazelle]], Best Director winner|alt=Photo of Damien Chazelle in 2014.]]
[[File:Casey Affleck at the Manchester by the Sea premiere (30199719155) (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Casey Affleck]], Best Actor winner|alt=Photo of Casey Affleck in 2016.]]
[[File:Emma Stone at the 2024 New York Film Festival 2 (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Emma Stone]], Best Actress winner|alt=Photo of Emma Stone in 2024.]]
[[File:Mahershala Ali by Gage Skidmore (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Mahershala Ali]], Best Supporting Actor winner|alt=Photo of Mahershala Ali in 2019.]]
[[File:Viola Davis (28601043285) (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Viola Davis]], Best Supporting Actress winner|alt=Photo of Viola Davis in 2016.]]
[[File:Kenneth Lonergan Viennale 2016 opening 4 (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Kenneth Lonergan]], Best Original Screenplay winner|alt=Photos of Kenneth Lonergan in 2016.]]
[[File:Barry Jenkins (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Barry Jenkins]], Best Adapted Screenplay co-winner|alt=Photo of Barry Jenkins in 2009.]]
[[File:Asghar Farhadi in 2018-2 (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Asghar Farhadi]], Best Foreign Language Film winner|alt=Photo of Asghar Farhadi in 2018.]]
[[File:Joanna Natasegara 01.jpg|right|thumb|150px|[[Joanna Natasegara]], Best Documentary Short Subject co-winner|alt=Photo of Joanna Natasegara in 2017.]]

Winners are listed first, highlighted in '''boldface''', and indicated with a double dagger ({{double-dagger}}).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2017 |title=The 89th Academy Awards (2017) Nominees and Winners |access-date=February 26, 2017 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227001154/http://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2017|archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>

{| class=wikitable
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]}}
* '''''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]'' – [[Adele Romanski]], [[Dede Gardner]] and [[Jeremy Kleiner]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Arrival (film)|Arrival]]'' – [[Shawn Levy]], [[Dan Levine]], [[Aaron Ryder]] and [[David Linde]]
** ''[[Fences (film)|Fences]]'' – [[Scott Rudin]], [[Denzel Washington]] and [[Todd Black]]
** ''[[Hacksaw Ridge]]'' – [[Bill Mechanic]] and [[David Permut]]
** ''[[Hell or High Water (film)|Hell or High Water]]'' – [[Carla Hacken]] and [[Julie Yorn]]
** ''[[Hidden Figures]]'' – [[Donna Gigliotti]], [[Peter Chernin]], [[Jenno Topping]], [[Pharrell Williams]] and [[Theodore Melfi]]
** ''[[La La Land]]'' – [[Fred Berger (producer)|Fred Berger]], [[Jordan Horowitz]] and [[Marc Platt (producer)|Marc Platt]]
** ''[[Lion (2016 film)|Lion]]'' – [[Emile Sherman]], [[Iain Canning]] and [[Angie Fielder]]
** ''[[Manchester by the Sea (film)|Manchester by the Sea]]'' – [[Matt Damon]], [[Kimberly Steward]], [[Chris Moore (film producer)|Chris Moore]], [[Lauren Beck]] and [[Kevin J. Walsh]]
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Directing]]}}
* '''[[Damien Chazelle]] – ''[[La La Land]]'''''{{double-dagger}}
** [[Denis Villeneuve]] – ''[[Arrival (film)|Arrival]]''
** [[Mel Gibson]] – ''[[Hacksaw Ridge]]''
** [[Kenneth Lonergan]] – ''[[Manchester by the Sea (film)|Manchester by the Sea]]''
** [[Barry Jenkins]] – ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]''
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor in a Leading Role]]}}
* '''[[Casey Affleck]] – ''[[Manchester by the Sea (film)|Manchester by the Sea]]'' as Lee Chandler'''{{double-dagger}}
** [[Andrew Garfield]] – ''[[Hacksaw Ridge]]'' as [[Desmond Doss]]
** [[Ryan Gosling]] – ''[[La La Land]]'' as Sebastian "Seb" Wilder
** [[Viggo Mortensen]] – ''[[Captain Fantastic (film)|Captain Fantastic]]'' as Ben Cash
** [[Denzel Washington]] – ''[[Fences (film)|Fences]]'' as Troy Maxson
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress in a Leading Role]]}}
* '''[[Emma Stone]] – ''[[La La Land]]'' as Amelia "Mia" Dolan'''{{double-dagger}}
** [[Isabelle Huppert]] – ''[[Elle (film)|Elle]]'' as Michèle Leblanc
** [[Ruth Negga]] – ''[[Loving (2016 film)|Loving]]'' as [[Mildred and Richard Loving|Mildred Loving]]
** [[Natalie Portman]] – ''[[Jackie (2016 film)|Jackie]]'' as [[Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis|Jacqueline "Jackie" Kennedy]]
** [[Meryl Streep]] – ''[[Florence Foster Jenkins (film)|Florence Foster Jenkins]]'' as [[Florence Foster Jenkins]]
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Actor in a Supporting Role]]}}
* '''[[Mahershala Ali]] – ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]'' as Juan'''{{double-dagger}}
** [[Jeff Bridges]] – ''[[Hell or High Water (film)|Hell or High Water]]'' as Marcus Hamilton
** [[Lucas Hedges]] – ''[[Manchester by the Sea (film)|Manchester by the Sea]]'' as Patrick Chandler
** [[Dev Patel]] – ''[[Lion (2016 film)|Lion]]'' as [[Saroo Brierley]]
** [[Michael Shannon]] – ''[[Nocturnal Animals]]'' as Detective Bobby Andes
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Actress in a Supporting Role]]}}
* '''[[Viola Davis]] – ''[[Fences (film)|Fences]]'' as Rose Maxson'''{{double-dagger}}
** [[Naomie Harris]] – ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]'' as Paula
** [[Nicole Kidman]] – ''[[Lion (2016 film)|Lion]]'' as Sue Brierley
** [[Octavia Spencer]] – ''[[Hidden Figures]]'' as [[Dorothy Vaughan]]
** [[Michelle Williams (actress)|Michelle Williams]] – ''[[Manchester by the Sea (film)|Manchester by the Sea]]'' as Randi Chandler
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay|Best Writing (Original Screenplay)]]}}
* '''''[[Manchester by the Sea (film)|Manchester by the Sea]]'' – [[Kenneth Lonergan]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[20th Century Women]]'' – [[Mike Mills (director)|Mike Mills]]
** ''[[Hell or High Water (film)|Hell or High Water]]'' – [[Taylor Sheridan]]
** ''[[La La Land]]'' – [[Damien Chazelle]]
** ''[[The Lobster]]'' – [[Yorgos Lanthimos]] and [[Efthymis Filippou|Efthimis Filippou]]
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay|Best Writing (Adapted Screenplay)]]}}
* '''''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]'' – [[Barry Jenkins]]; Story by [[Tarell Alvin McCraney]]; based on the play ''In Moonlight Black Boys Look Blue'' by Tarell Alvin McCraney{{double-dagger}}'''
** ''[[Arrival (film)|Arrival]]'' – [[Eric Heisserer]]; based on the short story "[[Story of Your Life]]" written by [[Ted Chiang]]
** ''[[Fences (film)|Fences]]'' – [[August Wilson]] (posthumous nomination); based on [[Fences (play)|his play]]
** ''[[Hidden Figures]]'' – [[Allison Schroeder]] and [[Theodore Melfi]]; based on [[Hidden Figures (book)|the book]] by [[Margot Lee Shetterly]]
** ''[[Lion (2016 film)|Lion]]'' – [[Luke Davies]]; based on the book ''[[A Long Way Home (book)|A Long Way Home]]'' by [[Saroo Brierley]]
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Animated Feature|Best Animated Feature Film]]}}
* '''''[[Zootopia]]'' – [[Byron Howard]], [[Rich Moore]] and [[Clark Spencer]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Kubo and the Two Strings]]'' – [[Travis Knight]] and [[Arianne Sutner]]
** ''[[Moana (2016 film)|Moana]]'' – [[John Musker]], [[Ron Clements]] and [[Osnat Shurer]]
** ''[[My Life as a Courgette|My Life as a Zucchini]]'' – [[Claude Barras]] and [[Max Karli]]
** ''[[The Red Turtle]]'' – [[Michaël Dudok de Wit]] and [[Toshio Suzuki (producer)|Toshio Suzuki]]
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Best Foreign Language Film]]}}
* '''''[[The Salesman (2016 film)|The Salesman]]'' ([[List of Iranian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Iran]]) in [[Persian language|Persian]] – Directed by [[Asghar Farhadi]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Land of Mine]]'' ([[List of Danish submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Denmark]]) in [[Danish language|Danish]] – Directed by [[Martin Zandvliet]]
** ''[[A Man Called Ove (film)|A Man Called Ove]]'' ([[List of Swedish submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Sweden]]) in [[Swedish language|Swedish]] – Directed by [[Hannes Holm]]
** ''[[Tanna (film)|Tanna]]'' ([[List of Australian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Australia]]) in [[Nauvhal]] – Directed by [[Martin Butler (director)|Martin Butler]] and [[Bentley Dean]]
** ''[[Toni Erdmann]]'' ([[List of German submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Germany]]) in [[German language|German]] – Directed by [[Maren Ade]]
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature|Best Documentary (Feature)]]}}
* '''''[[O.J.: Made in America]]'' – [[Ezra Edelman]] and [[Caroline Waterlow]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[13th (film)|13th]]'' – [[Ava DuVernay]], [[Spencer Averick]] and [[Howard Barish]]
** ''[[Fire at Sea]]'' – [[Gianfranco Rosi]] and [[Donatella Palermo]]
** ''[[I Am Not Your Negro]]'' – [[Raoul Peck]], Rémi Grellety and [[Hébert Peck]]
** ''[[Life, Animated]]'' – [[Roger Ross Williams]] and [[Julie Goldman (producer)|Julie Goldman]]
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject)|Best Documentary (Short Subject)]]}}
* '''''[[The White Helmets (film)|The White Helmets]]'' – [[Orlando von Einsiedel]] and [[Joanna Natasegara]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[4.1 Miles]]'' – [[Daphne Matziaraki]]
** ''[[Extremis (film)|Extremis]]'' – [[Dan Krauss]]
** ''[[Joe's Violin]]'' – [[Kahane Cooperman]] and [[Raphaela Neihausen]]
** ''[[Watani: My Homeland]]'' – [[Marcel Mettelsiefen]] and [[Stephen Ellis (film editor)|Stephen Ellis]]
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film|Best Short Film (Live Action)]]}}
* '''''[[Sing (2016 Hungarian film)|Sing]]'' – [[Kristóf Deák]] and [[Anna Udvardy]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Ennemis intérieurs]]'' – [[Sélim Azzazi]]
** ''[[La femme et le TGV]]'' – [[Timo von Gunten]] and [[Giacun Caduff]]
** ''[[Silent Nights (film)|Silent Nights]]'' – [[Aske Bang]] and [[Kim Magnusson]]
** ''[[Timecode (2016 film)|Timecode]]'' – [[Juanjo Giménez]]
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film|Best Short Film (Animated)]]}}
* '''''[[Piper (film)|Piper]]'' – [[Alan Barillaro]] and [[Marc Sondheimer]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Blind Vaysha]]'' – [[Theodore Ushev]]
** ''[[Borrowed Time (film)|Borrowed Time]]'' – [[Andrew Coats (director)|Andrew Coats]] and [[Lou Hamou-Lhadj]]
** ''[[Pear Cider and Cigarettes]]'' – [[Robert Valley]] and [[Cara Speller]]
** ''[[Pearl (2016 film)|Pearl]]'' – [[Patrick Osborne (animator)|Patrick Osborne]]
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Best Music (Original Score)]]}}
* '''''[[La La Land]]'' – [[Justin Hurwitz]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Jackie (2016 film)|Jackie]]'' – [[Micachu|Mica Levi]]
** ''[[Lion (2016 film)|Lion]]'' – [[Dustin O'Halloran]] and [[Hauschka]]
** ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]'' – [[Nicholas Britell]]
** ''[[Passengers (2016 film)|Passengers]]'' – [[Thomas Newman]]
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Best Music (Original Song)]]}}
* '''"[[City of Stars]]" from ''[[La La Land]]'' – Music by [[Justin Hurwitz]]; Lyrics by [[Pasek and Paul|Benj Pasek]] and [[Pasek and Paul|Justin Paul]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** "[[Audition (The Fools Who Dream)]]" from ''[[La La Land]]'' – Music by [[Justin Hurwitz]]; Lyrics by [[Pasek and Paul|Benj Pasek]] and [[Pasek and Paul|Justin Paul]]
** "[[Can't Stop the Feeling!]]" from ''[[Trolls (film)|Trolls]]'' – Music and Lyrics by [[Justin Timberlake]], [[Max Martin]] and [[Shellback (record producer)|Karl Johan Schuster]]
** "[[The Empty Chair (song)|The Empty Chair]]" from ''[[Jim: The James Foley Story]]'' – Music and Lyrics by [[J. Ralph]] and [[Sting (musician)|Sting]]
** "[[How Far I'll Go]]" from ''[[Moana (2016 film)|Moana]]'' – Music and Lyrics by [[Lin-Manuel Miranda]]
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Sound Editing|Best Sound Editing]]}}
* '''''[[Arrival (film)|Arrival]]'' – [[Sylvain Bellemare]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Deepwater Horizon (film)|Deepwater Horizon]]'' – [[Wylie Stateman]] and [[Renée Tondelli]]
** ''[[Hacksaw Ridge]]'' – [[Robert Mackenzie (sound engineer)|Robert Mackenzie]] and [[Andy Wright (sound engineer)|Andy Wright]]
** ''[[La La Land]]'' – [[Ai-Ling Lee]] and [[Mildred Iatrou Morgan]]
** ''[[Sully (film)|Sully]]'' – [[Alan Robert Murray]] and [[Bub Asman]]
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Sound Mixing|Best Sound Mixing]]}}
* '''''[[Hacksaw Ridge]]'' – [[Kevin O'Connell (sound mixer)|Kevin O'Connell]], [[Andy Wright (sound engineer)|Andy Wright]], [[Robert Mackenzie (sound engineer)|Robert Mackenzie]] and [[Peter Grace (sound engineer)|Peter Grace]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi]]'' – <s>[[Greg P. Russell]]</s>,{{refn|name=nomination revoked|AMPAS revoked Russell's nomination after discovering that he had contacted voters for the award by telephone in violation of campaigning regulations.<ref name=russellnomination/>|group=N}}<ref name=russellnomination>{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/academy-rescinds-oscar-nomination-violation-campaign-rules-979979 |title=Academy Rescinds Oscar Nomination for Violation of Campaign Rules |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=February 25, 2017 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170226013949/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/academy-rescinds-oscar-nomination-violation-campaign-rules-979979 |archive-date=February 26, 2017}}</ref> [[Gary Summers]], [[Jeffrey J. Haboush]] and [[Mac Ruth]]
** ''[[Arrival (film)|Arrival]]'' – [[Bernard Gariépy Strobl]] and [[Claude La Haye]]
** ''[[La La Land]]'' – [[Andy Nelson (sound engineer)|Andy Nelson]], [[Ai-Ling Lee]] and [[Steven A. Morrow]]
** ''[[Rogue One|Rogue One: A Star Wars Story]]'' – [[Christopher Scarabosio]], [[David Parker (sound engineer)|David Parker]] and [[Stuart Wilson (sound engineer)|Stuart Wilson]]
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Production Design|Best Production Design]]}}
* '''''[[La La Land]]'' – [[Production designer|Production Design]]: [[David and Sandy Reynolds-Wasco|David Wasco]]; [[Set decorator|Set Decoration]]: [[David and Sandy Reynolds-Wasco|Sandy Reynolds-Wasco]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Arrival (film)|Arrival]]'' – Production Design: [[Patrice Vermette]]; Set Decoration: [[Paul Hotte]]
** ''[[Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (film)|Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them]]'' – Production Design: [[Stuart Craig]]; Set Decoration: [[Anna Pinnock]]
** ''[[Hail, Caesar!]]'' – Production Design: [[Jess Gonchor]]; Set Decoration: [[Nancy Haigh]]
** ''[[Passengers (2016 film)|Passengers]]'' – Production Design: [[Guy Hendrix Dyas]]; Set Decoration: [[Gene Serdena]]
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]]}}
* '''''[[La La Land]]'' – [[Linus Sandgren]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Arrival (film)|Arrival]]'' – [[Bradford Young]]
** ''[[Lion (2016 film)|Lion]]'' – [[Greig Fraser]]
** ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]'' – [[James Laxton]]
** ''[[Silence (2016 film)|Silence]]'' – [[Rodrigo Prieto]]
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling|Best Makeup and Hairstyling]]}}
* '''''[[Suicide Squad (2016 film)|Suicide Squad]]'' – [[Alessandro Bertolazzi]], [[Giorgio Gregorini]] and [[Christopher Nelson (make-up artist)|Christopher Nelson]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[A Man Called Ove (film)|A Man Called Ove]]'' – [[Eva von Bahr (make-up artist)|Eva von Bahr]] and [[Love Larson]]
** ''[[Star Trek Beyond]]'' – [[Joel Harlow]] and [[Richard Alonzo (make-up artist)|Richard Alonzo]]
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Costume Design|Best Costume Design]]}}
* '''''[[Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (film)|Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them]]'' – [[Colleen Atwood]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Allied (film)|Allied]]'' – [[Joanna Johnston]]
** ''[[Florence Foster Jenkins (film)|Florence Foster Jenkins]]'' – [[Consolata Boyle]]
** ''[[Jackie (2016 film)|Jackie]]'' – [[Madeline Fontaine]]
** ''[[La La Land]]'' – [[Mary Zophres]]
|-
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Film Editing|Best Film Editing]]}}
* '''''[[Hacksaw Ridge]]'' – [[John Gilbert (film editor)|John Gilbert]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Arrival (film)|Arrival]]'' – [[Joe Walker (film editor)|Joe Walker]]
** ''[[Hell or High Water (film)|Hell or High Water]]'' – [[Jake Roberts (film editor)|Jake Roberts]]
** ''[[La La Land]]'' – [[Tom Cross (film editor)|Tom Cross]]
** ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]'' – [[Nat Sanders]] and [[Joi McMillon]]
| style="vertical-align:top; width:50%;"|
{{Award category|#F9EFAA|[[Academy Award for Best Visual Effects|Best Visual Effects]]}}
* '''''[[The Jungle Book (2016 film)|The Jungle Book]]'' – [[Robert Legato]], [[Adam Valdez]], [[Andrew R. Jones]] and [[Dan Lemmon]]'''{{double-dagger}}
** ''[[Deepwater Horizon (film)|Deepwater Horizon]]'' – [[Craig Hammack]], [[Jason Snell (visual effects artist)|Jason Snell]], [[Jason Billington]] and [[Burt Dalton]]
** ''[[Doctor Strange (2016 film)|Doctor Strange]]'' – [[Stephane Ceretti]], [[Richard Bluff]], [[Vincent Cirelli]] and [[Paul Corbould]]
** ''[[Kubo and the Two Strings]]'' – [[Steve Emerson (visual effects artist)|Steve Emerson]], [[Oliver Jones (visual effects artist)|Oliver Jones]], [[Brian McLean (visual effects artist)|Brian McLean]] and [[Brad Schiff]]
** ''[[Rogue One|Rogue One: A Star Wars Story]]'' – [[John Knoll]], [[Mohen Leo]], [[Hal Hickel]] and [[Neil Corbould]]
|}

===Governors Awards===
The academy held its 8th annual [[Governors Awards]] ceremony on November 12, 2016, during which the following awards were presented:<ref>{{cite news |url=http://oscar.go.com/news/2016/academy-announces-jackie-chan-3-others-will-receive-2016-governors-awards |date=September 1, 2016 |title=Academy announces Jackie Chan, Anne V. Coates, Lynn Stalmaster and Frederick Wisemen will receive Governs awards |access-date=September 23, 2016 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918082946/http://oscar.go.com/news/2016/academy-announces-jackie-chan-3-others-will-receive-2016-governors-awards |archive-date=September 18, 2016}}</ref>

====Honorary Awards====
* To [[Jackie Chan]], an international film star who has captivated millions with his wit, boundless energy and unparalleled athletic artistry.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-37253382 |title=Jackie Chan awarded honorary Oscar |date=September 2, 2016 |access-date=September 23, 2016 |work=[[BBC News]] |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923041456/http://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-37253382 |archive-date=September 23, 2016}}</ref>
* To [[Anne V. Coates]], in recognition of a film editing career of remarkable breadth and exceptional collaborative achievement.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/jackie-chan-film-editor-anne-924394 |title=Jackie Chan, Film Editor Anne V. Coates to Get Honorary Oscars |date=September 1, 2016 |first=Gregg |last=Kilday| access-date=September 23, 2016 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910052758/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/jackie-chan-film-editor-anne-924394 |archive-date=September 10, 2016}}</ref>
* To [[Lynn Stalmaster]], a true pioneer whose keen insight and inspired creativity transformed the art of motion picture casting.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://deadline.com/2016/09/governors-awards-2016-jackie-chan-frederick-wiseman-anne-coates-lynn-stalmaster-1201811321/ |title=Governors Awards Honorees: Jackie Chan, Anne V Coates, Frederick Wiseman & Lynn Stalmaster |date=September 1, 2016 |access-date=September 23, 2016 |website=Deadline Hollywood |first1=Patrick |last1=Hipes |first2=Greg |last2=Evans |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924190214/http://deadline.com/2016/09/governors-awards-2016-jackie-chan-frederick-wiseman-anne-coates-lynn-stalmaster-1201811321/|archive-date=September 24, 2016}}</ref>
* To [[Frederick Wiseman]], whose masterful and distinctive documentaries examine the familiar and reveal the unexpected.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thewrap.com/jackie-chan-frederick-wiseman-to-receive-honorary-oscars/ |title=Jackie Chan, Frederick Wiseman to Receive Honorary Oscars |date=September 1, 2016 |access-date=September 23, 2016 |work=TheWrap |first=Steve |last=Pond |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909210551/http://www.thewrap.com/jackie-chan-frederick-wiseman-to-receive-honorary-oscars/ |archive-date=September 9, 2016}}</ref>

===Films with multiple nominations and awards===
{{columns-start|width=80%}}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Films that received multiple nominations<ref name="auto">{{cite web |title=2017 Oscars - Winners & Nominees |url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2017 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227001154/http://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2017 |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="col" width="55" | Nominations
! scope="col" align="center" | Film
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 14
| ''[[La La Land]]''
|-
| scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 8
| ''[[Arrival (film)|Arrival]]''
|-
| ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]''
|-
| scope="row" rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | 6
| ''[[Hacksaw Ridge]]''
|-
| ''[[Lion (2016 film)|Lion]]''
|-
| ''[[Manchester by the Sea (film)|Manchester by the Sea]]''
|-
| scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 4
| ''[[Fences (film)|Fences]]''
|-
| ''[[Hell or High Water (film)|Hell or High Water]]''
|-
| scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 3
| ''[[Hidden Figures]]''
|-
| ''[[Jackie (2016 film)|Jackie]]''
|-
| scope="row" rowspan="8" style="text-align:center;" | 2
| ''[[A Man Called Ove (film)|A Man Called Ove]]''
|-
| ''[[Deepwater Horizon (film)|Deepwater Horizon]]''
|-
| ''[[Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (film)|Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them]]''
|-
| ''[[Florence Foster Jenkins (film)|Florence Foster Jenkins]]''
|-
| ''[[Kubo and the Two Strings]]''
|-
| ''[[Moana (2016 film)|Moana]]''
|-
| ''[[Passengers (2016 film)|Passengers]]''
|-
| ''[[Rogue One|Rogue One: A Star Wars Story]]''
|}
{{column}}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Films that received multiple awards<ref name="auto"/>
|-
! scope="col" width="55" | Awards
! scope="col" align="center" | Film
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 6
| ''[[La La Land]]''
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 3
| ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]''
|-
| scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 2
| ''[[Hacksaw Ridge]]''
|-
| ''[[Manchester by the Sea (film)|Manchester by the Sea]]''
|}
{{columns-end}}

{{clear}}

== Presenters and performers ==
The following individuals, listed in order of appearance, presented awards or performed musical numbers.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kelley |first1=Seth |title=Leonardo DiCaprio, Brie Larson Among 2017 Oscar Presenters |url=https://variety.com/2017/film/news/oscars-presenters-2017-leonardo-dicaprio-brie-larson-1201975419/ |work=Variety |date=February 2017 |access-date=February 3, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202234904/http://variety.com/2017/film/news/oscars-presenters-2017-leonardo-dicaprio-brie-larson-1201975419/ |archive-date=February 2, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tapley |first1=Kristopher |title=Oscars: Justin Timberlake, Lin-Manuel Miranda, Sting, John Legend to Perform |url=https://variety.com/2017/film/awards/oscars-justin-timberlake-lin-manuel-miranda-sting-john-legend-to-perform-1201984413/ |work=Variety |date=February 10, 2017 |access-date=February 10, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210193756/http://variety.com/2017/film/awards/oscars-justin-timberlake-lin-manuel-miranda-sting-john-legend-to-perform-1201984413/ |archive-date=February 10, 2017}}</ref>

=== Presenters ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Name(s) !! Role
|-
| {{sortname|Randy|Thomas|nolink=1}} || Served as announcer for the 89th annual Academy Awards
|-
| {{sortname|Alicia|Vikander}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
|-
| {{sortname|Jason|Bateman}} {{sortname|Kate|McKinnon}} || Presented the awards for [[Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling|Best Makeup and Hairstyling]] and [[Academy Award for Best Costume Design|Best Costume Design]]
|-
| {{sortname|Taraji P.|Henson}} {{sortname|Janelle|Monáe}} {{sortname|Octavia|Spencer}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature|Best Documentary Feature]]
|-
| {{sortname|Dwayne|Johnson}} || Introduced the performance of Best Original Song nominee "[[How Far I'll Go]]"
|-
| {{sortname|Cheryl|Boone Isaacs}} (AMPAS president) || Introduced a special presentation highlighting the benefits of film and diversity
|-
| {{sortname|Sofia|Boutella}} {{sortname|Chris|Evans|Chris Evans (actor)}} || Presented the awards for [[Academy Award for Best Sound Editing|Best Sound Editing]] and [[Academy Award for Best Sound Mixing|Best Sound Mixing]]
|-
| {{sortname|Vince|Vaughn}} || Presented the [[Governors Awards|Governor Award]]
|-
| {{sortname|Mark|Rylance}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
|-
| {{sortname|Shirley|MacLaine}} {{sortname|Charlize|Theron}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Best Foreign Language Film]]
|-
| {{sortname|Dev|Patel}} || Introduced the performance of Best Original Song nominee "[[The Empty Chair (song)|The Empty Chair]]"
|-
| {{sortname|Gael|García Bernal}} {{sortname|Hailee|Steinfeld}} || Presented the awards for [[Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film|Best Animated Short Film]] and [[Academy Award for Best Animated Feature|Best Animated Feature Film]]
|-
| {{sortname|Jamie|Dornan}} {{sortname|Dakota|Johnson}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Production Design|Best Production Design]]
|-
| {{sortname|Riz|Ahmed}} {{sortname|Felicity|Jones}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Visual Effects|Best Visual Effects]]
|-
| {{sortname|Michael J.|Fox}} {{sortname|Seth|Rogen}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Film Editing|Best Film Editing]]
|-
| {{sortname|Salma|Hayek}} {{sortname|David|Oyelowo}} || Presented the awards for [[Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject)|Best Documentary Short Subject]] and [[Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film|Best Live Action Short Film]]
|-
| {{sortname|John|Cho}} {{sortname|Leslie|Mann}} || Presented the segment of the [[Academy Scientific and Technical Award]]s
|-
| {{sortname|Javier|Bardem}} {{sortname|Meryl|Streep}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]]
|-
| {{sortname|Ryan|Gosling}} {{sortname|Emma|Stone}} || Introduced the performance of Best Original Song nominees "[[Audition (The Fools Who Dream)]]" and "[[City of Stars]]"
|-
| {{sortname|Samuel L.|Jackson}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Best Original Score]]
|-
| {{sortname|Scarlett|Johansson}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Best Original Song]]
|-
| {{sortname|Jennifer|Aniston}} || Presented the "[[#In Memoriam|In Memoriam]]" tribute
|-
| {{sortname|Ben|Affleck}} [[Matt Damon]]{{refn|name=Matt Damon Skit|group=N| Referred to only as Ben Affleck's "guest" in this segment.<ref name="matt damon joke"/>}}<ref name="matt damon joke">{{cite magazine |url=https://ew.com/awards/2017/02/27/oscars-2017-jimmy-kimmel-matt-damon-ben-affleck/ |title=Jimmy Kimmel Belittles Matt Damon at Oscars with Help from Ben Affleck |last1=Rosen |first1=Christopher |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |date=February 27, 2017 |access-date=April 16, 2018 |language=en |archive-date=April 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417191900/http://ew.com/awards/2017/02/27/oscars-2017-jimmy-kimmel-matt-damon-ben-affleck/ |url-status=live }}</ref> || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay|Best Original Screenplay]]
|-
| {{sortname|Amy|Adams}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay|Best Adapted Screenplay]]
|-
| {{sortname|Halle|Berry}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
|-
| {{sortname|Brie|Larson}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
|-
| {{sortname|Leonardo|DiCaprio}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
|-
| {{sortname|Warren|Beatty}} {{sortname|Faye|Dunaway}} || Presented the award for [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]]
|}
{{reflist|group=n}}

=== Performers ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Name(s) !! Role !! Performed
|-
| {{sortname|Harold|Wheeler|Harold Wheeler (musician)}} || Musical arranger and conductor || Orchestral
|-
| {{sortname|Justin|Timberlake}} || Performer || Opening number: "[[Can't Stop the Feeling!]]" from ''[[Trolls (film)|Trolls]]'' and "[[Lovely Day (song)|Lovely Day]]"
|-
| {{sortname|Auliʻi|Cravalho}} {{sortname|Lin-Manuel|Miranda}} || Performers || "[[How Far I'll Go]]" from ''[[Moana (2016 film)|Moana]]''
|-
| {{sortname||Sting|Sting (musician)}} || Performer || "[[The Empty Chair (song)|The Empty Chair]]" from ''[[Jim: The James Foley Story]]''
|-
| {{sortname|John|Legend}} || Performer || "[[City of Stars]]" and "[[Audition (The Fools Who Dream)]]" from ''[[La La Land (film)|La La Land]]''
|-
| {{sortname|Sara|Bareilles}} || Performer || "[[Both Sides, Now]]" during the annual ''In Memoriam'' tribute
|}

==Ceremony information==
[[File:Jimmy Kimmel in 2015.jpg|thumb|upright|right|[[Jimmy Kimmel]] hosted the 89th Academy Awards|alt=Picture of comedian and host Jimmy Kimmel in 2015.]]

Due to the mixed reception and low ratings of the [[88th Academy Awards|previous year's ceremony]], producers [[David Hill (producer)|David Hill]] and [[Reginald Hudlin]] declined to helm the Oscar production. They were replaced by [[Michael De Luca]] and [[Jennifer Todd]] as producers.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Birnbaum |first1=Debra |title=It's Official: Michael De Luca and Jennifer Todd to Produce 2017 Oscars |url=https://variety.com/2016/film/news/michael-de-luca-jennifer-todd-producer-2017-oscars-1201909857/ |access-date=November 4, 2016 |work=Variety |date=November 4, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161105032344/http://variety.com/2016/film/news/michael-de-luca-jennifer-todd-producer-2017-oscars-1201909857/ |archive-date=November 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Feinberg |first1=Scott |title=Oscars: David Hill, Reginald Hudlin Not Returning as Producers (Exclusive) |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/race/oscars-david-hill-reginald-hudlin-not-returning-as-producers-943272 |access-date=November 4, 2016 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=November 2, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103125108/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/race/oscars-david-hill-reginald-hudlin-not-returning-as-producers-943272 |archive-date=November 3, 2016}}</ref> Actor and comedian [[Chris Rock]] told ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' regarding if he would return to host, "someone else will do it."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Littleton |first1=Cynthia |title=Chris Rock Weighs in on 2017 Oscars Host, Says Comics Should Appeal to People Who 'Look Like Them First' |url=https://variety.com/2016/tv/news/chris-rock-oscars-louie-blair-breard-stuart-cornfeld-chris-moore-1201904395/ |access-date=November 4, 2016 |work=Variety |date=October 29, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161105032558/http://variety.com/2016/tv/news/chris-rock-oscars-louie-blair-breard-stuart-cornfeld-chris-moore-1201904395/ |archive-date=November 5, 2016}}</ref> On December 5, 2016, it was announced that Jimmy Kimmel would host the ceremony.<ref name="kimmel">{{cite web |title=Jimmy Kimmel to host the 2017 Oscars |url=http://oscar.go.com/news/oscar-news/jimmy-kimmel-to-host-the-2017-oscars |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |date=December 5, 2016 |access-date=December 6, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220095209/http://oscar.go.com/news/oscar-news/jimmy-kimmel-to-host-the-2017-oscars |archive-date=December 20, 2016}}</ref> Kimmel expressed that it was truly an honor and a thrill to be asked to host Academy Awards, commenting "Mike and Jennifer have an excellent plan and their enthusiasm is infectious. I am honored to have been chosen to host the 89th and final Oscars."<ref>{{cite news |title=Jimmy Kimmel Announced His Oscars Hosting Gig with a Donald Trump Burn |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2016/12/jimmy-kimmel-oscars-host-donald-trump-taiwan |last1=Bradely |first1=Laura| access-date=February 20, 2017 |work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |date=December 8, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161212115046/http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2016/12/jimmy-kimmel-oscars-host-donald-trump-taiwan |archive-date=December 12, 2016}}</ref>

Due to his hosting duties, ABC did not broadcast a special episode of ''[[Jimmy Kimmel Live!]]'' following the ceremony, as in past years. Instead, ABC aired ''Live from Hollywood: The After Party'', co-hosted by [[Anthony Anderson]] and [[Lara Spencer]] of ''[[Good Morning America]]''.<ref name="deadline-afterparty">{{cite web |title=Anthony Anderson To Host ABC's Post-Oscar Special, 'Live From Hollywood: The After Party' |url=https://deadline.com/2017/02/anthony-anderson-post-oscars-special-live-from-hollywood-1201955342/ |website=Deadline Hollywood |date=February 23, 2017 |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227231651/http://deadline.com/2017/02/anthony-anderson-post-oscars-special-live-from-hollywood-1201955342/ |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref> The stage set was designed by [[Derek McLane]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/2017-oscars-stage-art-deco-style |title=The 2017 Oscars Stage Is Inspired by Vintage Art Deco Style-Architectural Digest |first1=Stefanie |last1=Waldek |work=[[Architectural Digest]] |date=February 21, 2017 |access-date=March 1, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301180556/http://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/2017-oscars-stage-art-deco-style |archive-date=March 1, 2017}}</ref>

===Box office performance of nominated films===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:350px; font-size:90%; float:right; clear:right; margin-left:10px"
|+North American box office gross for Best Picture nominees<ref name="BOM">{{cite web |title=2016 Academy Award Nominations and Winner for Best Picture |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/oscar/chart/?yr=2016&view=fulldetail&p=.htm |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=March 5, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216165419/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/oscar/chart/?yr=2016&view=fulldetail&p=.htm |archive-date=February 16, 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="col" data-sort-type="text" | Film
! scope="col" data-sort-type="currency" | Pre-nomination (before Jan. 24)
! scope="col" data-sort-type="currency" | Post-nomination (Jan. 24 – Feb. 26)
! scope="col" data-sort-type="currency" | Post-awards (after Feb. 26)
! scope="col" data-sort-type="currency" | Total
|-
| ''Hidden Figures''
| $85 million
| $67.7 million
| $16.5 million
| $169.3 million
|-
| ''La La Land''
| $90.5 million
| $50.5 million
| $10.2 million
| $151.1 million
|-
| ''Arrival''
| $95.7 million
| $4.6 million
| $210,648
| $100.5 million
|-
| ''Hacksaw Ridge''
| $65.5 million
| $1.4 million
| $274,090
| $67.2 million
|-
| ''Fences''
| $48.8 million
| $7.7 million
| $1.1 million
| $57.7 million
|-
| ''Lion''
| $16.5 million
| $26.3 million
| $8.9 million
| $51.7 million
|-
| ''Manchester by the Sea''
| $39 million
| $7.9 million
| $819,980
| $47.7 million
|-
| ''Moonlight''
| $15.9 million
| $6.4 million
| $5.6 million
| $27.9 million
|-
| ''Hell or High Water''
| $27 million
| –
| –
| $27 million
|-
! Total
! $483.9 million
! $172.4 million
! $43.6 million
! $700.1 million
|-
! Average
! $53.8 million
! $19.2 million
! $4.8 million
! $77.8 million
|}

At the time of the nominations announcement on January 24, 2017, the combined gross of the nine Best Picture nominees at the North American box offices was $483.8 million, with an average of $53.8 million per film.<ref name=BOM/> When the nominations were announced, ''Arrival'' was the highest-grossing film among the Best Picture nominees with $95.7 million in domestic box office receipts.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-oscar-nominations-2017-live-none-of-the-best-picture-nominees-have-1485263901-htmlstory.html |title=None of the best picture nominees has grossed more than $100 million |last=Bernardin |first=Marc |date=January 24, 2017 |work=Loss Angeles Times |access-date=June 17, 2018 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016021207/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-et-oscar-nominations-2017-live-none-of-the-best-picture-nominees-have-1485263901-htmlstory.html|archive-date=October 16, 2017|df=mdy-all}}</ref> ''La La Land'' was the second-highest-grossing film with $90.5 million,<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://ew.com/awards/2017/02/26/oscars-2017-best-picture-box-office/ |title=How Oscar Nods Boosted 2017's Best Picture Contenders at the Box Office |first1=Nolfi |last1=Joey |date=February 26, 2017 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |access-date=June 17, 2018|language=en |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116032059/http://ew.com/awards/2017/02/26/oscars-2017-best-picture-box-office/|archive-date=January 16, 2018}}</ref> followed by ''Hidden Figures'' ($85 million), ''Hacksaw Ridge'' ($65.5 million), ''Fences'' ($48.8 million), ''Manchester by the Sea'' ($39 million), ''Hell or High Water'' ($27 million), ''Lion'' ($16.5 million) and ''Moonlight'' ($15.8 million).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dailyherald.com/article/20170124/entlife/301249859 |title=Box office performance of the 9 best picture Oscar nominees |agency=Associated Press |date=March 24, 2017 |work=[[Daily Herald (Arlington Heights)|Daily Herald]] |access-date=June 17, 2018 |language=en-US |archive-date=June 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617165735/http://www.dailyherald.com/article/20170124/entlife/301249859 |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Moonlight'' became the second-lowest-grossing film to win Best Picture award.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://fortune.com/2017/02/27/moonlight-oscars-low-budget-box-office/ |title='Moonlight' Is Among the Lowest-Grossing Oscar Winners Ever |first1=Huddleston Jr. |last1=Tom |date=February 27, 2017 |work=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |access-date=June 17, 2018|language=en |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306033945/http://fortune.com/2017/02/27/moonlight-oscars-low-budget-box-office/|archive-date=March 6, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/oscar/?sort=gross&order=DESC&p=.htm |title=Academy Award Winners, Nominees, Games and Box Office Breakdowns |website=Boxoffice Mojo |language=en |access-date=June 17, 2018 |archive-date=June 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617170121/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/oscar/?sort=gross&order=DESC&p=.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref>


Thirty-five nominations went to 13 films on the list of the top 50 grossing movies of the year. Of those 13 films, only ''Zootopia'' (3rd), ''Moana'' (15th), ''La La Land'' (45th), and ''Arrival'' (48th) were nominated for Best Picture, Best Animated Feature or any of the directing, acting or screenwriting awards.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/oscar/chart/?view=allmovies&yr=2016&p=.htm |title=2016 Academy Awards Nominees and Wins by Movie |website=www.boxofficemojo.com |language=en |access-date=June 22, 2018 |archive-date=June 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622164724/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/oscar/chart/?view=allmovies&yr=2016&p=.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> The other top 50 box-office hits that earned nominations were ''Rogue One: A Star Wars Story'' (4th), ''The Jungle Book'' (5th), ''Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them'' (8th), ''Suicide Squad'' (10th), ''Doctor Strange'' (11th), ''Star Trek Beyond'' (24th), ''Trolls'' (25th), ''Passengers'' (30th), and ''Sully'' (32nd).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/yearly/chart/?yr=2016&p=.htm |title=2016 Yearly Box Office Results - Box Office Mojo |website=www.boxofficemojo.com |language=en |access-date=June 22, 2018 |archive-date=December 27, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227225622/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/yearly/chart/?yr=2016&p=.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Racial diversity===
In the previous two years, the awards had come under scrutiny for the lack of racial diversity among the nominees in major categories, which included no actors of color being nominated.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Keegan |first1=Rebecca |last2=Zeitchik |first2=Steven |title=Oscars 2016: Here's why the nominees are so white-again |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/moviesnow/la-et-mn-all-white-oscar-acting-nominees-20160114-story.html |access-date=June 12, 2016 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=January 14, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612100254/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/moviesnow/la-et-mn-all-white-oscar-acting-nominees-20160114-story.html |archive-date=June 12, 2016}}</ref> After the nominees for the 89th Awards were announced on January 24, many media outlets noted the diversity of the nominations, which included a record-tying seven non-white actors and a record-setting six black actors.<ref name=Diversity>{{cite news |last1=Riley |first1=Jenelle |title=Oscars: Record Six Black Actors Nominated, Diversity Improves After Controversy |url=https://variety.com/2017/film/news/2017-oscars-diversity-denzel-washington-viola-davis-octavia-spencer-1201968125/ |access-date=January 24, 2017 |work=Variety |date=January 24, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126151557/http://variety.com/2017/film/news/2017-oscars-diversity-denzel-washington-viola-davis-octavia-spencer-1201968125/ |archive-date=January 26, 2017}}</ref><ref name=Diversity2>{{cite news |last1=Krishnakumar |first1=Priya |title=Are the Oscars still #SoWhite? A look at the diversity among this year's nominees |url=https://www.latimes.com/projects/la-et-oscars-nominations-2017/ |access-date=January 24, 2017 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=January 24, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124185353/http://www.latimes.com/projects/la-et-oscars-nominations-2017/|archive-date=January 24, 2017}}</ref><ref name=Diversity3>{{cite news |title=Oscar nominations more diverse after #OscarsSoWhite row |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/01/oscar-nominations-diverse-oscarssowhite-row-170124144104777.html |access-date=January 24, 2017 |publisher=[[Aljazeera Publishing]] |date=January 24, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124185401/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/01/oscar-nominations-diverse-oscarssowhite-row-170124144104777.html |archive-date=January 24, 2017}}</ref> For the first time in the academy's history, each acting category had black actors, with three nominated in the Best Supporting Actress category and three black screenwriters nominated in the Best Adapted Screenplay category in the same year. Also nominated was one black director, the fourth in Oscar history.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Capatides |first1=Christina |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/for-the-first-time-ever-3-black-actresses-were-nominated-in-the-same-oscars-category/ |title=For the first time ever, 3 black actresses were nominated in the same Oscars category |work=[[CBS News]] |date=February 25, 2007 |access-date=January 25, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125013740/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/for-the-first-time-ever-3-black-actresses-were-nominated-in-the-same-oscars-category/ |archive-date=January 25, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Verhoeven |first=Beatrice |url=https://www.thewrap.com/oscars-2017-two-black-screenwriters-fences-moonlight/ |title=Oscars 2017: 3 Black Screenwriters Earn Oscar Noms for First Time Ever |work=TheWrap |date=January 24, 2017 |access-date=January 25, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206053216/http://www.thewrap.com/oscars-2017-two-black-screenwriters-fences-moonlight/ |archive-date=February 6, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Stacy |last=Lambe |url=http://www.etonline.com/awards/oscars/208328_oscars_2017_nominate_black_actors_every_acting_category/ |title=Black Actors Nominated in Every Acting Category for First Time in Oscar History |work=[[Entertainment Tonight]] |access-date=January 25, 2017 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126132814/http://www.etonline.com/awards/oscars/208328_oscars_2017_nominate_black_actors_every_acting_category/ |archive-date=January 26, 2017}}</ref>

The awards continued to be criticized by actors and media organizations representing non-black minorities in America. The [[National Hispanic Media Coalition]] stated that Latino actors were "not getting the opportunities to work in front of camera, and with few exceptions, in back of the camera as well." Daniel Mayeda, chair of the Asian Pacific American Media Coalition, stated that the omission of Asian actors from the nominations list (with only one actor, [[Dev Patel]], nominated) reflected "the continued lack of real opportunities for Asians in Hollywood".<ref>{{cite news |last=Puente |first=Maria |date=January 24, 2017 |title=Oscar nominations 2017: Diversity is not a simple black-or-white issue |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2017/01/24/oscar-diversity-more-than-black-or-white-latinos-asians-excluded/96951730/ |work=USA Today |access-date=February 26, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225124803/http://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2017/01/24/oscar-diversity-more-than-black-or-white-latinos-asians-excluded/96951730/ |archive-date=February 25, 2017}}</ref> A skit performed during the ceremony, in which a group of tourists enter the theater, led to criticism of host Kimmel when he was accused of mocking an Asian woman's name.<ref>{{cite news |last=Verhoeven |first=Beatrice |date=February 26, 2017 |title=Jimmy Kimmel Slammed for Mocking Asian Woman's Name at Oscars |url=https://www.thewrap.com/jimmy-kimmel-slammed-mocking-asian-oscars/ |work=TheWrap |access-date=February 26, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227090754/http://www.thewrap.com/jimmy-kimmel-slammed-mocking-asian-oscars/ |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>

Having previously been nominated for ''[[Doubt (2008 film)|Doubt]]'' (2008) and ''[[The Help (film)|The Help]]'' (2011), [[Viola Davis]] became the first African-American actress to garner three Academy Award nominations.<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Tim P. |last=Whit |url=https://ew.com/awards/2017/01/24/viola-davis-first-black-actress-three-oscar-nominations/ |title=Viola Davis becomes first black actress to earn 3 Oscar nominations |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=January 24, 2017 |access-date=January 25, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125011128/http://ew.com/awards/2017/01/24/viola-davis-first-black-actress-three-oscar-nominations/ |archive-date=January 25, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Bethonie |last=Butler |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2017/01/24/viola-daviss-historic-oscar-nod-could-lead-to-a-win-and-another-great-speech/ |title=Viola Davis makes history with her third Oscar nod. We might be in for an epic speech. |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 24, 2017 |access-date=January 25, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125030948/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2017/01/24/viola-daviss-historic-oscar-nod-could-lead-to-a-win-and-another-great-speech/ |archive-date=January 25, 2017}}</ref> She went on to win the award, making her the first African-American to achieve the Triple Crown of Acting: winning a competitive [[Emmy]], [[Tony Awards|Tony]], and Oscar in acting categories. [[Bradford Young]] became the first African-American to be nominated for [[Academy Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]], while [[Joi McMillon]] became the first African-American to be nominated for [[Academy Award for Best Film Editing|Best Film Editing]] since [[Hugh A. Robertson]] for ''[[Midnight Cowboy]]'', as well as the first black woman to be nominated for that award.<ref>{{cite web |first=Carolyn |last=Giardina |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/behind-screen/oscars-moonlight-editing-nomination-marks-a-first-967940 |title=Oscars: 'Moonlight' Editing Nomination Marks a First |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=January 24, 2017 |access-date=January 24, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124212600/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/behind-screen/oscars-moonlight-editing-nomination-marks-a-first-967940 |archive-date=January 24, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.vogue.com/projects/13514953/moonlight-cinematographer-james-laxton/ |title=''Moonlight's'' Cinematographer on Filming the Most Exquisite Movie of the Year |last=Aguirre |first=Abby |work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]] |language=en-US |access-date=January 7, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108001842/http://www.vogue.com/projects/13514953/moonlight-cinematographer-james-laxton/ |archive-date=January 8, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |work=The Huffington Post |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/joi-mcmillon-moonlight-first-black-woman-oscar-nomination_us_588acd7ce4b0230ce61b2061 |title=Meet Joi McMillon, The First Black Female Oscar Nominee For Film Editing |date=January 27, 2017 |last=Williams |first=Brennan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127185430/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/joi-mcmillon-moonlight-first-black-woman-oscar-nomination_us_588acd7ce4b0230ce61b2061 |archive-date=January 27, 2017}}</ref> [[Octavia Spencer]] became the first African-American actress to be nominated after having already won before.<ref name="ew">{{cite magazine |first=Joey |last=Nolfi |title=Oscars: Octavia Spencer makes history with The Shape of Water nomination |url=https://ew.com/awards/2018/01/23/oscars-octavia-spencer-makes-history-shape-of-water-nomination/ |access-date=2018-01-23 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=2018-01-23 |archive-date=January 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124005804/http://ew.com/awards/2018/01/23/oscars-octavia-spencer-makes-history-shape-of-water-nomination/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Moonlight'' became the first film with an all-black cast to win the Best Picture award.<ref name="france1"/> Additionally, the ceremony had the most black winners of the Academy Awards ever.<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Joey |last=Nolfi |url=https://ew.com/awards/2017/02/26/oscars-2017-black-acting-winners/ |title=Oscars 2017: History made with most black winners ever |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=26 February 2017 |access-date=March 1, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228071429/http://ew.com/awards/2017/02/26/oscars-2017-black-acting-winners/ |archive-date=February 28, 2017}}</ref>

===Travel ban controversy===
Iranian director [[Asghar Farhadi]], who won the award for [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Best Foreign Language Film]] for ''[[The Salesman (2016 film)|The Salesman]]'', was revealed to initially be unable to attend the ceremony due to [[President of the United States|President]] [[Donald Trump]]'s [[Executive Order 13769|immigration ban]]. He boycotted the event, saying, "I have decided to not attend the Academy Awards ceremony alongside my fellow members of the cinematic community."<ref>{{cite web |first=Julia |last=Brucculieri |title=Oscar-Nominated Iranian Director Asghar Farhadi Will Not Attend Awards Ceremony |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/iranian-director-asghar-farhadi-oscars_us_588e4a98e4b08a14f7e6ac7c |work=The Huffington Post |date=January 30, 2017 |access-date=February 5, 2017 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204003220/http://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/iranian-director-asghar-farhadi-oscars_us_588e4a98e4b08a14f7e6ac7c |archive-date=February 4, 2017}}</ref> The academy president [[Cheryl Boone Isaacs]] reacted to the travel ban, saying, "America should always be not a barrier but a beacon and each and every one of us knows that there are some empty chairs in this room which has made academy artists into activists."<ref>{{cite web |first=Lanre |last=Bakare |title=Academy president on Oscars boycott: Trump ban made 'artists into activists' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/feb/06/oscars-boycott-trump-cheryl-boone-isaacs |work=The Guardian |date=January 27, 2017 |access-date=February 11, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211075514/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/feb/06/oscars-boycott-trump-cheryl-boone-isaacs |archive-date=February 11, 2017}}</ref>

Two prominent [[Iranian Americans]] – engineer [[Anousheh Ansari]], known as the first female [[space tourism|space tourist]], and [[Firouz Naderi]], a former director of Solar Systems Exploration at [[NASA]] – accepted Asghar Farhadi's Oscar on his behalf at the ceremony.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vivarelli |first1=Nick |title=Asghar Farhadi to Be Represented at Oscars by First Female Space Tourist and Former NASA Scientist |url=https://variety.com/2017/film/awards/asghar-farhadi-to-be-represented-by-first-female-space-tourist-and-nasa-exec-at-oscars-1201995676/ |work=Variety |date=February 24, 2017 |access-date=February 26, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170226050348/http://variety.com/2017/film/awards/asghar-farhadi-to-be-represented-by-first-female-space-tourist-and-nasa-exec-at-oscars-1201995676/ |archive-date=February 26, 2017}}</ref> Congratulations which had initially been tweeted to the Iranian people from the [[United States Department of State|US State Department]]'s official Persian-language Twitter account were deleted following the acceptance speech given by Firouz Naderi in which President Trump's travel ban was described as "inhumane".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Smith |first1=Neil |title=Oscars 2017: Truth behind 'Envelopegate' emerges |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-39112851 |work=BBC News |access-date=28 February 2017 |date=28 February 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228214718/http://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-39112851 |archive-date=February 28, 2017}}</ref>

===Best Picture announcement error===
[[Warren Beatty]] and [[Faye Dunaway]] came onstage to present the award for [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]], in celebration of the 50th anniversary of ''[[Bonnie and Clyde (film)|Bonnie and Clyde]]''.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/race/oscars-warren-beatty-faye-dunaway-planning-bonnie-clyde-reunion-972762 |title=Oscars: Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway Planning 'Bonnie and Clyde' Reunion (Exclusive) |first1=Feinberg |last1=Scott |first2=Gardner |last2=Chris |date=February 16, 2017 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=June 17, 2018|language=en |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816203601/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/race/oscars-warren-beatty-faye-dunaway-planning-bonnie-clyde-reunion-972762|archive-date=August 16, 2017}}</ref> After opening the envelope, Beatty hesitated, eventually showing it to Dunaway, who glanced at it and declared ''[[La La Land (film)|La La Land]]'' to be the winner.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/oscars-2018-warren-beatty-faye-dunaway-best-picture-moonlight-la-la-land-a8240011.html |title=Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway joke about Oscars mix-up when handing out best picture |first=Shepherd |last=Jack |date=March 5, 2018 |work=The Independent |access-date=June 17, 2018|language=en-GB= |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305223527/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/oscars-2018-warren-beatty-faye-dunaway-best-picture-moonlight-la-la-land-a8240011.html|archive-date=March 5, 2018}}</ref> However, more than two minutes later, as the producers of ''La La Land'' were making their acceptance speeches, Oscar crew members came on stage and took the envelopes from those assembled, explaining to them that there had been a mistake. ''La La Land'' producer [[Fred Berger (producer)|Fred Berger]], having heard the news, concluded his brief speech by saying "we lost, by the way".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2017/02/27/la-la-land-producer-jordan-horowitz-is-the-truth-teller-we-need-right-now/ |title='La La Land' producer Jordan Horowitz is the truth-teller we need right now |last1=Merry |first1=Stephanie |date=February 27, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=June 17, 2018 |last2=Bever |first2=Lindsey|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108081143/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/wp/2017/02/27/la-la-land-producer-jordan-horowitz-is-the-truth-teller-we-need-right-now/|archive-date=January 8, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-la-la-land-producer-makes-announcement-on-oscars-gaffe/ |title=Jewish 'La La Land' producer takes starring role in Oscars gaffe |date=February 27, 2017 |work=[[The Times of Israel]] |access-date=June 17, 2018|language=en-US |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920031913/http://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-la-la-land-producer-makes-announcement-on-oscars-gaffe/|archive-date=September 20, 2017}}</ref>

Beatty was then given the correct opened envelope as ''La La Land'' producer [[Jordan Horowitz]] stepped to the microphone, announced the error, stated that ''[[Moonlight (2016 film)|Moonlight]]'' had actually won the award, and took the card bearing the film's title from Beatty's hand and showed it to the camera and the audience as proof. The ''La La Land'' team, particularly Horowitz, would later be praised for their professional handling of the situation. Beatty returned to the microphone and explained that the envelope he had initially been given named [[Emma Stone]] for her actress performance in ''La La Land'', hence his confused pause, and confirmed that ''Moonlight'' was the winner. The producers of ''Moonlight'' then came onstage, Horowitz presented the Best Picture award given to them, and they gave their acceptance speeches.<ref name="DonnellyOscar" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/moonlight-wins-best-picture-mistake-presenter-warren-beatty/story?id=45769592 |title='Moonlight' wins best picture after 'La La Land' mistakenly announced |first1=Michael |last1=Rothman |first2=Michael Edison |last2=Hayden |date=February 27, 2017 |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227052424/http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/moonlight-wins-best-picture-mistake-presenter-warren-beatty/story?id=45769592 |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Garvey |first1=Megan |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-oscars-2017-89th-academy-awards-la-la-land-wins-best-1488172121-htmlstory.html |title=Oscars 2017 live updates: 'Moonlight' wins best picture after 'La La Land' incorrectly called |work=Los Angeles Times |date=February 26, 2017 |access-date=February 26, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227085131/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/la-oscars-2017-89th-academy-awards-la-la-land-wins-best-1488172121-htmlstory.html |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>

According to ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'', [[PricewaterhouseCoopers]] (PwC) – the accounting firm responsible for tabulating results, preparing the envelopes, and handing them to presenters – creates two sets of envelopes, which are kept on opposite sides of the stage.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kilday |first1=Gregg |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/oscars-how-wrong-envelope-triggered-a-best-picture-fiasco-980910 |title=Oscars: How the Wrong Envelope Triggered a Best Picture Fiasco |work=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=February 27, 2017 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227102803/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/oscars-how-wrong-envelope-triggered-a-best-picture-fiasco-980910 |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref> It is intended that each award has one primary envelope and one backup envelope that remains with one of the PwC staff in the wings. (An emergency third set of envelopes is kept at an undisclosed location until the first two sets of envelopes are confirmed to have arrived at the Oscars ceremony location safely.) Video stills from the broadcast show that Beatty and Dunaway had been given the single remaining still-unopened backup envelope for the [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] award as they walked onto the stage.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/27/entertainment/academy-awards-mistake-what-happened/index.html |title=It was 'Moonlight,' not 'La La Land': A timeline of a historic Oscars blunder |last=Gonzalez |first=Sandra |publisher=CNN |date=February 27, 2017 |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227232200/http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/27/entertainment/academy-awards-mistake-what-happened/index.html |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>

PwC issued a statement apologizing for this error:

{{cquote|text=We sincerely apologize to ''Moonlight'', ''La La Land'', Warren Beatty, Faye Dunaway, and Oscar viewers for the error that was made during the award announcement for Best Picture. The presenters had mistakenly been given the wrong category envelope and when discovered, was immediately corrected. We are currently investigating how this could have happened, and deeply regret that this occurred. We appreciate the grace with which the nominees, the Academy, ABC, and Jimmy Kimmel handled the situation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oscars.org/news/statement-pricewaterhousecoopers |title=Statement from PwC |date=February 27, 2017 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227115922/https://www.oscars.org/news/statement-pricewaterhousecoopers |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>}}

An article from ''[[The New York Times]]'' explained:

{{cquote|text=The design of the envelopes could have been a factor. The envelopes were redesigned this year to feature red paper with gold lettering that specified the award enclosed, rather than gold paper with dark lettering. That could have made the lettering harder to read. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, not PwC, is responsible for the design and procurement of the envelopes.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gelles |first1=David |last2=Maheshwari |first2=Sapna |title=Oscars Mistake Casts Unwanted Spotlight on PwC |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/27/business/media/pwc-oscars-best-picture.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=February 27, 2017 |access-date=February 28, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228032107/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/27/business/media/pwc-oscars-best-picture.html |archive-date=February 28, 2017}}</ref>}}

Brian Cullinan, the PwC accountant who gave the wrong envelope to Beatty, had been instructed not to use social media during the event; however, moments after handing over the envelope, he had [[Twitter|tweeted]] a snapshot of Stone standing backstage.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mandell |first=Andrea |title=PwC rep was told not to tweet during Oscars |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2017/02/28/pwc-academy-awards-wrong-envelope-told-not-to-tweet/98544462/ |work=USA Today |date=February 28, 2017 |access-date=March 2, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302101825/http://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2017/02/28/pwc-academy-awards-wrong-envelope-told-not-to-tweet/98544462/ |archive-date=March 2, 2017}}</ref> [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']] published photographs of Cullinan that were taken at the time which showed him backstage while tweeting the image.<ref name="Varietywrongenvelope">{{cite news |last1=Yee |first1=Lawrence |last2=Oldham |first2=Stuart |last3=Bryant |first3=Jacob |title=New Photos Show PWC Accountant Tweeting, Mixing Envelopes Backstage at Oscars (exclusive) |url=https://variety.com/2017/film/news/oscar-best-picture-gaffe-brian-cullinan-envelope-1201999283/ |magazine=Variety |date=March 1, 2017 |access-date=March 2, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302000801/https://variety.com/2017/film/news/oscar-best-picture-gaffe-brian-cullinan-envelope-1201999283/ |archive-date=March 2, 2017}}</ref>

=== Critical reviews ===
The show received a mixed reception from media publications. Some media outlets were more critical and complained of repetitive jokes; Jeff Jensen of ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' complained that the show "didn't know when to stop and didn't know when to bail on stuff that wasn't working",<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Jensen |first1=Jeff |title=The Oscars fumble: EW review |url=https://ew.com/awards/2017/02/27/oscars-2017-ew-review/ |access-date=April 23, 2017 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=February 27, 2017 |archive-date=April 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424182553/http://ew.com/awards/2017/02/27/oscars-2017-ew-review/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and Kristi Turnquist of ''[[The Oregonian]]'' agreed and especially noted the repeated segments featuring actors discussing their favorite films at length to be "tedious and ill-advised".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Turnquist |first1=Kristi |title=In incredible Oscars switch, 'Moonlight' wins best picture |url=http://www.oregonlive.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2017/02/in_incredible_oscars_switch_mo.html |access-date=August 23, 2017 |work=[[The Oregonian]] |date=February 27, 2017 |archive-date=September 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913135034/http://www.oregonlive.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2017/02/in_incredible_oscars_switch_mo.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Writing for ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' television critic Daniel D'Addario bemoaned that, "It was unfortunate that the evening's host didn't seem to share the evening's general embrace of humanity."<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Review: A Lively Oscars Show Ended With the Mother of All Mix-Ups |url=https://time.com/4683402/oscars-2017-recap-review/ |first=Daniel |last=D'Addario |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=February 27, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |archive-date=April 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425010934/http://time.com/4683402/oscars-2017-recap-review/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Some media outlets reviewed the broadcast more positively with some praise for Kimmel. ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' television critic Sonia Saraiya praised Kimmel's performance writing that he "found a way to balance the telecast between that sensibility – the treacly self-satisfaction of sweeping orchestrals and tap dancing starlets."<ref>{{cite news |title=TV Review: Oscars Celebrate Cinema Through the Messy Power of Live Television |first=Sonia |last=Saraiya |url=https://variety.com/2017/film/news/2017-oscars-review-the-academy-awards-mess-cinema-la-la-land-moonlight-jimmy-kimmel-1201997497/| magazine=Variety |date=February 26, 2017 |access-date=March 14, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170315085248/https://variety.com/2017/film/news/2017-oscars-review-the-academy-awards-mess-cinema-la-la-land-moonlight-jimmy-kimmel-1201997497/ |archive-date=March 15, 2017}}</ref> Chief television critics, Robert Bianco of ''[[USA Today]]'' and [[Frazier Moore]] from [[Associated Press]] applauded Kimmel's hosting saying he "was up to the challenge" while Moore added that the ceremony's induction of the montage of moviegoers shows that "Hollywood can surmount its share of walls."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bianco |first1=Robert |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2017/02/26/oscars-quick-take-review-jimmy-kimmel-justin-timberlake-robert-bianco/98458314/ |title=Review: Kimmel comes out comfortable and swinging in debut as Oscars host |work=USA Today |access-date=March 15, 2017 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302200950/http://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2017/02/26/oscars-quick-take-review-jimmy-kimmel-justin-timberlake-robert-bianco/98458314/|archive-date=March 2, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Moore |first1=Frazier |url=https://newsok.com/article/feed/1174942/review-what-happened-oscar-host-kimmel-was-unflappable |title=Review: What happened? Oscar host Kimmel was unflappable |work=[[The Associated Press]] |publisher=[[The Oklahoman]] |date=February 27, 2017 |access-date=May 15, 2018 |language=en-US |archive-date=May 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180516104029/https://newsok.com/article/feed/1174942/review-what-happened-oscar-host-kimmel-was-unflappable |url-status=live }}</ref> Brian Lowry of [[CNN]] gave an average critique of the ceremony but acclaimed Kimmel's hosting.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lowry |first1=Brian |title=Oscars mix politics, silliness and shocking twist ending |url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/27/tv-shows/academy-awards-2017-review/ |access-date=August 23, 2017 |publisher=CNN |date=February 27, 2017 |archive-date=September 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913135059/http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/27/tv-shows/academy-awards-2017-review/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Many critics praised the playful jabs between Kimmel and [[Matt Damon]], who was introduced as [[Ben Affleck]]'s unnamed guest as well as music being played over him.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/jimmy-kimmel-matt-damon-feud-escalates-at-oscars-2017-watch-980423|title=Oscars: Host Jimmy Kimmel Brings Long-Running Matt Damon Feud to the Stage|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=February 26, 2017|access-date=September 20, 2020|archive-date=December 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208145551/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/jimmy-kimmel-matt-damon-feud-escalates-at-oscars-2017-watch-980423|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Rating and reception ===
The American telecast on ABC drew an average of 33 million people over its length, which was a 4% decrease from the [[88th Academy Awards|previous year]].<ref name="Oscar ratings"/> The show also earned lower [[Nielsen ratings]] compared to the previous ceremony with 22.4% of households watching over a 36 share.<ref>{{cite news |last1=O'Connell |first1=Michael |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/tv-ratings-oscars-drop-again-early-numbers-980854 |title=TV Ratings: Oscars Drop to 32.9M Viewers, Telecast Takes a Bigger Hit With Younger Set |work=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=May 15, 2018 |language=en |archive-date=April 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413200126/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/tv-ratings-oscars-drop-again-early-numbers-980854 |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition, it received a lower 18–49 demo rating with a 9.1 rating over a 26 share.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2017/02/oscars-ratings-jimmy-kimmel-abc-moonlight-la-la-land-1201787923/ |title=Final Oscars Ratings: La La Lousy Numbers, as This Year's Telecast Dips From Last Year (Updated) |last=Schneider |first=Michael |date=February 27, 2017 |work=[[IndieWire]] |access-date=May 15, 2018 |language=en-US |archive-date=May 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180516103936/http://www.indiewire.com/2017/02/oscars-ratings-jimmy-kimmel-abc-moonlight-la-la-land-1201787923/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It also had the lowest U.S. viewership since the [[80th Academy Awards|80th ceremony]] in 2008, which averaged 32 million viewers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/daily-ratings/tv-ratings-sunday-feb-26-2017-oscars/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227185908/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/daily-ratings/tv-ratings-sunday-feb-26-2017-oscars/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 27, 2017 |title=TV Ratings Sunday: Oscars decline to smallest audience in 9 years [Updated] |last=Porter |first=Rick |date=February 27, 2017 |website=[[TV by the Numbers]]|language=en |access-date=May 15, 2018}}</ref> Nonetheless, it was the eighth most watched television broadcast in the United States in 2017.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Crupi |first1=Anthony |title=Despite Another Ratings Slump, the NFL Remains TV's Top Dog |url=http://adage.com/article/media/ratings-slum/311777/ |publisher=[[Advertising Age]] |date=January 2, 2018 |access-date=January 26, 2018 |archive-date=February 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203162434/http://adage.com/article/media/ratings-slum/311777/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In July 2017, the ceremony presentation received six nominations for the [[69th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards|69th Primetime Creative Arts Emmys]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/2017-emmy-nominees-list-nominations-1202494465/ |title=Emmys 2017: Full List of Nominations |date=July 13, 2017 |work=Variety |access-date=July 13, 2017 |archive-date=June 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626194627/https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/2017-emmy-nominees-list-nominations-1202494465/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The following month, the ceremony won two of those nominations for [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Interactive Program|Outstanding Creative Achievement In Interactive Media within an Unscripted Program]] and for [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Variety Special|Outstanding Directing for a Variety Special]] (Glenn Weiss).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Chow |first1=Andrew R. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/17/arts/television/emmy-winners-list.html |title=Emmys 2017 Winners List |date=September 17, 2017 |work=The New York Times |access-date=September 18, 2017 |archive-date=January 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106073636/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/17/arts/television/emmy-winners-list.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=="In Memoriam"==
The annual "In Memoriam" segment was introduced by [[Jennifer Aniston]], with [[Sara Bareilles]] performing a rendition of the [[Joni Mitchell]] song "[[Both Sides, Now]]" during the montage.<ref>{{cite web |first=Steve |last=Dove |url=http://oscar.go.com/news/oscar-news/oscars-in-memoriam-2017/?=AMPAS |title=Sara Bareilles performs In Memoriam tribute at 2017 Oscars |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |date=February 26, 2017 |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227231722/http://oscar.go.com/news/oscar-news/oscars-in-memoriam-2017/?=AMPAS |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Patrick |last=Shanley |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/sara-bareilles-s-memoriam-oscars-2017-performance-watch-980211 |title=Oscars: Sara Bareilles Performs Joni Mitchell's "Both Sides Now" During In Memoriam Segment |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=February 26, 2017 |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227151453/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/sara-bareilles-s-memoriam-oscars-2017-performance-watch-980211 |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref> Beforehand, Aniston paid verbal tribute to actor [[Bill Paxton]], who died the day before the ceremony. The segment paid tribute to:

{{div col}}

* [[Arthur Hiller]] – Director, Academy president 1993–1997 
* [[Ken Adam]] – Production designer
* [[Tracy Scott]] – Script supervisor
* [[Bill Nunn]] – Actor
* [[Alice Arlen]] – Screenwriter
* [[George Kennedy]] – Actor
* [[Gene Wilder]] – Actor, director, producer, screenwriter
* Donald P. Harris – Film executive
* [[Paul Sylbert]] – Production designer, set decorator
* [[Michael Cimino]] – Director, producer, screenwriter
* [[Andrzej Wajda]] – Theater director
* [[Patty Duke]] – Actress
* [[Garry Marshall]] – Actor, director, producer
* Wilma Baker – Animator
* [[Emmanuelle Riva]] – Actress
* [[Janet Patterson]] – Costume designer, production designer
* [[Anton Yelchin]] – Actor
* [[Mary Tyler Moore]] – Actress
* [[Prince (musician)|Prince]] – Singer-songwriter, record producer
* [[Kenny Baker (English actor)|Kenny Baker]] – Actor, musician
* [[John Hurt]] – Actor
* [[Jim Clark (film editor)|Jim Clark]] – Editor
* [[Norma Moriceau]] – Costume designer, production designer
* [[Fern Buchner]] – Makeup artist
* [[Kit West]] – Special effects artist
* [[Lupita Tovar]] – Actress
* [[Manlio Rocchetti]] – Makeup artist
* [[Pat Conroy]] – Author
* [[Nancy Reagan|Nancy Davis Reagan]] – Actress, [[First Lady of the United States]] 1981-89
* [[Abbas Kiarostami]] – Director, screenwriter, producer
* [[William Peter Blatty]] – Writer, filmmaker
* [[Ken Howard]] – Actor
* [[Tyrus Wong]] – Artist
* [[Héctor Babenco]] – Actor, director, producer
* [[Curtis Hanson]] – Director, producer, screenwriter
* [[Marni Nixon]] – Singer, actress
* [[Ray West]] – Sound engineer
* [[Raoul Coutard]] – Cinematographer
* [[Zsa Zsa Gabor]] – Actress, socialite
* [[Antony Gibbs]] – Editor
* [[Om Puri]] – Actor
* [[Andrea Jaffe]] – Publicist
* [[Richard Portman]] – Sound editor
* [[Debbie Reynolds]] – Actress, singer, humanitarian
* [[Carrie Fisher]] – Actress, writer, humorist

{{div col end}}

The slide for [[Janet Patterson]], an Australian costume designer, mistakenly used a photograph of Australian producer [[Jan Chapman]], who is still alive.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Samuelson |first=Kate |url=https://time.com/4683643/jan-chapman-in-memoriam-oscars/ |title='I Am Alive and Well.' Australian Producer Mistakenly Included in Oscars 'In Memoriam' Segment |magazine=Time |date=February 27, 2017 |access-date=February 27, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170227120121/http://time.com/4683643/jan-chapman-in-memoriam-oscars/ |archive-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>

==See also==

* [[22nd Critics' Choice Awards]]
* [[37th Golden Raspberry Awards]]
* [[59th Grammy Awards]]
* [[69th Primetime Emmy Awards]]
* [[70th British Academy Film Awards]]
* [[71st Tony Awards]]
* [[74th Golden Globe Awards]]
* [[List of submissions to the 89th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film]]

== Notes and references ==

=== Notes ===
{{reflist|group=N}}

=== References ===
{{reflist}}

== External links ==


'''Official websites'''
* {{Official website|http://oscar.go.com/|Academy Awards official website}}
* {{Official website|http://www.oscars.org/|The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences official website}}

'''News resources'''
* [https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-38680606 Oscars 2017] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310031722/http://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-38680606 |date=March 10, 2018 }} at [[BBC News]]
* [https://www.theguardian.com/film/oscars-2017 Oscars 2017] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228042547/https://www.theguardian.com/film/oscars-2017 |date=February 28, 2017 }} at ''[[The Guardian]]''

'''Analysis'''
* [https://www.imdb.com/awards-central/oscars Academy Awards, USA: 2017] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224173042/http://www.imdb.com/awards-central/oscars |date=December 24, 2016 }} [[IMDb]]
* [http://www.filmsite.org/aa2016.html 2016 Academy Awards winners and History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228075529/http://www.filmsite.org/aa2016.html |date=February 28, 2017 }} at the [[Filmsite.org]]

'''Other resources'''
* {{IMDb title||The Oscars (2017)}}

{{Academy Awards}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Academy Awards, 89}}
[[Category:2016 film awards]]
[[Category:2017 awards in the United States]]
[[Category:2017 controversies in the United States]]
[[Category:2017 in American cinema]]
[[Category:2017 in Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Academy Awards ceremonies]]
[[Category:February 2017 in the United States]]
[[Category:Television shows directed by Glenn Weiss]]
[[Category:2017 television specials]]

Pawan Kalyan

2026-02-24T10:36:09Z

Provastu6:

{{Short description|11th Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh since 2024}}
{{pp-blp|small=yes}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| office = 11th [[List of deputy chief ministers of Andhra Pradesh|Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh]]
| term_start = 12 June 2024
| 1blankname = [[Governor of Andhra Pradesh|Governor]]
| 1namedata = [[S. Abdul Nazeer]]
| 2blankname = [[Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh|Chief Minister]]
| 2namedata = [[N. Chandrababu Naidu]]
| predecessor = {{Collapsible list
|[[Budi Mutyala Naidu]]
|[[Kottu Satyanarayana]]
|[[Rajanna Dora Peedika]]
|[[Amzath Basha Shaik Bepari]]
|[[K. Narayana Swamy]]
}}
{{Collapsed infobox section begin|Additional ministries<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly/andhra-pradesh-council-of-ministers-full-list/article68288989.ece|title=Andhra Pradesh Council of Ministers: Full list|work=The Hindu|date=14 June 2024|access-date=15 June 2024}}</ref>}}
| term_start1 = 12 June 2024
| 3blankname1 = [[Fourth N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry|Ministry and Departments]]
| 3namedata1 = * Panchayat Raj
* Rural Development and Rural Water Supply
* Environment
* Forests
* Science and technology
| predecessor1 = * [[Budi Mutyala Naidu]] (as [[Ministry of Panchayat Raj and Rural Development|Minister of Panchayat Raj and Rural Development]])
* [[Peddireddy Ramachandra Reddy]] (as [[Ministry of Environment, Forest, Science and Technology|Minister of Environment, Forest, Science and Technology]])
{{Collapsed infobox section end}}
| office2 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member]] of [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency2 = [[Pithapuram Assembly constituency|Pithapuram]]
| predecessor2 = [[Pendem Dorababu]]
| term_start2 = 4 June 2024
| office3 = [[Janasena Party|President of the Janasena Party]]
| predecessor3 = ''Office established''
| term_start3 = 14 September 2014
| name = Pawan Kalyan
| image = Shri Konidela Pawan Kalyan.jpg
| caption = Kalyan as 2024
| birth_name = Konidela Kalyan Babu
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1971|9|02|df=yes}}{{Refn|name=born}}
| birth_place = [[Bapatla]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India
| spouse = {{ubl|Nandini ({{abbr|m.|married}}1997; {{abbr|sep.|separated}}1999; {{abbr|div.|divorced}} 2008)|{{marriage|[[Renu Desai]]|2009|2012|end=divorce}}|{{marriage|Anna Lezhneva|2013}}}}
| children = 4
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|politician}}
| party = [[Janasena Party]] (since 2014)
| relatives = See [[Konidela–Allu family]]
| otherparty = [[Praja Rajyam Party]] (2008–2011)
}}

'''Konidela Pawan Kalyan'''{{Refn|<ref name=":35">{{Cite web |title=Council of Ministers |url=https://www.ap.gov.in/#/government/councilofministers |website=Government of Andhra Pradesh |access-date=20 June 2024 |archive-date=5 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105194334/http://www.ap.gov.in/#/government/councilofministers |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2024 |title=డిప్యూటీ సీఎం పవన్ కల్యాణ్.. నేమ్ బోర్డు వైరల్.. |url=https://telugu.news18.com/photogallery/andhra-pradesh/pawan-kalyan-name-board-as-deputy-chief-minister-goes-viral-kmv-2505553.html |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=[[News18]] |language=te}}</ref>}} (born '''Konidela Kalyan Babu''';{{Refn|<ref name=":36">{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZSwCbpEVz0&t=528s |title=Pawan Kalyan Mother Konidela Anjana Devi Interview |date=2024-10-02 |publisher=[[TV5 (India)|TV5 News]] |time=8:48 to 9:06 |via=YouTube |access-date=2 October 2024 |archive-date=30 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130213421/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZSwCbpEVz0&t=528s |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="news18.com">{{Cite web |date=2024-10-04 |title=Pawan Kalyan's Mother Anjana Devi Reveals His 'Original' Name |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/pawan-kalyans-mother-anjana-devi-reveals-his-original-name-9073615.html |access-date=2024-10-05 |website=News18 |language=en |archive-date=5 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241005023113/https://www.news18.com/movies/pawan-kalyans-mother-anjana-devi-reveals-his-original-name-9073615.html |url-status=live }}</ref>}} 2 September 1971){{Refn|name=born}} is an Indian politician, actor, philanthropist, and martial artist serving as the [[List of deputy chief ministers of Andhra Pradesh|11th Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh]] since June 2024. He is also the [[Ministry of Panchayat Raj and Rural Development|Minister of Panchayat Raj, Rural Development and Rural Water Supply]]; [[Ministry of Environment, Forest, Science and Technology|Environment, Forest, Science and Technology]] in the [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]] as [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] representing the [[Pithapuram Assembly constituency|Pithapuram constituency]].'''<ref name=":35" />''' He is the founding president of the [[Janasena Party]].

As an actor, Kalyan is known for his distinctive style and mannerisms in [[Telugu cinema]]. He enjoys a huge fanbase across the [[Telugu states]], often described as "unfathomable," "fiercely loyal," and akin to a "cult following."{{Refn|<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |author=Vyas |date=2019-09-02 |title=A star with unfathomable craze - Pawan Kalyan |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/tollywood/a-star-with-unfathomable-craze--pawan-kalyan-560451 |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=[[The Hans India]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=DNA2016>{{Cite web |author=Latha Srinivasan |date=7 April 2016 |title=Here's what makes Pawan Kalyan the real Power Star! |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-what-makes-pawan-kalyan-the-real-power-star-2199220 |access-date=2024-07-31 |website=[[DNA India]] |language=en |archive-date=31 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240731185637/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-what-makes-pawan-kalyan-the-real-power-star-2199220 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |author=Hemanth Kumar C. R. |date=2017-03-23 |title=Powerstar Pawan Kalyan: From films to politics, what explains his hold over fans? |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/powerstar-pawan-kalyan-films-politics-what-explains-his-hold-over-fans-59103 |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=The News Minute |language=en |archive-date=21 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240721150814/https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/powerstar-pawan-kalyan-films-politics-what-explains-his-hold-over-fans-59103 |url-status=live }}</ref>}} He is among the highest-paid actors in [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]] and has been featured in ''[[Forbes India]]''{{'s}} Celebrity 100 list multiple times since 2012.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-06-01 |title=Is Pawan Kalyan joining the league of top Indian actors with his massive remuneration for Sujeeth's 'OG'? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/is-pawan-kalyan-joining-the-league-of-top-indian-actors-with-his-massive-remuneration-for-sujeeths-og/articleshow/100670977.cms |access-date=2024-07-30 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |quote=In an unprecedented move, Pawan Kalyan is set to receive a staggering Rs.100 crores for his role in 'OG'. This achievement catapults him into the elite league of Indian actors earning remunerations exceeding Rs. 100 crores. |archive-date=3 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703103414/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/is-pawan-kalyan-joining-the-league-of-top-indian-actors-with-his-massive-remuneration-for-sujeeths-og/articleshow/100670977.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>{{Refn|<ref>{{Cite web |title=2012 Celebrity 100 - Forbes India Magazine |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/lists/2012-celebrity-100/1395/all |access-date=2024-07-31 |website=Forbes India |language=en |archive-date=15 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215010208/https://www.forbesindia.com/lists/2012-celebrity-100/1395/all |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://forbesindia.com/celebprofile/pawan-kalyan/52 |title=Pawan Kalyan – 2013 Celebrity 100|access-date=|website=Forbes India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924062405/http://forbesindia.com/celebprofile/pawan-kalyan/52|archive-date=24 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.forbesindia.com/lists/2017-celebrity-100/1665/all? |title=2017 Celebrity 100 – Forbes India Magazine|access-date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711185628/http://www.forbesindia.com/lists/2017-celebrity-100/1665/all|archive-date=11 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=2018 Celebrity 100 |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/lists/2018-celebrity-100/1735/all |website=Forbes India |access-date=31 July 2024 |archive-date=10 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210225537/https://www.forbesindia.com/lists/2018-celebrity-100/1735/all |url-status=live }}</ref>}} He is the recipient of a [[Filmfare Awards South|Filmfare Award]] and a [[South Indian International Movie Awards|SIIMA Award]] among [[Pawan Kalyan#Awards and nominations|other accolades]].

Kalyan made his acting debut in the 1996 film ''[[Akkada Ammayi Ikkada Abbayi]]''. Then, he had a streak of six consecutive hits, among which [[Tholi Prema (1998 film)|''Tholi Prema'']] (1998), ''[[Thammudu]]'' (1999), ''[[Badri (2000 film)|Badri]]'' (2000), and ''[[Kushi (2001 film)|Kushi]]'' (2001) became back-to-back blockbusters. These films established Kalyan as a youth icon with a massive following distinct from his elder brother [[Chiranjeevi]]'s fanbase.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> In 2001, he became the first ever South Indian brand ambassador for [[Pepsi]].{{Refn|<ref name="cola wars" /><ref name="The Times of India">{{Cite news |date=2020-09-02 |title=Pawan Kalyan turns 49: From a martial artist to an ardent admirer of Che Guevara, riveting facts of Power Star |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyan-turns-49-from-a-martial-artist-to-an-ardent-admirer-of-che-guevara-riveting-facts-of-power-star/photostory/77869416.cms?picid=77869448 |access-date=2024-07-31 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |quote=Following his hat-trick blockbusters 'Thammudu', 'Badri' and 'Kushi', several multinational companies queued before Pawan to get their products promoted. In the process, the 'Vakeel Saab' actor became one among first South Indian actors to endorse a popular cola brand. |archive-date=31 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240731191136/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyan-turns-49-from-a-martial-artist-to-an-ardent-admirer-of-che-guevara-riveting-facts-of-power-star/photostory/77869416.cms?picid=77869448 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-13 |title=Did Pawan Kalyan Charge Over Rs 1 Crore In 2001 For Pepsi Ad? |url=https://www.news18.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/did-pawan-kalyan-charge-over-rs-1-crore-in-2001-for-pepsi-ad-7810597.html |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>}} Kalyan later faced a slump, yet his popularity kept soaring despite the flops.{{Refn|<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Adivi |first=Sashidhar |date=2024-06-12 |title=Power Star Pawan Kalyan's Inspiring Journey From Movies to Janasena Leader and AP Deputy CM |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/telugu/from-film-star-to-minister-pawan-kalyans-inspiring-journey-article-110930522 |access-date=2024-07-31 |website=[[Times Now]] |language=en |quote=What’s interesting to see is that Pawan’s stardom kept growing with each film irrespective of the result. The actor also indulged in several social and philanthropic activities that brought him closer to his fans.}}</ref>}} He made a comeback with ''[[Jalsa]]'' (2008), the highest-grossing Telugu film of that year, and continued with hits like ''[[Gabbar Singh (film)|Gabbar Singh]]'' (2012), ''[[Attarintiki Daredi]]'' (2013), ''[[Gopala Gopala (2015 film)|Gopala Gopala]]'' (2015), and ''[[Bheemla Nayak]]'' (2022). He received the [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Filmfare Award for Best Actor]] for ''Gabbar Singh''. Both ''Kushi'' and ''Attarintiki Daredi'' held the record for the highest-grossing Telugu film of its era.<ref>{{Cite web |author=S. Hari Prasad |date=18 April 2024 |title=Most Industry hits telugu hero: కెరీర్లో ఎక్కువ ఇండస్ట్రీ హిట్స్ అందుకున్న తెలుగు హీరోలు వీళ్లే.. టాప్‌లో మెగాస్టార్ |url=https://telugu.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-hero-with-most-industry-hits-chiranjeevi-on-top-anr-ntr-prabhas-allu-arjun-balakrishna-in-the-list-121713439405225.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526124435/https://telugu.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-hero-with-most-industry-hits-chiranjeevi-on-top-anr-ntr-prabhas-allu-arjun-balakrishna-in-the-list-121713439405225.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 May 2024 |access-date=2024-08-19 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=te}}</ref>

Kalyan holds a [[Black belt (martial arts)|black belt]] in [[Karate]].<ref name="forbes profile" /> In 1997, he was awarded the title "Pawan" by the [[Isshin-ryū]] Karate Association after a public martial arts demonstration.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=2021-07-15 |title=When Kalyan Turned Pawan Kalyan |url=https://www.m9.news/movienews/when-kalyan-turned-pawan-kalyan/ |access-date=2024-07-31 |website=M9 News |language=en-US}}</ref> He practices various martial arts, which he regularly showcases in his films both as a performer and an [[Stage combat|action choreographer]]. He is known as the "Power Star" among his fans and the media.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-04 |title=How Pawan Kalyan backed the winning horse in Andhra |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/pawan-kalyan-tdp-andhra-pradesh-naidu-9371744/ |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802082641/https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/pawan-kalyan-tdp-andhra-pradesh-naidu-9371744/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Kalyan is also recognized for his extensive philanthropic work, supporting various social causes.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=2017-09-26 |title=Pawan to be awarded for his philanthropic work |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2017-09-26/Pawan-to-be-awarded-for-his-philanthropic-work/329115 |access-date=2023-05-05 |website=[[The Hans India]] |language=en |archive-date=5 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505185303/https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2017-09-26/Pawan-to-be-awarded-for-his-philanthropic-work/329115 |url-status=live }}</ref> He has offered financial assistance to both individuals and organizations in need. In 2007, he established the charity Common Man Protection Force.{{Refn|<ref name="R G Vijayasarathy"/><ref name=JAC>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/pawan-moots-jac-of-displaced-farmers/article24355013.ece |title=Pawan moots JAC of displaced farmers |date=7 July 2018 |work=The Hindu |access-date=30 January 2019 |issn=0971-751X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710035646/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/pawan-moots-jac-of-displaced-farmers/article24355013.ece |archive-date=10 July 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>}}

In March 2014, Pawan Kalyan founded the [[Janasena Party]] (JSP). Although he chose not to contest the 2014 elections, his support and campaigns were pivotal in securing victory for the [[Telugu Desam Party|TDP]]-[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] alliance in [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref name=":17">{{Cite news |date=2014-12-11 |title=Pawan Kalyan's Janasena gets Election Commission's approval |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/pawan-kalyans-janasena-gets-election-commissions-approval/article6682344.ece |access-date=2024-08-04 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |quote=The 43-year-old star had campaigned extensively in support of the TDP-BJP combine in undivided Andhra Pradesh for the general elections earlier this year. His campaign is believed to be one of the key factors in the success of the TDP-BJP combine in the elections. |archive-date=8 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008112451/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/pawan-kalyans-janasena-gets-election-commissions-approval/article6682344.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> He later brought national attention to the [[Uddanam nephropathy|chronic kidney disease]] crisis in [[Uddanam]],<ref name=":15">{{Cite news |date=2017-12-16 |title=Uddanam kidney disease remains medical enigma despite research |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/uddanam-kidney-disease-remains-medical-enigma-despite-research/articleshow/62090012.cms |access-date=2024-08-01 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |quote=Though people in Uddanam have been suffering from kidney diseases of unknown cause (etiology) for decades, the village shot into prominence in January this year when Jana Sena leader and actor Pawan Kalyan took up the cause. His diatribe against the authorities forced the state government to seek the help of international health and medical experts. |archive-date=1 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801122426/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/uddanam-kidney-disease-remains-medical-enigma-despite-research/articleshow/62090012.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> and led protests against forced land acquisition,<ref name="JAC" /> and illegal mining in [[Reserved forests and protected forests of India|reserved forests]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-06-12 |title=Pawan Kalyan: The star who struggled and turned into a storm |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/pawan-kalyan-the-star-who-struggled-and-turned-into-a-storm/articleshow/110940570.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2024-08-02 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802184652/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/pawan-kalyan-the-star-who-struggled-and-turned-into-a-storm/articleshow/110940570.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2019, JSP contested its first elections, winning one [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] seat with around 6% of the vote. Following this, Kalyan and JSP focused on issues such as farmer welfare, illegal sand mining, women's safety, and land encroachment. In 2023, he launched a state-wide tour in his customized vehicle 'Varahi' to connect with voters. In the 2024 elections, Kalyan played a key role in forming an alliance between JSP, TDP, and BJP, which led to a landslide victory.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-08 |title=Pawan Kalyan: The Unrivaled Visionary Who Revolutionized Indian Political Strategy And Achieved Historic Triumph |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/hub4business/pawan-kalyan-the-unrivaled-visionary-who-revolutionized-indian-political-strategy-and-achieved-historic-triumph |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]] |language=en |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802082641/https://www.outlookindia.com/hub4business/pawan-kalyan-the-unrivaled-visionary-who-revolutionized-indian-political-strategy-and-achieved-historic-triumph |url-status=live }}</ref> Janasena won each of the 21 MLA seats and 2 [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]] seats it contested. Kalyan was elected from the [[Pithapuram Assembly constituency|Pithapuram constituency]] by a margin of over 70,000 votes, subsequently becoming the deputy chief minister.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Srikanth |first=S. Guru |date=2024-06-05 |title=Pawan Kalyan scripts political blockbuster |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2024/Jun/05/pawan-kalyan-scripts-political-blockbuster |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=1 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801122426/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2024/Jun/05/pawan-kalyan-scripts-political-blockbuster |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Early life ==
Pawan Kalyan was born as Konidela Kalyan Babu{{Refn|<ref name=":36"/><ref name="news18.com"/><ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7YFTACgZqzY&t=284s |title=Rudraveena Telugu Full Length HD Movie |publisher=Tollywood Box Office |time=4:44 |via=YouTube |access-date=13 October 2024 |archive-date=3 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203174811/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7YFTACgZqzY&t=284s |url-status=live }}</ref>}} on 2 September 1971{{Refn|<ref>{{Cite web|last=K.|first=Janani|date=2 September 2021|title=Pawan Kalyan turns 50. Allu Arjun to Rakul Preet, celebs wish him on his birthday|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/pawan-kalyan-turns-50-allu-arjun-to-rakul-preet-celebs-wish-him-on-his-birthday-1848246-2021-09-02|website=India Today|access-date=2 September 2021|archive-date=2 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902074513/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/pawan-kalyan-turns-50-allu-arjun-to-rakul-preet-celebs-wish-him-on-his-birthday-1848246-2021-09-02|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=2 September 2021|title='Bheemla Nayak' title song for Pawan Kalyan's birthday|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/bheemla-nayak-title-song-for-pawan-kalyans-birthday/article36248035.ece|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=29 September 2021|access-date=2 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929123933/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/bheemla-nayak-title-song-for-pawan-kalyans-birthday/article36248035.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2 September 2021|title=Happy Birthday Pawan Kalyan: Chiranjeevi, Ravi Teja, Allu Arjun and others wish Bheemla Nayak actor|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/happy-birthday-pawan-kalyan-chiranjeevi-ravi-teja-allu-arjun-and-others-wish-bheemla-nayak-actor-7484084/|website=The Indian Express|access-date=2 October 2021|archive-date=29 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929123936/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/happy-birthday-pawan-kalyan-chiranjeevi-ravi-teja-allu-arjun-and-others-wish-bheemla-nayak-actor-7484084/|url-status=live}}</ref>|name=born}} in a [[Telugu people|Telugu]] family to Konidela Venkata Rao and Anjana Devi in [[Bapatla]], [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite news|date=25 December 2007|title=Leaders console Chiranjeevi|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai, India|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/25/stories/2007122557400400.htm|url-status=dead|access-date=27 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120607160148/http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/25/stories/2007122557400400.htm|archive-date=7 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=19 March 2018|title=Pawan Kalyan for end to caste culture|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2018-03-18/Pawan-Kalyan-for-end-to-caste-culture/367397|website=[[The Hans India]]|access-date=2 September 2021|archive-date=2 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902074514/https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2018-03-18/Pawan-Kalyan-for-end-to-caste-culture/367397|url-status=live}}</ref> Venkata Rao worked as an excise [[Constable|police constable]] and was transferred on a regular basis.

Kalyan was educated at the St. Joseph's High School in [[Nellore]] and later in [[Chennai|Madras]] (now Chennai).<ref>{{cite news |date=5 June 2024 |title=Pawan Kalyan's Education Qualification, Leader Who Secured a Historic Win After 10 Years |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/web-stories/india/pawan-kalyans-education-qualification-leader-who-secured-a-historic-win-after-10-years/photostory/110741464.cms |work=Times Now |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606124132/https://www.timesnownews.com/web-stories/india/pawan-kalyans-education-qualification-leader-who-secured-a-historic-win-after-10-years/photostory/110741464.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1997, he was awarded the title "Pawan" by the [[Isshin-ryū]] Karate Association after a public martial arts demonstration.<ref name=":5" /> He also holds a [[black belt (martial arts)|black belt]] in [[Karate]].<ref name="forbes profile">{{cite news |url=http://forbesindia.com/celebprofile/pawan-kalyan/52 |title=Pawan Kalyan – Forbes India Magazine |date=31 October 2013 |work=Forbes |access-date=20 July 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924062405/http://forbesindia.com/celebprofile/pawan-kalyan/52 |archive-date=24 September 2014}}</ref>

== Acting career ==

=== 1996–1997: Early work ===
Kalyan made his acting debut in 1996 with ''[[Akkada Ammayi Ikkada Abbayi]]'' directed by [[E. V. V. Satyanarayana]].<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=1 September 2018 |title=Birthday Special: Power Star Pawan Kalyan! How the actor got his big break and became successful |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/photo-features/birthday-special-power-star-pawan-kalyan-how-the-actor-got-his-big-break-and-became-successful/photostory/65637154.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116005707/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/photo-features/birthday-special-power-star-pawan-kalyan-how-the-actor-got-his-big-break-and-became-successful/photostory/65637154.cms |archive-date=16 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> It was produced by [[Allu Aravind]] under Geeta Arts Banner, and co-starred Supriya Yarlagadda, granddaughter of [[Akkineni Nageswara Rao]]. The film employed a unique marketing campaign prior to its release. Initially, posters featuring Kalyan were released with the question, "Who is this guy?". Later, before the film's release, posters declaring "This is our Kalyan" further heightened audience interest.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-11 |title=Akkada Ammayi Ikkada Abbayi 25 Years: 'అక్కడ అమ్మాయి ఇక్కడ అబ్బాయి' సినిమా 25 ఏళ్ళు పూర్తి |url=https://telugu.news18.com/photogallery/movies/power-star-pawan-kalyan-debut-movie-akkada-ammayi-ikkada-abbayi-completed-25-years-and-here-behind-story-pk-1055070.html |access-date=2024-08-10 |website=News18 తెలుగు |language=te |archive-date=10 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810203152/https://telugu.news18.com/photogallery/movies/power-star-pawan-kalyan-debut-movie-akkada-ammayi-ikkada-abbayi-completed-25-years-and-here-behind-story-pk-1055070.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Released in October 1996, the film was a moderate success at the box-office.<ref name=":7"/> Kalyan’s performance and [[martial arts]] skills received significant attention.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-11 |title=పాతికేళ్ళ 'అక్కడ అమ్మాయి- ఇక్కడ అబ్బాయి' |url=https://ntvtelugu.com/movie-news/akkada-ammayi-ikkada-abbayi-completes-25-years-66831.html |access-date=2024-08-10 |website=[[NTV (India)|NTV]] |language=te-IN |archive-date=10 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810203154/https://ntvtelugu.com/movie-news/akkada-ammayi-ikkada-abbayi-completes-25-years-66831.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

His second film ''[[Gokulamlo Seeta]]'' (1997)'','' a drama film released the following year.<ref name="Namasthe Telangana">{{Cite web |title=ప‌వ‌న్ క‌ళ్యాణ్‌ను ఫ‌స్ట్ టైం ప‌వ‌ర్ స్టార్ అని ఎవ‌రు పిలిచారో తెలుసా ! [Do you know who called Pawan Kalyan Power Star first !] |url=https://www.ntnews.com/cinema/posani-krishna-murali-who-called-pawan-kalyan-as-power-star-273657/ |work=Namasthe Telangana |date=27 October 2021 |language=te |access-date=3 August 2024 |archive-date=6 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206105158/https://www.ntnews.com/cinema/posani-krishna-murali-who-called-pawan-kalyan-as-power-star-273657 |url-status=live }}</ref> It was directed by [[Muthyala Subbaiah]] and starred Kalyan alongside [[Mantra (actress)|Raasi]] and [[Harish Kumar (actor)|Harish]]. In the film, Kalyan plays a spoiled rich youth who transforms his reckless ways and fights against societal and familial opposition to win his love. ''Gokulamlo Seeta'' was the first film where Kalyan was credited as 'Pawan Kalyan' after he was awarded the title "Pawan" in March 1997.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dtg1RbZDpUk&t=20s |title=Gokulamlo Seetha Full Length Movie {{!}}{{!}} Pawan Kalyan, Raasi |date=2017-02-22 |time=0:20 |access-date=2024-08-03 |via=YouTube |archive-date=3 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240803120104/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dtg1RbZDpUk&t=20s |url-status=live }}</ref> It was a commercial success.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |author=Vijayalaxmi |date=15 May 2003 |title=Johnny sinks, but Pawan Kalyan remains afloat |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/may/17pawan.htm |work=Rediff |access-date=3 August 2024 |archive-date=29 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429044728/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/may/17pawan.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

Kalyan's third film was ''[[Suswagatham]]'' (1998) directed by [[Bhimaneni Srinivasa Rao]] and produced by [[R. B. Choudary]] under the [[Super Good Films]] banner. It starred Kalyan and [[Devayani (actress)|Devayani]] (in her [[Telugu language|Telugu]] debut), with music composed by [[S. A. Rajkumar]].<ref name=":7" /> Kalyan was first credited with the title ''Power Star'' in this film.<ref name="Namasthe Telangana"/><ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwdC7TGACSk&t=41s |title=Suswagatham Full Length Telugu movie {{!}}{{!}} Pawan Kalyan, Devayani |date=2013-11-19 |access-date=2024-08-03 |via=YouTube |archive-date=3 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240803120959/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwdC7TGACSk&t=41s |url-status=live }}</ref> In the film, Kalyan played a young man who loses everything due to his blind love for a girl. His performance in the film was critically acclaimed. ''Suswagatham'' sowed the seeds for Kalyan's rise to stardom. The film became a super hit at the box office.<ref name=":8" />

=== 1998–2001: Success streak and stardom ===
Kalyan's next film was [[Tholi Prema (1998 film)|''Tholi Prema'']] (1998), directed by [[A. Karunakaran]] and co-starring [[Keerthi Reddy]] with music by [[Deva (composer)|Deva]]. Karunakaran saw Pawan Kalyan's photo on a Telugu film magazine cover in [[Chennai]] and thought he was perfect for the lead in his romantic film. After sharing the script with Kalyan, Kalyan introduced him to producer [[G. V. G. Raju]], who had worked with him on ''Gokulamlo Seeta''.<ref>{{Cite web |author=M. L. Narasimham |date=23 October 1998 |title=Evolving a style of his own |url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GPoKNKNXgAAUVJV?format=jpg&name=large |access-date=2024-07-28 |website=[[The Hindu]] |via=Ghostarchive |archive-date=28 July 2024 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20240728130717/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GPoKNKNXgAAUVJV?format=jpg&name=large |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> The film was a major hit, launching Kalyan into stardom and becoming a classic romantic film in Telugu cinema.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Hemanth Kumar CR |date=2018-02-08 |title=Tholi Prema: Pawan Kalyan-Keerthi Reddy's romantic classic continues to inspire filmmakers even after 20 years |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/tholi-prema-pawan-kalyan-keerthi-reddys-romantic-classic-continues-to-inspire-filmmakers-even-after-20-years-4341755.html |access-date=2024-07-26 |website=Firstpost |language=en-us |archive-date=31 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131044637/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/tholi-prema-pawan-kalyan-keerthi-reddys-romantic-classic-continues-to-inspire-filmmakers-even-after-20-years-4341755.html |url-status=live }}</ref> It won the [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu]], six state [[Nandi Awards]], and was featured at the [[30th International Film Festival of India]]. The film was remade in Kannada as ''[[Preethsu Thappenilla]]'' (2000) and in Hindi as ''[[Mujhe Kucch Kehna Hai]]'' (2001).<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 31, 2016 |title=I haven't yet done a dance film: Tusshar Kapoor |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/interview-i-haven-t-yet-done-a-dance-film-tusshar-kapoor-2218135 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318081648/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/interview-i-haven-t-yet-done-a-dance-film-tusshar-kapoor-2218135 |archive-date=18 March 2020 |access-date=18 March 2020 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref>

In November 1998, there were reports of Kalyan collaborating with Malayalam director [[Fazil (director)|Fazil]] for a project to be produced by [[G. V. G. Raju]], who had earlier produced ''Tholi Prema''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 November 1998 |title=ఫాజిల్ దర్శకత్వంలో పవన్ కళ్యాణ్? |url=http://www.zaminryot.com/pdf/1998/Nov/13-Nov-1998.pdf |website=[[Zameen Ryot]] |pages=9 |language=te |access-date=29 July 2024 |archive-date=20 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240720013027/https://zaminryot.com/pdf/1998/Nov/13-Nov-1998.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> However, his next film turned out to be ''[[Thammudu]]'', where he played the role of a [[Kickboxing|kickboxer]]. Released in July 1999, ''Thammudu'' was written and directed by [[P. A. Arun Prasad]].<ref name=":02">{{Cite news |date=15 July 2021 |title=Pawan Kalyan fans celebrate 22 years of 'Thammudu'; call it one of the most memorable films |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyan-fans-celebrate-22-years-of-thammudu-call-it-one-of-the-most-memorable-films/articleshow/84433085.cms |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> The film collected a distributor share of ₹9.25–9.46 crore, emerging as a blockbuster and generating a profit of over ₹4 crores for buyers.<ref name=":25">{{Cite web |date=2021-07-15 |title=పవన్ కళ్యాణ్ బ్లాక్ బస్టర్ తమ్ముడు సినిమాకు 22 ఏళ్లు |url=https://www.ntnews.com/cinema/power-star-pawan-kalyan-thammudu-movie-completed-22-years-in-tollywood-145150 |access-date=2024-08-11 |website=[[Namasthe Telangana]] |language=te}}</ref> It became the second-highest-grossing film in the [[Telangana|Nizam]] region after ''[[Choodalani Vundi]]'' (1998).<ref name=":25" /> Kalyan's performance as a youth competing in a kickboxing contest was widely acclaimed.<ref name=":02" /> The film's success led to it being remade in Tamil as ''[[Badri (2001 film)|Badri]]'' (2001), in Kannada as ''[[Yuvaraja (film)|Yuvaraja]]'' (2001) and in Bengali as ''[[Champion (2003 film)|Champion]]'' (2003).<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-06-09 |title=Pawan Kalyan's 1999 hit 'Thammudu' to re-release in theaters: Report |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyans-1999-hit-thammudu-to-re-release-in-theaters-report/articleshow/110826118.cms |access-date=2024-08-10 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

Next, Kalyan acted in [[Puri Jagannadh]]'s first directorial venture, ''[[Badri (2000 film)|Badri]]'' (2000). It starred debutants [[Ameesha Patel]] and [[Renu Desai]] (whom he would later marry). It was produced by [[T. Trivikrama Rao]] and the music was composed by [[Ramana Gogula]].<ref>{{cite web |date=20 April 2000 |title=Movie Review - Badri |url=http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-badri.html |access-date=4 March 2021 |work=[[Idlebrain.com]] |archive-date=30 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530210744/http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-badri.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The film became a blockbuster at the box office. ''Badri'' played a crucial role in expanding Pawan Kalyan's appeal from class audiences, who admired his earlier hits to a broader mass audience.<ref name=":24">{{Cite web |date=20 April 2023 |title=23YrsOfBlockBusterBadri: పవన్ కల్యాణ్ 'బద్రి' గురించి ఈ విషయం తెలుసా? |url=https://www.chitrajyothy.com/2023/viral/power-star-pawan-kalyan-badri-movie-completes-23-years-kbk-44250.html |website=Chitrajyothy |publisher=[[Andhra Jyothi]] |language=te |access-date=11 August 2024 |archive-date=11 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240811081454/https://www.chitrajyothy.com/2023/viral/power-star-pawan-kalyan-badri-movie-completes-23-years-kbk-44250.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The intense scenes between Pawan Kalyan and Prakash Raj remain a significant highlight in Pawan's career.<ref name=":24" /> The film's dialogues and songs were huge hits with the youth. The line "Nuvvu Nanda aithe nenu Badri Badrinath" and songs like "Ye Chikitha" and "Bangala Kathamlo" continued to be popular even after two decades.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-20 |title=పవన్ కళ్యాణ్ బ్లాక్ బస్టర్‌ 'బద్రి'కి 23 యేళ్లు పూర్తి.. సాధించిన రికార్డులు ఇవే.. |url=https://telugu.news18.com/photogallery/movies/pawan-kalyan-blockbluster-badri-movie-completes-23-years-here-are-the-total-collections-ta-1746176.html |access-date=2024-08-10 |website=News18 తెలుగు |language=te |archive-date=10 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810204945/https://telugu.news18.com/photogallery/movies/pawan-kalyan-blockbluster-badri-movie-completes-23-years-here-are-the-total-collections-ta-1746176.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Badri'' was later remade in [[Hindi]] as ''[[Shart: The Challenge]]'' (2004).<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2020 |title=2 Decades of Blockbuster Badri: 5 facts about the film that unbelievably interesting |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/2-decades-of-blockbuster-badri-5-facts-about-the-film-that-unbelievably-interesting/photostory/75248675.cms |website=The Times of India |via= |access-date=10 August 2024 |archive-date=12 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912030925/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/2-decades-of-blockbuster-badri-5-facts-about-the-film-that-unbelievably-interesting/photostory/75248675.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

Kalyan's next film was ''[[Kushi (2001 film)|Kushi]]'' (2001) co-starring [[Bhumika Chawla|Bhumika]]. It was directed by [[S. J. Suryah|S. J. Surya]] and produced by [[A. M. Rathnam]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-04-27 |title=Pawan Kalyan's Kushi completes 19 years of release; trending big-time on social media |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyans-kushi-completes-19-years-of-release-trending-big-time-on-social-media/articleshow/75401347.cms |access-date=2023-05-05 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=1 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101002235/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyans-kushi-completes-19-years-of-release-trending-big-time-on-social-media/articleshow/75401347.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Mani Sharma]] provided the score and soundtrack. Kalyan also [[Stage combat|choreographed]] all the action sequences in the film. Initially begun in 1999 as a bilingual along with its Tamil version, also titled ''[[Kushi (2000 film)|Kushi]]'' (2000), the Telugu version was delayed due to Kalyan's prior commitment to ''Badri''.{{Refn|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8KTDJrPmic&t=308s |title=Producer AM Ratnam Exclusive Interview {{!}} Kushi Teravenuka Kathalu |date=2022-12-28 |author=Rajesh Manne |language=te |time=5:08 to 6:26 |access-date=2024-07-20 |via=YouTube |archive-date=21 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240721123525/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8KTDJrPmic&t=308s |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8KTDJrPmic&t=453s |title=Producer AM Ratnam Exclusive Interview {{!}} Kushi Teravenuka Kathalu |date=2022-12-28 |author=Rajesh Manne |language=te |time=7:33 to 8:58 |access-date=2024-07-20 |via=YouTube |archive-date=7 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907054431/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8KTDJrPmic&t=453s |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2001 |title=Ready for release - Kushi |url=https://www.idlebrain.com/movie/coming/kushi.html |access-date=2024-07-11 |website=[[Idlebrain.com]] |archive-date=7 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907054403/https://www.idlebrain.com/movie/coming/kushi.html |url-status=live }}</ref>}} It was a blockbuster at the box office and went on to become the [[List of highest-grossing Telugu films|highest-grossing Telugu film ever]] at the time.{{Refn|<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 April 2020 |title=Pawan Kalyan's Kushi completes 19 years of release; trending big-time on social media |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyans-kushi-completes-19-years-of-release-trending-big-time-on-social-media/articleshow/75401347.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101002235/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyans-kushi-completes-19-years-of-release-trending-big-time-on-social-media/articleshow/75401347.cms |archive-date=1 November 2021 |access-date=2021-11-01 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref name="red">{{Cite web |author=Vijayalaxmi |date=15 May 2003 |title=Johnny sinks, but Pawan Kalyan remains afloat |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/may/17pawan.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429044728/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/may/17pawan.htm |archive-date=29 April 2021 |access-date=2021-04-29 |website=[[Rediff]]}}</ref>}} The film was critically acclaimed for its screenplay, music, cinematography and especially the performance of Pawan Kalyan.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=2021-04-27 |title=Kushi : పవర్‌స్టార్ పవన్ కళ్యాణ్ కల్ట్ క్లాసికల్ 'ఖుషి' @ 20 |url=https://10tv.in/latest/pawan-kalyan-evergreen-blockbuster-kushi-completed-20-years-218363.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512203751/https://10tv.in/latest/pawan-kalyan-evergreen-blockbuster-kushi-completed-20-years-218363.html |archive-date=12 May 2021 |access-date=2021-05-12 |website=[[10TV]] |language=te}}</ref> ''Kushi'' was the culmination of a streak of six consecutive hits for Pawan Kalyan and his style, mannerisms and dialogues from the film were much imitated by the youth.<ref name=":12" />

The four consecutive blockbuster hits—''Tholi Prema'', ''Thammudu'', ''Badri'', and ''Kushi''—had a [[Cult following|cult status]] among youth at the turn of the millennium.{{Refn|<ref name=":2"/><ref name=DNA2016/><ref name=":3"/>}} Pawan Kalyan became a youth icon, setting trends in action sequences, style, and fashion. These films gave him a massive fanbase, distinct from his elder brother Chiranjeevi's.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> In 2001, Kalyan became the first South Indian brand ambassador for [[Pepsi]], while Chiranjeevi promoted [[Coca-Cola]].<ref name="cola wars">{{cite news |date=18 April 2001 |title=Colas take war into Telugu film home |url=http://www.hindu.com/businessline/catalyst/2001/04/19/stories/1919a051.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727094059/http://www.hindu.com/businessline/catalyst/2001/04/19/stories/1919a051.htm |archive-date=27 July 2014 |access-date=18 July 2014 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>{{Refn|<ref name="cola wars" /><ref name="The Times of India"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-13 |title=Did Pawan Kalyan Charge Over Rs 1 Crore In 2001 For Pepsi Ad? |url=https://www.news18.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/did-pawan-kalyan-charge-over-rs-1-crore-in-2001-for-pepsi-ad-7810597.html |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=News18 |language=en |archive-date=29 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240729192748/https://www.news18.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/did-pawan-kalyan-charge-over-rs-1-crore-in-2001-for-pepsi-ad-7810597.html |url-status=live }}</ref>}}

=== 2002–2007: Directorial debut and career fluctuations ===
Kalyan's next film was ''[[Johnny (2003 film)|Johnny]]'' (2003), which he wrote, directed, and starred in alongside [[Renu Desai]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=2003-04-28 |title=Tedious fare |url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/04/28/stories/2003042801100400.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030730095640/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/04/28/stories/2003042801100400.htm |archive-date=2003-07-30 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> Produced by Allu Aravind with music by Ramana Gogula, the [[martial arts film]] featured Kalyan as a coach who fights to fund his wife's cancer treatment.<ref name=":04">{{Cite web |title=Movie Review - Johnny |url=https://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-johnny.html |access-date=2024-07-28 |website=[[Idlebrain.com]] |archive-date=28 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240728154246/https://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-johnny.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Johnny'' had the highest theatrical distribution rights of {{Indian Rupee}}21 [[crore]] for a [[Telugu cinema|Telugu film]] at the time<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |author=Vijayalaxmi |date=23 April 2003 |title=Pawan Kalyan sets a record |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/apr/23pawan.htm |access-date=2024-07-28 |website=[[Rediff.com]] |archive-date=28 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240728081239/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/apr/23pawan.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> and was released with over 250 prints worldwide.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-04-28 |title=Pawan Kalyan and Renu Desai's Johnny completes 17 Years today |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyan-and-renu-desais-johnny-completes-17-years-today/photostory/75373720.cms |access-date=2024-07-28 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |quote=Its most significant accomplishment was being the first Telugu movie to be released with over 250 prints worldwide, including the United States. |archive-date=3 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203191507/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyan-and-renu-desais-johnny-completes-17-years-today/photostory/75373720.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=2019-09-02 |title=Pawan Kalyan Birthday: As Actor Turns 48, Here are 5 of His Best Films |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/pawan-kalyan-birthday-as-actor-turns-48-here-are-5-of-his-best-films-2293883.html |access-date=2024-07-28 |website=News18 |language=en |quote=Johnny became the first ever Telugu film to be released with over 250 prints worldwide including the United States. Johnny was screened at the International Film Festival of India (IFFI). |archive-date=28 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240728154244/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/pawan-kalyan-birthday-as-actor-turns-48-here-are-5-of-his-best-films-2293883.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Kalyan's clean-shaven look was a departure from his usual style which disappointed many fans.<ref name=":27">{{Cite news |date=2020-09-02 |title=From Akkada Ammayi Ikkada Abbayi to Vakeel Saab, decoding Pawan Kalyan's fashion choices and signature moustache |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/from-akkada-ammayi-ikkada-abbayi-to-vakeel-saab-decoding-pawan-kalyans-fashion-choices-and-signature-moustache/articleshow/77893589.cms |access-date=2024-08-11 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=11 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240811145756/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/from-akkada-ammayi-ikkada-abbayi-to-vakeel-saab-decoding-pawan-kalyans-fashion-choices-and-signature-moustache/articleshow/77893589.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite being Pawan Kalyan's first flop after six consecutive hits, the film was praised for its stylish and grounded [[Stage combat|action choreography]].<ref name=":43">{{Cite web |last=Padhi |first=Sandeep |date=2021-05-23 |title=The Action In Pawan Kalyan's Johnny |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/readers-articles/johnny-telugu-movie-pawan-kalyan-the-action |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=[[Film Companion]] |language=en |archive-date=1 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801193138/https://www.filmcompanion.in/readers-articles/johnny-telugu-movie-pawan-kalyan-the-action |url-status=live }}</ref> Kalyan's styling from the film became a trend, with ''Johnny'' T-shirts, [[Kerchief|bandanas]], [[armband]]s, and caps becoming very popular.<ref name=":26">{{Cite news |date=26 May 2012 |title=Some 'power' dressing this! |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/some-power-dressing-this/articleshow/13485927.cms |access-date=2024-08-11 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> It was also screened at the [[International Film Festival of India]].<ref name=":22" />

In 2004, his film ''[[Gudumba Shankar]]'' was released. The film was directed by [[Veera Shankar Bairisetty|Veera Shankar]] and produced by Kalyan's older brother [[Nagendra Babu]] under [[Anjana Productions]] banner.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |date=2018-09-10 |title='Gudumba Shankar' completes 14 years: Take a look at the highlights of the Pawan Kalyan starrer |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/photo-features/gudumba-shankar-completes-14-years-take-a-look-at-the-highlights-of-the-pawan-kalyan-starrer/photostory/65755998.cms |access-date=2021-07-30 |website=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=30 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730070015/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/photo-features/gudumba-shankar-completes-14-years-take-a-look-at-the-highlights-of-the-pawan-kalyan-starrer/photostory/65755998.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Kalyan played the [[Title character|title role]], wrote the screenplay and choreographed three songs. The action scenes were also conceived and choreographed by him. The film, starring Kalyan and [[Meera Jasmine]], received mixed reviews and was an average performer at the box office. Kalyan's choreography of the realistic action scenes was praised. His unique style, including wearing double pants, grabbed attention at the time.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":27" />

His next film ''[[Balu (film)|Balu]]'' (2005) was [[A. Karunakaran]]'s second directorial starring Kalyan, after ''Tholi Prema''. This film was produced by [[C. Aswani Dutt|C. Aswini Dutt]] under [[Vyjayanthi Movies]] banner.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2005 |title=Movie review - Balu ABCDEFG |url=http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-balu.html |work=Idlebrain}}</ref> It co-starred [[Shriya Saran|Shriya]], [[Neha Oberoi]] and [[Gulshan Grover]]. ''Balu'' was extensively filmed in [[Delhi]] and [[Agra]], with a special set constructed near the [[Taj Mahal]] and another in [[Ramoji Film City]], Hyderabad, at a cost of {{Indian Rupee}}90 [[lakh]]. Pawan Kalyan wore a unique pant in the film's flashback scenes, which he bought from [[Italy]] for about {{Indian Rupee}}2 lakh.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-02 |title=Pawan Kalyan : పవన్ కళ్యాణ్ తన స్టైలిష్ ప్యాంట్స్‌ను ఏ హీరోకి గిఫ్ట్‌గా ఇచ్చారో తెలుసా..? |url=https://tv9telugu.com/entertainment/tollywood/pawan-kalyan-gifted-sai-dharam-tej-different-style-pants-used-in-gudumba-shankar-and-balu-movies-1052872.html |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=[[TV9 Telugu]] |language=te |archive-date=11 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240811122235/https://tv9telugu.com/entertainment/tollywood/pawan-kalyan-gifted-sai-dharam-tej-different-style-pants-used-in-gudumba-shankar-and-balu-movies-1052872.html |url-status=live }}</ref> These pants later became a trend among the youth.<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":27" /> ''Balu'' was the first Telugu film to have a release in [[South Africa]] and became an average grosser at the box office.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2005-07-22 |title=Boldly going where no Telugu movie has gone before! |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/hyderabad-times/boldly-going-where-no-telugu-movie-has-gone-before/articleshow/1180345.cms |access-date=2024-07-27 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=28 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240728111410/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/hyderabad-times/boldly-going-where-no-telugu-movie-has-gone-before/articleshow/1180345.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 March 2005 |title=The gamble pays off |url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/whats-on/the-gamble-pays-off-927625 |access-date=27 July 2024 |website=[[Independent Online]] |archive-date=27 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240727085513/https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/whats-on/the-gamble-pays-off-927625 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In May 2006, [[Bangaram (film)|''Bangaram'']], directed by Tamil filmmaker [[Dharani (director)|Dharani]] was released. It starred Kalyan in the title role and [[Meera Chopra]], [[Sanusha]], [[Ashutosh Rana]], and [[Mukesh Rishi]] in supporting roles. Produced by [[A. M. Rathnam]], who had earlier produced ''Kushi'' (2001), the story follows Bangaram, a reporter who dreams of working for the [[BBC]]. Notably, it was the first time in Kalyan's career that he did not have a female lead opposite him. The film received mixed to negative reviews, and Kalyan reportedly gave refunds to the film's distributors due to its underperformance.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 May 2021 |title=15 years for Bangaram: For the first time in his career, Pawan Kalyan did not have a female lead starring opposite him |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/regional/telugu/15-years-for-bangaram-for-the-first-time-in-his-career-pawan-kalyan-did-not-have-a-female-lead-starring-opposite-him/videoshow/82369969.cms |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=3 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203200133/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/regional/telugu/15-years-for-bangaram-for-the-first-time-in-his-career-pawan-kalyan-did-not-have-a-female-lead-starring-opposite-him/videoshow/82369969.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":37">{{Cite web |date=2023-07-26 |title=Panjaa To Bangaram, Pawan Kalyan Films That Flopped At The Box Office |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/panjaa-to-bangaram-pawan-kalyan-films-that-flopped-at-the-box-office-8432179.html |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=News18 |language=en |archive-date=4 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204025023/https://www.news18.com/movies/panjaa-to-bangaram-pawan-kalyan-films-that-flopped-at-the-box-office-8432179.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In March 2006, Pawan Kalyan’s second directorial venture, ''Satyagrahi'' ([[tagline]]: Satyame Naa Ayudham; {{Translation|Truth is my weapon}}), featuring him in the role of a role of student union leader, was launched with a high-profile event at [[Annapurna Studios]].<ref name=":30">{{cite web |date=25 March 2006 |title=Satyagrahi film launch – Pawan Kalyan |url=http://www.idlebrain.com/news/functions/muhurat-satyagrahi.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106225004/http://www.idlebrain.com/news/functions/muhurat-satyagrahi.html |archive-date=6 January 2019 |access-date=10 December 2015 |website=Idlebrain.com}}</ref> At the event, Kalyan expressed frustration with societal problems and aimed to use ''Satyagrahi'' to highlight these issues in a commercially appealing format. Producer A. M. Rathnam announced that the film would be made in Telugu and Hindi, with a Bengali dub.<ref name=":30" /> Despite initial enthusiasm and notable collaborators like [[P. C. Sreeram]] and [[A. R. Rahman]], the project was shelved. In October 2021, Kalyan revealed that the film, inspired by [[Jayaprakash Narayan]]'s Emergency movement, was set aside to focus on real-life activism, finding it more fulfilling to address social issues directly rather than through cinema.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-10-11 |title=Pawan Kalyan recalls his shelved film Satyagrahi |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyan-recalls-his-shelved-film-satyagrahi/articleshow/86940989.cms |access-date=2024-08-11 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=11 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240811200556/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-kalyan-recalls-his-shelved-film-satyagrahi/articleshow/86940989.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

Later that year, he appeared in [[Annavaram (film)|''Annavaram'']], directed by Bhimaneni Srinivasa Rao, with [[Asin]], and [[Sandhya (actress)|Sandhya]] were cast alongside him.<ref name=":28">{{Cite web |date=29 December 2006 |title=Annavaram - Movie Review |url=http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-annavaram.html |website=Idlebrain.com |access-date=11 August 2024 |archive-date=28 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428115753/http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-annavaram.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The film was produced under the [[Super Good Films]] banner and marked Kalyan's first role set in a rural background. Pawan Kalyan plays the title role of Annavaram, a [[blacksmith]] who, driven by his love for his sister, becomes a vigilante in Hyderabad to dismantle the city's criminal underworld.<ref name=":28" /> Released in December 2006, the film was an above-average grosser.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Sambi Reddy |date=2 September 2024 |title=ఇండస్ట్రీ హిట్స్ నుండి అట్టర్ ప్లాప్స్ వరకు, పవన్ కళ్యాణ్ కెరీర్ లో చేసిన 11 రీమేక్స్ వాటి రిజల్ట్స్! |url=https://telugu.asianetnews.com/gallery/entertainment/hero-pawan-kalyan-birth-day-special-11-remakes-and-results-ksr-sj6i0k#image4 |access-date=15 October 2024 |website=[[Asianet News Network]] |language=te |archive-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918082310/https://telugu.asianetnews.com/gallery/entertainment/hero-pawan-kalyan-birth-day-special-11-remakes-and-results-ksr-sj6i0k#image4 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== 2008–2011: Continued career ===
Kalyan's next film was ''[[Jalsa]]'' (2008), written and directed by [[Trivikram Srinivas]]. ''Jalsa'' marks the first collaboration between Pawan Kalyan and Trivikram, a partnership that later extended to multiple projects in the future. [[Mahesh Babu]] provided the [[Voice-over|voiceover]] for the film. In the film, Pawan Kalyan plays Sanjay Sahu, an [[aerobics]] instructor with a troubled past as a [[Naxalite–Maoist insurgency|Naxalite]]. Kalyan's performance, especially his comic timing and signature dialogues, played a significant role in the film's success.<ref name=":31" /> ''Jalsa'' set multiple box office records on its opening day, including the highest first-day collection for a [[Telugu cinema|Telugu film]] and the highest for any [[Cinema of South India|South Indian film]] in a single state.<ref name=":31" /> It became the highest-grossing Telugu film of 2008<ref name=":31">{{Cite web |date=2020-04-02 |title=12 Years of Jalsa: 5 reasons why the Pawan Kalyan starrer was a hit |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/12-years-of-jalsa-5-reasons-why-the-pawan-kalyan-starrer-was-a-hit/photostory/74948425.cms |access-date=2020-08-12 |website=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=26 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200426221412/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/12-years-of-jalsa-5-reasons-why-the-pawan-kalyan-starrer-was-a-hit/photostory/74948425.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> and was praised for its lead performances, music, humour, and witty dialogues.<ref name=":31"/> This marked Kalyan's first success after five consecutive underperforming films.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />

Pawan Kalyan's next film, [[Puli (2010 film)|''Puli'']] (2010), an [[Action thriller film|action thriller]], was written and directed by [[S. J. Suryah|S. J. Surya]] and produced by Singanamala Ramesh Babu with a budget of {{Indian Rupee}}40 crore.<ref name="re-edit">{{cite news |date=9 September 2010 |title='Puli' re-edited to do the damage control! |url=http://andhravilas.com/movienews/162927/Puli-re-edited-to-do-the-damage-control.html |url-status=usurped |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707141302/http://andhravilas.com/movienews/162927/Puli-re-edited-to-do-the-damage-control.html |archivedate=7 July 2011 |accessdate=22 September 2010 |newspaper=Andhravilas.com |df=dmy}}</ref> Initially titled ''Komaram Puli'', the film was renamed ''Puli'' on its second day of release due to objections from Komaram Sony Rao, the grandson of tribal legend [[Komaram Bheem]], whose name had inspired the original title. The [[Telangana|Nizam]] distribution rights were sold to Geetha Arts for {{Indian Rupee}}12 crore, a record-breaking sum at the time.<ref name="chithr.com">[http://chithr.com/news/detail/1707/geeta-arts-bagged-kpuli-nizam-rights-for-12cr.html "Geeta Arts bagged K'Puli Nizam rights for 12Cr – Telugu Movie and Political News"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123091626/http://chithr.com/news/detail/1707/geeta-arts-bagged-kpuli-nizam-rights-for-12cr.html|date=23 January 2016}}. chithr.com. 15 August 2009</ref> Upon release, ''Puli'' was critically panned and ultimately became a [[Box-office bomb|box office disaster]].<ref name=":34">{{Cite web |date=25 August 2012 |title=Pawan powers his way back |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/pawan-powers-his-way-back/articleshow/21323029.cms |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=[[Bangalore Mirror]] |language=en |archive-date=4 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204033328/https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/pawan-powers-his-way-back/articleshow/21323029.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

In August 2010, an official announcement was made that Kalyan was going to play a role in a movie about [[Jesus|Jesus Christ]] to be directed by [[Singeetam Srinivasa Rao]].<ref name=":10">{{Cite news |last=Sherwood |first=Harriet |date=2010-08-31 |title=Pawan Kalyan to star in Bollywood film of Christ's life |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/aug/31/bollywood-jesus-christ-film-israel |access-date=2024-08-03 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=26 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426063543/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/aug/31/bollywood-jesus-christ-film-israel |url-status=live }}</ref> With a production cost of $30 million, it was touted as the most expensive film to be ever made in [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]].<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=6 September 2010 |title=The story of Jesus Christ gets Indian treatment |url=https://movies.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/sep/06/slide-show-1-south-first-look-indian-story-on-jesus-christ.htm |access-date=2024-08-03 |website=Rediff |language=en |archive-date=21 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230121073827/http://movies.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/sep/06/slide-show-1-south-first-look-indian-story-on-jesus-christ.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> The film was set to be shot in [[Israel]] and the [[Palestinian territories|Palestinian Territories]] with an all-Indian cast, primarily featuring children. It was reported that the producers spent time touring sites in [[Jerusalem]] and around the [[Sea of Galilee]] and have approached the Palestinian Authority about filming in [[Jericho]] and [[Bethlehem]].<ref name=":10" /> Shooting for the film was said to begin in Jerusalem in October 2010 and the film was to be released in 2011. The film was said to include seven devotional songs. It was to be a 195-minute film, with versions in four languages, including English.<ref name=":11" />

In 2011, Pawan Kalyan starred in ''[[Teen Maar]]'', directed by [[Jayanth C. Paranjee]] with a screenplay by Trivikram Srinivas.<ref name=":29">{{Cite web |date=14 April 2011 |title=Review: Teenmaar is Pawan Kalyan's show |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-teenmaar/20110414.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604034701/https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-teenmaar/20110414.htm |archive-date=4 June 2023 |access-date=4 June 2023 |work=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> It is a remake of the Hindi film [[Love Aaj Kal (2009 film)|''Love Aaj Kal'']] (2009). Kalyan plays dual roles: Michael Velayudham, a carefree [[chef]] in [[Italy]] navigating modern relationships, and Arjun Palwai, whose traditional 1980s love story profoundly influences Michael's journey toward understanding the true value of love and commitment. The film was an average grosser at the box office.<ref name=":29" />

Kalyan's next film was [[Vishnuvardhan (director)|Vishnuvardhan]]'s gangster drama ''[[Panjaa]]'' (2011).<ref name="indiatimes1">[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/news-interviews/Vishnuvardhans-double-dhamaka/articleshow/7404551.cms Vishnuvardhan's double dhamaka – Times Of India] . ''The Times of India''. (2 February 2011). Retrieved 6 December 2011.</ref> Apart from Kalyan, it starred [[Sarah-Jane Dias]], [[Anjali Lavania]], and [[Jackie Shroff]]. Kalyan showcased a new look for ''Panjaa'', combining a well-trimmed beard with his moustache.<ref name=":27" /> In the film, Kalyan plays Jai, a loyal hitman for a powerful gangster, who is forced to go on the run after a mission goes wrong. Released in December 2011, ''Panjaa'' received mixed reviews from critics.<ref name=":37" /> It had a moderate reception from overseas audiences but struggled to make an impact at the domestic box office.<ref name=":34" /> Over time, it has been regarded as an underrated film in Telugu cinema.

=== 2012–2013: Comeback with blockbuster hits ===
[[File:The noted Telugu film actor Shri Pavan Kalyan addressing at the closing ceremony and award function of the 18th International Children’s Film Festival India, in Hyderabad on November 20, 2013 (cropped).jpg|thumb|264x264px|Pawan Kalyan at the 18th [[International Children's Film Festival India|International Children’s Film Festival India]] in Hyderabad on 20 November 2013]]In 2012, Pawan Kalyan starred in [[Gabbar Singh (film)|''Gabbar Singh'']], directed by [[Harish Shankar]]. This film, a remake of the Hindi hit ''[[Dabangg]]'' (2010), made notable changes to the original screenplay and characters.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2012 |title=Dabangg or Gabbar Singh? I like Gabbar Singh more than Dabangg - Jeevi |url=https://www.idlebrain.com/news/2000march20/gabbarsingh-dabangg.html |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=Idlebrain.com |archive-date=5 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241205191530/https://www.idlebrain.com/news/2000march20/gabbarsingh-dabangg.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Kalyan played Venkataratnam Naidu, a police officer who takes on the alias [[Gabbar Singh (character)|Gabbar Singh]] to combat a local thug's corrupt political schemes. ''Gabbar Singh'' set new records for opening day, first weekend, and first week collections in Tollywood, grossing around ₹110 crore worldwide.<ref name="indiatoday.intoday.in" /> It became the [[List of highest-grossing Telugu films|second-highest-grossing Telugu film at the time]] surpassing ''[[Dookudu]]'' (2011), and emerging as the [[List of Telugu films of 2012|highest-grossing Telugu film of the year]].<ref name="indiatoday.intoday.in">{{cite web |title=Gabbar singh highest grosser in south |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/gabbar-singh-highest-grosser-110233-2012-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312155348/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/gabbar-singh-highest-grosser/1/209129.html |archive-date=12 March 2015 |work=India Today |date=19 July 2012 |url-status=live |quote=According to the buzz, Gabbar Singh, which is a Telegu remake of Dabangg, has collected more than Rs 110 crore at the worldwide Box Office in 60 days.}}</ref> Kalyan's performance was acclaimed for its charisma and energy, blending mass appeal with comedy, earning him the [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu]], the [[SIIMA Award for Best Actor – Telugu]], a [[CineMAA Awards|CineMAA Award]], among other accolades.

Later in 2012, Kalyan appeared in ''[[Cameraman Gangatho Rambabu]]'', a [[Political fiction|political]] [[action film]] directed by [[Puri Jagannadh]], marking their second collaboration after 12 years.<ref name="boc">{{Cite web |date=24 October 2012 |title='Cameraman Ganga Tho Rambabu' collects Rs 52 crore |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/cameraman-ganga-tho-rambabu-collects-rs-52-crore-518173.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523075600/https://www.news18.com/news/india/cameraman-ganga-tho-rambabu-collects-rs-52-crore-518173.html |archive-date=23 May 2022 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=News18}}</ref> Kalyan played Rambabu, a mechanic-turned-journalist who battles a corrupt politician.<ref name="rel">{{Cite web |date=22 February 2019 |title=Despite disruption, Cameraman Ganga Tho Rambabu earns Rs 52 crore |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/despite-disruption-cameraman-ganga-tho-rambabu-earns-rs-52-crore-608396 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531045532/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/despite-disruption-cameraman-ganga-tho-rambabu-earns-rs-52-crore-608396 |archive-date=31 May 2024 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref> The film faced political controversy and protests, leading to halted screenings in Telangana and calls for a ban. In response, the producers made cuts and modifications.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 October 2012 |title=Screening of Pawan's film stopped |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/screening-of-pawans-film-stopped/article4013708.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120161415/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/screening-of-pawans-film-stopped/article4013708.ece |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=31 May 2024 |website=The Hindu}}</ref> Despite this, it was successful, earning ₹52 crore in its opening weekend against a ₹25 crore budget.<ref name="rel" />

In September 2013, Pawan Kalyan starred in ''[[Attarintiki Daredi]]'', directed by Trivikram Srinivas.<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 January 2017 |title=Celebs condemn the piracy act of Attarintiki Daredi – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Celebs-condemn-the-piracy-act-of-Attarintiki-Daredi/articleshow/22929711.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002023814/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Celebs-condemn-the-piracy-act-of-Attarintiki-Daredi/articleshow/22929711.cms |archive-date=2 October 2017 |access-date=16 April 2020 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> He played Gautham Nanda, a wealthy heir who disguises himself as a driver to reunite his grandfather with his estranged daughter. Despite significant [[piracy]] issues before its release, the film became the [[List of highest-grossing Telugu films|highest-grossing Telugu film]] of the time, surpassing ''[[Magadheera]]'' (2009).<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 October 2013 |title=Attarintiki Daredi collections crossed Magadheera |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/attarintiki-daredi-collections-crossed-magadheera/articleshow/24776427.cms |access-date=2024-10-13 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> It won four [[Nandi Awards]] and four [[Filmfare Awards South]]. Kalyan's performance, noted for its charisma and comedic timing, was highly praised and earned him the [[Santosham Best Actor Award]], with nominations for both a [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Filmfare Award]] and a [[SIIMA Award for Best Actor – Telugu|SIIMA Award]]. It was remade into [[Kannada]] as ''[[Ranna (film)|Ranna]]'' (2015), in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] as ''[[Abhimaan (2016 film)|Abhimaan]]'' (2016), and in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] as ''[[Vantha Rajavathaan Varuven]]'' (2019). In 2014, a ''[[Disney Star|Star India]]'' survey ranked Kalyan as one of the Top 5 Heroes of India.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pawan Kalyan in Top 5 Heroes of India |url=http://deccan-journal.com/content/pawan-kalyan-top-5-heroes-india |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106225120/http://deccan-journal.com/content/pawan-kalyan-top-5-heroes-india |archive-date=6 January 2019 |access-date=9 June 2014 |work=Deccan-Journal}}</ref>

=== 2014–present: Balancing acting with political career ===
In March 2014, Kalyan founded the [[Janasena Party]] and actively campaigned in the 2014 elections.<ref name=":18" /><ref name=":17" /> Thereafter, he continued his political career alongside his film career. His first film release after starting Janasena was [[Gopala Gopala (2015 film)|''Gopala Gopala'']] (2015), a Telugu remake of the Hindi film ''[[OMG – Oh My God!]]'' (2012).<ref>{{cite news|date=22 July 2014|title=Pawan Kalyan to play Krishna in Telugu remake of Oh My God|work=The Hindustan Times|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/pawan-kalyan-to-play-krishna-in-telugu-remake-of-oh-my-god/story-ay8kYAkfEnusU556mWvzFJ.html|url-status=live|access-date=28 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205112838/http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/pawan-kalyan-to-play-krishna-in-telugu-remake-of-oh-my-god/story-ay8kYAkfEnusU556mWvzFJ.html|archive-date=5 February 2016}}</ref> The film featured Kalyan starring alongside [[Venkatesh (actor)|Venkatesh]] and was directed by [[Kishore Kumar Pardasani]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Devi Dundoo |first=Sangeetha |date=10 January 2015 |title=Gopala Gopala: Of faith and superstitions |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/gopala-gopala-of-faith-and-superstitions/article6775354.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150111081438/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/gopala-gopala-of-faith-and-superstitions/article6775354.ece |archive-date=11 January 2015 |access-date=11 January 2015 |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> It was produced by [[D. Suresh Babu]] and Sharrath Marar. Made on a budget of {{INR}}12 [[crore]], the film was released in January 2015 as a [[Sankranti|Sankranthi]] release. In the film, Pawan Kalyan plays [[Krishna|Lord Krishna]] in disguise as a common man, Govinda Gopala Hari, to help a devout atheist challenge fraudulent [[Godman (India)|godmen]] and promote a true understanding of God. It received positive reviews from critics and was commercially successful grossing {{INR}}88.1 crore with a [[Box office#Distributor rentals|distributor share]] of {{INR}}41.1 crore.<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 January 2015 |title=Gopala Gopala collections set new record |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/gopala-gopala-collections-set-new-record/articleshow/45980386.cms |access-date=2024-10-13 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

In 2016, Kalyan starred in ''[[Sardaar Gabbar Singh]]''. It was co-written and directed by [[K. S. Ravindra]], based on an original story by Kalyan himself. It was a sequel to his 2012 film ''Gabbar Singh''. The film was released worldwide in April 2016, along with a [[Hindi]] dubbed version, on a screen count of 3,200 thus becoming the second biggest Telugu film release after ''[[Baahubali: The Beginning]]'' (2015). It received mixed reviews from critics.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-04-07 |title='Sardaar Gabbar Singh' second biggest Telugu release after 'Baahubali' |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-sardaar-gabbar-singh-is-second-biggest-telugu-release-after-baahubali-2199372 |access-date=2021-01-12 |website=DNA India |language=en |archive-date=3 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203105842/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-sardaar-gabbar-singh-is-second-biggest-telugu-release-after-baahubali-2199372 |url-status=live }}</ref>

''[[Katamarayudu]]'' (2017), a remake of Tamil film [[Veeram (2014 film)|''Veeram'']] (2014) marked Kalyan's second collaboration with Kishore Kumar Pardasani.<ref name=Dundoo>Sangeetha Devi Dundoo (24 March 2017) [http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/reviews/katamarayudu-rides-on-pawan-kalyans-presence/article17643121.ece Katamarayudu: One-man show] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210617001117/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/reviews/katamarayudu-rides-on-pawan-kalyans-presence/article17643121.ece |date=17 June 2021 }}. ''The Hindu''</ref> In the film, Pawan Kalyan plays Katamarayudu, a selfless man who prioritizes his brothers' well-being over his own and eventually wins the approval of his love interest's father by proving his bravery and commitment. The film received mixed reviews, with the music being widely criticized as a major letdown and one of the weakest albums in Pawan Kalyan's career.<ref name=Dundoo/>

Kalyan's next film ''[[Agnyaathavaasi]]'' (2018), written and directed by Trivikram Srinivas, was touted as his 25th film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-01-11 |title=Agnyaathavaasi box office: Pawan Kalyan film is second only to Baahubali 2 in US |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/agnyaathavaasi-box-office-pawan-kalyan-5020050/ |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622071405/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/agnyaathavaasi-box-office-pawan-kalyan-5020050/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The film stars Kalyan, [[Aadhi Pinisetty]], [[Keerthy Suresh]] and [[Anu Emmanuel]] in lead roles. In the film, Kalyan plays Abhishikth Bhargav, the eldest son of a powerful businessman who returns to his family’s company from exile to uncover the truth behind his father's death and reclaim his rightful place in the business empire. Upon release, it received negative reviews from both critics and audiences, alike. The film was a [[box-office bomb]].<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |date=2018-02-14 |title=Agnyaathavaasi Closing Collections Report |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2018-02-14/Agnyaathavaasi-Closing-Collections-Report/358987 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220309193526/https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2018-02-14/Agnyaathavaasi-Closing-Collections-Report/358987 |archive-date=9 March 2022 |access-date=9 March 2022 |website=The Hans India}}</ref>

In August 2017, Pawan Kalyan announced his intention to focus on politics starting October 2017 after completing his film commitments.<ref name=":19" /> Following the release of ''Agnyathavaasi'' in January 2018, Kalyan officially retired from the film industry to concentrate on his political career with the Janasena Party. During this period, from late 2017 to late 2019, he did not take on any new film projects.<ref name=":20">{{Cite news |date=2020-01-20 |title=Pawan Kalyan starts shooting for Telugu remake of 'Pink' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/pawan-kalyan-starts-shooting-for-telugu-remake-of-pink/article30608018.ece |access-date=2024-08-10 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=2 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302174726/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/pawan-kalyan-starts-shooting-for-telugu-remake-of-pink/article30608018.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> Speculation about his return to cinema began in September 2019, with discussions about potential scripts from directors like [[Krish Jagarlamudi|Krish]] and efforts by producer [[Dil Raju]] to convince him to choose a project.<ref name=":21">{{Cite web |date=2019-09-12 |title=Pawan Kalyan to make his comeback with Krish Jagarlamudi's film? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/pawan-kalyan-to-make-his-comeback-with-krish-jagarlamudi-s-film-1598327-2019-09-12 |access-date=2024-08-10 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-02 |title=Pawan Kalyan confused about his comeback in films. Will he balance cinema and politics? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/pawan-kalyan-confused-about-his-comeback-in-films-will-he-balance-cinema-and-politics-1605538-2019-10-02 |access-date=2024-08-10 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=10 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810195810/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/pawan-kalyan-confused-about-his-comeback-in-films-will-he-balance-cinema-and-politics-1605538-2019-10-02 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In November 2019, it was announced that Kalyan would star in the Telugu remake of the Hindi film [[Pink (2016 film)|''Pink'']] (2016), later titled ''[[Vakeel Saab]]''.<ref name=":23">{{Cite news |date=2019-11-02 |title=Pawan Kalyan to star in Telugu remake of 'Pink' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/pawan-kalyan-to-star-in-telugu-remake-of-pink/article29863564.ece |access-date=2024-08-10 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=10 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810193443/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/pawan-kalyan-to-star-in-telugu-remake-of-pink/article29863564.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> Produced by [[Boney Kapoor]] and Dil Raju, and directed by [[Venu Sriram]] with dialogues by Trivikram Srinivas, filming for ''Vakeel Saab'' began on 20 January 2020, marking Kalyan's return to cinema after a two-year break following ''Agnyaathavaasi''.<ref name=":23" /> The film, which also features [[Nivetha Thomas]], [[Anjali (actress)|Anjali]], [[Ananya Nagalla]], [[Prakash Raj]], and [[Shruti Haasan]], was released in April 2021, making it Kalyan's first film release in three years. Kalyan plays Satyadev, a former lawyer who overcomes personal tragedy and alcoholism to fight for justice and support wronged women. ''Vakeel Saab'' faced major challenges, such as blocked ticket price hikes and cancelled screenings due to political tensions and a [[COVID-19 lockdown in India|COVID-19 lockdown]] during the second wave.<ref name=":62">{{Cite web |title=వకీల్ సాబ్ వివాదం: హైకోర్టు తీర్పుపై జగన్ ప్రభుత్వం హౌస్ మోషన్ పిటిషన్ |url=https://telugu.asianetnews.com/andhra-pradesh/vakeel-saab-controversy-ys-jagan-govt-to-file-house-motion-petition-in-high-court-qrbuir |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410045434/https://telugu.asianetnews.com/andhra-pradesh/vakeel-saab-controversy-ys-jagan-govt-to-file-house-motion-petition-in-high-court-qrbuir |archive-date=10 April 2021 |access-date=2021-04-10 |website=[[Asianet News Network]] |language=te}}</ref> Despite these issues, the film grossed ₹137.65 crore worldwide, becoming the [[List of Telugu films of 2021|second highest-grossing Telugu film]] of the year.<ref name="siasatbo">{{Cite web |last=Amena |first=Rasti |date=30 April 2021 |title=Pawan Kalyan-starrer Vakeel Saab box office collection fails to touch 100 crore |url=https://www.siasat.com/pawan-kalyan-starrer-vakeel-saab-box-office-collection-fails-to-touch-100-crore-2130885/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502135010/https://www.siasat.com/pawan-kalyan-starrer-vakeel-saab-box-office-collection-fails-to-touch-100-crore-2130885/ |archive-date=2 May 2021 |access-date=2 May 2021 |website=[[The Siasat Daily]]}}</ref>

In 2022, Pawan Kalyan starred in ''[[Bheemla Nayak]]'', an [[action thriller film]] directed by [[Saagar K Chandra]] and written by Trivikram Srinivas. The film stars Pawan Kalyan and [[Rana Daggubati]] in lead roles. Kalyan plays Bheemla Nayak, a dedicated police officer known for his strong sense of justice and connection with his community. The film netted {{INR}}37 [[crore]] on opening day in India, becoming the best post-pandemic opener in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.<ref name=":32">{{Cite web |date=26 February 2022 |title=Telugu Film Bheemla Nayak Scores Huge Opening Day In Nizam / Andhra - Box Office India |url=https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=6679 |access-date= |website=[[Box Office India]] |archive-date=30 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130063609/https://www.boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=6679 |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Bheemla Nayak'' grossed over ₹192 crore worldwide in 20 days,<ref name=":33">{{Cite web |date=17 March 2022 |title='Bheemla Nayak' box office collection Day 20: Pawan Kalyan's film steady, eyes Rs 100 crore |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/box-office/bheemla-nayak-box-office-collection-day-20-pawan-kalyans-film-steady-eyes-rs-100-crore/articleshow/90285418.cms |access-date=17 March 2022 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> despite restrictions like lowered ticket prices and a ban on early morning shows in Andhra Pradesh, which affected its earnings.<ref name=":32" />

Kalyan's 2023 release was ''[[Bro (2023 film)|Bro]]'', in which he starred alongside his nephew [[Sai Durgha Tej|Sai Dharam Tej]], under the direction of [[Samuthirakani]]. Produced by People Media Factory and [[Zee Studios]], it is a remake of the director's own Tamil film ''[[Vinodhaya Sitham]]'' (2021). In the film, Pawan Kalyan plays Titan, a mysterious figure who represents Time, guiding Mark through a transformative journey to rectify his past and reconcile with his responsibilities before his final departure from Earth. The film received mixed-to-average reviews from critics.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Bro Movie Review : Banks more on Pawan Kalyan's fame than the story |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/bro/movie-review/102193766.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728123438/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/bro/movie-review/102193766.cms |archive-date=28 July 2023 |access-date=28 July 2023 |website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=BRO Review: Sai Dharam Tej's film celebrates Pawan Kalyan more than the story |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/bro-review-sai-dharam-tejs-film-celebrates-pawan-kalyan-more-than-the-story-2413027-2023-07-28 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728123946/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/bro-review-sai-dharam-tejs-film-celebrates-pawan-kalyan-more-than-the-story-2413027-2023-07-28 |archive-date=28 July 2023 |access-date=28 July 2023 |website=India Today|date=28 July 2023 }}</ref>

Since the [[Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy]] government came to power in Andhra Pradesh in 2019, Pawan Kalyan's films have faced significant political challenges.<ref name=":62" /><ref name=":05" /> His films ''Vakeel Saab'', ''Bheemla Nayak'', and ''Bro'', have encountered obstacles like cancelled benefit shows, blocked ticket price hikes, and restrictions on screenings.<ref name=":32" /><ref name=":62" /> These issues are widely attributed to Kalyan's outspoken criticism of the government, leading to a perceived political vendetta that has affected the releases and earnings of his films.<ref name=":62" /><ref name=":05">{{Cite web |date=19 July 2023 |title=BRO Ticket Rates: టికెట్ ధరలు పెంచే ఆలోచన లేదన్న 'బ్రో' నిర్మాత.. సీఎంని అడగలేకేనా? |url=https://telugu.samayam.com/telugu-movies/cinema-news/no-hike-in-ticket-prices-for-pawan-kalyan-bro-movie-says-producer-t-g-vishwa-prasad/articleshow/101946053.cms |access-date=2024-08-12 |website=[[Samayam]] |language=te |archive-date=12 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240812185758/https://telugu.samayam.com/telugu-movies/cinema-news/no-hike-in-ticket-prices-for-pawan-kalyan-bro-movie-says-producer-t-g-vishwa-prasad/articleshow/101946053.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite these challenges, his films have still performed well at the box office.<ref name=":33" /><ref name="siasatbo" />

Another film, ''[[They Call Him OG]]'', was subsequently announced with [[Sujeeth]] as the director and [[D. V. V. Danayya]] as producer.<ref name="hindustantimes.com">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-06 |title=Pawan Kalyan-starrer OG release date announced: Here's when Sujeeth's film will hit theatres |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/og-release-date-announced-sujeeths-pawan-kalyan-they-call-him-og-101707218166772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206125328/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/og-release-date-announced-sujeeths-pawan-kalyan-they-call-him-og-101707218166772.html |archive-date=6 February 2024 |access-date=22 June 2024 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref> It is a [[gangster film]] and stars Kalyan, [[Emraan Hashmi]] (in his Telugu debut), and [[Priyanka Mohan]] in lead roles. The film was officially announced in December 2022 and [[principal photography]] commenced in April 2023 in [[Mumbai]]. ''OG'' was scheduled to release on 27 September 2024, but was postponed due to production delays, eventually releasing on 25 September 2025.<ref name="hindustantimes.com" /> Kalyan was reported to receive {{INR}}100 crore for remuneration making him one of the highest paid Indian actors.<ref name="budget">{{Cite web |date=26 June 2023 |title=Rs 250 cr for Pawan Kalyan's OG, highest in his career |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/260623/rs-250-cr-for-pawan-kalyans-og-highest-in-his-career.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703103415/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/260623/rs-250-cr-for-pawan-kalyans-og-highest-in-his-career.html |archive-date=3 July 2023 |access-date=3 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1 June 2023 |title=Is Pawan Kalyan joining the league of top Indian actors with his massive remuneration for Sujeeth's 'OG'? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/is-pawan-kalyan-joining-the-league-of-top-indian-actors-with-his-massive-remuneration-for-sujeeths-og/articleshow/100670977.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703103414/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/is-pawan-kalyan-joining-the-league-of-top-indian-actors-with-his-massive-remuneration-for-sujeeths-og/articleshow/100670977.cms |archive-date=3 July 2023 |access-date=3 July 2023 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> It received mixed reviews from critics, lauding its cinematography, production values, Thaman's background score and soundtrack, and Kalyan's screen presence, but criticizing the film's formulaic story, predictability, forced cliffhanger and lack of originality. Nevertheless, it still emerged as the highest grossing Telugu film of 2025.

=== Upcoming projects ===
[[Mythri Movie Makers]] also announced ''[[Ustaad Bhagat Singh]]'' with Kalyan, under the direction of [[Harish Shankar]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 April 2021 |title=#PSPK28: Pawan Kalyan to play lecturer in Harish Shankar's next? - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pspk28-pawan-kalyan-to-play-lecturer-in-harish-shankars-next/articleshow/81967838.cms |access-date=27 August 2021 |website=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=27 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827160707/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pspk28-pawan-kalyan-to-play-lecturer-in-harish-shankars-next/articleshow/81967838.cms |url-status=live}}</ref> The film was announced as ''Bhavadeeyudu Bhagat Singh'' on 9 September 2021.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 September 2021 |title=Pawan Kalyan's 28th film titled 'Bhavadeeyudu Bhagat Singh' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/pawan-kalyans-28th-film-titled-bhavadeeyudu-bhagat-singh/article36376193.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618082721/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/pawan-kalyans-28th-film-titled-bhavadeeyudu-bhagat-singh/article36376193.ece |archive-date=18 June 2023 |access-date=18 June 2023 |newspaper=The Hindu |via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> It marks the second collaboration of Pawan Kalyan with Harish Shankar after ''Gabbar Singh''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 September 2021 |title=Pawan Kalyan's first look from Bhavadeeyudu Bhagat Singh out: It's not just about entertainment this time |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/pawan-kalyan-bhavadeeyudu-bhagat-singh-first-look-out-pspk28-7497928/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612155708/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/pawan-kalyan-bhavadeeyudu-bhagat-singh-first-look-out-pspk28-7497928/ |archive-date=12 June 2023 |access-date=12 June 2023}}</ref> Later in December 2022, the title was changed to ''Ustaad Bhagat Singh''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 December 2022 |title=Pawan Kalyan, Harish Shankar reunite for 'Ustaad Bhagat Singh' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/2022/dec/11/pawan-kalyan-harish-shankar-reunite-for-ustaad-bhagat-singh-2527161.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612155709/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/2022/dec/11/pawan-kalyan-harish-shankar-reunite-for-ustaad-bhagat-singh-2527161.html |archive-date=12 June 2023 |access-date=12 June 2023 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> The film's launch event with a [[Puja (Hinduism)|pooja]] ceremony was held on 11 December 2022 at [[Ramanaidu Studios]] with cast and crew.<ref>{{cite web |date=12 December 2022 |title=Pawan Kalyan-Starrer Ustaad Bhagat Singh Goes on Floor, Know Details |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/pawan-kalyan-starrer-ustaad-bhagat-singh-goes-on-floor-know-details-6601495.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703043406/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/pawan-kalyan-starrer-ustaad-bhagat-singh-goes-on-floor-know-details-6601495.html |archive-date=3 July 2023 |access-date=3 July 2023}}</ref>

== Political career ==
Pawan Kalyan began his political career in 2008 as the president of Yuvarajyam, the youth wing of the [[Praja Rajyam Party]] (PRP), founded by his elder brother Chiranjeevi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chiranjeevi's brother Pavan Kalyan to head Praja Rajyam's youth wing |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/2008/dec/07chiranjeevi-brother-pavan-kalyan-to-head-praja-rajyam-youth-wing.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117212349/http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/dec/07chiranjeevi-brother-pavan-kalyan-to-head-praja-rajyam-youth-wing.htm |archive-date=17 January 2018 |access-date=27 February 2019 |work=Rediff.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 May 2012 |title=Pawan Kalyan to head Yuva Rajyam |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2008/dec/06/pawan-kalyan-to-head-yuva-rajyam-8540.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227182142/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2008/dec/06/pawan-kalyan-to-head-yuva-rajyam-8540.html |archive-date=27 February 2019 |access-date=27 February 2019 |work=The New Indian Express}}</ref> During his time with PRP, Kalyan did not contest in elections or hold any constitutional post, though he actively campaigned for the party. His campaign efforts were marred by health issues, including a sunstroke that caused bouts of vomiting during a roadshow in Vizag on 19 April 2009. In 2011, when PRP merged with the [[Indian National Congress|Congress Party]],<ref>{{cite news |date=7 February 2011 |title=Chiranjeevi announces merger of PRP with Congress in AP |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/chiranjeevi-announces-merger-of-prp-with-congress-in-ap/articleshow/7439756.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227182244/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/chiranjeevi-announces-merger-of-prp-with-congress-in-ap/articleshow/7439756.cms |archive-date=27 February 2019 |access-date=27 February 2019 |newspaper=The Economic Times |publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Balaji |first1=J. |date=6 February 2011 |title=Praja Rajyam Party merges with congress |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Praja-Rajyam-Party-merges-with-Congress/article15130731.ece= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011180909/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Praja-Rajyam-Party-merges-with-Congress/article15130731.ece |archive-date=11 October 2020 |access-date=6 February 2011 |website=The Hindu}}</ref> Kalyan expressed silent discontent with his brother's decision and took a break from political life.<ref name=":09">{{cite web |date=2014-03-14 |title=Pawan Kalyan floats Jana Sena party |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/pawan-kalyan-floats-jana-sena-party/article23120068.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505073934/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/pawan-kalyan-floats-jana-sena-party/article23120068.ece |archive-date=5 May 2023 |access-date=2023-05-05 |website=[[Business Line]] |language=en |quote=After a hectic tour across the state that witnessed flamboyant speeches, the actor suddenly disappeared from public life following the merger of the party with the Congress. Reports suggested that he fell out with his brother after the merger. He wanted his brother to keep the party alive despite the setback at the polls.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-10-19 |title=Will actor Pawan Kalyan grow political wings? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/will-actor-pawan-kalyan-grow-political-wings/articleshow/24395210.cms |access-date=2023-05-05 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |quote=The fact that his brother merged the PRP with the Congress did not go down quite well with Pawan Kalyan and this was a well-known thing. Chiru's younger brother stopped associating himself with politics or the political ambitions of his brother once the PRP was merged with Congress. |archive-date=7 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507035209/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/will-actor-pawan-kalyan-grow-political-wings/articleshow/24395210.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Reports suggested that he wanted his brother to keep the party going despite the setback at the polls.<ref name=":09" />

=== 2014–2019: Formation and growth of Janasena ===
Pawan Kalyan founded the [[Jana Sena Party]] on 14 March 2014.<ref>{{cite web |title=Telugu actor Pawan Kalyan launches new party – indtoday |url=http://www.indtoday.com/telugu-actor-pawan-kalyan-launches-new-party-indtoday/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314182542/http://www.indtoday.com/telugu-actor-pawan-kalyan-launches-new-party-indtoday/ |archive-date=14 March 2014 |access-date=14 March 2014 |publisher=indtoday.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Pawan Kalyan's political outfit named as 'Jana Sena' Party |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news-interviews/Pawan-Kalyans-political-outfit-named-as-Jana-Sena-Party/articleshow/31899038.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313121319/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news-interviews/Pawan-Kalyans-political-outfit-named-as-Jana-Sena-Party/articleshow/31899038.cms |archive-date=13 March 2014 |access-date=13 March 2014 |work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref name=":18">{{cite web |date=14 March 2014 |title=Telugu Actor Pawan Kalyan Launches New Party |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Telugu-Actor-Pawan-Kalyan-Launches-New-Party/2014/03/14/article2109120.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314212113/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Telugu-Actor-Pawan-Kalyan-Launches-New-Party/2014/03/14/article2109120.ece |archive-date=14 March 2014 |access-date=14 March 2014 |work=The New Indian Express}}</ref> He co-authored a book titled ''Ism'', which outlines the party's ideology.<ref>{{cite web |date=April 2014 |title=Pawan's ISM book: A summary |url=http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2014-04-01/Pawans-ISM-book-A-summary/90608 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160726072055/http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2014-04-01/Pawans-ISM-book-A-summary/90608 |archive-date=26 July 2016 |access-date=5 July 2016 |website=The Hans India}}</ref> On 21 March 2014, Kalyan met [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) prime ministerial candidate [[Narendra Modi]] to discuss issues concerning the [[Telugu states]] and extended his support.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-03-21 |title=Pawan Kalyan meets Modi |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/pawan-kalyan-meets-modi/article5815891.ece |access-date=2024-08-04 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=5 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240805122107/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/pawan-kalyan-meets-modi/article5815891.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> He chose not to contest in the 2014 elections, instead supporting and campaigning extensively for the [[Telugu Desam Party]] (TDP) and BJP [[National Democratic Alliance|alliance]]. Kalyan campaigned against the [[Indian National Congress|Congress party]], giving the slogan "Congress Hatao, Desh Bachao" ({{Translation|Remove [[Indian National Congress|Congress]], Save the Nation}}).<ref>{{cite news |date=15 March 2014 |title='Congress Hatao, Desh Bachao' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2014/mar/15/congress-hatao-desh-bachao-586391.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210403154111/https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2014/mar/15/Congress-Hatao-Desh-Bachao-586391.html |archive-date=3 April 2021 |access-date=28 March 2021 |work=The New Indian Express}}</ref> His rallies drew huge crowds in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana,<ref>[http://deccan-journal.com/content/pawan-draws-huge-crowds-karnataka/ Pawan draws huge crowds in Karnataka] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508104401/http://deccan-journal.com/content/pawan-draws-huge-crowds-karnataka|date=8 May 2014}}. Deccan-journal.com. Retrieved 14 May 2014.</ref> His support and campaigning played a crucial role in the TDP-led National Democratic Alliance's victory in the [[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Andhra Pradesh Assembly elections]].<ref name=":17" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-04-02 |title=Pawan Kalyan, the latest in a line of actor-turned-politicians, positions himself as the dark horse but will he avoid the electoral fate of his eldest brother Chiranjeevi? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/nation/story/20150413-pawan-kalyan-andhra-pradesh-bjp-telugu-desam-818038-2015-04-02 |access-date=2024-08-04 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=4 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240804084029/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/nation/story/20150413-pawan-kalyan-andhra-pradesh-bjp-telugu-desam-818038-2015-04-02 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In November 2016, Kalyan announced that Jana Sena will contest in the 2019 general elections in Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{cite news |date=11 November 2016 |title=Jana Sena will contest 2019 polls |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/jana-sena-will-contest-2019-polls/article9331775.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011180909/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/%E2%80%98Jana-Sena-will-contest-2019-polls%E2%80%99/article16442735.ece |archive-date=11 October 2020 |access-date=11 November 2016 |newspaper=The Hindu |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He stated that he was planning to contest from all 175 legislatures of Andhra Pradesh without any alliance.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 January 2019 |title=No tie-ups, Jana Sena to contest all 175 seats in Andhra, says Pawan Kalyan |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/no-tie-ups-jana-sena-to-contest-all-175-seats-in-andhra-says-pawan-kalyan/story-OIf1N6ZDS7WVMHQa2qSI3I.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202231028/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/no-tie-ups-jana-sena-to-contest-all-175-seats-in-andhra-says-pawan-kalyan/story-OIf1N6ZDS7WVMHQa2qSI3I.html |archive-date=2 February 2019 |access-date=7 February 2019 |website=Hindusthan Times}}</ref> In August 2017, he announced that he intended to enter full-time politics starting October 2017 once he completes his film commitments.<ref name=":19">{{cite news |date=1 August 2017 |title=Pawan Kalyan bids adieu to movies, will be a full-time politician from October |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/pawan-kalyan-bids-adieu-to-movies-will-be-a-full-time-politician-from-october-4776956/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210403193329/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/pawan-kalyan-bids-adieu-to-movies-will-be-a-full-time-politician-from-october-4776956/ |archive-date=3 April 2021 |access-date=28 March 2021 |work=The Indian Express}}</ref>

In 2017, Kalyan brought the [[Uddanam nephropathy|Uddanam kidney disease]] crisis to the attention of media and politicians through protests and a hunger strike.<ref name=":15" /> Government of Andhra Pradesh responded by constructing dialysis centres and implementing various schemes for the village.<ref>{{cite news |date=25 May 2018 |title=Pawan Kalyan begins fast to over 'Uddanam' kidney ailment |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/pawan-kalyan-begins-fast-to-over-uddanam-kidney-ailment-118052501543_1.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525183051/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/pawan-kalyan-begins-fast-to-over-uddanam-kidney-ailment-118052501543_1.html |archive-date=25 May 2018 |access-date=28 March 2021 |work=Business Standard}}</ref> In December 2017, Kalyan opposed central government's move to privatise [[Dredging Corporation of India]] (DCI).<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vijayawada/pawan-kalyan-dredges-up-row-dci-sale-sends-workers-in-tizzy/articleshow/61956059.cms |title=Pawan Kalyan dredges up row, DCI sale sends workers in tizzy |website=The Times of India |date=7 December 2017 |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124430/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vijayawada/pawan-kalyan-dredges-up-row-dci-sale-sends-workers-in-tizzy/articleshow/61956059.cms |archive-date=9 February 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sarma |first=Ch R. S. |date=6 December 2017 |title=Pawan Kalyan backs Dredging Corpn staff stir against privatisation |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/pawan-kalyan-backs-dredging-corpn-staff-stir-against-privatisation/article9984202.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310044301/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/logistics/pawan-kalyan-backs-dredging-corpn-staff-stir-against-privatisation/article9984202.ece |archive-date=10 March 2021 |access-date=8 February 2019 |website=[[Business Line]]}}</ref> In July 2018, he opposed the TDP Government's decision on forced land pooling.<ref>{{cite news |date=28 July 2018 |title=Pawan questions State's 'strong-arm tactics' in acquisition of lands |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/pawan-questions-states-strong-arm-tactics-in-acquisition-of-lands/article24543080.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011180911/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/pawan-questions-states-strong-arm-tactics-in-acquisition-of-lands/article24543080.ece |archive-date=11 October 2020 |access-date=28 July 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> In October 2018, Kalyan conducted a march on the historical [[Dowleswaram Barrage]] in [[Rajahmundry]] demanding political accountability.<ref>{{cite news |date=15 October 2018 |title=Top priority to job generation: Pawan |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/top-priority-to-job-generation-pawan/article25231701.ece#= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109031328/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/top-priority-to-job-generation-pawan/article25231701.ece |archive-date=9 November 2020 |access-date=16 October 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> In November 2018, he exposed the alleged unchecked mining in the [[Reserved forests and protected forests of India|reserved forest]] area at Vanthada village of [[Prathipadu, East Godavari district|Prathipadu]] in East Godavari district.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2018/nov/05/pawan-kalyan-alleges-hand-of-ruling-opposition-leaders-in-illegal-vanthada-mining-1894480.html |title=Pawan Kalyan alleges hand of ruling, Opposition leaders in 'illegal' Vanthada mining |work=The New Indian Express |date=5 November 2018 |access-date=25 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225163114/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2018/nov/05/pawan-kalyan-alleges-hand-of-ruling-opposition-leaders-in-illegal-vanthada-mining-1894480.html |archive-date=25 February 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> In December 2018, he led a protest march to condole the families of farmers who committed suicides or migrated from the drought-prone regions of [[Rayalaseema]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 December 2018 |title=Pawan Kalyan leads protest over drought in Andhra's Rayalaseema region |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/pawan-kalyan-leads-protest-over-drought-andhras-rayalaseema-region-92775 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124244/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/pawan-kalyan-leads-protest-over-drought-andhras-rayalaseema-region-92775 |archive-date=9 February 2019 |access-date=8 February 2019 |website=The News Minute}}</ref>

=== 2019–2024: Setback and resurgence ===
Pawan Kalyan announced the Jana Sena Party's 2019 election manifesto at a public meeting in [[Rajahmundry]], outlining measures to improve the lives of farmers, farm labourers, women, youth, and students.<ref>{{cite web |date=14 March 2019 |title=Jana Sena Party releases manifesto for 2019 elections |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/jana-sena-party-release-manfesto-for-2019-elections-512043 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321044047/https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/jana-sena-party-release-manfesto-for-2019-elections-512043 |archive-date=21 March 2019 |access-date=17 March 2019 |website=The Hans India}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Staff Reporter |date=15 March 2019 |title=JSP manifesto focuses on youth and farmers |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly/jsp-manifesto-focuses-on-youth-and-farmers/article26541490.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011180910/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly/jsp-manifesto-focuses-on-youth-and-farmers/article26541490.ece |archive-date=11 October 2020 |access-date=15 March 2019 |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> He announced that his party would contest the 2019 elections in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in alliance with the [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] (BSP), [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI), and [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPM).<ref>{{cite news |date=3 January 2019 |title=Left parties, Janasena to contest together in AP Assembly elections: CPI Narayana |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2019-01-03/Left-parties-Janasena-to-contest-together-in-AP-Assembly-elections-CPI-Narayana/468794/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210403193442/https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2019-01-03/Left-parties-Janasena-to-contest-together-in-AP-Assembly-elections-CPI-Narayana/468794/ |archive-date=3 April 2021 |access-date=28 March 2021 |work=The Hans India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=15 March 2019 |title=Janasena-BSP alliance for AP elections, Mayawati wants to see Pawan Kalyan as CM |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/janasena--bsp-alliance-for-ap-elections-mayawati-wants-to-see-pawan-kalyan-as-cm-512347 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011180920/https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/janasena--bsp-alliance-for-ap-elections-mayawati-wants-to-see-pawan-kalyan-as-cm-512347 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |access-date=17 March 2019 |website=The Hans India}}</ref> While actively campaigning across Andhra Pradesh, Kalyan experienced health issues, including dizziness and nausea. He was hospitalized and treated in [[Vijayawada]] after experiencing vomiting, dehydration, and drowsiness at [[Vijayawada Airport|Gannavaram Airport]]. The campaign resumed once he recovered.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 April 2019 |title=Pawan Kalyan hospitalized, suffers sunstroke |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/vijayawada/2019/apr/06/pawan-kalyan-suffers-sunstroke-hospitalised-1960858.html |website=The New Indian Express |access-date=30 May 2023 |archive-date=30 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530134219/https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/vijayawada/2019/apr/06/pawan-kalyan-suffers-sunstroke-hospitalised-1960858.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=6 April 2019 |title=Pawan Kalyan fell ill due to sunstroke |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/pawan-kalyan-fell-ill-due-to-sun-stroke-518456 |website=The Hand India |access-date=30 May 2023 |archive-date=30 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530134223/https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/pawan-kalyan-fell-ill-due-to-sun-stroke-518456 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Jana Sena Party contested in 140 constituencies in the [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]], of which, Kalyan contested in two constituencies – [[Gajuwaka (Assembly constituency)|Gajuwaka]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/andhra-pradesh/andhra-pradesh-assembly-elections-pawan-kalyan-to-contest-from-gajuwaka-and-bhimavaram/articleshow/68478694.cms |title=Andhra Pradesh assembly elections: Pawan Kalyan to contest from Gajuwaka and Bhimavaram |website=The Times of India |date=19 March 2019 |access-date=19 March 2019 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011180920/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/andhra-pradesh/andhra-pradesh-assembly-elections-pawan-kalyan-to-contest-from-gajuwaka-and-bhimavaram/articleshow/68478694.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Bhimavaram (Assembly constituency)|Bhimavaram]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/ap-assembly-jana-sena-chief-pawan-kalyan-contest-bhimavaram-and-gajuwaka-98570 |title=AP Assembly:Jana Sena chief Pawan Kalyan to contest from Bhimavaram and Gajuwaka |website=thenewsminute.com |date=19 March 2019 |access-date=19 March 2019 |archive-date=11 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011180926/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/ap-assembly-jana-sena-chief-pawan-kalyan-contest-bhimavaram-and-gajuwaka-98570 |url-status=live }}</ref> He lost in both constituencies to candidates from [[YSR Congress Party]].<ref>{{cite news|date=24 May 2019|title=Embarrassing loss for Pawan Kalyan|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/embarrassing-loss-for-pawan-kalyan/article27228822.ece|url-status=live|access-date=28 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210402103327/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/embarrassing-loss-for-pawan-kalyan/article27228822.ece|archive-date=2 April 2021}}</ref> His party was able to win from [[Razole (SC) (Assembly constituency)|Razole]], making it the only seat it won in the election.<ref>{{cite news|date=24 May 2019|title=Pawan Kalyan loses both seats, Jana Sena wins one|work=Deccan Chronicle|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/240519/pawan-kalyan-loses-both-seats-js-wins-one.html|url-status=live|access-date=28 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108002732/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/240519/pawan-kalyan-loses-both-seats-js-wins-one.html|archive-date=8 November 2020}}</ref> But the party garnered around 6% vote share.

After the 2019 setback, Kalyan and JSP focused on highlighting issues like farmer welfare, transparent governance, poor infrastructure, illegal sand mining, women's safety, land encroachment etc. On 3 November 2019, Kalyan led a long march in [[Visakhapatnam]] in support of construction workers, against YSR Congress Party, who have been facing unemployment due to a shortage of supply of [[Sand mining|sand]] in Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Reddy|first=Jahnavi|date=4 November 2019|title='Compensate workers in 2 weeks':Pawan Kalyan holds rally in Vizag over sand shortage|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/compensate-workers-2-weeks-pawan-kalyan-holds-rally-vizag-over-sand-shortage-111670|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104101802/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/compensate-workers-2-weeks-pawan-kalyan-holds-rally-vizag-over-sand-shortage-111670|archive-date=4 November 2019|access-date=28 March 2021|website=The News Minute}}</ref> On 16 January 2020, Kalyan announced his party's alliance with BJP, after three years of distancing from it.<ref>{{cite news|date=16 January 2020|title=Pawan Kalyan's Jana Sena and BJP join hands in Andhra Pradesh to emerge as third alternative|work=The New Indian Express|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2020/jan/16/pawan-kalyans-jana-sena-and-bjp-join-hands-in-andhra-pradesh-to-emerge-as-third-alternative-2090394.html|url-status=live|access-date=28 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200119142234/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2020/jan/16/pawan-kalyans-jana-sena-and-bjp-join-hands-in-andhra-pradesh-to-emerge-as-third-alternative-2090394.html|archive-date=19 January 2020}}</ref> On 12 February 2020, he led a rally for justice to Sugali Preethi, a 15-year-old girl who was raped and murdered, in [[Kurnool]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/pawan-kalyan-protest-against-kurnool-rape-murder-faces-student-opposition-117865 |title=Pawan Kalyan to protest against Kurnool rape-murder, faces student opposition |website=thenewsminute.com |date=10 February 2020 |access-date=10 February 2020 |archive-date=25 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225091101/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/pawan-kalyan-protest-against-kurnool-rape-murder-faces-student-opposition-117865 |url-status=live }}</ref> He demanded an inquiry by [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] (CBI) into the incident.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bandari|first=Pavan Kumar|date=19 February 2020|title=Jana Sena chief Pawan Kalyan welcomes Jagan's move over CBI inquiry on Sugali Preethi's case|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/jana-sena-chief-pawan-kalyan-welcomes-jagans-move-over-cbi-inquiry-on-sugali-preethis-case-606148|url-status=live|access-date=28 March 2021|website=The Hans India|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210403193854/https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/jana-sena-chief-pawan-kalyan-welcomes-jagans-move-over-cbi-inquiry-on-sugali-preethis-case-606148|archive-date=3 April 2021}}</ref> In late 2022, Kalyan started 'Jana Vani,' a series of small public meetings to hear people's grievances. In 2023, he launched a state-wide yatra in his customized vehicle 'Varahi,' aimed at strengthening the party's connection with the voters.<ref name=":4" />

In the 2024 [[2024 Indian general election|General]] and state [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Assembly]] elections, Kalyan played a key role in forging an alliance between JSP, TDP and [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] by limiting the number of seats his party contested. The alliance swept to power in a landslide victory, with Jana Sena winning each of the seats it contested {{Em dash}} 21 [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] seats and 2 [[Member of Parliament (India)|MP]] seats. Kalyan was elected to the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] from [[Pithapuram Assembly constituency|Pithapuram constituency]] by a margin of over 70,000 votes.<ref name=":4" />

=== 2024–present: Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh ===
[[File:Prime Minister Of Bharat Shri Narendra Damodardas Modi attending Swearing in ceremony of newly elected Government Of Andhra Pradesh.jpg|thumb|235x235px|Pawan Kalyan at the swearing-in ceremony of the newly elected Government of Andhra Pradesh]]
On 12 June 2024, Pawan Kalyan was sworn in as a [[Fourth N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry|cabinet minister]] in the [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]], and on 14 June 2024, he was announced as the [[List of deputy chief ministers of Andhra Pradesh|deputy chief minister of Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-06-14 |title=Full list of Andhra Pradesh Cabinet Ministers with portfolios: Who gets what |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly/andhra-pradesh-council-of-ministers-full-list/article68288989.ece |access-date=2024-06-17 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615022120/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly/andhra-pradesh-council-of-ministers-full-list/article68288989.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> He is also the Minister of Panchayat Raj, Rural Development & Rural Water Supply; Environment, Forests, Science & Technology.<ref>{{cite news |date=12 June 2024 |title=Chandrababu Naidu Takes Oath As Andhra Chief Minister, Pawan Kalyan As His Deputy |url=https://www.news18.com/politics/chandrababu-naidu-takes-oath-as-andhra-chief-minister-pawan-kalyan-as-his-deputy-8930015.html |website=News18.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=14 June 2024 |title=Pawan Kalyan named Deputy CM, Nara Lokesh IT minister in Andhra Pradesh government |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pawan-kalyan-named-deputy-cm-nara-lokesh-it-minister-in-andhra-pradesh-government-101718359878590.html |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |archive-date=14 June 2024 |access-date=14 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240614114103/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pawan-kalyan-named-deputy-cm-nara-lokesh-it-minister-in-andhra-pradesh-government-101718359878590.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In August 2024, under Pawan Kalyan's leadership, the Panchayat Raj and Rural Development Department held [[Gram sabha|Grama Sabhas]] (village council meetings) in 13,326 villages in one day. This achievement was recognized as a world record by the World Records Union (WRU), and Kalyan received the certificate and medal from WRU as the minister of the department.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavendra |first=V. |date=2024-09-16 |title=Conduct of Grama Sabhas in 13,326 villages on August 23 recognised as a world record |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/conduct-of-grama-sabhas-in-13326-villages-on-august-23-recognised-as-a-world-record/article68647659.ece |access-date=2024-10-22 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=7 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007124649/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/conduct-of-grama-sabhas-in-13326-villages-on-august-23-recognised-as-a-world-record/article68647659.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> In October 2024, Kalyan launched the Palle Panduga Panchayat Varotsavalu programme, addressing issues raised during the August Grama Sabhas and overseeing 30,000 development projects across 13,326 Grama Panchayats, with a total allocation of ₹4,500 crore.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=K. Kalyan Krishna |date=2024-10-15 |title=Rs 4,500 crore works launched in 13,000 Gram Panchayats in Andhra Pradesh |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2024/Oct/15/rs-4500-crore-works-launched-in-13000-gram-panchayats-in-andhra-pradesh |access-date=2024-10-22 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

In October 2024, Pawan Kalyan directed the [[Kakinada district]] collector to inspect schools, hospitals, and sanitation facilities in 52 Gram Panchayats in his [[Pithapuram Assembly constituency|Pithapuram constituency]], aiming to resolve local issues.<ref>{{Cite web |author=MD Ilyas |date=2024-10-12 |title=Pawan Kalyan zeroes in on Pithapuram to speed up development |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/southern-states/andhra-pradesh/pawan-kalyan-zeroes-in-on-pithapuram-to-speed-up-development-1829800 |access-date=2024-10-22 |website=Deccan Chronicle |language=en |archive-date=3 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203204850/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/southern-states/andhra-pradesh/pawan-kalyan-zeroes-in-on-pithapuram-to-speed-up-development-1829800 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Philanthropy ==
Pawan Kalyan is known for his extensive philanthropic efforts, supporting a wide range of social causes including disaster relief, healthcare, education, farmers' welfare, soldiers' welfare, [[parasports]], [[elderly care]], orphan welfare, arts, literature, and temples.<ref name=":6" /> He has provided financial support to individuals in need and has also organized broader efforts to aid various communities.{{Refn|<ref name="R G Vijayasarathy"/><ref name=JAC/>}} In 2017, he was chosen for the Indo-European Business Forum's Excellence Award in recognition of his work as philanthropic and social work.<ref name=":6" />

In 1998, Pawan Kalyan donated {{Indian Rupee}}75,000 as a [[fixed deposit]] for the infant son of a lift operator who died during the filming of ''[[Thammudu]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1998 |title=పవన్ కళ్యాణ్, శ్రీ వెంకటేశ్వర ఆర్ట్ ఫిలింస్ వితరణ |url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FR5EkbEaAAA9Fsl.jpg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504055127/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FR5EkbEaAAA9Fsl.jpg |archive-date=4 May 2022 |language=te}}</ref> In 1999, he donated {{Indian Rupee}}1 [[lakh]] for the welfare of Indian soldiers participating in the [[Kargil War]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=1999 |title='తమ్ముడు' విరాళం |url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FR4guQ-aMAE5C2W.jpg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504031445/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FR4guQ-aMAE5C2W.jpg |archive-date=4 May 2022 |language=te}}</ref> In 2007, he founded the charity Common Man Protection Force by donating an initial fund of {{Indian Rupee}}1 [[crore]].{{Refn|<ref name="R G Vijayasarathy">{{Cite web |author=R G Vijayasarathy |date=2 November 2007 |title=Chiru's brother lends a hand to common man |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2007/nov/02kalyan.htm |access-date=2023-05-05 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref><ref name=JAC/>}} In 2012, he donated {{Indian Rupee}}5 lakh to shooter C. Rekha of [[Anantapur]] to avail better training facilities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-07-28 |title=Shooter gets gift from Pawan Kalyan |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/2012/Jul/28/shooter-gets-gift-from-pawan-kalyan-391622.html |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802211115/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/telugu/2012/Jul/28/shooter-gets-gift-from-pawan-kalyan-391622.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2013, he provided financial assistance and essential supplies to an [[Retirement home|old-age home]] in [[Khammam]] facing an existential crisis<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 June 2016 |title=Pawan Kalyan helps a old age home |url=http://www.indiaherald.com/Movies/Read/135743/Pawan-Kalyan-helps-a-old-age-home |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=India Herald |language=en |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802130316/https://www.indiaherald.com/Movies/Read/135743/Pawan-Kalyan-helps-a-old-age-home |url-status=live }}</ref> and donated {{Indian Rupee}}20 lakh for [[2013 North India floods|Uttarakhand flood]] victims.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 June 2013 |title=Pawan donates 20 lakhs for Uttarakhand flood victims |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/pawan-donates-20-lakhs-for-uttarakhand-flood-victims/articleshow/20724074.cms |access-date=2024-08-02 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=3 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703221721/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Pawan-donates-20-lakhs-for-Uttarakhand-flood-victims/articleshow/20724074.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2014, he donated {{Indian Rupee}}50 lakh to the Chief Minister's relief fund for [[Cyclone Hudhud]] relief in Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-10-15 |title=Hudhud aftermath: Actor Pawan Kalyan donates Rs 50 lakh to relief fund |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/telugu-actor-pawan-kalyan-gives-rs-50-lakh-for-cyclone-relief-work-223205-2014-10-15 |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=26 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326151927/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/telugu-actor-pawan-kalyan-gives-rs-50-lakh-for-cyclone-relief-work-223205-2014-10-15 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2016, he funded the reprint of [[Gunturu Seshendra Sarma]]'s popular book ''Adhunika Mahabharatam'' and also wrote a foreword for it.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kavirayani |first=Suresh |date=2016-07-08 |title=Pawan Kalyan reprints Seshendra's book |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/070716/pawan-kalyan-reprints-seshendras-book.html |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=Deccan Chronicle |language=en |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802130313/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/070716/pawan-kalyan-reprints-seshendras-book.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He also donated {{Indian Rupee}}5 lakh to Gota Satish Kumar, a double amputee on a 50,000 km bike journey across the country.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-10 |title=Pawan Kalyan's Financial Aid to an Inspiring Bike Rider |url=https://www.m9.news/movienews/pawan-kalyan-financial-aid-to-an-inspiring-bike-rider-gota-satish-kumar/ |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=M9.news |language=en-US}}</ref> In January 2018, Kalyan donated {{Indian Rupee}}11 lakh to [[Kondagattu Anjaneya Swamy Temple|Kondagattu Anjaneya Swamy temple]] for developmental works.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-01-22 |title=Pawan Kalyan donates Rs 11 lakh for Hanuman temple |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Telangana/2018-01-22/Pawan-Kalyan-donates-Rs-11-lakh-for-Hanuman-temple/353540 |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=The Hans India |language=en |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802130313/https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Telangana/2018-01-22/Pawan-Kalyan-donates-Rs-11-lakh-for-Hanuman-temple/353540 |url-status=live }}</ref> In April 2018, he announced a donation of ₹24 lakh, providing ₹1 lakh to each of the 24 teams of [[Disability|specially-abled]] cricketers competing in the second National T20 Challenge Cup tournament.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Subrahmanyam |first=V. V. |date=2018-04-16 |title='Special' show of will and the willow |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/special-show-of-will-and-the-willow/article23564559.ece |access-date=2024-08-01 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

In 2019, Pawan Kalyan made a donation of {{Indian Rupee}}1.32 crore to the Dasavathara Venkateswara Swamy temple in Guntur district for a 'Free Food Distribution' program.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 April 2019 |title=Janasena chief Pawan Kalyan donates Rs 1.32 Crs |url=https://andhrapradesh.suryaa.com/ap-english-5098-janasena-chief-pawan-kalyan-donates-rs-1-32-crs.html |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=[[Suryaa (newspaper)|Suryaa]] |language=en}}</ref> In February 2020, he donated {{Indian Rupee}}1 crore for the welfare of the families of Indian army men and to authorities at the [[Department of Ex-servicemen Welfare|Kendriya Sainik Board]] in [[New Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-20 |title=JSP chief Pawan Kalyan donates Rs 1 crore for Army men's welfare |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/andhra-pradesh/jsp-chief-pawan-kalyan-donates-rs-1-crore-army-men-s-welfare-118601 |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref> In March 2020, Kalyan donated ₹2 crore to combat the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], with ₹50 lakh each to the Chief Minister Relief Funds of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, and ₹1 crore to the Prime Minister Relief Fund.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-04-27 |title=Coronavirus Pandemic: Pawan Kalyan donates Rs 2 crore for relief measures |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/coronavirus-pandemic-pawan-kalyan-donates-rs-2-crore-for-relief-measures/articleshow/74824061.cms |access-date=2024-08-01 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=7 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207065322/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/coronavirus-pandemic-pawan-kalyan-donates-rs-2-crore-for-relief-measures/articleshow/74824061.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> In October 2020, he donated {{Indian Rupee}}1 crore to Telangana Chief Minister relief fund for assistance in Hyderabad floods.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-21 |title=Pawan Kalyan donates Rs 1 crore to Telangana CM relief fund for Hyderabad floods |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/pawan-kalyan-donates-rs-1-crore-to-telangana-cm-relief-fund-for-hyderabad-floods-1733788-2020-10-21 |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802130314/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/pawan-kalyan-donates-rs-1-crore-to-telangana-cm-relief-fund-for-hyderabad-floods-1733788-2020-10-21 |url-status=live }}</ref> In January 2021, he donated {{Indian Rupee}}30 lakh for the construction of [[Ram Mandir]] in [[Ayodhya]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-24 |title=Pawan Kalyan donates Rs 30 lakh for construction of Ram Temple in Ayodhya |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/pawan-kalyan-donates-rs-30-lakh-for-construction-of-ram-temple-in-ayodhya-7159751/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=4 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204173201/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/pawan-kalyan-donates-rs-30-lakh-for-construction-of-ram-temple-in-ayodhya-7159751/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In March 2021, he visited a cancer-afflicted fan and donated {{Indian Rupee}}5 lakh to his parents towards his medical expenses.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-10 |title=Pawan Kalyan: క్యాన్సర్‌‌‌‌తో పోరాడుతున్న అభిమానిని పరామర్శించిన పవర్‌‌‌‌‌‌‌స్టార్ పవన్ కళ్యాణ్.. |url=https://tv9telugu.com/photo-gallery/cinema-photos/janasena-chief-pawan-kalyan-meets-his-fan-who-is-suffering-from-cancer-434092-3.html |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=[[TV9 Telugu]] |language=te |archive-date=3 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203120104/https://tv9telugu.com/photo-gallery/cinema-photos/janasena-chief-pawan-kalyan-meets-his-fan-who-is-suffering-from-cancer-434092-3.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In September 2021, he donated {{Indian Rupee}}2 lakh financial aid to the folk artist [[Darshanam Mogilaiah|Darsanam Mogilaiah]] through Pawan Kalyan Learning Centre for Human Excellence, a trust founded by him.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-05 |title=Telugu star Pawan Kalyan gives Rs 2 lakhs aid to folk artist Kinnera Mogilaiah |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2021/Sep/05/telugu-star-pawan-kalyan-gives-rs-2-lakhs-aid-to-folk-artist-kinnera-mogilaiah-2354457.html |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802184652/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2021/Sep/05/telugu-star-pawan-kalyan-gives-rs-2-lakhs-aid-to-folk-artist-kinnera-mogilaiah-2354457.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In October 2021, Pawan Kalyan contributed ₹1 crore towards converting the house of former Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister [[Damodaram Sanjivayya]] into a memorial.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Anukaran |date=2021-10-22 |title=కోటి రూపాయల విరాళం ప్రకటించిన పవన్ కల్యాణ్ |url=https://www.dishadaily.com/pawan-kalyan-announces-donation-of-one-crore |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=Disha Daily |language=te |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802200356/https://www.dishadaily.com/pawan-kalyan-announces-donation-of-one-crore |url-status=live }}</ref> In March 2022, he donated {{Indian Rupee}}2 lakh to [[India national under-19 cricket team|Indian under-19 cricket team]] vice-captain [[Shaik Rasheed]] through his trust.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-08 |title=అండర్‌ -19 క్రికెటర్‌ షేక్‌ రషీద్‌కు పవన్‌ కల్యాణ్‌ ఆర్థిక సాయం |url=https://www.ntnews.com/andhrapradesh-news/pawan-kalyan-financial-assistance-to-under-19-cricketer-sheikh-rashid-484569 |access-date=2024-08-02 |website=[[Namasthe Telangana]] |language=te |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802184652/https://www.ntnews.com/andhrapradesh-news/pawan-kalyan-financial-assistance-to-under-19-cricketer-sheikh-rashid-484569 |url-status=live }}</ref> In April 2022, Pawan Kalyan donated {{Indian Rupee}}5 crore for farmers' welfare from his remuneration for ''[[Bheemla Nayak]]'' film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-06 |title=Janasena Chief Pawan Kalyan Donates Rs 5 Crore For Welfare Of Farmers |url=https://news.abplive.com/news/janasena-chief-pawan-kalyan-donates-rs-5-crore-for-welfare-of-farmers-1523927 |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=[[ABP News]] |language=en |archive-date=3 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203170525/https://news.abplive.com/news/janasena-chief-pawan-kalyan-donates-rs-5-crore-for-welfare-of-farmers-1523927 |url-status=live }}</ref> In June 2022, he provided financial assistance of ₹74 lakh, distributing ₹1 lakh each to kin of 74 [[tenant farmer]]s who committed suicide and assured to fund the education of two daughters of a deceased farmer.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Murali |first=S. |date=2022-06-19 |title=Andhra Pradesh: Pawan distributes ₹1 lakh each to kin of 74 tenant farmers who ended lives |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/andhra-pradesh-pawan-distributes-1-lakh-each-to-kin-of-74-tenant-farmers-who-ended-lives/article65542735.ece |access-date=2024-08-01 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=4 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204170627/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/andhra-pradesh-pawan-distributes-1-lakh-each-to-kin-of-74-tenant-farmers-who-ended-lives/article65542735.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> In November 2022, he extended financial aid of ₹39 lakh, providing ₹1 lakh each to 39 residents of Ippatam village in Guntur district, whose houses were demolished by the government.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Boda |first=Tharun |date=2022-11-27 |title=Pawan Kalyan distributes ₹39 lakh to Ippatam villagers |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/andhra-pradesh-pawan-kalyan-distributes-39-lakh-to-ippatam-villagers/article66192047.ece |access-date=2024-08-02 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=2 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802184652/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/andhra-pradesh-pawan-kalyan-distributes-39-lakh-to-ippatam-villagers/article66192047.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> In November 2023, he distributed ₹24.5 lakh in relief by providing cheques of ₹50,000 each to 49 fishermen in Visakhapatnam who lost their livelihoods due to a fire accident.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gopal |first=B. Madhu |date=2023-11-24 |title=Pawan Kalyan gives away ₹50,000 each to victims of Vizag fishing harbour fire |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/pawan-kalyan-gives-away-50000-each-to-victims-of-vizag-fishing-harbour-fire/article67570802.ece |access-date=2024-08-02 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=9 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909140219/https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/pawan-kalyan-gives-away-50000-each-to-victims-of-vizag-fishing-harbour-fire/article67570802.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>

In September 2024, Pawan Kalyan personally donated ₹6 crore for flood relief, with ₹1 crore each to the CM Relief Funds of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, and ₹4 crore to flood-affected gram panchayats.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-04 |title=Pawan Kalyan Pledges Rs 6 Crore in Wake of AP and Telangana Floods; Praises CM Chandrababu's Efforts |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!entertainment/pawan-kalyan-pledges-rs-6-crore-in-wake-of-ap-and-telangana-floods-enn24090403926 |access-date=2024-10-05 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=en |archive-date=7 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007095858/https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!entertainment/pawan-kalyan-pledges-rs-6-crore-in-wake-of-ap-and-telangana-floods-enn24090403926 |url-status=live }}</ref> In October 2024, he donated ₹60 lakh from his personal funds to develop a sports ground for the Mysuravaripalli government school in the [[Kodur Assembly constituency|Railway Koduru constituency]] of [[Annamayya district]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 October 2024 |title=Deputy CM Pawan Kalyan: క్రీడామైదానానికి సొంతంగా రూ.60 లక్షలు ఇచ్చిన పవన్‌ |url=https://www.eenadu.net/telugu-news/andhra-pradesh/deputy-cm-pawan-kalyan-gave-rs-60-lakhs-for-the-sports-ground/1702/124184482 |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=Eenadu |language=te |archive-date=6 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206233615/https://www.eenadu.net/telugu-news/andhra-pradesh/deputy-cm-pawan-kalyan-gave-rs-60-lakhs-for-the-sports-ground/1702/124184482 |url-status=live }}</ref> In October 2024, Kalyan donated ₹10 lakh, offering ₹1 lakh to each family affected by the water contamination incident in Gurla village, [[Vizianagaram district]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-10-21 |title=Deputy CM Pawan visits Gurla and announced personal aid of Rs one lakh each to deceased families |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vijayawada/deputy-cm-pawan-visits-gurla-and-announced-personal-aid-of-rs-one-lakh-each-to-deceased-families/articleshow/114435989.cms |access-date=2024-10-22 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=27 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241227125413/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vijayawada/deputy-cm-pawan-visits-gurla-and-announced-personal-aid-of-rs-one-lakh-each-to-deceased-families/articleshow/114435989.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Other works ==
In April 2001, soft-drink giant [[Pepsi]], announced him as its brand ambassador, making him the first South Indian to endorse the popular soft-drink.,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/lf/2002/03/16/stories/2002031601450200.htm |title=A mouthful of bitter pill(s) |access-date=22 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030715111625/http://thehindu.com/thehindu/lf/2002/03/16/stories/2002031601450200.htm |archive-date=15 July 2003 |website=[[The Hindu]] |url-status=dead }}</ref> In January 2017, Kalyan agreed to take up the role of the brand ambassador for handloom weavers in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2017-01-18/Pawan-Kalyan-turns-brand-ambassador-for-handloom-weavers-in-AP-Telangana/274225 |title=Pawan Kalyan turns brand ambassador for handloom weavers in AP, Telangana |date=18 January 2017 |access-date=18 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170120134928/http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2017-01-18/Pawan-Kalyan-turns-brand-ambassador-for-handloom-weavers-in-AP-Telangana/274225 |archive-date=20 January 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> In August 2017, Kalyan was asked to be the brand ambassador to Jeevandan, an initiative started for [[organ donation]] by the government of Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/amaravati/pawan-kalyan-appointed-as-jeevan-dhaan-brand-ambassador/articleshow/59846596.cms |title=Pawan Kalyan appointed as 'Jeevan Dhaan' brand ambassador |website=[[The Times of India]] |date=31 July 2017 |access-date=13 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829170635/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/amaravati/pawan-kalyan-appointed-as-jeevan-dhaan-brand-ambassador/articleshow/59846596.cms |archive-date=29 August 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Kalyan was invited to [[Harvard University]] to deliver a speech at the 14th edition of India Conference 2017 along with [[R. Madhavan]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/madhavan-pawan-kalyan-to-speak-at-india-conference-at-harvard-117011600578_1.html |title=Madhavan, Pawan Kalyan to speak at India Conference at Harvard |agency=Press Trust of India |date=16 January 2017 |work=Business Standard India |access-date=21 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222083523/https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/madhavan-pawan-kalyan-to-speak-at-india-conference-at-harvard-117011600578_1.html |archive-date=22 December 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Pawan Kalyan is the younger brother of actors [[Chiranjeevi]] and [[Nagendra Babu]], and the uncle of actors [[Ram Charan]], [[Allu Arjun]], [[Varun Tej]], [[Niharika Konidela]], [[Sai Durgha Tej]], and [[Panja Vaisshnav Tej]].<ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2018 |title=Ram Charan Teja says he will campaign for uncle Pawan Kalyan in 2019 |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/ram-charan-teja-says-he-will-campaign-uncle-pawan-kalyan-2019-81909 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813210336/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/ram-charan-teja-says-he-will-campaign-uncle-pawan-kalyan-2019-81909 |archive-date=13 August 2018 |access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2 September 2017 |title=Varun Tej does a Pawan Kalyan |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/020917/varun-tej-does-a-pawan-kalyan.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813180639/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/020917/varun-tej-does-a-pawan-kalyan.html |archive-date=13 August 2018 |access-date=13 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=20 February 2017 |title=Sai Dharam Tej credits uncle Pawan Kalyan for making him understand fan power |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/sai-dharam-tej-credits-uncle-pawan-kalyan-for-making-him-understand-fan-power/articleshow/57246572.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181021124523/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/sai-dharam-tej-credits-uncle-pawan-kalyan-for-making-him-understand-fan-power/articleshow/57246572.cms |archive-date=21 October 2018 |access-date=21 October 2018 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

Kalyan married Nandini in May 1997, but they separated by 1999.<ref name="marriage">{{cite news |author=U. Sudhakar Reddy |date=29 December 2013 |title=Pawan Kalyan is married to Russian Anna Lezhneva |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/131229/entertainment-tollywood/article/pawan-kalyan-ties-third-knot |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101051914/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/131229/entertainment-tollywood/article/pawan-kalyan-ties-third-knot |archive-date=1 January 2014 |access-date=15 January 2014 |work=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref> Their divorce was finalized in 2008, with Kalyan paying ₹5 crore as a one-time settlement.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2009 |title=Pavan Kalyan gets married |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/pavan-kalyan-gets-married/articleshow/4044370.cms |access-date=14 July 2021 |website=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=14 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714210531/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/pavan-kalyan-gets-married/articleshow/4044370.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 January 2008 |title=Actor cleared of bigamy charge |url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/news/india/actor-cleared-of-bigamy-charge/articleshow/15775836.cms |access-date=18 July 2021 |website=Mumbai Mirror |language=en |archive-date=18 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718085802/https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/news/india/actor-cleared-of-bigamy-charge/articleshow/15775836.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2001, Kalyan began a relationship with [[Renu Desai]], and they married in January 2009 in a ceremony conducted according to [[Arya Samaj]] rites at his residence in [[Jubilee Hills]]. They have a son and a daughter together. The couple divorced in 2012.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Rhode |first=Shruti |date=20 December 2020 |title=All you need to know about Pawan Kalyan's roller-coaster love life |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/article/all-you-need-to-know-about-pawan-kalyans-roller-coaster-love-life/696899 |access-date=14 July 2021 |website=[[Times Now]] |archive-date=14 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714194319/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/article/all-you-need-to-know-about-pawan-kalyans-roller-coaster-love-life/696899 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="thenewsminute.com">{{Cite web |date=2016-09-19 |title='We're still good friends,' says Pawan Kalyan's ex wife Renu Desai |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/were-still-good-friends-says-pawan-kalyans-ex-wife-renu-desai-50077 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=The News Minute |language=en |archive-date=8 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608180100/https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/were-still-good-friends-says-pawan-kalyans-ex-wife-renu-desai-50077 |url-status=live }}</ref> Renu later stated that they parted ways for personal reasons but still maintain a friendly relationship.<ref name="thenewsminute.com"/>

Kalyan married Anna Lezhneva, a Russian citizen, in September 2013 under the [[Special Marriage Act, 1954|Special Marriage Act]] at a Sub-Registrar Office in Hyderabad.<ref name="marriage" /> The couple has a daughter and a son.<ref name="it1">{{cite web |title=Pawan Kalyan's son with Anna Lezhneva named Mark Shankar Pawanovich? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/pawan-kalyan-anna-lezhneva-baby-boy-mark-shankar-pawanovich-1076511-2017-11-03 |website=India Today |date=3 November 2017 |access-date=19 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420010642/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/pawan-kalyan-anna-lezhneva-baby-boy-mark-shankar-pawanovich-1076511-2017-11-03 |archive-date=20 April 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=17 December 2020|title=Spotted: Pawan Kalyan's wife Anna Lezhneva clicked with children at Hyderabad Airport|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/spotted-pawan-kalyans-wife-anna-lezhneva-clicked-with-children-at-hyderabad-airport/articleshow/79772535.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430045230/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/spotted-pawan-kalyans-wife-anna-lezhneva-clicked-with-children-at-hyderabad-airport/articleshow/79772535.cms|archive-date=30 April 2021|access-date=15 July 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> Outside of his career, Kalyan holds a [[black belt (martial arts)|black belt]] in [[Karate]] and is an avid reader.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Prakash |first=B. V. S. |date=2024-06-10 |title=Pawan Kalyan, a karate maestro |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/tabloid/hyderabad-chronicle/pawan-kalyan-a-karate-maestro-898106 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-02 |title=How Kalyan became Pawan Kalyan because of his love for martial arts. On Throwback Thursday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/how-kalyan-became-pawan-kalyan-because-of-his-love-for-martial-arts-on-throwback-thursday-1848477-2021-09-02 |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=22 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622071405/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/how-kalyan-became-pawan-kalyan-because-of-his-love-for-martial-arts-on-throwback-thursday-1848477-2021-09-02 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Filmography ==
{{Main|Pawan Kalyan filmography}}

== Awards and nominations ==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Award
! scope="col" | Category
! scope="col" | Film
! scope="col" | Result
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
| 1999
| [[47th Filmfare Awards South]]
| rowspan="4" | [[Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]]
| ''[[Thammudu]]''
| {{nominated}}
|
|-
| 2001
| [[49th Filmfare Awards South]]
| ''[[Kushi (2001 film)|Kushi]]''
| {{nominated}}
| <ref>{{cite news|title=The 49th Filmfare Awards-South|work=The Times of India|url=http://downloads.movies.indiatimes.com/south2001/tel_nom.html#ba|access-date=1 April 2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110153614/http://downloads.movies.indiatimes.com/south2001/tel_nom.html#ba|archive-date=10 November 2013}}</ref>
|-
| 2008
| [[56th Filmfare Awards South]]
| ''[[Jalsa]]''
| {{nominated}}
| <ref>{{cite news|title=56th Filmfare Awards 2008 – South|work=The Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/56th-Filmfare-Awards-2008--South/articleshow/4804867.cms|url-status=live|access-date=22 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003225147/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/56th-Filmfare-Awards-2008--South/articleshow/4804867.cms|archive-date=3 October 2015}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" | 2012
| [[60th Filmfare Awards South]]
| rowspan="4" | ''[[Gabbar Singh (film)|Gabbar Singh]]''
| {{Won}}
| <ref>{{cite news|title=List of Winners at the 60th Idea Filmfare Awards (South)|publisher=filmfare|url=http://www.filmfare.com/news/list-of-winners-at-the-60th-idea-filmfare-awards-south-3745.html|url-status=dead|access-date=21 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225043927/http://www.filmfare.com/news/list-of-winners-at-the-60th-idea-filmfare-awards-south-3745.html|archive-date=25 February 2015}}</ref>
|-
| Hyderabad Times Film Awards
| Best Actor
| {{Won}}
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Hyderabad Times Film Awards 2012|work=The Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/telugu/news-interviews/Hyderabad-Times-Film-Awards-2012/articleshow/26743534.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160213105736/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/telugu/news-interviews/Hyderabad-Times-Film-Awards-2012/articleshow/26743534.cms|archive-date=13 February 2016}}</ref>
|-
| [[CineMAA Awards]]
| [[CineMAA Award for Best Actor – Male|Best Actor – Male]]
| {{Won}}
| <ref>{{cite news |date=16 June 2013 |title=Nitya, Nag bag awards on star-studded night |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/nitya-nag-bag-awards-on-starstudded-night/article4818019.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111122516/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/nitya-nag-bag-awards-on-starstudded-night/article4818019.ece |archive-date=11 January 2016 |access-date=16 June 2013 |work=The Hindu |location=Chennai, India}}</ref>
|-
| [[2nd South Indian International Movie Awards|South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| [[SIIMA Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]]
| {{Won}}
| <ref>{{Cite news |date=14 September 2013 |title=SIIMA 2013 Awards winners list |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/siima-2013-awards-winners-list/articleshow/22576877.cms |access-date=2024-10-13 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=22 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122160702/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/SIIMA-2013-Awards-winners-list/articleshow/22576877.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" | 2013
| [[61st Filmfare Awards South]]
| Best Actor – Telugu
| rowspan="4" | ''[[Attarintiki Daredi]]''
| {{nominated}}
| <ref>{{Cite news |date=2 July 2014 |title=61 Idea Filmfare Awards South Nominations |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/61-idea-filmfare-awards-south-nominations/articleshow/37684098.cms |access-date=2024-10-13 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=4 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204111257/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/61-idea-filmfare-awards-south-nominations/articleshow/37684098.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Santosham Film Awards]]
| [[Santosham Best Actor Award|Best Actor]]
| {{Won}}
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Santosham Awards 2014|publisher=Aplive.net|url=http://aplive.net/santosham-awards-2014/|url-status=dead|access-date=1 September 2014|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140902203746/http://aplive.net/santosham-awards-2014/|archive-date=2 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| Margadarsi Big Telugu Entertainment Awards
| Best Actor
| {{Won}}
|
|-
| [[3rd South Indian International Movie Awards|South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| [[SIIMA Award for Best Actor – Telugu|Best Actor – Telugu]]
| {{nominated}}
| <ref>{{Cite web |title=SIIMA AWARDS | 2014 | winners | | |url=http://siima.in/2014/winners.html |website=siima.in |access-date=13 October 2024 |archive-date=28 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528003615/http://siima.in/2014/winners.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 2015
| [[1st IIFA Utsavam]]
| Best Supporting Actor – Telugu
| ''[[Gopala Gopala (2015 film)|Gopala Gopala]]''
| {{nominated}}
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-25 |title=IIFA Utsavam 2016: Baahubali and Thani Oruvan win maximum number of awards |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/iifa-utsavam-2016-baahubali-and-thani-oruvan-win-maximum-number-of-awards-at-the-grand-event-305400-2016-01-25 |access-date=2024-09-28 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=7 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807173811/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/iifa-utsavam-2016-baahubali-and-thani-oruvan-win-maximum-number-of-awards-at-the-grand-event-305400-2016-01-25 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}

== Health issues ==
In 2009, during his campaign for the Praja Rajyam Party, Pawan Kalyan reportedly suffered bouts of vomiting due to severe exhaustion and high heat waves. He later collapsed during a rally and was hospitalised.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2009/Apr/14/pawan-kalyan-unconscious-hospitalized-40979.html | title=Pawan Kalyan unconscious, hospitalized | date=15 May 2012 }}</ref>

In April 2019, during an intense election campaign, Pawan Kalyan suffered from sunstroke and dehydration. After campaigning in Vizianagaram, he felt unwell upon arriving at Vijayawada Airport, leading to vomiting & dizziness. He was treated for dehydration at a nearby clinic and advised to rest, leading to the cancellation of scheduled events in Sattenapalli and Tenali.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/vijayawada/2019/Apr/06/pawan-kalyan-suffers-sunstroke-hospitalised-1960858.html|title= Jana Sena chief Pawan Kalyan suffers sunstroke, hospitalised|date= 6 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/pawan-kalyan-fell-ill-due-to-sun-stroke-518456|title= Pawan Kalyan suffers heatstroke during election campaign, admitted to hospital|date= 5 April 2019}}</ref>

In October 2024, Pawan Kalyan undertook an 11-day purification ritual at the Tirumala temple in response to allegations concerning the sanctity of the Tirupati laddu prasadam. During this period, he was observed experiencing breathlessness, nausea and fatigue, likely due to his pre-existing health conditions, including asthma and back pain. Despite these challenges, he completed the ritual, underscoring his commitment to addressing the concerns and preserving the sanctity of the religious offerings.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/out-of-breath-pawan-kalyan-seen-struggling-as-he-visits-tirupati-signs-declaration-form-for-non-hindus-with-daughter-polena-watch-9599790/lite/ |title=Out of breath Pawan Kalyan seen struggling as he visits Tirupati, signs declaration form for non-Hindus with daughter Polena. Watch |date=2 October 2024 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Pawan Kalyan}}
* {{IMDb name|0436302}}

{{Navboxes|list=
{{Current Indian deputy chief ministers}}
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}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kalyan, Pawan}}
[[Category:1971 births]]
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[[Category:Film directors from Andhra Pradesh]]
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[[Category:Indian political party founders]]
[[Category:Jana Sena Party politicians]]
[[Category:Konidela–Allu family|Pawan Kalyan]]
[[Category:Living people]]
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[[Category:Telugu male actors]]
[[Category:Telugu screenwriters]]
[[Category:Telugu politicians]]
[[Category:Praja Rajyam Party politicians]]

Kusala Rajendran

2026-02-21T07:45:42Z

Provastu6: New

{{Indian name|Kusala|Rajendran}}
{{short description|Indian seismologist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Kusala Rajendran
| native_name = കുസലാ രാജെന്ദ്രൻ
| native_name_lang =
| citizenship = Indian
| fields = Seismotectonics, paleoseismology, active tectonics
| workplaces = Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru
| alma_mater = University of South Carolina, USA
IIT, Roorkee
| thesis_year =
| website = http://ceas.iisc.ernet.in/~kusala/
| spouse = [[C. P. Rajendran]]
}}

'''Kusala Rajendran''' is an Indian seismologist and currently a professor at the Centre for Earth Sciences, [[Indian Institute of Science]], [[Bengaluru, India]]. She prefers to call herself an earth scientist. She has primarily worked on earthquakes and their source mechanisms. She has worked extensively on earthquake patterns in India and is considered to be one of the pioneers in this field.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/nepal-earthquake-strong-possibility-of-quake-in-central-himalayas-himachal-pradesh-in-high-strain-region-say-experts/articleshow/47076234.cms?from=mdr|title=Nepal Earthquake: Strong possibility of quake in Central Himalayas; Himachal Pradesh in high strain region, say experts | date=28 April 2015 | newspaper=The Economic Times| first=Anubhuti | last=Vishnoi | access-date=12 January 2019}}</ref>

== Research fields ==
Rajendran has been working in the following areas:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ceas.iisc.ernet.in/~kusala/index.htm|title=Homepage at CEaS|access-date=5 February 2017|archive-date=8 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161208012937/http://ceas.iisc.ernet.in/~kusala/index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Seismotectonics, Crustal Processes
* Role of Water in Faulting Process
* Paleoseismology, earthquake recurrence and active tectonics
* Tsunami recurrence and hazard evaluation

== Education and career ==
Rajendran has completed her Master of Technology in the field of Applied Geophysics from the [[Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee|Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee]] in 1979. She graduated from [[University of South Carolina]], USA with a Doctor of Philosophy in Seismology in the year 1992. Owing to the growing demand for well qualified seismologists at the time, she returned to India after completing her PhD. Additionally, as her son had become old enough then, she could travel around the world studying earthquakes with greater ease . She has worked extensively in [[Gujarat]], [[Maharashtra|Maharasthra]] and the [[Himalayas]]. She believes that India is a great potential earth science destination, considering that the Himalayas constitute of one of the most active plate collision boundary in the world. She has published around forty research papers in collaboration with her husband [[C. P. Rajendran|C.P. Rajendran]], a reputed Indian geologist, over the years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thelifeofscience.com/2016/02/29/kusala/|title=Finding "Faults" with Kusala Rajendran|last=TLoS|date=2016-02-29|website=The Life of Science|access-date=2017-02-04}}</ref> She has led several projects as the principal investigator. Most of her projects are funded by the seismicity program of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) or the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://iisc.researchmedia.center/article/research-group-studying-earthquakes-and-other-disasters|title=Research group studying earthquakes and other disasters|publisher=Science Media Center @ IISc|access-date=2017-02-04|archive-date=4 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204170451/http://iisc.researchmedia.center/article/research-group-studying-earthquakes-and-other-disasters|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Rajendran has been a professor at the Center for Earth Sciences, [[Indian Institute of Science|IISc]] [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]], India since 2007. She develops her own teaching philosophy and methodology as there are hardly any prescribed textbooks in [[Geophysics]] for undergraduates.<ref name="iisc.researchmedia.center">{{Cite web|url=http://iisc.researchmedia.center/article/research-group-studying-earthquakes-and-other-disasters|title=Research group studying earthquakes and other disasters {{!}} Science Media Center @ IISc|website=iisc.researchmedia.center|language=en|access-date=2017-02-04|archive-date=4 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204170451/http://iisc.researchmedia.center/article/research-group-studying-earthquakes-and-other-disasters|url-status=dead}}</ref> She also work on earthquake recurrence, tsunami recurrence and hazard evaluations. Her work combines field observations and models developed in the lab. For field visits, she usually travels in groups to earthquake prone areas and places that have recently experienced an earthquake.<ref name="iisc.researchmedia.center"/>

== Family and personal life ==
Rajendran grew up in a conservative family where the children were usually married off after a bachelor's degree. The only reason the young Kusala, fresh out of her chemistry degree, was sent all the way from [[Thiruvananthapuram|Trivandrum, Kerala]], to [[Roorkee]], then-[[Uttar Pradesh]], was that her sister was working there. Though she was sent there to do her master's degree in chemistry, a chance encounter with a professor at the [[Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee|IIT-Roorkee]] campus led Kusala to the field of science that she would come to master over the next thirty years, geophysics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thelifeofscience.com/2016/02/29/kusala/|title=Finding "Faults" with Kusala Rajendran|last=njinxs|date=2016-02-29|website=The Life of Science|access-date=2016-07-16}}</ref> Kusala is married to the Indian geologist [[C. P. Rajendran|C.P. Rajendran]]. Her son Rahul Pavanan is married to the Tamil actress [[Abhirami (actress, born 1983)|Abhirami]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/Abhirami-makes-a-bold-reentry-into-tinseltown/articleshow/30111025.cms|title=Times of India|last=Soman|first=Deepa|date=10 February 2014}}</ref>

== Awards ==
* In 1993 she was awarded the [[Krishnan Medal|Krishnan Gold Medal]] by the Indian Geophysical Union for her geophysics work.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://ceas.iisc.ernet.in/~kusala/index_files/Page356.htm|title=About Us|website=ceas.iisc.ernet.in|access-date=2016-07-16|archive-date=31 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331232135/http://ceas.iisc.ernet.in/~kusala/index_files/Page356.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* She received the Tabor award in 1992 from the Department of Geological Sciences, University of South Carolina.<ref name=":0" />
* In 2019, she became a laureate of the [[Asian Scientist 100]] by the ''[[Asian Scientist]]''.
* Ranked as one of the top ten young researchers in the country by the "Outlook" Magazine (18 July 2005)<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rajendran, Kusala}}
[[Category:Indian seismologists]]
[[Category:Scientists from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian women earth scientists]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Indian Institute of Science]]
[[Category:Women scientists from Karnataka]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian earth scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women scientists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women scientists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian earth scientists]]
[[Category:Women seismologists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women physicists]]

C. Mahendran (CPI)

2026-02-06T23:22:42Z

Provastu6: made basic article w/ infobox

{{Multiple issues|
{{more footnotes needed|date=January 2026}}
{{BLP sources|date=January 2026}}{{notability|1=Biographies|date=February 2026}}
}}
'''C. Mahendran''' (born 1954) is one of the leaders of the [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI) in [[Tamil Nadu]] and a noted Tamil essayist.<ref>https://www.keetru.com/thaagam/feb06/mahendran.php</ref>
[[File:C Mahendran.jpg|thumb|C. Mahendran]]

==Early life==

Mahendran hails from the village of Kilavannipattu in the [[Thanjavur district]]. He was born to Singaram (father) and Vedambal (mother). He completed his schooling at Selvarasu High School in [[Thanjavur]]. For his higher education, he attended Mannai Rajagopalaswamy Government Arts College in [[Mannargudi]] and [[Thiru.Vi.Ka. Government Arts College, Tiruvarur|Thiru. Vi. Ka. Government Arts College]] in [[Thiruvarur]]. Drawn to communist ideologies, he actively participated in various protests and struggles during his college days.

==Literary career==
During his school days, he participated in an essay competition organized by [[Ananda Vikatan]] and won the third prize. He was also selected by [[India Today]] magazine as one of the promising young political leaders of Tamil Nadu. He was one among 84 scholars presented research papers at the 10th World Tamil Conference held in [[Chicago]]. His book, titled ''Tamilarin Arivu'' (The Knowledge of Tamils), was honored with the Parithimar Kalaignar High Research Award by [[SRM University]].

==Other Works==

His other publications include:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.panuval.com/ |title=Panuval Bookstore |website=www.panuval.com |language=en |access-date=2023-02-22}}</ref>

* A Butterfly's Death Warrant (Oru Vannathupoochiyin Maranasasanam)
* The Death Warrant of Tamil Nadu's Rivers (Thamizhaga Nathigalin Maranasasanam)
* I Placed My Finger into the Fire (Theekul Viralai Vaithen)
* Did You Think I Would Fall? (Veezhven Endru Ninaithayo?)
* Do Not Turn Tamil Nadu into a Desert (Thamizhagathai Palaivanamakkadhe)
* The Birth of Tamil Nadu (Compilation) (Tamil Nadu Pirandhadhu)
* 25 Days in the Land of Farmers' Protests! Plunderer, Get Out! (Vivasaayigal Poratta Boomiyil 25 Naatkal! Kollaiyane Veliyeru)

==Editorial Work==
For the past twenty years, Mahendran has been serving as the editor of ''Thamarai'', a monthly Tamil literary magazine.

==Songs==
* For the Generations to Come (Ini Varum Nam Thalaimuraikku)
* Thannane Songs (A collection of 10 songs performed with singer [[Chinnaponnu|Chinna Ponnu]])

==Politics==
Mahendran joined the Communist Party of India (CPI) in 1971. He dedicated himself as a full-time functionary of the party in the Thanjavur district. He has held several key positions, including serving as the Tamil Nadu President and Secretary of the [[All India Students' Federation]] (AISF) and as the Secretary of the [[All India Youth Federation]] (AIYF). He also served as the State Deputy Secretary of the Communist Party of India for over twenty years.

In the [[2016–2017 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-elections|2015 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-election]], Mahendran contested against [[J. Jayalalithaa]] in the [[Radhakrishnan Nagar Assembly constituency|Dr. Radhakrishnan Nagar (R.K. Nagar) Assembly constituency]], though he did not secure a victory.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/RK-Nagar-by-poll-vote-counting/article60169831.ece |title=Jayalalithaa wins RK Nagar by-election |date=2015-06-30 |website=The Hindu |language=en-IN |access-date=2023-02-22}}</ref>

==Award==
* 2025: Ilakkiya Maamani Award, Government of Tamil Nadu
In January 2026 (for the year 2025), the Government of Tamil Nadu honored C. Mahendran with the prestigious ''Ilakkiya Maamani Award'' (Literary Gem Award) under the Research Tamil category.
The award, which recognizes his lifelong contribution to Tamil literature and social consciousness, was presented by Chief Minister [[M. K. Stalin]] and included a cash prize of ₹5 lakh, a one-sovereign gold medal, and a citation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://tamil.indianexpress.com/tamilnadu/tamil-nadu-government-announce-ilakkiya-mamani-award-2025-cpi-leader-c-mahendran-winners-list-10995701 |title=சி.பி.ஐ தலைவர் சி.மகேந்திரன் உள்பட 3 பேருக்கு இலக்கிய மாமணி விருது - தமிழக அரசு அறிவிப்பு |last=WebDesk |website=tamil.indianexpress.com |language=ta |access-date=2026-01-18}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1954 births]]
[[Category:Communist Party of India politicians from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Anil Dharker

2026-02-06T05:34:57Z

Provastu6: quick expand article per standard format and added references for accuracy

{{Short description|Indian journalist and writer (1947–2021)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Anil Dharker
| image = Anil Dharker.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| caption = Dharker in 2008
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 1947
| birth_place =
| other_names =
| known_for =
| education =
| alma_mater = University of London
| employer =
| occupation = Journalist, columnist
| years_active =
| death_date = {{death date and age|2021|3|26|1947|df=y}}
| title =
| height =
| term =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| party =
| opponents =
| boards =
| spouse =
| partner =
| children = [[Ayesha Dharker]] (daughter)
| parents = Vasumati and Chandrakant Dharker
| relations =
| callsign =
| signature =
| website = https://anildharker.com
| footnotes =
}}

'''Anil Dharker''' (1947 – 26 March 2021)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/noted-journalist-and-author-anil-dharker-dead/articleshow/81702524.cms | title=Noted journalist and author Anil Dharker dead | work=[[The Times of India]] | date=26 March 2021 | accessdate=26 March 2021}}</ref> was an Indian [[journalist]] and writer. He was the founder and director of the Mumbai International Literary Festival<ref name=wsj>{{cite web|title=Who to Watch Out for at Mumbai's Lit Fest|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2013/11/13/who-to-watch-out-for-at-mumbais-lit-fest/|publisher=The Wall Street Journal|accessdate=6 May 2015}}</ref> which is held in November every year. He was also the founder and director of Literature Live! which holds literary evenings through the year in different locations in [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{cite web|title=India outsources chores as servant culture shifts|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/739910/india-outsources-chores-as-servant-culture-shifts/|publisher=The Express Tribune|accessdate=6 May 2015}}</ref>

==Education==
After completing a degree in mathematics in India, he left for [[England]], where he obtained a degree in [[mechanical engineering]] from the [[University of London]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Anil Dharker| website=[[Bloomberg News]] |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=141189765&ticker=PSEC:IN&previousCapId=&previousTitle=|accessdate=6 May 2015}}</ref>

==Career==
He joined the academic staff of the [[University of Glasgow]], where he specialised in [[Building Services Engineering]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Anil Dharker |url=http://2014.litlive.in/speaker/anil-dharker/353 |accessdate=6 May 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141206063859/http://2014.litlive.in/speaker/anil-dharker/353 |archivedate=6 December 2014 }}</ref>

On returning to India, he joined the leading architectural firm, Phoroze Kudianavala and Associates as a senior consultant.<ref name=TheScroll>{{Cite web|author=Scroll Staff|title=Writer and founder of Tata literature festival Anil Dharker dies at 74|url=https://scroll.in/latest/990604/writer-and-founder-of-tata-literature-festival-anil-dharker-dies|access-date=2021-03-27|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US}}</ref> Here he pioneered the concept and practice of fire safety in multi-storied buildings, then a much-neglected field in India. He initiated the use of smoke detectors, [[Fire sprinkler|sprinklers]], positive air pressure and other practices which are now prescribed by law for new buildings.

Due to his extensive writing on cinema, the [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Ministry of Information and Broadcasting]] placed him on the advisory board of the Film Censor Board where he drafted a liberalised and simplified censorship code which eventually formed the basis for the official film certification code.

Later, he moved to the [[National Film Development Corporation of India|National Film Development Corporation]] (then called the Film Finance Corporation), and eventually became its head.<ref>{{cite web|title=Playing a new role|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/media/story/19880531-editors-combining-managerial-functions-with-journalism-797311-1988-05-30|publisher=Business Today (business magazine)|access-date=6 May 2015}}</ref> During this time, many film-makers who are now household names, made their first movies with NFDC. Examples are [[Govind Nihalani]], [[Saeed Akhtar Mirza|Saeed Mirza]], [[Aparna Sen]], [[Vidhu Vinod Chopra]], [[Ketan Mehta]], [[Goutam Ghose]].

Dharker was also responsible for opening the Akashwani Auditorium in South Bombay as an art movie theatre.

Dharker's most significant contribution to NFDC was to enable it to co-produce Richard Attenborough's film [[Gandhi (film)|Gandhi]], the multiple Oscar winner.<ref name=TheScroll />

Dharker was also on the selection committees for India's International Film Festivals and also represented NFDC in overseas film festivals in Cannes, Berlin, Chicago and London.

Anil Dharker was editor of a variety of publications, starting with [[Debonair (magazine)]] (a monthly), [[Mid-day]] and Sunday Mid-day (evening papers); The Independent, a morning broad-sheet from the [[Times of India]] group and [[The Illustrated Weekly of India]].<ref name=TheWire>{{Cite web|title=Noted Journalist and Author Anil Dharker Dies|url=https://thewire.in/media/noted-journalist-and-author-anil-dharker-dies|access-date=2021-03-27|website=The Wire}}</ref>

Dharker left the Times of India group to head India TV a business-cum-entertainment channel promoted by the Dalal Street Journal group which was then poised to take off (no relation to the current channel of the same name). He later briefly became Creative Director of the [[Zee TV|Zee Television Network]]. Over the years, he conducted hundreds of interviews with prime ministers, governors, Nobel Prize-winning writers, film directors and actors and several others for the national broadcaster, [[Doordarshan]]. He was a regular participant on most news channels where his views were sought on political and social issues.<ref>{{cite web|title=Celebrating Words and Wordsmiths in Mumbai|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/pranay-gupte/celebrating-words-and-wordsmiths-in-mumbai_b_6099514.html|work=The Huffington Post|accessdate=6 May 2015}}</ref>
After his foray into television, Anil Dharker returned to full-time journalism, this time as a free-lance columnist. At various times, his columns appeared in The [[Times of India]], [[The Hindu]], [[The Economic Times]], [[Khaleej Times]], [[Gulf News]], [[The Scotsman]], [[The Sunday Observer]], [[Mid-day]] and other publications. His columns appeared in [[The Asian Age]], [[Financial Chronicle|The Financial Chronicle]], Deccan Chronicle, [[OnStage]] and [[The Huffington Post]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Anil Dharker|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/anil-dharker/|work=The Huffington Post|accessdate=6 May 2015}}</ref><ref name=TheScroll />

In 2010, Dharker founded the Mumbai International Literary Festival.<ref name=TheWire /> This takes place in November at the National Centre for Performing Arts in South Mumbai and simultaneously at Prithvi Theatre in North Mumbai. Dharker continued as the Festival Director of the litfest.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tata Literature Live Festival is not just for bookworms, here is what to look forward to|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-tata-literature-live-festival-is-not-just-for-bookworms-here-is-what-to-look-forward-too-2029187|publisher=Dnaindia.com|accessdate=7 May 2015}}</ref> Literature Live! the organisation he founded to run the litfest, also organises literary events through the year in different parts of Mumbai.<ref name=wsj />

==Other interests==

Anil Dharker was a versatile sportsman. He captained the Table Tennis teams of [[London University]] and [[Glasgow University]] and played for the Combined British University Table Tennis team.

He played cricket, squash and badminton, representing his university in all sports. He was the recipient of the YMCA London's Sportman of the Year award. He represented Bombay Gymkhana in tennis.

Anil Dharker was the Founder and Chairman of the Single Malt Club of Bombay.<ref>{{cite web|title=Single Status|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/single-status/1062/|publisher=The Indian Express|accessdate=7 May 2015}}</ref>

Dharker was the Chairman of Citizens for Justice and Peace, a Mumbai-based NGO fighting for redressal in miscarriages of justice.<ref>{{cite web|title=Malicious Lies|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article/malicious-lies/289781|publisher=Outlookindia.com|accessdate=7 May 2015}}</ref>

Anil Dharker was an invited member of 100 Citizens of Bombay, a member of the Advisory Boards of the Indian Council for Cultural Relations (ICCR), [[Doordarshan]], the [[Children's Film Society, India|Children's Film Society of India]] and several film funds for production of films in India. He was also the recipient of several awards for journalism.<ref name=TheWire />

==Personal life==
For several years Dharker lived in Mumbai with the editor and journalist, Amy Fernandes.<ref name=HT>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-26|title=Journalist and writer Anil Dharker passes away at 74|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/journalist-and-writer-anil-dharker-passes-away-at-74-101616742388181.html|access-date=2021-03-27|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>

He had two sisters, the former Bharat Natyam dancer Minal Dharker and the writer Rani Dharker.<ref>{{cite web|title=A woman's world|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/society-and-the-arts/books/story/19980413-rani-dharkar-the-psyche-fascinates-the-professor-turned-novelist-826110-1998-04-12|publisher=intoday.in|access-date=7 May 2015}}</ref> He had one daughter, the actress [[Ayesha Dharker]] from an earlier marriage with the poet [[Imtiaz Dharker]].<ref name=HT />
He died after a brief illness on 26 March 2021.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Noted journalist and author Anil Dharker dead|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/noted-journalist-and-author-anil-dharker-dead/articleshow/81701713.cms|access-date=2021-03-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/anil-dharker-dies-journalists-writers-friends-mourn-anil-dharkers-death-2399497/amp/1 | title=Anil Dharker Dies: Journalists, Writers, Friends Mourn Anil Dharker's Death }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/renowned-journalist-and-writer-anil-dharker-passes-away-condolences-pour-in-7245847/lite/ | title=Anil Dharker, renowned journalist and author, passes away | date=26 March 2021 }}</ref>

==Books==

* ''Sorry, Not Ready: Television in the Time of PM Darshan'' (HarperCollins) {{ISBN|9788172232726}}
* ''The Romance of Salt about Mahatma Gandhi`s Dandi March'' (Roli Books) {{ISBN|9788174363985}}
* ''Icons: Men and Women Who Made Modern India'' (Roli Books) {{ISBN|9788174369444}}
* ''Man Who Talked to Machines'' (a biography of industrialist O P Jindal) {{ISBN|9788190217002}}
* ''The Possible Dream: The Story of the Mumbai Marathon'' {{ISBN|978-8129118837}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dharker, Anil}}
[[Category:Indian columnists]]
[[Category:1947 births]]
[[Category:2021 deaths]]

V. O. Chidambaranar Port

2026-02-05T13:13:20Z

Provastu6: New basic post with sources

{{EngvarB|date=October 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox Port
| name = V. O. Chidambaranar Port
| image = Dakshin Bharat Gateway Terminal of V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| image_caption = V.O. Chidambaranar Port
| country = {{flag|India}}
| location = [[Thoothukudi]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
| coordinates = {{coord|8.4730|N|78.1215|E|display=inline,title}}
| locode = INTUT<ref name="locode-1">{{cite web |title=UNLOCODE (IN) – INDIA |url=https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/cefact/locode/in.htm |website=unece.org |publisher=UNECE |access-date=12 November 2020}}</ref>
| opened = {{start date and age|df=yes|1974}}
| operated = V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority
| owner = V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority, [[Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways]], [[Government of India]]
| type = Medium seaport (Artificial)
| sizewater = 960 acres (388.8 hectares)
| sizeland = 2150 acres (870.75 hectares)
| size =
| berths = 13<ref>[http://www.vocport.gov.in/port/userinterface/BerthFacility.aspx Welcome to V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161102035055/http://vocport.gov.in/port/UserInterface/BerthFacility.aspx |date=2 November 2016 }}. Vocport.gov.in.</ref>
| wharfs = 7
| piers = 3
| draft_depth = {{convert|14.2|m|ft}}
| length_of_approach_channel = {{convert|3.80|km|mi}}
| employees = 476 (2024-23)
| leadershiptitle =
| leader =
| blankdetailstitle1 = Main trades
| blankdetails1 = Industrial coal, Copper concentrate, Fertiliser, Timber logs, iron ore '''Major Imports:''' Coal, Cement, fertilizers, raw fertiliser materials, rock phosphate, petroleum products, petroleum coke, and edible oils '''Major Exports:''' General cargo, building materials, liquid cargoes, sugar, granite, limonite ore
| blankdetailstitle2 =
| blankdetails2 =
| blankdetailstitle3 = UN/LOCODE
| blankdetails3 = INTUT
| arrivals = 1,524 (2024-23)
| cargotonnage = 34.119 million (2024–23)<ref name="JOC"/>
| containervolume = {{formatnum:734274}} [[Twenty-foot equivalent unit|TEU]] (2022–23)<ref name="JOC">{{cite web | url = https://www.vocport.gov.in/port/UserInterface/PDF/Administration%20Report%202022-23.pdf | title = Administration Report 2022-23 | publisher = vocport.gov.in. | date = 29 October 2024| access-date = 29 October 2024}}</ref>
| passengertraffic =
| revenue = {{increase}} {{INRConvert|820.49|c}} (2024–23)<ref name="JOC"/>
| profit = {{increase}} {{INRConvert|264.79|c}} (2024–23)<ref name="JOC"/>
| blankstatstitle1 =
| blankstats1 =
| blankstatstitle2 =
| blankstats2 =
| blankstatstitle3 =
| blankstats3 =
| website = https://www.vocport.gov.in/
}}

'''V. O. Chidambaranar Port''' is a port in [[Thoothukudi]], [[Tamil Nadu]], and is one of the 13 major ports in India. It was declared to be a major port on 11 July 1974. It is the second largest port in Tamil Nadu and third largest container terminal in India. V.O. Chidambaranar Port is an artificial port.<ref>[http://www.tuticorinport.gov.in/ Tuticorin Port Webpage] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080731210325/http://www.tuticorinport.gov.in/ |date=31 July 2008 }}</ref> This is the third international port in Tamil Nadu and it is second all-weather port. All V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority's traffic handling has crossed 10 million tons from 1 April to 13 September 2008, registering a growth rate of 12.08 per cent, surpassing the corresponding previous year handling of 8.96 million tons.<ref>[http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/09/16/stories/2008091650060700.htm Tuticorin Port growth] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100618040634/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/09/16/stories/2008091650060700.htm |date=18 June 2010 }}</ref> It has services to USA, China, Europe, [[Sri Lanka]] and Mediterranean countries. The Station Commander, Coast Guard Station Thoothukudi is located at V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority, Tamil Nadu under the operational and administrative control of the Commander, Coast Guard Region (East), Chennai. The Coast Guard Station V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority was commissioned on 25 April 1991 by Vice Admiral SW Lakhar, NM, VSM the then Director General Coast Guard. The Station Commander is responsible for Coast Guard operations in this area of jurisdiction in Gulf of Mannar.<ref>The Station Commander, Coast Guard Station Thoothukudi is located at V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority, Tamil Nadu under the operational and administrative control of the Commander, Coast Guard Region (East), Chennai. The Coast Guard Station V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority was commissioned on 25 April 1991 by Vice Admiral SW Lakhar, NM, VSM the then Director General Coast Guard. The Station Commander is responsible for Coast Guard operations in this area of jurisdiction in Gulf of Mannar</ref> V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority Thoothukudi is an [[ISO 9001:2008]], [[ISO 14001:2004]] and [[International Ship and Port Facility Security Code|International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code]] compliant port.

==History==
On 8 May 1958, the investigations undertaken by the Tuticorin Port Trust to determine the layout of the port are still in progress.<ref>https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/1777/1/lsd_02_05_27-09-1958.pdf page 63</ref>

At the time of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] was the [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]], [[Kamalapati Tripathi]] was the [[Ministry of Shipping (India)|Shipping Minister]], he started the work of the major port in Tuticorin. Jawaharlal Nehru then said that he was giving this port to the people of Tamil Nadu in the presence of Kamlapati Tripathi and the then [[Ministry of Finance (India)|Finance Minister]] [[T. T. Krishnamachari]]. Even without the approval of the Cabinet, T. T. Krishnamachari sanctioned Rs. 7 crores. On 1 February 1980 the major Port has been completed. It was completed on [[Indira Gandhi]]'s intervention when she was the Prime Minister.<ref>https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/3086/1/lsd_07_01_01-02-1980.pdf Page no.112</ref>

To cope with the increasing trade through Thoothukudi, the [[Government of India]] sanctioned the construction of an all-weather port at Thoothukudi, which brings the second largest revenue to India. On 11 July 1974, the newly constructed Tuticorin Port was declared as the 10th major port of India. On 1 April 1979, the erstwhile Thoothukudi minor Port and the newly constructed Thoothukudi major port were merged and the V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority was constituted under the Major Port Trusts Act, 1963. The port is named after [[V. O. Chidambaram Pillai]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131029214125/http://www.hindu.com/2011/01/28/stories/2011012862510500.htm New Delhi News : Tuticorin Port Trust renamed]. The Hindu (28 January 2011).</ref> the eminent freedom fighter who was well known as ''Kappalottiya Thamizhan'', meaning ''The Tamilian man who rode the ship''.

== Changes over the years ==
*27 January 2011: The [[Union Council of Ministers|Union Cabinet]] approved for renaming of Tuticorin Port Trust as V.O. Chidambaranar Port Trust.<ref>[https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=69371 Renaming of Tuticorin Port Trust as V.O. Chidambaranar Port Trust]. ''Press Information Bureau''. (27-January-2011 12:04 IST).</ref>
*5 March 2022: As per the notification published in the Gazette of India, dated 31 January 2022, V.O. Chidambaranar Port Trust has been renamed as V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority.<ref>[https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/thoothukudi/article65198178.ece Renaming of V.O. Chidambaranar Port Trust as V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority]. ''The Hindu''. (6 March 2022 16:57 IST).</ref>

==Location==
The V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority in Thoothukudi is located strategically close to the East-West International sea route on [[Coromandel Coast]]. Located in [[Gulf of Mannar]], with [[Sri Lanka]] on South East and large Indian Landmass on the West, the Port is well sheltered from storms and cyclone winds. The port is operational round the clock all through the year. This port serves the districts of [[Thoothukudi district|Tuticorin]], [[Tirunelveli district|Tirunelveli]], [[Kanyakumari district|Kanniyakumari]], [[Tenkasi district|Tenkasi]], [[Virudhunagar district|Virudhunagar]], [[Madurai district|Madurai]], [[Sivaganga district|Sivagangai]], [[Ramanathapuram district|Ramanathapuram]], [[Theni district|Theni]], [[Dindigul district|Dindigul]], [[Erode district|Erode]], [[Tiruppur district|Tirupur]], [[Salem district|Salem]], [[Namakkal district|Namakkal]], [[Karur district|Karur]], [[Nilgiris district|Nilgris]], [[Thanjavur district|Thanjavur]] [[Tiruchirappalli district|Tiruchirappali]] and [[Coimbatore district|Coimbatore]]. All these districts in Tamil Nadu are well served by this port. Most of the people select this port is because of its location which lies near to the most busiest East-West International shipping sea route of the world, and secondly approaching this port is easier than ports located in chennai because of its road and rail connectivity. It is well connected with highways and express ways and has reduced number of toll booths as well as reduced number of vehicle traffic, so goods can be shipped on time.

==Inner harbour layout==
The V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority is an artificial deep sea harbour formed with rubble mound type parallel breakwaters projecting into sea up to 4 km. The Length of North Breakwater is 4,098.66 m, length of South Breakwater is 3,873.37 m and the distance between breakwaters is 1,275 m. The port was designed and executed entirely through indigenous efforts. The harbour basin extends to about 400 hectares of protected water area and is served by an approach channel of 2,400 metres length and 183 metres width.

==Operations==
The inner harbour consist of 14 berths including two container jetties and three coal and oil jetties. The port handles both containers and cruise ships. The container terminal is currently managed by [[PSA International|PSA Sical]]. The container terminal has 3 quay cranes with 44 m reach and four RTG cranes for stacking the containers. The port also has vast area for storage facilities. It has 5,530,000 Sq m of storage area in its premises. The port also has a passenger terminal for cruise ships. Due to its strategic location in the southern peninsula and assured round-the-clock operations, the port has been the nerve centre of economic activity in south Tamil Nadu. The port currently handles seven per cent of the total container traffic in India and is an important reason for investment in the southern districts of Tamil Nadu. The two container berths in the port are of dimension 370 m length and 12.80 m draught. This limits the port in competing against Colombo port, which has 15 m depth. The Tuticorin Port Trust is investing $1 billion for expansion. This was planned in two phases; the first deepened the harbour from a depth of 10.9 m to the current depth of 12.8 m<ref>[http://www.vocport.gov.in/why_voc.aspx VOC Port]</ref> and the second will increase it to 14.5 m.<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?newsid=1181793 Tuticorin Port Expansion]. ''Daily News and Analysis''. (6 August 2008).</ref> In addition to expansion of the outer harbour, proposed upgrades include construction of breakwaters and lengthening the approach channel. The port has been upgraded to handle vessels longer than 245 m.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120914143652/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2006/04/11/stories/2006041102610700.htm Tuticorin Port Expansion Plan]</ref> The advantages of deploying bigger vessels are that the existing restriction on booking can be eliminated and the transshipment at Colombo port can be reduced. The Tuticorin port has the potential to be an international container transshipment hub given its unique geographical location.<ref>[http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/06/16/stories/2005061601920700.htm Tuticorin Port Potential] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009071115/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/06/16/stories/2005061601920700.htm |date=9 October 2007 }}</ref> Activity at the port has grown at a rate of 17% per year over the last five years. A large portion of the operations in the port has been privatised, including handling at the first container terminal by PSA Sical.<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20071114053742/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2006081400650600.htm&date=2006/08/14/&prd=bl& Tuticorin Port Improvements]}}. Hinduonnet.com.</ref> A second container terminal has been approved for this port and is in operation.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120724044128/http://www.blonnet.com/2006/11/25/stories/2006112505891000.htm Tuticorin Port Adding Second Container Terminal]</ref> Tuticorin port is becoming a gateway for South India to the US, Europe and the Mediterranean following direct sailings to these regions. Of the total exports from the port, 25% were to Europe, 20% to the US, 20% to East Asia including China, 15% to Colombo, 10% to West Asia and the remainder to the Mediterranean.

With this expansion in place, the capacity of the port would double from the existing 20.55 million tonnes to 40.60 million tonnes of cargo. Once dredging is completed, the port will be able to handle fourth-generation container vessels with a capacity of 5,000 [[Twenty-foot equivalent unit]]s (TEUs) to 6,000 TEUs. Currently, the port can handle container vessels up to 3,000 TEUs capacity.<ref>[http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=325530 Expansion of Tuticorin Port]</ref> For capacity augmentation, Tuticorin Port has taken up various infrastructural development projects under the National Maritime Development Programme (NMDP). The Port achieved a record of handling 5 lakh TEU's in 2012-2013 surpassing the target fixed by Shipping Ministry. The port on 18 February 2016 surpassed the previous fiscal's traffic of 32.41 million tonnes and this feat was achieved 42 days ahead of the fiscal-end. The port had maintained an impressive cargo growth at 17.18 percent.<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/voc-port-surpasses-previous-fiscal-traffic/article8259754.ece voc port surpasses previous fiscal traffic]. ''The Hindu''. (20 February 2016).</ref>

A naval base is to be set up under the ambit of Eastern Naval Command to strengthen the surveillance in the Gulf of Mannar and to safeguard any possible aggression in the region. V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority officials expressed their willingness to allot a {{convert|24|acre|m2|adj=on}} plot on the 'port estate' area for the establishment of the Naval Base.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081009175331/http://www.hindu.com/2008/07/05/stories/2008070556490600.htm Naval Base Setup in Tuticorin Port]. ''The Hindu''. (5 July 2008).</ref>

The port is also helping increase the tourism in the region. A new ferry has been commenced between Thoothukudi and Colombo.

== Outer harbour ==
At present there are 14 berths with capacity of 33.34 million tonnes per annum (MTPA), all situated within two breakwaters in V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority. The Port which began with the mono commodity of coal for the Thoothukudi Thermal Power Station has diversified and the cargo profile of the Port consists of import cargo, viz. Thermal Coal, Timber Logs, Petroleum Products, LPG and various other bulk, break bulk and containerized cargoes and export cargoes viz. Granite, Salt, Sugar (Raw) Cement in bags, containerized cargo and construction materials. The Port's hinterland comprises southern parts of State of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and also some regions in the State of Karnataka.

The facility available at the Port has propelled industrial growth in the region and is also
emerging as power Hub of South India. In order to augment the increased demand of the EXIM trade, the Port is increasing the capacity to 85 million tonnes per annum by 2015–16 by commissioning new 5 berths under PPP mode and upgrading the existing facilities. During Budget speech in Feb 2013, the Hon’ble Union Finance Minister had also announced the Development of Outer Harbour project in V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority for Rs. 7,500 Crores

As the capacity augmentation in the present harbor has reached the saturation level and to meet the future demands, the Port has proposed to develop an Outer Harbour by extending the present breakwaters. The port has engaged M/s.I – maritime consultancy Pvt Ltd, NaviMumbai for preparation of DPR (Detailed Project Report). The consultant submitted the final DPR in Dec 2013. The total length of breakwater is 9,911 meters with Northern Breakwater to be extended by 4512 meters and Southern Breakwater by 5399 meters, is also to be constructed. The existing channel has to be widened to 300 meters and a new turning circle has to be constructed of 680 meters dia. The total project cost for Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3 and Phase 4 is worked out as INR 23431.92 Core. The Number of berths proposed, type of cargo proposed, and period of execution etc. for the four Phases of Projects and Traffic Fore Cast for the Outer Harbour Project as proposed in DPR as follows.

Along with the development of Outer Harbour the surrounding region in an around the port will develop which in turn will lead to over all industrial development of the region as a whole. The Phase 1 expenditure to be borne by the Port inclusive of interest during construction works out to Rs. 7,241.89 Crores. The investment in phase 1 to be borne by the port is towards construction of breakwater (2,464.93 Crores), dredging cost (3,221.33 Crores), roads cost (30.45 Crores) and Port crafts (293.10 Crores) with a total cost of Rs. 6,010 Crores excluding interest during construction (IDC). The phase 1 expenditure to be borne by PPP operator works out to Rs. 4393.71 Crores including IDC. The main investment by the port has to be incurred in Phase-I only, which include for breakwater, dredging & road. The port has to make one time investment for breakwater, Dredging and road in phase 1 itself. About 98% of total investment by port has to be done in phase 1 only and is scheduled from 2019 – 2024. The Project IRR for Phase 1 is 14.6% (without grant) for 30 years with project NPV of -2,510 crores. The consultant also suggested that, for financial viability of the project, the port has to explore the possibility for financing the project through budgetary support or through international institutions for port's investment and for berths etc., it will be through Private Public participation (PPP).

The V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority at Thoothukudi is poised for further growth with the allocation of Rs. 11,635 crore for the first phase of the Outer Harbour Project in the Union budget 2014–15.

Port Trust Chairman S. Ananda Chandra Bose said the announcement would help in the development of the region. A detailed project report had already been submitted. The project would facilitate the establishment of power stations in Thoothukudi and boost activities on the Thoothukudi-Madurai industrial corridor.

== International service ==
* V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority is the only port in [[South India]] to provide a direct weekly container service to the United States (transit time 22 days).
* There are regular weekly direct services to [[Europe]] (transit time 17 days), China (transit time 10 days) and Red Sea Ports (transit time 8 days).

==See also==

* [[Transport in India]]
* [[List of ports in India]]
* [[Sagar Mala project]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Commons category|V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority}}
{{Transport in Tamil Nadu}}
{{Major ports in India}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Infrastructure completed in 1974]]
[[Category:1974 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Container terminals]]
[[Category:Ports and harbours of Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Port authorities]]
[[Category:Bay of Bengal]]
[[Category:Transport in Thoothukudi]]

Chandra Sekhar Sahu (weightlifter)

2026-02-04T07:44:18Z

Provastu6:

{{short description|Indian weightlifter}}
{{Orphan|date=January 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox sportsperson
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| image =
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| birth_name = Chandra Sekhar Sahu
| fullname =
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| nationality = [[India]]n
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| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Berhampur]], [[Odisha]], India
| death_date =
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| website =
| country = {{IND}}
| sport = [[Olympic weightlifting|Weightlifting]]
| event =
| collegeteam =
| universityteam =
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| turnedpro =
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| show-medals = y
| medaltemplates = {{MedalSport| Men's [[Olympic weightlifting|weightlifting]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[South Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[1991 South Asian Games|1991 Colombo]]|75 kg}}
}}

'''Chandra Sekhar Sahu''' is a former Indian weightlifter who won the gold medal in the men's 75 kg event at the [[1991 South Asian Games]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chandra Sekhar Sahu|url=https://www.orisports.com/PersonDetails.aspx?pId=NTY1Mg==|work=Orisports|access-date=10 December 2023}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Sahu hails from [[Berhampur]] and was born in a family of weightlifters. His father, Rama Chandra Sahu, and his brother, Krushna Chandra Sahu, were national-level weightlifters. His son, Punit Chandra Sahu, is a youth-level national weightlifter and a [[Khelo India Youth Games|Khelo India Games]] medalist.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Punit Chandra Sahu|url=https://www.orisports.com/PersonDetails.aspx?pId=NTMxMw==|work=Orisports|access-date=10 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Khelo India Youth Games: Odisha's Punit Sahu Bags Silver Medal In Weightlifting|url=https://pragativadi.com/khelo-india-youth-games-odishas-punit-sahu-bags-silver-medal-in-weightlifting/|website=Pragativadi|date=8 June 2022|access-date=10 December 2023}}</ref>

==Career==
Sahu represented Odisha, Maharashtra, and Railways in the National Weightlifting Championships.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chandra Sekhar Sahu|url=http://sportsodisha.com/personalitySingle/5652|work=sportsodisha.com|access-date=10 December 2023}}</ref> He won the gold medal in the men's 75 kg category, lifting 127.5 kg in snatch and 162.5 kg in clean and jerk for a total of 290 kg at the 1991 SAF Games held in [[Colombo]], [[Sri Lanka]]. He was also a gold medallist at the [[Commonwealth Weightlifting Championships]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sahu's tale: Working in tea stalls to winning gold at Khelo India University Games|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/other/2020/feb/28/sahus-tale-working-in-tea-stalls-to-winning-gold-at-khelo-india-university-games-2109698.html|website=The News Indian Express|date=28 February 2020|access-date=10 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Poor sports infrastructure in CWG medal winner's town|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/sports/poor-sports-infrastructure-in-cwg-medal-winners-town/articleshow/39290338.cms|website=The Economic Times|date=30 July 2014|access-date=10 December 2023}}</ref>

He also works as a coach, mentoring young weightlifters from across the state for national-level competitions.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lifters' meet takes off|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/odisha/lifters-meet-takes-off/cid/475659|website=The Telegraph|date=25 December 2011|access-date=10 December 2023}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.orisports.com/PersonDetails.aspx?pId=NTY1Mg== Orisports profile]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sahu, Chandra Sekhar}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian male weightlifters]]
[[Category:People from Brahmapur]]
[[Category:Weightlifters from Odisha]]
[[Category:South Asian Games gold medalists for India]]
[[Category:South Asian Games medalists in weightlifting]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{India-weightlifting-bio-stub}}

Narayanpur, Assam

2026-01-20T19:31:33Z

Provastu6: added info

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Narayanpur
| other_name = Narayanpur Chariali
| nickname = Chariali Town
| settlement_type = block/town
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Assam#India
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Assam, India
| coordinates = {{coord|26|59|47|N|93|53|49|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Assam]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts in India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lakhimpur district|Lakhimpur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 135,641
| population_as_of = 2011 l

a1
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]], English
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 784164
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = (91)3752
| registration_plate = AS-07
| website =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-AS]]
| footnotes =
}}

'''Narayanpur''' is a developmental block (place) located in the [[Lakhimpur district]] of the northeastern Indian state of [[Assam]], within the [[North Lakhimpur]] subdivision. It falls under the Bihpuria constituency of the [[Assam Legislative Assembly]] and is served by the Narayanpur Police Station. The town of Narayanpur, situated at the center of the block, serves as the headquarters of the [[Deori Autonomous Council]], the governing body of the [[Deori people|Deori]] ethnic group. Narayanpur is also notable as the birthplace of [[Madhavdev]].

==Etymology==

Some scholars believe that the name "Narayanpur" is derived from the Koch garrison set up by Naranarayan during the [[Koch–Ahom conflicts|Ahom-Koch]] conflict of the 16th century. But, this seems to be incorrect as there is mention of Narayanpur several times before this period. These include the Ahom [[Buranji]] (translated by G. C. Barua)<ref>[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.450867 Barua, Gopal Chandra, ''Ahom Buranji'', 1930, p.62]</ref> and the biography of [[Madhavdev]].<ref>Neog, Maheswar, ''Shankardeva and his times'', 1998, p. 122]</ref> The name might actually be derived from a previous dynasty of Narayan i.e. of [[Chutia Kingdom|Chutia kings]].

==Geographic location==

Narayanpur is a small town, situated at the coordinates 26°59′47″N and 93°53'49"E.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wikimapia.org/9180286/narayanpur|title=Coordinates of Narayanpur}}</ref> It is about 54 km to the west of the district headquarters [[North Lakhimpur]]. Nearby towns are- Bihpuria to the east, [[Bandardewa]] to the north and [[Gohpur]] to the west.

==Transport==

Narayanpur is connected by [[National Highway 15 (India)|National Highway 15]] to the district headquarters North Lakhimpur (about 54 km) and state capital Guwahati (about 337 km).
It is also connected by [[Northeast Frontier Railway]] to North Lakhimpur and Guwahati. The nearest railway station is at [[Tatibahar railway station|Tatibahar]] (about 3 km).
The nearest airport is [[Lilabari Airport|Lilabari]] {{Airport codes|IXI|VELR}} (about 58 km).

==Places of interest==

It is the birthplace of several Baishnava gurus like [[Madhavdev]], Haridev, Anirudhadev, Badala Padma Atta etc., Belaguri Sattra, Badala Sattra, Phulani Thaan, Bishnubalikuchi, Dahgharia Sattra, Budha Bapuchang, Maghnowa Dol, Dongia noi, Gohaikamal Ali, Radhapukhuri, Burhaburhi Pukhuri, Rangati Pukhuri, Naga Pukhuri, Pichala Nadi, Tulugoni jaan are some of the important historical places situated at Narayanpur.

Letekupukhuri/Ujiror Tol Rongajan - the birthplace of famous Vaishnav saint Mahapurush [[Madhavdev]] is about 15 km from Narayanpur.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.cic.nic.in/cicwebpages/Assam/narayanpur/myweb/ancientmonu.htm| title=Historical overview of Narayanpur| access-date=13 September 2008| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410122032/http://www.cic.nic.in/cicwebpages/Assam/narayanpur/myweb/ancientmonu.htm| archive-date=10 April 2009| url-status=dead}}</ref>

Maghnowa Doul- a temple dating back to [[Ahom kingdom]] era is about 7 km from Narayanpur in Maghnowa village.
Maghnowa Doul is an important religious and cultural site located in Narayanpur, Assam. It is primarily known for its association with Vaishnavism, which has a strong presence in the region, influenced by the teachings of Srimanta Sankardeva, the founder of the [[Bhakti movement]] in Assam.

Religious and Cultural Importance:

1. Vaishnavite Heritage:
Maghnowa Doul is a sacred Vaishnavite temple, and like many such sites in Assam, it serves as a place of worship dedicated to Lord Vishnu. It holds a central role in the spiritual and cultural life of the Assamese people, especially in the Narayanpur area.

2. Magh Bihu Festival:
The temple is particularly significant during Magh Bihu, an important festival in Assam. This festival, which marks the end of the harvesting season, is celebrated with much enthusiasm in Narayanpur and surrounding areas. Maghnowa Doul is a key site during the celebrations, where devotees gather for prayers, offerings, and cultural events.

3. Community Gathering:
The temple acts as a center for religious and community gatherings, where people come together for satsangs (devotional gatherings), kirtans (devotional songs), and other spiritual activities. These events promote unity and a sense of cultural belonging.

4. Cultural Legacy:
Maghnowa Doul, like other similar sites, contributes to the cultural richness of Narayanpur. It plays a key role in preserving the traditional practices and rituals of Assamese society, particularly those associated with Vaishnavism.

Conclusion:

Maghnowa Doul holds a place of great religious, cultural, and community significance in Narayanpur. It is a symbol of Assam's rich Vaishnavite tradition and serves as a focal point for the region's spiritual and cultural activities, especially during important festivals like Magh Bihu.

Petuwa Gosani Than, is a historical Than or place of worship during Chutia kingdom is at Dholpur, nearly 7 km from Narayanpur.
[Phulani Than, a popular [[Namghar]] (Vaishnav temple of [[Krishna]] worship) is in the Narayanpur center. Popular believe is that people get their wishes fulfilled when pray in this temple. Panbari Bor Namghar is another important ancient Namghar situated in this region.

* Badala and Belaguri Satras established by Sankardeva is about 0.5 km and 1.5 km respectively from Narayanpur.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.cic.nic.in/cicwebpages/Assam/narayanpur/myweb/ancientmonu.htm| title=Historical overview of Narayanpur| access-date=13 September 2008| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410122032/http://www.cic.nic.in/cicwebpages/Assam/narayanpur/myweb/ancientmonu.htm| archive-date=10 April 2009| url-status=dead}}</ref>
There are two big ancient ponds Radhapukhuri and Rangati pukhuri located near Narayanpur.

* Madhabdev Thaan (Leteku Pukhuri/Ujiror Tol Rongajan) is located at the near Borbali. It is the birthplace of Madhabdev (1489 AD). There are two big thaans adjacent to each other one Letekupukhuri other at Rongajan. Followers of both these thaans demand it to be the birthplace of Madhabdev.
The thaans have a huge collection of holy books, ancient manuscripts and cultural heritages.

* Maghnoa Doul is located at the Phulbari village and also known as Phulbari Doul. This is situated at the East side of the Pichola River and at the bank of Maghnoa Beel. Once it was a major place of worshiping Kali (goddess of power) and a pilgrimage place. Several Ahom kings are also known to have visited the place. During the Maan invasion the idol was kept hidden but was never returned to the Doul. It was established at the present location at Bor Kalika Thaan near Dholpur.

The Doul has a boundary wall of about 5 feet height. The main Doul is about 75 feet in height. Inside the Doul is the Bulani Ghar where the idol was used to be kept. The inside wall contains various sculptures. But due to the negligence of the government as well as the local people, most of the idols and valuable items had been stolen already. Recently the Archeological Department has done a repairing work to the Doul.

===Khamti Village and Bapuchang===
In 1843, the British controlled the Khamti Revolution in Sadia and settled few [[Khamti people]] at Narayanpur. They established this Buddha temple at Barkhamti. The Khamti village will be extensively discussed in the next section of this project. Its worthwhile to mention that this village contains some the Khamtis which are only left to a few thousand in number. The people are Buddhist by religion and have a rich cultural heritage.

The religious temple of the Khamtis is called the Bapuchang. It is same as the Buddhist temple or Buddha Bihar found among the Buddhist communities around the world. It is somewhat different from the normal Khamti houses. The raised platform is made of wood and the roof is made of thresh. The outer architecture resembles to the Buddhist temples of Myanmar. Buddha idols are kept inside the Bapuchang and it is regarded as a very holy place.

===Deotola===
The ancient idol of the Maghnoa Doul was hidden in a pond during the Maan invasion. The idol was later recovered from Gavoru Beel of Kherajkhat. As the idol was later established at the Bor-Kalaika Thaan, this place become known as Deotola (Deo- God, Tola- to lift). This place is at 8 km distance from Narayanpur.

===Petua-Gosani Thaan===
It took a long time for the British to take the control of the Lakhimpur region after they invaded Assam. This than was an old place of worshiping Kaali Goddess and was discovered by the British. It is located near Dholpur at Ganakdalani. The goddess of this is called Kesai-khaiti. In earlier times the Daphala people from Arunachal Pradesh used to come here for pilgrimage. Still, Durga puja is celebrated at this than regularly.

===Belaguri Satra===
This Satra was established in 1618 originally in Majuli Island- where the two great guru and disciples Sri Sri Sankardev and Sri Sri Madhabdev met each other for the first time. This Satra was transferred to Narayanpur and settled at Jorabari [[Revenue Village|revenue village]] in 1947 AD. This Satra is very well known among the people of Assam. The "Chaali" dance of form is a famous traditional dance of Assam.

===Bodula Satra and Phulani Than===
This satra was established in Narayanpur in 1636 AD by Badala Padma Ataa who was a great follower of Mahapurush Madhabdev. It is said that Padma Ataa got the responsibility of the upper Assam under Madhabdev and established the Satra at the land of Jamadagni. Once upon a time this Satra was the center for the Baishnavism. Badala Padma Ataa was next to Sankardev and Madhabdev who took the great responsibility after the demise of these two holy figures. The Satra has a rich collection of ancient manuscripts.

The Phulani thaan was also established by Badala Atta in 1555 saka. This is an important religious place and a large no of followers visit this thaan annually.

===Bishnu Balikunchi Satra===

It is situated at the Dakua village, 8 km from Nagpur. The disciple of Kal Sanghati guru Bhabanipuria Atta, Sri Sri Anirudhadev was born at Dakua village near Narayanpur in 1553 AD. He established this Satra with the help of Bhabapuria Ataa in 1602 AD. Aniruddhadev died in this Satra. He was the holy person who turned the Moran and Motok people into Baishanivism.

===Radha Pukhuri===

Radhapukhuri Tank is situated at the Sawkuchi village near Narayanpur. It was constructed by the Chutia King Lakhminarayan in between 1400 and 1500 AD in the name of his wife ‘Radha’. Some scholars also argue that it was constructed by Queen Sarbeswari. But the construction work ended in halfway and hence it was named as Adhapukhuri (''adha'' means half) which eventually changed to Radhapukhuri.

Presently this tank is used for fish breeding and cultivation by the Fisheries Department, Government of Assam.

===Bhatoukuchi Thaan===

Bhatoukuci Thaan is located at Kathani village near Dholpur. This was established by Keshabsaran Bhatoukuchia Ataa. According to Kathagurucharit he was born in 1605 and died in 1665. This thaan is still functioning in full fledge.

===Akadohia Pukhuri===

This big pond is situated at the Kachua village near Dholpur. A holy Brahmin guru called Akadoshi used to live near the pond and hence this name became famous. Bhatoukuci Thaan is located at Kathani village near Dholpur. This was established by Keshabsaran Bhatoukuchia Ataa. According to Kathagurucharit he was born in 1605 and died in 1665. This thaan is still functioning in full fledge.

===Gohai-Kamal Ali===
The Koch Kingdom was established at the early part of the 16th century. This kingdom was extended from Kortuaa River to Bornodi. Kochbihar (now in West Bengal) was made the capital of the kingdom and this road was made to fight with the Ahoms.

===Ahotguri Satra===
This satra is situated at Borbali Samua Gaon. It was established by Sri Ram Ata in 1683. Most of the disciples are Brahmin. The ancient manuscript of this Satra got spoiled during the flood in 1987. At present it has a collection of manuscripts by Sankardev Thakur Ataa and Sri Ram Ataa.

===Madhabdev Kalakshetra===
The government of Assam has announced in 2006 the construction of [[Madhabdev Kalakshetra]] at Badala Sattra at Narayanpur and the foundation stone has been laid down near Narayanpur.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1085703581.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105232447/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1085703581.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-11-05|title=Move on Madhabdev Kalakshetra Welcomed}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://mdoner.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/Priority%20List%20of%20Assam%202009-1027597947119137833361.pdf|title=Madhabdev kalakshetra- 230 Lakh Rupees Project|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725100511/http://mdoner.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/Priority%20List%20of%20Assam%202009-1027597947119137833361.pdf|archivedate=2011-07-25}}</ref> The Chief Minister of Assam, Tarun Gogoi, laid the foundation Stone of the Kalakshetra. The Madhabdev Kalakshetra was officially opened in May 2023.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/assam-cm-inaugurates-sri-sri-madhabdev-kalakshetra-at-narayanpur-lays-foundation-stone-of-several-projects20230510222256/|title=Assam CM inaugurates Sri Sri Madhabdev Kalakshetra at Narayanpur, lays foundation stone of several projects}}</ref>

===Other attractions===
Narayanpur is the birthplace of twelve holy gurus of Assam and hence regarded as a very holy place. It was the center of [Vaishnavism] during the era of [Madhabdev]. Apart from the religious and geographical attractions mentioned so far, it has an entire gamut of other attractions which have the full potential to become a tourist destination. Some of such attractions are Govind Mandir of Nepali people, Sakrahi Thaan, Dahgharia Satra, Sialmara Satra, Dharamgarh Ashram, Homora Thaan, Deberapar Satra etc.

==Economy==
Greater Narayanpur area has very fertile land suitable for agricultural production- mainly Rice, Maah (Lentil), Potato, Onion, Garlic, Ginger, Tomatoes, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Brinjal and other vegetables.
Different fruits like banana, berries, Mangoes, Coconuts, [[Areca nut|Tamol]] (Areca nuts) etc. are produced in abundance in the region.
Fisheries play a significant role towards the socio-economic upliftment of the common people of Narayanpur development block.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.cic.nic.in/cicwebpages/Assam/narayanpur/myweb/fisheries_at_narayanpur.htm| title=Fisheries in Naraynpur| access-date=13 September 2008| archive-date=13 February 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213163634/http://www.cic.nic.in/cicwebpages/Assam/narayanpur/myweb/fisheries_at_narayanpur.htm| url-status=dead}}</ref>
Till recent times, [[Assam silk|Muga]] ([[Assam silk]]) production was quite common rural cottage industry. Narayanpur has a Muga silkworm seed production unit under Central Silk Board, with its headquarters at Guwahati.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://indiansilk.kar.nic.in/rti/MSSO_Guwahati/MSSO_Guwahati.pdf| title=Central Silk Board, India| url-status=dead| archiveurl=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20090410010203/http://indiansilk.kar.nic.in/rti/MSSO_Guwahati/MSSO_Guwahati.pdf| archivedate=2009-04-10}}</ref> However, the present condition of this seed farm does not seem to be very good.

==Education==
{{Original research|section|date=January 2016}}
Narayanpur has many reputed schools and educational institutes that have produced many successful personalities in various fields like education, media, medicine, engineering, administrative services, defence services etc.
Madhabdev College and Narayanpur Higher Secondary school are situated near Narayanpur which caters for the higher education needs of the local population.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://dheassam.gov.in/du-college-list.asp| title=List of colleges under Dibrugarh University}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.madhabdevcollege.org.in|title=Madhabdev College, Narayanpur}}</ref>
Many professionals from Narayanpur are working in different fields all over India and many other countries. Writers and poets from Narayanpur have significant contribution to the Assamese literature.

Some notable educational institutions are:

Government institutes:

* [[Madhabdev University]]
* Narayanpur Higher Secondary School
* Dhalpur Higher Secondary school
* Harmoti Pichala High School
* Pichalaguri Higher Secondary School (Jarabari)
* Tatibahar High School
* Namani Subansiri Higher Secondary School
* Pichala National Academy

Private institutes:
* Sankardev Shishu Bidya Niketan
* Jigyasha Jatiya Vidyalaya
* Ekrit Academy
* Gyanjyoti Academy
* Sankardev Jatiya Vidyalaya

Private Computer-Technology Training institutes:

The first private computer training institute of the region was established in 1996. The name of this institute is "National Institute of Computer and Vocational Training Centre". There are a couple of IT institutes like CEC, EKRIT, APTECH, NBCE in Narayanpur.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Lakhimpur district]]
[[Category:North Lakhimpur]]

2014 Indian general election in Uttarakhand

2026-01-17T17:36:58Z

Provastu6: clean up

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2014 Indian general election in Uttarakhand
| country = India
| type = Parliamentary
| previous_election = 2009 Indian general election in Uttarakhand
| previous_year = 2009
| next_election = 2019 Indian general election in Uttarakhand
| next_year = 2019
| election_date = 7 May 2014
| seats_for_election = 5 seats
| turnout = '''61.67%''' ({{increase}} 8.24%)

| leader1 = [[Bhagat Singh Koshyari]]
| leaders_seat1 = [[Nainital–Udhamsingh Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nainital–Udhamsingh Nagar]]
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Governor of Maharashtra Shri B S Koshyari.jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=80|cHeight=100|oLeft=10|oTop=07}}
| party1 = Bharatiya Janata Party
| alliance1 = National Democratic Alliance
| last_election1 = 0
| popular_vote1 = '''24,29,698'''
| seats1 = '''5'''
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 5
| percentage1 = '''55.90%'''
| swing1 = {{increase}} 22.1%

| leader2 = [[Harish Rawat]]
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=HarishRawat.jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=80|cHeight=100|oLeft=10|oTop=07}}
| leaders_seat2 = Did not Contest
| popular_vote2 = 14,94,440
| party2 =Indian National Congress
|alliance2 = United Progressive Alliance
| last_election2 = 5
|seats2 = 0
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 5
| percentage2 = 34.4%
| swing2 = {{decrease}}8.74%

| map_image = File:Uttarakhand Lok Sabha election result 2019.png
| map_size = 300px
| map_caption = Constituencies of the Lok Sabha in Uttarakhand
| title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| before_election = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| before_party = Indian National Congress
| after_election = [[Narendra Modi]]
| after_party = Bharatiya Janata Party
}}

The [[2014 Indian general election]] in [[Uttarakhand]], occurred for 5 seats in the state. All 5 seats were won by the Bharatiya Janata Party.

== Parties and alliances ==

==={{legend2|{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}|[[National Democratic Alliance]]}}===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!colspan="2"|Party
!Flag
!Symbol
!Leader
!Seats contested
|-
|{{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|[[File:BJP flag.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Lotus flower symbol.svg|50px]]
|[[Bhagat Singh Koshyari]]
|5
|}

==={{legend2|{{party color|United Progressive Alliance}}|[[United Progressive Alliance]]}}===

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!colspan="2"|Party
!Flag
!Symbol
!Leader
!Seats contested
|-
|{{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|[[File:Indian National Congress Flag.svg|50px]]
|[[File:Hand INC.svg|50px]]
|[[Harish Rawat]]
|5
|-
|}

==Opinion polls==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:80%;line-height:20px;"
|-
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="100px"| When conducted
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="10px"| Ref
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="180px"| Polling organisation/agency
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="140px"| Sample size
| bgcolor={{party color|United Progressive Alliance}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|National Democratic Alliance}} |
|-
! class="wikitable" width="90px"| [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
! class="wikitable" width="90px"| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! Aug–Oct 2013
! rowspan=2|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/india-tv-c-voter-projection-big-gains-for-bjp-in-up-bihar-nda--14864.html |title=India TV-C Voter projection: Big gains for BJP in UP, Bihar; NDA may be 45 short of magic mark |publisher=Indiatv |date= |accessdate=13 February 2013}}</ref>
! [[Times Now]]-[[India TV]]-[[CVoter]]
! 24,284 || 0 || 5
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! Jan–Feb 2014
! [[Times Now]]-[[India TV]]-[[CVoter]]
! 14,000 || 0 || 5
|-
|}

==Results==
The results of the elections were declared on 16 May 2014.

===Results by Party===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="4" rowspan="2" | Party Name
! colspan="3" | Popular vote
! colspan="3" | Seats
|-
! Votes
! %
! ±[[Percentage point|pp]]
! Contested
! Won
! '''+/−'''
|-
| {{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| colspan="3"|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| 24,29,698
| 55.32
| {{increase}} 21.52
| 5
| 5
| {{increase}} 5
|-
| {{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
| colspan="3"|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| 14,94,440
| 34.03
| {{decrease}} 9.11
| 5
| 0
| {{decrease}} 5
|-
| {{Party color cell|Other}}
| colspan="3" | Others
| 3,43,551
| 7.82
| {{steady}}
| 37
| 0
| {{steady}}
|-
| {{Party color cell|Independent (politician)}}
| colspan="3" | [[Independent (politician)|IND]]
| 76,158
| 1.73
| {{decrease}} 1.01
| 27
| 0
| {{steady}}
|-
| {{Party color cell|None of the above (India)}}
| colspan="3" | [[None of the above (India)|NOTA]]
| 48,043
| 1.09
| {{steady}}
!colspan="3" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|
|-
! colspan="4" | Total
! 43,91,890
! 100%
! -
! 73
! 5
! -
|}

===Elected MPs===
Following is the list of elected [[Member of parliament, Lok Sabha|MPs]] from Uttarakhand.

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!colspan="2" rowspan="2"|Constituency
! colspan="5" |Winner
! colspan="5" |Runner-up
! colspan="2" |Margin
|-
!Candidate
! colspan="2" |Party
! data-sort-type=number | Votes
! data-sort-type=number | %
!Candidate
! colspan="2" |Party
!data-sort-type=number | Votes
!data-sort-type=number | %
!data-sort-type=number | Votes
!data-sort-type=number | %
|-
!1
|[[Tehri Garhwal Lok Sabha constituency|Tehri Garhwal]]
|[[Mala Rajya Laxmi Shah]]
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|446,733
|57.50
|Saket Bahuguna
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|254,230
|32.72
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|192,503
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|24.78
|-

!2
|[[Garhwal Lok Sabha constituency|Garhwal]]
|[[B. C. Khanduri]]
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|405,690
|59.31
|[[Harak Singh Rawat]]
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|221,164
|32.33
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|184,526
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|26.98
|-

!3
|[[Almora Lok Sabha constituency|Almora]]
|[[Ajay Tamta]]
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|348,186
|53.00
|[[Pradeep Tamta]]
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|252,496
|38.44
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|95,690
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|14.56
|-

!4
|[[Nainital-Udhamsingh Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Nainital-Udhamsingh Nagar]]
|[[Bhagat Singh Koshyari]]
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|636,769
|57.79
|[[K. C. Singh Baba]]
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|352,052
|31.95
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|284,717
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|25.84
|-

!5
|[[Hardwar Lok Sabha constituency|Hardwar]]
|[[Ramesh Pokhriyal]]
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|592,320
|50.38
|Renuka Rawat
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|414,498
|35.25
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|177,822
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|15.13
|-
|}

== Assembly Segment wise lead ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan=2|Party
!Assembly segments
!Position in Assembly (as of 2017 election)
|-
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
! [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|63
|57
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
! [[Indian National Congress]]
|7
|11
|-
|bgcolor=#FAF8FA|
! Others
|0
|2
|-
!colspan=2|Total
!colspan=2|70
|}

== See also ==

* [[Elections in Uttarakhand]]
* [[Politics of Uttarakhand]]
* [[2014 Indian general election]]
* [[16th Lok Sabha]]
* [[List of members of the 16th Lok Sabha]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Uttarakhand elections}}
{{16th LS members from Uttarakhand}}
{{Indian general election, 2014}}

[[Category:2014 Indian general election by state or union territory|Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:Indian general elections in Uttarakhand]]

Chandkuchi

2026-01-13T15:21:47Z

Provastu6: made the data w/ refs

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chandkuchi
| other_name = Chandra Kuchi
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| settlement_type = Village
| etymology =
| pushpin_map = India Assam#India
| pushpin_map_caption = Map of Assam
| coordinates = {{coord|26.4102|91.43126|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Assam]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Nalbari district|Nalbari]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gram Panchayat]]
| subdivision_name3 = Uttar Bahjani<ref>{{cite web |title=Block-wise Village List |url=https://nalbari.assam.gov.in/information-and-services/block-wise-village-list |website=[[Nalbari district]] [[Government of Assam]] |access-date=7 January 2026}}</ref>
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type =
| seat =
| leader_party =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_m = 56
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 3400
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 781334<ref>{{cite web |title=Chandkuchi BO Pin Code, Nalbari, Assam |url=https://www.ndtv.com/tools/pincodes/assam/nalbari/chandkuchi-bo |website=[[NDTV]] |access-date=7 January 2026}}</ref>
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in India|STD Code]]
| area_code = 03624
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Census of India|Census]] code
| blank_info_sec1 = 303962
| footnotes =
| pushpin_map_alt = Nalbari district
| area_total_ha = 371.56
| registration_plate = AS-14
}}

'''Chandkuchi''' also named as '''Chandra Kuchi''' is a census village in [[Nalbari district]], [[Assam]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=General |first1=India Office of the Registrar |title=Census of India, 1971: Series 1: India |date=1900 |publisher=Manager of Publications |location=[[University of California]] |page=531 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Gupta Kashyap |first1=Samudra |title=In ULFA’s former bastion rises new opportunity |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/in-ulfas-former-bastion-rises-new-opportunity/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=7 January 2026 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=18 April 2014 |language=en}}</ref> As per [[2011 Census of India]], the village has a total population of 3,400 people of which 1,767 are males and 1,633 are females.<ref>{{cite web |title=PCA: Primary Census Abstract C.D. Block wise, Assam - District Nalbari - 2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/41002/download/44633/PCA_CDB-1824-F-Census.xlsx |website=Census Digital Library |publisher=[[Census of India]] |access-date=5 January 2026}}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Nalbari district]]

Makara, Dudhi

2025-12-21T19:27:17Z

Provastu6: Creating some details added tags.

{{Short description|Village in Sonbhadra district, Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Orphan|date=December 2025}}
{{notability|1=Places|date=April 2025}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}

'''Makara''' is a village situated in [[Dudhi]] subdistrict of the [[Sonbhadra district]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Makara Village (Pincode: 231222), Dudhi, Sonbhadra {{!}} Uttar Pradesh {{!}} – Population, Area, Nearby Villages, Assembly & Parliament Constituency |url=https://villageinfo.org/village/214117 |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=villageinfo.org}}</ref>

The Village is nearly 5 Kilometres away from [[Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar]] and around 25 Kilometres from [[Renukoot]].

The village is rich in greenery and there is environment friendly and healthy atmosphere here.

However, the village lacks in development as it is located in the remote area, away from city and any industry.

== Census report ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|Population
|1788
|-
|Total No. of Houses
|328
|-
|Literacy Rate
|58.36%
|-
|Male population in the Village
|921
|-
|Female Population in the Village
|867
|-
| colspan="2"|Sources:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Makara Village Population - Dudhi - Sonbhadra, Uttar Pradesh |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/214117-makara-uttar-pradesh.html |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref>
|}

== Schools ==

* Primary School Makara<ref>{{Cite web |title=P.S.MAKRA - Makra 10 District Sonbhadra (Uttar Pradesh) |url=https://schools.org.in/sonbhadra/09700809501/p-s-makra.html |access-date=2025-04-24 |website=schools.org.in}}</ref>

== Railway station ==
The nearest railway station from the village is [[Renukoot railway station]], which is about 20 kilometres from the village.

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Sonbhadra district]]

15th International Film Festival of India

2025-12-15T03:30:01Z

Provastu6: Started a article w/ refs

{{Short description|Indian film festival in 1992}}
{{Infobox film awards
| number =15
| award =International Film Festival of India
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| awarded_for = Best of World cinema
| award_org =
| presenting_org = [[Directorate of Film Festivals]]
| announced_date =
| presented_date =
| host =
| website = {{URL|www.iffigoa.org/}}
| lifetime_achievement =
| best_feature =
| last = 14th
| next = 24th
}}
The '''15th [[International Film Festival of India]]''' was held as '''IFFI' 92''' during 10–20 January 1992 at [[Bengaluru]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/FrmIP1991Award.aspx?PdfName=IP1991.pdf |title=Indian Cinema 1991 |publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals |date=1992 |access-date=22 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006093640/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/FrmIP1991Award.aspx?PdfName=IP1991.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Chinnarayana |first=Pulagam |url=http://s1056.photobucket.com/user/PavanJandhyala/library/Siva?sort=3&page=1 |title=శివ{{mdash}}సెల్యులాయిడ్ చరిత్రలో సహజావేశం |trans-title=Siva{{mdash}}A natural frustration in the history of celluloid |language=Telugu |date=August 2007 |magazine=[[Telugu Naadi (magazine)|Telugu Naadi]] |location=United States |issn=1559-7008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531122221/http://s1056.photobucket.com/user/PavanJandhyala/library/Siva?sort=3&page=1 |archive-date=31 May 2016 |access-date=9 April 2016 |page=54}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=International Film Festival of India 1990 |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm13IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=13IIFA.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420093021/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm13IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=13IIFA.pdf |archive-date=20 April 2016 |access-date=17 April 2016 |publisher=[[Directorate of Film Festivals]]}}</ref>

The festival was made interim non-competitive following a decision taken in August 1988 by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm12IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=12IIFA.pdf |title=Directorate of Film Festival |access-date=2018-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231211420/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm12IIFAAward.aspx?PdfName=12IIFA.pdf |archive-date=2017-12-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The earlier "Filmotsavs" and IFFI 90-91-92 together constituted 23 editions of the festival, and the 1993 IFFI becoming the [[24th International Film Festival of India|24th edition]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rrtd.nic.in/iffi-2002.htm|title=International Film Festival in India|website=rrtd.nic.in|access-date=31 March 2020|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041121093039/http://rrtd.nic.in/iffi-2002.htm|archive-date=21 November 2004}}</ref>

==Non-competitive sections==
*Cinema of The World
*Indian Panorama – Feature Films
*Indian Panorama – Non-Feature Films
*Indian Panorama – Mainstream Films

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{International Film Festival of India|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:1992 film festivals]]
[[Category:International Film Festival of India|15th]]
[[Category:1992 in Indian cinema]]

Raver Lok Sabha constituency

2025-12-14T09:21:25Z

Provastu6: Made new stub

{{short description|Lok Sabha constituency in Maharashtra}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2015}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Raver
| type = LS
| map_image ={{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Lok Sabha constituencies/2019/Maharashtra/Raver.map}}
| map_caption =Raver Lok Sabha Constituency map
| map_alt =
| state = [[Maharashtra]]
| district = [[Jalgaon district|Jalgaon]], [[Buldhana district|Buldhana]]
| established = 2008
| abolished =
| assembly_cons = [[Chopda Assembly constituency|Chopda]] [[Raver Assembly constituency|Raver]] [[Bhusawal Assembly constituency|Bhusawal]] [[Jamner Assembly constituency|Jamner]] [[Muktainagar Assembly constituency|Muktainagar]] [[Malkapur Assembly constituency|Malkapur]]
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Indian general elections|2024]]
| reservation = None
| incumbent_image = Raksha Nikhil Khadse assumed charge as the Minister of State for Youth Affairs and Sports (cropped).jpg
| mp = [[Raksha Khadse]]
| party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| alliance = [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
| electors = 18,21,750
| preceded_by = [[Haribhau Jawale]], {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
}}
'''Raver''' is one of the 48 [[Lok Sabha]] (lower house of Indian parliament) constituencies of [[Maharashtra]] state in western [[India]]. [[Raver, Maharashtra|This]] constituency was created on 19 February 2008 as a part of the implementation of the [[President of India|Presidential]] notification based on the recommendations of the [[Delimitation Commission of India]] constituted on 12 July 2002.<ref name=delimit/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/20/stories/2008022058631200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228022947/http://www.hindu.com/2008/02/20/stories/2008022058631200.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 February 2008|work=[[The Hindu]]|title=Delimitation notification comes into effect|date=20 February 2008}}</ref> It first held elections in 2009 and its first member of parliament (MP) was [[Haribhau Jawale]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].

==Vidhan Sabha segments==
Presently, Raver Lok Sabha constituency comprises six [[Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) segments. These segments are:<ref name=delimit>{{cite web|url=https://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/Downloads/Notification%20_English.pdf|format=PDF|page=23|title=Delimitation Commission of India Notification|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra|access-date=8 November 2014}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #
! Name
! District
! Member
! colspan="2" | Party
! colspan=2 |Leading {{small|(in 2024)}}
|-
|10
|[[Chopda Assembly constituency|Chopda]] (ST)
| rowspan="5" |[[Jalgaon district|Jalgaon]]
|[[Chandrakant Sonawane]]
|{{party name with color|Shiv Sena (2022–present)}}
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=6}}
|-
|11
|[[Raver Assembly constituency|Raver]]
|[[Amol Haribhau Jawale]]
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
|12
|[[Bhusawal Assembly constituency|Bhusawal]] (SC)
|[[Sanjay Waman Sawakare|Sanjay Sawakare]]
|-
|19
|[[Jamner Assembly constituency|Jamner]]
|[[Girish Mahajan]]
|-
|20
|[[Muktainagar Assembly constituency|Muktainagar]]
|[[Chandrakant Nimba Patil|Chandrakant Patil]]
|style="background-color: {{party color|Shiv Sena (2022–present)}}" |
|[[Shiv Sena (2022–present)|SHS]]
|-
|21
|[[Malkapur Assembly constituency|Malkapur]]
|[[Buldhana district|Buldhana]]
|[[Chainsukh Madanlal Sancheti|Chainsukh Sancheti]]
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|}

== Members of Parliament ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Name
! colspan="2"|Party
|-
|colspan="4"|{{center|''till 2008 : Seat did not exist''}}
|-
|[[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
|[[Haribhau Jawale]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=4}}
|-
|[[2014 Indian general election|2014]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Raksha Khadse]]
|-
|[[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
|-
|[[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
|}

==Election results==
===General elections 2024===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Indian general elections]]: [[Raver, Maharashtra|Raver]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Raksha Khadse]]
|votes = 6,30,879
|percentage = 53.84
|change = {{down}}6.63
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Shriram Dayaram Patil
|party = Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)
|votes = 3,58,696
|percentage = 30.61
|change = ''New''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party =Vanchit Bahujan Aghadi
|candidate =Sanjay Pandit Bramhane
|votes = 59,120
|percentage = 5.05
|change ={{down}}3.10
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Eknath Nago Salunke
|votes = 43,982
|percentage = 3.75
|change = NA
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
| party = Bharat Adivasi Party
|candidate = Gulab Dayaram Bhil
|votes = 9,644
|percentage = 0.82
|change = ''New''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Vijay Ramkrushna Kale
|votes = 7577
|percentage = 0.65
|change = {{up}}0.12
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
| party = None of the above (India)
|candidate =[[None of the Above]]
|votes = 4,100
|percentage = 0.35
|change ={{down}}0.45
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 2,72,183
|percentage = 23.23
|change = {{down}}7.76
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 11,71,666
|percentage = 64.32
|change = {{up}}2.55
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General elections 2019===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Indian general elections]]: [[Raver, Maharashtra|Raver]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Raksha Khadse]]
|votes = 6,55,386
|percentage = 60.47
|change = 0.47
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Dr. Ulhas Patil
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 3,19,504
|percentage = 29.48
|change = 27.37
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Vanchit Bahujan Aghadi
|candidate = Nitin Kandelkar
|votes = 88,365
|percentage = 8.15
|change = New
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Yogendra Viththal Kolate
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 5,705
|percentage = 0.53
|change = NA
}}
{{Election box candidate |
|party = [[Independent (politician)|IND]]
|candidate = D. D. Wani
|votes = 4,274
|percentage = 0.4
|change = 0.06
}}
{{Election box candidate |
|party = [[Independent (politician)|IND]]
|candidate = Nazmin Shaikh Ramjan
|votes = 2,581
|percentage = 0.24
|change = NA
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Hindustan Janta Party
|candidate = Madhukar Sopan Patil
|votes = 1,607
|percentage = 0.1
|change = NA
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Roshan Aara Sadikali
|party = Indian Union Muslim League
|votes = 1,103
|percentage = 0.10
|change = NA
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Rashtravadi Janata Party
|candidate = Ajit Namdar Tadvi
|votes = 1,425
|percentage = 0.1
|change = NA
}}
{{Election box candidate |
|party = [[Independent (politician)|IND]]
|candidate = Tawar Vijay Jagan
|votes = 1,141
|percentage = 0.1
|change = NA
}}
{{Election box candidate |
|party = [[Independent (politician)|IND]]
|candidate = Guarav Damodar Surwade
|votes = 985
|percentage = 0.1
|change = NA
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
| party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the Above]]
|votes = 9216
|percentage = 0.8
|change = NA
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 3,35,882
|percentage = 30.99
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,096,511
|percentage = 61.77
|change = 27.90
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General elections 2014===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Indian general elections]]: [[Raver, Maharashtra|Raver]]<ref name=turnout>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702210941/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/GE2014/PC_WISE_TURNOUT.htm|archive-date=2 July 2014|title=Parliamentary Constituency wise Turnout for General Election - 2014|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/GE2014/PC_WISE_TURNOUT.htm|access-date=2 June 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS134.htm?ac=4|title=Maharashtra - Raver|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=21 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140628133442/http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS134.htm?ac=4|archive-date=28 June 2014}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Raksha Khadse]]
|votes = 6,05,452
|percentage = 60.00
|change = +14.33
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Nationalist Congress Party
|candidate = Manish Jain
|votes = 2,87,384
|percentage = 28.48
|change = -13.27
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Dashram Motiram Bhande
|votes = 29,000
|percentage = 2.95
|change = -1.72
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
| party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the Above]]
|votes = 4,212
|percentage = 0.41
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box margin of victory|
|votes = 318,068
|percentage = 31.52
|change = +27.60
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 10,11,417
|percentage = 63.48
|change = +12.73
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser= Nationalist Congress Party
|swing = +14.33
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General elections 2009===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Indian general elections]]: [[Raver, Maharashtra|Raver]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2009/Stats/VOLI/25_ConstituencyWiseDetailedResult.pdf|title=Constituency Wise Detailed Results |pages=81–82|publisher=Election Commission of India|format=PDF|access-date=30 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811090059/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2009/Stats/VOLI/25_ConstituencyWiseDetailedResult.pdf|archive-date=11 August 2014}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Haribhau Jawale]]
|votes = 3,28,843
|percentage = 45.67
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Nationalist Congress Party
|candidate = Bhaiyyasaheb Ravindra Patil
|votes = 3,00,625
|percentage = 41.75
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Suresh Patil
|votes = 33,641
|percentage = 4.67
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate|
|party = [[Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh|BBM]]
|candidate = Teli Shaikh Ismail Haji Hasan
|votes = 11,510
|percentage = 1.60
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box margin of victory|
|votes = 28,218
|percentage = 3.92
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 7,20,035
|percentage = 50.75
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser=Nationalist Congress Party
|swing=
}}

{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Erandol Lok Sabha constituency]]
* [[Jalgaon district]]
* [[Buldhana district]]
* [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://indiaelection.github.io/indiaelections2014info/parliament/2019/states/maharashtra/raver/lok_sabha_parliamentary_election_2019_results.html Raver lok sabha constituency election 2019 results details]

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of Maharashtra}}
{{coords|21.2|76.0|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raver Lok Sabha constituency}}
[[Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in Maharashtra created in 2008]]
[[Category:Jalgaon district]]
[[Category:Buldhana district]]

Manasa, Madhya Pradesh

2025-11-29T12:46:59Z

Provastu6: Creating the article initial version.

{{For|the Hindu goddess of fertility|Manasa}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Manasa
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline = Badrivishal Mandir.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Badrivishal Temple, Manasa
| nickname = Mandiron Ki Nagri
| pushpin_map = India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Madhya Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|24.48|N|75.15|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Neemuch district|Neemuch]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = Nagar Panchayat
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 2.76
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 439
| population_total = 26,551
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 458110
| area_code = 07421
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#MP.E2.80.94Madhya Pradesh|MP]]-44
| unemployment_rate =
| website =
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| demographics1_title2 = Native
| demographics1_info2 = [[Malvi language|Malvi]]
}}
'''Manasa''' is a town with [[nagar palika|nagar panchayat]] in [[Neemuch district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]]. It was under the princely state of Holker before [[Indian Independence Act 1947|Indian independence]]. This state was settled by Masania shepherds.

==History==
It is a major town in Neemuch district of Madhya Pradesh. Manasa is a seat of the legislative assembly. It is tehsil headquarters. The town is well connected by road from Mandsaur, Neemuch and also to Kota via Bhanpura. It was under the princely state of Holker before independence.

==Places of worship==
Many temples and mosques are found across Manasa.

===Temples===
The town is famous for its number of temples.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Some of its temples are:
|-
! Name of temple !! Address in Manasa !! Image
|-
| Shri Badrivishal Mandir || Ghandhi Chock || [[File:Badrivishal Mandir.jpg|thumb|left|Top view of the Badrivishal Mandir]]
|-
| Sai Mandir ||Police Colony ||[[File:Sai_Mandir_of_Manasa.jpg|thumb|left|Sai Temple, Manasa]]
|-
| Shiv Mandir || Dwarikapuri ||[[File:A view of Shiv Mandir from outside..JPG|thumb|left|A street view image showing the front building of Shiv Mandir which is in Dwarikapuri]]
|}
===Mosques===
The town has two major mosques:
*Bohra [[Mazid]]
*Muslim [[mosque]]

==Monuments==
There is a famous monument in Manasa which is known as Vijay Stamba (Vijay Sthamb). It is made of white polished marble and is {{cvt|1.7|m}} tall. It lies at the intersection of Sadar Bazar Road and City Hospital Road, near Sabzi Mandi (Vegetable Market) and also near the famous temple Shree Manshapurn Mahadev Madir. It is in front of the famous Baser ji ka baada. Vijay Stamba denotes for Victory, as its meaning is ''The Pillar of Victory''. It was built in 1960, i.e. 13 years after independence.

==Geography==
{{More citations needed section|date=February 2021}}
Manasa is located at {{Coord|24.48|N|75.15|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/35/Manasa.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Manasa]</ref> It has an average elevation of 439 metres (1440 feet). It comes under the [[Malwa]] Region on the [[Malwa Plateau]].

===Soil===
The soils in the Manasa Tehsil are generally of four types: medium deep black cotton soil, red loamy soil, laterite soil and alluvial soil. Black cotton soil is derived from weathering and disintegration of basaltic lava flow. Most of the district is covered by medium deep black soil. Red loamy soil consists of sandy loam to clayey loam and is brick in colour. This soil is derived from Vindhyan sandstone and shale and occurring in the valley portion on the plateau and adjacent to hill composed of Vindhyan sandstone. This type of soil covers a northern part of the district. Laterite soil dark brown to pink coloured lateritic soil is found as capping over hillocks of basaltic terrain. Alluvial soils are grayish yellow to brownish yellow in colour and are found along the major rivers.

====Crops====
The [[tehsil]] is famous for crops of [[opium]] (''affem'') and soybean.

===Nature and surroundings===
Outer parts of the town are surrounded with large agricultural farmlands.

====Gardens and parks====
There are two gardens and one park in Manasa:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Name !! Pigeons !! Rabbits !! Tortoise !! Slides/swings !! Benches !! Charge
|-
| Kachua Garden || No|| Yes || Yes || Some ||yes|| Free
|-
| Vrandavan Garden ||yes|| No || No || Many || Yes || Free
|-
| Usha Ganj Park || Yes || Yes||Yes|| No || Yes || Free
|}

====Water sources====
Manasa has two major ponds. Rampira Talab lies in the Neemuch Naka, visible from MP SH 31A and also from Dhakani Road. Manasa Talai lies on Mandsaur Naka near the temple of God Shani Dev. It is visible from Mandsaur Road.

Many other ponds are found within and around the [[tehsil]] of Manasa.

==Transport==
Manasa is well connected by roads. Madhya Pradesh State Highway 31A passes from here.

There are basic transport facilities in Manasa.

===Bus transport===
[[File:Bus Stand, Manasa.JPG|thumb|Bus station at Manasa]]
'''Major routes of buses from Manasa:'''
* Manasa - Kukdeshwar - Rampura - Ghandhi Sagar (Chambal) - [[Rawatbhata]] - [[Kota, Rajasthan|Kota]] - [[Bundi]]
* Manasa - Kukdeshwar - [[Rampura, Neemuch|Rampura]] - Ghandhi Sagar(Chambal) - [[Bhanpura]] - [[Kota, Rajasthan|Kota]]
* Manasa - Piplia - [[Mandsaur]] - [[Ujjain|Ratlam-Ujjain]]
* Manasa - Sawankund - Savan - Girdauda - [[Neemuch]]
* Manasa - Dhakani - Kacholi

====Bus stops====
The town also has one proper bus station and two major bus stops.

===Railways===
The railway network is not currently established in Manasa. One can go to [[Neemuch]] or Piplia to get a train.

====Nearest station====
The nearest railway station is at Neemuch. (distance - 30 km)
[[File:Railway station of Nimuch.jpg|thumbnail|Railway station of Neemuch, front building]]

====Other nearby stations====
Note: red coloured: in Madhya Pradesh; white coloured: in Rajasthan

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Station name !! Distance from Manasa
|-
| Neemuch Railway Station || 30 km
|-
| style="background: red; color: white;" | Piplia Railway Station || style="background: red; color: white;" | 40 km
|-
| Nimbahera Railway Station || 53.7 km
|-
| style="background: red; color: white;" | Mandsaur Railway Station || style="background: red; color: white;" | 58 km
|-
| Chittaurgarh Railway Station || 90.1 km
|-
| style="background: red; color: white;" | Jaora Railway Station || style="background: red; color: white;" | 124 km
|-
| Kota Junction || 172 km
|-
| style="background: red; color: white;" | Ratlam Junction || style="background: red; color: white;" | 182 km
|}

====Helipad====
Manasa has two helipads, one near Vivakanand Colony and another near Sawankund village.

====Airport====
The nearest airport is Maharana Pratap Airport or Dabok Airport at Udaipur (distance - 137 km).
<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.co.in/maps/dir/Manasa,+Madhya+Pradesh/Maharana+Pratap+Airport,+NH+76,+Dabok,+Udaipur,+Rajasthan+313023/data=!4m8!4m7!1m2!1m1!1s0x3965dcc59e70df39:0xb8619b12233dbda3!1m2!1m1!1s0x3967dce72c3bc507:0x1f9ed3f75e34d2b2!3e0|title=Manasa to Maharana Pratap Airport Udaipur}}</ref>

====Airstrip====
An airstrip (हवाई पट्टी) also exists on the south of railway line near Jaisingpura village which is in [[Neemuch district|Neemuch District]]. It is 31 km away from Manasa and the estimated time to reach there is 43 minutes.

==Demographics==
{{update after|2022}}
As of the [[2011 Census of India]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Manasa had a population of 26,822. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Manasa has an average literacy rate of 68%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 77%, and female literacy is 58%. In Manasa, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.

===Festivals===
All national festivals such as Teej, RangTeras, Raksha Bandhan, Krishna Janmashtami, Navratri, Durga puja, Dussehra, [[Ganesh Utsav]], [[Deepavali]], [[Ramadan|Ramzan]], [[Gudi Padwa]], [[Bhaidooj]] and others like Nagpanchmi are celebrated here.

==Areas==
Manasa, being a developing town, is slowly emerging and expanding its areas.

===Localities===
*'''Court Area''' covers the area near the Local Judiciary Court of Manasa.
*'''Purana Manasa''' was the first civilization in Manasa. The town started its expansions from here. Long ago, it was the only part where people lived.
* '''Bada Bagela''' was named after a big Bohra mosque, ''Bohra Mazjid'', which exists slightly in the center of this area. Bada Bagela consists of four streets of Manasa and seven other narrow streets known as ''Galis'' are in it.
* '''Ghandhi Chock''' was named after a famous little stage in Manasa known as ''Ghandhi Chock''. The area starts right from the stage and ends at the historic temple of Badrivishal. The area does have a large territory road in it known as Sadar Bazar Road.
* '''Junasath''' is probably the longest spread out area as it covers the region over a long road known as Junasath Marg. It is a famous Momidian area which contains many tailoring stores.
* '''Usha Ganj Colony''' is one of the cleanest & lavish area in Manasa. A big garden is also situated in its center. The colony is well sanitized and clean. The roads are wide and provide ease to every resident.
* '''Maheshvaram Vihar Colony'''
* '''Gayatri Nagar''' A spiritual colony where situated a Temple called Gayatri Shakti Peeth.
* Govind Colony
* Ambedkar Colony
* Akshat Nagar
* Ma Vihar Colony
* Vivekanand Colony
* Anand Vihar Colony
* Noori Colony
* Wonder City
* Ishawar Nagar

===Mohollas===
* Ghati Moholla is covered on the topmost surface area of Manasa and hence was named as ''Ghati'' which means High surface or slanting areas.
* Dhobhi Moholla is famous for a number of cloth washers who have their business and houses there. It was named after Dhobhi as it means "washerman".

===Commercial areas===
* '''Kapda Bazar''' - A clothing market is present in Manasa. The cloth market is concentrated in a long narrow street, known as the Kapda Bazaar Road. With a number or clothing stores, some jewelry stores are also found there.
* '''Sadar Bazar''' - This is a combination of a steady market as well as houses of middle-class families. The market starts right from the great temple of Shri Badrivishal and extends well up to the memorable monument – "Vijay Sthamba." The road here is wide and provides almost everything that a person needs in day-to-day life. Things that can be found here are medical stores, clothing stores, groceries, electronics and electricals, stationery products, fast food and sweets, seeds and fertilizers, chilies and species, paan vendors, fruits and vegetables.
* '''Chopadgatta''' - numerous sweets shops have enjoyed business in Manasa at Chopadgataa which is referred to as "the heart of town" where one finds food items to enjoy after dinner, like gajak, gulab jamoon, rabri, and hot boiled milk.
* '''The Bus Stand Market''' is situated on the wide Bus Stand Road which is a major road of the town. It is a large commercial place where stores and shops of different products can be found. Sweets, clothes, shoes, electronics and groceries can be found in this market. The location of the bus station of Manasa here provides this area a good economy and transportation.

==References==
{{Commons category|Manasa, Madhya Pradesh}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Ujjain Division}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Neemuch district]]

Mullipakkam

2025-11-28T01:41:08Z

Provastu6: Creating new article first draft

{{more citations needed|date=August 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Mullipakkam, Chengalpattu District
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| settlement_type = Village
| image_alt =
| pushpin_map = India Tamil Nadu
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu, India
| coordinates = {{coord|12.655|N|80.11|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| government_type =
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Chengalpattu district]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Taluk]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Thiruporur taluk|Thiruporur]]
| subdivision_type4 = Nearest Town
| subdivision_name4 = [[Chengalpattu]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| nickname =
| other_name =
| population_footnotes =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1,926
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| governing_body =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 603105
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
| official_name =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_ha = 349.04
| subdivision_type5 = Nearest Villages
| subdivision_name5 = [[Rayamangalam (Tamilnadu)|Rayamangalam]], [[Karumbakkam]], [[Manampathy]]
}}
'''Mullipakkam''' is a medium size village located at a distance of 12 km (approximately) away from the town of [[Chengalpattu]]. It comes under the [[Thiruporur taluk|Thiruporur Taluk]] and [[Chengalpattu District]] of Tamilnadu. It also comes under Mullipakkam panchayat. As per the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]], 1,926 people living in the village. There are about 462 houses in Mullipakkam village. The total geographical area of village is 349.04 hectares.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mullipakkam Population (2020/2021), Village in Chengalpattu Taluk|url=http://www.indiagrowing.com/Tamil_Nadu/Kanchipuram/Chengalpattu/Mullipakkam|access-date=2021-08-31|website=www.indiagrowing.com|language=en}}{{dead link|date=November 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

== Transport ==
The following bus services are operating via Mullipakkam:

* 75: From [[Chengalpattu]] to [[Manampathy]] via Mullipakkam village.

== Notable Places ==
The following places are situated in the village of Mullipakkam:

* Panchayat Union Middle School, Mullipakkam.
* Ellaiamman Temple.
* Muthumari Amman Koil.
* Periya Palayathamman Temple.
* ECI St.Thomas Church.

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Chengalpattu district]]

K. Varadachari

2025-11-04T06:04:15Z

Provastu6: data

{{Short description|Indian lawyer, freedom fighter (1890 – 1963)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = K. Varadachari
| other_names = Kidambi Varadachari
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1890|07|16|df=yes}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1963|01|01|1890|07|16|df=yes}}
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
}}
'''K. Varadachari''' (16 July 1890 – 1 January 1963) was an Indian lawyer, freedom fighter, and politician.

== Early life and education ==
K. Varadachari was born on 16 July 1890.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=PERSONAL LIFE |url=https://www.kidambivaradachari.com/congressman |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=kidambivaradachari |language=en}}</ref> He grew up in Madras and was educated at Tirupathi Devasthanam Hindu High School and Pachiappa's High School.<ref name=":0" /> He earned a Bachelor of Arts from [[Madras Christian College]] in 1913 and a Bachelor of Law from [[Madras Law College]].<ref name=":0" />

== Legal career ==
Varadachari was admitted to the bar in 1918 and began his career practicing under [[B. Munuswamy Naidu|B. Muniswamy Naidu]], before eventually opening his own legal practice.<ref name=":0" />

== Political career ==
Varadachari became an [[Indian National Congress]] congressman in 1919.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Raju |first=P. Yanadi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I3C11beCHF0C |title=Rayalaseema During Colonial Times: A Study in Indian Nationalism |date=2003 |publisher=Northern Book Centre |isbn=978-81-7211-139-7 |pages=154 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=A FREEDOM FIGHTER |url=https://www.kidambivaradachari.com/pati |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=kidambivaradachari |language=en}}</ref> Varadachari was sentenced to a year in prison in 1920 for his participation in the [[Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922)|Non-Cooperation Movement]].<ref name=":2" /> In 1935 Varadachari served on the District Board of Chittoor and the [[All India Congress Committee]].<ref name=":2" /> He also served in the Madras Legislative Assembly between 1937 and 1955.<ref name=":2" />

== Death ==
K. Varadachari died on 1 January 1963.<ref>{{Cite web |title=THE GREAT MAN'S DEMISE |url=https://www.kidambivaradachari.com/family-tree |access-date=2024-06-22 |website=kidambivaradachari |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==

<references />

{{DEFAULTSORT:Varadachari, K.}}
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:1890 births]]
[[Category:1963 deaths]]
[[Category:Madras MLAs 1952–1957]]

Gandhi Global Family medals and awards

2025-11-04T05:16:42Z

Provastu6: Revised and enhanced article content

[[File:CM Azad Sabh presenting award to Air Force officer.jpg|280px|thumb|upright|Presenting [[Mahatma Gandhi Award]] to [[Indian Air Force]] Officer by Shri [[Ghulam Nabi Azad]] & Governor Shri [[Srinivas Kumar Sinha]] and Padmashri S P Varma]]
The '''Gandhi Global Family medals and awards''' are awards offered by the Gandhi Global Family for contributions to society.

== Gandhi Global Family (GGF) Medals/Awards ==

{|
|-
!| Award
!| Qualifications
|-
| Mahatma Gandhi Award || Open to all
|-
| Mahatma Gandhi Seva Medal || Open to all ||
|-
| GGF Brand Ambassador Award || Open to all
|-
| Gandhi Doot Medal || Students only ||
|}

== Mahatma Gandhi Awards ==

The Mahatma Gandhi Award is the highest award conferred by the Gandhi Global Family. This award is named in honour of [[Mahatma Gandhi]], leader of the movement for [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence]]. The recipients of the Mahatma Gandhi Award are the [[Indian Air Force]] and [[Indian Army]] for their work of rehabilitation and resettlement of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] State after the devastating [[2005 Kashmir earthquake]] and Jain Acharya Samrat Dr Shiv Muni ji Maharaj of [[Sthanakvasi]] for promoting universal peace and brotherhood.

== Mahatma Gandhi Seva Medal ==

The Mahatma Gandhi Seva Medal is the second highest award. It is awarded to individuals and organizations to recognize outstanding services provided to impoverished segments. Notable recipients of the Mahatma Gandhi Seva Medal include the [[Dalai Lama]], then President of India Shri [[K R Narayanan]], UPA Chairperson & President of INC Smt [[Sonia Gandhi]], Speaker Lok Sabha Smt [[Meira Kumar]], Former [[Odissa]] [[Chief Minister]] and present [[Assam]] Governor [[Janaki Ballabh Patnaik]], Former [[Indian Army]] Chief and [[Arunachal Pradesh]] Governor [[Joginder Jaswant Singh]], YHAI President Shri Dr. Harish Saxena, [[Satguru Madhu Paramhans]] from Sahib Bandgi,<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G74YLpNmb_A Award video Mission(Bhring Mat)</ref> Thai Monk Ven Phrarajabhavanavisudh, Secretary General, [[SAARC|Saarclaw]] [[Hemant Batra]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yhaindia.org/yhai-news-details.php?id=12/ |title=Dr. Harish K. Saxena, National President, YHAI was awarded Mahatma Gandhi Seva Medal |publisher=Yhaindia.org |date=2012-10-17 |access-date=2013-08-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.orissadiary.com/CurrentNews.asp?id=19316 |title=Orissa: Gandhi Seva Medal Conferred on KIIT's Dr. Samanta, Odisha Current News, Odisha Latest Headlines |publisher=Orissadiary.com |date=2010-06-24 |access-date=2013-11-08 |archive-date=2013-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005247/http://www.orissadiary.com/CurrentNews.asp?id=19316 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.fanbox.com/SinglePost.aspx?pbid=1101006&post=1231582&bts=42&tpc=%2B8IMCDHln2JtXyDi7Ir70Jqi1N0i6mKckm7ONOwEbYFeo65beY8pLj1gaR11qekEkciZjNyJ4X1f6B5nMJQ71271l5tFKSlvyX1J4CiGLVm5P15a3x%2FpOs3Ry0kbX2zOxArSkz%2BSD2FVjyoMRliSaH9MSx5mEvkIycX%2BILr988Wp%2BriHVj2wqoErDoG7Xu1f |title=Phrarajabhavanavisudh - FanBox.com |publisher=Blogs.fanbox.com |access-date=2013-08-18 |archive-date=2013-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019200956/http://blogs.fanbox.com/SinglePost.aspx?pbid=1101006&post=1231582&bts=42&tpc=%2B8IMCDHln2JtXyDi7Ir70Jqi1N0i6mKckm7ONOwEbYFeo65beY8pLj1gaR11qekEkciZjNyJ4X1f6B5nMJQ71271l5tFKSlvyX1J4CiGLVm5P15a3x%2FpOs3Ry0kbX2zOxArSkz%2BSD2FVjyoMRliSaH9MSx5mEvkIycX%2BILr988Wp%2BriHVj2wqoErDoG7Xu1f |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://echoofindia.com/port-blair-ggf-decorates-lall-mahatma-gandhi-seva-medal-8580 |title=Port Blair | GGF decorates Lall with Mahatma Gandhi Seva Medal |publisher=The Echo of India |date=2012-08-13 |access-date=2013-11-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020014345/http://echoofindia.com/port-blair-ggf-decorates-lall-mahatma-gandhi-seva-medal-8580 |archive-date=2013-10-20 }}</ref>

Nirankari [[Baba Hardev Singh]] Ji representing [[Sant Nirankari Mission]] received this medal on 26 November 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=GGF presents Mahatma Gandhi Seva Medal to Sant Nirankari Mission|url=http://u4uvoice.com/jammu-kashmir-news/ggf-presents-mahatma-gandhi-seva-medal-sant-nirankari-mission/|access-date=8 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=GGF presents Mahatma Gandhi Seva Medal to SNM |url=http://www.jknewspoint.com/newsdet.aspx?q=25997 |publisher=Jammu Kashmir Newspoint |access-date=8 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211192716/http://www.jknewspoint.com/newsdet.aspx?q=25997 |archive-date=11 December 2013 }}</ref> [[Pujya Gurudevshri Rakeshbhai]], founder of Shrimad Rajchandra Mission Dharampur and the NGO [[Shrimad Rajchandra Love and Care]] was the recipient in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gandhi Global Family awards the prestigious ''Gandhi Seva Medal'' to Pujya Gurudevshri|url=http://www.shrimadrajchandramission.org/webcast/wbcst_View.aspx?audioVideoFlag=V&satId=3930&ProdVariantId=16968&catId=367|website=Shrimad Rajchandra Mission Dharampur|access-date=9 November 2017}}</ref>

== Brand Ambassador ==

Brand Ambassador is the third highest award.

== Gandhi Doot Medal ==

The Gandhi Doot Medal is the fourth highest award. It is awarded to a student or a student organization that has demonstrably excelled in youth development and social services.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Excelsior |first1=Daily |url=http://www.dailyexcelsior.com/dr-arun-gupta-conferred-prestigious-shanti-doot-award/ |title=Daily Excelsior |publisher=Daily Excelsior |date=2013-05-25 |access-date=2013-11-08}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Indian awards]]

2024 Punjab Kings season

2025-10-07T17:02:53Z

Provastu6: Started a article more to come

{{Short description|2024 Indian Premier League cricket team}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox cricket club season
| club = {{IPL Teams 1|pbks }}
| season = [[2024 Indian Premier League|2024]]
| coach = [[Trevor Bayliss]]
| captain = {{ubl|
* [[Shikhar Dhawan]] (withdrawn){{Efn|name=Dhawan}}
* [[Sam Curran]] (stand-in){{Efn|name=Dhawan}}
* [[Jitesh Sharma]] (stand-in){{Efn|name=Sharma}}}}
| ground = {{ubl|
* [[Maharaja Yadavindra Singh International Cricket Stadium|Maharaja Yadavindra Singh Stadium]], [[Mullanpur Garibdass|Mullanpur]]
* [[HPCA Cricket Stadium]], [[Dharamshala]]}}
| comp1 = [[2024 Indian Premier League#League stage|IPL League]]
| comp1 result = Finished at 9th place
| most runs =
| most wickets = [[Harshal Patel]] (24)
| most catches = [[Jonny Bairstow]] (7)
| most dismissals = [[Jitesh Sharma]] (12)
| prevseason = [[2023 {{IPL Teams 1|pbks }} season|2023]]
| nextseason = [[2025 {{IPL Teams 1|pbks }} season|2025]]
}}
{{2024 Indian Premier League Teams}}

The [[2024 Indian Premier League|2024 season]] was the 17th season for the [[Indian Premier League]] franchise [[{{IPL Teams 1|pbks }}]]. They were one of the ten teams competed in the [[2024 Indian Premier League]]. They finished at the 8th place in [[2023 Indian Premier League|previous season]]'s League stage.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IPL Points Table {{!}} IPL Standings {{!}} IPL Ranking |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2023-1345038/points-table-standings |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

After their 8th loss on [[2024 Indian Premier League#match58|9 May 2024]], Punjab was eliminated from the [[2024 Indian Premier League]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=PBKS vs RCB Cricket Scorecard, 58th Match at Dharamsala, May 09, 2024 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2024-1410320/punjab-kings-vs-royal-challengers-bengaluru-58th-match-1426296/full-scorecard |access-date=2024-05-12 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sportstar |first=Team |date=2024-05-09 |title=PBKS vs RCB, IPL 2024: Punjab Kings knocked out of playoffs contention after loss to Royal Challengers Bengaluru |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ipl/ipl-news/pbks-vs-rcb-ipl-2024-punjab-kings-eliminated-playoff-race-qualification-scenario-cricket-news/article68158358.ece |access-date=2024-05-12 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en}}</ref> They finished the [[2024 Indian Premier League#League stage|League stage]] at the 9th place with 5 wins and 9 losses, garnering 10 points.<ref name=pts/>

[[Harshal Patel]] took the most wickets in the season (24)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Premier League, 2024 bowling most wickets career Records |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/tournament/bowling-most-wickets-career/indian-premier-league-2024-15940 |access-date=2024-05-04 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref> and was awarded with [[Indian rupee|₹]]10 [[lakh]] (US$13,000) cash prize along with the Purple Cap.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sportstar |first=Team |date=2024-05-26 |title=IPL 2024 Final, Presentation Ceremony Full List of Awards: Sunil Narine gets Most Valuable Player of the Season; Virat Kohli wins Orange Cap |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ipl/ipl-news/ipl-final-2024-full-list-of-award-winners-presentation-orange-purple-cap-mvp-sixes-fours-catch-emerging-player-fairplay/article68218334.ece |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=Sportstar |language=en}}</ref>

The Punjab Kings drew an average home attendance of 31,482 in the IPL in 2024.

== Squad ==
<section begin=squad/>
* Source: ''ESPNcricinfo''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Punjab Kings Squad – Indian Premier League, 2024 Squad |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2024-1410320/punjab-kings-squad-1413565/series-squads |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>
* Players with international caps are listed in '''bold'''.
* {{color box|border=darkgray|#FFCCCC|<nowiki>*</nowiki>}} denotes a player who was unavailable for rest of the season.

{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:85%"
! colspan="9" style="background:#{{IPL Team colors 1|pbks }}"|[[{{IPL Teams 1|pbks }}|{{IPL Teams 1|pbks }}]] squad for the [[2024 Indian Premier League|2024 Indian Premier League]]
|-
| colspan="9" |
|-
! No.
! Name
! Nat
! Birth date
! Batting style
! Bowling style
! Signed year
! Salary
! Notes
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Captain
|- style="background:#FFCCCC
|42 || '''[[Shikhar Dhawan]]''' ||{{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1985|12|05|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|8.25|c}} || Withdrawn{{Efn|name=Dhawan|[[Sam Curran]] was announced as the stand-in captain for the rest of the season, after [[Shikhar Dhawan]] withdrew due to Injury.<ref name="14-16">{{Cite web |date=2024-05-14 |title=RR vs PBKS: Blow for Punjab Kings! Kagiso Rabada, Shikhar Dhawan ruled out of the remainder of IPL 2024 |url=https://cricketaddictor.com/cricket-news/rr-vs-pbks-blow-for-punjab-kings-kagiso-rabada-shikhar-dhawan-ruled-out-of-the-remainder-of-ipl-2024/ |access-date=2024-05-16 |website=CricketAddictor |language=en-us}}</ref>}}
|- style="background:#FFCCCC
|58|| '''[[Sam Curran]]'''|| {{cricon|ENG}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1998|06|03|df=y}} || Left-handed || Left-arm [[medium-fast]]|| style="text-align:center;"| 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|18.5|c}}||Overseas; [[Vice Captain (cricket)|Vice Captain]];{{Efn|name=Dhawan}} Withdrawn{{Efn|name=Eng2|[[England cricket team|English cricketers]] (including [[Sam Curran]] and [[Jonny Bairstow]]) withdrew on 18 May 2024 due to the upcoming [[2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup|T20WC]].<ref name=E2>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-18 |title=Jitesh Sharma to lead Punjab Kings against Sunrisers Hyderabad as Sam Curran returns home |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/jitesh-sharma-to-lead-punjab-kings-against-sunrisers-hyderabad-as-sam-curran-returns-home-101716030694546.html |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>}}
|-
|99|| '''[[Jitesh Sharma]]''' || {{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1993|10|22|df=y}} || Right-handed || {{n/a}} || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} || Stand-in{{Efn|name=Sharma|[[Jitesh Sharma]] was announced as the stand-in captain for their last match of the season, after [[Sam Curran]] withdrew due to the upcoming [[2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup|T20WC]].<ref name=E2/>}}
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Batters
|-
|9|| '''[[Rilee Rossouw]]'''||{{cricon|RSA}}||{{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1989|10|9|df=y}} ||Left-handed || Right-arm [[Off spin]]|| style="text-align:center;"| 2024 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|8|c}} || Overseas
|-
|5|| [[Harpreet Singh Bhatia]] || {{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1991|08|11|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] ||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|40|L}} ||
|-
|3|| Shivam Singh ||{{cricon|IND}}||{{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1996|11|18|df=y}} ||Right-handed ||Right-arm [[Off spin]]|| style="text-align:center;"| 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|L}} ||
|-
|{{n/a}}|| Vishwanath Singh||{{cricon|IND}}||{{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1998|06|18|df=y}} ||Right-handed ||Right-arm [[Off spin]]|| style="text-align:center;"| 2024 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|L}} ||
|-
|77|| [[Ashutosh Sharma (cricketer)|Ashutosh Sharma]]||{{cricon|IND}}||{{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1998|09|15|df=y}} ||Right-handed ||Right-arm [[Medium-fast]]|| style="text-align:center;"| 2024 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|L}} ||
|-
|14|| [[Atharva Taide]] || {{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|2000|04|26|df=y}} || Left-handed || [[Slow left arm orthodox]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Wicket-keepers
|- style="background:#FFCCCC
|51||'''[[Jonny Bairstow]]'''|| {{cricon|ENG}} || {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1989|09|26|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off spin]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|6.75|c}} || Overseas; Withdrawn{{Efn|name=Eng2}}
|-
|84|| [[Prabhsimran Singh]] || {{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|2000|08|10|df=y}} || Right-handed || {{n/a}} || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|60|l}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| All-rounders
|- style="background:#FFCCCC
|24|| '''[[Sikandar Raza]]'''|| {{cricon|ZIM}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1986|04|24|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off spin]]|| style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|50|L}} ||Overseas; Withdrawn{{Efn|name=Raza|[[Sikander Raza]] withdrew due to National duty.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2024 |title=Punjab Kings all-rounder leaves India after sensational win over Kolkata Knight Riders |url=https://crictoday.com/cricket/daily-cricket-news/punjab-kings-all-rounder-leaves-india-after-sensational-win-over-kolkata-knight-riders/ |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Crictoday}}</ref>}}
|-
|{{n/a}}|| '''[[Chris Woakes]]''' || {{cricon|ENG}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1989|03|02|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast-medium]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2024 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|4.20|c}} ||Overseas
|-
|19|| '''[[Rishi Dhawan]]''' || {{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1990|02|19|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[medium-fast]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|55|l}} ||
|-
|27|| [[Shashank Singh]]||{{cricon|IND}}||{{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1991|11|21|df=y}} ||Right-handed ||Right-arm [[Medium-fast]]|| style="text-align:center;"| 2024 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|L}} ||
|- style="background:#FFCCCC
|23||'''[[Liam Livingstone]]'''|| {{cricon|ENG}} || {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1993|08|04|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Leg spin|leg break]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|11.5|c}} || Overseas; Withdrawn{{Efn|name=Eng|[[England cricket team|English cricketers]] (including [[Liam Livingstone]]) withdrew on 13 May 2024 due to the upcoming [[2024 ICC Men's T20 World Cup|T20WC]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Englishmen leave IPL for T20 World Cup duty |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2024-t20-world-cup-2024-jos-buttler-liam-livingstone-will-jacks-reece-topley-leave-india-1433690 |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>}}
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Pace bowlers
|-
|16|| '''[[Harshal Patel]]''' || {{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1990|11|23|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[medium-fast]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2024 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|11.75|c}} ||
|-
|72|| '''[[Nathan Ellis]]''' || {{cricon|AUS}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1994|09|22|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast medium]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|75|l}} || Overseas
|- style="background:#FFCCCC
|25|| '''[[Kagiso Rabada]]''' || {{cricon|RSA}} || {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1995|5|25|df=y}} ||Left-handed ||Right-arm fast || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|9.25|c}} || Overseas; Withdrawn{{Efn|name=Rabada|[[Kagiso Rabada]] withdrew due to Injury.<ref name="14-16"/>}}
|-
|2|| '''[[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]]''' || {{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1999|2|5|df=y}} || Left-handed || Left-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2019 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|4|c}} ||
|-
|28|| [[Vidwath Kaverappa]]|| {{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1999|2|25|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium-fast]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|L}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Spin bowlers
|-
|95|| [[Harpreet Brar]] || {{cricon|IND}} || {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1995|09|16|df=y}} || Left-handed || [[Slow left-arm orthodox]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|3.8|c}} ||
|-
|{{n/a}}|| [[Tanay Thyagarajan]]||{{cricon|IND}}||{{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1995|11|15|df=y}} ||Left-handed ||[[Slow left-arm orthodox]]|| style="text-align:center;"| 2024 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|L}} ||
|-
|1|| '''[[Rahul Chahar]]''' || {{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1999|08|04|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg break]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|5.25|c}} ||
|-
|{{n/a}}|| Prince Choudhary || {{cricon|IND}}|| {{Birth date and age2|2024|03|22|1999|09|29|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg break]]|| style="text-align:center;"| 2024 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|}<section end=squad/>

== Administration and support staff ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Position
!Name
|-
|CEO||
|-
|Team manager||
|-
|Head coach|| [[Trevor Bayliss]]
|-
|Batting coach|| [[Brad Haddin]]
|-
|Bowling coach|| Trevor Gonsalves
|-
|Fielding coach||
|-
| colspan="2" |{{center|Source: {{citation needed|date=May 2024}}}}
|}

== Sponsors ==
* '''Kit manufacturer''':
* '''Main shirt sponsor''': [[Dream11]]
* '''Back shirt sponsor''': [[Balkrishna Industries|BKT]]
* '''Chest branding''': [[Kent RO Systems|Kent RO]]

== League stage ==

=== Points table ===
{{2024 Indian Premier League Points table|team={{IPL Teams 2|pbks }}}}

=== League progression ===
{{#invoke: IndianPremierLeagueProgression
|create
| W2, L6, L11, W17, L23, L27, L33, L37, W42, W49, L53, L58, W65, L69


| E


|caption=League progression
|teams={{IPL Teams 1|pbks }}
|knockoutType=2
|matchesPerTeam=14
|matchReportArticle=2024 Indian Premier League}}

=== Fixtures and results ===
{{hatnote|All times are in [[Indian Standard Time]] ([[UTC+05:30]])}}

{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match2}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match6}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match11}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match17}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match23}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match27}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match33}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match37}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match42}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match49}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match53}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match58}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match65}}
----
{{#section:2024 Indian Premier League|match69}}

== Statistics ==
{{Hatnote|Top 5 tiers for each category are listed}}{{Update|part=section|date=May 2024}}

=== Most runs ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Runs
!Player
!{{Abbr|Inns|Innings}}
!{{Abbr|HS|Highest score}}
!{{Abbr|Ave|Average}}
!{{Abbr|SR|Strike rate}}
!{{Abbr|100s|Hundreds scored}}/{{Abbr|50s|Fiftys scored}}
!{{Abbr|4s|Fours hit}}
!{{Abbr|6s|Sixes hit}}
|-
!352
|{{cricon|IND}} [[Shashank Singh]]
|13
|68[[Not out|*]]
|'''50.29'''
|166.82
|0/2
|28
|21
|-
!298
|{{cricon|ENG}} [[Jonny Bairstow]]
|11
|108[[Not out|*]]
|'''29.80'''
|152.82
|1/0
|33
|14
|-
!270
|{{cricon|ENG}} [[Sam Curran]]
|12
|63[[Not out|*]]
|'''27.00'''
|123.28
|0/2
|24
|6
|-
!263
|{{cricon|IND}} [[Prabhsimran Singh]]
|12
|54
|'''20.23'''
|156.54
|0/1
|27
|16
|-
!187
|{{cricon|IND}} [[Ashutosh Sharma (cricketer)|Ashutosh Sharma]]
|7
|61
|'''31.17'''
|170.00
|0/1
|10
|15
|-
| colspan="9" |{{center|Last updated: 15 May 2024, Source: ''ESPNcricinfo''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Premier League, 2024 batting most runs career Records |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/tournament/batting-most-runs-career/indian-premier-league-2024-15940 |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>}}
|}

=== Most wickets ===
* {{Color box|#D6ADFF|border=darkgray}} '''Purple Cap holder'''

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!{{Abbr|Wkts.|Wickets}}
!Player
!{{Abbr|Inns|Innings}}
!{{Abbr|Ov|Overs}}
!{{Abbr|Runs|Runs Conceded}}
!{{Abbr|BBI|Best Bowling Innings}}
!{{Abbr|Ave|Bowling Average}}
!{{Abbr|Econ|Economy}}
!{{Abbr|SR|Bowling Strike rate}}
!{{Abbr|4W|Four wicket hauls}}
!{{Abbr|5W|Five wicket hauls}}
|- style="background:#D6ADFF"
!style="background:#D6ADFF"|{{nts|24}}
| {{cricon|IND}} [[Harshal Patel]]
|{{nts|14}}
| {{nts|49}}
| {{nts|477}}
| {{nts|3}}/{{nts|15}}
| '''{{nts|19.87}}'''
| {{nts|9.73}}
| {{nts|12.25}}
| {{nts|0}}
| {{nts|0}}
|-
!17
|{{cricon|IND}} [[Arshdeep Singh (cricketer)|Arshdeep Singh]]
|14
|46.2
|468
|29/4
|'''27.52'''
|10.10
|16.35
|1
|0
|-
!16
|{{cricon|ENG}} [[Sam Curran]]
|13
|41.0
|416
|28/3
|'''26.00'''
|10.14
|15.37
|0
|0
|-
!11
|{{cricon|RSA}} [[Kagiso Rabada]]
|11
|42.0
|372
|18/2
|'''33.81'''
|8.85
|22.90
|0
|0
|-
!10
|{{cricon|IND}} [[Rahul Chahar]]
|8
|27.0
|236
|23/3
|'''23.60'''
|8.74
|16.40
|0
|0
|-
| colspan="11" |{{center|Last updated: 15 May 2024, Source: ''ESPNcricinfo''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian Premier League, 2024 bowling most wickets career Records |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/tournament/bowling-most-wickets-career/indian-premier-league-2024-15940 |access-date=2024-05-04 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>}}
|}

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://www.punjabkingsipl.in/}}
* [https://www.iplt20.com/teams/punjab-kings {{IPL Teams 1|pbks }} on IPLT20 Website]

{{{{IPL Teams 1|pbks }} }}
{{2024 Indian Premier League}}



[[Category:2024 Indian Premier League|{{IPL Teams 1|pbks }}]]
[[Category:{{IPL Teams 1|pbks }} seasons]]

Mandakini

2025-07-03T02:46:18Z

Provastu6: Creating new info w/ refs.

{{Wikt|मंदाकिनी}}
'''Mandakini''' may refer to:

* [[Ganges in Hinduism]], as considered to form the Milky Way in the sky
* [[Mandakini River]], Uttarakhand, India
* [[Chandragiri River]], also known as Payaswini and Mandakini, a river in India
* [[Mandakini (1999 film)|''Mandakini'' (1999 film)]], a Sri Lankan film
* [[Mandakini (2024 film)|''Mandakini'' (2024 film)]], an Indian Malayalam film

==People==
* [[Mandakini (actress)]] (born 1963), Indian actress
* [[Mandakini Amte]], Indian doctor and social worker
* [[Mandakini Behera]] (born 1947), Indian politician in Odisha
* [[Mandakini Gogate]] (1936–2010), Indian Marathi writer
* [[Mandakini Narayanan]] (died 2006), Indian Naxalite leader in Kerala
* [[Mandakini Trivedi]], Indian dancer

{{disambiguation|geo|given name}}

Rajkumar Chahar

2025-06-11T10:30:55Z

Provastu6:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Rajkumar chahar
| image =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1967|7|10}}
| birth_place = Kheragarh , [[Agra]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| termstart = 23 May 2019
| constituency2 = [[Fatehpur Sikri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Fatehpur Sikri]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| predecessor = [[Choudhary Babulal]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| spouse = Vijay Laxmi
| children = Paramveer Chahar, Karamveer Chahar, Shoorveer Chahar, Arti Chahar,
| nationality = [[India]]n
| website =
| footnotes =
| date = |
| year = |
| source = https://sansad.in/ls/members/biographyM/5142?from=members
}}
'''Rajkumar Chahar''' ({{IPA|hi|ɾaːd͡ʒ.kʊmaːɾ t͡ʃaːɦəɾ}}) is an Indian politician. He was elected to the [[Lok Sabha]], lower house of the [[Parliament of India]] from [[Fatehpur Sikri (Lok Sabha constituency)|Fatehpur Sikri]], [[Uttar Pradesh]] in the [[2019 Indian general election]] as member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.timesnownews.com/elections/article/fatehpur-sikri-uttar-pradesh-election-2019-fatehpur-sikri-election-results-political-parties-congress-bjp-bahujan-samaj-party-raj-babbar-shreebhagwan/419286| title=Fatehpur Sikri Election Result 2019: BJP's Raj Kumar Chahar beats Congress' Raj Babbar by almost 4.95 lakh vote| publisher=Times Now | date=23 May 2019 | accessdate=24 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha-2019/story/fatepur-sikri-lok-sabha-election-results-2019-bjp-rajkumar-chahar-defeats-raj-babbar-by-over-4-9-lakh-votes-1533273-2019-05-24 | title=Fatepur Sikri Lok Sabha election results 2019: BJP's Rajkumar Chahar defeats Raj Babbar by over 4.9 lakh votes | publisher=India Today | date=24 May 2019 | accessdate=1 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=3 August 2019|title=प्रधानमंत्री मोदी से मिले सांसद, ताजनगरी के लिए अंतरराष्ट्रीय स्टेडियम का प्रस्ताव|url=https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/agra/bjp-mp-rajkumar-chahar-meets-pm-narendra-modi-for-development|accessdate=2 February 2020|publisher=Amar Ujala}}</ref> Chahar is from [[Jat]] community.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2024/May/01/elections-phase-iii-bjp-congress-in-fierce-battle-for-fatehpur-sikri-ls-seat|title=Elections phase III: BJP, Congress in fierce battle for Fatehpur Sikri LS seat|website=new Indian express|date=May 2024 |accessdate=7 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/bjps-rajkumar-chahar-cries-foul-as-sp-declares-identically-named-candidate-for-up-polls-315148-2016-03-28|title=Battle for Fatehpur Sikri: Rajkumar Chahar vs Rajkumar Chahar |website=India Today|date=28 March 2016 |accessdate=7 June 2024}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://loksabha.nic.in/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=5142&lastls=17 Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website]
{{18th Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh|state=expanded}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chahar, Rajkumar}}
[[Category:India MPs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Agra district]]
[[Category:1967 births]]
[[Category:India MPs 2024–2029]]

Malki Assembly constituency

2025-02-27T09:09:35Z

Provastu6: Creating some stub v1.

{{Short description|Constituency of the Meghalaya legislative assembly in India}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Malki
| type= SLA
| state = Meghalaya
| established = 1972
| abolished = 1977<ref>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref>
| electors = 6,211
| mla = Upstar Kharbuli
| party = {{Party index link|Independent politician}}
| constituency_no =
| latest_election_year = [[1972 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
| district =
| loksabha_cons =
| reservation =
}}
Malki Assembly constituency was an assembly constituency in the [[India]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Meghalaya]].
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
| [[1972 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || Upstar Kharbuli || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|}
== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1972 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Malki<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MG_72.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324143519/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MG_72.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2018|access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Upstar Kharbuli |party=Independent politician |votes=2,346 |percentage=58.04% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Binoy Lahiri |party=Communist Party of India |votes=715 |percentage=17.69% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Kiran Pal Choudhury |party=Independent politician |votes=513 |percentage=12.69% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=George Hamilton |party=Independent politician |votes=238 |percentage=5.89% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Deva Kamal Bhuyan |party=Independent politician |votes=230 |percentage=5.69% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,631 |percentage=40.35% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=4,042 |percentage=66.77% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 6,211 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Independent politician |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Meghalaya}}

{{coord missing|Meghalaya}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Meghalaya]]
{{Meghalaya-geo-stub}}

The Education of Yuri

2025-01-04T00:47:32Z

Provastu6: New some page needs work

{{Short description|2022 book by Jerry Pinto}}

{{use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox book
| image = The Education of Yuri.jpg
| author = [[Jerry Pinto]]
| isbn = 9789354472688
| pub_date = September 2022
| publisher = [[Speaking Tiger Books]]
}}

'''The Education of Yuri''' is a book by [[Jerry Pinto]]. It was published in 2022 by [[Speaking Tiger Books]].

== Plot ==
{{More plot|date=January 2023}}
The book is about an orphan child Yuri Fonseca.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-13 |title=Truth, the Bambaiyya way |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/sunday-herald/sunday-herald-books/truth-the-bambaiyya-way-1161080.html |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=[[Deccan Herald]] |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113140129/https://www.deccanherald.com/sunday-herald/sunday-herald-books/truth-the-bambaiyya-way-1161080.html |archive-date=2022-11-13 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Critical reception and review ==
Keshava Guha of [[Scroll.in]] wrote "With the crucial caveat of the prose, the novel ''The Education of Yuri'' most reminded me of was written by the patron saint of literary realism: Gustave Flaubert."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Guha |first=Keshava |title='The Education of Yuri': Moving and uneven, Jerry Pinto's bildungsroman is lifelike and believable |language=en-US |work=Scroll.in |url=https://scroll.in/article/1037846/the-education-of-yuri-moving-and-uneven-jerry-pintos-bildungsroman-is-lifelike-and-believable |access-date=2023-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221218070442/https://scroll.in/article/1037846/the-education-of-yuri-moving-and-uneven-jerry-pintos-bildungsroman-is-lifelike-and-believable |archive-date=2022-12-18 |url-status=live}}</ref> Uday Bhatia of [[Live Mint]] wrote "Like ''Em And The Big Hoom'', ''The Education of Yuri'' ends with a drink, a remark, and a single unadorned sentence. A film adaptation might have ended with a scene from a few pages earlier, with Yuri buried in a group hug."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-21 |title=The Education of Yuri: Jerry Pinto's sparkling bildungsroman |url=https://lifestyle.livemint.com/how-to-lounge/books/unsentimental-education-pinto-s-sparkling-bildungsroman-111666357366435.html |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=Live Mint |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022042632/https://lifestyle.livemint.com/how-to-lounge/books/unsentimental-education-pinto-s-sparkling-bildungsroman-111666357366435.html |archive-date=2022-10-22 |url-status=live}}</ref> and GJV Prasad of [[The Tribune India]] wrote "this new novel by Jerry Pinto will be celebrated as a Bombay novel, an old Mumbai marvel. It is clearly rooted in Bombay's topography, in its social geography, in its cultural history. But it is also a novel that speaks to all of us, whoever we are, wherever we are. I don't know if we lose anything by not knowing Bombay or Mumbai but I know that the novel works, in any case, like any good literary work so clearly placed in its time."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Jerry Pinto's The Education of Yuri is portrait of a writer in Bombay |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/reviews/story/jerry-pintos-the-education-of-yuri-is-portrait-of-a-writer-in-bombay-432897 |access-date=2023-01-16 |newspaper=Tribuneindia News Service |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930154606/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/reviews/story/jerry-pintos-the-education-of-yuri-is-portrait-of-a-writer-in-bombay-432897 |archive-date=2022-09-30 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The book has been reviewed by [[Janice Pariat]] of [[The Hindu]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pariat |first=Janice |date=2022-10-05 |title='The Education of Yuri' review by Janice Pariat |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-reviews/the-education-of-yuri-by-jerry-pinto-reviewed-by-janice-pariat/article65965940.ece |access-date=2023-01-16 |issn=0971-751X |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202004001/https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-reviews/the-education-of-yuri-by-jerry-pinto-reviewed-by-janice-pariat/article65965940.ece |archive-date=2022-12-02 |url-status=live}}</ref> Abhijeet Tamhane of [[Loksatta]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=आत्मशोधाचा अनुनाद.. |url=https://www.loksatta.com/sampadkiya/features/bookmark-jerry-pinto-new-novel-the-education-of-yuri-ysh-95-3273089/ |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=Loksatta |language=mr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124221650/https://www.loksatta.com/sampadkiya/features/bookmark-jerry-pinto-new-novel-the-education-of-yuri-ysh-95-3273089/ |archive-date=2022-11-24 |url-status=live}}</ref> Shashi Warrier of [[The Asian Age]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Warrier |first=Shashi |date=2022-11-20 |title=Book Review {{!}} Quasi-autobiographical & sanitised trip back to 1980s' Mumbai |url=https://www.asianage.com/books/191122/book-review-quasi-autobiographical-sanitised-trip-back-to-1980s-mumbai.html |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=[[The Asian Age]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116063034/https://www.asianage.com/books/191122/book-review-quasi-autobiographical-sanitised-trip-back-to-1980s-mumbai.html |archive-date=2023-01-16 |url-status=live}}</ref> Suhit Bombaywala of [[Hindustan Times]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-18 |title=Review: The Education of Yuri byJerry Pinto |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/reviewthe-education-of-yuri-byjerry-pinto-101668788024736.html |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103151536/https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/reviewthe-education-of-yuri-byjerry-pinto-101668788024736.html |archive-date=2023-01-03 |url-status=live}}</ref> Anish Gawande of [[The Indian Express]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-19 |title=With The Education of Yuri, Jerry Pinto has proved, yet again, that he is one of the finest chroniclers of a Bombay gone by |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/books-and-literature/with-the-education-of-yuri-jerry-pinto-has-proved-yet-again-that-he-is-one-of-the-finest-chroniclers-of-a-bombay-gone-by-8274811/ |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221119120349/https://indianexpress.com/article/books-and-literature/with-the-education-of-yuri-jerry-pinto-has-proved-yet-again-that-he-is-one-of-the-finest-chroniclers-of-a-bombay-gone-by-8274811/ |archive-date=2022-11-19 |url-status=live}}</ref> and Aditya Mani Jha of [[India Today]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Education of Yuri {{!}} Growing up with Bombay |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/leisure/story/20220919-the-education-of-yuri-growing-up-with-bombay-1998365-2022-09-09 |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220914042708/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/leisure/story/20220919-the-education-of-yuri-growing-up-with-bombay-1998365-2022-09-09 |archive-date=2022-09-14 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

{{DEFAULTSORT:Education Of Yuri}}
[[Category:Speaking Tiger books]]
[[Category:2022 Indian novels]]

Commemorations of Mother Theresa

2024-12-06T15:42:51Z

Provastu6: Created redirect page

#REDIRECT [[Commemorations of Mother Teresa]] {{R from misspelling}}

Nishagandhi Puraskaram

2024-12-06T01:13:12Z

Provastu6: Made new article - done

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}

{{Infobox award
| name = Nishagandhi Puraskaram
| subheader = നിശാഗന്ധി പുരസ്കാരം 

| image_size = 
| alt =
| caption = Official logo of the [[Government of Kerala]]
| awarded_for = Excellence in [[dance]] and [[music]]
| sponsor =
| date =
| location = [[Trivandrum]], [[Kerala]] 
| country = {{IND}}
| presenter = [[Department of Tourism (Kerala)|Kerala Tourism Department]]
| host = 
| former name =
| preshow_host =
| acts =
| reward = {{INRConvert|150|k}}, Citation & statuette<ref name="indtdy"/>
| year = 2013
| year2 = 2018
| holder_label =
| winners = *[[Mrinalini Sarabhai]] (2013)<ref name="mb"/>
* [[Dhananjayans|V. P. Dhananjayan & Shantha Dhananjayan]] (2018)<ref name=toi2018/> 
| most_awards = 
| most_nominations =
| award1_type =
| award1_winner =
| award2_type =
| award2_winner =
| award3_type =
| award3_winner =
| award4_type =
| award4_winner =
| award5_type =
| award5_winner =
| website = {{URL
|www.keralatourism.org}}
| network = 
| runtime =
| viewership = 
| producer =
| director =
| image2 =
| image2size = 
| alt2 =
| caption2 =
| previous =
| main =
| next =
}}

'''Nishagandhi Puraskaram''' or '''Nishagandhi award''' ([[Malayalam]] : നിശാഗന്ധി പുരസ്കാരം) is an annual [[award]] instituted by the [[Department of Tourism (Kerala)|Tourism Department of Kerala]] in [[India]] to honour personalities in the fields of [[music]] and [[dance]] .<ref name="ker">{{cite web |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/news/nishagandhi-puraskaram/1644 |title=Nishagandhi Puraskaram awarded |publisher=[[Department of Tourism (Kerala)|Kerala Tourism Department]] |accessdate=2016-01-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513015708/https://www.keralatourism.org/news/nishagandhi-puraskaram/1644 |archivedate=2016-05-13 }}</ref><ref name="hd2013">{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/nishagandhi-puraskaram-for-mrinalini-sarabhai/article4347032.ece |title=Nishagandhi Puraskaram for Mrinalini Sarabhai |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=2013-01-26 |accessdate=2016-01-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513020310/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/nishagandhi-puraskaram-for-mrinalini-sarabhai/article4347032.ece |archivedate=2016-05-13 }}</ref> The award carries a cash prize of 1,50,000 [[Indian Rupees]], a citation, and a statuette.<ref name="indtdy">{{cite web |url=http://indiatoday.in/story/music-maestro-ilayaraja-gets-nishagandhi-puraskaram/1/560068.html |title=Music Maestro Ilayaraja gets Nishagandhi Puraskaram |newspaper=[[India Today]] |date=2016-01-01 |accessdate=2016-01-30}}</ref> It is presented annually on behalf of the ''Nishagandhi Dance and Music Festival'', a cultural programme organized by the Tourism Department of Kerala every year.<ref name="exp">{{cite web |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/Nishagandhi-Puraskaram-for-Padma-Subrahmanyam/2015/01/19/article2625480.ece |title=Nishagandhi Puraskaram for Padma Subrahmanyam |newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]] |date=2015-01-19 |accessdate=2016-01-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513021520/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/Nishagandhi-Puraskaram-for-Padma-Subrahmanyam/2015/01/19/article2625480.ece |archivedate=2016-05-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://kaumudiglobal.com/innerpage1.php?newsid=73184 |title=Music Maestro Ilayaraja gets Nishagandhi Puraskaram |newspaper=[[Kerala Kaumudi]] |date=2016-01-01 |accessdate=2016-01-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513022108/http://kaumudiglobal.com/innerpage1.php?newsid=73184 |archivedate=2016-05-13}}</ref>

The seven-day long Nishagandhi festival is held in January at the Nishagandhi amphitheater near the [[Kanakakkunnu Palace]] in [[Trivandrum]], the capital city of [[Kerala]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/current-affairs/200116/anoushka-concert-to-open-nishagandhi-fest.html |title=Anoushka concert to open Nishagandhi fest |newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |date=2016-01-20 |access-date=2016-01-31 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513022708/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/current-affairs/200116/anoushka-concert-to-open-nishagandhi-fest.html |archive-date=2016-05-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/news/nishagandhi-festival/1697 |title=Nishagandhi Festival 2014 |publisher=[[Department of Tourism (Kerala)|Kerala Tourism Department]] |accessdate=2016-01-31 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513104019/https://www.keralatourism.org/news/nishagandhi-festival/1697 |archivedate=2016-05-13}}</ref> The award was established in 2013 to popularise the Festival in the national and international level.<ref name="hd2013"/>

== History ==
Nishagandhi Puraskaram was first awarded to the classical dancer [[Mrinalini Sarabhai]] in 2013.<ref name="mb">{{cite web |url=http://english.mathrubhumi.com/travel/travel-news/-nishagandhi-puraskaram-awarded-1.34138 |title=Nishagandhi Puraskaram awarded |publisher=[[Mathrubhoomi]] |date=2013-03-02 |accessdate=2016-01-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513014823/http://english.mathrubhumi.com/travel/travel-news/-nishagandhi-puraskaram-awarded-1.34138 |archivedate=2016-05-13}}</ref> [[Hindustani Classical Music|Hindustani musician]] [[Lalith J. Rao]] won the award in the next year.<ref name="hd2014">{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/nishagandhi-award-for-musician/article5592535.ece |title=Nishagandhi Puraskaram for Musician |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=2014-01-19 |accessdate=2016-01-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513104237/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/nishagandhi-award-for-musician/article5592535.ece |archivedate=2016-05-13 }}</ref> [[Padma Subrahmanyam|Dr Padma Subrahmanyam]], an exponent in [[Bharata Natyam]], won the award in 2015.<ref name="ker6">{{cite web |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/news/nishagandhi-puraskaram-2014/1763 |title=Nishagandhi Puraskaram 2014 |publisher=[[Department of Tourism (Kerala)|Kerala Tourism Department]] |accessdate=2016-01-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513105318/https://www.keralatourism.org/news/nishagandhi-puraskaram-2014/1763 |archivedate=2016-05-13 }}</ref> Musician [[Ilayaraja]] won the award in 2016 for his contribution to the [[Cinema of India|Indian film]] [[Indian Music Industry|music industry]].<ref name="mm">{{cite web |url=http://english.manoramaonline.com/entertainment/music/ilayaraja-presented-with-nishagandhi-award-by-kerala-govt.html |title=Kerala govt to provide five acres of land for Ilayaraja |newspaper=[[Malayala Manorama]] |date=2016-01-21 |accessdate=2016-01-30}}</ref>

The Governor of Kerala [[P. Sathasivam]] presented the Nishagandhi Puraskaram to [[Bharati Shivaji]], an exponent in [[Mohiniyattom]], in 2017.<ref name="ind2017"/> Vannadil Pudiyaveettil Dhananjayan and Shanta Dhananjayan are popularly known as [[Dhananjayans]] got Nishagandhi Puraskaram in 2018.<ref name=toi2018/>

== Laureates ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width="4%"|Presented Year
!width="7.5%"|Image
!width="20%"|Winner
!width="40%" class="unsortable"|Contributions
!width="5%" class="unsortable"|Notes
|-
| 2013
|| [[File:Jawaharlal Nehru and Mrinalini Sarabhai.jpg|75px]]
|| [[Mrinalini Sarabhai]]
|| "for her excellence in Classical dance."
|| <ref name="hd2013"/>
|-
| 2014
|| [[File:Lalit.J.Rao.jpg|75px]]
|| [[Lalith J. Rao]]
|| "for the contributions in [[Hindustani Classical Music]]"
|| <ref name="hd2014"/>
|-
|2015
|| [[File:Padmasubramanyam.jpg|75px]]
|| [[Padma Subrahmanyam]]
|| "for her eminent contributions in [[Bharata Natyam]]"
|| <ref name="ker6"/>
|-
| 2016
|| [[File:Ilaiyaraaja BHung.jpg|75px]]
|| [[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|| "for his artistic excellence and contribution to the [[Cinema of India|Indian film]] [[Indian Music Industry|music industry]]"
|| <ref name="hd2016">{{cite web |url=http://thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/nishagandhi-award-for-ilaiyaraja/article8051097.ece |title=Kerala Tourism's Nishagandhi Award for Ilayaraja |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=2016-01-01 |accessdate=2016-01-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513015501/http://m.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/nishagandhi-award-for-ilaiyaraja/article8051097.ece |archivedate=2016-05-13 }}</ref>
|-
| 2017
|| [[File:No image.svg|75px]]
|| [[Bharati Shivaji]]
|| "for her contributions in [[Mohiniyattom]]"
|| <ref name="ind2017">{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/nishagandhi-award-for-bharati-shivaji/articleshow/56653216.cms |title=Nishagandhi Award for Bharati Shivaji |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=2017-01-20 |access-date=2017-01-21 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180407053503/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/nishagandhi-award-for-bharati-shivaji/articleshow/56653216.cms |archive-date=2018-04-07 }}</ref>
|-
| 2018
|| [[File:TheDhananjayans.jpg |75px]]
|| [[Dhananjayans|V. P. Dhananjayan & Shantha Dhananjayan]]
|| "for their contributions in [[Bharata Natyam]]"
|| <ref name=toi2018>{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/dhananjayans-bag-kerala-tourisms-nishagandhi-award-2018/articleshow/62535428.cms |title=Kerala: Dhananjayans bag Kerala Tourism's Nishagandhi Award 2018 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=2018-01-17 |access-date= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617145711/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/dhananjayans-bag-kerala-tourisms-nishagandhi-award-2018/articleshow/62535428.cms |archive-date=2018-06-17}}</ref>
|-
| 2019
|| [[File:Kalamandalam_Keshemavathi_Wiki_DSC_1803.JPG |75px]]
|| [[Kalamandalam Kshemavathy]]
|| "for her contributions in [[Mohiniyattam]]"
|| <ref name=toi2019>{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/nishagandhi-award-for-kshemavathy/articleshow/67426488.cms |title=Kerala: Nishagandhi award for Kshemavathy |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=2019-01-07 |access-date= }}</ref>
|-
|2020
||
|| [[C. V. Chandrasekhar]]
|| "for his contributions in [[Bharatanatyam]]"
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.keralatourism.gov.in Kerala Tourism Department]

{{Kerala topics}}

[[Category:Kerala awards]]
[[Category:Awards established in 2013]]
[[Category:Arts of Kerala]]
[[Category:Indian visual arts awards]]
[[Category:2013 establishments in Kerala]]

Alisagar lift irrigation scheme

2024-02-29T06:33:45Z

Provastu6: adjust formatting based on references and corrected details for clarity

{{Short description|Park and irrigation project in Telangana, India}}
{{primary sources|date=December 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
'''Alisagar''' is a park, tourist attraction and an irrigation project which is 13 km (6.2 mi) from [[Nizamabad, Telangana|Nizamabad]] and 2 km (1.2 mi) off the Nizamabad-Bodhan road. The park was opened by the Nizam of Hyderabad in 1928. The park contains forested areas, a summer house, well laid out gardens, a reservoir and island, and a hilltop guest house all of which make it a favored getaway location. Additional attractions include a deer park, and facilities for trekking and water sports.

== History ==
[[File:Alisagar Guest House.jpg|thumb|Guest House at hilltop]]
In the year 1931, the Alisagar reservoir or lake was built by the order of the 7th [[Nizam of Hyderabad|Nizam]] of [[Hyderabad State|Hyderabad]]. Later in the year 1985, the deer park was established with an aim to offer a safe haven to several species of deer. A natural habitat was created for the deer. Dense vegetation can be witnessed in this region.

== The project ==
[[File:Alisagar Dam.jpg|thumb|Irrigation dam]]
Alisagar lift irrigation project is a lift irrigation project located in [[Nizamabad district]] in [[Telangana]], [[India]]. The lift canal originates from the back waters of [[Sriram Sagar Project|Pochampadu Dam]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Ali_Sagar_Lift_Irrigation_Project_JI00001|title= Ali Sagar Lift Irrigation Project JI00001|accessdate=17 May 2016}}</ref>

Alisagar Lift irrigation scheme is intended to stabilize the gap ayacut of 53,793 acres from distributor 50 to 73 of [[Nizamsagar]] Project. The foreshore water of Sriram Sagar Project at Kosli (Village) will be lifted in three stages to feed the Alisagar balancing Reservoir at Mile 54 to Mile 56 on Main Canal of Nizamsagar Project.

In the first stage, 720 cusecs of water from Godavari River is proposed to be lifted from Kosli (V) Navipet (Mandal) Nizamabad Dist. and proposed to be dropped into cistern at Bharath Tanda. From there, the water is proposed to be dropped into Thadbiloli Tank by Gravity Canal.

In the second stage, water is proposed to be lifted from the foreshore of Thadbiloli Tank and proposed to be dropped into a cistern at Kalyanpur Gutta. It is proposed to carry water by gravity canal called Link Canal into Distributary No: 50 to irrigate 9,302 acres and another at higher level to irrigate 10,052 acres and balance water is proposed to be dropped into Pocharam Tank by gravity canal.

In the third stage, water is proposed to be lifted from Pocharam Tank and dropped in a cistern near Alisagar Gutta.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20040404153425/http://www.hindu.com/2004/01/27/stories/2004012707920300.htm Guthpa scheme by August]. The Hindu (2004-01-27). Retrieved on 2017-11-19.</ref>

[[File:Alisagar lake panorama.jpg|thumb|800px|center|alt=Alisagar lake|Panoramic view of Alisagar lake. The island can be seen too.]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Coord|18|56|24|N|78|06|06|E|type:landmark_region:IN-AP|display=title}}

[[Category:Nizamabad, Telangana]]
[[Category:Irrigation in Telangana]]
[[Category:Nizamabad district]]
[[Category:Lift irrigation schemes]]

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Yamaraj

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My Friend Ganesha 3

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University of Bihar

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