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Ranaghat Uttar Purba Assembly constituency

2026-05-07T17:37:14Z

PrakashBar:

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Ranaghat Uttar Purba
| type = SLA
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Vidhan Sabha constituencies/West Bengal/Ranaghat Uttar Purba.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Ranaghat Uttar Purba Assembly Constituency
| map_alt =
| mla = [[Ashim Biswas (politician)|Ashim Biswas]]
| party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}
| latest_election_year = [[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| district = [[Nadia district|Nadia]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Ranaghat Lok Sabha constituency|Ranaghat]]
| constituency_no = 89
| established = 2011
| electors = 238,113
| reservation = SC
| abolished =
}}

'''Ranaghat Uttar Purba Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Nadia district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It is reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|scheduled castes]].

==Overview==
As per orders of the [[Delimitation Commission of India|Delimitation Commission]], No. 89 Ranaghat Uttar Purba Assembly constituency (SC) is composed of the following: Aranghata, Bahirgachhi, Duttapulia, Jugalkishore, Kamalpur and Raghunathpur Hijuli II [[gram panchayat]]s of [[Ranaghat II (Community development block)|Ranaghat II]] [[Community Development Block in India|community development block]], and Bagula I, Bagula II, Mamjoan, Ramnagar Bara Chupria I and Ramnagar Bara Chupria II gram panchayats of [[Hanskhali (Community development block)|Hanskhali]] community development block.<ref name=delimitation>{{cite web|url=http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |title=Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 |access-date=2010-08-21 |publisher=Government of West Bengal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918130255/http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |archive-date=2010-09-18 }}</ref>

Ranaghat Uttar Purba Assembly constituency (SC) is part of No. 13 [[Ranaghat (Lok Sabha constituency)]] (SC).<ref name=delimitation/> Ranaghat East and West were earlier part of [[Nabadwip (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/LS_2004/Vol_III_LS_2004.pdf | title = Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha | access-date = 1 October 2010 | work = Volume III Details For Assembly Segments Of Parliamentary Constituencies | publisher = Election Commission of India }}</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
===Ranaghat===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[1951 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1951]]
|Bijoy Krishna Sarkar
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[1951 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1951]]
|Keshab Chandra Mitra
|-
|[[1957 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
|Benoy Kumar Chatterjee
|-
|[[1962 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
|Gour Chandra Kundu
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}
|}

===Ranaghat East===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[1967 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|rowspan="2"|Nitai Pada Sarkar
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[1969 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1969]]
|-
|[[1971 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1971]]
|Naresh Chandra Biswas
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|-
|[[1972 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|Nitaipada Sarkar
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India}}
|-
|[[1977 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|rowspan="2"|Satish Chandra Biswas
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=7}}
|-
|[[1982 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1982]]
|-
|[[1987 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1987]]
|rowspan="3"|Binay Krishna Biswas
|-
|[[1991 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1991]]
|-
|[[1996 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1996]]
|-
|[[2001 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
|Asim Bala
|-
|[[2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
|Debendra Nath Biswas
|}

===Ranaghat West===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[1967 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|Benoy Kumar Chatterjee
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1969 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1969]]
|rowspan="2"|Gour Chandra Kundu
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[1971 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1971]]
|-
|[[1972 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|Naresh Chandra Chaki
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1977 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|rowspan="3"|Gour Chandra Kundu
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=4}}
|-
|[[1982 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1982]]
|-
|[[1987 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1987]]
|-
|[[1991 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1991]]
|Subhaas Basu
|-
|[[1996 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1996]]
|rowspan="2"|Shankar Singha
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2001 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
|-
|[[2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
|Aloke Kumar Das
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|}

===Ranaghat Uttar Purba===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Samir Kumar Poddar]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|-
|[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Ashim Biswas (politician)|Ashim Biswas]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
|-
|}

==Election results==
===2026===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Ranaghat Uttar Purba}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Ashim Biswas (politician)|Ashim Biswas]]|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes={{formatnum:}}1,26,235|percentage=59.71|change={{increase}}5.32}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Barnali Dey Roy|party=Trinamool Congress|votes={{formatnum:}}74,492|percentage=35.24|change={{decrease}}4.35}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Mrinal Biswas(Mini)|party=Left Front (West Bengal)|votes={{formatnum:}}4,713|percentage=2.23|change={{new}}}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Barnali Biswas|party=Independent|votes={{formatnum:}}1,167|percentage=0.55|change={{new}}}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Bindu Biswas|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes={{formatnum:}}976|percentage=0.46|change={{decrease}}0.53}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Nitya Gopal Mondal|party=Indian National Congress|votes={{formatnum:}}962|percentage=0.46|change={{new}}}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Madhav Das |party=Independent|votes={{formatnum:}} 324 |percentage=0.15|change={{new}}}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Gobinda Podder|party=Independent|votes={{formatnum:}}247|percentage=0.12|change={{new}}}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Asim Biswas |party=Independent|votes={{formatnum:}}192|percentage=0.09|change={{new}} }}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Asim Biswas |party=Independent|votes={{formatnum:}}159|percentage=0.08 |change={{new}}}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Jagadish Mandal (Jogo) |party=SUCI(C)|votes={{formatnum:}}150|percentage=0.07|change={{new}}}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]|party=None of the above (India)|votes={{formatnum:}}1,779|percentage=0.84 |change={{decrease}}0.26}}
{{Election box majority||votes={{formatnum:}}51,743|percentage=24.47 |change={{increase}}9.67}}
{{Election box turnout||votes={{formatnum:}}2,11,396|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2021===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Ranaghat Uttar Purba}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Ashim Biswas (politician)|Ashim Biswas]]
|votes = 116,786
|percentage = 54.39
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Samir Kumar Poddar]]
|votes = 85,004
|percentage = 39.59
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian Secular Front
|candidate = Dinesh Chandra Biswas
|votes = 5,204
|percentage = 2.42
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above (India)
|candidate = [[None of the above]]
|votes = 2,359
|percentage = 1.10
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Sanjit Kumar Mandal
|votes = 2,117
|percentage = 0.99
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Apurba Lal Roy
|votes = 1,228
|percentage = 0.57
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Kamal Sarkar
|votes = 1,065
|percentage = 0.50
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Mukti Party
|candidate = Samir Kumar Biswas
|votes = 488
|percentage = 0.23
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Purvanchal Mahapanchayet
|candidate = Swadhin Biswas
|votes = 485
|percentage = 0.23
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 214,736
|percentage = 81.05
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2016===
In the 2016 election, Samir Poddar of Trinamool Congress defeated his nearest rival, Babusona Sarkar of CPI(M).
{{Election box begin | title=[[2016 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2016]]: Ranaghat Uttar Purba (SC) constituency}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Samir Kumar Poddar]]
|votes = 93,215
|percentage = 48.13
|change = -6.90
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Babusona Sarkar
|votes = 78,243
|percentage = 40.40
|change = +3.66
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Nikhil Ranjan Sarkar
|votes = 15,467
|percentage = 7.99
|change = +4.33
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Pradip Kumar Sarkar
|votes = 2,301
|percentage = 1.19
|change = -1.49
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 1,642
|percentage = 0.85
|change = +0.85
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 1,93,678
|percentage = 81.10
|change = -3.84
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2011===
In the 2011 election, Samir Poddar of Trinamool Congress defeated his nearest rival Archana Biswas of CPI(M).
{{Election box begin | title=[[2011 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2011]]: Ranaghat Uttar Purba (SC) constituency<ref name=vidhansabha2011>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2011/stat_WB_May2011.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 2011, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=89| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120327191113/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=89| url-status = usurped| archive-date = 27 March 2012|title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work =Ranaghat Uttar Purba| publisher =Empowering India |access-date = 20 April 2011}}</ref>}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Samir Kumar Poddar]]
|votes = 93,836
|percentage = 55.03
|change = +11.72
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Archana Biswas
|votes = 62,644
|percentage = 36.74
|change = -11.12
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Basudev Majumdar
|votes = 6,243
|percentage = 3.66
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Nanigopal Roy
|votes = 4,578
|percentage = 2.68
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Subhas Chandra Sarkar
|votes = 1,967
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Nirjatita Samaj Biplabi Party
|candidate = Anuva Sikder (Mallick)
|votes = 1,237
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 170,505
|percentage = 84.94
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing = +22.84
}}
{{Election box end}}

.# Swing calculated on Congress+Trinamool Congress vote percentages taken together, as well as the CPI(M) vote percentage, in 2006 for the now defunct [[Hanskhali Assembly constituency|Hanskhali]] seat.
===1977-2006===
Till 2006, Ranaghat had two Vidhan Sabha constituencies Ranaghat East and Ranaghat West. Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners are being mentioned.

====Ranaghat East====
In the [[2006 West Bengal state assembly election|2006 state assembly elections]],<ref name=vidhansabha2006>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_WB_2006.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 2006, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> Debendra Nath Biswas of [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] won the Ranaghat East (SC) assembly constituency defeating his nearest rival Nilima Nag (Mallick) of [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]]. Asim Bala of CPI(M) defeated Dr. [[Ramendra Nath Biswas]] of Trinamool Congress in 2001.<ref name=vidhansabha2001>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/StatRept_WB_2001.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 2001, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> Binay Krishna Biswas of CPI(M) defeated Akhil Kumar Majumdar of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 1996<ref name=vidhansabha1996>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-WB96.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1996, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> and 1991,<ref name=vidhansabha1991>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-West%20Bengal91.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 1991, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> and Dr. Ramendra Nath Biswas of Congress in 1987.<ref name=vidhansabha1987>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReportWestBengal87.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1987, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> Satish Chandra Biswas of CPI(M) defeated Nitai Pada Sarkar, Independent, in 1982<ref name=vidhansabha1982>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1982/StatisticalReportWestBengal82.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1982, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> and Sushil Kumar Ray of Congress in 1977.<ref name=vidhansabha1977>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportWestBengal77.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1977, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/archive/ElectionAnalysis/AE/S25/Partycomp80.htm |title = 80 - Ranaghat East (SC) Assembly Constituency |work = Partywise Comparison Since 1977 | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 5 October 2010}}</ref>

====Ranaghat West====
In the [[2006 West Bengal state assembly election|2006]]<ref name=vidhansabha2006/> state assembly elections, Aloke Kumar Das of [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] won the Ranaghat West assembly seat defeating his nearest rival Shankar Singha of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]]. Shankar Singha of Congress defeated [[Jyotirmoyee Sikdar]] in 2001<ref name=vidhansabha2001/> and Sourendra Nath Nag of CPI(M) in 1996.<ref name=vidhansabha1996/> Subhaas Basu of CPI(M) defeated Naresh Chandra Chaki of Congress in 1991.<ref name=vidhansabha1991/> Gour Chandra Kundu of CPI(M) defeated Saradindu Biswas of Congress in 1987,<ref name=vidhansabha1987/> Benoy Chatterjee of Congress in 1982,<ref name=vidhansabha1982/> and Naresh Chandra Chaki of Congress in 1977.<ref name=vidhansabha1977/><ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/archive/ElectionAnalysis/AE/S25/Partycomp81.htm |title = 81 - Ranaghat West Assembly Constituency |work = Partywise Comparison Since 1977 | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 5 October 2010}}</ref>

===1967-1972===
====Ranaghat East====
Nitaipada Sarkar of [[Communist Party of India|CPI]] won in 1972.<ref name=vidhansabha1972>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_WB_72.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1972, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> Naresh Chandra Biswas of CPI(M) won in 1971.<ref name=vidhansabha1971>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_WB_71.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1971, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> Nitai Pada Sarkar of CPI won in 1969<ref name=vidhansabha1969>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1969/StatReport_WB_69.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 1969, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission |access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> and 1967.<ref name=vidhansabha1967>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20report%20WB1967.pdf |title = General Elections, Inda, 1967, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref>

====Ranaghat West====
Naresh Chandra Chaki of Congress won in 1972.<ref name=vidhansabha1972/> Gour Chandra Kundu of CPI(M) 1971<ref name=vidhansabha1971/> and 1969.<ref name=vidhansabha1969/> Benoy Kumar Chatterjee of Congress won in 1967.<ref name=vidhansabha1967/>

===1951-1962 Ranaghat===
In [[1962 West Bengal state assembly election|1962]] and [[1957 West Bengal state assembly election|1957]], there was a single seat for Ranaghat. Gour Chandra Kundu of CPI won in 1962.<ref name=vidhansabha1962>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_WB_1962.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1962, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> Benoy Kumar Chatterjee of Congress won in 1957.<ref name=vidhansabha1957>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_WB_1957.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1957, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> In [[1952 West Bengal state assembly election|independent India's first election in 1951]],<ref name=vidhansabha1952>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/STATISTICALREPORTS_51_WestBengal.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1951, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> Ranaghat was a joint seat. Bijoy Krishna Sarkar and Keshab Chandra Mitra won the Ranaghat seat.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Nadia topics}}
{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}

{{West Bengal elections}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of Nadia district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in West Bengal]]

List of villages in Kadapa district

2026-05-06T00:42:48Z

PrakashBar:

{{short description|None}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}

This is an alphabetical list of villages in [[Kadapa district]], [[Andhra Pradesh]] before its reorganisation on 4 June 2022, [[India]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150706135607/http://kadapa.nic.in/govtlands.htm</ref> For current list, see [[:Category:Villages in Kadapa district]]

{{horizontal TOC|nonum=yes}}

== A–B ==
{{div col begin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Akkayapalle]]
* [[Amagampalli]]
* [[Arakatavemula]]
* [[Araveedu]]
* [[Atlur]]
* [[Attirala]]
* [[B. Kodur]]
* [[Bhumayapalle]]
* [[Boggudupalli]]
* [[Brahmamgari Matham]]
{{div col end}}

== C ==
{{div col begin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Chakarayapet]]
* [[Chapadu]]
* [[Chemmumiahpet]]
* [[Chennur, Kadapa district]]
* [[Chilamkur]]
* [[Chinnachowk]]
* [[Chinnaiahgaripalli]]
* [[Chinnamandem]]
* [[Chinnapasupula]]
* [[Chinnayarasala Harijanawada]]<ref>https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/rename-ysr-district-as-ysr-kadapa-district-apcc-leader/article68284764.ece</ref>
* [[Chinthakommadinne]]<ref>https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/sinkholes-now-spread-to-more-villages-in-kadapa/article7934844.ece</ref>
* [[Chitvel]]
{{div col end}}

== D–E ==
{{div col begin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Dammanapalli]]
* [[Duvvur]]
* [[Dwaraka Nagar, Kadapa|Dwaraka Nagar]]
* [[E. Kothapalli]]
* [[Endapalli, Kadapa district|Endapalli]]
{{div col end}}

== G–H ==
{{div col begin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Gadeguduru]]
* [[Galiveedu]]
* [[Gandikota]]
* [[Gandikovvur]]
* [[Garalamadugu]]
* [[Himakuntla]]
{{div col end}}

== K ==
{{div col begin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Kalasapadu]]
* [[Kamalakur]]
* [[Kamalapuram, Kadapa|Kamalapuram]]
* [[Karmalavaripalle]]
* [[Kavalakuntla]]
* [[Kesalingayapalli]]
* [[Khajipet Sunkesula]]
* [[Kondam Palli]]
* [[Kondapuram, Kadapa district|Kondapuram]]
* [[Korrapadu, Kadapa district|Korrapadu]]
* [[Kumpinipuram]]
{{div col end}}

== L–O ==
{{div col begin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Lakkireddipalle]]
* [[Lakshmigari Palli]]
* [[Lingala, Kadapa district|Lingala]]
* [[Maduru]]
* [[Mallepalli]]
* [[Mantapampalle]]
* [[Mylavaram, Kadapa|Mylavaram]]
* [[Nandalur]]
* [[Obulareddypeta]]
* [[Onipenta]]
{{div col end}}

== P ==
{{div col begin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Pamuluru]]
* [[Pathagollapalle]]
* [[Pedda Orampadu]]
* [[Peddamudium]]
* [[Peddapasupula]]
* [[Peddullapalli]]
* [[Pedduru, Kadapa district|Pedduru]]
* [[Penagalur]]
* [[Pendlimarri]]
* [[Porumamilla]]
* [[Potladurthi]]
* [[Pullampeta]]
* [[Puttanavari Palli]]
{{div col end}}

== R–S ==
{{div col begin|colwidth=30em}}

* [[R. Rachapalli]]
* [[Rajampet]]
* [[Rajasaheb Pet]]
* [[Rajupalem, Kadapa district|Rajupalem]]
* [[Ramapuram, Kadapa district|Ramapuram]]
* [[Rayavaram, Kadapa district|Rayavaram]]
* [[Sambepalle]]
* [[Sangala Palli]]
* [[Siddavatam]]
* [[Siddayya Gari Matham]]
* [[Simhadripuram]]
* [[Surabhi, Kadapa district|Surabhi]]
{{div col end}}

== T ==
{{div col begin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[T. Chowdaravaripalli]]
* [[T. Sundupalle]]
* [[Tallapaka, India|Tallapaka]]
* [[Tallaproddatur]]
* [[Tangatur]]
* [[Tekurpeta]]
* [[Thallamapuram]]
* [[Thimmarajupally]]
* [[Thimmasamudram, Kadapa|Thimmasamudram]]
* [[Thondur]]
{{div col end}}

== V–Y ==
{{div col begin|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Vaparala]]
* [[Veeraballe]]
* [[Veeraballi]]
* [[Veerapunayunipalle]]
* [[Velavali]]
* [[Vellala]]
* [[Vempalle]]<ref>https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/rename-ysr-district-as-ysr-kadapa-district-apcc-leader/article68284764.ece</ref>
* [[Vemula]]
* [[Vontimitta]]
* [[Yerra Cheruvu Palli]]
{{div col end}}

{{Kadapa district}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Kadapa district|*]]
[[Category:Lists of villages in India|Kadapa district]]

Srikalahasteeswara temple

2026-05-02T10:00:38Z

PrakashBar: Stub

{{short description|Shiva temple in Tirupati, India}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Sri Gnanaprasunambika sametha Srikalahasteeswara Temple
| image =Sri Kala Hasti.jpg
| image_upright = 1.2
| alt =
| caption = An aerial view of the town and the temple
| map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh
| map_type = India Andhra Pradesh
| coordinates = {{coord|13|44|58|N|79|41|54|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| native_name =
| country = India
| state = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| district = [[Tirupati district|Tirupati]]
| locale = [[Srikalahasti]]
| elevation_m =
| deity = Srikalahasteeswara ([[Shiva]]), Gnana Prasunambika Devi<ref name=templehistory>{{cite web|url=http://www.srikalahastiswaraswamy.webs.com/|title=Srikalahasti Temple History|access-date=17 March 2016|archive-date=15 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215142632/http://srikalahastiswaraswamy.webs.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> ([[Parvati]])
| festivals= [[Maha Sivaratri]]
| architecture = [[Dravidian architecture]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Aguilar |first1=Rafael |last2=Torrealva |first2=Daniel |last3=Moreira |first3=Susana |last4=Pando |first4=Miguel A. |last5=Ramos |first5=Luis F. |title=Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions: An Interdisciplinary Approach |date=2018 |publisher=Springer |isbn=9783319994413 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ypqDwAAQBAJ&q=Ranganathaswamy%7CThiruvarangam+Temple+dravidian+architecture&pg=PA929 |access-date=26 February 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
| number_of_temples =
| number_of_monuments=
| inscriptions =
| established = 5th century CE
| creator = [[Rajendra Chola I]]
| website = [http://www.srikalahasthitemple.com Srikalahasti]
}}
The '''Srikalahasti Temple''' is located in the town of [[Srikalahasti]] in [[Tirupati district]] in the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]. [[Shiva|Siva]] in his aspect as Vayu is worshipped as Kalahasteeswara. The temple is also regarded as ''Rahu-Ketu kshetra'' and ''Dakshina Kailasam''. According to regional tradition, it is said to be the site where [[Kannappa]] was ready to offer both his eyes to cover blood flowing from the [[linga|Shivalinga]] before [[Shiva]] stopped him and granted him [[moksha]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Devadiga |first=Disha |date=2022-01-31 |title=Srikalahasteeswara temple – The Kashi of South |url=https://blog.templesofindia.org/post/srikalahasteeswara-temple-the-kashi-of-south/ |access-date=2022-05-20 |website=Temples of India Blog |language=en-US}}</ref>

Srikalahasti temple, situated 36 km away from [[Tirumala - Tirupati|Tirupati]], is famous for its [[Vayu]] Lingam (Wind Lingam), one of the [[Pancha Bhoota Stalam|Pancha Bhuta Sthalams]], representing the wind. The temple is about 3Km from Sri Kalahasti(KHT) railway station.

==Legend==
In primordial times, the wind-god [[Vayu]] performed penance for thousands of years to the ''Karpoora Lingam'', the [[lingam]] of [[Shiva]] made of [[camphor]]. Pleased with Vayu's penance, Shiva manifested before him and bestowed him three boons. Vayu was blessed to present everywhere in the world in form of air and want to be an integral part of every being in form of [[Prana#Vāyus|vayus]]. Further, The linga that Vayu worshipped was named as the ''Vayu Lingam'' after him and was declared to be worshipped by various beings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.srikalahasthitemple.com/ |title=Official Wesbsite of Srikalahasti Temple|access-date=1 March 2017}}</ref>

Another legend narrates that Shiva's consort [[Parvati]] adamantly asked him to teach her the secret of the [[Om Namah Shivaya|Shiva Panchakshari Mantra]]. Angry with her behaviour, Shiva cursed her to discard her divine form and assume a human form. Parvati fell to the Earth. To atone, Parvati performed penance at Srikalahasti and pleased Shiva. Shiva granted her a heavenly body, a hundred times better than her previous divine form, apologised to her and later taught her the secret lore. Parvati is therefore worshipped as Gnana Prasunambika Devi in the temple.

Cursed to become a ghost, Ghanakala prayed at Srikalahasti for 15 years and after chanting the Bhairava Mantra, Shiva restored her original form.

[[Mayura]], [[Chandra]] and [[Indra]] were cursed to become a spider, snake and elephant respectively. They sought atonement after taking bath in the river Swarnamukhi and praying at Srikalahasti.

Shiva appeared before the sage [[Markandeya]] in Srikalahasti and preached that a Guru alone could make esoteric teachings and, therefore he is [[trimurti|Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva]].

==History==
[[File:ViewofSrikalahasti.jpg|thumb|The temple in reconstruction, view from Kannappa Hill near the river (2016)]]
Around the 11th century CE, the Chola emperor [[Rajendra Chola I]] king renovated the temple and constructed the main structure.<ref name="History of Temple">{{cite news|title=History begin|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/blow-to-history/article445404.ece|access-date=1 March 2017|work=The Hindu|date=4 June 2010|last1=Subramaniam|first1=T. s.}}</ref> [[Kulottunga Chola I]], contrived and built the beautiful gopurams, located at the entrance facing south, during the 11th century CE. Inscriptions of [[Rajaditya Chola]], [[Rajaraja Chola I]], [[Rajadhiraja Chola I]], [[Kulottunga Chola I]], [[Kulottunga Chola III]] are found across the temple. The temple received contributions from various ruling dynasties like [[Cholas|Chola Dynasty]], [[Reddi kingdom]] and [[Vijayanagar Empire]]. The {{convert|120|ft|m}} high main [[gopuram]] and the hundred pillared hall with intricate carvings was commissioned during the regime of the Vijayanagara [[Krishnadevaraya]] during 1516 CE.<ref name="Ram" />

The main gopuram, built by king [[Krishnadevaraya]], collapsed on 26 May 2010.<ref name="newgopuram">{{cite web |title=Rajagopuram at Srikalahasti Temple to be opened on January 18 |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2017/jan/13/rajagopuram-at-srikalahasti-temple-to-be-opened-on-january-18-1559179.html |access-date=14 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=27 May 2010 |title=Srikalahasti temple tower crashes |newspaper=The Hindu |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/Srikalahasti-temple-tower-crashes/article16041193.ece |access-date=14 March 2017}}</ref> As per the Archaeology Department, the temple tower stood on a foundation that had a depth of only one-and-a-half feet and had a thin crack 25 years before it collapsed which expanded as years passed by.<ref>P Neelima (27 September 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20121103135619/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-09-27/hyderabad/28217585_1_srikalahasti-temple-rajagopuram-boulders "Srikalahasti 'rajagopuram' an architectural wonder,"] ''The Times of India''</ref><ref name="Blow to History">{{cite news |last1=Subramaniam |first1=T. s. |date=4 June 2010 |title=Blow to History |work=The Hindu |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/blow-to-history/article445404.ece |access-date=1 March 2017}}</ref> The Rajagopuram was reconstructed in its original form at the same location with a budget of 45 crores and was consecrated on 18 January 2017.<ref name="newgopuram" />

==Architecture==
[[File:Shri Kala Hasti Temple.JPG|thumb|250px|The shrine of Goddess Jnanaprasunambika located parallel to the Shiva shrine]]
The presiding image of Shiva in the form of [[Linga]] is made of white stone (believed to be the solidification of camphor) in a tall cylindrical shape resembling an elephant trunk. The stone is divided into 5 segments representing the 5 hoods of a snake. Horizontally, the lingam is divided into three parts, the top representing the snake, the middle representing the tusks of the elephant and the bottom having the carving of the spider. The lingam is lit by many lamps in the sanctum. Miraculously, the lingam never caught fire even though camphor is a flammable substance. The temple faces south, while the sanctum faces west. The temple is located on the foothills of a hill, while there is also a belief that the temple was carved out of the monolithic hill. There is a rock-cut shrine of Shiva's son [[Ganesha]], {{convert|9|ft|m|abbr=on}} below the ground level. Vallabha Ganapathi, Mahalakshmi-Ganpathi and Sahasra Lingeswara are some of the rare images found in the temple. There is a large shrine of Jnanaprasunambika, the consort of Kalahatisvara. There are smaller shrines in the temple for Kasi Viswanatha, [[Annapurna (goddess)|Annapurna]], [[Surya]], Sadyoganapathi and Shiva's second son [[Kartikeya]]. There are two large halls namely Sadyogi Mandapa and Jalkoti Mandapa. There are two water tanks associated with the temple namely, Surya Pushkarani and Chandra Pushkarani.<ref name="Ram">{{cite book|title=Hindu Pilgrim centres|last=Harshananda|first=Swami|isbn=978-81-7907-053-6|year=2012|publisher=Ramakrishna Math|location=Bangalore, India|edition=2nd|pages=53–7}}</ref>

==Religious importance==
[[File:View of Srikalahasti temple.jpg|thumb|160px|left|Ghat leading to [[Swarnamukhi]] River]]
The temple is revered as one of the [[Pancha Bhoota Stalam]] where the presiding deity is worshipped as [[Vayu]] linga (the embodiment of air).
This temple is considered the "[[Mount Kailash|Kailash]] of the South".<ref name="othernames">{{cite web|title=Sivaratri Brahmotsavams begin|url=http://www.srikalahasthitemple.com|access-date=1 March 2017|publisher=Srikalahasteeswar Temple administration}}</ref> Saivaite saints of the first century sang about this temple. This is the only temple in India which remains open during Solar and lunar eclipses, while, all other temples are closed.<ref name="rahukethupooja">{{cite news|title=Temples, barring Srikalahasti, closed for lunar eclipse|newspaper=The Hindu|date=5 April 2015|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/temples-barring-srikalahasti-closed-for-lunar-eclipse/article7069413.ece|access-date=1 March 2017}}</ref> This temple is famous for the Rahu-Kethu pooja. It is believed that performing this pooja will ward the people from astrological effects of Rahu and Kethu, the demigods which cause eclipses.<ref name="rahukethupooja" />

As per Hindu legend, Kalahasteeshwara was worshipped at this place by [[Brahma]] during all four [[Yuga]]s. [[Arjuna]], the [[Pandava]] prince during [[Mahabharata]] is believed to have worshipped the presiding deity. The legend of [[Kannappa]], who was a hunter and turned into an ardent devotee of Shiva accidentally, is associated with the temple.

The temple also finds mention in the works of Nakeerar and the [[Nalvar]]s, namely, [[Appar]], [[Sundarar]], [[Sambandar]] and [[Manickavasagar]] in the canonical works of Tirumura.<ref name="Ram" /> As the temple is revered in ''Tevaram'', it is classified as ''[[Paadal Petra Sthalam]]'', one of the 275 temples that find mention in the Saiva canon.<ref>{{cite web|title=Seventh Thirumurai|url=http://www.thevaaram.org/thirumurai_1/songview.php?thiru=7&Song_idField=7001&padhi=100+&button=%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95|publisher=Thevaram.org|last=Sundarar|access-date=30 November 2015}}</ref>

==Culture==
The temple follows the [[Shaivism|Shaivite]] tradition.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}} [[Maha Shivaratri]] is the most important festival when [[lakh]]s of devotees offer prayers to seek the blessings of the Lord. Mahashivaratri [[Brahmotsava|Brahmotsavams]] are celebrated in par with Maha Shivaratri for 13 days during which the processional idols of Shiva and Parvati will be taken on [[Vahana]]ms in a procession around the temple streets.<ref>{{cite web|title=Srikalahasti gears up for Mahasivaratri Brahmotsavam|url=http://www.srikalahasthitemple.com|access-date=1 March 2017}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|20em}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Srikalahasteeswara Temple}}
* [https://templeknowledge.com/about-srikalahasti-temple/ Srikalahasti]

{{Tirupati district|collapsed=true}}
{{Shiva temples}}
{{Hindu Temples in Andhra Pradesh}}

[[Category:Shiva temples in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Pancha Bhoota Stalam]]
[[Category:Devi temples in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:5th-century Hindu temples]]
[[Category:12th-century Hindu temples]]
[[Category:Chola architecture]]
[[Category:Pallava dynasty]]
[[Category:Vijayanagara Empire]]
[[Category:Pallava architecture]]
[[Category:Padal Petra Stalam]]

Saidpur Dabra

2026-05-01T18:55:40Z

PrakashBar: Done.

{{Short description|Village in Bihar, India}}
{{Orphan|date=April 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Saidpur Dabra
| settlement_type = Village
| pushpin_map = Bihar#India
| coordinates = {{coord|25|19|08|N|87|10|49|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Community development block|Block]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Bhagalpur district|Bhagalpur]]
| subdivision_name3 = Gopalpur
| government_type = [[Sarpanch]]
| area_total_km2 = 28.91
| elevation_m = 37
| population_total = 37101
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Angika ]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 853205
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in India|STD code]]
| area_code = 06421
| registration_plate = BR-10
}}'''Saidpur Dabra''' is a village in [[Gopalpur (community development block)|Gopalpur Block]], [[Bhagalpur district|Bhagalpur District]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]. It is located near the state boundary with [[Jharkhand]], about 21 kilometres northeast of the district seat [[Bhagalpur]], and 19 kilometres northeast of the block seat Gopalpur. In the year 2011, it has a total population of 37,101.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Basic Population Figures of India, States, Districts, Sub-District and Village, 2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/42554/download/46180/2011-IndiaStateDistSbDistVill-0000.xlsx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302073337/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/42554/download/46180/2011-IndiaStateDistSbDistVill-0000.xlsx |archive-date=2023-03-02 |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=censusindia.gov.in}}</ref>

== Geography ==
Saidpur Dabra is on the north bank of the [[Ganges]], near the confluence of the Ganges and [[Kosi River]]. Ratanganj is situated to its north, Tintanga Diyara North to its east, Parasrampur Milik to its south across the Ganges, and Dimha to its west. It covers an area of 2,891 hectares.

== Demographics ==
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], there were 7,172 households within Saidpur Dabra. Among the 37,101 residents, 19,677 are male and 17,424 are female. The literacy rate is 53.62%, with 11,894 of the male population and 8,001 of the female population being literate. The census location code of this village is 238987.<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Bhagalpur district]]

Ghaziabad–Jewar Regional Rapid Transit System

2026-04-30T22:04:11Z

PrakashBar: Creating a details

{{Short description|Proposed regional transit system in India}}
{{AI-generated|date=April 2026|reason=See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject AI Cleanup/Noticeboard#Blue_Line_(Meerut_Metro)]]}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox rail line
| name = Ghaziabad–Jewar Regional Rapid Transit System
| color = 274778
| logo =
| logo_width = 75px
| image =
| image_width = 300px
| caption =
| other_name = Ghaziabad–Jewar Airport RRTS Ghaziabad–Noida–Jewar RRTS
| type = [[Higher-speed rail|Semi-high speed rail]] [[Commuter rail|Regional transit]]
| locale = [[National Capital Region (India)|National Capital Region]] (NCR)
| start = {{ric|RapidX}} {{stl|RapidX|Ghaziabad}}
| end = {{ric|RapidX}} {{stl|RapidX|Noida International Airport}}
| stations = 12
| routes = 1
| daily_ridership = 326,000 (FY 2030-31) 757,000 (FY 2054-55) (projected)<ref name="66M">{{cite news|last=Mishra|first=Dheeraj|title=Noida Airport to Aerocity in just 66 mins? By 2030, this super-fast rapid rail will make it a reality|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/ghaziabad-rrts-noida-airport-to-aerocity-delhi-rapid-metro-project-nia-to-delhis-sarai-kale-khan-9471936/|work=The Indian Express|date=24 August 2024|access-date=25 August 2024|language=en}}</ref>
| ridership2 =
| website = {{URL|http://ncrtc.in}}
| open =
| planopen = {{start date and age|df=yes|2030|}}<ref name="TN">{{cite news|last=Pandey|first=Mahima|title=RRTS to Connect Ghaziabad to Noida Airport, 72 Km Route Gets Govt's Nod|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/delhi/rrts-to-connect-ghaziabad-to-noida-airport-72-km-route-gets-govts-nod-article-105774038|quote=This development paves the way for the project to proceed, with an anticipated operational date of 2030 if everything unfolds as planned.|work=Times Now|date=6 December 2023|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref>{{Update inline|date=April 2026}}
| lastextension =
| yearcompleted =
| owner = [[National Capital Region Transport Corporation]] (NCRTC)
| operator =
| character = [[Elevated]], [[At-grade railway|at-grade]] and underground
| depot =
| stock =
| linelength = {{convert|72.44|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| gauge = {{track gauge|sg|allk=on}}<ref>{{Cite report |url=http://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/Feasibility%20Report%20Delhi%20Ghaziabad%20Meerut%20RRTS%20Corridor.pdf |title=Feasibility Report: RRTS Delhi-Ghaziabad-Meerut |access-date=14 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113133820/http://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/Feasibility%20Report%20Delhi%20Ghaziabad%20Meerut%20RRTS%20Corridor.pdf |archive-date=13 November 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| electrification = {{25 kV 50 Hz}} [[overhead line|overhead catenary]]
| speed = {{convert|84|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (average, regular service) {{convert|114|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}} (average, express)<ref name="66M"/>
| signalling = [[ETCS L2]]/[[ETCS L3|L3]] over [[LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]]<ref>{{cite web|title=ETCS2 Signalling system for RRTS Corridor|url=https://ncrtc.in/etcs2-signalling-system-for-rrts-corridor/|work=[[National Capital Region Transport Corporation]]|date=21 January 2023|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref>
| map = {{Ghaziabad–Jewar Regional Rapid Transit System}}
| map_state = collapsed
}}

The '''Ghaziabad–Jewar Regional Rapid Transit System (Ghaziabad–Jewar RRTS)''' is a proposed {{cvt|72.44|km}} [[Higher-speed rail|semi high-speed rail]] and [[Commuter rail|regional transit]] corridor that will connect the [[National Capital Region]] cities of [[Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh|Ghaziabad]] and [[Noida]] with [[Noida International Airport]] at [[Jewar]]. It is the fourth of the four rapid rail corridors planned under the first phase of the [[RapidX]] project managed by the [[National Capital Region Transport Corporation]] (NCRTC). It will be built to allow a maximum speed of {{cvt|180|km/h}}, and the distance between Ghaziabad, Noida and the airport will be covered in less than 40–50 minutes. The project is estimated to cost approximately ₹20,640 crore (US$2.5 billion). It will originate from [[Ghaziabad RRTS station|Ghaziabad]], run through Noida, [[Greater Noida]], [[YEIDA City]] and end at the [[Noida International Airport]] at [[Jewar]]. It will have 12 stations and two depots on both the northern and southern ends of the corridor.<ref name="TMRG">{{cite web|title=Ghaziabad – Jewar Airport RRTS – Information, Route Map, Fares, Tenders & Updates|url=https://themetrorailguy.com/ghaziabad-jewar-rrts-information-route-map-status-updates/|website=The Metro Rail Guy|access-date=13 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="MRN">{{cite news|title=RRTS Corridor Proposed Between Ghaziabad and Noida Airport|url=https://www.metrorailnews.in/rrts-corridor-proposed-between-ghaziabad-and-noida-airport/|work=Metro Rail News|date=7 December 2023|access-date=25 August 2024|language=en}}</ref>

The project comprises two sections to distinguish between the urban and the rural divisions. The first will be from Ghaziabad to Kasna or Ecotech VI of Greater Noida, covering {{cvt|32.9|km}} by running in tandem with [[Noida Metro]]'s {{cvt|10|km}} extension between Char Murti Chowk and Knowledge Park-V, while concurrently integrating with [[Delhi Metro]]'s [[Red Line (Delhi Metro)|Red Line]] at Ghaziabad.

The second will be from Kasna or Ecotech VI to Noida International Airport at Jewar by passing through the under-development YEIDA City, covering {{cvt|32.9|km}}, where it will be integrated with the proposed {{cvt|14.6|km}} [[Noida Film City#Rail|light rail line]], which will serve the upcoming [[Noida Film City#New Film City|Noida Film City]]. The RRTS project was given an in-principle approval by the [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]] in December 2023, and the Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority issued work order to the owner of the four RRTS corridors, NCRTC, to prepare the [[Project plan|detailed project report]] of the project in January 2024. The NCRTC submitted the DPR within three months to YEIDA and the [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]] in April 2024.

== History ==

=== NCR Transport plan ===

In response to the growing challenges of population growth, traffic congestion, pollution, and road safety in the [[National Capital Region (India)|National Capital Region]], the [[Planning Commission (India)|Planning Commission]] formed a task force in 2005, chaired by the Secretary of the [[Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs|Ministry of Urban Development]]. The goal was to develop a multi-modal regional transit system to improve connectivity in the region. This initiative became part of the Integrated Transport Plan for NCR 2032, with a particular focus on establishing a [[Regional Rapid Transit System]] to link regional centers.

In 2013, the [[Government of India|Governments of India]] and [[Government of Delhi|Delhi]] moved forward with plans to create a regional railway system that would directly connect Delhi with neighboring cities and areas in the NCR and beyond. This led to the establishment of the National Capital Region Transport Corporation in July 2013, a joint venture between the Governments of India and the states of Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi. The NCRTC was tasked with building, owning, and operating the RRTS to reduce reliance on road transport and improve regional connectivity. Within Delhi, the RRTS will primarily operate underground and integrate with the Delhi Metro, offering commuters a faster transit option and improved last-mile connectivity. This system draws inspiration from successful regional transit networks like [[London]]'s [[Crossrail]], [[Paris]]' [[Réseau Express Régional|RER]] and [[Munich]]'s [[Munich S-Bahn|S-Bahn]], aiming to provide a modern and efficient transit solution for the NCR.

Initially, eight corridors spanning at least 1,000 km (620 mi) across the NCR were proposed for implementation. This number has since increased to nine, with four corridors prioritized for development in the coming years: [[Delhi–Meerut Regional Rapid Transit System|Delhi–Meerut]], [[Delhi–Alwar Regional Rapid Transit System|Delhi–Alwar]], [[Delhi–Sonipat–Panipat Regional Rapid Transit System|Delhi–Panipat]], and Ghaziabad–Jewar. The Delhi–Meerut corridor was selected as the first to be implemented due to the high volume of daily travelers and significant traffic between the two cities. As a result, the central and state governments, along with the NCRTC, conducted feasibility studies and approved its construction.

The Ghaziabad–Jewar corridor is the most recent addition, announced by the [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]] in December 2023. This corridor aims to establish direct and seamless connectivity to the under-construction [[YEIDA City]] and the [[Noida International Airport]] in Jewar.

=== RRTS for Jewar Airport ===

There have been plans to link the under-construction [[Noida International Airport]] in [[Jewar]] with [[Delhi]] and the rest of the [[National Capital Region (India)|National Capital Region]] (NCR) through a direct metro line since May 2019, when the [[Delhi Metro Rail Corporation]] (DMRC) showcased their plans with seven options, including either to make [[Greater Noida]] the origin of the line as a second line of [[Noida Metro]], or extending the [[Delhi Metro]]'s [[Violet Line (Delhi Metro)|Violet Line]] till the airport from its terminating point at [[Faridabad]].<ref name="TN2">{{cite news|title=Metro line connecting to Jewar airport will have 25 stations, DMRC presents first plan|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/industry/article/metro-line-connecting-to-jewar-airport-will-have-25-stations-dmrc-presents-first-plan/415627|work=Times Now|date=9 May 2019|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref><ref name="HT2">{{cite news|last=Rajput|first=Vinod|title=DMRC report suggests 7 Metro stations on route linking Greater Noida with Jewar airport|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/noida-news/dmrc-report-suggests-7-metro-stations-on-route-linking-greater-noida-with-jewar-airport-101635703225049.html|work=The Hindustan Times|date=31 October 2021|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref> In June 2023, an RRTS corridor plan was presented by the DMRC to link the airport with [[Indira Gandhi International Airport]] in Delhi, the current primary airport of the NCR, as an 'Airport Express Corridor'.<ref>{{cite news|last=Rajput|first=Vinod|title=High-speed Metro from Jewar to New Delhi to have just 6 stations|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/noida-news/highspeed-metro-linking-noida-and-delhi-airports-to-have-only-six-stations-for-speedy-commute-says-officials-101685990018905.html|work=The Hindustan Times|date=6 June 2023|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Delhi's IGI Airport to Noida Airport in just 80 minutes with new "high-speed" rapid rail corridor; details here|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/delhi-igi-airport-to-noida-airport-in-just-80-minutes-with-new-high-speed-rapid-rail-corridor/articleshow/107072373.cms|work=The Times of India|date=23 January 2024|access-date=15 May 2024|language=en}}</ref> However, although the option of extending the Violet Line continues to be the most feasible option to connect [[South Delhi|southern Delhi]], [[Gurugram]] and [[Faridabad]] with the airport, the plan for the line from Greater Noida to the airport as a second line of Noida Metro was shelved in October 2023, when [[V. K. Singh]], then [[Minister of State (India)|minister of state]] for road transport and highways as well as civil aviation, introduced the proposal of creating an RRTS corridor from [[Ghaziabad]] to the airport.<ref name="DXN">{{cite news|last=Khandelwal|first=Peeyush|title=Plan underway to link RRTS to Jewar airport: Gen VK Singh|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/noida-news/plan-underway-to-link-rrts-to-jewar-airport-gen-vk-singh-101696961360277.html|work=The Hindustan Times|date=11 October 2023|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref>

In response to this, the [[List of Chief Ministers of Uttar Pradesh|Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh]], [[Yogi Adityanath]], expressed interest to the owner of the four Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS) corridors, NCRTC on creating a corridor from [[Delhi]]'s [[Sarai Kale Khan RRTS station|Sarai Kale Khan station]], the terminal station of the three corridors to [[Meerut]], [[Panipat]] and [[Alwar]], to the under-construction [[Noida International Airport]] at [[Jewar]], in order to provide a direct link to the new airport from Delhi and the rest of the [[National Capital Region]] (NCR).<ref>{{cite news|last=Dev|first=Aditya|title=RapidX Link For Noida Airport: Sarai Kale Khan Route On Radar|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/rapidx-noida-airport-link-proposed-from-ghaziabad-govt-keen-on-sarai-kale-khan-route/articleshow/104538942.cms|work=The Times of India|date=13 October 2023|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref> Nonetheless, due to lack of space and limited feasibility, the plan was changed to make the corridor start from [[Ghaziabad RRTS station|Ghaziabad station]] on the [[Delhi–Meerut Regional Rapid Transit System]], which has been built with four platforms to serve two corridors, and pass through [[Noida]], [[Greater Noida]] and take course on the [[Yamuna Expressway]] before terminating at Jewar Airport.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ghaziabad – Jewar Airport RRTS Route Finalized via Greater Noida|url=https://themetrorailguy.com/2023/12/31/ghaziabad-jewar-airport-rrts-route-finalized-via-greater-noida/|website=The Metro Rail Guy|date=31 December 2023|access-date=14 May 2024}}</ref>

In December 2023, the [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]] approved the plan for {{INRConvert|1600|c}}, and the Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority (YEIDA) directed the NCRTC to prepare the [[Project plan|Detailed Project Report]] (DPR) and the feasibility study of the project in January 2024, and began the geotechnical survey for preparing the DPR in the same month in Greater Noida.<ref name="UP">{{cite news|last=Pall|first=Samreen|title=Uttar Pradesh Greenlights Rs 1600 Crore Ghaziabad to Jewar RRTS Corridor, Connecting Noida Airport to NCR|url=https://www.news18.com/auto/uttar-pradesh-greenlights-rs-1600-crore-ghaziabad-to-jewar-rrts-corridor-connecting-noida-airport-to-ncr-8693003.html|work=News18|date=6 December 2023|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref><ref name="TIE">{{cite news|title=Rapid rail from Ghaziabad to Noida Airport: Survey kicks off to map station layout|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/rapid-rail-from-ghaziabad-to-noida-airport-survey-kicks-off-to-map-station-layout-9114665/|work=The Indian Express|date=18 January 2024|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref> At the time, it was reported that the opening could be in 2030 "if everything unfolds as planned".<ref name="TN" /> The NCRTC submitted the DPR and the feasibility study in three months to the YEIDA and the Government of Uttar Pradesh in April 2024, and is currently waiting for a final approval from the [[Government of India|Governments of India]] and Uttar Pradesh.<ref name="HT">{{cite news|title=DPR submitted for 72-km Metro-cum-RRTS corridor connecting Ghaziabad to Noida Airport|url=https://metrorailtoday.com/news/dpr-submitted-for-72-km-metro-cum-rrts-corridor-connecting-ghaziabad-to-noida-airport|work=Metro Rail Today|date=8 April 2024|access-date=17 May 2024|language=en}}</ref><ref name="DPR">{{cite news|title=NCRTC submits DPR for Ghaziabad-Jewar RRTS, Uttar Pradesh|url=https://indianinfrastructure.com/2024/04/12/ncrtc-submits-dpr-for-ghaziabad-jewar-rrts-uttar-pradesh/|website=Indian Infrastructure|date=12 April 2024|access-date=24 April 2024|language=en}}</ref> In August 2024, the NCRTC submitted a revised DPR to the Government of Uttar Pradesh for allowing final execution of the project.<ref name="66M" />

== Construction ==

In January 2024, the NCRTC was directed by the Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority to carry out the preparatory works for construction and preparing the [[Project plan|Detailed Project Report]] (DPR) for the corridor. Therefore, the NCRTC undertook the geotechnical survey of the corridor's alignment by awarding the work to Cengrs Geotechnica, a [[Noida]]-based firm, and then started to prepare the DPR in the same month. It submitted the DPR to the [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]] and YEIDA in April 2024. As of May 2024, it is awaiting final approval from the [[Government of India]], Government of Uttar Pradesh, and YEIDA before construction can commence.<ref name="TIE"/><ref name="DPR"/>

=== Source of funding ===

In March 2024, the Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority (YEIDA) finalised and approved the project's funding of about {{INRConvert|20045|c}}, of which 50% will be funded by the [[Government of India]], 30% by the YEIDA and the Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority (GNIDA) and 20% by the [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]]. The funding was done under the [[2024 Union budget of India|interim national budget of financial year 2024-25]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Board of YEIDA approves funds for Ghaziabad–Jewar RRTS under Budget 2024|url=https://indianinfrastructure.com/2024/03/15/board-of-yeida-approves-funds-for-ghaziabad-jewar-rrts-under-budget-2024-25/|work=Indian Infrastructure|date=15 March 2024|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref>

=== Sections ===

The entire length of {{cvt|72.44|km}} has been divided into two sections to distinguish between the urban and rural divisions and traffic in the areas, according to the [[Project plan|Detailed Project Report]] (DPR), which states that the first section is projected to witness more passengers, as this route is surrounded by densely populated areas of [[Ghaziabad]], [[Noida]] and [[Greater Noida]], as compared to the second section that is currently surrounded by rural areas as part of the upcoming [[YEIDA City]]. The corridor will be integrated with [[Delhi Metro]] and [[Noida Metro]], with which it will run and operate the metro on a single corridor, similar to the [[Meerut Metro]] being built on a single corridor of the [[Delhi–Meerut Regional Rapid Transit System]]. The entire route will have a total of 22 stations-12 for the RRTS and 10 for the Noida Metro and a proposed light rail project to serve [[Noida Film City]]. It will be designed for a maximum speed of {{cvt|180|km/h}}, with an operating speed of {{cvt|114|km/h}}. The average speed will be {{cvt|84|km/h}}.<ref name="RRTS">{{cite news|title=Ghaziabad-Noida Airport RRTS Corridor to Have 11 Stations, Feasibility Report Ready|url=https://www.metrorailnews.in/ghaziabad-to-noida-airport-rrts-corridor-to-have-11-stations-feasibility-report-ready/|work=Metro Rail News|date=19 February 2024|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref><ref name="TMRG"/><ref name="66M"/>

====Section I====

The first section covering {{cvt|39.39|km}} will be entirely [[elevated]], starting from [[Ghaziabad RRTS station|Ghaziabad station]] on the [[Delhi–Meerut Regional Rapid Transit System]] to Kasna or Ecotech VI in [[Greater Noida]], with seven RRTS stations and 11 [[Noida Metro]] stations, with a provision to add three more RRTS stations in the future, to be built at an estimated cost of about {{INRConvert|13055|c}}. It will traverse along the Vishvakarma road in Siddharth Vihar and Pratap Vihar in Ghaziabad, Taj highway, Char Murti Chowk, Greater Noida Link road at Knowledge Park-V, and then will turn towards Surajpur-Kasna road, before passing through Pari Chowk, which ends at Ecotech VI in Kasna. The first section will integrate as one corridor with the proposed {{cvt|10|km}} [[Noida Metro]]'s extension between Char Murti Chowk and Knowledge Park-V. It will also integrate with [[Delhi Metro]]'s [[Red Line (Delhi Metro)|Red Line]] at Ghaziabad, the [[Noida Metro|Aqua Line of Noida Metro]] at Char Murti Chowk and Alpha I station of Aqua Line near Pari Chowk.<ref name="HT"/>

====Section II====

The second section will cover {{cvt|32.9|km}} will also be elevated, starting from Kasna or Ecotech VI to [[Noida International Airport]] at [[Jewar]], with four RRTS stations and one metro station, to be built at a cost of about {{INRConvert|6988|c}}, with a provision to add ten more metro stations in the future. Its alignment will pass along the [[Yamuna Expressway]] through the towns and villages of [[Dankaur]], Dhanauri, Kanarsi, Bhatta, Parsaul, [[Rabupura]], Dayanatpur and Kishorpur before reaching Noida International Airport, which will be built underground. It will be integrated as one corridor with the proposed {{cvt|14.6|km}} [[Noida Film City#Rail|light rail corridor]], aimed to connect the under-construction airport with Sector 21, where the [[Noida Film City#New Film City|Noida Film City]] is being developed.<ref name="HT"/><ref name="66M"/>

== Route stations ==

The RRTS corridor will begin from [[Ghaziabad RRTS station|Ghaziabad]], through which the existing [[Delhi–Meerut Regional Rapid Transit System]] operates with a stop, pass through [[Noida]] and [[Greater Noida]] by running along with the [[Noida Metro]], and take its course from the [[Yamuna Expressway]] along the [[YEIDA City]] by running simultaneously with the proposed {{cvt|14.6|km}}-long [[Noida Film City#Rail|light rail corridor]] linking [[Noida Film City#New Film City|Noida Film City]], before ending at [[Noida International Airport]] in [[Jewar]]. The corridor will have a total of 12 stations, with 11 intermediate stations as metro and light rail stations, where the RRTS will not have any stops. The RRTS will have a provision of adding an additional ten metro stations and one RRTS station to specially cater to the traffic of the upcoming YEIDA City in the coming years. It will have two depots on its northern and southern sides, whose locations are yet to be finalised. The designs of the stations are also yet to be done.<ref name="RRTS"/><ref name="TMRG"/><ref name="HT"/>

{| width="100%" class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+
! colspan=9 align="center" style="background:#{{rcr|RapidX|Ghaziabad–Jewar}};color:white;" |'''Ghaziabad–Jewar RRTS'''
|-
! rowspan=2 |No.
! rowspan=2 |Station Code
! colspan=2 |Station Name
! rowspan=2 |Integration
! rowspan=2 |Station Layout
! rowspan=2 |Platform Level Type
! rowspan=2 |Status
! rowspan=2 |Opening
|-
!English
!Hindi
|-
|1
|
|'''[[Ghaziabad RRTS station|Ghaziabad]]'''
|'''गाज़ियाबाद'''
|{{ric|RapidX}}{{rcb|RapidX|Delhi–Meerut|broute}} {{ric|Delhi Metro}} {{rcb|Delhi Metro|Red|broute}}
|Elevated
|Island
| {{Yes|Completed}}
| rowspan=12 |2030?
|-
|2
|
|'''Ghaziabad South'''
|'''गाज़ियाबाद दक्षिण'''
|None
|Elevated
|Side
| rowspan=11 {{Planned}}
|-
|3
|
|'''Greater Noida West-Sector IV'''
|'''ग्रेटर नोएडा वेस्ट-सेक्टर IV'''
|{{ric|Noida Metro}} {{rcb|Noida Metro|Aqua|broute}}
|Elevated
|Island
|-
|4
|
|'''Greater Noida West-Sector II'''
|'''ग्रेटर नोएडा वेस्ट-सेक्टर II'''
|{{ric|Noida Metro}} {{rcb|Noida Metro|Aqua|broute}}
|Elevated
|Island
|-
|5
|
|'''Knowledge Park V'''
|'''नौलेज पार्क V'''
|{{ric|Noida Metro}} {{rcb|Noida Metro|Aqua|broute}}
|Elevated
|Island
|-
|6
|
|'''Surajpur'''
|'''सूरजपुर'''
|{{ric|Noida Metro}} {{rcb|Noida Metro|Aqua|broute}}
|Elevated
|Island
|-
|7
|
|'''Pari Chowk'''
|'''परी चौक'''
|{{ric|Noida Metro}} {{rcb|Noida Metro|Aqua|broute}}
|Elevated
|Island
|-
|8
|
|'''Ecotech VI'''
|'''इकोटेक VI'''
|None
|Elevated
|Side
|-
|9
|
|'''Dankaur'''
|'''दनकौर'''
|None
|Elevated
|Side
|-
|10
|
|'''YEIDA North-Sector 18'''
|'''येइडा उत्तर-सेक्टर 18'''
|'''[[Noida Film City#Rail|Noida Film City Light Rail]]''' '''(Proposed)'''
|Elevated
|Island
|-
|11
|
|'''YEIDA Central-Sector 21'''
|'''येइडा सेन्ट्रल-सेक्टर 21'''
|'''[[Noida Film City#Rail|Noida Film City Light Rail]]''' '''(Proposed)'''
|Elevated
|Island
|-
|12
|
|'''Jewar Airport'''
|'''जेवर एयरपोर्ट'''
|'''[[Noida Film City#Rail|Noida Film City Light Rail]]''' '''(Proposed)'''
|Underground
|Island
|-
|}

== Rolling stock ==

[[File:Namo_Bharat_Trains.jpg|thumb|left|[[Namo Bharat]] trainsets parked in [[Duhai Depot RRTS station|Duhai depot]] of the [[Delhi–Meerut Regional Rapid Transit System]]]]

On 1 May 2020, [[Bombardier Transportation]], a [[List of French companies|French]] railroad manufacturing firm,<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 January 2021 |title=A transformational step for Alstom: completion of the acquisition of Bombardier Transportation |url=https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2021/1/transformational-step-alstom-completion-acquisition-bombardier#_ftnref1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315043335/https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2021/1/transformational-step-alstom-completion-acquisition-bombardier |archive-date=15 March 2023 |access-date=14 May 2024|website=Alstom Press releases and news}}</ref> emerged as the lowest bidder among a group of three bidders to supply and maintain 210 coaches for a 15-year period, with a price bid of {{INRConvert|2577|c}}. The 210 coaches include 180 coaches consisting of 30 six-car trains for the [[Delhi–Meerut Regional Rapid Transit System]], and 30 coaches consisting of 10 three-car trains for the [[Meerut Metro]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 May 2020 |title=Bombardier bags rolling stock deal for Delhi-Meerut RRTS corridor |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/property-/-cstruction/bombardier-bags-rolling-stock-deal-for-delhi-meerut-rrts-corridor/articleshow/75585776.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505071038/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/property-/-cstruction/bombardier-bags-rolling-stock-deal-for-delhi-meerut-rrts-corridor/articleshow/75585776.cms |archive-date=5 May 2023 |access-date=14 May 2024|website=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Sinha |first=S |date=8 May 2022 |title=First RRTS trainset handed over to NCRTC |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/noida-news/first-rrts-trainset-handed-over-to-ncrtc-101651950027361-amp.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516015738/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/noida-news/first-rrts-trainset-handed-over-to-ncrtc-101651950027361-amp.html |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=14 May 2024|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

In September 2020, the NCRTC released the design of the RRTS train, which is inspired by the [[Lotus Temple]]. Designed in [[Hyderabad]], the trains have a design speed of {{cvt|180|km/h}} and an operational speed of {{cvt|160|km/h}}, making them the fastest [[rapid transit]] trains in India. Each fully air-conditioned, six-car trainset, which could be extended to eight coaches based on demand, consists of one premium coach and one coach reserved for women, and is be able to carry 1,750 passengers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2020 |title=India's first RRTS train with design speed of 180 kmph unveiled; to have business class |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/indias-first-rrts-train-with-design-speed-of-180-kmph-unveiled-to-have-business-class/articleshow/78321755.cms |access-date=14 May 2024|website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> It is compatible with a host of [[train protection system]]s like [[automatic train protection]] (ATP) and [[automatic train control]] (ATC) systems, and also has features like [[regenerative braking]].<ref name=":2" />

The entire rolling stock is being manufactured in India at Alstom's plant in [[Savli]], [[Gujarat]],<ref>{{cite news|title=French MNC Alstom begins making regional commuter transit trains in Gujarat|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/alstom-begins-making-regional-commuter-transit-trains-in-gujarat/articleshow/84476952.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429103613/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/alstom-begins-making-regional-commuter-transit-trains-in-gujarat/articleshow/84476952.cms |archive-date=29 April 2023 |access-date=14 May 2024|website=The Economic Times}}</ref> and the first trainset was delivered to the NCRTC in May 2022. Along with the existing Delhi–Meerut corridor, these trains will run on all the three upcoming RRTS corridors, including the Ghaziabad–Jewar corridor.<ref name=":2" />

=== Signalling and train control system ===

The NCRTC has decided to equip all the four upcoming RRTS corridors, along with the [[Meerut Metro]], [[Noida Metro]] extension and the proposed [[Noida Film City|Noida Film City light rail corridor]] with [[ETCS L2]] signalling, one of the most advanced signalling systems used in [[Europe]]. Tenders for its procurement to install in this corridor are yet to be invited likely from [[Alstom]], who was also awarded the contract worth approximately {{INRConvert|937|c}} in January 2021 to supply the systems for the [[Delhi–Meerut Regional Rapid Transit System]]. All operations and trains will be controlled by [[RapidX]] in its operations control centre (OCC) on both sides of the corridor, as it will have two OCCs to look after the operations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://themetrorailguy.com/2020/04/28/ncrtc-invites-bids-for-delhi-meerut-rrts-etcs-signalling-system/|title=NCRTC Invites Bids for Delhi - Meerut RRTS' ETCS Signalling System|date=28 April 2020|website=The Metro Rail Guy|language=en|access-date=14 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2021 |title=Alstom Will Deploy India's First ETCS L3 System, Bags 937 Cr Delhi-Meerut RRTS Signalling Contract |url=https://www.railpost.in/alstom-will-deploy-indias-first-etcs-l3-system-bags-937-cr-delhi-meerut-rrts-signalling-contract/amp/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503004852/https://www.railpost.in/alstom-will-deploy-indias-first-etcs-l3-system-bags-937-cr-delhi-meerut-rrts-signalling-contract/amp/ |archive-date=3 May 2023 |access-date=14 May 2024|website=RailPost}}</ref>

== Interconnectivity ==

* Key locations connected:
** [[Noida Film City]]
** [[YEIDA City]]
** [[Noida International Airport]]

* [[Haryana Orbital Rail Corridor]], a RRTS like system, will connect the Ghaziabad-Jewar RRTS to [[National Capital Region Transport Corporation#Overview of RRTS|other RRTS in NCR]] such as [[Delhi–Alwar Regional Rapid Transit System|Delhi–Alwar RRTS]], [[Delhi–Sonipat–Panipat Regional Rapid Transit System|Delhi–Sonipat RRTS]], [[National Capital Region Transport Corporation#Phase II (Proposed)|Delhi-Rohtak-Hisar RRTS]] and [[National Capital Region Transport Corporation#Phase II (Proposed)|Delhi-Palwal-Hodal RRTS]].

* Integration with [[Delhi Metro]] and [[Noida Metro]]: The RRTS, after starting from [[Ghaziabad RRTS station|Ghaziabad station]], will be linked with the [[Shaheed Sthal metro station]] of the [[Red Line (Delhi Metro)|Red Line]] of Delhi Metro, traverse through southern Ghaziabad with a stop, and then will have a total eight interchanges at Greater Noida-Sector IV, Greater Noida Sector-II, Knowledge Park V, [[Surajpur, Uttar Pradesh|Surajpur]], Pari Chowk, YEIDA North-Sector 18, YEIDA Central-Sector 21 and Jewar Airport stations. These integrations will provide a significant impact on commuters, as they will seamlessly connect with the metros and the [[Namo Bharat (trainset)|Namo Bharat]] trains of the RRTS, providing them the ease of travel from [[Meerut]], [[Delhi]], [[Noida]], [[Ghaziabad]] and adjoining parts of the [[National Capital Region (India)|National Capital Region]] (NCR) to reach Noida International Airport within 40–50 minutes. This will make the metros the second such transit systems in India to run along and directly integrate with a [[Commuter rail|regional transit system]] after [[Meerut Metro]].<ref name="HT"/><ref name="TMRG"/><ref name="BS">{{cite news|last=Singh|first=Nandini|title=Noida Airport to be linked by expressway, rapid rail, and pod taxi: Details|url=https://www.business-standard.com/india-news/noida-airport-to-be-linked-by-expressway-rapid-rail-and-pod-taxi-details-124051500482_1.html|work=Business Standard|date=11 May 2024|access-date=11 May 2024|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=First Look Of Meerut Metro Trains Unveiled As NCRTC Gets Delivery Of Trainsets |url=https://zeenews.india.com/auto/first-look-of-meerut-metro-trains-unveiled-as-ncrtc-gets-delivery-of-trainsetsfirst-look-of-meerut-metro-trains-unveiled-as-ncrtc-gets-delivery-of-trainsets-2722052.html |access-date=14 May 2024|website=Zee News |language=en}}</ref>

* [[RapidX]]: Delhi NCR's traditional train set being replaced with RRTS like trainsets.

== Future plans ==

To cater the projected mass increase in traffic along the RRTS' route after its completion, the NCRTC has made provisions in the [[Project plan|Detailed Project Report]] (DPR) to add ten more metro stations in the [[YEIDA City]] section, of which there will be one RRTS and nine metro stations, and operate the metro services on RRTS infrastructure as a single integrated corridor, like that of [[Meerut Metro]] in the [[Delhi–Meerut Regional Rapid Transit System]]. The provisions have been made in view of catering the traffic of the upcoming YEIDA City and to and from the under-construction [[Noida International Airport]] in [[Jewar]]. In addition, two types of trains will also be provided–one will operate at a faster speed of about {{cvt|115|km/h}} and stop on limited stations, and the other will travel at normal speed of about {{cvt|90|km/h}} and stop at all RRTS stations.<ref name="HT"/> A long-term future plan has also been made to extend the corridor southwards along the [[Yamuna Expressway]] from YEIDA City before it turns towards Jewar Airport, till possibly [[Mathura]] or [[Agra]], so to further integrate those cities and adjoining regions closely with the [[National Capital Region (India)|National Capital Region]] (NCR).<ref>{{cite news|title=Delhi Metro to be linked to Mathura? Here is what Centre said|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/delhi-metro-to-be-linked-to-mathura-here-is-what-centre-said-11639049416391.html|work=Mint|date=9 December 2021|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref>

== Status updates ==

* '''October 2023:''' The plan for a corridor from [[Ghaziabad]] to [[Noida International Airport]] was first introduced by the former [[General (India)|General]] of the [[Indian Army]] and an incumbent politician under the [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]], [[V. K. Singh]].<ref name="DXN"/>
* '''December 2023:''' The RRTS corridor's alignment as per the NCRTC was approved by the Government of Uttar Pradesh.<ref name="UP"/>
* '''January 2024:''' The Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority (YEIDA) directed the NCRTC to prepare the [[Project plan|Detailed Project Report]] (DPR) of the corridor. Hence, the NCRTC undertook the geotechnical survey of the corridor's proposed alignment in [[Greater Noida]] in the same month.<ref name="TIE"/>
* '''February 2024:''' It was reportedly stated that the NCRTC was preparing the DPR in its final stages, and that it would be completed by the first week of March 2024.<ref>{{cite news|title=Route linking Greater Noida, Greater Noida West to RRTS to be finalised in 1 week|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/rapid-rail-greater-noida-9176775/|work=The Indian Express|date=23 February 2024|access-date=14 May 2024|language=en}}</ref>
* '''April 2024:''' The DPR was finished and submitted by the NCRTC to the YEIDA and the Government of Uttar Pradesh for a final approval by the [[Government of India|Governments of India]], Uttar Pradesh and YEIDA.<ref name="DPR"/>

== See also ==

* [[Noida#Transport|Transport in Noida]]
* [[National Capital Region#Transport|Transport in National Capital Region]]
* [[Urban rail transit in India#List of systems|List of metro trains in India]]
* [[Transport in India]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* [http://ncrtc.in Official website]

{{Portal bar|India|Trains|Transport|Engineering}}
{{RapidX|Ghaziabad–Jewar=yes}}
{{Rapid transit in India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ghaziabad-Jewar Regional Rapid Transit System}}
[[Category:Transport in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Transport in Noida]]
[[Category:National Capital Region (India)]]

Sanjay Khodke

2026-04-21T04:19:52Z

PrakashBar: Pg.

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image =
| office = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Council]]
| term_start = 20 March 2025
| predecessor = [[Rajesh Vitekar]]
| constituency = ''elected by the Members of Legislative Assembly''
| birth_name = Sanjay Vinayakrao Khodke
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| party = [[Nationalist Congress Party]]
| other_party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| spouse = MLA [[Sulbha Khodke]]
| parents =
}}
'''Sanjay Vinayakrao Khodke''' is an Indian politician from [[Maharashtra]] and a member of the [[Nationalist Congress Party (Ajit Pawar)]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-18 |title=विधान परिषदेची पोटनिवडणूक बिनविरोध, राष्ट्रवादीची संजय खोडके तर शिवसेनेची रघुवंशी यांना उमेदवारी |url=https://www.loksatta.com/mumbai/legislative-council-by-election-unopposed-ncp-sanjay-khodke-and-shiv-sena-raghuvanshi-nominated-mumbai-print-news-ssb-93-4955604/ |access-date=2025-03-22 |website=Loksatta |language=mr}}</ref> In 2025, He was elected as a member of the [[Maharashtra Legislative Council|Maharashtra legislative Council]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-21 |title=Five Mahayuti leaders take oath as MLCs |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/five-mahayuti-leaders-take-oath-as-mlcs-9899017/ |access-date=2025-03-22 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Maharashtra: NCP's Sanjay Khodke, Backroom Strategist, Enters Upper House In By-Election |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/mumbai/maharashtra-ncps-sanjay-khodke-backroom-strategist-enters-upper-house-in-by-election |access-date=2025-03-22 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref> His wife Sulbha Khodke is Currently MLA from [[Amravati Assembly constituency]].

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khodke, Sanjay}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{Maharashtra-NCP-politician-stub}}

Wonderwall Music

2026-04-20T19:44:52Z

PrakashBar:

{{good article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2010}}
{{Infobox album
| name = Wonderwall Music
| type = soundtrack
| longtype = / [[studio album]]
| artist = [[George Harrison]]
| cover = sapcor1_a.jpg
| border = yes
| alt = the cover image is divided in two by a red brick wall with a single brick removed. On the left, a man in a business suit stands in a drab, empty space. On the right, naked women frolic in a pond in a colorful landscape.
| released = {{Start date|df=yes|1968|11|01}}
| recorded = 22 November 1967{{snd}}11 February 1968
| venue =
| studio = * [[Abbey Road Studios|EMI]] and [[De Lane Lea Studios|De Lane Lea]] (London)
* [[Saregama|His Master's Voice]] ([[Mumbai|Bombay]])
| genre = * [[Indian classical music|Indian classical]]<ref name="Dale/Uncut UMG">Jon Dale, "George Solo: Wonderwall Music", ''[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut Ultimate Music Guide: George Harrison]]'', TI Media (London, 2018), pp. 38–39.</ref>
* [[raga rock]]{{sfn|Schaffner|1982|p=301}}
* [[Experimental music|experimental]]
* [[World music|world]]
| length = {{Duration|m=45|s=43}}
| label = [[Apple Records|Apple]]
| producer = George Harrison
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title = [[Electronic Sound]]
| next_year = 1969
}}
'''''Wonderwall Music''''' is the debut solo studio album by the English musician [[George Harrison]] and the [[soundtrack]] to the 1968 film ''[[Wonderwall (film)|Wonderwall]]'', directed by [[Joe Massot]]. Released in November 1968, it was the first solo album by a member of [[the Beatles]], and the first album issued on the band's [[Apple Records|Apple]] record label. The tracks are mostly [[instrumental]] pieces, with some featuring non-English language vocals and one track with English lyrics, mostly short musical vignettes. Following his Indian-styled songs for the Beatles since 1966, he used the film score to further promote [[Indian classical music]] by introducing rock audiences to instruments that were relatively little-known in the West – including [[shehnai]], [[sarod]], [[tar shehnai]], [[tanpura]] and [[santoor]]. The Indian pieces are contrasted by Western musical selections, in the [[psychedelic rock]], [[Experimental music|experimental]], [[Country music|country]] and [[Ragtime music|ragtime]] styles.

Harrison recorded the album between November 1967 and February 1968, with sessions taking place in London and [[Bombay]]. One of his collaborators on the project was classical pianist and orchestral arranger [[John Barham]], while other contributors include Indian classical musicians [[Aashish Khan]], [[Shivkumar Sharma]], [[Shankar Ghosh (musician)|Shankar Ghosh]] and Mahapurush Misra. The Western music features contributions from [[Tony Ashton]] and his band [[the Remo Four]], as well as guest appearances by [[Eric Clapton]] and [[Ringo Starr]]. Harrison recorded many other pieces that appeared in ''Wonderwall'' but not on the soundtrack album, and the Beatles' 1968 B-side "[[The Inner Light (song)|The Inner Light]]" also originated from his time in Bombay. Although the ''Wonderwall'' project marked the end of Harrison's direct involvement with Indian music as a musician and songwriter, it inspired his later collaborations with [[Ravi Shankar]], including the 1974 [[Ravi Shankar's Music Festival from India|Music Festival from India]].

The album cover consists of a painting by American artist [[Bob Gill (artist)|Bob Gill]] in which, as in Massot's film, two contrasting worlds are separated by a wall, with only a small gap allowing visual access between them. Harrison omitted his own name from the list of performing musicians, leading to an assumption that he had merely produced and arranged the music. The 2014 reissue of ''Wonderwall Music'' recognises his contributions on keyboards and guitar. The album was first remastered for CD release in 1992, for which former Apple executive [[Derek Taylor]] supplied a liner-note essay.

While viewed as a curiosity by some rock music critics, ''Wonderwall Music'' is recognised for its inventiveness in fusing Western and Eastern sounds, and as being a precursor to the 1980s [[world music]] trend. The album's title inspired that of [[Oasis (band)|Oasis]]' 1995 hit song "[[Wonderwall (song)|Wonderwall]]". Harrison's full soundtrack for the film was made available on DVD in early 2014, as part of the two-disc ''Wonderwall Collector's Edition''. In September that year, the album was reissued in remastered form as part of Harrison's ''[[The Apple Years 1968–75|Apple Years 1968–75]]'' box set, with the addition of three bonus tracks.

==Background==
[[George Harrison]] first met [[Joe Massot]] while [[the Beatles]] were filming ''[[Help! (film)|Help!]]'' in early 1965. He agreed to write the musical score for Massot's film ''[[Wonderwall (film)|Wonderwall]]'' in October 1967, after [[the Bee Gees]] had become unavailable.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=234}} It was Harrison's first formal music project outside the Beatles{{sfn|Greene|2006|p=91}} and coincided with his continued immersion in [[Indian classical music]].{{sfn|Inglis|2010|pp=16-17}} Since 1966, this association with India had given Harrison a distinct musical identity beside the band's primary songwriters, [[John Lennon]] and [[Paul McCartney]].{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=63, 66}} While he had minimal interest in the Beatles' main projects during 1967{{sfn|Ingham|2006|p=55}} – the album ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]'' and their television film ''[[Magical Mystery Tour (film)|Magical Mystery Tour]]''{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=47}}{{sfn|MacDonald|1998|pp=209, 236, 240}} – Harrison led the group in terms of their shared philosophical direction,<ref>Will Hermes, [https://books.google.com/books?id=qK2SnZnMMaoC&q=Maharishi "George Harrison 1943–2001"], ''[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]'', February 2002, p. 22 (retrieved 12 May 2017).</ref>{{sfn|The Editors of ''Rolling Stone''|2002|p=36}} as his bandmates followed him in embracing [[Transcendental Meditation]] under the guidance of [[Maharishi Mahesh Yogi]].<ref>Nick Jones, "Beatle George and Where He's At", ''[[Melody Maker]]'', 16 December 1967, pp. 8–9; available at [http://www.rocksbackpages.com/Library/Article/beatle-george-and-where-hes-at Rock's Backpages] (subscription required).</ref><ref name="Rabey/HuffPost">Steve Rabey, [https://web.archive.org/web/20150924150545/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/09/george-harrison-living-in-the-material-world_n_1001707.html "George Harrison, 'Living in the Material World'"], ''[[The Huffington Post]]'', 9 October 2011 (archived version retrieved 12 May 2017).</ref>

Harrison viewed ''Wonderwall'' at [[Twickenham Film Studios]] with Massot{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=206}} and was intrigued by the storyline.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=47}} The film's premise concerns a lonely professor (played by Irish actor [[Jack MacGowran]]) and his increasing obsession with his female neighbour, a fashion model{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=47}} named Penny Lane (played by [[Jane Birkin]]),{{sfn|Howlett|2014|p=12}} whom he spies on via a hole in the wall separating their apartments.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=182}} In the context of 1960s [[Swinging London]], the contrast between their existences symbolised the division between traditional norms and the younger generation's progressive thinking.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=419}}<ref name="Bierman/Magnet" /> In his soundtrack for the film, Harrison conveyed this contrast further in terms of the duality between [[psychedelia]] and his [[Hinduism|Hindu]]-aligned spiritual convictions.<ref name="Bierman/Magnet" /> According to author Simon Leng: "The lack of dialogue left acres of room for music to speak, and a soupçon of cosmic apotheosis also helped ... ''Wonderwall'' touched on themes that would come to preoccupy George Harrison – critically, the objectification of celebrities and the shallowness of fame."{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=47}}

==Concept and composition==
{{quote box|quote= I was getting so into Indian music by then that I decided to use the assignment as an excuse for a musical anthology to help spread the word.<ref name="Clayson/OffTheWall" />|source= – George Harrison to ''[[Musician (magazine)|Musician]]'' magazine, November 1987|width=25%|align=left|style=padding:8px;}}
Given full artistic control by Massot,{{sfn|Howlett|2014|pp=5, 12}} Harrison approached the project as an opportunity to further educate rock and pop audiences in aspects of Indian music.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=48}}<ref name="GH/Anthol">George Harrison, in The Beatles, p. 280.</ref> Having incorporated [[sitar]], [[tanpura]], [[swarmandal]], [[dilruba]] and [[tabla]] in his work with the Beatles,{{sfn|MacDonald|1998|pp=164, 172, 194, 215}} Harrison sought to include less well-known Indian musical instruments.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=175, 178, 182, 183}}<ref name="White/Musician p 56">Timothy White, "George Harrison – Reconsidered", ''[[Musician (magazine)|Musician]]'', November 1987, p. 56.</ref> Among these, the [[oboe]]-like [[shehnai]], traditionally used in religious ceremonies,{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=32}}<ref>''Collaborations'', p. 47.</ref> was an instrument that Harrison had enthused about after seeing [[Bismillah Khan]] perform at the [[Hollywood Bowl]] in August 1967.{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=116}} Also prominent on the soundtrack is the [[tar shehnai]], a bow-played string instrument that is similar to an [[esraj]].<ref name="Hurwitz" /> Other instrumentation introduced on ''Wonderwall Music'' includes the [[sarod]], similar to a [[lute]], and the [[santoor]],<ref name="White/Musician p 56" />{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=26, 49}} a type of [[hammered dulcimer]] with up to 100 strings.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=32-33}} Having used personnel from the [[Asian Music Circle]] in north London on his Beatles songs "[[Love You To]]" and "[[Within You Without You]]", in addition to his own sitar playing,{{sfn|MacDonald|1998|pp=172, 215}}{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=176, 178}} Harrison decided to record part of the soundtrack in [[Bombay]], the centre of India's film industry,<ref>''World Music: The Rough Guide'', p. 102.</ref> in order to work with some of the country's best musicians.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=48}}

The ''Wonderwall'' score was Harrison's first opportunity to compose extensively for a single project.{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=9}} He later described how he went about preparing the music: "I had a regular wind-up stopwatch and I watched the film to 'spot-in' the music with the watch. I wrote the timings down in my book, then I'd go to [the recording studio], make up a piece, record it."<ref name="Taylor/Wonderwall CD" /> As with his songs for the Beatles over this period,<ref>Richie Unterberger, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210224151617/https://www.allmusic.com/album/yellow-submarine-mw0000668441 "The Beatles ''Yellow Submarine''"], [[AllMusic]] (archived version retrieved 24 February 2021).</ref> including "Within You Without You"{{sfn|The Editors of ''Rolling Stone''|2002|p=174}} and "[[Blue Jay Way]]", he composed mainly on keyboard instruments such as piano or organ, rather than guitar.{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=32, 50}} In addition to the Indian pieces, Harrison wrote and arranged selections in Western musical styles.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=49}}{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=17}} In some cases, these pieces were outlined to the musicians at the recording session by Harrison, on guitar, and they then improvised on his ideas.<ref name="Hurwitz">Matt Hurwitz, [https://web.archive.org/web/20151104113245/http://www.georgeharrison.com/albums/wonderwall-music/ "Wonderwall Music"], georgeharrison.com (archived version retrieved 1 February 2021).</ref> With other selections, he first made a [[Demo (music)|demo]], which the musicians followed.<ref name="Clayson/OffTheWall" />

Harrison collaborated on much of the project with [[John Barham]],{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=49–50}}<ref name="Snow/Mojo">Mat Snow, "George Harrison: Quiet Storm", ''[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]'', November 2014, p. 69.</ref> who had studied composition under Harrison's sitar teacher, [[Ravi Shankar]].{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=62, 180, 182}} A classically trained pianist and musical arranger, Barham notated some of the melodies that Harrison sang to him and transcribed them onto [[Staff (music)|staves]].<ref name="Clayson/OffTheWall" /> Leng describes Barham as Harrison's "fellow traveler", due to the two musicians' shared appreciation of Indian classical music.{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=26-27}} He adds that their musical compatibility made Barham a natural choice over [[George Martin]], the Beatles' producer and orchestral arranger.{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=49–50}}{{refn|group=nb|The ''Wonderwall'' sessions were officially Harrison's first as a producer, although he had directed the recording of "Love You To" and "Within You Without You" over 1966–67 with minimal input from Martin and the other Beatles.{{sfn|Ingham|2006|p=154}}}}

==Recording==
===London, November 1967 – January 1968===
[[File:Wonderwall by George Harrison.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.6|''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' ad for ''Wonderwall Music'', December 1968]]
The first session for the ''Wonderwall'' soundtrack took place on 22 November 1967{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=151}} at EMI Studios (now [[Abbey Road Studios]]) in London.{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=283}} That day, Harrison recorded with a tabla player and flautists [[Richard Adeney]] and Jack Ellory,{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=393}} taping the pieces "Swordfencing", "India", "Backwards Tabla" and "Backwards Tones".{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=419}} On 23 November, he carried out further work on some of these selections,{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=419}} with two oboe players, a trumpeter and two flautists.{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=393}} Authors Chip Madinger and Mark Easter state that some of these recordings may have been used as musical cues in the film but excluded from the soundtrack album, while "Swordfencing" was a piece that Harrison incorporated into "[[Dream Scene (song)|Dream Scene]]" on the album.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=419}}{{refn|group=nb|According to Madinger and Easter, in addition to most of what appears on the album, the ''Wonderwall'' film contained nineteen of Harrison's "musical cues and tracks ... ranging anywhere from ten seconds to a couple of minutes in length" that were omitted from the soundtrack album.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}}}} Over this period, Harrison also worked at a second London location,{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=419}} [[De Lane Lea Studios]].{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=393}} According to a contemporary issue of ''[[Beatles Monthly]]'' magazine, the sessions continued at Abbey Road on 11, 20 and 31 December.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=419}}

The contributing musicians included Indian [[sarod]]ya [[Aashish Khan]] and [[tabla|tablist]] Mahapurush Misra,{{sfn|Castleman|Podrazik|1976|p=198}} the last of whom was the regular accompanist to Khan's father, [[Ali Akbar Khan]].{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=66, 182}} Aashish Khan and Misra's contributions were recorded at Abbey Road, rather than later in India,{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=34fn}} since the pair were performing in London in December 1967.{{sfn|Howlett|2014|p=8}} Barham attended this session and also contributed to some of the Western recordings for ''Wonderwall'', playing piano, [[Pump organ|harmonium]] and [[flugelhorn]], and providing orchestral arrangements for flutes, oboes and trumpet.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|pp=206-207}} Another session with some unnamed Indian musicians took place on 5 January 1968.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=151}}

The main participants on the Western pieces were [[the Remo Four]],{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=206}} whose first session with Harrison was on 22 December.<ref name="Hurwitz" /> The band were an instrumental group from Liverpool{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=82, 235}} that had toured with the Beatles in 1964{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=173}} and comprised Colin Manley (guitar), [[Tony Ashton]] (keyboards), Phillip Rogers (bass) and [[Roy Dyke]] (drums).{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=206}} Ashton contributed on [[tack piano|tack]] (or jangle) piano and organ,{{sfn|Castleman|Podrazik|1976|p=198}} and played the majority of the [[Mellotron]] parts that are prominent on the album.{{sfn|Howlett|2014|p=10}}

[[Ringo Starr]] and [[Eric Clapton]] joined Harrison to record "Ski-ing"{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=182}} on 2–3 January.<ref name="Hurwitz" /> Credited only on the US release,{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}} under the pseudonym "Eddie Clayton",{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=71}} Clapton's appearance marked the first of several collaborations between him and Harrison over 1968–71.{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|pp=71-72}}{{sfn|Everett|1999|pp=152, 305–06}} [[Peter Tork]] of [[the Monkees]] played [[banjo]],{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|pp=9, 71}} although his contribution, recorded in December 1967, was to a track that only appeared in the film.<ref name="Thomson/Guardian">Graeme Thomson, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170526124129/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2017/mar/23/maccas-banjo-mellotron-and-a-monkee-the-story-of-george-harrisons-wonderwall-music "Macca's banjo, Mellotron and a Monkee: The story of George Harrison's Wonderwall Music"], ''[[The Guardian]]'', 24 March 2017 (archived version retrieved 26 May 2017).</ref>
{{Clear}}

===Bombay, January 1968===
{{quote box|quote= It was fantastic really. The studio is on top of the offices ... [and] if you listen closely to some of the Indian tracks on the LP you can hear taxis going by ... I mixed everything as we did it there, and that was nice enough because you get spoiled working on eight and sixteen tracks.<ref name="Taylor/Wonderwall CD" />|source= – Harrison in 1992, recalling the primitive recording facilities at [[Saregama|His Master's Voice]] studios in Bombay|width=25%|align=right|style=padding:8px;}}
Harrison recorded the rest of the Indian selections between 9 and 13 January at His Master's Voice in Bombay.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=151}} In contrast to the [[multitrack recording]] carried out at Abbey Road, the music was captured on a two-track tape machine,{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=206}} which replaced the studio's usual [[Monaural|mono]] equipment.<ref name="GH/Anthol" /> Harrison recalled that EMI India's managing director, [[Bhaskar Menon]], personally delivered this machine, a STEEDS [[Stereophonic sound|stereo]] recorder, by train from Calcutta.<ref name="GH/Anthol" /> The Bombay studio's [[soundproofing]] was similarly inadequate,{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=235}} resulting in traffic noise from the street below appearing on pieces such as "In the Park".{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=421}}

On 10 January, [[Reuters]] and [[BBC News]] filmed Harrison working with three of the Indian musicians at His Master's Voice. A brief portion of this footage was broadcast in Britain on 11 January.{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=149}} In Menon's recollection, following each day's recording session, Harrison returned to his rooms at the [[The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel|Taj Mahal Hotel]] and studiously documented his observations on the sounds and nuances of the various Indian instruments. Menon described the process as "a kind of immersion for him into the folk music of India".{{sfn|Howlett|2014|p=10}}

According to author [[Alan Clayson]], the Indian players were "fascinated" to be following Western rules of harmony for the first time.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=235}} The musicians were recruited by [[Shambhu Das]],{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=206, 235}} who ran Shankar's [[Kinnara School of Music]] in Bombay,{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=61}} and Vijay Dubey, the head of [[Artists and repertoire|A&R]] for [[Saregama|His Master's Voice]] in India.{{sfn|Howlett|2014|pp=8, 10}}{{refn|group=nb|A protégé of Shankar's, Das had handled much of Harrison's sitar tuition during the latter's visit to India in late 1966.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=206}}<ref>Geoffrey Clarfield, [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20210509212303/https://nationalpost.com/category/news/ "Good enough to teach the Beatles, but not to record"], ''[[National Post]]'', 15 November 2010 (archived version retrieved 14 May 2021).</ref> Harrison sent Das a telegram on 29 December 1967, requesting "2 or 3 shanhai 3 sitar and one dha shanhai" for the ''Wonderwall'' sessions.<ref>Telegram to Shambhu Das, in The Beatles, p. 280.</ref>}} The shehnai players were Sharad Kumar and Hanuman Jadev,<ref name="2014 CD credits">Album credits, ''Wonderwall Music'' CD ([[Apple Records]], 2014; produced by George Harrison).</ref> while the tar shehnaist was Vinayak Vora.{{sfn|Castleman|Podrazik|1976|p=198}} Shambhu Das and Indranil Bhattacharya were the sitarists, and Chandrashekhar Naringrekar played [[surbahar]] (a low-[[Register (music)|register]] version of the sitar). The tablist was [[Shankar Ghosh (musician)|Shankar Ghosh]],<ref name="2014 CD credits" /> although the original album credits listed him on sitar.<ref name="1968 LP credits" />

[[Rijram Desad]], a [[multi-instrumentalist]] whose past work included film scores and ballets with vocalists such as [[Lata Mangeshkar]],<ref>''Collaborations'', p. 44.</ref> played [[Pump organ#In the Indian subcontinent|Indian harmonium]] and tabla tarang.{{sfn|Castleman|Podrazik|1976|p=198}}{{refn|group=nb|A [[melodic percussion instrument]], the tabla tarang consists of between ten and sixteen individually tuned hand drums, specifically the tabla's treble-variety [[tabla|dayan]],{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=3, 24}} which are set in a semicircle around the player.<ref>Gabriele Stiller-Kern, [https://web.archive.org/web/20141006081637/http://www.culturebase.net/artist.php?258 "Kamalesh Maitra: The last master of tabla taranga"], culturebase.net, 2007 (archived version retrieved 6 October 2014).</ref>}} [[Shivkumar Sharma]] contributed on santoor, and the [[bansuri]] (bamboo flute) was played by S.R. Kenkare.{{sfn|MacDonald|1998|p=240}}<ref name="1968 LP credits" /> [[Hariprasad Chaurasia]] also contributed on bansuri,{{sfn|MacDonald|1998|p=240}} but only after the soundtrack pieces had been completed, and the efficient progress of the sessions allowed Harrison to record some other compositions.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=183}}

===London, January–February 1968===
After returning to England on 18 January,{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=291}}{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=145}} Harrison recorded the majority of the Western music for ''Wonderwall'' with the Remo Four,{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=151}} again at Abbey Road.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=49}} Author [[Bruce Spizer]] writes that Harrison played piano, guitar and Mellotron on some of the Western tracks.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=206}} In addition, according to Manley, Harrison provided the [[steel guitar]] part on "Cowboy Music", even though Manley is credited on the album sleeve.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=207}} Also present at the sessions were Dutch designers [[The Fool (design collective)|the Fool]] – Simon Posthuma, Marijke Koger and Josje Leeger{{sfn|Everett|1999|pp=145, 151, 307}} – who had created the [[Psychedelia|psychedelic]]-themed sets for Massot's film.<ref name="Clayson/OffTheWall" />{{refn|group=nb|The Fool were the Beatles' preferred designers over 1967–68.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=211, 238}} In addition to carrying out individual assignments for Harrison and Lennon,{{sfn|Howlett|2014|p=13}} they painted a three-storey-high mural on the outside wall of the band's new retail venture, [[Apple Boutique]],<ref>MacDonald, p. 238fn.</ref> in [[Baker Street]], London.{{sfn|Doggett|2011|p=30}}}} Well known for his theme tune to [[BBC]] television's ''[[Dixon of Dock Green]]'',{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=235}} [[Tommy Reilly (harmonica player)|Tommy Reilly]] played on the soundtrack after Harrison had asked Martin to suggest a good harmonica player.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=49}}

At various stages while working on the project, Harrison returned to Twickenham to ensure that each musical piece married up with its scene in the film; he later recalled: "it always worked. It was always right."{{sfn|Howlett|2014|p=12}} Final mixing began on 31 January, and a late [[overdubbing]] session took place on 11 February, when extra [[sound effects]] were added to "Dream Scene".{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|pp=419-20}} Harrison mixed the recordings with [[Ken Scott]],<ref name="Hurwitz" /> completing stereo and mono versions of the album.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}}{{refn|group=nb|Among the differences in the mono ''Wonderwall Music'', shorter fadeouts were used on some of the tracks. "Red Lady Too" was given a slightly longer fadeout, relative to the stereo mix, along with heavy [[flanging]] treatment on one of the piano parts.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|pp=420-422}}}} Harrison then went back to India on 15 February,{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}} with Lennon and their wives,{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=145}} to study meditation with the Maharishi [[The Beatles in India|in Rishikesh]].<ref>Mark Paytress, "A Passage to India", in ''Mojo Special Limited Edition: 1000 Days of Revolution'', p. 12.</ref>{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=293}}

Having been allocated a budget of £600, Harrison eventually spent £15,000 on recording the film soundtrack, paying the difference himself.{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=9}} One of the non-soundtrack pieces taped at the end of the Bombay sessions was "[[The Inner Light (song)|The Inner Light]]",<ref>"Timeline: Jan 1 – Feb 3, 1968", in ''Mojo Special Limited Edition: 1000 Days of Revolution'', p. 19.</ref> which he completed at Abbey Road in early February.{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=156}} This song became the first Harrison composition to appear on a Beatles single when it was issued as the [[B-side]] to "[[Lady Madonna]]" in March 1968,{{sfn|Harry|2003|pp=82, 353}}{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=63}} a release that served to cover the band's absence in Rishikesh.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=95}} The Remo Four song "[[In the First Place]]" was another product of the ''Wonderwall'' sessions,<ref name="Unterberger/First Place">Richie Unterberger, [https://web.archive.org/web/20161120010748/http://www.allmusic.com/album/in-the-first-place-mw0000945126 "The Remo Four 'In the First Place'"], [[AllMusic]] (archived version retrieved 20 November 2016).</ref> although the track remained unreleased until the late 1990s.{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=143}} In 1993, Harrison told ''[[The Simpsons|Simpsons]]'' creator [[Matt Groening]] that ''Wonderwall Music'' had been his most enjoyable album to make.<ref name="Fritsche/Huff" />

==Musical content==
The nineteen tracks on ''Wonderwall Music'' range from just over a minute in length to five-and-a-half minutes.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=151}} On some pressings of the 1968 LP, various pieces lacked [[Audio mastering|mastering]] rills between them;{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|pp=420, 421}} with these selections instead presented as [[Medley (music)|medley]]s, the number of distinct album tracks was reduced to twelve.{{sfn|Castleman|Podrazik|1976|p=69}}{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=205}} On many of the Indian selections, instruments such as sitar, surbahar and harmonium{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=151}} provide a drone-like backing,<ref name="Ginell/AM" /> over which Harrison's chosen instrument plays the main musical theme.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=26, 182}}

In the original album credits, Harrison was listed as producer, writer and arranger but was not included among the performers,{{sfn|Castleman|Podrazik|1976|p=198}} leading to an assumption that he did not play on the recordings.<ref name="Fritsche/Huff">Tom Fritsche, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170706010835/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/fandor/the-wild-world-of-wonderw_b_8333106.html "The Wild World of WONDERWALL's Music"], ''[[The Huffington Post]]'', 20 October 2016 (archived version retrieved 6 July 2017).</ref> After consulting Barham in 2002 for his book ''While My Guitar Gently Weeps'', Leng credited Harrison as a performing musician,{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=48fn, 49–50}} and Spizer also recognised him in his track-by-track list, published in 2005.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|pp=206-07}} The performer credits in the 2014 reissue of ''Wonderwall Music'' rectified the situation,<ref name="Fritsche/Huff" /> and list Harrison on piano and guitar.<ref name="2014 CD credits" />

===Side one===
[[File:Shehnai.jpg|upright=.5|thumb|right|The double-reed<ref>''World Music: The Rough Guide'', p. 73.</ref> [[shehnai]], one of several Indian musical instruments Harrison used on ''Wonderwall Music'']]
The album opens with "Microbes", which consists of call-and-response shehnai parts{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=49}} and was partly based on the raga [[Darbari Kanada]].<ref name="Hurwitz" /> The [[waltz]]-time{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=9}} "Red Lady Too" includes what musicologist [[Walter Everett (musicologist)|Walter Everett]] describes as "[[Piano Sonata No. 14 (Beethoven)|'Moonlight' Sonata]]-like suspensions on piano, [[honky-tonk]] piano, Mellotron, and drums".{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=151}} Ashton performed the tack piano part, with Barham supplying the lower-register piano accompaniment.<ref name="Hurwitz" /> On "Tabla and Pakavaj", Mahapurush Misra played the two types of hand drums named in the title, the barrel-shaped [[pakhavaj]] being another mainstay of [[Hindustani classical music]].{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=36–37, 182}} "In the Park" includes Sharma's santoor alternating solos with surbahar{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=182}} and tabla tarang.<ref name="Hurwitz" /> Neither of these last two tracks appears in the film.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}}

Author Peter Lavezzoli recognises "Harrison's dry humor" in "the honky-tonk, piano-driven" "Drilling a Home".{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=182}} The song is subject to dramatic changing of pitch, from the [[Key (music)|key]] of [[G major|G]] up to [[B-flat major|B{{music|flat}}]], through the tape being sped up.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=151}} In the film, only the portion up to the sound of a rainstorm is used.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=421}} The [[ragtime]] feel of the track is accentuated by an arrangement that includes tack piano, horns and banjo,{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=206}} with the last two sounds created through Ashton's use of different settings on the Mellotron.<ref name="Hurwitz" /> Author Ian Inglis writes of the effectiveness of "Drilling a Home": "its jangle piano instantly recreates the mood of a crowded saloon in a frontier town, or a [[Laurel and Hardy]] or [[Keystone Cops]] pursuit."{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=17}} The track segues into "Guru Vandana",{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=421}} another Bombay-recorded piece<ref name="Clayson/OffTheWall" /> featuring multiple shehnais.<ref name="Dale/Uncut UMG" /> The title references Guru Vandana, a Hindu prayer in honour of God and one's teacher.{{sfn|Allison|2006|p=143}} "Greasy Legs" consists of harmonium and Mellotron,{{sfn|Everett|1999|pp=151-52}} including parts played on the latter instrument's flute, organ and cello settings.<ref name="Hurwitz" />

{{quote box|quote= George told me he'd like me to play on something, or we'd write something as we went along ... You know, it was very experimental, and it was good fun.<ref>Eric Clapton interview, in ''George Harrison: Living in the Material World'', Disc 1; event occurs between 1.21.06 and 1.21.19.</ref>|source= – [[Eric Clapton]], discussing his involvement on the track "Ski-ing"|width=25%|align=left|style=padding:8px;}}
On "Ski-ing", Clapton plays a [[blues]]-based guitar [[riff]] treated with a [[Distortion (music)|fuzz-tone]] effect,{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=206}} over a rock rhythm and heavy tanpura drone.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=152}} While Spizer and Everett credit all four electric guitar parts (two of which were taped backwards) to Clapton alone,{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=206}}{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=152}} he recalls that "we put down this thing [on tape] and George then put backwards guitar on it."<ref>Eric Clapton interview, in ''George Harrison: Living in the Material World'', Disc 1; event occurs between 1.21.12 and 1.21.16.</ref> The seagull-like sounds{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=206}} of the guitars segue into "Gat Kirwani",{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=421}} a fast-paced Indian piece with Aashish Khan on sarod, backed by sitar and Misra's tabla.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=182}} The performance is based on the [[Kirwani|similarly named raga]], which Harrison had suggested that Khan play.<ref name="Hurwitz" />

"Dream Scene" is a combination of segments that Harrison edited together.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|pp=419-20}} Along with "Ski-ing", it is the only track on the album that combines Indian and Western music.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=421}} The song consists of three distinct pieces, the first of which is a meditative section containing [[Phaser (effect)|phase-shifted]] instrumentation such as tabla tarang,{{sfn|Spizer|2005|pp=206–07}} harp (swarmandal) and sitar,<ref name="Pangburn/D&T">D.J. Pangburn, [https://web.archive.org/web/20171117131224/https://www.deathandtaxesmag.com/56067/george-harrison-forgotten-solo-gems/ "George Harrison: Forgotten Solo Gems"], ''[[Death and Taxes (website)|Death and Taxes]]'', 25 February 2011 (archive version retrieved 17 November 2017).</ref> and singing.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=50}}{{refn|group=nb|Harrison sourced the vocals from EMI's sound library at Abbey Road.<ref name="Hurwitz" />}} The music is delivered via backwards-played [[tape loop]]s as the vocals [[Panning (audio)|pan]] from one side to the other across the stereo image.<ref name="Ginell/AM" /> The other two pieces include a section comprising Barham's piano and flutes,{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=50}} followed by a trumpet solo, harmonica interspersed with a [[police siren]], and more backwards tape loops.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=207}} The song fades out with a slowed-down spoken voice over the sound of church bells.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=152}} Leng notes that "Dream Scene" was recorded several months before Lennon's experimental [[sound collage]] "[[Revolution 9]]", released on the double album ''[[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]''.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=50}}{{refn|group=nb|Madinger and Easter similarly comment that Harrison's contribution to "Revolution 9" "may have been understated in retrospect after listening to this".{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=421}}}}
{{Clear}}

===Side two===
"Party Seacombe" includes a rock accompaniment that Clayson likens to the style of [[Pink Floyd]],{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=235}} and the song equally recalls the Beatles' instrumental "[[Flying (Beatles song)|Flying]]",<ref name="Ginell/AM" />{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=18}} with which it shares a twenty-bar blues structure.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=152}} Recorded with the Remo Four, it includes [[Wah-wah pedal|wah]]-effected lead guitars,{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=152}} one of which resembles the sound of a human voice;{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=235}} phase-shifted treatment on the acoustic rhythm guitar; and additional drums and percussion,{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=207}} possibly played by Starr.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=182}} Writing for ''[[NME Originals]]'' in 2005, Adrian Thrills described the track as "Whimsical '60s psychedelia from George's experimental dabblings".<ref>Chris Hunt (ed.), ''[[NME|NME Originals]]: Beatles – The Solo Years 1970–1980'', IPC Ignite! (London, 2005), p. 23.</ref>

[[File:Dia5246 Shiv Kumar Sharma.jpg|upright=1.0|thumb|left|[[Shivkumar Sharma]] performing on [[santoor]], an instrument he pioneered in Indian classical music<ref>''World Music: The Rough Guide'', pp. 69, 73, 78.</ref>]]
The two Indian pieces "Love Scene" and "Crying" form another medley,{{sfn|Castleman|Podrazik|1976|p=69}} with the first track featuring Khan's call-and-response sarod parts.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=49}} Overdubbing was unprecedented in Indian music until this time,{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=49}} and Khan later said he was "thrilled" with the effect on "Love Scene", where the sarods "[play] to each other like two lovers in a romantic mood".{{sfn|Howlett|2014|p=8}} The piece resulted from Barham's suggestion that Khan play Mauj-Khamaj, a raga created by his grandfather, [[Allauddin Khan]].<ref name="Hurwitz" /> Described by Madinger and Easter as "aptly titled",{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=421}} "Crying" contains the mournful tones of a tar shehnai.<ref name="White/Musician p 56" />{{refn|group=nb|In 1981, Harrison used part of this recording of "Crying" at the end of "[[Save the World (George Harrison song)|Save the World]]",<ref name="White/Musician p 56" /> the closing song on his album ''[[Somewhere in England]]''.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=226}}}}

"Cowboy Music" is a [[Country and Western|country-and-western]] piece that Inglis likens to the incidental music typically heard in American [[Western (genre)|westerns]] from the 1940s.{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=17}} The performance includes steel guitar and contributions from the Remo Four, along with Reilly on harmonica.{{sfn|Howlett|2014|p=12}} Returning to the Indian style, "Fantasy Sequins" combines tar shehnai<ref name="White/Musician p 56" /> with harmonium, played by Desad,{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=207}} and bell-like percussion known as khas.{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=149}}{{refn|group=nb|According to author John Winn, "Fantasy Sequins" was the song being worked on when the BBC and Reuters crews filmed the 10 January session. Winn cites the line-up of musicians seen in the existing silent footage, and the fact that the visual images match the progression heard in the released song.{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=149}}}} This track segues into "On the Bed", although Madinger and Easter say that the correct title, as it appeared on early US copies of the album, should be "Glass Box", which is the name given instead to the Indian piece that follows it.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=422}}{{refn|group=nb|Madinger and Easter note that after viewing the ''Wonderwall'' film, it becomes "very apparent what the title of each track should be", given the context in which the two songs appear.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=422}} Although the order was correct on US copies, the latter mis-titled "Cowboy Music" as "Cowboy Museum" in the track listing.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=421}}<ref name="1968 LP credits">''Wonderwall Music'' LP ([[Apple Records|Apple]] ST 3350, 1968; produced by George Harrison).</ref>}} "On the Bed" opens with a piano riff from Harrison, which, in Leng's description, is complemented by "spacey steel guitar, and a fugue of flugelhorn countermelodies, added by Barham".{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=50}} The song includes backing from the Remo Four, and [[Big Jim Sullivan]] on bass.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=207}} Harrison overdubbed the sitar-like steel guitar part.<ref name="Hurwitz" />

[[File:PAUL HARMONIUM11.jpg|upright=0.9|thumb|right|An encased, three-octave Indian harmonium]]
"Glass Box" is "a high-speed Indian [[raga]]", according to Spizer,{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=207}} with Indranil Bhattacharya on sitar.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|p=182}} Everett describes "Wonderwall to Be Here" as a tune "based on a [[Minor mode|minor-mode]] I-{{music|flat}}VII-{{music|flat}}VI-V progression, styled like [[Liberace|Liberacian]] variations on '[[While My Guitar Gently Weeps]]'".{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=152}} The performance is led by Ashton, on piano,{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=50}} and also includes instrumentation such as organ, acoustic guitar, drums and percussion.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=207}} Leng views the piece as the soundtrack's "best collective work", adding: "This moving music was a close fit with the scene it covered – a mute passage in which the implied lust of the aging academic turns to compassion for Jane Birkin['s character], whose suicide attempt he witnesses ... Harrison's melody was strongly empathetic to the first appearance of human feeling in the film."{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=50}}

The album closes with "Singing Om", in which a male Indian voice chants the sacred term [[Om]]{{sfn|Allison|2006|p=122}} over a musical backing of harmonium{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=305}} and bansuri.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=207}} The piece is an early example of Harrison blending [[Vedic]] chanting with Western harmony,{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=50}} a concept that he explored further in his [[The Radha Krsna Temple (album)|1969–70 productions]] for the [[Radha Krishna Temple]], and also in his post-Beatles songs such as "[[My Sweet Lord]]" and "[[Awaiting on You All]]".{{sfn|Allison|2006|pp=122, 143, 144}}

==Film premiere and aftermath==
Harrison attended the world premiere of ''Wonderwall'', held at the [[Cannes Film Festival]] on 17 May 1968,{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=298}} accompanied by his wife [[Pattie Boyd]],<ref>"Timeline: May 16 – June 19, 1968", in ''Mojo Special Limited Edition: 1000 Days of Revolution'', p. 32.</ref> Starr{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=146}} and Birkin.<ref name="Clayson/OffTheWall" /> Although he had expected the film's producers to purchase the soundtrack rights and issue the album independently, they declined to do so,{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=9}} leading Massot to suggest that Harrison release it on the Beatles' new label, [[Apple Records]].{{sfn|Spizer|2005|pp=205-206}} ''Wonderwall Music'' therefore became Apple's first album release,{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=9}} as well as the first solo album by a member of the Beatles.{{sfn|Ingham|2006|p=154}}

Inglis writes that Massot was impressed with "the accuracy with which [Harrison's music] illustrated and enhanced the images on screen".{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=17}} Massot asked Harrison to provide the soundtrack for a new film he had written, ''[[Zachariah (film)|Zachariah]]'',{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}} a western that was eventually made by director [[George Englund]] and released in 1970.<ref>Clarke Fountain, [https://web.archive.org/web/20140414075640/http://www.allmovie.com/movie/zachariah-v56102 "''Zachariah'' (1970)"], [[AllMovie]] (archived version retrieved 13 May 2017).</ref>{{refn|group=nb|According to Massot, he wrote ''Zachariah'' after joining Harrison in Rishikesh and witnessing him engaged in "some sort of meditation duel with Lennon to see who was the stronger character".<ref>Joe Massot, "Identity Crisis", ''[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]'', October 1996, p. 146.</ref>}} Although Harrison declined, he later supplied incidental music for ''[[Little Malcolm]]'' (1974),{{sfn|Simmons|2011|p=85}} a film he produced under the aegis of [[Apple Films]],{{sfn|Badman|2001|pp=90, 150}} before going on to contribute to soundtracks for his [[HandMade Films]] productions in the 1980s, including ''[[Time Bandits]]'' and ''[[Shanghai Surprise]]''.{{sfn|Inglis|2010|pp=83, 86}}

Together with "The Inner Light", the ''Wonderwall'' project marked the end of Harrison's overtly Indian musical phase.<ref name="Snow/Mojo" />{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=95, 111, 115}}{{sfn|Inglis|2010|pp=11-12}} After filming his scenes for the Shankar documentary ''[[Raga (film)|Raga]]'' in Los Angeles, in June 1968,{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=300}} he decided to abandon his sitar studies and return to his first instrument, the guitar.{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=184-85}}{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=36}} In an interview to promote his Apple signing [[Jackie Lomax]], in September, Harrison said that, although ''Wonderwall Music'' represented a style of music he had moved on from in recent months, "I still like [the album]. I still think it's very good."<ref>Alan Smith, "George Is a Rocker Again!", ''[[NME]]'', 21 September 1968, p. 3.</ref> He later cited the Bombay sessions for ''Wonderwall'' as the inspiration for his 1974 collaborations with Shankar{{sfn|Harrison|2011|p=302}} – namely, the [[Ravi Shankar's Music Festival from India|Music Festival from India]] and their subsequent [[George Harrison–Ravi Shankar 1974 North American Tour|North American tour]].{{sfn|Lavezzoli|2006|pp=195-96}} Both of these projects featured Indian musicians that Harrison first worked with in January 1968.{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=48fn}}

==Album artwork==
{{quote box|quote= Well I remember that wall, that brick ... Bob Gill and I never quite recovered our compatibility but the brick did have to go. Were we right? Yes.<ref name="Taylor/Wonderwall CD" />|source= – [[Derek Taylor]], recalling difficulties with artist [[Bob Gill (artist)|Bob Gill]] over Harrison's alteration to his cover design|width=25%|align=left|style=padding:8px;}}
Apple commissioned American artist [[Bob Gill (artist)|Bob Gill]] to produce a painting for the front cover of ''Wonderwall Music''. Gill recalls that he first attended a meeting at the company's headquarters, where the four Beatles emphasised the importance of the album for their new record label and outlined the concept behind the film.<ref name="Hurwitz" /> Gill painted a picture in the style of Belgian [[surrealist]] [[René Magritte]], showing a formally dressed man "separated by a huge red brick wall from a group of happy bathing Indian maidens", Spizer writes.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|pp=205-207}} Apple executive [[Derek Taylor]], whom Harrison had invited to help run the Beatles' label in early 1968,{{sfn|Doggett|2011|p=31}} later wrote of Gill's submission: "It was a nice painting but missed the essence of hope."<ref name="Taylor/Wonderwall CD" /> To Gill's chagrin, Harrison requested that a brick be removed from the wall, because he deemed it important to "give the fellow on the other side a chance, just as the Jack MacGowran character had a chance [in the film]".<ref name="Taylor/Wonderwall CD">Derek Taylor's liner notes, ''Wonderwall Music'' CD ([[Apple Records]]/[[EMI]], 1992; produced by George Harrison).</ref>

[[File:Back cover of George Harrison's 1968 album Wonderwall Music.jpg|160px|thumb|right|upright|Back cover of ''Wonderwall Music'', showing a portion of the [[Berlin Wall]]]]
Along with Gill, John Kelly and [[Alan Aldridge]] were credited for designing the album's artwork.{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=393}} For the back cover of the LP, Harrison chose a photo of part of the [[Berlin Wall]] – a stock image from the Camera Press picture agency – which Kelly and Aldridge then manipulated and mirrored to represent a corner.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=207}} Taylor describes the result as innovative for its time, with the wall made to look "proud and sharp as the prow of a liner".<ref name="Taylor/Wonderwall CD" /> The sleeve was designed so that the rear face appeared upside down relative to the front.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=207}} In America, some copies of the LP had the Berlin Wall image mistakenly printed on the front, which made for "a less than exciting cover to be sure", in Madinger and Easter's opinion.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}}

The LP's sleeve insert included a black-and-white photograph of Harrison taken by [[Astrid Kirchherr]],{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=9}} a friend since the Beatles' [[The Beatles in Hamburg|first residency in Hamburg, Germany]], in 1960.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=76-77, 238}} Clayson cites Kirchherr's involvement as an example of Harrison's efforts to ensure that friends from the Beatles' pre-fame years were included in the Apple enterprise.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=237-38}}

==Release==
Apple Records originally scheduled the release for late August 1968 to coincide with the label's launch,{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=205}} which was marked by the highly publicised release of its "First Four" singles.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=110-111}}{{refn|group=nb|In addition to "[[Hey Jude]]" by the Beatles, these four singles included Lomax's debut, "[[Sour Milk Sea]]", written and produced by Harrison.{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=307}}{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=110}}}} As a result, parts of "Ski-ing", "Cowboy Music" and "Wonderwall to Be Here" were included in ''Apple'', a ten-minute film{{sfn|Winn|2009|pp=177-78}} designed to promote the new label at distributor EMI's international sales conferences.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}} Delayed from this scheduled date, ''Wonderwall Music'' instead appeared in November, a few weeks before ''[[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]''.{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=9}} The release date was 1 November 1968 in Britain (with Apple catalogue number SAPCOR 1),{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=152}}, and 2 December in America (as Apple ST 3350).{{sfn|Castleman|Podrazik|1976|p=68}} The mono version of the album was available only in the UK.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=205}}

Promotion for ''Wonderwall Music'' consisted of print advertising,{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=9}} including a full-page advertisement in the 14 December issue of ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=_kQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA17 Apple trade ad], ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'', 14 December 1968, p. 17.</ref> and an Apple-prepared poster that superimposed details from Gill's painting onto a photo of Harrison.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|pp=204-205}} The album's commercial impact was lessened by its unusual position of being the soundtrack to a film that had yet to receive a general release.{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=234}}{{refn|group=nb|Following the Cannes festival, the producers were unable to secure wide distribution for the film,<ref name="Fritsche/Huff" /> which had a brief cinema run in London{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=234}} after opening at the CineCenta in [[Leicester Square]] in January 1969.{{sfn|Miles|2001|p=329}} In America, ''Wonderwall'' was screened publicly for the first time at a 1960s film festival in Hollywood in June 1999.{{sfn|Tillery|2011|p=167}}}} The album failed to chart in the United Kingdom,{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=9}} but performed surprisingly well in the United States.<ref name="Clayson/OffTheWall" /><ref name="Lewis/First Place" /> On ''Billboard''{{'}}s pop LPs listings, it had a sixteen-week chart run,{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=133}} peaking at number 49 for two weeks in March 1969.{{sfn|Castleman|Podrazik|1976|p=360}} On the US ''[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cash Box]]'' and ''[[Record World]]'' charts, the album peaked at numbers 39 and 33, respectively.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=206}} ''Wonderwall Music'' also placed in the top 30 on Canada's ''[[RPM (magazine)|RPM]]'' albums chart<ref name="RPM">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131231003433/http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.5907&type=1&interval=20&PHPSESSID=tflvluuu3gmgse7n7epkm834m4 "''RPM'' Top 50 Albums, 24 February 1969"], [[Library and Archives Canada]] (archived version retrieved 22 February 2017).</ref> and in West Germany, where it peaked at number 22.<ref name="MediaControl">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140714181543/http://www.officialcharts.de/album.asp?artist=George+Harrison&title=Wonderwall+Music&cat=a&country=de "Album – George Harrison, Wonderwall Music"], charts.de (archived version retrieved 14 July 2014).</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130716054334/http://www.charts-surfer.de/musiksuche.php "Musik-Charts durchsuchen" > ''Enter album name; select "Deutsche Album-charts"''], Charts Surfer (archived version retrieved 4 March 2017).</ref>

===Reissues===
Having been out of print since the 1970s,{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=111, 212}} ''Wonderwall Music'' was remastered and issued on CD in June 1992,{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|pp=420, 633}} as part of Apple's campaign to reissue its entire catalogue.{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=481}} The CD booklet contained [[liner notes]] by Taylor,<ref name="Lewis/First Place" /> as well as stills from ''Wonderwall'' and a photo of Harrison working with some of the Indian musicians in 1968.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|pp=420, 422}}

In November 1997, Massot began preparing a [[director's cut]] of ''Wonderwall'', which omitted many of the musical cues that had appeared in the original film but not on the soundtrack album, and instead repeated tracks such as "Ski-ing" and "Cowboy Music" at different points in the film.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}} Harrison supplied Massot with a tape containing various pieces recorded for ''Wonderwall'',{{sfn|Harry|2003|p=237}} which led to the unearthing of the Remo Four's "In the First Place".{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}} A Manley–Ashton composition,{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=143}} "In the First Place" was released as a single in January 1999 with Harrison credited as producer, after Massot had incorporated the song into his new audio for the film.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=420}} Harrison had played on the recording,<ref name="Harry/ColinManley">Bill Harry, [https://web.archive.org/web/20130127085924/http://www.triumphpc.com/mersey-beat/a-z/colinmanley.shtml "Colin Manley"], triumphpc.com/[[Mersey Beat]] (archived version retrieved 30 June 2014).</ref> but according to an article by [[Martin Lewis (humorist)|Martin Lewis]], he eschewed any credit as a performer.<ref name="Lewis/First Place">Martin Lewis, [https://web.archive.org/web/20120716185242/http://abbeyrd.best.vwh.net/wonderwall.htm "The Story of 'In the First Place'"], Abbeyrd's Beatle Page (archived version from 16 July 2012; retrieved 30 May 2017).</ref> In March 2014, Harrison's full soundtrack was made available on [[DVD]] when the original cut of the film was included in the two-disc set ''Wonderwall Collector's Edition''.<ref>[http://abcnewsradioonline.com/music-news/2014/2/17/collectors-edition-of-wonderwall-1968-film-scored-by-george.html "Collector's Edition of 'Wonderwall,' 1968 Film Scored by George Harrison, to Be Released on DVD & Blu-ray"], [[ABC News Radio]], 17 February 2014 (archived version retrieved 27 December 2017).</ref><ref>Glenn Erickson, [https://web.archive.org/web/20140726130619/http://www.dvdtalk.com/dvdsavant/s4379wond.html "Savant Blu-ray Review: Wonderwall"], ''[[DVD Talk]]'', 2 April 2014 (archived version retrieved 29 May 2017).</ref>{{refn|group=nb|Portions of "Ski-ing" and "Party Seacombe" appear in [[Martin Scorsese]]'s 2011 documentary ''[[George Harrison: Living in the Material World]]'',<ref>End credits, ''George Harrison: Living in the Material World'', Disc 2.</ref> during which Clapton and Birkin discuss their participation in the project.<ref>Eric Clapton and Jane Birkin interviews, in ''George Harrison: Living in the Material World'', Disc 1; event occurs between 1.20.46 and 1.22.37.</ref>}}

The album was remastered again and reissued in September 2014, as part of the Harrison box set ''[[The Apple Years 1968–75]]''.<ref name="Snow/Mojo" /><ref name="Marchese/Review">Joe Marchese, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160404105656/http://theseconddisc.com/2014/09/23/review-the-george-harrison-remasters-the-apple-years-1968-1975/ "Review: The George Harrison Remasters – 'The Apple Years 1968–1975'"], ''The Second Disc'', 23 September 2014 (archived version retrieved 4 April 2016).</ref> The CD booklet includes a liner-note essay by author Kevin Howlett and an introduction by British Indian composer [[Nitin Sawhney]].<ref name="AppleYears/GH.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20140903094458/http://www.georgeharrison.com/the-apple-years-68-75-boxset-coming-soon/ "Announcing The Apple Years 1968–75 Box set – Released 22nd September"], georgeharrison.com, 2 September 2014 (archived version retrieved 29 September 2014).</ref> The reissue added three bonus tracks: the previously unreleased "Almost Shankara", titled after an epithet for the Hindu deity [[Shiva]] and based on a traditional Indian raga;{{sfn|Howlett|2014|p=10}} an alternate instrumental take of "The Inner Light", which opens with Harrison's instructions to the musicians at His Master's Voice;<ref name="DeRiso/SomethingElse">Nick DeRiso, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170626052913/http://somethingelsereviews.com/2014/09/19/one-track-mind-george-harrison-the-inner-light-alternative-take-from-the-apple-years-2014/ "One Track Mind: George Harrison, 'The Inner Light (alt. take)' from ''The Apple Years'' (2014)"], ''Something Else!'', 19 September 2014 (archived version retrieved 26 June 2017).</ref> and "In the First Place" by the Remo Four".<ref name="Grow/RSonline">Kory Grow, [https://web.archive.org/web/20171023120321/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/george-harrisons-first-six-studio-albums-to-get-lavish-reissues-20140902 "George Harrison's First Six Studio Albums to Get Lavish Reissues"], [[Rolling Stone|rollingstone.com]], 2 September 2014 (archived version retrieved 23 October 2017).</ref><ref>Joe Marchese, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210203212957/https://theseconddisc.com/2014/09/02/give-me-love-george-harrisons-apple-years-are-collected-on-new-box-set/ "Give Me Love: George Harrison's 'Apple Years' Are Collected on New Box Set"], ''The Second Disc'', 2 September 2014 (archived version retrieved 3 February 2021).</ref> The reissue series was overseen by Harrison's son [[Dhani Harrison|Dhani]],<ref name="AppleYears/GH.com" /> also a film-score composer.<ref name="Fricke/RS" /> In an interview with music journalist [[David Fricke]], he described ''Wonderwall Music'' as his personal favourite of his father's Apple solo albums and "a cross of [[Spaghetti Western|spaghetti-western]] music, the ''[[Chants of India]]'' things my Dad [did] with Ravi, and the Beatles' best freakouts".<ref name="Fricke/RS">David Fricke, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170621050200/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/inside-george-harrisons-archives-dhani-on-his-fathers-incredible-vaults-20141016 "Inside George Harrison's Archives: Dhani on His Father's Incredible Vaults"], [[Rolling Stone|rollingstone.com]], 16 October 2014 (archived version retrieved 21 June 2017).</ref> Coinciding with this reissue, the ''Wonderwall'' film and soundtrack was the subject of an event held at the [[Grammy Museum at L.A. Live|Grammy Museum]] in Los Angeles, partly hosted by music journalist and television writer [[David Wild]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190530103801/https://www.grammymuseum.org/events/detail/reel-to-reel-wonderwall-wonderwall-music "Reel to Reel: Wonderwall & Wonderwall Music"], [[Grammy Museum|grammymuseum.org]], September 2014 (archived version retrieved 30 May 2019).</ref>

==Critical reception==

===Contemporary reviews===
''Record World''{{'}}s reviewer said that ''Wonderwall Music'' was an example of the Beatles beginning to "stretch out on their own separate tethers" and described the mix of Indian and Western music as "moody and pretty".<ref>"Album Reviews", ''[[Record World]]'', 21 December 1968, p. 10.</ref> According to Clayson, ''[[Films and Filming]]'' gave it a "glowing review".<ref name="Clayson/OffTheWall">Alan Clayson, "Off the Wall", in ''Mojo Special Limited Edition: 1000 Days of Revolution'', p. 50.</ref> The magazine's writer, Gordon Gow,<ref name="Taylor/Wonderwall CD" /> said that "the Harrison music replaces dialogue, waxing almost vocal like a cinema organist from the silent days."{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=235, 477}} In his review for ''[[International Times]]'', [[Barry Miles]] wrote:
<blockquote>A genius description and interpretation of how someone else is feeling. Their moods, loves, wants. A delicate light cobweb of music, Indian, Chinese, French Impressionist, Jingle-jangle piano, hot horn. The music of the '20s occurs throughout in evocative snatches … Like [[Spike Jones and his City Slickers]], only seen through the curtains of memories, parts of themes, incomplete lines. Then a '60s theme, a moving pattern of colours, bobbing the lilies on the pond.<ref name="Miles/IT" /></blockquote>

Miles concluded by describing it as a "gentle human record".<ref name="Miles/IT">Barry Miles, "Magic Music, Nova Music, & Pink ...", ''[[International Times]]'', 15–28 November 1968, p. 5.</ref> By contrast, ''[[Melody Maker]]''{{'}}s review read: "Heavily Indian-influenced music written, arranged and produced by George for the film. Much of the music fails to have much point away from the pictures."<ref name="Dale/Uncut UMG" /><ref>"Melody Maker LP Supplement", ''[[Melody Maker]]'', 14 December 1968, p. 18.</ref>

Writing in February 1969, [[Geoffrey Cannon]] of ''[[The Guardian]]'' cited ''Wonderwall Music'' and recent individual projects by Lennon and McCartney for Apple as evidence that the three bandmates had "musical ideas which cannot be related to the Beatles". He added: "Playing these albums again and again, the threat of the Beatles' dissolution has become increasingly apparent to me."<ref>Geoffrey Cannon, "The Beatles: Too Big for the Band?", ''[[The Guardian]]'', 25 February 1969; available at [http://www.rocksbackpages.com/Library/Article/the-beatles-too-big-for-the-band Rock's Backpages] (subscription required).</ref> In his review of Harrison's 1969 experimental album, ''[[Electronic Sound]]'', [[Ed Ward (writer)|Ed Ward]] of ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' said that ''Wonderwall Music'' "clearly shows" Harrison to be a "consummate musician".<ref>Edmund O. Ward, "John Lennon & Yoko Ono ''Life with the Lions'' / George Harrison ''Electronic Sound''", ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', 9 August 1969, p. 37.</ref>

===Retrospective assessment===

====Professional reviews====
{{Album reviews
|rev1 = [[AllMusic]]
|rev1score = {{Rating|2.5|5}}<ref name="Ginell/AM">Richard S. Ginell, [https://web.archive.org/web/20140914124644/http://www.allmusic.com/album/wonderwall-music-mw0000676515 "George Harrison ''Wonderwall Music''"], [[AllMusic]] (archived version retrieved 14 September 2014).</ref>
|rev2 = ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''
|rev2score = "Vital Reissue"<ref name="BB review">Melinda Newman, Chris Morris & Edward Morris (eds), [https://web.archive.org/web/20170324043716/https://books.google.com/books?hl=pt-BR&id=lxAEAAAAMBAJ&q=harrison#v=snippet&q=harrison&f=false "Album Reviews"], ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'', 18 July 1992, p. 48 (archived version retrieved 24 March 2017).</ref>
|rev3 = ''[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]''
|rev3score = {{Rating|3|5}}<ref name="Harris/Mojo">John Harris, "Beware of Darkness", ''[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]'', November 2011, p. 82.</ref>
|rev4 = ''[[MusicHound|MusicHound Rock]]''
|rev4score = {{rating|2|5}}{{sfn|Graff|Durchholz|1999|p=529}}
| rev6 = ''[[:it:Claudio Fabretti|OndaRock]]''
| rev6score = 5/10<ref>Gabriele Gambardella, [https://www.ondarock.it/songwriter/georgeharrison.htm#google_vignette "George Harrison: Il Mantra del Rock"], ''[[:it:Claudio Fabretti|OndaRock]]'' (retrieved 24 September 2021).</ref>
|rev7 = ''[[The Rolling Stone Album Guide]]''
|rev7score = {{Rating|2.5|5}}{{sfn|Brackett|Hoard|2004|p=367}}
|rev8 = ''[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]''
|rev8score = {{Rating|3|5}}<ref name="Uncut">Nigel Williamson, "All Things Must Pass: George Harrison's post-Beatles solo albums", ''[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]'', February 2002, p. 60.</ref>
}}
''[[Musician (magazine)|Musician]]'' said of the 1992 CD release: "Of all the Beatles-related esoterica, this 1968 soundtrack album is one of the choicest treasures ... a freewheeling tapestry of music and sound ... [and] a pastiche-like head trip with a mind all its own."<ref name="Musician WM review">"Review: George Harrison ''Wonderwall Music'' CD", ''[[Musician (magazine)|Musician]]'', December 1992, p. 98.</ref> ''Billboard''{{'}}s reviewer rated it a "Vital Reissue" (signifying a re-release or compilation that merits "special artistic, archival, and commercial interest") and described the album as an "often enchanting sequence of 19 harmonious themes and tone poems" and an "intriguing treat".<ref name="BB review" />

Writing for ''Rolling Stone'' in 2002, [[Mikal Gilmore]] described ''Wonderwall Music'' as "a soundtrack to a rarely seen film, though Harrison's music was inventive and the album remains among his best works".{{sfn|The Editors of ''Rolling Stone''|2002|p=39}} In the 2004 edition of ''[[The Rolling Stone Album Guide]]'', however, Mac Randall gave the release two-and-a-half stars (out of five) and grouped it with ''Electronic Sound'' as being "interesting, though only for established fans".{{sfn|Brackett|Hoard|2004|p=367}} In a 2011 assessment for ''[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]'', [[John Harris (critic)|John Harris]] said it was "As subtly inventive as you'd expect, though hardly compulsory."<ref name="Harris/Mojo" />{{refn|group=nb|''Rolling Stone'' included the album in its 2015 list titled "20 Terrible Debut Albums by Great Artists". Keith Harris said that the Indian selections "reduced a complex tradition to a collection of hip background sounds" and he concluded: "The best thing you can say about ''Wonderwall Music'' is that it's probably more historically significant than the LP of experimental twaddle John Lennon released a month later [''[[Two Virgins]]'']."<ref>Keith Harris, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170527211725/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/20-terrible-debut-albums-by-great-artists-20151118/george-harrison-wonderwall-music-1968-20151116 "20 Terrible Debut Albums by Great Artists" > "George Harrison, 'Wonderwall Music' (1968)"], [[Rolling Stone|rollingstone.com]], 18 November 2015 (archived version retrieved 27 May 2017).</ref>}}

{{quote box|quote= [As] a whole, it's a fascinating if musically slender mishmash of sounds from East and West, everything casually juxtaposed or superimposed without a care in the world ... As this and Harrison's second experimental release, ''Electronic Sound'', undoubtedly proved, pigeonholing this Beatle was a dangerous thing.<ref name="Taylor/Wonderwall CD" />|source= – [[AllMusic]] critic Richard Ginell|width=25%|align=left|style=padding:8px;}}
In January 2012, Bryan Bierman of ''[[Magnet (magazine)|Magnet]]'' presented ''Wonderwall Music'' in the magazine's "Hidden Gems" series, lamenting that "the album has become an obscure piece of Beatles trivia instead of what it is: a fascinating experiment from one of popular music's most interesting figures." Bierman wrote that, while the Beatles held a familiar role as pioneers in rock music's new developments, the album showed Harrison breaking away and "creating fresh and unique sounds" of his own.<ref name="Bierman/Magnet">Bryan Bierman, [https://web.archive.org/web/20141129020638/http://www.magnetmagazine.com/2012/01/05/hidden-gems-george-harrisons-wonderwall-music/#more-120818 "Hidden Gems: George Harrison's 'Wonderwall Music'"], ''[[Magnet (magazine)|Magnet]]'', 5 January 2012 (archived version retrieved 25 May 2017).</ref> In February 2011, the website ''[[Death and Taxes (website)|Death and Taxes]]'' similarly identified the album as one of Harrison's two "Forgotten Solo Gems", along with ''Electronic Sound''.<ref name="Pangburn/D&T" />{{refn|group=nb|Among the highlights, D.J. Pangburn cited "Red Lady Too" as indicative that Harrison was "every bit the psychedelic equal of Lennon", and "Drilling a Home" as revealing him to be "an astute musicologist and modern-day interpreter, surpassing even McCartney". Pangburn said that "Greasy Legs" could equally belong in a [[Wes Anderson]] film or on an album by [[Boards of Canada]].<ref name="Pangburn/D&T" />}}

Reviewing the 2014 ''Apple Years'' remaster for ''[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]'', [[Richard Williams (journalist)|Richard Williams]] writes that ''Wonderwall Music'' represents "an exploded diagram of a Beatles album", which includes "[d]reamy miniature ragas", "a pub knees-up gatecrashed by a [[Dixieland]] band ('Drilling A Home')" and "the bones of early [[Acid rock|acid-rock]] songs ('Red Lady Too' and 'Party Seacombe')". Williams describes the album as "a treat from start to finish" offering "an innocent optimism that will always be worth a listen".<ref name="Williams/Uncut">Richard Williams, "George Harrison ''The Apple Years 1968–75''", ''[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]'', November 2014, p. 93.</ref> ''[[New Zealand Herald]]'' critic [[Graham Reid (journalist)|Graham Reid]] considers "Dream Scene" to be "by far the most psychedelic and out-there piece by any Beatle to that time", adding that "towards the end you can almost anticipate Lennon's Revolution 9 coming in." Reid describes the album as, variously, "peculiar and terrific" and "one of the most interesting and courageously different of [Harrison's] solo albums".<ref>Graham Reid, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210217030312/https://www.elsewhere.co.nz/absoluteelsewhere/6583/george-harrison-revisited-part-one-2014-the-dark-horse-bolting-out-of-the-gate/ "George Harrison Revisited, Part One (2014): The dark horse bolting out of the gate"], ''[[Elsewhere (website)|Elsewhere]]'', 24 October 2014 (archived version retrieved 17 February 2021).</ref> In a review for ''Uncut''{{'}}s ''Ultimate Music Guide'' issue on Harrison, Jon Dale describes ''Wonderwall Music'' as "a beguiling, charming snapshot of a moment in time". He says that, in response to the soundtrack restrictions, Harrison skilfully abbreviates the Indian raga form, "somehow capturing an essence, and condensing it to the fleeting, the elemental", while similarly presenting Western experimentalism "cloaked in a velvet glove".<ref name="Dale/Uncut UMG" />
{{clear}}

====Biographers' appraisal====
Author Robert Rodriguez writes that, although the brevity of each selection allowed little opportunity for progression beyond a basic motif, "sonically, the range explored even within the Western cues was astonishing". He adds: "The Indian cuts too were quite varied stylistically, showing open-minded listeners that there was more to the country's music than twanging sitars and thumping tablas."{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|p=9}} Simon Leng considers ''Wonderwall Music'' to be "a companion in spirit" to [[Bill Evans]]' ''[[Conversations with Myself (album)|Conversations with Myself]]'', due to the doubling of the lead instrument in some of the Indian pieces; he comments on the significance of Harrison recording in India in January 1968: "There were now three Beatles who held firm artistic visions. The group was unraveling in earnest."{{sfn|Leng|2006|pp=33, 49}} Leng praises "Dream Scene" in particular, describing it as a "musical acid trip" that "rivals anything on ''Sgt. Pepper'' for sheer freak-out effect".{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=50}}

Ian Inglis views ''Wonderwall Music'' as "an assured and varied collection of music that ... perfectly complemented the juxtaposition of the exotic and the ordinary that Massot's film depicted". Among the selections he highlights as transcending their soundtrack role, Inglis describes "Microbes" as "a beautiful example of Harrison's ability to create forlorn, mournful, yearning soundscapes" and "Greasy Legs" as "a delicate and charming composition".{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=17}} Inglis concludes of Harrison's debut solo album: "it provides a fascinating summary of the myriad patterns of musical activity whose fusions stimulated the growth of psychedelic, underground, and progressive scenes in the late 1960s, and it is a key moment in the development of his preparations for life after the Beatles."{{sfn|Inglis|2010|p=18}}

==Cultural influence and legacy==
According to Dale, as the first solo release by a member of the band, ''Wonderwall Music'' is widely viewed as "the [[Marco Polo]] of Beatle solo albums", yet its true historical significance lies in its standing as "one of the first records to really bring Indian classical music into pop and rock, across the entire narrative of an album".<ref name="Dale/Uncut UMG" /> Shambhu Das, who subsequently became a teacher and ambassador of Indian music in Canada, recognises the album as having helped inspire [[Indo jazz|Indo–jazz fusion]].<ref>Geoffrey Clarfield, [https://web.archive.org/web/20180331172724/http://www.shambhudas.com/image/shambhu_latest.jpg "A Maharaja of Music"], ''[[National Post]]'', 15 November 2010, p. A12 (archived version retrieved).</ref> American film-score composer [[Quincy Jones]] once described it as "the greatest soundtrack he had heard", according to Massot's recollection to [[BBC Radio]] presenter [[Spencer Leigh (radio presenter)|Spencer Leigh]].<ref>Spencer Leigh, [https://web.archive.org/web/20140715145407/http://www.britishbeatlesfanclub.co.uk/2011/12/harrison-exclusive-tribute.html "Talking George Harrison"], britishbeatlesfanclub.co.uk, 29 December 2011 (archived version retrieved 15 July 2014).</ref>{{refn|group=nb|For his part, Harrison was dismissive of the Western music on the album; in the 1980s he referred to it as "loads of horrible mellotron stuff and a police siren".{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=234-35}}}}

Leng credits ''Wonderwall Music'' with having established Harrison as "a pioneer in fusing global music",{{sfn|Leng|2006|p=51}} and Madinger and Easter similarly view it as "an early example of what would eventually become known as '[[World Music]]': the mixing of Western music with other types from around the globe".{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=419}} In his book ''The Dawn of Indian Music in the West'', Peter Lavezzoli describes the album as "a charming potpourri of Indian and Western sounds"; he considers Harrison to be a principal figure in the introduction of Indian music to Western audiences, along with [[Yehudi Menuhin]] and [[John Coltrane]], and groups him with [[Paul Simon]], [[Peter Gabriel]] and [[Mickey Hart]] as the rock musicians most responsible for popularising world music.<ref>Lavezzoli, pp. 81, 172–73, 182.</ref> Writing for ''Mojo'' in 2011, Michael Simmons described ''Wonderwall Music'' as a "groundbreaking blend of Bombay and London",{{sfn|Simmons|2011|p=80}} while Kevin Howlett comments in his 2014 liner-note essay that Harrison's decision to "travel to the source" and professionally record non-Western music was "unprecedented for a pop musician".{{sfn|Howlett|2014|p=8}} Graeme Thomson, writing in ''[[The Guardian]]'' in March 2017, called ''Wonderwall Music'' "a world music crossover before such a notion even existed".<ref name="Thomson/Guardian" />

Clayson says that the album's influence was evident on mid-1990s [[Britpop]] acts such as [[Oasis (band)|Oasis]], [[Supergrass]] and [[Ocean Colour Scene]].{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=438-39}} Of these bands, Oasis took the title of their international hit "[[Wonderwall (song)|Wonderwall]]" from that of Harrison's album.<ref>Bennett & Stratton, pp. 118, 146; Michael Gallucci, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170603103633/http://ultimateclassicrock.com/george-harrison-apple-years-box/ "George Harrison, 'The Apple Years 1968–75' – Album Review"], ''[[Ultimate Classic Rock]]'', 19 September 2014 (archived version retrieved 3 June 2017); Timothy White, [https://books.google.com/books?id=TA8EAAAAMBAJ&q=%22Wonderwall+Music%22&pg=PA89 "Magical History Tour: Harrison Previews 'Anthology Volume 2'"], ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'', 9 March 1996, p. 89 (retrieved 2 September 2015).</ref>{{refn|group=nb|In a 2001 interview, Massot said that his decision to re-release ''Wonderwall'' in the late 1990s was due to the interest generated through Oasis' hit song.<ref>Graham Reid, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170423084646/https://www.elsewhere.co.nz/film/3852/joe-massot-interviewed-2001-and-after-all-youre-my-wonderwall/ "JOE MASSOT INTERVIEWED (2001): And after all, you're my wonder wall …"], ''[[Elsewhere (website)|Elsewhere]]'', 14 February 2011 (archived version retrieved 13 May 2017).</ref>}} Like Clayson,{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=439}} music journalist Chris Ingham sees the most obvious example of ''Wonderwall Music''{{'}}s legacy in the [[raga rock]] sound of [[Kula Shaker]],{{sfn|Ingham|2006|p=162}} who also adopted lyrical influences from Harrison's work.<ref>Stephen Thomas Erlewine, [https://web.archive.org/web/20140814010104/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/kula-shaker-mn0000776408/biography "Kula Shaker"], [[AllMusic]] (archived version retrieved 14 August 2014).</ref><ref>Tracey Pepper, [https://web.archive.org/web/20141129030211/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,294690,00.html "''K'' (1996), Kula Shaker"], ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', 25 October 1996 (archived version retrieved 29 November 2014).</ref> The band's 1996 single "[[Govinda (Kula Shaker song)|Govinda]]" was a cover of a Harrison-produced song by the Radha Krishna Temple, and its B-side, "Gokula", used an identical guitar riff to the one on "Ski-ing",{{sfn|Clayson|2003|p=439}} resulting in a co-writing credit for Harrison.<ref>B-side label credits, "Govinda" single ([[Columbia Records]], 1996; produced by Shep & Dodge).</ref> [[Crispian Mills]] reflected: "He allowed us a co-write for a piece of music he’d written with [Eric] Clapton for the Wonderwall soundtrack. We were playing this riff, and turned it into a song. Everyone said we wouldn’t get permission because it was hallowed ground. We wrote to him, and he said: ‘Yeah, it’s cool. It’s Eric’s riff anyway.’ We got it, and were thrilled. We have got a co-write with George, which is awesome.”<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.popmatters.com/kula-shaker-interview-2026 | title=Kula Shaker Reflect on a Career Following Sanskrit | date=4 February 2026 }}</ref>The track "Ski-ing" was used as a walk-on song for [[Liam Gallagher]] and [[John Squire]]'s [[Liam Gallagher_John Squire#Tour|2024 tour]].<ref>Richard Purden, [https://theedinburghreporter.co.uk/2024/03/review-liam-gallagher-and-john-squire/], ''The Edinburgh Reporter'', 14 March 2024</ref>

==Track listing==
All selections written by George Harrison, except where noted.

===Original release===
'''Side one'''
#"Microbes" – 3:42
#"Red Lady Too" – 1:56
#"Tabla and Pakavaj" – 1:05
#"In the Park" – 4:08
#"Drilling a Home" – 3:08
#"Guru Vandana" – 1:05
#"Greasy Legs" – 1:28
#"Ski-ing" – 1:50
#"Gat Kirwani" – 1:15
#"[[Dream Scene (song)|Dream Scene]]" – 5:26

'''Side two'''
#"Party Seacombe" – 4:34
#"Love Scene" – 4:17
#"Crying" – 1:15
#"Cowboy Music" – 1:29
#"Fantasy Sequins" – 1:50
#"On the Bed" – 2:22
#"Glass Box" – 1:05
#"Wonderwall to Be Here" – 1:25
#"Singing Om" – 1:54

===2014 reissue===
Track numbers 1 to 19 of the original release, with the following bonus tracks:

#<li value="20">"[[In the First Place]]" (Colin Manley, [[Tony Ashton]]; performed by [[the Remo Four]]) – 3:17</li>
#"Almost Shankara" – 5:00
#"[[The Inner Light (song)|The Inner Light]]" (alternate take, instrumental) – 3:43

==Personnel==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*[[George Harrison]] – piano, [[Mellotron]], electric and acoustic guitars, [[tape loop]]s, musical arrangements; vocals ("Dream Scene", "Singing Om")
*[[John Barham]] – piano, [[flugelhorn]], [[Pump organ|harmonium]], orchestral arrangement
*[[Tony Ashton]] – [[tack piano]], organ, Mellotron, piano, harmonium
*[[Remo Four (The)|Colin Manley]] – electric and acoustic guitars, [[steel guitar]]
*[[Remo Four (The)|Philip Rogers]] – bass guitar
*[[Roy Dyke]] – drums
*[[Tommy Reilly (harmonica player)|Tommy Reilly]] – [[harmonica]]
*[[Eric Clapton]] – electric guitar
*[[Ringo Starr]] – drums
*[[Big Jim Sullivan]] – bass
*[[Aashish Khan]] – [[sarod]]
*Mahapurush Misra – [[tabla]], [[pakhavaj]]
*Sharad Kumar – [[shehnai]]
*Hanuman Jadev – shehnai
*[[Shambhu Das]] – [[sitar]]
*Indranil Bhattacharya – sitar
*[[Shankar Ghosh (musician)|Shankar Ghosh]] – tabla
*Chandrashekhar Naringrekar – [[surbahar]]
*[[Shivkumar Sharma]] – [[santoor]]
*S.R. Kenkare – [[bansuri]]
*Vinayak Vora – [[tar shehnai]]
*[[Rijram Desad]] – harmonium, tabla tarang
{{div col end}}

==Charts==
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! scope="col"|Chart (1968–69)
! scope="col"|Position
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:left"|Canadian [[RPM (magazine)|''RPM'' Top 50 Albums]]<ref name="RPM" />
|39
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:left"|US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' Top LPs]]<ref>"Billboard Top LP's", ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'', 8 March 1969, p. 68.</ref>
|49
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:left"|US ''[[Cash Box (magazine)|Cash Box]]'' Top 100 Albums<ref>"Cash Box Top 100 Albums", ''[[Cash Box (magazine)|Cash Box]]'', 1 March 1969, p. 41.</ref>
|39
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:left"|US ''[[Record World]]'' Top LPs<ref>Andy Goberman (ed.), "100 Top LP's", ''[[Record World]]'', 1 March 1969, p. 27.</ref>
|33
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:left"|West German [[Musikmarkt|''Musikmarkt'' LP Hit-Parade]]<ref name="MediaControl" />
|22
|}

==See also==
* ''[[Raga (film)|Raga]]''
* ''[[Shankar Family & Friends]]''

==Notes==
{{reflist|30em|group=nb}}

==References==
{{reflist|20em}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation |first=Dale C. Jr. |last=Allison |author-link=Dale Allison |title=The Love There That's Sleeping: The Art and Spirituality of George Harrison |publisher=Continuum |location=New York, NY |date=2006 |isbn=978-0-8264-1917-0}}.
* {{citation |first=Keith |last=Badman |title=The Beatles Diary Volume 2: After the Break-Up 1970–2001 |publisher=Omnibus Press |location=London |date=2001 |isbn=0-7119-8307-0}}.
* {{citation |author=The Beatles |title=The Beatles Anthology|publisher=Chronicle Books |location=San Francisco, CA |date=2000 |isbn=0-8118-2684-8}}.
* {{citation |editor-first=Andy |editor-last=Bennett |editor2-first=Jon |editor2-last=Stratton |title=Britpop and the English Music Tradition |edition=Revised |publisher=Ashgate Publishing |location=Farnham, UK |date=2013 |isbn=978-1-4094-9407-2}}.
* {{citation |editor-first=Nathan |editor-last=Brackett |editor2-first=Christian |editor2-last=Hoard |title=The New Rolling Stone Album Guide |edition=4th |publisher=Fireside/Simon & Schuster |location=New York, NY |date=2004 |isbn=0-7432-0169-8}}.
* {{citation |first=Harry |last=Castleman |first2=Walter J. |last2=Podrazik |title=All Together Now: The First Complete Beatles Discography 1961–1975 |publisher=Ballantine Books |location=New York, NY |date=1976 |isbn=0-345-25680-8}}.
* {{citation |first=Alan |last=Clayson |author-link=Alan Clayson |title=George Harrison |publisher=Sanctuary |location=London |date=2003 |isbn=1-86074-489-3}}.
* {{citation |first=Peter |last=Doggett |author-link=Peter Doggett |title=You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup |publisher=It Books |location=New York, NY |date=2011 |isbn=978-0-06-177418-8}}.
* {{citation |author=((The Editors of ''Rolling Stone'')) |title=Harrison |publisher=Rolling Stone Press/Simon & Schuster |location=New York, NY |date=2002 |isbn=0-7432-3581-9}}.
* {{citation |first=Walter |last= Everett |author-link=Walter Everett (musicologist) |title=The Beatles as Musicians: Revolver Through the Anthology |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York, NY |date=1999 |isbn=0-19-509553-7}}.
* {{citation |editor-first=Gary |editor-last=Graff |editor-link=Gary Graff |editor2-first=Daniel |editor2-last=Durchholz |title=MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide |publisher=Visible Ink Press |location=Farmington Hills, MI |date=1999 |isbn=1-57859-061-2}}.
* {{citation |first=Joshua M. |last=Greene |title=Here Comes the Sun: The Spiritual and Musical Journey of George Harrison |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |location=Hoboken, NJ |date=2006 |isbn=978-0-470-12780-3}}.
* {{citation |first=Olivia |last=Harrison |author-link=Olivia Harrison |title=George Harrison: Living in the Material World |publisher=Abrams |location=New York, NY |date=2011 |isbn=978-1-4197-0220-4}}.
* {{citation |first=Bill |last=Harry |author-link=Bill Harry |title=The George Harrison Encyclopedia |publisher=Virgin Books |location=London |date=2003 |isbn=978-0-7535-0822-0}}.
* {{citation |first=Kevin |last=Howlett |chapter=Wonderwall Music |title=Wonderwall Music |medium=CD booklet |publisher=[[Apple Records]] |date=2014 |others=produced by George Harrison}}.
* {{citation |first=Chris |last=Ingham |title=The Rough Guide to the Beatles |edition=2 |publisher=Rough Guides/Penguin |location=London |date=2006 |isbn=978-1-84836-525-4}}.
* {{citation |first=Ian |last=Inglis |title=The Words and Music of George Harrison |publisher=Praeger |location=Santa Barbara, CA |date=2010 |isbn=978-0-313-37532-3}}.
* {{citation |first=Peter |last=Lavezzoli |title=The Dawn of Indian Music in the West |publisher=Continuum |location=New York, NY |date=2006 |isbn=0-8264-2819-3}}.
* {{citation |first=Simon |last=Leng |title=While My Guitar Gently Weeps: The Music of George Harrison |publisher=Hal Leonard |location=Milwaukee, WI |date=2006 |isbn=1-4234-0609-5}}.
* {{citation |first=Ian |last=MacDonald |author-link=Ian MacDonald |title=Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties |publisher=Pimlico |location=London |date=1998 |isbn=0-7126-6697-4}}.
* {{citation |first=Chip |last=Madinger |first2=Mark |last2=Easter |title=Eight Arms to Hold You: The Solo Beatles Compendium |publisher=44.1 Productions |location=Chesterfield, MO |date=2000 |isbn=0-615-11724-4}}.
* {{citation |first=Barry |last=Miles |author-link=Barry Miles |title=The Beatles Diary Volume 1: The Beatles Years|publisher=Omnibus Press |location=London |date=2001 |isbn=0-7119-8308-9}}.
* {{citation |title=[[Mojo (magazine)#Special editions|Mojo Special Limited Edition]]: 1000 Days of Revolution (The Beatles' Final Years – Jan 1, 1968 to Sept 27, 1970) |publisher=Emap |location=London |date=2003}}.
* {{citation |first=Robert |last=Rodriguez |title=Fab Four FAQ 2.0: The Beatles' Solo Years 1970–1980 |publisher=Hal Leonard |location=Milwaukee, WI |date=2010 |isbn=978-0-87930-968-8}}.
* {{citation |first=Nicholas |last=Schaffner |author-link=Nicholas Schaffner |title=The Beatles Forever |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York, NY |date=1978 |isbn=0-07-055087-5}}.
* {{citation |first=Nicholas |last=Schaffner |title=The British Invasion: From the First Wave to the New Wave |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York, NY |date=1982 |isbn=0-07-055089-1}}.
* {{citation |first=Martin |last=Scorsese |title=[[George Harrison: Living in the Material World]] |medium=DVD |publisher=[[Village Roadshow]] |date=2011 |others=produced by Olivia Harrison, Nigel Sinclair, Martin Scorsese}}.
* {{citation |first=Ravi |last=Shankar |first2=George |last2=Harrison |title=[[Collaborations (Ravi Shankar and George Harrison album)|Collaborations]] |publisher=Dark Horse Records |medium=Accompanying book |date=2010 |others=produced by Olivia Harrison; package design by Drew Lorimer & Olivia Harrison}}.
* {{citation |first=Michael |last=Simmons |title=Cry for a Shadow |magazine=[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]] |date=November 2011 |pages=74–87}}.
* {{citation |first=Bruce |last=Spizer |author-link=Bruce Spizer |title=The Beatles Solo on Apple Records |publisher=498 Productions |location=New Orleans, LA |date=2005 |isbn=0-9662649-5-9}}.
* {{citation |first=Gary |last=Tillery |author-link=Gary Tillery |title=Working Class Mystic: A Spiritual Biography of George Harrison |publisher=Quest Books |location=Wheaton, IL |date=2011 |isbn=978-0-8356-0900-5}}.
* {{citation |first=John C. |last=Winn |title=That Magic Feeling: The Beatles' Recorded Legacy, Volume Two, 1966–1970 |publisher=Three Rivers Press |location=New York, NY |date=2009 |isbn=978-0-307-45239-9}}.
* {{citation |title=World Music: The Rough Guide (Volume 2: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific) |publisher=Rough Guides/Penguin |location=London |date=2000 |isbn=1-85828-636-0}}.
{{refend}}

==External links==
*{{Discogs master|type=album|56019|name=Wonderwall Music}}
*''[http://www.allmovie.com/movie/wonderwall-v55202 Wonderwall]'' at [[AllMovie]]
*[http://www.cinemaretro.com/index.php?/archives/8303-REVIEW-JOE-MASSOTS-WONDERWALL,-A-FABULOUS-FILMS-BLU-RAY-SPECIAL-EDITION,-RELEASED-BY-SHOUT-FACTORY-2014.html ''Wonderwall'' film review] at [[Cinema Retro|Cinemaretro.com]]

{{George Harrison}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1968 debut albums]]
[[Category:1968 soundtrack albums]]
[[Category:1960s film soundtrack albums]]
[[Category:George Harrison albums]]
[[Category:Albums produced by George Harrison]]
[[Category:Albums recorded in India]]
[[Category:Apple Records soundtracks]]
[[Category:EMI Records soundtracks]]
[[Category:Drama film soundtracks]]
[[Category:Albums with cover art by Alan Aldridge]]
[[Category:Raga rock albums]]
[[Category:World music albums by English artists]]
[[Category:The Beatles and India]]

Banmanus

2026-04-19T16:30:08Z

PrakashBar: article

{{Short description|Indian community of forest dwellers}}

{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2026}}

'''Banmanus''' are a forest dwellers community in Uttar Pradesh, concentrated in [[Awadh|Awadh region]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Project |first=Joshua |author-link=Joshua Project |title=Banmanus in India |url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/16320/IN |access-date=2026-04-10 |website=joshuaproject.net |language=en}}</ref> They have traditionally engaged in hunting and gathering, residing in the deep forested region of Southern Awadh. Though after loss of forests during [[British Raj|colonial rule]] in the region, they were forced engaged themselves as agriculturalists and labourers.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Singh |first=Nalini |date=2006 |title=Professor B.B. Chaudhary Memorial Prize Essay: COLONIAL DISCOURSE ON AGRO-FOREST POLICY IN AWADH DURING THE 19 TH CENTURY: A STUDY OF 'MODEL FARMING' AND VOELCKER REPORT ON INDIAN AGRICULTURE |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44147986 |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=67 |pages=666–677 |issn=2249-1937}}</ref>

They are recognized as [[Schedule Caste|Scheduled Caste]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]] and have a population of 24,185 in the state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=District wise Scheduled Caste population in Uttar Pradesh |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/42890 |access-date=10 April 2026 |website=censusofIndia |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |format=XLS}}</ref>

They have depicted as "''Cave dwellers''" with lifestyle similar to that of [[Raji people]], who resides in the [[Nepal]] and [[Uttarakhand]] and also called as ''Ban-Manus'' (or Forest humans).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Experts |first=Arihant |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Know_Your_State_Uttar_Pradesh/ehrzDwAAQBAJ |title=Know Your State Uttar Pradesh |date=2019-07-22 |publisher=Arihant Publications India limited |isbn=978-93-131-9643-3 |page=[https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Know_Your_State_Uttar_Pradesh/ehrzDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=banmanus+caste+uttar+pradesh&pg=PA361&printsec=frontcover 361] |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

{{UttarPradesh-stub}}

[[Category:Dalit communities]]
[[Category:Scheduled Castes of Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:Scheduled Castes of Uttar Pradesh]]

ICT Academy

2026-04-14T03:24:03Z

PrakashBar: adding basic stub v1!

{{Short description|Indian educational initiative}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}
{{Infobox Organization
| name = ICT Academy
| former_name =
| publication = ICTACT Journals
| native_name = தமிழ்நாடு தகவல் மற்றும் தகவல்தொடர்பு தொழில்நுட்பவியல் நிறுவனம்
| fgcolor = 
| image = Ictacademy-new-logo.svg
| image_border =
| image_size = 
| image_alt = 
| caption =
| map = 
| map_size = 
| map_alt = 
| map_caption = 
| map2 =
| formation = 27 August 2009
| abbreviation =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| extinction = 
| type = [[Non-profit organization]]
| status = 
| purpose = 
| headquarters = [[Chennai, Tamil Nadu]], India
| location = 
| coordinates = 
| region_served =
| owner = [[Government of Tamil Nadu]]
| membership = Yes (Government institutions – No membership fee)
| language = 
| general_secretary = 
| leader_title3 =
| leader_name3 =
| leader_title4 =
| leader_name4 =
| key_people = {{Unbulleted list|[[Brajendra Navnit IAS]] {{small|([[Chairman]])}}|Srikanth V {{small|([[Chief Executive Officer]] i/c)}}}}
| main_organ = 
| parent_organization = 
| affiliations = 
| budget =
| num_staff = 150–200
| num_volunteers =
| website = {{URL|https://www.ictacademy.in}}
| remarks =
}}

'''ICT Academy''' is an initiative of the Government of India in collaboration with the state governments and industries. ICT Academy is a not-for-profit society, and a joint venture under the public-private partnership (PPP) model.

ICT Academy was started to meet the skill requirements of the industry and generate more employment especially in tier 2 and 3 towns, the rural parts of the country. The organization was formed with representations from the State Government of Tamil Nadu, leading companies in the ICT industry and National Association of Software Services Companies ([[NASSCOM]]) in India.

ICT Academy is recently endorsed and recommended by [[NITI Aayog]] (National Institution for Transforming India Aayog), the National Planning body of Government of India as one of the unique organization for dissemination and replication, which is aligned to the Skill India Vision of the Government of India.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2015/nov/04/niti-aayog-singles-out-ictact-for-best-practices-838395.html|title=NITI Aayog Singles Out ICTACT for Best Practices|website=The New Indian Express |date=4 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/ICT-Academy-to-expand-activities/article14027352.ece|title=ICT Academy to expand activities|website=The Hindu|date=30 January 2016}}</ref>

With training of teachers and students as the primary objective, ICT Academy has been working through a seven pillar program in the areas of faculty development, student skill development,<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://cio.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/corporate-news/oracle-ict-academy-of-tamil-nadu-aims-to-train-45000-students-in-it-over-next-3-years/52971926 |title=Oracle, ICT Academy of Tamil Nadu aims to train 45,000 students in IT over next 3 years |website=ET CIO.com | date=29 June 2016 }}</ref> entrepreneurship development, youth empowerment, industry-institute interaction,<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/minister-for-it-inaugurates-ict-academy-bridge-2019-conference-119020100974_1.html|title=Minister for IT inaugurates 'ICT Academy Bridge 2019' conference|last=ANI|date=1 February 2019|publisher=|via=Business Standard}}</ref> digital empowerment and research & publications.

== Initiatives ==
=== For students ===
* Link – Common Placement Drive<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/puducherry/Mega-IT-job-fair-draws-over-6000-candidates/article16899270.ece |title=Mega IT job fair draws over 6,000 candidates |first=S. |last=Prasad |date=18 December 2016|publisher=|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/puducherry/mega-job-fair-to-recruit-more-than-2000-candidates/articleshow/69594200.cms |title=Mega job fair to recruit more than 2,000 candidates |date=May 31, 2019 |website=The Times of India}}</ref>
* Internship & AICTE Job Portal<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/nov/21/aicte-makes-internships-must-for-engineering-students-1901095.html|title=AICTE makes internships must for engineering students|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>
* Youth Contests<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/chen-events/digital-india-summit-2014-ict-academy-of-tamil-nadu-it-companies-should-create-content-in-local-languages/article6380566.ece|title='IT companies should create content in local languages'|date=5 September 2014|publisher=|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Coimbatore/improve-employability-skills-to-take-on-uberisation-of-workforce-tcs-hr/article19550768.ece|title=Improve employability skills to take on 'uberisation of workforce': TCS HR|author=Staff Reporter|date=24 August 2017|publisher=|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=569523|title=Karkala: ICT Academy Youth Talk regional round held at NMAMIT|website=www.daijiworld.com}}</ref>
* Skill Development Program<ref name="auto" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://morungexpress.com/ict-academy-tamil-nadu-conducts-training-govt-polytechnic-kohima/|title=ICT Academy, Tamil Nadu conducts training at Govt Polytechnic Kohima The Morung Express|date=19 June 2017|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/ict-academy-announces-winners-of-the-cloud-literacy-month-2018-competition-119020200721_1.html|title=ICT Academy announces winners of the cloud literacy month 2018 competition|last=ANI|date=2 February 2019|publisher=|via=Business Standard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Business/2017-10-25/ICT-Academy-to-train-2L-Telangana-State-students/335236|title=ICT Academy to train 2L Telangana State students|date=26 October 2017|website=www.thehansindia.com}}</ref>

=== For institutions ===
* Membership<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/srinivas-university-becomes-institutional-member-of-ict-academy/articleshow/58823635.cms|title=Srinivas University becomes institutional member of ICT Academy |website=The Times of India |date=May 24, 2017 }}</ref>
* Faculty development programs
* Faculty workshops
* Academic conferences<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/ict-india-convergence-on-march-1/article17370419.ece|title=ICT India Convergence on March 1|website= The Hinndu| date=26 February 2017}}</ref><ref name="auto1" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/talent-gfx-and-animation-715877.html|title='Talent in GFX and animation sectors should be tapped'|date=31 January 2019|website=Deccan Herald}}</ref>

=== ICTACT Research Journals ===
* ''ICTACT Journal on Communication Technology''
* ''ICTACT Journal on Image & Video Processing''
* ''ICTACT Journal on Soft Computing''
* ''ICTACT Journal on Microelectronics''
* ''ICTACT Journal on Management Studies''
* ''ICTACT Journal on Data Science and Machine Learning''

''IJCT'', ''IJIVP'', ''IJSC'' and ''IJME'' are approved and listed in UGC CARE List 1.

== Awards ==
* In 2022, ICT Academy received International recognitions from Great Place To Work® such as the 2022 Best Workplaces in India.
* In 2017, ICT Academy was recognized as the No.1 Contributor in India by [[Autodesk]].
* In 2018, ICT Academy received the National Excellence Award from [[ASSOCHAM]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ictacademy.in/pages/PressDescription.aspx?id=1187|title=ICT Academy, receives National Excellence Award 2018|website=www.ictacademy.in}}</ref>
* In 2019, ICT Academy received the Best Skill Trainer Award from TNSDC.
* In 2020, ICT Academy received the Community Spotlight Award from [[CISCO]].
* In 2020, [[Automation Anywhere]] honored ICT Academy of Tamil Nadu for its outstanding contributions in helping students to build [[Robotic Process Automation]] Skills during New India Learnathon 2020.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}



[[Category:Non-profit organisations based in India]]
[[Category:Educational organisations based in India]]
[[Category:2009 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Information technology companies of India]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 2009]]
[[Category:Government-owned companies of Tamil Nadu]]
{{State Organizations of Tamil Nadu}}
{{TamilNadu-stub}}

Kalubhai Rupabhai Dabhi

2026-04-10T04:01:48Z

PrakashBar: adding first stub needs work!

{{Short description|Indian politician (born 1959)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Kalubhai Rupabhai Dabhi
| office = Member of [[Dhandhuka Assembly constituency]] for [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]]
| native_name = કાળુભાઈ રૂપભાઈ ડાભી
| native_name_lang = Gj
| constituency = [[Dhandhuka Assembly constituency|Dhandhuka]]
| country = {{flag|India}}
| assembly = [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]]
| predecessor = Rajesh Gohil
| successor =
| term_start = 2022
| term_end =
| source =
| party =[[Bhartiya Janta Party|BJP]]
| birth_name = {{birth date and age|1959|05|28|df=yes}}
| occupation = Politician
| profession = Farming &Business
}}

'''Kalubhai Rupabhai Dabhi''' (born 28 May 1959) is an Indian [[politician]] who currently serves on the [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 November 2023|title= Kalubhai Rupabhai Dabhi wins election.|url=https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2023/gujarat/kalubhai-rupabhai-dabhi-dhandhuka-candidate-s06a059c04/|website=news18.com}}</ref> representing the [[Dhandhuka Assembly constituency]].<ref name="Gujarat Elections ECI">{{cite web |title=Gujarat Legislative Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/72-gujarat/ |website=Election Commission of India |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>

Following the [[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election]], he was elected as an MLA from the Dhandhuka Assembly constituency.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 January 2023 |title=Gujarat General Legislative Election 2022|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14750-gujarat-general-legislative-election-2022/|website=Election Commission of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2022|title=Gujarat Election 2022 Result: BJP's Kalubhai Rupabhai Dabhi wins Dhandhuka assembly seat.|url=https://www.abplive.com/elections/dhandhuka-election-result-2022-live-updates-constituency-vote-counting-result-winner-loser-tally-bjp-congress-aap-gujarat-assembly-election-result-news-2276769|website=abplive.com}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dabhi, Rupabhai Rupabhai}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1959 births]]
[[Category:Gujarat MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Gujarat]]

{{Gujarat-BJP-politician-stub}}

Edlabad Assembly constituency

2026-04-09T18:20:25Z

PrakashBar: Creating a details!

{{Short description|Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Edlabad
| type= SLA
| state = Maharashtra
| established = 1962
| abolished = 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref>
| electors = 191,398
| mla = [[Eknath Khadse]]
| party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| constituency_no =
| latest_election_year = [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
| district =
| loksabha_cons =
| reservation =
}}
Edlabad Assembly constituency was an assembly constituency in the [[India]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Maharashtra]].
==Members of the Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| bgcolor="#FFB2B2" | [[1952 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election|1952]] || Patil Eknathrao Sampatrao || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=5}}
|-
| [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || Hiralal Indal Kalyani
|-
| [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || rowspan="4" | [[Pratibha Patil]]
|-
| [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|-
| [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1978]]
|-
| [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1980]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)}}
|-
| [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1985]] || Jaware Haribhau Dagadu || {{Full party name with color|Indian Congress (Socialist)}}
|-
| [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1990]] || rowspan="4" | [[Eknath Khadse]] || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=4}}
|-
| [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1995]]
|-
| [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1999]]
|-
| [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
|}

==Election results==
=== Assembly Election 2004 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Eknath Khadse]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 69,006 |percentage = 47.74% |change = {{decrease}}1.31 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ravindra Pralhadrao Patil |party = Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 67,157 |percentage = 46.46% |change = {{increase}}18.16 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Prabhakar Kashiram Patil |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 3,091 |percentage = 2.14% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sagrishsa Roshansha |party = Peoples Republican Party |votes = 2,528 |percentage = 1.75% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ingale Suresh Hiraman |party = Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh |votes = 2,076 |percentage = 1.44% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 1,849 |percentage = 1.28% |change = {{decrease}}19.47 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 144,557 |percentage = 75.53% |change = {{increase}}2.85 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 144,555}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 191,398 |ref = |change = {{increase}}9.78 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}1.31 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1999 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117044316/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Eknath Khadse]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 59,223 |percentage = 49.05% |change = {{decrease}}2.54 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ravindra Pralhadrao Patil |party = Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 34,167 |percentage = 28.30% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Patil Gajendrasing Narayan |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 26,676 |percentage = 22.09% |change = {{decrease}}16.00 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 25,056 |percentage = 20.75% |change = {{increase}}7.25 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 126,708 |percentage = 72.68% |change = {{decrease}}7.72 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 120,740}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 174,341 |ref = |change = {{increase}}5.09 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}2.54 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1995 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1995 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117121534/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Eknath Khadse]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 67,086 |percentage = 51.59% |change = {{increase}}16.73 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Patil Ravindra Pralhadrao |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 49,527 |percentage = 38.09% |change = {{increase}}5.88 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sapkale Hari Daya Ram |party = Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh |votes = 9,144 |percentage = 7.03% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Selke Dagadu Eknath |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,482 |percentage = 1.14% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kale Pushpa Shirish |party = Doordarshi Party |votes = 1,051 |percentage = 0.81% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 17,559 |percentage = 13.50% |change = {{increase}}10.85 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 133,385 |percentage = 80.40% |change = {{increase}}12.96 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 130,042}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 165,903 |ref = |change = {{increase}}9.22 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}16.73 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1990 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117080722/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Eknath Khadse]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 35,052 |percentage = 34.86% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. N. Patil |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 32,390 |percentage = 32.21% |change = {{decrease}}11.12 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Jaware Haribhan Dagadu |party = Indian Congress (Socialist) – Sarat Chandra Sinha |votes = 30,853 |percentage = 30.68% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Kamal Dagadu |party = Janata Dal |votes = 1,073 |percentage = 1.07% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 2,662 |percentage = 2.65% |change = {{decrease}}5.51 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 102,443 |percentage = 67.44% |change = {{increase}}1.92 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 100,552}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 151,903 |ref = |change = {{increase}}21.00 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Indian Congress (Socialist) |swing = {{decrease}}16.63 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1985 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117075119/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Jaware Haribhau Dagadu |party = Indian Congress (Socialist) |votes = 41,546 |percentage = 51.49% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Choudhari Ramakant Vasudev |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 34,963 |percentage = 43.33% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Surwade Pandhari Nath Lingaji |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,060 |percentage = 2.55% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Gosari Baliram Rampuri |party = Independent politician |votes = 675 |percentage = 0.84% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ingale Bhopalu Ramchandra |party = Independent politician |votes = 662 |percentage = 0.82% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 6,583 |percentage = 8.16% |change = {{decrease}}9.03 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 82,251 |percentage = 65.52% |change = {{decrease}}1.01 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 80,688}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 125,541 |ref = |change = {{increase}}10.87 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian Congress (Socialist) |loser = Indian National Congress (I) |swing = {{increase}}3.48 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1980 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1980 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117083555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Pratibha Patil]] |party = Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 35,382 |percentage = 48.01% |change = {{increase}}39.40 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Patil Pralhadrao Eknathrao |party = Indian National Congress (U) |votes = 22,714 |percentage = 30.82% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ashok Devidas Phadke |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 15,595 |percentage = 21.16% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 12,668 |percentage = 17.19% |change = {{increase}}16.24 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 75,330 |percentage = 66.53% |change = {{decrease}}6.50 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 73,691}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 113,228 |ref = |change = {{increase}}8.23 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress (I) |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}5.14 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1978 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629182050/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-date=29 June 2017|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Pratibha Patil]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 31,578 |percentage = 42.87% |change = {{decrease}}47.50 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ashok Devidas Phadke |party = Janata Party |votes = 30,879 |percentage = 41.92% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Deshmukh Ravindra Shivrao |party = Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 6,343 |percentage = 8.61% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Tukaram Laxman More |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,436 |percentage = 3.31% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Pandit Anjanabai Sonu |party = Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 2,044 |percentage = 2.77% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 699 |percentage = 0.95% |change = {{decrease}}79.78 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 76,404 |percentage = 73.03% |change = {{increase}}15.12 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 73,668}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 104,622 |ref = |change = {{increase}}22.34 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}47.50 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519183024/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-date=19 May 2017|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Pratibha Patil]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 42,975 |percentage = 90.37% |change = {{increase}}39.21 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Yashvant Dhana Medhe |party = Republican Party of India |votes = 4,582 |percentage = 9.63% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 38,393 |percentage = 80.73% |change = {{increase}}46.01 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 49,527 |percentage = 57.91% |change = {{decrease}}4.74 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 47,557}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 85,517 |ref = |change = {{increase}}14.07 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}39.21 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1967 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926233227/https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-date=26 September 2018|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Pratibha Patil]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 21,559 |percentage = 51.16% |change = {{decrease}}12.86 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = R. S. Pawar |party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 6,927 |percentage = 16.44% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = A. S. Pandit |party = Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 6,082 |percentage = 14.43% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. J. Deshmukh |party = Independent politician |votes = 4,434 |percentage = 10.52% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = N. U. Patil |party = Praja Socialist Party |votes = 1,687 |percentage = 4.00% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = W. S. Kharate |party = Swatantra Party |votes = 741 |percentage = 1.76% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dayaram Ramji Bodade |party = Independent politician |votes = 713 |percentage = 1.69% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 14,632 |percentage = 34.72% |change = {{decrease}}8.86 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 46,966 |percentage = 62.65% |change = {{increase}}6.01 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 42,143}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 74,966 |ref = |change = {{increase}}2.56 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}12.86 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1962 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117085627/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Hiralal Indal Kalyani |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 24,014 |percentage = 64.02% |change = {{increase}}14.89 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Bhalerao Trambak Senu |party = Republican Party of India |votes = 7,666 |percentage = 20.44% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Zendu Ganpat Kalaskar |party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 4,203 |percentage = 11.21% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dayaram Ramji Bodade |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,627 |percentage = 4.34% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 16,348 |percentage = 43.58% |change = {{increase}}9.80 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 41,399 |percentage = 56.64% |change = {{increase}}3.10 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 37,510}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 73,097 |ref = |change = {{increase}}46.96 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}14.89 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1952 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1952 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election]] : Edlabad <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1951 to the Legislative Assembly of Bombay |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatReport_51_BOMBAY.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114083220/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/StatReport_51_BOMBAY.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Patil Eknathrao Sampatrao |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 13,084 |percentage = 49.13% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Deshmukh Damodar Vishnu |party = Socialist Party (India, 1948) |votes = 4,087 |percentage = 15.35% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Pandit Sonu Ananda |party = Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 4,015 |percentage = 15.08% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Dabhaiwala Hormasji Dadabhoy |party = Independent politician |votes = 3,743 |percentage = 14.05% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Deshmukh Gunvantrao Jijabrao |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,703 |percentage = 6.39% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 8,997 |percentage = 33.78% |change = }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 26,632 |percentage = 53.54% |change = }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 26,632}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 49,741 |ref = |change = }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = }}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra}}

{{coord missing|Maharashtra}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Long stubs with short prose]]
{{Maharashtra-geo-stub}}

Howrah–Barmer Express

2026-04-08T23:58:11Z

PrakashBar:

{{short description|Train in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2015}}
{{Infobox rail service
| name = Howrah–Barmer Superfast Express
| image= File:Howrah-Barmer Express.jpg
| caption = 12323 Howrah-Barmer Express
| type = [[Superfast Express trains in India|Superfast Express]]
| first = 02 July 2002 [http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/finance_budget/Previous%20Budget%20Speeches/2002-03.pdf]
| last =
| operator = [[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railways]]
| ridership =
| start = {{stnlnk|Howrah Junction}} '''''(HWH)'''''
| stops = 23
| end = {{stnlnk|Barmer}} '''''(BME)'''''
| distance = {{convert|2280|km|0|abbr=on}}
| journeytime = 35 hours and 40 minutes
| frequency = 2 days a week. 12323 Howrah–Barmer Superfast Express–Tuesday & Friday, 12324 Barmer–Howrah Superfast Express – Thursday & Sunday
| class = [[Indian Railways coaching stock|AC 1st Class]], [[Indian Railways coaching stock|AC 2 tier]], [[Indian Railways coaching stock|AC 3 tier]], [[Indian Railways coaching stock|Sleeper class]], [[Indian Railways coaching stock|Unreserved/General]]
| seating = Yes
| sleeping = Yes
| autorack =
| catering = [[Pantry car]] attached
| observation =
| entertainment =
| baggage = Storage space under berth
| other facilities=
| stock = [[LHB coach]]
| gauge = {{track gauge|1676mm|al=on|allk=on}}
| el =
| trainnumber = 12323 / 12324
| speed = {{convert|64|km/h|0|abbr=on}}. 130 km/h (80 mph) maximum permissible speed.
| map =
| map_state =
}}

The 12323 / 24 '''Howrah–Barmer Superfast Express''' is a [[Superfast Express trains in India|Superfast Express]] train belonging to [[Indian Railways]] – [[Eastern Railway zone]] that runs between {{stnlnk|Howrah Junction}} and [[Barmer railway station|Barmer]] in India.

It operates as train number 12323 from Howrah Junction to Barmer railway station and as train number 12324 in the reverse direction, serving the states of [[West Bengal]], [[Jharkhand]], [[Bihar]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Delhi]], [[Haryana]] and [[Rajasthan]]

The train is extended till Barmer from 1 September 2020. Since normal operation is not going on, hence the COVID Special service of this train is right now operating from [[Barmer, Rajasthan|Barmer]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indian Railways: हावड़ा-आनंद विहार एक्सप्रेस का बाड़मेर तक विस्तार, दो घंटे पहले पहुंचेगी दिल्ली|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/dhanbad-indian-railways-now-howrah-anand-vihar-express-will-run-to-barmer-instead-of-anand-vihar-20702515.html|access-date=2021-06-20|website=Dainik Jagran|language=hi}}</ref>

==Coaches==

The 12323 / 24 Howrah–Barmer Superfast Express has 1 [[Indian Railways coaching stock|AC 1st Class]] cum [[Indian Railways coaching stock|AC 2 tier]], 2 [[Indian Railways coaching stock|AC 2 tier]], 5 [[Indian Railways coaching stock|AC 3 tier]], 13 [[Indian Railways coaching stock|Sleeper class]], 4 [[Indian Railways coaching stock|Unreserved/General]] and 2 [[Indian Railways coaching stock|Seating cum Luggage Rake]] coaches. It also carries a [[pantry car]].

As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand.

==Service==

The 12323 Howrah–Barmer Superfast Express covers the distance of {{convert|2279|km|0|abbr=on}} in 35 hours 40 mins (64 km/h) and in 35 hours 40 mins as 12324 Barmer–Howrah Superfast Express (62 km/h).

As the average speed of the train is above {{convert|55|km/h|0|abbr=on}}, as per Indian Railways rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge.

==Routeing==

The 12323 / 24 Howrah–Barmer Superfast Express runs from [[Howrah Junction]] via
* {{stnlnk|Asansol Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Dhanbad Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Koderma Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Gaya Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Sasaram Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Prayagraj Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Kanpur Central}}
* {{Stnlnk|Old Delhi}}
* {{Stnlnk|Rewari Junction}}
* {{Stnlnk|Jodhpur}}
to {{Stnlnk|Barmer}} railway station.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Howrah-Barmer Express AC 3 Tier coach.jpg|3 Tier AC coach of 12323 Howrah-Barmer Express.
</gallery>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

*{{cite web|url=http://www.nr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?id=0,4,268&dcd=2501|title=Northern Railways / Indian Railways Portal|publisher=nr.indianrailways.gov.in|accessdate=2014-06-29}}

==External links==
*{{cite web|url=http://www.indianrail.gov.in |title=Welcome to Indian Railway Passenger Reservation Enquiry |publisher=indianrail.gov.in |accessdate=2014-04-05 |url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408180437/http://www.indianrail.gov.in/ |archivedate=8 April 2014 |df=dmy-all }}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.irctc.co.in|title=IRCTC Online Passenger Reservation System|publisher=irctc.co.in|accessdate=2014-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303131207/http://www.irctc.co.in/|archive-date=3 March 2007|url-status=dead}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.irfca.org|title=[IRFCA] Welcome to IRFCA.org, the home of IRFCA on the internet.|publisher=IRFCA|accessdate=2014-04-05}}
* http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/finance_budget/Previous%20Budget%20Speeches/2002-03.pdf

{{Railways in Northern India}}
{{Railways in Eastern India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Howrah-Anand Vihar Superfast Expresss}}
[[Category:Delhi–Kolkata trains]]
[[Category:Express trains in India]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Bihar]]
[[Category:Rail transport in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Railway services introduced in 2002]]

Super Singer 3

2026-04-07T00:21:36Z

PrakashBar: Done

{{Use Indian English|date=August 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox television season
| image =
| caption = ''Airtel Super Singer'' logo
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season
| presenter = Divya and [[Sivakarthikeyan]]
| judges = [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], [[P. Unnikrishnan|Unnikrishnan]]
}}
| network = [[STAR Vijay]]
| first_aired = {{start date|2010|7|12|df=y}}
| last_aired = {{end date|2011|9|23|df=y}}
}}

'''''Airtel Super Singer 3''''' – ''Thamizhagathil Brahmaanda Kuralukkaana Thedal – Immurai Ulaga Alavil'', the third season of the [[Super Singer (Tamil reality show)|Airtel Super Singer]] show, was a [[reality|reality-based]] [[Television in India|Indian]] singing competition in [[Tamil language]] that aired on [[Vijay TV]]. It was designed to be a talent hunt to find the best voice of [[Tamil Nadu]]. The show premiered on 12 July 2010, and episodes were telecast between Monday to Thursday each week at 9:00 pm.<ref name="VijayTVSS3index">{{cite web |url=http://vijay.indya.com/serials/super-singer3/index.html |title=STAR VIJAY – SUPER SINGER 3 |publisher=vijay.indya.com |date=2009-12-26 |access-date=2009-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207204852/http://vijay.indya.com/serials/super-singer3/index.html |archive-date=7 February 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Persons above the age of 16 years were permitted to audition to showcase their talent on Vijay TV's platform.<ref name="VijayTVSS3terms">{{cite web |url=http://vijay.indya.com/supersinger3/rules.html |title=Rules & Regulations |publisher=vijay.indya.com |date=2010-04-16 |access-date=2010-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100416165604/http://vijay.indya.com/supersinger3/rules.html |archive-date=16 April 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The show was initially hosted by Divya Vijayagopal during the audition rounds. For the performance rounds by the top 25 contestants, voice trainer [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]] appeared fairly regularly on the show together with permanent judges [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], [[P. Unnikrishnan]], and hosts Divya Vijayagopal and [[Sivakarthikeyan]]. The hosts in each episode of the top 25 performance rounds announced that the winner would win a triple bedroom apartment worth [[rupee|Rs.]]3.7 million from its season 3 sponsor, Arun Excello Temple Green Township.

Special guest judges or guest performers who appeared on the show during the season consisted of a variety of eminent playback singers and music directors, including [[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[P. Susheela]], [[M. S. Viswanathan]], [[S. Janaki]], [[Unni Menon]], [[Sadhana Sargam]], [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Ranina Reddy]], [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Suchithra]], [[Sriram Parthasarathy]], [[Harish Raghavendra]], [[Sangeetha Rajeshwaran]], [[Madhu Balakrishnan]], [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], [[Ramya NSK]], [[Pushpavanam Kuppusamy|Pushpavanam Kuppuswamy]], Vinaya Karthik Rajan, [[Sowmya]], [[Pop Shalini]], as well as stars from [[Airtel Super Singer Junior|the junior version of the show]], such as permanent judges [[Mano (singer)|Mano]] and [[Malgudi Subha]], and former contestants [[Anitha Karthikeyan]], [[Ajeesh]], and [[Alka Ajith]].

== Auditions ==
Auditions commenced on 27 June 2010, and took place in [[Chennai]], [[Coimbatore]], and [[Trichy]].<ref name="VijayTVSS3index"/> Ground level auditions were telecast from 12 July 2010. Preliminary round auditions were telecast from 16 August 2010.

A total of 78 contestants were selected from Chennai, 58 contestants were selected from Coimbatore, and 41 were selected from Trichy to advance to the preliminary auditions.<ref name="HinduJul10">{{cite news|author=S. Anusha|title=Super Singer Auditions End – The Hindu |work=[[The Hindu]]|date=28 July 2010|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/super-singer-auditions-end/article537649.ece|access-date=2 March 2015}}</ref>

===Open auditions in Tamil Nadu===
The ground level auditions were judged by Dr. Lavanya, Suvi Suresh, J.K.V.Roshni, as well as former contestants of ''Airtel Super Singer'', being Anitha, [[Ajeesh]] and Ravi.<ref name="VijayTVSS3index"/>

Open auditions were held across [[Tamil Nadu]].

{{Episode table |background=#003366 |overall= |title= |aux1= |airdate= |overallT=Episode # |aux1T=Audition Judges |episodes=
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber=1, 2, 3, 4
|Title=[[Chennai]] Auditions (first round)
|Aux1=[[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Unni Menon]], [[Pop Shalini]] or [[Sowmya]]
|OriginalAirDate={{Start date|df=yes|2010|7|12}} – {{End date|df=yes|2010|7|15}}
|ShortSummary=First round auditions which were held in Chennai required auditioning contestants to perform a song before a single audition judge. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round. Host Divya announced that about 700 contestants auditioned during this round, and about 200 contestants were selected to advance to the second round.
|LineColor=003366
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber=5, 6, 7, 8
|Title=[[Chennai]] Auditions (second round)
|Aux1=[[S. P. Sailaja]] and [[Sowmya]], or [[Unni Menon]] and [[Pop Shalini]]
|OriginalAirDate={{Start date|df=yes|2010|7|19}} – {{End date|df=yes|2010|7|22}}
|ShortSummary=Second round auditions held in [[Chennai]] required auditioning contestants to perform a song before a panel of two audition judges. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round. Selected contestants advanced to preliminary auditions. This round was hosted by former contestants [[Ajeesh]] and Raginishri, with a brief word from Divya at the commencement and conclusion of each episode.
|LineColor=003366
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber=9
|Title=[[Coimbatore]] Auditions (first round)
|Aux1=[[Nikhil Mathew]], [[Ajeesh]], or Krishna Iyer
|OriginalAirDate={{Start date|df=yes|2010|7|26}} – {{End date|df=yes|2010|7|29}}
|ShortSummary=First round auditions held in [[Coimbatore]] required auditioning contestants to perform a song or two before a single audition judge. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round. This round was hosted by Divya & Raginisri, and telecast on 26 July 2010. The host announced that more contestants auditioned during this round than in the Chennai round. After the first day of auditions, 172 contestants were selected to advance to the next round.
|LineColor=003366
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber=10, 11, 12
|Title=[[Coimbatore]] Auditions (second round)
|Aux1=[[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Sowmya]], or [[Mahathi (singer)|Mahathi]]
|OriginalAirDate={{Start date|df=yes|2010|7|27}} – {{End date|df=yes|2010|7|29}}
|ShortSummary=Second round auditions held in Coimbatore required auditioning contestants to perform a song before a single audition judge. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round. This round was hosted by Divya. After the first day of this round telecast on 27 July 2010, the Host announced that 160 contestants performed and that the judges selected 46 contestants. This number increased at the end of the second round, as a total of 147 contestants were selected to advance to the next round.
|LineColor=003366
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber=13, 14, 15, 16
|Title=[[Coimbatore]] Auditions (third round)
|Aux1=[[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Sowmya]], and [[Mahathi (singer)|Mahathi]]
|OriginalAirDate={{Start date|df=yes|2010|8|2}} – {{End date|df=yes|2010|8|5}}
|ShortSummary=Third round auditions held in [[Coimbatore]] required auditioning contestants to perform a song before a panel of the three judges. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round. This round was hosted by Divya, Raginisri, and Ajeesh.
|LineColor=003366
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber=17, 18, 19, 20
|Title=[[Trichy]] Auditions (first and second rounds)
|Aux1=[[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Sowmya]], and [[Mahathi (singer)|Mahathi]]
|OriginalAirDate={{Start date|df=yes|2010|8|9}} – {{End date|df=yes|2010|8|12}}
|ShortSummary=First round auditions held in [[Trichy]] required auditioning contestants to perform a song before a single judge while selected contestants who moved to the second round required contestants to perform a song before the panel. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of each round. This round was hosted by Divya. About 1,200 contestants attended auditions in Trichy.
|LineColor=003366
}}
}}

=== Main level auditions ===
All main level auditions were held in [[Chennai]].

==== "Fast Song Slow Song" Chennai Round (16 August 2010 – 19 August 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Unni Menon]], [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Haricharan (singer)|Haricharan]], & [[Harish Raghavendra]]

This round required auditioning contestants selected in Chennai to perform a fast song before the panel of guest judges consisting of [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Haricharan (singer)|Haricharan]], [[Unni Menon]] & [[Harish Raghavendra]]. If the judges requested the auditioning contestant to perform another song, the contestants were required to perform a slow song. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== "Fast Song Slow Song" Coimbatore and Trichy Round (23 August 2010 – 26 August 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Unni Menon]], [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Mahathi (singer)|Mahathi]], & [[Harish Raghavendra]]

This round required auditioning contestants selected in [[Coimbatore]] and [[Trichy]] to perform a fast song before the panel of guest judges consisting of [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Mahathi (singer)|Mahathi]], [[Unni Menon]] & [[Harish Raghavendra]]. If the judges requested the auditioning contestant to perform another song, the contestants were required to perform a slow song. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== New Songs Round (30 August 2010 – 2 September 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Harish Raghavendra]], [[S. P. Sailaja]] & [[Pop Shalini]]

This round required auditioning contestants to perform a song from films released after 2005 before the panel of guest judges consisting of [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Pop Shalini]], & [[Harish Raghavendra]]. If the judges requested the auditioning contestant to perform another song, the contestants were required to perform a slow song. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== Old Songs Round (6 September 2010 – 9 September 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Pop Shalini]], [[Harish Raghavendra]], & [[Mahathi (singer)|Mahathi]]

This round required auditioning contestants to perform a song from old films before a panel of guest judges consisting of [[Harish Raghavendra]], [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Pop Shalini]], & [[Mahathi (singer)|Mahathi]]. If the judges requested the auditioning contestant to perform another song, the contestants were required to perform a slow song. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== Group Medley Round (13 September 2010 – 16 September 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Malgudi Shubha]], [[Unni Menon]], & [[Sowmya]]

This round split auditioning contestants into small teams who were required to perform a medley of songs on a given theme. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== Performance Round (20 September 2010 – 23 September 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:'''

This round required auditioning contestants to impress the judges with their performances through their singing, dancing, and general entertainment. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== One on One Challenge Round (27 September 2010 – 30 September 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Unni Menon]] & [[Sowmya]]

This 1 on 1 challenge round required auditioning contestants to compete against another contestant selected at random. The panel of guest judges consisted of [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Unni Menon]], [[S. P. Sailaja]], and [[Sowmya]]. The winning contestant in each challenge was spot-selected to advance to the next round, while the other contestant was waitlisted.

==== Duet Round (4 October 2010 – 7 October 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[K. S. Chithra]], & [[Malgudi Shubha]]

This round required auditioning contestants to perform a song as a duet with a top contestant from season 2 and season 1 of the show, or season 2 of the junior version of the show. The performances were judged by permanent judges of the junior version of the show in season 2. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== Devotional Film Songs Round (11 October 2010 – 14 October 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[S. P. Sailaja]], & [[Sowmya]]

This ''Thirai Isai Bhakthi Paadalgal'' (Devotional Film Songs) round required auditioning contestants to perform a film song of a devotional genre before a panel of guest judges consisting of [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[S. P. Sailaja]], and [[Sowmya]]. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== "Sigarangalin Sangeetham" Round (18 October 2010 – 21 October 2010) ====
* '''Host:'''
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Vani Jairam]], [[L. R. Eswari]], [[Malaysia Vasudevan]], [[Mano (singer)|Mano]] & [[P. B. Sreenivas]]

This ''Sigarangalin Sangeetham'' round required auditioning contestants to perform a song out of six "legendary" playback singers who were guest judges this week. The guest judges consisted of [[Malaysia Vasudevan]] (chief guest), [[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[L. R. Eswari]], [[Vani Jairam]], and [[Mano (singer)|Mano]]. The format of this round was similar to the 1 on 1 challenge as each contestant would compete with at least two other contestants. The winning contestant in each challenge was spot-selected to advance to the next round, while the other contestants were waitlisted.

==== Rain Songs Round (25 October 2010 – 28 October 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Sowmya]], [[S. P. Sailaja]], & [[Malgudi Shubha]]

The ''Mazhai'' (Rain) Songs round required contestants to perform a song which fitted the theme of the week – rain. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== Deepavali Special (1 November 2010 – 3 November 2010) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Sivakarthikeyan]] (male team) versus [[Poornitha|Kalyani]] (female team)
* '''Guest Judges (1 November 2010):''' (male team) versus (female team)
* '''Guest Judges (2 November 2010):''' [[Gopinath Chandran|C. Gopinath]] (male team) versus [[Malgudi Shubha]] (female team)
* '''Guest Judges (3 November 2010):''' (male team) versus [[Suchithra Karthik Kumar|Suchithra]] (female team)

This special round was in celebration of the [[Hindu]] festival of [[Deepavali]]. The auditioning contestants were split into teams of male contestants and female contestants against each other, and had an opportunity to perform classical songs in the episode telecast on 1 November 2010, folk songs in the episode telecast on 2 November 2010, and western (night club) songs in the episode telecast on 3 November 2010. No auditioning contestants were rejected or eliminated from the competition in this week's performances.

==== Writer's Voice Round (8 November 2010 – 11 November 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Snehan]] (9 November 2010 episode only), [[Na. Muthukumar]] (11 November 2010 episode only), [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Malgudi Shubha]] & [[Sowmya]]

This "Kaviyin Kural" (Poet's Voice) round required contestants to perform songs with beautiful lyrics or poetry. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

The episode telecast on 8 November 2010 required contestants to perform songs penned by [[Kannadasan]].

The episode telecast on 9 November 2010 required contestants to perform songs penned by [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]], and lyricist [[Snehan]] appeared as a guest judge during this episode.

The episode telecast on 10 November 2010 required contestants to perform songs penned by [[Vairamuthu]].

The episode telecast on 11 November 2010 required contestants to perform songs penned by [[Na. Muthukumar]], who also appeared as a guest judge during this episode.

==== Love Songs Round (15 November 2010 – 18 November 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Malgudi Shubha]], [[Unni Menon]] & [[Sowmya]]

This round required the auditioning contestants to perform love songs. Contestants were either spot-selected, rejected, or wait-listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== Knockout Round (21 November 2010 – 25 November 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Sowmya]], [[Unni Menon]] & [[Malgudi Shubha]]

This round split the contestants into pairs, and required each pair to sing the same song. The contestant who provided the better performance of the song was spot-selected, while the other contestant was wait listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== "Thullal Songs" Round (29 November 2010 – 2 December 2010) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Poornitha|Kalyani]]
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Unni Menon]] & [[Malgudi Shubha]]

The ''Thullal'' Songs round required male auditioning contestants to perform a song typically sung when introducing a hero in films, and female auditioning contestants to perform a song of a "peppy" genre which are associated with heroines in films.

==== Emotion Round (6 December 2010 – 9 December 2010) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Poornitha|Kalyani]]
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Unni Menon]], [[Sowmya]], [[S. P. Sailaja]] & [[Malgudi Shubha]]

This round required auditioning contestants to perform songs which evoke emotions. Contestants were either spot selected, rejected, or wait listed until the conclusion of the round.

==== Last Qualifying Round (13 December 2010 – 16 December 2010) ====
* '''Host:'''
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Unni Menon]] & [[Malgudi Shubha]]

==== Recall Round (20 December 2010 – 23 December 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]], [[Unni Menon]], [[Sowmya]], [[Malgudi Shubha]] & [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]

==== Celebration Round (27 December 2010 – 30 December 2010) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Unni Menon]], [[Sowmya]], [[Malgudi Shubha]] & [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]

==Finalists==
'''[[Saicharan]]''' (local contestant ID SS10 and top 10 contestant ID SS07), known in the show as Saicharan, is a singer who received training in [[Carnatic music]] prior to participating in the competition. He was previously a top 4 finalist in the debut season of the junior version of the show,<ref name="Saicharanwinner">{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/saicharan-crowned-airtel-super-singer-3/article2483846.ece|title=Saicharan crowned Airtel Super Singer 3|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=25 September 2011 |location=Chennai, India|access-date=27 November 2014}}</ref> ''[[Airtel Super Singer Junior]]''. He auditioned for season 3 of the show, and participated in most of the main competition performance rounds. When he was eliminated from the competition by the permanent judges by half a mark, the decision was challenged by viewers. He subsequently qualified as a wildcard contestant, and re-entered the competition as a grand finalist after receiving the highest number of viewer votes.

Saicharan was crowned the winner of the competition,<ref name="Saicharanwinner"/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/kids/and-the-winner-is/article2540423.ece|title=And the winner is.... – The Hindu|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 October 2011|location=Chennai, India|access-date=4 January 2015}}</ref> and was awarded an apartment worth 4 million Indian [[Rupee]]s by the show's sponsor Arun Excello.<ref name="Saicharanwinner"/> He was chosen by [[A. R. Rahman]] and [[D. Imman]] to sing in the 2012 films ''[[Godfather (2012 film)|Godfather]]'', ''[[Manam Kothi Paravai]]'', and ''[[Saattai]]''.

In 2013, Saisharan captained his team to win the debut season of ''[[Super Singer T20]]'', a spin-off version of the show which formed part of [[Vijay TV's Super Singer (TV series)|Vijay TV's Super Singer television series]]. In 2015, Saisharan captained his team to win a second consecutive season of the show.

{{Clear}}

'''Santhosh Hariharan''' (contestant ID SS05), known in the show as Santhosh, previously appeared in [[Airtel Super Singer 2|season 2 of the show]]. He lacked exposure to [[Indian classical music]] prior to and following the competition.<ref name="Hindu11Jul12">{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/bound-by-music/article3628080.ece|title=Bound by music – The Hindu|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=11 July 2012|access-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> He was initially eliminated by the permanent judges during season 3, but qualified as a wild card contestant. He re-entered the competition as a grand finalist after receiving sufficient viewer votes.

Santhosh was crowned runner-up of the competition after receiving the second highest number of viewer votes, and was awarded a car by the show's sponsor Tata Vista.<ref name="Saicharanwinner"/> Santhosh was chosen by [[D. Imman]] to sing the hit song "Oorana Oorukkulle" in the 2012 film, ''[[Manam Kothi Paravai]]''.<ref name="Hindu11Jul12"/>

{{Clear}}

'''[[D. Sathyaprakash|Sathyaprakash Dharmar]]''' (contestant ID SS01), known in the show as Sathyaprakash, was born to a family hailing from Solavandan to [[Coimbatore]]. He received training in [[Carnatic music]], and had released albums with Rajalakshmi Audio prior to entering the competition. He was placed into the grand finals by the permanent judges.

Sathyaprakash ended up in third place at the end of the competition for which he won a cash prize of 300,000 Indian [[Rupee]]s,<ref name="Saicharanwinner"/> and was also chosen by actor [[Dhanush]] to sing in the 2012 film, ''[[3 (2012 Indian film)|3]]'',<ref name="Hindu11Jul12"/> as well as music director [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]] to sing in the 2012 film ''[[Thandavam]]''.

{{Clear}}

'''[[Pooja Vaidyanath]]''' (contestant ID SS02), known in the show as Pooja, was born to a family hailing from [[Andhra Pradesh]]. Pooja previously entered music competition reality TV shows on [[Telugu language]] TV channels, including [[Maa TV]]'s ''Padalani Undi'' which she won in 2006 and ''Zee Telugu Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Voice of Youth'' which she was crowned runner-up in 2008. She also won the ''Vaanampadi'' competition broadcast in 2010 on rival [[Tamil language]] channel [[Kalaignar TV]]. However, she did not receive any training in [[Carnatic music]] prior to entering the competition. She was placed into the grand finals by the permanent judges.

Pooja ended up in fourth place at the end of the competition for which she won a cash prize of 100,000 Indian [[Rupee]]s,<ref name="Saicharanwinner"/> and was chosen by music directors [[James Vasanthan]] and Phani Kalyan to sing in the 2012 Telugu language film, ''[[Dalam]]'' and in the 2012 Tamil language film, ''[[Konjam Koffee Konjam Kaadhal]]''.

{{Clear}}

'''Srinivasan Raghunathan''' (contestant ID SS04), known in the show as Nivas, was born to a family hailing from [[Kerala]], and received some training prior to entering the competition. He later qualified as a wildcard entrant but did not receive enough viewer votes to enter the grand finals in view of matters not disclosed to viewers previously. Nivas had already made his debut as a playback singer prior to the competition when he was chosen by music director [[James Vasanthan]] to sing in the [[Kannada language]] film ''[[Police Quarter]]'' (and [[Tamil language]] version of the film, ''Kathalar Kudiyuruppu'',<ref name="Hindu11Jul12"/>). It was not until season 2 of ''[[Super Singer T20]]'' that it was revealed that Nivas received training during the course of the competition from James Vasanthan.

Nevertheless, Nivas rose to fame after being chosen by [[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]] to sing in the [[Malayalam language]] film, ''[[Diamond Necklace (film)|Diamond Necklace]]'',<ref name="Hindu11Jul12"/> and was re-christened by [[A. R. Rahman]] in the Kannada language film, ''[[Godfather (2012 film)|Godfather]]''.<ref name="Hindu11Jul12"/>

{{Clear}}

'''Pravin Saivi''' (top 10 contestant ID SS10), also known as Praveen, hails from Singapore and entered the competition as one of 9 international finalists in March 2011 but missed many of the main level auditions and the first 9 main competition performance rounds. He was the last international contestant to be eliminated from the competition, but won a prize for being the winner among the international contestants.

Praveen was the music director and composer for the 2014 film, ''Puthiathor Ulagam Seivom'',<ref name="Hindu14Aug14">{{cite news |author=Srinivasa Ramanujam|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/songs-of-puthiathor-ulagam-seivom-to-be-premiered-on-independence-day/article6318394.ece|title=A patriotic touch – The Hindu|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=14 August 2014|access-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> and appeared as an actor in the film.<ref name="Hindu14Aug14"/> Praveen was also chosen by music director [[Harris Jayaraj]] to sing in the 2014 film, ''[[Nannbenda]]''.<ref name="IBT">{{cite news |author=Nicy V.P.|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/nanbenda-music-review-round-decent-soulful-music-by-harris-jayaraj-audio-lyrics-618106|title='Nanbenda' Music Review Round Up: A Decent, Soulful Music by Harris Jayaraj [AUDIO & LYRICS]|newspaper=[[International Business Times]]|location=India|date=23 December 2014|access-date=26 April 2015}}</ref>

{{Clear}}

'''Kaushik Sridharan''' (local contestant ID SS12 and top 10 contestant ID SS03), known in the show as Kaushik, was eliminated from the competition, but later qualified as a wildcard contestant.

Kaushik has given multiple stage performances with various musicians, including fellow eliminated contestant, Dhanyashree.

{{Clear}}

'''Dhanyashree''' (local contestant ID SS19 and top 10 contestant ID SS06) is a disciple of Lalitha Sivakumar, mother of [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]]. She was eliminated from the competition at the conclusion of the Evergreen Songs Round telecast on 14 July 2011, but later qualified as a wildcard contestant. She was previously a contestant in the 1st season of the show, Airtel Super Singer Junior.

Dhanyashree was chosen by music director R. Haribabu to sing "Nan Ninaithidathane" for the 2013 film, ''Padikira Vayasula''.<ref name="Hindu23Mar13">{{cite news |author=S. R. Ashok Kumar|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/audio-beat-targeted-at-the-youth/article4541615.ece|title=Audio Beat: Targeted at the youth – The Hindu|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=23 March 2013|access-date=26 April 2015}}</ref>

{{Clear}}

'''Malavika Sundar''' (local contestant ID SS07 and top 10 contestant ID SS08), known in the show as Maalavika, was finally eliminated from the competition.

Maalavika was chosen by music director [[D. Imman]] to co-sing the musical hit "Dang Dang…" with [[Saicharan]] in the 2012 film, ''[[Manam Kothi Paravai]]''.<ref name="Hindu11Jul12"/>

{{Clear}}

'''Hariharasudhan Narayanan''' (contestant ID SS16), known in the show as Hariharasudhan, was born to a family hailing from Thiruvidaimaruthur. He was eliminated from the competition at the conclusion of the Moon Songs Round originally telecast on 31 March 2011, but later qualified as a wildcard contestant.

He subsequently made his debut as a playback singer after being chosen by music director [[D. Imman]] to sing in the 2013 [[Tamil language]] film ''[[Varuthapadatha Valibar Sangam]]''.<ref name="Times16Nov13">{{cite news|author=P. Sangeetha|title=Hari's dream debut – The Times of India|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=16 November 2013|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Haris-dream-debut/articleshow/25827412.cms|access-date=26 April 2015}}</ref> His playback debut song "Oodha Colour Ribbon" became one of the biggest chartbusters during 2013.<ref name="Times16Nov13"/>

{{Clear}}

'''Deepak K.''' (local contestant ID SS14), known in the show as Deepak, participated in other music competition reality TV shows on other channels, including ''[[Zee Tamil Sa Re Ga Ma Pa 2009 Challenge]]''. He was eliminated from the show at the conclusion of the Latest Peppy Songs Round in the episode originally telecast on 27 January 2011. He was the second eliminated local contestant.

Despite his early elimination, Deepak became a playback singer in 2012 after singing "Boy Boy" for the [[Telugu language]] film, ''[[Neeku Naaku Dash Dash]]''.<ref name="Hindu11Jul12"/>

{{Clear}}

'''Sakthi Loganathan''' (local contestant ID SS03 and top 10 contestant ID SS09), known in the show as Shakthi, is related to playback singer [[Tiruchi Loganathan]]. Prior to entering the competition, he participated in music competition reality TV shows on rival [[Tamil language]] TV channels, including [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]'s ''Athiradi Singer'' in 2009. He was finally eliminated from ''Airtel Super Singer 3'' on 1 July 2011 at the conclusion of the Western Round originally telecast on 1 July 2011.

In 2013, Shakthi married fellow-eliminated contestant Mathangi Sounderrajan. In 2015, he auditioned for season 5 of the show.

{{Clear}}

'''Krishna Sridharan''' (local contestant ID SS09), known in the show as Krishna, was born to a family hailing from [[Kerala]]. He received training in [[Carnatic music]],<ref name="Hindu11Jul12"/> and is a software engineer.<ref name="Hindu11Jul12"/> He was eliminated at the conclusion of the Retro Round originally telecast on 17 June 2011.

{{Clear}}

'''Jithin Raj''' (local contestant ID SS13), known in the show as Jithin, was born to a family hailing from [[Kerala]]. An engineering graduate prior to entering the competition, he was eliminated from the competition at the conclusion of the Ramarajan Hits Round originally telecast on 24 February 2011.

Jithin subsequently entered as a contestant and was crowned first runner-up in season 2 of ''Indian Voice'',<ref name="Times8Aug14">{{cite news|author=Deepa Soman|title=Jithin Raj sings in Tamil with Shreya Ghosal – The Times of India|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=8 August 2014|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/music/Jithin-Raj-sings-in-Tamil-with-Shreya-Ghosal/articleshow/39871531.cms|access-date=26 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="DCOct13">{{cite news|author=Shreejaya Nair |title=Jithin Raj, the handsome singer! |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |date=23 October 2013 |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/131023/entertainment-tvmusic/article/jithin-raj-handsome-singer |access-date=26 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150810233743/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/131023/entertainment-tvmusic/article/jithin-raj-handsome-singer |archive-date=10 August 2015 }}</ref> a music competition reality TV show which was broadcast in 2012 on [[Malayalam language]] TV channel [[Mazhavil Manorama]]. He was later chosen by music director [[D. Imman]] to sing in the 2015 Tamil language film ''[[Sigaram Thodu]]'',<ref name="Times8Aug14"/> having made his debut as a playback singer in the yet to be released Tamil film ''Uppili'',<ref name="Times8Aug14"/><ref name="DCOct13"/> and Malayalam language film ''Avarude Veedu''.<ref name="DCOct13"/> Jithin also made his debut as an actor in the Malayalam language film entitled ''Neeyum Pinne Njanum'',<ref name="DCOct13"/> and in ''Vaanavil Vaazhkai'' – a 2015 Tamil language film directed by [[James Vasanthan]] which received mostly negative reviews.<ref name="Hindu13Mar15">{{cite news|author=Vishal Menon|title=Vaanavil vaazhkai: Good music, no movie – The Hindu|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=13 March 2015|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/cinema-reviews/vaanavil-vaazhkai-review-good-music-no-movie/article6990473.ece|access-date=26 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="Times15Mar15">{{cite news|author=M Suganth|title=Vaanavil Vaazhkai Movie Review – The Times of India|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=15 March 2015|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/Vaanavil-Vaazhkai/movie-review/46569449.cms|access-date=26 April 2015}}</ref>

{{Clear}}

'''Mathangi Sounderrajan''' (local contestant ID SS11), known in the show as Mathangi, participated in music competition reality TV shows on rival [[Tamil language]] TV channels prior to entering the competition, including [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]'s ''Athiradi Singer'' in 2009. Notably, she had also won season 3 of [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]'s ''Ennodu Paattu Paadungal'' which was telecast on [[Jaya TV]]. She was the fourth local contestant to be eliminated from the competition at the conclusion of the Koothu Songs Round originally telecast on 10 February 2011.

In 2013, Mathangi married fellow-eliminated contestant Sakthi Loganathan.

{{Clear}}

'''Madhumitha Srinivasan''' (local contestant ID SS02), commonly known as "[[Madhu Iyer]]", was born to a family hailing from [[Kerala]]. Madhumitha previously featured in another music competition broadcast by [[Vijay TV]] entitled ''Apoorva Ragangal'' where she was selected as the best performer. She receives training in [[Hindustani music]] from [[Sriram Parasuram]] (husband of a former judge from the show, [[Anuradha Sriram]]), and in [[Carnatic music]] from P. Vasanthkumar.<ref name="Times23Dec2013">{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/We-automatically-connect-with-Carnatic-music/articleshow/27627361.cms|title=We automatically connect with Carnatic music – Times of India|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=23 December 2013|access-date=25 April 2015}}</ref> She was eliminated at the conclusion of the Dedication Round originally telecast on 3 March 2011.

{{Clear}}

'''Madhumitha R.''' (local contestant ID SS06) was born to a family hailing from [[Kerala]]. She was eliminated at the conclusion of the Kannadasan Hits Round originally telecast on 2 June 2011.

{{Clear}}

'''Soundharya Nandakumar''' (local contestant ID SS20), known in the show as Soundharya, is a trained [[Indian classical dance]]r.<ref name="Hindu11Jul12"/> She was eliminated at the conclusion of the Debut Songs Round originally telecast on 24 March 2011, but subsequently appeared in season 4 of the show and progressed to a further stage in that season of the competition.

{{Clear}}

'''Saiesan Muthulingam''', known in the show as Sai Esan, was born on 23 February 1994 in [[Toronto]] to a [[Sri Lankan Tamil people|Sri Lankan Tamil]] family. Hailing from Canada, Sai Esan had to travel to India to participate in the competition. He was the youngest contestant, being at the age of 17 when he entered the competition. However, being one of the 9 international finalists who entered the competition in March 2011, he missed many of the main level auditions and the first 9 main competition performance rounds. Prior to entering the competition, he learnt [[Carnatic music]] for ten years, and had performed songs in the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Hindi language]]s during stage performances in Toronto and in the United States of America. He was the second-placed international contestant, after being eliminated from the competition at the conclusion of the Juniors versus Seniors Round in the episode originally telecast on 10 June 2011.

{{Clear}}

'''Suraj''' hails from Singapore, and had to travel to India to participate in the competition. He entered the competition as one of 9 international finalists in March 2011 but missed many of the main level auditions and the first 9 main competition performance rounds. He was the third-placed international contestant, after being eliminated from the competition at the conclusion of the Kamal Hits Round originally telecast on 26 May 2011.

{{Clear}}

'''Vijitha Sureshkumar''', known in the show as Vijitha, was born to a [[Sri Lankan Tamil people|Sri Lankan Tamil]] family. Hailing from Canada, she had to travel to India to participate in the competition. She entered the competition as one of 9 international finalists in March 2011 but missed many of the main level auditions and the first 9 main competition performance rounds. Vijitha appeared as a host of the show during the Moon Songs Round originally telecast from 28 March 2011 to 31 March 2011, based on her experience as a [[Tamil language]] [[radio jockey|RJ]] in Canada which was noted by the judges during the show. However, when resuming as a contestant, her comments during the episode telecast on 12 May 2011 caused some concern. She was the sixth eliminated international contestant at the conclusion of the Dedication Round originally telecast on 19 May 2011.

{{Clear}}

'''Elizabeth Malini''' hails from [[Norway]], and had to travel to India to participate in the competition. She entered the competition as one of 9 international finalists in March 2011 but missed many of the main level auditions and the first 9 main competition performance rounds. She and Shanthya were jointly eliminated from the competition at the conclusion of the Commercial Hits Round originally telecast on 12 May 2011.

{{Clear}}

'''Shanthya''' was born to a [[Sri Lankan Tamil people|Sri Lankan Tamil]] family. Hailing from Canada, she had to travel to India to participate in the competition. She entered the competition as one of 9 international finalists in March 2011 but missed many of the main level auditions and the first 9 main competition performance rounds. She and Elizabeth were jointly eliminated from the competition at the conclusion of the Commercial Hits Round originally telecast on 12 May 2011.

{{Clear}}

'''Nirjaany Nirjaa Karunakaran''', known in the show as Nirjani, was born to a [[Sri Lankan Tamil people|Sri Lankan Tamil]] family. Hailing from Canada, she had to travel to India to participate in the competition leaving aside her job as a travel consultant. She entered the competition as one of 9 international finalists in March 2011 but missed many of the main level auditions and the first 9 main competition performance rounds. She was the fourth eliminated international contestant at the conclusion of the Bharathiraja Round originally telecast on 28 April 2011.

In 2015, she participated in auditions for season 5 of the show.

{{Clear}}

'''Jaishree Vishwanathan''', known in the show as Jaishri, hails from Singapore, and had to travel to India to participate in the competition. She entered the competition as one of 9 international finalists in March 2011 but missed many of the main level auditions and the first 9 main competition performance rounds. She was the fifth eliminated international contestant at the conclusion of the Freestyle Round originally telecast on 5 May 2011.

{{Clear}}

'''Dinesh''' hails from Singapore, and had to travel to India to participate in the competition. He entered the competition as one of 9 international finalists in March 2011 but missed many of the main level auditions and the first 9 main competition performance rounds. He was the first eliminated international contestant from the competition at the conclusion of the New Songs Round originally telecast on 7 April 2011.

{{Clear}}

'''Deepika''' (local contestant ID SS17) was eliminated from the show at the conclusion of the Love Songs Round in the episode originally telecast on 17 February 2011. She was the fifth eliminated local contestant.

{{Clear}}

'''Aravind''' (local contestant ID SS08) was born to a family hailing from [[Kerala]]. He was eliminated from the show at the conclusion of the Judges Songs Round in the episode originally telecast on 3 February 2011. He was the third eliminated local contestant.

In 2015, he auditioned for season 5 of the show, and was selected as a top 33 finalist.

{{Clear}}

'''John Vianni''' (local contestant ID SS18) was eliminated from the show at the conclusion of the Folk Round in the episode originally telecast on 20 January 2011. He was the first eliminated local contestant.

== Finals ==

=== Main Competition Performance Rounds ===

==== Introduction Round (3 January 2011 – 6 January 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Performers (3 January 2011 and 4 January 2011 episodes only):''' actress & playback singer [[Andrea Jeremiah]], playback singer [[Mano (singer)|Mano]], and winners of earlier seasons of the TV series ([[Alka Ajith]], [[Ajeesh]] & Krishnamoorthy)
* '''Permanent Judges (5 January 2011 and 6 January 2011 episodes only):''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]] and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]
* '''Performances:'''

This round was a special non-competition celebration round. It was the first time the top 20 contestants would perform at the new and unique ''Airtel Super Singer 3'' studio, where the finals took place for the most part. This presumably also marked the start of the new year, 2011, as there was no risk of eliminations this week. Nevertheless, the episode telecast on 3 January 2011 did not showcase contestant performances, but instead consisted of performances by non-contestant guest performers.

In the episode telecast on 4 January 2011, the initial top 20 local contestants were required to perform in small groups. The first group of contestants ([[Saicharan]], Shrinivas, and Hariharasuthan) performed the song "Om Sivoham" from the 2009 film, ''[[Naan Kadavul]]'' (lyrics penned by [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]], music by [[Ilaiyaraaja]], and originally sung by [[Vijay Prakash]]). This was followed by another special performance by guest Andrea Jeremiah who sang the song "Thediyae", which she had sung in the 2010 film, [[Va (film)|''Va'']] (lyrics penned by [[Thiagarajan Kumararaja|Kumararaja]] and music by [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]). Next was a performance of the song "Raadhai Manadhil" from the 2000 film ''[[Snegithiye]]'' (lyrics penned by [[Vairamuthu]], music by [[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]], and originally sung by [[K. S. Chithra]], [[Sujatha Mohan]] & Sangeetha Sajith).

In the episodes telecast on 5 and 6 January 2011, the permanent judges were introduced, and the top 20 contestants were required to each provide a solo performance in the order of their contestant IDs.

After contestant SS18 John Vianni's performance of "Aathangara Maname" (originally sung by [[Mano (singer)|Mano]] and Sujatha Mohan), Sujatha Mohan and presenter Divya together with John Vianni sang an excerpt of "Aathangara Maname" together as a special performance.

===== Initial top 20 contestant IDs =====

The top 20 local finalists selected through the main audition rounds are as follows:

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; width: auto;"
|- style="background:#C1D8FF;"
!style="background-color:#C1D8FF;"|Contestant ID
!style="background-color:#C1D8FF;"|Finalist
!style="background-color:#C1D8FF;"|Gender
|-
|SS01
|Sathyaprakash
|Male
|-
|SS02
|Madhumathi Srinivasan (Also known as "Madhumitha S" and "[[Madhu Iyer]]")
|Female
|-
|SS03
|Sakthi Loganathan ("Shakthi")
|Male
|-
|SS04
|Srinivasan Raghunathan ("Shrinivas")
|Male
|-
|SS05
|Santhosh Hariharan
|Male
|-
|SS06
|R. Madhumitha
|Female
|-
|SS07
|Malavika Sundar
|Female
|-
|SS08
|Arvind
|Male
|-
|SS09
|Krishna Sridharan
|Male
|-
|SS10
|[[Saisharan]]
|Male
|-
|SS11
|Mathangi Sounderrajan
|Female
|-
|SS12
|Kaushik
|Male
|-
|SS13
|Jithin Raj
|Male
|-
|SS14
|Deepak Subramanyam
|Male
|-
|SS15
|Jayalakshmi
|Female
|-
|SS16
|Hariharasuthan
|Male
|-
|SS17
|Deepika
|Female
|-
|SS18
|John Vinni
|Male
|-
|SS19
|Dhanyashree
|Female
|-
|SS20
|Soundarya Bala Nandakumar
|Female
|-
|}

==== Yuvan Shankar Raja Hits Round (10 January 2011 – 13 January 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Judge:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]]
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]] and [[S. P. Sailaja]]

This round required the initial top 20 local contestants to perform hits of music director, [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]].

Performances from this round were noteworthy.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/tv-airtel-super-singers-season-3-kicks-off/20110121.htm| title = Why you should watch these Super Singers - Rediff.com}}</ref>

==== Folk Round (17 January 2011 – 20 January 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Mano (singer)|Mano]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 20 local contestants to perform songs of a folk genre. At the end of this round, the permanent judges eliminated contestant SS18 John from the competition.

==== Latest "Peppy" Songs Round (24 January 2011 – 27 January 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' [[Sivakarthikeyan]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]] and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]
* '''Guest Judge:''' [[Unni Menon]]

This round required the initial top 19 local contestants to perform recently released "peppy" songs. At the end of this round, the permanent judges eliminated contestant SS14 Deepak from the competition.

==== Judges Songs Round (31 January 2011 – 3 February 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 18 local contestants to perform songs originally sung by the show's permanent judges. At the end of this round, the permanent judges eliminated contestant SS08 Arvind from the competition.

==== Koothu Songs Round (7 February 2011 – 10 February 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 17 local contestants to perform [[koothu]]-style songs in a one-versus-one style competition. The weaker performing competitor of each pair of contestants was sent to a "weakest performing competitor" zone while the other contestant was safe from eliminations this week. Contestants who entered this zone included contestant SS20 Soundarya, contestant and SS11 Mathangi.

At the end of this round, the permanent judges eliminated contestant SS11 Mathangi Sounderrajan from the competition. This decision was particularly controversial, and was challenged by various other contestants after the decision was announced, many viewers who considered the decision unjustified at such an early stage in the competition. Contestant Mathangi Sounderrajan was previously crowned runner up [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]'s ''Athiradi Singer'' in 2009, and was the winner in season 3 of [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]'s ''Ennodu Paattu Paadungal'' telecast on [[Jaya TV]].

==== Love Songs Round (14 February 2011 – 17 February 2011) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Divyadarshini|DD]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This ''Kaadhal Gaanangal'' ("Love Melodies") round required the initial top 16 local contestants to provide a duet performance of a love song. Despite being duet performances, contestants were judged individually. Contestants who were waitlisted after the performances were required to provide a solo performance of love song with a view to avoiding elimination in this week's round. Contestants who entered the danger zone included SS20 Soundarya, SS05 Santhosh Hariharan, and SS17 Deepika.

At the end of this round, the permanent judges eliminated contestant SS17 Deepika from the competition.

==== Ramarajan Hits Round (21 February 2011 – 24 February 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' [[Sivakarthikeyan]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Mano (singer)|Mano]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 15 local contestants to perform songs featured in hit films starring actor [[Ramarajan]]. Contestants who entered the danger zone this week included contestant SS20 Soundarya and contestant SS13 Jithin Raj.

At the end of this round, the permanent judges eliminated contestant SS13 Jithin Raj from the competition.

==== Dedication Round (28 February 2011 – 3 March 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' [[Sivakarthikeyan]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 14 local contestants to perform songs whom they could dedicate to anyone they wished. The round was very emotional for contestants, judges, and the viewers. Sivakarthikeyan presented this round particularly well.

Contestants who entered the danger zone this week included contestant SS20 Soundarya and SS03 Madhumitha S. ("[[Madhu Iyer]]") Many viewers considered that contestant SS20 Soundarya should have been eliminated by this time. However, at the end of this round, the permanent judges eliminated contestant SS03 Madhumitha S. ("[[Madhu Iyer]]") from the competition.

==== International Contestant Auditions (7 March 2011 – 10 March 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[S. P. Sailaja]], [[Malgudi Shubha]], [[Unni Menon]] & [[Sowmya]]

This week's episode telecast auditions held in Singapore for international contestants. Playback singer [[Vijay Prakash]] appeared as a guest performer in the episode telecast on 8 March 2011 to give a special performance of "Om Sivoham".

In the end, 9 international contestants were introduced as finalists to the show (in addition to the 13 remaining local finalists):

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; width: auto;"
|- style="background:#C1D8FF;"
!style="background-color:#C1D8FF;"|Finalist
!style="background-color:#C1D8FF;"|Gender
!style="background-color:#C1D8FF;"|Country
|-
|Dinesh
|Male
|Singapore
|-
|Elizabeth
|Female
|Canada
|-
|Jayashri
|Female
|Singapore
|-
|Saiesan
|Male
|Canada
|-
|Sooraj
|Male
|Singapore
|-
|Shanthya
|Female
|Norway
|-
|Nirjaani
|Female
|Canada
|-
|Vijitha
|Female
|Canada
|-
|Praveen
|Male
|Singapore
|-
|}

==== MGR Saroja Devi Round (14 March 2011 – 17 March 2011) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Divyadarshini|DD]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[Mano (singer)|Mano]]
* '''Guest Judge:''' [[P. Susheela]]

This round required the male contestants to perform songs featured in hit films starring actor [[M. G. Ramachandran]], and female songs featured in hit films starring actress [[B. Saroja Devi]].

At the end of the round, the judges announced that none of the initial top 13 local contestants would be eliminated from the competition based on their performances this week. The judges also announced that the performances by the international contestants will be assessed over the next 3 weeks and the total marks will be averaged before any international contestants are eliminated.

==== Debut Songs Round (21 March 2011 – 24 March 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 13 local contestants (as well as the 9 international contestants) to perform songs from which various South Indian singers made their debut as playback singers in the [[Tamil cinema|Tamil film (also known as "Kollywood")]] industry.

At the end of this round, the permanent judges eliminated contestant SS20 Soundarya from the competition. As announced in the previous week, international contestants were safe from elimination during this round.

==== Moon Songs Round (28 March 2011 – 31 March 2011) ====
* '''Host:''' International Contestant Vijitha
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]] and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]
* '''Guest Judge:''' [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]]

The "Nila Padalgal" (Moon Songs) round required the initial top 12 local contestants (as well as the 9 international contestants) to perform songs over two parts which fitted the theme of the week – the moon. The setting and lighting in the studio where the show is recorded was transformed completely. The Host, voice trainer, permanent judges, and contestants were all dressed in white (or black and white) to celebrate the theme.

At the end of this round, the permanent judges placed contestants SS16 Hariharasuthan and SS12 Kaushik into the danger zone before eliminating contestant SS16 Hariharasuthan from the competition. As announced in the previous week, international contestants were safe from elimination during this round.

==== New Songs Round (4 April 2011 – 7 April 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' [[Sivakarthikeyan]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 11 local contestants (as well as the 9 international contestants) to perform songs recently released.

At the end of this round, all top 11 local contestants were safe from eliminations. However, the permanent judges announced that an international contestant would be eliminated every fortnight. The first international contestant to be eliminated by the permanent judges was Dinesh from Singapore.

==== Special Performance Round (11 April 2011 – 14 April 2011) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Deepak Dinkar|Deepak]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Haricharan (singer)|Haricharan]] and [[Suchitra|Suchithra Karthik Kumar]]

This non-elimination round required the initial top 11 local contestants (as well as the 8 international contestants) to compete for a prize of 100,000 rupees.

==== Other Language Songs Round (18 April 2011 – 21 April 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]
* '''Guests (episode telecast on 19 April 2011 only):''' [[Siddharth (actor)|Siddharth]] and [[Priya Anand]]

This round required the initial top 11 local contestants (as well as the 8 international contestants) to perform songs in languages other than [[Tamil language|Tamil]].

During the week, actor [[Siddharth (actor)|Siddharth]], actress [[Priya Anand]], and director Jayendra made a guest appearance on the show to promote the release of the then-recently released film, [[180 (2011 Indian film)|180]].

At the end of this round, all 8 international contestants were safe from eliminations while contestant Shakthi and contestant Malavika were placed in the danger zone from the top 11 contestants. However, the permanent judges decided not to eliminate either contestant this week.

==== Bharathiraja Round (25 April 2011 – 28 April 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' [[Sivakarthikeyan]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 11 local contestants (as well as the 8 international contestants) to perform songs featured in films directed by [[Bharathiraja]].

At the end of this round, all top 11 contestants were safe from eliminations. However, the permanent judges eliminated contestant Nirjani from Canada.

==== Freestyle Round (2 May 2011 – 5 May 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 11 local contestants (as well as the 7 international contestants) to perform songs of their choice.

At the end of this round, contestants Sakthi, Jayashri, Shanthya, and Elizabeth were placed in the danger zone before the permanent judges eliminated international contestant Jayashri from Singapore.

Shortly before the elimination, host Divya Vijaygopal commented to two contestants during the final episode of the week that they were always in the danger zone and were not practising. Subsequently, viewers expressed that the comments were extremely inappropriate and proposed that she be replaced as the show's permanent television anchor.

==== Commercial Hits Round (9 May 2011 – 12 May 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]] and [[Sujatha Mohan]]
* '''Guest Judge:''' [[Annupamaa]]
* '''Performances:'''

Prior to the commencement of the round, the show disclosed that there would be a double elimination of international contestants this week.

The round required the initial top 11 local contestants (as well as the 6 international contestants) to perform commercial hit songs. In particular, male contestants were required to perform hit songs played in movies to introduce actors as the hero, while female contestants were required to perform hit songs played in movies to introduce actresses as heroines.

At the end of this round, international contestants Shanthya and Elizabeth were eliminated from the competition.

==== Dedication Round (16 May 2011 – 19 May 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' [[Sivakarthikeyan]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 11 local contestants (as well as the 4 international contestants) to perform songs dedicated to any person of their choice.

At the end of this round, contestant Srinivas, international contestant Sai Esan, and international contestant Vijitha from Canada was placed in the danger zone. International contestant Vijitha from Canada was eliminated.

==== Kamal Hits Round (23 May 2011 – 26 May 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

This round required the initial top 11 local contestants (as well as the 3 international contestants) to perform songs featuring or performed by actor [[Kamal Haasan]].

At the end of the round, contestant Sakthi, contestant Dhanyashree, international contestant Suraj and international contestant Sai Esan were placed in the danger zone by the permanent judges, before the permanent judges eliminated international contestant Suraj.

==== Kannadasan Hits Round (30 May 2011 – 2 June 2011) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Gopinath Chandran|Gopinath]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]] and [[Sujatha Mohan]]
* '''Guest Judge:''' [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]]

This round required the initial top 11 local contestants (as well as the 2 international contestants) to perform hit songs for which lyrics were penned by lyricist [[Kannadasan]].

At the end of the round, the permanent judges placed contestant Sakthi, contestant Krishna, contestant Madhumitha R., and international contestant Praveen, into the danger zone before eliminating contestant Madhumitha R.

==== Juniors versus Seniors Round (6 June 2011 – 10 June 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], and [[Malgudi Shubha]]
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[Unni Menon]] and [[Annupamaa]]

This round required the initial top 10 local contestants (as well as 2 international contestants) to compete against various former contestants from seasons 1 and 2 of the [[Airtel Super Singer Junior]] show, and former contestants from Vijay TV's Junior Super Stars show.

At the end of this round, the permanent judges placed contestant Sakthi, contestant Dhanyashree, contestant Santosh, and international contestant Sai Esan into the danger zone before eliminating international contestant Sai Esan from the competition.

==== Retro Round (13 June 2011 – 17 June 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' [[Sivakarthikeyan]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]] and [[Sujatha Mohan]]
* '''Performances:'''

The initial top 10 local contestants (and 1 international contestant) were required to sing retro-style songs from 1970s and 1980s films. Each contestant was required to sing a song in the first part of the round, and another song in the second part of the round.

At the conclusion of the round, the judges placed 4 contestants (Kaushik, Malavika, Krishna & Shakthi) into the danger zone. The judges said that Krishna (together with Saicharan and Sathyaprakash) was one of the most technically sound singers left in the competition, "but the soul in the singing of film songs" is something Krishna still needs to understand. The judges also said that Kaushik and Krishna lacked confidence in their singing. In the end, the judges eliminated Krishna.

:{{Color box|lightskyblue|border=darkgray}} – Non-competitive performance
:{{Color box|lightpink|border=darkgray}} – Contestant is eliminated from bottom four

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; width: auto;"
|- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center;"
!Air date
!Order
!Contestant(s)
!Song
!Original artist
!Lyricist 
!Music composer/director
!Source/Movie (year)
|-
|rowspan=5 |17 June 2011
| 1
| Shakthi
|"Ore Naal Unnai Naan"
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] & [[Vani Jayaram]]
|[[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]]
|[[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|[[Ilamai Oonjal Aadukirathu]] (1976)
|-
| 2
| Malavika
|"Aayiram Malargale"
|[[Jency Anthony|Jency]], [[Malaysia Vasudevan]] & [[S. P. Sailaja]]
|[[Kannadasan]]
|Ilaiyaraaja
|[[Niram Maaratha Pookkal]] (1979)
|-
| 3
| Santhosh
|"Bhoopalam Isaikkum"
|[[K. J. Yesudas]] & [[Uma Ramanan]]
|Muthulingam
|Ilaiyaraaja
|[[Thooral Ninnu Pochchu]] (1982)
|-
| 4
| Shrinivas
|"Poove Ilaiya Poove"
|[[Malaysia Vasudevan]]
|[[Vairamuthu]]
|Ilaiyaraaja
|[[Kozhi Koovuthu (1982 film)|Kozhi Koovuthu]] (1982)
|-
| 5
|style="background:lightpink" | Krishna
|style="background:lightskyblue" |"Vaa Vaa En Devadhai"
|style="background:lightskyblue" |[[Madhu Balakrishnan]]
|style="background:lightskyblue" |Vairamuthu
|style="background:lightskyblue" |[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|style="background:lightskyblue" |[[Abhiyum Naanum (film)|Abhiyum Naanum]] (2008)
|-
|}

==== Top 10 Celebrations Round and Avan Ivan Special (20 June 2011 – 24 June 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]] and [[Malgudi Shubha]]
* '''Guest Judges:''' [[S. P. Sailaja]] and [[Unni Menon]]
* '''Guest Appearance:''' [[Arya (actor)|Arya]] and [[Vishal (actor)|Vishal]]

The initial top 9 local contestants and 1 international contestant remaining in the competition were named the top 10 contestants. Contestant IDs were changed for this leg of the competition.

=====New contestant IDs for Top 10 contestants=====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; width: auto;"
|- style="background:#C1D8FF;"
!style="background-color:#C1D8FF;"|Contestant ID
!style="background-color:#C1D8FF;"|Finalist
!style="background-color:#C1D8FF;"|Gender
|-
|SS01
|Sathyaprakash
|Male
|-
|SS02
|Pooja Vaidyanath ("Pooja")
|Female
|-
|SS03
|Koushik
|Male
|-
|SS04
|Srinivasan Raghunathan ("Shrinivas")
|Male
|-
|SS05
|Santhosh Hariharan
|Male
|-
|SS06
|Dhanyashree
|Female
|-
|SS07
|[[Saisharan]]
|Male
|-
|SS08
|Malavika Sundar
|Female
|-
|SS09
|Sakthi Loganathan ("Shakthi")
|Male
|-
|SS10
|[[Pravin Saivi]]
|Male
|}

==== Western Round (27 June 2011 – 1 July 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]] and [[Sujatha Mohan]]
* '''Guest Judge:''' [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]]
* '''Guest:''' Karthik's band

Contestant Sakthi was eliminated at the conclusion of this round.

==== Devotional Songs Round (4 July 2011 – 8 July 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya
* '''Special Guest Host:''' [[Suki Sivam]]
* '''Permanent Voice Trainer:''' [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[P. Unnikrishnan]], [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]] & [[Sujatha Mohan]]
* '''Guest Judges:''' Veeramani Raju, [[Sirkazhi G. Sivachidambaram]], Mahanadhi Shobana Vignesh & T. L. Maharajen
* '''Special Guest Musicians:''' [[Rajhesh Vaidhya]] (veena), K. V. Prasad (mridangam), T. H. V. Umashankar (ghatam), K.J. Vijay (flute) & Chitti (vibraphone)
* '''Performances:'''

The "Bhakthi Padalgal" (Devotional Songs) round required the top contestants to perform songs which fitted in the [[devotional song|devotional]] genre. During this round, guest judge [[Sirkazhi G. Sivachidambaram]] also gave a special performance, singing "Maname Unnakken Indha Vaattam"(originally sung by his father [[Sirkazhi Govindarajan]]). The performance from [[Saicharan]] was the best from this round.

:{{Color box|lightskyblue|border=darkgray}} – Non-competitive performance
:{{Color box|lightpink|border=darkgray}} – Contestant is eliminated

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; width: auto;"
|- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center;"
!Air date
!Contestant(s)
!Song
!Original artist
!Lyricist 
!Music composer/director
!Source/Movie (year)
|-
|rowspan=4 | July 2011
| Sathyaprakash
|"Kettadhum Koduppavane Krishna"
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|[[Kannadasan]] 
|[[M. S. Viswanathan]]
|[[Deiva Magan]] (1969)
|-
| Dhanyashri
|"Yedu Thanthaanadi"
|[[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]] & [[S. Varalakshmi]]
|[[Kannadasan]] & Poovai Senguttuvan
|[[Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan]]
|[[Rajaraja Cholan]] (1973)
|-
| [[Saicharan]]
|"Isai Thamizh Nee Seidha"
|[[T. R. Mahalingam (actor)|T. R. Mahalingam]] 
|[[Kannadasan]]
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| [[Thiruvilaiyadal]] (1965)
|-
| Malavika
|"Solla Solla"
|[[P. Susheela]] 
|Kannadasan
|K. V. Mahadevan
|Kandan Karunai (1967)
|-
|}

==== Evergreen Songs Round (11 July 2011 – 14 July 2011) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Gopinath Chandran|C. Gopinath]]
* '''Permanent Judges:''' [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]], [[Sujatha Mohan]] and [[P. Unnikrishnan]]
* '''Performances:'''

==== Rajini Songs (18 July 2011 – 21 July 2011) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Gopinath Chandran|C. Gopinath]]

==== Unplugged Round (25 July 2011 – 28 July 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya

==== Top 5 Selection Round (1 August 2011 – 5 August 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya

The top 6 remaining contestants were required to perform.

At the conclusion of the round, Kaushik was eliminated.

==== (8 August 2011 – 11 August 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya

The top 5 remaining contestants were required to perform.

At the conclusion of the round, Malavika was finally eliminated.

=== Semifinal Rounds ===

==== Independence Day Special (15 August 2011 – 19 August 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya

==== Semi Finals Round (22 August 2011 – 26 August 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya

Saisharan was eliminated.

=== Wildcard Rounds & SS Awards ===

==== Wildcard Entry Round (29 August 2011 – 2 September 2011) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Gopinath Chandran|C. Gopinath]]

==== Wildcard Performance Round (5 September 2011 – 9 September 2011) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Gopinath Chandran|C. Gopinath]]

==== Super Singer Awards and Wildcard Results (12 September 2011 – 13 September 2011) ====
* '''Host:''' [[Gopinath Chandran|C. Gopinath]]

=== Prefinal Rounds ===

==== Super Singers Perform Live (14 September 2011 – 16 September 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya

==== Prefinals (19 September 2011 – 22 September 2011) ====
* '''Permanent Host:''' Divya

===Live Grand Finale (23 September 2011)===
* '''Permanent Hosts:''' Divya and [[Sivakarthikeyan]]
* '''Chief Guests:''' [[Dhanush]], [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]] and [[A. R. Murugadoss]]
* '''Performances:'''

The grand finale was held at Chennai Trade Centre and broadcast live, with the results of the competition being announced after midnight.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chennailivenews.com/Music/Events/20111824111848/Super-Singer-3-finals-was-grand-affair.aspx |title=Super Singer-3 finals was grand affair - ChennaiLiveNews.com |website=www.chennailivenews.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111010195117/http://chennailivenews.com/Music/Events/20111824111848/Super-Singer-3-finals-was-grand-affair.aspx |archive-date=2011-10-10}}</ref>

Performances by title winner [[Saisharan]], which consisted of renditions of "Paattum Naane" and "Mazhai Thuli Mazhaithuli Mannil Sangamam", received full cheers from the audience.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://chennaionline.com/City360/Events/20111924011901/Sai-Charan-crowned-Airtel-Super-Singer.col|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926211324/http://chennaionline.com/City360/Events/20111924011901/Sai-Charan-crowned-Airtel-Super-Singer.col|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 September 2011|title = Chennai 360 – Chennaionline}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; width: auto;"
|- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center;"
!Order
!Contestant
!Song sung after award given
!Original artist
!Lyricist 
!Music director
!Movie (year)
|-
|
|SS07 Saisharan
|"Paatum Naane"
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]] 
|[[Kannadasan]]
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
| [[Thiruvilaiyadal]] (1965)
|-
|}

====Grand Final Results (Season 3)====

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name !! Position !! Prize
|-
|[[Saicharan]]|| Winner || Apartment worth 4 million rupees
|-
| Santhosh|| First Runner-up || Car prize
|-
| [[D. Sathyaprakash|Sathyaprakash]] || Second Runner-up || 300,000 rupees cash prize
|-
| Pooja || Third Runner-up || 100,000 rupees cash prize
|-
| Pravin Saivi || Best International Contestant || Bike prize
|-
| Nivas || Tough Wildcard Round Competitor || 100,000 rupees cash prize
|}

==Post finals==

===Vijay TV selected memorable moments (28 September 2011)===
This episode, hosted by Divya, telecast various moments from the show which were selected by Vijay TV as memorable moments.

===Scores and votes from finale (29 September 2011 – 30 September 2011)===
Following the controversy caused by controversial comments made by permanent judge [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]] during the series and particularly after the results were announced at the grand finale, the show held a two-episode "post finals" which revealed each judge's score at the grand finale, and the number of votes received for each of the grand final contestants.

During these episodes, [[Vijay TV]] host Divya confirmed the channel's commitment to respect viewer votes and wishes, although permanent judge Srinivas shouted that the judges and the TV channel actually wished to crown another contestant as the winner and another contestant as the runner-up.

====Judges scores====
Each of the judges at the grand finale scored the contestants or performances out of 20 marks. Prior to the announcement of the judges scores, playback singer [[Sunitha Sarathy]] who did not formally score the contestants confirmed that she felt winner [[Saicharan]] sang flawlessly.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; width: auto;"
|- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center;"
!Judge
!Saicharan
!Sathyaprakash
!Santhosh
!Pooja
|-
| [[Ranina Reddy]]
| 19.0
| 19.0
| 17.0
| 16.0
|-
| Vinaya Karthik Rajan
| 20.0
| 20.0
| 18.0
| 16.5
|-
| Anitha Karthikeyan
| 18.0
| 18.0
| 16.5
| 16.0
|-
| Pushpavanam Kuppusamy
| 18.0
| 16.0
| 15.0
| 14.5
|-
| Anitha Kuppusamy
| 18.0
| 16.0
| 15.0
| 14.0
|-
| [[Krishna Iyer]]
| 16.5
| 17.0
| 13.0
| 16.0
|-
| Kannan
| 17.0
| 17.5
| 15.0
| 14.5
|-
| [[Sangeetha Rajeshwaran]]
| 19.0
| 20.0
| 17.5
| 16.0
|-
| [[Unni Menon]]
| 18.0
| 19.0
| 17.0
| 17.0
|-
| [[S. P. Sailaja]]
| 17.0
| 18.0
| 14.0
| 15.0
|-
| [[Nithyasree Mahadevan]]
| 17.5
| 18.5
| 14.0
| 16.5
|-
| [[Manikka Vinayagam]]
| 17.0
| 19.0
| 16.0
| 17.0
|-
| [[Sriram Parthasarathy]]
| 17.0
| 18.0
| 14.0
| 14.0
|-
| [[Ramya NSK]]
| 18.5
| 20.0
| 16.0
| 15.0
|-
| T. L. Maharajen
| 16.5
| 18.5
| 15.0
| 16.0
|-
| Lavanya
| 18.0
| 20.0
| 14.0
| 16.0
|-
| [[Mahathi (singer)|Mahathi]]
| 17.0
| 20.0
| 14.0
| 16.0
|-
| [[Ajeesh]]
| 15.0
| 14.0
| 12.0
| 14.0
|-
| [[Priya Himesh]]
| 17.0
| 20.0
| 17.0
| 18.0
|-
| [[Velmurugan]]
| 16.0
| 18.0
| 16.0
| 16.0
|-
| [[Chinnaponnu]]
| 14.5
| 16.5
| 14.5
| 13.0
|-
| Maalathi
| 18.0
| 20.0
| 19.0
| 19.0
|-
| [[Malgudi Shubha]]
| 18.5
| 20.0
| 16.5
| 17.0
|-
| [[Mano (singer)|Mano]]
| 17.0
| 19.0
| 16.0
| 19.0
|-
| [[P. Unnikrishnan]]
| 17.0
| 18.0
| 15.0
| 16.0
|-
| [[Sujatha Mohan]]
| 18.5
| 20.0
| 14.5
| 16.0
|-
| [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]]
| 16.5
| 19.0
| 12.0
| 15.5
|-
| [[Ananth Vaidyanathan]]
| 18.5
| 17.0
| 15.5
| 17.0
|-
|
|'''488.5'''
|'''516.0'''
|'''434.0'''
|'''447.5'''
|}

====Viewer votes====
Viewers could also vote on their favourite performances and contestants through various methods.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center; width: auto;"
|- style="background:lightgrey; text-align:center;"
!Grand finalist
!Airtel Subscriber Votes
!SMS Votes
!Online Votes
!Total votes
|-
|Saicharan
| 115,446 (100,000 and 15,466)
| 192,886 (100,000 and 92,886)
| 58,676
| '''367,008''' (300,000 and 8 votes)
|-
|Sathyaprakash
| 17,864
| 106,214 (100,000 and 6,214)
| 38,023
| '''162,101''' (100,000 and 62,101 votes)
|-
|Santhosh
| 12,010
| 141,208 (100,000 and 41,208)
| 47,606
| '''200,904''' (200,000 and 904 votes)
|-
|Pooja
| 7,392
| 77,638
| 28,882
| '''113,912''' (100,000 and 13,912 votes)
|}

====Final results====

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name !! Position
|-
|[[Saicharan]]|| First placed – Winner
|-
| Santhosh|| Second placed – Runner-up
|-
| [[D. Sathyaprakash|Sathyaprakash]] || Third placed
|-
| Pooja || Fourth placed
|}

===Super Singer Special (3 October 2011 – 13 October 2011)===
These episodes hosted by Divya telecasted various special moments from the show, including interviews with contestants and judges, as well as bloopers from the season and previous seasons of the show. These episodes were leading up to season 3 of the junior version of the show, ''[[Airtel Super Singer Junior]]'', which aired from 17 October 2011.

==Controversies==
''Airtel Super Singer Season 3'' had the benefit of the greatest talent and musical personalities performing during the competitive and non-competitive rounds. However, the show was marred by constant controversies, with viewers and even contestants often outraged by the comments and the decisions made by the permanent judges in this season.

The first controversy arose when the permanent judges eliminated contestant Mathangi and leaving 16 other contestants to compete. Several contestants disputed the decision made by the judges immediately after the announcement, and viewers complained to [[Vijay TV]]. Previously, Mathangi was successfully crowned runner-up in [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]'s ''Athiradi Singer'' in 2009, and winner in season 3 of [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]'s ''Ennodu Paattu Paadungal'' telecast on [[Jaya TV]].

The second controversy arose from the very late introduction of international contestants purely for publicity. The show was heavily criticised for failing to introduce the international contestants earlier in the competition, as it became apparent that the international contestants were weeks behind in practice and experience on the show when compared with the local contestants. Many viewers accused the show of attempting to market the show overseas without making an effort to train and improve the international contestants so they could properly perform during the main competition rounds.

The third controversy arose after permanent host Divya Vijaygopal made suggestions during the episode telecast on 5 May 2011 that certain contestants were always in the danger zone and were not practising. Viewers called for Divya to be replaced as the show's television anchor, and felt her remarks were extremely inappropriate and unprofessional.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|10793832}}

{{Airtel Super Singer}}
{{STAR Vijay TV shows}}

[[Category:Star Vijay original programming]]
[[Category:2010 Tamil-language television series debuts]]
[[Category:2010 Tamil-language television seasons]]
[[Category:Tamil-language singing talent shows]]
[[Category:Tamil-language reality television series]]
[[Category:Tamil-language television shows]]
[[Category:2011 Tamil-language television series endings]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Super Singer seasons]]

H. K. Sema

2026-04-05T16:14:39Z

PrakashBar: adding initial data first draft!

{{Short description|Indian judge (born 1943)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image =
| office =
| term_start =
| term_end =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| office1 = Judge of the [[Supreme Court of India]]
| prime_minister1 =
| term_start1 = 2002
| term_end1 = 2008
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 =
| office2 = Judge of the [[Gauhati High Court]], Kohima Bench
| prime_minister2 =
| term_start2 = 1992
| term_end2 = 2001
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1943|06|01|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Nagaland]], India
| children =
| spouse =
| party =
| alma_mater = [[St Joseph's College, Darjeeling]] (1967) [[Government Law College, Mumbai]] (1970)
| profession =
| sibling =
| website =
}}

'''H. K. Sema''' (born 1 June 1943) is an Indian jurist and former judge of the [[Supreme Court of India]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Former Supreme Court Judges of India |url=https://www.sci.gov.in/former-justices |website=web archive |publisher=SCI |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117021545/https://www.sci.gov.in/former-justices |access-date=17 May 2020|archive-date=17 November 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=PTI |title=Retired SC judge advocates own High Court for Nagaland |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/retired-sc-judge-advocates-own-high-court-for-nagaland-114110900458_1.html |access-date=8 April 2022 |work=Business Standard India |date=9 November 2014}}</ref> He has also served as the chairperson of [[Uttar Pradesh Human Rights Commission]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jain |first1=Ritika |title=Most Supreme Court judges like to keep their retirement days busy |url=https://theprint.in/india/governance/most-supreme-court-judges-like-to-keep-their-retirement-days-busy/86192/ |access-date=8 April 2022 |work=ThePrint |date=25 July 2018}}</ref>

==Early life==
Sema was born on 1 June 1943. He completed his graduation from [[St Joseph's College, Darjeeling]] in 1967 and a [[Bachelor of Laws]] from [[Government Law College, Mumbai]] in 1970.<ref name="Profile">{{cite web |title=Former Hon'ble Judges of the Supreme Court of India/ Chief Justice of India, who served as Chief Justice/ Hon'ble Judge of this High Court |url=https://ghconline.gov.in/index.php/former-honble-judges-of-the-supreme-court-of-india-chief-justice-of-india-who-served-as-chief-justice-honble-judge-of-this-high-court/ |website=ghconline.gov.in |access-date=8 April 2022}}</ref>

==Posts held==
*Junior Government Advocate, Nagaland in 1971-1975.<ref name="Profile"/>
*Assistant Advocate General, Nagaland from 16 November 1985.<ref name="Profile"/>
*Judge of [[Gauhati High Court|Guwahati High Court]], Kohima Bench, 1992-2001<ref>{{cite web |title=GHC judge profile |url=http://kohimahighcourt.gov.in/judgesprofile.aspx |website=Kohima high court |access-date=17 May 2020 |archive-date=28 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200428095350/http://kohimahighcourt.gov.in/judgesprofile.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*Judge of [[High Court of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh|High Court of Jammu and Kashmir]], 7 June 2001. Appointed Chief Justice of High Court of Jammu and Kashmir on 12 September 2001.<ref name="Profile"/>
*Appointed as Chief Justice of [[Gujarat High Court]] on 25 January 2000.<ref name="Profile"/>
*Elevated as Judge of the [[Supreme Court of India]], 2002 to 2008.<ref name="Profile"/>
*Chairperson of Uttar Pradesh Human Rights Commission.<ref name="Profile"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sema, H.K.}}
[[Category:1943 births]]
[[Category:Naga people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian judges]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian judges]]
[[Category:Justices of the Supreme Court of India]]

{{India-law-bio-stub}}

Beawar District

2026-04-05T14:16:40Z

PrakashBar: done!

{{one source|date=February 2026}}
{{Short description|District of Rajasthan, India}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Beawar District
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Rajasthan|District]]
| total_type = Total
| image_skyline =
| image_map = Beawar in Rajasthan (India).svg
| map_caption = Location of Beawar district in Rajasthan
| coordinates = {{coord|26|27|N|74|38|E|type:adm3rd_source:itwiki}}
| coor_pinpoint = Ajmer
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Rajasthan]]
| subdivision_type2 = Division
| subdivision_name2 = [[Ajmer division|Ajmer]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Beawar]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
}}

'''Beawar''' is a [[List of districts of Rajasthan|district]] in the [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Rajasthan]] in northern [[India]], whose district headquarters is [[Beawar|Beawar city]]. Beawar district was established on 7 August 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=पोर्टल, राजस्थान सरकार |url=https://beawar.rajasthan.gov.in/home/dptHome |access-date=2025-10-06 |website=beawar.rajasthan.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=पोर्टल, राजस्थान सरकार |url=https://beawar.rajasthan.gov.in/pages/sm/contact-directory/357336/1275/30261 |access-date=2025-10-06 |website=beawar.rajasthan.gov.in}}</ref> It's belongs to [[Ajmer Division]].

==Sub Division==
Beawar District is Divided into 6 [[Tehsil]]s:<ref>{{Cite web |title=पोर्टल, राजस्थान सरकार |url=https://beawar.rajasthan.gov.in/sm/jankalyan-category-and-entry-type/357376/1275/48/76 |access-date=2025-10-06 |website=beawar.rajasthan.gov.in}}</ref>
*[[Beawar]] - This is the main tehsil and also the district headquarters.
*[[Jaitaran]]
*[[Raipur, Rajasthan|Raipur]]
*[[Vijainagar]]
*[[Badnor]]
*[[Masuda, Rajasthan|Masuda]]
*[[Todgarh]]

Neighbour Districts:
[[Ajmer]], [[Bhilwara]], [[Rajsamand]], [[Pali district|Pali]], [[Jodhpur]], [[Nagaur]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Districts of Rajasthan}}
{{Rajasthan}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Districts of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Districts in Ajmer division]]

Jakarta

2026-03-29T07:06:36Z

PrakashBar: improved section and corrected details based on references

{{Short description|Former capital and largest city in Indonesia}}
{{Other uses|Jakarta (disambiguation)}}
{{pp-move}}
{{pp-pc|small=yes}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jakarta
| other_name =
| official_name = Special Region of Jakarta {{lang|id|{{nobold|Daerah Khusus Jakarta}}}}
| translit_lang1 = Local
| translit_lang1_type1 = [[Betawi language|Betawi]]
| translit_lang1_info1 = جاكرتا 
| type = [[Provinces of Indonesia|Special region]]
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| total_width = 300
| border = infobox
| perrow = 1/2/2/2
| caption_align = center
| image1 = Jakarta CBD.jpg
| caption1 = [[Golden Triangle of Jakarta]]
| image2 = Bundaran Hotel Indonesia (2025).jpg
| caption2 = [[Selamat Datang Monument|Bundaran HI]]
| image3 = Batavia City Hall (Jakarta History Museum) Fatahillah Square (2025) - img 03.jpg
| caption3 = [[Jakarta Old Town]]
| image4 = Jakarta Indonesia National-Museum-01.jpg
| caption4 = [[National Museum of Indonesia|National Museum]]
| image5 = Museum Bahari02.jpg
| caption5 = [[Maritime Museum (Indonesia)|Maritime Museum]]
| image6 = Istana Negara (30139691680).jpg
| caption6 = [[Istana Merdeka|Merdeka Palace]]
| image7 = Jakarta Indonesia National-Monument-02.jpg
| caption7 = [[National Monument (Indonesia)|Monas]]
}}
| nickname = {{hlist|''The Big [[Durian]]''|''[[New York City|New York]] Van Java''|''J-Town''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jetstarmag.com/story/a-day-on-the-j-town/1595/1/|title=A Day in J-Town|work=Jetstar Magazine|date=April 2012|access-date=2 January 2013|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801063908/http://www.jetstarmag.com/story/a-day-on-the-j-town/1595/1}}</ref>}}
| motto = {{native phrase|sa-Latn|Jaya Raya}} "Victorious and Great"
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 9
| mapframe-point = none
| mapframe-frame-coord = {{coord}}
| coordinates = {{Coord|format=dms|display=inline, title}}
| image_seal = Coat of arms of Jakarta.svg
| image_flag =
| seal_size = 75px
| seal_type = Coat of arms
| image_blank_emblem = +Jakarta Logo.svg
| blank_emblem_type = [[Wordmark]]
| blank_emblem_size = 110px
| pushpin_map = Indonesia#Asia
| pushpin_mapsize = 300px
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location In Indonesia##Location in [[Asia]]
| pushpin_relief = yes
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{INA}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Indonesia|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Java]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Subdivisions of Indonesia|Administrative cities and regencies]]
| subdivision_name3 = {{Collapsible list
| title = [[List of administrative regencies and administrative cities in Jakarta|List]]
| frame_style = border:yes; padding:0
| list_style = text-align:left; display:yes
| 1= [[Central Jakarta]]
| 2= [[North Jakarta]]
| 3= [[South Jakarta]]
| 4= [[West Jakarta]]
| 5= [[East Jakarta]]
| 6= [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Thousand Islands]]}}
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of metropolitan areas in Indonesia|Metropolitan area]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jakarta Metropolitan Area|Jabodetabek]]
| seat_type = Capital
| seat = [[Central Jakarta]] (''de facto''){{efn|Jakarta is a special region comprising five ''Kota Administrasi'' (administrative cities/municipalities) and one ''Kabupaten Administrasi'' (administrative regency). It has no ''de jure'' capital, but many governmental buildings are located in Central Jakarta.}}
| established_title = First settled
| established_date = 400 BC ([[Buni culture|Buni pottery culture]])
| established_title1 = First mentioned
| established_date1 = 358 AD ([[Tugu inscription]])
| established_title2 = [[Conquest of Sunda Kelapa|Foundation]]
| established_date2 = {{start date and age|1527|06|22|df=y}}<ref name="kemendagri">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kemendagri.go.id/pages/profil-daerah/provinsi/detail/31/dki-jakarta|title=Provinsi – Kementerian Dalam Negeri – Republik Indonesia|trans-title=Province – Ministry of Home Affairs – Republic of Indonesia|language=id|publisher=[[Ministry of Home Affairs (Indonesia)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130219073545/http://www.kemendagri.go.id/pages/profil-daerah/provinsi/detail/31/dki-jakarta|archive-date=19 February 2013|access-date=14 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
| established_title3 = [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Establishment]]
| established_date3 = {{start date and age|1619|05|30|df=y}}<ref name="Ricklefs2001">{{Cite book|last=Ricklefs|first=M. C.|author-link=M. C. Ricklefs|year=2001|title=A History of Modern Indonesia since c.1200|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|edition=3rd|page=35|isbn=9780804744805}}</ref>
| established_title4 = [[City status in Indonesia|City status]]
| established_date4 = {{start date and age|1621|03|04|df=y}}<ref name="kemendagri"/>
| established_title5 = [[Provinces of Indonesia|Province status]]
| established_date5 = {{start date and age|1961|08|28|df=y}}<ref name="kemendagri"/>
| government_type = [[Subdivisions of Indonesia#First level|Special administrative region]]
| governing_body = Special Region of Jakarta Provincial Government
| leader_title = [[Governor of Jakarta|Governor]]
| leader_name = [[Pramono Anung]] ([[PDI-P]])
| leader_title2 = [[Vice Governor of Jakarta|Vice Governor]]
| leader_name2 = [[Rano Karno]]
| leader_title3 = [[Regional House of Representatives|Legislature]]
| leader_name3 = [[Jakarta Regional House of Representatives]] (DPRD)
| area_total_km2 = 660.982
| area_urban_km2 = 3,546
| area_metro_km2 = 7,076.31
| area_rank = [[Provinces of Indonesia|38th in Indonesia]]
| elevation_m = 8
| population_as_of = mid 2025
| population_total = 10,677,975
| population_rank = [[Provinces of Indonesia|6th]] province in Indonesia [[List of Indonesian cities by population|1st]] city in Indonesia
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_footnotes = <ref>Badan Pusat Statistik 2025, DKI Jakarta, 27 February 2026 (Katalog 1102001.31).</ref>
| population_urban = 35,386,000
| population_urban_footnotes = <ref name="Demog19th">{{Cite web|title=Demographia World Urban Areas|url=http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|edition=19th annual|date=August 2023|access-date=4 June 2024}}</ref>
| population_density_urban_km2 = auto
| population_metro = 32,594,159
| population_density_metro_km2 = auto
| population_metro_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id/v2/metropolitan/3|title=Basis Data Pusat Pengemangan Kawasan Perkotaan|trans-title=Urban area development centre database|website=perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id|access-date=31 August 2020|archive-date=6 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200206220012/http://perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id/v2/metropolitan/3|url-status=live}}</ref>
| population_demonym = Jakartan
| demographics_type2 = GDP {{Nobold|(Nominal, 2023)}}
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="bpsdatagdp2023">{{Cite web |author=Badan Pusat Statistik |author-link=Statistics Indonesia |year=2024 |title=Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (Milyar Rupiah), 2022–2023 |url=https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/Mjg2IzI=/-seri-2010--produk-domestik-regional-bruto---milyar-rupiah-.html |publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik |location=Jakarta |language=id}}</ref><ref name="bpsdataperkapita2023">{{Cite web |author=Badan Pusat Statistik |author-link=Statistics Indonesia |year=2024 |title=[Seri 2010] Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Per Kapita (Ribu Rupiah), 2022–2023 |url=https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/Mjg4IzI=/-seri-2010--produk-domestik-regional-bruto-per-kapita--ribu-rupiah-.html |publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik |location=Jakarta |language=id}}</ref>
| demographics1_title3 = [[Languages of Indonesia|Languages and dialects]]
| demographics1_info3 = {{ubl|[[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] (official)|[[Betawi language|Betawi]] (both [[lingua franca]])}}
| demographics2_title1 = [[Provinces of Indonesia|Special region]]
| demographics2_info1 = {{ubl|[[Indonesian rupiah|Rp]] 3,442.98 trillion|[[USD|US$]] 225.88 billion|[[Int$]] 724.01 billion ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])}}
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = {{ubl|[[Indonesian rupiah|Rp]] 322.62 million|[[USD|US$]] 21,166|[[Int$]] 67,842 ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])}}
| demographics2_title3 = Metro
| demographics2_info3 = {{ubl|[[Indonesian rupiah|Rp]] 6,404.70 trillion|[[USD|US$]] 420.192 billion|[[Int$]] 1.346 trillion ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])}}
| timezone = [[Time in Indonesia|WIB]]
| utc_offset = +07:00
| postal_code_type = [[Postal codes in Indonesia|Postal codes]]
| postal_code = {{ubl|10110–14540|19110–19130}}
| registration_plate = B
| blank5_name = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2024)
| blank5_info = {{Increase}} 0.850<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2024/11/15/2296/indeks-pembangunan-manusia--ipm--indonesia-tahun-2024-mencapai-75-02--meningkat-0-63-poin-atau-0-85-persen-dibandingkan-tahun-sebelumnya-yang-sebesar-74-39-.html|title=Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2024|publisher=[[Statistics Indonesia]]|date=2024|language=id|access-date=15 November 2024}}</ref> ([[List of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index|1st]]) – very high
| area_code = +62 21
| iso_code = ID-JK
| website = {{Official URL}}
}}
'''Jakarta''',{{efn|Formerly spelled as '''Djakarta''', and formerly known as [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] until 1949 ({{IPAc-en|dʒ|ə|ˈ|k|ɑr|t|ə|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Jakarta.wav}} {{respell|juh|KAR|tuh}}; {{IPA|id|dʒaˈkarta|audio=Id-Jakarta.ogg}}), [[Betawi language|Betawi]]: ''Jakarta'', ''Jakartè''}} officially the '''Special Region of Jakarta''', previously called the '''Special Capital Region of Jakarta''',{{efn|{{langx|id|Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta}}; ''DKI Jakarta''}} is the [[Capital of Indonesia|''de facto'' capital]] and [[List of Indonesian cities by population|largest city]] of [[Indonesia]] and an autonomous region with administrative status equivalent to a [[Provinces of Indonesia|province]]. Located on the northwest coast of [[Java]], the world’s most populous island, the city borders the provinces of [[West Java]] and [[Banten]] and faces the [[Java Sea]] to the north. Although Jakarta covers about {{convert|661.23|km2|sqmi|abbr=off}}, the wider [[Jakarta metropolitan area]]—commonly known as Greater Jakarta—is one of the [[List of largest cities|largest urban agglomerations in the world]]. The city serves as Indonesia’s political, economic, and cultural centre and hosts numerous national institutions, corporate headquarters, and the secretariat of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ([[ASEAN]]).

The area that is now Jakarta has been inhabited since at least the early centuries of the Common Era and was historically associated with the port of [[Sunda Kelapa]], which served the [[Sunda Kingdom]]. In 1527, the settlement was renamed Jayakarta, following its capture by forces of the [[Demak Sultanate]]. The [[Dutch East India Company]] later seized the city in 1619 and rebuilt it as [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]], the administrative centre of the [[Dutch East Indies]] for more than three centuries. After the [[Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies|Japanese occupation during the Second World War]] and [[Proclamation of Indonesian Independence|Indonesia’s declaration of independence in 1945]], the city adopted the name Jakarta and became the national capital of the newly independent republic.

As Indonesia’s principal financial and commercial hub, Jakarta plays a central role in the country’s economy and in regional trade across Southeast Asia. The city hosts the headquarters of major Indonesian corporations, financial institutions, and the [[Indonesia Stock Exchange]], and has developed into a major centre for business, media, and international diplomacy. Rapid urbanisation since the mid-20th century has transformed Jakarta into a vast metropolitan region, attracting migrants from across the Indonesian archipelago and contributing to its position as the [[List of metropolitan areas in Indonesia|country’s most populous city]] and [[List of ASEAN country subdivisions by GDP|one of the largest urban economies in the region]].

Jakarta is a highly diverse city with no single dominant ethnic group. Its population includes large communities of [[Javanese people|Javanese]], [[Betawi people|Betawi]], [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]], [[Chinese Indonesians]], and migrants from many other regions of Indonesia. [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] is the official language and the primary means of communication, while Betawi culture reflects the historical blending of local, Chinese, Arab, and European influences that developed during the colonial period. As Indonesia’s former capital and largest metropolis, Jakarta struggles with urban challenges including traffic congestion, air pollution, flooding, and land subsidence, issues that have contributed to the national government’s decision to [[Capital of Indonesia#Relocation to Nusantara|relocate Indonesia’s future capital]] to [[Nusantara (planned city)|Nusantara]] in [[East Kalimantan]].

==Etymology==
The area that is now Jakarta has been known by several names throughout its history. Early references to settlements in the area appear in the [[Tugu inscription]] from the [[Tarumanagara]] kingdom in the 4th century, where the name ''Sundapura'' is recorded. In later centuries, the harbour settlement became known as ''Sunda Kelapa'', serving as the principal port of the [[Sunda Kingdom]] on the north coast of western Java.<ref name="names">{{cite news |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/28/the-capitals-childhood-names.html |title=The capital's 'childhood' names |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=28 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128191351/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/28/the-capitals-childhood-names.html |archive-date=28 January 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.exploresunda.com/batavia-jakarta.html |title=Sunda Kelapa – Batavia – Jakarta Jakarta's History in a Glance|work=Explore Sunda |access-date=14 April 2024}}</ref>

The name ''Jayakarta'' was introduced in the 16th century.<ref name="jakarta-news-2011">{{cite web |url=http://www.beritajakarta.com/english/AboutJakarta/HistoryofJakarta.asp |title=History of Jakarta |work=Jakarta News |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820052725/http://www.beritajakarta.com/english/AboutJakarta/HistoryofJakarta.asp |archive-date=20 August 2011}}</ref> It derives from the Sanskrit words ([[Devanagari]]: जयकर्त), derived from the [[Sanskrit]] जय ''jaya'' (victorious),<ref>{{cite web |work=Sanskrit Dictionary |title=jaya |url=http://spokensanskrit.de/index.php?script=DI&beginning=0+&tinput=jaya&trans=Translate&direction=SE |access-date=11 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731043538/http://spokensanskrit.de/index.php?script=DI&beginning=0+&tinput=jaya&trans=Translate&direction=SE |archive-date=31 July 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and कृत ''krta'' (accomplished, acquired),<ref>{{cite web |work=Sanskrit Dictionary |title=krta |url=http://spokensanskrit.de/index.php?script=DI&beginning=0+&tinput=krta+&trans=Translate&direction=SE |access-date=11 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731044135/http://spokensanskrit.de/index.php?script=DI&beginning=0+&tinput=krta+&trans=Translate&direction=SE |archive-date=31 July 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref> meaning “complete victory” or “victorious deed.” Early European accounts recorded the name in forms such as ''Jacatra'' or ''Jacarta''.{{sfn|Cortesão|1990|pp=27–32}} The name marked the political changes in the region during that period and remained in use until the early 17th century.

In 1619, the [[Dutch East India Company]] renamed the city ''[[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]]'', after the [[Batavi (Germanic tribe)|Batavi]], a Germanic tribe whom the Dutch regarded as their ancestral people. The name Batavia remained in official use for more than three centuries during the Dutch colonial period. During the Japanese occupation in the Second World War, the city was briefly renamed ジャカルタ特別市 ''Jakaruta Tokubetsu-shi'' ("Jakarta Special City"),<ref name="names" /> after which the Indonesian form Jakarta became the official name following Indonesian independence.<ref name="names" />

==History==
{{main|History of Jakarta}}

{{For timeline}}

===Early settlements and Sunda Kelapa===
{{further|Sunda Kelapa}}
[[File:Replica of the Luso-Sundanese Padrão Monument.jpg|thumb|170px|[[Luso-Sundanese padrão|Luso-Sundanese ''padrão'']], a monument with a cross of the [[Military Order of Christ|Order of Christ]], commemorating a treaty between [[Portuguese Empire|Portugal]] and Hindu [[Sunda Kingdom|Sunda]] kingdoms]]

The area that now forms Jakarta has been inhabited since prehistoric times. Archaeological evidence from the [[Buni culture]], which flourished on the north coast of western Java between roughly 400 BC and 100 AD,{{sfn|Zahorka|2007|p=?}} indicates early settlements in the region. By the 4th century, the area formed part of the [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]] kingdom of [[Tarumanagara]], one of the earliest Hindu kingdoms in the archipelago. The [[Tugu inscription]], discovered in present-day North Jakarta and dated to around 417 AD, records hydraulic projects undertaken by King Purnawarman, including irrigation and river management works along the Chandrabhaga and Gomati rivers near the kingdom’s capital.{{sfn|Hellman|Thynell|Voorst|2018|p=182}}

Following the decline of Tarumanagara, the region became part of the [[Sunda Kingdom|Kingdom of Sunda]]. From the 7th to the early 13th centuries, the port of Sunda Kelapa developed into an important trading centre connected to regional maritime networks. Chinese records such as the ''[[Zhu Fan Zhi|Chu-fan-chi]]'', written in the early 13th century, describe the port as a prosperous trading hub under the [[Srivijaya]] maritime empire{{sfn|Bunge|Vreeland|1983|p=3}}{{sfn|Ayatrohaédi|2005|p=60}} and note that high-quality pepper from Sunda was among its major exports. By the 14th century Sunda Kelapa had become the principal port of the Sunda Kingdom, supporting trade across Southeast Asia.

European involvement in the region began in the early 16th century when Portuguese ships from Malacca arrived in 1513 while searching for new spice routes.{{sfn|Heuken|1999|p=?}} In 1522, the Sunda Kingdom [[Luso Sundanese padrão|concluded an alliance]] with Portugal, granting permission for the construction of a trading post in order to counter the growing power of the [[Demak Sultanate]] in central Java.<ref name="jakarta-news-2011" /> The arrangement was short-lived, however. In 1527, forces from Demak led by the military commander [[Fatahillah]] captured Sunda Kelapa and expelled the Portuguese. The port was renamed Jayakarta<ref name="jakarta-news-2011" /> and later became a possession of the [[Banten Sultanate]], developing into a significant regional trading centre.

===Batavia under Dutch rule===
{{see also|Batavia, Dutch East Indies|List of colonial buildings and structures in Jakarta}}
[[File:Batavia - Townhall 1770.jpg|thumb|The City Hall of Batavia (''Stadhuis van Batavia''), the seat of the governor-general of the [[Dutch East India Company|VOC]] in the late 18th century by [[Johannes Rach]] c. 1770. The building now houses the [[Jakarta History Museum]], [[Jakarta Old Town]]]]
Conflict between Prince Jayawikarta of the Banten Sultanate and the [[Dutch East India Company]] (VOC) eventually led to the establishment of Dutch control over the city. In 1619, Dutch forces under [[Jan Pieterszoon Coen]] captured and destroyed Jayakarta, defeating both Jayawikarta’s troops and their [[East India Company|English allies]]. The Dutch subsequently established a fortified colonial city on the site and renamed it Batavia,{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}} which became the administrative centre of the [[Dutch East Indies]].

Batavia developed into a major trading hub within the [[Dutch colonial empire]]. Commercial activity attracted migrants from across Asia, including Chinese, Arab, and other trading communities. Rapid population growth, however, also produced social tensions. In 1740, a revolt by Chinese residents led to a [[1740 Batavia massacre|violent suppression in which thousands were killed]], after which Chinese inhabitants were relocated to the [[Glodok]] district outside the city walls.{{sfn|Witton|2003|pp=138–39}} Over time, Batavia continued to expand as trade increased{{sfn|Nas|Grijns|2000|p=145}} and new immigrant communities settled in the city.

During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the city expanded southward as epidemics and overcrowding in the old port district encouraged new residential developments further inland. Urban planning projects created new districts such as [[Menteng]], developed in the 1910s as a planned residential suburb,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://travele.co.id/sejarah-perkembangan-kota-jakarta/|title=Menteng: Pelopor Kota Taman|date=3 November 2007|publisher=Badan Perencanaan Kotamadya Jakarta Pusat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220150339/http://www.bapekojakartapusat.go.id/node/42|archive-date=20 February 2009|language=id}}</ref> while [[Kebayoran Baru]] became one of the last major residential areas constructed during the late colonial period.{{sfn|Witton|2003|pp=138–39}} Dutch colonial rule ended in March 1942 when [[Dutch East Indies campaign|Japanese forces captured the city during the Second World War]] and renamed it Jakarta ({{Nihongo|Jakarta Special City|ジャカルタ特別市|Jakaruta tokubetsu-shi}}, marking the beginning of a new phase in the city’s history.

===Jakarta in independent Indonesia===
[[File:Indonesia declaration of independence 17 August 1945.jpg|thumb|[[Sukarno]] reading the [[Proclamation of Indonesian Independence]] at Jalan Pegangsaan Timur Number 56, Menteng]]
Following the end of the [[Second World War]], Indonesian nationalists [[Proclamation of Indonesian Independence|proclaimed independence]] on 17 August 1945.{{sfn|Waworoentoe|2013}} In the following month, the administration of the city was reorganised as the Jakarta National Administration. During the [[Indonesian National Revolution]], however, Indonesian republican leaders withdrew from [[Allies of World War II|Allied]]-occupied Jakarta and established their temporary capital in [[Yogyakarta]]. After the [[Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference|Netherlands formally recognised Indonesian independence in December 1949]], Jakarta resumed its role as the national capital in 1950.{{sfn|Witton|2003|pp=138–39}}

During the presidency of [[Sukarno]], Jakarta was transformed into the symbolic capital of the new nation. Preparations for the [[1962 Asian Games]] prompted large-scale urban development projects that reshaped the city. Major infrastructure and architectural projects included the construction of the National Monument, the Hotel Indonesia complex, new shopping centres, major boulevards such as [[Jalan MH Thamrin (Jakarta)|Jalan MH Thamrin]]-Sudirman, and the [[Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex|Senayan sports complex]]. Sukarno envisioned Jakarta as a modern international city that would represent Indonesia’s independence and national identity.<ref>{{harvnb|Kusno|2000|p=56}}; {{harvnb|Schoppert|Damais|1997|p=105?}}</ref>

Political tensions reached a turning point in October 1965 when [[30 September Movement|an attempted coup]] resulted in the killing of six senior army generals, triggering a [[Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66|nationwide anti-communist purge]] that killed hundreds of thousands of people, and marking [[Transition to the New Order|the beginning of Suharto's New Order]]. In 1966, Jakarta was formally designated a Special Capital Region (''Daerah Khusus Ibukota'', DKI) with administrative status equivalent to a province.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Jakarta|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online|url=https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9106450/Jakarta#13148.toc|access-date=17 September 2007|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070917230948/https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9106450/Jakarta#13148.toc|archive-date=17 September 2007|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Statistics-2008">{{Cite book|url=https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/download.html?nrbvfeve=ODdlY2I0NmZlYTJiZjM3ODJiYTE0ZGNj&xzmn=aHR0cHM6Ly9qYWthcnRhLmJwcy5nby5pZC9wdWJsaWNhdGlvbi8yMDE1LzA4LzE5Lzg3ZWNiNDZmZWEyYmYzNzgyYmExNGRjYy9zdGF0aXN0aWstcG90ZW5zaS1kZXNhLXByb3ZpbnNpLWRraS1qYWthcnRhLTIwMDguaHRtbA%3D%3D&twoadfnoarfeauf=MjAyMS0xMS0xNiAxNTo1Nzo1MA%3D%3D|title=Statistik Potensi Desa Provinsi DKI Jakarta 2008|date=2008|publisher=[[Statistics Indonesia]]|isbn=978-979-724-994-6|volume=10|location=Jakarta|language=id|trans-title=Village Potential Statistics of Province of DKI Jakarta 2008|access-date=16 November 2021|archive-date=16 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116222405/https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/download.html?nrbvfeve=ODdlY2I0NmZlYTJiZjM3ODJiYTE0ZGNj&xzmn=aHR0cHM6Ly9qYWthcnRhLmJwcy5nby5pZC9wdWJsaWNhdGlvbi8yMDE1LzA4LzE5Lzg3ZWNiNDZmZWEyYmYzNzgyYmExNGRjYy9zdGF0aXN0aWstcG90ZW5zaS1kZXNhLXByb3ZpbnNpLWRraS1qYWthcnRhLTIwMDguaHRtbA%3D%3D&twoadfnoarfeauf=MjAyMS0xMS0xNiAxNTo1Nzo1MA%3D%3D|url-status=live }}</ref> During the governorship of [[Ali Sadikin]] (1966–1977), the city experienced major urban reforms,<ref>{{harvnb|Douglass|1989|pp=211–38}}; {{harvnb|Douglass|1992|pp=9–32}}</ref> including infrastructure improvements, the expansion of hospitals and schools, and cultural development programmes, although large-scale redevelopment projects also displaced many informal settlements.{{sfn|Turner|1997|p=315}}

Jakarta continued to expand rapidly during the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Foreign investment during the late New Order period fuelled a major real estate boom,{{sfn|Sajor|2003|pp=713–42}} although this growth was interrupted by the [[1997 Asian financial crisis]], which led to political unrest and [[May 1998 Indonesia riots|riots in 1998]] that led to the resignation of President [[Suharto]].<ref>"[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/analysis/51981.stm Why ethnic Chinese are afraid] ". [[BBC News]]. 12 February 1998.</ref>{{sfn|Friend|2003|p=329}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=Shari|first=Michael|date=7 March 2016|title=Wages of Hatred|work=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg]]|location=Kuta Gandeg, West Java|publication-place=New York City|url=http://www.businessweek.com/2000/00_41/b3702149.htm|url-status=dead|access-date=7 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307100321/http://www.businessweek.com/2000/00_41/b3702149.htm|archive-date=7 March 2016}}</ref> In the period that followed, Jakarta remained the centre of Indonesia’s political life and reforms,{{sfn|Friend|2003|p=?}} including the introduction of [[2007 Jakarta gubernatorial election|direct gubernatorial elections in 2007]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Jakarta holds historic election|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/6936276.stm|url-status=live|date=8 August 2007|publisher=BBC News|access-date=8 August 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101050015/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/6936276.stm|archive-date=1 January 2016}}</ref> The city has also experienced sporadic [[Terrorism in Indonesia|terrorist attacks]] since the early 2000s. More recently, the Indonesian government announced plans to relocate the national capital to [[Nusantara]],<ref name="kalimantan">{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/jakarta-sinks-as-indonesian-capital-and-borneo-takes-on-mantle-20190826-p52kvp.html|title=Jakarta sinks as Indonesian capital and Borneo takes on mantle|newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|access-date=26 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826082811/https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/jakarta-sinks-as-indonesian-capital-and-borneo-takes-on-mantle-20190826-p52kvp.html|archive-date=26 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=17 August 2024|title=Indonesia's new capital isn't ready yet. The president is celebrating Independence Day there anyway|url=https://apnews.com/article/indonesia-widodo-new-capital-nusantara-43641d95d2d88caeda772c87dffc0f23|access-date=18 August 2024|website=AP News|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Suroyo |first1=Gayatri |first2=Maikel |last2=Jefriando
|date=29 August 2019 |title=Indonesia pledges $40 billion to modernise Jakarta ahead of new capital – minister |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/world/indonesia-pledges-40-billion-to-modernise-jakarta-ahead-of-new-capital-minister-idUSKCN1VJ0FT/ |work=Reuters |access-date=17 May 2024}}</ref> although Jakarta continues to function as the country’s primary political and economic centre.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://setkab.go.id/en/president-jokowi-signs-law-on-special-regional-province-of-jakarta/|title=President Jokowi Signs Law on Special Regional Province of Jakarta |date=30 April 2024 |publisher=Office of Assistant to Deputy Cabinet Secretary for State Documents & Translation | access-date=18 September 2025}}</ref> 

==Geography==
{{main|Greater Jakarta}}
[[File:Pantai Ancol - panoramio (1).jpg|thumb|[[Ancol]] beach in the [[Jakarta Bay]]]]
Jakarta covers {{Convert|661.23|km2|}}, making it the smallest [[Provinces of Indonesia|province in Indonesia]] by land area. However, the wider [[Jakarta metropolitan area]] covers about 6,392 square kilometres and extends into the neighbouring provinces of West Java and Banten.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bps.go.id/aboutus.php?hasilSP2010=1 |title=Publikasi Provinsi dan Kabupaten Hasil Sementara SP2010 |publisher=Bps.go.id |access-date=7 June 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101013091507/http://www.bps.go.id/aboutus.php?hasilSP2010=1 |archive-date=13 October 2010}}</ref> The metropolitan area includes the regencies of [[Bekasi Regency|Bekasi]], [[Tangerang Regency|Tangerang]], and [[Bogor Regency|Bogor]], as well as the cities of [[Bogor]], [[Depok]], [[Bekasi]], [[Tangerang]], and [[South Tangerang]].

The city lies on the northwestern coast of Java at the mouth of the [[Ciliwung River]] on the [[Jakarta Bay]], an inlet of the Java Sea. The northern part of Jakarta consists largely of low-lying coastal plains, some areas of which are below sea level<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/archive/the-tides-efforts-never-end-to-repel-an-invading-sea/ |title=The Tides: Efforts Never End to Repel an Invading Sea |work=Jakarta Globe |access-date=15 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117024056/http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/archive/the-tides-efforts-never-end-to-repel-an-invading-sea/ |archive-date=17 November 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and therefore prone to flooding, while the southern districts are slightly higher and more hilly. Administratively, Jakarta also includes the [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Thousand Islands]] archipelago located in the Jakarta Bay to the north of the mainland city.

Jakarta is situated on a flat [[alluvial plain]] with an average elevation of about {{convert|8|m|ft|abbr=off}} above sea level. Historically, much of the area consisted of swampy land, and parts of the city have been built on reclaimed coastal flats.{{sfn|Murray|Clemens|Phinn|Possingham|2014|pp=267–72}} Thirteen rivers flow through Jakarta from the [[Puncak]] highlands in the south towards the [[Java Sea]], including the [[Ciliwung River|Ciliwung]], [[Angke River|Angke]], [[Sunter River|Sunter]], and [[Grogol River|Grogol rivers]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Simanjuntak |first=T. P. Moan |title=Maja River in Pegadungan Strewn with Water Hyacinth and Mud |date=16 July 2014 |newspaper=Berita Resmi Pemprov |url=http://beritajakarta.com/en/read/2632/Maja_River_in_Pegadungan_Strewn_with_Water_Hyacinth_and_Mud |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318155453/http://beritajakarta.com/en/read/2632/Maja_River_in_Pegadungan_Strewn_with_Water_Hyacinth_and_Mud |archive-date=18 March 2015 |url-status=dead |access-date=30 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Elyda |first=Corry |title=BPK slams city's efforts to manage liquid waste |date=27 December 2014 |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/12/27/bpk-slams-city-s-efforts-manage-liquid-waste.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402191855/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/12/27/bpk-slams-city-s-efforts-manage-liquid-waste.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> These waterways, combined with heavy seasonal rainfall and drainage challenges, contribute to the city’s recurring [[Flooding in Jakarta|flooding problems]].

Jakarta is also grappling with environmental challenges related to land subsidence and water management. Parts of the city—particularly in northern coastal areas—have been sinking by several centimetres per year, largely due to excessive groundwater extraction and rapid urban development.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mei Lin |first1=Mayuri |title=Jakarta, the fastest-sinking city in the world |work=BBC News |date=12 August 2018 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44636934 |access-date=30 March 2023}}</ref> Flood control projects and coastal protection measures, including dams and [[Giant Sea Wall Jakarta|sea wall systems]] in the Jakarta Bay, have been developed to mitigate these risks.<ref>{{cite news |last=Hendrix |first=Esmeralda |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/07/27/dutch-study-new-dike-jakarta-bay.html |title=Dutch to study new dike for Jakarta Bay |access-date=27 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118120615/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/07/27/dutch-study-new-dike-jakarta-bay.html |archive-date=18 January 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Air pollution]] and river pollution are also significant environmental concerns affecting the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cknet-ina.org/activities/read/jakarta-the-fastest-sinking-city-in-the-world/401 |title=Jakarta, the fastest-sinking city in the world |date=16 August 2018 |access-date=27 April 2021 |archive-date=27 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427012946/http://cknet-ina.org/activities/read/jakarta-the-fastest-sinking-city-in-the-world/401 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/indonesia-jakarta-air-pollution-dry-season-vehicles-ef97483d1c3de48207619562635710c2|title=Jakarta is the world's most polluted city. Blame the dry season and vehicles for the gray skies|date=11 August 2023 |publisher=AP News|access-date=14 July 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2023/06/09/jakarta-air-pollution-worsens-little-progress-after-2021-ruling.html|title=Jakarta air pollution worsens, little progress after 2021 ruling|publisher= The Jakarta Post|access-date=26 January 2024}}</ref>

===Climate===
[[File:Rainy Jakarta.jpg|thumb|170px|[[Drizzle]] in Jakarta]]
Jakarta has a [[tropical monsoon climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Am''), bordering on a [[tropical rainforest climate]] (Köppen: ''Af''). The city experiences a long [[wet season]] from October to May and a relatively [[dry season|drier season]] from June to September, although rainfall occurs throughout the year. The heaviest precipitation typically occurs in January and February, when monthly rainfall averages nearly 300 millimetres, while August is usually the driest month.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://waterindonesiaexpo.com/visiting/travel/general-information/|title=General Information|publisher=Water Indonesia|access-date=16 July 2024|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716145139/https://waterindonesiaexpo.com/visiting/travel/general-information/|archive-date=16 July 2024}}</ref>

Seasonal weather patterns contribute to recurring flooding in Jakarta. During the wet season, strong monsoon winds and atmospheric circulation over western Java can intensify rainfall and increase river discharge flowing into the city. Combined with Jakarta’s low-lying geography and dense urban development, these conditions can lead to periodic floods and severe thunderstorms.<ref>{{cite web|title=Monsoon Effect at Flood Phenomena on 2002 and 2007 in DKI-Jakarta|url=http://eprints.undip.ac.id/2067/1/Monsoon_Effect_at_Flood_Phenomena_on_2002_and_2007_in_DKI-Jakarta.pdf|website=UNDIP INSTITUTIONAL REPOSITORY|access-date=22 November 2012|archive-date=22 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121122074409/http://eprints.undip.ac.id/2067/1/Monsoon_Effect_at_Flood_Phenomena_on_2002_and_2007_in_DKI-Jakarta.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

Temperatures in Jakarta remain consistently warm throughout the year, with daytime averages typically around {{convert|32|°C|°F|1|abbr=on}} and nighttime temperatures around {{convert|24|°C|°F|1|abbr=on}}. Average monthly temperatures vary only slightly, ranging from about {{convert|27|°C|°F|1|abbr=on}} in the coolest months to around {{convert|28|°C|°F|1|abbr=on}} in the warmest months. Recorded extremes range from about {{convert|18.9|°C|°F|1|abbr=on}} to {{convert|37.9|°C|°F|1|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm|title=Extreme temperatures around the world|publisher=Maximiliano Herrera's Human Rights Site|access-date=20 July 2016}}</ref>
{{Weather box
|location= downtown Jakarta ([[Kemayoran]]) (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1924–present)
|metric first=yes
|single line=yes
|Jan record high C=36.9
|Feb record high C=35.8
|Mar record high C=36.0
|Apr record high C=35.9
|May record high C=36.1
|Jun record high C=36.3
|Jul record high C=35.6
|Aug record high C=35.6
|Sep record high C=37.1
|Oct record high C=37.9
|Nov record high C=37.1
|Dec record high C=36.7
|Jan record low C=20.6
|Feb record low C=20.6
|Mar record low C=20.6
|Apr record low C=20.6
|May record low C=21.1
|Jun record low C=19.4
|Jul record low C=19.4
|Aug record low C=19.4
|Sep record low C=18.9
|Oct record low C=20.6
|Nov record low C=20.0
|Dec record low C=19.4
|Jan high C = 31.0
|Feb high C = 30.8
|Mar high C = 32.1
|Apr high C = 32.8
|May high C = 33.2
|Jun high C = 32.9
|Jul high C = 32.7
|Aug high C = 33.0
|Sep high C = 33.4
|Oct high C = 33.4
|Nov high C = 32.8
|Dec high C = 32.0
| year high C = 32.5
|Jan mean C = 27.5
|Feb mean C = 27.3
|Mar mean C = 28.0
|Apr mean C = 28.4
|May mean C = 28.7
|Jun mean C = 28.4
|Jul mean C = 28.2
|Aug mean C = 28.3
|Sep mean C = 28.6
|Oct mean C = 28.8
|Nov mean C = 28.4
|Dec mean C = 28.0
| year mean C = 28.2
|Jan low C = 25.2
|Feb low C = 25.2
|Mar low C = 25.5
|Apr low C = 25.6
|May low C = 25.8
|Jun low C = 25.5
|Jul low C = 25.3
|Aug low C = 25.3
|Sep low C = 25.5
|Oct low C = 25.6
|Nov low C = 25.6
|Dec low C = 25.5
| year low C = 25.5
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 373.3
|Feb precipitation mm = 381.4
|Mar precipitation mm = 210.4
|Apr precipitation mm = 164.1
|May precipitation mm = 103.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 80.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 77.7
|Aug precipitation mm = 51.5
|Sep precipitation mm = 61.0
|Oct precipitation mm = 112.2
|Nov precipitation mm = 134.8
|Dec precipitation mm = 183.3
| year precipitation mm = 1933.3
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 17.5
|Feb precipitation days = 17.9
|Mar precipitation days = 14.1
|Apr precipitation days = 11.5
|May precipitation days = 8.2
|Jun precipitation days = 6.2
|Jul precipitation days = 4.8
|Aug precipitation days = 3.3
|Sep precipitation days = 4.0
|Oct precipitation days = 7.4
|Nov precipitation days = 10.4
|Dec precipitation days = 12.8
|year precipitation days = 118.1
|Jan humidity=85
|Feb humidity=85
|Mar humidity=83
|Apr humidity=82
|May humidity=82
|Jun humidity=81
|Jul humidity=78
|Aug humidity=76
|Sep humidity=75
|Oct humidity=77
|Nov humidity=81
|Dec humidity=82
|year humidity=81
|Jan sun = 139.5
|Feb sun = 138.3
|Mar sun = 189.1
|Apr sun = 216.0
|May sun = 220.1
|Jun sun = 219.0
|Jul sun = 229.4
|Aug sun = 235.6
|Sep sun = 225.0
|Oct sun = 207.7
|Nov sun = 180.0
|Dec sun = 148.8
|year sun =
|Jand sun = 4.5
|Febd sun = 5.2
|Mard sun = 6.1
|Aprd sun = 7.2
|Mayd sun = 7.1
|Jund sun = 7.3
|Juld sun = 7.4
|Augd sun = 7.6
|Sepd sun = 7.5
|Octd sun = 6.7
|Novd sun = 6.0
|Decd sun = 4.8
|yeard sun =
| source 1 = [[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name=WMO>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231019195817/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Indonesia/CSV/StasiunMeteorologiKemayoran_96745.csv
| archive-date = 19 October 2023
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Indonesia/CSV/StasiunMeteorologiKemayoran_96745.csv
| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020
| work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = 19 October 2023}}</ref>
|source 2=Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.globalbioclimatics.org/station/in-halim.htm |title=Indonesia – Halim Perdanakus |publisher=Centro de Investigaciones Fitosociológicas |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614155103/http://www.globalbioclimatics.org/station/in-halim.htm |archive-date=14 June 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Danish Meteorological Institute]] (humidity),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr01-17.pdf |title=Stations Number 96745 |publisher=Ministry of Energy, Utilities and Climate |access-date=26 June 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116071752/http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr01-17.pdf |archive-date=16 January 2013}}</ref> [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (daily sun 1889–1921)<ref name = DWD>
{{cite web |url=https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_967450_kt.pdf |title=Klimatafel von Jakarta (Stadt, Obs.), West-Java / Indonesien|work=Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world |publisher=Deutscher Wetterdienst |language=de| access-date = 10 November 2024}}</ref>
}}
{|style="width:100%;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|-
!Colspan=14|Climate data for Jakarta
|-
!Month
!Jan
!Feb
!Mar
!Apr
!May
!Jun
!Jul
!Aug
!Sep
!Oct
!Nov
!Dec
!style="border-left-width:medium"|Year
|-
!Average sea temperature °C (°F)
|style="background:#FF2700;color:#FFFFFF;"|28.0 (82.0)
|style="background:#FF2700;color:#FFFFFF;"|28.0 (82.0)
|style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|29.0 (84.0)
|style="background:#FF0000;color:#FFFFFF;"|30.0 (86.0)
|style="background:#FF0000;color:#FFFFFF;"|30.0 (86.0)
|style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|29.0 (84.0)
|style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|29.0 (84.0)
|style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|29.0 (84.0)
|style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|29.0 (84.0)
|style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|29.0 (84.0)
|style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|29.0 (84.0)
|style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;"|29.0 (84.0)
|style="background:#FF1300;color:#FFFFFF;border-left-width:medium"|29.0 (84.0)
|-
!Mean daily daylight hours
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium"|12.0
|-
!Average [[Ultraviolet index]]
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|13
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|13
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|13
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|13
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|11
|style="background:#d8001d;color:#000000;"|10
|style="background:#d8001d;color:#000000;"|10
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|12
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|13
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|13
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|13
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;"|13
|style="background:#6b49c8;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium"|12
|-
!Colspan=14 style="background:#f8f9fa;font-weight:normal;font-size:95%;"|Source: Weather Atlas<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/indonesia/jakarta-climate |title=Jakarta, Indonesia – Monthly weather forecast and Climate data |publisher=Weather Atlas |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180027/https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/indonesia/jakarta-climate |archive-date=9 February 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|}

==Cityscape==
{{wide image|View of Jakarta from Monas.jpg|1800px|align-cap=center|Panorama of Jakarta as seen from the [[Monas]] in a full 360-degree view (river flowing from south-west to north-east, left to right)}}

Jakarta’s cityscape reflects the city’s historical development and its role as Indonesia’s political and economic centre. The urban landscape combines colonial-era buildings, post-independence monumental architecture, modern high-rise developments, and numerous public squares and parks. Much of the capital’s symbolic architecture and urban planning dates from the mid-twentieth century, when then President [[Sukarno]] sought to transform Jakarta into the monumental capital of a newly independent nation.

Several prominent landmarks and monuments were constructed or planned during this period. The most recognisable symbol of the city is the [[National Monument (Indonesia)|National Monument]] (''Monas''), a {{convert|132|m|ft|adj=mid|abbr=off|-tall}} obelisk located in the centre of [[Merdeka Square, Jakarta|Merdeka Square]]. Other notable landmarks include the [[Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta|Istiqlal mosque]], [[Jakarta Cathedral]], and the historic [[Jakarta History Museum|Batavia Stadhuis]] in Jakarta Old Town. Monumental statues and memorials commemorating Indonesian history and national heroes are also prominent features of the city, including the [[Heroes Monument, Jakarta|Tugu Tani monument]], the [[Dirgantara Monument]], and statues honouring figures such as [[Diponegoro]] and [[Kartini]].{{sfn|Silver|2007|p=101}}

Jakarta’s modern skyline has continued to evolve with rapid urban development and the construction of high-rise buildings in the central business districts. Structures such as the [[Autograph Tower]], the tallest building in Indonesia, illustrate the city’s contemporary architectural growth. Alongside these developments, Jakarta also contains numerous parks, squares, and public spaces that form important parts of the urban environment and provide recreational areas for residents.

===Architecture===
{{see also|Colonial architecture in Jakarta|List of tallest buildings in Jakarta|Golden Triangle of Jakarta}}
[[File:Rumah Betawi TMII.jpg|thumb|[[Rumah Kebaya]] built with [[Betawi people#Architecture|Betawi architecture]] at [[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]]]]

Jakarta contains architecturally significant buildings representing a wide range of historical and cultural influences. Architectural styles in the city reflect Malay, Sundanese, Javanese, Arab, Chinese, and Dutch traditions. Traditional Betawi houses, associated with the indigenous Betawi community, illustrate this mixture of influences. These houses were typically constructed using nangka wood (''[[Artocarpus heterophyllus]]'') and commonly consisted of three main rooms. Their roof forms often resemble the traditional [[Joglo|Javanese joglo]], while features such as wide eaves, large openings, and open layouts were well suited to the tropical climate. The number of officially registered cultural heritage buildings in Jakarta has increased in recent decades as preservation efforts have expanded.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/02/20/number-of-cultural-heritage-buildings-in-jakarta-increased.html|title=Number of cultural heritage buildings in Jakarta increased|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=20 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220141125/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/02/20/number-of-cultural-heritage-buildings-in-jakarta-increased.html|archive-date=20 February 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

Many historic structures date from the Dutch colonial era, when Batavia served as the administrative centre of the Dutch East Indies. Colonial architecture can generally be divided into three broad phases: the [[Dutch Golden Age]] style (17th to late 18th century), a transitional architectural period during the late 18th and 19th centuries, and Dutch modernist architecture of the early 20th century. These buildings include residences, churches, government offices, and commercial structures, many of which remain concentrated in [[Jakarta Old Town]] and parts of [[Central Jakarta]]. Architects such as J.C. Schultze and [[Eduard Cuypers]] designed several notable buildings in the city. Schultze’s works include the [[Jakarta Art Building]], the Supreme Court Building, and the Ministry of Finance Building, while Cuypers designed the Bank Indonesia Museum and Mandiri Museum.

During the early 20th century, architectural styles began to shift toward rationalist and modernist influences, including [[Art Deco architecture]]. The [[Menteng]] district, developed in the 1910s as a planned residential suburb, represented one of the earliest attempts to create a modern and healthy residential environment for the middle class. Houses in the area were designed with features suited to the tropical climate, including large windows, open ventilation, and overhanging eaves.<ref>{{cite news|last=Wilson|first=Willy|url=http://m.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/07/11/building-past.html|title=Building on the Past|work=The Jakarta Post|date=11 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305084422/http://m.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/07/11/building-past.html|archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref>

Post-Indonesian independence architecture in Jakarta reflected the political and cultural priorities of nation-building. Major infrastructure projects were constructed, particularly during the Sukarno era, including the [[National Monument (Indonesia)|National Monument]] and the [[Senayan Sports Stadium]], and a network of arterial roads that helped reshape the city’s urban landscape. The [[MPR/DPR/DPD building|national parliament building]], with its distinctive hyperbolic roof, illustrates modernist architectural influences associated with mid-20th century international design. In the 21st century, Jakarta has experienced a rapid urban construction boom, particularly in the [[Golden Triangle of Jakarta|Golden Triangle]] [[central business district]], alongside the rise in skyscrapers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jllrealviews.com/trends/fastest-evolving-central-business-districts-in-asia-pacific/|title=Where are the fastest evolving Central Business Districts in Asia Pacific?|access-date=20 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709154405/https://www.jllrealviews.com/trends/fastest-evolving-central-business-districts-in-asia-pacific/|archive-date=9 July 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/interactive-data/submit?type%5B%5D=building&status%5B%5D=COM&status%5B%5D=UC&status%5B%5D=UCT&status%5B%5D=STO&base_region=0&base_country=0&base_city=972&base_height_range=0&base_company=All&base_min_year=1900&base_max_year=9999&comp_region=0&comp_country=0&comp_city=0&comp_height_range=3&comp_company=All&comp_min_year=1960&comp_max_year=2016&skip_comparison=on&output%5B%5D=list&dataSubmit=Show+Results|title=CTBUH Tall Building Database|publisher=The Skyscraper Center|access-date=27 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208155302/http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/interactive-data/submit?type%5B%5D=building&status%5B%5D=COM&status%5B%5D=UC&status%5B%5D=UCT&status%5B%5D=STO&base_region=0&base_country=0&base_city=972&base_height_range=0&base_company=All&base_min_year=1900&base_max_year=9999&comp_region=0&comp_country=0&comp_city=0&comp_height_range=3&comp_company=All&comp_min_year=1960&comp_max_year=2016&skip_comparison=on&output%5B%5D=list&dataSubmit=Show+Results|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Parks and public spaces===
[[File:Smutzer Primate Center Terrace.jpg|thumb|[[Ragunan Zoo Park]] is the largest [[urban park]] in Jakarta and the second-largest zoo in the world.]]
Public parks and green open spaces form an important component of Jakarta’s urban landscape. In June 2011, the city had about 10.5% green open space (''ruang terbuka hijau'', RTH), which had increased to approximately 13.94% in subsequent years as the municipal government expanded park development and environmental programmes. As part of these efforts, the city has created hundreds of child-friendly integrated public spaces (''ruang publik terpadu ramah anak'', RPTRA), with about 300 such facilities operating by 2019.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.poskota.co.id/berita-terkini/2011/06/25/ruang-terbuka-hijau-terus-ditambah |title=Ruang Terbuka Hijau Terus Ditambah |work=Poskotanews.com |date=25 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110626213931/http://www.poskota.co.id/berita-terkini/2011/06/25/ruang-terbuka-hijau-terus-ditambah |archive-date=26 June 2011 |language=id}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/28/jakarta-to-revive-rptras.html |title=Jakarta to revive RPTRAs |access-date=10 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110052934/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/28/jakarta-to-revive-rptras.html |archive-date=10 November 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> In addition to parks, reservoirs and lakes—numbering more than 180 in the wider metropolitan area—also contribute to Jakarta’s environmental infrastructure and flood management system.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/09/29/30-lakes-and-reservoirs-greater-jakarta-disappear.html |title=30 lakes and reservoirs in Greater Jakarta disappear |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=26 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226211927/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/09/29/30-lakes-and-reservoirs-greater-jakarta-disappear.html |archive-date=26 February 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

One of the most prominent public spaces in the city is [[Merdeka Square, Jakarta|Merdeka Square]] (''Medan Merdeka'') in Central Jakarta, a nearly one-square-kilometre open field surrounding the National Monument (Monas). Originally developed in the early nineteenth century under Dutch colonial administration as Koningsplein, the square was later redesigned and beautified, including the addition of landscaped areas and symbolic plantings representing Indonesia’s provinces.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/v70/index.php/en/taman-kota/521-taman-medan-merdeka |title=Taman Medan Merdeka |language=id |work=deskominfomas |publisher=Jakarta.go.id |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523124534/http://www.jakarta.go.id/v70/index.php/en/taman-kota/521-taman-medan-merdeka |archive-date=23 May 2010}}</ref> Another important historical square is ''[[Lapangan Banteng]]'', located near [[Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta|Istiqlal Mosque]] and [[Jakarta Cathedral]]. The site served ceremonial functions during the colonial period and now features the [[West Irian Liberation Monument]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/v70/index.php/en/taman-kota/523-taman-lapangan-banteng |title=Taman Lapangan Banteng |language=id |work=deskominfomas |publisher=Jakarta.go.id |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524033529/http://www.jakarta.go.id/v70/index.php/en/taman-kota/523-taman-lapangan-banteng |archive-date=24 May 2010}}</ref>

Jakarta also contains numerous urban parks distributed across the city. [[Taman Suropati|Suropati Park]] in Menteng is known for its landscaped gardens and sculptures created by artists from ASEAN countries,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/v70/index.php/en/taman-kota/529-taman-suropati |title=Taman Suropati |language=id |work=deskominfomas |publisher=Jakarta.go.id |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523131155/http://www.jakarta.go.id/v70/index.php/en/taman-kota/529-taman-suropati |archive-date=23 May 2010}}</ref> while nearby [[Menteng Park]] and [[Situ Lembang Park]] provide recreational spaces in central residential districts. In Jakarta, parks such as [[GBK Park]], [[Tebet Eco Park]], [[Bendera Pusaka Park]], and [[Setu Babakan Betawi Cultural Village|Setu Babakan]] serve as important neighbourhood green spaces.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/09/city-allocates-rp-140-billion-to-revamp-five-parks.html |title=City allocates Rp 140 billion to revamp five parks |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=9 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109204930/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/09/city-allocates-rp-140-billion-to-revamp-five-parks.html |archive-date=9 January 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> More recent developments include Kalijodo Park in North Jakarta, opened in 2017 with recreational facilities including a skateboard park.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2017/03/05/199852787/Kalijodo-Park-Expected-to-be-New-Tourism-Icon-in-IndonesiaXXX |title=Kalijodo Park Expected to be New Tourism Icon in Indonesia |first=Egi |last=Adyatama |date=5 March 2017 |access-date=30 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331030443/https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2017/03/05/199852787/Kalijodo-Park-Expected-to-be-New-Tourism-Icon-in-IndonesiaXXX |archive-date=31 March 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Several larger recreational and environmental areas are also located within the city. [[Ragunan Zoo]] in South Jakarta is one of the oldest zoos in the world and one of the largest urban parks in the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.tempo.co/read/news/2014/09/21/206608538/Ragunan-Zoo-Mulls-Safari-Night |title=Ragunan Zoo Mulls Safari Night |first=Ninis |last=Chairunnisa |work=Tempo |date=21 September 2014 |access-date=3 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208062637/http://en.tempo.co/read/news/2014/09/21/206608538/Ragunan-Zoo-Mulls-Safari-Night |archive-date=8 December 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> Other natural areas include the [[Muara Angke mangrove forest and wildlife sanctuary|Muara Angke Wildlife Sanctuary]] and the [[Pantai Indah Kapuk|Angke Kapuk Nature Tourism Park]] in North Jakarta.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://travel.detik.com/domestic-destination/d-3175553/taman-wisata-alam-angke-kapuk-permata-di-utara-jakarta |title=Taman Wisata Alam Angke Kapuk, Permata di Utara Jakarta |first=Wahyu Setyo |last=Widodo |website=detikTravel |access-date=4 December 2020 |archive-date=25 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125090102/https://travel.detik.com/domestic-destination/d-3175553/taman-wisata-alam-angke-kapuk-permata-di-utara-jakarta |url-status=live }}</ref> Cultural and recreational complexes such as [[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]], which features pavilions representing Indonesia’s provinces, also function as major public attractions and green spaces. [[UI Forest]] serves as a significant natural reserve and vital ecological area within Jakarta, spanning approximately {{convert|100|hectare|acre}} to provide a sanctuary for over 180 plant species and diverse animal populations.

==Demographics==
[[File:Jakarta population pyramid.svg|thumb|Jakarta population pyramid in 2021]]
Jakarta has experienced rapid population growth driven largely by migration from across Indonesia. As the country’s political and economic centre, the city attracts residents seeking employment, education, and business opportunities. According to the 1961 census, about 51% of Jakarta’s population had been born in the city,{{sfn|Cybriwsky|Ford|2001|pp=202–13}} illustrating the long-standing role of migration in shaping its demographic composition.

{{Historical populations
|1945|600000
|1950|1800000
|1960|2678740
|1970|3915406
|1980|6700000
|1990|8174756
|2000|8389759
|2010|9625579
|2020|10562088|source=<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bps.go.id/website/materi_ind/materiBrsInd-20210121151046.pdf |page=9 |publisher=[[Statistics Indonesia]] |title=Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020 |language=id |date=21 January 2021 |access-date=21 January 2021 |archive-date=22 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122154418/https://www.bps.go.id/website/materi_ind/materiBrsInd-20210121151046.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|footnote={{nowrap|Note: Census figures cover}} the actual and projected populations of the largest Asian urban agglomerations.{{sfn|Ginsburg|Koppel|McGee|1991|p=71}} According to the Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistics, 23 per cent of urban residents live in poverty. With a population of 7.9 million in 1985, Jakarta accounted for 19 per cent of the total Indonesia urban population.{{Sfn|Harpham|Tanner|1995|p=71}}|2025|10677975
}}

Population growth accelerated during the second half of the twentieth century.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archive.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/uu11ee/uu11ee15.htm |title=Jabotabek, the Jakarta metropolitan area |publisher=[[United Nations University|UNU]] |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233059/https://archive.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/uu11ee/uu11ee15.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> The population of Jakarta increased from approximately 4.5 million in 1970 to about 9.5 million in 2010,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Setiawati |first=Indah |title=After census city plans for 9.5 million |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/08/28/after-census-city-plans-95-million.html |access-date=3 May 2019 |archive-date=11 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211232602/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/08/28/after-census-city-plans-95-million.html |url-status=live }}</ref> while the wider Jakarta metropolitan region (Greater Jakarta) expanded from roughly 8.2 million to 28.5 million over the same period. Between 1980 and 1990 the city’s population grew at an average annual rate of about 3.7 percent.

By 2014 the population of Jakarta had reached around 10 million,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/2018/01/05/44b34f04cad6439abf0e7ed0/statistik-daerah-provinsi-dki-jakarta-2017.html |title=BPS Provinsi DKI Jakarta |access-date=27 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327171524/https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/2018/01/05/44b34f04cad6439abf0e7ed0/statistik-daerah-provinsi-dki-jakarta-2017.html |archive-date=27 March 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> with a population density of about 15,174 people per square kilometre.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hook |first=Walter |title=BRT – Case Study 5 – Annex 5 Case Studies and Lessons – Module 2: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT): Toolkit for Feasibility Studies |url=https://sti-india-uttoolkit.adb.org/mod2/se3/005_5.html |website=sti-india-uttoolkit.adb.org |access-date=12 June 2011 |archive-date=28 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828022705/http://sti-india-uttoolkit.adb.org/mod2/se3/005_5.html |url-status=live }}</ref>{{sfn|Hermanto|1998|p=?}} The population of the Greater Jakarta metropolitan area was estimated at approximately 30 million in the same year, representing around 11 percent of Indonesia’s total population.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Firman |first1=Tommy |title=Population growth of Greater Jakarta and its impact |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/03/26/population-growth-greater-jakarta-and-its-impact.html#sthash.bynCViBO.dpuf |website=The Jakarta Post |access-date=6 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929060917/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/03/26/population-growth-greater-jakarta-and-its-impact.html#sthash.bynCViBO.dpuf |archive-date=29 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Projections suggest that the metropolitan population could reach about 35.6 million by 2030.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cities are home to 45 per cent of the global population, with megacities continuing to grow, UN report finds |date=18 November 2025 |url=https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2025/11/press-release-wup2025/}}</ref> Administrative population records compiled by the Ministry of Home Affairs estimated Jakarta’s population at 11,261,595 at the end of 2021. The gender ratio was 102.8 males per 100 females in 2010 and about 101.3 in 2014.<ref>{{cite web |title=Data collection, analysis, visualization and sharing |url=https://knoema.com/ |website=Knoema |access-date=29 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825220550/https://knoema.com/ |archive-date=25 August 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Statistics of DKI Jakarta Province 2017 |url=https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/2018/01/05/44b34f04cad6439abf0e7ed0/statistik-daerah-provinsi-dki-jakarta-2017.html |access-date=27 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327171524/https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/2018/01/05/44b34f04cad6439abf0e7ed0/statistik-daerah-provinsi-dki-jakarta-2017.html |archive-date=27 March 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Ethnicity===
[[File:Baju Demang Betawi.png|thumb|170px|[[Betawi people|Betawi]] is the native ethnic group in Jakarta]]
Jakarta is a highly diverse city and does not have a single majority ethnic group. According to the 2010 census, the largest ethnic group in the city was Javanese, accounting for about 36.17% of the population, followed by Betawi (28.29%), Sundanese (14.61%), Chinese Indonesians (6.62%), and Batak (3.42%).<ref name="ETHNICITY">{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-percentage-of-population-in-Jakarta-according-to-the-major-ethnic-group-2010_fig1_323524160|title=The percentage of population in Jakarta according to the major ethnic group (2010)|access-date=14 September 2013}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=May 2025}} Other communities include Minangkabau, Malays, Madurese, Bugis, Indians, Indo people, and many others from across the Indonesian archipelago.

The [[Betawi people|Betawi]] (''Orang Betawi''), regarded as the indigenous population of Jakarta, developed from the diverse communities that lived in Batavia during the colonial period. They emerged as a distinct ethnic group by the mid-19th century, largely descended from a mixture of Southeast Asian peoples who were brought to or settled in the city to meet labour needs.<ref>These cement the pluralism in ethnic and national identities found in contemporary Jakarta;{{harvnb|Knörr|2007|p=263}}</ref> Over time, Betawi culture incorporated influences from many groups, including Chinese, Arab, and European communities.{{sfn|Sáenz|Embrick|Rodriguez|2015|p=?}} Many Betawi communities historically lived in areas on the fringes of the colonial city, and today Betawi populations are spread throughout the Jakarta metropolitan area.{{sfn|Iyer|2001|p=23}} Because of long-standing patterns of migration and intermarriage with other ethnic groups, Betawi identity often reflects a combination of cultural influences within the city.

Jakarta has also long had a significant [[Chinese Indonesians|Chinese]] population. Their communities traditionally lived in older urban districts such as [[Glodok]], and parts of [[Senen]] and [[Jatinegara]], although today they are distributed more widely throughout the city. Estimates in the early 2000s suggested that Chinese Indonesians accounted for roughly 5–6 percent of Jakarta’s population.<ref>{{cite news |last=Johnston |first=Tim |title=Chinese diaspora: Indonesia |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4312805.stm |url-status=live |publisher=BBC News |date=3 March 2005 |access-date=30 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071223170116/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/4312805.stm |archive-date=23 December 2007}}</ref> Smaller but historically established communities of [[Indian Indonesians|Indians]] have also lived in Jakarta for centuries, many of them historically associated with the [[Pasar Baru]] district, sometimes referred to as Jakarta’s "Little India."<ref>{{cite news |title=Kisah Pasar Baru yang Disebut sebagai Little India |url=https://www.tempo.co/hiburan/kisah-pasar-baru-yang-disebut-sebagai-little-india-1164603|url-status=live |publisher=[[Tempo (Indonesian magazine)|Tempo]] |date=6 November 2024 |access-date=30 November 2024}}</ref>

Migration from other regions of Indonesia has significantly shaped Jakarta’s modern demographics. Large communities of [[Batak]], [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]], and [[Ethnic Malays|Malay]] migrants from Sumatra live in the city. According to the 2020 census, Jakarta had approximately 361,000 Batak residents, about 300,960 Minangkabau, and around 101,370 Malays. Toba Batak constitute the largest Batak subgroup in Jakarta,{{sfn|Reid|2010|p=170}} while Minangkabau migrants have historically been prominent in trade and professional occupations within the city.<ref>Board of Editors, Contributions to Southeast Asian Ethnography, 1987</ref>{{sfn|Naim|1971|p=115-131}}

===Language===
{{see also|Betawi language|Indonesian slang}}
[[File:Bahasa Betawi.jpg|thumb|[[Betawi language]], a [[Malay language|Malay]] [[Creole language|creole]] born in [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]].]]
[[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] is the official and dominant language of Jakarta and is widely used in government, education, business, and everyday communication. [[English language|English]] is also commonly used, particularly in Central and South Jakarta,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/26/world/asia/26indo.html |title=As English Spreads, Indonesians Fear for Their Language |newspaper=The New York Times |date=26 July 2010 |access-date=11 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811160323/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/26/world/asia/26indo.html |archive-date=11 August 2019 |url-status=live|last1=Onishi |first1=Norimitsu }}</ref> where many international businesses and expatriate communities are located. Many residents of Jakarta continue to use their ethnic languages within families and community settings. The [[Betawi language]], associated with the indigenous Betawi community, is a [[Malay trade and creole languages|Malay-based creole]] that developed through centuries of contact among different cultural groups in the city. It incorporates vocabulary from [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[Sundanese language|Sundanese]], [[Javanese language|Javanese]], [[Hokkien language|Chinese]], and [[Arabic]]. Over time, many Betawi expressions and phrases have entered colloquial Indonesian and are widely used as part of Jakarta’s urban slang.

[[Chinese Indonesians]] in Jakarta today mainly speak Indonesian and English, although older generations may also speak Chinese dialects such as [[Hokkien dialect|Hokkien]] and [[Chinese language|other varieties]] depending on their family background. Migration from Chinese communities in other parts of Indonesia has also introduced dialects such as [[Hakka language|Hakka]], [[Teochew language|Teochew]], and [[Cantonese language|Cantonese]] into the city’s Chinese community. Hokkien is commonly spoken among residents with roots in [[Sumatra]], particularly in northern districts such as [[Pantai Indah Kapuk]] and [[Pluit]], while Hakka and Teochew are often associated with communities originating from [[West Kalimantan]].

Other regional languages of Indonesia are also spoken by migrant communities. Batak residents may speak languages such as Toba Batak, Mandailing, or Karo, while Minangkabau migrants often use the Minangkabau language alongside Indonesian. Sundanese, historically associated with the surrounding region of West Java, is still used by some local communities in Jakarta. It continues to be spoken in several neighbourhoods, particularly in parts of East Jakarta such as Pondok Ranggon and Jatinegara Kaum, where local varieties including Bogor Sundanese<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gurusiana.id/hindun/article/read/hese-vs-hese-0|title=Hese vs Hees|language=id|website=www.gurusiana.id|publisher=Gurusiana|access-date=2 September 2025|date=27 August 2020|last=Hindun}}</ref> and Banten Sundanese<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://lontar.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20155905&lokasi=lokal|title=Pemakaian kata sapaan dalam bahasa Sunda di RW 03 Jatinegara Kaum|journal=Jurnal Lontar|publisher=[[Universitas Indonesia]]|location=[[Depok]]|date=1988|language=id|first1=Wati|last1=Kurniawati|author2=Muhadjir|first3=Basuki|last3=Suhardi}}</ref> are maintained by long-established residents.

===Education===
{{see also|List of universities in Indonesia|List of schools in Indonesia}}
[[File:Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.JPG|thumb|[[University of Indonesia]] (UI) campus, formerly used by [[STOVIA]]]]
Jakarta is one of Indonesia's principal centres of higher education and hosts numerous universities and research institutions. The [[University of Indonesia]] (UI), the country's largest and one of its oldest universities, maintains campuses in Salemba in Central Jakarta and in nearby [[Depok]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ui.ac.id/en/profile/page/overview|title=Profile | Universitas Indonesia|publisher=Ui.ac.id|access-date=27 April 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100419010540/http://www.ui.ac.id/en/profile/page/overview|archive-date=19 April 2010}}</ref> Other public universities located in the city include [[Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta]] and the [[State University of Jakarta]] (UNJ).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unj.ac.id/|title=State University of Jakarta|access-date=4 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917075024/http://unj.ac.id/|archive-date=17 September 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

The city is also home to many private universities and colleges. Major institutions include [[Trisakti University]], [[Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia]], [[Bina Nusantara University]], and several others. Vocational higher education institutions, such as [[Jakarta State Polytechnic]], also operate in the city. Modern higher education in Jakarta traces its origins to STOVIA (''School tot Opleiding van Indische Artsen''), established in 1851 during the Dutch colonial era to train indigenous physicians.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.majalah-farmacia.com/rubrik/one_news_print.asp?IDNews=754|title=Print Artikel|publisher=Majalah-farmacia.com|access-date=27 April 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714022424/http://www.majalah-farmacia.com/rubrik/one_news_print.asp?IDNews=754|archive-date=14 July 2011}}</ref> Today Jakarta attracts students from across Indonesia, many of whom reside in dormitories, rented accommodation, or home-stay residences while pursuing their studies.

For primary and secondary education, Jakarta offers a wide range of public and private schools, including bilingual and international institutions. Several international schools operate in the Jakarta metropolitan area, such as the [[Jakarta Intercultural School]], [[AIS Indonesia|Australian Independent School]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ais-indonesia.com/|title=Welcome to Australian International School Indonesia|publisher=Ais-indonesia.com|access-date=14 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303191008/http://www.ais-indonesia.com/|archive-date=3 March 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Gandhi Memorial Intercontinental School|GMIS Jakarta]], and the [[French School Jakarta]], among others.

===Religion===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in Jakarta (2024 Census)<ref name="RELIGION"/>
|label1 = [[Islam]]
|value1 = 83.83
|color1 = Green
|label2 = [[Protestantism]]
|value2 = 8.56
|color2 = DarkBlue
|label3 = [[Roman catholic]]
|value3 = 3.89
|color3 = Purple
|label4 = [[Buddhism]]
|value4 = 3.46
|color4 = Gold
|label5 = [[Hinduism]], [[Confucianism]], and others
|value5 = 0.75
|color5 = Grey
}}

Religion plays an important role in Jakarta's social and cultural life. As of 2024, [[Islam in Indonesia|Islam]] is the dominant religion in the city , followed by [[Protestantism in Indonesia|Protestantism]], [[Catholic Church in Indonesia|Catholicism]], [[Buddhism in Indonesia|Buddhism]], [[Hinduism in Indonesia|Hinduism]], and [[Supreme Council for the Confucian Religion in Indonesia|Confucianism]] (1%), with small numbers of residents adhering to other faiths or traditional belief systems.<ref name="RELIGION">{{cite web|url=https://satudata.kemenag.go.id/dataset/detail/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-agama|title=Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Agama|publisher=[[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)|Ministry of Religious Affairs]]|date=31 August 2022|access-date=29 October 2023|language=id}}</ref>

Islamic educational and religious institutions are widely present in the city. Many ''[[pesantren]]'' (Islamic boarding schools) in Jakarta are affiliated with the [[Traditionalism (Islam in Indonesia)|traditionalist]] organisation [[Nahdlatul Ulama]] (NU),<ref>Pemerintah Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, Ensiklopedi Jakarta: Culture & Heritage, Vol. 1, Dinas Kebudayaan dan Permuseuman, 2005</ref> while [[Modernism (Islam in Indonesia)|modernist]] Islamic institutions serve urban communities through educational and social programmes.{{sfn|Porter|2002|p=39}} Several major Islamic organisations, including the NU, [[Muhammadiyah]], the [[Indonesian Ulema Council]] (MUI), and the [[Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah]], maintain headquarters in Jakarta.

Christian communities form the second-largest religious group in the city. The Roman Catholic Church is administered by the Archdiocese of Jakarta, which forms part of an ecclesiastical province that also includes West Java and Banten. Protestant denominations are represented by numerous churches throughout the city. Jakarta also has significant Buddhist communities, many of whom are [[Chinese Indonesians]]. Various traditions of Buddhism are practised in the city, including [[Theravāda]], [[Mahāyāna]], and [[Tridharma]]. Smaller religious communities include Hindus—mainly of [[Balinese people|Balinese]] and [[Indian Indonesians|Indian]] origin—as well as [[Sikhism|Sikh]] and [[Baháʼí Faith|Baháʼí]] communities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bahá'í International Community|url=https://www.bic.org/offices/jakarta|date=21 April 2015|access-date=2 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003014602/https://www.bic.org/offices/jakarta|archive-date=3 October 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Economy==
{{Category see also|Category:Companies of Indonesia}}

{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Jakarta GDP share by sector (2022)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/2022/02/25/5979600247867d861a1f334c/provinsi-dki-jakarta-dalam-angka-2022.html|title=Provinsi DKI Jakarta Dalam Angka 2022|publisher=Statistics Indonesia|access-date=22 September 2023}}</ref>
|label1 = Service
|value1 = 75.93
|color1 = Purple
|label2 = Manufacturing
|value2 = 12.28
|color2 = DarkBlue
|label3 = Other Industrial
|value3 = 11.71
|color3 = Yellow
|label4 = Agriculture
|value4 = 0.08
|color4 = Green
}}

As the capital and largest city of Indonesia, Jakarta serves as the economic centre of the country and one of the principal financial hubs of Southeast Asia. Indonesia is the largest economy in the [[ASEAN]], and Jakarta plays a central role in the national economy. In 2021, the city’s nominal gross regional product was estimated at US$203.7 billion, or about 17% of Indonesia’s gross domestic product, while its purchasing power parity GDP was estimated at US$602.9 billion.<ref name="jakarta2021">{{Cite book|title=Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Kabupaten/kota di DKI Jakarta 2019–2021|author=[[Statistics Indonesia|Badan Pusat Statistik Jawa Timur]]|publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik|year=2022|location=Jakarta|url=https://jakarta.bps.go.id/publication/2022/02/25/5979600247867d861a1f334c/provinsi-dki-jakarta-dalam-angka-2022.html}}</ref> The city’s nominal GDP per capita was estimated at Rp 274.7 million (US$19,199) in the same year.<ref name="jakarta2021" />

[[File:Jakarta Scyscrappers from GBK.jpg|thumb|[[Sudirman Central Business District|SCBD]] is a business centre in Jakarta]]
Jakarta’s economy is dominated by the service sector, particularly finance, trade, and business services, which together account for a large share of the city’s gross regional product.<ref name="Statistics-2008" /> Other important sectors include manufacturing industries such as electronics, automotive production, chemicals, mechanical engineering, and biomedical industries. Finance, ownership and business services form the largest contributor to Jakarta’s economy, followed by trade, hospitality, and manufacturing.<ref name="Statistics-2008" />

The city hosts the headquarters of many major Indonesian corporations and financial institutions. [[Bank Indonesia]] and the [[Indonesia Stock Exchange]] are located in Jakarta, and numerous [[State-owned enterprises of Indonesia|state-owned enterprises]]—including [[Pertamina]], [[Perusahaan Listrik Negara|PLN]], and [[Telkomsel]]—maintain their head offices in the city. Large Indonesian conglomerates such as [[Salim Group]], [[Astra International]], and [[CT Corp]] are also headquartered there. Jakarta has also emerged as a centre for technology and digital industries, with global companies such as [[Google]] and [[Alibaba Group|Alibaba]] establishing regional cloud infrastructure in the city.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/06/24/google-launches-first-cloud-region-in-indonesia.html|title=Google launches first Cloud region in Indonesia|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=24 June 2020|archive-date=25 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625115356/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/06/24/google-launches-first-cloud-region-in-indonesia.html|url-status=live }}</ref>

Economic growth and investment have contributed to Jakarta’s rapid urban development. In 2017, the city recorded economic growth of 6.22%,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/02/06/jakarta-economy-grows-6-22-in-2017.html|title=Jakarta economy grows 6.22% in 2017|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=26 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626192518/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/02/06/jakarta-economy-grows-6-22-in-2017.html|archive-date=26 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> while total investment reached Rp 108.6 trillion (US$8 billion).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economy.okezone.com/read/2018/02/02/320/1853947/realisasi-investasi-di-dki-jakarta-2017-capai-rp108-6-triliun|title=Realisasi Investasi di DKI Jakarta 2017 Capai Rp108,6 Triliun|newspaper=OKEZONE|access-date=26 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626192259/https://economy.okezone.com/read/2018/02/02/320/1853947/realisasi-investasi-di-dki-jakarta-2017-capai-rp108-6-triliun|archive-date=26 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Jakarta is also home to several large publicly listed companies and technology start-ups, including firms ranked in the [[Forbes Global 2000]] and [[Fortune 500]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2017/05/29/056879582/Six-Indonesian-Companies-Make-Forbes-Global-2000-List|title=Six Indonesian Companies Make Forbes Global 2000 List|access-date=30 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908110023/https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2017/05/29/056879582/Six-Indonesian-Companies-Make-Forbes-Global-2000-List|archive-date=8 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://fortune.com/global500/list|title=Fortune 500|access-date=30 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190630134150/http://fortune.com/global500/list|archive-date=30 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-indonesia-startups/indonesia-expects-to-have-more-than-5-unicorns-by-2019-minister-idUSKCN1G310J|title=Indonesia expects to have more than 5 unicorns by 2019: minister|newspaper=Reuters|access-date=22 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190519074340/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-indonesia-startups/indonesia-expects-to-have-more-than-5-unicorns-by-2019-minister-idUSKCN1G310J|archive-date=19 May 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

Jakarta’s economic landscape also reflects the city’s role as Indonesia’s principal commercial centre. Modern shopping malls and traditional markets form an important part of the urban retail economy, while the tourism sector contributes to municipal revenue through business travel, conventions, and domestic tourism. Rising demand for housing and commercial space has also driven a strong property market,<ref>{{cite news|last=Gantan|first=Josua|date=1 November 2014|title=Jakarta: The Luxury Property Capital of the World – The Jakarta Globe|work=Jakarta Globe|url=http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/news/jakarta/jakarta-the-luxury-property-capital-of-the-world/|url-status=live|access-date=27 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101075747/http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/news/jakarta/jakarta-the-luxury-property-capital-of-the-world/|archive-date=1 November 2014}}</ref> particularly in central business districts, contributing to increasing land prices and living costs in the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mercer.com/newsroom/cost-of-living-2017.html|title=Mercer's annual Cost of Living Survey finds African, Asian, and European cities dominate the list of most expensive locations for working abroad|access-date=21 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113110140/https://www.mercer.com/newsroom/cost-of-living-2017.html|archive-date=13 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Shopping===
{{see also|List of shopping malls in Jakarta}}
[[File:Inside of Grand Indonesia.jpg|thumb|220px|[[Grand Indonesia Shopping Town|Grand Indonesia]] shopping mall]]
Jakarta is one of Southeast Asia’s largest retail centres and is known for its extensive network of shopping malls and traditional markets. As of the mid-2010s, the city had one of the largest total [[List of malls in Jakarta|shopping mall floor areas]] among cities worldwide.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2015/10/22/14262611/.Jakarta.Kota.dengan.Lahan.Mal.Terluas.di.Dunia |title=Jakarta, Kota dengan Lahan Mal Terluas di Dunia |work=KOMPAS.com |date=22 October 2015 |access-date=22 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227202504/http://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2015/10/22/14262611/.Jakarta.Kota.dengan.Lahan.Mal.Terluas.di.Dunia. |archive-date=27 December 2016 |url-status=live |last1=Media |first1=Kompas Cyber }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/10/31/jakarta-a-city-with-many-shopping-centers.html |title=Jakarta, a city with many shopping centres |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=15 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815110234/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/10/31/jakarta-a-city-with-many-shopping-centers.html |archive-date=15 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Major shopping centres are concentrated in commercial districts such as Central Jakarta and South Jakarta, where large complexes including [[Sarinah Building|Sarinah]], [[Grand Indonesia]] and [[Plaza Senayan]] serve as prominent retail and entertainment hubs.

In addition to modern malls, Jakarta maintains a long tradition of traditional markets (''pasar''), which continue to play an important role in the city’s retail economy. Well-known markets such as [[Tanah Abang]], [[Pasar Baru]], and [[Glodok]] sell a wide variety of textiles, clothing, household goods, and food products. Some markets specialise in particular items, including antique goods sold along Jalan Surabaya and gemstones traded at Rawabening Market.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/07/20/special-transjakarta-buses-to-serve-city-shoppers.html |title=Special Transjakarta buses to serve city shoppers |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=20 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720094238/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/07/20/special-transjakarta-buses-to-serve-city-shoppers.html |archive-date=20 July 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Tourism===
{{further|Tourism in Indonesia|List of museums and cultural institutions in Indonesia|Jakarta Tourism and Culture Office}}
[[File:Angel island - The sixth stop (16932410548).jpg|thumb|220x220px|''Pulau Bidadari'' (Heavenly Nymph island) is one of the [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Thousand Islands]] scattered around the sea of Jakarta]]
[[File:Plaza Taman Ismail Marzuki.jpg|thumb|220px|The [[Ismail Marzuki Park]] is the most popular [[museum]] in Jakarta, there are several [[libraries]], [[theatres]], and Betawi [[performance art]]s]]
Although Jakarta is not traditionally considered Indonesia’s primary international tourist destination, the city functions as the country’s primary gateway and an important urban tourism centre. Many international visitors pass through Jakarta while travelling to other Indonesian destinations such as [[Bali]], the [[Komodo Island]], and [[Yogyakarta]]. In 2023, approximately 1.97 million foreign tourists visited the city,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://indonesiaexpat.id/news/jakartas-statistics-bureau-reports-an-increase-in-overseas-tourists-in-2023/|title=Jakarta's Statistics Bureau Reports an Increase in Overseas Tourists in 2023|newspaper=Indonesia Expat|accessdate=25 April 2024}}</ref> while domestic tourism accounts for a large share of overall visitor numbers.

International tourism rankings have identified Jakarta as a rapidly growing destination. According to the [[List of cities by international visitors|MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2017/09/27/jakarta-in-big-five-worlds-fastest-growing-destinations.html |title=Jakarta in big five world's fastest growing destinations |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=27 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927094749/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2017/09/27/jakarta-in-big-five-worlds-fastest-growing-destinations.html |archive-date=27 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>, the city was among the fastest-growing tourism destinations in the world, while the [[World Travel and Tourism Council]] has also classified Jakarta as an emerging tourism market with strong projected growth in visitor arrivals.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/10/26/jakarta-among-10-fastest-growing-tourist-cities-in-the-world.html |title=Jakarta among 10 fastest growing tourist cities in the world |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=7 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209124752/http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/10/26/jakarta-among-10-fastest-growing-tourist-cities-in-the-world.html |archive-date=9 December 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Euromonitor International’s 2019 ranking placed Jakarta among the 100 most visited cities globally.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://go.euromonitor.com/rs/805-KOK-719/images/Euromonitor%20International_WTM%20London%202017_Top%20100%20City%20Destinations.pdf |title=Euromonitor International's Top 100 City Destinations Ranking |access-date=8 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412023032/http://go.euromonitor.com/rs/805-KOK-719/images/Euromonitor%20International_WTM%20London%202017_Top%20100%20City%20Destinations.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The city government has sought to expand tourism through the development of [[MICE tourism|meetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions (MICE) tourism]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/05/06/jakarta-preps-mice-tourism-to-lure-more-tourists.html |title=Jakarta preps MICE tourism to lure more tourists |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=16 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610052514/http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/05/06/jakarta-preps-mice-tourism-to-lure-more-tourists.html |archive-date=10 June 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/04/29/ministry-holds-national-convention-to-develop-mice-tourism.html |title=Ministry holds national convention to develop MICE tourism |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=16 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802131043/http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/04/29/ministry-holds-national-convention-to-develop-mice-tourism.html |archive-date=2 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> as well as through cultural festivals and large international events. The tourism sector contributes to Jakarta’s economy and municipal revenue, stemming from the city’s role as Indonesia’s principal commercial and transportation hub.

==Culture==
As the capital and largest city of Indonesia, Jakarta is a major centre of cultural exchange and diversity. The city’s population includes people from across the Indonesian archipelago, making its cultural life a mixture of traditions, languages, and customs originating from many regions of the country. Although the [[Betawi people]] are regarded as Jakarta’s indigenous community, the city’s culture has been shaped by successive waves of migration and interaction among different ethnic groups. [[Javanese people|Javanese]] form the largest ethnic group in the capital, followed by Betawi and [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]] communities, alongside numerous other groups from throughout Indonesia. This diversity is reflected in Jakarta’s arts, festivals, media, cuisine, and sporting life.

===Arts and festivals===
[[File:Sang Pawang Ondel Ondel.jpg|thumb|''[[Ondel-ondel]]'' puppets are the mascot of the city and the symbol of [[Betawi people|Betawi]] culture.]]Jakarta’s artistic and cultural life is closely linked to [[Betawi people|Betawi]] culture, the traditional culture of the city’s indigenous community. Betawi culture developed through centuries of interaction among Malay, [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]], [[Javanese people|Javanese]], Chinese, Arab, Indian, and European influences, producing distinctive traditions in language, music, cuisine, and ceremonial practices. Chinese cultural influence is particularly visible in Betawi festivals, wedding traditions, and culinary customs.

[[File:Tanjidor, by M Jeffry Hanafiah.jpg|thumb|[[Tanjidor]] music demonstrates [[Portuguese Indonesians|European]] influence.]]
Efforts to preserve and promote Betawi arts and traditions are reflected in several community festivals held in different parts of the city,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/08/23/lebaran-betawi-an-event-maintain-bonds-and-traditions.html|title=Lebaran Betawi: An event to maintain bonds and traditions|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=27 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727113539/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/08/23/lebaran-betawi-an-event-maintain-bonds-and-traditions.html|archive-date=27 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2019/07/27/16343861/festival-condet-2019-upaya-untuk-lestarikan-budaya-betawi|title=Festival Condet 2019, Upaya untuk Lestarikan Budaya Betawi|newspaper=Kompas|access-date=27 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190727111921/https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2019/07/27/16343861/festival-condet-2019-upaya-untuk-lestarikan-budaya-betawi|archive-date=27 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Knörr|2007}}</ref> including the ''Jalan Jaksa Festival'', ''Condet Festival'', and ''Lebaran Betawi''. Cultural traditions are also maintained through local celebrations such as the ''Sedekah Bumi Keramat Ganceng Festival'' in Pondok Ranggon.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sinpo.id/detail/98421/festival-ganceng-2025-resmi-dibuka-wali-kota-jaktim-ajak-generasi-muda-lestarikan-tradisi|title=Festival Ganceng 2025 Resmi Dibuka, Wali Kota Jaktim Ajak Generasi Muda Lestarikan Tradisi|website=sinpo.id|publisher=Sinpo|language=id|access-date=2 September 2025|date=14 June 2025|first=|last=}}</ref> These events often feature traditional music, dance performances, and exhibitions of Betawi cultural heritage.

Jakarta has numerous venues dedicated to performing arts and cultural exhibitions. Major cultural centres include the [[Taman Ismail Marzuki]] arts complex in Cikini, [[Gedung Kesenian Jakarta]] near Pasar Baru, and Aula Simfonia Jakarta in Kemayoran. Other venues such as [[Balai Sarbini]], [[Bentara Budaya Jakarta]], and the Pasar Seni art market in [[Ancol]] host exhibitions, concerts, and theatrical performances. Traditional Indonesian performing arts, including [[wayang]] puppet theatre and gamelan music, are regularly staged in various venues across the city, including the [[Wayang wong|Wayang Orang]] Bharata Theatre and cultural pavilions at [[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]].

The city also hosts numerous cultural festivals and exhibitions throughout the year. These include film events such as the [[Jakarta International Film Festival]] (JiFFest), as well as large cultural gatherings such as [[Jakarta Fashion Week]], the [[Jakarta Fashion & Food Festival]], and the [[Jakarta Fair]]. Other major events include the [[Indonesia International Book Fair]], [[Indonesia Comic Con]], and [[Art Jakarta]], an annual contemporary art fair. The [[Jakarta International Java Jazz Festival]], held each year in March, is one of the largest jazz festivals in the world.

Jakarta’s cultural landscape is further enriched by the presence of international cultural centres that promote language and the arts. Institutions such as the French [[Institut Français d'Indonésie]], the German [[Goethe Institut]], the [[Japan Foundation]], the [[British Council]] and the Dutch [[Erasmus Huis]] organise exhibitions, performances, and educational programmes that contribute to the city’s cosmopolitan cultural environment.

===Cuisine===
{{Main|Betawi cuisine}}

[[File:Soto Betawi Jakarta Street Side Food.JPG|thumb|''[[Soto Betawi]]'', mainly consisting of [[beef]] or [[offal]] in [[milk]] or [[coconut milk]] soup.]]
Jakarta’s culinary culture reflects the city’s long history as a meeting point of diverse ethnic and cultural influences. While [[Indonesian cuisine|dishes from across Indonesia]] are widely available in the capital, the traditional local cuisine is [[Betawi cuisine]], which developed among the [[Betawi people]] and incorporates influences from [[Peranakan cuisine|Malay-Chinese Peranakan cuisine]], [[Sundanese cuisine|Sundanese]], [[Javanese cuisine|Javanese]], Indian, Arab, and European culinary traditions. One of the best-known Betawi dishes is ''[[Soto (food)#Varieties|Soto]] [[Betawi people|Betawi]]'', a rich soup made with beef and offal cooked in a spiced broth of coconut milk or cow’s milk. Other traditional dishes include ''[[Ketoprak (dish)|ketoprak]]'', ''[[Rojak#Rujak Juhi|rujak]]'', and Betawi-style ''[[gado-gado]]''.

As Indonesia’s largest city, Jakarta is also known for its vibrant [[street food]] culture. [[Hawker (trade)|Food travelling vendors]] and small roadside eateries (''warung'') serve a wide variety of dishes throughout the city, ranging from common Indonesian foods such as ''[[nasi goreng]]'' (fried rice), ''[[satay|sate]]'' (skewered meats), and ''[[bakso]]'' (meatballs) to snacks such as ''[[Baozi|bakpau]]'' (Chinese bun) and ''[[siomay]]'' (fish dumplings). Culinary traditions from other Indonesian regions are also strongly represented; for example, [[Padang cuisine#Padang restaurants|Padang restaurants]] serving [[Minangkabau cuisine]] and ''[[Warung#Varieties|warteg]]'' (short for ''warung tegal'') food stalls offering inexpensive home-style meals are widespread in Jakarta.<ref>{{cite news|last=Parker|first=Simon|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/asia/indonesia/jakarta/articles/36-hours-in-jakarta/|title=36 Hours in... Jakarta|newspaper=The Telegraph|access-date=10 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207164631/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/asia/indonesia/jakarta/articles/36-hours-in-jakarta/|archive-date=7 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

Several districts of the city are known for their concentrations of street food stalls, restaurants, and cafés, including areas such as [[Jalan Jaksa|Sabang Street]], [[Blok M]], and [[Kota Tua Jakarta|Kota Tua]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Wira|first=Simon Ni Nyoman|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/04/13/jakpost-guide-to-jl-sabang.html|title=Jakpost guide to Jl. Sabang|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=9 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809172452/http://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2017/04/13/jakpost-guide-to-jl-sabang.html|archive-date=9 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Symington|first=Martin|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/asia/jakarta-travel-tips-where-to-go-and-what-to-see-in-48-hours-9757018.html|title=Jakarta Travel Tips: Where to go and what to do in 48 hours|newspaper=The Independent|access-date=23 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423232525/https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/asia/jakarta-travel-tips-where-to-go-and-what-to-see-in-48-hours-9757018.html|archive-date=23 April 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/06/24/the-legendary-eateries-you-must-visit-in-blok-m.html|title=The legendary eateries you must visit in Blok M|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=9 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809211115/http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/06/24/the-legendary-eateries-you-must-visit-in-blok-m.html|archive-date=9 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Chinese culinary traditions are especially prominent in parts of West Jakarta, particularly around [[Glodok]] and [[Mangga Besar]], while the Blok M area has developed a reputation for Japanese restaurants and nightlife venues.<ref>{{cite news|last=Figge|first=Katrin|url=http://jakartaglobe.id/archive/a-trip-to-melawais-little-tokyo-in-jakarta/|title=A Trip to Melawai's Little Tokyo in Jakarta|newspaper=Jakarta Globe|access-date=10 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812140556/http://jakartaglobe.id/archive/a-trip-to-melawais-little-tokyo-in-jakarta/|archive-date=12 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The city government has also established organised food courts such as [[Lenggang Jakarta]] and [[Thamrin 10]], which provide spaces for small vendors and street-food traders.<ref>{{cite web|last=Prakoso|first=Johanes Randy|date=29 June 2015|title=Lenggang Jakarta, Tempat Nongkrong Baru di Monas|url=http://travel.detik.com/read/2015/06/29/140837/2955101/1519/lenggang-jakarta-tempat-nongkrong-baru-di-monas|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160724070751/http://travel.detik.com/read/2015/06/29/140837/2955101/1519/lenggang-jakarta-tempat-nongkrong-baru-di-monas|archive-date=24 July 2016|website=detik.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/academia/2020/02/01/better-space-for-cheap-food.html|title=Better space for cheap food|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=8 March 2020|archive-date=24 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424145439/https://www.thejakartapost.com/academia/2020/02/01/better-space-for-cheap-food.html|url-status=live }}</ref>

Jakarta’s dining scene ranges from modest street vendors to upscale restaurants and international chains.<ref>{{cite news|last=Tanjung|first=Intan|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/07/23/where-to-go-for-a-drink-and-to-dress-up-to-impress.html|title=Where to go for a drink and to dress up to impress|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=10 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171210180351/http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2016/07/23/where-to-go-for-a-drink-and-to-dress-up-to-impress.html|archive-date=10 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Local restaurant brands such as [[Bakmi GM]], [[D'Cost]], [[Es Teler 77]] and [[Restoran Sederhana|Sederhana]] operate alongside global fast-food outlets in shopping centres across the city.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Life-Arts/Life/Superhot-fried-chicken-eats-into-KFC-s-dominance-in-Indonesia|title=Superhot fried chicken eats into KFC's dominance in Indonesia|newspaper=Nikkei Asian Review|access-date=23 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523105332/https://asia.nikkei.com/Life-Arts/Life/Superhot-fried-chicken-eats-into-KFC-s-dominance-in-Indonesia|archive-date=23 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Owing to Jakarta’s cosmopolitan population, restaurants serving international cuisines—including Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Indian, Turkish, Middle Eastern, American, European, and other Asian cuisines—are widely available throughout the capital.

===Sports===
{{Multiple image
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| header =
| width = 220
| image1 = U17 World Cup Brazil England.jpg
| width1 =
| alt1 =
| caption1 = [[Jakarta International Stadium]] at [[Tanjung Priok]]. It is the home of [[Persija]] F.C. and has a seating capacity of 82,000. It is Indonesia's biggest stadium.
| image2 = GBK_24-10-2018.jpg
| width2 =
| alt2 =
| caption2 = [[Gelora Bung Karno Stadium]], home of the Indonesia [[Indonesia national football team]], has a seating capacity of 78,000. It is Indonesia's second-biggest stadium.
| image3 = Istora Senayan Interior January 2018.jpg
| width3 =
| alt3 =
| caption3 = [[Istora Gelora Bung Karno]], home of the [[Indonesia national badminton team]], has a capacity of 8,000 seats.
| image4 = Indonesia Arena 3 September 2023 - Pre Match BRA vs LAT.jpg
| width4 =
| alt4 =
| caption4 = [[Indonesia Arena]], is the fields that can be used for [[Basketball]], [[Volleyball]], and [[Badminton]]
}}

Jakarta has hosted numerous major international sporting events and serves as one of Indonesia’s principal centres for sport. The city hosted the [[1962 Asian Games]],{{sfn|Hanna|1962|pp=193–203}} and co-hosted the [[2018 Asian Games]] with [[Palembang]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ocasia.org/Game/GameParticular.aspx?9QoyD9QEWPeFpHpEhgXsDA==|title=Olympic Council of Asia: Games|publisher=Ocasia.org|access-date=27 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005210655/http://www.ocasia.org/game/GameParticular.aspx?9QoyD9QEWPeFpHpEhgXsDA==|archive-date=5 October 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> It has also hosted the Southeast Asian Games several times, including in 1979, 1987, 1997, and 2011. Major football tournaments have also taken place in the city; the [[Gelora Bung Karno Stadium]] was one of the venues for the [[2007 AFC Asian Cup]], hosting group-stage matches as well as the quarter-final and final.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://reservation.gbk.id/venue/id_stadion-utama-gelora-bung-karno|title=Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno|access-date=10 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003181809/https://reservation.gbk.id/venue/id_stadion-utama-gelora-bung-karno|archive-date=3 October 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.the-afc.com/en/previous-competitions/afc-asian-cup-2007/afc-asian-cup-2007-hosts|title=Asian Cup 2007 Host nations|date=11 September 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090723093055/http://www.the-afc.com/en/previous-competitions/afc-asian-cup-2007/afc-asian-cup-2007-hosts|archive-date=23 July 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fussballtempel.net/afc/IDN.html|title=Football stadiums of the world – Stadiums in Indonesia|publisher=Fussballtempel.net|access-date=27 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100513032836/http://www.fussballtempel.net/afc/IDN.html|archive-date=13 May 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> Following the success of the 2018 Asian Games, Jakarta submitted a bid to host the [[2032 Summer Olympics]], although the Games were ultimately awarded to [[Brisbane]].

The city contains several large sporting venues and complexes. The [[Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex]] in [[Senayan]] is Jakarta’s main sporting hub and includes facilities for football, athletics, aquatic sports, tennis, and indoor arena sports. Other major venues include the [[Jakarta International Stadium]], a retractable-roof football stadium completed in 2022, the [[Jakarta International Velodrome]] in Rawamangun,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nysnmedia.com/lintasan-sudah-90-persen-rampung-timnas-sepeda-jajal-venue-velodrome-awal-mei/|title=Lintasan Sudah 90 Persen Rampung, Timnas Sepeda Jajal Venue Velodrome Awal Mei|publisher=NYSN Media|access-date=5 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615111614/http://nysnmedia.com/lintasan-sudah-90-persen-rampung-timnas-sepeda-jajal-venue-velodrome-awal-mei/|archive-date=15 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and the [[Jakarta International Equestrian Park]] in Pulomas, both of which were developed or renovated for the 2018 Asian Games.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.beritasatu.com/jakarta/448378-equestrian-park-pulomas-ditargetkan-rampung-november-2017.html|title=Equestrian Park Pulomas Ditargetkan Rampung November 2017|newspaper=Berita Satu|access-date=6 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701030446/http://www.beritasatu.com/jakarta/448378-equestrian-park-pulomas-ditargetkan-rampung-november-2017.html|archive-date=1 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Indoor arenas such as the [[BritAma Arena]] and facilities in [[Kelapa Gading]] are also used for national basketball competitions and other sporting events.

Football is the most popular sport in Jakarta. The city’s main professional club is [[Persija Jakarta|Persija]], which competes in Indonesia’s top football league, [[Liga 1 (Indonesia)|Liga 1]], while [[Persitara Jakarta Utara|Persitara]] plays in the lower-tier [[Liga 3 (Indonesia)|Liga 3]]. Jakarta also hosts large-scale sporting events such as the [[Jakarta Marathon]], established in 2013 and recognised by international athletics organisations, attracting thousands of participants from many countries each year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indonesia.travel/en/event/detail/867/jakarta-marathon-2014-indonesia-s-biggest-running-event|title=Wonderful Indonesia – Jakarta Marathon 2014 : Indonesia's Biggest Running Event|publisher=Indonesia.travel|access-date=19 November 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119080400/http://indonesia.travel/en/event/detail/867/jakarta-marathon-2014-indonesia-s-biggest-running-event|archive-date=19 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/10/23/thousands-runners-join-jakarta-marathon-2015-sunday.html|title=Thousands of runners to join Jakarta Marathon 2015 on Sunday|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|date=23 October 2015|access-date=19 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119142554/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/10/23/thousands-runners-join-jakarta-marathon-2015-sunday.html|archive-date=19 November 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

In addition to professional sports, recreational and community sporting activities are common in the city. One well-known example is the [[Car-free days|Jakarta Car-Free Day]], held regularly on major central avenues such as Jalan Sudirman and Jalan Thamrin, when sections of the roads are closed to motor vehicles. During these events, residents participate in activities such as jogging, cycling, aerobics, and other outdoor sports.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2008/06/25/carfree-day-reduces-air-pollution-tests.html|title=Car-Free Day reduces air pollution: Tests|date=25 June 2008|access-date=26 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607063052/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2008/06/25/carfree-day-reduces-air-pollution-tests.html|archive-date=7 June 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> Jakarta has also hosted international motorsport events, including the [[Formula E]] [[Jakarta ePrix]], first held in 2022 at the [[Jakarta International e-Prix Circuit|Ancol Circuit]], North Jakarta.<ref>{{cite web|date=10 February 2022|title=Sirkuit Formula E di Ancol Mulai Dibangun|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5936626/sirkuit-formula-e-di-ancol-mulai-dibangun|access-date=11 February 2022|website=Detik.com|archive-date=9 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409032532/https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5936626/sirkuit-formula-e-di-ancol-mulai-dibangun|url-status=live }}</ref>

===Media and entertainment===
[[File:TVRITower.jpg|thumb|upright|The main [[TVRI Tower|TV tower]] of [[TVRI]] at its headquarters in Jakarta]]

{{see also|List of newspapers in Indonesia|List of radio stations in Jakarta|List of television stations in Indonesia}}
Jakarta is the centre of Indonesia’s national media industry and hosts most of the country’s major newspapers, broadcasters, and publishing companies. Several national newspapers are based in the city, including ''[[Kompas]]'' and ''[[Media Indonesia]]'', while local newspapers such as ''[[Pos Kota]]'' and ''[[Warta Kota]]'' focus primarily on news and events within the capital. A number of specialised publications are also produced in Jakarta, including business newspapers such as ''[[Bisnis Indonesia]]'' and ''[[Investor Daily]]'', as well as the sports newspaper ''[[Tribun Network|Super Ball]]''.

The city is also home to several newspapers published in foreign languages for national and international audiences. English-language publications include ''[[The Jakarta Post]]'' and the online news outlet ''[[The Jakarta Globe]]''. Chinese-language newspapers such as ''[[Harian Indonesia]]'' (印尼星洲日报), and ''[[International Daily News|Guoji Ribao]]'' (国际日报) circulate among the Indonesian Chinese community, while the Japanese-language newspaper ''[[The Daily Jakarta Shimbun]]'' (じゃかるた新聞) serves Japanese readers in Indonesia.

Radio broadcasting remains an important part of Jakarta’s media landscape. Dozens of stations operate in the metropolitan area, including both public and private networks. National radio networks based in Jakarta include [[Prambors FM]], [[Hard Rock FM]], and Delta FM, while public broadcasting services are provided by ''[[Radio Republik Indonesia]]'' (RRI). Local stations such as ''[[Gen FM]]'' and ''[[Radio Elshinta]]'' also broadcast from the city.

Jakarta is likewise the headquarters of Indonesia’s public television broadcaster [[TVRI]] and several private national television networks, including [[Metro TV (Indonesian TV network)|Metro TV]], [[tvOne (Indonesian TV network)|tvOne]], [[Kompas TV]], and [[RCTI]]. The city also has local television stations such as [[TVRI Jakarta]], [[JakTV]], and Elshinta TV. In recent years, Indonesia has begun transitioning from analogue broadcasting to digital television using the DVB-T2 standard as part of a [[Digital terrestrial television in Indonesia|nationwide digital migration programme]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvdigital.kominfo.go.id/berita/2-siaran-tv-digital.html|title=TV Digital Indonesia – Siaran TV Digital|access-date=7 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701193202/http://www.tvdigital.kominfo.go.id/berita/2-siaran-tv-digital.html|archive-date=1 July 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Government and politics==
{{Main|Governor of Jakarta}}

[[File:Balaikota DKI Jakarta.jpg|thumb|[[Jakarta City Hall]]]]
Jakarta has a special administrative status equivalent to that of a [[Provinces of Indonesia|province]] within Indonesia. The provincial government is led by a directly elected [[Governor of Jakarta|governor]] and [[Vice Governor of Jakarta|vice governor]], while legislative authority is exercised by the [[Jakarta Regional People's Representative Council]] (''Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah'', DPRD DKI Jakarta), whose members are elected through provincial elections. The governor’s office and main administrative headquarters are located at the [[Jakarta City Hall]], south of [[Merdeka Square, Jakarta|Merdeka Square]].

The provincial administration oversees five administrative cities ({{lang|id|kota administrasi}})—Central Jakarta, West Jakarta, South Jakarta, East Jakarta, and North Jakarta—and one [[Regencies of Indonesia|administrative regency]], the Thousand Islands ({{lang|id|Kepulauan Seribu}}). Each administrative city is headed by a [[mayor]] ({{lang|id|walikota}}) and the regency by a [[regent]] ({{lang|id|bupati}}), all of whom are appointed by the governor rather than directly elected. These administrative units are further divided into districts ({{lang|id|kecamatan}}).

At the national level, Jakarta is represented in Indonesia’s national legislature. The province elects 21 members to the [[House of Representatives (Indonesia)|People's Representative Council]] ({{lang|id|Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat}}, DPR) from three electoral districts. Jakarta I corresponds to East Jakarta, Jakarta II includes Central and South Jakarta together with Indonesian voters residing overseas,<ref>{{cite news|title=Ini 21 Caleg DPR yang Terpilih dari DKI Jakarta|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/2582777/ini-21-caleg-dpr-yang-terpilih-dari-dki-jakarta|access-date=14 August 2018|website=detik.com|date=14 May 2014|language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814103209/https://news.detik.com/berita/2582777/ini-21-caleg-dpr-yang-terpilih-dari-dki-jakarta|archive-date=14 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and Jakarta III comprises North and West Jakarta as well as the Thousand Islands. Like all Indonesian provinces, Jakarta also sends four representatives to the [[Regional Representative Council]] ({{lang|id|Dewan Perwakilan Daerah}}, DPD), the upper chamber of parliament.

The provincial government has also promoted digital governance initiatives. One example is the Jakarta Smart City (JSC) programme, launched in 2014 to improve urban management through data integration, online services, and mobile applications aimed at enhancing public services, mobility, environmental monitoring, and civic participation.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/14/four-years-on-ahoks-smart-city-legacy-lives-on.html|title=Four years on, Ahok's 'Smart City' legacy lives on|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=14 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114153327/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/14/four-years-on-ahoks-smart-city-legacy-lives-on.html|archive-date=14 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Public safety===
[[File:Polda Metro Jaya dari Simpang Susun Semanggi (2024).jpg|thumb|170px|The Headquarters of [[Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Regional Police|Polda Metro Jaya]]]]
Public safety in Jakarta is primarily the responsibility of the [[Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Regional Police]] (''Polda Metro Jaya''), which oversees law enforcement across the Jakarta metropolitan area. It is led by a [[Inspector General of Police#Indonesia|two-star police general]] (''Kapolda Metro Jaya''). The [[Indonesian Army]], led by a Major General (''Pangdam Jaya''), also maintains a regional command in the city, the [[Kodam Jaya|Jayakarta Military Regional Command]] (''Kodam Jaya''), which functions as part of the national defence structure and supports security operations in coordination with civilian authorities when required.

===Municipal finances===
Jakarta’s provincial government relies heavily on transfers from the national government for much of its revenue. Locally generated income is derived mainly from taxes, including vehicle ownership and vehicle transfer fees.<ref>'Taxpayer money for the city', ''The Jakarta Post'', 16 July 2011.</ref> Despite significant fiscal resources, the provincial administration often records budget surpluses—typically between 15 and 20 percent of planned spending—largely due to delays in procurement and other administrative inefficiencies.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/01/29/editorial-regional-budgets-underspent.html|title=Editorial: Regional budgets underspent|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=8 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010174954/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/01/29/editorial-regional-budgets-underspent.html|archive-date=10 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Dewi|first=Sita W.|date=9 December 2013|title=Jokowi spends less, provides more than Foke, say observers|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/12/09/jokowi-spends-less-provides-more-foke-say-observers.html|access-date=19 October 2021|archive-date=28 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233100/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/12/09/jokowi-spends-less-provides-more-foke-say-observers.html|url-status=live }}</ref>

Public expenditure has prioritised sectors such as education, transportation infrastructure, flood control, environmental management, and social services including healthcare and housing.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dewi|first=Sita W.|date=29 January 2013|title=Council approves city budget for 2013, higher than proposed|work=The Jakarta Post|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/01/29/council-approves-city-budget-2013-higher-proposed.html|access-date=28 October 2021|archive-date=28 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233059/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/01/29/council-approves-city-budget-2013-higher-proposed.html|url-status=live }}</ref> Jakarta’s regional budget (''Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah'', APBD) has grown steadily in recent years, reaching approximately Rp77.1 trillion in 2017, Rp83.2 trillion in 2018, and Rp89 trillion in 2019.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/11/28/2019-draft-city-budget-to-be-set-at-rp-89-trillion.html|title=2019 draft city budget to be set at Rp 89 trillion|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=17 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817150214/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/11/28/2019-draft-city-budget-to-be-set-at-rp-89-trillion.html|archive-date=17 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1236195/jakarta-proposes-rp95-trillion-regional-budget-plan-for-2020?|title=Jakarta Proposes Rp95 Trillion Regional Budget Plan for 2020|newspaper=Tempo|access-date=17 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815081524/https://en.tempo.co/read/1236195/jakarta-proposes-rp95-trillion-regional-budget-plan-for-2020|archive-date=15 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2017/05/13/jakarta-revised-budget-estimated-at-rp-72-trillion.html|title=Jakarta revised budget estimated at Rp 72 trillion|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=17 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817153243/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2017/05/13/jakarta-revised-budget-estimated-at-rp-72-trillion.html|archive-date=17 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Administrative divisions===
{{See also|List of districts of Jakarta}}
[[File:Special Capital Region of Jakarta.png|thumb|Map of the administrative cities ({{lang|id|Kota administratif}}) in Jakarta province; the Thousand Islands Regency (which is to the north) is shown in the inset to the lower left.]]
Jakarta is divided into five administrative cities ({{lang|id|Kota Administratif}}) and one [[Regencies of Indonesia|administrative regency]] ({{lang|id|Kabupaten Administratif}}), each headed by a mayor or regent. Unlike other Indonesian municipalities, these administrative divisions do not have their own local legislatures and remain directly subordinate to the provincial government of Jakarta. Each administrative city is further divided into [[Districts of Indonesia|districts]] ({{lang|id|[[Kecamatan]]}}).

The five administrative cities are [[Central Jakarta]], [[West Jakarta]], [[South Jakarta]], [[East Jakarta]], and [[North Jakarta]], while the [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Thousand Islands]] ({{lang|id|Kepulauan Seribu}}) form the province’s sole administrative regency.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/kepseribu|title="Thousand Island" Profile|work=The City Jakarta Administration|publisher=Jakarta.go.id|access-date=19 December 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616124511/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/kepseribu/|archive-date=16 June 2009}}</ref> Central Jakarta is the smallest of the municipalities and serves as the political and administrative centre of the capital, containing major national landmarks such as the [[National Monument (Indonesia)|National Monument (''Monas'')]], [[Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta|Istiqlal Mosque]], [[Jakarta Cathedral]], and several national museums.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakpus/default.asp|title=Central Jakarta Profile|work=The City Jakarta Administration|publisher=Jakarta.go.id|access-date=19 December 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090911220356/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakpus/default.asp|archive-date=11 September 2009}}</ref>

West Jakarta has a high concentration of small-scale industries and contains parts of [[Jakarta Old Town]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakbar/default.asp|title=West Jakarta Profile|work=The City Jakarta Administration|publisher=Jakarta.go.id|access-date=24 February 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090911220346/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakbar/default.asp|archive-date=11 September 2009}}</ref> including Dutch colonial era buildings such as ''[[Toko Merah]]'' and structures displaying Chinese architectural influence. South Jakarta, originally planned as a satellite city, has developed into an important commercial and affluent residential area, hosting major shopping centres and parts of Jakarta’s [[central business district]], including the [[Golden Triangle of Jakarta|Golden Triangle]] around [[Kebayoran Baru]] and [[Setiabudi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jaksel/|title=South Jakarta Profile|work=The City Jakarta Administration|publisher=Jakarta.go.id|access-date=19 December 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090705203755/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jaksel/|archive-date=5 July 2009}}</ref>

East Jakarta is characterised by large industrial zones<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jaktim/default.asp|title=East Jakarta Profile|work=The City Jakarta Administration|publisher=Jakarta.go.id|access-date=19 December 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014184630/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jaktim/default.asp|archive-date=14 October 2009}}</ref> and several major facilities, including [[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]] and [[Halim Perdanakusuma Airport]]. North Jakarta borders the Java Sea and contains the [[Port of Tanjung Priok]], Indonesia’s busiest seaport, as well as the [[Ancol Dreamland]] tourism complex.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakut/default.asp|title=North Jakarta Profile|work=The City Jakarta Administration|publisher=Jakarta.go.id|access-date=19 December 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090913084331/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakut/default.asp|archive-date=13 September 2009}}</ref> The Thousand Islands regency consists of more than one hundred small islands in the Java Sea and is known for its marine ecosystems and tourism activities such as diving and island recreation.

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ Jakarta's cities/municipalities ({{lang|id|Kota Administratif}})
! Name of City or Regency
!width="70"|Area in km2
! style="width:100px;"|Pop'n 2010 census<ref>Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.</ref>
! style="width:100px;"|Pop'n 2020 census<ref>Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</ref>
! style="width:100px;"|Pop'n mid 2025 estimate<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2026">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 27 February 2026, ''Kota Subussalam Dalam Angka 2026'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1175)</ref>
! style="width:100px;"|Pop'n density (per km2) in mid 2025
![[Human Development Index|HDI]] <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/26/413/1/-metode-baru-indeks-pembangunan-manusia.html|title=Human Development Indices by Province, 2020–2021 (New Method)|language=id|access-date=3 July 2022|archive-date=27 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127193437/https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/26/413/1/-metode-baru-indeks-pembangunan-manusia.html|url-status=live }}</ref> 2021 estimates
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[South Jakarta]]
|144.942||2,062,232||2,226,812||2,219,225||15,311
||0.849 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}})
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[East Jakarta]]
|185.538||2,693,896||3,037,139||3,085,058||16,628
||0.829 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}})
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[Central Jakarta]]
|47.565||902,973||1,056,896||1,038,396||21,831
||0.815 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}})
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[West Jakarta]]
|124.970||2,281,945||2,434,511||2,487,199||19,902
||0.817 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}})
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[North Jakarta]]
|147.212||1,645,659||1,778,981||1,819,009||12,356
||0.805 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}})
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Thousand Islands]]
|10.725||21,082||27,749||29,088||2,712
||0.721 ({{fontcolor|green|High}})
|}

==Infrastructure==
Jakarta has undertaken major infrastructure development projects aimed at improving urban livability and addressing long-standing challenges such as traffic congestion, flooding, and inadequate public services. One large-scale initiative is a ten-year urban regeneration programme valued at approximately Rp571 trillion (US$40.5 billion), which focuses on expanding public transportation, improving clean water and wastewater systems, upgrading housing, and strengthening flood-control infrastructure.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/06/21/capital-or-not-jakarta-looks-toward-urban-regeneration.html |title=Capital or not, Jakarta looks toward urban regeneration |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=21 June 2020 |archive-date=21 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621164407/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/06/21/capital-or-not-jakarta-looks-toward-urban-regeneration.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Transportation===
{{Main|Transport in Jakarta}}
{{multiple image
| perrow = 1
| footer = Various means of public transport in Jakarta; from top up to down: [[KRL Commuterline]], [[Jakarta MRT]], [[Jabodebek LRT]], [[Soekarno–Hatta Airport Rail Link]], [[Jakarta LRT]], and [[Transjakarta]]
| align = right
| width = 220
| image1 = JR 205 Keiyo 12sf @ Tebet-Cawang (20230713) (53328327787) (cropped).jpg
| alt1 = KRL
| image2 = MRTset12_(cropped).jpg
| alt2 = MRT
| image3 = LRT_Di_Jatimulya_(cropped).jpg
| alt3 = LRT
| image4 = Jakarta_Airport_Train_EA203_@_Grogol_(20230714)_(53330065885)_(cropped).jpg
| alt4 = Airport rail link
| image5 = LRT Jakarta - Hyundai Rotem LRV in Boulevard Utara Station.jpg
| alt5 = LRT
| image6 = SJM-240014 Sinar Jaya Transjakarta E-Cityline 3 Laksana.jpg
| alt6 = BRT
}}

Transportation in Jakarta reflects the scale and density of the Greater [[Jakarta metropolitan area]], which has a population of more than 40 million.<ref name=UNpopulation>{{Cite web |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/undesa_pd_2025_wup2025_summary_of_results.pdf |year=2025 |work=United Nations |location=New York |title=World Urbanization Prospects 2025 |access-date=20 November 2025 }}</ref> Although the city historically prioritized road development to accommodate private vehicles,<ref name="Easts.info">{{cite web|url=http://www.easts.info/on-line/proceedings_05/2391.pdf|title=Transportation Issues and Future Condition in Tokyo, Jakarta, Manila and Hiroshima|accessdate=11 May 2010}}</ref> recent policies have increasingly focused on expanding public transportation and improving mobility. Jakarta received the 2021 Global [[Sustainable Transport Award]] in recognition of efforts to integrate its public transit system,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/10/31/jakarta-wins-global-2021-sustainable-transport-award-for-integrated-public-transportation.html|title=Jakarta wins global 2021 Sustainable Transport Award for integrated public transportation|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|accessdate=31 October 2020}}</ref> though transport infrastructure continues to grapple with keeping pace with population growth.<ref name="NYT8413">{{cite news|title=Hours to Go, Just to Get to Work: Indonesians Cope With Infuriating Traffic and Inefficient Public Transit|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/08/05/world/asia/hours-to-go-just-to-get-to-work.html|accessdate=5 August 2013|newspaper=The New York Times|date=4 August 2013|author=Joe Cochrane}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Øren Aldal|first=Malin|last2=Overland|first2=Indra|date=2025-08-07|title=Does ASEAN climate policy pay sufficient attention to public transportation?|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01716-6|journal=Discover Sustainability|language=en|volume=6|issue=1|pages=767|doi=10.1007/s43621-025-01716-6|issn=2662-9984|doi-access=free }}</ref>

Road transport remains dominant in the city. Jakarta’s road system includes an extensive toll road network consisting of [[Jakarta Inner Ring Road|inner]] and [[Jakarta Outer Ring Road|outer ring roads]] and several radial expressways connecting the city with surrounding regions. Traffic congestion has long remained a significant problem,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1686084/heru-budi-asks-transjakarta-to-add-more-buses-to-reduce-congestion|title=Heru Budi Asks Transjakarta to Add More Buses to Reduce Congestion|newspaper=Tempo|accessdate=1 February 2023}}</ref> and policies such as the "odd–even" vehicle restriction system have been introduced to limit road use by private cars on certain days as a transitional measure before the planned implementation of electronic [[road pricing]].

Public transportation has expanded significantly since the 2010s and now includes several mass transit systems serving the wider [[Jakarta metropolitan area|metropolitan area]]. These include the [[TransJakarta]] bus rapid transit system, the [[Jakarta MRT]] and [[Jakarta LRT|LRT]], the [[KRL Commuterline]] suburban railway, and the [[Soekarno–Hatta Airport Rail Link]]. Transit-oriented developments such as [[Dukuh Atas TOD|Dukuh Atas]] and [[CSW-ASEAN TOD|CSW–ASEAN]] have been built to improve integration between different transport modes. By 2023, public transport services covered approximately 86% of the city, with a target of reaching 95%.

Jakarta is served by several major transportation hubs. [[Soekarno–Hatta International Airport]] is the main gateway for air travel to the Greater Jakarta region, while [[Halim Perdanakusuma Airport]] handles limited domestic and private flights. The city’s principal seaport is [[Tanjung Priok]], Indonesia’s busiest port, which connects Jakarta with other parts of the archipelago. Smaller ports such as Sunda Kelapa and Muara Angke<ref>{{cite web|url=http://metropolitan.inilah.com/read/detail/1805915/pelabuhan-muara-angke-siap-digunakan|title=Pelabuhan Muara Angke Siap Digunakan|accessdate=13 August 2020}}</ref> support traditional shipping and ferry services, including connections to the [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Thousand Islands]].

===Healthcare===
Jakarta has an extensive [[Healthcare in Indonesia|healthcare system]] consisting of both public and private facilities. In 2012, then Jakarta Governor [[Joko Widodo]] introduced the 'Healthy Jakarta Card' (''Kartu Jakarta Sehat'', KJS),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.development.asia/PDF/issue15/devasia-15-web-4-nov-2013-14-overdue-antidote.pdf|title=Overdue Antidote|publisher=Asian Development Bank|last=McCawley|first=Tom|date=November 2013|access-date=24 December 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224102842/http://www.development.asia/PDF/issue15/devasia-15-web-4-nov-2013-14-overdue-antidote.pdf|archive-date=24 December 2013}}</ref> a regional universal healthcare programme aimed at expanding access to medical services for residents. In January 2014, the Indonesian government launched a nationwide universal healthcare system known as the 'National Health Insurance' (''[[Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional]], JKN)'', administered by the [[BPJS Kesehatan|Social Security Agency on Health]] (''BPJS Kesehatan'').{{sfn|Britnell|2015|p=47}} The Jakarta programme was later integrated into the national scheme,<ref>{{cite web|title=Pemprov DKI Jakarta Masuki Tahun ke-4 Integrasikan KJS ke Program JKN-KIS|url=https://www.bpjs-kesehatan.go.id/bpjs/index.php/post/read/2016/424/Jakarta-Provincial-Government-Experience-4th-Year-Program-to-Integrate-KJS-JKN-KIS|publisher=[[BPJS Kesehatan]]|access-date=18 January 2022|date=29 December 2016|language=id|archive-date=18 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118172826/https://www.bpjs-kesehatan.go.id/bpjs/index.php/post/read/2016/424/Jakarta-Provincial-Government-Experience-4th-Year-Program-to-Integrate-KJS-JKN-KIS|url-status=live }}</ref> and KJS cards remained valid until 2018.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Martiyanti|first1=Erna|title=Dinkes Pastikan KJS Masih Tetap Berlaku – Beritajakarta.id|url=https://www.beritajakarta.id/read/54041/dinkes-pastikan-kjs-masih-tetap-berlaku#.Yeb3cPgxVPY|access-date=18 January 2022|work=Beritajakarta.id/|date=17 January 2018|language=id|archive-date=18 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118172820/https://www.beritajakarta.id/read/54041/dinkes-pastikan-kjs-masih-tetap-berlaku#.Yeb3cPgxVPY|url-status=live }}</ref> As of 2021, approximately 85.55% of Jakarta's population was covered by the JKN programme.<ref>{{cite news|last=Dihni|first=Vika Azkiya|title=Bukan Jakarta, Penduduk yang Miliki BPJS di Provinsi Ini Terbanyak Se-Indonesia|url=https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2021/11/25/bukan-jakarta-penduduk-yang-miliki-bpjs-di-provinsi-ini-terbanyak-se-indonesia|access-date=18 January 2022|work=databoks.katadata.co.id|date=25 November 2021|language=id|archive-date=26 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126033740/https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2021/11/25/bukan-jakarta-penduduk-yang-miliki-bpjs-di-provinsi-ini-terbanyak-se-indonesia|url-status=live }}</ref>

Public healthcare facilities in the city include major government-run hospitals such as the [[Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital]], [[Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital]], as well as community hospitals and local public health centres (''[[puskesmas]]''). While public hospitals generally provide a good standard of care, they are often overcrowded due to high demand. Private hospitals and clinics also play an important role in Jakarta’s healthcare system. The sector has expanded since 2010, when the Indonesian government allowed foreign investment in private healthcare services. Some facilities are operated by nonprofit or religious organisations, while many others are run by private hospital groups such as [[Siloam Hospitals|Siloam]], Pondok Indah Hospital Group, and Mitra Keluarga.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/academia/2016/09/27/indonesias-health-care-industry-is-on-the-rise.html|title=Indonesia's health care industry is on the rise|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|access-date=21 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052122/http://www.thejakartapost.com/academia/2016/09/27/indonesias-health-care-industry-is-on-the-rise.html|archive-date=22 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2013/10/25/mayapada-hospital-jakarta-selatan-diresmikan|title=Mayapada Hospital Jakarta Selatan Diresmikan|newspaper=Tribun News|access-date=21 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222052329/http://www.tribunnews.com/nasional/2013/10/25/mayapada-hospital-jakarta-selatan-diresmikan|archive-date=22 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Jadwal Dokter|url=https://cloudmedis.com/jadwal-dokter/|website=cloudmedis.com|language=|access-date=6 May 2023}}</ref>

===Water supply===
{{further|Water privatisation in Jakarta}}
Jakarta’s piped water supply is operated through a concession system involving private companies and a public asset holder. Since 1998, two private operators—PALYJA and Aetra—have provided piped water services in the western and eastern parts of the city respectively under concession agreements, while the infrastructure is owned by the public company PAM Jaya. Much of the city’s water supply originates from the West Tarum Canal system, which carries water from the Jatiluhur reservoir on the [[Citarum River]], about {{cvt|70|km|0}} southeast of Jakarta. The water supply system was originally privatised in 1998, when concessions were granted to the French company [[Suez Environnement]] and the British company [[Thames Water]]. These companies later transferred their stakes to Indonesian operators. During the early years of the concession system, customer growth was slower than expected, partly due to tariff increases adjusted for inflation. Tariffs were later frozen in 2005, which reduced investment by private operators.

Access to piped water has improved over time but remains uneven across the city. According to PALYJA data, service coverage in western Jakarta increased from about 34% in 1998 to 65% in 2010,<ref>{{cite web|title=Key Figures|url=http://en.palyja.co.id/profile/key-figures/|access-date=20 November 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426001736/http://en.palyja.co.id/profile/key-figures/|archive-date=26 April 2012}}</ref> while access in eastern Jakarta rose from roughly 57% in 1998 to around 67% in 2004 before stagnating.{{efn|per data by the Jakarta Water Supply Regulatory Body.}}<ref>{{Cite thesis|last=Iwan|first=Renalia|title=Ten Years of Public Private Partnership in Jakarta Drinking Water Service (1998–2007): Eastern Jakarta Drinking Water Service by Thames PAM Jaya|date=2008|url=http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/978|language=en-NZ|access-date=16 November 2021|archive-date=16 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116222402/http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/978|url-status=live }}</ref> However, some independent studies have estimated much lower levels of direct household access, with figures as low as 25% in 2005 and 18.5% in 2011.<ref>{{Cite report|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/disconnected-poverty-water-supply-and-development-jakarta-indonesia|title=Disconnected: Poverty, Water Supply and Development in Jakarta, Indonesia|last1=Bakker|first1=Karen|last2=Kooy|first2=Michelle|date=2006|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme|UNDP]]|publication-date=17 October 2013|quote=Personal Communication from Kris Tutuko, Technical Director PAM JAYA, Jakarta, Indonesia (was quoted – seems difficult to understand).|last3=Shofiani|first3=Nur Endah|last4=Martijn|first4=Ernst-Jan|access-date=16 November 2021|archive-date=29 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220829213725/https://hdr.undp.org/content/disconnected-poverty-water-supply-and-development-jakarta-indonesia|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=KRuHA People's coalition for the water rights|title=Poor Water Service, Most of Jakarta People Threatened by E-Coli|url=http://www.kruha.org/page/en/dinamic_detil/50/194/Press_Releases/Poor_Water_Service__Most_of_Jakarta_People_Threatened_by_E_Coli.html|access-date=20 November 2011|date=7 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426001731/http://www.kruha.org/page/en/dinamic_detil/50/194/Press_Releases/Poor_Water_Service__Most_of_Jakarta_People_Threatened_by_E_Coli.html|archive-date=26 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> Many residents without piped water rely on groundwater wells, which are often saline or contaminated. As of 2017, the [[Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (Indonesia)|Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources]] reported that Jakarta was facing a significant clean water crisis.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Nababan|first1=Christine Novita|title=Kementerian ESDM: Jakarta Krisis Air Bersih|url=http://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20170610160840-85-220815/kementerian-esdm-jakarta-krisis-air-bersih/|access-date=13 June 2017|publisher=CNN Indonesia|date=11 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170611040040/http://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20170610160840-85-220815/kementerian-esdm-jakarta-krisis-air-bersih/|archive-date=11 June 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

==International relations==
{{See also|List of diplomatic missions in Jakarta}}

Jakarta's role as Indonesia’s capital and largest city extends far beyond domestic governance, positioning the city as a primary geopolitical and diplomatic hub within the Indo-Pacific region. By hosting a vast concentration of [[Diplomatic mission|foreign embassies]], the city serves as the essential point of contact for international relations, while its status as the permanent headquarters for the [[Association of Southeast Asian Nations]] (ASEAN) cements its reputation as the "diplomatic capital of Southeast Asia."<ref>{{cite web|title=Jakarta is Affirmed to be a Diplomatic Capital City|work=Association of Southeast Asian Nations|url=http://www.asean.org/jakarta-is-affirmed-to-be-a-diplomatic-capital-city/|access-date=28 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531081257/http://asean.org/jakarta-is-affirmed-to-be-a-diplomatic-capital-city/|archive-date=31 May 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> This institutional presence grants Jakarta significant influence over regional policy-making and economic cooperation.

Furthermore, the city’s global footprint is expanded through its active membership in specialized international networks that address modern urban challenges. Participation in the [[C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group]] demonstrates a commitment to global environmental standards and climate resilience, while involvement in the [[Asian Network of Major Cities 21]] and the [[ASEAN Smart Cities Network]] facilitates the exchange of technological innovation and infrastructure strategies. Collectively, these affiliations transform Jakarta from a local metropolis into a collaborative player on the world stage, deeply integrated into global efforts regarding sustainability, urban development, and regional security.

===Twin towns – sister cities===
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Indonesia}}
Jakarta signed [[sister city]] agreements with other cities, including [[Casablanca]]. To promote friendship between the two cities, the main avenue famous for its shopping and business centres was named after Jakarta's Moroccan sister city. No street in [[Casablanca]] is named after Jakarta. However, the Moroccan capital city of [[Rabat]] has an avenue named after [[Sukarno]], Indonesia's first president, to commemorate his visit in 1960 and as a token of friendship.<ref name="JakartaPost2">{{cite news |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/07/30/morocco-seeks-boost-business-ties-with-ri-envoy.html |title=Morocco seeks to boost business ties with RI: Envoy |first=Veeramalla |last=Anjaiah |date=30 July 2009 |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date= 14 June 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171114064731/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2009/07/30/morocco-seeks-boost-business-ties-with-ri-envoy.html |archive-date=14 November 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Jakarta's sister cities are:<ref name=sisters>{{cite web |title=21 State Capitals Working with Sister City with Jakarta |url=https://www.beritajakarta.id/en/read/29691/21-state-capitals-working-with-sister-city-with-jakarta |publisher=Berita Jakarta |date=13 February 2019 |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-date=21 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721063802/https://www.beritajakarta.id/en/read/29691/21-state-capitals-working-with-sister-city-with-jakarta |url-status=live}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=16em}}
* [[Bangkok]], Thailand
* [[Beijing]], China
* [[Berlin]], Germany
* [[Casablanca]], Morocco
* [[East Jerusalem]], Palestine
* [[Hanoi]], Vietnam
* [[Islamabad]], Pakistan
* [[Istanbul]], Turkey
* [[Jeddah]], Saudi Arabia
* [[Kyiv]], Ukraine
* [[Los Angeles]], United States
* [[Maputo]], Mozambique
* [[Mumbai]], India<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/bmc-plans-sister-city-square-to-celebrate-mumbai-s-bond-with-its-15-sister-cities-101646579820018.html |title=BMC plans 'sister city square' to celebrate Mumbai's bond with its 15 sister cities |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=6 March 2022 |access-date=2 December 2022 |language=en |archive-date=3 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203044959/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/bmc-plans-sister-city-square-to-celebrate-mumbai-s-bond-with-its-15-sister-cities-101646579820018.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Moscow]], Russia
* [[Pyongyang]], North Korea
* [[Seoul]], South Korea
* [[Shanghai]], China
* [[Tokyo]], Japan

{{div col end}}

Jakarta also has established a partnership with [[Rotterdam]], especially on integrated urban water management, including capacity-building and knowledge exchange.<ref name="NESO">{{cite news |title=Jakarta and Rotterdam strengthen ties on urban water management |date=16 September 2014 |work=Neso Indonesia |url=http://www.nesoindonesia.or.id/berita/2014/september/jakarta-and-rotterdam-strengthen-ties-on-urban-water-management |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807135334/http://www.nesoindonesia.or.id/berita/2014/september/jakarta-and-rotterdam-strengthen-ties-on-urban-water-management |archive-date=7 August 2016}}</ref> This cooperation is mainly because both cities are dealing with similar problems; they lie in low-lying flat plains and are prone to flooding. Additionally, they have both implemented drainage systems involving canals, dams and pumps vital for both cities for below-sea-level areas.

In addition to its sister cities, Jakarta cooperates with:<ref name=sisters/>
* [[Arkansas]], United States
* [[Budapest]], Hungary
* [[New South Wales]], Australia
* [[New York City|New York]], United States<ref name="GlobalOutreach">{{cite web |title=NYC's Partner Cities |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/gp/html/partner/partner.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814165415/http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/gp/html/partner/partner.shtml |archive-date=August 14, 2013 |access-date=March 26, 2015 |publisher=The City of New York }}</ref>
* [[Paris]], France
* [[Rotterdam]], Netherlands

==Notable people==
{{main category|People from Jakarta}}

==See also==
{{portal|Indonesia|Jakarta|Cities|Asia}}
* [[Betawi people]]
* [[Climate change in Indonesia]]
* [[Greater Jakarta]]
* [[List of tallest buildings in Jakarta]]
* [[Outline of Jakarta]]
* [[Transport in Jakarta]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
{{Reflist|group=Note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
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* {{cite journal |last=Douglass |first=M. |year=1989 |title=The Environmental Sustainability of Development. Coordination, Incentives and Political Will in Land Use Planning for the Jakarta Metropolis |journal=Third World Planning Review |volume=11 |issue=2 |page=211 |doi=10.3828/twpr.11.2.44113540kqt27180}}
* {{cite book |last=Friend |first=Theodore |title=Indonesian Destinies |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=2003 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_w6Mn4xRLt8C |isbn=978-0-674-01137-3 |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=29 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629160413/https://books.google.com/books?id=_w6Mn4xRLt8C |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last1=Ginsburg |first1=Norton Sydney |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OGWoa3bW-cYC |title=The Extended Metropolis: Settlement Transition in Asia |last2=Koppel |first2=Bruce |last3=McGee |first3=T. G. |date=1991 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |isbn=0-585-30143-3 |editor-last=Cheema |editor-first=G. Shabbir |location=Honolulu |chapter=The Extended Metropolis: Implications for Urban Management |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116222839/https://books.google.com/books?id=OGWoa3bW-cYC |url-status=live }}
* {{cite journal |last=Hanna |first=Willard A. |author-link=Willard A. Hanna |date=1962 |title=The Politics of Sport. Indonesia as the Host to the "Fourth Asian Games" |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1U9QAQAAMAAJ |department=[[American University]] |journal=Southeast Asia Series |volume=10 |issue=19 |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116222840/https://books.google.com/books?id=1U9QAQAAMAAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last1=Harpham |first1=Trudy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xg5HYXyEO2QC |title=Urban health in developing countries : progress and prospects |last2=Tanner |first2=Marcel |date=1995 |publisher=Earthscan |isbn=1-85383-285-5 |location=London |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116222400/https://books.google.com/books?id=xg5HYXyEO2QC |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last1=Hartmann |first1=Wolf D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LZLYswEACAAJ |title=Chinas neue Seidenstraße Kooperation statt Isolation |last2=Maennig |first2=Wolfgang |last3=Wang |first3=Run |date=2017 |isbn=978-3-95601-224-2 |edition=1 |location=Frankfurt am Main |language=de |trans-title=China's New Silk Road Cooperation instead of isolation |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233104/https://books.google.com/books?id=LZLYswEACAAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last1=Hellman |first1=Jorgen |last2=Thynell |first2=Marie |last3=Voorst |first3=Roanne van |title=Jakarta: Claiming spaces and rights in the city |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wtJMDwAAQBAJ |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-351-62044-4 |access-date=27 April 2021 |archive-date=29 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220829213725/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Jakarta/wtJMDwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Hermanto |first=Zarida |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C-_sAAAAMAAJ |title=Perubahan pemanfaatan tanah di Jabotabek : studi perbandingan dengan Gerbangkertosusila |date=1998 |publisher=[[Indonesian Institute of Sciences]] |isbn=979-9165-04-0 |location=Jakarta |trans-title=Land use change in Jabotabek: A comparative study with Gerbangkertosusila |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233100/https://books.google.com/books?id=C-_sAAAAMAAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Henderson |first=John William |date=1970 |title=Area Handbook for Indonesia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rDW9gEpgJJ4C |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |publication-place=Washington, D.C. |volume=550 |issue=39 |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233103/https://books.google.com/books?id=rDW9gEpgJJ4C |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Hernig |first=Marcus |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=coZaDwAAQBAJ |title=Die Renaissance der Seidenstraße: Der Weg des chinesischen Drachens ins Herz Europas |date=2018 |publisher=FinanzBuch Verlag |isbn=978-3-96092-253-7 |language=de |trans-title=The Renaissance of the Silk Road: The Chinese Dragon's Way to the Heart of Europe |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233101/https://books.google.com/books?id=coZaDwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Heuken |first=Adolf |title=Sumber-sumber asli sejarah Jakarta, Jilid I: Dokumen-dokumen sejarah Jakarta sampai dengan akhir abad ke-16 |date=1999 |volume=1 |publisher=Cipta Loka Caraka |trans-title=Original sources of Jakarta's history, Volume I: Historical documents of Jakarta up to the end of the 16th century}}
* {{cite book |last=Iyer |first=Alessandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4XocAQAAIAAJ |title=Indonesian Performing Arts: Tradition and Transition |date=2001 |publisher=Harwood Academic Pub. |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233108/https://books.google.com/books?id=4XocAQAAIAAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Kampen |first=Nicolaas Godfried |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fU1SAAAAcAAJ |title=Geschiedenis der Nederlanders buiten Europa |date=1831 |publisher=De Erven François Bohn |volume=1 |location=Haarlem |language=nl |trans-title=History of the Dutch outside Europe |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233111/https://books.google.com/books?id=fU1SAAAAcAAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Knörr |first=Jacqueline |title=Kreolität und postkoloniale Gesellschaft: Integration und Differenzierung in Jakarta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y_IAxzcSX7YC |date=2007 |publisher=Campus Verlag |trans-title=Creole and Post-Colonial Society: Integration and Differentiation in Jakarta |isbn=978-3-593-38344-6 |language=de |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233101/https://books.google.com/books?id=y_IAxzcSX7YC |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Knörr |first=Jacqueline |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bo0dDAAAQBAJ |title=Creole Identity in Postcolonial Indonesia |date=2014 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-1-78238-268-3 |jstor=j.ctt9qcwb1 |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=25 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325104504/https://books.google.com/books?id=Bo0dDAAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Kusno |first=Abidin |year=2000 |title=Behind the Postcolonial: Architecture, Urban Space and Political Cultures |location=New York City |publisher=Routledge |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1SSWwAtgkB8C |isbn=978-0-415-23615-7 |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233104/https://books.google.com/books?id=1SSWwAtgkB8C |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Merrillees |first=Scott |title=Jakarta: Portraits of a Capital 1950–1980 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=akLWjgEACAAJ&q=JAKARTA:+Portraits+of+a+Capital+1950-1980 |location=Jakarta |publisher=Equinox Publishing |date=2015 |isbn=9786028397308 |access-date=12 November 2020 |archive-date=30 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330012722/https://books.google.com/books?id=akLWjgEACAAJ&q=JAKARTA%3A+Portraits+of+a+Capital+1950-1980 |url-status=live }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Murray |first1=N.J. |last2=Clemens |first2=R.S. |last3=Phinn |first3=S.R. |last4=Possingham |first4=H.P. |last5=Fuller |first5=R.A. |title=Tracking the rapid loss of tidal wetlands in the Yellow Sea |journal=Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment |date=2014 |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=267–272 |doi=10.1890/130260 |bibcode=2014FrEE...12..267M |url=https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/60169/1/130260.pdf |access-date=5 August 2021 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207073933/https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/60169/1/130260.pdf |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last1=Nas |first1=Peter J.M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cBJr9viseXEC |title=Jakarta-Batavia: Socio-cultural Essays |last2=Grijns |first2=Kees |date=2000 |publisher=KITLV Press |isbn=90-6718-139-0 |location=Leiden |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=2 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202111722/https://books.google.com/books?id=cBJr9viseXEC |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Naim |first=Mochtar |title=Merantau |chapter-url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1355/9789814380164-002/html |chapter=Merantau: Causes and Effects of Minangkabau Voluntary Migration |date=1971 |pages=1–15 |publisher=ISEAS Publishing |isbn=978-981-4380-16-4 |doi=10.1355/9789814380164-002 |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233059/https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1355/9789814380164-002/html |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Porter |first=Donald James |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QcUOmAEACAAJ |title=Managing politics and Islam in Indonesia |date=2002 |isbn=0-7007-1736-6 |location=London |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116223034/https://books.google.com/books?id=QcUOmAEACAAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Reid |first=Anthony |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nV48FbJx1gQC |title=Imperial Alchemy: Nationalism and Political Identity in Southeast Asia |date=2010 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-87237-9 |access-date=16 November 2021 |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116222837/https://books.google.com/books?id=nV48FbJx1gQC |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Ricklefs |first=M. C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oj9dDwAAQBAJ |title=A History of Modern Indonesia |date=1981 |publisher=Macmillan Education UK |isbn=978-0-333-24380-0 |author-link=M. C. Ricklefs |location=London |doi=10.1007/978-1-349-16645-9 |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233105/https://books.google.com/books?id=oj9dDwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite journal |last=Sajor |first=Edsel E. |year=2003 |title=Globalization and the Urban Property Boom in Metro Cebu, Philippines |journal=Development and Change |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=713–742 |doi=10.1111/1467-7660.00325}}
* {{cite book |last1=Sáenz |first1=Rogelio |title=The International Handbook of the Demography of Race and Ethnicity |last2=Embrick |first2=David G. |last3=Rodriguez |first3=Nestor P. |date=2015 |isbn=978-90-481-8891-8 |location=Dordrecht}}
* {{cite book |last1=Schoppert |first1=P. |last2=Damais |first2=S. |title=Java Style |date=1997 |publisher=Didier Millet |location=Paris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AHHRaLFrMxMC |isbn=978-962-593-232-3 |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233100/https://books.google.com/books?id=AHHRaLFrMxMC |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Silver |first=Christopher |title=Planning the Megacity: Jakarta in the Twentieth Century |series=Planning, History and Environment |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UEaUAgAAQBAJ&q=Sukarno+build+Jakarta&pg=PA101 |publisher=Routledge |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-135-99122-7 |access-date=12 November 2020 |archive-date=17 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417190202/https://books.google.com/books?id=UEaUAgAAQBAJ&q=Sukarno+build+Jakarta&pg=PA101 |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Soekmono |first=R. |title=''Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia 2'', 2nd ed. |edition=2 |publisher=Penerbit Kanisius |year=1973 |trans-title=Introduction to Indonesian Cultural History 2 |location=Yogyakarta}}
* {{cite book |last1=Suryadinata |first1=Leo |last2=Arifin |first2=Evi Nurvidya |last3=Ananta |first3=Aris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nFckUneBbRIC |title=Indonesia's Population: Ethnicity and Religion in a Changing Political Landscape |year=2003 |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |isbn=978-981-230-212-0 |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=25 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825195405/https://books.google.com/books?id=nFckUneBbRIC |url-status=live }}
* {{cite web |last=Teeuwen |first=Dirk |title=From horsepower to electrification: Tramways in Batavia-Jakarta 1869–1962 |url=http://www.indonesia-dutchcolonialheritage.nl/Special%20Subjects/Railroads.html/tram-batavia[1].pdf |url-status=dead |website=Rendez-vous Batavia |publisher=Indonesia-Dutch Colonial Heritage |date=2010 |access-date=22 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160705011509/http://indonesia-dutchcolonialheritage.nl/Special%20Subjects/Railroads.html/tram-batavia%5B1%5D.pdf |archive-date=5 July 2016 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Torchia |first1=Christopher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BnhzBgAAQBAJ |title=Indonesian Idioms and Expressions: Colloquial Indonesian at Work |last2=Djuhari |first2=Lely |date=2007 |publisher=Tuttle Publishing |isbn=978-1-4629-1650-4 |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233107/https://books.google.com/books?id=BnhzBgAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Turner |first=Peter |title=Java |publisher=Lonely Planet |year=1997 |location=Melbourne |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SfQJAQAAMAAJ |isbn=978-0-86442-314-6 |edition=1st |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233058/https://books.google.com/books?id=SfQJAQAAMAAJ |url-status=live }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |title=Jakarta |date=2013 |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Jakarta |last=Waworoentoe |first=Willem Johan |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=14 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114011818/https://www.britannica.com/place/Jakarta |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Witton |first=Patrick |title=Indonesia |publisher=Lonely Planet Publications |year=2003 |location=Melbourne |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dmDYLxcPDPoC |isbn=978-1-74059-154-6 |access-date=27 April 2021 |archive-date=27 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427151558/https://books.google.com/books?id=dmDYLxcPDPoC |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book |last=Zahorka |first=Herwig |title=The Sunda Kingdoms of West Java |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xSRwAAAAMAAJ |publisher=Yayasan Cipta Loka Caraka |date=2007 |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233110/https://books.google.com/books?id=xSRwAAAAMAAJ |url-status=live }}
{{Refend}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite report |last=Fleming |first=Tom |date=28 April 2021 |title=Indonesia: Jakarta |url=https://www.britishcouncil.id/sites/default/files/d3_cultural_cities_indonesia_jakarta.pdf |series=Cultural Cities Profile East Asia |location=Jakarta |publisher=[[British Council|British Council Indonesia]] |docket= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240717151718/https://www.britishcouncil.id/sites/default/files/d3_cultural_cities_indonesia_jakarta.pdf |archive-date=17 July 2024 |access-date=7 April 2025}}
* {{cite book |last=Ring |first=Trudy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JqHPpNaZfNwC |title=International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania |date=1994 |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers |isbn=1-884964-05-2 |editor-last=Schellinger |editor-first=Paul E. |volume=5 |location=Chicago |editor-last2=Salkin |editor-first2=Robert M.}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|https://jakarta.go.id}}
* [https://jakarta-tourism.go.id/ Jakarta] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116222403/https://jakarta-tourism.go.id/ |date=16 November 2021 }} (official travel website)
* {{OSM relation|6362934}}

{{Geographic location
| North = [[Java Sea]]
| Northwest = [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Thousand Islands]]
| West = [[Tangerang]]
| Centre = Jakarta
| Southwest = [[South Tangerang]]
| South = [[Depok]]
| Southeast = ''[[Cileungsi]]'', [[Bogor Regency]]
| East = [[Bekasi]]
| Northeast = ''Tarumajaya'', [[Bekasi Regency]]
}}

{{Jakarta topics}}
{{Jakarta}}
{{Navboxes|list=
{{Provinces of Indonesia}}
{{Provincial capitals in Indonesia}}
{{Most populous cities in Indonesia}}
{{List of Asian capitals by region}}
{{United States of Indonesia}}
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}}
{{Subject bar|portal1=Jakarta|portal2=Geography|portal3=Asia|portal4=Indonesia|commons=y|n=y|n-search=Category:Jakarta|wikt=y|b=y|q=y|s=y|v=y|voy=y|d=y|d-search=Q3630}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Jakarta| ]]
[[Category:Capital districts and territories]]
[[Category:Provinces of Indonesia]]
[[Category:Capital cities in Asia]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Indonesia]]
[[Category:Populated places established by the Dutch East India Company]]
[[Category:1610 establishments in the Dutch Empire]]
[[Category:Special Regions of Indonesia]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1527]]

Hindoo Holiday

2026-03-27T05:45:37Z

PrakashBar: adding some stub basic info

{{Short description|1931 memoir by J. R. Ackerley}}
{{infobox book | 
| name = Hindoo Holiday
| title_orig =
| translator =
| image = File:HindooHoliday.jpg
| caption = First edition
| author = [[J. R. Ackerley]]
| illustrator = J. R. Ackerley
| cover_artist = Unknown
| country = United Kingdom
| language = English
| series =
| genre = [[memoir]]
| publisher = [[Chatto and Windus]]
| release_date = 1932
| english_release_date =
| media_type = Print ([[Hardback]])
| pages = 341
| isbn =
| oclc =
| preceded_by = Escapers All (as editor)
| followed_by = [[My Dog Tulip]]
}}
'''''Hindoo Holiday''''' is a comic [[memoir]] by the [[England|English]] author [[J. R. Ackerley]]. Published by [[Chatto and Windus]] in 1932, it is written in the form of (and based on) a journal which Ackerley kept during his five-month engagement as secretary to [[Vishwanath Singh (maharaja)|Vishwanath Singh]], [[Maharajah]] of [[Chhatarpur]] between December 1923 and May 1924.<ref>Parker, Peter (1989) ''Ackerley'', London: Constable. {{ISBN|9780747407195}}, p. 64</ref> Described on publication as a "gay satire on autocracy",<ref>Rear of first edition dustjacket.</ref> the text contains four [[Line art|line drawings]] by Ackerley himself.

==Content==
The book has date entries rather than chapters, and is split into two parts. It is explicitly not a travel journal: Ackerley provides no account of his journey to or from India, and he has comparatively little to say about the environment beyond a few descriptions of his immediate locale. As if to further emphasise this, Part One ends with Ackerley preparing for a trip to [[Varanasi]] (identified as Benares in the book), and Part Two begins with his return to Chhatarpur. (Ackerley renames it 'Chhokrapur', and in his introduction he confesses he "made up" the name, and "it would be idle to explore the map",<ref>Ackerley, J.R. (1932) ''Hindoo Holiday'', London: Chatto and Windus. p. xi</ref> however in practice it could not realistically be mistaken for anywhere else.)

At the start of the book, Ackerley lists the "Principal Characters", aside from himself.<ref>In his 1989 biography, Peter Parker, identifies the real names of the characters in the book (pp. 67-72)</ref> Tellingly, only Indians appear on the list; despite their presence throughout, he includes no [[Europeans]] or [[Anglo-Indians]] here. Apart from the Maharajah, there is the [[Dewan]] (the Maharajah's Prime Minister<ref>Pandit Shudeko Behari Misra</ref>), Babaji Rao<ref>Babu Gulab Rai</ref> (the Maharajah's private secretary), Abdul Haq (Ackerley's exasperating [[Hindi]] tutor), Narayan<ref>Madaheo Nayak</ref> (Clerk of the Maharajah's Guest House), Sharma<ref>Parker identifies 'Sharma' with the mononym Rāghunāndi.</ref> (the Maharajah's valet, and the apple of Ackerley's eye throughout the book), Hashim (waiter at the Guest House) and finally Habib, described as being "about twelve", Ackerley's miraculously over-zealous servant. Throughout the novel, and in common with the time, Ackerley refers to [[Muslims]] such as Abdul and Hashim as "Mohammedans".

Although a comic memoir, ''Hindoo Holiday'' is, certainly in terms of humour, comparatively free of what would be now termed [[racial profiling]], even making allowances for the time of its writing. There is only one use of [[eye dialect]] (''avay'' is used on a couple of occasions for "away"); instead, much of the comedy stems from Ackerley's struggles to come to terms with the complexities of [[Hinduism]] and the [[caste system]], and most significantly from the [[comic timing]] of the dialogue. At no point are any Indians held up to ridicule; indeed Ackerley tends to reserve this for the pompous and often absurd Europeans who drift through the narrative - two cases in point being the preposterous Mrs Bristow, whose contrary, vacuous small-talk leaves Ackerley dumbfounded,<ref>(1932), p. 107</ref> and the architect Mr Bramble, who is engaged to construct a 'Greek Temple' for the Europhile Maharajah. Most of the Europeans emerge as comparatively one-dimensional, in contrast to the complex depictions of the Maharajah, with his profligate life and his homosexual attractions, or of the persona of Abdul, whose relentless pursuit of Ackerley for his own personal gain is more than counterbalanced by the stark poverty of his existence. In a passage written with not a hint of pathos, Abdul's meagre home life is described in vivid detail, before the narrative returns to an extensive series of interactions where Abdul attempts to extract money or influence (or both) from the hapless Ackerley.<ref>A case could possibly be built that Ackerley indulges in what [[Edward Said]] coined as ''[[orientalism]]'', but even here, the narrative does not pass judgement, it merely records what Ackerley hears and witnesses, in all its — to Western sensibilities — oddness. Ackerley also deliberately presents almost all of the Europeans as just as odd in their own way.</ref>

==Notes and references==
<references/>

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1932 books]]
[[Category:British autobiographies]]
[[Category:English-language non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Books about India]]
[[Category:1920s in India]]
[[Category:1930s LGBTQ novels]]

The Inscrutable Americans (film)

2026-03-26T18:13:25Z

PrakashBar: Stub.

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name =
| image = The Inscrutable Americans (film).jpg
| alt =
| caption = Official poster
| native_name = 
| director = [[Chandra Siddhartha]]
| writer =
| screenplay =
| story =
| based_on = {{Based on|''[[The Inscrutable Americans]]''|[[Anurag Mathur]]}}
| producer = Dr. Srihari Indira Malempatti
| starring = Rajiv Punja Eron Otcasek
| narrator =
| cinematography = Rajendraprasad Chittabathini
| editing =
| music =
| studio = Tricolour Communications
| distributor = 
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2001}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = English
| budget = ₹1 crore<ref name="India Today">{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/your-week/story/20010129-director-chandra-siddartha-to-debut-with-anurag-mathurs-bestseller-the-inscrutable-americans-775833-2001-01-29|title=Director Chandra Siddartha to debut with Anurag Mathur's bestseller 'The Inscrutable Americans'|date=29 January 2001|work=[[India Today]]|first=Methil|last=Renuka|access-date=2022-09-13|archive-date=2022-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913030619/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/your-week/story/20010129-director-chandra-siddartha-to-debut-with-anurag-mathurs-bestseller-the-inscrutable-americans-775833-2001-01-29|url-status=live}}</ref>
| gross =
}}

'''''The Inscrutable Americans''''' is a 2001 Indian English-language [[comedy drama]] film directed by [[Chandra Siddhartha]] and starring Rajeev Punja and Eron Otcasek.

== Cast ==
*Rajiv Punja as Gopal
*Eron Otcasek as Randy
*Jai Menon as Bhushan a.k.a. Bush
*Jana Williams as Sue
*Stacci Cobb as Gloria

== Production ==
The film was shot at [[Mount Holyoke College]] and [[University of Hartford]]. The film was produced by Malemapati [[Srihari]] and Indira, who both worked as producers for ''[[Padamati Sandhya Ragam]]'' (1986). The film was almost entirely shot in the United States. The film was shot for two days in [[Hyderabad]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/your-week/story/20000619-the-inscrutable-americans-an-us-centric-film-about-indians-779005-2000-06-19|title=The Inscrutable Americans: An US-centric film about Indians|last=Menon|first=Amarnath K.|work=[[India Today]]|date=19 June 2000|access-date=2022-09-13|archive-date=2022-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913030618/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/your-week/story/20000619-the-inscrutable-americans-an-us-centric-film-about-indians-779005-2000-06-19|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Reception ==
Ruchi Sharma of ''[[Rediff.com]]'' opined that "But as small-budget films go, The Inscrutable Americans is a marvellous attempt. The performances are tremendous, the dialogue truly crackles with wit and an earthy, though ribald, humour".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2001/jan/12amer.htm|title=Laugh, Inc.|last=Sharma|first=Ruchi|date=12 January 2001|work=[[Rediff.com]]|access-date=13 September 2022|archive-date=13 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913030635/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2001/jan/12amer.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Dhiraj Singh of ''[[Outlook India]]'' gave the film a rating of one out of five stars and said that "Laugh if you must but remember the joke's, ultimately, on you".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/the-inscrutable-americans/210803|title=The Inscrutable Americans|first=Dhiraj|last=Singh|work=[[Outlook India]]|access-date=2022-09-13|archive-date=2022-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913030636/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/the-inscrutable-americans/210803|url-status=live}}</ref> Arati Koppar from ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave the film a rating of two out of five and wrote that "rajiv punja is decent as gopal, but eron otcasek steals the show with his act as randy. he's smart, funny, witty, and very, very likeable. watch the film for him, if you will. but, take our advice. stick to the book".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/hollywood/the-inscrutable-americans-/b-/articleshow/1849642578.cms|title=The Inscrutable Americans|work=[[The Times of India]]|last=Koppar|first=Arati|access-date=2022-09-13|archive-date=2022-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913031211/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/hollywood/the-inscrutable-americans-/b-/articleshow/1849642578.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> Avishek Gupta of ''Full Hyderabad'' stated that "The leads thoroughly live their roles, but of the rest of the characters, the lesser spoken, the better. May yet prove to be an entertaining watch, but those who've already read the book had better stay away".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://movies.fullhyderabad.com/the-inscrutable-americans/english/the-inscrutable-americans-movie-reviews-230-2.html|title=The Inscrutable Americans Review|work=Full Hyderabad|last=Gupta|first=Avishek|access-date=2022-09-13|archive-date=2022-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913030635/https://movies.fullhyderabad.com/the-inscrutable-americans/english/the-inscrutable-americans-movie-reviews-230-2.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|tt2177044}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Inscrutable Americans (film), The}}
[[Category:English-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Films about Indian Americans]]
[[Category:Films based on Indian novels]]
[[Category:Films shot in Hyderabad, Sindh]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]

Guru Somasundaram

2026-03-26T06:12:22Z

PrakashBar: add references further after review

{{short description|Indian actor}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Guru Somasundaram
| image = Guru Somasundaram Image.jpg
| caption = Somasundaram during a [[photoshoot]]
| birth_date = {{birthdate and age|1975|9|3}}
| birth_place = [[Madurai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India
| alma_mater = Government Polytechnic College, [[Tamil Nadu]]
| spouse =
| years_active = 2011–present
| occupation = Actor
}}

'''Guru Somasundaram''' is an Indian actor who works in the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Malayalam]] film industries. He made his debut in ''[[Aaranya Kaandam]]'' (2011) winning critical acclaim for his role, before also appearing in the Tamil action film ''[[Pandiya Naadu]]'' (2013), ''[[Jigarthanda (2014 film)|Jigarthanda]]'' (2014) and ''[[Joker (2016 film)|Joker]]'' (2016). He rose to fame for playing the role of Shibu, a super villain in the 2021 [[Netflix]] Malayalam film, ''[[Minnal Murali]]''.

==Early life==
Guru Somasundaram was born on 3 September 1975. He joined the prominent Tamil theatre group in [[Koothu-P-Pattarai]], where he acted in plays from 2002 till 2011. In 2003, director [[Thiagarajan Kumararaja]] saw him, while he was playing the role of Chandrahari in Koothu-P-Pattarai's play. Thiagarajan offered him an opportunity to feature in his future film.

==Career==
In 2008, Thiagrajan offered Somasundram a role in his neo-noir film ''[[Aaranya Kaandam]]'', as the drunkard Kaalaiyan. Somasundaram lost seven kilograms and underwent training for the movie. Upon release in 2011, the film went on to win two [[National Film Awards]], while Somasundaram's performance was well received by critics.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bhavanishankar|first=Jyothsna|title=GURU SOMASUNDARAM INTERVIEW|url=http://behindwoods.com/new-videos/videos-q1-09/actor-actress-interview/guru-somasundaram.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126081714/https://www.behindwoods.com/new-videos/videos-q1-09/actor-actress-interview/guru-somasundaram.html|archive-date=2012-11-26|website=Behindwoods.com|accessdate=11 October 2014}}</ref> Rediff.com's critic praised the ensemble cast but added "the honours undoubtedly go to Guru Somasundaram. His gleeful cackles at the rooster fight, pathetic rumblings to his son and wide-eyed act in the Lodge are wonderful to behold."<ref>{{cite web|last=Srinivasan|first=Pavithra|date=10 June 2011|title=Review: Aaranya Kaandam bypasses gangster cliches|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/south-review-aaranya-kaandam/20110610.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612231713/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/south-review-aaranya-kaandam/20110610.htm|archive-date=2011-06-12|work=Rediff|accessdate=11 October 2014}}</ref> Similarly Behindwoods.com noted that the actor had delivered a "superior" performance.<ref>{{cite web|title=AARANYA KAANDAM MOVIE REVIEW|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-reviews/reviews-2/jun-11-02/aaranya-kaandam-review.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613091132/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-reviews/reviews-2/jun-11-02/aaranya-kaandam-review.html|archive-date=2011-06-13|website=Behindwoods|accessdate=11 October 2014}}</ref> After seeing his performance, director [[Mani Ratnam]] signed him on to play a small role in ''[[Kadal (2013 film)|Kadal]]'' (2013).

After leaving Koothu-P-Pattarai, he toured as a freelance theatre actor, before venturing into Malayalam cinema by portraying a photographer in ''[[5 Sundarikal]]'' (2013), after being impressed by [[Shyju Khalid|Shyju Khaled]]'s narration.<ref>{{cite web|last=Krishna|first=Gayathri|date=2013-06-10|title=In pursuit of recognition|url=http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/130610/entertainment-mollywood/article/pursuit-recognition|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015195703/http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/130610/entertainment-mollywood/article/pursuit-recognition|archive-date=15 October 2014|access-date=11 October 2014|website=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}</ref> Later that year, he was seen in a character role in [[Suseenthiran]]'s critically acclaimed ''[[Pandiya Naadu]]'', portraying the slain brother of [[Vishal (actor)|Vishal]]'s character. In between feature films, he appeared in the short silent film ''The Lost Paradise'', portraying a prisoner heading home after fifteen years. He also won acclaim for his performance as an acting coach in [[Karthik Subbaraj]]'s gangster film ''[[Jigarthanda (2014 film)|Jigarthanda]]'' (2014), where he was seen giving acting training to the character portrayed by [[Bobby Simha]]. Somasundaram had previously trained Simha as an actor in real life during the pair's theatre performances.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Srinivasan|first=Sudhir|date=2014-09-21|title=Training Day|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/training-day/article6430417.ece|access-date=2022-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705212248/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/training-day/article6430417.ece|archive-date=2020-07-05|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He is also known for his role as a district collector in the 2019 Tamil film ''[[Petta (film)|Petta]]'' which starred [[Rajinikanth]] in the lead role.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/petta-cast-and-crew-talk-about-superstar-rajinikanth-5551551/|title='Rajinikanth's enthusiasm and dedication are beyond his age'|date=23 January 2019|access-date=19 June 2022|archive-date=19 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619082428/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/petta-cast-and-crew-talk-about-superstar-rajinikanth-5551551/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Filmography==
===Films===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Language !! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2011 || ''[[Aaranya Kaandam]]'' || Kaalaiyan || rowspan="2" | Tamil||
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2013 || ''[[Kadal (2013 film)|Kadal]]'' || Kovil Kutty ||
|-
| ''[[5 Sundarikal]]'' || Photographer || Malayalam ||
|-
| ''[[Pandiya Naadu]]'' || Nagaraj || rowspan="4" | Tamil||
|-
| 2014 || ''[[Jigarthanda (2014 film)|Jigarthanda]]'' || Muthu ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2015 || ''[[49-O (film)|49-O]]'' || Aarumugam ||
|-
| ''[[Bench Talkies - The First Bench]]'' || David ||
|-
| ''[[Thoongaa Vanam]]'' || rowspan="2" | Duraipandian || Tamil||Rowspan=2|Bilingual movie
|-
| ''Cheekati Rajyam'' || Telugu
|-
| ''[[Kohinoor (2015 film)|Kohinoor]]'' || Naayakkar || Malayalam ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2016 || ''[[Joker (2016 film)|Joker]]'' || Mannar Mannan || rowspan="11" | Tamil||
|-
| ''[[Kuttrame Thandanai]]'' || Balan ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2017 || ''[[Yaakkai]]'' || Sriram ||
|-
| ''[[Paambhu Sattai]]'' || Rajendran ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2018 || ''[[Odu Raja Odu]]'' || Manohar ||
|-
| ''[[Vanjagar Ulagam]]'' || Sampath ||
|-
| 2019 || ''[[Petta (film)|Petta]]'' || District collector ||
|-
| rowspan=5 | 2021 || ''[[Maara]]'' || Chokku ||
|-
| ''[[Manja Satta Pacha Satta]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Jai Bhim (film)|Jai Bhim]]'' || Public Prosecutor (PP) Chellapandiyan ||
|-
| ''[[Ikk (film)|Ikk]]'' || Gnana Prakasam ||
|-
| ''[[Minnal Murali]]'' || Shibu || Malayalam ||
|-
| rowspan=4 | 2022 || ''[[Maamanithan (film)|Maamanithan]]'' || Vappa Bhai || rowspan="2" | Tamil ||
|-
| ''[[Agent Kannayiram]]'' || Kannayiram's father ||
|-
| ''Haya'' || Nandagopan || rowspan="3" | Malayalam || <ref>{{Cite news|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/haya-trailer-guru-somasundaram-starrer-promises-to-be-a-thrilling-campus-entertainer/articleshow/95421114.cms |title= 'Haya' trailer: Guru Somasundaram starrer promises to be a thriller|website=Times Of India}}</ref>
|-
| ''Naalam Mura'' || Jayesh ||
|-
| rowspan=7| 2023 || ''[[Pakalum Paathiravum]]'' || Janakiraman ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kunchako Boban, Rajisha Vijayan's Pakalum Paathiravum to hit screens on this date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/feb/13/kunchako-boban-rajisha-vijayan-starrer-pakalum-paathiravum-to-hit-screens-on-this-date-39944.html |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=13 February 2023 |language=en |archive-date=26 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226001710/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/feb/13/kunchako-boban-rajisha-vijayan-starrer-pakalum-paathiravum-to-hit-screens-on-this-date-39944.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Yaathisai]]'' || Priest || Tamil ||<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-01 |title=Guru Somasundaram plays priest in period film |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/guru-somasundaram-plays-priest-in-period-film/articleshow/99164515.cms |access-date=2023-05-06 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=8 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408125554/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/guru-somasundaram-plays-priest-in-period-film/articleshow/99164515.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Charles Enterprises]]'' || Gomathi's husband || rowspan="2" | Malayalam ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Charles Enterprises gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/apr/10/charles-enterprises-gets-a-release-date-42123.html |access-date=2023-04-16 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=10 April 2023 |language=en |archive-date=16 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416235510/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/apr/10/charles-enterprises-gets-a-release-date-42123.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Neeraja]]'' || Psychologist ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=New song from Shruti Ramachandran's Neeraja out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/may/10/new-song-from-shruti-ramachandrans-neeraja-out-43271.html |access-date=2023-05-11 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=10 May 2023 |language=en |archive-date=11 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511205530/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/may/10/new-song-from-shruti-ramachandrans-neeraja-out-43271.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Bell (2023 film)|Bell]]'' || Brahma || Tamil ||
|-
| ''[[Rani: The Real Story]]'' || Dharmajan || Malayalam ||
|-
| ''[[Spark Life]]'' || Dr. Rudra || Telugu ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vikranth Reddy-starrer Telugu Film Spark: LIFE Fails To Impress Audience |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/vikranth-reddy-starrer-telugu-film-spark-life-fails-to-impress-audience-8667199.html |access-date=2025-06-09 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=5 | 2024 || ''[[Bayamariya Brammai]]'' || Jagadish || Tamil ||
|-
| ''[[Indian 2]]'' || Common Man (Animated character) [In body suit] || Tamil ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2023-10-29 |title=Indian 2 makers to drop glimpse soon |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2023/Oct/29/indian-2-makers-to-drop-glimpse-soon-49050.html |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Cup (2024 Malayalam film)|Cup]]'' || Babu || rowspan="3" | Malayalam ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first= |date=2024-09-04 |title=Mathew Thomas-Basil Joseph starrer Cup confirms release |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2024/Sep/04/mathew-thomas-basil-joseph-starrer-cup-confirms-release |access-date=2024-09-04 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Barroz 3D|Barroz 3D – Guardian of D'Gama's Treasure]]'' || S. P. Subramanyam ||<ref>{{Cite news |title=Mohanlal's 'Barroz' planning to release on THIS date! Read more |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/mohanlals-barroz-planning-to-release-on-this-date-read-more/articleshow/98424400.cms |access-date=2023-03-20 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=20 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320193459/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/mohanlals-barroz-planning-to-release-on-this-date-read-more/articleshow/98424400.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Her (2024 film)|Her]]'' || Auto driver|| Anthology film<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-26 |title=Her first-look poster out: Parvathy, Aishwarya Rajesh, Oorvasi, Remya Nambessan headline Lijin Jose's film |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/her-first-look-poster-parvathy-aishwarya-rajesh-oorvasi-remya-nambessan-lijin-jose-film-8291376/ |access-date=2023-04-04 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=4 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404174743/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/her-first-look-poster-parvathy-aishwarya-rajesh-oorvasi-remya-nambessan-lijin-jose-film-8291376/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |2025 || ''[[Kudumbasthan]]'' || Rajendran || rowspan="2" | Tamil || <ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-18 |title=Manikandan's fam-com will focus on adventures in people's everyday life |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/manikandans-fam-com-will-focus-on-adventures-in-peoples-everyday-life/articleshow/106087490.cms |website=[[Times of India]] |access-date=2024-09-27 |archive-date=2023-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218131719/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/manikandans-fam-com-will-focus-on-adventures-in-peoples-everyday-life/articleshow/106087490.cms |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Bottle Radha]]'' || Radha ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=2024-06-25 |title=Guru Somasundaram to headline 'Bottle Radha' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2024/Jun/25/guru-somasundaram-to-headline-bottle-radha-3 |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Maranamass]]'' || Tattoo artist||Malayalam ||Cameo<ref>{{Cite news |title=L2: Empuraan writer Murali Gopy reacts to Basil Joseph-starrer Maranamass: ‘A genre mix like this is a brave attempt'|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/l2-empuraan-writer-murali-gopy-reacts-to-basil-joseph-starrer-maranamass-a-genre-mix-like-this-is-a-brave-attempt/articleshow/120493445.cms|website=The Times of India
|access-date=2025-05-16 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2026 || ''[[Parasakthi (2026 film)|Parasakthi]]'' || [[M. Karunanidhi]] || rowspan="2" | Tamil ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=Cinema Express |date=2026-01-12 |title=Sudha Kongara on working with Sivakarthikeyan: 'He is the cornerstone of Parasakthi…' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2026/Jan/12/tamilnews2026jan09sudha-kongara-on-working-with-sivakarthikeyan-he-is-the-cornerstone-of-parasakthi |access-date=2026-01-15 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[My Lord (film)|My Lord]]'' || Kathirvelan ||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-02-14 |title=Suriya meets My Lord team, appreciates film |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2026/Feb/14/suriya-meets-my-lord-team-appreciates-film |access-date=2026-02-15 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-




|}

===Short films===
* ''Oru Poi'' (2016)<ref>{{Cite news|last=M|first=Ramakrishnan|date=2017-04-19|title='Joker deserved the National Award'|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/joker-deserved-the-national-award/article18138308.ece|access-date=2022-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320035015/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/joker-deserved-the-national-award/article18138308.ece|archive-date=2020-03-20|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

*''Irudhi Aram'' (2017)

===Web series===
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Language
!Platform
!Notes
|-
|2020
|''Topless''
|Kalki (Politician)
| rowspan="3" |Tamil
|[[List of ZEE5 original web series|ZEE5]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|last=Krishnakumar|first=Ranjani|date=2020-02-20|title=Tamil web series Topless takes a story about women, honour and makes it about the absurdities of men|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/tamil-web-series-topless-takes-a-story-about-women-honour-and-makes-it-about-the-absurdities-of-men-8056811.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220192223/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/tamil-web-series-topless-takes-a-story-about-women-honour-and-makes-it-about-the-absurdities-of-men-8056811.html|archive-date=2020-02-20|access-date=2021-07-14|website=Firstpost}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2022
|''Meme Boys''
|College Deen
| rowspan="2" |[[SonyLIV]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=கார்த்தி |title=MEME BOYS விமர்சனம்: ஒரு மீமுக்கு அக்கப்போரா - எப்படியிருக்கிறது காலேஜ் கலாட்டா நிறைந்த வெப்சீரிஸ்? |url=https://cinema.vikatan.com/web-series/meme-boys-is-a-fun-filled-tamil-web-series |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=[[Ananda Vikatan|Vikatan]] |date=25 July 2022 |language=ta |archive-date=26 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726124230/https://cinema.vikatan.com/web-series/meme-boys-is-a-fun-filled-tamil-web-series |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|''[[Victim (web series)|Victim]]''
|Guna
|
|}

== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Award
!Category
!Film
!Language
!Result
!Ref
|-
| 2017
| Behindwoods Gold Medal
| Best Actor Male
| ''[[Joker (2016 film)|Joker]]''
| Tamil
| {{Won}}
|rowspan="1" |<ref>{{cite web|date=2017-06-13|title=BEHINDWOODS GOLD MEDALS 2017: FULL WINNERS LIST|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/complete-list-of-award-winners-in-behindwoods-gold-medals-2017.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170617021224/https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/complete-list-of-award-winners-in-behindwoods-gold-medals-2017.html|archive-date=2017-06-17|website=Behindwoods}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |2022
| [[10th South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| Best Actor in a Negative Role
| rowspan=3|''[[Minnal Murali]]''
|rowspan="3"|Malayalam
| {{Won}}
|
|-
| Mazhavil Entertainment Awards
| Best Actor in a Villain Role
| {{Won}}
|
|-
|OTT Play Awards
|Breakthrough Performance of the Year
| {{Won}}
|
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
Basil Joseph - Guru Somasundaram to star in Namitha Pramod's upcoming film ‘KAPP’
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/basil-joseph-guru-somasundaram-to-star-in-namitha-pramods-upcoming-film-kapp/articleshow/89296131.cms

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|nm5626435}}
* {{Facebook|GuruSomasundaram}}
*[https://www.moviebuff.com/guru-somasundaram Guru Somasundaram] on Moviebuff

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Somasundaram, Guru}}
[[Category:Male actors from Madurai]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Tamil male actors]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Male actors in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Male actors in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Tamil comedians]]
[[Category:Indian male comedians]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:1975 births]]

Shah (surname)

2026-03-25T18:56:23Z

PrakashBar: minor edit

{{Disputed|date=November 2018}}
Shah is a popular surname in [[India]], [[Nepal]], [[Bangladesh]], and [[Pakistan]].<ref>Kumar, R. (2006). Costumes and textiles of royal India. {{ISBN|1851495096}}</ref> '''[[Shah]]''' ({{IPAc-en|ʃ|ɑː}}; {{langx|fa|شاه|Šāh}}, pronounced {{IPA|fa|ʃɒːh|}}, 'king') is a title given to the emperors, kings, princes and lords of [[Iran]] (historically known as [[Name of Iran|Persia]] in [[Western world|the West]]).<ref name="yarshater1">Yarshater, Ehsan [http://www.iran-heritage.org/interestgroups/language-article5.htm Persia or Iran, Persian or Farsi] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101024033230/http://www.iran-heritage.org/interestgroups/language-article5.htm |date=2010-10-24 }}, ''Iranian Studies'', vol. XXII no. 1 (1989)</ref>

== History ==
In the [[Gujarat]] and [[Rajasthan]] region, the name "Shah", "Sha", or "Sah" may be derived from [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] ''sah'' meaning "merchant"<ref name="oxford">{{cite book |editor1-last=Parkin |editor1-first=Harry |title=Concise Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780191939877 |edition=2021}}</ref> (from [[Sanskrit]] ''sadhu'' meaning "honest, good")<ref name="oxford"/> and [[Prakrit]] ''Sahu''{{fact|date=July 2022}}, while the actual spelling "Shah" was popularized by the [[Persian Language|Persian]] word for King. As a result, especially in Western culture, use of the spelling "Shah" has become far more pronounced than the other variants.<ref>{{cite web | title =Shah Name Meaning and History | publisher =Ancestry.com | url =http://www.ancestry.com/facts/shah-name-meaning.ashx | accessdate =2010-12-28 }}</ref> The word ''[[Sadhu]]/Sahu'' is also separately used to indicate a holy man, such as a [[Jain]] [[monk]] (see [[Namokar Mantra]]). The Indian surnames "Shah" and "Sahu" are variants of one another which have evolved from the word "sah" over time{{fact|date=July 2022}}.
Another variant is [[Sheth]].{{citation needed|date=November 2019}}

One early use of the title Sadhu occurs in an inscription on an AD 850 [[Pārśvanātha]] image in the [[Akota Bronzes]].<ref>Akota Bronzes, Umakant P.Shah, 1959, p. 52-53</ref>

In numerous 12th–13th century inscriptions the [[shravaka]] who installed the image is given the title "Sahu".<ref>Kasturchand Jain Suman, Bharatiya Digambar Jain Abhilekh aur Tirth Parichay, Madhya-Pradesh: 13 vi shati tak, Delhi, 2001</ref>
{{quote box|align=right|width=22em
|quote = सं १५१० वर्षे माघ सुदी ८ सोमे [[Gwalior Fort|गोपाचल दुर्गे]] तोमर वंशान्वये राजा श्री डूंगरेन्द्र देव राज्य पवित्रमाने श्री [[Kashtha Sangh|काष्ठासंघ]] माथुरान्वये भट्टारक श्री गुणकीर्ति देवास्तत्पट्टे श्री मलयकीर्ति देवास्ततो भट्टारक गुणभद्रदेव पंडितवर्य [[Raighu|रइघू]] तदाम्नाये [[Agrawal|अग्रोतवंशे]] वासिलगोत्रे सकेलहा भार्या [[Newar people|निवारी]] तयोः पुत्र विजयष्ट शाह ... साधु श्री माल्हा पुत्र संघातिपति देउताय पुत्र संघातिपति करमसीह श्री चन्द्रप्रभु जिनबिंब महाकाय प्रतिष्ठापित प्रणमति ..शुभम् भवतु ..
|source = A [[Gwalior Fort]] [[Inscription]] 1453<ref>[http://www.webdunia.com/dharm/jain/gopachal/19_gopachal9.htm Gopachal ke Jinamandir] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015035748/http://www.webdunia.com/dharm/jain/gopachal/19_gopachal9.htm |date=October 15, 2007 }} </ref>
}}
For example:
* A 12th century Jain altarpiece in [[Los Angeles County Museum of Art]] mentions [[Grahapati]] Sadhu Kundha<ref>Indian Sculpture: 700-1800, Volume 2 of Indian Sculpture: A Catalogue of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art Collection, Pratapaditya Pal, University of California Press, 1988, p. 306</ref>
* [[Vibudh Shridhar]] mentions his patron [[Nattal Sahu]], a 12th-century merchant prince in [[Delhi]].
* From [[Gwalior]]: Here both Sah and Sadhu have been used in the 1510 inscription.
* From Ahar, [[Madhya Pradesh]]: " Samvat 1210 vaishakha sudi 13 grahpatyanvayae sahu shrisadhu bharya mana tayoh .. ete paNamanti nityam."

Here the word Sahu is equivalent to the Sanskrit word "sadhu". Some inscriptions use "sadhu" itself :

* From [[Bahuriband]] (Katni, MP): "Svasti shri samvat 1070 phalgunavadi ...
madhavannandinugrahitah sadhu-shri sarvadharah .."{{citation needed|date=April 2017}}

The word Sadhu here does not mean a monk but a "gentleman". Some inscriptions abbreviate sahu by just "sa" just like the abbreviation in English, "Mr."{{citation needed|date=April 2017}}
In some business communities, genealogies are recited during marriages, where all ancestors would be respectfully called "sahu".
The term "sahukari" means the profession of banking/trading, and is derived from Sahu (Sanskrit "Sadhu") and kar (Sanskrit for doer).<ref>[[John Shakespear]]. [http://dsalsrv02.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/search3advanced?dbname=shakespear&query=sahukar&matchtype=exact&display=utf8 A dictionary, Hindustani and English]{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}, 1834, p.1035</ref>
In the [[Bundelkhand]] Jain community, the father-in-law (or son's/daughter's father-in-law) used to be called "sahaji". Thus the words "Shah" etc. all indicate a respected member of the mercantile community.
Today it is used by Gujarati business communities.{{citation needed|date=April 2017}}

==People with the surname==
* [[Asif Shah]], Nepalese TV presenter, director, producer, actor, singer, and rapper.
* [[Shah Abdul Karim]], Bangladeshi Baul
* [[Amin Shah]], Indian politician
* [[Amina Shah]] (1918–2014), anthologiser of Sufi stories and folk tales
* [[Amina Shah (librarian)]], Scottish librarian
* [[Amit Shah]], Indian politician
* [[Amna Shah]], Canadian politician
* [[Arvind Victor Shah]], (born 1940), Swiss engineer, educator and scientist
* [[Ashiesh Shah]], Indian architect and designer
* [[Bahadur Shah of Nepal]], Nepalese states unifier and Prince Regent
* [[Balen Shah|Balendra Shah]], Nepalese rapper, structural engineer, and politician
* [[Birendra Bir Bikram Shah]], Nepalese monarch from the house of Shah dynasty
* [[Brandon Shah]] (died 2026), American army aviator
* [[Bulleh Shah]] (c.1680–c.1758), Punjabi Sufi poet
* [[Daisy Shah]], Indian Actress
* [[Eddy Shah]], British businessman and writer
* [[Ema Shah]] (born 1981), Kuwaiti singer, composer, and director
* [[Ema Shah|Ethan Shah]] (born 2005), Local Ajax resident, basketball player, and philanthropist
* [[Fahmida Shah]] (born 1966), British Asian silk painter
* [[Farah Shah]], Pakistani actress and host
* [[Fatima Shah]] (1914-2002), Pakistani physician and disability activist
* [[Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah]], Nepali former King
* [[Harmonica Shah]] (born 1946), American blues harmonicist and singer
* [[Hetul Shah]] (born 1999), Indian chess player
* [[Jawahar Shah]] (born 1955), Indian homeopath
* [[Jay Shah]], Indian politician and BCCI official
* [[Jen Shah]] (born 1973), American television personality
* [[Jigar Shah]] (born 1974), Indian businessman
* [[Kiran Shah]] (born 1956), Kenyan-born actor and stuntman
* [[Khushdil Shah]], Pakistani cricketer
* [[Komal Shah (disambiguation)]]
** [[Komal Shah (art collector)]], art collector, philanthropist, computer engineer, and businessperson in Silicon Valley
* [[K. J. Shah]], Indian philosopher.
* [[Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah]], Nepalese nationalist monarch
* [[Nagambal Shah]], Indian-American mathematician and statistician
* [[Naseem Shah (cricketer)|Naseem Shah]], Pakistani cricketer
* [[Naseeruddin Shah]], Indian actor
* [[Naz Shah]] (born (1973), British Labour Party politician
* [[Neel Shah]], American physician
* [[Neer Shah]], Nepalese actor, musician, and filmmaker
* [[Nirav D. Shah]], American epidemiologist, economist and attorney
* [[Owais Shah]], English cricketer
* [[Paul Shah]], Nepalese model and actor.
* [[Pooja Shah]] (born 1979), British Asian actress
* [[Prithivi Narayan Shah]], Nepalese monarch from the house of Shah dynasty
* [[Rahil Shah]], Indian cricketer
* [[Raj Shah]], American politician
* [[Rajendra Keshavlal Shah]] (1913-2010), lyrical poet who wrote in Gujarati
* [[Raline Shah]] (born 1985), Indonesian actress
* [[Rajiv Shah]] (born 1973), administrator of the United States Agency for International Development
* [[Ratna Pathak Shah]], Indian actress
* [[Ravindu Shah]] (born 1972), Kenyan cricketer
* [[Ray Shah]] (born 1978), contestant on the fourth series of the British Big Brother
* [[Rina Shah]], American political strategist
* [[Rishi Shah]] (born 1985/86), American billionaire, founder of Outcome Health
* [[Roger Shah]], German electronic music producer
* [[Safia Shah]], author
* [[Saira Shah]], English author, reporter and documentary filmmaker
* [[Saleem Shah]], Indian-American psychologist
* [[Salman Shah (economist)]], Pakistani economist
* [[Salman Shah (actor)]], Bangladeshi actor
* [[Samir Shah]], British television and radio executive, who serves as Chair of the BBC
* [[Sanjay Shah]], Dubai-based businessman
* [[Satish Shah]], Indian film and television actor
* [[Syed Muhammad Asghar Shah]] (1949–2025), Pakistani politician
* [[Tejal Shah]] (born 1979), Indian visual artist, curator
* [[Ushna Shah]], Pakistani actress
* [[Yasir Shah]], Pakistani cricketer

==See also==
* [[Nattal Sahu]]
* [[Singhai]]
* [[Sheth]]
*[[Saha (surname)]]
*[[Shah]]
*[[King (surname)]], the English parallel

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{surname|Shah}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shah (surname)}}
[[Category:Surnames of Indian origin]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language surnames]]
[[Category:Bengali Muslim surnames]]
[[Category: Shah dynasty]]

2016–17 I-League 2nd Division final round

2026-03-21T18:31:25Z

PrakashBar: done

{{main|2016–17 I-League 2nd Division}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox football tournament season
| title = I-League 2nd Division final round
| year = 2016–17
| other_titles =
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| country = India
| dates =
| num_teams = 6
| champions = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| runner-up = [[Southern Samity]]
| third =
| fourth =
| continentalcup1 =
| continentalcup1 qualifiers =
| matches = 29
| goals = 79
| attendance =
| top goal scorer =
| player =
| prevseason = [[2015–16 I-League 2nd Division|2015–16]]
| nextseason = [[2017–18 I-League 2nd Division|2017–18]]
| extra information =
| updated = 28 May 2017
}}

The '''2016–17 I-League 2nd Division final round''' was the final round of [[2016–17 I-League 2nd Division]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://i-league.org/2nd-division-league/delightful-neroca-desperate-to-break-second-division-jinx/|title=Delightful Neroca Desperate To Break Second Division Jinx|website=i-League.org|access-date=28 July 2021}}</ref> Manipur team [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]] won the title and promoted to [[I-League]].

==Teams==
<section begin=map />
{{location map+ |India|width=440
|float=right
|caption=Locations of the 2016–17 I-League teams 2nd Division final round
|alt=Locations of the 2016–17 I-League teams 2nd Division final round
|places=
{{location map~ |India |lat=24.82 |long=93.95 |label= <div style="font-size:100%;position:relative;top:4px;">{{nobreak|[[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]}}</div>|position=bottom}}
{{location map~ |India |lat=17.37 |long=78.48 |label= <div style="font-size:100%;position:relative;top:4px;">{{nobreak|[[Fateh Hyderabad F.C.|Fateh Hyderabad]]}}</div>|position=bottom}}
{{location map~ |India |lat=18.97500 |long=72.82583 |label= <div style="font-size:100%;">[[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]</div>|position=top}}
{{location map~ |India |lat=32.73 |long=74.87 |label= <div style="font-size:100%;position:relative;top:4px;left:-4px;">[[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]</div>|position=left}}
{{location map~ |India |lat=22.56972 |long=88.36972 |label= <div style="font-size:100%;position:relative;top:4px;">{{nobreak|[[Southern Samity]]}}</div>|position=bottom}}
{{Location map~ |India |lat=28.47 |long=77.03 |label=<div style="font-size:100%;">{{nobreak|[[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]}}</div>|position=right}}
}}<section end=map />

===Stadiums and locations===
:''Note: Table lists in alphabetical order.''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Team
! Location
! Stadium
! Capacity
|-
| [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| [[New Delhi]], [[Delhi]]
| [[Ambedkar Stadium]]
| 10,000
|-
| [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C.|Fateh Hyderabad]]
| [[Hyderabad]], [[Telangana]]
| [[Gachibowli Athletic Stadium]]
| 30,000
|-
| [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| [[Mumbai]], [[Maharastra]]
| [[Cooperage Ground]]
| 5,000
|-
| [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| [[Srinagar]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| [[TRC Turf Ground]]
| 15,000
|-
| [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| [[Imphal]], [[Manipur]]
| [[Khuman Lampak Main Stadium]]
| 30,000
|-
| [[Southern Samity]]
| [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]]
| [[Barasat Stadium]]
| 22,000
|}

==Table==
<onlyinclude>{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=WDL
|update=complete
|source=[http://i-league.org/second-division-league/results-fixtures-2nd-division/ I-league]


|team1=NER |team2=SS |team3=DU |team4=FH |team5=LK |team6=KEN


|result1=Q


|win_DU=3 |draw_DU=3 |loss_DU=3 |gf_DU=12 |ga_DU=16 
|win_FH=2 |draw_FH=5 |loss_FH=3 |gf_FH=9 |ga_FH=9 
|win_KEN=1 |draw_KEN=3 |loss_KEN=6 |gf_KEN=11 |ga_KEN=20 
|win_LK=1 |draw_LK=3 |loss_LK=5 |gf_LK=8 |ga_LK=13 
|win_NER=8 |draw_NER=2 |loss_NER=0 |gf_NER=23 |ga_NER=4 
|win_SS=5 |draw_SS=2 |loss_SS=3 |gf_SS=16 |ga_SS=15 


|name_DU=[[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
|name_FH=[[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C.|Fateh Hyderabad]]
|name_KEN=[[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
|name_LK=[[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
|name_NER=[[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
|name_SS=[[Southern Samity]]

|status_NER=C


|show_limit=5


|res_col_header=Q
|col_Q=green1 |text_Q=Promotion to the [[I-League]]

}}</onlyinclude>

==Fixtures and results==
{{football box collapsible
| date = 7 April 2017
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Southern Samity]]
| score = 1–1
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1067_Match_Summary_V1_1491566333.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| goals1 = [[Odafa Onyeka Okolie|Odafa]] {{goal|72}}
| goals2 = Ejiogu Chinedu Emmanuel {{goal|74}}
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| stadium = [[Barasat Stadium]]
| attendance = 200
| referee = Om Prakash Thakur
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 8 April 2017
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C|Fateh Hyderabad ]]
| score = 0–0
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1068_Match_Summary_V1_1491660145.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| location = [[Hyderabad ]]
| stadium = [[Gachibowli Athletic Stadium]]
| attendance = 400
| referee = Rakthim Saha
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 9 April 2017
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| score = 2–2
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1069_Match_Summary_V4_1491742080.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| goals1 = Kouassi Yao {{goal|45+1||61}}
| goals2 = Pawan Kumar {{goal|54}} Zenithgenius Mashangva {{goal|68}}
| location = [[Mumbai]]
| stadium = [[Cooperage Ground]]
| attendance = 75
| referee = Senthilnathan S
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 12 April 2017
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| score = 0–1
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1070_Match_Summary_V1_1492000699.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = [[Felix Chidi Odili|Felix]] {{goal|66}}
| location = [[Mumbai]]
| stadium = [[Cooperage Ground]]
| attendance = 200
| referee = R Palmson Moses Raj
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 12 April 2017
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C|Fateh Hyderabad ]]
| score = 0–1
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1071_Match_Summary_V1_1492002745.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = Stephen Harry Emeneka {{goal|76}}
| location = [[Hyderabad ]]
| stadium = [[Gachibowli Athletic Stadium]]
| attendance = 100
| referee = Vikram Rajkumar
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 13 April 2017
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Southern Samity]]
| score = 1–0
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1072_Match_Summary_V1_1492083814.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| goals1 = Ronald Singh {{goal|58}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| stadium = [[Barasat Stadium]]
| attendance = 200
| referee = Priyobarta Singh Langpoklakpam
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 16 April 2017
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C|Fateh Hyderabad ]]
| score = 0–0
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1073_Match_Summary_V1_1492348715.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| location = [[Hyderabad ]]
| stadium = [[Gachibowli Athletic Stadium]]
| attendance = 500
| referee = Fasil Salahudeen
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 17 April 2017
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Southern Samity]]
| score = 1–0
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1074_Match_Summary_V1_1492430864.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| goals1 = [[Odafa Onyeka Okolie|Odafa]] {{goal|53}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| stadium = [[Barasat Stadium]]
| attendance = 150
| referee = Rabichandra Singh Irengbam
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 18 April 2017
| time = 19:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| score = 1–1
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1075_Match_Summary_V1_1492533296.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| goals1 = [[Sampath Kuttymani ]]{{goal|27}}
| goals2 = Alexandre Tabillon {{goal|11}}
| location = [[Mumbai]]
| stadium = [[Cooperage Ground]]
| attendance = 120
| referee = Umesh Bora
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 21 April 2017
| time = 14:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| score = 5–0
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1076_Match_Summary_V1_1492773972.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| goals1 = [[Subhash Singh]] {{goal|22}} [[Felix Chidi Odili|Felix]] {{goal|31||38}} [[Varney Kallon|Kallon]] {{goal|84}} David Lalbiakzara {{goal|90}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Imphal]]
| stadium = [[Khuman Lampak Main Stadium|Khuman Lampak Stadium]]
| attendance = 4000
| referee = Pratik Mondal
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 22 April 2017
| time = 19:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| score = 2–0
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1077_Match_Summary_V1_1492879722.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Southern Samity]]
| goals1 = Deepak Tirkey {{goal|43}} [[Rohit Mirza]] {{goal|53}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Mumbai]]
| stadium = [[Cooperage Ground]]
| attendance = 100
| referee = Jibon Chandra Gogoi
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 25 April 2017
| time = 11:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| score = 0–1
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1078_Match_Summary_V1_1493128127.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C|Fateh Hyderabad ]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = Luis Santos {{goal|44}}
| location = [[Shrinagar]]
| stadium = TRC Turf Ground
| attendance = 400
| referee = Akash Jackson Routh
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 29 April 2017
| time = 14:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| score = 2–0
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1080_Match_Summary_V1_1493466353.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| goals1 = [[Felix Chidi Odili|Felix]] {{goal|30}} [[Malemngamba Meetei]] {{goal|32}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Imphal]]
| stadium = [[Khuman Lampak Main Stadium|Khuman Lampak Stadium]]
| attendance = 7000
| referee = Pratik Mondal
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 29 April 2017
| time = 17:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C|Fateh Hyderabad ]]
| score = 1–3
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1079_Match_Summary_V1_1493477415.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Southern Samity]]
| goals1 = Jaybrata Dhar {{goal|32}}
| goals2 = [[Odafa Onyeka Okolie|Odafa]] {{goal|20||40}} [[Ashim Biswas (footballer)|Ashim Biswas]] {{goal|50}}
| location = [[Hyderabad ]]
| stadium = [[Gachibowli Athletic Stadium]]
| attendance = 400
| referee = R Palmson Moses Raj
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 30 April 2017
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| score = 1–1
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1081_Match_Summary_V1_1493565887.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| goals1 = [[Mashangva Zenith|Zenith]] {{goal|56}}
| goals2 = Mumtaz Akhtar {{goal|90}}
| location = [[Delhi]]
| stadium = [[Ambedkar Stadium]]
| attendance = 50
| referee = Raktim Saha
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 4 May 2017
| time = 15:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Southern Samity]]
| score = 3–1
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1082_Match_Summary_V1_1493898864.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| goals1 = [[Ogba Kalu Nnanna|Kalu ogba]] {{goal|19}} [[Shylo Malsawmtluanga|Shylo]] {{goal|32}} [[Odafa Onyeka Okolie|Odafa]] {{goal|37}}
| goals2 = [[Sampath Kuttymani|Kuttymani]] {{goal|51}}
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| stadium = [[Barasat Stadium]]
| attendance = 200
| referee = Priyobrata Singh
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 4 May 2017
| time = 12:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| score = 1–1
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1083_Match_Summary_V1_1493902067.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C|Fateh Hyderabad ]]
| goals1 = Don Lepcha {{goal|43}}
| goals2 = [[Saihou Jagne|Jagne]] {{goal|45+3}}
| location = [[Delhi]]
| stadium = [[Ambedkar Stadium]]
| attendance = 200
| referee = Crystal John
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 6 May 2017
| time = 14:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| score = 1–0
| report = [https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1084_Match_Summary_V1_1494073577.pdf Report]
| team2 = [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| goals1 = [[Thangjam Singh|Thangjam]] {{goal|85}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Imphal]]
| stadium = [[Khuman Lampak Main Stadium|Khuman Lampak Stadium]]
| attendance = 7000
| referee = Debashis Mandi
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 9 May 2017
| time = 19:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C|Fateh Hyderabad ]]
| score = 1–0
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1085_Match_Summary_V1_1494420595.pdf
| team2 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| goals1 = [[Saihou Jagne|Jagne]] {{goal|25}}
| goals2 =
| location = [[Hyderabad ]]
| stadium = [[Gachibowli Athletic Stadium]]
| attendance = 500
| referee = Umesh Bora
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 14 May 2017
| time = 14:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| score = 2–1
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1088_Match_Summary_V1_1494764658.pdf
| team2 = [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C|Fateh Hyderabad ]]
| goals1 = [[Thangjam Singh|Thangjam]] {{goal|18}} [[Subhash Singh|Subhash]]{{goal|55}}
| goals2 = [[Abdul Hakku|Hakku]] {{goal|8}}
| location = [[Imphal]]
| stadium = [[Khuman Lampak Main Stadium|Khuman Lampak Stadium]]
| attendance = 11000
| referee = Fasil Salahudeen
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 14 May 2017
| time = 15:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| score = 2–3
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1086_Match_Summary_V1_1494763369.pdf
| team2 = [[Southern Samity]]
| goals1 = Aakif Javaid {{goal|59}} Ifham Tariq Mir {{goal|61}}
| goals2 = [[Odafa Onyeka Okolie|Odafa]] {{goal|65||74}} [[Basanta Singh|Basanta]]{{goal|90+2}}
| location = [[Shrinagar]]
| stadium = TRC Turf Ground
| attendance = 900
| referee = Senthilnathan S
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 17 May 2017
| time = 15:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| score = 3–1
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1090_Match_Summary_V1_1495023912.pdf
| team2 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| goals1 = Arun Nagial {{goal|51}} 
Shahnawaz Bashir {{goal|75}} 
Alexandre Tabillon {{goal|78}}
| goals2 = [[Boubacar Keita|Keita]] {{goal|45}}
| location = [[Shrinagar]]
| stadium = TRC Turf Ground
| attendance = 500
| referee = R Palmson Moses Raj
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 17 May 2017
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| score = 3–2
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1089_Match_Summary_V1_1495027651.pdf
| team2 = [[Southern Samity]]
| goals1 = Stephen Harry {{goal|23||51|pen.}} Hamidullah Nesar Ahmed {{goal|34}}
| goals2 = [[Shylo Malsawmtluanga|Shylo]] {{goal|66}} [[Odafa Onyeka Okolie|Odafa]] {{goal|69}}
| location = [[Delhi]]
| stadium = [[Ambedkar Stadium]]
| attendance = 150
| referee = Parmanand Jagannath Mandrekar
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 19 May 2017
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| score = 0–3
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1087_Match_Summary_V1_1495199631.pdf
| team2 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 = [[Subhash Singh|Subhash]] {{goal|36||56}} [[Pritam Singh (footballer)|Pritham]] {{goal|46}}
| location = [[Delhi]]
| stadium = [[Ambedkar Stadium]]
| attendance = 700
| referee = Om Prakash Thakur
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 22 May 2017
| time = 15:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| score = 1–4
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1091_Match_Summary_V1_1495455001.pdf
| team2 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| goals1 =
* Waris Amin {{goal|77}}
| goals2 =
* [[Felix Chidi Odili|Felix]] {{goal|32||46||55}}
* [[Subhash Singh|Subhash]] {{goal|61}}
| location = [[Shrinagar]]
| stadium = TRC Turf Ground
| attendance = 200
| referee = Umesh Bora
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 22 May 2017
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| score = 4–1
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1092_Match_Summary_V1_1495457077.pdf
| team2 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| goals1 =
* Stephen Harry {{goal|37||52}}
* Hamidullah Nesar Ahmed {{goal|40}}
* [[Ganesh Thakur|G.Thakur]]{{goal|37||59}}
| goals2 =
* [[Rohit Mirza]] {{goal|45+2}}
| location = [[Delhi]]
| stadium = [[Ambedkar Stadium]]
| attendance = 118
| referee = Thanmoy Dhar
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 22 May 2017
| time = 17:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Southern Samity]]
| score = 1–1
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1093_Match_Summary_V1_1495466923.pdf
| team2 = [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C|Fateh Hyderabad ]]
| goals1 = [[Odafa Onyeka Okolie|Odafa]] {{goal|88}}
| goals2 = [[Saihou Jagne|Jagne]] {{goal|21}}
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| stadium = [[Barasat Stadium]]
| attendance = 350
| referee = Ajithkumar Meithei Lairenglakpam
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 28 May 2017
| time = 14:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
| score = 4–1
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1096_Match_Summary_V1_1495971453.pdf
| team2 = [[Southern Samity]]
| goals1 =
* [[Pritam Singh (footballer)|Pritham]] {{goal|25||36}}
* [[Subhash Singh|Subhash]] {{goal|57}}
* [[Felix Chidi Odili|Felix]] {{goal|61}}
| goals2 =
* [[Ashim Biswas (footballer)|A.Biswas]] {{goal|9}}
| location = [[Imphal]]
| stadium = [[Khuman Lampak Main Stadium|Khuman Lampak Stadium]]
| attendance = 12000
| referee = Om Prakash Thakur
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 28 May 2017
| time = 15:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Lonestar Kashmir F.C.|Lonestar Kashmir]]
| score = cancelled
| report =
| team2 = [[Delhi United S.C.|Delhi United]]
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| location = [[Shrinagar]]
| stadium = TRC Turf Ground
| attendance =
| referee =
}}
{{football box collapsible
| date = 28 May 2017
| time = 16:00 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| team1 = [[Kenkre F.C.|Kenkre]]
| score = 3–3
| report = https://administrator.the-aiff.com/reports/1094_Match_Summary_V1_1495976059.pdf
| team2 = [[Fateh Hyderabad A.F.C|Fateh Hyderabad ]]
| goals1 =
* [[Sampath Kuttymani|S.Kuttymani]] {{goal|44}}
* Yogesh Kadam {{goal|58}}
* [[Boubacar Keita|Kieta]] {{goal|90+5}}
| goals2 =
* Bonison Singh {{goal|26}}
* [[Saihou Jagne|Jagne]] {{goal|28}}
* [[Alber Gonsalves|A.Gonsalves]] {{goal|49}}
| location = [[Mumbai]]
| stadium = [[Cooperage Ground]]
| attendance = 100
| referee = Tejas Vishwasrao Nagvenkar
}}

==See also==
* [[2016–17 I-League]]
* [[2016–17 I-League 2nd Division]]
* [[2016–17 I-League U18 Final Round]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.i-league.org Official website]

{{I-League 2nd Division}}
{{2016–17 in Indian football}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2016-17 I-League 2nd Division final round}}
[[Category:I-League 2 final rounds]]
[[Category:2016–17 in Indian football|I-League 2nd Division]]

Samudra Gupta (poet)

2026-03-17T20:33:13Z

PrakashBar: small correct information to improve readability after review

{{Short description|Bangladeshi journalist and poet (1946–2008)}}
{{about|the Bangladeshi journalist and poet|the Gupta Emperor|Samudragupta}}
{{infobox person
|name=Samudra Gupta (poet)
|birth_name=Abdul Mannan
|image=
|caption=
|birth_date={{birth date|1946|6|23|df=y}}
|birth_place = Hashil village, [[Sirajganj District|Sirajganj sub-division]], [[Bengal Presidency]], British India
|death_date={{death date and age|2008|7|19|1946|6|23|df=y}}
|occupation=Poet and journalist
|resting_place=[[Martyred Intellectuals Memorial]]
}}
'''Samudra Gupta''' (born '''Abdul Mannan'''; June 23, 1946 – July 19, 2008) was a Bangladeshi poet and journalist. Gupta was a strong critic of both communalism and [[Islamic fundamentalism]], and expressed his opposition to these ideologies within his writings.<ref name=ds/>

==Early life==
Gupta was born Abdul Mannan on June 23, 1946, in Hashil village in [[Sirajganj District|Sirajganj sub-division]].<ref name=ds>{{cite news |title=Poet Samudra Gupta passes away |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-46554 |work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]] |date=2008-07-20 |access-date=2008-08-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Islam |first=Manu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cPhtAAAAMAAJ&q=Samudra+Gupta+bangladesh |title=Who's who in Bangladesh 2000 |date=2001 |publisher=Centre for Bangladesh Culture |pages=156 |language=en}}</ref> He was the fifth of Mohsin Ali and Rehana Ali's seven sons and one daughter.<ref>{{cite news |script-title=bn:দ্রোহের কবি সমুদ্র গুপ্ত |url=https://dainikazadi.net/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4/ |work=[[Dainik Azadi]] |date=26 January 2024 |language=bn |author1=Pratik }}</ref> He completed his secondary education at [[Dhunat High School]] in Bogra in 1962, and higher secondary at Salimullah College in Dhaka in 1964.<ref name="Hossain2000">{{cite book |editor1-last=Hossain |editor1-first=Selina |editor2-last=Islam |editor2-first=Nurul |editor3-last=Hossain |editor3-first=Mobarak |title=Bangla Academy Dictionary of Writers |year=2000 |publisher=[[Bangla Academy (Bangladesh)|Bangla Academy]] |location=Dhaka |isbn=984-07-4052-0 |page=198-199}}</ref>

== Career ==
Mannan adopted the pseudonym of Samudra Gupta during the 1960s and was recognized by his pen name during his life and career.<ref name="ds" /> He took part in the start of the uprising against Pakistan beginning in 1969 and fought in the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]].<ref name="ds" />

Gupta was originally a journalist by profession.<ref name=ds/> He worked as different [[List of newspapers in Bangladesh|daily and weekly newspapers throughout Bangladesh]].<ref name=ds/> He also served as the general secretary of the Bangladesh National Poetry Council.<ref name=ds/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-07-20 |title=Bangladesh mourns death of poet Samudra Gupta |url=https://twocircles.net/2008jul20/bangladesh_mourns_death_poet_samudra_gupta.html |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=TwoCircles.net |language=en-US}}</ref> He was an advisor of Bengali Language learning programme.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Learning Bengali through English language |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/learning-bengali-through-english-language |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=[[Bdnews24.com]] |language=en}}</ref>

Gupta's first book of poetry, ''Rode Jholshano Mukh'', was published in 1977.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Saiful |first1=Saifuddin |script-title=bn:স্বপ্নবাদী কবি সমুদ্র গুপ্ত |url=https://www.protidinersangbad.com/todays-newspaper/shahitto-shamoiki/177002/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4 |work=Protidiner Sangbad |date=21 June 2019 |language=bn}}</ref> He wrote thirteen books of poetry during his career, as well as one work of fiction and an additional book of poetry as a collaboration with another writer.<ref name=ds/> He also released many articles and short stories and served as the editor of several books.<ref name=ds/>

Gupta's most notable writings include ''Rode Jholshano Mukh'', ''Swapnamongol Kabyo'', ''Ekhono Utthan Achhey'', ''Chokhey Chokh Rekhey'', ''Ekaki Roudrer Dike'' and ''Shekorer Shokey''.<ref name=ds/> His writings have been translated from [[Bengali language|Bengali]] into Chinese, French, [[Sinhala language|Sinhalese]], English, [[Hindi]], Japanese, [[Urdu]], [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]] and [[Nepali language|Nepali]].<ref name=ds/>

== Personal life ==
Gupta was married to Happy Samudra.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2008-08-01 |title=Reminiscence on poet Samudra Gupta |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-48328 |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> They had two daughters, Neel Samudra and Swapno Samudra.<ref name=":0" />

== Death and legacy ==
Gupta died of [[gallbladder cancer]] on July 19, 2008, at the Narayana Hridayalaya Hospital in [[Bangalore]], India.<ref name="ds" /><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mostafa |first1=Golam |last2=Sirajganj |date=2008-06-21 |title=Fundraiser for poet Samudra Gupta in Sirajganj |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-42090 |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> Jatiya Kabita Parishad had organized fund raisers for his treatment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-06-02 |title=Help save life of Samudra Gupta |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-39336 |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> He had been hospitalized in India for treatment since July 3, 2008.<ref name="ds" /> He was buried at [[Martyred Intellectuals Memorial]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-07-22 |title=Poet Samudra Gupta to be buried today |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-46891 |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> The 2009 National Poetry Festival was dedicated to him.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-02-19 |title=Jatiya Kabita Utsab begins |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-76564 |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref>

==Awards==
* [[Lekhak Shibir]] (1977)<ref name="Hossain2000" />
* Jessore Literature Award (1990)<ref name="Hossain2000" />
* Poet Vishnu Dey Award (1995)<ref name="Hossain2000" />
* Humayun Kabir Award
* Language Day Honour by the government of [[Tripura]]<ref name=ds/>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gupta, Samudra}}
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:2008 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Bangladeshi poets]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi short story writers]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi activists]]
[[Category:People of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:Deaths from gallbladder cancer in India]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi male poets]]
[[Category:Burials at Mirpur Martyred Intellectual Graveyard]]
[[Category:20th-century Bangladeshi male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Bangladeshi journalists]]
[[Category:Mukti Bahini personnel]]

Tshering Dorje

2026-03-15T06:06:29Z

PrakashBar: Done

{{Short description|Indian cultural historian}}
{{infobox person
| name = Tshering Dorje
| image = Tshering Dorje.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| other_names =
| birth_date = April 1936
| birth_place = Guskiar village, Lahaul tehsil, Kullu Sub-division, [[Kangra district]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]], British India
| death_date = 13 November 2020 (aged 86)
| death_place = [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh]]
| education = Tholing monastery, Western Tibet Sa-ngag-choling monastery, Central Tibet
| occupation = Cultural historian
| known_for = Expertise on the cultural history of the Buddhist regions of the [[Western Himalayas]] Role in the construction of the [[Atal Tunnel]]
| website =
}}

'''Tshering Dorje''' (April 1936 – November 13, 2020; also spelled '''Tsering Dorje''' and '''Chhering Dorje''') was a cultural historian from [[Himachal Pradesh]], India. He was regarded as an authority on the cultural traditions and histories of the [[Lahaul and Spiti district]] and some neighboring regions. He also played an important role in bringing about the construction of the 9.02 km-long, high-altitude [[Atal Tunnel]].

== Life and career ==
Dorje was born in village Guskiar of Gahar valley, Lahaul, Kullu tehsil, [[Kangra district]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]], [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|British India]] – later a part of the [[Lahaul and Spiti district]], Himachal Pradesh state. His family was [[Tibetan Buddhism|Tibetan Buddhist]] and practiced [[agropastoralism]]. He received his schooling in [[Urdu]] medium at [[Kyelang|Keylong]]. Then, following family tradition, Dorje went to [[Tibet]] to train as a [[Lama]]. He first studied [[Tibetan language (standard)|Tibetan language]] and [[Mahamudra]] at the [[Tholing Monastery|Tholing monastery]] in western Tibet, and then went to the Sa-ngag-choling monastery in central Tibet to receive [[Kagyu]] teachings. However, he had to leave his education unfinished and return to Lahaul following political unrest in Tibet due to [[Chinese occupation of Tibet|Tibet's annexation]] by the [[China|People's Republic of China]]. Following the creation of the Lahaul and Spiti district in 1960, Dorje got a job at the office of the [[Deputy commissioner (India)|Deputy Collector]] of the district at Keylong as a teacher of 'Bhoti' (Tibetan). In his youth, he had a meeting with the Russian Tibetologist [[George Roerich]], which was influential in shaping his scientific and creative pursuits. After many years, Dorje was promoted to the position of Public Relations officer of the district. Following retirement, he divided his time between his native village Guskiar and [[Kullu]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-04-07 |title=Tsering Dorje |url=https://roerichinlahul.info/tshering-dorje/ |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=Roerich In Lahul |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=November 13, 2020 |title=To the Blessed Memory of Tsering Dorje… |url=http://irmtkullu.com/news/to-the-blessed-memory-of-tsering-dorje/ |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=irmtkullu.com}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Gill |first=Manohar Singh |date=November 22, 2020 |title=Manohar Singh Gill remembers Tshering Dorje, his Lahaul-Spiti brother |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/features/manohar-singh-gill-remembers-tshering-dorje-his-lahaul-spiti-brother-174061 |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=Tribuneindia News Service |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Odenheimer |first=Micha |date=October 28, 2004 |title=Unknown Faces of Tibet |language=en |work=Haaretz |url=https://www.haaretz.com/2004-10-28/ty-article/unknown-faces-of-tibet/0000017f-dc26-d3a5-af7f-feae388c0000 |access-date=2023-01-11}}</ref>

Dorje died of [[COVID-19]] on November 13, 2020, at Nerchowk Medical College, [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Thakur |first=Arvind |date=November 13, 2020 |title=एनसाइक्लोपीडिया ऑफ हिमालय के नाम से विख्यात छेरिंग दोरजे का निधन |url=https://www.amarujala.com/shimla/himachal-news-chhering-dorje-passes-away-in-nerchowk-medical-college-mandi |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref>

== Influence ==

=== Research and scholarship ===
Despite his limited formal education, Dorje came to be known for his extensive knowledge of western and Trans-Himalayan regions including [[Ladakh]], Lahaul, [[Spiti]], and [[Kinnaur district|Kinnaur]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Thakur |first=Kesang |date=December 3, 2020 |title=Tshering Dorje – FILMING लाहुल |url=https://www.filminglahaul.com/tshering-dorje/ |access-date=2023-01-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> In Lahaul and Spiti district and neighboring regions, he was widely referred to as an 'encyclopedia of the Himalayas'.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Rajesh |date=November 30, 2020 |title=Cherring Dorje: चेतना की नदी छेरिंग दोर्जे, कुल्लू या लाहुल ही नहीं, संपूर्ण हिमालय से सम्मान पाने वाले शख्‍स थे दोर्जे |url=https://www.jagran.com/himachal-pradesh/kangra-cherring-dorje-river-of-consciousness-he-was-received-honors-from-across-the-himalayas-not-only-kullu-or-lahaul-21115576.html |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref><ref name=":4" /> He was regarded as an expert on Tibetan language; Tibetan Buddhist scriptures; the Buddhist, Bon, and Hindu cultural traditions of the Lahaul and Spiti district; the Buddhist and pre-Buddhist history of Tibet, and the historical and cultural interrelations between the western Himalayas, Tibet, and [[Central Asia]]. Dorje also did some research on the [[Zhang-Zhung language|Zhang Zhung language]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=November 13, 2020 |title=In Memoriam |url=https://roerichinlahul.info/tass/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=Roerich In Lahul |language=en}}</ref> He undertook numerous journeys on foot in the Himalayas.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=November 20, 2021 |title=Tsering Dorje death anniversary एनसाइक्लोपीडिया ऑफ हिमालय की पुण्यतिथि पर ढालपुर में कार्यक्रम आयोजित |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hindi/himachal-pradesh/state/kullu/program-in-kullu-on-the-death-anniversary-of-tsering-dorje/hp20211120171108598 |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=hi}}</ref><ref name=":8" />

Dorje was closely associated with the [http://irmtkullu.com/ International Roerich Memorial Trust] in [[Naggar]] for several decades. 1980 onwards, he collaborated with the Russian [[Indologist]] and Roerich scholar [https://en.icr.su/about/direction/director/ Ludmila Shaposhnikova] over various research interests. In 2006, Dorje founded the Roerich Society of Lahaul. By 2017, he was instrumental in reconstructing the summer study of the famous Russian Orientalist, philosopher, painter, and explorer [[Nicholas Roerich]] in Kyelong (originally built in 1930–32 and destroyed by a snowstorm in 2012).<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Roerich In Lahul |url=https://roerichinlahul.info/ |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=Roerich In Lahul |language=en}}</ref>

Dorje wrote a number of articles in Hindi and Tibetan.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> Over the years, he guided numerous researchers doing research in the Kullu and the Lahaul and Spiti districts.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> This list includes, among others, the [[Tibetology|Tibetologists]] [http://www.tibetarchaeology.com/about-the-author/ John Vincent Bellezza] and Tashi Tsering,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Belleza |first=John Vincent |date=2008 |title=Supplementary Journal 1990 |url=https://www.tibetarchaeology.com/february-2008/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=tibetarcheology.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tsering |first=Tashi |date=2013 |title=On the Unknown History of a Himalayan Buddhist Enclave: Spiti Valley before the 10th Century |journal=Current Issues and Progress in Tibetan Studies |volume=51}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tsering |first=Tashi |date=June 2012 |title=A historical overview of education and social change in Spiti Valley in India |journal=Ladakh Studies |volume=28 |pages=10}}</ref> and the [[anthropologist]] Himika Bhattacharya.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |last=Bhattacharya |first=Himika |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xm8kDwAAQBAJ&q=chhering+dorje&pg=PT7 |title=Narrating Love and Violence: Women Contesting Caste, Tribe, and State in Lahaul, India |date=2017 |publisher=Rutgers University Press |isbn=978-0-8135-8955-8 |language=en}}</ref> He spoke at many scholarly and literary seminars and at other cultural events in Kullu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Ambika |date=September 7, 2012 |title=CM says HP to be carbon-neutral |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120907/himachal.htm |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=www.tribuneindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=March 30, 2015 |title=Kavi sammelan on Birshu mela |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/kavi-sammelan-on-birshu-mela-60128 |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=Tribuneindia News Service |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=115th Anniversary of George Roerich Marked in the Himalayan Roerich Estate |url=http://spb-icr.ru/en/news/index.php?news=1078 |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=spb-icr.ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Russia-India: the Art, Philosophy and Culture |url=http://irmtkullu.com/news/news-2019/russia-india-the-art-philosophy-and-culture/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=irmtkullu.com}}</ref> He was also occasionally sought by the media for comments over current developments in the [[Kullu Valley|Kullu valley]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 21, 2012 |title=Treasure of gold coins |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20121121/himplus.htm |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=www.tribuneindia.com}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Bodh |first=Anand |date=August 17, 2018 |title='Rohtang tunnel Atal Bihari Vajpayee's biggest gift to state' {{!}} Shimla News – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/shimla/rohtang-tunnel-vajpayees-biggest-gift-to-state/articleshow/65431651.cms |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

In 2012, Dorje served as the vice-president of the [[Akhil Bharatiya Itihas Sankalan Yojana|Bharatiya Itihaas Sankalan Samiti]] in Himachal Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2012-09-06 |title=CM Stresses for the need to preserve Environment |url=https://thenewshimachal.com/2012/09/cm-stresses-for-the-need-to-preserve-environment/ |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=The News Himachal |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2018, Dorje was appointed to the General Council of the Himachal Pradesh Academy as the representative for the Lahaul and Spiti district.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019 |title=Himachal kala sanskriti bhasha akademi shimla – prastavna |url=https://secure.evidhan.nic.in/SecureFileStructure/AssemblyFiles/13/6/20190821/Documents/2_1_2.pdf}}</ref>

=== Role in Atal Tunnel construction ===
Over 1999–2000, alongside fellow Lahauli Tashi Dawa (aka 'Gopal Arjun'), Tshering Dorje played a key role in floating the idea of constructing a tunnel below the [[Rohtang Pass]] to then-Prime Minister [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]. This would enable round-the-year road access to the Lahaul valley, which otherwise got cut-off from road access for up to six months every year due to the closure of the Rohtang Pass by snows. Dawa and Dorje were part of a delegation of four from Himachal that met PM Vajpayee several times over two years to push their proposal to get a tunnel made under the pass. This eventually culminated in the construction of the [[Atal Tunnel]], which opened in October 2020.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://bro.gov.in/WriteReadData/linkimages/9390242669-t2.pdf |title=Atal Tunnel, Rohtang |publisher=Border Roads Organisation |year=2021 |location=New Delhi |pages=19}}</ref><ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharti |first=Tulsi |date=November 13, 2020 |title=अटल टनल निर्माण में अहम भूमिका निभाने वाले प्रसिद्ध साहित्यकार छेरिंग दोरजे की कोरोना से मौत |url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/himachal-pradesh/kullu-lahual-spiti-infamous-writer-chering-dorje-died-due-to-corona-virus-in-mandi-hpvk-3336800.html |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=News18 हिंदी |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pokhriyal |first=Sanjay |date=October 1, 2020 |title=Atal Tunnel Rohtang: रोहतांग सुरंग की नींव में छेरिंग दोरजे के लिखे यह शब्द |url=https://www.jagran.com/editorial/apnibaat-leh-manali-rohtang-atal-tunnel-these-words-written-by-tsering-dorje-in-the-foundation-of-rohtang-tunnel-jagran-special-20818392.html |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref>

=== Others ===

* In the early 1960s, Dorje served as a Bhoti teacher and a close aid to [[Manohar Singh Gill]], when the latter was serving as the Deputy Commissioner of Lahaul and Spiti district. Gill acknowledges that Dorje played a central role in the shaping of his book ''Himalayan Wonderland.'' Over the decades, Dorje and M.S. Gill became close friends.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gill |first=Manohar Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e103zvNHXiIC&dq=himalayan+wonderland&pg=PR1 |title=Himalayan Wonderland: Travels in Lahaul and Spiti |date=2010 |publisher=Penguin Books India |isbn=978-0-670-08413-5 |pages=xx |language=en}}</ref>
* Since the mid-1960s, Dorje had been a close friend of the Buddhist nun [[Tenzin Palmo]]. He had been the person who brought supplies once every six months to her cave high up in Lahaul, while she was on her strict three-years long meditation retreat, as recounted in the book ''Cave in the Snow''.<ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last=Mackenzie |first=Vicki |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5pK5iqfS_ZcC&q=tshering+dorje |title=Cave In The Snow |date=1999 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-4088-2812-0 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last=Palmo |first=Tenzin |date=Summer 2021 |title=Tshering Dorje - In Memoriam |url=https://tenzinpalmo.com/gatsal/Gatsal38-English.pdf |journal=Gatsal |volume=38 |pages=11}}</ref>
* Dorje was also known to be close to the [[14th Dalai Lama]].<ref name=":2" />
* The [[British Museum]] in London has a photograph of Tshering Dorje's home in Lahaul, taken by [https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG12970 Christina Noble] in 1974.<ref>{{Cite web |title=negative (polymer film) (black and white) {{!}} British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/A_2015-3057-118 |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=The British Museum |language=en}}</ref>
* Dorje features in a 2011 article of the [[Tricycle: The Buddhist Review|Tricycle]] magazine, related to an anecdote involving the American philosopher [[Dan Wikler]]'s travels in the Himalayas.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Tricycle |last2=Tricycle |date=2011-09-13 |title=Tibetan monks found chanting text by Oxford philosopher |url=https://tricycle.org/trikedaily/tibetan-monks-found-chanting-text-oxford-philosopher/ |access-date=2023-01-16 |website=Tricycle: The Buddhist Review |language=en}}</ref>

== Bibliography ==

* Dorje, Tshering. (2005). 'Punan ki boli mein ek geet'. ''Kunzom Magazine'', Volume 1 (pp. 35–36).<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/kunzom-volume-01-2005 |title=Kunzom, Vol. 1 (2005) |date=2005 |publisher=Society for Conservation and Promotion of Culture in Lahaul & Spiti |others=Tobdan}}</ref>
* Dorje, Tshering. (2017). 'Roerich in Lahoul (Lahul)'.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-03-25 |title=Roerich in Lahoul (Lahul) |url=https://roerichinlahul.info/roerich-in-lahoul-lahul/ |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=Roerich In Lahul |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:People from Lahaul and Spiti district]]
[[Category:Oral historians]]
[[Category:Scholars from Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India]]
[[Category:People from Kullu district]]
[[Category:Tibetologists]]
[[Category:Himalayan studies]]
[[Category:People from Punjab Province (British India)]]

Meena Mahajan

2026-03-12T11:16:52Z

PrakashBar: adding new entry - done

{{Short description|Indian computer scientist}}
{{Use dmy dates|cs1-dates=ly|date=October 2024}}
{{Use list-defined references|date=October 2024}}
{{CS1 config|mode=cs2}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Meena Mahajan
| image =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = India
| fields = [[Theoretical computer science]], [[Computational complexity theory]]
| workplaces = [[Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai]]
| alma_mater = [[IIT Madras]] (Ph.D.)
| doctoral_advisor =
| known_for =
| awards = [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize]] (2015)
| website =
}}
'''Meena Bhaskar Mahajan''' is an Indian [[theoretical computer science|theoretical computer scientist]] and a professor at the [[Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai]]. Her research includes publications in [[proof complexity]], algebraic [[circuit complexity]], small-space [[complexity classes]], [[parameterized complexity]], and [[algorithm]]s for [[planar graph]]s.

==Education and career==
Mahajan is originally from [[Mumbai]], the daughter of a government accountant.{{r|hs}} She studied computer science at [[IIT Bombay]], receiving a bachelor's degree in 1986 and master's degree in 1988. She completed a Ph.D. at [[IIT Madras]] in 1993.{{r|imsc}} Her dissertation, ''Studies in Language Classes Defined by Time-Varying Cellular Automata'', was supervised by [[Kamala Krithivasan]].{{r|mg}}

After joining the Institute of Mathematical Sciences in Chennai as a postdoctoral researcher in 1993, she took a permanent faculty position at the institute in 1994.{{r|imsc}}

==Recognition==
Mahajan was elected to the [[Indian Academy of Sciences]] in 2022, and to the [https://insaindia.res.in/ Indian National Science Academy] in 2025.{{r|infosys}} She is an eminent speaker of ACM India.{{r|acmi}} In 2024 she received the J. C. Bose National Fellowship of the [[Science and Engineering Research Board]], now [https://dst.gov.in/anusandhan-national-research-foundation-anrf Anusandhan National Research Foundation].{{r|infosys}}

==References==
<references>

<ref name=acmi>{{citation|url=https://www.acm.org/articles/acm-india-bulletins/2024/featured-eminent-speaker-meena-mahajan|title=Featured Eminent Speaker of ACM India: Meena Mahajan|publisher=ACM India|access-date=2024-10-29}}</ref>

<ref name=hs>{{citation|url=https://alumni.acr.iitb.ac.in/womengenzero/meena.html|title=Proving her worth: Meena Mahajan|work=Her Story – IIT Bombay Gen Zero Women|publisher=IIT Bombay|year=2022|access-date=2024-10-29}}</ref>

<ref name=imsc>{{citation|url=https://www.imsc.res.in/meena_mahajan|title=Meena Mahajan|publisher=The Institute of Mathematical Sciences|access-date=2024-10-29}}</ref>

<ref name=infosys>{{citation|url=https://www.infosysprize.org/jury/2024/meena-mahajan.html|title=Meena Mahajan|work=Infosys Prize 2024 jury|access-date=2024-10-29}}</ref>

<ref name=mg>{{mathgenealogy|124110}}</ref>

</references>

==External links==
*[https://www.imsc.res.in/~meena/ Home page]
*{{Google Scholar id|HYLNAGUAAAAJ}}

{{Authority control|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahajan, Meena}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian women computer scientists]]
[[Category:Indian theoretical computer scientists]]
[[Category:IIT Bombay alumni]]
[[Category:IIT Madras alumni]]

Ivan Thanthiran

2026-03-11T07:00:47Z

PrakashBar:

{{Short description|2017 Indian film by R. Kannan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Ivan Thanthiran
| image = Ivan Thanthiran Poster.jpg
| caption = Poster
| native_name =
| director = [[R. Kannan]]
| producer = R. Kannan M. K. Ramprasad
| writer = R. Kannan
| starring = [[Gautham Karthik]] [[Shraddha Srinath]] [[RJ Balaji]]
| music = [[S. Thaman]]
| cinematography = [[Prasanna Kumar]]
| editing = R. K. Selva
| studio = Masala Pix M.K.R.P Productions
| distributor =
| released = {{film date|2017|6|30|df=y}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| gross =
}}
'''''Ivan Thanthiran''''' ({{translation|He is a Strategist}}) is a 2017 Indian Tamil-language [[action drama film|action thriller film]] written and directed by [[R. Kannan]]. The film features [[Gautham Karthik]] and [[Shraddha Srinath]] in the lead roles, while [[RJ Balaji]] and [[Super Subbarayan]] play supporting roles. [[S. Thaman]] composed the film's music,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2017-06-27 |title=Bold and beautiful Shraddha Srinath! |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/270617/bold-and-beautiful-shraddha-srinath.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627161340/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/270617/bold-and-beautiful-shraddha-srinath.html |archive-date=27 June 2017 |access-date=2017-06-27 |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |language=en}}</ref> while [[Prasanna Kumar]] handled the cinematography and Selva RK did the editing. The film released on 30 June 2017 to positive reviews and eventually became a sleeper hit success.

== Plot ==
{{Expand section|October 2025|date=October 2025}}
Two engineering college dropouts and best friends, Sakthi ([[Gautham Karthik]]) and Balaji ([[RJ Balaji]]) start a shop in Richie street to sell assembled electronic products. Sakthi, who understands the electronic functionalities well, reverse engineers the products and sells them in their shop. Sakthi has also developed a mobile phone which can be assembled by unique parts and thus be heavily custom modified. He meets a final-year engineering student named Asha ([[Shraddha Srinath]]), who buys a laptop from him and later claims that he cheated her. They quarrel and later get on and fall in love. She even gets Sakthi's project accepted in a national electronics firm, for mass production in near future. One day, they get a job to fix CCTV cameras in a wealthy man's house. While fixing the job, Sakthi learns that the house belongs to the central Education-HRD Minister Devaraj ([[Super Subbarayan]]). Despite properly fixing the CCTV cameras, they are not paid and are insulted.

Meanwhile, Devaraj orders to close several engineering colleges, citing that they do not have either facilities or the required staff power, and around 10 colleges are closed in Chennai. Within 10 days, he approves the colleges which pay him astronomical bribes. As a result, engineering colleges are forced to collect extra fees from the students to match up to Devaraj's bribe. The students from financially weak families are unable to pay last-minute fees as the year end semester is nearing. One such student of final-year commits suicide by touching the live wire on the electric train in front of Sakthi and others. Later, Sakthi realizes that the reason behind the suicide is the bribe paid to Devaraj.

Sakthi uses his technological skills to expose Devaraj's bribe racket through social media and with the help of Balaji and an ally, Gopi ("Kabali" Hari Krishnan), who received a standing ovation for his project in electronics but ends up working as a waiter in a restaurant due to the antics of the politicians and society. He designs an electronic surveillance bug in the guise of a housefly and sends it to the place where Devaraj stores his newfound bribe. Arul ([[Stunt Silva]]), Devaraj's brother-in-law, is captured on screen with the cash, and the video goes viral. Though Arul denies any involvement of Devaraj, the media outrage causes the Prime Minister to fire Devaraj from the minister post. Now, Devaraj has to prove himself innocent, so he kills Arul when he was about to reveal Sakthi's name to him. Later, Devaraj captures Sakthi and Asha and assaults Sakthi, but Sakthi tricks Devaraj into revealing the locations of all of his black money, which is recorded by hidden cameras in Asha's house. They engage in a fight where Sakthi kills Devaraj. Sakthi then transmits the footage to the CBI and is lauded for his efforts. He takes a small amount from the confiscated money as his CCTV charges and is reunited with Asha and Balaji.

==Cast==
{{cast listing|
* [[Gautham Karthik]] as Shakthi
* [[Shraddha Srinath]] as Asha Subramaniam (Voice dubbed by [[Chinmayi Sripada|Chinmayi]])
* [[RJ Balaji]] as Balaji
* [[Super Subbarayan]] as Minister Devaraj
* [[Mayilsamy]] as Theatre Owner
* [[Madhan Bob]] as Partner
* [[Hari Krishnan (Tamil actor)|Hari Krishnan]] as Gopi
* S. Sri Vignesh
* [[Stunt Silva]] as Arul, Devaraj's brother-in-law
* [[Bharath Reddy (actor)|Bharath Reddy]] as Bharath, Devaraj's goon and nephew
* [[Pondy Ravi]] as Devaraj's right hand
* Suhin Babu
* Prem
* Senthil
* [[Venkat Subha]] as Nadhamuni
* [[C. Ranganathan]] as professor
* Neelakandan as Ericon Technologies Managing director
* Shankar Sundaram as CBI officer
* Kayal Devaraj as Murugan's father
* Gowthami Vembunathan as Murugan's mother
* [[Giri Dwarakish]] as Cyber Security M. D.
* [[Supergood Subramani]] as Bhai
; Uncredited
* [[Tharshan Thiyagarajah|Tharshan]] as a [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]] reporter and [[Thanthi TV|NDTVHindu]] news anchor<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/entertainment/cinema/2022/May/10/directing-kamal-sir-has-helped-me-become-a-better-actor-says-actor-filmmaker-ks-ravikumar-40764.html|title="Directing Kamal sir has helped me become a better actor," says actor-filmmaker KS Ravikumar|quote= Tharshan [...] has appeared in minor roles in a few films|work=[[The New Indian Express|Indulge Express]]|access-date=21 August 2025|first=Ram Venkat|last= Srikar|date=10 May 2022}}</ref>
*[[Rahul Thatha]] as Traffic Kumarasamy
}}

==Production==
In August 2016, [[R. Kannan]] revealed that his next film would feature [[Gautham Karthik]] in the lead role and would be an "action-thriller" set in Chennai.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Karthik |first=Janani |title=Gautham Karthik in Kannan's action-thriller |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Gautham-Karthik-in-Kannans-action-thriller/articleshow/53739500.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822064310/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Gautham-Karthik-in-Kannans-action-thriller/articleshow/53739500.cms |archive-date=22 August 2016 |access-date=8 September 2016 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The team initially considered [[Anupama Parameswaran]] to play the leading female role, but later opted for Shraddha Srinath, who would make her debut in Tamil films through the project.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Karthik |first=Janani |title=Shraddha Srinath bags Kannan-Gautham film |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Shraddha-Srinath-bags-Kannan-Gautham-film/articleshow/53844218.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160831185459/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Shraddha-Srinath-bags-Kannan-Gautham-film/articleshow/53844218.cms |archive-date=31 August 2016 |access-date=8 September 2016 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Playback singer [[Chinmayi Sripada]] dubbed for Shraddha in this film. The film began production in mid-August 2016, after a launch ceremony was held.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 August 2016 |title=Gautham Karthik teams up with Kannan |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/180816/gautham-karthik-teams-up-with-kannan.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920161745/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/180816/gautham-karthik-teams-up-with-kannan.html |archive-date=20 September 2016 |access-date=8 September 2016}}</ref> Kannan revealed that the team hoped to finish the film in a single schedule.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 September 2016 |title=All in the city |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/All-in-the-city/article14623201.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111071710/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/All-in-the-city/article14623201.ece |archive-date=11 November 2023 |access-date=5 December 2017 |work=The Hindu |via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> Chennai-based model Archana Sree and comedian [[RJ Balaji]] joined the film's cast during September 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2016 |title=Archana Sree turns investigator |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/200916/archana-sree-turns-investigator.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919224503/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/200916/archana-sree-turns-investigator.html |archive-date=19 September 2016 |access-date=19 September 2016}}</ref> This film may be remade in Telugu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2017-07-13 |title=Ivan Thanthiran to be remade |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/130717/ivan-thanthiran-to-be-remade.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170714030401/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/130717/ivan-thanthiran-to-be-remade.html |archive-date=14 July 2017 |access-date=2017-07-12 |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |language=en}}</ref>

==Music==
The music was composed by [[S. Thaman]] in his third collaboration with director Kannan after ''[[Vandhaan Vendraan]]'' and ''[[Settai (2013 film)|Settai]]''.
{{Infobox album
| name = Ivan Thanthiran
| type = soundtrack
| artist = [[S. Thaman]]
| cover =
| border =
| released = 12 June 2017
| recorded = 2017
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = Film soundtrack
| length = 16:34
| language = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| label = {{flatlist|
*Junglee Music
*Powered by Times Group
}}
| producer = Junglee Music
| prev_title = [[Winner (2017 film)|Winner]]
| prev_year = 2017
| next_title = [[Yaar Ivan]]
| next_year = 2017
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Track list <ref>{{Cite web |date=13 June 2017 |title=Ivan Thanthiran (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) - EP by Thaman S. on Apple Music |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/ivan-thanthiran-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1246228449 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201140345/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ivan-thanthiran-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/id1246228449 |archive-date=1 December 2017 |access-date=26 November 2017 |website=[[iTunes]]}}</ref>
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 16:34
| title1 = Dagalti Dagalti | extra1 = [[Rahul Nambiar]] | lyrics1 = Arunraja kamaraj | length1 = 04:58
| title2 = Ivan Ivan thanthiran | extra2 = Deepak, Yazin | lyrics2 = [[Vivek (lyricist)|Vivek]] | length2 = 05:12
| title3 = Medhakavitta Medhakavitta | extra3 = Sanjana Kalmanjie, Yazin | lyrics3 = Vivek | length3 = 04:18
| title4 = Ivan thanthiran (Theme) | extra4 = [[S. Thaman]] | lyrics4 = Vivek | length4 = 02:06
}}

==Release and reception==
The film was distributed by Creative entertainments and distributors in 244 theatres in Tamil Nadu and 323 theatres overall in India.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2017 |title=Gautham Karthik's Ivan Thanthiran all India screen count |url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/gautham-karthiks-ivan-thanthiran-all-india-screen-count.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703163534/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/gautham-karthiks-ivan-thanthiran-all-india-screen-count.html |archive-date=3 July 2017 |access-date=6 July 2017}}</ref> The satellite rights of the film were sold to [[Zee Tamil]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 October 2017 |title=Zee Tamizh to premiere 'Ivan Thanthiran' on 15 Oct |url=https://www.televisionpost.com/zee-tamizh-to-premiere-ivan-thanthiran-on-15-oct/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412142731/https://www.televisionpost.com/zee-tamizh-to-premiere-ivan-thanthiran-on-15-oct/ |archive-date=12 April 2019 |access-date=12 April 2019 |website=televisionpost.com}}</ref>

===Critical reception===
''Ivan Thanthiran'' received highly positive reviews from critics upon release, with calling it "the director's best in recent years" in their initial review round-up. Srinivasa Ramanujam of ''The Hindu'' wrote, '' Ivan Thanthiran'' A fairly engaging thriller that revolves around the lives of engineering students. while also singling out [[Gautham Karthik]], [[Shraddha Srinath]] and [[RJ Balaji]]'s performance for praise.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ivan Thanthiran: A good fodder for a commercial masala film but thankfully, Ivan Thanthiran wants to do other things – and makes it a battle between brain and brawn |url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/signs-and-technology/article19192863.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109032657/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/signs-and-technology/article19192863.ece |archive-date=9 November 2020 |access-date=6 July 2017 |work=The Hindu}}</ref> Jyothi Prabhakar of ''Times Of India'' wrote 'We can willingly suspend disbelief for two hours of sharp and spiffy entertainment now, can't we? Go watch' TOI Rating for the movie Ivan Thanthiran is 3.5/5 <ref>{{Cite news |title=Ivan Thanthiran Movie Review, Trailer, & Show timings at Times of India |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/ivan-thanthiran/movie-review/59383884.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704005657/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/ivan-thanthiran/movie-review/59383884.cms |archive-date=4 July 2017 |access-date=6 July 2017 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Anupama Subramanian of ''Deccan chronicle'' wrote Ivan Thanthiran a classic in the making, but rarely does anyone set out to watch a new film having such standards in mind. Just go to the theatres and enjoy a nice mid-summer hiatus. DC rating for the movie Ivan Thanthiran is 3.0/5 <ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2017 |title=Ivan Thandhiran movie review: Briskli paced, utilising relatable experiences |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/010717/ivan-thandhiran-movie-review-briskli-paced-utilising-relatable-experiences.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706231004/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/010717/ivan-thandhiran-movie-review-briskli-paced-utilising-relatable-experiences.html |archive-date=6 July 2017 |access-date=6 July 2017}}</ref> Baradwaj Rangan of Film Companion wrote "The director, R. Kannan, has no idea how to stage a scene and push our buttons."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ivan Thanthiran Movie Review |date=30 June 2017 |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/reviews/ivan-thanthiran-movie-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028015526/https://www.filmcompanion.in/reviews/ivan-thanthiran-movie-review |archive-date=28 October 2022 |access-date=2 September 2023}}</ref>

==Sequel==
A standalone sequel, ''Ivan Thanthiran 2'', was announced in 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2024 |title=First look of Ivan Thandhiran 2 out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2024/Jul/11/first-look-of-ivan-thandhiran-2-out |website=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref> The film stars [[Saran Shakthi]], [[Thambi Ramaiah]], [[Redin Kingsley]] and [[Samuthirakani]] in lead roles.

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
* ''[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7087934/ Ivan Thanthiran]'' on [[IMDb]]
{{R. Kannan}}

[[Category:2017 films]]
[[Category:2017 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Indian action comedy films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Thaman S]]
[[Category:Films about corruption in India]]
[[Category:Films directed by R. Kannan]]
[[Category:2017 action comedy films]]

List of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel in 2010

2026-03-10T10:23:05Z

PrakashBar: improved article

{{short description|None}}

{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel}}
{{main|Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel}}

The following is a detailed '''list of [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] [[rocket]]''' and [[mortar (weapon)|mortar]] '''attacks on [[Israel]]''' in '''2010''' from the [[Gaza Strip]].

According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s annual report, Palestinians carried out 150 rocket launches and 215 mortar launches at Israel during the year. This represented a decrease in both types of attacks compared to 2009, in which there were 569 rocket launches and 289 mortar launches.<ref name="yearinreview"/><ref>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reviews/Pages/2010summary-en.aspx 2010 Annual Summary - Data and Trends in Terrorism] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120421230917/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reviews/Pages/2010summary-en.aspx |date=2012-04-21 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

The report stated that [[Iran]] succeeded in smuggling 1,000 mortar shells and hundreds of short-range rockets into the Gaza Strip over the course of the year.<ref name="yearinreview">[https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=201611 Iran smuggled hundreds of rockets to Gaza in 2010], Jerusalem Post 30-12-2010</ref> The security agency also warned that the [[Sinai Desert]] was turning into [[Hamas|Hamas's]] "backyard" for operations and storage of arms. 2010 saw two unique instances of Hamas firing rockets from the Sinai at the southern Israeli port city of [[Eilat]].<ref name="yearinreview"/>

==Notable incidents==
On 18 March, [[Thailand|Thai]] national Manee Singmueangphon was killed by a Palestinian [[Qassam rocket]] launched at a greenhouse in [[Netiv Haasara]]. Both [[Ansar al Sunna]], an [[Islamist]] group affiliated with [[al-Qaeda]], and [[al Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades]], the military wing of [[Palestinian President]] [[Mahmoud Abbas]]'s [[Fatah]] party, claimed responsibility for the attack.

On 30 July, a [[Hamas]] [[Grad missile]] hit a residential neighborhood in the heart of the Israeli coastal city of [[Ashkelon]]. No one was physically injured, but eight people suffered from shock and surrounding apartment buildings sustained damage.

On 2 August, Hamas militants in [[Egypt]] fired seven [[Iran]]ian-made [[Grad missile]]s at the resort city of [[Eilat]] in the extreme south of Israel. Overshot missiles hit the [[Jordan]]ian city of [[Aqaba]], killing one person and wounding several.

On 20 October, an accidental explosion occurred at a Hamas Qassam rocket training site in the densely crowded [[Tel As-Sultan]] neighborhood of [[Rafah]] in the southern Gaza Strip. Thirteen people were injured by flying shrapnel, including five children and three women.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=192130 13 injured in Kassam training site explosion in Rafah], Jerusalem Post 20-10-2010</ref>

==Summary==
''This strictly summarises the content of the article below.''<ref>Missile totals are taken from the ISA summaries, deaths and injuries from the text. (If you change the text, please adjust the totals.)</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! Month
! colspan=2 | Missiles launched
! colspan=2 | Effect of missiles
! colspan=2 | Retaliation by Israel
|-
! || Rockets || Mortars || Killed || Injured || Killed || Injured
|-
| January || 13 || 28 || || || 4 || 8
|-
| February || 5 || 5 || || || ||
|-
| March || 35 || 6 || 1 || || ||
|-
| April || 5 || 18 || || || || 5
|-
| May || 14 || 7 || || || ||
|-
| June || 14 || 17 || || || 3 ||
|-
| July || 13 || 10 || || || 1 || 9
|-
| August || 14 || 17 || 1 || 3 || ||
|-
| September || 16 || 23 || || || 7 || 2
|-
| October || 3 || 20 || || || 2 || 4
|-
| November || 5 || 28 || || || || 1
|-
| December || 15 || 38 || || 2 || || 2
|-
! Total || 152 || 217 || 2 || 5 || 17 || 31
|}

==January==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s monthly summary, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 13 rockets and 28 mortar shells towards Israel in 26 separate attacks. This represented an increase from December 2009, which saw 9 rockets and 3 mortar shell launchings in 11 separate attacks.<ref>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/jan10report.aspx Monthly Summary - January 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320063330/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/jan10report.aspx |date=2011-03-20 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

;January 1
:Two mortar shells were fired at Israel from the northern Gaza Strip. One of the shells landed in an open area within [[Sdot Negev Regional Council]] limits, while the other landed within the Gaza Strip, near the [[Kerem Shalom]] border crossing. The [[Popular Resistance Committees]] claimed responsibility for the attacks, claiming it had fired a total of five mortars. No casualties or damage were reported. The [[Color Red]] alert system did not sound.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3828381,00.html 2 Gaza mortars fired towards Negev region], Ynet News 01-01-2010</ref>

;January 5
:At about noon, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No casualties or damage were reported. In response, within an hour Israel carried out an airstrike on two tunnels in the Gaza Strip.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.globes.co.il/news/article.aspx?did=1000446092|title = הבוקר נורתה רקטת קסאם מעזה לעבר ישראל - חיל האוויר תקף מנהרות ברצועה|newspaper = Globes|date = May 2009|last1 = ערוץ 2|first1 = אתר חדשות}}</ref>

;January 6
:Militants in the southern Gaza Strip were allegedly preparing to launch a rocket attack against Israel when they were hit in an Israeli airstrike. One militant was killed and three were wounded. They were said to belong to the [[Popular Resistance Committees]].<ref>[https://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1262339411350&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull Galant warns 'quiet in South temporary'], Jerusalem Post 06-01-2010</ref>

;January 7
:At least ten mortar shells were launched from the Gaza Strip, in separate incidents beginning around 7:45 am. Seven shells hit open areas in southern Israel, most of them landing between the [[Kerem Shalom]] border crossing and a community in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. Three shells landed within the Gaza Strip. No one was wounded and no damage was reported. Immediately after the firing, the residents of Kibbutz Kerem Shalom were asked to enter a fortified area, where they stayed for about half an hour. The [[Popular Resistance Committees]] claimed responsibility for the attack, saying it was in revenge for an Israeli air strike several days earlier that killed two of the group's fighters. The Israeli Defense Ministry responded by closing the Kerem Shalom border crossing until further notice, delaying trucks headed from Israeli into the Gaza Strip.<ref name=four/><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3830943,00.html 7 mortar shells fired from Gaza], Ynet News 07-01-2010</ref>

:Militants in the Gaza Strip fired an anti-tank missile at Israeli soldiers near the border. The soldiers returned fire toward the source of the attack. No casualties were reported.<ref name=four>[https://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1262339418665&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull IAF strikes four targets in Gaza Strip], Jerusalem Post 08-01-2010</ref>

:A [[Katyusha rocket]] launched from the Gaza Strip landed in an open field south of [[Ashkelon]]. No casualties or damage were reported. However, the projectile triggered air sirens throughout the area, causing panic among the residents. The Israeli Air Force responded by striking four targets in the Gaza Strip later that night, including several smuggling tunnels in the southern part of the territory, a tunnel which the army said was intended for infiltration of terrorists into Israel, and a weapons manufacturing facility. Palestinians said three men were killed and two were wounded in the strikes.<ref name=four/>

;January 8
:In the evening, two [[Qassam rocket]]s were fired from the Gaza Strip and landed in open areas within the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]]. The [[Color Red]] alert system was sounded in nearby [[Sderot]] and in other communities. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref name=two>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3831699,00.html 2 rockets hit western Negev; none injured], Ynet News 09-01-2010</ref>

;January 9
:Early in the morning, a mortar shell was fired from the Gaza Strip and landed in an open area within the Eshkol Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref name=two/><ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1141329.html Gaza militants fire 3 Qassam rockets into southern Israel], Haaretz 09-01-2010</ref>

;January 10
:At around 4:20 pm, Palestinians fired four mortar shells at a community south of Ashkelon. All the shells landed within the Gaza Strip. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3832369,00.html 4 mortar shells fired at Israel; none injured], Ynet News 10-01-2010</ref>

:In the evening, militants in the Gaza Strip were preparing to fire rockets into Israel when they were struck by an Israeli Air Force air-to-ground missile. Three senior Palestinian Islamic Jihad operatives were killed and five militants were wounded. The three killed were senior Islamic Jihad field commander Awad Nuseir, Hassan al-Qatrawi and Huzaeifa el-Hams.<ref>[https://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1262339444489&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull IAF kills 3 terrorists in Gaza preparing to fire mortar], Jerusalem Post 10-01-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1141532.html IAF strike kills three Gaza militants posed to fire rockets], Haaretz 10-01-2010</ref>

;January 20
:According to a morning update on the IDF Hebrew language website, a Qassam rocket was fired at Israel overnight and exploded in the Eshkol Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dover.idf.il/IDF/Templates/Innerpage.aspx?NRMODE=Published&NRNODEGUID=%7B9A30BBB6-13E6-4AFB-9D9D-BA2FBF78625C%7D&NRORIGINALURL=%2FIDF%2F%25D7%2593%25D7%2599%25D7%2595%25D7%2595%25D7%2597%25D7%2599%25D7%259D%2B%25D7%25A9%25D7%2595%25D7%2598%25D7%25A4%25D7%2599%25D7%259D%2F10%2F01%2F2002.htm&NRCACHEHINT=Guest |title=רקטת קסאם נורתה הלילה מרצועת עזה |access-date=2010-06-03 |archive-date=2012-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324145405/http://dover.idf.il/IDF/Templates/Innerpage.aspx?NRMODE=Published&NRNODEGUID=%7B9A30BBB6-13E6-4AFB-9D9D-BA2FBF78625C%7D&NRORIGINALURL=%2FIDF%2F%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9D%2F10%2F01%2F2002.htm&NRCACHEHINT=Guest |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==February==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s monthly summary, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 5 rockets and 5 mortar shells towards Israel in 9 separate attacks.<ref>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/feb10.aspx Monthly Summary - February 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320063556/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/feb10.aspx |date=2011-03-20 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

;February 2
:A Qassam rocket launched from the Gaza Strip detonated in an open area in the Eshkol Regional Council. The [[Color Red]] warning system sounded in a number of towns in the vicinity. No injuries or damage were reported. Israel responded to the attack and to a separate explosive-barrel incident with air strikes on a weapons smuggling tunnel under the Gaza Strip's [[Philadelphi Corridor]].<ref name=second>[https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1147299.html Second Qassam rocket in 24 hours strikes southern Israel], Haaretz 03-02-2010</ref><ref name=explodes>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3844051,00.html Qassam explodes in western Negev], Ynet News 03-02-2010</ref>

;February 3
:A Qassam rocket launched from the Gaza Strip detonated near the border fence on farmland in the Shaar Hanegev Regional Council, near Sderot. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref name=explodes/><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=167712 Kassam rocket lands near Sderot; none wounded], Jerusalem Post 03-02-2010</ref>

;February 7
:A Qassam rocket launched from the Gaza Strip exploded in an open area near Sderot. The Color Red warning system sounded in the surrounding areas. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3845381,00.html Rocket explodes near Sderot; none injured], Ynet News 07-02-2010</ref>

;February 12
:A Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed in an open area between Shaar Hanegev Regional Council and [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref name=strikes/><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.israeltoday.co.il/default.aspx?tabid=178&nid=20568 | title=Israel Today - News & Commentary. Stay Informed, Pray Informed }}</ref>

==March==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s monthly summary, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 35 rockets and 6 mortar shells towards Israel in 30 separate attacks.<ref>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/march10-report.aspx Monthly Summary - March 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320063602/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/march10-report.aspx |date=2011-03-20 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

;March 11
:A rocket launched from the northern Gaza Strip hit an abandoned workshop in Kibbutz [[Nirim]] in the Eshkol Regional Council, located several meters from residents' homes. The rocket damaged the building but caused no casualties. [[Ansar al-Sunna]], a Palestinian [[Salafist]] organization affiliated with [[al-Qaida]], claimed responsibility for the attack. In response, the following day Israel carried out an airstrike on a weapons laboratory and a weapons-smuggling tunnel in the Gaza Strip, wounding several people.<ref name=strikes>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3861651,00.html IDF strikes targets in Strip], Ynet News 12-03-2010</ref><ref name=lab>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3861632,00.html IAF bombs smuggling tunnel, weapons lab in Gaza], Ynet News 12-03-2010</ref>

:Later the same day, two more rockets were launched from the Gaza Strip at Israel, but landed within the Gaza Strip near the border fence.<ref name=lab/>

;March 13
:In the evening, a rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed in an open area in the Eshkol Regional Council.<ref name=girl/>

;March 16
:Two mortar shells were fired from the Gaza Strip into Israel, but missed their intended target and fell within the Gaza Strip. No injuries or damage were reported. The explosions were heard in the [[Sha'ar Hanegev]] area.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=171167 2 mortar shells fired from Gaza hit Palestinian territory], Jerusalem Post 16-03-2010</ref>

;March 17
:In the evening, a Qassam rocket launched from the Gaza Strip exploded in an open area between Sderot and a kibbutz belonging to the Shaar Hanegev Regional Council. Two people, including a young girl, suffered from shock and were treated by a [[Magen David Adom]] emergency crew. The Color Red alert system was activated in Sderot before the explosion.<ref name=girl>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3864366,00.html Qassam lands near Sderot; girl suffers shock], Ynet News 17-03-2010</ref>

;March 18
:A Qassam rocket fired at around 1 am hit an open area north of Sderot. No injuries or damage were reported. The Color Red alarm system sounded in Sderot.<ref name=girl/>

:A Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip slammed into a greenhouse in [[Netiv Haasara]], a cooperative agricultural community in the [[Hof Ashkelon Regional Council]]. Manee Singmueangphon, a 33-year-old [[Thailand|Thai]] agricultural guest worker,<ref name=group>[http://www.upi.com/Top_News/International/2010/03/19/Group-Rocket-responsibility-is-Hamass/UPI-17591269016702/ Group: Rocket responsibility is Hamas's], UPI 19-03-2010</ref> was killed in the explosion, and 50 additional Thai workers suffered from shock.<ref name=under/> [[Ansar al-Sunna]], a small, [[al-Qaida]]-inspired [[Salafist]] militant group, claimed responsibility for the attack, calling it a response to Israel's "Judaization" of Islamic holy places, without clarifying what acts it was referring to. The [[Aksa Martyrs Brigades]], the military wing of Palestinian President [[Mahmoud Abbas]]' [[Fatah]] party, independently claimed responsibility later. Islamist militant group [[Hamas]], the de facto ruling authority in Gaza, said that "the government of the Zionist enemy" (Israel) bore responsibility for the attack. ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H2fAHHJ5ybU See Associated Press video of the attack])

:The rocket was fired half an hour after [[High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy|European Union High Representative for Foreign Affairs]] Lady [[Catherine Ashton]] entered the Gaza Strip on a visit. The attack was condemned by Ashton, by the [[United Kingdom]] and by [[United Nations Secretary-General]] [[Ban Ki-moon]], the latter calling it an "act of terror" and "violence against civilians".<ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1157365.html 'Israel will defend itself from Gaza rockets, regardless of Goldstone'], Haaretz 18-03-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=171296 Israel vows to respond to Kassam hit], Jerusalem Post 18-03-2010</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100322201555/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ioi_0jtO9RjMwPNRoXNCndRPRq3gD9EH8F180 Gaza rocket kills Thai farm worker in Israel], Associated Press 18-03-2010</ref> The [[United States]] and [[Russia]] condemned the attack as well, in a statement by the [[Middle East Quartet]].<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=171360 Quartet to Israel: Freeze settlements], Jerusalem Post 19-03-2010</ref> [[Human Rights Watch]] said that Hamas has the responsibility to stop indiscriminate rocket fire into Israel.<ref name=group/>

:Ashkelon Coast Regional Council Chairman Yair Farjun said, "The international community must wake up. We have left Gaza, so what do the Palestinians want now? All of these incidents are happening... because the Palestinians want all Jews out of this land and seek the destruction of Israel". Israeli Deputy Foreign Minister [[Danny Ayalon]] said that the attacks were the result of Hamas incitement to violence and a natural consequence of the [[Goldstone report]], adding that Israel still seeks peace but would continue to defend its citizens.<ref name=iaf/>

:Israel responded to the attack by carrying out airstrikes on six targets in the Gaza Strip: three weapons-smuggling tunnels on the Egyptian border, a weapons production facility and two tunnels intended for infiltration into Israel to carry out attacks. Two Palestinians were reportedly wounded in the strikes.<ref name=iaf>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=171319 IAF strikes in Gaza after Kassam attack], Jerusalem Post 19-03-2010</ref> Israel also sent a letter of complaint to United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and the [[UN Security Council]]. There was no report of a response.<ref name=least/>

;March 19
:A Qassam rocket launched from the Gaza Strip landed in the [[Sha'ar Hanegev]] area. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=171361 Kassam rocket fired into Sha'ar Hanegev area; none hurt], Jerusalem Post 19-03-2010</ref> Israel responded to the attack by carrying out airstrikes on a [[Hamas]] facility near [[Dahiniyeh]] in the southern Gaza Strip and on two weapons-smuggling tunnels under the Gaza-Egypt border. Palestinians said that fourteen people were injured in the second strike.<ref name=least>[https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1157651.html At least 14 wounded in IAF missile strike on Gaza], Haaretz 20-03-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3865246,00.html 14 Palestinians injured in Gaza strike], Ynet News 19-03-2010</ref>

;March 20
:Four Qassam rockets were fired from the Gaza Strip, causing the Color Red alarm to sound several times and forcing residents in southern Israel to take cover in secure rooms. The first rocket landed in an open area in the Hof Ashkelon Regional Council. Shortly after the strike, a second rocket landed in an open area near Sderot, activating the Color Red alarm in the Sderot region and in the Ashkelon area. A third rocket landed within the Gaza Strip near [[Kissufim]]. In the evening, a fourth rocket landed in an open area in the Shaar Hanegev Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported in any of the attacks.<ref name=under>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3865390,00.html Under fire: More rockets hit south], Ynet News 20-03-2010</ref><ref name=after/>

;March 21
:In the evening, a Qassam rocket fired from the northern Gaza Strip struck an open field in a [[kibbutz]] south of Ashkelon, in the Hof Ashkelon Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported. Ashkelon's Deputy Mayor Shlomo Cohen said, "We are witnessing a deterioration whereby the rockets are getting closer and closer to Ashkelon. This merely validates our fears and demands for the fortification of educational institutions."<ref name=after>[https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1157888.html Gaza rocket fired at south Israel, days after deadly strike], Haaretz 21-03-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3866065,00.html Qassam hits south of Ashkelon], Ynet News 21-03-2010</ref>

:A second rocket fired in the evening fell within the Gaza Strip.<ref name=ynetm22>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3866130,00.html IAF strikes smuggling tunnel in Gaza], Ynet News 22-03-2010</ref>

:Israel responded to the attacks by carrying out an airstrike on a smuggling tunnel in the southern Gaza Strip. No injuries were reported.<ref name=ynetm22/>

;March 22
:Two Qassam rockets were fired at Israel. One rocket exploded in an open area around noon, and several hours later another rocket landed within the Gaza Strip, near the [[Erez crossing]]. Israel responded to the attack and to attacks in previous days by carrying out an airstrike on a weapons storage facility in [[Gaza City]] that night. Palestinians said four civilians were lightly injured from shrapnel, though the facility was empty at the time.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3866703,00.html IAF strikes arms shed in Gaza], AFP (reprinted in Ynet News) 23-03-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=171583 IAF jets bomb Gaza weapons storage facility], Jerusalem Post 23-03-2010</ref><ref name=city>[https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1158343.html IAF strikes Gaza City weapons storage facility], Haaretz 23-03-2010</ref>

;March 23
:A Qassam rocket fired from the northern Gaza Strip exploded near a parking lot in the heart of a populated zone in the Hof Ashkelon Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3867194,00.html South under fire again; rocket hits populated area], Ynet News 23-03-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=171643 Kassam hits open area in Hof Ashkelon region; none hurt], Jerusalem Post 23-03-2010</ref> Israel responded to the attack and to other attacks in recent days by carrying out an airstrike on a weapons warehouse in the northern Gaza Strip that night. No injuries were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=171692 IAF bombs Gaza weapons warehouse], Jerusalem Post 24-03-2010</ref>

;March 26
:A rocket was fired from the Gaza Strip into Israel, according to the IDF. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100327050213/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/restofasia/Gaza-rocket-strikes-Israel-army/Article1-523433.aspx Gaza rocket strikes Israel: army ], AFP (reprinted in Hindustan Times) 26-03-2010</ref>

;March 27
:In the morning, two Qassam rockets were fired at Israel. The first landed within the Gaza Strip. The second, fired from the northern Gaza Strip, landed near a [[kibbutz]] in the [[Sha'ar Hanegev Regional Council]]. The Color Red alarm was activated in the area shortly before the rocket exploded. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=171895 IDF tanks leave Gaza after clashes], Jerusalem Post 26-03-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3868696,00.html Qassam lands in Negev; no injuries], Ynet News 27-03-2010</ref>

;March 29
:A Qassam rocket launched from the Gaza Strip landed in an open area within the Eshkol Regional Council during the eve of [[Passover]]. No injuries or damage were reported, and the Color Red alarm did not sound. Israel did not immediately respond to the attack.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3869734,00.html Rocket lands in Eshkol], Ynet News 29-03-2010</ref>

==April==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]], Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 18 mortar shells and 5 rockets at Israel in 15 separate attacks.<ref name=mayisa/>

;April 1
:At night, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed in an open area in the Hof Ashkelon Regional Council, near Ashkelon, causing damage but no injuries.<ref>[http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2010/04/201042155550920415.html Israeli air raids wound children], Al Jazeera 02-04-2010</ref> Israel responded by carrying out airstrikes on four targets in the Gaza Strip used as arms storage and weapons manufacturing sites.<ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1160883.html Despite air force strikes on Gaza, Qassam and mortar fire continue], Haaretz 06-04-2010</ref> These included a guard post of Hamas's armed wing in an open area near [[Khan Younis]], a metal foundry in [[Nusseirat]],<ref>[https://archive.today/20130124164335/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hfa-KmhMNFVibM1YB7oMRJMqEOdA Israel warns of new Gaza assault as US urges restraint], AFP 02-04-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.csmonitor.com/World/terrorism-security/2010/0402/Israel-threatens-second-Gaza-war-after-launching-air-strikes Israel threatens second Gaza war after launching air strikes], Christian Science Monitor 02-04-2010</ref> a facility in [[Gaza City]]'s [[Sabra, Gaza|Sabra]] neighborhood identified by Palestinians as the Daloul cheese factory, and a nearby warehouse. According to a Palestinian official, five people including three children were lightly injured.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3871094,00.html False alarm prompts scare], Ynet News 02-04-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/middleeast/news/article_1545502.php/Israeli-warplanes-strike-in-Gaza-five-lightly-injured-Roundup Israeli warplanes strike in Gaza, five lightly injured] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100416055421/http://www.monstersandcritics.com/news/middleeast/news/article_1545502.php/Israeli-warplanes-strike-in-Gaza-five-lightly-injured-Roundup |date=2010-04-16 }}, Monsters and Critics 02-04-2010</ref>

;April 3
:In the afternoon, a mortar shell fired from the northern Gaza Strip landed in an open area near an Israeli community in the [[Sha'ar Hanegev Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported. The [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] claimed responsibility for the attack,<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3871567,00.html IDF attacks 2 Palestinians near Kissufim], Ynet News 04-04-2010</ref> stating that it was carried out "in response to [[Zionist]] crimes".<ref>[http://www.gulf-times.com/site/topics/article.asp?cu_no=2&item_no=353016&version=1&template_id=37&parent_id=17 Mortar round fired at Israel], Gulf News 04-04-2010</ref>

;April 4
:In the late evening, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip hit an open space in the Shaar Hanegev Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported. The fire came several hours after Israel allowed trucks stocked with goods into the strip.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3871668,00.html Qassam hits Negev, no injuries reported], Ynet News 04-04-2010</ref>

;April 7
:Six mortars were fired from the northern Gaza Strip toward the Eshkol region of Israel, but all fell within the Gaza Strip. One of the mortars hit a house in [[Beit Hanoun]], sending shrapnel flying and lighting a small fire inside. Six Palestinians were injured, one of them seriously. The attack came two days after Islamic Jihad in Gaza announced that it would cease firing rockets into Israel, and several days after [[Hamas]] announced it would try to reduce attacks.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3872456,00.html 6 mortars fired from Gaza land in Palestinian territory], Ynet News 07-04-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1161389.html Despite Gaza rocket pledge, six mortar shells fired at Israel], Haaretz 07-04-2010</ref>

;April 8
:Militants in the Gaza Strip opened fire at Israeli soldiers on the Israeli side of the border fence near [[Kibbutz Kissufim]], shelling them with at least three mortar bombs and two RPG anti-tank projectiles. The soldiers were conducting a routine patrol. No injuries were reported.<ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1161732.html Gaza militants attack IDF patrol near Israel border], Haaretz 08-04-2010</ref>

;April 12
:On [[Yom HaShoah|Holocaust Memorial Day]], Palestinian militants fired two rockets at Israel from the Gaza Strip. One fell in the [[Sha'ar Hanegev]] region, the other near the Gaza border fence. No injuries or damage were reported. The Color Red alarm did not sound.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=172874 Two Kassam rockets landed in W. Negev, no one was injured], Jerusalem Post 12-04-2010</ref>

;April 15
:At night, a Qassam rocket fired by militants in the Gaza Strip hit an open area in the Eshkol Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=173284 Kassam rocket fired from Gaza hits Eshkol region; none hurt], Jerusalem Post 15-04-2010</ref>

;April 22 {{main|Rocket attacks on Eilat and Aqaba}}
:Before dawn, three 122mm [[Grad rockets]] were fired from the [[Sinai Peninsula]] in [[Egypt]] at the resort town of [[Eilat]] at the extreme south of Israel. One rocket exploded in the neighboring town of [[Aqaba]] in [[Jordan]], destroying an empty refrigerator warehouse. The other two rockets fell into the [[Red Sea]]. No injuries were reported. No group claimed responsibility, but it was later determined that [[Hamas]] was behind the attack.<ref>[http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/04/22/Israel-Jordan-probe-predawn-rocket-launch/UPI-39091271948738/ Israel, Jordan probe predawn rocket launch], UPI 22-04-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/home/article.aspx?id=173675 Two rockets land in Eilat area], Jerusalem Post 22-04-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/English/eng_n/html/hamas_e124.htm Hamas operatives were responsible for the two rocket attacks on Eilat and Aqaba. The Egyptian media strongly attacked Hamas and Iran because of the rocket fire, calling Hamas an "Iranian agent" and demanding it be punished.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101119002219/http://www.terrorism-info.org.il/malam_multimedia/English/eng_n/html/hamas_e124.htm |date=2010-11-19 }}, [[Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center]] 15-08-2010</ref>

==May==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s monthly summary, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 14 rockets and 7 mortar shells at Israel in 17 separate attacks.<ref name=mayisa>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/may10report.aspx Monthly Summary - May 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320063342/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/may10report.aspx |date=2011-03-20 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

;May 8
:A Qassam rocket fired from the northern Gaza Strip exploded south of Ashkelon, in an open area in the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]]. The Color Red alarm sounded in several nearby communities. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3886619,00.html Rocket hits south Israel], Ynet News 08-05-2010</ref> Israel responded the following day by carrying out airstrikes on two targets in the Gaza Strip. No injuries were reported.<ref>[http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/today/10/05/1001.htm IAF targets two terrorist sites in southern Gaza Strip] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329103508/http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/today/10/05/1001.htm |date=2012-03-29 }}, IDF Official Website 10-05-2010</ref>

;May 19
:In the evening, at the end of the [[Shavuot]] holiday, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed near Ashkelon, hitting an open area in the Eshkol Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=175920 Kassam falls in southern Israel, no casualties], Jerusalem Post 19-05-2010</ref> [[Ansar al-Sunnah]], a [[Salafist]] militant group, claimed responsibility for the attack. Israel responded by carrying out airstrikes on three Gaza Strip border tunnels, one in the north and two in the south, which the IDF said were intended for transporting terrorists into Israel. No injuries were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=176069 IAF strikes Gaza terrorist tunnels], Jerusalem Post 21-05-2010</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100524211749/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gG5oro6qTyarioTWld_T_eV6MBKQ Israel launches overnight air raids on Gaza], AFP 21-05-2010</ref>

;May 25
:Two mortar shells were fired from the Gaza Strip at the [[Netiv Ha'asara]] area, near Ashkelon. At night, two additional mortar shells were fired at Israel, with one exploding in the [[Sha'ar Hanegev]] area and the other exploding within the Gaza Strip. No injuries or damage were reported in either of the attacks, and the Color Red alarm did not sound.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=176466 Two mortar shells fired from Gaza; none hurt], Jerusalem Post 25-05-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.upi.com/Top_News/International/2010/05/25/Israeli-troops-escape-bomb-blast/UPI-62261274807276/ Israeli troops escape bomb blast], UPI 25-05-2010</ref> Israel responded later that night by carrying out airstrikes on two Gaza Strip border tunnels, one in the north and one in the south. The IDF said the tunnels were intended for carrying out terrorist attacks within Israel.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=176481 IAF strikes 2 Gaza tunnels intended to infiltrate Israel], Jerusalem Post 26-05-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3894289,00.html 15 hurt in Gaza strike], Ynet news 26-05-2010</ref>

;May 26
:In the late evening, a Qassam rocket fired at Israel exploded in an open area in the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]]. The Color Red alarm sounded in an adjacent community. Later in the evening, two mortar shells were fired at Israel but landed within Gaza strip, adjacent to the Eshkol Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported in either of the incidents.<ref>[http://news.walla.co.il/?w=/22/1679398 קסאם ושתי מרגמות התפוצצו בדרום, אין נפגעים או נזק], Walla News (Hebrew) 26-05-2010</ref>

;May 28
:Shortly after 12 am, two Qassam rockets<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.glz.co.il/newsArticle.aspx?newsid=62893 |title=גלי צה"ל און-ליין - שתי רקטות קסאם התפוצצו באזור שער הנגב |access-date=2010-06-03 |archive-date=2011-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721135944/http://www.glz.co.il/newsArticle.aspx?newsid=62893 |url-status=dead }}</ref> launched from the northern Gaza Strip exploded on a road in the [[Shaar Hanegev]] industrial zone, near the city of Sderot. The blast shattered the windows of a nearby building, and shrapnel from the explosion damaged a nearby truck. No injuries were reported. The Color Red alarm sounded throughout the city of Sderot.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3895424,00.html Qassam explodes in South; none injured], Ynet News 28-05-2010</ref> Israel responded to the attack, and to a separate attempt by Gaza gunmen to infiltrate Israel, with two airstrikes, one on a weapons production facility in the north and one on a border tunnel in the south. The IDF said the tunnel was intended for carrying out terrorist attacks within Israel. No injuries were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=176803 IAF strikes targets in Gaza Strip], Jerusalem Post 30-05-2010</ref>

==June==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s monthly summary, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 14 rockets and 17 mortar shells towards Israel in 22 separate attacks.<ref>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/june10report.aspx Monthly Summary - June 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320063259/http://www.shabak.gov.il/ENGLISH/ENTERRORDATA/REPORTS/Pages/june10report.aspx |date=2011-03-20 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

;June 1
:Overnight, a Qassam rocket exploded among [[greenhouse]]s in the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]], damaging a greenhouse. No injuries were reported. The Color Red alarm did not sound, but the explosion was heard in the area.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3897132,00.html Qassam lands in south over night; none injured], Ynet News 01-06-2010</ref>

:Later that day, three militants from Palestinian Islamic Jihad fired two rockets into southern Israel, which landed in open areas and caused no injuries. According to the group, its militants were killed shortly after the attack by an Israeli airstrike.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=177148 3 terrorists killed in Gaza airstrike], Jerusalem Post 01-06-2010</ref>

;June 3
:Around 9 pm, two Qassam rockets exploded in an open area south of Ashkelon. Another rocket landed in the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]], near a kibbutz. A fourth rocket caused the Color Red alarm to sound in Sderot, and apparently landed in an open area near the city.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3898895,00.html 4 rockets hit south], Ynet News 03-06-2010</ref>

;June 14
:Around 11:30 pm, a Qassam rocket exploded in an open area in Eshkol Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3905270,00.html Qassam explodes in Negev; none injured], Ynet News 15-06-2010</ref>

;June 24
:Eight mortars and one rocket were fired at Israeli communities. Around 1:30 pm, three mortar shells exploded in open areas in the [[Hof Ashkelon Regional Council]]. Around 5:30 pm, three additional mortar shells were fired from the Gaza Strip but fell on the Palestinian side of the border fence, in the vicinity of the [[Erez crossing]]. Later, two more mortar shells exploded south of a kibbutz in the Shaar Hanegev Regional Council. Shortly after that, a Qassam rocket exploded near a kibbutz north of the Gaza Strip. No injuries or damage were reported in any of the attacks.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3910411,00.html Rocket explodes in south; none injured], Ynet News 24-06-2010</ref> Israel responded by carrying out three airstrikes in the Gaza Strip, targeting a weapons cache in the north and two smuggling tunnels in the south.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=179466 IAF strikes in Gaza Strip], Jerusalem Post 25-06-2010</ref>

;June 28
:A mortar shell fired from the northern Gaza Strip landed between two [[kibbutz]]im in the Shaar Hanegev Regional Council, causing no injuries or damage. Later in the day, a militant from the [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] fired mortar shells from eastern [[Gaza City]] at Israeli soldiers operating on the Israeli side of the nearby border fence, damaging a military vehicle but causing no injuries. The man was killed on the scene by Israeli aircraft fire.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3912075,00.html IDF kills Gaza terrorist], Ynet News 28-06-2010</ref>

;June 30
:At about 4 am, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip hit a packaging factory inside a community in the [[Sdot Negev Regional Council]], badly damaging it. Israel responded with airstrikes on several targets in the Gaza Strip, including a weapons manufacturing facility in the north and a terrorist infiltration tunnel in the south. No injuries were reported.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3913486,00.html IDF strikes 3 targets in Gaza], Ynet News 01-07-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=180068 IAF strikes Gaza after Kassam attack], Jerusalem Post 01-07-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/insideisrael/2010/June/Kassam-Rocket-Heavily-Damages-Factory/ Kassam Rocket Heavily Damages Factory], CBN 01-07-2010</ref>

==July==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]], Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 13 rockets and 10 mortar shells at Israel in 17 separate attacks.<ref name=augisa>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/aug10report-en.aspx Monthly Summary - August] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110102050312/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/aug10report-en.aspx |date=2011-01-02 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

;July 24
:Four rockets and two mortar shells were fired on Israel. No injuries were reported. One of the rockets, which landed near Kibbutz [[Nahal Oz]] in the evening, was of an unknown type and appeared to have been made outside the Gaza Strip.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3924472,00.html 4 rockets fall in south; none injured], Ynet News 24-07-2010</ref> On the same day a fifth rocket was found unexploded in a kibbutz in the [[Shaar HaNegev Regional Council]] area; this rocket was thought to have been launched the previous night and to have reached Israel without setting off the Color Red alarm system.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3924355,00.html Unexploded Qassam found – thought to have been fired Friday], Ynet News 24-07-10</ref> Israel responded two days later by carrying out airstrikes on a weapons manufacturing site in the northern Gaza Strip and two weapons smuggling tunnels in the South.<ref>[http://www.aurora-israel.co.il/articulos/israel/Conflicto/30664/ The Israeli Army bombs targets in Gaza] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100801065922/http://www.aurora-israel.co.il/articulos/israel/Conflicto/30664/ |date=2010-08-01 }}, Aurora (''Spanish'') 26-07-2010</ref><ref>[http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/today/10/07/2601.htm In Response to Rocket and Mortar Fire, IAF Targets Weapons Manufacturing Site and Smuggling Tunnels in Gaza Strip] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324145601/http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/today/10/07/2601.htm |date=2012-03-24 }}, IDF Official Website 26-07-2010</ref>

;July 30
:Just after 8:30 am, a [[Grad missile]] fired from [[Beit Hanoun]] exploded in a residential neighborhood in the heart of the Israeli resort city of [[Ashkelon]]. Eight people suffered shock. Two empty floors of an apartment building, several cars and a nearby pavement sustained damage, while many windows were shattered. The Color Red alert system was heard across the city prior to the rocket landing allowing residents to enter protected areas. Police urged residents to remain indoors for fear of additional attacks. Ashkelon Mayor Benny Vaknin and the local parents' committee expressed unwillingness to begin the school year until children were protected from rockets with fortifications. [[Hamas]] claimed responsibility for the attack. United Nations Middle East envoy [[Robert Serry]] said indiscriminate rocket fire against civilians was completely unacceptable, and constituted a terrorist attack.

:Around 12:30 pm, two additional mortar shells struck a location variously reported as in the [[Sha'ar Hanegev Regional Council]] or the [[Eshkol Regional Council]].<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3927241,00.html Rocket explodes in heart of Ashkelon], Ynet News 30-07-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?ID=183123 Grad missile lands in Ashkelon], Jerusalem Post 30-07-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/gaza-rocket-strikes-ashkelon-two-mortar-shells-hit-west-negev-1.304966 Gaza rocket strikes Ashkelon, two mortar shells hit west Negev], Haaretz 30-07-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/hamas-vows-revenge-after-israel-kills-commander-in-gaza-strike-1.304966 Hamas vows revenge after Israel kills commander in Gaza strike], Haaretz 31-07-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/world/2010/0731/1224275906571.html Israel pledges response to missile attack from Gaza], Irish Times 31-07-2010</ref>

:Israel responded that night with airstrikes on a Hamas site in the northern Gaza Strip, a weapons manufacturing warehouse in the center of the territory, and a weapons smuggling tunnel in the South. The second strike, near [[Nuseirat]], killed senior Hamas military commander and rocket maker [[Issa al-Batran]], and wounded nine. Hamas vowed revenge for al-Batran's death.<ref name=public/><ref name=time>[https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/gaza-rocket-strikes-southern-israel-for-second-time-in-24-hours-1.305191 Gaza rocket strikes southern Israel for second time in 24 hours], Haaretz 31-07-2010</ref><ref>[http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/Press+Releases/10/07/3101.htm In Response to Grad Rocket Fire, IAF Targets Hamas Terror Infrastructure in Gaza Strip] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324145641/http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/Press+Releases/10/07/3101.htm |date=2012-03-24 }}, IDF Spokesperson's website, 31-07-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.aurora-israel.co.il/articulos/israel/Newsletter/30798/ The Israeli Army bombs terrorist targets in Gaza] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227071257/https://www.aurora-israel.co.il/articulos/israel/Newsletter/30798/ |date=2021-02-27 }}, Aurora (''Spanish'') 31-07-2010</ref>

;July 31
:A Qassam rocket fired from the northern Gaza Strip directly hit the roof of a daycare center for disabled people outside of Sderot, in the [[Sha'ar Hanegev Regional Council]]. The building was empty at the time and no injuries were reported, but most of its second story was destroyed. The Color Red siren sounded prior to the explosion.<ref name=public>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3927626,00.html Gaza rocket damages public building], Ynet News 31-07-2010</ref><ref name=time/> Israel responded that night with airstrikes on two Gazan tunnels, a weapons smuggling tunnel under the Gaza-Egypt border and a tunnel under the Gaza-Israel border used to assault Israeli territory. Israel also filled a complaint to the [[United Nations]], stating that rocket attacks against civilians and civilian property constitute a [[war crime]] and a [[crime against humanity]].<ref>[http://www.aurora-israel.co.il/articulos/israel/Newsletter/30806/ Israel to the UN: attacks from Gaza sabotage peace] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305150001/https://www.aurora-israel.co.il/articulos/israel/Newsletter/30806/ |date=2021-03-05 }}, Aurora (''Spanish'') 01-08-2010</ref> As of early August, no response from the United Nations was reported.

==August==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s monthly summary, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 14 rockets and 17 mortar shells towards Israel in 19 separate attacks.<ref name=augisa/>

;August 2 {{main|Rocket attacks on Eilat and Aqaba}}
:Seven [[Grad missile]]s of [[Iran]]ian manufacture hit the resort city of [[Eilat]] at the extreme South of Israel, as well as the neighboring city of [[Aqaba]] in [[Jordan]] and surrounding areas. The missiles were determined to have been launched by [[Hamas]] militants operating in the nearby [[Sinai Peninsula]] in [[Egypt]]. In Aqaba, one Jordanian citizen was killed and three more were wounded. No injuries or damage were reported in Eilat.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=183363 Jordanian man dies in rocket attack on Eilat area], Jerusalem Post 02-08-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.asp?StoryId=1093359957 Netanyahu accuses Hamas of firing rockets from Sinai at Eilat], Kuwait News Agency 05-08-2010</ref><ref name=pa>[https://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/pa-hamas-military-chief-in-rafah-ordered-rocket-attacks-on-eilat-aqaba-1.306284 PA: Hamas military chief in Rafah ordered rocket attacks on Eilat, Aqaba], Haaretz 06-08-2010</ref>

;August 16
:Two Qassam rockets fired from the northern Gaza Strip landed in an open area in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported. The attack occurred two hours after a border incident in which two Palestinian militants attempted to place a bomb along the Israel-Gaza fence, leading to a clash in which one of the militants, senior [[Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine|Islamic Jihad]] operative Basem Da'ma, was killed and an Israeli soldier was injured.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3937711,00.html Rockets fired after IDF kills 2 Palestinians in Gaza] Ynet news 16-08-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=184962 Gaza: IDF clashes with terrorists], Jerusalem Post 16-08-2010</ref><ref name=dama>[http://www.cbn.com/cbnnews/insideisrael/2010/August/Two-Soldiers-Injured-by-Mortar-Fire/ Two Soldiers Injured by Mortar Fire], CBN 17-08-2010</ref>

;August 17
:In the morning, militants from the [[Popular Resistance Committees]] fired two mortar shells at IDF soldiers carrying out engineering work in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]], near the area where the previous day's border incident took place. Two IDF soldiers were lightly injured. The soldiers returned fire at the source of the launches, causing no reported injuries or damage.<ref name=dama/><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=185023 2 IDF soldiers injured near Gaza], Jerusalem Post 17-08-2010</ref> Israel responded with airstrikes on a weapons workshop and three smuggling tunnels in the Gaza Strip. No injuries were reported.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120731074141/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gZmjDAPA6FIX_rSBAO0S-M3vuvLw Four Israeli airstrikes on Gaza: Palestinians], AFP 18-08-2010</ref>

;August 25
:A 60-millimeter mortar shell fired from the northern Gaza Strip exploded in an open area near a border kibbutz in the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported. The Color Red alarm did not sound.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3943872,00.html Mortar shell explodes near border fence], Ynet news 25-08-2010</ref>

==September==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s monthly summary, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 16 rockets and 23 mortar shells towards Israel in 30 separate attacks.<ref>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/sep10report-en.aspx Monthly Summary - September 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110102210448/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/sep10report-en.aspx |date=2011-01-02 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

;September 4
:A Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed in [[Sderot]]. No injuries or damage were reported. Israel responded to the attack and to [[August 2010 West Bank shooting|separate Hamas shooting attacks in the West Bank]] with airstrikes on three tunnels in the Gaza Strip: two smuggling tunnels under the border with Egypt and a kidnapping tunnel under the border with Israel. According to Hamas, two people were killed in the collapse of one of the smuggling tunnels.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/meast/09/05/israel.gaza.strikes/#fbid=jDL_oaFObE4&wom=false Two killed after Israel targets Gaza tunnels, officials say], CNN 05-09-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=187102 IDF responds to Kassam firings, West Bank shootings], Jerusalem Post 05-09-2010</ref>

;September 6
:In the morning, a mortar shell fired from the Gaza Strip landed in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=187248 Mortar shell lands in western Negev; none hurt], Jerusalem Post 06-09-2010</ref>

;September 7
:Around 2 am, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip struck [[Sderot]]. No injuries or damage were reported. The Color Red alarm sounded in Sderot and the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]].<ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/news/Gaza-rocket-strikes-Israel--no-casualties--Military/678429 Gaza rocket strikes Israel, no casualties: Military], Indian Express 07-09-2010</ref><ref name=kindergarten/><ref>[https://www.jta.org/news/article/2010/09/08/2740848/shell-from-gaza-explodes-between-nurseries Shell from Gaza explodes between nurseries], JTA 07-09-2010</ref>

;September 8
:In the morning, on the eve of the [[Jewish New Year]], a mortar shell fired from the Gaza Strip fell in a kibbutz in the southern part of the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]], exploding near several children's school buildings. One of the buildings, a kindergarten with a fortified roof but without fortified walls, was lightly damaged. The strike occurred 30 minutes before the children were due to arrive, and there were no injuries. Studies resumed normally.<ref name=kindergarten>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3951525,00.html Mortar lands near kindergarten; no injuries], Ynet News 08-09-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=187532 Mortar shell hits near school 30 minutes before class], Jerusalem Post 08-09-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/mortar-shell-from-gaza-explodes-between-two-day-care-centers-in-south-1.312902 Mortar shell from Gaza explodes between two day-care centers in south], Haaretz 08-09-2010</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100909182548/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gqtqFao4oAVqHfSQvk1Nji_6tTDA Gaza mortar narrowly misses Israel kindergarten: army], AFP 08-09-2010</ref>

;September 9
:On the first day of the Jewish New Year, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed in an open area in the [[Sdot Negev Regional Council]]. In the evening, a Qassam rocket landed in an open area in the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]]. The Color Red alarm sounded and the explosion was heard in the area. No injuries or damage were reported in either of the attacks.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=187641 Third Kassam rocket hits western Negev towns], Jerusalem Post 09-09-2010</ref> That night, Israel responded to the attacks of the day and of the previous day with airstrikes on at least four terror-related targets in the Gaza Strip, including a [[Hamas]] headquarters in [[Gaza City]] and a smuggling tunnel in the southern part of the territory.<ref>[http://www.ynet.co.il/english/articles/0,7340,L-3952114,00.html IDF strikes Gaza Strip targets], Ynet News 10-09-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynet.co.il/english/articles/0,7340,L-3952111,00.html IDF strikes in Gaza; casualties reported], Ynet News 10-09-2010</ref> Two members of the [[Hamas]] security forces were wounded.<ref>[https://archive.today/20130124184857/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jQAVvTEArlZPC-IygizcMHlKLg0A Gaza rocket strikes Israel, no casualties], AFP 12-09-2010</ref>

;September 10
:In the morning, on the second day of the Jewish New Year, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip exploded in the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=187670 4th Kassam rocket since Rosh Hashana began hits Israel], Jerusalem Post 10-09-2010</ref>

;September 12
:In the morning, two rockets fired from the Gaza Strip fell in the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]], one in a kibbutz orchard and the other in an open area. No injuries or damage were reported. The Color Red alarm failed to sound.<ref>[http://www.aurora-israel.co.il/articulos/israel/Conflicto/31702/ Two Palestinians killed in Gaza] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721135434/http://www.aurora-israel.co.il/articulos/israel/Conflicto/31702/ |date=2011-07-21 }}, ''Aurora'' (Spanish) 12-09-2010</ref><ref name=sep13/> The [[Popular Resistance Committees]] claimed responsibility, saying the action was in retaliation for Israeli attacks against Gaza civilians, without specifying what they were referring to.<ref>[http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/israeli-forces-kill-three-after-rocket-fire-from-gaza/story-e6frg6so-1225921369647 Israeli forces kill three after rocket fire from Gaza], AFP 13-09-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynet.co.il/english/articles/0,7340,L-3952660,00.html 2 Qassams explode in Negev, no injuries reported], Ynet News 112-09-2010</ref>

;September 13
:In the early morning, two Qassam rockets fired from the Gaza Strip exploded in an open area in the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported. The Color Red alarm sounded in the area. The attack followed a border incident that took place in the northern Gaza Strip the previous evening, in which one Palestinian who had raised a [[rocket launcher]] was killed by IDF soldiers along with two civilians standing by at close distance.<ref name=sep13>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3953138,00.html 2 rockets land in western Negev; none injured], Ynet News 13-09-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=187904 10th rocket hits South since High Holidays began], Jerusalem Post 13-09-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/09/13/More-Qassam-rockets-fired-at-Israel/UPI-17431284380416/ More Qassam rockets fired at Israel], UPI 13-09-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=188038 IDF: 2 Gazans killed at border Sunday were not terrorists], Jerusalem Post 14-09-2010</ref>

;September 15
:Around 1 am, two Qassam rockets were fired from the Gaza Strip. One rocket exploded in an open area within [[Ashkelon]]'s southern industrial zone. The second rocket was not located. The Color Red alarm did not sound, but the explosion was heard by Ashkelon residents. This was the first time in over a month that Gazan terrorists had fired towards the coastal city.

:Throughout the day, nine mortar bombs fired from the Gaza Strip hit open areas in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]: two fell in the early morning, four at midday and three in the afternoon. Two of the mortars were [[phosphorus bomb]]s, but police said that they posed no greater danger than regular mortars. No injuries or damage were reported in any of the attacks, which came a day after Ahmed Jaabari, leader of [[Hamas]]’ military wing, issued a statement threatening a wave of violence intended to derail the recently renewed [[Israeli-Palestinian peace talks]].

:Israel responded at midday with an airstrike on a smuggling tunnel in the southern Gaza Strip, near [[Rafah]]. According to Palestinian sources, one 21-year-old man who was in the tunnel was killed and two others were wounded.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=188145 Rocket and mortar fire from Gaza continue amidst talks], Jerusalem Post 15-09-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3954408,00.html Report: Rocket explodes in Ashkelon], Ynet News 15-09-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/two-rockets-two-mortars-fired-into-southern-israel-from-gaza-1.313949 Two rockets, two mortars fired into southern Israel from Gaza], Haaretz 15-09-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=188206 https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=188206], Jerusalem Post 15-09-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3954896,00.html Gaza attacks: Phosphorus bombs hit Israel], Ynet News 15-09-2010</ref> Israel responded again that night with airstrikes on two Gaza Strip weapons storage sites, one in the north and one in the south. No injuries were reported.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/meast/09/16/israel.gaza.airstrikes/ Israel: Weapons sites in Gaza hit], CNN 16-09-2010</ref> The Israeli government also filed a complaint to the United Nations over the phosphorus shells, as did Haim Yalin, head of the Eshkol Regional Council.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=188357 Eshkol regional council head files UN complaint], Jerusalem Post 16-09-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3955467,00.html Israel: Hamas fired phosphorous to harm peace], Ynet News 16-09-2010</ref>

;September 20
:At night, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed in an open area in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=188713 Kassam lands in western Negev; no injuries, damage], Jerusalem Post 20-09-2010</ref>

;September 21
:A few hours after Israeli Prime Minister [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] toured the rocket-stricken cities of [[Ashkelon]] and [[Sderot]], a Qassam rocket was fired from the gaza Strip at Israel. The rocket landed within the Gaza Strip, causing no injuries or damage. The Color Red alarm did not sound, but the explosion was heard by residents of a nearby Israeli kibbutz in the [[Sha'ar Hanegev Regional Council]].<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3958422,00.html Qassam fired from Gaza following Netanyahu visit], Ynet News 21-09-2010</ref>

;September 24
:At about 6 am on the second day of the Jewish [[Sukkot]] holiday, a Qassam rocket was shot from the northern Gaza Strip towards Israel. The rocket exploded within the Gaza Strip, causing no reported injuries or damage. The Color Red alarm sounded in one of the communities in the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]].<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=189112 Kassam shot at Israel lands in Gaza], Jerusalem Post 24-09-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3959305,00.html Qassam rocket explodes in PA territory], Ynet News 24-09-2010</ref>

;September 27
:At about 11:45 pm, three [[Palestinian Islamic Jihad]] militants were killed by an Israeli drone strike as they were preparing to fire rockets into Israel. The incident took place at a militant observation outpost in [[Bureij]] in the central Gaza Strip.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/meast/09/27/mideast.gaza.airstrike/ Gaza airstrike kills 3 Palestinian militants, medics say], CNN 28-09-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=189451 IDF kills 2 terrorists attempting to fire rockets at Israel], Jerusalem Post 28-09-2010</ref>

==October==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s monthly summary, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 3 rockets and 20 mortar shells towards Israel in 13 separate attacks.<ref>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/oct10report-en.aspx Monthly Summary - October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210133044/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/oct10report-en.aspx |date=2011-02-10 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

;October 2
:A mortar shell fired from the Gaza Strip exploded in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=189927 Mortar shell explodes in Eshkol Regional Council area], Jerusalem Post 02-10-2010</ref>

;October 6
:Two Qassam rockets were fired at Israel from the Gaza Strip. One exploded in an open field near a kibbutz in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. The other landed within the Gaza Strip, near the border fence. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=190427 Cabinet discusses readiness as Kassams hit South], Jerusalem Post 06-10-2010</ref> Israel responded shortly after midnight with airstrikes on a Hamas training camp in [[Gaza City]] and a second, unspecified location. Palestinian sources said four people were injured.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120614175621/http://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idAFTRE69110B20101007 Israel bombs Hamas base in Gaza, no one hurt], Reuters Africa 07-10-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3965760,00.html 4 Palestinians injured in Gaza strikes], Ynet News 07-10-2010</ref>

;October 9
:A mortar shell fired from the Gaza Strip landed in the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=190776 Mortar shell lands in Ashkelon Coast Regional Council], Jerusalem Post 10-10-2010</ref> The [[Popular Resistance Committees]] claimed responsibility for the attack, saying that it fired on Israeli soldiers who had entered [[Beit Lahiya]] in the Gaza Strip. The statement did not explain why the mortar landed in Israel.<ref>[http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=322504 Shell from Gaza lands in western Negev] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101019105246/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=322504 |date=2010-10-19 }}, Ma'an News 10-10-2010</ref>

;October 14
:A Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed in an open area south of [[Ashkelon]], causing no injuries or damage, according to ''[[The Jerusalem Post]]''<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=191365 Kassam rocket fired from Gaza lands in Ashkelon area], Jerusalem Post 14-10-2010</ref> and ''[[Nana 10]]''.<ref>[http://news.nana10.co.il/Article/?ArticleID=751743 רקטת קסאם התפוצצה מדרום לאשלקון, אין נפגעים] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727001610/http://news.nana10.co.il/Article/?ArticleID=751743 |date=2011-07-27 }}, Nana 10 14-10-2010</ref> At the same time, ''[[Ynet]]'' reported a false alarm sounding in Ashkelon,<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3969512,00.html False alarm in Ashkelon; Beinish, Ne'eman taken to shelter], Ynet News 14-10-2010</ref> though it was not clear whether this indicated that no rocket attack occurred or merely that the attack did not threaten Ashkelon. Other media and the IDF did not report a rocket attack.

;October 17
:A Hamas squad in the northern Gaza Strip was preparing to launch rockets into Israel when it was targeted in an Israeli airstrike. Two militants were killed.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=191659 1 killed in IAF strike against rocket cell in northern Gaza], Jerusalem Post 17-10-2010</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120314072022/http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCATRE69G06T20101017 Israeli air strike kills 2 militants in Gaza Strip], Reuters Canada 17-10-2010</ref>

;October 21
:In the afternoon, a mortar shell fired from the Gaza Strip exploded in an open area in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=192269 Palestinians fire mortar shell into Israel, none hurt], Jerusalem Post 21-10-2010</ref>

;October 24
:In the evening, three mortar shells were fired at Israel from the Gaza Strip. One landed in an open area in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]], and the other two exploded within the Gaza Strip. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=192619 Mortar shell explodes in Eshkol Regional Council area], Jerusalem Post 24-10-2010</ref> [[Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine|Islamic Jihad]] claimed responsibility, saying it had fired four mortar shells toward an Israeli force operating in [[Al-Qarara]] in the Gaza Strip.<ref>[http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=327207 Gaza: Brigade fires mortar shells at Israeli force] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921052616/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=327207 |date=2012-09-21 }}, Ma'an News 25-10-2010</ref> No actual Israeli activity in the area was reported in the media or by the IDF.

;October 25
:In the late morning, five mortar shells were fired at Israel from the Gaza Strip. Two shells landed in open areas in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]], and the other three landed in open areas within the Gaza Strip. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=192689 Palestinians fire 5 mortar shells from Gaza; none hurt], Jerusalem Post 25-10-2010</ref>

;October 27
:A mortar shell fired from the Gaza Strip exploded in an open area near a kibbutz in the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3975779,00.html Report: Islamic Jihad man killed in Gaza], Ynet News 27-10-2010</ref>

;October 28
:In the afternoon, a mortar shell fired from the Gaza Strip landed in an open area in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=193134 Palestinians in Gaza fire mortar shell at South; none hurt], Jerusalem Post 28-10-2010</ref>

;October 30
:Two mortar shells fired from the Gaza Strip landed in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=193336 2 mortar shells fired from Gaza into southern Israel], Jerusalem Post 30-10-2010</ref>

==November==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s monthly summary, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 5 rockets and 28 mortar shells at Israel in 16 separate attacks.<ref>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/nov10report-en.aspx Monthly Summary - November 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110126160101/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/nov10report-en.aspx |date=2011-01-26 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

;November 6
:In the morning, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip hit an open area in the [[Sdot Negev Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3980351,00.html Qassam hits Negev; no injuries], Ynet News 06-11-2010</ref> The [[Popular Resistance Committees]] claimed responsibility.<ref>[http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/140519 IAF Strike Halted Twice So as not to Hurt Civilians], Israel National News 16-11-2010</ref> Israel responded with two airstrikes, one targeting smuggling tunnels under the Gaza-Egypt border and another on a site in [[Khan Yunis]]. Palestinians said one person was hurt by broken glass in the first strike.<ref>[https://montrealgazette.com/news/world/Palestinian+hurt+Israeli+Gaza+raids+after+rocket+strike/3789379/story.html Palestinian hurt in Israeli Gaza raids after rocket strike]{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, AFP 06-11-2010</ref>

;November 9
:In the late morning, two mortar shells were fired at Israel from the Gaza Strip. One landed in an open area in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]], and the other landed within the Strip. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=194612 Palestinians fire 2 mortar shells at South; none hurt], Jerusalem Post 09-11-2010</ref>

;November 16
:In the early afternoon, a Qassam rocket was found in a field of [[kibbutz]] in the [[Sdot Negev Regional Council]]. The rocket was thought to have been fired during the night. No injuries were reported, but significant damage was caused.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=195548 Kassam found at Kibbutz Sdot Hanegev near Gaza], Jerusalem Post 16-11-2010</ref>

;November 18
:In the afternoon, three mortar shells fired from the Gaza Strip hit open areas in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=195849 3 mortar shells shot into Israel from Gaza], Jerusalem Post 18-11-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=334112 Mortar shells from Gaza hit Israel, no injuries] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921052956/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=334112 |date=2012-09-21 }}, Maan News 18-11-2010</ref>

:In the evening, a Qassam rocket fired from the central Gaza Strip hit an open area, also in the Eshkol Regional Council. No injuries or damage were reported. Both attacks occurred the same day that the [[Army of Islam (Gaza Strip)|Army of Islam]], a Gazan group linked to [[al-Qaeda]], released a statement saying that "aggressor [[Jews]]" will not be safe from rockets and other attacks until they "leave the land of [[Palestine]]".<ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3986878,00.html Rocket explodes in southern Israel], Ynet News 18-11-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=195924 Kassam fired from central Gaza; explodes in open field], Jerusalem Post 18-11-2010</ref>

;November 19
:During the night, two Palestinian Qassam rockets landed in the [[Merhavim Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref name=file/>

:The escalation in rocket attacks continued when at around 3:15 am, a [[Grad rocket]] fired from the Gaza Strip exploded next to a cattle shed in the Merhavim Regional Council, slightly north of [[Ofakim]]. Three cows were injured and the cattle shed sustained damage. No human injuries were reported.<ref name=ofakim>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3986912,00.html Grad rocket explodes near Ofakim] Ynet News 19-11-2010</ref>

:At around 4:30 am, a Palestinian Qassam rocket fired in the direction of the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]] fell within the Gaza Strip. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref name=ofakim/>

:In the afternoon, three Palestinian mortar shells hit open areas in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref name=phos/>

:An hour later, four Palestinian [[white phosphorus]] mortar shells hit open areas in the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported. The [[Popular Resistance Committees]] claimed responsibility, stating that the attack was in response to the IDF assassination of two militant leaders of the [[Army of Islam (Gaza Strip)|Army of Islam]], an [[al-Qaeda]] affiliated group, earlier that week.<ref name=file>[https://www.jpost.com/Israel/Article.aspx?id=196019 FM tells UN envoy to file complaint on Gaza rockets], Jerusalem Post 19-11-2010</ref><ref name=phos>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3987012,00.html Phosphorous fired from Gaza], Ynet News 19-11-2010</ref>

:Israel responded that evening with airstrikes on three terror-related targets in the Gaza Strip: a deserted building in [[Deir al-Balah]] and two sites in [[Khan Yunis]], one of which was an [[Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine|Islamic Jihad]] training base. Palestinians said that six people were injured in the Deir al-Balah strike. Just before midnight, Israel carried out an additional airstrike on a smuggling tunnel in the southern part of the Strip, causing no injuries. Israel also filed an official complaint with the United Nations.<ref name=file/><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3987132,00.html Israel complains to UN over rocket fire], Ynet News 20-11-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3987110,00.html Air Force bombs Gaza tunnels], Ynet News 19-11-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6AI5BQ20101119 Israel planes hit Gaza targets after rocket fire], Reuters 19-11-2010</ref>

;November 28
:A Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip exploded in mid-air in the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/NationalNews/Article.aspx?id=197068 IDF gunfire injures 4 in Gaza, Palestinians say], Jerusalem Post 28-11-2010</ref><ref>[https://archive.today/20130124210916/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jMpEvDcSJKbuvU9CXPhXpf5GQJFw?docId=CNG.8c5c3993a398273a59cc7c17c0293146.1e1 Israeli gunfire wounds four Gazans: medics], AFP 28-11-2010</ref>

==December==
According to the [[Israel Security Agency]]'s monthly summary, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip launched 15 rockets and 38 mortar shells towards Israel in 30 separate attacks.<ref>[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/dec10reprot-e.aspx Monthly Summary - December 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320063319/http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/EnTerrorData/Reports/Pages/dec10reprot-e.aspx |date=2011-03-20 }}, Israel Security Agency</ref>

;December 6
:After nightfall, a Qassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed in an open area near [[Ashkelon]], in the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]]. The Color Red alarm sounded in the city and in surrounding communities, and residents were instructed to enter fortified rooms. No injuries or damage were reported. The [[Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] (PFLP) claimed responsibility for the attack, declaring that the projectile marked the anniversary of the PFLP's establishment and that the group would continue to oppose "Israel's occupation".<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=198274 Kassam fired at Ashkelon from Gaza, none reported hurt], Jerusalem Post 06-12-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=339669 Gaza brigade claims projectile fired toward Israel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101210070748/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=339669 |date=2010-12-10 }}, Ma'an News 06-12-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3995988,00.html IDF bombs Gaza tunnel, weapons cache], Ynet News 08-12-2010</ref>

;December 7
:Two mortar shells fired from the Gaza Strip exploded in an open area in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=198400 Mortar shells from Gaza explode in Eshkol; no injuries], Jerusalem Post 07-12-2010</ref> That night, Israel responded to the attack and to the previous day's rocket attack with airstrikes on a weapons warehouse and a smuggling tunnel in the southern Gaza Strip. No injuries were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=198464 IAF strikes warehouse, tunnel in southern Gaza Strip], 08-12-2010</ref>

;December 8
:In the afternoon, a mortar shell fired from the Gaza Strip landed in the [[Shaar Hanegev Regional Council]], damaging a home in an unidentified [[kibbutz]]. No injuries were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=198529 Mortar shell fired at Sha'ar Hanegev; none hurt], Jerusalem Post 08-12-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/12/08/Mortar-shell-fired-at-southern-Israel/UPI-64271291815133/ Mortar shell fired at southern Israel], UPI 08-12-2010</ref><ref name=wounded/>

:Around 11 pm, Palestinians fired five mortar shells from the northern Gaza Strip into the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. Near [[Kerem Shalom]], a man suffered light wounds to his upper body from one of the mortars. After being treated by IDF forces on the scene, he was airlifted to the [[Soroka Medical Center]]. Local residents were instructed to enter fortified areas.<ref name=wounded>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3996581,00.html Israeli wounded in mortar attack on Negev], Ynet News 09-12-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Defense/Article.aspx?ID=198615 Four to five mortar shells fired from Gaza, one injured]</ref>

:Israel responded overnight with airstrikes on a Hamas weapons facility in the central Gaza Strip, a Hamas training site in the East and an empty structure in [[Al-Mughraqa]], south of [[Gaza City]]. No injuries were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Defense/Article.aspx?id=198658 IAF hits 3 Gaza Strip targets in response to mortars], Jerusalem Post 09-12-2010</ref><ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110723125913/http://www.paltelegraph.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7683:Israeli-F-16-jets-hit-several-targets-in-Gaza&catid=58:gaza-strip&Itemid=134 Israeli F-16 jets hit several targets in Gaza]}}, The Palestine Telegraph 09-12-2010</ref>

;December 11
:Palestinians fired a Qassam rocket from the Gaza Strip into an open field near a [[kibbutz]] in the [[Sha'ar Hanegev Regional Council]]. The Color Red alarm sounded in the area. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=198962 Kassam rocket lands in open field near Gaza, none hurt], Jerusalem Post 11-12-2010</ref>

;December 18
:East of [[Deir al-Balah]] in the central Gaza Strip, five militants from [[Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine|Islamic Jihad]] and the [[Popular Resistance Committees]] were killed by an Israeli airstrike as they were preparing to fire rockets into Israel.<ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/israeli-air-strike-kills-five-palestinian-militants-in-gaza-1.331351 Israeli air strike kills five Palestinian militants in Gaza], Reuters (reprinted in Ha'aretz) 18-12-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Defense/Article.aspx?id=200036 IAF strikes Gaza terrorists attempting to launch rockets], Jerusalem Post 19-12-2010</ref>

;December 19
:Palestinians fired two mortar shells from the Gaza Strip into the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=200128 Mortar shells fired from Gaza hits Eshkol Regional Council], Jerusalem Post 19-12-2010</ref>

:In the evening, Palestinians fired two additional mortar shells from the Gaza Strip into the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=200145 Two mortars explode in Hof Ashkelon Regional Council], Jerusalem Post 19-12-2010</ref>

:The [[Popular Resistance Committees]] claimed responsibility for mortars fired into Israel that day, saying it had fired nine shells at a group of tanks near [[Kerem Shalom]] and two mortars at an army post. The group said the attack was in response to "Israeli crimes", citing an airstrike against its militants the previous day (see above). However, the [[Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine]] also said it fired three mortars at an Israeli army base that day in retaliation for the same airstrike.<ref>[http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=343638 Armed groups in Gaza claim attacks on Israel] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921053558/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=343638 |date=2012-09-21 }}, Ma'an News Agency 20-12-2010</ref>

;December 20
:In the afternoon, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip fired seven mortar shells into the [[Eshkol Regional Council]].<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Defense/Article.aspx?id=200255 7 mortar shells fired at Eshkol regional council from Gaza], Jerusalem Post 20-12-2010</ref>

:Several hours later, Palestinians fired two or three additional mortar shells at open areas in unspecified regions in Israel. No injuries or damage were reported in either barrage.<ref>[https://archive.today/20130124160002/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hGJKxt-5qoxruSDH3T7mBc95iTsQ?docId=CNG.ee25ddd77a084f6010da206b06b2fe81.7b1 Gaza militants fire mortar shells into Israel], AFP 20-12-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=200317 3 mortar shells fired from Gaza Strip into Israel], Jerusalem Post 20-12-2010</ref>

:The [[Popular Resistance Committees]] claimed responsibility for mortar firing that day, saying it had fired ten shells at a military site in retaliation for the Israeli airstrike of 18 December (see above).<ref>[http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=343864 Group claims new mortar attack on Israeli target] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921053628/http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=343864 |date=2012-09-21 }}, Ma'an News Agency 20-12-2010</ref> Israel responded overnight with airstrikes on seven alleged terror targets in the Gaza Strip, which it detailed as: three [[Hamas]]-operated tunnels in the north, and an additional Hamas-operated tunnel, a smuggling tunnel, a weapons manufacturing facility and a terror activity center in the south. According to Palestinians, two Hamas militants were injured, but the accuracy of this report was unclear.<ref>[http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/12/21/Israeli-warplanes-strike-Gaza-targets/UPI-90801292920200/ Israeli warplanes strike Gaza targets], UPI 21-12-2010</ref><ref>[https://archive.today/20120904141351/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iAQsKhM64MnPNrC4DFQl26_y79bw?docId=CNG.fb7c634db68c10a8419a5de9e7e476e1.91 Rocket fired from Gaza falls near kindergarten], AFP 21-12-2010</ref>

;December 21
:At about 8 am, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip fired a Qassam rocket at Kibbutz [[Zikim]] in the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]]. The projectile exploded several yards from a kindergarten as parents were bringing their children to it. No one was hurt at the preschool, but a 14-year-old girl in a nearby building was moderately injured in the leg by flying glass. Several other people suffered from shock. A staff member said the children would not be evacuated because the kindergarten was inside a [[bomb shelter]] to begin with. The [[Army of Islam (Gaza Strip)|Army of Islam]], a group espousing [[mujahideen|global jihad]] and affiliated with [[al-Qaeda]], claimed responsibility for the attack. The group said that it was responding "to the massacres committed by the Zionist enemy", citing an Israeli attack that killed three of the group's militants the previous month.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=200408 Army of Islam claim responsibility for Kassam fire in Negev], Jerusalem Post 21-12-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4002366,00.html IDF chief: Gaza reality explosive], Ynet News 21-12-2010</ref><ref>[http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/12/21/Rocket-explodes-near-Israeli-kindergarten/UPI-11441292936139/ Rocket explodes near Israeli kindergarten], UPI 21-12-2010</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101223122352/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/38410267/ns/world_news-mideastn_africa/ Kindergarten near-miss highlights Gaza risks], Reuters (published in MSNBC 21-12-2010</ref> Israel responded that evening with an airstrike on a Hamas training camp in the southern Gaza Strip.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Defense/Article.aspx?id=200423 IDF predicts violence to subside despite Gaza pounding], Jerusalem Post 21-12-2010</ref> The events sparked concerned speculation of an imminent escalation of violence.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=200544 Meridor: I hope another Cast Lead won't be necessary], Jerusalem Post 22-12-2010</ref><ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Default.aspx PA fears new Israeli offensive on Gaza, Erekat says], Jerusalem Post 22-12-2010</ref> Jerusalem also submitted a complaint to the [[United Nations Security Council]].<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/DiplomacyAndPolitics/Article.aspx?id=200525 Israel submits complaint to UN on continued Gaza attacks], Jerusalem Post 22-12-2010</ref> UN Middle East envoy [[Robert Serry]] condemned the "firing of indiscriminate mortars and rockets by militant groups in Gaza at Israel which has escalated in recent days", adding that "these attacks are in clear violation of international humanitarian law and endanger civilians in Israel". Serry said that Israel has a right to self defense but urged Jerusalem "to exercise maximum restraint and take every precaution to ensure that its forces do not endanger civilians in Gaza".<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=200554 UN Middle East envoy: Israel has right to self defense], Jerusalem Post 22-12-2010</ref>

;December 24
:In the morning, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip fired a mortar shell which hit an open area in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=200855 Mortar shell lands in Eshkol regional council; no injuries], Jerusalem Post 24-12-2010</ref>

:In the early evening, Palestinians fired a Qassam rocket that landed in an open area in the [[Ashkelon Coast Regional Council]], near [[Ashkelon]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=200902 IDF hits Gaza targets after Kassam lands near Ashkelon], AP (published in the Jerusalem Post 25-12-2010)</ref>

:Israel responded to the attacks overnight with airstrikes on four sites in the Gaza Strip: three strikes targeting smuggling tunnels under the border with Egypt and one strike targeting a car as it was pulling up near a site used by Hamas' military wing, in which two occupants were injured. [[Adham Abu Selmiya]], a spokesman for the Hamas-run medical services said the two men were civilians. However, witnesses said they appeared to be militants.<ref>[http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/today/10/12/2601.htm IAF Hit Smuggling Tunnel and Terror Center Targets in Gaza Strip in Response to Continued Rocket Fire] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227235057/http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/today/10/12/2601.htm |date=2010-12-27 }}, IDF Spokesperson 26-12-2010</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101228081020/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h0O5YDrAYw_F9TBHqeXp1_IR5WBQ?docId=CNG.445614837f895a6d45ac08b65c212dc7.3f1 Israeli airstrikes hit Gaza after rocket attack], AFP 25-12-2010</ref>

;December 26
:In the late morning, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip fired two rockets at the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120908080700/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hwHQZE2g9lRbIuQWHYW17RPEB7cw?docId=CNG.78e0d6ea454a7aaf3314a8dbd2c58027.6c1 Militants killed as violence surges on Gaza border], AFP 27-12-2010</ref>

;December 30
:After nightfall, a Qassam rocket fired by Palestinians in the Gaza Strip hit an open area in the [[Eshkol Regional Council]]. No injuries or damage were reported.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/Headlines/Article.aspx?id=201645 Kassam rocket hits Eshkol region; no injuries], Jerusalem Post 31-12-2010</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H2fAHHJ5ybU Gaza Rocket Kills Thai Farm Worker in Israel], [[Associated Press]] video on [[YouTube]]
* [https://www.hrw.org/en/news/2010/03/19/gaza-end-impunity-indiscriminate-rocket-attacks Gaza: End Impunity for Indiscriminate Rocket Attacks], statement by [[Human Rights Watch]]
* [http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Terrorism-+Obstacle+to+Peace/Memorial/2010/Victims/Manee_Singmueangphon.htm Memorial to Manee Singmueangphon], [[Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs]]
* [http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/today/10/08/1203.htm Rockets From Gaza Continue to be Fired at Israel in 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100816162915/http://dover.idf.il/IDF/English/News/today/10/08/1203.htm |date=2010-08-16 }}, [[Israel Defense Forces|IDF]] Official Website

{{Gaza crisis}}

[[Category:Lists of Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel|2010]]
[[Category:History of Hamas]]
[[Category:2010 in Palestine]]
[[Category:Terrorist incidents in Israel in 2010]]
[[Category:Nationalist terrorist incidents in the 2010s]]

List of Telugu films of 2019

2026-03-03T23:54:04Z

PrakashBar:

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Tollywood films}}
This is a list of Telugu films released in the year 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/movies/january-2019.html|title=Telugu upcoming releases|website=Filmibeat}}</ref>

== Box office collection ==
The [[List of highest-grossing Telugu films]] released in 2019, by worldwide [[box office]] [[gross revenue]], are as follows.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto; margin:auto;"
|+Highest worldwide gross of 2019
! Rank
! Title
! Production company
! Worldwide gross
! Ref
|-
! style="text-align:center;" | 1
| style="text-align:center;" |''[[Saaho]]''
| {{ubl|UV Creations|[[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]}}
| ₹450{{ndash}}460 crore
| <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/saaho-final-worldwide-collections-prabhas-film-becomes-indias-biggest-earner-of-2019/articleshow/71406326.cms|title='Saaho' final worldwide collections: Prabhas' film becomes India's biggest earner of 2019|website=The Times of India|date=2 October 2019|access-date=13 January 2020}}</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:center;" | 2
| style="text-align:center;" | ''[[Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy]]''
| [[Konidela Production Company]]
| {{INRConvert|240.6|c|}}
| <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/sye-raa-narasimha-reddy-50-day-box-office-collection-chiranjeevi-film-incurs-over-rs-50-crore-809063|title=Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy 50-day box office collection: Chiranjeevi film incurs over Rs 50 crore losses|website=International Business Times|date=21 November 2019|access-date=16 February 2020}}</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:center;" | 3
| style="text-align:center;" | ''[[Maharshi (2019 film)|Maharshi]]''
| [[Sri Venkateswara Creations]] [[Vyjayanthi Movies]] [[PVP Cinema]]
| {{INR|175 crore}}{{ndash}}{{INR|200 crore}} (US${{To USD|1682|IND|Year=2019}}{{ndash}}{{To USD|2000|IND|Year=2019}} million)
| <ref>{{Cite web|last=Hooli|first=Shekhar H.|date=2019-12-22|title=Tollywood Box office report - 2019: Highest grossing Telugu movies of the year|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/tollywood-box-office-report-2019-highest-grossing-telugu-movies-year-810648|access-date=2020-07-07|website=International Business Times, India Edition|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/sarileru-neekevvaru-box-office-mahesh-babu-s-film-collects-rs-103-crore-in-4-days/story-NbKjBX0WvLIZsSfFg67zbP.html|title=Maharshi, which grossed over Rs 200 crore at the box-office|website=Hindustan Times|date=14 January 2020|access-date=16 February 2020}}</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:center;" | 4
| style="text-align:center;" |''[[F2: Fun and Frustration]]''

| [[Sri Venkateswara Creations]]
| {{INRConvert|129.2|c|}}
| <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/f2-box-office-collection-day-20-fun-frustration-grosses-rs-120-crore-3-weeks-791150|title=F2 box office collection day 20: Fun and Frustration grosses Rs 120 crore in 3 weeks|website=International Business Times|date=2019-02-01|access-date=2019-12-16}}</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:center;" | 5
| style="text-align:center;" |''[[Vinaya Vidheya Rama]]''
| [[DVV Entertainments]]
| {{INRConvert|97.90|c|}}
| <ref>{{cite web |date=14 Feb 2019 |title=Vinaya Vidheya Rama Box Office Collection |url=https://www.sacnilk.com/news/Vinaya_Vidheya_Rama_Box_Office_Collection_Day_Wise_Worldwide |access-date=2024-04-18 |website=Sacnilk}}</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:center;" | 6
| style="text-align:center;" |''[[iSmart Shankar]]''
| People's Media Factory Mama Jagannadh Touring Talkies
| {{INRConvert|78-85|c|}}
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.zeebiz.com/india/news-ismart-shankar-box-office-collection-till-now-blockbuster-ram-pothineni-puri-jagannadh-movie-earns-rs-63-crores-in-9-days-106803|title=iSmart Shankar box office collection till now: BLOCKBUSTER! Ram Pothineni, Puri Jagannadh movie earns Rs 63 crores in 9 days!|website=Zee Business|date=2019-07-27|access-date=2019-12-16}}</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:center;" | 7
| style="text-align:center;" |''[[Majili]]''
| {{ubl|Shine Screens||}}
| {{INRConvert|75.9|c|}}
| <ref>{{Cite tweet |user=SureshProdns |number=1210158727371771905 |url=https://twitter.com/SureshProdns/status/1210158727371771905 |title=THE LOVE JUST KEEPS GROWING BIG at the BO..... 🔥🔥🔥🔥 #VenkyMama #BlockBusterVenkyMama |author=Suresh Productions |date=26 December 2019 |access-date=26 December 2019}}</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:center;" | 8
| style="text-align:center;" |''[[Venky Mama]]''
|[[Suresh Productions]]
| {{INRConvert|72|c|}}
| <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/majili-box-office-collection-chaysam-film-debuts-amazon-prime-after-earning-rs-40-crores-worldwide-797562 |title=Majili has collected over Rs 70 crore gross at the worldwide box office in 30 days and earned Rs 40 crore for its distributors |website=International Business Times |date=2019-05-12 |access-date=2019-12-26}}</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:center;" | 9
| style="text-align:center;" |''[[Prati Roju Pandage]]''
| UV Creation
[[GA2 Pictures]]
| {{INRConvert|65|c|}}
| <ref>{{cite web |date= |title=Prati Roju Pandage |url=https://filmyfocus.com/movies/prati-roju-pandage |access-date=2024-04-18 |website=FilmyFocus}}</ref>
|-
! style="text-align:center;" | 10
| style="text-align:center;" |''[[Jersey (2019 film)|Jersey]]''
| Sithara Entertainments
| {{INRConvert|52|c|}}
| <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/tollywood/nanis-jersey-movie-total-worldwide-box-office-collection-report-530366 |title=Nani's Jersey movie total worldwide box office collection report |website=The Hans India |date=2019-05-18 |access-date=2019-12-16}}</ref>
|-
|}

== January – June ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- style="background:#blue; text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" |Opening
! style="width:17%;"| Title
! style="width:15%;"|'''Director'''
! Cast !! Production !! Ref
|- January!
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;background:#ffa07a;textcolor:#000;" |'''J A N'''
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ffdacc;"|'''4'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''Ajay Passayyad''|| Prem Deepak || Aman Singh, Jhansi, Sivannarayana || Bharatam Creations ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/ajay-passayyadu/ET00093158|title=Ajay Passayyadu|website=BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/ajay-passayyadu/ET00093158|title=Ajay Passayyadu Telugu movie (2019)|publisher=BookMyShow|date=4 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Natana''|| Bharathi Babu || Mahidar, Sravya Rao, [[Raghu Babu]], [[Prabhas Sreenu]]|| Sree Kubhera Art Creations ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/natana/ET00093207|title=Natana|website=BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/natana/ET00093207|title=Natana Telugu movie (2019)|publisher=BookMyShow|date=4 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#ffdacc;"|'''9'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[N.T.R: Kathanayakudu]]''|| [[Krish (director)|Krish]] || {{hlist|[[Nandamuri Balakrishna]]|[[Vidya Balan]]|[[Rana Daggubati]]|[[Sumanth]]|[[Rakul Preet Singh]]|[[Nithya Menen]]|[[Hansika Motwani]]}} ||{{hlist|NBK Films|[[Vaaraahi Chalana Chitram]]|Vibri Media}} ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/ntr-kathanayakudu/ET00069432|title=NTR Kathanayakudu|website=BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/ntr-kathanayakudu/ET00069432|title=NTR Kathanayakudu Telugu movie (2019)|publisher=BookMyShow|date=9 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#ffdacc;"|'''11'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Vinaya Vidheya Rama]]'' || [[Boyapati Srinu]] || [[Ram Charan]], [[Vivek Oberoi]], [[Kiara Advani]], [[Prashanth]], [[Sneha (actress)|Sneha]]||[[DVV Danayya|DVV Entertainment]] || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/vinaya-vidheya-rama/ET00087811|title=Vinaya Vidheya Rama|website=BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/vinaya-vidheya-rama/ET00087811|title=Vinaya Vidheya Rama Telugu movie (2019)|publisher=BookMyShow|date=11 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#ffdacc;"|'''12'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[F2: Fun and Frustration]]'' || [[Anil Ravipudi]] || [[Venkatesh (actor)|Venkatesh]], [[Varun Tej]], [[Tamannaah Bhatia]], [[Mehreen Pirzada]], [[Prakash Raj]], [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]], [[Rajendra Prasad (actor)|Rajendra Prasad]], [[Vennela Kishore]] ||[[Sri Venkateswara Creations]] ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/f2/ET00073063|title=F2 – Fun and Frustration|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdacc;"|'''25'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Kothaga Maa Prayanam'' || Ramana Mogili || Yamini Bhaskar, Priyanth, Bhanu, Karunya Chowdhary, [[Jeeva (Telugu actor)|Jeeva]], Giridhar || Srinidhi Studios ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/kothaga-maa-prayanam/ET00094691|title=Kothaga Maa Prayanam|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Mr. Majnu]]'' || Venky Atluri ||{{hlist|[[Akhil Akkineni]]|[[Nidhhi Agerwal]]|[[Izabelle Leite]]|Kailash Reddy|Raja Chembolu|[[Naga Babu]]|[[Subbaraju]]|[[Rao Ramesh]]|[[Jayaprakash (actor)|Jayaprakash]]|[[Ajay (actor)|Ajay]]}} ||[[Sri Venkateswara Cine Chitra]] ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/mr-majnu/ET00091200|title=Mr. Majnu|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|- February!
| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center; background:#dcc7df; textcolor:#000;" | '''F E B'''
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#ede3ef;"|'''1'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Akkadokaduntadu'' || Sri Paada Viswak || Siva Kantamaneni, Ram Karthik, [[Vinod Kumar Alva]], [[Ravi Babu]] || LightHouse Cine Magic ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/akkadokaduntadu/ET00095092?fbrefresh=1|title=Akkadokaduntadu Movie (2019) – Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|last=BookMyShow|website=BookMyShow|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Bichagada Majaka'' || K. S. Nageswara Rao || Arjun Reddy, Neha Deshpande, [[Suman (actor)|Suman]], [[Babu Mohan]] || Variety Movie Makers ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/bitchagaada-majaaka/ET00095219?fbrefresh=1|title=Bitchagaada Majaaka Movie (2019) – Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|last=BookMyShow|website=BookMyShow|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Gamer'' || Rajesh Tadakala || Sraneeth Raj, Kalyani Patel || ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/gamer-telugu/ET00095222?fbrefresh=1|title=Gamer (Telugu) Movie (2019) – Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|last=BookMyShow|website=BookMyShow|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Sakala Kala Vallabhudu'' || Siva Ganesh || Tanishq Reddy, Meghla Muktha, [[Suman (actor)|Suman]], [[Jeeva (Telugu actor)|Jeeva]] || Simha Films ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/sakala-kala-vallabhudu/ET00095200?fbrefresh=1|title=Sakala Kala Vallabhudu Movie (2019) – Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|last=BookMyShow|website=BookMyShow|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#ede3ef;"|'''8'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Yatra (2019 film)|Yatra]]''|| [[Mahi V. Raghav]] || [[Mammootty]], [[Suhasini Maniratnam]], [[Jagapathi Babu]] ||[[70mm Entertainments]] ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/yatra/ET00073146|title=Yatra|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#ede3ef;"|'''22'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[4 Letters]]'' || [[R. Raghuraj]] || Eeshwar, Tuya Chakraborthy, [[Posani Krishna Murali]], [[Ankeeta R Maharana|Anikitha Maharaana]] || Om Sri Chakra Creations ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/4-letters/ET00096363|title=4 Letters|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Mithai (film)|Mithai]]''|| Prashant Kumar || [[Priyadarshi Pullikonda]], [[Kamal Kamaraju]], Swetaa Verma, Gayatri Gupta || Red Ants Cinema ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/mithai/ET00086425|title=Mithai|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[N.T.R: Mahanayakudu]]'' || [[Krish (director)|Krish]] || [[Nandamuri Balakrishna]], [[Vidya Balan]], [[Rana Daggubati]] || NBK Films [[Vaaraahi Chalana Chitram]] Vibri Media ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/ntr-mahanayakudu/ET00085717|title=NTR Mahanayakudu|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Prementha Panichese Narayana''|| Jonnalagadda Srinivasa Rao || Harikrishna Jonnalagadda, Akshitha, Jhansi || JSR Movies ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/prementha-panichese-narayana/ET00083666|title=Prementha Panichese Narayana |website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|- March!
| rowspan="19" style="text-align:center; background:#98fb98; textcolor:#000;" | '''M A R'''
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#a8e4bc;"|'''1'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Akkadokaduntadu'' || Sri Paada Viswaak || Ram Karthik, [[Vinod Kumar Alva]], [[Ravi Babu]], Alekhaaya, Siva Harish || Light House Cine Magic ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/akkadokaduntadu/ET00095092|title=Akkadokaduntadu Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Crazy Crazy Feeling]]'' || Sanjai Kartik || [[Viswant Duddumpudi]], [[Palak Lalwani]] || Vignatha Films ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/ahmedabad/movies/crazy-crazy-feeling/ET00097244|title = Crazy Crazy Feeling (2019) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in ahmedabad - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| [[118 (film)|''118'']] || [[K. V. Guhan]] || [[Kalyan Ram]], [[Nivetha Thomas]], [[Shalini Pandey]] || East Coast Production ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/118/ET00090018|title=118|website=BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/regional/kalyan-ram-s-118-to-release-on-march-1-2169953.html|title=Kalyan Ram's '118' to release on March 1|date=11 January 2019|website=Zee News|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#a8e4bc;"|'''13'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Eureka'' || Karteek Anand || Karteek Anand, [[Dimple Hayathi]] || ||
|-
| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center; background:#a8e4bc;"|'''15'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Aa Nimisham'' || Kala Rajesh || Prasad Reddy, Ranisree || Venkateswara Digital Movies ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/aa-nimisham/ET00098599|title=Aa Nimisham Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Ashok Reddy'' || Nandi Venkat Reddy || Rajanikanthi Kathi, Rambhaa || L. V. Creative Entertainments ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/ashok-reddy/ET00098589|title=Ashok Reddy Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Bilalpur Police Station'' || Naga Sai Makham || Srinath Maganti, Saanvie Meghana, Goreti Venkanna, R. S. Nanda || M. S. Creations ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/bilalpur-police-station/ET00098363|title=Bilalpur Police Station Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''College Poragallu'' || Annam Chandrashekar || Mallikarjun, Kavitha Mahato || Manthra Arts ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/college-poragallu/ET00098672|title=College Poragallu Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Jessie'' || Ashwani Kumar. V || Abhinav Gomatam, Abhishek Maharshi, [[Ashima Narwal]] || Ekaa Art Productions ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/jessie/ET00096386|title=Jessie Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Magnet'' || Adishesha Sai Reddy || Sakshi Chowdhary, [[Posani Krishna Murali]], Jabardasth Srinu, Akshitha || Lord Shiva Creations ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/magnet/ET00098082|title=Magnet Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Manasa Vaacha'' || M. V. Prasad || Tejas, Karishna Karpal, Seema Parmar || Ganesh Creations ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/manasa-vaacha/ET00098726|title=Manasa Vaacha Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Pranam Khareedu'' || P. L. K. Reddy || Prashanth, Avantika, Taraka Ratna || S. N. Creations ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/pranam-khareedu/ET00098628|title=Pranam Khareedu Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Where Is the Venkatalakshmi]]'' || Kishore Kumar || [[Raai Laxmi]], [[Pujita Ponnada]], Ram Karthik, [[Praveen (actor)|Praveen]], [[Brahmaji]], [[Madhunandan]] || ABT Creations ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/where-is-the-venkatalakshmi/ET00096691|title=Where Is The Venkatalakshmi Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#a8e4bc;"|'''21'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Prematho Cheppana'' || Ranga Ravinder Gupta || Udaytej, [[Bhanu Sri Mehra]] || ||<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/adhrushyam/ET00099364|title=Adhrushyam |website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#a8e4bc;"|'''22'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Adhrushyam'' || Ravi Prakash Krishnamsetty || Jaan, Angana Roy, Kalpana, Jabardasth Appa Rao, R. P. Vinod || ||<ref name="auto" />
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Cheddi Gang'' || Kanagala Ramesh Chowdhary || [[Srinivasa Reddy]], [[Devan (actor)|Devan]], [[Baburaj (actor)|Baburaj]] || Raj Productions International ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/cheddi-gang/ET00099240|title=Cheddi Gang|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Vinara Sodara Veera Kumara'' || Sateesh Chandra Nadella || Srinivas Sai, Priyanka Jain, Uttej, Jhansi || Sithara Entertainments ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/vinara-sodara-veera-kumara/ET00098127|title=Vinara Sodara Veera Kumara |website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#a8e4bc;"|'''29'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Lakshmi's NTR]]''|| [[Ram Gopal Varma]] Agasthya Manju || P. Vijay Kumar, [[Yagna Shetty]], [[Sritej]] || A Company Production || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/lakshmis-ntr/ET00062836?fbrefresh=1|title=Lakshmi's NTR Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Suryakantham (film)|Suryakantham]]'' || Pranith Bramandapally || [[Niharika Konidela]], [[Rahul Vijay]], [[Shivaji Raja]], [[Suhasini Maniratnam]] || ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmistory.com/category/tollywood/|title=Suryakantham|website=BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tollybag.com/2019/01/suryakantham-teaser-niharika-konedala.html|title=Suryakantham Teaser Niharika Konedala|date=1 January 2019|website=www.tollybag.com|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
|- April!
| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center; background:#F88379; textcolor:#000;" | '''A P R'''
| rowspan="1"style="text-align:center; background:#d88579;"|'''5'''
| rowspan="1"style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Majili]]'' || Shiva Nirvana || [[Naga Chaitanya Akkineni]], [[Samantha Akkineni]], Divyansha Kaushik, [[Subbaraju]], [[Rao Ramesh]], [[Atul Kulkarni]], [[Posani Krishna Murali]] || Shine Screens ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2019-01-14/Chaitanya-Samantha-and-Shiva-Nirvana-film-Majili-Release-Date-is-on-April-5th/475249|title=Chaitanya, Samantha and Shiva Nirvana film 'Majili' Release Date is on April 5th|first=The Hans|last=India|date=14 January 2019|website=www.thehansindia.com|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d88579;"|'''6'''
| rowspan="1"style="text-align:center;"|''[[Prema Katha Chitram 2]]'' || Hari Krishna ||[[Sumanth Ashwin]], [[Nandita Swetha]] || ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/prema-katha-chitram-2/ET00092426|title=Prema Katha Chitram 2|website=BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/movies/prema-katha-chithram-2.html|title=Prema Katha Chithram 2 (2019) – Prema Katha Chithram 2 Movie – Prema Katha Chithram 2 Telugu Movie Cast & Crew, Release Date, Review, Photos, Videos|website=FilmiBeat|access-date=22 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#d88579;"|'''12'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Chitralahari (film)|Chitralahari]]'' || [[Kishore Tirumala]] ||[[Sai Dharam Tej]], [[Kalyani Priyadarshan]], [[Nivetha Pethuraj]], [[Sunil (actor)|Sunil]], [[Vennela Kishore]], [[Posani Krishna Murali]], [[Brahmaji]] ||[[Mythri Movie Makers]] || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/chitralahari/ET00094348?fbrefresh=1|title=Chitralahari Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Runam'' || Srinivas Gundareddy || Gopi Krishna, Priyanka Augustine, Mahendar, Shilpa || Bestwin Production || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/runam/ET00100628?fbrefresh=1|title=Runam Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d88579;"|'''19'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Jersey (2019 film)|Jersey]]''|| [[Gowtam Tinnanuri]] ||[[Nani (actor)|Nani]], [[Shraddha Srinath]], [[Sathyaraj]], [[Sampath Raj]], [[Harish Kalyan]], [[Viswant]] || Sithara Entertainments || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/jersey/ET00077973?fbrefresh=1|title=Jersey Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#d88579;"|'''21'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Chikati Gadilo Chithakotudu]]'' || [[Santhosh P. Jayakumar]] || [[Adith Arun]], Bhagyashree Mote, Sayantani Guhathakurta, Nikki Tamboli, [[Posani Krishna Murali]], [[Rajendran]] || Blue Ghost Pictures ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/chikati-gadilo-chithakotudu/ET00098858|title=Chikati Gadilo Chithakotudu |website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#d88579;"|'''26'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Danger Love Story'' || Shekar Chandra || Khayyum Gaurav, Adia, Madhulagna Das, Jabardasth Appa Rao || Laxmi Kanaka Varshini Creations || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/danger-love-story/ET00101402?fbrefresh=1|title=Danger Love Story Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Diksoochi]]'' || [[Dilip Kumar Salvadi]] || Dilip Kumar Salvadi, Chandni Bhagwanani, Sammeta Gandhi, [[Chatrapathi Sekhar]] || SRS Associates Private Limited || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/diksoochi/ET00099549?fbrefresh=1|title=Diksoochi Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Duppatlo Minnagu'' || [[Yandamuri Veerendranath]] || Naveen Thirthahalli, Chirashree Anchan || Chiranjeevi Films || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/duppatlo-minnagu/ET00101401?fbrefresh=1|title=Duppatlo Minnagu Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|- May!
| rowspan="12" style="text-align:center; background:#f64a8a; textcolor:#000;"| '''M A Y'''
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#ffb5da;"|'''3'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Nuvvu Thopu Raa]]'' || B. Harinath Babu || [[Sudhakar Komakula]], [[Nithya Shetty]], [[Nirosha]] || United Films || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/nuvvu-thopu-raa/ET00101190?fbrefresh=1|title=Nuvvu Thopu Raa Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Okate Life]]'' || M. Venkat || [[Jithan Ramesh|Ramesh Choudary]], Shruti Yugal, [[Suman (actor)|Suman]], Nalla Venu || Lord Venkateswara Films || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/okate-life/ET00101720?fbrefresh=1|title=Okate Life Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Rangu Paduddi'' || S. Shyam Prasad || [[Ali (actor)|Ali]], [[Raghu Babu]], Dhanraj, [[Suman Shetty]] || Manisha Arts and Media Pvt Ltd || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/rangupaduddi/ET00101577?fbrefresh=1|title=Rangupaduddi Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#ffb5da;"|'''9'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Maharshi (2019 film)|Maharshi]]''|| [[Vamsi Paidipally]] || [[Mahesh Babu]], [[Pooja Hegde]], [[Allari Naresh]], [[Jagapathi Babu]], [[Prakash Raj]]||[[Sri Venkateswara Creations]], [[Vyjayanthi Movies]], [[PVP Cinema]] ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/maharshi/ET00081372|title=Maharshi|website=BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tollybag.com/2019/05/maharshi-full-video-songs-mahesh-babu.html|title=Maharshi Full Video Songs|date=21 May 2019|website=www.tollybag.com|access-date=21 May 2019}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#ffb5da;"|'''17'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[ABCD: American Born Confused Desi (2019 film)|ABCD: American Born Confused Desi]]'' || [[Sanjeev Reddy]] || [[Allu Sirish]], [[Rukshar Dhillon]], [[Nagendra Babu]], [[Master Bharath]], [[Kota Srinivasa Rao]] ||[[Suresh Productions]], Madhura Entertainment ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/abcd-american-born-confused-desi/ET00094356|title=ABCD:American Born Confused Desi Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Enthavaraalaina'' || Guru Chindepalli || Advaith, Zaheeda Syam || Ramadhootha Arts ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/entha-vaaralainaa/ET00102899|title=Enthavaralaina Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Romantic Criminals'' || P. Sunil Kumar Reddy || [[Manoj Nandam]], Avantika Munni, Divya Vijju, K. Vinay || Sravya Films ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/romantic-criminals/ET00102714|title=Romantic Criminals Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Swayamvadha'' || Vivek Varma || Aditya Alluri, Anika Rao, Dhanraj, [[Posani Krishna Murali]] || Lakshmi Chalana Chitra ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/swayamvadha/ET00100912|title=Swayamvadha (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#ffb5da;"|'''24'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Sita (2019 film)|Sita]]'' || [[Teja (director)|Teja]] || [[Kajal Aggarwal]], [[Bellamkonda Sreenivas]], [[Sonu Sood]] || Sri Sravanthi Movies ||
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#ffb5da;"|'''31'''
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Abhinetri 2]]'' || [[A. L. Vijay]] || [[Prabhu Deva]], [[Tamannaah]], [[Nandita Swetha]], [[Dimple Hayathi]] ||[[Abhishek Pictures]] Trident Arts || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/abhinetri-2/ET00101298|title=Abhinetri 2 Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''December 31'' || G. Kondal Rao || Navakanth, Seetha, [[Saptagiri (actor)|Saptagiri]], [[Nutan Prasad]], [[Posani Krishna Murali]] || Sri Goutham Creations || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/december-31/ET00103657|title=December 31 Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Falaknuma Das]]'' || [[Vishwak Sen]] || Vishwak Sen, Saloni Mishra, [[Harshita Gaur]], Prashanthi Charuolingah, [[Tharun Bhascker Dhaassyam]], [[Abhinav Gomatam]] || Vanmaye Creations Vishwak Sen Cinemas Terranova Pictures Media9 Creative Works || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/falaknuma-das/ET00101008|title=Falaknuma Das Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|- June!
| rowspan="15" style="text-align:center; background:#ffa07a; textcolor:#000;"|'''J U N'''
| style="text-align:center; background:#ffdacc;"|'''5'''
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Seven (2019 Indian film)|Seven]]'' || [[Nizar Shafi]] || [[Havish]], [[Nandita Swetha]], [[Rahman (actor)|Rahman]], [[Regina Cassandra]], [[Anisha Ambrose]] || Kiran Studios || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/seven/ET00102299|title=Seven Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#ffdacc;"|'''6'''
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Hippi (film)|Hippi]]'' || [[Krishna (director)|Krishna]] || [[Kartikeya Gummakonda]], [[Digangana Suryavanshi]], [[J. D. Chakravarthy]], [[Brahmaji]], [[Vennela Kishore]] || [[Kalaipuli S. Thanu|V Creations]] || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/hippi/ET00102676|title=Hippi Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdacc;"|'''14'''
|style="text-align:center;"|''Ek'' || Sampath V. Rudra ||[[Bishnu Adhikari]], Abhinav Sardar, Aparna Sharma, [[Himanshi Khurana]], [[Suman (actor)|Suman]]|| K World || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/ek/ET00103341|title=Ek Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Game Over (2019 film)|Game Over]]'' || [[Ashwin Saravanan]] || [[Taapsee Pannu]], [[Vinodhini Vaidyanathan]], [[Anish Kuruvilla]], [[Sanchana Natarajan]] ||[[YNOT Studios]] [[Reliance Entertainment]] || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/game-over/ET00102892|title=Game Over Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Vajra Kavachadhara Govinda]]'' || Arun Pawar || [[Saptagiri (actor)|Saptagiri]], Vaibhavi Joshi, [[Veda Sastry]], Jabardasth Srinu || Siva Sivam Films || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/vajra-kavachadhara-govinda/ET00095146|title=Vajra Kavachadhara Govinda Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Viswamitra (film)|Viswamitra]]'' || Raajkiran || [[Prasanna (actor)|Prasanna]], [[Nanditha Raj]], [[Ashutosh Rana]], [[Satyam Rajesh]] || Raaja Kiran Cinemas Madhuram Movie Kreations || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/viswamitra/ET00086360|title=Viswamitra Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdacc;"|'''21'''
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[1st Rank Raju (2019 film)|1st Rank Raju]]'' || Naresh Kumar H. N. || Chethan Maddineni, Kashish Vohra, [[Prakash Raj]], [[Vennela Kishore]], [[Naresh (actor)|Naresh]] || Dolphin Entertainment || <ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/1st-rank-raju-telugu/ET00105022|title=1st Rank Raju Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Agent Sai Srinivasa Athreya]]'' || Swaroop RSJ || [[Naveen Polishetty]], Shruthi Sharma, Appaji Ambarisha Darbha || Swadharm Entertainment || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/agent-sai-srinivasa-athreya/ET00104269|title=Agent Sai Srinivasa Atreya Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Mallesham]]'' || Raj. R || [[Priyadarshi Pulikonda]], Ananya Nagalla, [[Ananda Chakrapani]], Jagadish Pratap Bhandari || Studio 99 & [[Suresh Productions]] || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/mallesham/ET00103640|title=Mallesham Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''Special – The Story of a Mind Reader'' || Vastav || [[Ajay (actor)|Ajay]], Ranga, Akshatha, Jabardasth Appa Rao || Nandalal Creations || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/special-the-story-of-a-mind-reader/ET00102435|title=Special – The Story of a Mind Reader Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Voter (film)|Voter]]'' || G. S. Karthik || [[Manchu Vishnu]], [[Surabhi]], [[Sampath Raj]], [[Jayaprakash (actor)|Jayaprakash]], [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]], [[Posani Krishna Murali]] || Rama Reels || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/voter/ET00055069|title=Voter Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdacc;"|'''28'''
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Brochevarevarura]]'' || Vivek Athreya || [[Sree Vishnu]], [[Rahul Ramakrishna]], [[Nivetha Thomas]], [[Satyadev (actor)|Satyadev]], [[Priyadarshi Pulikonda]] || Manyam Productions || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/brochevarevaru-ra/ET00101246|title=Brochevarevaru Ra Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''Captain Rana Prathap'' || Haranath Policherla || Haranath Policherla, [[Puneet Issar]], Nishi Gandha || Dream Team || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/captain-rana-prathap/ET00105362|title=Captain Rana Prathap Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Kalki (2019 Telugu film)|Kalki]]'' || Prasanth Varma || [[Rajasekhar (actor)|Dr. Rajasekhar]], [[Nandita Swetha]], [[Adah Sharma]], [[Pujita Ponnada]], [[Rahul Ramakrishna]], [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]], [[Ashutosh Rana]] || Happy Movies || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/kalki/ET00100667|title=Kalki Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''Prema Janta'' || Nikhilesh Thogari || Ram Praneeth, Sumaya, Uttej || Sun Wood Entertainment || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/prema-janta/ET00104800|title=Prema Janta Movie (2019)|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|}

== July–December ==
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|- style="background:#b0e0e6; text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" style="width:6%;" |'''Opening'''
! style="width:18%;" |'''Title'''
! style="width:10.5%;" |'''Director'''
! style="width:30%;" |'''Cast'''!! Production House !! Ref
|- July!
| rowspan="13" style="text-align:center; background:plum;"|'''J U L'''
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#f1daf1;"|'''5'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Burra Katha (film)|Burrakatha]]'' || Diamond Ratna Babu || [[Aadi (actor)|Aadi Saikumar]], [[Mishti]], [[Rajendra Prasad (actor)|Rajendra Prasad]], [[Abhimanyu Singh]] || Deepala Arts || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/burrakatha/ET00100714?fbrefresh=1|title=BurraKatha Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Kakatheeyudu'' || Vijay Samudra || [[Taraka Ratna]], Yamini, [[Chippy (actress)|Chippy]], [[Vinod Kumar Alva]] || Sri LVR Productions || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/kakatheeyudu/ET00038355?fbrefresh=1|title=Kakatheeyudu Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Oh! Baby (2019 film)|Oh! Baby]]'' || [[B. V. Nandini Reddy]] || [[Samantha Akkineni]], [[Naga Shaurya]], [[Rajendra Prasad (actor)|Rajendra Prasad]], [[Lakshmi (actress)|Lakshmi]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]] ||[[Suresh Productions]], People's Media Factory Guru Films, Kross Pictures || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/ismart-shankar-release-date-made-official-telugu-news-236873|title='Ismart Shankar': Release date made official – Telugu News|date=26 May 2019|website=IndiaGlitz.com}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Durmargudu'' || Suneeth Jampa || Zaara Khan, Vijay Krishna, Racha Ravi, Jabardast Murali.|| AMURUTHA MOVIE CREATIONS|| <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/movies/durmargudu.html|title=Durmargudu (2019) | Durmargudu Movie | Durmargudu Telugu Movie Cast & Crew, Release Date, Review, Photos, Videos|website=FilmiBeat}}</ref>
|-

| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center; background:#f1daf1;"|'''12'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Dorasaani]]'' || K. V. R. Mahendra || Anand Devarakonda, Shivatmika Rajashekar, [[Kishore (actor, born 1974)|Kishore]], [[Vinay Varma]] || Madhura Entertainments || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/dorasaani/ET00103338?fbrefresh=1|title=Dorasaani Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''KS100'' || Sher || Sameer Khan, Shraddha Sharma, Sunita Pandey || Chandrashekara Movies || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/ks-100/ET00106439?fbrefresh=1|title=KS 100 Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Ninu Veedani Needanu Nene]]''|| Caarthick Raju || [[Sundeep Kishan]], [[Anya Singh]], [[Pragathi (actress)|Pragathi]], [[Vennela Kishore]], [[Murali Sharma]] || Venkatadari Talkies, AK Entertainments || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com//movies/ninnu-veedani-needanu-nene/ET00089903?fbrefresh=1|title=Ninnu Veedani Needanu Nene Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Marketlo Prajaswamyam''|| [[R. Narayana Murthy]] || [[R. Narayana Murthy]], Madhavi || Sneha Chitra Pictures || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/marketlo-prajaswamyam/ET00106839?fbrefresh=1|title=Marketlo Prajaswamyam Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Rajdooth]]''|| Arjun Gunnala, Cartyk || Meghamsh Srihari, [[Nakshatra (actress)|Nakshatra]], [[Ravi Varma (East Godavari actor)|Ravi Varma]], [[Kota Srinivasa Rao]], [[Manobala]] || Raj Kiran Cinemas || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/rajdooth/ET00105494?fbrefresh=1|title=Rajdooth Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#f1daf1;"|'''18'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[iSmart Shankar]]''|| [[Puri Jagannadh]] || [[Ram Pothineni]], [[Nidhhi Agerwal]], [[Nabha Natesh]], [[Puneet Issar]], [[Satyadev (actor)|Satyadev]], [[Ashish Vidyarthi]], [[Shayaji Shinde]] || Puri Jagannadh Touring Talkies ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/ismart-shankar/ET00094684|title=iSmart Shankar|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#f1daf1;"|'''26'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Dear Comrade]]'' || Bharat Kamma || [[Vijay Devarakonda]], [[Rashmika Mandanna]], [[Shruti Ramachandran]] ||[[Mythri Movie Makers]] || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/dear-comrade/ET00075421?fbrefresh=1|title=Dear Comrade Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Nenu Lenu''|| Ram Kumar A.S.K || Harshith Koditham, Sri Padma || OSM Vision || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/nenu-lenu/ET00107551?fbrefresh=1|title=Nenu Lenu Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#f1daf1;"|'''27'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Bailampudi'' || Anil Raj || Harish Vinay, Tanishq Tiwari || Tara Creations || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/bailampudi/ET00107563?fbrefresh=1|title=Bailampudi Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|- August!
| rowspan="14" style="text-align:center; background:#0ff;" |'''A U G'''
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#e0ffff;"|'''2'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Guna 369]]'' || Arjun Jandhyala || [[Kartikeya Gummakonda]], [[Anagha (actress)|Anagha]], [[Adithya (actor)|Adhitya]], [[Shivaji Raja]] || SG Movie Makers || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/guna-369/ET00103821?fbrefresh=1|title=Guna 369 Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Rakshasudu (2019 film)|Rakshasudu]]'' || Ramesh Varma || [[Bellamkonda Sreenivas]], [[Anupama Parameswaran]] || A Studio || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com//movies/rakshasudu/ET00101842?fbrefresh=1|title=Rakshasudu Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Sivaranjani'' || Naaga Prabhakkar || [[Rashmi Gautham]], [[Nandu (actor)|Nandu]], [[Nandini Rai]], Akhil Karthik, [[Dhanraj (Telugu comedian)|Dhanraj]], Delhi Rajeshwari ||U&I Entertainments || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.123telugu.com/reviews/shivaranjani-telugu-movie-review.html|title = Shivaranjani Telugu Movie Review|date = 2 August 2019}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#e0ffff;"|'''9'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Kathanam]]'' || Rajesh Nadendla || [[Anasuya Bharadwaj]], [[Srinivas Avasarala]], [[Vennela Kishore]] || The Manthra Entertainment|| <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/kathanam/ET00108706?fbrefresh=1|title=Kathanam Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Manmadhudu 2]]'' || [[Rahul Ravindran]] || [[Nagarjuna (actor)|Nagarjuna]], [[Rakul Preet Singh]] ||[[Annapurna Studios]], Anandi Art Creations, [[Viacom18 Motion Pictures]] || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/manmadhudu-2/ET00103239?fbrefresh=1|title=Manmadhudu 2 Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#e0ffff;"|'''10'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Kobbari Matta]]'' || Rupak Ronaldson || [[Sampoornesh Babu]], Ishika Singh, Gayatri Gupta || OAK Entertainments || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/kobbari-matta/ET00038375?fbrefresh=1|title=Kobbari Matta Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#e0ffff;"|'''15'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Evaru]]'' || Venkat Ramji || [[Adivi Sesh]], [[Regina Cassandra]], [[Naveen Chandra]], [[Murali Sharma]] || PVP Cinemas || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/evaru/ET00104063|title=Evaru Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Ranarangam]]'' || [[Sudheer Varma]] || [[Sharwanand]], [[Kajal Aggarwal]], [[Kalyani Priyadarshan]] || Sithara Entertainments, Harrika and Hassine Creations || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com//movies/ranarangam/ET00103645?fbrefresh=1|title=Ranarangam Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center; background:#e0ffff;" |'''23'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Boy]]'' || Amar Viswaraj || Lakshya Sinha, Sahithi, Vinay Varma || Viswaraj Creations ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/boy/ET00108266?fbrefresh=1|title=Boy Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Edaina Jaragocchu]]'' || K. Rama Kanth || [[Bobby Simha]], Sasha Singh, [[Ajay Ghosh]], Vijay Raja || Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Productions || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/edaina-jaragocchu/ET00101331?fbrefresh=1|title=Edaina Jaragocchu Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Kousalya Krishnamurthy]]'' || [[Bhimaneni Srinivasa Rao]] || [[Aishwarya Rajesh]], [[Rajendra Prasad (actor)|Rajendra Prasad]], Karthik Raju ||[[Creative Commercials]] ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/kousalya-krishnamurthy-trailer-impresses-fans/articleshow/70740128.cms|title=Kousalya Krishnamurthy trailer impresses fans|website=Times of India |date=19 August 2019|access-date=21 August 2019}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Hawaa''
|Mahesh Reddy
|[[Chaitanya Rao Madadi]], Divi Prasanna, Phoebe Jakober, Kamal Krishna
|Film and Reel
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-08-23|title=Hawaa Telugu Movie Review|url=https://www.123telugu.com/reviews/hawaa-telugu-movie-review.html|access-date=2020-09-01|website=123telugu.com|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Nene Kedi No.1'' || Johni || Shakalaka Shankar, Khushi Gadhvi, [[Gurleen Chopra]], [[Mukul Dev]] || A. R Entertainments Movies || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/nene-kedi-no-1/ET00109876?fbrefresh=1|title=Nene Kedi No. 1 Movie (2019) | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in Hyderabad|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#e0ffff;" |'''30'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Saaho]]''|| [[Sujeeth]] || [[Prabhas]], [[Shraddha Kapoor]], [[Neil Nitin Mukesh]], [[Arun Vijay]], [[Jackie Shroff]], [[Chunky Pandey]], [[Mahesh Manjrekar]], [[Lal (actor)|Lal]], [[Mandira Bedi]], [[Murali Sharma]], [[Vennela Kishore]], [[Evelyn Sharma]], [[Supreeth]] ||UV Creations [[Super Cassettes Industries T-Series|T-Series]] [[Yash Raj Films]]|| <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tollybag.com/2019/02/saaho-teaser-telugu-prabhas-sujeeth.html|title=Saaho Teaser Telugu|date=6 January 2019|website=TollyBag.CoM|access-date=22 May 2019}}</ref>
|-
|- September!
| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center; background:#93CCEA; textcolor:#000;" |'''S E P'''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#B0E0E6;"|'''06'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Jodi (2019 film)|Jodi]]'' || Viswanath Arigella ||[[Aadi (actor)|Aadi Saikumar]], [[Shraddha Srinath]] ||Bhavana Creations ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/jodi-telugu/ET00108017|title=Jodi|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#B0E0E6;" |'''13'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Nani's Gang Leader]]''||[[Vikram Kumar]] || [[Nani (actor)|Nani]], [[Priyanka Mohan]], [[Kartikeya Gummakonda]], [[Lakshmi (actress)|Lakshmi]], [[Saranya Ponvannan]] ||[[Mythri Movie Makers]] ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/gang-leader/ET00097329|title=Gang Leader|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Marshal (2019 film)|''Marshal'']]||Jai Raaja Singh|| Abhay Adaka, [[Srikanth (Telugu actor)|Srikanth]], [[Megha Chowdhury]] || AVL Productions ||
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#B0E0E6;" |'''20'''
|style="text-align:center;"|''[[Gaddalakonda Ganesh]]'' || [[Harish Shankar]] || [[Varun Tej]], [[Atharvaa]], [[Pooja Hegde]], [[Mirnalini Ravi]] ||14 Reels Plus ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/gaddalakonda-ganesh-valmiki/ET00095043|title=Gaddalakonda Ganesh|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''Nenu Naa Nagarjuna'' || R. B. Gopal || Mahesh Achanta, Somi Verma, Suman Shetty || G.N.R.Creations ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/nenu-naa-nagarjuna/ET00112168|title=Nenu Naa Nagarjuna|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#B0E0E6;" |'''21'''
|style="text-align:center;"|''Pandugadi Photo Studio'' || Dileep Raj || [[Ali (actor)|Ali]], [[Babu Mohan]], Bhavya Sri, [[Jeeva (actor)|Jeeva]] || Sri Venkateswara Vidyalayam's ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/pandugadi-photo-studio/ET00112170|title=Pandugadi Photo Studio|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#B0E0E6;" |'''27'''
|style="text-align:center;"|''Rama Chakkani Seetha'' || Sriharsha Manda || Indhra, [[Sukrutha Wagle]], [[Ravi Babu]], [[Rahul Sipligunj]] || ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/rama-chakkani-seetha/ET00111962|title=Rama Chakkani Seetha|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''Rayalaseema Love Story'' || Ram Ranadheer || Venkat, Pavani, Hrishali || ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/rayalaseema-love-story/ET00112732|title=Rayalaseema Love Story|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''Ninnu Thalachi'' || Anil Thota || Vamsi Yakasiri, Stefy Patel || SLN Productions Nedurumalli Productions ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/ninnu-thalachi/ET00095618|title=Ninnu Thalachi|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>
|-
|- October!
| rowspan="12" style="text-align:center; background:#ffba00; textcolor:#000;"|'''O C T'''
| style="text-align:center; background:#fbec5d;"|'''2'''
| style="text-align:center;"|''[[Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy]]''|| [[Surender Reddy]] || [[Chiranjeevi]], [[Nayanthara]], [[Tamannaah]], [[Jagapati Babu]], [[Sudeep]], [[Vijay Sethupathi]] ||[[Konidela Production Company]] || <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/chiranjeevi-announces-the-release-date-of-telugu-magnum-opus-sye-raa-narasimha-reddy-2259679.html|website=News 18|title=Chiranjeevi Announces the Release Date of Telugu Magnum Opus 'Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy'|date=6 August 2019|access-date=18 August 2019}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#fbec5d;"|'''5'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Chanakya (2019 film)|Chanakya]]'' || [[Thiru (director)|Thiru]] || [[Gopichand (actor)|Gopichand]], [[Mehreen Pirzada]], [[Zareen Khan]], [[Rajesh Khattar]] || AK Entertainments || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/chanakya/ET00104812|title=Chanakya|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Oorantha Anukuntunnaru]]'' || Balaji || [[Srinivas Avasarala]], Nawin Vijaya Krishna, Megha Chowdhury, Sophiya Singh || Rowaskair Entertainments || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-details/oorantha-anukuntunnaru/movieshow/71095772.cms|title=Oorantha Anukuntunnaru|website=timesofindia}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#fbec5d;"|'''8'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Evvarikee Cheppoddu]]'' || Basava Shanker || Rakesh Varre, Gargeyi Yellapragada, Vamsi Nakkanti || Crazy Ants Productions || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/evvarikee-cheppoddu/ET00098934|title=Evvarikee Cheppoddu|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#fbec5d;"|'''11'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[RDX Love]]'' || Bhanu Shankar || [[Payal Rajput]], Tejus Kancherla, [[Naresh (actor)|Dr V. K. Naresh]], [[Mumaith Khan]] || Haappy Movies || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/rdx-love/ET00111717|title=RDX Love|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center; background:#fbec5d;"|'''18'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Krishna Rao Supermarket'' || Sreenath Pulakuram || Kriishna, Elsa Ghosh, [[Tanikella Bharani]], [[Ravi Prakash]], Sana, Gowtham Raju || BGR Film & TV Studios ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/krishna-rao-supermarket/ET00105153|title=Krishna Rao Supermarket|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Malli Malli Chusa'' || Hemanth Karthik || Anurag Konidena, Shweta Avasthi, Kairavi Thakkar || Krishi Creations ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/malli-malli-chusa/ET00094596|title=Malli Malli Chusa|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Operation Gold Fish]]'' || [[Sai Kiran Adivi]] || [[Aadi (actor)|Aadi]], Sasha Chettri, Nithya Naresh, Karthik Raju || Vinayakudu Talkies ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/operation-gold-fish/ET00092390|title=Operation Gold Fish|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Raju Gari Gadhi 3]]'' || Ohmkar || Ashwin Babu, [[Avika Gor]], [[Ali (actor)|Ali]], [[Brahmaji]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Ajay Ghosh]], [[Prabhas Sreenu]], [[Hari Teja]], [[Dhanraj (Telugu comedian)|Dhanraj]] || Oak Entertainments ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/raju-gari-gadhi-3/ET00112503|title=Raju Gari Gadhi 3|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Sarovaram'' || Suresh Yadavalli || [[Vishal Punna]], Priyanka Sharma, Sri Latha, [[Tanikella Bharani]] || Srilatha Cine Creations ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/sarovaram/ET00114825|title=Sarovaram|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#fbec5d;"|'''25'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Thupaki Ramudu'' || T. Prabhakar || Bithiri Sathi, Priya || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/thupaki-ramudu/ET00115207|title=Thupaki Ramudu|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Vanavasam'' || Bharath Kumar P & Narendra || Naveenraj Sankarapu, Shashi Kanth, Sravya, Sruthi || Sri Sri Sri Bhavani Shankar Productions ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/vanavasam/ET00102243|title=Vanavasam|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|- November!
| rowspan="17" style="text-align:center; background:#EAA221; textcolor:#000;" |'''N O V'''
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#FFDB58;"|'''1'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Aaviri]]'' || [[Ravi Babu]] || [[Ravi Babu]], [[Neha Chauhan]], Sri Muktha ||[[Flying Frogs]] ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/mattannur/movies/aaviri/ET00093233|title=Aaviri|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Dandupalyam 4'' || K. T. Nayak || [[Suman Ranganathan]], [[Mumaith Khan]], Petrol Prasanna, Venkat || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/dandupalyam-4/ET00113116|title=Dandupalyam 4|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Meeku Maathrame Cheptha]]'' || Shammer Sulthan || [[Tharun Bhascker Dhaassyam]], [[Vani Bhojan]], [[Avantika Mishra]], [[Pavani Gangireddy]], [[Abhinav Gomatam]], [[Anasuya Bharadwaj]] || Vijay Deverakonda Production King of the Hill Entertainment ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/meeku-maathrame-cheptha/ET00110750|title=Meeku Maathrame Cheptha|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Planning'' || B. L. Prasad || Mahindra, Kulkarni Mamata, Alisha, Ranga Sai, Adith Chaitanya Reddy || Sai Ganesh Movies ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/planning/ET00116079|title=Planning|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#FFDB58;" |'''8'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Thipparaa Meesam]]'' || Krishna Vijay || [[Sree Vishnu]], Nikki Tamboli, [[Rohini (actress)|Rohini]] || Shri Om Cinema ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/thipparaa-meesam/ET00111510|title=Thipparaa Meesam|website=BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;"|''Konapuram Lo Jarigina Katha''
|K. B. Krishna
|Anil Mogili, Sunitha Marasiar, [[Syed Sohel|Syed Sohel Ryan]]
|Anusha Cinema
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Konapuramlo Jarigina KathaUA |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-details/konapuramlo-jarigina-katha/movieshow/71935218.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2024-01-02 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#FFDB58;"|'''15'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Tenali Ramakrishna BA. BL]]'' || [[G. Nageswara Reddy]] || [[Sundeep Kishan]], [[Hansika Motwani]], [[Varalaxmi Sarathkumar]] || SNS Creations ||<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sify.com/movies/tenali-ramakrishna-ba-bl-review-unoriginal-uninspiring-review-telugu-tlpqe3fdgefbh.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116001949/https://www.sify.com/movies/tenali-ramakrishna-ba-bl-review-unoriginal-uninspiring-review-telugu-tlpqe3fdgefbh.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=16 November 2019 | title=Tenali Ramakrishna BA BL review: Unoriginal, uninspiring | date=15 November 2019 | website=Sify | access-date=5 July 2020 }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center; background:#FFDB58;"|'''22'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[George Reddy (film)|George Reddy]]'' || B. Jeevan Reddy || [[Sandeep Madhav]], Shrinivas Pokale, [[Muskaan Khubchandani]], Abhay Bethiganti, [[Satyadev (actor)|Satyadev]], [[Devika Daftardar]], Pawon Ramesh, [[Shatru (actor)|Shatru]], [[Manoj Nandam]], [[Thiruveer]], Pawon Ramesh, Bunny Abiran, Laxman Meesala, Yadamma Raju, Jagadeesh, Sanjay Reddy || Mic Movies Three Line Cinemas Silly Monks Studios ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/tollywood/george-reddy-gets-release-date-575443|title = George Reddy gets release date|website=The Hans India|date =2019-10-24|access-date=2019-11-20}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Raagala 24 Gantallo]]'' || Srinivasa Reddy || [[Eesha Rebba]], [[Satyadev (actor)|Satyadev]], [[Srikanth (actor, born 1979)|Sriram]], [[Ganesh Venkatraman]] || Sree Karthikeya Celluloids ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/ragala-24-gantallo/ET00117576|title=Ragala 24 Gantallo|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-22}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Tholu Bommalata]]'' || Vishwanath Maganti || [[Rajendra Prasad (actor)|Rajendra Prasad]], Viswant, Harshitha Chowdary, [[Vennela Kishore]] || M/s. Suma Durga Creations ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/tholubommalata/ET00117614|title=Tholubommalata|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-22}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Pichhodu'' || Hemanth Srinivas || Kranthi, K. Simar, Posani Krishna Murali, Sameer, Satya Krishna, Abhay Bethiganti, Apparao, Achanta Mahesh, Durga || Hemanth Arts banner ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/pichhodu/ET00117453/|title=Pichhodu|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-22}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Beach Road Chetan]]'' || [[Chetan Maddineni]] || Chetan Maddineni, Teja Reddy, Razia Abdul, Anjali, Suja Ansari || Chetan Maddineni Productions ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/beach-road-chetan/ET00117634|title=Beach Road Chetan|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-22}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Traap'' || V. S. Phanindra || [[Brahmaji]], Mahendra, Katyayani Sharma, Shalu, Racha Ravi || PK Films ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/traap/ET00117736|title=Traap|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-22}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#FFDB58;"|'''29'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Ranasthalam'' || Adhi Aravala || [[Satyam Rajesh]], Jabardasth Appa Rao, [[Chatrapathi Sekhar]], Shalu || Srilakshmi Arts ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/ranasthalam/ET00117631|title=Ranasthalam|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-29}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Arjun Suravaram]]'' || T. N. Santhosh || [[Nikhil Siddharth]], [[Lavanya Tripathi]], [[Tarun Arora]], [[Vennela Kishore]] || A MOVIE DYNAMIX LLP PRODUCTION ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/arjun-suravaram/ET00095605|title=Arjun Suravaram|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-24}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Raja Vaaru Rani Gaaru]]'' || Ravi Kiran Kola || [[Kiran Abbavaram]], Rahasya Gorak, Rajkumar Kasireddy, Yazurved Gurram, Snehamadhuri Sharma, Divya Narni || SL Entertainments ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/raja-vaaru-rani-gaaru/ET00101791|title=Raja Vaaru Rani Gaaru|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-11-26}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu'' || Babji || [[Naresh (actor)|Naresh]], Vahini, [[Tanikella Bharani]], [[Maharshi Raghava]], Muni Chandra, Satyapriya, Bhavana, Akhil, Geddayya, Sai Kanth, [[Devaraj]], Chakrapaani, Taara Singh || Yellow Line Pictures ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/una/movies/raghupathi-venkaiah-naidu/ET00117057|title=Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref>
|-
|- December!
| rowspan="12" style="text-align:center; background:#F4CA16; textcolor:#000;"|'''D E C'''
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#F8DE7E;"|'''6'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Mismatch (2019 film)|Miss Match]]'' || N. V. Nirmal Kumar || Uday Shankar, [[Aishwarya Rajesh]], [[Pradeep Rawat (actor)|Pradeep Rawat]], Sanjay Swaroop, Master Adhiroh, Naga Mahesh || Adhiroh Creative Signs LLP ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/miss-match-telugu/ET00118787|title=Miss Match (Telugu)|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Bhagyanagara Veedullo Gamattu]]'' || [[Srinivasa Reddy]] || [[Srinivasa Reddy]], Dollysha, [[Vennela Kishore]], [[Satya (Telugu actor)|Satya]], Shakalaka Shankar, [[Chitram Srinu]], [[Suman Setty]], [[Raghu Babu]], [[Jhansi (TV anchor)|Jhansi]], [[Satyam Rajesh]], [[Viva Harsha]], [[Praveen (actor)|Praveen]], Racha Ravi, [[Hyper Aadi]] || M/s. Flying Colours Entertainment ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/bhagya-nagara-veedhullo-gammathu/ET00118778|title=Bhagya Nagara Veedhullo Gammathu|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Ashwamedham'' || Nitin Gawde || [[Mehndi Hai Rachne Waali|Shivangi Khedkar]], Dhruva Karunakar, [[Priyadarshi Pulikonda]], [[Vennela Kishore]], Suman, Sonyaa, Ambati Arjun, Prachi || Aurous Avatar Entertainment ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/ashwamedham/ET00107156|title=Ashwamedham|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-12-03}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[90ML (2019 Telugu film)|90ML]]'' || Sekhar Reddy Yerra || [[Kartikeya Gummakonda]], Neha Solanki, [[Ravi Kishan]], [[Rao Ramesh]], [[Ali (actor)|Ali]], [[Posani Krishna Murali]], [[Ajay (actor)|Ajay]], [[Prabhakar (Telugu actor)|Prabhakar]], [[Satya Prakash (actor)|Satya Prakash]], [[Pragathi (actress)|Pragathi]], [[Praveen (actor)|Praveen]], [[Raghu Karumanchi]], [[Sudharshan]], [[Thagubothu Ramesh]], [[Roll Rida]], [[Duvvasi Mohan]] || Kartikeya Creative works ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/90-ml-telugu/ET00113908|title=90 ML|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2019-12-01}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#F8DE7E;"|'''12'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Amma Rajyam Lo Kadapa Biddalu]]'' || [[Ram Gopal Varma]] || [[Ajmal Ameer]], [[Brahmanandam]], [[Ali (actor)|Ali]], Dheeraj Kv, Dhananjay Prabhune, [[Mahesh Kathi]], [[Swapna (journalist)|Swapna]], [[Dhanraj (Telugu comedian)|Dhanraj]], [[Prudhvi Raj]], Jaffar Babu || Tiger/Company Production Ajay Mysore Productions ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.greatandhra.com/movies/news/amma-rajyamlo-kadapa-biddalu-gets-censor-clearance-101209|title=Amma Rajyamlo Kadapa Biddalu Gets Censor Clearance.|website=GreatAndhra|date=2019-12-07|access-date=2019-12-07}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#F8DE7E;"|'''13'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Hulchul (2020 film)|Hulchul]]'' || Sripathi Karrl || {{hlist|Rudhraksh Utkam|[[Dhanya Balakrishna]]|[[Krishnudu]]|[[Madhunandan]]|[[Ravi Prakash]]}} || Sri Raghavendra Art Creations ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/hulchul/ET00118759|title=Hulchul|website=Book My Show}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Venky Mama]]'' || [[K. S. Ravindra]] || [[Venkatesh (actor)|Venkatesh]], [[Naga Chaitanya]], [[Raashi Khanna]], [[Payal Rajput]] ||[[Suresh Productions]] People's Media Factory ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/confirmed-venky-mama-to-hit-the-theaters-on-venkateshs-birthday-december-13/articleshow/72334269.cms|title=Confirmed: 'Venky Mama' to hit the theaters on Venkatesh's birthday (December 13)|website=Times of India|date=2019-12-02|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#F8DE7E;"|'''20'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Ruler (film)|Ruler]]'' || [[K. S. Ravikumar]] || [[Nandamuri Balakrishna]], [[Sonal Chauhan]], [[Vedhika]], [[Prakash Raj]], [[Jayasudha]], [[Bhumika Chawla]], [[Sayaji Shinde]], [[Nagineedu]], [[Raghu Babu]], [[Srinivasa Reddy]] || C.K. Entertainments ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/ruler-nandamuri-balakrishnas-upcoming-film-with-ks-ravi-kumar-to-release-on-20-december-7558651.html|title=Ruler: Nandamuri Balakrishna's upcoming film with KS Ravi Kumar to release on 20 December|date=26 October 2019|website=Firstpost}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Prati Roju Pandage]]'' || [[Maruthi]] || [[Sai Dharam Tej]], [[Raashi Khanna]], [[Sathyaraj]], [[Rao Ramesh]], [[Vijayakumar (Tamil actor)|Vijayakumar]], [[Murali Sharma]], [[Ajay (actor)|Ajay]], [[Hari Teja]], [[Satyam Rajesh]], [[Bharath Reddy (actor)|Bharath Reddy]], [[Suhas Pagolu|Suhas]] ||[[Geetha Arts|GA2 Pictures]] UV Creations ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/sai-dharam-tejs-prati-roju-pandaage-to-clash-with-these-two-films-see-inside/articleshow/72334720.cms|title=Sai Dharam Tej's Prati Roju Pandaage to clash with these two films. See inside|website=Times of India|date=2019-12-02|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#F8DE7E;"|'''25'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Iddari Lokam Okate]]'' || G. R. Krishna || [[Raj Tarun]], [[Shalini Pandey]], [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]], [[Master Bharath]] ||[[Sri Venkateswara Creations]] ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/iddari-lokam-okate-release-date-locked-raj-tarun-and-shalini-pandey-are-arriving-on-christmas/articleshow/71838532.cms|title=Iddari Lokam Okate release date locked; Raj Tarun and Shalini Pandey are arriving on Christmas.|website=The Times of India|date=2019-10-31|access-date=2019-11-25}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Mathu Vadalara]]'' || Ritesh Rana || [[Sri Simha]], Naresh Agastya, Athulya Chandra, [[Vennela Kishore]], [[Satya (Telugu actor)|Satya]], [[Brahmaji]] ||[[Mythri Movie Makers]] Clap Entertainment ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/mathu-vadalara/ET00121183|title=Mathu Vadalara|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2020-01-01}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#F8DE7E;"|'''28'''
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Software Sudheer]]'' || P. Rajasekhar Reddy || [[Sudigali Sudheer]], [[Dhanya Balakrishna]], [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]], [[Sayaji Shinde]], [[Indraja]], [[Posani Krishna Murali]], Siva Prasad || Sekhara Art Creations ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/hyderabad/movies/software-sudheer/ET00110500|title=Software Sudheer|website=Bookmyshow|access-date=2020-01-01}}</ref>
|-
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of Telugu films of 2017]]
* [[List of Telugu films of 2018]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

{{Telugu cinema|horiz}}
{{Indian film list}}
{{2019 films}}

[[Category:Lists of Telugu films by year|2019]]
[[Category:Lists of 2019 films by language|Telugu]]
[[Category:2019 in Indian cinema|Telugu]]

Golmaal (2003 film)

2026-03-03T21:58:33Z

PrakashBar: Creating new data

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Golmaal
| image = Golmaal-Telugu-2003.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Official poster
| native_name = 
| director = [[P. N. Ramachandra Rao]]
| writer = P. N. Ramachandra Rao
| screenplay =
| story =
| based_on = 
| producer = P. N. Ramachandra Rao
| starring = [[J. D. Chakravarthy]] [[Ramesh Aravind]] [[Meera Vasudevan]] [[Neha Pendse]]
| narrator =
| cinematography = [[M. V. Raghu]]
| editing = [[Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao]]
| music = [[Vandemataram Srinivas]]
| studio = Gayatri Kala Chitra
| distributor = 
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2003|2|21}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Golmaal''''' is a 2003 Indian Telugu-language comedy film directed, produced and written by [[P. N. Ramachandra Rao]] and starring [[J. D. Chakravarthy]], [[Ramesh Aravind]], [[Meera Vasudevan]] and [[Neha Pendse]]. This film is a remake of the Malayalam film ''[[Malappuram Haji Mahanaya Joji]]'' (1994).

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
*[[J. D. Chakravarthy]] as Amir Khan
*[[Ramesh Aravind]] as Amar Sastry
*[[Meera Vasudevan]] as Meenakshi
*[[Neha Pendse|Neha]] as Mumtaz
*[[Jaya Prakash Reddy]] as Narahari
*[[Giri Babu]] as Amir Khan's father
*[[Brahmanandam]] as Kokila
*[[Avinash Yelandur|Avinash]] as Abdullah
*[[Gundu Hanumantha Rao]] as Iyer
*[[Sudhakar (actor)|Sudhakar]]
*[[Padmanabham (actor)|Padmanabham]]
*[[Raghu Babu]]
*Navabharat Balaji
}}

== Production ==
[[Meera Vasudevan]], whose Hindi film was yet to release, debuted in Telugu cinema with this film.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/mar/27milind.htm|title=Milind Soman does a Mandakini|first=Gautam|last=Hegde|work=[[Rediff.com]]|date=27 March 2003|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=10 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310100711/https://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/mar/27milind.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[Vandemataram Srinivas]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/my/album/golmaal-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1622514472|title=Golmaal (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) - EP|date=2003|work=[[Apple Music]]}}</ref>

{{track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Aho Aho Khajaraho
| extra1 = [[Sunitha (Telugu singer)|Sunitha]], [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| length1 = 5:42
| title2 = Ammayilo
| extra2 = [[Devi Sri Prasad]], Nishma
| length2 = 4:25
| title3 = Muyraa Text Book
| extra3 = Ramana, chorus
| length3 = 4:44
| title4 = Nijam Nijam
| extra4 = [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], Ramana
| length4 = 5:17
| title5 = Neredi Kallanta
| extra5 = Karthik, [[Usha (singer)|Usha]]
| length5 = 4:31
| total_length = 24:39
}}

== Reception ==
Gudipoodi Srihari of ''[[The Hindu]]'' opined that "this film too is quite entertaining with a sort of comedy of errors".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mrg-golmaal.html|title=Good Comedy|work=[[The Hindu]]|via=[[Idlebrain.com]]|last=Srihari|first=Gudipoodi|date=21 February 2003|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=2 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502095444/http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mrg-golmaal.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Jeevi of ''[[Idlebrain.com]]'' said that "This film has nothing special to offer. At the same time, it is not boring. It's an average flick that provides good time pass".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-golmaal.html|title=Movie review - Golmaal|author=Jeevi|date=21 February 2003|work=[[Idlebrain.com]]|access-date=24 August 2022|archive-date=19 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819091330/http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-golmaal.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Manju Latha Kalanidhi of ''Full Hyderabad'' criticised the film and gave the film a rating of five out of ten.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://movies.fullhyderabad.com/golmaal/telugu/golmaal-movie-reviews-1732-2.html|title=Golmaal Review|author=Manju Latha Kalanidhi|work=Full Hyderabad|access-date=2022-08-24|archive-date=2022-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226071446/https://movies.fullhyderabad.com/golmaal/telugu/golmaal-movie-reviews-1732-2.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Telugu Cinema'' wrote "First of the movie is neither boring nor interesting, it just goes on and the director had given a better treatment in the second half compared to first half".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telugucinema.cc/artman/publish/Golmal.shtml|title=Golmaal|website=Telugu Cinema|access-date=21 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030413122838/http://www.telugucinema.cc/artman/publish/Golmal.shtml|archive-date=13 April 2003|last=Hari}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|1579772}}

[[Category:2003 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Telugu remakes of Malayalam films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Vandemataram Srinivas]]
[[Category:Films directed by P. N. Ramachandra Rao]]

Poo Vaasam

2026-03-03T04:44:32Z

PrakashBar: minor enhance citations for accuracy and cleaned formatting

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Poo Vaasam
| image =
| director = Sree Bharathi
| writer = Sree Bharathi
| producer = RVR Hari Haran
| starring = [[Murali (Tamil actor)|Murali]] Ramya [[Jaishankar (actor)|Jaishankar]]
| cinematography = T. N. Kanagaraj
| editing = P. K. Mohan
| music = Ganesh
| studio = Sri Suyambalainga Swamy Films
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1999|3|19|ref1=}}
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Poo Vaasam''''' ({{translation|Fragrance of flower}}) is a 1999 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]], directed by Sreebharathi and produced by RVR. The film stars [[Murali (Tamil actor)|Murali]], Ramya and [[Jaishankar (actor)|Jaishankar]], while [[Radharavi]] and [[Vinu Chakravarthy]] portrayed supporting roles. The music for the film was composed by Ganesh and the film had a delayed release on 19 March 1999.<ref>{{Cite web |title=பூ வாசம் / Poo Vaasam (1999) |url=https://screen4screen.com/movies/poo-vaasam |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240313144656/https://screen4screen.com/movies/poo-vaasam |archive-date=13 March 2024 |access-date=20 March 2024 |website=Screen 4 Screen}}</ref>

== Plot ==
{{no plot|date=March 2024}}

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Murali (Tamil actor)|Murali]]
*Ramya
*[[Jaishankar (actor)|Jaishankar]]
*[[Vinu Chakravarthy]]
*[[Radharavi]]
*Pushpalatha
*[[Sridivya]]
*RVR
*[[Loose Mohan]]
*[[Thavakalai Chittibabu]]
*[[Usilai Mani]]
*[[Kumarimuthu]]
}}

== Production ==
The film marked the only production of producer R. Kalanjiam alias RVR, the father of actor-producer [[R. K. Suresh]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Raysan |date=7 September 2021 |title=நடி கரும், தயா ரிப்பா ளருமான ஆர்.கே.சுரேஷின் மனை வி யார் தெரி யுமா.? அட, இந்த பிர பலம் தானா.? ர சிகர்க ளுக்கு இ ன்ப அ திர் ச்சி கொடு த்த நடிகர்..!! வைர லாகும் புகை ப்படம் இதோ..!! |url=https://vivasaayathaikappom.com/cinema/41769/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240320044219/https://vivasaayathaikappom.com/cinema/41769/ |archive-date=20 March 2024 |access-date=20 March 2024 |website=Vivasaayathaikappom.com |language=ta}}</ref> Delays during production meant that the film was only released in 1999 despite being launched prior to ''[[Idhayam (film)|Idhayam]]'' (1991).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Srinivasan |first=Sudhir |date=6 February 2016 |title='I'm a Bala veriyan' |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/rksuresh-who-played-villain-in-thaarai-thappatai-talks-about-his-experience/article8202963.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202082315/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/rksuresh-who-played-villain-in-thaarai-thappatai-talks-about-his-experience/article8202963.ece |archive-date=2 February 2017 |access-date=18 January 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Aishu |title=மறைந்த நடிகர் முரளியின் மனைவியை பார்த்துள்ளீர்களா? திடீரென இணையத்தில் வைரலாகும் புகைப்படங்கள்..! |url=https://cinesamugam.com/have-you-seen-late-actor-muralis-wife-photos-that-suddenly-go-viral-on-the-internet-1662717461?page=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240320044151/https://cinesamugam.com/have-you-seen-late-actor-muralis-wife-photos-that-suddenly-go-viral-on-the-internet-1662717461?page=2 |archive-date=20 March 2024 |access-date=20 March 2024 |website=Cine Samugam |language=ta}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by Ganesh.{{Cn|date=March 2024}}

{{Tracklist
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Devan Kovil
| extra1 =
| length1 = 04:11

| title2 = Kadaloram Pona
| extra2 =
| length2 = 05:26

| title3 = Rotoram Veetukari
| extra3 =
| length3 = 04:35

| title4 = Yeri Pochuthe Bothai
| extra4 =
| length4 = 04:19
}}

== Legacy ==
In 2021, a writer from ''Cine Samugam'' wrote that this film, alongside ''[[Poovilangu]]'' (1984), ''[[Idhayam (film)|Idhayam]]'' (1991), ''[[Aanandham]]'' (2001) and ''[[Pasakiligal]]'' (2006) has kept Murali in our minds.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |date=9 March 2021 |title=மறைந்த நடிகர் முரளியின் குடும்பத்தை பார்த்துள்ளீர்களா - அவர் மகன் நடிகர் அதர்வா எடுத்த புகைப்படத்தை பாருங்க |url=https://cineulagam.com/article/have-you-seen-late-actor-muralis-family-1615288705 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240320044229/https://cineulagam.com/article/have-you-seen-late-actor-muralis-family-1615288705 |archive-date=20 March 2024 |access-date=20 March 2024 |website=Cineulagam |language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Karthick |date=29 May 2022 |title=நடிகர் அதர்வா தனது அப்பா முரளியுடன் சிறு வயதில் எடுத்துக்கொண்ட புகைப்படம்.. இதோ |url=https://cineulagam.com/article/atharva-with-his-dad-murali-in-his-childhood-1653830836 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240320044153/https://cineulagam.com/article/atharva-with-his-dad-murali-in-his-childhood-1653830836 |archive-date=20 March 2024 |access-date=20 March 2024 |website=Cineulagam |language=ta}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}

[[Category:1999 Indian films]]
[[Category:1999 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1999 drama films]]
[[Category:1999 films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Abu Dawud al-Sijistani

2026-03-03T03:37:28Z

PrakashBar: Enhanced content and organization

{{Short description|Islamic hadith scholar (c. 817 – 889)}}
{{other uses|Abu Dawud (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| religion = [[Islam]]
| era = [[Islamic golden age]] ([[Abbasid Caliphate|Abbasid era]])
| image = Abu Da'ud al-Sijistani (d. 889 AD); Kitab al-sunan, probably Andalusia, 13th century.jpg
| caption = Manuscript of al-Sijistani's ''Kitab al-sunan'', probably created in [[Al-Andalus]], dated 13th century
| name = Abu Dawud al-Sijistani
| birth_date = 817–18 CE / 202 AH
| birth_place = [[Sistan]], [[Abbasid Caliphate]]
| death_date = 889 CE / 275 AH
| death_place = [[Basra]], Abbasid Caliphate
| denomination = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]
| school =
| creed =
| notable_ideas =
| occupation = ''[[muhaddith]]''
| main_interests = ''[[Hadith|ḥadīth]]'' and ''[[fiqh]]''
| influences = [[Ibrahim ibn Ya'qub al-Juzajani]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Al-Bastawī|first=ʻAbd al-ʻAlīm ʻAbd al-ʻAẓīm | title=Al-Imām al-Jūzajānī wa-manhajuhu fi al-jarḥ wa-al-taʻdīl|year=1990|publisher=Maktabat Dār al-Ṭaḥāwī|page=9}}</ref> [[Ahmad ibn Hanbal]], [[Ali ibn al-Madini]], [[Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh]], [[Yahya ibn Ma'in]]
| influenced = [[Tirmidhi]], [[Al-Nasa'i]]
| works = ''[[Sunan Abī Dāwūd]]''
| nationality =
| region =
}}
'''Abū Dāwūd (Dā’ūd) Sulaymān ibn al-Ash‘ath ibn Isḥāq al-Azdī al-Sijistānī''' ({{langx|ar|أبو داود سليمان بن الأشعث الأزدي السجستاني}}), commonly known as '''Abū Dāwūd al-Sijistānī''', was a scholar of prophetic [[hadith]] who compiled the third of the [[Six major Hadith collections|six "canonical" hadith collections]] recognized by [[Sunni]] Muslims, the ''[[Sunan Abu Dawood|Sunan Abu Dāwūd]]''.

==Biography==
A [[Persians|Persian]] of [[Arabs|Arab]] descent,<ref name=Frye1975>{{Cite book|last1=Frye|first1=R. N.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hvx9jq_2L3EC&q=history+iran+volume+4+cambridge|title=The Cambridge History of Iran|last2=Fisher|first2=William Bayne|last3=Frye|first3=Richard Nelson|last4=Avery|first4=Peter|last5=Boyle|first5=John Andrew|last6=Gershevitch|first6=Ilya|last7=Jackson|first7=Peter|date=1975-06-26|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-20093-6|page=471|quote=Abu Da'ud Sulaiman b. Ash'ath al-Sijistani, a Persian but of Arab descent, who died in 275/888-9.|language=en|access-date=2020-10-01|archive-date=2022-07-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708142525/https://books.google.com/books?id=hvx9jq_2L3EC&q=history+iran+volume+4+cambridge|url-status=live}}</ref> Abū Dā’ūd was born in [[Sistan]] and died in 889 in [[Basra]]. He travelled widely collecting [[hadith|ḥadīth]] (traditions) from scholars in numerous locations including [[Iraq]], [[Egypt]], [[Syria]], [[Hijaz]], [[Tihamah]], [[Nishapur]] and [[Merv]]. His focus on legal ḥadīth arose from a particular interest in [[fiqh]] (law). His collection included 4,800 ḥadīth, selected from some 500,000. His son, Abū Bakr ‘Abd Allāh ibn Abī Dawud (died 928/929), was a well known ''[[Hafiz (Quran)|ḥāfiẓ]]'' and author of ''Kitāb al-Masābīh'', whose famous pupil was [[Al-Marzubānī|Abū 'Abd Allāh al-Marzubānī]].{{sfn|Nadīm (al)|1970|pp=164–6}}{{sfn|Khallikān (Ibn)|1843|loc=I|p=590}}

==School of thought and Quotes==
Abu Dawud has stated: "From this book of mine four [[Hadith]] are sufficient for an intelligent and insightful person.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Imam Abu Dawud|url = http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_abu_dawud.htm|website = www.sunnah.org|access-date = 2016-02-21|archive-date = 2018-02-15|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180215093725/http://sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_abu_dawud.htm|url-status = dead}}</ref> They are:
* Deeds are to be judged only by intentions.<ref>Shahih Al Bukhari, Imam Al Bukthari, Vol.1 Book 1 Hadith 1
</ref>
* Part of a man's good observance of Islam is that he leaves alone that which does not concern him.
* None of you can be a believer unless you love for your brother that which you love for yourself.
* The permitted (''halal'') is clear, and the forbidden (''haram'') is clear, between these two are doubtful matters. Whosoever abstains from these doubtful matters has saved his religion."

==Works==
Principal among his twenty-one works are:
*''[[Sunan Abu Dawood|Sunan Abu Dāwūd]]'': contains 4,800 [[hadith]]{{snd}}mostly [[Hadith terminology#Sahih|''sahih'']] (authenticated), some marked [[Hadith terminology#Da`if|''ḍaʿīf'']] (unauthenticated){{snd}}usually numbered after the edition of Muhammad Muhyi al-Din `Abd al-Hamid (Cairo: Matba`at Mustafa Muhammad, 1354 AH/1935 CE), where 5,274 are distinguished. Islamic scholar [[Ibn Hajar Asqalani|Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani]], and some others, believe a number of the unmarked hadith are [[Hadith terminology#Da`if|''ḍaʿīf'']].
*''Kitab al-Marāsīl'' lists 600 extensively investigated [[Hadith terminology#Sahih|''sahih'']] [[Hadith terminology#Mursal|''mursal hadith'']].
*''Risālat Abu Dāwūd ilā Ahli Makkah'': letter to the people of [[Mecca|Makkah]] describing his [[Sunan Abu Dawood|Sunan Abu Dāwūd]] collection.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dkh-islam.com/Content/Article.aspx?ATID=71 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090819072727/http://www.dkh-islam.com/Content/Article.aspx?ATID=71 |url-status=dead |title=Translation of the ''Risālah'' by Abū Dāwūd |archive-date=August 19, 2009}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Kutub al-Sittah]]
* [[Sunan Abu Dawood]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{Cite book |last=Baghdādī (al-) |author-link=Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi |first=Al-Khaṭīb Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn ‘Alī | title=Ta'rīkh Madīnat al-Salām (Ta'rīkh Baghdād) |place=Beirut|publisher=Dār al-Gharib al-Islāmī |year=2001 |volume=X, §4591 |page=75 |language=ar |url= https://archive.org/details/WAQtaba}}
*{{cite book |last= Khallikān (Ibn) |author-link= Ibn Khallikan|first=Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad |title=Wafayāt al-A'yān wa-Anbā' Abnā' al-Zamān (The Obituaries of Eminent Men) |translator-last=[[William McGuckin de Slane|McGuckin de Slane]] |translator-first=William |place= Paris |publisher=Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland |year=1843 |pages=590–91 |volume=I |url= https://archive.org/stream/WafayatAlAyantheObituariesOfEminentMenByIbnKhallikan/Vol1Of4WafayatAl-ayantheObituariesOfEminentMenByIbnKhallikan#page/n629/mode/2up}}
*{{cite book|last=Nadīm (al)|author-link=Ibn al-Nadim|first= Abū al-Faraj Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq Abū Ya’qūb al-Warrāq| title=The Fihrist of al-Nadim; a tenth-century survey of Muslim culture|editor-last=[[Bayard Dodge|Dodge]] |editor-first=Bayard |place=New York & London|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=1970|isbn=9780231029254|url=https://archive.org/details/fihristofalnadim0000ibna|url-access=registration}}
*{{Cite book|last= Nawawī (al-)|first= Abū Zakarīyā’ Yaḥyā|title=Kitāb Tahdhīb al-Asmā' (Biographical Dictionary of Illustrious Men)|editor-last= [[Ferdinand Wüstenfeld|Wüstenfeld]] |editor-first=Ferdinand|place= Göttingen |publisher= London Society for the Publication of the Oriental Texts|orig-year=1842|year=1847|language=ar|page=708 Arabic|url=https://archive.org/details/b30092966/page/n175}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite encyclopedia|last=Abderrazzaq|first=Mohammad A.|title=Sijistānī, Abū Dāʿūd al-.|year=2009|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World |publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-530513-5|editor1-last=Esposito|editor1-first=John L.|editor1-link=John L. Esposito|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-1082?rskey=gkmm46&result=7}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|last1=Bowker|first1=John|author1-link=John Bowker (theologian)|encyclopedia=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions|title=Abū Dāwūd al-Sijistānī|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780192800947.001.0001/acref-9780192800947-e-102?rskey=gkmm46&result=1|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2000|isbn=978-0-19-280094-7}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Esposito|editor1-first=John L.|editor1-link=John L. Esposito|title=Sijistani, Abu Daud al-|encyclopedia=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam |year=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-512558-0|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195125580.001.0001/acref-9780195125580-e-2207?rskey=gkmm46&result=6}}
* {{EI3|last1=Melchert|first1=Christopher|author1-link=Christopher Melchert|title=Abū Dāwūd al-Sijistānī|year=2007|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/abu-dawud-al-sijistani-SIM_0024}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Melchert|first1=Christopher|author1-link=Christopher Melchert|date=2008|title=The Life and Works of Abu Dāwūd al-Sijistāni|journal=Al-Qantara|volume=29|issue=1|pages=9–44|doi=10.3989/alqantara.2008.v29.i1.48|doi-access=free}}
* {{Encyclopaedia Islamica|last1=Pakatchi|first1=Ahmad|last2=Khodaverdian|first2=Shahram|title=Abū Dāwūd al-Sijistānī|year=2008|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-islamica/abu-dawud-al-sijistani-COM_0053?s.num=11&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-islamica&s.q=Maslama}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Robson|first1=James|date=1952|title=The Transmission of Abū Dāwūd's 'Sunan'|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies|volume=14|issue=3|pages=579–588|doi=10.1017/S0041977X00088534 |jstor=609117 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/609117}}
* {{EI2|last=Robson|first=J.|title=Abū Dāʾūd al-Sid̲j̲istānī|volume=1|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/abu-daud-al-sidjistani-SIM_0172}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|last=Thomas|first=David|editor-last=Thomas|editor-first=David|title=Abū Dāwūd Sulaymān ibn al-Ashʿath al-Sijistānī|encyclopedia=Christian-Muslim Relations 600 – 1500|date=24 March 2010|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/christian-muslim-relations-i/*-COM_23760|publisher=Brill Online}}

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
* [http://www.muslimscholars.info/manage.php?submit=scholar&ID=30002 Biodata at MuslimScholars.info] * [https://sunnah.com/abudawud/about Biography at Sunnah.com]
* [https://sunnah.com/abudawud/letter Letter from Imam Abu Dawud to the people of Makkah explaining his book, terms he uses, and his methodology.]
{{Hanbali scholars}}
{{People of Khorasan}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abu Dawood}}
[[Category:810s births]]
[[Category:888 deaths]]
[[Category:Iranian people of Arab descent]]
[[Category:Hadith compilers]]
[[Category:Taba‘ at-Tabi‘in]]
[[Category:9th-century jurists]]

Antony (2018 film)

2026-03-03T03:11:15Z

PrakashBar: done

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Antony
| image =
| caption =
| director = Kutti Kumar
| producer =
| writer = Kutti Kumar
| starring = {{ubl|[[Lal (actor)|Lal]]|[[Nishanth Russo|Nishanth]]|Vaishali}}
| music = Sivatmikha
| cinematography = R. Balaji
| editing = Karthikeyan
| studio = Adithya Entertainments
| distributor = Mass Entertainment
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2018|06|01|ref1=}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}
'''''Antony''''' is a 2018 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language action drama film written and directed by Kutti Kumar. The film stars [[Lal (actor)|Lal]], [[Nishanth Russo|Nishanth]], and Vaishali in the lead roles. The music was composed by Sivatmikha with cinematography by R. Balaji and editing by Karthikeyan. The film released on 1 June 2018.

== Cast ==
{{colbegin}}
*[[Lal (actor)|Lal]] as George
*[[Nishanth Russo|Nishanth]] as Antony
*Vaishali as Maha
*[[Rekha (Tamil actress)|Rekha]]
*[[Sampath Ram]]
*Cheranraj
*Veppam Raja
*Billa Jegan
*Rajkanth
*Shiva
*Rajkumar
{{colend}}

== Production ==
The film was marketed as "India’s first claustrophobic science thriller", with the premise of a man being stuck in a car underground.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2018 |title=Watch: Trailer for 'Antony,' supposedly 'India's first claustrophobic thriller' out |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/watch-trailer-antony-supposedly-indias-first-claustrophobic-thriller-out-82038 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518055817/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/watch-trailer-antony-supposedly-indias-first-claustrophobic-thriller-out-82038 |archive-date=18 May 2021 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=The News Minute}}</ref> The film was largely shot in [[Kodaikanal]]. The film was titled ''Antony'' as a tribute to actor [[Raghuvaran]], who immortalised the name in the film ''[[Baashha]]'' (1995).<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 December 2017 |title=Antony is a tribute to the late Raghuvaran |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/antony-is-a-tribute-to-the-late-raghuvaran/articleshow/62008580.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111113159/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/antony-is-a-tribute-to-the-late-raghuvaran/articleshow/62008580.cms |archive-date=11 January 2021 |access-date=27 October 2020 |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack was composed by debutant Sivatmikha, who composed songs for the album aged 19.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 November 2017 |title=I knew music was my future: Sivatmikha |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/i-knew-music-was-my-future-sivatmikha/articleshow/61561974.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317230426/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/i-knew-music-was-my-future-sivatmikha/articleshow/61561974.cms |archive-date=17 March 2022 |access-date=27 October 2020 |work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Jeshi |first=K. |date=14 November 2017 |title=I have millions of tunes in my head |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/sivatmikha-from-coimbatore-on-her-debut-as-the-music-director-of-antony/article20444166.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101172031/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/sivatmikha-from-coimbatore-on-her-debut-as-the-music-director-of-antony/article20444166.ece |archive-date=1 November 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |work=The Hindu |via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> She was approached by producer Vivek after she had promoted her work on [[Facebook]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=SimpliCity News |date=7 November 2017 |title=Debutante music director from Kovai finds foothold in 'Antony' |url=https://simplicity.in/coimbatore/english/article/533/Debutante-music-director-from-Kovai-finds-foothold-in-amplsquoAntonyamprsquo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031113909/https://simplicity.in/coimbatore/english/article/533/Debutante-music-director-from-Kovai-finds-foothold-in-amplsquoAntonyamprsquo |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=simplicity.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Behold 'Antony's Sivatmikha, the youngest composer in town |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2018/may/30/behold-antonys-sivatmikha-the-youngest-composer-in-town-1821609.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031143217/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2018/may/30/behold-antonys-sivatmikha-the-youngest-composer-in-town-1821609.html |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>

The songs of the film were released in a ceremony held in May 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2018 |title=Director S.A.Chandrasekar's speech at Antony audio launch |url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/director-sachandrasekars-speech-at-antony-audio-launch.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031024847/https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/director-sachandrasekars-speech-at-antony-audio-launch.html |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=Behindwoods}}</ref>

{{Infobox album
| name = Antony
| type = [[Soundtrack]]
| artist = Sivatmikha
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 2018
| recorded =
| genre = [[Soundtrack]]
| length = 16:34
| language = [[Tamil (language)|Tamil]]
| label = [[Divo (record label)|Divo]]
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title = [[Paava Kadhaigal]]
| next_year = 2020
}}

{{Track listing
|extra_column = Singer(s)
|all_lyrics =
|title1= Antony's Introduction
|extra1= Sivam
|length1= 2:05
|title2= Katrin Kadhal
|extra2= [[Yazin Nizar]], Sindhuri Vishal
|length2= 3:48
|title3= Ponukulle
|extra3= [[Velmurugan]]
|length3= 3:38
|title4= Aaradi Singam
|extra4= V. M. Mahalingam
|length4= 3:41
|title5= Thalaradhe
|extra5= Sivam
|length5= 3:22
}}

== Release and reception ==
The film was released on 1 June 2018. A critic from the [[Times of India]] gave the film a negative review, though added "the only takeaway for the audience is the somewhat slick cinematography, with a couple of memorable visuals".<ref>{{Cite news |title=Antony Movie Review {1.5/5}: Critic Review of Antony by Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/antony/movie-review/64390157.cms |work=The Times of India}}</ref> A reviewer from the Hindustan Times noted "the film with a promising premise loses to bad writing, poor performances by the actors and the sound. The one take away remains the visuals of the film, which are impressive."<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 June 2018 |title=Antony movie review: This claustrophobic thriller doesn't move fast enough |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/antony-movie-review-this-claustrophobic-thriller-doesn-t-move-fast-enough/story-ihkCudew5ayPWJaDqIWbLN.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101134055/https://www.hindustantimes.com/movie-reviews/antony-movie-review-this-claustrophobic-thriller-doesn-t-move-fast-enough/story-ihkCudew5ayPWJaDqIWbLN.html |archive-date=1 November 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> Further reviews from The New Indian Express and Deccan Chronicle were critical of the film's storyline.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Antony' review: This technically strong film needed better writing |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2018/jun/01/antony-review-this-technically-strong-film-needed-better-writing-1822543.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031020533/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2018/jun/01/antony-review-this-technically-strong-film-needed-better-writing-1822543.html |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |date=2 June 2018 |title=Antony movie review: Incoherent storyline, slackly narration derails this thriller |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/020618/antony-movie-review-suspense-thriller-incoherent-storyline-slackly-nar.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101183404/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/020618/antony-movie-review-suspense-thriller-incoherent-storyline-slackly-nar.html |archive-date=1 November 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=Deccan Chronicle}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|8665648}}

[[Category:2018 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2018 Indian films]]
[[Category:2018 films]]
[[Category:Indian action drama films]]
[[Category:2018 action drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Shastry Viruddh Shastry

2026-03-02T04:35:00Z

PrakashBar: Stub.

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Shastry Viruddh Shastry Poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = {{plainlist|
*[[Nandita Roy]]
*[[Shiboprosad Mukherjee]]
}}
| writer = {{plainlist|
*Anu Singh Choudhary
*Shiboprosad Mukherjee
*Nandita Roy
}}
| producer = {{plainlist|
*Ajit Andhare
*Alok Tripathi
*Kevin Vaz
}}
| starring = {{plainlist|
*[[Paresh Rawal]]
*[[Neena Kulkarni]]
*[[Shiv Panditt]]
*[[Mimi Chakraborty]]
*[[Manoj Joshi (actor)|Manoj Joshi]]
*[[Tiku Talsania]]
}}
| cinematography = {{plainlist|
*[[Sanu Varghese]]
}}
| editing = Malay Laha
| music =
| studio = {{plainlist|
*[[Viacom18 Studios]]
*Windows Production
}}
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2023|11|3|india}}
| runtime = 140 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
}}
'''''Shastry Viruddh Shastry''''' is a 2023 Indian [[Hindi]]-language family [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] written by Anu Singh Choudhary, Shiboprosad Mukherjee, and Nandita Roy, and directed by [[Nandita Roy]] and [[Shiboprosad Mukherjee]] in their Hindi film debut.The films stars [[Paresh Rawal]], [[Neena Kulkarni]], [[Shiv Panditt]], [[Mimi Chakraborty]] (in her Hindi debut) and Kabir Pahwa in the lead roles.

This film is a remake of the director-duo's own 2017 Bengali film ''[[Posto (film)|Posto]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Salunkhe |first=Sameer |date=7 November 2023 |title=Mimi Chakraborty on her role in Shastry Virudh Shastry: 'I could feel what losing a child must feel like' |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/mimi-chakraborty-on-her-role-in-shastry-virudh-shastry-i-could-feel-what-losing-a-child-must-feel-like/cid/1978322 |access-date=28 March 2024 |work=[[Telegraph India]]}}</ref>

== Plot ==
7-year-old Yaman Shastry who binds the family together lives in his grandparent care and his parents visit him on weekends. Things get twisted when Yaman's father gets a chance to settle in the US but Guruji is unwilling to let Yaman go.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Paresh Rawal]] as Manohar Shastry a.k.a. Guruji
* [[Neena Kulkarni]] as Urmila Shastry
* [[Shiv Panditt]] as Malhaar Shastry
* [[Mimi Chakraborty]] as Mallika Shastry
* Kabir Pahwa as Yaman Shastry a.k.a. Momoji
* [[Manoj Joshi (actor)|Manoj Joshi]] as Jitesh Mehta
* [[Tiku Talsania]] as Sunil Doshi
* [[Amruta Subhash]] as Shalini Patwardhan
* [[K. K. Raina|K.K. Raina]] as Judge
* [[Adinath Kothare|Addinath Kothare]] as Jayesh dave
* Amruta Sant as Shilpi
* Nand Kumar as Wilson
* Sayee Mone Patil as a Teacher at Momoji's school
* Ritooja Shinde as Aditi, Jayesh's wife
* Archana Deshmukh as Principal
}}

== Release ==
''Shastry Viruddh Shastry'' was theatrically released on 3 November 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2023-12-26 |title=Shastry Viruddh Shastry gets OTT release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/ott/news/2023/Dec/26/shastry-viruddh-shastry-gets-ott-release-date-50710.html |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>

== Reception ==
Deepa Gahlot of ''[[Scroll.in]]'' said "Hindi cinema has either demonised or deified the patriarch. Shastry Viruddh Shastry perhaps says that the era of the distant, inflexible father is drawing to an end, but until a workable model for the perfect dad – and the lax Malhar is not it – is created, kids will be tossed around and mothers will have to put up with it."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gahlot |first=Deepa |date=2023-11-03 |title='Shastry Viruddh Shastry' review: Many valid points in battle between generations |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1058492/shastry-viruddh-shastry-review-many-valid-points-in-battle-between-generations |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US}}</ref>

Abhishek Srivastava of ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated this film 3 stars out of 5 stars and said "This emotionally charged film takes the viewer on a relatable journey, particularly for urban couples who can identify with the events portrayed."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Shastry Virudh Shastry Movie Review : This social drama is a heartfelt exploration of modern parenting challenges |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/shastry-virudh-shastry/movie-review/104946997.cms |access-date=2024-03-28 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

Pratikshya Mishra of ''[[The Quint]]'' rated this film 2.5 stars out of 5 stars and said "In a battle between one generation that believes in ‘Parampara Pratishtha Anushasan’ and another that is trying to make a living in a cutthroat world that could lead to neglect, perhaps there can be no long-term solutions."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mishra |first=Pratikshya |date=2023-11-03 |title=Shastry Viruddh Shastry Review: Shorter Runtime Would've Helped This Decent Film |url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/shastry-viruddh-shastry-full-movie-review-kabir-pahwa-paresh-rawal-posto-remake-bengali-film |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=TheQuint |language=en}}</ref>

Sumit Rajguru of ''[[Times Now]]'' rated this film 2.5 stars out of 5 stars and said "Overall, Shastry Viruddh Shastry is a movie that is high on performances but low on emotions. The main cast did a fine job, but the slow pace and predictable storyline make the film average."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-03 |title=Shastry Viruddh Shastry Movie Review: Paresh Rawal Film Lacks Emotions But Excels In Performances |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/reviews/bollywood/shastry-viruddh-shastry-movie-review-paresh-rawal-film-lacks-emotions-but-excels-in-performances-review-104926058 |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=TimesNow |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{IMDb title|qid=Q123338264|id=tt27621015}}

{{Nandita Roy and Shiboprosad Mukherjee}}

[[Category:2023 films]]
[[Category:2023 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2023 Indian films]]
[[Category:Hindi-language drama films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Windows Production films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Nandita Roy and Shiboprosad Mukherjee]]

Bileshivale inscriptions and hero stones

2026-02-27T21:11:45Z

PrakashBar: Creating details

{{Short description|Temple inscriptions in Karnataka, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2025}}
{{Coord|13.051444|N|77.666250|E|type:landmark|display=title}}
[[File:Bileshivale 1399CE Damodara Setti Tamil Inscription 01.jpg|thumb|315x315px|A Street View of the Bileshivale 1399CE Damodara Setti Tamil Inscription. ]]
[[Bileshivale]] is a historic locality in [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]]. An inscription at Bileshivale is being documented here for the first time. It documents existence of a temple in the 14th century at Bileshivale, the location of which cannot be ascertained. This inscription shows that Kalkere, the lake and the place are at least 700 years old.

== Bileshivale 1399CE Damodara Setti Inscription ==
{{Infobox
| name = Damodara Setti Tamil Inscription
| title = Damodara Setti Tamil Inscription
| image = [[File:Digital Image Obtained by 3D Scanning of The Bileshivale 1399CE Damodara Setti Tamil Inscription 01.png|300px|alt=Bileshivale Damodara Inscription front]]
| caption = Text on the frontal face
| image2 = [[File:Digital Image Obtained by 3D Scanning of The Bileshivale 1399CE Damodara Setti Tamil Inscription 02.png|300px|alt=Bileshivale Damodara Inscription lateral]]
| caption2 = Text on the lateral face
| datastyle = Infobox album
| label1 = Language
| data1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| label2 = Height
| data2 = {{convert|114|cm|in|abbr=on}}
| label3 = Width
| data3 = {{convert|77|cm|in|abbr=on}}
| label4 = Discovered place
| data4 = Bileshavile, [[Bengaluru]], [[Karnataka]]
| label5 = Discovered
| data5 = 1911
| label6 = Present location
| data6 = {{coord|13.0514444|77.66625}}
}}
=== Discovery And Dating ===
[[File:3D_scanning_ofBileshivale_1399CE_Damodara_Setti_Tamil_Inscription_03.jpg|thumb|317x317px|3D scanning of the Bileshivale 1399CE Damodara Setti Tamil Inscription. ]]
This inscription was first noticed in 1911 by R Narasimhachar (Head, Mysore Archaeological Department) and documented in the Annual Report of The Archaeological Survey Of Mysore For The Year 1910 To 1912. Subsequently, There is no mention of the inscription in literature. Kalkere Lake guardian Mark Mackenna Anthony noticed this inscription near a sewage drain during his morning stroll in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Down the drain, a piece of history |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/down-the-drain-a-piece-of-history/articleshow/63963616.cms |website=bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com}}</ref> It has since been conserved opposite Creative School, L G Lakedew, Bileshivale.{{fact|date=June 2025}}

In 2022, this inscription was identified and 3D digital scanned by the Mythic Society Bengaluru Inscriptions 3D Digital Conservation Project team based on media reports about the inscription.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/qjms-vol-113-2-2022-43-undocumented-bengaluru-inscriptions/mode/1up |title=Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society |publisher=The Mythic Society |date=April–July 2022 |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Mythic Society |url=https://mythicsociety.org/ |access-date=2024-03-25 |website=mythicsociety.org}}</ref>

=== Transliteration Of The Text ===
The inscription is in Tamil and the script is [[Grantha script|Grantha]] and [[Tamil language|Tamil]]. The inscription was deciphered by Citizen Epigraphists, Soundari Rajkumar & Pon Karthikeyan. As the text flows from the left side of the stone to the front side, the table below consolidates text from both sides into one line for ease of reading purposes The exact transliteration of the inscription in Kannada and ISAT (line numbers are not part of the original inscription, including them is a default practice with inscriptions) are as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!sl no.
![[Tamil script|Tamil]]
![[Kannada script|Kannada]]
![[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]]
|-
|
|...வருஷம் 4500* இதில் ஶகாப்தம்
|...ವರುಷಂ 4500* ಇತಿಲ್ ಶಕಾಪ್ತಂ
|...varuṣam 4500* itil śakāptam
|-
|
|...ராஜராஜ பரமேஸ்வர ஸ்ரீ வீரஹரி
|...ರಾಜರಾಜ ಪರಮೇಸ್ವರ ಶ್ರೀ ವೀರಹರಿ
|...rājarāja paramesvara śrī vīrahari
|-
|
|...நின்ற காலத்து ப்ருமாதி வருஷத்து
|...ನಿನ಼್ಱ ಕಾಲತ್ತು ಪ್ರುಮಾತಿ ವರುಷತ್ತು
|...niṉṟa kālattu prumāti varuṣattu
|-
|
|...த்து வெளண்ரையும் ப்ரஹஸ்ப தி வ
|...ತ್ತು ವೆಳಣ್ರೈಯುಂ ಪ್ರಹಸ್ಪ ತಿ ವ
|...ttu vĕl̤aṇraiyum prahaspa ti va
|-
|
|...ரலி சோழ வளநாட்டுச் சண்ணை
|...ರಲಿ ಚೋೞ ವಳನಾಟ್ಟುಚ್ ಚಣ್ಣೈ
|...rali coḻa val̤anāṭṭuc caṇṇai
|-
|
|...யக்கு செய்வார் கற்கிறையில்
|...ಯಕ್ಕು ಚೆಯ್ವಾರ್ ಕಱ್ಕಿಱೈಯಿಲ್
|...yakku cĕyvār kaṟkiṟaiyil
|-
|
|...வா மகன் தாமோதர செட்டியா(ர்)
|...ವಾ ಮಕನ಼್ ತಾಮೋತರ ಚೆಟ್ಟಿಯಾ(ರ್)
|...vā makaṉ tāmotara cĕṭṭiyā(r)
|-
|
|...ஸ்ரீ ஸ்ரீ
|...ಶ್ರೀ ಶ್ರೀ
|...śrī śrī
|}
=== Summary Of The Text ===
MAR mentions the inscription on two stones, today, only one of these is traceable. So rather than provide an incomplete summary based on this one stone, a complete summary is provided here based on the narration in MAR. This inscription explains that during the rule of Rajadiraja Raja Parameshwara Vira Harirayan, Damodara Settiyar of Kalkere, who was the superintendent of Tenkuru Nadu in Sannai Nadu of Nigarili Sola Mandalam had made this lamp pillar.

== See also ==

* [[Indian inscriptions|Indian Inscriptions]]
* [[History of Bangalore]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Inscription stones of Bengaluru]]

Tayyab Husain

2026-02-21T22:22:46Z

PrakashBar: cleanup lead based on references and updated info for clarity

{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{Distinguish|Tayyab Hussain}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = [[Chaudhary]]
| name = Tayyab Husain
| image =
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| term_start = 24 August 2001

| predecessor = [[Dharam Vir Vasisht]]
| successor = [[Chaudhary Rahim Khan]]
| primeminister1 =
| term_start1 = 10 March 1971
| term_end1 = 20 March 1977
| predecessor1 = [[Abdul Ghani Dar]]
| successor1 = ''Constituency abolished''
| term_end3 = 8 December 2003
| constituency = [[Faridabad Lok Sabha constituency|Faridabad]], [[Haryana]]
| constituency1 = [[Gurgaon Lok Sabha constituency|Gurgaon]], [[Haryana]]

{{collapsed infobox section begin
|last = y
|State Government Ministries and Portfolios
|titlestyle = border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}

{{Infobox officeholder
|embed = yes

| office2 = [[Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare|Minister of Agriculture]], [[Government of Rajasthan]]
| 1blankname2 = [[1993 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|Additional Ministries and Departments]]
| 1namedata2 = * Groundwater
* Rural Development
*Medical and Health
| term_start2 = 25 November 1998
| term_end2 = 8 December 2003
| office3 = [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Home Minister]], [[Government of Haryana]]
| 1blankname3 = [[1987 Haryana Legislative Assembly election|Additional Ministries and Departments]]
| 1namedata3 = * Waqf
* Fisheries
* Development & Panchayat
* Agriculture
* Revenue
* Finance
* Planning
* Institutional Finance & Credit Control
| term_start3 = 1988
| term_end3 = 1991
| office4 = [[Minister of State for Health]], [[Government of Punjab, India|Government of Punjab]]
| 1blankname4 = [[1962 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Additional Department]]
| 1namedata4 = * Public Works
| term_start4 = 8 February 1962
| term_end4 = 21 June 1964
| 1namedata5 =

{{Collapsed infobox section end}}}}

| otherparty = [[Indian National Congress (I)]], [[Indian National Congress (Jagjivan)]], [[Lokdal]]
| caption = Official portrait, 1998
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1936|4|5}}
| birth_place = Village Rehna, [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]], [[British Raj|British India]] {{small|(present-day [[Nuh (city)|Nuh]], [[Haryana]], [[India]])}}
| children = [[Zakir Hussain (Haryana politician)|Zakir Hussain]] [[Zahida Khan (Indian politician)|Zahida Khan]] [[Fazal Hussain (Indian politician)|Fazal Hussain]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| alma_mater = [[Aligarh Muslim University]]
| profession = [[Politician]], [[advocate]]
| nationality = Indian
| death_place = [[Gurgaon, Haryana]]
| death_date = {{death date|df=y|2008|10|7}}
| parents = [[Yasin Khan]]
}}

'''Chaudhary Tayyab Husain''' (7 September 1936 – 7 October 2008) was an Indian politician, who served as a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] from [[Gurgaon Lok Sabha constituency|Gurgaon]] and [[Faridabad Lok Sabha constituency|Faridabad]] in the [[Lok Sabha]]. He also served as the [[Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare|Minister of Agriculture of Rajasthan]], [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Home Minister of Haryana]] and [[Ministry of Health and Family Welfare|Minister of State for Health of Punjab]].<ref name=":0" />

He holds the rare distinction of being elected as a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] to three different [[States and union territories of India|Indian states]] and serving as a [[Minister (government)|minister]] in the cabinet of all three.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |title=Former Minister Tayyab Husain is dead |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/Former-Minister-Tayyab-Husain-is-dead/article15318426.ece |work=The Hindu|date=7 October 2008 }}</ref> He was elected a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the]] [[Punjab Legislative Assembly|Punjab]], [[Haryana Legislative Assembly|Haryana]] and [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|Rajasthan]] Legislative Assemblies six times on different occasions with a political career spanning over 40 years.<ref name=":0" />

Husain was a prominent leader among the Meo Muslim community.<ref name=":0" />

== Early life ==
Husain was born to [[Yasin Khan]] in the village of Rehna which is situated in the [[Nuh district]] of [[Haryana]].<ref name=":0" /> His father was a prominent political and social leader in the [[Mewat|Mewat region]] of India. His father was a Member of the Punjab Provincial Assembly and the Punjab Legislative Assembly for over 30 years.{{cn|date=September 2024}}

After graduating in law from [[Aligarh Muslim University]], Husain served twice as the General Secretary of Aligarh Muslim University Old Boys Association. He was a founding member of the India Islamic Cultural Center at New Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mahmood |first=Dr. Syed Zafar |date= |title=India Islamic Cultural Centre,1981–2018, Genesis Aims Obligations |url=http://www.zakatindia.org/images4/IICC-1981-2018-Genesis-Aims-%20Obligations.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=zakatindia.org}}</ref>

== Political career ==
Husain was a career politician who is associated in recent times with [[Aaya Ram Gaya Ram]] politics. He switched parties 3 times in one MLA term. He has been associated with the [[Indian National Congress]], [[Indian National Congress|Indian National Congress (I)]], [[Indian National Congress (Jagjivan)]] and the [[Lokdal|Lokdal party]]. He was a prominent political figure in [[Indian politics]], even in the early years of his career. In 1962, he was elected to the [[Punjab Legislative Assembly]], and became the youngest minister in [[Partap Singh Kairon]]'s government at age 26. He remained a member of the Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan legislative assemblies for some time, and became Minister in the three states. He was a Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha for two terms, from the Gurgaon constituency in 1971,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.elections.in/haryana/parliamentary-constituencies/gurgaon.html |title=List of winner/current and runner up MPs Gurgaon Parliamentary Constituency. |publisher=elections.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS71.pdf |title=GENERAL ELECTIONS, INDIA 1971 |publisher=eci.nic.in}}</ref> and the Faridabad constituency in 1980.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of winner/current and runner up MPs Faridabad Parliamentary Constituency |url=http://www.elections.in/haryana/parliamentary-constituencies/faridabad.html |publisher=elections.in}}</ref>

=== Positions held ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!#
!From
!To
!Position
!Party
|-
|1.
|1962
|1967
|[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] from [[Ferozepur Jhirka]], [[Punjab Legislative Assembly|Punjab]]
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|-
|2.
|1971
|1976
|[[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]] in [[6th Lok Sabha]] from [[Gurgaon Lok Sabha constituency|Gurgaon, Haryana]]
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|-
|3.
|1980
|1984
|[[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]] in [[7th Lok Sabha]] from [[Faridabad Lok Sabha constituency|Faridabad, Haryana]]
|[[Indian National Congress|INC(I)]]
|-
|4.
|1984
|1987
|[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] from [[Taoru Assembly constituency|Taoru]], [[Haryana Legislative Assembly|Haryana]]
|ICJ
|-
|5.
|1987
|1988
|[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] from [[Taoru Assembly constituency|Taoru]], [[Haryana Legislative Assembly|Haryana]]
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|-
|6.
|1988
|1991
|[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] from [[Taoru Assembly constituency|Taoru]], [[Haryana Legislative Assembly|Haryana]]
|[[Lokdal|LKD]]
|-
|7.
|1993
|2003
|[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] from [[Kaman Assembly constituency|Kaman]], [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|Rajasthan]]
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|}

=== Ministries held ===

* Minister of State for Public Works Department & Health in the Government of Punjab (1962-1964)
* Minister of Home, Waqf, Fisheries, Development & Panchayat, Agriculture, Revenue, Finance, Planning, Institutional Finance & Credit Control in the Government of Haryana. (1962-1964)
* Minister of Agriculture, Groundwater, Rural Development, Medical & Health in the Government of Rajasthan (1998-2003)

== Personal life ==
He has two sons, [[Zakir Hussain (Haryana politician)|Zakir Hussain]] and [[Fazal Hussain (Indian politician)|Fazal Hussain]], and a daughter, [[Zahida Khan (Indian politician)|Zahida Khan]].

== Later life and death ==
Husain remained president of All India Mewati Panchayat, the Mewat Education Board and Governing Body, and the [[Yasin Meo Degree College]] until his death. Husain later died in the city of Gurgaon on 7 October 2008.

A question relating to Husain was asked on the 7th season of the Indian game show, [[Kaun Banega Crorepati]].{{Relevant?|date=September 2024}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Husain, Tayyab}}
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Haryana]]
[[Category:2008 deaths]]
[[Category:1936 births]]
[[Category:Aligarh Muslim University alumni]]
[[Category:Meo people]]
[[Category:People from Nuh district]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Haryana]]
[[Category:Haryana MLAs 1982–1987]]
[[Category:Haryana MLAs 1987–1991]]
[[Category:Lok Dal politicians]]

S. D. Subbulakshmi

2026-02-16T00:58:03Z

PrakashBar:

{{Short description|Indian actress and singer}}
{{Distinguish|M. S. Subbulakshmi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Indian name|Subbulakshmi|Srivaikundam Duraisamy}}
{{Infobox person
| name = '''S. D. Subbulakshmi'''
| image =
| caption = S. D. Subbulakshmi
| birth_name = Srivaikundam Duraisamy Subbulakshmi
| alias =
| birth_date =
| death_date = 1987
| death_place =
| occupation = film actor, singer
| years_active = 1934–1964
| label_name =
| spouse = [[K. Subramanyam]]
}}

'''Srivaikundam Duraisamy Subbulakshmi''' was an Indian actress and singer who was active in Tamil cinema during the 1930s and 1940s. She was the wife of film director [[K. Subramanyam]].<ref name="thehindu_20040405">{{cite news |title=M. S. and the two centenarians |date=5 April 2004 |url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/04/05/stories/2004040500320300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040705144139/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/04/05/stories/2004040500320300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 July 2004 |work=[[The Hindu]] |first=S. |last=Muthiah |authorlink=S. Muthiah}}</ref> She is credited with having introduced the singer and family friend of hers, [[M. S. Subbulakshmi]] to Tamil cinema and mentored her in her early days.<ref name="thehindu_20040405" />

==Early life==
S. D. Subbulakshmi was born in Srivaikundam to Duraisamy and Janaki Ammal. Since childhood, S. D. Subbulakshmi showed keen interest in stage dramas. The family moved to Madurai, where she learned carnatic music and dance. Her parents took photos of her in various makeups and showed them to a number of drama companies. This had assisted her to start as a child actress in stage plays. She grew up acting in stage dramas and managed to act in a number of dramas with well-known artists such as [[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]], [[K. B. Sundarambal]] and [[T. R. Mahalingam (actor)|T. R. Mahalingam]] and earned a very good name. ''Pavalakkodi'' was one such drama where she had acted with M. K. Thiagaraja Bhagavather and became very famous.

==Cinema life==
Letchumanan Chettiar or Lena Chettiar of Krishna Pictures, who has seen the drama wanted to picturise the drama and requested [[Krishnaswami Subrahmanyam|K. Subrahmanyam]] to direct that film. Lena Chettiar and K. Subrahmanyam watched the drama together. K. Subrahmanyam suggested retaining the same artists who acted in drama to be in the film too and Lena Chettiar agreed to this. Through [[Pavalakkodi (1934 film)|Pavalakkodi]], S. D. Subbulakshmi entered into Tamil Cinema in 1934. She became a famous heroine in the 1930s till mid-1940s, then she switched to mother and supporting roles.

==Introducing M. S. Subbulakshmi==
S. D. Subbulakshmi became instrumental in introducing [[M. S. Subbulakshmi]] when she persuaded [[Krishnaswami Subrahmanyam|K. Subrahmanyam]] to give the daughter of her friend Madurai Shanmugavadivu, a chance on the concert stage at the exhibition he was organising in connection with the 1932 Mahamagam Festival in Kumbakonam. Thus, it was also K. Subrahmanyam who first helped to make M. S. Subbulakshmi a star in the world of song. It was on that stage that M. S. Subbulakshmi became a star.

Later, when he negotiated with Sadasivam for the film rights for a story serialised in ''[[Ananda Vikatan]]'', starring M. S. Subbulakshmi in the film, she came almost as part of the package. Thus started M. S. Subbulakshmi's film career in ''[[Sevasadanam]]'' with S. D. Subbulakshmi guiding throughout.<ref name="thehindu_20040405"/>

==Family life==
S. D. Subbulakshmi married the lawyer turned director K. Subramanyam with the consent of his first wife Meenatchi. K. Subramanyam kept both families together and managed them without any discrimination between them. She had a son named Abaswaram Ramji.

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 1934 || ''[[Pavalakkodi (1934 film)|Pavalakkodi]]'' || Princess Pavalakkodi ||
|-
| 1935 || ''[[Naveena Sadaram]]'' || Sadharam ||
|-
| 1936 || ''[[Usha Kalyanam]]'' || Usha ||
|-
| 1936 || ''[[Kuchela (1936 film)|Kuchela]]'' || Lord Krishna and Suseela ||
|-
| 1936 || ''[[Naveena Sarangadhara (1936 film)|Naveena Sarangadhara]]'' || Chitrangi ||
|-
| 1937 || ''[[Mr. Ammanchi]]'' || ||
|-
| 1939 || ''[[Thyaga Bhoomi]]'' || Savithri ||
|-
| 1942 || ''[[Ananthasayanam (1942 film)|Ananthasayanam]]'' || Mohini ||
|-
| 1943 || ''[[Krishna Sudhaama]] '' || || Kannada
|-
| 1945 || ''[[Maanasamrakshanam]]'' || ||
|-
| 1946 || ''[[Vikatayogi]]'' || ||
|-
| 1952 || ''[[Andhaman Kaidhi]]'' || Kamatchi ||
|-
| 1952 || ''[[Panam (film)|Panam]]'' || ||
|-
| 1954 || ''[[Thookku Thookki]]'' || ||
|-
| 1954 || ''[[Thuli Visham]]'' || ||
|-
| 1955 || ''[[Gulebakavali (1955 film)|Gulebakavali]]'' || ||
|-
| 1956 || ''[[Mathar Kula Manickam]]'' || ||
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Raja Rajan (film)|Raja Rajan]]'' || Queen Senbagavalli ||
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Rani Lalithangi]]'' || Empress Angaiyarkanni ||
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Sampoorna Ramayanam (1958 film)|Sampoorna Ramayanam]]'' || [[Kausalya]] ||
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Aana Valarthiya Vanampadi]]'' || Thankamani || Malayalam
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Aana Valarthiya Vanampadi|Yaanai Valartha Vaanampaadi]]'' || Thangamani ||
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Kalyana Parisu]]'' || Vasanthi and Geetha's mother ||
|-
| 1960 || ''[[Kadavulin Kuzhandhai]]'' || ||
|-
| 1960 || ''[[Sivagami]]'' || ||
|-
| 1962 || ''[[Pattinathar (1962 film)|Pattinathar]]'' || Meenatchi ||
|-
| 1964 || ''[[Pattanathil Bhootham]]'' || Latha's mother ||
|-
| 1966 || ''[[Sadhu Mirandal]]'' || Parvarthy || Tamil; Special Appearance
|-
| 1970 || ''[[Engirundho Vandhaal]]'' || Radha / Kamala's mother||
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.kalyanamalaimagazine.com/Content/Thiraichuvai/Sep12_16_30/Potpourri_of_titbits_about_Tamil_cinema_SD_Subbulakshmi.html Article on S. D. Subbulakshmi]

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Subbulakshmi, S. D.}}
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Tamil actresses]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Tamil-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Indian women playback singers]]
[[Category:Actresses from Madurai]]
[[Category:Singers from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:Women musicians from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Kannada cinema]]

Belgachia

2026-02-06T10:41:24Z

PrakashBar:

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement



|name = Belgachia 
|official_name =
|other_name =
|native_name = 
|nickname =
|settlement_type = Neighbourhood in Kolkata (Calcutta) 
|total_type = 
|motto =

|image_skyline = Belgachhia Rajbari.JPG
|image_caption = [[Belgachia Villa|Belgachia Rajbari]]
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|pushpin_map = India Kolkata#India West Bengal
|pushpin_label_position = 
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kolkata
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|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{IND}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
|subdivision_type2 = City
|subdivision_name2 = [[Kolkata]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]]
|subdivision_name3 = [[Kolkata district|Kolkata]]
|subdivision_type4 = [[Kolkata Metro|Metro Station]]
|subdivision_name4 = [[Belgachia metro station|Belgachia]]
|subdivision_type5 =
|subdivision_name5 =
|subdivision_type6 =
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|seat_type = [[Municipal Corporation]]
|seat = [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
|parts_type = [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation|KMC]] wards
|parts_style = 
|parts = [[Ward No. 3, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|3]], [[Ward No. 5, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|5]]
|p1 =
|p2 = 

|government_footnotes =
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|utc_offset = +5:30
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|coordinates = {{coord|22|36|N|88|23|E|display=inline,title|region:IN_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}

|postal_code_type = PIN
|postal_code = 700037
|area_code = +91 33
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Kolkata Uttar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kolkata Uttar]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Kashipur Belgachhia (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kashipur Belgachhia]]
|website =
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'''Belgachia''' is a neighbourhood of [[North Kolkata]] in [[Kolkata district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebloggermoon.home.blog/2019/07/22/the-mansions-of-kolkata-vol3-belgachia-rajbari/|title=THE MANSIONS OF KOLKATA VOL3- BELGACHIA RAJBARI|publisher=|date=22 July 2019|access-date=25 August 2025}}</ref>

==History==
The [[East India Company]] obtained from the [[Mughal emperors|Mughal emperor]] [[Farrukhsiyar]], in 1717, the right to rent from 38 villages surrounding their settlement. Of these 5 lay across the [[Hooghly River|Hooghly]] in what is now Howrah district. The remaining 33 villages were on the Calcutta side. After the fall of [[Siraj-ud-daulah]], the last independent [[Nawab of Bengal]], it purchased these villages in 1758 from [[Mir Jafar]] and reorganised them. These villages were known en-bloc as ''[[Dihi Panchannagram]]'' and Belgachia was one of them. It was considered to be a suburb beyond the limits of the [[Maratha Ditch]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1916_PART_A_DCHB_KOLKATA.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Kolkata, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Pages 6-10: The History | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 20 February 2018}}</ref><ref>Cotton, H.E.A., ''Calcutta Old and New'', first published 1909/reprint 1980, pages 103-4 and 221, General Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd.</ref><ref>Nair, P.Thankappan, ''The Growth and Development of Old Calcutta'', in ''Calcutta, the Living City'', Vol. I, pp. 14-15, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Oxford University Press, 1995 edition.</ref>

== Transport ==
[[File:West Bengal Transport Corporation, Belgachia depot.jpg|thumb|Belgachia CTC (WBTC) Depot]]
Belgachia Road (part of [[Jessore Road]]) passes through Belgachia. It is connected to [[Tala, Kolkata|Tala]], [[Paikpara]] and Northern Avenue via Manmatha Dutta Road-Tara Shankar Sarani and JK Mitra Road-Raja Manindra Road. Many buses ply along these roads. There is also Belgachia CTC (WBTC) Depot on Belgachia Road.<ref>Google maps</ref>

Important Bus routes of Belgachia are as follows:

* 3B (Milk Colony - New Alipore)
* 3D (Milk Colony - Sakherbazar)
* D-36 (Belgachia - Ecospace)
* ACT-36 (Belgachia - Ecospace)
* D-36A (Belgachia - Ecospace)
* 3C/1 (Nagerbazar - Anandapur)
* 30D (Dum Dum Cant - Babughat)
* 30C (Hatiara - Babughat)
* 47B (Lake Town - Kasba Dhanmath)
* 79B (Barasat - Baghbazar)
* 219 (Nagerbazar - Howrah Stn)
* 211A (Ahiritola - Langolpota)
* 215/1 (Lake Town - Howrah Stn)
* 227 (Bangur Ave - B.N.R)
* KB-16 (Bangur Ave - Shapoorji)
* AC 40 (Airport - Howrah Maidan)
* 93 (Kharibari - Baghbazar)
* 91 (Bhangar - Shyambazar)
* 91A (Harao Banstala - Shyambazar)
* DN-18 (Baduria - Shyambazar)

Belgachia is connected to [[Shyambazar]] via Belgachia Rail Overbridge. Earlier there was a tram service up to Belgachia, but now tram tracks are asphalted and tram service is shut down since 2019, due to the excessive pressure on the Belgachia Rail Overbridge.<ref>{{cite web|title=Belgachia Bridge|date=24 October 2019|url=http://www.millenniumpost.in/kolkata/pwd-set-to-remove-tram-tracks-from-belgachia-bridge-381359}}</ref>

[[Kolkata railway station]] is located here, which is one of the 5 major railway hub stations of [[Kolkata Metropolitan Area]].

[[Belgachia metro station]] is the nearest metro station of [[Kolkata Metro]].

== Jain Temple ==
[[File:Belgachhia Pareshnath Mandir (1).jpg|thumb|Belgachia Pareshnath Mandir]]

Shree Digambar Jain Pareswanath Temple is considered one of the most sacred Jain temple of worship in Kolkata.<ref>{{citation |last=Shah |first=Natubhai |title=Jainism: The World of Conquerors |url={{Google books|qLNQKGcDIhsC|pg=PR84|plainurl=yes}} |volume=1 |date=2004 |orig-year=First published in 1998 |publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] |isbn=81-208-1938-1 | page=84 }}</ref> This temple was built in 1914 and belongs to Diagambar sect of Jainism. This Nagar style temple, with ornamental pillars and sculptures copied from the old Jain temples and caves, casts its shadow in the adjoining tank. The temple is surrounded by four gardens. An 81 feet high Manastambha (Pillar of Pride) with white marble is one of the major attraction of this temple. This temple is dedicated to [[Parshvanatha]], the twenty-third tirthakar of Jainism. The temple also has a dharamshala equipped with modern facilities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kolkatacitytours.com/digambar-jain-paraswanath-temple-kolkata/|title=Paraswanath Temple – Digambar | Kolkata City Tours}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.digambarjainonline.com/pilgri/begachia.htm |title=Shree digambar Jain Parasvanath Temple Belgachia Kolkata |access-date=27 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160716190021/http://www.digambarjainonline.com/pilgri/begachia.htm |archive-date=16 July 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Healthcare==
[[File:R.G. Kar Medical College.jpg|thumb|[[R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital]]]]
[[R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital]] near Belgachia is one of the five [[Health care in Kolkata|government medical colleges and hospitals]] in Kolkata. The medical college is affiliated with the [[West Bengal University of Health Sciences]] and offers undergraduate and post graduate courses.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://rgkarmedicalcollege.org/|title = R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital | publisher= RGKMC| access-date = 11 April 2018}}</ref> The hospital has 1,200 beds.<ref name="health">{{cite web| url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/Hospitals.pdf| title = Health Statistics -> Hospital| work = District:Kolkata| publisher = Government of West Bengal| access-date = 11 April 2018| archive-date = 14 September 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200914160418/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/Hospitals.pdf| url-status = dead}}</ref> With the broad vision of taking medical education beyond the limited sphere of the colonial rulers, [[Radha Gobinda Kar|Dr. Radha Gobinda Kar]] and other eminent personalities of the period established the Calcutta School of Medicine in 1886. It had its own building in 1902. It was amalgamated, in 1904, with the College of Physicians and Surgeons, which was founded in 1895. Belgachia Medical College, was formally inaugurated in 1916 by [[Thomas Gibson-Carmichael, 1st Baron Carmichael|Lord Carmichael]], the first governor of Bengal, after annulment of the [[Partition of Bengal (1905)]]. In 1919, the [[University of Calcutta]] granted it affiliation for the MB course. As Lord Carmichael played a leading role in the development, the college was named after him. In 1948, the college was renamed after its founder and in 1958, it was taken over by the Government of West Bengal.<ref>{{cite journal| pmc = 3208697 |volume = 73|issue = 5|pages = 390–393 |year = 2011|last1 = Chakrabarti|first1 = D. K.|last2 = Mukherjee|first2 = R.|last3 = Bandyopadhyay|first3 = S. K.|last4 = Nath|first4 = S.|last5 = Mukherjee|first5 = S. K.| title=R.G.Kar Medical College, Kolkata—A Premiere Institute of India | journal=Indian Journal of Surgery |pmid = 23024555|doi = 10.1007/s12262-011-0327-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Carmichael,_Lord|title = Carmichael, Lord | website= Banglapedia| access-date = 11 April 2018}}</ref> In 2017, R. G. Kar Medical College was ranked 11th among medical colleges in India by ''[[India Today]]''.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.indiatoday.in/bestcolleges/2017/medical-bestcollege|title = Directory of Best Colleges, 2017: Medical | publisher= India Today | access-date = 11 April 2018}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Calcutta Jain Temple]]
* [[Jainism in West Bengal]]
* [[Kashipur Belgachhia (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kashipur Belgachia (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]]
* [[Belgachia East (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]]
* [[Belgachia West (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Kolkata neighbourhoods}}

[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Kolkata]]
[[Category:20th-century Jain temples]]

Manjay Lal

2026-02-05T19:57:09Z

PrakashBar: Enhanced article with new information

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}
{{like resume|date=August 2023}}
'''Manjay Lal''' also known as '''Manjay Lal Kushwaha'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/chunav/lok-sabha-chunav/samastipur-lok-sabha-chunav-2024-seat-details-voting-date-candidates-list-election-result-and-news/2137355|title=Samastipur Lok Sabha constituency history}}</ref> (2 January 1925, Rampur Bakhari, [[Muzaffarpur]], [[Bihar]] - 29 April 2007 [[Patna]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]) was an Indian politician from [[Janata Dal (United)]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Title : References regarding passing away |url=https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/731147/1/8734.pdf |publisher=eparlib |access-date=29 January 2022 |archive-date=29 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129075055/https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/731147/1/8734.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> He has served as member of the [[Lok Sabha]] ([http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=239&lastls=13 House Of The People]) representing [[Samastipur (Lok Sabha constituency)]]. He was elected to 9th, 10th and 13th Lok Sabha.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=239&lastls=13 |title=Members Bioprofile - |access-date=26 December 2017 |archive-date=25 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025150232/http://164.100.47.194/LOKSabha/members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=239&lastls=13 |url-status=live }}</ref> Lal was also the [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] in [[Muzaffarpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Muzaffarpur]] from 1977 to 1980.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/archive/electionanalysis/AE/S04/partycomp59.htm|title=59 - Muzaffarpur Assembly Constituency|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|accessdate=7 February 2011|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302103825/http://eci.nic.in/archive/electionanalysis/AE/S04/partycomp59.htm|archivedate=2 March 2018|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

== Positions held ==

* 1970-1976 - Member, [[Bihar Legislative Council]]
* 1977-1979 - Member, [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]], Minister of State for Personnel and Transport, Bihar; Secretary, [[Socialist Party]], Secretary, [[Praja Socialist Party]], Bihar Vice-President, Lok Dal, Bihar Executive Member, [[Praja Socialist Party]], Bihar Member, Public Accounts Committee, [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]
* 1984-1989 - Member, [[Bihar Legislative Council]]
* 1989 - Elected to [[9th Lok Sabha]]
* 1990 - Member, Public Accounts Committee; Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Agriculture
* 1991 - Re-elected to [[10th Lok Sabha]] (2nd term)
* 1994-1999 - All India General Secretary, [[Samata Party]] (Uday Mandal is current President)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-14 |title=Samata Party to move Delhi HC against Thackeray faction's 'flaming torch' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/samata-party-to-move-delhi-hc-against-thackeray-faction-s-flaming-torch-101665771404653.html |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=9 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209160544/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/samata-party-to-move-delhi-hc-against-thackeray-faction-s-flaming-torch-101665771404653.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Member, Central Parliamentary Board, [[Janata Dal]] Member, National Executive, [[Janata Dal]]
* 1999 - Re-elected to [[13th Lok Sabha]] (3rd term)
* 1999-2000 - Member, Committee on Industry Member, Committee on Estimates
* 2000-2004 - Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Steel<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://164.100.47.194/LOKSabha/members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=239&lastls=13|title=Parliament of India - Lok Sabha|last=Lok Sabha|first=House of the people|access-date=25 October 2018|archive-date=25 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025150232/http://164.100.47.194/LOKSabha/members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=239&lastls=13|url-status=live}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lal, Manjay}}
[[Category:India MPs 1991–1996]]
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:2007 deaths]]
[[Category:India MPs 1989–1991]]
[[Category:India MPs 1999–2004]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Bihar]]
[[Category:Bihar MLAs 1977–1980]]
[[Category:Members of the Bihar Legislative Council]]
[[Category:State cabinet ministers of Bihar]]
[[Category:People from Muzaffarpur]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Lok Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Janata Dal (United) politicians]]
[[Category:Janata Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Praja Socialist Party politicians]]
[[Category:Samata Party politicians]]

{{Bihar-JDU-politician-stub}}

Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa season 11

2026-02-04T13:55:43Z

PrakashBar:

{{About|current season|the series|Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}

{{Infobox television season
| season_number = 11
| image = Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11.jpg
| image_alt =
| caption = Promotional poster for season 11, featuring the judges and the original celebrity cast
| bgcolour = #6e1c6e
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season
| host = [[Gauahar Khan]] [[Rithvik Dhanjani]]
| judges = [[Malaika Arora]] [[Arshad Warsi]] [[Farah Khan]] [[Sambhavna Seth]]
| num_contestants = 17
| celebrity_winner = [[Manisha Rani]]
| professional_winner = Ashutosh Pawar
}}
| num_episodes = 33
| episode_list =
| network = [[Sony Entertainment Television]]
| released = 11 November 2023
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=yes|2023|11|11}}
| last_aired = {{End date|df=yes|2024|03|02}}
| prev_season = [[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa season 10|Season 10]]
}}
'''''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' 11''' is the eleventh season of the dance reality show, ''[[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa]]''. The series was hosted by [[Gauahar Khan]] and [[Rithvik Dhanjani]] and judged by [[Arshad Warsi]], [[Farah Khan]] and [[Malaika Arora]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-gauahar-khan-and-rithvik-dhanjani-to-host-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa/articleshow/104401297.cms | title=Exclusive – Gauahar Khan and Rithvik Dhanjani to host Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa | newspaper=The Times of India | date=13 October 2023 | access-date=21 October 2023 | archive-date=18 October 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018214207/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-gauahar-khan-and-rithvik-dhanjani-to-host-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa/articleshow/104401297.cms | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.news18.com/entertainment/television/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-tanishaa-mukerji-to-shiv-thakare-confirmed-list-of-contestants-and-their-partners-8624348.html | title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: Tanishaa Mukerji to Shiv Thakare, Confirmed List of Contestants and Their Partners | date=19 October 2023 | access-date=21 October 2023 | archive-date=21 October 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231021005134/https://www.news18.com/entertainment/television/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-tanishaa-mukerji-to-shiv-thakare-confirmed-list-of-contestants-and-their-partners-8624348.html | url-status=live }}</ref> The series premiered on 11 November 2023 on [[Sony Entertainment Television]] and is also available digitally on [[SonyLIV]].

[[Manisha Rani]] and her professional partner Ashutosh Pawar were announced as the winners on 2 March 2024, winning ₹30 lakh (US$36,000) and ₹10 lakh (US$12,000) respectively, a mirrorball trophy, and a complementary trip to [[Yas Island]].

== Format ==
The couples dance each week in a pre-recorded show that airs on weekends. The judges score each performance out of ten, and the couples are then ranked according to these scores. The public is also invited to vote for their favorite couples using the SonyLIV app. The judges' scores and public votes are combined in a 50:50 ratio.{{Cn|date=July 2024}}

The bottom-two couples perform a dance-off named ''Last Chance to Dance'' in the following week's episode. Based solely on this performance, each judge gives scores to the couple. The couple with the lower total is eliminated, while the one with the higher scores is safe. If it is their only performance, those scores are added to the scorecard; otherwise, they are discarded.{{Cn|date=July 2024}}

==Cast==
===Couples===
Note: Since the finalists and runner-ups among the Top 5 were only announced, but their actual rankings were not, the average scores of the contestants are determined here for their ranks, following the international format stated in the show.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!Celebrity
!'''Notability'''
!Professional partner
!Status
!{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
![[Aamir Ali]]
|Bollywood and television actor
|Sneha Singh
| style="background:#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 1st {{small|on 26 November 2023}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-11-27 |title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: Aamir Ali gets eliminated from the show |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/kavita-kaushik-reacts-to-the-news-of-fir-co-actor-aamir-alis-elimination-from-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-says-wasnt-even-given-a-fair-chance/articleshow/105400294.cms|access-date=2023-11-27 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
![[Urvashi Dholakia]]
|Reality show alumnus and television actress
|Vaibhav Ghuge
| style="background:#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 2nd {{small|on 3 December 2023}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-04 |title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: Urvashi Dholakia gets eliminated from the show |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-urvashi-dholakia-gets-eliminated-from-the-show/articleshow/105716079.cms |access-date=2023-12-04 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
![[Rajiv Thakur]]
|Actor and comedian
|Suchitra Sawant
| style="background:#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 3rd {{small|on 17 December 2023}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-18 |title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: Comedian Rajiv Thakur gets eliminated |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-comedian-rajiv-thakur-gets-eliminated/articleshow/106072148.cms |access-date=2023-12-19 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
![[Vivek Dahiya (actor)|Vivek Dahiya]]
|Television actor
|Lipsa Acharya
| style="background:#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 4th {{small|on 24 December 2023}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: Vivek Dahiya gets evicted, was pitted against Sangeeta Phogat in elimination performance |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-vivek-dahiya-gets-evicted-was-pitted-against-sangeeta-phogat-in-elimination-performance/articleshow/106264361.cms |access-date=2023-12-27 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
![[Tanishaa Mukerji]]
|Bollywood actress and reality show alumnus
|Tarun Raj Nihalani
| style="background:#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 5th {{small|on 7 January 2024}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-10 |title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: Tanishaa Mukherji gets evicted; Farah Khan says, "I thought you would be out in two weeks, you have come this far" |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-tanishaa-mukherji-gets-evicted-farah-khan-says-i-thought-you-would-be-out-in-two-weeks-you-have-come-this-far/articleshow/106625891.cms |access-date=2024-01-10 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
![[Nikhita Gandhi]]
|Singer
|Vipul Khandapal
|bgcolor="FF91AF" | Not Selected {{small|on 13 January 2024}}
|
|-
!Awez Darbar [[File:Playing_card_club_A.svg|13x13px]]
|Social media personality
|Vaishnavi Patil
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |Withdrew {{small|on 13 January 2024}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-11 |title=Awez Darbar To QUIT Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11 |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tv/awez-darbar-to-quit-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-article-106721806 |access-date=2024-01-12 |website=TimesNow |language=en}}</ref>
|-
!Glenn Saldanha [[File:Playing_card_club_A.svg|13x13px]]
|Radio jockey
|Arundhati Garnaik
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 6th {{small|on 21 January 2024}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-22 |title=Jhalak Dikkhla Jaa 11: Glenn Saldhana gets eliminated, Arshad Warsi says "I am going to miss your humour, your positivity..." |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikkhla-jaa-11-glenn-saldhana-gets-eliminated-arshad-warsi-says-i-am-going-to-miss-your-humour-your-positivity-/articleshow/107047023.cms |access-date=2024-01-29 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
![[Anjali Anand]]
|Bollywood and television actress
|Danny Fernandez ''{{small|Tarun Raj Nihalani (Week 10-12)}}''
| style="background:#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 7th {{small|on 28 January 2024}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-29 |title=Jhalak Dikhhlaa Jaa 11: Anjali Anand gets evicted; Farah Khan says "You were going to get evicted 2 weeks back, you continued for 11 weeks that's a victory" |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikhhlaa-jaa-11-anjali-anand-gets-evicted-farah-khans-heartfelt-message/articleshow/107213001.cms |access-date=2024-01-29 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
!Sangeeta Phogat
|Wrestler
|Bharat Ghare
| style="background:#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 8th {{small|on 4 February 2024}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-02-05 |title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: Sangeeta Phogat gets evicted; Arshad Warsi and Manisha Rani break down in tears |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-sangeeta-phogat-gets-evicted-arshad-warsi-and-manisha-rani-break-down-in-tears/articleshow/107421404.cms |access-date=2024-02-05 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
!Karuna Pandey
|Television actress
|Vivek Chachere
| style="background:#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 9th {{small|on 11 February 2024}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-02-12 |title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: Karuna Pandey gets eliminated; Sagar Parekh continues his journey |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-karuna-pandey-gets-eliminated-sagar-parekh-continues-his-journey/articleshow/107610075.cms |access-date=2024-02-12 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
!Sagar Parekh [[File:Playing_card_club_A.svg|13x13px]]
|Television actor
|Shivani Patel
| style="background:#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 10th {{small|on 17 February 2024}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-02-18 |title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: Sagar Parekh gets eliminated from the show; Shiv Thakare joins Manisha Rani, Shoaib Ibrahim and others in Top 6 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-sagar-parekh-gets-eliminated-from-the-show-shiv-thakare-joins-manisha-rani-shoaib-ibrahim-and-others-in-top-6/articleshow/107787452.cms |access-date=2024-02-18 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
![[Shiv Thakare]]
|Reality show alumnus
|Romsha Singh ''{{small|Lipsa Acharya (Week 16)}}''
|style="background:#f4c7b8" |Eliminated 11th {{small|on 24 February 2024}}
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-02-23 |title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: Shiv Thakare gets eliminated from the show just before the finale? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-shiv-thakare-gets-eliminated-from-the-show-just-before-the-finale/articleshow/107946131.cms |access-date=2024-02-25 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
![[Dhanashree Verma]] [[File:Playing_card_club_A.svg|13x13px]]
|Social media personality
|Sagar Bora
| rowspan="2" style="background:tan;" |Finalists {{small|on 2 March 2024}}
| rowspan="5" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manisha Rani is 'Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11' winner, takes home Rs 30 lakh |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/reality-tv/story/manisha-rani-wins-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-2509711-2024-03-02 |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
|-
![[Sreerama Chandra]]
|Reality show alumnus and playback singer
|Sonali Kar
|-
![[Shoaib Ibrahim]]
|Social media personality and television actor
|Anuradha Iyengar
| rowspan="2" style="background:silver;" |Runners-up {{small|on 2 March 2024}}
|-
!Adrija Sinha
|Bollywood actress
|Akash Thapa ''{{small|Tejas Verma (Week 9-11)}}''
|-
![[Manisha Rani]] [[File:Playing_card_club_A.svg|13x13px]]
|Social media personality and reality show alumnus
|Ashutosh Pawar
| bgcolor="Gold" |'''Winners''' {{small|on 2 March 2024}}
|}

=== Host and judges ===
On 14 October, it was announced that the [[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa season 3|season 3]] runner-up, [[Gauahar Khan]], and the [[Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa season 5|season 5]] 2nd runner-up, [[Rithvik Dhanjani]] would host season 11.{{Cn|date=July 2024}}

Judges [[Farah Khan]] and [[Malaika Arora]] returned to the judging panel after seasons 10 and 2 respectively, along with [[Arshad Warsi]]. [[Marzi Pestonji]] served as a guest judge in week 6, during Farah Khan's absence.{{Cn|date=July 2024}}

===Guest dance partners===
In week 5, the couples were paired with a guest choreographer to perform a dance routine as a trio. Ruel Dausan Varindani, Nishant Bhatt, Vaishnavi Patil, Swetha Warrier, Sanam Johar, Tejas Verma, Ashish Patil, Paul Marshal, Deepak Singh and Shivani were the partners which includes ex-contestants, winners and runners-up as well.{{Cn|date=July 2024}}

===Wild card entrants===
''[[Bigg Boss OTT (Hindi season 2)]]'' finalist [[Manisha Rani]], social media influencer and YouTuber Awez Darbar, television actor Sagar Parekh, actress and dancer-choreographer Dhanashree Verma, singer [[Nikhita Gandhi]] and RJ Glenn Saldanha were announced as wildcards. Out of 6, 4 wildcards will get selected from combined results of judges' scores and public voting.{{Cn|date=July 2024}}

Awez Darbar won judges' choice and directly entered, however withdrew from the competition due to medical injury. Manisha Rani, Sagar Parekh, Glenn Saldanha and Dhanashree Verma entered as wildcards.{{Cn|date=July 2024}}

== Scoring chart ==

The highest score each week is indicated in '''{{fontcolor|#004600|bold green}}''' with a dagger ({{dagger}}), while the lowest score each week is indicated in {{fontcolor|#800000|''italic red''}} with a double-dagger ({{double-dagger}}).

''Last Chance to Dance'' scores are not given in this table as they are discarded.

'''Colour key:'''{{columns-list|{{legend|gold|Winners}}
{{legend|silver|Co-runners-up}}
{{legend|tan|Finalists}}
{{legend|lightblue|Bottom two}}
{{legend|#f4c7b8|Eliminated}}
{{legend|lightgreen|Withdrew from competition}}
}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' (season 11) - Weekly Scores
! rowspan="2" |Couple
! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|Pl.|Place}}
! colspan="17" |Week
|-
!2
!3
!4
!5
!6
!7
!8{{efn|The professional partners were swapped for this week, scores mentioned are of the celebrity, full list is given below.|name=Swap}}
!7+8
!9
!10
!11
!12
!13
!14
!15
!16
! 17
|-
!{{nowrap|Manisha & Ashutosh}}
|1st
| colspan="8" bgcolor="darkgrey" |
|''{{fontcolor|#800000|24}}''{{double-dagger}}{{efn|This couple was selected as wild card.|name=Ws}}
|27
|26
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|27
|27+29=56
|27+5=32
| colspan="2" bgcolor=gold|25+30=55{{efn|This couple finished in first place.}}
|-
! scope="row" |{{nowrap|Shoaib & Anuradha}}
| rowspan="2" |2nd
| ''{{fontcolor|#800000|16}}''{{double-dagger}}
| 27
|26
|''{{fontcolor|#800000|21}}''{{double-dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
| 27
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|57}}'''{{dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|27
|28
|26
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|24+29=''{{fontcolor|#800000|53}}''{{double-dagger}}
|25+10=35
| colspan="2" bgcolor="silver" |30+26=56{{efn|This couple finished in second place.}}
|-
! scope="row" |Adrija & Akash
| 29
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
| 27
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|57}}'''{{dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|29
|29
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|30+29='''{{fontcolor|#004600|59}}'''{{dagger}}
|30+10='''{{fontcolor|#004600|40}}'''{{dagger}}
| colspan="2" bgcolor="silver" |25+30=55{{efn|This couple finished in second place.}}
|-
! scope="row" |{{nowrap|Sreerama & Sonali}}
| rowspan="2" |4th
| 27
| 27
| 27
| 28
| 27
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
| 26
|56
|29
|27
| bgcolor="lightblue" |''{{fontcolor|#800000|23}}''{{double-dagger}}{{efn|name=Bottom2}}
|26
|27
|27+30=57
|30+10='''{{fontcolor|#004600|40}}'''{{dagger}}
| colspan="2" bgcolor=tan|27+30='''{{fontcolor|#004600|57}}'''{{dagger}}{{efn|This couple was a finalist.|name=Final}}
|-
!{{nowrap|Dhanashree & Sagar B}}
| colspan="8" bgcolor="darkgrey" |
| bgcolor="lightblue" |25{{efn|This couple was selected as wild card.|name=Ws}}
|25
|25
|25
|26
|27+30=57
|Bgcolor=lightblue|24+5=''{{fontcolor|#800000|29}}''{{double-dagger}}{{efn|name=Bottom2}}
| colspan="2" bgcolor=tan|28+23=''{{fontcolor|#800000|51}}''{{double-dagger}}{{efn||name=Final}}
|-
! scope="row" |Shiv & Romsha
|6th
| 23
| 24
|''{{fontcolor|#800000|18}}''{{double-dagger}}
| 24
|27
|''{{fontcolor|#800000|21}}''{{double-dagger}}
|27
|''{{fontcolor|#800000|48}}''{{double-dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|24
|28
|''{{fontcolor|#800000|21}}''{{double-dagger}}
|''{{fontcolor|#800000|24}}''{{double-dagger}}
| bgcolor="lightblue" |24+30=54{{efn|This couple was in the bottom two, and competed in dance-off the following week, but was not eliminated.|name=Bottom2}}
|bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |26+5=31{{efn|name=Elim}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="13" bgcolor="darkgrey" |{{sort|13|}}
|-
!Sagar P & Shivani
|7th
| colspan="8" bgcolor="darkgrey" |
|25{{efn|This couple was selected as wild card.|name=Ws}}
|20
|28
| bgcolor="lightblue" |29{{efn|name=Bottom2}}
| bgcolor="lightblue" |''{{fontcolor|#800000|24}}''{{double-dagger}}{{efn|name=Bottom2}}
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |26+29=55{{efn|name=Elim}}
| rowspan="12" bgcolor="darkgrey" |{{sort|12|}}
|-
! scope="row" |Karuna & Vivek
|8th
| '''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
| 27
| bgcolor="lightblue" |20{{efn|name=Bottom2}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
| 28
| 27
| 25
| bgcolor="lightblue" |52{{efn|This couple was in the bottom two, and competed in dance-off the following week, but was not eliminated.|name=Bottom2}}
|28
| bgcolor="lightblue" |''{{fontcolor|#800000|19}}''{{double-dagger}}{{efn||name=Bottom2}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|26
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |22{{efn|name=Elim}}
| rowspan="11" bgcolor="darkgrey" |{{sort|11|}}
|-
! scope="row" |Sangeeta & Bharat
|9th
| 18
| '''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|24
|27
| bgcolor="lightblue" |24{{efn|name=Bottom2}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|27
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|57}}'''{{dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
|27
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |24{{efn|name=Elim}}
| rowspan="10" bgcolor=darkgrey |{{sort|10|}}
|-
! scope="row" |Anjali & Danny
|10th
| bgcolor="lightblue" |17{{efn|name=Bottom2}}
| 24
| bgcolor="lightblue" |21{{efn||name=Bottom2}}
| '''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
| 28
|''{{fontcolor|#800000|21}}''{{double-dagger}}
|28
|49
|28
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |27{{efn|name=Elim}}
| rowspan="9" bgcolor="darkgrey" |{{sort|09|}}
|-
!{{nowrap|Glenn & Arundhati}}
|11th
| colspan="8" bgcolor="darkgrey" |
|27{{efn|This couple was selected as wild card.|name=Ws}}
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |24{{efn|name=Elim}}
| rowspan="8" bgcolor="darkgrey" |{{sort|08|}}
|-
!Awez & Vaishnavi
|12th
| colspan="8" bgcolor="darkgrey" |
|27{{efn|This couple was selected as wild card.|name=Ws}}
| bgcolor=lightgreen {{sort|07|}} |{{efn|This couple withdrew from the competition.|name=Withdrew}}
|-
!Nikhita & Vipul
|{{N/a}} {{sort|18|}}
| colspan="8" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |''{{fontcolor|#800000|24}}''{{double-dagger}}{{efn|This couple was not selected as wild card.|name=Wc}}
| rowspan="6" bgcolor="darkgrey" |{{sort|06|}}
|-
! scope="row" |Tanishaa & Tarun
|13th
| 24
| bgcolor="lightblue" |22{{efn|name=Bottom2}}
| 27
| bgcolor="lightblue" |24{{efn|name=Bottom2}}
|28
|26
|''{{fontcolor|#800000|24}}''{{double-dagger}}
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |50{{efn|name=Elim}}
| rowspan="5" bgcolor="darkgrey" |{{sort|05|}}
|-
! {{nowrap|Vivek D & Lipsa}}
|14th
| 25
| 23
| 21
|'''{{fontcolor|#004600|30}}'''{{dagger}}
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |''{{fontcolor|#800000|23}}''{{double-dagger}}{{efn|name=Elim}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="4" bgcolor="darkgrey" |{{sort|04|}}
|-
! scope="row" |Rajiv & Suchitra
| 15th
| 21
| ''{{fontcolor|#800000|17}}''{{double-dagger}}
|28
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |23{{efn|name=Elim}}
| rowspan="3" bgcolor="darkgrey" |{{sort|03|}}
|-
! scope="row" |{{nowrap|Urvashi & Vaibhav}}
| 16th
| 21
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |20{{efn|name=Elim}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" bgcolor="darkgrey" |{{sort|02|}}
|-
! scope="row" |Aamir & Sneha
| 17th
| bgcolor="#f4c7b8" |22{{efn|This couple was eliminated after competing in dance-off the following week, in the results segment of this week.|name=Elim}}
| bgcolor=darkgrey |{{sort|01|}}
|}
;Notes
{{notelist}}

== Weekly scores ==
''Unless stated, individual judges' scores in the charts below are listed in following order from left to right: Malaika Arora, Arshad Warsi, Farah Khan.''

The elimination and bottom two data given on the table is proportional to the ''Last Chance to Dance'' held next week during the result segment.
=== Week 1: Premiere ===
The couples performed a dance routine but were neither given scores nor the voting lines open. They are listed in the order which they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - week 1'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="width:17em;text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" width:100%;|Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
|-
!Karuna and Vivek
| rowspan="12" |''No scores given''
|[[Garba (dance)|Garba]] and [[Dandiya Raas]]
|"[[Gangubai Kathiawadi#Soundtrack|Dholida]]"
|-
!Anjali and Danny
|[[Fusion dance|Fusion]]
|"[[Rocky Aur Rani Kii Prem Kahaani (soundtrack)|What Jhumka?]]"
|-
!Shoaib and Anuradha
|[[Hindi dance music|Bollywood]]
|"[[Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham|Suraj Hua Maddham]]"
|-
!Sreerama and Sonali
|[[Hip-hop dance|Hip-Hop]]
|"[[Race 3|Allah Duhai Hai]]"
|-
!Urvashi and Vaibhav
|[[Waacking]] and [[Salsa (dance)|Salsa]]
|"[[Kick (2014 film)|Yaar Naa Miley]]"
|-
!Aamir and Sneha
|[[Hindi dance music|Bollywood]]
|"[[Simmba|Mera Wala Dance]]"
|-
!Shiv and Romsha
|[[Freestyle dance|Freestyle]]
|"[[Bajirao Mastani (soundtrack)|Malhari]]"
|-
!Tanishaa and Tarun
|[[Tango]]
|"[[Raees (soundtrack)|Laila Main Laila]]"
|-
!Rajiv and Suchitra
|[[Freestyle dance|Freestyle]]
|"[[Jhoome Jo Pathaan]]"
|-
!Sangeeta and Bharat
|[[Hip-hop dance|Hip-Hop]]
|"[[Malang (song)|Malang]]"
|-
!Adrija and Akash
|[[Locking (dance)|Locking and Popping]]
|"[[Dola Re Dola]]"
|-
!Vivek and Lipsa
|[[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]
|"[[Taal (film)|Ramta Jogi]]"
|}

=== Week 2: First competitive week ===
The couples are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - week 2'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" |Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (26 November 2023)
|-
!Vivek and Lipsa
|25 (9, 8, 8)
|Contemporary and pole dance
|"[[Har Kisi Ko]]"
|Safe
|-
!Sreerama and Sonali
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Freestyle
|"Ye Kaali Kaali Aankhen"
|Safe
|-
!Karuna and Vivek
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Fire Kathak
|"Silsila Ye Chaahat Ka"
|Safe
|-
!Rajiv and Suchitra
|21 (7, 8, 6)
|Aerial bhangra
|"Main Nikla Gaddi Leke"
|Safe
|-
!Tanishaa and Tarun
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Contemporary and acrobesia
|"Hai Rama"
|Safe
|-
!Shoaib and Anuradha
|16 (6, 5, 5)
|Bollywood
|"Badan Pe Sitaare Lapete Huye"
|Safe
|-
!Aamir and Sneha
|22 (8, 7, 7)
|Waltz
|"[[Pehla Nasha]]"
|bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated
|-
!Sangeeta and Bharat
|18 (6, 6, 6)
|Bollywood
|"[[Chaiyya Chaiyya]]"
|Safe
|-
!Shiv and Romsha
|23 (8, 8, 7)
|Bollywood and jive
|"[[Naatu Naatu|Naacho Naacho]]"
|Safe
|-
!Adrija and Akash
|29 (10, 10, 9)
|Aerial and semi-classical
|"Khoya Hain"
|Safe
|-
!Anjali and Danny
|17 (5, 6, 6)
|Cha-cha-cha
|"Yeh Ladka Hai Deewana"
|bgcolor = lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Urvashi and Vaibhav
|21 (7, 7, 7)
|Bollywood
|"Jaane Do Naa Paas Aao Na"
|Safe
|}

=== Week 3: Chartbuster songs night ===
The couples are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - week 3'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (3 December 2023)
|-
!Sreerama and Sonali
| 27 (9, 9, 9)
|Rock and Roll
|"Bol Baby Bol"
|Safe
|-
!Sangeeta and Bharat
| 30 (10, 10, 10)
|Bollywood
|"Hawa Hawaii"
|Safe
|-
!Vivek and Lipsa
| 23 (8, 7, 8)
|Bollywood
|"Kaho Naa Pyaar Hai"
|Safe
|-
!Shoaib and Anuradha
| 27 (9, 9, 9)
|Bollywood
|"Aap Ke Aa Jane Se"
|Safe
|-
!Karuna and Vivek
| 27 (9, 9, 9)
|Yakhsgaan and Bollywood
|"Jhingat"
|Safe
|-
!Urvashi and Vaibhav
| 20 (8, 6, 6)
|Contemporary
|"Do Dil Mil Rahe Hain"
|bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated
|-
!Tanishaa and Tarun
| 22 (8, 7, 7 )
|Kalbelia
|"Choli Ke Peeche"
|bgcolor = lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Shiv and Romsha
| 24 (9, 7, 8)
|Bollywood & Hip-Hop
|"Oonchi Hai Building"
|Safe
|-
!Rajiv and Suchitra
| 17 (6, 6, 5)
|Bollywood
|"Naino Me Sapna"
|Safe
|-
!Adrija and Akash
| 30 (10, 10, 10)
|Chicago Footwork and Lyrical
|"Mere Dholna"
|Safe
|-
!Anjali & Danny
|24
|Semi-classical
|"Kahin Aag Lage"
|Safe
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Last Chance to Dance (week 2 results)
!class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
!Anjali & Danny
| 24
|Semi-classical
|"Kahin Aag Lage"
| Winners
|-
!Aamir and Sneha
| 20
|Bollywood & Hip-Hop
|"One 2 Ka 4"
|Losers
|}

=== Week 4: Boney Kapoor special ===
The couples are listed in the order they performed. Special Guest: [[Boney Kapoor]]

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - week 4'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (10 December 2023)
|-
!Sangeeta & Bharat
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Tollywood
|"Mera Hi Jalwa"
|Safe
|-
!Shoaib & Anuradha
|26 (9, 8, 9)
|Lyrical & Contemporary
|"Kaate Nahi Kat Te"
|Safe
|-
!Rajiv & Suchitra
|28 (10, 9, 9)
|Lavni
|"Ishq Di Galli Vich {{nowrap|- No Entry}}"
|Safe
|-
!Sreerama & Sonali
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Contemporary
|"Sunta Hai Mera Khuda"
|Safe
|-
!Karuna & Vivek
|20 (7, 7, 6)
|Bollywood
|"{{Nowrap|Ae Zindagi}} Gale Laga Le"
|bgcolor = lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Anjali & Danny
|21 (8, 7, 6)
|Bollywood
|"Ishq Kameena"
|bgcolor = lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Adrija & Akash
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Salsa
|"Kay Sera Sera"
|Safe
|-
!Shiv & Romsha
|18 (7, 6, 5)
|Kathak & Bollywood
|"Pyaar Hota Kayi Baar Hai"
|Safe
|-
!Vivek & Lipsa
|21 (7, 7, 7)
|Bollywood
|"Pehli Baa"
|Safe
|-
!Tanishaa & Tarun
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Aerial & Contemporary
|"Joganiyan"
|Safe
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Last Chance to Dance (week 3 results)
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
!Tanishaa & Tarun
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Aerial & Contemporary
|"Joganiyan"
|Winners
|-
!Urvashi & Vaibhav
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Bollywood
|"Na Jaane Kahan Se"
|Losers
|}

=== Week 5: Meenakshi Seshadri special ===
The couples performed on the songs in which Meenakshi Seshadri had acted in the movies and are listed in the order they performed. Special Guest: [[Meenakshi Seshadri]]

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - week 5'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (17 December 2023)
|-
!Adrija & Akash
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Indian Semi-classical
|"Shiv Tandav Stotram (Har Har Shiv Shankar)"
|Safe
|-
!Rajiv & Suchitra
|23 (8, 7, 8)
|Garba
|"Main To Raste Se Ja Raha Tha"
|bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated
|-
!Shiv & Romsha
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Folk dance
|"Maay Bhavani"
|Safe
|-
!Tanishaa & Tarun
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Contemporary
|"Jab Koi Baat"
|bgcolor = lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Shoaib & Anuradha
|21 (7, 7, 7)
|Contemporary
|"Chura Ke Dil Mera"
|Safe
|-
!Sangeeta & Bharat
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Contemporary
|"[[Ae Watan]]" & "Zindagi Ha Kadam Ek Nai Jung Hai"
|Safe
|-
!Sreerama & Sonali
|28 (10, 9, 9)
|Street jazz
|"Don't Say No"
|Safe
|-
!Vivek & Lipsa
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Bollywood
|"Dhindhora Baje Re"
|Safe
|-
!Karuna and Vivek
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Bollywood & Pasodoble
|"Koi Jaye To Le Aaye"
|Safe
|-
!Anjali and Danny
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Hip-Hop
|"[[Hothon Pe Aisi Baat Main]]"
|Safe
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Last Chance to Dance (week 4 results)
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
!Karuna and Vivek
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Bollywood & Pasodoble
|"Koi Jaye To Le Aaye"
|Winners
|-
!Anjali and Danny
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Hip-Hop
|"[[Hothon Pe Aisi Baat Main]]"
|Winners
|}

=== Week 6: Teen Ka Tadka===
''Individual judges' scores in the charts below are listed in following order from left to right: Arshad Warsi, Malaika Arora, Marzi Pestonji.''

Indian dancer and choreographer, [[Marzi Pestonji]] appeared as a guest judge in the absence of Farah Khan. Each couple performed a trio dance involving a professional partner. Couples are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - week 6'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Team
!Trio dance partner
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (24 December 2023)
|-
!Anjlai & Danny
|Ruel
|28 (9, 9, 10)
|Hip-Hop
|"Phatela Jeb"
|Safe
|-
!Shoaib & Anuradha
|Nishant Bhatt
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Contemporary
|"Bheegi Bheegi"
|Safe
|-
!Shiv & Romsha
|Vaishnavi
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Bollywood & Afro
|"Saat Samundar Paar" & "Jungle Mein Kaand"
|Safe
|-
!Sangeeta & Bharat
|Shwetha Warrier
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Bollywood
|"[[Hanuman Chalisa]] (New)"
|bgcolor = lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Vivek & Lipsa
|Sanam Johar
|23 (7, 8, 8)
|Bollywood
|"Make Some Noise For The Desi Boyz"
|bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated
|-
!Adrija & Akash
|Tejas Verma
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Hip-Hop
|"Pyaar Hua Ikraar Hua", "[[Mera Joota Hai Japani]]" & "Aa Jaa Sanam"
|Safe
|-
!Karuna & Vivek
|Ashish
|28 (9, 9, 10)
|Lavni
|"Taal Se Taal Mila — Lavni Remix"
|Safe
|-
!Sreerama & Sonali
|Paul Marshal
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Lyrical
|"Premika Ne Pyar Se"
|Safe
|-
!Tanishaa & Tarun
|Deepak Singh
|28 (9, 9, 10)
|Pasodoble & Bollywood
|"[[Ae Dil Hai Mushkil (soundtrack)|Ae Dil Hai Mushkil]]"
|Safe
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Last Chance to Dance (week 5 results)
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Team
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
!Rajiv, Suchitra & Shivani
|25 (8, 8, 9)
|Bollywood
|"Aur Ho"
|Losers
|-
!Tanishaa, Tarun & Deepak
|28 (9, 9, 10)
|Pasodoble & Bollywood
|"[[Ae Dil Hai Mushkil (soundtrack)|Ae Dil Hai Mushkil]]"
|Winners
|}

=== Week 7: Wedding special ===
Special Guests: [[Archana Puran Singh]] and [[Parmeet Sethi]]

No elimination was held for this week. All the scores and votes were carried to the next week. The couples are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - week 7'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
|-
!Shoaib & Anuradha
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Bollywood
|"Yeh Ladka Hai Allah" & "Sajanji Ghar Aaye"
|-
!Sreerama & Sonali
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Waltz
|"Janam Janam"
|-
!Karuna and Vivek
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Tollywood
|"Saami Saami"
|-
!Anjali and Danny
|21 (8, 7, 6)
|Bollywood
|"Ram Chahe Leela"
|-
!Shiv & Romsha
|21 (8, 7, 6)
|Bollywood & Hip-Hop
|"Om Mangalam"
|-
!Tanishaa & Tarun
|26 (9, 9, 8)
|Indian contemporary
|"Dilbaro"
|-
!Adrija & Akash
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Lyrical
|"Moh Moh Ke Dhaage"
|-
!Sangeeta & Bharat
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Bollywood
|"Sajna Ji Vari Vari"
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Last Chance to Dance (week 7 results)
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
!Sangeeta & Bharat
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Bollywood
|"Sajna Ji Vari Vari"
|Winners
|-
!Vivek D & Lipsa
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Indian contemporary
|"Mera Naam Tu"
|Losers
|}

===Week 8: Adla-badli===
The professional partners were swapped for each celebrity this week. In the second episode of the week, all the couples performed a freestyle and Bollywood dance together, in celebration of New Year's Eve.

Guest performers: [[Pawandeep Rajan]], [[Arunita Kanjilal]], Mohd Danish, Sayli Kamble and [[Salman Ali]]

The couples are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - Week 8'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (7 January 2024)
|-
!Adrija & Bharat
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Jogwa
|"Lallati Bhandar"
|Safe
|-
!Karuna and Tarun
|25 (8, 8, 9)
|Latin & Cabaret
|"[[Piya Tu Ab To Aja]]", "Yeh Mera Dil" & "Saat Samundar Paar"
|bgcolor=lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Shiv & Anuradha
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Contemporary
|"[[Pehle Bhi Main]]"
|Safe
|-
!Sreerama & Akash
|26 (9, 8, 9)
|Voguing & Wacking
|"[[Humma Humma]]"
|Safe
|-
!Shoaib & Sonali
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Bollywood
|"Lahu Munh Lag Gaya"
|Safe
|-
!Anjali & Romsha
|28 (10, 9, 9)
|Jazz Funk
|"Garmi"
|Safe
|-
!Sangeeta & Vivek
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Bollywood
|"[[Chikni Chameli]]"
|Safe
|-
!Tanishaa & Danny
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Jive & Lindy Hop
|"Gori Gori", "Chin Chin Chu" & "[[Eena Meena Deeka (song)|Eena Meena Deeka]]"
|bgcolor=#f4c7b8|Eliminated
|}

=== Week 9 ===
====Night 1: Wild Card Challengers ====
This night introduced the 6 wild-card contestants, from which only 4 will be selected to compete in the main competition: one by the sole decision of the judges and the other 3 through a combination of judges' and audience votes. However, due to Darbar's withdrawal, 4 wildcards will be selected based on combined judges' and public votes.

The couples are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) -''' Wild cards
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results
|-
! rowspan="2" |Awez & Vaishnavi
| rowspan="2" |27 (9, 9, 9)
| rowspan="2" |Bollywood & Hip-Hop
| rowspan="2" |"Aala Re Aala"
|Safe (Judges' Wildcard)
|-
| bgcolor="lightgreen" | Withdrew
|-
!Manisha & Ashutosh
| 24 (8, 8, 8)
|Bollywood
|"[[Munni Badnaam Hui]]"
|Safe (Wildcard)
|-
!Sagar & Shivani
| 25 (8, 9, 8)
|Bollywood
|"Deva Shree Ganesha"
|Safe (Wildcard)
|-
!Dhanashree & Sagar
| 25 (9, 8, 8)
|Bollywood & Hip-Hop
|"[[Crazy Kiya Re]]"
|bgcolor=lightblue|Bottom two (Wildcard)
|-
!Nikhita & Vipul
| 24 (8, 8, 8)
|Bollywood
|"[[Raabta (song)|Raabta]]" & "Do You Love Me"
|Bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated (Not selected)
|-
!Glenn & Arundhati
| 27 (9, 9, 9)
|Freestyle & Contemporary
|"Hua Main"
|Safe (Wildcard)
|}

====Night 2: Char ka Vaar====
The 8 couples performed their dance routines in pairs on this night. No eliminations were carried out the following week due to Darbar's withdrawal from the show.

The couples are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - Week 9'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
|-
!Sreerama & Sonali
| rowspan="2" |29 (10, 10, 9)
| rowspan="2" |Freestyle & Tandav
| rowspan="2" |"Bolo Har Har Har"
|-
!Tanishaa & Tarun
|-
!Adrija & Tejas
| rowspan="2" |30 (10, 10, 10)
| rowspan="2" |Bollywood
| rowspan="2" |"[[Tunak Tunak Tun]]"
|-
!Sangeeta & Bharat
|-
!Shoaib & Anuradha
| rowspan="2" |30 (10, 10, 10)
| rowspan="2" |Bollywood
| rowspan="2" |"Hum Toh Hain Cappuccino (U.P. Bihar Lootne)"
|-
!Shiv & Romsha
|-
!Karuna and Vivek
| rowspan="2" |28 (9, 10, 9)
| rowspan="2" |Bollywood
| rowspan="2" |"[[Chamma Chamma]]"
|-
!Anjali and Danny
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Last Chance to Dance (Weeks 7+8 Results)
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
! Karuna & Vivek
| '''28 (9, 10, 9)'''
|''' Kathak & Bollywood '''
|'''"Morey Piya"'''
| '''Winners'''
|-
! Tanishaa & Tarun
| 26 (8, 9, 9)
|Bollywood & Latin
|"Babuji Zara Dheere Chalo"
| Losers
|}

===Week 10: Raveena Tandon Special===
Special Guest: [[Raveena Tandon]]

During this week's rehearsals, the judges' wildcard, Awez Darbar, sustained an injury to his right knee, resulting in a Grade 3 MCL tear. Following the doctors' advice, he decided to withdraw from the competition.

The couples are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - Week 10'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (21 January 2024)
|-
!Sreerama & Sonali
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Tango
|"Aaja Gufaon Mein Aa"
|Safe
|-
!Sangeeta & Bharat
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Bollywood & Contemporary
|"Ye Raat"
|Safe
|-
!Shoaib & Anuradha
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Bollywood
|"Tu Cheez Badi Hai Mast", "[[Aankh Maarey]]" & "Dil Karta Hai Tere Paas Aaun"
|Safe
|-
!Sagar & Shivani
|20 (7, 7, 6)
|Bollywood
|"Main Laila Laila"
|Safe
|-
!Glenn & Arundhati
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Bollywood & Salsa
|"Sheher Ki Ladki"
|bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated
|-
!Karuna and Vivek
|19 (6, 7, 6)
|Bollywood
|"Rabba Rabba"
|bgcolor=lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Adrija & Tejas
|29 (9, 10, 10)
|New-school Hip-Hop
|"Kabhi Tu Chhalia Lagta Hai"
|Safe
|-
!Shiv & Romsha
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Bollywood
|"Ehsaas Nahi Tujhko Main Pyar Karu Kitna"
|Safe
|-
!Manisha & Ashutosh
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Bollywood
|"Tip Tip Barsa Pani"
|Safe
|-
!Anjali and Tarun
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Semi-classical
|"Nain Se Naino Ko Mila"
|Safe
|-
!Dhanashree & Sagar
|25 (8, 9, 8)
|Hip-Hop
|"Tumse Jo Dekhte Hi Pyar Hua"
|Safe
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Last Chance to Dance (Wildcard Results)
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
! Dhanashree & Sagar
| '''25 (8, 9, 8)'''
|'''Hip-Hop'''
|'''"Tumse Jo Dekhte Hi Pyar Hua"'''
| '''Winners'''
|-
! Nikhita & Vipul
| 22 (7, 8, 7)
|Bollywood
|"Ankhiyon Se Goli Mare"
| Losers
|}

===Week 11: Race to Finale ===
The couples are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - Week 11'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (28 January 2024)
|-
!Adrija & Tejas
|29 (10, 10, 9)
|Chicago footwork & Hip-Hop
|"Bumbro"
|Safe
|-
!Shoaib & Anuradha
|28 (9, 9, 10)
|Contemporary & Lyrical
|"[[Lag Jaa Gale|Lag Jaa Gale Instrumental]]"
|Safe
|-
!Anjali and Tarun
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Belly dancing & Vogue
|"San Sanana"
|Bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated
|-
!Dhanashree & Sagar
|25 (8, 9, 8)
|Bollywood
|"[[Sheila Ki Jawani]]"
|Safe
|-
!Sagar P & Shivani
|28 (9, 9, 10)
|Hip-Hop & Stomping
|"[[Bulleya|Bulleya (Indian version)]]"
|Safe
|-
!Shiv & Romsha
|28 (9, 9, 10)
|Freestyle
|"Jai Shree Ram"
|Safe
|-
!Manisha & Ashutosh
|26 (9, 9, 8)
|Koli & Bollywood
|"Mala Jau De"
|Safe
|-
!Sreerama & Sonali
|23 (8, 8, 7)
|Kathakali
|"Current Laga Re"
|bgcolor=lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Sangeeta & Bharat
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Contemporary
|"[[Duaa (song)|Duaa]]"
|Safe
|-
!Karuna and Vivek
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Semi-classical
|"Aigiri Nandini"—[[Sachet–Parampara]]
|Safe
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Last Chance to Dance (Week 10 Results)
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
! Karuna and Vivek
|'''30 (10, 10, 10)'''
|'''Semi-classical'''
|'''"Aigiri Nandini"—[[Sachet–Parampara]]'''
|'''Winners'''
|-
!Glenn & Arundhati
|22 (7, 8, 7)
|Latin & Bollywood
|"Bheegi Bheegi Raaton Mein"
|Losers
|}

===Week 12: Mahasangam ka Mahasangram===
The professional partners did not perform this week. Two celebrities were paired with each other to perform a dance routine and are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - Week 12'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Celebrity
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (4 February 2024)
|-
!Shoaib
|26 (9, 8, 9)
| rowspan="2" |Bollywood
| rowspan="2" |"[[Gerua]]"
|Safe
|-
!Dhanashree
|25 (8, 9, 8)
|Safe
|-
!Adrija
|30 (10, 10, 10)
| rowspan="2" |Odissi & Bollywood
| rowspan="2" |"Jimmy Jimmy Aaja"
|Safe
|-
!Manisha
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Safe
|-
!Karuna
|26 (9, 8, 9)
| rowspan="2" |Sufi & Bollywood
| rowspan="2" |"Bhar Do Jholi Meri Ya Muhammad"
|Safe
|-
!Sagar P
|29 (10, 9, 10)
|Bgcolor = lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Shiv
|21 (7, 7, 7)
| rowspan="2" |Bollywood, Bhangra & Afro
| rowspan="2" |"Jaan Lelo Na Jaan Re"
|Safe
|-
!Sangeeta
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated
|-
!Anjali
|24 (8, 8, 8)
| rowspan="2" |Tollywood
| rowspan="2" |"One Two Three Four"
|{{n/a}}
|-
!Sreerama
|26 (8, 8, 9)
|Safe
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Last Chance to Dance (Week 11 Results)
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
! Sreerama & Sonali
|'''30 (10, 10, 10)'''
|'''Bollywood & Latin'''
|'''"Bang Bang"'''
|'''Winners'''
|-
!Anjali & Tarun
|23 (8, 8, 7)
|Bollywood
|"Mardaani Anthem"
|Losers
|}

===Week 13: The Grand Costume Party & Jashn-e-Juhi ===
Special Guest: [[Juhi Chawala]] 
The couples performed on the songs in which Juhi Chawala had acted in movies and are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - Week 13'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (11 February 2024)
|-
!Sreerama & Sonali
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Latin & Hip-Hop
|"Neend Churayi Meri"
|Safe
|-
!Shoaib & Anuradha
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Contemporary
|"Tu Hai Meri Kiran"
|Safe
|-
!Dhanashree & Sagar B
|26 (9, 9, 8)
|Bollywood & Jazz
|"I'm The Best"
|Safe
|-
!Shiv & Romsha
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Contemporary
|"Tu Mere Saamne"
|Safe
|-
!Adrija & Akash
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Lyrical
|"Aye Mere Humsafar"
|Safe
|-
!Manisha & Ashutosh
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Robotics & Animation
|"Agar Tum Kaho"
|Safe
|-
!Sagar P & Shivani
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Aerial & Contemporary
|"Khamoshiyan Gungunane Lagi"
|bgcolor = lightblue|Bottom two
|-
!Karuna & Vivek
|22 (7, 8, 7)
|Bollywood
|"Roop Suhana Lagta Hai"
|bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Last Chance to Dance (Week 12 Results)
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
!Sagar P & Shivani
|'''24 (8, 8, 8)'''
|'''Aerial & Contemporary'''
|'''"Khamoshiyan Gungunane Lagi"'''
|'''Winners'''
|-
!Sangeeta & Bharat
|21 (7, 7, 7)
|Bollywood
|"Tu Tu Tu Tu Tara"
|Losers
|}

===Week 14: Love Special===
Special Guests: [[Kriti Sanon]], [[Shahid Kapoor]] and [[Jaaved Jaaferi]] Each couple performed one unlearned dance and participated in a team dance on the songs in which Shahid Kapoor had acted in movies. The couples are listed in the order they performed.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' '''(season 11) - Week 14'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (17 February 2024)
|-
! Shiv & Romsha
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Bollywood, Jazz & Aerial
|"Gustakh Dil Tere Liye"
|bgcolor = lightblue|Bottom two
|-
! Shoaib & Anuradha
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Bollywood
|"Saree Ke Fall Sa"
|Safe
|-
! Dhanashree & Sagar B
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Lyrical
|"Apna Bana Le"
|Safe
|-
! Sreerama & Sonali
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Bollywood
|"Roshni Se"
|Safe
|-
! Sagar P & Shivani
|26 (9, 8, 9)
|Semi-classical
|"Wo Kisna Hai" & "Kaise Hua"
|bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated
|-
! Adrija & Akash
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Locking & Popping
|"Laal Peeli Akhiyaan"
|Safe
|-
! Manisha & Ashutosh
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Contemporary
|"Bekhayali"
|Safe
|-
! Shiv & Romsha Dhanashree & Sagar B Sreerama & Sonali Karuna & Vivek
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Bollywood & Afro (Team Manav)
| colspan="2" |"Khali Wali"
|-
! Adrija & Akash Shoaib & Anuradha Sagar P & Shivani Manisha & Asutosh
|29 (10, 10, 9)
|Bollywood (Team Adi)
| colspan="2" |"Go Go Golmaal"
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+''Last Chance to Dance'' (Week 13 Results)
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
!Sagar P & Shivani
|'''26 (9, 8, 9)'''
|'''Semi-classical'''
|'''"Wo Kisna Hai" & "Kaise Hua"'''
|'''Winners'''
|-
!Karuna & Vivek
|25 (8, 9, 8)
|Bollywood
|"Dhating Naach"
|Losers
|}

=== Week 15: Rishton ka Jalsa ===

The couples performed with their family members this week. For those whose family members could not dance, they portrayed a special role in the performance only. The couples are listed in the order they performed.

The couple's also performed in a dance-off in separate routines and numbers. The winner received 10 bonus points while the loser received 5 bonus points.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' (season 11) - Week 15'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results (24 February 2024)
|-
! Sreerama & Sonali
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Contemporary
|"Main Jahaan Rahoon"
|Safe
|-
! Shiv & Romsha
|26 (9, 9, 8)
|Contemporary
|"Papa Meri Jaan"
|bgcolor = #f4c7b8|Eliminated
|-
! Shoaib & Anuradha
|25 (8, 8, 9)
|Contemporary
|"Tu Jo Mila"
|Safe
|-
! Adrija & Akash
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Hip-Hop
|"Maston Ka Jhund"
|Safe
|-
! Manisha & Ashutosh
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Contemporary
|"Kitni Baatein"
|Safe
|-
! Dhanashree & Sagar B
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Lyrical & Hip-Hop
|"Milegi Milegi"
|bgcolor= lightblue|Bottom two
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''''Last Chance to Dance'' (Week 14 Results)'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
!Shiv & Romsha
|'''26 (9, 9, 8)'''
|'''Contemporary'''
|'''"Papa Meri Jaan"'''
|'''Winners'''
|-
!Sagar P & Shivani
|23 (8, 8, 7)
|Contemporary & Garba
|"Kar Har Maidaan Fateh"
|Losers
|}

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Dance-offs'''
!Couple
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
!'''Shoaib & Anuradha'''
|'''Bollywood'''
|'''"Khalibali"'''
|'''Winners'''
|-
!Manisha & Ashutosh
|Bollywood
|"O Saki Saki"
|Losers
|-
!Shiv & Romsha
|Bollywood
|"Shankara Re Shankara"
|Losers
|-
!'''Adrija & Akash'''
|'''Bollywood & Hip-Hop'''
|'''"Nach Baliye"'''
|'''Winners'''
|-
!Dhanashree & Sagar B
|Bollywood
|"Nagada Sang Dhol"
|Losers
|-
!Sreerama & Sonali
|'''Hip-Hop'''
|'''"Hairat"'''
|'''Winners'''
|}

===Week 16: Semi-finals===
The scores given this week were carried forward to the finale.

The couple's performed two dance routines this week and are listed in the order of their first routine.

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' (season 11) - Week 16'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
|-
! rowspan="2" | Manisha & Ashutosh
|25 (9, 8, 8)
|Belly dancing & Bollywood
|"[[Mayya (song)|Mayya]]"
|-
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Contemporary
|"[[Main Agar Kahoon]]"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Sreerama & Sonali
|27 (9, 9, 9)
|Afro & Latin
|"Dance Meri Rani"
|-
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Old-school Hip hop & Disco
|"Sher Khul Gaye" & "Pag Ghungroo Bandh"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Adrija & Akash
|25 (8, 9, 8)
|Lyrical
|"Ban Ja Rani"
|-
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Latin, Semi-classical, Afro, Hip hop, Tap dance & Robotics
|"Aplam Chaplam Chaplayee Re"
|-
! rowspan="2" |Shoaib & Anuradha
|30 (10, 10, 10)
|Bollywood & Paso doble
|"Satrangi Re"
|-
|26 (8, 9, 9)
|Contemporary
|"[[Maa Tujhe Salaam (song)|Maa Tujhe Salaam]]"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Dhanashree & Sagar B
|28 (9, 10, 9)
|Contemporary
|"Tanhayee"
|-
|23 (8, 8, 7)
|Tollywood and Bhangra
|"[[Lungi Dance]]"
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''''Last Chance to Dance'' (Week 15 Results)'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
!Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Result
|-
!Dhanashree & Sagar B
|'''28 (9, 10, 9)'''
|'''Contemporary'''
|'''"Tanhayee"'''
|'''Winners'''
|-
!Shiv & Lipsa
|24 (8, 8, 8)
|Bollywood
|"Tattad Tattad"
|Losers
|}

===Week 17: The Great Grand Finale===
The results were announced considering the scores and votes of the semi-final week. There was no specific declaration of runners-up, instead Top 3 were announced among Top 5, and the winner was announced from Top 3.
The couples performed along with the back dancers and are listed in the order of their first performance. In the second performance, they performed a dance relay and were given no scores in either of the performances.
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' (season 11) - Week 17'''
! class="sortable" scope="col" style="text-align:center" |Couple
! scope="col" | Scores
! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Dance
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Music
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Results
|-
! rowspan="2" |Manisha & Ashutosh
| rowspan="10" |''No scores given''
|Freestyle
|"Thumkeshwari", "Do You Love Me", "[[Param Sundari (song)|Param Sundari]]" and "[[Saami Saami]]"
| rowspan="2" bgcolor=gold|'''Winners'''
|-
|Freestyle
|"[[Psycho Saiyaan]]"
|-
! rowspan="2" |Adrija & Akash
|Freestyle
|"Nadiyon Paar", "[[Chammak Challo]]" and "Move Your Body"
| rowspan="2" bgcolor=silver|Runners-up
|-
|Freestyle
|"Man Mohini"
|-
! rowspan="2" |Sreerama & Sonali
|Freestyle
|"[[Subhanallah (song)|Subhanallah]]", "[[Chaleya]]" and "Haan Main Galat"
| rowspan="2" bgcolor=tan|Finalist
|-
|Freestyle
|"Jashn-e-Ishqa"
|-
! rowspan="2" |Shoaib & Anuradha
|Freestyle
|"Baadshah, O Baadshah" and "[[Zinda Banda]]"
| rowspan="2" bgcolor=silver|Runners-up
|-
|Freestyle
|"Dil Mein Baji Guitar"
|-
! rowspan="2" |Dhanashree & Sagar B
|Freestyle
|"Apsara Aali", "Manike" and "Dhoom Machale Dhoom"
| rowspan="2" bgcolor=tan|Finalist
|-
|Freestyle
|"Aisa Jaadu Dala Re"
|}

== Dance chart ==
The couples performed the following each week:
* Weeks 1–13: One dance routine
* Week 14: One dance routine & team dance
* Week 15: One dance routine & dance-offs
* Week 16 (Semi-finals): Two dance routines
* Week 17 (Finals): One dance routine & dance relay
{| class="wikitable unsortable" style="text-align:center; font-size:75%; line-height:15px"
|+''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa'' (season 11) - Dance chart
! rowspan="2" |Couple
! colspan="21" |Week{{efn|Dance forms were allowed to be repeated but with a different concept.|name=Repeat}}
|-
!1
!2
!3
!4
!5
!6
!7
!8
!9
!10
!11
!12
!13
! colspan="2" |14
! colspan="2" |15
! colspan="2" |16
! colspan="2" |17
|-
!Manisha & Ashutosh
| colspan="8" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Koli & {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| Odissi & {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Robotics & Animation
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|Team {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Belly dancing & {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|bgcolor=lightblue|Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
| rowspan="5" bgcolor=lightblue|Freestyle Relay{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
! scope="row" |Shoaib and Anuradha
| bgcolor="lightblue" |{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}{{efn||name=NoScore}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Lyrical & {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
| {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
| {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}} & Lyrical
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Team {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Paso doble
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|bgcolor=lightblue|Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
! scope="row" |Adrija and Akash
| bgcolor="lightblue" |Locking and Popping{{efn|No scores were received for this dance.|name=NoScore}}
|Aerial & Semi-classical
| Chicago footwork and Lyrical
| Salsa
| Indian Semi-classical
| Hip-Hop
|Lyrical
| Jogwa
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|New-school Hip-Hop
|Chicago footwork & Hip-Hop
| Odissi & {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| Lyrical
| Locking & Popping
|Team {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| Hip-Hop
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Hip hop
|Lyrical
|Latin, Afro, Tap dance, Robotics & Semi-classical
|bgcolor=lightblue|Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
!Sreerama and Sonali
| bgcolor="lightblue" |Hip-Hop{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|Freestyle
|Rock & Roll
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|Street jazz
|Lyrical
| Waltz
|Voguing & Wacking
|Freestyle & Tandav
|Tango
|Kathakali
|Tollywood
|Latin & Hip-Hop
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Team {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Afro
| {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|Hip-Hop
|Afro & Latin
|Old school hip hop & Disco
|bgcolor=lightblue|Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
!Dhanashree & Sagar B
| colspan="8" bgcolor=darkgrey|
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Hip-Hop
|Hip-Hop
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Jazz
|Lyrical
|Team {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Afro
| Lyrical & Hip-Hop
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|Tollywood & Bhangra
|bgcolor=lightblue|Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
! scope="row" |Shiv and Romsha
| bgcolor="lightblue" |Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}}} & Jive
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}}} and Hip-Hop
| Kathak & {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Folk dance
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Afro
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Hip-Hop
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Freestyle
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}, Bhangra & Afro
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}, Jazz & Aerial
|Team {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Afro
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| rowspan="13" bgcolor="darkgrey" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor=darkgrey|
|-
!Sagar P & Shivani
| colspan="8" bgcolor=darkgrey|
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Hip-Hop & Stomping
|Sufi & {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Aerial & {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|Semi-classical
|Team {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}} & Garba
| colspan="2" rowspan="12" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| colspan="2" bgcolor=lightblue|Group Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
! scope="row" |Karuna and Vivek
| bgcolor="lightblue" |Garba & Dandiya Raas{{efn||name=NoScore}}
| Fire Kathak
|Yakhsgaan and {{Abbr|Bolly.|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Paso doble
|Lavni
|Tollywood
|Latin & Cabaret
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| Semi-classical
|Sufi & {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Team {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Afro
| rowspan="11" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| colspan="2" bgcolor=lightblue|Group Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
! scope="row" |Sangeeta and Bharat
| bgcolor="lightblue" |Hip hop{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}}}
|Tollywood
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}, Bhangra & Afro
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="10" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| colspan="2" bgcolor=lightblue|Group Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
! scope="row" |Anjali and Danny
| bgcolor="lightblue" |Fusion{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|Cha-cha-cha
|Semi-classical
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| Hip-Hop
|Hip-Hop
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Jazz Funk
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| Semi-classical
|Belly dancing & Vogue
|Tollywood; {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| rowspan="9" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| colspan="2" bgcolor=lightblue|Group Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
!Glenn & Arundhati
| colspan="8" bgcolor=darkgrey|
|Freestyle & {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Salsa
| Latin & {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| rowspan="8" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" bgcolor=darkgrey|
|-
!Nikhita & Vipul
| colspan="8" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| rowspan="7" bgcolor=darkgrey|
|-
!Awez & Vaishnavi
| colspan="8" bgcolor=darkgrey|
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Hip-Hop
| rowspan="6" bgcolor="darkgrey" |
|-
! scope="row" |Tanishaa and Tarun
| bgcolor="lightblue" |Tango{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}} & Acrobesia
|Kalbelia
|Aerial & {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|Pasodoble & {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Indian {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
| Jive & Lindy Hop
|Freestyle & Tandav; {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} & Latin
| colspan="2" bgcolor=lightblue|Group Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
! scope="row" |Vivek D and Lipsa
| bgcolor="lightblue" |{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}} and Pole Dance
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Indian {{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="4" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| colspan="2" bgcolor=darkgrey|
|-
! scope="row" |Rajiv and Suchitra
| bgcolor="lightblue" |Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|Aerial Bhangra
| {{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|Lavni
|Garba
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| rowspan="3" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| colspan="2" bgcolor=lightblue|Group Freestyle{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|-
! scope="row" |Urvashi and Vaibhav
| bgcolor="lightblue" |Waacking & Salsa{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
|{{Abbr|Contemp.|Contemporary}}
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" bgcolor=darkgrey|
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" bgcolor=darkgrey|
|-
! scope="row" |Aamir and Sneha
| bgcolor="lightblue" |{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}}{{efn||name=NoScore}}
|Waltz
|{{Abbr|Bolly.|Bollywood}} and Hip-Hop
| bgcolor=darkgrey|
|}
;Notes
{{notelist}}

== Production ==
On 18 September 2023, the season was announced by [[Sony Entertainment Television]], marking its return to the channel after a twelve-year hiatus.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 September 2023 |title=Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa Returns to Sony TV for Season 11, Watch Promo |url=https://www.news18.com/entertainment/television/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-returns-to-sony-tv-for-season-11-watch-promo-8583441.html |access-date=15 October 2023 |archive-date=19 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019103449/https://www.news18.com/entertainment/television/jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-returns-to-sony-tv-for-season-11-watch-promo-8583441.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The series had been scrapped previously by [[Colors TV]] due to low TRPs.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 September 2023 |title=Exclusive! Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa: Why Colors Was Not Interested in Continuing with It |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tv/exclusive-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-why-colors-was-not-interested-in-continuing-with-it-article-103932934 |access-date=15 October 2023 |archive-date=19 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019103449/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tv/exclusive-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-why-colors-was-not-interested-in-continuing-with-it-article-103932934 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Gauahar Khan]] and [[Rithvik Dhanjani]] joined as hosts,<ref>{{cite web |date=14 October 2023 |title=Gauahar Khan Taking over as the New Host of Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11 |url=https://www.news18.com/entertainment/television/gauahar-khan-taking-over-as-the-new-host-of-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-8617786.html |access-date=21 October 2023 |archive-date=20 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020141412/https://www.news18.com/entertainment/television/gauahar-khan-taking-over-as-the-new-host-of-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-8617786.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=18 October 2023 |title=Rithvik Dhanjani on Hosting Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 11: It Was the Only Dance Reality Show I Had Not Hosted |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tv/rithik-dhanjani-on-hosting-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-it-was-the-only-dance-reality-show-i-had-not-hosted-article-104523557 |access-date=21 October 2023 |archive-date=23 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023022146/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tv/rithik-dhanjani-on-hosting-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-11-it-was-the-only-dance-reality-show-i-had-not-hosted-article-104523557 |url-status=live }}</ref> alongside [[Arshad Warsi]], [[Farah Khan]] and [[Malaika Arora]] on the judging panel.<ref>{{cite news |date=4 October 2023 |title=Confirmed! Arshad Warsi returns to television after six years to Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa |newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/confirmed-arshad-warsi-returns-to-television-after-six-years-to-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa/articleshow/104161296.cms |access-date=15 October 2023 |archive-date=12 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012155158/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/confirmed-arshad-warsi-returns-to-television-after-six-years-to-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa/articleshow/104161296.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=28 September 2023 |title=Farah Khan and Malaika Arora to judge Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa? |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/farah-khan-malaika-arora-to-judge-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-8959758/ |access-date=15 October 2023 |archive-date=19 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231019103449/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/farah-khan-malaika-arora-to-judge-jhalak-dikhhla-jaa-8959758/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Principal photography]] of the series commenced in October 2023 in [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Malaika Arora Look: झिलमिलाती ट्रांसपेरेंट ड्रेस पहनकर झलक के सेट पर ऐसे पहुंचीं मलाइका अरोड़ा, लुक देख फैंस हो गए हक्का-बक्का |url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/entertainment/bollywood/malaika-arora-latest-look-wear-transparent-shimmery-bodycon-dress-while-promo-shoot-of-jhalak-dikhla-jaa-11/1908976 |access-date=15 October 2023 |archive-date=16 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231016085951/https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/entertainment/bollywood/malaika-arora-latest-look-wear-transparent-shimmery-bodycon-dress-while-promo-shoot-of-jhalak-dikhla-jaa-11/1908976 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Guest appearances ==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; width:100%;"
! Week(s)
! Episode(s)
! Guest(s)
! Note(s)
|-
| rowspan="4" |Week 1
|Episode 1
|[[Dipika Kakar]]
|To support her husband [[Shoaib Ibrahim]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |Episode 2
|[[Kiku Sharda]]
|To entertain and support his friend [[Rajiv Thakur]]
|-
|[[Geeta Phogat]]
|To support her sister [[Sangeeta Phogat]]
|-
|[[Karan Johar]]
|Special appearance
|-
| rowspan="2" |Week 2
|Episode 3
|[[Divyanka Tripathi Dahiya]]
| To support her husband [[Vivek Dahiya (actor)|Vivek Dahiya]]
|-
|Episode 4
|[[Meiyang Chang]]
| To support his friend [[Anjali Anand]]
|-
|Week 3
|Episode 7-8
|[[Boney Kapoor]]
|As a special {{nowrap|guest for 'Boney Kapoor Special'}}
|-
| rowspan="3" |Week 5
|Episode 9-10
| rowspan="2" |[[Meenakshi Seshadri]]
| rowspan="2" |As a special {{nowrap|guest for 'Meenakshi Seshadri Special'}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |Episode 10
|-
|[[Bajrang Punia]]
|To support his wife [[Sangeeta Phogat]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |Week 6
|Episode 11-12
| rowspan="2" |[[Marzi Pestonji]]
| rowspan="2" |Guest judge, to take the place of [[Farah Khan]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |Episode 12
|-
|Aarti Thakur
|To support her husband [[Rajiv Thakur]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |Week 7
|Episode 13-14
|[[Archana Puran Singh]] and [[Parmeet Sethi]]
|As special guests for 'Wedding Special'
|-
|Episode 13
|Zaid Darbar
|To surprise his wife [[Gauahar Khan]] and celebrate their wedding anniversary
|-
|Episode 14
|[[Divyanka Tripathi Dahiya]]
|To support her husband [[Vivek Dahiya (actor)|Vivek Dahiya]] and remarriage
|-
| rowspan="1" |Week 8
| rowspan="1" |Episode 15
|[[Bhoomi Trivedi]]
|To support her friend [[Sreerama Chandra]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |Week 10
|Episode 19-20
| rowspan="2" |[[Raveena Tandon]]
| rowspan="2" |As a special {{nowrap|guest for 'Raveena Tandon Special'}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |Episode 20
|-
|[[Yuzvendra Chahal]]
|To support his wife Dhanashree Verma
|-
| rowspan="7" |Week 11
|rowspan="3" |Episode 21
|[[Aoora]]
|To support Adrija Sinha
|-
|Saba Ibrahim
|To support her brother [[Shoaib Ibrahim]]
|-
|[[Babil Khan]] and [[Jasleen Royal]]
|To promote their song ''Dastoor''
|-
| rowspan="4" |Episode 22
|[[Prince Narula]]
|To support his best friend [[Shiv Thakare]]
|-
|Faisal Shaikh
|To support his friend [[Manisha Rani]]
|-
|[[Karan Mehra]] and Shruti Anand
|To promote their show ''Mehndi Wala Ghar''
|-
|Sumedh Shinde
|To support his friend Glenn Saldanha
|-
|Week 13
|Episode 24-25
|[[Juhi Chawla]]
|As a special {{nowrap|guest for 'Jashn-e-Juhi'}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |Week 14
| rowspan="2" |Episode 26-27
|[[Shahid Kapoor]] and [[Kriti Sanon]]
|To promote their film ''[[Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya]]''
|-
|[[Jaaved Jaaferi]]
|Special guest
|-
|Week 15
|Episode 29
|[[Vidyut Jammwal]], [[Arjun Rampal]], [[Nora Fatehi]] and [[Amy Jackson]]
|To promote their film ''[[Crakk]]''
|-
| rowspan="2" |Week 16
|Episode 30
|[[Guru Randhawa]] and [[Saiee Manjrekar]]
|To promote their film ''[[Kuch Khattaa Ho Jaay]]''
|-
|Episode 31
|Paritosh Tripathi, Kettan Singh, Ankita Shrivastav and Gaurav Dubey
|To promote their show ''Madness Machayenge India Ko Hasayenge''
|-
| rowspan="2" |Week 17
|Episode 32
|[[Sara Ali Khan]], [[Vijay Varma]] and [[Sanjay Kapoor]]
|To promote their film ''[[Murder Mubarak]]''
|-
|Episode 32-33
|[[Huma Qureshi]], Harsh Gujral and Inder Sahani
|To promote their show ''Madness Machayenge India Ko Hasayenge''
|-
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.sonyliv.com/clip/jhalak-dikhla-ja-1000247388 ''Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa''] on [[SonyLIV]]

{{Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa}}
{{Dancing with the Stars}}
{{Sony Entertainment Television India Shows|state=collapsed}}
{{Portal bar|India|Television}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa (season 11)}}
[[Category:2023 Indian television seasons]]
[[Category:Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa seasons]]
[[Category:Sony Entertainment Television original programming]]

Kalyani Bharat FC

2026-02-02T14:23:56Z

PrakashBar:

{{Short description|Former Indian professional association football club}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox football club
| image = Kalyani Bharat FC.svg
| upright = 1
| fullname = Kalyani Bharat Football Club
| nickname = The Lions
| founded = {{start date and age|2014|8|26|df=yes}}
| dissolved = {{end date and age|2015}}
| ground = [[Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex|Balewadi Sports Complex]]
| capacity = 12,000
| owntitle = Owner
| owner = [[Kalyani Group]]
| mgrtitle = Head coach
| manager =
| league =
| season =
| position =
| current =
| pattern_la1 = _redborder
| pattern_b1 = _whitecollar
| pattern_ra1 = _redborder
| pattern_sh1 =
| pattern_so1 =
| leftarm1 = 0B0B61
| body1 = 0B0B61
| rightarm1 = 0B0B61
| shorts1 = 0B0B61
| socks1 = FF0000
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'''Kalyani Bharat Football Club''' (also known as '''Bharat FC''')<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/teams/india/bharat-fc/32521/|title=Kalyani Bharat FC of India: club profile and info|access-date=26 March 2021|website=Soccerway.com|archive-date=22 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210622042739/https://int.soccerway.com/teams/india/bharat-fc/32521/}}</ref> was an Indian professional [[association football|football]] club based in [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]]. Founded in 2014,<ref>{{cite web|first=Hans|last=Schöggl|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/indiafound.html|title=India — List of Foundation Dates|website=[[RSSSF]]|access-date=17 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211023194819/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesi/indiafound.html|archive-date=23 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="Kalyani Group Bid">{{cite web|last1=Mazumdar|first1=Rakhi|title=Kalyani Group bags bid to launch team in I-league|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-08-26/news/53243827_1_kalyani-group-jsw-group-india-football-federation|website=Economic Times|access-date=3 January 2015|archive-date=17 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217060539/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-08-26/news/53243827_1_kalyani-group-jsw-group-india-football-federation}}</ref> the club usually competed in [[I-League]], then top tier of [[Indian football league system]].<ref>[https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/te95535/bharat-fc/ Kalyani Bharat Football Club: profile and statistics]. [https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/te95535/bharat-fc/]. ''worldfootball.net''. Retrieved 26 March 2021.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/Rozario-to-assist-Watkiss-at-Kalyani-Groups-Football-Club/articleshow/45181835.cms|title=Rozario to assist Watkiss at Kalyani Group's Football Club – Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=5 February 2020|archive-date=1 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801140405/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/Rozario-to-assist-Watkiss-at-Kalyani-Groups-Football-Club/articleshow/45181835.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The team was founded on 26 August 2014 by [[Kalyani Group]] as a direct-entry team into the I-League, making them the second direct-entry side in league history after [[Bengaluru FC]].<ref name="Kalyani Group Bid"/>

The name of the team, as well as their home stadium, the [[Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex|Balewadi Sports Complex]], were officially announced on 23 November 2014.<ref name="Stadium Announced 2015">{{cite web|title=Kalyani Group names I-League team as 'Bharat FC'|url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/football/kalyani-group-names-i-league-team-as-bharat-fc_1503681.html|website=Zee News|access-date=3 November 2015|archive-date=8 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208194359/http://zeenews.india.com/sports/football/kalyani-group-names-i-league-team-as-bharat-fc_1503681.html}}</ref><ref name="ISL Stadium 2014">{{cite web|title=Pune ISL franchise unveils team jersey|url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/football/pune-isl-franchise-unveils-team-jersey_794747.html|website=Zee News|access-date=3 January 2015|archive-date=6 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106064740/http://zeenews.india.com/sports/football/pune-isl-franchise-unveils-team-jersey_794747.html}}</ref> But after a disappointing season in I-League the club withdrew and was eventually dissolved.<ref>{{cite web|title=I-League: Pune FC, Bharat FC have a week's time to appeal for exemption from club licensing criterion|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2015/10/29/16773382/official-no-bharat-fc-pune-fc-in-i-league|website=goal.com|access-date=24 June 2016|archive-date=31 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160731112850/http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2015/10/29/16773382/official-no-bharat-fc-pune-fc-in-i-league}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=I-League clubs Pune, Bharat FC planning to disband first team|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/i-league-clubs-pune-bharat-fc-planning-to-disband-first-team/|access-date=21 November 2015|work=The Indian Express|date=19 August 2015|archive-date=12 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151012051714/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/i-league-clubs-pune-bharat-fc-planning-to-disband-first-team/}}</ref>

==History==
In 2013, in a bid to increase the popularity of the [[I-League]] – India's top football league – the [[All India Football Federation]] approved the addition of teams into the league via bidding for a direct-entry slot.<ref name="AIFF 2013">{{cite web|title=AIFF clears two new teams for I-League|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/AIFF-clears-two-new-teams-for-I-League/articleshow/20298970.cms|website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com|publisher=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=3 January 2015|archive-date=28 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528150323/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/AIFF-clears-two-new-teams-for-I-League/articleshow/20298970.cms}}</ref> The first two teams to be allowed into the I-League via direct-entry were [[Bengaluru FC]] and [[Mumbai Tigers F.C.|Mumbai Tigers]] but only [[Bengaluru FC]] played in the [[2013–14 I-League|2013–14 season]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Mumbai Tigers pull out of I-League|url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/football/mumbai-tigers-pull-out-of-i-league_768144.html|website=Zee News|access-date=3 January 2015|archive-date=6 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106065025/http://zeenews.india.com/sports/football/mumbai-tigers-pull-out-of-i-league_768144.html}}</ref> Despite the failure of Mumbai Tigers, Bengaluru FC proved to be an amazing success for the I-League as the [[Bangalore]] club managed to bring in full-houses to all their matches as well as even win the league in their very first season.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Sarbajna|first1=Boudhayan|title=Bengaluru FC's Success Story Opens The Door For More Franchisee Clubs in I-League|url=http://www.thehardtackle.com/2014/bengeluru-fc-s-success-story-opens-the-door-for-more-franchisee-clubs-in-i-league/|website=The Hard Tackle|access-date=3 January 2015|archive-date=6 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106060643/http://www.thehardtackle.com/2014/bengeluru-fc-s-success-story-opens-the-door-for-more-franchisee-clubs-in-i-league/}}</ref> This thus made the AIFF announce that they would be accepting bids for new direct-entry teams for the [[2014–15 I-League|2014–15 season]].<ref>{{cite web|title=AIFF to invite bids for new I-League teams|url=http://www.theshillongtimes.com/2014/05/04/aiff-to-invite-bids-for-new-i-league-teams/|website=The Shillong Times|access-date=3 January 2015|archive-date=16 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220416050342/https://theshillongtimes.com/2014/05/04/aiff-to-invite-bids-for-new-i-league-teams/}}</ref> On 26 August 2014, after the AIFF reviewed the bidders, they announced that [[Kalyani Group]] had won the right to start a direct-entry club for the 2014–15 season.<ref name="Kalyani Group Bid"/>

After winning the bid for the team, in November 2014, Kalyani Group signed their first ever head coach for the football team in former [[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]] player [[Stuart Watkiss]].<ref name="First Coach">{{cite web|title=I-League: Kalyani Group appoints Stuart Watkiss as head coach|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/ileague-kalyani-group-appoints-stuart-watkiss-as-head-coach/510586-5-21.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141106212421/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/ileague-kalyani-group-appoints-stuart-watkiss-as-head-coach/510586-5-21.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 November 2014|website=IBN Live|access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Gouramangi Singh is Bharat FC's latest catch|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/gouramangi-singh-is-bharat-fcs-latest-catch/article6725165.ece|website=www.thehindu.com|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|date=25 December 2014|access-date=22 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303110039/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/Gouramangi-Singh-is-Bharat-FC%E2%80%99s-latest-catch/article60092411.ece|archive-date=3 March 2022}}</ref> They also appointed [[Stanley Rozario]] as assistant coach.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bharat FC Launched – Shillong Lajong FC {{!}} Official Website|url=https://www.shillonglajong.com/bharat-fc-launched/|access-date=30 June 2020|language=en-US|archive-date=3 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703102235/https://www.shillonglajong.com/bharat-fc-launched/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Stanly Rozario becomes Kalyani Group-owned Team's Asst Coach {{!}} Hero I-League|url=https://i-league.org/stanly-rozario-becomes-kalyani-group-owned-teams-asst-coach-2/|access-date=1 July 2020|language=en-US|archive-date=18 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418115303/https://i-league.org/stanly-rozario-becomes-kalyani-group-owned-teams-asst-coach-2/}}</ref> Kalyani Group then signed their first ever player on 10 November 2014 when [[New Zealand men's national football team|New Zealand]] international [[Kris Bright]] signed for the club,<ref name="Kris Bright">{{cite web|last1=Mitra|first1=Atanu|title=Kalyani Group rope in Kris Bright|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2014/11/09/5968231/kalyani-group-rope-in-kris-bright|website=Goal.com|access-date=3 January 2015|archive-date=25 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225003816/http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2014/11/09/5968231/kalyani-group-rope-in-kris-bright}}</ref> who also represented [[New Zealand men's national football team|New Zealand]] at the [[2010 FIFA World Cup]].<ref name=Squad>{{cite web|title=SQUAD|url=http://www.bharatfc.com/squad.php|website=Bharat FC|accessdate=6 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106060836/http://www.bharatfc.com/squad.php|archive-date=6 January 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> After making their first signings, the Kalyani Group officially announced the name of the club on 23 November 2014 as Bharat FC.<ref name="Stadium Announced 2015"/>

The club started the season with two friendlies against [[Bombay Engineer Group]], which they won 3–0, and the second one 5–0, courtesy two goals from [[Steven Dias]] and a goal each from [[Subhash Singh]], [[Surojit Bose]] and [[Jayashelan Prasad]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bharatfc.com/news-detail.php?news_id=18|title=Bharat FC tackle Air India in final preseason friendly|date=16 January 2015|publisher=bharatfc.com|access-date=16 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122013844/http://www.bharatfc.com/news-detail.php?news_id=18|archive-date=22 January 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNUfpZa831s|title=Bharat FC vs BEG - 5–0 - all goals|publisher=[[YouTube]]|access-date=26 March 2021|archive-date=7 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307072447/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNUfpZa831s}}</ref> In the last friendly before the season, Bharat FC played against [[Air India (football club)|Air India]] and managed a 2–2 draw with a goal each from [[Kris Bright]] and [[Gunashekar Vignesh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bharatfc.com/news-detail.php?news_id=19|title=Bharat FC close preseason friendlies with 2–2 draw|date=16 January 2015|access-date=16 January 2015|website=bharatfc.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001659/http://www.bharatfc.com/news-detail.php?news_id=19|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead|location=Pune}}</ref>

===2014–15 I-League===
The [[2014–15 I-League]] was their first and only top flight season, they ever competed.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kashyap's side continue their perfect run|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/bharat-fc-vs-royal-wahingdoh/1980980/report|publisher=Goal|access-date=28 January 2015|website=goal.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326044026/http://m.goal.com/s/en-india/match/bharat-fc-vs-royal-wahingdoh/1980980|archive-date=26 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Bali|first=Rahul|title=Mohammedan Sporting relegated from I-League|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2014/04/28/4781460/mohammedan-sporting-relegated-from-i-league|website=Goal.com|archive-date=3 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703210629/http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2014/04/28/4781460/mohammedan-sporting-relegated-from-i-league|access-date=10 May 2014|date=28 April 2014}}</ref> For their maiden season, ''The Lions'' signed experienced foreigners like Englishman [[Bobby Hassell]], New Zealander [[Kris Bright]]. They rope in Beninese [[Romuald Boco]] as Marquee player, who earned 50 caps for his country.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/boco-joins-bharat-fc-as-marquee-player/article6805638.ece|title=Boco joins Bharat FC as marquee player|website=The Hindu|access-date=26 March 2021|archive-date=16 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220416050338/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/boco-joins-bharat-fc-as-marquee-player/article6805638.ece}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://wap.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/bharat-fc-sign-boco-115012001068_1.html|title=Bharat FC acquires Boco of Benin|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220416050339/https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/bharat-fc-sign-boco-115012001068_1.html|archive-date=16 April 2022|website=business-standard.com|publisher=Business Standard|access-date=26 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bharatfc.com/news-detail.php?news_id=20 |title=Romuald Boco confirmed as Bharat FC's marquee signing |publisher=Bharat FC |date=20 January 2015 |access-date=21 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121134213/http://www.bharatfc.com/news-detail.php?news_id=20 |archive-date=21 January 2015}}</ref> Palestinian [[Omar Jarun]] was also signed in March 2015 for an 18-month deal completing the club's Asian player quota.<ref>{{cite web |title=Palestine international Omar Jarun becomes Bharat FC's fourth foreign player |url=http://www.thesportscampus.com/2015031341341/news-bytes/palestine-international-omar-jarun-becomes-bharat-fcs-fourth-foreign-player |date=13 March 2015 |access-date=13 March 2015 |archive-date=7 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707030718/http://www.thesportscampus.com/2015031341341/news-bytes/palestine-international-omar-jarun-becomes-bharat-fcs-fourth-foreign-player }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Shah |first=Harsh |title=Bharat FC sign Palestine international Omar Jarun |url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/136/india/2015/03/14/9797172/bharat-fc-sign-palestine-international-omar-jarun?ICID=SP |work=Goal.com |date=13 March 2015 |access-date=14 March 2015 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924145124/http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/136/india/2015/03/14/9797172/bharat-fc-sign-palestine-international-omar-jarun?ICID=SP }}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|user=BharatFC|author=Bharat FC|number=608148566607945728|date=9 June 2015|title=#BharatFC's Omar Jarun has announced his retirement from professional football! Thanks for everything BIG O! go well!|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305130023/https://twitter.com/bharatfc/status/608148566607945728|archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/mumbai-v-bharat/f2esq8excdl6i4m8un4ucw7ah|title=Mumbai v Bharat Live Commentary & Result, 30/05/15, I-League | Goal.com|website=www.goal.com|access-date=8 May 2021|archive-date=28 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628183005/https://www.goal.com/en-in/match/mumbai-v-bharat/f2esq8excdl6i4m8un4ucw7ah}}</ref>

In their first ever league match, the debutants held [[Dempo SC]] to a goalless draw.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Lions' debut ends in a stalemate|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/bharat-fc-vs-dempo/1980976/report|publisher=Goal|access-date=25 January 2015|archive-date=3 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403061051/http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/bharat-fc-vs-dempo/1980976/report}}</ref> Later they defeated giants [[Mohun Bagan AC]] by 1–0.<ref>[https://www.india.com/sports/i-league-2014-15-bharat-fc-shock-mohun-bagan-1-0-373988/ Bharat FC shock Mohun Bagan AC in the I-League]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509061955/https://www.india.com/sports/i-league-2014-15-bharat-fc-shock-mohun-bagan-1-0-373988/ |date=9 May 2021 }}. ''india.com''. Retrieved 8 May 2021.</ref> On 27 January 2015, Bright scored the first goal for his club, netting a 14th-minute goal against [[Royal Wahingdoh F.C.|Royal Wahingdoh]] but they lost the game by 1–2.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kashyap's side continue their perfect run|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/bharat-fc-vs-royal-wahingdoh/1980980/report|publisher=Goal|access-date=28 January 2015|archive-date=17 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160117083413/http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/bharat-fc-vs-royal-wahingdoh/1980980/report}}</ref> [[Kris Bright]] emerged as the top goalscorer for Bharat with 6 goals in the league.

Bharat FC has competed in 20 matches in the league season and managed to win only 3 matches alongside 10 draws and 7 defeats. Thus the club finished at the bottom of the league table with 18 points, behind [[Dempo SC|Dempo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiafooty.com/news-center/table/2014-15-i-league/|title=2014–15 I-League fixtures and points table|website=indiafooty.com|publisher=Indian Football Network|access-date=26 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116180547/http://www.indiafooty.com/table/2014-15-i-league/|archive-date=16 November 2019}}</ref> But they were not relegated as they had relegation immunity for two years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/east-bengal-vs-bharat-fc/1980997/preview|title=East Bengal — Bharat FC Preview: Lions' pride travel in search of first win of the season|website=Goal.com|access-date=26 March 2021|archive-date=6 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306115308/http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/east-bengal-vs-bharat-fc/1980997/preview}}</ref><ref name="thebridge.in">{{Cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/featured/look-back-dysfunctional-clubs-past-decade-indian-football/|title=A look back into the dysfunctional clubs in the past decade of Indian football|website=The Bridge|access-date=26 March 2021|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512070750/https://thebridge.in/featured/look-back-dysfunctional-clubs-past-decade-indian-football}}</ref>

==Colours and kits==
During the club's first ever kit launch event on 2 January 2015, it was announced that the club's colours would be based on the team's motto, ''"Together, Forever and Triumphant"'', which are [[blue]], [[red]], and [[white]].<ref name="Kit Launch 2014-15">{{cite web|title=New I-League side Bharat FC launches official kits|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/New-I-League-side-Bharat-FC-launches-official-kits/articleshow/45732253.cms|website=Times of India|access-date=5 January 2015|archive-date=18 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180418053413/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/New-I-League-side-Bharat-FC-launches-official-kits/articleshow/45732253.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> The home kit was coloured in dark blue which stands for the "Peoples Football" while the away kit is predominantly red.<ref name="Kit Launch 2014-15"/> The club's third kit was coloured completely white with the colours blue and red running horizontally across the shirt. The red denotes "passion and vitality" while blue stands for "truth and loyalty".<ref name="Kit Launch 2014-15"/>

==Ownership==
Bharat FC was formed through an initiative by [[Kalyani Group]], a privately held industrial group, headquartered in [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]], that is focused in four primary sectors, viz. Engineering Steel, Automotive & Non-Automotive Components, Renewable Energy & Infrastructure and Specialty Chemicals.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/kalyani-group-to-set-up-missile-mro-in-hyderabad/article26554851.ece|title=Kalyani Group to set up Missile MRO in Hyderabad|last=Kumar|first=V. Rishi|website=@businessline|language=en|access-date=5 February 2020|archive-date=5 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205072956/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/kalyani-group-to-set-up-missile-mro-in-hyderabad/article26554851.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> Amit Kalyani was the club's first and only managing director.<ref name="Kit Launch 2015">{{cite web|title=New I-League side Bharat FC launches official kits|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/New-I-League-side-Bharat-FC-launches-official-kits/articleshow/45732253.cms|website=Times of India|access-date=3 January 2015|archive-date=18 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180418053413/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/New-I-League-side-Bharat-FC-launches-official-kits/articleshow/45732253.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Kit manufacturers and shirt sponsors==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin-left:1em;float:center"
|-
!Period
!Kit manufacturer
!Shirt sponsor
|-
|2015
|[[Nivia Sports|Nivia]]<ref name="Launch Stadium">{{cite web|last1=Viswanath|first1=G|title=High hopes for Bharat FC|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/isl-is-behind-us-looking-forward-to-ileague-gouramangi/article6748585.ece|website=The Hindu|access-date=5 January 2015|archive-date=2 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102131054/http://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/isl-is-behind-us-looking-forward-to-ileague-gouramangi/article6748585.ece|url-status=live}}</ref>
|[[Kalyani Group]]<ref name="Launch Stadium"/>
|}

==Stadium==
{{Main|Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex}}
[[File:Balewadi Athletics Stadiums Interior.jpg|thumb|Shiv Chatrapati Sports Complex on a matchday]]
When Bharat FC's name was announced, the [[Shree Shiv Chhatrapati Sports Complex|Balewadi Sports Complex]] was also announced as the first ever stadium to be used by the club.<ref name="Stadium Announced 2015"/> The stadium has a capacity of 12,000.<ref name="ISL Stadium 2014"/> The team has stated their intention to eventually construct their own football stadium with [[Manjri]] being the initial looked at location for the stadium.<ref name="Launch Stadium"/>

== Disfunction ==
The team was officially launched in November 2014,<ref>{{cite web|title=Kalyani Group names I-League team as 'Bharat FC'|url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/football/kalyani-group-names-i-league-team-as-bharat-fc_1503681.html|website=Zee News|access-date=26 November 2014|archive-date=29 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129065133/http://zeenews.india.com/sports/football/kalyani-group-names-i-league-team-as-bharat-fc_1503681.html|url-status=live}}</ref> but despite investing heavily, Bharat FC just managed to gain only 18 points from 20 games in the [[2014–15 I-League]] season, finishing at the bottom.<ref>{{cite web|title=After Shillong United shut shop, a look at clubs that withdrew from the I-League in the last 5 years|url=https://scroll.in/field/888836/after-shillong-united-shut-shop-a-look-at-clubs-that-withdrew-from-the-i-league-in-the-last-5-years|website=scroll.in|publisher=[[Scroll.in|Scroll]]|date=1 August 2018|access-date=26 November 2022|archive-date=28 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228071930/https://scroll.in/field/888836/after-shillong-united-shut-shop-a-look-at-clubs-that-withdrew-from-the-i-league-in-the-last-5-years}}</ref> The return on investment being abysmal, the club didn't see [[I-League]] as an economically viable investment anymore.<ref>{{cite news|title=Royal Wahingdoh FC pull out of I-League, 3rd club to do so this year|url=https://www.news18.com/news/football/royal-wahingdoh-fc-pull-out-of-i-league-3rd-club-to-do-so-this-year-1167111.html|access-date=21 November 2015|website=news18.com|publisher=CNN News18 Sports|location=New Delhi|agency=Press Trust of India|date=21 November 2015|archive-date=1 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601135013/https://www.news18.com/news/football/royal-wahingdoh-fc-pull-out-of-i-league-3rd-club-to-do-so-this-year-1167111.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Royal Wahingdoh FC pull out of I-League, 3rd club to do so this year|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/football/royal-wahingdoh-pull-out-of-i-league-third-club-to-do-so-this-year-1490553|access-date=21 November 2015|website=sports.ndtv.com|publisher=NDTV Sports|location=New Delhi|agency=Press Trust of India|date=21 November 2015|archive-date=1 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601135604/https://sports.ndtv.com/football/royal-wahingdoh-pull-out-of-i-league-third-club-to-do-so-this-year-1490553}}</ref> With minimal activity ahead of their second season and several staff, including CEO Suvrat Thatte, resigning, the [[Pune]]-based club only played one season in the I-League.<ref name="thebridge.in"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/pune-fc-and-bharat-fc-shutting-down-is-the-beginning-of-the-end-of-i-league-2397220.html/amp|title=Pune FC and Bharat FC closing down is the beginning of the end of I-League|website=firstpost.com|publisher=First Post|access-date=26 March 2021|archive-date=27 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127022339/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/pune-fc-and-bharat-fc-shutting-down-is-the-beginning-of-the-end-of-i-league-2397220.html/amp}}</ref>

==Team records==

===Overall records===
{{updated|5 January 2015}}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center"
|-
! scope="col" rowspan="2" | Season
! colspan=8 class="unsortable" | [[I-League]]
! scope="col" rowspan=2 class="unsortable" | [[Federation Cup (India)|Federation Cup]]
! scope="col" rowspan=2 class="unsortable" | [[Durand Cup]]
! scope="col" rowspan=2 class="unsortable" | [[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]]
! scope="col" colspan=3 class="unsortable" | Top Scorer
|-
!{{tooltip|P|Games played}}
!{{tooltip|W|Games won}}
!{{tooltip|L|Games lost}}
!{{tooltip|D|Games drawn}}
!{{tooltip|GF|Goals for}}
!{{tooltip|GA|Goals against}}
!{{tooltip|Pts|Points}}
!{{tooltip|Position|Position}}
! class="unsortable" | Player
! class="unsortable" | Goals
|-
|[[2014–15 Bharat FC season|2014–15]]
|20
|4
|6
|10
|13
|28
|18
|11th
|—
|—
|—
|[[Kris Bright]]
|6
|}

===Head coach's record===
{{updated|6 January 2015}}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align:center"
!Name!!Nationality!!From!!class="unsortable"|To!!P!!W!!D!!L!!GF!!GA!!Win%!!Ref.
|-
|scope=row style=text-align:left|[[Stuart Watkiss]]
|align=left|{{ENG}}
|align=left|4 November 2014
|align=left|1 June 2015
{{WDL|20|4|6|10|for=13|against=28}}
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bharat 2014–15: Fixtures & Results |url=http://www.bharatfc.com/fixtures-results-listing.php |publisher=Bharat F.C. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319111055/http://www.bharatfc.com/fixtures-results-listing.php |archive-date=19 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|}

===Technical staffs===
{{updated|6 January 2015}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Position
! Name
|-
| Head coach
| {{flagicon|ENG}} [[Stuart Watkiss]]
|-
| Assistant coach
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Stanley Rozario]]
|-
| Fitness coach
| {{flagicon|ENG}} Lindsay Davis<ref>{{cite tweet |author=Hero I-League |user=ILeagueOfficial |number=544432940768174081 |date=15 December 2014 |title=JUST IN: Englishman Lindsay Davis has been roped in as the fitness and conditioning coach of @BharatFC. #ILeague http://t.co/IUNDgyorUN |language=en |access-date=31 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305060653/https://twitter.com/ileagueofficial/status/544432940768174081 |archive-date=5 March 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| Physiotherapist
| {{flagicon|ENG}} Ian Farmery<ref>{{cite tweet |author=Bharat FC |user=BharatFC |number=545172296999002112 |date=17 December 2014 |title=Ian Farmery joins #BharatFC as the first team's physiotherapist. Ian joins us from Barnsley FC. http://t.co/6mDqtVKaNG |language=en |access-date=31 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305030726/https://twitter.com/bharatfc/status/545172296999002112 |archive-date=5 March 2016 }}</ref>
|}

==Notable players==
''For all former notable Bharat FC players with a Wikipedia article, see: [[:Category:Kalyani Bharat FC players|Kalyani Bharat FC players]]''.

===World Cup player===
* {{flagicon|NZL}} [[Kris Bright]] (2015)<ref name="Kris Bright"/><ref>{{cite web|last=Strack-Zimmermann|first=Benjamin|url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/28726/Kris_Bright.html|title=NFT player — National team & Club appearances: Bright, Kris|publisher=National Football Teams|access-date=18 January 2023|archive-date=3 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603055503/https://www.national-football-teams.com/player/28726/Kris_Bright.html|website=national-football-teams.com}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal bar|India|Association football}}
* [[List of football clubs in India|List of football clubs in Maharashtra]]
* [[:Category:Defunct football clubs in India|Defunct football clubs in India]]
* [[Sports in Maharashtra]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
'''Bibliography'''
*{{cite book |last1=Kapadia |first1=Novy |year=2017|title=Barefoot to Boots: The Many Lives of Indian Football |publisher=Penguin Random House |isbn=978-0-143-42641-7 }}
*{{cite book |title=India's Football Dream |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-V6HDwAAQBAJ&q=national+association+manmatha+ganguly |publisher=SAGE Publications India |last1=Sharma |first1=Nikhil Paramjit |last2=Gupta |first2=Shantanu |date=4 February 2019 |access-date=4 October 2022 |archive-date=4 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004041830/https://books.google.com/books?id=-V6HDwAAQBAJ&dq=national+association+manmatha+ganguly&source=gbs_navlinks_s |isbn=9789353283063 }}

'''Other sources'''
*{{cite web|title=Bharat FC sign six players from Indian Super League|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/136/india/2014/12/23/7332562/bharat-fc-sign-six-players-from-indian-super-league?ICID=SP|publisher=Goal.com|author=Anselm Noronha|date=23 December 2014|access-date=23 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150301144142/http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/136/india/2014/12/23/7332562/bharat-fc-sign-six-players-from-indian-super-league?ICID=SP|archive-date=1 March 2015}}
*{{Cite web|title=Featured : Haryanavi Defender Ravi Kumar Punia Qualified for I-League by Winning the Qualifiers with Rajasthan United.|url=https://www.futbolindia.in/2021/10/Ravi-kumar-punia.html|access-date=21 December 2021|website=futbolindia.in|publisher=Futbol India|language=en|archive-date=26 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126160147/https://www.futbolindia.in/2021/10/Ravi-kumar-punia.html|date=24 October 2021|first=Brian|last=Luiz}}
*{{Cite web|title=The Story of Ravi Kumar Punia, defender from Haryana playing for Rajasthan United FC|work=Halfway Football|url=https://halfwayfootball.com/the-story-of-ravi-kumar-punia-defender-rajasthan-united-fc/|access-date=21 December 2021|language=en-US|archive-date=26 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126161645/https://halfwayfootball.com/the-story-of-ravi-kumar-punia-defender-rajasthan-united-fc/|date=22 October 2021|first=Joel|last=Stan}}
*{{Cite web|first=Sharhan|last=Shafi|date=31 October 2021|title=The Story of Ravi Kumar Punia, defender from Haryana playing for Rajasthan United FC|location=Srinagar|url=https://www.kashmircrown.com/the-story-of-ravi-kumar-punia-defender-from-haryana-playing-for-rajasthan-united-fc/|access-date=21 December 2021|website=kashmircrown.com|publisher=The Kashmir Crown|language=en-US|archive-date=26 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126160143/https://www.kashmircrown.com/the-story-of-ravi-kumar-punia-defender-from-haryana-playing-for-rajasthan-united-fc/}}
*{{Cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/news/wearing-the-national-team-jersey-again-will-be-a-proud-moment-for-me-adil-khan/|title=Wearing the national team jersey again will be a proud moment for me-Adil Khan|date=30 January 2017|access-date=23 October 2019|archive-date=23 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191023165540/https://khelnow.com/news/wearing-the-national-team-jersey-again-will-be-a-proud-moment-for-me-adil-khan/|first=Ravish R|last=Narvekar|work=khelnow.com}}
*{{cite web|date=25 September 2017|first1=Joe|last1=Williams|url=https://khelnow.com/football/goa-maha-derby-i-league|title=The Goa and Maha Derby: A thing past in I-League|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720065558/https://khelnow.com/football/goa-maha-derby-i-league|archive-date=20 July 2021|website=khelnow.com|publisher=Khel Now News|access-date=20 July 2021}}
*{{cite news|last1=Noronha|first1=Anselm|title=Top and Flop: Sporting Clube de Goa 2–0 Bharat FC|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2015/05/06/11364032/top-and-flop-sporting-clube-de-goa-2-0-bharat-fc|access-date=23 May 2015|work=Goal.com|date=6 May 2015|archive-date=6 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306211912/http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2015/05/06/11364032/top-and-flop-sporting-clube-de-goa-2-0-bharat-fc}}
*{{cite web|url=https://thefangarage.com/articles/3757-tfgtake--old-candy-in-new-wrapper-dsk-shivajians-have-got-basics-right-but-lack-excitement|title=Old Candy in New Wrapper: DSK Shivajians have got basics right but lack excitement|date=20 January 2016|access-date=16 February 2024|website=thefangarage.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128101957/https://thefangarage.com/articles/3757-tfgtake--old-candy-in-new-wrapper-dsk-shivajians-have-got-basics-right-but-lack-excitement|archive-date=28 January 2023|location=Pune}}

==External links==
*[https://int.soccerway.com/teams/india/bharat-fc/32521/ Bharat FC] at Soccerway
*{{Twitter|bharatfc}}
*[https://www.besoccer.com/team/bharat-fc Bharat FC] at BeSoccer
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20220506173026/https://www.fotmob.com/teams/608704/overview/kalyani-bharat-fc Bharat FC] at Fotmob (archived)
*[https://www.worldfootball.net/teams/te95535/bharat-fc/ Bharat FC] at WorldFootball.net
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150101173232/http://www.bharatfc.com/ Official club website] (archived)
*[https://globalsportsarchive.com/team/soccer/kalyani-bharat-fc/21848/ Bharat FC] at Global Sports Archive

{{Bharat FC}}
{{I-League}}
{{Football in Maharashtra}}


[[Category:Kalyani Bharat FC| ]]
[[Category:Association football clubs established in 2014]]
[[Category:Football clubs in Pune]]
[[Category:I-League clubs]]
[[Category:2014 establishments in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Defunct football clubs in India]]
[[Category:Association football clubs disestablished in 2015]]
[[Category:2015 disestablishments in India]]

Hiran River (Madhya Pradesh)

2026-01-27T03:10:31Z

PrakashBar: adding initial place w/ sources!

{{unreliable sources|date=August 2024}}
{{notability|1=Places|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Hiran River
| name_other = Hiran
| name_etymology = 
| image =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| map =
| map_size =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India
| pushpin_map_size =
| pushpin_map_caption = Indian River Map
| source1 = Vindhya-Kaimur range
| source1_location = Kundam [[Jabalpur district]]
| source1_coordinates =
| source1_elevation =
| mouth = [[Narmada River]]
| mouth_location = Sankal [[Narsinghpur District]]
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|23.10|79.34|format=dms|type:river_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation =
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = {{IND}}
| subdivision_type2 = State
| subdivision_name2 = [[madhya Pradesh ]]
| subdivision_type3 = City
| subdivision_name3 = [[Kundam]], [[Sihora]], [[Katangi]]
| subdivision_type4 = Tributary
| subdivision_name4 =
| length = 188 km (almost)

| discharge1_avg =
| basin_size = 4,792 sq. km.
}}
'''Hiran''' is a river in [[Madhya Pradesh]] in [[India]]. Hiran is a tributary of [[Narmada River]]. It's Flowed in [[Jabalpur District]].<ref>https://www.mindat.org/feature-1270050.html</ref>

== Description ==
Hiran River flows in [[Mahakaushal]] region. It originates from [[Kundam]] town in Jabalpur district. [[Katangi]] and [[Sihora]] town are also located on the banks of Hiran river. On the border of [[Narsinghpur]] and [[Jabalpur district]] it joins Narmada River.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.travelwithpreeti.in/2021/05/origin-of-hiran-river.html?m=1 | title=हिरन नदी का उद्गम स्थल - the origin of the Hiran river | date=4 March 2021 | access-date=14 February 2024 | archive-date=22 February 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222213058/https://www.travelwithpreeti.in/2021/05/origin-of-hiran-river.html?m=1 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Narmada River]]

* [[List of rivers of Madhya Pradesh]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Rivers of Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Tributaries of the Narmada River]]

{{India-river-stub}}

Rashtriya Lok Samta Party

2026-01-27T01:58:16Z

PrakashBar: minor cleanup

{{other uses|Samata Party (disambiguation)}}
{{short description|Political party in India}}
{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}{{Use Indian English|date=September 2015}}
{{Infobox Indian Political Party
| party_name = Rashtriya Lok Samata Party
| party_logo = [[File:Flag of the RLSP.png]]
| abbreviation = RLSP
| colorcode = {{party color|Rashtriya Lok Samata Party}}
| president = [[Upendra Kushwaha]]
| founder = Upendra Kushwaha
| foundation = {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|2013|03|03}}
| split = [[Janata Dal (United)]]
| merged = [[Janata Dal (United)]]
| successor = [[Rashtriya Lok Morcha]]
| predecessor = [[Samata Party]]
| dissolution = {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|2021|03|14}}
| symbol = [[File:Indian Election Symbol Ceiling Fan.svg|200px]]
| website = {{URL|https://ralospa.in}}
| eci = [[List of political parties in India#State parties|State Party]]
| alliance = [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] (2014—2018) 
[[United Progressive Alliance]] (2018—2020) [[Grand Democratic Secular Front]] (2020—2021)}}
'''Rashtriya Lok Samta Party''' (abbreviated as '''RLSP'''; [[translation]]: ''National People's Equity Party'') was a [[political party]] in India led by [[Upendra Kushwaha]]. It was launched on 3 March 2013 and based in the state of [[Bihar]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/rlsp-chief-upendra-kushwaha-quits-as-union-minister/article25709719.ece|title=RLSP chief Upendra Kushwaha quits as Union Minister|date=10 December 2018|website=[[Business Line]]|language=en|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130185437/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/rlsp-chief-upendra-kushwaha-quits-as-union-minister/article25709719.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Political Handbook of the World 2015|publisher=[[CQ Press]]|year=2015|isbn=978-1-4833-7157-3|editor-last=Lansford|editor-first=Tom|location=[[United States]]|chapter=India – National Democratic Alliance}}</ref> The party came into existence as a result of a feud between [[Nitish Kumar]] and [[Upendra Kushwaha]], after which Kushwaha left the [[Nitish Kumar]]-led [[Janata Dal (United)]] and formed his own party.<ref name=":1" /> It has faced multiple rebellions and desertions since 2015.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> After relations between Nitish and Kushwaha normalized, [[Upendra Kushwaha]] merged RLSP into JDU on 14 March 2021, with this, the party ceased to exist.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RLSP chief Upendra Kushwaha announces merger with JDU|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/upendra-kushwaha-to-merge-rlsp-with-nitish-kumar-s-jdu-1779211-2021-03-14|access-date=2021-09-18|website=India Today|date=14 March 2021 |language=en|archive-date=4 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804223435/https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/india/story/upendra-kushwaha-to-merge-rlsp-with-nitish-kumar-s-jdu-1779211-2021-03-14|url-status=live}}</ref>

==History of the party==

=== Background ===
[[File:Bihar State headquarter of Rashtriya Lok Samta Party.jpg|thumb|Bihar state headquarter of Rashtriya Lok Samata Party.]]
[[Upendra Kushwaha]] was dismissed from the [[Janata Dal (United)]] in 2007.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Banerjee|first=Shoumojit|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/Rashtriya-Samata-Party-merges-with-JDU/article16894644.ece|title=Rashtriya Samata Party merges with JD(U)|date=2009-11-27|work=[[The Hindu]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425091049/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/Rashtriya-Samata-Party-merges-with-JDU/article16894644.ece|archive-date=2020-04-25|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Kushwaha founded the ''' Rashtriya Samata Party ''' in February 2009. The party was formed in the backdrop of alleged marginalisation of the [[Koeri]] caste and [[autocratic rule]] by the [[Nitish Kumar]] government in [[Bihar]]. The formation of the party was supported by [[Chhagan Bhujbal]], the deputy chief minister of [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Upendra-Kushwaha-forms-new-political-party-RSP/articleshow/4093314.cms|title=Upendra Kushwaha forms new political party|last=Singh|first=Abhay|date=8 February 2009|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425094050/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Upendra-Kushwaha-forms-new-political-party-RSP/articleshow/4093314.cms|archive-date=2020-04-25}}</ref> In November 2009, the party was merged into the Janata Dal (United) with the mending of ties between Kushwaha and Kumar.<ref name=":0" />

On 4 January 2013, Upendra Kushwaha who at the time was a [[Rajya Sabha]] member resigned from the [[Janata Dal (United)]]. He alleged that the Nitish model had failed and that the law and order situation was becoming as bad as it had been 7 years ago. He further alleged that the [[Nitish Kumar]] runs his government through autocratic means and that he had turned the [[Janata Dal (United)]] into his "pocket organisation".<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/jdu-mp-upendra-kushwaha-resigns-attacks-nitish-kumar/articleshow/17885118.cms|title=JD(U) MP Upendra Kushwaha resigns, attacks Nitish Kumar|date=2013-01-04|work=[[The Economic Times]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425123937/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/jdu-mp-upendra-kushwaha-resigns-attacks-nitish-kumar/articleshow/17885118.cms|archive-date=2020-04-25}}</ref>

=== Formation and early years ===
Kushwaha launched the Rashtriya Lok Samata Party in a rally in [[Gandhi Maidan]], [[Patna]] on 3 March 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aajtak.intoday.in/story/member-of-parliament-from-karakat-and-minister-of-state-in-government-of-india-upendra-kushwaha-1-836712.html|title=RLSP के संस्थापक और बिहार के काराकट से सांसद उपेंद्र कुशवाहा का राजनीतिक सफर|date=6 October 2015|editor-last=Gupta|editor-first=Surabhi|website=[[Aaj Tak]]|language=hi|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=29 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210329010549/https://www.aajtak.in/elections/story/member-of-parliament-from-karakat-and-minister-of-state-in-government-of-india-upendra-kushwaha-315105-2015-10-06|url-status=live}}</ref> The party's base was reported to be primarily among the member of [[Koeri]] or [[Kushwaha]] caste, which is recognised as a [[dominant caste|dominant Backward Caste]] in state of Bihar.{{efn|Upendra Kushwaha's RLSP has its base among the Kushwahas or Koeris, a dominant other backward caste (OBC) that forms 8 per cent of the electorate. The party won three seats, with the Modi wave behind it, in 2014. The challenge for Kushwaha is to wean away the Koeris, Kurmis and the EBC Dhanuks from Nitish (who is a Kurmi). This is also why the BJP did not try to stop Kushwaha when he quit the NDA.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20190415-caste-in-stone-bihar-1494557-2019-04-05|title=Caste In Stone|website=India Today|date=5 April 2019 |accessdate=24 August 2023}}</ref>}} At the time of formation, Kushwaha had stated that the party will attempt to overthrow the [[National Democratic Alliance]] in the state of [[Bihar]]. However, following the departure of the [[Janata Dal (United)]] from the alliance, the party joined the National Democratic Alliance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bjp-to-ally-with-obc-leader-upendra-kushwaha-in-bihar/article5719469.ece|title=BJP to ally with OBC leader Upendra Kushwaha in Bihar|last=Gaikwad|first=Rahi|date=23 February 2014|website=[[The Hindu]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425132509/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/bjp-to-ally-with-obc-leader-upendra-kushwaha-in-bihar/article5719469.ece|archive-date=25 April 2020}}</ref> In the subsequent [[2014 Indian general election]], it contested 3 [[parliamentary seat]]s in [[Bihar]] ([[Sitamarhi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sitamarhi]], [[Karakat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Karakat]] and [[Jahanabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jahanabad]]) as part of the alliance and won all of them.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/ljp-rlsp-demand-same-number-of-seats-as-in-2014-ls-polls-3141711.html|title=LJP, RLSP demand same number of seats as in 2014 LS polls|date=8 November 2018|website=[[Moneycontrol.com]]|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=8 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108212102/https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/india/ljp-rlsp-demand-same-number-of-seats-as-in-2014-ls-polls-3141711.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Upendra Kushwaha was elected from the Karakat constituency and was appointed as the [[Minister of State of Human Resource Development]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/list-of-council-of-ministers-in-modi-cabinet/article6052078.ece|title=List of Council of ministers in Modi Cabinet|date=2014-05-27|work=The Hindu|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119123241/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/list-of-council-of-ministers-in-modi-cabinet/article6052078.ece|archive-date=19 January 2018|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> In the following [[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]], the party contested 23 out of 243 seats as part of the alliance but was able to have its representative elected from only two seats.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/upendra-kushwaha-s-exit-will-dent-nda-s-poll-prospect-say-experts/story-sBbRMkr8t0ZyBR6VmXV43K.html|title=Upendra Kushwaha's exit will dent NDA's poll prospect, say experts|last=Swaroop|first=Vijay|date=2018-12-10|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|language=en|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=4 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190604144728/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/upendra-kushwaha-s-exit-will-dent-nda-s-poll-prospect-say-experts/story-sBbRMkr8t0ZyBR6VmXV43K.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Upendra Kushwaha unveiling the plaque to inaugurate the newly constructed office complex of All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), a statutory body of Govt. of India, Ministry of HRD, in New Delhi.jpg|thumb|Upendra Kushwaha unveiling the plaque to inaugurate the newly constructed office complex of [[All India Council for Technical Education]] (AICTE), a statutory body of Govt. of India, Ministry of HRD, in New Delhi.]]

=== Factionalism and desertions ===
From late 2015 onward, the party was divided into two factions; one led by [[Upendra Kushwaha]] and the other led by [[Arun Kumar (Bihar politician)|Arun Kumar]], the [[member of parliament]] from the [[Jahanabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jahanabad constituency]]. In 2016, the faction of Arun Kumar held a meeting which announced the replacement of Kushwaha with Arun Kumar as the leader of the party. [[Lalan Paswan]], a member of the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] from the party had also attended the meeting. Kumar claimed that his faction was the real representatives of the party and decided to move to the [[Election Commission of India]] staking claim to the party name and symbol while further accusing Kushwaha of adopting autocratic means of running the party. In retaliation, the Kushwaha faction constituting the disciplinary committee of the party recommended the suspension of both Arun Kumar and Lalan Paswan for "indiscipline and anti-party activities". The disciplinary committee was headed by [[Ram Kumar Sharma]], the other member of parliament from the party.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/rlsp-set-for-split-as-rival-factions-face-off-2986051/|title=RLSP set for split as rival factions face off|date=20 August 2016|work=The Indian Express|access-date=20 November 2017|archive-date=9 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809160458/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/rlsp-set-for-split-as-rival-factions-face-off-2986051/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In June 2018, the party formally split with the faction of Arun Kumar forming the [[Rashtriya Samata Party (Secular)]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/bihar/split-wide-open-rlsp-bloc-forms-new-party/cid/1444418|title=Split wide open: RLSP bloc forms new party|last=Raj|first=Dev|date=29 June 2018|website=[[Telegraph India]]|language=en|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=5 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805162350/https://www.telegraphindia.com/bihar/split-wide-open-rlsp-bloc-forms-new-party/cid/1444418|url-status=live}}</ref> In the same year, the Rashtriya Lok Samata Party left the National Democratic Alliance. The party had been involved in an argument with the alliance over seat sharing arrangement for the [[2019 Indian general election|upcoming general election]] while targeting the Janata Dal (United) which had rejoined the alliance.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/dec/05/upendra-kushwahas-rlsp-finally-turns-against-bjp-set-leave-nda-on-december-6-1907680.html|title=Upendra Kushwaha's RLSP finally turns against BJP, set to leave NDA today|last=Das|first=Anand ST|date=5 December 2018|website=[[The New Indian Express]]|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=28 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428221244/https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/dec/05/upendra-kushwahas-rlsp-finally-turns-against-bjp-set-leave-nda-on-december-6-1907680.html|url-status=live}}</ref> This led to rebellion from all the three state legislators of the party, who declared that they represented the real party, raising objections that they intended to remain in the alliance. The legislators were at the time attempting to get Sudhanshu Shekhar included in the [[Sixth Nitish Kumar ministry|Council of Ministers of Bihar]] which was led by [[Nitish Kumar]]. Shekhar was one of the legislators of the state party in Bihar.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/rlsp-legislators-revolt-declare-they-will-remain-in-nda/articleshow/67104972.cms?from=mdr|title=RLSP legislators revolt; declare they will remain in NDA|date=2018-12-15|work=[[The Economic Times]]|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=5 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805162351/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/rlsp-legislators-revolt-declare-they-will-remain-in-nda/articleshow/67104972.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}}</ref> However on 20 December 2018, Upendra Kushwaha declared that the party had joined the opposition [[United Progressive Alliance]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/elections/rlsp-s-upendra-kushwaha-joins-upa-in-bihar-becomes-part-of-mahagathbandhan-118122000664_1.html|title=RLSP chief Kushwaha joins UPA in Bihar, becomes part of Mahagathbandhan|date=2018-12-20|work=[[Business Standard India]]|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=14 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014126/https://www.business-standard.com/article/elections/rlsp-s-upendra-kushwaha-joins-upa-in-bihar-becomes-part-of-mahagathbandhan-118122000664_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Earlier in 2017, the [[Nagmani Kushwaha|Nagmani]] led [[Samras Samaj Party]] had been merged into the Rashtriya Lok Samata Party.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.uniindia.com/samras-samaj-party-merges-into-rlsp/other/news/944978.html|title=Samras Samaj Party merged into RLSP|date=29 July 2017|work=[[United News of India]]|access-date=25 April 2020|archive-date=26 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126072023/http://www.uniindia.com/samras-samaj-party-merges-into-rlsp/other/news/944978.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Nagmani was subsequently made the national executive of the party. In February 2019, he was sacked from the post for alleged "anti-party" activities following which he resigned from the party on grounds that Upendra Kushwaha was allegedly selling party tickets for the upcoming election.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/rlsp-removes-nagmani-from-national-working-president-post-119020801281_1.html|title=RLSP removes Nagmani from national working president post|date=2019-02-08|work=[[Business Standard India]]|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=7 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407110816/https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/rlsp-removes-nagmani-from-national-working-president-post-119020801281_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/nagmani-resigns-accuses-kushwaha-of-selling-party-tickets-119021000521_1.html|title=Nagmani resigns, accuses Kushwaha of "selling" party tickets|date=2019-02-10|work=[[Business Standard India]]|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=7 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407112323/https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/nagmani-resigns-accuses-kushwaha-of-selling-party-tickets-119021000521_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the [[2019 Indian general election]], the Rashtriya Lok Samata Party contested on 5 parliamentary seats as part of the United Progressive Alliance with Upendra Kushwaha contesting from two seats.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/election-results-2019-bihar-i-accept-peoples-verdict-need-for-introspection-says-rlsps-upendra-kushw-2041914|title='I Accept People's Verdict, Need For Introspection,' Says RLSP's Upendra Kushwaha|date=23 May 2019|website=[[NDTV]]|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=11 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811162928/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/election-results-2019-bihar-i-accept-peoples-verdict-need-for-introspection-says-rlsps-upendra-kushw-2041914|url-status=live}}</ref> The party was however unable to win on a single seat while the alliance won just one seat in Bihar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2019/may/25/patna-all-is-now-going-well-in-bihars-mahagavandhan-after-defeatsblame-game-started-1981660.html|title=After humiliating defeat in Lok Sabha elections, blame game begins in Bihar's grand alliance|last=Thakur|first=Rajesh Kumar|date=25 May 2019|website=[[The New Indian Express]]|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=10 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200710005601/https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2019/may/25/patna-all-is-now-going-well-in-bihars-mahagavandhan-after-defeatsblame-game-started-1981660.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Following the election, all the three formerly dissident state legislators of the party joined the [[Janata Dal (United)]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha-2019/story/jolt-to-kushwaha-s-rlsp-all-3-of-its-legislators-join-jd-u-1535173-2019-05-26|title=Jolt to Upendra Kushwaha's RLSP, all 3 of its legislators join JDU|date=26 May 2019|website=[[India Today]]|language=en|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=5 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805162358/https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/lok-sabha-2019/story/jolt-to-kushwaha-s-rlsp-all-3-of-its-legislators-join-jd-u-1535173-2019-05-26|url-status=live}}</ref>

==2020 Bihar Assembly Elections==
=== Exit from mainstream coalitions ===
In the wake of the [[2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]], Upendra Kushwaha pulled the party out of the [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]] led [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|Mahagathbandhan]] (Grand Alliance),<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=2020-10-03|title=Bihar polls: Tejashwi announces Grand Alliance's seat-sharing deal, Congress to contest from 70 seats|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bihar-elections-opposition-alliance-rjd-144-congress-70-left-29-6685968/|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210326035411/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bihar-elections-opposition-alliance-rjd-144-congress-70-left-29-6685968/|website=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en|archive-date=26 March 2021}}</ref> the extension of the United Progressive Alliance in Bihar.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-12-20|title=RLSP chief Kushwaha joins UPA in Bihar, becomes part of Mahagathbandhan|work=[[Business Standard India]]|publisher=[[Press Trust of India]]|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/elections/rlsp-s-upendra-kushwaha-joins-upa-in-bihar-becomes-part-of-mahagathbandhan-118122000664_1.html|access-date=2020-10-04|archive-date=14 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014126/https://www.business-standard.com/article/elections/rlsp-s-upendra-kushwaha-joins-upa-in-bihar-becomes-part-of-mahagathbandhan-118122000664_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The party entered into an alliance with the [[Uttar Pradesh]] based [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] and the minor Janatantrik Party (Socialist);<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=30 September 2020|title=Upendra Kushwaha's Key Aide Quits Over New Alliance With Mayawati's Party|work=[[NDTV]]|publisher=[[Press Trust of India]]|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/upendra-kushwahas-key-aide-quits-over-new-alliance-with-mayawatis-party-2303428?amp=1&akamai-rum=off|access-date=2 October 2020|archive-date=30 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930195402/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/upendra-kushwahas-key-aide-quits-over-new-alliance-with-mayawatis-party-2303428?amp=1&akamai-rum=off|url-status=live}}</ref> according to Kushwaha both the major alliances were no different from each other.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Tewary|first=Amarnath|date=2020-09-29|title=Upendra Kushwaha out of 'mahagathbandhan', stitches new alliance with BSP|language=en-IN|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/bihar-assembly/rlsp-severs-ties-with-mahagathbandhan-stitches-new-alliance-with-bsp-other-parties/article32723238.ece|access-date=2020-10-04|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=5 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805162353/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/bihar-assembly/rlsp-severs-ties-with-mahagathbandhan-stitches-new-alliance-with-bsp-other-parties/article61701031.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> According to the ''[[Dainik Bhaskar]]'', the unorthodox alliance was symptomatic of a pattern of shrinking space for smaller parties leaving them with less leverage in seat sharing negotiations within larger alliances.<ref>{{cite web|date=1 October 2020|title=दो नहीं अब पांच गठबंधन आजमाएंगे मैदान में दांव, चुनावी जमीन का सबसे बड़ा हिस्सा एनडीए के पास|trans-title=Not two but five coalitions will contest, the largest stakeholder NDA|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/patna/news/not-two-now-five-alliances-will-try-the-field-the-nda-has-the-largest-share-of-electoral-land-127769587.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001052153/https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/patna/news/not-two-now-five-alliances-will-try-the-field-the-nda-has-the-largest-share-of-electoral-land-127769587.html|archive-date=1 October 2020|website=[[Dainik Bhaskar]]|language=hi|quote=Parties are disengaging from alliances simply because their space in Alliance Politics is getting smaller. The scope for contested seats is diminishing.}}</ref> Following the new arrangement, the state president of the party, [[Bhudeo Choudhary]] resigned from his position and joined the [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Santosh|date=2020-10-01|title=In Bihar, alliances try to outdo each other for larger share of Dalit votes|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/in-bihar-alliances-try-to-outdo-each-other-for-larger-share-of-dalit-votes-6655986/|access-date=2020-10-04|website=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en|archive-date=3 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201003045540/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/in-bihar-alliances-try-to-outdo-each-other-for-larger-share-of-dalit-votes-6655986/|url-status=live}}</ref> This was followed by the national general secretary Madhav Anand resigning from his party membership while stating that the decision for an alliance with minor players was "inconsequential" and could potentially finish the party.<ref name=":6" /> Subsequently, the new state president of the party, Bharat Bind resigned to join the [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]] as well.<ref name=":5" />

During the campaign stage, the new coalition was merged with another smaller one consisting of the [[Telangana]] based [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]] and the [[Devendra Prasad Yadav]] led [[Samajwadi Janata Dal Democratic]] to form the Grand Democratic Secular Alliance, this alliance also included the [[Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party]] and declared Upendra Kushwaha as the candidate for the position of [[Chief Minister of Bihar]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=8 October 2020|title=Asaduddin Owaisi, Upendra Kushwaha Form Front Of 6 Parties For Bihar Polls|work=NDTV|agency=Press Trust of India|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/asaduddin-owaisi-upendra-kushwaha-form-front-of-6-parties-for-bihar-polls-2307317|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=8 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008231802/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/asaduddin-owaisi-upendra-kushwaha-form-front-of-6-parties-for-bihar-polls-2307317|url-status=live}}</ref> In the meantime, the former member of the legislative assembly Ajay Pratap joined the party.<ref>{{cite web|title=कुशवाहा के साथ ओवैसी:ओवैसी से गठबंधन के बाद अजय प्रताप को भी रालोसपा में ले आये उपेंद्र कुशवाहा, जमुई सीट पर होगा रोमांचक मुकाबला|trans-title=Kushwaha with Owaisi: After aliance with Owaisi, Ajay Pratap has been brought to RLSP by Upendra Kushwaha, adventrous fight on Jamui constituency|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/news/after-the-alliance-with-owaisi-upendra-kushwaha-who-brought-ajay-pratap-in-rlsp-will-be-a-thrilling-contest-on-jamui-seat-127785734.html|access-date=2020-10-07|website=Dainik Bhaskar|archive-date=7 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007013826/https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/news/after-the-alliance-with-owaisi-upendra-kushwaha-who-brought-ajay-pratap-in-rlsp-will-be-a-thrilling-contest-on-jamui-seat-127785734.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

===fielding of candidates===
Relying upon its vote base which is [[Kushwaha]] caste, RLSP fielded 40% Kushwaha candidates in the elections . The [[Grand Democratic Secular Front]] of which RLSP was a constituent member relied primarily upon the votes of castes like Kushwahas, Ravidasis, and [[Muslim]]s . RLSP in the first phase of elections contested a total of 42 seats amongst which it gave ticket to 17 candidates of Kushwaha caste while its ally [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen|AIMIM]] placed its candidates in Muslim dominated areas of Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/patna/news/rlsp-will-contest-more-than-100-seats-in-bihar-assembly-elections-in-3-phases-40-will-be-kushwaha-candidates-127801758.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210326035911/https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/patna/news/rlsp-will-contest-more-than-100-seats-in-bihar-assembly-elections-in-3-phases-40-will-be-kushwaha-candidates-127801758.html |title=जाति की राजनीति:बिहार विधानसभा चुनाव में 3 चरण में 100 से अधिक सीटों पर लड़ेगी रालोसपा, 40% होंगे कुशवाहा प्रत्याशी|website=Dainik Bhaskar|access-date=11 October 2020|quote=Trans.:In the assembly elections, political parties are putting up more candidates for their base vote castes. The RLSP, the main constituent of the Grand Democratic Secular Front, considers the Kushwaha (Koeri) society its base vote. This front consists of 6 parties. Of these, RALOSPA will contest the most seats. The party will contest elections on more than 100 seats, including 40% Kushwaha candidates. The RLSP has fielded candidates for 42 seats in the first phase, of which 17 are Kushwaha candidates.|archive-date=26 March 2021 }}</ref> Similarly in the list of its 37 candidates in the second phase also Koeri candidates were dominant accounting for 18 seats.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/bihar-election/news/rlsp-fielded-18-koeri-candidates-in-37-bsp-got-80-seats-list-of-second-phase-candidates-released-127821616.html|title=RLSP fielded 18 Koeri candidates in 37, BSP got 80 seats|website=Dainik Bhaskar|access-date=2020-10-17|archive-date=5 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805162350/https://www.bhaskar.com/bihar-election/news/rlsp-fielded-18-koeri-candidates-in-37-bsp-got-80-seats-list-of-second-phase-candidates-released-127821616.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Result===
RLSP failed to grab any seat but its allies AIMIM and BSP ended up getting 6 seat overall. The percentage of vote earned by AIMIM was smaller as compared to the RLSP but unlike the former it emerged stronger in the Simanchal region of Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/bihar-assembly-election-owaisi-factor-in-seemanchal-worries-grand-alliance-1737053-2020-11-01|title=Bihar assembly election: Owaisi factor in Seemanchal worries grand alliance|website=indiatoday|date=November 2020 |access-date=2020-11-18|archive-date=21 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201121082743/https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/bihar-assembly-election-owaisi-factor-in-seemanchal-worries-grand-alliance-1737053-2020-11-01|url-status=live}}</ref> It also showed its strong presence on many seats including Dinara and Saffron.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bihar-election/exit-of-smaller-parties-dented-mahagathbandhan-s-chances-of-regaining-power-in-bihar/story-p0THw5c0QCYQ0OY3AjJHcJ.html|title=Exit of smaller parties dented Mahagathbandhan's chances of regaining power in Bihar|website=Hindustan Times|date=18 November 2020 |access-date=2020-11-22|archive-date=21 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421090457/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bihar-election/exit-of-smaller-parties-dented-mahagathbandhan-s-chances-of-regaining-power-in-bihar/story-p0THw5c0QCYQ0OY3AjJHcJ.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/india/owaisi-mayawati-or-upendra-kushwaha-why-rjd-led-grand-alliance-lost-fort-bihar-to-nda-2324096.html|title=Owaisi, Mayawati or Upendra Kushwaha: Why RJD-led Grand Alliance lost fort Bihar to NDA?|website=Zee News|access-date=2020-11-22|archive-date=23 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123210223/https://zeenews.india.com/india/owaisi-mayawati-or-upendra-kushwaha-why-rjd-led-grand-alliance-lost-fort-bihar-to-nda-2324096.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Merger into JD(U)==
Following the poor performance of the party in 2020 Bihar assembly elections, the speculation of Upendra Kushwaha's merger with JD(U) rose again. This speculation, however was not clear until March 2021, which led many party leaders including acting state president of RLSP, Veerendra Kushwaha joining hands with the [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]. The party finally merged into [[Janata Dal (United)|JDU]], from which it was formed as a result of split in 2013 and Kushwaha was made the president of parliamentary board of the JD(U). The merger and the heartwarming welcome to Upendra Kushwaha was seen as the attempt to revive JD(U)'s old social coalition of Kurmi-Koeri [[caste]]s, which was utilised by [[Nitish Kumar]] to oust the [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]] from power after the 1990s.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/rlsp-leaders-expel-party-chief-kushwaha-join-rjd/article34053634.ece|archive-url=
https://web.archive.org/web/20210328122108/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/rlsp-leaders-expel-party-chief-kushwaha-join-rjd/article34053634.ece |title=RLSP leaders expel party chief Kushwaha, join RJD|website=The Hindu|date= 12 March 2021 |accessdate=28 March 2021|archive-date=28 March 2021|last1= Tewary |first1= Amarnath }}</ref>

== Electoral performance ==

=== Lok Sabha ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Year
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Seats
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |±
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Voteshare (%)
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |± (%)
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Coalition
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Outcome
|-
! style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Won
! style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Contested
|-
|[[2014 Indian general election in Bihar|2014]]
|{{Composition bar|3|40|hex=#999966}}
|3
|''New''
|3.05%
|''New''
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|{{Yes|Government}}
|-
|[[2019 Indian general election in Bihar|2019]]
|{{Composition bar|0|40|hex=#999966}}
|5
|{{Decrease}}3
|3.66%
|{{Increase}}0.61%
|[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|{{No|Opposition}}
|}

=== Vidhan Sabha ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Year
! colspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Seats
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |±
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Voteshare (%)
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |± (%)
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Coalition
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Outcome
|-
!style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Won
!style="background-color:#999966; color:white" |Contested
|-
|[[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2015]]
|{{Composition bar|2|243|{{party color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}}}
|23
|''New''
|2.56%
|''New''
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|{{No|Opposition}}
|-
|[[2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2020]]
|{{Composition bar|0|243|{{party color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}}}
|99
|{{Decrease}}2
|1.77%
|{{Decrease}}0.79%
|[[Grand Democratic Secular Front|GDSF]]
|{{No|Opposition}}
|}

==See also==
* [[Samata Party]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=SAMATA PARTY – Official Website |url=https://samataparty.org/ |access-date=2022-04-25 |language=en-US |archive-date=15 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215101928/https://samataparty.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[List of political parties in India]]

== References ==
'''Notes'''
{{Notelist}}
'''Citations'''
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://rlsp.in/ Official Website 1]
*[https://ralospa.in/ Official Website 2]

{{Janata Parivar parties}}

[[Category:Political parties in Bihar]]
[[Category:Socialist parties in India]]
[[Category:Samata Party| ]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 2013]]
[[Category:Politics of Bihar]]
[[Category:Janata Parivar]]
[[Category:2013 establishments in Bihar]]
[[Category:Rashtriya Lok Samata Party]]
[[Category:Political parties disestablished in 2021]]
[[Category:2021 disestablishments in India]]

Baidyanath Ram

2026-01-16T14:58:26Z

PrakashBar: expanded content

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}
'''Baidyanath Ram''' is an Indian politician and he was member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]. Ram was a member of the [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]] from the [[Latehar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Latehar constituency]] in [[Latehar district]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Ex-ministers-affair-spells-trouble-for-Jharkhand-BJP/articleshow/19774893.cms | title=Ex-minister's affair spells trouble for Jharkhand BJP | date=29 April 2013 | newspaper=The Times of India | first=Jaideep | last=Deogharia | accessdate=23 June 2019 }}</ref><ref>[http://myneta.info/jarka09/candidate.php?candidate_id=1036 My Neta]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170218225407/https://www.telegraphindia.com/1120203/jsp/jharkhand/story_15085713.jsp#.WKfYrvl97IU Ram stumped by BJP worker’s request at janata durbar, rebukes teacher for seeking transfer]</ref> On 10 November 2019, he joined Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Party due to his name removed by BJP for 2019 Jharkhand Vidhan Sabha Election Candidate.

== Electoral performance ==
{{trim|{{#section-h:Latehar Assembly constituency|Assembly Election 2024}}}}
{{trim|{{#section-h:Latehar Assembly constituency|Assembly Election 2019}}}}
{{trim|{{#section-h:Latehar Assembly constituency|Assembly Election 2009}}}}
{{trim|{{#section-h:Latehar Assembly constituency|Assembly Election 2005}}}}
{{trim|{{#section-h:Latehar Assembly constituency|Assembly Election 2000}}}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ram, Baidyanath}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Latehar district]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Jharkhand MLAs 2009–2014]]
[[Category:Jharkhand MLAs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:Jharkhand Mukti Morcha politicians]]

{{Jharkhand-BJP-politician-stub}}

Gadhali

2026-01-09T19:30:54Z

PrakashBar: small edit

{{More citations needed|date=January 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2017}}
{{princely states topics}}

'''Gadhali''' is a village and former non-salute [[princely state]] on Saurashtra peninsula in Gujarat, [[Western India]].

==Village==
The modern village is in [[Gadhda Taluka]], in Gadhada Vidhan Sabha constituency, in [[Botad district]].

==History==
The minor princely state, in Gohilwad ''prant'', was ruled by [[Gahlot|Gohil]] [[Rajput]] Chieftains.

In 1901 it comprised three villages, with a population of 1,537, yielding 10,000 Rupees state revenue (1903–4, mostly from land), paying 2000 Rupees tribute, to the Gaikwar [[Baroda State]] and [[Junagadh State]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V15_171.gif |title=Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 15, page 165 – Imperial Gazetteer of India – Digital South Asia Library |website=Dsal.uchicago.edu |date=2013-02-18 |access-date=2017-01-18}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Sources and external links ==
* [https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V15_171.gif Imperial Gazetteer, on DSAL.UChicago.edu - Kathiawar]

{{Princely states of the Western India States Agency}}

[[Category:Princely states of Gujarat]]

{{Gujarat-PrincelyState-stub}}

Space Gen – Chandrayaan

2026-01-08T05:09:34Z

PrakashBar: Redirect article

#REDIRECT[[The Viral Fever#Space Gen – Chandrayaan]]

Ambujammal

2025-12-31T07:50:46Z

PrakashBar:

{{short description|Indian linguist}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more citations needed|date=August 2020}}
{{More footnotes needed|date=August 2020}}
}}{{Infobox officeholder
| office = Vice-President of the [[Tamil Nadu Congress Committee]]
| president = [[K. Rajaram Naidu]] (1957-60) [[O. V. Alagesan]] (1960-62)
| predecessor = ????
| successor = ????
| term_start = 1957
| term_end = 1962
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1899|01|08}}
| birth_place = [[Madras]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]] (now [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India)
| death_date = 1981 or 6 October 1983 (aged 82 or 84)
| occupation = [[Indian freedom fighter]], social worker
| party = [[Indian National Congress]] [[Image:Flag of Indian National Congress.png|18px]]
└─ [[Tamil Nadu Congress Committee]]
| spouse = S. Desikachari
| native_name_lang = ta
| native_name = அம்புஜத்தம்மாள்
| parents = Ranganayaki (mother) [[S. Srinivasa Iyengar]] (father)
| relations = [[V. Bhashyam Aiyangar]] (maternal grandfather)
}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}

'''Ambujammal Desikachari''' née '''Srinivasa Iyengar''' (8 January 1899-1983) was an [[Indian independence activist]] and [[Women in India|women's rights activist]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.womeninpeace.org/a-names/2017/4/19/srinivasa-ambujammal|title = Srinivasa Ambujammal| date=8 March 2017 }}</ref> A Gandhian, she participated in the [[Civil Disobedience Movement]] and served as vice-president of the [[Tamil Nadu Congress Committee]]. Ambujammal was awarded the [[Padma Shri]] in 1964.

== Early life and education ==
{{No footnotes|section|date=August 2020}}
Ambujammal was born on 8 January 1899 to [[S. Srinivasa Iyengar]] and his wife Ranganayaki. Srinivasa Iyengar was one of the foremost leaders of the [[Indian National Congress]] in the [[Madras Presidency]] and had served as the President of the [[Swaraj Party]]. Ambujammal's maternal grandfather was [[Sir V. Bhashyam Aiyangar]], the first native Indian to be appointed the [[Advocate-General of Madras]]. Ambujammal married S. Desikachari, an advocate from [[Kumbakonam]], in 1910.

Early on in her life, she was fascinated by [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s ideas, especially his constructive socio-economic program. This interest was fanned by her contact with [[R. S. Subbalakshmi|Sister Subbalakshmi]], [[Muthulakshmi Reddy|Dr. Muthulakshmi Reddy]], and [[Margaret Cousins]]. Ambujammal qualified as a teacher and taught at Sarada Vidyalaya girls school part-time. She was a committee member of Sarada Ladies' Union from 1929 to 1936. She worked very closely with Sister Subbalakshmi. In 1929, she was nominated Treasurer of the Women's Swadeshi League, Madras. This League was a non-political wing of the Congress, implementing Gandhi's social and economic programs.

== Career and political activism ==
{{No footnotes|section|date=August 2020}}
Her entry into political life was in 1930, during the civil disobedience movement. She joined with several women who donated their jewelry to support the national movement – on Gandhi's request. She was a strong proponent of Swadeshi, and embraced ''[[Khadi]]''. She joined the [[Salt March|Salt Satyagraha]], and courted arrest. In 1932, she was hailed as the "Third Dictator" of the Congress, and led the Satyagrahis to boycott foreign cloth.

A thorough Congresswoman, she was part of the Managing Committee of the [[Dakshina Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha]] from 1934 to 1938. She did a lot of propaganda work for Hindi. As part of her activities with the Hindi Prachar Sabha, she attended the All-India Congress Session in Bombay in 1934. She stayed at Wardha Ashram with Gandhi from November 1934 till January 1935. As part of the role as Secretary of the Mylapore Ladies Club (a post she held from 1936), she conducted Hindi classes.

She was a significant part of the Women's India Association (WIA), taking the post of Secretary from 1939 to 1942 and that of Treasurer from 1939 to 1947. With the WIA, the issues she worked were abolition of [[Child marriage in India|child marriage]], [[Polygyny in India|polygamy]], and the [[Devadasi|Devadasi system]]; and bringing about legislation to protect the rights of women and their property rights. On behalf of the WIA, she was nominated to the [[Greater Chennai Corporation|Madras Corporation]]. In 1947, during the All-India Women's Conference in Madras, she was nominated as the chairperson of the reception committee. A dedicated social worker, she was the President and Treasurer of the Srinivasa Gandhi Nilayam from 1948, an institute she founded. It provided free coaching to poor girls, had a free dispensary, and also provided training and employment to women in its printing press. An associate of [[Vinoba Bhave]], Ambujammal toured Madras Province with him to publicize the [[Bhoodan movement]] in 1956. She was not in favour of too much industrialization; she believed in the Village Self-Sufficiency model – as advocated by Bhave. She was the vice-president of the [[Tamil Nadu Congress Committee]] from 1957 to 1962, and the chairman of the State Social Welfare Board from 1957 to 1964.

== Contribution ==
{{More citations needed section|date=August 2020}}
Ambujammal actively participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement and boycotted foreign goods and clothes — she was even imprisoned twice for six months in 1932. She dedicated her life to the cause of India's freedom and inspired several women to do the same. Women's welfare was at the top of her agenda. She set up the Srinivasa Gandhi Nilayam in 1948 at [[Teynampet]] where free milk, medicines and kanji (gruel) were given to the needy. Ambujammal was known for her simplicity. Akkamma, as she was lovingly called, dressed in khadi and wore nothing but a strand of beads around her neck.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-08-14 |title=Women of steel |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/women-of-steel/article5022187.ece |access-date=2024-09-11 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

Alongside that, she also helped especially in supporting the Mahila Ashram, a school for women that helped to teach Self-Respect through education. She helped support the cause alongside Gandhi (whose ideas were being taught there) by donating much of her jewelry.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jamnalalbajajfoundation.org/wardha/mahila-ashram|title = Mahila Ashram - Wardha | Mahila Seva Mandal}}</ref>

She was a scholar in Hindi and Tamil. She has written three books about Gandhi in Tamil. In 1964, she won the [[Padma Shri]] award.

== In popular culture ==
Ambujammal is the real-life inspiration for the character of Komalammal—an [[ashram]] operator and daughter of the [[Gandhians|Gandhian]] Sadagopa Iyengar—in [[Ashokamitran]]'s novel ''Manasarovar'' (1989).<ref>{{Cite book |author-link=[[Ashokamitran]] |title=மானசரோவர் |publisher=Kizhakku Pathippagam |date=March 2006 |isbn=81-8368-107-7 |edition=3rd |location=Chennai |pages=161-162 |language=ta |trans-title=Manasarovar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Acōkamittiran̲ |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Manasarovar/OpzfJbzMKa4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Manasarovar%22+%22Ashokamitran%22&pg=136 |title=Manasarovar |date=2010 |publisher=Penguin Books India |isbn=978-0-14-306746-7 |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Social Work}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ambujammal, Srinivasa}}
[[Category:1899 births]]
[[Category:Year of death missing]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in social work]]
[[Category:Indian women's rights activists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian educational theorists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Indian women activists]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Politicians from Chennai]]
[[Category:Women writers from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Educators from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Women educators from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Scholars from Chennai]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women educational theorists]]
[[Category:Civil disobedience in India]]

Beder Meye Jyotsna (TV series)

2025-12-29T22:43:30Z

PrakashBar: cleanup content additionally and corrected details

{{short description|Bengali language Television series}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Beder Meye Jyotsna Series.png
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| caption = Promotional Poster
| alt_name =
| genre = [[Drama]] [[Fantasy]]
| creator = [[Surinder Films]]
| based_on =
| developer =
| writer = Anandarupa Das Shouvik Mitra
| director = Suman Roy
| creative_director =
| presenter =
| starring = Ravi Shaw Sneha Das
| narrated =
| theme_music_composer =
| voices =
| opentheme =
| endtheme =
| composer = Debjit Roy
| country = India
| language = Bengali
| list_episodes =
| executive_producer =
| producer = Surinder Singh [[Nispal Singh]]
| editor =
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| cinematography = Paritosh Singh
| camera = [[Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 22 minutes
| company = [[Surinder Films]]
| network = [[Sun Bangla]]
| num_seasons =
| num_episodes = 629
| first_aired = {{Start date|2019|2|3|df=yes}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2021|1|17|df=yes}}
| related =
}}

'''''Beder Meye Jyotsna'''''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ebela.in/entertainment/beder-meye-jyotsna-will-reborn-in-small-screen-dgtl-1.941034|title=Beder Meye Jyotsna will reborn in small screen|website=EBELA.IN|date=28 January 2019}}</ref> is a [[Bengali language|Bengali]] television [[soap opera]] that premiered on 3 February 2019 to 17 January 2021. It is produced by [[Surinder Films]] and stars Ravi Shaw<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/actor-ravi-shaw-is-excited-about-his-next-project/articleshow/67721033.cms|title=Actor Ravi Shaw is excited about his next project|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=28 January 2019}}</ref> and Sneha Das.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/beder-meye-jyotsna-actress-sneha-das-turns-a-year-older/articleshow/76299746.cms|title='Beder Meye Jyotsna' actress Sneha das turns a year older - Times of India |website=[[The Times of India]] }}</ref>

==Cast==
===Main===
*Sneha Das / Mousumi Debnath / [[Anindita Raychaudhury]] as Jyotsna (dead)
*[[Ravi Shaw]] / [[Biplab Banerjee]] as Rajkumar Kanchan husband of Jyosna (dead)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://radiobanglanet.com/bengali-tv-serial-biggest-hit-banga-cinema-ravi-shaw/|title=সিরিয়ালরূপে আসছে মেগাহিট বাংলা ছবি, চিরঞ্জিতের অভিনীত চরিত্রে রবি শ|date=28 January 2019 }}</ref>
*[[Shreema Bhattacherjee]] as Rohini Jyotsna and Kanchan's Daughter
* Arkajyoti Paul Chaudhury as Agni aka Joddha Rohini's husband

===Recurring===
*Monalisa Paul as Kamini (dead) <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://eisamay.indiatimes.com/entertainment/cinema/cinderella-the-favorite-character-of-joesna/articleshow/68600912.cms|title=জ্যোৎস্নার প্রিয় চরিত্র সিনডেরেলা|date=2019-03-28|website=Eisamay|language=bn|access-date=2019-03-28}}</ref>
*Arindya Banerjee as Somesshor Jyotsna and Kanchan's friend and Tara's husband
*Prriyam Chakraborty as Tara Somesshor's wife, Jyotsna's friend
*Chaitali Chakraborty as Rakkhosi Thandi (dead)
*Payel Piya Das as Mohini
*Sayanta Modak as Bikram
*[[Chandrayee Ghosh]] as Kalnagini Bikram's Mother and Agni's Step Mother (dead) <ref>{{cite news |title=Chandreyee Ghosh enters the show Beder Meye Jyotsna as Kalnagini - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/chandreyee-ghosh-enters-the-show-beder-meye-jyotsna-as-kalnagini/articleshow/74010133.cms |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
*Juiee Sarkar as Rani Rukmini (dead)
*Priyam as King (dead)
*Rupam Singha as Bodhaditto (dead)
*[[Jasmine Roy]] as Poddini (dead)
*Sayan Banerjee as Ranojoy (dead)
*Swarnava Rith Sanyal as Young Rajkumar Kanchan
*[[Sudipta Banerjee]] as Vishkanya Bishakha (dead)
*[[Idhika Paul]] as Lakkhi (dead)
*[[Anamika Chakraborty]] as Queen of bird (Bangomi)
*[[Sreelekha Mitra]] as Yogini (dead)
*[[Rittika Sen]] as Queen of fairy (Sadapori)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.mxplayer.in/show/watch-beder-meye-jyotsna-series-online-700eff407c7a033981ff6164abaf9f9d Beder Meye Jyotsna] at [[MX Player]]

[[Category:Bengali-language television programming in India]]
[[Category:Sun Bangla original programming]]
[[Category:2019 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:2021 Indian television series endings]]
[[Category:Television productions suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic]]

Sarasvathi Nagara metro station

2025-12-09T19:58:57Z

PrakashBar: Article

{{Short description|Upcoming Namma Metro station under Blue Line}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox station
| name = Sarasvathi Nagar
| type = {{Namma Metro Infobox station line|line=Blue}}
| style = Namma Metro
| image = Sarasvathi Nagar metro station (Mar '25).jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption = Under Construction of this metro station as of March 2025 under Phase 2A of [[Blue Line (Namma Metro)|Blue Line]] of [[Namma Metro]]
| address = NH 44, Badavala Nagar, B Narayanapura, Mahadevapura, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560016
| coordinates = {{coord|12.99375|77.68559|display=inline,title}}
| line = {{rcb|Namma Metro|Blue|croute}}
| other =
| structure = [[Elevated]], [[Double track]]
| platform = [[Side platform]] ''(TBC)'' 
Platform-1 → {{stl|Namma Metro|Central Silk Board}} Platform-2 → {{stl|Namma Metro|Krishnarajapura}} / {{stl|Namma Metro|KIAL Terminals}} ''Platform Numbers (TBC)''
| operator = [[Namma Metro]]
| depth =
| levels = 2 '''''(TBC)'''''
| tracks = 2 '''''(TBC)'''''
| connections =
| parking = '''''(TBC)'''''
| bicycle =
| baggage_check =
| opened =
| opening = {{start date and age|December 2026|df=yes}} '''''(TBC)'''''
| closed =
| rebuilt =
| electrified = '''''(TBC)'''''
| accessible = '''''(TBC)'''''
| status = Under Construction
| code = SNS '''''(TBC)'''''
| owned = [[Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Ltd]] (BMRCL)
| architect = Shankaranarayana Constructions (SNC)
| architectural_style =
| wifi =
| zone =
| smartcardname =
| smartcardstatus =
| former =
| passengers =
| pass_year =
| pass_rank =
| pass_percent =
| pass_system =
| mpassengers =
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Namma Metro|line1=Blue|left1=DRDO Sports Complex|to-left1=Central Silk Board|note-mid1=''(Future Service)''|right1=Krishnarajapura|to-right1=Krishnarajapura or KIAL Terminals}}
| route_map = {{BMR Blue Line}}
| map_state = collapsed
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-marker = rail
| mapframe-marker-color = #{{rail color|Namma Metro|Blue}}
| mapframe-zoom = 14
}}
'''Sarasvathi Nagar''' is an upcoming elevated metro station on the north–south corridor of the [[Blue Line (Namma Metro)|Blue Line]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bengaluru Metro Blue Line: Explore the City Like Never Before! - TimesProperty |url=https://timesproperty.com/news/post/all-about-bengaluru-metro-blue-line-blid5532 |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=timesproperty.com}}</ref> of [[Namma Metro]] in [[Bengaluru]], India. This metro station serves mainly '''Lowry Memorial Educational Institutions''', and also a few automotive companies such as [[Tata Motors]], [[Hyundai Motor India|Hyundai]], [[MG cars|MG (Morris Garages)]], [[Renault]] and [[Honda|Honda Motors]]. This is a prime location for its neighbouring areas like [[Krishnarajapuram|Krishnarajapura]], [[Mahadevapura, Bangalore|Mahadevapura]] and [[Whitefield, Bangalore|Whitefield]]. This metro station is slated to become operational ''December 2026'' instead of ''June 2026''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-08 |title=Bengaluru Big Infra Push: How Karnataka Is Planning to Fast Track Namma Metro's Blue Line Construction |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/bengaluru/bengaluru-namma-metro-blue-line-how-karnataka-is-planning-to-fast-track-namma-metros-blue-line-construction-bengaluru-news-article-153262357 |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=www.timesnownews.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=L&T bags track contracts worth ₹501 crore for Bangalore Metro Phase 2A & 2B {{!}} Metro Rail Today |url=https://metrorailtoday.com/news/lt-bags-track-contracts-worth-501-crore-for-bangalore-metro-phase-2a-2b |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Metro Rail Today: Gateway to Rail & Metro Industry}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-06 |title=Metro line to Bengaluru Airport to be ready by June 2026: D K Shivakumar |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/metro-bengaluru-airport-june-2026-d-k-shivakumar8649143/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-07 |title=Bengaluru Airport Metro Line from KIA to Devanahalli Set for Completion by June 2026 |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/bengaluru/bengaluru-airport-metro-line-from-kia-to-devanahalli-set-for-completion-by-june-2026-article-100827006 |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=TimesNow |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Metro's ORR, Airport line to be ready by Sept 2026, will benefit IT industry hugely: BMRCL |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2023/sep/16/metros-orr-airport-line-to-be-ready-by-sept-2026-will-benefit-it-industry-hugely-bmrcl-2615489.html |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=The New Indian Express|date=16 September 2023 }}</ref>

== History ==
In December 2019, the Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Limited (BMRCL) invited bids for the construction of the Sarasvathi Nagar metro station, part of the 8.377 km Reach 2A – Package 2 (Kodibeesanahalli - Krishnarajapura) of the 18.236 km [[Blue Line (Namma Metro)|Blue Line]] of Namma Metro. On 13 October 2020, Shankaranarayana Constructions '''(SNC)''' was chosen as the lowest bidder for this segment, with their proposal closely matching the initial cost estimates. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-13 |title=Afcons & Shankaranarayana Win Bangalore Metro Phase 2A ORR Work |url=https://themetrorailguy.com/2020/10/13/afcons-shankaranarayana-win-bangalore-metro-phase-2a-orr-work/ |access-date=2024-10-24 |website=The Metro Rail Guy |language=en-US}}</ref> As a result, the contract was awarded to the company, which led to the beginning of the construction works of this metro station as per the agreed terms.

==Station layout==
'''''Station Layout - To Be Confirmed'''''
{{stack|{{Routemap
| title = Sarasvathi Nagar track layout '''''(TBC)'''''
| title-bg = #{{rail color|Namma Metro|Blue}}
| legend = track
| collapsible = no
| map = vCONTgfa
cPLT\vSTR\cPLT ~~ ~~ ~~ to {{stl|Namma Metro|Krishnarajapura}} {{rcb|Namma Metro|Purple|croute}}
*'''P#'''\cPLT\vSTR\cPLT\*'''P#'''
cPLT\vSTR\cPLT ~~ ~~ ~~ to {{BSsplit|[[DRDO Sports Complex metro station|Bagmane Developers -]]|[[DRDO Sports Complex metro station|DRDO Sports Complex]]}} **
vCONTgfe
| bottom = <div style="width:23.5em;text-align:center">Station with two tracks and two side platforms '''** Under Construction'''</div>
}}}}
{|table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;border-top:solid 1px gray;" width=30 valign=top|'''G'''
|style="border-top:solid 1px gray;border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=85 valign=top|Street level
|style="border-top:solid 1px gray;border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=500 valign=top|Exit/Entrance
|-
|valign=top|'''L1'''
|valign=top|Mezzanine
|valign=top|Fare control, station agent, Metro Card vending machines, crossover 
|-
|style="border-top:solid 1px gray;border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=30 rowspan=4 valign=top|'''L2'''
|style="border-top:solid 1px gray;border-right:solid 2px black;border-left:solid 2px black;border-bottom:solid 2px black;text-align:center;" colspan=2|[[Side platform]] | Doors will open on the left {{access icon}}
|-
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=85|'''Platform #''' '''Southbound'''
|style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width=500|Towards → {{stl|Namma Metro|Central Silk Board}} '''Next Station:''' [[DRDO Sports Complex metro station|Bagmane Developers - DRDO Sports Complex]]
|-
|'''Platform #''' '''Northbound'''
|Towards ← {{stl|Namma Metro|Krishnarajapura}} ** '''''Change at the next station for {{rcb|Namma Metro|Purple|croute}}'''''
|-
|style="border-top:solid 2px black;border-right:solid 2px black;border-left:solid 2px black;border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" colspan=2 align=center|[[Side platform]] | Doors will open on the left {{access icon}}
|-
| rowspan="2" style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width="30" valign="top" |'''L2'''
| style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width="85" |'''''Note: '''''
| style="border-bottom:solid 1px gray;" width="500" |''''' ** To be further extended to {{stl|Namma Metro|KIAL Terminals}} in future '''''
|-
|}
==See also==
*[[Bengaluru]]
*[[List of Namma Metro stations]]
*[[Transport in Karnataka]]
*[[List of metro systems]]
*[[Rapid transit in India|List of rapid transit systems in India]]
*[[Bengaluru Metropolitan Transport Corporation]]
{{Portal bar|Bengaluru|Trains|Transport|Engineering}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons|Namma Metro}}
{{wikivoyage|Bengaluru}}
* [https://english.bmrc.co.in Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. (Official site)]
* [http://www.urbanrail.net ''UrbanRail.Net''] – descriptions of all metro systems in the world, each with a schematic map showing all stations.
{{Namma Metro|blue line=yes}}
__FORCETOC__

[[Category:Namma Metro stations]]
[[Category:Proposed railway stations in India]]

Roshanara Begum

2025-11-26T02:23:06Z

PrakashBar:

{{For|the singer|Roshan Ara Begum}}
{{More citations needed|date= March 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Roshanara Begum
| title = [[Shahzadi]] of the [[Mughal Empire]]
| image = Portrait_of_a_mughal_dynasty_princess.jpg
| caption = Portrait of a princess, most likely Princess Roshanara Begum
| succession = [[Padshah Begum]]
| predecessor = [[Jahanara Begum]]
| successor = [[Jahanara Begum]]
| reign = 1658–1668
| reign-type = Tenure
| house = [[Timurid dynasty|Timurid]]
| spouse =
| father = [[Shah Jahan]]
| mother = [[Mumtaz Mahal]]
| birth_date = 3 September 1617
| birth_place = [[Burhanpur]], [[India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1671|9|11|1617|9|3|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Delhi]], [[India]]
| burial_place = [[Roshanara Bagh]], Delhi
| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]
}}

'''Roshanara Begum''' ({{langx|fa|{{nq|روشن آرا بیگم}}|lit=Adorned in Light}}); 3 September 1617 – 11 September 1671)<ref>{{cite book|last=Nath|first=Renuka|title=Notable Mughal and Hindu women in the 16th and 17th centuries A.D.|year=1990|publisher=Inter-India Publ.|isbn=9788121002417|page=145|edition=1. publ. in India}}</ref> was a [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] princess and poet. She was the third daughter of Emperor [[Shah Jahan]] and his wife, [[Mumtaz Mahal]], and supported her younger brother [[Aurangzeb]] during the war of succession which took place after Shah Jahan's illness in 1657. After Aurangzeb's accession to the throne in 1658, Roshanara was given the title of [[Padshah Begum]] by her brother displacing her sister and rival [[Jahanara Begum]]. This made her the de-facto First Lady of the [[Mughal Empire]], and a powerful political figure. However, after the death of [[Shah Jahan]], [[Jahanara Begum|Jahanara]] succeeded in regaining her title of Padshah Begum, by replacing Roshanara. Towards the end of her life, Roshanara was sidelined in Aurangzeb’s court.

Today, however, Roshanara is best known for the [[Roshanara Bagh]],<ref>Dalrymple, William: "City Of Djinns: A Year In Delhi", Page 198, 1993. Harper Collins, London. {{ISBN|0-00-215725-X}}</ref> a [[pleasure garden]] located in present-day north [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi]]. The present-day Roshanara Club which was constructed in the late 19th century by the British is a country club that was actually originally a part of the Roshanara Bagh.

==Family==
Of Roshanara's four brothers, the eldest, [[Dara Shikoh]], was Shah Jahan's favourite son and [[heir apparent]] to the [[Peacock Throne]]. [[Shah Shuja (Mughal prince)|Shah Shuja]], the second son, was the rebellious Governor of Bengal, with open designs on his father's throne. [[Aurangzeb]], the third son, was the nominal Governor of Deccan. [[Murad Baksh|Murad]], the youngest son, was granted the Governorship of Gujarat, at which position he proved so weak and so ineffectual that [[Shah Jahan]] had him stripped of his titles, offering them to Dara Shikoh, instead. This precipitated a family struggle between Shah Jahan and his embittered younger sons, who resolved to depose the aging emperor and seize the throne for themselves. During this power struggle, [[Dara Shikoh]] received the support of his oldest sister, [[Jahanara Begum]], while Roshanara Begum sided with [[Aurangzeb]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lal |first=Ruby |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B8NJ41GiXvsC&dq=Roshanara+Begum&pg=PA44 |title=Domesticity and Power in the Early Mughal World |date=2005-09-22 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-85022-3 |pages=44 |language=en}}</ref>

==Rise to power==
{{Unreferenced section|date=March 2018}}
[[File:Imagined depiction of Roshanara Begum.jpg|thumb|Imagined depiction of Roshanara Begum]]
Roshanara's rise to power began when she successfully foiled a plot by her father and Dara Shikoh to kill Aurangzeb. According to history, Shah Jahan sent a letter of invitation to Aurangzeb to come to Delhi, to peacefully resolve the family crisis. In truth, however, Shah Jahan planned to capture, imprison and kill Aurangzeb, as he viewed his third son as a serious threat to the throne. When Roshanara got wind of her father's plots, she sent a messenger to Aurangzeb, outlining their father's true intentions, and warning Aurangzeb to stay away from Delhi.

Aurangazeb was extremely grateful to Roshanara for her timely warning. When the war of succession was resolved in favor of Aurangzeb, she quickly became a very powerful and effective figure in the court. Fearing that Dara Shikoh would kill her for her role in the war of succession if he ever returned to power, Roshanara insisted that Aurangzeb orders Dara's execution. Legend has it that Dara was bound in chains, paraded around Chandni Chowk, and beheaded. Roshanara then had his bloody head wrapped in a golden turban, packaged neatly and sent to her father as a gift from Aurangzeb and her. Shah Jahan, who opened the package just as he was sitting down to dinner, was so distressed by the sight of his favorite son's head that he fell unconscious to the floor. He remained in a stupor for many days after the incident.

Roshanara's relationship with her older sister, Jahanara, was troubled and tinged by jealousy, as the latter was undisputedly their father's favorite daughter. Roshanara scored a major victory against her sister when Aurangzeb, who had been displeased with Jahanara for supporting their father and brother during the war of succession, removed her (Jahanara) from her position as Padshah Begum and head of the Imperial harem, installing Roshanara, instead. From then on, Roshanara was regarded as the most powerful and superior woman in the empire. She was also granted the right to issue ''nishans''. This exceptional privilege was allowed only to those who held a high rank in the imperial harem. She was appointed as a Mansabdar, a high-ranking position in the Emperor's army that was used to enforce his rule and maintain his authority, especially during his absence.

Eventually, Roshanara and Aurangzeb fell out with each other. Roshanara was rumored to have taken on lovers, which was not viewed well by Aurangzeb. Additionally, she ruled Aurangzeb's palace with an iron hand and with such flexibility and with the same will that she used in the war of succession and earned the hatred of all the wives of her brother. She also advised him on matters of state and accompanied him to important meetings and on several occasions spoke from behind her curtained sitting place. She even patronized the building of the [[Jama Masjid]].

In 1662, during Aurangzeb's sudden and severe illness, Roshanara Begum took charge of him and would not allow anyone except her confidants, to see him. Believing that there was no hope of her brother's survival, Roshanara took charge of the state. She even stole Aurangzeb's [[signet ring]] and forged a decree to deny his eldest son by his wife [[Nawab Bai]] any chance of succession. When Nawab Bai learned of this and complained, Roshanara became angry, seized her by the hair, and dragged her out of Aurangzeb's chamber. After Aurangzeb's recovery, she claimed that wanted to prevent conspiracies and wars of succession so that chaos would not arise during his illness. She also had a love for gold and land, and accumulated wealth on a large scale, often by corrupt methods. This resulted in numerous complaints against her, none of which were brought to justice due to her position in the court. In addition, she blatantly misused the sweeping powers and privileges that Aurangzeb had granted her just before leaving for his long military campaign in the Deccan, to further her financial ends.

Finally, in 1667/8, the period of Roshanara as the [[de facto]] ''co-ruler'' of the empire ended. Her enemies soon brought these acts of financial and moral turpitude to Aurangzeb's notice. Himself a very strict Muslim, Aurangzeb frowned on Roshanara's libertine lifestyle and her greedy nature. On his return to Delhi, he stripped Roshanara of her powers, banished her from his court, and ordered her to remain in seclusion and live a pious life in her garden palace, outside of Delhi.

==Death==
{{Unreferenced section|date=March 2018}}
[[File:Tomb of Roshanara Begum, north Delhi.jpg|thumb|Tomb of Roshanara Begum, [[Delhi]] ]]
[[File:Roshanara's Tomb.jpg|thumb|Tomb of Roshanara in her ''baradhari'' in Phulbangash, north Delhi]]
Even when Aurangzeb’s rule was established, Roshanara was afraid of the comeuppance of her actions, and thus asked Aurangzeb to build a palace for her away from the walled city. She decided to stay away from politics, which was getting dangerous and uncertain. Roshanara chose to spend an esoteric life in her palace in Delhi, surrounded by a thick forest. She never married and lived in her palace till the end of her life.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The city of djinns|author-link=William Dalrymple (historian)|last=Dalrymple|first=William|publisher=Harper Perennial|year=2005|isbn=978-0-00-637595-1|location=London|pages=240}}</ref> Her palace in the middle of the Roshanara garden is a reminder of the crucial role she played in the history of India. She died at the age of 54. Aurangzeb had her interred in the [[Roshanara Bagh]], a garden that she had designed and commissioned herself.

==Ancestry==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|1= 1. '''Roshanara Begum'''
|2= 2. [[Shah Jahan|Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Shah Jahan I, Mughal Emperor]]<ref name="Kobita">{{cite book |first=Kobita |last=Sarker |title=Shah Jahan and his paradise on earth: the story of Shah Jahan's creations in Agra and Shahjahanabad in the golden days of the Mughals |year=2007 |page=187}}</ref>
|3= 3. [[Mumtaz Mahal]]<ref name="Kobita"/>
|4= 4. [[Jahangir|Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir, Mughal Emperor]]<ref>{{cite book |first=J.l. |last=Mehta |title=Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India |year=1986 |page=418}}</ref>
|5= 5. [[Jagat Gosain]]<ref>{{harvtxt|Mehta|1986|p=418}}</ref>
|6= 6. [[Abu'l-Hasan Asaf Khan]]<ref name="Thackeray">{{cite book |first1=Frank W. |last1=Thackeray |first2=John E. |last2=Findling |title=Events That Formed the Modern World |year=2012 |page=254}}</ref>
|7= 7. Diwanji Begum<ref name="Thackeray"/>
|8= 8. [[Akbar|Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar, Mughal Emperor]]<ref>{{harvtxt|Mehta|1986|p=374}}</ref>
|9= 9. [[Mariam-uz-Zamani]]<ref>{{harvtxt|Mehta|1986|p=374}}</ref>
|10= 10. [[Udai Singh of Marwar|Udai Singh]], Raja of [[Jodhpur State|Marwar]]<ref name="Mukerjee">{{cite book |first=Soma |last=Mukherjee |title=Royal Mughal Ladies and Their Contributions |publisher=Gyan Books |year=2001 |page=128 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v-2TyjzZhZEC |isbn=978-8-121-20760-7 }}</ref>
|11=11. Manrang Devi of [[Gwalior]]<ref name="Mukerjee"/>
|12= 12. [[Mirza Ghiyas Beg|I'timad-ud-Daulah]]<ref>Subhash Parihar, ''Some Aspects of Indo-Islamic Architecture'' (1999), p. 149</ref>
|13= 13. [[Asmat Begam]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Shujauddin|first1=Mohammad|last2=Shujauddin|first2=Razia|title=The Life and Times of Noor Jahan|date=1967|publisher=Caravan Book House|page=1|language=en}}</ref>
|14=14. Ghias ud-din ‘Ali Asaf Khan<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ahmad|first1=Moin-ud-din|title=The Taj and Its Environments: With 8 Illus. from Photos., 1 Map, and 4 Plans|date=1924|publisher=R. G. Bansal|page=101|language=en}}</ref>
|15= }}

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Front and left side view of tomb of Roshanara Begum.jpg|Front and left side view of tomb of Roshanara Begum
File:Interior decoration on the tomb of Roshanara Begum, the second daughter of the Mughal Emperor, Shah Jahan, north Delhi.jpg|Interior decoration
File:A view of tomb of Roshanara Begum, the second daughter of the Mughal Emperor, Shah Jahan, north Delhi.jpg|A view of tomb of Roshanara Begum
File:A view of Roshanara Garden through tomb of Roshanara Begum.jpg|A view of Roshanara Garden through tomb of Roshanara Begum
</gallery>

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*Dalrymple, William: "City of Djinns: A Year in Delhi". 1993, Harper Collins, London. {{ISBN|0-00-215725-X}}.
*Eraly, Abraham: "The Mughal Throne". 1997. Penguin Books, India.

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Mughal princesses]]
[[Category:People from Agra]]
[[Category:1617 births]]
[[Category:1671 deaths]]
[[Category:Poets from the Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:People from Burhanpur]]
[[Category:Indian women poets]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian women writers]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Indian people of Iranian descent]]
[[Category:Daughters of emperors]]

Khurmabad railway station

2025-11-05T09:06:00Z

PrakashBar: adding some stub v1

{{Short description|Railway station in Bihar}}
{{Infobox station
| name = Khurmabad
| type = [[Indian Railways]] station
| style = Indian Railways
| image =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| address = Khurmabad, [[Rohtas district]], [[Bihar]]
| country = India
| coordinates = {{Coord|25.0214|N|83.8483|E|type:railwaystation_region:IN|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| elevation = {{convert|90|m|ft}}
| line = [[Gaya–Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction section]]
| other =
| structure = Standard on ground
| platform = 2
| tracks = 3
| entrances =
| parking = No
| bicycle = No
| opened = 1906
| closed =
| rebuilt =
| electrified = 1961–63
| accessible =
| code = {{Indian railway code
| code = KVD
| zone =
| division = {{rwd|Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya}}
}}
| owned = [[Indian Railways]]
| operator = [[East Central Railway zone|East Central Railway]]
| status = Functioning
| former =
| passengers =
| pass_year =
| pass_percent =
| pass_system =
| map_type = India Bihar
| map_dot_label = Khurmabad railway station
| map_size = 300
| map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Indian Railways|line=East Central Railway zone|left=Shiu Sagar Road|right=Kudra|type=Mughalsarai–Dhanbad section}}
}}
'''Khurmabad railway station''' is a railway station situated on the [[Gaya–Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction section]] under [[East Central Railway zone]]. It is located at Khurmabad in [[Rohtas district]] in the Indian state of [[Bihar]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Khurmabad Railway Station Map/Atlas ECR/East Central Zone - Railway Enquiry |url=https://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/khurmabad-kvd/8489 |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=indiarailinfo.com}}</ref>

==History==
The [[East Indian Railway Company]] started connecting Delhi and Howrah from the mid nineteenth century. In 1862, the railway tracks crossed Mughalsarai and reached the western bank of the [[Yamuna]]. The through link to Delhi was established in 1866.<ref>{{Cite web |title=[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ - IR History - Early Days |url=https://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-hist.html |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=www.irfca.org}}</ref>

==Electrification==
The Mughalsarai–Howrah sector was electrified in 1961–63.<ref>{{Cite web |title=[IRFCA] Electrification History from CORE |url=https://www.irfca.org/docs/electrification-history.html |access-date=2025-11-05 |website=www.irfca.org}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Railway stations in Bihar}}

[[Category:Railway stations in Rohtas district]]
[[Category:Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya railway division]]

Tanusree Shankar

2025-10-04T05:15:56Z

PrakashBar: General improvements to article content

{{short description|Indian dancer and choreographer (born 1956)}}
{{BLP sources|date=September 2020}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Tanusree Shankar
| caption = Tanusree Shankar at Rashtrapati Bhavan during investiture ceremony
| image = Sangeet Natak Akademi Awardee.Tanushree Shankar, Dance, at the investiture ceremony, at Rashtrapati Bhavan (cropped).jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = bn
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1956|03|16}}
| birth_place =
| yearsactive =
| occupation = dancer and choreographer
| parents =
| spouse(s) = [[Ananda Shankar]]
| children =
| height =
| death_date =
| birth_name =
}}

'''Tanusree Shankar''' (born 16 March 1956)<ref name="Tanushree Shankar">{{cite web |title=Tanushree Shankar |url=https://sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/citation_popup.php?id=866&at=2 |website=sangeetnatak.gov.in |access-date=5 March 2021}}</ref> is an Indian dancer and choreographer. She is based in [[Kolkata, India]]. She was a leading dancer of the [[Ananda Shankar Centre for Performing Arts]] in the 1970s and 1980s. She also acted in various films, such as [[The Namesake (film)|The Namesake]].

Tanusree Shankar now leads the [[Tanushree Shankar Dance Company|Tanusree Shankar Dance Company]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/tanusree-shankar-dances-down-memory-lane/cid/388762|title=TANUSREE SHANKAR DANCES DOWN MEMORY LANE|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref> She has evolved her own modern idiom by combining traditional [[Indian dance]] with modern Western ballet expressions. She has been inspired as much by her lineage as by the folk and regional dance forms of India. She has drawn extensively from rich local Indian traditions such as the "[[Thang-ta]]" ([[Manipuri dance|Manipuri]] [[Sword dance]]).

She travels with her troupe extensively around the world. Her last notable productions include ''Uttaran'' (Upliftment of the soul) and ''Chirantan'' (The eternal), which is based on [[Rabindranath Tagore]]'s music.

==Family==
Tanusree Shankar was born in [[Kolkata]]. Her father was a doctor in the [[Indian Army]].<ref>{{cite web |title=TANUSREE SHANKAR DANCES DOWN MEMORY LANE |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/tanusree-shankar-dances-down-memory-lane/cid/388762 |website=telegraphindia.com |access-date=5 March 2021}}</ref> Her husband, the late [[Ananda Shankar]], was a music [[composer]] who experimented with [[fusion music]]. He was the son of dancer Pandit [[Uday Shankar]] and Amala Shankar, and nephew of the [[sitar]] maestro [[Ravi Shankar]]. She has a daughter named [[Sreenanda Shankar]].
==Awards==
* [[Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]], 2011 <ref>{{cite web |title=Akademi awards for 47 personalities |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/284305/akademi-awards-47-personalities.html |website=deccanherald.com |access-date=5 March 2021}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.anandashankar.com/tsdc/tanusree.htm Tanusree Shankar Dance Company]
*[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/21/AR2007092102134.html?hpid=sec-artsliving Sarah Kaufman, An Indian Oasis Amid Modernity, ''Washington Post'', published Saturday, 22 September 2007, p C05] accessed 23 September 2007

{{Shankar family}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shankar, Tanusree}}
[[Category:1956 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]]
[[Category:Indian women choreographers]]
[[Category:Indian choreographers]]
[[Category:Indian female martial artists]]
[[Category:Indian female dancers]]
[[Category:Artists from Kolkata]]
[[Category:Indian contemporary dancers]]
[[Category:Dancers from West Bengal]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dancers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women artists]]
[[Category:Women artists from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Shankar family|Tanusree]]

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