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India men's national basketball team

2023-10-05T03:35:48Z

Politburo: Move 1 url.

{{Short description|none}} 
{{About|the men's team|the women's team|India women's national basketball team}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox national basketball team
| country = India
| national_fed = [[Basketball Federation of India]]
| fiba_zone = FIBA Asia
| joined_fiba = 1936
| coach = [[Veselin Matić]]
| nickname = Young Cagers<ref>[http://indiabasketball.org/blog/?page_id=2 BFI - About Us] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413143441/http://indiabasketball.org/blog/?page_id=2 |date=13 April 2014 }}, Basketball Federation of India - Coaches Corner, accessed 4 April 2013</ref>
| logo = Indian Basketball.png
| logo_width = 200px
| fiba_ranking = {{FIBA World Rankings|IND}}
| oly_appearances = 1
| oly_medals = None
| zone_championship = [[FIBA Asia Cup]]
| zone_appearances = 26
| zone_medals = None
| zone_championship2 = [[SABA Championship]]
| zone_appearances2 = 6
| zone_medals2 = [[Image:Gold medal with cup.svg|16px]] ''Gold'' : ([[SABA Championship#Summary|2002]], [[2014 SABA Championship|2014]], [[2015 SABA Championship|2015]], [[2016 SABA Championship|2016]], [[2017 SABA Championship|2017]], [[2021 SABA Championship|2021]])
| zone_championship3 = [[Basketball at the South Asian Games|South Asian Games]]
| zone_appearances3 = 5
| zone_medals3 = [[Image:Gold medal with cup.svg|16px]] ''Gold'' : ([[1987 South Asian Games|1987]], [[1991 South Asian Games|1991]], [[1995 South Asian Games|1995]], [[2019 South Asian Games|2019]]) 
[[Image:Silver medal with cup.svg|16px]] ''Silver'': ([[2010 South Asian Games|2010]])
| h_pattern_b = _orangesides|h_body=ffffff|h_shorts=ffffff|h_pattern_s=_orangesides
| a_pattern_b = _orangesides|a_body=0038F8|a_shorts=0038F8|a_pattern_s=_orangesides
| medaltemplates = {{MedalCount
|[[SABA Championship]]|6|0|0
|[[Basketball at the South Asian Games|South Asian Games]]|4|1|0
|[[Basketball at the Lusofonia Games|Lusofonia Games]]|1|0|0
|'''Total'''|'''11'''|'''1'''|'''0'''
}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Basketball at the Lusofonia Games|Lusofonia Games]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[Basketball at the 2014 Lusofonia Games|2014 Goa]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[SABA Championship]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[SABA Championship#Summary|2002 India]]|}}
{{MedalGold|[[2014 SABA Championship|2014 Nepal]]|}}
{{MedalGold|[[2015 SABA Championship|2015 India]]|}}
{{MedalGold|[[2016 SABA Championship|2016 India]]|}}
{{MedalGold|[[2017 SABA Championship|2017 Maldives]]|}}
{{MedalGold|[[2021 SABA Championship|2021 Bangladesh]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Basketball at the South Asian Games|South Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[1987 South Asian Games|1987 Calcutta]]|}}
{{MedalGold|[[1991 South Asian Games|1991 Colombo]]|}}
{{MedalGold|[[1995 South Asian Games|1995 Madras]]|}}
{{MedalGold|[[2019 South Asian Games|2019 Kathmandu]]|}}
{{MedalSilver|[[2010 South Asian Games|2010 Dhaka]]|}}
}}

The '''India men's national basketball team''' represents [[India]] in international men's [[basketball]]. It is controlled by [[Basketball Federation of India]].<ref name="fiba.com">[https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/nfProf.asp?nationalFederationNumber=301 ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213204636/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fc/FIBA/fibaStru/nfLeag/nfProf.asp?nationalFederationNumber=301 |date=13 February 2012 }} FIBA.com – National Federations & Leagues</ref>
The team made significant improvements as the sports of basketball is becoming more popular.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://crosarka-basketball.com/latest-nba-news-on-trades/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511234206/https://crosarka-basketball.com/latest-nba-news-on-trades/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 May 2021 |title=Basketball becoming popular|access-date= 10 May 2021}}</ref>

A 1936 founding member of [[FIBA Asia]],<ref>Jai Prakash, [https://cricket.yahoo.com/news/indian-basketball-team-feature-dubai-075600326.html "Indian basketball team to feature in Dubai tournament"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208080444/https://cricket.yahoo.com/news/indian-basketball-team-feature-dubai-075600326.html |date=8 December 2015 }}, Yahoo Cricket India, 3 June 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2015.</ref> India has one of Asia's longest basketball traditions. Throughout its history, Team India qualified for the [[FIBA Asia Championship]] 26 times and is placed in the top five in appearances in this tournament. Further, India's basketball team won four gold medals and one silver medal at the [[Basketball at the South Asian Games|South Asian Games]] and became the most successful team in South Asian region. India have also won the [[SABA Championship]] six times.<ref>[http://www.gz2010.cn/10/0104/13/5S6HG3UF007801VF.html Pakistan basketball team named for 11th South Asian Games] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323155759/http://www.gz2010.cn/10/0104/13/5S6HG3UF007801VF.html |date=23 March 2018 }}, gz2010.cn, accessed 25 March 2012.</ref> Team India celebrated its victory at the [[Basketball at the 2014 Lusophony Games – Men's tournament|2014 Lusofonia Games]] after they finished the tournament with a 4–0 record as they beat 11–time African Champions [[Angola national basketball team|Angola]] in the final.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ekalavyas.com/2014/01/27/live-india-vs-angola-men-gold-medal-match/ |title=Lusofonia Games '14: Indian men win historic gold; Women settle for bronze - Ekalavyas | Ekalavyas |access-date=3 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406031319/http://ekalavyas.com/2014/01/27/live-india-vs-angola-men-gold-medal-match/ |archive-date=6 April 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Its most famous moment came at the [[2014 FIBA Asia Cup]] with the win against home favorites and most successful Asian team [[China men's national basketball team|China]] by seven points.<ref name="fiba.com"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fibalivestats.com/matches/4142/12/10/59/50lXLHtjAYWWo/|title=FIBA LiveStats|website=www.fibalivestats.com|access-date=1 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209072355/http://www.fibalivestats.com/matches/4142/12/10/59/50lXLHtjAYWWo|archive-date=9 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> This win has been labelled as the ''biggest basketball win in the nation's history.''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ekalavyas.com/2014/07/12/live-india-vs-china-5th-fiba-asia-cup-men/ |title=5th FIBA Asia Cup: India beats China for biggest basketball win in the nation's history - Ekalavyas | Ekalavyas |access-date=3 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504023106/http://ekalavyas.com/2014/07/12/live-india-vs-china-5th-fiba-asia-cup-men/ |archive-date=4 May 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==History==

India appeared at the international stage for the first time ever at the [[1965 ABC Championship|1965 Asian Basketball Championship]] where it started out as moderately competitive. India became a regular at the event and had their most successful tournament in [[1975 ABC Championship|1975]] when the team even reached the final four.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/event/p/cid//sid/2447/_/1975_FIBA_Asia_Championship_for_Men/index.html | publisher=FIBA | title=1975 Asian Championship for men | access-date=26 November 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091224092729/http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/event/p/cid/sid/2447/_/1975_FIBA_Asia_Championship_for_Men/index.html | archive-date=24 December 2009 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nba.com/india/news/howard_tour_100804.html |title=Howard tour;NBA archived posts |access-date=4 April 2013 |archive-date=9 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509222138/http://www.nba.com/india/news/howard_tour_100804.html |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>

Plagued by a lack of popularity and support for basketball at home, at times, India faded into oblivion and only had a handful of successful performances.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://olympics.com/en/news/indian-basketball-team-national-history-olympics-asian-basketball-championships|title=Indian basketball team: A topsy-turvy trail|access-date=9 March 2023}}</ref> Its most noteworthy tournament appearance was at the [[Basketball at the 1980 Summer Olympics|1980 Summer Olympics]] when the team got its chance to represent Asia due to the cancellations of some teams who took part in the [[American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thebridge.in/football/world-cup-captain-kuntala-ghosh-dastidar-ignores-noise-38102?infinitescroll=1|title=The first and last time India played basketball at the Olympics|access-date=9 March 2023}}</ref> A few of the world's top basketball powers at that time (such as the [[United States national basketball team|United States]] and [[Canada men's national basketball team|Canada]]) withdrew from the tournament. India finished 12th out of 12 in the Olympics after getting knocked out in the preliminary round by losing all three of their matches and then losing all five of their matches in the Classification round.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportingnews.com/in/nba/news/basketball-at-1980-olympics-indias-road-to-qualification-roster-results-top-performers/1nthmw871o22a1dc04ot7c1c2z#:~:text=Who%20was%20on%20India's%20roster,Hanuman%20Rathore%2C%20and%20Harbhajan%20Singh.|title=Basketball at 1980 Olympics: India's road to qualification, roster, results, top performers and more|access-date=9 March 2023}}</ref>

While the results did not go India's way one game in particular caught the attention of basketball fans worldwide. India played against the [[Australia men's national basketball team|Australian Team]], one of the world's top basketball teams. India, which was made up solely of voluntary basketball players competed against the elite team of [[Australia men's national basketball team|Australia]] for almost the whole game until it finally ceded to [[the Boomers]] 75–93 after leading at halftime 41–37.<ref>[http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/game/p/gid/10/grid/X/rid/727/sid/2940/tid/301/_/1980_Olympic_Games_Tournament_for_Men/statistic.html ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203000503/http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/game/p/gid/10/grid/X/rid/727/sid/2940/tid/301/_/1980_Olympic_Games_Tournament_for_Men/statistic.html|date=3 February 2016}} FIBA: 1980 Olympic Games : Tournament for Men, archives.fiba.com, accessed 17 October 2011.</ref>

Many Indian players also made headlines while in the Soviet Union as well. [[Ajmer Singh (basketball)|Ajmer Singh]] gained worldwide attention as he was amongst the top 10 shooters there and became the 10th best pivot player in the tournament there.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fiba.basketball/asiacup/2021/news/how-did-india-play-at-the-1980-summer-olympics|title=Indian basketball team at the 1980 Olympics|access-date=10 May 2021}}</ref>

The late 90s saw the emergence of [[Sozhasingarayer Robinson]], the first Indian basketball player who gained considerable international attention. Robinson led India to a surprising victory over [[South Korea national basketball team|South Korea]], one of Asia's top teams.<ref>http://www.taiwanhoops.com/2004/11/stankovic-cup-day-4-robinsons-36-leads.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403153536/http://www.taiwanhoops.com/2004/11/stankovic-cup-day-4-robinsons-36-leads.html |date=3 April 2012 }} Taiwan Hoops - Stankovic Cup Day 4 – Robinson's 36 leads India upset Korea, 81-76 , taiwanhoops.com, written 24 November 2004, accessed 13 October 2011.</ref>

In 2005, however, Robinson complained that the structure and support for basketball in India was still mediocre and government officials did not do enough to support the sport. As a protest, he retired from the national team.<ref>http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/04/stories/2007120411292200.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225111343/http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/04/stories/2007120411292200.htm|date=25 February 2011}} The Hindu - Sport / Basketball : Robinson not to play for India, TN, Hindu.com, written 4 Dec 2007, accessed 15 October 2011.</ref>

At the [[2011 FIBA Asia Championship]] India was coached by former [[Sacramento Kings]] head coach [[Kenny Natt]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-14/interviews/29656175_1_basketball-federation-nba-player-coaching-basketball|title=I'm here to create a superstar, says India's NBA coach Kenny Natt|access-date=1 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105170018/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-14/interviews/29656175_1_basketball-federation-nba-player-coaching-basketball|archive-date=5 November 2012|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2012, former NBA D-League and U.S. college coach, Scott Flemming, took over the team. Under his supervision, the team won the [[South Asia Basketball Championship|South Asia Championship]] in 2014. India had two wins and finished 3 places higher (11th) in the [[2013 FIBA Asia Championship]] than in [[2011 FIBA Asia Championship|2011]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://wuhan2011.fibaasia.net/ScheduleResults.aspx |title=26th FIBA Asia Championship : Schedule & Results |access-date=21 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019055314/http://wuhan2011.fibaasia.net/ScheduleResults.aspx |archive-date=19 October 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2014, the ''Young Cagers'' (as team India is often nicknamed) won the [[Basketball at the Lusophony Games|Lusofonia games]] with wins over [[Guinea-Bissau national basketball team|Guinea-Bissau]], [[Cape Verde national basketball team|Cape Verde]], and [[Angola national basketball team|Angola]] in the gold medal game. This was Team India's first title ever in a non-Asian competition. In the [[2014 FIBA Asia Cup]] India pulled off the biggest win in their 80-year history by defeating China on their home court 65–58. The establishment of a professional league was a major step in continuing this recent success the Indian team had experienced.<ref>{{cite web|url=
https://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/indian-national-basketball-league-from-january-4/article37568803.ece|title=Indian National Basketball League from January 4|access-date=3 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.nba.com/news/bfi-launch-inbl/17tco84f47iym1abywanqrsyck|title=BFI launch INBL (Indian National Basketball League), aim to take sport to higher standards across all formats|access-date=3 December 2021}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="160px">
File:Kanteerava Indoor 40.JPG|The [[Kanteerava Indoor Stadium]] hosted the [[SABA Championship]] in 2015 and 2016. India won the gold medal on both occasions. Further, Team India has frequently used the facility for training sessions<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 22, 2002|first=S. |last=Kushala |title=Do we need one more stadium?|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Do-we-need-one-more-stadium-/articleshow/10696192.cms|access-date=2020-06-27|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
File:Satnam Singh Bhamara.jpg|[[Satnam Singh Bhamara]] (left) with the Indian national team in 2013
File:Vishesh Bhriguvanshi.JPG|[[Vishesh Bhriguvanshi]]
File:Anoop Mukkanniyil.jpeg|Anoop Mukkanniyil
File:Akilan Pari.JPG|[[Akilan Pari]]
File:Rikin Pethani.JPG|[[Rikin Pethani]]
File:Trideep Rai.JPG|Trideep Rai
File:Yadwinder Singh.JPG|[[Yadwinder Singh]]
File:Riyaz Uddin.jpeg|Riyaz Uddin
</gallery>

==Competitive record==
===Summer Olympics===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan=3 style="background-color: #ddeeff;"|[[Basketball at the Summer Olympics|Summer Olympics]]
|-
!style="width: 70px;"| Year
!style="width: 350px;"| Host city
!style="width: 70px;"| Position
|-
|'''[[Basketball at the 1980 Summer Olympics|1980]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|USSR}} [[Moscow]], [[Soviet Union]]
|12th
|}

===FIBA Asia Cup===
{{main|FIBA Asia Cup}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;font-size:90%;"
!width=125|Year
!width=120|Position
!width=35|{{Tooltip|Pld|Games played}}
!width=35|{{Tooltip|W|Won}}
!width=35|{{Tooltip|L|Lost}}
|-
|{{flagicon|PHI}} [[1960 ABC Championship|1960]]||rowspan=2 colspan=4|''did not enter''
|-
|{{flagicon|ROC}} [[1963 ABC Championship|1963]]
|-
|{{flagicon|MAS}} [[1965 ABC Championship|1965]]|| 7th place || 7 || 4 || 3
|-
|{{flagicon|KOR}} [[1967 ABC Championship|1967]]|| 6th place || 9 || 5 || 4
|-
|{{flagicon|THA}} [[1969 ABC Championship|1969]]|| 5th place || 8 || 4 || 4
|-
|{{flagicon|JPN}} [[1971 ABC Championship|1971]]|| 6th place || 8 || 3 || 5
|-
|{{flagicon|PHI}} [[1973 ABC Championship|1973]]|| 6th place || 10 || 3 || 7
|-
|{{flagicon|THA}} [[1975 ABC Championship|1975]]|| 4th place || 8 || 5 || 3
|-
|{{flagicon|MAS}} [[1977 ABC Championship|1977]]|| 7th place || 9 || 7 || 2
|-
|{{flagicon|JPN}} [[1979 ABC Championship|1979]]|| 5th place || 7 || 3 || 4
|-
|style="border: 3px solid red"|{{flagicon|IND}} [[1981 ABC Championship|1981]]|| 5th place || 7 || 3 || 4
|-
|{{flagicon|HKG|1959}} [[1983 ABC Championship|1983]]|| 6th place || 5 || 2 || 3
|-
|{{flagicon|MAS}} [[1985 ABC Championship|1985]]|| 10th place || 6 || 3 || 3
|-
|{{flagicon|THA}} [[1987 ABC Championship|1987]]|| 6th place || 7 || 2 || 5
|-
|{{flagicon|CHN}} [[1989 ABC Championship|1989]]|| 6th place || 6 || 2 || 4
|-
|{{flagicon|JPN}} [[1991 ABC Championship|1991]]|| 13th place || 7 || 2 || 5
|-
|{{flagicon|INA}} [[1993 ABC Championship|1993]]||colspan=4|''did not enter''
|-
|{{flagicon|KOR}} [[1995 ABC Championship|1995]]|| 13th place || 8 || 4 || 4
|-
|{{flagicon|KSA}} [[1997 ABC Championship|1997]]|| 11th place || 6 || 3 || 3
|-
|{{flagicon|JPN}} [[1999 ABC Championship|1999]]||colspan=4|''did not enter''
|-
|{{flagicon|CHN}} [[2001 ABC Championship|2001]]|| 8th place || 6 || 1 || 5
|-
|{{flagicon|CHN}} [[2003 ABC Championship|2003]]|| 8th place || 7 || 2 || 5
|-
|{{flagicon|QAT}} [[2005 FIBA Asia Championship|2005]]|| 12th place || 7 || 3 || 4
|-
|{{flagicon|JPN}} [[2007 FIBA Asia Championship|2007]]|| 15th place || 7 || 2 || 5
|-
|{{flagicon|CHN}} [[2009 FIBA Asia Championship|2009]]|| 13th place || 5 || 2 || 3
|-
|{{flagicon|CHN}} [[2011 FIBA Asia Championship|2011]]|| 14th place || 5 || 1 || 4
|-
|{{flagicon|PHI}} [[2013 FIBA Asia Championship|2013]]|| 11th place || 8 || 2 || 6
|-
|{{flagicon|CHN}} [[2015 FIBA Asia Championship|2015]]|| 8th place || 9 || 3 || 6
|-
|{{flagicon|LIB}} [[2017 FIBA Asia Cup|2017]]|| 14th place || 3 || 0 || 3
|-
|{{flagicon|INA}} [[2022 FIBA Asia Cup|2022]]|| 16th place || 3 || 0 || 3
|-
!Total|| 26/30 || 178 || 71 || 107
|}

===Asian Games===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan=3 style="background-color: #ddeeff;"|[[Basketball at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]
|-
!style="width: 70px;"| Year
!style="width: 350px;"| Host city
!style="width: 70px;"| Position
|-
|style="border: 3px solid red"|'''[[Basketball at the 1951 Asian Games|1951]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|India}} [[New Delhi]], [[India]]
|style="background-color: beige;"|4th
|-
|'''[[Basketball at the 1970 Asian Games|1970]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|Thailand}} [[Bangkok]], [[Thailand]]
|6th
|-
|style="border: 3px solid red"|'''[[Basketball at the 1982 Asian Games|1982]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|India}} [[New Delhi]], [[India]]
|8th
|-
|'''[[Basketball at the 2006 Asian Games|2006]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|Qatar}} [[Doha]], [[Qatar]]
|17th
|-
|'''[[Basketball at the 2010 Asian Games|2010]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|China}} [[Guangzhou]], [[China]]
|11th
|-
|'''[[Basketball at the 2014 Asian Games|2014]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|KOR}} [[Incheon]], [[South Korea]]
|9th
|-
|}

===Asia Challenge===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan=3 style="background-color: #ddeeff;"|[[FIBA Asia Challenge]]
|-
!style="width: 70px;"| Year
!style="width: 350px;"| Host city
!style="width: 70px;"| Position
|-
|'''[[2004 FIBA Asia Stankovic Cup|2004]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|ROC}} [[Taipei]], [[Taiwan]]
|6th
|-
|'''[[2008 FIBA Asia Stankovic Cup|2008]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|KUW}} [[Kuwait City]], [[Kuwait]]
|5th
|-
|'''[[2012 FIBA Asia Cup|2012]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]]
|9th
|-
|'''[[2014 FIBA Asia Cup|2014]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|China}} [[Wuhan]], [[China]]
|7th
|-
|'''[[2016 FIBA Asia Challenge|2016]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|IRN}} [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
|7th
|-
|}

===SABA Championship===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan=3 style="background-color: #ddeeff;"|[[SABA Championship]]
|-
!style="width: 70px;"| Year
!style="width: 350px;"| Host city
!style="width: 70px;"| Position
|-
|style="border: 3px solid red"|'''2002'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|India}} [[Assam]], [[India]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|-
|'''[[2014 SABA Championship|2014]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|NEP}} [[Kathmandu]], [[Nepal]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|-
|style="border: 3px solid red"|'''[[2015 SABA Championship|2015]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|India}} [[Bengaluru]], [[India]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|-
|style="border: 3px solid red"|'''[[2016 SABA Championship|2016]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|India}} [[Bengaluru]], [[India]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|-
|'''[[2017 SABA Championship|2017]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|Maldives}} [[Male]], [[Maldives]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|-
|'''[[2021 SABA Championship|2021]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|Bangladesh}} [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|-
|}

===Commonwealth Games===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan=3 style="background-color: #ddeeff;"|[[Basketball at the Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]]
|-
!style="width: 70px;"| Year
!style="width: 350px;"| Host city
!style="width: 70px;"| Position
|-
|'''[[Basketball at the 2006 Commonwealth Games|2006]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Melbourne]], [[Australia]]
|8th
|-
|'''[[Basketball at the 2018 Commonwealth Games|2018]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Gold Coast, Queensland|Gold Coast]], [[Australia]]
|8th
|}

===South Asian Games===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan=3 style="background-color: #ddeeff;"|[[Basketball at the South Asian Games|South Asian Games]]
|-
!style="width: 70px;"| Year
!style="width: 350px;"| Host city
!style="width: 70px;"| Position
|-
|style="border: 3px solid red"|'''[[1987 South Asian Games|1987]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|India}} [[Kolkata]], [[India]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|-
|'''[[1991 South Asian Games|1991]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|Sri Lanka}} [[Colombo]], [[Sri Lanka]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|-
|style="border: 3px solid red"|'''[[1995 South Asian Games|1995]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|India}} [[Chennai]], [[India]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|-
|'''[[2010 South Asian Games|2010]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|Bangladesh}} [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]
|style="background: silver"|2nd
|-
|'''[[2019 South Asian Games|2019]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|Nepal}} [[Kathmandu]], [[Nepal]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|-
|}

===Lusofonia Games===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!colspan=3 style="background-color: #ddeeff;"|[[Basketball at the Lusofonia Games|Lusofonia Games]]
|-
!style="width: 70px;"| Year
!style="width: 350px;"| Host city
!style="width: 70px;"| Position
|-
|style="border: 3px solid red"|'''[[Basketball at the 2014 Lusofonia Games|2014]]'''
|style="text-align: left; padding-left: 20px;"| {{flagicon|India}} [[Goa]], [[India]]
|style="background:gold"|1st
|}

==Current roster==

===2021 FIBA Asia Cup qualification===

{{FIBA roster header | team=India national basketball team – 2021 FIBA Asia Cup qualification | color1 = blue | bg1 = #FFA500 | color2 = white | bg2 = blue}}


{{FIBA player | pos = PG | num = 1 | first = Sahaij | last= Sekhon | year = 2001 | month = 9 | date = 1 | df = y | m = 1.94 | cub = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = PG | num = 4 | first = Joginder | last = Singh | dab = basketball | year = 1988 | month = 5 | date = 27 | df = y | m = 1.75 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 7 | first = Muin Bek | last = Hafeez | year = 1996 | month = 3 | date = 16 | df = y | m =1.90 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = G | num = 9 | first = Vishesh | last = Bhriguvanshi | year = 1991 | month = 9 | date = 13 | df = y | m = 1.92 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND | note = C }}
{{FIBA player | pos = SG | num = 10 | first = Rajeev | last = Kumar | dab = basketball | year = 2001 | month = 10 | date = 6 | df = y | m =1.90 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 11 | first = Manoj | last = Manjunatha | year = 2003 | month = 4 | date = 30 | df = y | m =1.99 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 15 | first = Jagdeep | last = Singh | dab = basketball |year = 1986 | month = 1 | date = 10 | df = y | m = 1.98 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = PF | num = 18 | first = Aravind | last = Annadurai | year = 1993 | month = 7 | date = 5 | df = y | m =2.00 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 22 | first = Amjyot | last = Gill | year = 1992 | month = 1 | date = 27 | df = y | m = 2.03 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 23 | first = Amaan | last = Sandhu | year = 2002 | month = 12 | date = 8 | df = y | m =2.03 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 77 | first = Vivek | last= Goti | year = 1994 | month = 7 | date = 5 | df = y | m = 2.10 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = PF | num = 78 | first = Prashant Singh | last= Rawat | year = 2000 | month = 8 | date = 15 | df = y | m = 2.02 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}


{{FIBA roster footer
| head_coach =
* {{Flagicon|SRB}} [[Veselin Matić]]
| asst_coach =
* {{Flagicon|IND}} Pradeep Tomar
| otherlegend =
* '''(C)''' Team captain
*'''Club''' – describes last club before the tournament
* '''Age''' – describes age
}}

===Depth chart===
{{Basketball depth chart
| line_color = 00f
| alt_color = ffa500
| label_color = fff
| starter_c = Amaan Sandhu
| starter_pf = [[Prashant Singh Rawat]]
| starter_sf = [[Muin Bek Hafeez]]
| starter_sg = B.Ranjeet Kumar (c)
| starter_pg = [[Vishesh Bhriguvanshi]]
| bench 1_c = [[Jagdeep Singh (basketball)|Jagdeep Singh]]
| bench 1_pf = Aravind Annadurai
| bench 1_sf = Manoj Manjunatha
| bench 1_sg = Rajeev Kumar
| bench 1_pg = [[Sahaij Sekhon]]
| bench 2_c = Vivek Goti
| bench 2_pf = Vijay Dahiya
| bench 2_sf =
| bench 2_sg =
| bench 2_pg = Joginder Singh
| bench 3_c =
| bench 3_pf =
| bench 3_sf =
| bench 3_sg =
| bench 3_pg =
| inactive_c =
| reserve_pf =
| reserve_sf =
| reserve_sg =
| reserve_pg =
}}

==Head coach history==
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*{{flagicon|PHI}} [[Lauro Mumar]]
*{{flagicon|IND}} Major N.K. Singh - 1997
*{{flagicon|IND}} Keshav Kumar Chansoria - 2001
*{{flagicon|IND}} Jay Prakash Singh - 2005
*{{flagicon|SER}} [[Zoran Lukić (basketball)|Zoran Lukić]] - 2006
*{{flagicon|IND}} Mahender Rathor - 2007
*{{flagicon|SER}} [[Aleksandar Bućan]] - 2007–2010
*{{flagicon|USA}} Bill Harris - 2010–2011
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Kenny Natt]] - 2011–2012
*{{flagicon|IND}} Keshav Kumar Chansoria (''interim'') - 2012
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Scott Flemming]] - 2012–2015
*{{flagicon|IND}} [[Sat Prakash Yadav]] - 2015–2017
*{{flagicon|IND}} CV Sunny (interim) - 2017
*{{flagicon|IND}} Bhaskar Sappaniambalam (''interim'') - 2017
*{{flagicon|USA}} Phil Weber (interim) - 2017<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://scroll.in/field/843933/from-nba-to-india-new-basketball-coach-phil-weber-hopes-to-create-a-culture-of-success |title=From NBA to India: New basketball coach Phil Weber hopes to create a culture of success |access-date=20 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190825070330/https://scroll.in/field/843933/from-nba-to-india-new-basketball-coach-phil-weber-hopes-to-create-a-culture-of-success |archive-date=25 August 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*{{flagicon|SER}} [[Zoran Višić]] - 2017–2019
*{{flagicon|SER}} [[Veselin Matić]] - 2019–''present''
}}

==Past rosters==
'''[[Basketball at the 1980 Summer Olympics|1980 Olympic Games]]:''' finished '''12th''' among 12 teams

[[Baldev Singh (basketball)|Baldev Singh]], [[Ajmer Singh (basketball)|Ajmer Singh]], [[Parvez Diniar]], [[Dilip Gurumurthy]], [[Harbhajan Singh (basketball)|Harbhajan Singh]], [[Jorawar Singh]], [[Amarnath Nagarajan]], Pramdiph Singh, [[Paramjit Singh (basketball)|Paramjit Singh]] (c), [[Radhey Shyam]], [[Hanuman Singh]], [[Tarlok Singh Sandhu]] (Coach: Major Makolath Rajan<ref>{{cite web |title=Former Indian basketball coach Rajan passes away |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2017/oct/10/former-indian-basketball-coach-rajan-passes-away-1669305.html |date=10 October 2017}}</ref>)

'''[[1997 ABC Championship|1997 Asian Championship]]:''' finished '''11th''' among 15 teams

Pankaj Malik, B.S. Gowtham, Gagnesh Kumar, Ashok Kumar, N. Appla Raju, Parmindar Singh, Nishant Kumar, Virendar Joshi, Jaldeep Dhaliwal, D. Swaminathan, Srikant Reddy (Coach: Major N.K. Singh)

'''[[1999 ABC Championship|1999 Asian Championship]]:''' '''not qualified'''

'''[[2001 ABC Championship|2001 Asian Championship]]:''' finished '''8th''' among 14 teams

Vinay Kumaryadan, J.Murli, B.J. Jadeja, Mohit Bhandari, S.Sridhar, Parmindar Singh, Ranjeet Singh, Austin Almeida, [[Sozhasingarayer Robinson]], Suresh Ranot, M.S. Sabeer Ahamed, Des Raj (Coach: Keshav Kumar Chansoria)

'''[[2003 ABC Championship|2003 Asian Championship]]:''' finished '''8th''' among 16 teams

Sambhaji Kadam, Gagnesh Kumar, Mihir Pandey, S. Gopinath, S.Sridhar, Parmindar Singh, Muraleekrishna Ravindran, Trideep Rai, [[Sozhasingarayer Robinson]], Riyaz Uddin, Snehpal Singh, Des Raj

'''[[2005 FIBA Asia Championship|2005 Asian Championship]]:''' finished '''12th''' among 16 teams

Sambhaji Kadam, Shiv Kumar, Mihir Pandey, Anoop Mukkanniyil, Yadwinder Singh, Rajanna Sanjay Raj, Muraleekrishna Ravindran, Trideep Rai, [[Sozhasingarayer Robinson]], Riyaz Uddin, Talwinderjit Singh, [[Jagdeep Singh (basketball)|Jagdeep Singh]] (Coach: Jay Prakash Singh)

'''[[2007 FIBA Asia Championship|2007 Asian Championship]]:''' finished '''15th''' among 16 teams

Sambhaji Kadam, Shiv Kumar, Ravikumar Krishnasamy, Anoop Mukkanniyil, Roshan Thankachan Padavetiyil, Rajanna Sanjay Raj, Muraleekrishna Ravindran, Trideep Rai, Dilawar Singh, Riyaz Uddin, Lokesh Yodav, [[Jagdeep Singh (basketball)|Jagdeep Singh]] (Coach: Aleksandar Bucan)

'''[[2009 FIBA Asia Championship|2009 Asian Championship]]:''' finished '''13th''' among 16 teams

Sambhaji Kadam, Talwinderjit Singh, Hareesh Koroth, Harpalsinh Vaghela, Sunil Kumar Rathee, [[Vishesh Bhriguvanshi]], Prakash Mishra, [[Vineeth Revi Mathew]], Abhilek Paul, Jayram Jat, Dinesh Comibatore, [[Jagdeep Singh (basketball)|Jagdeep Singh]] (Coach: Aleksandar Bucan)

'''[[2011 FIBA Asia Championship|2011 Asian Championship]]:''' finished '''14th''' among 16 teams
{{hidden begin|toggle=left|title=2011 Asian Championship roster}}
{{FIBA roster header|nat=n|team=2011 India National Basketball Team|color1 = white|bg1 = #0000FF|color2 = black|bg2 = #FFFF00}}

{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = C | num = 4 | first = Amjyot | last = Singh | year = 1992 | month = 1 | date = 27 | ft = 6 | in = 8 | club = Punjab Police (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = C | num = 5 | first = Satnam Singh | last = Bhamara | year = 1995 | month = 10 | date = 12 | ft = 7| in = 1 | club = IMG Academy | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = G | num = 6 | first = Hareesh | last = Koroth | year = 1984 | month = 11 | date = 12 | ft = 6 | in = 1 | club = Tamil Nadu (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = G | num = 7 | first = Prakash | last = Mishra | year = 1982 | month = 8 | date = 5 | ft = 6 | in = 0 | club = Indian Railways (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = C | num = 8 | first = Dishant Vipul | last = Shah | year = 1992 | month = 1 | date = 3 | ft = 6 | in = 8 | club = Gujarat (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = G | num = 9 | first = Vishesh | last = Bhriguvanshi | year = 1991 | month = 9 | date = 13 | ft = 6 | in = 3 | club = Indian Railways (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = F | num = 10 | first = Amitpal | last = Singh | dab = basketball | year = 1984 | month = 1 | date = 28 | ft = 6 | in = 6 | club = Punjab Police (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = F | num = 11 | first = Narender Kumar | last = Garewal | year = 1983 | month = 4 | date = 20 | ft = 6 | in = 8 | club = Services (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = F | num = 12 | first = Trideep | last = Rai | year = 1983 | month = 7 | date = 4 | ft = 6 | in = 3 | club = Uttarakhand (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = SG | num = 13 | first = Talwinderjit | last = Singh | year = 1986 | month = 10 | date = 26 | ft = 6 | in = 0 | club = Punjab Police (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = C | num = 14 | first = Yadwinder | last = Singh | year = 1986 | month = 12 | date = 30 | ft = 6| in = 6 | club = Indian Railways (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA player |df=y| pos = C | num = 15 | first = Jagdeep | last = Singh | dab = basketball | year = 1993 | month = 1 | date = 10 | ft = 6 | in = 6 | club = Punjab Police (Amateur) | compyear = 2012 | compmonth = 7 | compdate = 12}}
{{FIBA roster footer
| head_coach =
*[[Kenny Natt]]
| asst_coach =
*[[Rajinder Singh (basketball player)|Rajinder Singh]]
*[[Pawan Kumer]]
*[[Zak Penwell]]
| otherlegend =
*'''(C)''' Captain
*'''Club''' denotes current pro club
}}
{{hidden end}}
'''[[2013 FIBA Asia Championship|2013 Asian Championship]]:''' finished '''11th''' among 15 teams
{{hidden begin|toggle=left|title=2013 FIBA Asia Championship roster}}
{{FIBA roster header|nat=n|team= India National Basketball Team: 2013 FIBA Asia Championship| color1= #FFFFFF| bg1= #0000FF| color2= 000000| bg2= #FFFF00}}

{{FIBA player | pos = PG | num = 4 | first = Sambhaji| last = Kadam | dab = basketball| year = 1980 | month = 03 | date = 15 | ft = 5 | in = 9 | club = Services (amateur) | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = G | num = 5 | first = Narender Kumar | last = Grewal | year = 1988 | month = 06 | date = 25 | ft = 6 | in = 1 | club = Services (amateur) | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 6 | first = Pratham | last = Singh | dab = basketball | year = 1991 | month = 01 | date = 10 | ft = 6 | in = 0 | club = Tamil Nadu | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 7 | first = Vinay | last = Kaushik | year = 1991 | month = 08 | date = 30 | ft = 6 | in = 2 | club = | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 8 | first = Arjun | last = Singh | dab = basketball | year = 1992 | month = 06 | date = 08 | ft = 6 | in = 0 | club = N.W. Railway | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 9 | first = Vishesh | last = Bhriguvanshi | year = 1991 | month = 09 | date = 13 | ft = 6 | in = 4 | club = ONGC | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 10 | first = Amritpal | last = Singh | dab = basketball | year = 1991 | month = 01 | date = 05 | ft = 6 | in = 11 | club = Punjab Police (amateur)| compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = PG | num = 11 | first = Joginder | last = Singh | dab = basketball | year = 1988 | month = 05 | date = 27 | ft = 5 | in = 9 | club = Services (amateur) | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 12 | first = Satnam Singh | last = Bhamara | year = 1995 | month = 12 | date = 10 | ft = 7 | in = 4 | club = IMG Academy | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 13 | first = Amjyot | last = Singh | year = 1992 | month = 01 | date = 27 | ft = 6 | in = 9 | club = Punjab Police (amateur) | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 14 | first = Yadwinder | last = Singh | year = 1986 | month = 12 | date = 30 | ft = 6 | in = 5 | club = Indian Railways (amateur) | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 15 | first = Rikin Shantilal | last = Pethani | year = 1990 | month = 12 | date = 02 | ft = 6 | in = 10 | club = Tamil Nadu | compyear = 2013 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 1}}

{{FIBA roster footer
| head_coach =
*[[Scott William Flemmig]]
| asst_coach =
*[[Jora Singh]]
| otherlegend =
}}
{{hidden end}}
'''[[Basketball at the 2014 Asian Games – Men's tournament|2014 Asian Games]]:''' finished '''12th''' among 16 teams
{{hidden begin|toggle=left|title=2014 Asian Games roster}}
{{FIBA roster header|nat=n | team = India men's national basketball team - 2014 Asian Games
| color1 = #FFFFFF | bg1 = #0000FF | color2 = 000000 | bg2 = #FFFF00}}

{{FIBA player | num = 4 | first = Joginder| last = Singh | dab = basketball | pos = G | m = 1.75 | year = 1988 | month = 5 | date = 27 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Indian Air Force | nat = IND}}
{{FIBA player | num = 5 | last = Grewal | first = Narender Kumar | pos = PF | m = 1.85 | year = 1988 | month = 6 | date = 25 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Indian Air Force | nat = IND}}
{{FIBA player | num = 6 | last = Pari | first = Akilan | pos = PG | m = 1.80 | year = 1989 | month = 7 | date = 20 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Income Tax | nat = IND}}
{{FIBA player | num = 7 | last = Mishra | first = Prakash | pos = SG | m = 1.83 | year = 1982 | month = 5 | date = 08 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Indian Railways | nat = IND}}
{{FIBA player | num = 8 | first = Himal | last = Chadha |dab = basketball | pos = PF | m = 1.89 | year = 1999 | month = 8 | date = 04 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Indian Army| nat = IND}}
{{FIBA player | num = 9 | last = Bhriguvanshi | first = Vishesh | pos = PF | m = 1.92 | year = 1991 | month = 9 | date = 13 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Oil and Natural Gas Corporation | nat = IND}}
{{FIBA player | num = 10 | first = Amritpal | last = Singh | dab = basketball | pos = C | m = 2.07 | year = 1991 | month = 1 | date = 05 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Oil and Natural Gas Corporation | nat = IND | note = C}}
{{FIBA player | num = 11 | last = Sivakumar | first = Prasanna Venkatesh | pos = PF | m = 1.86 | year = 1992 | month = 9 | date = 25 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Indian Overseas Bank| nat = IND}}
{{FIBA player | num = 12 | last = Brar | first = Palpreet Singh | pos = C | m = 2.04 | year = 1994 | month = 1 | date = 03 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Punjab | nat = IND}}
{{FIBA player | num = 13 | first = Amjyot | last = Singh | pos = F | m = 2.03 | year = 1992 | month = 1 | date = 27 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Indian Overseas Bank | nat = IND}}
{{FIBA player | num = 14 | first = Yadwinder | last = Singh | pos = PF | m = 1.96 | year = 1986 | month = 12 | date = 30 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Oil and Natural Gas Corporation | nat = IND}}
{{FIBA player | num = 15 | last = Pethani | first = Rikin Shantilal | pos = C | m = 2.03 | year = 1990 | month = 12 | date = 02 | compyear = 2014 | compmonth = 9 | compdate = 19 | club = Indian Overseas Bank | nat = IND}}

{{FIBA roster footer
| head_coach =
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Scott William Flemming]]
| asst_coach =
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Rama Linga Prasad Guntupalli]]
| otherlegend =
*'''(C)''' Team captain
*'''Club''' – describes last club before the tournament
*'''Age''' – describes age on 19 September 2014
}}
{{hidden end}}
;[[2015 FIBA Asia Championship]] "finished 8th Among 16 qualified teams in Asia "
{{hidden begin|toggle=left|title=2015 FIBA Asia Championship roster}}
{{FIBA roster header|nat=n | team = India men's national basketball team - 2015 FIBA Asia Championship
| color1 = #FFFFFF | bg1 = #0000FF | color2 = 000000 | bg2 = #FFFF00}}
{{FIBA player | num = 3| pos = F| first = Vinay| last = Kaushik| clublink = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Income Tax]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1991|month =8|date =30|m=1.89}}
{{FIBA player | num = 4| pos = G| first = Rajesh Prakash| last = Uppar| clublink = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Vijaya Bank]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1991|month =1|date =20|m=1.72}}
{{FIBA player | num = 7 | pos = G | first = Siddhant Sanjay | last = Shinde| clublink = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Customs]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1991|month =6|date =15|m=1.80}}
{{FIBA player | num = 9 | pos = G| first = Vishesh | last = Bhriguvanshi| clublink = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Oil and Natural Gas Corporation]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1991|month =9|date =13|m=1.93}}
{{FIBA player | num = 10 | pos = C | first = Amritpal | last = Singh |dab=basketball| clublink = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Tokyo Excellence]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1991|month =1|date =5|m=2.07}}
{{FIBA player | num = 13 | pos = F| first = Vikas | last = Kumar |dab=basketball| clublink = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Haryana Police]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1988|month =11|date =13|m=1.83}}
{{FIBA player | num = 14| pos = F | first = Yadwinder | last = Singh| clublink = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Oil and Natural Gas Corporation]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1986|month =12|date =30|m=1.96}}
{{FIBA player | num = 15 | pos = F | first = Arvind | last = Arumugam| clublink = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Vijaya Bank]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1991|month =1|date =28|m=1.97}}
{{FIBA player | num = 22| pos = F | first = Amjyot | last = Singh| clublink = {{flagicon|JPN}} [[Tokyo Excellence]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1992|month =1|date =27|m=2.03}}
{{FIBA player | num = 66 | pos = G | first = Akilan | last = Pari| clublink = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Income Tax]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1989|month =7|date =20|m=1.80}}
{{FIBA player | num = 69 | pos = C | first = Akashdeep | last = Hazra| clublink = {{Flagicon|IND}} [[Indian Railways]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1996|month =7|date =1|m=2.13}}
{{FIBA player | num = 96 | pos = F | first = Gurvinder Singh Gill| clublink = {{flagicon|IND}} [[Punjab]]|compyear=2015|compmonth = 9|compdate = 23|year=1996|month =1|date =21|m=2.00}}
{{FIBA roster footer
| head_coach =
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Sat Prakash Yadav]]
}}

2016 FIBA Asia Challenge "finished 7th Among 12 qualified teams in Asia "

{{hidden end}}
;[[2017 FIBA Asia Cup]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fiba.basketball/asiacup/2017/India#%7Ctab=roster|title=India at the FIBA Asia Cup 2017 - FIBA.basketball|website=FIBA.basketball|access-date=1 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171124094156/http://www.fiba.basketball/asiacup/2017/India#%7Ctab=roster|archive-date=24 November 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{hidden begin|toggle=left|title=2017 FIBA Asia Cup roster}}
{{FIBA roster header|team=India men's national basketball team – 2017 FIBA Asia Cup
| color1 = blue | bg1 = #FFA500 | color2 = white | bg2 = blue}}
{{FIBA player | pos = PF | num = 6 | name = Aravind Annadurai | year = 1993 | month = 7 | date = 5 | m = 2.00 | clublink = Indian overseas bank | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = G | num = 7 | name = tanmay shende | dab = basketball | year = 1999 | month = 7 | date = 22 | m = 1.86 | clublink = Vijaya Bank Bangalore | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = G | num = 8 | name = Rajvir Singh (basketball) | year = 1995 | month = 10 | date = 25 | m = 1.88 | clublink = Punjab Police | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = G | num = 9 | name = Vishesh Bhriguvanshi | year = 1991 | month = 9 | date = 13 | m = 1.92 | clublink = [[Adelaide 36ers]] | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = AUS }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 10 | name = Amritpal Singh (basketball) | dab = basketball | year = 1991 | month = 1 | date = 5 | m = 2.10 | clublink = [[Sydney Kings]] | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = AUS }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 15 | name = Rikin Pethani | year = 1990 | month = 12 | date = 2 | m = 2.03 | clublink = Income Tax Chennai | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 22 | name = Amjyot Singh | year = 1992 | month = 1 | date = 27 | m = 2.03 | clublink = Punjab Police | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = PG | num = 24 | name = Baladhaneshwar Poiyamozhi | year = 1999 | month = 12 | date = 7 | m = 1.79 | clublink = Indian overseas bank | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = G | num = 46 | name = Prasanna Sivakumar | year = 1992 | month = 9 | date = 25 | m = 1.86 | clublink = Indian overseas bank | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 52 | name = Satnam Singh Bhamara | year = 1995 | month = 12 | date = 10 | m = 2.18 | clublink = [[Texas Legends]] | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = USA }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 77 | name = Muin Bek Hafeez | year = 1996 | month = 3 | date = 16 | m = 1.90 | clublink = Indian overseas bank | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = PG | num = 99 | name = Talwinderjit Singh | year = 1986 | month = 10 | date = 20 | m = 1.83 | clublink = | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 8 | compdate = 8 | nat = IND }}

{{FIBA roster footer
| head_coach =
* {{Flagicon|USA}} Philip John Weber
| asst_coach =
* {{Flagicon|USA}} Steven Philip John Klei
* {{Flagicon|IND}} Sebastian Padipurakkal Joseph
* {{Flagicon|IND}} Baskar Sappaniambalam
| otherlegend =
* '''(C)''' Team captain
* '''(NP)''' Naturalized player
* '''Club''' – describes last club before the tournament
* '''Age''' – describes age on 8 August 2017
}}
{{hidden end}}

[[2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification]]
{{hidden begin|toggle=left|title=2019 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification}}
{{FIBA roster header|team=India men's national basketball team
| color1 = blue | bg1 = #FFA500 | color2 = white | bg2 = blue}}
{{FIBA player | pos = SF | num = 4 | name = Arshpreet Bhullar | year = 1996 | month = 10 | date = 2 | m = 1.90 | club = Pune Peshwas | compyear = 2018| compmonth = 11 | compdate = 23 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = PG | num = 23
| name = Shahab Jamal | year = 1995| month = 9 | date = 25 | m = 1.85 | club = Pune Peshwas | compyear = 2017| compmonth = 4 | compdate = 9 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = PF | num = 6 | name = Aravind Annadurai | year = 1993 | month = 7 | date = 5 | m = 2.00 | clublink = Indian Overseas Bank | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 11 | compdate = 23 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 10 | name = Amritpal Singh | dab = basketball | year = 1991 | month = 1 | date = 5 | m = 2.08 | club = Sydney Kings | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 11 | compdate = 23 | nat = AUS }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 13 | name = Jagdeep Singh | dab = basketball | year = 1986 | month = 1 | date = 10 | m = 1.98 | club = Punjab Police Jalandhar | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 11 | compdate = 23 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 15 | name = Rikin Pethani | year = 1990 | month = 12 | date = 2 | m = 2.03 | club = Chennai Slam | compyear = 2018 | compmonth = 11 | compdate = 23 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 25 | name = Arvind Arumugam | year = 1991 | month = 1 | date = 28 | m = 1.99 | clublink = Vijaya Bank | compyear = 2018 | compmonth = 11 | compdate = 23 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F/C | num = 40 | name = Gurvinder Gill | year = 1996 | month = 1 | date = 21 | m = 2.00 | club = Punjab Steelers | compyear = 2018 | compmonth = 11 | compdate = 23 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = G/F | num = 46 | name = Prasanna Sivakumar | year = 1992 | month = 9 | date = 25 | m = 1.86 | club = | compyear = 2017 | compmonth = 11 | compdate = 23 | nat = }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 52 | name = Satnam Singh Bhamara | year = 1995 | month = 10 | date = 12 | m = 2.18 | club =Texas Legends | compyear = 2018 | compmonth = 11 | compdate = 23 | nat =USA }}
{{FIBA player | pos = | num = 60 | name = Prudhvishwar Ambati | year = 1996 | month = 1 | date = 23 | m = | club = | compyear = 2018 | compmonth = 11 | compdate = 23 | nat = IND }}


{{FIBA roster footer
| head_coach =
* {{Flagicon|SER}} [[Zoran Višić]]
| asst_coach =
* {{Flagicon|IND}} Sambhaji Kadam
| otherlegend =
* '''(C)''' Team captain
* '''Club''' – describes last club before the tournament
* '''Age''' – describes age on 23 November 2017
}}
{{hidden end}}

[[2022 FIBA Asia Cup qualification]]
{{hidden begin|toggle=left|title=2022 FIBA Asia Cup qualification}}
{{FIBA roster header | team=India national basketball team – 2021 FIBA Asia Cup qualification | color1 = blue | bg1 = #FFA500 | color2 = white | bg2 = blue}}


{{FIBA player | pos = PG | num = 1 | first = Sahaij | last= Sekhon | year = 2001 | month = 9 | date = 1 | df = y | m = 1.94 | club =GGDSD College | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = PG | num = 4 | first = Joginder | last = Singh | dab = basketball | year = 1988 | month = 5 | date = 27 | df = y | m = 1.75 | clublink =[[Services (basketball)|Services]] | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 7 | first = Muin Bek | last = Hafeez | year = 1996 | month = 3 | date = 16 | df = y | m =1.90 | club =Indian Bank Chennai BC | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = G | num = 9 | first = Vishesh | last = Bhriguvanshi | year = 1991 | month = 9 | date = 13 | df = y | m = 1.92 | clublink =[[Oil and Natural Gas Corporation|ONGC]] | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND | note = C }}
{{FIBA player | pos = SG | num = 10 | first = Rajeev | last = Kumar | dab = basketball | year = 2001 | month = 10 | date = 6 | df = y | m =1.90 | club =Indian Air Force | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 11 | first = Manoj | last = Manjunatha | year = 2003 | month = 4 | date = 30 | df = y | m =1.99 | club = | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 15 | first = Jagdeep | last = Singh | dab = basketball |year = 1986 | month = 1 | date = 10 | df = y | m = 1.98 | clublink =[[Punjab Police (India)|Punjab Police]] | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = PF | num = 18 | first = Aravind | last = Annadurai | year = 1993 | month = 7 | date = 5 | df = y | m =2.00 | clublink =[[Karnataka (basketball)|Karnataka]] | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 22 | first = Amjyot | last = Gill | year = 1992 | month = 1 | date = 27 | df = y | m = 2.03 | clublink =[[Punjab Police (India)|Punjab Police]] | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = F | num = 23 | first = Amaan | last = Sandhu | year = 2002 | month = 12 | date = 8 | df = y | m =2.03 | clublink =[[Punjab (basketball)|Punjab]] | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = C | num = 77 | first = Vivek | last= Goti | year = 1994 | month = 7 | date = 5 | df = y | m = 2.10 | clublink =[[Gujarat (basketball)|Gujarat]] | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}
{{FIBA player | pos = PF | num = 78 | first = Prashant Singh | last= Rawat | year = 2000 | month = 8 | date = 15 | df = y | m = 2.02 | clublink =[[Uttarakhand (basketball)|Uttarakhand]] | compyear = 2021 | compmonth = 2 | compdate = 21 | nat = IND }}


{{FIBA roster footer
| head_coach =
* {{Flagicon|SRB}} [[Veselin Matić]]
| asst_coach =
* {{Flagicon|IND}} [[Pradeep Tomar]]
| otherlegend =
* '''(C)''' Team captain
*'''Club''' – describes last club before the tournament
* '''Age''' – describes age on 21 February 2021
}}
{{hidden end}}

==See also==
*[[Basketball Federation of India]]
*[[Basketball in India]]
*[[India women's national basketball team]]
*[[India national under-19 basketball team]]
*[[India national under-17 basketball team]]
*[[India national 3x3 team]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.basketballfederationindia.org/ Official website]
*[http://www.fiba.basketball/federation/India FIBA profile]
*[http://fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//tid/301/_//teams.html India Basketball Records] at FIBA Archive
*[https://www.asia-basket.com/India/basketball-National-Team.aspx Asia-basket - India Men National Team]
*[https://www.facebook.com/indianbasketball/ Presentation on Facebook]

===Videos===
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I82fdwTYomU India v Japan - Group B - Game Highlights - 2015 FIBA Asia Championship] Youtube.com video

{{Basketball in India}}
{{National sports teams of India}}
{{FIBA Asia}}
{{India Men Basketball Squad 1980 Summer Olympics}}

[[Category:India national basketball team| ]]
[[Category:Men's national basketball teams]]
[[Category:1936 establishments in India]]
[[Category:National sports teams of India|Basketball]]

Royal Challengers Bangalore

2023-09-30T10:32:09Z

Politburo: /* Administration and support staff */

{{Short description|Bangalore based franchise in the Indian Premier League}}

{{Use Indian English|date=May 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{about|the men's team|the women's team|Royal Challengers Bangalore (WPL)}}
{{Infobox cricket team
| name = Royal Challengers Bangalore
| alt_name =
| image = Royal Challengers Bangalore 2020.svg
| alt =
| league = [[Indian Premier League]]
| captain = [[Faf du Plessis]]
| coach = [[Andy Flower]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Andy Flower takes over as head coach at Royal Challengers Bangalore |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-rcb-andy-flower-takes-over-as-head-coach-mike-hesson-and-sanjay-bangar-leave-1390794|access-date=4 August 2023 |work=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref>
| city = [[Bengaluru]], [[Karnataka]], India
| owner = [[United Spirits]]<ref>{{cite news |title=IPL 2019: Meet the owners of the 8 teams taking the field in season 12 |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/trends/sports-trends/ipl-2019-meet-the-owners-of-the-8-teams-taking-the-field-in-season-12-2542331.html |access-date=15 August 2019 |work=Moneycontrol}}</ref>
| founded = {{Start date and age|2008}}
| dissolved =
| ground = [[M. Chinnaswamy Stadium]]
| title1 =
| website = {{url|https://royalchallengers.com/|Club Website}}
| current = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2023]]

| h_pattern_la = _blackborder
| h_pattern_b = _rcb22
| h_pattern_ra = _blackborder
| h_pattern_pants =
| h_leftarm = 000000
| h_body = FF0000
| h_rightarm = 000000
| h_pants = FF0000
| h_title = Regular [[Cricket clothing and equipment|kit]]
| t_pattern_la = _blackborder
| t_pattern_b = _rcb22gogreeninitiative
| t_pattern_ra = _blackborder
| t_pattern_pants =
| t_leftarm = 000000
| t_body = 00FF00
| t_rightarm = 000000
| t_pants = 00FF00
| t_title = Go Green Initiative [[Cricket clothing and equipment|kit]]
}}
{{Season sidebar
| title = Seasons
| list =
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2008|2008]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2009|2009]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2010|2010]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2011|2011]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2012|2012]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2013|2013]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2014|2014]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2015|2015]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2016|2016]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2017|2017]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2018|2018]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2019|2019]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2020|2020]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2021|2021]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2022|2022]]
* [[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2023|2023]]
}}

'''Royal Challengers Bangalore''' (often abbreviated as '''RCB''') are  a professional franchise [[cricket team]] based in [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]], [[Karnataka]], that plays in the [[Indian Premier League]] (IPL). It was founded in 2008 by [[United Spirits]] and named after the company's liquor brand [[Royal Challenge]].

The Royal Challengers have not won the IPL but finished runner-up on three occasions between 2009 and 2016. The team holds the records of both the highest and the lowest totals in the IPL – 263/5 and 49 respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/highest_innings_totals.html?class=6;id=4340;type=team|title=Highest team totals in IPL|work=ESPN Cricinfo|access-date=13 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/lowest_innings_totals.html?class=6;id=4340;type=team|title=Lowest team totals in IPL|work=ESPN Cricinfo|access-date=13 September 2021}}</ref>

==Franchise history==
In September 2007, the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] (BCCI) announced the establishment of the Indian Premier League, a [[Twenty20]] competition to be started in 2008.<ref>{{cite web |date=13 September 2007 |title=Franchises for board's new Twenty20 league |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/franchises-for-board-s-new-twenty20-league-310819 |access-date=6 June 2013 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> The teams for the competition, representing 8 different cities of [[India]], including Bangalore, were put up on auction in [[Mumbai]] on 20 February 2008. The Bangalore franchise was purchased by [[Vijay Mallya]], who paid {{USD}}111.6 million for it. This was the second highest bid for a team, next only to [[Reliance Industries]]' bid of {{USD}}111.9 million for the [[Mumbai Indians]].

The brand value of Royal Challengers Bangalore was estimated to be {{INRConvert|595|c|lk=on}} in 2019, according to a survey conducted by [[Duff & Phelps]].<ref>{{cite web |title=IPL: RCB, KKR lose brand value; windfall for MI |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ipl-brand-value-kkr-rcb-mi-csk-kohli/article29456571.ece |date= 19 September 2019 |website=Sportstar |access-date=25 February 2020}}</ref>

==Team history==

===2008–2010: Initial seasons===
Kohli-Amrish Reddy Batting
{{Main|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2008|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2009|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2010|l2=2009|l3=2010}}
[[File:Rahul dravid Bangalore Royal Challengers (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Rahul Dravid]] was the team's icon player in 2008.]]
Ahead of the 2008 player auction, the IPL named [[Rahul Dravid]] as the [[icon player]] for the Bangalore franchise, which meant that Dravid would be paid 15% more than the highest bid player at the auction. The franchise acquired a number of Indian and international players at the auction such as [[Jacques Kallis]], [[Anil Kumble]], [[Zaheer Khan]], [[Mark Boucher]], [[Dale Steyn]] and [[Cameron White]]. They also signed up [[Ross Taylor]], [[Misbah-ul-Haq]] and India under-19 World Cup winning captain [[Virat Kohli]] in the second round of auction. The team won only 4 of the 14 matches in the inaugural season, finishing seventh in the eight-team table. Only Dravid managed to score more than 300 runs in the tournament and they had to even bench their costliest foreign player Kallis for a few of the matches due to his poor form.<ref name="mruns">{{cite web|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/ipl/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=3519;type=tournament|work=Cricinfo.com|title=Most Runs, Indian Premier League, 2007/08|access-date=30 May 2007}}</ref><ref name="benc">{{cite web|url=http://content-www.cricinfo.com/ipl/content/story/350817.html|title=Bangalore's wretched summer continues|access-date=30 May 2007|work=Cricinfo.com}}</ref>

The string of failures midway through the season led to the sacking of the CEO [[Charu Sharma]], who was replaced with [[Brijesh Patel]].<ref name="sack">{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ipl/content/story/350735.html|work=Cricinfo.com|title=Biggest mistake was to abstain from selection – Mallya|access-date=23 May 2008|date=11 May 2008}}</ref> Team owner [[Vijay Mallya]] went on to publicly criticize Dravid and Sharma for the players selected by them at the auction and stated that his "biggest mistake was to abstain from the selection of the team."<ref name="sack"/> Eventually the chief cricketing officer [[Martin Crowe]] resigned.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ipl/content/story/347845.html | title=A Test team in Twenty20 clothes | date=28 April 2008}}</ref>

At the 2009 player auction, the franchise signed up [[Kevin Pietersen]] for a record sum of {{USD}}1.55 million, making him the joint costliest player, along with fellow Englishman [[Andrew Flintoff]] who was signed up by the [[Chennai Super Kings]] for the same amount. They also traded Zaheer Khan for [[Robin Uthappa]] with the [[Mumbai Indians]] and also roped in local batsman [[Manish Pandey]] from them. Ahead of the tournament, which was shifted to South Africa due to the general elections, the Royal Challengers named Pietersen as the team captain for the season. Bangalore continued to struggle during the initial games of the 2009 season, winning only two of their first six games under the new captain. However, the team's fortunes improved after Pietersen left for national duty and Kumble took over the captaincy, as the team went on to win six of their remaining eight league games to finish third on the points table. The team qualified for the semifinal where they faced the Super Kings. Electing to field first, Bangalore restricted their opponents to 146 and chased down the total with 5 wickets in hand, thanks to 48 and 44 by Pandey and Dravid respectively. In the final against [[Deccan Chargers]], the Royal Challengers bowlers, led by Kumble's 4 for 16, kept the Chargers down to 143/6. However, they struggled in the runchase, with only four batsmen reaching double figures, and lost the match by six runs in a tense finish.{{citation needed|date=September 2022}}

[[File:Ross Taylor - october 2009.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ross Taylor]] was one of the top performers for RCB in 2009 and 2010.|227x227px]]
In 2010, the Royal Challengers continued under Kumble's captaincy and finished the regular season with seven wins from 14 matches and 14 points. They were one of the four teams tied on 14 points with two semifinal spots at stake; they qualified for the semifinal as their net run rate was superior to those of the [[Delhi Daredevils]] and the [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]. In the semifinal, the Royal Challengers were defeated by the table-toppers Mumbai Indians by 35 runs. With a convincing nine-wicket win over defending champions Deccan Chargers in the third-place playoff, the Royal Challengers qualified for the [[2010 Champions League Twenty20]]. Kumble retired at the conclusion of the Champions League, having led the team to the semifinals of both the IPL and the CLT20 that year.{{citation needed|date=September 2022}}

===2011–2012: IPL and champions league Finals===
{{Main|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2011|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2012||l2 = 2012|l3 = }}

On 8 January 2011, the IPL Governing Council held the auction for the fourth season of the league. The franchises had the option of retaining a maximum of four players for a sum of US$4.5 million. However, Royal Challengers retained only one of their players, [[Virat Kohli]], leaving the rest of the players back in the auction pool. When other IPL franchises let go the non-performers from each of their teams, RCB lost the top performers from the previous season by releasing them back to the auction pool.
On Day-One of the auction, Bangalore bought Sri Lankan [[Tillakaratne Dilshan]] for $650,000, their former player and Mumbai Indians spearhead [[Zaheer Khan]] for $900,000, ace middle order batsman [[AB de Villiers]] for $1.1 million, former New Zealand skipper [[Daniel Vettori]] for $550,000, India's new sensation, who played with Mumbai Indians until last season, [[Saurabh Tiwary]] for a whopping $1.6 million, Australia's [[Dirk Nannes]] for $650,000 and India's young talent [[Cheteshwar Pujara]] for $700,000. West Indian batsman [[Chris Gayle]] was brought in as a replacement for the injured [[Dirk Nannes]] in the middle of the tournament. Vettori led the side for the fourth season of the IPL.

RCB kicked off their campaign with a comfortable six-wicket win over the newly formed team, [[Kochi Tuskers Kerala]]. But then, they suffered three big defeats at the hands of [[Mumbai Indians]], [[Deccan Chargers]] and [[Chennai Super Kings]]. At this stage, speedster [[Dirk Nannes]] was ruled out of the tournament and the RCB team management named West Indian opener [[Chris Gayle]] as his replacement. Gayle started off the tournament with a century (102* off 55 balls) against [[Kolkata Knight Riders]], giving the Challengers an emphatic 9-wicket win. RCB also managed to beat [[Delhi Daredevils]] and [[Pune Warriors]] in their next two matches. They went on to beat [[Kings XI Punjab]] by a big margin of 85 runs, after Gayle smashed his second century of the tournament (107 off 49 balls). They won their next two matches against [[Kochi Tuskers Kerala|Kochi]] and [[Rajasthan Royals]], both comprehensively by 9 wickets. They also defeated [[Kolkata Knight Riders|Kolkata]] in a rain-affected match at Bangalore. But then, [[Kings XI Punjab]], riding on a blistering hundred by their skipper [[Adam Gilchrist]], ended RCB's 7-match winning streak, with a huge 111-run margin win. In their last league match, the Challengers beat the defending champions [[Chennai Super Kings]] by 8 wickets to end at the top of the points table. Chris Gayle, shining once again with the bat, scored an unbeaten 75 off 50 balls.

Royal Challengers faced [[Chennai Super Kings]] in the 1st qualifier at Mumbai. [[Virat Kohli]] scored an unbeaten 70 off just 44 balls to help RCB put up 175/4 in their 20 overs. Despite losing early wickets, Chennai went on to win the match by 6 wickets. The win took Chennai to the final and RCB faced [[Mumbai Indians]] in the 2nd qualifier in Chennai. Batting first, Royal Challengers made a massive 185/4 in 20 overs on a slow Chepauk track. Chris Gayle was the star once again for them as he scored a blistering 89 runs off 47 balls. Mumbai never looked in the hunt for a win as they collapsed to a 43-run defeat. The Royal Challengers qualified for the final with this win and went on to face Chennai at their home ground in the final. Winning the toss, Chennai elected to bat first in the final. The Super Kings posted a huge total of 205/5. The Challengers did not bat well and lost the match by 58 runs. [[Chris Gayle]] was named Man of the Tournament and Bangalore set a new IPL record for the most successive wins by winning 7 matches on the trot.

Royal Challengers Bangalore qualified for the main event of the 2011 Champions League Twenty20 as they finished runners-up in the [[2011 Indian Premier League]], this made the Challengers the first and only team ever to play in all the three seasons of the tournament. The Challengers, placed in Group B in the first round of the tournament, kicked off their quest for glory with a last-ball defeat to the [[Warriors cricket team|Warriors]]. They suffered a big 9-wicket defeat at the hands of the IPL counterparts [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] in their second group match, leaving them with two must-win matches in order to qualify for the semi-finals. They registered their first win in the competition, in an emphatic manner, by beating [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] by 51 runs, thanks to [[Chris Gayle]]'s 46-ball 86. The win also consolidated their poor net run-rate. In their last group match, they faced the champions from Australia, the [[Southern Redbacks]]. Batting first, the Redbacks rode on a century by [[Daniel Harris (cricketer)|Daniel Harris]] (108* from 61 balls) to set RCB a target of 215. The Royal Challengers came out with a spirited batting performance with [[Tillakaratne Dilshan]] and [[Virat Kohli]] scoring half-centuries. However, the Redbacks hampered the run-chase by picking up wickets at regular stages towards the end of the innings. With six runs required off the last ball to win the match, RCB found an unlikely-hero in [[Arun Karthik]], who struck [[Daniel Christian]] for a six over deep mid-wicket, to take RCB through to the semi-finals. The Challengers, despite being level on points with [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] and [[Warriors cricket team|Warriors]], qualified for the semi-finals on basis of having a better net run-rate than the two teams.

The Royal Challengers played the [[New South Wales cricket team|New South Wales Blues]] in the semi-finals of the tournament. Winning the toss, [[Daniel Vettori]] put the Blues in to bat and the decision seemed to backfire as the Blues amassed 203/2 in 20 overs, mainly due to the efforts of [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] who struck an unbeaten 123 off just 68 balls. Despite losing [[Tillakaratne Dilshan|Dilshan]] early in the chase, RCB got off to a rollicking start with [[Chris Gayle]] smashing 92 runs from only 41 deliveries. He was ably supported by [[Virat Kohli|Kohli]], who struck an unbeaten 84 from 49 balls to give RCB a comfortable 6-wicket victory with 9 balls to spare. They took on an injury-hit [[Mumbai Indians]] in the final at [[Chennai]]. Mumbai winning the toss, chose to bat and put up a modest total of 139 in 20 overs. After getting off to a blistering start with the bat, the Challengers lost wickets at regular intervals before getting bundled out for 108 in 19.2 overs, falling short of the target by 31 runs. Mumbai skipper [[Harbhajan Singh]] was awarded the Man of the Match for picking 3/20 in his four overs.

In the pre-season transfer window, Royal Challengers Bangalore transferred Australian all-rounder [[Andrew McDonald (cricketer)|Andrew McDonald]] from Delhi Daredevils. RCB paid US$100,000 as transferred fees. Royal Challengers Bangalore also retained Chris Gayle for the next two IPL seasons.

Before the 2012 auction, RCB had got Andrew McDonald transferred from [[Delhi Daredevils]]. They had also bought out the contracts of [[Johan Van der Wath]], [[Jonathan Vandiar]] and [[Nuwan Pradeep]]. In the auction, RCB bought only Vinay Kumar for $1 million and Muttiah Muralitharan for $220,200.

Royal Challengers Bangalore began the 2012 IPL without the services of talisman Chris Gayle who had arrived in India, carrying a groin injury he had sustained in the preceding Bangladesh Premier League. Sreenath Aravind, RCB's most
successful bowler in 2011 too was laid low by injury and Harshal Patel emerged as the preferred third seamer in the side
ahead of Abhimanyu Mithun. AB de Villiers and Muttiah Muralitharan gave the team a winning start against Delhi but 3 consecutive losses followed. The team rallied back, Chris Gayle finding his touch to hit 5 consecutive sixes off
Rahul Sharma and Saurabh Tiwary hitting a six off the last ball to win the team a tight chase against Pune. Gayle shone
again at Mohali in a comprehensive win while de Villiers, Tillakaratne Dilshan and KP Appanna engineered another win in
Jaipur. A washed out match at Bangalore against Chennai denied the team a chance at gaining 2 points outright, the teams sharing
points 1-1 each. Two subsequent losses put RCB in competition with Rajasthan Royals, Chennai Super Kings and Kings XI
Punjab for the last play-offs slot. Daniel Vettori benched himself so the team could play Muttiah Muralitharan as one of the four foreigners allowed in the
playing XI, Virat Kohli taking up the captaincy duties. The team signed Prasanth Parameswaran, who played for Kochi Tuskers
Kerala in the 2011 IPL, as a replacement for the injured Sreenath Aravind. A spectacular chase against Deccan Chargers at Bangalore and two routs in Mumbai and Pune put the team back on track for a
place in the play-offs. RCB went down to Mumbai in a hard-fought match at Bangalore but bounced back in Delhi as Chris
Gayle became the first man to hit 3 centuries in the IPL, hitting 128* at Delhi.

Other results in the tournament now placed RCB in direct competition with Chennai for the final play-offs slot. The teams
were tied on points with Chennai ahead on net run-rate but RCB had a game in hand while Chennai had played out their
games. A batting failure at Hyderabad in RCB's final game of the season led to the end of the team's 2012 campaign, making
it the first time since 2009 that they failed to qualify for both the play-offs and the Champions League Twenty20. Chris Gayle was the highest run scorer of the tournament for the second year in a row, scoring 733 runs at 61.08 with 7
fifties, 1 hundred and a strike rate of 160.74. Vinay Kumar finished as the 5th highest wicket taker of the tournament
with his 19 wickets from 17 matches.

=== 2013-2015: Kohli captaincy and intermediate seasons ===
{{Main|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2013|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2014|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2015|l2 = 2014|l3 = 2015}}
Before the 2013 auction, RCB released [[Mohammad Kaif]], [[Charl Langeveldt]], [[Dirk Nannes]], [[Luke Pomersbach]] and [[Rilee Rossouw]]. At the auction, RCB bought [[Christopher Barnwell]], [[Daniel Christian]], [[Moisés Henriques]], [[Ravi Rampaul]], [[Pankaj Singh (cricketer)|Pankaj Singh]], [[R. P. Singh]] and [[Jaydev Unadkat]].
RCB kicked off their 2013 campaign by winning their first 6 home games, starting with a 2-run win over Mumbai Indians where Chris Gayle scored 92* off 58 balls and Vinay Kumar picking up 3 wickets.
But they suffered a super-over defeat to the newly formed Sunrisers Hyderabad but then they beat the same opponents convincingly by 6 wickets where Virat Kohli smashed a brilliant 93*. They also beat Kolkata Knight Riders by 8 wickets. Gayle and Kohli were in a tremendous form with the bat while Vinay Kumar was the hero with the ball. RCB suffered a shock in the next match against Chennai Super Kings where R. P. Singh conceded a no-ball on the last ball of the match which was a catch. However, the team rallied back to win their next 3 games. One of the matches against Pune Warriors India saw Chris Gayle smash 175 off just 66 balls which was the highest individual score in T20 cricket and RCB put up 263-5 which was the highest total in T20 cricket. Pune never fought back in the chase and eventually lost the match by 130 runs. People often nicknamed Bangalore as "Ban-gayle-ore". However, the team began to lose matches away from home. One of the matches against Punjab saw David Miller score 101 off just 38 balls to guide Punjab to an unlikely victory. RCB only managed to beat Pune Warriors India and Delhi Daredevils away from home. They were now in direct competition with Sunrisers Hyderabad with 16 points from 13 matches who were also with 16 points from 13 matches. A batting failure against Kolkata and a poor fielding and bowling performance against Punjab at Bangalore left RCB in a do or die situation in their last league match against Chennai Super Kings at Bangalore. Fortunately, RCB registered a stunning win in their last match which was affected by rain. Now, RCB could only qualify for the playoffs if Kolkata would beat Hyderabad. Unfortunately, Sunrisers Hyderabad won the match convincingly by 5 wickets which ended RCB's 2013 campaign. Chris Gayle was the leading run scorer for the team, scoring 708 runs and Vinay Kumar was the leading wicket taker by taking 22 wickets.

[[Virat Kohli]] was named the captain of RCB team. Before the 2014 auction, [[Ab de Villiers|AB de Villiers]], [[Chris Gayle]] and [[Virat Kohli]] were retained from the previous seasons. The players bought in the 2014 auctions were [[Albie Morkel]], [[Mitchell Starc]], [[Ravi Rampaul]], [[Parthiv Patel]], [[Ashok Dinda]], [[Muttiah Muralitharan]], [[Nic Maddinson]], [[Harshal Patel]], [[Varun Aaron]], [[Vijay Zol]] and [[Yuvraj Singh]] who was the most expensive player fetching a massive ₹14 crore. They ended up 7th in the points table and didn't qualify for the playoffs in the 2014 IPL.

RCB retained [[Virat Kohli]], [[AB de Villiers]], [[Chris Gayle]], [[Mitchell Starc]], [[Ashok Dinda]], [[Varun Aaron]], [[Harshal Patel]], [[Yuzvendra Chahal]], [[Nic Maddinson]], [[Rilee Rossouw]], [[Abu Nechim]], [[Yogesh Takawale]], [[Vijay Zol]] and [[Sandeep Warrier]] for the [[2015 Indian Premier League]]. They also bought [[Manvinder Bisla]] and [[Iqbal Abdulla]] from [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] and [[Mandeep Singh]] from [[Kings XI Punjab]] during the Transfer Window. They bought [[Darren Sammy]], [[David Wiese]], [[Adam Milne]], [[Sean Abbott]], [[Subramaniam Badrinath]], [[Jalaj Saxena]], [[Sarfaraz Khan (cricketer)|Sarfaraz Khan]] and [[Dinesh Karthik]] for {{INRConvert|10.5|c}} from the 2015 Player Auctions.

Royal Challengers Bangalore started their season with an unconvincing win against KKR at Kolkata, supported by a knock of 96 by Chris Gayle. But they lost their next three matches in Bangalore to SRH, MI, and CSK. Two great bowling performances ensured RCB secured dominant wins against RR and DD, winning by 9 wickets and 10 wickets respectively. Their next match against RR got washed out after a strong batting performance from RCB. They lost a close match to CSK, but recovered by crushing Kings XI Punjab by 138 runs, supported by a century by Chris Gayle, and a four-wicket haul for Sreenath Aravind and Mitchell Starc. Royal Challengers' good form continued when AB de Villiers and Virat Kohli smashed the highest T20 partnership ever (later beaten by the same pair in IPL 2016) against Mumbai Indians, to secure a good win. Later, RCB lost to Kings XI Punjab in a rain affected match, putting their playoff qualification in doubt. They faced SRH in the next match, again affected by rain. Amidst a lot of drama, and stunning performances from Virat Kohli and Gayle, RCB won an unlikely match in Hyderabad. Now, the only way they could be out of the playoffs became very unlikely, yet possible. RCB lost their chance to be placed second in the points table after rain washed out their final match against DD.

They ended the league stage at the third position, with 7 wins from 14 matches. On 20 May, they faced the [[Rajasthan Royals]] in the Eliminator and earned a spot in Qualifier 2. However, they lost to the [[Chennai Super Kings]] in the Qualifier 2, and ended the season finishing third. AB de Villiers, Virat Kohli and Chris Gayle ended by being the 4th, 5th and 6th highest run scorers of the season respectively, while Yuzvendra Chahal was RCB's highest wicket taker, being the 3rd highest in the season.

=== 2016: Dream Season ===
{{Main|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2016}}
[[File:Virat Kohli at the 2015 IPL opening ceremony (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Virat Kohli]] set the record for most runs (973) in an IPL season in 2016.]]
In light of financial scandals involving owner/chairman Vijay Mallya, Amrit Thomas became the chairman of the Royal Challengers. RCB changed the team logo and also became the first team in IPL to adopt different jerseys for home and away matches. [[Virat Kohli]], [[AB de Villiers]], [[Chris Gayle]], [[Mitchell Starc]], [[David Wiese]], [[Adam Milne]], [[Varun Aaron]], [[Mandeep Singh]], [[Harshal Patel]], [[Kedar Jadhav]], [[Sarfaraz Khan (cricketer)|Sarfaraz Khan]], [[Sreenath Aravind]], [[Yuzvendra Chahal]], and [[Abu Nechim]] were retained by RCB for the [[2016 Indian Premier League]]. From player auctions, they bought [[Shane Watson]] for {{INRConvert|9.5|c}}, [[Kane Richardson]] and [[Stuart Binny]] for ₹2 crore each, and [[Travis Head]] and [[Samuel Badree]] for ₹50 lakhs each. Other players that joined the team were [[Sachin Baby]], [[Iqbal Abdulla]], [[Praveen Dubey]], [[Akshay Karnewar]], [[Vikramjeet Malik]] and [[Vikas Tokas]]. [[KL Rahul]] and [[Parvez Rasool]] also joined RCB for the IPL 2016 edition.

Royal Challengers Bangalore started their season with a blitz from AB de Villiers and Virat Kohli against SRH at Bangalore, to comfortably win their first match. A bludgeoning century from Quinton de Kock meant RCB lost their second match of the season. Their form deteriorated in the coming matches, winning only one match of the next five. Although, Virat Kohli and AB de Villier's brilliant form, along with the emergence of KL Rahul as an important member of RCB's batting, were positive points. Royal Challengers needed to win at least 6 of their next seven matches to have a chance at qualifying for the playoffs. They won matches against KXIP and Rising Pune Supergiant, the new entrant in the tournament. But a loss against Mumbai Indians meant they needed 4 wins in 4 matches to qualify. Since then, Virat Kohli found himself in a sublime form, with captaincy and the bat. RCB most notably defeated the Gujarat Lions by 144 runs, the highest margin in the IPL history, during this 4 match winning streak. Through other match results, RCB ended at an unlikely second position at the end of the league stage. Virat Kohli dominated the run-scoring list, while Shane Watson and Yuzvendra Chahal collectively topped the wicket taking list at the end of the league stage. They faced the Gujarat Lions in the Qualifier 1 at their home ground, the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium. They won by 4 wickets to make it to their third final in nine seasons. They played the final against SRH, again in Bangalore. RCB lost a hard-fought match by 8 runs, to end as runners up in this ninth season of the IPL. This is the third instance of RCB losing the final in the IPL. Yuzvendra Chahal and Shane Watson ended second and third respectively on the list for most wickets. At the launch event of his biography, 'Driven: The Virat Kohli Story' in New Delhi, in October 2016, Kohli discussed how loyalty was important to him and that he planned to never play for another IPL team.<ref>{{cite web|title=Virat Kohli opens up on relationships in his life, calls loyalty as the most important thing|url=http://zeenews.india.com/cricket/virat-kohli-opens-up-on-relationships-in-his-life-calls-loyalty-as-the-most-important-thing_1941652.html|publisher=Zee News|access-date=25 October 2016|date=19 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Virat Kohli says loyalty is the most important thing for him at launch of book about his career|date=19 October 2016 |url=http://www.firstpost.com/sports/virat-kohli-says-loyalty-is-the-most-important-thing-for-him-at-launch-of-book-about-his-career-3061016.html|publisher=Firstpost|access-date=25 October 2016}}</ref>

=== 2017–2019: Bottom-table finishes ===
{{Main|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2017|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2018|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2019|l2 = 2018|l3 = 2019}}
[[Virat Kohli]], [[AB de Villiers]], [[Chris Gayle]], [[Mitchell Starc]], [[Adam Milne]], [[Mandeep Singh]], [[Harshal Patel]], [[Kedar Jadhav]], [[Sarfaraz Khan (cricketer)|Sarfaraz Khan]], [[Sreenath Aravind]], [[Yuzvendra Chahal]], [[Shane Watson]], [[Stuart Binny]], [[Travis Head]], [[Samuel Badree]], [[Sachin Baby]], [[Iqbal Abdulla]], [[Praveen Dubey]] and [[KL Rahul]] were retained by RCB for the [[2017 Indian Premier League]]. From the player auctions, they bought [[Tymal Mills]] for {{INRConvert|12|c}}, [[Aniket Choudhary|Aniket Chaudhary]] for ₹2 crores, Pawan Negi for ₹1 crore and Billy Stanlake for ₹30 lakhs. Mitchell Starc dropped out of the season to prepare for the Champions Trophy which led to the management to replace him with Tymal Mills. The team was the worst hit with injuries as their captain Virat Kohli and AB de Villiers did not play for the initial matches which led to the making of Shane Watson as the interim captain. Even their star players KL Rahul and Sarfaraz Khan were ruled out of the season due to their prolonged injuries.

They lost their first match of the season as they were bundled out by 172 and lost by 35 runs to Sunrisers Hyderabad in Hyderabad. But they won their second match against Delhi Daredevils in their home ground. However, they lost the next three matches in a row against Kings XI Punjab, Mumbai Indians and Rising Pune Supergiant respectively. Though AB de Villiers made a quick fire 89 off 46 balls, RCB lost the match against Kings XI Punjab as the other players made 57 dot balls. The match against Mumbai Indians saw Virat Kohli's comeback with a quick 62 off 47 balls and Samuel Badree becoming the 14th player in the IPL history to claim a hat-trick, but they lost the match as Pollard made 70 off 47 balls to win the match for Mumbai Indians. They lost the match against Rising Pune Supergiant by a massive 27 runs. But in their next game against Gujarat Lions, they won by 20 runs and coincidentally Chris Gayle became the first player to score 10,000 runs in T20s. However, in their next game against Kolkata Knight Riders, on the day when RCB made 263/5 against Pune Warriors India in 2013 which was the highest IPL score, they were bundled out for 49 all out which is the lowest IPL score and also where no batsman could score 10 runs. They kept losing matches consecutively as they could not make high scores and their big guns – Chris Gayle, Virat Kohli and AB de Villiers failing repeatedly. The pitch in M. Chinnaswamy Stadium was changed from a usual batting to the bowling pitch which made the batsmen struggle for runs. They ended up at the bottom of the table and they changed their squad for each match which was the reason for its downfall. However, they finished their miserable season on a high note after winning against Delhi Daredevils by 10 runs in Delhi. They made low scores like 49 all out against Kolkata Knight Riders, 96/9 against Rising Pune Supergiant and 119 all out against Kings XI Punjab.

In the 2018 IPL, RCB ended up 6th in the points table and didn't qualify for the playoffs. Fans of RCB started to use '''ee sala cup namde (this time, cup is ours)''' during 2017, and it became a [[meme]] trending on social media sites since 2018 before and during subsequent IPLs.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://youtube.com/watch?v=N3NJTZ0IFK8 | title=Ee Sala Cup Namde - 1 | RCB | website=[[YouTube]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://metrosaga.com/one-made-kohli-superstar-virat-kohli-records/ | title=If you look at these Virat Kohli records then you will definitely say ee Sala Cup Namde | date=15 June 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2018/mar/22/ee-sala-cup-namde-is-bengalureans-clarion-call-this-ipl-season-1790565.html | title=Ee Sala Cup Namde is Bengalureans clarion call this IPL season }}</ref>

Ahead of the 2019 IPL, Royal Challengers Bangalore spent ₹16.4 crores (US$2.4 million) to buy nine players – Shivam Dube, Shimron Hetmyer, Akshdeep Nath, Prayas Barman, Himmat Singh, Gurkeerat Singh Mann, Heinrich Klaasen, Devdutt Padikkal and Milind Kumar. In-between the tournament, one of the best fast bowlers in the game Dale Steyn joined the squad and was crucial for the team's victories. Unfortunately for RCB, he was ruled out of the tournament after playing 3 matches due to a shoulder injury. Despite their hard efforts, RCB failed yet again to deliver in the group-stages. Out of the 14 games played, they won five, lost eight and tied one. Consequently, they ended at the bottom of the points table for the second time (previously in 2017).

A lot of eyes were laid on the Captain of the team Virat Kohli because he was to lead his country in the upcoming Cricket World Cup, this put a lot of pressure on the captain. In spite of this pressure, Kohli scored a total of 464 runs which included one match winning century and two half centuries, making him the second player to reach the milestone of 5,000 runs in the IPL after Chennai Super Kings' All-rounder Suresh Raina.

Even with RCB's disappointing performance in the season, most of their matches were close encounters and their fans were thoroughly entertained. At the end of the 12th season of the IPL franchise, RCB still remains among the three original teams of the franchise (the other two include Kings XI Punjab and Delhi Capitals) which haven't won the IPL trophy yet.

=== 2020-present: Regain In Form ===
{{main|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2020|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2021|Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2022|l2 = 2021|l3 = 2022}}
Before the start of 2020 IPL, RCB had released many of their players, including Akshdeep Nath, Colin de Grandhomme, Dale Steyn, Heinrich Klassen, Himmat Singh, Kulwant Khejroliya, Marcus Stoinis, Milind Kumar, Nathan Coulter-Nile, Prayas Ray Barman, [[Shimron Hetmyer]], and [[Tim Southee]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cricketaddictor.com/cricket/released-by-royal-challengers-bangalore-marcus-stoinis-slams-sensational-century-in-bbl/|title=Released By Royal Challengers Bangalore, Marcus Stoinis Slams Sensational Century In BBL|date=12 January 2020|website=CricketAddictor|language=en-US|access-date=18 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ipl/ipl-news/ipl-2020-auction-rcb-royal-challengers-bangalore-full-released-retained-players-list-kohli-shivam-dube-total-purse/article30248836.ece|title=IPL 2020: Royal Challengers Bangalore squad and purse left ahead of auction|last=Sportstar|first=Team|website=Sportstar|date=9 December 2019 |language=en|access-date=18 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/sports/ipl-2020-here-s-the-full-list-of-players-released-and-retained-by-rcb-119120401245_1.html|title=IPL 2020: Here's the full list of players released and retained by RCB|last=Team|first=BS Web|date=4 December 2019|work=Business Standard India|access-date=18 January 2020}}</ref> During the [[List of 2020 Indian Premier League personnel changes|IPL auction]], they added [[Aaron Finch]] (₹4.4 crore), [[Chris Morris (cricketer)|Chris Morris]] (₹10 crore), Joshua Philippe ( ₹20 lakh), [[Kane Richardson]] (₹4 crore), Pavan Deshpande (₹20 lakh), Dale Steyn (₹2 crore), Shahbaz Ahamad (₹20 lakh) and [[Isuru Udana]] (₹50 lakh).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/ipl/top-stories/rcb-players-2020-complete-list-of-royal-challengers-bangalore-players-for-ipl-2020/articleshow/72892330.cms|title=RCB Team 2020: Complete list of Royal Challengers Bangalore players for IPL 2020 - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=20 December 2019 |access-date=18 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://crickettimes.com/2020/01/ipl-2020-complete-squad-of-royal-challengers-bangalore-rcb/|title=IPL 2020: Complete squad of Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB)|last=Singh|first=Anirudh|language=en-US|access-date=18 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ak4tsay1.com/ipl-2020-predicted-playing-11-of-royal-challengers-bangalore-rcb/|title=IPL 2020: Strongest Playing XI of Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB)|last=Jagannatha|first=Nesara V.|date=29 December 2019|website=AK4Tsay1 Cricket|language=en-US|access-date=18 January 2020}}</ref> RCB released a new logo and a new jersey ahead of the 2020 season.

RCB qualified for the playoffs of the [[2020 IPL]] for the first time since 2016, but they failed to win the title after losing to Sunrisers Hyderabad in the Eliminator. [[Devdutt Padikkal]] was the team's leading run scorer with 473 runs, followed by [[Virat Kohli]] (466 runs) and [[AB de Villiers]] (454 runs). [[Yuzvendra Chahal]] was the pick of the bowlers with 21 wickets, followed by [[Chris Morris (cricketer)|Chris Morris]] and [[Mohammed Siraj|Mohammad Siraj]] with 11 wickets each.<ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?class=6;id=2020;team=4340;type=year {{bare URL inline|date=April 2023}}</ref>

Before the [[2021 Indian Premier League|2021 IPL season]], RCB released [[Chris Morris (cricketer)|Chris Morris]], [[Aaron Finch]], [[Moeen Ali]], [[Isuru Udana]], [[Dale Steyn]], [[Shivam Dube]], [[Umesh Yadav]], [[Pawan Negi]], [[Gurkeerat Mann]], and [[Parthiv Patel]] (retired).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.iplt20.com/news/228284/ipl-2021-player-retentions-list | title=IPL 2021 Player retentions list }}</ref> During the IPL Auction they added [[Glenn Maxwell]], [[Mohammed Azharuddeen]], [[Sachin Baby]], [[Kyle Jamieson]], [[Srikar Bharat]], [[Rajat Patidar]], [[Dan Christian]], [[Suyash Prabhudessai]], and [[Finn Allen]] to their squad. This was AB de Villiers's last season in the IPL, as he announced his retirement in November 2021.

RCB faced the same fate as they did in the previous season, failing to lift the trophy once again after losing to [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] in the Eliminator. This season saw the rise of [[Harshal Patel]] as the team's breakout player as he finished the season with 32 wickets, equaling the record for [[List of Indian Premier League records and statistics|highest number]] of wickets taken in a season and winning the [[Purple Cap]]. [[Glenn Maxwell]] was the highest run scorer for the team with 513 runs (fifth highest in the season). <ref>https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?class=6&id=2021&team=4340&type=year {{bare URL inline|date=April 2023}}</ref> Virat Kohli achieved the feat of becoming the first ever batter to score 6000 runs in the IPL during the season.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/ipl-2021-virat-kohli-royal-challengers-bangalore-captain-becomes-first-player-to-score-6000-ipl-runs-101618740443458-amp.html | title=Virat Kohli becomes first player to score 6000 IPL runs | date=22 April 2021 }}</ref>

The 2022 season saw some major changes in the team as before the start of the season star batter AB de Villiers announced his retirement in November 2021 and RCB announced a new captain, [[Faf du Plessis]], after former captain Virat Kohli announced his retirement from captaincy following the second leg of 2021 IPL season.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/faf-du-plessis-unveiled-as-rcb-s-new-captain-for-ipl-2022-1305098 | title=Faf du Plessis unveiled as RCB's captain for IPL 2022 }}</ref> They also appointed [[Sanjay Bangar]] as the new head coach.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.royalchallengers.com/rcb-cricket-news/news/royal-challengers-bangalore-appoint-sanjay-bangar-as-head-coach | title=Former India all-rounder Sanjay Bangar to be the head coach of RCB for next two years }}</ref>

Ahead of the IPL Mega Auction, RCB retained [[Virat Kohli]], [[Glenn Maxwell]] and [[Mohammed Siraj|Mohammad Siraj]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.iplt20.com/news/3751/vivo-ipl-2022-player-retention | title=VIVO IPL 2022 Player Retention }}</ref> During the auction they bought [[Shahbaz Ahmed (cricketer)|Shahbaz Ahmed]], [[Wanindu Hasaranga]], [[Harshal Patel]], [[Finn Allen]], [[Faf du Plessis]], [[Mahipal Lomror]], [[David Willey (cricketer)|David Willey]], [[Sherfane Rutherford]], [[Suyash Prabhudessai]], Aneeshwar Gautam, [[Dinesh Karthik]], [[Anuj Rawat]], [[Siddarth Kaul]], [[Akash Deep]], [[Luvnith Sisodia]], [[Karn Sharma]], [[Josh Hazlewood]], [[Jason Behrendorff]], [[Chama Milind]].

The season saw the addition of two new teams making it a 10 team season. RCB finally managed to go past eliminator mark after consecutively losing in the previous two seasons, yet they failed to win the title after they lost to [[Rajasthan Royals]] in the Qualifier 2. The new captain Faf du Plessis ended the season with 468 runs, the highest for the team. The 2022 season was not a fruitful one for Virat Kohli, as he scored only 341 runs at an average of 22.73. [[Wanindu Hasaranga]] was the team's highest wicket taker with 26 wickets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IPL 2022 Stats |url=https://www.iplt20.com/stats/2022 }}</ref>

Ahead of the 2023 season RCB bought [[Reece Topley]], [[Will Jacks]], Rajan Kumar, Avinash Singh, Sonu Yadav, Himanshu Sharma, Manoj Bhadange in the auction.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IPL Auction 2023 |url=https://www.iplt20.com/auction}}</ref>

==Team identity==

===Livery===

[[Vijay Mallya]] wanted to associate one of his top-selling liquor brands, either ''[[McDowell's No.1]]'' or ''[[Royal Challenge]]'' with the team.<ref name="mcd">{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/ET_Cetera/No_1_McDowells_or_Royal_Challenge_to_be_Bangalore_IPL_team_sponsor/articleshow/2729341.cms|title=No. 1 McDowell's or Royal Challenge to be Bangalore IPL team sponsor|author=Shruti Sabharwal|date=25 January 2008|access-date=20 February 2008|work=The Times Of India |location=India}}</ref> The latter was chosen, hence the name.

===Logo===
The logo initially consisted the ''RC'' emblem in yellow on a circular red base with the black text "Royal Challengers Bangalore" in standard format surrounding the circular logo. The ''RC'' crown emblem with the roaring lion placed on the top of the logo was derived from the original ''[[Royal Challenge]]'' logo. No significant changes took place in the design of the logo except for the replacement of colour yellow with gold from 2009. This logo also had a dotted white circle around the ''RC'' emblem. The team also uses an alternate logo for the ''Game for Green'' matches where the green plants surround the logo and the text ''Game for Green'' is placed below the logo. The logo was redesigned in 2016 with the inclusion of black as a secondary color. The lion emblem in the crest was enlarged and the shield was omitted in the new design. In 2020, a new logo was unveiled featuring a bigger lion and the crown returning from the previous logo. The RC emblem was omitted for this crest.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/sports/cricket/royal-challengers-bangalore-unveils-new-logo-804484.html|title=Royal Challengers Bangalore unveils new logo|work=Deccan Herald|date=14 February 2020 |access-date=20 October 2020}}</ref>

===Jersey===
The jersey colors of the team in 2008 were red and golden yellow, the same as the unofficial [[Kannada flag]], with player names printed in white and numbers printed in black in the rear. Yellow was replaced with gold in the future seasons. Starting from 2010, blue was introduced on the apparel as a tertiary colour. The jersey design saw tweaks every season, major being the one for 2014 where blue dominated over gold. From 2014, the player names and numbers were printed in gold. As of 2015, more yellowish shade of gold was used on the jerseys. Black replaced blue as the tertiary colour in 2016. Also from 2016, two versions of the jersey were used, one for home matches and the other for away ones. The kit design remained the same until 2019. The home and away concept was scrapped from 2020 and a darker shade of blue replaced black. A design similar to the previous "home" version of the jersey was adopted for 2020 and 2021. A completely redesigned jersey with the deep blue as a dominant shade with gold accents was used in 2022 while red was seen predominantly on the trousers.

RCB also has a tradition of replacing red with green on the kits for the "Game for Green" matches which occur once a season. In 2020, as a tribute to the COVID-19 frontline workers, a match was played by RCB with sky-blue colour replacing red on the kits.

[[Reebok]] manufactured kits for the team from 2008 to 2014 and Adidas supplied the kits in 2015. Zeven manufactured the kits for the team from 2016 to 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Sports-brand-Zeven-is-official-kit-partner-for-RCB-Sidebar/articleshow/51740731.cms|title=Sports brand Zeven is official kit partner for RCB (Sidebar) - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=26 April 2016}}</ref> [[Wrogn]] manufactured the kits in 2020 while [[Puma (brand)|Puma]] became the official kit manufacturer since 2020.

===Theme song===
The theme song of the team for the 2008 season was ''"Jeetenge Hum Shaan Se"''. The team anthem, ''"Game for More"'' was created for the 2009 season. The music was composed by [[Amit Trivedi]] and written by Anshu Sharma. A new anthem, ''"Here We Go The Royal Challengers"'' was created for the 2013 season and was used till 2015. The anthem ''"Play Bold"'' was composed by [[Salim–Sulaiman]], sung by [[Siddharth Basrur]] and was released in 2016 during the launch of jerseys for the season. For 2017, the same anthem was recomposed and sung by Anand Bhaskar in 6 languages – English, Kannada, Telugu, Bengali, Marathi and Punjabi.

===Ambassadors===
[[Katrina Kaif]] was the brand ambassador for the team in 2008. [[Deepika Padukone]], [[Ramya (actress)|Ramya]], [[Puneeth Rajkumar]], [[Shiva Rajkumar]], [[Upendra (actor)|Upendra]] and [[Ganesh (actor)|Ganesh]] have been the ambassadors for the team in the later seasons.<ref name="bids">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/25/stories/2008012558140100.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080129011742/http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/25/stories/2008012558140100.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 January 2008|date=25 January 2008|title= Mukesh, Mallya top bidders for IPL|access-date=20 February 2008|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai, India}}</ref>

==Kit manufacturers and sponsors==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
!Year
!Kit manufacturers
!Shirt sponsor (front)
!Shirt sponsor (back)
!Chest sponsor
|-
|2008
| rowspan="7" |[[Reebok]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Royal Challenge]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Royal Challenge]]
|[[Reebok]]
|-
|2009
| rowspan="3" |[[Whyte & Mackay]]
|-
|2010
|[[McDowell's No.1]]
|-
|2011
| rowspan="3" |[[McDowell's No.1]]
|[[Royal Challenge]]
|-
|2012
|[[McDowell's No.1]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Royal Challenge]]
|-
|2013
|[[Royal Challenge]]
|-
|2014
| rowspan="2" |[[Huawei]]
| rowspan="4" |[[Kingfisher (beer)|Kingfisher]]
|-
|2015
|[[Adidas]]
|[[Midea Group|Midea]]
|-
|2016
| rowspan="4" |[[Mahesh Bhupathi|Zeven]]
|[[Hero Cycles]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Havells|Lloyd]]
|-
|2017
|[[Gionee]]
|-
|2018
|[[Eros Now]]
|Duraguard Cement
|[[Hewlett-Packard|HP]]
|-
|2019
|[[Wrogn]]
|[[Pillsbury Company|Pillsbury Cookie Cake]]
|[[Valvoline]]
|-
|2020
|[[Wrogn]]
|rowspan="3" |[[Muthoot Pappachan Group|Muthoot Fincorp]]
|rowspan="3" |[[DP World]]
|[[Myntra]]
|-
|2021
|rowspan="3" |[[Puma (brand)|Puma]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Exide Industries|Exide]]
|-
|2022
|-
|2023
|[[Qatar Airways]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=RCB Replica Jersey - RCB Online Store{{!}} RCB Online Store |url=https://royalchallengers.com/product-detail/67 |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=royalchallengers.com |language=en}}</ref>
|KEI
|Happilo
|}

==Rivalries==
Royal Challengers Bangalore have active rivalries with [[Chennai Super Kings]], [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] and [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]].

=== Rivalry with Kolkata Knight Riders ===
The rivalry between Kolkata Knight Riders and Royal Challengers Bangalore is one of the oldest in the IPL. The inaugural match of IPL was played between both the teams in which KKR won by 140 runs due to a 158* off just 73 balls by [[Brendon McCullum]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Full Scorecard of KKR vs RCB 1st match 2007/08 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2007-08-313494/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-1st-match-335982/full-scorecard |access-date=13 April 2021 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

In [[2009 Indian Premier League|IPL 2009]], both teams faced off against each other again in which RCB won both times. In the second time they faced each other, [[Ross Taylor]] scored a blitzkrieg 81* off 33 balls to win it for RCB by six wickets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Full Scorecard of KKR vs RCB 41st match 2009 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2009-374163/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-41st-match-392221/full-scorecard |access-date=13 April 2021 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

In the [[2012 Indian Premier League|2012 edition of IPL]], KKR was at the lower half of the IPL table and needed to win the crucial match against RCB. KKR won the toss and chose to bat first. The skipper [[Gautam Gambhir]] led from the front with 93 (51). In reply, RCB lost wickets at regular intervals, as only [[Chris Gayle]] managed to put up a fight with a score of 86 (58).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Full Scorecard of KKR vs RCB 38th match 2012 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2012-520932/kolkata-knight-riders-vs-royal-challengers-bangalore-38th-match-548344/full-scorecard |access-date=13 April 2021 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref> The next time they met, Gambhir again was the thorn of RCB as he top scored for KKR at a tough pitch, taking KKR to a competitive total of 165. RCB in reply made 129, as [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]] ripped through their lineup with a 4/18 in 4 overs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Full Scorecard of KKR vs RCB 10th match 2012 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2012-520932/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-10th-match-548315/full-scorecard |access-date=13 April 2021 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

In the 2015 IPL edition, RCB and KKR took part in a match reduced due to rain. It was reduced to a 10 over match. RCB won the toss and elected to field. For KKR, [[Andre Russell]] was the top scorer as he scored 45 off just 17 balls as he took them to a score of 111/4 in just 10 overs. [[Mitchell Starc]] took one wicket for 15 runs in 2 overs. In reply, RCB were at 0–48 at 3.4 overs before [[Brad Hogg]] got Chris Gayle out. After that, RCB stuttered and started to collapse as they were reduced to 3–81 in 7.2 overs. When [[Virat Kohli]] got out to Andre Russell, the match looked to be over for RCB. However, [[Mandeep Singh]] scored 45 off just 18 balls hitting 3 sixes and 4 fours.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=RCB beat KKR RCB won by 7 wickets (with 2 balls remaining) - KKR vs RCB, Pepsi Indian Premier League, 33rd match Match Summary, Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/pepsi-indian-premier-league-2015-791129/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-33rd-match-829771/live-cricket-score |access-date=20 April 2021 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

In the 2017 IPL edition, Kolkata Knight Riders and Royal Challengers Bangalore locked horns with one another again. In the first match between them, RCB got KKR put for a score of 131 after KKR got off to a strong start of 0–48 in 3.3 overs. However, KKR reduced RCB to 49/9 before getting the final wicket, resulting in RCB getting the lowest score in the history of IPL – 49 all out. [[Nathan Coulter-Nile|Nathan Coulter Nile]], [[Colin de Grandhomme]] and [[Chris Woakes]] got three wickets each.<ref name=":0" /> In the next time they faced, [[Sunil Narine]] scored the fastest fifty of IPL then and the second fastest now (50 off 15 balls). KKR made [[List of Indian Premier League records and statistics|the highest score made in powerplay in any IPL match]], and chased down the target offered by RCB easily.<ref name=":0" />

The [[2019 Indian Premier League|2019 IPL]] saw Virat Kohli scoring 84 off 49 and [[AB de Villiers]] scoring 63 off 32, taking RCB to a total of 205/3. KKR had a strong start scoring 28/0 in 1.3 overs before losing wickets at regular intervals and having their run rate reduced. They were 139/4 in 15.5 overs. [[Dinesh Karthik]] and Andre Russell however brought back the chase on control. Karthik got out scoring 19 off 15, leaving KKR at 153/5 in 17 overs. Andre Russell, however, took KKR over the line as he scored 48 off 13, hitting [[Mohammed Siraj]] for 23 runs in one over.<ref name=":0" />

In the next match, RCB struck back as Virat Kohli made his 5th IPL century scoring 100 runs in 58 balls only. [[Moeen Ali]] scored 66 runs in only 28 balls as RCB scored 213 runs. For KKR, [[Nitish Rana]] scored 85 off 46 and Andre Russell scored 65 off 25, taking the game to the wire. However, RCB won the match by 10 runs, with Virat Kohli being Man of the Match.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Full Scorecard of RCB vs KKR 35th Match 2019 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/ipl-2019-1165643/kolkata-knight-riders-vs-royal-challengers-bangalore-35th-match-1178410/full-scorecard |access-date=20 April 2021 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

=== Rivalry with Chennai Super Kings ===
{{see|Chennai Super Kings–Royal Challengers Bangalore rivalry}}
The rivalry with Chennai Super Kings stems from the [[Kaveri River water dispute]] between the states of [[Karnataka]] and [[Tamil Nadu]]. The rivalry is also called "Kaveri derby" and "South Indian derby".<ref>{{cite web|title=The battle of the Kaveri|url=http://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/68866/the-battle-of-the-kaveri|publisher=Cricbuzz|access-date=20 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Bitter rivals square off in marquee southern derby|url=http://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/68864/bitter-rivals-square-off-in-marquee-southern-derby|publisher=Cricbuzz|access-date=20 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Chennai Super Kings face royal challenge|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/icc-world-cup-2015/ipl/news/Chennai-Super-Kings-face-royal-challenge/articleshow/7996827.cms?|work=The Times of India|date=16 April 2011 |access-date=20 April 2015}}</ref> The Super Kings beat the Royal Challengers in the final of the 2011 IPL, the only meeting between the two teams at an IPL final.

=== Rivalry with Hyderabad franchises ===
Another notable rivalry between RCB is with the Hyderabad franchises, first with the [[Deccan Chargers]] and now with the [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]]. The Deccan Chargers won 6 out of the 11 clashes between the two and the Sunrisers currently lead by 12 games to 9. There is also a notable trend where the Hyderabad franchise has jeopardised RCB's campaign in some way or the other. The 2009 IPL final and the 2016 IPL final were both won by the Deccan Chargers and Sunrisers Hyderabad respectively. Their 2020 clash was also at a high stake eliminator, where a fifty by [[Kane Williamson]] trumped RCB to knock them out of IPL 2020. In a more recent example, despite their abysmal 2021 season, SRH were able to beat a resurgent RCB, causing them to end up in 3rd place and forcing them to play the eliminator, which they lost to KKR.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}

==Support and fan following==
The Royal Challengers have a huge and passionate [[fan base]] all over India and especially in the city of Bangalore. The fans, known to be loyal and vocal in their support,<ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2014 |title=Chinnaswamy Stadium's ticket mystery |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/chinnaswamy-stadium-s-ticket-mystery-741875 |access-date=4 April 2015 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> often turn up in large numbers for RCB's home matches turning the stadium into what is called a "sea of red".<ref>{{cite news|title=Fans still bat for the game|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/fans-still-bat-for-the-game/article3444031.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=4 April 2015|date=22 May 2012|last1=Bureau|first1=Bangalore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Fanning the IPL spirit year after year|url=http://www.wisdenindia.com/cricket-article/fanning-ipl-spirit-year-year/109715|publisher=Wisden India|access-date=4 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Gayle storm gives RCB winning start|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/324028/gayle-storm-gives-rcb-winning.html|publisher=Deccan Herald|access-date=4 April 2015|date=5 April 2013}}</ref> They are well known for their chants of "R-C-B, R-C-B" and chants of "A-B-D, A-B-D" for their maestro batsman [[AB De Villiers|AB de Villiers]],<ref>{{cite news|title=It continued to rain sixes at Chinnaswamy stadium|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/it-continued-to-rain-sixes-at-chinnaswamy-stadium/article2041099.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=4 April 2015|date=23 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=4 April 2015 |title=Underachievers RCB look for substance over style |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/indian-premier-league-2015/content/story/858255.html |access-date=4 April 2015 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> and the co-ordinated [[Mexican wave]] at the Chinnaswamy.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 May 2013 |title=Rains, runs and an RCB revival |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/fan-following-royal-challengers-bangalore-v-chennai-super-kings-ipl-2013-bangalore-636749 |access-date=4 April 2015 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> The stadium organisers also provide the home team fans with cheer kits, RCB flags and noisemakers among other items.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 March 2010 |title=The Chinnaswamy Stadium sets the benchmark |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/the-chinnaswamy-stadium-sets-the-benchmark-452225 |access-date=4 April 2015 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> Royal Challengers Bangalore have formed a fan-following group named as Bold Army.

During the [[2014 IPL]], the Royal Challengers became the first team to provide free [[Wi-Fi]] connectivity to fans at their home ground. 50 access points were set up using [[fibre optic cable]]s to provide the connectivity to fans on match days at the Chinnaswamy.<ref>{{cite web|title=Royal Challengers Bangalore fans can enjoy free Wi-Fi in home matches|url=http://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/news/223634-royal-challengers-bangalore-fans-can-enjoy-free-wi-fi-in-home-matches|publisher=NDTV|access-date=4 April 2015}}</ref>

==Seasons==

=== Indian Premier League ===
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="text-align:center;"|
! Year
! League standing
! Final standing
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2008|2008]]'''
|7th out of 8
| League stage
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2009|2009]]'''
|3rd out of 8
| style="background: silver;" | '''Runners-up'''
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2010|2010]]'''
|4th out of 8
|Playoffs
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2011|2011]]'''
|1st out of 10
| style="background: silver;" | '''Runners-up'''
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2012|2012]]'''
|5th out of 9
| rowspan="3" | League stage
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2013|2013]]'''
|5th out of 9
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2014|2014]]'''
|7th out of 8
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2015|2015]]'''
|3rd out of 8
|Playoffs
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2016|2016]]'''
|2nd out of 8
| style="background: silver;" | '''Runners-up'''
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2017|2017]]'''
|8th out of 8
| rowspan="3" | League stage
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2018|2018]]'''
|6th out of 8
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2019|2019]]'''
|8th out of 8
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2020|2020]]'''
| 4th out of 8
| rowspan="3" |Playoffs
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2021|2021]]'''
| 3rd out of 8
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2022|2022]]'''
|3rd out of 10
|-
! '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2023|2023]]'''
|6th out of 10
| League stage
|}

=== Champions League T20 ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Year
! League standing
! Final standing
|-
!'''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2008|2008]]'''
| colspan="2" |''Cancelled''
|-
!'''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2009|2009]]'''
|5th out of 12
|League stage
|-
!'''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2010|2010]]'''
|4th out of 10
|Semi-finalists
|-
!'''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2011|2011]]'''
|2nd out of 13
|style="background: silver;" | '''Runners-up'''
|}

==Current squad==
* Players with international caps are listed in '''bold'''.
* {{color box|border=darkgray|#FFCCCC|<nowiki>*</nowiki>}} denotes a player who is unavailable for the entire season
* {{color box|border=darkgray|#EEE8AA|<nowiki>*</nowiki>}} denotes a player who is currently unavailable for selection
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!No.
!Name
!Nationality
!Birth date
!Batting style
!Bowling style
!Year signed
!Salary
!Notes
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Batters
|-
| 13 || '''[[Faf du Plessis]]''' || {{cr|RSA}} || {{birth date and age|1984|7|13|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg-break]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|7|c}} || Overseas; [[Captain (cricket)|Captain]]
|-
| 18 || '''[[Virat Kohli]]''' || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1988|11|5|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|medium]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2008 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|15|c}} ||
|-
| style="background:#FFCCCC;" | 97 || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | [[Rajat Patidar]] || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | {{cr|IND}} || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | {{birth date and age|1993|6|1|df=y}} ||style="background:#FFCCCC;" | Right-handed ||style="background:#FFCCCC;" | Right-arm [[off-break]] || style="background:#FFCCCC; text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||style="background:#FFCCCC;" | <ref name="rajat out">[https://royalchallengers.com/rcb-cricket-news/news/rajat-patidar-ruled-out-of-ipl-2023-with-a-heel-injury Rajat Patidar ruled out of IPL 2023 with a heel injury]</ref>
|-
| ||'''[[Finn Allen]]'''||{{cr|NZL}} || {{birth date and age|1999|4|22|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off-break]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2021 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|80|l}} || Overseas
|-
| style="background:#FFCCCC;" | || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | '''[[Will Jacks]]''' || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | {{cr|ENG}} || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | {{birth date and age|1998|11|21|df=y}} || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | Right-handed || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | Right-arm [[off-break]] || style="background:#FFCCCC; text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|3.2|c}} || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | Overseas<ref name="jacks out">[https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2023-michael-bracewell-joins-rcb-as-replacement-for-the-injured-will-jacks-1364115 Michael Bracewell joins RCB as replacement for the injured Will Jacks]</ref>
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Wicket-keepers
|-
| 19 || '''[[Dinesh Karthik]]''' || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1985|6|1|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off-break]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|5.5|c}} ||
|-
| 27 || [[Anuj Rawat]] || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1999|10|17|df=y}} || Left-handed || || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|3.4|c}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| All-rounders
|-
| 4 || '''[[Michael Bracewell (cricketer)|Michael Bracewell]]''' || {{cr|NZ}} || {{birth date and age|1991|2|14|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[off-break]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|1|c}} || Overseas; Replacement for Will Jacks<ref name="jacks out"/>
|-
| 6 || [[Mahipal Lomror]] || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1999|11|16|df=y}} || Left-handed || Left-arm [[Left-arm orthodox|orthodox]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|95|l}} ||
|-style="background:#FFCCCC;"
| 15 || '''[[David Willey (cricketer)|David Willey]]''' || {{cr|ENG}} || {{birth date and age|1990|2|28|df=y}} || Left-handed || Left-arm [[fast bowling|fast-medium]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2022 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|2|c}} || Overseas
|-
| 21 || '''[[Shahbaz Ahmed (cricketer)|Shahbaz Ahmed]]''' || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1994|12|12|df=y}} || Left-handed || Left-arm [[Left-arm orthodox|orthodox]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2020 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|2.4|c}} ||
|-
| 32 || '''[[Glenn Maxwell]]''' || {{cr|AUS}} || {{birth date and age|1988|10|14|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off-break]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2021 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|11|c}} || Overseas
|-
| 43 || [[Suyash Prabhudessai]] || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1997|12|6|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|medium]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2021 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|30|l}} ||
|-
| 49 || '''[[Wanindu Hasaranga]]''' || {{cr|SL}} || {{birth date and age|1997|7|29|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg-break]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2021 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|10.75|c}} || Overseas
|-
| 81 || '''[[Kedar Jadhav]]''' || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1985|3|26|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[off-break]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|1|c}} || Replacement for David Willey<ref>{{Cite web |title=RCB bring in Jadhav as injury replacement for Willey |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2023-rcb-bring-in-kedar-jadhav-as-injury-replacement-for-david-willey-1372574 |access-date=2023-05-01 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| || [[Manoj Bhandage]] || {{cr|IND}}|| {{birth date and age|1998|10|5|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|medium-fast]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
| || [[Sonu Yadav]] || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1999|11|11|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|medium-fast]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Pace bowlers
|-
| 1 || '''[[Siddarth Kaul]]''' || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1990|5|19|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|medium]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|75|l}} ||
|-
| 7|| '''[[Wayne Parnell]]''' || {{cr|RSA}} || {{birth date and age|1989|7|30|df=y}} || Left-handed || Left-arm [[fast bowling|fast-medium]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|50|l}} || Overseas; Replacement for Reece Topley<ref name="reece out"/>
|-
| style="background:#FFCCCC;" | 8 || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | '''[[Reece Topley]]''' || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | {{cr|ENG}} || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | {{birth date and age|1994|2|21|df=y}} || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | Right-handed || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | Left-arm [[fast bowling|fast-medium]] || style="background:#FFCCCC; text-align:center;" | 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|1.9|c}} || style="background:#FFCCCC;" | Overseas<ref name="reece out">[https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2023-rcbs-reece-topley-ruled-out-of-season-with-shoulder-injury-1367331 Topley out of IPL 2023 with shoulder injury, Parnell named replacement]</ref>
|-
| 11 || [[Akash Deep]] || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1996|12|15|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|fast-medium]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2021 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
| 16 || '''[[Harshal Patel]]''' || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1990|11|23|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|medium]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2021 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|10.75|c}} ||
|-
| 31|| [[Vijaykumar Vyshak]] || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1997|1|21|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|medium]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} || Replacement for Rajat Patidar<ref name="reece out"/>
|-
| 38 || '''[[Josh Hazlewood]]''' || {{cr|AUS}} || {{birth date and age|1991|1|8|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|fast-medium]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|7.75|c}} || Overseas
|-
|45 || [[Avinash Singh]] || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1998|7|5|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|fast]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|60|l}} ||
|-
| 73 || '''[[Mohammed Siraj]]''' || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1994|3|13|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|fast-medium]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2018 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|7|c}} ||
|-
| || [[Rajan Kumar]] || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1996|7|8|df=y}} || Left-handed || Left-arm [[fast bowling|fast-medium]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Spin bowlers
|-
| 33 || '''[[Karn Sharma]]''' || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1987|9|23|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[leg-break]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2022 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|50|l}} ||
|-
| 44 || [[Himanshu Sharma (cricketer)|Himanshu Sharma]]|| {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1998|6|6|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg-break]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2023 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" |Source: [https://www.royalchallengers.com/rcb-squad RCB Players]
|}

==Administration and support staff==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Position
!Name
|-
|Chairman|| Prathamesh Mishra
|-
|Team manager|| Soumya Deep Pyne
|-
|Director of cricket operations|| Mo Bobat
|-
|Head coach || [[Andy Flower]]
|-
|Batting and spin bowling coach|| [[Sridharan Sriram]]
|-
|Bowling coach|| [[Adam Griffith]]
|-
|Head of scouting and fielding coach|| [[Malolan Rangarajan]]
|-
|Head physiotherapist|| Evan Speechly
|-
|Strength and conditioning coach|| [[Basu Shanker]]
|-
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"| Source: [https://www.royalchallengers.com/rcb-squad RCB Staff]
|}

==Result summary==

===By Opposition===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! Opposition
! Seasons
! Matches
! Won
! Lost
! Tied
! No result
! Success Rate
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chennai Super Kings]] || 2008–2022 || 30|| 10 || 19 || 0 || 1 || 33.33%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Delhi Capitals]] || 2008–2023 || 29 || 17 || 11 || 0 || 1 || 59.26%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |[[Gujarat Titans]]
|2022-2023
|3
|1
|2
|0
|0
|50.00%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |[[Lucknow Super Giants]]
|2022–2023
|4
|3
|1
|0
|0
|75.00%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] || 2008–2023 || 32|| 14|| 18 || 0 || 0 || 43.75%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Mumbai Indians]] || 2008–2023|| 30|| 14 || 17 || 0 || 0 || 46.67%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Punjab Kings]] || 2008–2022 || 30 || 13|| 17|| 0 || 0 || 43.33%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Rajasthan Royals]] || 2008–2023 || 29|| 15 || 12 || 0 || 2|| 48.15%
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]] || 2013–2023|| 23 || 10|| 12|| 1 || 0 || 40.91%
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Deccan Chargers]] || 2008–2012|| 11 || 5 || 6|| 0 || 0 || 45.45%
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kochi Tuskers Kerala]] || 2011–2011 || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00%
|- style="background:#fbb;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Pune Warriors India]] || 2011–2013 || 5 || 5 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100%
|-style="background:#fbb;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Gujarat Lions]] || 2016–2017 || 5 || 3 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 60.00%
|-style="background:#fbb;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Rising Pune Supergiant]] || 2016–2017 || 3 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 66.67%
|- style="background:#FFF8C6;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Cape Cobras]] || 2009 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0.00%
|- style="background:#FFF8C6;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Otago Volts]] || 2009 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00%
|- style="background:#FFF8C6;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Victorian Bushrangers]] || 2009 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0.00%
|- style="background:#FFF8C6;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Guyana national cricket team|Guyana]] || 2010 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00%
|- style="background:#FFF8C6;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Southern Redbacks]] || 2010–2011 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 50.00%
|- style="background:#FFF8C6;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Highveld Lions cricket team|Highveld Lions]] || 2010 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00%
|- style="background:#FFF8C6;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[New South Wales cricket team|New South Wales Blues]] || 2011 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00%
|- style="background:#FFF8C6;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]] || 2011 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00%
|- style="background:#FFF8C6;"
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Warriors (cricket team)|Warriors]] || 2011 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0.00%
|-
| '''Total''' || '''2008–2022''' || '''227''' || '''109''' || '''114''' || '''0''' || '''4''' || '''48.02%'''
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="float:center;"
|- align="center" style="background:#fbb;"
|Defunct teams
|- align="center" style="background:#FFF8C6;"
|Non IPL Teams
|}

Last Updated on 27 May 2022<ref>{{cite web |title=Royal Challengers Bangalore Cricket Team Records & Stats {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/results_summary.html?class=6;id=4340;type=team |website=Cricinfo |access-date=4 March 2021}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.royalchallengers.com}}

{{Indian Premier League}}
{{Royal Challengers Bangalore}}
{{Royal Challengers Bangalore Squad}}

[[Category:Royal Challengers Bangalore| ]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Indian Premier League teams]]
[[Category:Cricket in Bangalore]]
[[Category:Sport in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Sport in Bangalore]]
[[Category:Cricket clubs established in 2008]]
[[Category:United Breweries Group]]

Kolkata Knight Riders

2023-09-16T06:11:05Z

Politburo: Reformat 1 URL (Wayback Medic 2.5)

{{Short description|Indian cricket franchise}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox cricket team
| name = Kolkata Knight Riders
| image = Kolkata Knight Riders Logo.svg
| league = [[Indian Premier League]]
| captain = [[Shreyas Iyer]]
| coach = [[Chandrakant Pandit]]
| city = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], India
| owner = [[Red Chillies Entertainment]]
| founded = {{Start date and age|2008|1|24|df=yes}}
| ground = [[Eden Gardens]], Kolkata
| capacity = 68,000
| ipl_wins = [[File:Simple gold cup.svg|16px]] ([[2012 Indian Premier League|2012]], [[2014 Indian Premier League|2014]])
|website = [https://www.kkr.in/ kkr.in]
| t_title = T20 kit
| t_pattern_la = _goldborder
| t_pattern_b = _kkr22
| t_pattern_ra = _goldborder
| t_pattern_pants =
| t_leftarm = 46155B
| t_body = 46155B
| t_rightarm = 46155B
| t_pants = 46155B
| current = [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2023]]
}}

'''Kolkata Knight Riders''' ('''KKR''') are  a professional franchise [[cricket]] team representing the city of [[Kolkata]] in the [[Indian Premier League]]. The franchise is owned by Bollywood actor [[Shah Rukh Khan]], actress [[Juhi Chawla]] and her spouse [[Jay Mehta]]. The Knight Riders play at the [[Eden Gardens]] stadium.<ref name="eden">{{cite web |title=Eden Gardens |url=http://www.iplt20.com/venues/2/eden-gardens |publisher=www.iplt20.com |access-date=14 September 2018 |archive-date=20 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620002434/http://www.iplt20.com/venues/2/eden-gardens |url-status=live }}</ref>

The franchise, which has gained immense popularity due to its association with celebrity owners, qualified for the IPL playoffs for the first time in [[2011 Indian Premier League|2011]]. They became the IPL champions in [[2012 Indian Premier League|2012]], by defeating [[Chennai Super Kings]] in the final. They repeated the feat in [[2014 Indian Premier League|2014]], defeating [[Kings XI Punjab]].<ref name="IPl-Schedule. net">{{cite web|url = http://www.ipl-schedule.net/ipl-2012-final-kolkata-knight-riders-win-ipl-5-beat-chennai-super-kings/|title = Kolkata Knight Riders win IPL 5, beat Chennai Super Kings| date=29 March 2012 |access-date = 13 October 2012|archive-date = 2 June 2012|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120602070808/http://www.ipl-schedule.net/ipl-2012-final-kolkata-knight-riders-win-ipl-5-beat-chennai-super-kings/|url-status = live}}</ref> The Knight Riders hold the record for the longest winning streak by any Indian team in T20s (14).<ref>{{cite news|title=Records / Twenty20 matches / Team records / Most consecutive wins|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/305308.html|work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=2 October 2014|archive-date=25 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425152828/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/305308.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The side's all-time leading run-scorer is [[Gautam Gambhir]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ipl-kolkata/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?class=6;id=4341;type=team |title=Kolkata Knight Riders / Records / Twenty20 matches / Most runs |publisher=Stats. cricinfo.com |access-date=30 May 2012 |archive-date=23 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823012824/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ipl-kolkata/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?class=6%3Bid%3D4341%3Btype%3Dteam |url-status=live }}</ref> while their leading wicket-taker is [[Sunil Narine]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ipl-kolkata/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?class=6;id=4341;type=team|title=Kolkata Knight Riders / Records / Twenty20 matches / Most wickets|access-date=30 May 2012|archive-date=17 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130417184029/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ipl-kolkata/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?class=6;id=4341;type=team|url-status=live}}</ref> The official theme of the team is ''Korbo, Lorbo, Jeetbo Re'' (''we will perform, fight, and win!'') and the official colours are purple and gold.

== Franchise history ==
[[File:Ganguly with shahrukh.jpg|thumb|[[Sourav Ganguly]] with the symbol of the Kolkata Knight Riders, flanked by [[Shah Rukh Khan]] on the left and [[Gauri Khan]] on the right.]]

In 2007, the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] (BCCI) created the cricket tournament [[Indian Premier League]], based on the [[Twenty20]] format of the game.<ref name="back">{{cite web|title=Everything you wanted to know about the Indian Premier League|work=Cricinfo|url=http://content-www.cricinfo.com/baggygreen/content/story/337868.html|access-date=20 February 2008|date=19 September 2007|archive-date=24 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724115259/http://content-www.cricinfo.com/baggygreen/content/story/337868.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Eight teams participated in the inaugural tournament held in April – June 2008. The teams representing the eight different cities of India were put up on auction in [[Mumbai]] on 20 February 2008. The team representing [[Kolkata]] was eventually bought by Bollywood superstar [[Shah Rukh Khan]]'s company [[Red Chillies Entertainment]] in partnership with actress [[Juhi Chawla]] and her husband [[Jay Mehta]] for a price of $75.09 million, equal to approximately ₹2.98 billion at that time.<ref name="price">{{cite news|title=Shah Rukh Khan's Kolkata IPL team to be called Night Riders or Knight Riders|work=Cricinfo|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-02-09/news/27694633_1_indian-premier-league-cricket-ground-ipl|date=9 February 2008|access-date=18 September 2011|archive-date=23 November 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121123184920/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-02-09/news/27694633_1_indian-premier-league-cricket-ground-ipl|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Sourav Ganguly]], former captain of the Indian national team, a native of [[West Bengal]] and the current President of BCCI, was named the [[Icon player]] for the team. The name of the team is a reference to the popular 1980s American television series [[Knight Rider (1982 TV series)|Knight Rider]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Roy |first1=S.K. |last2=Chakraborti |first2=R |editor-last=Mutum |editor-first=Dilip |title=Marketing Cases from Emerging Markets |publisher=Springer Science and Business Media |date=23 September 2013 |page=70 |chapter=Chapter 6: Getting There |isbn=9783642368615 |name-list-style=amp}}</ref>

In June 2015, the team's ownership group bought a stake in the [[Caribbean Premier League]]'s Trinidad and Tobago Red Steel,<ref>{{cite web |date=10 June 2015 |title=KKR owners buy stake in CPL franchise T&T Red Steel |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/kkr-owners-buy-stake-in-cpl-franchise-t-t-red-steel-885765 |access-date=14 September 2018 |website=Espncricinfo.com |archive-date=6 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506193607/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/kkr-owners-buy-stake-in-cpl-franchise-t-t-red-steel-885765 |url-status=live }}</ref> and renamed it the [[Trinbago Knight Riders]] in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/cricket/superstar-shah-rukh-khans-cpl-franchise-is-now-trinbago-knight-riders_1854413.html|title=Superstar Shah Rukh Khan's CPL franchise is now Trinbago Knight Riders|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=10 February 2016|access-date=11 February 2016|archive-date=15 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315221704/http://zeenews.india.com/sports/cricket/superstar-shah-rukh-khans-cpl-franchise-is-now-trinbago-knight-riders_1854413.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In December 2020, the team also made an investment in the upcoming American T20 league [[Major League Cricket]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Shamya |first1=Dasgupta |last2=Della Penna |first2=Peter |date=30 November 2020 |title=Knight Riders Group buys stake in USA T20 franchise project Major League Cricket |language=en |work=www.espncricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/knight-riders-group-buys-stake-in-usa-t20-franchise-project-major-league-cricket-1240512 |access-date=6 December 2020 |archive-date=11 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211152154/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/knight-riders-group-buys-stake-in-usa-t20-franchise-project-major-league-cricket-1240512 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2021, the Knight Riders Group CEO, Venky Mysore, announced their entry into the South African T20 league with Cape Town Knight Riders and signalled intentions to invest in [[England Cricket Board|ECB]]'s new competition format, [[The Hundred (cricket)|The Hundred]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Indian Premier League 2021: The story of the Knight Riders brand |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/56775746 |date=20 April 2021 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210422112021/https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/56775746 |archive-date=22 April 2021| last1=Sajad |first1=Kal |work=[[BBC Sport]] |location=[[London]]}}</ref>

== Valuation ==
According to [[Forbes]] in 2022, Kolkata Knight Riders are the 3rd most valuable team in the IPL behind [[Mumbai Indians|MI]] and [[ Chennai Super Kings|CSK]] with a valuation of $1.1 billion.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ozanian |first1=Mike |title=Indian Premier League Valuations: Cricket Now Has A Place Among World's Most Valuable Sports Teams |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2022/04/26/indian-premier-league-valuations-cricket-now-has-a-place-among-worlds-most-valuable-sports-teams/ |access-date=7 May 2022 |work=Forbes |date=26 April 2022 |language=en |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507153431/https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikeozanian/2022/04/26/indian-premier-league-valuations-cricket-now-has-a-place-among-worlds-most-valuable-sports-teams/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Livery ==
Initially, when the Kolkata Knight Riders were first introduced in 2008, the logo of the team consisted of a blazing golden [[Viking helmet]] against a black background with the name of the team written in gold next to it. However, the black background was changed to purple in the third season. It was in 2012 that the current logo, which has a blazing purple [[Corinthian helmet]] trimmed with gold, with Kolkata Knight Riders written within a shield was introduced.<ref name="NDTV">{{cite news |title=Kolkata Knight Riders unveil new look, new logo |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/ipl-2012/kolkata-knight-riders-unveil-new-look-new-logo-1559204 |access-date=26 April 2022 |work=NDTV Sports |date=14 February 2012 |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920164629/https://sports.ndtv.com/ipl-2012/kolkata-knight-riders-unveil-new-look-new-logo-1559204 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The tagline of the team was "All the King's Men" during the first four seasons.<ref name="yahoo" /> However, in the fifth it was replaced by "New Dawn, New Knights". The team's official colours were black and gold during the first two seasons. At the time, Khan said that "golden symbolizes spirit of life and black presents the Goddess [[Kali]]."<ref name="yahoo" /> It was later changed to purple and gold during the third season and was kept so. The jersey was created by [[Bollywood]] fashion designer [[Manish Malhotra]].<ref name="yahoo" />

The main theme of the team ''Korbo, Lorbo, Jeetbo Re'' (''we will act, fight, and win!'') was scored by [[Vishal–Shekhar]] duo.<ref name="yahoo">{{cite web|title=King Khan launches Kolkata Knight Riders |publisher=Yahoo |date=11 March 2008 |url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/ani/20080311/r_t_ani_sp/tsp-king-khan-launches-kolkata-knight-ri-61d3b88.html |access-date=11 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080316065555/http://in.news.yahoo.com/ani/20080311/r_t_ani_sp/tsp-king-khan-launches-kolkata-knight-ri-61d3b88.html |archive-date=16 March 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A ''Knight Riders'' album featuring several singers and music composers including [[Usha Uthup]] and [[Bappi Lahiri]] was also created.<ref name="hindutimes">{{cite news |last1=PTI |title=Kolkata Knightriders launched amidst gloom |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/kolkata-knightriders-launched-amidst-gloom/story-SYPVZu9La8OuBEPmrSsn2M.html |access-date=26 April 2022 |work=Hindustan Times |date=11 March 2008 |archive-date=26 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426171921/https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/kolkata-knightriders-launched-amidst-gloom/story-SYPVZu9La8OuBEPmrSsn2M.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://entertainment.oneindia.in/bollywood/features/2010/no-ipl-videos-240210.html|title=No new videos for IPL teams!|date=24 February 2010|access-date=17 April 2012|work=Oneindia.in }}</ref>

== Rivalries ==
The Knight Riders have historically been a successful franchise in the IPL. This success has led to them having many rivalries among other teams.

=== Mumbai Indians ===
Both the teams play in major markets, as the Mumbai Indians play in [[Mumbai]] and the Kolkata Knight Riders play in [[Kolkata]]. The [[Mumbai Indians]] are the most successful IPL franchise with five championships, but until Mumbai's third championship, both the teams were tied with two championships. In the first two seasons of the [[Indian Premier League|IPL]], Mumbai swept Kolkata in all four games. It was not until the [[2010 IPL|2010 IPL Season]] that Kolkata won against Mumbai. Both sides have been captained by Indian cricket legends at one point (Mumbai was captained by [[Sachin Tendulkar]], and Kolkata was captained by [[Sourav Ganguly]]). This rivalry has often played out in Mumbai's favour, as they have won 22 games compared to Kolkata's nine wins. Both have played each other twice in the playoffs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bigbashboard.com/head-to-head/kolkata-knight-riders/mumbai-indians|title=Kolkata Knight Riders v Mumbai Indians : Head-to-head : T20R|website=T20R : Twenty20 Statistics and Player Rankings|access-date=19 May 2020|archive-date=29 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629072028/http://bigbashboard.com/head-to-head/kolkata-knight-riders/mumbai-indians|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2011, both teams played against each other in the Eliminator round, as both franchises made their first playoff appearances. This was the first time that the two teams met in the playoffs. Mumbai won the match by four wickets and advanced to the next round, ultimately losing to the [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]].

In 2012, both the teams were chasing a playoff spot in the tournament. The game started out poorly for KKR as their batting side did not score runs. KKR picked up the pace and ended the innings with 140/7. Mumbai was expected to win at that point and started to attack quickly, and started 60/2 with more than 10 overs left to play. Mumbai quickly collapsed and finished their innings with 108 runs and all out. [[Sunil Narine]] was named Man of the Match with 4 wickets, and KKR eliminated MI from the playoffs. KKR won its first championship that season. Knight Riders owner [[Shah Rukh Khan]] was handed a 5-year ban at [[Wankhede Stadium]], home of the [[Mumbai Indians]]. He was accused of walking on the field post-match and abusing the security guards.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shah Rukh Khan gets five-year ban from Wankhede | ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/indian-premier-league-2012-mca-bans-shah-rukh-khan-from-entering-wankhede-for-five-years-565312 |website=www.espncricinfo.com |access-date=20 February 2023 |archive-date=10 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210051033/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/indian-premier-league-2012-mca-bans-shah-rukh-khan-from-entering-wankhede-for-five-years-565312 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2015, the ban was lifted.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/MCA-ends-Shah-Rukh-Khans-Wankhede-ban/articleshow/48316239.cms|title=MCA ends Shah Rukh Khan's Wankhede ban | undefined News - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=2 August 2015 |access-date=19 May 2020|archive-date=18 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518205225/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/MCA-ends-Shah-Rukh-Khans-Wankhede-ban/articleshow/48316239.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

Mumbai and Kolkata faced off in the opening match of the 2015 season. Mumbai was up to bat in the first innings as they scored 168/3. This charge was led by captain [[Rohit Sharma]] with his 98 runs. Kolkata captain, [[Gautam Gambhir]] had 57 runs and led his side to victory. [[Suryakumar Yadav|Suryakumar Yadav's]] 46 runs were crucial to KKR's chase.

In 2017, Mumbai earned its 100th T20 win against KKR.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Basu |first=Ritayan |date=14 May 2017 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/indian-premier-league-2017/news/story/ipl-2017-kkr-vs-mi-mumbai-indians-100-wins-t20-cricket-976927-2017-05-14 |title=Mumbai Indians create history, become first T20 team to win 100 matches |magazine=India Today |access-date=26 April 2022 |archive-date=7 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207214146/https://www.indiatoday.in/indian-premier-league-2017/news/story/ipl-2017-kkr-vs-mi-mumbai-indians-100-wins-t20-cricket-976927-2017-05-14 |url-status=live }}</ref> Later that season, both sides met in the playoffs in the Qualifier 2 round. KKR had a poor batting performance as they posted 107 runs and all out. Mumbai was able to capitalise and won the match.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8048/scorecard/1082649/mumbai-indians-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-qualifier-2-indian-premier-league-2017|title=Full Scorecard of Kolkata Knight Riders vs Mumbai Indians Qualifier 2 2017 - Score Report | ESPNcricinfo.com|website=www.espncricinfo.com|access-date=20 May 2020|archive-date=2 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202202525/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8048/scorecard/1082649/mumbai-indians-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-qualifier-2-indian-premier-league-2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Mumbai went onto the finals to beat [[Rising Pune Supergiant]] to claim their third championship.

From 2015 to 2018, Mumbai Indians held an eight-game winning streak against the Kolkata Knight Riders. That streak was broken on 29 April 2019, as KKR posted a total of 232 runs and won by 34 runs. KKR's [[Andre Russell]] scored 80 runs, and MI's [[Hardik Pandya]] scored 91 runs. KKR holds the record for highest total for an IPL match played at [[Eden Gardens]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/records/team/highest_innings_totals.html?id=117&type=trophy|title=Indian Premier League Cricket Team Records & Stats | ESPNcricinfo.com|website=Cricinfo}}</ref> This victory was KKR's 100th T20 win.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/ipl/ipl-2019-kolkata-knight-riders-kkr-register-100-t20-wins-5673196/|title=IPL 2019: Kolkata Knight Riders register 100th T20 win|date=29 April 2019|access-date=20 May 2020|archive-date=23 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123035736/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/ipl/ipl-2019-kolkata-knight-riders-kkr-register-100-t20-wins-5673196/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mumbai have won all three games between them since then.

In the 2022 season, Kolkata beat Mumbai in all the matches between them.

=== Royal Challengers Bangalore ===

The rivalry between Kolkata Knight Riders and [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]] is one of the oldest in the IPL. The inaugural match of IPL was played between both the teams in which KKR won by 140 runs due to a 158* off just 73 balls by [[Brendon McCullum]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Full Scorecard of KKR vs RCB 1st match 2007/08 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2007-08-313494/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-1st-match-335982/full-scorecard|access-date=13 April 2021|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en|archive-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413162719/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2007-08-313494/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-1st-match-335982/full-scorecard|url-status=live}}</ref>

In [[2009 Indian Premier League|IPL 2009]], both teams faced off against each other again in which RCB won both times. In the second time they faced each other, [[Ross Taylor]] scored a blitzkrieg 81* off 33 balls to win it for RCB by six wickets.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Full Scorecard of KKR vs RCB 41st match 2009 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2009-374163/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-41st-match-392221/full-scorecard|access-date=13 April 2021|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en|archive-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413162720/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2009-374163/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-41st-match-392221/full-scorecard|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the [[2012 Indian Premier League|2012 edition of IPL]], KKR was at the lower half of the IPL table and needed to win the crucial match against RCB. KKR won the toss and chose to bat first. The skipper [[Gautam Gambhir]] led from the front with 93 (51). In reply, RCB lost wickets at regular intervals, as only [[Chris Gayle]] managed to put up a fight with a score of 86 (58).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Full Scorecard of KKR vs RCB 38th match 2012 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2012-520932/kolkata-knight-riders-vs-royal-challengers-bangalore-38th-match-548344/full-scorecard|access-date=13 April 2021|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en|archive-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413162723/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2012-520932/kolkata-knight-riders-vs-royal-challengers-bangalore-38th-match-548344/full-scorecard|url-status=live}}</ref> The next time they met, Gambhir again was the thorn of RCB as he top scored for KKR at a tough pitch, taking KKR to a competitive total of 165. RCB in reply made 129, as [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]] ripped through their lineup with a 4/18 in 4 overs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Full Scorecard of KKR vs RCB 10th match 2012 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2012-520932/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-10th-match-548315/full-scorecard|access-date=13 April 2021|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en|archive-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413162728/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/indian-premier-league-2012-520932/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-10th-match-548315/full-scorecard|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the 2015 IPL edition, RCB and KKR took part in a match reduced due to rain. It was reduced to a 10 over match. RCB won the toss and elected to field. For KKR, [[Andre Russell]] was the top scorer as he scored 45 off just 17 balls as he took them to a score of 111/4 in just 10 overs. [[Mitchell Starc]] took one wicket for 15 runs in 2 overs. In reply, RCB were at 0–48 at 3.4 overs before [[Brad Hogg]] got Chris Gayle out. After that, RCB stuttered and started to collapse as they were reduced to 3–81 in 7.2 overs. When [[Virat Kohli]] got out to Andre Russell, the match looked to be over for RCB. However, [[Mandeep Singh]] scored 45 off just 18 balls hitting 3 sixes and 4 fours.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=RCB beat KKR RCB won by 7 wickets (with 2 balls remaining) - KKR vs RCB, Pepsi Indian Premier League, 33rd match Match Summary, Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/pepsi-indian-premier-league-2015-791129/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-33rd-match-829771/live-cricket-score|access-date=20 April 2021|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420103319/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/pepsi-indian-premier-league-2015-791129/royal-challengers-bangalore-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-33rd-match-829771/live-cricket-score|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the 2017 IPL edition, Kolkata Knight Riders and Royal Challengers Bangalore locked horns with one another again. In the first match between them, RCB got KKR put for a score of 131 after KKR got off to a strong start of 0–48 in 3.3 overs. However, KKR reduced RCB to 49/9 before getting the final wicket, resulting in RCB getting the lowest score in the history of IPL – 49 all out. [[Nathan Coulter-Nile|Nathan Coulter Nile]], [[Colin de Grandhomme]] and [[Chris Woakes]] got three wickets each.<ref name=":0" /> In the next time they faced, [[Sunil Narine]] scored the fastest fifty of IPL then and the second fastest now (50 off 15 balls). KKR made [[List of Indian Premier League records and statistics|the highest score made in powerplay in any IPL match]], and chased down the target offered by RCB easily.<ref name=":0" />

The [[2019 Indian Premier League|2019 IPL]] saw Virat Kohli scoring 84 off 49 and [[AB de Villiers]] scoring 63 off 32, taking RCB to a total of 205/3. KKR had a strong start scoring 28/0 in 1.3 overs before losing wickets at regular intervals and having their run rate reduced. They were 139/4 in 15.5 overs. [[Dinesh Karthik]] and Andre Russell however brought back the chase on control. Karthik got out scoring 19 off 15, leaving KKR at 153/5 in 17 overs. Andre Russell, however, took KKR over the line as he scored 48 off 13, hitting [[Mohammed Siraj]] for 23 runs in one over.<ref name=":0" />

In the next match, RCB struck back as Virat Kohli made his 5th IPL century scoring 100 runs in 58 balls only. [[Moeen Ali]] scored 66 runs in only 28 balls as RCB scored 213 runs. For KKR, [[Nitish Rana]] scored 85 off 46 and Andre Russell scored 65 off 25, taking the game to the wire. However, RCB won the match by 10 runs, with Virat Kohli being Man of the Match.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Full Scorecard of RCB vs KKR 35th Match 2019 - Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/ipl-2019-1165643/kolkata-knight-riders-vs-royal-challengers-bangalore-35th-match-1178410/full-scorecard|access-date=20 April 2021|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420103319/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/ipl-2019-1165643/kolkata-knight-riders-vs-royal-challengers-bangalore-35th-match-1178410/full-scorecard|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Home ground ==
The home venue of the Knight Riders is [[Eden Gardens]] (with the two ends of the crease called the High Court End and the Club House End). Owned by the [[Cricket Association of Bengal]], it was the largest cricket stadium in India and had a seating capacity of over 90,000.<ref name="cricinfo1">[http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/india/content/ground/57980.html Eden Gardens | India | Cricket Grounds | ESPN Cricinfo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227120741/http://content-ind.cricinfo.com/india/content/ground/57980.html |date=27 February 2009 }}. Content-ind. cricinfo.com. Retrieved 4 September 2011.</ref> In 2011, the stadium was renovated to meet the standards set by the [[International Cricket Council]] for the [[2011 Cricket World Cup]]; reducing its capacity to around 68,000. The renovated stadium includes a new clubhouse and players' facilities, upgrading the exterior wall, cladding the existing roof structure with a new metal skin, and general infrastructure improvements.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldinteriordesignnetwork.com/news/kolkatas_eden_gardens_stadium_gets_a_new_look_for_cricket_world_cup_2011_090616 |title=Kolkata's Eden Gardens stadium gets a new look for Cricket World Cup 2011. |work=World Interior Design Network. |access-date=10 June 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100616165005/http://www.worldinteriordesignnetwork.com/news/kolkatas_eden_gardens_stadium_gets_a_new_look_for_cricket_world_cup_2011_090616/ |archive-date=16 June 2010 }}</ref> In 2013, two of the team's home matches were hosted by the [[JSCA International Cricket Stadium]] in [[Ranchi]].

{{wide image|Eden Gardens Kolkata.jpg|680px|Panoramic view of the [[Eden Gardens]] stadium during [[IPL 2008]].}}

==Kit manufacturers and sponsors==
Multinational communications corporation [[Nokia]] was the official founding sponsor of the Kolkata Knight Riders and remained their principal sponsor until 2014.<ref name="major">{{cite news|last=Lagathe|first=Gaurav|date=8 August 2018|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/sports/no-stopping-brand-ipl-valuation-soars-to-6-3-bn/articleshow/65319443.cms|title=Brand IPL gets stronger, valuation soars to $6.3 billion|newspaper=[[The Economic Times|Economic Times]]|access-date=6 January 2018|archive-date=11 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111074226/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/sports/no-stopping-brand-ipl-valuation-soars-to-6-3-bn/articleshow/65319443.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-04-01/news/29370439_1_kkr-nokia-india-kolkata-knight-riders | title=Nokia renews contract with Kolkata Knight Riders for IPL 4 | work=Economic Times | date=1 April 2011 | access-date=17 April 2012 | archive-date=5 November 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105133116/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-04-01/news/29370439_1_kkr-nokia-india-kolkata-knight-riders | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.indianretailer.com/article/whats-hot/offers-and-products/Reebok-offers-IPL-merchandise-1522/ | title=Reebok offers IPL merchandise | work=Indianretailer.com | date=16 April 2012 | access-date=17 April 2012 | archive-date=4 November 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104213240/http://www.indianretailer.com/article/whats-hot/offers-and-products/Reebok-offers-IPL-merchandise-1522/ | url-status=live }}</ref> In 2015, Chinese mobile phone manufacturer [[Gionee]] took over as their principal sponsor and signed a three-year deal worth {{INRConvert|540|m}}.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://m.thehindubusinessline.com/news/sports/gionee-clinches-kkr-sponsorship-for-54-cr/article7067917.ece|title=Gionee clinches KKR sponsorship for ₹54 cr|date=4 April 2015|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> In 2018, Nokia returned as the main sponsor of the Knight Riders, signing a two-year deal.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/ipl/nokia-coming-back-as-principal-sponsor-of-kolkata-knight-riders-in-ipl2018-118040100459_1.html|title=Nokia coming back as principal sponsor of Kolkata Knight Riders in IPL 2018|newspaper=[[Business Standard]]|date=1 April 2018|access-date=1 April 2018|archive-date=1 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401182755/http://www.business-standard.com/article/ipl/nokia-coming-back-as-principal-sponsor-of-kolkata-knight-riders-in-ipl2018-118040100459_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Star Plus]], [[Reebok]], [[HDIL]], [[Kit Kat]], [[SB Nation]], [[Doublemint]], [[SAP AG]], [[Asian Paints]], [[Red FM 93.5]], [[Seiko]], [[U.S. Polo Assn.]], [[Uber]], [[Dish TV]], [[Sansui Electric]], [[Ola Cabs]], [[Exide Industries|Exide]], [[Ibibo]], [[Sprite (soft drink)|Sprite]], [[Dream11]], [[Pepsi]], [[Sony Music India]], [[Royal Stag]], [[Greenply]], [[MoneyGram]], [[Unacademy]], [[Colgate (toothpaste)|Colgate]] and [[Pocari Sweat]] have all formerly been either co-sponsors or partners.

In 2020, MPL became their principal sponsor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/industry/media/kolkata-knight-riders-inks-pact-with-mobile-premier-league-11597402570728.html|title=Kolkata Knight Riders inks pact with Mobile Premier League|date=14 August 2020|publisher=[[Mint (newspaper)|Livemint]]|access-date=14 August 2020|archive-date=14 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914035522/https://www.livemint.com/industry/media/kolkata-knight-riders-inks-pact-with-mobile-premier-league-11597402570728.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2022, the principal sponsor of the Kolkata Knight Riders was the [[Esports]] app WinZO Sports.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Khosla |first1=Varuni |title=WinZO Sports becomes principal sponsor of IPL team Kolkata Knight Riders |url=https://www.livemint.com/sports/cricket-news/winzo-sports-becomes-principal-sponsor-of-ipl-team-kolkata-knight-riders-11647241795057.html |access-date=28 April 2022 |work=Mint |date=14 March 2022 |language=en |archive-date=28 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428173649/https://www.livemint.com/sports/cricket-news/winzo-sports-becomes-principal-sponsor-of-ipl-team-kolkata-knight-riders-11647241795057.html |url-status=live }}</ref> As of 2023, their main shirt sponsors are [[Balkrishna Industries|BKT Tyres]] and the [[Fantasy sport]]s app MyFab11. They have co-sponsorship deals with [[Jio]], [[Lux Cozi]], [[Acko General Insurance]] and [[SRMB Steel]] along with others. They also have partnerships with [[Thums Up]], [[Bira 91]], [[Radio One (India)|Radio One]], [[Fever 104 FM]], [[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] and [[Amul|Amul Organic]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kkr.in/|title=KKR -- Official Website|website=Kkr.in|access-date=18 April 2019|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402014816/https://www.kkr.in/|url-status=live}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! Year
! Kit manufacturer
! Shirt sponsor (chest)
! Shirt sponsor (back)
! Chest branding
|-
|2008
|rowspan=6|[[Reebok]]
|rowspan=7|[[Nokia]]
|[[HDIL]]
|rowspan=4|[[Reebok]]
|-
|2009
|[[StarPlus]]
|-
|2010
|XXX Energy Drink
|-
|2011
|rowspan=3|Matrix
|-
|2012
|rowspan=2|Rose Valley
|-
|2013
|-
|2014
|rowspan=7|[[U.S. Polo Assn.]]
|rowspan=3|[[Sansui Electric|Sansui]]
|rowspan=2|[[U.S. Polo Assn.]]
|-
|2015
|rowspan=3|[[Gionee]]
|-
|2016
|rowspan=8|[[Lux Cozi]]
|-
|2017
|rowspan=4|[[Jio]]
|-
|2018
|rowspan=2|[[Nokia]]
|-
|2019
|-
|2020
|rowspan=2|[[Mobile Premier League|MPL]]
|-
|2021
|rowspan=3|[[Wrogn]]
|rowspan=2|[[Unacademy]]
|-
|2022
|WinZO
|-
|2023
|MyFab11
|[[Balkrishna Industries|BKT]]
|}

== Players ==
[[Sourav Ganguly]], the former captain of the Indian cricket team was the icon player and led the franchise in the 2008 and 2010 seasons. [[Brendon McCullum]] led the team in the intervening period. Both the captains were released before the 2011 season. The former team included all-rounders [[Chris Gayle]], [[David Hussey]], [[Mohammad Hafeez]], [[Laxmi Ratan Shukla]], [[Angelo Mathews]], batsman [[Ricky Ponting]], [[Brad Hodge]], [[Salman Butt]] and wicket-keeper [[Wriddhiman Saha]]. The main bowlers were [[Umar Gul]], [[Shoaib Akhtar]], [[Ishant Sharma]], [[Ashok Dinda]], [[Ajit Agarkar]] and [[Murali Karthik]]. Australian batsman [[Brad Hodge]] and bowlers [[Ajantha Mendis]] and [[Charl Langeveldt]] were bought outside the IPL auction in late 2008.

At the 2009 auction, the team bought Bangladeshi all-rounder [[Mashrafe Mortaza]] for $600,000. Due to the unavailability of Pakistani players starting 2009, KKR had to suspend the contract of [[Umar Gul]], who was a key performer from the 2008 season.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ipl/content/sq/338088.html|title=Kolkata Knight Riders Sq|work=Cricinfo|date=26 April 2008|access-date=28 April 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ipl/content/story/347643.html|title=Hodge joins IPL for five weeks|work=Cricinfo|date=26 April 2008|access-date=28 April 2008|archive-date=30 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430220348/http://content-usa.cricinfo.com/ipl/content/story/347643.html|url-status=live}}</ref> On 26 April 2009, KKR administration sent back two of its players [[Akash Chopra]] and [[Sanjay Bangar]] on the premises of poor performance.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/kkr-send-back-chopra-bangar/451461/ | title=KKR send back Chopra, Bangar | date=27 April 2009 | access-date=17 April 2012 | work=Indian Express | archive-date=16 June 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616051857/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/kkr-send-back-chopra-bangar/451461 | url-status=live }}</ref> [[Shane Bond]] was acquired after releasing Ricky Ponting, [[Morne van Wyk]] and the Pakistani players [[Umar Gul]], [[Salman Butt]], [[Mohammad Hafeez]] and [[Shoaib Akhtar]] before the third season. [[Moises Henriques]] was traded to Delhi in return for [[Owais Shah]] and [[Manoj Tiwary (cricketer)|Manoj Tiwary]]. Thus, their overseas roster for the 2010 season consisted of Shane Bond, Mashrafe Mortaza, Brendon McCullum, Charl Langeveldt, Ajantha Mendis, Angelo Mathews, Brad Hodge, David Hussey, Owais Shah and Chris Gayle.

2011 heralded the beginning of a new era for KKR. In the 2011 season, KKR drastically revamped their squad. Former captain and icon player Sourav Ganguly was not purchased in the January auction. This led to protest rallies, signature campaigns throughout the country and abroad along with stadium protests by various fan groups, such as 'No Dada No KKR',<ref>{{cite web |author=Cricket |url=http://www.sportskeeda.com/2011/04/14/fans-make-no-dada-no-kkr-campaign-a-success/ |title=IPL: Fans Make 'No Dada, No KKR' Campaign a Success |publisher=SportsKeeda |date=14 April 2011 |access-date=1 February 2012 |archive-date=29 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111229175719/http://www.sportskeeda.com/2011/04/14/fans-make-no-dada-no-kkr-campaign-a-success/ |url-status=live }}</ref> which received both national and international press attention.<ref>{{cite news |title=Without Ganguly, Eden gets poor response |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/indian-premier-league-2013/ipl-without-ganguly-eden-gets-poor-response-1572562 |access-date=24 October 2016 |work=NDTV |date=12 April 2011 |language=en |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013093538/https://sports.ndtv.com/indian-premier-league-2013/ipl-without-ganguly-eden-gets-poor-response-1572562 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dada fans still hope of his return |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/dada-fans-still-hope-of-his-return/782419/0 |access-date=24 October 2016 |work=Indian Express |date=27 April 2011 |archive-date=8 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108190028/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/dada-fans-still-hope-of-his-return/782419/0 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=PTI |title=Facebook's Ganguly fans plan protest march |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/off-the-field/Facebooks-Ganguly-fans-plan-protest-march/articleshow/7285749.cms |access-date=24 October 2016 |work=The Times of India |date=14 January 2011 |language=en |archive-date=7 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207215248/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/off-the-field/Facebooks-Ganguly-fans-plan-protest-march/articleshow/7285749.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The team appointed [[Gautam Gambhir]], who was bought for a record-breaking $2.4 million as skipper.<ref name="GG">{{cite news|url = http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-09/news-interviews/29400108_1_srk-gautam-gambhir-cricketers|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120923131439/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-09/news-interviews/29400108_1_srk-gautam-gambhir-cricketers|url-status = dead|archive-date = 23 September 2012|title = Kolkata Knight Riders bank on Gambhir|date = 9 April 2011|work = [[The Times of India]]|access-date = 25 August 2011}}</ref> [[Yusuf Pathan]] was also picked up for $2.1 million.<ref name="GG" /> Other international names who were added include [[Shakib Al Hasan]], [[Brad Haddin]], [[Jacques Kallis]], [[Brett Lee]], [[Ryan ten Doeschate]], [[Eoin Morgan]] and [[James Pattinson]]. Haddin was replaced by [[Mark Boucher]] mid-season due to injury.<ref name="GG" />

In the 2012 auction, KKR bought back their former captain, Brendon McCullum. They also acquired West Indian spinner [[Sunil Narine]] and South African fast bowler [[Marchant de Lange]].

The team later added four domestic players to their squad, including [[Debabrata Das]] and [[Iresh Saxena]] from Bengal, Saurashtra's [[Chirag Jani]] and [[Sanju Samson]] from Kerala.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cricketnext.in.com/news/kkr-sign-four-domestic-players-for-ipl5/64198-13.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304052611/http://cricketnext.in.com/news/kkr-sign-four-domestic-players-for-ipl5/64198-13.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 March 2012 |title=KKR sign four domestic players for IPL-5 : Cricketnext |publisher=Cricketnext.in.com |date=1 March 2012 |access-date=26 May 2012}}</ref> However, in November 2012, KKR released the latter three from their team along with [[Jaydev Unadkat]], a key performer from the previous seasons. In the 2013 auction, the team acquired only two overseas players, [[Sachithra Senanayake]] and [[Ryan McLaren]].

Before the February 2014 auction, the team had only retained their key performers Gautam Gambhir and Sunil Narine. From the auctions that took place, the team brought back Jacques Kallis and Yusuf Pathan with their right-to-match (RTM) card. Also keeping their place in the squad were Ryan ten Doeschate and Shakib Al Hasan. New international players were [[Morne Morkel]], [[Pat Cummins|Patrick Cummins]] and [[Chris Lynn]]. Prominent Indian players bought included [[Robin Uthappa]], [[Umesh Yadav]], [[Manish Pandey]], [[Suryakumar Yadav]] and [[Piyush Chawla]].

KKR's impressive additions in the 2015 auction were veteran Australian bowler [[Brad Hogg]] and wicket-keeper [[Sheldon Jackson (cricketer)|Sheldon Jackson]]. Before the auction in February 2016, they released Ryan ten Doeschate who was a part of their team for five consecutive seasons along with pace bowler Pat Cummins. The Knight Riders were particularly noted for their change in approach from the previous auctions where they had concentrated on spinners. For the 2016 edition, however, they acquired as many as six pacers in the form of all-rounders [[John Hastings (cricketer)|John Hastings]], [[Colin Munro]], [[Jason Holder]] and [[Rajagopal Sathish]] as well as bowlers [[Ankit Rajpoot]] and Jaydev Unadkat, with the latter being a former player of the squad. They signed one spinner [[Manan Sharma]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.firstpost.com/sports/from-buttler-fortifying-mumbai-indians-to-kkrs-faith-in-pace-swot-analysis-of-ipl-auction-part-ii-2616912.html|title=From Buttler fortifying Mumbai Indians to KKR's faith in pace: SWOT analysis of IPL auction|work=[[Firstpost]]|date=8 February 2016|access-date=8 February 2016|archive-date=9 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160209070308/http://www.firstpost.com/sports/from-buttler-fortifying-mumbai-indians-to-kkrs-faith-in-pace-swot-analysis-of-ipl-auction-part-ii-2616912.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Before the 2017 auctions, they released Morne Morkel, Brad Hogg, Jason Holder, Colin Munro, John Hastings, Jaydev Unadkat, Rajagopal Sathish, Manan Sharma and replacement signing [[Shaun Tait]]. From the [[2017 Indian Premier League]] auction, they signed [[Trent Boult]], English all-rounder [[Chris Woakes]], Australian [[Nathan Coulter-Nile]], West Indian [[Darren Bravo]] and Jamaican [[Rovman Powell]]. The domestic players signed were [[Rishi Dhawan]], [[Ishank Jaggi]], [[Sayan Ghosh]] and [[R Sanjay Yadav]]. At the time, [[Andre Russell]] was banned for one year for [[doping in sport|doping]]; he was replaced by [[Colin de Grandhomme]] for the season. In January 2018, they only retained West Indian cricketers Sunil Narine and Andre Russell. Their two-time title winning captain Gautam Gambhir was released. At the auction, they retained Robin Uthappa, Piyush Chawla and Kuldeep Yadav using RTM (Right-To-Match) card. KKR also bought back opener Chris Lynn and uncapped Indian batsman Ishank Jaggi. Other uncapped batsmen bought were [[Nitish Rana]], [[Shubman Gill]], [[Cameron Delport]], [[Rinku Singh (cricketer)|Rinku Singh]] and [[Apoorv Wankhade]]. They also bought West Indian uncapped all-rounder [[Javon Searles]] and uncapped Indian all-rounders [[Kamlesh Nagarkoti]] and [[Shivam Mavi]]. Other signings were veteran Indian wicket-keeper [[Dinesh Karthik]], Australian pace bowlers [[Mitchell Starc]] and [[Mitchell Johnson (cricketer)|Mitchell Johnson]] and former Knight Riders player [[Vinay Kumar]].

On 4 March 2018, Dinesh Karthik was appointed as the captain of KKR for [[2018 Indian Premier League|IPL 2018]] and Robin Uthappa was named vice-captain.<ref>{{cite web|title =Karthik to lead KKR in IPL 2018|date =4 March 2018|url =http://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/100720/dinesh-karthik-india-cricket-player-to-lead-kolkata-knight-riders-in-ipl-cricket-tournament-2018|access-date =4 March 2018|publisher =Cricbuzz|archive-date =4 March 2018|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20180304172807/http://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/100720/dinesh-karthik-india-cricket-player-to-lead-kolkata-knight-riders-in-ipl-cricket-tournament-2018|url-status =live}}</ref> [[Mitchell Starc]] was ruled out before the season due to injury and [[Tom Curran (cricketer)|Tom Curran]] was announced as his replacement. Ahead of the auction for IPL 2019, eight players were released from the squad including Mitchell Starc and his replacement Tom Curran.

At the auction, their high-profile buys were [[Carlos Brathwaite]] for {{INRConvert|50|m}} and [[New Zealand]] pacer [[Lockie Ferguson]] for {{INRConvert|16|m}}. Other players bought were [[South Africa]]n pacer [[Anrich Nortje]], English duo [[Harry Gurney]] and [[Joe Denly]] as well as uncapped Indian players [[Nikhil Naik]], [[Prithvi Raj (cricketer)|Prithvi Raj Yarra]] and [[Shrikant Mundhe]] for their base prices of {{INRConvert|2|m}} each. Before [[2020 Indian Premier League|IPL 2020]], KKR released 11 players from their squad and also traded in [[Siddhesh Lad]] from [[Mumbai Indians]].

At the 2020 IPL Auction, KKR bought pace bowler [[Pat Cummins]] for ₹15.5 crores. This was the biggest buy in the auction.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ipl/ipl-news/ipl-2020-auction-players-sold-unsold-expensive-pat-cummins-maxwell-piyush-chawla-jaydev-unadkat-cottrell-hemyer-csk-dc-mi-srh-kkr-kxip-rr-srh/article30351332.ece|title=IPL 2020 auction: Cummins, Maxwell big overseas buys; Chawla top Indian draw|first=Shayan|last=Acharya|website=Sportstar|date=19 December 2019|access-date=19 May 2020|archive-date=20 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820042634/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ipl/ipl-news/ipl-2020-auction-players-sold-unsold-expensive-pat-cummins-maxwell-piyush-chawla-jaydev-unadkat-cottrell-hemyer-csk-dc-mi-srh-kkr-kxip-rr-srh/article30351332.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> KKR also purchased [[Eoin Morgan]], who just came off as captain of the [[ICC Cricket World Cup 2019|World Cup winning England squad]]. He was bought for ₹5.25 crores.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ipl/ipl-news/ipl-2020-auction-eoin-morgan-kkr-world-cup-2019-england/article30347538.ece|title=IPL 2020 auction: Kolkata Knight Riders signs Eoin Morgan for Rs 5.25 crore|first=Team|last=Sportstar|website=Sportstar|date=19 December 2019|access-date=19 May 2020|archive-date=1 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201024348/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/ipl/ipl-news/ipl-2020-auction-eoin-morgan-kkr-world-cup-2019-england/article30347538.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> On 16 October 2020, Kolkata Knight Riders skipper [[Dinesh Karthik]] handed over Kolkata Knight Riders' captaincy to [[Eoin Morgan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kkr.in/news/karthik-decides-to-hand-over-kkr-captaincy-to-morgan|title=Karthik decided to hand over KKR captaincy to Morgan|date=16 October 2020|access-date=16 October 2020|archive-date=1 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101010747/https://www.kkr.in/news/karthik-decides-to-hand-over-kkr-captaincy-to-morgan|url-status=live}}</ref>

Since 2022 was a mega auction, Kolkata Knight Riders had to release majority of players including top order batsman Shubman Gill, skipper Eoin Morgan and vice captain Dinesh Karthik. KKR retained 4 players; Andre Russell for {{INR}}12 crore, Sunil Narine for {{INR}}6 crore and Varun Chakravarthy and Venkatesh Iyer for {{INR}}8 crore each. With {{INR}}48 crore in their purse, KKR bought marquee players [[Shreyas Iyer]] for {{INR}}12.25 crore and re-signed Pat Cummins for {{INR}}7.25 crore. KKR also bought back Nitish Rana, Sheldon Jackson, Rinku Singh, Shivam Mavi and Tim Southee. Overseas players included English wicket-keeper [[Sam Billings]] for {{INR}}2 crore, English batsman [[Alex Hales]] for {{INR}}1.5 crore, Afghan all-rounder [[Mohammed Nabi]] for {{INR}}1 crore and Sri Lankan all-rounder Chamika Karunaratne for {{INR}}50 lakh. KKR also signed top order batsman [[Ajinkya Rahane]], Jharkhand left-handed spin all-rounder Anukul Roy and Jammu and Kashmir pacer Rasikh Salam Dar. They also bought back their former player Umesh Yadav for the base price of 2 crores, who last played for them in 2017. Alex Hales didn't turn up for the IPL citing personal reasons and KKR signed Australian skipper [[Aaron Finch]] as his replacement. In the middle of tournament, Rasikh suffered injury which ruled him out of IPL tournament. Due to this, KKR signed fast bowler Harshit Rana as the replacement.

==Seasons==

=== Indian Premier League ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
! Season
! League standing
! Final standing
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2008|2008]]
|6th out of 8
|League stage
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2009|2009]]
|8th out of 8
|League stage
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2010|2010]]
|6th out of 8
|League stage
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2011|2011]]
|4th out of 10
|Playoffs
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2012|2012]]
|2nd out of 9
|style="background: gold;"| '''Champions'''
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2013|2013]]
|7th out of 9
|League stage
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2014|2014]]
|2nd out of 8
| style="background: gold;"| '''Champions'''
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2015|2015]]
|5th out of 8
|League stage
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2016|2016]]
|4th out of 8
|Playoffs
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2017|2017]]
|3rd out of 8
|Playoffs
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2018|2018]]
|3rd out of 8
|Playoffs
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2019|2019]]
|5th out of 8
|League stage
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2020|2020]]
|5th out of 8
|League stage
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2021|2021]]
|4th out of 8
| style="background: silver;"| '''Runners-up'''
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2022|2022]]
|7th out of 10
|League stage
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2023|2023]]
|7th out of 10
|League stage
|}

=== Champions League T20 ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
! Season
! League standing
! Final standing
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2011|2011]]
|5th out of 10
|League stage
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2012|2012]]
|6th out of 10
|League stage
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2013|2013]]
|colspan="2" |DNQ
|-
![[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2014|2014]]
|2nd out of 10
| style="background: silver;"|'''Runners-up'''
|}

== Current squad ==
* Players with international caps are listed in '''bold'''.
* {{color box|border=darkgray|#FFCCCC|<nowiki>*</nowiki>}} denotes a player who is unavailable for rest of the season.
* {{color box|border=darkgray|#EEE8AA|<nowiki>*</nowiki>}} denotes a player who will be partially unavailable.
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;"
|-
!No.
!Name
!Nationality
!Birth date
!Batting style
!Bowling style
!Year signed
! Salary
!Notes
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Batters
|-
|27||'''[[Nitish Rana]]'''||{{cr|India}}||{{Birth date and age|1993|12|27|df=y}}||Left-handed||Right-arm [[off break]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2018||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|8|c}} || [[Captain (cricket)|Captain]]{{efn|name=Captain|Shreyas Iyer was originally appointed captain but after Iyer was ruled out of the tournament, Nitish Rana was appointed as his replacement.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nitish Rana to captain KKR in place of injured Shreyas Iyer |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2023-nitish-rana-to-lead-kkr-in-place-of-injured-shreyas-iyer-1365466 |access-date=5 April 2023 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en |archive-date=4 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404042128/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2023-nitish-rana-to-lead-kkr-in-place-of-injured-shreyas-iyer-1365466 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
|-

|35||'''[[Rinku Singh (cricketer)|Rinku Singh]]'''||{{cr|India}}||{{Birth date and age|1997|10|12|df=y}}||Left-handed||Right-arm [[off break]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2018 || style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|55|l}} ||

|-
|1||'''[[Mandeep Singh]]'''||{{cr|IND}}||{{Birth date and age|1991|12|18|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm medium||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|50|l}} ||
|-
|{{NA}}||'''[[ Jason Roy]]'''||{{cr|England}}||{{Birth date and age|1990|7|21|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right arm-medium ||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|2.8|c}} || Overseas; Replacement for [[Shakib Al Hasan]]<ref name=":57">{{Cite web|date=5 April 2023|title=IPL 2023: Kolkata Knight Riders Sign Explosive Opener As Shakib Al Hasan's Replacement|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/ipl-2023/kolkata-knight-riders-sign-explosive-opener-as-shakib-al-hasans-replacement-3922128|website=NDTV|language=en|access-date=13 April 2023|archive-date=13 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413093005/https://sports.ndtv.com/ipl-2023/kolkata-knight-riders-sign-explosive-opener-as-shakib-al-hasans-replacement-3922128|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|{{NA}}|| [[Aarya Desai]] ||{{cr|India}}||{{Birth date and age|2003|4|3|df=y}}||Left-handed||Right-arm [[off spin|off-break]]||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Wicket-keepers
|-style="background:#EEE8AA"|
|{{NA}}||'''[[Litton Das]]'''||{{cr|Bangladesh}}||{{Birth date and age|1994|2|16|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm off-spin||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|50|l}} || Overseas
|-
|18||[[Narayan Jagadeesan|N. Jagadeesan]]||{{cr|India}}||{{Birth date and age|1995|12|24|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm medium||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|90|l}} ||
|-
|21||'''[[Rahmanullah Gurbaz]]'''||{{cr|Afghanistan}}||{{Birth date and age|2001|11|28|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm [[medium fast]]||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|50|l}} || Overseas
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| All-rounders
|-
|6||[[Anukul Roy]]||{{cr|India}}||{{Birth date and age|1998|11|30|df=y}}||Left-handed||Slow left-arm [[Left-arm orthodox spin|orthodox spin]]|| style="text-align:center;"| 2022 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
|12|| '''[[Andre Russell]]''' || {{cr|West Indies}} || {{birth date and age|1988|4|29|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|fast-medium]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2014 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|12|c}} || Overseas
|-
|25|| '''[[Venkatesh Iyer]]'''|| {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1994|12|25|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[Fast bowling|medium]] || style="text-align:center;"| 2021 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|8|c}} ||
|-
|74|| '''[[Sunil Narine]]''' || {{cr|West Indies}}|| {{birth date and age|1988|5|26|df=y}} || Left-handed || Right-arm [[off break]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2012 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|6|c}} || Overseas
|-
|{{NA}}||'''[[David Wiese]]'''||{{cr|Namibia}}||{{Birth date and age|1985|5|18|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm fast medium||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|1|c}} || Overseas
|-

! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Pace bowlers
|-
|19||'''[[Umesh Yadav]]'''||{{cr|India}}||{{Birth date and age|1987|10|25|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm [[fast bowling|fast]]||style="text-align:center;"| 2022 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|2|c}} ||
|-
|38||'''[[Tim Southee]]'''||{{cr|New Zealand}}||{{Birth date and age|1988|12|11|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm [[medium fast]]||style="text-align:center;"| 2021 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|1.5|c}} || Overseas
|-
|22||[[Harshit Rana]]||{{cr|India}}||{{Birth date and age|2001|12|22|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm [[fast bowling|fast medium]]||style="text-align:center;"| 2022 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
|136||[[Kulwant Khejroliya]]||{{cr|IND}}||{{Birth date and age|1992|3|13|df=y}}||Left-handed||Left-arm fast medium||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
|69|| '''[[Lockie Ferguson]]''' || {{cr|New Zealand}}|| {{birth date and age|1991|6|13|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[fast bowling|fast]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2022 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|10|c}} || Overseas
|-
|54||'''[[Shardul Thakur]]'''||{{cr|India}}||{{Birth date and age|1991|10|16|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm [[fast bowling|fast medium]]||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|10.75|c}} ||
|-
|{{NA}}||[[Vaibhav Arora]]||{{cr|IND}}||{{Birth date and age|1997|12|14|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm fast medium||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|60|l}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Spin bowlers
|-
|29|| '''[[Varun Chakravarthy]]''' || {{cr|IND}} || {{birth date and age|1991|8|29|df=y}} || Right-handed || Right-arm [[leg break]] || style="text-align:center;" | 2020 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|8|c}} ||
|-
|5||[[Suyash Sharma]]||{{cr|IND}}||{{Birth date and age|2003|5|15|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm [[Leg spin|leg break]]||style="text-align:center;"| 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|20|l}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" style="background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center;"| Injured Players
|-
|-style="background:#FFCCCC"|
|41||'''[[Shreyas Iyer]]'''||{{cr|India}}||{{Birth date and age|1994|12|6|df=y}}||Right-handed||Right-arm [[leg break]]|| style="text-align:center;" | 2022 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|12.5|c}} ||{{efn|name=Captain}}
|-
|-style="background:#FFCCCC"|
|{{NA}}||'''[[Shakib Al Hasan]]'''||{{cr|Bangladesh}}||{{Birth date and age|1987|03|24|df=y}}||Left-handed||Left-arm [[off break]]|| style="text-align:center;" | 2023 ||style="text-align:right;"| {{INRConvert|1.5|c}} ||
|-
! colspan="9" style="text-align: center;" | Source:[https://www.kkr.in/players KKR Players]
|}
{{notelist}}

==Administration and support staff==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Position
!Name
|-
|CEO and Managing Director|| [[Venky Mysore]]
|-
|Team Manager|| Wayne Bentley
|-
|Head Coach|| [[Chandrakant Pandit]]
|-
|Assistant Coach|| [[Abhishek Nayar]]
|-
|Assistant Coach|| [[James Foster (cricketer, born 1980)|James Foster]]
|-
|Bowling Coach|| [[Bharat Arun]]
|-
|Assistant Bowling Coach|| Omkar Salvi
|-
|Fielding Coach|| [[Ryan ten Doeschate]]
|-
|Team Analyst|| Nathan Leamon
|-
|Talent Scouting & Player Acquisitions|| AR Srikkanth
|-
|Team Doctor|| Dr. Srikanth Narayanaswamy
|-
|Strength and Conditioning Coach|| [[Chris Donaldson]]
|-
|Asst. Strength and Conditioning Coach|| Sagar V
|-
|Head Physiotherapist|| Prasanth Panchada
|-
|Assistant Physio|| Abhishek Sawant
|-
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | Source: [https://www.kkr.in/players KKR Staff]
|}

== Statistics ==
=== Overall results ===

Updated as of 20 May 2023

{| class="wikitable" style="width:14%;"
|+ IPL summary of results
|-
! Year
! Played
! Wins
! Losses
! Tied
! NR
! Win %
! Position
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2008|2008]]
| 14 || 6 || 7 || 0 || 1 || 46.16 || 6/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2009|2009]]
| 14 || 3 || 10 || 0 || 1 || 23.07 || 8/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2010|2010]]
| 14 || 7 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 50.00 || 6/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2011|2011]]
| 15 || 8 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 53.33 || 4/10
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2012|2012]]
| 18 || 12 || 5 || 0 || 1 || 70.58 || 1/9
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2013|2013]]
| 16|| 6 || 10 || 0 || 0 || 37.50 || 7/9
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2014|2014]]
| 16 || 11 || 5 || 0 || 0 || 68.75 || 1/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2015|2015]]
| 14 || 7 || 6 || 0 || 1 || 53.84 || 5/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2016|2016]]
| 15 || 8 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 53.33 || 4/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2017|2017]]
| 16 || 9 || 7 || 0 || 0 ||56.25 || 3/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2018|2018]]
| 16 || 9 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 56.25 || 3/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2019|2019]]
| 14 || 6 || 8 || 0 || 0 || 42.86 || 5/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2020|2020]]
| 14 || 7 || 7 || 0 || 0 || 50.00 || 5/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2021|2021]]
| 17 || 9 || 8 || 0 || 0 || 52.94 || 2/8
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2022|2022]]
| 14 || 6 || 8 || 0 || 0 || 42.85 || 7/10
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2023|2023]]
| 14 || 6 || 8 || 0 || 0 || 42.85 || 7/10
|-
! Total
|'''241'''||'''120'''||'''117'''||'''0'''||'''4''' ||'''50.63'''
|}
* Abandoned matches are counted as NR (no result)
* Win or loss by super over or boundary count included

Source: ESPNCricinfo<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/results_summary.html?id=117&type=trophy|title=Indian Premier League Cricket Team Records & Stats {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com|website=Cricinfo|access-date=5 May 2019}}</ref>

=== Result summary ===
Updated as of 20 May 2023<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/results_summary.html?id=117;team=4341;type=trophy |title=ESPNCricinfo |access-date=5 May 2019 |archive-date=19 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919182059/https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/team/results_summary.html?id=117;team=4341;type=trophy |url-status=live }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Opposition
! Span
! Mat
! Won
! Lost
! Tied
! Win %
|-
| [[Chennai Super Kings]] || 2008–2015; 2018–present|| 28 || 10 || 18 || 0 || 35.71
|-
| [[Delhi Capitals]] || 2008–present || 31 || 16 || 15 || 0 || 51.61
|-
| [[Mumbai Indians]] || 2008–present || 32 || 9 || 23 || 0 ||28.12
|-
| [[Punjab Kings]] || 2008–present ||32||21|| 11 || 0 ||65.62
|-
| [[Rajasthan Royals]] || 2008–2015; 2018–present || 27 || 14 || 13 || 0 || 51.85
|-
| [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]] || 2008–present || 32 || 18 || 14 || 0 || 56.25
|-
| [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]] || 2013–present || 25 || 16 || 9 || 0 || 64.00
|-
| [[Gujarat Titans]] || 2022–present || 3 || 1 || 2 || 0 || 33.33
|-
| [[Lucknow Super Giants]] || 2022–present || 3 || 0 || 3 || 0 || 0.00
|- style="background:#fcc;"
| [[Deccan Chargers]] || 2008–2012 || 9 || 7 || 2 || 0 || 77.78
|- style="background:#fcc;"
| [[Kochi Tuskers Kerala]] || 2011 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0.00
|- style="background:#fcc;"
| [[Pune Warriors India]] || 2011–2013 || 5 || 4 || 1 || 0 || 80.00
|- style="background:#fcc;"
| [[Gujarat Lions]] || 2016–2017 || 4 || 1|| 3 || 0 || 25.00
|- style="background:#fcc;"
| [[Rising Pune Supergiant]]|| 2016–2017 || 4 ||3||1|| 0 || 75.00
|}

Legend:
:{{Legend|#fcc|Team now defunct}}

=== Overall results in Champions League Twenty20 ===
{{main|Champions League Twenty20}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! Year
! Matches
! Wins
! Losses
! No result
! % win
! % Summary
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2011|2011]]
| 6 || 3 || 3 || 0 || 50.00 || 5/10 (13)
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2012|2012]]
| 4 || 1 || 2 || 1 || 33.33 || 6/10 (14)
|-
! [[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2014|2014]]
| 6 || 5 || 1 || 0 || 83.33 || 2/10 (14)
|-
! Total
| '''16''' || '''9''' || '''6''' || '''1''' || '''60.00''' ||
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+Result summary in Champions League Twenty20
|-
! Opposition
! Span
! Matches
! Won
! Lost
! Tied
! No result
! % win
|-
| [[Chevrolet Warriors]] || 2011 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00
|-
| [[Dolphins (cricket team)|Dolphins]] || 2014 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00
|-
| [[Hobart Hurricanes]] || 2014 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00
|-
| [[Lahore Lions]] || 2014 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00
|-
| [[Nashua Titans]] || 2012 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00
|-
| [[Perth Scorchers]] || 2012–2014 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 100.00
|-
| [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]] || 2011 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 100.00
|-
| [[Auckland Aces]] || 2011–2012 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 50.00
|-
| [[Chennai Super Kings]] || 2014 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 50.00
|-
| [[Delhi Daredevils]] || 2012 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0.00
|-
| [[Somerset Sabres]] || 2011 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0.00
|- align= style="background:#fbb;"
| [[South Australia Redbacks]] || 2011 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0.00
|}

==Knight Riders Group==
Kolkata Knight Riders is part of the Knight Riders Group (KRG), a global brand in cricket, with franchises in the [[Caribbean Premier League]] and [[2022 Women's Caribbean Premier League|Women's Caribbean Premier League]] ([[Trinbago Knight Riders]]), in the [[International League T20]] (Abu Dhabi Knight Riders) of UAE and the upcoming [[Major League Cricket]] ([[Los Angeles Knight Riders]]). KRG had also acquired a franchise in [[Cricket South Africa]]'s T20 Global League, but the league was eventually scrapped and replaced with Mzansi Super League due to the absence of the board to secure a broadcasting deal.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Nayar |first1=K. R. |title=T20 Global league owners hit out at Cricket South Africa |url=https://gulfnews.com/sport/cricket/t20-global-league-owners-hit-out-at-cricket-south-africa-1.2242730 |access-date=7 May 2022 |work=gulfnews.com |date=26 June 2018 |language=en |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507155703/https://gulfnews.com/sport/cricket/t20-global-league-owners-hit-out-at-cricket-south-africa-1.2242730 |url-status=live }}</ref> Other [[Indian Premier League]] Franchises have followed KRG's path and have franchises in T20 Leagues outside India, or have shown interest for the same. In 2022, KRG announced the construction of a 10,000-seater stadium in Los Angeles, in partnership with [[Major League Cricket]], for their franchise ([[Los Angeles Knight Riders]]).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gupta |first1=Gaurav |title=Shah Rukh Khan's Knight Riders and MLC to build cricket stadium in Los Angeles |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/ipl/top-stories/shah-rukh-khans-knight-riders-and-mlc-to-build-cricket-stadium-in-los-angeles/articleshow/91200856.cms |access-date=7 May 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=30 April 2022 |language=en |archive-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507011147/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/ipl/top-stories/shah-rukh-khans-knight-riders-and-mlc-to-build-cricket-stadium-in-los-angeles/articleshow/91200856.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

==In popular culture==
A reality show by the name ''Knights and Angels'' aired on [[NDTV Imagine]] in 2009 to pick six cheerleaders for the Knight Riders for the [[2009 Indian Premier League|2009 edition]] of the [[Indian Premier League]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Shah Rukh to select cheerleaders through TV show |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-shah-rukh-to-select-cheerleaders-through-tv-show-1219098 |access-date=4 March 2021 |work=DNA India |date=5 January 2009 |language=en |archive-date=25 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125030243/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-shah-rukh-to-select-cheerleaders-through-tv-show-1219098 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sify.com/sports/knights-and-angels-imagegallery-cricket-jdqw4tajibfsi.html|title=Knights and Angels|work=Sify|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702164330/http://www.sify.com/sports/knights-and-angels-imagegallery-cricket-jdqw4tajibfsi.html|archive-date=2 July 2019|access-date=16 June 2019}}</ref>

== See also ==

*[[Trinbago Knight Riders]]
*[[Abu Dhabi Knight Riders]]
*[[Los Angeles Knight Riders]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://www.kkr.in/}}
* [https://www.iplt20.com/teams/kolkata-knight-riders Kolkata Knight Riders on IPLT20 Website]

{{Indian Premier League}}
{{Kolkata Knight Riders}}
{{Kolkata Knight Riders squad}}
{{Red Chillies Entertainment}}

[[Category:Indian Premier League teams]]
[[Category:Sports clubs and teams in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Sports clubs and teams in India]]
[[Category:Cricket clubs established in 2008]]
[[Category:Cricket in Kolkata]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Red Chillies Entertainment]]

Vash: Possessed by the Obsessed

2023-07-17T19:12:41Z

Politburo: Just finished drafting a fresh page.

{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Infobox film
| name = VASH- Possessed by the Obssessed
| image = File:Poster_of_movie_Vash-_Possessed_by_the_Obsessed.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| director = Jagmeet singh Samundri
| story =
| producer = Ganga Mamgai
| screenplay = Jagmeet singh Samundri
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* Ganga Mamgai
* Vivek Jaitly
* [[Rituraj Singh (actor)]]
* Kaveri Priyam
* Preeti Kochar
}}
| music = [[Mukhtar Sahota]]
| cinematography = Manoj Shaw
| editing = Jagmeet singh Samundri
| studio = Twin flame production
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2023|07|21}}<ref>https://filminformation.com/releases/vash-possessed-by-the-obsessed-21st-july-2023/</ref>
| country = India
| language = [[Hindi]]
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Vash- Possessed by the Obsessed''''' is an Indian [[Hindi]] horror film produced by Ganga Mamgai under the banner of Twin Flame Production.<ref>https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-details/vash-possessed-by-the-obsessed/movieshow/101696422.cms</ref> Directed by Jagmeet Singh Samundri, who also penned the story, screenplay, and dialogues.<ref>https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/actress-ganga-mamgais-film-vash--possessed-by-the-obsessed-is-set-to-release-on-21st-july/81859955.html</ref>

==Synopsis==
The film follows the love story of Rakshit, portrayed by Vivek Jaitly, and Aanchal, played by Ganga Mamgai. Their seemingly perfect relationship takes an ominous turn when a mysterious third person emerges, determined to ensnare Aanchal in his own world. The identity and intentions of this enigmatic individual become a source of intrigue and suspense throughout the narrative.<ref>https://filmycharcha.com/pnn/ganga-mamgai-set-to-thrill-audiences-in-supernatural-suspense-film-vash-possessed-by-the-obsessed/</ref>

==Production==
Vash- Possessed by the Obsessed is produced by Ganga Mamgai<ref>https://www.amarujala.com/entertainment/bollywood/ganga-mamgai-horror-film-vash-possessed-by-the-obsessed-trailer-out-know-the-release-date-here-in-detail-2023-07-12</ref> under the banner of Twin Flame Production. Jagmeet Singh Samundri is the director, as well as the writer for the story, screenplay, and dialogues. The film's cinematography is handled by Manoj Shaw, while editing is done by Jagmeet Singh Samundri. The film's music is composed by [[Mukhtar Sahota]], with lyrics penned by Ajay Garg. Notable singers such as Shalmali Khogode, [[Mohammad Irfan]], Yasir Desai, [[Palak Muchhal]], Pawani Pandey, and Sanhita Majumdar have lent their voices to the film's soundtrack. The music is released under the Zee Music company.
The film was shot at various locations including [[Dharamshala]] and [[Manali]]. Vash- Possessed by the Obsessed is set to release on 21 July 2023 in theatres across India.<ref>https://twitter.com/taran_adarsh/status/1679008159665631233</ref> The film's distribution is handled by Jai Viratra Entertainment Limited<ref>https://talktoiconic.com/jaiviratra-entertainment-releases-the-trailer-of-their-upcoming-supernatural-thriller-film-vash/</ref>.

==Cast==
* Ganga Mamgai as Aanchal
* Vivek Jaitly as Rakshit
* [[Rituraj Singh (actor)]] as Shashtri
* Kaveri Priyam as Pooja
* Preeti Kochar as Rakshit's mother

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/vash/
* https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/vash-possessed-by-the-obsessed/ET00364299
* https://www.imdb.com/title/tt28306975/
* https://www.movietalkies.com/movies/vash/
* https://www.filmibeat.com/bollywood/movies/vash/cast-crew.html

[[Category:Hindi-language drama films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:2023 drama films]]
[[Category:2023 films]]

News18 Urdu

2023-02-11T17:52:49Z

Politburo: Wrote an enlightening manuscript.

{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Use Indian English}}
{{Unreferenced}}
{{Infobox television channel
| name = News 18 J&K-Ladakh-Himachal {{nobold|{{lang|ur|{{Nastaliq|نیوز ١٨ اردو}}}}}}
| logo = News18 Urdu logo.png
| logo_size = 195px
| logo_alt =
| launch_date = 15 August 2001
| country = India
| language = [[Urdu]]
| headquarters = [[Hyderabad]], [[Telangana]], [[India]]
| replaced = ETV Urdu
| picture_format = [[4:3]] ([[576i]], [[SDTV]]) 
| sister_channels = {{Collapsible list
| list_style = text-align:left;
| 1 = [[News18 India]] [[CNN-News18]] [[News18 Bangla]] [[News18 Lokmat]] News18 Gujarati [[News18 Kannada]] [[News18 Tamil Nadu]] [[News 18 Kerala]] [[News18 Assam-North East]] [[News18 Odia]] [[News18 Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand]] News18 Madhya Pradesh-Chhattisgarh [[News18 Bihar-Jharkhand]] News18 Punjab-Haryana [[News18 Rajasthan]]
}}
| sat_serv_1 =
| sat_chan_1 =
| sat_serv_2 =
| sat_chan_2 =
| cable_serv_1 =
| cable_chan_1 =
| cable_serv_2 =
| cable_chan_2 =
| website = {{URL|http://urdu.news18.com/}}
| online_serv_1 = Live Stream
| online_chan_1 = [https://urdu.news18.com/live-tv/ Watch Live]
}}

'''News 18 J&K-Ladakh-Himachal''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|نیوز ١٨ اردو}}}}) is an Indian [[television network]] that broadcasts in [[Urdu]] and is owned by [[Network 18]] which is owned and operated by [[Reliance Industries]]. It was launched on 15 August 2001 by Media Baron [[Ramoji Rao]]. It is the first Urdu Language channel of [[India]].

==History==
The Urdu language has long been an integral part of the cultural fabric of India. Some of the [[Bollywood]] film industry's legacies come from this language. It is one of the official languages of India.

==Establishment==
After identifying a lack of a channel that showcased the Urdu language, ETV Network started India's first Urdu language TV channel: ETV Urdu, on 15 August 2001. It now caters to a large section of Urdu speaking population in India. It also aims to target [[Pakistan]]i viewers as Urdu is their national language. It is also available in [[Bangladesh]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[UAE]], United States and UK. Main programming includes serials, debates on culturally and socially relevant subjects, dramas, news, religious and other infotainment programs.

==Administration==
News18 Urdu is India's full-time Urdu News channel which relays news and programs 24 hours a day. It is owned by [[Network 18]] which is owned and operated by [[Reliance Industries]]. To cater to the needs of Maharashtra, Karnataka, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states audience, the News 18 management started regional bulletins.

{{DEFAULTSORT:News 18 Urdu}}
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 2001]]
[[Category:Television stations in Hyderabad]]
[[Category:Urdu-language mass media]]
[[Category:Urdu-language television channels in India]]
[[Category:24-hour television news channels in India]]

East Bengal

2023-01-20T17:58:04Z

Politburo: Published a well-researched resource.

{{Short description|Geographical eastern wing of the Dominion of Pakistan (1947–1955)}}
{{About|the former province of Pakistan that existed between 1947 and 1955|the football club in West Bengal, India|East Bengal Club|the Indian Province that existed between 1905 and 1911|Eastern Bengal and Assam Province}}
{{Infobox former country
| conventional_long_name = East Bengal
| native_name = {{lang-bn|পূর্ব বাংলা}} {{lang-ur|{{nq|مشرقی بنگال}}}}
| common_name = East Bengal
| status = [[Provinces of Pakistan|Province]] of the [[Dominion of Pakistan]]
| p1 = Bengal Presidency
| flag_p1 = Flag of British Bengal.svg
| s1 = East Pakistan
| flag_s1 = Flag of Pakistan.svg
| national_anthem =
| image_map = Bangladesh on the globe (Bangladesh centered).svg
| image_flag =
| flag_caption =
| image_coat =
| capital = [[Dacca]] (currently known as [[Dhaka]])
| common_languages = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Urdu]] and English
| religion =
| government_type = [[Parliamentary democracy|Parliamentary]] [[constitutional monarchy]]
| legislature = [[East Bengal Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]]
| date_start = 15 August
| year_start = 1947
| event_start = [[Partition of Bengal (1947)|Second Partition of Bengal]]
| date_end = 14 October
| year_end = 1955
| event_end = [[One Unit]]
| currency = [[Pakistani rupee]]
| today = [[Bangladesh]] [[India]]{{efn|name=IndBangla}}
| footnotes = |
}}
'''East Bengal''' ({{lang-bn|পূর্ব বাংলা/পূর্ববঙ্গ}} ''Purbô Bangla/Purbôbongo'') was a non-contiguous province of the [[Dominion of Pakistan]]. Geographically part of the [[Bengal region]], East Bengal existed from 1947 until 1955, when it was renamed [[East Pakistan]]. Today, the area is an independent country, [[Bangladesh]]. With its coastline on the [[Bay of Bengal]], it bordered [[India]] and [[Myanmar]]. It was located close to, but did not share a border with, [[Nepal]], [[Tibet]], the [[Kingdom of Bhutan]] and the [[Kingdom of Sikkim]]. Its capital was Dacca, now known as [[Dhaka]].

The [[Partition of India]], which [[Partition of Bengal (1947)|divided Bengal]] along religious lines, established the borders of Muslim majority East Bengal. The province existed during the reign of two monarchs, including [[George VI]] and [[Elizabeth II]]; and three [[Governor General of Pakistan|Governors-General]], including [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], [[Khawaja Nazimuddin]] and [[Malik Ghulam Muhammad|Ghulam Muhammad]]. Its provincial governors included a British administrator and several Pakistani statesmen. Its chief ministership was held by leading Bengali politicians.

East Bengal was the most populous and cosmopolitan province in the dominion. It was a hub of political movements, including the [[Bengali Language Movement]] and pro-democracy groups. It was dissolved in 1955 and replaced by [[East Pakistan]] during the [[One Unit]] scheme implemented by Prime Minister [[Mohammad Ali of Bogra]].

The provincial legislature was the [[East Bengal Legislative Assembly]].

==History==
[[File:RBI 5-rupee note, overprinted Government of Pakistan, 1947, obverse.jpg|thumb|Rs. 5 banknote of [[Colonial India|colonial]] [[Reserve Bank of India|RBI]] issued under [[State Bank of Pakistan|stampage of Pakistan]]]]
{{Main|History of East Pakistan#Post-independence era, 1947–58}}

===Mandates for partition===
{{See also|Lahore Resolution|Indian provincial elections, 1946|Sylhet referendum, 1947}}
Between 1905 and 1911, a province called [[Eastern Bengal and Assam]] existed in the region as part of the [[British Indian Empire]]. The [[All India Muslim League]] was founded in the British province in 1906.

The All India Muslim League adopted the [[Lahore Resolution]] in 1940 which envisaged the creation of sovereign states in the Muslim majority areas of eastern and northwestern British India. The League won elections in Bengal in 1946, receiving its largest mandate in the province.

In May 1946, [[Rohingyas|Rohingya Muslim]] leaders from met with [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], and asked for a formal annexation of the [[Mayu Frontier District|Mayu region]]. Two months later, the North Arakan Muslim League also asked Jinnah to annex the region.<ref name="yebaw-1">{{cite book|last=Thit Maung|first=Yebaw|title=Civil Insurgency in Burma|year=1989|publisher=Ministry of Information|location=Yangon|page=30}}</ref> Jinnah refused, saying he could not interfere with Burma's internal matters. Proposals were also made to the [[Post-independence Burma, 1948–62|Burmese government]] but they were rejected.<ref name="Tinker">Hugh Tinker, ''The Union of Burma: A Study of the First Year of Independence'', (London, New York, and Toronto: Oxford University Press) 1957, p. 357.</ref>

The [[Sylhet Division|District of Sylhet]] in [[Assam Province]] also voted to reunite with the rest of East Bengal, and the Muslim League's campaign played a great role in facilitating this. A [[1947 Sylhet referendum|plebiscite]] was held which resulted in joining Pakistan. However, a large part of Sylhet's [[Karimganj district|Karimganj subdivision]] was barred due to [[Abdul Matlib Mazumdar]]'s delegation. The [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]], which had a 97% non-Muslim population (mostly [[Buddhism in Bangladesh|Buddhist]]), was awarded to [[Pakistan]] by the Boundary Commission due to it being inaccessible to India and to provide a substantial rural [[buffer zone|buffer]] to support [[Chittagong]], a major city and port; advocates for Pakistan forcefully argued to the Bengal Boundary Commission that the only approach was through Chittagong.

As a result of these mandates, the [[Mountbatten Plan]] and [[Radcliffe Line]] established East Bengal as a province of the newly formed Dominion of Pakistan in August 1947.

===Nazimuddin ministry===
[[File:Governor General Khawaja Nazimuddin and Pakistan Cricket Team.jpg|thumb|Sir [[Khawaja Nazimuddin]] with the [[Pakistan cricket team]]]]
Sir [[Khawaja Nazimuddin]], a former [[Prime Minister of Bengal]], was the first Chief Minister of East Bengal after partition. Nazimuddin was a senior leader of the Muslim League and a close confidante of Pakistan's founder [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]. Sir [[Frederick Chalmers Bourne]] was the first Governor of East Bengal. Partition resulted in making many Hindus to leave East Bengal while Muslims from different parts of the Indian subcontinent migrated to East Bengal. The East-West Bengal border did not see as much violence as seen in the Punjab border between North India and Pakistan.

Jinnah made his sole visit to East Bengal as governor general in 1948. During a speech to students in [[Dhaka University]], he resisted demands to make [[Bengali language|Bengali]] a federal language. His refusal sparked fierce protests among East Bengalis who comprised the majority of Pakistan's population. The proposal for Urdu as the sole national language met with strong opposition in East Bengal, where Urdu considered rather alien, especially in light in Bengali's rich literary heritage.

When Jinnah died in 1948, Nazimuddin became the Governor General of Pakistan.

===Amin ministry===
[[File:21 Feb 1952 just before breaking Curfew.png|thumb|[[Language Movement Day]], 1952]]
The conservative Muslim League leader [[Nurul Amin]] succeeded Nazimuddin as Chief Minister. According to some sources, Amin had strained relations with the federal government, including Prime Minister [[Liaquat Ali Khan]] and Governor General Khawaja Nazimuddin. Historians have noted that Amin's government was not strong enough to administer the provincial state; it was completely under the control of the central government of Nazimuddin. His government did not enjoy enough power and lacked vision, imagination, and initiatives.

In 1949, [[Maulana Bhashani]] led left-wing elements in the Muslim League to break away and form the [[Bangladesh Awami League|Awami Muslim League]]. The new party was joined by [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy]], a former Prime Minister of British Bengal. The new party later dropped the word Muslim, fashioned itself as secular and courted votes from East Bengal's large non-Muslim minorities.

The [[Bengali Language Movement|language movement]] reached a climax in 1952. During the unrest, the police shot dead four student activists. This raised more opposition in the region to the Muslim League.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mahmood |first=Safdar |year=1997 |title=Pakistan: Rule of Muslim League and Inception of Democracy (1947-54) |location=Lahore |publisher=Jang Publications |page=116 |oclc=39399433 |quote=Agitation started in 1952 as a reaction against Nazimiid-Din's announcement in Dacca that only Urdu would be the national language. Police opened fire on the demonstrating students, killing four of them. The incident left deep scars on the body politic ... and sealed the fate of the Muslim League in East Pakistan.}}</ref> Leading politicians in West and East Pakistan called for Amin's resignation. In subsequent provincial elections, Amin lost his seat in the legislative assembly.

===Huq ministry===
[[File:A k fazlul hoque.jpg|thumb|[[A. K. Fazlul Huq]]]]
In the 1954, the [[United Front (East Pakistan)|United Front]] coalition resoundingly defeated the Muslim League with a landslide majority. The coalition included the Awami League, the [[Krishak Praja Party]], the Democracy Party and Nizam-e-Islam. The esteemed lawyer [[A. K. Fazlul Huq]], popularly known as the Sher-e-Bangla (Lion of Bengal), became Chief Minister. Huq established the [[Bangla Academy]] and called for greater provincial autonomy. He wanted the federal government's responsibilities limited to only foreign affairs and defense.

[[King Saud]] of Saudi Arabia sent a plane to bring Huq to a meeting with the monarch.<ref>CHRONOLOGY January 1, 1954 — December 31, 1954 Pakistan Horizon Vol. 7, No. 4 (December, 1954), pp. 238-246</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' published an article claiming Huq wanted independence for East Bengal. While visiting Calcutta and New Delhi, Huq was received by Indian leaders. Barely a few months into office, Huq was dismissed by Governor General Ghulam Muhammad due to allegations against of Huq of inciting secession.

===Sarkar ministry===
After [[Governor General of Pakistan|Governor General]]'s rule was withdrawn in 1954, [[Abu Hussain Sarkar]] briefly served as chief minister, before Governor General's rule was again imposed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Sarkar,_Abu_Hossain |title = Sarkar, Abu Hossain |website=Banglapedia}}</ref> He started the construction of [[Shaheed Minar, Dhaka|Central Shaheed Minar]].

===Khan ministry===
Governor General's rule was withdrawn in June 1955. [[Ataur Rahman Khan]] of the Krishak Sramik Party was the last Chief Minister. His government declared 21 February, the anniversary of the language movement, a public holiday. He later resigned on 30 August 1956 over inflation of food grains and subsequent food shortages.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sengupta |first=Nitish K. |year=2011 |title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC |publisher=Penguin Books India |page=516 |isbn=978-0-14-341678-4|language=en}}</ref>

===One Unit===
As part of the reforms and reorganization policies of [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] [[Mohammad Ali of Bogra]], East Bengal was renamed as [[East Pakistan]] on 14 October 1955.

==Federal law and East Bengal==
[[File:TamizuddinKhan.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan]], Speaker of the [[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]]]]
[[File:Begum Shaista Suhrawardy.jpg|thumb|[[Begum Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah]], one of the first female lawmakers from East Bengal]]
East Bengal existed when Pakistan did not have a written constitution. Instead, the Pakistani courts relied on [[English common law]] and the [[Objectives Resolution]].

===Constitutional Coup===
{{See also|1953 Pakistani constitutional coup}}
In 1953, Prime Minister Khawaja Nazimuddin's government was dismissed by Governor General Ghulam Muhammad, in spite of enjoying the confidence of a majority in the [[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]]. The governor general later dissolved the constituent assembly itself.
In the case of ''Federation of Pakistan v. [[Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan]]'', the speaker of the dissolved constituent assembly challenged the governor general's decision in the Sindh High Court. The case proceeded to the apex court- the Federal Court of Pakistan- where Justice M. Munir ruled in favour of the governor general. Justice [[A. R. Cornelius]] expressed dissent and supported Speaker Khan. The dismissal of the prime minister and assembly was one of the first major blows to democracy and the rule of law in the Pakistani union.

===Reform demands===
Begum [[Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah]] called for Pakistan's constituent assembly to convene in Dacca as East Bengal was home to the majority of Pakistan's population.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.piia.org.pk/about-us/down-memory-lane/item/41-shaista-s-ikramullah |title = International relations, Foreign Affairs & policy, Benazir Bhutto - PIIA}}</ref>

==Governors and chief ministers==
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Tenure||Governor of East Bengal<ref name="worldstatesmen">[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Bangladesh.html 'Statesmen of Bangladesh'] Retrieved 18 April 2009.</ref>
|-
|15 August 1947 – 31 March 1950||[[Frederick Chalmers Bourne|Sir Frederick Chalmers Bourne]]
|-
|31 March 1950 – 31 March 1953||[[Feroz Khan Noon|Sir Feroz Khan Noon]]
|-
|31 March 1953 – 29 May 1954||[[Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman]]
|-
|29 May 1954 – May 1955||[[Iskandar Ali Mirza]]
|-
|May 1955 – June 1955||[[Muhammad Shahabuddin]] (acting)
|-
|June 1955 – 14 October 1955||[[Amiruddin Ahmad]]
|-
|14 October 1955||Province of East Bengal dissolved
|}

{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Tenure||Chief Minister of East Bengal<ref name="worldstatesmen" />||Political Party
|-
|15 August 1947 – 14 September 1948||[[Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin]]||[[Muslim League (Pakistan)|Muslim League]]
|-
|14 September 1948 – 3 April 1954||[[Nurul Amin]]||Muslim League
|-
|3 April 1954 – 29 May 1954||[[A. K. Fazlul Huq]]||United Front
|-
|29 May 1954 – August 1955||Governor's Rule||
|-
|20 June 1955 – 14 October 1955||[[Abu Hussain Sarkar]]||Krishak Sramik Party
|-
|14 October 1955||Province of East Bengal dissolved||
|}

==Economy, culture, religion and military==
[[File:DSTunitedOAK (4412476240).jpg|thumb|A [[Douglas DC-3]], seen here, belonging to United Air Lines, was also used by [[Orient Airways]] for flights between [[Dhaka|Dacca]] and [[Karachi]].]]
[[Orient Airways]], owned by an East Bengal-based industrialist, launched the first flights between [[Karachi]] and [[Dacca]]. The airline later evolved into [[Pakistan International Airlines]].

The [[Chittagong Tea Auction]] was established in 1949.

As a result of the Bengali Language Movement, East Bengal was a center of Bengali cultural activities.

The University of Dacca was hotbed of political thought.

The [[East Bengal Regiment]] was formed on 15 February 1948 following Pakistan's independence and transition from post British rule. The infantry of the new [[Pakistan Army]] was made up exclusively of men from the western part of the country. It was consequently necessary to raise a regiment in the east. A total of eight battalions were raised.

===Religion===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religions in East Bengal (1800 AD before partition)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hinduismtoday.com/magazine/february-2000/2000-02-a-bleak-future-for-bangladesh-hindu-s/ | title=A Bleak Future for Bangladesh Hindu's | date=February 2000 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1066829/population-bangladesh-historical/#:~:text=In%201800%2C%20the%20population%20of,over%2026%20million%20by%201900. | title=Population of Bangladesh 1800-2020 }}</ref>
|label1 = [[Hinduism]]
|value1 = 56.4
|color1 = Orange
|label2 = [[Islam]]
|value2 = 41.9
|color2 = Green
|label3 = Others
|value3 = 1.7
|color3 = Brown}}
East Bengal (present-day-Bangladesh) had a population of 19 million people in the year 1800 A.D,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1066829/population-bangladesh-historical/#:~:text=In%201800%2C%20the%20population%20of,over%2026%20million%20by%201900. | title=Population of Bangladesh 1800-2020 }}</ref> of which 10.716 million people were followers of [[Hinduism]] representing a majority of about 56.4% of the region's population,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hinduismtoday.com/magazine/february-2000/2000-02-a-bleak-future-for-bangladesh-hindu-s/ | title=A Bleak Future for Bangladesh Hindu's | date=February 2000 }}</ref> while 7.961 million adheres to the [[Muslim]] faith, constituting 41.9% of the region's population as 2nd largest community.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/Outraged/truth-half-truth-and-statistics/ |title = Truth, half-truth and statistics| newspaper=The Times of India | last1=Raghunathan | first1=V. }}</ref> The smaller number of 3.23 lakh people followed [[Buddhism]], [[Animism]] and [[Christianity]], together presenting around 1.7% of the region's population.

[[File:Dhakeshwari Temple 2022 by Ruhan.jpg|thumb|Dhakeshwari Temple premises|300px]]

Bangladesh's capital [[Dhaka]] city name is said to have been derived from [[Dhakeshwari Temple|Dhakeshwari Maa]] (the Hindu Goddess [[Durga]]), whose shrine is located in the western part of the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Dhaka |title=Dhaka |website=Encyclopedia Britannica}}</ref> In Bangladesh, there's exist a blending culture of Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist, folk religion, deities and practices. Worship exchanges takes place at temples and mosques and religious folk music gatherings (especially at Vaishnavite gatherings and among Muslim Sufis). Folk deities recognized by both Hindus and Muslim have included [[Shitala]], the goddess of small pox, [[Oladevi]], goddess of cholera, [[Manasa]], goddess of snakes and are worshipped by Hindus and Muslims of Bangladesh both alike.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://factsanddetails.com/south-asia/Bangladesh/Religion_Bangladesh/entry-8170.html | title=RELIGION IN BANGLADESH AND HINDUS, CHRISTIANS AND BUDDHISTS THERE | Facts and Details }}</ref>

===Present===

[[File:Baitul Mukarram (Arabic, بيت المكرّم; Bengali, বায়তুল মুকাররম; The Holy House).jpg|thumb|[[Baitul Mukarram]] (the National Mosque of Bangladesh)|300px]]

{{Pie chart
|thumb = center
|caption = Religion in Bangladesh ([[2022 Census of Bangladesh|2022 Census]])<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2022/07/27/bangladeshs-population-size-now-1651-million | title=Census 2022: Bangladesh population now 165 million |work=Dhaka Tribune | date=27 July 2022 }}</ref>
|label1 = [[Islam in Bangladesh|Islam]]
|value1 = 91.1
|color1 = darkgreen
|label2 = [[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hinduism]]
|value2 = 7.9
|color2= darkorange
|label3 = [[Buddhism in Bangladesh|Buddhism]]
|value3 = 0.6
|color3 = yellow
|label4 = [[Christianity in Bangladesh|Christianity]]
|value4 = 0.3
|color4 = DodgerBlue
|label5 = Others
|value5 = 0.1
|color5 = red
}}

As of 21st century, the present region of East Bengal exists in form of sovereign [[Bangladesh]] today and is now an Islamic country both demographically and constitutionally as the country holds [[Islam by country|fourth-largest Muslim population]] in the globe and Islam is the official [[state religion]] of Bangladesh by Article (2A).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/act-367/section-24549.html | title=The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh | 2A. The state religion }}</ref> The population of Bangladesh is 165.2 million as per 2022 census report, of which majority of 150.49 million people (91.1 percent of [[Bangladeshis]]) follow [[Islam]], [[Hinduism]] is followed by 13.05 million people (7.9 percent of population) as second-largest religion, [[Buddhism]] being third-most followed religion and is followed by 9.91 Lakh people (0.6 percent of population), [[Christianity]] is followed by 4.95 lakh people (0.3 percent of the population) and tiny micro-scopic minority of 1.65 lakh people (0.1 percent of population) follow other religions most being [[tribal]] and [[Animists]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2022/07/27/bangladeshs-population-size-now-1651-million | title=Census 2022: Bangladesh population now 165 million |work=Dhaka Tribune | date=27 July 2022 }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Administrative units of Pakistan|Provinces of Pakistan]]
* [[East Pakistan]]

==Notes==
{{notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=IndBangla|See territorial exchanges between India and Bangladesh ([[India–Bangladesh enclaves]]).}}
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Pakistan Movement}}

{{Coord|25.2192|N|90.9889|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}

[[Category:East Pakistan| ]]
[[Category:Former subdivisions of Pakistan]]
[[Category:1947 establishments in East Pakistan]]
[[Category:1955 disestablishments in Pakistan]]

Entertainment industry in India

2023-01-16T12:03:26Z

Politburo: Crafted a new article format.

#REDIRECT [[Cinema of India]]

Tughlaq dynasty

2022-05-31T05:10:53Z

Politburo: Shared an engaging article.

{{short description|Third Muslim dynasty which ruled the Delhi Sultanate from 1320 to 1413}}

{{use dmy dates}}
{{use Indian English}}
{{for multi|the play by Girish Karnad|Tughlaq (play)|the Indian magazine|Thuglak}}
{{Infobox country
| native_name =
| image_flag = Delhi Sultanate Flag.svg
| flag_type = Flag of the Tughlaq dynasty according to the contemporary ''[[Catalan Atlas]]'' ({{circa}} 1375).<ref>Grey flag with black vertical stripe according to the ''[[Catalan Atlas]]'' of {{circa}} 1375: [[File:Flag of the Delhi Tughlaq Sultanate according to the Catalan Atlas.jpg|60px]] in [[:File:Sultan of Delhi (top) and King of Vijayanagar (bottom) in the Catalan Atlas of 1375.jpg|the depiction of the Delhi Sultanate in the Catalan Atlas]]</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kadoi |first1=Yuka |title=On the Timurid flag |journal=Beiträge zur islamischen Kunst und Archäologie |volume=2 |page=148 |url=https://www.academia.edu/17410816|quote="...helps identify another curious flag found in northern India – a brown or originally sliver flag with a vertical black line – as the flag of the Delhi Sultanate (602-962/1206-1555)."}}</ref><ref>Note: other sources describe the use of two flags: the black [[Abbasid Caliphate|Abbasid]] flag, and the red [[Ghurid dynasty|Ghurid]] flag, as well as various banners with figures of the new moon, a dragon or a lion. "Large banners were carried with the army. In the beginning the sultans had only two colours : on the right were black flags, of Abbasid colour; and on the left they carried their own colour, red, which was derived from Ghor. Qutb-u'd-din Aibak's standards bore the figures of the new moon, a dragon or a lion; Firuz Shah's flags also displayed a dragon." in {{cite book |last1=Qurashi |first1=Ishtiyaq Hussian |title=The Administration of the Sultanate of Delhi |publisher=SH. MUHAMMAD ASHRAF |location=Kashmiri Bazar Lahore |page=143 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.281982/page/n159/mode/2up|quote=""}}, also in {{cite book |last1=Jha |first1=Sadan |title=Reverence, Resistance and Politics of Seeing the Indian National Flag |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-11887-4 |page=36 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-lswCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA36 |language=en}}, also "On the right of the Sultan was carried the black standard of the Abbasids and on the left the red standard of Ghor." in {{cite book |last1=Thapliyal |first1=Uma Prasad |title=The Dhvaja, Standards and Flags of India: A Study |publisher=B.R. Publishing Corporation |isbn=978-81-7018-092-0 |page=94 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AMogAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA94 |language=en}}</ref>
| conventional_long_name = Tughlaq Dynasty (Delhi Sultanate)
| common_name = Tughluq Dynasty
| era = Medieval
| year_start = 1320
| year_end = 1413<ref name=ewoxford>Edmund Wright (2006), A Dictionary of World History, 2nd Edition, Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|9780192807007}}</ref>
| p1 = Khalji dynasty
| s1 = Sayyid dynasty
| s2 = Bengal Sultanate
| s3 = Vijayanagara Empire
| flag_s3 = Flag of vijaynagara.jpg
| s4 = Bahmani Sultanate
| s5 = Malwa Sultanate
| s6 = Khandesh Sultanate
| s7 = Gujarat Sultanate
|s8 = Jaunpur Sultanate
| flag_s7 = Gujarat Sultanate Flag.gif
| image_map = Map_of_the_Tughlaqs.png
| map_width = 275px
| image_map_caption = Territory under Tughlaq dynasty of [[Delhi Sultanate]], 1330-1335 AD. The empire shrank after 1335 AD.<ref name=pjackson2003/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Schwartzberg |first1=Joseph E. |title=A Historical atlas of South Asia |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |page=147, map XIV.3 (j)|isbn=0226742210 |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=185}}</ref>
| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]
| currency = [[Ancient taka|Taka]]
| capital = [[Delhi]]
| government_type = [[Sultanate]]
| title_leader = [[Sultan]]
| leader1 = [[Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq]]
| year_leader1 = 1321–1325
| leader2 = [[Muhammad ibn Tughluq]]
| year_leader2 = 1325–1351
| leader3 = [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq]]
| year_leader3 = 1351–1388
| leader4 = Ghiyath-ud-din Tughluq Shah / Abu Bakr Shah / Muhammad Shah / Mahmud Tughlaq / Nusrat Shah
| year_leader4 = 1388–1413
| common_languages = [[Persian language|Persian]] (official)<ref name="asi.nic.in">{{cite web|url=http://asi.nic.in/asi_epigraphical_arabicpersian.asp |title=Arabic and Persian Epigraphical Studies - Archaeological Survey of India |publisher=Asi.nic.in |access-date=2010-11-14}}</ref>
| today = [[India]] [[Nepal]] [[Pakistan]] [[Bangladesh]]
}}
{{Delhi Sultanate|Tughlaq}}
The '''Tughlaq dynasty''' (also known as Tughluq or Tughluk dynasty; {{lang-fa|{{nq|تغلق شاهیان}}}}) was the third dynasty to rule over the [[Delhi sultanate]] in medieval India.<ref>Lombok, E.J. Brill's First Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol 5, {{ISBN|90-04-09796-1}}, pp 30, 129-130</ref> Its reign started in 1320 in [[Delhi]] when Ghazi Malik assumed the throne under the title of [[Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq]]. The dynasty ended in 1413.<ref name=ewoxford/><ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=90–102}}</ref>

The dynasty expanded its territorial reach through a military campaign led by [[Muhammad ibn Tughluq]], and reached its zenith between 1330 and 1335. It ruled most of the [[Indian subcontinent]] for this brief period.<ref name=pjackson2003/><ref name=whaig>W. Haig (1958), The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans, Volume 3, Cambridge University Press, pp 153-163</ref>

== Origin ==
Tughlaq dynasty was of [[Turko-Mongol]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=ÇAĞMAN |first1=FİLİZ |last2=TANINDI |first2=ZEREN |title=SELECTIONS FROM JALAYIRID BOOKS IN THE LIBRARIES OF ISTANBUL |journal=Muqarnas |volume=28 |pages=231 |jstor=23350289 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/23350289.pdf |issn=0732-2992|quote="[[Muhammad Tughluq]] and his successors were contemporaries of the [[Jalayirid]] sultans; both dynasties were Turco-Mongol"}}</ref> or [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]]<ref name="malik">{{cite book|title=Islam in South Asia: A Short History|author=Jamal Malik|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]]|year=2008|page=104|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FduG_t2sxwMC&pg=PA104|isbn=978-9004168596|author-link=Jamal Malik|quote="The founder of this new Turkish dynasty..."}}</ref> origins. The etymology of the word ''Tughlaq'' is not certain. The 16th-century writer [[Firishta]] claims that it is an Indian corruption of the Turkic term ''Qutlugh'', but this is doubtful.{{sfn|Banarsi Prasad Saksena|1970|p=460}}<ref>{{cite book |url= https://www.google.ca/books/edition/An_Advanced_History_of_Muslim_Rule_in_In/Zbc9AAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=tughlaq+indian+corruption+qutlugh&dq=tughlaq+indian+corruption+qutlugh&printsec=frontcover |page=94 |title=An Advanced History of Muslim Rule in Indo-Pakistan |publisher= the University of Michigan }}</ref> Literary, numismatic and epigraphic evidence makes it clear that Tughlaq was not an ancestral designation, but the personal name of the dynasty's founder [[Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq|Ghazi Malik]]. Historians use the designation ''Tughlaq'' to describe the entire dynasty as a matter of convenience, but to call it the Tughlaq dynasty is inaccurate, as none of the dynasty's kings not used ''Tughlaq'' as a surname: only Ghiyath al-Din's son [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]] called himself the son of Tughlaq Shah ("bin Tughlaq").{{sfn|Banarsi Prasad Saksena|1970|p=460}}<ref>{{cite book |title=The Sultanate of Delhi (1206-1526)Polity, Economy, Society and Culture |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=jNSNDwAAQBAJ |author= Aniruddha Ray | isbn=9781000007299 }}</ref>

The ancestry of the dynasty is debated among modern historians because the earlier sources provide different information regarding it. Tughlaq's court poet Badr-i Chach attempted to find a royal Sassanian genealogy for the dynasty from the line of [[Bahram Gur]], which seems to be the official position of the genealogy of the Sultan,<ref>{{cite book |title= History and Culture of the Indian People, Volume 06, the Delhi Sultanate |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qwtuAAAAMAAJ&q=Badr+-+i+-+Chach+being+a+court+poet+,+this+seems+to+be+the+official+position+of+the+genealogy+of+Sultan+Muhammad+bin+... |series= Royalty in Medieval India |page= 8 |author= Khalid Ahmad Nizami | year=1997 | publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers | isbn=9788121507332 }}</ref> although this can be dismissed as flattery.{{sfn|Banarsi Prasad Saksena|1970|p=461}}

Peter Jackson suggested that Tughlaq was of Mongol stock and a follower of the Mongol chief Alaghu.<ref>{{cite book |title= The Making of Medieval Panjab: Politics, Society and Culture c. 1000–c. 1500 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ZSGzDwAAQBAJ&q=General+belief |author= Surender Singh |date = 30 September 2019|publisher= Routledge|isbn = 9781000760682}}</ref> The Moroccan traveler [[Ibn Battuta]] states that the Sufi saint [[Rukn-e-Alam]] claimed that Tughluq belonged to the "[[Qara'unas|Qarauna]]" ''[Neguderi]'' tribe of [[Turkic people|Turks]], who lived in the hilly region between [[Turkestan]] and [[Sindh]], who were infact [[Mongols]].{{sfn|Banarsi Prasad Saksena|1970|pp=460, 461}} In addition to the fact that Barani was not corroborated by contemporary sources,{{sfn|Banarsi Prasad Saksena|1970|pp=460, 461}}<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HL2I_t_ZyQoC&dq=tughlaq+rukn+alam+of+multan&pg=PA407 |title=A Global History of Architecture |page=407 |author= Mark M. Jarzombek, Vikramaditya Prakash |isbn=9780470902486 }}</ref> Tughlaq's hateful attitude towards the Mongols make it highly doubtful that he had any ethnic relation to the Qaraunas and Mongols.<ref>{{cite book |title= World Monarchies and Dynasties |author= John Middleton |page= 966 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=R63ACQAAQBAJ&q=world%20monarchies%20and%20dynasties&pg=PA966 |publisher= Routledge |isbn= 9781317451587 }}</ref>{{sfn|Banarsi Prasad Saksena|1970|pp=458}}<ref>{{cite book |url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.147431/page/n483/mode/2up?q=qarauna |title= A Comprehensive History Of India Vol.-v The Delhi Sultanat |year= 1940|quote= Tughlaq stated that "I love my [[Dipalpur]], for me, my sword and the heads of the Mongol." }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qwtuAAAAMAAJ&q=Perhaps+it+was+out+of+contempt+that+Ibn+Battuta+used+this+term+for+the+Tughluqs+. |title= Royalty in Medieval India |author= Nizami |page=7 |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers }}</ref>

Another of Tughlaq's court poet Amir Khusrau in his ''Tughlaq Nama'' neglects any mention of Tughlaq's arrival in India from a foreign land, presuming he was born in India. His own court poet states that Tughluq described himself frankly as a man of no importance ("''awara mard''") in his early life and career, something that all of his audience knew.<ref>{{cite book |title= A COMPREHENSIVE HISTORY OF INDIA VOL.5 |url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.98116/page/n501/mode/2up?q=awara+mard |author= Saxena | year=1970 |publisher= Indian History Congress |page= 461 }}</ref> Tughlaq Nama declares Tughlaq to have been a minor chief of humble origins.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Husain |first=Mahdi |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/918427946 |title=Tughluq dynasty |publisher=Chand |pages=31 |oclc=918427946}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Habib |first=Mohammad |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/265982257 |title=Hazrat Amir Khusrau of Delhi |publisher=Cosmo Publications |isbn=978-81-7755-901-9 |location=New Delhi |pages=67 |oclc=265982257}}</ref> Ferishta, based on inquiries at [[Lahore]], wrote that the knowledgeable historians and the books of India had neglected to mention any clear statement on the origin of the dynasty,<ref>{{cite journal |author=Wolseley Haig |title=Five Questions in the History of the Tughluq Dynasty of Dihli |journal=The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=3 |jstor=25209907 |page=320 }}</ref> but wrote that there was a rural [[founding myth]] that Tughlaq's father was a Turkic slave of [[Balban]] who married daughter of [[Jat people|Jatt]] chieftain of Punjab.<ref>{{cite journal |title= Five Questions on the History of the Tughluq Dynasty at Dilli |author= Wolseley Haig |journal=The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |number=3 |page= 320 |jstor= 25209907 }}</ref> However there is no contemporary sources corroborate this statement.<ref>{{cite book |author=B. P. Saksena |author-link=Banarsi Prasad Saksena |chapter=The Tughluqs: Sultan Ghiyasuddin Tughluq |editor1=Mohammad Habib |editor2=Khaliq Ahmad Nizami |title=A Comprehensive History of India |volume=5: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526) |year=1992 |orig-year=1970 |publisher=The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_9cmAQAAMAAJ |oclc=31870180 |page=461 }}</ref> The historian Fouzia Ahmed points out that as per the ''Tughlaq Nama'', Tughlaq was not a Balbanid slave because he was not part of the old Turkic nobility, as his family was of humble origins which was newly emergent only during [[Alauddin Khalji|Alai]] rule.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Habib |first=Mohammad |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/265982257 |title=Hazrat Amir Khusrau of Delhi |publisher=Cosmo Publications |isbn=978-81-7755-901-9 |location=New Delhi |pages=67 |oclc=265982257}}</ref> The link with the region of Punjab was also exemplified in the support of the [[Punjabi people|Punjabi]] [[Khokhar]] tribes to Ghazi Malik, who played the central role in his rise to the monarchy.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=IARuAAAAMAAJ&q=khokhars+vanguard |title= The Rajputs:History, Clans, Culture, and Nobility · Volume 1 |author=Rānā Muḥammad Sarvar K̲h̲ān̲ }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=QVA0JAzQJkYC&dq=tughluq+punjab&pg=PA19 |page= 19 |author= I. D. Gaur, Surinder Singh |publisher= licensees of Pearson Education in South Asia |title= Popular Literature and Pre-modern Societies in South Asia }}</ref> His own court poet, Amir Khusro, wrote a war ballad known as the [[Vaar]] in the [[Punjabi language]] for the Sultan describing the introduction to his rise to the throne against [[Khusrau Khan|Khusrau Shah]].<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=s9VjAAAAMAAJ&q=sajan |title= Explorations: Volumes 10-11 |page= 19 |publisher= Department of English Language and Literature, Government College}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url= https://punjab.global.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/sitefiles/journals/volume14/no1/14.1_Rahman.pdf |title= Punjabi Language During British Rule |author= Tariq Rahman |publisher= Quaid-i Azam University, Islamabad |page= 1 |quote= 'Amir Khusro ba Zuban-e-Punjabi ba ibarat-e-marghub muqaddama jang ghazi ul mulk Tughlaq Shah o Nasir uddin Khusro Khan gufta ke aan ra ba Zuban-e-Hind '''var''' guvaend' (Amir Khusro in the language of the Punjab wrote an introduction of the battle between Tughlaq [1324-1320] and Khusro which in the language of India is called a '''var''')}}</ref>

== Rise to power ==
[[File:Sultan of Delhi (top) and King of Vijayanagar (bottom) in the Catalan Atlas of 1375.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Sultan of Delhi (top, flag: [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|20px]]) and the "[[Kollam|King of Colombo]]" ruler of the city of [[Kollam]] (bottom, flag: [[File:Flag_of_the_Kigdom_of_Colombo,_Catalan_Atlas_1375.png|20px]], identified as Christian due to the early [[Saint Thomas Christians|Saint Thomas Christianity]] there, and the Catholic mission under [[Jordanus]] since 1329), in the contemporary [[Catalan Atlas]] of 1375.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Massing |first1=Jean Michel |last2=Albuquerque |first2=Luís de |last3=Brown |first3=Jonathan |last4=González |first4=J. J. Martín |title=Circa 1492: Art in the Age of Exploration |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-05167-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wMK-Ba0-RG4C&pg=PA30 |language=en}}</ref> The captions are informative,<ref>The caption for the Sultan of Delhi reads: ''Here is a great sultan, powerful and very rich: the sultan has seven hundred elephants and a hundred thousand horsemen under his command. He also has countless foot soldiers. In this part of the land there is a lot of gold and precious stones.'' The caption for the southern king reads: ''Here rules the king of [[Kollam|Colombo]], a Christian.'' He was mistakenly identified as Christian because of the Christian mission established in Kollam since 1329. In {{cite journal |last1=Liščák |first1=Vladimír |title=Mapa mondi (Catalan Atlas of 1375), Majorcan cartographic school, and 14th century Asia |journal=International Cartographic Association |page=5 |url=https://www.proc-int-cartogr-assoc.net/1/69/2018/ica-proc-1-69-2018.pdf}}</ref> and several of the location names are accurate.<ref>{{cite book |title=Cartography between Christian Europe and the Arabic-Islamic World, 1100-1500: Divergent Traditions |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-44603-8 |pages=176–178 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eq0zEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA176 |language=en}}</ref>]]
The [[Khalji dynasty]] ruled the Delhi Sultanate before 1320.<ref name=holtetal/> Its last ruler, [[Khusro Khan]], was a [[Hindu]] slave who had been forcibly converted to Islam and then served the Delhi Sultanate as the general of its army for some time.<ref>Vincent Smith, {{Google books|0oUqAAAAYAAJ|The Oxford Student's History of India}}, Oxford University Press, pp 81-82</ref> Khusro Khan, along with Malik Kafur, had led numerous military campaigns on behalf of [[Alauddin Khalji]], to expand the Sultanate and plunder non-Muslim kingdoms in India.<ref name=whunter123124>William Hunter (1903), {{Google books|5IQqAAAAYAAJ|A Brief History of the Indian Peoples|page=123}}, Frowde - Publisher to the Oxford University, London, 23rd Edition, pages 123-124</ref><ref>Elliot and Dowson (Translators), [https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n102/mode/2up Tarikh-I Alai] Amir Khusru, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pages 67-92; Quote - "The Rai again escaped him, and he ordered a general massacre at Kandur. He heard that in Brahmastpuri there was a golden idol. (He found it). He then determined on razing the beautiful temple to the ground. The roof was covered with rubies and emeralds, in short, it was the holy place of the Hindus, which Malik dug up from its foundations with the greatest care, while heads of idolaters fell to the ground and blood flowed in torrents. The Musulmans destroyed all the lings (idols). Many gold and valuable jewels fell into the hands of the Musulmans who returned to the royal canopy in April 1311 AD. Malik Kafur and the Musulmans destroyed all the temples at Birdhul, and placed in the plunder in the public treasury."</ref>

After Alauddin Khalji's death from illness in 1316, a series of palace arrests and assassinations followed,<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n222/mode/2up Tarikh-I Firoz Shahi] Ziauddin Barni, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pages 214-218</ref> with Khusro Khan coming to power in June 1320, after killing the licentious son of Alauddin Khalji, Mubarak Khalji, initiating a massacre of all members of the Khalji family and reverting from Islam.<ref name=holtetal>Holt et al. (1977), The Cambridge History of Islam, Vol 2, {{ISBN|978-0521291378}}, pp 11-15</ref> However, he lacked the support of the Muslim nobles and aristocrats of the Delhi Sultanate. Delhi's aristocracy invited Ghazi Malik, then the governor in Punjab under the Khaljis, to lead a coup in Delhi and remove Khusro Khan. In 1320, Ghazi Malik launched an attack with the use of an army of [[Khokhar]] tribesmen and killed Khusro Khan to assume power.<ref name=whaig/><ref>Mohammad Arshad (1967), An Advanced History of Muslim Rule in Indo-Pakistan, {{oclc|297321674}}, pp 90-92</ref>

==Chronology==
===Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq===
After assuming power, Ghazi Malik renamed himself [[Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq|Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq]] – thus starting and naming the Tughlaq dynasty.<ref name=gsdt>[https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n236/mode/2up Tarikh-I Firoz Shahi] Ziauddin Barni, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pages 229-231</ref> He rewarded all those ''maliks'', ''amirs'' and officials of Khalji dynasty who had rendered him a service and helped him come to power. He punished those who had rendered service to Khusro Khan, his predecessor. He lowered the tax rate on Muslims that was prevalent during Khalji dynasty, but raised the taxes on Hindus, wrote his court historian [[Ziauddin Barani]], so that they might not be blinded by wealth or afford to become rebellious.<ref name=gsdt/> He built a city six kilometers east of Delhi, with a fort considered more defensible against the Mongol attacks, and called it Tughlakabad.<ref name=whunter123124/>
[[File:Tuglagbad Fort Panorama.jpg|thumb|left|Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq ordered the construction of [[Tughlaqabad Fort|Tughlakabad]], a city near Delhi with a fort, to protect the Delhi Sultanate from Mongol attacks.<ref name=whunter123124/> Above is the Tughlaq fort, now in ruins.]]
In 1321, he sent his eldest son Jauna Khan, later known as Muhammad bin Tughlaq, to [[Deogir]] to plunder the Hindu kingdoms of Arangal and Tilang (now part of [[Telangana]]). His first attempt was a failure.<ref name=lowe296>William Lowe (Translator), {{Google books|RFNOAAAAYAAJ|Muntakhabu-t-tawārīkh|page=296}}, Volume 1, pages 296-301</ref> Four months later, Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq sent large army reinforcements for his son asking him to attempt plundering Arangal and Tilang again.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n240/mode/2up Tarikh-I Firoz Shahi] Ziauddin Barni, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pages 233-234</ref> This time Jauna Khan succeeded. Arangal fell, was renamed to Sultanpur, and all plundered wealth, state treasury and captives were transferred from the captured kingdom to Delhi Sultanate.

[[File:Shah Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq arrives in Tirhut. Depicted by eyewitness Muhammad Sadr Ala-i in his BasaUn al-uns, ca.1410. Istanbul, Topkapi Palace Museum Library, Ms. R.1032 (troops led by the Shah).jpg|thumb|[[Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq]] leading his troops in the capture of the city of [[Tirhut]], from the ''Basātin al-uns'' by [[Muhammad Sadr Ala-i|Ikhtisān-i Dabir]], a member of the Tughluq court. Ca.1410 [[Jalayirid dynasty|Jalayirid]] copy of 1326 lost original. Istanbul, Topkapi Palace Museum Library, Ms. R.1032.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=ÇAĞMAN |first1=FİLİZ |last2=TANINDI |first2=ZEREN |title=Selections from Jalayirid Books in the Libraries of Istanbul |journal=Muqarnas |volume=28 |pages=230, 258 Fig.56 |jstor=23350289 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/23350289.pdf |issn=0732-2992}}</ref>]]
The Muslim aristocracy in Lukhnauti (Bengal) invited Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq to extend his coup and expand eastwards into Bengal by attacking [[Shamsuddin Firoz Shah]], which he did over 1324–1325 AD,<ref name=lowe296/> after placing Delhi under control of his son Ulugh Khan, and then leading his army to Lukhnauti. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq succeeded in this campaign. As he and his favorite son Mahmud Khan were returning from [[Gauḍa (city)|Lakhnauti]] to Delhi, Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq's eldest son Jauna Khan schemed to kill him inside a wooden structure (''kushk'') built without foundation and designed to collapse, making it appear as an accident. Historic documents state that the Sufi preacher and Jauna Khan had learnt through messengers that Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq had resolved to remove them from Delhi upon his return.<ref>Elliot and Dowson (Translators), [https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n610/mode/2up Travels of Ibn Battuta] Ibn Battuta, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pages 609-611</ref> Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, along with Mahmud Khan, died inside the collapsed ''kushk'' in 1325 AD, while his eldest son watched.<ref>Henry Sharp (1938), [https://www.jstor.org/stable/41361236 DELHI: A STORY IN STONE], Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, Vol. 86, No. 4448, pp 324-325</ref> One official historian of Tughlaq court gives an alternate fleeting account of his death, as caused by a lightning bolt strike on the ''kushk''.<ref>Elliot and Dowson (Translators), [https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n242/mode/2up Táríkh-i Fíroz Sháh] Ziauddin Barani, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pages 609-611</ref> Another official historian, Al-Badāʾunī ʻAbd al-Kadir ibn Mulūk-Shāh, makes no mention of lightning bolt or weather, but explains the cause of structural collapse to be the running of elephants; Al-Badaoni includes a note of the rumor that the accident was pre-planned.<ref name=lowe296/>

===Patricide===
[[File:Islamic Sultanates. Dehli. Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad bin Tughluq. 1325-1351 CE.jpg|thumb|Gold coinage of [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]]. 1325-1351 CE]]
According to many historians such as Ibn Battuta, al-Safadi, [[Isami (historian)|Isami]],<ref name=pjackson2003>{{Cite book|author=Jackson, Peter|year=2003|title=The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, England|isbn=978-0521543293}}</ref> and Vincent Smith,<ref name=vsoxford2>Vincent A Smith, {{Google books|p2gxAQAAMAAJ|The Oxford History of India: From the Earliest Times to the End of 1911|page=217}}, Chapter 2, pp 236-242, Oxford University Press</ref> Ghiyasuddin was killed by his son Ulugh Juna Khan in 1325 AD. Juna Khan ascended to power as [[Muhammad bin Tughluq|Muhammad bin Tughlaq]], and ruled for 26 years.<ref>Elliot and Dowson, Táríkh-i Fíroz Sháhí of Ziauddin Barani, [[The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians]]. The Muhammadan Period (Vol 3), London, Trübner & Co</ref>

===Muhammad bin Tughluq===
[[File:Sultanat von Delhi Tughluq-Dynastie.png|thumb|left|A map showing the expansion of Delhi Sultanate from 1320 (dark green) to 1330. The map also shows the location of the new temporary capital under Muhammad bin Tughlaq.]]
During Muhammad bin Tughluq's rule, Delhi Sultanate temporarily expanded to most of the Indian subcontinent, its peak in terms of geographical reach.<ref name=ebmit>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/396460/Muhammad-ibn-Tughluq Muḥammad ibn Tughluq] Encyclopædia Britannica</ref> He attacked and plundered Malwa, Gujarat, Mahratta, Tilang, Kampila, Dhur-samundar, Mabar, Lakhnauti, Chittagong, Sunarganw and Tirhut.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n242/mode/2up Tarikh-I Firoz Shahi] Ziauddin Barni, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pp. 236–237</ref> His distant campaigns were expensive, although each raid and attack on non-Muslim kingdoms brought new looted wealth and ransom payments from captured people. The extended empire was difficult to retain, and rebellions all over Indian subcontinent became routine.<ref name=zbarni/>

He raised taxes to levels where people refused to pay any. In India's fertile lands between [[Ganges Basin|Ganges and Yamuna]] rivers, the Sultan increased the land tax rate on non-Muslims by tenfold in some districts, and twentyfold in others.<ref name=whunter>William Hunter (1903), {{Google books|5IQqAAAAYAAJ|A Brief History of the Indian Peoples|page=124}}, 23rd Edition, pp. 124-127</ref> Along with land taxes, [[dhimmi]]s (non-Muslims) were required to pay crop taxes by giving up half or more of their harvested crop. These sharply higher crop and land tax led entire villages of Hindu farmers to quit farming and escape into jungles; they refused to grow anything or work at all.<ref name=zbarni/> Many became robber clans.<ref name=whunter/> Famines followed. The Sultan responded with bitterness by expanding arrests, torture and mass punishments, killing people as if he was "cutting down weeds".<ref name=zbarni>[https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n242/mode/2up Tarikh-I Firoz Shahi] Ziauddin Barni, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pp. 235–240</ref> Historical documents note that Muhammad bin Tughluq was cruel and severe not only with non-Muslims, but also with certain sects of Musalmans. He routinely executed ''[[Sayyid]]s'' (Shia), ''[[Sufi]]s'', ''[[Qalandariyya|Qalandar]]s'', and other Muslim officials. His court historian Ziauddin Barni noted,

{{Quote|text=Not a day or week passed without spilling of much Musalman blood, (...)|sign=Ziauddin Barni|source=Tarikh-I Firoz Shahi<ref name=tarikhbarani>[https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n242/mode/2up Tarikh-I Firoz Shahi] Ziauddin Barni, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pp. 236–238</ref>}}

Muhammad bin Tughlaq chose the city of Deogiri in present-day Indian state of [[Maharashtra]] (renaming it to [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Daulatabad]]), as the second administrative capital of the Dehli Sultanate.<ref>{{cite book|quote= The Sultan created Daulatabad as the second administrative centre. A contemporary writer has written that the Empire had two capitals - Delhi and Daulatabad. |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=jNSNDwAAQBAJ&q=the%20sultanate%20of%20delhi&pg=PT115 |title= The Sultanate of Delhi (1206-1526): Polity, Economy, Society and Culture
|author= Aniruddha Ray |publisher= Routledge |isbn = 9781000007299}}</ref> He ordered a forced migration of the Muslim population of Dehli, including his royal family, the nobles, Syeds, Sheikhs and 'Ulema to settle in Daulatabad. The purpose of transferring the entire Muslim elite to Daulatabad was to enroll them in his mission of world conquest. He saw their role as propagandists who would adapt Islamic religious symbolism to the rhetoric of empire, and that the Sufis could by persuasion bring many of the inhabitants of the Deccan to become Muslim.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=5xnM2RWvswgC&q=Eternal%20Garden%3A%20Mysticism%2C%20History%2C%20and%20Politics%20at%20a%20South%20Asian%20Sufi%20Center%20second%20administrative%20capital&pg=PA113 |title= Eternal Garden: Mysticism, History, and Politics at a South Asian Sufi Center
|author= Carl W. Ernst |publisher= SUNY Press |isbn= 9781438402123
}}</ref> Tughluq cruelly punished the nobles who were unwilling to move to Daulatabad, seeing their non-compliance of his order as equivalent to rebellion. According to Ferishta, when the Mongols arrived to Punjab, the Sultan returned the elite back to Dehli, although Daulatabad remained as an administrative centre.<ref>{{cite book|title= The Sultanate of Delhi (1206-1526): Polity, Economy, Society and Culture |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=jNSNDwAAQBAJ&q=non-compliance&pg=PT115 |author= Aniruddha Ray |publisher= Routledge |isbn = 9781000007299}}</ref> One result of the transfer of the elite to Daulatabad was the hatred of the nobility to the Sultan, which remained in their minds for a long time.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=jNSNDwAAQBAJ&q=the%20sultanate%20of%20delhi&pg=PT115 |quote= The primary result of the transfer of the capital to Daulatabad was the hatred of the people towards the Sultan. |title= The Sultanate of Delhi (1206-1526): Polity, Economy, Society and Culture
|author= Aniruddha Ray |isbn= 9781000007299 }}</ref> The other result was that he managed to create a stable Muslim elite and result in the growth of the Muslim population of Daulatabad who did not return to Dehli,<ref name=ebmit/> without which the rise of the Bahmanid kingdom to challenge Vijayanagara would not have been possible.<ref>{{cite book|url= https://archive.org/stream/CambridgeHistoryOfIslamVol2B/Cambridge%20History%20of%20Islam%20Vol%202A#page/n31/mode/2up |title= The Cambridge History of Islam" Volume 2A |publisher= Camgridge University Press |page= 15 |author1= P.M. Holt |author2=Ann K.S. Lambton |author3=Bernard Lewis }}</ref> These were a community of [[Urdu-speaking people]] of North Indian Muslims.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://google.ca/books/edition/Languages_and_Literary_Cultures_in_Hyder/SusrDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=bahmani+political+deccan&pg=PT120&printsec=frontcover |title=Languages and Literary Cultures in Hyderabad|author=Kousar.J. Azam |publisher=Taylor & Francis|page=8 }}</ref> Muhammad bin Tughlaq's adventures in the Deccan region also marked campaigns of destruction and desecration of Hindu and Jain temples, for example the [[Swayambhunath|Swayambhu Shiva Temple]] and the [[Thousand Pillar Temple]].<ref name=regbook>Richard Eaton, {{Google books|5PgEmMULQC8C|Temple Desecration and Muslim States in Medieval India}}, (2004)</ref>

[[File: Muhammad Tughlak orders his brass coins to pass for silver, A.D. 1330.jpg|thumb|Muhammad Tughlak orders his brass coins to pass for silver, 1330 CE]]
[[File:Forced token currency coin of Muhammad bin Tughlak.jpg|thumb|A base metal coin of Muhammad bin Tughlaq that led to an economic collapse.]]
Revolts against Muhammad bin Tughlaq began in 1327, continued over his reign, and over time the geographical reach of the Sultanate shrunk particularly after 1335. The Indian Muslim soldier Jalaluddin Ahsan Khan, a native of [[Kaithal]] in North India, founded the [[Madurai Sultanate]] in South India.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JB-B7Hk_35AC&dq=kaithal+sayyids&pg=PA82 |author=Raj Kumar |title=Essays on Medieval India |page=82 |isbn=9788171416837 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/jalal-al-din-ahsan-COM_32708 |title= Jalal al-Din Ahsan |author=Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Devin J. Stewart }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D5ItAAAAMAAJ&q=Writing+about+a+century+later+,+Ya%E1%B8%A5ya+Sarhindi+also+calls+him+a+Sayyid+form+Kaithal |title= Kusumāñjali:New Interpretation of Indian Art & Culture : Sh. C. Sivaramamurti Commemoration Volume · Volume 2 |author=M. S. Nagaraja Rao| date=1987 }}</ref> The [[Vijayanagara Empire]] originated in southern India as a direct response to attacks from the Delhi Sultanate.<ref>Hermann Kulke and Dietmar Rothermund, ''A History of India'', (Routledge, 1986), 188.</ref> The [[Vijayanagara Empire]] liberated southern India from the Delhi Sultanate.<ref>Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India by Jl Mehta p. 97</ref> In 1336 Kapaya Nayak of the [[Musunuri Nayak]] defeated the Tughlaq army and reconquered [[Warangal]] from the Delhi Sultanate.<ref>A Social History of the Deccan, 1300-1761: Eight Indian Lives, by Richard M. Eaton p.50</ref> In 1338 his own nephew rebelled in Malwa, whom he attacked, caught and flayed alive.<ref name=whunter/> By 1339, the eastern regions under local Muslim governors and southern parts led by Hindu kings had revolted and declared independence from Delhi Sultanate. Muhammad bin Tughlaq did not have the resources or support to respond to the shrinking kingdom.<ref name=vsoxford3>Vincent A Smith, {{Google books|p2gxAQAAMAAJ|The Oxford History of India: From the Earliest Times to the End of 1911|page=217}}, Chapter 2, pp. 242–248, Oxford University Press</ref> By 1347, [[Bahmani Sultanate|Bahmanid Sultanate]] had become an independent and competing Muslim kingdom in Deccan region of South Asia, under the Indian Muslim adventurer, Hasan Gangu, who was a North Indian convert to Islam.<ref name=mrpislam>See:
*M. Reza Pirbha, Reconsidering Islam in a South Asian Context, {{ISBN|978-9004177581}}, Brill
*Richards J. F. (1974), The Islamic frontier in the east: Expansion into South Asia, Journal of South Asian Studies, 4(1), pp. 91–109</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=McCann |first=Michael W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WtoAayu603kC&dq=his+name+derives+from+corruption+of+word+Brahman&pg=RA1-PA253 |title=Rights at Work: Pay Equity Reform and the Politics of Legal Mobilization |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-55571-3 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=rRxkAAAAMAAJ&q=hasan+gangu+hindu+convert |page=3 |author=Suvorova |title= Masnavi }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Husaini (Saiyid.) |first=Abdul Qadir |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zJgrnbdaefEC&q=%22Hindu+tribes+of+the+punjab%22 |title=Bahman Shāh, the Founder of the Bahmani Kingdom |publisher=Firma K.L. Mukhopadhyay |pages=59–60 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=NRluAAAAMAAJ&q=hasan+gangu+brahmin+convert |title= Hindu Muslim Communalism, a Panchnama |page=140 |author= Jayanta Gaḍakarī }}</ref>

Muhammad bin Tughlaq was an intellectual, with extensive knowledge of Quran, [[Fiqh]], poetry and other fields.<ref name=zbarni/> He was deeply suspicious of his kinsmen and ''wazirs'' (ministers), extremely severe with his opponents, and took decisions that caused economic upheaval. For example, after his expensive campaigns to expand Islamic empire, the state treasury was empty of precious metal coins. So he ordered minting of coins from base metals with face value of silver coins – a decision that failed because ordinary people minted counterfeit coins from base metal they had in their houses.<ref name=vsoxford2/><ref name=ebmit/>

Ziauddin Barni, a historian in Muhammad bin Tughlaq's court, wrote that the houses of Hindus became a coin mint and people in Hindustan provinces produced fake copper coins worth [[crore]]s to pay the tribute, taxes and [[jizya]] imposed on them.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n246/mode/2up Tarikh-I Firoz Shahi] Ziauddin Barni, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pages 239-242</ref> The economic experiments of Muhammad bin Tughlaq resulted in a collapsed economy, and nearly a decade long famine followed that killed numerous people in the countryside.<ref name="vsoxford2"/> The historian Walford chronicled Delhi and most of India faced severe famines during Muhammad bin Tughlaq's rule, in the years after the base metal coin experiment.<ref>Cornelius Walford (1878), {{Google books|WA8qAAAAYAAJ|The Famines of the World: Past and Present|page=3}}, pp. 9–10</ref><ref>Judith Walsh, A Brief History of India, {{ISBN|978-0816083626}}, pp. 70–72; Quote: "In 1335-42, during a severe famine and death in the Delhi region, the Sultanate offered no help to the starving residents."</ref> Tughlaq introduced token coinage of brass and copper to augment the silver coinage which only led to increasing ease of forgery and loss to the treasury. Also, the people were not willing to trade their gold and silver for the new brass and copper coins.<ref>Domenic Marbaniang, "The Corrosion of Gold in Light of Modern Christian Economics", ''Journal of Contemporary Christian'', Vol. 5, No. 1 (Bangalore: CFCC), August 2013, p. 66</ref> Consequently, the sultan had to withdraw the lot, "buying back both the real and the counterfeit at great expense until mountains of coins had accumulated within the walls of Tughluqabad."<ref>John Keay, ''India: A History'' (New Delhi: Harper Perennial, 2000), p. 269</ref>

Muhammad bin Tughlaq planned an attack on [[Greater Khorasan|Khurasan]] and Irak (Babylon and Persia) as well as China to bring these regions under Sunni Islam.<ref name=zb241243/> For Khurasan attack, a cavalry of over 300,000 horses were gathered near Delhi, for a year at state treasury's expense, while spies claiming to be from Khurasan collected rewards for information on how to attack and subdue these lands. However, before he could begin the attack on Persian lands in the second year of preparations, the plunder he had collected from Indian subcontinent had emptied, provinces were too poor to support the large army, and the soldiers refused to remain in his service without pay. For the attack on China, Muhammad bin Tughlaq sent 100,000 soldiers, a part of his army, over the Himalayas.<ref name=whunter/> However, Hindus closed the passes through the Himalayas and blocked the passage for retreat. [[Kangra State|Kangra]]'s Prithvi Chand II defeated the army of [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]] which was not able to fight in the hills. Nearly all his 100,000 soldiers perished in 1333 and were forced to retreat.<ref>Chandra, Satish (1997). Medieval India: From Sultanate to the Mughals. New Delhi, India: Har-Anand Publications. pp. 101–102. {{ISBN|978-8124105221}}.</ref> The high mountain weather and lack of retreat destroyed that army in the Himalayas.<ref name=zb241243>[https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n248/mode/2up Tarikh-I Firoz Shahi] Ziauddin Barni, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pp. 241–243</ref> The few soldiers who returned with bad news were executed under orders of the Sultan.<ref>Vincent A Smith, The Oxford History of India: From the Earliest Times to the End of 1911, Oxford University Press, Chapter 2, pp. 236–242</ref>

During his reign, state revenues collapsed from his policies. To cover state expenses, Muhammad bin Tughlaq sharply raised taxes on his ever-shrinking empire. Except in times of war, he did not pay his staff from his treasury. Ibn Battuta noted in his memoir that Muhammad bin Tughlaq paid his army, judges (''qadi''), court advisors, wazirs, governors, district officials and others in his service by awarding them the right to force collect taxes on Hindu villages, keep a portion and transfer rest to his treasury.<ref name=rossdunn/><ref name=berkeleychapter7/> Those who failed to pay taxes were hunted and executed.<ref name=whunter/> Muhammad bin Tughlaq died in March 1351<ref name=pjackson2003/> while trying to chase and punish people for rebellion and their refusal to pay taxes in [[Sindh]] (now in Pakistan) and [[Gujarat]] (now in India).<ref name=vsoxford3/>

Historians have attempted to determine the motivations behind Muhammad bin Tughlaq's behavior and his actions. Some<ref name=pjackson2003/> state Tughlaq tried to enforce orthodox Islamic observance and practice, promote [[jihad]] in South Asia as ''al-Mujahid fi sabilillah'' ('Warrior for the Path of God') under the influence of [[Ibn Taymiyyah]] of Syria. Others<ref>George Roy Badenoc (1901), {{Google books|KCwYAAAAYAAJ|The Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review and Oriental and Colonial Record|page=13}}, 3rd Series, Volume 9, Nos. 21-22, pp. 13–15</ref> suggest insanity.

At the time of Muhammad bin Tughlaq's death, the geographic control of Delhi Sultanate had shrunk to the north of the [[Narmada river]].<ref name=pjackson2003/>

===Feroz Shah Tughluq===
{{multiple image
| perrow=1/2
| direction = horizontal
| align = right
| title = Feroz Shah Kotla
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| footer = The Tughlaq dynasty is remembered for its architectural patronage. The famous fortress of [[Feroz Shah Kotla]] reused an old Buddhist pillar erected by [[Ashoka]] in the 3rd century BCE, the [[Delhi-Topra pillar]]. The Sultanate initially wanted to use the pillar to make a mosque [[minaret]]. [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq]] decided otherwise and had it installed near a mosque.<ref>{{cite journal |last=McKibben |first=William Jeffrey |date=1994 |title=The Monumental Pillars of Fīrūz Shāh Tughluq |journal=Ars Orientalis |volume=24 |pages=105–118 |jstor=4629462}}</ref> The meaning of the [[Brahmi script]] on the pillars (the [[Edicts of Ashoka]]) was unknown in Firuz Shah's time.<ref>HM Elliot & John Dawson (1871), [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924073036737#page/n367/mode/2up Tarikh I Firozi Shahi - Records of Court Historian Sams-i-Siraj] The History of India as told by its own historians, Volume 3, Cornell University Archives, pp 352-353</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://archive.org/stream/journalofasiatic62asia#page/600/mode/2up|title=Interpretation of the most ancient of inscriptions on the pillar called lat of Feroz Shah, near Delhi, and of the Allahabad, Radhia and Mattiah pillar, or lat inscriptions which agree therewith|author=Prinsep, J|pages=600–609|year=1837|journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society|volume=6|issue=2}}</ref>
| image1 =Feroz Shah Kotla view.jpg
| caption1 = Tentative reconstruction of [[Feroz Shah Kotla]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India no.52 |page=Plate II |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.22024/page/n49/mode/1up}}</ref>
| image2 =West Gate of Feruzabad since destroyed.jpg
| caption2=West gate of Feroz Shah Kotla, circa 1800
| image3 =Delhi-Topra_pillar.jpg
| caption3=[[Ashoka]]'s [[Delhi-Topra pillar]] in Feroz Shah Kotla
}}
After Muhammad bin Tughluq died, a collateral relative, Mahmud Ibn Muhammad, ruled for less than a month. Thereafter, Muhammad bin Tughluq's 45-year-old nephew [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq]] replaced him and assumed the throne. His rule lasted 37 years.<ref name=pjackson1999/> His father Sipah Rajab had become infatuated with a Hindu princess named Naila. She initially refused to marry him. Her father refused the marriage proposal as well. Sultan Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Sipah Rajab then sent in an army with a demand for one year taxes in advance and a threat of seizure of all property of her family and Abohar people. The kingdom was suffering from famines, and could not meet the ransom demand. The princess, after learning about ransom demands against her family and people, offered herself in sacrifice if the army would stop the misery to her people. Sipah Rajab and the Sultan accepted the proposal. Sipah Rajab and Naila were married and Firoz Shah was their first son.<ref>Elliot and Dowson (Translators), [https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n278/mode/2up Tarikh-i Firoz Shahi] Shams-i Siraj 'Afif, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pp. 271–273</ref>

The court historian Ziauddin Barni, who served both Muhammad Tughlaq and the first six years of [[Firoz Shah Tughlaq]], noted that all those who were in service of Muhammad were dismissed and executed by Firoz Shah. In his second book, Barni states that Firuz Shah was the mildest sovereign since the rule of Islam came to Delhi. Muslim soldiers enjoyed the taxes they collected from Hindu villages they had rights over, without having to constantly go to war as in previous regimes.<ref name=pjackson2003/> Other court historians such as 'Afif record a number of conspiracies and assassination attempts on Firoz Shah Tughlaq, such as by his first cousin and the daughter of Muhammad bin Tughlaq.<ref>Elliot and Dowson (Translators), [https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n296/mode/2up Tarikh-i Firoz Shahi] Shams-i Siraj 'Afif, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pp. 290–292</ref>

Firoz Shah Tughlaq tried to regain the old kingdom boundary by waging a war with Bengal for 11 months in 1359. However, Bengal did not fall, and remained outside of Delhi Sultanate. Firuz Shah Tughlaq was somewhat weak militarily, mainly because of inept leadership in the army.<ref name=pjackson1999>{{Cite book|author=Jackson, Peter|year=1999|title=The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, England|pages=296–309|isbn=978-0-521-40477-8}}</ref>

An educated sultan, Firoz Shah left a memoir.<ref>Firoz Shah Tughlak, [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924073036737#page/n389/mode/2up Futuhat-i Firoz Shahi - Memoirs of Firoz Shah Tughlak], Translated in 1871 by Elliot and Dawson, Volume 3 - The History of India, Cornell University Archives</ref> In it he wrote that he banned torture in practice in Delhi Sultanate by his predecessors, tortures such as amputations, tearing out of eyes, sawing people alive, crushing people's bones as punishment, pouring molten lead into throats, putting people on fire, driving nails into hands and feet, among others.<ref name=vsoxfordmbt>Vincent A Smith, {{Google books|p2gxAQAAMAAJ|The Oxford History of India: From the Earliest Times to the End of 1911|page=217}}, Chapter 2, pp. 249–251, Oxford University Press</ref> The Sunni Sultan also wrote that he did not tolerate attempts by Rafawiz Shia Muslim and Mahdi sects from proselytizing people into their faith, nor did he tolerate Hindus who tried to rebuild their temples after his armies had destroyed those temples.<ref>Firoz Shah Tughlak, [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924073036737#page/n393/mode/2up Futuhat-i Firoz Shahi - Autobiographical memoirs], Translated in 1871 by Elliot and Dawson, Volume 3 - The History of India, Cornell University Archives, pp. 377–381</ref> As punishment, wrote the Sultan, he put many Shias, Mahdi and Hindus to death (''siyasat''). Shams-i Siraj 'Afif, his court historian, also recorded Firoz Shah Tughlaq burning a Hindu Brahmin alive for converting Muslim women to infidelity.<ref>Elliot and Dowson (Translators), [https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n372/mode/2up Tarikh-i Firoz Shahi] Shams-i Siraj 'Afif, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pp. 365–366</ref> In his memoirs, Firoz Shah Tughlaq lists his accomplishments to include converting Hindus to Sunni Islam by announcing an exemption from taxes and [[jizya]] for those who convert, and by lavishing new converts with presents and honours. Simultaneously, he raised taxes and jizya, assessing it at three levels, and stopping the practice of his predecessors who had historically exempted all Hindu [[Brahmin]]s from ''jizya'' tax.<ref name=vsoxfordmbt/><ref>[[Annemarie Schimmel]], Islam in the Indian Subcontinent, {{ISBN|978-9004061170}}, Brill Academic, pp 20-23</ref> He also vastly expanded the number of slaves in his service and those of amirs (Muslim nobles). Firoz Shah Tughlaq reign was marked by reduction in extreme forms of torture, eliminating favours to select parts of society, but an increased intolerance and persecution of targeted groups.<ref name=vsoxfordmbt/> After the death of his heir in 1376 AD, Firuz Shah started strict implementation of [[Sharia]] throughout his dominions.<ref name=pjackson2003/>

[[File:Wazirabad mosque.jpg|thumb|Wazirabad mosque, near Delhi, was built during Firoz Shah Tughlaq reign.]]
Firuz Shah suffered from bodily infirmities, and his rule was considered by his court historians as more merciful than that of Muhammad bin Tughlaq.<ref name=whunter126127>William Hunter (1903), {{Google books|5IQqAAAAYAAJ|A Brief History of the Indian Peoples|page=126}}, Frowde - Publisher to the Oxford University, London, 23rd Edition, pp. 126–127</ref> When Firuz Shah came to power, India was suffering from a collapsed economy, abandoned villages and towns, and frequent famines. He undertook many infrastructure projects including an irrigation canal connecting Yamuna-Ghaggar and Yamuna-Sutlej rivers, bridges, [[madrasa]]s (religious schools), [[mosque]]s and other Islamic buildings.<ref name=pjackson2003/> Firuz Shah Tughlaq is credited with patronizing Indo-Islamic architecture, including the installation of lats (ancient Hindu and Buddhist pillars) near mosques. The irrigation canals continued to be in use through the 19th century.<ref name=whunter126127/> After Feroz died in 1388, the Tughlaq dynasty's power continued to fade, and no more able leaders came to the throne. Firoz Shah Tughlaq's death created anarchy and disintegration of kingdom. In the years preceding his death, internecine strife among his descendants had already erupted.<ref name=pjackson2003/>

===Civil wars===
The first civil war broke out in 1384 AD four years before the death of aging Firoz Shah Tughlaq, while the second civil war started in 1394 AD six years after Firoz Shah was dead.<ref name=pjackson1999-2>{{Cite book|author=Jackson, Peter|year=1999|title=The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, England|pages=305–310|isbn=978-0-521-40477-8}}</ref> The Islamic historians Sirhindi and Bihamadkhani provide the detailed account of this period. These civil wars were primarily between different factions of Sunni Islam aristocracy, each seeking sovereignty and land to tax dhimmis and extract income from resident peasants.<ref>Agha Mahdi Husain (1963), Tughluq Dynasty, Thacker Spink, Calcutta</ref>

{{South Asia in 1400|right|Main South Asian polities in 1400 CE, towards the end of the Tughlaq dynasty.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Schwartzberg |first1=Joseph E. |title=A Historical atlas of South Asia |date=1978 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |page=39, 147|isbn=0226742210 |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=076}}</ref>}}
Firuz Shah Tughluq's favorite grandson died in 1376. Thereafter, Firuz Shah sought and followed Sharia more than ever, with the help of his [[Vizier|wazir]]s. He himself fell ill in 1384. By then, Muslim nobility who had installed Firuz Shah Tughluq to power in 1351 had died out, and their descendants had inherited the wealth and rights to extract taxes from non-Muslim peasants. Khan Jahan II, a wazir in Delhi, was the son of Firuz Shah Tughluq's favorite wazir Khan Jahan I, and rose in power after his father died in 1368 AD.<ref>Elliot and Dowson (Translators), [https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n374/mode/2up Tarikh-i Firoz Shahi] Shams-i Siraj 'Afif, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pp. 367–371</ref> The young wazir was in open rivalry with Muhammad Shah, the son of Firuz Shah Tughluq.<ref name=pjacksonwars>{{Cite book|author=Jackson, Peter|year=2003|title=The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, England|isbn=978-0521543293|pages=305–311}}</ref> The wazir's power grew as he appointed more amirs and granted favors. He persuaded the Sultan to name his great-grandson as his heir. Then Khan Jahan II tried to convince Firuz Shah Tughlaq to dismiss his only surviving son. Instead of dismissing his son, the Sultan dismissed the wazir. The crisis that followed led to first civil war, arrest and execution of the wazir, followed by a rebellion and civil war in and around Delhi. Muhammad Shah too was expelled in 1387 AD. The Sultan Firuz Shah Tughluq died in 1388 AD. Tughluq Khan assumed power, but died in conflict. In 1389, Abu Bakr Shah assumed power, but he too died within a year. The civil war continued under Sultan Muhammad Shah, and by 1390 AD, it had led to the seizure and execution of all Muslim nobility who were aligned, or suspected to be aligned to Khan Jahan II.<ref name="pjacksonwars"/>

While the civil war was in progress, predominantly Hindu populations of Himalayan foothills of north India had rebelled, stopped paying [[Jizya]] and [[Kharaj]] taxes to Sultan's officials. Hindus of southern Doab region of India (now [[Etawah]]) joined the rebellion in 1390 AD. Sultan Muhammad Shah attacked Hindus rebelling near Delhi and southern Doab in 1392, with mass executions of peasants, and razing Etawah to the ground.<ref name=pjacksonwars/><ref name=mubi>Bihamadkhani, Muhammad (date unclear, estim. early 15th century) Ta'rikh-i Muhammadi, Translator: Muhammad Zaki, Aligarh Muslim University</ref> However, by then, most of India had transitioned to a patchwork of smaller Muslim Sultanates and Hindu kingdoms. In 1394, Hindus in Lahore region and northwest South Asia (now Pakistan) had re-asserted self-rule. Muhammad Shah amassed an army to attack them, with his son Humayun Khan as the commander-in-chief. While preparations were in progress in Delhi in January 1394, Sultan Muhammad Shah died. His son, Humayun Khan assumed power but was murdered within two months. The brother of Humayun Khan, Nasir-al-din Mahmud Shah assumed power – but he enjoyed little support from Muslim nobility, the wazirs and amirs.<ref name=pjacksonwars/> The Sultanate had lost command over almost all eastern and western provinces of already shrunken Sultanate. Within Delhi, factions of Muslim nobility formed by October 1394 AD, triggering the second civil war.<ref name=pjacksonwars/>

Tartar Khan installed a second Sultan, Nasir-al-din Nusrat Shah in [[Firozabad (Delhi)|Firozabad]], few kilometers from the first Sultan seat of power in late 1394. The two Sultans claimed to be rightful ruler of South Asia, each with a small army, controlled by a coterie of Muslim nobility.<ref name=pjacksonwars/> Battles occurred every month, duplicity and switching of sides by [[amir]]s became commonplace, and the civil war between the two Sultan factions continued through 1398, till the invasion by Timur.<ref name=mubi/>

===Timur's Invasion===
{{multiple image|perrow=2|total_width=450|caption_align=center
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| image1 = Timur invasion of India in 1397-1399.png
| image2 = Timur defeats the sultan of Delhi.jpg
| footer= Map of [[Timur]]'s invasion of India in 1397-1399, and painting of Timur defeating the [[Sultan of Delhi]], [[Nasir Al-Din Mahmud Tughluq]], in the winter of 1397–1398 (painting dated 1595–1600).
}}
The lowest point for the dynasty came in 1398, when [[Turco-Mongol]]<ref name="Manz">B.F. Manz, ''The rise and rule of Timur'', [[Cambridge University|Cambridge University Press]], Cambridge 1989, p. 28: ''"... We know definitely that the leading clan of the Barlas tribe traced its origin to Qarchar Barlas, head of one of Chaghadai's regiments ... These then were the most prominent members of the Ulus Chaghadai: the old Mongolian tribes - Barlas, Arlat, Soldus and Jalayir ..."''</ref><ref name="UNESCO">M.S. Asimov & [[Clifford Edmund Bosworth|C. E. Bosworth]], ''History of Civilizations of Central Asia'', [[UNESCO]] Regional Office, 1998, {{ISBN|92-3-103467-7}}, p. 320: ''"… One of his followers was […] Timur of the Barlas tribe. This Mongol tribe had settled […] in the valley of Kashka Darya, intermingling with the Turkish population, adopting their religion (Islam) and gradually giving up its own nomadic ways, like a number of other Mongol tribes in Transoxania …"''</ref> invader, Timur ([[Tamerlane]]) defeated four armies of the Sultanate. During the invasion, Sultan Mahmud Khan fled before Tamerlane as he entered Delhi. For eight days Delhi was plundered, its population massacred, and over 100,000 prisoners were killed as well.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hunter|first=Sir William Wilson |author-link=William Wilson Hunter|title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India|chapter-url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V02_401.gif|volume=2|year=1909|page=366|chapter=The Indian Empire: Timur's invasion 1398}}</ref>

The capture of the Delhi Sultanate was one of Timur's greatest victories, as at that time, Delhi was one of the richest cities in the world. After Delhi fell to Timur's army, uprisings by its citizens against the Turkic-Mongols began to occur, causing a retaliatory bloody massacre within the city walls. After three days of citizens uprising within Delhi, it was said that the city reeked of the decomposing bodies of its citizens with their heads being erected like structures and the bodies left as food for the birds by Timur's soldiers. Timur's invasion and destruction of Delhi continued the chaos that was still consuming India, and the city would not be able to recover from the great loss it suffered for almost a century.<ref name="marozzi-2004">{{Cite book |last=Marozzi |first=Justin |title=Tamerlane: Sword of Islam, conqueror of the world |publisher=HarperCollins |year=2004}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Josef W. Meri |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H-k9oc9xsuAC |title=Medieval Islamic Civilization |publisher=Routledge |year=2005 |isbn=9780415966900 |page=812}}</ref>{{rp|269–274}}

It is believed that before his departure, Timur appointed [[Khizr Khan]], the future founder of the succeeding [[Sayyid dynasty]], as his viceroy at Delhi. Initially, Khizr Khan could only establish his control over Multan, [[Dipalpur]] and parts of [[Sindh]]. Soon he started his campaign against the Tughlaq dynasty, and entered [[Delhi]] victoriously on 6 June 1414.<ref name="majumdar">Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). ''The Delhi Sultanate'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 125–8</ref>

==Ibn Battuta's memoir on Tughlaq dynasty==
[[Ibn Battuta]], the [[Morocco|Moroccan]] Muslim traveller, left extensive notes on Tughlaq dynasty in his travel memoirs. Ibn Battuta arrived in India through the mountains of Afghanistan, in 1334, at the height of Tughlaq dynasty's geographic empire.<ref name=berkeleychapter7>[http://ibnbattuta.berkeley.edu/7delhi.html Ibn Battuta's Trip: Chapter 7 - Delhi, capital of Muslim India] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140824053117/http://ibnbattuta.berkeley.edu/7delhi.html }} Travels of Ibn Battuta: 1334-1341, University of California, Berkeley</ref> On his way, he learnt that Sultan Muhammad Tughluq liked gifts from his visitors, and gave to his visitors gifts of far greater value in return. Ibn Battuta met Muhammad bin Tughluq, presenting him with gifts of arrows, camels, thirty horses, slaves and other goods. Muhammad bin Tughlaq responded by giving Ibn Battuta with a welcoming gift of 2,000 silver dinars, a furnished house and the job of a judge with an annual salary of 5,000 silver dinars that Ibn Battuta had the right to keep by collecting taxes from two and a half Hindu villages near Delhi.<ref name=rossdunn>Ross Dunn (1989), The Adventures of Ibn Battuta: A Muslim Traveler of the 14th Century, University of California Press, Berkeley, [http://ibnbattuta.berkeley.edu/7delhi.html Excerpts] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140824053117/http://ibnbattuta.berkeley.edu/7delhi.html }}</ref>

In his memoirs about Tughlaq dynasty, Ibn Batutta recorded the history of Qutb complex which included Quwat al-Islam Mosque and the [[Qutb Minar]].<ref name=hgibb>H. Gibb (1956), The Travels of Ibn Battuta, Vols. I, II, III, Hakluyt Society, Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 693–709</ref> He noted the seven-year famine from 1335 AD, which killed thousands upon thousands of people near Delhi, while the Sultan was busy attacking rebellions.<ref name=rossdunn/> He was tough both against non-Muslims and Muslims. For example,

[[File:City of Delhi in the Catalan Atlas (1375).jpg|thumb|City of [[Delhi]] (''"ciutat de delly"''), capital of the Tughlaqs, in the [[Catalan Atlas]] (1375).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Anderson |first1=Jennifer Cochran |last2=Dow |first2=Douglas N. |title=Visualizing the Past in Italian Renaissance Art: Essays in Honor of Brian A. Curran |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-44777-6 |page=125 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=brMlEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA125 |language=en|quote="detail of elephant near Delhi"}}</ref>]]
{{Quote|text=Not a week passed without the spilling of much Muslim blood and the running of streams of gore before the entrance of his palace. This included cutting people in half, skinning them alive, chopping off heads and displaying them on poles as a warning to others, or having prisoners tossed about by elephants with swords attached to their tusks.|sign=Ibn Battuta|source=Travel Memoirs (1334-1341, Delhi)<ref name=rossdunn/>}}

{{Quote|text=The Sultan was far too ready to shed blood. He punished small faults and great, without respect of persons, whether men of learning, piety or high station. Every day hundreds of people, chained, pinioned, and fettered, are brought to this hall, and those who are for execution are executed, for torture tortured, and those for beating beaten.|sign=Ibn Battuta|source=Chapter XV Rihla (Delhi)<ref>Ibn Batutta, Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325-1354, Translated by H Gibb, Routledge, {{ISBN|9780415344739}}, p. 203</ref>}}

In Tughlaq dynasty, the punishments were extended even to Muslim religious figures who were suspected rebellion.<ref name=hgibb/> For example, Ibn Battuta mentions Sheikh Shinab al-Din, who was imprisoned and tortured as follows:

{{Quote|text=On the fourteen day, the Sultan sent him food, but he (Sheikh Shinab al-Din) refused to eat it. When the Sultan heard this he ordered that the sheikh should be fed human excrement [dissolved in water]. [His officials] spread out the sheikh on his back, opened his mouth and made him drink it (the excrement). On the following day, he was beheaded.|sign=Ibn Battuta|source=Travel Memoirs (1334-1341, Delhi)<ref name=hgibb/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ibnbattuta.berkeley.edu/sidetrips.html |title=The Travels of Ibn Battuta |access-date=2014-08-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313013348/http://ibnbattuta.berkeley.edu/sidetrips.html |archive-date=13 March 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref>}}

[[File:Painting depicting the court of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq.jpg|thumb|[[Mughal painting]] depicting the court of Ghiyath al-Din Tughlaq{{citation needed}}]]
Ibn Batutta wrote that Sultan's officials demanded bribes from him while he was in Delhi, as well as deducted 10% of any sums that Sultan gave to him.<ref>Ibn Batutta, Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325-1354, Translated by H Gibb, Routledge, {{ISBN|9780415344739}}, pp. 208–209</ref> Towards the end of his stay in Tughluq dynasty court, Ibn Battuta came under suspicion for his friendship with a Sufi Muslim holy man.<ref name=berkeleychapter7/> Both Ibn Battuta and the Sufi Muslim were arrested. While Ibn Battuta was allowed to leave India, the Sufi Muslim was killed as follows according to Ibn Battuta during the period he was under arrest:

{{Quote|text=(The Sultan) had the holy man's beard plucked out hair by hair, then banished him from Delhi. Later the Sultan ordered him to return to court, which the holy man refused to do. The man was arrested, tortured in the most horrible way, then beheaded.|sign=[[Ibn Battuta]]|source=Travel Memoirs (1334-1341, Delhi)<ref name=berkeleychapter7/>}}

==Slavery under Tughlaq dynasty==
{{See also|Turkish slaves in the Delhi Sultanate}}

Each military campaign and raid on non-Muslim kingdoms yielded loot and seizure of slaves. Additionally, the Sultans patronized a market ({{Transl|ar|al-nakhkhās}}<ref>"nak̲h̲k̲h̲ās", Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Editors: P.J. Bearmanet al, Brill, The Netherlands</ref>) for trade of both foreign and Indian slaves.<ref>I.H. Siddiqui (2012), Recording the Progress of Indian History: Symposia Papers of the Indian History Congress, Saiyid Jafri (Editor), {{ISBN|978-9380607283}}, pp. 443–448</ref> This market flourished under the reign of all Sultans of Tughlaq dynasty, particularly Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, Muhammad Tughlaq and Firoz Tughlaq.<ref>Elliot and Dowson (Translators), [https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n346/mode/2up Tarikh-i Firoz Shahi] Shams-i Siraj 'Afif, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pp. 340–341</ref>

Ibn Battuta's memoir records that he fathered a child each with two slave girls, one from Greece and one he purchased during his stay in Delhi Sultanate. This was in addition to the daughter he fathered by marrying a Muslim woman in India.<ref>[http://ibnbattuta.berkeley.edu/sidetrips.html Insights into Ibn Battuta's Ideas of Women and Sexuality] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313013348/http://ibnbattuta.berkeley.edu/sidetrips.html }} The Travels of Ibn Battuta, University of California, Berkeley</ref> Ibn Battuta also records that Muhammad Tughlaq sent along with his emissaries, both slave boys and slave girls as gifts to other countries such as China.<ref>Samuel Lee (translator), Ibn Battuta - The Travels of Ibn Battuta: in the Near East, Asia and Africa, 2010, {{ISBN|978-1616402624}}, pp. 151–155</ref>

==Muslim nobility and revolts==
The Tughlaq dynasty experienced many revolts by Muslim nobility, particularly during Muhammad bin Tughlaq but also during other rulers such as Firoz Shah Tughlaq.<ref name=pjackson1999/><ref>James Brown (1949), The History of Islam in India, The Muslim World, Volume 39, Issue 1, pp. 11–25</ref>

[[File:Tome of Shah Rukn-e-Alam.jpg|thumb|The [[Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam]] in [[Multan]], [[Pakistan]], is considered to be the earliest example of Tughluq architecture, built between 1320-1324 AD.<ref name=yale>{{cite book|last1=Bloom|first1=Jonathan|title=The Art and Architecture of Islam 1250-1800|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=9780300064650|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-mhIgewDtNkC&q=rukn+alam|access-date=25 September 2017}}</ref>]]
The Tughlaqs had attempted to manage their expanded empire by appointing family members and Muslim aristocracy as na'ib ({{Script|Arabic|نائب}}) of Iqta' (farming provinces, {{Script|Arabic|اقطاع}}) under contract.<ref name=pjackson1999/> The contract would require that the na'ib shall have the right to force collect taxes from non-Muslim peasants and local economy, deposit a fixed sum of tribute and taxes to Sultan's treasury on a periodic basis.<ref name=pjackson1999/><ref name=afif287/> The contract allowed the na'ib to keep a certain amount of taxes they collected from peasants as their income, but the contract required any excess tax and seized property collected from non-Muslims to be split between na'ib and Sultan in a 20:80 ratio (Firuz Shah changed this to 80:20 ratio). The na'ib had the right to keep soldiers and officials to help extract taxes. After contracting with Sultan, the na'ib would enter into subcontracts with Muslim amirs and army commanders, each granted the right over certain villages to force collect or seize produce and property from [[dhimmis]].<ref name=afif287>Elliot and Dowson (Translators), [https://archive.org/stream/historyindiaast06elligoog#page/n294/mode/2up Tarikh-i Firoz Shahi] Shams-i Siraj 'Afif, The History of India by its own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, Volume 3, Trubner London, pp. 287–373</ref>

This system of tax extraction from peasants and sharing among Muslim nobility led to rampant corruption, arrests, execution and rebellion. For example, in the reign of Firoz Shah Tughlaq, a Muslim noble named Shamsaldin Damghani entered into a contract over the iqta' of [[Gujarat]], promising enormous sums of annual tribute while entering the contract in 1377 AD.<ref name=pjackson1999/> He then attempted to force collect the amount deploying his coterie of Muslim amirs, but failed. Even the amount he did manage to collect, he paid nothing to Delhi.<ref name=afif287/> Shamsaldin Damghani and Muslim nobility of Gujarat then declared rebellion and separation from Delhi Sultanate. However, the soldiers and peasants of Gujarat refused to fight the war for the Muslim nobility. Shamsaldin Damghani was killed.<ref name=pjackson1999/> During the reign of Muhammad Shah Tughlaq, similar rebellions were very common. His own nephew rebelled in Malwa in 1338 AD; Muhammad Shah Tughlaq attacked Malwa, seized his nephew, and then [[Flaying|flayed]] him alive in public.<ref name=whunter/>

==Downfall==
The provinces of Deccan, Bengal, Sindh and Multhan had become independent during the reign of Muhammad Bin Tughlaq. The invasion of Timur further weakened the Tughlaq empire and allowed several regional chiefs to become independent, resulting in the formation of the sultanates of Gujarat, Malwa and Jaunpur. The Rajput states also expelled the governor of Ajmer and asserted control over Rajputana. The Tughlaq power continued to decline until they were finally overthrown by their former governor of Multhan, [[Khizr Khan]]. Resulting in the rise of the [[Sayyid Dynasty]] as the new rulers of the [[Delhi Sultanate]].<ref name="DC">Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526) By Satish Chandra p. 210 [https://books.google.com/books?id=L5eFzeyjBTQC&dq=timur+invasion+rajput&pg=PA210]</ref>

==Indo-Islamic Architecture==
{{main|Indo-Islamic architecture}}
The Sultans of Tughlaq dynasty, particularly Firoz Shah Tughlaq, patronized many construction projects and are credited with the development of Indo-Islamic architecture.<ref>William McKibben (1994), The Monumental Pillars of Fīrūz Shāh Tughluq. Ars orientalis, Vol. 24, pp. 105–118</ref>

<gallery class="center" perrow="5" widths="155" heights="120">
File:Tughlaqabad Fort, Tughlaqabad, Delhi.jpg|[[Tughlaqabad Fort]], Tughlaqabad, Delhi.
File:Ghiyath aldin tughluq tomb.JPG|Sultan [[Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq|Ghiyath-ud-din Tughluq Shah]]'s Mausoleum in [[Tughlaqabad Fort]], Tughlaqabad, Delhi.
File:Tughlaqabad fort wall.jpg|Tughlaqabad fort wall
File:Tughlaqabad walls.jpg|Tughlaqabad Fort
File:Feroze Sha's tomb with adjoining Madrasa.JPG|Sultan [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq|Feroze Shah Tughlaq]]'s tomb with adjoining Madrassa, in Hauz Khas Complex, Delhi.
File:Remains of buildings at Firoze Shah Kotla, Delhi.jpg|Feroze Shah Kotla ruins, painted in 1802.
File:West Gate of Feruzabad since destroyed.jpg|West Gate of [[Firozabad (Delhi)|Firozabad]] (present [[Feroz Shah Kotla]]), painted in 1802.
File:Feroz shah kotla02 by ashish.jpg|[[Feroz Shah Kotla]] remains next to the Feroz Shah Kotla Cricket Stadium.
</gallery>

==Rulers==

{| class="wikitable floatleft"
! style="background:#b0dc88;"| Titular Name
! style="background:#b0dc88;"| Personal Name{{citation needed}}
! style="background:#b0dc88;"| Reign
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Sultan Ghiyath-ud-din Tughluq Shah'' {{Nastaliq|سلطان غیاث الدین تغلق شاہ }}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq|Ghazi Malik]] {{Nastaliq|غازی ملک}}
| style="text-align:center;"|1321–1325
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Sultan Muhammad Adil bin Tughluq Shah'' {{Nastaliq|سلطان محمد عادل بن تغلق شاہ }} ''Ulugh Khan'' {{Nastaliq|الغ خان }} ''Juna Khan'' {{Nastaliq|جنا خان}}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Muhammad bin Tughluq|Malik Fakhr-ud-din Jauna]] {{Nastaliq|ملک فخر الدین }}
| style="text-align:center;"|1325–1351
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Sultan Feroze Shah Tughluq'' {{Nastaliq|سلطان فیروز شاہ تغلق}}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Sultan Feroze Shah Tughluq|Malik Feroze ibn Malik Rajab]] {{Nastaliq|ملک فیروز ابن ملک رجب }}
| style="text-align:center;"|1351–1388
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Sultan Ghiyath-ud-din Tughluq Shah'' {{Nastaliq|سلطان غیاث الدین تغلق شاہ }}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Tughluq Khan|Tughluq Khan ibn Fateh Khan ibn Feroze Shah]] {{Nastaliq|تغلق خان ابن فتح خان ابن فیروز شاہ }}
| style="text-align:center;"|1388–1389
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Sultan Abu Bakr Shah'' {{Nastaliq|سلطان ابو بکر شاہ}}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Sultan Abu Bakr Shah Tughluq|Abu Bakr Khan ibn Zafar Khan ibn Fateh Khan ibn Feroze Shah]] {{Nastaliq|ابو بکر خان ابن ظفر خان ابن فتح خان ابن فیروز شاہ}}
| style="text-align:center;"|1389–1390
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Sultan Muhammad Shah'' {{Nastaliq|سلطان محمد شاہ}}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Sultan Muhammad Shah Tughluq|Muhammad Shah ibn Feroze Shah]] {{Nastaliq|محمد شاہ ابن فیروز شاہ }}
| style="text-align:center;"|1390–1394
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|''Sultan Ala-ud-din Sikandar Shah '' {{Nastaliq|سلطان علاءالدین سکندر شاہ }}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Ala ud-din Sikandar Shah|Humayun Khan]] {{Nastaliq|ھمایوں خان}}
| style="text-align:center;"|1394
|- style="background:yellow"
| style="text-align:center;"|''Sultan Nasir-ud-din Mahmud Shah Tughluq'' {{Nastaliq|سلطان ناصر الدین محمود شاہ تغلق }}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah Tughluq|Mahmud Shah ibn Muhammad Shah]] {{Nastaliq|محمود شاہ ابن محمد شاہ}}
| style="text-align:center;"|1394–1412/1413
|- style="background:orange"
| style="text-align:center;"|''Sultan Nasir-ud-din Nusrat Shah Tughluq'' {{Nastaliq|سلطان ناصر الدین نصرت شاہ تغلق }}
| style="text-align:center;"| [[Nasir-ud-din Nusrat Shah Tughluq|Nusrat Khan ibn Fateh Khan ibn Feroze Shah]] {{Nastaliq|نصرت خان ابن فتح خان ابن فیروز شاہ}}
| style="text-align:center;"|1394–1398
|}
{{Clear}}
*''The colored rows signify the splitting of [[Delhi Sultanate]] under two Sultans; one in the east (Orange) at [[Firozabad (Delhi)|Firozabad]] & the other in the west (Yellow) at [[Delhi]].''

==See also==
{{History of the Turks pre-14th century}}
*[[List of Sunni dynasties]]
*[[Persianate society|Persianate states]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===

{{ref begin}}
* {{cite book |author=Banarsi Prasad Saksena |author-link=Banarsi Prasad Saksena |chapter=The Tughluqs: Sultan Ghiyasuddin Tughluq |editor=Mohammad Habib and Khaliq Ahmad Nizami |title=A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526) |volume=5 |year=1970 |publisher=The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_9cmAQAAMAAJ |oclc=31870180 }}
{{ref end}}

== External links ==
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tughlaq Dynasty}}
[[Category:Tughlaq dynasty| ]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1321]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1414]]
[[Category:Muslim dynasties of India]]

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2022-02-26T13:08:07Z

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2022-01-04T01:49:59Z

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Black Widow: A Land Bleeds

2021-05-21T23:56:10Z

Politburo:

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Orphan|date=September 2015}}
{{COI|date=September 2015}}
{{update|date=August 2019}}
}}

{{Infobox film
| name = Black Widow: A Land Bleeds
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name = 
| director = Dinkar Rao
| producers = Dinkar Rao, Pavwan Drolia
| writer = Dinkar Rao
| screenplay = Dinkar Rao
| story = Dinkar Rao
| based_on = 
| starring =
| narrator = 
| music = Subhash Pradhan Bhavesh Bhatt
| cinematography = Manoj Pradhan
| editing = Praveen Angre
| studio = Lavanya Entertainment
| distributor = 
| released =
| runtime = 110 minutes
| country = India
| language = English
| budget =
| gross = 
}}

'''''Black Widow: A Land Bleeds''''' is an Indian film directed by Dinkar Rao. The plot is about a widow working as a prostitute in [[Mumbai]]. The film completed shooting and postproduction and then faced many problems. Originally slated to be released in 2014, it was postponed and released 3 years later in 2017. The delay has been attributed to a ruling by the [[Central Board of Film Certification]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Patel|first1=Mamta|title=Controversial film Black Widow finally gets Censor Board clearance|url=http://www.eventcombo.com/bollywood/bollywood_features/bolly_article.cfm?id=692|accessdate=26 June 2015|publisher=Desi Club|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043807/http://www.eventcombo.com/bollywood/bollywood_features/bolly_article.cfm?id=692|archivedate=4 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title='Black Widow' to release with 26 cuts|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Black-Widow-to-release-with-26-cuts/articleshow/46875800.cms|accessdate=26 June 2015|work=The Times of India|date=10 April 2015}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist
}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title| 3512798}}

[[Category:Indian films]]

{{India-film-stub}}

Ohwa

2021-03-18T23:43:38Z

Politburo:

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ohwa
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| settlement_type = Village
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Nandurbar]]
| subdivision_type3 = Tehsil
| subdivision_name3 = [[Akkalkuwa]]
| government_type = [[Panchayati raj (India)|Panchayat raj]]
| governing_body = [[Gram panchayat]]
| unit_pref = Metric


| elevation_m =
| population_as_of = 2009
| population_blank1_title = Total Households
| population_blank1 = 345
| population_blank2_title = Village code
| population_blank2 = 525091
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 2122
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = Marathi
| demographics1_title2 =
| demographics1_info2 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_total_ha = 274.24
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| registration_plate =
| iso_code = IN-MH
| blank1_name_sec2 =
| blank1_info_sec2 =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Ohwa''' is a village in [[Akkalkuwa]] in [[Nandurbar district]] of [[Maharashtra]] [[States and territories of India|State]], India. It is located {{convert|68|km}} from the sub-district headquarter and {{convert|113|km}} from district headquarter. The village is [[Administration (government)|administrated]] by [[Sarpanch]] an elected representative of the village as per [[Panchayati raj (India)]]. <ref name="census">{{cite web | url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_Village_Release_2700.xlsx | title=District Census Hand Book | work=indiapost.gov.in}}</ref>

== Demography ==
As of 2009, The village has a total number of 345 houses and a population of 2122 of which 1092 are males while 1030 are females. According to the report [[published]] by [[Census India]] in 2011, out of the total population of the village 0 people are from [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Schedule Caste]] and 2097 are from Schedule Tribes Caste.<ref name="census" />

==See also==
*[[List of villages in India]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Nandurbar district]]

{{geo-stub}}

Leisure

2021-03-18T23:41:00Z

Politburo:

{{Unreferenced|date=December 2011}}
[[File:Female children climbing up a outer side of a well rings; April 2004.jpg|thumb|Leisure]]
'''Leisure''' (or '''free time''') is when a person can choose what to do. During a person's leisure time, they do not have an obligation to be at [[school]] or work at a [[job]]. During leisure time, people can do [[wikt:fun|fun]] activities, [[family]] activities, or other non-[[Labour (economics)|work]] activity, such as hobbies.

Common forms of recreation or leisure are:

* Playing [[sport]]s such as [[football]] or [[ice hockey|hockey]]
* Playing [[game]]s such as chess or cards
* Exercising such as running or lifting weights
* Watching [[television]] and [[movies]]
* Listening to [[music]]
*[[Hobby|Hobbies]] such as playing [[piano]] or [[guitar]], knitting, or sewing
*[[Travel]]ling
* Reading
* [[Book Club]]s

A vacation or [[holiday]] is the setting aside of time specifically for leisure. <ref>https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/vacation</ref> During their vacation, some people travel to a different region or country, and stay at a [[hotel]] so that they can do things they could not do near home. Other people prefer to spend their vacation time at home in their own community.

In rich [[developed nations|industrialized countries]] such as the [[United States|US]] and [[Canada]], as well as in most European countries, workers are allowed to stay home on the [[weekend]] (usually [[Saturday]] and [[Sunday]]), and use it as leisure time. People in poorer developing countries usually have less leisure time, as they have to work longer hours and more days per year.

[[Category:Leisure| ]]

Kathore

2021-03-14T10:46:41Z

Politburo:

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kathore
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| settlement_type = Village
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Nandurbar]]
| subdivision_type3 = Tehsil
| subdivision_name3 =
| government_type = [[Panchayati raj (India)|Panchayat raj]]
| governing_body = [[Gram panchayat]]
| unit_pref = Metric


| elevation_m =
| population_as_of = 2009
| population_blank1_title = Total Households
| population_blank1 = 65
| population_blank2_title = Village code
| population_blank2 = 525746
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 348
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = Marathi
| demographics1_title2 =
| demographics1_info2 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_total_ha = 288.06
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| registration_plate =
| iso_code = IN-MH
| blank1_name_sec2 =
| blank1_info_sec2 =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Kathore''' is a village in the [[Nandurbar district]] of [[Maharashtra]] [[States and territories of India|State]], India. It is located {{convert|7|km}} from the sub district headquarter and {{convert|7|km}} from the district headquarters. The village is [[Administration (government)|administrated]] by a [[Sarpanch]], who is an elected representative of the village as per [[Panchayati raj (India)]]. <ref name="census">{{cite web | url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_Village_Release_2700.xlsx | title=District Census Hand Book | work=indiapost.gov.in}}</ref>

== Demography ==
As of 2009, the village had 65 houses and a population of 348 of which 172 are males while 176 are females. According to the report [[published]] by [[Census India]] in 2011, out of the total population of the village 0 people are from [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Schedule Caste]] and 342 are from Schedule Tribes Caste.<ref name="census" />

==See also==
*[[List of villages in India]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Nandurbar district]]

{{geo-stub}}

Draft:YourLibaas

2021-03-11T15:10:35Z

Politburo: A brief introduction

YourLibaas is an e-commerce company headquartered in New Delhi, India, and registered in the United Arab Emirates. The company retails lawn apparel primarily within India.<ref>http://twocircles.net/2021jan01/440465.html</ref>

It was founded in 2014 by Akram Tariq Khan and Khalid Raza Khan. <ref>https://www.theweekendleader.com/Success/2951/stitching-in-time.html</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}