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All India Football Federation

2023-09-28T13:23:24Z

Pankaj kumar (film director): /* Board of directors */ was not correct, as the list has all the people working in the Association and not directors

{{Short description|National governing body of Football in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}
{{National football association
| Logo = All India Football Federation Logo.svg
| Badge_size = 250px
| Founded = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1937|6|23}}
| FIFA affiliation = 1948
| Region = [[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]]
| Region affiliation = 1954
| Subregion = [[South Asian Football Federation|SAFF]]
| Subregion affiliation = 1997
| President = [[Kalyan Chaubey]]
| Vice-President = [[N. A. Haris|Nalapad Ahmed Haris]]
| Parent =
| Headquarters = [[New Delhi]]
| Website = {{official URL}}
|Membership= [[Indian State Football Associations |38]]|General Secretary=Shaji Prabhakaran}}

The '''All India Football Federation''' ('''AIFF''') is the national governing body of [[football in India]]. It is a member of [[FIFA]], the international governing body of [[Association football|football]] and affiliated to the [[Asian Football Confederation]] and [[South Asian Football Federation]]. This federation also manages [[Futsal]] and [[Beach Soccer]] in India.

It is affiliated to the [[Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports]], [[Government of India]]. [[India national football team|India men's]] and [[India women's national football team|women's]] football teams are governed by the AIFF, represent India in various international football tournaments.

The AIFF manages, sanctions, conducts, schedules and runs all national level football tournaments and leagues in India, including [[Indian Super League]], [[I-League]], [[I-League 2]], [[I-League 3]], [[Santosh Trophy]], [[Indian Women's League]], [[Senior Women's National Football Championship]], [[Futsal Club Championship]], [[National Beach Soccer Championship]], [[Super Cup (India)|Super Cup]], [[Youth League (India)|Youth League]] and others. The federation also indirectly manages local football competitions through its [[:Category:Football governing bodies in India|member state associations]].

AIFF's [[Beach soccer]] and [[Futsal]] committees oversee the development of these sports in India.<ref>{{Cite news|title=AIFF to reinvigorate futsal, beach football |url=https://m.timesofindia.com/sports/football/top-stories/aiff-to-reinvigorate-futsal-beach-football/articleshow/65302793.cms?frmapp=yes |work=The Times of India| date=7 August 2018 }}</ref>

==History==
Before the formation of the All India Football Federation (AIFF), the ''[[de facto]]'' ruling body for [[association football]] in India were the [[Indian Football Association]] (IFA).<ref name="Birth">{{cite news|last1=Kapadia|first1=Novy|title=The Birth of the All India Football Federation|url=https://www.saddahaq.com/the-birth-of-the-all-india-football-federation|access-date=24 March 2017|work=Saddahaq|date=24 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325112623/https://www.saddahaq.com/the-birth-of-the-all-india-football-federation|archive-date=25 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> The IFA was founded in 1893 and ran the game in the [[West Bengal|Bengal]] region.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.chaseyoursport.com/Football/The-Golden-Years-of-Indian-Football/659|title=The Golden Years of Indian Football|website=www.chaseyoursport.com|publisher=Chase Your Sport|location=Kolkata|first=Rounak|last=Majumdar|date=22 April 2019|access-date=28 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107230046/https://www.chaseyoursport.com/Football/The-Golden-Years-of-Indian-Football/659|archive-date=7 November 2020}}</ref> The federation was mainly governed by Englishmen and served as the most powerful football body in the country during the early 20th century.<ref name="Birth"/>

Efforts to form a countrywide football federation were started in 1935 by the IFA when the federation, as well as seven other associations, met at a conference but no consensus could be reached.<ref name="Birth"/> After differences in opinions and other conflicts were resolved, a meeting was conducted in March 1937 which would serve to be the beginning of the start of the AIFF.<ref name="Birth"/> The AIFF was officially founded on 23 June 1937 after representatives from the nine regional football associations met at the [[Army Training Command|Army Headquarters]] in [[Shimla]]. Namely, the nine regional football associations were the [[Indian Football Association|IFA]], [[Services Sports Control Board|Army Sports Control Board]], [[Punjab Football Association|North West India Football Association]], Bihar Olympic Association, [[Western India Football Association|WIFA]], [[Tamil Nadu Football Association|Madras Football Association]], United Provinces Sports Control Board, [[Karnataka State Football Association|Mysore Football Association]], and [[Rajasthan Football Association|Ajmer and Mewar Football Association]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Olympic Games |url=http://www.ozfootball.net/ark/Socceroo/1956A.html |publisher=Soccer Weekly News |last1=Kapur |first1=M.L. |date=1956 |access-date=11 January 2023 }}</ref><ref name="Birth"/>

After the launch of the national football federation, the idea of an [[India national football team]] did not gain much momentum until after India's [[Indian independence movement|independence]] in 1947.<ref name="Birth"/> Select Indian teams did participate in tours of [[Australia]], [[Burma]], [[Afghanistan]], and [[South Africa]] but none were officially part of the national team.<ref name="Birth"/> In 1948, one year after independence and 11 since forming as a football association, the AIFF gained affiliation with [[FIFA]], the governing body for football around the world.<ref name="History">{{cite news|last1=Kapadia|first1=Novy|title=A History of the All India Football Federation (AIFF)|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/a-history-of-the-all-india-football-federation-aiff|access-date=24 March 2017|work=SportsKeeda|date=23 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325112714/https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/a-history-of-the-all-india-football-federation-aiff|archive-date=25 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Later that year, the national team was officially formed and participated in their first official tournament, the [[1948 Summer Olympics]].<ref name="Birth"/>

In 1950, the national team automatically qualified for the [[1950 FIFA World Cup]] which was to be held in [[Brazil]] after all the teams in India's qualification group withdrew.<ref name="History" /> However, prior to the tournament, India withdrew, citing the reason as due to lack of funding.<ref name="History" /> Other reasons given for India's withdrawal included that the AIFF valued the [[Summer Olympics]] more than [[FIFA World Cup]] at that time and that the players playing mainly barefooted,<ref name="History" /> though the later is just a tale. In 1952, during the Olympics in [[Finland]], India was defeated in the first round by [[Yugoslavia national football team|Yugoslavia]] 10–1. This defeat made the AIFF make it mandatory for players on the national team to wear football boots.<ref name="History" /> In 1954, the AIFF played an active role in promoting football in [[Asia]] when they were one of the founding members of the [[Asian Football Confederation]].<ref name="History" /> India took part in four straight Olympic football tournaments between 1948 and 1960 but have failed to qualify since.<ref name="History" /> In 1985, India started to participate in World Cup qualifiers again but have failed to make it to the tournament.

In 1977, the AIFF started the [[Federation Cup (India)|Federation Cup]] which was the first club based national tournament in the country.<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Winners/Runners-Up of the Federation Cup|url=http://www.indianfootball.de/data/fedcup.html|access-date=24 March 2017|publisher=IndianFootball.de|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315003131/http://www.indianfootball.de/data/fedcup.html|archive-date=15 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Santosh Trophy]], the national tournament for state teams, was started in 1941.<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Winners/Runners-Up of the Santosh Trophy|url=http://www.indianfootball.de/data/santosh.html|access-date=24 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170524163702/http://www.indianfootball.de/data/santosh.html|archive-date=24 May 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1996, the AIFF began the first national league in the country, the semi-professional [[National Football League (India)|National Football League]].<ref name="Soccer in South Asia">{{cite book|last1=Milles|first1=James|last2=Dimeo|first2=Paul|title=Soccer in South Asia: Empire, Nation, Diaspora|date=2001|isbn=9781135276577|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GR-4AQAAQBAJ&q=National+Football+League+India+football+league+1996&pg=PT41|access-date=6 November 2020|archive-date=3 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703151249/https://books.google.com/books?id=GR-4AQAAQBAJ&q=National+Football+League+India+football+league+1996&pg=PT41|url-status=live}}</ref> Before this, most clubs played in state leagues or select nationwide tournaments.<ref name="Soccer in South Asia"/>

In 2006, the AIFF reformatted the league as the [[I-League]] in an effort to professionalise the game.<ref>{{cite news|title=AIFF's I-League to have 10 teams|url=http://www.rediff.com/sports/2007/nov/21aiff.htm|access-date=13 August 2017|work=Rediff|date=21 November 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042458/http://www.rediff.com/sports/2007/nov/21aiff.htm|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> However, during the following seasons, the league suffered from a lack of popularity due to poor marketing.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dhar|first1=Pulasta|title=The fall of the I-league|url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/NuvXW1HCTGwcEoUQ8KH2cJ/The-fall-of-the-Ileague.html|access-date=13 August 2017|work=Livemint|date=6 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816062926/http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/NuvXW1HCTGwcEoUQ8KH2cJ/The-fall-of-the-Ileague.html|archive-date=16 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

In September 2006, the AIFF signed a 10-year television and media contract with [[Zee Sports]]. The deal would make Zee broadcast the National Football League, later the I-League, and other tournaments organised by the AIFF and selected [[India national football team|India's]] international matches.<ref>{{cite news|title=Zee Sports in football deal|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/sport/report-zee-sports-in-football-deal-3438|access-date=13 August 2017|work=DNA India|date=26 September 2005|archive-date=3 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703151250/https://www.dnaindia.com/sports/report-zee-sports-in-football-deal-3438|url-status=live}}</ref> However, in October 2010, the deal between the AIFF and Zee Sports was terminated after differences between both parties related to payment and marketing of football in India.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bali|first1=Rahul|title=Three Member Committee To Negotiate With Zee To End The Contract|url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2010/10/10/2158765/india-three-member-committee-to-negotiate-with-zee-to-end|access-date=13 August 2017|work=Goal.com|date=10 October 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830020215/http://www.goal.com/en-india/news/1064/i-league/2010/10/10/2158765/india-three-member-committee-to-negotiate-with-zee-to-end|archive-date=30 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 9 December 2010, it was announced that the AIFF had signed a new 15-year, ₹700 crore deal with [[Reliance Industries]] and the [[IMG (company)|International Management Group]].<ref name="IMG Deal 2010">{{cite news|title=AIFF signs 700-crore deal with IMG-RIL|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/AIFF-signs-700-crore-deal-with-IMG-RIL/articleshow/7072492.cms?referral=PM|website=Times of India| date=9 December 2010 |access-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530143649/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/AIFF-signs-700-crore-deal-with-IMG-RIL/articleshow/7072492.cms?referral=PM|archive-date=30 May 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
=== FIFA Suspension ===
On 16 August 2022, the FIFA Council unanimously decided to suspend All India Football Federation with immediate effect due to undue influence from third parties, which constitutes a serious violation of the FIFA Statutes.<ref>{{cite web |title=FIFA suspends All India Football Federation |url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/associations/media-releases/fifa-suspends-all-india-football-federation |publisher=FIFA |date=16 August 2022 |access-date=16 August 2022 |archive-date=24 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220824202457/https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/associations/media-releases/fifa-suspends-all-india-football-federation |url-status=live }}</ref> As a result, India was temporarily excluded from next AFC Asia Cup edition until the suspension got lifted before the tournament began. In response to the ban, AIFF agreed to hold an election on September 2 to restore India's participation in FIFA once it got a new administration.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.outlookindia.com/sports/all-india-football-federation-elections-on-september-2-nominations-to-be-filed-from-august-25-news-218312 | title=All India Football Federation Elections on 2 September, Nominations to be Filed from August 25 | date=23 August 2022 | access-date=25 August 2022 | archive-date=25 August 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220825221450/https://www.outlookindia.com/sports/all-india-football-federation-elections-on-september-2-nominations-to-be-filed-from-august-25-news-218312 | url-status=live }}</ref> On 27 August, FIFA lifted suspension on India, after the government agreed to end its interference in the AIFF, allowing the AIFF administration to resume activities.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/associations/media-releases/fifa-lifts-suspension-of-all-india-football-federation | title=FIFA lifts suspension of All India Football Federation | access-date=27 August 2022 | archive-date=28 August 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828231925/https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/associations/media-releases/fifa-lifts-suspension-of-all-india-football-federation | url-status=live }}</ref>

==Competitions==

=== International ===
* [[Intercontinental Cup (India)|Intercontinental Cup]] ('''senior men's''')
* [[Tri-Nation Series (India)|Tri-Nation Series]] ('''senior men's''')
* [[Gold Cup (India)|Gold Cup]] ('''senior women's''')

=== National ===
====Men's Senior====
* [[Santosh Trophy]]
* [[National Beach Soccer Championship]]
====Men's Youth====
* [[Subroto Cup]] ('''inter-school''')
* [[Mir Iqbal Hussain Trophy]] ('''U-16''')
* [[B.C. Roy Trophy]] ('''U-19''')

====Women's Senior====
* [[Senior Women's National Football Championship]]
====Women's Youth====
* [[Junior Girl's National Football Championship]] ('''U-19/17''')
* [[Sub–Junior Girl's National Football Championship]] ('''U-16''')

=== Club Level Tournament ===
====Men's Senior====
* [[Indian Super League]]
* [[I-League]]
* [[I-League 2]]
* [[I-League 3]]
* [[Super Cup (India)|Super Cup]]
* [[Durand Cup]]
* [[Federation Cup (India)|Federation Cup]]
* [[Futsal Club Championship]]
====Men's Youth====
* [[Reliance Foundation Development League|RF Development League]] ('''U-21''')
* [[Elite League (India)#Under-18 level|Elite League]] ('''U-18''')
* [[Youth League (India)#Under-15 level|Junior League]] ('''U-15''')
* [[Youth League (India)#Under-13 level|Sub-Junior League]] ('''U-13''')

====Women's Senior====
* [[Indian Women's League]]
* [[IWL 2nd Division]]

=== Current title holders ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Competition
!Year
!Champions
!Title
!Next edition
|-
!colspan=6|Senior (men's)
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Indian Super League]]
| rowspan="2" |[[2022–23 Indian Super League season|2022–23]]
|[[Mumbai City FC]]
|ISL Premiers
| rowspan="2" |[[2023–24 Indian Super League season|2023–24]]
|-
|[[Mohun Bagan SG]]
|ISL Champions
|-
|[[I-League]]
|[[2022–23 I-League|2022–23]]
|[[RoundGlass Punjab FC|RG Punjab]]
|I-League Champions
|[[2023–24 I-League|2023–24]]
|-
|[[Santosh Trophy|Senior Men's National Football Championship]]
|[[2022–23 Santosh Trophy|2022–23]]
|[[Karnataka football team|Karnataka]]
|Santosh Trophy
|[[2022–23 Santosh Trophy|2022–23]]
|-
|[[Football at the National Games of India|National Games]]
|[[2022 National Games of India|2022]]
|[[West Bengal football team|West Bengal]]
|National Games Gold
|[[2023 National Games of India|2023]]
|-
|[[Futsal Club Championship]]
|[[2022–23 Futsal Club Championship|2022–23]]
|Minerva Academy FC
|Futsal Club Champions
|[[2023–24 Futsal Club Championship|2023–24]]
|-
|[[National Beach Soccer Championship]]
|[[2023 National Beach Soccer Championship|2023]]
|Kerala
|National Beach Soccer Champions
|2024
|-
!colspan=6|Senior (women's)
|-
|[[Indian Women's League]]
|[[2022–23 Indian Women's League season|2022–23]]
|[[Gokulam Kerala FC (women)|Gokulam Kerala]]
|IWL Champions
|[[2023–24 Indian Women's League season|2023–24]]
|-
|[[Senior Women's National Football Championship]]
|[[2022–23 Senior Women's National Football Championship|2022–23]]
|[[Tamil Nadu women's football team|Tamil Nadu]]
|National Women's Champions
|[[2023–24 Senior Women's National Football Championship|2023–24]]
|-
|[[Football at the National Games of India|National Games]]
|[[2022 National Games of India|2022]]
|[[Manipur women's football team|Manipur]]
|National Games Women's Champions
|[[2023 National Games of India|2023]]
|}

==National teams==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

===Men===
* [[India national football team]]
* [[India national under-23 football team]]
* [[India national under-20 football team]]
* [[India national under-17 football team]]
* [[India national beach soccer team]]
* [[India national futsal team]]
{{col-2}}

===Women===
* [[India women's national football team]]
* [[India women's national under-20 football team]]
* [[India women's national under-17 football team]]
{{col-end}}

==Affiliated state federations and state leagues==
{{Main|List of Indian state football associations}}
{{See also|Indian State Leagues}}

There are currently 38 [[Indian State Football Associations|state associations]] affiliated with the All India Football Federation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=State Associations |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/state-associations |access-date=2022-05-27 |website=www.the-aiff.com |archive-date=19 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219234628/https://www.the-aiff.com/state-associations |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Full members===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! No. !! Association !! State/UT
!President
|-
| 1 || [[All Manipur Football Association]] || [[Manipur]]
|M. Ratan Kumar Singh
|-
| 2 || [[Andaman and Nicobar Football Association]] || [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]
|Vidya Prakash Krishna
|-
| 3 || [[Andhra Pradesh Football Association]] || [[Andhra Pradesh]]
|Gopalakrishna Kosaraju
|-
| 4 || [[Arunachal Pradesh Football Association]] || [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
|[[Pema Khandu]]
|-
| 5 || [[Assam Football Association]] || [[Assam]]
|[[Naba Kumar Doley]]
|-
| 6 || [[Bihar Football Association]] || [[Bihar]]
|Prasenjeet Mehta
|-
| 7 || [[Chandigarh Football Association]] || [[Chandigarh]]
|K. P. Singh
|-
| 8 || [[Chhattisgarh Football Association]] || [[Chhattisgarh]]
|[[Ajay Chandrakar]]
|-
| 9 || [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Football Association|Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu Football Association]] || [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu|Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu]]
|
|-
| 10 || [[Football Association of Odisha]] || [[Odisha]]
|Debashish Samantaray
|-
| 11 || [[Football Delhi]] || [[Delhi]]
|Saraftullah (acting)
|-
| 12 || [[Goa Football Association]] || [[Goa]]
|Caitano Fernandes
|-
| 13 || [[Gujarat State Football Association]] || [[Gujarat]]
|[[Parimal Nathwani]]
|-
| 14 || [[Haryana Football Association]] || [[Haryana]]
|Suraj Pal
|-
| 15 || [[Himachal Pradesh Football Association]] || [[Himachal Pradesh]]
|[[Baldev Singh Tomar]]
|-
| 16 || [[Indian Football Association]] || [[West Bengal]]
|Ajit Banerjee
|-
| 17 || [[Jammu and Kashmir Football Association]] || [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
|Wasim Aslam
|-
| 18 || [[Jharkhand Football Association]] || [[Jharkhand]]
|Mithlesh Kumar Thakur
|-
| 19 || [[Karnataka State Football Association]] || [[Karnataka]]
|[[N. A. Haris]]
|-
| 20 || [[Kerala Football Association]] || [[Kerala]]
|[[Tom Jose]]
|-
| 21 || [[Ladakh Football Association]] || [[Ladakh]]
|Tashi Namgail
|-
| 22 || [[Lakshadweep Football Association]] || [[Lakshadweep]]
|K. Mohammed Ali
|-
| 23 || [[Madhya Pradesh Football Association]] || [[Madhya Pradesh]]
|Trilok Chand Kochar
|-
| 24 || [[Meghalaya Football Association]] || [[Meghalaya]]
|Larsing Ming Sawyan
|-
| 25 || [[Mizoram Football Association]] || [[Mizoram]]
|[[Lal Thanzara]]
|-
| 26 || [[Nagaland Football Association]] || [[Nagaland]]
|Neibou Sekhose
|-
| 27 || [[Pondicherry Football Association]] || [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]
|D. Nestor
|-
| 28 || [[Punjab Football Association]] || [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
|Samir Thapar
|-
| 29 || [[Rajasthan Football Association]] || [[Rajasthan]]
|[[Manvendra Singh]]
|-
| 30 || [[Sikkim Football Association]] || [[Sikkim]]
|Menla Ethenpa
|-
| 31 || [[Tamil Nadu Football Association]] || [[Tamil Nadu]]
|Jesiah Villavarayar
|-
| 32 || [[Telangana Football Association]] || [[Telangana]]
|Mohammed Ali Rafath
|-
| 33 || [[Tripura Football Association]] || [[Tripura]]
|Ratan Saha
|-
| 34 || [[Uttar Pradesh Football Sangh]] || [[Uttar Pradesh]]
|Arvind Menon
|-
| 35 || [[Uttarakhand State Football Association]] || [[Uttarakhand]]
|Amandeep Sandhu
|-
| 36 || [[Western India Football Association]] || [[Maharashtra]]
|[[Praful Patel]]
|}

===Affiliate members===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! No. !! Association !! Department
!President
|-
| 1 || [[Railways Sports Promotion Board]] || [[Indian Railways]] || D. K. Gayen
|-
| 2 || [[Services Sports Control Board]] || [[Indian Armed Forces]] || Dinesh Suri
|}

===State Leagues list===
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

====Men's====
* [[Indrajit Namchoom Arunachal League|Arunachal Super League]]
* [[Assam State Premier League]]
* [[Bangalore Super Division]] (Karnataka)
* [[Calcutta Football League]] (West Bengal)
* [[Chennai Football League]] (Tamil Nadu)
* [[FAO League]] (Odisha)
* [[FD Senior Division]] (Delhi)
* [[Goa Football League]]
* [[Gujarat SFA Club Championship]]
* [[J&K Premier Football League]]
* [[Kerala Premier League]]
* [[Lucknow Super Division]] (Uttar Pradesh)
* [[Madhya Pradesh Premier League]]
* [[Manipur State League]]
* [[Mizoram Premier League]]
* [[Mumbai Football League]] (Maharashtra)
* [[Nagaland Premier League]]
* [[Punjab State Super Football League]]
* [[Rajasthan State Men's League]]
* [[Shillong Premier League]] (Meghalaya)
* [[Sikkim Premier Division League]]
* [[Uttarakhand Super League]]
{{col-2}}

====Women's====
* [[Calcutta Women's Football League]] (West Bengal)
* [[FD Women's League]] (Delhi)
* [[Goa Women's League]]
* [[Karnataka Women's League]]
* [[Kerala Women's League]]
* [[Manipur Women's League]]
* [[Mizoram Women's League]]
* [[Odisha Women's League]]
* [[Punjab Women's League]]
* [[Sikkim Women's Super League]]
* [[SSA Women's Football League]] (Meghalaya)
* [[Tamil Nadu Women's League]]
* [[WIFA Women's Football League]] (Maharashtra)
{{col-end}}{{Further information|Category:Football cup competitions in India|label1=Football cup tournaments in India}}

==Administration==
{{Tree chart/start|align=center|summary=An example family tree}}
{{Tree chart| | | | |FOU|~|GRB|FOU=Foundation|GRB=General body}}
{{Tree chart| | | | | | | | | |!| | |}}
{{Tree chart| | | | | | | | |EXE|~|SCJ|EXE=Executive Committee|SCJ=Standing Committee & Judicial Bodies}}
{{Tree chart| | | | | | | | | |!| | |}}
{{Tree chart| | | | | | | | |PRE| | |PRE=President}}
{{Tree chart| | | | | | | | | |!| | |}}
{{Tree chart| | | | | | | | |GSC| | |GSC=Secretary General}}
{{Tree chart| | | | | | | | | |!| | |}}
{{Tree chart| | | | | | | | |SEC| | |SEC=AIFF Secretariat}}
{{Tree chart| | | | | | | | | |f|~|STP| | |STP=Strategy & Planing}}
{{Tree chart| | | | |GAD|-|FDV|-|BSM|GAD=Governance & Administration|FDV=Football Development|BSM=Business & Marketing}}
{{Tree chart/end}}

{{col-begin}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
===Members and Staff===
The following are on the board of the directors at the AIFF.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/sports/former-goalkeeper-kalyan-chaubey-appointed-new-aiff-president|title=Former goalkeeper Kalyan Chaubey appointed new AIFF President|archive-date=4 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220904100011/https://www.freepressjournal.in/sports/former-goalkeeper-kalyan-chaubey-appointed-new-aiff-president|first=FPJ|last=Sports Desk|website=www.freepressjournal.com|date=2 September 2022|access-date=4 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-aiff-executive-committee-members-coopted-eminent-former-players-list|title=List of AIFF executive committee members & co-opted eminent players|date=2 September 2022|access-date=2 September 2022|archive-date=4 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220904100030/https://khelnow.com/football/indian-football-aiff-executive-committee-members-coopted-eminent-former-players-list|website=khelnow.com|publisher=Khel Now}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=AIFF Executive Committee appoints Shaji Prabhakaran as new Secretary General|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/aiff-executive-committee-appoints-shaji-prabhakaran-as-new-secretary-general|website=www.the-aiff.com|publisher=All India Football Federation|first=AIFF|last=Media Team|language=en|date=3 September 2022|access-date=4 September 2022|location=New Delhi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220904095136/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/aiff-executive-committee-appoints-shaji-prabhakaran-as-new-secretary-general|archive-date=4 September 2022}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
!Name
!Position
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Kalyan Chaubey]]
|President
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[N. A. Haris|Nalapad Ahmed Haris]]
|Vice-president
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Shaji Prabhakaran|Dr. Shaji Prabhakaran]]
|Secretary General
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} Satyanarayan M
|Deputy Secretary General
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} Anil Kamat
|Assistant Secretary General
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} Kipa Ajay
|Treasurer
|-
|{{flagicon|SGP}} [[Vincent Subramaniam]]
|Chief Technical Officer
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Syed Sabir Pasha]]
|Technical Director
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} Prashant J Singh
|Head of Player Development
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} Sarthak Mishra
|State Development Manager
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} Shveta Sharma
|Sr. Manager, Coach Education
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} Aman Dubey
|Sr. Coordinator, Coach Education
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} Shubham Gurung
|Technical Coordinator
|-
|{{flagicon|CRO}} [[Igor Štimac]]
|Head Coach (Senior Men's)
|-
|{{flagicon|SWE}} [[Thomas Dennerby]]
|Head Coach (Senior Women's)
|-
|''(vacant)''
|Director of Media
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} Vaibav Raghunandan
|Coordinator of Media/Videography
|-
|{{flagicon|IND}} Ravishankar J.
|Referee Coordinator
|}

===Technical committee===
* [[IM Vijayan]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}} – Chairperson
* [[Monoranjan Bhattacharya]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}} – Deputy Chairperson
* [[Eugeneson Lyngdoh]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}}
* [[Climax Lawrence]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}}
* [[Harjinder Singh (footballer)|Harjinder Singh]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}}
* Arun Malhotra
* [[Pinky Bompal Magar]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}

===League committee===
* [[Lalnghinglova Hmar]] – Chairman
* Santanu Pujari – Deputy Chairman
* Arif Ali
* Amit Chaudhary
* Dr. Reginold Vargese
* KP Singh
* Kiran Chowgule
* Nizamuddin

===Development committee===
* Avijit Paul – Chairman
* Mulrajsinh Chudasama – Deputy Chairman
* Vijay Bali
* Ratankumar Singh Moirangthem
* S. Dhanasegar
* Muhammed Rafeek TKM
* Liaqat Ali
* Jesiah Villavarayar
* Mohd. Shahid

===Beach Soccer committee===
* Jignesh Patil – Chairman
* KI Nizammudin – Deputy Chairman
* Anup Patra
* Bruno Coutinho
* Md. Ikram
* Upen Patel
* Dilip Singh Shekhawat
* Sanjay Mehshack
* Santosh Kumar
* G.P. Palguna
{{col-break|width=33%}}

===Futsal committee===
* Vijay Bali – Chairman
* Amit Khemani – Deputy Chairman
* Kuljit Singh
* Lalrengpuia
* Syed Husnain Ali Naqvi
* Ravinder Prasad Singh
* Naresh Singh Rana
* S Achu
* BS Mehra
* Chung Chung Bhutia
* Mohammad Shahid Jabbar

===Advisory Committee===
* [[Shabbir Ali]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}} – Chairperson
* GP Palguna – Deputy Chairperson
* Gurdev Singh
* [[Atanu Bhattacharya]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}}
* [[Irungbam Surkumar Singh]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}}
* [[Victor Manjila]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}}
* RP Singh
* Arun Singh Rajput

===Referee Committee===
* Sankar Komaleeswaran, Chairperson
* Sundarraj Balu, Deputy Chairperson
* Ms. Chaitali Paul
* Srikrishna Coimbatore Ramaswamy
* Mohd. Kamil
* Sethumadhavan Chozhakkad
* Subrata Sarkar
===Other members===
* Valanka Natasha Alemão – Chairperson, Women's Committee
* [[Thongam Tababi Devi]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}} – Deputy Chairperson, Women's Committee
* Anil Kumar P. – Chairperson, Competitions Committee
* Amit Dey – In-Charge of Futsal
* Menla Ethenpa – Finance
* [[Savio Medeira]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}} – Head of Coach Education
* Dr. Kiran Kumar Kulkarni – Chairperson, Medical Committee
* [[Baichung Bhutia]]{{efn|name=Co-opted|Co-opted Eminent Former Players}}
* [[Malojiraje Chhatrapati]]
* Mohan Lal
* K. Neibou Sekhose
* Deepak Sharma
* Syed Imtiaz Husain
* Syed Hasnain Ali Naqvi
{{col-end}}

<small>'''Notes:'''</small>
{{notelist}}

==Past office bearers==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}

===Presidents===
The following is a list of presidents of AIFF:<ref name="spkda" >{{cite web |title=A History of the All India Football Federation (AIFF) |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/a-history-of-the-all-india-football-federation-aiff |work=Sportskeeda |last1=Kapadia |first1=Novy |date=23 June 2012 |access-date=24 March 2017 |archive-date=25 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325112714/https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/a-history-of-the-all-india-football-federation-aiff |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Former AIFF presidents: Looking back at their tenures |url=https://khelnow.com/football/all-india-football-federation-past-presidents-tenures-aiff |work=Khel Now |last1=Sarkar |first1=Riddhiman |date=28 August 2022 |access-date=5 September 2022 |archive-date=27 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927180154/https://khelnow.com/football/all-india-football-federation-past-presidents-tenures-aiff |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="sport">{{cite book |title=Portrait Of Indian Sport |url=https://archive.org/details/portraitofinidan00anth |publisher=Macmillan |last1=D'Mello |first1=Anthony |date=1959 |access-date=5 September 2022 }}</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
! Presidents !! State FA !! Tenure
|-
| Brigadier VHB Majendie || [[Services Sports Control Board|ASCB]] || 1937 –
|-
| Brigadier Dorman Smith || ASCB || –
|-
| D Moir || Bombay || –
|-
| [[Moin-ul-Haq]] || Bihar OA || –
|-
| [[Pankaj Gupta]] || [[Indian Football Association|IFA]] ||1950 – 1960
|-
| Manindra Nath Dutta Ray || [[Indian Football Association|IFA]] || 1960 – 1975
|-
| [[Nurul Amin (sports administrator)|Nurul Amin]] || [[Assam Football Association|AFA]] || 1975 – 1980
|-
| Khalifa Ziauddin || [[Western India Football Association|WIFA]] || 1980 – 1988
|-
| [[Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi]] || Women’s FA || 1988 – 2008
|-
| [[Praful Patel]] || [[Western India Football Association|WIFA]] || 2009 – 2022
|-
| [[Kalyan Chaubey]] || [[Gujarat State Football Association|GSFA]] || 2022 – present
|}
{{col-2}}

===Secretaries-General===
The following is a list of secretaries of AIFF:<ref name="spkda" /><ref name="sport"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Former AIFF chief Lakshmanan passes away |url=https://www.the-afc.com/en/more/news/former_aiff_chief_lakshmanan_passes_away.html |work=AFC |date=1 May 2018 |access-date=27 September 2022 |archive-date=27 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927180200/https://www.the-afc.com/en/more/news/former_aiff_chief_lakshmanan_passes_away.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
! Secretaries !! State FA !! Tenure
|-
| Major AC Wilson || ASCB || 1937 –
|-
| Major JB Donaldson || ASCB || –
|-
| EJ Turner || Bombay || –
|-
| Manindra Nath Dutta Ray || IFA || 1942 – 1950
|-
| Major Lachman Singh || ASCB || –
|-
| Khalifa Ziauddin || WIFA || –
|-
| A. T. Vijayrangam || Mysore || – 1980
|-
| Ashok Ghosh || IFA || 1980 – 1988
|-
| P. P. Lakshmanan || Kerala || 1988 – 1996
|-
| Kedar Nath Mour || Assam || 1997 – 2000
|-
| Alberto Colaço || Goa || 2000 – 2010
|-
| Kushal Das || – || 2010 – 2022
|-
| Sunando Dhar ''(Interim)'' || – || 2022
|-
| [[Shaji Prabhakaran|Dr. Shaji Prabhakaran]] || Delhi || 2022 – present
|}
{{col-end}}

==Controversies==
Politicians are highly involved in AIFF. From 1988 to 2009, [[Indian National Congress|Congress party's]] [[Priya Ranjan Dasmunsi]] was president of AIFF. After him his fellow, then Congress and later [[Nationalist Congress Party]]'s politician [[Praful Patel]] became president and run it from 2009 to 2022 in an authoritarian manner. He was removed from the position by [[Supreme Court of India]] in May 2022 and a three members' committee was appointed to run AIFF. In their decision the judge remarked that the present state of this organisation is not in the interest of proper governence.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Praful Patel removed from All India Football Federation|url=https://zeenews.india.com/football/praful-patel-removed-from-all-india-football-federation-committee-on-supreme-courts-order-2464862.html/amp&ved=2ahUKEwi0iquUlYD8AhVvcGwGHUpdCTgQFnoECAwQAQ&usg=AOvVaw37eS7BprDdWCYpkcX7GnWE |website=Zee news}}</ref> Patel remained president of the AIFF for 16 years, without any tenure limit. He held the position in 3 terms.<ref name=":1" /> As per AIFF, some people dictate Indian football who serve themselves in the expenses of football sport and players.<ref name=":0">{{cite web | url=https://www.indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/praful-patel-aill-india-football-federation-sc-7927125/lite/ | title=Praful Patel: The artful dribbler shown the red card | date=20 May 2022 }}</ref><ref>[https://www.freepressjournal.in/amp/sports/blame-it-on-praful-patel-coa-writes-to-fifa-on-current-mess-in-indian-football&ved=2ahUKEwiemo2CtPH7AhVIyHMBHcWLB_Y4HhAWegQIChAB&usg=AOvVaw3iu4FtiVQDSFQUhrXj8EBZ Free Press Journal] {{dead link|date=December 2022}}</ref> According to [[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] newspaper's article, there is rampant and open corruption in the All India Football Federation (AIFF) and due to lots of sponsor do not want to sponsor AIFF or associated with it. And Players, coaches and officials related to football feels that the AIFF's attitude and management of this organisation have to be change, otherwise football will not improve in India.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/sports/corruption-in-aiff-driving-sponsors-away/cid/1226466 | title=Corruption in Aiff Driving Sponsors Away }}</ref>

As of 6 October 2021, since 2020 AIFF avoided elections to new president and office holders. Praful Patel is president of AIFF since 2009 and held president's post even after his legal presidency period ended.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian football: How AIFF has avoided fresh elections since 2020 based on mere assumptions |url=https://scroll.in/field/1007054/indian-football-how-aiff-have-avoided-fresh-elections-since-2020-based-on-mere-assumptions |website=Scroll}}</ref>

Multiple times, FIFA have accused AIFF of outside influence in it. On 15 August 2022, [[FIFA]] suspended the federation for violating its statutes on third-party interference. India was stripped off its hosting rights for international football tournaments, including the [[2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup]] scheduled for October 2022.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.dw.com/en/fifa-suspends-all-india-football-federation/a-62816839|title=FIFA suspends All India Football Federation|date=15 August 2022|publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]]|author=dh/kb|access-date=16 August 2022|archive-date=16 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816102257/https://www.dw.com/en/fifa-suspends-all-india-football-federation/a-62816839|url-status=live}}</ref> The Suspension was lifted on 27 August 2022. As a result, [[2022 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup]] scheduled for October 2022 were held as planned.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/associations/media-releases/fifa-lifts-suspension-of-all-india-football-federation|title=FIFA lifts suspension of All India Football Federation|date=27 August 2022|access-date=4 September 2022|website=www.fifa.com|publisher=[[FIFA]]|archive-date=28 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828231925/https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/associations/media-releases/fifa-lifts-suspension-of-all-india-football-federation|url-status=live}}</ref>

This organisation is often accused for neglecting women's football.<ref name=":0" />

The Indian men's national football team has never played in the [[FIFA World Cup]] but India did qualify for the [[1950 FIFA World Cup]] which was held in [[Brazil]]. In [[1950 FIFA World Cup qualification]], the other teams in India's qualification group withdrew due to various reasons and India qualified as the remaining team. However, the Indian team did not participate and withdrew their name. A common myth is that India withdrew and didn't participate because FIFA did not allowed Indians to play football barefoot. According to author and sports journalist Jaydeep Basu, this is completely wrong and India did not participate because AIFF did not believe that its then players had the calibre to compete against the top teams of the world. Furthermore, AIFF used to consider the Olympics more important than the FIFA World Cup. According to Basu, by not sending India's team to the 1950 FIFA World Cup, AIFF did huge mistake.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Why India did not compete in the 1950 football World Cup (And no, it wasn't because they didn't have boots)|url=https://www.indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/why-india-did-not-compete-in-the-1950-football-world-cup-and-no-it-wasnt-because-they-didnt-have-boots-8260087/lite/ |website=Indian express|date=10 November 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |first8=Copy Link |last9=Print |date=2011-07-19 |title=Did India withdraw from the 1950 World Cup because they were not allowed to play barefoot? |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/blogs/sports-now/story/2011-07-19/did-india-withdraw-from-the-1950-world-cup-because-they-were-not-allowed-to-play-barefoot |access-date=2022-12-11 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref>

==See also==

* [[AIFF Player of the Year Awards]]
* [[Indian football league system]]
* [[India national futsal team]]
* [[India national beach soccer team]]
* [[India national rugby union team]]
* [[India national rugby sevens team]]
* [[Rugby India]] - National federation of [[Rugby union|Rugby]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite web|url=https://www.the-aiff.com/article/federation-declares-pk-banerjees-birthday-as-aiff-grassroots-day|title=Federation declares PK Banerjee's birth anniversary as AIFF Grassroots Day|website=the-aiff.com|publisher=[[All India Football Federation]]|date=12 May 2023|access-date=12 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512143401/https://www.the-aiff.com/article/federation-declares-pk-banerjees-birthday-as-aiff-grassroots-day|archive-date=12 May 2023|first=AIFF|last=Media Team|location=New Delhi}}

==External links==
* {{official}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20201022072756/http://www.indianfootball.de/aiff.html AIFF at a glance] (archived 22 October 2020)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070623223606/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=ind/index.html India] at FIFA.com (archived 23 June 2007)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130319175412/http://www.the-afc.com/en/member-associations/south-central/india-football-fed.html India] at The-AFC.com (archived 19 March 2013)

{{Sports governing bodies in India}}
{{Football in India}}
{{India national football team}}
{{AFC associations}}
{{International football}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:All India Football Federation}}
[[Category:All India Football Federation| ]]
[[Category:1937 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Football governing bodies in India| ]]
[[Category:Futsal in India]]
[[Category:Sports organizations established in 1937]]
[[Category:National members of the Asian Football Confederation|India]]

All India Football Federation

2023-09-28T13:23:24Z

Pankaj kumar (film director): /* Board of directors */ was not correct, as the list has all the people working in the Association and not directors

Bodoland FC

2023-07-18T15:03:34Z

Pankaj kumar (film director):

{{Short description|Indian association football club}}

{{Use dmy dates}}{{Use Indian English}}
{{Infobox football club
| clubname = Bodoland FC
| image = Bodoland_FC_logo.png
| image_size =
| fullname = Bodoland Football Club
| short name = BLFC
| nickname =
| founded = {{start date and age|2022}}
| ground = SAI STC Ground, Kokrajhar
| capacity =
| owner =
| mgrtitle = Head coach
| manager =
| league =
| season =
| position =
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}}

'''Bodoland Football Club''' is an Indian professional [[Association football|football]] club based in [[Bodoland]], [[Assam]]. It is the first professional club from Bodoland to participate in [[Durand Cup]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bodoland FC To Play In Durand Cup 2023 {{!}} Bodo Pedia |url=https://bodopedia.com/sports/bodoland-fc/ |access-date=2023-07-07 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Vibhor |title=Durand Cup 2023 Teams Announced: List Of Teams, Foreign Team Names, Know All |url=https://kheltalk.com/football/durand-cup-2023-teams-announced-list-of-teams-foreign-team-names-know-all/ |access-date=2023-07-07 |website=KhelTalk |language=en-US}}</ref>

==History==
Bodoland FC was established in 2022 to develop football in [[Bodoland Territorial Region]] (BTR). It competed and won the 1st Inter Sixth Schedule Council Premier Football League tournament in 2022, representing BTR.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISPL 2022: Team BTR defeats Mizoram's LADC|url=https://northeastlivetv.com/around-ne/assam/ispl-2022-team-btr-sails-through-in-final/ |access-date=2023-07-13 |website=Northeast Live|language=en-US}}</ref>It also participated in [[Baji Rout]] Cup in [[Odisha]]. They will also participate in [[2023 Durand Cup]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Radab |first=Bodoland |title=Bodoland FC to play in 132nd Durand Cup Football Tournament 2023 - Bodoland Radab |url=https://bodolandradab.in/bodoland-fc-to-play-in-durand-cup-football-tournament/ |access-date=2023-07-07 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Durand Cup teams |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/durand-cup-2023-football-dates}}</ref>

== Stadium ==
Bodoland FC play their home matches in SAI Ground, [[Kokrajhar]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Football clubs in India]]
[[Category:Football clubs in Assam]]
[[Category:Association football clubs established in 2022]]

Bishen Singh Bedi

2023-05-22T10:51:45Z

Pankaj kumar (film director): Fresh page format.

#REDIRECT [[Bishan Singh Bedi]]

Multi-sport event

2022-07-24T00:11:26Z

Pankaj kumar (film director): Initiated a new article structure.

{{Short description|Organized sporting event involving multiple sports}}
{{Distinguish|Multiple-stage competition (disambiguation){{!}}Multiple-stage competition}}
[[File:Olympic Park, London, 16 April 2012.jpg|thumb|[[Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park]] in [[London]].]]
A '''multi-sport event''' is an organized [[sport]]ing event, often held over multiple days, featuring competition in many different sports among organized teams of athletes from (mostly) [[Nation state|nation-states]]. The first major, modern, multi-sport event of international significance was the [[Olympic Games]], first held in modern times in [[1896 Summer Olympics|1896]] in Athens, Greece, and inspired by the [[Ancient Olympic Games]], one of a number of such events held in antiquity. Most modern multi-sport events have the same basic structure. Games are held over the
course of several days in and around a "host city", which changes for each competition. Countries send national teams to each competition, consisting of individual athletes and teams that compete in a wide variety of sports. Athletes or teams are awarded [[Gold medal|gold]], [[Silver medal|silver]] or [[bronze medal]]s for first, second and third place respectively. Each game is generally held every four years, though some are annual competitions.

== History ==
The [[Ancient Olympic Games]], first held in 776 BC, was the precursor to the [[Olympic Games|Modern Olympic Games]], although its first edition only featured a footrace and the number of sporting competitions expanded at later editions.

There were several other "games" held in Europe in the [[classical antiquity|classical era]]:

* [[Panhellenic Games]]:
** ''The [[Pythian Games]]'' (founded 527 BC) held in [[Delphi]] every four years
** ''The [[Nemean Games]]'' (founded 516 BC) held in [[Argolid]] every two years
** ''The [[Isthmian Games]]'' (founded 523 BC) held on the [[Isthmus of Corinth]] every two years
* The [[Roman Games]] – Arising from Etruscan rather than purely Greek roots, the Roman Games deemphasized footraces and throwing. Instead, the Greek sports of chariot racing and [[wrestling]], as well as the Etruscan sport of gladiatorial combat, took center stage.

Other multi-sport festivals emerged in the [[Middle Ages]] in Europe, including the [[Cotswold Olimpick Games]] in [[England]] in the 1600s, the [[Highland Games]] in [[Scotland]], and the Olympiade de la République in [[France]] in the 1800s.

In the late 19th and early 20th century, athletes at multi-sport events were almost exclusively male. As international [[women's sport]] began to develop, events such as the [[Women's World Games]] and [[Olympics of Grace]] were held to allow women to engage in sport on the international stage. Though short-lived, events such as these led to greater inclusion of women at multi-sport events over the course of the 20th century.<ref name="LeighBonin">{{Cite journal | last = Leigh | first = Mary H. |author2=Bonin, Thérèse M. | title = The Pioneering Role Of Madame Alice Milliat and the FSFI in Establishing International Trade and Field Competition for Women | journal = Journal of Sport History | volume = 4 | issue = 1 | pages = 72–83 | publisher = North American Society for Sport History | year = 1977 | url = http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/JSH/JSH1977/JSH0401/jsh0401f.pdf | access-date = 3 September 2011}}</ref>

Although the modern tradition commemorates the [[Mongolian Revolution of 1921|1921 revolution]], the [[Naadam]] festival in Mongolia is a continuation of ancient sporting practises amongst Mongolians.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/naadam-mongolian-traditional-festival-00395 | title=UNESCO - Naadam, Mongolian traditional festival }}</ref> The three events of wrestling, horse racing and archery are thought to date back centuries and represent the three most important pursuits of a strong man in nomadic society.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://thediplomat.com/2016/07/the-naadam-festival-mongolias-games/ | title=The Naadam Festival: Mongolia's Games }}</ref> Alongside these sporting events there are other cultural activities such as dances and parades.

== Audience ==
Since the establishment of the Olympics, most serial multi-sport events have been organized for specific audiences and participating countries or communities. These affiliations include:

* Regional, such as the [[Asian Games]] and the [[Pan-American Games]]
* Sub-Regional, such as the [[South Asian Games]], [[Southeast Asian Games]] and the [[South American Games]]
* Political, such as the [[Spartakiad]] and the [[Games of the New Emerging Forces]] (GANEFO)
* Historic or historic cultural roots, such as the [[Commonwealth Games]] (for members of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]]) and the [[Jeux de la Francophonie]] (for members of [[La Francophonie]])
* Ethnocultural or ethnoreligious, such as the [[Pan-Armenian Games]] (for ethnic communities of Armenians both in Armenia and in other countries) and the [[Maccabiah Games]] (for communities of Jews of both ethnic and religious origins)
* Religious, such as the [[Islamic Solidarity Games]] and the previously mentioned Maccabiah Games
* Occupational, such as the [[Military World Games]], the [[World Police and Fire Games]], and the [[Universiade]]
* Physical disabilities, such as the [[Paralympics]] and the [[Deaflympics]]
* Intellectual disabilities, such as the [[Special Olympics World Games]]
* Age, such as the [[World Masters Games]], [[Commonwealth Youth Games]], and the [[Senior Olympics]]
* Gender and sexual orientation, such as the [[Women's Islamic Games]] and the [[Gay Games]]

==Historic events==

===Olympic Games===
{{Main|Olympic Games}}

The first modern multi-sport [[Sports competition|event]] organised were the Olympic Games, organised by the [[International Olympic Committee]] (IOC) (est. 1894) for the first time in 1896 in [[Athens]], [[Greece]]. After some celebrations (1900, 1904), the Olympics became very popular nowadays. The number of sports, initially only a few, is still growing.

===Paralympic Games===
{{Main|Paralympic Games}}

The Paralympic Games is the largest multi-sport event involving athletes with physical disabilities and is organized by the [[International Paralympic Committee]] (IPC). Arranged for the first time in 1960 in [[Rome]], [[Italy]]. The number of sports, initially only a few, is still growing.

===Special Olympics===
{{Main|Special Olympics World Games}}

The first Special Olympics International Summer Games were held in [[Chicago]], Illinois, in 1968. The most recent{{when}} Special Olympics World Winter Games in Schladming, Austria involved 25 sports and approximately 2,277 athletes from 133 countries. {{citation needed}}

===Others===
At the beginning of the 20th century, another multi-sport event, the [[Nordic Games]] were first held. These Games were held in [[Scandinavia]], and the sports conducted were winter sports such as [[cross-country skiing (sport)|cross-country skiing]] and [[speed skating]]. The Nordic Games were last held in 1926, after which the 1924 Winter Sports Week in [[Chamonix]] was declared the first [[Olympic Winter Games]].
In the 1920s, all kinds of other multi-sport events were set up. These were usually directed for a selected group of athletes, rather than everybody, which was the case with the Olympic Games. The Soviets organized the first [[Spartakiad]] in 1920, a communist alternative to the 'bourgeois' Olympic Games, and in 1922 the University Olympia was organizedor in [[Italy]], the forerunner of the [[World University Games]], meant for students only.
Regional games were another kind of multi-sport event that was established, such as the [[Far Eastern Championship Games]] (1913), the [[Central American and Caribbean Games]] (1926) or the [[Pan American Games]] (1951).

==List of international multi-sport competitions==
{{Main|List of multi-sport events}}
The Olympic Games are still the largest multi-sport event in the world in terms of worldwide interest and importance (though no longer in participation), but several others also have significance.

=== Worldwide events ===
; Multi-sport events for non-Olympic sports
*[[World Games]], held first in 1981, stage many sports (though not all) that are not Olympic sports.
*[[Mind Sports Olympiad]], first held in 1997 for [[mind sport]]s<ref name="MSO">[http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9708/24/mind.olympiad/ Mental muscles flexed at Mind Sports Olympiad] [[CNN]], 24 August 1997, {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130731220353/http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9708/24/mind.olympiad/}}, retrieved 13 July 2012</ref>
*[[World Mind Sports Games]], first held in 2008 for games of skill (e.g. chess, go, etc.)
*The [[X Games]] and [[X Games#Winter X Games|Winter X Games]], which highlight extreme action sports.
*The FAI [[World Air Games]], first held in 1997, is the premier international multi-discipline air sports event.
; By occupation
*[[Universiade]], held first in 1959, for students at [[University|universities]] worldwide
*[[Military World Games]], held first in 1995, for military athletes from over 100 countries
*[[World Police and Fire Games]], began in 1985, for law enforcement officers and firefighters worldwide; third only to the World Masters Games and Summer Olympics in number of participants.
; By organisation and language
*[[Commonwealth Games]], held first in 1930 (although a similar event was held in 1911) for all member states of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].
*[[Commonwealth Youth Games]], began in 2000.
*[[Jeux de la Francophonie|Francophone Games]], held first in 1989, for [[French language|French]]-speaking nations and communities.
*[[Lusophony Games]], began in 2006, for [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]-speaking nations and communities.
*[[Pan Arab Games]], held first in 1953, for Arabic-speaking nations.
*[[Islamic Solidarity Games]], first held in 2005, for all member states of the [[Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]].
*[[Women's Islamic Games]], began in 1993.
; By political and historical allegiance
*[[Bolivarian Games]], began in 1938, for countries liberated by [[Simón Bolívar]]
*[[Games of the Small States of Europe]], first held in 1985, for small states of [[Europe]]
*[[Island Games]], first held in 1985, for teams from several islands and other small territories
*[[Goodwill Games]], first held in 1986, originally held as an alternative after the boycotted Olympics of 1980 and 1984 (The last edition was held in 2001)
*[[Spartakiad]], a defunct event involving athletes from the [[Soviet Union]]
*[[Games of the New Emerging Forces]], a defunct event first held in 1963, for the so-called "Emerging Nations" (mainly newly independent [[socialism|socialist]] states)
; By national origin/descent or ethnicity
*[[Maccabiah Games]], first held in 1932, for [[Jews|Jewish]] athletes worldwide.
*[[Pan-Armenian Games]], began in 1999.
*[[Croatian World Games]], began in 2006.
; Other
*[[Gay Games]] and [[World OutGames]], first held in 1982 and 2006, for the worldwide [[gay community]].
*[[World Masters Games]], first held in 1985, for mature athletes. Most participants of any multi-sport event, with approximately twice as many competitors as the Summer Olympics.
*[[European Masters Games]], first held in 2008, for mature athletes (generally for 30–35 years or older, dependent on the sport).

===Regional events===
*[[African Games]], held first in 1965, for all [[Africa]]n nations
*[[Afro-Asian Games]], first held in 2003 in India.
*[[Australasian Police and Emergency Services Games]], both by regional and by occupations.
*[[Baltic Sea Games]], for all nations bordering [[Baltic Sea]], first held in Estonia 1993, then in Lithuania 1997.
*[[Pan American Games]], held first in 1951, for all nations of the [[Americas]]
**[[Central American and Caribbean Games]], held first in 1926, every 4 years for nations in the [[Caribbean]], [[Central America]] and/or bordering the [[Caribbean Sea]]
**[[Central American Games]], held first in 1973, for nations in [[Central America]]
**[[Caribbean Games]], proposed to be held first in June 2009 for countries in the [[Caribbean Sea]], was scheduled in Netherlands Antiles in May 2011. Rescheduled for 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://canoc.net/content/view/12/2/ |title=The Caribbean Games |publisher=canoc.net |access-date=2011-05-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100618095657/http://canoc.net/content/view/12/2/ |archive-date=2010-06-18 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.naoc.info/caribbean-games-hopefully-in-2011/ Caribbean Games hopefully in 2011 | Netherlands Antilles Olympic Committee] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303214243/http://www.naoc.info/caribbean-games-hopefully-in-2011/ }}. Naoc.info. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref><ref>[http://www.sportcaraibe.net/thefourthpillar/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=924:no-caribbean-games-before-2013&catid=45:athletics&Itemid=106/ sportcaraibe Resources and Information] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904055226/http://www.sportcaraibe.net/thefourthpillar/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=924%3Ano-caribbean-games-before-2013&catid=45%3Aathletics&Itemid=106%2F }} sportcaraibe.net. Retrieved on 2013-07-12.</ref>
**[[South American Games]], held first in 1978, for nations in [[South America]]
*[[Arafura Games]], held first in 1991 and hosted in the [[Oceania]] region.
*[[Asian Games]], held first in 1951, for all [[Asia]]n nations
**[[Southeast Asian Games]], held first in 1959, for nations in [[Southeast Asia]]
**[[East Asian Games]], for nations in [[East Asia]]
**[[West Asian Games]], for nations in [[West Asia]]
**[[Central Asian Games]], for nations in [[Central Asia]]
**[[South Asian Games]], for nations in [[South Asia]]
*[[European Games]], held first in 2015, for nations in [[Europe]]
*[[European Youth Olympic Festival]] (EYOF), for youth athletes from Europe, began in 1991 (summer) and 1993 (winter).
*[[Mediterranean Games]], held first in 1951, for all nations bordering the [[Mediterranean Sea]]
*[[Pacific Games]], held first in 1963 for countries around the [[Oceania|South Pacific Ocean]]
*[[Arctic Winter Games]], held first in 1970, an international biennial celebration of circumpolar north and Arctic sports and culture
*[[Indian Ocean Island Games]], held first in 1979, for all islands in the [[Indian Ocean]]

===National events===
* [[National Games of China]], among the oldest national games with a history dating back to 1910
* [[Korean National Sports Festival]], held first in 1920 for all provinces in entire Korea, but later for provinces in [[South Korea]]
* [[National Sports Festival of Japan]]
* [[National Games of India]], started in 1924 as "Indian Olympic Games"
* [[Palarong Pambansa]] in the [[Philippines]]
* [[Pekan Olahraga Nasional]] in [[Indonesia]]
* [[Thailand National Games]], started in 1967, [[Thailand Para National Games]]
* [[Canada Games]]
* [[SUKMA Games]] in [[Malaysia]]
* [[State Games of America]] in the [[United States]]
* AAU Junior Olympic Games in the United States, held first in 1967

==Disability==
Other Games are intended for handicapped or disabled athletes. The [[Deaflympics|International Silent Games]], [[1924 Summer Deaflympics|first held]] in [[Paris]] in 1924, were the first Games for deaf athletes. The [[Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Games]], K incepted in 1948 in England, were the first Games for wheelchair athletes. In 1960, the first [[Paralympic Games]] were held, connected with the [[Olympic Games]]. The [[Special Olympics World Games]], for athletes with intellectual disabilities, were first held in 1968.

== See also ==
* [[Commonwealth Games]]
* [[Invictus Games]]
* [[Islamic Solidarity Games]]
* [[Maccabiah Games]]
* [[Military World Games]]
* [[Mind Sports Olympiad]]
* [[Summer Olympic Games]]
* [[Universiade]]
* [[Winter Olympic Games]]
* [[World Air Games]]
* [[World Games]]
* [[World Mind Sports Games]]
* [[World Police and Fire Games]]
* [[X Games]]
* [[Youth Olympic Games]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{International multi-sport events}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Multi-Sport Event}}
[[Category:Multi-sport events| ]]
[[Category:Sports terminology]]
[[Category:Sports competitions]]
[[Category:Sports events|Multi]]

Chamber of States

2022-02-06T02:45:50Z

Pankaj kumar (film director):

{{unreferenced}}
{{short description|Upper chamber of the bicameral legislature of the German Democratic Republic}}
{{Infobox legislature
| name = Chamber of States
| native_name = Länderkammer
| legislature = [[German Democratic Republic]] (East Germany)
| house_type = Upper house
| coa_pic = Coat of arms of East Germany.svg
| coa_res = 150px
| coa_caption =
| members = 50
| established = {{start date and age|1949}}
| preceded_by = [[Reichstag (Nazi Germany)|Nazi Reichstag]]
| disbanded = {{end date and age|1958}}
| succeeded_by = [[People's Chamber]]
| meeting_place = Langenbeck-Virchow-Haus
}}
{{Politics of East Germany|image=Flag of East Germany.svg}}
The '''Chamber of States''' ({{lang-de|Länderkammer}}) was the [[upper chamber]] of the [[bicameral]] [[legislature]] of the German Democratic Republic ([[East Germany]]) from its founding in 1949 until 1952, at which time it was largely sidelined, when the five [[Administrative divisions of East Germany#Länder in East Germany|Länder]] (states) of East Germany ceased to exist and were replaced with smaller administrative regions. The Chamber of States itself was dissolved on 8 December 1958. The [[lower chamber]], which continued in existence until [[German reunification]] in 1990, was the [[People's Chamber]] (''Volkskammer'').

In the [[Federal Republic of Germany]] the expression ''Länderkammer'' is sometimes used to denote the [[Bundesrat (Germany)|Bundesrat]] although it is not legally classified as a legislative chamber.
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-58621-0001, Berlin, Länderkammer.jpg|thumb|A Session of the Länderkammer in 1958. The Minister of the Interior Karl Maron is speaking.]]

==Idea and reality==
[[File:Germany Laender 1947 1990 DDR.png|thumb|''Länder'' in 1947 (purple), and in 1990 (red)]]
After 1945, the [[Soviet Occupation Zone|Soviet military administration]] established the five ''[[States of Germany|Länder]]'' of [[Mecklenburg-Vorpommern]], [[Brandenburg]], [[Saxony]], [[Saxony-Anhalt]] and [[Thuringia]].

Initially, in 1949, the communists aimed for a quasi-[[unitary state]], with some degree of [[decentralization]]. Laws were to be made by the central [[legislature]] in [[East Berlin]], and the Länder authorities were responsible for the implementation of the laws.

In practice, due to the [[democratic centralism]] of the SED, the GDR rapidly developed strong centralist tendencies. However, it initially operated in this [[bicameralism|bicameral]] framework in which the states were represented. The Chamber of States theoretically had the power to introduce bills and to veto laws proposed by the People's Chamber, although another vote in the People's Chamber could overturn such a veto. The Chamber of States never made use of its veto. The two chambers also elected the [[President of East Germany]] in joint session.

According to the [[Constitution of East Germany]], in addition to the People's Chamber, a “provisional Land Chamber” was formed. The fifty members of the Land Chamber were to be determined by the assemblies in the various Länder, according to the memberships of these assemblies. [[Saxony]] sent thirteen delegates, [[Saxony-Anhalt]] eleven, [[Thuringia]] ten, [[Brandenburg]] nine, and [[Mecklenburg-Vorpommern]] seven. [[East Berlin]] sent thirteen delegates, but they did not have voting rights owing to Berlin as a whole still legally being occupied territory. (A similar arrangement existed in [[West Berlin]], in which the city's delegates in the [[Bundestag]] and [[Bundesrat of Germany|Bundesrat]] had no voting rights.)

In 1952, the [[Administrative divisions of East Germany#Länder in East Germany|East German Länder]] transferred their administrative functions to the smaller regional districts ''([[Bezirk]]e),'' effectively dissolving themselves. The Chamber of States remained in existence, but became increasingly redundant. Since the Landtage could no longer meet to elect members of the Chamber of States, the 1954 delegates for each Länder were chosen by a special meeting of the District Assemblies (''[[Bezirkstag]]e'') of that state. The members of the Chamber of States [[East German general election, 1958|elected in 1958]] were [[directly elected]] by their ''Bezirkstage''. These delegates were appointed as a "suicide squad," raising no objection as the People's Chamber abolished the Chamber of States and the Länder on 8 December 1958.

==Presidents of the Chamber of States==
{| class="wikitable"
! Name
! Period
! Party
|-
|[[Reinhold Lobedanz]]
|October 11, 1949 – March 5, 1955
|[[Christian Democratic Union (East Germany)|CDU]]
|-
|[[August Bach]]
|March 5, 1955 – December 8, 1958
|[[Christian Democratic Union (East Germany)|CDU]]
|}

==Vice-Presidents of the Chamber of States==
{| class="wikitable"
! Name
! Period
! Party
|-
|[[August Fröhlich]]
|1950 – 1958
|[[Socialist Unity Party of Germany|SED]]
|-
|[[Hans Luthardt]]
|1950 – 1958
|[[National Democratic Party of Germany (East Germany)|NDPD]]
|-
|[[Erich Hagemeier]]
|1950 – 1954
|[[Liberal Democratic Party of Germany|LDPD]]
|-
|Dr. [[Karl Mühlmann]]
|1954 – 1958
|[[Liberal Democratic Party of Germany|LDPD]]
|-
|[[Max Suhrbier]]
|1958
|[[Liberal Democratic Party of Germany|LDPD]]
|-
|[[Diedrich Besler]]
|1950 – 1954
|[[Democratic Farmers' Party of Germany|DBD]]
|-
|[[Albert Rödiger]]
|1954 – 1958
|[[Democratic Farmers' Party of Germany|DBD]]
|}

==See also==
*[[Administrative divisions of the German Democratic Republic]]
*[[Politics of East Germany]]

==External links==
*[https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=de&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.documentarchiv.de%2Fddr%2F1950%2Fddr-laenderkammer_ges.html&act=url Law on the composition of the upper house of the German Democratic Republic.]
{{National upper houses}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chamber Of States}}
[[Category:Politics of East Germany]]
[[Category:1949 establishments in East Germany]]
[[Category:1958 disestablishments]]
[[Category:Defunct upper houses]]
[[Category:Historical legislatures in Germany]]