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Mada Venkateswara Rao

2026-05-08T16:21:50Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{Short description|Indian film actor and comedian (1935–2015)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Mada Venkateswara Rao
| image =
| caption =
| birthname = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date text|4 June 1935}}
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2015|10|24|1935|06|04}}
| death_place = [[Hyderabad]], [[Telangana]], India
| yearsactive = 1967–2015
| occupation = Actor
}}
'''Mada Venkateswara Rao''' (4 June 1935 – 24 October 2015<ref name="hindustantimes"/>) was an Indian actor from [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref name="indianexpress">{{cite web |last1=PTI |title=Telugu actor Mada Venkateswara Rao passes away |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/telugu-actor-mada-venkateswara-rao-passes-away/ |website=indianexpress.com |date=25 October 2015 |publisher=Indian Express |accessdate=23 July 2016|archive-date=27 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827235545/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/telugu-actor-mada-venkateswara-rao-passes-away/|url-status=live}}</ref> He acted in more than 600 Telugu films. He played notable roles in the films ''[[Mutyala Muggu]]'', ''[[Lambadolla Ramdasu]]'', and ''[[Mayadari Malligadu]]''. He was known for his comedy roles.
==Career==
He worked as an engineer in the state civil department before becoming an actor. He entered theater as a stage artist and also worked as a cine journalist. Later, he made his debut in films with Sudigundalu. He became popular with the eunuch role he played in the 1977 film ''[[Chillara Kottu Chittemma]]'', directed by [[Dasari Narayana Rao]].<ref name="hindustantimes">{{cite web |last1=IANS |first1=Hyderabad |title=Veteran Comedian Mada Venkateswara Rao dead |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/veteran-comedian-mada-venkateswara-rao-dead/story-CV1DtZZ6lP8ZgutvhfBsPN.html |website=hindustantimes.com |date=26 October 2015 |publisher=Hindustan Times |accessdate=23 July 2016|archive-date=13 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913202509/http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/veteran-comedian-mada-venkateswara-rao-dead/story-CV1DtZZ6lP8ZgutvhfBsPN.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He played similar roles in subsequent films.

He died on 24 October 2015, while undergoing treatment in a private hospital in [[Hyderabad]].

==Filmography==
{{div col |colwidth=20em}}
* ''[[Sudigundalu]]'' (1968)
* ''[[Andala Ramudu (1973 film)|Andala Ramudu]]'' (1973)
* ''Mayadari Malligadu'' (1973)
* ''[[Meena (Telugu Film)|Meena]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meena (1973) |url=https://indiancine.ma/PUB |access-date=2024-01-30 |website=Indiancine.ma}}</ref> (1973) as Picheswara Rao
* ''[[Mayadari Malligadu]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mayadari Malligadu (1973) |url=https://indiancine.ma/PUA |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=Indiancine.ma}}</ref> (1973) as Schoolmaster
* ''[[Peddalu Maarali]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Peddalu Maarali (1974) |url=https://indiancine.ma/QLI |access-date=2023-05-30 |website=Indiancine.ma |archive-date=30 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530065015/https://indiancine.ma/QLI |url-status=live}}</ref> (1974)
* ''Galipatalu'' (1974)
* ''Tulabharam'' (1974) as Giri
* ''[[Manushullo Devudu]]'' (1974)
* ''[[Mutyala Muggu]]'' (1975)
* ''Gundavantudu'' (1975)
* ''[[Padi Pantalu]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Padi Pantalu (1976) |url=https://indiancine.ma/RAZ |access-date=2024-04-10 |website=Indiancine.ma}}</ref> (1976) as Kondayya, Guravayya's son
* ''[[Aradhana (1976 film)|Aradhana]]'' (1976)
* ''[[Ramarajyamlo Raktha Paasam]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ramarajyamlo Raktha Patham (1976) |url=https://indiancine.ma/RUH |access-date=2024-04-13 |website=Indiancine.ma}}</ref> (1976) as Sevaksri
* ''Muthyala Pallaki'' (1976) as Pati
* ''[[Bhale Dongalu (1976 film)|Bhale Dongalu]]'' (1976)
* ''[[Adavi Ramudu (1977 film)|Adavi Ramudu]]'' (1977)
* ''Manassakshi'' (1977)
* ''Chillara Kottu Chittemma'' (1977)
* ''[[Seetapathi Samsaram]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Seetapathi Samsaram (1978) |url=https://indiancine.ma/TKJ |access-date=2025-10-21 |website=Indiancine.ma}}</ref> (1978) as Janabethu Anjaneyulu
* ''[[Lawyer Viswanath]]'' (1978)
* ''[[Mallepoovu|Malle Poovu]]'' (1978)
* ''Lambadolla Ramadasu'' (1978)
* ''[[Mana Voori Pandavulu|Manavoori Pandavulu]]'' (1978)
* ''[[Driver Ramudu]]'' (1979)
* ''[[Karthika Deepam (film)|Karthika Deepam]]'' (1979)
* ''[[Sri Madvirata Parvam]]'' (1979)
* ''Kodalu Vastunaru Jagratha'' (1980) as Dance Teacher
* ''[[Jathara]]'' (1980) as Kamaraju
* ''Bhola Shankarudu'' (1980)
* ''[[Thathayya Premaleelalu]]'' (1980)
* ''[[Ragile Hrudayalu]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ragile Hrudayalu (1980) |url=https://indiancine.ma/VDA |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=Indiancine.ma |archive-date=14 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114181502/https://indiancine.ma/VDA |url-status=live}}</ref> (1980) as Gurunatham, the drunkard
* ''[[Gharana Donga]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gharana Donga (1980) |url=https://indiancine.ma/USK |access-date=2024-02-03 |website=Indiancine.ma}}</ref> (1980) as Krishna's assistant
* ''[[Pelli Gola 1980|Pelli Gola]]''<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=#పెళ్లి గోల {{!}}{{!}} Pelli Gola Telugu Full Length Movie {{!}} Mohan Babu {{!}} Murali Mohan {{!}} Gayatri |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7k3kwQjTfNg |publisher=Chitraseema |access-date=2023-06-13 |language=en |archive-date=13 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613221718/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7k3kwQjTfNg&gl=US&hl=en |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}</ref> (1980) as Vishnumurthy's manager
* ''Gadasari Atta Sogasari Kodalu'' (1981)
* ''[[Chattaniki Kallu Levu]]'' (1981) as Simhachalam
* ''[[Pakkinti Ammayi (1981 film)|Pakkinti Ammayi]]'' (1981)
* ''[[Oorukichchina Maata]]'' (1981) as Daivadheenam
* ''Prema Nakshatram'' (1982)
* ''Korukunna Mogudu'' (1982)
* ''[[Bandhalu Anubandhalu]]'' (1982)
*''[[Pratigna (1982 film)|Pratigna]]''<ref>{{cite web |title=Prathignya (1982) |url=https://indiancine.ma/WYB/info |website=Indiancine.ma |access-date=17 April 2023 |archive-date=17 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417154242/https://indiancine.ma/WYB/info |url-status=live}}</ref> (1982) as Ullipayala Mallayya
* ''[[Bezawada Bebbuli]]'' (1983)
* ''Gudachari No 1'' (1983)
* ''Maro Mayabazar'' (1983)
* ''Ikanaina Marandi'' (1983)
* ''[[Tarzan Sundari]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tarzan Sundari |url=https://spicyonion.com/title/tarzan-sundari-telugu-movie/ |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=Spicyonion.com |language=en |archive-date=1 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240101094327/https://spicyonion.com/title/tarzan-sundari-telugu-movie/ |url-status=usurped}}</ref>'' (1983) as Ayurvedic Doctor
* ''[[Shakthi (film)|Shakthi]]'' (1983)
* ''Sardar''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sardar (1984) |url=https://indiancine.ma/ZDL |access-date=2023-04-13 |website=Indiancine.ma |archive-date=13 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413213216/https://indiancine.ma/ZDL |url-status=live}}</ref> (1984)
* ''[[Palnati Puli]]'' (1984) as Kondandam
* ''[[Padmavyuham (1984 film)|Padmavyuham]]''<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=shared&v=d2yRjqYuKTA |title=Padmavyuham Telugu Full Movie - Mohan Babu, Prabha, Chandra Mohan, Giribabu |date=2016-11-22 |last=Manisha Arts |access-date=2024-10-21 |via=YouTube}}</ref> (1984) as Panthulu
* ''[[Merupu Daadi]]'' (1984)
* ''[[Mantra Dandam 1985|Mantra Dandam]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mantradandam (1985) {{!}} V CINEMA – Movie, Review, Cast, Songs & Release Date |url=https://www.vcinema.com/movie/about:blank |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=www.vcinema.com |language=en |archive-date=7 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707161434/https://www.vcinema.com/movie/about:blank |url-status=live }}</ref> (1985)
* ''[[Khooni (1985 Telugu film)|Khooni]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Khooni (1985) |url=https://indiancine.ma/ZWJ |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=Indiancine.ma |archive-date=21 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231221102053/https://indiancine.ma/ZWJ |url-status=live}}</ref> (1985) as Devadasu
* ''[[Adavi Donga]]'' (1985)
* ''Pelli Meeku Akshintalu Naaku'' (1985)
* ''Maya Mohini'' (1985)
* ''Aggiraju'' (1985)
* ''[[Pattabhishekam (1985 film)|Pattabhishekam]]'' (1985)
* ''Ooriki Soggadu'' (1985) as Abaddham
* ''[[Car Diddina Kapuram]]'' (1986) as Seth Kishanlal
* ''[[Ugra Narasimham]]'' (1986)
* ''Prathidwani'' (1986)
* ''[[Seetharama Kalyanam (1986 film)|Seetharama Kalyanam]]'' (1986)
* ''Ravana Brahma'' (1986)
* ''Srimathi Kanuka'' (1986)
* ''[[Karu Diddina Kapuram]]'' (1986)
* ''Naga Devatha'' (1986)
* ''[[Krishna Garadi]]'' (1986) as Devadasu
* ''[[Kondaveeti Raja]]'' (1986)
* ''[[Jayam Manade (1986 film)|Jayam Manade]]'' (1986)
* ''[[Ide Naa Samadhanam]]''<ref>{{Cite web |last=FilmiClub |title=Ide Naa Samadhanam (1986) Complete Cast & Crew |url=https://www.filmiclub.com/movie/ide-naa-samadhanam-1986-telugu-movie/cast-crew |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=FilmiClub |language=en-US |archive-date=21 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421153510/https://www.filmiclub.com/movie/ide-naa-samadhanam-1986-telugu-movie/cast-crew |url-status=live}}</ref> (1986) as Ananthachari
* ''Adavi Raja''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adavi Raja (1986) {{!}} V CINEMA – Movie, Review, Cast, Songs & Release Date |url=https://www.vcinema.com/movie/about:blank |access-date=2023-07-06 |website=www.vcinema.com |language=en |archive-date=7 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707161434/https://www.vcinema.com/movie/about:blank |url-status=live }}</ref> (1986) as Kadupula Subba Reddy
* ''[[Veera Pratap]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Veera Pratap (1987) |url=https://indiancine.ma/ANRZ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=Indiancine.ma |archive-date=18 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218174605/https://indiancine.ma/ANRZ |url-status=live}}</ref> (1987)
* ''Rowdy Babai'' (1987)
* ''[[Bharatamlo Arjunudu]]'' (1987) as Panganamala Ranganatham
* ''[[Samrat (1987 film)|Samrat]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Samrat (1987) |url=https://indiancine.ma/ACFP |access-date=2023-11-05 |website=Indiancine.ma |archive-date=5 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105183201/https://indiancine.ma/ACFP |url-status=live}}</ref> (1987) as Avatharam
* ''[[Dongodochadu]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dongodochadu (1987) {{!}} V CINEMA – Movie, Review, Cast, Songs & Release Date |url=https://www.vcinema.com/movie/about:blank |access-date=2023-10-07 |website=www.vcinema.com |language=en |archive-date=7 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707161434/https://www.vcinema.com/movie/about:blank |url-status=live }}</ref> (1987) as 'Natasarpa' Appa Rao
* ''[[Kirai Dada]]'' (1987) as Chitti
* ''Punya Dampathulu'' (1987)
* ''[[Sankar Guru (1987 film)|Chinnari Devatha]]'' (1987)
* ''[[Muddayi]]'' (1987) as Collector's assistant
* ''Chandamama Raave'' (1987)
* ''[[Sankharavam (1987 film)|Sankharavam]]'' (1987) as Ponnu Swamy
* ''Praja Pratinidhi'' (1988)
* ''[[Brahma Putrudu]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Chuttalabbayi]]'' (1988)
* ''Bharya Bhartala Bagotham'' (1988)
* ''Veguchukka Pagatichukka'' (1988)
* ''Aanimuthyam'' (1988)
* ''[[Chattamto Chadarangam]]''<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJmkchM8ZZU |title=CHATTAMTHO CHADARANGAM {{!}} TELUGU FULL MOVIE {{!}} SOBHAN BABU {{!}} SARATH BABU {{!}}ARJUN {{!}} SHARADA {{!}} V9 VIDEOS |language=en |access-date=2024-05-01 |via=www.youtube.com}}</ref> (1988) as Police Constable
* ''Raktha Kanneeru''<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=RAKTHA KANNEERU {{!}} TELUGU FULL MOVIE {{!}} SUMAN {{!}} SARADA {{!}} PARUCHURI {{!}} TELUGU CINE CAFE |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXvGHE2uGV8 |publisher=Telugu Cine Cafe |via=YouTube |date=1 May 2018 |access-date=2023-05-13 |language=en |archive-date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230513203649/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXvGHE2uGV8&gl=US&hl=en |url-status=live }}</ref> (1989) as Dr. Khadar Khan
* ''[[Bhale Donga]]'' (1989) as Gurbachan Singh
* ''Gopal Rao Gari Abbayi'' (1989)
* ''[[Sahasame Naa Oopiri]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Ontari Poratam]]'' (1989) as Vishweshwaraiah, Shopping Complex Owner
* ''[[Prananiki Pranam]]'' (1990) as Inspector
* ''[[Kaliyuga Abhimanyudu]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kaliyuga Abhimanyudu (1990) {{!}} V CINEMA – Movie, Review, Cast, Songs & Release Date |url=https://www.vcinema.com/movie/about:blank |access-date=2023-11-02 |website=www.vcinema.com |language=en |archive-date=7 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707161434/https://www.vcinema.com/movie/about:blank |url-status=live }}</ref> (1990) as Anji
* ''[[Muddula Menalludu]]'' (1990)
* ''[[Guru Sishyulu (1990 film)|Guru Sishyulu]]'' (1990)
* ''[[Aayudham (1990 film)|Aayudham]]'' (1990)
* ''Padmavathi Kalyanam'' (1990)
* ''[[Amma Rajinama]]'' (1991)
* ''Tharaka Prabhuni Deeksha Mahimalu'' (1991)
* ''Pellam Chatu Mogudu'' (1992)
* ''[[Subba Rayudi Pelli]]'' (1992)
* ''Pelli Neeku Shobanam Naaku'' (1992)
* ''[[Manavarali Pelli]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manavarali Pelli (1993) |url=https://indiancine.ma/AOOH |access-date=2024-01-09 |website=Indiancine.ma |archive-date=25 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225125754/https://indiancine.ma/AOOH |url-status=live}}</ref> (1993) as Snake Charmer
* ''Paruvu Prathishta'' (1993)
* ''Jeevithame Oka Cinema'' (1993)
* ''[[Allari Premikudu]]'' (1994)
* ''[[Gharana Bullodu]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gharana Bullodu (1995) Cast – Actor, Actress, Director, Producer, Music Director |url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/gharana-bullodu-26599/cast-crew |access-date=2023-06-17 |website=Cinestaan |archive-date=17 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617064912/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/gharana-bullodu-26599/cast-crew |url-status=live}}</ref> (1995)
* ''[[Bhale Bullodu]]'' (1995)
* ''Bethala Mantrikudu'' (1997)
* ''[[Ganesh (1998 film)|Ganesh]]'' (1998)
* ''[[Love Story 1999]]'' (1998)
* ''Lagna Patrika'' (2002)
* ''[[Pagale Vennela]]'' (2007)
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|nm0534459}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rao, Mada Venkateswara}}
[[Category:Place of birth missing]]
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:2015 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Male actors from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Male actors from Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Indian male comedians]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Indian male stage actors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:Telugu comedians]]
[[Category:Telugu male actors]]

Ashoknagar Assembly constituency

2026-05-08T10:35:42Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{Short description|West Bengal Legislative Assembly constituency}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{for multi|the constituency in [[Madhya Pradesh]]|Ashok Nagar Assembly constituency | Municipality in [[North 24 Parganas]]|Ashoknagar, North 24 Parganas}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Ashoknagar
| type = SLA
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Vidhan Sabha constituencies/West Bengal/Ashoknagar.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Ashoknagar Assembly Constituency
| map_alt =
| mla = [[Dr. Sumay Hira]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| alliance =
| latest_election_year = [[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
| preceded_by =[[Narayan Goswami]]
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| district = [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Barasat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Barasat]]
| constituency_no = 101
| established = 1967
| electors =
| reservation = None
| abolished =
}}

'''Ashoknagar Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[North 24 Parganas district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].
{{Pie chart
| value1 = 50
| value2 = 18.75
| value3 = 12.5
| value4 = 6.25
| value5 = 12.5
| label1 = [[Communist Party of India (Marxist) | Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (8 times)
| label2 = [[All India Trinamool Congress |All India Trinamool Congress]] (3 times)
| label3 = [[Communist Party of India]] (2 times)
| label4 = [[Independent politician]] (1 time)
| label5= [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (2 time)
| color1 = {{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
| color2 = {{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
| color3 = {{party color|Communist Party of India}}
| color4 = {{party color|[[Independent politician]]}}
|color5 = {{party color| Bhartiya Janata Party}}
| caption = Most Successful parties from Ashoknagar assembly
}}

==Overview==
As per orders of the [[Delimitation Commission of India|Delimitation Commission]], No. 101 Ashoknagar Assembly constituency is composed of the following: [[Ashoknagar Kalyangarh]] municipality, and [[Habra II (Community development block)|Habra II]] [[Community Development Block in India|community development block]].<ref name=delimitation>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/WestBengal/FINAL%20ORDER%20NOTIFICATION_English.pdf | title = Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 dated 15 February 2006 | access-date=15 October 2010 |work = West Bengal | publisher= Election Commission of India}}</ref>

Ashoknagar Assembly constituency is part of No. 17 [[Barasat (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name=delimitation/>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[1967 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|rowspan="2"|Sadhan Kumar Sen
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[1969 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1969]]
|-
|[[1971 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1971]]
|Nani Kar
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|dab=yes}}
|-
|[[1972 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|Keshab Chandra Bhattacharya
|{{Full party name with color|Independent}}
|-
|[[1977 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|rowspan="4"|Nani Kar
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=5|dab=yes}}
|-
|[[1982 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1982]]
|-
|[[1987 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1987]]
|-
|[[1991 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1991]]
|-
|[[1996 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1996]]
|Nirode Roy Choudhury
|-
|1999^
|[[Badal Bhattacharya]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|[[2001 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
|Sarmistha Dutta
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=2|dab=yes}}
|-
|[[2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
|Satyasebi Kar
|-
|[[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Dhiman Roy]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|-
|[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|[[Narayan Goswami]]
|-
| [[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
| Dr. Sumay Hira
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|}

* ^ by-election

==Election results==

===2026===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Ashoknagar}}[[Narayan Goswami]] faced severe backlash in January 2025 for inappropriate behavior and indecent comments during a cultural event in Ashoknagar, leading to a show-cause notice from the party. He apologized for his remarks, admitting guilt and submitting a written response to the party leadership.{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Dr. Sumay Hira|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=96,807|percentage=44.05|change={{Up}}11.73}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Narayan Goswami]]|party=Trinamool Congress|votes=87,399|percentage=39.77|change={{Down}}3.41}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Tapas Banerjee|party=Indian Secular Front|votes=29,493{{formatnum:}}|percentage=13.42|change={{Down}}7.71}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Angshuman Roy|party=Indian National Congress|votes=1,417|percentage=0.64|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Tapas Banerjee|party=Independent|votes=1,285|percentage=0.58|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Tarakeswar Hawlader|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes=658|percentage=0.3|change={{Down}}0.19}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Tarak Das|party=Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)|votes=628{{formatnum:}}|percentage=0.29|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Sikha Ghosh|party=Janata Unnayan Party|votes=610|percentage=0.28|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]|party=None of the above (India)|votes=1,161|percentage=0.53|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=9,408|percentage=4.28|change={{Down}}3.11}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=2,19,757{{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = BJP
|loser = Trinamool Congress
|swing = 9408
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2021===
{{Election box begin | title= 2021 West Bengal assembly election: Ashoknagar constituency}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Narayan Goswami]]
|votes = 93,587
|percentage = 43.18
|change = {{Down}}6.8
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Tanuja Chakraborty|votes=78031|percentage=32.32|change={{Up}}24.95}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian Secular Front|candidate=Tapas Banerjee|votes=45,795|percentage=21.13|change={{New}}}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Jagadish Ray|votes=1,053|percentage=0.49|change={{Down}}0.32}}
{{Election box majority||votes=15,556|percentage=7.39|change={{Down}}4.28}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=210,490|percentage=81.77|change={{Down}}4.63}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2016===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2016 West Bengal state assembly election]]: Ashoknagar constituency}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=Dhiman Roy|votes=98,042|percentage=49.98|change={{Down}}5.41}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=Satyasebi Kar|votes=75,143|percentage=38.30|change={{Down}}0.85}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Tanuja Chakraborty|votes=16,429|percentage=8.37|change={{Up}}5.93}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Tarakeswar Hawlader|votes=1,582|percentage=0.81|change={{Down}}0.03}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = RPI(A)
|candidate = Ajit Kumar Sarkar
|votes = 1,339
|percentage = 0.68
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation|candidate=Jayasri Das|votes=1,262|percentage=0.64|change={{Down}}0.41}}
{{Election box majority||votes=22,899|percentage=11.67|change={{Down}}4.57}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=196,181|percentage=86.40|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2011===
In the 2011 election, Dhiman Roy of Trinamool Congress defeated his nearest rival Satyasebi Kar of CPI(M).
{{Election box begin | title=[[2011 West Bengal state assembly election]]: Ashoknagar constituency<ref name="vidhansabha2011">{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2011/stat_WB_May2011.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 2011, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=101| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120327191709/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=101| url-status = usurped| archive-date = 27 March 2012|title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work =Ashoknagar| publisher =Empowering India |access-date = 24 April 2011}}</ref>}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=Dhiman Roy|votes=94,451|percentage=55.39|change=+6.30#}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=Satyasebi Kar|votes=66,759|percentage=39.15|change=-6.93}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Gopal Nandi|votes=4,168|percentage=2.44|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation|candidate=Jayasri Das|votes=1,783|percentage=1.05|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Tarakeswar Hawlader|votes=1,428|percentage=0.84|change=}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Tapas Roy
|votes = 1,344
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Uttam Kumar Raha
|votes = 6,000
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority||votes=27,692|percentage=16.24|change=}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=170,533|percentage=88.55|change=}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing = 13.43#
}}
{{Election box end}}

.# Swing calculated on Congress+Trinamool Congress vote percentages taken together in 2006.

===1977–2006===
In the [[2006 West Bengal state assembly election|2006 state assembly elections]],<ref name="vidhansabha2006">{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_WB_2006.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 2006, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref> Satyasebi Kar of [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] won the Ashoknagar assembly seat, defeating his nearest rival Dhiman Roy of [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]]. Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners-up are being mentioned. Sarmistha Dutta of CPI(M) defeated Ashok Krishna Dutt of Trinamool Congress in 2001. Badal Bhattacharya of BJP defeated Rekha Goswami of CPIM in the 1999 Bye election, caused by the death of sitting MLA, Nirode Roy Chowdhury.<ref name="vidhansabha2001">{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/StatRept_WB_2001.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 2001, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref> Nirode Roy Choudhury of CPI(M) defeated Dhiman Roy of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 1996.<ref name="vidhansabha1996">{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-WB96.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1996, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref> Nani Kar of CPI(M) defeated Keshab Chandra Bhattacharya of Congress/ Independent in 1991,<ref name="vidhansabha1991">{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-West%20Bengal91.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 1991, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref> 1987,<ref name="vidhansabha1987">{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReportWestBengal87.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1987, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref> 1982<ref name="vidhansabha1982">{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1982/StatisticalReportWestBengal82.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1982, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref> and 1977.<ref name="vidhansabha1977">{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportWestBengal77.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1977, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/archive/ElectionAnalysis/AE/S25/Partycomp88.htm |title =88 - Ashokenagar Assembly Constituency |work = Partywise Comparison Since 1977 | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 15 October 2010}}</ref>

===1967–1972===
Keshab Chandra Bhattacharya, Independent, won in 1972.<ref name="vidhansabha1972">{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_WB_72.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1972, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref> Nani Kar of CPI(M) won in 1971.<ref name="vidhansabha1971">{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_WB_71.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1971, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref> Sadhan Kumar Sen of [[Communist Party of India|CPI]] won in 1969<ref name="vidhansabha1969">{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1969/StatReport_WB_69.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 1969, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission |access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref> and 1967.<ref name="vidhansabha1967">{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20report%20WB1967.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1967, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 13 August 2014}}</ref> Prior to that the Ashoknagar seat was not there.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{North 24 Parganas topics}}
{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}

{{West Bengal elections}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of North 24 Parganas district]]
[[Category:1967 establishments in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1967]]

Taara (TV series)

2026-05-07T08:00:39Z

Narayanacancercentre: created data

{{notability|date=March 2026}}
{{for|1993 TV series|Tara (TV series)}}
{{Infobox television
| image =
| creator = [[Leena Gangopadhyay]]
| genre = {{ubl|[[Romance film|Romance]]| [[Drama]]}}
| writer =
| screenplay =
| story =
| director =
| creative_director = Garima Dimri
| starring = {{ubl|[[Kanikka Kapur]]|[[Krushal Ahuja]]}}
| opentheme =
| endtheme =
| open_theme =
| composer =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons =
| num_episodes = 58 
| executive_producer =
| producer = {{ubl |Saibal Banerjee |[[Leena Gangopadhyay]]}}
| editor =
| cinematography =
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 20 minutes
| company = [[Magic Moments Motion Pictures]]
| network = [[StarPlus]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2026|03|10|df=y}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2026|05|07|df=y}}
| related =
}}

'''''Taara''''' is an Indian [[Hindi]]-language television drama series that was aired on [[StarPlus]] on 10 March 2026 to 7 May 2026 and streams digitally on [[JioHotstar]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sehgal|first=Chirag|date=17 February 2026|title=Will Yuvraj & Tara’s Love Story Pass The Test Of Time? Read On|url=https://www.news18.com/movies/television/will-yuvraj-taras-love-story-pass-the-test-of-time-read-on-aa-ws-l-9910551.html|access-date=4 March 2026|work=[[News18]]|language=en}}</ref> Produced under [[Magic Moments Motion Pictures]], its official remake of [[Colors TV]]'s ''[[Durga – Atoot Prem Kahani]]''. Starring [[Kanikka Kapur]] and [[Krushal Ahuja]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=13 February 2026|title=Star Plus unveils first glimpse of new romantic show starring Krushal Ahuja and Kanikka Kapur, title still under wraps|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/star-plus-unveils-first-glimpse-new-romantic-show-starring-krushal-ahuja-kanikka-kapur-title-still-wraps/|access-date=4 March 2026|work=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|language=en}}</ref>

== Cast ==
=== Main ===
* [[Kanikka Kapur]] as IPS Taara Shekhawat: Yuvraj's childhood best friend and second wife
* [[Krushal Ahuja]] as Yuvraj Shekhawat: Saina's widower; Taara's husband

=== Recurring ===
* [[Gireesh Sahdev]] as Vikram Shekhawat: Yuvraj's father
* [[Gurdeep Kohli]] as Chandani Rathod
* Gauri Kadu as Rukmini
* [[Vinay Rohrra]] as Jagdish Shekhawat
* Arko Mukherjee as Rajveer
* Updesh Bishnoi as Mohit
* Saloni Sandhu as Saina Shekhawat: Yuvraj's first wife (Dead)
* Tanvi Sawant as Barkha
* Shraddha Tripathi as
* [[Aakash Ahuja]] as IPS Arjun Shrivastav: Taara's mentor

== Production ==
=== Casting ===
[[Krushal Ahuja]] was confirmed to play male lead, Yuvraj.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Singh|first=Shruthi|date=16 February 2026|title=Krushal Ahuja Takes the Lead in Tara on Star Plus|url=https://www.femina.in/beauty-pageants/mr-india/krushal-ahuja-takes-the-lead-in-tara-on-star-plus/articleshow/153606616.cms|access-date=4 March 2026|work=Femina|language=en}}</ref>

=== Release ===
In February 2026, StarPlus unveiled a teaser introducing the new show titled ''Taara'', featuring [[Kanikka Kapur]], and [[Krushal Ahuja]]. The second promo was released in March 2026.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=26 February 2026|title=Krushal Ahuja Announces Release Date of His Upcoming Show Taara, New Promos Drop|url=https://www.femina.in/beauty-pageants/mr-india/krushal-ahuja-announces-release-date-of-his-upcoming-show-taara-new-promos-drop/articleshow/153702065.cms|access-date=4 March 2026|work=Femina|language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:2026 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:StarPlus original programming]]
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]

Sandakphu

2026-05-04T10:31:14Z

Narayanacancercentre: basic fixed citations for consistency also and corrected details

{{Short description|Mountain and highest point in West Bengal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Advert|date=April 2025}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Sandakphu
| photo = Sandakphu.jpg
| photo_caption = View from Sandakphu in Darjeeling West Bengal
| map = India West Bengal
| map_caption = Location of Sandakphu peak
| map_image= {{OSM Location map
| width=280| height=260| zoom=10
| coord={{coord|27|4|0|N|88|10|0|E}}| float=center|caption=Places and tea estates in the north-western portion of Darjeeling Sadar subdivision (including Darjeeling Pulbazar CD block) in Darjeeling district. Key: C: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, N: neighbourhood, H: hill centre, P: national park/ wildlife sanctuary, T: tourist attraction Abbreviations used in names – G for Tea Garden (town/village), E for Tea Estate Mouse over shows names of tea estates. Owing to space constraints in the small map, the locations in the larger map on click through may vary slightly.
|mark-sizeD=18,14
|shapeD=l-circle|shape-colorD= #A40000|shape-outlineD=white
|label-colorD= #800000 |label-sizeD=11
|mark-coord1={{coord|27|3|50|N|88|12|25|E}}| label-pos1=left|label1= | numbered1=C| mark-title1= [[Chongtong Tea Garden]] (census town)|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|27|4|50|N|88|17|58|E}}| label-pos2=left|label2=| numbered2=C| mark-title2= [[Ging Tea Garden]] (census town)
|mark-coord3={{coord|27|3|5|N|88|13|43|E}}| label-pos3=left|label3=| numbered3=C| mark-title3= [[Singtam Tea Garden]] (census town)
|mark-coord4={{coord|27|6|25|N|88|19|0|E}}| label-pos4= right|label4=| numbered4=E| mark-title4= [[Badamtam Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color4=#87A96B
|mark-coord5={{coord|27|1|25|N|88|15|10|E}}| label-pos5=right |label5=Darjeeling| numbered5=M| mark-title5= [[Darjeeling]] (M)| shape-color5=#800000
|mark-coord6={{coord|27|4|35|N|88|11|30|E}}| label-pos6=left|label6=| numbered6=R| mark-title6= [[Bijanbari]] (R)| shape-color6=#C42222
|mark-coord7={{coord|27|6|45|N|88|6|30|E}}| label-pos7=bottom|label7=| numbered7=R| mark-title7= [[Lodhoma]] (R)| shape-color7=#C42222
|mark-coord8={{coord|27|4|0|N|88|16|34|E}}| label-pos8= right |label8= | numbered8=E| mark-title8= [[Puttabong Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color8=#87A96B
|mark-coord9={{coord|27|7|35|N|88|6|25|E}}| label-pos9=left|label9=| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Rimbick]] (R)| shape-color9=#C42222
|mark-coord10={{coord|27|2|55|N|88|15|27|E}}| label-pos10=right|label10=| numbered10=R| mark-title10= [[Tukvar Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color10=#C42222
|mark-coord11={{coord|27|7|10|N|88|18|5|E}}| label-pos11=left|label11=| numbered11=R| mark-title11= [[Singla Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color11=#C42222
|mark-coord12={{coord|27|5|25|N|88|13|40|E}}| label-pos12=left|label12=| numbered12=R| mark-title12= [[Soom Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color12=#C42222
|mark-coord13={{coord|27|2|20|N|88|12|50|E}}| label-pos13=left|label13=| numbered13=R| mark-title13= [[Rishihat Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color13=#C42222
|mark-coord14={{coord|27|1|25|N|88|14|8|E}}| label-pos14=left|label14=| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[Orange Valley Tea Garden]] (R)| shape-color14=#C42222
|mark-coord15={{coord|27|0|10|N|88|6|25|E}}| label-pos15=bottom|label15=| numbered15=R| mark-title15= [[Manebhanjyang, Darjeeling]] (R)| shape-color15=#C42222
|mark-coord16={{coord|27|1|50|N|88|5|10|E}}| label-pos16=top|label16=| numbered16=R| mark-title16= [[Tonglu, West Bengal]] (R)| shape-color16=#C42222
|mark-coord17={{coord|27|0|40|N|88|14|47|E}}| label-pos17=right|label17=Ghum| numbered17=N| mark-title17= [[Ghum, West Bengal]] (N)| shape-color17=#E97451
|mark-coord18={{coord|27|6|30|N|88|0|0|E}}| label-pos18=right|label18=Sandakphu| numbered18=H| mark-title18= Sandakphu (H)|shape18=triangle|shape-color18=black|mark-size18=22,14|label-size18=12|label-color18=black |ldx18=-5
|mark-coord19={{coord|27|12|30|N|88|1|30|E}}| label-pos19=right|dlx19=3|label19=Phalut| numbered19=H|shape19=triangle| mark-title19= [[Phalut]] (H)| shape-color19=#87410E
|mark-coord20={{coord|27|5|35|N|88|2|40|E}}| label-pos20=bottom|label20=[[Singalila National Park|Singalila^National^Park]]| numbered20=P| mark-title20= [[Singalila National Park]] (NP)| shape-color20=#228B22|ldx20=6
|mark-coord21={{coord|27|6|20|N|88|16|3|E}}| label-pos21=left|label21=| numbered21=E| mark-title21= [[North Tukvar Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color21=#87A96B
|mark-coord22={{coord|27|5|40|N|88|16|50|E}}| label-pos22=right|label22=| numbered22=E| mark-title22= [[Phoobsering Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color22=#87A96B
|mark-coord23={{coord|26|59|45|N|88|16|42|E}}| label-pos23=right|label23=[[Tiger Hill, Darjeeling|Tiger Hill]]| numbered23=H| mark-title23= [[Tiger Hill, Darjeeling]] (H)| shape-color23=#87410E|shape23=triangle
|mark-coord24={{coord|27|0|40|N|88|13|1|E}}| label-pos24=left|label24=| numbered24=T| mark-title24= [[Rock Garden, Darjeeling]] (T)| shape-color24=#228B22
|mark-coord25={{coord|26|59|20|N|88|15|54|E}}| label-pos25=bottom|label25=[[Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary]]| numbered25=P| mark-title25= [[Senchal Wildlife Sanctuary]] (NP)| shape-color25=#228B22|ldy25=-3
|mark-coord26={{coord|27|9|0|N|88|2|29|E}}|label26=Singalila Ridge| label-angle26=-70| label-pos26=top| label-size26=10| mark-size26=0| mark-title26 =none
|mark-coord27={{coord|27|9|20|N|88|10|0|E}}|label27=Rangeet| label-color27 = #77A1CB| label-angle27=70| label-pos27=top| label-size27=10| mark-size27=0| mark-title27 =none
|mark-coord28={{coord|27|7|1|N|88|12|0|E}}|label28= River| label-color28 = #77A1CB| label-angle28=7| label-pos28=top| label-size28=10| mark-size28=0| mark-title28 =none
|mark-coord29={{coord|27|7|0|N|88|7|50|E}}|label29= Rammam|labela29=River| label-color29 = #77A1CB| label-angle29=15| label-pos29=top| label-size29=10| mark-size29=0| mark-title329 =none
|arc-coordA={{coord|27|10|57|N|88|11|50|E}}|arc-textA= SIKKIM| arc-text-colorA=hard grey| arc-angleA=-161| arc-gapA=-2| arc-radiusA=0.7
|arc-coordB={{coord|27|1|0|N|87|59|0|E}}|arc-textB= NEPAL| arc-text-colorB=hard grey| arc-angleB=40| arc-gapB=3.5| arc-radiusB=0.4
}}
| location = [[Darjeeling district]], [[West Bengal]], India; [[Ilam District]], [[Koshi Province]], Nepal
| coordinates = {{coord|27|6|21|N|88|0|6|E|type:mountain_region:IN_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m = 3636
| elevation_ref =<ref name="PB">{{cite web|url=https://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=52149|access-date=21 December 2024|title=Sandakphu, India}}</ref>
| prominence_m = 356
| prominence_ref =<ref name="PB" />
| listing = [[List of Indian states and territories by highest point]]
| range = [[Singalila Ridge]]
| topo = Google topographic map<ref>[https://www.google.co.th/maps/place/Sandakphu/@27.106095,88.0023648,12z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x6aa1ea3e41bc17bb Google topographic map]</ref>
| range_coordinates =
| coordinates_ref = <ref>[http://wikimapia.org/1272688/Sandakphu-Top Sandakphu Top - Wikimapia]</ref>
| easiest_route = Hiking or by car
|other_name =
| map_size = 300
}}
[[File:Panorama of the Kanchenjunga.jpg|alt=Panorama of the Kanchenjunga|thumb|left|831x831px|The Sleeping Buddha ]]
'''Sandakphu''' or '''Sandakpur''' at {{cvt|3636|m|ft}}<ref name="PB"/> is a mountain peak in the [[Singalila Ridge]] on the [[India–Nepal border|border]] between [[India]] and [[Nepal]]. It is the highest point of the ridge and of the state of [[West Bengal]], India. The peak is located at the edge of the [[Singalila National Park]] and has a small village on the summit with a few hotels. Four of the five highest peaks in the world, [[Mount Everest|Everest]], [[Kangchenjunga]], [[Lhotse]] and [[Makalu]] can be seen from its summit. It also affords a pristine view of the entire Kangchenjunga Range. Sandakphu is also known as the land of poisonous flowers.

==Etymology==
The name is derived from the [[Tibeto-Burman languages|Tibeto-Burman]] [[Lepcha language|Lepcha]] language and is translated as "the height of the poisonous plant" - in reference to the former abundance at the locality (present around a century ago) of the poisonous plants ''[[Aconitum ferox]]'' and certain [[rhododendron]] species.The danger of fatal poisoning to sheep and cattle being driven through the area was so great that they had to be [[Muzzle (mouth guard)|muzzled]] to prevent them grazing/browsing upon these toxic species (''Aconitum ferox'' has a good claim to being the most poisonous plant species in the world).<ref>Rai, Lalitkumar and Sharma, Eklabyar ''Medicinal Plants of the Sikkim Himalaya: Status, Uses and Potential'', pub. Govind Ballabh Pant Inst. Bishen Singh & Mahendra Pal Singh 1994 pps 25-7.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.herbcyclopedia.com/item/aconitum-ferox-the-strongest-poisonous-plant-2 |title=Aconitum Ferox Monkshood Strongest Poisonous Plant |access-date=2016-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604061053/http://www.herbcyclopedia.com/item/aconitum-ferox-the-strongest-poisonous-plant-2 |archive-date=2016-06-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Trekking==

=== India ===
The trek along the Singalila Ridge to Sandakphu and [[Phalut]] is one of the most popular in the [[Eastern Himalaya]]s, owing not only to the stupendous vistas of the Kangchenjunga and Everest ranges which it affords, but also to its seasonal wildflowers and opportunities for [[birdwatching]]. Treks begin at [[Manebhanjan]] which is {{cvt|28|km}} (approx. 1 hour by road) from [[Darjeeling]].<ref>[http://darjeeling.gov.in/treak.html/ , ''Sandakphu'', Trek to Sandakphu, 1 August 2015] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821055516/http://darjeeling.gov.in/treak.html |date=21 August 2015 }}</ref>

==== Ascent ====

The Sandakphu trekking routes inside the Singalila National Park have four legs or stages.
* Manebhanjan to [[Meghma]] – height {{cvt|2600|m}}: This is a 4-hour trek through the lower forest. The route goes via Chitre.
* Meghma to [[Gairibans]] – height {{cvt|2621|m}}: There are two alternative trekking routes. They respectively go via [[Tonglu, West Bengal|Tonglu]] – height {{cvt|3070|m}} and [[Tumling]] – height {{cvt|2900|m}}. From Tumling, a shorter trail cuts through Nepal and Jaubari – height {{cvt|2750|m}}. Jaubari is ward no 07 of jamuna VDC ilam.
* Gairibans to Sandakphu – height {{cvt|3636|m}}
* Sandakphu to Phalut – height {{cvt|3600|m}}: It is a one-day trek via Sabarkum – height {{cvt|3536|m}} covering {{cvt|21|km}}.

==== Descent ====

* Retracing the way back to Manebhanjan.
* A steep descent to the village of Sirikhola on the banks of the River Sirikhola, via Gurdum – height {{cvt|2300|m}}, and from there to [[Rimbick]].

'''Panorama of Peaks seen from Sandakphu and Phalut'''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://himalayanhigh.in/sandakphu-phalut-trek|title=SANDAKPHU PHALUT TREK}}</ref>

[[Baruntse]] – height {{cvt|7220|m}}, [[Chamlang]] – height {{cvt|7319|m}}, [[Numbur]] – height {{cvt|6958|m}}, [[Hunku Chuli]] – height {{cvt|6833|m}}, [[Chomo Lonzo]] – height {{cvt|7818|m}}, [[Kyashar]] – height {{cvt|6769|m}}, [[Mera Peak]] – height {{cvt|6476|m}} Lhotse – height {{cvt|8516|m}}, Makalu – height {{cvt|8485|m}}, Mount Everest – height {{cvt|8849|m}}, [[Nuptse]] – height {{cvt|7861|m}}, Kanchenjunga – height {{cvt|8586|m}}, Rathong – height {{cvt|6678|m}}, Kabru N – height {{cvt|7412|m}}, Kokthang – height {{cvt|6148|m}}, Simvo – height {{cvt|6812|m}}, Frey – height {{cvt|5853|m}}, Kabru S – height {{cvt|7338|m}}, Kabru Dome – height {{cvt|6600|m}}, Kabru Forked – height {{cvt|6108|m}}, [[Mount Pandim|Pandim]] – height {{cvt|6691|m}}, Tinchenkhang – height {{cvt|6010|m}}, Jupono – height {{cvt|5936|m}}, [[Pauhunri]] – height {{cvt|7128|m}}, [[Shudu Tsenpa]] – height {{cvt|7024|m}}, [[Jomolhari]] – height {{cvt|7326|m}}

'''Villages At Glance:''' Gorkhey, Bhareng, Gairibas, Meghma, Maneybhanjyang, Rammam, Srikhola, Sepi, Molley, Gurdum.<ref name=":0" />

=== Nepal ===
The western part of Sandakphu peak is located in [[Sandakpur, Nepal|Sandakpur rural municipality]] (ward no. 2 & 4) of [[Ilam District]] of [[Province No. 1]].

The trekking starts from [[Ilam, Nepal|Ilam Bazar]] via [[Maipokhari]], [[Maimajhuwa]], [[Mabu, Nepal|Mabu]], Kala Pokhri Bikhe Bhyanjyang to Sandakpur, and also from Ilam Bazar via Sulubung, [[Jamuna, Nepal|Jamuna]], Hangetham (a special area for birds such as the [[spiny babbler]] and [[blue tit]]), Piple, Kalipokhari, Bikhe Vanjyang to Sandakpur. Jamuna is a highlight for trekkers. There are several beautiful places like Dhap Pokhari and Choyatar (special area for [[Red panda|red pandas]]) on the route.<ref name="commercialshouldberemovedwhenbettersources">{{Cite web |title=Sandakphu Trek |url=https://sandakphutrek.com/ |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=sandakphutrek.com}}</ref>

{{-}}

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:From Sandakphu trek.jpg|Sunrise on Mt. Kanchendzonga from Aahl near Sandakphu or Sandakpur
File:Kanchendzonga from sandakaphu.jpg|Singalila Range and [[Kangchenjunga|Kanchenjungha]] seen from Sandakpur
File:Sandakphu panorama.jpg|A panoramic view of Sandakpur.
File:Domestic yak in Sandakpur.jpg|[[Yak|Domestic yak]] (''Bos grunniens'') near Sandakpur
File:Sandakpur top view.jpg|View of Sandakphu from above
File:Sandakpur, Ilam Nepal.jpg|Sandakphu: shrub-clad rocky ridge with toxic, pink-flowered [[rhododendron]] species - for which it was (in part) named
</gallery>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category|Sandakphu}}
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/95864028@N07/16495995394/in/set-72157649586827433 Mt Everest and Lhotse as seen from Sandakphu]
*{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20150817185900/http://conflatingvisions.com/2015/08/in-the-land-of-sleeping-buddha-sandakphu/ In the Land of Sleeping Buddha - A Guide to Sandakphu Trek]}}
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNXU1IR2LR8 Land of the Land Rovers - Community fleet of 57 Series I in daily use from Maneybhanjang to the Sandakphu summit]
*[https://getsetgoonline.com/blog/20-stunning-photos-that-will-inspire-you-to-trek-to-sandakphu/ 20 Stunning Photos of Sandakphu]

{{West Bengal topics}}
{{Darjeeling District}}
{{Darjeeling}}

[[Category:Mountains of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Mountains of Koshi Province]]
[[Category:Villages in Darjeeling district]]
[[Category:Highest points of Indian states and union territories]]
[[Category:India–Nepal border]]
[[Category:Geography of Darjeeling district]]

Nabaneeta Dev Sen

2026-04-29T04:38:13Z

Narayanacancercentre: Made some details with sources

{{Short description|Indian writer and academic (1938–2019)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox writer
|name = Nabaneeta Dev Sen
|image = Nabaneeta Dev Sen.jpg
|alt = An Indian woman, smiling
|birth_date = {{birth date|1938|1|13|df=y}}
|birth_place = [[Calcutta]], [[British Raj|British India]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2019|11|7|1938|1|13}}
|death_place = [[Kolkata]], India
|occupation = Novelist, children's author, poet, academic
|spouse = {{marriage|[[Amartya Sen]]|1958|1976|end=div}}
|children = [[Antara Dev Sen|Antara]] and [[Nandana Sen|Nandana]]
|awards = {{ubl|[[Padmashri|Padma Shri]] (2000)|[[Sahitya Akademi Award]] (1999)|[[Kamal Kumari National Award]] (2004)}}
|education = [[University of Calcutta]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) [[Jadavpur University]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]]) [[Harvard University]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]]) [[Indiana University Bloomington]] ([[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])
}}
'''Nabaneeta Dev Sen''' (Nôbonita Deb Sen; 13 January 1938 – 7 November 2019) was an Indian writer and academic. After studying arts and comparative literature, she moved to the United States where she studied further. She returned to India and taught at several universities and institutes as well as serving in various positions in literary institutes. She published more than 80 books in Bengali: poetry, novels, short stories, plays, literary criticism, personal essays, travelogues, humour writing, translations and children's literature. She was awarded the [[Padma Shri]] in 2000 and the [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] in 1999.

==Early life and education==
Dev Sen was born in [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] (now Kolkata) into a [[Bengali people|Bengali]] family on 13 January 1938. She was the only child of the poet-couple Narendra Dev ([[Narendra Deb]] 1888–1971, son of Nagendra Chandra Deb) and [[Radharani Devi]] (1903–1989), who wrote under the pen name Aparajita Devi.<ref name="loc">{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/acq/ovop/delhi/salrp/nabaneetadevsen.html|title=Nabaneeta Nabaneeta Dev Sen – Bengali Writer: The South Asian Literary Recordings Project (Library of Congress New Delhi Office)|date=13 January 1938|publisher=Loc.gov|access-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026140647/http://www.loc.gov/acq/ovop/delhi/salrp/nabaneetadevsen.html|archive-date=26 October 2012|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="PB">{{cite web|url=http://www.parabaas.com/translation/database/authors/texts/nabaneetadevsen.html|title=Nabaneeta Nabaneeta Dev Sen – Biographical Sketch [Parabaas Translation]|author=Parabaas Inc.|publisher=Parabaas.com|access-date=18 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829052326/http://www.parabaas.com/translation/database/authors/texts/nabaneetadevsen.html|archive-date=29 August 2012|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="blackbird.vcu.edu">{{cite journal|title=Nabaneeta Dev Sen |journal=Blackbird |url=http://www.blackbird.vcu.edu/v8n2/poetry/sen_n/index.shtml|access-date=2 April 2011|date=Fall 2009 |volume=8 |issue=22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606205534/http://www.blackbird.vcu.edu/v8n2/poetry/sen_n/index.shtml|archive-date=6 June 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Bumiller">{{cite book |last1=Bumiller |first1=Elisabeth |title=May You be the Mother of a Hundred Sons: A Journey Among the Women of India |date=1991 |publisher=Penguin Books India |isbn=9780140156713 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/mayyoubemotherof00bumi/page/n245 218]–227 |url=https://archive.org/details/mayyoubemotherof00bumi |url-access=registration |quote=Nabaneeta Dev Sen. |access-date=9 November 2019}}</ref> She was given her name by [[Rabindranath Tagore]].<ref name="Tharu1993" /><ref name="Alexander"/>

Her childhood experiences included [[World War II]] air raids, seeing people starving in the [[Bengal famine of 1943]], and the impact of large numbers of refugees arriving in Calcutta after the [[partition of India]].<ref name="Panth">{{cite news |last1=Panth |first1=Sirshendu |title=Tribute to Nabaneeta: 'A voice that spoke of the dilemma of Bengal's so-called intellectuals' |url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/culture/books/2019/nov/08/tribute-to-nabaneeta-a-voice-that-spoke-of-the-dilemma-of-bengals-so-called-intellectuals-19659.html |access-date=9 November 2019 |work=The New Indian Express Indulge |date=8 November 2019}}</ref> She attended Gokhale Memorial Girls' School and [[Presidency College, Kolkata]].<ref name="Panth"/>

She received her BA in English from [[Presidency College]],<ref name="News Nation">{{cite news |title=Nabaneeta Dev Sen, Padma Shri Award Winning Poet, Dies In Kolkata |url=https://www.newsnation.in/cities/kolkata/nabanita-deb-sen-padmashree-award-winning-poet-dies-in-kolkata-243412.html |access-date=9 November 2019 |work=News Nation |date=7 November 2019}}</ref><ref name="Tharu1993"/> and was a student of inaugural batch of the Department of Comparative Literature at [[Jadavpur University]], from where she obtained her MA in 1958.<ref name="blackbird.vcu.edu" /> She obtained another MA (with distinction) in comparative literature from [[Harvard University]] in 1961 and went on to receive a doctorate from [[Indiana University Bloomington]] in 1964.<ref name="blackbird.vcu.edu"/> She then completed her post-doctoral research at the [[University of California at Berkeley]] and [[Newnham College, Cambridge]].<ref name="Tharu1993" /><ref name=":0" />

==Career==
===Academic===
Dev Sen was a writer in residence at several international artists' colonies, including [[Yaddo]] and [[MacDowell Colony]] in the United States; Bellaggio in Italy; and the [[Mishkenot Sha'ananim]] in Jerusalem.<ref name="Māthura">{{cite book |last1=Māthura |first1=Divyā |title=Aashaa: Hope/faith/trust : Short Stories by Indian Women Writers Translated from Hindi and Other Indian Languages |date=2003 |publisher=Star Publications, for Indian Book Shelf, London, England |location=New Delhi |isbn=9788176500753 |page=170 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gQSwvro50oUC&q=%22Nabaneeta+Dev+Sen%22+Yaddo&pg=PA170 |access-date=9 November 2019}}</ref>

She held the Maytag Chair of Creative Writing and Comparative Literature at Colorado College, 1988–1989.<ref name="Māthura"/> She was a visiting professor and a visiting creative writer at several universities including Harvard, Cornell, Columbia, Chicago (USA), Humboldt (Germany), Universities of Toronto, British Columbia (Canada), Melbourne, New South Wales (Australia), and El Collegio de Mexico.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Māthura"/> She delivered the Radhakrishnan Memorial Lecture series (1996–1997) at [[Oxford University]] on epic poetry.<ref name=":0" />

In 2002, Dev Sen retired as Professor of Comparative Literature at [[Jadavpur University]], Calcutta.<ref name="PB"/>

She was a [[University Grants Commission (India)|University Grants Commission]] Senior Fellow at [[University of Delhi]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.sawnet.org/books/authors.php?Sen+Nabaneeta+Dev|title=Nabaneeta Nabaneeta Dev Sen Bookshelf|work=The South Asian Women's NETwork|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406093353/http://sawnet.org/books/authors.php?Sen+Nabaneeta+Dev|archive-date=6 April 2016|access-date=2 April 2011}}</ref> From 2003 to 2005, Dev Sen was the J. P. Naik Distinguished Fellow at the Centre of Women's Development Studies in New Delhi.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DDxFDwAAQBAJ&q=%22Naik+Distinguished+Fellow%22+%22Nabaneeta+Dev+Sen%22&pg=PA194|title=Janani: Mothers, Daughters, Motherhood|last=Bhattacharya|first=Rinki|date=7 November 2006|publisher=SAGE Publishing India|isbn=9789352805198|language=en}}</ref>

She represented herself and India in many international conferences, both academic and literary,<ref name="Māthura"/> and at the Festival of India USA in 1986.<ref name="Bumiller"/>

Dev Sen was a member of the [[Social Network for Assistance to People]] (informally Association SNAP) that published a ground-breaking survey in 2014 that revealed the extent of poverty among the Muslim community of [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Muslims lack opportunity in India's West Bengal |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/archive/muslims-lack-opportunity-in-indias-west-bengal/153717 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref>

===Associations===
She held executive positions in the International Comparative Literature Association (1973–1979),<ref name="Māthura"/> and the International Association of Semiotic and Structural Studies (1989–1994).<ref name="Māthura"/> Dev Sen was the vice-president of the [[Bangiya Sahitya Parishad]], an academy for Bengali literature. She was the founder and president of West Bengal Women Writers' Association.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thewire.in/books/nabaneeta-dev-sen|title=Writer and Padma Shri Awardee Nabaneeta Dev Sen Passes Away|website=The Wire|access-date=10 November 2019}}</ref> She was the founder secretary and later vice-president of the Indian National Comparative Literature Association.<ref name="loc" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name="Māthura"/> She was a Fellow of the [[Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Māthura"/> She was a member of the advisory board for Bengali, Sahitya Akademi from 1978 to 1982, as well as the Member and Convenor, Bharatiya [[Jnanpith Award]] Language Advisory Committee from 1975 to 1990.<ref name="loc" /><ref name="Tharu1993"/>

She also served as Member of the Jury of important literary awards including the [[Jnanpith Award]], [[Saraswati Samman]], Kabir Samman, and [[Rabindra Puraskar]].{{Citation needed|date=November 2019}}

===Literary career===
Dev Sen published more than 80 books in Bengali: poetry, novels, short stories, plays, literary criticism, personal essays, travelogues, humour writing, translations and children's literature.<ref name="Tharu1993">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OjZYf9Xf9bcC&pg=PA447|title=Women Writing in India: The Twentieth Century, Volume 2|last1=Tharu|first1=Susie J.|last2=Lalita|first2=K|publisher=Feminist Press at City University of New York|year=1993|isbn=978-1-55861-029-3|series=Women Writing in India: 600 B.C. to the Present|volume=2|pages=447–448}}</ref><ref name="PB" /><ref name="loc" /> She worked with the treatment of women in world epics; she wrote several short stories presenting [[Sita]] in a different way from how she appears in the [[Ramayana]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Geetha |first1=N. |editor1-last=Rollason |editor1-first=Christopher |editor2-last=Mittapalli |editor2-first=Rajeshwar |title=Modern Criticism |date=2002 |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist |location=New Delhi, India |isbn=9788126901876 |page=253 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g6FY34yQvZgC&q=%22Nabaneeta+Dev+Sen%22+%22fairy+tales%22&pg=PA253 |chapter=Feminist Deconstruction and Reconstruction of Male Myths and Fairy Tales via Intertextuality}}</ref>

Her first collection of poems ''Pratham Pratyay'' (First Confidence) was published in 1959.<ref name="Tharu1993" /><ref name="PB" /><ref name="loc" /> Her second poetry collection ''Swagato Debdoot'' was published 12 years later.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/True-feminism-does-not-mean-raising-slogans/articleshow/37758546.cms|title=True feminism does not mean raising slogans|date=15 April 2001|website=The Times of India|access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref>

Her first novel ''Ami Anupam'' (I, Anupam) was published in 1976 in the Puja Issue of the ''[[Anandabazar Patrika|Ananda Bazar Patrika]]''.<ref name="PB" /> It is about urban middle class intellectuals who lead the youth in revolution and later contradict them during the [[Naxalite]] movement.<ref name="Tharu1993" />

Dev Sen dealt with a wide variety of social, political, psychological problems like the role of the intellectuals in the [[Naxalite]] movement (''Ami Anupam'', 1976),<ref name="Tharu1993"/> the identity crisis of Indian writing in English (1977),<ref name="Tharu1993"/> that of second generation [[non-resident Indian]]s (1985), breakdown of the joint family, life in old age homes (1988),<ref name="Tharu1993"/> homosexuality (1995),<ref name="Panth"/> facing AIDS (1999, 2002),<ref name="Panth"/> [[child abuse]], obsession, and uprootedness.<ref name="Panth"/>

Her first short story collection was ''Monsieur Hulor Holiday'' (Monsieur Hulo's Holiday, 1980).<ref name="Tharu1993"/> Her essays, such as ''Nati Nabanita'' (Nabaneeta the Actress, 1983), are considered the best of her prose writing by critic Sanjukta Gupta.<ref name="Tharu1993" />

Her best-selling ''Karuna Tomar Kon Path Diye'' (The Path of Thy Grace, 1978) has an account of a solo woman on pilgrimage to [[Kumbh Mela]].<ref name="Tharu1993" /> Her travelogue ''Truck Bahoney Mac Mahoney'' depicts her ride on a ration truck across [[northeast India]] and [[Tibet]] in 1977.<ref name="Tharu1993" /> Her other notable works included ''Bama-bodhini'',<ref name="Alexander"/> ''Srestha kabita'', and ''Sita theke suru''.<ref name="loc" />

She was a well-known children's author in Bengali for her fairy tales and adventure stories, with girls as protagonist,<ref>{{cite news |title=I try to make my fairy tales positive: Nabanita Deb Sen |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/i-try-to-make-my-fairy-tales-positive-nabanita-deb-sen-118011100808_1.html |access-date=10 November 2019 |work=Business Standard |agency=IANS |date=11 January 2018}}</ref> having first written for children in 1979.<ref name="Sarma"/>

She was the chief editor of Bengali in the Macmillan's ''Modern Indian Novels in English Translation'' series.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JQ7GmfyH6K8C&q=%22Macmillan%22+%22Nabaneeta+Dev+Sen%22&pg=PA112|title=Contemporary Indian Writing in English: Critical Perceptions|last=Chandra|first=N. D. R.|date=2005|publisher=Sarup & Sons|isbn=9788176254816|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Kamala|first=N.|chapter=Gateway of India: Representing the Nation in English Translation|date=2000|chapter-url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1ckpcz7.16|title=Changing the Terms: Translating in the Postcolonial Era|pages=252|editor-last=Simon|editor-first=Sherry|series=Perspectives on Translation|publisher=University of Ottawa Press|access-date=10 November 2019|editor2-last=St-Pierre|editor2-first=Paul|doi=10.2307/j.ctt1ckpcz7.16|jstor=j.ctt1ckpcz7.16}}</ref>

==Recognition==
Dev Sen received many national and international awards and honours, including: Gouridevi Memorial Award, Mahadevi Verma Award (1992),<ref name="Alexander">{{cite book |editor1-last=Alexander |editor1-first=Meena |title=Name Me a Word: Indian Writers Reflect on Writing |date=2018 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=9780300222586 |pages=238–239 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Un1jDwAAQBAJ&q=%22Nabaneeta+Dev+Sen%22&pg=PA238 |access-date=9 November 2019}}</ref> Celli Award from [[Rockefeller Foundation]] (1993), Sarat Award from [[Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University|Bhagalpur University]] of Bihar (1994), Prasad Puraskar, [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] (1999).<ref name=loc/> She has also received Rabindra Puraskar, Kabir Samman, Samskriti Award,<ref name=":0" /> [[Kamal Kumari National Award]] (2004),<ref name="Kamal Kumari National Awards Presented">{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1014170351.html|title=Kamal Kumari National Awards Presented|date=2 April 2006|location=Guwahati|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102083112/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1014170351.html|archive-date=2 November 2012}}</ref> Mystic Kalinga Literary Award (2017),<ref name="Mystic Kalinga Literary Awards to Nabaneeta Sen">{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/books/features/arundhathi-subramaniam-nabaneeta-sen-soubhagya-mishra-honoured-with-first-mystic-kalinga-literary-awards/articleshow/62219009.cms|title=Arundhathi Subramaniam, Nabaneeta Sen, Soubhagya Mishra honoured with first Mystic Kalinga Literary Awards|date=23 December 2017|publisher=Times of India|location=Bhubaneswar|access-date=31 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180524003758/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/books/features/arundhathi-subramaniam-nabaneeta-sen-soubhagya-mishra-honoured-with-first-mystic-kalinga-literary-awards/articleshow/62219009.cms|archive-date=24 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and the Big Little Book Award for children's literature in 2017, when the award focused on Bengali writing.<ref name="Sarma">{{cite news |last1=Sarma |first1=Dibyajyoti |title=Our grandchildren refuse to read in their mother tongue |url=https://www.sakaltimes.com/art-culture/%E2%80%98our-grandchildren-refuse-read-their-mother-tongue%E2%80%99-9192 |access-date=9 November 2019 |work=Sakal Times |date=23 November 2017 |archive-date=8 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908113413/http://www.sakaltimes.com/art-culture/%E2%80%98our-grandchildren-refuse-read-their-mother-tongue%E2%80%99-9192 |url-status=dead }}</ref> She was awarded the [[Padmashri|Padma Shri]] (2000), the fourth highest civilian award by the Government of India.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sensonmedia.net/information/padmashri_awards_west_bengal.htm |title=Padma Shri Awards from West Bengal |publisher=Sensonmedia.net |access-date=18 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823213833/http://www.sensonmedia.net/information/padmashri_awards_west_bengal.htm |archive-date=23 August 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Personal life and death==
[[File:Nabaneeta Dev Sen and Antara Dev Sen - Kolkata 2013-02-03 4334.JPG|thumb|Nabaneeta Dev Sen with her daughter Antara (right) in 2013 in Kolkata]]
In 1958, she married [[Amartya Sen]], an economist and academician and then a lecturer of economics at the Jadavpur University, who would be awarded the [[Nobel Prize]] four decades later.<ref name="PB" /><ref name="blackbird.vcu.edu" /><ref name="News Nation"/>

She moved to Britain with Sen<ref name="Tharu1993" /> and they became the parents of two daughters, [[Antara Dev Sen]] and [[Nandana Sen]].<ref name="PB" /><ref name="News Nation"/>

After her divorce in 1976, she returned to Calcutta with her daughters. She had one adopted daughter [[Srabasti Basu]].<ref name="PB" /><ref name="Tharu1993" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/old-writers-learn-new-tricks/articleshow/59496997.cms|title=Old writers learn new tricks|last=Mukherjee|first=P Jhimli|date=8 July 2017|website=The Times of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170724191739/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/old-writers-learn-new-tricks/articleshow/59496997.cms|archive-date=24 July 2017|access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref>

Her hobbies included reading, records, and travelling.<ref name="PB" /> In addition to Bengali and English, she could read Hindi, Oriya, Assamese, French, German, Greek,<ref name="Bumiller"/> Sanskrit, and Hebrew.<ref name="IE9Nov2019">{{cite news |title=Nabaneeta Dev Sen's last journey: From JU to Bangla Academi |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/kolkata/nabaneeta-dev-sen-last-journey-from-ju-to-bangla-academi-6110977/ |access-date=9 November 2019 |work=The Indian Express |date=9 November 2019 |language=en-IN}}</ref>

She died on 7 November 2019 in Kolkata following cancer.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://scroll.in/latest/943004/poet-and-novelist-nabaneeta-dev-sen-dies-in-kolkata-at-81|title=Poet and novelist Nabaneeta Dev Sen dies in Kolkata at 81|work=Scroll.in|language=en-US|access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/padamshree-awardee-writer-nabaneeta-dev-sen-passes-away/articleshow/71959875.cms|title=Padma Shri awardee writer Nabaneeta Dev Sen passes away|last=Chakraborty|first=Ajanta|date=7 November 2019|work=The Times of India|access-date=8 November 2019}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bengali literature]]
* [[List of Bengali-language authors (alphabetical)]]
* [[Amartya Sen]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}

{{Clear}}
{{Sen family}}

{{Authority control}}

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Literature & Education}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dev Sen, Nabaneeta}}
[[Category:1938 births]]
[[Category:2019 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Amartya Sen]]
[[Category:Presidency University, Kolkata alumni]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Bengali writers]]
[[Category:Writers from Kolkata]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Bengali]]
[[Category:Jadavpur University alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni]]
[[Category:Women writers from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Poets from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Novelists from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Indiana University Bloomington alumni]]
[[Category:Indian children's writers]]
[[Category:Indian short story writers]]
[[Category:Indian travel writers]]
[[Category:Indian humorists]]
[[Category:Indian women humorists]]
[[Category:Indian essayists]]
[[Category:Indian women essayists]]
[[Category:Indian literary critics]]
[[Category:Indian women literary critics]]
[[Category:Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Indian women dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Indian translators]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women poets]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women novelists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women novelists]]

Sindhi Sipahi

2026-04-26T02:49:10Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{Short description|South Asian ethno-religious group}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
The '''Sindh-Sipahi''' ([[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]: سنڌي سپاهی ) are a community of [[Muslim Rajputs]], found in the province of [[Sindh]] in Pakistan and the state of [[Rajasthan]] in India.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=K. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vm_KCE4XXPMC&dq=sindhi+rajput&pg=PA880 |title=Rajasthan |date=1998 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7154-769-2 |pages=880 |language=en}}</ref>

==History and origin==
The Sindh-Sipahi community converted to Islam at the time of the conquest of [[Sindh]] by the [[Arabs]], around the 8th century. They form a large part of the [[Muslim Rajput]] population of [[Marwar]] and [[Mewar]] in Rajasthan. According to their traditions, they were [[Chauhan dynasty|Chauhan]] and [[Bhati]] [[Rajput]]s.<ref name="ReferenceA">pages 13 & 14, 32 in Memories and movements : borders and communities in Banni, Kutch, Gujarat by Rita Kothari New Delhi : Orient Blackswan, 2013 {{ISBN|8125050493}}</ref> According to Tod: Mahrana Ari Singh brought some Sipahi warriors from Sindh during his tenure, the Maharana was pleased by their services and awarded them.<ref name=":0" />

They are sub-divided into various tribes. They have a common origin with the [[Sindhi Rajput]] tribes of Pakistan.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

== Clans ==
The clans of Sindhi Sipahis are Samma,Nohri, Kallar, Bhaiya, Arissar, Mangaliya and Mehar.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Neuman |first=Daniel M. |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=b30HAQAAMAAJ&q=noor+Muhammad+is+a+sama+sindhi+sipahi&dq=noor+Muhammad+is+a+sama+sindhi+sipahi&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwinm_DplomUAxVb87sIHZF4Ly0Q6AF6BAgIEAM |title=Bards, Ballads and Boundaries: An Ethnographic Atlas of Music Traditions in West Rajasthan |last2=Chaudhuri |first2=Shubha |last3=Kothari |first3=Komal |date=2005 |publisher=Seagull |isbn=978-1-905422-07-4 |pages=228 |language=en}}</ref>.

the most common Sindhi Sipahi caste in Rajasthan is Samma.<ref name=":1" />

==See also==
* [[Sindhi people]]
* [[Silawat]]
* [[Thareli]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}{{Sindhi tribes}}{{Indian Muslim}}
{{Social groups of Rajasthan}}

[[Category:Sindhi tribes]]
[[Category:Rajput clans of Sindh]]
[[Category:Muslim communities of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Sindhi tribes in India]]
{{Pakistan-ethno-stub}}

K. P. Gopalan

2026-04-25T13:53:32Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{Short description|Indian freedom fighter and politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = K. P. Gopalan
| image =
| birth_name =
| image_size =
| caption =
| office = Minister of Industries and Community Development, [[Government of Kerala]]
| term_start = April 5, 1957
| term_end = September 31, 1959
| predecessor =
| successor = [[K. A. Damodara Menon]]
| office1 = Member of the [[Madras Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency1 = [[Payyannur]]
| term_start1 = 1952
| term_end1 = 1956
| office2 = Member of the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency2 = Kannur-2
| term_start2 = 1957
| term_end2 = 1959
| successor2 =
| birth_date = {{birth date text|1908}}
| birth_place = Puthiyaparamba, [[Malabar District]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1977|04|20|1908}}
| death_place =
| party = [[Communist Party of India]]
| father =
| mother =
| spouse =
| children =
| website =
}}
'''K. P. Gopalan''' (1908-1977) was a [[Communist Party of India]] politician, minister, freedom fighter and a trade unionist from [[Kerala]], India. He was first elected to the [[Madras Legislative Assembly]] in 1952. During his term as a member of the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]], he was appointed the first Minister for Industries and Community Development of the state.

==Biography==
K. P. Gopalan was born in 1908, in Puthiyaparamba in present-day [[Kannur district]] of [[Kerala]].<ref name="stateofkerala">{{cite web |last1=Suresh |first1=Sreelakshmi |title=Kerala State - Everything about Kerala |url=http://www.stateofkerala.in/niyamasabha/k_p_gopalan.php |website=www.stateofkerala.in |language=en |access-date=20 May 2022 |archive-date=11 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211064203/https://stateofkerala.in/niyamasabha/k_p_gopalan.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> His parents were Mankil Kannan and Kotiyath Kalyani.<ref name="Bhaskaran">{{cite book |last1=C. |first1=Bhaskaran |title=Keralathile Communist Prasthanam, Adya pathikar |date=2010 |publisher=Chintha Publishers |isbn=81-262-0482-6 |pages=206–211}}</ref> He was educated at Chirakkal Rajas High School and Kannur Municipal High School.

He died on April 20, 1977.<ref name="stateofkerala"/>

==Career and activism==
Gopalan, who was attracted to the [[Indian freedom struggle]] after his schooling, was a volunteer in the [[Salt Satyagraha]] march of 1930. He was arrested for the first time for participating in the Salt March held under the leadership of [[K. Kelappan]].<ref name="Bhaskaran"/> He started his political career as a member of [[Indian National Congress]]. While in Ballari prison, he came in contact with national leaders. From them he learned socialist ideas. He became an active member of the Abhinava Bharat Yuvasangham, formed in Kannur and existing in [[Kasaragod]] and [[Chirakkal, Kannur|Chirakkal]] taluks.<ref name="Bhaskaran"/> He who was a member of the Socialist Group of the Indian National Congress, reached the Communist ideology through the [[Congress Socialist Party]]. Gopalan joined the [[Communist Party of India]] in the Parappuram Conference where left-wingers of the Congress Socialist Party joined the Communist Party, in 1939.<ref name="stateofkerala"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Party History |url=http://cpimkerala.org/eng/history-2.php |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131001154103/http://cpimkerala.org/eng/history-2.php |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-10-01 |website=archive.ph |date=1 October 2013}}</ref> Gopalan presided over the Parappuram Conference.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Daily |first1=Keralakaumudi |title=പാറപ്രത്തെ കനൽക്കാഴ്ചകൾ |url=https://keralakaumudi.com/news/news.php?id=775944&u=local-news-kannur-775944 |work=Keralakaumudi Daily |language=en}}</ref> During his political career, he spent more than 16 years in prison.<ref name="ministers">{{cite web |title=Ministers of Kerala |url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/Ministers%20Book%20Final.pdf |publisher=[[Kerala Niyamasabha]]}}</ref>

Gopalan had been active in the trade union movement since 1935. He along with Pamban Madhavan tried to organize the weavers in Kannur but failed. After that he actively participated in the Farook workers' strike along with [[P. Krishnapillai]].<ref name=flp1>{{cite news|title=ഫറോക്കിലെ പണിമുടക്കം|publisher=Mathrubhumi daily|date=March 4, 1935 |language=ml}}</ref> As a [[trade union]]ist He also held several positions including president of Kerala Trade Union Congress and vice president of All India Motor Workers' Union.<ref name="niyamasabha">{{cite web |title=Members - Kerala Legislature |url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/members/m188.htm |website=www.niyamasabha.org}}</ref>

After independence he was elected member of the [[Madras Legislative Assembly]] from [[Payyannur]] constituency, in 1952 general elections and served as the Deputy Leader of Opposition in that Assembly.<ref name="stateofkerala"/> In the 1957 general election, the first election after the formation of Kerala state, he contested and won from Kannur-2 constituency. He became the Minister of Industries in the [[First Namboodiripad ministry]]. When the Communist government was dissolved, he concentrated in political activism in Kannur, where he took over the leadership of the party-led evening newspaper ''Janamunnani''. When the Communist Party of India split in 1964, he remained steadfast in the CPI, but later joined the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI (M)]].

==Books on him==
In 2021 [[Kerala Bhasha Institute]] published biography of Gopalan named ''K. P. Gopalam Jeevithavum Rashtreyavum'' which literally means 'K. P. Gopalan - Life and Politics'. In the introduction to the book, author dr. Chinthavila Murali describes that the book is about a visionary revolutionary who fought for the poor till the end of his life and lived as a poor man.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Muraḷi |first1=Chinthavila |title=K.P. Gopalan Jeevithavum Rashtreeyavum |date=March 2021 |publisher=[[Kerala Bhasha Institute]] |location=Tiruvanantapuraṃ |isbn=9789390520190}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gopalan, K. P.}}
[[Category:1908 births]]
[[Category:1977 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Kerala]]
[[Category:Communist Party of India politicians from Kerala]]
[[Category:Communist Party of India (Marxist) politicians from Kerala]]
[[Category:Malayali politicians]]
[[Category:Kerala MLAs 1957–1959]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Kerala]]
[[Category:Madras MLAs 1952–1957]]
[[Category:Industries ministers of Kerala]]

Muhammad Shah II

2026-04-24T20:20:51Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{Short description|Sultan of Gujarat from 1442 to 1451}}
{{About|the Muzaffarid ruler|the Seljuk ruler|Muhammad-Shah II|the Khwarazm ruler|Muhammad II of Khwarazm}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox royalty
|name = Muhammad Shah II
|succession = 4th [[Gujarat Sultanate|Sultan of Gujarat]]
|image =
|caption =
|reign1 = 1442 – 12 February 1451
|reign2 =
|coronation =
| regnal name = Muizz-ud-Din Muhammad Shah II
| posthumous name = Khûdáigán-i-Karím
|predecessor1 = [[Ahmad Shah I]]
|successor1 = [[Ahmad Shah II]]
|spouse = {{Marriage|Bibi Mughli|1442|12 February 1451}}
|issue = [[Ahmad Shah II]] [[Mahmud Begada]] A daughter, married Khudawand Khan<ref>{{cite book|last=Commissariat |first=M. S.|title=A History of Gujarat, including a survey of its chief architectural monuments and inscriptions |year=1938 |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co.|location=Bombay |page=216|url=https://archive.org/details/history-of-gujarat-1-sultanate-period-m.-s.-commissariat/page/216/mode/2up}}</ref>
|royal house =
|dynasty =[[Muzaffarids (Gujarat)|Muzaffarid]]
|father = Ahmad Shah I
|mother =
| birth_name = Karim Khan
|birth_date =
|birth_place =
|death_date = 12 February 1451<ref name="i866">{{cite web | title=A History Of Gujarat Vol I | first=Khan | last=Bahadur | website=Internet Archive | date=1938 | url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.81300/ | access-date=17 January 2026}}</ref>
|death_place = [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat Sultanate]]
|burial_date =
|burial_place = [[Ahmad Shah's Tomb]], Ahmedabad
|religion = [[Islam]]
}}
{{Gujarat Sultanate}}

'''Muizz-ud-Din Muhammad Shah II''' (born '''Karim Khan'''; died 12 February 1451) was a ruler of the [[Muzaffarids (Gujarat)|Muzaffarid dynasty]], who reigned over the [[Gujarat Sultanate]] from 1442 to 1451. He expanded and strengthened the Sultanate.

==Reign==
[[File:Ahmed Shah, Mausoleum.jpg|thumb|His tomb beside his father [[Ahmad Shah's Tomb]], [[Ahmedabad]]]]
[[Ahmad Shah I]] was succeeded by his generous pleasure-loving son Muhammad Sháh, Ghiás-ud-dunya Wad-dín, also styled Zarbaksh the Gold Giver.<ref name="GBP">{{cite book|editor=[[James Macnabb Campbell]]|title=History of Gujarát|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/54652/54652-h/54652-h.htm|series=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency|volume=I. Part II.|year=1896|publisher=The Government Central Press|pages=241–242|chapter=II. ÁHMEDÁBÁD KINGS. (A. D. 1403–1573.)}}{{PD-notice}}</ref>

In 1445, Muhammad marched against Bír Rái of [[Idar State]], but on that chief agreeing to pay tribute he confirmed him in the possession of his state. His next expedition was against Kánha Rái of [[Dungarpur]], who took refuge in the hills, but afterwards returned, and paying tribute, was given charge of his country. Muhammad married Bíbi Mughli, daughter of Jam Tughlaq, also known as Jam Juna II of [[Samma dynasty]] ruling from [[Thatta|Samanagar]] in [[Sindh]]. She bore a son, Fateh Khán, who was afterwards became well known as Sultán [[Mahmud Begada]]. In 1450, Muhammad marched upon [[Champaner]], and took the lower fortress. Gangádás of Chámpáner had a strong ally in Sultán [[Mahmud Khilji|Mahmúd Khilji]], the ruler of [[Malwa Sultanate]], and on his approach Muhammad Sháh retired to [[Godhra]], and Mahmúd Khilji continued his march upon Gujarát at the head of 80,000 horse. Muhammad Sháh was preparing to fly to [[Diu, India|Diu]], when the nobles, disgusted at his cowardice, caused him to be poisoned. Other sources say, on the return journey, he fell seriously ill and died in February, 1451. Muhammad Sháh’s after-death title is ''Khûdáigán-i-Karím'', the Gracious Lord.<ref name="GBP"/><ref name=m3>Majumdar, R.C. (2006). ''The Delhi Sultanate'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 160-1</ref> He was buried left to his father [[Ahmad Shah's Tomb]] in [[Manek Chowk (Ahmedabad)|Manek Chowk]], [[Ahmedabad]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Muhammad Shah II}}
[[Category:Gujarat sultans]]
[[Category:1451 deaths]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian monarchs]]

Mahudha Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T19:21:54Z

Narayanacancercentre: Made initial article and citations

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Gujarat State, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Mahudha
| mla = [[Sanjaysinh Mahida|Sanjaysinh Vijaysinh Mahida]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| latest_election_year = [[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
| state = Gujarat
| district = [[Kheda district|Kheda]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Kheda Lok Sabha constituency|Kheda]]
| established = 2007
| reservation = None
| electors = {{formatnum:252337}}<ref name=election2022>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14750-gujarat-general-legislative-election-2022/ |title=Gujarat General Legislative Election 2022 |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date= 18 April 2023}}</ref>{{update after|2028|2}}
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 118
}}

'''Mahudha''' is one of the 182 [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Gujarat]] state in [[India]].<ref name=gjceo>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125011107/http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/PCAC.pdf |url=http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/PCAC.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2014 |title=Parliament / Assembly constituency wise PS & Electors Detail - Draft Roll - 2014 |access-date= 1 June 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |title=Gujarat: Order No. 33: Table-A: Assembly constituency and Their Extent |date=12 December 2006 |website=Election Commission of India |publisher=Delimitation Commission of India |pages=2–31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015941/http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=12 February 2017 }}</ref> It is part of [[Kheda district|Kheda]] district.

==List of segments==
This assembly seat represents the following segments,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |title=Gujarat: Order No. 33: Table-A: Assembly constituency and Their Extent |date=12 December 2006 |website=Election Commission of India |publisher=Delimitation Commission of India |pages=2–31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015941/http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2016 |url-status=dead |access-date=12 February 2017 }}</ref>

# Mahudha Taluka – Entire taluka except village – Khandivav
# Nadiad Taluka (Part) Villages – Yoginagar, Andhaj, Arera, Dawapura, Vina, Hathaj, Navagam (Petli), Javol, Arajanpur Kot, Nana Vaga, Paldi, Sodpur, Monghroli, Maholel, Palaiya, Valla, Erandiyapura, Aljada, Silod, Hathnoli, Kamla, Manjipura, Bilodra, Marida, Salun Vanto, Salun Talpad, Alindra, Chalali, Surasamal, Kanjoda, Fatepur, Chaklasi (M)

==Members of Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Member
!Picture
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
|[[2007 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2007]]|| rowspan="2" | Natvarsinh Thakor ||rowspan=2|
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[2012 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2012]]
|-
|[[2017 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2017]]
| [[Indrajitsinh Natvarsinh Parmar]]<ref name=election2017/> ||
|-
|[[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
| [[Sanjaysinh Mahida|Sanjaysinh Vijaysinh Mahida]]||
|{{Full party name with color| Bharatiya Janata Party }}
|}

==Election results==
=== 2022 ===
<section begin="Assembly Election 2022"/>
{{Election box begin|
|title=[[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|Gujarat Assembly election, 2022]]:Mahudha Assembly constituency }}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Sanjaysinh Mahida]]|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=91900|percentage=52.39|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Indrajitsinh Natvarsinh Parmar|party=Indian National Congress|votes=66211|percentage=37.75|change=}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Ravjibhai Somabhai Vaghela<ref>{{cite news |title=Gujarat Assembly elections 2022: AAP releases list of 12 candidates. Read here |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/gujarat-assembly-elections-2022-aap-releases-list-of-12-candidates-read-here-11665913787737.html |access-date=16 October 2022 |work=mint |date=16 October 2022 |language=en}}</ref>|party=Aam Aadmi Party|votes=12105|percentage=6.9|change=}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[None of the above]]|party=None of the above|votes=2533|percentage=1.44|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=|percentage=14.64|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box registered electors
|reg. electors = {{formatnum:247443}}
|ref=<ref name="Gujarat Elections ECI">{{cite web |title=Gujarat Legislative Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/72-gujarat/ |website=Election Commission of India |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}<section end="Assembly Election 2022"/>

=== 2017 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2017 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|Gujarat Legislative Assembly Election, 2017]]: Mahudha<ref name=election2017>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3841-gujarat-general-legislative-election-2017/ |title=Gujarat General Legislative Election 2017 |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date= 11 July 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|candidate = Indrajitsinh Natvarsinh Parmar
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes =78006
|percentage =49.96
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Bharatsinh Raysingbhai Parmar|votes=64405|percentage=41.25|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[None of the Above]]|party=None of the above|votes=3838|percentage=2.46|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box end}}

===2012===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2012 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|Gujarat Assembly Election, 2012]]}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/Detail_Report_AC2012.pdf |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2012 to the Legislative Assembly of Gujarat |access-date=28 October 2014 |archive-date=26 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131126215052/http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/Detail_Report_AC2012.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Natvarsinh Thakor
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 58373
|percentage = 42.24
|change =
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Kumarsinh Sodha
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = 45143
|percentage = 32.46
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 13230
|percentage = 9.51
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 139068
|percentage = 70.15
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of Gujarat Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |title=Results of Gujarat Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/72-gujarat/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=15 March 2022}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Gujarat|state=expanded}}
{{Gujarat elections|state=collapsed}}

{{coord|22.82|72.94|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Gujarat]]
[[Category:Kheda district]]
[[Category:Politics of Gujarat]]
[[Category:2007 establishments in Gujarat]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2007]]

Tundi Assembly constituency

2026-04-18T23:45:30Z

Narayanacancercentre: created a stub...

{{Short description|Constituency of the Jharkhand legislative assembly in India}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| type = SLA
| reservation = None
| name =Tundi
| map_image =Tundi constituency map.svg
| state =[[Jharkhand]]
| loksabha_cons =[[Giridih Lok Sabha constituency|Giridih]]
| established = 1977
| district =[[Dhanbad district|Dhanbad]]
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| mla =[[Mathura Prasad Mahato]]
| party = {{Party index link|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)}}
| electors = {{formatnum:280475}}
| constituency_no =42}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
''' Tundi Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Jharkhand]].<ref name=jhceo>{{cite web |url=http://164.100.150.3/ceoweb_bk/ACPCList.htm |title=AC & PC List- Jharkhand |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218152343/http://164.100.150.3/ceoweb_bk/ACPCList.htm |archive-date=18 December 2019}}</ref><ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |title=Schedule – XIII of Constituencies Order, 2008 of Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005180821/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf |archive-date=5 October 2010 |access-date=13 October 2021 }}</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
! colspan=4|[[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]
|-
| colspan="4" |{{center|''Before 1957: see Tundi cum Nirsa constituency''}}
|-
| [[1957 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
| Ram Chandra Prasad Sharma
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1962 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
| rowspan=2|Gokuleshwar Mishra
| {{Full party name with color|Swatantra Party}}
|-
| [[1967 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
| {{Full party name with color|Jan Kranti Dal}}
|-
| [[1969 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1969]]
| Satya Narain Dudani
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Jana Sangh}}
|-
| [[1972 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
| Satya Narain Singh
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1977 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
| Satya Narain Dudani
| {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
| [[1980 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
| [[Binod Bihari Mahato]]
| {{Full party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}
|-
| [[1985 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
| Satya Narain Dudani
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[1990 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
| [[Binod Bihari Mahato]]
| {{Full party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1995 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|1995]]
| rowspan=2|Saba Ahmad
|-
| [[2000 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|2000]]
| {{Full party name with color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}
|-
! colspan=4|[[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]]
|-
| [[2005 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election|2005]]
| rowspan=2|[[Mathura Prasad Mahato]]<ref name=election2005>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3785-jharkhand-2005/ |title=Jharkhand General Legislative Election 2005 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=13 October 2021}}</ref><ref name=election2009>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3786-jharkhand-2009/ |title=Jharkhand General Legislative Election 2009 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=13 October 2021}}</ref>
| {{Full party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2009 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election|2009]]
|-
| [[2014 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election|2014]]
| [[Raj Kishore Mahato]]<ref name=election2014>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3787-jharkhand-2014/ |title=Jharkhand General Legislative Election 2014 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=13 October 2021}}</ref>
| {{Full party name with color|All Jharkhand Students Union}}
|-
| [[2019 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election|2019]]
|rowspan =2|[[Mathura Prasad Mahato]]<ref name=election2019>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11813-jharkhand-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |title=Jharkhand General Legislative Election 2019 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=13 October 2021}}</ref>
| {{Full party name with color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2024 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
|-
|}
== Election results ==
===Assembly election 2024===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2024 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election]]: Tundi<ref>{{cite news |last1=Election Commission of India |title=Jharkhand Assembly Election Results 2024 - Seats won by JMM |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/partywisewinresult-852S27.htm |access-date=24 November 2024 |date=24 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241124045445/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/partywisewinresult-852S27.htm |archive-date=24 November 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Mathura Prasad Mahato]] |party=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |votes=95,527 |percentage=41.29% |change={{increase}}3.80 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Vikash Kumar Mahato |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=69,924 |percentage=30.22% |change={{increase}}5.99 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Motilal Mahto |party=Jharkhand Loktantrik Krantikari Morcha |votes=44,464 |percentage=19.22% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Dipnarayan Singh |party=Independent politician |votes=3,175 |percentage=1.37% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gauri Shankar Mahto |party=Independent politician |votes=3,073 |percentage=1.33% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Priyatosh Kumar Pathak |party=Independent politician |votes=2,546 |percentage=1.10% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ajmul Ansari |party=Samajwadi Party |votes=2,205 |percentage=0.95% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=682 |percentage=0.29% |change={{decrease}}1.02 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=25,603 |percentage=11.07% |change= {{decrease}}2.19 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=2,31,383 |percentage=72.43% |change= {{increase}}3.43 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 3,19,441 |ref = |change= {{increase}}13.89 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |loser=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |swing= {{increase}}3.80 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly election 2019===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2019 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election]]: Tundi<ref>{{cite web |url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/11813-jharkhand-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |title=Jharkhand Legislative Assembly Election, 2019 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=9 February 2022 |date=6 February 2020}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Mathura Prasad Mahato]] |party=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |votes=72,552 |percentage=37.49% |change={{increase}}6.71 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Surendra Sharma|party=Communist Party Of India|votes=1,160|percentage=0.6%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Vikram Pandey|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=46,893|percentage=24.23%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Saba Ahmad|party=Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)|votes=25,547|percentage=13.20%|change={{decrease}}12.42}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Raj Kishore Mahato]]|party=All Jharkhand Students Union|votes=15,946|percentage=8.24%|change={{decrease}}23.17}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Dip Narayan Singh|party=Aam Aadmi Party|votes=7,702|percentage=3.98%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Gyan Ranjan Sinha|party=Independent politician|votes=7,472|percentage=3.86%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Kishor Kumar Tiwary|party=Janata Dal (United)|votes=5,067|percentage=2.62%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=None of the Above|party=None of the above|votes=2,550|percentage=1.32%|change={{decrease}}0.47}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=25,659 |percentage=13.26% |change= {{increase}}12.62 }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=1,93,536|percentage=69.00%|change={{decrease}}0.56}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 2,80,475 |ref = |change= {{increase}}10.50 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |loser=All Jharkhand Students Union |swing= {{increase}}6.07 }}
{{Election box end}}

===Assembly election 2014===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2014 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election]]: Tundi<ref>{{cite web |url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3787-jharkhand-2014/ |title=Jharkhand General Legislative Election 2014 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=13 October 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Raj Kishore Mahato]] |party=All Jharkhand Students Union |votes=55,466 |percentage=31.41% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Mathura Prasad Mahato]]|party=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|votes=54,340|percentage=30.78%|change={{increase}}0.74}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Saba Ahmad|party=Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)|votes=45,229|percentage=25.62%|change={{decrease}}3.75}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Bhaskar Prasad Ojha|party=Indian National Congress|votes=8,781|percentage=4.97%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Mustafa Khan|party=Independent politician|votes=2,492|percentage=1.41%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Lakshmi Rajak|party=Independent politician|votes=2,111|percentage=1.20%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Dhano Soren|party=Independent politician|votes=1,869|percentage=1.06%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=None of the Above|party=None of the above|votes=3,159|percentage=1.79%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,126 |percentage=0.64% |change= {{decrease}}0.04 }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=1,76,568|percentage=69.56%|change={{increase}}11.67}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 2,53,824 |ref = |change= {{increase}}8.22 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=All Jharkhand Students Union |loser=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |swing= {{increase}}1.37 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly election 2009===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2009 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election]]: Tundi<ref>{{cite web |url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3786-jharkhand-2009/ |title=Jharkhand 2009 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |date=20 August 2018 |access-date= 23 May 2022}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Mathura Prasad Mahato]] |party=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |votes=40,787 |percentage=30.04% |change={{decrease}}7.80 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Saba Ahmad|party=Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)|votes=39,869|percentage=29.36%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Pradeep Kumar Agarwal|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=23,199|percentage=17.09%|change={{increase}}1.47}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Bhaskar Prasad Ojha|party=All India Trinamool Congress|votes=10,049|percentage=7.40%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Haldhar Mahato|party=Independent politician|votes=2,086|percentage=1.54%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Pratima Devi|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes=1,658|percentage=1.22%|change={{decrease}}2.32}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Md. Naseem Akhtar|party=Independent politician|votes=1,622|percentage=1.19%|change=''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=918 |percentage=0.68% |change= {{decrease}}18.16 }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=1,35,777|percentage=57.89%|change={{decrease}}3.13}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 2,34,548 |ref = |change= {{increase}}3.93 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |loser=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |swing= {{decrease}}7.80 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly election 2005===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2005 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election]]: Tundi<ref>{{cite web |url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3785-jharkhand-2005/ |title=Jharkhand General Legislative Election 2005 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=13 October 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Mathura Prasad Mahato |party=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |votes=52,112 |percentage=37.84% |change={{increase}}13.65 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Saba Ahmad |party=Rashtriya Janata Dal |votes=26,175 |percentage=19.01% |change={{decrease}}5.34 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Subhash Chatterjee |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=21,501 |percentage=15.61% |change={{increase}}12.82 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Uday Kumar Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=14,851 |percentage=10.78% |change={{decrease}}12.48 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Santosh Kumar Mahto |party=All Jharkhand Students Union |votes=6,636 |percentage=4.82% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rameshwer Prasad Mahto |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=4,876 |percentage=3.54% |change={{increase}}2.35 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Surender Singh |party=Jharkhand Vananchal Congress |votes=3,166 |percentage=2.30% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=25,937 |percentage=18.83% |change= {{increase}}18.68 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=1,37,719 |percentage=61.02% |change= {{increase}}2.66 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 2,25,687 |ref = |change= {{increase}}27.84 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |loser=Rashtriya Janata Dal |swing= {{increase}}13.50 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly election 2000===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2000 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]: Tundi<ref>{{cite web|url = https://ceobihar.nic.in/BiharElection/Statistical%20Report/2000.pdf |title = Statistical Report on General Election, 2000 to the Legislative Assembly of Bihar |access-date = 16 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005142035/https://ceobihar.nic.in/BiharElection/Statistical%20Report/2000.pdf |archive-date= 5 October 2023 |website=ceobihar.nic.in |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Bihar}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Saba Ahmad |party=Rashtriya Janata Dal |votes=25,079 |percentage=24.34% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mathura Prasad Mahato |party=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha |votes=24,925 |percentage=24.19% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Uday Kumar Singh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=23,968 |percentage=23.26% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Raj Kishore Mahato]] |party=Samata Party |votes=21,853 |percentage=21.21% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Vijay Kumar Jha |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=2,878 |percentage=2.79% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Kajal Kumar Dutta |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=1,228 |percentage=1.19% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Kudus |party=Samajwadi Party |votes=1,063 |percentage=1.03% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=154 |percentage=0.15% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=1,03,025 |percentage=59.53% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,76,542 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Rashtriya Janata Dal |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
*[[Vidhan Sabha]]
*[[List of states of India by type of legislature]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Jharkhand}}

{{coord|23.99|86.45|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Giridih district]]
[[Category:Politics of Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1977]]

List of Odia films of 2007

2026-04-16T06:30:19Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{Short description|None}}
{{Ollywood films}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}
This is a list of films produced by the [[Ollywood]] film industry based in [[Bhubaneshwar]] and [[Cuttack]] in 2007:

==A-Z==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Title !! Director !! Cast !! Genre !! Notes
|-
| {{Year header}} | '''[[2007 in film|2007]]'''
|-
|''[[Chaka Chaka Bhaurin]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Chaka Chaka Bhaunri|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440147/|access-date=2019-02-08}} {{unreliable?|date=September 2022}}</ref>|| [[Subhendu Swain]] ||[[Siddhanta Mahapatra]], [[Mihir Das]], [[Kajol Mishra]] || ||
|-
|''[[Dhauli Express (film)|Dhauli Express]]'' <ref>{{Citation|title=Dhauli Express|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440158/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>||[[Chitta Ranjan Tripathi]] ||[[Siddhanta Mahapatra]], [[Samaresh Routray|Samaresh]], [[Anu Choudhary]], [[Kajal]]{{dn|date=October 2025}} ||||
|-
|''[[E Mana Manena]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=E Mana Manena|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440160/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>|| [[N. Padhi]] ||[[Arindam]], [[Mihir Das]], [[Kajal]]{{dn|date=October 2025}}, [[Barsha Priyadarshini|Barsha]], [[Dushmant]] || ||
|-
|''[[Jai Jagannatha]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Jai Jagannath|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1401126/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>|| [[Sabyasachi Mahapatra]] ||[[Sadhu Meher]], [[Jyoti Misra]], [[Sritam Das]], [[Sarat Pujari]] || ||
|-
|''[[Kathantara]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Kathantara|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1400520/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>|| [[Himanshu Khatua]] ||[[Anu Choudhary]], [[Bhaswati Basu]], [[Rasesh Mohanty]], [[Mamuni Mishra]] || ||Best Oriya Film-44th National Film Festival, India 8 state film awards
|-
|''[[Kalishankar]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Kalishankar|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1409107/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>||[[Prashanta Nanda]], [[Basanta Sahu]] ||[[Siddhanta Mahapatra]], [[Anubhav Mohanty]], [[Arindam|Arindam roy]], [[Anu Chowdhury]], [[Ashish Vidyarthi]] || ||
|-
|''[[Lakhmi Pratima]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Lakhmi Pratima|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440225/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>||[[Mohammad Mohsin]] ||[[Siddhanta Mahapatra]], [[Rachana Banerjee]], [[Sritam Das]] || ||
|-
|''Lal Tuku Tuku Sadhaba Bahu''<ref>{{Citation|title=Lal Tuku Tuku Sadhaba Bahu|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440226/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>|| [[Sangram Biswal]] ||[[Arindam Roy]], [[Anu Chowdhury]]|| ||
|-
|''[[Mahanayak (2007 film)|Mahanayak]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Mahanayak|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440245/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>||[[Debu Patnaik]] ||[[Anubhav Mohanty]], [[Koel Mallick]], [[Rahul Dev]] || ||Remake of [[Telugu language|Telugu]] movie ''[[Ranam (2006 film)|Ranam]]''
|-
|''Mo Suna Pua''<ref>{{Citation|title=Mo Suna Pua|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1454136/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>||[[Jyotiprakash Das]] || [[Mahashweta Roy]], [[Samaresh Routray]][[Jyoti Mishra]]|| ||
|-
|''[[Monika O My Darling]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Monika O My Darling|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1411741/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>|| [[Nilamani Sahu]] ||[[Rabi Misra]], [[Mamuni Misra]], [[Hari (actor)|Hari]] || ||
|-
|''[[Mu Tate Love Karuchi]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Mu Tate Love Karuchi|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440254/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>|| [[Ashok Pati]] ||[[Siddhanta Mahapatra]], [[Mihir Das]], [[Arindam]], [[Bijay Mohanty]], [[Uttam Mohanty]], [[Namrata Thapa]], [[Mamuni Misra]] || ||
|-
|''[[Nari Nuhen Tu Narayani]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Nari Nuhen Tu Narayani|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1461256/|access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref>||[[Himanshu Parija]] || [[Siddhanta Mahapatra]], [[Diptirekha Panda]], [[Rachana Banerjee]]|| ||
|-
|''[[Pagala Premi]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Pagal Premi|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1404069/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>|| [[Hara Patnaik]] ||[[Sabyasachi Mishra]], [[Arpita Mukherjee|Arpita]], [[Saroj Das]], [[Debjani]] || ||Remake of [[Telugu language|Telugu]] movie [[Arya (2004 film)|Arya]]
|-
|''[[Pheria Mo Suna Bhauni]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Pheria Mo Suna Bhauni|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1462599/|access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref>||[[Ranjita Mohanty]] ||[[Mihir Das]], [[Jina (actress)|Jina]] || ||
|-
|''[[Puja Pain Phulatie]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Puja Pain Phulatie|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1427283/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>||[[Gadadhar Puttty]] ||[[Sarat Pujari]], [[Adyasha Mohapatra]], [[Naina Das]] ||||State Film Award(Best child artist)-Adyasha Mohapatra Best [[Oriya language|Oriya]] film in 54th National film award
|-
|''[[Samaya Hathare Dori]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Samaya Hathare Dori|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440282/|access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref>|| [[Amulya Das]] ||[[Siddhanta Mahapatra]], [[Anu choudhary]], [[Mihir Das]], [[Meghna Misra]] || ||
|-
|''[[Rasika Nagar]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Rasika Nagar|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440273/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>||[[Dilipa Panda]] ||[[Siddhanta Mahapatra]], [[Namrata Thapa]] || ||Remake of 2004 Tamil movie ''[[Perazhagan]]''
|-
|''[[To Bina Mo Kahani Adha]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=To Bina Mo Kahani Addha|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440350/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>|| [[Sanjay Nayak]] ||[[Anubhav Mohanty]], [[Archita Sahu|Archita]], [[Ajit Das]], [[Anita Das]], [[Rai Mohan]], [[Debajani]], [[Jairam Samal|Jai]] || ||
|-
|''[[To Pain Nebi Mu Sahe Janama]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=To Pain Nebi Mu Sahe Janama|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1467118/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>||[[Sanjay Nayak]] & [[Malay Misra]]|| [[Archita Sahu]] || || The Best Actress Award to Archita in 2007
|-
|''[[Tumaku Paruni Ta Bhuli]]''<ref>{{Citation|title=Tumaku Paruni Ta Bhuli|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1440363/|access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>|| [[Chakradhar Sahu]] ||[[Manoj Misra]], Sunil Kumar, [[Anu Chowdhury]], [[Amelie Panda]]|| ||
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Indian film list}}
{{2007 films}}

[[Category:Lists of Odia films by year|2007]]
[[Category:Lists of 2007 films by language|Ollywood]]
[[Category:2000s in Orissa]]
[[Category:2007 in Indian cinema]]

Udhaya (film)

2026-04-14T17:58:09Z

Narayanacancercentre: created new stub...

{{Short description|2004 Tamil-language action film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Udhaya poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Azhagam Perumal]]
| writer = Azhagam Perumal (story & screenplay) [[Sujatha (writer)|Sujatha]] (dialogues)
| producer = [[Pyramid Natarajan]]
| starring = [[Vijay (actor)|Vijay]] [[Simran (actress)|Simran]]
| cinematography = [[Priyan]]
| editing = [[Raja Mohammad]]
| music = '''Songs''': [[A. R. Rahman]] '''Background Score''': [[Pravin Mani]]
| studio = [[Pyramid Saimira|Pyramid Entertainment]]
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2004|03|26}}
| runtime = 122 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Udhaya''''' is a 2004 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[action film]] directed by [[Azhagam Perumal]]. The film stars [[Vijay (actor)|Vijay]] in the titular character alongside [[Simran (actress)|Simran]], while [[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]], [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]] and [[Rajesh (Tamil actor)|Rajesh]] play supporting roles. The soundtrack for the film was composed by [[A. R. Rahman]] and the background score was by his associate [[Pravin Mani]] as Rahman was unavailable due to scheduling issues. The editing was by [[Raja Mohammad]], and the cinematography by [[Priyan]].

== Plot ==
Udhayakumaran (Udhaya) is a college student who does research on subatomic physics. He is offered a research position at [[Princeton University]] due to his ground-breaking research papers. However, he declines the offer and becomes a lecturer in his college, where he meets Vasanthi, and they fall in love with each other. Udhaya later discovers that she has already been engaged and decides to move to another city. With the help of Basheer, he finds a job as a reporter in [[Chennai]]. Unfortunately, Basheer dies in a bomb blast, and Udhaya unwittingly gets to meet the people responsible for Basheer's death, who introduce him to their boss Dhananjay Veeran, who poses as a crusader with veiled intentions. Udhaya sympathises with the crusaders and helps build an instrument to break [[granite]] slabs, aiding manual labour. Later, he builds a bomb born out of his research and gives it to Veeran to help their cause in supporting labourers. However, Veeran uses the bomb on a train without Udhaya's knowledge, killing many innocent people and framing Udhaya for the bomb blast, who gets arrested for a crime he did not commit. En route from the court, the police vehicle is caught in a puddle, and Udhaya gets a chance to escape. On the run, he stumbles upon Veeran and his accomplice discussing a plot to bomb a [[school bus]], and then, he comes to the realisation that Veeran is the culprit. Udhaya manages to save the school kids from the explosion. Veeran arrives and attempts to shoot Udhaya. A fight ensues in which Veeran is thrown into the flames of the wreckage. Udhaya is arrested and tried in court, where he pleads not guilty and is released, embracing Vasanthi as the credits roll.

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
*[[Vijay (actor)|Vijay]] as Udhayakumaran (Udhaya)
*[[Simran (actress)|Simran]] as Vasanthi
*[[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]] as Dhananjay Veeran
*[[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]] as Basheer
*[[Rajesh (Tamil actor)|Rajesh]] as Muthuswamypillai
*[[Pyramid Natarajan]] as Newspaper Editor
*[[Thalaivasal Vijay]] as Police Officer
*[[Delhi Ganesh]] as Lawyer
*[[Gowtham Sundararajan]] as David John
*[[Bala Singh]] as Vanji
*[[Mohan Raman]] as Professor
*Kumar Natarajan as Ponmala Sesha Jagan
*[[Shanti Williams]] as Vasanthi's mother
*[[Crane Manohar]] as Saamiyar (Priest)
*[[R. Sundaramoorthy]] as Niranjan
*Raviraj as Professor
*[[Krishna (Tamil actor)|Krishna]] as Venkat Raman
*[[Sophiya Haque]] as item number "Thiruvellikeni Rani"
*[[Sridhar (choreographer)|Sridhar]] as dancer "Pookum Malarai"
*[[Sriranjani (Tamil actress)|Sriranjani]] as Udhaya's elder sister (uncredited appearance in the song "Enna Enna")
*[[G. Marimuthu]] as Man praising Udhaya (uncredited role)
}}

== Production ==
[[Azhagam Perumal]], an assistant to director [[Mani Ratnam]] in the 1990s, was supposed to make his directorial debut with the project.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Warrier |first=Shobha |author-link=Shobha Warrier |date=24 April 2001 |title=I'm jealous of Mani Ratnam! |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2001/apr/24peru.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024090709/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2001/apr/24peru.htm |archive-date=24 October 2012 |access-date=24 April 2012 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> [[Simran (actress)|Simran]] was signed on to be a part of the film and the team began shoot as early as November 1998, with former [[Chief Election Commissioner of India]], [[T. N. Seshan]], also said to portray a key role.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 August 1999 |title=The one-off number |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/1999/aug/16ss.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303223524/http://www.rediff.com/movies/1999/aug/16ss.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=24 April 2012 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=12/14 – Vijay's UDHAYAA |url=http://tamilmovies.com/news/pages/20.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990508012745/http://tamilmovies.com/news/pages/20.html |archive-date=8 May 1999 |access-date=26 July 2023 |website=Tamil Movie Online}}</ref> An [[item number]] was shot in 2000 with Vijay and Sophia Haque for the film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 September 2001 |title=Udhaya – Music Buzz |url=http://www.tfmpage.com/oldnews01.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232803/http://www.tfmpage.com/oldnews01.html |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=24 April 2012 |website=Tfmpage.com}}</ref> Producer Natarajan later replaced Seshan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Udhaya |url=http://sify.com/movies/tamil/preview.php?ctid=5&cid=2423&id=6007184 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050123024631/http://sify.com/movies/tamil/preview.php?ctid=5&cid=2423&id=6007184 |archive-date=23 January 2005 |access-date=16 October 2023 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>

The film's delay led to Azhagam Perumal being labelled by the media as an "unlucky director", as his first film prior to this, which was supposed to be ''Mudhal Mudhalaaga'' starring [[Arvind Swamy]] and [[Karisma Kapoor]] had also failed to take off. He however signed on to direct the [[R. Madhavan|Madhavan]]-[[Jyothika]] starrer ''[[Dumm Dumm Dumm]]'' (2001), a film produced by [[Mani Ratnam]], which became a commercial success.<ref>{{Cite web |title="We Rise fast, fall fast": Jyothika |url=http://cinematoday2.itgo.com/we_rise_fast_fall_fast_jyothika.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228071430/http://cinematoday2.itgo.com/we_rise_fast_fall_fast_jyothika.htm |archive-date=28 December 2013 |access-date=24 April 2012 |website=Cinematoday2.itgo.com}}</ref>

Simran briefly announced her retirement from films after her marriage in December 2003 with Natarajan filing a case against the actress for failure to participate in shoot.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rasika |date=10 December 2003 |title=A case for Simran's comeback |url=http://www.chennaionline.com/reeltalk/12reeltalk9th.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031211070915/http://www.chennaionline.com/reeltalk/12reeltalk9th.asp |archive-date=11 December 2003 |access-date=12 January 2022 |website=Chennai Online}}</ref> As the film finally geared up for release in the summer of 2004, trade pundits were insistent that despite the presence of Vijay's other big budget film, ''[[Ghilli]]'', time should be allotted to publicise ''Udhaya'' too. Eventually the two films released a month apart.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pillai |first=Sreedhar |date=29 March 2004 |title=In a fix |url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/03/29/stories/2004032901170202.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040507014624/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/03/29/stories/2004032901170202.htm |archive-date=7 May 2004 |access-date=24 April 2012 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

== Music ==
The soundtrack was composed by [[A. R. Rahman]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 December 2003 |title=Udhaya (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) by |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/udhaya-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1346817497 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230726052739/https://music.apple.com/in/album/udhaya-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1346817497 |archive-date=26 July 2023 |access-date=26 July 2023 |website=[[Apple Music]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> This is the first Vijay film for which he composed music.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2019 |title=Top 5 most memorable anthems by AR Rahman for Thalapathy Vijay |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/thalapathy-vijay-ar-rahman-best-songs-top-5-videos-playlist-6080381/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728120010/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/thalapathy-vijay-ar-rahman-best-songs-top-5-videos-playlist-6080381/ |archive-date=28 July 2022 |access-date=26 July 2023 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> One of the songs had lyrics written by [[Gangai Amaran]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pillai |first=Sreedhar |date=24 February 2003 |title=Different tunes |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/02/24/stories/2003022400750200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101022130218/http://hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/02/24/stories/2003022400750200.htm |archive-date=22 October 2010 |access-date=24 April 2012 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> The song "Udhaya Udhaya" is set in [[Charukesi]] raga.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mani |first=Charulatha |author-link=Charulatha Mani |date=3 February 2012 |title=A Raga's Journey — The charm of Charukesi |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/a-ragas-journey-the-charm-of-charukesi/article2857091.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911094943/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/a-ragas-journey-the-charm-of-charukesi/article2857091.ece |archive-date=11 September 2019 |access-date=8 November 2015 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 28:03
| title1 = Pookum Malarai
| lyrics1 = [[Palani Bharathi]]
| extra1 = [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]]
| length1 = 5:24
| title2 = Udhaya Udhaya
| lyrics2 = [[Arivumathi]]
| extra2 = [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Sadhana Sargam]]
| length2 = 6:09
| title3 = Thiruvallikeni Rani
| lyrics3 = [[Gangai Amaran]]
| extra3 = [[Sukhwinder Singh]], [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]]
| length3 = 5:16
| title4 = Enna Enna
| lyrics4 = Ilayakamban
| extra4 = [[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[Gopika Poornima]]
| length4 = 5:16
| title5 = Anjanam
| length5 = 5:57
| lyrics5 = [[Palani Bharathi]], [[A. M. Rathnam]], Shaji Thomas
| extra5 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]]
}}

== Release and reception ==
The film released on 26 March 2004.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2004 |title="Udaya" released! |url=http://sify.com/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=13442803 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040416101138/http://sify.com/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=13442803 |archive-date=2004-04-16 |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> It did not get a good opening and became a "total washout" at box-office.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sify.com/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=13445926|title=`Udaya` bombs, `Gilli` gets ready
|date=3 April 2004|access-date=13 December 2025|website=[[Sify]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040416112114/http://sify.com/movies/tamil/fullstory.php?id=13445926|archive-date=16 April 2004}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=6 April 2004 |title='Gilli' postponed by a week! |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/gilli-postponed-by-a-week-news-tamil-kkfvMvfdadasi.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027063929/http://www.sify.com/movies/gilli-postponed-by-a-week-news-tamil-kkfvMvfdadasi.html |archive-date=27 October 2014 |access-date=26 July 2023 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> ''[[Sify]]'' wrote "On the whole Udaya is an unbelievable yarn and is an excuse in an amateurish filmmaking. It is roughly constructed, haphazardly shot and even burdened with tedious scenes that suddenly turn into dream scene for the songs!".<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 April 2004 |title=Udhaya |url=http://sify.com/movies/tamil/review.php?id=13448876&ctid=5&cid=2429&t= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113161526/http://www.sify.com/movies/udaya-review-tamil-pclv1Tafgbefj.html |archive-date=13 January 2017 |access-date=28 September 2023 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> ''Cinesouth'' wrote "The continuity jumps make it very obvious that the film wasn’t completed and that it was somehow put together with whatever was available. There are two incomplete songs (it looks as if the film’s length is shorter than the planned 2000 ft)".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Udhaya |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/scopes/reviews/new/udhaya.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040804044604/http://www.cinesouth.com/scopes/reviews/new/udhaya.shtml |archive-date=4 August 2004 |access-date=13 July 2024 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref> G. Ulaganathan of ''[[Deccan Herald]]'' wrote "The end product looks a bit stale and jaded, disappointing Vijay fans. It is the shortest Vijay film with a running time of only two hours and two minutes. Two songs, which were filmed just a few weeks before the release, are totally out of place. While Vijay looks thin throughout the film, he is quite chubby in the song sequences!".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ulaganathan |first=G. |date=24 April 2004 |title=Udaya |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/apr042004/mr2.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041209013140/http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/apr042004/mr2.asp |archive-date=9 December 2004 |access-date=21 March 2025 |website=[[Deccan Herald]]}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}
*{{Rotten Tomatoes}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Sujatha}}

[[Category:2004 Indian films]]
[[Category:2004 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2004 action films]]
[[Category:2004 films]]
[[Category:Films about terrorism in India]]
[[Category:Films scored by A. R. Rahman]]
[[Category:Indian action films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language action films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Rekulapally Bhoopathi Reddy

2026-04-11T21:28:31Z

Narayanacancercentre: made basic info basic info - done

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name =
| image =
| caption =
| order =
| office = Member of the [[Telangana Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2023
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Bajireddy Goverdhan]]
| successor =
| constituency =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}}
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| other_party =
| spouse =
| children =
| alma_mater =
| profession =
| signature =
| website =
}}
'''Rekulapally Bhoopathi Reddy''' (born 1964) is an Indian politician from [[Telangana]] state. He is a member of the [[Telangana Legislative Assembly]] from [[Nizamabad Rural Assembly constituency]] in [[Nizamabad district]]. He represents [[Indian National Congress]] and won the [[2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nizamabad (Rural) assembly election results 2023: Nizamabad (Rural) Winning Candidates List and Vote Share |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/telangana/nizamabad-rural-assembly-result-29018 |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nizamabad Rural Assembly Election Results 2023: Nizamabad Rural Telangana Election Schedule, Vote share and Results |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/elections/telangana-assembly-election/nizamabad-rural-constituency/ |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Nizamabad (Rural) Constituency Election Results 2018 - 2023: Nizamabad (Rural">{{cite news |date=3 December 2023 |title=Nizamabad (Rural) Constituency Election Results 2018 - 2023: Nizamabad (Rural |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/telangana/constituency-show/nizamabad-rural |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250705180133/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/telangana/constituency-show/nizamabad-rural |archive-date=5 July 2025 |access-date=5 July 2025 |publisher=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Reddy is from [[Nizamabad, Telangana|Nizamabad]]. He is born to Rekulapally Raja Reddy. He completed his M.S. in Orthopaedics in 1993 from [[Osmania Medical College]], [[Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences]], [[Vijayawada]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhoopathi Reddy Rekulapally(Indian National Congress(INC)):Constituency- NIZAMABAD (RURAL)(NIZAMABAD) - Affidavit Information of Candidate: |url=https://www.myneta.info/Telangana2023/candidate.php?candidate_id=248 |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref>

== Career ==
Reddy won from [[Nizamabad Rural Assembly constituency]] representing [[Indian National Congress]] in the [[2023 Telangana Legislative Assembly election]]. He polled 78,378 votes and defeated his nearest rival, [[Bajireddy Goverdhan]] of [[Bharat Rashtra Samithi]] by a margin of 21,963 votes.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Nizamabad (Rural) Constituency Election Results 2023: Nizamabad (Rural) Assembly Seat Details, MLA Candidates & Winner |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/telangana/constituency-show/nizamabad-rural |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=bhoopathi reddy rekulapally telangana bhoopathi-reddy-rekulapally-nizamabad-rural candidate Profile, Candidates Net Worth, Education News {{!}} ABPLive |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/bhoopathi-reddy-rekulapally-telangana-nizamabad-rural-candidate-profile.html |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhoopathi Reddy Rekulapally, INC Candidate from Nizamabad Rural Assembly Election 2024 Seat: Electoral History & Political Journey, Winning or Losing - News18 Assembly Election 2024 Result News |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/telangana/bhoopathi-reddy-rekulapally-assembly-candidate-s29aed2008a018e2023c003/ |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=www.news18.com |language=en}}</ref> Earlier in the [[2018 Telangana Legislative Assembly election]], he lost to [[Bajireddy Goverdhan]] of [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]].<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhoopathi Reddy, Rekulapally}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1964 births]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Telangana]]
[[Category:Telangana MLAs 2023–2028]]
[[Category:People from Nizamabad district]]
[[Category:Medical doctors from Telangana]]
[[Category:Telugu politicians]]

Priyankar Upadhaya

2026-04-11T09:23:43Z

Narayanacancercentre: made first article more to come - done

{{Multiple issues|
{{Orphan|date=February 2022}}
{{citation style|date=May 2018}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}

Professor '''Priyankar Upadhaya''' holds the UNESCO Chair for Peace and Intercultural Understanding<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.unesco.org/en/university-twinning-and-networking/access-by-region/asia-and-the-pacific/india/unesco-chair-for-peace-and-intercultural-understanding-912/ |title=UNESCO Chair for Peace and Intercultural Understanding (912) | | UNESCO |access-date=2016-03-02 |archive-date=2015-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717173135/http://www.unesco.org/en/university-twinning-and-networking/access-by-region/asia-and-the-pacific/india/unesco-chair-for-peace-and-intercultural-understanding-912/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> at '''[[Banaras Hindu University]]'''(Asia's largest residential university), Varanasi. Professor Upadhyaya heads the Malaviya Center for Peace Research situated in the University.

==Career==
Professor Upadhayaya holds M.Phil. and Ph.D Degree of [[Jawaharlal Nehru University]], Delhi. He also holds Advance International Diploma(s) in Conflict Resolution from the [[Uppsala University]], Sweden. Prof. Upadhaya has done Post-Doctoral Research at [[University of London]] and the Woodrow Wilson Centre for International Scholars, Wash DC.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.prio.org/people/9576|title=Priyankar Upadhyaya – Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO)|website=www.prio.org|accessdate=31 December 2023}}</ref> He was selected for the Guest Scholar Award of the Woodrow Wilson Centre of International Scholars at Wash DC 1992, Faculty Research Award, Canadian Govt. 1999 and Senior Fulbright Award in 2004. Professor Upadhyaya has taught and done research in Political Science & Conflict Resolution in many parts of the world, including Concordia University, Montreal; Ulster University in Northern Ireland, at the Department of Political Science, Karlstad University in Sweden and United States Air Force Academy at Colorado Springs. He has also been Fellow at the Henry L Stimson Center, Wash DC, and recently a Senior Visiting Fellow at the [[Peace Research Institute Oslo]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.prio.org/News/Item/?x=2140|title = Priyankar Upadhyaya appointed PRIO Global Fellow – Peace Research Institute Oslo}}</ref>

Professor Upadhyaya has publications in journals and books from OUP, MUP, CUP, Sage, Ashgate and Routledge among others and research articles in reputed International Journals such as the Denver Journal of International Law & Policy; International Studies (Sage) and Strategic Analysis (Routledge).{{fact|date=December 2022}}

Prof. Upadhyaya has taught International Relations & Peace Studies at Banaras Hindu University for over three decades. He has contributed as a Resource Person for UN University of Peace and at the Henry L Stimson Center, Wash DC. Prof Upadhyaya also a visiting speaker at the Foreign Service Institute, Naval War Academy and National Defense College in India. More recently Prof Upadhyaya has served as the ICCR Chair of Indian Studies at Dublin City University.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.institute.global/experts/priyankar-upadhyaya|title=Priyankar Upadhyaya|website=www.institute.global|accessdate=31 December 2023}}</ref> He has served in various quality committees constituted by [[Government of India]] including the Civil Service Examination Reform Committee under purview of the [[Civil Services Examination]] UPSC and the National Mission on Education through ICT [NMEICT]. He occasionally serves as a guest expert at various news channels as ABP News and BBC News.{{fact|date=December 2022}}

In June 2016, Professor Upadhyaya delivered a path breaking speech at the UN Consultative meet on 'Peace as a process' held at Geneva.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/new/en/member-states/single-view/news/the_united_nations_system_takes_stock_of_its_global_peace_ag/|title = The United Nations System takes stock of its global peace agenda | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization}}</ref> In September, 2016, Professor Upadhyaya was invited by President Barack Obama to a White House meeting on Religious and Interfaith dialogue as a representative of the Indian Education System.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/hindustan-times-lucknow/20160917/281724089016563 |title=BHU prof invited to White House meet |via=PressReader |accessdate=31 December 2023}}</ref> Earlier in 2017, Professor Upadhyaya has been appointed as the PRIO Global Fellow.<ref name="auto"/> On 24 May 2018, a book titled ''Long Walk of Peace: towards a culture of prevention'' authored by Professor Priyankar Upadhyaya and published by UNESCO, was launched at the UN Library at Geneva.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://irelandindia.ie/2018/05/31/professor-priyankar-upadhyayas-long-walk-of-peace-launched-at-the-un-headquarter-in-geneva/|title = Professor Priyankar Upadhyaya's ''Long Walk of Peace'' launched at the UN Headquarter in Geneva - Ireland India Institute|date = 31 May 2018}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Upadhaya, Priyankar}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Banaras Hindu University]]
[[Category:Indian activists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian scholars]]

Brahma Temple, Asotra

2026-04-10T01:11:46Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{Short description|Spiritual ashram and temple}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Brahma Temple, Asotra
| image =Brahma Temple Asotra, Balotra.jpg
| caption =
| deity =[[Brahma]]
| location =[[Balotra]]
| country =India
| state =[[Rajasthan]]
| district =[[Balotra district]]
| map_type = India Rajasthan#India
| coordinates ={{coord|25.83|72.23|display=inline}}
| established =
| architecture_style =Nilachal Architecture
| website = https://brahmdhamtirth.org/
}}

''' Brahma Temple''' also known as '''Shri Kheteshwar Brahmadham Teerth, Asotra''' in [[Asotra]], [[Rajasthan]], is a significant temple dedicated to Lord [[ Brahma]], the creator god in Hinduism.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brahma Temple Asotra: संत खेताराम जिन्होंने राम-राम के नाम से सवा रुपए में तैयार किया था दुनिया का दूसरा सबसे बड़ा ब्रह्मा मंदिर, जानें इतिहास |url=https://www.rajasthanone.com/religion/news/brahma-ji-temple-asotra-is-second-world-largest-brahma-temple-history-related-to-sant-khetaram-818 |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Rajasthanone |language=hi}}</ref> is significant as the world's '''second Brahma temple''', the first being the well-known temple in Pushkar.It was constructed by late Brahmarshi Sant [[Kheteswara|Khetaram Ji Maharaj]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-27 |title=उपराष्ट्रपति जगदीप धनखड़ ने श्री खेतेश्वर ब्रह्मधाम तीर्थ आसोतरा के दर्शन कर राष्ट्र में शांति और खुशहाली की कामना की » Balotra News™ -बालोतरा न्यूज़ |url=https://balotranews.com/the-vice-president-visited-shri-kheteshwar-brahmadham-teerth-asotra-and-wished-for-peace-and-prosperity-in-the-nation/ |access-date=2025-07-10 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=आकर्षण व आस्था का केन्द्र खेताराम महाराज की समाधि |url=https://www.patrika.com/barmer-news/mausoleum-of-khetaram-maharaj-center-of-attraction-and-faith-4549346 |website=patrika.com|date=10 May 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Brahma Temple Asotra: संत खेताराम जिन्होंने राम-राम के नाम से सवा रुपए में तैयार किया था दुनिया का दूसरा सबसे बड़ा ब्रह्मा मंदिर, जानें इतिहास |url=https://www.rajasthanone.com/religion/news/brahma-ji-temple-asotra-is-second-world-largest-brahma-temple-history-related-to-sant-khetaram-818 |access-date=2025-07-10 |website=Rajasthanone |language=hi}}</ref>

==Worship==
The temple is unique in its status as a place of worship for [[Brahma]].<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=खेताराम महाराज की पुण्यतिथि पर ब्रह्मधाम में उमड़े श्रद्धालु, जयकारों के साथ पुष्पांजलि अर्पित |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/rajasthan-news-on-the-death-anniversary-of-khetaram-maharaj-devotees-devotees-in-the-cosmos-offer-wreaths-with-cheers-062531-4528273.html |website=bhaskar.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=आसोतरा के ब्रह्मा मंदिर में दर्शन |url=https://www.vishwaguruji.in/news-archive/394-2022-11-18-14-34-56 |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=www.vishwaguruji.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Video : आकर्षण व आस्था का केन्द्र खेताराम महाराज की समाधि |url=https://www.patrika.com/barmer-news/mausoleum-of-khetaram-maharaj-center-of-attraction-and-faith-4549346 |access-date=2025-10-15 |website=Patrika News |language=hi}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Brahma Temple,Asotra}}

{{Portal|Hinduism|India
}}
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Barmer district]]
[[Category:Hindu temples in Barmer]]
[[Category:Folk deities of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Hindu temples in Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Brahma temples]]

{{India-hindu-temple-stub}}

Maang Bharo Sajana

2026-03-26T03:47:13Z

Narayanacancercentre: slightly rework structure based on references and cleaned formatting

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox film
|name = Maang Bharo Sajana
|image = Maang Bharo Sajana.jpg
|caption = Theatrical release poster
|director = [[T. Rama Rao]]
|producer = [[Atluri Purnachandra Rao|A. Poornachandra Rao]]
|writer = [[Dr. Rahi Masoom Reza]](dialogues)
|story = [[M. Prabhakar Reddy]]
|screenplay = T. Rama Rao
|starring = [[Jeetendra]] [[Rekha]] [[Moushumi Chatterjee]] [[Kajal Kiran]]
|music = [[Laxmikant-Pyarelal]]
|cinematography = M. Kannappa
|editing = J. Krishnaswamy V. Balasubramaniam
|based_on = ''[[Karthika Deepam (film)|Karthika Deepam]]'' (1979) by [[Lakshmi Deepak]]
|studio = Lakshmi Productions
|released = {{Film date|df=y|1980|11|7}}<ref name="BH">{{cite news|title=Maang Bharo Sajna Cast List|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/maang-bharo-sajna/cast/|accessdate=16 July 2021|work=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}</ref>
|runtime = 151 minutes
|country = India
|language = Hindi
|gross = ₹4.3 crore
}}

'''''Maang Bharo Sajana''''' ({{translation|Marry Me Darling}}) is a 1980 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]], directed by [[T. Rama Rao]], who also wrote the screenplay.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rajadhyaksha |first1=Ashish|last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |title=Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema|date=10 July 2014|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=978-1-135-94318-9|page=190|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SLkABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA190 |language=en}}</ref> The film stars [[Jeetendra]], [[Rekha]], [[Moushumi Chatterjee]], [[Kajal Kiran]] and music composed by [[Laxmikant–Pyarelal]]. The film is a remake of the [[Telugu language|Telugu]] film ''[[Karthika Deepam (film)|Karthika Deepam]]'' (1979). This was one of the four films T. Rama Rao directed with Jeetendra and Rekha that explored married relationships.<ref>{{cite book|last=Arunachalam|first=Param|title=BollySwar: 1981 - 1990|date=14 April 2020|publisher=Mavrix Infotech Private Limited|isbn=978-81-938482-2-7|page=22|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V4rcDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA22}}</ref> The film did well commercially.<ref>{{cite news|title=My first Hindi directorial venture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=enxTAAAAYAAJ|work=Film World|publisher=T.M. Ramachandran|year=1982|page=41}}</ref> Rekha was applauded for her performance as the other woman.<ref>{{cite news|last=Somaaya|first=Bhawana|author-link=Bhawana Somaaya|title=The Story So Far|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mK4aAQAAIAAJ|publisher=[[Indian Express Group]]|year=2003|page=129|quote=The actress is simultaneously applauded for her portrayal as the other woman in T Rama Rao's Maang Bharo Sajana...}}</ref>

==Plot==
Chandu, a college student, is the son of Ram and Sita. Chandu is in a relationship with Geeta Sinha, the daughter of Doctor Sinha, and they want to marry. One day, Dr. Sinha finds Geeta and Chandu on the road while Chandu's car is punctured, and they are asking for a lift. On recognizing Chandu, he forbids Geeta from seeing him any further and, after bringing Geeta home, forbids her to leave home. Then he calls Ram (who is known to him) and tells him of the developments. He warns Ram to also forbid Chandu from seeing Geeta and not plan to marry her, or he will suffer consequences. Ram feels insulted, and when Chandu returns home, he tells him that although Dr. Sinha has rejected his marriage proposal, Ram is with him. If Chandu manages to get Geeta of her free will into his home, he will arrange their marriage. Chandu manages to reach Geeta's bedroom, and they elope to Chandu's home. When Doctor Sinha learns that Geeta has eloped, he goes to Ram's house, where the wedding takes place, and insults Chandu, calling him a “bastard” and the like. Following this, Ram confesses to an event long ago, when he went to a construction site in UP near [[Varanasi|Benaras]]. He decided to visit a friend in Benaras who took him to a [[Prostitution in India|kotha]] where he met Radha, a prostitute whom he rescued from her first client. Ram brought Radha to his construction site, and they became close following the incident. After they fell in love, the river [[Ganges]] flooded and separated them. Ram thought Radha died, and when he came home, his father had a heart attack. Since his father was dying, his father asked him to marry Sita. Ram Kumar married Sita and was happy for 4–5 years, and they had a son, Shaam. One day, when he went to the railway station to pick up his mother-in-law, he saw Radha on the platform. He was happy that Radha was alive and took her to his guest house, telling her that for them to get married, he needed some time to talk to his family. Ram lacked the courage to tell Sita about Radha, so he hid the relationship from her and continued the affair.

One day, on a picnic with many children and their mothers, Sita met Radha, who saved baby Shaam from drowning in the swimming pool. They became friends. One day, Ram learned that Radha became pregnant, leaving Ram in a predicament. He tries to talk to Sita but fails. Meanwhile, Sita meets Radha in a [[sari]] store, and Radha invites her to her home—Sita and Radha exchange notes about their husbands. After Radha's baby boy is born, Sita comes to Radha's home to take her for the [[Karva Chauth]] [[Puja (Hinduism)|puja]]. Then Sita names the baby boy Chander Kumar (Chandu). After the puja, Sita takes Radha to her home to meet her husband and learns that Radha and her husband are not married due to the husband's problems. Them Ram enters, and on seeing Ram, Radha leaves the scene silently. Sita takes up Radha's case and has Ram promise to get Radha justice from her husband. Ram goes to Radha's home and finds her packing up to leave after being betrayed by Ram. He then explains the whole story to her and promises to find a solution. The baby Chandu has a fever, so Ram and Radha take him to the hospital. Sita's mother sees the two of them leaving the hospital with the baby and tells Sita that Ram is the father of Radha's baby. Sita believes her and goes to Radha's home to offer her money to get out of Ram's life, calling her a "whore". Sita also tells her that one of them must die, so if Radha is not gone by the morning, Sita will kill herself. Ram comes to Radha's home, and she tells him to go to Sita and soothe her, telling Sita that Radha is not a whore. Ram tells Sita the whole story, clarifying that he was in love with Radha before he married Sita, and he can't leave either of them since they are both his loves. He tells Sita to take a call on the situation. Sita decides to accept Radha. On reaching Radha's home, Ram and Sita find that Radha has taken poison, and Sita makes Ram fill Radha's Maang with red [[Sindoor]] from Sita's box. Radha receives a promise from Sita to bring up baby Chandu as her son. After Ram has finished telling his story, Dr. Sinha and his wife apologize to Ram and Sita for the accusations, and Chandu and Geeta get married with everyone's blessings.

==Cast==
{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
*[[Jeetendra]] as Ram Kumar / Chandru (double role)
*[[Rekha]] as Radha
*[[Moushumi Chatterjee]] as Sita
*[[Kajal Kiran]] as Geeta Sinha
*[[Om Shivpuri]] as Dr. Sinha
*[[Asrani]] as Jumerati
*Chandana Choudhry as Sabeeha Khan
*[[Yunus Parvez]] as Khan Sahib
*[[Mohan Choti]] as Priest
*[[Dheeraj Kumar]] as Shyam Kumar
*Parveen Paul as Sita's Mother
{{div col end}}

== Production ==
The shooting for the film was planned to start on 8 February 1980.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.zaminryot.com/pdf/1980/Jan/25-jan-1980.pdf|title=హిందీలో "కార్తీక దీపం”|trans-title=''Karthika Deepam'' in Hindi|work=[[Zamin Ryot]]|language=te|date=25 January 1980|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913093648/http://www.zaminryot.com/pdf/1980/Jan/25-jan-1980.pdf|archive-date=13 September 2016|access-date=22 January 2025|page=9}}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
This was one of the first films for which [[Kavita Krishnamurthy]]'s playback singing was retained. [[Anand Bakshi]] wrote all the lyrics.<ref>{{cite news|last=Vijayakar|first=Rajiv|title="I feel blessed"|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/-i-feel-blessed-/725704/3|accessdate=16 July 2021|work=The Indian Express|date=17 December 2010}}</ref>

{|class=wikitable
!Song!!Singer
|-
|"Hum Barson Baad Mile, Yaadon Ke Phool Khile"
|[[Kishore Kumar]], [[Asha Bhosle]]
|-
|"O Mere Mehboob, Hai Yeh Jodi Khoob"
|Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle
|-
|"Sajan Ho Sajan, Sajan Kyun Munh Pher Liya"
|Kishore Kumar, [[Lata Mangeshkar]]
|-
|"Ib Na Sunoongi Maine"
|Lata Mangeshkar
|-
|"Deepak Mere Suhaag Ka Jalta Rahe"
|Lata Mangeshkar, Asha Bhosle
|-
|"Kisi Bazaar Se Dil Ki Khushi"
|Asha Bhosle
|-
|"Kahe Ko Byahi Bides"
|[[Kavita Krishnamurthy]]
|-
|}

==Reception==
The film did well at the box office.<ref>{{cite news|title=Box Office 1980|url=http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=186&catName=MTk4MA==|accessdate=16 July 2021|work=[[Box Office India]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115225656/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=186&catName=MTk4MA==|archivedate=15 January 2013}}</ref> Dilip Thakur of ''[[The Times of India]]'' wrote of the film's storyline being "where a hero pleases an ordinary-looking girl but leaves her for an attractive woman".<ref>{{cite news|last=Dubey|first=Bharati|title=Shoaib affair old plot for Bollywood|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/shoaib-affair-old-plot-for-bollywood/articleshow/5772162.cms|accessdate=16 July 2021|work=[[The Times of India]]|publisher=The Times Group|date=8 April 2010}}</ref> The film was described as one of the successful melodramas of T. Rama Rao.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Mehta|first=Monika|title=A Certification Anomaly: The Self-Sacrificial Female Body in Bombay Cinema|journal=Studies in South Asian Film & Media|year=2009|volume=1|issue=1|pages=119–144|doi=10.1386/safm.1.1.119_1 |url=https://www.academia.edu/10033468|issn=1756-4921}}</ref> According to ''The Indian Journal of Social Work'', ''Maang Bharo Sajana'' is one of the films which "reinstate the image of a feet-worshipping, passive wife".<ref>{{cite journal |last=Billimoria |first=Jeroo |author-link=Jeroo Billimoria |date=January 1993 |title=The Role of Media for Raising Public Awareness |journal=The Indian Journal of Social Work |volume=54 |page=50 |quote=Films such as 'Pati Parmeshwar', 'Maang Bharo Sajana', reinstate the image of a feet-worshipping, passive wife.}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|0260152}}

{{T. Rama Rao}}

[[Category:1980 films]]
[[Category:1980 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Hindi remakes of Telugu films]]
[[Category:Films directed by T. Rama Rao]]
[[Category:Films scored by Laxmikant–Pyarelal]]

{{1980s-Hindi-film-stub}}

Lakshmi Sadaiv Mangalam

2026-03-17T19:41:18Z

Narayanacancercentre: Made first article added tags...

{{Short description|2018 Indian Marathi-language TV series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Lakshmi Sadaiv Mangalam CM.jpg
| image_upright =
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| caption =
| alt_name =
| native_name =
| genre = [[Family drama]] [[Soap opera]]
| creator =
| based_on =
| inspired_by =
| developer =
| writer =
| screenplay =
| story =
| director =
| creative_director =
| presenter =
| starring = [[#Cast|See below]]
| judges =
| voices =
| narrator =
| theme_music_composer =
| open_theme =
| end_theme =
| composer =
| country = India
| language = Marathi
| num_seasons =
| num_episodes = 331
| list_episodes =
| executive_producer =
| producer = Rakesh Sarang Sangita Sarang
| news_editor =
| location =
| cinematography =
| animator =
| editor =
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 22 minutes
| company = Camps Club Studios
| budget =
| network = [[Colors Marathi]]
| first_aired = {{start date|df=yes|2018|05|14}}
| last_aired = {{end date|df=yes|2019|05|25}}
| related = ''[[Lakshmi Baramma]]''
}}

'''''Lakshmi Sadaiv Mangalam''''' ({{translation|Lakshmi is always happy}}) is an Indian [[Marathi-language]] television series which aired on [[Colors Marathi]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=...म्हणून 'लक्ष्मी सदैव मंगलम' गाशा गुंडाळणार! |url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/television/lakshmi-sadaiv-manglam-serial-to-go-off-air-664205/amp |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[ABP Majha]] |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=लक्ष्मीची आर्वीताई परतणार, 'लक्ष्मी सदैव मंगलम'चे ३०० भाग पूर्ण |url=https://www.lokmat.com/filmy/television/lakshmi-will-return-arvitai-complete-300-odd-section-lakshmi-sadhan-manangalam/ |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[Lokmat]] |language=mr}}</ref> The show starred [[Surabhi Hande]], Samruddhi Kelkar and Omprakash Shinde in lead roles.<ref>{{Cite web |title=लक्ष्मी सदैव मंगलम या मालिकेत लक्ष्मी, आर्वी आणि अबोली येणार एकमेकांसमोर, जाणून घ्या काय होणार पुढे... |url=https://www.lokmat.com/filmy/television/new-twist-colours-marathis-laxmi-sadaiv-mangalam/ |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[Lokmat]] |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=‘लक्ष्मी सदैव मंगलम्’ मालिकेत लक्ष्मीसमोर येणार मल्हारचे वेगळे रूप |url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan/new-twist-in-colors-marathi-serial-laxmi-sadaiv-mangalam-1788603/ |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[Loksatta]] |language=mr}}</ref> The series premiered from 14 May 2018 and ended on 25 May 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=‘लक्ष्मी सदैव मंगलम्’ मालिकेचे १०० भाग पूर्ण; सेटवर जंगी सेलिब्रेशन |url=https://www.loksatta.com/manoranjan/laxmi-sadaiv-mangalam-tv-serial-completes-100-episodes-colors-marathi-1746949/ |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[Loksatta]] |language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=लक्ष्मी सदैव मंगलम्... ही आहे नव्या मालिकेची स्टोरी, सुरभी-ओमप्रकाशची जमली जोडी |url=https://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/news/bol-mb-iftm-new-marathi-serial-laxmi-sadaiva-mangalam-starts-from-14th-may-on-colors-marathi-5870053-pho.html |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=Divya Marathi |language=mr}}</ref> It is an official remake of Kannada TV series ''[[Lakshmi Baramma]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diwali special in Lakshmi Sadaiv Mangalam - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/diwali-special-in-laxmi-sadaiv-mangalam/articleshow/66479352.cms |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=दिवाळीच्या निमित्ताने लक्ष्मी सदैव मंगलम, घाडगे & सून, हे मन बावरे, राधा प्रेम रंगी रंगली या मालिकांमध्ये घडणार या घडामोडी |url=https://www.lokmat.com/filmy/television/diwali-special-laxmi-sadaiv-mangalam-ghadge-and-suun-he-mann-baware-and-radha-prem-rangi-rangali/ |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[Lokmat]] |language=mr}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Treated like a slave by her own family, Laxmi knows no happiness until Malhar enters her life like a knight in shining armour and proposes marriage. But a cruel twist of fate makes Laxmi realise that her marriage is nothing but a sham! Complicating things further, Laxmi will soon be caught in the middle of a love triangle which is sure to leave her questioning everything she knows.<ref>{{Cite web |title='लक्ष्मी सदैव मंगलम्'मध्ये केतकी चितळेच्या एन्ट्रीने येणार नवा ट्विस्ट! |url=https://www.lokmat.com/filmy/television/chitales-entry-new-twist-lakshmi-sadaiye-mangalam/ |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[Lokmat]] |language=mr}}</ref>

== Cast ==
=== Main ===
* Omprakash Shinde as Malhar<ref>{{Cite web |title=Omprakash gears up for his next serial - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/omprakash-gears-up-for-his-next-serial/articleshow/63916109.cms |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
* Samruddhi Kelkar as Laxmi<ref>{{Cite web |title=बाप्पाच्या आगमनाने लक्ष्मीच्या आयुष्यात सुखाची चाहूल! |url=https://www.lokmat.com/filmy/television/ganpati-celebration-laxmi-sadaiv-mangalam-tv-serial/ |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[Lokmat]] |language=mr}}</ref>

=== Recurring ===
* [[Surabhi Hande]] as Aarvi
* Hrishikesh Shelar as Ajinkya
* Ketaki Chitale as Aboli<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ketaki Chitale to play an Indore-based girl - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/lakshmi-sadaiva-mangalam-ketaki-chitale-to-play-an-indore-based-girl/articleshow/68215683.cms |access-date=2023-02-25 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

== Adaptations ==
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="color:white"
! style="background:#7b0c0c;"| Language
! style="background:#7b0c0c;"| Title
! style="background:#7b0c0c;"| Original release
! style="background:#7b0c0c;"| Network
! style="background:#7b0c0c;"| Last aired
! style="background:#7b0c0c;"| Notes
|-
| [[Kannada]]
| ''[[Lakshmi Baramma]]'' ಲಕ್ಷ್ಮಿ ಬಾರಮ್ಮಾ
| 4 March 2013
| [[Colors Kannada]]
| 25 January 2020
| Original
|-
| [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]
| ''Laxmi Sadaiv Mangalam'' લક્ષ્મી સદૈવ મંગલમ
| 29 January 2018
| [[Colors Gujarati]]
| 17 April 2021
| rowspan="5"| Remake
|-
| [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| ''[[Vandhal Sridevi]]'' வந்தாள் ஸ்ரீதேவி
| 11 April 2018
| [[Colors Tamil]]
| 28 June 2019
|-
| [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| ''Lakshmi Sadaiv Mangalam'' लक्ष्मी सदैव मंगलम्
| 14 May 2018
| [[Colors Marathi]]
| 25 May 2019
|-
| [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]
| ''Mizhi Randilum'' മിഴി രണ്ടിലും
| 2 January 2023
| [[Zee Keralam]]
| 11 August 2024
|-
| [[Hindi Language|Hindi]]
| ''[[Mishri]]'' मिश्री
| 3 July 2024
| [[Colors TV]]
| 3 November 2024
|-
| [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| ''Thirumangalyam'' திருமாங்கல்யம்
| 3 November 2025
| [[Zee Tamil]]
| Ongoing
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt12289948}}
* [https://www.jiocinema.com/tv-shows/laxmi-sadaiv-mangalam-marathi/3498236 ''Lakshmi Sadaiv Mangalam''] at [[JioCinema]]

[[Category:2018 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Colors Marathi original programming]]
[[Category:Marathi-language television shows]]
[[Category:2019 Indian television series endings]]
[[Category:Remakes of Indian television series]]

Relis

2026-03-17T15:07:48Z

Narayanacancercentre: made new post needs work

{{Short description|Indo Aryan caste and ethnic group from South India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}}
{{infobox ethnic group
| group = Reli people
| image =
| caption =
| population =
| popplace = [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]], [[Odisha]], [[West Bengal]], [[Chhattisgarh]]
| langs = [[Reli language|Reli]], [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Hindi]]
| rels = [[Hinduism]]
| related =
}}

'''Relli'''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Murti |first=Kamakshi Pappu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_45LEAAAQBAJ&dq=Relli+caste&pg=PT74 |title=Bandilanka's Forgotten Lives |publisher=Leadstart Publishing Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-5458-595-1 |language=en |quote="The Relli thought they were so superior! They gathered fruit and sold them. And that gave them the right to steal all the Government benefits. Not that this Government does much for the likes of us. He spat as he thought of the government. It was always the same, always the same unending misery and hunger."}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=K. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UHeuC65ii6wC&q=Relli+caste |title=People of India: Odisha (2 pts.) |date=1992 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |isbn=978-81-7046-294-1 |pages=1302 |language=en |quote="THE RELLI The Relli do not have any other name or synonym . They use their caste name as their surname . They do not have any sub - caste . It is said that when Rama was in exile, the forefathers of the community met Rama, Laxman and ..."}}</ref> (also '''Reli''', '''Relly''', or '''Raily''') are an [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-aryan]] ethnic group and caste who reside in the [[States and union territories of India|states]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]], [[Odisha]], [[West Bengal]], and [[Chhattisgarh]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Malik |first=Suratha Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DbjrDwAAQBAJ&dq=reli+caste&pg=PA133 |title=Land Alienation and Politics of Tribal Exploitation in India: Special Focus on Tribal Movement in Koraput District of Odisha |date=2020-06-15 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-981-15-5382-0 |pages=133 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/rei|title=Reli|work=Ethnologue|access-date=2018-05-31|language=en}}</ref> They are classified as a [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Caste]].<ref name=":0" />

== Demographics ==

The Relli people are mainly distributed in coastal districts, such as [[Srikakulam district|Srikakulam]], [[Vizianagaram district|Vizianagaram]], [[Vishakhapatnam District|Visakhapatnam]], [[East Godavari district|East Godavari]], [[West Godavari district|West Godavari]], [[Krishna district|Krishna]], [[Guntur district|Guntur]], [[Prakasam district|Prakasam]], [[Nellore district|Nellore]], and [[Chittoor district|Chittoor]] of Andhra Pradesh, [[Jagdalpur]] of Chhattisgarh and the [[Koraput district|Koraput]], [[Nabarangpur]], [[Rayagada district|Rayagada]], [[kolkata]], [[Howrah|Howrah, Howrah Maidan]], [[Salkia]], [[Shalimar]], [[Mominpur]], [[Titagarh]], [[Khardah]], and [[Bandel]].

According to the 2001 Census, Relli and Mehtar's population is 206,053 in [[Andhra Pradesh (1956–2014)|Andhra Pradesh]], 37 in Chhattisgarh, and 8,357 in [[Odisha]] respectively. Rellis constitutes 1.67% of the total Scheduled Caste population of United Andhra Pradesh in 2001.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Jammanna |first1=Akepogu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kOa2DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA222 |title=Dalits' Struggle for Social Justice in Andhra Pradesh (1956-2008): From Relays to Vacuum Tubes |last2=Sudhakar |first2=Pasala |date=2016-12-14 |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |isbn=978-1-4438-4496-3 |pages=222 |language=en}}</ref>

== Occupation ==

The primary occupation of the Relli people in Andhra Pradesh is the collection and sale of fruits, vegetables, seeds, and grass. Some are labourers and [[Manual scavenging|manual scavengers]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-10-04 |title='They Want us to Clean their Shit, But Won't Respect Us': Manual Scavenging is Rooted in Casteism |url=https://www.news18.com/news/buzz/they-want-us-to-clean-their-shit-but-wont-respect-us-manual-scavenging-is-rooted-in-casteism-1897305.html |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=[[News18]] |language=en}}</ref> A few are in [[government service]] while the Relli of Odisha and Chhattisgarh trade in salt, rice, vegetables, goats, and hens on a small scale. Agriculture is also pursued. They are listed as [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]].<ref name=":0" />

== Language ==
Relli people speak the [[Reli language|Relli language]] as their [[Mother-tongue|mother tongue]] and is close to Odia. The Relli people speak the [[Telugu language|Telugu]] language in Andhra Pradesh when conversing with outsiders. The Relli people speak the [[Hindi]] language in Chhattisgarh and In kolkata Bengali language

The 2001 Census stated that there were 21,238 speakers of the [[Reli language|Relli language]] in Andhra Pradesh, 37 in Chhattisgarh, and 4014 in Odisha. Further breakdown to the district level is as follows (2001 Census): [[Vizianagaram district|Vizianagaram]] (AP) 7,893; [[Visakhapatnam]] (AP) 4,301; [[East Godavari district|East Godavari]] (AP) 3,079; [[Krishna district|Krishna]] (AP) 3,085; [[Srikakulam district|Srikakulam]] (AP) 1,796; [[Guntur]] (AP) 597, [[Koraput district|Koraput]] (OD) 1607; [[Rayagada district|Rayagada]] (OD) 907 and [[Nabarangpur district|Nabarangpur]] (OD) 1500, in Odisha, [[Jagdalpur]] (CG) 37, in [[Chhattisgarh]].

== See also ==

* [[List of Scheduled Castes in Andhra Pradesh & Telangana]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* 2001 Census of India. Scheduled Caste http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/SCCRC_28.pdf (01- Feb-09)
* Lewis, M. Paul (ed.), 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Online version:
* People of India http://fttkorea.net/docu/ftt57aap.pdf (01-Feb-09)
* Singh, K.S. 2003. People of India: Andhra Pradesh Vol13 Part 3. Delhi: Anthropological Survey of India and Affiliated east-west press pvt. ltd.
* Singh, K.S. 1993. People of India National Series. Volume 2. The Scheduled Caste. Delhi: Anthropological Survey of India and Oxford University Survey of India.
* Chenna Sanyasi Rao, Relli Charita, "రెల్లి చెరిత" (History of Rellis), Published by Dharma Trust, Visakhapatnam, 1999. Distributors: Visalandhra Publishing House, Hyderabad.
* Chenna Sanyasi Rao, Vuravatala Suriedu, "ఊరవతల సూరీడు" ( "Sun on the other side of the village), Anthology of Poems. Published by, Progressive Writers Association, Visakhapatnam, 2000. Distributors: Visalandhra Publishing House, Hyderabad.
* Mangalagiri Prasada Rao, "Dalitullo Dalitulu", "దళితుల్లో దళితులు" (the wretched among the wretched), Published by Sri Mangalagiri Siriyallu Mater Seva Trust, Visakhapatnam, 2012.

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Ethnic groups in Odisha]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Scheduled Castes of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:South Indian communities]]
[[Category:Indigenous peoples of South Asia]]

List of people from Bihar

2026-03-16T05:29:43Z

Narayanacancercentre: added references

{{Short description|Notable people from Bihar}}
{{protection padlock|small=yes}}
{{Dynamic list}}
This is a '''list of notable people from [[Bihar]], [[India]]'''.
[[File:2016 Singapur, Rochor, Świątynia Sri Krishnan (21).jpg|thumb|Sita]]
[[File:Mahavir.jpg|thumb|Lord Mahavir]]
[[File:Bodh-Gaya.jpg|thumb|Lord Buddha]]
[[File:Chandragupt maurya Birla mandir 6 dec 2009 (31) (cropped).JPG|thumb|Chandragupta Maurya]]

== Deities and avatars ==
* [[Sita]]
* [[Vimalakirti]]
* [[Janaka]]
* [[The Buddha]]
* [[Mahavira]]
* [[Mallinatha]]
* [[Munisuvrata]]
* [[Naminatha]]
* [[Vasupujya]]
[[File:Samrat Ashoka.jpg|thumb|Samrat Ashoka]]
[[File:Chanakya artistic depiction.jpg|thumb|Chanakya]]

== Ancient ==
* [[Ajatashatru]] – King of [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]]
* [[Dhana Nanda]] – Last [[Nanda Empire|Nanda]] king
* [[Chandragupta Maurya]] – Founder of [[Maurya]] Empire
* [[Bindusara]] – Chandragupta's son
* [[Ashoka]] – Great Mauryan emperor
* [[Dasharatha Maurya]] – Ashoka's grandfather
* [[Samprati]] – Buddhist patron
* [[Shalishuka]] – Known for conflicts
* [[Devavarman (Maurya)|Devavarman]] – Mauryan ruler
* [[Shatadhanvan]] – Contemporary of Ashoka
* [[Brihadratha Maurya]] – Last Mauryan king
* [[Aryabhata]] – Ancient mathematician
* [[Samudragupta]] – Conqueror and ruler
* [[Chandragupta I]] – Established [[Gupta Empire]]
* [[Chanakya]] – Political strategist
* [[Vātsyāyana]] – Author of [[Kamasutra]]

==Medieval rulers==
* [[Gangadeva]] - second king of the [[Karnats of Mithila]]
* [[Narsimhadeva]] - third king of the [[Karnats of Mithila]]
* [[Ramasimhadeva]] - fourth king of the [[Karnats of Mithila]]
* [[Harisimhadeva]] - final ruler of the Karnat dynasty
* [[Shri Pratapa]] - ruler of the [[Khayaravala dynasty]]
* [[Mahasenagupta]] - king belonging to the [[Later Gupta dynasty]]
* [[Sher Shah Suri]] – Padishāh of the [[Sur Empire]]

==Buddhist figures==
{{See also|Nalanda#Notable scholars|Vikramashila#Notable scholars}}
*
* [[Śāriputra]] - one of the Buddha's ten principle disciples
* [[Maudgalyayana]] - one of the Buddha's ten principle disciples
* [[Mahākāśyapa]] - one of the Buddha's ten principle disciples
* [[Ratnākaraśānti]] - 11th century Buddhist philosopher
* [[Maitripada]] - 11th century [[Mahasiddha]]
* [[Prabhakāramitra]] - 7th century monk and translator active in China
* [[Dhyānabhadra]] - 14th century monk and translator active in Korea
* [[Śāriputra (15th-century)|Śāriputra]] - 15th century monk and translator active in China

== Sufi saints ==
* [[Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri]]
* [[Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri]]
* [[Makhdoom Shah Muhammad Munim Pak]]
* [[Ata Hussain Fani Chishti]]
* [[Khwaja Abdullah Chishti]]
* [[Ibrahim Yukpasi]]

==Nationalists and independence activists==
[[File:Kunwarsingh.jpg|thumb|310x310px|Portrait of Veer [[Kunwar Singh]]]]
[[File:Maghfoor Ajazi.jpg|thumb|318x318px|[[Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi]]]]
[[File:Seewoosagur Ramgoolam - David Ben Gurion 1962.jpg|thumb|329x329px|Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, the son of a Bihari immigrant, with [[David Ben Gurion]] at [[Lod airport]], Israel, in 1962]]


* [[Ajit Kumar Mehta]]
* [[Babu Kunwar Singh]]
* [[Rajendra Prasad]]
* [[:simple:Ranjit Singh Yadav|Ranjit Singh Yadav]]
* [[Rash Bihari Lal Mandal]]
* [[Chandradeo Prasad Verma]]
* [[Sri Krishna Singh]]
* [[Anugrah Narayan Sinha]]
* [[Jayaprakash Narayan]]
* [[Jagjivan Ram]]
* [[Jubba Sahni]]
* [[Ram Subhag Singh]]
* [[Kameshwar Singh]]
* [https://amritkaal.nic.in/district-reopsitory-detail.htm?30200 Kameshwari Devi]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of India |title=Kameshwari Devi |url=https://amritkaal.nic.in/district-reopsitory-detail.htm?30200 |website=Digital District Repository}}</ref>
* [[Upendra Nath Verma]]
* [[Swami Sahajanand Saraswati]]
* [[Syed Hasan Imam]]
* [[Baikuntha Shukla]]
* [[Karyanand Sharma]]
* [[Thakur Jugal Kishore Sinha]]
* [[Satyendra Narayan Singh]]
* [[Ram Dulari Sinha]]
* [[Basawon Singh (Sinha)]]
* [[Yamuna Karjee]]
* [[Yogendra Shukla]]
* [[Sheel Bhadra Yagee]]
* [[Yadunandan Sharma]]
* [[Rambriksh Benipuri]]
* [[Ganga Sharan Singh (Sinha)]]
* [[Ram Narain Sharma]]
* [[Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi]]
* [[Radhanandan Jha]]
* [[Seewoosagur Ramgoolam]]
* [[Babu Amar Singh]]
* [[Shashi Prasad Singh]] (died 1942), General Secretary of Bhagalpur District Congress Committee and martyr of the [[Quit India Movement]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Indian Council of Historical Research |title=Dictionary of Martyrs: India's Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) |publisher=Ministry of Culture, Government of India |year=2018 |volume=4 |page=376}}</ref>

==Writers and scholars==
[[File:Satyapal chandra.jpg|thumb|[[Satyapal Chandra]] (noted author, entrepreneur)]]
[[File:Balmiki Prasad Singh.jpg|thumb|Balmiki Prasad Singh]]
* [[Caṇḍeśvara Ṭhakkura]]
*[[Prem Kumar Mani]]
* [[Syed Hasan (writer)|Syed Hasan]]
* [[Abdul Qavi Desnavi]]
* [[Swami Sahajanand Saraswati]]
* [[Ram Sharan Sharma]]
* [[Bibhutibhushan Mukhopadhyay]]
* [[Balmiki Prasad Singh]]
* [[Vidyapati]]
* [[Manoj Bhawuk]]
* [[Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar']]
* [[Ramavriksha Benipuri|Ramvriksh Benipuri]]
* [[Devaki Nandan Khatri]]
* [[Indradeep Sinha]]
* [[Ram Karan Sharma]]
* [[Satyapal Chandra]]
* [[Mahamahopadhyaya Pandit Ram Avatar Sharma]]
* [[Nalin Vilochan Sharma]]
* [[Ganganath Jha]]
* [[R. K. Sinha]]
* [[Ramjee Singh]]
* [[Tabish Khair]]
* [[Acharya Ramlochan Saran]]
* [[Gopal Singh Nepali]]
* [[Ramesh Chandra Jha]]
* [[Acharya Rameshwar Jha]]
* [[Nagarjun]]
* [[Acharya Shivpujan Sahay]]
* [[Chandeshwar Prasad Narayan Singh]]
* [[Amitava Kumar]]
* [[Sanjeev K Jha]]
* [[Hetukar Jha]]
* [[Phanishwar Nath Renu]]
* [[Ravindra Prabhat]]
* [[Gajendra Thakur]]
* [[Kapil Muni Tiwary]]
* [[Shiv Khera]]

==Journalists==
{{see also|Category:Journalists from Bihar}}
* [[Ajit Anjum]]
* [[M. J. Akbar]]
* [[Anuranjan Jha]]
* [[Ravish Kumar]]
* [[Ravindra Kishore Sinha]]
* [[Manoj Bhawuk]]
* [[Nivedita Jha]]
* [[Vikas Kumar Jha]]
* [[Arvind Narayan Das]]
* [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/toireporter/author-Amarendra-Jha-1169.cms Dr. Amarendra Jha]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Amarendra Jha: Read Latest News from Amarendra Jha |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/toireporter/author-Amarendra-Jha-1169.cms |access-date=2025-08-27 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

==Authors==

[[File:Statue of Maha Kavi Kokil Vidyapati.jpg|thumb|Statue of Maha Kavi Kokil Vidyapati]]
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Authors by Language
|-
! Language !! Authors
|-
| Hindi ||
* [[Bhikhari Thakur]]
* [[Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar']]
* [[Rambriksh Benipuri]]
* [[Gopal Singh Nepali]]
* [[Phanishwar Nath Renu]]
* [[Shankar Dayal Singh]]
* [[Ramesh Chandra Jha]]
* [[Sahajanand Saraswati]]
* [[Kalanath Mishra]]
* [[Nawal Kishore Dhawal]]
|-
| Maithili ||
* [[Vidyapati]]
* [[Nagarjun]]
|-
| Bhojpuri ||
* [[Avinash Chandra Vidyarthi]]
* [[Bhikhari Thakur]]
* [[Dharni Das]]
* [[Harihar Singh]]
* [[Heera Dom]]
* [[Mahendar Misir]]
* [[Manoranjan Prasad Sinha]]
* [[Manoj Bhawuk]]
* [[Parichay Das]]
* [[Ramesh Chandra Jha]]
* [[Rameshwar Singh Kashyap]]
* [[Raghuveer Narayan]]
|-
| Bengali ||
* [[Bibhutibhushan Mukhopadhyay]]
* [[Upamanyu Chatterjee]]
* [[Malay Roy Choudhury]]
|-
| English ||
* [[Ram Sharan Sharma]]
* [[Raj Kamal Jha]]
* [[Satyapal Chandra]]
* [[George Orwell]]
* [[Tabish Khair]]
|-
| Urdu ||
* [[Bismil Azimabadi]]
* [[Manazir Ahsan Gilani]]
* [[Fuzail Ahmad Nasiri]]
* [[Kalim Aajiz]]
* [[Hussain Ul Haque]]
* [[Mazhar Imam]]
* [[Sohail Azimabadi]]
* [[Shad Azimabadi]]
* [[Raza Naqvi Wahi]]
* [[Rashid-un-Nisa]]
* [[Mukhtaruddin Ahmad]]
|}
[[File:Bhikhari Thakur.jpg|thumb|Bhikari Thakur]]
[[File:Rajendra Prasad (Indian President), signed image for Walter Nash (NZ Prime Minister), 1958 (16017609534).jpg|thumb|Rajendra Prasad]]

== National and international award winners ==
[[File:The President, Shri Ram Nath Kovind presenting the Padma Bhushan Award to Dr. (Smt.) Sharda Sinha, at the Civil Investiture Ceremony-II, at Rashtrapati Bhavan, in New Delhi on April 02, 2018.jpg|thumb|The President, Shri Ram Nath Kovind presenting the Padma Bhushan Award to Dr. (Smt.) Sharda Sinha]]
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Award Winners
|-
! Award !! Winners
|-
| [[Bharat Ratna]] ||
* [[Bidhan Chandra Roy]]
* [[Rajendra Prasad]]
* [[Jayaprakash Narayan]]
* [[Bismillah Khan]]
|-
| [[Padma Bhushan]] ||
* Rashtrakavi [[Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar']]
* [[Acharya Shivpujan Sahay]]
* [[Bindeshwar Pathak]]
* [[Sharda Sinha]]
|-
| [[Padma Shree]] ||
* [[Ramchandra Manjhi]]
* [[Seyed Ehtesham Hasnain]]
* [[Mohan Mishra]]
* [[Narendra Kumar Pandey]]
* [[Janki Ballabh Shastri]]
* [[Sharda Sinha]]
* [[Chandreshwar Prasad Thakur]]
|-
| [[Jnanpith Award]] ||
* [[Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar']]
|-
| [[Ramon Magsaysay Award]] ||
* [[Ravish Kumar]]
* [[Jayaprakash Narayan]]
|-
| [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] ||
* [[Ashok Kumar]]
* [[Tapan Sinha]]
|}

==Military Gallantry Award winners==
[[File:Corporal Jyoti Prakash Nirala, Ashok Chakra, Indian Air Force.jpg|thumb|Jyoti Prakash Nirala, Ashok Chakra, Indian Air Force]]

===[[Param Vir Chakra]]===
* [[Albert Ekka]]

===[[Ashoka Chakra (military decoration)|Ashoka Chakra]]===
* [[Jyoti Prakash Nirala]]

==Holders of high constitutional offices==

===Presidents of India===
* [[Rajendra Prasad]], first President of India

===Presidents of other countries===
* [[Kailash Purryag]], former President of Mauritius
*[[Cheddi Jagan]], former president of [[Guyana]]

===Vice-Presidents of other countries===
* [[Parmanand Jha]], first vice-president of [[Nepal]]
[[File:Ram Vilas Paswan.jpg|thumb|Ramvilas Paswan]]

===Prime ministers of other countries===
[[File:Navin Ramgoolam Portrait 2014.jpg|thumb|Navinchandra Ramgoolam, former [[Prime Minister of Mauritius]] |317x317px]]

* [[Seewoosagur Ramgoolam]], first Prime Minister of Mauritius
* [[Navin Ramgoolam]], former Prime Minister of Mauritius
* [[Girija Prasad Koirala]], former Prime Minister of Nepal
* [[Basdeo Panday]], former Prime Minister of [[Trinidad and Tobago]]
* [[Kamla Persad-Bissessar]], former first female Prime Minister of [[Trinidad and Tobago]]

===Attorneys general of India===
* [[L.N. Sinha]]

===Advocate General of state of Bihar===
*[[Rambalak Mahto]], longest serving Advocate General of Bihar and legal advisor of [[Nitish Kumar]]
[[File:Mridula Sinha at Bharatpedia Satall in WHC 2018, Mauritius.jpg|thumb|Mridula Sinha|281x281px]]

===Governors of Indian states===
* [[Anant Sharma]], former Governor of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] and [[West Bengal]]
* [[Balmiki Prasad Singh]], current Governor of [[Sikkim]]
* [[Chandeshwar Prasad Narayan Singh]], former Governor of Punjab
* [[Dinesh Nandan Sahay]], former Governor of [[Chhattisgarh]]
* [[Kailashpati Mishra]], former Governor of [[Gujarat]]
* [[Lallan Prasad Singh]], former Governor of [[Assam]]
* [[Mridula Sinha]], current Governor of [[Goa]]
* [[Nikhil Kumar (governor)|Nikhil Kumar]], current Governor of [[Kerala]]
* [[Prabhat Kumar]], former Governor of [[Jharkhand]]
* [[Rameshwar Thakur]], former Governor of [[Madhya Pradesh]]
* [[Ram Dulari Sinha]], former Governor of [[Kerala]]
* [[Siddheshwar Prasad]], former Governor of [[Tripura]]
* [[Srinivas Kumar Sinha]], former Governor of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] and Assam

===Governor of Reserve Bank of India===
* [[Lakshmi Kant Jha]]

===Lieutenant governors of other states===
* [[Tejendra Khanna]]
* [[Nagendra Nath Jha]]
[[File:The Speaker, Lok Sabha, Smt. Meira Kumar in 2010.jpg|thumb|Smt. Meira Kumar|239x239px]]

===Speakers of Lok Sabha===
* [[Bali Ram Bhagat]]
* [[Meira Kumar]]
[[File:Justice Bhuvneshwar Prasad Sinha.jpg|thumb|Bhuvneshwar Prasad Sinha|167x167px]]

===Chief justices of India===
* [[Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha]]
* [[Lalit Mohan Sharma]]
[[File:Shri Krishna Singh 1988 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Shri Krishna Singh,First chief minister of Bihar]]
[[File:Gandhi in Bihar after the 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake.jpg|thumb|220x220px|Mahatma Gandhi in Bihar]]
[[File:Lalu Prasad Yadav addressing the EEC - 2006 (cropped).jpg|thumb|220x220px|Lalu Yadav]]
[[File:Karpoori Thakur 1991 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Karpoori Thakur]]
[[File:Ram Subhag Singh.jpg|thumb|Ram Subhag Singh]]
[[File:Bismillah Khan 2008 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Ustad Bismillah Khan]]

===Chief ministers===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #
! Name
! Took office
! Left office
! Political party
|-
| 1
| [[Sri Krishna Sinha|Shri Krishna Sinha]]
| 2 April 1946
| 31 January 1961
| [[File:1931 Flag of India.svg|30px]] [[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| 2
| [[Deep Narayan Singh]]
| 1 February 1961
| 18 February 1961
| [[File:1931 Flag of India.svg|30px]] Indian National Congress
|-
| 3
| [[Binodanand Jha]]
| 18 February 1961
| 2 October 1963
| [[File:1931 Flag of India.svg|30px]] Indian National Congress
|-
| 4
| [[K.B.Sahay|Krishana Ballabh Sahay]]
| 2 October 1963
| 5 March 1967
| [[File:1931 Flag of India.svg|30px]] Indian National Congress
|-
| 5
| [[Mahamaya Prasad Sinha]]
| 5 March 1967
| 28 January 1968
| Jana Kranti Dal
|-
| 6
| [[Satish Prasad Singh]]
| 28 January 1968
| 1 February 1968
| [[File:1931 Flag of India.svg|30px]] Indian National Congress
|-
| 7
| [[B. P. Mandal]]
| 1 February 1968
| 2 March 1968
| Shoshit Dal<ref>_ref(s)_
* {{cite book | last=Jaffrelot | first=Christophe | title=Religion, Caste, and Politics in India | publisher=Primus Books | date=2010 | isbn=978-93-80607-04-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Religion_Caste_and_Politics_in_India.html?id=XAO3i_gS61wC | page=464|quote=The lower castes may have lent themselves to manipulations by political entrepreneurs like B.P. Mandal, but greater caste consciousness also implied a stronger rejection of vertical arrangements and a growing solidarity between lower caste MLAs from different parties. These phenomena had become so pronounced that to topple the SVD government the Congress had no other choice but to support one of the Shoshit Dal leaders; thus in February 1968 B.P. Mandal became the first OBC chief minister of Bihar.}}
* {{cite book | last1=Jaffrelot | first1=Christophe | last2=Kumar | first2=Sanjay | title=Rise of the Plebeians?: The Changing Face of the Indian Legislative Assemblies | publisher=[[Routledge]] | date=2012 | isbn=978-1-136-51661-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Rise_of_the_Plebeians.html?id=tDN0MinxMigC |page=76|quote=...given the instability of the Samyukta Vidhayak Dal (SVD) due to coalition politics based on narrow political gains, the first non-Congress government fell in January 1968. Thus, a Congress-backed Shoshit Dal government was formed in February with Bindeshwari Prasad Mandal (a Yadav) as chief minister.}}
* {{cite book | last=Mohan | first=R. | title=India's Federal Setup: A Journey Through Seven Decades | publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] | date=2025 | isbn=978-1-04-034657-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books/about/India_s_Federal_Setup.html?id=5X9BEQAAQBAJ | page=50|quote=...B.P. Mandal (Heath Minister, resigned and defected with 16 legislators) formed a political party called the Shoshit Dal and was sworn in as Chief Minister with the support of the Congress.}}
</ref>
|-
| 8
| [[Bhola Paswan Shashtri]]
| 22 March 1968
| 29 June 1968
| [[Indian National Congress (Organisation)|Indian National Congress (O)]]
|-
|
| [[President's rule]]
| 29 June 1968
| 26 February 1969
|
|-
| 9
| [[Harihar Singh]]
| 26 February 1969
| 22 June 1969
| Indian National Congress
|-
| 10
| [[Bhola Paswan Shashtri]]
| 22 June 1969
| 4 July 1969
| Indian National Congress (O)
|-
|
| [[President's rule]]
| 6 July 1969
| 16 February 1970
|
|-
| 11
| [[Daroga Prasad Rai]]
| 16 February. 1970
| 22 December 1970
| Indian National Congress
|-
| 12
| [[Karpuri Thakur]]
| 22 December 1970
| 2 June 1971
| [[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|Socialist Party]]
|-
| 13
| [[Bhola Paswan Shashtri]]
| 2 June 1971
| 9 January 1972
| Indian National Congress
|-
|
| [[President's rule]]
| 9 January 1972
| 19 March 1972
|
|-
| 14
| [[Kedar Pandey]]
| 19 March 1972
| 2 July 1973
| Indian National Congress
|-
| 15
| [[Abdul Ghafoor (politician, born 1918)|Abdul Gafoor]]
| 2 July 1973
| 11 April 1975
| Indian National Congress
|-
| 16
| [[Jagannath Mishra]]
| 11 April 1975
| 30 April 1977
| Indian National Congress
|-
|
| [[President's rule]]
| 30 April 1977
| 24 June 1977
|
|-
| 17
| [[Karpuri Thakur]]
| 24 June 1977
| 21 April 1979
| [[Janata Party]]
|-
| 18
| [[Ram Sunder Das]]
| 21 April 1979
| 17 February 1980
| [[Janata Party]]
|-
|
| [[President's rule]]
| 17 February 1980
| 8 June 1980
|
|-
| 19
| [[Jagannath Mishra]]
| 8 June 1980
| 14 August 1983
| [[Indian National Congress (I)]]
|-
| 20
| [[Chandrashekhar Singh]]
| 14 August 1983
| 12 March 1985
| Indian National Congress (I)
|-
| 21
| [[Bindeshwari Dubey]]
| 12 March 1985
| 13 February 1988
| Indian National Congress (I)
|-
| 22
| [[Bhagwat Jha Azad]]
| 14 February 1988
| 10 March 1989
| Indian National Congress (I)
|-
| 23
| [[Satyendra Narayan Singh]]
| 11 March 1989
| 6 December 1989
| Indian National Congress (I)
|-
| 24
| [[Jagannath Mishra]]
| 6 December 1989
| 10 March 1990
| Indian National Congress (I)
|-
| 25
| [[Laloo Prasad Yadav]]
| 10 March 1990
| 3 March 1995
| [[File:Janata Dal symbol.svg|30px]] [[Janata Dal]]
|-
| 26
| [[Laloo Prasad Yadav]]
| 4 April 1995
| 25 July 1997
| [[File:Janata Dal symbol.svg|30px]] Janata Dal, [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
|-
| 27
| [[Rabri Devi]]
| 25 July 1997
| 11 February 1999
| [[File:RJD Flag.svg|30px]] Rashtriya Janata Dal
|-
| 28
| [[Rabri Devi]]
| 9 March 1999
| 2 March 2000
| [[File:RJD Flag.svg|30px]] Rashtriya Janata Dal
|-
| 29
| [[Nitish Kumar]]
| 3 March 2000
| 10 March 2000
| [[File:JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG|30px]] Janata Dal (United)
|-
| 30
| [[Rabri Devi]]
| 11 March 2000
| 6 March 2005
| [[File:RJD Flag.svg|30px]] Rashtriya Janata Dal
|-
|
| [[President's rule]]
| 7 March 2005
| 24 November 2005
|
|-
| 31
| [[Nitish Kumar]]
| 24 November 2005
| 24 November 2010
| [[File:JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG|30px]] Janata Dal (United)
|-
| 32
| [[Nitish Kumar]]
| 26 November 2010
| 17 May 2014<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/Bihar-chief-minister-Nitish-Kumar-resigns/articleshow/35260238.cms|title=Bihar chief minister Nitish Kumar resigns - Times of India ►|website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=10 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704194508/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/Bihar-chief-minister-Nitish-Kumar-resigns/articleshow/35260238.cms|archive-date=4 July 2017}}</ref>
| [[File:JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG|30px]] Janata Dal (United)
|-
| 33
| [[Jitan Ram Manjhi]]
| 20 May 2014
| 22 Feb 2015
| [[File:JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG|30px]] Janata Dal (United)
|-
| 34
| [[Nitish Kumar]]
| 22 Feb 2015<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Nitish-Kumar-takes-oath-as-Bihar-CM/articleshow/46332933.cms|title=Nitish Kumar takes oath as Bihar CM - Times of India ►|website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=10 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225004515/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Nitish-Kumar-takes-oath-as-Bihar-CM/articleshow/46332933.cms|archive-date=25 February 2015}}</ref>
| Present<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/cheat-sheet/nitish-kumar-takes-oath-as-bihar-chief-minister-mamata-banerjee-present-for-swearing-in-741500|title=Nitish Kumar Takes Oath as Bihar Chief Minister; Mamata Banerjee, Tarun Gogoi Attend Swearing In|access-date=10 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630164734/http://www.ndtv.com/cheat-sheet/nitish-kumar-takes-oath-as-bihar-chief-minister-mamata-banerjee-present-for-swearing-in-741500|archive-date=30 June 2017}}</ref>
| [[File:JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG|30px]] Janata Dal (United)
|}

===Deputy chief ministers===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #<ref>{{Cite web |title=BIHAR VIDHAN SABHA/ DY. CHIEF MINISTER |url=https://vidhansabha.bih.nic.in/dy_cm.html |access-date=2022-10-01 |website=vidhansabha.bih.nic.in}}</ref>
! Name
! Took office
! Left office
! Party
|-
| 1
| [[Anugrah Narayan Sinha]]
| 2 April 1946
| 5 July 1957
| | [[File:1931 Flag of India.svg|30px]] [[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| 2
| [[Karpoori Thakur]]
| 5 March 1967
| 31 January 1968
| [[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|Socialist Party]]
|-
|3
|[[Ram Jaipal Singh Yadav]]
|3 June 1971
|9 January 1972
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| 4
| [[Sushil Kumar Modi]]
| 24 Nov 2005
| 16 June 2013
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|5
|[[Tejashwi Yadav]]
|20 November 2015
|26 July 2017
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
|-
| 6
| [[Sushil Kumar Modi]]
| 27 July 2017
| 16 November 2020
| Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
| rowspan="2" |7
|[[Tarkishore Prasad]]
| rowspan="2" |16 November 2020
| rowspan="2" |9 August 2022
| rowspan="2" |Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|[[Renu Devi]]
|-
|8
|[[Tejashwi Yadav]]
|10 August 2022
|28 January 2024
|Rashtriya Janata Dal
|-
| rowspan="2" |9
|[[Vijay Kumar Sinha|Vijay Sinha]]
| rowspan="2" |28 January 2024
| rowspan="2" |''Incumbent''
| rowspan="2" |Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|[[Samrat Choudhary]]
|}

===Members of Lok Sabha===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-|-
!#
!Constituency
!Member of Parliament
!Political party
|-
|1
|[[Valmiki Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Valmiki Nagar]]
|[[Sunil Kumar (Lok Sabha member)|Sunil Kumar]]
|[[Janata Dal (United)]]
|-
|2
|[[Paschim Champaran (Lok Sabha constituency)|Paschim Champaran]]
|[[Sanjay Jaiswal]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|3
|[[Purvi Champaran (Lok Sabha constituency)|Purvi Champaran]]
|[[Radha Mohan Singh]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|4
|[[Sheohar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sheohar]]
|[[Rama Devi (Bihar politician)|Rama Devi]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|-
|5
|[[Sitamarhi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sitamarhi]]
|[[Sunil Kumar Pintu]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|-
|6
|[[Madhubani (Lok Sabha constituency)|Madhubani]]
|[[Ashok Kumar Yadav]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|7
|[[Jhanjharpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jhanjharpur]]
|[[Ramprit Mandal]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|8
|[[Supaul (Lok Sabha constituency)|Supaul]]
|[[Dileshwar Kamait]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|9
|[[Araria (Lok Sabha constituency)|Araria]]
|[[Pradeep Kumar Singh]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|-
|10
|[[Kishanganj (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kishanganj]]
|[[Mohammad Jawed]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|11
|[[Katihar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Katihar]]
|[[Dulal Chandra Goswami]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|12
|[[Purnia (Lok Sabha constituency)|Purnia]]
|[[Santosh Kumar (politician)|Santosh Kumar]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|13
|[[Madhepura (Lok Sabha constituency)|Madhepura]]
|[[Dinesh Chandra Yadav (Indian politician)|Dinesh Chandra Yadav]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|14
|[[Darbhanga (Lok Sabha constituency)|Darbhanga]]
|[[Gopal Jee Thakur]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|15
|[[Muzaffarpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Muzaffarpur]]
|[[Ajay Nishad]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|16
|[[Vaishali (Lok Sabha constituency)|Vaishali]]
|[[Veena Devi]]
|[[Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)]]
|-
|17
|[[Gopalganj (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gopalganj]]
|[[Alok Kumar Suman]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|18
|[[Siwan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Siwan]]
|[[Kavita Singh (politician)|Kavita Singh]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|19
|[[Maharajganj (Bihar) (Lok Sabha constituency)|Maharajganj]]
|[[Janardan Singh Sigriwal]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|20
|[[Saran (Lok Sabha constituency)|Saran]]
|[[Rajiv Pratap Rudy]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|21
|[[Hajipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hajipur]]
|[[Chirag Paswan]]
|[[Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)]]
|-
|22
|[[Ujiarpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ujiarpur]]
|[[Nityanand Rai]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|23
|[[Samastipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Samastipur]]
|[[Shambhavi Choudhary]]
|[[Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)]]
|-
|24
|[[Begusarai (Lok Sabha constituency)|Begusarai]]
|[[Giriraj Singh]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|25
|[[Khagaria (Lok Sabha constituency)|Khagaria]]
|Rajesh Verma
|[[Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)]]
|-
|26
|[[Bhagalpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bhagalpur]]
|[[Ajay Kumar Mandal]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|27
|[[Banka (Lok Sabha constituency)|Banka]]
|[[Giridhari Yadav]]
| Janata Dal (United)
|-
|28
|[[Munger (Lok Sabha constituency)|Munger]]
|[[Lalan Singh]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|29
|[[Nalanda (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nalanda]]
|[[Kaushalendra Kumar]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|30
|[[Patna Sahib (Lok Sabha constituency)|Patna Sahib]]
|[[Ravi Shankar Prasad]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|31
|[[Pataliputra (Lok Sabha constituency)|Pataliputra]]
|[[Ram Kripal Yadav]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|32
|[[Arrah (Lok Sabha constituency)|Arrah]]
|[[R. K. Singh|Raj Kumar Singh]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|33
|[[Buxar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Buxar]]
|[[Ashwini Kumar Choubey]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|34
|[[Sasaram (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sasaram]]
|[[Chhedi Paswan]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|35
|[[Karakat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Karakat]]
|[[Mahabali Singh]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|36
|[[Jahanabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jahanabad]]
|[[Chandeshwar Prasad]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|37
|[[Aurangabad (Bihar) (Lok Sabha constituency)|Aurangabad]]
|[[Sushil Kumar Singh (politician)|Sushil Kumar Singh]]
|Bharatiya Janata Party
|-
|38
|[[Gaya (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gaya]]
|[[Vijay Kumar Manjhi]]
|Janata Dal (United)
|-
|39
|[[Nawada (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nawada]]
|[[Vivek Thakur]]
|[[BJP]]
|-
|40
|[[Jamui (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jamui]]
|[[Arun Bharti]]
|[[Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)]]
|}
[[File:MR RAJO SINGH MEMBER OF THE PARLIAMENT OF BEGUSRAI.jpg|thumb|[[Rajo Singh]]]]
[[File:Nitish Kumar (cropped).JPG|thumb|276x276px|Nitish Kumar]]
[[File:Giriraj Singh delivering the valedictory address at the Conference of Development Institutes, Technology Centres and Tool Rooms under the Ministry of MSME, in New Delhi.JPG|thumb|217x217px|Giriraj Singh]]

===Members of Rajya Sabha (2022)===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #<ref>{{Citation |title=List of current members of the Rajya Sabha |date=2022-10-01 |url=https://en.Bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_current_members_of_the_Rajya_Sabha&oldid=1113394667 |work=Bharatpedia |language=en |access-date=2022-10-01}}</ref>!! Political party !! Member of Parliament
|-
| 1 || [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]|| [[Manoj Kumar Jha]]
|-
| 2 || [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]] || [[Misa Bharti]]
|-
| 3 || Rashtriya Janata Dal || Dr. Faiyaz Ahmad
|-
| 4 || Rashtriya Janata Dal || [[Prem Chand Gupta]]
|-
| 5 || Rashtriya Janata Dal || [[Amarendra Dhari Singh]]
|-
| 6 || Rashtriya Janata Dal || [[Ahmad Ashfaque Karim]]
|-
| 7 || [[Janata Dal (United)]]|| [[Harivansh Narayan Singh]]
|-
| 8 || Janata Dal (United) || [[Ram Nath Thakur]]
|-
| 9 || Janata Dal (United) || [[Khiru Mahto]]
|-
| 10 || Janata Dal (United) || [[Bashistha Narain Singh]]
|-
| 11 || Janata Dal (United) || [[Anil Hegde]]
|-
| 12 || [[Indian National Congress]]|| [[Akhilesh Prasad Singh]]
|-
| 13 || [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]|| [[Vivek Thakur]]
|-
| 14 || Bharatiya Janata Party || [[Sushil Kumar Modi]]
|-
| 15 || Bharatiya Janata Party || [[Shambhu Sharan Patel]]
|-
| 16 || Bharatiya Janata Party || [[Satish Chandra Dubey]]
|}

===Spokesperson===
* [[Syed Shahnawaz Hussain]] ([[Bharatiya Janata Party]])
* [[Ravi Shankar Prasad]] ([[Bharatiya Janata Party]])
* [[Shakeel Ahmad]] ([[Indian National Congress]])
* [[Rajiv Pratap Rudy]] ([[Bharatiya Janata Party]])
[[File:Jawaharlal Nehru with Jayaprakash Narayan.jpg|thumb|220x220px|Jayaprakash Narayan with Jawaharlal Nehru]]
[[File:Jagjivan Ram 1991 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Jagjivan Ram]]
[[File:Lalit Narayan Mishra 1976 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Lalit Narayan Mishra]]

==Politics==
{{main|List of politicians from Bihar}}
*[[Rati Lal Prasad Verma]]
*[[Ramdeo Mahto]]
*[[Ajit Kumar Mehta]]
*[[Chandradeo Prasad Verma]]
* [[Rajendra Prasad]]
* [[Jayaprakash Narayan]]
* [[Anugrah Narayan Sinha]]
* [[Sri Krishna Sinha]]
* [[Chandipat Sahay]]
* [[Jagjivan Ram]]
* [[Ram Subhag Singh]]
* [[B.P.Mandal]]
* [[Lalit Narayan Mishra]]
*[[Lalita Kumari]]
* [[Thakur Jugal Kishore Sinha]]
* [[Ram Dulari Sinha]]
* [[Shatrughan Prasad Singh]]
* [[Satyendra Narayan Singh]]
* [[Karpoori Thakur]]
* [[Daroga Prasad Rai]]
* [[Deep Narayan Singh]]
* [[Abdul Ghafoor (politician, born 1918)|Abdul Ghafoor]]
* [[Chandrashekhar Singh]]
* [[Gopal Jee Thakur]]
* [[Chirag Paswan]]
* [[Faz Husain]]
* [[Kailashpati Mishra]]
* [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]]
* [[Nitish Kumar]]
* [[Upendra Kushwaha]]
* [[Nikhil Kumar (governor)|Nikhil Kumar]]
* [[Indradeep Sinha]]
* [[Digvijay Narain Singh]]
* [[Kapildeo Singh]]
* [[Bidhu Jha]]
* [[Ravi Shankar Prasad]]
* [[Gauri Shankar Pandey]]
* [[Tarkeshwari Sinha]]
* [[Shyam Nandan Prasad Mishra]]
* [[Krishna Kumar Mishra]]
* [[Srinivas Kumar Sinha]]
* [[Yashwant Sinha]]
* [[Ravindra Kishore Sinha]]
* [[Prabhat Jha (politician)|Prabhat Jha]]
* [[Sanjay Nirupam]]
* [[Mohammad Yunus (Indian politician)|Mohammad Yunus]]
* [[Nawal Kishore Dhawal]]
* [[Ranjit Kumar Gupta]]
* [[Ram Kripal Sinha]]
* [[Veena Devi]]
* [[Ramgulam Chaudhary]]
* [[Jayant Sinha]]
*[[Kanhaiya Kumar]]
* [[Bali Ram Bhagat]]
* [[Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav]]
* [[Awadhesh Kumar Rai]]
* [[Ram Ratan Singh]]
* [[Vishwajeet Kumar (politician)]]

[[File:RLSY Potrait.jpg|thumb|Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav]]
[[File:B.R. Bhagat in a meeting (cropped).png|thumb|Bali Ram Bhagat]]
[[File:Ajay Devgn and Prakash Jha.jpg|thumb|Prakash Jha]]
[[File:Tapan Sinha 2013 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Tapan Sinha]]

==Entertainment==

===Film directors===
* [[Ajit Pal Mangat]]
* [[Imtiaz Ali (director)|Imtiaz Ali]]
* [[Kabeer Kaushik]]
* [[Manish Jha (director)|Manish Jha]]
* [[Manish Vatsalya]]
* [[Manjul Sinha]]
* [[Neeraj Pandey]]
* [[Prakash Jha]]
* [[Pritish Nandy]]
* [[Ram Gopal Bajaj]]
* [[Sanjeev K Jha]]
* [[Satyen Bose]]
* [[Sushil Rajpal]]
* [[Tapan Sinha]]
[[File:Sushant sr Manish M B'day bash.jpg|thumb|Sushant Singh Rajput]]
[[File:Shatrughan Sinha 00451.JPG|thumb|209x209px|Shatrughan Sinha]]
[[File:Manoj Bajpayee at a promotional for Aiyaary.jpg|thumb|258x258px|Manoj Bajpayee]]
[[File:Screenwriter_Sanjeev_K_Jha.jpg|thumb|258x258px|Sanjeev K Jha]]
[[File:Pankaj Tripathi World Premiere Newton Zoopalast Berlinale 2017 06.jpg|thumb|274x274px|Pankaj Tripathi]]

===Actors===
* [[Aham Sharma]]
* [[Manish Vatsalya]]
* [[Sushant Singh Rajput]]
* [[Roshan Seth]]
* [[Ashok Kumar]]
* [[Shatrughan Sinha]]
* [[Manoj Bajpai]]
* [[Manoj Bhawuk]]
* [[Akhilendra Mishra]]
* [[Abhimanyu Singh]]
* [[Adhyayan Suman]]
* [[Luv Sinha]]
* [[Pankaj Tripathi]]
* [[Shekhar Suman]]
* [[Sanjay Mishra (actor)|Sanjay Mishra]]
* [[Vinay Pathak]]
* [[Gurmeet Choudhary]]
* [[Vineet Kumar]]
* [[Narendra jha]]
* [[Rajesh Kumar (actor)]]
* [[Manoj Tiwari (Delhi politician)|Manoj Tiwari]]
* [[Pankaj Jha]]
* [[Dinesh Sharma (actor)|Dinesh Sharma]]
* [[R. Madhavan]]
* [[Vishal Aditya Singh]]
* [[Chandrachur Singh]]
* [[Alok Nath]]
* [[Khesari Lal Yadav]]
* [[Lilliput (actor)|Lilliput]]
* [[Zeishan Quadri]]
[[File:Sriti Jha zt Zee-Rishtey-Awards 2018.jpg|thumb|298x298px|Sriti Jha]]
[[File:Suhasini Mulay graces the screening of Sonata.jpg|thumb|277x277px|Suhasini Mulay]]
[[File:Sonakshi Sinha at the trailer launch of her film 'Mission Mangal'.jpg|thumb|217x217px|Sonakshi Sinha]]

===Actresses===
* [[Aisha Sharma]]
* [[Pooja Sharma (Indian actress)|Pooja Sharma]]
* [[Prachi Sinha]]
* [[Neha Sharma]]
* [[Sandali Sinha]]
* [[Shilpa Shukla]]
* [[Neetu Chandra]]
* [[Swati Sen]]
* [[Kaveri Jha]]
* [[Neelima Azeem]]
* [[Amardeep Jha]]
* [[Suhasini Mulay]]
* [[Shilpa Singh]]
* [[Shreya Narayan]]
* [[Anurita Jha]]
* [[Rati Pandey]]
* [[Ratan Rajput]]
* [[Sriti Jha]]
* [[Richa Soni]]
* [[Ulka Gupta]]
* [[Chhavi Pandey]]
* [[Shweta Prasad]]
* [[Sonakshi Sinha]]
*[[Aishwarya Sushmita]]
* [[Kumkum (actress)|Kumkum]]
[[File:Daler Mehndi.jpg|thumb|292x292px|Daler Mehndi]]
[[File:Manoj Tiwari.jpg|thumb|Manoj Tiwari]]
[[File:KLY1.jpg|thumb|Khesari performing in a stage show]]

===Singers===
* [[Daler Mehndi]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/music/i-m-proud-to-be-from-bihar-daler-mehndi/article1-1033035.aspx |title=I'm proud to be from Bihar: Daler Mehndi - Hindustan Times |website=www.hindustantimes.com |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921004213/http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/music/i-m-proud-to-be-from-bihar-daler-mehndi/article1-1033035.aspx |archive-date=21 September 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Kiran Ahluwalia]]
* [[Sundar Popo]]
* [[Sharda Sinha]]
* [[Manoj Tiwari (Delhi politician)|Manoj Tiwari]]
* [[Pawan Singh]]
* [[Khesari Lal Yadav]]
* [[Nilkamal Singh]]
* [[Aishwarya Nigam]]
* [[Parmanand Singh]]
* [[Maithili Thakur]]
* [[Ritviz |Ritviz Srivastava (Ritviz)]]

===Music directors===
* [[Chitragupta (composer)|Chitragupta]]
* [[Anand–Milind]]
* [[Bapi Tutul]]
* [[Ramashreya Jha]]
* [[Norman Hackforth]]

==Arts==
* [[Vidyapati]]
* [[Nagarjun]]
* [[Ramdhari Singh Dinkar]]
* [[Ramesh Chandra Jha]]
* [[Bismillah Khan]]
* [[Chandan Tiwari]]
* [[Bhikhari Thakur]]
* [[Jaydeva]]
* [[Jyotirishwar Thakur]]
* [[Srimanta Sankardeva]]
* [[Govindadas]]
* [[Acharya Ramlochan Saran]]
* [[Baldev Mishra]]
* [[Surendra Jha 'Suman']]
* [[Radha Krishna Choudhary]]
* [[Jaykant Mishra]]
* [[Rajkamal Chaudhary]]
* [[Parichay Das]]
* [[Gajendra Thakur]]
* [[Bindhyabasini Devi]]
[[File:PRSarkar GentlemanPhoto 3.jpg|thumb|Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar]]

==Religion==
* [[Dharni Das]]
* [[Dhyanyogi Madhusudandas]]
* [[Dhirendra Brahmachari]]
* [[Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar]]
* [[Sahadeo Tiwari]]
* [[Sa'id Akhtar Rizvi]]
* [[Shams-ul-haq Azeemabadi]]
* [[Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi]]
* [[Syed Ibrahim]]
* [[Tenzin Priyadarshi]]
* [[Fuzail Ahmad Nasiri]]

[[File:AnandKumarJI1.jpg|thumb|Anand Kumar]]

==Mathematics and science==
* [[Amalendu Krishna]]
* [[Anand Kumar]]
* [[H. C. Verma]]
* [[Rajit Gadh]]
* [[Vashishtha Narayan Singh]]
* [[Tathagat Avatar Tulsi]]
[[File:Sharad Kumar, Asian para games.jpg|thumb|Sharad Kumar]]

==Doctors==
* [[Vinay Kumar (psychiatrist)]]

==Sports==
* [[Saba Karim]]
* [[Kirti Azad]]
* [[Kaiser Rehan]] - [[Taekwondo|Taekwondo Player]]
* [[Subroto Banerjee]]
* [[Shivnath Singh]]
* [[Thomas Jameson (cricketer, born 1908)|Thomas Jameson]]
* [[Zafar Iqbal (field hockey)|Zafar Iqbal]]
* [[Rashmi Kumari]]
* [[Rajesh Chauhan]]
* [[Kavita Roy]]
* [[Veer Pratap Singh]]
* [[Ishan Kishan]]
* [[Deepika Kumari]]
* [[Purnima Mahato]]
* [[Randhir Singh (cricketer)|Randhir Singh]]
* [[Premlata Agarwal]]
* [[Sanjay Balmuchu]]
* [[Aruna Mishra]]
* [[Jaipal Singh]]
* [[Sharad Kumar (athlete)|Sharad Kumar]]
* [[Pramod Bhagat]]

==Bureaucracy==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Bureaucracy
|-
! Service !! Notable Figures
|-
| [[Indian Civil Service]] ||
* [[Lallan Prasad Singh|L.P. Singh]]
* [[Sir Sultan Ahmed]]
* [[Harnandan Prasad]]
|-
| [[Indian Administrative Service]] ||
* [[Amir Subhani]]
* [[Balmiki Prasad Singh]]
* [[N. K. Singh]]
* [[Pankaj Rag]]
* [[R. K. Singh]]
* [[U. K. Sinha]]
* [[Upamanyu Chatterjee]]
* [[Yashwant Sinha]] [[File:Yashwant Sinha IMF.jpg|thumb|Yashwant Sinha]]
|-
| [[Indian Foreign Service]] ||
* [[Aftab Seth]]
|-
| [[Indian Police Service]] ||
* [[Abhayanand]]
* [[J. K. Sinha]]
* [[Chandan Kushwaha]]
* [[Lipi Singh]]
* [[Nikhil Kumar (governor)|Nikhil Kumar]]
* [[Acharya Kishore Kunal]]
* [[Randhir Prasad Verma]]
* [[Quaiser Khalid]]
* [[Amitabh Thakur]]
* [[Ranjit Sinha]]
* [[Anil Sinha]]
* [[Javeed Ahmad]]
|}

[[File:Anil Agarwal at 2017 FICCI - IIFA Global Business Forum 02.jpg|thumb|Anil Agarwal (industrialist)]]

==Business==
* [[Anil Agarwal (businessman)|Anil Agarwal]], founder and Executive Chairman of [[Vedanta Resources|Vedanta Group]]
* [[Arunabh Kumar]], CEO of [[The Viral Fever|TVF]]
* [[Ravindra Kishore Sinha]], Founder of [[Security And Intelligence Services (India)|Security Intelligence Service]]
* [[Sanjay Jha (businessman)|Sanjay Jha]]
* [[Subrata Roy]], founder of [[Sahara India Pariwar|Sahara Group]]
* [[Samprada Singh]]
* [[Satyapal Chandra]], founder and CEO of MagTapp
* [[Mahendra Prasad]], Aristo Pharmaceuticals Founder

==Others==
* [[Anand Kumar]]
* [[Anil Kumar]]
* [[Dashrath Manjhi]]
* [[Ganesh Dutt]]
* [[Gurusharan Sharma]]
* [[Khan Sir]]
* [[Prem Singh (Bihar)]], Gold Man of Bihar
* [[Malati Choudhury]]
* [[Maṇḍana Miśra]]
* [[Martha Dodray]]
* [[Mona Das]]
* [[Natwarlal]]
* [[Nirupama Pandey]]
* [[Pranati Rai Prakash]]
* [[Shaibal Gupta]]
* [[Shilpa Singh]]
* [[Shyamanand Jalan]]
* [[Subhav Sinha]]
* [[Sudhir Kumar Chaudhary]]
* [[Supriya Aiman]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Bihar-related lists|People]]
[[Category:Lists of Indian people by state or union territory|Bihar]]
[[Category:People from Bihar]]

Varun Joshi

2026-03-15T08:44:04Z

Narayanacancercentre: created details

{{Short description|Indian television actor (born 1996)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Varun Joshi
| image = File:Actor Varun Joshi.jpg
| image_upright =
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1996|05|20|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Lucknow]], India
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor}}
| known for = ''[[Kumkum Bhagya]]'', ''[[Yeh Hai Mohabbatein]]'' , ''[[Shrimad Bhagwat Mahapuran]]'' , ''[[Vighnaharta Ganesh]]''
| years_active = 2018–present
| father = Deepak Raj Joshi
| mother = Santosh Joshi
}}

'''Varun Joshi''' (born 20 May 1996) is an Indian actor and model known for ''[[Yeh Hai Mohabbatein]]'', ''[[Kumkum Bhagya]]'', ''[[Vighnaharta Ganesh]]'', [[Shrimad Bhagwat Mahapuran]], [[Kundali Bhagya]] and [[Bepannah]]. Varun Joshi has made notable contributions to the film industry. He played a significant role as the second lead in the movie "Raebareli" and portrayed the main villain in "Pyara Kulhad" alongside [[Gulshan Grover]]. Additionally, he showcased his talent as a negative lead, Dhundhkari in the series [[Vighnaharta Ganesh]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=I have fond memories of bunking college with my friends in Hazratganj: Varun Joshi|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/tv/hindi/i-have-fond-memories-of-bunking-college-with-my-friends-in-hazratganj-varun-joshi/videoshow/76729761.cms |access-date=2020-07-01 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Varun Joshi gave up engineering to pursue acting dream
|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/varun-joshi-gave-up-engineering-to-pursue-acting-dream/articleshow/91818105.cms |access-date=2022-05-26 |website=The Times of India |date=26 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

==Early life and career==
Born and raised in [[Lucknow]], Joshi pursued further education at St. Paul's College and Kendriya Vidyalaya, [[Indira Nagar, Lucknow|Indira Nagar]], before embarking on his engineering studies at Azad Institute of Engineering and Technology.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jo dil se nikalta hai vo acting hai: Varun |url=https://epaper.hindustantimes.com/Home/ShareArticle?OrgId=ce4fcb8e&imageview=0 |access-date=2019-12-19 |website=hindustantimes.com |language=en}}</ref>

He received his early education from St. Paul's School Lucknow. He was also a Software Engineer and work with a prestigious multinational corporations including [[HCLTech|HCL]], [[Dell]], [[Mindtree]], and [[Tech Mahindra]].
Varun Joshi, known for his portrayal of Manish in the popular television drama [[Yeh Hai Mohabbatein]] on [[StarPlus]], and in the mythological daily soap [[Vighnaharta Ganesh]] on [[Sony Entertainment Television]].
He earned recognition as the runner-up in the Mr. Delhi 2017 competition and also clinched the runner-up title in the ''Mr. North India'' 2017 contest.<ref>{{Cite web |title=And dream come true of an ordinary boy of Lucknow rising star Varun Joshi rose to fame |url=https://beebliss.in/home/news_description/128/and-dream-come-true-of-an-ordinary-boy-of-Lucknow-rising-star-Varun-Joshi-rose-to-fame |access-date=2021-03-18 |website=beebliss.in |language=en}}</ref>

Joshi's journey to acting started with his appearance in the TV serial [[Bepannah]], starring [[Jennifer Winget]] and [[Harshad Chopda]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Actor Varun Joshi Arrives In Radio Program 'Maharani', Big Statement People Are Addicted To Drugs Even In Bollywood |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/haryana/news/tv-actor-varun-joshi-arrives-in-radio-program-maharani-big-statement-people-are-addicted-to-drugs-even-in-bollywood-128234993.html |access-date=2022-07-07 |website=bhaskar.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=समलैंगिक चरित्र का किरदार निभाकर खुश हैं अभिनेता वरुण जोशी|url=https://www.bhaskarhindi.com/entertainment/news/actor-varun-joshi-happy-to-play-gay-character-374120?infinitescroll=1|access-date=2022-05-31 |website=bhaskarhindi.com | date=31 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Television Serials
|-
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Channel Name !! Production House
|-
| rowspan="2"|2018 || [[Bepannah]]|| Dance Choreographer<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-06-04 |title=Varun Joshi: I was never out of work, but I've got typecast & that's the problem with doing TV shows |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/varun-joshi-i-was-never-out-of-work-but-ive-got-typecast-thats-the-problem-with-doing-tv-shows/articleshow/92001057.cms |access-date=2023-07-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>|| [[Colors TV]]|| [[Cinevistaas Limited]]
|-
|[[Roop - Mard Ka Naya Swaroop]] ||Dance Instructor|| [[Colors TV]] ||Rashmi Sharma Telefilms Limited
|-
| rowspan="4"|2019 || [[Kumkum Bhagya]]|| Raja<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive! Kumkum Bhagya actor Varun Joshi roped in for movie Raebareli directed by Abhishek Chaddha|url=https://www.tellychakkar.com/movie/movie-news/exclusive-kumkum-bhagya-actor-varun-joshi-roped-movie-raebareli-directed-abhishek |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=Tellychakkar.com |language=en}}</ref> || [[Zee TV]]|| [[Balaji Telefilms]]
|-
| [[Kundali Bhagya]]|| Danny<ref>{{Cite news |title=Varun Joshi in Zee TV's Kundali Bhagya |url=http://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/varun-joshi-zee-tv-s-kundali-bhagya-190928 |access-date=2023-07-07 |website=Tellychakkar.com |language=en}}</ref>|| [[Zee TV]]|| [[Balaji Telefilms]]
|-
| [[Shrimad Bhagwat Mahapuran]] ||Vasuki Naag|| [[Colors TV]]|| [[Saffron Productions]]
|-
| [[Yeh Hai Mohabbatein]] ||Manish<ref>{{Cite web |title=The song 'Deva Shri Ganesha' makes me upbeat and charged up: Varun Joshi|url=https://www.iwmbuzz.com/music/celebrities-music/the-song-deva-shri-ganesha-makes-me-upbeat-and-charged-up-varun-joshi/2022/06/14 |access-date=2022-06-14 |website=iwmbuzz.com |language=en}}</ref>|| [[And TV|StarPlus]]|| [[Balaji Telefilms]]
|-

|-
| rowspan="1"|2021 ||[[Vighnaharta Ganesh]]|| Dhundhkari<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kundali Bhagya fame Varun Joshi and Aabira Bhattacharya to enter Sony TV's Vighnaharta Ganesha |url=http://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/kundali-bhagya-fame-varun-joshi-and-aabira-bhattacharya-enter-sony-tv-s-vighnaharta |access-date=2023-07-07 |website=Tellychakkar.com |language=en}}</ref> || [[Sony Entertainment Television]] || [[Contiloe Pictures]]
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Webseries
|-
! Year !! Title !! Production House !! Role !! OTT Platform
|-
| 2018 || Dubey ji and the Boys<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive! Varun Joshi roped in for an action thriller web series titled "Kharoch"|url=https://m.tellychakkar.com/digital/exclusive-varun-joshi-roped-action-thriller-web-series-titled-kharoch-211207|access-date=2021-07-12 |website=Tellychakkar.com |language=en}}</ref>|| Dreamzz Images Studio || Harpreet || [[Ullu]]

|-
| rowspan="1"|2021 ||[[The Tattoo murders]]<ref>{{Cite web |title='The Tattoo Murders' review: Meera Chopra breathes life into this hit-or-miss cop-thriller |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/movie-reviews/report-the-tattoo-murders-review-meera-chopra-breathes-life-into-this-hit-or-miss-cop-thriller-2886086 |access-date=2023-07-07 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Varun Joshi joins the cast of Amazon Prime's Kamathipura |url=https://www.iwmbuzz.com/digital/news-digital/varun-joshi-joins-cast-amazon-primes-kamathipura/2019/11/11 |access-date=2019-11-11 |website=iwmbuzz.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kundali Bhagya Fame Varun Joshi Joins Tanuj Virwani In Amazon Prime's Kamathipura|url=https://www.indiaforums.com/article/kundali-bhagya-fame-varun-joshi-joins-tanuj-virwani-in-amazon-primes-kamathipura_156878 |access-date=2019-11-19 |website=indiaforums.com |language=en}}</ref>
|| Vision Movie Makers || Shailesh Parmar || [[MX Player]]
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Films
|-
! Year !! Name !! Production House !! Role !! Ref.
|-
| 2022 || Raebareli || G Media and Film Production || Bunty ||<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-05-30 |title=Varun Joshi: After being typecast for negative roles on TV, Bollywood helping me play positive role |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/varun-joshi-after-being-typecast-for-negative-roles-on-tv-bollywood-helping-me-play-positive-role/articleshow/91898781.cms |access-date=2023-07-07 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"|2023 || Pyara Kulhad || P.R. Shree Films || Ravi Khanna ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive! Vighnaharta Ganesha actor Varun Joshi roped in for Pyaara Kulhad |url=http://www.tellychakkar.com/movie/movie-news/exclusive-vighnaharta-ganesha-actor-varun-joshi-roped-pyaara-kulhad-220623 |access-date=2023-07-07 |website=Tellychakkar.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Shashank|| N/A || Charan Gauhar 'A Gay'||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Varun Joshi Excited About Playing A Gay Character In 'Shashank': "I'm Seriously Against The Theory Of Showing Them As Comic Characters|url=https://www.koimoi.com/television/varun-joshi-excited-about-playing-a-gay-character-in-shashank-im-seriously-against-the-theory-of-showing-them-as-comic-characters/ |access-date=2022-06-01 |website=koimoi.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive: Yeh Hai Mohabbatein actor Varun Joshi roped in for the movie Shashank |url=https://m.tellychakkar.com/movie/movie-news/exclusive-yeh-hai-mohabbatein-actor-varun-joshi-roped-the-movie-shashank-211207 |access-date=2021-07-12 |website=Tellychakkar.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Varun Joshi excited and proud to play a gay character onscreen
|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/varun-joshi-excited-and-proud-to-play-a-gay-character-onscreen/articleshow/91918270.cms |access-date=2022-05-31 |website=The Times of India |date=31 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Actor Varun Joshi is happy playing a gay character|url=https://www.m.khaskhabar.com/news/bollywood-news-varun-joshi-excited-about-playing-gay-character-in-upcoming-movie-shashank-news-hindi-1-516461-KKN.html |access-date=2022-06-01 |website=khaskhabar.com |date=June 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Music Videos
|-
! Year !! Song name !! Music label !! Ref.
|-
| 2022 || TANHA|| Dolly digital||
|-
| rowspan="3"| 2023 || Jeeya|| Sonotek Punjabi ||
|-
| Raja || ||
|-
| Teri Gali Se ||HeartBeatz Music Company ||
|-
| 2024 ||Jaane Jigar
|| [[MX Player]]||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Teaser of Vipin Agnihotri's music video "Jaane Jigar" goes viral, wins hearts |url=https://firstindia.co.in/news/delhi/teaser-of-vipin-agnihotris-music-video-jaane-jigar-goes-viral-wins-hearts |access-date=2023-02-14 |website=firstindia.co.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The award-winning writer and film director Vipin Agnihotri's upcoming music video "Jaane Jigar" is winning the hearts of the audience even before its release with over 5 million views on Instagram |url=https://www.ahmedabadmirror.com/teaser-of-vipin-agnihotris-music-video-jaane-jigar-goes-viral-wins-hearts/81851394.html |access-date=2023-02-14 |website=ahmedabadmirror.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jaane Jigar Video Song
|url=https://www.hungama.com/video/jaane-jigar/104886998/ |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=hungama.com |language=en}}</ref>

|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|nm10885665}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Joshi, Varun}}
[[Category:1996 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Jotana

2026-03-07T23:07:31Z

Narayanacancercentre: starting some post from scratch

{{Short description|Village in Mehsana district, Gujarat}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jotana
| native_name = જોટાણા
| native_name_lang = Gujrati
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Village]]
| image_skyline =
File:Bus Stand Jotana.jpg
| image_alt = Bus Stand, Jotana
| image_caption = Bus Stand, Jotana
| map_alt = to
| pushpin_map = India Gujarat#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Gujarat
| pushpin_relief = yes
| coordinates = {{coord|23.4711587|N|72.2934186|E|region:IN-GJ{{IndAbbr|[[Bihar]]}}|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{Flagicon image|Flag of Gujarat.svg|size=23px}} [[Gujarat]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mehsana district]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of regions of India|Region]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[North Gujarat]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Local Government
| governing_body = [[Panchayati Raj]]
| leader_title = [[Gram Panchayat|Panchayat]]
| leader_name = Jotana<ref>{{cite web |title=Village & Panchayats {{!}} District Mahesana, Government of Gujarat {{!}} India |url=https://mahesana.nic.in/document/village-panchayats/ |website=mahesana.nic.in|access-date=26 June 2025}}</ref>
| leader_title1 = [[Mukhi]]ya
| leader_name1 = ...
| leader_title2 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituency]]
| leader_name2 = [[Mahesana Lok Sabha constituency]]
| leader_title3 = Assembly seat
| leader_name3 = [[Bechraji Assembly constituency]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =<ref name="Jotana Area">{{Cite web |title=Area of Jotana Village|url=https://villagedatabase.com/village-info/india/gujarat/mahesana/mahesana/jotana#gsc.tab=0 |access-date=2025-05-21 |website=villagedatabase.com}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 932
| elevation_footnotes =<ref name="Jotana Elevation">{{Cite web |title=Sea Level of Jotana Village|url=https://www.localguidesconnect.com/t/accessible-gujrat-jotana-railway-station/469230 |access-date=2025-05-06 |website=localguidesconnect.com|date=18 January 2025 }}</ref>
| elevation_m = 70.82
| population_total = 7118
| population_as_of = 2,011 Census
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =<ref name="Population of Jotana Village">{{Cite web |title=Population of Jotana Village|url=https://www.censusindia2011.com/gujarat/mahesana/mahesana/jotana-population.html |access-date=2025-05-01 |website=censusindia2011.com}}</ref>
|demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Gujarati people|Gujrati]] & [[English language|English]]
| demographics_type2 = Demographics
| demographics2_title2 = [[Literacy in Bihar|Literacy]]<ref name="Population of Jotana Village" />
| demographics2_info2 = 71.19%
| demographics2_title3 = Sex ratio
| demographics2_info3 = 955 (Males: 577 - 51.15%, Females: 551 - 48.85%)
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 384421
| registration_plate = [[List of Regional Transport Office districts in India#GJ—Gujrat|GJ02]]
| blank1_name_sec1 =
| blank1_info_sec1 =
| blank2_name_sec1 =
| blank2_info_sec1 =
| website = {{URL|https://mahesana.nic.in/document/village-panchayats/|mahesana.nic.in/village-panchayats}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-GJ]]
| footnotes =Reference<ref name="Story of Jotana Village">{{Cite web |title=Story of Jotana Village|url=https://www.localguidesconnect.com/t/story-of-jotana-village-gujarat/470258 |access-date=2025-05-01 |website=localguidesconnect.com|date=11 February 2025 }}</ref>
}}

'''Jotana''' is a [[taluka]] located near State Highway 216 in [[Mehsana district]] of the [[India|Indian]] state of [[Gujarat]]. It's situated about 21 kilometers south of the Mehsana district headquarters.<ref>{{cite web |title=Maps of Jotana Village |url=https://revenuedepartment.gujarat.gov.in/downloads/mahesana_jotana.pdf |website=Revenue Department, Govt of Gujarat |access-date=26 June 2025}}</ref>

==Demographics==
The [[2011 Census of India]] recorded the population of Jotana<ref>{{cite web |title=District Handbook - Census India 2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/376/download/1152/DH_2011_2404_PART_A_DCHB_MAHESANA.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=30 June 2025}}</ref> village as 7118, including 3748 males, 3370 females, 190 children (0 to 6 years) and 220 children (6 to 18 years) spread across 1550 households. The village has the total literate population of 5041 (71.19%), with 2924 literate males and 2117 literate females.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/api/tables/data/2011/PC11_PCA-TV/255?_source=dt&labels=indicator&state=24&district=471&subdistrict=3757&town_village=509527&geo_level=4&format=csv |title= Population Data of Jotana Village - Census of India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher= |access-date=30 June 2025}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Civil Court Jotana.jpg|Civil Court, Jotana|thumb]]
According to the [[Government of India|government records]],<ref name="eGramSwaraj">{{Cite web |title=Know Your Panchayat - Jotana|url=https://egramswaraj.gov.in/knowYourPanchayat.do |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=egramswaraj.gov.in}}</ref> the village code of Jotana is 509527. The village has 1550 houses. Agriculture is the main profession of this village. The total geographical area of village is 931.87 hectares.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jotana Village - Geolysis |url=https://geolysis.com/p/in/gj/mahesana/jotana/jotana |website=Geolysis.com |access-date=30 June 2025}}</ref>

==Administration==
[[File:Jotana Gram Panchayat.jpg|thumb|Panchayat Office, Jotana]]
Jotana is geographically located within the
[[Mehsana district|Mehsana]] district in the state of [[Gujarat]], India. Jotana itself a panchayat, subdivision and block.<ref name="eGramSwaraj" />

== Education ==
[[File:Sri Kanki Kanya Vidhyalaya Jotana.jpg|thumb|Sri Kanki Kanya Vidhyalaya, Jotana.]]
Jotana has primary schools, secondary school, Shree Janki Kanya Vidhyalay for girls founded in 1987 or Shri Ram Sarva Vidhalaya for boys founded in 1958, which run by Shri Jotana Kelavani Mandal and notable educational institutions like Dr. Natubhai P. Patel Polytechnic (established in 2014) and Dr. N. P. Patel ITI, Jotana (founded in 2007). Shree Ram Sarva Vidyalaya (6 to 8) was established in 1955.<ref name="facilities joatana">{{cite web |title=Facilities in Jotana Village |url=https://www.localguidesconnect.com/t/story-of-jotana-village-gujarat/470258 |website=Local Guides Connect |access-date=26 June 2025 |location=Joatana |language=en |date=4 February 2025}}</ref>

== Villages in Jotana Panchayat ==
Here is the list of Villages in Jotana Panchayat, Mehsana, Gujarat.<ref>{{cite web |title=Full list of villages of Jotana block in Mahesana district |url=https://www.viewvillage.in/villages-of-block/jotana-7118 |website=www.viewvillage.in |access-date=26 June 2025}}</ref>

{{div col|colwidth=20em|rules=yes|small=no}}

# Ajabpura
# Alampur
# Balsasan
# Bhatariya
# Bhatasan
# Chalasan
# Chhalesra
# Dhanali
# Dhandhalpur
# Dhanpura
# Dholasan
# Digdi
# Gokalpura
# Harsundal
# Ijpura Jethaji
# Jakasna
# Jotana
# Kanpura
# Aasalpura
# Katosan
# Khadalpur
# Manknaj
# Martoli
# Memadpur Modipur
# Moyan
# Mudarda
# Rampura (katosan)
# Ranipura
# Santhal
# Sidosan
# Suraj
# Tejpura
# Telavi
# Virsoda

{{div col end}}

==ONGC Jotana==
[[File:GGS-1 ONGC Jotana.jpg|thumb|This is the front gate of GGS-1 [[ONGC]] Jotana, [[Mehsana]] assets.]]
[[Oil and Natural Gas Corporation]] (ONGC) has a Group Gathering Station ('''GGS-1''') in Jotana, [[Gujarat]], as part of its [[Mehsana district|Mehsana Asset]]. The Mehsana Asset is one of ONGC's major onshore assets, with more than 26 oil and gas fields across the region.<ref>{{cite web |title=PREFEASIBILITY REPORT FOR PROPOSED PROJECT |url=https://gpcb.gujarat.gov.in/ViewFile?fileName=0hAct40%E2%9C%A4%E2%9C%A41pLVjiNIiObBhFyR44e3fbT37%E2%9C%BF2NbBOZb9lO1mgRfwLyxQo4wfNNnERGhdHMewDyZ9nWF%E2%9C%BF83Bbqc74S8SWgRgsE1T5vNvdMyM5ufRjluyuk05bGjGe4nqVOvL39P6FXZ%E2%9C%BFw5tEVs2FjZHg%E2%99%AC%E2%99%AC#:~:text=The%20major%20oil%20fields%20of,a%20period%20of%206%20years. |website=gpcb.gujarat.gov.in |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Jotana is designated as Area-III within the asset's administrative and development structure.<ref>{{cite web |title=મહેસાણાઃ જોટાણા નજીક ઓઈલ તળાવમાં ભળ્યું, ONGCની લાઈનમાં ભંગાણ પડતા લીકેજ થયું, જુઓ વીડિયો |url=https://tv9gujarati.com/videos/gujarat-videos/suraj-village-near-jotana-in-mehsana-leaking-oil-from-ongc-line-into-the-pond-1060160.html |website=TV9 Gujarati |language=gu |date=17 July 2024}}</ref> This facility is crucial for collecting and processing hydrocarbons from the surrounding [[Oil well|oil and gas fields]] in the [[Cambay State|North Cambay]] [[Drainage basin|basin]] ([[Gulf of Khambhat|Gulf of Cambay]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=Petrophysical Features of Linch Pay from Jotana & Linch Field of Mehsana Block, North Cambay Basin |url=https://spgindia.org/conference/6thconf_kolkata06/088.pdf |website=spgindia.org |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Kadi, India|Kadi]]
* [[Vijapur]]
* [[Santhal State|Santhal]]
* [[Visnagar]]
* [[Mehsana]]
* [[Unjha]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

{{Commons category}}
{{wikivoyage}}

{{Geographic location
| Centre = Jotana
| North = [[Mehsana]]
| Northeast =
| East = [[Kadi, India|Kadi]]
| Southeast =
| South = [[Detroj]]
| Southwest =
| West = [[Bechraji]]
| Northwest =
}}
{{Mehasana}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Villages in Mehsana district]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Mehsana district]]

{{Mehsana-geo-stub}}

Bathou Puja

2026-03-06T17:27:01Z

Narayanacancercentre: Made new entry...

{{Short description|Religious festival of the Bodo-Kacharies of Assam, India}}
{{Infobox holiday
| holiday_name = Bathou Puja
| official_name = Gwthar Bathou San
| image = Bathow.jpg
| caption=
| observedby = [[Bodo people]]
| type = Ethnic, Religious
| significance = Worship of Bathoubwrai, the supreme deity of [[Bathouism]]
| celebrations = Ritual prayers, offerings, community feasts, traditional music and dance
| relatedto = [[Bathouism]], [[Kherai|Kherai Puja]], [[Bwisagu]]
}}

'''Bathou Puja''' or '''Bathow Puja''' officially '''Gwthar Bathou San''' is a traditional religious ritual associated with [[Bathouism]], the indigenous faith of the [[Bodo people]] of [[Assam]], [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-27 |title=Assam: Bathou Puja of the Bodo community celebrated with fervour at Boko’s Kathalpara |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/assam/video/assam-bathou-puja-of-the-bodo-community-celebrated-with-fervour-at-bokos-kathalpara-1337312-2026-01-27 |access-date=2026-03-06 |website=India Today NE |language=hi}}</ref> The ceremony is performed in honour of '''Bathoubwrai''' (also known as ''Bwrai Bathou''), regarded as the supreme deity in the Bathou religion.<ref name="vajiram">{{cite web |title=Bathousim – Beliefs and Meaning |url=https://vajiramandravi.com/upsc-daily-current-affairs/prelims-pointers/bathousim/ |publisher=Vajiram & Ravi |access-date=6 March 2026}}</ref><ref name="gstimes">{{cite web |title=Bathouism |url=https://www.gstimes.in/current-affairs/bathouism/ |publisher=GS Times |access-date=6 March 2026}}</ref>

The ritual represents one of the most significant religious practices of the Bodo community and reflects their traditional worldview centred on nature worship and harmony with the natural environment.<ref name="gokulam">{{cite web |title=Bathousim – Traditional Religion of the Bodos |url=https://gokulamseekias.com/prelims-c-a/history/culture/bathousim-bodo-tribe/ |publisher=Gokulam IAS |access-date=6 March 2026}}</ref> Bathou Puja is widely observed in regions of Assam where Bodo populations are concentrated, particularly in districts under [[Bodoland Territorial Region]] such as [[Kokrajhar district|Kokrajhar]], [[Udalguri district|Udalguri]], [[Baksa district|Baksa]], [[Chirang district|Chirang]] and [[Tamulpur district|Tamulpur]].<ref name="gk247">{{cite web |title=Assam Recognises Bathouism as an Official Religion |url=https://www.thegk247.com/assam-recognises-bathouism-as-an-official-religion/ |publisher=GK247 |access-date=6 March 2026}}</ref>

In recognition of its cultural importance, the [[Government of Assam]] has declared the second Tuesday of the traditional month of ''Magh'' as a state holiday in connection with Bathou Puja celebrations.<ref name="gstimes"/>

==Etymology==
The word ''Bathou'' originates from the Bodo language and is derived from two words: ''Ba'' meaning “five” and ''thou'' meaning “deep philosophical thought”.<ref name="vajiram"/><ref name="gokulam"/> The concept symbolically represents the five fundamental elements believed to constitute the universe: air, sun, earth, fire and sky.<ref name="gstimes"/>

These five elements are regarded as the spiritual and material basis of existence in the Bathou belief system, forming the philosophical foundation of Bathou worship and ritual practice.<ref name="gstimes"/>

==Background==
[[Bathouism]] is considered the traditional and ancestral religion of the Bodo people, one of the largest indigenous ethnic groups in northeastern India.<ref name="gokulam"/> Historically, the religion developed as a nature-centric belief system that emphasised the worship of natural forces and the spiritual significance of the environment.<ref name="vajiram"/>

For centuries, Bathou beliefs were transmitted primarily through oral traditions, rituals, and community customs rather than written scriptures.<ref name="gstimes"/> Despite the influence of other religions such as Hinduism and Christianity among sections of the Bodo population, Bathou Puja continues to play an important role in preserving indigenous religious traditions.<ref name="gk247"/>

In recent years, the Bodoland Territorial Region government and various cultural organisations have taken initiatives to preserve Bathou religious practices and to recognise Bathouism as a distinct indigenous faith.<ref name="gk247"/>

==Description==
[[File:Bathou puja new jpg bodo mainau borainai.jpg|thumb|Bathou Puja]]

Central to Bathou worship is the belief in '''Bathoubwrai''', the supreme creator and protector of the universe.<ref name="vajiram"/> The deity is often understood as the spiritual embodiment of the five elements that constitute the cosmos.<ref name="gstimes"/>

A distinctive feature of Bathou worship is the use of the sacred '''Sijou plant''' (''[[Euphorbia neriifolia]]''), which is regarded as the living symbol of Bathoubwrai.<ref name="gokulam"/> The plant is usually placed at the centre of a sacred altar and enclosed by a bamboo fence known as the ''Bathou altar''.<ref name="vajiram"/>

The bamboo enclosure traditionally consists of eighteen pairs of bamboo strips tied with five horizontal bands, symbolising the five fundamental principles of life: birth, marriage, sorrow, happiness, and death.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vyas |first=Sheetal |date=2024-03-24 |title=Divine Rhythm of Bodoland In Assam |url=https://www.outlooktraveller.com/experiences/heritage/rhythm-divine |access-date=2026-03-06 |website=Outlook Traveller |language=en}}</ref>

==Rituals==
Bathou Puja is typically performed at a sacred site known as the '''Bathou Thansali''' or Bathou altar. The ceremony is conducted by religious specialists known as the '''Deori''' (male priest) and '''Deodhoni''' (female priestess).

The rituals involve the offering of flowers, rice, betel nuts, incense, and traditional rice beer known as ''zou''. Devotees gather around the altar to offer prayers seeking peace, prosperity, protection from illness, and agricultural prosperity.<ref name="gstimes"/>

In some traditional contexts, animal sacrifices such as fowls or goats may be offered depending on local customs and community practices.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-25 |title=Gwthar Bathou San observed in Udalguri |url=https://assamtimes.org/node/18324 |access-date=2026-03-06 |website=Assam Times |language=en}}</ref>

The ceremony is also accompanied by traditional Bodo music, dances, and communal feasts, which reinforce social unity and collective identity among the participants.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-24 |title=Boko gears up for grand silver jubilee celebration of Bathou Puja along Assam-Meghalaya border |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/assam/video/boko-gears-up-for-grand-silver-jubilee-celebration-of-bathou-puja-along-assam-meghalaya-border-1335815-2026-01-24 |access-date=2026-03-06 |website=India Today NE |language=hi}}</ref>

==Types of Bathou worship==
Bathou religious practice includes several different ritual forms performed for specific purposes. Among the most notable are:

* '''Kherai Puja''' – considered the most elaborate and sacred Bathou ritual, involving ritual dance and trance performed by priestesses.<ref name="vajiram"/>
* '''Garja Puja''' – performed collectively to ward off evil spirits or natural calamities affecting the community.
* '''Marai Puja''' – conducted for the welfare and prosperity of the village community.

These rituals are often held in village prayer grounds and involve the participation of large sections of the community.

==Cultural significance==
Bathou Puja plays a central role in preserving the cultural identity of the Bodo people. The festival provides an opportunity for communities to gather, perform traditional rituals, and transmit cultural knowledge to younger generations.

In contemporary times, Bathou Puja has also become an important symbol of indigenous identity and cultural revival among the Bodo community.<ref name="gk247"/>

Efforts by community organisations such as the All Bathou Mahasabha aim to promote awareness and safeguard the traditions associated with Bathou worship.

==See also==
* [[Bathouism]]
* [[Bodo people]]
* [[Kherai|Kherai Puja]]
* [[Bwisagu]]
* [[Religion in Assam]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Festivals in Assam]]
[[Category:Bodo people]]
[[Category:Religious festivals in India]]

Kudiyirundha Koyil

2026-03-04T05:10:31Z

Narayanacancercentre: starting new pg w/ sources

{{Short description|1968 film by K. Shankar}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Kudiyirundha Koyil
| image = Kudiyirundha Koyil.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[K. Shankar]]
| screenplay = Swornam
| based_on = {{based on|''[[China Town (1962 film)|China Town]]''}}
| producer = T. S. Raja Sunderasan
| starring = {{plainlist|
*[[M. G. Ramachandran]]
*[[J. Jayalalithaa|Jayalalithaa]]
*[[Rajasree]]
}}

| cinematography = V. Ramamoorthy
| editing = K. Shankar [[K. Narayanan]]
| music = [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| studio = Saravana Screens
| distributor = 
| released = {{film date|1968|3|15|df=y}}
| runtime = 166 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| budget = 
| gross = 
}}

'''''Kudiyirundha Koyil''''' ({{translation|The Temple where I resided}}) is a 1968 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[spy film]] directed by [[K. Shankar]]. The film stars [[M. G. Ramachandran]], [[J. Jayalalithaa|Jayalalithaa]] and [[Rajasree]], with [[L. Vijayalakshmi]], [[Pandari Bai]], [[M. N. Nambiar]], [[Major Sundarrajan|Sundarrajan]], [[V. K. Ramasamy (actor)|V. K. Ramasamy]], [[S. V. Ramadas]] and [[Nagesh]] in supporting roles. A remake of the 1962 [[Hindi]] film ''[[China Town (1962 film)|China Town]]'', it revolves around twins who become separated as children: one grows up to be a criminal, and the other is tasked with apprehending him.

''Kudiyirundha Koyil'' was released on 15 March 1968. The film was a box office success, running for more than 100 days in theatres, and became a turning point in Ramachandran's career. For his performance, he won his first [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor]].

== Plot ==
Twins Sekhar and Anand, along with their mother Mangalam, witness their father Ramnadhan being murdered by Nagappan, an escaped convict who Ramnadhan had testified against. This prompts the family to leave to Madras to pursue a new life. But when Sekhar gets down from the train to fetch some water, it leaves without him. Nagappan arrives and kidnaps Sekhar, who is raised by him as a criminal. Sekhar remains unaware that the same man killed his father.

Years later, Sekhar who now calls himself "Babu", is an established criminal and is the most wanted man in the city. Meanwhile, Anand is a club-dancer and neither he nor Babu are aware of each other's existence. During a police encounter, Babu is grievously wounded and seeks shelter in Mangalam's house, although he does not recognise her as his mother. He develops a soft corner for her, but when Nagappan (now known as Boopathy, the owner of a cabaret and employer of Babu) learns about this, he tries to eradicate the kind-self out of Babu.

During another police encounter, Babu is again wounded, but becomes insane this time, also becoming amnesiac. [[Deputy inspector general of police|D. I. G.]] Mogan comes across Anand, and after seeing the striking resemblance between him and Babu, advises him to act as Babu to get all the secrets of the gang and have them arrested. Anand agrees, but later realises Babu is his brother. Anand's girlfriend Jaya sees him having lot of money in a briefcase, and the police chase him. Unaware of the truth, she thinks he has turned into a criminal, and refuses to speak to him. Mangalam also learns of this, and becomes heartbroken. However, Mangalam and Jaya soon reconcile with Anand after learning of the truth, and they also learn that Babu is his brother.

Babu's girlfriend Asha discovers that Anand is impersonating Babu, but he surrenders to her and explains about Babu's medical condition, subsequently revealing himself as Babu's brother. Asha forgives him and the duo subsequently team up to defeat Nagappan and his men. Babu later escapes from the prison to kill Anand when learning about him, but is cornered by Jaya, who tells him that Anand is his brother. Babu does not believe this, and kidnaps Jaya. He is later stopped by Mangalam, who makes him realise that he is her son and Anand is his brother. Remembering that Nagappan killed his father, he teams up with Anand to defeat Nagappan, who is later arrested. Subsequently, Babu returns to being "Sekhar", and reunites with his family.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|* [[M. G. Ramachandran]] as Anand and Sekhar/Babu<ref name="Firstpost" />
* [[J. Jayalalithaa|Jayalalithaa]] as Jaya<ref name="Firstpost" />
* [[Rajasree]] as Asha<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 May 2020 |title=இரண்டாவது நாயகியாகவே நிலைத்தவர் ராஜஸ்ரீ |url=http://kungumam.co.in/ThArticalinnerdetail.aspx?id=6451&id1=85&issue=20200501 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513073857/http://kungumam.co.in/ThArticalinnerdetail.aspx?id=6451&id1=85&issue=20200501 |archive-date=13 May 2020 |access-date=28 May 2021 |website=[[Kungumam (magazine)|Kungumam]] |language=ta}}</ref>
*[[L. Vijayalakshmi]] (special appearance in the song "Aadaludan Paadalai")<ref>{{Cite news |last=Krishnamachari |first=Suganthy |date=5 February 2015 |title=From Natya to numbers |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/interview-with-l-vijayalakshmi/article6860381.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160229092752/http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/interview-with-l-vijayalakshmi/article6860381.ece |archive-date=29 February 2016 |access-date=5 January 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>
* [[Pandari Bai]] as Mangalam<ref name="hindutamil" />
* [[M. N. Nambiar]] as Boopathy/Nagappan<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aravind |first=CV |date=18 March 2019 |title=Remembering MN Nambiar: From 'Anbe Vaa' to 'Thillana Mohanambal', the menacing villain |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/remembering-mn-nambiar-anbe-vaa-thillana-mohanambal-menacing-villain-98534 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528045252/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/remembering-mn-nambiar-anbe-vaa-thillana-mohanambal-menacing-villain-98534 |archive-date=28 May 2021 |access-date=28 May 2021 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref>
* [[Major Sundarrajan|Sundarrajan]] as [[Deputy inspector general of police|D. I. G.]] Mogan
* [[V. K. Ramasamy (actor)|V. K. Ramasamy]] as [[Rao Bahadur]] Singaram<ref name="kalkionline" />
* [[S. V. Ramadas]] as Ramnadhan
* [[Nagesh]] as Jaya's elder brother<ref name="hindutamil" />
* [[Sekhar (actor)|Master Sekhar]] as young Anand/Sekhar}}

== Production ==
''Kudiyirundha Koyil'' is a remake of the 1962 [[Hindi]] film ''[[China Town (1962 film)|China Town]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 October 2010 |title=Forever young |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/forever-young/cid/472271 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627090452/https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/forever-young/cid/472271 |archive-date=27 June 2020 |access-date=24 June 2020 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]]}}</ref> It was the first Tamil film to feature a [[Bhangra (dance)|Bangra]] dance sequence in the song "Aadaludan Paadalai". Ramachandran had to practice for one month to dance in the song, which was shot over the course of three days.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Narasimhan |first=T.A. |date=24 December 2007 |title=MGR learnt Bangra for month to dance with L. Vijayalakshmi |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/MGR-learnt-Bangra-for-month-to-dance-with-L.-Vijayalakshmi/article14900505.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224141234/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/MGR-learnt-Bangra-for-month-to-dance-with-L.-Vijayalakshmi/article14900505.ece |archive-date=24 February 2020 |access-date=24 February 2020 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sri Kantha |first=Sachi |author-link=Sachi Sri Kantha |date=9 December 2018 |title=MGR Remembered – Part 47 {{!}} Comparison of Chaplin and MGR |url=https://sangam.org/mgr-remembered-part-47/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109095652/https://sangam.org/mgr-remembered-part-47/ |archive-date=9 January 2021 |access-date=28 May 2021 |website=[[Ilankai Tamil Sangam]]}}</ref> In portraying Sekhar/Babu, Ramachandran applied make-up to give the character a dark complexion, while he kept his original fair-skinned complexion for portraying Anand.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maderya |first=Kumuthan |date=2010 |title=Rage against the state: historicizing the "angry young man" in Tamil cinema |url=http://www.ejumpcut.org/archive/jc52.2010/Tamil/text.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804204808/http://www.ejumpcut.org/archive/jc52.2010/Tamil/text.html |archive-date=4 August 2020 |access-date=24 June 2020 |website=[[Jump Cut (journal)|Jump Cut]]}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack was composed by [[M. S. Viswanathan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kudiyiruntha Kovil (1968) |url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=t0000088 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311093031/http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=T0000088 |archive-date=11 March 2012 |access-date=24 March 2012 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref> The song "Thulluvadho Ilamai" belongs to [[Pasodoble]], a Spanish musical genre,<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 October 2019 |title=இரண்டு பாதுஷாக்களும் இன்னிசை தான்சேனும் 03: குதூகலித்த துள்ளுவதோ இளமை! |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/supplements/hindu-talkies/518488-youthful.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105105257/https://www.hindutamil.in/news/supplements/hindu-talkies/518488-youthful.html |archive-date=5 January 2021 |access-date=5 January 2021 |work=[[Hindu Tamil Thisai]] |language=ta}}</ref> and is also set to [[Mayamalavagowla]], a [[Carnatic raga]].{{sfn|Sundararaman|2007|p=163}} "Kunguma Pottin Mangalam" was the only film song written by Roshanara Begum in her life.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Balasubramanian |first=V. |date=30 May 2013 |title=Man behind the golden voice |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/man-behind-the-golden-voice/article4765684.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130817043341/http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/man-behind-the-golden-voice/article4765684.ece |archive-date=17 August 2013 |access-date=5 January 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> "Naan Yaar? Nee Yaar?" earned [[Pulamaipithan]] recognition as a lyricist.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Parthasarathy |first=Anusha |date=28 December 2010 |title=Memories of Madras – The Sands of time |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/Memories-of-Madras-The-Sands-of-time/article12572666.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105105258/https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/Memories-of-Madras-The-Sands-of-time/article12572666.ece |archive-date=5 January 2021 |access-date=5 January 2021 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> The interlude from "Aadaludan Paadalai" was re-used in the song "Namma Kattula Mazhai Peiyuthu" from ''[[Pattiyal]]'' (2006).<ref>{{Cite web |last=நரேன் |date=26 March 2009 |title=ரீமிக்ஸ் – நல்ல இசையின் வறட்சி ?! |url=https://www.nilacharal.com/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2-%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B1/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20241226012039/https://www.nilacharal.com/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2-%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B1/ |archive-date=26 December 2024 |access-date=26 January 2025 |website=Nilacharal |language=Ta}}</ref> The song "Ennai Theriyuma" was later remixed by [[Achu Rajamani|Achu]] for a film [[Nenu Meeku Telusa?|with the same name]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Pavithra |date=17 September 2008 |title=Music Review: Yennai Theriyuma? |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/ssy/20080917.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105105300/https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/ssy/20080917.htm |archive-date=5 January 2021 |access-date=24 June 2020 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> "Aadaludan Paadalai", which is set in [[Sindhu Bhairavi (raga)|Sindhu Bhairavi]], was remixed by [[Mani Sharma]] for ''[[Yagam (2010 film)|Sinam]]'' (2012) and by [[Amresh Ganesh]] for ''[[Motta Shiva Ketta Shiva]]'' (2017).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pillai |first=Sreedhar |date=9 March 2017 |title=After Motta Shiva Ketta Shiva release, is Raghava Lawrence planning to enter politics? |url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/motta-shiva-ketta-shiva-is-raghava-lawrence-planning-to-enter-tamil-nadu-politics-3323978.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328200741/http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/motta-shiva-ketta-shiva-is-raghava-lawrence-planning-to-enter-tamil-nadu-politics-3323978.html |archive-date=28 March 2017 |access-date=28 March 2017 |website=[[Firstpost]]}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Un Vizhiyum En Vaalum
| extra1 = [[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[L. R. Eswari]]
| lyrics1 = [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]]
| length1 = 3:17
| title2 = Ennai Theriyuma
| extra2 = T. M. Soundararajan, Chorus
| lyrics2 = Vaali
| length2 = 3:38
| title3 = Neeyethan Enakku
| extra3 = T. M. Soundararajan, [[P. Susheela]]
| lyrics3 = Vaali
| length3 = 3:35
| title4 = Naan Yaar? Nee Yaar?
| extra4 = T. M. Soundararajan
| lyrics4 = [[Pulamaipithan]]
| length4 = 3:19
| title5 = Thuluvadho Ilamai
| extra5 = T. M. Soundararajan, L. R. Eswari, Chorus
| lyrics5 = Vaali
| length5 = 3:37
| title6 = Aadaludan Paadalai
| extra6 = T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela
| lyrics6 = [[Alangudi Somu]]
| length6 = 6:07
| title7 = Kunguma Pottin Mangalam
| extra7 = T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela
| lyrics7 = Roshanara Begum
| length7 = 3:42
| title8 = Thaaiyai (Kovilum Deivam)
| extra8 = [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| lyrics8 =
| length8 = 0:32
| total_length = 27:47 
}}

== Release and reception ==
''Kudiyirundha Koyil'' was released on 15 March 1968.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 December 2016 |title=ஜெயலலிதா நடித்த திரைப்படங்களின் பட்டியல் |url=https://www.dinamani.com/cm-jayalalitha/2016/dec/06/ஜெயலலிதா-நடித்த-திரைப்படங்களின்-பட்டியல்-2610816.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200624160454/https://www.dinamani.com/cm-jayalalitha/2016/dec/06/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-2610816.html |archive-date=24 June 2020 |access-date=24 June 2020 |work=[[Dinamani]] |language=ta}}</ref> ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' positively reviewed the film, comparing it favourably to earlier Ramachandran films featuring him in dual roles.<ref name="kalkionline" /> ''[[Dinamani]]'' praised Ramachandran's performance in Sekhar's role.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=7 June 1981 |title=குடியிருந்த கோவில் |url=https://archive.org/details/kalki1981-06-07/page/n11/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230407131406/https://archive.org/details/kalki1981-06-07/page/n11/mode/2up |archive-date=7 April 2023 |access-date=7 April 2023 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=10 |language=Ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> The film was a box office success, and ran more than 100 days in theatres. Ramachandran considered it the tenth turning point in his career. For his performance, Ramachandran won his first [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sri Kantha |first=Sachi |author-link=Sachi Sri Kantha |date=16 January 2018 |title=MGR Remembered – Part 48 {{!}} 100 Movies and Beyond |url=https://sangam.org/mgr-remembered-part-48/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811030948/https://sangam.org/mgr-remembered-part-48/ |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=5 January 2021 |website=[[Ilankai Tamil Sangam]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=நரசிம்மன் |first=டி.ஏ. |date=27 January 2017 |title=என்னருமை தோழி..! 20: எம்.ஜி.ஆருக்கு ஆலோசனை! |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/blogs/219271-20.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105105338/https://www.hindutamil.in/news/blogs/219271-20.html |archive-date=5 January 2021 |access-date=5 January 2021 |work=[[Hindu Tamil Thisai]] |language=ta}}</ref> At the same ceremony, T. M. Soundararajan won the [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer|award for Best Male Playback Singer]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 March 1970 |title=State film awards |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19700301&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=15 May 2021 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=5 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

== References ==
<references>

<ref name="Firstpost">{{Cite web |date=16 February 2017 |title=Jayalalithaa and MGR's best song-and-dance numbers in Tamil cinema: Throwback Thursday |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/jayalalithaa-and-mgrs-best-song-and-dance-numbers-in-tamil-cinema-throwback-thursday-3286300.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929112949/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/jayalalithaa-and-mgrs-best-song-and-dance-numbers-in-tamil-cinema-throwback-thursday-3286300.html |archive-date=29 September 2020 |access-date=28 May 2021 |website=[[Firstpost]]}}</ref>
<ref name="hindutamil">{{Cite news |date=17 November 2019 |title=68 - ம் ஆண்டில் எம்ஜிஆருக்கு ஜோடி ஜெயலலிதா; ஒரே ஆண்டில் எட்டு படங்கள் |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/cinema/tamil-cinema/525630-mgr-jayalalitha.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210528045233/https://www.hindutamil.in/news/cinema/tamil-cinema/525630-mgr-jayalalitha.html |archive-date=28 May 2021 |access-date=28 May 2021 |work=[[Hindu Tamil Thisai]] |language=ta}}</ref>
<ref name="kalkionline">{{Cite magazine |date=31 March 1968 |title=குடியிருந்த கோயில் |url=https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1968/mar/31-03-1968/p25.jpg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220725114045/https://kalkionline.com/kalkionline_archive/imagegallery/archiveimages/kalki/1968/mar/31-03-1968/p25.jpg |archive-date=25 July 2022 |access-date=26 July 2022 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=25 |language=ta}}</ref>

</references>

== Bibliography ==
* {{Cite book |last=Sundararaman |title=Raga Chintamani: A Guide to Carnatic Ragas Through Tamil Film Music |publisher=Pichhamal Chintamani |year=2007 |edition=2nd |oclc=295034757 |orig-date=2005}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}

{{K. Shankar}}

[[Category:1968 Indian films]]
[[Category:1960s spy films]]
[[Category:1968 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1968 films]]
[[Category:Films about twin brothers]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. Shankar]]
[[Category:Films scored by M. S. Viswanathan]]
[[Category:Indian spy films]]
[[Category:Tamil remakes of Hindi films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Twins in Indian films]]

Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri

2026-03-03T22:01:02Z

Narayanacancercentre: minor edit

{{Short description|17th century Indian mathematical linguist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
'''Melputhur Narayana Bhattathiri''' (Mēlputtūr Nārāyaṇa Bhaṭṭatiri; 1560–1646/1666), third student of [[Achyuta Pisharati]], was a member of [[Madhava of Sangamagrama]]'s [[Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics]].

He was a mathematical [[linguist]] (vyakarana). His most important scholarly work, ''Prakriya-sarvasvam'', sets forth an axiomatic system elaborating on the classical system of [[Pāṇini|Panini]]. However, he is most famous for his masterpiece, ''[[Narayaneeyam]]'', a devotional composition in praise of [[Guruvayurappan]] ([[Krishna]]) that is still sung at [[Guruvayur Temple]].

== Birth and education ==
Bhattathri was from a village named Melputhur at [[Vettichira|Kurumbathur]] in [[Athavanad]] Panchayat near the [[Tirur River]] in 1560 in a [[Brahmin]] family, the son of Mathrudattan Bhattathiri, a pandit himself. Bhattathiri studied from his father as a child. He learned the ''[[Rig Veda]]'' from Madhava, Tarka śāstra (science of debate in Sanskrit) from [[Damodara]] and [[Vyākaraṇa]] (Sanskrit grammar) from Achyuta Pisharati. He became a pandit by the age of 16. He married his guru Achuta Pisharati's niece and settled at [[Thrikkandiyoor|Thrikkandiyur]] in [[Tirur]].One of the manuscripts of Narayaneeyam says that it was copied by the author's younger brother Matrdatta. The Melpathur family is extinct and it is said that it was merged into the Maravancheri Thekkedathu family. <ref name="raja">K. Kunjunni Raja (1980) "Narayana Bhatta of Melputtur", in [https://books.google.com/books?id=VPNjAAAAMAAJ The Contribution of Kerala to Sanskrit Literature], pages 119 to 152, Madras University Sanskrit series # 23</ref>

==Works==
He wrote on diverse subjects including scientific ones. His works are:<ref name="raja"/>
* [[Narayaniyam]]
* Kriyakrama or Asvalayanakriyakrama
* Prakriyasarvasva
* Sripadasaptati (Supposed to be his last work)
* Dhatukavya
* Svahasudhakara
* Matsyavatara
* Rajasuya
* Ashtamicampu (fine description of Astami festival celebrated in the month of Krithigai (Nov-Dec) in the [[Vaikom Shiva Temple|Shiva temple at Vaikom]] in north Travancore.
* Dutavakya
* Subhadradharana
* Pancalisvayamvara

Under the patronage of Cochin Vira Keralavarman (1601-1615 A.D) Melputtur wrote the Gosrinagaravarnana and Virakeralaprasasti.<ref name="raja"/>{{rp|164}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indian mathematics}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhattathiri}}
[[Category:Indian Hindus]]
[[Category:1560 births]]
[[Category:1646 deaths]]
[[Category:Scientists from Kerala]]
[[Category:Malayali people]]
[[Category:Scientists of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian mathematicians]]
[[Category:People from Malappuram district]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian mathematicians]]
[[Category:Poets from Kerala]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Scholars from Kerala]]
[[Category:People from Guruvayur]]
[[Category:Sanskrit poets]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian male writers]]

Thaimel Aanai

2026-03-03T05:12:06Z

Narayanacancercentre: created a info...

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Thaimel Aanai
| image = Thaimel Aanai.jpg
| caption = DVD cover
| director = [[L. Raja]]
| screenplay = Karaikudi Narayanan
| story = Prabhat Roy
| starring = [[Arjun Sarja|Arjun]] [[Saroja Devi]] [[Raghuvaran]] [[Ranjini (actress)|Ranjini]]
| producer = [[M. Saravanan (producer)|M. Saravanan]] M. Balasubramanian [[M. S. Guhan]]
| music = [[Chandrabose (composer)|Chandrabose]]
| cinematography = K. S. Selvaraj
| editing = R. Vittal S. B. Mohan
| studio = [[AVM Productions]]
| distributor = Anandha
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1988|4|13|ref1=}}
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Thaimel Aanai''''' ({{Translation|Mother's order}}) is a 1988 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[action film]], directed by [[L. Raja]] and produced by [[AVM Productions]]. The film stars [[Arjun Sarja|Arjun]] and [[Raghuvaran]]. It was released on 13 April 1988. This film was dubbed in Telugu as ''Kondaveeti Siva''. The film is a remake of [[Bengali language|Bengali]] film ''[[Pratikaar]]'' (1987).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Arunachalam |first=Param |title=BollySwar: 1991–2000 |publisher=Mavrix Infotech |isbn=978-81-938482-1-0 |pages=116}}</ref> Before the film's release, [[Rajinikanth]] made a special appearance regarding eye donation and its awareness.

==Plot==
{{more plot|date=August 2023}}
''Thaimel Aanai'' is the story of a son's revenge on the killers of his mother and sister, but his friend, who is now a police officer, does not like someone taking the law into his hands. The villains kidnap Vinod's family. Raja storms the hideout of the villains along with Vinod and rescues Vinod's family by fighting with the villains, killing the goons who destroyed his family in the process. But Raja succumbs to the injuries he received during the fight. The film ends with Vinod carrying the corpse of Raja and walking away along with his family.

==Cast==
{{cast listing|
*[[Arjun Sarja|Arjun]] as Raja
*[[Raghuvaran]] as Vinod
*[[Saroja Devi]] as Vijaya and Raja's mother
*[[Ranjini (actress)|Ranjini]] as Meena
*[[Madhuri (Tamil actress)|Madhuri]] as Vinod's wife
*[[Vani Viswanath]] as Vijaya
*[[C. L. Anandan]]
*[[Kishmu]] as Chakkara
*[[Jai Ganesh]] as Devaraj
*[[Y. Gee. Mahendra]] as Punyakodi
*[[Senthil]] as a fisherman of Rangukuppam
*[[S. S. Chandran]] as Picha
*[[K. K. Soundar]] as Padma's father
*Babitha as Padma
*[[Idichapuli Selvaraj]] as Kannaiyya
*[[Kumarimuthu]] as a fisherman of Rangukuppam
*[[Omakuchi Narasimhan]] as a director
*[[Bayilvan Ranganathan]] as Chakkara's henchman
*[[Kullamani]] as a fisherman of Rangukuppam
*[[Thavakalai]] as a fisherman of Rangukuppam
*[[Anandaraj]] as Johny
*Azhagu as Dhilip
*Naveen as Chakkara's henchman
*Master Meenuraj as Babu
*Master Jai Krishna as young Raja
*Master Biju as young Vinod
*Baby Vijaya as young Vijaya
}}

==Production==
The film was launched at AVM Studios. The scenes of Arjun, Ranjini, Raghuvaran and Madhuri were shot on first day.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://eap.bl.uk/archive-file/EAP372-6-23-11-148|title=தாய்மேல் ஆணை: படபிடிப்பு துவக்கம் |work=Anna|language=ta|access-date=20 July 2025|date=17 September 1987|page=4|via=[[Endangered Archives Programme]]}}</ref>
==Soundtrack==
The soundtrack consist of nine songs composed by [[Chandrabose (composer)|Chandrabose]]. Among which 2 unpublished works at the time of the release of the soundtrack, "Chinna Kanna Chella Kanna", S. P. Balasubrahmanyam's version and K. S. Chitra's sad version (or slow version). Lyrics were written by [[Vairamuthu]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thaimel Aanai (1988) |url=https://www.raaga.com/tamil/movie/Thaimel-Aanai-songs-T0003244 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028200228/https://www.raaga.com/tamil/movie/thaimel-aanai-songs-T0003244 |archive-date=28 October 2020 |access-date=9 March 2019 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Thaai Mel Aanai Tamil Film LP VInyl Record by Chandrabose |url=https://macsendisk.com/product/thaai-mel-aanai-tamil-film-lp-vinyl-record-by-chandrabose/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202153013/https://macsendisk.com/product/thaai-mel-aanai-tamil-film-lp-vinyl-record-by-chandrabose/ |archive-date=2 February 2023 |access-date=2023-08-15 |website=Macsendisk}}</ref>

'''Tamil Tracklist'''
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! Song !! Singers !! Length (min:sec)
|-
| "Vaaika Varabukulla Vayasupulla" || [[Malaysia Vasudevan]], [[Vani Jairam]] and Chorus ||04:43
|-
| "Chinna Kanna Chella Kanna" || [[K. S. Chitra]] ||04:24
|-
| "Sangu Chakra Sami Vanthu" || Malaysia Vasudevan, [[S. P. Sailaja]] and Chorus ||04:55
|-
| "Poona Poora Vittitu Avana" || Malaysia Vasudevan, S. P. Sailaja and Chorus ||04:24
|-
| "Hey Mallikai Poo Poothirukku" || [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]] and Chorus ||04:06
|-
| "Yentha Kadai Solla" || [[K. J. Yesudas]], S. P. Balasubrahmanyam and [[M. S. Rajeswari]] ||04:16
|-
| "Poona Poora Vittitu Avana" (Reprise) || Malaysia Vasudevan, S. P. Sailaja and Chorus ||04:24
|-
| "Chinna Kanna Chella Kanna" || K. J. Yesudas ||03:46
|-
| "Chinna Kanna Chella Kanna" || S. P. Balasubrahmanyam ||04:24
|-
| "Chinna Kanna Chella Kanna" (Sad) || [[K. S. Chitra]] ||04:14
|}

==Reception==
''[[The Indian Express]]'' wrote, "Like a merry-go-round the film keeps spinning about in a whirl all geared to one end of satisfying the audience in an entertainment made-to-order exercise".<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 April 1988 |title=Thaai Mel Aanai |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19880429&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=11 January 2019 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=5 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|3325444}}

{{AVM Productions}}
{{L. Raja}}

[[Category:1988 Indian films]]
[[Category:1980s masala films]]
[[Category:1988 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1988 action films]]
[[Category:1988 films]]
[[Category:AVM Productions films]]
[[Category:Films directed by L. Raja]]
[[Category:Films scored by Chandrabose (composer)]]
[[Category:Indian action films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Tamil remakes of Bengali films]]

Jithan 2

2026-03-03T03:31:31Z

Narayanacancercentre: expanded content

{{Short description|2014 Tamil horror comedy film by Rahul Paramahamsa}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Jithan 2
| image = Jithan 2.jpg
| alt = 
| caption =
| director = Rahul Paramahamsa
| producer = Rahul Paramahamsa
| writer = [[Vincent Selva]]
| starring = [[Jithan Ramesh]] [[Srushti Dange]]
| music = [[Srikanth Deva]] Yeshwanth Raja
| cinematography = Suresh Kumar
| editing = Maruthi Krish
| studio = RPM cinemas
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2016|04|08}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| budget = 
| gross =
}}
'''''Jithan 2''''' is a 2016 Indian [[Tamil language]] [[horror comedy]] film directed by Rahul Paramahamsa and written by [[Vincent Selva]]. The film is a sequel to ''[[Jithan]]'' (2005), and stars [[Jithan Ramesh]] and [[Srushti Dange]]. The film began production in December 2013 and it released on 8 April 2016 to poor reviews. The film was dubbed and released in Telugu as ''Pizza 3'' in 2018. The film had background score by Yeshwanth Raja. The film received negative reviews from critics.{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
*[[Jithan Ramesh]] as Surya
*[[Srushti Dange]] as Priya
*[[Meghali]] as Anjali
*[[Karunas]] as Surya's known person
*[[Mayilsamy]] as Venugopal
*[[Yogi Babu]] as Annayya
*[[George Maryan]] as Sombu Vinayagam
*[[Robo Shankar]] as Police Officer
*Vinoth Babu as Police Constable
*[[Sona Heiden]]
*[[Swaminathan]]
*[[Nellai Siva]] as Vijayakumar
*Bharanidharan as Bharani
*[[Supergood Subramani]]
*Kesava
*[[Vengal Rao]]
*[[TSR Srinivasan]] as Done Done (uncredited)
*Sandy (cameo appearance)
{{colend}}

==Production==
In September 2013, RPM productions began working on a sequel to the successful 2005 film ''[[Jithan]]'', with newcomer Rahul brought in as director. The script was written by Vincent Selva who has directed the first one. The team tried to bring in [[Santhanam (actor)|Santhanam]] to play a parallel lead role, but were unsuccessful in their attempts.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lakshmi |first=V. |title=Ramesh, Santhanam to team up for Jithan 2? |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Ramesh-Santhanam-to-team-up-for-Jithan-2/articleshow/26910303.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180807055004/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Ramesh-Santhanam-to-team-up-for-Jithan-2/articleshow/26910303.cms |archive-date=7 August 2018 |work=Times of India}}</ref> The film subsequently progressed throughout Chennai. [[Srushti Dange]] has been confirmed as the heroine for ''Jithan 2''.
The film was on the verge of completion in July 2014, with all portions apart from the songs finished. The team began post-production work in late 2014 and targeted an April 8, 2016 release.<ref>{{Cite news |last=R |first=Manigandan K. |title=Jithan Ramesh: Jithan 2 to hit screens for Pongal? |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Jithan-2-to-hit-screens-for-Pongal/articleshow/45373261.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150822190603/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Jithan-2-to-hit-screens-for-Pongal/articleshow/45373261.cms |archive-date=22 August 2015 |work=Times of India}}</ref>

==Reception==
The film received negative reviews from critics. ''Sify'' wrote "Generally, even a poorly made movie have some kind of positive aspects to talk about but Jithan 2 is a nightmare, which we want to quickly erase from our memory".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-04-09 |title=Jithan-2 review: Avoidable |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/jithan-2-review-avoid-review--qejm1bcacgfbe.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409220645/http://www.sify.com/movies/jithan-2-review-avoid-review--qejm1bcacgfbe.html |archive-date=9 April 2016 |website=Sify Movies}}</ref> ''The Times of India'' wrote "Jithan-2 involves a ghost and is billed as a horror movie, but the only thing that haunts us after seeing the film — and might even result in sleepless nights — is an unending stream of questions."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Jithan 2 Movie Review {1/5}: Critic Review of Jithan 2 by Times of India |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/Jithan-2/movie-review/51752397.cms |work=Times of India}}</ref> ''Rediff'' wrote "Painfully slow, drab and immature, this horror comedy has you yawning right from the start."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-04-09 |title=Review: Jithan 2 is a waste of time |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-jithan-2-is-a-waste-of-time/20160409.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412091918/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-jithan-2-is-a-waste-of-time/20160409.htm |archive-date=12 April 2016 |website=Rediff.com movies}}</ref> ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote that "Jithan 2 is so bad in every department, so soporific an experience, so dreadfully tedious that I fear that my experience of watching it has, on some level, robbed me just a little of my will to live".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Srinivasan |first=Sudhir |date=9 April 2016 |title=Jithan 2: A ghost that dances |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/review-of-tamil-film-jithan-2/article8455110.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009062419/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/review-of-tamil-film-jithan-2/article8455110.ece |archive-date=9 October 2020 |access-date=7 October 2020 |work=The Hindu |via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=3238050}}

[[Category:Indian comedy horror films]]
[[Category:Indian sequel films]]
[[Category:2014 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2016 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Srikanth Deva]]
[[Category:2016 comedy horror films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

{{2010s-Tamil-film-stub}}
{{2010s-horror-film-stub}}

Dance India Dance

2026-02-23T15:56:33Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{Short description|Indian TV dance competition}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Dance India Dance 2019 logo.jpg
| image_upright =
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| caption = Latest promotional poster for [[Dance India Dance Battle Of The Champions|Season 7]]
| alt_name = DID
| genre = [[Reality television|Reality]]
| creator = Ashish Golwalkar, Ranjeet Thakur, Bimal Unnikrishnan
| developer =
| writer = Ravikesh Vatsa, Gunjan Joshi (Season 5)
| screenplay =
| story =
| director =
| creative_director =
| presenter = {{plainlist|
* [[Jay Bhanushali]]
* [[Saumya Tandon]]
* [[Ishita Sharma]]
* [[Sahil Khattar]]
* [[Amruta Khanvilkar]]
* [[Dheeraj Dhoopar]]
* [[Karan Wahi]]
}}
| starring =
| judges = {{plainlist|
* [[Mithun Chakraborty]]
(head judge 2009-2018)
* [[Geeta Kapoor]]
* [[Remo D'Souza]]
* [[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]]
* Shruti Merchant
* [[Mudassar Khan]]
* Feroz Khan
* [[Punit Pathak]]
* Gaiti Siddiqui
* [[Marzi Pestonji]]
* Mini Pradhan
* [[Kareena Kapoor]]
* [[Bosco Martis]]
* [[Raftaar (rapper)|Raftaar]]
* [[Sonali Bendre]]
* [[Mouni Roy]]
}}
| voices =
| narrated =
| theme_music_composer =
| opentheme = "India, Dance India Dance"
| endtheme =
| composer =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 7
| num_episodes = 209
| list_episodes =
| executive_producer =
| producer =
| news_editor =
| location =
| cinematography =
| editor =
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 60–65 minutes
| company = [[Essel Vision Productions]] [[Frames Production]]
| budget =
| network = [[Zee TV]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2009|01|30|df=yes}}
| last_aired = present
| related = {{plainlist|
* ''[[Dance India Dance Li'l Masters|DID Li'l Masters]]''
* ''[[Dance India Dance Doubles|DID Doubles]]''
* ''[[Dance India Dance Super Moms|DID Super Moms]]''
}}
}}

'''''Dance India Dance''''' (also called by the acronym '''''DID'''''; tagline: ''Dance Ka Asli ID '''D.I.D.''''') is an Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[dance competition]] [[reality television]] series that airs on [[Zee TV]], created and produced by [[Essel Vision Productions]]. It premiered on 30 January 2009. Here the judges are called ''Masters'' and [[Mithun Chakraborty]] was called ''Grand Master (until season 6)''. Season 7 premiered with a different concept. This show is a remake of the Bengali show [[Dance Bangla Dance]] which premiered on 2007. After 3 successful seasons of [[Dance Bangla Dance]], [[Zee TV]] remade this show for all-over Indian participants.

The show features a format where dancers from a variety of styles enter open auditions held in Indian metropolitan cities to showcase their unique style and talents and, if allowed to move forward, are then put through mega-audition rounds of auditions to test their ability to adapt to different styles. At the end of mega audition, the top 18 dancers are chosen as finalists who move on to compete in the competition's main phase where they will perform solo, duet and group dance numbers in a variety of styles in competition for the votes of the broadcast viewing audience which, combined with the input of a panel of judges, determine which dancers will advance to the next stage from week to week.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://danceindiadance.in/videos/2012/dance-India-dance-season-3-15th-April-akshay-kumar/ |title=Dance India Dance Season 3 15th April *Akshay Kumar* {{!}} Dance India Dance |publisher=Danceindiadance.in |date=2012-04-14 |access-date=2012-04-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418045218/http://danceindiadance.in/videos/2012/dance-india-dance-season-3-15th-april-akshay-kumar/ |archive-date=18 April 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref>

The show features a variety of Indian cultural and international dance styles ranging across a broad spectrum of classical, [[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]], [[Hindi Dance Music|Bollywood]], [[Hip-hop dance|Hip-hop]], [[Jazz dance|Jazz]], [[Kalaripayattu]], [[Salsa (dance)|Salsa]], and [[Musical theatre]] styles, among others, with many sub-genres within these categories represented. Competitors attempt to master these styles in an attempt to survive successive weeks of elimination and win a cash prize and often other awards, as well as the title of ''India's Best Dancer - CJ''. The show is choreographed by Indian choreographers, such as [[Mudassar Khan]], [[Marzi Pestonji]], Tanuj Jaggi and Mini Pradhan. The show has won several television awards for ''Most Popular Dance Reality Show''.<ref>{{cite web |author=Smitha |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2012/akshay-kumar-dance-india-dance-3-five-finalists-160412.html |title=Akshay Kumar gifts Rs 1 lakh to Dance India Dance Season 3 finalists |date=16 April 2012 |publisher=Oneindia |access-date=2012-04-18 |archive-date=26 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426201124/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/television/news/2012/akshay-kumar-dance-india-dance-3-five-finalists-160412.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Format ==

=== Selection process ===
The selection process can be further broken down into two distinct stages: the Open Auditions and the second phase referred to as the Mega Auditions.

The '''Open Auditions''' take place in 5–6 major [[India]]n cities and are typically open to anyone aged 15–30 at the time of their audition. The cities in which auditions are held vary from season to season but some, such as [[New Delhi]], [[Mumbai]] and [[Kolkata]] have featured in almost every season. During this stage, dancers perform a brief routine (typically individually) before three masters. The masters will then make an on-the-spot decision as to whether the dance demonstrated enough ability.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-12/tv/31330490_1_akshay-kumar-rowdy-rathore-rowdy-rathore |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120716200040/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-12/tv/31330490_1_akshay-kumar-rowdy-rathore-rowdy-rathore |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-07-16 |title=Akshay Kumar on Dance India Dance|date=2012-04-12 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=2012-04-18}}</ref> If the dancer impressed the masters with his/her dancing abilities, masters will award a Hat called ''Taqdeer Ki Topi (Hat of Destiny)'', moving them instantly one step forward in the competition.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://danceindiadance.in/videos/2012/dance-india-dance-7th-april-super-six-contestants/ |title=Dance India Dance 7th April *Super Six Contestants* {{!}} Dance India Dance |publisher=Danceindiadance.in |access-date=2012-04-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411175259/http://danceindiadance.in/videos/2012/dance-india-dance-7th-april-super-six-contestants/ |archive-date=11 April 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref>

The second stage of the selection process, the Mega Auditions, is a several-day-long process in which the 100 hopefuls are tested for overall well-rounded dance, stamina, and their ability to perform under pressure. The dancers are put through a battery of rounds which test their ability to pick up various dance styles (typically some of the more well-represented genres that will later be prominent in the competition phase, such as [[Hip-hop dance|hip-hop]], [[Hindi Dance Music|Bollywood]], [[Jazz dance|jazz]], [[Bharat Natyam]], [[Kathak]], [[Mohiniyattam]], [[Odissi]] and [[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]). At the end of this process, only the top 36 competitors will be chosen. The top 36 are then again asked to give solo performances, after which 18 are chosen in the final auditions. Then, those top 18 get divided into 3 teams which are named according to the 3 masters of the show such as, ''Mudassar Ki Mandali'', ''Marzi Ke Mastane'' and ''Mini Ke Masterblasters''. Each team containing 6 dancers then competes in the show, learning new skills throughout the journey.<ref>{{cite web|last=Gupta |first=Rahul |url=http://www.themobileindian.com/news/6161_Now-watch-Dance-India-Dance-on-mobiles |title=Now watch Dance India Dance on mobiles |publisher=Themobileindian.com |access-date=2012-04-18}}</ref>

=== Judges ===
Grand Master [[Mithun Chakraborty]] has been the head judge of the series. When any contestant performs an extraordinary performance, Grand Master gives him/her a salute. It's called ''Grand Salute'' and it is the highest respect for any contestant here. Every season, 3 Indian choreographers (who are called Coaches) choreograph the contestants and judge them with the Grand Master. The first three seasons were judged by [[Geeta Kapoor|Master Geeta Kapoor]], [[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Master Terence Lewis]] & [[Remo D'Souza|Master Remo D'Souza]] with the [[Mithun Chakraborty|Grand Master]]. When any contestant performs a perfect act, the judges give a special speech as a token of respect for the contestant.

'''List of the judges:'''
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Team !! Duration !! Seasons !! Special speech !! Best achievement
|-
| ''Grand Master'' (head judge) || [[Mithun Chakraborty]] || - || 2009–18
| 1 - 6
| ''Kya baat, kya baat, kya baat.''
| -
|-
| rowspan="10" | ''Master'' (judge) || [[Geeta Kapoor]] || ''Geeta Ki Gang'' || rowspan=3 | 2009–12
| rowspan=3 | [[Dance India Dance (season 1)|1]], [[Dance India Dance (season 2)|2]], [[Dance India Dance (season 3)|3]]
| ''Stupendo-fabulously-fantastic-phantasmogorically magical.''
| 1st in [[Dance India Dance (season 3)|season 3]]
|-
| [[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]] || ''Terence Ki Toli''
| ''Chummeshwari performance.''
| 1st in [[Dance India Dance (season 2)|season 2]]
|-
| [[Remo D'Souza]] || ''Remo Ke Rangeelay''
| ''That's what I call a performance.''
| 1st in [[Dance India Dance (season 1)|season 1]]
|-
| [[Mudassar Khan]] || ''Mudassar Ki Mandali'' || 2013–18
| [[Dance India Dance (season 4)|4]], [[Dance India Dance (season 5)|5]], [[Dance India Dance (season 6)|6]]
| ''Chik chik boom fire.''
| 1st in [[Dance India Dance (season 4)|season 4]]
|-
| Feroz Khan ||''Feroz Ki Fauz'' || rowspan=2 | 2013–14
| rowspan=2 | [[Dance India Dance (season 4)|4]]
| ''Ferocious performance.''
| 3rd in [[Dance India Dance (season 4)|season 4]]
|-
| Shruti Merchant || ''Shruti Ke Shandar''
| ''Jumbari jiri jiri jam jatak performance.''
| 2nd in [[Dance India Dance (season 4)|season 4]]
|-
| [[Punit Pathak]] || ''Punit Ke Panthers'' || rowspan=2 | 2015
| rowspan=2 | [[Dance India Dance (season 5)|5]]
| ''Chamu performance.''
| 1st in [[Dance India Dance (season 5)|season 5]]
|-
| Gaiti Siddiqui ||''Gaiti Ke Gangsters''
| ''K.I.L.L.E.R performance.''
| 2nd in [[Dance India Dance (season 5)|season 5]]
|-
| [[Marzi Pestonji]] || ''Marzi Ke Mastane'' || rowspan=2 | 2017–18
| rowspan=2 | [[Dance India Dance (season 6)|6]]
| ''Stand on Table{{refn|group=note|[[Marzi Pestonji|Master Marzi]] stands on table to showing respect for a perfect performance.}}''
| 2nd in [[Dance India Dance (season 6)|season 6]]
|-
| Mini Pradhan ||''Mini Ke Masterblasters''
| ''Tod diya, phod diya.{{refn|group=note|[[Mini Pradhan|Master Mini]]'s full speech is ''Tod diya, phod diya, marod diya aur sabko peechey chhod diya.''}}''
| 1st in [[Dance India Dance (season 6)|season 6]]
|-| rowspan="3" | ''super judges'' (judge)
| rowspan="3" |Judge
|[[Kareena Kapoor]]
| rowspan="3" | -
| rowspan="3" |2019
| rowspan="3" |[[Dance India Dance Battle Of The Champions|7]]
|''Wow performance and brings Dhool''
| rowspan="3" | -
|-
|[[Bosco Martis]]
|''Zattak wala attack performance + confetti standing on the table.''
|-
|[[Raftaar (rapper)|Raftaar]]
|''Dab''
|-
|}

== Adaptations ==
# Dance Naija Dance ([[Nigeria]]) ([[Zee World]])
# Dance Africa Dance ([[South Africa]]) ([[Zee World]])
# [[Dance Bangla Dance]] ([[Zee Bangla]])
# [[Dance Maharashtra Dance]] ([[Zee Marathi]])
# Dance Karnataka Dance ([[Zee Kannada]])
# Dance Kerala Dance ([[Zee Keralam]])
# Dance Odisha Dance (Zee Sarthak)
# Dance Tamizha Dance ([[Zee Tamil]])
# Dance Punjab Dance ([[Zee Punjabi]])
# Dance India Dance Telugu ([[Zee Telugu]])

== Seasons ==
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align:center"
! rowspan=2 | Season
! rowspan=2 style="width: 15%" | Duration
! rowspan=2 | No. of weeks
! rowspan=2 | No. of episodes
! colspan=5 | Finalists
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | Presenters
! rowspan="2" | Judge
|-
!First place
!Second place
!Third place
!Fourth place
!5th place
|-
! [[#Season 1|1]]
| 30 January – 30 May 2009
| 18
| 35
|style="background:#FFFF90" | [[Salman Yusuff Khan]]
|style="background:#87ceeb" | [[Alisha Singh]]
|Bgcolor =tomato|Siddhesh Pai
|style="background:#87ceeb" | Jai Kumar Nair
| {{N/A}}
| rowspan="5" | [[Jay Bhanushali]]
| rowspan=3 | [[Saumya Tandon]]
|rowspan="6" | [[Mithun Chakraborty]]
|-
! [[#Season 2|2]]
| 18 December 2009 – 23 April 2010
| 19
| 37
|style="background:#87ceeb" | [[Shakti Mohan]]
|bgcolor =tomato|[[Dharmesh Yelande]]
|style="background:#FFFF90" | [[Punit Pathak]]
|Bgcolor =tomato|[[Binny Sharma]]
|style="background:#87ceeb" | [[Kunwar Amarjeet Singh]]
|-
! [[#Season 3|3]]
| 24 December 2011 – 21 April 2012
| 18
| 35
|bgcolor =tomato|[[Rajasmita Kar]]
|style="background:#87ceeb" | Pradeep Gurung
|style="background:#87ceeb" | [[Raghav Juyal]]
|style="background:#FFFF90" | Sanam Johar
|style="background:#FFFF90" |[[Mohena Singh]]
|-
! [[#Season 4|4]]
| 26 October 2013 – 22 February 2014
| 18
| 34
| Bgcolor=gold|[[Shyam Yadav]]
|Bgcolor =pink|Manan Sachdeva
|Bgcolor =lightgreen|Biki Das
|Bgcolor =pink|[[Sumedh Mudgalkar]]
|{{ N/A}}
| [[Ishita Sharma]]
|-
! [[#Season 5|5]]
| 27 June – 10 October 2015
| 16
| 31
|style="background:#FFE5B4" | [[Proneeta Swargiary]]
|Bgcolor =lightblue|Nirmal Tamang
|Bgcolor =lightblue|Sahil Adanaya
| Bgcolor=gold|Kaushik Mandal
|style="background:#FFE5B4" |Ashish Vashistha
| N/A{{refn|group=note|There was no female host in [[Dance India Dance (season 5)|season 5]]. [[Jay Bhanushali]] hosted alone that season.}}
|-
! [[#Season 6|6]]
| 4 November 2017 – 18 February 2018
| 16
| 31
| style="background:#d0f0c0" |Sanket Gaonkar
| Bgcolor=turquoise|Sachin Sharma
| style="background:#d0f0c0" |Piyush Gurbhele
| style="background:#d0f0c0" |Nainika Anasuru
| bgcolor=gold|Shivam Wankhede
| [[Sahil Khattar]]
| [[Amruta Khanvilkar]]
|-
! [[Dance India Dance Battle Of The Champions|7]]
| 22 June 2019 – 29 September 2019
| 15
| 30
|bgcolor=orange| Unreal Crew
| Bgcolor=cyan|I Am Hip-Hop
|Bgcolor =Navajowhite|Pranshu & Kuldeep
|Bgcolor =yellow|Mukul Gain
|Bgcolor =Navajowhite|Akshay Pal
| colspan="2" | [[Karan Wahi]] [[Dheeraj Dhoopar]] (First Episode)
| [[Kareena Kapoor]], [[Bosco Martis]] & [[Raftaar]]
|}
{{color box|tomato}} indicates Geeta ki Gang 
{{color box|#FFFF90}} indicates Remo ke Rangeelay 
{{color box|#87ceeb}} indicates Terrence ki Toli 
{{color box|pink}} indicates Shruti ke Shandaar 
{{color box|gold}} indicates Mudassar ki Mandali 
{{color box|lightgreen}} indicates Feroz ki Fauz 
{{color box|lightblue}} indicates Gaiti ke Gangsters 
{{color box|#FFE5B4}} indicates Punit ke Panthers 
{{color box|#d0f0c0}} indicates Mini ke Masterblasters 
{{color box|turquoise}} indicates Marzi ke Mastane 
{{color box|orange}} indicates North ke Nawabs 
{{color box|yellow}} indicates East ke Tigers 
{{color box|cyan}} indicates South ke Thalaivas 
{{color box|Navajowhite}} indicates West ke Singhams

==Hosts and judges==
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%; text-align:center"
|-
! Judges
!{{nowrap| Season 1}}
! {{nowrap|Season 2}}
! {{nowrap|Season 3}}
! {{nowrap|Season 4}}
!{{nowrap|Season 5}}
!Season 6
!Season 7 
!{{nowrap| ''Li'l Champs ''}} {{nowrap|Season 1}}
!{{nowrap|''Li'l Champs''}} {{nowrap| Season 2}}
!{{nowrap| ''Li'l Champs''}} {{nowrap| Season 3}}
!{{nowrap|''Li'l Champs ''}} {{nowrap|Season 4}}
!{{nowrap|''Li'l Champs ''}} {{nowrap|Season 5}}
!{{nowrap|''Super Moms ''}} {{nowrap|Season 1}}
!{{nowrap|''Super Moms ''}} {{nowrap|Season 2}}
!{{nowrap|''Super Moms ''}} {{nowrap|Season 3}}
!Dance Ke Superstars
!Dance Ke Superkids
!Dance Ka Tashan
|-
! {{Nowrap|[[Mithun Chakraborty]]}}
| colspan="6" bgcolor="purple" |
| bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| colspan="3" rowspan="1" bgcolor="purple" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="purple" |
| colspan="5" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Ahmed Khan (choreographer)|Ahmed Khan]]
| colspan="9" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="7" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
|-
![[Bhagyashree]]
| colspan="14" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="3" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Bosco Martis]]
| colspan="6" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="11" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Chitrangada Singh]]
| colspan="10" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="7" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
! [[Geeta Kapoor]]
| colspan="3" bgcolor=yellow|
| colspan="5" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor=yellow|
| colspan="3" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor=yellow|
| colspan="2" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor="yellow" |
|-
![[Farah Khan]]
| colspan="7" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="4" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="3" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
|bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Sandip Soparrkar]]
| colspan="7" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="10" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Siddharth Anand]]
| colspan="10" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="7" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Sonali Bendre]]
| colspan="11" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="6" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Shiamak Davar]]
| colspan="15" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
! [[Mudassar Khan]]
| colspan="3" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| colspan="3" bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="12" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]]
| colspan="3" bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="10" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="4" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Govinda (actor)|Govinda]]
| colspan="13" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="4" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
! [[Remo D'Souza]]
| colspan="3" bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="8" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
!Feroz Khan
| colspan="3" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="14" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Marzi Pestonji]]
| colspan="5" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
|bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
|bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="3" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
|bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Punit Pathak]]
| bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|Bgcolor=lightblue|
| colspan="2" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="13" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
!Gaiti Siddiqui
| colspan="4" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="13" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Mouni Roy]]
| colspan="11" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="6" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Raftaar]]
| colspan="6" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="11" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Urmila Matondkar]]
| colspan="14" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="3" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
!Shruti Merchant
| colspan="3" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="14" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
!Mini Pradhan
| colspan="5" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="12" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Kareena Kapoor]]
| colspan="6" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="yellow" |
| colspan="11" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Jay Bhanushali]]
| colspan="5" bgcolor="orange" |
| colspan="3" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="orange" |
|bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor="orange" |
| colspan="2" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="orange" |
|bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="orange" |
|bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Rithvik Dhanjani]]
| colspan="17" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="orange" |
|-
!Vighnesh Pande
| colspan="10" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="orange" |
| colspan="7" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Karan Wahi]]
| colspan="6" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="orange" |
| colspan="6" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="orange" |
| colspan="4" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
!Sahil Khattar
| colspan="3" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="orange" |
| colspan="14" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Amruta Khanvilkar]]
| colspan="5" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
| bgcolor="orange" |
| colspan="12" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Saumya Tandon]]
| colspan="4" bgcolor="orange" |
| colspan="14" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
!Shreya Acharya
| colspan="16" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="orange" |
|bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Ishita Sharma]]
| colspan="5" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="orange" |
| colspan="12" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
![[Manish Paul]]
| colspan="7" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|bgcolor="orange" |
| colspan="10" bgcolor="lightgrey" |
|-
! colspan="19"|{{color box|purple}} Grand Judge {{color box|yellow}} Judge {{color box|orange}} Host {{color box|lightblue}} Contestant
|-
|}

== Season 1 ==
{{Infobox television season
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season
| judges = [[Mithun Chakraborty]] (head judge) [[Geeta Kapoor]] [[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]] [[Remo D'Souza]]
| host = [[Jay Bhanushali]] [[Saumya Tandon]]
| num_contestants =
| winner = [[Salman Yusuff Khan]]
| runner_up = [[Alisha Singh]]
}}
| num_episodes = 35
| first_aired = {{Start date|2009|01|30|df=yes}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2009|05|30|df=yes}}
| network = [[Zee TV]]
}}
'''The first season''' started on 30 January 2009. This season was hosted by [[Jay Bhanushali]] and [[Saumya Tandon]]. The grand finale was aired on 30 May 2009 and winner was [[Salman Yusuff Khan]].

'''Masters''':
*[[Remo D'Souza]], his team was named ''Remo Ke Rangeelay''.
*[[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]], his team was named ''Terence Ki Toli''.
*[[Geeta Kapoor]], her team was named ''Geeta Ki Gang''.

'''Top 18 Contestants''':

''Remo Ke Rangeelay'':
*[[Salman Yusuff Khan]]
*Prince R. Gupta
*Khushboo Purohit
*Mangesh Mondal
*Bhavana Purohit
*Rakhee Sharma

''Terence Ki Toli'':
*[[Alisha Singh]]
*Jai Kumar Nair
*Mayuresh Wadkar
*Vrushali Chavan
*Kiran Sutavne
*Shubho Das

''Geeta Ki Gang'':

*Siddhesh Pai
*[[Sunita Gogoi]]
*Paulson
*Mandakini Jena
*Nonie Sachdeva
*Jigar Ghatge

'''Finalists''':
#[[Salman Yusuff Khan]] (from Remo Ke Rangeelay) was the winner.
#[[Alisha Singh]] (from Terence Ki Toli) was 1st runner-up.
#Siddhesh Pai (from Geeta Ki Gang) was 2nd runner-up.
#Jai Kumar Nair (from Terence Ki Toli) was 3rd runner-up.

== Season 2 ==
{{Infobox television season
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season
| judges = [[Mithun Chakraborty]] (head judge) [[Geeta Kapoor]] [[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]] [[Remo D'Souza]]
| host = [[Jay Bhanushali]] [[Saumya Tandon]]
| num_contestants =
| winner = [[Shakti Mohan]]
| runner_up = [[Dharmesh Yelande]]
}}
| num_episodes = 37
| first_aired = {{Start date|2009|12|18|df=yes}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2010|04|23|df=yes}}
| network = [[Zee TV]]
}}
'''The second season''' started on 18 December 2009. This season was also hosted by [[Jay Bhanushali]] and [[Saumya Tandon]]. The grand finale was aired on 23 April 2010 and winner was [[Shakti Mohan]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Dance India Dance Season 2|url=http://www.ozee.com/shows/dance-india-dance-season-2|access-date=16 December 2017|archive-date=16 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216092009/http://www.ozee.com/shows/dance-india-dance-season-2|url-status=dead}}</ref>

'''Masters''':
*[[Remo D'Souza]], his team was named ''Remo Ke Rangeelay''.
*[[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]], his team was named ''Terence Ki Toli''.
*[[Geeta Kapoor]], her team was named ''Geeta Ki Gang''.

'''Top 21 Contestants''':

''Remo Ke Rangeelay'':
*[[Punit Pathak]]
*Bhavna Khanduja
*[[Nikkitasha Marwaha]]
*Shashank Dogra
*Meenu Panchal
*Naresh Mondal

''Terence Ki Toli'':
*[[Shakti Mohan]]
*[[Kunwar Amar]]
*[[Kruti Mahesh]]
*Parvez Rehmani
*Vandana
*Ameet
*Jack Gill (Wildcard)

''Geeta Ki Gang'':
*[[Dharmesh Yelande]]
*[[Binny Sharma]]
*Amrita Mitra (wildcard)
*Kishore Aman
*Tina Pradkar
*Altaf
*Shruti

'''Finalists''':
#[[Shakti Mohan]] (from Terence Ki Toli) was the winner.
#[[Dharmesh Yelande]] (from Geeta Ki Gang) was 1st runner-up.
#[[Punit Pathak]] (from Remo Ke Rangeelay) was 2nd runner-up.
#[[Binny Sharma]] (from Geeta Ki Gang) was 3rd runner-up.

== Season 3 ==
{{Infobox television season
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season
| judges = [[Mithun Chakraborty]] (head judge) [[Geeta Kapoor]] [[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]] [[Remo D'Souza]]
| host = [[Jay Bhanushali]] [[Saumya Tandon]]
| num_contestants =
| winner = [[Rajasmita Kar]]
| runner_up = Pradeep Gurung
}}
| num_episodes = 35
| first_aired = {{Start date|2011|12|24|df=yes}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2012|04|21|df=yes}}
| network = [[Zee TV]]
}}
'''The third season''' started on 24 December 2011. This season was also hosted by [[Jay Bhanushali]] and [[Saumya Tandon]]. The grand finale was aired on 21 April 2012 and winner was [[Rajasmita Kar]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Dance India Dance Season 3|url=http://www.ozee.com/shows/dance-india-dance-season-3|access-date=16 December 2017|archive-date=16 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216092136/http://www.ozee.com/shows/dance-india-dance-season-3|url-status=dead}}</ref>

'''Masters''':
*[[Remo D'Souza]], his team was named ''Remo Ke Rangeelay''.
*[[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]], his team was named ''Terence Ki Toli''.
*[[Geeta Kapoor]], her team was named ''Geeta Ki Gang''.

'''Top 18 Contestants''':

''Remo Ke Rangeelay'':
*Sanam Johar
*[[Mohena Singh]]
*Vaibhav Ghuge
*Lipsa Acharya
*Hardik Raval
*Manju Sharma

''Terence Ki Toli'':
*Pradeep Gurung
*[[Raghav Juyal]] (wildcard)
*[[Neerav Bavlecha]] (wildcard)
*Sneha Gupta
*Piyali Saha
*Varoon Kumar
*Sneha Kapoor
*Chotu Lohar

''Geeta Ki Gang'':
*Rajasmita Kar
*Abheek Banerjee
*Paul Marshal
*Urvashi Gandhi
*Riddhika Singh
*Shafeer

'''Finalists''':
#[[Rajasmita Kar]] (from Geeta Ki Gang) was the winner.
#Pradeep Gurung (from Terence Ki Toli) was 1st runner-up.
#[[Raghav Juyal]] (from Terence Ki Toli) was 2nd runner-up.
#Sanam Johar (from Remo Ke Rangeelay) was 3rd runner-up.
#[[Mohena Singh]] (from Remo Ke Rangeelay) was 4th runner-up.

== Season 4 ==
{{Infobox television season
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season
| judges = [[Mithun Chakraborty]] (head judge) [[Mudassar Khan]] [[Feroz Khan (choreographer)|Feroz Khan]] Shruti Merchant
| host = [[Jay Bhanushali]] [[Ishita Sharma]]
| num_contestants =
| winner = [[Shyam Yadav]]
| runner_up = Manan Sachdeva
}}
| num_episodes = 34
| first_aired = {{Start date|2013|10|26|df=yes}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2014|02|22|df=yes}}
| network = [[Zee TV]]
}}
'''The fourth season''' started on 26 October 2013. This season was hosted by [[Jay Bhanushali]] and [[Ishita Sharma]]. The grand finale was aired on 22 February 2014 and winner was Shyam Yadav from Mudassar ki Mandli.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dance India Dance Season 4|url=http://www.ozee.com/shows/dance-india-dance-season-4/video|access-date=16 December 2017|archive-date=29 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129164637/http://www.ozee.com/shows/dance-india-dance-season-4/video|url-status=dead}}</ref>

'''Masters''':
*[[Mudassar Khan]], his team was named ''Mudassar Ki Mandali''.
*Shruti Merchant, her team was named ''Shruti Ke Shandar''.
*Feroz Khan, his team was named ''Feroz Ki Fauj''.

'''Top 11 Contestants''':

''Mudassar Ki Mandali'':
*[[Shyam Yadav]]
*Swarali Karulkar
*Dhiraj Bakshi

''Shruti Ke Shandar'':
*Manan Sachdeva
*[[Sumedh Mudgalkar]]
*Shrishti Jain
*Suniketa Bore

''Feroz Ki Fauj'':
*Biki Das
*Arundhati Garnaik
*Ashutosh Pawar
*Sapna Suryawanshi

'''Finalists''':
#[[Shyam Yadav]] (from Mudassar Ki Mandali) was the winner.
#Manan Sachdeva (from Shruti Ke Shandar) was 1st runner-up.
#Biki Das (from Firoz Ki Fauj) was 2nd runner-up.
#Sumedh Mudgalkar (from Shruti Ke Shandar) was 3rd runner-up.

== Season 5 ==
{{Infobox television season
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season
| judges = [[Mithun Chakraborty]] (head judge) [[Mudassar Khan]] [[Punit Pathak]] Gaiti Siddiqui
| host = [[Jay Bhanushali]]
| num_contestants =
| winner = [[Proneeta Swargiary]]
| runner_up = Nirmal Tamang
}}
| num_episodes = 31
| first_aired = {{Start date|2015|06|27|df=yes}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2015|10|10|df=yes}}
| network = [[Zee TV]]
}}
'''The fifth season''' started on 27 June 2015. This season was hosted by [[Jay Bhanushali]]. The grand finale was aired on 10 October 2015 and winner was [[Proneeta Swargiary]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Dance India Dance Season 5|url=https://www.zee5.com/tvshows/details/dance-india-dance-season-5/0-6-113}}</ref>

'''Masters''':
*[[Mudassar Khan]], his team was named ''Mudassar Ki Mandali''.
*[[Punit Pathak]], his team was named ''Punit Ke Panthers''.
*Gaiti Siddiqui, her team was named ''Gaiti Ke Gangsters''.

'''Top 15 Contestants''':

''Mudassar Ki Mandali'':
*Kaushik Mandal
*Saddam Hussain Sheikh
*Anuradha Iyengar
*Vicky Alhat
*Shruti Sinha

''Punit Ke Panthers'':
*[[Proneeta Swargiary]]
*Ashish Vashistha
*Sally Sheikh
*Pankaj Thapa
*Haroon Rao

''Gaiti Ke Gangsters'':
*Nirmal Tamang
*Sahil Adanaya
*Anila Rajan
*Shweta Poojari
*Priya Varunesh Kumar

'''Finalists''':
#[[Proneeta Swargiary]] (from Punit Ke Panthers) was the winner.
#Nirmal Tamang (from Gaiti Ke Gangsters) was 1st runner-up.
#Sahil Adanaya (from Gaiti Ke Gangsters) was 2nd runner-up.
#Kaushik Mandal (from Mudassar Ki Mandali) was 3rd runner-up.
#Ashish Vashistha (from Punit Ke Panthers) was 4th runner-up.

== Season 6 ==
{{Infobox television season
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season
| judges = [[Mithun Chakraborty]] (head judge) [[Mudassar Khan]] [[Marzi Pestonji]] Mini Pradhan
| host = [[Amruta Khanvilkar]] Sahil Khattar
| num_contestants =
| winner = Sanket Gaonkar
| runner_up = Sachin Sharma
}}
| num_episodes = 31
| first_aired = {{Start date|2017|11|04|df=yes}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2018|02|18|df=yes}}
| network = [[Zee TV]]
}}
'''The sixth season''' was aired from 4 November 2017. This season is being hosted by [[Amruta Khanvilkar]] and [[Sahil Khattar]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Dance India Dance - 2017|url=https://www.zee5.com/tvshows/details/dance-india-dance-2017/0-6-678}}</ref>

'''Masters''':
*[[Mudassar Khan]], his team is named ''Mudassar Ki Mandali''.
*[[Marzi Pestonji]], his team is named ''Marzi Ke Mastane''.
*Mini Pradhan, her team is named ''Mini Ke Masterblasters''.

'''Top Contestants''':

''Mudassar Ki Mandali'':
*Shivam Wankhede
*Paramdeep Singh
*Alphons Chetty
*Daphisha Kharbani
*Ria Chatterjee
*Deepak

''Marzi Ke Mastane'':
*Sachin Sharma
*Kalpita Kachroo
*Punyakar Upadhyay
*Shweta Warrier
*[[Shweta Sharda]]
*Rahul Burman

''Mini Ke Masterblasters'':
*Sanket Gaonkar
*Piyush Gurbhele
*Nainika Anasuru (Wildcard Entry)
*Sujan Marpa
*Deepak Hulsure (Wildcard Entry)
*Sonal Vichare
*Mitesh Roy
*Sarang Roy

'''Finalists''':

# Sanket Gaonkar (from ''Mini Ke Masterblasters'') is the winner
# Sachin Sharma (from ''Marzi Ke Mastane'') is the first runner up
# Piyush Gurbhele (from ''Mini Ke Masterblasters'') is the second runner up
# Nainika Anasuru (from ''Mini Ke Masterblasters'') is the third runner up
# Shivam Wankhede (from ''Mudassar Ki Mandali) is'' fourth runner up

==Season 7==
{{main|Dance India Dance: Battle of the Champions}}
{{Infobox television season
| module1 = {{Infobox reality competition season
| judges =
*[[Kareena Kapoor]]
*[[Bosco Martis]]
*[[Raftaar (rapper)|Raftaar]]
| host = [[Karan Wahi]]
| num_contestants =
| winner = Unreal Crew
| runner_up = I Am Hip-hop
}}
| num_episodes = 30
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|06|22|}}
| last_aired = {{End date|2019|09|29|df=yes}}
| network = [[Zee TV]]
}}
The seventh season, entitled "Battle Of The Champions" started airing from 22 June 2019. This season was hosted by [[Karan Wahi]]. Unreal Crew of "North Ke Nawabs" emerged as the winner.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-09-30 |title=Dance India Dance Season 7: Unreal Crew emerge as winners; I am Hip Hop, Kuldeep & Pranshu named runners-up - Entertainment News , Firstpost |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dance-india-dance-season-7-unreal-crew-emerge-as-winners-i-am-hip-hop-kuldeep-pranshu-named-runners-up-7424211.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20200828145713/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/dance-india-dance-season-7-unreal-crew-emerge-as-winners-i-am-hip-hop-kuldeep-pranshu-named-runners-up-7424211.html |archive-date=2020-08-28 |access-date=2026-02-23 |work=Firstpost |language=en-US}}</ref>

===Judges===
*[[Bosco Martis]]
*[[Kareena Kapoor Khan]]
*[[Raftaar (rapper)|Raftaar]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 28, 2019 |title=Kareena Kapoor Khan joins Raftaar, Bosco Martis as co-judge for reality show Dance India Dance season 7 |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/kareena-kapoor-khan-joins-raftaar-bosco-martis-as-co-judge-for-reality-show-dance-india-dance-season-7-6712851.html |access-date=February 23, 2026 |website=[[Firstpost]]}}</ref>

===Zones Coaches===

* Paul Marshal (West Ke Singhams)
** Pranshu & Kuldeep ([[Lyrical dance|Lyrical]]) (2nd Runner-Up)
** Akshay Pal ([[Popping]]) (4th Runner-Up)
** Saakshi & Shambhavi ([[Freestyle dance|Freestyle]]) (Eliminated on 11 August 2019)
** Akash & Suraj ([[Freestyle dance|Freestyle]]) (Eliminated on 18 August 2018)
** Kings Squad ([[Hip-hop dance|Hip-Hop]]) (Eliminated on 1 September 2019)
** Mansi Dhruv ([[Hindi dance music|Bollywood]]) (Eliminated on 22 September 2019)

* Palden Lama Mawroh/Nirmal Tamang (East Ke Tigers)
** Mukul Gain ([[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]) (3rd Runner-Up)
** Nrutya Naivedya ([[Odissi]]) (Eliminated on 7 July 2019)
** Pop & Flex ([[Popping]]) (Eliminated on 14 July 2019)
** M.D. Hasan ([[Breakdancing|B-Boying]]) (Eliminated on 28 July 2019)
** Richika Sinha ([[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]]) (Eliminated on 8 September 2019)

* Bhawna Khanduja (North Ke Nawabs)
** Unreal Crew (Tuttmation - Tutting and Animation) (winner)
** Malka Praveen ([[Hip-hop dance|Hip-Hop]] and [[Freestyle dance|Freestyle]]) (Eliminated on 21 July 2019)
** Hardik Rawat ([[Contemporary dance|Contemporary]] and [[Hip-hop dance|Hip-Hop]]) (withdrew Due to Injury on 28 July 2019)
** N-House Crew ([[Freestyle dance|Freestyle]]) (Eliminated on 22 September 2019)

* Sneha Kapoor (South Ke Thalaiwa)
** I Am Hip-Hop ([[Hip-hop dance|Hip-Hop]]) (runner-up)
** Ramya & Bhaskar ([[Freestyle dance|Freestyle]]) (Eliminated on 7 July 2019)
** Loyala Dream Team ([[Hip-hop dance|Hip-Hop]] and Urban Choreography) (Eliminated on 14 July 2019)
** Anil & Tejas ([[Freestyle dance|Freestyle]]) (Eliminated on 21 July 2019)
** The Soul Queens ([[Bollywood]] and [[Hip-hop dance|Hip-Hop]]) (Eliminated on 25 August 2019)

== Li'l Masters ==
{{Infobox television
| alt_name = DID Li'l Masters
| genre = [[Reality television|Reality]]
| presenter = {{plainlist|
* [[Manish Paul]]
* [[Jay Bhanushali]]
}}
| judges = {{plainlist|
* [[Mithun Chakraborty]] (head judge till season 3)
* [[Farah Khan]]
* [[Sandip Soparrkar]]
* [[Geeta Kapoor]]
* [[Marzi Pestonji]]
* [[Ahmed Khan (choreographer)|Ahmed Khan]]
* [[Siddharth Anand]]
* [[Chitrangada Singh]]
* [[Remo D'Souza]]
* [[Sonali Bendre]]
* [[Mouni Roy]]
}}
| opentheme = "D.I.D. Little Masters"
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 5
| num_episodes =
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 1 hour
| company =
| network = [[Zee TV]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2010|04|30|df=yes}}
| last_aired = present
}}

=== ''Li'l Master season 1'' ===
The first season of ''DID L'il Masters'' was judged by [[Farah Khan]] and [[Sandip Soparrkar]]. It was hosted by [[Manish Paul]].

The four skippers were Jai (DID 1), Vrushali and Mayuresh (DID 1), Amrutha (DID 2), and Dharmesh (DID 2). Their teams were:

* ''Dharmesh ke Dhinchak'': Jeetumoni Kalita, Vaishnavi Patil, Ruturaj Mahalim, Khyati Patel
* ''Jai ke Jhatang-Fatang:'' Vatsal Vithlani, Papiya Sarkar, Atul Banmoria, Divyam Viajyvergia
* ''Vrushali aur Mayuresh ke Dhum-Dhadake:'' Manoj Rathod, Hansika Singh, [[Avneet Kaur]], Neel Shah
* ''Amritha ke Aflatoon:'' Anurag Sarmah, Khushabu Kargutkar, Shubham Maheshwari, Shivani Baranwal

==== Top 4 Finalists ====
* Jeetumoni Kalita (winner)
* Atul Banmoria (1st Runner Up)
* Vaishnavi Patil (2nd Runner Up)
* Manoj Rathod (3rd Runner Up)

=== ''Li'l Master season 2'' ===
''DID L'il Masters 2'' was judged by [[Geeta Kapoor]] and [[Marzi Pestonji]]. It was hosted by [[Jay Bhanushali]].

The four skippers were Prince (DID 1), Raghav (DID 3), Kruti (DID 2), and Neerav (DID 3). The teams were:

* ''Prince ke Paltan'': Faisal, Shalini, Deep, Shreya
* ''Raghav ke Rockstars'': Saummya, Rohan, Yash, Susanket
* ''Kruti ke Kracters'': Om, Uday, Rimsha, Jnana
* ''Neerav ke Ninjas'': Shreya, Tanay (WC), Jeet (WC), Rishi, Shivam

==== Top Finalists ====
* Faisal Khan (winner)
* Om Chetry (1st Runner Up)
* Rohan Parkale (2nd Runner Up)
* Saumya Rai (3rd Runner Up)

=== ''Li'l Master season 3'' ===
The third season began broadcasting on 1 March 2014.<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-dance-india-dance-li-l-masters-3-participants-unveiled-1971251 Dance India Dance Li'l Masters 3 participants unveiled]</ref><ref>[http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/screen/did-lil-masters-season-3-pocket-dynamites/ DID L’il Masters — Season 3/ Pocket dynamites]</ref> [[Geeta Kapoor]], [[Ahmed Khan (choreographer)|Ahmad Khan]], and [[Mudassar Khan]] were judges, along with Sanam Johar (did3), [[Raghav Juyal|Raghav]] Crockroaz Juyal (did3),(Lil M2)/ Omkar Shinde, [[Rahul Shetty]] and Paul Marshal Cardoz (did3) and Swarali Karulkar (did1), as skippers.<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news-interviews/Geeta-Kapoor-Ahmad-Khan-back-with-DID-Lil-Masters-Season-3/articleshow/28876761.cms Geeta Kapoor & Ahmad Khan back with DID L’il Masters Season 3]</ref><ref>[http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/screen/tellybuzz-geeta-kapoor-ahmed-khan-team-up-again/ Geeta Kapoor, Ahmed Khan return as judges on ‘DID’]</ref><ref>[http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/idiotbox/i-was-scared-of-judging-choreographer-ahmad-khan_150662.html I was scared of judging: Choreographer Ahmad Khan]</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/tv/this-dance-show-will-scare-you-geeta-kapur/story-gNcqiWDDS0oeXT4p4qWhSP.html | title=This dance show will scare you: Geeta Kapur | date=26 April 2013 | newspaper=Hindustan Times | agency=IANS | access-date=28 September 2019 }}</ref> The teams were Raghav/Omkar ke Rockstar, Sanam ke Superheroes, Rahul and Paul ke Rapchik Punters and Swarali ke Sparklers. [[Teriya Magar]] from Nepal was declared the winner,<ref>{{cite web|title=11 Year Old Teriya Magar wins Dance India Dance L'il Masters' season 3 |url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/06/11-year-old-teriya-magar-wins-dance-india-dance-lil-masters-season-3/|work=IANS|publisher=news.biharprabha.com|access-date=22 June 2014}}</ref> and Anushka Chetry became the 1st runner-up. Sadhwin Shetty was the 2nd runner-up. Hardik Ruparel was declared the 3rd runner-up

=== ''Li'l Master season 4'' ===
DID Li'l Masters returned with its 4th season after 4 years. It began broadcasting on 3 March 2018. Marzi Pestonji, [[Chitrangada Singh]] and [[Siddharth Anand]] were the judges along with Vaishnavi Patil (li'l M1),(JDJ5),(JDJ6),(JDJ7),(JDJ8),(JDJ9),(DC1),(DD3) Jitumoni Kalita (li'l M1), [[Tanay Malhara]] (Li'l M2),(D+2,) and [[Bir Radha Sherpa]] (li'l M2),(D+3),(DC1) as the skippers. The teams were divided into Vaishnavi Ke Veer, Jitumoni Ke Janbaaz, Tanay Ke Tigers and Bir Ke Baahubali. Jiya Thakur from Vaishnavi Ke Veer won the title. Urva Bhavsar from Jitumoni Ke Janbaaz finsihed as the first runner-up followed by Tamman Gamnu from Bir Ke Baahubali. The season was hosted by Jay Bhanushali and Vighnesh Pande.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-06-18 |title=DID Li'l Masters Season 4 winner: Jiya Thakur bags the trophy |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/did-lil-masters-season-4-jiya-thakur-emerges-as-the-winner-of-the-dance-show/articleshow/64629094.cms |access-date=2026-02-18 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

=== ''Li'l Master season 5'' ===
DID Li'l Masters returned with its 5th season. It began broadcasting on 12 March 2022 with [[Remo D'Souza]], [[Sonali Bendre]] and [[Mouni Roy]] as the judges with [[Jay Bhanushali]] as the host. The skippers for the season are Paul Marshal (DID3),(DID7),(Li'l M2),(SD1),(SD2),(SD3),(SD4),(IBD1),(IBD2), [[Vartika Jha]] (DD1),(D+4),(IBD1), (SD4), (IBD2) and Vaibhav Ghuge (DID3),(SD1),(SD2),(SD3),(SD4),(IBD1),(IBD2).
===Contestant Status===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style=" text-align:center; font-size:85%; line-height:25px; width:auto;"
!Contestants
!Captain
!Status
!Place
!Date of Elimination
|-
|Nabojit
| bgcolor="cyan" |'''Vaibhav'''
|bgcolor=lightgreen|Winner
|1st
| rowspan="5" | 26 June 2022
|-
|Appun
|bgcolor="cyan" |'''Vaibhav'''
|{{Runner-up|1st Runner-Up}}
|2nd
|-
|Aadyashree
|bgcolor="cyan" |'''Vaibhav'''
|style="background:#7FFFD4;" |{{nowrap|2nd Runner-Up }}
|3rd
|-
|Sagar
| bgcolor="turquoise" |'''Paul'''
|style="background:#DDA0DD;" |{{nowrap|3rd Runner-up }}
|4th
|-
|Rishita
|bgcolor="cyan" |'''Vaibhav'''
|style="background:#FF69B4; text-align:center;" |4th Runner-up
|5th
|-
|Sadiya
| bgcolor="skyblue" |'''Vartika'''
|{{No|Eliminated}}
| rowspan="2" |6th-7th
| rowspan="2" |18 June 2022
|-
|Aarav
| bgcolor="turquoise" |'''Paul'''
|{{No|Eliminated}}
|-
|Mannsi
|bgcolor="skyblue" |'''Vartika'''
|{{No|Eliminated}}
|8th
|12 June 2022
|-
|Sanvi
| bgcolor="turquoise" |'''Paul'''
|{{No|Eliminated}}
|9th
|5 June 2022
|-
|Shristi
| bgcolor="skyblue" |'''Vartika'''
|{{No|Eliminated}}
|10th
|29 May 2022
|-
|Rupsa
| bgcolor="turquoise" |'''Paul'''
|{{No|Eliminated}}
|11th
|15 May 2022
|-
|Vighnesh
|bgcolor="turquoise" |'''Paul'''
|{{No|Eliminated}}
|12th
|1 May 2022
|-
|Atharv
|bgcolor=cyan|'''Vaibhav'''
|{{No|Eliminated}}
| rowspan="3" |13th-15th
| rowspan="3" |24 April 2022
|-
|Srushty
| bgcolor="skyblue"|'''Vartika'''
|{{No|Eliminated}}
|-
|Anand
|bgcolor="skyblue" |'''Vartika'''
|{{No|Eliminated}}
|}

==''Dance India Dance L'il Masters North America Edition''==
Auditions were conducted in April 2014 with over 10,000 contestants auditioning from all across the US, Canada and Europe. Out of them 10 contestants were chosen and were flown to Mumbai, India to compete in the finals. The winner was Akhil and the first runner-up was [[Avantika Vandanapu]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roy |first=Priyanka |date=September 2, 2021 |title=Meet Avantika Vandanapu, the breakout star of Disney’s ‘Spin’ |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/meet-avantika-vandanapu-the-breakout-star-of-disneys-spin/cid/1828964 |access-date=February 15, 2026 |website=[[Telegraph India]]}}</ref>

== ''Doubles'' ==
The shows consisted of 12 finalist couples. The Grand Finale was scheduled for filming 7 April 2011 at the Andheri Sports Complex for broadcast on 9 April 2011.<ref>{{cite web |date=2011-04-02 |title=DID Doubles finale not live? |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/DID-Doubles-finale-not-live/Article1-680419.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831074208/http://www.hindustantimes.com/DID-Doubles-finale-not-live/Article1-680419.aspx |archive-date=31 August 2011 |access-date=2012-04-18 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |df=dmy}}</ref> Amit and Falon were voted the winners of the season, with [[Mithun Chakraborty]] crowning them with the ‘Taqdeer Ki Topi’.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 14, 2011 |title=Dance India Dance doubles finale |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/dance-india-dance-doubles-finale/cid/402546 |access-date=February 15, 2026 |website=[[Telegraph India]]}}</ref>

== Super Moms ==
{{Infobox television
| alt_name = DID Super Moms
| genre = [[Reality television|Reality]]
| presenter = {{plainlist|
* [[Jay Bhanushali]]
* [[Karan Wahi]]
}}
| judges = {{plainlist|
* [[Mithun Chakraborty]] (head judge 2013)
* [[Farah Khan]]
* [[Marzi Pestonji]]
* [[Govinda (actor)|Govinda]]
* [[Geeta Kapoor]]
* [[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]]
* [[Remo D'Souza]]
* [[Urmila Matondkar]]
* [[Bhagyashree]]
}}
| opentheme = "D.I.D. Super Moms"
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 3
| num_episodes =
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 1 hour
| company =
| network = [[Zee TV]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2013|06|01|df=yes}}
| last_aired = present
}}

=== ''Super Moms Season 1'' ===
The first season started on 1 June 2013, where, Mithu Chakravarty from [[Kolkata]] was declared the winner of ''Dance India Dance Super Moms'' 2013 Season, while Cecille Rodrigues from [[Goa]] was the 1st runner-up, and Shraddha Shah Raj from [[Surat]] was the 2nd runner-up. The show was judged by Farah Khan and Marzi Pestonji. <ref name=bp>{{cite web|title=Meet Mithu Chowdhury who became India's 1st DID Super Mom|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2013/09/meet-mithu-chowdhury-who-became-indias-1st-did-super-mom/|access-date=9 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ashvin Borad Filmography {{!}} Biography of Ashvin Borad {{!}} Ashvin Borad |url=https://www.indianfilmhistory.com/crew/ashvin-borad |website=www.indianfilmhistory.com |publisher=Raj Israni}}</ref> The finale was held in [[Surat]].

=== ''Super Moms Season 2'' ===
The second season started on 28 March 2015.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.zeetv.com/shows/dance-india-dance-super-moms/ | title=South Movies - Watch New Released South Movies in HD on ZEE5 }}</ref>
Harpreet Khatri, who hails from [[Mumbai]], was announced as the winner of ''Dance India Dance Super Moms Season 2'' in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-06-14 |title=‘DID Super Moms’ winner wants to choreograph Deepika Padukone-Ranveer Singh |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/did-super-moms-winner-wants-to-choreograph-deepika-padukone-ranveer-singh/ |access-date=2026-02-15 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref> Season 2 was anchored by popular TV actor [[Karan Wahi]]. Season 2 was judged by [[Geeta Kapoor]], [[Govinda (actor)|Govinda]], and [[Terence Lewis (choreographer)|Terence Lewis]].

=== ''Super Moms Season 3'' ===
{{main|DID Super Moms (Season 3)}}

Season 3 was judged by [[Remo D'Souza]], [[Bhagyashree]] & [[Urmila Matondkar]] and hosted by [[Jay Bhanushali]]. It started on 2 July 2022. This season was won by Varsha Bumra and her choreographer Vartika Jha.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-09-25 |title=Exclusive! Winner of DID Super Moms 3 Varsha Bumra, a labourer from Haryana, lifts the trophy |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-varsha-bumra-a-labourer-from-haryana-lifts-the-did-super-moms-3-trophy/articleshow/94432524.cms |access-date=2026-02-15 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Special shows ==

=== ''Dance Ke Superstars'' ===
''Dance Ke Superstars'' featured contestants from the first two seasons to compete against each other. The show was judged by choreographers [[Remo D'Souza]] and [[Shiamak Davar]], and featured a guest judge every week. Team Jalwa, the Season 2 DID contestants, won the series.

=== ''Dance Ke Superkids'' ===
''Dance ke Superkids- Battle of the Baaps!'' featured contestants from the first two seasons of ''DID L'iL Masters''. It was judged by [[Geeta Kapoor]], [[Farah Khan]] and [[Marzi Pestonji]] and hosted by [[Jay Bhanushali]] and [[Shreya Acharya]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120815072528/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Television/Farah-Khan-and-Geeta-Kapoor-team-up/Article1-913431.aspx Farah Khan and Geeta Kapoor team up]</ref><ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-these-kids-will-put-us-elders-to-shame-dance-guru-geeta-kapur-1681303 These kids will put us elders to shame: Dance 'guru' Geeta Kapur]</ref> Team Yahoo, also known as ''DID L'il Masters Season 2'', was led by Captain [[Raghav Juyal]] and choreographers: [[Kruti Mahesh]] and Prince Gupta. They won the competition with [[Faisal Khan (actor born 1998)|Faisal Khan]], Soumya Rai, [[Rohan Parkale]], Om Chetri, Jeet Das, Shalini Moitra and [[Tanay Malhara]] dancing their way to victory. Team Wakao, also known as ''DID L'il Masters Season 1'', was led by Captain [[Dharmesh Yelande]] and choreographers: Mayuresh Vadkar and Vrushali Chavan; with dancing contestants: [[Jeetumoni Kalita]], Vatsal Vithlani, Ruturaj Mahalim, Vaishnavi Patil, Atul Banmoria, Anurag Sarmah and Khyati Patel.

=== ''Dance Ka Tashan'' ===
''DID Dance Ka Tashan'' featured contestants from ''Dance India Dance Super Moms'' competing against contestants from ''Dance India Dance L'il Masters 2''. The show aired in November 2013 and was judged by choreographer [[Ahmed Khan (choreographer)|Ahmed Khan]] and [[Geeta Kapoor]] and hosted by TV actor [[Rithvik Dhanjani]] and ''[[India's Best Dramebaaz]]'' contestant Nihar. The show was won by Team Todu, the ''DID L'il Masters Season 2'' contestants, Faisal, Soumya, Rohan, Om, Shalini, Deep, Tanay, Jeet and Shreya.

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=note}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.zee5.com/channels/details/zee-tv-hd/0-9-zeetvhd ZEE TV Official Channel]
* {{IMDb title | 1392552 }}
* [https://www.zee5.com/tvshows/details/dance-india-dance-battle-of-the-champions/0-6-1789 Dance India Dance] Streaming on [[ZEE5]]

{{Dance India Dance}}

[[Category:Dance India Dance]]
[[Category:2009 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Zee TV original programming]]
[[Category:Frames Production series]]
[[Category:Indian reality television series]]

Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary

2026-02-23T03:21:39Z

Narayanacancercentre: starting some details from scratch

{{Short description|Protected area in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary
| iucn_category = IV
| map = India Rajasthan#India
| map_caption = Location in Rajasthan, India
| relief = 1
| mapframe = Yes
| location = Dholpur district, Rajasthan, India
| coordinates = {{coord|26|39|36|N|77|49|48|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| nearest_city = Dholpur
| area_km2 = 14.76
| established = 1955
| governing_body = Rajasthan Forest Department
}}

'''Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary''' is a protected area located in [[Dholpur district]], [[Rajasthan]], India. It was notified as a sanctuary in 1955 and covers an area of about 14.76 km².<ref name="rajras">{{Cite web |last=Team |date=22 November 2019 |title=Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary |url=https://rajras.in/kesarbagh-wildlife-sanctuary/ |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=RajRAS {{!}} RAS Exam Preparation }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kesarbagh wildlife sanctuary - Memorable India |url=https://memorableindia.com/blog/kesarbagh-wildlife-sanctuary/ |access-date=17 August 2025 }}</ref>

== History ==
The area around Kesarbagh was once part of the hunting reserves of the [[Dholpur state|Dholpur]] rulers. The '''Kesar Bagh Palace''', situated within the sanctuary, served as a royal retreat during hunting expeditions. After India's independence, the area was declared a protected sanctuary in 1955 to conserve its wildlife and forest ecosystem.<ref name="learnupsc">{{Cite web |title=Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary |url=https://www.learnupsc.com/2023/08/kesarbagh-wildlife-sanctuary.html |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=Learn UPSC }}</ref>

== Geography ==
The sanctuary lies along the [[Chambal River]] and consists mainly of dry deciduous thorn forest. Prominent tree species include ''[[Terminalia pendula|Anogeissus pendula]]'', ''[[Butea monosperma]]'', and ''[[Acacia]]'' varieties.<ref name="learnupsc">{{Cite web |title=Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary |url=https://www.learnupsc.com/2023/08/kesarbagh-wildlife-sanctuary.html |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=Learn UPSC }}</ref>

== Fauna ==
Mammals found here include the sloth bear, striped hyena, jungle cat, golden jackal, and wild boar.<ref name="rajras" /> The sanctuary also supports over 200 bird species, such as [[Vulture|vultures]], [[peafowl]], and [[Roller (bird)|rollers]], along with reptiles like [[Pythonidae|pythons]], [[Monitor lizard|monitor lizards]], and [[Cobra|cobras]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=indianpanorama |title=Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary - Wildlife in Rajasthan - Indian Panorama |url=https://www.indianpanorama.in/experiences/nature-wildlife/wildlife/kesarbagh-wildlife-sanctuary.php |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=Indianpanorama |language=en }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2017 |title=Kesarbagh Wildlife Sanctuary - WildTrails {{!}} The One-Stop Destination for all your Wildlife Holidays |url=https://wildtrails.in/kesarbagh-wildlife-sanctuary/ |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=wildtrails.in }}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of wildlife sanctuaries of India]]
* [[Wildlife of Rajasthan]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Dholpur district]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1955]]
[[Category:1955 establishments in Rajasthan]]

Deepthi Jeevanji

2026-02-20T01:11:18Z

Narayanacancercentre: added a stub...

{{Short description|Indian para athlete}}
{{Infobox sportsperson
| name = Deepthi Jeevanji
| image = Jeevanji Deepthi in January 2025.jpg
| caption = Jeevanji in 2025
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|2003|9|27}}
| birth_place = Kalleda, [[Warangal district|Warangal]], [[Telangana]], India
| sport = [[Para-athletics]]
| disability_class = [[T20 (classification)|T20]]
| medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Women's [[para-athletics]]}} [[File:Athletics pictogram (Paralympics).svg|25px]]
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[Paralympic Games]]}}[[File:IPC logo (2019).svg|center|40px]]
{{Medal|Bronze|[[2024 Summer Paralympics|2024 Paris]]|[[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Women's 400 metres T20|400m T20]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[World Para Athletics Championships|World Championships]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2024 World Para Athletics Championships|2024 Kobe]]|[[2024 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres|400m T20]]}}
{{MedalSilver|[[2025 World Para Athletics Championships|2025 New Delhi]]|[[2025 World Para Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres|400m T20]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Asian Para Games]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2022 Asian Para Games|2022 Hangzhou]]|[[Athletics at the 2022 Asian Para Games|400m T20]]}}
}}

'''Deepthi Jeevanji''' (born 27 September 2003) is an Indian [[para-athlete]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Velugu |first=V6 |date=2023-10-25 |title=దీప్తికి గోల్డ్‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌ |url=https://www.v6velugu.com/telangana-athlete-jeevanji-deepti-won-gold-medal-in-asian-para-games |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=V6 Velugu |language=te}}</ref> She won the bronze medal at the [[2024 Paralympics]] in the [[Athletics at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Women's 400 metres T20|400 meters T20]] race. At the [[World Para Athletics Championships|2024 World Championships]], she set a world record of 55.06s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-05-20 |title=Deepthi Jeevanji etches new world record, bags Gold in Women's 400m T20 category at Para Athletics World Championship |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/athletics/deepthi-jeevanji-etches-new-asian-record-bags-gold-in-womens-400m-t20-category-at-para-athletics-world-championship/articleshow/110261791.cms |access-date=2024-05-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> She previously set the [[Asian Para Games]] record in 2023.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Sportstar |first=Team |date=2024-05-20 |title=World Para Athletics C'ships 2024: Deepthi Jeevanji breaks world record to win women's T20 400m gold |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/athletics/world-para-athletic-champuionship-deepthi-jeevanji-wins-india-first-gold-in-womens-400m-result-news/article68195326.ece |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=Sportstar |language=en}}</ref> She broke the 55.12s record of [[Breanna Clark]].<ref name=":0" /> She is the recipient of [[Arjuna Award]] in 2025.<ref name="President Murmu Confers Arjuna Award on Para-Athlete Jeevanji Deepthi">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |title=President Murmu Confers Arjuna Award on Para-Athlete Jeevanji Deepthi |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/southern-states/telangana/president-murmu-confers-arjuna-award-on-para-athlete-jeevanji-deepthi-1854683 |access-date=17 January 2025 |work= |date=17 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117151311/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/southern-states/telangana/president-murmu-confers-arjuna-award-on-para-athlete-jeevanji-deepthi-1854683 |archive-date=17 January 2025 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="President confers Arjuna Award-2024 on Jeevanji Deepthi from Telangana">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |title=President confers Arjuna Award-2024 on Jeevanji Deepthi from Telangana |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/president-confers-arjuna-award-2024-on-jeevanji-deepthi-from-telangana/article69108720.ece |access-date=17 January 2025 |work=The Hindu |date=17 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117151258/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/president-confers-arjuna-award-2024-on-jeevanji-deepthi-from-telangana/article69108720.ece |archive-date=17 January 2025 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref name="Telangana Cabinet approves govt job for Deepthi Jeevanji">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |date=7 March 2025 |title=Telangana Cabinet approves govt job for Deepthi Jeevanji |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/telangana-cabinet-approves-govt-job-for-deepthi-jeevanji/article69302838.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250308184048/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/telangana-cabinet-approves-govt-job-for-deepthi-jeevanji/article69302838.ece |archive-date=8 March 2025 |access-date=8 March 2025 |language=en-IN |agency=The Hindu}}</ref>
== Early life ==
Jeevanji was born in Kalleda village, [[Warangal district]], [[Telangana]]. Her parents, Jeevanji Yadhagiri and Jeevanji Dhanalaxmi, had a half-acre agricultural land, and also used to work at others' farms as daily wage labourers.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2024-05-20 |title=Taunted for her features as a child, Deepthi Jeevanji, backed by Gopichand, strikes gold at World Athletics Para Championship |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/deepthi-jeevanji-india-gold-medal-400m-world-record-para-championship-paris-paralympics-9341210/ |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> She was spotted by her school PET teacher in her Class 9 in Warangal. Later, she came under coach Ramesh, the Junior coach of the Indian team.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=2024-05-20 |title=Taunted for being 'mentally impaired' once, Para world champion Deepthi Jeevanji is now feted in village |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/others/taunted-for-being-mentally-impaired-once-para-world-champion-deepthi-jeevanji-is-now-feted-in-village/articleshow/110275685.cms |access-date=2024-05-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> She was also supported by [[Pullela Gopichand]], who suggested that she be tested at the National Institute for the Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual Disability in Hyderabad. There, she was certified under the mentally impaired category, after the relevant tests, and that allowed her to participate as para athlete.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/paralympic-games-2024/called-monkey-mental-by-fellow-villagers-deepthi-jeevanji-fights-taboo-to-achieve-paralympics-glory-6484617|title=Called 'Monkey, Mental' By Fellow Villagers, Deepthi Jeevanji Fights Taboo To Achieve Paralympics Glory|publisher=NDTV}}</ref>

== Career ==
Jeevanji was selected for the Indian team that took part in the [[Asian Para Games|2022 Hangzhou Asian Para Games]], where she won the gold medal<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-10-24 |title=India wins two gold on Day 2 of Hangzhou Asian Para Games, medal count swells to 24 |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/sports/india-wins-two-gold-on-day-2-of-hangzhou-asian-para-games-medal-count-swells-to-24/articleshow/104667235.cms |access-date=2023-10-25 |issn=0013-0389}}</ref> with a new Asian Para record and the Games record on 24 October 2023 in her pet event, the 400m run in T20 category.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Sports Desk |first=Outlook |date=2023-10-24 |title=Deepthi Jeevanji Clinches Gold, Shatters Games And Asian Records In Women's 400m-T20 |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/sports/india-at-asian-para-games-2023-deepthi-jeevanji-clinches-gold-shatters-games-and-asian-records-in-women-s-400m-t20-news-326355 |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=www.outlookindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Livemint |date=2023-10-24 |title=Asian Para Games Day 2: India's Prachi Yadav and Deepthy Jeevanji win gold |url=https://www.livemint.com/sports/news/asian-para-games-day-2-indias-prachi-yadav-and-deepthy-jeevanji-win-gold-total-medal-tally-24-11698134281345.html |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref> She clocked a time of 56.69s to take the gold ahead of [[Thailand]]’s Orawan Kaising.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sportstar |first=Team |date=2023-10-24 |title=Asian Para Games 2023 medals tally Highlights: October 24 - India fifth with 10 gold medals; China on top |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/asian-games/asian-para-games-2023-overall-medals-tally-october-24-india-position-ranking-gold-silver-bronze-hangzhou-2022-news/article67452804.ece |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=Sportstar |language=en}}</ref> Japan's Niina Kanno won the bronze.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-10-24 |title=Deepthi Jeevanji sets new Asian Para Games record with gold in 400m-T20 |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/asian-games-2023/india-asian-games/deepthi-jeevanji-sets-new-asian-para-games-record-with-gold-in-400m-t20/articleshow/104665680.cms |access-date=2023-10-25 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> She was selected to the Indian team that took part at 2024 world Paralympics championships in [[Kobe]], Japan Championships in May in the 100m and 200m (Category F) after two gold in the All-India Inter-University Championships gold at [[Bhubaneswar|Bhubaneshwar]].[[File:Jeevanji Deepthi Recieved Arjuna Award 2024 from President Droupadi Murmu.jpg|thumb|right|Jeevanji Deepthi Received Arjuna Award, 2024 from President [[Droupadi Murmu]]]]

Earlier, she qualified for the finals setting a new Asian record with a time of 56.18 seconds and secured a Paris 2024 Paralympics quota.with a second place in the 100m (Category F) at the Indian U20 Federation Cup at Chhotu Bhai Purani Sports Complex, Nadiad.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Deepthi JEEVANJI {{!}} Profile {{!}} World Athletics |url=https://worldathletics.org/athletes/india/j-deepthi-14818466 |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=worldathletics.org}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/india/j-deepthi-14818466 Deepthi Jeevanji] at [[World Athletics]]

{{Paralympic medalists for India|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jeevanji, Deepthi}}
[[Category:2003 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Sportswomen from Telangana]]
[[Category:Indian women sprinters]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 2022 Asian Para Games]]
[[Category:Medalists at the World Para Athletics Championships]]
[[Category:World Para Athletics Championships winners]]
[[Category:Paralympic bronze medalists for India]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 2024 Summer Paralympics]]
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 2024 Summer Paralympics]]
[[Category:Paralympic medalists in athletics (track and field)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Arjuna Award]]
[[Category:Asian Para Games medalists in athletics (track and field)]]
[[Category:Asian Para Games gold medalists for India]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportswomen]]
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 2022 Asian Para Games]]

Jangipur district

2026-02-05T18:18:07Z

Narayanacancercentre: starting the place more to come

{{Short description|Proposed district in West Bengal, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jangipur
| native_name =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of West Bengal|Proposed District]]
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a =
| photo2a =
| photo2b =
| photo3a =
| photo3b =
| photo4a =
| size = 300
| foot_montage =
}}
| image_map = 
| mapsize = 300
| map_caption = Location of Jangipur district in West Bengal
| coordinates = {{coord|24|27|22|N|88|6|26|E|display=title,inline|type:adm2nd_region:IN-WB}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Emblem of West Bengal (Banglarmukh) before 2018.png}} [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of West Bengal|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Malda division|Malda]]
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Jangipur, Murshidabad|Jangipur]]
| leader_title = [[List of subdivisions of West Bengal|Subdivisions]]
| leader_name = [[Jangipur subdivision|Jangipur Sadar]]
| leader_title1 = [[Community Development Block|CD Blocks]]
| leader_name1 = [[Farakka (community development block)|Farakka]], [[Samserganj (community development block)|Samserganj]], [[Suti I]], [[Suti II]], [[Raghunathganj I]], [[Raghunathganj II]], [[Sagardighi (community development block)|Sagardighi]]
| leader_title2 = [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = [[Jangipur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jangipur]], [[Maldah Dakshin (Lok Sabha constituency)|Maldah Dakshin]]
| leader_title3 = [[List of constituencies of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name3 = [[Farakka Assembly constituency|Farakka]], [[Samserganj Assembly constituency|Samserganj]], [[Suti Assembly constituency|Suti]], [[Jangipur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Jangipur]], [[Raghunathganj Assembly constituency|Raghunathganj]], [[Sagardighi Assembly constituency|Sagardighi]]
| total_type = Total
| area_total_km2 = 1,097.82
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1,972,308
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 859,335
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 59.95 per cent
| demographics1_title2 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| demographics1_info2 = 958 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| demographics_type2 = Languages
| demographics2_title1 = Official
| demographics2_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref name="wblangoff">{{cite web|title=Fact and Figures|url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy|website=Wb.gov.in|access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=5 July 2019|page=85|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics2_title2 = Additional official
| demographics2_info2 = [[English language|English]]<ref name="wblangoff"/>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| website = {{URL|https://jangipurpolice.wb.gov.in/}}
}}

'''Jangipur district''' is a proposed district to be created in the [[India]]n [[States and union territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. The district would be carved out from the existing [[Murshidabad district]]. The district headquarters would be [[Jangipur, Murshidabad|Jangipur]].<ref>{{cite web |title=৩ ভাগে ভাগ মুর্শিদাবাদ জেলা, বহরমপুর, জঙ্গিপুর আলাদা জেলা। খুশি জেলাবাসী? |url=https://madhyabanga.news/murshidabad-district/ |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=Madhyabanga News |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=এবার মুর্শিদাবাদ ভাগের দাবি! জেলাজুড়ে বৃহত্তর আন্দোলনের ডাক |url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/bengal/residents-of-murshidabad-are-demanding-division-of-the-district/ |access-date=2024-08-04 |website=Sangbad Pratidin |language=bn}}</ref>

==History==
In January 2020, the [[Government of West Bengal]] announced its intention to create the district in the near future. Under this proposal, Jangipur district will be created from seven [[Community Development Block|community development blocks]] namely [[Farakka (community development block)|Farakka]], [[Samserganj (community development block)|Samserganj]], [[Suti I]], [[Suti II]], [[Raghunathganj I]], [[Raghunathganj II]] and [[Sagardighi (community development block)|Sagardighi]] in [[Murshidabad district]]. In August 2022, the cabinet of West Bengal gave "in-principle approval" to the district's formation.<ref>{{cite web |title=রাজ্যে ২৩ জেলা বেড়ে হবে ৩০! নতুন সাত জেলা ছ’মাসের মধ্যে, ঘোষণা মুখ্যমন্ত্রীর |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/mamata-banerjee-announces-seven-new-districts-will-be-formed-in-west-bengal-dgtl-photogallery/cid/1360091 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=Anandabazar Patrika |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=রাজ্যে নতুন ৭ জেলা, এক নজরে কোন কোন জেলা ভাগ হল |url=https://bangla.aajtak.in/kolkata/story/mamata-banerjee-announced-7-new-districts-west-bengal-know-name-these-districts-sbm-430955-2022-08-01 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=AajTak Bangla |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=রাজ্যে ৭ নতুন জেলার ঘোষণা মুখ্যমন্ত্রীর |url=https://eisamay.com/west-bengal-news/kolkata-news/mamata-banerjee-chief-minister-announces-7-new-district-names-in-west-bengal/articleshow/93268507.cms |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=EiSamay |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=২৩ থেকে বেড়ে পশ্চিমবঙ্গে জেলার সংখ্যা হল ৩০! কোন জেলা ভেঙে কোন জেলা তৈরি হল? |url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/pictures/news-districts-in-west-bengal-check-full-list-as-mamata-banerjee-announces-7-new-districts-to-take-it-to-30-31659350249500.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=Hindustan Times |language=bn}}{{dead link|date=February 2026|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=West Bengal To Get 7 New Districts, Announces Mamata Banerjee |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/west-bengal-to-get-7-new-districts-announces-mamata-banerjee-3213052 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=NDTV |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=West Bengal to have 7 new districts in six months for better administration |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/west-bengal-to-have-7-new-districts-in-six-months-for-better-administration/articleshow/93286162.cms |access-date=2022-08-02 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Explained: 7 new districts in West Bengal — how and why are districts created or abolished in India? |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-7-new-districts-west-bengal-districts-created-abolished-8064221/ |access-date=2022-08-02 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=West Bengal to get 7 new districts, announces CM Mamata Banerjee |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/west-bengal-to-get-7-new-districts-announces-cm-mamata-banerjee-11659346022057.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=Mint |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Districts of West Bengal}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jangipur District}}
[[Category:Proposed districts of West Bengal]]

{{WestBengal-geo-stub}}

Haldia Industrial Belt

2026-01-29T14:24:25Z

Narayanacancercentre: starting first post nd citations

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{one source|date=January 2018}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Haldia Industrial Area
| settlement_type = Industrial Area
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = District
| subdivision_name1 = [[Purba Medinipur]] district
| subdivision_type2 = City
| subdivision_name2 = [[Haldia]]
| blank_name = Main Industry
| blank_info = Petrochemicals, Chemical Industry, Oil Refinery, Fertilizer
| area_total_km2 = 350
| pushpin_map = West Bengal
}}
'''Haldia Industrial Belt''' or '''Haldia Industrial Zone''' <ref>{{cite news |title = INDUSTRY OF BENGAL |url = http://bangla.eenaduindia.com/Economy/Industries/2014/08/18200420/INDUSTRY-OF-BENGAL.vpf |accessdate = 24 September 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170903205725/http://bangla.eenaduindia.com/Economy/Industries/2014/08/18200420/INDUSTRY-OF-BENGAL.vpf |archive-date = 3 September 2017 |url-status = dead }}</ref> is an industrial area established in [[Purba Midnapur district|Eastern Midnapore district]], [[West Bengal]], India. This industrial area is housed in the center of [[Haldia Port|Haldia port]]. The main industrial center of this industrial city is Petrochemicals. Industrial area is developed with more than 350 km2 area of [[Haldia subdivision|Haldia sub-division]].

== Location ==
{{unreferenced section|date=June 2017}}
Haldia Industrial Zone is formed by river on three sides. The [[Rupnarayan river]] and [[Hooghly River]] in the north, the Hooghly River on the east and the [[Haldi River]] on the south. The industrial area is 40 km away from the [[Bay of Bengal]] by [[Hooghly River]]. The industrial area is 10 meters high from the sea level.

==See also==
*[[Hooghly Industrial Belt]]

==References ==
{{reflist}}

{{coord missing|West Bengal}}

[[Category:Haldia]]
[[Category:Economy of West Bengal]]

{{PurbaMedinipur-geo-stub}}

Viramgam

2026-01-22T01:14:57Z

Narayanacancercentre: added references

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Viramgam
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline = Munsarlake.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Munsar lake
| pushpin_map = India Gujarat#India3
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Gujarat, India
| coordinates = {{coord|23.12|N|72.03|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Gujarat]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Ahmedabad district|Ahmedabad]]
| established_title = 
| founder = King Viramdev
| named_for = King Viramdev
| Government_title = 
| government_type = [[Municipality]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 19
| area_rank = 1'st Rank (with compare to other tehsil(taluka) of Ahmedabad)
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 32
| population_total = 50,612
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = Viramgami/amdavadi
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=539745 |title=Census of India: Search Details |access-date=13 May 2014 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924121402/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=539745 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Hindi]], English
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 382150
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 02715
| registration_plate = GJ-38
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = 0.93 [[female|♀]]/[[male|♂]]
| blank2_name = Literacy rate
| blank2_info = 84.41%<ref name=2011census>{{cite web|title=Ahmedabad City Census 2011 data|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/314-ahmedabad.html |access-date=28 May 2014}}</ref>
| footnotes =
}}
'''Viramgam''' is a town and former [[princely state]] in the Indian [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Gujarat]]. The town is located in the [[Ahmedabad district]], which contains the city of [[Ahmedabad]], the state's largest city. [[Gateway Distriparks]] notably flagged off the first export train service from the newly built inland container depot (ICD) at Viramgam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://businessworld.in/article/1st-Export-Train-Flagged-Off-By-Ahmedabad-Division-Of-Indian-Railways/31-07-2019-174182|title=1st Export Train Flagged Off By Ahmedabad Division Of Indian Railways|last=Bureau|first=BW Online|website=BW Businessworld|language=en|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref>

== History ==

=== Recorded history ===
Around 1090, Minaldevi, the mother of [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]] of [[Chaulukya dynasty]] who ruled from [[Anhilwad Patan]], commissioned the Munsar lake. Siddhraj added several shrines and temples later.
Viramgam state was founded in {{circa|1484}}.

Under the strong [[Mandal (tehsil)|Mandal]] chief, Viramgam did not become part of the Muslim [[Gujarat Sultanate]] until 1530. Commanding the entrance to [[Kathiawar]], the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] governors chose it as the headquarters of the [[Jhalavad]] ''[[prant]]'' (district), and in the disturbances of the eighteenth century, it was the scene of several struggles.<ref name="ggb">{{cite book|title=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Ahmedabad (Public Domain text)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EL4IAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356|year=1879|publisher=Government Central Press|pages=354–356}}</ref>

====Viramgam Satyagraha====
On the way to visit his family in [[Kathiawar|Sorath]], [[Mahatma Gandhi]] stopped at the train station in Viramgam. There he became aware that passengers were being harassed by a customs cordon. Gandhi raised this issue for years through political channels, but it only was resolved in 1919 when he personally met the Viceroy of India [[Frederic Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford|Lord Chelmsford]].<ref>{{cite book|language=gu|title=Gujarātano rājakīya ane sāṁskr̥tika itihāsa|volume=9, ājhādī pahelāṁ ane pachī (ī. sa. 1915 thī 1960)|publisher=Śeṭha Bhoḷābhāī Jeśiṁgabhāī Adhyayana-Saṁśodhana Vidyābhava|location=Amadāvāda|editor-first1=Hariprasāda Gaṅgāśaṁkara|editor-last1=Śāstrī|editor-last2=Parīkha|editor-first2=Pravīṇacaṁdra Cimanalāla|chapter=Rājakīya jāgr̥ti: briṭiśa mulakamāṁ (ī. sa. 1915 thī 1931)|last1=Rameśakāṁta Go. Parīkha|page=28}}</ref>

=== Historical and legendary references ===
According to Dr. Savliya, author of "Ancient lakes of Gujarat," one of the rooms on the Musar lake has ancient writing of the person who built this lake. That is believed to be a proof according to which it seems like this lake was built by King Viramdev Vaghela. In that writing, his wife's name is also there, Queen Sumla Devi.

According to another story, King Bhimdev II had given land on samvat 1295 of Ghusdi village (now known as Viramgam). That land is used for Musar lake.
Still today there is Ghusdiya lake and Ghusdiya ground in Viramgam which proves that earlier Viramgam was known as Ghusdi.

According to another story, Barbara Bhut (Ghost) who was a slave of King Siddhraj Jaysinh has built this lake in one night.

== Lakes ==
The town is surrounded by three reservoirs: the Gangasar lake on the south-east and south, lying outside of the wall except a small portion known as the Gusaria lake; in the south-west beyond the Gangasar gate the Dhunia lake; and in the west the Munsar lake.<ref name="ggb" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-20 |title=Voices: Rain, Ruin, and Resilience |url=https://paw.princeton.edu/article/voices-rain-ruin-and-resilience |access-date=2019-09-10 |website=Princeton Alumni Weekly |language=en}}</ref>

=== Munsar lake ===
{{About|Viramgam |Musar Lake|Munsar Lake Viramgam}}

Munsar lake was built about 1090 by Minaldevi, the mother of Siddhraj Jaisinh. Formerly known as ''Mansarovar'', now shortened into ''Mansar'' or ''Munsar'' lake is 220 yards round, shaped like the [[conch]] and is surrounded by flights of stone steps. Gathering from the west, the water passes into a stone-built eight sided silt-well, ''kund'', with, in a niche in each side, a figure cut in bold relief.

From the silt-well, through a stone-lined channel and a three-cylinder tunnel, the water passes into the lake. Over the tunnel is a large pyramid-roofed pavilion repaired by the Marathas, and a temple of [[Bahuchar Mata]], or, as she is locally called, Mansar Mata. Towards the north the steps round the lake are ruinous, and in several places, broken roadways run down to the water's edge. Around the top of the steps runs a row of small spire-roofed shrines, many now wanting but once said to have numbered more than 300. In each shrine on one side of the lake is a pedestal, probably for an image of [[Krishna]], and on the other side a round basin, ''jaladhar'', probably sacred to [[Shiva]]. On either side of one of the roadways that run to the water's edge, is a larger temple with a double porch and spire and across the lake is a flat-roofed colonnade.<ref name="ggb" /><ref name="Shastri 2015">{{cite web |last=Shastri |first=Parth |date=27 September 2015 |title=ASI to renovate 2 Gujarat's ancient lakes |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/ASI-to-renovate-2-Gujarats-ancient-lakes/articleshow/49129466.cms |access-date=2 December 2016 |website=The Times of India}}</ref> In 2023, [[Hardik Patel]], [[BJP]]MLA, urged Union Minister of Culture, G Kishan Reddy, to restore Munsar Lake in Gujarat's Viramgam and requested the appointment of an Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) team for its maintenance.<ref>[https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/gandhinagar/hardik-patel-urges-union-minister-to-restore-munsar-lake-in-gujarat-8688819/ The Indian Express]</ref>

=== Gangasar lake ===
The Gangasar lake was built eight hundred years ago by [[Sufism|Sufi]] (Muslim mystic) saint Hazrat Alauddin Shah Chishty with help from Hazrat Islahuddin. He was born Hindu and his birth name was Gangu Vanjara. According to legend, he converted to Islam after watching miracles by Aladdin Shah. He built a lake at the request of Hazrat Aladdin Shah, which was named ''Gangasagar'' after his birth name Gangu Vanjara. The name later shortened to ''Gangasar''.<ref name="ggb" />

[[File:Ahmedabad District Map 1877.jpg|thumb|Viramgam on map of Ahmedabad district, under Bombay Presidency, British India 1877]]

== Geography ==
Viramgam is located at {{Coord|23.12|N|72.03|E|}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/09/Viramgam.html|title=redirect to /world/IN/09/Viramgam.html|website=www.fallingrain.com}}</ref> It has an average elevation of {{convert|32|m}}. The old town of Viramgam is surrounded by a rectangular, tower flanked brick and stone wall, about 21 miles round.

In the wall are five gates: on the north, the Golwadi gate leading to [[Patan, Gujarat|Patan]]; on the north-east, the Bharwadi gate ({{Coord|23.124835|N|72.053584|E|}}) leading to the railway station; on the east, the Raipuri or Rayyapur gate ({{Coord|23.121602|N|72.056619|E|}}) leading to [[Ahmedabad]]; on the south-west, the Gangasar gate ; and on the west, the Mansar or Munsar gate ({{Coord|23.120664|N|72.045695|E|}}).

There are also two unopened gateways on the north-west ({{Coord|23.124886|N|72.045340|E|}}) and north-east, and in the south face is a window through which water is drawn from the Gangasar lake. Viramgam is the Gate way of Saurashtra (Kathiyawad) region, it is famously called Via Viramgam. There is a movie called Via Viramgam released in 1980 by Avinash Vyaas.
Track list
પ્રફુલ દવે* અને કોરસ*– અમે છૈયે વાયા વિરમગામનાં
B1 આશા ભોંસલે* અને મહેન્દ્ર કપુર*– ઓ અહમદબાદની અલબેલી
B2 પ્રફુલ દવે* અને કોરસ*– અણજાણી ધરતીને

== Government ==
The town is represented in the [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]] in the [[Viramgam (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Viramgam constituency]]. Since [[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|2022]], the constituency has been represented by [[Hardik Patel]] of the [[Bhartiya Janta Party]].<ref name="gjceo">{{cite web |title=Parliament / Assembly Constituency wise PS & Electors Detail - Draft Roll - 2014 |url=http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/PCAC.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125011107/http://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/PCAC.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2014 |access-date=1 June 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2006 |title=Gujarat: Order No. 33: Table-A: Assembly Constituency and Their Extent |url=http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015941/http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Gujarat/gujarat.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2016 |access-date=12 February 2017 |website=Election Commission of India |publisher=Delimitation Commission of India |pages=2–31 }}</ref> Nationally, the town is a part of the [[Lok Sabha]] constituency of [[Surendranagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Surendranagar]], which has been represented by [[Mahendra Munjapara]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] since [[2019 Indian general election|2019]].

==Connectivity/transportation==
===Air===
The closest major airport to Viramgam is [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport]] (AMD / VAAH). This airport is in Ahmedabad, India and is {{cvt|71|km}} from the center of Viramgam and provides connectivity with domestic flights to the Metropolitan and other major cities of India. It also provides many international flights from Ahmedabad to destinations around the world.

===Rail===
Viramgam is well connected to other major cities of the country via regular trains.

Railway Station(s): Viramgam Junction (VG)

[[File:Vgmrailway.jpg|thumb|Viramgam Railway Station]]

Viramgam used to be the point of intersection of [[Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway|BB & CI Railway]] and the [[Saurashtra Railway]]. Viramgam is at the intersection of four railway lines: Ahmedabad-Viramgam, Viramgam-Surendranagar, Viramgam-Mehsana, and Viramgam-Dhrangdhra-Samakhyali lines. It is at the intersection of the routes splitting towards [[Kachchh]] and [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]] while travelling from Ahmedabad. It is also having Inland Container Depot (ICD) facility by [[Gateway Distriparks]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.itln.in/gateway-rail-flags-off-first-export-train-service-from-viramgam-icd-railway|title=Gateway Rail flags off first export train service from Viramgam ICD {{!}} Railway|last=News|first=Indian Transport and Logistics|website=www.itln.in|date=31 July 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-09-10}}</ref> In June 2023, Gateway Distriparks Ltd. initiated double-stack rail transportation services between Viramgam Inland Container Depot (ICD) in Ahmedabad and [[Mundra Port]], aimed at enhancing operational efficiency and reducing logistics costs for its Export-Import (EXIM) trade customers.<ref>[https://www.bqprime.com/business/gateway-distriparks-begins-double-stack-rail-services-between-viramgam-icd-and-mundra-port BQ Prime]</ref>

===Road===
Viramgam is connected to Ahmedabad, Kutch, Mumbai, New Delhi through the National Highway 947. The location is also connected to Saurashtra through the [[List of state highways in Gujarat|GJ SH 17]].

===Bus===
Regular buses transit to Viramgam Bus Station from other major cities of the country.

===Other industry===
There is a crude oil storage tank depot at Viramgam on the Salya-Mathura oil pipeline of the [[Indian Oil Corporation]].

==Notable people==
People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Viramgam include:
*[[Dhiru Parikh]] (1933 – 2021), Gujarati writer and critic<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-12-24 |title=Dhirubhai Parikh becomes new President of Gujarati Sahitya Parishad |url=https://www.deshgujarat.com/2013/12/24/dhirubhai-parikh-becomes-new-president-of-gujarati-sahitya-parishad/ |access-date=2022-03-26 |website=DeshGujarat |language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Bhadreshkumar Chetanbhai Patel]] (born 1990), alleged murderer and fugitive on the [[FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives]] list<ref>{{cite web |title=BHADRESHKUMAR CHETANBHAI PATEL --- FBI |url=https://www.fbi.gov/wanted/topten/bhadreshkumar-chetanbhai-patel |website=FBI |access-date=10 July 2018}}</ref>
* [[Hardik Patel]] - BJP MLA

== References ==
{{Reflist|30}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Ahmedabad district]]

Ram Jagannath Joshi

2026-01-18T01:06:38Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{Short description|Marathi poet}}
'''Ram Jagannath Joshi''' (also known as '''Ram Joshi''') (1762-1812) was a [[Marathi language|Marathi]] poet, known for his works in [[Lavani]], [[Powada]], and [[Tamasha]] genre.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ram-Joshi|title=Ram Joshi|publisher=[[Britannica]]|access-date=October 3, 2021}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite journal|author=SHIRGAONKAR, VARSHA S.|title=Lavani Poems and Cultural History of Medieval Maharashtra |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=56|publisher=Indian History Congress|year=1995|pages=482|jstor=44158666 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/44158666.}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Joshi, Ram}}
[[Category:1762 births]]
[[Category:1812 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian poets]]
[[Category:Marathi-language poets]]

{{India-poet-stub}}

Bogadi Road

2026-01-10T04:02:05Z

Narayanacancercentre: added new data

{{Short description|Cluster of villages in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
[[File:Navodaya School, Mysore.jpg|thumb|Navodaya School, Bogadi Road]]
'''Bogadi Road''' is a cluster of villages in [[Mysuru Local Planning Area|Mysuru Metropolitan area]], [[Mysore district|ಮೈಸೂರು ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ]], [[Karnataka|ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ]] of [[India]]
[[File:Alanahalli Junction.jpg|thumb|Alanahalli junction]]

==Location==
Bogadi road begins at [[Bhogadi]] in western Mysore and ends at [[Hampapura, Mysore|Hampapura]] on the Mananthavady road. The total distance of this road is 31.4 km.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pincodes.info/in/Karnataka/Mysore/Dharmapura/Alanahalli-OG-Mysore/|title = Pincode of Alanahalli OG Mysore, Karnataka}}</ref>

==Access==
Bogadi road begins from Mysore city and passes through the SBI Bank Bogadi, Ring Road junction, Bhogadi village, Dasanakoppallu, Trends Whispering Woods, Shankar farm, Suvarna nagara, Yesh Nagar and Krishna Farm. The first part of the road is dominated by commercial building, housing colonies and posh schools. Villages like Kaniyan Hundigate, Muthayyana Hundi, G. B. Circle, Gollana Beedu and Shintana Halli lead you to Alanahalli town. After Alnahalli junction, there are more villages like Gangadhosalli, Aswalu and Gejjeyana Hoddaragudi. The road proceeds further through Karibudhana Halli village and finally reaches at the temple town of [[Gaddige Kenddganeshwara|Kendaganna Swamy Gaddige]]. Mananthavady road is another 10 km from here.

==Education==
There are many prestigious public schools in this area like Christ Public School, Rainbow School, St. Francis School, Pundits Orchid School and Jawahar Navodaya School. SCMS Higher Primary school is one of the government schools in this area.

==Villages and suburbs==
Bogadi, Ganagara hundi, Jattihundi, Beerihundi, Alanahalli,{{cn|date=June 2018}} Kyathanahalli, Gollanabeedu, Aswalu<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.xombom.com/pincode/aswalu-mysore-pincode/7967/ |title=Aswalu, Mysore District Pincode 571189 |access-date=30 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002063232/http://www.xombom.com/pincode/aswalu-mysore-pincode/7967/ |archive-date=2 October 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and Kumarabeedu are the main villages in this area.

==Image gallery==
<gallery>
File:Setta Nayakana Halli.jpg|Settanayakana Village
File:Mavanahalli.jpg|Mavanahalli village
File:Karibudhanahalli.jpg|Karibudhana Village
File:Gangad Hosalli, Bhogadi Road.jpg|Gangadhosalli Village
File:Jetty Hundi.jpg|Jettyhundi village
File:Gejjayana Hoddarugudi.jpg|Gejjayana Hoddarugudi
File:G.B.Saraguru, Bhogadi Road.jpg|G.B.Saraguru village
File:Aswalu, Bodhadi Road.jpg|Aswalu village
File:Alanahalli School.jpg|Alanahalli School
File:Alanahalli, Bhogadi Road.jpg|Alanahalli Town
</gallery>

==See also==
*
* [[Gaddige Kenddganeshwara]]
* [[Hampapura, Mysore]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{coord missing|Karnataka}}

[[Category:Villages in Mysore district]]

Nandankanan Zoological Park

2025-12-15T23:36:46Z

Narayanacancercentre: Enhanced article with new information

{{short description|Zoo and botanical garden in Odisha, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox zoo
|name = Nandankanan Zoological Park
|logo = Nandankanan_logo.png
|logo_caption =
|image = Nandankanan, Bhubaneswar, Odisha.jpg
|image_caption = Nandankanan Zoological Park
|location = Barang, [[Odisha]], [[India]]
(Midway Cuttack & Bhubaneswar)
|date_opened = 29 December 1960<ref name="travelchacha"/>
|date_closed =
|coordinates = {{Coord|20.399965|85.814703|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
|director = Dr. Sudarsan Panda, IFS
|area = {{Convert|437|ha|abbr=on}}<ref name="zandavisitor"/>
|num_species = 157 (2019)<ref name="Annual_Report2018-19"/>
|num_animals = 3517 (2019-03-31)<ref name="Annual_Report2018-19" />
|largest_tank_vol =
|total_tank_vol =
|annual_visitors = 3.2 million (April 2018 – March 2019)<ref name="Annual_Report2018-19">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nandankanan.org/images/documents/Anual-Report-2019.pdf |title=Nandankanan Zoo Annual Report 2018-19}}</ref>
|members = [[Central Zoo Authority of India|CZA]],<ref name="cza_list"/> [[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums|WAZA]],<ref name="waza"/><ref name="waza_list"/> [[SAZARC]]
|exhibits = White Tiger Safari, Lion Safari, Butterfly Park, Orchid house
|website = {{URL|http://www.nandankanan.org}}
}}

'''Nandankanan Zoological Park''' is a {{Convert|437|ha|adj=on}} [[zoo]] and [[botanical garden]] located in Barang village, Odisha, India. It is 10 km to south of [[Cuttack]] and 10 km north of [[Bhubaneswar]]. Established in 1960, it was opened to the public in 1979 and became the first zoo in India to join [[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums]] (WAZA) in 2009. It also contains a botanical garden and part of it has been declared a sanctuary. Nandankanan, literally meaning ''The Garden of Heaven'',<ref name="travelchacha"/> is located in the environs of the [[Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary|Chandaka forest]], and includes the {{Convert|134|acre|adj=on}} [[Kanjia lake]].

A major upgrade was done in 2000 (after the damage caused by the [[1999 Odisha cyclone|super-cyclone of 1999 in coastal Odisha]]). More than 2.6 million visitors visit Nandankanan every year.<ref name="Annual Report 2019-2020">{{cite web |url=https://nandankanan.org/images/documents/Annual-Report-2019-20.pdf |title=Nandankanan - Annual Report - 2019-20 |website=nandankanan.org |page=19 |access-date= 14 April 2021}}</ref>

==History==
Forest officials decided in 1960 that including rare plants and animals in the [[Odisha]] pavilion at the World Agricultural Fair in Delhi would help increase attendance. Word was sent to the forest department to capture as many small animals as possible for the display. In all, the forest department managed to capture two [[Chital|spotted deer]] (''Axis axis''), two [[Indian Muntjac|barking deer]] (''Muntiacus muntjak''), two [[blackbuck|black buck]] (''Antilope cervicapra''), one [[mouse deer]], one [[leopard cat]], one [[flying squirrel]], one [[racket-tailed drongo]], one [[hornbill]], two parrots, two hill mynah, one peacock, and a mongoose. In addition, the divisional forest officer of Deogarh captured a pangolin (scaly ant-eater) and two porcupines, and the divisional forest officer of [[Puri]] captured a pair of wild boars and a python. All of these animals were delivered to the Delhi fair and exhibited at the Odisha pavilion.<ref name="zoo_history"/>

The State Finance Department raised objections to a zoo in Odisha because of the cost of both establishing and maintaining the facility. While the issue was being debated, animals arrived back at Bhubaneswar in May 1960, posing problems to the forest department for housing and feeding them. P. Mohandra (Divisional Forest Officer, Puri) and G. K. Das (Divisional Forest Officer, Deogarh) built temporary structures at Khandagiri for the animals, and the community of Jain helped feed them. Discussions about a real zoo started soon after [[Harekrushna Mahatab|Dr. H. K. Mahatab]], the then Chief Minister of Odisha, visited the animals.<ref name="zoo_history"/>

The initial proposal placed the zoo at Ghatikia, close to [[Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves|Khandagiri and Udayagiri]] caves. However, this was deemed to pose water problems in the future. A zoo needs lot of water to meet the need of animals, cleaning of animal's sheds and for various other purposes. The then Range Officer, Chandaka suggested Jujhagarh forest block on Kanjia lake near Barang Railway station as the most ideal location. The then Chief Conservator of Forests, Divisional Forest Officer, Puri, Range Officer, Chandaka and D.P. Ghosh, Forest Ranger visited the place and were impressed with its scenic beauty. Kanjia lake with its vast expanse over 125 acres, low and undulating hills of Jujhagarh and Krushnanagar D.P.F.S. with lush green vegetation on both sides of the lake presented a picturesque site. Jujhagarh Forest Block had all the advantages for locating the zoo except communication from Cuttack & Bhubaneswar and the only approach was via Gopalpur or Chandaka covering a distance of 38&nbsp;km.

A committee consisting of Dr. Radhanath Rath, Sri G.C. Dash and [[Dayanidhi Choudhury|Sri D.N. Choudhury]], the then Minister of Forests, Secretary, Forest and the Chief Conservator of Forests, respectively, visited the place. They were very much impressed with its aesthetic beauty and recommended the zoo to be located there with construction of a straight road (a distance of 14 to 15&nbsp;km) from Bhubaneswar. Accordingly, it was decided to locate the Zoological Park in Jujhagarh Forest Block, Botanical garden in Krushnanagar Forest Block and develop Kanjia lake for Boating and Angling. The Director, Fisheries agreed to develop a portion of the lake for rearing various kinds of fish for visitors to see. Initially, it was decided to keep spotted deer, barking deer, black bucks, wild boars, sambars, nilgai and bears in spacious enclosures. Other animals like leopard cat, mongoose, flying squirrel, porcupine, python, monkeys, hyena, jackal, civet cat, pangolin, jungle cat, parrots, mynah and other birds in suitable cages. It was decided to put efforts to capture tigers and leopards which could be exhibited in suitable cages for the time-being and the suitable spacious enclosures would be built for them later on. It was also decided to raise a good flower garden and to plant important species and medicinal plants of Odisha inside proposed Botanical garden in Krushnanagar D.P.F. Eventually, the site around the {{Convert|134|acre|adj=on}} [[Odisha#Lakes|Kanjia Lake]] was chosen. The lake would be developed for recreation as well. A {{Convert|15|km|adj=on}} road was built to the site, and Nandankanan Biological Park was officially inaugurated on 29 December 1960, by Sri S. K. Patil, then Indian Minister of Food and Agriculture.<ref name="zoo_history"/>

A botanical garden was opened in 1963. The first tiger arrived at the zoo in 1964 from the [[Alipore Zoo]] in [[Calcutta]], along with a pair of [[African lion]]s, a pair of [[Mugger crocodile]]s, and a [[cougar|puma]]. The facility was renamed Nandankanan Zoological Park in 1981.<ref name="zoo_history"/>

In 2009, Nandankanan Zoological Park became the first zoo in India to become a member of the [[World Association of Zoos and Aquariums]] (WAZA).<ref name="waza"/>

==Animals and exhibits==
The zoo is home to about 1660 individual animals representing 166 species, including 67 species of mammals, 81 species of birds, and 18 species of reptiles.<ref>{{cite web |title=Annual Animal Inventory |url=https://www.nandankanan.org/images/animal_inventory/doc_1650285164.pdf |website=nandankanan.org |language=en}}</ref> The death rate of animals here during the 2008–2009 fiscal year was one of the lowest in India, at 3.1% per year compared to the national average of 10%.<ref name="thehindubusinessline"/><ref name="orissadiary2"/>

===Mammals===
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Lion|African lion]]
* [[Assam macaque]]
* [[Asian palm civet]]
* [[Asiatic lion]]
* [[Barasingha]]
* [[Bengal fox]]
* [[Bengal tiger]]
* [[Blackbuck]]
* [[Black-tufted marmoset]]
* [[Bonnet macaque]]
* [[Chimpanzee]]
* [[Chinkara]]
* [[Chital]]
* [[Common squirrel monkey]]
* [[Dhole]]
* [[Four-horned antelope]]
* [[Gaur]]
* [[Giraffe]]
* [[Golden jackal]]
* [[Hamadryas baboon]]
* [[Himalayan black bear]]
* [[Hippopotamus]]
* [[Honey badger]]
* [[Indian crested porcupine]]
* [[Indian elephant]]
* [[Indian flying fox]]
* [[Indian giant squirrel]]
* [[Indian grey mongoose]]
* [[Indian hare]]
* [[Indian hog deer]]
* [[Indian muntjac]]
* [[Indian pangolin]]
* [[Indian wolf]]
* [[Indian leopard]]
* [[Jungle cat]]
* [[Lion-tailed macaque]]
* [[Nilgai]]
* [[Plains zebra]]
* [[Red-handed tamarin]]
* [[Rhesus macaque]]
* [[Sambar deer]]
* [[Sangai]]
* [[Sloth bear]]
* [[Small Indian civet]]
* [[Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain]]
* [[Striped hyena]]
* [[Stump-tailed macaque]]
* [[Tufted capuchin]]
* [[Wild boar]]
{{div col end}}

===Birds===
The zoo has a large number of native and exotic birds, including:
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Alexandrine parakeet]]
* [[Asian koel]]
* [[Asian openbill]]
* [[Barbary dove]]
* [[Black-crowned night heron]]
* [[Black-headed ibis]]
* [[Black kite]]
* [[Black swan]]
* [[Black-throated finch]]
* [[Blossom-headed parakeet]]
* [[Brahminy kite]]
* [[Brown fish owl]]
* [[Brown-throated parakeet]]
* [[Budgerigar]]
* [[Cattle egret]]
* [[Chattering lory]]
* [[Cinereous vulture]]
* [[Cockatiel]]
* [[Coconut lorikeet]]
* [[Common emerald dove]]
* [[Common hill myna]]
* [[Common ostrich]]
* [[Diamond dove]]
* [[Eastern barn owl]]
* [[Eastern rosella]]
* [[Emu]]
* [[Eurasian spoonbill]]
* [[Fischer's lovebird]]
* [[Golden pheasant]]
* [[Great egret]]
* [[Green-cheeked parakeet]]
* [[Grey heron]]
* [[Grey parrot]]
* [[Indian grey hornbill]]
* [[Indian peafowl]]
* [[Indian vulture]]
* [[Intermediate egret]]
* [[Jandaya parakeet]]
* [[Java sparrow]]
* [[Lady Amherst's pheasant]]
* [[Laughing dove]]
* [[Lesser adjutant]]
* [[Little egret]]
* [[Livingstone's turaco]]
* [[Mandarin duck]]
* [[Masked lovebird]]
* [[Meyer's parrot]]
* [[Oriental scops owl]]
* [[Painted stork]]
* [[Rainbow lorikeet]]
* [[Red-and-green macaw]]
* [[Red avadavat]]
* [[Red-bellied parrot]]
* [[Red junglefowl]]
* [[Reeves's pheasant]]
* [[Ring-necked dove]]
* [[Rose-ringed parakeet]]
* [[Rosy-faced lovebird]]
* [[Great white pelican|Rosy pelican]]
* [[Sarus crane]]
* [[Scaly-breasted munia]]
* [[Shikra]]
* [[Silver pheasant]]
* [[Society finch]]
* [[Spot-billed pelican]]
* [[Spotted dove]]
* [[Star finch]]
* [[Sun parakeet]]
* [[Sunda zebra finch]]
* [[Tricoloured munia]]
* [[Violet turaco]]
* [[White cockatoo]]
* [[White-rumped vulture]]
* [[Woolly-necked stork]]
* [[Yellow-crested cockatoo]]
{{div col end}}

===Reptiles and amphibians===
[[File:Nandankanan34.jpg|thumb|Python]]
The Zoo has a reptile house, with a cave-like entrance guarded by a life-size replica of a''[[Tyrannosaurus|Tyrannosaurus rex]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.orissalinks.com/orissagrowth/topics/tourism-and-shopping-in-orissa/national-parks-and-sanctuaries/nandan-kanan|title=Multiple funding sources to help further develop various tourist attractions and infrastructure in the coastal areas|publisher=Telegraph}}</ref> This houses the majority of the zoo's reptiles and amphibians, including:

====Reptiles====
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Asian forest tortoise]]
* [[Asian water monitor]]
* [[Banded krait]]
* [[Bengal monitor]]
* [[Burmese python]]
* [[Common krait]]
* [[Cuvier's dwarf caiman]]
* [[Indian softshell turtle|Ganges softshell turtle]]
* [[Green iguana]]
* [[Indian chameleon]]
* [[Indian cobra]]
* [[Indian flapshell turtle]]
* [[Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle]]
* [[Indian python]]
* [[Indian tent turtle]]
* [[Eryx johnii|Indian sand boa]]
* [[Indian star tortoise]]
* [[King cobra]]
* [[Monocled cobra]]
* [[Morelet's crocodile]]
* [[Mugger crocodile]]
* [[Nile crocodile]]
* [[Ptyas mucosa|Oriental ratsnake]]
* [[Reticulated python]]
* [[Eryx conicus|Russell's boa]]
* [[Russell's viper]]
* [[Saltwater crocodile]]
* [[Siamese crocodile]]
* [[Yellow anaconda]]
{{div col end}}

====Amphibians====
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Polypedates maculatus|Chunam tree frog]]
* [[Euphlyctis hexadactylus|Green pond frog]]
* [[Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis|Indian skipper frog]]
* [[Hoplobatrachus tigerinus|Indus Valley bullfrog]]
* [[Duttaphrynus stomaticus|Marbled toad]]
{{div col end}}
===Aquaria===
The zoo includes 34 aquaria which are home to a large variety of freshwater fish.

===Orchid house===
The zoo will have the largest orchid house of Odisha soon spreading over {{convert|5000|sqft|m2}}. In Odisha alone, 130 species of orchids have been documented to date.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/article176606.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121014713/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/article176606.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 November 2015|title=Nandankanan to have State's largest orchid house|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=6 May 2015}}</ref>

==Breeding programs==
The zoo enjoys a good reputation internationally for successfully breeding [[black panther]]s, gharials, and [[white tiger]]s in captivity.<ref name="khorda"/>

===White tigers===
[[File:Nandankanan19.jpg|thumb|White tiger in the Zoo]]
Three white tigers were born in the Nandankanan Zoo in [[Bhubaneswar]], [[Odisha]], India in 1980. Their parents were an orange father–daughter pair called Deepak and Ganga, who were not related to Mohan or any other captive white tiger. One of their wild-caught ancestors would have carried the recessive white gene, and it showed up when Deepak was mated to his daughter. Deepak's sister also turned out to be a white gene carrier. These white tigers are therefore referred to as the Odisha strain, as opposed to the Rewa strain, of white tigers founded by Mohan.<ref name="Roychoudhury1">Roychoudhury, A.K. (1987) Chapter 34 "White Tigers And Their Conservation", Part IV "White Tiger Politics", Tigers Of The World, The Biology, Biopolitics, Management And Conservation Of An Endangered Species, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, New Jersey USA</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author1=Roychoudhury, A.K. |author2=L.N. Acharjyo |year= 1983|title= Origin of white tigers at Nandankanan Biological Park, Orissa|journal= Indian J. Exp. Biol. |volume=21|issue= 6|pages=350–52|pmid= 6667990}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Roychoudhury, A.K.|title= A Genetic Analysis Of The White Tigers In The Nandankanan Bio Park, Orissa|year= 1990 |journal=Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Roychoudhury A.K.|title= White tigers of Nandankanan lineage|journal= Zoos' Print Journal |volume=4|issue=3|pages=12–3}}</ref><ref>Rai, Usha (15 March 1987) "Will they outlast this century?" ''Times of India'', New Delhi</ref>

When the surprise birth of three white cubs occurred, there was a white tigress already living at the zoo, named Diana, from the [[Delhi Zoo]]. One of the three was later bred to her creating another blend of two unrelated strains of white tigers. This lineage resulted in several white tigers in Nandankanan Zoo. Today, the Nandankanan Zoo has the largest collection of white tigers in India. The Cincinnati Zoo acquired two female white tigers from the Nandankanan Zoo, in the hopes of establishing a line of pure-Bengal white tigers in America, but they never got a male, and didn't receive authorization from the [[Association of Zoos and Aquariums]] (AZA)'s [[Species Survival Plan]] (SSP) to breed them. The Zoo Outreach Organisation used to publish studbooks for white tigers, which were compiled by A.K. Roychoudhury of the [[Bose Institute]] in Calcutta, and subsidized by the Humane Society of India.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Roychoudhury A.K. |year=1989|title= About studbook of white tigers in India|journal= Zoos' Print Journal |volume=4|pages=8–9}}</ref> The Columbus Zoo had also hoped to breed pure-Bengal white tigers, but were unable to obtain a white registered Bengal mate for Rewati from India.<ref>Ferguson, David A., & Kohl, Steven G. (1987) Developing International Conservation Programs, Tigers Of The World, Noyes Publications Park Ridge, New Jersey USA</ref>

There were also surprise births of white tigers in the Asian Circus, in India, to parents not known to have been white gene carriers, or heterozygotes, and not known to have any relationship to any other white tiger strains. There was a female white cub born at [[Mysore Zoo]] in 1984, from orange parents, descended from Deepak's sister. The white cub's grandmother, Thara, came from the Nandankanan Zoo in 1972. Mysore Zoo had a second female white tiger cub from New Delhi Zoo in 1984. On 29 August 1979, a white tigress named Seema was dispatched to [[Kanpur]] Zoo to be bred to Badal, a tiger who was a fourth generation descendant of Mohan and Begum. The pair did not breed so it was decided to pair Seema with one of two wild-caught, notorious man-eaters, either Sheru or Titu, from the [[Jim Corbett National Park]]. Seema and Sheru produced a white cub, and for a while, it was thought there might be white genes in Corbett's population of tigers, but the cub didn't stay white.<ref>Roychoudhury, A.K. (1989) The Indian White Tiger Studbook, Zoo Zen, International Zoo Outreach Org., Tamil Nadu, India</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120305135836/http://www.zoopros.com/zd_016.htm The first captive-bred white tigers]. zoopros.com</ref>

There have been other cases of white tiger, [[white lion]], and [[white panther]] cubs being born, and then changing to normal colour. White tigers which were a mixture of the Rewa and Odisha strains, born at the Nandankanan Zoo, were non-inbred. A white tiger from out of the Odisha strain found its way to the [[Taronga Western Plains Zoo]] in [[Australia]]. Australia's [[Dreamworld (Australian theme park)|Dreamworld]], on the [[Gold Coast, Queensland|Gold Coast]], wanted to breed this tiger to one of their white tigers from the United States.

===Crocodilians===
[[File:Nandankanan Wildlife - 14.jpg|thumb|Crocodile]]
Captive breeding units of all the three crocodilian species have been established at Nandankanan Zoo.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090214184729/http://wildlifeorissa.in/CROCODILEPROJECT.htm Crocodile Conservation]. wildlifeorissa.in</ref> In 1980, the gharial was bred in captivity for the first time at the Nandankanan Biological Park in Odisha. This successful effort involved the collaboration and coordination between international and national zoological parks. The male came from the Frankfurt zoo and the females were from the Nandankanan and Trivandrum zoos. A large part of the credit for this first time ex-situ breeding in captivity goes to the meticulous planning and designing of the breeding enclosure at the Nandankanan Zoo by Dr. H. R. Bustard, which simulates the gharial's natural habitat of a deep flowing river with adequate high-rise sandbanks. The breeding enclosure, together with a judicious mix of adult size classes to form a social group, minimal disturbance and provision of natural food culminated in that success story, which continues to the present date. The Nandankanan Biological park has since provided many zoos around the world with captive-bred gharials for display and education.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120225072201/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/crocodile/zoo.htm Ex-Situ conservation – Crocodile Breeding in Indian Zoos BC Choudhury]. wii.gov.in</ref> [[Mugger crocodile|Muggers]] bred at Nandankanan Zoo have also been released in Satkosia Gorge.

===Pangolins===
The zoo was the first in India to successfully breed [[pangolin]]s. In a programme started before the [[Central Zoo Authority]] (CZA) pangolin breeding programme, the zoo authorities started the programme in the nocturnal centre of the animal park. There are 10 pangolins in Nandankanan Zoo, including six females.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/article96626.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121014720/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/article96626.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 November 2015|title=Nandankanan Zoo records first captive-bred pango|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=6 May 2015}}</ref>

==Adopt-an-Animal programme==
[[File:Nandankanan13.jpg|thumb|Asiatic lion in the zoo]]
To help involve the general public in animal conservation and raise money, the zoo started the Adopt-an-Animal programme in 2008 for all of its animals.<ref name="orissadiary1"/><ref name="hindu1"/> Adopters receive a customized adoption certificate and one free entry ticket for each animal adopted. In addition, the adopter's name is displayed on a special board and a special mention made in the annual report of the zoo.<ref name="Orissa1"/> Adopters can pay from {{Indian Rupee}}500 for a small bird to {{Indian Rupee}}100,000 for a tiger for a year. The zoo authorities have made available two of the most attractive sites for adoption which are the Lion Safari and Tiger Safari for which the adoption cost is {{Indian Rupee}}1,000,000 and {{Indian Rupee}}500,000 respectively. Although other zoos also have adoption programs, Nandankanan was the first zoo to get a tax exemption under section 80G of the Income Tax Act.<ref name="india_gov1"/> Funds received under the program are used to support the zoo's care and services for all its inhabitants by providing quality food to meet their nutritional requirements, medical care, equipment, enclosure upgrades, and biodiversity enrichment. The parents of two students Sristi and Prakriti from Cuttack were the first to adopt, paying {{Indian Rupee}}4,000 to adopt a blue and yellow macaw.<ref name="hindu2"/> The [[State Bank of India]] donated {{Indian Rupee}}500,000 to adopt six endangered animals including a [[one-horned rhinoceros]], [[Bengal tiger|white Bengal tiger]], [[Common chimpanzee|chimpanzee]], and an [[orangutan]].<ref name="mynews1"/> The Confidence Factory, near [[Bhubaneswar]], adopted a [[Bengal tiger|Royal Bengal Tigress]] Rebati in 2012.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/environment/flora-fauna/Private-company-adopts-tigress-at-Nandankanan-Zoological-Park/articleshow/15099904.cms
|title=Private company adopts tigress at Nandankanan Zoological Park
|first=Minati
|last=Singha
|work=indiatimes.com
|publisher=The Times of India
|date=23 July 2012
|access-date=20 January 2013
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://nandankanan.org/adopt-an-animal.php | title=Adopt an animal | date=2014 | access-date=3 August 2016}}</ref>

==Gallery==
[[File:Spotted Deer at NandanKanan.jpg|thumb|<gallery>
File:Spotted Deer at NandanKanan.jpg|Spotted Deer at NandanKanan
</gallery>]]

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="zoo_history">{{cite web
|url=http://www.nandankanan.org/history.asp
|title=History
|work=nandankanan.org
|publisher=Nandankanan
|access-date=17 April 2011
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110202115116/http://www.nandankanan.org/history.asp
|archive-date=2 February 2011
}} </ref>

<ref name="waza_list">
{{ZooOrg|waza|zoos|accessdate=12 April 2011}}
</ref>

<ref name="cza_list">
{{ZooOrg|cza|zoos|accessdate=2 July 2011}}
</ref>

<ref name="waza">{{cite web
|url=http://www.worldzootoday.com/2009/07/04/nandankanan-now-a-member-of-world-zoo-body
|title=Nandankanan now a member of world zoo body
|work=worldzootoday.com
|publisher=World Zoo Today
|date=4 July 2009
|access-date=17 April 2011
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310083347/http://www.worldzootoday.com/2009/07/04/nandankanan-now-a-member-of-world-zoo-body/
|archive-date=10 March 2012
}} </ref>

<ref name="zandavisitor">{{cite web
|url=http://www.zandavisitor.com/forumtopicdetail-526-NANDANKANAN_BIOLOGICAL_PARK-Zoos
|title=Nandankanan Biological Park
|work=zandavisitor.com
|publisher=Zoo and Aquarium Visitor
|access-date=17 April 2011
|archive-date=12 March 2012
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312023040/http://www.zandavisitor.com/forumtopicdetail-526-NANDANKANAN_BIOLOGICAL_PARK-Zoos
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

<ref name="khorda">
{{cite web
|url=http://khordha.nic.in/nandan/nandan.htm
|title=Nandankanan Zoo
|work=khordha.nic.in
|publisher=Khorda
|access-date=17 April 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="travelchacha">{{cite web
|url=http://www.travelchacha.com/cities/bhubaneswar/nandankanan-zoo.html
|title=Nandankanan Zoo
|work=travelchacha.com
|publisher=travelChaCha
|access-date=17 April 2011
|archive-date=3 March 2016
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190806/http://www.travelchacha.com/cities/bhubaneswar/nandankanan-zoo.html
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

<ref name="orissadiary1">{{cite web
|url=http://www.orissadiary.com/ShowIntFact.asp?id=6220
|title=Nandankanan Zoo to start Adopt-an-Animal scheme soon
|work=orissadiary.com
|publisher=OrissaDiary.com
|date=23 March 2008
|access-date=17 April 2011
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725020429/http://www.orissadiary.com/ShowIntFact.asp?id=6220
|archive-date=25 July 2011
|url-status=dead
}} </ref>

<ref name="orissadiary2">{{cite web
|url=http://www.orissadiary.com/CurrentNews.asp?id=12778
|title=Orissa's Nandankanan Zoo recorded lowest mortality rate in India
|work=orissadiary.com
|publisher=OrissaDiary.com
|date=26 May 2009
|access-date=17 April 2011
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725020336/http://www.orissadiary.com/CurrentNews.asp?id=12778
|archive-date=25 July 2011
|url-status=dead
}} </ref>

<ref name="Orissa1">{{cite web
|url=http://www.odisha.in/news/151/ARTICLE/2067/2008-03-22.html
|title=Nandankanan offers for adoption of inmates
|work=Orissa.in
|publisher=Orissa Network
|access-date=17 April 2011
|archive-date=9 September 2017
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909234234/http://www.odisha.in/news/151/ARTICLE/2067/2008-03-22.html
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

<ref name="india_gov1">
{{cite web
|url=http://india.gov.in/allimpfrms/alldocs/1978.pdf
|title=Adopt an Animal, Get Tax Relief
|work=india.gov.in
|publisher=Government of India
|access-date=17 April 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="hindu1">
{{cite news
|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/10/22/stories/2008102252010300.htm
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912022952/http://www.hindu.com/2008/10/22/stories/2008102252010300.htm
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=12 September 2011
|location=Chennai, India
|title=Adoption of animals begins in Nandankanan zoo
|date=22 October 2008
|work=[[The Hindu]]
|access-date=17 April 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="hindu2">
{{cite news
|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/10/25/stories/2008102550710200.htm
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106011848/http://www.hindu.com/2008/10/25/stories/2008102550710200.htm
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=6 November 2012
|location=Chennai, India
|title=Nandankanan Zoo launches adopt-an-animal scheme
|date=25 October 2008
|work=[[The Hindu]]
|access-date=17 April 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="thehindubusinessline">
{{cite web
|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2009/05/25/stories/2009052551011400.htm
|title=Nandankanan Zoo
|work=thehindubusinessline.com
|publisher=The Hindu Business Line
|date=1 February 2011
|access-date=17 April 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="mynews1">{{cite web
|url=http://www.mynews.in/News/sbi_adopts_animals_of_nandankanan_zoo_N12743.html
|title=SBI adopts animals of Nandankanan Zoo
|work=mynews.in
|publisher=MyNews
|date=18 November 2008
|access-date=17 April 2011
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120911053832/http://www.mynews.in/News/sbi_adopts_animals_of_nandankanan_zoo_N12743.html
|archive-date=11 September 2012
}} </ref>

}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Nandankanan Zoological Park}}
* {{Official website|http://www.nandankanan.org/}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091128084509/http://www.cza.nic.in/index.html Official website of: "Central Zoo Authority of India" (CZA), Government of India]
* [http://indiatourism.ws/orissa/bhubaneswar/zoo/ Animals] in the zoo

{{Zoos of India}}
{{Protected areas of Odisha}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Zoos in India]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Odisha]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Bhubaneswar]]
[[Category:Parks in Bhubaneswar]]
[[Category:1960 establishments in Orissa]]
[[Category:Zoos established in 1960]]

Nagendra Kumar Pradhan

2025-11-30T14:26:30Z

Narayanacancercentre: minor edit

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Nagendra Kumar Pradhan
| image =
| caption = Portrait of Nagendra Kumar Pradhan
| office = [[Member of parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] for [[Sambalpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sambalpur]]
| constituency = [[Sambalpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sambalpur]]
| term_start = 2014
| term_end = 2019
| predecessor = [[Amarnath Pradhan]]
| successor =
| office1 = Member: [[Legislative Assembly of Odisha]]
| constituency1 = [[Athmallik (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Athmallik]]
| term_start1 = 2000
| term_end1 = 2009
| predecessor1 = Amarnath Pradhan
| successor1 = Sanjeeb Kumar Sahoo
| office2 =
| constituency2 = Athmallik
| term_start2 = 1990
| term_end2 = 1995
| predecessor2 = Amarnath Pradhan
| successor2 = Amarnath Pradhan
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1967|9|29}}
| birth_place = [[Buhalipal]], [[Hindol]], [[Dhenkanal]]
| residence =
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| otherparty = [[Janata Dal]], [[Biju Janata Dal]]
| profession = [[Politician]]
| religion =
| spouse = Sobhamayee Dehury
| children =
| alma_mater =
| website =
}}

'''Nagendra Kumar Pradhan''' is an Indian politician. He was elected to the [[16th Lok Sabha]] in [[2014 Indian general election|2014]] from [[Sambalpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sambalpur constituency]] in [[Odisha]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Constituencywise Trends|url=http://eciresults.nic.in/statewiseS18.htm?st=S18|publisher=Election Commission of India|accessdate=18 May 2014|archive-date=28 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528011759/http://eciresults.nic.in/statewiseS18.htm?st=S18|url-status=dead}}</ref> He was a member of the [[Biju Janata Dal]] (BJD) but joined the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) in 2024 after stating that the BJD and BJP were involved in a "friendly fight" to deprive the people.<ref>{{Cite web | title=Reporter's Guarantee {{!}} In Conversation With Congress’ Nagendra Kumar Pradhan | url=https://www.outlookindia.com/national/reporters-guarantee-in-conversation-with-congress-nagendra-kumar-pradhan | access-date=2025-04-05 | website=www.outlookindia.com}}</ref> He is a former member of [[Legislative Assembly of Odisha]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Mr Balabhadra Majhi|url=https://www.janpratinidhi.com/NagendraKumarPradhan-PO8878.aspx|publisher=Janpratinidhi|accessdate=18 May 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140518100854/https://www.janpratinidhi.com/NagendraKumarPradhan-PO8878.aspx|archivedate=18 May 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

== Election results ==

=== 2014===
{{Election box begin|title=[[Indian general election, 2014 (Odisha)|2014 General Election]], Sambalpur<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS183.htm?ac=3|title=Election Commission of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Lok Sabha Election 2014 - Orissa, Constituency: Sambalpur (03)|url=http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/Pconstituency.aspx?eid=987&cid=3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170917034743/http://empoweringindia.org/new/Pconstituency.aspx?eid=987&cid=3|url-status=usurped|archive-date=17 September 2017|publisher=EmpoweringIndia.org|accessdate=31 May 2014}}</ref>|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Biju Janata Dal|candidate=Nagendra Kumar Pradhan|votes=3,58,618|percentage=36.43|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Suresh Pujari]]|votes=3,28,042|percentage=33.33|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Amarnath Pradhan]]|votes=2,42,131|percentage=24.6|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Nathu ram|votes=12,211|percentage=1.24|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Aam Aadmi Party|candidate=[[Anand Kumar Samal]]|votes=7,029|percentage=0.71|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent (politician)|candidate=Md. Ali Hussain|votes=4,763|percentage=0.48|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)|candidate=Prasadi Pradhan|votes=4,502|percentage=0.46|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate||party=Independent|candidate=Ashok Panda|votes=4,018|percentage=0.41|change=}}
{{Election box candidate||party=Independent|candidate=Dusmanta Kar|votes=4,012|percentage=0.41|change=}}
{{Election box candidate||party=Proutist Bloc, India|candidate=Sankar Lal Agrawal|votes=3,110|percentage=0.32|change=}}
{{Election box candidate||party=Paschimanchal Vikas Party|candidate=Tarani Bhoi|votes=2,559|percentage=0.26|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=None|votes=13,314|percentage=1.35|change=''-''|}}
{{Election box majority|votes=30,576|percentage=3.10|change=''-''|}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=9,84,309|percentage=76.62|change=|}}
{{Election box Registered electors|reg. electors=12,83,061}}
{{Election box gain with party link no swing||winner=Biju Janata Dal|loser=Indian National Congress}}
{{election box end}}

== Committee Memberships ==

* [[Committee on Public Undertakings (India)|Committee on Public Undertakings (COPU)]] - Member 2018

==See also==
* [[Indian general election, 2014 (Odisha)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{16th LS members from Odisha}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pradhan, Nagendra Kumar}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Odisha]]
[[Category:India MPs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:People from Sambalpur district]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Janata Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Biju Janata Dal politicians]]
[[Category:20th-century births]]
[[Category:Orissa MLAs 1990–1995]]
[[Category:Orissa MLAs 2000–2004]]
[[Category:Orissa MLAs 2004–2009]]
[[Category:Odisha MLAs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Odisha]]

{{Odisha-BJD-politician-stub}}

Anayirangal Dam

2025-11-29T06:09:17Z

Narayanacancercentre: Made new stub...

{{more citations needed|date=July 2021}}
{{Short description|Dam in Kerala, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox dam
| location_map = India Kerala#India
| name = Anayirangal Dam
| country = [[India]]
| location = [[Idukki district|Idukki]], [[Kerala]]
| status = O
| purpose = P
| opening = {{start date and age|1965|p=y}}
| owner = [[Kerala State Electricity Board]]
| dam_type = F
| dam_crosses = [[Panniyar River|Panniyar river]]
| dam_length = {{cvt|326.13|m}}
| dam_height_foundation = {{cvt|34.13|m}}
| website = [https://dams.kseb.in Official website]
| res_elevation = {{cvt|1207.02|m}}
| res_max_depth = {{cvt|1210.07|m}}
| dam_elevation_crest = {{cvt|1207.02|m}}
| spillway_type = Ogee type
| plant_capacity = 32.4
| coordinates = {{coord|10|00|34|N|77|12|27|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| plant_operator = Kerala State Electricity Board
| plant_name = Panniar Power Station
| plant_turbines = 2 × 16.2 [[Watt|MW]] ([[Francis-type]])
| spillway_count = 3 nos, ungated (9.35 × 4.75 m)
| res_name = Anayirankal Reservoir
| res_catchment = {{cvt|64.92|km2}}
| res_capacity_total = {{cvt|50680000|m3}}
| plant_coordinates = {{coord|9|58|23|N|77|01|41|E|region:IN|display=inline}}
| plant_annual_gen = 158 MU
| plant_commission = {{start date and age|1963|p=y}}
| spillway_capacity = 348 m3/s
| name_official = Anayirankal Dam
}}

'''Anayirangal Dam''' is an [[Earth fill dam|earthen dam]] built on the [[Panniyar River|Panniyar river]] in [[Chinnakanal]] and [[Santhanpara]] panchayats, {{Cvt|22|km}} from [[Munnar]] in [[Idukki district]] of [[Kerala]], India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anayirankal Dam – KSEB Limited Dam Safety Organisation|url=https://dams.kseb.in/?p=147|access-date=2021-07-07|language=en-US}}</ref>
The dam is surrounded on one side by forest and on the other by Tata Tea Plantation. The dam is located near the [[State Highway 19 (Kerala)|Munnar - Kumily road]]. The water flowing from the dam reaches Kuthungal and [[Ponmudi Dam|Ponmudi]] dams through the Panniyar river. Power is generated at Kuthungal and Panniyar powerhouses. The dam stores water from small streams flowing from Bealram and rainwater flowing from the hills on the [[Tamil Nadu]] border. The height of the dam is {{Convert|34.14|m}} and Length is {{Convert|326.13|m}}. The reservoir usually fills up in June and July.<ref>{{Cite web|title=പ്രളയത്തിലും നിറയാതെ ഇടുക്കിയിലെ ആനയിറങ്കൽ ഡാം|url=https://www.asianetnews.com/news/annayirankal-dam-at-idukki-peka5q|access-date=2021-07-07|website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd|language=ml}}</ref>
[[File:Anayirankal Dam ksrtmun2k24 (64).jpg|thumb|left|170px|From east]]
The project is situated in Muthirapuzha basin, a sub basin of [[Periyar (river)|Periyar River]]. The reservoir is created by constructing a dam at Anayirankal. Construction was led by E.U.Philipose, Superintending Engineer, Kerala State Electricity Board. The dam has ungated spill way system. The water stored in the reservoir is released to the river downstream through an outlet. This water is diverted by an overflow barrage at Kuthungal to Kuthungal Power House. After generation of power the water is released to [[Ponmudi]] reservoir at the downstream. This water is then diverted to Panniyar Power station located on the left bank of Muthirapuzha and released back to [[Muthirapuzha River]] and flows downstream to Kallarkutty reservoir.From there, the river flows through taluks of [[Udumbanchola|Udumpanchola]], [[Devikulam taluk|Devikulam]], [[Kothamangalam]], [[Muvattupuzha Taluk|Muvattupuzha]], [[Kunnathunad]]u, [[Aluva]], [[Kodungallur|Kodungalloor]], [[Paravur Taluk|Paravur]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wilson |first1=James |title=Understanding the 42-year-old Idukki dam which is now saving Kerala |url= https://theprint.in/opinion/in-monsoon-battered-kerala-idukki-dam-has-stood-tall-to-prevent-floods/97579/ |publisher=The Print |date=13 August 2018}}</ref>

==Specifications==
*Type of Dam : Earthen dam
*Classification : HH (High Height)
*Panchayath : Santhanpara
*Village : Pooppara, Chinnakanal, Rajakumari
*District : Idukki
* River : Panniyar
*Height from deepest foundation : 34.14 m
*Length : 326.13 m
*Full Reservoir Level ( FRL) : EL 1207.02 m
*Storage at FRL : 50.68 Mm3

==Reservoir==
Reservoir is formed by impounding the Panniyar river. There is a second reservoir made by Ponmudi dam which is part of the Panniyar project.

* Full Reservoir Level (FRL) = 1207.01 m
*Minimum Drawdown level (MDDL)= 1188.1 m
*Effective Storage at FRL = 49.87 MCM
*Generation potential at FRL = 65.62 MU
<gallery>
File:PeriyarRiver,Munnar.JPG|From dam crest
File:Hills of the Western Ghats.jpg|From west
File:Munnar Tea Plantations-WUS07366.jpg|From west
</gallery>

==Power generation==
Panniyar Power House in Vellathooval village, Konnathadi Grama Panchayat, on the left bank of Muthirapuzha, generates 30 MW of electricity using 2 turbines of 15 MW each. Annual production is 158 MU. In 2003, the project was upgraded from 30 MW to 32.4 MW.<ref>{{cite web |title=PANNIYAR POWER STATION |url=https://kseb.in/article/eyJpdiI6Ijh3T1Y3MTZoTlRrRzV5RDlpcHFnSFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOGlYbUdkMjYyNk9wRFFIekFvUTNwQT09IiwibWFjIjoiNjgyODM5NmU1NjM5ODA4ZmU5MWNjMWE3MTAzZTEzZjAzZDk3NzUzZTlhN2Q1Mzk2OTQ0ZGU3N2M2ZDQxNTAxMyIsInRhZyI6IiJ9/eyJpdiI6InpKWHl2UGxYQnE2Y1BaK2xGajFxVmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiZGh4UTVtOUxEcTc2UkR4S3EvOGdLdz09IiwibWFjIjoiODU2Yjc2ZDJjN2M0ZTM2MmIwMDM2N2IzMTAwY2FiY2U0MmEwNzc2MWZiZmU4YWY0ZTMwZDllNTc2ZTgzZGRlMiIsInRhZyI6IiJ9 |publisher=Kerala State Electricity Board}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Dams in Kerala}}

[[Category:Periyar (river)]]
[[Category:Dams in Idukki district]]

Rup Deo

2025-11-18T18:05:24Z

Narayanacancercentre: made initial details first draft

{{Short description|Rana of Alirajpur from 1871 to 1881}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{infobox royalty
| name = Rana Rup Deo
| title = [[Rana (title)|Rana]]
| succession = [[Rana (title)|Rana]] of [[Alirajpur State|Alirajpur]]
| reign = 1871 – 1881
| predecessor = Rana [[Ganga Deo]]
| successor = Rana [[Bijai Singh of Alirajpur|Bijai Singh]]
| birth_date = 1847
| death_date = 29 October 1881
| issue = *Baiji Ratan Kanwarji m.to HH Maharana Gambhir Sinhji Vairisal Sinhji of [[Rajpipla State]]

*Baiji Himmat Kanwarji m.to HH Maharawal Pratap Sinhji Gulab Sinhji of [[Bansda State]]

*Baiji (name unknown) m.to Yuvraj Madhav Sinhji Bechar Sinhji of [[Chuda State]]
| house = {{flagicon image|Drapeau_AliRajpur.png}} [[Alirajpur State|Alirajpur]]
| father = [[Jaswant Singh of Alirajpur|Jaswant Singh]]
| dynasty = [[Rathore dynasty|Rathore]]
}}

'''Rana Rup Dev''' (or '''Roop Deo''') was the [[Rana (title)|Rathore-Rajput]] ruler of one of its early sub-clan of [[Alirajpur State]] from the year 1871 until his death in 1881.He died without a male issue and was thus therefore succeeded by a distant kin Bijai Singh.

== Early life and career ==
When his father, Jaswant Singh, died in 1862, he left behind a will stating that the state of [[Alirajpur State|Alirajpur]] was to be divided equally between his sons, [[Ganga Deo]] and Rup Deo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Purushotam Vishram Mawjee |url=https://archive.org/details/DurbarAlbum1/page/ |title=(1911) Imperial durbar album of the Indian princes, chiefs and zamindars, Vol. I. |date=1911 |pages=102–104}}</ref> However, the will was not followed, and the Government of India decided that [[Ganga Deo]] should succeed to his father's titles, while suitable provisions would be made for Rup Deo.<ref name=":0" /> Accordingly, arrangements were made.<ref name=":0" /> When his eldest brother was deposed in 1869 and [[Alirajpur State|Alirajpur]] was placed under superintendence, he was given a role in the administration.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=C.E. Luard |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.08803/ |title=Western States Gazetteers: Malwa |date=1908 |publisher=Bombay, British India Press |pages=599}}</ref> It was done to ensure he was properly trained for the duties that would devolve upon him when he succeeded his brother.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Aitchison C. U |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.235898/ |title=A Collection Of Treaties, Engagements and Sanads Vol - Iv (1930) |date=1930 |publisher=Central Publication Branch Government Of India, Calcutta |pages=161}}</ref>

== Succession ==
Upon the death of [[Ganga Deo]] in 1871, he succeeded him as the [[Rana (title)|Rana]] of [[Alirajpur State|Alirajpur]].<ref name=":1" />

== Reign ==
At the time of his succession, the [[British government of India|Government of India]] decided to make no changes to the existing administration until Rup proved his ability to efficiently fulfill the responsibilities of governance.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mehta |first=Manu Nandshankar |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.48807 |title=Hind Rajasthan |date=1896 |pages=767}}</ref> In 1873, he was granted administrative powers with the condition that his continuation in power would rely on his effectiveness in managing the administration.<ref name=":1" />

== Death ==
He died without any issue in 1881.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Aurora |first=Gurdip Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_US9_YThGOoC |title=Tribe-caste-class Encounters; Some Aspects of Folk-urban Relations in Alirajpur Tehsil |date=1972 |publisher=Administrative Staff College of India |pages=76–77 |language=en}}</ref> His death led to a succession dispute in [[Alirajpur State|Alirajpur]] which was resolved when the [[British government of India|Government of India]] selected [[Bijai Singh of Alirajpur|Bijai Singh]] as his successor.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Ramesh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8-ZOAAAAMAAJ |title=Cities and Towns of India |date=2004 |publisher=Commonwealth Publishers |isbn=978-81-7169-808-0 |pages=90 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Agarwal |first=Krishna Prakash |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3SZuAAAAMAAJ |title=British Take-over of India: Modus Operandi : an Original Study of the Policies and Methods Adopted by the British While Taking Over India, Based on Treaties and Other Official Documents |date=1979 |publisher=Oriental Publishers & Distributors |pages=122 |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
<references group="Princess Himmat Kanwarji's name added from the records of Bansda State Vasudevpur byChintan Solanki " />

{{DEFAULTSORT:Deo, Rup}}
[[Category:1881 deaths]]
[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]
[[Category:People from British India]]
[[Category:1847 births]]

Dowlat Singh

2025-11-18T15:49:28Z

Narayanacancercentre: added a biography...

{{Short description|Rao of Sikar from 1687 to 1721}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{infobox royalty
| name = Dowlat Singh
| succession = [[Rao (title)|Rao]] of [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]]
| reign = 1687 – 1721
| successor = [[Shiv Singh of Sikar|Shiv Singh]]
| father = Jaswant Singh
| issue = [[Shiv Singh of Sikar|Shiv Singh]]
|death_date = 1721
| house = [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]]
| dynasty = [[Shekhawat]]
}}

'''Dowlat Singh''' (or '''Daulat Singh''') was the [[Rai (title)|Rao]] of [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]] from 1687 until his death in 1721.

== Birth ==
He was born to Jaswant Singh of Kasli.<ref>{{Cite book |last=ANSHDEEP |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRAOEQAAQBAJ |title=RAJASTHAN GK. 50 DISTRICTS {{!}} ENGLISH MEDIUM: UPDATED EDITION 2024 |date=2024-06-01 |publisher=Intend Education |pages=17 |language=en}}</ref>

== Reign ==
He succeeded his father at the age of 14.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Sinh |first=Ranbir |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EduAAAAMAAJ |title=History of Shekhawats |date=2001 |publisher=Publication Scheme |isbn=978-81-86782-74-3 |pages=134–136 |language=en}}</ref> To atone for killing his father, Bahadur Singh, the Raja of [[Khandela]], visited Dujodh and took Dowlat, then fourteen-year-old, to [[Khandela]] with him.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Dundlod |first=Harnath Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6T1XAAAAMAAJ |title=The Sheikhawats & Their Lands |date=1970 |publisher=Raj Educational Printers |pages=63 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Hooja |first=Rima |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tosMAQAAMAAJ |title=A History of Rajasthan |date=2006 |publisher=Rupa & Company |isbn=978-81-291-0890-6 |pages=584–585 |language=en}}</ref> Bahadur hosted him there for a period with warmth and care.<ref name=":0" /> In 1687, Bahadur Singh granted him a region known as Virbhan-ka-Bas.<ref name=":1" /> He renamed the place [[Sikar (estate)|Sikar]] after his ancestor [[Rao Shekha|Shekha]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |date=2017-09-15 |title=Shekhawats of Sikar |url=https://rajras.in/shekhawats-of-sikar/ |access-date=2025-01-03 |website=RajRAS {{!}} RAS Exam Preparation |language=en-US}}</ref> In the same year, he laid the foundation of a fort at [[Sikar]].<ref name=":1" /> He constructed a temple dedicated to Mohanji.<ref name=":0" /> Upon learning that the Thakur of Jagmalpura had captured his mare and mistreated its rider, he led an offensive against Jagmalpura.<ref name=":2" /> He was supported in this effort by Fateh Singh from Dujodh and Dip Singh from Kasli.<ref name=":2" /> Following his victory, he expelled the Thakur and his family and took control of Jagmalpura, along with Chainpura and Dadi.<ref name=":2" /> To avenge his father's murder, he killed Bahadur Singh's younger brother, Bhupat Singh.<ref name=":2" /> He subsequently incorporated seven of Bhupat's villages into his estate.<ref name=":0" />

He was a trusted confidant of [[Sawai Jai Singh|Jai Singh II]].<ref name=":1" />

== Personal life ==
When his eldest son, [[Shiv Singh of Sikar|Shiv Singh]], was born, he constructed a [[Shiva]] temple on the hill of [[Harsh, Sikar|Harsh]].<ref name=":0" />

== Death ==
He died in [[Sikar]] in 1721 and was succeeded by his son [[Shiv Singh of Sikar|Shiv Singh]].<ref name=":1" />

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:1721 deaths]]
[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]
[[Category:People from Sikar]]
[[Category:Indian city founders]]

FEFSI Vijayan

2025-10-28T03:21:17Z

Narayanacancercentre: added a data

{{Short description|Indian film choreographer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}
{{BLP sources|date=April 2014}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Vijayan
| image =
| caption =
| parents = Swaminathan (father)
| children = Shabarish
| occupation = [[Stunt performer]], [[Action director]]
}}
'''FEFSI Vijayan''' is an Indian [[action choreographer]], [[stunt coordinator]], [[actor]] who works in [[Telugu cinema|Telugu]], [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]], [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam]] and [[Bollywood|Hindi]] language films.

==Career==
He has the record of being the youngest stunt master in the Indian film industry at the age of 22. He became a stunt man at the age of 17 due to family situation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://scroll.in/reel/821934/a-stunt-directors-diary-we-would-be-given-a-platform-ticket-and-asked-to-jump-from-the-train |title=a-stunt-directors-diary |access-date=3 March 2020 |archive-date=5 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905104714/https://scroll.in/reel/821934/a-stunt-directors-diary-we-would-be-given-a-platform-ticket-and-asked-to-jump-from-the-train |url-status=live }}</ref> He is the son of stunt choreographer Swaminathan who is known for composing Lion fight done by [[M. G. Ramachandran|MGR]] in [[Adimai Penn]]. Swaminathan was a prominent fight master for MGR films and for that Vijayan had very close relationship with MGR.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Spotlight-Men-of-action/articleshow/53739683.cms |title=Spotlight-Men-of-action |website=[[The Times of India]] |last1=Suganth |first1=M. |access-date=3 March 2020 |archive-date=26 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226172918/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Spotlight-Men-of-action/articleshow/53739683.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> He was the president of the [[Film Employees Federation of South India|FEFSI]] and thus, earning him the nickname FEFSI Vijayan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news/nov-07-04/27-11-07-fefsi.html|title=TAMIL FILM PRODUCER COUNCIL FEFSI FILM EMPLOYEES FEDERATION OF SOUTH INDIA VIJAYAN LIGHT MAN DIRECTORS CINEMATOGRAPHERS DRIVERS hot stills picture image gallery|access-date=31 May 2016|archive-date=21 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321102309/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news/nov-07-04/27-11-07-fefsi.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indolink.com/tamil/cinema/News/97/Oct/strike.htm |title=Strike page |work=Indolink Tamil|access-date=25 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924034545/http://www.indolink.com/tamil/cinema/News/97/Oct/strike.htm |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=usurped |df=dmy-all }}</ref> His son, Shabarish is an actor who has starred in few films like ''[[Markandeyan]]'' (2011) and ''[[Pandi Oliperukki Nilayam]]'' (2012).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/markandeyan-review-tamil-pcmacpdadigic.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701171249/http://www.sify.com/movies/markandeyan-review-tamil-pcmacpdadigic.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 July 2016|title = Markandeyan|website=[[Sify]] }}</ref>

==Filmography==
===As stunt choreographer===
{{div col}}
* 1981 ''[[Meendum Kokila]]'' (Tamil)
* 1981 ''[[Kolilakkam]]'' (Malayalam)
* 1982 ''[[Sangili (1982 film)|Sangili]]'' (Tamil)
* 1983 ''[[Roshagadu]]'' (credited as Vijay) (Telugu)
* 1983 ''[[Manthri Gari Viyyankudu]]'' (credited as Vijay) (Telugu)
* 1984 ''[[Bobbili Brahmanna]]'' (Telugu)
* 1985 ''[[Chattamtho Poratam]]'' (credited as Vijay) (Telugu)
* 1985 ''[[Agni Parvatam]]'' (Telugu)
* 1985 ''[[Chiranjeevi (1985 film)|Chiranjeevi]]'' (Telugu)
* 1985 ''[[Donga (film)|Donga]]'' (Telugu)
* 1985 ''Vajrayudham'' (Telugu)
* 1985 ''[[Adavi Donga]]'' (Telugu)
* 1985 ''[[Mahaguru (1985 film)|Mahaguru]]'' (Hindi)
* 1985 ''[[Pattabhishekam (1985 film)|Pattabhishekam]]'' (Telugu)
* 1986 ''[[Kondaveeti Raja]]'' (Telugu)
* 1986 ''[[Dharm Adhikari]]'' (Hindi)
* 1986 ''[[Veta (1986 film)|Veta]]'' (Telugu)
* 1986 ''[[Muddat]]'' (Hindi)
* 1986 ''[[Khaidi Rudraiah]]'' (Telugu)
* 1986 ''[[Apoorva Sahodarulu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1986 ''[[Chanakya Sapatham]]'' (Telugu)
* 1986 ''[[Kaliyuga Pandavulu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1987 ''[[Collector Gari Abbai]]'' (Telugu)
* 1987 ''[[Agni Putrudu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1987 ''[[Ramu (1987 film)|Ramu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1987 ''[[Sahasa Samrat]]'' (Telugu)
* 1987 ''[[Ajeyudu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1987 ''[[Bharatamlo Arjunudu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1988 ''[[Aakhari Poratam]]'' (Telugu)
* 1988 ''[[Chinababu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1988 ''[[Janaki Ramudu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1988 ''[[Manchi Donga]]'' (Telugu)
* 1988 ''[[Yuddha Bhoomi]]'' (Telugu)
* 1988 ''[[Aswaddhama]]'' (Telugu)
* 1988 ''[[Raktabhishekam]]'' (Telugu)
* 1988 ''[[Brahma Puthrudu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1989 ''[[Vicky Dada]]'' (Telugu)
* 1989 ''[[Rakhwala (1989 film)|Rakhwala]]'' (Hindi)
* 1989 ''[[Agni (1989 film)|Agni]]'' (Telugu)
* 1989 ''[[Bhale Donga]]'' (Telugu)
* 1989 ''[[State Rowdy]]'' (Telugu)
* 1989 ''[[Rudranetra]]'' (Telugu)
* 1989 ''[[Kanoon Apna Apna]]'' (Hindi)
* 1989 ''[[Prema (1989 film)|Prema]]'' (Telugu)
* 1989 ''[[Ontari Poratam]]'' (Telugu)
* 1989 ''[[Two Town Rowdy]]'' (Telugu)
* 1990 ''[[Kondaveeti Donga]]'' (Telugu)
* 1990 ''[[Bobbili Raja]]'' (Telugu)
* 1990 ''[[Lorry Driver (film)|Lorry Driver]]'' (Telugu)
* 1991 ''[[Talli Tandrulu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1991 ''Maha Yagnam'' (Telugu)
* 1991 ''Ramudu Kadhu Rakshasudu'' (Telugu)
* 1991 ''[[Coolie No. 1 (1991 film)|Coolie No. 1]]'' (Telugu)
* 1991 ''[[Rowdy Alludu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1992 ''[[Dharma Kshetram]]'' (Telugu)
* 1992 ''[[Gharana Mogudu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1993 ''[[Muqabla (1993 film)|Muqabla]]'' (Hindi)
* 1993 ''[[Kondapalli Raja]]'' (Telugu)
* 1993 ''[[Nippu Ravva]]'' (Telugu)
* 1994 ''[[Mugguru Monagallu (1994 film)|Mugguru Monagallu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1995 ''[[Alluda Majaka]]'' (Telugu)
* 1995 ''[[Haathkadi (1995 film)|Haathkadi]]'' (Hindi)
* 1995 ''[[Big Boss (film)|Big Boss]]'' (Telugu)
* 1995 ''[[Pedarayudu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1995 ''[[Ravan Raaj: A True Story]]'' (Hindi)
* 1996 ''[[Jung (1996 film)|Jung]]'' (Hindi)
* 1996 ''[[Akkada Ammayi Ikkada Abbayi]]'' (Telugu)
* 1996 ''[[Soggadi Pellam]]'' (Telugu)
* 1998 ''[[Choodalani Vundi]]'' (Telugu)
* 1999 ''[[Iddaru Mitrulu (1999 film)|Iddaru Mitrulu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1999 ''[[Raja Kumarudu]]'' (Telugu)
* 2000 ''[[Bulandi (2000 film)|Bulandi]]'' (Hindi)
* 2000 ''[[Vamsi (film)|Vamsi]]'' (Telugu)
* 2001 ''[[Mrugaraju]]'' (Telugu)
* 2001 ''[[Dhill]]'' (Tamil)
* 2002 ''[[Takkari Donga]]'' (Telugu)
* 2002 ''[[Baba (2002 film)|Baba]]'' (Tamil)
* 2003 ''[[Okkadu]]'' (Telugu)
* 2003 ''[[Gangotri (2003 film)|Gangotri]]'' (Telugu)
* 2003 ''Simhachalam'' (Telugu)
* 2003 ''[[Tagore (film)|Tagore]]'' (Telugu)
* 2003 ''[[Joot]]'' (Tamil)
* 2004 ''[[Arjun (2004 film)|Arjun]]'' (Telugu)
* 2004 ''[[Shankar Dada MBBS]]'' (Telugu)
* 2005 ''[[Balu (2005 film)|Balu]]'' (Telugu)
* 2005 ''[[Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana]]'' (Telugu)
* 2005 ''[[Sachein]]'' (Tamil)
* 2005 ''[[Subhash Chandra Bose (film)|Subhash Chandra Bose]]'' (Telugu)
* 2005 ''[[Political Rowdy]]'' (Telugu)
* 2006 ''[[Pokiri (2006 film)|Pokiri]]'' (Telugu)
* 2006 ''[[Unakkum Enakkum]]'' (Tamil)
* 2006 ''[[Annavaram (film)|Annavaram]]'' (Telugu)
* 2007 ''[[Desamuduru]]'' (Telugu)
* 2007 ''[[Pokkiri]]'' (Tamil)
* 2007 ''[[Sri Mahalakshmi]]'' (Telugu)
* 2007 ''[[Chirutha]]'' (Telugu)
* 2007 ''[[Azhagiya Tamil Magan]]'' (Tamil)
* 2008 ''[[Bujjigadu]]'' (Telugu)
* 2009 ''[[Villu (film)|Villu]]'' (Tamil)
* 2009 ''[[Wanted (2009 film)|Wanted]]'' (Hindi)
* 2010 ''[[Porki]]'' (Kannada)
* 2010 ''[[Dabangg]]'' (Hindi)
* 2010 ''[[Puli (2010 film)|Puli]]'' (Telugu)
* 2011 ''[[Markandeyan]]'' (Tamil)
* 2011 ''[[Bodyguard (2011 Hindi film)|Bodyguard]]'' (Hindi)
* 2012 ''[[Krishnam Vande Jagadgurum]]'' (Telugu)
* 2013 ''[[Seethamma Vakitlo Sirimalle Chettu]]'' (Telugu)
* 2014 ''[[Vallavanukku Pullum Aayudham]]'' (Tamil)
* 2015 ''[[Dynamite (2015 film)|Dynamite]]'' (Telugu)
* 2016 ''[[Brahmotsavam (film)|Brahmotsavam]]'' (Telugu)
* 2017 ''[[Indrajith (2017 film)|Indrajith]]'' (Tamil)
* 2017 ''[[Balakrishnudu]]'' (Telugu)
* 2018 ''[[Bhaiaji Superhit]]'' (Hindi)
* 2018 ''[[Bhaskar Oru Rascal]]'' (Tamil)
{{div col end}}

===As actor===
{{div col}}
* 1983 ''[[Mantri Gari Viyyankudu]]'' (Telugu)
* 1988 ''[[Aakhari Poratam]]'' (Telugu)
* 1988 ''[[Yuddha Bhoomi]]'' (Telugu)
* 2001 ''[[Dhill]]'' (Tamil)
* 2002 ''[[Baba (2002 film)|Baba]]'' (Tamil)
* 2002 ''[[Ivan (2002 film)|Ivan]]'' (Tamil)
* 2002 ''[[Villain (2002 film)|Villain]]'' (Tamil)
* 2003 ''[[Villain (2003 film)|Villain]]'' (Telugu)
* 2003 ''[[Tagore (film)|Tagore]]'' (Telugu)
* 2003 ''[[Anjaneya (film)|Anjaneya]]'' (Tamil) as Vettu Ramasamy
* 2003 ''[[Joot]]'' (Tamil)
* 2004 ''[[Aethiree]]'' (Tamil)
* 2004 ''[[Giri (film)|Giri]]'' (Tamil)
* 2005 ''[[Sukran]]'' (Tamil)
* 2005 ''[[Daas (2005 film)|Daas]]'' (Tamil)
* 2006 ''[[Jambhavan]]'' (Tamil)
* 2006 ''[[Madrasi (2006 film)|Madrasi]]'' (Tamil)
* 2008 ''[[Vambu Sandai]]'' (Tamil)
* 2009 ''[[Villu (film)|Villu]]'' (Tamil)
* 2009 ''[[Aadhavan]]'' (Tamil)
* 2015 ''[[Inimey Ippadithaan]]'' (Tamil)
* 2017 ''[[Muthuramalingam]]'' (Tamil) as Ramaiah
* 2019 ''[[Thadam]]'' (Tamil)
* 2019 ''[[Devarattam]]'' (Tamil)
* 2023 ''[[DD Returns]]'' (Tamil)
{{div col end}}

===As director===
* 1991 ''Maha Yagnam'' - Telugu
* 2004 ''[[Naani]]'' - Telugu (Heroine Introduction Scene only)
* 2007 ''[[Sri Mahalakshmi]]'' - Telugu
* 2011 ''[[Markandeyan]]'' - Tamil<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-reviews/reviews-2/aug-11-01/markandeyan-review.html|title=Markandeyan Review - Markandeyan Movie Review|access-date=31 May 2016|archive-date=16 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160516214359/http://behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-reviews/reviews-2/aug-11-01/markandeyan-review.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Television===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Shows !! Role !! Channel !! Notes
|-
|2024-present
|''[[Top Cooku Dupe Cooku (season 1)]]''
|Contestant, Runner up
|[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|
|-
|}

==Awards==
;[[Filmfare Awards]]
* 2009: [[Filmfare Award for Best Action]] - ''[[Wanted (2009 film)|Wanted]]'' <ref>{{cite news|title=3 Idiots, Dev D top winners at Filmfare Awards|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/3-Idiots-Dev-D-top-winners-at-Filmfare-Awards/articleshow/5627239.cms|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2011-01-31|date=2010-02-28|archive-date=15 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100515090012/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/News-Interviews/3-Idiots-Dev-D-top-winners-at-Filmfare-Awards/articleshow/5627239.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2010: Filmfare Award for Best Action - ''[[Dabangg]]'' <ref>{{cite news|title=Udaan, Dabangg top winners at Fimfare Awards|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Udaan-Dabangg-top-winners-at-Fimfare-Awards/articleshow/7385103.cms|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2011-01-31|date=29 January 2011|archive-date=11 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111015515/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Udaan-Dabangg-top-winners-at-Fimfare-Awards/articleshow/7385103.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

;[[Nandi Awards]]
* 2001: [[Nandi Award for Best Fight Master]] - ''[[Bhadrachalam]]''
* 2002: [[Nandi Award for Best Fight Master]] - ''[[Takkari Donga]]''
* 2003: [[Nandi Award for Best Fight Master]] - ''[[Okkadu]]''
* 2006: [[Nandi Award for Best Fight Master]] - ''[[Pokiri]]''
* 2011: [[Nandi Award for Best Fight Master]] - ''[[Dookudu]]''

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|id=0897213|name=Vijayan}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vijayan}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Indian action choreographers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Telugu film directors]]
[[Category:Tamil film directors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Top Cooku Dupe Cooku contestants]]

Kanirajanu Tissa

2025-10-07T09:35:32Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{Short description|King of Anuradhapura from 30 to 33 AD}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Kanirajanu Tissa
| title = King of Anuradhapura
| image =
| caption =
| reign = 29 - 32 AD
| coronation =
| full name =
| birth_date = 
| birth_place =
| death_date = 32 AD
| death_place =
| burial_date =
| burial_place = 
| predecessor = [[Amandagamani Abhaya of Anuradhapura|Amandagamani Abhaya]]
| successor = [[Chulabhaya of Anuradhapura|Chulabhaya]]
| spouse =
| issue =
| royal house =
| dynasty = [[House of Vijaya]]
| father = [[Mahadathika Mahanaga of Anuradhapura|Mahadathika Mahanaga]]
| mother =
| signature =
| religion = [[Theravāda Buddhism]]
}}

'''Kanirajanu Tissa''' was King of [[Kingdom of Anuradhapura|Anuradhapura]] in the 1st century, whose short reign lasted from 29 to 32 AD.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glory Of The Royal Cities - Sunil De Costa: 9789555033213 - AbeBooks |url=https://www.abebooks.com/9789555033213/Glory-Royal-Cities-Sunil-Costa-9555033218/plp |access-date=2025-10-07 |website=www.abebooks.com |language=en}}</ref> He succeeded his brother [[Amandagamani Abhaya of Anuradhapura|Amandagamani Abhaya]] as [[King of Anuradhapura]] and was succeeded by his nephew [[Chulabhaya of Anuradhapura|Chulabhaya]]. [[Mahāvaṃsa|Mahavamsa]] mentions King Kanirajanu Tissa as an evil king who killed his brother King [[Amandagamani Abhaya of Anuradhapura|Amandagamini]] and ascended the throne.

The Mahavamsa states that this king made a court judgment in the Poya house of the [[Chethiya Giri Vihara]] and conspired to kill sixty monks who opposed it, prosecuted them and sentenced them to death by throwing them into a precipice filled with iron spikes called 'kanira'.

It is said that during the reign of this wicked ruler, life of the people in the [[Anuradhapura Kingdom|kingdom]] itself was deplorable.

==See also==
* [[List of Sri Lankan monarchs]]
* [[History of Sri Lanka]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~lkawgw/gen3000.html Kings & Rulers of Sri Lanka]
* [http://lakdiva.org/codrington/ Codrington's Short History of Ceylon]

{{s-start}}
{{s-hou|[[House of Vijaya]]|?|?|?|?|}}
{{s-reg|}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Amandagamani Abhaya of Anuradhapura|Amandagamani Abhaya]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[List of Anuradhapura monarchs|King of Anuradhapura]]
| years = 29–32 AD
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Chulabhaya of Anuradhapura|Chulabhaya]]
}}
{{end}}

{{Monarchs of the Anuradhapura Kingdom}}
{{House of Vijaya}}

[[Category:Monarchs of Anuradhapura]]
[[Category:Sinhalese kings]]
[[Category:House of Vijaya]]
[[Category:1st-century Sinhalese monarchs]]

{{SriLanka-hist-stub}}

Sumitra Hazarika

2025-09-15T15:20:50Z

Narayanacancercentre: created new stub...

{{Short description|Indian activist}}
'''Sumitra Hazarika''' is an Indian activist. She was born in a village near to [[Titabor]] in [[Assam]], India.<ref name="AT-20" /> She was married to Manindra Gogoi until his death in 2015<ref name="Sentinel" /> and was sister-in-law to [[Bhupen Hazarika]].<ref name="CMCJ" /> She is president of the Mission for Integration, Gender Equalization, Harmony and Fight against Threat (MIGHT).<ref name="AT-10" /> She also works for the [[Assam State Commission for Women]].<ref name="AJ" /><ref name="BBC" /> In 2022, she filed a [[first information report]] (FIR) with the police against politician [[Sherman Ali Ahmed]] regarding his televised comments on rape.<ref name="PT" /> President [[Pranab Mukherjee]] gave Hazarika the [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]] on 8 March 2017 in recognition of her services.<ref name="IT" /> She also was awarded the Prag Perona in 2018.<ref name="GP" />

== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="AJ">{{cite news |last1=Bhaumik |first1=Subir |title=Assam: Traffickers’ happy hunting ground |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2013/9/30/assam-traffickers-happy-hunting-ground |access-date=20 September 2022 |work=Al Jazeera |date=30 September 2013 |language=en |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920172419/https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2013/9/30/assam-traffickers-happy-hunting-ground |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="AT-10">{{cite news |title=Sumitra Hazarika gets Nari Shakti Award |url=https://assamtribune.com/sumitra-hazarika-gets-nari-shakti-award |access-date=20 September 2022 |work=The Assam Tribune |date=15 September 2010 |language=en |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920171625/https://assamtribune.com/sumitra-hazarika-gets-nari-shakti-award |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="AT-20">{{cite news |last1=Raimedhi |first1=Indrani |title=I, Me, Myself |url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/the-assam-tribune/20200924/282471416297213 |access-date=20 September 2022 |work=The Assam Tribune |date=24 September 2020 |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920173001/https://www.pressreader.com/india/the-assam-tribune/20200924/282471416297213 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="BBC">{{cite news |last1=Bhaumik |first1=Subir |title=Alarm over Assam sex trade |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7437984.stm |access-date=20 September 2022 |work=BBC News |date=5 June 2008 |archive-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928110252/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7437984.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="CMCJ">{{cite web |title=‘Mass Communication Day’ celebrated on Bhupen da’s Birthday at CMCJ, Cotton College |url=https://bcmj.wordpress.com/2014/09/10/mass-communication-day-celebrated-on-bhupen-das-birthday-at-cmcj-cotton-college/ |website=The Mass Communicators |access-date=20 September 2022 |language=en |date=10 September 2014 |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920172947/https://bcmj.wordpress.com/2014/09/10/mass-communication-day-celebrated-on-bhupen-das-birthday-at-cmcj-cotton-college/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="GP">{{cite web |title=11 women achievers of Assam awarded by Chief Minister |url=https://www.guwahatiplus.com/guwahati/11-women-achievers-of-assam-awarded-by-chief-minister |website=Guwahati Plus |access-date=20 September 2022 |language=en |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920172918/https://www.guwahatiplus.com/guwahati/11-women-achievers-of-assam-awarded-by-chief-minister |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="IT">{{cite news |title=Sumitra Hazarika receives Nari Shakti award |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/sumitra-hazarika-receives-nari-shakti-award-887418-2017-03-08 |access-date=20 September 2022 |work=India Today |agency=Press Trust of India |date=8 March 2017 |language=en |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920174059/https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/sumitra-hazarika-receives-nari-shakti-award-887418-2017-03-08 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="PT">{{cite web |last1=Bureau |first1=Pratidin |title=Assam: FIR Against Sherman Ali For Alleged 'Rape' Remark |url=https://www.pratidintime.com/latest-assam-news-breaking-news-assam/assam-fir-against-sherman-ali-for-alleged-rape-remarks |website=Pratidin Time |access-date=20 September 2022 |language=en |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920174053/https://www.pratidintime.com/latest-assam-news-breaking-news-assam/assam-fir-against-sherman-ali-for-alleged-rape-remarks |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Sentinel">{{cite news |title=Sports organizer's last wishes fulfilled, body doted |url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/guwahati-today/sports-organizers-last-wishes-fulfilled-body-doted/ |access-date=20 September 2022 |work=Sentinel Assam |date=31 December 2015 |language=en |archive-date=20 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920171525/https://www.sentinelassam.com/guwahati-today/sports-organizers-last-wishes-fulfilled-body-doted/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

}}

{{Nari Shakti Puraskar}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hazarika, Sumitra}}
[[Category:Women from Assam]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Nari Shakti Puraskar winners]]
[[Category:Indian activists]]
[[Category:Living people]]

14th Cavalry Brigade (British Indian Army)

2025-09-08T08:41:37Z

Narayanacancercentre: improved article

{{Use British English|date=December 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name=Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade 3rd (Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire) Mounted Brigade 7th Mounted Brigade 14th Cavalry Brigade
|image=Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade Cap Badge.jpg
|caption=Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade Cap Badge
|dates=1908 – September 1919
|country={{flagcountry|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}
|allegiance={{Flagicon image|Royal standard of the United Kingdom.svg}} [[Monarchy of the United Kingdom|King of the United Kingdom]]
|branch={{army|United Kingdom|23px}} [[British Indian Army]]
|type=[[Yeomanry]] & [[cavalry]]
|role=
|size=[[Brigade]]
|command_structure=[[2nd Mounted Division]] [[5th Cavalry Division (British Indian Army)|5th Cavalry Division]]
|garrison=[[Nottingham]]
|garrison_label=HQ (peacetime)
|nickname=
|patron=
|motto=
|colors=
|colors_label=
|march=
|mascot=
|equipment=
|equipment_label=
|battles={{Tree list}}
*[[First World War]]
**[[Gallipoli 1915]]
**[[Macedonian front|Salonika 1916–17]]
**[[Sinai and Palestine Campaign|Egypt and Palestine 1917–18]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|anniversaries=
|decorations=
|battle_honours=
|battle_honours_label=
|disbanded=
|flying_hours=
|website=

|commander1=
|commander1_label=
|commander2=
|commander2_label=
|commander3=
|commander3_label=
|commander4=
|commander4_label=
|notable_commanders=[[Goland Vanhalt Clarke]]

|identification_symbol=
|identification_symbol_label=
|identification_symbol_2=
|identification_symbol_2_label=
|identification_symbol_3=
|identification_symbol_3_label=
|identification_symbol_4=
|identification_symbol_4_label=
}}
The '''Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade''' (later numbered as the '''7th Mounted Brigade''') was a [[yeomanry]] [[brigade]] of the [[British Army]], formed as part of the [[Territorial Force]] in 1908.

It served dismounted in the [[Gallipoli Campaign]] before being remounted to serve in the [[Macedonian front|Salonika]] and [[Sinai and Palestine Campaign]]s in the [[First World War]].

In April 1918, it was merged with elements of the [[9th (Secunderabad) Cavalry Brigade]] to form '''14th Cavalry Brigade'''. It remained in Palestine after the end of the war on occupation duties.

==Formation==
{{Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade}}
Under the terms of the [[Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907]] (7 Edw.7, c.9), the brigade was formed in 1908 as part of the [[Territorial Force]]. It consisted of three [[yeomanry]] regiments, a [[horse artillery]] [[Artillery battery|battery]] and ammunition column, a transport and supply column and a [[field ambulance]].<ref name=Westlake15>{{harvnb|Westlake|1992|p=15}}</ref>

As the name suggests, the units were drawn from [[Nottinghamshire]] and [[Derbyshire]].<ref name=Conrad>{{cite web|url = http://marksrussianmilitaryhistory.info/BRIT14.html|title = The British Army, 1914|last1 = Conrad|first1 = Mark|year = 1996|accessdate = 21 February 2013}}</ref>

==First World War==

===Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade===
The brigade was embodied on 4 August 1914 upon the outbreak of the [[First World War]]. Initially, it concentrated in [[Berkshire]],<ref name=Rinaldi59>{{harvnb|Rinaldi|2008|p=59}}</ref> and on 5 August 1914, the brigade joined the [[1st Mounted Division]]. On 2 September, it was transferred to the [[2nd Mounted Division]], and in mid November 1914, it moved with its division to [[Norfolk]] on coastal defence duties.<ref name=Rinaldi36>{{harvnb|Rinaldi|2008|p=36}}</ref>

====Egypt====
In April 1915, the 2nd Mounted Division moved to [[Egypt]] arriving at [[Alexandria]] between 19 and 21 April<ref name=WestlakeGal>{{harvnb|Westlake|1996|pp=252,272–274}}</ref> and was posted to [[Cairo]] by the middle of May.<ref name=Becke16>{{harvnb|Becke|1936|p=16}}</ref> In May 1915, the brigade was designated '''3rd (Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire) Mounted Brigade'''.<ref name=Becke14/>

It was dismounted in August 1915 and took part in the [[Gallipoli Campaign]].<ref name=James35>{{harvnb|James|1978|p=35}}</ref> Each regiment left a [[Squadron (army)|squadron]] [[Headquarters#Military|headquarters]] and two [[troop]]s (about 100 officers and men) in Egypt to look after the horses.<ref name=James34>{{harvnb|James|1978|p=34}}</ref>

====Gallipoli====
The brigade landed at [[Landing at Suvla Bay|Suvla Bay]] on the night of 17/18 August and moved into reserve positions at Lala Baba on the night of 20 August. On 21 August, it advanced to Chocolate Hill under heavy fire and took part on the right flank of the attack on Hill 112.<ref name=WestlakeGal/>

Due to losses during the [[Battle of Scimitar Hill]] and [[Wastage (military)|wastage]] during August 1915, the [[2nd Mounted Division]] had to be reorganized. On 4 September 1915, the [[2nd Composite Mounted Brigade]] was formed from the 3rd (Notts and Derby) and [[London Mounted Brigade|4th (London) Mounted Brigade]]s.<ref name=Becke17>{{harvnb|Becke|1936|p=17}}</ref> The brigade formed a battalion sized unit '''3rd Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Regiment'''.<ref name=Becke13>{{harvnb|Becke|1936|p=13}}</ref> The brigade embarked for [[Mudros]] on 2 November and returned to Egypt in December 1915 where it was reformed and remounted.<ref name=Becke17/>

===7th Mounted Brigade===
{| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; font-size: 85%; background:whitesmoke; color:black; width:25em; max-width: 50%;" cellspacing="5"
| style="text-align: left;" |
'''7th Mounted Brigade''' Organisation, January 1916<ref name=Becke13/>
*[[Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry]]
*[[South Nottinghamshire Hussars]]
*[[Derbyshire Yeomanry]]
*Notts and Derby Mounted Brigade Signal Troop
*Notts and Derby Mounted Brigade [[Field Ambulance]], [[Royal Army Medical Corps|RAMC]]
*Notts and Derby Mounted Brigade Veterinary Section
|}
The brigade left the 2nd Mounted Division on 18 and 19 January 1916. In February 1916, the brigade was sent to take part in the [[Macedonian front|Salonika Campaign]].<ref name=Becke14>{{harvnb|Becke|1936|p=14}}</ref> On 31 March 1916, the remaining Mounted Brigades were numbered in a single sequence. As a consequence, the Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade was redesignated as '''7th Mounted Brigade'''.<ref name=James36>{{harvnb|James|1978|p=36}}</ref>

The brigade arrived back in Egypt from Salonika on 29 June 1917,<ref name=Becke33/> less the Derbyshire Yeomanry which remained in Macedonia as GHQ Troops with the [[British Salonika Army]].<ref name=James17>{{harvnb|James|1978|p=17}}</ref> 20th Machine Gun Squadron then was formed on 4 July 1917 at [[Ismailia]] from the machine gun sections of the two regiments.<ref name=Unknown>{{harvnb|Unknown|1920}}</ref> The brigade served variously as Corps Troops with the [[Desert Mounted Corps]] and [[XXI Corps (United Kingdom)|XXI Corps]] and on attachment to the [[Yeomanry Mounted Division]].<ref name=Becke33>{{harvnb|Becke|1936|p=33}}</ref> [[Essex Royal Horse Artillery|Essex Battery, RHA]] joined from [[52nd (Lowland) Division]] on 17 September 1917<ref name=Becke33/> and was still assigned to the brigade when it joined the new [[5th Cavalry Division (British Indian Army)|2nd Mounted Division]].<ref name=Perry27/>

===14th Cavalry Brigade===
{| class="toccolours" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; font-size: 85%; background:whitesmoke; color:black; width:25em; max-width: 50%;" cellspacing="5"
| style="text-align: left;" |
'''14th Cavalry Brigade''' Organisation, September 1918<ref name=Perry26>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=26}}</ref>
*[[Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry]]
*[[20th Deccan Horse]]
*[[34th Prince Albert Victor's Own Poona Horse]]
*20th Machine Gun [[Squadron (army)|Squadron]]
*14th Cavalry Brigade Signal Troop
*14th Combined Cavalry [[Field Ambulance]], [[Royal Army Medical Corps|RAMC]]
*14th Mobile Veterinary Section
|}
In March 1918, the [[2nd Indian Cavalry Division]] was broken up in France. The Canadian ([[Canadian Cavalry Brigade]]) and British units (notably [[7th Dragoon Guards]], [[8th Hussars]] and [[N Battery, Royal Horse Artillery|N]] and [[X Battery, Royal Horse Artillery|X Batteries]] [[Royal Horse Artillery|RHA]]) remained in France and the Indian elements were sent to Egypt.<ref name=Perry20>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=20}}</ref>

By an [[Egyptian Expeditionary Force]] GHQ Order of 12 April 1918, the mounted troops of the EEF were reorganized when the Indian Army units arrived in [[Theater (warfare)|theatre]]. On 24 April 1918, the 2nd Mounted Division{{efn|Not to be confused with the original [[2nd Mounted Division]] that fought dismounted at Gallipoli.}} was formed<ref name=Perry28>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=28}}</ref> on the Indian Establishment,{{efn|[[British Indian Army]] standard whereby brigades only retained one British regiment or battalion and most support units were Indian (artillery excepted).}} and the 7th Mounted Brigade was assigned to it.<ref name=Perry27>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=27}}</ref>

On 24 April 1918, the 7th Mounted Brigade was merged with elements of the [[9th (Secunderabad) Cavalry Brigade]]:<ref name=Perry26/>
*the [[Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry]] remained with the brigade
*the [[South Nottinghamshire Hussars]]<ref name=James26>{{harvnb|James|1978|p=26}}</ref> left the brigade and was merged with the [[Warwickshire Yeomanry]]<ref name=James29>{{harvnb|James|1978|p=29}}</ref> (of [[5th Mounted Brigade]]) to form B Battalion, [[Machine Gun Corps]]. It was posted to France, arriving in June
*[[20th Deccan Horse]] joined from 9th (Secunderabad) Cavalry Brigade
*[[34th Prince Albert Victor's Own Poona Horse]] joined from 9th (Secunderabad) Cavalry Brigade
*20th Machine Gun Squadron remained with the brigade
*7th Mounted Brigade Signal Troop remained with the brigade
*in April, 7th Mounted Brigade Field Ambulance merged with Secunderabad Cavalry Field Ambulance to form 7th Combined Cavalry Field Ambulance
*in April, 7th Mounted Brigade Mobile Veterinary Section merged with Secunderabad Mobile Veterinary Section to form 7th Cavalry Mobile Veterinary Section
On 22 July 1918, the 2nd Mounted Division was renumbered as the [[5th Cavalry Division (British Indian Army)|5th Cavalry Division]] and the brigade as '''14th Cavalry Brigade'''. The sub units (Signal Troop, Combined Cavalry Field Ambulance and Mobile Veterinary Section) were renumbered on the same date.<ref name=Perry26/>

The brigade remained with 5th Cavalry Division for the rest of the war, taking part in the [[Battle of Abu Tellul|Affair of Abu Tellul]], [[Battle of Megiddo (1918)|Battle of Megiddo]], [[Capture of Damascus (1918)|Capture of Damascus]], and [[Battle of Aleppo (1918)|Occupation of Aleppo]].<ref name=Perry28/>

After the [[Armistice of Mudros]], the brigade remained with 5th Cavalry Division in Palestine as part of the occupation forces. However, demobilization began immediately and the brigade was broken up in September 1919.<ref name=Perry28/>

==Commanders==
The Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade<ref name=Becke1011>{{harvnb|Becke|1936|pp=10,11}}</ref> / 7th Mounted Brigade / 14th Cavalry Brigade<ref name=Perry25>{{harvnb|Perry|1993|p=25}}</ref> had the following commanders:
{| class="wikitable"
! From !! Rank !! Name
|-
| 1 April 1912 || [[Colonel]] || rowspan=2 | [[Paul Aloysius Kenna|P.A. Kenna]], [[Victoria Cross|VC]], [[Distinguished Service Order|DSO]]
|-
| 5 August 1914 || [[Brigadier-general]]
|-
| 20 August 1915 || Colonel || E.H. Cole (acting, wounded 21 August)
|-
| 21 August 1915 || [[Major (rank)|Major]] || [[Frederick Fitz Hugh Lance|F. Fitz H. Lance]] (acting)
|-
| 24 August 1915 || Brigadier-general || P.A. Kenna, VC, DSO (wounded 28 August, died of wounds 30 August)
|-
| 29 August 1915 || Major || F. Fitz H. Lance (acting)
|-
| 1 September 1915 || Brigadier-general || F. Fitz H. Lance (until 4 September 1915){{efn|Brigade was absorbed in [[2nd Composite Mounted Brigade]] 4 September to 1 December 1915.}}
|-
| 1 December 1915 || Brigadier-general || F. Fitz H. Lance
|-
| July 1917<ref name=BRT>{{harvnb|Davies|Maddocks|1995|pp=203–204}}</ref> || Brigadier-general || [[John Tyson Wigan|J.T. Wigan]], [[Order of St Michael and St George|CMG]], DSO<ref name=NZMR>{{cite web | url=http://www.nzmr.org/dmc_1917.html | title=Commanders of the Desert Mounted Corps | accessdate=3 January 2016 | publisher=NZMR Association }}</ref>
|-
| 6 December 1917 || Brigadier-general || [[Goland Vanhalt Clarke|G.V. Clarke]], DSO<ref name=NZMR/>
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|United Kingdom}}
* [[2/1st Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Mounted Brigade]] for the 2nd Line formation
* [[British yeomanry during the First World War]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book
| last = Becke | first = Major A.F.
| year = 1936
| title = Order of Battle of Divisions Part 2A. The Territorial Force Mounted Divisions and the 1st-Line Territorial Force Divisions (42–56)
| publisher = His Majesty's Stationery Office
| location = London
| isbn = 1-871167-12-4
}}
*{{cite book
| first1=Frank | last1=Davies
| first2=Graham | last2=Maddocks
| title=Bloody Red Tabs
| year=1995
| publisher=Leo Cooper
| location=
| isbn = 0-85052-463-6
}}
* {{cite book
| last = James | first = Brigadier E.A.
| year = 1978
| title = British Regiments 1914–18
| publisher = Samson Books Limited
| location = London
| isbn = 0-906304-03-2
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Perry | first = F.W.
| year = 1993
| title = Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5B. Indian Army Divisions
| publisher = Ray Westlake Military Books
| location = Newport
| isbn = 1-871167-23-X
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Rinaldi | first = Richard A
| year = 2008
| title = Order of Battle of the British Army 1914
| publisher = Ravi Rikhye
| isbn = 978-0-97760728-0
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Unknown | first =
| year = 1920
| title = Through Palestine with the 20th Machine Gun Squadron
| publisher = J.M. Baxter & Co. (Printed and Published for private circulation)
| location = London
| isbn =
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Westlake | first = Ray
| year = 1992
| title = British Territorial Units 1914–18
| publisher = Osprey Publishing
| isbn = 978-1-85532-168-7
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Westlake | first = Ray
| year = 1996
| title = British Regiments at Gallipoli
| publisher = Leo Cooper
| location = Barnsley
| isbn = 0-85052-511-X
}}

[[Category:Brigades of India in World War I|CB14]]
[[Category:Cavalry brigades of the British Indian Army]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1908]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1919]]
[[Category:1908 establishments in India]]

Ram Chatur Mallick

2025-07-31T15:09:47Z

Narayanacancercentre: made a info nd citations - done

{{Short description|Indian classical musician (1902–1990)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Ram Chatur Mallick
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth-date|5 October 1902}}
| birth_place = Amta, [[Darbhanga, Bihar]], India
| death_date = {{d-da|11 January 1990|5 October 1902}}
| death_place = Patna Medical College and Hospital, [[Patna, Bihar]], India
| restingplace = Amta, Darbhanga, Bihar, India
| restingplacecoordinates =
| othername =
| occupation = Landlord & Indian Classical musician
| yearsactive =
| known for = [[Hindustani music]], [[Dhrupad]]
| spouse =
| children = Late Ramji Mallick
| parents = Late Rajit Ram Singh Mallick
| website =
| awards = [[Padma Shri, Tansen Award, Surmani, Doctor of Letters, Sangeet Natak Academy Award, Indira Gandhi Sangeet Peeth Award]]
}}

'''Pandit Ram Chatur Mallick''' (1902–1990) was an Indian classical musician and an exponent and founder to the outside world of the [[Darbhanga]] [[gharana]] of the [[Dhrupad]] tradition, one of the oldest genres of [[Hindustani music|Hindustani vocal music]].<ref name="Dhrupad Music">{{cite web | url=http://www.dhrupadmusic.org/darbhanga.html | title=Dhrupad Music | publisher=Dhrupad Music | date=2015 | access-date=20 May 2015}}</ref> Known to be the last main court musician at the court of The Darbhanga Royals, following his immediate & direct ancestors from the last 14 generations and one of the closest to the King of the Dharbanga Maharaja Sir Kameshwar Singh, he also was the closest ADC to his highness and responsible for all music related activities on behalf of the King and King's brother, he was a member of the ''Mallick family'' of singers.<ref name="Last FM">{{cite web | url=http://www.last.fm/music/Ram+Chatur+Mallik/+wiki | title=Last FM | publisher=Last FM | date=2015 | access-date=20 May 2015}}</ref> He was honoured by the [[Government of India]] in 1970 with [[Padma Shri]], the fourth highest Indian civilian award.<ref name="Padma Shri">{{cite web | url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf | title=Padma Shri | publisher=Padma Shri | date=2015 | access-date=11 November 2014 | archive-date=15 October 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Biography==
Pandit Ramchatur Mallick was born at Amta village, a small hamlet in [[Darbhanga district]] in the northern part of the Indian state of [[Bihar]] in 1902.<ref name="Last FM" /> His was a family of musicians in the Karta Ram lineage,<ref name="ITCSRA">{{cite web | url=http://www.itcsra.org/aspfiles/personwindow.asp?personid=217 | title=ITCSRA | publisher=ITCSRA | date=2015 | access-date=20 May 2015}}</ref> known as the Mallick family of [[Dhrupad]] musicians who were court musicians at the Darbhanga court.<ref name="Last FM" /> His father, Rajit Ram, was a known singer and a great poet-writer based upon ancient Vedic scripts who created thousands of hymns to be sung as Dhrupad and was credited with the creation of Raga Vinod, Rajit Ram's hand written vedic hymes all consolidated in the book named "Bhakt Vinod" is still kept by his current descendants.<ref name="All Music review">{{cite web | url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/king-of-dhrupad-ram-chatur-mallik-in-concert-mw0001882196 | title=All Music review | publisher=All Music | date=2015 | access-date=20 May 2015}}</ref> He inherited the skills from the legacy traditional routine of his family and from his father and later trained under Kshitipal Mallick, a renowned musician of those days.<ref name="Last FM" /> and later under Rameshwar Pathak who is known to be the greatest ever Sitar practitioner.<ref name="Parrikar">{{cite web | url=http://www.parrikar.org/vpl/?page_id=534 | title=Parrikar | publisher=Parrikar | date=2015 | access-date=20 May 2015}}</ref> After becoming a court musician at the Darbhanga court of Maharaja Kameshwar Singh, he traveled around the world as a performer and as a companion of Raja Bahadur Bishweshwar Singh, the king's younger brother. During his voyages around the world and old India before partition of 1947 he was also hugely acknowledged by many princely states of India like Patiala, Jaipur, Kashmir etc... and hugely appreciated by many of the contemporary music practitioners of his time like Ustad Salamat Ali Khan,
Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, Ustad Amir Khan etc...<ref name="Last FM" /> He served the court till 1947 when India became independent.<ref name="Last FM" /><ref name="ITCSRA" /><ref name="All Music review" />

Mallick Ji was known to be adept at [[Khyal]] and [[Thumri]], along with his chosen genre of [[Dhrupad]] and was associated with the leading singers of his time such as [[Ustad Amir Khan]] and [[Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan]].<ref name="Last FM" /> He followed the Darbhanga gharana of Dhrupad<ref name="Parrikar" /> and his virtuosity in the Dhrupad was reported to have earned him the moniker, ''Dhrupad Samrat''.<ref name="Last FM" /> The [[Government of India]] honoured him with the civilian award of [[Padma Shri]] in 1970.<ref name="Padma Shri" /> He was active till his death on 11 January 1990.<ref name="ITCSRA" /><ref name="Parrikar" /> His concerts have been brought out in CD format under the name, Masters Of Raga: ''The King of Dhrupad - Ram Chatur Mallick In Concert'', by Weltm.<ref name="Masters Of Raga: The King of Dhrupad / Ram Chatur Mallick In Concert">{{cite web | url=https://www.amazon.com/Masters-Of-Raga-Dhrupad-Concert/dp/B00000JO59 | title=Masters Of Raga: The King of Dhrupad / Ram Chatur Mallik In Concert | publisher=Weltm | work=Audio CD | date=1994 | access-date=20 May 2015 | asin=B00000JO59}}</ref>

Mallick Ji also was the only artist ever to be gifted "The Top Grade" from All India Radio without audition, All India Radio awards grades to artists of different cadres based upon multiple level of auditions but Mallick Ji received this as a gift from All India Radio. He remained one of the chief selectors for All India Radio, Delhi for the Top Grade panel until he lived.

Mallick Ji also was awarded the "Tansen Award" the first when this award was started by the Madhya Pradesh Government.

The highest award given in the field of Music by the Bihar government is named after him "Pandit Ram Chatur Mallick Sangeet Award".

Mallick Ji is survived by his daughter in law Ms. Kusum Devi (who is the wife of his only child & son Late Ramji Mallick) along with his 2 grandsons (Arun Kumar Mallick & Vijay Kumar Mallick) & 2 grand daughters (Kamini & Rita).

==See also==
* [[Dhrupad]]
* [[Hindustani music]]
{{portal|India|Music}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|id=0223525}}
* {{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVKra5ySKf4 | title=Ram Chatur Mallick - Raag Deepak | publisher=[[YouTube]] | work=Video | date=16 June 2013 | access-date=20 May 2015}}
* {{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lvpj_wx5xcA | title=Ram Chatur Mallik - Dhrupad - Raga Vinod In Concert 1982 | publisher=[[YouTube]] | work=Video | date=16 March 2013 | access-date=20 May 2015}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mallick, Ram Chatur}}
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]
[[Category:1902 births]]
[[Category:1990 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Darbhanga district]]
[[Category:Singers from Bihar]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male classical singers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]]

National Highway 69 (India, old numbering)

2025-07-29T20:04:34Z

Narayanacancercentre: redirect

#REDIRECT [[National Highway 47 (India)]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R with history}}
}}

Tiruppukal

2025-06-13T16:03:55Z

Narayanacancercentre: created new stub...

{{Short description|Anthology of Tamil religious songs}}
{{Italic title}}{{multiple issues|
{{More footnotes|date=July 2020}}
{{More citations needed|date=May 2009}}}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}
{{wikisource|ta:திருப்புகழ்}}
{{Kaumaram|Other temple-Kundrakudi
}}{{Hindu scriptures and texts|state=autocollapse}}
The '''''Tiruppugal''''' ([[Tamil language|Tamil]]: {{lang|ta|திருப்புகழ்}}, ''Thiruppugazh'', [[Help:IPA/Tamil|IPA/Tamil]]: {{IPA|ta|tiɾupːuɡaɻ|}}, meaning 'Holy Praise' or 'Divine Glory'),<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bergunder |first1=Michael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OcEM2IsnA1AC&pg=PA107 |title=Ritual, Caste, and Religion in Colonial South India |last2=Frese |first2=Heiko |last3=Schröder |first3=Ulrike |date=2011 |publisher=Primus Books |isbn=978-93-80607-21-4 |pages=107}}</ref> sometimes spelled '''''Thiruppugazh''''', is a 14th-century [[anthology]] of Tamil religious songs dedicated to [[Murugan]] (Kartikeya), the son of [[Shiva]], written by the poet-saint [[Arunagirinathar]] (Tamil: {{lang|ta|அருணகிரிநாதர்}}, ''{{transliteration|ta|ISO|Aruṇakirinātar}}'', {{IPA|ta|aɾuɳaɡiɾɯn̪aːdaɾ|}}).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Raman |first=Srilata |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ocx0EAAAQBAJ&dq=Tiruppuka%E1%B8%BB&pg=PT30 |title=The Transformation of Tamil Religion: Ramalinga Swamigal (1823–1874) and Modern Dravidian Sainthood |date=2022-04-26 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-74473-3 |pages=30}}</ref> The anthology is considered one of the central works of medieval [[Tamil literature]], both for its poetical and musical qualities, and for its religious, moral and philosophical content.

[[File:Thiruppugazh - Umbartharu - Hamsadhwani.wav|thumb|Tiruppukal - Umbartharu]]

==Description==
There are no historical records of the life of Arunagirinathar, and what we know of the composition of the Thiruppugazh is largely derived from oral traditions and legends recorded in commentaries on the work. According to these, Arunagirinathar led a hedonistic life as a young man. His disgust at his own conduct led him to attempt suicide by jumping off the temple tower at [[Tiruvannamalai]]. He was saved by Murugan himself.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Clothey |first=Fred W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uRxAOJWnyEwC&pg=PA202 |title=Ritualizing on the Boundaries: Continuity and Innovation in the Tamil Diaspora |date=2006 |publisher=Univ of South Carolina Press |isbn=978-1-57003-647-7 |pages=202}}</ref> Arunagirinathar was transformed, and began a long pilgrimage, visiting the ''Arupadai Veedu ([[Six Abodes of Murugan]])'', the six temples most sacred to Murugan, and over 200 other holy shrines in [[India]] and [[Sri Lanka]]. At each of these, he composed songs in praise of Murugan, which are collected together in the Thiruppugazh.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Francis |first1=Emmanuel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fOGWdTuYh88C&q=Tiruppukal+six+abodes |title=The Archaeology of Bhakti II: Royal Bhakti, Local Bhakti |last2=Schmid |first2=Charlotte |date=2016 |publisher=Institut français de Pondichéry |isbn=978-2-85539-221-9 |pages=503}}</ref> The majority of the songs are sung to Murugan, but there are also a few songs that sing of deeds of [[Shiva]] or the [[avatar]]s of [[Vishnu]], and of the power of [[Parvati]]. Almost all songs end addressing Murugan as [[Perumal]], a term that traditionally had strong associations with Tamil [[Vaishnavism]]. However the literal meaning in Tamil of the word Perumal is "Great God" or "Great Man".

The worship of Murugan has strong roots in [[Tamil Nadu]]. According to Tamil legends, Murugan was the brave warrior who defeated the powerful demon [[Soorapadman|Surapadman]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dalal |first=Roshen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zrk0AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT1190 |title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide |date=2014-04-18 |publisher=Penguin UK |isbn=978-81-8475-277-9 |pages=1190}}</ref> and was seen as being the epitome of youth, compassion and beauty. Arunagirinathar's songs build on this tradition, hailing Murugan as the source of all knowledge, who even gave saintly advice to his father, Shiva. Murugan is described as being full of love and compassion. Arunagirinathar says in the Thiruppugazh the songs will, by the grace of Murugan, convey the pearls of devotion and wisdom.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wzdtAAAAMAAJ |title=Journal of the Institute of Asian Studies |date=1984 |publisher=Institute of Asian Studies |pages=176}}</ref> The songs contain philosophical musings on God, expressed in simple terms, placing particular emphasis on the role of God's grace or mercy in helping the individual deal with the troubles and ills that afflict humanity. The songs also deal with issues of morality and living a virtuous life on Earth, with many exhorting people to seek true happiness in God.

== Genre ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=July 2020}}
Early medieval Tamil religious poems were written in a language and style that followed the pattern of [[Sangam literature|classical Tamil literature]]. The ''Thiruppugazh'', in contrast, was written in a form of Tamil that was quite different from pure classical Tamil. Its [[Meter (poetry)|metres]], too, are more obviously rhythmical than the stylised classical metres{{citation needed|date=May 2013}}.

The Thiruppugazh makes extensive and deliberate use of the imagery associated with the [[Sangam landscape|five landscapes]] of classical ''akam'' poetry. The usage is not, however, straightforward. Whereas ''akam'' poetry uses the imagery in the context of secular, sensuous love, the Thiruppugazh uses the same imagery in the context of the longing of the individual for God. The imagery used in the following verse is illustrative of this usage:

::''I do not wish to dwell in this illusory body, built of the sky, water, earth, air, fire and desires. Enlighten me, that I may praise the glory of your holy name in the wise, beautiful Tamil tongue, O Lord of the celestial heavens who protects the Kurava woman of the sweet, child-like words who wields the spear which destroyed the majestic hill and wears a garland of scarlet flowers where bees dance seeking honey.'' (Song 1304)

The reference to [[Narikurava|Kuravas]] and hills, and the imagery of the bees making honey from scarlet {{transliteration|ta|ceccai}} flowers, are characteristic of the {{transliteration|ta|kuriñci}} landscape. In secular poetry, the image of bees entering flowers symbolises the clandestine union of lovers, and the backdrop of the hills calls to mind the raw forces of nature. The union which Arunagirinathar uses this to symbolise, however, is that of the soul with God, and the imagery specifically calls to mind the legend of Murugan's wooing of [[Valli]], the daughter of a Kurava chief. This appropriation of secular imagery to religious purposes is characteristic of the ''Thiruppugazh'': just as it call people to turn from hedonistic pleasures to a life centred on God, it turns the language formerly used to celebrate carnal love to celebrate God. This was popularised by the Hindu [[Sadhu]] [[Vallimalai]] Shri Sachchidananda Swamigal.

"Born in the [[Madras Presidency]] in the mid-1800s, Vadakkupattu Subramaniya Pillai served as a district judge. On one occasion, while traveling to [[Chidambaram]], he was captivated by the singing of Arunagirinathar's Tiruppugal hymns. This inspired him to undertake the task of compiling the Tiruppugal songs. To accomplish this, he traveled throughout South India in 1871, collecting manuscripts and handwritten copies, and published Arunagirinathar's songs in two volumes. These were released as the first edition in 1894 and the second edition in 1901.

After the passing of Vadakkupattu Subramaniya Pillai, his son, V.S. Chengalvaraya Pillai, continued his work. He dedicated himself to writing a comprehensive commentary on the Tiruppugal, complete with research notes. He devoted seven years, from 1950 to 1958, to this task and published the resulting books."

This was also composed in a simple [[Bhajan]] tune with no influence from [[Carnatic music]] by [[Karaikudi]] S.P. Meyyapan.{{citation needed|date=March 2025}}

==See also==
*[[Muruga]]n
*[[Six Abodes of Lord Muruga|Six Abodes of Murugan]]
*[[Valli]]
*[[Deivayanai|Devasena]]
*[[Arunagirinathar]]

==References==
<references />

==External links==
* [http://www.tamil.net/projectmadurai/pub/pm0191/trpkz4.pdf Full text of the anthology] (''[[pdf]]'') from [[Project Madurai]]
* [http://www.kaumaram.com/thiru/index.html Thiruppugazh in Tamil and English with meaning] from Kaumaram website.

{{Hindu deities and texts|state=autocollapse}}
{{Tamil_language}}

[[Category:Tamil-language literature]]
[[Category:Kaumaram]]
[[Category:Tamil Hindu literature]]
[[Category:Tamil music]]

Shankar, Punjab

2025-05-19T12:30:44Z

Narayanacancercentre:

{{short description|Village in Punjab, India}}
{{use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}
{{use Indian English|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Shankar
| native_name = Shankar
| native_name_lang = pa
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Punjab#India
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India
| coordinates = {{coord|31.1467669|N|75.520749|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jalandhar district|Jalandhar]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder = not known
| named_for =
| parts_type = [[Taluka]]s
| parts = [[Nakodar]]
| government_type = [[Panchayati raj (India)]]
| governing_body = [[Gram panchayat]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Gurmukhi|Punjabi]]
| demographics1_title2 = Regional
| demographics1_info2 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 144042
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 01821
| registration_plate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Nakodar]]
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Shankar''' is a village in the [[Nakodar]] [[tehsil]] of [[Jalandhar district]] in [[Punjab, India]].<ref name="ti">{{cite news | url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20080905/jal.htm | title=One dead, 21 hurt as bus overturns | date=5 September 2008 | newspaper=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] | access-date=11 July 2012}}</ref><ref name="ti2">{{cite news | url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2012/20120526/jaltrib.htm | title=One held with 10 gm heroin | date=26 May 2012 | newspaper=The Tribune | access-date=11 July 2012}}</ref><ref name="census2011">{{Cite web|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/29947-shankar-punjab.html|title=Shankar Village Population - Nakodar - Jalandhar, Punjab|website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref>

==Demographics==
According to the 2011 Census of India, Shankar village had 1,186 households and a total population of 5,639, of which 2,900 were male and 2,739 were female.<ref name="census2011"/> Children aged 0–6 numbered 538 (9.54 % of the total population), with a child sex ratio of 842 girls per 1,000 boys, lower than the Punjab state average of 846.

The overall sex ratio of Shankar was 944 females per 1,000 males, higher than the state average of 895.<ref name="census2011"/> The village’s literacy rate stood at 83.00 %, exceeding the Punjab average of 75.84 %; male literacy was 87.27 %, while female literacy was 78.54 %.<ref name="census2011"/>

==Notable persons==
* [[Swaran Singh]] is India's longest-serving union cabinet minister.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{jalandhar district}}

[[Category:Villages in Jalandhar district]]
[[Category:Villages in Nakodar tehsil]]

{{Jalandhar-geo-stub}}

Indira Devi (actress)

2025-04-03T19:39:18Z

Narayanacancercentre: refined layout additionally and cleaned formatting

{{Short description|Indian actress}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
'''Indira Devi''', born '''Effie Hippolet''', was an actress of early silent [[Indian cinema]].<ref name="Ganti2004">{{cite book |author=Tejaswini Ganti |title=Bollywood: A Guidebook to Popular Hindi Cinema |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=67mAAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA230 |date=2 August 2004 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-134-44222-5 |page=230}}</ref><ref name="Goyal2014">{{cite book |author=Omita Goyal |title=Interrogating Women's Leadership and Empowerment |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZxlBDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT151 |date=10 December 2014 |publisher=SAGE Publishing India |isbn=978-93-5150-471-9 |page=151}}</ref>

==Career==
Indira Devi was born from [[Calcutta]]'s [[Anglo-Indian]] community.<ref name="Chaudhuri1990">{{cite book |author=Sukanta Chaudhuri |title=Calcutta, the Living City: The present and future |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cGduAAAAMAAJ |year=1990 |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=294 |isbn=9780195625868}}</ref> She was a leading actress in early silent films for the Indian cinema. She paused her career in the early 1930s after her marriage. She played the lead role opposite [[Prithviraj Kapoor]] in ''Sher-e-Arab'' / ''Arabian Knights'' (1930). She returned to films in 1935.

==Selected filmography==
* ''Milaap'' (1937)
* ''Wamaq Azra''/''Sacchi Mohabbat'' (1935)
* ''Sher-e-Arab'' / ''Arabian Knights'' (1930)
* ''Vaman Avatar'' (1930)
* ''Ganesh Janam'' (1930)
* ''Rajsinha'' (1930)
* ''Kapal Kundala'' (1929)
* ''Jana'' (1927)
* ''Durgesh Nandini'' (1927)
* ''Punarjanma'' (1927)
* ''Jaydev'' (1926)

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|0222451}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Devi, Indira}}
[[Category:Indian silent film actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses from Kolkata]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Anglo-Indian people]]
[[Category:Date of birth missing]]
[[Category:Date of death missing]]

{{India-film-actor-stub}}

Mihira

2024-12-18T13:27:47Z

Narayanacancercentre: Made first post w/ refs...

{{wikt|मिहिर}}
'''Mihira''' is an ancient Indian word meaning "Sun". It may refer to:

* [[Mitra (Vedic)|Mithra]], the Indo-Iranian sun god
* [[Varahamihira]], ancient Indian astronomer
* [[Mihirakula]], a Huna king
* [[Mihira Bhoja]], a 9th-century ruler of the Pratihara dynasty

==See also==
*[[Mehran (disambiguation)]]
*[[Mithra (disambiguation)]]
*[[Mitra (disambiguation)]]
*[[Mehr (disambiguation)]]
*[[Meher (disambiguation)]]
*[[Mehar (disambiguation)]]
*[[Mihir]], an Indian male given name

{{disambiguation}}

Dhakori

2024-08-28T02:10:33Z

Narayanacancercentre: added a post

{{orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Short description|Village in Maharashtra}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Dhakori
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra#India
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maharashtra, India
| coordinates = {{coord|19.827690|N|78.997020|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of India|Region]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Vidharba]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Yavatmal district|Yavatmal]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[Talukas of Maharashtra|Tahsil]]
| subdivision_name4 =[[Wani, Yavatmal|Wani]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Gram panchayat|Gram Panchayat]]
| governing_body = Dhakori Grampanchayat
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 212
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 445307
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = +917184 ******
| registration_plate = MH-29
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Wani, Yavatmal|Wani]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Chandrapur Lok Sabha constituency]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Wani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]]
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Dhakori''' is a village in the [[Wani, Yavatmal|Wani]] tahsil of [[Yavatmal district|Yavatmal District]] of [[Maharashtra]] state in [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACC's water project transforms Dhakori village's agriculture; Lift Irrigation Scheme positively impacts over 100 acres of arable land |url=https://thecsruniverse.com/articles/acc-s-water-project-transforms-dhakori-village-s-agriculture-lift-irrigation-scheme-positively-impacts-over-100-acres-of-arable-land |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=The CSR Universe |language=en}}</ref> The village is characterized by its rural setting and primarily agricultural economy. The village's population is engaged mainly in farming and related agricultural activities, which form the backbone of its local economy. The village is 2km north of the [[Painganga River]] on Wani-Korpana road.

According to the [[2011 census of India]], it has a population of 857 of which 427 are males while 430 are females.<ref name='Census of Dhakori Village'>{{cite web | title=Dhakori Village Population - Wani - Yavatmal, Maharashtra | website=census2011.co.in | url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/544090-dhakori-maharashtra.html}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Yavatmal district]]

{{Maharashtra-geo-stub}}