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North Bengal division

2026-05-07T12:31:57Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: put up a page more to come

{{refimprove|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = North Bengal
| native_name = উত্তরবঙ্গ
| native_name_lang = bn
| settlement_type = Geographical region
| image_skyline = Darjeeling War Memorial at Batasia.jpg
| image_caption = Darjeeling War Memorial, [[Batasia Loop]], [[Darjeeling]]
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|26.5|N|88.5|E|region:IN-WB_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = Divisions
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jalpaiguri division|Jalpaiguri]], [[Malda division|Malda]]
| established_title =
| established_date =
| government_type = Regional administration
| governing_body =
| area_total_km2 = 26,282
| area_note = Comprises Darjeeling hills and Dooars plains
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 17211010
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = North Bengali
| demographics_type1 = Religion
| demographics1_title1 = Major religions
| timezone1 = IST
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = Varies by district
| area_code = Varies by district
| area_code_type = Area code
| website =
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hinduism]], [[Islam]]
}}
'''North Bengal''' is a geographical region consisting of eight districts in the northern part of [[West Bengal]]. To the north of this region are [[Sikkim]] and [[Bhutan]]; to the east are [[Assam]] and the [[Rangpur Division|Rangpur]] and [[Rajshahi Division|Rajshahi]] divisions of [[Bangladesh]]; to the south is the [[Murshidabad district]] of [[West Bengal]]; and to the west are [[Bihar]] and [[Nepal]]. The [[Ganges|Ganges River]] separates North Bengal from [[South Bengal]].

Geographically, this region is made up of the [[Darjeeling Himalayan hill region|Darjeeling hills]] and the [[Dooars]] plains. Economically, North Bengal is backward compared to South Bengal. However, due to its scenic natural environment, the tourism industry in this region is very well developed. [[Siliguri]] is the main city of North Bengal; it is the third most populous city in West Bengal and also the gateway to the entire northeastern region of India.

== Geography ==
[[File:Overlooking the confluence of Teesta River and Rangeet River from Lover's Point, West Bengal.jpg|thumb|240x240px|The [[Teesta River]] flows southward and the [[Rangeet River|Rangit River]] joins the Teesta from the west]]
Geographically, North Bengal is formed by the Darjeeling hills and the Dooars plains. The Darjeeling hilly region consists of the [[Darjeeling Sadar subdivision|Darjeeling Sadar]], [[Kurseong]], and [[Mirik subdivision|Mirik subdivisions]] of [[Darjeeling district]], and the entire [[Kalimpong district]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Roy |first1=Nirmal Chandra |title=Human Resource Management in the Indian Tea Industry |last2=Biswas |first2=Debasish |date=2021-01-29 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-003-13333-9 |page= |doi=10.4324/9781003133339}}</ref> [[Sandakphu]] in this region is the highest peak in West Bengal. The Dooars plain region is formed by the plains of [[Alipurduar]], [[Cooch Behar district|Cooch Behar]], [[Jalpaiguri district|Jalpaiguri]], and the plain areas of Darjeeling. The narrow strip of land in North Bengal called the Siliguri Corridor connects [[Northeast India]] with the mainland of [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Mayank |date=2021-11-07 |title=Army steps up efforts to safeguard Siliguri Corridor |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/2021/nov/07/army-steps-up-efforts-to-safeguard-siliguri-corridor-2380383.html |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-18 |title=What if China wrings India's 'Chicken's Neck' – the Siliguri corridor? Here are some countermeasures – USI |url=https://usiofindia.org/publication/news/what-if-china-wrings-indias-chickens-neck-the-siliguri-corridor-here-are-some-countermeasures/ |access-date=2025-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118182536/https://usiofindia.org/publication/news/what-if-china-wrings-indias-chickens-neck-the-siliguri-corridor-here-are-some-countermeasures/ |archive-date=18 January 2022 }}</ref> Additionally, the [[Tin Bigha Corridor]] leased to [[Bangladesh]] connects [[Dahagram–Angarpota|Dahagram]] with the mainland of Bangladesh. The main rivers of North Bengal are the [[Teesta River|Teesta]], [[Torsa River|Torsha]], [[Jaldhaka River|Jaldhaka]], [[Raidāk River|Raidak]], [[Mahananda River|Mahananda]], etc.

== Biodiversity ==
The [[vegetation]] of North Bengal depends on altitude and the amount of rainfall. For example, the Duars region is full of sal and other tropical evergreen plants. On the other hand, at elevations above 1000 meters, most forest plants are subtropical. At 1500 meters altitude, the Darjeeling hills are dominated by various temperate plants like [[oak]], [[conifer]], and [[rhododendron]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=webindia123.com-West Bengal-land of West Bengal-natural vegitation of west bengal-forests in west bengal |url=https://www.webindia123.com/westbengal/land/forest.htm#N |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=Webindia123.com |language=en}}</ref>

Among the national parks of North Bengal, the notable ones are [[Gorumara National Park]], [[Jaldapara National Park]], [[Buxa Tiger Reserve|Buxa National Park]], [[Singalila National Park]], and [[Neora Valley National Park]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-09-13 |title=The Telegraph - Calcutta (Kolkata) {{!}} North Bengal & Sikkim {{!}} Centre s… |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100410/jsp/siliguri/story_12323738.jsp |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=archive.ph |archive-date=2012-09-13 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120913202925/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100410/jsp/siliguri/story_12323738.jsp |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ghosh |first1=Chandra |last2=Ghatak |first2=Sumita |last3=Biswas |first3=Kishor |last4=Das |first4=A. P. |date=2021-03-01 |title=Status of tree diversity of the Jaldapara National Park in West Bengal, India |journal=Trees, Forests and People |volume=3 |article-number=100061 |doi=10.1016/j.tfp.2020.100061 |bibcode=2021TFP.....300061G |issn=2666-7193|doi-access=free }}</ref> Among these, Gorumara and Jaldapara are famous for the one-horned rhinoceros. Neora Valley National Park, located in [[Kalimpong district]], is one of the richest biological zones in Eastern India.<ref>{{Cite web |last=north-bengal.com |title=Neora Valley National Park |url=https://www.north-bengal.com/neora-valley-kalimpong.php |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=north-bengal.com |language=english}}</ref>

== Administration ==
North Bengal consists of the entire [[Jalpaiguri division]] and the [[Malda division]], excluding [[Murshidabad district]]. The districts included in North Bengal are [[Alipurduar]], [[Uttar Dinajpur district|Uttar Dinajpur]], [[Kalimpong district|Kalimpong]], [[Cooch Behar district|Cooch Behar]], [[Jalpaiguri district|Jalpaiguri]], [[Dakshin Dinajpur district|Dakshin Dinajpur]], [[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling]], and [[Malda district|Malda]].

The North Bengal Development Department of the [[Government of West Bengal]] is responsible for the administration of the districts of North Bengal. Besides, in the hilly areas of Darjeeling and Kalimpong districts, there exists a self-governing body called the Gorkhaland Territorial Administration.

== Demographics ==
[[File:Gorumara National Park Panorama.JPG|thumb|Gorumara National Park]]
[[File:Darjeeling Toy Train at Batasia Loop.jpg|thumb|Darjeeling Toy Train on [[Batasia Loop]]]]
According to the 2011 census, the population of North Bengal is 17,211,010. [[Hinduism]] and [[Islam]] are the major religions in this region.

== Transport ==

=== Rail ===
North Bengal is connected to various cities of India by rail. The New Jalpaiguri Junction railway station in North Bengal is an important station under the Northeast Frontier Railway. Some of the major broad-gauge rail services of North Bengal include the Darjeeling Mail, [[Uttar Banga Express]], Howrah–New Jalpaiguri Shatabdi Express, Howrah–New Jalpaiguri [[Vande Bharat Express]], and the international Mitali Express. Besides these, the narrow-gauge [[Darjeeling Himalayan Railway]] (Toy Train) is one of the major attractions for tourists in North Bengal.

=== Bus ===
The North Bengal State Transport Corporation provides bus services in North Bengal. Its headquarters is in Cooch Behar, and the corporation has bus depots in various towns of North Bengal. Apart from North Bengal, this corporation also operates bus services in other parts of West Bengal and even in some neighboring states.

== Tourism ==
There are many tourist spots in North Bengal, among which Darjeeling, Jaldapara, Gorumara, Buxa, Cooch Behar, and Malda are notable.

== Proposal for separate states ==

=== Gorkhaland ===
{{Main article|Gorkhaland movement}}
[[Gorkhaland movement|Gorkhaland]] is a proposed state in India, which has long been demanded on the basis of ethnic-linguistic rights by the Indian [[Gurkha|Gorkha]] community of the Darjeeling Hills and Dooars in West Bengal.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Debnath |first=Sailen |title=The Dooars in historical transition |date=2010 |publisher=N. L. Publ |isbn=978-81-86860-44-1 |edition=1st |location=[[Siliguri]], [[West Bengal]]}}</ref> The Gorkhaland movement gained momentum due to ethnic, linguistic, and cultural sentiments among those who feel comfortable identifying themselves as Indian Gorkhas. Two major movements for Gorkhaland have taken place under the Gorkha National Liberation Front (1986–1988) and the Gorkha Janmukti Morcha (2007–present).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Why Gorkhaland {{!}} PDF {{!}} Politics {{!}} Social Science |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/19348501/Why-Gorkhaland |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=Scribd |language=en}}</ref>

=== Kamtapur ===
The demand for the creation of a [[Kamtapur]] state in North Bengal has mainly been led by the [[Kamtapur Liberation Organisation|Kamtapur Liberation Organization]] (KLO).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-04 |title=The Telegraph - Calcutta (Kolkata) {{!}} North Bengal & Sikkim {{!}} Factions merge for Kamtapur fight |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1101014/jsp/siliguri/story_13055491.jsp |access-date=2025-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094813/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1101014/jsp/siliguri/story_13055491.jsp |archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> The proposed state includes the plains of Cooch Behar, Jalpaiguri, and Darjeeling in West Bengal, and the districts of Goalpara, Dhubri, South Salmara, Bongaigaon, and Kamrup in Assam.

=== North Bengal state ===
In 2021, [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) legislator [[John Barla]] proposed a separate North Bengal state or union territory, separated from West Bengal. BJP legislators [[Jayanta Kumar Roy]], [[Anandamoy Barman|Anandamay Barman]], and [[Sikha Chatterjee|Shikha Chattopadhyay]] supported the proposal.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-06-16 |title=Two BJP MPs demand North Bengal UT, Mamata Banerjee says won't allow to divide state |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/two-bjp-mps-demand-north-bengal-ut-mamata-banerjee-says-won-t-allow-to-divide-state-1815595-2021-06-16 |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-27 |title=After North Bengal UT, BJP MLA Revives Gorkhaland Demand In Darjeeling |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/national/india-news-after-north-bengal-ut-bjp-mla-revives-gorkhaland-demand-in-darjeeling-news-386334 |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=Outlook India |language=en}}</ref> At that time, out of 54 MLAs in North Bengal, 30 were from the BJP.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-28 |title=Why BJP MPs want a separate state in North Bengal |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/why-bjp-mps-want-a-separate-state-in-north-bengal-1820386-2021-06-28 |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

However, the West Bengal unit of the BJP distanced itself from this separate state proposal.<ref name=":0" /> West Bengal Pradesh [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] president [[Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury]] claimed that it was a conspiracy to separate the Muslim-majority region of the state and alleged the involvement of the [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] behind it.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranjan |first=Abhinav |date=2021-06-23 |title=Demand for dividing Bengal part of larger conspiracy of BJP, says Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/demand-for-dividing-bengal-part-of-larger-conspiracy-of-bjp-says-adhir-ranjan-chowdhury-713907 |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=www.indiatvnews.com |language=en}}</ref> A [[Trinamool Congress]] leader filed a complaint against John Barla for demanding a separate state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trinamool Leader Lodges Complaint Against BJP MPs For Demanding Separate Statehood |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/tmc-leader-lodges-complaint-against-bjp-mps-for-demanding-separate-statehood-2469908 |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=www.ndtv.com |language=en}}</ref>

Various communities in North Bengal—such as [[Bengalis]], [[Nepalis]], [[Adivasi|Adivasis]], and [[Rajbanshi people|Rajbanshis]]—opposed the proposal for a separate North Bengal and any division of West Bengal.<ref>{{Cite news |last=PTI |date=2021-06-22 |title=Ethnic groups in north Bengal reject BJP MP's separate UT proposal |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/ethnic-groups-in-north-bengal-reject-bjp-mps-separate-ut-proposal/article34901876.ece |access-date=2025-04-13 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

On 24 July 2023, BJP state president and Member of Parliament [[Sukanta Majumdar]] proposed including the eight districts of North Bengal under the North Eastern Council without dividing West Bengal. However, Kurseong MLA [[Bishnu Prasad Sharma]] opposed it.<ref>{{Cite news |last=সংবাদদাতা |first=আনন্দবাজার অনলাইন |title='উত্তরবঙ্গ' মন্তব্য করে দলে বিতর্কের মুখে মন্ত্রী সুকান্ত, উত্তরের বিধায়কের মুখেই রাজ্য সভাপতির নিন্দা |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/bjp-mla-bishnu-prasad-sharma-opposed-the-proposal-of-sukanta-majumdar-on-north-bengal-dgtl/cid/1533512 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241223091813/https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/bjp-mla-bishnu-prasad-sharma-opposed-the-proposal-of-sukanta-majumdar-on-north-bengal-dgtl/cid/1533512 |archive-date=2024-12-23 |access-date=2025-04-13 |language=bn |url-status=live }}</ref> Trinamool called Sukanta's proposal "separatist." Trinamool spokesperson Riju Dutta labeled the BJP "anti-Bengal" and "anti-Bengali" for the proposal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-25 |title=Why BJP is fishing in Bengal's north-south cracks |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/bjp-minister-north-bengal-divide-tmc-mamata-banerjee-bifurcation-north-east-doner-sukanta-majumdar-2571694-2024-07-25 |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

On 25 July, another Member of Parliament, [[Nishikant Dubey]], demanded the creation of a separate union territory comprising Malda and Murshidabad districts of West Bengal, Araria, Katihar, and Kishanganj districts of Bihar, and the Santhal Pargana region of Jharkhand. According to him, the Hindu and tribal populations in those areas are declining due to an increase in the number of Bangladeshi immigrants.<ref>{{Cite news |last=সংবাদদাতা |first=আনন্দবাজার অনলাইন |title=সুকান্তের তোলা 'উত্তরবঙ্গ' বিতর্কের মধ্যেই বাংলা ভাগ চাইলেন নিশিকান্ত, নজরে মালদহ, মুর্শিদাবাদ |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/bjp-mp-nishikant-dubey-calls-for-new-union-territory-involving-west-bengal-and-bihar-dgtl/cid/1533543 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241224132153/https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/bjp-mp-nishikant-dubey-calls-for-new-union-territory-involving-west-bengal-and-bihar-dgtl/cid/1533543 |archive-date=2024-12-24 |access-date=2025-04-13 |language=bn |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-25 |title=BJP's Nishikant Dubey demands new Union Territory: '...or Hindus will disappear' |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/parliament-session-nishikant-dubey-lok-sabha-jharkhand-bangladesh-infiltration-news-union-territory-2571902-2024-07-25 |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

On 29 July, Chief Minister [[Mamata Banerjee]] opposed the division of West Bengal in the Legislative Assembly.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-29 |title=আসুক বাংলা ভাগ করতে, দেখিয়ে দেব, বিজেপি নেতাদের হুঁশিয়ার করলেন মমতা |url=https://najarbandi.in/mamata-banerjee-comment-on-west-bengal-dividation/ |access-date=2025-04-13 |website=najarbandi.in |language=bn-BD}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Regions of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Geography of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Divisions of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Proposed states and union territories of India]]
[[Category:Gorkhaland]]

Geoffrey Bruce

2026-05-01T11:36:14Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: creating a pg

{{Short description|British Indian Army officer, mountaineer}}
{{About||the alpine ski racer|Geoff Bruce}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2026}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Geoffrey Bruce
| image = File:Geoffrey Bruce & George Finch, 1922.jpg
| alt = Monochrome photo of two men looking like hikers on a cold day
| caption = Bruce (left) and Finch in 1922.
| birth_name = John Geoffrey Bruce
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1896|12|04|df=yes}}
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1972|01|31|1896|12|04|df=yes}}
| death_place =
| spouse = Marjorie Isabel Crump
| parents = Colonel Sir Gerald Bruce
| other_names =
| occupation = Military officer
| known_for = Mount Everest expeditions
| module = {{Infobox military person
| embed = yes
| service_years = 1914–1948
| service_number = 106232
| branch = {{army|British India}}
| allegiance = {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| rank = [[Major-general (United Kingdom)|Major General]]
| commands = [[17th Indian Infantry Brigade]] 2nd Battalion [[6th Queen Elizabeth's Own Gurkha Rifles|6th Gurkha Rifles]]
| battles = {{plainlist|
*[[World War I]]
*[[Third Anglo-Afghan War]]
*[[World War II]]}}
| awards = [[Companion of the Order of the Bath]] [[Distinguished Service Order]] [[Military Cross]] [[Order of the Star of Nepal]]
| memorials =
| relations =
| other_work =
| signature =
| signature_size =
| signature_alt =
| website = 
| module =
}}
}}
[[Major general (United Kingdom)|Major General]] '''John Geoffrey Bruce''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|CB|DSO|MC}} (4 December 1896 – 31 January 1972) was an officer in the [[British Indian Army]], eventually becoming Deputy Chief of General Staff, who participated in the [[1922 British Mount Everest expedition]]. Bruce, who had never before climbed a mountain, had been appointed as a transport officer, but chance led to him accompanying [[George Finch (chemist)|George Finch]] on the only summit attempt that used supplemental oxygen. Together they set a new [[World altitude record (mountaineering)|mountaineering world record height]] of {{convert|8321|m|abbr=on|sigfig=5|order=flip}}, only {{convert|527.82|m|abbr=on|sigfig=5|order=flip}} below the summit of [[Mount Everest]]. He also took part in the [[1924 British Mount Everest expedition]], and for a time was slated to make the first summit attempt with [[George Mallory]], before the party was forced to retreat and Mallory subsequently went for the top with [[Andrew Irvine (mountaineer)|Sandy Irvine]].

==Background and personal life==
Geoffrey Bruce, born on 4 December 1896, was a son of Colonel Sir Gerald Bruce. He attended [[Rugby School]]. Bruce married Marjorie Isabel Crump in 1932 and they had two daughters.<ref name=www>{{cite web|title=Bruce, Major-General (retired) John Geoffrey|url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U152742|website=Who Was Who|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=16 December 2014|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref group=note>Marjorie also had two older daughters by a previous marriage.</ref> In 1922 he was described by his mountaineering colleague [[George Finch (chemist)|George Finch]] as "tall, of athletic build, strong, endowed with a great fund of mental energy – an invaluable asset on ventures of this kind – and cheerful in any situation".<ref name=enews>{{cite web|title=Mallory and Irvine The Final Chapter: Capt. C. Geoffrey Bruce|url=http://www.everestnews2004.com/malloryandirvine2004/stories2004/bruce.htm|website=EverestNews.com|access-date=16 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170942/http://www.everestnews2004.com/malloryandirvine2004/stories2004/bruce.htm|archive-date=3 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[Wade Davis (anthropologist)|Wade Davis]] said Bruce was, in 1922, "one of the finest athletes in the Indian Army".{{sfnp|Davis|2012|pp=377–378}}

==Military career==
During the First World War, Bruce was [[second lieutenant]] in the [[Glamorgan Yeomanry]] serving in [[Egypt]] and [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]].<ref name=www />

As an officer of the British Indian Army, Bruce took part in the [[Third Anglo-Afghan War]] of 1919, and in 1921 he was awarded the [[Military Cross]].<ref name=blakeney />{{sfnp|Davis|2012|p=378}} He participated in the [[Military history of the North-West Frontier|North-West Frontier Province operations]] between 1920 and 1923, and again between 1937 and 1938.<ref name=blakeney>{{cite journal|last1=Blakeney|first1=T. S.|title=In Memoriam: John Geoffrey Bruce 1896–1972|journal=Alpine Journal|date=1973|pages=280–295|url=http://www.alpinejournal.org.uk/Contents/Contents_1973_files/AJ%201973%20280-295%20In%20Memoriam.pdf|access-date=16 December 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605052453/http://www.alpinejournal.org.uk/Contents/Contents_1973_files/AJ%201973%20280-295%20In%20Memoriam.pdf|archive-date=5 June 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He attended the [[Staff College, Quetta]] from 1927 to 1928, and his fellow students included [[Frederick E. Morgan|Frederick Morgan]], [[Harold Rawdon Briggs|Harold Briggs]], [[George Alan Vasey|George Vasey]], [[E. L. M. Burns]], [[David Tennant Cowan|David Cowan]] and [[Horace Birks]].{{sfn|Smart|2005|p=48}} He then attended the [[RAF Staff College, Andover]] in 1932, before returning to the Staff College, Quetta, this time as an instructor, from 1933 to 1936. Bruce was promoted to [[Commanding officer|Commanding Officer]] (CO) of the 2nd Battalion [[6th Queen Elizabeth's Own Gurkha Rifles|6th Gurkha Rifles]] in 1937.<ref name=blakeney />{{sfn|Smart|2005|p=48}}

He had a distinguished career during the [[World War II|Second World War]], at the beginning of which he was attending the [[Royal College of Defence Studies|Imperial Defence College]] in [[London]],{{sfn|Smart|2005|p=48}} serving in Norway and France in 1940, before returning to India to command the [[17th Indian Infantry Brigade]] at the time of its formation. From 1944 to 1946 he was Deputy [[Chief of the General Staff (India)|Chief of the General Staff, India]] of the British Indian Army, and was then [[General officer commanding|General Officer Commanding]] (GOC) of the [[Lahore]] District until his retirement in 1948.<ref name=www /><ref name=blakeney /><ref name=rgs /> He was Commandant of the [[Civil Defence Staff College]] from 1952 to 1956.<ref name=www />

==1922 Mount Everest expedition==
[[File:Oxygen equipment on 1922 Everest expedition.jpg|thumb|upright|Oxygen equipment used on the expedition|alt=Photo of four gas cylinders strapped on someone's back]]
{{main|1922 British Mount Everest expedition}}
In 1922, at the age of 25, Bruce had no mountaineering experience except for hill scrambling in the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–55)|North-West Frontier]], but he was invited by his cousin General [[Charles Granville Bruce|Charles Bruce]], the leader of that year's Everest expedition, to take part as third transport officer and interpreter.<ref name=blakeney /><ref name=rgs>{{cite web |title=Major-General John Geoffrey Bruce |url=http://imagingeverest.rgs.org/Units/25.html |website=Imaging Everest |publisher=[[Royal Geographical Society]] |access-date=16 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151124022935/http://imagingeverest.rgs.org/Units/25.html |archive-date=24 November 2015 |df=dmy }}</ref> This was the first expedition with the specific aim of reaching the summit of the world's highest mountain.

While the expedition was ascending the [[East Rongbuk Glacier]] at an elevation of about {{convert|6401|m|abbr=on|sigfig=4|order=flip}}, many of the climbers and porters were suffering from dysentery and the effects of altitude, but Bruce maintained his full fitness. It had been intended that one of the assaults on the summit would be led by George Finch, using oxygen equipment. Bruce was willing to cooperate, although this sort of artificial aid was regarded with scepticism or even disdain by many members of the party. Finch was taken ill and, by the time he recovered, all the other lead climbers had set off higher up the mountain, so Finch had to assemble a team of untrained climbers.{{sfnp|Davis|2012|pp=413–414, 418–419}}

[[File:John Noel with filming equipment, 1922.jpg|thumb|left|Noel filming from the North Col]]
On 24 May Finch and Bruce, accompanied by [[Tejbir Bura]], an [[Non-commissioned officer|NCO]] [[Gurkha Army]] colleague of Bruce's, set off with a group of porters to reach the [[North Col]].{{refn|group=note|Finch gives a highly-readable account of the summit attempt ([//archive.org/stream/assaultonmountev00bruc#page/234/mode/2up available online]) in ''The Assault on Mount Everest, 1922''.{{sfnp|Bruce|1923|pp=234–250}}}} [[John Baptist Lucius Noel|John Noel]] accompanied them as far as the Col to photograph and film progress. The next day, Finch, Bruce, and Tejbir climbed higher up towards the North Shoulder and camped the following night in hurricane conditions. After being forced to stay in camp the next day, they at last set off again, but Tejbir, at the point of collapse, had to return to the tent. To keep slightly sheltered from the strengthening wind, they started to traverse the North Face, without using ropes so as to save time. Suddenly the glass T-piece of Bruce's oxygen set broke, but Finch was able to replace it while they shared Finch's oxygen. After that, Bruce was unable to go higher and so, within a half-mile ({{convert|0.5|mi|disp=out|sigfig=1}}) of the summit, they turned back.{{sfnp|Davis|2012|pp=428–430}}

Three days earlier, the team of [[George Mallory]], [[Edward Felix Norton|Teddy Norton]], and [[Howard Somervell]], not using supplemental oxygen, had turned back at {{convert|8225|m|abbr=on|sigfig=5|order=flip}} and now, on 27 May 1922, Finch and Bruce had set another world record height of {{convert|8321|m|abbr=on|sigfig=5|order=flip}}, only {{convert|527.82|m|abbr=on|sigfig=5|order=flip}} below the summit; it was Bruce's first mountain climb.{{sfnp|Davis|2012|pp=433–434}}{{refn|group=note|Davis (2012) wrote, "Their elevation was 27,300 feet – the highest that man had ever climbed", and, "Geoffrey Bruce ... had set a world height record on his very first mountain climb".{{sfnp|Davis|2012|p=434}}

Charles Bruce (1923) wrote, "First, although Geoffrey Bruce is thoroughly accustomed
to work on the hillside, he had never before this big attempt, and before the few practice walks that he had with Finch, attempted a snow mountain in his life; the nearest thing he had been to it was following game in Kashmir".{{sfnp|Bruce|1923|p=61}}}}

[[File:1922 Mount Everest expedition, second climbing party descending.jpg|thumb|upright|Finch and Bruce descending from their record climb|alt=Photo of two men trudging out of a snowy, mountainous background]]
In violent wind, they eventually got back to the North Col where Noel, fearing that no one could survive for so long in such conditions, had been burning unexposed film to act as flares to guide them. Bruce's feet were completely numb and Finch feared they might be lost to frostbite, although Bruce staged a full recovery and was able to return to his regiment later in the year.{{sfnp|Davis|2012|pp=434–437, 457–458}} [[Douglas Freshfield]] later described the climb as "one of the bravest mountaineering feats on record".{{sfnp|Davis|2012|pp=434–437}} Bruce wrote to Finch, "I can never thank you enough for electing to take me with you on that climb, or for the perfectly astonishing way you pulled me through it all. It was wonderful".{{sfnp|Davis|2012|p=463}} At the [[1924 Winter Olympics]], Bruce was one of the thirteen members of the expedition awarded an [[Olympic medal|Olympic gold medal]].<ref group=note>Medals were awarded to a further eight members of the team at the [[1924 Summer Olympics]]</ref><ref name=www /><ref name=bbc1924>{{cite news|last1=Georgiou|first1=George|title=Everest Olympic medal pledge set to be honoured|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-17493939|access-date=16 December 2014|work=BBC News|publisher=BBC|date=26 March 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140922145422/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-17493939|archive-date=22 September 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==1924 and later Everest expeditions==
{{main|1924 British Mount Everest expedition}}

The next Everest expedition, which took place in 1924, was also led by General Charles Bruce, and this time Captain Geoffrey Bruce was one of the main climbers as well as being transport officer. General Bruce was taken ill with malaria on the march in and had to be evacuated to India, with Teddy Norton taking over as leader.{{sfnp|Unsworth|1981|p=108}} During the march in, it had been decided to pair Bruce with [[Noel Odell]] to make the expedition's desired third attempt on the summit (with oxygen).{{sfnp|Davis|2012|pp=495–496}} Later, on the East Rongbuk glacier, after bad weather had driven everyone back to base camp and a second approach was being made, the plan was for Mallory and Bruce to establish Camp V at about {{convert|25500|ft|order=flip}} and then make the first summit bid.{{sfnp|Unsworth|1981|pp=117–118}}

Camp V went according to plan on 1 June, but the porters could not be persuaded to climb farther and everyone retreated back to the North Col.{{sfnp|Davis|2012|p=529}} Norton and Somervell made a summit attempt on 4 June and managed to climb higher than Bruce and Finch had done in 1922.<ref group=note>Norton and Somervell reached {{convert|28126|ft|order=flip}}, setting a record that was to last until the [[1952 Swiss Mount Everest expedition|Swiss expedition of 1952]].</ref>{{sfnp|Unsworth|1981|p=122}} Mallory launched a third attempt on 8 June but this time he chose [[Andrew Irvine (mountaineer)|Sandy Irvine]] as climbing partner. When Mallory and Irvine failed to return, the expedition was called off.{{sfnp|Davis|2012|pp=538, 549–550}}

Bruce was later invited to be the leader of the [[1933 British Mount Everest expedition|Everest expedition of 1933]] and [[1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition|of 1935]], but was unable to accept due to his army commitments.{{sfnp|Unsworth|1981|pp=160, 188}}

==References==
{{reflist|group=note}}

===Citations===
{{reflist}}

===Works cited===
*{{cite book|last1=Bruce|first1=Charles Granville|title=The Assault on Mount Everest, 1922|date=1923|url=https://archive.org/stream/assaultonmountev00bruc#page/n7/mode/2up|access-date=18 December 2014|publisher=Longmans, Green & Co.|location=New York}}
*{{cite book|last1=Davis|first1=Wade|authorlink=Wade Davis (anthropologist)|title=Into the Silence: The Great War, Mallory, and the Conquest of Everest|date=2012|publisher=Random House|isbn=978-0099563839}}
*{{cite book|last=Unsworth|first=Walt|title=Everest|location=London|publisher=Allen Lane|date=1981|isbn=0713911085}}
*{{cite book| first=Nick| last=Smart| title=Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War| isbn=1844150496| year=2005| location=Barnesley| publisher=Pen & Sword}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite web|last1=Ammentorp|first1=Steen|title=Biography of Major-General John Geoffrey Bruce (1896–1972), Great Britain|url=http://www.generals.dk/general/Bruce/John_Geoffrey/Great_Britain.html|website=The Generals of WWII: Generals from Great Britain|access-date=16 December 2014|ref=none}}
*{{cite web|last1=Bruce|first1=Sally|title=Memories of a Wartime Childhood|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/07/a6084407.shtml|date=10 October 2005|website=WW2 People's War: Child in Wartime|publisher=BBC|access-date=16 December 2014|ref=none}} – memoir by one of Bruce's daughters

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruce, Geoffrey}}
[[Category:1896 births]]
[[Category:1972 deaths]]
[[Category:Academics of the Staff College, Quetta]]
[[Category:English mountain climbers]]
[[Category:People educated at Rugby School]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Star of Nepal]]
[[Category:Olympic gold medallists for Great Britain]]
[[Category:Indian Army generals of World War II]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Military Cross]]
[[Category:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order]]
[[Category:Glamorgan Yeomanry officers]]
[[Category:Graduates of the Command and Staff College Quetta]]
[[Category:Graduates of the Royal College of Defence Studies]]
[[Category:Recipients of the MacGregor Medal]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Third Anglo-Afghan War]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:British Indian Army generals]]
[[Category:Olympic medalists in alpinism]]

Shanta Gokhale

2026-04-29T04:39:30Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Added A Info!

{{short description|Indian writer, translator, journalist and theatre critic}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Shanta Gokhale
| image = Shanta Gokhale in 2019.png
| image_size =
| image_upright = 0.80
| caption = Gokhale in 2019
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1939|08|14}}
| birth_place = [[Dahanu]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| nationality = Indian
| other_names =
| known_for =
| occupation = {{flatlist|
* Writer
* translator
* journalist
* theatre critic
* playwright
}}
| notableworks = {{plainlist|
* ''Rita Welinkar''
* ''Tya Varshi'' (''Crowfall'')
}}
| awards =
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* Vijaykumar Shahane
* Arun Khopkar
}}
| children = Girish Shahane [[Renuka Shahane]]
| website = {{URL|http://shantagokhale.com/}}
}}

'''Shanta Gokhale''' (born 14 August 1939) is an Indian writer, translator, journalist and theatre critic. She is best known for her works ''Rita Welinkar'' and ''Tya Varshi''.

==Early life and education==
Born in [[Dahanu]] in [[Palghar district]] of Maharashtra, Gokhale's family moved to [[Shivaji Park Residential Zone|Shivaji Park]] neighbourhood in Mumbai in 1941 when her father, GG Gokahle, joined a newspaper, ''Searchlight''. Her father later joined the [[Bennett and Coleman]] Group.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/express-sunday-eye/a-critic-takes-centrestage-shanta-gokhale-sita-snehalata-reddy-5835916/|title=A critic takes centrestage: What makes Shanta Gokhale a renaissance person|first=Alaka|last=Sahani|date=2019-07-21|website=The Indian Express|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> She did her schooling from [[Bombay Scottish School, Mahim]]. At the age of 15 she left for England where she did her B. A. (Hons) in English literature at [[Bristol University]]. Returning to India, at the age of 21, she did her M. A. (Hons) degree in English literature from [[University of Mumbai]]. Subsequently, she joined Xavier's Institute of Communication, Mumbai, where she studied Communications and Video Production.<ref name="time2006">
{{cite web|url=http://www.timeoutmumbai.net/client_coverstory/client_coverstory_details.asp?code=697|title=Grew up in Shivaji Park|last=Ramnath|first=Nandini|year=2006|work=[[Time Out Mumbai]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716220548/http://www.timeoutmumbai.net/client_coverstory/client_coverstory_details.asp?code=697|archive-date=16 July 2011|url-status=dead|access-date=22 March 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="LivemintQuiet19">{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/QW5zou6VZQNRu318735qbL/A-quiet-illuminating-force.html|title=A quiet, illuminating force|last=Tripathi|first=Salil|date=2019-01-18|website=Livemint|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref>

==Career==
Shanta Gokhale has previously worked as a part-time teacher at [[Elphinstone College]],<ref name="LokSatta2018">{{Cite web
|url = https://www.loksatta.com/shreyas-ani-preyas-news/motivational-story-of-shanta-gokhale-1770255/
|title = फरक पडणार हे नक्की!
|date = 2018-10-13
|website = Loksatta
|language = mr-IN
|trans-title = Make a Difference for Sure!
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181209213146/https://www.loksatta.com/shreyas-ani-preyas-news/motivational-story-of-shanta-gokhale-1770255/
|archive-date = 9 December 2018
|url-status = live
|access-date = 2018-12-09
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> and as a public relations executive at [[Glaxo Laboratories]].<ref name="WeekModestGokhale2016" />

===Writing and journalism===
Gokhale initially published stories, in both English and [[Marathi language|Marathi]], in various publications, and eventually in the 1970s, she started publishing novels. She published her first book, ''Rita Welinkar'', in Marathi (and later in English in the year 1995). She credits a letter from [[Nissim Ezekiel]] for encouraging her to write in Marathi.<ref name="HinduDriven2016" /> She wrote the book while she still worked at Glaxo, formulating the ideas during her bus journeys and writing during her lunch breaks.<ref name="LivemintQuiet19" /> Her second book, ''Tya Varshi'', was published seventeen years later, in 2008.<ref name="Cinestaan2018" /> It was later translated and published by her in English as ''Crowfall,'' in 2013.<ref>{{Cite news
|url = https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/jWfgOeO1aY6q66SGtjPeXK/Book-Review--Crowfall.html
|title = Book Review {{!}} Crowfall
|last = Ghoshal
|first = Somak
|date = Nov 30, 2013
|access-date = 2018-12-10
}}</ref><ref>
{{Cite news
|url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/literary-review/its-about-middle-mumbai/article5642985.ece
|title=It's about middle Mumbai
|last=Baliga
|first=Shashi
|date=Jan 2, 2014
|work=The Hindu
|access-date=2018-12-10
|issn=0971-751X
}}</ref> In 2018, she released an anthology of her writings over the decades, titled ''The Engaged Observer'', which was edited by her close friend, [[Jerry Pinto]].<ref name="HinduTruthOoty2018">
{{Cite news
|url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/genres-at-ooty-literary-festival/article24949454.ece
|title='Today's truth-tellers are not safe'
|last=Srinivasan
|first=Pankaja
|date=Sep 14, 2018
|work=The Hindu
|access-date=2018-12-10
|issn=0971-751X
}}</ref> She planned to release her memoirs with the tentative title of ''Here’s Looking at You, Body'' in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scroll.in/article/862020/these-are-the-books-that-some-of-indias-most-acclaimed-authors-will-be-reading-in-2018|title=These are the books that some of India's most acclaimed authors will be reading in 2018|last=Gill|first=Harsimran|date=Dec 23, 2017|website=Scroll.in|access-date=2018-12-16}}</ref> It was later released as ''One Foot On The Ground: A Life Told Through The Body'' in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scroll.in/article/929899/from-sorry-yaar-really-sorry-to-why-dont-we-get-married-shanta-gokhales-memoir-of-her-body|title=From 'Sorry yaar, really sorry' to 'Why don't we get married?': Shanta Gokhale's memoir of her body|last=Gokhale|first=Shanta|website=Scroll.in|date=10 July 2019 |access-date=2019-11-07}}</ref> In March 2020, she released ''Shivaji Park: Dadar 28: History, Places, People'', a book that traced the history of the Mumbai neighbourhood where she lives.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/mail-today/story/portrait-of-a-dynamic-mumbai-neighbourhood-1660906-2020-03-29|title=Portrait of a dynamic Mumbai neighbourhood|first=Antara|last=Raghavan|date=29 March 2020|website=India Today|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref>

She has written screenplays for several films and documentaries. She wrote the screenplay for the Hindi film, ''Haathi Ka Anda'' (2002) directed by Arun Khopkar for whom she has written many documentary scripts. She wrote the screenplay for the 2011 Marathi film, ''Ti Ani Itar'', adapted from [[Manjula Padmanabhan]]’s 1986 play, ''Lights Out''.<ref name="ScrollOotyLitFest2018" /> As an actor, she appeared in the parallel cinema classic, film, ''[[Ardh Satya]]'' (1983), directed by [[Govind Nihalani]], and in a 13-part TV series directed by [[Amol Palekar]].

Her daughter, [[Renuka Shahane]], made her directorial debut adapting Gokhale's novel ''Rita Welinkar'' into a Marathi film, [[Rita (2009 Indian film)|''Rita'' (2009)]]. It featured her (Shahane), [[Pallavi Joshi]] and [[Jackie Shroff]] in the cast.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/rita-is-a-kaleidoscopic-portrait-of-life-renuka/664785|title='Rita' is a Kaleidoscopic Portrait of Life: Renuka|date=Aug 23, 2009|website=Outlook India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210063227/https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/rita-is-a-kaleidoscopic-portrait-of-life-renuka/664785|archive-date=10 December 2018|url-status=live|access-date=2018-12-10|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Gokhale has formerly been Arts Editor with ''[[The Times of India]]'', Mumbai, and Sub-Editor at ''[[Femina (India)|Femina]]''. Hard-nosed journalism wasn't meant for her, as she didn't like to intrude on people's privacy or push for attention.<ref name="HinduDriven2016" /> She has previously been a columnist for newspapers like ''The Sunday Times of India'' and ''[[The Independent (India)|The Independent]]'', for tabloids like ''[[Mid-Day]]'' and ''[[Mumbai Mirror]]'' and for websites like ''[[Scroll.in]]''.<ref name="LokSatta2018" /><ref name="Cinestaan2018" />

===Theatre and its criticism===
Gokhale's journey into theatre began with her study of English literature and theatre, as part of her studies in [[London]]. Soon after returning to Bombay, she happened to become good friends with [[Satyadev Dubey]]. She would attend his theatre rehearsals and observe him directing plays, some of which were written by fresh new writers like [[Girish Karnad]]. This began her journey into understanding the processes of theatre making.<ref name="Cinestaan2018" /> Later, she started writing plays like ''Avinash'' in 1988 (which was directed by Dubey),<ref name="LokSatta2018" /> ''Dip and Dop'' and ''Rosemary for Remembrance'' (which was premiered at the [[Kala Ghoda Arts Festival]] in 2016).<ref name="WeekModestGokhale2016">{{Cite magazine
|last = Pinto
|first = Jerry
|date = May 8, 2016
|title = The modest Shanta Gokhale
|url = https://www.theweek.in/columns/Jerry-Pinto/the-modest-shanta-gokhale.html
|magazine = The Week
|access-date = 2018-12-09
|archive-date = 9 December 2018
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181209214352/https://www.theweek.in/columns/Jerry-Pinto/the-modest-shanta-gokhale.html
|url-status = dead
}}</ref> In 2000, she published a critical study of [[Marathi theatre]], ''Playwright at the Centre: Marathi Drama from 1843 to the Present''.<ref>
{{cite book
|title=The Columbia encyclopedia of Modern Drama, (Vol. 1)
|author= Gabrielle H. Cody
|author2=Evert Sprinchorn
|publisher=Columbia University Press
|year=2007
|isbn=978-0-231-14422-3
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qYfH1tOwsHcC
|pages=665
}}</ref> She has also edited ''The Scenes We Made: An Oral History of Experimental Theatre in Mumbai.''<ref name="WeekModestGokhale2016" /> She has edited the book, ''The Scenes We Made'', about the theatre scene Between the mid-70s and early 90s at the Chabildas School in [[Dadar]], [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{Cite magazine
|date = Dec 2, 2018
|title = The pioneering spirit of Chabildas
|url = https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/others/sunday-read/the-pioneering-spirit-of-chabildas/articleshow/66902386.cms
|magazine = Mumbai Mirror
|access-date = 2018-12-11
}}</ref> The book was released in 2015.<ref name="LivemintQuiet19" />

===Translation===
As a translator she has worked on veteran actress [[Durga Khote]]'s noted autobiography and has published translations of several plays by leading Marathi playwrights like [[Mahesh Elkunchwar]], [[Vijay Tendulkar]], [[G.P. Deshpande]], and [[Satish Alekar]].<ref name="HinduDriven2016">
{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/literary-review/%E2%80%98I-am-driven-by-an-evangelical-imperative%E2%80%99/article14429871.ece|title=I am driven by an evangelical imperative|last=Ganesh|first=Deepa|date=June 18, 2016|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216091440/https://www.thehindu.com/books/literary-review/%E2%80%98I-am-driven-by-an-evangelical-imperative%E2%80%99/article14429871.ece|archive-date=16 December 2018|url-status=live|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> She credits her mother for inspiring her to translate the wealth of Marathi literature.<ref name="LokSatta2018" /> Her work in translation began with [[C.T. Khanolkar]]’s play ''Avadhya'', at the suggestion of her friend Satyadev Dubey while she was living in [[Visakhapatnam]].<ref name="HinduDriven2016" /> Some of her other translations include ''Em Ani Hoomrao'' ([[Jerry Pinto]]'s novel, ''[[Em and the Big Hoom|Em And The Big Hoom]]'' translated into Marathi), ''Begum Barve'' ([[Satish Alekar]]'s Marathi play of the same name, translated into English), ''I, Durga Khote'' ([[Durga Khote]]'s autobiography in Marathi, translated into English) and ''Guru Dutt: A Tragedy in Three Acts'' (her ex-husband Arun Khopkar's Marathi book on [[Guru Dutt]], titled ''Guru Dutt: Teen Anki Shokantika'', translated into English).<ref name="Cinestaan2018">{{Cite web
|url = https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2018/mar/24/11855/never-been-satisfied-with-films-adapted-from-plays-says-shanta-gokhale
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181209221341/https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2018/mar/24/11855/never-been-satisfied-with-films-adapted-from-plays-says-shanta-gokhale
|url-status = live
|archive-date = 9 December 2018
|title = Never been satisfied with films adapted from plays, says Shanta Gokhale
|last = Paikat
|first = Anita
|date = Mar 24, 2018
|website = Cinestaan
|access-date = 2018-12-09
}}</ref> In 2018, she published ''Smritichitre: The Memoirs of a Spirited Wife,'' translated from the original Marathi version published by [[Lakshmibai Tilak]] in four parts between 1931 and 1936.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/review-smritichitre-the-memoirs-of-a-spirited-wifelakshmibai-tilak/story-CZVJ1dI4XsfoxVFGA40gKP.html|title=Review - Smritichitre: The Memoirs of a Spirited Wife by Lakshmibai Tilak|last=Nabar|first=Vrinda|date=Mar 23, 2018|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

==Works==
;Novels
*"The Theatre of Veenapani Chawla. Theory, Practice, Performance", Publisher: Oxford University Press, New Delhi 2014. {{ISBN|978-0-19-809703-7}}.
* {{cite book |title=Playwright at the Centre: Marathi drama from 1843 to the present|author=Shanta Gokhale |publisher=Seagull Books|year=2000|isbn=817046157X}}
* ''Tyā varshī'' (Marathi). Mauja Prakashan. Griha, 2008. {{ISBN|8174867139}}.
* {{cite book |title=Rita Welinkar|publisher=Orient Blackswan |year=1995|isbn=812500324X|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4mM8WBXYDugC }}
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eEQ4jwEACAAJ|title=The Scenes We Made: An Oral History of Experimental Theatre in Mumbai|year=2015|publisher=[[Speaking Tiger Books]]|isbn=978-93-85288-99-9}}
* ''One Foot On The Ground: A Life Told Through The Body'' - autobiography. Speaking Tiger Books. 2018. {{ISBN|9789388874854}}
* ''Shivaji Park: Dadar 28: History, Places, People''. Speaking Tiger Books. 2020. {{ISBN|9788194472902}}

;Plays
* {{cite book |title=Avinash: the indestructible|publisher=Seagull Books|year= 1994|isbn=8170461073 }}

;As translator
* {{cite book |title=Begum Barve |author=Satish Alekar |author-link=Satish Alekar |translator=Shanta Gokhale |publisher=Seagull Books |year=2003 |isbn=8170462088 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/begumbarve0000alek }}
* {{cite book |title=City plays (Playscript)|author=Mahesh Elkunchwar |translator1=Shanta Gokhale |translator2=Manjula Padmanabhan |publisher=Seagull Books|year=2004|isbn=8170462304}}
* {{cite book |title=I, Durga Khote: An autobiography |author=Durga Khote |author-link=Durga Khote |translator=Shanta Gokhale |year=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0195674758}}
* {{cite book |title=Collected plays of Mahesh Elkunchwar: Garbo, Desire in the rocks, Old stone mansion, Reflection, Sonata, An actor exits|author=Mahesh Elkunchwar |author-link=Mahesh Elkunchwar |translator1=Shanta Gokhale |translator2=Supantha Bhattacharya |publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2008 |isbn=978-0195697971 }}
* {{cite book |title=Collected Plays of Satish Alekar: The Dread Departure, Deluge, the Terrorist, Dynasts, Begum Barve, Mickey and the Memsahib |author=Satish Alekar |translator1=Gauri Deshpande |translator2=Urmila Bhirdikar |translator3=Alok Bhalla |translator4=Jayant Dhupkar |translator5=Pramod Kale |translator6=Shanta Gokhale |publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0198069881 }}

==Personal life==
Shanta Gokhale was married to Lt. Cdr. Vijaykumar Shahane, with whom she has two children, Girish Shahane, and noted film and television actress, [[Renuka Shahane]]. After their divorce, she was briefly married to noted filmmaker Arun Khopkar. She currently lives in Lalit Estate, [[Shivaji Park Residential Zone|Shivaji Park]], [[Mumbai]], with her two helpers, Alka Dhulap and Sanjay Pashte, and is neighbours with [[Jerry Pinto]].<ref name="LokSatta2018" /><ref>{{Cite web
|url = https://www.mid-day.com/articles/homes-around-shivaji-park-warm-tales-bombay-friendliest-public-ground-lifestyle/18246194
|title = Homes around Shivaji Park have some warm tales to unfold
|last = Marfatia
|first = Meher
|date = May 14, 2017
|website = Mid-Day
|language = en
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181210063317/https://www.mid-day.com/articles/homes-around-shivaji-park-warm-tales-bombay-friendliest-public-ground-lifestyle/18246194
|archive-date = 10 December 2018
|url-status = live
|access-date = 2018-12-09
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref>

Over the years, Gokhale has served as a mentor for many, including poet [[Arundhathi Subramaniam]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/remembering-an-original-spirit/articleshow/59827679.cms|title=Remembering an original spirit|last=Subramaniam|first=Arundhathi|date=Jul 30, 2017|website=Mumbai Mirror|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211010307/https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/remembering-an-original-spirit/articleshow/59827679.cms|archive-date=11 December 2018|url-status=live|access-date=2018-12-10|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Awards and accolades==
* Two National Awards (for documentary film scripts)<ref name="HinduStories2018">
{{Cite news
|url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/stories-she-wrote/article23513545.ece
|title=Stories, she wrote
|last=Nath
|first=Parshathy J.
|date=Apr 12, 2018
|work=The Hindu
|access-date=2018-12-10
|language=en-IN
|issn=0971-751X
}}</ref>
* Two [[Maharashtra]] state awards for literary creation for her novels (one for ''Crowfall'' in 2008<ref name="HinduStories2018" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/Shanta-Gokhale-gets-state-award-for-literary-creation/articleshow/15877505.cms|title=Shanta Gokhale gets state award for literary creation|date=Dec 14, 2008|newspaper=Mumbai Mirror|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211012126/https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/Shanta-Gokhale-gets-state-award-for-literary-creation/articleshow/15877505.cms|archive-date=11 December 2018|url-status=live|access-date=2018-12-10|agency=Ist|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and the previous one being the VS Khandekar Award for ''Rita Welinkar'')<ref name="LivemintQuiet19" />
* [[Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]] 2015 (for her overall contribution/scholarship for performing arts)<ref>
{{Cite web
|url = https://scroll.in/latest/807136/sangeet-natak-akademi-announces-winners-of-its-2015-awards
|title = Brij Narayan, Mandakini Trivedi among winners of Sangeet Natak Akademi Awards 2015
|website = Scroll.in
|date = 24 April 2016
|language = en-US
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181209212908/https://scroll.in/latest/807136/sangeet-natak-akademi-announces-winners-of-its-2015-awards
|archive-date = 9 December 2018
|url-status = live
|access-date = 2018-12-09
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref>
* Ooty Literary Festival Lifetime Achievement Award (2018)<ref name="ScrollOotyLitFest2018">{{Cite web
|url = https://scroll.in/article/894819/truth-tellers-are-arrested-imprisoned-writer-shanta-gokhale-on-fear-censorship-in-todays-india
|title = India has become 'a republic of fear for thinkers and writers': Critic and novelist Shanta Gokhale
|last = Gokhale
|first = Shanta
|date = Sep 19, 2018
|website = Scroll.in
|language = en-US
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181210063300/https://scroll.in/article/894819/truth-tellers-are-arrested-imprisoned-writer-shanta-gokhale-on-fear-censorship-in-todays-india
|archive-date = 10 December 2018
|url-status = live
|access-date = 2018-12-09
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref>
* Tata Literature Live! Lifetime Achievement Award (2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scroll.in/latest/942882/writer-and-translator-shanta-gokhale-to-receive-tata-literature-live-lifetime-achievement-award|title=Writer and translator Shanta Gokhale to receive Tata Literature Live! Lifetime Achievement Award|date=2019-11-06|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US|access-date=2019-11-07}}</ref>
* [[Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize]] 2021 for her translation ''Smritichitre :The Memoirs of a Spirited Wife'' originally written in Marathi by [[Lakshmibai Tilak]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Pressrelease_TP-2021.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation 2021|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2022-07-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Shankta Gokhale wins Sahitya Akademi Award for Translation 2021 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/books/features/shankta-gokhale-wins-sahitya-akademi-award-for-translation-2021/articleshow/92548517.cms#:~:text=Renowned%20writer-translator-critic%20Shanta%20Go |newspaper=The Times of India | date=29 June 2022 |access-date=5 July 2022}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite book |url=http://scmsophia.com/docs/scmsophia-lives-of-the-women-vol1.pdf |title=Lives of the Women |publisher=Sophia Institute of Social Communications Media |location=Mumbai |pages=1–38 |access-date=9 December 2018 |archive-date=28 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728211046/http://scmsophia.com/docs/scmsophia-lives-of-the-women-vol1.pdf |url-status=dead }}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{IMDb name}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gokhale, Shanta}}
[[Category:1939 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Dahanu]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Bristol]]
[[Category:University of Mumbai alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian translators]]
[[Category:Translators to English]]
[[Category:Indian theatre critics]]
[[Category:Indian women critics]]
[[Category:Indian women theatre critics]]
[[Category:Indian women columnists]]
[[Category:Indian columnists]]
[[Category:Women writers from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:English-language Indian writers]]
[[Category:Marathi-language writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Indian women dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Novelists from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Dramatists and playwrights from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women novelists]]

Sunil Kumar Kushwaha

2026-04-23T08:46:54Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Added New Bio!

{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| native_name =
| image = File:Sunil Kumar Kushwaha at west champaran (cropped) (cropped).jpg
| name = Sunil Kumar
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| party = [[Janata Dal (United)]]
| term_start = 7 November 2020
| constituency = [[Valmiki Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Valmiki Nagar]]
| predecessor = [[Baidyanath Prasad Mahto]]
| parents = [[Baidyanath Prasad Mahto]] (father)
| alma_mater = M.J.K. College, Bettiah,
West Champaran, Bihar [[Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Bihar University]]
| education = [[Bachelor of Arts]] (History)
}}
'''Sunil Kumar Kushwaha''' alias '''Sunil Kumar'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/muzaffarpur/bettiah/news/valmikinagar-mp-holds-meeting-with-jdu-workers-128939262.html|title=Valmikinagar MP holds meeting with JDU workers|website=Bhaskar.com|accessdate=6 August 2022|archive-date=20 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920085158/https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/muzaffarpur/bettiah/news/valmikinagar-mp-holds-meeting-with-jdu-workers-128939262.html|url-status=live}}</ref> is an Indian politician. He was elected to the [[Lok Sabha]], the lower house of the [[Parliament of India]] from [[Valmiki Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Valmiki Nagar]], [[Bihar]] in the 2020 Bypoll of [[Valmiki Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Valmiki Nagar]] as member of the [[Janata Dal (United)]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/modi-congratulates-jdu-nominee-for-ls-bypoll-win-914279.html | title=Modi congratulates JDU nominee for LS bypoll win | publisher=Deccan Herald | date=11 November 2020 | accessdate=28 November 2019 | archive-date=11 November 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111094602/https://www.deccanherald.com/national/modi-congratulates-jdu-nominee-for-ls-bypoll-win-914279.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web| url=https://myneta.info/LokSabha2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=14239| title=Sunil Kumar Myneta| publisher=ADR| date=8 November 2020| accessdate=28 November 2019| archive-date=26 January 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126182836/https://myneta.info/LokSabha2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=14239| url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/sunil-kumar|title=Sunil Kumar profile|website=india.gov.in|accessdate=17 September 2023|archive-date=19 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919041214/https://www.india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/sunil-kumar|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=5530|title=17th Lok Sabha member profile|website=Originally from Lok Sabha|accessdate=18 September 2023|archive-date=13 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913105534/http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=5530|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> He retained this constituency by winning it once again in the 2024 Indian general elections on the symbol of [[Janata Dal (United)]].

== Personal life and career==
Sunil Kumar was born to veteran [[Janata Dal (United)]] leader and parliamentarian [[Baidyanath Prasad Mahto]].<ref name=":0" /> He started his political career by winning the by election from Valmikinagar Lok Sabha constituency after the death of his father, who was the sitting member of parliament from the constituency. In 2024, he was again made the candidate of [[Janata Dal (United)]] to contest the Lok Sabha election from this constituency. He faced Deepak Yadav of [[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]. In this election, Bhojpuri singer and actor [[Khesari Lal Yadav]] and [[Vinay Bihari]] campaigned for him.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abplive.com/states/bihar/khesari-lal-yadav-road-show-in-favor-of-jdu-candidate-sunil-kumar-kushwaha-in-valmikinagar-ann-2697200|title=Khesari Lal Yadav: खेसारी लाल यादव ने वाल्मीकिनगर में किया रोड शो, JDU प्रत्याशी के पक्ष में हाथ जोड़कर की अपील|website=Abp news|accessdate=24 May 2024}}</ref>

Sunil is considered as a mass leader and is known for groundwork and frequently visiting his constituency and his voters. In 2022, after the tragic incident of shootout at the residence of [[Narkatiaganj]] based businessman Guddu Barnwal, he announced that he could even lift the weapon to protect his people. He justified his statement by reminding his constituency that his father Baidyanath Prasad Mahto formed ''Gram Raksha Dal Shaheedi Jatha'' to take on the bandits of Champaran region in early nineties and he can trace the footprint of his father for the welfare of his people.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/jdu-mp-sunil-kumar-says-he-will-take-arms-for-narkatiaganj-bihar-crime-news-skt|title=Bihar: JDU सांसद सुनील कुमार हथियार उठाने की बात क्यों कर रहे?|website=Prabhat Khabar|accessdate=17 September 2023|archive-date=19 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919041203/https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/jdu-mp-sunil-kumar-says-he-will-take-arms-for-narkatiaganj-bihar-crime-news-skt|url-status=live}}</ref>

In his first tenure as a parliamentarian, he raised the matter of National Highway no. 727, which was not completed in the span of four years causing difficulties to the people. He also pointed out that near [[Lauriya]] toll tax was being collected despite the fact that the service was not being provided to the commuters properly.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/bettiah/news/the-matter-of-construction-of-nh-727-in-bettiah-raised-in-parliament-balmiki-nagar-mp-sunil-kumar-demanded-restoration-of-basic-facilities-130924128.html|title=बेतिया में NH-727 के निर्माण का मामला संसद में उठा:बाल्मीकि नगर सांसद सुनील कुमार ने मूलभूत सुविधाओं को बहाल करने की मांग की|website=Dainik Bhaskar|accessdate=26 May 2024}}</ref> In 2023, he also raised up the issue of reconstruction of Valmikinagar Airport for the promotion of tourism in the region. In his parliamentary address given during Zero hour, he drew the attention of the seat of [[Lok Sabha]] on the importance of Valmikinagar constituency, given its proximity to [[Nepal]]. According to him, being connected to [[Sita]] of [[Ramayana]] and harbouring the only tiger reserve of Bihar, presence of a functional airport may boost the tourism potential in the region.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/bihar/west-champaran/bihar-valmiki-nagar-airport-issue-echoed-in-parliament-mp-sunil-kumar-told-about-strategic-importance/articleshow/97890277.cms|title=JDU MP raised the issue of airport in Valmikinagar|website=Navbharat Times|accessdate=13 July 2024}}</ref>

==Second term (2024-29)==
[[File:Nitish Kumar Samrat Chaudhary and Sunil Kumar Kushwaha at west champaran (cropped).jpg|thumb|Sunil Kumar Kushwaha launching various developmental projects in West Champaran district with Bihar Chief Minister, [[Nitish Kumar]] and Deputy Chief Minister [[Samrat Choudhary]] in 2025.]]
In 2024, Kumar was on a field visit of the flood affected regions of his constituency. Thereby, in the Piprasi bloc of Bagaha, he was rounded up by the people who complained against the rural works department of [[Government of Bihar]]. The villagers told him that the sole bridge across the Bansi river that they used to commute across the river was destabilized by the rural works department and an alternative bridge is not being constructed at the required pace. Kumar called the engineer of the rural works department and reprimanded him to complete the work on time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/bihar/west-champaran/bagaha-jdu-mp-sunil-kumar-reprimanded-engineer-to-see-incomplete-bridge-on-the-bansi-river/articleshow/111613748.cms|title=JDU MP Sunil Kumar Kushwaha reprimanded the rural works department|website=Navbharat Times|accessdate=13 July 2024}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Khiru Mahto]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumar, Sunil}}
[[Category:India MPs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Bihar]]
[[Category:Janata Dal (United) politicians]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from West Champaran district]]
[[Category:India MPs 2024–2029]]

Nilkanth Dham

2026-04-22T10:35:55Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: put up a post w/ refs.

{{pov|date=March 2024}}
{{Short description|Spiritual and Cultural Hindu temple in Gujarat, India}}
{{Tone|date=August 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name=Nilkanthdham Poicha
| image = Nilkanthdham a Swaminarayan Hindu Temple located at Poicha.jpg
| alt = Nilkanthdham Poicha a Hindu Temple by [[Swaminarayan]] [[Gurukul Rajkot Sansthan]]
| caption = Nilkanthdham Poicha Shree Swaminarayan Mandir in [[Gujarat]], [[India]]


| religious_affiliation=[[Hinduism]]
| deity = [[Swaminarayan]], [[Radha]]-[[Krishna]], [[Lakshmi]]-[[Vishnu|Narayana]], All 24 Avatars
| festivals = Kalyan Mahotsav (From [[Bhai Beej]] till Labh Pancham)<ref>{{cite web|title= Kalyan Mahotsav - Nilkanthdham|url= https://www.rajkotgurukul.org/activity-details/kalyan-mahotsav-nilkanthdham/a-MTMyOA==}}</ref>
| tower = 31 [[Shikhara]]
| temple_tank = 1 lake (The Narayan Sarovar is a man-made lake that surrounds the main monument)
| functional_status=Active
| governing_body='''[[Shree Swaminarayan Gurukul Rajkot Sansthan]]'''


| location = [[Poicha]]
| district = [[Narmada]]
| state = [[Gujarat]]
| country = [[India]]
| map_type = India Gujarat
| map_caption = Located in Poicha, Narmada, Gujarat
| coordinates = {{coord|21|58|16.63|N|73|28|20.01|E|type:landmark_region:IN_scale:100|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes = {{Google maps|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Nilkanthdham,+Poicha/@21.9710353,73.4537817,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m6!3m5!1s0x395fe2a7d411c24d:0x20f52e8073f11b77!8m2!3d21.9710164!4d73.4722358!16s%2Fg%2F11b6s_605l?hl=en&entry=tts |title =Driving direction to Nilkanthdham Poicha |access-date=24 July 2023}}


| creator = Dharmavallabhdasji Swami inspired by Guruvarya Shri Devkrushnadasji Swami Rajkot Gurukul and [[Rakeshprasad]]ji Maharaj acharya of the [[Laxmi Narayan Dev Gadi]]
| established = 28 October 2013 (officially started)
| architect = [[Swaminarayan Gurukul Rajkot Sansthan]]


| site_area = 105 acres<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://tfiglobalnews.com/2022/12/16/poicha-nilkanth-dham-temple-history-and-travel-guide/|title=Poicha Nilkanth Dham Temple – History and Travel guide|first=TFIGLOBAL News|last=Desk|date=December 16, 2022|website=TFIGlobal}}</ref>


| website = [http://www.nilkanthdham.org/ nilkanthdham.org]
}}

The '''Nilkanth Dham''' is [[Swaminarayan]] Mandir a [[Hindu temple]], and spiritual-cultural campus located in Poicha, near the banks of the [[Narmada River]], in [[Gujarat]], [[India]]. This temple is also referred to as '''Nilkanthdham Poicha''' or '''Poicha Swaminarayan Mandir'''. Nilkanthdham temple is approximately 80 kilometers from [[Bharuch]] and 60 kilometers from [[Vadodara]] by road. The nearest railway station is Vadodara, located around 61.9 kilometers away, and the nearest airport is also in Vadodara, about 65.8 kilometers from the temple.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://narmada.nic.in/tourist-place/nilkanthdham-poicha/|title=NILKANTHDHAM POICHA | District Narmada, Government of Gujarat | India}}</ref><ref name="auto"/>

== History ==
Nilkanthdham is a Hindu temple featuring traditional Indian architecture and sculpture, constructed by [[Swaminarayan Gurukul Rajkot Sansthan]] under the guidance of Shree Dharmavallabhdasji Swami, and inspired by Guruvarya Shree Devkrushndasji Swami and Shastri Maharaj Shree Dharmajivandasji Swami. The temple was officially opened on October 28, 2013, by Guruvarya Shree Devkrushndasji Swami. The murti pran pratishtha ceremony was performed by Shree [[Rakeshprasad|Rakeshprasadji Maharaj]], acharya of the [[Lakshmi Narayan Dev Gadi|Laxmi Narayan Dev Gadi]], in the presence of saints and followers of the Hindu [[Swaminarayan Sampradaya|Swaminarayan Sampraday]].

== Features ==
Nilkanthdham spans 108 acres<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nilkanthdham.org/about-us/|title=About – Nilkanth Dham}}</ref>
<ref name="auto"/> and includes the [[List of Swaminarayan temples|Swaminarayan Mandir]], Sahajanand Universe (a Hindu culture exhibition), Gau Dham (a cowshed), and the [[Narmada River|Narmada riverbank]]. It is located near the [[Statue of Unity]], the world's tallest statue. The proximity of the Statue of Unity, only a few kilometers from the temple complex, allows travelers to visit both attractions conveniently in a single trip.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/@statueofunity.guide/nilkanth-dham-poicha-3cf9ac8bcc57|title=Nilkanth Dham Poicha|date=June 17, 2023}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Hindu temples in Gujarat]]
[[Category:21st-century Hindu temples]]
[[Category:2013 establishments in Gujarat]]

Rarandoi Veduka Chudham

2026-04-21T09:24:01Z

Moshiurrahmanatik:

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Rarandoi Veduka Chudham
| image = Rarandoi veduka chudham poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Kalyan Krishna Kurasala]]
| producer = [[Nagarjuna Akkineni]]
| story = Kalyan Krishna Kurasala
| screenplay = Satyanand
| starring = [[Naga Chaitanya]] [[Rakul Preet Singh]] [[Jagapathi Babu]] [[Sampath Raj]]
| music = [[Devi Sri Prasad]]
| cinematography = S. V. Vishweshwar
| editing = Gautham Raju
| studio = [[Annapurna Studios]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2017|5|26|ref1=<ref name="release">{{cite web |url=http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/movies/rarandoi-veduka-chudham/story.html |title=Ra Randoi Veduka Chudham (Banner) |work=Filmibeat |access-date=28 April 2017 |archive-date=23 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423064256/http://www.filmibeat.com/telugu/movies/rarandoi-veduka-chudham/story.html |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
| runtime = 150 minutes
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget = {{INR}}20 [[crore]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hooli |first=Shekhar H. |date=2017-05-29 |title=Rarandoi Veduka Chuddam 3-day box office collection: Naga Chaitanya's film grosses Rs 15 crore in 1st weekend |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/rarandoi-veduka-chuddam-3-day-box-office-collection-nagas-film-grosses-rs-15-crore-1st-weekend-728507 |access-date=2022-07-18 |website=IBTimes India |language=en |archive-date=18 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718164922/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/rarandoi-veduka-chuddam-3-day-box-office-collection-nagas-film-grosses-rs-15-crore-1st-weekend-728507 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| gross = {{Estimation}} {{INR}}50 [[crore]]<ref name="Box Office1"/><ref name="Box Office2"/>
}}

'''''Rarandoi Veduka Chudham''''' ({{translation|Come, let's watch the celebrations}}) is a 2017 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[romantic comedy]] film written and directed by [[Kalyan Krishna Kurasala]], and produced by [[Nagarjuna Akkineni]] under [[Annapurna Studios]] banner. It stars [[Naga Chaitanya]], [[Rakul Preet Singh]], [[Jagapathi Babu]] and [[Sampath Raj]]. The film was released on 26 May 2017.<ref>[http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Tollywood/2016-09-09/Rakul-Preet-to-romance-Chay/253059 "Rakul Preet Singh to romance Chay"]. The Hans India (9 September 2015). Retrieved 20 February 2016.</ref>

The music is composed by [[Devi Sri Prasad]], while cinematography is done by N. Vishweshwar and editing by Gautham Raju. The film received positive reviews and with a collection over {{INR}}50 [[crore]], it was termed a box office success.<ref name="Box Office1"/>

==Plot==
The film begins in a village following 3 best friends: Krishna, Adinarayana, and Prabhakar. Adi has a huge family, and one day, his elder sister Priya gets engaged. Ten days before her wedding she elopes. Due to a misunderstanding, Krishna is suspected, and the friendship turns into enmity. 25 years later, with Bhrahmaramba, the innocent and heavily pampered only daughter of Adi, who has little to no exposure to the outside world. She dreams of marrying a man who has the qualities of a prince, as said by her grandmother. Shiva, the son of Krishna, meets Bhrahmaramba in his brother Kishore's marriage with Bhramarambha's friend and falls in love with her at first sight. After playful encounters, they separate ways. Bhramarambha eventually comes to Vizag, Shiva's hometown, for her studies. She quickly finds out that Shiva lives in Vizag, and they spend a lot of time together, with her sharing everything with him. She tells him that she is not interested in a relationship with him. Shiva loves her but, fearing rejection, does not admit his feelings. Later, they get into an argument in which Shiva reveals both his love for her and his frustration with her insistence on waiting for a prince while not realizing what she already has. Bhramarambha furiously returns home and accepts a marriage proposal from her cousin out of anger. The rest of the story is about how Shiva finally makes Brahmaramba realize him as her prince and resolves disputes between both families.

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Naga Chaitanya]] as Shiva, Bhramaramba’s love interest
* [[Rakul Preet Singh]] as Bhramaramba “Bhrama”, Shiva’s love interest
** [[Avantika Vandanapu]] as young Bhramarambha
* [[Jagapathi Babu]] as Krishna, Shiva’s father & colleague
* [[Sampath Raj]] as Aadhinarayana
* [[Irshad (actor)|Irshad]] as Prabhakar
* [[Vennela Kishore]] as Kishore, Shiva’s friend
* [[Kausalya (actress)|Kousalya]] as Kaushalya, Aadhi's wife
* [[Annapoorna (actress)|Annapurna]] as Lakshmi, Aadhi's mother
* [[Chalapathi Rao]] as Suryanarayana, Aadhi's father
* [[Mamilla Shailaja Priya|Priya]] as Priya, Krishna’s wife
* Anitha Chowdary as Shiva's sister
* [[Pruthviraj Balireddy|Pruthviraj]] as Dorababu
* [[Banerjee (actor)|Banerjee]] as Banerjee
* Surekha Vani as Surekha
* [[Posani Krishna Murali]] as Rambabu
* [[Raghu Babu]] as Bhaskar
* [[Saptagiri (Telugu actor)|Saptagiri]] as Bangaram
* [[Madhunandan]] as Ravi
* [[Satya Krishnan]]
* [[Thagubothu Ramesh]] as Govind
* [[Duvvasi Mohan]]
* Chitti
* Prabhu
* [[Rajitha]]
{{colend}}

==Production==
The director of the film is Kalyan Krishna Kurasala. The film's first look was released on 28 March 2017 on Ugadi by [[Nagarjuna]] through his official [[Facebook]] page.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/nagarjuna-releases-son-naga-chaitanyas-look-in-his-upcoming-film-rarandoi-veduka-chudham-4591036/|title=Nagarjuna releases son Naga Chaitanya's look in his upcoming film Rarandoi Veduka Chudham|date=29 March 2017|access-date=15 April 2017|archive-date=16 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416045315/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/nagarjuna-releases-son-naga-chaitanyas-look-in-his-upcoming-film-rarandoi-veduka-chudham-4591036/|url-status=live}}</ref> Naga Chaitanya shared through Twitter that two posters of the film were released at the same time since Producer [[Nagarjuna]] and director Kalyan Krishna was not able to decide which poster to go with. It was Naga Chaitanya's third collaboration with music director Devi Sri Prasad after ''[[100% Love (2011 film)|100% Love]]'' and ''[[Dhada]]'' and first collaboration with director Kurasala.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rarandoi Veduka Chuddam trailer: Naga Chaitanya, Rakul Preet's chemistry is the high point. WATCH |work=The Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/rarandoi-veduka-chuddam-trailer-naga-chaitanya-rakul-preet-chemistry-is-unmissable-watch-video-4654240/lite/ |accessdate=30 May 2017}}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Rarandoi Veduka Chudham
| type = [[Soundtrack]]
| artist = [[Devi Sri Prasad]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2017|3|24}}
| recorded = 2016
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = Soundtrack
| length = 23:00
| label = [[Aditya Music]]
| producer = [[Devi Sri Prasad]]
| prev_title = [[Nenu Local]]
| prev_year = 2017
| next_title = [[Duvvada Jagannadham|DJ]]
| next_year = 2016
| misc = {{External media
| audio1 = {{YouTube|_LqPp9Ab2bI|Official Audio Jukebox}}
}}
}}

The music was composed by [[Devi Sri Prasad]] and was released on Aditya Music Company. The audio function was grandly held on 24 March 2017 at Annapurna Studios.
{{Track listing
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =
| collapsed =
| headline =
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Raarandoi Veduka Choodham
| length1 = 4:18
| lyrics1 = [[Ramajogayya Sastry]]
| extra1 = [[Ranjith (singer)|Ranjith]], [[Gopika Poornima]]
| title2 = Neevente Nenunte
| length2 = 3:50
| lyrics2 = [[Sri Mani]]
| extra2 = Kapil, [[Shweta Mohan]]
| title3 = Bhramarambaki
| length3 = 3:45
| lyrics3 = Sri Mani
| extra3 = Sagar
| title4 = Thakita Thakajham
| length4 = 3:53
| lyrics4 = Sri Mani
| extra4 = [[Javed Ali]]
| title5 = Break-Up
| length5 = 3:39
| lyrics5 = [[Bhaskarabhatla Ravi Kumar]]
| extra5 = Simha, Dhanunjay, [[Naga Chaitanya]] Dialogues
| title6 = Thakita Thakajham (Rock)
| length6 = 3:24
| lyrics6 = Sri Mani
| extra6 = Javed Ali
| total_length = 23:00
}}

== Reception ==
=== Box office ===
''Rarandoi Veduka Chudham'', in two days collected a total gross of {{INR}} 11.86 Crores and a share of {{INR}} 5.84 Crores worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/rarandoi-veduka-chuddam-day-2-box-office-collection-naga-rakuls-film-fares-well-saturday-728400|title=Rarandoi Veduka Chuddam day 2 box office collection: Naga-Rakul's film fares well on Saturday|website=International Business Times|date=2017-05-28|access-date=2019-12-26|archive-date=26 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226133724/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/rarandoi-veduka-chuddam-day-2-box-office-collection-naga-rakuls-film-fares-well-saturday-728400|url-status=live}}</ref> In its first week, the film collected a total gross of {{INR}} 32 crores and a share of {{INR}} 18.50 Crores worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/rarandoi-veduka-chuddam-7-day-box-office-collection-nagas-film-crosses-rs-30-crore-mark-week-1-729015|title=Rarandoi Veduka Chuddam 7-day box office collection: Naga's film crosses Rs 30 crore mark in week 1|website=International Business Times|date=2017-06-02|access-date=2019-12-26|archive-date=26 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226133719/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/rarandoi-veduka-chuddam-7-day-box-office-collection-nagas-film-crosses-rs-30-crore-mark-week-1-729015|url-status=live}}</ref> The film collected a total gross of {{INR}} 50 Crores and a share of {{INR}} 28 Crores worldwide in its lifetime run.<ref name="Box Office1">{{cite web|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2017-07-12/Naga-Chaitanya-Rakul-Preets-Rarandoi-Veduka-Chudam-joins-50-Cr-club/311801|title=Naga Chaitanya- Rakul Preet's Rarandoi Veduka Chudam joins 50 Cr club|website=The Hans India|date=2017-07-12|access-date=2019-12-27|archive-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227050829/https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2017-07-12/Naga-Chaitanya-Rakul-Preets-Rarandoi-Veduka-Chudam-joins-50-Cr-club/311801|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Box Office2">{{cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/rarandoi-veduka-chudam-gets-better-trps-bigg-boss-telugu-grand-finale-744646|title=Rarandoi Veduka Chudam collected Rs 50 crore gross at the worldwide box office in its lifetime|website=International Business Times|date=2017-10-06|access-date=2019-12-27|archive-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227050828/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/rarandoi-veduka-chudam-gets-better-trps-bigg-boss-telugu-grand-finale-744646|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the first weekend, ''Rarandoi Veduka Chudham'' beat movies like ''[[Sachin: A Billion Dreams]]'' at the US box office by collecting a total gross of {{USD}}369,672.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rarandoi Veduka Chudham box office: Naga Chaitanya, Nagarjuna declare the film a success |work=The Indian Express |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/rarandoi-veduka-chudham-box-office-naga-chaitanya-nagarjuna-film-success-4679059/ |accessdate=22 August 2017}}</ref>

=== Critical reception ===
''[[Firstpost]]'' gave 3 out of 5 stars and noted, "''Rarandoi Veduka Choodham'' ends up being a crowd-pleasing film in the end. The trick lies in making you yearn for the feeling of being together, despite all odds. It’s the theme of most family dramas in Telugu films and Rarandoi Veduka Choodham is no different".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/rarandoi-veduka-choodham-movie-review-struggles-to-find-rhythm-but-ends-up-a-crowd-pleaser-3484811.html|title=Rarandoi Veduka Choodham movie review: Struggles to find a rhythm but ends up a crowd pleaser|website=Firstpost|date=26 May 2017|access-date=7 October 2019|archive-date=7 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007202746/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/rarandoi-veduka-choodham-movie-review-struggles-to-find-rhythm-but-ends-up-a-crowd-pleaser-3484811.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

''IndiaGlitz'' gave 3 out of 5 stars and noted, "A wafer-thin and predictable story, 'RVC' comes with an excellent characterization of the heroine, and largely fine performances. Proper spacing of songs was needed. All said, there are elements that could appeal to family audiences".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/rarandoi-veduka-chudham-review-telugu-movie-21452|title=Rarandoi Veduka Chudham Movie Review|website=IndiaGlitz|access-date=7 October 2019|archive-date=7 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007073955/https://www.indiaglitz.com/rarandoi-veduka-chudham-review-telugu-movie-21452|url-status=live}}</ref>

''[[The Times of India]]'' gave 2.5 out of 5 stars and noted, "''Rarandoi Veduka Chudham'' uses the age-old run-of-the-mill set-up to establish the story and its characters. As far as the plot is concerned, there is nothing new that one can expect from the family drama - fathers pampering their children, children falling in love with the enemy’s son and the clichés. Finally, when things are set to take an offbeat turn, a simple clarification of a misunderstanding brings the plot to a happy ending; bummer!".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/rarandoi-veduka-chudham/movie-review/58855471.cms|title=RARANDOI VEDUKA CHUDHAM MOVIE REVIEW|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=7 October 2019|archive-date=28 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928230842/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/rarandoi-veduka-chudham/movie-review/58855471.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

''[[India Today]]'' gave 2 out of 5 stars and noted, "If you chose to overlook its shortcomings, ''Rarandoi Veduka Chudham'' should 'entertain' you. Director has assembled some of the finest comedians in the industry and hence, it cracks you up every now and then. Chaitanya's scenes with Vennela Kishore save the day."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/rarandoi-veduka-chudham-movie-review-naga-chaitanya-rakul-preet-singh-979474-2017-05-27|title=Rarandoi Veduka Chudham movie review: An 80s story sans any charm|newspaper=India Today|access-date=27 May 2017|archive-date=28 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928230842/https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/movies/reviews/story/rarandoi-veduka-chudham-movie-review-naga-chaitanya-rakul-preet-singh-979474-2017-05-27|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Award
!Category
!Recipient(s)
!Result
!Ref.
|-
| rowspan="2"|2017
| rowspan="2"|[[Zee Telugu|Zee Telugu Golden Awards]]
| Favorite Film of the Year
| ''Rarandoi Veduka Chudham''
| {{won}}
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/zee-telugu-golden-awards-2017-winners-list-photos-755196|title=Zee Telugu Golden Awards 2017 winners list and photos.|website=International Business Times|date=2018-01-01|access-date=2019-12-27|archive-date=8 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180608070256/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/zee-telugu-golden-awards-2017-winners-list-photos-755196|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/zee-telugu-golden-awards-2017-nomination-list-baahubali-2-gets-highest-nods-will-prabhas-get-753807|title=Zee Telugu Golden Awards 2017 nomination list: Baahubali 2 gets highest nods, will Prabhas get an award?|website=International Business Times|date=2017-12-19|access-date=2019-12-27|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402015134/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/zee-telugu-golden-awards-2017-nomination-list-baahubali-2-gets-highest-nods-will-prabhas-get-753807|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| Entertainer of the Year
| [[Naga Chaitanya]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan="2"|2018
| [[65th Filmfare Awards South|Filmfare Awards South]]
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Telugu|Best Actress – Telugu]]
| [[Rakul Preet Singh]]
| {{nom}}
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2018/telugu/nominations|title=TELUGU NOMINATIONS FOR FILMFARE AWARDS SOUTH 2018.|website=Filmfare|access-date=2019-12-27|archive-date=30 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330103232/https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-south-2018/telugu/nominations|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[7th South Indian International Movie Awards|South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| [[SIIMA Award for Best Lyricist (Telugu)|Best Lyricist (Telugu)]]
| [[Sri Mani]]
| {{nom}}
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tollywood.net/siima-awards-2018-list-of-nominations/|title=SIIMA Awards 2018 – List of nominations.|website=Tollywood.net|date=2018-08-05|access-date=2019-12-27|archive-date=7 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407140219/https://www.tollywood.net/siima-awards-2018-list-of-nominations/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 2019
| [[T. Subbarami Reddy|TSR]] – [[TV9 (Telugu)|TV9]] National Film Awards
| Best Actress
| Rakul Preet Singh
| {{won}}
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/balakrishna-nagarjuna-and-keerthy-suresh-among-tsr-tv9-film-award-winners-96844|title=Balakrishna, Nagarjuna and Keerthy Suresh among TSR-TV9 film award winners|website=The News Minute|date=2019-02-16|access-date=2019-12-27|archive-date=17 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217030056/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/balakrishna-nagarjuna-and-keerthy-suresh-among-tsr-tv9-film-award-winners-96844|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|6185674}}
{{Nagarjuna (actor)}}

[[Category:2017 films]]
[[Category:2017 Indian films]]
[[Category:2017 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:2017 romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Devi Sri Prasad]]
[[Category:Indian romantic action films]]
[[Category:Films set in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Films set in Visakhapatnam]]
[[Category:Films shot in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Films shot in Visakhapatnam]]
[[Category:Films directed by Kalyan Krishna]]
[[Category:Telugu films remade in other languages]]
[[Category:Annapurna Studios films]]

Naa Style Veru

2026-04-21T01:11:04Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: put up post

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Naa Style Veru
| image = Naa Style Veru.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Promotional poster
| native_name = 
| director = G. Ram Prasad
| writer = [[Kona Venkat]] (dialogues)
| screenplay =
| story = Dishira Film Unit
| based_on = {{Based on|''[[Hallo (film)|Hallo]]'' by [[Rafi Mecartin]]}}
| producer = Maganti Gopinath
| starring = [[Rajasekhar (actor)|Rajasekhar]] [[Bhumika Chawla]]
| narrator =
| cinematography = S. Arunkumar
| editing = [[Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao]]
| music = [[Anup Rubens]]
| studio = Dishira Productions
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2009|6|12}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Naa Style Veru''''' ({{Translation|My style is different}}) is a 2009 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[drama film]] directed by G. Ram Prasad and starring [[Rajasekhar (actor)|Rajasekhar]] and [[Bhumika Chawla]]. The film is a remake of the Malayalam film ''[[Hallo (film)|Hallo]]'' (2007). The film was released to negative reviews, but succeeded at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idlebrain.com/news/functions/successmeet-naastyleveru.html|title=Naa Style Veru success meet|date=16 June 2009|work=[[Idlebrain.com]]|access-date=8 May 2024}}</ref>

==Plot==
Since the death of his lover, Sivaram, an advocate, does not get along with his father, a magistrate, and his [[Assistant commissioner of police|ACP]] brother. Soon, he gets involved in helping a girl whose family is out to kill her.

== Cast ==
''Source''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2008/Dec/02/rajasekhars-style-obsession-7519.html|title=Rajasekhar's 'style' obsession|work=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=14 May 2012|access-date=8 May 2024}}</ref>
{{Cast listing|
*[[Rajasekhar (actor)|Rajasekhar]] as Sivaram
*[[Bhumika Chawla]] as Parvathy
*[[Brahmanandam]] as Appachan
*[[Ali (actor)|Ali]] as Johnny
*[[Venu Madhav (actor)|Venu Madhav]] as [[Sub-inspector|SI]] Rajalingam
*[[Annapurna (actress)|Annapurna]] as Rajyalakshmi
*[[Chalapathi Rao]] as Krishnam Raju
*[[Vijayakumar (Tamil actor)|Vijayakumar]] as Kalki Narayana Murthy
*[[Telangana Shakuntala]] as Shakuntala
*[[K. Viswanath]] as Raghavayya
*[[Ahuti Prasad]] as Raghavendra
*[[Paruchuri Brothers|Paruchuri Venkateswara Rao]] as Venkatachalam
*[[Giri Babu]] as [[Director general of police|DGP]] Rama Chandra Murthy
*[[Kadhal Dhandapani|Dhandapani]] as [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] Bhoopathi
*[[Raghu Babu]] as Prasad
*[[Jeeva (Telugu actor)|Jeeva]] as Narayana
*[[Nadhiya]] as Prabhavati
*[[Devaraj]] as Sripathi Rao
*[[Banerjee (actor)|Banerjee]] as [[Assistant commissioner of police|ACP]] Kishore
*[[Prudhvi Raj]] as Subrahmanyam
*[[Amit Tiwari]] as Madhukar
*[[Kaushal Manda]] as Praveen
*[[Ravi Prakash]] as Radha Krishna Simha
*[[Khayyum]] as Poonam
*[[Kirat Bhattal|Kirat]] as Divya
*[[Rajitha]] as Swarajya Lakshmi
*[[Geetha Singh]] as Soundarya
*Tarzan as [[Telangana]] Sakthi
*Surekha Vani
*Prabhavathi
*[[Karate Kalyani]]
}}

== Production ==
The film began production in December of 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://idlebrain.com/news/2000march20/news288.html|title=Raja Sekhar's Naa Style Veru|date=1 December 2008|work=[[Idlebrain.com]]|access-date=29 June 2024}}</ref> The film was expected to be a comeback for [[Bhumika Chawla]] after consecutive flops.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/tollywoods-comeback-queens/articleshow/4676843.cms|title=Tollywood's Comeback queens|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=20 June 2009|access-date=29 June 2024}}</ref> The film entered post-production in May 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/summer-potpourri/articleshow/4499832.cms|title=Summer potpourri|date=9 May 2009|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=29 June 2024}}</ref> The yellow car used in the film was placed at Gokul Theatre in [[Visakhapatnam]] as part of the film's promotions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thehinduimages.com/details-page.php?id=109110957&highlights=POSE|title='NAA STYLE VERU' CAR|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=8 June 2009|access-date=8 April 2024}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Naa Style Veru
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = [[Anup Rubens]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 20 April 2009
| recorded = 2009
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length =
| language = Telugu
| label = [[Aditya Music]]
| producer =
| chronology =
| prev_title = House Full
| prev_year = 2009
| next_title = [[Seeta Ramula Kalyanam Lankalo]]
| next_year = 2010
| misc =
}}
The music was composed by [[Anup Rubens]] and was written by [[Bhaskarabhatla]] and Vijaykumar.{{cn|date=October 2024}}

# "Elare Ela Ela" - [[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[Geetha Madhuri]]
# "Oh Oh Jane Jana" - Geetha Madhuri
# "Aate Aadana" - Pranavi
# "Guppedu Gundello" - [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], [[Gopika Poornima]]
# "Kottu Kottu" - [[Tippu (singer)|Tippu]], Raju, [[Jai Srinivas]]
# "Oh Oh Jane Jana" - Geetha Madhuri

== Release ==
The film was initially scheduled to release on 5 June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idlebrain.com/news/2000march20/news289.html|title=Naa Style Veru on 5 June|date=26 May 2009|work=[[Idlebrain.com]]|access-date=29 June 2024}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|1579641}}

[[Category:2009 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:2009 action comedy films]]
[[Category:2009 films]]
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the Andhra Pradesh Police]]
[[Category:Films about alcoholism]]
[[Category:Films about kidnapping in India]]
[[Category:Films about lawyers]]
[[Category:Films about mobile phones]]
[[Category:Films about sham marriage]]
[[Category:Films set in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Films shot in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Films shot in Munnar]]
[[Category:Indian action comedy films]]
[[Category:Indian action thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian chase films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian crime action films]]
[[Category:Indian crime comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Indian crime thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian gangster films]]
[[Category:Indian nonlinear narrative films]]
[[Category:Indian political action films]]
[[Category:Indian rape and revenge films]]
[[Category:Telugu remakes of Malayalam films]]
[[Category:Indian remakes of American films]]
[[Category:Films about police misconduct]]

Lalthansanga

2026-04-19T23:47:36Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: put up a stub

{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Lalthansanga
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Lalthansanga (Minister).jpg
| alt =
| caption = Lalthansanga in 2025
| office = [[Lalduhoma ministry|Minister of Sericulture of Mizoram]]
| term_start = 8 December 2023
| term_end =
| governor = [[Kambhampati Hari Babu]] [[V. K. Singh]]
| 1blankname = Chief Minister
| 1namedata = [[Lalduhoma]]
| predecessor = [[Lalrinawma]]
| successor =
| office1 = [[Lalduhoma ministry|Minister of Fisheries of Mizoram]]
| term_start1 = 8 December 2023
| term_end1 =
| governor1 = [[Kambhampati Hari Babu]] [[V. K. Singh]]
| 1blankname1 = Chief Minister
| 1namedata1 = [[Lalduhoma]]
| predecessor1 = K Lalrinliana
| successor1 =
| office2 = [[Lalduhoma ministry|Minister of Environment, Forests and Climate Change of Mizoram]]
| term_start2 = 8 December 2023
| term_end2 =
| governor2 = [[Kambhampati Hari Babu]] [[V. K. Singh]]
| 1blankname2 = Chief Minister
| 1namedata2 = [[Lalduhoma]]
| predecessor2 = T J Lalnuntluanga
| successor2 =
| office3 = [[Lalduhoma ministry|Minister of Land Resources, Soil and Water Conservation of Mizoram]]
| term_start3 = 8 December 2023
| term_end3 =
| governor3 = [[Kambhampati Hari Babu]] [[V. K. Singh]]
| 1blankname3 = Chief Minister
| 1namedata3 = [[Lalduhoma]]
| predecessor3 = [[R Lalzirliana]]
| successor3 =
| office5 = [[Mizoram Legislative Assembly|Member of the Mizoram Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start5 = December 2023
| term_end5 =
| predecessor5 = [[Zoramthanga]]
| successor5 =
| constituency5 = [[Aizawl East 1 Assembly constituency|Aizawl East 1]]
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1963|01|09|df=y}}
| birth_place = Zarkawt, [[Aizawl]]
| party = [[Zoram People's Movement]] (since 2017)
| other_party =
| spouse = Malsawmtluangi
| relations =
| children =
| mother =
| father = Lianzama
| relatives =
| education = B.A (2nd year)
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Farming
| profession =
| known_for =
| salary =
| cabinet =
| committees =
| awards = 
| signature =
}}

'''Lalthansanga''' is an Indian politician from [[Mizoram]], who is currently the Cabinet Minister for Environment
Forests & Climate Change, Sericulture, Fisheries, Land Resources, Soil & Water Conservation Departments for the [[Government of Mizoram]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Mizoram ministers list 2023: Full list of ministers and their portfolios in Lalduhoma cabinet |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/mizoram-ministers-list-2023-full-list-of-ministers-and-their-portfolios-in-lalduhoma-cabinet/3333266/ |website=financialexpress.com |access-date=28 December 2023}}</ref>

He was elected to the [[Mizoram Legislative Assembly]] for the [[Aizawl East 1 Assembly constituency]] in the 2023 general election as a candidate for the [[Zoram People's Movement]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Aizawl East 1 Assembly Election Results 2023: ZPM's Lalthansanga wins from Aizawl East 1 constituency |url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/elections/mizoram-assembly-elections-2023/story/aizawl-east-1-assembly-election-results-2023-zpms-lalthansanga-wins-from-aizawl-east-1-constituency-720798-2023-12-04 |website=indiatodayne.in |access-date=29 December 2023}}</ref>

==Career==
Lalthansanga was previously a member of the [[Mizoram People's Conference]]. He was the vice president of MPC, but resigned from the party to join [[Zoram People's Movement]] in 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Who is ZPM's Lalthansanga, who defeated Mizoram CM Zoramthanga in Aizawl? |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/who-is-zpms-lalthansanga-man-who-defeated-mizoram-cm-zoramthanga-in-aizawl-east-i-election-results-2023-mnf-101701679119242.html |website=hindustantimes.com |access-date=29 December 2023}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Council of Ministers of Mizoram|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Politicians from Mizoram]]
[[Category:People from Aizawl district]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Mizo people]]
[[Category:Zoram People's Movement politicians]]
[[Category:Mizoram MLAs 2023–2028]]
[[Category:1962 births]]

{{Mizoram-politician-stub}}

S. M. Sikri

2026-04-17T17:01:31Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: put up some article added tags.

{{short description|13th Chief Justice of India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = Hon'ble Justice
| name = S. M. Sikri
| image = [[File:S. M. Sikri's portrait.jpg]]
| order = 13th
| office = Chief Justice of India
| term_start = 22 January 1971
| term_end = 25 April 1973
| appointer = [[Varahagiri Venkata Giri|V. V. Giri]]
| predecessor = [[J. C. Shah]]
| successor = [[Ajit Nath Ray]]
| office2 = Judge of the [[Supreme Court of India]]
| term_start2 = 3 February 1964
| term_end2 = 25 April 1973
| nominator2 = [[P. B. Gajendragadkar]]
| appointer2 = [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]]
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| office3 = [[Advocate general (India)|Advocate General]] for [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| term_start3 = 1 November 1956
| term_end3 = 2 February 1964
| appointer3 = [[Chandeshwar Prasad Narayan Singh]]
| predecessor3 = ''office established''
| successor3 = S. K. Kapur
| birth_date = {{birth date|1908|04|26|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Kabirwala]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1992|09|24|1908|04|26|df=y}}
| death_place =
| spouse =
| party =
| relations =
| children =
| alma_mater = [[Trinity College, Cambridge]]
| occupation =
| profession =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Sarv Mittra Sikri''' (26 April 1908 – 24 September 1992) was an Indian lawyer and judge who served as the 13th [[Chief Justice of India]].<ref name=sci-smsikri>{{cite web|url=http://www.supremecourtofindia.nic.in/judges/bio/smsikri.htm|title=Sarv Mittra Sikri|publisher=Supreme Court of India|accessdate=2012-06-24}}</ref>

He previously served as the first [[Advocate general (India)|Advocate-General]] for [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], before becoming the first judge of the [[Supreme Court of India]], to be directly appointed from the Bar. Additionally, he is the first of only two judges to be CJI, directly from the Bar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CJI NV Ramana recommends Justice UU Lalit's name to Centre as the 49th Chief Justice of India |url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/cji-nv-ramana-recommends-justice-uu-lalits-name-to-centre-as-the-49th-chief-justice-of-india-11008411.html/amp |access-date=2022-08-23 |website=Firstpost |date=4 August 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

==Biography==
Sikri was born in Lahore on 26 April 1908.<ref name=sci-sikri>{{cite web|url=http://www.supremecourtofindia.nic.in/judges/rcji/13smsikri.htm|title=Hon'ble Mr. Justice S.M. Sikri|publisher=Supreme Court of India|accessdate=2012-06-24}}</ref> He moved to London to study medicine, but switched to law, studying at [[Trinity College, Cambridge]].<ref name="sci-smsikri"/> Before returning to [[Lahore]] in 1930, he served as a [[barrister-at-law]] at [[Lincoln's Inn]], in London.

He began his legal practise in the chambers of Jagannath Agarwal, who was a leading advocate in the [[Lahore High Court]] and practiced criminal and civil law. Following [[independence of India|independence]], he was appointed the Assistant Advocate General of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]] in 1949 and soon as the advocate general in 1951. Held the same position almost entirely until his elevation as a judge of the Supreme Court of India in 1964.<ref name="Full Court Reference">{{cite web|url=https://www.ebc-india.com/lawyer/articles/92v4a3.htm|title=Full Court Reference|publisher=[[Supreme Court of India]]}}</ref>

As an advocate, he appeared and practised in various courts, ranging from the Lahore High Court and other courts in Punjab to the [[Federal Court of India]] and eventually the Supreme Court of India.<ref name="S. M. Sikri">{{cite web|url=https://www.scobserver.in/judges/s-m-sikri/|title=S.M. Sikri|publisher=SCO}}</ref>

==Notable judgements==
''[[I.C. Golaknath and Ors. v. State of Punjab and Anrs.]]'' had him a part of the thin majority of 6:5, in which the court reversed its earlier decision which had upheld Parliament's power to amend all parts of the Constitution, including Part III related to Fundamental Rights. The judgement left Parliament with no power to curtail Fundamental Rights.<ref name="Full Court Reference"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{S-start}}
{{s-legal}}
{{succession box | before = [[Jayantilal Chhotalal Shah]] | title = [[Chief Justice of India]] | years =January 22, 1971– April 25, 1973| after =[[Ajit Nath Ray]]}}
{{S-end}}

{{Chief Justices of India}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sikri, Sarv Mittra}}
[[Category:Chief justices of India]]
[[Category:1908 births]]
[[Category:1992 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian lawyers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian judges]]

{{India-law-bio-stub}}

Bhinmal Assembly constituency

2026-04-16T04:32:59Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Created info

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Rajasthan State, India}}{{expand list|date=June 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Bhinmal
| map_image = Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan-143-Bhinmal.svg
| mla = [[Samarjit Singh]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| state = [[Rajasthan]]
| district = [[Jalore district|Jalore]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Jalore Lok Sabha constituency|Jalore]]
| established = 1972
| reservation = None
| electors = {{formatnum:308859}}<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/eci-backend/public/all_files/full-statistical-reports/rajasthan/2023/Detailed_Results.pdf |title=State Election,2023 to the legislative assembly of Rajasthan |website=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 12 February 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>{{update after|2029|1}}
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 143
}}
'''Bhinmal Assembly constituency''' is one of the 200 [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Rajasthan]] state in [[India]].<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3931-delimitation-of-parliamentary-assembly-constituencies-order-2008/ |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies Order - 2008 |website=Election Commission of India |date=26 November 2008 |accessdate= 12 February 2021}}</ref><ref name=ceomap>{{cite web |url=https://ceorajasthan.nic.in/map/RAJASTHAN_ACS_MAP/RAJASTHAN_ACS_MAP.pdf |title=New Assembly Constituencies |website=ceorajasthan.nic.in |date=25 January 2006| access-date=12 February 2021}}</ref> It is a part of [[Jalore Lok Sabha constituency]], and comprises [[Bagora tehsil]] and parts of [[Bhinmal tehsil]], both in [[Jalore district]].<ref name=delimitation2008/> As of 2023, it is represented by [[Samarjit Singh]] of the [[Indian National Congress]].{{update after|2029|2}}

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Member
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[2003 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2003]]
|[[Samarjit Singh]]<ref name=election2003>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3403-rajasthan-2003/ |title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election 2003 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=14 January 2022 |url-access=limited}}</ref>
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[2008 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2008]]<ref name=election2008>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3407-rajasthan-2008/|title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election 2008 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021}}</ref>
|rowspan=3| [[Poora Ram Choudhary]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[2013 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2013]]<ref name=election2013>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3411-rajasthan-2013/ |title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election 2013 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021}}</ref>
|-
|[[2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2018]]<ref name=election2018/>
|-
|[[2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
|[[Samarjit Singh]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|}

== Election results ==
=== 2023 ===
{{Election box begin
|title = [[2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election]]: Bhinmal<ref name="election2023"/>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Samarjit Singh
|votes = {{formatnum:97157}}
|percentage = 47.79
|change = +9.93
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Poora Ram
|votes = {{formatnum:96130}}
|percentage = 47.28
|change = +4.14
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Ramesh Kumar Bhandari
|votes = {{formatnum:2234}}
|percentage = 1.1
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Abhinav Rajasthan Party
|candidate = Krishna Kumar Rajpurohit
|votes = {{formatnum:2100}}
|percentage = 1.03
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:4084}}
|percentage = 2.01
|change = +0.1
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:1027}}
|percentage = 0.51
|change = -4.77
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:203320}}
|percentage = 65.83
|change = -0.41
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2018 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election]]: Bhinmal<ref name=election2018>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9645-statistical-data-of-rajasthan-la-2018/ |title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan LA 2018 |website=Election Commission of India |date= |accessdate= 12 February 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = [[Poora Ram Choudhary]]
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = {{formatnum:78893}}
|percentage = 43.14
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Samarjit Singh
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = {{formatnum:69247}}
|percentage = 37.86
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Ramesh
|votes = {{formatnum:13564}}
|percentage = 7.42
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Krishan Kumar
|votes = {{formatnum:6434}}
|percentage = 3.52
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Aam Aadmi Party
|candidate = Nanda Devi
|votes = {{formatnum:5535}}
|percentage = 3.03
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Rekharam
|votes = {{formatnum:2055}}
|percentage = 1.12
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:3492}}
|percentage = 1.91
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:9646}}
|percentage = 5.28
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:182892}}
|percentage = 66.24
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = BJP
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Jalore district]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan}}

{{coord|25|72.27|display=title}}

[[Category:Jalore district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Politics of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1972]]
[[Category:1972 establishments in Rajasthan]]

Karna I

2026-04-05T20:24:45Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: done

{{Short description|King of Gujarat from 1064 to 1092}}
{{use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox royalty
| succession = King of Gujarat
| title = Trailokyamalla
| reign = c. 1064–1092 CE
| predecessor = [[Bhima I]]
| successor = [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]]
| spouse = Mayanalladevi
| issue = [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]]
| house = [[Chaulukya]] (Solanki)
| house-type = Dynasty
| father = Bhima I
| mother = Udayamati
}}
<mapframe text="[[Find spot]]s of inscriptions issued during the reign of Karna I{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|pp=498-499}}" width="400" height="400" zoom="5" longitude="72.73" latitude="22.73">
{
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": [
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": { "marker-symbol": "monument", "title": "[[Ladol, Gujarat|Ladol]]" },
"geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [72.7289768, 23.6176825] }
},
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": { "marker-symbol": "monument", "title": "[[Navasari]]" },
"geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [73.1349605, 20.7694591] }
},
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": { "marker-symbol": "monument", "title": "[[Sunak, India|Sunak]]" },
"geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [72.3222331, 23.8018886] }
}
]
}
</mapframe>
'''Karna''' ({{r.c.}} 1064–1092 CE) was a [[Chaulukya]] king who ruled the present-day [[Gujarat]] and surrounding areas, from his capital [[Anahilapataka]] (modern Patan) in India.

Karna succeeded his father [[Bhima I]], who had invaded the [[Paramara dynasty|Paramara]] kingdom of [[Malwa]] at the time of [[Bhoja]]'s death. Karna was forced to retreat from Malwa by Bhoja's brother [[Udayaditya]]. He annexed [[Lata (region)|Lata]] to the Chaulukya territory by defeating a [[Kalachuris of Tripuri|Kalachuri]] general, but lost it within a few years. He also suffered a defeat against the [[Chahamanas of Naddula]], who raided the Chaulukya capital during his reign.

Karna is credited with defeating a [[Bhil]] chief of [[Ashaval|Ashapalli]], and laying the foundation of the Karnavati city, identified with the modern [[Ahmedabad]] in western [[India]]. Karna married Mayanalladevi,{{efn-ua|According to [[Madhusudan Dhaky|M. A. Dhaky]], the correct spelling of her name is {{transliteration|kn|Mailaldevi}} as in [[Kannada language]].{{sfn|M. A. Dhaky|2002|pp=135–139}}}} who was the mother of his son and successor [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]].

== Early life ==

Karna was born to the Chaulukya monarch [[Bhima I]] and Queen Udayamati. According to the 12th century Jain chronicler [[Hemachandra]], Bhima had three sons: Mularaja, Kshemaraja, and Karna. Mularaja died during Bhima's lifetime.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=56}} Kshemaraja, the elder surviving son, renounced his rights to the throne, and retired to Dadhisthali as an ascetic.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=89}} Bhima then placed Karna on the throne and retired. After becoming the king, Karna sent Kshemaraja's son Devaprasada to Dadisthali to take care of his father.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=56}}

The veracity of Hemachandra is doubtful, and is not corroborated by any historical evidence. The 14th century chronicler Merutunga states that Bhima's three sons were Mularaja, Karna and Haripala. Of these, Haripala was born of a concubine named Bakuladevi. According to historian A. K. Majumdar, Merutunga's account appears to be more satisfactory, since voluntary rejections of thrones were very rare. Karna may have banished his half-brother and nephew to eliminate any rival claimants to the throne. Hemachandra was a royal courtier of Karna's son [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]] as well [[Kumarapala (Chaulukya dynasty)|Kumarapala]] (a descendant of Kshemaraja/Haripala). Therefore, he probably invented a fictional narrative to avoid mentioning Bhima's illegitimate son as an ancestor of his patron. This theory is corroborated by the fact that Jayasimha Siddharaja hated Kumarapala.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|pp=55-56}}

Karna bore the title Trailokyamalla.{{sfn|Dasharatha Sharma|1959|p=128}}

== Military career ==

=== Paramaras of Malwa ===

Karna was a contemporary of his [[Kalachuris of Tripuri|Kalachuri]] namesake Karna (also known as Lakshmi-Karna). Karna's father [[Bhima I]] had formed an alliance with the Lakshmi-Karna to defeat the [[Paramara dynasty|Paramara]]s of [[Malwa]]. The Paramara king [[Bhoja]] died as the alliance attacked Malwa, and a war of succession broke out between the Paramara relatives [[Jayasimha I (Paramara dynasty)|Jayasimha I]] and [[Udayaditya]]. Lakshmi-Karna seems to have occupied Malwa for sometime, but he soon suffered a series defeats against other neighbouring kings, and Bhima broke away from him.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=57}}

Udayaditya ultimately ascended the Paramara throne in Malwa. The Chaulukya inscriptions and chronicles claim that Karna defeated the new Paramara king. An inscription from [[Kumarapala (Chaulukya dynasty)|Kumarapala]]'s reign states that Karna defeated the Malwa monarch at the Sudakupa pass. The Gujarat chronicler Arisimha claims that Karna brought a statue of [[Shiva|Nilakantha]] to Gujarat as a result of his victory against the Malwa ruler.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=57}} Another Gujarat poet Someshvara claims that Karna overran Malwa, and the Paramara priest magically invoked an evil spirit to defeat him. However, Karna's priest Ama (who was an ancestor of Someshvara), turned this evil spirit against the Paramara priest, who was killed as a result.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=58}}

The non-Chaulukya records, on the other hand, suggest that Udayaditya defeated Karna. According to the Paramara inscriptions, Udayaditya defeated three kings to ascend the Paramara throne. One of these three kings was Karna, who is identified with the Chaulukya king.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=57}} [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari|Chahamana]] chronicle ''[[Prithviraja Vijaya]]'' states that the Chahamana king [[Vigraharaja III]] gave a horse named Saranga to Udayaditya, with whose help Udayaditya defeated Karna.{{sfn|R. B. Singh|1964|p=127}}The [[Jainad]] inscription of Udayaditya's son [[Jagaddeva (Paramara dynasty)|Jagaddeva]] also mentions that he subdued Karna, and made the wives of the Gurjara warriors cry.{{sfn|H. V. Trivedi|1991|pp=93-97}} These evidences indicate that the Paramara claims of victory over Karna pertain to the Chaulukya Karna (and not the Kalachuri Karna).{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=58}}

These opposing claims indicate that Karna defeated Udayaditya at first, but then Udayaditya was able to defeat him and ascend the throne of Malwa with Chahamana support. Udayaditya's son Jagaddeva seems to have accompanied his father in the battle against Karna.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|pp=57-58}}

=== Kalachuris of Tripuri ===

After the death of the [[Paramara dynasty|Paramara]] king [[Bhoja]], the [[Kalachuris of Tripuri]] briefly occupied [[Malwa]]. The Kalachuri general Vapullaka also conquered the [[Lata (region)|Lata region]] (present-day south Gujarat), which was located between the Chaulukya and the Paramara kingdoms. By 1074 CE, Lata was under Chaulukya control, as attested by one of Karna's [[Navsari]] inscription. Thus, it appears that Karna expelled the Kalachuris from Lata, and annexed the region to the Chaulukya kingdom.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=59}}

Karna's victory appears to have been achieved during the reign of the Kalachuri king Yashah-Karna, as suggested by a verse of the Gujarat poet Someshvara. This verse talks about how the rivalry between the legendary heroes [[Karna]] and [[Arjuna]] resulted in Arjuna's ''yashah'' (fame) being driven away.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=59}} It appears that Karna lost Lata to one Trivikramapala within three years, but the region was recaptured by his son [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]].{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=60}}

=== Other campaigns ===

The [[Chahamanas of Naddula]] invaded the Chaulukya kingdom during Karna's reign. According to their [[Sundha Mata Temple|Sundha Hill]] inscription, the Chahamana ruler [[Prithvipala]] defeated Karna, and his successor [[Jojalladeva]] occupied the Chaulukya capital [[Anahilapataka]] by force. It is possible that the Naddula Chahamanas raided the Chaulukya capital while Karna was busy at another place.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=60}}

According to a ''[[Alexander Kinloch Forbes|Ras-Mala]]'' account based on the writings of the 14th century chronicler Merutunga, Karna defeated the [[Bhil people|Bhils]] and the [[Koli people|Kolis]]. The two tribes lived between the [[Rann of Kutch]] and the [[Sabarmati River]], and plundered the Chaulukya territories. As a result, Karna led a series of expeditions against them. In one such campaign, he defeated a Bhil chief named Asha (Āśā), who lived at [[Ashaval|Ashapalli]]. According to Merutunga, Karna established the city of Karnavati after this victory. Karnavati is identified with modern [[Ahmedabad]] by some, but this is not certain.{{sfn|Tommaso Bobbio|2015|p=164}}

[[Bilhana]]'s poem ''Karna-Sundari'', which presents Karna as a hero, claims that he conquered [[Sindh]]. But this claim is historically inaccurate.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=60}}

Two relatively late texts suggest that Karna was defeated by the [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari|Chahamana]] king [[Durlabharaja III]]. The 14th century text ''[[Prabandha Kosha]]'' claims that Durlabha defeated the [[Gurjaradesa|Gurjara]] king, brought him to the Chahamana capital [[Ajmer]] in chains and forced him to sell [[yogurt]] in a market. The 15th century ''[[Hammira Mahakavya]]'' claims that Karna was killed in a battle against Durlabha. However, this claim is historically inaccurate: Durlabha died around 1070 CE, while Karna lived until 1092 CE. Moreover, the earlier Chahamana records (such as ''[[Prithviraja Vijaya]]'') do not mention any such conflict. It is possible that Durlabha achieved a minor military success against Karna, which was magnified into a major victory by the later [[panegyrist]]s.{{sfn|R. B. Singh|1964|p=125}}

== Personal life ==

Karna married Mayanalla, a daughter of the [[Kadambas of Goa|Kadamba]] king Jayakeshi I (r. c. 1050–1080). The various legends provide contradictory accounts of how this marriage happened. According to Hemachandra's 12th century ''Dvyashraya'', Mayanalla was an extremely beautiful Kadamba princess. She once saw Karna's painting by a [[Buddhist art|Buddhist]] artist. Enamoured by Karna's looks, she rejected all other suitors, and resolved to marry him. With the approval of her father Jayakeshi, she sent an artist to Karna's court with her own portrait. The Kadamba king also sent gifts for Karna, including an elephant. When Karna went out in the garden to check out the gifted elephant, he found the princess waiting for him. He verified her identity by asking certain questions, and then married her.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=61}}

According to Merutunga's 14th century ''[[Prabandha-Chintamani]]'', Mayanalla-devi was an ugly princess of [[Karnata]]. One day, she remembered her [[reincarnation|past life]]. In that past life, she was a devout [[Shaivite]], who had planned to visit the [[Somanath]] temple in Gujarat. However, she was stopped at Bahuloda for being unable to pay a pilgrim tax imposed by the rulers of Gujarat. When Mayanalla recalled this incident from her past life, she decided to marry the king of Gujarat and waive this unfair tax. At her insistence, her father Jayakeshi sent a [[marriage proposal]] to Karna, but Karna rejected the ugly princess. Mayanalla then came to Karna's court with her eight female companions, and threatened to commit suicide. Karna still refused to marry her, but unable to witness their deaths, Karna's mother Udayamati declared that she would die with the girls. As a result, Karna had to relent. He married Mayanalla, but kept neglecting her. Ultimately, she was able to win him over with help of a minister.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|pp=61-62}} Later, she convinced their son [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]] to waive the pilgrim tax. This is also attested by another chronicler.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=64}}

The Kashmiri poet [[Bilhana]] also appears to allude to this incident. He stayed at Karna's court for sometime, and composed the poetic drama ''Karna-Sundari'', which presents Karna as a hero. According to this work, Karna dreamt of the princess (called Karnasundari, or "Karna's beautiful woman"), and decided to marry her. His jealous queen attempted to get him married to a boy disguised in Karnasundari's dress. However, Karna's clever minister foiled her plan by replacing the boy with the real Karnasundari.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=60}} Although Bilhana was a contemporary of Karna, his account is the least accurate one, because it is intended to be a drama.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=62}} Nevertheless, his account is helpful in estimating the date of this marriage. Bilhana probably left Karna's court somewhere between 1072 and 1078 CE. Assuming that Karnasundari is same as Mayanalla, Karna's marriage to her would have taken place sometime before this.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=63}}

It is difficult to determine whether Mayanalla was beautiful (as claimed by Hemachandra and Bilhana), or ugly (as claimed by Merutunga). Both Hemachandra and Bilhana wrote under Chaulukya patronage, so they had a vested interest in portraying Karna's queen in a positive light. Merutunga was not under any such pressure, but his account is fanciful and full of historical inaccuracies. For example, he claims that Jayakeshi's father was Shubhakeshi (it was actually Shashthi II).{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=63}} Merutunga further provides an absurd account of how Shubhakeshi chose to die with a tree in a [[wildfire]], because he was grateful to the tree for having given him shade during a journey.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=61}}

== Religion and constructions==
<gallery>
File:Modhera SunTemple.JPG|''Rangamandapa'' and ''[[torana]]'' at [[Sun Temple, Modhera]]
File:Brahmaji Temple of Khedbrahma2.jpg|[[Brahma Temple, Khedbrahma]]
File:Nilakantha Mahadeva Hindu Temple, Sunak Gujarat.jpg|Nilkantha Mahadev temple, Sunak
File:1885 photo of Hindu temple ruins at Dilmal, Gujarat, India.jpg|Limboji Mata temple, Delmal
</gallery>

Like his predecessors, Karna was a [[Shaivite]], and is said to have built three temples. According to the 14th century chronicler Merutunga, he built a temple dedicated to the goddess Kochharba at Ashapalli after defeating its Bhil chief Asha. He also established the Karnavati city nearby, where he commissioned the Karneshvara and Jayantidevi temples. He also built the Karnasagara tank at [[Gambhu]] near [[Modhera]] and Karnavati. In his capital Anahilapataka (now Patan), he erected the Karnameru temple.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=65}}{{sfn|S. B. Rajyagor|1975|p=791}} He is also ascribed a ''[[stepwell|vapi]]'' at Bhadravati ([[Bhadreshwar]]). According to [[Hemachandra]], Karna repaired a temple of the goddess [[Lakshmi]], and prayed her for a son; as a result of the Lakshmi's blessings, [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]] was born to him.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=67}} His minister Shantu built Shantu Vasatika at Karnavati, Patan, Vanka and Nihala. His another minister Munjala built Munjala Vasati at Patan somewhere before 1900 CE. Saliga Jinalaya or Sagal Vasatika was built in [[Khambhat]] before 1094 CE. None of these temples survives. According to ''Bhaktamara-stotra-vritti'', Shreshthi Chanaka built Adinath temple at Patan. Minister Dhavala, nephew of Vimala, constructed Revanta-prasada. Vayatiya Vasati at Ashapalli probably constructed in early years of Karna, existed before Udayana arrived there. Udayana-vihaea in Karnavati was completed in 1093 CE. The temple is discussed in Mahendrasuri's ''Vadasthala'' and its rejoiner ''Prabodhyavadasthala'' by Jinapatisuri as it had raised controversies in 1192 regarding its sanctity due to its consecration by a ''Chaityavasi'' abbot.{{sfn|M. A. Dhaky|1961|pp=37–42, 76–77}}

Based on style-critical analysis, the ''rangamandapa'' and ''[[torana]]'' at [[Sun Temple, Modhera]] is ascribed the early years of Karna's reign. The extant temples built during this period include the [[Brahma Temple, Khedbrahma|Brahma temple]] at [[Khedbrahma]], the Limboji Mata temple at Delmal, Nilkantha Mahadev temple at Sunak, the completely ruined Vishnu Temple on the bank of lake at Ganja, Dugdheshwara Mahadev temple at Madrodpur in Kheralu Taluka of [[Mehsana district]]. [[Kumbharia Jain temples|Shantinatha Jain temple of the group of temples]] at [[Kumbhariya, Banaskantha district|Kumbhariya]] belongs to this period. Lakulisha Temple at [[Pavagadh]] is stylistically attributed to this period.{{sfn|M. A. Dhaky|1961|pp=37–42, 76–77}}

Karna was also tolerant towards [[Jainism]], as evident from Rajashekhara's 15th century commentary on Sridhara's ''Nyaya-Kandali''. One legend claims that as Karna became a disciple of Vardhamana Suri, but this is historically inaccurate since Vardhamana Suri had [[sallekhana|starved himself to death]] at an earlier date.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=65}}

According to [[Someshvara (13th-century poet)|Someshvara]]'s ''Surathotsava Mahakavya'', his ancestor Ama-sharman served as a priest (''purohita'') to Karna. The Chaulukya kings gave Ama-sharman a considerable amount of wealth, which he used to build Shiva shrines, dig ponds, and make donations to the poor. Someshvara claims that during Karna's invasion of Dhara, the priest of Dhara produced a demoness (''krtya''); Ama-sharman used [[mantras]] (chants) to protect Karna and defeat the demoness.{{sfn|B. J. Sandesara|1953|p=45}}

==In popular culture==

The story of Karandev (Karna), Minaldevi (Mayanalla) and their son Siddhraj (Jayasimha Siddharaja) is depicted in the [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] historical fiction ''[[Patan trilogy|Patan ni Prabhuta]]'' (The Glory of Patan) by [[K. M. Munshi|Kanhaiyalal Munshi]].{{sfn|Shvetal Vyas Pare|2014|p=601}}

==Notes==
{{notelist-ua}}

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

=== Bibliography ===

{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |author=Asoke Kumar Majumdar |title=Chaulukyas of Gujarat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ffAdAAAAMAAJ |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan |year=1956 |oclc=4413150 }}
* {{cite book |author=B. J. Sandesara |author-link=Bhogilal Sandesara |title=Literary Circle of Mahāmātya Vastupāla and its Contribution to Sanskrit Literature |series=Singhi Jain Series |year=1953 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5tljAAAAMAAJ}}
* {{cite book |author=Dasharatha Sharma |title=Early Chauhān Dynasties |publisher=S. Chand / Motilal Banarsidass |year=1959 |isbn=9780842606189 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n4gcAAAAMAAJ }}
* {{cite book |author=Harihar Vitthal Trivedi |series=Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum |volume=VII |title=Inscriptions of the Paramāras, Chandēllas, Kachchapaghātas, and two minor dynasties (Part 2) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8B4LAQAAMAAJ |year=1991 |publisher=[[Archaeological Survey of India]] |doi=10.5281/zenodo.1451755 |ref={{harvid|H. V. Trivedi|1991}} }} [https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.108214/page/n5/mode/2up Via Internet Archive]
* {{cite journal |author=Madhusudan A. Dhaky |author-link=Madhusudan Dhaky|year=1961|editor-last=Deva|editor-first=Krishna|title=The Chronology of the Solanki Temples of Gujarat |journal=Journal of the Madhya Pradesh Itihas Parishad|volume=3|publisher=Madhya Pradesh Itihas Parishad|location=[[Bhopal]] |url=http://vmis.in/Resources/digital_publication_popup?id=136#page/30|ref={{harvid|M. A. Dhaky|1961}}}}
* {{Cite book|author=M. A. Dhaky|title=Nirgranth Aitihasik Lekh-Samucchay|publisher=Shreshthi Kasturbhai Lalbhai Smaraknidhi|year=2002|editor-last=Shah|editor-first=Jitendra B.|volume=1 |location=Ahmedabad |script-title=gu: નિર્ગ્રંથ ઐતિહાસિક લેખ-સમુચ્ચય |chapter='મીનળદેવી'નું અસલી અભિધાન|trans-chapter=Minaldevi's Original Name |series=Shreshthi Kasturbhai Lalbhai Series, Book 4 |language=gu|url-access=registration |url=https://jainelibrary.org/book-detail/?srno=249363|access-date=2021-11-15|via=Jain eLibrary}}
* {{cite book |author=R. B. Singh |title=History of the Chāhamānas |publisher=N. Kishore |year=1964 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKs9AAAAIAAJ |oclc=11038728}}
* {{cite book |editor=S. B. Rajyagor |year=1975|title=Gujarat State Gazetteers: Mehsana District |publisher=Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, [[Government of Gujarat]] |volume=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JycbAAAAIAAJ}}
* {{cite journal |author=Shvetal Vyas Pare |title=Writing Fiction, Living History: Kanhaiyalal Munshi's historical trilogy |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=48 |issue=3 |year=2014 |pages=596–616 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |url=http://search.ror.unisa.edu.au/media/researcharchive/open/9915910287801831/53108738660001831 |doi=10.1017/s0026749x12000777 |s2cid=144227022 |url-access=subscription }}{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{cite book |author=Tommaso Bobbio |title=Urbanisation, Citizenship and Conflict in India: Ahmedabad 1900–2000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-5vwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA164 |year=2015 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-51400-8 }}
{{refend}}

{{Chaulukya dynasty}}

[[Category:Chaulukya kings]]
[[Category:11th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:12th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Chaulukya dynasty]]
[[Category:History of Ahmedabad]]
[[Category:Indian city founders]]

Shantanu Jha

2026-04-02T22:54:57Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Added A Details

{{Draft article}}{{short description|Indian Navy Admiral}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix = [[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]]
| name = Shantanu Jha
| honorific_suffix = [[Nao Sena Medal|NM]]
| native_name =
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| image = File:RAdm Shantanu Jha.jpg
| image_size =
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| allegiance = {{IND}}
| branch = {{navy|India}}
| serviceyears = 1993 – present
| rank = [[File:British Royal Navy (sleeves) OF-7.svg|20px]] [[File:12-Indian Navy-RADM.svg|20px]] [[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]]
| servicenumber =
| unit =
| commands = [[Flag Officer Commanding Maharashtra Naval Area|Maharashtra Naval Area]] {{ship|INS|Sahyadri|F49}} {{ship|INS|Kora|P61}} {{ship|INS|Nishank|K43}}
| battles =
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}}
[[Rear admiral (India)|Rear Admiral]] '''Shantanu Jha''', [[Nao Sena Medal|NM]] is a serving Flag officer in the [[Indian Navy]]. He currently serves as the [[Flag Officer Commanding Maharashtra Naval Area]].

==Naval career==
Jha attended the [[National Defence Academy (India)|National Defence Academy]] and was commissioned into the [[Indian Navy]] on 1 July 1993. He specialised in Navigation and Direction and served as the Navigation officer onboard multiple frigates and destroyers, and the [[aircraft carrier]] {{ship|INS|Viraat|R22}}. He attended the [[Defence Services Staff College]], [[Wellington Cantonment|Wellington]]. Jha commanded the [[Veer-class corvette]] {{ship|INS|Nishank|K43}} and the [[Kora-class corvette]] {{ship|INS|Kora|P61}}. He also served as the Joint Director (Personnel) at naval headquarters.<ref>{{cite web |title=Who is Rear Admiral Shantanu Jha, the new flag officer commanding Maharashtra Naval Area |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/defence/2025/10/18/who-is-rear-admiral-shantanu-jha-the-new-flag-officer-commanding-maharashtra-naval-area.html |website=The Week |access-date=22 October 2025 |language=en}}</ref>

As a [[Captain (Indian Navy)|Captain]], Jha served as the [[Naval attaché]] (NA) at the Embassy of India at [[Tehran, Iran]] and as the Naval Assistant to [[Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Vice Chief of the Naval Staff]]. He also served as the [[Executive officer]] of the [[aircraft carrier]] {{ship|INS|Vikramaditya|R33}} under the command of Captain [[Ajay Kochhar]]. In 2018, he took command of the [[Shivalik-class frigate|Shivalik-class]] [[stealth ship|stealth]] [[guided missile frigate]] {{ship|INS|Sahyadri|F49}}. He led the ship on a long overseas deployment across South-East Asia, United States and Australia. In June, ''Sahyadri'' participated in [[Malabar (naval exercise)|Malabar 2018]] exercise in the Philippine Sea. This was followed by [[Exercise RIMPAC]] off [[Pearl Harbor]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Indian Navy on X |url=https://x.com/indiannavy/status/1016487902266605568 |website=x.com |access-date=22 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=India's INS Sahyadri Reaches Pearl Harbour For Strategic Exercise |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/rimpac-18-indias-ins-sahyadri-reaches-pearl-harbour-for-strategic-exercise-1873753 |website=www.ndtv.com |access-date=22 October 2025 |language=en}}</ref> On her way back, ''Sahyadri'' called on Fiji and exercised with the [[Royal Australian Navy]] in Exercise Kakadu in September.<ref>{{cite web |title=Indian Navy on X |url=https://x.com/indiannavy/status/1028903841411022848 |website=x.com |access-date=22 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Indian Naval ship Sahyadri reaches Darwin, Australia for exercise KAKADU 2018 |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1544529 |website=pib.gov.in |access-date=22 October 2025}}</ref>

Promoted to the rank of [[Commodore (India)|Commodore]], Jha was selected to attend the [[Royal College of Defence Studies]] in London. He then served as Commodore (Foreign Cooperation) and as the Commodore (Strategy, Concepts and Transformation), both at NHQ.<ref>{{cite web |title=GOA MARITIME SYMPOSIUM (GMS) - 2021 |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1718329 |website=pib.gov.in |access-date=22 October 2025}}</ref> On 26 January 2023, he was awarded the [[Nao Sena Medal]] for devotion to duty.<ref>{{cite web |title=DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AND GALLANTRY AWARDS TO INDIAN NAVY PERSONNEL ON REPUBLIC DAY - 2023 |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1893744 |website=pib.gov.in |access-date=22 October 2025}}</ref>

===Flag rank===
Jha was promoted to flag rank in January 2024 and was appointed Chief Staff Officer (Operations) of the [[Eastern Naval Command]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Rear Admiral Shantanu Jha, Nm has assumed the appointment of Chief Staff Officer (Operations) |url=https://indiannavy.gov.in/node/38404 |website=indiannavy.gov.in |access-date=22 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Eastern Naval Command on X |url=https://x.com/IN_HQENC/status/1747234263291043857 |website=x.com |access-date=22 October 2025}}</ref> On 17 October 2025, he was appointed [[Flag Officer Commanding Maharashtra Naval Area]] (FOMA). He took over from Rear Admiral [[Anil Jaggi]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Rear Admiral Shantanu Jha assumes command of Maharashtra Naval Area |url=https://www.mid-day.com/mumbai/mumbai-news/article/rear-admiral-shantanu-jha-takes-over-as-flag-officer-commanding-maharashtra-naval-area-23599251 |website=Mid-day |access-date=22 October 2025 |language=en |date=18 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Devalla |first1=Rani |title=Rear Admiral Shantanu Jha takes charge as Chief Staff Officer (Ops) |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/news/cities/visakhapatnam/rear-admiral-shantanu-jha-takes-charge-as-chief-staff-officer-ops-851783 |access-date=20 February 2026 |work=[[The Hans India]] |date=17 January 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

==Awards and decorations==
Jha was awarded the [[Nao Sena Medal]] in 2023. He has also been commended by the Chief of the Naval Staff and the Commander-in-Chief on four occasions.

{| style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Nao_Sena_Medal_ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_Samanya_Seva_medal.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_Operation_Vijay_medal.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_Operation_Parakram_medal.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_Sainya_Seva_Medal_Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=75yearmedal.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND 50th Anniversary Independence medal.svg|width=106}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND_30_Years_Long_Service_Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
|colspan=4|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND 20YearsServiceMedalRibbon.svg|width=106}} {{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=IND 9YearsServiceMedalRibbon.svg|width=106}}
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|-
|[[Nao Sena Medal]]
|[[Samanya Seva Medal]]
|[[Operation Vijay Medal]]
|[[Operation Parakram Medal]]
|-
|[[Sainya Seva Medal]]
|[[75th Independence Anniversary Medal (India)|75th Independence Anniversary Medal]]
|[[50th Independence Anniversary Medal]]
|[[30 Years Long Service Medal]]
|-
|
|[[20 Years Long Service Medal]]
|[[9 Years Long Service Medal]]
|
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{s-bef|before = [[Anil Jaggi]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Flag Officer Commanding Maharashtra Naval Area]]|years=2025 – Present}}
{{s-inc}}
{{s-end}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jha, Shantanu}}
[[Category:Indian Navy rear admirals]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Naval attachés for India]]
[[Category:Graduates of the Royal College of Defence Studies]]
[[Category:Defence Services Staff College alumni]]
[[Category:National Defence Academy (India) alumni]]
[[Category:Flag Officers Commanding Maharashtra Naval Area]]

Chalisa famine

2026-03-29T09:13:54Z

Moshiurrahmanatik:

{{short description|Famine in North India in 1783–1784}}
{{Infobox famine
| name = Chalisa famine
| country = [[India]] and [[Pakistan]]

| period = 1783–1784
| total_deaths = between 11 to 20 million

| death_rate =
| preceded =
| succeeded =
|causes=[[drought]]}}
[[File:India1765.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Map of India (1765) shows [[Awadh|Oudh]], the [[Doab]] (the region in present-day [[Uttar Pradesh]] between the [[Ganges]] and [[Yamuna River|Jumna]] rivers), [[Rohilkhand]], the [[History of Delhi#17th century to 19th century|Delhi territories]], eastern [[Punjab region|Punjab]], [[Rajputana]] and [[Kashmir]], all affected by the ''Chalisa'' famine.]]

The '''Chalisa famine''' of 1783–1784 in the [[Indian subcontinent]] followed unusual [[El Niño]] events that began in 1780 and caused droughts throughout the region.<ref name=grove-elnino-80>{{Harvnb|Grove|2007|p=80}}</ref> ''Chalisa'' (literally, "of the fortieth" in [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]) refers to the [[Vikram Samvat]] calendar year 1840 (1783).<ref>{{Harvnb|Bayly|2002|p=503}}</ref> The famine affected many parts of [[North India]], especially the [[History of Delhi#17th century to 19th century|Delhi territories]], present-day [[Uttar Pradesh]], Eastern and Western [[Punjab region|Punjab]], [[Rajputana]], and [[Kashmir]], then all ruled by different Indian rulers.<ref name=igi-III-502>{{Harvnb|Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. III|1907|p=502}}</ref> The ''Chalisa'' was preceded by a famine in the previous year, 1782–1783, in South India, including [[Chennai|Madras City]] and surrounding areas (under [[British East India Company]] rule) and in the extended [[Kingdom of Mysore]] (under the rule of [[Hyder Ali|Haider Ali]] and [[Tipu Sultan]]).

Together the two famines may have depopulated many regions of India, including, for example, 17 percent of the villages in the [[Sirkali]] region of present-day [[Tamil Nadu]],<ref name=grove-elnino-80/> 60 percent of the villages in the middle [[Doab]] of present-day [[Uttar Pradesh]],<ref>{{Harvnb|Bayly|2002|p=90}}</ref> and over 30 per cent of the villages in the regions around Delhi.<ref>{{Harvnb|Stokes|1975|pp=508–509}}</ref> It is thought that up to 11 million people may have died in the two famines.<ref name=grove-elnino-80/>

==See also==
*[[Timeline of major famines in India during British rule (1765 to 1947)]]
*[[Famines, Epidemics, and Public Health in the British Raj]]
*[[Company rule in India]]
*[[Famine in India]]
*[[Drought in India]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

==References==
*{{Citation | last = Bayly | first = C. A. | author-link=Christopher Bayly|title = Rulers, Townsmen, and Bazaars: North Indian Society in the Age of British Expansion 1770–1870 |year = 2002 | publisher = Delhi: Oxford University Press. Pp. 530 | isbn = 0-19-566345-4}}
*{{Citation | last = Grove | first = Richard H. | title = The Great El Nino of 1789–93 and its Global Consequences: Reconstructing an Extreme Climate Event in World Environmental History | journal = The Medieval History Journal | year = 2007 | volume = 10 | issue = 1&2 | pages = 75–98 | doi = 10.1177/097194580701000203| hdl = 1885/51009 | hdl-access = free }}
*{{Citation | last = Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. III
| title = The Indian Empire, Economic (Chapter X: Famine, pp. 475–502 | publisher = Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council, Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. xxx, 1 map, 552. | year = 1907}}
*{{Citation | last = Stokes | first = Eric | author-link=Eric Stokes (historian)|title = Agrarian Society and the Pax Britannica in Northern India in the Early Nineteenth Century | year = 1975 | journal = Modern Asian Studies | volume = 9 | issue = 4 | pages = 505–528 | jstor = 312079 | doi=10.1017/s0026749x00012877| s2cid = 145085255 }}

==Further reading==
*{{Citation | last1 = Arnold | first1 = David | last2 = Moore | first2 = R. I. | title = Famine: Social Crisis and Historical Change (New Perspectives on the Past) | year = 1991 | publisher = Wiley-Blackwell. Pp. 164 | isbn = 0-631-15119-2}}
*{{Citation | last = Dutt | first = Romesh Chunder | title = Open Letters to Lord Curzon on Famines and Land Assessments in India | orig-year = 1900| year = 2005 | publisher = London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. Ltd (reprinted by Adamant Media Corporation) | isbn = 1-4021-5115-2}}
*{{Citation | editor-last = Dyson | editor-first = Time | title = India's Historical Demography: Studies in Famine, Disease and Society | year = 1989 | publisher = Riverdale MD: The Riverdale Company. Pp. ix, 296}}
*{{Citation | last = Famine Commission | year = 1880 | title = Report of the Indian Famine Commission, Part I | publisher = Calcutta}}
*{{Citation | last = Ghose | first = Ajit Kumar | title = Food Supply and Starvation: A Study of Famines with Reference to the Indian Subcontinent | year = 1982 | journal = Oxford Economic Papers |series=New Series | volume = 34 | issue = 2 | pages = 368–389| doi = 10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041557 | pmid = 11620403 }}
*{{Citation | last = Government of India | year = 1867 | title = Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Enquire into the Famine in Bengal and Orissa in 1866, Volumes I, II | publisher = Calcutta}}

{{Famine in India}}
{{coord missing|India}}

[[Category:Famines in British India]]
[[Category:Famines in India]]
[[Category:1783 in India]]
[[Category:1784 in India]]
[[Category:1783 disasters]]
[[Category:1780s natural disasters]]
[[Category:1784 disasters]]
[[Category:18th-century health disasters]]
[[Category:18th-century famines]]
[[Category:18th-century disasters in India]]
[[Category:18th-century droughts]]

Disha Pandey

2026-03-27T15:38:58Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: cleaned up details for consistency and corrected details

{{short description|Indian actress}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Disha Pandey
| image = Disha Pandey by Venket Raam.jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = 17 January{{efn|name=birth-year-unknown}}
| yearsactive = 2009–present
| occupation = Actress
| website =
}}

'''Disha Pandey''' (born 17 January<ref name=maalaimalar-2012-06-05/><ref name=IndiaGlitz100323 />{{efn|name=birth-year-unknown|The year of her birth has not been reported by a reliable source.}}) is an Indian actress. She has appeared in films in [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]], notably in the commercial success, ''[[Tamizh Padam]]'' (2010), and in [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Kannada cinema|Kannada]] and [[Hindi]].

==Early life==
In comments published in a 2011 article in ''[[The New Indian Express]]'', Pandey shared that her father was a gazette officer with the education department, and that her mother worked with [[Hindustan Copper]]. She also revealed that she has one older sister and a younger brother.<ref name="newindianexpress1">{{cite news |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/2011/jun/13/tamizh-padam-disha-pandey-262382.html |title='Tamizh Padam' Disha Pandey |newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]] |date=13 June 2011 |access-date=20 October 2020 |archive-date=4 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604040041/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/2011/jun/13/tamizh-padam-disha-pandey-262382.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

Pandey was in [[Twelfth grade#India|class 12]] when she entered films, but was advised to pursue her degree before continuing acting. Despite choosing biology with mathematics in class 12, Disha decided to pursue arts to be able to complete her degree more easily. In 2011, she reported that she completed her first year BA in Human Rights.{{where|date=October 2020|reason=Where did she study "Human Rights"?}}{{Explain|date=October 2020|reason= Did she get a full degree later or drop out after her first year?}}<ref name="newindianexpress1"/>

==Career==
Pandey has done modelling for [[advertising|commercials]], including for Prince Jewellery and [[Amul]] Lassi.<ref name="newindianexpress1"/>

Pandey achieved initial success as an actress in the successful comedy film ''[[Tamizh Padam]]'' (2010).<ref name=IndiaGlitz100323/><ref name="newindianexpress1"/><ref name=rangarajan100205 />

She acted in ''[[Mayanginen Thayanginen]]'' (2012), a Tamil flick opposite [[Nitin Sathya]] and ''[[Moksha (2013 film)|Moksha]]'' (2013), a Telugu horror film, directed by Srikanth Vemulapalli. In ''Mayanginen Thayanginen'' she played the character of a very homely girl — a customer care executive employed with a call taxi company.<ref name=Bharathan101116>{{cite news |first1=Bijoy |last1=Bharathan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/Ready-for-more-Tamizh-Padams/articleshow/6929958.cms |title=Ready for more 'Tamizh Padams' |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=16 November 2010 |access-date=3 July 2013 |url-status=live |archive-date=19 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130419050018/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-11-16/news-interviews/28214679_1_bollywood-film-mayanginen-thayanginen-tamil}}</ref>

She made her [[Kannada]] debut in ''[[Jai Lalitha]]'' (2014), the Kannada remake of the Malayalam hit ''[[Mayamohini]]'' (2012). She plays the role that Malayalam actress [[Mythili]] played in the original.<ref name=CR130701>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/kannada/news-interviews/Disha-and-Aishwarya-make-their-Kannada-debut/articleshow/20843778.cms |title=Disha and Aishwarya make their Kannada debut |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |first1=Sharanya |last1=CR |date=1 July 2013 |access-date=3 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140618132857/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/kannada/news-interviews/Disha-and-Aishwarya-make-their-Kannada-debut/articleshow/20843778.cms?referral=PM |archive-date=18 June 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> She has appeared in another Kannada films ''[[Bombay Mittai (2015 film)|Bombay Mittai]]'' (2015), in which she plays a character interested in travelling and photography.<ref name=IANS140402>{{cite web |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/Love-for-Travel-Made-Disha-Sign-Bombay-Mittai/2014/04/02/article2145209.ece |title=Love for Travel Made Disha Sign 'Bombay Mittai' |work=The New Indian Express |date=2 April 2014 |agency=Indo-Asian News Service |access-date=24 April 2014 |archive-date=24 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424141747/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/Love-for-Travel-Made-Disha-Sign-Bombay-Mittai/2014/04/02/article2145209.ece |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ List of Disha Pandey film credits
|- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;"
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Role
! scope="col" | Language
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{ref heading}}
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |2009 || ''[[Bolo Raam]]'' || Juhi Khan || [[Hindi]] || Hindi debut || style="text-align: center;" |<ref name="newindianexpress1"/><ref name=Bharathan101116 /><ref>{{cite news |title=Bolo Raam |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/bolo-raam/562476/ |first1=Shubhra |last1=Gupta |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |date=2 January 2010 |access-date=28 May 2010 |archive-date=31 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100731155352/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/bolo-raam/562476 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |2010 || ''[[Tamizh Padam]]'' || Priya || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || Tamil debut || style="text-align: center;" |<ref name=IndiaGlitz100323>{{cite web |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/thamizh-padam-heroine-watches-70-tamil-films-tamil-news-55512 |title='Tamizh Padam' heroine watches 70 Tamil films |website=IndiaGlitz |date=23 March 2010 |access-date=11 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011091821/https://www.indiaglitz.com/thamizh-padam-heroine-watches-70-tamil-films-tamil-news-55512 |archive-date=11 October 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="newindianexpress1"/><ref name=rangarajan100205>{{cite news |title=Laugh away your blues -- Tamizh Padam |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2010/02/05/stories/2010020550650200.htm |access-date=28 May 2010 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |first1=Malathi |last1=Rangarajan |date=5 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100210093710/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2010/02/05/stories/2010020550650200.htm |archive-date=10 February 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |2012 || ''[[Mayanginen Thayanginen]]'' || Shruthi || Tamil || || style="text-align: center;" |<ref name=Bharathan101116/><ref name=maalaimalar-2012-06-05/>
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align: center;" |2013 || ''[[Race (2013 film)|Race]]'' || Aarthi || [[Telugu language|Telugu]] || Telugu debut || style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/race.html |title=Race Telugu review - Telugu/Tamil cinema - Vikram, Bharat Kishore, Karthik, Srinivasa Reddy, Disha Pandey, Nikita Narayan |access-date=29 October 2021 |archive-date=1 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901090446/http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/race.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Saare Jahaan Se Mehnga]]'' || Suman || Hindi || || style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{cite web |title=Meet the hoarders! |url=http://www.rajeevmasand.com/reviews/our-films/meet-the-hoarders/ |publisher=[[Rajeev Masand]] |date=11 March 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927004109/http://www.rajeevmasand.com/reviews/our-films/meet-the-hoarders/ |archivedate=27 September 2022 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| ''Keeripulla'' || Sandhya || Tamil || || style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/keeripulla/movie-review/19288343.cms|title = Keeripulla Movie Review {1/5}: Critic Review of Keeripulla by Times of India|website = [[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Moksha (2013 film)|Moksha]]'' || Disha || Telugu || || style="text-align: center;" |<ref name="newindianexpress1"/><ref name=Bharathan101116 />
|-
| ''Chikki Mukki'' || Sangeetha || Tamil || || style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2013/mar/27/a-film-chikki-mukki-shot-in-malaysia-462573.html |title=A film Chikki Mukki shot in Malaysia |date=27 March 2013 |access-date=29 October 2021 |archive-date=29 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029195144/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2013/mar/27/a-film-chikki-mukki-shot-in-malaysia-462573.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;" |2014 || ''[[Jai Lalitha]]'' || Disha || [[Kannada]] || Kannada debut|| style="text-align: center;" |<ref name=CR130701/>
|-
|''[[Manasunu Maaya Seyake]]'' || Lasya || Telugu || ||
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |2015 || ''[[Bombay Mittai (2015 film)|Bombay Mittai]]'' || Aditi || Kannada || || style="text-align: center;" |<ref name=IANS140402 />
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |2016 || ''CTRL-C'' || Disha || Telugu || || style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.123telugu.com/reviews/control-c-telugu-movie-review.html |title=Review : Ctrl-C – Confusing Techno Thriller |date=17 June 2016 | access-date=29 October 2021 | archive-date=29 October 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029195147/https://www.123telugu.com/reviews/control-c-telugu-movie-review.html | url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |2018 || ''[[Tamizh Padam 2]]'' || Priya || Tamil || Cameo || style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/cs-amudhans-tamizh-padam-2-speaks-truth-about-female-characters-kollywood-84716 |title=CS Amudhan's 'Tamizh Padam 2' speaks the truth about female characters in Kollywood |date=13 July 2018 |access-date=29 October 2021 |archive-date=3 January 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260103193521/https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/cs-amudhans-tamizh-padam-2-speaks-truth-about-female-characters-kollywood-84716 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |2019 || ''[[Adyaksha in America]]'' || Simran || Kannada || || style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/adhyaksha-in-america/movie-review/71439824.cms |title=Adhyaksha In America Movie Review : An entertaining comedy film featuring Sharan and Ragini |first1=Sunayana |last1=Suresh |date=4 October 2019 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-date=11 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011093056/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/adhyaksha-in-america/movie-review/71439824.cms |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2019/oct/05/adhyaksha-in-america-review-the-two-countries-remake-is-a-weekend-entertainer-2043275.html |title='Adhyaksha in America' review: The 'Two Countries' remake is a weekend entertainer |date=5 October 2019 |first1=A |last1=Sharadhaa |newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]] |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-date=22 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022230243/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2019/oct/05/adhyaksha-in-america-review-the-two-countries-remake-is-a-weekend-entertainer-2043275.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |2020 || ''[[Kombu (film)|Kombu]]'' || Janani || Tamil || || style="text-align: center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/020818/disha-pandeys-back-with-a-horror-thriller.html |title=Disha Pandey's back with a horror thriller |date=2 August 2018 |access-date=23 November 2021 |archive-date=12 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112224001/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/020818/disha-pandeys-back-with-a-horror-thriller.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|}

== Notes ==
{{noteslist}}

==References==
<references>

<ref name=maalaimalar-2012-06-05>{{cite news |url=https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/review/2012/06/05211833/Mayanginen-Thayanginen-movie-r.vpf |script-title=ta:மயங்கினேன் தயங்கினேன் |trans-title=I was stunned and hesitant |language=ta |work=Maalaimalar |date=5 June 2012 |access-date=25 October 2020 |archive-date=28 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028204833/https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/review/2012/06/05211833/Mayanginen-Thayanginen-movie-r.vpf |url-status=dead}}</ref>

</references>

==External links==
{{commons category|Disha Pandey}}
* {{IMDb name|3766193}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pandey, Disha}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Actresses from New Delhi]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Kannada cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:Female models from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]

Rajesh Krishnan

2026-03-27T00:25:30Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: added references

{{Short description|Indian playback singer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}
{{BLP sources|date=March 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Rajesh Krishnan
| image = Rajesh_Krishnan (cropped).jpg
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]]
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Playback singer]]|actor|musician|dubbing artist}}
| years_active = 1991–present
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[Sowmya Raoh]]|1998|reason=divorced|1999}}
* {{marriage|Haripriya|2010|reason=divorced|2010}}
* {{marriage|Ramya Vasishta|2011|reason=divorced|2013}}<ref>{{cite web |date=21 March 2013 |title=Rajesh and Ramya part ways|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/rajesh-and-ramya-part-ways/articleshow/19107554.cms |website=The Times of India}}</ref>
}}
| awards = {{hlist|[[Filmfare Awards]]|[[Karnataka State Film Awards]]|[[Suvarna Film Awards]]|[[Udaya Film Awards]]|[[Nandi Awards]]|[[SIIMA Awards]]}}
| module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| genre = {{flat list|
* [[playback singer|Playback singing]]
* [[Filmi]]
}}
| instrument = Vocals
| label =
| website =
}}
}}

'''Rajesh Krishnan''' is an Indian playback singer, actor, and dubbing artist best known for his work in [[Kannada cinema]], with a substantial body of work in [[Telugu cinema|Telugu]] and [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]] films.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mangalorean.com/news.php?newstype=local&newsid=274946|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927065416/http://www.mangalorean.com/news.php?newstype=local&newsid=274946|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-09-27|title=Kundapur: Playback Singer Rajesh Krishnan Ties the Knot at Kollur Temple|work=www.mangalorean.com|date=2013-09-27}}</ref> He made his mainstream playback debut with “Mathinalle Gellaballe” in the Kannada film ''[[Gauri Ganesha|Gowri Ganesha]]'' (1991), and rose to prominence through a prolific run of 1990s–2000s hits, including Kannada numbers such as “Nooru Janmaku” (''[[America America]]''), “Kariya I Love You” (''[[Duniya (2007 film)|Duniya]]''), “Suntara Gaali” (''[[Kalasipalya (film)|Kalasipalya]]''), and “Onde Usirante” (''[[Snehaloka]]''). In Telugu, his breakout “Yeto Vellipoyindi Manasu” from ''[[Ninne Pelladatha]]'' (1996) earned him the [[Nandi Award for Best Male Playback Singer]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ipr.ap.nic.in/New_Links/Film.pdf|title=నంది అవార్డు విజేతల పరంపర (1964–2008)|trans-title=A series of Nandi Award Winners (1964–2008)|publisher=[[Andhra Pradesh (magazine)|Information & Public Relations of Andhra Pradesh]]|access-date=21 August 2020}}(in [[Telugu language|Telugu]])</ref>

Across a career spanning over three decades, Rajesh has sung over 3,000 film songs in Kannada, over 200 in Telugu, around 15 in Malayalam and some 50 in Tamil.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/musical-milestone/articleshow/21620706.cms|title=Musical milestone|work=Bangalore Mirror|date=23 April 2011}}</ref> He has also recorded numerous songs in [[Tulu language|Tulu]] and [[Lambani]]. In [[Bollywood|Hindi cinema]], he has sung about 20 songs, including few for dubbed films.<ref name="Interview">{{cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/rajesh-krishnan-melliflous-voice/articleshow/46816451.cms?|title=‘We have made Mumbai singers rich’|work=Bangalore Mirror|date=5 April 2015}}</ref> Rajesh has been recognized with multiple honors, including the Karnataka State Film Awards ([[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer|Best Male Playback Singer]]—3 times), Filmfare South nomination ([[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor - Kannada|Best Supporting Actor]] for ''[[Gaalipata]]'', 2008) for his acting, and the [[South Indian International Movie Awards|SIIMA for Best Male Playback Singer]] for “Kaarmoda” from ''[[Mr. and Mrs. Ramachari]]'' (2014).<ref name=autogenerated1>{{Cite web |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/kannada/news/2011/rajesh-krishnan-marries-ramya-vasishta-081111.html |title=Rajesh Krishnan marries singer Ramya Vasishta - Oneindia Entertainment |access-date=7 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927182327/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/kannada/news/2011/rajesh-krishnan-marries-ramya-vasishta-081111.html |archive-date=27 September 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> He has also recorded devotional and private albums that remain widely available on streaming platforms.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Singers Rajesh Krishnan, Vijay Prakash in a project to support struggling musicians|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/music/singers-rajesh-krishnan-vijay-prakash-in-a-project-to-support-struggling-musicians/articleshow/77488059.cms|access-date=2020-09-19|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Rajesh was born in [[Bengaluru]], India in a musical family; his mother is a [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]] vocalist whom he credit as his first musical mentor. He studied at [[St. Joseph's Indian High School]], representing the school at a children’s film festival at age 13, before taking up professional singing under composers including [[Hamsalekha]]. His first film song was recorded in 1991, when he was 17. His initial singing assignments were limited to track singing where an accomplished playback singer, mostly [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], would record the release version.<ref name="Interview"/>

== Career ==
=== Playback singing ===
Rajesh began singing under the direction of composers [[Rajan-Nagendra]] and [[Hamsalekha]] in the late 1980s, where he recorded tracks in his voice upon which other professional singers would cover with their voices. In 1991, Rajesh's voice was retained and released in the final soundtrack album of ''[[Gauri Ganesha|Gowri Ganesha]]''. The song "Mathinalle Gellaballe", composed by Rajan-Nagendra was the first official release song. This was quickly followed by songs from the films, ''[[Hoovu Hannu]]'' (1993) and ''[[Bevu Bella (1993 film)|Bevu Bella]]'' (1993), both composed by Hamsalekha, which raised his popularity among Kannada audience.

For his rendition in films such as ''Bannada Hejje'' (1999), ''[[Ekangi]]'' (2002) and ''Dumbee'' (2003), Rajesh won [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.hindu.com/2001/12/17/stories/2001121701550300.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102014049/http://www.hindu.com/2001/12/17/stories/2001121701550300.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-11-02 | location=Chennai, India | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | title=Shivaraj, Tara, Anu bag State film awards | date=2001-12-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/art.nsf/94ff8a4a35a9b8876525698d002642a9/3c89ecbe8d9664ed65257253001b95f7/$FILE/A0580283.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=18 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405022703/http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/art.nsf/94ff8a4a35a9b8876525698d002642a9/3c89ecbe8d9664ed65257253001b95f7/%24FILE/A0580283.pdf |archive-date=5 April 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.viggy.com/english/current_state_award02_03.asp|title=Karnataka State Film Awards 2002-2003 announced - Artha of B. Suresh bagged the Best Film Award|website=Viggy.com}}</ref>

Following these initial breakthrough films, Rajesh was one of the most sought-after singers in Kannada cinema. He went on to sing for numerous other composers such as [[V. Manohar]], [[L. N. Shastry]], [[Sadhu Kokila]], [[S. A. Rajkumar]] and [[Rajesh Ramanath]] in the 1990's and 2000's. Later in 2010s and 2020s, composers such as [[V. Harikrishna]], [[Arjun Janya]], [[B. Ajaneesh Loknath]], [[Manikanth Kadri]], [[Ravi Basrur]] and [[Charan Raj (composer)|Charan Raj]] chose Rajesh's voice for their songs. He went on to sing more than 3000 songs in Kannada cinema making him the first ever singer from Karnataka to sing those many songs in films.

Rajesh expanded to [[Telugu cinema]] through [[Sandeep Chowta]]'s musical ''[[Ninne Pelladatha]]'' in 1996. The song "Yeto Vellipoyindi Manasu" reached popularity immediately after release and earned him the [[Nandi Award for Best Male Playback Singer]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ipr.ap.nic.in/New_Links/Film.pdf |title=నంది అవార్డు విజేతల పరంపర (1964–2008) |trans-title=A series of Nandi Award Winners (1964–2008) |work=[[Andhra Pradesh (magazine)|Information & Public Relations of Andhra Pradesh]] |access-date=21 August 2020}} (in [[Telugu language|Telugu]])</ref> Following this, he was offered many other Telugu songs in films including ''[[Raja (1999 Indian film)|Raja]]'' (1999), ''[[Prema Katha]]'' (1999), ''[[Nee Kosam]]'' (1999), ''[[Nuvvu Vasthavani]]'' (2000), ''[[Kalisundam Raa]]'' (2000), ''[[Ninne Premistha]]'' (2001), ''[[Santosham (2002 film)|Santosham]]'' (2002) and ''[[Lakshmi (2006 film)|Lakshmi]]'' (2006). In Tamil, his song "Megamai Vandhu Pogiren" for the film ''[[Thullatha Manamum Thullum]]'' (1999) was received with wide appreciation.

=== Acting ===
Rajesh made his first onscreen appearance with a Telugu film, ''[[Ori Nee Prema Bangaram Kaanu]]'' in 2003. He played the lead character which was not well received by critics who criticized his acting skills.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-onpbk.html|title=Ori Nee Prema Bangaram Kaanu - AVS - Rajesh, Sangeeta|work=Idlebrain}}</ref>. This was followed by yet another failed appearance in the Kannada film, ''Santhosha'' in 2005.

Later in 2008, Rajesh was roped in to play one of the lead characters in [[Yogaraj Bhat]]'s multi-starrer Kannada film, ''[[Gaalipata]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/kannada/news/2007/rajesh-acting-gaalipata-191207.html|title=Rajesh Krishna acts in Gaalipata|work=Filmibeat.com|date=19 December 2007}}</ref>. He played the role Kitty, an engineer and one of the three main friends alongside [[Ganesh (actor)|Ganesh]] and [[Diganth]]. The film met with positive reviews from critics and also appreciation for all the lead actors. Rajesh was nominated at the [[Filmfare Awards South]] under [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor - Kannada|Best Supporting Actor]] category.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reachouthyderabad.com/news/Filmfare_awards.htm |title=56th Filmfare Awards South |publisher=ReachoutHyderabad.com |date=2011-10-10 |access-date=2014-08-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731062736/http://www.reachouthyderabad.com/news/Filmfare_awards.htm |archive-date=2009-07-31}}</ref> After ''Gaalipata'', Rajesh took a break from acting and focussed on his singing career. However, upon insistance of his friend and fellow singer, [[L. N. Shastri]], he took up the lead role offer in the 2015 musical film, ''[[Melody (2015 film)|Melody]]''. The film met with mixed reviews and underperformed at the box-office.

Apart from acting, Rajesh has [[voice dubbing actor|voice dubbed]] for actors in Kannada films. His debut dubbing was for actor [[Sameer Dattani|Dhyan]] in the film, ''[[Nanna Preethiya Hudugi]]'' in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/ChitraLoka/comments/1li7mhy/nanna_pritiya_hudugi/|title=Nanna pritiya hudugi : r/ChitraLoka|work=Reddit}}</ref> He dubbed for Dhyan's next two films including ''[[Amrithadhare]]'' (2005) and ''[[Mr. and Mrs. Ramachari]]'' (2014). He also dubbed for [[Raghu Mukherjee]] in the film ''[[Paris Pranaya]]'' (2003).

==Personal life==
Rajesh Krishnan has been married and divorced to [[Sowmya Raoh]] (singer), Haripriya (dentist) and Ramya Vasishta (TV anchor and singer).<ref name=autogenerated1 /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/kannada/article/73681.html |title=Rajesh Krishnan weds again! - Kannada Movie News |access-date=24 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524194035/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/kannada/article/73681.html |archive-date=24 May 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/kannada/article/92005.html |title=Rajesh Krishnan Marriage Break! - Kannada Movie News |access-date=23 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130323195725/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/kannada/article/92005.html |archive-date=23 March 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/singer-rajesh-krishnan-weds-news-kannada-lliomXahaif.html |title=Singer Rajesh Krishnan weds |access-date=23 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130613162818/http://www.sify.com/movies/singer-rajesh-krishnan-weds-news-kannada-lliomXahaif.html |archive-date=13 June 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/320457/annul-our-marriage-rajesh-krishnans.html |title=Annul our marriage: Rajesh Krishnan’s wife |access-date=21 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130323235627/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/320457/annul-our-marriage-rajesh-krishnans.html |archive-date=23 March 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Television ==
Rajesh began his television journey as a judge on [[Zee Kannada]]'s [[Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Kannada|Sa Re Ga Ma Pa]], the Kannada adaptation of the national singing reality franchise. He joined the judging panel from its early seasons and has since become a recurring presence, bringing his extensive playback experience to mentor emerging talent. Over the years, Krishnan has shared the judges’ seat alongside musicians [[Vijay Prakash]], [[Arjun Janya]], and, in earlier seasons, [[Hamsalekha]]. He has been part of multiple seasons, including Season 13 (2017), Season 17 (2020–2022), and the Season 21 (2024–2025).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/kannada/rajesh-krishnan-is-back-as-judge-of-sa-re-ga-ma-pa-season-15/articleshow/65976356.cms|title=Rajesh Krishnan is back as judge of Sa Re Ga Ma Pa season 15|work=The Times of India|date=27 September 2018}}</ref>

==Filmography==
===As actor===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Film !! Role !! Notes !! Ref.
|-
| 2003 || ''[[Ori Nee Prema Bangaram Kaanu]]'' || Rajesh || [[Telugu language|Telugu]] film ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sify.com/movies/ori-nee-prema-bangaram-kaanu-review-telugu-pclvwjgeghajj.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620020418/https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:v8nWLpCPj0MJ:https://www.sify.com/movies/ori-nee-prema-bangaram-kaanu-review-telugu-pclvwjgeghajj.html+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us|url-status=dead|archive-date=2022-06-20|title=Ori Nee Prema Bangaram Kaanu|website=www.sify.com via web.archive.org|date=21 October 2003}}</ref>
|-
| 2004 || ''Santhosha''|| Rajesh || ||
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Gaalipata]]''|| Kitty || Nominated—[[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor - Kannada|Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor]] ||
|-
| 2015 || ''[[Melody (2015 film)|Melody]]'' || Kiran || ||
|}

===Dubbing artist===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Film !! Actor !! Notes
|-
| 2001 || ''[[Nanna Preethiya Hudugi]]'' ||[[Sameer Dattani|Dhyan]] ||
|-
| 2003 || ''[[Paris Pranaya]]'' ||Raghu Mukherjee ||
|-
| 2005 || ''[[Amrithadhare]]'' ||[[Sameer Dattani|Dhyan]]||
|-
| 2014 || ''[[Mr. and Mrs. Ramachari]]'' ||[[Sameer Dattani|Dhyan]]||
|-
|}

==Discography==
=== Kannada songs ===
====1991 - 1999====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width="5%"| Year!! width="25%"|Film!!width="25%"| Song(s)!!width="15%"| Music composer!! Lyricist!!width="15%"| Co-singer(s)!! Notes
|-
|1991 || ''[[Gauri Ganesha]]'' || "Mathinalle Gellaballe" || [[Rajan-Nagendra]] || [[Chi. Udayashankar]] || || Debut song<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/musical-milestone/articleshow/21620706.cms|title=Musical milestone|work=Bangalore Mirror.com|date=23 April 2011}}</ref>
|-
|1992 || ''Hosa Kalla Hale Kulla'' || "Rani Illa Gurani Illa", "Mutthinantha Hudugi" || [[Hamsalekha]] || Hamsalekha || [[Chandrika Gururaj]] [[Manjula Gururaj]] ||
|-
|rowspan="9" |1993
| ''[[Bevu Bella (1993 film)|Bevu Bella]]'' || "Kaala Kettoythalla", "Januma Needuthaale", "Namma Oora Cheluve", "Devarigondu Kagada Baredu", "Bhoomi Thabbida Moda" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam|SPB]], [[Latha Hamsalekha]] ||
|-
| ''Golibar'' || "Dikkarisu Thiraskarisu", "Indiyana Hindo Hinda" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Hoovu Hannu]]'' || "Manju Manju" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || [[K. S. Chithra]] ||
|-
| ''Hosa Love Story'' || "O Malenaadina" || [[Vijay Anand (composer)|Vijay Anand]] || Raj Kishore || Chandrika Gururaj, Gangothri ||
|-
| ''Hrudaya Bandhana'' || "Kaveri Melaane" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || [[S. Janaki]] ||
|-
| ''Jailer Jagannath'' || "Adige Manege" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Kadambari'' || "Prathama Chumbana", "Pattanakke Bandanu" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Chandrika Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Kalyana Rekhe]]'' || "Markettinalli" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Manikantana Mahime]]'' || "Bhoomi Thanna" || [[M. S. Vishwanathan]] || [[Vijaya Narasimha]] || ||
|-
|rowspan="11"|1994
| ''Appa Nanjappa Maga Gunjappa'' || "Arashina Kumkuma" || R. Damodar || Sriranga || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Beda Krishna Ranginata'' || "Holi Hunnime", "Myna O Myna" || [[V. Manohar]] || V. Manohar || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Gold Medal'' || "Kannella Nannanu" || Vijay Anand || [[Doddarange Gowda]] || Sheela ||
|-
| ''Gopi Kalyana'' || "Chandamama" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Latha Hamsalekha ||
|-
| ''Indrana Gedda Narendra'' || "Shubhadina Naga Panchami", "Mysooru Brundavana" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Kaveri Theeradalli'' || "Agumbeya", "Oho Chaitrada Kogileye" || Vijay Anand || [[S. Narayan]] || ||
|-
| ''Love 94'' || "Arali Maradadi", "Kannolage Neene", "Brahmi Muhurthada", "Guleba Kavali" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || [[B. R. Chaya]], [[Sangeetha Katti]] ||
|-
| ''Panjarada Gili'' || "Namisuve Namisuve" || V. Manohar || Coffee Raghavendra || ||
|-
| ''Praja Shakthi'' || "Upparpete Hennanthe", "Belli Modada Mele", "Prajashakthi" || Shankar || [[R. N. Jayagopal]] || Manjula Gururaj, K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Super Nova 459'' || "Patharagitthi Pakka" || [[Vijaya Bhaskar]] || [[Da Ra Bendre]] || ||
|-
| ''Anuraga Geethe'' || "Juttu Kathe Juttu" || [[Upendra Kumar]] || [[G. V. Iyer]] || SPB, [[Sundar Raj]] ||
|-
|rowspan="23"|1995
| ''[[Aagatha]]'' || "Eko Kaane" || Vijaya Bhaskar || R. N. Jayagopal || ||
|-
| ''[[Aata Hudugata]]'' || "O Premave Nee", "Rukku Rukku Rukkumani" || [[Sadhu Kokila]] || Sri Ranga || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Anuraga Sangama]]'' || "Oho Oho Monalisa" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || ||
|-
| ''Bal Nan Maga'' || "Vila Vila", "Baaro Nee Hero" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || Manjula Gururaj, K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Betegara'' || "Neeli Kodeya" || Sadhu Kokila || Ramesh Rao || Usha Ganesh ||
|-
| ''[[Gadibidi Aliya]]'' || "Kannadada Kuvaranu" "Umma Beku Sye" || [[Koti (composer)|Koti]] || R. N. Jayagopal || [[Dr. Rajkumar]], Manjula Gururaj, Sangeetha Katti ||
|-
| ''Hello Sister'' || "Kalla Kalli", "Hello Sister" || Koti || R. N. Jayagopal || Manjula Gururaj, SPB ||
|-
| ''Hendathi Endare Heegirabeku'' || "Baaro Rambe Balige" || [[Kashinath (actor)|Kashinath]] || Kashinath || ||
|-
| ''[[Himapatha]]'' || "Love Bloody Love" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra, Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Kavya (film)|Kavya]]'' || "Olumeya Kavya" || Sadhu Kokila || Doddarange Gowda || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Killer Diary]]'' || "Haalu Kodu Haalu" || Vijay Anand || Sri Ranga || SPB ||
|-
| ''[[Kona Edaithe]]'' || "Jackie Chan", "Oh Love", "Aaha Namma Konake" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || S. Janaki K. S. Chithra [[C. Ashwath]] ||
|-
| ''Lady Police'' || "Lady Police" || [[Rajesh Ramanath]] || Ramesh Rao || Mangala, Namitha ||
|-
| ''Mangalya Sakshi'' || "Sanje Gaali" || Sadhu Kokila || S. Narayan || Chandrika Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Mother India'' || "Mareyona Ninneyanu", "Thandana Thana" || Sadhu Kokila || [[H. S. Venkateshamurthy]] || K. S. Chithra, Kusuma ||
|-
| ''Mruthyu Bandhana'' || "Kannu Kannu Seri", "Sidukidaru Nanna Nalla" || Peter Kamilose || Sri Chandru || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Nischithartha'' || "Ee Sambrama", "Hosa Anubhava", "Olavina Bandha" || Sadhu Kokila || Bhangi Ranga || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Operation Antha]]'' || "Shame Shame" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || [[L. N. Shastry]] ||
|-
| ''[[Savyasachi (1995 film)|Savyasachi]]'' || "Naagara Haave" || Sadhu Kokila || Hamsalekha || SPB, K. S. Chithra, Mangala ||
|-
| ''Shubha Lagna'' || "Hello Dampathi" || Rajesh Ramanath || V. Manohar || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Thaliya Sowbhagya'' || "Nannavale Nannavale" || [[Raj-Koti|Raju]] || R. N. Jayagopal || [[Swarnalatha]] ||
|-
| ''Thavaru Beegaru'' || "Bhale Bhale Jodi" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || L. N. Shastry, Sujatha Dath ||
|-
| ''Thayi Illada Thavaru'' || "Mandara Mandara", "Prema Ganga Antharanga" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Latha Hamsalekha, K. S. Chithra
|-
|rowspan="23"|1996
| ''[[Aadithya]]'' || "Preethi Embuva" || Rajesh Ramanath || M. N. Vyasa Rao || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Annavra Makkalu]]'' || "Hogabeda Hudugi", "Aadabeku Raaja" || Rajesh Ramanath || V. Manohar || Chandrika Gururaj, Swarnalatha
|-
| ''[[Gajanura Gandu]]'' || "Muthu Rathnagala Lokake" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || Sujatha Dath ||
|-
| ''Gulaabi'' || "Ooru Malaguthide" || [[Ilaiyaraaja]] || S. Narayan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Hetthavala Koogu'' || "Raghavendra Ninna" || Vijaya Bhaskar || Vijaya Narasimha || [[Vani Jairam]] ||
|-
| ''[[Huliya (film)|Huliya]]'' || "Banna Bannadaramane" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Janumada Jodi]]'' || "Ivanyara Maganu", "Janumada Jodi Neenu", "Aarathi Annammange" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar, Doddarange Gowda || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Jeevanadhi]]'' || "Navamaasa Ninnanu", "Sheshadrivaasa Sri Thirumalesha", "Daivada Karuneyu", "Ee Andada Chendada" || Koti || R. N. Jayagopal || [[Anuradha Paudwal]], Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Kempu Mugilu'' || "Ee Namma Preethiya", "Tunthuru Maleya" || Sadhu Kokila || Shyamsundar Kulkarni, Ramesh Rao || SPB, Srilekha ||
|-
| ''Mane Mane Ramayana'' || "Ide Kanna Nota", "Cheluvina Ganiyu", "Baa Priya", "Manasu Manasu", "Mane Mane Ramayana" || Sadguna Raj || Su Rudramurthy Sastry || Chandrika Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Minugu Thaare'' || "Ondu Malenadina", "Kalpana Kalpana" || Rajesh Ramanath || M. N. Vyasa Rao || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Muddina Aliya'' || "Mutthu Mutthu", "Madhura Madhura" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || ||
|-
| ''Muddina Sose'' || "Rasikara Raja" || Upendra Kumar || R. N. Jayagopal || [[Dheerendra Gopal]], [[Tennis Krishna]] ||
|-
| ''Nirbandha'' || "Kannanchali", "Nanna Ninna Prema" || Rajesh Ramanath || [[K. Kalyan]], M. N. Vyasa Rao || Anuradha, Chandrika Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Nirnaya'' || "Love Mado", "Sangeetha Swara" || Rajesh Ramanath || R. N. Jayagopal || Sujatha Dath ||
|-
| ''Pattanakke Banda Putta'' || "Puttana Kattikolle" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Manjula Gururaj, Master Bharath ||
|-
| ''Rangoli'' || "Shaalu Baalu", "Mugile Mugile" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Sathya Sangharsha'' || "Hana Hana", "Kurigalu Saar", "Ildoru Thappumaade", "Arivu Moodidare" || Sadhu Kokila || Doddarange Gowda || Surekha ||
|-
| ''Shreemathi Kalyana'' || "Nanna Ganda Mechida" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || Mangala, Sadhu Kokila, Kusuma ||
|-
| ''Soubhagya Devathe'' || "Naa Hallo Endaga" || Srilekha || R. N. Jayagopal || ||
|-
| ''[[Thavarina Thottilu]]'' || "Oh Kusumave" || Rajesh Ramanath || S. Narayan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Vasantha Kavya'' || "Oyamma Oyamma", "Oho Giri Sundari" || Rajesh Ramanath || S. Narayan || ||
|-
| ''Veerabhadra'' || "Halappa Halappa" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Latha Hamsalekha, Sulochana ||
|-
|rowspan="27"|1997
| ''Akka'' || "Akka Kele Akka", "Chicken Chicken Tandoori", "Rathriyadare Balu" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Manjula Gururaj Suma Shastri ||
|-
| ''[[America! America!!]]'' || "Baanalli Odo Megha", "Nooru Janmaku", "America America", "Hegide Nam Desha" || [[Mano Murthy]] || [[Nagathihalli Chandrashekar]] || Sangeetha Katti, Ramesh Chandra, Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Ammavra Ganda]]'' || "Uma Rama Shama" || Raj || Shyamsundar Kulkarni || ||
|-
| ''Anna Andre Nammanna'' || "Banthu Banthu", "Mutthu Mutthu", "Thalku Balku", "Vaare Vaare" || V. Manohar || Doddarange Gowda, Shyamsundar Kulkarni || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Balina Daari'' || "Kodanda Rama", "Chumma Chumma" || K. Kalyan || K. Kalyan || Manjula Gururaj, L. N. Shastry, K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Bhanda Alla Bahaddur'' || "Baare Baare Ningi", "Elu Eddelu", "Jamaayi Raja" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Honeymoon'' || "Mutthu Male", "Nee Nanna Rangu" || Sarang || Bhangi Ranga || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Jackie Chan'' || "Malle Malle", "Wake Up" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || K. S. Chithra, Sadhu Kokila ||
|-
| ''[[Janani Janmabhoomi]]'' || "Aadutha Haadutha" || Rajan Nagendra || J. M. Prahlad || ||
|-
| ''Jenina Hole'' || "Onde Nota" "Odi Odi Bandenu" || Rajesh Ramanath || Shyamsundar Kulkarni || K. S. Chithra, SPB ||
|-
| ''[[Jodi Hakki (film)|Jodi Hakki]]'' || "Kudure Eri Surya", "Jolly Jolly", "Neela Neela Neelambari" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Laali]]'' || "Chandana Kampa", "Maya Maya", "Suvvi Suvvi", "Baagile Illade" || V. Manohar || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Mahabharatha'' || "Oho Shanthala" || K. Kalyan || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''Manava 2022'' || "O Shivane", "Hero Hero", "Cheluvina Kavithe", "Manavane Srustigaida" || Nanda || R. N. Jayagopal || Bombay Shailaja, Chandrika Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Mavana Magalu'' || "Ammanni Ammanni" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Mommaga]]'' || "Sri Ranganu", "O Hoogale" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Mungarina Minchu]]'' || "Silence Silence", "Deepavalige", "Saki Shakuntala", "Hrudayada Anchinalli", "Vasanthadalli" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra, Sowmya, Chandrika Gururaj, C. Ashwath, Suma Shastry ||
|-
| ''Nodu Baa Nammoora'' || "Phala Phala Holeyuva", "Ele Sampige", "Janejane Ee Sundara" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar J M Prahlad || Manjula Gururaj
|-
| ''[[O Mallige]]'' || "Sevanthi Sevanthi", "Sura Sundara" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra, Sowmya Raoh ||
|-
| ''Police Bete'' || "Kannada Nadidu" || Ram Chakravarthy || Ohileshwara ||
|-
| ''Ranganna'' || "Bandlu Bandlu", "Baaro Baaro", "Mangoli Mangol", "Aajare Aaja" || Rajesh Ramanath || Shyamsundar Kulkarni Doddarange Gowda K. Kalyan Sri Ranga || Soumya K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Rangena Halliyage Rangada Rangegowda]]'' || "Poguve Ethake" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra, V. Manohar ||
|-
| ''Rough and Tough'' || "Akkipete Cottonpete", "Elle Irali Hege Irali" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga, K. Kalyan || Kusuma ||
|-
| ''Shruti Hakida Hejje'' || "Maduve Mantra" || [[Ramani Bharadwaj]] || [[Geethapriya]] || ||
|-
| ''Thayi Kotta Seere'' || "Arare Ee Preethiya" || K. Kalyan || K. Kalyan || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Ulta Palta (1997 film)|Ulta Palta]]'' || "Hucchara Santhe" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || V. Manohar ||
|-
| ''Zindabad'' || "Janma Bhoomi Idu" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || ||
|-
|rowspan="26"|1998
| ''[[A (Kannada film)|A]]'' || "Sumsumne Nagthale" || [[Gurukiran]] || [[Upendra (actor)|Upendra]] || ||
|-
| ''[[Andaman (1998 film)|Andaman]]'' || "Nenapu Nenapu" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Anthargami'' || "Bayakeya Lathe Idu" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || ||
|-
| ''Baaro Nanna Muddina Krishna'' || "Hudugi Hudugi" "Lancha Lancha" "Matagathiye" || Prakash Trishuli || Sowmya ||
|-
| ''Bhama Sathyabhama'' || "Entha Sundara Lokavidu" || Rajesh Ramanath || S. Narayan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Bhoomi Thayiya Chochchala Maga]]'' || "Le Le Le" "Saa Paa Ni Sa" "Naa Preethiya Huduga" "Jhumka Jhumka" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra Sowmya Ramesh Chandra ||
|-
| ''[[Doni Sagali]]'' || "Ah Nidirege" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Gadibidi Krishna]]'' || "Baare Baare" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || [[Rathnamala Prakash]] ||
|-
| ''[[Hello Yama]]'' || "Dingu Dongu" "Rambha Beda Jambha" || Sadhu Kokila || A. R. Babu Premkumar || Mangala, Kusuma Sadhu Kokila, [[Doddanna]], Sujatha Dath ||
|-
| ''[[Hendithghelthini]]'' || "Cheluve Cheluve" "Suvvale Suvvale" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Jaidev'' || "Minchu Minchu" "Hello Hello" "Boobi Boobi" || Rajesh Ramanath || Sri Chandru Sri Ranga Shyamsundar Kulkarni || K. S. Surekha Sowmya ||
|-
| ''[[Kurubana Rani]]'' || "Baare Nanna Kurubana Rani" "Yavvi Yaravvi" "Banna Bannada" "Baaravva Bhageerathi" || V. Manohar || K. Kalyan Doddarange Gowda || Preethi Uttam Singh K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Mari Kannu Hori Myage'' || "Love Madutheenantha" "Matthade Besara" || Rajesh Ramanath || Prakash Trishuli || Sowmya ||
|-
| ''Megha Banthu Megha'' || "Hey Rama" "Hoove Hoove" "Jam Antha Hudugi" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Manjula Gururaj Ramesh Chandra ||
|-
| ''Nammura Huduga'' || "Jari Jari" "Nammoor Hudga" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar Doddarange Gowda || ||
|-
| ''Number One'' || "Belli Chukki Baale" || Sadhu Kokila || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Shanti Shanti Shanti]]'' || "Bangalore Huduga" "Elaley" "Thakka Thakka Dhimi" "Imbiya Hanna" || [[Sandeep Chowta]] || Soumya Sanjeev Wadhwani [[Malgudi Subha]] Sujatha Dath ||
|-
| ''[[Simhada Guri]]'' || "Banthu Kamanabillu" "Nannede Goodina" || Shiva || Bhangi Ranga || Manjula Gururaj Suneetha ||
|-
| ''Sindhu'' || "Pongalu Sakkare Pongalu" "Shubhayoga Bali Bandide" || Sadguna Raj || S. Keshavamurthy || Chandrika Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Suvvi Suvvalali'' || "Engagementappo" "Ayya Ayya" "Mounave Mounave" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Ramesh Chandra, Manjula Gururaj, L. N. Shastry, K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Swasthik]]'' || "Idu Yelelu Janumada" "Minchula Minchadiru" "Jee Jee Kya Jee" || V. Manohar || Upendra || Shankar Shanbag Suma Shastry Upendra ||
|-
| ''Thavarina Kanike'' || "Aparanji Jodigalige" "Enthaha Jadoo" "Chandra Mancha" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Thayiya Runa'' || "Amma Ninna Munde" "Praya Moodi" || Ragaraja || Doddarange Gowda || Kusuma, L. N. Shastry, Sangeetha Katti ||
|-
| ''Thriller Killer'' || "Premavendare" "Roja O My Roja" "Thavare Kendavare" || Shree || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Veeranna'' || "O Premada Thutturi" "Mungara Navilu" || S. P. Raj || Doddarange Gowda || Sowmya ||
|-
| ''[[Yamalokadalli Veerappan]]'' || "Bittakku Ee Kaadu" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || Mangala ||
|-
|rowspan="31"|1999
| ''Aaha Nanna Maduveyanthe'' || "Chandanave Malligeye" "Dam Dam Dam" "Kali Kali Nodi Kali" "Sona Sona" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar K. Kalyan Sri Chandru || Vijayalakshmi ||
|-
| ''[[A. K. 47 (film)|AK 47]]'' || "Yaare Anjuburuki" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Arunodaya (film)|Arunodaya]]'' || "Oho Vayyara" "Uyyale Uyyale" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || ||
|-
| ''Chaitrada Chiguru'' || "Jeevanada Kanasella" "Megha Megha" "Nagu Nagu Nagutha" || V. Manohar || Doddarange Gowda V. Manohar K. Kalyan || Pallavi Badri Prasad, B. R. Chaya ||
|-
| ''Channappa Channegowda'' || "Ee Channappa Channegowda" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || ||
|-
| ''Coolie Raja'' || "Naanu Coolie" "Yaro Ee Haida" "Lakkamma" "Mysooru Malle" "Manasina Goodalli" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra Sunitha Latha Hamsalekha ||
|-
| ''Dalavayi'' || "Apple Apple" "Habba Habba" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Latha Hamsalekha [[Nanditha (singer)|Nanditha]], Ramesh Chandra ||
|-
| ''[[Drona (1999 film)|Drona]]'' || "Yaarinda Hoovondu" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Habba]]'' || "Jenina Goodu Naavella" "Yaale Yaale" "Channappa Channegowda" "Habba Habba" "Onde Usiranthe" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra Ramesh Chandra Nanditha Vishnu ||
|-
| ''[[Hrudaya Hrudaya]]'' || "Ivale Nanna Rani" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || [[Shiva Rajkumar]], Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Idu Entha Premavayya]]'' || "Andada Chandramancha" || Gurukiran || K. Kalyan || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Janumadatha]]'' || "Bombu Hako Desha" "Saagara Theeradi" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar B. S. Madhumathi || Sangeetha Katti ||
|-
| ''[[Kanooru Heggadithi]]'' || "Hoguvenu Naa" || [[B. V. Karanth]] || [[Kuvempu]] || ||
|-
| ''Kubera'' || "Maaraanis Ammannis" "Oscar Banthu Oscar" "Twinkle Twinkle" || Rajesh Ramanath || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Meese Hottha Gandasige Demandappo Demandu'' || "Saalappo Salappo" "Dikki Dikki" "Kempi Kempi" "Amma Lottery" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Sunitha Prakash Latha Hamsalekha ||
|-
| ''Nanenu Madlilla'' || "Naanenu Madlilla" "Beladingalu Beladingalu" || K. Kalyan || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Nannaseya Hoove]]'' || "Nesara" "Hombale Hombale" "Enagoythamma" "Lachmi Lachmi" "Hennu Chanda Hennu" "Jaakai Jaapatre" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra Latha Hamsalekha ||
|-
| ''[[O Premave (1999 film)|O Premave]]'' || "O Jambada Koli" || [[Ravichandran (Kannada actor)|V. Ravichandran]] || K. Kalyan || Suma Shastry ||
|-
| ''[[Patela (film)|Patela]]'' || "Ammanannu Kaanada" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || ||
|-
| ''Prathibhatane'' || "Varadakshine" "Sarasakke Baare" "Hasuvina" "Baale Naviloora" "Chori Chori" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Premachari'' || "Rannano" "Yaari Premachari" "Tharikere Erimele" "Chellidaro Malligeya" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra Latha Hamsalekha Ramesh Chandra ||
|-
| ''[[Premotsava]]'' || "Mathugathi Missamma" || Praveen Dutt || Shyamsundar Kulkarni || ||
|-
| ''[[Ravimama]]'' || "Priya Priya Preethiya" || L. N. Shastry || S. Narayan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Snehaloka]]'' || "Loka Snehaloka" "Ooty Beauty" "Onde Usiranthe" "Thamta Takita" "Yarige Yaru Illa" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra [[Suresh Peters]] Ramesh Chandra ||
|-
| ''[[Surya Vamsha]]'' || "Meghagala Baagilali" "Belli Chukki Baninalli" "Chukki Chukki" || V. Manohar || S. Narayan Shyamsundar Kulkarni || K. S. Chithra Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Tuvvi Tuvvi Tuvvi]]'' || "Billi Billi" "Bande Naanu" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Upendra (film)|Upendra]]'' || "Raveena" || Gurukiran || Upendra || [[Annupamaa]] ||
|-
| ''[[Veerappa Nayaka]]'' || "Are Jing Jingale" "Ee Adaradali" "O Ambarave" || Rajesh Ramanath || S. Narayan || K. S. Chithra Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Vishwa (film)|Vishwa]]'' || "Anna Anna" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra, Mano, Latha Hamsalekha ||
|-
| ''[[Z (1999 film)|Z]]'' || "Prema Prema" || Rajesh Ramanath || K. Praveen Nayak || Sowmya ||
|-
| ''Bombat Halwa'' || "Andhada Jokumara" || Sarang || Bhangi Ranga || Manjula Paramesh ||
|-
|}

====2000 - 2009====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width="5%"| Year!! width="25%"|Film!!width="25%"| Song(s)!!width="15%"| Music composer!! Lyricist!!width="15%"| Co-singer(s)!! Notes
|-
|rowspan="34"|2000
| ''[[Andhra Hendthi]]'' || "Hakki Pakki" "Swara Raga" "Cham Cham" "Kannige Habba" "Pranaya Bayasi" "Masthu Masthu Hudugi" "Kaddu Kaddu Nodabeda" || Shivamaya || Sri Chandru V. Manohar || Nanditha Sujatha Dath Murali ||
|-
| ''Bannada Hejje'' || "Meenu Eeji" "Nagubandaru Alubandaru" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || || Winner - [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer]]
|-
| ''Bhagavan Dada'' || "Kaasu Huttodu" "Om Shivane" || Rajesh Ramanath || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''Bhakta Ayyappa'' || "Omkara Pranavanaada" || Gandharva || [[V. Nagendra Prasad]] || ||
|-
| ''Bharatha Naari'' || "Dilwale Aseyagide" "Sweekarisu Sweekarisu" "Thumbthumbikondu" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Sangeetha Katti Sowmya ||
|-
| ''[[Bhoomi (2000 film)|Bhoomi]]'' || "Maalige Maneya" || Gandharva || Gandharva || ||
|-
| ''[[Deepavali (2000 film)|Deepavali]]'' || "Nooraru Banna Seri" || [[M. M. Keeravani]] || K. Kalyan || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Devara Maga]]'' || "Ye Nanji" "Thayilla Thavarilla" "Vasantha Bhoomige" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Manjula Gururaj K. S. Chithra Anuradha Paudwal ||
|-
| ''Gajina Mane'' || "Belli Baana" "Bevu Bella" "Huduga E Huduga" || Gandharva || V. Nagendra Prasad || Manjula Gururaj Sowmya ||
|-
| ''[[Galate Aliyandru]]'' || "Kundapurada Meenamma" || [[Deva (composer)|Deva]] || S. Narayan || L. N. Shastry, Shiva Rajkumar ||
|-
| ''[[Hagalu Vesha]]'' || "Beladingala Benne Kaddu" "Eai Thundu Naadina" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Hats Off India]]'' || "You Read Love" "Kannada Chitrava" "Naadirdhinna" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Latha Hamsalekha ||
|-
| ''Jee Boomba'' || "Chukku Bukku" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || Sowmya ||
|-
| ''Jeevana Raga'' || "Ileya Manamohini" || Rajesh Ramanath || Doddarange Gowda || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Kadlimatti Station Master'' || "Kadlimattiya Gandu" "Aiholeya Shilpagale" || Amarapriya || || Sujatha Dath Chandrika Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Khiladi'' || "Monica I am from America" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Krishna Leele]]'' || "Kande Kande" "Kachaguli Huduga" || V. Manohar || R. N. Jayagopal K. Kalyan || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Mahathma'' || "Naanu Neenu" || V. Ravichandran || K. Kalyan || Suma Shastry ||
|-
| ''Mava Mava Maduve Mado'' || "Usire Mellusire" "Ee Hetthordonde Drama" || L. N. Shastry || K. Kalyan || [[Archana Udupa]] L. N. Shastry, Mangala, Suma Shastry, M. R. Ramesh ||
|-
| ''[[Nan Hendthi Chennagidale]]'' || "Nanna Hendthi" "Maduve Madi" "Bhoomigondu Banna" || Rajesh Ramanath || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''Nannavalu Nannavalu'' || "Nannavalu Nannavalu" || Prashanth Raj || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''Papigala Lokadalli'' || "Andha Anubandha" "Chumma Chumma" || Sadhu Kokila || K. Kalyan || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Poli Bhava'' || "ABCD Kaliyuva" "Sixu Sixu" || M. S. Maruthi || Bhangi Ranga || Chandrika Gururaj Sujatha Dath ||
|-
| ''[[Preethse]]'' || "Holi Holi" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || SPB, K. S. Chithra, Anuradha Paudwal ||
|-
| ''Premi'' || "Ellinda Hege Bandalu" || N. Govardhan || Anamika || ||
|-
| ''[[Soorappa]]'' || "Badavan Mane Oota" "Yaru Kanada Saptasagara" "Mangala Ragada" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Sparsha (film)|Sparsha]]'' || "Managala Sarigama" "Sangathi Heegeke Nee Doora" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Archana Udupa K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Sulthan'' || "Thande Post" "Kalla Kalla" "Yamange Bari" "Soundarya Hennayito" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Sunitha Ramesh Chandra ||
|-
| ''Sundara Purusha'' || "Thirupathiya Srinivasa" "Preethi Huttuva" "Sundara Sundara" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Chandru || Sowmya ||
|-
| ''[[Swalpa Adjust Madkolli]]'' || "Baduku Olavina" "Chali Chali" "Aisa Aisa" "Chandavalli" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Chandru V. Manohar K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Uttara Dhruvadim Dakshina Dhruvaku'' || "Uttara Dhruvadim" || Vijay Anand || Abbas Abbalagere || Archana Udupa ||
|-
| ''[[Yajamana (2000 film)|Yajamana]]'' || "O Maina O Maina" "Prema Chandrama" "Mysooru Mallige" "Namma Maneyali" "Shree Gandhada Gombe" || Rajesh Ramanath || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra SPB ||
|-
| ''[[Yare Nee Abhimani]]'' || "Ramya Krishna" "Vasa Vasa Srinivasa" "Hello Usire" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Yaarige Saluthe Sambala]]'' || "Yaarige Saluthe" "Deepadinda Deepa" "Male Ah Female Ah" "Shravana Veeneya" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Hemanth, Ramesh Chandra, Archana Udupa, Nanditha, Manjula Gururaj, G V Athri Latha Hamsalekha ||
|-
|rowspan="26"|2001
| ''Amma Ninna Tholinalli'' || "Arere Bannada Loka" "Sambhrama Sambhrama" || L. N. Shastry || K. Kalyan || Sowmya Sangeetha Katti ||
|-
| ''Anjali Geethanjali'' || "Anjali Geethanjali" "Oho Panchamiye" || Prashanth Raj || S. Narayan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Asura (2001 film)|Asura]]'' || "Maha Ganapati" "Karuneye Illada" "Nangu Modalu Ningu Modalu" "Preethige Beleyilla" "Enu Madideyo" || Gurukiran || K. Kalyan || Nanditha K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Aunty Preethse]]'' || "Dayana Dayana" "Preethi Kadalalli" "Sneha Deepavali" || L. N. Shastry || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra [[Hemanth (singer)|Hemanth]] L. N. Shastry ||
|-
| ''Avaran Bit Ivaran Bit Avaryaar'' || "Hey Kande Kande" "Hua Kya Hua" "See Cinema" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Hemanth, Nanditha, Divya Latha Hamsalekha Soumya Rao ||
|-
| ''Baanallu Neene Bhuviyallu Neene'' || "Nenapugale Sukha" || Prashanth Raj || S. Narayan || [[Anuradha Sriram]] ||
|-
| ''[[Chitte]]'' || "Namma Mane Angalada" "Chitte Chitte" "Belaku Iruva" "Olagadi Yaru Illa" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Gatti Mela'' || "Banthu Banthu Preethi" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Halappa'' || "Jambhadambaari" "Preethiya Belaku" "Hrudayava" "Nandi Yeri Baa" "Halakki Halakki" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || K. S. Chithra Sujatha Dath ||
|-
| ''[[Huchcha]]'' || "Usire Usire" || Rajesh Ramanath || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''Jenugoodu'' || "Jenugoodinanthe" "Mamatheya Bandhana" || Prashanth Raj || S. Narayan || ||
|-
| ''Kalla Police'' || "Priya Priyathame" "Prema Kogile" "Chandana Kinthaa" || Gandharva || Gandharva || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''[[Kurigalu Saar Kurigalu]]'' || "Sondi Sondi" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Hemanth, Ramesh Chandra ||
|-
| ''Mafia'' || "Jagave Jebinalli" || Gopi Krishna || Hamsalekha || Hemanth, Mangala ||
|-
| ''[[Mahalakshmi (film)|Mahalakshmi]]'' || "Aakashadaache" || N. Govardhan || Ramesh Rao || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Mathadana]]'' || "Idu Modalane Haadu" "Olavali Haadithe Hamsa" "Aidu Varshakkomme" "Aluva Kadalolu" || C. Ashwath V. Manohar || V. Manohar [[Siddalingaiah]] [[Gopalakrishna Adiga]] || Nanditha K. S. Surekha, [[M. D. Pallavi]] B. R. Chaya ||
|-
| ''Namma Samsara Ananda Sagara'' || "Masthu Masthu Kushiyalli" "Kanaso Nanaso" "Preethi Namma Balige" "Namma Samsara" "Laila Laila" || Prashanth Raj || Sri Chandru || ||
|-
| ''[[Nanna Preethiya Hudugi]]'' || "Adeke Kothi Moothi" "Baa Baaro" || Mano Murthy || Nagathihalli Chandrashekar || Sangeetha Katti Anuradha Paudwal ||
|-
| ''[[Neela (film)|Neela]]'' || "Aa Meru Ee Meru" || Vijaya Bhaskar || Kotiganahalli Ramayya || Vani Jairam ||
|-
| ''Sarovara'' || "O Chukkigale" "Geethanjali" "Banna Bannada" || K. Kalyan || K. Kalyan || Nagachandrika Badri Prasad ||
|-
| ''[[Shaapa]]'' || "Ee Nadiyalli" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Sundara Neenu Sundari Nanu'' || "Naa Sundara Nee Sundari" "Raja Rani" || Rajesh Ramanath || K. Kalyan || Nanditha Archana Udupa ||
|-
| ''Thimmaraya'' || "Kamsale" "Ninna Bittu" || Sadhu Kokila || Bhangi Ranga || L. N. Shastry, Suma Shastry ||
|-
| ''[[Vaalee (2001 film)|Vaalee]]'' || "Mele Chandrana" || Rajesh Ramanath || K. Kalyan || Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''Vishalakshammana Ganda'' || "Rasaane Kudidare" || Prashanth Raj || Sri Chandru || [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]], Archana Udupa, Ramesh Chandra ||
|-
| ''Yaarige Beda Duddu'' || "Meghave Meghave" "Yaarige Beda" "Yamma Yamma" || M N Krupakar || Doddarange Gowda M. N. Krupakar || Tennis Krishna Nanditha Sujatha Dath ||
|-
|rowspan="29"|2002
| ''Annayya Thammayya'' || "Chukki Baale Chukki Baale" || Prashanth Raj || S. Narayan || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Balagalittu Olage Baa]]'' || "Hey Rama Rama" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Archana Udupa ||
|-
| ''[[Balarama (film)|Balarama]]'' || "Entha Chanda Nodi" "Seere Utta Singari" "Veermanre" "Rama Balarama" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Sangeetha Katti Divya Raghavan Latha Hamsalekha ||
|-
| ''Bhootayyana Makkalu'' || "Rambe Rambe" "Savira Kavigala" "Oho Chaitrave" "Jogada Siri Belakinalli" "Beladingala Ooralli" "Koti Prema Kathegalu" || Rajesh Ramanath || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Chandu (2002 film)|Chandu]]'' || "Avala Olava Nage" || Gurukiran || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''Cheluve Ondu Heltheeni'' || "Idu Preethiya Darbaru" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Latha Hamsalekha ||
|-
| ''[[Dakota Express]]'' || "Jhum Anthu" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Ekangi]]'' || "Hudugi Superamma" "Nee Madid Thappa" || V. Ravichandran || V. Ravichandran || Suresh Peters, Annupamaa ||
|-
| ''[[H2O (2002 film)|H2O]]'' || "I want to Kiss" || Sadhu Kokila || Upendra || Prathima Rao ||
|-
| ''[[Jamindaru]]'' || "Ganga Ganga" || M. M. Keeravani || S. Narayan || Manjula Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Kitty'' || "Munjane Munjane" "Silku Silku" || Gurukiran || V. Nagendra Prasad || Nanditha [[Shamitha Malnad]] ||
|-
| ''[[Kodanda Rama]]'' || "Dumdoola" || V. Ravichandran || V. Ravichandran || L. N. Shastry, Hemanth ||
|-
| ''Love U'' || "Mounave Mounave" || Gurukiran || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''[[Majestic (film)|Majestic]]'' || "Naane Naane" "Thangali Mele" || Sadhu Kokila || V. Nagendra Prasad || Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''[[Makeup (2002 film)|Makeup]]'' || "Bhol Bhol" "Dimple Dimple" "Jaka Jaka Janaka" || John || K. Kalyan || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Manasella Neene]]'' || "Preethiye Ninna" "Jheer Jimbe" "Arathi Arathi" || Raviraj || V. Manohar Belur Ramamurthy || Swarnalatha ||
|-
| ''[[Nagarahavu (2002 film)|Nagarahavu]]'' || "Ede Chippinalli" "I want to say" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''Neela Megha Shyama'' || "Natakushina" "Preethsodalli" "Sangama Jeeva" "Uli Uli" || Prashanth Raj || Raj Kishore || Archana Udupa Nanditha Baby Sindhu ||
|-
| ''[[Ninagagi]]'' || "Ellelli Naa Nodali" || Gurukiran ||rowspan="3"| K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''[[Ninagoskara]]'' || "Rexona Luxona" || L. N. Shastry || Sujatha Dath ||
|-
| ''[[Ninne Preethisuve]]'' || "Prema Pathra" "Kogileya Haadu" "Olave Nanna Olave" "Nanna Preethiya" "Gudiya Ganteyu" "Ninna Preethiya" || Rajesh Ramanath || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Police Officers (film)|Police Officers]]'' || "Nammamma Annamma" "Soundarya Nachide" "Hosa Hudugi" || Shivamaya || Sri Ranga || Sujatha Dath Sowmya ||
|-
| ''Preethi Mado Hudugarigella'' || "Harere Harere" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Latha Hamsalekha ||
|-
| ''Prema Khaidi'' || "Yenaagoythoo" || Prashanth Raj || V. Nagendra Prasad || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Punjabi House'' || "Kanda Kanasella" "Henne Sundara" "Higgi Higgi" || Anantha Rajan || Rudramurthy Shastry Shyamsundar Kulkarni || Chandrika Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Shabda'' || "Nanna Jeevave" || M. N. Krupakar || Rajendra Babu || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Simhadriya Simha]]'' || "Malnad Adike" || Deva || S. Narayan || SPB, Chandrika Gururaj ||
|-
| ''Tapori'' || "Kaantha Kaantha" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Divya Raghavan ||
|-
| ''Vamshakkobba'' || "Rani Nanna Rani" || Sadhu Kokila || V. Nagendra Prasad || Nanditha ||
|-
|rowspan="32"|2003
| ''Dumbee'' || "Macche Macche" "Haayiro" "Kshamiseya" || Hamsalekha || Aadarsh Hamsalekha || Archana Udupa ||
|-
| ''Daali'' || "Prema Kogile" || Kumar Eshwar ||rowspan="2"| K. Kalyan || Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''[[Laali Haadu]]'' || "Koti Koti Hoogalige" "Magale Magale" || Sadhu Kokila || Shamitha Malnad ||
|-
| ''[[Pakka Chukka]]'' || "Yavva Yavva" "Ghal Ghal" || S. Narayan || S. Narayan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Neenandre Ishta]]'' || "Nange Neene Ishta" || Bharadwaj || V. Nagendra Prasad || Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''Mooru Manasu Nooru Kanasu'' || "Kannada Devara Prema" "Monica Monica" "Yoganu Yogavo" || L. N. Shastry || V. Nagendra Prasad Sai Chandra || Nanditha Sowmya ||
|-
| ''Nimma Preethiya Huduga'' || "Naa Ninna Preethiya" || S. P. Venkatesh || K. Kalyan || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Katthegalu Saar Katthegalu]]'' || "Eno Thumba Kushiyagidya" "Sathyavantharige" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Hemanth, [[Chetan Sosca]], Nandini ||
|-
| ''Hello'' || "Roja Roja" "Singapuradalli" || Shrishyla || K. Kalyan || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Paris Pranaya]]'' || "Aa Biliyara Deshada" || Prayog || Nagathihalli Chandrashekar || K. S. Chithra, [[Madhu Balakrishnan]] ||
|-
| ''Nee Illade Naa Illa Kane'' || "Preethi Madu Bare" || Shrishyla || Sri Chandru || Shamitha Malnad ||
|-
| ''[[Kushalave Kshemave]]'' || "Bhagavantha" "Aa Devara" "Babilona Babilona" "Telephone Gelathi" "Nannolave Nannolave" || Rajesh Ramanath ||rowspan="3"| K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Lankesh Patrike (film)|Lankesh Patrike]]'' || "Endo Kanda Kanasu" || Babji-Sandeep || [[Kavita Krishnamurthy]] ||
|-
| ''Black and White'' || "O Nanna Chooti" "Jaga Ondu Devalaya" || Rajesh Ramanath || ||
|-
| ''[[Ooh La La (film)|Ooh La La]]'' || "Dumbi Banthu" || Suresh Devakumar || Anand || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Hudugigaagi'' || "Jaanathi Jaanarinda" || Babji-Sandeep || Shashank || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Nanjundi]]'' || "Koli Ko Koli" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || ||
|-
| ''[[Kasu Iddone Basu]]'' || "Kasu Iddone" "Innu Yaake" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || ||
|-
| ''Lovve Pasagali'' || "Ye Gelathi" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || [[B. Jayashree]] ||
|-
| ''[[Raktha Kanneeru]]'' || "Kanneridu Raktha Kanneridu" || Sadhu Kokila || Upendra || ||
|-
| ''[[Hrudayavantha]]'' || "Annayya Hrudayavantha" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Chigurida Kanasu]]'' || "Shubhayoga Koodi Banthamma" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Ondagona Baa]]'' || "Eno Madi Madide" "Lovvisu Nanna Kissisu" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Nanditha Mahalakshmi Iyer ||
|-
| ''Hucchana Maduveli Undone Jana'' || "Barayya Poli" "Jhum Jhum" "Mohabbath Moodibanthu" "Neene Neene" || Prashanth Raj || V. Nagendra Prasad || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Ree Swalpa Bartheera'' || "Ninage Neene" "Chithrada Chora" "Mysooru Henne" "Cham Cham" || Venkat-Narayan || T. Nagaraj || Shamitha Malnad Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Daasa]]'' || "Preethisu Baa" "Yavalappa Rani" || Sadhu Kokila || K. Kalyan || Nanditha Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''[[Partha (film)|Partha]]'' || "Ee Preethi" || Gurukiran || [[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]] || ||
|-
| ''[[Excuse Me (2003 film)|Excuse Me]]'' || "Preethige Janma" || R. P. Patnaik || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''Dhad Dhad'' || "Yene Kampana" || Madhukar || Ananth || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Mani (2003 film)|Mani]]'' || "Nanna Edeya" || Raja ||rowspan="2"| K. Kalyan || M. D. Pallavi ||
|-
| ''[[Annavru (2003 film)|Annavru]]'' || "Ah Mavina Thopinalli" "Dimdima Dolu Badi" ||rowspan="2"| Rajesh Ramanath || Nanditha Hemanth ||
|-
| ''[[Swathi Muthu]]'' || "Suvvi Suvvi" "Mangalya" "Andada Chendada" "Amma Dharma" "Manasu Bareda" || V. Nagendra Prasad || K. S. Chithra Nanditha ||
|-
| rowspan="33"|2004
| ''Abbabba Entha Huduga'' || "Say Say Endide Manasu" || Suresh Kumar || V. Nagendra Prasad ||rowspan="2"| K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Om Ganesh'' || "Manase Manase" || M. N. Krupakar || M. N. Krupakar ||
|-
| ''[[Dharma (2004 film)|Dharma]]'' || "Meghashyama Baa" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha ||rowspan="3"| Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Teenagers'' || "Baaninalliyu" "I Love You" "Preethine Ambara" || M. N. Krupakar ||
|-
| ''Maha Sambhrama'' || "Hunnime Chellida" "Belura Shileyante" "Manujararannu" "Ileya Belago" || Sangeetha Priya || V. Nagendra Prasad ||
|-
| ''Sagari'' || "21st Century" "Ee Lokave Sundara" ||rowspan="3"| Sadhu Kokila || Sri Chandru || Hemanth ||
|-
| ''[[Y2K (2004 film)|Y2K]]'' || "Bidenu Bidenu" || Ram Narayan || Swarnalatha ||
|-
| ''[[Darshan (2004 film)|Darshan]]'' || "O Surya Ninage" "Saalu Saalinalli" ||rowspan="2"| V. Nagendra Prasad || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Ranga SSLC]]'' || "Chitte Chitte" "Manase Manase" || Sandeep Chowta || Shamitha Malnad K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Monalisa (film)|Monalisa]]'' || "Ee Manasella Neene" "O Priyathame" || Valisha-Sandeep || K. Kalyan V. Nagendra Prasad || [[Shreya Ghoshal]] ||
|-
| ''Hendthi Andre Hendthi'' || "Jeeva Gange" "Hendthi Andre Hendthi" "Vandane Hrudayave" "Vandane Vandane" || Gopikrishna || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra Manjula Gururaj Divya Raghavan ||
|-
| ''Nija'' || "Priyathama Priyathama" || Raj Bharath || Sri Ranga || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Ramakrishna (2004 Kannada film)|Rama Krishna]]'' || "Gili Gili Giliye" || S. A. Rajkumar || V. Nagendra Prasad || [[Mathangi]] ||
|-
| ''[[Baa Baaro Rasika]]'' || "Sakhi O Sakhi" || Mahesh || Shashank || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Sakhi'' || "Nannase Hoove" "Yari Sakhi" || L. N. Shastry ||rowspan="2"| K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra Suma Shastry ||
|-
| ''[[Love (2004 film)|Love]]'' || "Jil Jil" "Twinkle Twinkle" || [[A. R. Rahman]] [[Anu Malik]] || [[Lakshmi Nataraj]] ||
|-
| ''[[Gowdru]]'' || "En Gowdre" "Helu Hamsa Pakshi" "Gandhada Pada" "Male Banda" ||rowspan="2"| Hamsalekha ||rowspan="2"| Hamsalekha || Hemanth, Nanditha Archana Udupa Divya Raghavan ||
|-
| ''[[Sarvabhouma]]'' || "Saare Jahan Se Acha" || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Bhagawan (2004 film)|Bhagawan]]'' || "Jeeva Jeevakke" "Chandrana Ooralli" ||rowspan="3"| Rajesh Ramanath || Dwarki K. Kalyan || Lakshmi Manmohan Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Ajju'' || "Na Manasothenu" "Ee Premadaramba" "Anuraga Anuraga" || Sri Chandru || Shamitha Malnad Priyadarshini ||
|-
| ''[[Pakkadmane Hudugi]]'' || "Anda Chendada" "Nanna Muddina" "Aha Chatura Naari" "Ondondu Hoovigu" "O Premave" || Thadur Keshav Ramnarayan K. Kalyan || L. N. Shastry Lakshmi Manmohan ||
|-
| ''Bidalaare'' || "Yenu Naguve" || Indra KM || Indra KM || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Apthamitra]]'' || "Baara Baara" "Raara Sarasaku Raara" || Gurukiran || Goturi || [[Nithyashree Mahadevan]] Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Shuklambaradharam'' || "Suvvi Suvvale" "Manujana Baalalli" "Jigi Jigidu" "Shuklambaradharam" || S. P. Chandrakanth || S. Jagannath || Mahalakshmi Iyer Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Praana'' || "Idu Enidenidu" || Alwyn Fernandes || Sri Chandru || Sowmya ||
|-
| ''[[Kalasipalya (film)|Kalasipalya]]'' || "Kencha O Kencha" "Suntaragali Suntaragali" || Sadhu Kokila || K. Kalyan || Nanditha Malathy Lakshman ||
|-
| ''[[Nalla]]'' || "Malage Malage Gubbimari" || Venkat Narayan || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''Santhosha'' || "Ee Baduku Sundara" "Chamile Chamile" || Prayog || Nagathihalli Chandrashekar M. N. Vyasa Rao || Shamitha Malnad ||
|-
| ''Trin Trin'' || "Love Me" ||rowspan="2"| Rajesh Ramanath ||rowspan="2"| K. Kalyan || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Aliya Mane Tholiya'' || "Oppikondavarige Omkara" || ||
|-
| ''[[Joke Falls]]'' || "Gandhavathi" "Swaraga Shrusti Modala" || Mano Murthy ||rowspan="2"| V. Nagendra Prasad || Chetan Sosca ||
|-
| ''[[Saradara]]'' || "Kanninalli Preethi" "Pipi Dollu" "Gili Gili" || Venkat Narayan || ||
|-
| ''[[Jyeshta (film)|Jyeshta]]'' || "O Kanchana" "Nennegala Nenapugale" "Lolakku Jhumaki" ||rowspan="2"| S. A. Rajkumar || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], [[Kalpana Raghavendar]] ||
|-
|rowspan="26"|2005
| ''[[Maharaja (2005 film)|Maharaja]]'' || "Kuni Kuni" "Santheya Beediyalli" "Gopala Gopala" || K. Kalyan V. Nagendra Prasad || Manjula Gururaj Kalpana ||
|-
| ''[[Rishi (2005 film)|Rishi]]'' || "Sogase Sogase" || Gurukiran ||rowspan="2"| V. Manohar || Gurukiran, Chetan Sosca ||
|-
| ''[[Olave (film)|Olave]]'' || "Kanyakumari Kanyakumari" || B. R. Hemanth || ||
|-
| ''[[Yashwanth]]'' || "Moda Modalu" || [[Mani Sharma]] || Kaviraj || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Inspector Jhansi'' || "Praya Praya" || Sameer Sen - Dilip Sen || V. Nagendra Prasad || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Jootata]]'' || "Oh Sona" || R. P. Patnaik || Kaviraj || R. P. Patnaik ||
|-
| ''[[Kashi from Village]]'' || "Nooraru Kaala" "Andave Andave" "Happy Happy Birthday" || Koti || K. Kalyan || Lakshmi Manmohan Mano ||
|-
| ''Preethisu'' || "Ninne Preethisuve" "Nanna Bala Jyothi" || Theja || Siddaraju || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Aakash (film)|Aakash]]'' || "Enidu Ee Dina" || R. P. Patnaik || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''[[Gunna (film)|Gunna]]'' || "O My Love" || Mahesh || Dwarki || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Mr. Bakra]]'' || "Hannu Magide" "Rajani Rathi" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Aham Premasmi]]'' || "Praya Praya" || V. Ravichandran || V. Ravichandran || Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''Nan Love Madthiya'' || "Nanna Nee Ninna" "O Nanna Usire" || Mysore Gopi || Hamsalekha || Ujjaini Divya Raghavan ||
|-
| ''[[Sye (2005 film)|Sye]]'' || "Baare Baa Baa" || Gurukiran || Kaviraj || Mangala ||
|-
| ''[[Masala (2005 film)|Masala]]'' || "Sparshana" "Adalu Badalu" || Sadhu Kokila || Manjunath Rao Kaviraj || Lakshmi ||
|-
| ''[[Siddu (film)| Siddu]]'' || "Soorya Thampu" || R. P. Patnaik ||rowspan="2"| Kaviraj || Shreya Ghoshal ||
|-
| ''[[Valmiki (2005 film)|Valmiki]]'' || "Ale Ale" || Gurukiran || ||
|-
| ''Abhinandane'' || "Suryanige Benne" "Pakka Pakka" "Hucchanaade" "Mounada Modalakshara" "Madhura Madhura" "Devaraane" || K. Kalyan || K. Kalyan || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Auto Shankar (film)|Auto Shankar]]'' || "Kabadi Kabadi" || Gurukiran || Kaviraj || Malathy Lakshman ||
|-
| ''[[Amrithadhare]]'' || "Gelathi Gelathi" || Mano Murthy || Nagathihalli Chandrashekar || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Boyfriend'' || "Muriye Mounana" "Hegiddavalle" || Indra KM || Indra KM || Nanditha M. D. Pallavi ||
|-
| ''[[Swamy (2005 film)|Swamy]]'' || "Gaali Bandaaga" || Gurukiran || Kaviraj || [[Chaitra H. G.]] ||
|-
| ''Samarasimha Naika'' || "Chaitrave Ninna" || M. N. Krupakar || M. N. Krupakar || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Shambu (2005 film)|Shambu]]'' || "Radhe Radhe" || Ramesh Krishna || Anand || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Love Story (2005 film)|Love Story]]'' || "Nanna Ninna" "Yaare Neenu Cheluve" || S. A. Rajkumar || K. Kalyan || Shamitha Malnad ||
|-
| ''[[Sakha Sakhi]]'' || "Ammanni Ammanni" || Sadhu Kokila || Sri Ranga || Malathi, Latha ||
|-
|rowspan="29"|2006
| ''[[Mandya (film)|Mandya]]'' || "Moriya Oh Bappa" || Gurukiran || Kaviraj || ||
|-
| ''O Priyathama'' || "Mareyadiru Ee Preethiya" ||rowspan="2"| Valisha-Sandeep || K. Kalyan || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Shree (2006 film)|Shree]]'' || "Yaro Neenu" "Deepa Deepa" || Kaviraj V. Manohar || Nanditha K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Seven O' Clock]]'' || "Ee Dina Kushiyagide" || M. S. Madhukar || K. Ram Narayan || Nithya Santhoshini ||
|-
| ''[[My Autograph]]'' || "Malli Hudugi" "Nannavalu" || Bharadwaj || K. Kalyan || Rashmi ||
|-
| ''[[Suntaragaali]]'' || "Ene Madona" || Sadhu Kokila || Ranganath || Malathy Lakshman ||
|-
| ''Ramya Chaitrakala'' || "Bhalle Bhalle" || S. Shyam Sundar || Doddarange Gowda || Sangeetha Katti ||
|-
| ''Hetthavara Kanasu'' || "Modale Chaligaala" "Sridevi Lakshmi" || [[Vandemataram Srinivas]] ||rowspan="2"| K. Kalyan || Lakshmi ||
|-
| ''[[Ashoka (2006 film)|Ashoka]]'' || "Manasello Ello" "Thai Thai Bangari" || Sadhu Kokila || Nanditha Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
| ''[[Thandege Thakka Maga]]'' || "Jaajiya Hoo Chanda" "Savaalaaku" || S. A. Rajkumar || V. Nagendra Prasad Kaviraj ||rowspan="2"| K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Shubham (film)|Shubham]]'' || "Ee Dhamani Dhamani" "Ee Mounava" || Gurukiran || V. Nagendra Prasad K. Kalyan ||
|-
| ''[[Ambi (film)|Ambi]]'' || "Hey Hrudaya" "Manasige Manasige" || V. Nagendra Prasad || V. Nagendra Prasad || Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
| ''Belli Betta'' || "Guruvillade" || A. T. Raveesh || Shivamurthy || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Honeymoon Express (2006 film)|Honeymoon Express]]'' || "Chikka Chikka Manasugalu" || R. P. Patnaik || Ram Narayan || Maalavika ||
|-
| ''[[Thirupathi (2006 Kannada film)|Thirupathi]]'' || "Lakha Lakha Huduga" || Rajesh Ramanath || Kaviraj || Sunitha ||
|-
| ''[[Jackpot (2006 film)|Jackpot]]'' || "Sakha Sakha" || Hameed || Ram Narayan || Lakshmi Manmohan ||
|-
| ''[[Neenello Naanalle]]'' || "Nooraru Hrudayagalu" "Onti Hakki" "Aakasha Bhoomiya" || Ramesh Krishna || Kaviraj || Sumangali Hemanth ||
|-
| ''[[Odahuttidavalu]]'' || "Baaro Baaro Maava" || R. P. Patnaik || Ram Narayan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Mahanagara'' || "O Mugile" || Naga-Mahesh || Muniswamy || ||
|-
| ''[[Jothe Jotheyali]]'' || "Soorya Kannu Hodeda" || [[V. Harikrishna]] || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''Autograph Please'' || "Hrudaya Mathaduva" "Kannigu Kannerigu" "Sariye" || [[Arjun Janya]] || K. Kalyan Kaviraj || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Thangigagi]]'' || "Onde Ondu" || Sadhu Kokila || [[A. P. Arjun]] || Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''[[Hubli (film)|Hubballi]]'' || "Pallakki Myala" || A. R. Hemanth || Padma Hemanth || Sripriya ||
|-
| ''Student'' || "Mellane Mellane" || R. P. Patnaik || Kaviraj || Sumangali ||
|-
| ''[[Care of Footpath]]'' || "Saadhane Saadhane" || Ravi Dattathreya || Hrudaya Shiva || ||
|-
| ''[[Madana (film)|Madana]]'' || "Onde Balli" || [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]] || V. Manohar || Chethan Sosca ||
|-
| ''Nage Habba'' || "Nage Habba" "Ninnandake Vayyarake" "Neeranu Tharisona" "Shoki" || Adarsha || Adarsha || Chaithra H. G. Shamitha Malnad ||
|-
| ''[[Kallarali Hoovagi]]'' || "Ninna Nenapinali" "Alimola Alimola" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Geeya Geeya'' || "Anandada Samaya" "Cheluva Chandana" "Naa Haado" || [[Bhavatharini]] || Ram Narayan Bhashya Ghulam || Nanditha ||
|-
|rowspan="38"|2007
| ''[[Ee Rajeev Gandhi Alla]]'' || "Huduga Huduga" || Sadhu Kokila || Kaviraj || Malathy Lakshman ||
|-
| ''Sneha Parva'' || "Brahmana" || Leo || V. Nagendra Prasad ||rowspan="3"| Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Thangiya Mane'' || "Manasemba Banalli" "Jeevanavu Jothe" || Raju Upendra || Shree Chandru ||
|-
| ''[[Duniya (2007 film)|Duniya]]'' || "Kariya I Love You" || V. Manohar || V. Nagendra Prasad ||
|-
| ''[[Parodi (film)|Parodi]]'' || "Huttiruva Mannige" ||rowspan="2"| Rajesh Ramanath || Su Rudramurthy Sastry || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''VIP 5'' || "O Priyathama" || Sree Chandru || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Ondu Preethiya Kathe'' || "Nooru Janmaku" "Preethi Shuru" || Gandharva || Rajashekar Rao Gandharva || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Rakshaka'' || "Entha Chandavo" "Ee Jeeva Nondide" || K. V. Ravichandra || K. V. Ravichandra || ||
|-
| ''Lancha Samrajya'' || "Baa Nanna Priye" || Raju Upendra || Keshavadithya || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Bhaktha'' || "Modagalache Swarga" "Novallu Loveide" "Jaga Beda" || [[Abhiman Roy]] || Raghu Sriram || ||
|-
| ''[[Janapada (film)|Janapada]]'' || "Hejje Itta Kade" || Hamsalekha || [[Baraguru Ramachandrappa]] || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Pallakki]]'' || "Bidu Bidu Kaddu Nododanna" || Gurukiran || Hrudaya Shiva || Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
| ''Dushman'' || "Thangaliyadudu" || S. P. Chandrakanth || T. S. Bagalakote || ||
|-
| ''[[Kshana Kshana]]'' || "I Love You" || R. P. Patnaik || K. Kalyan || Shreya Ghoshal ||
|-
| ''[[No 73, Shanthi Nivasa]]'' || "Preethi Endare" "Thayatha Thayatha" "Adadella Olledaythu" || Bharadwaj || K. Kalyan || Kalyani Archana Udupa, L. N. Shastry, Nanditha, [[Arun Sagar]], Master Hirannayya ||
|-
| ''[[Jambada Hudugi]]'' || "Nodi Nodi Ninna" || Rajesh Ramanath || Sree Chandru || ||
|-
| ''[[Ugadi (2007 film)|Ugadi]]'' || "Enayitho Nanna Olage" "So Much to Say" "Preethisuve Ninna" "Diri Diri" || R. P. Patnaik || K. Kalyan || Nanditha K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Snehana Preethina]]'' || "Sakku Sakku Sakku" || V. Harikrishna || V. Nagendra Prasad || Hemanth, Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
| ''[[Meera Madhava Raghava]]'' || "Vasantha Vasantha" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || [[Anuradha Bhat]] ||
|-
| ''[[Savi Savi Nenapu]]'' || "Sooryanu Ee Divasa" || R. P. Patnaik || [[Jayanth Kaikini]] || [[Sunitha Upadrashta]] ||
|-
| ''[[Maathaad Maathaadu Mallige]]'' || "Baaro Nam Therige" || Mano Murthy || Nagathihalli Chandrashekar || Nanditha, B. Jayashree ||
|-
| ''[[Gandana Mane]]'' || "Oho Gandana Mane" || V. Manohar || [[S. Mahendar]] || ||
|-
| ''[[Ninade Nenapu]]'' || "Naana Kane" "Heegeke Nanninda" || Aadhi Ram Sampath || Manjunath Rao || ||
|-
| ''Jeevana Dhaare'' || "Kannadiga Kannadiga" "Naanu Ninagagi Bande" || Raju Upendra || Muniraj Boodigere || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Milana (film)|Milana]]'' || "Madarangiyalli" || Mano Murthy || Jayanth Kaikini ||rowspan="2"| Shreya Ghoshal ||
|-
| ''[[Road Romeo]]'' || "Kuhu Kuhu Kogile" || K. M. Indra || K. M. Indra ||
|-
| ''Guna'' || "Yaaro Ariyenu" || Vijayanand || Kaviraj || Vidya ||
|-
| ''Agrahara'' || "Amma" || Vinay || Gururaj Hosakote || ||
|-
| ''Circle Rowdy'' || "Yaarivalu" "Nanna Kanasellavu" "Chali Chali" "Saniya Saniya" || M. N. Krupakar || V. Nagendra Prasad || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Shukra'' || "Hani Haniyo" || Gautham || Goturi || Sriraksha Aravind ||
|-
| ''[[Geleya]]'' || "Nanna Styleu Berene" || Mano Murthy || Kaviraj || Inchara ||
|-
| ''Snehanjali'' || "I AM in Love" "Preethiya Savinenapali" || Rajesh Ramanath || V. Nagendra Prasad Girish Kamplapura || Lakshmi ||
|-
| ''[[Ganesha (film)|Ganesha]]'' || "Belli Chukki" "Chakora Chakora" || [[Manikanth Kadri]] || Raghu Urdigar Kaviraj || Ujjainee Roy ||
|-
| ''[[Orata I Love You]]'' || "Ene Ene" "Saddu Saddu" "Yaaro Kannalli" || G. R. Shankar || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Gunavantha]]'' || "Oppisu" "Kolle Nanna" "Nanmele Kopa Yake" ||rowspan="2"| Hamsalekha ||rowspan="2"| Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Naanu Neenu Jodi]]'' || "Kagadada Doni" "Preethisalu Dhairya" || K. S. Chithra [[Sunidhi Chauhan]] ||
|-
| ''[[Ee Bandhana]]'' || "Lets Dance" || Mano Murthy || Kaviraj || Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
| ''[[Ee Preethi Yeke Bhoomi Melide]]'' || "Kallanivanu" || R. P. Patnaik || V. Nagendra Prasad || [[Nithyashree Mahadevan]] ||
|-
|rowspan="32"|2008
| ''[[Honganasu]]'' || "Kunwari Kunwari" ||rowspan="3"| Hamsalekha ||rowspan="3"| Hamsalekha || ||
|-
| ''[[Navashakthi Vaibhava]]'' || "Amma Endare" || ||
|-
| ''[[Yuga Yugagale Saagali]]'' || "Nange Neenu" || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Hani Hani (film)|Hani Hani]]'' || "Hani Hani" "Malli Malli" || S. Chinna || Ram Narayan Ullavi Prasad
|-
| ''Hogi Baa Magale'' || "Olagolage Agoithu" "Thank you So Much" || L. N. Shastry || Sree Chandru || Suma Shastry ||
|-
| ''[[Inthi Ninna Preethiya]]'' || "Ondonde Bachhitta Maathu" "Endu Endu Mugisada" || Sadhu Kokila || Yogaraj Bhat || Raksha Aravind ||
|-
| ''[[Manasugula Mathu Madhura]]'' || "Preethiyalli Eno Ide" "Goodu Bitta Hakkige" "Ninna Kannige Ondu" || K. Kalyan || K. Kalyan || Aishwarya Kalyan Divya Raghavan Sinchan Dixith ||
|-
| ''[[Gooli]]'' || "Gooli" "Kaddu Kaddu" || [[Anoop Seelin]] || P. Sathya || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Sathya In Love]]'' || "Romanchana" || Gurukiran || Kaviraj || Sicily ||
|-
| ''Happy New Year'' || "Neenenaa Neenenaa" || A. T. Raveesh || Sridhar-Shankar || Priyadarshini ||
|-
| ''[[Aramane]]'' || "Nagu Nagu" || Gurukiran || Kaviraj || ||
|-
| ''[[Gange Baare Thunge Baare]]'' || "Onde Ondu Saari" || Sadhu Kokila || Ranganath || ||
|-
| ''Aathmeeya'' || "Aralisu Baa Bega" || [[Manoj George]] || Ranga || [[Chinmayi Sripada|Chinmayi]] ||
|-
| ''[[Neene Neene]]'' || "Yenu Idu Yenu" || Srimurali || Kaviraj || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Channa'' || "Nannusirina Vedane" "Chenna Chenna" || Venkat-Narayan || Thangali Nagaraj || Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
| ''Huttidare Kannada Nadali Huttabeku'' || "Malayali Malayali" || K. M. Indra || K. M. Indra || Priya ||
|-
| ''[[Nee Tata Naa Birla]]'' || "Mutthu Kodala" || Gurukiran || Hrudaya Shiva || Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
| ''[[Taj Mahal (2008 film)|Taj Mahal]]'' || "Nee Nanna Manasinali" || Abhiman Roy || Abhiman Roy || ||
|-
| ''[[Bombaat]]'' || "Strawberry Kenneya" || Mano Murthy || Kaviraj || Supriya Ramakrishanaiah ||
|-
| ''[[Anthu Inthu Preethi Banthu]]'' || "Mandara Mandara" || Yuvan Shankar Raja || Hrudaya Shiva || ||
|-
| ''Kodagana Koli Nungitha'' || "Ee Ringina Nota" || Sadhu Kokila || Ram Narayan || Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''[[Ganesha Matthe Banda]]'' || "Bangalore Nande" || V. Manohar || Kaviraj || ||
|-
| ''[[Patre Loves Padma]]'' || "Hey Hudugi" || Arjun Janya || Chandrashekar Srivasthav || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Vamshi (film)|Vamshi]]'' || "Amalu Amalu" || R. P. Patnaik || Jayanth Kaikini || Harini Sudhakar ||
|-
| ''PUC'' || "Summane Summane" || T. Raviraj || Kaviraj || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Chikkamagaloora Chikka Mallige]]'' || "Nee Bareda Premageethe" || K. Kalyan || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''[[Baa Bega Chandamama]]'' || "Sangaathi Naa Ninna" "Iniyane Baaro" || H. G. Murali || Anand Ram V. Nagendra Prasad || Anuradha Bhat Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Sangathi'' || "Pada Bidisuva" "Nodidashtu Chenda" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Slum Bala]]'' || "Ale Aleyo" || Arjun Janya || [[Sumana Kittur]] || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Maharshi (2008 film)|Maharshi]]'' || "Saisiya" || Sree Murali ||rowspan="2"| Kaviraj || Apoorva Sridhar ||
|-
| ''[[Akka Thangi]]'' || "Tuvvi Tuvvi" ||rowspan="2"| V. Manohar || rowspan="2"| Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Janumada Gelathi]]'' || "Hrudaya Mugulu Nagalu" || Yogaraj Bhat ||
|-
|rowspan="23"|2009
| ''[[Nanda (film)|Nanda]]'' || "Aakasa Aagale" || V. Manohar || Jayanth Kaikini ||rowspan="3"| Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Yodha (2009 film)|Yodha]]'' || "Mangalyam Tanthunaanena" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha ||
|-
| ''[[KA-99 B-333]]'' || "Kuhoo Kuhoo" || Sangeet Raj || Sriharsha ||
|-
| ''[[Ee Sambhashane]]'' || "Thangali Aramanege" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar ||
|-
| ''Swathantra Palya'' || "Vidhiye" || M. N. Krupakar || Mohan || ||
|-
| ''Baaji'' || "Kenneya Mele" || G. R. Shankar || Hrudaya Shiva || ||
|-
| ''Hrudayagala Vishaya'' || "Ok Ella Ok" || Drums Deva || V. Manohar || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Nishedhagne'' || "Eko Kaane Manasella" || M. S. Giridhar || Hrudaya Shiva || Vasudha ||
|-
| ''Uda'' || "Udugoreyagi" || Bharanishree || Bharanishree || ||
|-
| ''Machcha'' || "Yaaro Preethi Thanda" || Arjun Janya || Malavalli Saikrishna || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Abhimani (film)|Abhimani]]'' || "Nannusiru Nannusiru" || Dharma Theja || Govindegowda || ||
|-
| ''Kalakar'' || "Manase Yaavaragadalli" || Giridhar Diwan || V. Manohar || Mangala ||
|-
| ''[[Nannedeya Haadu]]'' || "Heegeko Kaane" "Usiru Hogo" || A. T. Raveesh || Venugopal Guruvendra || [[Priyadarshini (singer)|Priyadarshini]] ||
|-
| ''[[Olave Jeevana Lekkachaara]]'' || "Nanna Preethiya Geleya" || Mano Murthy || Nagathihalli Chandrashekar || Shreya Ghoshal ||
|-
| ''[[Kencha]]'' || "Ommomme Ommomme" "Thumbane Thumbane" || Rajesh Ramanath || Kaviraj || Akanksha Badami Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Muniya]]'' || "O Chandamama" || Abhimann Roy || Jhamakandi Shivu || Shreya Ghoshal ||
|-
| ''[[Vayuputra]]'' || "Yaare Yaare Yaramma" ||rowspan="2"| V. Harikrishna ||rowspan="2"| V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''[[Abhay (2009 film)|Abhay]]'' || "Yammo Mayammo" || ||
|-
| ''[[Gilli (film)|Gilli]]'' || "Nenedu Nenedu Nodu" || Yuvan Shankar Raja || Ram Narayan || ||
|-
| ''[[Devaru Kotta Thangi (2009 film)|Devaru Kotta Thangi]]'' || "Obba Thangi Maado Habba" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Nirudyogi'' || "Thane Thane" || A. T. Raveesh || Kaviraj || Priyadarshini ||
|-
| ''[[Ravana (film)|Ravana]]'' || "Thampu Thampu" "Jooba Jooba" || Abhimann Roy || K. Kalyan Kaviraj || ||
|-
| ''[[Kallara Santhe]]'' || "Kallara Katheya" "Maribeku" "Kaledu Hoda" "Thutthoori" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar G. P. Rajarathnam || Shamitha Malnad Nanditha ||
|-
|}

====2010 - 2019====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width="5%"| Year!! width="25%"|Film!!width="25%"| Song(s)!!width="15%"| Music composer!! Lyricist!!width="15%"| Co-singer(s)!! Notes
|-
|rowspan="32"|2010
| ''[[Police Quarters]]'' || "Aaha Oho Nakshatra" "Bhanu Bhoomi Serida" || [[James Vasanthan]] || V. Manohar K. M. Gangadharappa || Venkat Sham Sundar Hari Priya ||
|-
| ''[[Just Maath Maathalli]]'' || "Marubhoomiyalli" || Raghu Dixit || Manojava Galgali || ||
|-
| ''Yaare Nee Devathe'' || "Nayana Nayana" || Venkat-Narayan || Panchajanya || Apoorva Sridhar ||
|-
| ''[[Crazy Kutumba]]'' || "Hendathiyobbalu" "Naanagiddare Shrimantha" "Nee Badaladare" || [[Ricky Kej]] || [[K. S. Narasimhaswamy]] Jayanth Kaikini || B. Jayashree, M. D. Pallavi, Avinash Chebbi, Badri Prasad ||
|-
| ''[[Aptharakshaka]]'' || "Rakshaka Aptharakshaka" || Gurukiran || V. Manohar || SPB, Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Jugaari]]'' || "Ninna Nanu Nodovaregu" || Arjun Janya || K. S. Narayana Swamy || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Janani (2010 film)|Janani]]'' || "Nannasege Usiru" "Preethiye Nanage" || Asif Ali || [[Mohan Shankar]] K. Kalyan || K. S. Surekha ||
|-
| ''[[Sihigali]]'' || "Brahma Kalisida Daiva" || G. R. Shankar || V. Nagendra Prasad || Sunitha Sanje ||
|-
| ''[[Sri Harikathe]]'' || "Summane Ninnanu" || Sameer Kulkarni || Yogaraj Bhat || Sumanth ||
|-
| ''Dildara'' || "Kadibyada Kano" || Praveen D. Rao || V. Nagendra Prasad || Snehaja Praveen ||
|-
| ''[[Swayamvara (2010 film)|Swayamvara]]'' || "Shuruvaayitu" || Manikanth Kadri || [[Tushar Ranganath]] || ||
|-
| ''[[Premism]]'' || "Premism Premism" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Shreya Ghoshal ||
|-
| ''[[Krishna Nee Late Aagi Baaro]]'' || "Bandano Banda" "Yaar Yaarigu" || [[Pravin Godkhindi]] || Mohan Shankar || Ananya Bhat Supriya Acharya ||
|-
| ''[[Parole (2010 film)|Parole]]'' || "Jaaduvagi Manasalli" || Balaji K. Mithran || S. Bahubali || [[Shweta Mohan]] ||
|-
| ''[[Prithvi (2010 film)|Prithvi]]'' || "Kukkoo Kogileyinda" || Manikanth Kadri || K. Kalyan || [[Sunidhi Chauhan]] ||
|-
| ''Antharathma'' || "Eegeega Nannali" || Giridhar Diwan || Aarya || Mangala ||
|-
| ''[[Preethiyinda Ramesh]]'' || "Something Something" || A. T. Raveesh || K. Kalyan || Priyadarshini ||
|-
| ''[[Nooru Janmaku]]'' || "Nooru Janmaku" || Mano Murthy || Nagathihalli Chandrashekar || ||
|-
| ''Khadak'' || "Nodi Nodi Nodadanthe" "Kanna Muchhi" || S. P. Chandrakanth || Ram Narayan Shyam Shimoga || Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
| ''[[Krishnan Love Story]]'' || "Nee Aadada Maathu" || [[Sridhar V. Sambhram]] || Jayanth Kaikini || ||
|-
| ''Preethi Andre Ishtena'' || "Malle Hoove" || A. T. Raveesh || A. T. Raveesh || ||
|-
| ''Rowdy Hrudaya'' || "Kannanchali" || Ravishankar || M. Shivakumar || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Lift Kodla]]'' || "Ondu Maathu" "Suriva Maleyali" || V. Manohar || Ram Narayan V. Manohar || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Meshtru'' || "Sonne Andre" || K. M. Indra || K. M. Indra || ||
|-
| ''Shambo Shankara'' || "Mandara Neene" || M. S. Maruthi || Mohan Shankar || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Jokaali'' || "Bhoomi Mele" "Olagolage" || S. A. Rajkumar || Ram Narayan || Supriya Ramakrishnaiah Shamitha Malnad ||
|-
| ''[[Preethi Hangama]]'' || "Manasu Manasugalige" || Raj Kiran || Kaviraj || ||
|-
| ''[[Kari Chirathe]]'' || "Shivane Shivane" || Sadhu Kokila || Tushar Ranganath || ||
|-
| ''[[Appu and Pappu]]'' || "Hey Appu" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''Vichitra Premi'' || "Mungaru Mungaru" "Mathaade Mathaade" || Gandharva || Kurudi Banakara || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Naariya Seere Kadda]]'' || "Najooku Najooku" "Kole Kole" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Vijaya Shankar Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Modalasala]]'' || "Modalasala" || V. Harikrishna || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
|rowspan="29"|2011
| ''[[Olave Mandara]]'' || "Olave Mandaravayithu" "Chinna Ninna Bali" || Deva || K. Kalyan || Nanditha Shreya Ghoshal ||
|-
| ''[[Ee Sanje]]'' || "Bittyaakode" || Jai Shiva || Sree || ||
|-
| ''[[Manasina Maathu]]'' || "Helalu Bande" || A. M. Neel || R. Anantharaju || ||
|-
| ''[[Kalgejje]]'' || "Panchama Veda" || Gandharva || A. Bangaru || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Veera Bahu (film)|Veerabahu]]'' || "Neenello" || V. Harikrishna || V. Nagendra Prasad || Srivardhini ||
|-
| ''Karthik'' || "Jigi Jigi Jinkemari" || John Varki || Hrudaya Shiva || ||
|-
| ''[[Gun (2011 film)|Gun]]'' || "Kusumada Baana" || Ronnie Raphael ||rowspan="2"| Jayanth Kaikini || ||
|-
| ''Saacha'' || "Innu Saniha" || Parameshwar Hegde || [[Vasundhara Das]] ||
|-
| ''Ellellu Neene Nannallu Neene'' || "Haayagi Balendu" "Midiyada Manasu" || Vijaya Bharathi || Kaviraj Jayanth Kaikini || Charumathi Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
| ''[[Murali Meets Meera]]'' || "Ninna Mukha Nodi" || Abhimann Roy || Ghouse Peer || ||
|-
| ''[[Dhool (2011 film)|Dhool]]'' || "Eduru Mane Meenakshi" || V. Harikrishna || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''[[Mallikarjuna (film)|Mallikarjuna]]'' || "Pallakki Haaduva" || S. A. Rajkumar || Hrudaya Shiva || Anuradha Sriram ||
|-
| ''Noorondu Baagilu'' || "Banella Kendaavare" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Suma Shastry ||
|-
| ''[[Namitha I Love You]]'' || "Andava Anandavaa" || M. Jayasimha Reddy || M. Jayasimha Reddy || ||
|-
| ''[[Jolly Boy]]'' || "Baa Endare" "Kallu Kooda Kavithe" || Yuvan Shankar Raja || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''[[Shrimathi]]'' || "Preethse Preethse" || Ghantadi Krishna || Shivananje Gowda || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Krishnan Marriage Story]]'' || "Parijathada" || Sridhar V. Sambhram || Jayanth Kaikini || Lakshmi Manmohan ||
|-
| ''[[Mr. Duplicate]]'' || "Haage Summane" || Manikanth Kadri || Dwarki Raghav || Ritisha Padmanabhan ||
|-
| ''90'' || "90 90 90" || Sadhu Kokila || Mathews Manu || [[Chinnaponnu]] ||
|-
| ''[[Lifeu Ishtene]]'' || "Kanasina Hosaputa" || Mano Murthy || Jayanth Kaikini || ||
|-
| ''[[Allide Nammane Illi Bande Summane]]'' || "Thuru Thuru Tunturu" || Gurukiran || Kaviraj || [[Manjari (Indian singer)|Manjari]] ||
|-
| ''[[Maryade Ramanna]]'' || "Namma Kannadathi" || M. M. Keeravani || K. Kalyan || Soujanya Mallesh ||
|-
| ''[[Naanalla]]'' || "O Manase Uliyali" || Giridhar Diwan || Ram Narayan || ||
|-
| ''[[Ishta (film)|Ishta]]'' || "Nee Ishta Ne" "Kaathurada" || M. Sanjeev || M. Sanjeev || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Aacharya'' || "I Love You Ennalare" "Hrudayadi Preethiya" || R. Ananth Kumar|| Shashank || Lakshmi Manmohan Divya Raghavan ||
|-
| ''Paagal'' || "Nee Nanna Yedeyolage" || V. Manohar || Gangadhar ||
|-
| ''Vishnu'' || "Hoo Manase" || M. N. Krupakar || Chandru || Soujanya Mallesh ||
|-
| ''Onde Ondu Saari'' || "Nannanegu" || M. Rajesh || Saleem Puttur || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Hero Naanalla'' || "Neenandre Ishta Kano" || K. M. Indra || K. M. Indra || ||
|-
|rowspan="21"|2012
| ''[[Parijatha]]'' || "Hudugee" || Mano Murthy || Jayanth Kaikini || ||
|-
| ''[[Nammanna Don]]'' || "Ee Jeeva Ninagagi" || Mathews Manu || Shankar || ||
|-
| ''Gavipura'' || "Oho Eni" || Rajesh Ramanath || V. Manohar || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Sankranthi'' || "Nenape Nenapayithu" || Sridhar V. Sambhram || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''Magadi'' || "Preethi Mohaka" || Rajesh Ramanath || Channaveera || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Govindaya Namaha]]'' || "Ninnidane" || Gurukiran || Santhosh Nayak || ||
|-
| ''[[Breaking News (2012 film)|Breaking News]]'' || "Sambhanda" || Stephen Prayog || Nagathihalli Chandrashekar ||rowspan="2"|Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Villain (2012 film)|Villain]]'' || "Kannalle Sambhashane" || Gurukiran || Jayanth Kaikini ||
|-
| ''[[Crazy Loka]]'' || "Ele Elege Chiguruva" || Manikanth Kadri || Kaviraj || Aishwarya Majumdar ||
|-
| ''[[Bhagirathi (film)|Bhagirathi]]'' || "Henne Henne" || V. Manohar || Baraguru Ramachandrappa || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Paper Doni'' || "Irabahuda Nee" "Helalu Aagadu" || Srisuman || Sri Chandru || Pooja Basu Thakur K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''Hai Krishna'' || "Romanchana" || A. T. Raveesh || Ram Narayan || Sicily ||
|-
| ''Preethiya Loka'' || "Preethiya Loka" || Sai Kiran || Ravishankar Nag || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Sagar (film)|Sagar]]'' || "Ondu Early Morning" "Weekendu" || Gurukiran || Kaviraj || Shamitha Malnad ||
|-
| ''[[Jai Hind (2012 film)|Jai Hind]]'' || "Chimmi Chimmi" || Krishnavardhan Kulkarni || Krishnavardhan Kulkarni || Anupama M. A. ||
|-
| ''[[Gokula Krishna]]'' || "Neene Neene" || S. A. Rajkumar || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''[[Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna (2012 film)|Krantiveera Sangolli Rayanna]]'' || "Gandu Mettida Naadu" "Janani Janmabhoomi" || Yashovardhan || Keshavadithya || [[Shankar Mahadevan]], Hemanth, Nanditha, Prakash Sontakke ||
|-
| ''[[Guru (2012 film)|Guru]]'' || "Enu Papa Madide" || Vinay Chandra || Kaviraj || ||
|-
| ''[[Olavina Ole]]'' || "Olavina Oleya" || Yashovardhan || Teshee Venkatesh || ||
|-
| ''[[Hosa Prema Purana]]'' || "Ninnondige" || Rajesh Ramanath || Jayanth Kaikini || Akanksha Badami ||
|-
| ''[[Nandeesha]]'' || "Baalu Bandre" || Hamsalekha || Hamsalekha || Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
|rowspan="15"|2013
| ''[[CID Eesha]]'' || "Kuhoo Kuhoo Kogile" "Ivanu Yaaru" || Vijaya Bharathi || Ram Narayan V. Manohar || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Nenapinangala]]'' || "Heegeke Noduve" "Ondondu Muthina" "Ee Putta Hrudayada" || C. R. Bobby || Dhanuchandra Mavinakunte || Lakshmi Nataraj
|-
| ''Kumbha Rashi'' || "Aaha Sihi" || Srivatsa || Arasu Anthare || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Pagade'' || "Malebille Nanage" || Sagar Nagabhushan || Ram Narayan || Shamitha Malnad ||
|-
| ''[[Director's Special (film)|Director's Special]]'' ||"Devare Aagadha" || [[Anoop Seelin]] || B. R. Lakshman Rao || ||
|-
| ''[[Googly (2013 film)|Googly]]'' || "Bisilu Kudure Ondhu" || [[Joshua Sridhar]] || Yogaraj Bhat || ||
|-
| ''I am in Love'' || "Kadala Mele" || [[Sai Karthik]] || Nanda Kumar || ||
|-
| ''Neralu'' || "Helale Nanna" "Ninna Parichaya" || Sri Harsha || Sridhar || Supriya Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Nanda Gokula'' || "Manasu Meerali" "Yaaro Yaaro" || Madan Mohan || Narasimha M. Joshi || Anuradha Bhat Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Shathru (2013 film)|Shathru]]'' || "Maya Maya" || Sujeet Shetty || Shivu Jhamkandi || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Pyarge Aagbittaite (film)|Pyarge Aagbittaithe]]'' || "Enidu Maaye" || Dharma Teja || Ram Narayan || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Dhanu'' || "Hetthu Hotthu" ||rowspan="2"| B. R. Hemanth Kumar || Maadev || ||
|-
| ''[[Slum (film)|Slum]]'' || "Belli Belli" || Revanna Nayak || Archana Ravi ||
|-
| ''Jeethu'' || "Nanna Jeeva" || Vikas Vasishta || Appu Kushal || Ritisha Padmanabhan ||
|-
| ''[[Mugila Chumbana]]'' || "Chinni Chintamani" "Belake Hombelake" "Premaraga Thappidaga" "Sangeetha I Love You" "Yaare Nee Muddu" "Prema Pallakki" || Vijayanand || S. Narayan R. N. Jayagopal || Manjula Gururaj Sowmya ||
|-
|rowspan="26"|2014
| ''Karnataka Ayodhyapuram'' || "Marubhoomi Edeyali" || Sagar Nagabhushan || Ram Narayan || ||
|-
| ''Navarangi'' || "Ale Ale" || Rajesh Ramanath || Naveen || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Vasundhara (film)|Vasundhara]]'' || "Kanasella Eega" || Stephen Prayog || Vasuki Vaibhav || Archana Ravi, Stephen Prayog ||
|-
| ''[[Anjada Gandu (2014 film)|Anjada Gandu]]'' || "Hogele" || [[D. Imman]] || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''[[Crazy Star (film)|Crazy Star]]'' || "Kenakalu Inukalu" || V. Ravichandran || V. Ravichandran || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Nan Life Alli'' || "Maathillada Ee Mouna" || [[B. Ajaneesh Lokanath]] || Ramdeep, Lokesh || ||
|-
| ''[[Karoodpathi]]'' || "Namma Maneya" || Abhimann Roy || K. Kalyan || Inchara Nagesh ||
|-
| ''[[Savaal (2014 film)|Savaal]]'' || "Premada Mathina" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || ||
|-
| ''Manada Mareyalli'' || "Premadakarshane" || M. S. Thyagaraj || Surya Narayan ||rowspan="2"| Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Athi Aparoopa'' || "Amma Ninna" || Mano Murthy || K. Kalyan ||
|-
| ''Malli'' || "Nannaane Nanage" "Karanavirade Neenu" "Naari Andate" || C. R. Bobby || Hrudaya Shiva V. Nagendra Prasad || Shamitha Malnad ||
|-
| ''[[Aakramana]]'' || "Vinimaya" || Sathish Aryan || Sathish Aryan || ||
|-
| ''[[Bahuparak]]'' || "Usiraguve" || Bharath BJ || [[Simple Suni]] ||rowspan="2"| Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Panganama'' || "Nooru Koli" || Adithya Pandit || Guru ||
|-
| ''[[Paramashiva (film)|Paramashiva]]'' || "Hege Na Bande" "Hannagabeku Kaayi" "Rajakumari" ||rowspan="2"|Arjun Janya || V. Nagendra Prasad || Chinmayi Sainthavi Akanksha Badami ||
|-
| ''[[Neenade Naa]]'' || "Joru Joru" || K. Kalyan || Archana Ravi ||
|-
| ''[[Namaste Madam]]'' || "Ding Dong Bell" || Sridhar V. Sambhram || V. Nagendra Prasad || [[Supriya Lohith]] ||
|-
| ''[[Ee Dil Helide Nee Bekantha]]'' || "Hennu Ninnadaythu" || S. Sridhara || S. Sridhara || Sneha
|-
| ''[[Jaihind 2|Abhimanyu]]'' || "Kathala Maneyolage" || Arjun Janya || V. Nagendra Prasad || L. N. Shastry ||
|-
| ''[[Love in Mandya]]'' || "Ondu Aparoopada" || Anoop Seelin || Arasu Anthare || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Software Ganda]]'' || "Saniha Saniha" "Pyategintha" || Veer Samarth || Hrudaya Shiva || Lakshmi Nataraj Shamitha Malnad ||
|-
| ''Pyar Ka Gol Gumbaz'' || "O Chayhe" || Dhanush || Dhanush || ||
|-
| ''Chirayu'' || "Sanchalana" || G. R. Shankar || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''Sorry Kane'' || "O Sagari" || Peter M Joseph || Manjunath Rao || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Mr. and Mrs. Ramachari]]'' || "Kaarmoda Saridu" || [[V. Harikrishna]] || Ghouse Peer || || Winner - [[SIIMA]] award for Best Playback Singer
|-
| ''Jothi Alias Kothiraj'' || "Yaako Eno" || Seven Star Bhaskar || Doddarange Gowda || Priya Yadav ||
|-
|rowspan="17"|2015
| ''Mirchi Mandakki Khadak Chai'' || "Haage Bandu" || Harikavya || K. Kalyan || K. S. Chithra ||
|-
| ''[[Ond Chance Kodi]]'' || "Agumbe Sanjeya" "Enee Munjaane" || Mysore Mohan || Kaviraj ||rowspan="3"| Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[DK (film)|DK]]'' || "Sum Sumne" || Arjun Janya || Sudarshan ||
|-
| ''[[Benkipatna]]'' || "Bogaseyalli Male" || Steve Koushik || Jayanth Kaikini ||
|-
| ''[[Rudra Tandava]]'' || "Yaaree Yaaree" || V. Harikrishna || K. Kalyan || || Winner - KIMA award
|-
| ''[[Melody (2015 film)|Melody]]'' || "Nannolage" "Iddaroo Ondu Ooralli" "Preethi Kithabu" "Gundu Olagodre" || L. N. Shastry || V. Nagendra Prasad || [[Priya Himesh]] L. N. Shastry || Also acted in the lead role
|-
| ''[[Eradondla Mooru]]'' || "Aagale Thadavagide" || A. M. Neel || Kumar Datth || ||
|-
| ''[[Murari (2015 film)|Murari]]'' || "Aana Jaana Gaana" "Edeyolage Hrudayave" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''[[Goolihatti]]'' || "Madhu Mounada" || Srimanju || K. Kalyan || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Preethiyinda]]'' || "Aamantrana Needuve" || Rajesh Ramanath || Vishwaradhya || ||
|-
| ''[[Muddu Manase]]'' || "Edeyal Yaro" || Vineeth Raj Menon || [[V. Nagendra Prasad]] || Archana Ravi ||
|-
| ''Billa'' || "Ninnegale Nenapirali" "Enaitho Kaane" || Sriram || Dwarki Raghav || Chaithra H. G. ||
|-
| ''[[Geetha Bangle Store]]'' || "En Sambhavam" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || ||
|-
| ''[[Bettanagere]]'' || "Neeli Neeli Kanna" || Rajesh Ramanath || V. Nagendra Prasad || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Kaada Haadiya Hoogalu'' || "Kuniyuva Navilina" || Dr L. R. Ramanujam || Ka. Vem. Srinivasamurthy || ||
|-
| ''[[Rathaavara]]'' || "Nee Muddada" || [[Dharma Vish]] || Kaviraj || Supriya Lohith ||
|-
| ''Om Sharanam Ayyappa'' || "Om Sharanam" || K. Sharath || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
|rowspan="22"| 2016
| ''[[Ricky (2016 film)|Ricky]]'' || "Jeeva Neenu" || Arjun Janya || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''Bhagyaraj'' || "Ninnaya Sangada" || Anoop Seelin || Jayanth Kaikini || ||
|-
| ''[[Shivayogi Sri Puttayyajja]]'' || "Nee Enage" "Bhoomigintha Neenu" "Naana Embudu" "Enu Ninna Leeleyo" "Akaara Ukaara Makaara" || Amarapriya || [[Pandit Puttaraj Gawai]] Amarapriya [[Shishunala Sharif]] [[Shankarananda (Shiva Yoga)|Shankarananda Swamiji]] || Ajay Warior ||
|-
| ''[[Preethiyalli Sahaja]]'' || "Ee Olavu" "Sahaja Sahaja" || Raviraj || Rathnaja || ||
|-
| ''Preethi Kithabu'' || "Thavaka Thaleno" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Chiravada Nenapu'' || "Chiravada Nenapu" || A. Praveen Oliver || Chethan S. P. || ||
|-
| ''[[Simpallag Innondh Love Story]]'' || "Naane Bareda Nanna Kathege" || Sai Kiran || Simple Suni || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Kollegala'' || "Yaaro Ivalu" || A. T. Raveesh || Naveen Rai || ||
|-
| ''Sri Chakram'' || "Nalini" || Prabhu S. R. || GG || Prabhu S. R. ||
|-
| ''Siganduru Chowdeshwari Mahime'' || "Suralokadinda" "Karuneya Kannanu" || L. N. Shastry || Shashikumar P. M. || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Style King]]'' || "Ala Le Sukumaari" || Arjun Janya || Kaviraj || Archana Ravi ||
|-
| ''Birth'' || "O Vidhiye" "Pisu Gali" || G. R. Shankar || Shivu Holalu || Nimika Ratnakar ||
|-
| ''Mandya Star'' || "Avva Endodane" "Star" || Manoj. S || Vinod Ramakrishna Ranaganti || Manoj. S ||
|-
| ''Akshathe'' || "Ondondu Nenapindu" || V. Manohar || V. Manohar || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Asthitva]]'' || "Nenapugale Moodive" || [[Vijay Antony]] || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''[[Crazy Boy (film)|Crazy Boy]]'' || "Mugiligu Kadlaligu" || Jassie Gift || Ghouse Peer || ||
|-
| ''Rasapuri'' || "Usire Nintha Mele" "Innadaru Naguthiru" || Jithendra Karkala || A. M. Daivajnya || ||
|-
| ''Jil Jil'' || "Preethi Preethi" || A. Madhu || A. Madhu || ||
|-
| ''Prema Geema Jaane Do'' || "Aparoopadananda" || [[Poornachandra Tejaswi (composer)|Poornachandra Tejaswi]] || Arasu Anthare || ||
|-
| ''Yuva Samrat'' || "Preethi Andare" "Ninagu Munche" || Yashwanth Kumar || Ghouse Peer Kaviraj || Supriya Lohith ||
|-
| ''One Time'' || "Sangathi Sangathi" "Ethake Kayiside" || Abhiman Roy || Raju B. N. Abhiman Roy || Supriya Lohith Thanusha Srinidhi ||
|-
| ''A Happy Married Life'' || "Maduveya" || C. J. Anil || Anand Vatar || ||
|-
|rowspan="21"|2017
| ''Arivu'' || "Aa Ee Kaliyuva" || Navaneeth || Sosale Gangadhar || ||
|-
| ''[[Riktha]]'' || "Bari Kannale" || Rocky Sonu || Rocky Sonu || ||
|-
| ''[[Allama (film)|Allama]]'' || "Sri Guruve Enage" "Bayalu Bayalane" "Kaana Barada Lingavu" || [[Bapu Padmanabha]] || Traditional [[Allama Prabhu]] || None ||
|-
| ''Style Raja'' || "Manase Manase" || Rajesh Ramanath || N. B. Lokesh || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Hebbuli]]'' || "Yennenu Soda" || Arjun Janya || Santhosh Naik || [[Vijay Prakash]] ||
|-
| ''[[Eradu Kanasu (2017 film)|Eradu Kanasu]]'' || "Nooru Kampana" || Steve - Kaushik || Jayanth Kaikini || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Porki Huccha Venkat]]'' || "Kannugale" "Kopa Bandre" "Thayiya Halu" "Huccha Venkat Nanu" || Sathish Babu || [[Huccha Venkat]] || ||
|-
| ''Pokari Raja'' || "Somp Sompada Prema" || K. M. Indra || K. Shankar || Anuradha Bhat, Poojitha Pai ||
|-
| ''[[BB5 (film)|BB5]]'' || "Putta Putta" || Chethan Kumar Shastry || Janardhan N || ||
|-
| ''Jinda'' || "Maadeshanaane Muddu" || Sridhar V Sambhram || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''Yugapurusha'' || "Nerale Nerale" || Dhanpal Singh Rajput || Kaviraj || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Nammoor Haiklu'' || "Parijaatha Haari" || Shakeel Ahmed || Prasanna Shetty || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Nanobne Ollevnu'' || "Ukkina Koteya" "Attha Nodu" || Sudheer Shastry || Vijay Mahesh || ||
|-
| ''First Love'' || "Nelasama Nelasama" || Sridhar V. Sambhram || Ghouse Peer || ||
|-
| ''Paaru I Love You'' || "Jotheyaagiru" "Sihiyaagi Savide" || A. T. Raveesh || Suneel Hubbli || Nanditha ||
|-
| ''Happy Journey'' || "Hoogala Rashi" "Baduku Nirashe" || S. P. Chandrakanth || Shyam Shimogga || Vrindha ||
|-
| ''[[Mojo (2017 film)|Mojo]]'' || "Maaye Kanasalo" || S. D. Aravind || Pradeep Goutham || ||
|-
| ''Biko'' || "Bachhiduve" || Peter M. Joseph || Arun Shetty || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Mahanubhavaru]]'' || "Barada Besigeyalli" "Kallinantha Ee Hrudayadalli" "Preethiyannu" || Sathish Mourya || Srinivas Sathish Mourya || ||
|-
| ''[[Pani Puri]]'' || "Mareyalagade Ee Bandha" || Santosh Bagalakote || Santhosh Bagalakote || ||
|-
| ''Smuggler'' || "Kannalli Kannalli" || Chakri || Ramesh || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
|rowspan="17"|2018
| ''Neenillada Male'' || "Yaakeetharaha" || Indrasena || Indrasena || ||
|-
| ''Raghuveera'' || "Nanna Chinna Anitha" || Laya Kokila || Soorya Sathish || ||
|-
| ''Chinnada Gombe'' || "Ninna Jotheya" || Dhanasheelan || Prashanth Ramesh ||rowspan="2"| Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Mukhyamantri Kaldodnallappo'' || "Munjane Manjinanthe" || Nayan V. K. || V. Nagendra Prasad ||
|-
| ''[[Yogi Duniya]]'' || "Ilidalo Manadali" || B. J. Bharath || Arasu Anthare || Aishwarya Rangarajan ||
|-
| ''Maduve Dibbana'' || "Halunda Namma" "Hetthavva" || A. T. Raveesh || S. Umesh Nagesh Ujjaini ||rowspan="2"|Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Krishna Tulasi]]'' || "Khali Kanninalli" || Kiran Ravindranath || Hrudaya Shiva ||
|-
| ''Rukku'' || "Nooru Haale" || A. T. Raveesh || Dhananjay Adugur || ||
|-
| ''Yar Yaaro Gori Mele'' || "Fullu Feeling" || Loki || S. R. Jayaprakash || ||
|-
| ''Saaguva Daariyalli'' || "Saaguthide" || S. Nagu || Shivakumar C. S. Gowda || ||
|-
| ''[[Vanilla (2018 film)|Vanilla]]'' || "Onde Mathalli" || B. J. Bharath || Jayanth Kaikini || ||
|-
| ''Chitte'' || "Sona Sona" "Nore Nore Haalalli" || M. L. Prasanna || M. L. Prasanna || ||
|-
| ''Mesthri'' || "Kempu Gulabi" || G. R. Shankar || S. Rajkiran || Ritisha Padmanabhan ||
|-
| ''[[Trataka (film)|Trataka]]'' || "Hingu Iruthade" || Arun Suradha || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''Gaanchali'' || "Usire Usire" || [[Chandan Shetty]] || A. P. Arjun || Supriya Lohith ||
|-
| ''Rangada Hudugaru'' || "Enagideyo Nanagenadgideyo" || Senapathy || Dilse Dilip || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
|''Kappe Raaga - The Song of Kumbara, A Night Frog'' || "Kappe Raaga" || Ashwin P Kumar || Pradeep Sastry || Arundhati Vashishta ||
|-
|rowspan="9"|2019
| ''Yaarige Yaruntu'' || "Chiravaada Preethi" || B J Bharath || K. Kalyan || Eesha Suchi ||
|-
| ''Hanigalu'' || "Neenele" || Dinesh Kumar || Nagesh B H || ||
|-
| ''[[Rugged]]'' || "Ninnanne Preethisuve" || Abhiman Roy || Srimahesh Gowda || ||
|-
| ''Krishna Garments'' || "Hrudaya Hrudaya" || Raghu Dhanvantri || Siddu Poornachandra || ||
|-
| ''[[Onti]]'' || "Yaaru Illa" || Manoj S || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''Manassinaata'' || "Elli Dooravadeyo" || Sachin || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''[[Geetha (2019 film)|Geetha]]'' || "Helade Kelade" || [[Anoop Rubens]] || Ghouse Peer || Ananya Bhat ||
|-
| ''Premasura'' || "Mellane Shuruvagide" "Novina Butthina" || Sriharsha || Nagamurthy Palasandra ||rowspan="2"| Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Neuron'' || "Chel Chel Cheluve" || Gurukiran || V. Nagendra Prasad ||
|-
|}

====2020 - present====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!width="5%"| Year!! width="25%"|Film!!width="25%"| Song(s)!!width="15%"| Music composer!! Lyricist!!width="15%"| Co-singer(s)!! Notes
|-
|rowspan="2"|2020
| ''[[Demo Piece]]'' || "Ontiyagi Saagide" || Arjun Ramu || Geleya Sumesh || ||
|-
| ''Hulidurga'' || "Nee Bareda Kadambari" || Sathish Babu || V. Nagendra Prasad || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
|rowspan="7"|2021
| ''Vikky'' || "Ondu Dina" || Peter M Joseph || Arun Shetty || ||
|-
| ''Naanu Nan Jaanu'' || "Usire Usire" || Sridhar Kashyap || Srihari || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Kanasu Maratakkide'' || "Ninna Nodi" || Manasa Holla || Chethan Kumar || Manasa Holla ||
|-
| ''Nimmooru'' || "Nove Madaythalla" || Abhinandan Kashyap || Hanuraj Madhugiri || ||
|-
| ''Chaddi Dost Kaddi Alladusbutta'' || "Ola Olave" || Ananth Aryan || Lokendra Surya || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Mugilpete]]'' || "Yarivalu Bangaradanthavalu" "Doora Hogo Munna" || Sridhar V Sambhram || Jayanth Kaikini Pramod Maravanthe || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Nan Hesaru Kishora'' || "Ajjanige Mommagane" || Manju Kavi || Manju Kavi || ||
|-
|rowspan="19"|2022
| ''DNA'' || "Mellane Mellane" || Chethan Krishna || K. Y. Narayanaswamy ||rowspan="2"| Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Bhavachitra'' || "Yaro Neenu Chowkidara" "Yaare Neenu Nera" || Gowthan Srivatsa || Shivu Bergi ||
|-
| ''Mysuru'' || "Naguthiruva Aa Nayanagalu" || Ramani Sundaresan || Ravishankar Nag || Usha Prakash ||
|-
| ''Melobba Mayavi'' || "Raani Jenu" || L. N. Shastry || Chakravarthy Chandrachood ||rowspan="2"|Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Anger'' || "Baa Baare" || Vijay Haritasa || Aravinda B. V. ||
|-
| ''Kandhidi Nodona'' || "Baanu Bhoomi" || Sridhar Kashyap || Pramod Acharya || Aishwarya Rangarajan ||
|-
| ''Dheeran'' || "Ore Oreva" || Ganesh Narayan || Simple Suni || ||
|-
| ''[[Trivikrama (2022 film)|Trivikrama]]'' || "Hey Hrudayave" || Arjun Janya || V. Nagendra Prasad || Ankita Kundu ||
|-
| ''Namma Hudugaru'' || "Kushiyalli Nasheyalli" || Abhimann Roy || Ghouse Peer || ||
|-
| ''[[Ravi Bopanna]]'' || "Madire Madire" || V. Ravichandran || V. Ravichandran || [[Indu Nagaraj]] ||
|-
| ''[[Shiva 143]]'' || "Preethiya Parichaya" || Arjun Janya || Garuda Ram || ||
|-
| ''Tajmahal 2'' || "Nanna Hrudayada" || Vikram Selva || Manvarshi Navalagunda || ||
|-
| ''9 Sullu Kathegalu'' || "Preethi Hoovu" || Praveen - Pradeep || Vikram Vasisht || Chandana Vasisht ||
|-
| ''Katha Lekhana'' || "Dina Dina Anudina" || Karanam Sri Raghavendra || Sathya Rathnam || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Pankhuri'' || "Nangyaru Illa Illi" || Chandru Obaiha || Manu Harsha || ||
|-
| ''Modala Miditha'' || "Preethiya Maaley" "Mungaru Manadalli" || Haricheth || Haricheth || [[Vani Harikrishna]] [[Nithya Mammen]] ||
|-
| ''Jordan'' || "Prathiyondu Pathrake" || Sai Sarvesh || Sai Sarvesh || ||
|-
| ''Love Story 1998'' || "Baalinalli Beladingala" || Raghav Subhash Sam || Devaraja S || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Rudheera Kanive'' || "Hrudayada Hosa" || A. T. Raveesh || Sathish Ekalavya || ||
|-
|rowspan="25"|2023
| ''Thugs of Ramaghada'' || "Nagu Nagutha" || Vivek Chakravarthy || V. Nagendra Prasad || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''[[Long Drive (film)|Long Drive]]'' || "Mayaviye" || Vikas Vasishta || Jeevan || Manasa Holla ||
|-
| ''Ondanondu Kaladalli'' || "Minchu Moda" || Yashwanth Bhupathi || Praveen || ||
|-
| ''Bhikshuka'' || "Devarenuva Devanobba" "Koogi Karedonu" || Kiran Waugh || V. Nagendra Prasad S. K. Kali || ||
|-
| ''Ondolle Love Story'' || "Kannalle Naguvalle" || Akash Jadav || Vasu Vathsale || Asha Bhat, Akash Jadav ||
|-
| ''SLV - Siri Lambodara Vivaha'' || "SLV Title track" || Sangharsh Kumar || Bhargava Hegde || [[Varijashree Venugopal]] ||
|-
| ''Antharanga'' || "Naa Ninna Kanda" || Chethan Sosca || Kaviraj || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Ambassador'' || "Who Are You" || Gurukiran || V. Manohar || ||
|-
| ''Praja Rajya'' || "Nashe Yerisuva" || Vijeth Manjaiah || V. Nagendra Prasad || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Ramachari 2.0'' || "Bangariye" || Sundar Murthy || Manju Doddamani || ||
|-
| ''Avanthika'' || "Neene Neene" || Vinu Manasu || Kempegowda Magadi || ||
|-
| ''Present Prapancha 0% Love'' || "Ivala Andha" "Hey Gulabi" || K. V. Ravichandra || K. V. Ravichandra || Rashmi Mahadev ||
|-
| ''Jersey Number 10'' || "O Maleye" || Zubin Paul || Raghavendra B || Mythri Iyer ||
|-
| ''Gadayuddha'' || "Ninna Saniha" || S. Solomon || Chethan Aniketh || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Modala Male'' || "Modala Male" || Prasanna Bhojashettar || Shivakumar DVG || Nishma Rakshak ||
|-
| ''90 Bidi Manig Nadi'' || "90 Bidi" "Balu Naraka Eega" || Kiran Shankar || V. Nagendra Prasad || ||
|-
| ''Savithri'' || "Magale Muddu Magale" || Hrudaya Shiva || Hrudaya Shiva || ||
|-
| ''O Manase'' || "Muddu Muddagi" || Jassie Gift || Kaviraj || ||
|-
| ''Ambuja'' || "Oh My Love" || Prasanna Kumar || Kashinath D Madivalar || ||
|-
| ''Madhura Kavya'' || "Ondu Hrudayada" "Nodalilla Yaru" "Belaku Needuva" || Sathish Mourya || Madhusudhan || ||
|-
| ''Paramvah'' || "Bhoorameli" || Aparijith || Shivaraj, Nagesh Kundapura, Shree Thalageri || ||
|-
| ''Parimala D'Souza'' || "Idu Nanna Ninna" || Christopher Jayson || Vinod Sheshadri || Shruthi V. S. ||
|-
| ''[[Baanadariyalli]]'' || "Baanadariyalli Hode Elli" || Arjun Janya || Kaviraj || ||
|-
| ''Inamdaar'' || "Jeeva Jaaro Munna" || Rakesh Acharya || Rakesh Acharya || ||
|-
| ''Cycle Savari'' || "Muddu Bangara" || Rohan S Desai || Devu K Ambiga || Surabhi Bharadwaj ||
|-
|rowspan="15"|2024
| ''Karunada Kanmani'' || "Singanallurinda" || Harsha Kagodu || Srithej || ||
|-
| ''Klaantha'' || "Mahimeda Mannad" || S. P. Chandrakanth || Shashiraj Kavoor || ||
|-
| ''Alexa'' || "Prema Pranaya" "Yaare Nee Yaare" "Cheluvige Cheluve" || APO || V. Nagendra Prasad || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Click'' || "Shuruvaada Darige" || Vishwas Kaushik || Kinnal Raj || ||
|-
| ''[[Karataka Damanaka]]'' || "Deega Digari" "Meetadene Veene" || V. Harikrishna || Yogaraj Bhat || [[Upendra (actor)|Upendra]] ||
|-
| ''Muktha Manasu'' || "Cheluvaada Cheluvane" || Vaishakh Shashidharan || R. C. Rangashekar || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Ratna'' || "Modala Dinada Maathu" "Ninna Kangalu" || Sathish Babu || Basavaraj Bellary || Shruti Prahlada ||
|-
| ''Ithyadi'' || "Muddada Manasali" || Raj Bhaskar || Ranganath || ||
|-
| ''Usire Usire'' || "Nenape Nenape" "Modalasala" || Vivek Chakravarthy || Yogaraj Bhat K. Kalyan || ||
|-
| ''[[Family Drama (2024 film)|Family Drama]]'' || "Sathyad Mane Haala" || Chethan Ammayya || Sharath Vasisht || ||
|-
| ''Ishq'' || "Kanna Muchidaru" || Shriram Gandharva || Nirmala Madhusudhan || ||
|-
| ''The Journalist'' || "Karedare Naanu" || Sagar Shastry || Akash Gulabi || ||
|-
| ''Gopilola'' || "Vidhiyaado Natakada" "Ninnane Ninnane" || Midhun Asokan || Keshava Chandra || ||
|-
| ''Simharoopini'' || "Kula Koti Devathegalu" || Akash Parva || Kinnal Raj || ||
|-
| ''Nassab'' || "Nadu Sanna Hudugi" || Ragam || Ragam || Manasa Holla ||
|-
|rowspan="12"|2025
| ''Swechha'' || "Preethi Tanantane" || Loki Thavasya || Loki Thavasya || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Alle Draw Alle Bahumana'' || "Bechhane Goodina" || Vijay Raj || Dheeraj Shetty ||
|-
| ''Raja Rani'' || "Suriyuva Maleyali" || Sudhan Prakash || Sudhan Prakash || Vijetha ||
|-
| ''Olavina Payana'' || "Gaali Gandha" || Sai Sarvesh || Sai Sarvesh || ||
|-
| ''Kanasondu Shuruvagide'' || "Kanasondu" || Suraj Jois || Simple Suni || ||
|-
| ''[[Nimde Kathe]]'' || "Payanigana Payana" || Praveen Niketan || C. S. Raghavendra || ||
|-
| ''Kora'' || "Oppikondalo" || B. R. Hemanth Kumar || Revanna Nayak || Shruthi V. S. ||
|-
| ''Amruthamathi'' || "Yenayitho Olage" || Shamitha Malnad || Baraguru Ramachandrappa || ||
|-
| ''Taane C/O Srirampura'' || "Smile Kotlu" || Manasa Holla || Lakshmi Ramesh || ||
|-
| ''Bharavase'' || "Mussanjeli" || Harsha Kagodu || Sritheja || Anuradha Bhat ||
|-
| ''Usiru'' || "Nannusire Nannusire" || Ganesh Narayanan || Bhairava Rama || ||
|-
| ''Middle Class Ramayana'' || "Hrudayada Maharani" || Alex || Dinesh Lucky || ||
|-
|rowspan="6"|2026
| ''[[Theertharoopa Thandeyavarige]]'' || "Hetthavara Jeevavu" || Joe Costa || Ramenahalli Jagannatha || ||
|-
| ''[[Raktha Kashmira]]'' || "Buguri" || Gurukiran || Shekharappa Huligiri || ||
|-
| ''Maggi Pusthaka'' || "Olle Huduga" || Yashas Nachappa || Gurunath Boragi || ||
|-
| ''Alpha'' || "Hero" || Anoop Seelin || Nagarjun Sharma || ||
|-
| ''Kanna Muchhe'' || "Nija Heluve" || Rajesh Ramnath || Local Loki || ||
|-
| ''Aa Ondu Notu'' || "Neenu Endare" || Kaushik || K. Kalyan || ||
|-
|}

=== Telugu songs ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Film
!Song
!Composer(s)
!Co-singer(s)
|-
| rowspan="3" |1996
| rowspan="3" |''[[Ninne Pelladata (1996 film)|Ninne Pelladata]]''
|"Eto Vellipoyindi"
| rowspan="3" |[[Sandeep Chowta]]
|
|-
|"Naa Mogudu Rampyari"
|
|-
|"Ninne Pelladesthananth"
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |1997
| rowspan="3" |''[[Master (1997 film)|Master]]''
|"Intiloki Welcome"
| rowspan="3" |[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|[[Sowmya Raoh|Sowmya]]
|-
|"B.SC Aynagani"
|[[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandrabose]], Krishanraj
|-
|"Bavunnara"
|[[Sowmya Raoh|Sowmya]]
|-
| rowspan="6" |1998
|[[All Rounder (1998 film)|''All Rounder'']]
|"Yeppudeppudo"
|[[Swaraveenapani]]
|[[Anuradha Sriram]]
|-
|''[[Auto Driver]]''
|"Akkineni Akkineni"
|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|[[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |''[[Chandralekha (1998 film)|Chandralekha]]''
|"Tajmahaluni"
| rowspan="3" |[[Sandeep Chowta]]
|
|-
|"Urumulu Nee Muvvalai"
|
|-
|"Mogali Podalu"
|
|-
|''[[Satya (1998 film)|Sathya]]''
|"Galliloni Matti Mattiki"
|[[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
|
|-
| rowspan="13" |1999
|''[[Sneham Kosam]]''
|"Meesamunna Nesthama"
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|
|-
|''[[Nee Kosam]]''
|"Nee Kosam"
|[[R. P. Patnaik]]
|[[Kousalya (singer)|Kousalya]]
|-
| rowspan="4" |''[[Mast (film)|Mallika]]''
|"Chalo Chalo"
| rowspan="4" |[[Sandeep Chowta]]
|
|-
|"Em Ayindho"
|
|-
|"Aat Maane"
|
|-
|"Yi Uella"
|
|-
|''[[Raja (1999 Indian film)|Raja]]''
|"Kavvinchake O Prema"
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|[[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |''[[Prema Katha]]''
|"Nee Kosam"
| rowspan="3" |[[Sandeep Chowta]]
|
|-
|"Devudu Karunisthadani"
|[[Anuradha Sriram]]
|-
|"Kokkaroko"
|
|-
| rowspan="3"| ''[[Preminche Manasu]]''
| "Nee Choopu Chalamma"
| rowspan="3"|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|
|-
| "Evare Cheli Nuvvevare" ||
|-
| "My Dear My Dear" || [[Smitha]]
|-
| rowspan="15" | 2000
|''[[Nuvvu Vastavani]]''
|"Meghamai Nenu Vachanu"
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|[[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|''[[Manasunna Maaraju]]''
|"O Prema"
|[[Vandemataram Srinivas]]
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |''[[Ninne Premistha]]''
|"Prema Endukani"
| rowspan="2" |[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
| rowspan="2" |[[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|"Gudi Gantalu"
|-
|''[[Devullu]]''
|"Shanti Nikethana"
|[[Vandemataram Srinivas]]
|[[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|''[[Kalisundam Raa]]''
|"Kalisunte Kaladu"
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|
|-
| rowspan="5" |''[[Jungle (2000 film)|Adavi]]'' (D)
|"Ninne Choosina"
| rowspan="5" |[[Sandeep Chowta]]
|
|-
|"Ee Prema Pakshulu"
|
|-
|"Priya Ninu Cheeredareedi"
|
|-
|"Chinna Nadumu Chilaka Mukku"
|
|-
|"Ayyo Ayyo Rama"
|
|-
|''[[Ravanna (film)|Ravanna]]''
|"Nuvvante Chala"
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|[[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|''[[Vandemataram Srinivas|Tirumala Tirupati Venkatesa]]''
|"Nadumu Vompulo"
|[[Vandemataram Srinivas]]
|[[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |''[[Pelli Sambandham]]''
|"Atchi Butchi"
| rowspan="2" |[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|"Bhale Bhale"
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2001
| rowspan="2"|''[[Naa Manasistha Raa]]''
| "Twinkle Twinkle"
| rowspan="2"|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Sunitha (Telugu singer)|Sunita]]
|-
|"Kadantava"
|-
| rowspan="3"|2002
| ''[[Santosham (2002 film)|Santosham]]''
| "Nuvvante Naakisthtam" || [[R. P. Patnaik]] || [[Singer Usha|Usha]]
|-
|''[[Nuvve Nuvve]]''
|"Ammayi Nachesindi"
|[[Koti (composer)|Koti]]
|[[Kousalya (singer)|Kousalya]]
|-
| ''[[Nee Sneham]]''
| "Emo Aunemo" || [[R. P. Patnaik]] || [[Singer Usha|Usha]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |2003
|''[[Toli Choopulone]]''
|"Pagadala Pedavipai"
|[[Chakri (composer)|Chakri]]
|[[Harini (singer)|Harini]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |''[[Vijayam (film)|Vijayam]]''
|"Hampilo Silpalu"
| rowspan="2" |[[Koti (composer)|Koti]]
|
|-
|"Kushalama O Priya"
|[[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
| rowspan="5" |2004
| rowspan="2" |''[[Monalisa (film)|Monalisa]]'' (D)
|"O Priyathama"
| rowspan="2" |Valisha-Sandeep
|
|-
|"Naa Manasantha"
|[[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|-
|''[[Intlo Srimathi Veedhilo Kumari]]''
|"Nee Ollo Ne Nerchu"
|Ghantadi Krishna
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |''[[Kushi Kushiga]]''
|"Godari Gattundi"
| rowspan="2" |[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
|"Preminche"
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2005
| rowspan="3" |''[[Sri (2005 film)|Sri]]''
|"Prema Prema"
| rowspan="3" |[[Sandeep Chowta]]
|
|-
|"Are Chi Chi"
|
|-
|"Holi Holi"
|
|-
| 2006
| ''[[Lakshmi (2006 film)|Lakshmi]]''
| "Ne Puttindi Neekosame"
| [[Ramana Gogula]] || Ganga
|-
|2007
|''[[Chandamama (2007 film)|Chandamama]]''
|"Buggey Bangarama"
|[[K. M. Radha Krishnan|K. M. Radhakrishnan]]
|
|-
|2008
|''[[Chintakayala Ravi]]''
|"Merupula Merise"
|[[Vishal–Shekhar]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
|2024
|[[Swag (film)|''Swag'']]
|"Neelo Naalo"
|[[Vivek Sagar]]
|Anjana Sowmya
|}

=== Tamil songs ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! Song
! Composer(s)
! Co-singer(s)
|-
|1995
|''[[Murai Mappillai]]''
|"Akka Magale"
|Swararaj
|
|-
|1996
|''[[Ninne Pelladata (1996 film)|Unnaiye Kalyanam Pannikiren]]'' (D)
|"Dhisai Maari Poyachu"
|Sandeep Chowta
|
|-
|1999
|''[[Thullatha Manamum Thullum]]''
|"Megamai Vandhu Pogiren"
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|
|-
|2000
|''[[Unnai Kodu Ennai Tharuven]]''
|"Sollu Thalaiva"
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|
|-
|2000
|''[[Ennavalle]]''
|"Raa Raa Rajakumara"
|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|[[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|2002
|''[[Raja (2002 film)|Raja]]''
|"Nee Paarkinrai"
|S. A. Rajkumar
|
|-
|2006
|''[[Vattaram]]''
|"Idhu Kadhal"
|[[Bharadwaj (composer)|Bharadwaj]]
|
|-
|2014
|''[[Jaihind 2]]''
|"Ayyaa Padichavare"
|[[Arjun Janya]]
|[[Gana Bala]]
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Parandhu Sella Vaa]]''
| "Man Meedhu"
| [[Joshua Sridhar]]
|
|-
|}

=== Hindi songs ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !!Song !! Film !! Music !! Lyrics !! Co-singer(s) !! Notes
|-
|1996||"Yahin Kahin Khoya"||''[[Ninne Pelladatha|Jab Dil Kisi Pe Aata Hai]]'' (D) ||Sandeep Chowta|| || ||
|-
| 2002||"Krishna Hare" || ''[[Bollywood/Hollywood]]'' || [[Sandeep Chowta]] || ||
|}

==Awards==
'''[[Karnataka State Film Awards]]:'''
* 2000 – [[Karnataka State Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer|Best Male Playback Singer]] – ''Bannada Hejje'' (Song: "Nagu Bandaroo Alu Bandaroo")<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.hindu.com/2001/12/17/stories/2001121701550300.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102014049/http://www.hindu.com/2001/12/17/stories/2001121701550300.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-11-02 | location=Chennai, India | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | title=Shivaraj, Tara, Anu bag State film awards | date=2001-12-17}}</ref>
* 2002 – Best Male Playback Singer – ''[[Ekangi]]'' (Song: "Hudugi Superamma")<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/art.nsf/94ff8a4a35a9b8876525698d002642a9/3c89ecbe8d9664ed65257253001b95f7/$FILE/A0580283.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=18 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405022703/http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/art.nsf/94ff8a4a35a9b8876525698d002642a9/3c89ecbe8d9664ed65257253001b95f7/%24FILE/A0580283.pdf |archive-date=5 April 2012 }}</ref>
* 2003 – Best Male Playback Singer – ''Dumbee'' (Song: "Kshamiseya")<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.viggy.com/english/current_state_award02_03.asp|title=Karnataka State Film Awards 2002-2003 announced - Artha of B. Suresh bagged the Best Film Award|website=Viggy.com}}</ref>

'''[[Nandi Awards]]:'''
* 1996 – [[Nandi Award for Best Male Playback Singer|Best Male Playback Singer]] – ''[[Ninne Pelladatha]]'' (Song: "Yeto Vellipoyindi Manasu")

'''[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]:'''
* 2014 – [[4th South Indian International Movie Awards|SIIMA Award for Best Male Playback Singer - Kannada]] – ''[[Mr. and Mrs. Ramachari]]'' (Song: "Kaarmoda Suridu")<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/siima-2015-kannada-nominations-upendra-yash-sri-murali-dhruva-sarja-satish-ninasam-best-actor-636079|title=SIIMA 2015 Kannada Nominations: Upendra, Yash, Sri Murali, Dhruva Sarja, Satish Ninasam in Best Actor List|website= IBTimes |date=16 June 2015|access-date=5 September 2022}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|nm4197200}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Krishnan, Rajesh}}
[[Category:1974 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Karnataka State Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Male actors in Kannada cinema]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Kannada-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Tamil-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Telugu-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Male actors from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Indian male voice actors]]
[[Category:Singers from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Indian male playback singers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]

Thomas Kallampally

2026-03-25T18:44:14Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: added page and added references

{{Short description|Indian politician and educationist}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Thomas Kallampally
| image =
| caption =
|office = [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Member of Kerala Legislative Assembly]] for [[Kanjirappally (State Assembly constituency)|Kanjirappally]]
|term_start3 = 25 January 1980
|term_end3 = 25 March 1987<ref name="Election Commission Data">{{cite web|last1=Kanjirappaly|first1=Elections|title=Thomas Kallampally term in Office|url=http://eci.nic.in/archive/electionanalysis/AE/S11/partycomp87.htm|website=eci.nic.in|publisher=Election Commission Analysis|accessdate=18 August 2014}}</ref>
|predecessor3 = KV Kurien
|successor3 = KJ Thomas<ref name="Election Commission Data"/>
|birthname = Joseph Thomas Kallampally
|birth_date = 19 April 1953
|birth_place = [[Kanjirappally]], [[Travancore-Cochin]], [[India]]
|death_date = 27 February 2002 (aged 48)
|death_place = [[Kanjirappally]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]
|nationality = Indian
|party = [[Kerala Congress]][[File:Kerala-Congress-flag.svg|24px]]
|spouse = Thresikutty Thomas
|children = Subhash Chandra Jose Mohan Roy Mathews Vivek Anand T Kallampally Ashok T Kallampally
|alma_mater = [[St. Thomas College, Pala]] [[Government Law College, Ernakulam]] [[Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala|Mahatma Gandhi University]]
|website = [http://www.partyanalyst.com/candidateElectionResultsAction.action?candidateId=52144 Kanjirappaly]
}}
'''Thomas Kallampally''' (19 April 1953 – 27 February 2002) was a notable politician and educationist from [[Kanjirappally]], [[Kerala]]. He was born in Kanjirappally. He started Netaji Vayanasaala, a library for the youth, at Anakkal, Kanjirappally at the age of 18. He was elected as the State General Secretary of Kerala Students Congress, the students' wing of [[Kerala Congress]], while doing his Law Degree at [[Government Law College, Ernakulam]]. He also served as the PTA president of St Antony's Public school from its inception till his demise.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.socialpulse.com/St_Antony_s_Public_School_Junior_College/profile/details | title=Shri Thomas Kallampally walks along with Governor of Kerala for the inauguration of St Antonys Public School | publisher=Social Plus | date=27 May 2014 | accessdate=28 May 2014 | archive-date=12 August 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812210452/http://www.socialpulse.com/St_Antony_s_Public_School_Junior_College/profile/details | url-status=dead }}</ref>
Kallampally was also a member of Center for Human Resourced Development of State of Kerala and Kerala State Pollution Control Board. He was also a lead campaign manager for the Kerala Congress for various Lok Sabha elections. Kallampally holds the record of the second youngest MLA in the history of [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] having elected to the Assembly at the age of 26.

==Early life and education==
Kallampally was born on 19 April 1953 in a family of agriculturists belonging to the [[Nasrani (India)|Nasrani]] community, in [[Kanjirappally]] in [[Kottayam district]] of [[Kerala]], India.<ref>{{cite news |last=eminent personalities|url=http://www.kanjirappally.com/eminent.htm |work=Eminent Personalities of Kanjirappally |title=Shri Thomas Kallampally is an eminent person of Kanjirappaly | publisher=Kanjirappaly.com|accessdate=2 April 2014}}</ref> as the second son of Mr K. M Joseph and Annamma. Thomas Kallampally's parents send him to the AKJM school since he was good at studies from an early age. At the age of 18, he organized the local youth at his hometown to start a library in his ancestral property, which he named after Netaji [[Subhash Chandra Bose]]. After predegree at St. Dominics College, he joined [[St. Thomas College, Pala]] for his bachelor's degree in botany. He was attracted to the students' politics of Kerala Students Congress and soon rose as a dynamic student leader. He then joined [[Government Law College, Ernakulam]] for LLB. He had a brilliant academic career.<ref>{{cite news |last=Niyamasabha|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/members/m698.htm |work= Member of Kerala Legislative Assembly Thomas Kallampally|title=Shri Thomas Kallampally had a brilliant academic career | publisher=Niyamasabha.org|accessdate=18 August 2014}}</ref>

==Early political career==
Kallampally became a member of the Kerala Congress during his student days. He was elected as the district president of Kerala Students Congress,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Kallampally|first1=Thomas|title=Kallampally District President of KSC|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/members/m698.htm|website=Niyamasabha.org|accessdate=18 August 2014}}</ref> the student wing of the Kerala Congress. Due to his dynamic leadership and flamboyant oratory skills, he was soon elected as the state general secretary of Kerala Students Congress under Mr P. M. Mathew as the state president.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Kallampally|first1=Thomas|title=Kallampally State General Secretary of KSC|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/members/m698.htm|website=Niyamasabha.org|accessdate=18 August 2014}}</ref> Kallampally led a foot protest march of KSC from Kasargod to Parasala against the anti-student policies of the government. He was the only leader to walk the entire 600+ kilometers with his president. He was asked to contest the panchayat elections in Parathodu and he won the election to be the member of Parathodu panchayat.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Kallampally|first1=Thomas|title=Kallampally won Parathodu Panchayat elections|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/members/m698.htm|website=Niyamasabha.org|accessdate=18 August 2014}}</ref> He worked briefly as a lawyer in [[High Court of Kerala]].

==MLA of Kanjirappally==
In 1980 Kallampally contested for the Legislative Assembly from [[Kanjirappally (State Assembly constituency)|Kanjirappally]] as the Kerala Congress candidate. He defeated Joseph Varanam.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kerala Assembly Election Results 1980 Kanjirappally|url=http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=586&cid=87 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814082006/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=586&cid=87 |url-status=usurped |archive-date=14 August 2014 |work=Kanjirappally Election 1980 |title=Thomas Kallampally (KCM) elected | publisher=empoweringindia.org|accessdate=14 August 2014}}</ref> Under the leadership of Kallampally, there were many development initiatives like roads, bridges, drinking water schemes and schools that was brought in Kanjirappally. He was subsequently re-elected in 1982 when he defeated Mr Mustafa Kamal by a margin of 8437 votes.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kerala Assembly Election Results 1982 Kanjirappally|url=http://keralaassembly.org/1982/1982087.html|work=Kanjirappally Election 1982 |title=Thomas Kallampally (KCM) elected by a margin of 8437 votes| publisher=keralaassembly.org|accessdate=14 August 2014}}</ref> He made a mark both inside and outside the Kerala Legislative Assembly with his oratory. He could use both a forensic style and a more flamboyant grand style with ease depending on the situation. A development roadmap was put forth for constituency which he chased professionally to bring the development initiatives. He remained in office until 1987 elections and was known for exceptional development works that he brought in the constituency.

===1987 Election===
1987 saw a lot of political polarization in Kerala. Kerala Congress was split just before the elections under [[P. J. Joseph]] and [[K. M. Mani]]. Kallampally's effort to avoid the split turned futile. Meanwhile, [[George J. Mathew|George J Mathew]], another leader from Kerala Congress and earlier [[Member of Parliament]] from the Lok Sabha constituency was at odds with Kerala Congress, decided to contest the legislative elections from [[Kanjirappally (State Assembly constituency)|Kanjirappally]] against Kallampally. Both these developments caused the split in the [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front]] votes. In the triangular contest, Kallampally was defeated and Mr KJ Thomas of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] won.
[[File:Thomas Kallampally at St Antonys College.jpg|thumb|right|Kallampally at St Antony's College Function]]
[[File:Young Kallampally as MLA.jpg|thumb|right|Young Kallampally as MLA]]

==Education Initiatives==
Kallampally worked as a lawyer after the 1987 election. He spent a lot of his time on education initiatives around Kanjirappally apart from legal career and politics. He worked with the parish priests of Anakkal church to start the St Antony's Public School and Junior College in 1988. Initially the school was set up as an English medium school affiliated to the state syllabus. But the state government under [[E. K. Nayanar]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=EK|first1=Nayanar|title=EK Nayanar- Chief Minister from 1987 - 1991 in Kerala|url=http://www.keralaassembly.org/min87.html|website=www.keralaassembly.org|publisher=KLA|accessdate=19 August 2014}}</ref> ordered to cancel the newly setup English medium schools as per the policy of the LDF government. Kallampally decided to pursue a CBSE affiliation to the school on the advice of the then education minister K. Chandrasekharan.<ref>{{cite web|last1=K|first1=Chandrashekharan|title=K Chandrashekaran - Education Minister from 1987 - 1991 in Kerala|url=http://www.keralaassembly.org/min87.html|website=www.keralaassembly.org|publisher=KLA|accessdate=19 August 2014}}</ref> It was a time when CBSE schools were unknown in the central Travancore area and CBSE schools at Yercaud and Ootty was the privilege of the elite rich planters. Kallampally realized that a CBSE school was the best way to attain his objective to give the poor people of Kanjirappaly an affordable opportunity to have quality education on par with international standards. In 1988, after his continuous effort, visits to Delhi, meetings with the then Chairman of [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE), H. S Sinha{{citation needed|date=January 2016}} and an inspection from a high power committee, CBSE affiliation was granted to the school.<ref>{{cite web|title=St Antonys Public School started in 1988|url=http://saps.ac.in/|website=saps.ac.in/|publisher=SAPS}}</ref> St Antony's Public School and Junior College has since then grown to be one of the best schools in the State of Kerala. Kallampally was part of the Managing Council and played an intense role from selection of staff, laying down policies, aiding the principal in day-to-day administration challenges to spearheading the larger development initiatives of the school. In 1991, he founded St Antony's College along with few other volunteers in Kanjirappaly with an aim to provide better higher education to the people around Kanjirappally. It was a time when computers were unknown in the area. St Antony's College was the first institution in the central Travancore area to provide DOEACC recognized A Level courses in computer science. He served as the Principal of St Antony's College until his death.

==Personal life and family==
He married Thresikutty Mathew, a teacher by profession, on 26 September 1982 while he was an MLA. She retired as the principal of St. Dominic's Higher Secondary School in Kanjirapally. They have four sons - Subhash Chandra Jose, an engineer, working as Managing Director - Information Technology, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), UK; Mohan Roy Mathews, a lawyer, working with Maatrum Technologies and Legal Ventures as their state legal head, Kerala; Vivek Anand T Kallampally, an engineer, working with Microsoft, Bengaluru and Ashok T Kallampally, an architect who is running his own firm Habiqube Architecture Studio.

==Personality and image==
Kallampally had a frugal lifestyle and was a [[workaholic]]. In spite of his academic and political success, he lived an exceptionally simple life. He stayed away from controversies his whole lifetime. He had exemplary oratory skills and was known as the 'Roaring Lion of Kerala' due to his style of speech. He could speak for hours on any subject concerning the state of Kerala or even international matters of relevance. He was referred by the media as the most ego less politician in Kerala politics. Kallampally was easily accessible to the people, travelled in KSRTC buses, mingled freely with the poor and favored anyone in need above political affiliations, which earned him a unique position among the people of Kanjirappally.

==References==
'''Notes'''
{{notelist}}
'''Citations'''
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
{{portal|Biography|India}}
* [http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/members/m698.htm Thomas Kallampally Page in Niyamasabha.org]
* [http://www.indiavotes.com/ac/details/28/5180/35 1980 Kanjirappaly Election Results]
* [http://www.socialpulse.com/St_Antony_s_Public_School_Junior_College/profile/details SAPS and Kallampally from the Social Plus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812210452/http://www.socialpulse.com/St_Antony_s_Public_School_Junior_College/profile/details |date=12 August 2014 }}
* [http://www.indiavotes.com/ac/allcabdidateparty?stateac=28&emid=35&party=87 Collected news and commentary at India Votes]
* [http://www.elections.in/kerala/assembly-constituencies/kanjirappally.html Collected news and commentary at Elections In]
* [http://factgrabber.com/index.php?q=Kanjirappalli&lcid=poGmuQaRhoGGGUbJZMlkmWbBJ5lkiYaBpskmscbBBhkG Collected news from FactGrabber]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kallampally, Thomas}}
[[Category:1953 births]]
[[Category:Indian Christians]]
[[Category:Kerala MLAs 1980–1982]]
[[Category:People from Kottayam district]]
[[Category:2002 deaths]]
[[Category:Malayali politicians]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Kerala]]
[[Category:Kerala MLAs 1982–1987]]

Leh district

2026-03-23T21:09:05Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: updated details further and improved wording

{{Short description|District of Ladakh, administered by India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Leh district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Ladakh|District]] of [[Ladakh]] administered by India<ref name=tertiary-kashmir/>
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_skyline = Leh 02.jpg
| image_caption = View of Leh Town
| image_map1 = Kashmir region. LOC 2003626427 - showing sub-regions administered by different countries.jpg
| map_alt =
| map_caption1 = A map showing Indian-administered [[Ladakh]] (shaded in [[tan (color)|tan]] in the disputed [[Kashmir]] region<ref name=tertiary-kashmir/>
| coordinates = {{coord|33|38|N|77|46|E|type:adm2nd_region:IN_dim:200000|display=inline,title}}
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 4
| coor_pinpoint = Leh
| subdivision_type = Administering country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = {{nowrap|[[States and union territories of India|Union Territory]]}}
| subdivision_name1 = [[Ladakh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Headquarters]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Leh]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 1 July 1979
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Leh]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = Leh, Khaltsi, Nyoma, Kharu, Diskit Nubra, Saspol, Durbuk and Sumoor
| area_total_km2 = 45,110
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 133487
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 45,671
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 77.2%
| demographics1_title2 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| demographics1_info2 = 690 [[female|♀]]/ 1000 [[male|♂]] 
| demographics_type2 = Languages
| demographics2_title1 = Official
| demographics2_info1 = [[Hindi]], [[English language|English]]
| demographics2_title2 = Spoken
| demographics2_info2 = [[Ladakhi language|Ladakhi]], [[Balti language|Balti]], [[Brokskat]], [[Tibetic languages|Tibetan]], [[Hindi/Urdu]]
| leader_title = [[District magistrate (India)|Deputy Commissioner]]
| leader_name = Sh. Romil Singh Donk [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]
| leader_title1 = [[Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh|Chief Executive Councillor]]
| leader_name1 = post vacant since {1st november}
| leader_title2 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha Constituency]]
| leader_name2 = [[Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ladakh]]
| leader_title3 = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]]
| leader_name3 = {{nowrap|[[Mohmad Haneefa]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/MemberHomePage.aspx?mpsno=5006|title=Lok Sabha Members|work=Lok Sabha|accessdate=12 July 2021}}</ref>}}
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate = JK 10 (till 2019)
LA-02
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = {{URL|leh.nic.in/}}
| official_name =
}}

'''Leh district''' is a district in [[India]]n-administered [[Ladakh]] in the [[Kashmir#Dispute|disputed]] [[Kashmir]]-region.<ref name=tertiary-kashmir>The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of [[Kashmir]] and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the [[BP:TERTIARY|tertiary sources]] (a) through (e), reflecting [[BP:DUE|due weight]] in the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (h) through (i) below, "held" is also considered politicized usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (j) below). 
(a) {{citation|title=Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kashmir-region-Indian-subcontinent |accessdate=15 August 2019}} (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories."; (b) {{citation|last1=Pletcher|first1=Kenneth|title=Aksai Chin, Plateau Region, Asia|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Aksai-Chin |accessdate=16 August 2019}} (subscription required) Quote: "Aksai Chin, Chinese (Pinyin) Aksayqin, portion of the Kashmir region, at the northernmost extent of the Indian subcontinent in south-central Asia. It constitutes nearly all the territory of the Chinese-administered sector of Kashmir that is claimed by India to be part of the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir state."; (c) {{citation|chapter=Kashmir|title=Encyclopedia Americana|publisher=Scholastic Library Publishing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l_cWAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA328|year=2006|isbn=978-0-7172-0139-6|page=328}} C. E Bosworth, University of Manchester Quote: "KASHMIR, kash'mer, the northernmost region of the Indian subcontinent, administered partlv by India, partly by Pakistan, and partly by China. The region has been the subject of a bitter dispute between India and Pakistan since they became independent in 1947"; (d) {{citation|last1=Osmańczyk|first1=Edmund Jan|title=Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: G to M|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fSIMXHMdfkkC&pg=PA1191|year=2003|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-93922-5|pages=1191–}} Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China." (e) {{citation|last=Talbot|first=Ian|title=A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eNg_CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA28|year=2016|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-19694-8|pages=28–29}} Quote: "We move from a disputed international border to a dotted line on the map that represents a military border not recognized in international law. The line of control separates the Indian and Pakistani administered areas of the former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir."; (f) {{citation|last=Skutsch|first=Carl|editor-last=Ciment|editor-first=James|title=Encyclopedia of Conflicts Since World War II|edition=2nd|year=2015|orig-year=2007|isbn=978-0-7656-8005-1|chapter=China: Border War with India, 1962|location=London and New York|publisher=Routledge|page=573|quote=The situation between the two nations was complicated by the 1957–1959 uprising by Tibetans against Chinese rule. Refugees poured across the Indian border, and the Indian public was outraged. Any compromise with China on the border issue became impossible. Similarly, China was offended that India had given political asylum to the Dalai Lama when he fled across the border in March 1959. In late 1959, there were shots fired between border patrols operating along both the ill-defined McMahon Line and in the Aksai Chin.}} (g) {{citation|last=Clary|first=Christopher|title=The Difficult Politics of Peace: Rivalry in Modern South Asia|publisher=Oxford University Press|location = Oxford and New York|isbn=9780197638408|page=109|quote=Territorial Dispute: The situation along the Sino-Indian frontier continued to worsen. In late July (1959), an Indian reconnaissance patrol was blocked, "apprehended," and eventually expelled after three weeks in custody at the hands of a larger Chinese force near Khurnak Fort in Aksai Chin. ... Circumstances worsened further in October 1959, when a major class at Kongka Pass in eastern Ladakh led to nine dead and ten captured Indian border personnel, making it by far the most serious Sino-Indian class since India's independence.}} (h) {{citation|last=Bose|first=Sumantra|title=Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ACMe9WBdNAC&pg=PA294|year=2009|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-02855-5|pages=294, 291, 293}} Quote: "J&K: Jammu and Kashmir. The former princely state that is the subject of the Kashmir dispute. Besides IJK (Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. The larger and more populous part of the former princely state. It has a population of slightly over 10 million, and comprises three regions: Kashmir Valley, Jammu, and Ladakh.) and AJK ('Azad" (Free) Jammu and Kashmir. The more populous part of Pakistani-controlled J&K, with a population of approximately 2.5 million.), it includes the sparsely populated "Northern Areas" of Gilgit and Baltistan, remote mountainous regions which are directly administered, unlike AJK, by the Pakistani central authorities, and some high-altitude uninhabitable tracts under Chinese control." (i) {{citation|last=Fisher|first=Michael H.|title=An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kZVuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA166|year=2018|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-11162-2|page=166}} Quote: "Kashmir’s identity remains hotly disputed with a UN-supervised “Line of Control” still separating Pakistani-held Azad (“Free”) Kashmir from Indian-held Kashmir."; (j) {{citation|last=Snedden|first=Christopher|title=Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5amKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10|year=2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-1-84904-621-3|page=10}} Quote:"Some politicised terms also are used to describe parts of J&K. These terms include the words 'occupied' and 'held'."
</ref> Ladakh is an Indian-administered [[union territory]]. With an area of 45,110 ''km''''2'', it is the second largest district in the country, second only to [[Kutch district|Kutch]]. It is bounded on the north by [[Gilgit-Baltistan]]'s [[Kharmang District|Kharmang]] and [[Ghanche District|Ghanche]] districts and [[Xinjiang]]'s [[Kashgar Prefecture]] and [[Hotan Prefecture]], to which it connects via the historic [[Karakoram Pass]]. [[Aksai Chin]] and [[Tibet]] are to the east, [[Kargil district]] to the west, and [[Lahaul and Spiti district|Lahul and Spiti]] to the south. The district headquarters is in [[Leh]]. It lies between [[32nd parallel north|32]] and [[36th parallel north|36 degree]] north latitude and [[75th meridian east|75]] to [[80th meridian east|80 degree]] east longitude.

All of Ladakh was under the administration of Leh until 1 July 1979, when the Kargil and Leh administrative districts were created. Religion has been a source of grievance between Buddhists and Muslims since the late 20th century and contributed to this division.<ref name=":0">{{cite news |title=Muslim Precedence Politics - How it operates in Ladakh |date=August 2002 |work=Kashmir Sentinel |url=http://kashmirsentinel.com/aug2002/8.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006063842/http://kashmirsentinel.com/aug2002/8.html |archive-date=2008-10-06}}</ref>

In 2017, the district was declared a tobacco-free zone. The Directorate of Health Services Kashmir, under the National Tobacco Control Programme, began working towards the designation early in 2017 and the status was declared in August. Rehana Kousar (in-charge, NTCP, Kashmir) said that work was done with civil society, religious and women's groups and that a "major success was achieved by the involvement of women in the anti-tobacco campaign."<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/jammu-kashmir/leh-declared-tobacco-free/454870.html|title=Leh Declared Tobacco-Free|website=The Tribune India|access-date=24 August 2017}}</ref>

In August 2019, the [[Parliament of India]] passed the [[Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Bill, 2019|act]] that contained provisions to make Leh a district of the new union territory of [[Ladakh]], which was formed 31 October 2019.<ref name="Business Today 2019-08-06">{{Cite news |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/current/economy-politics/jammu-and-kashmir-crisis-live-updates-governor-reviews-security-situation-in-state/story/370856.html|title=Article 370 revoked Updates: Jammu & Kashmir is now a Union Territory, Lok Sabha passes bifurcation bill |date=6 August 2019 |website=Business Today}}</ref>

==Administration==
Leh district has seven sub-divisions and eight tehsils.
The sub-divisions are: [[Nubra Valley|Nubra]], [[Durbuk]] (Durbok), [[Khalatse]] (Khaltsi/Khalsi), [[Leh]], [[Kharoo]], [[Likir]], [[Nyoma]].<ref name="leh div 1">{{cite web |title=Subdivisions & Blocks |url=https://leh.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/subdivision-blocks/ |publisher=District Leh - Ladakh}}</ref>
The tehsils are: [[Sumoor]], [[Diskit]], [[Durbuk]], [[Khalatse]], [[Suspol, Leh|Saspol]], [[Leh]], [[Kharoo]], and [[Nyoma]].<ref name="leh div 4">[https://leh.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/tehsil/ Leh tehsils].</ref>

{{anchor| subdivision | tehsil | block }}



As a result of ''The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Removal of Difficulties) Second Order, 2019'', Leh district claimed [[de jure]] jurisdiction over the following areas of Pakistani-administered Kashmir: Gilgit, Gilgit Wazarat, Chilas, and Tribal territory.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2019/11/02/jammu-and-kashmir-reorganisation-removal-of-difficulties-second-order-2019/ |title = J&K Reorganisation (Removal of Difficulties) Second Order, 2019 -- [Territory of Leh district shall constitute, Gilgit, Gilgit Wazarat, Chilas, Tribal territory & 'Leh & Ladakh' except present territory of Kargil]|date = 2 November 2019}}</ref>

The [[Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh]] (LAHDC Leh) is the [[Autonomous regions of India|Autonomous District Council]] that administers the Leh district.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiacode.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/4912/1/ladakh_autonomous_hill_development_council_act%2C_1997.pdf|title=Ladakh Autonomous Hill development Council act 1997|access-date=26 January 2021}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"
! colspan="4" |<big>Sub–divisions, Blocks and Villages in Leh</big><ref>{{Cite web|title=Villages {{!}} District Leh, Union Territory of Ladakh {{!}} India|url=https://leh.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/village/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201224142026/https://leh.nic.in/about-district/administrative-setup/village/|archive-date=24 December 2020|access-date=2020-12-24|website=District Leh - Ladakh – Government of India|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
!District
! scope="col" ! | Sub-Division
! scope="col" ! | Blocks
! scope="col" ! | Villages
|-
! rowspan="16" |Leh district
| rowspan="3" | [[Khalatse|Khaltsi]]
| [[Khalatse|Khaltsi]] || [[Kanji, Ladakh|Kanji]], [[Khalatse|Khaltsi]], [[Lamayouro|Lamayuru]], [[Leido|Leh Dho]], [[Nurla]], [[Skindiang]], [[Takmachik]], [[Temisgam]], [[Tia, Leh|Tia]]
|-
|[[Singaylalok]]
|[[Photoksar]], [[Lingshet]], [[Wanla]], [[Youl Chung]]
|-
|[[Skur Buchan|Skurbuchan]]
|[[Dah, Ladakh|Dah]], [[Domkhar]], [[Hanu, Ladakh|Hanoo]], [[Skur Buchan]]
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Leh]]
|[[Chuchot valley|Chuchot]]
| [[Chuchat Yakma|Chuchot Yakma]], [[Chuchot Gongma]], [[Chuchot Shama]], [[Mathoo]], [[Stakna]], [[Stok]]
|-
|[[Leh]]
|[[Phey]], [[Saboo, Leh|Saboo]], [[Fiang|Phyang]], [[Spituk]], [[Choglamsar]]
|-
|[[Thiksey|Thiksay]]
|[[Nang, Leh|Nang]], [[Rambir Por]], [[Shey]], [[Thiksey]]
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Nubra]]
|[[Diskit]]
| [[Digger, Leh district|Diger]], [[Diskit]], [[Hundar, India|Hundar]], [[Hundar Dok]], [[Hundri]], [[Khalsar, India|Khalsar]], [[Khardong, Leh district|Khardong]], [[Khema Khungru]], [[Lakjung]], [[Largiab]], [[Partap Pore|Partapur]], [[Skanpuk]], [[Skuru]], [[Tangyar]], [[Terchey]], [[Udmaru]], [[Warisfistan]]
|-
|[[Panamic]]
|[[Chamshan Charasa]], [[Khemi]], [[Kubed, Leh district|Kubed]], [[Panamic]], [[Sumoor]], [[Tegar|Tiggar]]
|-
|[[Turtuk]]
|[[Bogdang]], [[Chalunka|Chulungkha]], [[Takshi|Taksi]], [[Thang, Ladakh|Thanga Chathang]], [[Turtuk]]
|-
| [[Durbok|Durbuk]]
|[[Durbok|Durbuk]]
| [[Chushul]], [[Durbok|Durbuk]], [[Kargyam]], [[Man Pangong]], [[Shachukul]], [[Tangtse]]
|-
| [[Kharoo|Kharu]]
| [[Kharoo|Kharu]] || [[Changa, Leh district|Changa]], [[Chemrey]], [[Gia, Leh district|Gia]], [[Hemis]], [[Igoo]], [[Khargu]], [[Langokor]], [[Matselang]], [[Meroo, Leh district|Miru]], [[Phuktse]], [[Sakti, Leh district|Serthi]], [[Shang, Leh district|Shang]], [[Shara, Leh district|Shara]], [[Sharnose]], [[Upshi]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Likir]]
| [[Nimo, Leh district|Nimoo]] || [[Bazgoo]], [[Chiling Sumda]], [[Likir]], [[Ney, Leh district|Ney]], [[Nimo, Leh district|Nimoo]], [[Rumbak]], [[Skiumarkha]], [[Taroo]], [[Umla]]
|-
|[[Suspol, Leh|Saspol]]
|[[Alchi]], [[Giramangu]], [[Saspochey]], [[Suspol, Leh|Suspol]], [[Tarhipti]], [[Hemis Shukpachan|Hemishok Pachan]]
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Nyoma]]
| [[Nyoma]] || [[Anlay]], [[Demchok, Ladakh|Demjok]], [[Koyul]], [[Mood, Leh district|Mood]], [[Nyoma]]
|-
|[[Rong valley|Rong]]-Chumathang
|[[Chumathang]], [[Himya]], [[Kerey]], [[Kumgyam]], [[Liktse]], [[Skitmang]], [[Tarchit]], [[Teri, Leh district|Teri]], [[Tukla, Leh district|Tukla]]
|-
|[[Rupshu|Rupsho]]-[[Puga valley|Puga]]
|[[Karzok]], [[Kharnak]], [[Samad Rakchan]]
|-
!Total
!7
!16
!113
|}

==Demographics==
{{bar box
|title=Sex Ratio in Leh District in 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C01" /> (no. females per 1,000 males)
|float=right
|width=360px
|left1=Religion (and population)
|right1=Sex Ratio
|bars=
{{bar pixel|Buddhist (pop 88,635)|yellow|101.356||1,014 }}
{{bar pixel|Hindu (pop 22,882)|orange|4.208||42 }}
{{bar pixel|Muslim (pop 19,057)|green|81.616||816 }}
{{bar pixel|Other (pop 2,913)|grey|16.473||165 }}
{{bar pixel|Total (pop 133,487)|black|69.033||690 }}
}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Leh district had a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 133,487,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/01/0103_PART_A_DCHB_LEH.pdf|title=Leh district census data 2011|access-date=20 February 2019}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Saint Lucia]].<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 June 2007 | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Saint Lucia 161,557 July 2011 est.}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 609th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).{{citation needed|date=August 2022}} The district has a population density of {{convert| 3 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 13.87%, (it was 30.15% for 1991–2001).{{citation needed|date=August 2022}} Leh has a [[sex ratio]] of 690 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males (this varies with religion), and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 77.2%.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

=== Religion ===
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Leh district (2011)<ref name="census2011-C01"/>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent(%)
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Tibetan Buddhism|Buddhism]]|Gold|66.40}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|17.14}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in India|Islam]]|green|14.28}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|darkkhaki|0.82}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|1.36}}
}}

{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed "
|-
! colspan=10 | Leh district: religion, gender ratio, and % urban of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C01">{{cite report |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community – Jammu & Kashmir |url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW01C-01%20MDDS.XLS |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=28 July 2020}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!|
!| Hindu
!| Muslim
!| Christian
!| Sikh
!| Buddhist
!| Jain
!| Other
!| Not stated
!| Total
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Total
|| 22,882 || 19,057 || 658 || 1,092 || 88,635 || 103 || 54 || 1,006 || 133,487
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
|| 17.14% || 14.28% || 0.49% || 0.82% || 66.40% || 0.08% || 0.04% || 0.75% || 100.00%
|-
| colspan=10|
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Male
|| 21,958 || 10,493 || 469 || 1,018 || 44,019 || 49 || 29 || 936 || 78,971
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Female
|| 924 || 8,564 || 189 || 74 || 44,616 || 54 || 25 || 70 || 54,516
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Gender ratio (% female)
|| 4.0% || 44.9% || 28.7% || 6.8% || 50.3% || 52.4% || 46.3% || 7.0% || 40.8%
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center"
| style="text-align:left;" | Sex ratio (no. females per 1,000 males)
|| 42 || 816 || 403 || 73 || 1,014 || – || – || 75 || 690
|-
| colspan=10|
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Urban
|| 14,542 || 5,169 || 358 || 927 || 24,023 || 24 || 53 || 575 || 45,671
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Rural
|| 8,340 || 13,888 || 300 || 165 || 64,612 || 79 || 1 || 431 || 87,816
|- style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | % Urban
|| 63.6% || 27.1% || 54.4% || 84.9% || 27.1% || 23.3% || 98.1% || 57.2% || 34.2%
|-
|}
{{clear left}}

=== Languages ===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages of Leh district (2011)<ref name="census2011-C16">{{cite report |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Jammu & Kashmir |url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0100.XLSX |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=18 July 2020}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Ladakhi language|Ladakhi]] |value1 = 70.22 |color1 = seagreen
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 12.75 |color2 = orange
|label3 = [[Balti language|Balti]] |value3 = 3.95 |color3 = lightseagreen
|label4 = [[Tibetic languages|Tibetan]] |value4 = 3.46 |color4 = royalblue
|label5 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] |value5 = 1.02 |color5 = pink
|label6 = [[Marathi language|Marathi]] |value6 = 1.01 |color6 = red
|label7 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] |value7 = 1.01 |color7 = sandybrown
|label8 = Others |value8 =6.58 |color8 = grey
}}[[Ladakhi language|Ladakhi]] is the most spoken language, and Hindi/Urdu is the second-largest language, mainly spoken in Leh. [[Balti language|Balti]] is found in [[Nubra]] near the boundary with Gilgit-Baltistan. [[Tibetic languages|Tibetan]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]] and [[Nepali language|Nepali]] are all mainly spoken in Leh. [[Urdu]] and [[English language|English]] are widely understood in Leh.<ref name=":0" />

==Politics==
===Parliamentary Constituency===
The district falls under [[Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency)]]. The present [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] (MP) of Ladakh is [[Mohmad Haneefa]] (independent candidate).

===Autonomous Hill Council===
Leh District is administered by an elected body known as the [[Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh]]. The LAHDC was established in 1995.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://leh.nic.in/lahdc.htm |title=Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh |publisher=Leh |access-date=2007-12-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030134447/http://leh.nic.in/lahdc.htm |archive-date=2007-10-30}}</ref>

The latest elections were held in October 2020. The BJP secured 15 seats while the INC won 9 and the Independents won 2.

==Transportation==
===Road===
Leh is connected to the rest of India by two high-altitude roads both of which are subject to landslides and neither of which are passable in winter when covered by deep snows. The [[National Highway 1D (India)|National Highway 1D]] from [[Srinagar]] via [[Kargil]] is generally open longer. The [[Leh-Manali Highway]] can be troublesome due to very high passes and plateaus, and the lower but landslide-prone Rohtang Pass near [[Manali, Himachal Pradesh|Manali]]. The third road axis is under construction.

*[[National Highway 1 (India)|National Highway 1]]
The overland approach to Ladakh from the Kashmir valley via the 434-km. [[National Highway 1 (India)|National Highway 1]] typically remains open for traffic from June to October/November. The most dramatic part of this road journey is the ascent up the 3,505 m (11,500 ft.) high [[Zoji-la]], a tortuous pass in the Great Himalayan Wall. The [[Jammu and Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation]] (JKSRTC) operates regular Deluxe and Ordinary bus services between Srinagar and Leh on this route with an overnight halt at Kargil. Taxis (cars and jeeps) are also available at Srinagar for the journey.

*[[National Highway 3 (India)|National Highway 3]] or [[Leh-Manali Highway]]
Since 1989, the 473-km Leh-Manali Highway has been serving as the second land approach to Ladakh. Open for traffic from June to late October, this high road traverses the upland desert plateaux of Rupsho whose altitude ranges from 3,660 m to 4,570 m. There are a number of high passes en route among which the highest one, known as [[Tanglang La]], is sometimes (but incorrectly) claimed to be the world's second-highest motorable pass at an altitude of 5,325 m. (17,469 feet).<ref>See the article on [[Khardung La]] for a discussion of the world's highest motorable passes.</ref>

* [[Nimmu–Padam–Darcha road]]

This is the third road axis to Leh. It is currently under construction.

===Air===
[[File:IXL Front 2010.jpg|thumb|[[Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport]]]]
Leh's [[Leh Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport]] has flights to Delhi at least daily on [[Air India]] which also provides twice-weekly services to [[Jammu]] and a weekly flight to [[Srinagar]]. Passengers connect in [[Delhi]] for other destinations. [[Go First]] operates [[Delhi]] to Leh daily flights during peak time.

===Rail===
There is no railway service currently in Ladakh, however, 2 railway routes are proposed- the [[Bhanupli–Leh line]] and Srinagar–Kargil–Leh line.<ref>{{cite news|title=Himachal CM meets Union railway minister, seeks 100% Centre funding for Bhanupali-Bilaspur-Leh rail line|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/himachal-cm-meets-union-rly-minister-seeks-100-centre-funding-for-bhanupali-bilaspur-leh-rail-line/story-AGkPR9GCAei32BM6X0WhLJ.html|accessdate=9 November 2020|newspaper=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Thiksey, Tibetan Buddhism in Indus River Valley, Ladakh, North India.jpg|[[Indus River]] Valley in Thiksey
Leh, Tibetan Buddhism in Ladakh, India, Trans-Himalaya.jpg|Indus Valley in Leh
Khardung La (pass), Mountains, Indus River Valley, Ladakh, North India, Himalayas.jpg|[[Khardung La]] pass in Ladakh Range
Leh-Manali Highway, Rock formations, Ladakh, India.jpg|Rock formations along [[Leh-Manali Highway]]
Leh, Mountain view in the evening, Ladakh, India.jpg|Mountain peaks around Leh
Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe.jpg|[[Tsomoriri]] lake
Pangong Tso 2.jpg|[[Pangong tso|Pangong]] lake
India - Ladakh - Leh - 053 - flower fields outside my guesthouse (3844435507).jpg|Leh district flower fields and mountains
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[List of districts of Ladakh]]
* [[Geography of Ladakh]]
* [[Tourism in Ladakh]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://leh.nic.in/ Official Website of Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh]
* [https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/jammuandkashmir/tehsil/leh.html Leh tehsil map], Maps of India
* [http://www.visitladakh.com Ladakh Tourism Guide] - Photo Gallery of Leh, Monasteries in Leh, NGO's in Leh, Important Phone #.
* [http://www.scoopnews.in/det.aspx?q=75778 Shaam Region in Leh] (not to be confused with the [[Shaam|Middle Eastern region]])

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Leh district
|North = ''[[China]]''
|Northeast =
|East = ''[[China]]''
|Southeast =
|South = [[Lahaul and Spiti district]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Kargil district]]
|Northwest = ''[[Kashmir conflict|Disputed region]]''
}}

{{Leh district}}
{{Ladakh}}
{{India topics}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Leh district| ]]
[[Category:1979 establishments in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Leh]]
[[Category:Geography of Ladakh]]
[[Category:Minority concentrated districts in India]]
[[Category:Districts of Ladakh]]

Mahadev Temple, Deobaloda

2026-03-22T16:58:55Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: small adjust formatting for consistency

{{Short description|Hindu temple in Durg, Chhattisgarh}}
{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Mahadev Temple
| image = Shiva Temple, Deobaloda 04.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Mahadev Temple
| map_type = India Chhattisgarh
| map_caption = Location in Chhattisgarh
| coordinates = {{coord|21|13|07|N|81|28|43|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}

| country = [[India]]
| state = [[Chhattisgarh]]
| district = [[Durg district]]
| locale = Deobaloda, [[Bhilai Charoda]] town.
| elevation_m =
| deity = [[Shiva]]
| festivals=
| year_completed = 13th century CE
| architecture = [[Nagara architecture|Nagara]]
| monument_quantity=
}}

'''Mahadev Temple''' is a [[Hindu temple]], dedicated to Lord [[Shiva]], located in Deobaloda in the [[Indian state]] of [[Chhattisgarh]]. This temple belongs to the Kalchuri Period.<ref name = patrika/> The temple is a protected monument under the [[Archaeological Survey of India]]. The temple witnesses high footfall during [[Mahashivratri]] when the devotees from nearby villages gather here for Lord Shiva's blessing. The event is also accompanied by a small fair.<ref name=welcome/><ref name=gyan/>

==Overview==

It is an ancient temple built by [[Kalachuris of Mahishmati|Kalchuri]]s during the 13th century CE.<ref name=quest/><ref name=gyan/> It is said that this temple was built in just 6 months and that is why it is also called '''6 Maashi''' ("6 months") '''temple'''.<ref name=gondwana/> The temple has a Kund and it is believed to be connected to another old town, [[Arang]] of Chhattisgarh state, through a tunnel.<ref name = patrika/>

==Architecture==

The temple is east facing, built of sand stone. It has a [[Garbhagriha]] and a pillared Navaranga [[Mandapa]] (hall). The [[shikhara]] which was supposed to have been built in [[Nagara architecture|Nagara]] style<ref name=quest/> is missing. The Garbhagriha houses a [[Shiva Linga]] of about 1.5 feet in height,<ref name=quest/> which is approached through a highly ornate door entrance guarded by [[Shaiva]] [[Dwarpala]]s.<ref name=quest/> Inside the garbhgriha one can find idols of Goddess [[Parvati]], [[Ganesha]] and [[Hanuman]] among others. The mandapa pillars are adorned with images of [[Bhairava]], [[Vishnu]], Mahishasur mardini<ref name=quest/> (a form of Devi [[Durga]] who killed the demon [[Mahishasura]]), Shiva, musicians, dancers and [[Kirtimukha]] designs.<ref name = welcome/> The exterior of the temple near the entrance is adorned with decorated band of Gaja, Asva and Nara. The temple wall portion has two decorated segments adorned with images of Tripurantaka Siva, Gajantaka Siva, [[Narasimha]], [[Radha Krishna]], [[Ganesh]], [[Varaha]], [[Lakshmi]] along with other depictions of Gods and Goddesses. One can find pictorial representation of hunting, hunters and bull fighting on the walls of temple.<ref name=rojgar/>

A [[Nandi (bull)|nandi]] is placed in front of the temple, as if it is guarding it.<ref name=welcome/><ref name=quest/>
The temple courtyard has a store house like shed where one can see antique idols and statues that have been found during excavation, which may have belonged to the temple.<ref name=quest>{{Cite web|url=http://questchhattisgarh.blogspot.com/2016/03/mahadev-temple-dev-baloda.html|title=Mahadev Temple Dev Baloda|website=questchhattisgarh.blogspot.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Legend==

It is believed that the sculptor who was building the temple was so engrossed in his work that he didn't care about his clothes. He became naked while continuing to work day and night to complete the temple.
His wife used to bring food for him, but one day his sister came. Seeing this they both got ashamed and to hide himself he jumped in the Kund (holy pond inside the temple complex) near to the temple from the rooftop. Seeing this his sister also jumped in the nearby pond. Both pond and kund exist till date. The pond is called Kasara Talab<ref name=patrika/><ref name=rojgar/> because the sister was believed to be carrying a [[kalasha]] for water.
A kalash-type stone is still present there.<ref name = patrika>{{Cite web|url=https://www.patrika.com/bhilai-news/dev-baloda-shiv-temple-1-2360093/|title=dev-baloda-shiv-temple|language=hindi|website=www.patrika.com}}</ref>

The locals believe there is a secret tunnel inside the Kund that leads to a temple in Arang. The sculptor who jumped, found the tunnel and reached Aaang where he became a stone. At that place Bhanadeva temple is built.<ref name = gondwana>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gondwanaexpress.com/6-masi-shiva-temple-was-built-in-6-moths-in-devbaloda-charoda-durg/|title=#temple 6 महीने में बना था देवबलोदा चरोदा का 6-मासी शिव मंदिर|language=hindi|website=www.gondwanaexpress.com|date=2018-10-03|publisher=Gondwana Express|access-date=2019-09-17|archive-date=2022-01-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118224157/https://www.gondwanaexpress.com/6-masi-shiva-temple-was-built-in-6-moths-in-devbaloda-charoda-durg/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The Kund has 23 steps and 2 wells beside it. In one, the flow of water never stops.<ref name=gyan>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chhattisgarhgyan.in/2018/07/devbalod-shiv-temple.html|title=देवबलोदा शिव मंदिर - Deobalod Shiv Temple|website=www.chhattisgarhgyan.in|language=hindi}}</ref>

==Location==

The Mahadev Temple is built in the small town of Deobaloda in Bhilai Charoda.<ref name=rojgar>{{Cite web|url=https://chhattisgarhrojgar.com/tourism/6-masi-shiva-temple-was-built-in-6-moths-in-devbaloda-charoda-durg/|title=#temple 6 महीने में बना था देवबलोदा चरोदा का 6-मासी शिव मंदिर|website=chhattisgarhrojgar.com|date=2018-10-03|publisher=CGRojgar Desk|access-date=2019-09-17|archive-date=2020-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806183926/https://chhattisgarhrojgar.com/tourism/6-masi-shiva-temple-was-built-in-6-moths-in-devbaloda-charoda-durg/|url-status=dead}}</ref> It is well connected by train and road.<ref name = welcome>{{cite web|url=http://welcome236.com/mahadev-temple-in-devbaloda-is-13th-century-shrine-by-kalchuris/|title=Mahadev Temple in Devbaloda is 13th Century Shrine by Kalchuris|website=welcome236.com|access-date=2019-09-17|archive-date=2022-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019172327/http://welcome236.com/mahadev-temple-in-devbaloda-is-13th-century-shrine-by-kalchuris/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
By road: The temple is well connected by the National Highway by road, located 20 km from the capital [[Raipur]] city and about 15 km from [[Bhilai]] nagar.
By train: Deobloda Charoda Railway station is located just near the temple, which serves as a stop for Local and Passenger trains.
By airport: The nearest airport is [[Swami Vivekananda Airport]] Raipur.

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Shiva Temple, Deobaloda 9.jpg|Temple wall with carvings of animals, hunters and stories
File:Kund at Riuned Shiva Temple, Deobaloda.jpg|kund at the temple
File:Shiva Temple, Deobaloda 02.jpg|Entrance to the garbhgriha
File:Shiva Temple, Deobaloda 08.jpg|Entrance to the temple
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[List of Hindu temples in India]]
*[[List of Shiva temples in India]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links ==
{{Commons}}

{{Hindu temples in Chhattisgarh}}

[[Category:Shiva temples in Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:Hindu temples in Durg district]]
[[Category:Shiva temples]]
[[Category:13th-century Hindu temples]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in the 13th century]]

India men's national kho kho team

2026-03-22T14:23:56Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: stub

{{Short description|National Kho Kho team}}
{{About|the men's team|the women's team|India women's national kho kho team}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox national kho kho team
| name = India
| image = Flag of India.svg
| size =
| nickname =
| association = [[Kho Kho Federation of India]]
| confederation = [[International Kho Kho Federation]]
| coach = [[Ashwani Kumar Sharma (coach)|Ashwani Kumar Sharma]]
| captain = [[Pratik Waikar]]
| most caps =
| first game =
| largest win =
| largest defeat =
| World cup apps = 1
| World cup first = 2025
| World cup best = Champions, [[2025 Kho Kho World Cup|2025]]
| Regional name =
| Regional cup apps =
| Regional cup first =
| Regional cup best =
| 2ndRegional name =
| 2ndRegional cup apps =
| 2ndRegional cup first =
| 2ndRegional cup best =
| type =
| medaltemplates =
}}

The '''India men's national kho kho team''' represents [[India]] in men's international [[Kho Kho]]. It is governed by the [[Kho Kho Federation of India]] and is a [[International Kho Kho Federation#Members|member]] of [[International Kho Kho Federation]].

India was the host of the [[2025 Kho Kho World Cup|first Kho Kho World Cup]] and was the inaugural world champion.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kho Kho World Cup: After women, Indian men's team also crowned champion |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/kho-kho-world-cup-after-women-indian-mens-team-also-crowned-champion/article69117372.ece |access-date=30 June 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |agency=[[Press Trust of India]] |date=20 January 2025}}</ref>

== History ==
India men's team defeated [[Nepal men's national kho kho team|Nepal]] men's team in the [[2025 Kho Kho World Cup#Matches|first ever Kho Kho World Cup match in 2025]].<ref>[https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/matches/scores/1 IND vs NEP : 13 Jan Result]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/kho-kho-world-cup-kicks-off-today-nepal-to-face-india-in-opener.html |title=Kho Kho World Cup kicks off today: Nepal to face India in opener |accessdate=13 January 2025}}</ref>

The Indian team were placed in Group A and defeated [[Nepal men's national kho kho team|Nepal]], [[Brazil]], [[Peru]] and [[Bhutan]] in the group stages. In the quarterfinals, India defeated [[Bangladesh men's national kho kho team|Bangladesh]] and beat [[South Africa men's national kho kho team|South Africa]] 62–42 in the semifinals. In the finals, India defeated [[Nepal men's national kho kho team|Nepal]] 54–36 to lift their maiden World Cup.

== Sponsorship ==
The Indian National kho kho teams are sponsored by the Odisha state government for a period of three years from January 2025 to December 2027. Odisha committed Rs 5 crore per year for a total of Rs.15 crore for three years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nayak |first=Subadh |date=19 January 2025 |title=Historic Victory! Indian men's and women's teams become first ever Kho Kho World Cup Champions |url=https://kalingatv.com/sports/historic-victory-indian-mens-and-womens-teams-become-first-ever-kho-kho-world-cup-champions/ |access-date=10 March 2025 |website=KalingaTV.com}}</ref>

== Results and fixtures ==
The following is a list of match results, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

{{legend2|#CCFFCC|Win|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#FFFFCC|Draw|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#FFCCCC|Loss|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#FFFFFF|Fixture|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

=== 2025 ===
{{khokhobox
|date = {{nobr|13 January}}
|time = {{nowrap|20:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]}}
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}
|score = 42–37
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/matches/scores/1 Result]
|team2 = {{kk|NEP}}
|result = India won by 5 points
|stadium= [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]
|potm=Aditya Ganpule (Ind)
}}
{{khokhobox
|date = {{nobr|14 January}}
|time = {{nowrap|20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]}}
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}
|score= 66–34
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/35 Result]
|team2 = {{kk|BRA}}
|result = India got W by 30 points.
|stadium= [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]
}}
{{khokhobox
|date = {{nobr|15 January}}
|time = {{nowrap|20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]}}
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}
|score= 70–38
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/21 Result]
|team2 = {{kk|PER}}
|result = India won by 32 points
|stadium= [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]
|potm=
}}
{{khokhobox
|date = {{nobr|16 January}}
|time = {{nowrap|20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]}}
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}
|score= 71–34
|report = [https://gms.kkwc2025.com/live/results/scores/76 Result]
|team2 = {{kk|BHU}}
|result = India won by 37 points
|stadium= [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]
|potm=
}}

;Quarter-final 1
{{Khokhobox
|date = 17 January 2025
|time = 20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}
|score =100-40
|team2 = {{kk|Sri Lanka}}
|report =
|result =
|stadium= [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]
}}

;Semi-final 1
{{Khokhobox
|date = 18 January 2025
|time = 20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}
|score =62-42
|team2 = {{kk|South Africa}}
|report =
|result =
|stadium= [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]
}}

;Final
{{Khokhobox
|date = 19 January 2025
|time = 20:15 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|team1 = {{kk-rt|IND}}
|score =54-36
|team2 = {{kk|Nepal}}
|report =
|result =
|stadium= [[Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium]], [[New Delhi]]
}}

== Current squad ==
{{Updated|13 January 2025}}
Following is the team that represented India in the [[2025 Kho Kho World Cup|first Kho Kho World Cup]] in January 2025 at Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kho Kho Federation of India (KKFI) - KKFI Official Website |url=https://khokhofederation.in/world-cup-team-matches/?id=2 |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=Kho Kho Federation |language=en-US}}</ref>

'''Chief coach:''' Ashwani Kumar Sharma<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nalwala |first=Ali Asgar |date=12 January 2025 |title=Kho Kho World Cup 2025: Historic edition to unfold in New Delhi - India squads, where to watch live |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/kho-kho-world-cup-2025-india-team-squad-where-watch-live-streaming-telecast |access-date=10 March 2025 |website=Olympics.com}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: left"
!No.
! style="text-align:center;" |Name
!Date of birth
!Position
!State
|-
|1
|[[Pratik Waikar|Pratik Kiran Waikar]]
|27 March 1992
|Wazir
|Maharashtra
|-
|6
|[[Ramji Kashyap|Ramji Harishchandra Kashyap]]
|2 March 2003
|All rounder
|Maharashtra
|-
|3
|[[Sachin Bhargo]]
|15 May 2000
|Wazir
|Madhya Pradesh
|-
|8
|[[Suyash Gargate|Suyash Vishwas Gargate]]
|8 June 1997
|All rounder
|Maharashtra
|-
|12
|[[Sinam Rokeson Singh]]
|
|Attacker
|Manipur
|-
|5
|[[Gowtham M. K.]]
|1997
|Defender
|Karnataka
|-
|53
|[[Nikhil B.]]
|2001
|All rounder
|Kerala
|-
|67
|[[Pabani Sabar]]
|17 October 2024
|All rounder
|Odisha
|-
|19
|[[Aditya Ganpule|Aditya Prashant Ganpule]]
|2004
|All rounder
|
|-
|4
|[[Akash Kumar (kho kho)|Akash Kumar]]
|2002
|Attacker
|Uttar Pradesh
|-
|10
|[[Pothi Reddy Siva Reddy]]
|1996
|All rounder
|Andhra Pradesh
|-
|23
|[[Subramani V.]]
|2002
|All rounder
|Tamil Nadu
|-
|1
|[[Aniket Pote|Aniket Bhagwan Pote]]
|7 November 1996
|All rounder
|Maharashtra
|-
|9
|[[Sumon Barman]]
|29 December 2004
|All rounder
|West Bengal
|-
|55
|[[Mehul Taak]]
|2002
|All rounder
|New Delhi
|}
'''Standby players:''' Akshay Bangare, Rajvardhan Shankar Patil and Vishwanath Janakiram.<ref>{{Cite web |title=KKFI Announces Robust Team India Squad For Kho Kho World Cup 2025 {{!}} Other Sports News |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/othersports/kkfi-announce-robust-team-india-squad-for-kho-kho-world-cup-2025-7438241 |access-date=2025-03-19 |website=NDTVSports.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Competitive record ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width:50%;"
|-
! colspan="10" #0000FF;|[[Kho Kho World Cup]] record
|-
!Year
!Result
!Position
!{{Abbr|Pld|Games played}}
!{{Abbr|W|Won}}
!{{Abbr|D*|Drawn}}
!{{Abbr|L|Lost}}
|-
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[2025 Kho Kho World Cup|2025]]
|style="background:gold;"|'''Champion'''
|{{gold1}}||7||7||0||0
|-
|'''Total'''||'''1/1'''|||'''1 Title'''||'''7'''||'''7'''||'''0'''||'''0'''
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Men's national sports teams of India|Kho kho]]
[[Category:Kho kho teams|India men's national team]]

2009 Indian Premier League

2026-03-21T08:58:36Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: reworked content further

{{short description|Cricket tournament}}
{{Redirect|IPL 2||IPL2 (disambiguation){{!}}IPL2}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox cricket tournament
| name = 2009 Indian Premier League
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| fromdate = {{start date|2009|04|18|df=y}}
| todate = {{end date|2009|05|24|df=y}}
| administrator = [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]]
| cricket format = [[Twenty20]]
| tournament format = [[Round-robin tournament|Double round-robin]] and [[Single-elimination tournament|knockout]]
| host = South Africa
| champions = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| runner up = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| count = 1
| participants = 8
| matches = 59
| attendance =
| player of the series = [[Adam Gilchrist]] ([[Deccan Chargers]])
| most runs = [[Matthew Hayden]] ([[Chennai Super Kings|CSK]]) (572)
| most wickets = [[R. P. Singh]] ([[Deccan Chargers]]) (23)
| website = {{URL|http://www.iplt20.com}}
| previous_year = 2008
| previous_tournament = 2008 Indian Premier League
| next_year = 2010
| next_tournament = 2010 Indian Premier League
}}
The '''2009 Indian Premier League''' season, abbreviated as '''IPL 2''' or the '''2009 IPL''', was the second season of the [[Indian Premier League]], established by the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] (BCCI) in 2007. The tournament was hosted by South Africa and was played between 18<ref name=Fixtures>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricketwa.com/59/series/ipl-2008-schedule-fixtures.aspx|title=Indian Premier League 2008|access-date=5 August 2015|publisher=cricketwa}}</ref> April and 24 May 2009.<ref name="second">{{cite web| url=http://content-www.cricinfo.com/ipl/content/story/345624.html | title=IPL second season set for April 2009 | access-date=2008-06-02 | date=8 April 2008| publisher=ESPNcricinfo| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080609091354/http://content-www.cricinfo.com/ipl/content/story/345624.html| archive-date= 9 June 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> It was the second biggest [[cricket]] tournament in the world, after the [[Cricket World Cup]],<ref>{{cite web |title=South Africa was chosen ahead of England to host Indian Premier League |url=http://www.foxsports.com.au/story/0,8659,25239224-23212,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921080709/http://www.foxsports.com.au/story/0,8659,25239224-23212,00.html |archive-date=21 September 2012 |url-status=live |access-date=2009-06-30}}</ref> and was forecast to have an estimated television audience of more than 200 million people in India alone.<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/2009/SPORT/03/23/cricket.ipl.india.england/index.html England and South Africa race to host IPL]</ref>

As the second season of the IPL coincided with multi-phase [[2009 Indian general election]]s, and in the aftermath of the 3 March [[2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team]] in Lahore, Pakistan, the [[Government of India]] refused to commit security by [[Paramilitary Forces of India|Indian paramilitary forces]]. As a result, the BCCI decided to host the second season of the league outside India.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/ipl-will-be-held-outside-india-bcci/articleshow/4299420.cms IPL will be held outside India: BCCI]</ref> On 24 March 2009, the BCCI officially announced that the second season of the IPL was to be held in South Africa.<ref>{{cite news |title=South Africa to host IPL |url=http://content.cricinfo.com/ipl2009/content/story/396617.html |access-date=26 September 2021 |work=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref> Though India did not host the second season, the format of the tournament remained unchanged from the [[2008 Indian Premier League|2008 season]] format.<ref>{{cite web |title=IPL shifted out of the country |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=HomePage&id=e3d93445-8de1-4c0a-8d79-0fd6bf32cf50&Headline=IPL+shifted+out+of+the+country |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606050857/http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?sectionName=HomePage&id=e3d93445-8de1-4c0a-8d79-0fd6bf32cf50&Headline=IPL+shifted+out+of+the+country |archive-date=6 June 2011 |url-status=dead |access-date=2009-06-30 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> The season also marked the non-participation of Pakistani players, who were eventually excluded from subsequent seasons due to the geopolitical situations caused by the [[2008 Mumbai Attacks|November 2008 terror attacks]] in [[Mumbai]], which was committed by the Pakistan based militant group [[Lashkar-e-Taiba]].<ref>[https://www.sportingnews.com/uk/cricket/news/ipl-2023-why-arent-pakistan-players-indian-premier-league/fhamxhorobjqnxcioy8s5ipb#:~:text=Due%20to%20the%202008%20Mumbai,banned%20from%20joining%20the%20IPL. IPL 2023: Why aren't Pakistan players in the Indian Premier League?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121094650/https://www.sportingnews.com/uk/cricket/news/ipl-2023-why-arent-pakistan-players-indian-premier-league/fhamxhorobjqnxcioy8s5ipb#:~:text=Due%20to%20the%202008%20Mumbai,banned%20from%20joining%20the%20IPL. |date=21 November 2023 }} The Sporting News, 27 May 2023.</ref>

The IPL injected approximately US$100 million into South Africa's local economy.<ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/news/sport/cricket/rain-saves-south-africa-poms-may-be-denied-ipl-due-to-englishweather/2009/03/24/1237656930349.html Rain saves South Africa: Poms may be denied IPL due to English weather]</ref> In addition, the BCCI signed an {{INR}} 82 billion (US$1.63 [[1000000000 (number)|billion]]) contract with Multi Screen Media to broadcast matches live from South Africa to India.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090329080026/http://www.hindu.com/2009/03/26/stories/2009032656401900.htm IPL signs Rs. 8200-cr deal with MSM]</ref>

The IPL was hosted successfully in South Africa and was hailed as an "extraordinary" accomplishment.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090602122809/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gnwfIK0c4dwuyJVLrEwbZfbIwWag IPL hailed as 'extraordinary' achievement]</ref> The tournament was particularly praised for globalizing cricket<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090601050956/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jUMb5Sv6x4CkLeDi80etpRL8gPuQ Extravagant IPL changes world landscape]</ref> and had set record television viewership.<ref>{{cite news|title=Record TV viewership generated for semi-final match of IPL 2 |newspaper=Business Standard India |date=25 May 2009 |url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/record-tv-viewership-generated-for-semi-final-matchipl-2/359084/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602195711/http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/record-tv-viewership-generated-for-semi-final-matchipl-2/359084/ |archive-date=2 June 2009 |url-status=live |access-date=2009-06-30|last1=Sinha |first1=Ashish }}</ref> The tournament was won by [[Deccan Chargers]], who beat the [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]] in the [[2009 Indian Premier League final|final]].<ref>[https://smartcrichd.com/indian-premier-league/ Smartcric IPL]</ref>

==Venues==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin:0 auto"
|-
! [[Durban]]
! [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
! [[Johannesburg]]
! [[Cape Town]]
|-
| [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]] Capacity: 25,000 Matches: 16
| [[SuperSport Park]] Capacity: 20,000 Matches: 12 (Including Semifinal)
| [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]] Capacity: 34,000 Matches: 8 (Including Semifinal & Final)
| [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Newlands]] Capacity: 25,000 Matches: 8
|-
| [[File:Kingsmead.jpg|150px]]
| [[File:SS park.jpg|150px]]
| [[File:Wandrersflag.jpg|140px]]
| [[File:Newlandsoverview.jpg|150px]]
|-
|colspan="4" | {{location map+ |South Africa |float=center |width=375 |caption= |places=
{{location map~ |South Africa |lat=-26.23 |long=27.98 |label=[[Johannesburg]]|position=left}}
{{location map~ |South Africa |lat=-29.82 |long=31.03 |label= [[Durban]] |position=bottom}}
{{location map~ |South Africa |lat=-25.86 |long=28.18 |label= [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]] |position=top}}
{{location map~ |South Africa |lat=-33.93 |long=25.59 |label= [[Port Elizabeth|Port Elizabeth]] |position=right}}
{{location map~ |South Africa |lat=-33.92 |long=18.42 |label=[[Cape Town]] |position=top}}
{{location map~ |South Africa |lat=-32.98 |long=27.86 |label=[[East London, Eastern Cape|East London]] |position=right}}
{{location map~ |South Africa |lat=-28.74 |long=24.77 |label=[[Kimberley, Northern Cape|Kimberley]] |position=top}}
{{location map~ |South Africa |lat=-29.10 |long=26.21 |label=[[Bloemfontein]] |position=right}}
}}
|-
! [[Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape|Port Elizabeth]]
! [[East London, South Africa|East London]]
! [[Kimberley, Northern Cape|Kimberley]]
! [[Bloemfontein]]
|-
| [[St George's Oval|St George's Park]] Capacity: 19,000 Matches: 7
| [[Buffalo Park]] Capacity: 15,000 Matches: 3
| [[De Beers Diamond Oval|De Beers Oval]] Capacity: 11,000 Matches: 3
| [[Mangaung Oval|OUTsurance Oval]] Capacity: 20,000 Matches: 2
|-
| [[File:Sahara Oval St George's, uploaded 2005.jpg|150px]]
|
|
|
|}

==Rules and regulations==
Some of the rules were changed for the 2009 edition of the IPL. The number of international players allowed in any one squad was increased from 8 to 10 although the number allowed in any playing 11 remained at 4.<ref name="IPL rule changtes">{{cite web | url=http://content.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/374805.html | title=IPL auction shifted to 6 February | work=Cricinfo | publisher=ESPNcricinfo | date=21 October 2008 | access-date=2009-03-11| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090316194715/http://content.cricinfo.com/india/content/story/374805.html| archive-date= 16 March 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> The IPL sanctioned franchises to spend a further US$2 million during the [[List of 2009 Indian Premier League personnel changes|auction]] taking the total salary cap for each franchise to US$7 million for the 2009 tournament.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-01-11|title=No lid; salary cap only on paper|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/no-lid-salary-cap-only-on-paper/story-k7YxIw5epxjUdt25jJ2IKO.html|access-date=2021-03-13|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> The [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]] also negotiated with [[England Cricket Board]] (ECB) to allow English cricketers to participate in the tournament. English players were allowed to play for 21 days in between their tour to [[West Indies]] and the subsequent return tour.<ref name="England IPL">{{cite web | url=http://content.cricinfo.com/ipl2009/content/story/387469.html | title=England players agree three-week IPL window | publisher=ESPNcricinfo | date=22 January 2009 | access-date=2009-03-11| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090318055908/http://content.cricinfo.com/ipl2009/content/story/387469.html| archive-date= 18 March 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref>

At the halfway point of each [[innings]], a seven-and-a-half-minute [[television timeout]] was now held.<ref name="guardian-ipltimeout">{{cite news|title=Indian Premier League introduces compulsory time-outs during matches|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2009/apr/16/indian-premier-league-cricket|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=4 April 2013|location=London|first=Lawrence|last=Booth|date=16 April 2009}}</ref> The change proved controversial, as critics and players felt that it broke the flow of the game, and because two-thirds of the break were devoted purely to additional advertising time. The timeout rules were revised for the 2010 season.<ref name="ipl3-timeout">{{cite news|title=IPL 3 to start on March 12 in Hyderabad|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/top-stories/IPL-3-to-start-on-March-12-in-Hyderabad/articleshow/4882127.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130506114657/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-08-11/top-stories/28156697_1_ipl-chairman-lalit-modi-ipl-ii-deccan-chargers|url-status=live|archive-date=6 May 2013|access-date=4 April 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=11 August 2009}}</ref>

The format is the same as [[2008 Indian Premier League|previous season]]. Points in the group stage were awarded as follows:

{| class="wikitable"
|+Points
|-
! colspan="1"|Results
! colspan="1"|Points
|-
|Win||2 points
|-
|No result||1 point
|-
|Loss||0 points
|}

If the match ends with the scores tied and there must be a winner, the tie is broken with a one over per side "Eliminator"<ref name="Cricinfo_Twenty20_Eliminator_27Jun2008">
{{cite web
| url=http://content.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/358299.html
| title=One-over eliminator could replace bowl-out
| work=Cricinfo
| date = 27 June 2008
| access-date = 2008-12-26
| publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}
</ref> or "Super Over":<ref name="ABC_Twenty20_NZvWI_26Dec2008_SuperOver">{{cite web | url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/12/26/2455345.htm| title=Windies edge NZ in Twenty20 thriller| date = 26 December 2008| access-date = 2008-12-26| publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081229064717/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/12/26/2455345.htm| archive-date= 29 December 2008 | url-status= dead}}
</ref><ref name="Cricinfo_Twenty20_NZvWI_26Dec2008_SuperOver">{{cite web| url=http://content.cricinfo.com/nzvwi2008_09/content/current/story/384254.html| title=Benn stars in thrilling tie| date = 26 December 2008| access-date = 26 December 2008| publisher=ESPNcricinfo| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090313092804/http://content.cricinfo.com/nzvwi2008_09/content/current/story/384254.html| archive-date=13 March 2009| url-status= live}}
</ref>
# Higher number of points
# If equal, higher number of wins
# If still equal, [[net run rate]]
# If still equal, lower [[strike rate#Bowling strike rate|bowling strike rate]]
# If still equal, result of head-to-head meeting.

==Teams and standings==
===Points table===
<onlyinclude>{{#invoke:Sports table|main|style=CricketRR
|update=complete
|show_tie=no
|source =[http://content.cricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/series/374163.html?view=pointstable Full table on ESPNcricinfo]
|showteam={{{team}}}

|team1=DD |team2=CSK |team3=RCB |team4=DC |team5=KXIP |team6=RR |team7=MI |team8=KKR
|result1=Q |result2=Q |result3=Q |result4=Q

|win_CSK=8 |loss_CSK=5 |nr_CSK=1 |rs_CSK=2086 |or_CSK=255.3 |rc_CSK=1855 |ob_CSK=257.1
|win_DC=7 |loss_DC=7 |nr_DC=0 |rs_DC=2111 |or_DC=272.4 |rc_DC=2097 |ob_DC=278.1
|win_DD=10 |loss_DD=4 |nr_DD=0 |rs_DD=1978 |or_DD=255.2 |rc_DD=1953 |ob_DD=262.4
|win_KKR=3 |loss_KKR=10 |nr_KKR=1 |rs_KKR=1757 |or_KKR=248.5 |rc_KKR=1867 |ob_KKR=237.5
|win_KXIP=7 |loss_KXIP=7 |nr_KXIP=0 |rs_KXIP=1787 |or_KXIP=251.2 |rc_KXIP=1887 |ob_KXIP=248.3
|win_MI=5 |loss_MI=8 |nr_MI=1 |rs_MI=1897 |or_MI=256.2 |rc_MI=1802 |ob_MI=253.4
|win_RCB=8 |loss_RCB=6 |nr_RCB=0 |rs_RCB=1994 |or_RCB=276 |rc_RCB=2027 |ob_RCB=273.2
|win_RR=6 |loss_RR=7 |nr_RR=1 |rs_RR=1688 |or_RR=253.1 |rc_RR=1810 |ob_RR=257.5

|name_CSK=[[Chennai Super Kings in 2009|Chennai Super Kings]]
|name_DC=[[Deccan Chargers in 2009|Deccan Chargers]] '''(C)'''
|name_DD=[[Delhi Daredevils in 2009|Delhi Daredevils]]
|name_KKR=[[Kolkata Knight Riders in 2009|Kolkata Knight Riders]]
|name_KXIP=[[Kings XI Punjab in 2009|Kings XI Punjab]]
|name_MI=[[Mumbai Indians in 2009|Mumbai Indians]]
|name_RCB=[[Royal Challengers Bangalore in 2009|Royal Challengers Bangalore]] '''(R)'''
|name_RR=[[Rajasthan Royals in 2009|Rajasthan Royals]]

|col_Q=#cfc

}}

:<div style="font-size:95%">'''(C)''' = Eventual champion; '''(R)''' = Runner-up.</div>
:<div style="font-size:95%">Winner, runner-up and best-performing semi-finalist in the group stage qualify for the [[2009 Champions League Twenty20]].</div></onlyinclude>

===Match summary===
{{Indian Premier League results summary|format = knockout|homeaway = no|mode = summary/progression

| CSK | MI | A | 19R |
| RR | RCB | A | 75R |
| DD | KXIP | H | 10W | Y
| DEC | KKR | H | 8W |
| CSK | RCB | H | 92R |
| KXIP | KKR | A | 11R | Y
| MI | RR | N | |
| DEC | RCB | H | 24R |
| CSK | DD | A | 9R |
| KKR | RR | A | SO |
| KXIP | RCB | H | 7W |
| DEC | MI | H | 12R |
| CSK | KKR | N | |
| DD | RCB | H | 6W |
| KXIP | RR | H | 27R |
| CSK | DEC | A | 6W |
| KKR | MI | A | 92R |
| DD | RR | A | 5W |
| KKR | RCB | A | 5W |
| KXIP | MI | H | 3R |
| DEC | DD | A | 6W |
| CSK | RR | H | 38R |
| MI | KKR | H | 9R |
| RCB | KXIP | H | 8R |
| DEC | RR | A | 3W |
| DD | CSK | A | 18R |
| KKR | KXIP | A | 6W |
| MI | RCB | A | 9W |
| DEC | CSK | A | 78R |
| RR | KXIP | H | 78R |
| DD | KKR | H | 9W |
| MI | DEC | A | 19R |
| RCB | RR | A | 7W |
| CSK | KXIP | H | 12R | Y
| DD | MI | H | 7W |
| DEC | KXIP | A | 3W |
| RR | CSK | A | 7W |
| RCB | MI | A | 16R |
| KKR | DD | A | 7W |
| RR | DEC | A | 53R |
| RCB | KKR | H | 6W |
| MI | KXIP | H | 8W |
| DD | DEC | H | 12R |
| RCB | CSK | H | 2W |
| RR | MI | H | 2R |
| KXIP | DD | H | 6W |
| MI | CSK | A | 7W |
| KKR | DEC | A | 6W |
| KXIP | DEC | H | 1R |
| RR | DD | A | 14R |
| KKR | CSK | H | 7W |
| RCB | DD | H | 7W |
| RR | KKR | A | 4W |
| KXIP | CSK | A | 24R |
| MI | DD | A | 4W |
| RCB | DEC | H | 12R |

| SF1W = DEC | SF1L = DD
| SF2W = RCB | SF2L = CSK
| FW = DEC | FL = RCB
}}

==League stage==
:''Times are in [[Indian Standard Time]] ([[UTC+05:30]]). Subtract 3.5 hours for [[South African Standard Time|local time]] in South Africa''<ref>{{cite web |last=Khan |first=Zuhaib |date=17 August 2021 |title=IPL Live Score |url=https://crictimetv.com/ipl-2026/ |website=crictimetv.com}}</ref>
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match1}} 18 April
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score1 = 165/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Sachin Tendulkar]] 59[[Not out|*]] (49)
| wickets1 = [[Manpreet Gony]] 2/32 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score2 = 146/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Matthew Hayden]] 44 (35)
| wickets2 = [[Lasith Malinga]] 3/15 (4 overs)
| result= Mumbai won by 19 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392181.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Newlands]], [[Cape Town]]
| umpires = [[Billy Doctrove]] and [[Krishna Hariharan]]
| motm = [[Sachin Tendulkar]] (Mumbai)
| toss = Chennai Super Kings won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match2}} 18 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:40
| team1 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score1 = 133/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rahul Dravid]] 66 (48)
| wickets2 = [[Anil Kumble]] 5/5 (3.1 overs)
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score2 = 58 (15.1 overs)
| runs2 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 11 (10)
| wickets1 = [[Dimitri Mascarenhas]] 3/20 (4 overs)
| result= Bangalore won by 75 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392182.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Newlands]], [[Cape Town]]
| umpires = [[Billy Doctrove]] and [[Russell Tiffin]]
| motm = [[Rahul Dravid]] (Bangalore)
| toss = Royal Challengers Bangalore won the toss and elected to bat.
}}

----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match3}} 19 April
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score1 = 104/7 (12 overs)
| runs1 = [[Karan Goel]] 38 (21)
| wickets1 = [[Daniel Vettori]] 3/15 (3 overs)
| team2 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score2 = 58/0 (4.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Virender Sehwag]] 38[[Not out|*]] (16)
| wickets2 =
| result= Delhi won by 10 wickets ([[Duckworth–Lewis method|D/L]])
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392183.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Newlands]], [[Cape Town]]
| umpires = [[Mark Benson]] and Shashank Ranade
| motm = [[Daniel Vettori]] (Delhi)
| toss = Delhi Daredevils won the toss and elected to field.
| rain = Rain first reduced the match to 12 overs a side. Subsequent rain reduced Delhi Dardevils' target to 54 in 6 overs according to the [[Duckworth–Lewis method]].
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match4}} 19 April
| daynight = yes | time = 22:20
| team1 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score1 = 101 (19.4 overs)
| runs1 = [[Brad Hodge]] 31 (34)
| wickets1 = [[R.P. Singh]] 4/22 (3.4 overs)
| team2 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score2 = 104/2 (13.1 overs)
| runs2 = [[Herschelle Gibbs]] 43[[Not out|*]] (26)
| wickets2 = [[Ashok Dinda]] 1/24 (3 overs)
| result= Deccan won by 8 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392184.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Newlands]], [[Cape Town]]
| umpires = [[Mark Benson]] and [[Billy Doctrove]]
| motm = [[R. P. Singh]] (Deccan)
| toss = Kolkata Knight Riders won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match5}} 20 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 179/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Matthew Hayden]] 65 (35)
| wickets1 = [[Praveen Kumar (cricketer)|Praveen Kumar]] 2/37 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score2 = 87 (15.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Jacques Kallis]] 24 (19)
| wickets2 = [[Muttiah Muralitharan]] 3/11 (4 overs)
| result= Chennai won by 92 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392185.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[St George's Oval|St George's Park]], [[Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape|Port Elizabeth]]
| umpires = [[Brian Jerling]] and [[Simon Taufel]]
| motm = [[Muttiah Muralitharan]] (Chennai)
| toss = Chennai Super Kings won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match6}} 21 April
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score1 = 158/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Yuvraj Singh]] 38 (28)
| wickets1 = [[Sourav Ganguly]] 2/24 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score2 = 79/1 (9.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Chris Gayle]] 44[[Not out|*]] (26)
| wickets2 = [[Vikramjeet Malik]] 1/32 (2 overs)
| result= Kolkata won by 11 runs ([[Duckworth–Lewis method|D/L]])
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392186.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Daryl Harper]] and Shashank Ranade
| motm = [[Chris Gayle]] (Kolkata)
| toss = Kolkata Knight Riders won the toss and elected to field.
| rain = Rain ended the match after 9.2 overs in Kolkata Knight Riders' innings. Their target was revised to 69 according to the [[Duckworth–Lewis method]].
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match7}} 21 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score1 =
| runs1 =
| wickets1 =
| team2 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score2 =
| runs2 =
| wickets2 =
| result= Match abandoned without a ball bowled
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392187.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Daryl Harper]] and [[Tyron Wijewardene]]
| motm =
| rain = Match abandoned without a ball bowled due to rain.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match8}} 22 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score1 = 184/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Adam Gilchrist]] 71 (45)
| wickets1 = [[Kevin Pietersen]] 2/31 (4 overs)| team2 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score2 = 160/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Virat Kohli]] 50 (32)
| wickets2 = [[Scott Styris]] 3/32 (4 overs)
| result= Deccan won by 24 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392188.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Newlands]], [[Cape Town]]
| umpires = [[Marais Erasmus]] and [[Amiesh Saheba]]
| motm = [[Adam Gilchrist]] (Deccan)
| toss = Deccan Chargers won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match9}} 23 April
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score1 = 189/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[AB de Villiers]] 105[[Not out|*]] (54)
| wickets1 = [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]] 3/19 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score2 = 180/9 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Matthew Hayden]] 57 (27)
| wickets2 = [[Pradeep Sangwan]] 3/28 (4 overs)
| result= Delhi won by 9 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392189.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = Shashank Ranade and [[Simon Taufel]]
| motm = [[AB de Villiers]] (Delhi)
| toss = Delhi Daredevils won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match10}} 23 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:15
| team1 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score1 = 150/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Yusuf Pathan]] 42 (21)
| wickets1 = [[Anureet Singh]] 2/35 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score2 = 150/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Sourav Ganguly]] 46 (30)
| wickets2 = [[Kamran Khan (Indian cricketer)|Kamran Khan]] 3/18 (4 overs)
| result = Match tied (Rajasthan won the [[Super Over]])
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392190.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Newlands]], [[Cape Town]]
| umpires = [[Mark Benson]] and [[Marais Erasmus]]
| motm = [[Yusuf Pathan]] (Rajasthan)
| toss = Kolkata Knight Riders won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = Super Over: Kolkata 14/1 (1 over), Rajasthan 18/0 (0.4 over).
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match11}} 24 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score1 = 168/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Jacques Kallis]] 62 (46)
| wickets1 = [[Yusuf Abdullah]] 4/31 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score2 = 173/3 (19 overs)
| runs2 = [[Ravi Bopara]] 84 (59)
| wickets2 = [[Anil Kumble]] 1/19 (4 overs)
| result= Punjab won by 7 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392191.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Billy Doctrove]] and [[Tyron Wijewardene]]
| motm = [[Ravi Bopara]] (Punjab)
| toss = Royal Challengers Bangalore won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match12}} 25 April
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score1 = 168/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Herschelle Gibbs]] 58 (44)
| wickets1 = [[Lasith Malinga]] 3/19 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score2 = 156/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Jean-Paul Duminy]] 47 (40)
| wickets2 = [[Pragyan Ojha]] 3/21 (4 overs)
| result= Deccan won by 12 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392192.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] and [[Simon Taufel]]
| motm = [[Pragyan Ojha]] (Deccan)
| toss = Deccan Chargers won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match13}} 25 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:15
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 =
| runs1 =
| wickets1 =
| team2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score2 =
| runs2 =
| wickets2 =
| result= Match abandoned without a ball bowled
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392193.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Newlands]], [[Cape Town]]
| umpires = [[Mark Benson]] and [[Amiesh Saheba]]
| motm =
| rain = Match abandoned without a ball bowled due to rain.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match14}} 26 April
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score1 = 149/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Kevin Pietersen]] 37 (40)
| wickets1 = [[Ashish Nehra]] 2/34 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score2 = 153/4 (19.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Tillakaratne Dilshan]] 67 (47)
| wickets2 = [[Pankaj Singh (cricketer)|Pankaj Singh]] 2/31 (4 overs)
| result= Delhi won by 6 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392194.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[St George's Oval|St George's Park]], [[Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape|Port Elizabeth]]
| umpires = [[Sudhir Asnani]] and [[Brian Jerling]]
| motm = [[Tillakaratne Dilshan]] (Delhi)
| toss = Royal Challengers won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match15}} 26 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:15
| team1 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score1 = 139/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Kumar Sangakkara]] 60 (51)
| wickets1 = [[Kamran Khan (Indian cricketer)|Kamran Khan]] 2/15 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score2 = 112/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 37 (44)
| wickets2 = [[Yusuf Abdulla]] 3/21 (4 overs)
| result= Punjab won by 27 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392195.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Newlands Cricket Ground|Newlands]], [[Cape Town]]
| umpires = [[Marais Erasmus]] and [[Krishna Hariharan]]
| motm = [[Kumar Sangakkara]] (Punjab)
| toss = Kings XI Punjab won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match16}} 27 April
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 165/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Matthew Hayden]] 49 (35)
| wickets1 = [[Pragyan Ojha]] 2/11 (2 overs)
| team2 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score2 = 169/4 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Herschelle Gibbs]] 69 (56)
| wickets2 = [[Suresh Raina]] 2/18 (4 overs)
| result= Deccan Chargers won by 6 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392196.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = Shashank Ranade and [[Tyron Wijewardene]]
| motm = [[Herschelle Gibbs]] (Deccan)
| toss = Deccan Chargers won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match17}} 27 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:15
| team1 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score1 = 187/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Sachin Tendulkar]] 68 (45)
| wickets1 = [[Laxmi Ratan Shukla|Laxmi Shukla]] 3/25 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score2 = 95 (15.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Saurav Ganguly]] 34 (30)
| wickets2 = [[Lasith Malinga]] 3/11 (2.2 overs)
| result= Mumbai won by 92 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392197.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[St George's Oval|St George's Park]], [[Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape|Port Elizabeth]]
| umpires = [[Brian Jerling]] and [[Russell Tiffin]]
| motm = [[Sachin Tendulkar]] (Mumbai)
| toss = Mumbai Indians won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match18}} 28 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score1 = 143/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[AB de Villiers]] 50 (40)
| wickets1 = [[Munaf Patel]] 2/14 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score2 = 147/5 (18.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Yusuf Pathan]] 62 (30)
| wickets2 = [[Amit Mishra]] 3/34 (4 overs)
| result= Rajasthan won by 5 wickets
| report = [http://content.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/392198.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Gary Baxter (umpire)|Gary Baxter]] and [[Rudi Koertzen]]
| motm = [[Yusuf Pathan]] (Rajasthan)
| toss = Delhi Daredevils won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match19}} 29 April
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score1 = 139/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Morne van Wyk]] 43[[Not out|*]] (35)
| wickets1 = [[Anil Kumble]] 2/16 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score2 = 143/5 (19.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Shreevats Goswami]] 43 (46)
| wickets2 = [[Brad Hodge]] 3/29 (4 overs)
| result= Bangalore won by 5 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392199.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Mark Benson]] and [[Tyron Wijewardene]]
| motm = [[Mark Boucher]] (Bangalore)
| toss = Kolkata Knight Riders won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match20}} 29 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score1 = 119/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Kumar Sangakkara]] 45[[Not out|*]] (44)
| wickets1 = [[Lasith Malinga]] 2/12 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score2 = 116/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Jean-Paul Duminy]] 59 (63)
| wickets2 = [[Yusuf Abdullah]] 2/19 (4 overs)
| result = Punjab won by 3 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392200.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Mark Benson]] and [[Suresh Shastri]]
| motm = [[Kumar Sangakkara]] (Punjab)
| toss = Kings XI Punjab won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match21}} 30 April
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score1 = 148/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Dwayne Smith]] 48 (28)
| wickets1 = [[Dirk Nannes]] 2/16 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score2 = 150/4 (18.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Tillakaratne Dilshan]] 52[[Not out|*]] (46)
| wickets2 = [[Shoaib Ahmed (Indian cricketer)|Shoaib Ahmed]] 2/20 (4 overs)
| result= Delhi won by 6 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392201.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Gary Baxter (umpire)|Gary Baxter]] and [[Amiesh Saheba]]
| motm = [[Dirk Nannes]] (Delhi)
| toss = Delhi Daredevils won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match22}} 30 April
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 164/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Suresh Raina]] 98 (55)
| wickets1 = [[Yusuf Pathan]] 2/17 (3 overs)
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score2 = 126 (19.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Rob Quiney]] 28 (31)
| wickets2 = [[Lakshmipathy Balaji]] 4/21 (3.3 overs)
| result= Chennai won by 38 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392202.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Gary Baxter (umpire)|Gary Baxter]] and [[Rudi Koertzen]]
| motm = [[Suresh Raina]] (Chennai)
| toss = Rajasthan Royals won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match23}} 1 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score1 = 148/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Jean-Paul Duminy]] 52 (37)
| wickets1 = [[Chris Gayle]] 1/21 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score2 = 139/6 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Brad Hodge]] 73 (60)
| wickets2 = [[Zaheer Khan]] 3/31 (4 overs)
| result= Mumbai won by 9 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392203.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Buffalo Park]], [[East London, South Africa|East London]]
| umpires = [[Marais Erasmus]] and [[Shavir Tarapore]]
| motm = [[Jean-Paul Duminy]] (Mumbai)
| toss = Mumbai Indians won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match24}} 1 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:15
| team1 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score1 = 145/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Roelof van der Merwe]] 35 (19)
| wickets1 = [[Yusuf Abdulla]] 4/36 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score2 = 137/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Yuvraj Singh]] 50 (34)
| wickets2 = [[Roelof van der Merwe]] 2/22 (4 overs)
| result= Bangalore won by 8 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392204.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] and [[S. Ravi (umpire)|S. Ravi]]
| motm = [[Yuvraj Singh]] (Punjab)
| toss = Royal Challengers won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes = [[Yuvraj Singh]] (Kings XI Punjab) took a [[Hat-trick (cricket)|hat-trick]].
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match25}} 2 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score1 = 141/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Tirumalsetti Suman]] 41 (35)
| wickets1 = [[Shane Harwood]] 2/25 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score2 = 142/7 (19.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Lee Carseldine]] 39 (32)
| wickets2 = [[RP Singh]] 2/18 (4 overs)
| result= Rajasthan won by 3 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392205.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[St George's Oval|St George's Park]], [[Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape|Port Elizabeth]]
| umpires = [[Sudhir Asnani]] and [[Brian Jerling]]
| motm = [[Yusuf Pathan]] (Rajasthan)
| toss = Deccan Chargers won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match26}} 2 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:15
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 163 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Subramaniam Badrinath]] 45 (34)
| wickets1 = [[Dirk Nannes]] 3/27 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score2 = 145/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Dinesh Karthik]] 52 (31)
| wickets2 = [[Shadab Jakati]] 4/24 (4 overs)
| result= Chennai won by 18 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392206.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
| umpires = [[Daryl Harper]] and [[Sanjay Hazare]]
| motm = [[Shadab Jakati]] (Chennai)
| toss = Delhi Daredevils won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match27}} 3 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score1 = 153/3 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Brad Hodge]] 70[[Not out|*]] (43)
| wickets1 = [[Piyush Chawla]] 2/27 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score2 = 154/4 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Mahela Jayawardene]] 52[[Not out|*]] (41)
| wickets2 = [[Ishant Sharma]] 2/27 (4 overs)
| result= Punjab won by 6 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392207.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[St George's Oval|St George's Park]], [[Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape|Port Elizabeth]]
| umpires = [[Sudhir Asnani]] and [[Mark Benson]]
| motm = [[Mahela Jayawardene]] (Punjab)
| toss = Kolkata Knight Riders won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match28}} 3 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:15
| team1 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score1 = 149/4 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Sanath Jayasuriya]] 52 (43)
| wickets1 = [[Dillon du Preez]] 3/32 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score2 = 150/1 (18.1 overs)
| runs2 = [[Jacques Kallis]] 69[[Not out|*]] (59)
| wickets2 = [[Zaheer Khan]] 1/12 (2 overs)
| result= Bangalore won by 9 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392208.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
| umpires = [[Rudi Koertzen]] and [[Tyron Wijewardene]]
| motm = [[Jacques Kallis]] (Bangalore)
| toss = Mumbai Indians won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match29}} 4 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 178/3 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[M.S. Dhoni]] 58[[Not out|*]] (37)
| wickets1 = [[Shoaib Ahmed (Indian cricketer)|Shoaib Ahmed]] 1/14 (2 overs)
| team2 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score2 = 100 (14.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Dwayne Smith]] 49 (23)
| wickets2 = [[Shadab Jakati]] 4/22 (4 overs)
| result= Chennai won by 78 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392209.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Buffalo Park]], [[East London, South Africa|East London]]
| umpires = [[Marais Erasmus]] and [[Billy Doctrove]]
| motm = [[M.S. Dhoni]] (Chennai)
| toss = Chennai Super Kings won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match30}} 5 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score1 = 211/4 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Graeme Smith]] 77 (44)
| wickets1 = [[Piyush Chawla]] 2/30 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score2 = 133/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Yuvraj Singh]] 48 (37)
| wickets2 = [[Amit Singh (cricketer)|Amit Singh]] 3/9 (4 overs)
| result= Rajasthan won by 78 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392210.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Sanjay Hazare]] and [[Ian Howell]]
| motm = [[Graeme Smith]] (Rajasthan)
| toss = Kings XI Punjab won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match31}} 5 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score1 = 154/3 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Morne van Wyk]] 74 (48)
| wickets1 = [[Pradeep Sangwan]] 2/29 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score2 = 157/1 (19 overs)
| runs2 = [[Gautam Gambhir]] 71 (57)
| wickets2 = [[Ajit Agarkar]] 1/24 (3 overs)
| result= Delhi won by 9 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392211.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Gary Baxter (umpire)|Gary Baxter]] and [[Ian Howell]]
| motm = [[Gautam Gambhir]] (Delhi)
| toss = Kolkata Knight Riders won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match32}} 6 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score1 = 145/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 38 (36)
| wickets1 = [[Dhawal Kulkarni]] 1/21 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score2 = 126/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Jean-Paul Duminy]] 52 (48)
| wickets2 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 4/6 (2 overs)
| result= Deccan won by 19 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392212.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Mark Benson]] and [[Kumar Dharmasena]]
| motm = [[Rohit Sharma]] (Deccan)
| toss = Deccan Chargers won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes = [[Rohit Sharma]] (Deccan Chargers) took a [[Hat-trick (cricket)|hat-trick]].
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match33}} 7 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score1 = 105/10 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Robin Uthappa]] 17 (20)
| wickets1 = [[Amit Singh (cricketer)|Amit Singh]] 4/19 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score2 = 107/3 (15 overs)
| runs2 = [[Naman Ojha]] 52[[Not out|*]] (38)
| wickets2 = [[Jacques Kallis]] 1/20 (4 overs)
| result= Rajasthan won by 7 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392213.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Krishna Hariharan]] and [[Daryl Harper]]
| motm = [[Amit Singh (cricketer)|Amit Singh]] (Rajasthan)
| toss = Rajasthan Royals won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match34}} 7 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 185/3 (18 overs)
| runs1 = [[Matthew Hayden]] 89 (58)
| wickets1 = [[Piyush Chawla]] 1/28 (3 overs)
| team2 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score2 = 174/3 (18 overs)
| runs2 = [[Yuvraj Singh]] 58[[Not out|*]] (36)
| wickets2 = [[Shadab Jakati]] 1/20 (2 overs)
| result= Chennai won by 12 runs ([[Duckworth–Lewis method|D/L]])
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392214.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Daryl Harper]] and [[Tyron Wijewardene]]
| motm = [[Matthew Hayden]] (Chennai)
| toss = Chennai Super Kings won the toss and elected to bat.
| rain = Rain during the 1st innings reduced the game to 18 overs a side and revised the Kings XI Punjab's target to 187 according to the [[Duckworth–Lewis method]].
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match35}} 8 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score1 = 116 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Dwayne Bravo]] 35 (30)
| wickets1 = [[Rajat Bhatia]] 3/15 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score2 = 118/3 (18.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[AB de Villiers]] 50[[Not out|*]] (38)
| wickets2 = [[JP Duminy]] 1/15 (4 overs)
| result= Delhi won by 7 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392215.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Buffalo Park]], [[East London, South Africa|East London]]
| umpires = [[Marais Erasmus]] and [[Shavir Tarapore]]
| motm = [[Ashish Nehra]] (Delhi)
| toss = Mumbai Indians won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match36}} 9 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score1 = 168/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Andrew Symonds]] 60[[Not out|*]] (36)
| wickets1 = [[Brett Lee]] 1/24 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score2 = 169/7 (19.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Mahela Jayawardene]] 43 (28)
| wickets2 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 2/12 (2 overs)
| result= Punjab won by 3 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392216.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[De Beers Diamond Oval]], [[Kimberley, Northern Cape|Kimberley]]
| umpires = [[Gary Baxter (umpire)|Gary Baxter]] and [[Amiesh Saheba]]
| motm = [[Mahela Jayawardene]] (Punjab)
| toss = Kings XI Punjab won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match37}} 9 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 141/3 (18.2 overs)
| runs1 = [[Subramaniam Badrinath]] 59[[Not out|*]] (41)
| wickets1 = [[Siddharth Trivedi]] 1/23 (3 overs)
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score2 = 140/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Graeme Smith]] 30 (33)
| wickets2 = [[Muttiah Muralitharan]] 2/22 (4 overs)
| result= Chennai won by 7 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392217.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[De Beers Diamond Oval]], [[Kimberley, Northern Cape|Kimberley]]
| umpires = [[Gary Baxter (umpire)|Gary Baxter]] and [[Kumar Dharmasena]]
| motm = [[Subramaniam Badrinath]] (Chennai)
| toss = Rajasthan Royals won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match38}} 10 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score1 = 157/2 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Ajinkya Rahane]] 62[[Not out|*]] (49)
| wickets1 = [[Roelof van der Merwe]] 1/17 (3 overs)
| team2 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score2 = 141/7 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Mark Boucher]] 48[[Not out|*]] (33)
| wickets2 = [[Harbhajan Singh]] 2/15 (4 overs)
| result= Mumbai won by 16 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392218.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[St George's Oval|St George's Park]], [[Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape|Port Elizabeth]]
| umpires = [[Billy Doctrove]] and [[Brian Jerling]]
| motm = [[Jean-Paul Duminy]] (Mumbai)
| toss = Mumbai Indians won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match39}} 10 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:15
| team1 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score1 = 123/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Saurav Ganguly]] 44 (45)
| wickets1 = [[Amit Mishra]] 3/14 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score2 = 125/3 (17.1 overs)
| runs2 = [[AB de Villiers]] 40 (32)
| wickets2 = [[Ishant Sharma]] 2/23 (4 overs)
| result= Delhi won by 7 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392219.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
| umpires = [[Suresh Shastri]] and [[Russell Tiffin]]
| motm = [[Amit Mishra]] (Delhi)
| toss = Delhi Daredevils won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = Kolkata Knight Riders were eliminated as a result of this match.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match40}} 11 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score1 = 166/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Dwayne Smith]] 47 (32)
| wickets1 = [[Yusuf Pathan]] 3/34 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score2 = 113 (19.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Swapnil Asnodkar]] 44 (39)
| wickets2 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 3/12 (3 overs)
| result= Deccan won by 53 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392220.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[De Beers Diamond Oval]], [[Kimberley, Northern Cape|Kimberley]]
| umpires = [[Gary Baxter (umpire)|Gary Baxter]] and [[Kumar Dharmasena]]
| motm = [[Dwayne Smith]] (Deccan)
| toss = Deccan Chargers won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match41}} 12 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score1 = 176/4 (19.2 overs)
| runs1 = [[Ross Taylor]] 81[[Not out|*]] (33)
| wickets1 = [[Murali Kartik]] 2/28 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score2 = 173/4 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Brendon McCullum]] 84[[Not out|*]] (64)
| wickets2 = [[Vinay Kumar]] 2/33 (4 overs)
| result= Bangalore won by 6 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392221.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Marais Erasmus]] and [[Sanjay Hazare]]
| motm = [[Ross Taylor]] (Bangalore)
| toss = Royal Challengers won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match42}} 12 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score1 = 119/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Sunny Sohal]] 43 (23)
| wickets1 = [[JP Duminy]] 2/15 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score2 = 122/2 (16.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Dwayne Bravo]] 70[[Not out|*]] (59)
| wickets2 = [[Brett Lee]] 1/25 (4 overs)
| result= Mumbai won by 8 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392222.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Sanjay Hazare]] and [[Rudi Koertzen]]
| motm = [[Harbhajan Singh]] (Mumbai)
| toss = Kings IX Punjab won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match43}} 13 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score1 = 173/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Dinesh Karthik]] 44[[Not out|*]] (23)
| wickets1 = [[Pragyan Ojha]] 2/26 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score2 = 161 (19.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Adam Gilchrist]] 64 (33)
| wickets2 = [[Rajat Bhatia]] 4/15 (2.4 overs)
| result= Delhi won by 12 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392223.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Daryl Harper]] and [[Suresh Shastri]]
| motm = [[Rajat Bhatia]] (Delhi)
| toss = Deccan Chargers won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = Delhi Daredevils qualified for playoffs as a result of this match.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match44}} 14 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 129 (19.4 overs)
| runs1 = [[Matthew Hayden]] 60 (38)
| wickets1 = [[Anil Kumble]] 2/12 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score2 = 132/8 (19.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Ross Taylor]] 46 (50)
| wickets2 = [[Jacob Oram]] 2/12 (1.4 overs)
| result= Bangalore won by 2 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392224.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Billy Doctrove]] and [[Daryl Harper]]
| motm = [[Ross Taylor]] (Bangalore)
| toss = Chennai Super Kings won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match45}} 14 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score1 = 145/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Rob Quiney]] 51 (40)
| wickets1 = [[Sanath Jayasuriya]] 2/3 (1 over)
| team2 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score2 = 143 (19.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Sachin Tendulkar]] 40 (30)
| wickets2 = [[Shane Warne]] 3/24 (4 overs)
| result= Rajasthan won by 2 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392225.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Billy Doctrove]] and [[Daryl Harper]]
| motm = [[Shane Warne]] (Rajasthan)
| toss = Rajasthan Royals won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match46}} 15 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score1 = 120/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Dinesh Karthik]] 32 (29)
| wickets1 = [[Brett Lee]] 3/15 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score2 = 123/4 (19.1 overs)
| runs2 = [[Kumar Sangakkara]] 47 (43)
| wickets2 = [[Farveez Maharoof]] 2/29 (4 overs)
| result= Punjab won by 6 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392226.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Chevrolet Park|OUTsurance Oval]], [[Bloemfontein]]
| umpires = [[Kumar Dharmasena]] and [[Ian Howell]]
| motm = [[Brett Lee]] (Punjab)
| toss = Kings XI Punjab won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match47}} 16 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score1 = 147/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[JP Duminy]] 62 (40)
| wickets1 = [[Suresh Raina]] 1/22 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score2 = 151/3 (19.1 overs)
| runs2 = [[Matthew Hayden]] 60 (57)
| wickets2 = [[Lasith Malinga]] 1/19 (4 overs)
| result= Chennai won by 7 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392227.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[St George's Oval|St George's Park]], [[Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape|Port Elizabeth]]
| umpires = [[Shavir Tarapore]] and [[Simon Taufel]]
| motm = [[Matthew Hayden]] (Chennai)
| toss = Mumbai Indians won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes = Mumbai Indians were eliminated as a result of this match.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match48}} 16 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:15
| team1 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score1 = 160/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Brad Hodge]] 48 (41)
| wickets1 = [[Ryan Harris (cricketer)|Ryan Harris]] 2/20 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score2 = 166/4 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Adam Gilchrist]] 43 (31)
| wickets2 = [[Murali Karthik]] 1/12 (4 overs)
| result= Deccan won by 6 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392228.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
| umpires = [[S. Ravi (umpire)|S. Ravi]] and [[Rudi Koertzen]]
| motm = [[Rohit Sharma]] (Deccan)
| toss = Deccan Chargers won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = Deccan Chargers became the first IPL team to hit a six off the final ball of a match to win.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-12|title=Six to win off the last ball in the IPL|url=https://t20-head-to-head.com/six-to-win-last-ball-ipl-match/|access-date=2021-03-13|website=T20 Head to Head|language=en-GB}}</ref>
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match49}} 17 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score1 = 134/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Kumar Sangakkara]] 56 (43)
| wickets1 = [[RP Singh]] 3/26 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score2 = 133/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Rohit Sharma]] 42 (26)
| wickets2 = [[Yuvraj Singh]] 3/13 (4 overs)
| result= Punjab won by 1 run
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392229.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
| umpires = [[S. Ravi (umpire)|S. Ravi]] and [[Russell Tiffin]]
| motm = [[Yuvraj Singh]] (Punjab)
| toss = Deccan Chargers won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = [[Yuvraj Singh]] (Kings XI Punjab) took his second [[Hat-trick (cricket)|hat-trick]].
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match50}} 17 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:15
| team1 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score1 = 150/3 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[AB de Villiers]] 79 (55)
| wickets1 = [[Munaf Patel]] 2/39 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score2 = 136/9 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Johan Botha (cricketer)|Johan Botha]] 37 (31)
| wickets2 = [[Amit Mishra]] 3/33 (4 overs)
| result= Delhi won by 14 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392230.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Chevrolet Park|OUTsurance Oval]], [[Bloemfontein]]
| umpires = [[Sanjay Hazare]] and [[Ian Howell]]
| motm = [[AB de Villiers]] (Delhi)
| toss = Delhi Daredevils won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match51}} 18 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 188/3 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Suresh Raina]] 52 (37)
| wickets1 = [[Ashok Dinda]] 1/29 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score2 = 189/3 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Brendon McCullum]] 81 (48)
| wickets2 = [[Muttiah Muralitharan]] 1/16 (4 overs)
| result= Kolkata won by 7 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392231.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Simon Taufel]] and [[Russell Tiffin]]
| motm = [[Brad Hodge]] (Kolkata)
| toss = Chennai Super Kings won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match52}} 19 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score1 = 134/7 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Dinesh Karthik]] 31 (29)
| wickets1 = [[Praveen Kumar (cricketer)|Praveen Kumar]] 3/30 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score2 = 135/3 (19 overs)
| runs2 = [[Jacques Kallis]] 58[[Not out|*]] (56)
| wickets2 = [[Yogesh Nagar]] 2/20 (2 overs)
| result= Bangalore won by 7 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392232.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
| umpires = [[Sudhir Asnani]] and [[Russell Tiffin]]
| motm = [[Jacques Kallis]] (Bangalore)
| toss = Delhi Daredevils won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match53}} 20 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Rajasthan Royals]]
| score1 = 101/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Naman Ojha]] 22 (12)
| wickets1 = [[Charl Langeveldt]] 3/15 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| score2 = 102/6 (19.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Laxmi Shukla]] 48[[Not out|*]] (46)
| wickets2 = [[Munaf Patel]] 2/14 (4 overs)
| result= Kolkata won by 4 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392233.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Simon Taufel]] and [[Brian Jerling]]
| motm = [[Laxmi Shukla]] (Kolkata)
| toss = Kolkata Knight Riders won the toss and elected to field.
| notes = Chennai Super Kings qualified for the playoffs, and Rajasthan Royals were eliminated as a result of this match.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match54}} 20 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 116/9 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Parthiv Patel]] 32 (23)
| wickets1 = [[Sreesanth]] 2/23 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Kings XI Punjab]]
| score2 = 92/8 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Luke Pomersbach]] 26 (32)
| wickets2 = [[Muttiah Muralitharan]] 2/8 (4 overs)
| result= Chennai won by 24 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392234.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[Kingsmead Cricket Ground|Kingsmead]], [[Durban]]
| umpires = [[Simon Taufel]] and [[Brian Jerling]]
| motm = [[Muttiah Muralitharan]] (Chennai)
| toss = Chennai Super Kings won the toss and elected to bat.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match55}} 21 May
| time = 16:00
| team1 = [[Mumbai Indians]]
| score1 = 165/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Ajinkya Rahane]] 56 (41)
| wickets1 = [[Dirk Nannes]] 3/27 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score2 = 166/6 (17.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Virender Sehwag]] 50 (27)
| wickets2 = [[Harbhajan Singh]] 4/16 (4 overs)
| result= Delhi won by 4 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392235.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Ian Howell]] and [[S. Ravi (umpire)|S. Ravi]]
| motm = [[Virender Sehwag]] (Delhi)
| toss = Delhi Daredevils won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match56}} 21 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score1 = 170/4 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Manish Pandey]] 114[[Not out|*]] (73)
| wickets1 = [[Pragyan Ojha]] 2/32 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score2 = 158/6 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Herschelle Gibbs]] 60 (43)
| wickets2 = [[Balachandra Akhil]] 2/18 (4 overs)
| result= Bangalore won by 12 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392236.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Ian Howell]] and [[S. Ravi (umpire)|S. Ravi]]
| motm = [[Manish Pandey]] (Bangalore)
| toss = Royal Challengers Bangalore won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes = [[Manish Pandey]] became the first Indian player to score a century in the [[Indian Premier League|IPL]].
* Deccan Chargers and Royal Challengers Bangalore qualified for playoffs, and Kings XI Punjab were eliminated as a result of this match.
}}

==Playoffs==
{{4TeamBracket-info
| team-width = 200
| score-width= 120

| RD1 = '''Semi-finals'''
| RD1-text1 = 22 May — [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| RD1-seed1 = 1
| RD1-team1 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| RD1-score1 = 153/8 (20 overs)
| RD1-seed2 = '''4'''
| RD1-team2 = '''[[Deccan Chargers]]'''
| RD1-score2 = '''154/4 (17.4 overs)'''
| RD1-text2 = 23 May — [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
| RD1-seed3 = 2
| RD1-team3 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| RD1-score3 = 146/5 (20 overs)
| RD1-seed4 = '''3'''
| RD1-team4 = '''[[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]'''
| RD1-score4 = '''149/4 (18.5 overs)'''

| RD2 = '''Final'''
| RD2-text1 = 24 May — [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
| RD2-seed1 = '''SF1W'''
| RD2-team1 = '''[[Deccan Chargers]]'''
| RD2-score1 = '''143/6 (20 overs)'''
| RD2-seed2 = SF2W
| RD2-team2 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| RD2-score2 = 137/9 (20 overs)
}}

=== Semi-final 1 ===
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match57}} 22 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| score1 = 153/8 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Tillakaratne Dilshan]] 65 (51)
| wickets1 = [[Ryan Harris (cricketer)|Ryan Harris]] 3/27 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score2 = 154/4 (17.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Adam Gilchrist]] 85 (35)
| wickets2 = [[Amit Mishra]] 3/19 (4 overs)
| result= Deccan won by 6 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392237.html scorecard]
| venue = [[SuperSport Park]], [[Centurion, Gauteng|Centurion]]
| umpires = [[Billy Doctrove]] and [[Daryl Harper]]
| motm = [[Adam Gilchrist]] (Deccan)
| toss = Deccan Chargers won the toss and elected to field.
}}
----

=== Semi-final 2 ===
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match58}} 23 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| score1 = 146/5 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Parthiv Patel]] 36 (27)
| wickets1 = [[Vinay Kumar]] 2/38 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score2 = 149/4 (18.5 overs)
| runs2 = [[Manish Pandey]] 48 (35)
| wickets2 = [[Muttiah Muralitharan]] 1/15 (4 overs)
| result= Bangalore won by 6 wickets
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392238.html scorecard]
| venue = [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
| umpires = [[Simon Taufel]] and [[Rudi Koertzen]]
| motm = [[Manish Pandey]] (Bangalore)
| toss = Royal Challengers Bangalore won the toss and elected to field.
}}

=== Final ===
{{main|2009 Indian Premier League final}}
{{Limited overs matches
| date = {{anchor|match59}} 24 May
| daynight = yes | time = 20:00
| team1 = [[Deccan Chargers]]
| score1 = 143/6 (20 overs)
| runs1 = [[Herschelle Gibbs]] 53 (48)
| wickets1 = [[Anil Kumble]] 4/16 (4 overs)
| team2 = [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
| score2 = 137/9 (20 overs)
| runs2 = [[Roelof van der Merwe]] 32 (21)
| wickets2 = [[Pragyan Ojha]] 3/28 (4 overs)
| result= Deccan won by 6 runs
| report = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/match/392239.html scorecard]
| venue = [[Wanderers Stadium|New Wanderers Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
| umpires = [[Rudi Koertzen]] and [[Simon Taufel]]
| motm = [[Anil Kumble]] (Bangalore)
| toss = Royal Challengers Bangalore won the toss and elected to field.
}}

==Statistics and awards==
===Most runs===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! Player !! Team !! {{Tooltip | Inns | Innings}} !! Runs !! {{Tooltip | HS | High score }}
|- style="background-color:sandybrown"
| style="text-align:left" | [[Matthew Hayden]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| 12 || '''572''' || 65
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Adam Gilchrist]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[Deccan Chargers]]
| 16 || '''495''' || 85
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[AB de Villiers]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| 13 || '''465''' || 105[[not out|*]]
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Suresh Raina]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[Chennai Super Kings]]
| 14 || '''436''' || 100
|-
| style="text-align:left" | [[Tillakaratne Dilshan]]
| style="text-align:left" | [[Delhi Daredevils]]
| 13 || '''418''' || 67[[not out|*]]
|}
{{Color box|sandybrown|border=darkgray}} The tournament's leading scorer wore an orange cap when fielding.<ref>{{cite news
|title= Orange Cap to separate best from the rest
|url= http://ipl.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Orange_Cap_to_separate_best_from_the_rest/articleshow/2980277.cms
|newspaper= The Times of India
|date= 24 April 2008
|access-date=2008-05-13| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080521025326/http://ipl.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Orange_Cap_to_separate_best_from_the_rest/articleshow/2980277.cms| archive-date= 21 May 2008 | url-status= dead}}</ref>

:<div style="font-size:75%">[http://stats.cricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=4801;type=tournament Full Table on ESPNcricinfo]</div>

===Most wickets===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Player!! Team !! Matches !! Wickets !! Best bowling
|-align=left style="background:#C894FF;"
| [[R.P. Singh]] || [[Deccan Chargers]] || 16 || '''23''' || 4/22
|-align=left
| [[Anil Kumble]] || [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]] || 16 ||'''21''' || 5/5
|-align=left
| [[Ashish Nehra]] || [[Delhi Daredevils]] || 13 ||'''19''' || 3/27
|-align=left
| [[Lasith Malinga]] || [[Mumbai Indians]] || 13 ||'''18''' || 3/11
|-align=left
| [[Pragyan Ojha]] || [[Deccan Chargers]] || 15 || '''18''' || 3/21
|}
{{Color box|#C894FF|border=darkgray}} The tournament's leading wicket taker wore a purple cap when fielding.<ref>{{cite news |date=12 May 2008 |title=After Orange, IPL now introduces Purple Cap |newspaper=The Times of India |url=http://ipl.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Purple_Cap_introduced_in_IPL_/articleshow/3033819.cms |url-status=dead |access-date=2008-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521025557/http://ipl.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Purple_Cap_introduced_in_IPL_/articleshow/3033819.cms |archive-date=21 May 2008}}</ref>

:<div style="font-size:75%">[http://stats.cricinfo.com/ipl2009/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=4801;type=tournament Full Table on ESPNcricinfo]</div>

=== Awards ===
*Player of the tournament: [[Adam Gilchrist]] - [[Deccan Chargers]]
*Player of the final: [[Anil Kumble]] - [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]]
*Under-23 success of the tournament: [[Rohit Sharma]] (333 runs, 11 wickets) - [[Deccan Chargers]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Rohit wins 'U-23 success of IPL' award. Deccan Chronicle |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/ipl/rohit-wins-%E2%80%98u-23-success-ipl%E2%80%99-award-643 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525120039/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/ipl/rohit-wins-%E2%80%98u-23-success-ipl%E2%80%99-award-643 |archive-date=25 May 2009 |url-status=dead |access-date=2009-06-30}}</ref>
*Kingfisher Fair Play Award: [[Kings XI Punjab]]

==See also==
*[[List of 2009 Indian Premier League personnel changes]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.iplt20.com/ Official website]
* [http://www.espncricinfo.com/ipl2009/content/series/374163.html ESPNcricinfo – Indian Premier League]
* [http://www.premierleaguenews.in/news/ipl-stats/ipl-statistics-2009/ IPL 2009 - Statistics]

{{Indian Premier League}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Indian Premier League, 2009}}
[[Category:2009 Indian Premier League| ]]
[[Category:2008–09 South African cricket season|Indian Premier League, 2009]]
[[Category:2009 in Indian cricket|Premier]]

Shreyas Iyer

2026-03-20T14:05:01Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: General improvements to article content

{{short description|Indian cricketer (born 1994)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}}
{{Infobox cricketer
| name = Shreyas Iyer
| image =Shreyas Iyer snapped at the airport (Cropped).jpg
| caption = Iyer in 2025
| fullname = Shreyas Santosh Iyer
| nickname = Sarpanch Saab<ref>{{cite news |title=Shreyas Iyer reveals hilarious moment behind 'Sarpanch Saab' nickname {{!}} WATCH |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/sports/cricket/shreyas-iyer-reveals-hilarious-moment-behind-sarpanch-saab-nickname-watch-nwgmvy7r |work=[[Mathrubhumi]] |date=3 June 2025 |access-date=26 December 2025}}</ref>
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1994|12|6|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Chembur]], [[Bombay]], Maharashtra, India
| batting = Right-handed
| bowling = Right-arm [[leg break]]
| role = [[Batting order (cricket)#Top order|Top-order batter]]
| international = true
| internationalspan = 2017–present
| country = India
| testdebutdate = 25 November
| testdebutyear = 2021
| testdebutagainst = New Zealand
| testcap = 303
| lasttestdate = 2 February
| lasttestyear = 2024
| lasttestagainst = England

| odidebutdate = 10 December
| odidebutyear = 2017
| odidebutagainst = Sri Lanka
| odicap = 219
| odishirt = 96
| lastodidate = 11 January
| lastodiyear = 2026
| lastodiagainst = New Zealand

| T20Idebutdate = 1 November
| T20Idebutyear = 2017
| T20Idebutagainst = New Zealand
| T20Icap = 70
| T20Ishirt = 96
| lastT20Idate = 3 December
| lastT20Iyear = 2023
| lastT20Iagainst = Australia

| club1 = [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]]
| year1 = 2013–present
| club2 = [[Delhi Capitals]]
| year2 = 2015–2021
| club3 = [[Kolkata Knight Riders]]
| year3 = 2022–2024
| club4 = [[Punjab Kings]]
| year4 = 2025–present

| hidedeliveries = true
| columns = 4
| column1 = [[Test cricket|Test]]
| matches1 = 14
| runs1 = 811
| bat avg1 = 36.86
| 100s/50s1 = 1/5
| top score1 = 105
| deliveries1 = 6
| wickets1 = –
| bowl avg1 = –
| fivefor1 = –
| tenfor1 = –
| best bowling1 = –
| catches/stumpings1 = 15/–
| column2 = [[One Day International|ODI]]
| matches2 = 73
| runs2 = 2,917
| bat avg2 = 47.81
| 100s/50s2 = 5/23
| top score2 = 128[[not out|*]]
| deliveries2 = 37
| wickets2 = 0
| bowl avg2 = –
| fivefor2 = –
| tenfor2 = –
| best bowling2 = –
| catches/stumpings2 = 28/–
| column3 = [[Twenty20 International|T20I]]
| matches3 = 51
| runs3 = 1,104
| bat avg3 = 30.66
| 100s/50s3 = 0/8
| top score3 = 74[[not out|*]]
| deliveries3 = 2
| wickets3 = 0
| bowl avg3 = –
| fivefor3 = –
| tenfor3 = –
| best bowling3 = –
| catches/stumpings3 = 16/–
| column4 = [[First-class cricket|FC]]
| matches4 = 83
| runs4 = 6,408
| bat avg4 = 47.82
| 100s/50s4 = 15/33
| top score4 = 233
| deliveries4 = 619
| wickets4 = 5
| bowl avg4 = 86.80
| fivefor4 = 0
| tenfor4 = 0
| best bowling4 = 2/29
| catches/stumpings4 = 65/–
| source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/player/642519.html ESPNcricinfo
| date = 23 December 2025
|medaltemplates=
{{MedalSport|Men's [[cricket]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[ICC Cricket World Cup]]}}
{{Medal|RU|[[2023 Cricket World Cup|2023 India]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[ICC Champions Trophy]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[2025 ICC Champions Trophy|2025 Pakistan]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[ACC Asia Cup]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[2023 Asia Cup|2023 Pakistan]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Under-19 Men's Asia Cup|ACC U19 Asia Cup]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[2013–14 ACC Under-19 Asia Cup|2013–14 UAE]]}}
}}
'''Shreyas Santosh Iyer''' (born 6 December 1994) is an Indian international [[cricket]]er who represents the [[India national cricket team|India national team]]. A right-handed [[Batting (cricket)|batter]], he primarily plays as a top-order or middle-order batter across formats. Iyer also represents [[Mumbai cricket team|Mumbai]] in domestic cricket and captains the [[Punjab Kings]] in the [[Indian Premier League]] (IPL). He serves as the vice-captain of India's [[One Day International]] (ODI) team.

Iyer made his international debut in 2017 and has been a regular member of India's limited-overs teams. He achieved a notable milestone on his Test debut against [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] in November 2021, scoring a century in the first innings and a half-century in the second, becoming the first Indian player to record both on Test debut.<ref name="ESPN">{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1278674.html |title=1st Test, Kanpur, Nov 25–29 2021, New Zealand tour of India |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=25 November 2021}}</ref><ref name="ndtv">{{Cite news|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/india-vs-new-zealand-2021/shreyas-iyer-becomes-16th-indian-to-score-a-century-on-test-debut-2625354|title=IND vs NZ: Shreyas Iyer 16th Indian To Score Century On Test Debut|work=ndtv.com|date=26 November 2021}}</ref> Earlier in his career, he represented the [[India Under-19 cricket team|India Under-19s]] at the [[2014 Under-19 Cricket World Cup]].<ref>{{cite web|title=ICC Under-19 World Cup / India Under-19s Squad|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc-under-19-world-cup-2014/content/squad/709629.html|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=29 December 2014}}</ref>

In major international tournaments, Iyer was part of the Indian squad that finished runners-up at the [[2023 Cricket World Cup]], during which he scored a century against New Zealand in the semi-final. He was also a member of the teams that won the [[2023 Asia Cup]] and the [[2025 ICC Champions Trophy]]. For his performances, he was named [[ICC Awards#Men's Player of the Month|ICC Men's Player of the Month]] in February 2022 and March 2025.<ref>{{cite news |title=Shreyas Iyer Scripts History, Becomes First Player In World To... |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/shreyas-iyer-scripts-history-becomes-first-player-in-world-to-8170085 |work=NDTV |date=15 April 2025 |access-date=16 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250416070423/https://sports.ndtv.com/cricket/shreyas-iyer-scripts-history-becomes-first-player-in-world-to-8170085 |archive-date=16 April 2025}}</ref><ref name="Shreyas Iyer wins ICC Men's Player of the Month award">{{cite news |title=Shreyas Iyer wins ICC Men's Player of the Month award |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/shreyas-iyer-wins-icc-mens-player-of-the-month-award/articleshow/120305645.cms |work=The Times of India |date=15 April 2025 |access-date=16 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250416070518/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/shreyas-iyer-wins-icc-mens-player-of-the-month-award/articleshow/120305645.cms |archive-date=16 April 2025}}</ref>

In the IPL, Iyer began his career with the then [[Delhi Capitals|Delhi Daredevils]] (now [[Delhi Capitals]]) in 2015, winning the Emerging Player of the Year award in his debut season, and played for them till 2021. He later captained the [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] from 2022 to 2024, leading them to the IPL title in 2024. In 2025, he was signed by the Punjab Kings for {{INRConvert|26.75|c|year=2025}}, briefly becoming the most expensive player in IPL auction history before the record was surpassed in the same auction.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Shreyas Iyer wins ICC Men's Player of the Month award {{!}} Cricket News - The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/shreyas-iyer-wins-icc-mens-player-of-the-month-award/articleshow/120305645.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250416070518/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/shreyas-iyer-wins-icc-mens-player-of-the-month-award/articleshow/120305645.cms |archive-date=16 April 2025 |access-date=22 December 2025 |work=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Iyer was born on 6 December 1994 in [[Chembur]], [[Mumbai|Bombay]]. His father, Santosh Iyer, is a [[Tamils|Tamil]], and his mother, Rohini, is a [[Tulu people|Tuluva]]. His ancestors are from [[Thrissur]], [[Kerala]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Shreyas Iyer: The monk who cruises in his Ferrari |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/shreyas-iyer-ranji-trophy-mumbai-record-runs-stats/ |access-date=1 April 2019 |work=The Indian Express |date=29 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Change in track that bore fruit |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/531492/change-track-bore-fruit.html |access-date=1 April 2019 |work=Deccan Herald |date=28 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Will play for India soon: Shreyas Iyer |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/will-play-for-india-soon-shreyas-iyer/article7359272.ece |access-date=22 December 2019 |last=Dinakar |first=S. |work=The Hindu |date=27 June 2015}}</ref> He was educated at [[Don Bosco High School, Matunga]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Notable Alumni {{!}} Don Bosco High School |url=https://donboscomatunga.com/alumni/notable-alumni/ |website=donboscomatunga.com|access-date=15 August 2020}}</ref> and at [[Ramniranjan Anandilal Podar College of Commerce and Economics]], Mumbai.

At the age of 18, Iyer was spotted by coach [[Pravin Amre]] at the [[Shivaji Park]] [[Gymkhana]], who trained him in his early cricketing days.<ref>{{cite web|title=Shreyas Iyer: . A promising young sensation making his mark for India Under-19|date=30 September 2013 |url=http://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/shreyas-iyer-a-promising-young-sensation-making-his-mark-for-india-under-19-31537|publisher=Cricket Country|access-date=24 April 2015}}</ref> Iyer's teammates at the age group levels used to compare him to [[Virender Sehwag]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Shreyas Iyer: The Virender Sehwag of India Under-19|date=28 September 2013|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-shreyas-iyer-the-virender-sehwag-of-india-under-19-1895294|publisher=DNA India|access-date=29 December 2014}}</ref> During his graduation from Podar College, Iyer helped his college team win six trophies.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Iyer|first1=Sundari|title=Despite injury, Shreyas claims six in Podar's win|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/despite-injury-shreyas-claims-six-in-podars-win/155910|access-date=13 April 2015|work=Mid Day|date=23 March 2012}}</ref>

==Domestic career==
In 2014, Iyer represented the [[Trent Bridge]] Cricket Team. During a trip to the UK, he played three matches, scoring 297 runs and averaging 99 runs per game. He set a new team record with a highest score of 171.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.criclife.com/features/interviews/shreyas-iyer-wielding-willowy-wizardry-from-mumbai-to-clifton-15278|title=Shreyas Iyer – Wielding willowy wizardry from Mumbai to Clifton|first=Aayush|last=Puthran|work=CricLife |date=22 February 2015|access-date=23 March 2017}}</ref>

Iyer made his [[List A]] debut for Mumbai in November 2014, playing in the [[2014–15 Vijay Hazare Trophy]]. He scored 273 runs in that tournament at an average of 54.60. Iyer made his [[first-class cricket]] debut in December 2014 during the [[2014–15 Ranji Trophy]]. He scored a total of 809 runs at an average of 50.56 in his debut Ranji season, including two centuries and six fifties. He was 7th highest scorer of the 2014–15 Ranji Trophy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ranji-trophy-2014-15/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=9513;type=tournament|title=Cricket Records – Ranji Trophy, 2014/15 – Records – Most runs – ESPNcricinfo|access-date=23 March 2017}}</ref>

In the [[2015–16 Ranji Trophy]], Iyer scored 1,321 runs at an average of 73.39, including four centuries and seven fifties, becoming the top scorer of the Ranji season and the second player to score 1,300 runs in a single Ranji Trophy competition.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ranji-trophy-2015-16/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=10281;type=tournament|title=Cricket Records – Ranji Trophy, 2015/16 – Records – Most runs – ESPNcricinfo|access-date=23 March 2017}}</ref> In the [[2016–17 Ranji Trophy]], Iyer scored 725 runs at an average of 42.64, including two centuries and two fifties. He scored 202 [[not out]] off 210 balls against the visiting Australia team in a 3-Day Practice match in Mumbai, his highest first-class score.

In September 2018, Iyer was named the vice-captain of Mumbai for the [[2018–19 Vijay Hazare Trophy]] tournament.<ref>{{cite web |date=12 September 2018 |title=Rahane to captain Mumbai in Vijay Hazare Trophy |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/rahane-to-captain-mumbai-in-vijay-hazare-trophy-1159312 |access-date=12 September 2018 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> He was the leading run-scorer for Mumbai in the tournament, with 373 runs in seven matches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/averages/batting_bowling_by_team.html?id=12591;team=1654;type=tournament |title=Vijay Hazare Trophy, 2018/19 – Mumbai: Batting and bowling averages |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=20 October 2018}}</ref> In October 2018, Iyer was named the captain of India B's squad for the [[2018–19 Deodhar Trophy]].<ref>{{cite web |date=18 October 2018 |title=Rahane, Ashwin and Karthik to play Deodhar Trophy |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ajinkya-rahane-r-ashwin-and-dinesh-karthik-to-play-deodhar-trophy-1162570 |access-date=19 October 2018 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> He was also the leading run-scorer in that tournament, with 199 runs in three matches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=12711;type=tournament |title=Deodhar Trophy, 2018/19: Most runs |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=27 October 2018}}</ref>

In February 2019, in the opening round of the [[2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy]] tournament, Iyer made the highest score by an Indian batsman in a T20 match, scoring 147 runs.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 February 2019 |title=Iyer's 147 smashes domestic T20 record, Pujara hits maiden T20 ton |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/iyer-s-147-smashes-domestic-t20-record-pujara-hits-maiden-t20-ton-1175639 |access-date=21 February 2019 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

In March 2021, Iyer was signed by [[Lancashire County Cricket Club|Lancashire]] for their 2021 season of the [[Royal London One-Day Cup]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Lancashire sign Shreyas Iyer for Royal London Cup |url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/116729/lancashire-sign-shreyas-iyer-for-royal-london-cup |access-date=22 March 2021 |work=Cricbuzz |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Indian international Shreyas Iyer joins Lancashire Cricket|url=https://cricket.lancashirecricket.co.uk/news/2020-news/indian-international-shreyas-iyer-joins-lancashire-cricket/|access-date=23 March 2021|work=Lancashire Cricket Club}}</ref> but, in July 2021, Iyer opted out of the tournament to recover from an injury.

In February 2024, the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] (BCCI) mandated Iyer to participate in the [[2023-24 Ranji Trophy]]. Iyer did not play in the quarter-final against [[Baroda cricket team|Baroda]] citing back issues. Subsequently, Iyer lost his BCCI central contract. Later, Iyer appeared in the semifinal against [[Tamil Nadu cricket team|Tamil Nadu]] and the final against [[Vidarbha cricket team|Vidharbha]], as Mumbai went on to win the Ranji Trophy.

==Franchise career==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%; float:right; clear:right; text-align:center; margin-right:15px"
|+Indian Premier League Career Statistics
!Season
!Team
!{{abbr|Inns.|Innings}}
!Runs
|-
|| [[2015 Indian Premier League|2015]] ||style="text-align:left;" rowspan=4| [[Delhi Daredevils]] || 14 || 439
|-
|| [[2016 Indian Premier League|2016]] || 6 || 30
|-
|| [[2017 Indian Premier League|2017]] || 12 || 338
|-
|| [[2018 Indian Premier League|2018]] || 14 || 411
|-
|| [[2019 Indian Premier League|2019]] ||style="text-align:left;" rowspan=3| [[Delhi Capitals]] || 16 || 463
|-
|| [[2020 Indian Premier League|2020]] || 17 || 519
|-
|| [[2021 Indian Premier League|2021]] || 8|| 175
|-
|| [[2022 Indian Premier League|2022]] ||style="text-align:left;" rowspan=2| [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] || 14 || 401
|-
||[[2024 Indian Premier League|2024]]
|14
|351
|-
|| [[2025 Indian Premier League|2025]] ||style="text-align:left;" | [[Punjab Kings]] || 17 || 604
|-
| colspan="4"; | Last Updated: 3 June 2025; Source: iplt20.com
|}

In February 2015, Iyer was signed in the [[List of 2015 Indian Premier League personnel changes#Auction|2015 IPL players auction]] by the [[Delhi Daredevils]] for {{INR}}2.6 crore (approximately $430,000). Thus Iyer became the highest-earning uncapped player in the tournament. He scored 439 runs in 14 matches, with a 33.76 average and a strike rate of 128.36, and was named the Emerging Player of [[2015 Indian Premier League|2015 IPL]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A3BfcDfyzpc|title=YouTube|website=[[YouTube]] |access-date=23 March 2017}}</ref>

Delhi Daredevils retained Iyer in the [[List of 2018 Indian Premier League personnel changes|2018 IPL Auction]]. On 25 April 2018, he was announced as the new captain of Delhi Daredevils replacing [[Gautam Gambhir]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/1144342.html?object=642519|title=Iyer replaces Gambhir as Daredevils captain|work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 April 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.delhidaredevils.com/gambhir-steps-down-as-dd-captain-iyer-handed-reigns|title=Gambhir Steps Down as DD Captain, Iyer Handed Reigns|date=25 April 2018|work=Delhi Daredevils|access-date=26 April 2018|language=en|archive-date=26 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426145003/https://www.delhidaredevils.com/gambhir-steps-down-as-dd-captain-iyer-handed-reigns|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=What are Shreyas Iyer's captaincy credentials? |work=ESPNcricinfo |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/what-are-shreyas-iyer-s-captaincy-credentials-1144372 |access-date=27 April 2018}}</ref> On 27 April 2018, he became the youngest captain to lead the Delhi Daredevils team in IPL history at the age of 23 years and 142 days during the match against Kolkata Knight Riders and was also the fourth overall youngest to captain any IPL team.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://sports.ndtv.com/indian-premier-league-2018/ipl-2018-delhi-daredevils-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-live-cricket-score-1843944|title=IPL Highlights, DD vs KKR: Delhi Daredevils beat Kolkata Knight Riders By 55 Runs – NDTV Sports|last=NDTVSports.com|work=NDTVSports.com|access-date=27 April 2018|language=en}}</ref> On his IPL captaincy debut, Shreyas Iyer smashed an unbeaten match-winning knock of 93 off 40 deliveries with 10 sixes, which was his third successive IPL fifty of the season to power DD to a heavy total of 219/5 in the first innings of the match before earning him the man of the match award.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8048/report/1136586|title=New captain Iyer's 93* off 40 blows KKR away|work=ESPNcricinfo|date=27 April 2018 |access-date=27 April 2018}}</ref> Under his captaincy, Delhi Daredevils managed to defeat KKR by 55 runs to secure only their second win of [[2018 Indian Premier League|the tournament]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/101783/ipl-2018-delhi-daredevils-vs-kolkata-knight-riders-match-report-cricket-dd-vs-kkr-shreyas-iyer-prithvi-shaw-andre-russell-trent-boult|title=Newly-crowned Iyer revives DD's campaign with a massive win|work=Cricbuzz|access-date=27 April 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/cricket/ipl-2018-shreyas-iyer-smashes-40-ball-93-to-power-delhi-daredevils-vs-kolkata-knight-riders/story-LuBa7NfeOYxK2HP2nNbBVI.html|title=IPL 2018: Shreyas Iyer smashes 40-ball 93 as Delhi Daredevils beat Kolkata Knight Riders|date=27 April 2018|work=www.hindustantimes.com|access-date=27 April 2018|language=en}}</ref>
Iyer was retained by the [[Delhi Capitals]] in the [[Indian Premier League|IPL]] 2019 season, in which he led the team into the playoffs for the first time after seven years.

In the [[2020 Indian Premier League|2020 season]], he continued as the captain for Delhi Capitals and he also led them to their maiden IPL final against the [[Mumbai Indians]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=MI vs DC As it Happened, IPL 2020 final: Mumbai Indians win IPL 2020|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/article/mumbai-indians-vs-delhi-capitals-ipl-13-final-mi-vs-dc-ipl-2020-final-live-score-and-updates-dubai-uae/680118|access-date=18 February 2021|work=Times Now|date=10 November 2020}}</ref> Iyer scored an unbeaten 65 off 50 balls in a losing effort as [[Mumbai Indians]] won the final.

He missed half of the [[2021 IPL]] season due to an injury in his left shoulder while playing for India in the first match of an ODI series against England in the same year. He returned after six months for [[Delhi Capitals]]. In the [[2022 IPL Auction]], Iyer was bought by the [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] for ₹12.25 crore.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Muthu|first1=Deivarayan|last2=Somani|first2=Saurabh|title=Live blog: The IPL 2022 auction|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/live-blog/live-blog-ipl-2022-auction-1300707|access-date=12 February 2022|work=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}</ref> He was also named as the team's captain.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2022-kkr-shreyas-iyer-named-kolkata-knight-riders-new-captain-1301426 |title=Shreyas Iyer named Kolkata Knight Riders' new captain|work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=16 February 2022}}</ref> Despite having a bad season as captain with the franchise finishing 7th, he scored 401 runs in that year, the most for the franchise that year. In [[2023 Indian Premier League|2023]], he was unavailable for the whole season due to a back injury, with [[Nitish Rana]] serving as the captain for that season.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2023-nitish-rana-to-lead-kkr-in-place-of-injured-shreyas-iyer-1365466 |title=Nitish Rana to captain KKR in place of injured Shreyas Iyer |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=27 March 2023}}</ref>

He returned as the captain of the [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] ahead of the [[2024 Indian Premier League|2024 season]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kkr.in/news/shreyas-iyer-returns-as-captain-of-kkr-nitish-rana-named-vice-captain |title=Shreyas Iyer Returns as Captain of KKR, Nitish Rana Named Vice-Captain |work=Kolkata Knight Riders |date=14 December 2023 |access-date=14 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/cricket/ipl/from-setbacks-to-success-the-shreyas-iyer-story-of-redemption-in-ipl-2024-124052700782_1.html |title=From setbacks to success: The Shreyas Iyer story of redemption in IPL 2024 |work=Business Standard |access-date=27 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ipl-2024-final-kkr-vs-srh-shreyas-iyer-back-issues-bcci-contract-2543891-2024-05-25 |title=Shreyas Iyer says 'no one listened' to his lingering back issues after World Cup |work=India Today |date=25 May 2024 |access-date=25 May 2024}}</ref> He led the team to the top position of the league stage table. In the [[2024 Indian Premier League final|final]], Kolkata Knight Riders beat [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]] by 8 wickets to lift their third IPL title.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iplt20.com/news/4106/tata-ipl-2024-final-kkr-vs-srh-match-report#:~:text=At%20the%20same%20ground%20in,with%20eight%20wickets%20in%20hand. |title=TATA IPL 2024, Final, KKR Vs SRH – Match Report |work=Indian Premier League |access-date=26 May 2024}}</ref> He became the first captain to lead two teams in the IPL finals.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/ipl-2024-shreyas-iyer-reaction-winning-captain-kkr-final-win-2544341-2024-05-27#:~:text=IPL%202024%3A%20Shreyas%20Iyer%20described,to%20lift%20an%20IPL%20trophy. |title=Shreyas Iyer's raw emotions unfurl as KKR win IPL 2024 |work=India Today |date=27 May 2024 |access-date=27 May 2024}}</ref> He also scored 351 runs and strengthened the middle-order along with [[Venkatesh Iyer]]. He was released by KKR ahead of the 2025 IPL auction and signed up by [[Punjab Kings]], being named as their captain in January 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shreyas Iyer appointed Punjab Kings captain for IPL 2025 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/shreyas-iyer-appointed-captain-of-punjab-kings-for-ipl-2025-1468199 |access-date=12 January 2025 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref><ref name="News18_Oct2024"/> However, he faced consecutive defeats as captain in the finals of two different T20 leagues - [[Indian Premier League|IPL]] and T20 Mumbai League.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shreyas Iyer Loses Two Back to Back Finals in June 2025 |url=https://cricopinion.com/cricket-news/shreyas-iyer-has-now-lost-finals-back-to-back-times-as-a-captain |website=CricOpinion |date=13 June 2025 |access-date=14 June 2025}}</ref>

==Captaincy record==
=== Indian Premier League ===
==== Captaincy for Delhi franchise ====
During the [[2018 Indian Premier League|2018 edition]], [[Gautam Gambhir]] stepped down from captaincy due to poor performance of the team in the first half of the tournament and Iyer was made the interim captain for the rest of the tournament. The [[Delhi Daredevils|Daredevils]] won 4 games and lost 4 games simultaneously during Iyer's captaincy, though they finished last at the points table.<ref>{{cite web |last=Monga |first=Siddharth |date=25 April 2018 |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/shreyas-iyer-replaces-gautam-gambhir-as-daredevils-captain-1144342 |title=Shreyas Iyer replaces Gautam Gambhir as DD Captain |website=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |access-date=11 June 2024}}</ref>

The Delhi franchise underwent rebranding and was renamed [[Delhi Capitals]] before the [[List of 2019 Indian Premier League personnel changes|2019 Auction]]. Iyer was announced as the captain of the team due to his previous leadership experience in the [[2018 Delhi Daredevils season|prior year]], with [[Rishabh Pant]] being his deputy.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://scroll.in/field/904517/delhi-daredevils-renamed-as-delhi-capitals-confirm-shreyas-iyer-will-captain-in-ipl-2019 |title=Delhi Capitals confirm Shreyas Iyer lead team in ipl 2019 |work=[[Scroll.in]] |date=4 December 2018 |access-date=11 June 2024}}</ref> Shreyas-led Capitals finished third in the points table and qualified for the IPL playoffs after [[2012 Indian Premier League|2012]] with 9 wins and 5 losses in the league stage. Their campaign finally got ended in Qualifier 2, where they were defeated by [[Chennai Super Kings]].

In the [[2020 Indian Premier League|2020 edition]], Iyer-led Capitals finished 2nd in the points table with 8 wins and 6 losses, behind [[Mumbai Indians]]. They were defeated by Mumbai Indians in Qualifier 1 but bounced back strongly against [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]] in Qualifier 2. This was Delhi's maiden and only (till 2024) Final appearance in IPL history. In [[2020 Indian Premier League final|the final]], they lost to the eventual champions Mumbai Indians by 5 wickets and ended up being the runner-up of the tournament. This was the Capitals' best performance in their Indian Premier League history. Shreyas Iyer is the first and only captain to lead Delhi Capitals to an IPL Final.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iplt20.com/news/228129/dream11-ipl-2020-final-mi-vs-dc-match-report |title=Mumbai Indians beat Delhi Capitals by 5 Wickets |website=[[Indian Premier League]] |date=10 November 2020 |access-date=11 June 2024}}</ref>

==== Captaincy concerns ====
During the [[English cricket team in India in 2020–21|England's tour of India in 2021]], Iyer faced a shoulder injury which forced him to opt out from the [[2021 Indian Premier League|2021 IPL]]. [[Rishabh Pant]] replaced him as the captain of [[Delhi Capitals|Capitals]] for that season. The 2021 edition was halted due to [[COVID-19 in India|second-wave of COVID-19]] which helped Iyer to be available for the second half of the season, but the management decided to continue with Pant as the team's captain as they wanted a player of [[Delhi]]-origin to be the team captain.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ipl-2021-rishabh-pant-to-continue-as-delhi-capitals-captain-1278150 |title= Rishabh pant continues as a captain |website=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |date=16 September 2021 |access-date=11 June 2024}}</ref> Before the 2022 season, Iyer was released by the Delhi management and his name was put into the 2022 Mega-auction.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wionews.com/sports/shreyas-iyer-likely-to-leave-delhi-capitals-in-search-of-a-leadership-role-ahead-of-ipl-2022-report-424964 |title=Shreyas Iyer wanted Captaincy |work=[[WION]] |date=29 October 2021 |access-date=11 June 2024}}</ref>

==== Captaincy for Kolkata Knight Riders ====
The [[Kolkata Knight Riders]] bought Iyer in the [[List of 2022 Indian Premier League personnel changes|2022 Auction]] at the price of {{INRConvert|12.25|c|lk=on}} and was appointed as the captain of the team. The [[2022 Kolkata Knight Riders season|2022 season]] saw the team suffering several ups and downs in the points table and they finished 7th at the end of the league. Iyer missed the [[2023 Indian Premier League|2023 season]] due to a back injury and he was succeeded by [[Nitish Rana]] as the team's captain for that season.

Iyer returned as the captain of the team before the [[2024 Indian Premier League|2024 season]], with [[Nitish Rana]] appointed as his deputy. Kolkata Knight Riders finished at the top of the table with 9 wins, 3 losses and 2 no-results. Under Shreyas' captaincy, the Knight Riders finished at the top of the table for the first time in IPL history. Shreyas became the 3rd captain to take the Knight Riders to an IPL final ([[Gautam Gambhir|Gambhir]] took the team into the final in [[2012 Indian Premier League|2012]], [[2014 Indian Premier League|2014]] and [[Eoin Morgan|Morgan]] in [[2021 Indian Premier League|2021]]) Till 2024, Iyer is the only captain to take two different teams to an IPL final ([[2020 Indian Premier League final|2020]] for [[Delhi Capitals|Capitals]] and [[2024 Indian Premier League final|2024]] for [[Kolkata Knight Riders|Knight Riders]]).

In the [[2024 Indian Premier League final]], Kolkata Knight Riders defeated [[Sunrisers Hyderabad]] by 8 wickets and clinched their third IPL Trophy. Iyer became the second captain of the Knight Riders to lead the team to the ultimate victory. Iyer also became the 5th Indian captain in [[Indian Premier League]] history to win the IPL title. He was released ahead of 2025 IPL auction.<ref name="News18_Oct2024">{{cite news |last1=Basu |first1=Ritayan |date=31 October 2024 |title='Sometimes Mutual Agreements Happen But...': KKR CEO Explains Why Shreyas Iyer Was Released |url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/kolkata-knight-riders-venky-mysore-kkr-retain-shreyas-iyer-9105744.html |work=News18 |access-date=31 October 2024}}</ref>

==== Captaincy for Punjab Kings ====
[[Punjab Kings]] bought Iyer in the [[List of 2025 Indian Premier League personnel changes|2025 Auction]] at the price of {{INRConvert|26.75|c|lk=on}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IPL Auction 2025: Twitter Erupts as Punjab Kings Splurge ₹26.75 Crore on Shreyas Iyer - Live India |url=https://liveindia.tv/sports/cricket/ipl-auction-2025-twitter-erupts-as-punjab-kings-splurge-%E2%82%B926-75-crore-on-shreyas-iyer/ |access-date=6 December 2025 |website=liveindia.tv}}</ref> Iyer was immediately appointed as the captain of the team, and reunited with his former coach from [[Delhi Capitals]], [[Ricky Ponting]]. The major task was to rebuild and revamp the Punjab Kings team, who saw a total overhaul in the auction. Players such as [[Yuzvendra Chahal]], [[Marco Jansen]], [[Arshdeep Singh]] became a critical part of the core of the team.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 March 2025 |title=Punjab Kings in IPL 2025: Team history, strengths, weaknesses and season outlook |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/sports/punjab-kings-in-ipl-2025-team-history-strengths-weaknesses-and-season-outlook/articleshow/119210690.cms |access-date=6 December 2025 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 March 2025 |title=The Punjab Kings Way: Ponting & team ready to take IPL 2025 by storm |url=https://www.punjabkingsipl.in/features/the-punjab-kings-way-ponting |access-date=6 December 2025 |website=Punjab Kings |language=en}}</ref>

The [[2025 IPL Season|2025 season]] proved to be a breakthrough season for the Punjab Kings, who qualified for the play-offs for the first time ever since after the [[2014 IPL|2014 IPL Season]]. They topped the table with 19 points from 13 matches. Finally, they lost the final to the [[Royal Challengers Bengaluru]] by a mere 6 runs. Iyer himself had a standout season, scoring 488 runs at a strike rate of 172.43.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IPL 2025 Season Profile {{!}} Shreyas Iyer |url=https://www.iplt20.com/players/shreyas-iyer/1563}}</ref> Iyer's leadership and selfless approach, including sacrificing personal milestones for the team, became symbolic of the new team culture.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Govindasreenivasan |first=Prakash |title=The winds of change at Punjab Kings |url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/134486/the-winds-of-change-at-punjab-kings-cricbuzzcom}}</ref>

==International career==
In March 2017, Iyer was included in India's [[Test cricket|Test squad]] as a replacement for [[Virat Kohli]] before the fourth Test [[Australian cricket team in India in 2016–17|against Australia]]. He served as a substitute fielder in the fourth test and successfully ran out [[Steve O'Keefe]] for 8.<ref name="cover">{{cite web |date=23 March 2017 |title=Shreyas Iyer called up as cover for Kohli |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/shreyas-iyer-called-up-as-cover-for-virat-kohli-1088197 |access-date=23 March 2017 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

In October 2017, Iyer was named in India's [[Twenty20 International]] (T20I) squad for their series [[New Zealand cricket team in India in 2017–18|against New Zealand]].<ref name="IndT20I">{{cite web |date=23 October 2017 |title=Iyer, Siraj called up for New Zealand T20Is |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/shreyas-iyer-mohammed-siraj-called-up-for-new-zealand-t20is-1124468 |access-date=23 October 2017 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> He made his T20I debut for India against New Zealand on 1 November 2017, but he did not bat.<ref name="T20I">{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1120093.html |title=1st T20I (N), New Zealand tour of India at Delhi, Nov 1 2017 |access-date=1 November 2017 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref><ref name="DidNotBat">{{Cite news|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/18029/report/1120093/ |title=Rohit, Dhawan break both records and New Zealand |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=1 November 2017}}</ref>

In November 2017, Iyer was named in India's [[One Day International]] (ODI) squad for their series [[Sri Lankan cricket team in India in 2017–18|against Sri Lanka]].<ref name="IndODI">{{Cite web |date=27 November 2017 |title=Kohli rested for Sri Lanka ODIs; Rohit to lead |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/virat-kohli-rested-for-sri-lanka-odis-rohit-sharma-to-lead-1127271 |access-date=27 November 2017 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref> He made his ODI debut for India against Sri Lanka on 10 December 2017.<ref name="ODI">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1122726.html |title=1st ODI (D/N), Sri Lanka tour of India at Dharamsala, Dec 10 2017 |date=10 December 2017 |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=10 December 2017}}</ref> He scored 88 from 70 balls in the 2nd ODI against [[Sri Lanka]] at [[Mohali]].<ref name="IndT20Itoo">{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sl-in-india-2017-18-1122718/india-vs-sri-lanka-2nd-odi-1122727/full-scorecard|title=Full Scorecard of India vs Sri Lanka 2nd ODI 2017/18|date=13 December 2017 |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=13 December 2017}}</ref>

On 18 December 2019, in the second ODI [[West Indian cricket team in India in 2019–20|against the West Indies]], Iyer scored 31 runs in one over, the most scored by a batsman for India in a single over in ODIs.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 December 2019 |title=Stats – Rohit Sharma second only to Sachin Tendulkar |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/stats-rohit-sharma-second-only-to-sachin-tendulkar-1210475 |access-date=18 December 2019 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

On 24 January 2020, in the first T20I against New Zealand, Iyer scored an unbeaten 58 off 29 balls and was declared the Man of the Match.<ref>{{cite news |title=Shreyas Iyer: We knew we could cover run-rate any time on a short ground |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/international/new-zealand-vs-india-shreyas-iyer-t20-match-runs-eden-park-auckland/article30647183.ece |access-date=25 January 2020 |work=Sportstar |date=25 January 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Auckl |first1=Saurabh Kumar |title=Staying with Virat bhai, Rohit bhai helps you learn: Shreyas Iyer on finishing games for India |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/india-new-zealand-shreyas-iyer-kl-rahul-virat-rohit-finish-matches-1639938-2020-01-24 |access-date=26 January 2020 |work=India Today |date=24 January 2020 |language=en}}</ref> On 5 February, in the first ODI against New Zealand in [[Seddon Park|Hamilton]], he scored 103 off 107 balls, making his maiden century in ODIs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/india-vs-new-zealand-1st-odi-shreyas-iyer-maiden-hundred-1643390-2020-02-05|title=India vs New Zealand: Shreyas Iyer shines with maiden ODI hundred|work=India Today|date=5 February 2020 |access-date=5 February 2020}}</ref>

In September 2021, Iyer was named as one of three reserve players in India's squad for the [[2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup|T20 World Cup]].<ref>{{cite web |title=India's T20 World Cup squad: R Ashwin picked, MS Dhoni named mentor |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/india-s-2021-t20-world-cup-squad-r-ashwin-picked-ms-dhoni-named-mentor-1276821 |access-date=8 September 2021 |work=ESPNcricinfo|date=8 September 2021 }}</ref> In November, he was named in India's [[Test cricket|Test]] squad for their home series [[New Zealand cricket team in India in 2021–22|against New Zealand]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bcci.tv/articles/2021/news/155640/india-s-squad-for-tests-against-new-zealand-announced |title=India's squad for Tests against New Zealand announced |work=Board of Control for Cricket in India |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> He made his Test debut on 25 November for India against [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]].<ref name="ESPN" /> and received his Test cap from the former cricketer [[Sunil Gavaskar]]. Iyer became the 16th Indian player to score a century on Test debut, and the first Indian player to score a century and a half-century in the two innings of debut Test.<ref name="ndtv" />

In the 2022 bilateral T20I series against Sri Lanka, Iyer broke Virat Kohli's record of most runs scored by an Indian batsman in a 3-match T20I bilateral series, scoring a total of 204 runs with three consecutive unbeaten half-centuries.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://zeenews.india.com/cricket/india-vs-sl-3rd-t20-shreyas-iyer-smashes-huge-record-of-virat-kohli-in-bilateral-series-2440665.html|title=India vs SL 3rd T20: Shreyas Iyer smashes HUGE record of Virat Kohli in bilateral series|work=zeenews.india.com|access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref>

In March 2022, Iyer was named man of the match after scoring two crucial fifties on a tough turning track<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/ind-vs-sl-2nd-test-shreyas-iyer-on-this-pitch-a-fifty-feels-like-a-century-1305218|title= Shreyas Iyer: On this pitch, a fifty feels like a century|work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=12 March 2022}}</ref> in the second Test match [[Sri Lankan cricket team in India in 2021–22|against Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sri-lanka-in-india-2021-22-1278665/india-vs-sri-lanka-2nd-test-1278683/live-cricket-score|title=2nd Test (D/N), Bengaluru, Mar 12 – 14 2022, Sri Lanka tour of India|work=ESPNcricinfo|date=14 March 2022 |access-date=14 March 2022}}</ref> In recognition of Iyer's good form, he was named as the [[ICC Awards|ICC player of the month]] for February 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|last=PTI|date=14 March 2022|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/shreyas-iyer-named-icc-player-of-the-month/articleshow/90202483.cms|title=Shreyas Iyer named ICC 'Player of the Month'|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=14 March 2022}}</ref> On 9 October 2022, during the 2nd of 3 ODI matches against South Africa, he achieved his 2nd ODI century scoring 113 off 111 balls, and remained unbeaten.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Full Scorecard of South Africa vs India 2nd ODI 2022/23 – Score Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/south-africa-in-india-2022-23-1327499/india-vs-south-africa-2nd-odi-1327510/full-scorecard |access-date=9 October 2022 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>
However, Shreyas Iyer was not picked in the India squad for the T20 World Cup 2022. During the 2nd T20I against New Zealand in Bay Oval Shreyas was out by hit wicket. He was the 4th Indian player to be out in hit wicket. Shreyas Iyer hit 80 runs for just 76 balls in 1st ODI against New Zealand in Eden Park.

In January 2023, after [[Sri Lanka]] series Iyer was out from the [[New Zealand]] series due to back pain. Shreyas returned in the [[Border–Gavaskar Trophy]]. He was able to play in 2nd Test. During the 4th test at Ahmedabad after [[Australia]] finished 1st innings by 480, while [[India]] started the batting but Shreyas did not come for the batting. He complained about back pain once again and was taken for the scans. Shreyas Iyer was dropped from the series due to back pain. He went to [[England]] for back surgery in April. Shreyas Iyer wasn't available for the ICC Test championship Final against [[Australia]] in [[Kennington Oval]]. He was recovering in NCA for his return. As a result of his hard work, Iyer was named in [[2023 Asia Cup|Asia Cup 2023]].

During the 2nd ODI against Australia in [[Indore]], Iyer scored 105 runs in just 90 balls, marking a strong comeback ahead of the World Cup. India won the match with Iyer winning the Man of the Match Award for his performance.

On 11 Jan'26, 1st ODI against New Zealand in Vadodara, Iyer playing his comeback match after recovering from a spleen injury sustained during last year's Australia tour, played a key supporting role with a fluent 49 off 47 balls.<ref>{{Cite news |title='He walks the talk': Shreyas Iyer hails Virat Kohli after record-breaking ODI masterclass |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/india-vs-new-zealand/he-walks-the-talk-shreyas-iyer-hails-virat-kohli-after-record-breaking-odi-masterclass/articleshow/126478096.cms |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |date=12 January 2026 |access-date=13 January 2026}}</ref>

==International centuries==
Iyer has scored 6 international centuries – 1 in [[Test cricket]] and 5 in [[One Day International]]s.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Test centuries<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/642519.html?class=1;template=results;type=batting;view=innings
|title=STATISTICS / SHREYAS IYER / TEST MATCHES
|publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>
!No.
!Runs
!Against
![[Batting order (cricket)|Pos.]]
![[Innings|Inn.]]
!Test
!Venue
!H/A
!Date
!Result
!Ref.
|-
|1
|105
|{{Cr|New Zealand}}
|5
|1
|1/2
|[[Green Park Stadium]], Kanpur
|Home
|25 November 2021
|Drawn
|<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/new-zealand-tour-of-india-2021-22-1278658/india-vs-new-zealand-1st-test-1278663/full-scorecard
|title=India vs New Zealand, 1st Test – Full scorecard
|publisher=ESPNcricinfo
|date=November 2021}}</ref>
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ODI centuries<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/642519.html?class=2;orderby=start;template=results;type=batting;view=innings
|title=STATISTICS / SHREYAS IYER / ONE-DAY INTERNATIONALS
|publisher=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>
!No.
!Runs
!Against
![[Batting order (cricket)|Pos.]]
![[Innings|Inn.]]
![[Strike rate (cricket)|S/R]]
!Venue
!H/A/N
!Date
!Result
!Ref.
|-
|1
|103
|{{Cr|New Zealand}}
|4
|1
|93.63
|[[Seddon Park]], Hamilton
|Away
|5 February 2020
|Lost
|<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/india-tour-of-new-zealand-2019-20-1187671/new-zealand-vs-india-1st-odi-1187683/full-scorecard
|title=New Zealand vs India, 1st ODI – Full scorecard
|publisher=ESPNcricinfo
|date=February 2020}}</ref>
|-
|2
|113*
|{{Cr|South Africa}}
|4
|1
|100.88
|[[JSCA International Stadium Complex]], Ranchi
|Home
|9 October 2022
|Won
|<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/south-africa-in-india-2022-23-1333871/india-vs-south-africa-2nd-odi-1333876/full-scorecard
|title=India vs South Africa, 2nd ODI – Full scorecard
|publisher=ESPNcricinfo
|date=October 2022}}</ref>
|-
|3
|105
|{{Cr|Australia}}
|4
|1
|105.00
|[[Holkar Stadium]], Indore
|Home
|24 September 2023
|Won
|<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/australia-in-india-2023-1391741/india-vs-australia-2nd-odi-1391751/full-scorecard
|title=India vs Australia, 2nd ODI – Full scorecard
|publisher=ESPNcricinfo
|date=September 2023}}</ref>
|-
|4
|128*
|{{Cr|Netherlands}}
|4
|1
|111.30
|[[M. Chinnaswamy Stadium]], Bengaluru
|Home
|12 November 2023
|Won
|<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-cricket-world-cup-2023-24-1384398/india-vs-netherlands-45th-match-1384436/full-scorecard
|title=India vs Netherlands, World Cup 2023 – Full scorecard
|publisher=ESPNcricinfo
|date=November 2023}}</ref>
|-
|5
|105
|{{Cr|New Zealand}}
|4
|1
|101.94
|[[Wankhede Stadium]], Mumbai
|Home
|15 November 2023
|Won
|<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-cricket-world-cup-2023-24-1384398/india-vs-new-zealand-1st-semi-final-1384433/full-scorecard
|title=India vs New Zealand, Semi-final – Full scorecard
|publisher=ESPNcricinfo
|date=November 2023}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cricinfo|id=642519}}
* {{Facebook|ShreyasIyerCricket}}

{{Navboxes
|title = India squads
|bg = #0077FF
|fg = #F4F6F7
|bordercolor = #3498DB
|list1=
{{India Squad 2023 Asia Cup}}
{{India 2023 Cricket World Cup squad}}
}}
{{Mumbai cricket squad}}
{{Punjab Kings squad}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Iyer, Shreyas}}
[[Category:1994 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian cricketers]]
[[Category:India Test cricketers]]
[[Category:India One Day International cricketers]]
[[Category:India Twenty20 International cricketers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]
[[Category:Mumbai cricketers]]
[[Category:Indian A cricketers]]
[[Category:Delhi Capitals cricketers]]
[[Category:Cricketers who made a century on Test debut]]
[[Category:Kolkata Knight Riders cricketers]]
[[Category:Cricketers from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Punjab Kings cricketers]]

Zeyan Shafiq

2026-03-15T09:20:31Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Added Article!

{{short description|Indian software developer (born 2002)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Zeyan Shafiq
| image = Zeyan Shafiq (Malaysia 2019) cropped.jpg
| caption = Shafiq In 2019
| birth_name = Zeyan Jeelani Shafiq
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|2002|7|21}}
| birth_place = [[Anantnag]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| other_names =
| alma_mater = Radiant Public School
| occupation = Software and app developer, CEO of Stalwart Esports
| years_active =
| known_for = [[KashBook]], [[Stalwart Esports]]
}}

'''Zeyan Shafiq''' (born '''Zeyan Jeelani;''' 21 July 2002)<ref name="vice">{{Cite web |date=23 December 2020 |title=How the Indian Ban on PUBG Brought Gamers From India and Pakistan Together |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/india-pakistan-pubg-players-come-together-for-esports-competition/ |access-date=12 January 2021 |website=Vice India}}</ref> is an [[Indian people|Indian]] software and app developer from [[Anantnag]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]].<ref name="deccanchronicle.com">{{Cite web |last=Jameel |first=Yusuf |date=2017-05-21 |title=Social Bee: Valley's 'Internet kid' overcomes social media ban |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/technology/in-other-news/210517/social-bee-valleys-internet-kid-overcomes-social-media-ban.html |access-date=2021-01-14 |website=Deccan Chronicle |language=en}}</ref> He founded KashBook in 2017 after the [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] government banned social media services in the [[Kashmir Valley]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2017 |title=KashBook, Kashmiri boy Zeyan Shafiq's Facebook circumvents social media ban in Valley |url=https://www.india.com/viral/kashbook-kashmiri-boy-zeyan-shafiqs-facebook-circumvents-social-media-ban-in-valley-2141613/ |access-date=12 January 2021 |website=India}}</ref> and started [[Stalwart Esports]] in 2020 to promote India in competitive [[esport]]s.<ref name="vice" />

== Personal life and education ==
Shafiq was born on 21 July 2002 to a [[Kashmiri Muslims|Kashmiri Muslim]] family in Anantnag, [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. His father, Shafiq Ul Hassan, is a pharmaceutical distributor, and his mother, Asiya Shafiq, a civil servant in the Jammu and Kashmir revenue department.<ref name="vice" /> He studied at the [[Army Goodwill Schools|Army Goodwill School]] in Rajouri and completed his matriculation exams in January 2017 from the Radiant Public School.<ref name="greaterkashmir.com">{{Cite web |date=2017-05-24 |title=Kashmir software enthusiast develops Kashbook |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/kashmir/kashmir-software-enthusiast-develops-kashbook/ |access-date=2021-01-14 |website=Greater Kashmir |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2017 |title=Kashmiri teen launches Facebook-like app, thwarting social media ban in Valley |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/kashmiri-teen-zeyan-shafiq-launches-facebook-like-app-kashbook-after-social-media-ban-in-valley-4661152/ |access-date=12 January 2021 |website=Indian Express}}</ref><ref name="deccanchronicle.com" /> He planned to study computer science engineering.<ref name="indiatoday">{{Cite web |date=16 May 2017 |title=16-year-old develops Kashbook, Kashmir's own Facebook, after government banned social media websites |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/fyi/story/jammu-kashmir-social-media-ban-kashbook-facebook-version-977342-2017-05-16 |access-date=12 January 2021 |website=India Today}}</ref>

== KashBook ==
{{see also|Censorship in Kashmir}}
Along with his 19-year-old friend Uzair Jan, Shafiq developed KashBook in 2013, but decided to relaunch the website after a social media ban was imposed in [[Kashmir|Kashmir Valley]] by the [[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party|PDP]] government on 26 April 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2017 |title=Countering social media ban in IHK, 16-year-old develops 'KashBook' |url=https://nation.com.pk/18-May-2017/countering-social-media-ban-in-ihk-16-year-old-develops-kashbook |access-date=12 January 2021 |website=The Nation}}</ref> They developed a website and mobile app so that people in Kashmir could communicate without connecting to a [[VPN]].<ref name="indiatoday" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-18 |title=A 16-Year-Old Kashmiri Boy Is Helping Thousands Reconnect in the Face of a State Ban on Social Media |url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/101387/kashbook-kashmir-facebook-zeyan-shafiq/ |access-date=2021-01-13 |website=The Better India |language=en-US}}</ref> KashBook had more than 10,500 users as of May 2017.<ref name="greaterkashmir.com" />

The book ''India Connected'' by [[Ravi Agrawal]] includes a chapter about Shafiq, the internet shutdown in Kashmir, and his take on it with KashBook.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Agrawal |first=Ravi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rLhwDwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA147&dq=%22Zeyan+Shafiq%22+-wikipedia&hl=en |title=India Connected: How the Smartphone Is Transforming the World's Largest Democracy |date=2018-10-01 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-085867-4 |pages=147–169 |language=en |chapter=Big Brothers,Internet Shutdowns & Internet.org}}</ref>

== Stalwart Esports ==
In January 2020, Shafiq started Stalwart Esports, a pan-India esports organisation to promote India's position and participation in competitive eSports.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 November 2020 |title=How Pakistan gamers joined hands for Kashmiri's Indian PUBG team |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/how-pakistan-gamers-joined-hands-for-kashmir-india-pubg-team-7049726/ |access-date=12 January 2021 |website=Indian Express}}</ref><ref name="vice" /> After the [[PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds|PUBG]] ban in India, he decided to set up international operations for his esport organisation and introduced players from Pakistani team FreeStyle Esports, who already had qualified and played the PUBG World Championship.<ref name="vice" /> He was concerned about reprisals, but none came. It was an unprecedented alliance between Indian and Pakistani gamers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2020 |title=Games without frontiers: Indians, Pakistanis team up for eSports |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/games-without-frontiers-indians-pakistanis-team-up-for-esports/an-unheard-alliance/slideshow/79773559.cms |access-date=12 January 2021 |website=Economic Times}}</ref><ref name="vice" />

After the Indian government banned BGMI,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-07-29 |title=BGMI: Why India has blocked the popular combat mobile game |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-62344926 |access-date=2024-12-12 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Shafiq extended support to Indian esport organizations assisting them in transitioning [[Battlegrounds Mobile India]] (formerly known as [[PUBG Mobile]]) operations to the rest of the world.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Megha Murty |date=2023-05-17 |title=BGMI: GodLike Esports Founder Says It's Time To Move Abroad for Esports, and More |url=https://in.ign.com/esports/184218/news/bgmi-godlike-esports-founder-says-its-time-to-move-abroad-for-esports-and-more |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=IGN India |language=en-in}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shafiq, Zeyan}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2002 births]]
[[Category:People from Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:People from Anantnag]]

List of cities in Himachal Pradesh by population

2026-03-14T11:47:24Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: basic corrected details for consistency and improved wording

{{Short description|HP Himachal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
This is a list of [[urban agglomeration]]s, cities and towns as per 2011 census in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Himachal Pradesh]]. [[Dharamshala]], [[Solan]], [[Palampur, Himachal Pradesh|Palampur]], and [[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi]] became municipal corporations after 2011 census hence their area has been expanded resulting in a change of population, which has been updated as recent one.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title = Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | publisher = |accessdate = 2012-07-07 }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
| rowspan="3" |2011 Rank
| rowspan="3" |2023 Rank
| rowspan="3" |Name
| rowspan="3" |Status
| rowspan="3" |District
| colspan="4" |Population
|-
|Census
|Census
|Census
|Estimate (including outgrowth)
|-
|1991
|2001
|2011
|2024
|-
|1
|1
|[[Shimla]]
|Municipal Corporation
|Shimla
|102,186
|142,555
|169,578
|~2,60,000<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goel |first=Aayush |title=Shimla Development Plan 2041 runs into green hurdle {{!}} Tehelka |url=http://tehelka.com/shimla-development-plan-2041-runs-into-green-hurdle/ |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=tehelka.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|2
|2
|[[Dharamsala]]
|Municipal Corporation
|Kangra
|17,493
|19,124
|53,543
|~1,00,000
|-
|3
|3
|[[Solan]]
|Municipal Corporation
|Solan
|21,751
|34,206
|47,418
|~60,000
|-
|4
|6
|[[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi]]
|Municipal Corporation
|Mandi
|23,202
|26,873
|41,348
|~50,000
|-
|5
|4
|[[Palampur]]
|Municipal Corporation
|Kangra
|3,638+ outgrowth
|4,006+ outgrowth
|40,385
|~45,000
|-
|6
|5
|[[Baddi]]
|Municipal Council
|Solan
|
|22,601
|29,911
|~40,000
|-
|7
|7
|[[Nahan]]
|Municipal Council
|Sirmaur
|21,878
|26,053
|28,899
|~40,000
|-
|8
|8
|[[Paonta Sahib]]
|Municipal Council
|Sirmaur
|13,207
|19,090
|25,183
|~40,000
|-
|9
|10
|[[Sundarnagar]]
|Municipal Council
|Mandi
|20,397
|23,986
|24,344
|~35,000
|-
|10
|9
|[[Chamba, Himachal Pradesh|Chamba]]
|Municipal Council
|Chamba
|17,194
|20,327
|19,933
|~30,000
|-
|11
|11
|[[Una, Himachal Pradesh|Una]]
|Municipal Council
|Una
|12,001
|15,900
|18,722
|~30,000
|-
|12
|12
|[[Kullu]]
|Municipal Council
|Kullu
|14,569
|18,306
|18,536
|~30,000
|-
|13
|13
|[[Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh|Hamirpur]]
|Municipal Council
|Hamirpur
|12,544
|17,252
|17,604
|~30,000
|-
|14
|14
|[[Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh|Bilaspur]]
|Municipal Council
|Bilaspur
|10,609
|13,058
|13,654
|~30,000
|-
|15
|25
|[[Yol, Himachal Pradesh|Yol Cantonment]]
|Cantonment (Board)
|Kangra
|9,310
|10,775
|12,028
|~13,000
|-
|16
|15
|[[Nalagarh]]
|Municipal Council
|Solan
|7,448
|9,443
|10,708
|~30,000
|-
|17
|17
|[[Nurpur, Himachal Pradesh|Nurpur]]
|Municipal Council
|Kangra
|7,961
|9,066
|9,807
|~20,000
|-
|18
|18
|[[Kangra district|Kangra]]
|Municipal Council
|Kangra
|9,019
|9,156
|9,528
|~20,000
|-
|19
|19
|[[Baijnath, Himachal Pradesh|Baijnath Paprola]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Kangra
|
|
|
|~20,000
|-
|20
|21
|[[Santokhgarh]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Una
|6,848
|8,308
|9,363
|~15,000
|-
|21
|22
|[[Mehatpur Basdehra]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Una
|6,417
|8,681
|9,218
|~15,000
|-
|22
|27
|Shamshi
|Census Town
|Kullu
|...
|8,038
|8,870
|~10,000
|-
|23
|23
|[[Parwanoo]]
|Municipal Council
|Solan
|5,856
|8,609
|8,758
|~15,000
|-
|24
|16
|[[Manali, Himachal Pradesh|Manali]]
|Municipal Council
|Kullu
|2,433
|6,265
|8,096
|~30,000
|-
|25
|26
|[[Tira Sujanpur]]
|Municipal Council
|Hamirpur
|5,477
|7,077
|7,943
|~12,000
|-
|26
|28
|[[Ghumarwin]]
|Municipal Council
|Bilaspur
|3,708
|5,721
|7,899
|~12,000
|-
|27
|29
|[[Dalhousie, India|Dalhousie]]
|Municipal Council
|Chamba
|6,855
|7,425
|7,051
|~10,000
|-
|28
|30
|[[Rohru]]
|Municipal Council
|Shimla
|3,366
|6,607
|6,875
|~10,000
|-
|29
|24
|[[Nagrota Bagwan]]
|Municipal Council
|Kangra
|4,503
|5,657
|5,900
|~15,000
|-
|30
|31
|[[Rampur, Himachal Pradesh|Rampur]]
|Municipal Council
|Shimla
|4,342
|5,653
|5,655
|~10,000
|-
|31
|32
|[[Jawalamukhi]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Kangra
|4,047
|4,931
|5,361
|~10,000
|-
|32
|20
|[[Jogindernagar]]
|Municipal Council
|Mandi
|4,513
|5,048
|5,335
|~20,000
|-
|33
|33
|[[Dera Gopipur]]
|Municipal Council
|Kangra
|3,378
|4,336
|4,816
|~10,000
|-
|34
|34
|[[Sarkaghat]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Mandi
|3,093
|3,706
|4,715
|~10,000
|-
|35
|
|Jhakhri
|Census Town
|Shimla...
|...
|4,655
|-
|36
|
|[[Indora]]
|Census Town
|Kangra
|...
|4,201
|4,534
|
|-
|37
|
|[[Bhuntar]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Kullu
|2,972
|4,260
|4,475
|
|-
|38
|
|[[Nadaun]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Hamirpur
|3,379
|4,405
|4,430
|
|-
|39
|
|[[Theog]]
|Municipal Council
|Shimla
|2,757
|3,754
|4,353
|
|-
|40
|
|[[Kasauli]] Cantonment
|Cantonment (Board)
|Solan
|4,385
|4,990
|3,885
|
|-
|41
|
|[[Gagret]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Una
|4,258
|3,181
|3,847
|
|-
|42
|
|[[Chuari Khas]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Chamba
|2,107
|3,016
|3,770
|
|-
|43
|
|[[Daulatpur, Himachal Pradesh|Daulatpur]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Una
|2,748
|3,354
|3,763
|
|-
|44
|
|[[Sabathu| Sabathu Cantonment]]
|Cantonment (Board)
|Solan
|3,700
|5,719
|3,685
|
|-
|45
|
|[[Dalhousie, India|Dalhousie]] Cantonment
|Cantonment (Board)
|Chamba
|1,744
|1,964
|3,549
|
|-
|46
|
|[[Rajgarh, Himachal Pradesh|Rajgarh]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Sirmaur
|1,780
|2,527
|3,083
|
|-
|47
|
|[[Arki, India|Arki]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Solan
|1,976
|2,877
|3,040
|
|-
|48
|
|[[Dagshai]] Cantonment
|Cantonment (Board)
|Solan
|2,163
|2,750
|2,904
|
|-
|49
|
|[[Seoni, Himachal Pradesh|Seoni]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Shimla
|1,271
|1,529
|2,591
|
|-
|50
|
|[[Talai]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Bilaspur
|1,550
|2,011
|2,372
|
|-
|51
|
|[[Jutogh]] Cantonment
|Cantonment (Board)
|Shimla
|5,827
|2,420
|2,062
|
|-
|52
|
|[[Chaupal, Himachal Pradesh|Chaupal]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Shimla
|1,074
|1,507
|1,851
|
|-
|53
|
|[[Rewalsar, India|Rewalsar]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Mandi
|1,045
|1,369
|1,821
|
|-
|54
|
|[[Bakloh]] Cantonment
|Cantonment (Board)
|Chamba
|1,989
|1,810
|1,805
|
|-
|55
|
|[[Jubbal]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Shimla
|1,379
|1,346
|1,640
|
|-
|56
|
|[[Bhota]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Hamirpur
|1,286
|1,472
|1,453
|
|-
|57
|
|[[Banjar, India|Banjar]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Kullu
|1,037
|1,262
|1,414
|
|-
|58
|
|[[Bharmour]]
|Big town
|Chamba
|972
|1,267
|1,376
|
|-
|59
|
|[[Naina devi]]
|Municipal Council
|Bilaspur
|896
|1,149
|1,204
|
|-
|60
|
|[[Narkanda]]
|Nagar Panchayat
|Shimla
|687
|713
|901
|
|}
Most of the cities and towns appear to have larger population than the above mentioned figures due to rapid outgrowth in the recent years. For example, Baddi has emerged as one of the largest cities considering rapid industrialisation and urbanisation in the past decade. While, its official figures state its population to be around 29,911 as per 2011; the actual [[urban agglomeration]]s population is around 100,000 since official figure takes into account only the notified part of the city as urban population. Apparently, [[urban agglomeration]]s have significantly more population than the official figure. This holds true for most of the cities and town listed here when population of suburbs of respective city or town is added.

==Urban Agglomeration==
In the census of India 2011, an Urban Agglomeration has been defined as follows:<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/1.%20Data%20Highlight.pdf | title = Urban Agglomerations and Cities |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011| publisher = |accessdate = 2016-01-18 }}</ref>

"An urban agglomeration is a continuous urban spread constituting a town and its adjoining outgrowths (OGs), or two or more physically contiguous towns together with or without outgrowths of such towns. An Urban Agglomeration must consist of at least a statutory town and its total population (i.e. all the constituents put together) should not be less than 20,000 as per the 2001 Census. In varying local conditions, there were similar other combinations which have been treated
as urban agglomerations satisfying the basic condition of contiguity."

===Constituents of Urban Agglomerations in the Himachal Pradesh===
The Urban Agglomerations and their constituents in the Himachal Pradesh, with a population of 1 lakh or above, are noted below:<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf | title = Constituents of urban Agglomerations Having Population 1 Lakh & above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011| publisher = |accessdate = 2012-07-07 }}</ref>

*Shimla
*Baddi (BBN)
*Una
*Kangra
*Mandi
*Kullu

==Urban Agglomeration constituents==
Urban Agglomerations constituents with a population above 100,000, and less as per 2024 estimates and 2011 census are shown in the table below.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title = Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | publisher = |accessdate = 2012-03-27}}</ref>

{|class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size: 10pt"
|-
!2024 Rank
! rowspan="1" |Urban Agglomeration
!width="250" rowspan="1"| Name of Constituent
!width="50" rowspan="1"| District
!rowspan="1"|Type*
!Population 2024 (Estimate)
! rowspan="1" |Population 2011
|-
|1
|[[Baddi]] (BBN)
|Baddi, [[Barotiwala]], [[Nalagarh]]
|Solan
|M Corp.
|≈4,30,260<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBN population estimates |url=https://bbnda.hp.gov.in/DevPlan2025_A1b.pdf}}</ref>
|3,50,000
|-
|2
|[[Shimla]]
|Shimla, [[Sanjauli]], [[Summer Hill, Shimla|Summer Hill]], Chotta Shimla, New Shimla, [[Tutikandi]], [[Annadale, Shimla|Annadale]], Panthaghati, Boileauganj, Jakhu Hill, Bharari, Krishnanagar, Mehli, Dudhli, Poabo, Kamyana, Chamyana, [[Totu, Shimla|Totu]], Hiranagar, Khwara Chowki, Kuftadhar, Strawberry Hill, Talland, Kelston, Richmount, Jakhu, Housing Board Colony, Engine Ghar, Cemetry, US Club, Kachighati, Chakkar, Jathiya Devi, Taradevi, [[Bhattakufer|Bhattakufar]], Kanlog, [[Lower Bazaar, Shimla|Lower Bazaar]], [[Kaithu, Shimla|Kaithu]], Dhalli, [[Kasumpati|Kasumpti]], [[Mashobra]], [[Shoghi, Shimla|Shoghi]], [[Kufri, India|Kufri]]
|[[Shimla district|Shimla]]
|M Corp.
|≈3,10,000<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shimla population estimates |url=http://tehelka.com/shimla-development-plan-2041-runs-into-green-hurdle/}}</ref>
|2,70,000
|-
|3
|[[Dharamshala|Kangra]]
|Kangra, [[Dharamshala]], [[Gaggal (airport)|Gaggal]], [[Nagrota Bagwan]], Shahpur
|Kangra
|M Corp.
|≈2,30,000
|2,10,000
|-
|4
|[[Una, Himachal Pradesh|Una]]
|Una, [[Amb, India|Amb]], [[Gagret]], [[Haroli Tehsil|Haroli]], [[Daulatpur, Himachal Pradesh|Daulatpur]], [[Mehatpur Basdehra|Mehatpur]]
|Una
|M Corp.
|≈1,50,000
|1,30,000
|-
|5
|[[Mandi, Himachal Pradesh|Mandi]]
|Mandi, [[Sundar Nagar|Sunder Nagar]], Nerchowk
|Mandi
|M Corp.
|≈1,20,000
|1,10,000
|-
|6
|[[Kullu|Kullu Manali]]
|Kullu, [[Manali, Himachal Pradesh|Manali]], [[Bhuntar]], Bajaura, Patlikhuhal, [[Naggar, Himachal Pradesh|Naggar]]
|Kullu
|M Council
|≈1,10,000
|1,00,000
|-
|7
|[[Paonta Sahib]]
|Paonta Sahib, Misarwala, Shampur, Bhagani, Majra, Gondpur
|Sirmaur
|M Council
|≈80,000
|70,000
|-
|8
|[[Palampur, Himachal Pradesh|Palampur]]
|Palampur, Panchrukhi, [[Bhawarna]], Sulah, Gopalpur
|Kangra
|M Corp.
|≈70,000
|60,000
|-
|9
|[[Solan]]
|Solan, Dadhog, Loharo, Sumti, Daghota
|Solan
|M Corp.
|≈60,000
|50,000
|-
|10
|[[Jogindernagar|Joginder Nagar]]
|Joginder Nagar, [[Chauntra, Himachal Pradesh|Chauntra]], Ahju, [[Bir, Himachal Pradesh|Bir]], Sainthal, Harabagh, Dohag
|Mandi
|M Council
|≈50,000
|40,000
|-
|11
|[[Baijnath, Himachal Pradesh|Baijnath Paprola]]
|Baijnath, Paprola, Kunsal, Mahakal, Bahi Khas, Uttrala, Sansal
|Kangra
|M Council
|≈40,000
|30,000
|-
|12
|[[Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh|Hamirpur]]
|Hamirpur, Dosarka, Dulehera, Ghanal, Muthwan, Jateri, Har Khalsa, Sasan, Himuda Colony
|Hamirpur
|M Corp.
|≈40,000
|30,000
|-
|13
|[[Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh|Bilaspur]]
|Bilaspur, Bharari, Kothi, Kothipura, Manman, Dharasani, Bamta, Tihri, Chandpur
|Bilaspur
|M Council
|≈40,000
|30,000
|-
|14
|[[Nahan]]
|Nahan, Yashwant Vihar Colony, Chakreda
|Sirmaur
|M Council
|≈40,000
|30,000
|-
|15
|[[Chamba, Himachal Pradesh|Chamba]]
|Chamba, Sarol, Parel, Karian, Sultanpur, Rajpura, Udaipur
|Chamba
|M Council
|≈30,000
|25,000
|-
|16
|[[Nurpur, Himachal Pradesh|Nurpur]]
|Nurpur, Jassur, Chattroli Khas, Naga Bari, Kandwal
|Kangra
|M Council
|≈30,000
|20,000
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Clear}}

{{Cities of India}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Himachal Pradesh-related lists|Cities]]
[[Category:Lists of cities in India by population|Himachal Pradesh]]

Goa University Library

2026-03-08T06:57:27Z

Moshiurrahmanatik:

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2021}}{{Infobox organization
| name = Goa University Library
| image = Goa University Library Panjim,Taligao Plateau.jpg
| map =
| region_served = International (Through [[OPAC]])
| formation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1985|6|30}}
| purpose = Educational
| location = [[Goa, India]]
| language = Multiple
| leader_title = University Librarian
| leader_name = Sandesh B. Dessai
| key_people = [http://library.unigoa.ac.in/?q=node/7 Library Assistants]
| main_organ = Assembly
| parent_organization = [[Goa University]]
| website = {{URL|https://www.unigoa.ac.in/facilities/library.html}}
}}
[[File:Goa-university-library-campus.jpg|thumb]]
'''Goa University Library''' is one of the major libraries in the state of [[Goa]], [[India]]. It houses an estimated 140,000 books and 300 journals.<ref name="librarysite">{{Cite web|url=http://library.unigoa.ac.in/?q=node/6|title = Goa University Library catalog}}</ref> It also is home to special interest collections and rare and antique manuscripts, according to its official website.

==History==

The Goa University Library and Information Centre was set up on 30 June 1985 and was built on the existing library of the Centre for Post Graduate Research and Instruction, [[University of Bombay]], which itself was the precursor to the [[Goa University]].

At that time, the collection totalled 37,678 books<ref name="librarysite" /> and several bound volumes of periodicals.

It currently has books dealing with the Humanities, Social Science and Pure and Applied Sciences especially Microbiology, Marine Science, Environmental Science, Computer Science, Geology, Management and other disciplines including a special collection on Latin America and The Caribbean.

It is also known to have a significant collection of titles in [[Konkani language|Konkani]], which is the regional language in Goa, and some in [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[French language|French]] and [[Spanish language|Spanish]]. Its official website says it "acquires around 3000 books and over 400 periodicals every year."

Goa University Library has been a designated [[United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine|Repository Library of United Nations]] publications since 1996.

Goa University launched an [[online public access catalog]] that allows people to look up titles of interest from the library website.<ref name="Times of India Article">{{cite web | url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-05-31/news/31920475_1_website-opac-lakh-books | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205194457/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-05-31/news/31920475_1_website-opac-lakh-books | url-status=dead | archive-date=5 December 2013 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Goa University library now just a click away | accessdate=7 January 2013}}</ref>

==Special collections==

Among the special collections it is noted for are:

* About 5000 books, specially on [[Indo-Portuguese]] history and culture, donated by [[Pandurang Pissurlekar]].<ref name="librarysite" />
* The Nuno Gonsalves collection.<ref name="librarysite" />
* The Dr. Carmo Azavedo Collection.

It has been computerising the database of bibliographic details, and automating library servies using the Free/Libre and Open Source Koha-based software.

==Additional details==

On 12–13 December 2012, a WikiWorkshop was organised at the [[Goa University]] library to introduce students and a few faculty on how to edit the Wikipedia, from 2.30 pm to 4.30 pm.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official|https://www.unigoa.ac.in/facilities/library.html}}
*[http://libcat.unigoa.ac.in/ Online Public Access Catalogue] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625050853/http://libcat.unigoa.ac.in/ |date=25 June 2024 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131205194457/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-05-31/news/31920475_1_website-opac-lakh-books Goa University library now just a click away]

{{coord|15.45948|73.83018|type:edu_globe:earth_region:IN|display=title}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Libraries in Goa]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Panaji]]
[[Category:Education in Panaji]]
[[Category:1985 establishments in Goa, Daman and Diu]]
[[Category:Libraries established in 1985]]
[[Category:Goa University|Library]]

Dore (film)

2026-03-03T22:03:08Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: basic refine page as per guidelines further and fixed typos

{{No plot|date=February 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Dore
| image = Dore film poster.jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = Shivamani
| based_on = "Beliya Hoogalu" by Kum. Veerabhadrappa
| story = Kum. Veerabhadrappa
| starring = [[Shiva Rajkumar]] Hema Panchamukhi [[Bharathi (actress)|Bharathi]]
| producer = M. Chandrashekar
| writer = Rajanand
Richard Louis
[Dialogues]
| screenplay = Shivamani
| music = [[Hamsalekha]]
| cinematography = Krishna Kumar
| editing = K. Balu
| studio = Sri Nimishamba Productions
| released = {{film date|df=yes|1995|11|03}}
| runtime = 147 minutes
| language = Kannada
| country = India
| budget =
}}

'''''Dore''''' ({{translation|The Ruler}}) is a 1995 Indian [[Kannada]]-language [[romance drama film]] directed by Shivamani and produced by M. Chandrashekar. The film stars [[Shiva Rajkumar]], Hema Panchamukhi and [[Bharathi (actress)|Bharathi]].<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20141217082320/http://www.supergoodmovies.com/25035/sandalwood/shivarajkumar-century-100-films-list-news-details Shivarajkumar Century - 100 Films List]}}</ref> The story is based on the novelist Ku. Veerabhadrappa's novel ''Beliya Hoogalu''.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://writeanbhu.blogspot.in/2013/11/beliya-hoogalu-kum.html | title=Beliya Hoogalu : Kum.Veerbhadrappa }}</ref>

The film's score and soundtrack was scored by [[Hamsalekha]] and the cinematography was by Krishna Kumar.

== Cast ==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Shiva Rajkumar]]
* [[Hema Panchamukhi]]
* [[Bharathi (actress)|Bharathi]]
* [[Srinivasa Murthy]]
* [[Ponnambalam (actor)|Ponnambalam]]
* [[Dheerendra Gopal]]
* [[Sudheer (Kannada actor)|Sudheer]]
* [[Girija Lokesh]]
* Ashalatha
* [[Vaijanath Biradar]]
* Rajanand
* Bank Suresh
* Bharath Kumar
* Pailwaan Venu
* Aiyappa M. M
* [[Dingri Nagaraj (Kannada Actor)|Dingri Nagaraj]]
* Vasudeva Rao
* [[Sanketh Kashi|Kashi]]
* Shankar Ashwath
{{colend}}

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack of the film was composed by [[Hamsalekha]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mio.to/album/Dore+%281995%29 |title=Songs list |access-date=20 December 2014 |archive-date=20 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220065929/http://mio.to/album/Dore+(1995) |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Halli Haadu Thandana
| extra1 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
| lyrics1 = [[Hamsalekha]]
| length1 =
| title2 = Laaliya Thumba
| extra2 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
| lyrics2 = Hamsalekha
| length2 =
| title3 = Ago Bandhanu
| extra3 = [[K. J. Yesudas]], K. S. Chithra
| lyrics3 = Hamsalekha
| length3 =
| title4 = Ramanna Ninge Kosambari
| extra4 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| lyrics4 = Hamsalekha
| length4 =
| title5 = Hunnimeya Deepa
| extra5 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| lyrics5 = Hamsalekha
| length5 =
| title6 = Thai Thai Thai
| extra6 = [[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[S. Janaki]]
| lyrics6 = Hamsalekha
| length6 =
| title7 = Raitha Raitha
| extra7 = [[Dr. Rajkumar|Rajkumar]]
| lyrics7 = Hamsalekha
| length7 =
}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141220065948/http://paaru.in/movies/dore-kannada-1995 Dore film 1995]
* {{IMDb title|tt10419488}}

[[Category:1995 films]]
[[Category:1995 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:1995 Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]
[[Category:1995 romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Films based on Indian novels]]
[[Category:Films scored by Hamsalekha]]

{{1990s-Kannada-film-stub}}

[[kn:ದೊರೆ]]

Rayalaseema Ramanna Chowdary

2026-03-03T21:59:18Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: general improve information per sources

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Rayalaseema Ramanna Chowdary
| image = Rayalaseema Ramanna Chowdary.jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Suresh Krissna]]
| writer = Paruchuri Brothers {{small|(dialogues)}} Arunachalam Creations {{small|(story/screenplay)}}
| producer = Mohan Babu
| starring = [[Mohan Babu]] [[Jayasudha]] [[Priya Gill]] [[Chandra Mohan (Telugu actor)|Chandra Mohan]]
| released = {{Film date|2000|09|15}}
| music = [[Mani Sharma]]
| editing =
| cinematography = V. Jayaram
| country = India
| language = Telugu
}}

'''''Rayalaseema Ramanna Chowdary''''' is a 2000 Telugu-language film directed by [[Suresh Krissna]].<ref name="www.idlebrain.com">{{cite web|last=Jeevi|title=Movie review|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-rrc.html|website=www.idlebrain.com|accessdate=22 December 2017|archive-date=27 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171227131512/http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-rrc.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The film stars [[Mohan Babu]], [[Jayasudha]], [[Priya Gill]] and [[Chandra Mohan (Telugu actor)|Chandra Mohan]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/twitterati-get-nostalgic-as-mohan-babus-rayalaseema-ramanna-chowdary-clocks-20-years/articleshow/78123938.cms | title=Twitterati get nostalgic as Mohan Babu's Rayalaseema Ramanna Chowdary clocks 20 years | website=[[The Times of India]] | access-date=30 May 2022 | archive-date=30 May 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530071619/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/twitterati-get-nostalgic-as-mohan-babus-rayalaseema-ramanna-chowdary-clocks-20-years/articleshow/78123938.cms | url-status=live }}</ref>

==Plot==
A man loses his land and sent away from his village. Later on, his son gets the land his father lost forcefully. This lands him in trouble and he doesn't even care about his family except the land. Later, he dies.

==Cast==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Mohan Babu]] as in a dual role as Rayalaseema Ramanna Chowdary / Murali
*[[Jayasudha]] as Seetha
*[[Priya Gill]] as Murali's lover and wife
*[[Prema (actress, born 1977)|Prema]] as Naga Sulochana
*[[Giri Babu]] as Jagannadham, Bhikshupathi's father
*[[Chandra Mohan (Telugu actor)|Chandra Mohan]] as Venkata Sastry "Venkanna"
* Tarun Master as Bhikshupathi
*[[Achyuth]] as Raghu, Murali's brother and Ramanna's Younger son
*[[Jaya Prakash Reddy]] as Sambasiva Rao
*[[Narra Venkateswara Rao]] as Subbarayudu
*[[Ranganath (actor)|Ranganath]] as Siva Rama Krishnayya
*[[Raghunatha Reddy]] as Seetha's father
*[[Rallapalli (actor)|Rallapalli]] as Lokeswara Rao
*[[Napoleon (actor)|Napoleon]] as Jatadhara Swamiji
*[[Brahmanandam]] as Annavaram
*[[Kovai Sarala]] as Venkamma
}}

== Production ==
The story was reportedly given to Suresh Krissna by [[Rajinikanth]]. Tarun worked as the choreographer and villain for the film. The film was shot at [[Pollachi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idlebrain.com/news/2000march20/news10.html|title=Mohan Babu on Cloud Nine|date=15 May 2000|work=[[Idlebrain.com]]|access-date=4 February 2023|archive-date=4 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204112245/https://www.idlebrain.com/news/2000march20/news10.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==

The music was composed by [[Mani Sharma]] and released by [[Aditya Music]].

{{Infobox album
| name = Rayalaseema Ramanna Chowdary
| type = [[Soundtrack]]
| artist = [[Mani Sharma]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 2000
| recorded = 2000
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Soundtrack]]
| length = 25:58
| label = [[Aditya Music]]
| producer = Mani Sharma
| prev_title = [[Manoharam (2000 film)|Manoharam]]
| prev_year = 2000
| next_title = [[Azad (2000 film)|Azad]]
| next_year = 2000
}}

{{track listing
| headline = Track-List
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Buchimallu Buchimallu
|lyrics1 = [[Suddala Ashok Teja]]
| extra1 = [[Sukhwinder Singh]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
| length1 = 4:44
| title2 = Ramanna Ramanna
| extra2 = [[Shankar Mahadevan]]
|lyrics2 = Suddala Ashok Teja
| length2 = 4:22
| title3 = Allade Allade
| extra3 = Hariharan, Harini
|lyrics3 = [[Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry]]
| length3 = 6:36
| title4 = Chamaku Chamaku Manu
| extra4 = [[Udit Narayan]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|lyrics4 = Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry
| length4 = 5:28
| title5 =Yedure Ledinka
| extra5 = Shankar Mahadevan
|lyrics5 = Suddala Ashok Teja
| length5 =4:40
| total_length = 25:58
|all_writing=|title6=|length6=|title7=|length7=|title8=|length8=|title9=|length9=|title10=|length10=|title11=|length11=|title12=|length12=|title13=|length13=|title14=|length14=|title15=|length15=|title16=|length16=|title17=|length17=|title18=|length18=|title19=|length19=|title20=|length20=}}

==Awards==
*[[Kovai Sarala]] won the [[Nandi Award for Best Female Comedian]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ipr.ap.nic.in/New_Links/Film.pdf|title=నంది అవార్డు విజేతల పరంపర (1964–2008)|trans-title=A series of Nandi Award Winners (1964–2008)|publisher=[[Andhra Pradesh (magazine)|Information & Public Relations of Andhra Pradesh]]|access-date=21 August 2020|archive-date=23 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223135739/http://ipr.ap.nic.in/New_Links/Film.pdf|url-status=live}}(in [[Telugu language|Telugu]])</ref>

==Reception==
''Idlebrain'' wrote "The first half of the film is little confusing, as you have no clue about how the scenes are coming and where the story is going. In the second half the story gains momentum and ends with a neat and impressive climax".<ref name="www.idlebrain.com" /> ''Telugu Cinema'' wrote "Mohan Babu’s histrionics and gimmicks, mostly resembling Rajanikath in Pedarayudu, are hard hitting but prove that Mohan Babu has something to offer to his fans. Though Mohan Babu comes in dual role, the role of the son has nothing much to do except doing some song numbers with Priya Gill who looks too odd as a village girl. Songs and dance sequences are not up to the mark. It’s a film for those who want to show Mohan Babu in Rajanikanth’s shoes".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telugucinema.com/movies/reviews/rrc.html|title=Rayalaseema Ramanna Chowdary|website=Telugu Cinema|access-date=24 November 2025|last=Anu|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001030053203/http://www.telugucinema.com/movies/reviews/rrc.html|archive-date=30 October 2000}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*[https://movies.fullhyderabad.com/rayalseema-ramanna-choudhary/telugu/rayalseema-ramanna-choudhary-movie-reviews-356-2.html Review on ''Full Hyderabad'']
* {{IMDb title}}

{{Suresh Krissna}}

[[Category:2000 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Suresh Krissna]]
[[Category:2000 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Mani Sharma]]
[[Category:Films shot in Tirupati]]
[[Category:Films set in Tirupati]]

{{2000s-Telugu-film-stub}}

Lineman (2024 multilingual film)

2026-03-03T12:12:13Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: put up new details

{{Short description|Indian comedy drama film}}
{{No plot|date=February 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Lineman Poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster in Telugu
| director = Raghu Shastry
| writer = Raghu Shastry
| producer = {{plainlist|
*Yateesh Venkatesh
*Ganesh Papanna
}}
| starring = {{plainlist|
*[[Thrigun]]
*Kaajal Kunder
*[[B. Jayashree]]
*Harini Shreekanth
}}
| cinematography = Shanthi Sagar H. G.
| editing = L. Raghunatha
| music = [[Manikanth Kadri]]
| studio = Purple Rock Entertainers
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2024|03|22}}
| country = India
| language = Kannada Telugu
}}

'''''Lineman''''' is 2024 Indian [[Comedy film|comedy]] [[Drama (film and television)|drama]] film written and directed by Raghu Shastry and starring [[Thrigun]] and [[B. Jayashree]]. Shot simultaneously in Kannada and Telugu, the film was produced by Yateesh Venkathesh and Ganesh Papanna under the banner of Purple Rock Entertainers.<ref>{{Cite web | date=2024-02-27 |title='Lineman' to release on this date |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2024/Feb/27/lineman-to-release-on-this-date |access-date=2024-03-26 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Thrigun]] as Natesha "Nata" / Nataraj "Nattu"
* Kaajal Kunder
* [[B. Jayashree]] as Sharadamma / Devudamma
* Harini Shreekanth
* Anjali
* Chethan Gandharva
* Gowravshetty
* Dileep Kempegowda
* Sandeep Kempegowda
* Suhail Rasool
* Mico Nagaraj
* Niviksha Naidu
* Samarth Narsimraju
* Sujay Shastry
* Apporva Shree
* Shridatta
}}

== Release ==
The initial theatrical release date of the film was 15 March 2024 but later postponed to 22 March 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thrigun's Lineman pushed to March 22 following slight delay in Telugu censor certification |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/thriguns-lineman-pushed-to-march-22-following-slight-delay-in-telugu-censor-certification/88fa8faf83254 |access-date=2024-03-26 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

The film is available for streaming on [[Amazon Prime Video]].

== Reception ==
Sridevi S. of ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the film three out of five stars and said "The movie can be enjoyed in theatres just to get a glimpse of village life, sans gadgets and electricity".<ref>{{Cite news |title=Lineman Movie Review : Lineman review: A well-intentioned village drama |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/lineman/movie-review/108704836.cms |access-date=2024-03-26 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> A. Sharadhaa of ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' rated the film three out of five stars and said "Lineman transcends the boundaries of conventional cinema, offering viewers a thought-provoking journey into the heart of human existence. It serves as a reminder of the importance of human connection, urging audiences to reevaluate their relationship with the world around them".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2024-03-23 |title='Lineman' movie review: A poignant tale about the light of hope |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2024/Mar/23/lineman-movie-review-a-poignant-tale-about-the-light-of-hope |access-date=2024-03-26 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

Jagadish Angadi of ''[[Deccan Herald]]'' rated the film four out of five stars and said "Thrigun and B Jayashree deliver a nuanced performance. All other artistes have done justice to their roles".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Angadi |first=Jagadish |title='Lineman' movie review: An intriguing film that blends artistic and commercial elements |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/lineman-movie-review-an-intriguing-film-that-blends-artistic-and-commercial-elements-2949249 |access-date=2024-03-26 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> Shashiprasad S M of ''[[Times Now]]'' rated the film 3 stars out of 5 stars and said "Forget entertainment, this film needs to be watched just for the powerful message that it comes with. It rings the alarm bells on how humans have got their priorities wrong and also underlines the fact that we all need to live rather than merely exist with the assistance of technology".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2024-03-14 |title=Lineman Review: A Film That 'Powerfully' Drives Home A Thoughtful Message |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/reviews/kannada/lineman-review-a-film-that-powerfully-drives-home-a-thoughtful-message-review-108494471 |access-date=2024-03-26 |website=TimesNow |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|31606062}}

[[Category:2024 Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:2024 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:2024 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Indian multilingual films]]

Rajbari National Park

2026-02-24T06:29:53Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: put up basic post v1.

{{short description|National park in the Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary, Tripura, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2015}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2013}}
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Rajbari National Park
| image =
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| map = India Tripura#India
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in [[Tripura, India]]##Location in India
| map_width =
| relief = y
| mapframe = Yes
| location = [[Tripura, India]]
| nearest_city =
| nearest_town = [[Belonia, India|Belonia]]
| coordinates = {{coord|23.28|91.40|display=inline, title}}
| area = {{Convert|31.63|km2}}
| established = {{start date and age|2007}}
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| governing_body = Tripura Forest Development & Plantation Corporation Limited
| url =
}}
'''Rajbari (Bison) National Park''' is a [[National park of India|national park]] in the [[Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary]], in [[Tripura]], India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/bison-population-witnesses-rise-at-tripura-s-trishna-sanctuary-115061600656_1.html|title=Bison population witnesses rise at Tripura's Trishna sanctuary|agency=Press Trust of India|date=16 June 2015|via=Business Standard}}</ref><ref name="tripura pa">{{cite web|url=http://moef.nic.in/downloads/public-information/protected-area-network.pdf|title=Protected area network in India|format=PDF|page=28|publisher=Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India|access-date=2 April 2012}}</ref> It covers an area of about {{Convert|31.63|km2}}.

==Biodiversity==
The park is very famous across the country owing to its picturesque surroundings. It is one of the many places in India where one could witness Mother Nature at her best. One can expect to come across various wild animals including the world-famous Indian Gaur (also known as bison), deer, Golden langurs, Pheasants, and many such endearing species. The Bison reserve was entrenched in the Sanctuary to protect the endangered species.
With the establishment of this reserve, the primary goal was to restore the natural living habitat of the Bison and strengthening laws put forth for the protection of them from poachers. The park receives plenty of water from the many rivulets and water bodies situated in the sanctuary. This supply for water ensures a regular and constant supply for nourishment to the plant and animal species.

==Flora and fauna==
The sort of vegetation found in the Sanctuary is of great diversity. There are several herbs, shrubs, tree species, climbers etc. To be exact, there are 230 trees, 110 shrubs, 150 climbers and 400 herbs found in the sanctuary. Four types of forests can be found in this Sanctuary, they are
* Tropical Semi-Evergreen Forest,
* East Himalayan lower Bhabar sal,
* Moist mixed deciduous Forest
* Savannah woodland.

Bamboo is abundantly available in this sanctuary, as they are a big favourite among the bison. Along with this, the park is known to have a rich floral diversity as well, and many of these species have immense medicinal value, such as [[Tulsi]], [[Rudraksha tree|Rudraksha]], Kalmegh and many more [[Bison]], [[Gibbon|gibbons]], [[langurs]], [[Wild boar|wild boars]], [[Wildcat|wild cats]], [[Leopard|leopards]] etc. are some of the animal species that can be spotted at the Park. One must also keep a lookout for the captivating [[Pheasant-tailed jacana|Pheasant-tailed Jacana]], [[White-throated kingfisher|White-breasted Kingfisher]], [[Black drongo|Indian Black drongo]], [[Tailorbird]], [[Jungle myna|Jungle Myna]], [[Hornbill]], [[Doves]], and many such species.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.tripura.nic.in Tripura] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207161605/http://www.tripura.nic.in/ |date=7 December 2018 }}

{{Zoos of India}}

{{National Parks of India}}

[[Category:National parks in Tripura]]
[[Category:2007 establishments in Tripura]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 2007]]

Sukumari Bhattacharji

2026-02-11T05:15:46Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Added A Bio!

{{Short description| Indologist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2023}}
'''Sukumari Bhattacharji''' (12 July 1921 – 24 May 2014) was a [[Sanskrit]] scholar, author (Bengali and English), and [[indologist]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Bhattacharya|first=Somnath|date=2014|title=Sukumari Bhattacharji|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24372923|journal=Social Scientist|volume=42|issue=7/8|pages=95–97|jstor=24372923|issn=0970-0293}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|agency=TNN|date=25 May 2014|title=Indologist Sukumari dead {{!}} Kolkata News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Indologist-Sukumari-dead/articleshow/35575670.cms|access-date=2020-09-19|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

Born in [[Kolkata]], Bhattacharji initially studied English due to scholarship restrictions but later pursued a master's degree in Sanskrit privately. She joined [[Jadavpur University]] as a professor and was known for her proficiency in multiple languages. Bhattacharji's most notable work, ''The Indian Theogony: A Comparative Study of Indian Mythology from the Vedas to the Puranas'', was based on her doctoral thesis and published by [[Cambridge University Press]]. As a social activist, she co-founded the non-profit organization Sachetana in 1982 to aid underprivileged girls. Historian [[Romila Thapar]] regarded Bhattacharji as one of the foremost indologists of her time.

== Biography ==
Sukumari Bhattacharji was born to [[Christians|Christian]] parents Sarasi Kumar and Santabala Dutta in [[Kolkata]].<ref name=":0"/> Sarasi Kumar had been known to be relative of poet [[Michael Madhusudan Dutt|Miachel Madhusudan Dutt]]. Bhattacharjee had done her schooling at St. Margaret School. She stood first in her bachelor's degree with Sanskrit and became qualified for scholarship of Ishan at [[Calcutta University]], but due to her being Christian she was deemed ineligible as per the endowment policy of the scholarship.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=দাশগুপ্ত|first=মৌ|title=শতবর্ষে সুকুমারী|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/supplementary/rabibashoriyo/an-article-on-birth-centenary-of-sukumari-bhattacharya-1.1177693|access-date=2020-09-19|website=anandabazar.com|language=bn}}</ref> This lead her not to pursue Sanskrit for her Masters. She studied English from Calcutta University. She married Prof. Amal Kumar Bhattacharji and joined as professor of English at [[Lady Brabourne College|Lady Brabourn College]]. Later in the year 1954, she pursued master's degree in Sanskrit privately. [[Buddhadeva Bose|Budhadeb Basu]] had invited her to teach in the comparative literature department, [[Jadavpur University]] in the year 1957, where she continued as the professor at the Sanskrit department later. Bhattacharji was known to be conversant with [[Sanskrit]], [[Pali]], [[Greek language|Greek]], [[French language|French]], [[German language|German]] etc.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

== Works ==
Bhattacharji was mostly known for her [[magnum opus]] ''The Indian Theogony: A Comparative Study of [[Hindu mythology|Indian mythology]] from the [[Vedas]] to the [[Puranas]]''. This work was based on her doctoral thesis regarding the relationship, formation and coherence of [[Brahma|Bramha]], [[Vishnu]] and [[Shiva|Maheswar]] against time in society in the year 1964. A few years later she was invited to pursue comparative research as the [[Post-doctoral fellowship|post doctoral fellowship]] at [[University of Cambridge|Cambridge University]] during 1966–67. Her works were compiled under the title in the year 1970 by [[Cambridge University Press]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=O'Flaherty|first=Wendy Doniger|title=Sukumari Bhattacharji: The Indian theogony: a comparative study of Indian mythology from the Vedas to the Purāṇas. xiv, 397 pp. Cambridge: University Press, 1970. £7.|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bulletin-of-the-school-of-oriental-and-african-studies/article/sukumari-bhattacharji-the-indian-theogony-a-comparative-study-of-indian-mythology-from-the-vedas-to-the-puranas-xiv-397-pp-cambridge-university-press-1970-7/099C59B4DF759179F5F64562249CFD45|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies|year=1971|language=en|volume=34|issue=1|pages=166–168|doi=10.1017/S0041977X00141862|s2cid=162594749 |issn=1474-0699|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

She was also a declared Marxist and involved and conversant with contemporary left activism.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-06-15|title=Sukumari Bhattacharji: Marxist, Atheist, Sanskritist|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/sukumari-bhattacharji-marxist-atheist-sanskritist/|access-date=2020-09-19|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> As the part of her social activism with collaboration with Yasodhara Bagchi, she had formed Sachetana in 1982 to provide aid to the under privileged girls for making them self-sufficient.<ref name=":1" />

== Books authored ==

* ''The Indian Theogony: A Comparative Study of Indian Mythology from the Vedas to the Puranas''
* ''Fatalism in Ancient India''<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bhargava|first=Rajeev|date=2020-05-14|title=The death of fatalism|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/the-death-of-fatalism/article31576678.ece|access-date=2020-09-19|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
* ''Legends of Devi''
* ''Buddhist hybrid Sanskrit literature''
* ''The Ramayana and the Mahabharata : comparative popularity''
* ''History of Classical Sanskrit Literature''
* ''Religion, Culture and Government''
* ''Fate and Fortune in the Indian scriptures''

== Reception ==
Historian [[Romila Thapar]] considered Bhattacharji as one of the 'foremost Indologists of her times'. The comparative analysis of the Indian Mythology<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhai Dooj, a Symbol of India's Timeless Family System|url=https://thewire.in/religion/bhai-dooj-a-symbol-of-indias-timeless-family-system|access-date=2020-09-19|website=The Wire}}</ref> and European mythology by Bhattacharji has been regarded as a valuable work as well.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-06-22|title=A note on Skumary Bahttacaryya by Romila Thapar|url=https://abasar.net/thapar.html|access-date=2020-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622010614/https://abasar.net/thapar.html|archive-date=2016-06-22}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhattacharji, Sukumari}}
[[Category:Indologists]]
[[Category:Bengali-language writers]]
[[Category:Presidency University, Kolkata alumni]]
[[Category:Indian Indologists]]
[[Category:Sanskrit scholars from Bengal]]
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:2014 deaths]]

L. S. Shashidhara

2026-02-08T09:20:32Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: new

{{Use British English|date=March 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = L. S. Shashidhara
| image = Prof. L S Shashidhara 2019.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Shashidhara in 2017
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1963|3|23}}
| birth_place = [[Karnataka]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| fields = {{ublist | [[Genetics]] | [[Developmental biology]] }}
| workplaces = {{ublist | [[Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology]] | [[Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research]] | [[Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research]] | [[Ashoka University]] }}
| alma_mater = {{ublist | [[University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad]] | [[University of Cambridge]] | [[National Centre for Biological Sciences]] }}
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_students =
| known_for = {{ublist | Studies on [[Drosophila]] | Science and Education}}
| awards = {{ublist | 2003 [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research|CSIR]] Technology Prize | 2006 DAE-SRC Outstanding Research Investigator Award | 2008 [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize]] }}
}}
'''Lingadahalli Subrahmanya Shashidhara''' (born 1963) is an Indian developmental biologist, geneticist and a professor of biology currently serving as the Centre Director of National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru, India. He was a Professor at the [[Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune]], and at [[Ashoka University]], Sonepat, India. He heads the LSS Laboratory at IISER<ref name="LSS Lab - Home">{{cite web | url=http://www.iiserpune.ac.in/~ls.shashidhara/ | title=LSS Lab Home | publisher=LSS Lab – IISER |year=2016 | access-date=26 October 2016}}</ref> and is known for his studies on [[Drosophila]], particularly the evolution of appendages and functions of [[homeotic selector gene]]s.<ref name="L S Shashidhara - Biography">{{cite web | url=http://www.sandhyasekar.com/conf/speaker/l-s-shashidhara/ | title=L S Shashidhara – Biography | work=2016 | publisher=IISER Thiruvananthapuram | access-date=26 October 2016 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He is a J. C. Bose National Fellow of the [[Department of Science and Technology (India)|Department of Science and Technology]] and an elected fellow of the [[Indian National Science Academy]],<ref name="Indian fellow - Shashidhara">{{cite web | url=http://insaindia.res.in/detail.php?id=P07-1446 | title=Indian fellow – Shashidhara | publisher=Indian National Science Academy |year=2016 | access-date=25 October 2016}}</ref> [[Indian Academy of Sciences]]<ref name="Fellow Profile - Shashidhara">{{cite web | url=http://www.ias.ac.in/describe/fellow/Shashidhara,_Prof._Lingadahalli_Subrahmanya | title=Fellow Profile – Shashidhara | publisher=Indian Academy of Sciences |year=2016 | access-date=25 October 2016}}</ref> and the [[National Academy of Sciences, India]].<ref name="NASI fellows">{{cite web | url=http://nasi.nic.in/fellows.asp?RsFilter=S | title=NASI fellows | publisher=National Academy of Sciences, India |year=2016 | access-date=26 October 2016}}</ref> The [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research]], the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology]], one of the highest Indian science awards, in 2008, for his contributions to biological sciences.<ref name="View Bhatnagar Awardees">{{cite web | url=http://ssbprize.gov.in/Content/AwardeeList.aspx | title=View Bhatnagar Awardees | publisher=Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize |year=2016 | access-date=5 October 2016}}</ref>

In 2018, L.S. Shashidhara was elected an Associate Member of [[European Molecular Biology Organization]] (EMBO), making him the third scientist from India to join a group of about 1800 researchers.

L. S. Shashidhara was elected as the president of the [http://www.iubs.org/ International Union of Biological Sciences (IUBS)] in the 33rd General Assembly of IUBS held during the [https://www.iubs100years.org/33rd-ga/new-executive-committee Centenary Year Event of IUBS], at Oslo, in 2019. On behalf of IUBS, Shashidhara is steering an international project on [https://tropicsu.org/ Climate Change Education (titled as TROP ICSU)]. This project is supported by many unions and UN organizations.

== Biography ==
L. S. Shashidhara, born on 23 March 1963 in the south Indian state of Karnataka, graduated in science from [[University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad]] (UAS) in 1985 and obtained a master's degree in Genetics and Plant breeding in 1987 from the same university.<ref name="Brief Biodata">{{cite web | url=http://www.ccmb.res.in/staff/shashi/publication.html | title=Brief Biodata | publisher=Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology |year=2016 | access-date=26 October 2016}}</ref> After a brief stint (1987–88) at UAS as a teaching associate, he moved to [[University of Cambridge]] in 1988 for his doctoral studies to secure a PhD in 1991. On completion of his post-doctoral studies at Cambridge (1991–93), he returned to India to join [[National Centre for Biological Sciences]] and worked as a visiting fellow for two years. Subsequently, he moved to [[Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology]] (CCMB) in 1995 as a scientist (group leader)<ref name="Drosophila Genetics & Developmental Biology">{{cite web | url=http://www.ccmb.res.in/staff/shashi/droso.html | title=Drosophila Genetics & Developmental Biology | publisher=CCMB |year=2016 | access-date=26 October 2016}}</ref> where he served until 2007 when he was transferred, on deputation, to the [[Pune]] centre of [[Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research]] (IISER) as a professor.<ref name="Prof. LS Shashidhara - LSS Lab">{{cite web | url=http://www.iiserpune.ac.in/~ls.shashidhara/lab-members/prof-ls-shashidhara-2.html | title=Prof. LS Shashidhara – LSS Lab | publisher=IISER, PUne |year=2016 | access-date=26 October 2016}}</ref> Since then, he has been serving the institute as a professor and has served as the chair of Biology and the coordinator of the department of biology.<ref name="Coordinator - Department of Biology">{{cite web | url=https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC2646550_JCB_200812123_Fig13&req=4 | title=Coordinator – Department of Biology | publisher=Open Access Biomedical Image Search Engine |year=2016 | access-date=26 October 2016}}</ref> He pursues his research interests as the head of the LSS Laboratory at IISER, where he hosts a number doctoral and postdoctoral scholars.<ref name="LSS Lab - Home" /> He also serves as an honorary professor at [[Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research]].<ref name="Prof. LS Shashidhara - LSS Lab" /> He served as the vice-president of the [[Indian National Science Academy]] from 2015 to 2017 and secretary general of the International Union of Biological Sciences from 2015-2019.

== Career ==
[[File:Drosophila melanogaster - side (aka).jpg|thumb|235px|Drosophila melanogaster]]
Shashidhara's research was focused on [[developmental biology]], specifically the development of limbs and the role played by [[Ultrabithorax]], a [[Hox gene]], functioning as a [[transcription factor]].<ref name="Handbook of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize Winners">{{cite web | url=http://www.csirhrdg.res.in/ssb.pdf | title=Handbook of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize Winners | publisher=Council of Scientific and Industrial Research | year=1999 | access-date=5 October 2016 | page=34 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043957/http://www.csirhrdg.res.in/ssb.pdf | archive-date=4 March 2016 }}</ref> Studying [[Drosophila melanogaster]] (commonly known as fruit fly) as a model, he elucidated the molecular pathways [[Wnt signaling pathway|Wnt]], [[TGF beta signaling pathway|TGF]]-? and [[Epidermal growth factor receptor|EGFR]]/Ras that impact growth control and developed a ''fly model'' for studying [[Adenomatous polyposis coli]], the [[colon cancer]] gene in humans. His studies are reported to have assisted in a wider understanding of the relation between genes and diseases in humans and in the development of cancer drug discovery systems.<ref name="Indian fellow - Shashidhara" /> His research findings have been published in a number of articles{{Refn|group=note|25 of his articles are reported to be high-impact articles<ref name="Indian fellow - Shashidhara" />}} published in peer-reviewed journals,<ref name="Publication by Fellows">{{cite web | url=http://repository.ias.ac.in/view/fellows/Shashidhara=3ALingadahalli_Subrahmanya=3A=3A.html | title=Publication by Fellows | work=Article listing | publisher=Indian Academy of Sciences |year=2016 | access-date=26 October 2016}}</ref> several of them have been listed in online article repositories such as [[Metascience (journal)|Metascience]],<ref name="Lingadahalli Subrahmanya Shashidhara on Metascience">{{cite web | url=https://meta.science/author/102377886_lingadahalli_subrahmanya_shashidhara | title=Lingadahalli Subrahmanya Shashidhara on Metascience | publisher=Metascience | year=2016 | access-date=26 October 2016 | archive-date=1 November 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161101164757/https://meta.science/author/102377886_lingadahalli_subrahmanya_shashidhara }}</ref> [[PubMed]],<ref name="Shashidhara on PubMed">{{PubMedAuthorSearch|Shashidhara|LS}}</ref> and [[ResearchGate]].<ref name="Lingadahalli S Shashidhara on ResearchGate">{{cite web | url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lingadahalli_Shashidhara/publications | title=Lingadahalli S Shashidhara on ResearchGate |year=2016 | access-date=26 October 2016}}</ref> He has also published many general articles and has delivered keynote addresses and featured talks.<ref name="Behavioural Adaptations and Evolution">{{cite web | url=http://cscs.res.in/events_folder/talks-and-work-in-progress/cscsevent.2010-02-25.1865742899 | title=Behavioural Adaptations and Evolution | work=Featured talk | publisher=Centre for the Study of Culture and Society | date=11 March 2010 | access-date=26 October 2016 | author=L. S. Shashidhara}}</ref><ref name="Cell Biology of Organ Development in Drosophila">{{cite web | url=http://www.sandhyasekar.com/conf/session/l-s-shashidhara/ | title=Cell Biology of Organ Development in Drosophila | publisher=IISER | date=7 December 2015 | access-date=26 October 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104071245/http://www.sandhyasekar.com/conf/session/l-s-shashidhara/ | archive-date=4 November 2016 }}</ref> He served as the secretary-general of the [[International Union of Biological Sciences]] (IUBS),<ref name="IUBS Officers and Executive Committee Members">{{cite web | url=https://www.iubs.org/iubs/currentboard.html | title=IUBS Officers and Executive Committee Members | publisher=International Union of Biological Sciences | year=2016 | access-date=26 October 2016 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> during 2015–2019 and is associated with the ''[[Journal of Genetics]]'' and ''[[Current Science]]'' as their associate editor and with ''[[Scientific Reports]]'' as a member of its editorial board.<ref name="Prof. LS Shashidhara - LSS Lab" />

== Awards and honours ==
Shashidhara, a [[Jagadish Chandra Bose|J. C. Bose]] National Fellow of the [[Department of Science and Technology (India)|Department of Science and Technology]], received the Technology Prize in Biological Sciences of the [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research]] in 2003<ref name="Prof. LS Shashidhara elected Vice President of the Indian National Science Academy">{{cite web |date=13 January 2016 |title=Prof. LS Shashidhara elected Vice President of the Indian National Science Academy |url=http://www.iiserpune.ac.in/news/prof-ls-shashidhara-elected-vice-president-of-the-indian-national-science-academy |access-date=26 October 2016 |publisher=IISER Pune News}}</ref> and the Outstanding Research Investigator Award of the Science Research Council of the [[Department of Atomic Energy]] in 2006.<ref name="Prof. LS Shashidhara - LSS Lab" /> The Indian academy of Sciences elected him as a fellow in 2007 and he became an elected fellow of the Indian National Science Academy<ref name="Indian fellow - Shashidhara" /> and the National Academy of Sciences, India in 2008. The same year he received the [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize]] of the [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research]], one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to Biological Sciences.<ref name="View Bhatnagar Awardees" /> In 2018, L.S. Shashidhara has been elected an Associate Member of [[European Molecular Biology Organization]] (EMBO). He is currently elected as the president of [http://www.iubs.org/ International Union Of Biological Sciences.]

== Selected bibliography ==

=== Scientific articles ===

* {{cite journal |last1=Vaid |first1=Pooja M. |last2=Puntambekar |first2=Anirudha K. |last3=Jumle |first3=Nutan S. |last4=Banale |first4=Rituja A. |last5=Ansari |first5=Danish |last6=Reddy |first6=Ruhi R. |last7=Unde |first7=Rohini R. |last8=Namewar |first8=Namrata P. |last9=Kelkar |first9=Devaki A. |last10=Shashidhara |first10=L. S. |last11=Koppiker |first11=Chaitanyanand B. |last12=Kulkarni |first12=Madhura D. |title=Evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in molecular subtypes of an Indian cohort of breast cancer patients |journal=Diagnostic Pathology |date=21 November 2022 |volume=17 |issue=1 |page=91 |doi=10.1186/s13000-022-01271-y |pmid=36411483 |pmc=9677664 |doi-access=free }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Mave |first1=Vidya |last2=Shaikh |first2=Arsh |last3=Monteiro |first3=Joy Merwin |last4=Bogam |first4=Prasad |last5=Pujari |first5=Bhalchandra S. |last6=Gupte |first6=Nikhil |title=Association of national and regional lockdowns with COVID-19 infection rates in Pune, India |journal=Scientific Reports |date=21 June 2022 |volume=12 |issue=1 |page=10446 |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-14674-0 |pmid=35729206 |pmc=9212203 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1210446M }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Bogam |first1=Prasad |last2=Joshi |first2=Aparna |last3=Nagarkar |first3=Sanket |last4=Jain |first4=Divyashri |last5=Gupte |first5=Nikhil |last6=Shashidhara |first6=Ls |last7=Monteiro |first7=Joy Merwin |last8=Mave |first8=Vidya |title=Burden of COVID-19 and case fatality rate in Pune, India: an analysis of the first and second wave of the pandemic |journal=IJID Regions |date=March 2022 |volume=2 |pages=74–81 |doi=10.1016/j.ijregi.2021.12.006 |pmid=35721428 |pmc=8690685 |s2cid=235632750 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Rahman |first1=Ayesha |last2=Shashidhara |first2=Lingadahalli S. |title=Analyzing the influence of IL18 in regulation of YAP1 in breast oncogenesis using cBioportal |journal=Cancer Reports |date=March 2022 |volume=5 |issue=3 |article-number=e1484 |doi=10.1002/cnr2.1484 |pmid=34196131 |pmc=8955059 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Chakraborty |first1=Anirban |last2=Kumar |first2=Sumit |last3=Shashidhara |first3=L. S. |last4=Taneja |first4=Anjali |title=Building Sustainable Societies through Purpose-Driven Universities: A Case Study from Ashoka University (India) |journal=Sustainability |date=2 July 2021 |volume=13 |issue=13 |page=7423 |doi=10.3390/su13137423 |doi-access=free }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Busheri |first1=Laleh |last2=Dixit |first2=Santosh |last3=Nare |first3=Smeeta |last4=Alhat |first4=Rashmi |last5=Thomas |first5=George |last6=Jagtap |first6=Mangal |last7=Navgire |first7=Ruth |last8=Shinde |first8=Priya |last9=Banale |first9=Rituja |last10=Unde |first10=Rohini |last11=Reddy |first11=Ruhi |last12=Shaikh |first12=Shahin |last13=Konnur |first13=Aishwarya |last14=Namewar |first14=Namrata |last15=Bapat |first15=Ashwini |last16=Patil |first16=Ankita |last17=Johari |first17=Rateeka |last18=Kushwaha |first18=Roli |last19=Kumari |first19=Wimpy |last20=Varghese |first20=Beenu |last21=Deshpande |first21=Pooja |last22=Deshmukh |first22=Chetan |last23=Kelkar |first23=Devaki A. |last24=Shashidhara |first24=L S |last25=Koppiker |first25=Chaitanyanand B |last26=Kulkarni |first26=Madhura |title=Breast cancer biobank from a single institutional cohort in an urban setting in india: Tumor characteristics and survival outcomes |journal=Cancer Treatment and Research Communications |date=2021 |volume=28 |article-number=100409 |doi=10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100409 |pmid=34098400 |s2cid=235369714 |doi-access=free }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Paul |first1=Rachel |last2=Giraud |first2=Guillaume |last3=Domsch |first3=Katrin |last4=Duffraisse |first4=Marilyne |last5=Marmigère |first5=Frédéric |last6=Khan |first6=Soumen |last7=Vanderperre |first7=Solene |last8=Lohmann |first8=Ingrid |last9=Stoks |first9=Robby |last10=Shashidhara |first10=L. S. |last11=Merabet |first11=Samir |title=Hox dosage contributes to flight appendage morphology in Drosophila |journal=Nature Communications |date=17 May 2021 |volume=12 |issue=1 |page=2892 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-23293-8 |pmid=34001903 |pmc=8129201 |bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2892P }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Nagarkar |first1=Sanket |last2=Wasnik |first2=Ruchi |last3=Govada |first3=Pravallika |last4=Cohen |first4=Stephen |last5=Shashidhara |first5=L S |title=Promoter Proximal Pausing Limits Tumorous Growth Induced by the Yki Transcription Factor in Drosophila |journal=Genetics |date=September 2020 |volume=216 |issue=1 |pages=67–77 |doi=10.1534/genetics.120.303419 |pmid=32737120 |pmc=7463282 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Groth |first1=Casper |last2=Vaid |first2=Pooja |last3=Khatpe |first3=Aditi |last4=Prashali |first4=Nelchi |last5=Ahiya |first5=Avantika |last6=Andrejeva |first6=Diana |last7=Chakladar |first7=Madhumita |last8=Nagarkar |first8=Sanket |last9=Paul |first9=Rachel |last10=Kelkar |first10=Devaki |last11=Eichenlaub |first11=Teresa |last12=Herranz |first12=Hector |last13=Sridhar |first13=Ts |last14=Cohen |first14=Stephen M |last15=Shashidhara |first15=Ls |title=Genome-Wide Screen for Context-Dependent Tumor Suppressors Identified Using in Vivo Models for Neoplasia in Drosophila |journal=G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics |date=September 2020 |volume=10 |issue=9 |pages=2999–3008 |doi=10.1534/g3.120.401545 |pmid=32737065 |pmc=7467006 |s2cid=220909235 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Kulkarni |first1=Apurv |last2=Kelkar |first2=Devaki A. |last3=Parikh |first3=Nidhi |last4=Shashidhara |first4=Lingadahalli S. |last5=Koppiker |first5=Chaitanyanand B. |last6=Kulkarni |first6=Madhura |title=Meta-Analysis of Prevalence of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Its Clinical Features at Incidence in Indian Patients With Breast Cancer |journal=JCO Global Oncology |date=November 2020 |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=1052–1062 |doi=10.1200/go.20.00054 |pmid=32639876 |pmc=7392736 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=De las Heras |first1=José M. |last2=García-Cortés |first2=Celia |last3=Foronda |first3=David |last4=Pastor-Pareja |first4=José Carlos |last5=Shashidhara |first5=L. S. |last6=Sánchez-Herrero |first6=Ernesto |title=The Drosophila Hox gene Ultrabithorax controls appendage shape by regulating extracellular matrix dynamics |journal=Development |date=2018 |volume=145 |issue=13 |doi=10.1242/dev.161844 |pmid=29853618 |s2cid=46923499 |doi-access=free }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Shukla |first1=Jay Prakash |last2=Deshpande |first2=Girish |last3=Shashidhara |first3=L. S. |title=Ataxin-2 binding protein 1 is a context-specific positive regulator of Notch signaling during neurogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster |journal=Development |date=2017 |volume=144 |issue=5 |pages=905–915 |doi=10.1242/dev.140657 |pmid=28174239 |pmc=5374347 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Singh |first1=Savita |last2=Sánchez-Herrero |first2=Ernesto |last3=Shashidhara |first3=L.S. |title=Critical role for Fat/Hippo and IIS/Akt pathways downstream of Ultrabithorax during haltere specification in Drosophila |journal=Mechanisms of Development |date=November 2015 |volume=138 |pages=198–209 |doi=10.1016/j.mod.2015.07.017 |pmid=26299254 |s2cid=5013529 |doi-access=free |hdl=10261/133365 |hdl-access=free }}
*{{cite journal | title=A comparative genomic analysis of targets of Hox protein Ultrabithorax amongst distant insect species | author=Naveen Prasad, Shreeharsha Tarikere, Dhanashree Khanale, Farhat Habib, Lingadahalli S Shashidhara | journal=Scientific Reports | date=June 2016 | volume=6 | article-number=27885 | doi=10.1038/srep27885 | pmid=27296678 | pmc=4906271| bibcode=2016NatSR...627885P }}
* {{cite book | chapter=ChIP for Hox Proteins from Drosophila Imaginal Discs | author=Pavan Agrawal, Lingadahalli S Shashidhara | title=Hox Genes | series=Methods in Molecular Biology | date=August 2013 | volume=1196 | pages=241–253 | doi=10.1007/978-1-4939-1242-1_15| pmid=25151168 | isbn=978-1-4939-1241-4 }}
* {{cite journal | title=Distinct Transcriptional Networks in Quiescent Myoblasts: A Role for Wnt Signaling in Reversible vs. Irreversible Arrest | author=Sindhu Subramaniam, Prethish Sreenivas, Sirisha Cheedipudi, Vatrapu Rami Reddy, Lingadahalli S Shashidhara, Ravi Kumar Chilukoti, Madhavi Mylavarapu, Jyotsna Dhawan | journal=PLOS ONE | date=June 2013 | volume=8 | issue=6 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0065097 | pmid=23755177 | pmc=3670900 | article-number=e65097| bibcode=2013PLoSO...865097S | doi-access=free }}
* {{cite journal | title=Drosophila apc regulates delamination of invasive epithelial clusters | author=F M De Graeve, Véronique Van De Bor, C Ghiglione, Stephane Noselli | journal=Developmental Biology | date=May 2012 | volume=368 | issue=1 | pages=76–85 | doi=10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.05.017 | pmid=22627290| doi-access=free }}
* {{cite journal | title=Negative regulation ofUltrabithorax expression byengrailed is required for proper specification of wing development inDrosophila melanogaster | author=Bright Starling Emerald, Lingadahalli S Shashidhara | journal=Journal of Genetics | date=April 2012 | volume=1 | issue=79 | pages=61–70 | doi=10.1007/BF02728947| s2cid=20816658 }}
* {{cite journal | title=Genome-level identification of targets of Hox protein Ultrabithorax in Drosophila: novel mechanisms for target selection | author=Pavan Agrawal, Farhat Habib, Ramesh Yelagandula, L. S. Shashidharaa | journal=Scientific Reports | date=December 2011 | volume=1 | issue=205 | page=205 | doi=10.1038/srep00205 | pmid=22355720 | pmc=3244697| bibcode=2011NatSR...1..205A }}
* {{cite journal | title=The Drosophila Homologue of Ataxin-2 Binding Protein: Toward a Fruit Fly Model of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2? | author=N Usha, LS Shashidhara | journal=Alternatives to Laboratory Animals | date=March 2011 | volume=39 | issue=1 | page=70}}
* {{cite journal | title=Human APC sequesters β-catenin even in the absence of GSK-3β in a Drosophila model | author=P R Rao, Kalpana Makhijani, Lingadahalli S Shashidhara | journal=Oncogene | date=May 2008 | volume=27 | issue=17 | pages=2488–93 | doi=10.1038/sj.onc.1210890| pmid=17968317 | doi-access=free }}

=== General Articles, Books and Policy Documents ===
* {{cite journal | title=Edward B Lewis (1918–2004) | author=Lingadahalli S Shashidhara | journal=Journal of Genetics | date=August 2004 | volume=83 | issue=2 | page=219 | doi=10.1007/BF02729900| s2cid=32404226 | doi-access=free }}
*L. S. Shashidhara (2010) Convener, Vision Group of [[Indian National Science Academy|INSA]] which drafted a [http://insaindia.res.in/pdf/INSA_Vision_2010.pdf Vision document for Indian Science in 2010]
* {{cite journal | url=https://indiabioscience.org/columns/opinion/what-is-interdisciplinary-science | title=What is interdisciplinary science? | author=L. S. Shashidhara | journal=IndiaBioscience | date=10 July 2011}}
* {{cite journal | url=https://indiabioscience.org/columns/education/science-education-and-research-in-21st-century-india | title=Science education and research in 21st century India | author=L. S. Shashidhara | journal=IndiaBioscience | date=16 July 2011}}
* {{cite journal | url=https://indiabioscience.org/columns/opinion/postdoctoral-culture | title=Postdoctoral Culture | author=L. S. Shashidhara | journal=IndiaBioscience | date=3 August 2011}}
* {{cite journal | url=https://indiabioscience.org/columns/opinion/democracy-in-our-research-organizations | title=Democracy in our research organizations | author=L. S. Shashidhara | journal=IndiaBioscience | date=31 August 2011}}
* {{cite journal | url=https://indiabioscience.org/columns/indian-scenario/understanding-bureaucracy | title=Understanding bureaucracy | author=L. S. Shashidhara | journal=IndiaBioscience | date=3 December 2011}}
* {{cite journal|title=Who are 'people of genius'?|url=http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/107/05/0731.pdf|author=Lingadahalli S Shashidhara|journal=Current Science|date=September 2014|volume=107|issue=5|pages=731–732}}
* {{cite journal | url=https://indiabioscience.org/columns/indian-scenario/as-iisers-enter-their-10th-year-a-self-congratulatory-note-on-biology-research | title=As IISERs enter their 10th year, a self-congratulatory note on Biology research | author=L. S. Shashidhara | journal=IndiaBioscience | date=16 December 2015}}
*(2017–18) Commissioned and Edited, an anthology on "[https://www.insaindia.res.in/pdf/ISTI.pdf Impact of Science in Independent India]"
*L. S. Shashidhara (10 January 2017) Co-author: "[http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/112/01/0015.pdf Scientific advancements in Independent India. Current Science, Vol. 112]"

=== Selected Videos and Podcasts ===
*"[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYpsTaUx3YQ Science for Society: Science to Fight Covid-19 and Cancer: Perspectives from Pune]", by Pune International Center (2021)
*"[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jxCYiupRV5Y A journey in science...a journey in life]", by BIIS (2021)
*"[https://www.youtube.com/embed/oVq-aRqtFBY Science on the Pandemic and Science through the Pandemic]", a webinar as a part of the Vigyan Setu Webinar Series by INSA-INYAS (2020)
*"[https://council.science/podcast/ Gender Equality in Science]", a podcast by the [[International Science Council]], as a part of the celebration of '[https://en.unesco.org/events/international-day-women-and-girls-science International Day of Women and Girls in Science]', at [[UNESCO]] (2020)
*"[https://www.facebook.com/TalkingItUp/videos/993392667806694/ COVID-19 and Animals: doubts clarified]", by Talking It Up (2020)
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pEQe7rx4boE "Leadership and Mentoring"], at the [https://sites.google.com/view/felixbast/webinars/slw] Science Leadership Workshop, (2020)
*"[http://webtv.un.org/search/part-6-sdgs-learning-training-practice-hlpf-2019-side-event/6058115838001/?term=HLPF&lan=english&sort=date&page=3 SDGs Learning, Training & Practice]" as a part of the [[High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development|High-level Political Forum]], by the [[United Nations]] (2019)
* "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhoJwxhwfZE Why and how to integrate research and education?]", uploaded by [https://indiabioscience.org/ IndiaBioScience] (2019)
* "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qc7BiRfoW10 QnA session with Professor L S Shashidhara, IISER Pune]", uploaded by [http://www.livingscience.in/ LivingScience] (2016)
* "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7hBlpX4rJ_s Eureka with Prof L S Shashidhara]", uploaded by [[Rajya Sabha TV|Rajya Sabha Television]], an Indian public broadcast service (2016)
* "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IV2qcRsE3Iw Impact of Science on Society]", uploaded by [http://www.livingscience.in/ LivingScience] (2016)
* "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0w9jCnCk6Xk NCBS Talk 1]", uploaded by [https://www.ncbs.res.in/blisc Bangalore Life Sciences Cluster] (2010)

== See also ==
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Drosophila melanogaster]]
* [[Homeotic selector gene]]
* [[Adenomatous polyposis coli]]
* [[Ultrabithorax]]
{{div col end}}
{{portal|India|Biology}}

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=note}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web | url=http://www.imsc.res.in/~sitabhra/meetings/school10/Shashidhara_Chennai2010_lecture3.pdf | title=Hox genes and evolution of body plan | work=Lecture – full text | publisher=Indian Institute of Science Education and Research |year=2010 | access-date=26 October 2016 | author=L. S. Shashidhara}}
* {{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0w9jCnCk6Xk | title=NCBS talk 1 | work=Lecture – YouTube video | publisher=TheNCBSnewsteam's channel | date=22 September 2010 | access-date=26 October 2016 | author=L. S. Shashidhara}}

{{SSBPST recipients in Biological Science}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shashidhara, L. S.}}
[[Category:Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Biological Science]]
[[Category:1963 births]]
[[Category:Scientists from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Cambridge]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the National Centre for Biological Sciences]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian biologists]]
[[Category:Indian geneticists]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Indian Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Indian National Science Academy]]
[[Category:Fellows of the National Academy of Sciences, India]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune]]
[[Category:Presidents of the International Union of Biological Sciences]]

T. V. Rathnam

2026-02-02T22:10:42Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: small changes

{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2017}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = T. V. Rathnam
| image = TVRathinam.jpg
| alt =
| caption = T. V. Rathnam in late 1940s
| birth_name = Tenkasi Vallinayagam Rathnam
| birth_date = 1930
| birth_place = [[Tenkasi]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]] (now [[Tamil Nadu]], India)
| death_date = {{death date and age|1984|10|17|1930|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Madras]] (now [[Chennai]]), [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]
| origin =
| instrument = Vocalist
| genre = [[Film music]] ([[playback singer|playback singing]]), [[Indian classical music]]
| occupation = Singer
| years_active =
| website =
}}

'''Tenkasi Vallinayagam Rathnam''' ({{langx|ta|தென்காசி வள்ளிநாயகம் (டி.வி.) ரத்தினம்}}) (1930 - 17 October 1984) <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.veethi.com/india-people/t._v._rathinam-profile-13970-24.htm|title = T. V. Rathinam}}</ref> hailed from [[Tenkasi]], [[Madras Presidency]], British India. She was a playback singer for Tamil films.

==Early life==
Born in [[Tenkasi]] to Vallinayagam Pillai and Aavudai Ammal in 1929. Rathnam had learned music from the age of seven under a guru called Ramalinga Aachari, and gave her first full-fledged concert in Sri Lanka. She became a drama artiste and film artist as a child. Pursued her tutelage under [[Ramnad Krishnan|Vidhwan Ramnad Krishnan]] at the age at 12 which paved way for playback singing later.

Married to Visvanathan Pillai in 1947.

Then she moved on to [[playback singer|playback singing]] in the [[Tamil film industry]].

==Career life==
She was 10 years old when she acted in Bhaktha Chetha in 1940 for the Madras United Artitstes. She then acted as the child Kannagi in ''[[Kannagi (1942 film)|Kannagi]]'' in 1942 for the [[Jupiter Pictures]] and also sang her own song. In the meantime, she had continued her training under [[Ramnad Krishnan]], and later trained under [[Chembai Vaidyanatha Bhagavatar]].

Rathnam was a much sought after singer in the late 1940s and 1950s. She became popular with the film music directors of that era who had worked with her repeatedly.

Rathnam became famous by her songs in ''[[Miss Malini]]'' (1947) by the Gemini Studios. She also had a rare chance in ''[[Ponmudi (1950 film)|Ponmudi]]'' (1950) by [[Modern Theatres]] when the music director the great [[G. Ramanathan]] had sung the songs by his composition, himself. He had chosen TVR to pair him as the female singer for him.<ref>"''Miss Malini ''1947" [https://web.archive.org/web/20080728124200/http://www.hindu.com/cp/2008/07/25/stories/2008072550391600.htm The Hindu]</ref>

=== Music composers she sang for ===
{{columns-list |colwidth=15em|
* V. S. Parthasarathy Iyengar
* [[S. V. Venkatraman]]
* [[M. D. Parthasarathy]]
* [[S. Rajeswara Rao]]
* Parur S. Anantharaman
* [[S. M. Subbaiah Naidu]]
* [[C. R. Subburaman]]
* [[R. Sudarsanam]]
* [[G. Ramanathan]]
* [[G. Govindarajulu Naidu]]
* [[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
* [[Robin Chatterjee]]
* [[T. G. Lingappa]]
* [[K. V. Mahadevan]]
* [[C. S. Jayaraman]]
* [[K. N. Dandayudhapani Pillai]]
* [[S. Dakshinamurthi]]
* [[T. R. Pappa]]
* [[T. Chalapathi Rao]]
* [[V. Dakshinamoorthy]]
* T. R. Ramanathan
* Krishnamurthi & Nagaraja Iyer
* [[S. Hanumantha Rao]]
* [[Master Venu]]
* T. M. Ibrahim
* M. S. Gnanamani
* [[Pendyala Nageswara Rao]]
* N. S. Balakrishnan
* [[O. P. Nayyar]]
* [[C. Ramchandra]]
* [[Vedha (composer)|Vedha]]
* [[C. N. Pandurangan]]
* Meenakshi Subramanyam
* Tiruvenkadu Selvarathinam
* [[M. Ranga Rao]]
* [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantasala]]
* [[P. Adinarayana Rao]]
* Hussein Reddy
* [[G. K. Venkatesh]]
* [[M. S. Viswanathan]]
* [[V. Kumar]]
}}

===Playback singers she sang with===
She had many solo songs but also sang with other singers. Many of her duets are with [[S. C. Krishnan]], [[T. M. Soundararajan]] and [[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]]. Others are [[G. Ramanathan]], [[A. M. Rajah]], M. M. Mariappa, T. A. Mothi, [[Thiruchi Loganathan]], [[C. R. Subburaman]], [[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[S. V. Ramanan]], V. J. Varma, V. T. Rajagopalan and S. V. Ponnusamy.

She also sang duets with female singers with most notably with [[P. Leela]] and [[A. P. Komala]]. Others include [[P. Susheela]], [[N. L. Ganasaraswathi]], K. V. Janaki, T. R. Bhagirathi, [[Jikki]], [[K. Jamuna Rani]], [[Radha Jayalakshmi]], [[A. G. Rathnamala]], [[M. L. Vasanthakumari]], [[L. R. Eswari]], [[Soolamangalam Sisters|Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi]], Swarnalatha and G. Kasthoori.

The singing actors she sang with were [[T. R. Mahalingam (actor)|T. R. Mahalingam]], [[K. R. Ramasamy (actor)|K. R. Ramasamy]] and K. S. Angamuthu.

==Filmography==

===Playback singer===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Film !! Language !! Song !! Music !! Co-singer
|-
| 1940 || ''[[Bhaktha Chetha]]'' || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || ''Mohana Muralidharaa'' || V. S. Parthasarathy Iyengar ||
|-
| 1942 || ''[[Kannagi (1942 film)|Kannagi]]'' || Tamil || ''Maalaakinen Swaami'' || [[S. V. Venkatraman]] ||
|-
| 1944 || ''[[Dasi Aparanji]]'' || Tamil || ''Kaanavendum Kayilaiyai'' || [[M. D. Parthasarathy]] & [[S. Rajeswara Rao]] ||
|-
| rowspan=5|1947 || rowspan=5|''[[Miss Malini]]'' || rowspan=5|Tamil || ''Jegame Oru Chiththira Salai'' || rowspan=5|[[S. Rajeswara Rao]] & Parur S. Anantharaman ||
|-
| ''Sri Saraswathi Namosthuthe'' ||
|-
| ''Paadum Radio Buttonai Thiruppi Vittaa'' ||
|-
| ''Senthamizh Naadu Sezhithidave'' ||
|-
| ''Mylapore Vakkeelathu'' ||
|-
| 1947 || ''[[Rajakumari (1947 film)|Rajakumari]]'' || Tamil || ''Paattil Enna Solven Paangi'' || [[S. M. Subbaiah Naidu]] || [[K. V. Janaki]]
|-
| rowspan=2|1948 || rowspan=2|''[[Chakradhari (1948 film)|Chakradhari]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Thaalo Thaalo.... Kanne Thaalelo'' || rowspan=2|[[M. D. Parthasarathy]] ||
|-
| ''Vaa Vaa Ambuliye'' ||
|-
| 1948 || ''[[Mohini (1948 film)|Mohini]]'' || Tamil || ''Vasandha Maalai Neram'' || [[S. M. Subbaiah Naidu]] & [[C. R. Subburaman]] || M. M. Mariyappa
|-
| rowspan=2|1948 || rowspan=2|''[[Vedhala Ulagam]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || | ''Velaar Vizhi Maadhai Manam Seiya'' || rowspan=2|[[R. Sudarsanam]] ||
|-
| ''Gopiyar Konjum Ramana'' ||
|-
| 1949 || ''[[Inbavalli]]'' || Tamil || ''Naadhaa En Aasai Neere'' || [[G. Ramanathan]] || [[T. R. Mahalingam (actor)|T. R. Mahalingam]]
|-
| 1949 || ''[[Navajeevanam]]'' || Tamil || ''Aasai Anugraha Maaraa'' || [[S. V. Venkataraman]] ||
|-
| rowspan=4|1949 || rowspan=4|''[[Velaikaari]]'' || rowspan=4|Tamil || | ''Ada Varuvaayaa Kannaa'' || rowspan=4|[[C. R. Subburaman]] ||
|-
|''Laali Laali suba Laali Laali'' || [[P. Leela]]
|-
| ''Vaazhiya Needoozhi Paguttharivaalar'' || [[K. V. Janaki]]
|-
| ''Ulagatthile Unnadhamaai Uyarndha'' ||
|-
| rowspan=2|1950 || rowspan=2|''[[Krishna Vijayam]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Bageeradhi Ennadi Aniyaayam Idhu'' || rowspan=2|[[S. M. Subbaiah Naidu]] || [[P. Leela]], K. V. Janaki, T. R. Bhagirathi & K. S. Angamuthu
|-
| ''Vaasuki Paambu Thaampaki'' || [[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|-
| rowspan=5|1950 || rowspan=5|''[[Parijatham (1950 film)|Parijatham]]'' || rowspan=5|Tamil || ''Vaan Nilavae Mana Mohana'' || rowspan=5|[[S. V. Venkatraman]] & [[C. R. Subburaman]] || [[T. R. Mahalingam (actor)|T. R. Mahalingam]]
|-
| ''Maaya Chirrippile'' ||
|-
| ''Madhiyaa Vidhiyaa'' || [[C. R. Subburaman]]
|-
| ''Thane Varuvaaradi'' ||
|-
| ''Enadhannai Unnai Peidhe'' ||
|-
| rowspan=5|1950 || rowspan=5|''[[Ponmudi (1950 film)|Ponmudi]]'' || rowspan=5|Tamil || ''Neela Vanum Nilavum Pol'' || rowspan=5|[[G. Ramanathan]] || [[G. Ramanathan]]
|-
| ''Van Mazhaiyindri Vadidum Payir Pola'' || [[G. Ramanathan]]
|-
| ''Aruyire Premai Amudha Variyil'' || [[G. Ramanathan]]
|-
| ''Meikadhal Arumbu Vazhvinile Poothathe Indre'' || [[G. Ramanathan]]
|-
| ''En Prema Rooba... Inbathin Ellai Idhuthana'' ||
|-
| 1950 || ''[[Vijayakumari (film)|Vijayakumari]]'' || Tamil || ''Kondaadum Suba'' || [[C. R. Subburaman]] || [[P. Leela]]
|-
| rowspan=2|1951 || rowspan=2|''[[Marmayogi]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Manathukisaindha Raajaa'' || rowspan=2|[[S. M. Subbaiah Naidu]] ||
|-
| ''Ah... Inbam Iravil Amaidhiyile'' ||
|-
| rowspan=8|1952 || rowspan=8|''[[Andhaman Kaidhi]]'' || rowspan=8|Tamil || ''Anju Rooba Nottai Konjam MinnE Maatthi'' || rowspan=8|[[G. Govindarajulu Naidu]] ||
|-
| ''Mayangaadhe Madhi Mayangaadhe'' ||
|-
| ''Inbam Neruma En Vaazhvil Inbam Neruma'' ||
|-
| ''College Padippukku Goodbye'' || | [[A. P. Komala]]
|-
| ''Padipodu Nalla Panbumirundhal'' ||
|-
| ''Ennaasai Kannaatti Unnai'' ||
|-
| ''Aasai Kili Pol Pesum'' || [[A. P. Komala]]
|-
| ''Aiyaamaare Unga Kaiyaale'' || [[A. P. Komala]]
|-
| 1952 || ''[[Panam (1952 film)|Panam]]'' || Tamil || ''Idhayathai Irumbaakki ....Manamudaiyorai Manidhargal'' || [[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]] ||
|-
| 1952 || ''[[Zamindar (1952 film)|Jameenthar]]'' || Tamil || ''Enakkum Unakkum Isaintha'' || [[G. Ramanathan]] ||
|-
| 1953 || ''[[Manithan (1953 film)|Manithan]]'' || Tamil || ''Meesai Naraichavan Pendaatti'' || [[S. V. Venkatraman]] ||
|-
| rowspan=3|1953 || rowspan=3|''[[Ratna Deepam]]'' || rowspan=3|Tamil || ''Kandadhu Mudhal Aasai Konden'' || rowspan=3|[[Robin Chatterjee]] ||
|-
| ''Yaaro Idhai Sitrinbam Enbaar'' ||
|-
| ''Pagaivanukarulvaai'' ||
|-
| 1954 || ''[[Kalyanam Panniyum Brammachari]]'' || Tamil || ''Naagareegama Idhu Naagareegama'' || [[T. G. Lingappa]] ||
|-
| rowspan=2|1954 || rowspan=2|''[[Koondukkili]]'' ||rowspan=2| Tamil || ''Solla Vallaayo Kiliye'' || rowspan=2|[[K. V. Mahadevan]] ||
|-
| ''Aanandhamaai Vaazha Vendume'' ||
|-
| rowspan=2|1954 || rowspan=2|''[[Manohara (film)|Manohara]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Nilaavile Ullaasamaaga Paadalaam'' || rowspan=2|[[S. V. Venkatraman]] || [[T. A. Mothi]]
|-
| ''Ennai Paar Ennazhagai Paaru'' ||
|-
| rowspan=2|1954 || rowspan=2|''[[Ratha Kanneer]]'' ||rowspan=2| Tamil || ''Aalai Aaaai Paarkkiraar'' || rowspan=2|[[C. S. Jayaraman]] ||
|-
| ''Maalai Itta Mannan Yaaro'' ||
|-
| rowspan=3|1954 || rowspan=3|''[[Sorgavasal]]'' || rowspan=3|Tamil || ''Raajaathi Raajan Namma Raaja'' || rowspan=3|[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]] ||
|-
| ''Sandhosham Theda Vendum Vaazhvile'' || [[Thiruchi Loganathan]]
|-
| ''Veeram Serindha Mugam'' || [[K. R. Ramasamy (actor)|K. R. Ramasamy]]
|-
| rowspan=2|1954 || rowspan=2|''[[Thuli Visham]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Ennai Ariyaamal Perugudhu Inbamthaan'' || rowspan=2|[[K. N. Dandayudhapani Pillai]] || V. J. Varma
|-
| ''Neengal Varavendum Dhuraiye'' ||
|-
| 1954 || ''[[Viduthalai (1954 film)|Viduthalai]]'' || Tamil || ''Boologame Pugazhum'' || Lakshman Raghunath ||
|-
| 1954 || ''[[Vipra Narayana]]'' || [[Telugu language|Telugu]] || ''Thom Thathaara Thaane Thathiranaa'' || [[S. Rajeswara Rao]] ||
|-
| 1955 || ''[[Asai Anna Arumai Thambi]]'' || Tamil || ''Irandha Kaala Vaazhvai Enni'' || [[K. V. Mahadevan]] ||
|-
| 1955 || ''[[Gomathiyin Kaadhalan]]'' || Tamil || ''Sirpa Kalai Vizhaavin Arpudhangalukkellaam'' || [[G. Ramanathan]] || [[P. Leela]] & [[Radha Jayalakshmi]]
|-
| 1955 || ''[[Maaman Magal (1955 film)|Maaman Magal]]'' || Tamil || ''Dhevi Neeye Thunai'' || [[S. V. Venkatraman]] ||
|-
| rowspan=2|1955 || rowspan=2|''[[Maheswari (film)|Maheswari]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Alli Veesunga Panatthai Alli Veesunga'' || rowspan=2|[[G. Ramanathan]] ||
|-
| ''Aagaaya Veedhiyile.... Paarum Thannaale'' ||
|-
| rowspan=2|1955 || rowspan=2|''[[Mangaiyar Thilakam]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Ketta Penmani'' || rowspan=2|[[Susarla Dakshinamurthi|S. Dakshinamurthi]] ||
|-
| ''Adhiga Pechuk Kaari'' ||
|-
| rowspan=2|1955 || rowspan=2|''[[Mudhal Thethi]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Aham Kulira.... Mudhal Thethi Indru'' || rowspan=2|[[T. G. Lingappa]] ||
|-
| ''Chinna Chinna Bommai Venum'' || [[K. Rani (singer)|K. Rani]]
|-
| 1955 || ''Modala Thedi'' || [[Kannada]] || ''Modal Thedi Indu'' || [[T. G. Lingappa]] ||
|-
| 1955 || ''[[Nalla Thangai]]'' || Tamil || ''O! Seemaane Thirumbi Paarkkum'' || |[[G. Ramanathan]] ||
|-
| rowspan=2|1955 || rowspan=2|''[[Needhipathi]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Anbe Nam Dheivam'' || rowspan=2|[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]] ||
|-
| ''Aanandhame Aanandham'' || [[N. L. Ganasaraswathi]]
|-
| rowspan=3|1955 || rowspan=3|''[[Valliyin Selvan]]'' || rowspan=3|Tamil || ''Ayiram Kaalatthu'' || rowspan=3|[[Parur S. Anantharaman]] ||
|-
| ''Vilaiyaadum Dheivamadi'' || [[M. L. Vasanthakumari]]
|-
| ''Panjaayaththukku Vaa Pulle'' || [[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|-
| 1955 || ''[[Vipra Narayana]]'' || Tamil || ''Thom Thathaara Thaane Thathiranaa'' || [[S. Rajeswara Rao]] ||
|-
| rowspan=3|1956 || rowspan=3|''[[Aasai (1956 film)|Aasai]]'' || rowspan=3|Tamil || ''Kanni Thamizh.... Oviyanin Ullamthanai'' || rowspan=3|[[T. R. Pappa]]
| [[A. M. Rajah]]
|-
| ''Adi Paadi Odi Aadum Azhagai Paarungga'' || [[P. Leela]]
|-
| ''Kanninaar Nalladhaiyaa'' ||
|-
| 1956 || ''[[Amara Deepam (1956 film)|Amara Deepam]]'' || Tamil || ''Naadodi Koottam Naanga'' || [[T. Chalapathi Rao]] & [[G. Ramanathan]] || [[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]] & [[A. P. Komala]]
|-
| 1956 || ''[[Avar Unarunnu]]'' || [[Malayalam]] || ''Oru Mullappanthalil'' || [[V. Dakshinamoorthy]] ||
|-
| rowspan=2|1956 || rowspan=2|''[[Kula Deivam (1956 film)|Kula Dheivam]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Aanum Pennum'' || rowspan=2|[[R. Sudarsanam]] ||
|-
| ''Vaarayo Ennai Paaraayo'' ||
|-
| 1956 || ''[[Mathar Kula Manickam]]'' || Tamil || ''Denjaru Aiyaa Denjaru'' || [[S. Rajeswara Rao]] || G. Kasthoori
|-
| rowspan=3|1956 || rowspan=3|''[[Moondru Pengal]]'' || rowspan=3|Tamil || ''Vaanmugil Kanda Vanna Thogai Mayil Pole'' || rowspan=3|[[K. V. Mahadevan]] || [[T. A. Mothi]]
|-
| ''Paathokongo Nallaa Paathkongo'' || [[A. P. Komala]]
|-
| ''Arul Puriginraal Annai'' || |
|-
| rowspan=2|1956 || rowspan=2|''[[Naane Raja (1956 film)|Naane Raja]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Aanum Pennum Vaazhvinil Inbam'' || rowspan=2|[[T. R. Ramanathan]] ||
|-
| ''Pesuvadhaal Inbam Peruaar Undo'' ||
|-
| 1956 || ''[[Nalla Veedu]]'' || Tamil || ''Govindhan Kuzhalosai Keleer'' || Krishnamurthi Nagaraja Iyer ||
|-
| rowspan=3|1956 || rowspan=3|''[[Nannambikkai]]'' || rowspan=3|Tamil || ''Kalyaana Velai Vandhu Kaathirukkudhu'' || rowspan=3|[[S. V. Venkatraman]] ||
|-
| ''Anbe Aadhiye'' ||
|-
| ''Kaar Mugilin Maeni'' ||
|-
| rowspan=3|1956 || rowspan=3|''[[Raja Rani (1956 film)|Raja Rani]]'' || rowspan=3|Tamil || ''Thirumana Maagaadha Penne'' || rowspan=3|[[T. R. Pappa]] ||
|-
| ''Kaanadha Inbamellaam Kandidalaam'' || [[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]]
|-
| ''Aanandha Nilai Peruvom'' || [[N. L. Ganasaraswathi]]
|-
| 1956 || ''[[Rangoon Radha]]'' || Tamil || ''Ayarpaadi Kannaa Nee'' || [[T. R. Pappa]] ||
|-
| rowspan=2|1957 || rowspan=2|''[[Aaravalli]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Inge Meesaiyulla'' || rowspan=2|[[G. Ramanathan]] || [[K. Jamuna Rani]]
|-
| ''Kummaalam Pottathellaam'' || [[A. G. Rathnamala]]
|-
| rowspan=2|1957 || rowspan=2|''[[Baagyavathi]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Kannaale Vettaadhe'' || rowspan=2|[[Susarla Dakshinamurthi|S. Dakshinamurthi]] || [[S. C. Krishnan]]
|-
| ''Vennilavin Oli Thanile'' || [[A. M. Rajah]] & [[S. C. Krishnan]]
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Bhale Ammayilu]]'' || Telugu || ''Theem Thaam Thirana'' (Thillana) || [[S. Rajeswara Rao]] & [[S. Hanumantha Rao]] || [[M. L. Vasanthakumari]]
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Chakravarthi Thirumagal]]'' || Tamil || ''Athaanum Naanthaane'' || [[G. Ramanathan]] || [[S. C. Krishnan]]
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Engal Veettu Mahalakshmi]]'' || Tamil || ''Sendhiru Maadhum Kalai Maadhum'' || [[Master Venu]] || [[P. Susheela]]
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Iru Sagodharigal]]'' || Tamil || ''Theem Thaam Thirana'' (Thillana) || [[S. Rajeswara Rao]] || [[M. L. Vasanthakumari]]
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Chakravarthi Thirumagal|Rajaputhri Rahasyamu]]'' || Telugu || ''Taalachinantaa Thappaite'' || T. M. Ibrahim || [[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Rani Lalithangi]]'' || Tamil || ''Bulbul Jodi Majaa'' || [[G. Ramanathan]] || [[S. C. Krishnan]]
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Samaya Sanjeevi]]'' || Tamil || ''Thiruvarul Thandhadhu'' || [[G. Ramanathan]] ||
|-
| rowspan=3|1957 || rowspan=3|''[[Soubhagyavathi]]'' || rowspan=3|Tamil || ''Singaara Velavane'' || rowspan=3|[[Pendyala Nageswara Rao]] & M. S. Gnanamani ||
|-
| ''Manjapoosi'' || [[S. C. Krishnan]]
|-
| ''Chinna Maamaa Romba'' ||
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Vanangamudi]]'' || Tamil || || [[G. Ramanathan]] || [[S. C. Krishnan]]
|-
| 1957 || ''[[Yaar Paiyyan]]'' || Tamil || ''Andha Naalum Vandhu Serum'' || [[Susarla Dakshinamurthi|S. Dakshinamurthi]] ||
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Bommai Kalyanam]]'' || Tamil || ''Aasai Vachen Aasai Vachen'' || [[K. V. Mahadevan]] || [[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]]
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Maya Manithan]]'' || Tamil || ''Paakku Vetthala.... Iru Manasum Oru Manasai'' || [[G. Govindarajulu Naidu]] || [[S. V. Ponnusamy]]
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Nadodi Mannan]]'' || Tamil || ''Paaduppattal Thannaanle'' || [[N. S. Balakrishnan]] ||
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Paanai Pidithaval Bhaagyasaali]]'' || Tamil || ''Pachadikkettha Kichadi Sambaa'' || [[S. V. Venkatraman]] & [[S. Rajeswara Rao]] || [[Thiruchi Loganathan]]
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Naya Daur (1957 film)|Paattaliyin Sabatham]]'' || Tamil || ''Angiyodu Nijaar Anindhu Vandhaaye'' || [[O. P. Nayyar]] || [[P. Susheela]]
|-
| rowspan=2|1958 || rowspan=2|''[[Peria Koil]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Naan Poren Munnaale'' || rowspan=2|[[K. V. Mahadevan]] || [[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|-
| ''Vaazhanum Penngal Vaazhanum'' ||
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Thedi Vandha Selvam]]'' || Tamil || ''Poovaadai Nee Enakku'' || [[T. G. Lingappa]] || [[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]]
|-
| 1958 || ''[[Vanjikottai Valiban]]'' || Tamil || ''Vetrivel Veeravel'' || [[C. Ramchandra]] || [[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]] & [[Thiruchi Loganathan]]
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Amudhavalli]]'' || Tamil || ''Jilu Jilukkum Pachai Malai.... Chittukkuruvi Iva'' || [[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]] || [[A. P. Komala]]
|-
| rowspan=2|1959 || rowspan=2|''[[Aval Yaar]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Adakkiduven'' || rowspan=2|[[S. Rajeswara Rao]] || [[S. C. Krishnan]]
|-
| ''Kannukkazhagaa Penngalai'' || [[Jikki]]
|-
| rowspan=2|1959 || rowspan=2|''[[Manimekalai (1959 film)|Manimekalai]]'' || rowspan=2|Tamil || ''Adikkudhu Adikkudhu Unnai Kandu'' || rowspan=2|[[G. Ramanathan]] || V. T. Rajagopalan
|-
| ''Raajaa Nee Thoongalaamaa'' ||
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Minnal Veeran]]'' || Tamil || ''Kokkarakko.... Kutta Veliyaakavaa'' || [[Vedha (composer)|Vedha]] || [[S. C. Krishnan]]
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Pandithevan]]'' || Tamil || ''Kal Udaithu Malai Pilandhu'' || [[C. N. Pandurangan]] & Meenakshi Subramanyam || [[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[A. G. Rathnamala]], S. V. Ramanan & Gomathi
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Paththarai Maathu Thangam]]'' || Tamil || ''Manasa Nallaa Theriyaame'' || [[G. Govindarajulu Naidu]] & Tiruvenkadu Selvarathinam ||
|-
| 1959 || ''Soubhagyavathi'' || Telugu || ''Singaara Nelavane'' || [[Pendyala Nageswara Rao]] ||
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Sumangali (1959 film)|Sumangali]]'' || Tamil || ''Bodhai Seidha Velai Paadhai Maari Pocche''|| [[M. Ranga Rao]] ||
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Veerapandiya Kattabomman (film)|Veerapandiya Kattabomman]]'' || Tamil || ''Maattu Vandi Poottikkittu'' || [[G. Ramanathan]] || [[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|-
| 1959 || ''[[Vaazhkai Oppandham]]'' || Tamil || ''Kochimalai Kudagu Malai'' || [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantasala]] ||
|-
| 1960 || ''[[Adutha Veettu Penn]]'' || Tamil || ''Kaiyum Odala Kaalum Odala'' || [[P. Adinarayana Rao]] || [[S. C. Krishnan]]
|-
| 1960 || ''[[Vijayapuri Veeran|Mugguru Veerulu]]'' || Telugu || ''Iddarinee Kattukunte Intenandi'' || [[T. R. Pappa]] || [[P. B. Sreenivas]] & [[L. R. Eswari]]
|-
| 1960 || ''[[Nammina Bantu]]'' || Telugu || ''Alu Mogudu Pondu Andamoyi'' || [[S. Rajeswara Rao]] & [[Master Venu]] || [[P. Susheela]] & Swarnalatha
|-
| 1960 || ''[[Pattaliyin Vetri]]'' || Tamil || ''Pendaatti Purushanukku'' || [[S. Rajeswara Rao]] & [[Master Venu]] || [[P. Susheela]] & Swarnalatha
|-
| 1960 || ''[[Vijayapuri Veeran]]'' || Tamil || ''Kokkarikkanum'' || [[T. R. Pappa]] || [[S. C. Krishnan]] & [[L. R. Eswari]]
|-
| 1961 || ''[[Panithirai]]'' || Tamil || ''Maamiyaarukku Oru Seidhi'' || [[K. V. Mahadevan]] || [[Seerkazhi Govindarajan]]
|-
| 1962 || ''[[Vikramaadhithan]]'' || Tamil || ''Nilaiyaana Kalai Vaazhgave'' || [[S. Rajeswara Rao]] || [[P. Leela]]
|-
| 1963 || ''[[Punithavathi]]'' || Tamil || ''Adi Ammaa Ponne'' || Hussein Reddy ||
|-
| 1964 || ''Magaley Un Samathu'' || Tamil || ''Avogulaamiyaa'' || [[G. K. Venkatesh]] || [[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|-
| 1965 || ''[[Maganey Kel]]'' || Tamil || ''Aattam Porandhadhu Munnaale'' || [[M. S. Viswanathan]] ||
|-
| 1971 || ''Arutperunjothi'' || Tamil || ''Arutjothi Dheivam Ennnai Aandu Konda Dheivam'' || [[T. R. Pappa]] ||
|-
| 1971 || ''Ilangeswaran'' || Tamil || ''Malar Maalai Kondaadi'' || [[S. M. Subbaiah Naidu]] ||
|-
| 1973 || ''[[Arangetram (1973 film)|Arangetram]]'' || Tamil || ''Enadi Marumagale Unnai Evaradi Pesivittaar'' || [[V. Kumar]] ||
|-
| 1977 || ''[[Sri Krishna Leela (1977 film)|Sri Krishna Leela]]'' || Tamil || ''Anbe Uyarndhadhu Avaniyile'' || [[S. V. Venkatraman]] || [[Soolamangalam Sisters|Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi]]
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050104114542/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2004/11/05/stories/2004110503330900.htm With music till the last]

==External links==
* {{YouTube|vaV4cpKMIYc|Listen to Paadum Radio Buttonai Thiruppi Vittal song from Miss Malini}}
* {{YouTube|Odb-EOtSt3Y|Watch Alli Veesunga Panathai Alli Veesunga song from Maheswari}}
* {{YouTube|UO4StYo6qwo|Watch En Prema Roobaa.... Inbathin Ellai Ithu Thana song from Ponmudi}}
* {{youTube|mwqGTwJ3UuQ|Listen to Mohana Muralidhara ... Her first song at 10 years from Baktha Chetha}}

Apart from these songs T V Rathnam has sung many songs. To quote an example she has sung a song ADAKKIDUVEN a duet with S C Krishnan in the movie Aval Yaar.

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rathnam, T. V.}}
[[Category:1930 births]]
[[Category:1984 deaths]]
[[Category:Women Carnatic singers]]
[[Category:Carnatic singers]]
[[Category:Tamil-language playback singers]]
[[Category:People from Tirunelveli district]]
[[Category:Indian women playback singers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:Women musicians from Tamil Nadu]]

Sushilkumar Shinde ministry

2026-01-28T11:36:44Z

Moshiurrahmanatik:

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Short description|2003–04 ministry of Maharashtra, India}}
{{Infobox government cabinet
| cabinet_type = Ministry
| cabinet_number =
| jurisdiction = [[Maharashtra]]
| flag = File:Seal of Maharashtra.svg
| flag_border = true
| image = File:Sushilkumar Shinde.JPG
| image_size = 150px
| caption = [[Sushilkumar Shinde]], Former [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]]
| date_formed = 18 January 2003
| date_dissolved = 1 November 2004
| government_head = [[Sushilkumar Shinde]]
| government_head_title = Chief Minister
| deputy_government_head = [[Chhagan Bhujbal]] (2003) [[Vijaysingh Mohite-Patil]] (2003-04)
| deputy_government_head_title = Deputy Chief Minister
| state_head = [[Mohammed Fazal]]
| state_head_title = Governor
| members_number =
| former_members_number =
| total_number =
| political_parties = [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] [[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]] Other smaller parties and independents
| legislature_status = [[Coalition government|Coalition]] {{Composition bar|148|288|{{party color|United Progressive Alliance}}|background-color=|border border-color=darkgray|width=|per=1}}
| opposition_cabinet =
| opposition_party = [[Shiv Sena]] [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| opposition_leader = [[Narayan Rane]] (Shiv Sena) ([[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Assembly]]) [[Nitin Gadkari]] (BJP) ([[Maharashtra Legislative Council|Council]])
| election = [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1999]]
| last_election =
| legislature_term = 5 years
| budget =
| advice_and_consent1 =
| advice_and_consent2 =

| incoming_formation =
| outgoing_formation =
| previous = [[First Deshmukh ministry|Deshmukh I]]
| successor = [[Second Deshmukh ministry|Deshmukh II]]
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|}
In January 2003, '''[[Sushilkumar Shinde]]''' was sworn in as [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]], on resignation of his predecessor [[Vilasrao Deshmukh]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Shinde elected leader of DF |newspaper=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030118/nation.htm#13 |date=18 January 2003 |access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Turn of fortune for Shinde |newspaper=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030119/nation.htm#2 |date=19 January 2003 |access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref> Shinde led a cabinet consisting of his [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] party and [[Democratic Front (India)|alliance]] partner [[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]], till the [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]]. The Congress-NCP alliance secured a majority in those elections, but the Shinde ministry was replaced by his [[Second Deshmukh ministry|Deshmukh's second ministry]].

==Government formation==
On his swearing in, Shinde was asked to prove [[Majority government|majority support]] in the [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]]. Accordingly, on 22 January 2003, the Assembly passed a vote of confidence.<ref name=Tribune>{{Cite news |title=Shinde wins trust vote |newspaper=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030123/nation.htm#9 |date=23 January 2003 |access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Sushil Kumar Shinde wins trust vote |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/sushil-kumar-shinde-wins-trust-vote/articleshow/35160338.cms |date=22 January 2003 |access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;"
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"| '''Motion of confidence''' [[Sushilkumar Shinde]] ([[Indian National Congress|Congress]])
|-
! colspan="2" style="width:150px;"| Ballot →
! 22 January 2003
|-
! colspan="2"| Required majority →
| Simple majority {{tick|15}}
|-
! style="width:1px; background:green;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Collapsible list | title = Yes
| • [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] (74)
| • [[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]] (56)
| • [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] (2)
| • Other parties and [[Independent (politician)|Independents]] (11)
}}
| {{Composition bar|143|281|green|width=125px}}
|-
! style="background:red;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Collapsible list | title = No
| • [[Shiv Sena]] (69)
| • [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (55)
}}
| {{Composition bar|133|281|red|width=125px}}
|-
! style="background:gray;"|
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Collapsible list | title = Abstentions
| • [[Peasants and Workers Party of India|PWPI]] (5)
}}
| {{Composition bar|5|281|gray|width=125px}}
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan="3"| Sources<ref name=Tribune />
|}
==Guardian Ministers ==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Sr No.
! District
!Guardian_Minister
!colspan="2" scope="col" |Party
|-
| 01
| '''[[Ahmednagar district|Ahmednagar]]'''
| '''[[Shivajirao Moghe]]'''
| rowspan=36 |[[United Progressive Alliance]]
| rowspan=36 style="width:1px; background-color: {{party color|United Progressive Alliance}}" |
|-
| 02
| '''[[Akola district|Akola]]'''
| '''[[Ranjeet Deshmukh]]'''
|-
| 03
| '''[[Amravati district|Amravati]]'''
| '''[[Vijaysinh Mohite–Patil]]''' DCM
|-
| 04
| '''[[Aurangabad district, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]]'''
| '''[[Ramkrishna More]]'''
|-
| 05
| '''[[Beed district|Beed]]'''
| '''[[Patangrao Kadam]]'''
|-
| 06
| '''[[Bhandara district|Bhandara]]'''
| '''[[Rohidas Patil]]'''
|-
| 07
| '''[[Buldhana district|Buldhana]]'''
| '''[[Vikramsinh Patankar]]'''
|-
| 08
| '''[[Chandrapur district|Chandrapur]]'''
| '''[[Rohidas Patil]]'''
|-
| 09
| '''[[Dhule district|Dhule]]'''
| '''[[Surupsingh Hirya Naik]]'''
|-
| 10
| '''[[Gadchiroli district|Gadchiroli]]'''
| '''[[Patangrao Kadam]]'''
|-
| 11
| '''[[Gondiya district|Gondiya]]'''
| '''[[Vikramsinh Patankar]]'''
|-
| 12
| '''[[Hingoli district|Hingoli]]'''
| '''[[Ajit Pawar]]'''
|-
| 13
| '''[[Jalgaon district|Jalgaon]]'''
| '''[[Jayant Patil]]'''
|-
| 14
| '''[[Jalna district|Jalna]]'''
| '''[[Chhagan Bhujbal]]''' DCM
|-
| 15
|'''[[Kolhapur district|Kolhapur]]'''
| '''[[Jayant Patil]]'''
|-
| 16
|'''[[Latur district|Latur]]'''
| '''[[Ashok Chavan]]'''
|-
| 17
| '''[[Mumbai City district|Mumbai City]]'''
| '''[[R. R. Patil]]'''
|-
| 18
| '''[[Mumbai Suburban district|Mumbai Suburban]]'''
| '''[[Husain Dalwai]]'''
|-
| 19
|'''[[Nagpur district|Nagpur]]'''
| '''[[Ranjeet Deshmukh]]'''
|-
| 20
| '''[[Nanded district|Nanded]]'''
| '''[[Ashok Chavan]]'''
|-
|21
| '''[[Nandurbar district|Nandurbar]]'''
| '''[[Vilas Patil]]'''
|-
|22
| '''[[Nashik district|Nashik]]'''
| '''[[Chhagan Bhujbal]]''' DCM
|-
|23
| '''[[Osmanabad district|Osmanabad]]'''
| '''[[Padamsinh Bajirao Patil]]'''
|-
|24
| '''[[Palghar district|Palghar]]'''
|'''[[Jaywantrao Awale]]'''
|-
|25
| '''[[Parbhani district|Parbhani]]'''
| '''[[Satish Chaturvedi]]'''
|-
|26
| '''[[Pune district|Pune]]'''
| '''[[Ajit Pawar]]'''
|-
|27
| '''[[Raigad district|Raigad]]'''
|'''[[Husain Dalwai]]'''
|-
|28
| '''[[Ratnagiri district|Ratnagiri]]'''
| '''[[Vasant Chavan]]'''
|-
|29
| '''[[Sangli district|Sangli]]'''
| '''[[R. R. Patil]]'''
|-
|30
| '''[[Satara district|Satara]]'''
| '''[[Surupsingh Hirya Naik]]'''
|-
|31
| '''[[Sindhudurg district|Sindhudurg]]'''
| '''[[Anand Devkate]]'''
|-
|32
|'''[[Solapur district|Solapur]]'''
|'''[[Vijaysinh Mohite–Patil]]''' DCM
|-
|33
|'''[[Thane district|Thane]]'''
| '''[[Patangrao Kadam]]'''
|-
|34
|'''[[Wardha district|Wardha]]'''
| '''[[Ramkrishna More]]'''
|-
|35
|'''[[Washim district|Washim]]'''
| '''[[Ganpatrao Deshmukh]]'''
|-
|36
|'''[[Yavatmal district|Yavatmal]]'''
| '''[[Shivajirao Moghe]]'''
|-
|}

==Ministry==
The Shinde ministry initially consisted of 16 members, including Shinde.<ref name=CabinetStrength>{{Cite news |title=Shinde inducts 53 new ministers |newspaper=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030126/nation.htm#10 |date=26 January 2003 |access-date=26 April 2021}}</ref> A week after his initial ministers were sworn in, Shinde inducted 53 new members (23 cabinet ministers and 30 ministers of state) and led a 68-member cabinet.<ref name=CabinetStrength />
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Portfolio
!Minister
!Took office
!Left office
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
! colspan="6" |Chief Minister
|-
|'''Chief Minister'''''Portfolios not allotted to any Minister:''
* General Administration
* Planning
* Information and Public Relations
* Law and Judiciary
* Information Technology
* Revenue
* Agriculture
* Command Area Development
* Food, Civil Supplies and Consumer Protection
* Labour
* State Excise
* Urban Development
* Other Backward Classes(OBC)
* Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC)
* Water Resources
|'''''[[Sushilkumar Shinde]]'''''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
! colspan="6" |Deputy Chief Minister
|-
| rowspan="2" |'''Deputy Chief Minister'''
|'''[[Chhagan Bhujbal]]'''
|18 January 2003
|23 December 2003
| style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|-
|'''[[Vijaysinh Mohite–Patil]]'''
|27 December 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|-
! colspan="6" |Cabinet Ministers
|-
|
*Home
*State Border Defence (First)
*Majority Welfare
|'''[[R. R. Patil]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|-
|
*Co-operation
*Marathi Language
*Public Health
*Industries
*Protocol
*Sanitation
*School Education
*Water Supply
|'''[[Ashok Chavan]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Cultural Affairs
*Ex Servicemen Welfare
*Higher and Technical Education
*Medical Education
*Sports and Youth Welfare
|'''[[Ramkrishna More]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Animal Husbandry Department
*Dairy Development (18 January 2003 – 3 March 2004)
*House Repairs and Reconstruction
|'''Anand Devkate'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Disaster Management
*Housing
*Slum Improvement
*Tribal Development
|'''[[Satish Chaturvedi]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Earthquake Rehabilitation
*Khar Land Development
*Relief and Rehabilitation
|'''Vilas Patil'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Tourism
*Employment Guarantee
*Water Resources (Krishna Valley Development) and (Konkan Valley Development)
|'''[[Shivajirao Moghe]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Energy
*New and Renewable Energy
|'''[[Patangrao Kadam]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Fisheries
*Dairy Development (3 March 2004 – 1 November 2004)
|'''[[Padamsinh Bajirao Patil]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|-
|
*Food and Drug Administration
*Mining
|'''[[Vasant Chavan]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|-
|
* Finance
|'''[[Jayant Patil]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|-
|
* Forests
* Environment and Climate Change
* Special Assistance
|'''[[Vijaysinh Mohite–Patil]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|-
|
*Horticulture
*Rural Development (05 May 2003 - 01 November 2004)
*Panchayat Raj (05 May 2003 - 01 November 2004)
|'''[[Ajit Pawar]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|-
|
*Marketing
*Rural Development (18 January 2003 - 05 May 2003)
*Panchayat Raj (18 January 2003 - 05 May 2003)
*Textiles
*Woman and Child Development
|'''[[Ranjeet Deshmukh]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Minority Development and Aukaf
*State Border Defence (Second)
|'''[[Husain Dalwai]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Public Works (Including Public Undertakings)
*Nomadic Tribes
*Special Backward Classes Welfare
|'''[[Surupsingh Hirya Naik]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Parliamentary Affairs
*Employment and Self-employment
|'''Rohidas Patil'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Public Works (Excluding Public Undertakings)
*Social Justice
*Ports Development
|'''[[Chhagan Bhujbal]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|-
|
*Skill Development and *Entrepreneurship
*Vimukta Jati
|'''[[Jaywantrao Awale]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|
*Soil and Water Conservation
|'''[[Ganpatrao Deshmukh]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| bgcolor="{{party color|Peasants and Workers Party of India}}" width="4px" |
|[[Peasants and Workers Party of India]]
|-
|
*Transport
|'''[[Vikramsinh Patankar]]'''
|18 January 2003
|1 November 2004
| style="background-color: {{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|}
{{Pie chart|value1=60.87|value2=34.78|value3=4.35|color1={{party color|Indian National Congress}}|color2={{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}|color3={{party color|Peasants and Workers Party of India}}|caption=Representation of cabinet ministers by party|label1=Indian National Congress|label2=Nationalist Congress Party|label3=Peasants and Workers Party of India}}
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Party
!Ministers
|-
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|14
|-
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|08
|-
|[[Peasants and Workers Party of India]]
|01
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Maharashtra state government ministries}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shinde ministry, Sushilkumar}}
[[Category:Indian National Congress state ministries of Maharashtra|Sushilkumar]]
[[Category:Maharashtra ministries]]
[[Category:Nationalist Congress Party]]
[[Category:Indian ministries established in 2003]]
[[Category:Indian ministries disestablished in 2004]]
[[Category:2003 establishments in Maharashtra]]

Bibliography of Darul Uloom Deoband

2026-01-23T16:32:00Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Created details!

{{Short description|none}}{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox personal bibliography
| Author = [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
| Image = Darul Uloom Deoband 2018.jpg
| ImageSize = 200px
| Caption = Deoband in 2018
| alt = Coloured picture
}}
This '''bibliography of Darul Uloom Deoband''' is a selected list of generally available scholarly resources related to [[Darul Uloom Deoband]], a leading [[Madrasa|Islamic seminary]] and Muslim theological centre in India at which the [[Deobandi movement]] began, founded in 1866.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Adamec |first=Ludwig W. |url=https://archive.org/details/historical-dictionary-of-islam-third-edition/page/112/mode/1up?view=theater |title=Historical dictionary of Islam |date=2017 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers |isbn=978-1-4422-7724-3 |edition=3rd |location=Lanham |pages=111 |language=en |oclc=953919222}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Zeidan |first=Adam |title=Deoband school |date=2020 |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Deoband-school |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |publisher=Nabu Press |language=en |isbn=9781144055460}}</ref> It is one of the most influential reform movements in modern Islam. It created a largest network of satellite madrasas all over the world especially [[India]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Pakistan]], [[Afghanistan]] neighboring countries in [[Asia]] and beyond, and as far afield as the [[Caribbean]], [[South Africa]], [[United Kingdom]] and the [[United States]].<ref name=":oxbib">{{Cite web |last=Tareen |first=Sher Ali |date=2014 |title=Deoband Madrasa |url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0019.xml |website=[[Oxford Bibliographies Online]] |doi=10.1093/OBO/9780195390155-0019}}</ref> ''[[Islamic Revival in British India]]'' by [[Barbara D. Metcalf]] was the first major monograph specifically devoted to the institutional and intellectual history of Deoband.<ref name=":oxbib"/> [[Syed Mehboob Rizwi]] wrote ''[[History of Darul Uloom Deoband]]'' in 1977 in 2 volumes.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YBQnAQAAIAAJ |title=Guide to Indian Periodical Literature |date=1985 |publisher=Indian Documentation Service |pages=690 |language=en}}</ref> This list will include Books and [[Thesis|theses]] written on Darul Uloom Deoband and articles published about Deoband in various journals, newspapers, encyclopedias, [[seminar]]s, websites etc. in [[APA style]]. Only [[bibliography]] related to [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] will be included here, for [[Deobandi movement]], see [[Bibliography of Deobandi Movement]].
{{Dynamic list}}

== Encyclopedias ==
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite book |last=Adamec |first=Ludwig W. |url=https://archive.org/details/historical-dictionary-of-islam-third-edition/page/112/mode/1up?view=theater |title=Historical dictionary of Islam |date=2017 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers |isbn=978-1-4422-7724-3 |edition=3rd |location=Lanham |pages=111 |language=en |oclc=953919222}}
* {{Citation |last=Ingram |first=Brannon |title=Deoband School |date=2018 |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-94-024-1267-3_802 |work=Islam, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism |series=Encyclopedia of Indian Religions |pages=208–213 |editor-last=Kassam |editor-first=Zayn R. |place=Dordrecht |publisher=Springer Netherlands |doi=10.1007/978-94-024-1267-3_802 |isbn=978-94-024-1266-6 |editor2-last=Greenberg |editor2-first=Yudit Kornberg |editor3-last=Bagli |editor3-first=Jehan|language=en|url-access=subscription }}
* {{Citation |last=Masood |first=Farid Uddin |title=Shorter Encyclopaedia of Islam |url=https://archive.org/download/IslamicOthersBooks/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%20%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%80%20%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B7%20%E0%A7%A7.pdf |pages=481–482 |year=1982 |edition=5th |location=Sherbangla Nagar, Dhaka |publisher=[[Islamic Foundation Bangladesh]] |language=bn |isbn=984-06-0252-7}}
* {{Citation |last=Moosa |first=Ebrahim |title=Deobandī School |date=2022 |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780197669419.001.0001/acref-9780197669419-e-107 |encyclopedia=Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi= |isbn=978-0-19-766941-9}}
* {{Citation |last=Zeidan |first=Adam|title=Deoband school |date=2020 |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Deoband-school |encyclopedia= [[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |publisher=Nabu Press |language=en |isbn=9781144055460}}
{{refend}}

== Books ==
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite book |last=Adrawi |first=Asir |url=https://archive.org/download/Maktaba-Maulana-Nizamuddin-Aseer-Adravi-Sahib/Dabistan-i-Deoband-Ki-Ilmi-Khidmaat.pdf |title=Dabistān-i Devband kī ʻilmī k̲h̲idmāt |publisher=Dārulmuʼallifīn |year=1995 |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur |trans-title=Educational services of Darul Uloom Deoband |oclc=47964786 |author-link=Nizamuddin Asir Adrawi }}
* {{Cite book |last=Adravī |first=Asīr |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yYFBzgEACAAJ |title=Dārulʻulūm Devband, iḥyā-yi Islām kī ʻaẓīm taḥrīk |date=1999 |publisher=Dārulmūʼallifīn |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur |trans-title=Darul Uloom Deoband, the great movement of revival of Islam |oclc=46969756 |author-link=Nizamuddin Asir Adrawi }}
* {{Cite book |last=Aḥmad |first=Muḥammad Manṣūr |title=Anār ke darak̲h̲t tale: Dārulʻulūm Devband |publisher=Maktabatulīmān |year=2006 |location=Karachi, Pakistan |language=ur |oclc=85016253}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Qāsmī |first=Ḥaqqānī |title=Dārulʻulūm Devband: adabī shanāk̲h̲t nāmah |publisher=Āl Inḍiyā Tanẓīm ʻUlamā-yi Ḥaq |year=2006 |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur |oclc=294763042}}
* {{Cite book |last=Anjum |first=G̲h̲ulām Yaḥyá|author-link=Ghulam Yahya Anjum|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WtfXAAAAMAAJ |title=Dārulʻulūm Devband kā bānī kaun? |date=1999 |publisher=al-Dārussalafiyah |location=Mumbai, India |language=ur |oclc=45087088 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Anṣārī |first=Nadīm Aḥmad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dQ0vzgEACAAJ |title=Shiʻr-i faqīh: Devband se vābastah baʻẓ mashhūr muftiyān-i kirām aur unkī Urdū shāʻirī kā taz̲kirah |date=2019 |publisher=al-Falāḥ Islāmik Fāʼūnḍeshan |isbn=978-93-5351-187-6 |location=Mumbaʼī |oclc=1233023145 |language=ur }}
* {{Cite book |last=Ar-Rahman |first=Mohammad Habib |url=https://www.rokomari.com/book/98946/durul-ulum-deobnd-mubassharat-poriciti-o-akabirer-karamon |title=Darul Uloom Deoband Mubassharat, Known and Karamat of Akabir |publisher=Al-Kawsar Publications |year=2006 |location=Bangladesh |language=bn }}
* {{Cite book |last=Arshad |first=Jubair |url=https://www.rokomari.com/book/184051/darul-ulum-deobonder-protishthakalin-akabirer-jibonpath?ref=rec_1_p_250455 |title=Foundation of Darul Uloom Deoband: Life Lessons of Akabir |publisher=Poro Publication |year=2019 |location=Bangladesh |language=bn }}
* {{Cite book |last=Asʻadī |first=Muḥammad ʻUbaidullāh |url=https://archive.org/download/20200629_20200629_0821/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%20%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A9%20%D9%81%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9%20%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A9.pdf |title=Dār al-ʻUlūm Diyūband: madrasah fikrīyah tawjīhīyah, ḥarakah iṣlāḥīyah daʻwīyah, muʼassasah taʻlīmīyah tarbawīyah |date=2000 |publisher=Akādīmīyat Shaykh al-Hind |location=India |language=ar |oclc=608949973 }}
* {{Cite book |last1=Arshad |first1=Saʻīd |title=Jurʼat kā nām hae, Devband vāle |last2=Fārūqī |first2=Z̤iyā |publisher=Banorī Islāmik Rīkārḍing Senṭar |year=2004 |location=Karachi, Pakistan |language=ur |oclc=56598186}}
* {{Cite book |last=Aʻẓamī |first=Abūlḥasan |title=History of Department of Qiraat, Darul Uloom Deoband |publisher=Madarsah al-Imām ibn al-Jazarī |year=2013 |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur |oclc=978271570}}
* {{Cite book |last=Cag̲h̲tāʼī |first=Muḥammad ʻAbdullāh |title=Qiyām-i Dārul ʻulūm Devband |publisher=Maktabah-yi Maḥmūdiyyah |year=1980 |location=Lāhaur, Pakistan |language=ur |oclc=9110495}}
* {{Cite book |last=Durrānī |first=Muḥammad Riyāz̤ |title=Dārul ʻulūm Devband: Iḥyāʼe Islām kī ʻālamgīr taḥrīk |publisher=Jamʻīyyat Pablīkeshanz |year=2001 |location=Lahore, Pakistan |language=ur |oclc=48375019}}
* {{Cite book |last=Durranī |first=Muḥammad Riyāz̤. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4cJLAQAAIAAJ |title=Karvān-i Devband: Ḍaiṛh Ṣad Sālah K̲h̲idmāt-i Devband Kānfarans Pishāvar kī tafṣīlī rīporṭ |date=2006 |publisher=Jamʻīyat Pablīkeshanz |location=Pakistan |language=ur |oclc=162145759 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Gilani |first=Manazir Ahsan |url=https://archive.org/download/Maktaba-Maulana-Manazir-Ahsan-Gilani-ra/Ahata-Darul-Uloom-Main-Betay-Howai-Din.pdf |title=My memorable days at Darul Uloom Deoband |publisher=Maktabah-yi Rashīdiyah |year=2009 |location=Karachi, Pakistan |language=ur |oclc=662156895 |author-link=Manazir Ahsan Gilani }}
* {{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/download/indiapresidentindarululoomdeoband/India-President_in_DarulUloom-Deoband.pdf |title=India President In Darul Uloom Deoband |publisher=Daftar-e Ihtimam, Darul Uloom Deoband |year=1957 |location=India |language=ur }}
* {{Cite book |last=Jamālī |first=Shāhīn |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=71YxAAAAMAAJ |title=Dārulʻulūm Devband kī tārīk̲h̲-i siyāsat |date=1980 |publisher=Daftar-i Ijlās-i Ṣad Sālah Dārulʻulūm Devband |location=India |language=ar |oclc=22208671 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Miftahi |first=Zafeeruddin |url=https://darululoom-deoband.com/books/archives/694 |title=Dar al-Ulum Deoband: A Brief Account of its Establishment and Background |publisher=Imam Gangohi Academy of Research; Friends of Deoband |year=2012 |location=Johannesburg, South Africa |language=en |translator-last=Siddiqui |translator-first=Atique A. |author-link=Zafeeruddin Miftahi }}
* {{Cite book |last1=Miller |first1=Frederic P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lPzEbwAACAAJ |title=Darul Uloom Deoband |last2=Vandome |first2=Agnes F. |last3=John |first3=McBrewster |date=2010 |publisher=VDM Publishing |isbn=978-613-1-79086-7 |language=en }}
* {{Cite book |last=Mirza |first=Asad |title=Demystifying Madrasah And Deobandi Islam |publisher=Vitasta Publishing |year=2024 |isbn=9788119670765 |location=New Delhi |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last=Mirzā |first=Jānbāz |title=Rūʼedād jashn-i Devband, munʻaqidah 21, 22, 23 Mārc 1980: Dārulʻulūm Devband kī ṣad sālah taqrībāt kī mukammal rūʼedād |publisher=Maktabah-yi Tabṣirah |year=1980 |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur |oclc=16273315}}
* {{Cite book |last=Neyazi |first=Taberez Ahmed |url=https://academic.oup.com/book/6156/chapter/149730232 |title=Darul Uloom Deoband's Approach to Social Issues: Image, Reality, and Perception |date=2014 |work=Being Muslim in South Asia: Diversity and Daily Life |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199082872 |location=UK |pages=181–200 |language=en |doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198092063.003.0009 }}
* {{Cite book |last1=Qāsmi |first1=Aftāb Ghāzi |url=https://archive.org/details/BestUrduBooks218B/FUZALA_E_DEOBAND_KI_FIQHI_KHIDMAAT |title=Fuzala e Deoband ki Fiqhi Khidmaat |last2=Qāsmi |first2=Abdul Haseeb |publisher=Kutub K̲h̲ānah Naʻīmiyah |year=2011 |location=Ḥaidarābād, India |language=ur |oclc=813691816 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Qasemi |first=Burhanuddin |url=https://archive.org/download/najeebqasmi_Islamic_madaris/DarulUloomDeoband-AHeroicStruggleAgainstTheBritishTyranny.pdf |title=Darul Uloom Deoband: A Heroic Struggle Against The British Tyranny |publisher=Markazul Maarif |year=2001 |location=Mumbai, India |language=en }}
* {{Cite book |last=Qasmi |first=Fakhruddin Waheed |url=http://www.ifa-india.org/pdfs/pdf-20210414030631.pdf |title=The Role of Darul Uloom Deoband in Indian Politics |publisher=IFA Publications |year=2015 |location=New Delhi |language=en |access-date=30 October 2022 |archive-date=29 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221029225000/http://www.ifa-india.org/pdfs/pdf-20210414030631.pdf |url-status=dead }}
* {{Cite book |last=Qāsimī |first=Jāvīd Ashraf |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IcrXAAAAMAAJ |title=Faiz̤ān-i Dārulʻulūm Devband |date=2000 |publisher=Madarsah Abī Ibn-i Kaʻb Taḥfīẓ al-Qurʼān al-Karīm, Qaṣbah Ghāsīṛah |location=India |language=ur |oclc=48055833 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Qasmi |first=Khursheed Hasan |url=https://besturdubooks.net/darul-uloom-aur-deoband-ki-tareekhi-shakhsiyaat/ |title=Darul Uloom aur Deoband ki Tareekhi Shakhsiyaat |publisher=Maqtaba Tafsirul Quran |year=2003 |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur }}
* {{Cite book |url=https://www.rokomari.com/book/173690/darul-ulum-deobondo-ulamaye-deobondo-kormo-o-obodan?ref=rec_2_p_98946 |title=Darul Uloom Deoband-Ulamaye Deoband Work and Contribution |publisher=Darul Uloom Library |year=2010 |editor-last=Qasmi |editor-first=Mizanur Rahman |location=Bangladesh |language=bn }}
* {{Cite book |last1=Qāsimī |first1=Muḥammad Islām |title=Dārulʻulūm Devband kī ek ṣadī kā ʻilmī safarnāmah |last2=Ṣiddīqī |first2=Nasīm Aḥmad |publisher=Maktabah-yi Dānish |year=1980 |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur |oclc=21970581}}
* {{cite book |last=Qasmi |first=Nayab Hasan |url=https://archive.org/details/DarulUloomDeobandKaSahafatiManzarNamah |title=Darul Uloom Deoband Ka Sahafati Manzarnama |publisher=Idara Tahqueeq-e-islami Deoband |year=2013 |edition= |location=India |pages=116 |language=ur |trans-title=Journalistic Scenario Of Darul Uloom Deoband}}
* {{Cite book |last=Qasmi |first=Tayyib |url=https://archive.org/download/Maktaba-Hakeem-ul-Islam-Maulana-Qari-Tayyib-ra/Tareekh-Darul-Uloom-Deoband.pdf |title=Tārīk̲h̲-i Dārulʻulūm-i Devband |publisher=Dārulishāʻat |year=1972 |location=Pakistan |language=ur |author-link=Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi }}
* {{Cite book |last=Qasmi |first=Tayyib |url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/darul-uloom-deoband-ki-pachaas-misali-shakhsiyaat-mohammad-tayyab-ebooks |title=Darul Uloom Deoband Ki 50 Misali Shakhsiyat |publisher=Maktabah-yi Faiz̤ulqurʼā |year=1999 |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur |oclc=45499890 |author-link=Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi }}
* {{Citation |last=Reetz |first=Dietrich |title=Change and Stagnation in Islamic Education: The Dar al-Ulum of Deoband after the Split in 1982 |date=2009 |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9789048501380-004/html |work=The Madrasa in Asia |pages=71–104 |editor-last=Noor |editor-first=Farish A |publisher=[[Amsterdam University Press]] |doi=10.1515/9789048501380-004 |isbn=978-90-485-0138-0 |editor2-last=Sikand |editor2-first=Yoginder |editor3-last=van Bruinessen |editor3-first=Martin |language=en |url-access=subscription }}
* {{Cite book |last=Rizwi |first=Syed Mehboob |url=https://archive.org/details/2VolumeBookOnTheHistoryOfDarAlUlumDeoband |title=History of the Dar al-Ulum Deoband |publisher=Idara-e Ihtemam, [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] |year=1980–1981 |location=UP, India |language=en |oclc=20222197 |author-link=Syed Mehboob Rizwi }}
* {{Cite book |last=Shahjahanpuri |first=Abu Salman |title=Buzurgān-i Dārulʻulūm-i Devband |publisher=Jamʻiyat Pablikeshanz |year=2005 |location=Lahore, Pakistan |language=ur |oclc=156865214 |author-link=Abu Salman Shahjahanpuri}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Singhānvī |first1=Iʻjāz Aḥmad K̲h̲ān̲ |title=Hikāyāt-i aslāf-i Devband |last2=Devbandī |first2=Navāz |publisher=Navāz Pablīkeshanz |year=2000 |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur |oclc=46353207}}
* {{Citation |last=Spannaus |first=Nathan |title=Darul Uloom Deoband and South Asian Islam |date=2018 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/modern-islamic-authority-and-social-change-volume-1/darul-uloom-deoband-and-south-asian-islam/690FA81F903269678192553060C9D0B0 |work=Modern Islamic Authority and Social Change, Volume 1: Evolving Debates in Muslim Majority Countries |pages=217–243 |editor-last=Bano |editor-first=Masooda |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=978-1-4744-3324-2 |language=en }}
* {{Cite book |last=Ukāshah |first=Abū |title=Tārīk̲h̲ ke qātil |publisher=Faran Publications |year=2019 |location=Hyderabad, India |language=ur |oclc=1106138522}}
* {{Cite book |last=ʻUs̲mānī |first=Muḥammad Taqī |url=https://ia601601.us.archive.org/16/items/TaqiUsmaniEnglish/TheGreatScholarsOfDeobandIslamicSeminary.pdf |title=The great scholars of the Deoband Islamic Seminary |date=2013 |others=Abdur Raheem Kidwai, Muḥammad Taqī. Translation of: ʻUs̲mānī |isbn=978-1-906949-26-6 |location=London |oclc=909332154 |author-link=Taqi Usmani |language=en }}
* {{Cite book |last=Z̤afīruddīn |first=Muḥammad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2J-OyAEACAAJ |title=Taʻāruf-i makhṭūṭāt Kutubk̲h̲ānah Dārulʻulūm Devband |date=1970 |publisher=Dārulʻulūm Devband |location=India |language=ur |oclc=23520232 }}
* {{Cite book |last=Z̤afīruddīn |first=Muḥammad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7VY7zQEACAAJ |title=Mashāhīr ʻUlmāʼ Dārulʻulūm Devband |date=1980 |publisher=Daftar Ijlās Ṣad Sālah Dārulʻulūm Devband |location=India |language=ur |oclc=1132322576 }}
{{refend}}

== Theses ==
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite thesis |last=Ansari |first=Ishrat Hasain |url=https://archive.org/download/in.ernet.dli.2015.12961/2015.12961.Role-Of-Dar-ul-uloom-Deoband-In-National-Movement.pdf |title=Role Of Dar-ul-uloom Deoband In National Movement And Its Contribution To The Cultural Development Of India (1866–1980) |publisher=Department of Medieval and Modern History, [[University of Allahabad]] |year=1995 |location=India |language=en |degree=PhD }}
* {{Cite thesis|last=Arabi|first=Zikrullah|title=Contribution of Darul Uloom Deoband to Arabic Journalism With Special Reference of Al-Die (Monthly Magazine) and Comprehensive Catalogue Upto 2013|publisher=[[Maulana Azad National Urdu University]] |year=2019|location=India|language=ar|hdl=10603/337869}}
* {{Cite thesis
|last=Hashmi
|first=Syed Masroor Ali Akhtar
|title=A critical study of educational movements and institutions with special reference to Darul Ulum Deoband Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh Nadwatul Ulama Lucknow and Jamia Millia Islamia Delhi
|publisher=Faculty of Education, [[Jamia Milia Islamia]]
|year=1985
|location=India
|language=en
|hdl=10603/412250
|type=PhD
}}
* {{Cite thesis
|last=Jahan
|first=Ibrat
|title=Contribution of Darul Uloom Deoband to Seerah literature
|publisher=Department of Islamic Studies, [[Aligarh Muslim University]]
|year=2013
|location=India
|language=en
|hdl=10603/176381
|type=PhD
}}
* {{Cite thesis
|last=Kaleem
|first=Mohd
|title=Contribution of Old boys of Darul uloom Deoband in Hadith Literature
|publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]]
|year=2017
|location=India
|language=ur
|hdl=10603/364028
|type=PhD
}}
* {{Cite thesis |last=Kumar |first=Akriti |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/575189 |title=Modernization and reform in Islamic education a comparative study of Darul Ulum Deoband and Nadwatul Ulama (1870–1950) |publisher=School of Social Sciences, [[Jawaharlal Nehru University]] |year=2023 |location=India |hdl=10603/575189 |degree=PhD |language=en}}
* {{Cite thesis |last=Shamsuzzaman |first=Muhammad |url=http://repository.library.du.ac.bd:8080/handle/123456789/577 |title=Role of Deoband Madrasa in Anti-British Movement |publisher=Department of Islamic History and Culture,[[University of Dhaka]] |year=2019 |location=Bangladesh |language=bn |degree=PhD |access-date=30 October 2022 |archive-date=3 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603012847/http://repository.library.du.ac.bd:8080/handle/123456789/577 |url-status=dead }}
* {{Cite thesis
|last=Uddin
|first=Shahab
|title=Beeswin Sadi Main Ulama e Jamia Azhar Misr or Ulama e Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Tafseeri Khidmaat Ka Taqabuli Mutalah
|publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]]
|year=2006
|location=India
|language=en
|hdl=10603/250326
|type=PhD
}}
* {{Cite thesis |last=Wani |first=Bilal Ahmad |title=Contribution of Darul Ulum Deoband to the Development of Tafsir |url=https://archive.org/download/ContributionOfUlamaDeobandToDevelopmentOfTafsir/Contribution%20of%20ulama%20deoband%20to%20development%20of%20tafsir.pdf |publisher=Shah-i-Hamadan Institute of Islamic Studies, [[University of Kashmir]] |year=2012 |location=Srinagar, India |language=en |degree=MA }}
{{refend}}

== Journals ==
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Akhtar |first=Muhammad Naveed |date=2022 |title=Darul Ulum Deoband: Preserving Religious And Cultural Integrity Of South Asian Muslims Through Structural And Strategic Innovations |url=https://hamdardislamicus.com.pk/index.php/hi/article/view/326 |journal=Hamdard Islamicus |language=en |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=79–100 |doi=10.57144/hi.v45i3.326 |s2cid=252890505 |issn=0250-7196 |doi-access=free }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Ali |first=Ahmad |date=1996 |title=The Dar Al-ulum Of Deoband: A Religio-political Movement For The Indian Muslims |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/fc8bbddabd9a83bf5d2e42007f524e6e/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1818767 |journal=Islamic Quarterly |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=23 |language=en |location=London |issn=0021-1842 }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Ansari |first=Shahabuddin |date=1980 |title=Darul Uloom Deoband |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/cb88e758a987a666d376cf7553d0fcc5/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1818767 |journal=Islamic Quarterly |language=en |location=London |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=111 |issn=0021-1842 }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Geaves |first=Ron |date=2012 |title=The symbolic construction of the walls of Deoband |journal=Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=315–328 |doi=10.1080/09596410.2012.676780 |s2cid=145625410 |issn=0959-6410|language=en}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Hakim |first=Masykur |date=2009 |title=From India to the World: Darul Uloom Deoband's Role in Preserving Hadith and the Sciences of Hadith |url=https://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/refleksi/article/view/38056 |journal=Refleksi |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=155–168 |doi=10.15408/ref.v11i2.38056 |issn=2714-6103 |url-access=subscription }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Ingram |first=Brannon D. |date=2015 |title=Crises of the Public in Muslim India: Critiquing 'Custom' at Aligarh and Deoband |journal=South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=403–418 |doi=10.1080/00856401.2015.1055420 |s2cid=143332373 |issn=0085-6401|language=en}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Ingram |first=Brannon D. |date=2019 |title='Modern' Madrasa: Deoband and Colonial Secularity |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26747455 |journal=Historical Social Research |volume=44 |issue=3 (169) |pages=206–225 |jstor=26747455 |issn=0172-6404 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Jan |first1=Samin |last2=Hilali |first2=AZ |date=2019 |title=Deoband Inspired Politico-Educational Movement in Pakhtūnkhwa during the British Rᾱj |url=https://tahdhibalafkar.com/Downloads/02-Vol-06-Issue-02-July-December-2019/Eng/02(17-32).pdf |journal=Tahdhīb al Afkār |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=17–33 |issn=2411-6211 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Khan |first=Alam |date=2021 |title=The Role of al-Madāris in the Indian Subcontinent in Serving of Prophetic Sunnah: The Case of Dârul-Ulum Deoband and Nadwatü'l-Ulema |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/rteuifd/issue/63021/891911 |journal=Journal of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Theology |language=ar |issue=19 |pages=165–178 |doi=10.32950/rteuifd.891911 |s2cid=236403993 |issn=2147-2823 |doi-access=free }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Khan |first=AN |date=1985 |title=Mawlana Mahmud al-Hasan (1851-to 1920): His Contribution to Dar-ul-Uloom, Deoband |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/31293042beb02a36eab3d4f6c4e5a278/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1819375 |journal=Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=123 |issn=0030-9796 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Khan |first=Shafique Ali |date=1990 |title=Some Ideological and Intellectual Deviations of the Scholars of Deoband Darul Uloom From the Fundamentals of Wali Allahi Philosophy |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/285e062652e31a6f68dc587865bfa831/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1819375 |journal=Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society |volume=38 |issue=3 |pages=192–219 |issn=0030-9796 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Metcalf |first=Barbara |date=1978 |title=The Madrasa at Deoband: A Model for Religious Education in Modern India |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0026749X00008179/type/journal_article |journal=Modern Asian Studies |language=en |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=111–134 |doi=10.1017/S0026749X00008179 |s2cid=145793477 |issn=0026-749X |url-access=subscription }}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Momen |first1=Abdul |last2=Ebrahimi |first2=Mansoureh |last3=Hassan |first3=Ahmad Muhyuddin |date=2023 |title=Identifying the Role of the First 'Qawmi Madrasah' Darul Uloom Deoband in the Indian Subcontinent |url=https://ebpj.e-iph.co.uk/index.php/EBProceedings/article/view/5055 |journal=Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal |language=en |volume=8 |issue=SI14 |pages=65–71 |doi=10.21834/e-bpj.v8iSI14.5055 |issn=2398-4287 |doi-access=free }}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Mubarok |first1=Asep Syahrul |last2=Imtihanah |first2=Anis Hidayatul |last3=Tanzilulloh |first3=M. Ilham |date=2021 |title=Eksistensi Gerakan Dar Al-ulum Deoband Dan Dar Al-ulum Nadwat Al-ulama |url=https://prosiding.muktamardosenpmii.com/index.php/mpdpmii/article/view/12 |journal=Prosiding Muktamar Pemikiran Dosen Pmii |language=id |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=55–68 |issn=2798-1487 |access-date=2 November 2022 |archive-date=2 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221102025511/https://prosiding.muktamardosenpmii.com/index.php/mpdpmii/article/view/12 |url-status=usurped }}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Mughni |first1=Syafiq A. |last2=Firdausi |first2=Ahmad |last3=Akmaliyah |first3=Akmaliyah |date=2019 |title=Dar al-Ulum of Deoband: An Education, Propagation, and Islamic Political Movement in India |url=https://journals.mindamas.com/index.php/tawarikh/article/view/1136 |journal=Tawarikh |language=en |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=87–102 |doi=10.2121/tawarikh.v10i2.1136 |doi-broken-date=11 July 2025 |issn=2085-0980 }}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Naveed |first1=Muhammad |last2=Rizwan |first2=Muhammad |last3=Qadari |first3=Abul Rasheed |date=2020 |title=Modernity and Islam in South-Asia: Approach of Darul Ulum Deoband Movement |url=https://iri.aiou.edu.pk/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/7-Modernity-and-Islam-in-South-Asia-Approach-of-Darul-Ulum-Deoband-Movement.pdf |journal=Journal of Academic Research for Humanities |language=en |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |issn=2663-192X |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=1 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101101734/https://iri.aiou.edu.pk/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/7-Modernity-and-Islam-in-South-Asia-Approach-of-Darul-Ulum-Deoband-Movement.pdf |url-status=dead }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Nazemianfard |first=Ali |date=2011 |title=Dar ul-Ulum of Deoband: Backgrounds and strategies |url=https://jsr.usb.ac.ir/article_823.html?lang=en |journal=Journal of Subcontinent Researches |volume=3 |issue=9 |pages=129–148 |doi=10.22111/jsr.2012.823 |doi-broken-date=11 July 2025 |language=fa }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Qureshi |first=Hamid Afaq |date=1991 |title=Funds Raising Devices And The Role Of The State Of Hyderabad And Bhopal In The Economic Viability Of The Dar-ul Uloom, Deoband, U.P. (1866-1976): Summary |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44142713 |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=52 |pages=815–816 |jstor=44142713 |issn=2249-1937 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Qureshi |first1=Rehana |last2=Akhter |first2=Maher Mohammad Sayeed |date=2014 |title=A critical study of the educational and contemporary services of Darul uloom Deoband |url=http://www.al-idah.pk/index.php/al-idah/article/view/308 |journal=Al-Idah |language=ar |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=142–156 |issn=2664-3375 }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Rahman |first=Abdur |date=2018 |title=Contributions Of The Scholars Of Darul Uloom Deoband To The Development Of Arabic Journalism In India |url=http://aldebal.com/index.php/aldebal/article/view/43 |journal=Aldebal |language=ar |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=63–73 |issn=2415-5500 }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Ramzan |first=Shazia |date=2013 |title=Darul Uloom Deoband-Its Evolution in the 19th Century British India and Impact on the System of Education in Pakistan |url=http://sbbwu.edu.pk/journal/FWU%20Journal%20Vol.7,%20No.2/8.%20Darul%20uloom%20Deoband%20FJWU%20RES%20PAPER%20PESHAWER.pdf |journal=FWU Journal of Social Sciences |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=157–164 |issn=1995-1272 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Ramzan |first1=Shazia |last2=Rubab |first2=Ainee |date=2017 |title=A Comprative Study Of The Ideological Orientations And Methodology Of Dar Ul Uloom Deoband, Nadwatul Ulama And Aligarh School |url=https://alqalamjournalpu.com/index.php/Al-Qalam/article/view/279 |journal=Al Qalam |language=en |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=1–10 |doi=10.51506/alQalam.26(2)279 |doi-broken-date=11 July 2025 |issn=2707-0077 |access-date=30 October 2022 |archive-date=21 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021193312/https://alqalamjournalpu.com/index.php/Al-Qalam/article/view/279 |url-status=dead }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Reetz |first=Dietrich |date=2005 |title=Dār al-'Ulūm Deoband and its Self-Representation on the Media [Corrected Title: Dār al-'Ulūm Deoband and its Mediatic Self-Representation] |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20838962 |journal=Islamic Studies |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=209–227 |doi=10.52541/isiri.v44i2.4698 |jstor=20838962 |issn=0578-8072 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Sa'diyah |first=Fatichatus |date=2020 |title=Deoband dan Perannya Bagi Muslim India |url=https://ejurnal.stiuda.ac.id/index.php/althiqah/article/view/25 |journal=Al-Thiqah: Jurnal Ilmu Keislaman |language=ms |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=17–38 |issn=2685-9467 }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Sikand |first=Yoginder |date=2008 |title=Reflections on Deoband's Anti-Terrorism Convention |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40277272 |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=43 |issue=12/13 |pages=13–15 |jstor=40277272 |issn=0012-9976 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Sikand |first=Yoginder |date=2010 |title=Deoband's Fatwas on Women |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27807043 |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=45 |issue=21 |pages=15–17 |jstor=27807043 |issn=0012-9976 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Sofi |first=Mohammad Dawood |date=2013 |title=Dar al ulum Deoband and Tasawwuf: A Brief Study of Moulana Rashid Ahmad Gangohi |url=http://hazaraislamicus.hu.edu.pk/public/uploads/2013/Issue_1/10-darululum-deoband-and-tasawwuf-daud-india.pdf |journal=Hazara Islamicus |language=ur |volume=02 |issue=1 |pages=19–28 |issn=2305-3283 |archive-date=19 May 2022 |access-date=2 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519145659/https://hazaraislamicus.hu.edu.pk/public/uploads/2013/Issue_1/10-darululum-deoband-and-tasawwuf-daud-india.pdf |url-status=dead }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Templin |first=James D. |date=2015 |title=Religious Education of Pakistan's Deobandi Madaris and Radicalisation |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26351354 |journal=Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=15–21 |jstor=26351354 |issn=2382-6444 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Wani |first=Bilal |date=2014 |title=Muslim Response to Western Education: A Study of Darul Ulum Deoband |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3879106 |journal=Islamic Literature Review |language=en |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=60–72 |ssrn=3879106 |issn=2349-1795 }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Wani |first=Bilal Ahmad |date=2016 |title=A Study Of Contribution Of Darul-ulum Deoband To The Development Of Fiqh |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3870768 |journal=South Asia Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies |volume=1 |issue=12 |pages=1–8 |ssrn=3870768 |issn=2395-1079 |language=en }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Zaini |first=Achmad |date=2022 |title=Traditional Ulama Movement Against Invaders: Darul Uloom Deoband, India and Pesantren Tebuireng, Indonesia |url=http://islamica.uinsby.ac.id/index.php/islamica/article/view/902 |journal=Islamica: Jurnal Studi Keislaman |language=en |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=194–221 |doi=10.15642/islamica.2022.16.2.194-221 |doi-broken-date=11 July 2025 |issn=2356-2218 |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=1 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101071558/http://islamica.uinsby.ac.id/index.php/islamica/article/view/902 |url-status=dead }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Zin |first=Aizan Hj Ali |date=1999 |title=Islamic Institution of Education In British India: A Study on Deoband Madrasah |url=http://jice.um.edu.my/index.php/JUD/article/view/3766 |journal=Jurnal Usuluddin |language=ms |volume=9 |pages=113–132 |issn=0128-0708 }}
{{refend}}

== Newspapers ==
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite news |last=Ahmad |first=Mahfuz |date=22 August 2017 |title=Darul Uloom Deoband and two Muslim world tourists |language=bn |work=[[Kaler Kantho]] |location=Bangladesh |url=https://www.kalerkantho.com/amp/online/nagorik-montobbo/2017/08/22/534827 }}
* {{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Saad |date=24 September 2019 |title=Deoband's amazing achievements around the world |language=bn |work=[[Kaler Kantho]] |location=Bangladesh |url=https://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/islamic-life/2019/09/24/818081 }}
* {{Cite news |last=Akbar |first=M.J. |date=4 February 2011 |title=The many battles for Deoband |language=en |work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]] |location=Bangladesh |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-172702?amp }}
* {{Cite news |last=Bin Wahid |first=Muhammad |date=31 May 2021 |title=155 years of Deoband Madrasa, a traditional religious institution |language=bn |work=[[Daily Naya Diganta]] |location=Bangladesh |url=https://www.dailynayadiganta.com/opinion/585437/%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AB-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%B0 }}
* {{Cite news |last=Chishti |first=Seema |date=27 July 2011 |title=The idea of Deoband |work=[[The Indian Express]] |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/the-idea-of-deoband/ }}
* {{Cite news |last=Ghosh |first=Shubhojoti |date=24 January 2019 |title=Why do foreign Muslims still rely on India's Deoband for religious interpretation? |language=bn |work=[[BBC Bangla]] |location=India |url=https://www.bbc.com/bengali/news-46864084.amp }}
* {{Cite news |last=Khosru |first=Ataur Rahman |date=26 April 2019 |title=Six Oldest Centers of Islamic Learning |language=bn |work=[[Kaler Kantho]] |location=Bangladesh |url=https://www.kalerkantho.com/amp/online/Islamic-lifestylie/2019/04/26/762896 }}
* {{Cite news |last=Muhammad Ubaidullah |first=Munshi |date=17 February 2017 |title=The Four Walls of Darul Uloom Deoband |language=bn |work=Amader Orthoneeti |location=Bangladesh |url=https://amaderorthoneeti.com/new/2017/02/17/67258/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 |access-date=1 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327013010/https://amaderorthoneeti.com/new/2017/02/17/67258/ |url-status=dead }}
* {{Cite news |last=Puri |first=Luv |date=3 December 2009 |title=Deobands battle for survival |language=en |work=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]] |location=Pakistan |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/917218/deobands-battle-for-survival }}
* {{Cite news |last=Qasemi |first=Habibur Rahman |date=14 February 2014 |title=Responsibility of Darul Uloom Deoband and successors |language=bn |work=[[Kaler Kantho]] |location=Bangladesh |url=https://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/dhormo/2014/02/14/51994 }}
{{refend}}

== Documentaries ==
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite AV media |url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=X3oOxgk2MEo&feature=youtu.be |title=Why is India's Darul Uloom Deoband Madrasa important to Muslims? |date=25 January 2019 |last=Ghosh |first=Shubhojoti |type=Videotape |language=bn |publisher=[[BBC Bangla]]}}
* {{Cite video |url=https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Centenary_Celebration_Of_Darul_Uloom_Deoband.webm |title=Indira Gandhi At Deoband – Centenary Celebrations Of Darul Uloom |date=1980 |type=Television production |language=hi |publisher=[[Prasar Bharati]] |place=India |format=webm}}
* {{Cite video |url=https://www.ndtv.com/video/shows/special-report/special-report-inside-the-muslim-deoband-aired-august-2005-286104 |title=Inside the Muslim Deoband |date=2005 |type=Videotape |language=en |publisher=[[NDTV]] |place=India}}
{{refend}}

== Seminars ==
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite conference |last=Neyazi |first=Taberez Ahmed |date=2010 |title=Darul Uloom Deoband: Stemming the Tide of Radical Islam in India |url=https://www.rsis.edu.sg/rsis-publication/rsis/co10029-darul-uloom-deoband-stemming-the-tide-of-radical-islam-in-india/#.Y1xy_LdxUVE |conference=RSIS Working Paper |language=en |location=Singapore |publisher=S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, [[Nanyang Technological University]]}}
{{refend}}

== Websites ==
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite web |title=Dar-ul-Uloom Deoband |url=https://www.csia-oxford.org/dar-ul-uloom-deoband.html |access-date=2022-10-30 |website=Changing Structure of Islamic Authority, [[University of Oxford]] |archive-date=28 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128230652/https://www.csia-oxford.org/dar-ul-uloom-deoband.html |url-status=dead }}
{{refend}}

== Other ==
=== Theses ===
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite thesis|last=Ahmed|first=Fakhar Uddin Ali|title=Arabic studies in educational institutions of Assam since 1947|publisher=[[Gauhati University]]|year=2010|location=India|pages=200–204 |degree=PhD |hdl=10603/67546}}
* {{Cite thesis|last=Ansari|first=Mohammad Asjad|title=Modern education in Madrasas A perspective study of different schools of thought|date=2017|page= |publisher=[[Jamia Milia Islamia]]|pages=114–126 |degree=PhD|hdl=10603/312804}}
* {{Cite thesis|last=Mujab|first=Muhammad|url=|title=Islamic sciences in india and indonesia: a comparative study|journal=|publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]]|year=2001|location=India|pages=67–84|hdl=10603/58830 |degree=PhD}}
{{refend}}

=== Books ===
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Hashmi |first1=Syed Masroor Ali Akhtar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QRhkQgAACAAJ |title=Muslim Response to Western Education: A Study of Four Pioneer Institutions |last2=Hashmi |first2=Masroor |date=1989 |publisher=Commonwealth Publishers |isbn=978-81-7169-005-3 |language=en |oclc=21149483}}
* {{Cite book |last=Sikand |first=Yoginder |title=Bastions of the believers: madrasas and Islamic education in India |date=2005 |publisher=Penguin Books India |isbn=978-0-14-400020-3 |location=New Delhi |language=En |oclc=64267397}}
* {{Cite book |last=Tareen |first=SherAli K. |url=https://undpress.nd.edu/9780268106706/defending-muhammad-in-modernity/ |title=Defending Muḥammad in modernity |date=2020 |isbn=978-0-268-10671-3 |location=Notre Dame, Indiana |oclc=1136108861}}
{{refend}}

== See also ==
* [[Bibliography of Deobandi Movement]]
* [[List of Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{URL|https://darululoom-deoband.com/en/|Official website}}
{{Darul Uloom Deoband}}

[[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband]]
[[Category:Islam-related lists]]
[[Category:Deobandi-related bibliographies]]
[[Category:Lists of books]]
[[Category:Education bibliographies]]

Lower Siang district

2026-01-23T05:20:57Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: improved article

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Lower Siang district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Arunachal Pradesh|District]] of [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_skyline = Malini Than.jpg
| image_caption = Malini Than, a ruined temple
| image_map = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center
|text= '''Lower Siang district'''
|type=shape |id=Q13602925
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
|stroke-width=2
|title= Lower Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh
|type2=line|id2=Q1162|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Arunachal Pradesh
}}
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Arunachal Pradesh
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Likabali
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 =
| subdivision_name2 =
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = likhabali
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 22630
| population_footnotes = <ref name="districtcensus1"/><ref name="districtcensus2"/>
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 =
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 =
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 =
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name2 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = https://siang.nic.in/
| official_name =
}}

'''Lower Siang district''' (Pron:/ˈsjæŋ or ˈsɪæŋ/) is one of the 25 administrative districts in the state of [[Arunachal Pradesh]], [[India]]. The new district was carved out of [[West Siang district|West Siang]] and [[East Siang district|East Siang]] districts and declared operational on 22 September 2017 and became the 22nd district of Arunachal Pradesh.

==History==
The creation of Lower Siang district was approved by the Arunachal Pradesh government of [[Nabam Tuki]] on 21 March 2013.<ref name="ToI-4new-approved">{{cite web|title=Arunachal clears bill for four new districts|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/Arunachal-clears-bill-for-four-new-districts/articleshow/19120040.cms|website=The Times of India|date=22 March 2013}}</ref>

The [[Government of Arunachal Pradesh]] approved creation of Lower Siang along with three other new districts in January 2013. Its territory was carved out of [[West Siang district|West Siang]] and [[East Siang district|East Siang]] districts.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/Arunachal-to-get-four-new-districts/articleshow/18041666.cms|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130704113703/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-01-16/guwahati/36373386_1_new-districts-changlang-west-siang|url-status=live|archive-date=2013-07-04|title=Arunachal to get four new districts|date=2013-01-16|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2013-01-16}}</ref>

The official formation of Lower Siang was delayed over disagreement upon the location of its headquarters.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1140808/jsp/northeast/story_18696898.jsp#.VC6lWL7PYTM |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006083407/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1140808/jsp/northeast/story_18696898.jsp#.VC6lWL7PYTM |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 October 2014 |title=New district |date= 8 August 2014 |work= [[The Telegraph (Calcutta)|The Telegraph]]|accessdate=3 October 2014}}</ref> On 22 September 2017 the commencement of operation of Lower Siang district, with [[Likabali]] as the temporary headquarters, was approved by the government led by Chief Minister [[Pema Khandu]].<ref name="TelInd-starts">{{cite web|last1=Lepcha|first1=Damien|title=Lower Siang starts functioning|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170923/jsp/northeast/story_174524.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032925/https://www.telegraphindia.com/1170923/jsp/northeast/story_174524.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 December 2017|website=The Telegraph India|date=23 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Khandu Cabinet approves Operation of Lower Siang District with HQ Likabali|url=http://arunachal24.in/khandu-cabinet-approves-operation-of-lower-siang-district-with-hq-likabali/|website=Arunachal24.in|date=22 September 2017}}</ref> On 16 March the Arunachal assembly selected Siji as the headquarters.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-16 |title=Arunachal: Siji is selected for permanent dist hq of Lower Siang |url=https://arunachal24.in/arunachal-siji-is-selected-for-permanent-dist-hq-of-lower-siang/ |website=arunachal24.in |language=en-IN}}</ref>

==Administration==
The Lower Siang District is composed of [[Likabali (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Likabali]] and [[Nari-Koyu (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nari-Koyu]] Assembly Constituencies.

== Demographics ==
Lower Siang had a population of 22,630. Scheduled Tribes make up 17,865 (78.94%).<ref name="districtcensus1">{{Cite journal |title=West Siang |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/12/1206_PART_A_DCHB_WEST%20SIANG.pdf |journal=2011 Census of India |series=District Census Handbooks - Arunachal Pradesh |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref><ref name="districtcensus2">{{Cite journal |title=East Siang |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/12/1207_PART_A_DCHB_EAST%20SIANG.pdf |journal=2011 Census of India |series=District Census Handbooks - Arunachal Pradesh |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref>

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Lower Siang district (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Religion – Arunachal Pradesh|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW00C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=census.gov.in |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Arunachal Pradesh|Christianity]]|blue|41.81}}
{{bar percent|[[Donyi-Polo]]|red|37.46}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|19.05}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|0.99}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.69}}
}}

===Languages===
At the time of the 2011 census, 71.98% of the population spoke [[Gallong language|Galo]], 5.14% [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 3.84% [[Boro language (India)|Bodo]], 3.60% [[Adi people#Language|Adi]], 3.23% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 2.55% [[Assamese language|Assamese]], 2.26% [[Hindi]], 2.23% [[Mising language|Adi Miniyong]] and 1.25% [[Mising language|Mishing]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Lower Siang district
|North = [[West Siang district]]
|Northwest = [[Upper Subansiri district]]
|East = [[East Siang district]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Dhemaji district]], Assam
|Southwest =
|West = [[Lower Subansiri district]]
}}

{{Arunachal Pradesh}}

{{coord missing|Arunachal Pradesh}}

[[Category:Lower Siang district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Arunachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:2013 establishments in Arunachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 2013]]

{{ArunachalPradesh-geo-stub}}

Ferdinand Stoliczka

2026-01-23T04:54:33Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: creating data

{{Short description|Moravian palaeontologist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}


{{Infobox scientist
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| name = Ferdinand Stoliczka
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'''Ferdinand Stoliczka''' ([[Czech language|Czech]] written '''Stolička''', 7 June 1838 – 19 June 1874) was a [[Moravia]]n [[palaeontologist]] who worked in [[India]] on [[paleontology]], [[geology]] and various aspects of [[zoology]], including [[ornithology]], [[malacology]], and [[herpetology]]. He died of high altitude sickness in [[Murgo]] during an expedition across the Himalayas.<ref name="Kapadia2005">{{cite book|last=Kapadia|title=Into the Untravelled Himalaya: Travels, Treks, and Climbs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-5l1RhMStxgC&pg=PA212|year=2005|publisher=Indus Publishing|isbn=978-81-7387-181-8|page=212|quote=There was a memorial to Ferdinand Stolickzka ... He died at Murgo on 19 July 1874, and a tower has been erected here in his memory.}}</ref>

==Early life==
Stoliczka was born at the lodge ''Zámeček'' near [[Kroměříž]] in [[Moravia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.libri.cz/databaze/orient/list.php?od=s&start=1 |title=''KDO BYL KDO - čeští a slovenští orientalisté, afrikanisté a iberoamerikanisté'' |publisher=Libri.cz |date=18 December 1962 |access-date=19 November 2013}} (in Czech).</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hedvabnastezka.cz/cestovatele/ferdinand-stolicka |title=''Stolička Ferdinand : První Čech v Himálaji - Cestovatelské legendy a současní cestovatelé - cestování, poznávání, dobrodružství '' |publisher=Hedvabnastezka.cz |access-date=19 November 2013 |archive-date=8 October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081008142134/http://www.hedvabnastezka.cz/cestovatele/ferdinand-stolicka |url-status=dead }} (in Czech).</ref> Stoliczka, whose father was a forester who took care of the estate of the Archbishop of Olomouc, studied at a German Secondary school in Kroměříž. Although Stoliczka published 79 articles from 1859 to 1875, he never wrote anything in Czech. It is believed that he spoke German at home. In his [[Calcutta]] years he was an important figure in the German-speaking community there.<ref name=ba>{{cite journal|author=Hruby, Jiri|year=2005|title=Ferdinand Stoliczka|journal=Birding Asia|volume=3|pages=50–56}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Hrubý J|year=2006|title=''Moravský ornitolog Ferdinand Stolička''|journal=Sylvia|volume=42|pages=130–135|url=http://oldcso.birdlife.cz/www.cso.cz/wpimages/other/sylvia42-14Hruby.pdf }} (in Czech).</ref>

Stoliczka studied [[geology]] and palaeontology at [[Prague]] and the [[University of Vienna]] under Professor [[Eduard Suess]] and Dr [[Rudolf Hoernes]]. He graduated with a Ph D from the University of Tübingen on 14 November 1861.<ref name="jade">[http://www.gemsandstamps.it/cms/dmdocuments/Schlagintweit.pdf] {{dead link|date=November 2013}}</ref> His early works were studies on some freshwater [[mollusca]] from the Cretaceous rocks of the north-eastern [[Alps]] about which he wrote to the Vienna Academy in 1859. His scientific career proper started in the Austrian Geological Survey, which he joined in 1861, and his first papers there were based on work in the Alps and Hungary.<ref name=ba/>

==Career in India==
[[File:GeologicalSurveyIndia1870.jpg|thumb|left|The Geological Survey of India in 1870. Standing: F Stoliczka, R B Foote, W Theobald, FR Mallet, V Ball, W. Waagen, WL Willson
Sitting: A Tween, W King, T Oldham, HB Medlicott, CA Hackett]]
In 1862 Stoliczka joined the [[Geological Survey of India]] (GSI) under the British Government in India after being recruited by Dr [[Thomas Oldham]] (1816–1878). In [[Calcutta]] he was assigned the job of documenting the [[Cretaceous]] [[fossil]]s of southern India and published them in the ''Palaeontologia indica'', along with [[William Thomas Blanford]]. By May 1873 this work was completed with four volumes totalling nearly 1500 quarto size pages with 178 plates.<ref name=wtb/> Among these works was the osteological description of ''Oxyglossus pusillus'',<ref>{{cite journal|author=Stoliczka F|year=1869|title=Osteological notes on ''Oxyglossus pusillus'' (''Rana pusilla'' Owen), from the tertiary frog-beds in the Island of Bombay|journal=Mem. Geol. Survey of India|volume=6|pages=387–394}}</ref> a fossil frog from the [[Deccan Traps]] of Bombay.<ref name=ba/>
[[File:Mudh Towering Range Pin Spiti Himachal Jun18 D72 7095.jpg|thumb|Stoliczka discovered the [[Mud village, Spiti#Geology|Mudh formation]] when he visited [[Mud village, Spiti]] in the 1860s]]
He studied the geology of the western [[Himalayas]] and [[Tibet]], and published numerous papers on many subjects including Indian [[zoology]]. He was also briefly (in 1868) the joint curator of the Indian Museum and also the Natural History Secretary of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. He was involved in editing the Society's journal.<ref name=ba/>

==Expeditions==
He visited Burma, Malaya and Singapore, and made two trips to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the [[Rann of Kutch]]. His first Himalayan trip was in 1864 with F. R. Mallet of the GSI. In 1865 he visited again with an artist friend and a dog to the Ladakh Valley. He visited [[Kutch]] in 1871–1872 but noted that his geology work kept him from making many observations. He noted wild [[cheetah]]s from the region and also what is now Stoliczka's bushchat. In 1873 he joined an expedition organized by Hume along with [[Valentine Ball]] to the Andaman and Nicobar islands.<ref name=ba/>

==Last expedition==
[[File:PaleontologiaIndica1.jpg|thumb|left|''Paleontologia Indica'' (1871)]]
His third and last expedition was the most important expedition (1873–1874) during the height of the "[[Great Game]]", the rivalry between the Russian and British empires. Eastern Turkestan ([[Kashgar]]ia) was a buffer state of prime importance. The British launched an official diplomatic enterprise—the [[Second Yarkand Mission]] led by [[Thomas Douglas Forsyth]] and to [[Yakub Beg of Yettishar|Yakub Beg]], the ruler of Chinese Turkestan.<ref name=ba/> The mission included 350 support staff and 550 animals.<ref name=ba/> The expedition also needed 6476 porters and 1621 horses and it is said that the Ladakh economy took four years to recover from the losses incurred.<ref name=ba/> The seven sahibs on the mission, in addition to Forsyth and Stoliczka, were [[Thomas Edward Gordon|Thomas E. Gordon]], [[John Biddulph]], [[Henry Walter Bellew|Henry Bellew]], [[Henry Trotter (Indian Army officer)|Henry Trotter]], and R. A. Champman.<ref name=trotter>[[Henry Trotter (Indian Army officer)|Trotter, Henry]] (1917). "The Amir Yakoub Khan and Eastern Turkestan in Mid-Nineteenth Century". ''[[Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society]]'' '''4''' (4): 95-112.</ref>

The mission set out from [[Rawalpindi]] to Leh ''via'' Murree. The mission travelled past the [[Pangong Tso|Pangong Lake]], Changchenmo and Karakash Valley onto [[Shahidulla]] and finally to [[Yarkant County|Yarkand]]. They reached Kashgar in December 1873. On 17 March 1874 they began the return journey. They were to visit the Pamir and Afghanistan areas but could not do so due to the political situation and returned to India via Ladakh. On 16 June 1874 he had severe headaches as they crossed the Karakoram pass (5580 m). That night, he wrote....
:''...upon this followed massive dolomitic limestone and this was overlain with blue shales. I must have a ramble in these limestones tomorrow.''
[[Image:YarkandMission.jpg|thumb|Report by [[Frederic Moore]] on the Lepidoptera collected on the mission]]
Captain Trotter reported that on the 18th "he started on horseback early in the morning to examine some rocks up the stream." He returned tired and complained of a headache. He breathed heavily and coughed all night. The native doctor diagnosed acute bronchitis and inflammation of the lungs and treated him with brandy mixed in a cough mixture. At 2 PM he drank some port wine and "his respiration grew slower and slower, and also did his pulse, and he finally breathed his last, dying so quietly that it was impossible to say at what precise instant he passed away".

Stoliczka died on 19 June 1874 at [[Murgo]] in [[Ladakh]]. His dying request was that the birds part of the scientific results of the expedition be published by [[Allan Octavian Hume]]. This work was finally, however, completed by [[Richard Bowdler-Sharpe]] seventeen years later.<ref name=ba/>
[[File:Yarkand1873.jpg|thumb|left|Dr Stoliczka (left) and Captain Biddulph (right) in Kashgar]]
[[Image:Stoliczka memorial.jpg|Memorial at the Moravian cemetery at Leh|thumb]]
[[Image:Stoliczka leh epigraph.jpg|Inscription on the memorial at [[Leh]]|thumb]]
Dr. [[H. W. Bellew]] did the post-mortem and confirmed "spinal meningitis deteriorated by over-exertion in strenuous endeavours after information, and the great height." Today this is generally believed to have been Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), a condition well known to Himalayan travellers. It manifests as pulmonary or cerebral oedema. Above {{cvt|5,000|m|ft|abbr=on}} this is fatal in about 40% of the cases. Conditions that aggravate it include exertion, fast ascent and alcohol, all of which were present in his case.<ref name=ba/>
[[File:Ferdinand_Stoliczka_Bust_at_Indian_Museum.jpg|thumb|alt=Bust at the [[Indian Museum]], dedicated by [[Geological Survey of India]]|Bust at the [[Indian Museum]], dedicated by [[Geological Survey of India]]]]

In his report on the expedition, Thomas E. Gordon touched on the death of his "highly valued friend and talented companion."<ref name=gordon>[[Thomas Edward Gordon|Gordon, Thomas Edward]] (1876) .''[https://archive.org/details/roworldanarrati00gordgoog The roof of the world: being a narrative of a journey over the high plateau of Tibet to the Russian frontier and the Oxus sources on Pamir.]'' Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas. p. 171.</ref>

A granite obelisk is erected in his memory at the Moravian mission cemetery in [[Leh]]. An obituary was published in ''Nature'' on 9 July 1874 by [[William Thomas Blanford|W. T. Blanford]].<ref name=wtb>{{cite web|url=http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/HistSciTech/HistSciTech-idx?type=div&did=HISTSCITECH.0012.0257.0005&isize=M |title=Problem while searching in History of Science |publisher=Digicoll.library.wisc.edu |access-date=19 November 2013}}</ref>

{{cquote|{{center|FERDINAND STOLICZKA, Ph D.
Born in Moravia 7th June 1838 
Died at Moorgo 19th June 1874 
while returning from Yarkund with the British 
Mission to which he was attached as Naturalist. 
Though young when he fell a sacrifice to duty, 
he had already achieved eminence by his 
researches into the geology and 
natural history of India 
AND HIS EARLY DEATH 
is deeply regretted by the world of science 
and by the Government of India, who 
in recognition of his able and 
honourable services, have 
caused this monu- 
ment to be 
erected 
1876}}}}

==Ornithological contributions==
[[File:Side view of S. B.jpg|thumb|Stolickza's Bushchat at [[Kutch]], where it winters]]
Stoliczka's interest in birds started only in 1864 when in the Himalayas and he was greatly encouraged by [[Allan Octavian Hume]], the "father of Indian Ornithology". His first ornithological work was making large collections of birds from the Sutlej Valley.<ref name=ba/>

[[Arthur Hay, 9th Marquess of Tweeddale|Arthur Viscount Walden]] recognized his contributions and welcomed the geologist Stoliczka ''to a high place among scientific ornithologists'' but disagreed with Stoliczka's idea of adding new species due to small differences in plumage. Hume however supported Stoliczka and wrote a note in the journal, Ibis, against the ''cabinet naturalists'' of London who knew nothing about the geography of India. Hume shortly afterwards started the journal ''Stray Feathers'' and persuaded ornithologists in India to publish there.

Some of Stoliczka's new species were later found to have been already described by the Russian zoologist [[Nikolai Alekseevich Severtzov|N. A. Severtzov]]. A week before his death, Stoliczka wrote to [[Valentine Ball]]...
: 'Please tell Waterhouse to order for the Asiatic, Severtzov's ''Turkestanskie Jevotnie'' immediately, if it is not at the Indian Museum. If they do not like ordering it, order it for myself through Truebner without delay. Do not forget, please.'

A partial list of his publications on birds includes:
* Stoliczka, F. (1873): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers. 1(5):425-427.
* Stoliczka, F. (1874): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers. 2(4&5):461-463.
* Stoliczka, F. (1874): Letters to the Editor. Stray Feathers. 2(4&5):463-465.
* Stoliczka, F. (1875): The avifauna of Kashgar in winter. Stray Feathers. 3(1,2&3):215-220.
* Stoliczka, F. (1872): Notice of the mammals and birds inhabiting Kachh [Cutch]. Jour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 41(2):211-258.
* Stoliczka, F. (1868): Ornithological observations in the Sutlej valley, N.W. Himalayas. Jour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 37(2):1-70.

==Herpetological contributions==
In the scientific field of [[herpetology]] Stoliczka described many new [[species]] of [[amphibians]] and [[reptiles]], and several [[species]] and a [[genus]] have been named in his honor by other [[herpetologist]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Beolens|first1=Bo|last2=Watkins|first2=Michael|last3=Grayson|first3=Michael|title=The Eponym Dictionary of Amphibians|location=Exeter, England|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QJY3BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA207|date=2013|publisher=Pelagic Publishing|isbn=978-1-907807-42-8|page=207}}</ref><ref name="EDR"/>

===Taxon described by him===
*See [[:Category:Taxa named by Ferdinand Stoliczka]]

==Eponymous species and subspecies==
Some of the species and subspecies named after Stoliczka are listed below. Not all names may be currently valid.
[[Image:Parnassius stoliczkanus nicevilli ulster.jpg|thumb|''[[Parnassius stoliczkanus]]'']]
[[Image:Triplophysa stoliczkai Day cleaned.png|thumb|''[[Triplophysa stoliczkai]]'']]
[[File:Laudakia stoliczkana, Eej Khairkhan Natural Monument, Tsogt sum, Govi-Altai province, North Gobi Desrt, Mongolia 4.JPG|thumb|''[[Paralaudakia stoliczkana]]'']]

=== Taxa named in his honor ===
*The ammonite genus ''[[Stoliczkaia]]''

'''Arachnids'''
*Stoliczka's crab spider, ''[[Thomisus stoliczka]]''
*The nursery web spider genus ''[[Stoliczka]]''

'''Birds'''
*Stoliczka's treecreeper, ''[[Certhia nipalensis]]''
*[[Stoliczka's bushchat]], ''[[Saxicola macrorhyncha]]'' Stoliczka, 1872

'''Fish'''
*Stoliczka's loach, ''[[Triplophysa stoliczkai]]'' ([[Franz Steindachner|Steindachner]], 1866)
*Stoliczka's barb, ''[[Pethia stoliczkana]]''

'''Insects'''
*[[Parnassius stoliczkanus|Ladakh banded apollo]], ''[[Parnassius stoliczkanus]]'' C. & R. Felder 1864
*[[Colias stoliczkana|Orange clouded yellow]], ''[[Colias stoliczkana]]'' [[Frederic Moore|Moore]], 1882

'''Mammals'''
*Stoliczka's trident bat, ''[[Aselliscus stoliczkanus]]''
*Stoliczka's mountain vole, ''[[Alticola stoliczkanus]]''

'''Reptiles'''
*Mongolia rock agama, ''[[Paralaudakia stoliczkana]]''<ref name=EDR/> ([[William Thomas Blanford|Blanford]], 1875)
*The snake genus ''[[Stoliczkia]]''<ref name=EDR>{{cite book|last1=Beolens|first1=Bo|last2=Watkins|first2=Michael|last3=Grayson|first3=Michael|title=The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ovZoFyLhzkC&pg=PT255|date=2011|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|location=Baltimore|isbn=978-1-4214-0135-5|pages=xiii + 296}} ("Stoliczka", p. 255).</ref>
*Stoliczka's tawny cat snake, ''[[Boiga ochracea|Boiga ochracea stoliczkae]]''<ref name=EDR/>
*Stoliczka's stripe-necked snake, ''[[Liopeltis stoliczkae]]''<ref name=EDR/>
*Frontier bow-fingered gecko, ''[[Altiphylax stoliczkai]]''<ref name=EDR/>
*''[[Paraxenodermus borneensis]]''''' ('''[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger]]''', '''1899) with the common names''': '''Borneo red snake''', '''Stolickza's stream snake''';''' is a species of snake in the family [[Xenodermatidae]].

==See also==
* [[Payer Island|Stoliczka Island (Остров Столичка)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Other sources==
* {{cite book|author=Kolmas, Josef |year=1982|title= Ferdinand Stoliczka (1838–1874) the life and work of the Czech explorer in India and high Asia.|publisher= Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universitat |place=Vienna|url=https://www.istb.univie.ac.at/uploads/wstb/WSTB_9.pdf}}
* {{cite book |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/209809#page/1/mode/1up |title=Scientific results of the second Yarkand mission : based upon the collections and notes of the late Ferdinand Stoliczka |via=[[Biodiversity Heritage Library]] |year=1891 |publisher=[[Eyre & Spottiswoode]] |location=London |access-date=16 October 2019}}

== External links ==
* [https://archive.org/details/scientificresult00blan] [https://archive.org/details/scientificresult01indirich Scientific results of the second Yarkand Mission; (1891)] [https://archive.org/details/Aves00Shar Birds]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110716123241/http://friendsofjade.squarespace.com/storage/members/v2/pdfs/SchlagintweitFOJParts4-5.pdf Herbert Giess, Early Modern European Explorers at the Mountain Jade Quarries in the Kun Lun Mountains in Xinjiang, China]
* [http://www.ubio.org/NZ/search.php?search=Stoliczka&colname=on&colauthority=on&colcomments=on&colcategory=on&colpublication=on&vol=&page= Genera proposed by Stoliczka]
* [https://archive.org/details/cretaceousfaunao03geol (1871) Paleontologia Indica. Cretaceous fauna of southern India. Volume 3]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Stoliczka, Ferdinand}}
[[Category:1838 births]]
[[Category:1874 deaths]]
[[Category:Ornithologists]]
[[Category:Paleontologists]]
[[Category:Biologists from the Austrian Empire]]
[[Category:Charles University alumni]]
[[Category:Expatriates in British India]]
[[Category:Lepidopterists]]
[[Category:Moravian-German people]]
[[Category:Explorers of South Asia]]
[[Category:Explorers of the Himalayas]]
[[Category:People from Kroměříž]]
[[Category:People associated with Lahaul and Spiti district]]
[[Category:Himalayan studies]]

TKR College of Engineering and Technology

2026-01-20T09:11:38Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: redirect

#REDIRECT [[Education in Hyderabad#Other institutions]]

{{Rcat shell|
{{R to related topic}}
}}

Grant Elliott

2026-01-14T17:51:05Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: added details for consistency

{{Short description|New Zealand cricketer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2015}}
{{Use New Zealand English|date=March 2015}}
{{Infobox cricketer
| name = Grant Elliott
| image = Grant Elliott 2018 (cropped).jpg
| caption = Elliott in 2018
| country = New Zealand
| country2 = World XI
| fullname = Grant David Elliott
| nickname = Shunt, Magic, Hairy Javelin
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1979|3|21|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Johannesburg]], [[Transvaal (province)|Transvaal]], [[South Africa]]
| heightft = 6
| heightinch = 2
| batting = Right-handed
| bowling = Right-arm [[swing bowling|medium]], occasional [[off spin]] and [[leg spin]]
| role = [[All-rounder]]
| international = true
| internationalspan = 2008–2016
| internationalspan2 = 2017
| testdebutdate = 22 March
| testdebutyear = 2008
| testdebutfor = New Zealand
| testdebutagainst = England
| testcap = 236
| lasttestdate = 3 December
| lasttestyear = 2009
| lasttestfor = New Zealand
| lasttestagainst = Pakistan
| odidebutdate = 18 June
| odidebutyear = 2008
| odidebutfor = New Zealand
| odidebutagainst = England
| odicap = 150
| lastodidate = 8 February
| lastodiyear = 2016
| lastodifor = New Zealand
| lastodiagainst = Australia
| odishirt = 88
| T20Idebutdate = 15 February
| T20Idebutyear = 2009
| T20Idebutfor = New Zealand
| T20Idebutagainst = Australia
| T20Icap = 36
| lastT20Idate = 12 September
| lastT20Iyear = 2017
| lastT20Ifor = World XI
| lastT20Iagainst = Pakistan
| club1 = [[Transvaal cricket team|Transvaal B]]
| year1 = 1996/97
| club2 = [[Gauteng cricket team|Gauteng]]
| year2 = 1998/99
| club3 = [[Griqualand West cricket team|Griqualand West]]
| year3 = {{nowrap|1999/00–2000/01}}
| club4 = [[Gauteng cricket team|Gauteng]]
| year4 = 2001/02–2002/03
| club5 = [[Wellington cricket team|Wellington]]
| year5 = 2005/06–2016/17
| clubnumber5 = 44
| club6 = [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]]
| year6 = 2009
| club7 = [[Leicestershire County Cricket Club|Leicestershire]]
| year7 = 2015
| club8 = [[Quetta Gladiators]]
| year8 = 2016
| club9 = [[St Lucia Zouks]]
| year9 = 2016
| club10 = [[Chittagong Vikings]]
| year10 = 2016
| club11 = [[Lahore Qalandars]]
| year11 = 2017
| clubnumber11 = 88
| club12 = [[Warwickshire County Cricket Club|Warwickshire]]
| year12 = {{nowrap|2017–2018}}
| clubnumber12 = 88
| columns = 4
| column1 = [[Test cricket|Test]]
| matches1 = 5
| runs1 = 86
| bat avg1 = 10.75
| 100s/50s1 = 0/0
| top score1 = 25
| deliveries1 = 282
| wickets1 = 4
| bowl avg1 = 35.00
| fivefor1 = 0
| tenfor1 = 0
| best bowling1 = 2/8
| catches/stumpings1 = 2/–
| column2 = [[One Day International|ODI]]
| matches2 = 83
| runs2 = 1,976
| bat avg2 = 34.06
| 100s/50s2 = 2/11
| top score2 = 115
| deliveries2 = 1,302
| wickets2 = 39
| bowl avg2 = 30.23
| fivefor2 = 0
| tenfor2 = 0
| best bowling2 = 4/31
| catches/stumpings2 = 17/–
| column3 = [[First-class cricket|FC]]
| matches3 = 83
| runs3 = 3,883
| bat avg3 = 30.57
| 100s/50s3 = 8/20
| top score3 = 196[[not out|*]]
| deliveries3 = 7,216
| wickets3 = 92
| bowl avg3 = 36.71
| fivefor3 = 1
| tenfor3 = 0
| best bowling3 = 5/33
| catches/stumpings3 = 46/–
| column4 = [[List A cricket|LA]]
| matches4 = 211
| runs4 = 5,126
| bat avg4 = 33.50
| 100s/50s4 = 7/28
| top score4 = 115
| deliveries4 = 4,827
| wickets4 = 130
| bowl avg4 = 33.36
| fivefor4 = 1
| tenfor4 = 0
| best bowling4 = 5/34
| catches/stumpings4 = 70/–
| medaltemplates = 
{{MedalSport|Men's [[Cricket]]}}
{{MedalCountry |{{NZ}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[ICC Cricket World Cup]]}}
{{Medal|RU|[[2015 Cricket World Cup|2015 Australia and New Zealand]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[ICC Champions Trophy]]}}
{{Medal|RU|[[2009 ICC Champions Trophy|2009 South Africa]]|}}
| date = 13 January
| year = 2019
| source = https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/grant-elliott-44956 ESPNcricinfo
}}
'''Grant David Elliott''' (born 21 March 1979) is a former New Zealand [[cricket]]er, who played all formats of the game. Primarily a batting [[all-rounder]], Elliott contributed a man of the match performance to provide entrance to New Zealand's first ever [[2015 Cricket World Cup Final|World Cup final]], by beating South Africa in 2015. Domestically, he played for [[Wellington cricket team|Wellington]]. He was also a part of the New Zealand squad to finish as [[2015 Cricket World Cup final|runners-up]] at the [[2015 Cricket World Cup]].

In March 2017, he announced his retirement from international cricket<ref name="retire">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/newzealand/content/story/1089215.html |title=Elliott signs Birmingham Kolpak deal and calls time on NZ |access-date=29 March 2017 |work=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref> and in August 2018, he retired from all forms of cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/24441393/grant-elliott-retires-all-forms-cricket |title=Elliott retires from all forms of cricket |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=22 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/828287 |title=New Zealand's CWC 2015 hero Grant Elliott calls it quits |work=[[International Cricket Council]] |access-date=22 August 2018}}</ref>

== Early life ==

The son of a South African plastic surgeon, Grant Elliott attended [[St Stithians College]],<ref>{{cricinfo|ref=newzealand/content/player/44956.html}} Retrieved 2008-10-23</ref> whose notable cricketing alumni include [[Michael Lumb (cricketer)|Michael Lumb]], [[Roy Pienaar]], [[David Terbrugge]], [[Dave Rundle]] and [[Kagiso Rabada]].

=== South Africa ===

He debuted with 67 in 1996–97 at [[Gauteng cricket team|Gauteng]], where on the advice of his captain, former New Zealand test skipper [[Ken Rutherford (cricketer)|Ken Rutherford]], who saw [[Cricket in South Africa#Demographics|the quota system]] possibly blocking his path to higher honours, Elliott left his native Johannesburg for New Zealand in 2001.<ref name=DominionPost/> He played one match for South Africa 'A' against India 'A' before he qualified to play for New Zealand in 2007.

== International career ==

Called up to the [[New Zealand cricket team|national team]] in early 2008 during [[England cricket team|England]]'s tour, he made his Test debut against England in the third test in [[Napier, New Zealand|Napier]] replacing [[Jacob Oram]].<ref>[https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/england/7272980.stm ''Kiwis turn to all-rounder Elliot''] [[BBC News]] retrieved 1 March 2008</ref>

Elliott went on to also make his ODI debut for New Zealand against England taking 3 wickets. In his second game, he scored his maiden ODI fifty. His maiden ODI century was in the 3rd game of the [[New Zealand cricket team in Australia in 2008–09|Chappell-Hadlee series]] scoring 115 against Australia at the SCG on Sunday 8 February 2009.

He also did well in the [[2009 ICC Champions Trophy|Champions trophy in South Africa]] in 2009 as he took a four wicket haul against England at the Wanderers which actually helped New Zealand to qualify for the semifinals and in the semifinals he played an innings of 75 not out to take the Black caps to victory against Pakistan.

===World records===

Elliott scored his second ODI century when [[Sri Lankan cricket team in New Zealand in 2014–15|Sri Lanka toured New Zealand]] prior to the [[2015 Cricket World Cup]]. Elliott and [[Luke Ronchi]] both broke several batting records as the pair lifted New Zealand from 93/5 to a commanding 360 off their 50 overs. Their stand of 267* is the [[List of One Day International cricket records#Highest partnerships by wicket|highest 6th wicket partnership]] in ODIs.<ref name="6thWicketODI">{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/new-zealand-v-sri-lanka-2014-15/content/story/823089.html |title=Ronchi, Elliott shatter records and flatten Sri Lanka |access-date=23 January 2015 |work=ESPN Cricinfo|date=22 January 2015 }}</ref>

In the inaugural [[Pakistan Super League]] in [[2016 Pakistan Super League|2016]] he along with [[Zulfiqar Babar]] set the [[List of Twenty20 cricket records#Record wicket partnerships|highest 10th wicket partnership]] in any forms of T20 (63).<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/959207.html|title=17th Match: Quetta Gladiators v Peshawar Zalmi at Sharjah, Feb 14, 2016 {{!}} Cricket Scorecard {{!}} ESPN Cricinfo|work=Cricinfo|access-date=2017-05-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/305252.html|title=Records {{!}} Twenty20 matches {{!}} Partnership records {{!}} Highest partnerships by wicket |website=ESPNcricinfo.com|access-date=17 November 2021}}</ref>

===2015 World Cup===

His finest moment however came in the [[2015 Cricket World Cup knockout stage#Semi-finals|2015 World Cup Semi final]] against [[South Africa]] where he scored an unbeaten 84 and was adjudged the [[Man of the match#Cricket|Man of the Match]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/656491.html |title=ICC Cricket World Cup, 1st Semi-Final: New Zealand v South Africa at Auckland, Mar 24, 2015|website=ESPNcricinfo.com|access-date=17 November 2021}}</ref> He hit the winning six off the second to last ball of the innings from Dale Steyn and created history by putting New Zealand into their first ever Cricket World Cup Final. In the final against Australia, Elliot top-scored for New Zealand, scoring 83 runs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-cricket-world-cup-2014-15-509587/australia-vs-new-zealand-final-656495/full-scorecard|title=Full Scorecard of New Zealand vs Australia Final 2014/15 - Score Report |website=ESPNcricinfo.com|access-date=17 November 2021}}</ref>

After the World Cup, Elliott was named in the Twenty20 side in 2016 after suffering an arm injury playing domestically for Wellington.

In April 2016, Elliott announced his retirement from ODI cricket.<ref name="retire-ODI">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/newzealand/content/story/993971.html |title=Grant Elliott retires from ODIs |website=ESPNcricinfo.com|access-date=17 November 2021}}</ref>

In August 2017, he was named in a [[List of World XI Twenty20 International cricketers|World XI]] side to play three Twenty20 International matches against Pakistan in the [[2017 Independence Cup (cricket)|2017 Independence Cup]] in [[Lahore]].<ref name="WXI">{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/pakistan/content/story/1117616.html |title=Faf du Plessis named captain of World XI to travel to Pakistan |website=ESPNcricinfo.com|date=24 August 2017 |access-date=17 November 2021}}</ref>

== Strengths ==

Early on, [[Ken Rutherford (cricketer)|Ken Rutherford]] noted his strong batting technique while also noting his occasional lack of self-belief. Former coach of the Wellington Firebirds, [[Anthony Stuart (cricketer)|Anthony Stuart]], commented that was "a tough cookie", and praised his commitment and high work ethic. [[Glenn Turner]], former convener of the national selection panel, considered Elliott a "thoughtful character" whose offside play was exceptional, such as his hallmark shot, the lofted drive over extra cover.<ref name=DominionPost/>

== Other ==

He played for [[Weybridge Cricket Club]] in the [[Surrey Championship]] in 2008.

Elliott is the maker of the Buzz Cricket Bat. It is used by himself, Dewayne Bowden, [[Mark Houghton]], Leighton Morgan, [[Chris Nevin]] and [[Luke Woodcock]].<ref name=DominionPost>{{cite news |url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/1395587 |title=Black Cap Grant Elliott creates a buzz |author=Millmow, Jonathan |author-link=Jonathan Millmow |date=9 February 2009 |work=[[The Dominion Post (Wellington)|The Dominion Post]] |access-date=24 January 2015}}</ref> Luke Woodcock scored 220 with it in a first-class game. Since he has been injured he has worked with [[Sky Sport (New Zealand)|Sky Sport]] in the [[2010 HRV Cup]].

In 2015, Elliott worked part-time as a business development manager.<ref name=BeaverToDreamer>{{cite web|title=From Beaver to Dreamer: Grant Elliott could be Black Caps' Stephen Donald|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/cricket/67451212/from-beaver-to-dreamer-grant-elliott-could-be-black-caps-stephen-donald|publisher=[[stuff.co.nz]]|access-date=5 May 2015}}</ref>

He currently works as a partnership manager for [[Life Flight (New Zealand)|Life Flight]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lifeflight.org.nz/profiles/grant-elliott/|title=Grant Elliott|website=Life Flight|access-date=2024-03-22}}</ref> Previously he worked full-time for [[cricHQ]] as a General Manager.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://about.crichq.com/blog/captains-report-may-2019|title=Captains Report May 2019|last=CricHQ|website=about.crichq.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2019-07-30}}</ref> He is also a cricket commentator for TVNZ and SENZ. His international shirt number has now passed to fellow ex-pat Black Cap - [[Devon Conway]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Grant Elliott}}
* {{Twitter}}
* {{cricinfo|id=44956}}
* {{NZCPA|Grant_D_Elliott}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Elliott, Grant}}
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Hebbal-Kittayya inscription

2026-01-05T15:04:48Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: new

{{Short description|Inscription stone in Bangalore, India}}
{{Contains special characters|Indic}}
{{AI-generated|date=October 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2020}}
{{Coord|13.040444|N|77.591250|E|type:landmark|display=title}}
[[File:Hebbal-Kittayya mantapa front view.jpg|thumb|349x349px|The Ganga Architectural Style Mantapa which houses Bengaluru's oldest Inscription Stone. ]]
[[Hebbal, Bangalore|Hebbal]] is a locality situated in the northern part of [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]], is recognized as one of Bengaluru’s oldest regions, with documented history extending back at least 1,300 years. Originally marking the northern boundary of the city, [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]] has since expanded significantly northward. The area is renowned for [[Hebbal Lake, Bangalore|Hebbal Lake]] which is thought to have contributed to early settlement in the area. Additionally, Hebbal is home to 3 valuable historical inscriptions that contribute to [[Inscription stones of Bengaluru|Bengaluru's rich epigraphic heritage]]. Two of these inscriptions are being preserved physically and digitally, while the status of the third inscription is unknown.

== Etymology ==
The etymology of "[[Hebbal, Bangalore|Hebbal]]" is believed to originate from the ''[[Old Kannada|Halegannada]]'' terms ''piriya'' (meaning "big") and ''polal'' (meaning "town"). Over several centuries, the name underwent various phonetic transformations:

''piriya + polal = per-bolal > pervvolal >perbbolal >perbbol > pebbol > pebbāla > hebbāla''

''ಪಿರಿಯ + ಪೊೞಲ್ = ಪೆರ‍್ಬೊೞಲ್ > ಪೆರ್ವ್ವೊೞಲ್ > ಪೆರ್ಬ್ಬೊೞಲ್ > ಪೆರ್ಬ್ಬೊಳ್ > ಪೆಬ್ಬೊಳ್ > ಪೆಬ್ಬಾಳ > ಹೆಬ್ಬಾಳ''<ref name="itihasa" />
[[File:Digital Image of the Word Hebbala (pĕrbŏḻalnāḍu) Obtained by 3D Scanning of The Hebbal 750CE Kittayya's Uralivu Herostone With Inscription.jpg|thumb|352x352px|Digital Image of a place name Pĕrbŏḻalnāḍu obtained by 3D scanning of the Hebbal 750CE Kittayya's Uralivu Herostone With Inscription. ]]
[[File:Digital Image Highlighting the Place Name 'Pĕrbŏḻalnāḍu' in the Hebbal 750CE Kittayya's Uralivu Herostone With Inscription.png|thumb|405x405px|Digital Image Highlighting the Place Name 'Pĕrbŏḻalnāḍu' in the Hebbal 750CE Kittayya's Uralivu Herostone With Inscription. ]]
Between the 9th and 11th centuries, a series of [[Phonetics|phonetic]] changes occurred in the Kannada language. Words beginning with "pa" frequently shifted to "ha" (for example, ''puli'' became ''huli'', and ''paalu'' became ''haalu''), and terms containing "va" were often replaced by "ba" sounds, as seen in the evolution of ''perbolal'' to ''[[Hebbal, Bangalore|Hebbal]]''.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last=A N |first=Narasimha |title=A Grammar of the oldest Kanarese inscriptions |publisher=University of Mysore |year=1941 |isbn= |location=Mysore |pages=}}</ref>

== Historic significance ==
[[Hebbal, Bangalore|Hebbal]] was a pivotal administrative center, overseeing 30 nearby towns and villages. A significant inscription dated to 750 CE on a hero stone commemorates '''Kittayya''', a resident of ''Perbolanadu'' (modern-day Hebbal), who bravely defended the region against a [[Rashtrakutas|Rashtrakuta]] invasion. This inscription establishes him as the earliest known inhabitant of [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]], often referred to as the city’s "first citizen." Additionally, the inscription references '''Pelnaagattharasa''', a chieftain who governed Hebbal during the reign of '''[[Sripurusha|Ganga King Sripurusha]]''' (r. 726–788 CE). [[Sripurusha|Sripurusha's]] extensive kingdom encompassed present-day [[Kolar district|Kolar]], [[Bangalore]], [[Krishnagiri]], [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]], [[Erode district|Erode]], [[Mandya district|Mandya]], [[Mysore district|Mysore]], [[Kodagu district|Coorg]], [[Chikmagalur district|Chikamagalur]], [[Shimoga district|Shimoga]], and [[Tumakuru district|Tumkur]] districts.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=P L |first=Udaya Kumar |title=A crowd-funded memorial for Bengaluru's 'first citizen' |url=https://citizenmatters.in/crowdfunded-memorial-in-hebbal-bangalore-to-house-kittaya-inscription-stone/ |website=Citizen Matters|date=16 January 2019 }}</ref>

A '''10th-century Hulibete Veeragallu''' (hero stone depicting a tiger hunt) discovered within the [[Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore|Indian Institute of Science (IISc)]] campus further underscores the region’s association with valor and the historical presence of tigers in the area.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |title=The Land on Which We Stand |url=https://connect.iisc.ac.in/2020/03/the-land-on-which-we-stand/ |journal=IISC}}</ref>

Another significant artifact from Hebbal is a '''750 CE [[Durga]] idol''', bearing a fragmented Kannada inscription, now preserved in the [[Hanuman|Anjaneya]] Temple in Bhoopasandra. This inscription records a land grant to the goddess Durga, suggesting the presence of an ancient shrine or temple dedicated to her in the region. The inscription lists four witnesses to the grant, reflecting a structured societal framework in Hebbal. Scholars propose a potential link between this [[Durga]] idol and the Hebbal-Kittayya hero stone, suggesting that Kittayya himself may have venerated this deity.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhoopasandra (Bengaluru) Inscriptions and Herostones |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhoopasandra_(Bengaluru)_Inscriptions_and_Herostones |website=Wikipedia}}</ref>{{Circular reference|date=February 2025}}

In addition to its administrative function, [[Hebbal Lake, Bangalore|Hebbal]] was vital as a water reservoir and agricultural center. Along with [[Koramangala]], [[Challaghatta metro station|Challaghatta]], and the [[Vrishabhavathi River|Vrishabhavathi Valley]], [[Hebbal, Bangalore|Hebbal]] served as a major water source for [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]]. Research conducted in the 1890s estimated the Hebbal Tank to have a water-holding capacity of approximately 27 million cubic feet. The surrounding area was also a prominent agricultural hub and a crucial trade route connecting [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]] to [[Hampi]] and other regions, enhancing its significance within the broader network of the [[Western Ganga dynasty|Ganga kingdom.]]<ref name=":2" />

== Preservation of the Inscription Stones ==
[[File:Hebbal-Kittayya mantapa right perspective view.jpg|thumb|374x374px|The Ganga Architectural Style Mantapa which houses Bengaluru's oldest Inscription Stone. ]]
The inscriptions were discovered in a precarious state, neglected in a roadside ditch. They were vulnerable to damage from ongoing road development projects. Fortunately, Dilip Kshatriya, a concerned local resident, recognized their historical significance and alerted both the authorities and the Revival Heritage Hub (RHH), a dedicated heritage conservation organization.

With RHH's assistance, the inscription was rescued and relocated to a safer location, averting imminent destruction. However, this was only the first step toward ensuring its long-term preservation.

To ensure long-term preservation, a group of committed citizens, led by P. L. Udaya Kumar, a former tech professional and current Honorary Director of [[Daly Memorial Hall|the Mythic Society]] Bengaluru Inscriptions 3D Digital Conservation Project team, initiated a crowdfunding campaign to construct a mantapa.

The campaign was widely supported, drawing contributions from individuals and organizations both domestically and internationally. This support highlighted the inscription's importance and the collective will to protect Bengaluru's historical heritage.

The funds raised enabled the construction of a mantapa designed in the Ganga architectural style, reflecting the period to which the inscription belongs. The mantapa not only protects the hero stone but also serves as a visual reminder of the city's rich and often overlooked history.

The Hebbal-Kittayya inscription, now housed within its dedicated mantapa, stands as a testament to the power of community-driven preservation. It exemplifies how citizens, working together, can safeguard their heritage for future generations.

The inscriptions were subsequently 3D scanned by The Mythic Society Bengaluru Inscriptions 3D Digital Conservation Team, ensuring their preservation for future generations. This digital documentation allows for detailed study and analysis, making the inscriptions accessible to researchers and enthusiasts worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |last=PL |first=Udaya Kumar |title=A crowd-funded memorial for Bengaluru's 'first citizen' |url=https://citizenmatters.in/crowdfunded-memorial-in-hebbal-bangalore-to-house-kittaya-inscription-stone/ |website=Citizen Matters|date=16 January 2019 }}</ref><ref name=":3" />

== Hebbal 750CE Kittayya's Uralivu Herostone With Inscription ==
{{Infobox artefact
| image = Digital Image of the Hebbal 750CE Kittayya's Uralivu Herostone With Inscription.png
| image_caption = Digital Image of the Hebbal 750CE Kittayya's Uralivu Herostone With Inscription
| writing = Kannada
| created = 750CE
| discovered_place = Hebbal
| name = Hebbal 750CE Kittayya's Uralivu Herostone With Inscription
| material = Stone
| height = {{convert|115|cm|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|84|cm|abbr=on}}
| discovered_by = P V Krishnamurthy in Itihasa Darpana Vol 37-38
| location = {{coord|13.040444|77.591250}}
}}

=== Characteristics of the Inscription ===
The inscription was first documented by P.V. Krishnamurthy in ''Itihasa Darpana'' (Vol. 37-38, 2018)<ref name="itihasa" /> and later by Srinivas V. Padigar in the ''Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society'' (Vol. 113, Issue No. 2, Apr-Jun 2022). It is carved on a granite slab measuring 115 cm in height and 84 cm in width. The characters are approximately 3 cm tall, 4 cm wide, and 0.24 cm deep. The stone's surface is moderately dressed, prepared specifically for inscription.

The inscription depicts a dynamic battle scene. A figure, standing proudly, holds a bow in one hand and a knife in the other. Despite being struck by spears or arrows, he faces an opponent on horseback. Interestingly, the mounted warrior is depicted in an unusual kneeling position on the horse’s back, rather than the traditional seated posture. The carving of the standing figure is notably elegant and well-proportioned, while the horse and rider appear somewhat distorted and disproportionate.

This hero stone sheds light on the concept of ''Uralivu'', illustrating how Kittayya bravely fought and sacrificed his life in defense of his town.

=== Discovery and dating ===

Until May 2018, lying in a roadside ditch close to [[Hebbal, Bangalore|Hebbal]] village gate were four ancient puja stones. These were in danger of being buried in any road development project. Dilip Kshatriya, a resident of [[Hebbal, Bangalore|Hebbal]] contacted Revival Heritage Hub (RHH), a Bengaluru based organization working in the area of heritage conservation and with their support, the four "puja" stones were shifted to an adjacent BBMP office. Of these four stones, one of which a veeragallu when dug revealed a hitherto unknown and undocumented inscription on the portion that was buried under the earth.<ref>{{cite news
|last1 = Hebbal Kittaya
|first1 = Inscription found in Ditch
|title = A crowd-funded memorial for Bengaluru's 'first citizen'
|url = https://bengaluru.citizenmatters.in/crowdfunded-memorial-in-hebbal-bangalore-to-house-kittaya-inscription-stone-31549
|issue = citizenmatters.in
|publisher = citizenmatters.in
|date = 16 January 2019
|access-date =
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> This veeragallu inscription was subsequently deciphered by Dr. P.V. Krishnamurthy an eminent Kannada epigraphist and dated to 750 CE.<ref name="itihasa" />

When discovered parts of the veeragallu had flaked and the inscription somewhat weathered. A 3D digital scan assisted in reading the inscription completely. On [[Palaeography|Palaeographic]] considerations, the date of the inscription is assigned to 750CE. In the absence of an explicit date mentioned in an inscription, it is a traditional practice to assign a date to the closest 10, 50, or 100th year on palaeographical considerations.

=== Transliteration of the text in modern English ===
The text of the inscription in [[Old Kannada|Purvada halegannada]] language and written in [[Western Ganga dynasty|Ganga period]] Kannada script was deciphered by eminent epigraphist Dr. P.V. Krishnamurthy.<ref name=itihasa>{{cite journal| author=Krishnamurthy, P.V.|trans-title=Ganga Sripurusana Hebbalada aprakatita veeragallu saasana| title=<ಗಂಗ ಶ್ರೀಪುರುಷನ ಹೆಬ್ಬಾಳದ ಅಪ್ರಕಟಿತ ವೀರಗಲ್ಲು ಶಾಸನ>| journal=Itihasa Darpana|volume=37-38|year=2018|pages=177–182|language=kn | url=https://archive.org/details/itihasa-37-38-final-low}}</ref> The exact transliteration of the inscription in [[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]] is as follows (line numbers are not part of the original inscription, including them is a default practice with inscriptions).

# svasti śrī siripuruṣa mahārājā prathuvī rājyaṃgeyye
# perbboḷalnāḍu mūvattumānpeḻnāgattarasarāḷe āra
# kammoṟara maiṃdunaṃ koḍandaleyara kittayanā raṭṭavā
# ḍi kūci tandoḍe ūraḻivinūḷeṟidindraka pukān
# pergundiyu kiṟugundi tamma kurḷniṟidodu i kalluṃ

=== Transliteration of the text in modern Kannada ===
[[File:Digitallly generated image from a 3D scan of the 750CE Hebbal-Kittayya veeragalu.jpg|right|thumb|198x198px|Digitally generated image of the inscription from a 3D scan of the 750CE Hebbal-Kittayya veeragallu]]

The full reading of the inscription as published by Dr. [[P.V. Krishnamurthy]] in Itihaasa Darpana Vol 36-38, 2018.<ref name=itihasa />

# ಸ್ವಸ್ತಿ ಶ್ರೀ ಸಿರಿಪುರುಷ ಮಹಾರಾಜಾ ಪ್ರಥುವೀ ರಾಜ್ಯಂಗೆಯ್ಯೆ
# ಪೆರ್ಬ್ಬೊಳಲ್ನಾಡು ಮೂವತ್ತುಮಾನ್ಪೆೞ್ನಾಗತ್ತರಸರಾಳೆ ಆರ
# ಕಮ್ಮೊಱರ ಮೈಂದುನಂ ಕೊಡನ್ದಲೆಯರ ಕಿತ್ತಯನಾ ರಟ್ಟವಾ
# ಡಿ ಕೂಚಿ ತನ್ದೊಡೆ ಊರೞಿವಿನೂಳೆಱಿದಿನ್ದ್ರಕ ಪುಕಾನ್
# ಪೆರ್ಗುನ್ದಿಯು ಕಿಱುಗುನ್ದಿ ತಮ್ಮ ಕುರ್ಳ್ನಿಱಿದೊದು ಇ ಕಲ್ಲುಂ

=== Explanation of the inscription ===
A literal translation of the inscription is:

{{Quotation|"When SriPurusha Maharaja was ruling the Earth, Pelnagattarasa was administering Perbbolalnaadu-30, Kittayya the brother-in-law of Arakommora of Kodandale clan attained Indra Loka in an uuralivu battle during a Rattavadi attack. This stone was installed by Pergundi and his brother Kirugundi".
The inscription carved on a veeragallu that commemorates Kittayya, a resident of Perbbolnaadu-30 who was martyred while defending an attack by the Rattavadis (i.e., Rashtrakutas). The attack intended to raze to the ground (uru-alivu) the town Perbbol. At this time, Pelnagattarasa was the chieftain of Perbbolalbnaadu and SriPurusha the King. The suffix 30 Perbbolnaadu indicates that it was provincial head for an administrative unit of 30 nearby towns and villages in the Ganga kingdom.}}

[[Sripurusha|Ganga King Sripurusha]] was a powerful king of the Ganga dynasty who ruled between 726 - 788 CE. The [[Gangas|Western Ganga dynasty]] were a powerful Southern Indian dynasty from 400-1000CE. Sripurusha’s kingdom referred to as Gangavadi 96000<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rao |first1=M. V. Krishna |title=The Gangas of Talkad: A Monograph on the History of Mysore from the Fourth to the Close of the Eleventh Century |date=1936 |publisher=B.G. Paul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jqo9AAAAIAAJ |language=en |pages=139, 305}}</ref> extended to the regions of modern-day Kolar, Bangalore, Krishnagiri, Salem, Erode, Mandya, Mysore, Coorg, Chikamagalur, Shimoga and Tumkur districts. Numerous veeragallu found from this period in these regions are testimonies to the fierce battles and skirmishes between the Gangas and the Rashtrakutas<ref>{{cite book
| title = Rashtrakuta Relations with the Gangas of Talakad
| last = K S
| first = Shivanna
| year = 1977
| publisher = Prasaranga, University of Mysore
| location = Mysore
| isbn =
| pages =
}}</ref> during this period.

=== Importance of the inscription ===
# The Hebbal-Kittayya inscription is the oldest intact Kannada inscription in the city of Bengaluru. For comparison, it predates the earliest available literary work in Kannada, [[Kavirajamarga]] by about 100 years and provides an idea of the form and shape of characters that would have been used in this famous literary work by its author.
# Being the oldest inscription in Bengaluru, Kittayya named in the inscription is the first documented resident of modern-day Bengaluru. This is the reason why he is fondly referred to as Bengaluru's first citizen by many historians.<ref name=":3">{{cite news
|last1 =
|first1 =
|title = Crowdfunded memorial for Bengaluru's oldest citizen is ready
|url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/crowdfunded-memorial-for-bengalurus-oldest-citizen-is-ready/articleshow/73239985.cms
|issue = timesofindia.indiatimes.com
|publisher = timesofindia.indiatimes.com
|date = 14 January 2019
|access-date =
|df = dmy-all

}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Indian inscriptions]]
*[[Kannada inscriptions]]
*[[Early Indian epigraphy]]
*[[History of Bangalore]]
*[[Western Ganga dynasty]]
*[[Hindu temple architecture]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hebbal-Kittayya Inscription}}
[[Category:Kannada literature]]
[[Category:Literature of Karnataka]]
[[Category:History of Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Kannada inscriptions]]
[[Category:Inscription stones of Bengaluru]]

List of international cricket centuries by Virender Sehwag

2026-01-02T15:44:19Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: expanded layout for clarity

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
[[File:Virender Sehwag 2.jpg|thumb|200px|right|[[Virender Sehwag]] scored 23 centuries in Test matches and 15 in One Day Internationals for India.|alt=Virender Sehwag in 2008]]

[[Virender Sehwag]] is an Indian [[cricket]]er whose aggressive batting has found success at the top of the batting order.<ref name="Cricinfo" /> He has scored [[Century (cricket)|centuries]] (100 or more [[Run (cricket)|runs]]) on 23 occasions in [[Test cricket]] and in 15 [[One Day International]] (ODI) matches but has not scored a century in a [[Twenty20#International|Twenty20 international]].<ref name="Cricinfo">{{cite web| title=Player Profile:Virender Sehwag|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/india/content/player/35263.html| publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=20 July 2009}}</ref><ref name="cricketarchive">{{cite web|url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/7/7744/7744.html|title=Virender Sehwag|publisher=CricketArchive|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>

In Tests, Sehwag has scored centuries against all the [[Test cricket#Test cricket playing teams|Test-cricket playing nations]] except [[Bangladesh national cricket team|Bangladesh]] and [[Zimbabwe national cricket team|Zimbabwe]], and is fifth on the list of leading Test century makers for [[India national cricket team|India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Records – Test matches – Most hundreds in a career for India |url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_hundreds_career.html?class=1;id=6;type=team |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=20 February 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071216011059/http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_hundreds_career.html?class=1%3Bid%3D6%3Btype%3Dteam |archive-date=16 December 2007 }}</ref> In 2001, he became the eleventh Indian player to score a century on Test debut, with 105 runs against [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]].<ref>
{{cite web|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/content/records/239555.html|title=Records – Test matches – Hundred on debut |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref> His centuries have been scored at fourteen cricket grounds, eight of which were outside India. He has made six scores of 200 runs or more,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;filter=advanced;orderby=runs;runsmin1=200;runsval1=runs;team=6;template=results;type=batting|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120717233922/http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;filter=advanced;orderby=runs;runsmin1=200;runsval1=runs;team=6;template=results;type=batting|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 July 2012|title=ESPNcricinfo – Most double centuries by an Indian batsman|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=4 December 2009}}</ref> of which a record three have come against [[Pakistan cricket team|Pakistan]].<ref group="Notes">[[Kumar Sangakkara]] is the other player with three double centuries against Pakistan.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;filter=advanced;opposition=7;orderby=runs;runsmin1=200;runsval1=runs;template=results;type=batting|title=Batting records – Test matches – – Double centuries against Pakistan|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=1 August 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?batting_positionmax1=2;batting_positionval1=batting_position;class=1;filter=advanced;orderby=runs;runsmin1=200;runsval1=runs;template=results;type=batting|title=Most Double centuries as opener – Statsguru|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=13 August 2009}}</ref> One such innings, the 254 in [[Lahore]], had him involved in a 410-run partnership with [[Rahul Dravid]], which came within 3 runs of breaking the record for the highest first-wicket partnership in Tests, set by [[Pankaj Roy]] and [[Vinoo Mankad]].<ref>
{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/290804.html|title=Wisden – Pakistan v India, 2005–06|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 October 2009|last=Saimuddin|first=Osman|date=16 April 2007}}
</ref> The innings took only 247 balls and was the highest score at faster than a run a ball.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/290804.html|title=Pakistan v India, 2005–06|last=Saimuddin|first=Osman|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=6 November 2009|date=16 April 2007}}</ref> Sehwag is the first Indian to score a triple century (300 or more runs), and has done so twice—309 against Pakistan in [[Multan]] in 2004 and 319 against South Africa in [[Chennai]] in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/india/engine/records/batting/most_runs_innings.html?class=1;id=6;type=team|title=Cricket Records – India – Test matches – High scores|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409085841/http://stats.cricinfo.com/india/engine/records/batting/most_runs_innings.html?class=1%3Bid%3D6%3Btype%3Dteam|archive-date=9 April 2009}}</ref> The latter is the fastest triple century in Test cricket, the 300 coming up off just 278 balls, and is also the highest score with a [[Strike rate#Batting strike rate|strike rate]] over 100.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?class=1;filter=advanced;orderby=batted_score;runsmin1=319;runsval1=runs;template=results;type=batting;view=innings|title=Batting records – Test matches – Highest Scores|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=3 November 2009}}</ref> It was also rated as one of the top 10 Test innings of all time by the ICC rankings, and received special mention along with his 201* in [[Galle International Stadium|Galle]], in which he [[carry the bat|carried his bat]] as he was named the [[Wisden Leading Cricketer in the World]] in 2008.<ref name="top">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/398689.html|title=Wisden – Virender Sehwag |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=23 October 2009|last=Shastri|first=Ravi|date=8 April 2009 }}</ref> He is one of the only four batsmen to score two triple centuries, alongside [[Sir Donald Bradman]], [[Brian Lara]] and [[Chris Gayle]].<ref name="Cricinfo"/> He scored 12 centuries that have been converted to scores of 150 or greater, a record for the most consecutive hundreds of over 150.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/slvind/content/story/363196.html?wrappertype=print|title=Sri Lanka v India, 2nd Test, Galle, 2nd day Report|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=29 July 2009|last=Monga|first=Sidharth}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cricket.expressindia.com/news/inconsistent-sehwag-a-consistent-150plus-scorer/266255/|title=Inconsistent Sehwag a consistent 150-plus scorer|publisher=cricket.expressindia.com|access-date=29 July 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516001126/http://cricket.expressindia.com/news/Inconsistent-Sehwag-a-consistent-150plus-scorer/266255/|archive-date=16 May 2008}}</ref> He has been [[List of cricket terms#dismissal|dismissed]] five times in the nineties.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/35263.html?class=1;filter=advanced;orderby=start;runsmax1=99;runsmin1=90;runsval1=runs;template=results;type=batting;view=innings|title=Virender Sehwag 90s|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=8 December 2011}}</ref>

In ODIs, Sehwag has scored centuries against six opponents. His maiden century was made against [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] at the [[Sinhalese Sports Club]], [[Colombo]] in 2001. He has scored a record five centuries in matches between them and India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_hundreds_career.html?class=2;id=5;id=6;type=headtohead|title=Cricket Records – India v New Zealand – One-Day Internationals – Most hundreds|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=29 July 2009}}</ref> One such century in [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]] in 2009 was the fastest by an Indian, coming from 60 [[List of cricket terms#delivery|deliveries]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/content/records/211608.html|title=Records – One-Day Internationals – Batting records – Fastest hundreds|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=29 July 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.cricinfo.com/india/engine/records/batting/most_hundreds_career.html?class=2;id=6;type=team|title=Cricket Records – India – One-Day Internationals – Most hundreds|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=29 July 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081226192323/http://stats.cricinfo.com/india/engine/records/batting/most_hundreds_career.html?class=2%3Bid%3D6%3Btype%3Dteam|archive-date=26 December 2008}}</ref> Of these centuries, five were scored at home grounds and eight were at away (opposition's home) or neutral venues. His highest score of 219, the second highest ODI score for India was made against the [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] at the [[Holkar Cricket Stadium]] in [[Indore]].<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/16090375| title= Virender Sehwag hits record one-day international score | date = 8 December 2011|access-date= 8 December 2011 | publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> He has been dismissed five times in the nineties.<ref name="odidis">{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/35263.html?class=2;filter=advanced;orderby=start;runsmax1=99;runsmin1=90;runsval1=runs;template=results;type=batting;view=innings|title=Virender Sehwag – ODI nineties|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=8 December 2011}}</ref>

==Key==
[[File:M. A. Chidambaram Stadium Challenger Trophy 2006.jpg|right|thumb|[[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium]], [[Chennai]], where Sehwag got his highest score, 319, versus South Africa|alt=A cricketer bowling in front of largely empty stands. A single lit floodlight is visible in the background. Other cricketers can also be seen batting or fielding on the ground.]]

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" border="1"
|+ Key for centuries' lists
|-
! scope="col" style="width:50px" | Symbol
! scope="col" style="width:450px" | Meaning
|-
! scope="row" | *
| Remained [[not out]]
|-
! scope="row" | {{dagger|alt=MoM}}
| [[Man of the match]]
|-
! scope="row" | {{double-dagger|Capt.}}
| Captained the Indian cricket team
|-
! scope="row" | Balls
| [[Bowling (cricket)|Balls]] faced
|-
! scope="row" | Pos.
| Position in the [[Batting order (cricket)|batting order]]
|-
! scope="row" | Inn.
| The [[Innings#Cricket|innings]] of the match
|-
! scope="row" | Test
| The number of the Test match played in that series
|-
! scope="row" | S/R
| [[Strike rate]] during the innings
|-
! scope="row" | H/A/N
| Venue was at home (India), away or neutral
|-
! scope="row" | Date
| Date the match was held, or the starting date of match for Test matches
|-
! scope="row" | Lost
| The match was lost by India.
|-
! scope="row" | Won
| The match was won by India.
|-
! scope="row" | Drawn
| The match was [[Result (cricket)#Draw|drawn]].
|}

== Test centuries ==
{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|+ Test cricket centuries scored by Virender Sehwag<ref>{{cite web|title=Statistics / V Sehwag / Test matches|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/35263.html?class=1;filter=advanced;orderby=start;runsmin1=100;runsval1=runs;template=results;type=batting;view=innings|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=8 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
!No.
!Score
!Balls
!Against
!Pos.
!Inn.
!Test
!S/R
!Venue
!H/A/N
!Date
!Result
!Ref
|-
| 1
! scope="row" | {{sort|1050|105}}
|| 173 || {{cr|SAF}} || 6 || 1 || 1/2 || 60.69 || [[Springbok Park]], [[Bloemfontein]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2001|November|3}} || Lost || <ref name="ct1">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/63951.html|title=1st Test: South Africa v India at Bloemfontein, November 3–6, 2001|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 2
! scope="row" | {{sort|1060|106}}
|| 183 || {{cr|ENG}} || 2 || 1 || 2/4 || 57.92 || [[Trent Bridge]], [[Nottingham]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2002|August|8}} || Drawn || <ref name="ct2">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/63998.html|title=2nd Test: England v India at Nottingham, August 8–12, 2002|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 3
! scope="row" | {{sort|1470|147}} {{dagger}}
|| 206 || {{cr|WIN}} || 2 || 1 || 1/3 || 71.35 || [[Wankhede Stadium]], [[Mumbai]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2002|October|9}} || Won || <ref name="ct3">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64004.html|title=1st Test: India v West Indies at Mumbai, October 9–12, 2002|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 4
! scope="row" | {{sort|1300|130}}
|| 225 || {{cr|NZL}} || 2 || 2 || 2/2 || 57.77 || [[Punjab Cricket Association Stadium]], [[Mohali]] || Home ||{{dts|format=dmy|2003|October|18}} || Drawn || <ref name="ct4">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64047.html|title=2nd Test: India v New Zealand at Mohali, October 16–20, 2003|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 5
! scope="row" | {{sort|1950|195}}
|| 233 || {{cr|AUS}} || 2 || 1 || 3/4 || 83.69 || [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]], [[Melbourne]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2003|December|26}} || Lost || <ref name="ct5">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64061.html|title=3rd Test: Australia v India at Melbourne, December 26–30, 2003 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 6
! scope="row" | {{sort|3090|309}} {{dagger}}
|| 375 || {{cr|PAK}} || 2 || 1 || 1/3 || 82.40 || [[Multan Cricket Stadium]], [[Multan]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2004|March|28}} || Won || <ref name="ct6">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64081.html|title=1st Test: Pakistan v India at Multan, Mar 28 – Apr 1, 2004|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 7
! scope="row" | {{sort|1550|155}}
|| 221 || {{cr|AUS}} || 2 || 2 || 2/4 || 70.13 || [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium]], [[Chennai]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2004|October|15}} || Drawn || <ref name="ct7">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64100.html|title=2nd Test: India v Australia at Chennai, October 14–18, 2004|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 8
! scope="row" | {{sort|1640|164}}
|| 228 || {{cr|ZAF}} || 1|| 2 || 1/2 || 71.92 || [[Green Park Stadium|Green Park]], [[Kanpur]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2004|November|23}} || Drawn || <ref name="ct8">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64109.html|title=1st Test: India v South Africa at Kanpur, November 20–24, 2004|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 9
! scope="row" | {{sort|1730|173}}
|| 244 || {{cr|PAK}} || 2 || 2 || 1/3 || 70.90 || [[Punjab Cricket Association Stadium]], [[Mohali]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2005|March|10}} || Drawn || <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/pakistan-tour-of-india-2004-05-61525/india-vs-pakistan-1st-test-64125/live-cricket-score |title=IND vs PAK 1st Test Punjab Cricket Association Stadium, Mohali, Chandigarh March 08 - 12, 2005 | Live Score of Pakistan tour of India 2004 }}</ref>
|-
| 10
! scope="row" | {{sort|2010|201}}
|| 262 || {{cr|PAK}} || 2 || 2 || 3/3 || 76.71 || [[M. Chinnaswamy Stadium]], [[Bangalore]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2005|March|26}} || Lost || <ref name="ct10">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64127.html|title=3rd Test: India v Pakistan at Bangalore, March 24–28, 2005|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 11
! scope="row" | {{sort|2540|254}} {{dagger}}
|| 247 || {{cr|PAK}} || 1 || 2 || 1/3 || 102.83 || [[Gaddafi Stadium]], [[Lahore]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2006|January|16}} || Drawn || <ref name="ct11">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/232615.html|title=1st Test: Pakistan v India at Lahore, January 13–17, 2006|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 12
! scope="row" | {{sort|1800|180}} {{dagger}}
|| 190 || {{cr|WIN}} || 2 || 1 || 2/4 || 94.73 || [[Beausejour Stadium]], [[Gros Islet]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2006|June|10}} || Drawn || <ref name="ct15">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/239921.html|title=2nd Test: West Indies v India at Gros Islet, June 10–14, 2006 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 13
! scope="row" | {{sort|1510|151}}
|| 236 || {{cr|AUS}} || 1 || 3 || 4/4 || 63.98 || [[Adelaide Oval]], [[Adelaide]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|January|28}} || Drawn || <ref name="ct12">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/291354.html
|title=4th Test: Australia v India at Adelaide, January 24–28, 2008|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 14
! scope="row" | {{sort|3190|319}} {{dagger}}
|| 304 || {{cr|ZAF}} || 2 || 2 || 1/3 || 104.93 || [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium]], [[Chennai]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|March|28}} || Drawn || <ref name="ct13">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/332911.html|title=1st Test: India v South Africa at Chennai, March 26–30, 2008|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 15
! scope="row" | {{sort|2011|201}}* {{dagger}}
|| 231 || {{cr|SRI}} || 2 || 1 || 2/3 || 87.01 || [[Galle International Stadium]], [[Galle]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|July|31}} || Won || <ref name="ct14">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/343730.html|title=2nd Test: Sri Lanka v India at Galle, Jul 31 – Aug 3, 2008|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 16
! scope="row" | {{sort|1310|131}}
|| 122 || {{cr|SRI}} || 2 || 1 || 2/3 || 107.37 || [[Green Park Stadium|Green Park]], [[Kanpur]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|November|24}} || Won || <ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/indvsl2009/engine/current/match/430882.html|title=2nd Test: India v Sri Lanka at Kanpur, Nov 24–27, 2009
|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=29 November 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 17
! scope="row" | {{sort|2930|293}} {{dagger}}
|| 254 || {{cr|SRI}} || 2 || 1 || 3/3 || 115.35 || [[Brabourne Stadium]], [[Mumbai]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|December|3}} || Won || <ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/430883.html|title=3rd Test: India v Sri Lanka at Mumbai, Dec 2–6, 2009
|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=3 December 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 18
! scope="row" | {{sort|1090|109}}
|| 139 || {{cr|RSA}} || 2 || 1 || 1/2 || 78.41 || [[Vidarbha Cricket Association Stadium]], [[Nagpur]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|February|8}} || Lost || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/indvrsa2010/engine/match/441825.html|title=1st Test: India v South Africa at Nagpur, Feb 6–9, 2010 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo
|access-date=21 February 2010}}</ref>
|-
| 19
! scope="row" | {{sort|1650|165}}
|| 174 || {{cr|RSA}} || 2 || 1 || 2/2 || 94.82 || [[Eden Gardens]], [[Kolkata]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|February|15}} || Won || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/441826.html|title=2nd Test: India v South Africa at Kolkata, Feb 14–18, 2010 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=21 February 2010}}</ref>
|-
| 20
! scope="row" | {{sort|1091|109}}
|| 118 || {{cr|SRI}} || 2 || 2 || 1/3 || 92.37 || [[Galle International Stadium]], [[Galle]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|July|20}} || Lost || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/india/engine/match/456669.html|title=1st Test: Sri Lanka v India at Galle, Jul 18 – Jul 22, 2010|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=27 July 2010}}</ref>
|-
| 21
! scope="row" | {{sort|1092|109}}
|| 105 || {{cr|SRI}} || 2 || 2 || 3/3 || 103.80 || [[Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu Stadium]], [[Colombo]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|August|5}} || Won || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/columns/engine/match/456671.html|title=3rd Test: Sri Lanka v India at Colombo (PSS), Aug 3 – Aug 7, 2010 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=8 August 2010}}</ref>
|-
| 22
! scope="row" | {{sort|1731|173}}
|| 199 || {{cr|NZ}} || 2 || 1 || 1/3 || 86.93 || [[Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera|Sardar Patel Stadium]], [[Motera]], [[Ahmedabad]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2010|November|4}} || Drawn || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/india-v-new-zealand-2010/engine/current/match/464531.html|title=1st Test: India vs New Zealand at Ahmedabad (Motera), Nov 4 – Nov 8, 2010|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=10 August 2011}}</ref>
|-
| 23
! scope="row" | {{sort|1170|117}}
|| 117 || {{cr|ENG}} || 2 || 1 || 1/4 || 100.00 || [[Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera|Sardar Patel Stadium]], [[Motera]], [[Ahmedabad]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2012|November|15}} || Won ||<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/england-tour-of-india-2012-13-565792/india-vs-england-1st-test-565806/full-scorecard|title=1st Test, Ahmedabad, Nov 15 - 19 2012, England tour of India|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=22 December 2021}}</ref>
|}

== ODI centuries ==
{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|+ODI cricket centuries scored by Virender Sehwag<ref>{{cite web|title=Statistics / V Sehwag / One-Day Internationals|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/player/35326.html?class=2;filter=advanced;orderby=start;runsmin1=100;runsval1=runs;template=results;type=batting;view=innings|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=8 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
!No.
!score
!Balls
!Against
!Pos.
!Inn.
!S/R
!Venue
!H/A/N
!Date
!Result
!Ref
|-
| 1
! scope="row" | {{sort|1001|100}} {{dagger}}
|| 70 || {{cr|NZL}} || 2 || 2 || 142.85 || [[Sinhalese Sports Club]], [[Colombo]] || Neutral || {{dts|format=dmy|2001|August|2}} || Won || <ref name="c1">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/66327.html|title=9th Match: India v New Zealand at Colombo (SSC), August 2, 2001|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 2
! scope="row" | {{sort|1260|126}} {{dagger}}
|| 104 || {{cr|ENG}} || 1 || 2 || 121.15 || [[R. Premadasa Stadium]], [[Colombo]] || Neutral || {{dts|format=dmy|2002|September|22}} || Won || <ref name="c2">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/66190.html|title=11th Match: England v India at Colombo (RPS), September 22, 2002|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 3
! scope="row" | {{sort|1141|114}}* {{dagger}}
|| 82 || {{cr|WIN}} || 2 || 2 || 139.02 || [[Madhavrao Scindia Cricket Ground]], [[Rajkot]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2002|November|12}} || Won || <ref name="c3">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64787.html|title=3rd ODI: India v West Indies at Rajkot, November 12, 2002|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 4
! scope="row" | {{sort|1080|108}} {{dagger}}
|| 119 || {{cr|NZL}} || 2 || 2 || 90.75 || [[McLean Park]], [[Napier, New Zealand|Napier]]|| Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2002|December|29}} || Lost || <ref name="c4">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64814.html|title=2nd ODI: New Zealand v India at Napier, December 29, 2002|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 5
! scope="row" | {{sort|1120|112}} {{dagger}}
|| 139 || {{cr|NZL}} || 2 || 2 || 80.57 || [[Eden Park]], [[Auckland]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2003|January|11}} || Won || <ref name="c5">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64818.html|title=6th ODI: New Zealand v India at Auckland, January 11, 2003|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 6
! scope="row" | {{sort|1300|130}} {{dagger}}
|| 134 || {{cr|NZL}} || 1 || 1 || 97.01 || [[Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium, Hyderabad|Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium]], [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2003|November|15}} || Won || <ref name="c6">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/66372.html|title=9th Match: India v New Zealand at Hyderabad (Decc), November 15, 2003 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 7
! scope="row" | {{sort|1081|108}} {{dagger}}
|| 95 || {{cr|PAK}} || 1 || 1 || 113.68 || [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Kochi|Nehru Stadium]], [[Kochi, India|Kochi]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2005|April|2}} || Won || <ref name="c7">{{cite web
|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/64938.html|title=1st ODI: India v Pakistan at Kochi, April 2, 2005 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 8
! scope="row" | {{sort|1140|114}} {{dagger}}
||87 || {{cr|BER}} || 3 || 1 || 131.03 || [[Queen's Park Oval]], [[Port of Spain]] || Neutral || {{dts|format=dmy|2007|March|19}} || Won || <ref name="c8">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/247468.html|title=12th Match, Group B: Bermuda v India at Port of Spain, March 19, 2007 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 9
! scope="row" | {{sort|1190|119}}
|| 95 || {{cr|PAK}} || 2 || 2 || 125.26 || [[National Stadium, Karachi]]|| Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2008|June|26}} || Won || <ref name="c9">
{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/335351.html|title=5th Match, Group B: Pakistan v India at Karachi, June 26, 2008|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 July 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 10
! scope="row" | {{sort|1160|116}}
|| 90 || {{cr|SRI}} || 1 || 1 || 128.80 || [[R. Premadasa Stadium]], [[Colombo]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|February|3}} || Won || <ref name="c10">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/386532.html|title=3rd ODI: Sri Lanka v India at Colombo (RPS), Feb 3, 2009|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 March 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 11
! scope="row" | {{sort|1250|125}}* {{dagger}}
|| 74 || {{cr|NZL}} || 2 || 2 || 168.91 || [[Seddon Park]], [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|March|11}} || Won || <ref name="c11">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/366624.html|title=4th ODI: New Zealand v India at Hamilton, March 11, 2009|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=28 March 2009}}</ref>
|-
| 12
! scope="row" | {{sort|1460|146}} {{dagger}}
|| 102 || {{cr|SRI}} || 1 || 1 || 143.13 || [[Madhavrao Scindia Cricket Ground]], [[Rajkot]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2009|12|15}} || Won || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/indvsl2009/engine/current/match/430886.html|title=1st ODI: India v Sri Lanka at Rajkot, Dec 15, 2009 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=15 December 2010}}</ref>
|-
| 13
! scope="row" | {{sort|1100|110}} {{dagger}}
|| 93 || {{cr|NZL}} || 1 || 1 || 118.20 || [[Rangiri Dambulla International Stadium]], [[Dambulla]] || Neutral|| {{dts|format=dmy|2010|08|25}} || Won || <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sri-lanka-triangular-series-2010-456661/india-vs-new-zealand-6th-match-456665/full-scorecard|title=India vs New Zealand, 6th Match at Dambulla, Aug 25 2010 - Full Scorecard|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=11 May 2024}}</ref>
|-
| 14
! scope="row" | {{sort|1750|175}} {{dagger}}
|| 140 || {{cr|BAN}} || 1 || 1 || 125.00 || [[Sher-e-Bangla Cricket Stadium]], [[Dhaka]] || Away || {{dts|format=dmy|2011|02|19}} || Won || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc_cricket_worldcup2011/engine/current/match/433558.html|title=2011 World Cup: India v Bangladesh at Dhaka, February 19, 2011|publisher=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=20 February 2011}}</ref>
|-
| 15
! scope="row" | {{sort|2190|219}} {{dagger}} {{double-dagger}}
|| 149 || {{cr|WIN}} || 2 || 1 || 146.97 || [[Holkar Cricket Stadium]], [[Indore]] || Home || {{dts|format=dmy|2011|12|08}} || Won || <ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.espncricinfo.com/india-v-west-indies-2011/engine/match/536932.html | title = West Indies tour of India, 4th ODI: India v West Indies at Indore, Dec 8, 2011| publisher=ESPNcricinfo | access-date = 8 December 2011}}</ref>
|}

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group="Notes"}}

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
*{{cricinfo|ref=india/content/player/35263.html|name=Virender Sehwag|check-wikidata=no}}

{{International cricket centuries}}

{{featured list}}

[[Category:Lists of international cricket centuries by player|Sehwag, Virender]]
[[Category:India cricket-related lists]]

Hewlett-Packard Labs India

2025-12-06T20:05:35Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: redirect

#REDIRECT [[HP Labs]]

Neelima Rani

2025-11-30T09:09:51Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: put up article

{{Short description|Indian actress}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox biography
| name = Neelima Esai Rani
| image = File:Neelima recent casual pic.jpg
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India
| occupation = Actress and [[Film producer|Producer]]
| spouse =
| children = 2
}}

'''Neelima Rani ''' is an Indian actress, a dubbing artist and producer who is mainly known for her roles in Tamil-language [[soap opera]]s and movies in antagonistic roles.

== Career ==
Neelima started her career in ''Oru Pennin Kathai'' when she was in school.<ref name="The Times of India 2023 j016">{{cite web | title=From Neelima Rani to Sujitha Dhanush: Tamil actresses who started their career as child artists | website=The Times of India | date=31 Aug 2023 | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/from-neelima-rani-to-sujitha-dhanush-tamil-actresses-who-started-their-career-as-child-artists/photostory/103248976.cms?from=mdr | access-date=27 Nov 2023}}</ref> In her summer vacations she also did feature films like ''[[Thevar Magan]]'', ''[[Virumbugiren]]'' and ''[[Pandavar Bhoomi]]''. When she was 15 she played the second heroine role in ''Acham Madam Airyppu — Brindavanam''. She acted in the 850 episode Sun TV serial, ''[[Metti Oli]]'' in 2001.<ref>{{cite web |author=P Sangeetha |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-05/news-interviews/28659193_1_serials-actress-role |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404221300/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-03-05/news-interviews/28659193_1_serials-actress-role |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 April 2012 |title=TV is Neelima's first love |date=5 March 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=6 September 2013}}</ref>

In 2011, she announced that she would place roles on television serials behind her priorities to star in feature films.<ref>{{cite web |author=P Sangeetha |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-21/news-interviews/28309382_1_neelima-focus-shift |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203022255/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-21/news-interviews/28309382_1_neelima-focus-shift |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 December 2013 |title=Neelima to shift her focus |date=21 July 2010 |work=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=6 September 2013}}</ref> Her role as Karthi's friend in ''[[Naan Mahaan Alla (2010 film)|Naan Mahaan Alla]]'' won her [[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Award for Best Supporting Actress]], before she went on to portray another pivotal role in ''[[Muran (film)|Muran]]''.

The actress has turned producer with [[K. S. Adhiyaman]]'s venture ''[[Amali Thumali]]'', a comedy film featuring [[Nakul (actor)|Nakul]], [[Shanthnoo Bhagyaraj|Shanthnu]] and [[N. Santhanam|Santhanam]] in the lead roles. Her duties as producer meant she had to oversea work in [[Fiji]] and thus she had to quit her role in the television serial, ''[[Thendral]]''. Later, she played a pivotal role called 'Dimple' in the world record winning Sun TV serial, [[Vani Rani (TV series)|Vani Rani]].<ref>{{cite news |author=Janani Karthik |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-01-17/news-interviews/36393812_1_serials-fiji-islands-small-screen |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130405095506/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-01-17/news-interviews/36393812_1_serials-fiji-islands-small-screen |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 April 2013 |title=Neelima Rani turns producer |date=17 January 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=6 September 2013}}</ref>

== Filmography ==

===Film===
{| class="wikitable sortable" class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 1992 || ''[[Thevar Magan]]'' || || As child artist
|-
| 2001 || ''[[Pandavar Bhoomi]]'' || || As child artist
|-
| 2002 || ''[[Album (2002 film)|Album]]'' || || As child artist
|-
| 2002 || ''[[Virumbugiren]]'' || || As child artist
|-
| 2003 || ''[[Dum (2003 Tamil film)|Dum]]'' || ||
|-
| 2005 || ''[[Priyasakhi]]'' || Sakhi's sister||
|-
|rowspan="3"|2006 || ''[[Idhaya Thirudan]]'' || Anitha ||
|-
| ''[[Thimiru]]'' || Srimathi's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Aanivaer]]'' || Sivashanthi ||
|-
| 2007 || ''[[Mozhi (film)|Mozhi]]'' || Preethi ||
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Santosh Subramaniam]]'' || Sreenivasan's wife ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2009 || ''[[Rajadhi Raja (2009 film)|Rajadhi Raja]]'' || Lakshmi ||
|-
| ''[[Silandhi]]'' || Selvi ||
|-
| rowspan="3" |2010 || ''[[Pugaippadam]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Rasikkum Seemane]]'' || Gayathri's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Naan Mahaan Alla (2010 film)|Naan Mahaan Alla]]'' || Sudha || [[Edison Awards (India)|Edison Award for Best Supporting Actress]]
|-
| 2011 || ''[[Muran (film)|Muran]]'' || Jayanthi ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2012 || ''[[Mithivedi]]'' || Selvi ||
|-
| ''[[Kadhal Paathai]]'' || ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2013 || ''[[Mathil Mel Poonai]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Onaayum Aattukkuttiyum]]'' || Chandru's sister-in-law ||
|-
| 2014 || ''[[Pannaiyarum Padminiyum]]'' || Suja ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2016 || ''[[Vaaliba Raja]]'' || Chithra Kala ||
|-
| ''[[Oyee]]'' || Swetha's Sister ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2017 || ''[[Kuttram 23]]'' || Kaushalya ||
|-
| ''Yaazh'' || Tamil Selvi ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2018 || ''[[Mannar Vagaiyara]]'' || Easwari ||
|-
| ''[[Ghajinikanth]]'' || Gayathri ||
|-
|rowspan="1"|2019 || ''[[Sathru (2019 film)|Sathru]]'' || Kathiresan sister-in-law ||
|-
|rowspan="1"|2020 || ''Karuppankaatu Valasu'' || Gandhimathi ||
|-
|rowspan="1"|2021 || ''[[Chakra (2021 film)|Chakra]]'' || Leela's late mother || Cameo appearance
|-
| rowspan="2"|2023 || ''[[August 16 1947]]'' ||Herself ||Cameo appearance
|-
| ''[[Rudhran]]'' || Doctor ||
|-
|rowspan="1"|2025 || ''[[Nizharkudai]]'' || ||
|-
|}

== Television ==
===Serials===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Language
! Channel
|-
| 1995 || ''Vasundhara : Chinni Talli'' || Chinni ||[[Telugu language|Telugu]]||[[ETV (Telugu)|ETV]]
|-
|rowspan="2" | 1998 || ''Oru Pennin Kathai'' || Sathya ||[[Tamil language|Tamil]]||[[DD Podhigai|Doordarshan]]
|-
| ''Ahalya'' ||Dhanalakshmi||[[Malayalam]]||[[DD Malayalam|Doordarshan]]
|-
| 1999–2000 || ''Idi Kadha Kaadu'' || Saravani || [[Telugu language|Telugu]]||[[ETV Telugu]]
|-
| 2000 || ''Microthodar- Plastic Vizhuthugal'' || Nandhini || rowspan="11" | [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || [[Raj TV]]
|-
| 2002 || ''Aasai'' || Veni || rowspan="2" |[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|-
| 2001–2003 || ''Acham Madam Airyppu Brindavanam'' || Varsha
|-
| 2004–2005|| ''[[Metti Oli]]'' || Sakthi Selvam || rowspan="2" |[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|-
| 2005–2009 || ''[[Kolangal (TV series)|Kolangal]]'' || Rekha Arjun
|-
| 2005–2006 || ''Nilavai Pidippom'' || Swetha || [[Raj TV]]
|-
| 2005–2007 || ''En Thozhi En Kadhali En Manaivi'' || Devi ||[[Star Vijay|Vijay TV]]
|-
| 2007-2008 || ''[[Megala (TV series)| Megala]]'' || Eswari ||[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|-
| 2006–2010 || ''[[Kasthuri (TV series)|Kasthuri]]'' || Dhanam || rowspan="3" | [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|-
| 2008–2010 || ''[[Athipookal]]'' || Renuka
|-
|rowspan="2" | 2008 || ''[[Manikoondu]]''|| Mahalakshmi
|-
| ''Mounaragam''||Deepika||[[Vasantham TV]]
|-
|2008–2009||''Alilathali''||Nanda||[[Malayalam]]||[[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Bhavani (TV series)|Bhavani]]'' || Bhavani ||rowspan="4" | [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || [[Kalaignar TV]]
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2009–2012 || ''[[Idhayam (2009 TV series)|Idhayam]]'' || Sumathi || rowspan="3" | [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|-
| ''[[Chellamay (TV series)|Chellamay]]'' || Amudha
|-
| ''[[Thendral]]'' || Lavanya
|-
| 2010 - 2011|| ''[[Ilavarasi (TV series)|Ilavarasi]]'' || Akila || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] ||[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|-
| 2011–2012 || ''Saivinte Makkal'' || Swapna || [[Malayalam]] || [[Mazhavil Manorama]]
|-
| 2013–2015 || ''[[Mahabharatham (TV series)|Mahabharatham]]'' || Goddess [[Rukmini]] || rowspan="3" | [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || rowspan="3" |[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2014–2018|| ''[[Vani Rani (TV series)|Vani Rani]]'' || Dimple
|-
| ''Thamarai'' ||Sneha/Kavitha
|-
| 2016 || ''Thaali Kattu Subhavela'' || Avani ||[[Telugu language|Telugu]] || [[Star Maa|Maa TV]]
|-
| 2016–2018 || ''[[Thalayanai Pookal]]'' || Malliga ||rowspan="2" | [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || [[Zee Tamil]]
|-
| 2018–2020 || ''[[Aranmanai Kili (TV series)|Aranmanai Kili]]'' || Durga Raghavan || [[Star Vijay]]
|-
| 2019–2020 || ''[[Chackoyum Maryyum]]'' || Rajalekshmi || [[Malayalam]] || [[Mazhavil Manorama]]
|-
| 2020 || ''[[Thirumanam (TV series)|Thirumanam]]'' || Special Appearance || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || [[Colors Tamil]]
|-
| 2024 || ''[[Vanathai Pola (TV series)|Vanathai Pola]]'' || Divya || [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|}

===Shows===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Language
! Channel
|-
| 2011 || ''Samayal Special'' || rowspan = "2" | Host|| rowspan = "2" | [[Tamil language|Tamil]]|| [[Star Vijay]]
|-
| 2014–2015 || ''Azhagiya Snehitiye'' || [[Zee Tamil]]
|}

===Other works===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Language
! Channel
|-
|2010–2011 ||''[[Harichandanam]]''||Dubbing Artist||[[Malayalam]]||[[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]
|-
| 2017–2020 || [[Niram Maaratha Pookkal (TV series)|''Niram Maaratha Pookkal'']] || rowspan = "3" | Producer || rowspan = "3" | [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || rowspan = "3" | [[Zee Tamil]]
|-
| 2020–2022 || [[Endrendrum Punnagai (TV series)|''Endrendrum Punnagai'']]
|-
|2025–present|| [[Annamalai Kudumbam]]
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|4013410}}
* {{Twitter}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rani, Neelima}}
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses from Chennai]]
[[Category:Indian television actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu television]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Tamil television actresses]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Indian child actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil television]]
[[Category:Child actresses in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam television]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Prayas

2025-11-25T07:30:20Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Revised and enhanced article content

{{short description|Indian non-governmental organization}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{notability|1=Companies|date=February 2022}}
{{Promotional|date=June 2020}}{{More citations needed|date=September 2024}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
'''''Prayas JAC Society''''' is a [[Non-governmental organization]] based in [[Delhi]], India. It was founded in June 1988 by ex-Delhi [[Superintendent of police (India)|DCP]] [[Amod Kanth]] after a fire destroyed makeshift homes and ragged shelters built by children in the [[slum]]s of Jahangirpuri in [[Delhi]].<ref name="Prayas Reference1">{{cite news |last1=Swarup |first1=Anil |title=Prayas |url=http://www.millenniumpost.in/opinion/prayas-435874 |access-date=12 April 2021 |publisher=millenniumpost.in |date=31 March 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tipheroes.org/amod-kanth/|title=Amod Kanth – U.S. Department of State Trafficking in Persons Report Heroes|website=tipheroes.org|language=en|access-date=2017-09-29}}</ref> Amod K Kanth, former [[Director General of Police]](DGP) of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] cadre and [[Deputy Commissioner of Police|DCP]] for Crime in [[Delhi]], was posted in [[Delhi]] when the fire broke out and he visited the site of the fire as part of his duty and was concerned on welfare of children and this prompted the birth of Prayas in a one-room in Jahangirpuri with the help of friends from the [[Delhi Police]] and the Delhi School of Social Work in a small way.<ref name="Prayas Reference1" />

== Recognition ==
The charity received international recognition for anti-trafficking initiatives by the 2006 [[Trafficking in Persons Report]] published by the US [[Department of State]]. Amod Kanth, the head of [[Delhi]] [[Police]] and founder of ''Prayas'', was commended as an international "model of public service" for his efforts on behalf of India's children.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/tip/rls/tiprpt/2005/46608.htm|title=II. International Best Practices|work=U.S. Department of State|access-date=2017-09-29|language=en-US}}</ref> Prayas has responded to the earthquake of [[Gujarat]] in January 2001, the tsunami in [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] in 2004, the floods in [[Bihar]] the earthquake in India and [[Nepal]] in 2016, and the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] {{as of|2022|lc=y}}.<ref name="Prayas Reference1" /> The organization also runs 24×7 Childline 1098 which is functional at six locations of [[New Delhi Railway Station]], Janhagirpuri, Bawana (Delhi), Raxaul and [[Samastipur]] (Bihar) and [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] to support the distressed children along with their families during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] and lockdown.<ref name="Prayas Reference1" /> In 2021, the organisation had partnered with an agency of the [[Rajasthan]] government to train 100 beggars who had been selected for various vocational training and skill jobs.<ref name="Prayas Reference1" /> The programme is a [[public–private partnership]] conducted in association with Dr Niraj K Pawan, Principal Secretary of Labour, Skilling and Rehabilitation, and is planned for entire state of [[Rajasthan]] to make the state "BhikhariMukt" or "beggar free".<ref name="Prayas Reference1" />

In 2000,the organisation had launched the Rape Crisis Intervention Centre, presently known as One-Stop Crisis Centre, to help the victims of sexual assault, particularly minor girls, in the presence of then Minister of State for Social Justice [[Maneka Gandhi]] and [[Delhi]] [[Chief Minister]] Sahib Singh Verma.<ref name="Prayas Reference1" /> The organisation is also involved in introducing large number of other programmes in collaboration with the government and private institutions which include the Jan Shikshan Sansthan under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship since 2000, DUSIB, Asian Foundation, Freedom Fund, Adoption Centrum, NSDC, Coca-Cola, National Scheduled Caste Financial Development Corporation, National Backward Class Financial Development Corporation, Schneider Electric India Foundation Ltd, BC Jindal Electrician and Plumbing Training Programme and the Tata Power Delhi Development (TPDDL) project and also partnering with various government agencies and making efforts in the formulation of policies, strategies and played a role in the formulation of the Tenth Plan and the re-enactment and implementation of Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000, National Policy and Charter for Children and National Commission for Protection of Children Rights.<ref name="Prayas Reference1" />

== Collaborations ==
Prayas has collaborated with the [[Rotaract Club of DTU Regency]] to organize visits from their members. In these visits, the members teach the children at Prayas. Further, additional morally sound life advice and tips are given to them.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Non-government Organizations in India}}

[[Category:Children's charities based in India]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Delhi]]
[[Category:1988 establishments in Delhi]]

Clap Board Production

2025-11-25T04:45:19Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: adjusted content

{{Short description|Tamil film production and distribution house}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
'''Clap Board movies''' is a [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]] film production and distribution house. Clap Board movies is located in [[Vadapalani]], [[Chennai]]. It has produced over two films in Tamil and distributed over three films. V. Sathyan is the director of Clap Board movies.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2017/nov/22/heard-of-eruma-saani-these-youtube-stars-team-up-for-their-first-feature-project-1707338.html|title=Heard of 'Eruma Saani'? These YouTube stars team up for their first feature project|website=newindianexpress.com|access-date=8 January 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171218125447/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2017/nov/22/heard-of-eruma-saani-these-youtube-stars-team-up-for-their-first-feature-project-1707338.html|archive-date=18 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://newmexicocourierexpress.com/nenjil-thunivirunthal-movie-review-rating-sundeep-kishans-latest-movie/3440|title=Nenjil Thunivirunthal Movie Review and Rating - Sundeep Kishan's Latest Movie - New Mexico Courier Express|date=10 November 2017|website=newmexicocourierexpress.com|accessdate=8 January 2018|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108165447/http://newmexicocourierexpress.com/nenjil-thunivirunthal-movie-review-rating-sundeep-kishans-latest-movie/3440|archivedate=8 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/181117/vijay-and-harija-of-eruma-saani-from-youtube-to-silver-screen.html|title=Vijay and Harija of Eruma Saani: From YouTube to silver screen|date=19 November 2017|website=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|access-date=8 January 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214075503/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/181117/vijay-and-harija-of-eruma-saani-from-youtube-to-silver-screen.html|archive-date=14 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dekhnews.com/entertainment/sathya-murthi-thappu-thanda-tamil-movie-review-rating-hit-or-flop-box-office-collection/|title=Sathya Murthi Thappu Thanda Tamil Movie Review & Rating - Hit or Flop - Box Office Collection|date=8 September 2017|website=dekhnews.com|accessdate=8 January 2018|url-status=usurped|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019215631/http://www.dekhnews.com/entertainment/sathya-murthi-thappu-thanda-tamil-movie-review-rating-hit-or-flop-box-office-collection/|archivedate=19 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/thappu-thanda/movie-review/60436003.cms |title=Thappu Thanda Movie Review, Trailer, & Show timings at Times of India |website=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=2018-01-08 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109142243/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/thappu-thanda/movie-review/60436003.cms |archivedate=2017-11-09 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ksweekly.com/reviews/thappu-thanda-movie-review-rating/7801/|title=Thappu Thanda Movie Review Rating Story Public Talk|last=Elizabeth|date=8 September 2017|website=ksweekly.com|accessdate=8 January 2018|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108165446/https://ksweekly.com/reviews/thappu-thanda-movie-review-rating/7801/|archivedate=8 January 2018}}</ref>

==Filmography==
===Production===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Title !! Language !! Notes
|-
|2017 ||''[[Thappu Thanda]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|Upcoming ||''[[Odavum Mudiyathu Oliyavum Mudiyathu]]'' || Tamil || From YouTube team '''Eruma Saani'''
|-
|''Production No: 3'' || Tamil || Directed by YouTube fame [[Shah Ra]]
|-
|}

===Distribution===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Title !! Language !! Notes
|-
|2017 ||''[[Thappu Thanda]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
|2017 ||''[[Nenjil Thunivirundhal]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
|2018 ||''[[Oru Nalla Naal Paathu Solren]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
|2018 ||''[[Goli Soda 2]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
|2018 ||''[[Echcharikkai]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
|2018 ||''[[Adanga Maru]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
| 2019 || ''[[Sindhubaadh]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
| 2019 || ''[[Maamanithan]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
| 2019 || ''[[Miga Miga Avasaram]]'' || Tamil ||
|-
|2020 ||''[[Odavum Mudiyathu Oliyavum Mudiyathu]]'' || Tamil ||
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20180228070937/http://www.sify.com/movies/vijay-milton%E2%80%99s-goli-soda-2-is-slowly-turning-hot-in-the-trade-news-tamil-sc2kOteaffchg.html]

[[Category:Film_production_companies_based_in_Chennai]]
[[Category:Film_distributors_of_India]]
[[Category:Companies with year of establishment missing]]

Katrenipadu

2025-11-24T17:56:51Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: post.

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Katrevupadu
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = Telugu
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|16.4241|N|81.9215|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Konaseema district]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| parts_type = [[Taluka]]s
| parts =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 5
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 4258
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = 848
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 533 446
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 14
}}

'''Katrenipadu''' (Katrevupadu in Census 2011 records) is a village in [[Razole Mandal]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Commission |first=India Election |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MpO2AAAAIAAJ&dq=%22Katrenipadu%22&pg=PA16 |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 1976 |date=1976 |publisher=Election Commission, India |language=en}}</ref>[[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema district]] in the state of [[Andhra Pradesh]] in [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Mandal wise list of villages in East Godavari district|url=http://apland.ap.nic.in/cclaweb/Districts_Alphabetical/eastgodavari.pdf|website=Chief Commissioner of Land Administration|publisher=National Informatics Centre|accessdate=7 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121141044/http://apland.ap.nic.in/cclaweb/Districts_Alphabetical/EastGodavari.pdf|archivedate=21 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Katrenipadu Sachivalayam details |url=https://sachivalayams.com/katrenipadu1/ |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=Sachivalayams}}</ref>

== Geography ==
Katrenipadu is located at {{coord|16.4241|N|81.9215|E|}}.

== Demographics ==
{{As of|2011}} India [[census]], Katrenipadu had a population of 4258, out of which 2159 were male and 2099 were female. The population of children below 6 years of age was 9%. The literacy rate of the village was 83%.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2814_PART_A_DCHB_EAST%20GODAVARI.pdf|title=Katrevupadu Village Census 2011}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Razole mandal]]
{{Konaseema-geo-stub}}

Thuravoor Pamba Road

2025-11-20T14:15:20Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Added A Post

{{Orphan|date=October 2016}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2014}}
[[File:Thuravoor Thycattussery bridge.jpg|thumb|right|450px|Thuravoor Thycattussery bridge under construction. This bridge is expected to open to public on 31 January 2014]]

[[File:ThycattusseryBridgeConst1.jpg|thumb|right|450px|Thycattussery bridge under construction. Picture taken on 8 November 2013]]

Thuravoor Pamba road is a proposed road in [[Kerala]], [[India]] connecting [[National Highway 47 (India)|NH 47]] to [[Sabarimala]]. This [[road]] is expected to reduce the travel time for [[Sabarimala]] pilgrims.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.mathrubhumi.com/online/malayalam/news/story/2206392/2013-04-02/kerala
|format=link| title = "Thuravoor Pamba Road", Mathrubhumi
| accessdate = 2013-09-17
| work = Kerala
| publisher = Mathrubhumi }}</ref> This road which is connecting the northern part of [[Alappuzha district|Alappuzha]] and [[Kottayam district|Kottayam]] Districts will increase the trade flow between these regions. Road is planned to be with a width of 12m.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.thejasnews.com:8080/index.jsp?tp=det&det=yes&news_id=20120211819220867&
|format=link| title = "Thuravoor Pamba Road", Thejus Mon, 19 Mar 2012 00:52:08 +0000
| accessdate = 2013-09-17
| work = Kerala
| publisher = Thejus newspaper }}</ref> Road construction started in February 2013. [[Government of Kerala|Government]] is planning to complete the construction in 3 years.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.madhyamam.com/news/154461/120227
|format=link| title = "Government Sanction for Thuravoor Pamba Road", Madhyamam Published on Mon, 02/27/2012 - 12:13
| accessdate = 2013-09-17
| work = Kerala
| publisher = Madhyamam newspaper }}</ref>

Road starts from Thuravoor in [[National Highway 47 (India)|NH 47]] (between [[Cherthala]] and [[Ernakulam]]) and will pass through [[Thycattussery|Thaicatussery]], Udayanapuram, [[Vaikom]], [[Kaduthuruthy]], Kappumthala, [[Kuravilangad]], [[Palai|Pala]], [[Ponkunnam]], [[Erumeli]] before reaching Pamba. Two [[bridge]]s, one connecting [[Thuravoor, Cherthala|Thuravoor]] and [[Thycattussery]] and another one connecting Makkekadavu and Nerekadavu will be constructed as part of this project.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.thejasnews.com:8080/index.jsp?tp=det&det=yes&news_id=20120211819220867&
|format=link| title = "Thuravoor Pamba Road", Thejus Mon, 19 Mar 2012 00:52:08 +0000
| accessdate = 2013-09-17
| work = Kerala
| publisher = Thejus newspaper }}</ref> Thuravoor [[Thycattussery|Thycattushery]] bridge will be of 330.50 metre length and will be having a double carriage way with 7.5 m width. There will be walkways on both sides with 1.5 m width. Bridge will be constructed with approach roads on both sides with a length of 750m.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/chandy-launches-work-on-thuravurthaikattusserry-bridge/article4377053.ece
|format=link| title = "Thuravoor Thycattushery bridge inauguration", The Hindu, Published: February 4, 2013
| accessdate = 2013-09-18
| work = Kerala
|date=3 February 2013 | publisher = The Hindu}}</ref>

In Kerala budget 2011, 151.89 [[crores]] was sanctioned for this project. 49.8 crore for Thuravoor [[Thycattussery]] bridge, 2.7 crore for approach road, 86 crore for Nerekadavu - Makekadavu bridge, 4.3 lakhs for approach road and 6.89 lakhs for Udayanapuram Road.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.thejasnews.com:8080/index.jsp?tp=det&det=yes&news_id=20120211819220867&
|format=link| title = "Thuravoor Pamba Road", Thejus Mon, 19 Mar 2012 00:52:08 +0000
| accessdate = 2013-09-17
| work = Kerala
| publisher = Thejus newspaper }}</ref> Construction of Thuravoor Thycattussery bridge is in progress and is expected to be opened for public on 31 January 2014. Nerekadavu Makkekadavu bridge construction is in progress and is expected to be completed very soon.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.keralacm.gov.in/images/stories/pr/2013/july/Thaikkattusseri,%20.pdf
|format=link| title = "Thaikkattushery bridge will be opened on 31st January 2014", Kerala CM's Website
| accessdate = 2013-09-17
| work = Kerala
| publisher = Kerala CM's Website }}</ref>

There is an increased demand to declare this road as a pilgrimage path. [[K. C. Venugopal|K C Venugopal]] MP and [[Jose K. Mani|Jose K Mani]] MP have raised this request in [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] as well.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.thejasnews.com:8080/index.jsp?tp=det&det=yes&news_id=20120211819220867&
|format=link| title = "Thuravoor Pamba Road", Thejus Mon, 19 Mar 2012 00:52:08 +0000
| accessdate = 2013-09-17
| work = Kerala
| publisher = Thejus newspaper }}</ref>

==Phases==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Phase !! Details<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/thuravurpampa-road-gets-administrative-sanction/article2936984.ece
|format=link| title = "Thuravur-Pampa Road gets administrative sanction", The Hindu Published on February 27, 2012
| accessdate = 2013-09-17
| work = Kerala
|date=26 February 2012 | publisher = The Hindu }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.madhyamam.com/news/154461/120227
|format=link| title = "Government Sanction for Thuravoor Pamba Road", Madhyamam Published on Mon, 02/27/2012 - 12:13
| accessdate = 2013-09-17
| work = Kerala
| publisher = Madhyamam newspaper }}</ref> !! Amount allocated !! Start date !! End date !! Status
|-
| Phase 1 || Approach Road for Thuravoor - Thaikkattushery Bridge|| 2.7 crore|| || ||Completed and opened for public
|-
| Phase 2 || Thuravoor - Thaikkattushery Bridge || 49.5 crore|| 3 February 2013|| 31 May 2015 || Completed and opened for public
|-
| Phase 3 || Road from Pallithodu State Highway to Udayanapuram in Ernakulam- Ettumanoor State Highway|| 6.89 crore || TBD|| TBD || Not Started
|-
| Phase 4 || Makkekadavu - Nerekadavu Bridge|| 88.5 crore || 27 January 2017 ||TBD || Started

|}

==Phase 2: Approach Road for Thuravoor - Thaikkattushery Bridge==
Approach road for the Thuravoor Thykkattussery bridge is currently under construction. Approach road with a length of 450m will have a width of 45 m with a median in the middle. There will also be drainage on both sides of the road.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.mathrubhumi.com/alappuzha/news/2888803-local_news-Thuravoor-%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8D.html
|format=link| title = "Thuravoor- Thycattussery bridge approach road construction started", The Times of India Published on Oct 29, 2013
| accessdate = 2014-05-25
| work = Kerala
| publisher = Mathrubhumi }}</ref>

==Phase 2: Thuravoor Thykkattussery Bridge==
The Chief Minister of Kerala Mr. Oommen Chandy inaugurated the construction work of Thuravoor -Thaikkattussery Bridge on 3 February 2013. The Proposed bridge is expected to be open to public on 31 January 2014. In October 2013 the construction of the bridge hit a roadblock when the iron pillar used for construction was found to be bent. Officers from PWD claimed that they will start the constructions with in a week of delay.

<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-10-29/kochi/43494819_1_state-highway-approach-road-construction-work
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131209061352/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-10-29/kochi/43494819_1_state-highway-approach-road-construction-work
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 2013-12-09
|format=link| work = [[The Times of India]]
| title = "Thuravoor-Pamba highway construction hits roadblock", The Times of India Published on Oct 29, 2013
| accessdate = 2013-11-06
}}</ref>

'''22 December 2013''':
The deadline for the completion of this bridge is extended to May. It is also decided to have a monthly meeting under the leadership of district collected to evaluate the progress of the construction works.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.mathrubhumi.com/alappuzha/news/2685946-local_news-Alappuzha-%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B4.html
|format=link| title = "Thykkattussery bridge deadline extended", Mathrubhumi Published on Dec 22nd, 2013
| accessdate = 2013-12-31
| work = Kerala
| publisher = Mathrubhumi }}</ref>

The construction of the bridge was completed in May 2015 and opened to the public on 27 May 2015 by the Chief Minister of Kerala Mr. Oommen Chandy. The speedy completion of the project was unprecedented in the history of the public works of Kerala state.

==Phase 4==
Makkekadavu - Nerekadavu Bridge construction was to start on 1 November 2014.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.keralacm.gov.in/images/stories/pr/2013/july/Thaikkattusseri,%20.pdf
|format=link| title = "Makkekadavu - Nerekadavu Bridge construction to start on 1st Nov,2013", CM's Website
| accessdate = 2013-11-06
| work = Kerala
| publisher = CM's Website }}</ref> started on 27 January 2017. The work is in progress and the contractor for the project is Cherian Varkey Construction Company.

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Roads in Pathanamthitta district]]

Drug addiction in Jammu and Kashmir

2025-11-09T02:46:27Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: creating info

Drug addiction is defined as out of control use of drugs despite their negative effects. In recent years [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] in India has seen an exponential increase in the drug use. According to official data shared by the Central Government in Parliament, the number of people affected by drug abuse in Jammu and Kashmir has reached nearly 10 lakh, which is around 8% of the total population of Jammu and Kashmir.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Samaan Lateef |title=10 lakh drug addicts in J&K |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/j-k/10-lakh-addicts-in-jk-492409 |website=Tribune India |access-date=26 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Guest|date=2020-06-11|title=DRUG ADDICTION: A THREAT TO THE FUTURE OF KASHMIR|url=https://kashmirreader.com/2020/06/12/drug-addiction-a-threat-to-the-future-of-kashmir/|access-date=2022-01-05|website=Kashmir Reader}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=EurAsian Times|date=2018-11-10|title=Drug Addiction in Kashmir, Not Militancy, The Biggest Challenge: Kashmiri Scholar|url=https://eurasiantimes.com/drug-addiction-biggest-problem-in-kashmir/|access-date=2022-01-05|website=Latest Asian, Middle-East, EurAsian, Indian News|language=en-US}}</ref>{{Refn|"experts suggesting that this is the percentage that is known, is being reported, seeks treatment, and that happens at an advanced stage."}}
On 4 August 2023 the Standing Committee on Social Justice and Empowerment has conveyed to the [[Parliament of India]] that approximately 13.50 lakh drug users are estimated to be in [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], with the majority falling within the age range of 18 to 75 years.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nearly 13.50 lakh drug users in J&K: Parliament Panel |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/nearly-13-50-lakh-drug-users-in-jk-parliament-panel/ |website=Daily Excelsior |access-date=4 August 2023}}</ref>

== Extent of problem ==
According to the [[United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime]], Jammu and Kashmir has 60000 drug addicts. In last three years there has been an increase of 1500% in the use of drugs.<ref name=Decan>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-06|title=In three years, Kashmir witnesses 1500% increase in drug abuse|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/in-three-years-kashmir-witnesses-1500-increase-in-drug-abuse-994394.html|access-date=2022-01-05|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}</ref>
In March 2023, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment stated that approximately one million individuals in the Union territory were grappling with substance abuse. The ministry also revealed that over 50% of these individuals were specifically addicted to opioids.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Safwat Zargar |title=Opioid addiction is ravaging Kashmir's young |url=https://scroll.in/article/1052716/opioid-addiction-is-ravaging-kashmirs-young |website=Scroll |access-date=26 July 2023}}</ref> As per a survey carried out by the Jammu and Kashmir administration last year, over 52,000 individuals in Kashmir acknowledged their heroin usage. The survey findings revealed that, on average, a user spent approximately 88,000 rupees ($1,063.54; £860) per month to sustain their drug habit.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Auqib Javeed |title=Kashmir battles alarming drug addiction crisis |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-65744378 |website=BBC |access-date=26 July 2023}}</ref>

According to the doctors at the Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Srinagar (IMHANS), there has been a transition observed in drug usage patterns. Specifically, there is a shift away from using medicinal opioids like Codeine, SP, [[Tramadol]], and [[Tapentadol]], towards the more potent and dangerous hardcore drugs, predominantly intravenous (IV) [[heroin]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Majid, DHNS |first=Zulfikar |title=95% of drug abusers in Kashmir consume heroin |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/95-of-drug-abusers-in-kashmir-consume-heroin-1159850.html |access-date=2023-08-10 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> According to Dr. Yasir Rather, approximately 70% of drug users test positive for HCV at IMHANS.<ref name="https://kashmirobserver.net">{{Cite web|date=2023-08-12 |title=From Addiction to Infection: Disturbing Rise of Hepatitis C due to Drug Abuse in Kashmir |url=https://kashmirobserver.net/2023/08/12/from-addiction-to-infection-disturbing-rise-of-hepatitis-c-due-to-drug-abuse-in-kashmir/ |access-date=2023-08-13 |website=Kashmir Observer |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2023, a study conducted by IMHANS revealed that the prevalence of [[Hepatitis C]] among drug abusers in Kashmir is 72 percent. The institute received 150 drug addiction cases per day. It also found that over 33 thousand [[syringe]]s are being used daily for heroin injections.<ref name="https://kashmirobserver.net"/>

On 12 June 2023, Dr. [[Farooq Abdullah]], the National Conference President and Member of Parliament from [[Srinagar]], said that the drug addiction or substance abuse have become significant threats to the youth of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. Expressing his worries about the alarming increase in drug addiction cases among the youth, Dr. Farooq called drug abuse a widespread issue in the region. He urged everyone to reflect on this problem.<ref>{{cite web |last1=GK NEWS SERVICE |title=Smartphone misuse, drug addiction emerging threats to youth: Dr Farooq Abdullah |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/kashmir/smartphone-misuse-drug-addiction-emerging-threats-to-youth-dr-farooq-abdullah |website=Greater Kashmir |access-date=26 July 2023}}</ref>

According to IMHANS, on an average a heroin addict in Kashmir spends about 90,000 rupees on every month.<ref>{{Cite web |author=News Desk |date=2023-09-06 |title=Heroin addicts in Kashmir spending average of nearly ₹90,000 every month on drugs |url=http://thekashmiriyat.co.uk/heroin-addicts-in-kashmir-spending-average-of-nearly-%E2%82%B990000-every-month-on-drugs/ |access-date=2023-09-07 |website=The Kashmiriyat |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Treatment ==
According to the survey report, treatment and specialist interventions were in short supply. The Drug de-addiction centres have been flooded in recent years.<ref name=Decan /> Most of the patients that are admitted in these centres are Heroin addicts. In Kashmir, there are limited private institutions, and the region has just two public [[drug rehabilitation]] centers situated in Srinagar - one being IMHANS, and the other operated by the police. Additionally, the government has established Addiction Treatment Facility Centres (ATFCs) in every district. However, ATFCs differ from drug rehabilitation centers as they do not provide admission facilities. Instead, they function as small clinics with one doctor, a counselor, and a nurse, dedicated to treating patients dealing with addiction issues.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-06-04 |title=Kashmir battles alarming drug addiction crisis |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-65744378 |access-date=2023-08-10}}</ref> Based on official statistics, the Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (IMHANS) in [[Srinagar]], a distinguished rehabilitation center, witnesses an average of 150 fresh drug addiction cases every day. Out of these, approximately 70 cases are returning patients seeking follow-up care, while the rest are entirely new cases. It's worth noting that around 15 of these daily cases, constituting 10 percent of the total, are teenagers.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Zulfikar Majid |title=95% of drug abusers in Kashmir consume heroin |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/north-and-central/95-of-drug-abusers-in-kashmir-consume-heroin-1159850.html |website=Deccan Herald |access-date=26 July 2023}}</ref>

==Substance abused==
On the basis of a study of 189 out-patients dealing with drug abuse, all of whom were registered at the Hospital for Psychiatric Diseases in Srinagar, the most commonly abused substance among them was cannabis, followed by heroin. It was observed that cannabis users had the longest duration of drug use but exhibited the lowest rate of drug dependence (29.9%) and the lowest rate of multiple drug abuse (6.1%). On the other hand, heroin users had the highest rate of drug dependence (88.8%) and the highest rate of multiple drug abuse (83.4%).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mushtaq A. Margoob |title=Drug abuse in kashmir - experience from a psychiatric diseases hospital |journal=Indian Journal of Psychiatry |date=1993 |volume=35 |issue=3 |pages=163–165 |pmid=21743629 |pmc=2978486 }}</ref> Doctors express concern over the prevalence of heroin users, stating that the level of addiction it induces is alarming. According to Dr. Rather, when compared to cannabis or medicinal opioids, heroin's addictive nature surpasses them significantly. Users attempting to quit heroin often endure severe withdrawal symptoms, including physical pain, aches, and restlessness.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zargar |first=Safwat |date=2023-07-25 |title=Opioid addiction is ravaging Kashmir's young |url=https://scroll.in/article/1052716/opioid-addiction-is-ravaging-kashmirs-young |access-date=2023-08-10 |website=Scroll.in |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Adolescent drug users==
According to the Standing Committee on Social Justice and Empowerment, in the age group of 10 to 17 years, an estimated 1,68,700 children in Jammu and Kashmir are involved in drug use. The substances being used by these children include Cannabis, Opioids, [[Sedative]]s, Cocaine, Amphetamine-Type Stimulants (ATS), inhalants, and Hallucinogens <ref>{{Cite web |last=Excelsior |first=Daily |date=2023-08-03 |title=Nearly 13.50 lakh drug users in J&K: Parliament Panel |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/nearly-13-50-lakh-drug-users-in-jk-parliament-panel/ |access-date=2023-08-10 |website=Jammu Kashmir Latest News {{!}} Tourism {{!}} Breaking News J&K |language=en-US}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Drug policy of India]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Illegal drug trade in Asia]]
[[Category:Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Drugs in India]]
[[Category:Social issues in India]]
[[Category:Drug policy of India]]

Sunil Prabhu

2025-10-22T01:39:50Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Improved article clarity and structure

{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Sunil Prabhu
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1969|07|11|df=yes}}
| birth_place =
| residence = [[Mumbai]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| office = [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Member of Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2014
| term_end =
| predecessor = Rajhans Singh
| successor =
| constituency = [[Dindoshi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dindoshi]]
| office1 = [[Mayor of Mumbai]]
| term_start1 = 9 March 2012
| term_end1 = 9 September 2014
| predecessor1 = [[Shraddha Jadhav]]
| successor1 = [[Snehal Ambekar]]
| party = [[File:SS(UBT) flag.png|25px]] [[Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)]] [[File:Logo of Shiv Sena.svg|25px]] [[Shiv Sena]]
| spouse =
| children = 1 (Ankit Prabhu)
| website =
| signature =
| footnotes =
| source =
}}

'''Sunil Prabhu''' is an Indian politician belonging to the [[Shiv Sena (UBT)]]. He is a member of the 14th [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]. He represents the [[Dindoshi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dindoshi]] Assembly Constituency.<ref name = Dindoshi2019>{{cite web|url=http://results.eci.gov.in/ACOCT2019/ConstituencywiseS13159.htm?ac=159 | title = Dindoshi Vidhan Sabha constituency result 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.elections.in/maharashtra/assembly-constituencies/dindoshi.html|title=Sitting and previous MLAs from Dindoshi Assembly Constituency}}</ref> He was the 74th<ref>{{cite news|last=Correspondent|first=DNA|title=Part 2 of We've done it begins in Mumbai|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_part-2-of-weve-done-it-begins-in-mumbai_1660445|accessdate=10 March 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA India]]|date=10 March 2012|place=Mumbai}}</ref> [[Mayor of Mumbai|mayor]] of the city of [[Mumbai]], the capital of the Indian state of [[Maharashtra]], and chief of [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation]], the country's richest municipal body.<ref>{{cite news|last=PTI|title=Shiv Sena's Sunil Prabhu is Mumbai's new mayor|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_shiv-sena-s-sunil-prabhu-is-mumbai-s-new-mayor_1660163|accessdate=9 March 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA India]]|date=9 March 2012|place=Mumbai}}</ref> He got ticket for 4th time from [[Dindoshi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dindoshi Assembly]] to contest against [[Sanjay Nirupam]] of [[Shiv Sena (2022–present)|shivsena]] in 2024 [[vidhan Sabha]] elections.

==Early life and career==
Prabhu started his career in 1992 as a personal assistant to a senior Shiv Sena leader and MP, [[Gajanan Kirtikar]], until 1997.<ref>{{cite news|last=Desai|first=Geeta|title=Shiv Sena all set to elect new mayor|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_shiv-sena-all-set-to-elect-new-mayor_1659987|accessdate=9 March 2012|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA India]]|date=9 March 2012|place=Mumbai}}</ref> It was on Kirtikar's insistence that he had gotten a chance to fight the civic elections from [[Aarey Colony]] in 1997. Subsequently, he went on to win three civic elections.<ref>{{cite news|last=Sayli Udas Mankikar|first=Sujit Mahamulkar|title=Sunil Prabhu: from personal assistant to city's likely mayor|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/Mumbai/Sunil-Prabhu-from-personal-assistant-to-city-s-likely-mayor/Article1-821414.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307135052/http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-news/Mumbai/Sunil-Prabhu-from-personal-assistant-to-city-s-likely-mayor/Article1-821414.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 March 2012|accessdate=9 March 2012|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=6 March 2012|place=Mumbai}}</ref> However, Prabhu has been voted as the best orator in the civic house on several occasions. He is known for his powerful speeches, especially on financial issues. He was the leader of the house in BMC for six years.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-2602377181.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805181258/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-2602377181.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2016-08-05|title=personal assistant to city's likely mayor|publisher=highbeam.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/shiv-senas-sunil-prabhu-is-new-mumbai-mayor_100603465.html|title=Sunil Prabhu new Mumbai mayor|publisher=thaindian.com}}</ref>

==Positions held==
* 1997: Elected as corporator in Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (1st term)
* 2002: Re-elected as corporator in Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (2nd term)
* 2007: Re-elected as corporator in Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (3rd term)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mumbaimatters.bombayaddict.com/2007/03/bmc-elections-2007-winners.html |title=Mumbai Matters: BMC Elections 2007 Winners |website=mumbaimatters.bombayaddict.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225040600/http://mumbaimatters.bombayaddict.com/2007/03/bmc-elections-2007-winners.html |archive-date=2007-12-25}}</ref>
* 2012: Re-elected as corporator in Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (4th term)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://go4mumbai.com/cms/2012/02/winners-list-of-bmc-elections-2012/|title = Winners List of BMC elections 2012 |}}</ref>
* 2012-2014: Mayor of [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation]]<ref name="Shiv Sena's Sunil Prabhu is Mumbai's new mayor">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |title=Shiv Sena's Sunil Prabhu is Mumbai's new mayor |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-shiv-sena-s-sunil-prabhu-is-mumbai-s-new-mayor-1660163 |access-date=14 December 2024 |publisher=DNA India |date=9 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214164035/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-shiv-sena-s-sunil-prabhu-is-mumbai-s-new-mayor-1660163 |archive-date=14 December 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Shiv Sena's Sunil Prabhu is new Mumbai mayor">{{cite news |title=Shiv Sena's Sunil Prabhu is new Mumbai mayor |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/shiv-senas-sunil-prabhu-is-new-mumbai-mayor-470850 |access-date=14 December 2024 |publisher=NDTV |date=12 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214164124/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/shiv-senas-sunil-prabhu-is-new-mumbai-mayor-470850 |archive-date=14 December 2024}}</ref>
* 2014: Elected to Maharashtra Legislative Assembly<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.elections.in/maharashtra/assembly-constituencies/dindoshi.html|title=dindoshi election results 2014|publisher=elections.in}}</ref>
* 2019: Re-elected to Maharashtra Legislative Assembly <ref name = Dindoshi2019/>
* 2019-2022: Chief whip, Shivsena
* 2024: Re-elected to Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
* 2024: Chief Whip, Shiv Sena (UBT)<ref name="Aaditya Thackeray elected as Shiv Sena (UBT)‘s Legislature party leader">{{cite news |last1=The Hindu |first1= |date=25 November 2024 |title=Aaditya Thackeray elected as Shiv Sena (UBT)‘s Legislature party leader |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/maharashtra-assembly/shiv-sena-ubt-elects-aaditya-thackeray-as-leader-of-its-legislature-party/article68909034.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241129134433/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/maharashtra-assembly/shiv-sena-ubt-elects-aaditya-thackeray-as-leader-of-its-legislature-party/article68909034.ece |archive-date=29 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |language=en-IN}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Mayor of Mumbai]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://twitter.com/prabhu_suneel/ official twitter account]
* [https://shivsena.org/leadership/ Shivsena Home Page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200901163032/https://shivsena.org/leadership/ |date=1 September 2020 }}
* http://m.newshunt.com/india/marathi-newspapers/saamana/mumbai/kostal-rodala-shivasenapramukhanche-nav-dya-sunil-prabhu-yanche-mukhyamantryanna-patr_41493590/c-in-l-marathi-n-saam-ncat-Mumbai

{{DEFAULTSORT:Prabhu, Sunil}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century mayors of places in India]]
[[Category:Mayors of Mumbai]]
[[Category:Marathi politicians]]
[[Category:Shiv Sena politicians]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:1969 births]]
[[Category:Shiv Sena (UBT) politicians]]

Sukanya Rahman

2025-09-25T15:50:55Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: Added A Stub

{{Short description|Indian dancer, visual artist and writer (born 1946)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sukanya Rahaman
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birthname =
| birth_date = 1946
| birth_place = Calcutta
| death_date =
| death_place =
| occupation = [[Indian classical dance]]r, choreographer, writer
| yearsactive =
| alma mater = [[École des Beaux-Arts]]
| spouse = Frank Wicks
| father = [[Habib Rahman (architect)|Habib Rahman]]
| mother = [[Indrani Rahman]]
| relatives = [[Ragini Devi]] (grand mother) [[Ram Rahman]] (brother)
| children = Habib Wicks Wardreath Wicks
| othername =
| awards =
}}
'''Sukanya Rahman''' (born 1946) is a classical Indian dancer, visual artist, and writer.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/11/17/arts/the-dance-classical-indian-fare.html|title = The Dance: Classical Indian Fare|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 17 November 1985|last1 = Dunning|first1 = Jennifer}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Danses Indiennes |url=http://danses-indiennes.blogspot.in/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=danses-indiennes.blogspot.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Dunning |first=Jennifer |date=1985-11-17 |title=THE DANCE: CLASSICAL INDIAN FARE |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/11/17/arts/the-dance-classical-indian-fare.html |access-date=2023-03-24 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/01/16/arts/art-in-review-111643.html|title = Art in Review|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 16 January 1998|last1 = Cotter|first1 = Holland}}</ref> Her book ''Dancing in the family,'' a memoir of three women<ref>{{Cite book|isbn = 8129105942|title = Dancing in the Family: An Unconventional Memoir of Three Women|last1 = Rahman|first1 = Sukanya|year = 2004}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sukanyarahman.com/2011/04/28/dancing-in-the-family-3/|title=Dancing in the Family|accessdate=2 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2002/09/22/stories/2002092200110400.htm |title=The Hindu : Dancing through their lives |website=www.thehindu.com |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021107032524/http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2002/09/22/stories/2002092200110400.htm |archive-date=7 November 2002 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article/the-genes-got-back-to-her/214498|title = The Genes Got Back to Her... | Outlook India Magazine}}</ref> has received several acclaims. Her painting and collage works are widely exhibited in India and abroad.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.iaac.us/erasing_borders2008/s_rahman/bio.htm |title=Indo-American Arts Council, Inc |access-date=3 November 2015 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305213152/http://www.iaac.us/erasing_borders2008/s_rahman/bio.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Her works have been exhibited at the [[William Benton Museum of Art]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=The William Benton Museum of Art {{!}} UConn {{!}} Storrs, CT |url=https://benton.uconn.edu/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=benton.uconn.edu |language=en-US}}</ref> in Storr’s CT, The Arts Complex Museum<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Art Complex Museum – Duxbury, MA |url=https://artcomplex.org/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |language=en-US}}</ref> in Duxbury, MA and The Fowler Museum,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-29 |title=Home {{!}} Fowler Museum at UCLA |url=https://fowler.ucla.edu/ |access-date=2023-03-24}}</ref> Los Angeles. She was featured in the book ''Voyages of Body and Soul: Selected Female Icons of India and Beyond''.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VMYxBwAAQBAJ&q=Sukanya+Rahman+%2B+French+government+scholarship | title=Voyages of Body and Soul: Selected Female Icons of India and Beyond| isbn=9781443861151| last1=Katrak| first1=Ketu H.| last2=Ratnam| first2=Anita| date=2 June 2014}}</ref>

==Biography==
Sukanya Rahman was born in Calcutta in 1946. She is the daughter of Indian architect Habib Rahman and classical Indian dancer [[Indrani Rahman]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sangeethas.wordpress.com/2014/10/09/know-thy-dancer-indrani-rahman/|title=Know Thy Dancer – Indrani Rahman|date=9 October 2014}}</ref> the grand daughter of Indian dance pioneer, [[Ragini Devi]] and the sister of contemporary Indian photographer and curator [[Ram Rahman]]. She studied painting at the College of Art in New Delhi. In 1965 she received a French Government scholarship to study at the [[École des Beaux-Arts|École Nationale des Beaux Arts]] in Paris. Rahman is married to theatre director, producer and playwright, Frank Wicks, best known for his Civil War play, ''Soldier Come Home''. They have two sons, Habib Wicks and Wardreath Wicks and two grandchildren, Jake Wicks and Sarah Wicks.

==Dancing==
Sukanya Rahman carries on the Indian dance tradition of her grandmother, Ragini Devi, and her mother, Indrani.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/dance/canvas-of-custom/article4269010.ece|title = Canvas of custom|newspaper = The Hindu|date = 3 January 2013|last1 = Vidyarthi|first1 = Nita}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.narthaki.com/info/mbyd/mbyd5.html|title = Mothers by Daughters & Others - Remembering Indrani: September 19, 1930 - February 5, 1999 - Sukanya Rahman}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.littleindia.com/arts-entertainment/1398-so-what-are-you-doing-this-summer.html |title=Little India - So What Are You Doing This Summer? |access-date=3 November 2015 |archive-date=10 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910055548/http://www.littleindia.com/arts-entertainment/1398-so-what-are-you-doing-this-summer.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>Anna Kisselgoff, The New York Times, 1 October 1979</ref> She was trained at an early age by her mother. She then accepted a scholarship to study American modern dance with [[Martha Graham]] in New York before returning to Indian dance. Besides Indrani, her gurus have included Pandanallur Chokalingam Pillai, Tanjore Kittappa Pillai, [[Deba Prasad Das]] and Raja Reddy. She has toured internationally both in her solo program, performing the [[Kuchipudi]], [[Odissi|Orissi]], and [[Bharatanatyam|Bharata Natyam]] dance styles, and in joint concerts with Indrani. She has performed at the Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival, the Lincoln Center, the [[Asia Society]], and the Edinburgh Festival. She is the winner of numerous dance Fellowships from the [[National Endowment for the Arts]]. Under a grant from the Maine Humanities Council, Sukanya toured her program "Feminine Images in the Myth, Art and Dance of India: 4,000 Years of Hindu Expression of the Woman."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1917&dat=19870406&id=sxAhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=oHIFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4805,1356982&hl=en|title = Schenectady Gazette - Google News Archive Search}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1928&dat=19811012&id=7_QpAAAAIBAJ&sjid=32QFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2729,2615369&hl=en|title = The Lewiston Daily Sun - Google News Archive Search}}</ref> She has served on the NEA Dance Panel, Pew Charitable Trust National Council to Preserve American Dance, and as a Site Visit Consultant for the NEA. She was also selected to address the National Council on the Arts as a guest speaker.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.arts.gov/about/leadership-staff/national-council-arts|title=National Council on the Arts|website=www.arts.gov|accessdate=2 April 2023}}</ref> Her dance workshops include Barnard, The [[Juilliard School]], Sarah Lawrence, Bates, Bowdoin colleges and as Master Teacher and panelist for the National Foundation for the Advancement in the Arts, Miami (NFAA), now known as the National YOUNGARTS Foundation.<ref>[http://www.indianewengland.com/ME2/Audiences/dirmod.asp?sid=&nm=&type=Publishing&mod=Publications%3A%3AArticle&mid=8F3A7027421841978F18BE895F87F791&tier=4&id=96A5B8D3165A495FA22DEDCABFA64876&AudID=9385736839DB419F9BE37F2714C206BA Indian EW England] {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref>

==Exhibitions==
Rahman's works have been exhibited in many galleries and Museums in India and abroad, including: Eye Movement: India International Centre Annexe Gallery November 2015, The Sahmat Collective: Art and Activism in India since 1989, The Fowler Museum, Los Angeles, April 2015; The United Art Fair 2013, New Delhi, 14 September 2013;<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sodelhi.com/art-book-exhibitions/united-art-fair-2013-pragati-maidan-new-delhi |title=United Art Fair 2013, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi | So Delhi |access-date=3 November 2015 |archive-date=21 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821084937/http://www.sodelhi.com/art-book-exhibitions/united-art-fair-2013-pragati-maidan-new-delhi |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gun Point Cove Gallery, Orr’s Island, Maine, July 2012;<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://bangordailynews.com/community/maine-artist-to-exhibit-at-gun-point-cove-gallery-orrs-island/ |title=Maine Artist to Exhibit at Gun Point Cove Gallery, Orr's Island — Living — Bangor Daily News — BDN Maine |access-date=3 November 2015 |archive-date=6 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006045016/http://bangordailynews.com/community/maine-artist-to-exhibit-at-gun-point-cove-gallery-orrs-island/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gallery Project, Ann Arbor, Michigan, August 2009; M.F Husain Gallery, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India January 2009; Queens Museum of Art, Flushing, NY October 2008<ref>{{Cite web |title=Contemporary Indian Art Of The Diaspora - Queens Museum Of Art / Flushing NY |url=https://www.queensbuzz.com/article/112/contemporary-indian-art-of-the-diaspora---queens-museum-of-art-flushing-ny |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=www.queensbuzz.com |language=en}}</ref>
William Benton Museum of Art, Storrs, CT, January 2004 (part of permanent collection); Vadehra Gallery, New Delhi, India January 2004;
Rabindra Bhavan, New Delhi, India December 2003; The Advocate Gallery, Los Angeles, CA June 2003; Fisher Studio, Bard College, Annandale NY June 2003; Nancy Margolis Gallery, New York, NY March 1999; Gallery 678, New York, NY January 1997;<ref name="auto"/> Davidson & Daughters Gallery, Portland, ME April 1997;

==Critical acclaim==

"With small scale works of mixed media on paper, Sukanya Rahman presents a playful and lyrical suite of works. Her mark-making is diverse, juxtaposing the expressionistic with the geometric, the calligraphic with the boldly reductive. Collage elements further complicate the mix, allowing for printed patterns and found pictures to add their voices. These works are full of movement yet always achieve a careful balance, while Rahman’s palette reflects her multiple influences living between India, the United States and Mexico" - Peter Nagy, Curator, UAF II<ref>Catalog, United Art Fair</ref>

"Sukanya Rahman’s collages have much to recommend them… hers is an art of layering, of pulling together diverse sources, high and low, with no distinctions made" - [[Holland Cotter]], The New York Times<ref name="auto"/>

"What is George Harrison doing at the battlefield of Kurukshetra? And isn’t that Dick Tracy frolicking with Gopis in the water? The Taliban and Burkha-clad women, Buster Keaton, and Mother India crushing British rulers under her feet are all there. Like colorful butterflies, these images and objects have been impaled in tiny boxes by artist Sukanya Rahman at Gallery 678" -
Lavina Melwani, India Today International

"Aesthetically, Sukanya Rahman’s works are assured and sophisticated. They are emotional and humorous and build tension between the understandable and non-understandable between Eastern and Western cultural references. It adds up to a sparkling performance" - Phillip Isaacson, Maine Sunday Telegram

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rahman, Sukanya}}
[[Category:Artists from Kolkata]]
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian female classical dancers]]
[[Category:Performers of Indian classical dance]]
[[Category:Women artists from West Bengal]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dancers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women]]

Devendra Kumar Upadhyaya

2025-08-30T11:43:43Z

Moshiurrahmanatik: enhanced section also and added references

{{short description|33rd Chief Justice of Delhi High Court}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox Judge
| name = Devendra Kumar Upadhyaya
| office = [[List of former chief justices of the high courts of India#Delhi High Court|34th Chief Justice]] of [[Delhi High Court]]
| termstart = 21 January 2025
| termend =
| appointer = [[Droupadi Murmu]]
| nominator = [[Sanjiv Khanna]]
| predecessor = {{ubl|[[Manmohan (judge)|Manmohan]]|[[Vibhu Bakhru]] {{small|(Acting)}}}}
| office1 = [[List of former chief justices of the high courts of India#Bombay High Court|47th Chief Justice]] of [[Bombay High Court]]
| termstart1 = 29 July 2023
| termend1 = 20 January 2025
| appointer1 = [[Droupadi Murmu]]
| nominator1 = [[Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud]]
| office2 = [[Judge]] of [[Allahabad High Court]]
| termstart2 = 21 November 2011
| termend2 = 28 July 2023
| appointer2 = [[Pratibha Patil]]
| nominator2 = [[S. H. Kapadia]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1965|6|16|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| alma_mater = [[Lucknow University]]
| honorific_prefix = Hon'ble Chief Justice
| predecessor1 = {{ubl|[[Ramesh Deokinandan Dhanuka|R. D. Dhanuka]]|[[Nitin Madhukar Jamdar|N. M. Jamdar]] {{small|(Acting)}}}}
| successor1 = [[Alok Aradhe]]
}}
'''Devendra Kumar Upadhyaya''' (born 16 June 1965) is an Indian judge. Presently, he is [[Chief Justice]] of [[Delhi High Court]]. He is a former [[Chief Justice]] of [[Bombay High Court]] and [[Judge]] of [[Allahabad High Court]]. He stayed the release of the film [[Udaipur Files]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gokhale |first=Omkar |date=6 July 2023 |title=SC Collegium recommends elevation of Justice D K Upadhyaya as Chief Justice of Bombay HC |work=The Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/sc-collegium-recommends-elevation-of-justice-d-k-upadhyaya-as-chief-justice-of-bombay-hc-8781714/lite/ |access-date=6 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=6 July 2023 |title=Supreme Court Collegium Recommends Appointment Of Justice Devendra Kumar Upadhyaya As Chief Justice Of Bombay High Court |work=Live Law |url=https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/bombay-high-court/supreme-court-collegium-recommends-appointment-of-justice-devendra-upadhyaya-as-chief-justice-of-bombay-high-court-232020 |access-date=6 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=11 July 2025 |title=‘When someone wants…’: Kanahiya Lal's son on Delhi HC order staying ‘Udaipur Files’, film on father's murder|work=Hindustan Times |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/when-someone-wants-kanahiya-lals-son-on-delhi-hc-order-staying-udaipur-files-film-on-fathers-murder-101752199058017.html |access-date=11 July 2025}}</ref>

==Career==
Justice Upadhyaya graduated in law from [[Lucknow University]] in the year 1991 and enrolled as an Advocate on 11 May 1991. He practiced in Civil and Constitutional sides at [[Allahabad High Court]]. He was appointed as an Additional [[Judge]] of [[Allahabad High Court]] on 21 November 2011 and made permanent on 6 August 2013. He was appointed as [[Chief Justice]] of [[Bombay High Court]] on 29 July 2023. He was transferred as [[Chief Justice]] of [[Delhi High Court]] on 21 January 2025.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Upadhyaya, Devendra Kumar}}
[[Category:21st-century Indian judges]]
[[Category:1965 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Chief justices of the Bombay High Court]]
[[Category:Judges of the Allahabad High Court]]

{{India-law-bio-stub}}

Jod Gumbaz

2025-06-06T11:37:44Z

Moshiurrahmanatik:

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox building
| image = Bijapur - Jod Gumbaz.jpg
| location = [[Bijapur]]
| location_country = India
| coordinates = {{Coord|16|49|31|N|75|42|44|E|display=inline,title}}
}}

'''Jod Gumbaz''' is a complex of two tombs located in [[Bijapur]], in the Indian state of [[Karnataka]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=DHNS |title=Where kings & traitors rest |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/where-kings-traitors-rest-1996309 |access-date=30 October 2023 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en |archive-date=30 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030105653/https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/where-kings-traitors-rest-1996309 |url-status=live }}</ref> Built during the late [[Adil Shahi dynasty|Adil Shahi]] period and completed in 1687,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://architecturalheritage.intach.org/?page_id=990 |title=Heritage at Risk Register |website=[[INTACH]] |access-date=2 January 2024 |archive-date=12 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230912194025/http://architecturalheritage.intach.org/?page_id=990 |url-status=live }}</ref> it contains the tombs of Khan Muhammad and his spiritual advisor Abdul Razzaq Qadiri. A third, smaller tomb is located towards the west of the complex.

== Background ==
The Jod Gumbaz dates back to the late [[Adil Shahi dynasty|Adil Shahi]] period. The tombs were erected for Khan Muhammad and his spiritual advisor Abdul Razzaq Qadiri.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last1=Michell |first1=George |url=https://the-deccan.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/cambridge_history_michell_zebrowski_art_architecture_deccan_sultanates.pdf |title=Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates |last2=Zebrowski |first2=Mark |publisher=Cambridge University Press |series=[[The New Cambridge History of India]] I : 7 |pages=96 |access-date= |archive-date=18 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718003730/https://the-deccan.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/cambridge_history_michell_zebrowski_art_architecture_deccan_sultanates.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

Khan Muhammad "the traitor" was a military commander in service of the Adil Shahis, and had been bribed into switching allegiances in favour of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]]. This information was given to the Adil Shahi ruler by [[Afzal Khan (general)|Afzal Khan]], who was also in the field. Khan Muhammad was recalled to [[Bijapur]], and was assassinated. Subsequently, the Mughal emperor [[Aurangzeb]] ordered that a mausoleum be built for him using the taxes paid by Bijapur to the Mughals for one year. Later, Khan Muhammad's son, entitled Khawas Khan, who was also executed for his allegiance to the Mughals, was also buried within the same tomb. The tomb of Abdul Razzaq [[Qadiriyya|Qadiri]], who was Khan Muhammad's [[Murshid|spiritual advisor]] was also built around the same time.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Cousens |first=Henry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q2goAAAAYAAJ&q=Makka+Masjid+Bijapur |title=Bijapur, the Capital of the Adil Shahi Kings: A Guide to Its Ruins |date=1905 |publisher=Scottish Mission Industries Company |pages=83–85 |language=en |access-date=30 October 2023 |archive-date=30 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030105653/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q2goAAAAYAAJ&q=Makka+Masjid+Bijapur |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Tombs of Negro Nobles, Beejapoor (9183708815).jpg|thumb|The Jod Gumbaz, described as "Tombs of Negro Nobles, Beejapoor", photographed by Henry Hinton, ca. 1855–1862]]
During the [[British Raj|British period]], the tomb of Khan Muhammad was used as an office and dwelling for the executive engineer.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Murray |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gOUwAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22jor+gumbaz%22&pg=PA367 |title=A Handbook for Travellers in India, Burma, and Ceylon |publisher= |year=1906 |pages=367 |language=en |access-date=30 October 2023 |archive-date=30 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030221031/https://books.google.com/books?id=gOUwAQAAMAAJ&dq=%22jor+gumbaz%22&pg=PA367 |url-status=live }}</ref> The compound was being used for the residence of the sessions judge of Bijapur up until 1918, when the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] cleared all encroachments.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Marshall |first=John |url=https://ignca.gov.in/Asi_data/21738.pdf |title=Annual Report of the Director-General of Archaeology in India, 1919–1920 |publisher=Superintendent Government Printing |year=1922 |location=Calcutta |pages=7–8 |author-link=John Marshall (archaeologist) |access-date=30 October 2023 |archive-date=14 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231014045554/http://ignca.gov.in/Asi_data/21738.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Due to the reverence Muslims had for Abdul Razzaq, his tomb was not repurposed.<ref name=":0" /> The complex is now protected as a [[Monuments of National Importance (India)|monument of national importance]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Centrally Protected Monuments / Sites under the jurisdiction of Karnataka (Bangalore Circle, Dharwad Circle and Hampi Circle) |url=https://asi.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Karnataka-Bangalore-Circle-Dharwad-Circle-and-Hampi-Circle.pdf |website=[[Archaeological Survey of India]] |access-date=30 October 2023 |archive-date=1 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701123128/https://asi.nic.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Karnataka-Bangalore-Circle-Dharwad-Circle-and-Hampi-Circle.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Jod Gumbad.jpg|thumb|The tomb of Khan Muhammad]]
The tombs are located on a high elevation, because the vaults are located above ground level, which is usually not the case.<ref name=":0" /> The tomb of Khan Muhammad is an octagonal building to the south of the complex.<ref name=":0" /> A [[trefoil]]-patterned [[parapet]] rises above the hall, with [[Finial|finials]] at each corner.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nikam |first=Khaiser |last2=Guruprasad |first2=R |last3=Mudkavi |first3=Vidyadhar |date=24 October 2007 |title=Digital Preservation of Indian Cultural Heritage: Historical Monuments of Bijapur City |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/11874309.pdf |access-date=6 December 2023 |archive-date=7 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207181435/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/11874309.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> It is surmounted by a dome, resting on a lotus-shaped base. Abdul Razzaq Qadiri's tomb is a square building to the north of the complex, and larger than the tomb of Khan Muhammad.<ref name=":0" /> It is similar in design, with the trefoil patterned parapet, finials on the corners, and dome rising above a lotus-shaped base. This mausoleum is revered as a [[dargah]].<ref name=":1" /> A smaller mausoleum located towards the west of the Jod Gumbaz is the burial place of Sidi Rehan, an officer during the reign of [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Muhammad Adil Shah]].<ref name=":0" />

==See also==
*[[List of Monuments of National Importance in Bijapur district, Karnataka]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Monuments of National Importance in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Bijapur, Karnataka]]
[[Category:Tombs in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1687]]